tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
STUDIES ON THE LOCALIZATION OF CIRCULATING ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEXES AND OTHER MACROMOLECULES IN VESSELS
Authors: Charles G. Cochrane
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Localization of circulating antigen-antibody complexes in vessels of guinea pigs by means of anaphylactic shock was found to be mediated by histamine that was released at the time of anaphylaxis. The source of the histamine may have been the mast cell as noted in studies employing a direct attack on the mast cells by octylamine. Platelets played apparently little to no role in guinea pigs in the anaphylactic deposition of circulating complexes. Rat anaphylatoxin was found to cause vascular localization and symptoms of anaphylaxis identical with that brought about by antigen-antibody anaphylaxis. This also was found to be dependent upon the release of histamine. Antibody against Forssman antigen in the vessel walls of the guinea pigs also led to deposition of circulating complexes. This was found not to be histamine dependent. The possible role of local increase in vascular permeability in certain experimental disease states in the localization of circulating complexes is discussed.
The Computer-Stored Medical Record
Authors: Genevieve Gilroy
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The article by McDonald and Tierney<sup>1</sup>concerning computer-stored medical records has a significant omission. Nowhere is mentioned the philosophical and technological landmark effort of Dr Lawrence Weed with the computerized problem-oriented medical information system (PROMIS). Under the leadership of Dr Weed at the University of Vermont from 1969 through 1981, PROMIS demonstrated the prototype integrated computer-stored medical record.<sup>2,3</sup>It was funded primarily by the federal government, to the tune of more than $10 million. The PROMIS system was developed from the perspective of the patient, focusing on medical care delivery problems in coordination, logic, memory, and feedback, problems that still remain basically unsolved today. The entire medical record was on-line, most of it as coded text entered through branched logic pathways, using a defined, unified medical vocabulary. The system provided guidance to users both in the form of the pathways and with online information
Health Needs and Resources in the United States
Authors: George Rosen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

MODERN nations have accepted as public policy that health is a national resource to be protected and promoted. For such a policy to be satisfactorily implemented, health services and goods must be produced, and the means for producing them must be available. Moreover, to achieve these objectives in operational terms, resources (people, money and materials) must be allocated. In turn, such allocations of resources require choices and decisions in relation to needs, requirements, supply and anticipated levels of output and productivity. The problem of making such decisions is beset by many difficulties, arising from conflicting interests and objectives, differing evaluations . . .
Précis de Pathologie Médicale. Tome V: Coeur—Vaisseaux
Authors: Jacques Brunet
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This is part of a new French textbook of medicine in eight volumes. It is written by six authors who worked together in order to provide a real unity to the eight volumes. Included is all the pathology as seen by the physician today. The semeiology and evolution of disease is described, along with the etiology, the anatomy, the physiopathology, and the treatment.  ThePrecis de Pathologie Medicaleis well written, the presentation is excellent and in general every topic is covered adequately. The set represents a comprehensive review of medical pathology. At the end of each volume is a very useful index.  This textbook, however, cannot be compared with the classical texts of Harrison or Cecil and Loeb. It is a comprehensive review in eight volumes, much less concise than the ones mentioned. Unfortunately there are no bibliographies or references, which is a major defect. The physiopathology is superficial
Chalice: (for JAH)
Authors: William N. Handelman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Ad Libitum15 March 1996Chalice: (for JAH)William N. Handelman, MDWilliam N. Handelman, MDSt. Petersburg, FL 33707Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-6-199603150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail He wears night's cloakAs shield against the cool indifferenceAnd walks the wards of the dispassionate Infirmary,Takes comfort from its dark recesses and cadence of slowMelancholy;From door to door, there is no solid formBut paradigms of forms supine,Bedding entwined upon frameworks of slippery humanity.His movements doubly shadowed by low lampsCast long down halls like waters washing backthe tides of human frailty;He turns into a doorless corridorWhen from the dark appears a figure more forlornWhose asthene visage is silhouetted againstA portal backlit by the setting moon.Stark remnant of the ravaged temple ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Petersburg, FL 33707 Previousarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1996Volume 124, Issue 6Page: 611KeywordsFrailtyMortality ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The hypermobility syndrome. Musculoskeletal complaints associated with generalized joint hypermobility.
Authors: J A Kirk, B M Ansell, E G Bywaters
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1967)

Generalized joint laxity is also a feature of the here- ditary connective tissue disorders, Marfan's syn- drome, the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, and osteo- genesis imperfecta (McKusick, 1966).In the Achard syndrome it is prominent in the hands and feet in association with arachnodactyly (Parish, 1960).Rheumatoid and other inflammatory poly- arthritides may cause widespread acquired hyper- mobility, as may neurological disorders such as poliomyelitis, tabes dorsalis, and myotonia congenita (Hass and Hass, 1958)."Flail joints" of neuro- logical origin may result in episodes of traumatic synovitis and secondary osteo-arthritis-like changes.Several rare diseases may show this feature, 419 copyright.
HLA antigen frequency in granuloma annulare
Authors: D. MIDDLETON, G.E. ALLEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article HLA antigen frequency in granuloma annulare Get access D. MIDDLETON, D. MIDDLETON Northern Ireland Tissue Typing Laboratory Dr D. Middleton, Northern Ireland Tissue Typing Laboratory, Belfast City Hospital, Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7AD. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.E. ALLEN G.E. ALLEN Dermatology Unit, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 1, 1 January 1984, Pages 57–59, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb07312.x Published: 01 January 1984 Article history Accepted: 22 June 1983 Published: 01 January 1984
Chronic epithelial kidney injury molecule-1 expression causes murine kidney fibrosis
Authors: Benjamin D. Humphreys, Fengfeng Xu, Venkata Sabbisetti, Ivica Grgic, Said Movahedi Naini, Ningning Wang, Guochun Chen, Sheng Xiao, Dhruti Patel, Joel M. Henderson, Takaharu Ichimura, Shan Mou, Savuth Soeung, Andrew P. McMahon, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Joseph V. Bonventre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Acute kidney injury predisposes patients to the development of both chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure, but the molecular details underlying this important clinical association remain obscure. We report that kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), an epithelial phosphatidylserine receptor expressed transiently after acute injury and chronically in fibrotic renal disease, promotes kidney fibrosis. Conditional expression of KIM-1 in renal epithelial cells (Kim1(RECtg)) in the absence of an injury stimulus resulted in focal epithelial vacuolization at birth, but otherwise normal tubule histology and kidney function. By 4 weeks of age, Kim1(RECtg) mice developed spontaneous and progressive interstitial kidney inflammation with fibrosis, leading to renal failure with anemia, proteinuria, hyperphosphatemia, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and death, analogous to progressive kidney disease in humans. Kim1(RECtg) kidneys had elevated expression of proinflammatory monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) at early time points. Heterologous expression of KIM-1 in an immortalized proximal tubule cell line triggered MCP-1 secretion and increased MCP-1-dependent macrophage chemotaxis. In mice expressing a mutant, truncated KIM-1 polypeptide, experimental kidney fibrosis was ameliorated with reduced levels of MCP-1, consistent with a profibrotic role for native KIM-1. Thus, sustained KIM-1 expression promotes kidney fibrosis and provides a link between acute and recurrent injury with progressive chronic kidney disease.
Novel Mechanism Associated With an Inherited Cardiac Arrhythmia
Authors: Michiko Furutani, Matthew C. Trudeau, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Akiko Seki, Qiuming Gong, Zhengfeng Zhou, Shin-ichiro Imamura, Hirotaka Nagashima, Hiroshi Kasanuki, Atsuyoshi Takao, Kazuo Momma, Craig T. January, Gail A. Robertson, Rumiko Matsuoka
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The congenital long-QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited disorder characterized by a prolonged cardiac action potential and a QT interval that leads to arrhythmia. Mutations in the human ether-a-go-go–related gene ( HERG ), which encodes the rapidly activating component of the delayed rectifier current (I Kr ), cause chromosome 7–linked LQTS (LQT2). Studies of mutant HERG channels in heterologous systems indicate that the mechanisms mediating LQT2 are varied and include mutant subunits that form channels with altered kinetic properties or nonfunctional mutant subunits. We recently reported a novel missense mutation of HERG (G601S) in an LQTS family that we have characterized in the present work. Methods and Results —To elucidate the electrophysiological properties of the G601S mutant channels, we expressed these channels in mammalian cells and Xenopus oocytes. The G601S mutant produced less current than wild-type channels but exhibited no change in kinetic properties or dominant-negative suppression when coexpressed with wild-type subunits. To examine the cellular trafficking of mutant HERG channel subunits, enhanced green fluorescent protein tagging and Western blot analyses were performed. These showed deficient protein trafficking of the G601S mutant to the plasma membrane. Conclusions —-Our results from both the Xenopus oocyte and HEK293 cell expression systems and green fluorescent protein tagging and Western blot analyses support the conclusion that the G601S mutant is a hypomorphic mutation, resulting in a reduced current amplitude. Thus, it represents a novel mechanism underlying LQT2.
Chromosome stability, in the absence of apoptosis, is critical for suppression of tumorigenesis in Trp53 mutant mice
Authors: Geng Liu, John M Parant, Gene Lang, Patty Chau, Arturo Chavez-Reyes, Adel K El-Naggar, Asha Multani, Sandy Chang, Guillermina Lozano
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Diphenylhydantoin Risks in Children
Authors: Jorge C. Lagos
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In 1969, in a letter to the editor of<i>Pediatrics</i><sup>1</sup>we warned against the increased risk of diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) intoxication when the suspension form of this anticonvulsant is used. This warning was based on our experience at Children's Memorial Hospital with five children who were receiving this form of the medication and were admitted with signs and symptoms of moderate intoxication. Since then we have seen seven other young children admitted because of a similar problem; all of them were receiving the liquid preparation. Six of these children recovered uneventfully after withdrawal of the drug and its replacement by another anticonvulsant or after a reduction of dosage. The other child was left with what appears to be, after a one-year follow-up, a permanent neurologic deficit. It has been pointed out<sup>1-3</sup>that diphenylhydantoin should be used with great caution in infants and young children; symptoms of
The effects of age, body wight and family relationships on plasma lipoproteins and lipids in men, women and children of randomly selected families.
Authors: S L Connor, W E Connor, G Sexton, L Calvin, S Bacon
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Two hundred thirty-three families were randomly selected from a designated population base. Data from 619 persons ages 6--65 years had distributions of lipid and anthropometric values typical for the U.S. population. The typical rise in plasma cholesterol and triglyceride with age was also demonstrated. The plasma cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) correlated more strongly with age than body weight, whereas the plasma triglyceride was more related to body weight than to age. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) was inversely correlated with weight and plasma triglyceride. Family membership accounted for approximately 20% of the variability in cholesterol, LDL, HDL and weight. Related family members (father-child, mother-child and siblings) had strong correlations for plasma cholesterol, LDL and HDL. These measurements did not correlate in the spouse pairs. The plasma triglyceride did not correlate for the family as a whole nor for the individual family members. This study indicates the importance of both chronic environmental factors and genetic family relationships on plasma lipids and lipoproteins.
Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Parotid Gland Carcinoma
Authors: Ivo Stárek, Pavel Koranda, Vítĕzslav Zboøil, Lubor Mrzena
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Indications for elective neck dissection (ELND) and its extent in N0-staged patients with parotid gland carcinoma are inconsistent. Therefore, a pilot study was performed to test the feasibility and efficacy of radioguided sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in these tumors. A total of 6 patients underwent lymphoscintigraphy, SLNB, and level II-IV ELND. In 2 patients, the latter was extended to level V because the scans had revealed an additional sentinel lymph node (SLN) in this atypical nodal region. In all cases, the SLNs were detected intraoperatively. The SLNB exactly reflected the positive and negative histopathologic status of the remaining lymphatic basin in patients 1 and 4, respectively. One case of false negativity of SLNB could be explained by distortion of the lymphatic outflow resulting from intraparotid localization of lymphatic metastasis. The authors believe that the SLNB could provide reliable information on the status of regional lymph nodes, making it possible to base the neck dissection on the actual presence of the micrometastases and to detect metastatic tumors at unusual nodal levels.
Redox-dependent and ligand-independent<i>trans</i>-activation of insulin receptor by globular adiponectin
Authors: Tania Fiaschi, Francesca Buricchi, Giacomo Cozzi, Stephanie Matthias, Matteo Parri, Giovanni Raugei, Giampietro Ramponi, Paola Chiarugi
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Abstract Adiponectin/ACRP30 is an adipose tissue–derived hormone with antiatherogenic, antidiabetic, and insulin-sensitizing properties. Although the metabolic effects of adiponectin on glucose and lipid metabolism are well known, the signaling pathways triggered by adiponectin receptors remain to be elucidated. We report evidence that in hepatic cells, adiponectin stimulation produces a transient burst of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through activation of the small GTPase Rac1 and 5-lypoxigenase. Furthermore, adiponectin-induced oxidants cause the oxidation/inhibition of protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) 1B, one of the major phosphotyrosine phosphatases involved in the control of insulin receptor phosphorylation. Adiponectin causes increased association of PTP1B to insulin receptor and the oxidation/inhibition of the phosphatase, ultimately provoking the ligand-independent trans -phosphorylation of insulin receptor. We also report evidence that redox signaling plays a key role in both mitogen-activated protein kinase activation and hepatic glucose consumption induced by adiponectin. Conclusion: These results point to ROS as critical regulators of the cross-talk between adiponectin and insulin pathways and provide a redox-based molecular mechanism for the insulin-sensitizing function of adiponectin. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
Changes in Gastric and Lung Microflora With Acid Suppression
Authors: Rachel Rosen, Janine Amirault, Hongye Liu, Paul Mitchell, Lan Hu, Umakanth Khatwa, Andrew Onderdonk
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

The use of acid suppression has been associated with an increased risk of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in the outpatient setting but the mechanism behind this increased risk is unknown. We hypothesize that this infection risk results from gastric bacterial overgrowth with subsequent seeding of the lungs.To determine if acid-suppression use results in gastric bacterial overgrowth, if there are changes in lung microflora associated with the use of acid suppression, and if changes in lung microflora are related to full-column nonacid gastroesophageal reflux.A 5-year prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center where children ages 1 to 18 years were undergoing bronchoscopy and endoscopy for the evaluation of chronic cough. Acid-suppression use was assessed through questionnaires with confirmation using an electronic medical record review.Our primary outcome was to compare differences in concentration and prevalence of gastric and lung bacteria between patients who were and were not receiving acid-suppression therapy. We compared medians using the Wilcoxon signed rank test and determined prevalence ratios using asymptotic standard errors and 95% confidence intervals. We determined correlations between continuous variables using Pearson correlation coefficients and compared categorical variables using the Fisher exact test.Forty-six percent of patients taking acid-suppression medication had gastric bacterial growth compared with 18% of untreated patients (P = .003). Staphylococcus (prevalence ratio, 12.75 [95% CI, 1.72-94.36]), Streptococcus (prevalence ratio, 6.91 [95% CI, 1.64-29.02]), Veillonella (prevalence ratio, 9.56 [95% CI, 1.26-72.67]), Dermabacter (prevalence ratio, 4.78 [95% CI, 1.09-21.02]), and Rothia (prevalence ratio, 6.38 [95% CI, 1.50-27.02]) were found more commonly in the gastric fluid of treated patients. The median bacterial concentration was higher in treated patients than in untreated patients (P = .001). There was no difference in the prevalence (P > .23) of different bacterial genera or the median concentration of total bacteria (P = .85) in the lungs between treated and untreated patients. There were significant positive correlations between proximal nonacid reflux burden and lung concentrations of Bacillus (r = 0.47, P = .005), Dermabacter (r = 0.37, P = .008), Lactobacillus (r = 0.45, P = .001), Peptostreptococcus (r = 0.37, P = .008), and Capnocytophagia (r = 0.37, P = .008).Acid-suppression use results in gastric bacterial overgrowth of genera including Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Full-column nonacid reflux is associated with greater concentrations of bacteria in the lung. Additional studies are needed to determine if acid suppression-related microflora changes predict clinical infection risk; these results suggest that acid suppression use may need to be limited in patients at risk for infections.
Quantification of Pulmonary Emphysema from Lung Computed Tomography Images
Authors: RENUKA UPPALURI, THEOPHANO MITSA, MILAN SONKA, ERIC A. HOFFMAN, GEOFFREY McLENNAN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

A texture-based adaptive multiple feature method (AMFM) for evaluating pulmonary parenchyma from computed tomography (CT) images is described. This method incorporates multiple statistical and fractal texture features. The AMFM was compared to two previously published methods, namely, mean lung density (MLD) and the lowest fifth percentile of the histogram (HIST). First, the ability of these methods to detect subtle differences in ventral-dorsal lung density gradient in the prone normal lung was studied. Second, their abilities to differentiate between normal and emphysematous whole lung slices were compared. Finally, regional analyses comparing normal and emphysematous regions were performed by dividing the lungs. In the CT slices into six equal regions, ventral to dorsal, and analyzing each region separately. The results demonstrated that the AMFM could separate the ventral from the dorsal one-third of the normal prone lung with 89.8% accuracy, compared to an accuracy of 74.6% with the MLD and 64.4% with the HIST methods. The normal and emphysematous slices were separated on a global basis with 100.0% accuracy using the AMFM as compared to an accuracy of 94.7% and 97.4% using the MLD and HIST methods, respectively. The regional normal and emphysematous tissues were discriminated with an average accuracy of 97.9%, 89.9%, and 99.1% with the AMFM, MLD, and HIST methods, respectively. The three methods and the pulmonary function tests in the normal and emphysema groups were poorly correlated. Quantitative texture analysis using adaptive multiple features holds promise for the objective noninvasive evaluation of the pulmonary parenchyma.
85 ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AND SAFETY OF ITMN-191 IN COMBINATION WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A AND RIBAVIRIN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS (HCV)
Authors: N. Forestier, D. Larrey, P. Marcellin, Y. Benhamou, D. Guyader, W. Bradford, S. Porter, A. Patat, R. Rouzier, S. Zeuzem
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Anticoagulant Therapy in Intermittent Cerebrovascular Insufficiency
Authors: Robert G. Siekert
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Two hundred and thirty patients with intermittent focal cerebrovascular insufficiency were followed for periods varying from 1 to more than 5 years. A comparison was made as to the occurrence of cerebral infarction between those who received anticoagulant therapy and those who did not receive such treatment. Of 115 patients treated continuously, 4 (4 per cent) had a cerebral infarction. Of 40 patients who did not receive this treatment, 16 (40 per cent) had a cerebral infarction. Of 75 patients treated for a limited period (months), 24 patients (32 per cent) had a cerebral infarction months or years after discontinuance of anticoagulant therapy. The occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage was the same in treated and untreated patients. It is concluded that this therapy is associated with a reduction in cerebral infarction in this particular category of cerebrovascular disease.
Effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms on expression of the gene encoding thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor: a functional analysis
Authors: Michael B. Boffa, Deborah Maret, Jeffrey D. Hamill, Nazareth Bastajian, Paul Crainich, Nancy S. Jenny, Zhonghua Tang, Elizabeth M. Macy, Russell P. Tracy, Rendrik F. Franco, Michael E. Nesheim, Marlys L. Koschinsky
Journal: Blood (2007)