tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17174: Comparison of the Mechanism and Anatomical Tachycardia Circuit between the Verapamil-Sensitive Atrial Tachycardia Originating from the Vicinity of the Atrioventricular Node and from the Non-vicinity Area along the Atrioventricular Annulus
Authors: Hiroshige Yamabe, Hisanori Kanazawa, Tadashi Hoshiyama, Miwa Ito, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Little is known about the difference in the mechanism and the anatomical tachycardia circuit between the verapamil-sensitive focal atrial tachycardia (AT) originating from the vicinity of the atrioventricular node (AVN-AT) and the AT originating from the AV annulus other than the AV node vicinity (AVA-AT). Objectives: We clarified the electrophysiologic mechanism and tachycardia circuit of the AVN-AT and the AVA-AT and elucidated its difference. Methods: Seventeen AVN-AT patients and 23 AVA-AT patients were included. While recording the atrial electrogram at the earliest activation site (EAAS), rapid atrial pacing at a rate 5 beats/minute faster than the tachycardia rate was delivered from multiple atrial sites during AT to demonstrate manifest entrainment and orthodromic capture of EAAS. Manifest entrainment pacing site was defined as the site located proximal to the slow conduction area of reentry circuit. Radiofrequency energy was delivered starting at a site 2 cm proximal to the EAAS in th...
Community patterns of psychiatric disorders after the Exxon Valdez oil spill
Authors: L A Palinkas, J S Petterson, J Russell, M A Downs
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

This study examined the relationship between exposure to the Exxon Valdez oil spill and subsequent cleanup efforts and the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depressive symptoms in 13 Alaska communities.A community survey of 599 men and women was conducted approximately 1 year after the spill occurred. Questions from the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule were used to assess symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and PTSD. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale was used to assess levels of depressive symptoms.The post-spill (i.e., 1-year) prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder and PTSD for the study communities with all degrees of exposure was 20.2% and 9.4%, respectively. The prevalence of respondents with CES-D Scale scores above 16 and 18 was 16.6% and 14.2%, respectively. When compared with the unexposed group, members of the high-exposure group were 3.6 times as likely to have generalized anxiety disorder, 2.9 times as likely to have PTSD, 1.8 times as likely to have a CES-D Scale score of 16 and above, and 2.1 times as likely to have a CES-D Scale score of 18 and above. Women exposed to this event were particularly vulnerable to these conditions, and Alaska Natives were particularly vulnerable to depressive symptoms after the oil spill.The results suggest that the oil spill's impact on the psychosocial environment was as significant as its impact on the physical environment. The Exxon Valdez experience suggests a number of implications for the mental health needs of disaster victims, particularly in primary care settings.
Abstract 16197: Comparison of Optical Coherence Tomography-Derived Parameters With Fractional Flow Reserve for Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Takamitsu Takagi, Taishi Yonetsu, Tetsumin Lee, Tadashi Murai, Kenji Koura, Toshiyuki Iwai, Tsunekazu Kakuta
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Backgrounds; Fractional flow reserve (FFR) and intravascular imaging respectively provide functional, anatomical, and morphological assessments of angiographic intermediate stenosis. Optical cohere...
Behaviors and attitudes related to eating disorders in homosexual male college students
Authors: J Yager, F Kurtzman, J Landsverk, E Wiesmeier
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

To investigate whether homosexuality predisposes males to eating disorders, the authors studied 48 nonpatient homosexual male students at UCLA. The homosexual men had higher prevalences of binge-eating problems, of feeling fat in spite of others' perceptions, of feeling terrified of being fat, and of having used diuretics than other male students. They also scored higher on the Eating Disorders Inventory scales for drive for thinness, interoceptive awareness, bulimia, body dissatisfaction, maturity fears, and ineffectiveness. One of the 48 homosexual men and one of the 300 comparison group men met criteria for probable past histories of eating disorders.
Abstract 14049: Low Coronary Wall Shear Stress Occurs Most Frequently in Segments Immediately Distal to Lesions while High WSS occurs Most Frequently Within the Lesions: An Evaluation in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Parham Eshtehardi, Michael C McDaniel, Jin Suo, Saurabh S Dhawan, Lucas H Timmins, Jose N Binongo, Lucas Golub, Sandeep Krishnan, R Wayne Alexander, W Robert Taylor, Arshed A Quyyumi, Don P Giddens, Habib Samady
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Coronary atherosclerotic plaques result in alterations of focal wall shear stress (WSS). While computational and experimental studies have shown lower WSS values in segments immediate...
Urban air pollution by carcinogenic and genotoxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the former USSR.
Authors: None Khesina AYa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The content of major carcinogenic and genotoxic polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in urban air, vehicle, and industrial emissions is assessed. A sensitive, specific, and selective method for PAH and nitro-PAH quantitation was developed on the basis of low-temperature luminescence-spectra of frozen polycrystalline solutions. Polyarene contents in urban air and urban industrial emissions, as well as vehicle exhausts, are compared to the Russian Ministry of Health standard of maximal permissible concentration for benzo[a]pyrene in the ambient air. Special attention was paid to the study of PAH profiles and characteristics of different sources. The feasibility of using benzo[a]pyrene to assess PAH content in industrial and vehicle emissions was explored. PAH profiles in the ambient air and local emissions are compared. In addition, genotoxicity of the emissions of coke plant and diesel engine exhausts are compared to their polyarene content.
Abstract P020: Associations of Markers of Inflammation with Nocturnal BP Dipping Status Using Two Common Dipping Definitions: the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy
Authors: Harrison To, Wanmei Wang, B. G Windham, Thomas H Mosley, Stephen T Turner, Gary Schwartz, Iftikhar J Kullo, Michael E Griswold, Kenneth R Butler
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Compared to those with natural nocturnal blood pressure (BP) decreases, those lacking nocturnal BP decreases (“non-dippers”) are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Substantial evidence also supports a role of chronic systemic inflammation in the pathogenesis of CVD. The purpose of this study was to examine associations of markers of inflammation with two common definitions of BP dipping status using 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP) readings. Methods: AMBP monitoring and assays of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), e-selectin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2), and a selection of thirteen other inflammatory-pathway biomarkers were performed in 722 participants (mean age 64 [range 42-83] years, 36% men, 39% black, 83% hypertensive) in the Genetic Epidemiology Network of Arteriopathy (GENOA) Study (2001-2004). Non-dippers were classified using two common definitions: (1) nocturnal systolic and diastolic BP both decreased by &lt;10% compared to daytime values [“dual non-dippers”, n=161 (22%)], and (2) nocturnal SBP decreased by &lt;10% [“systolic non-dippers”, n=380 (53%)]. Logistic regressions, fit with generalized estimating equations to account for sibship clustering, yielded odds ratios (OR) of dipping status for log-transformed inflammatory biomarkers, adjusted for age, race, and sex. Results: IL-6 (range 0-37 pg/ml) was associated with dual non-dipping status (OR=1.55 [95%CI: 1.03, 2.32] p=0.035), translating into a 55% increase in the likelihood of being a dual non-dipper for every approximate doubling of IL-6. IL-6 (OR=1.63 [1.13, 2.35] p=0.009) and CRP (OR=1.35 [1.08,1.68] p=0.008) overall, as well as e-selectin (OR=0.49 [0.28, 0.87] p=0.014) and TIMP-2 (OR=0.54 [0.30,0.98] p=0.041) in hypertensive subjects were associated with systolic non-dipping status. Conclusions: These results suggest that non-dipping classification should be approached with prudence, as the two different criteria may influence conclusions about predictive marker associations. In addition, markers involved in direct versus inhibitory inflammation pathways may operate differentially across patient subgroups. Our findings support the link between inflammation and non-dipping circadian BP patterns and provide novel information on markers and definitions which may be useful for early detection and subsequent prevention of CVD.
Posterior Paroxysmal Discharge: An Aid to Early Diagnosis in Lafora Disease
Authors: S Ponsford, I F Pye, E J Elliot
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1993)

Lafora body disease is a rare neurometabolic disorder of autosomal recessive inheritance. Symptoms begin in the second decade with progressive myoclonic epilepsy and survival is unusual beyond the age of 30. We report an electroencephalographic study in four cases of histologically proven Lafora body disease. Posterior epileptiform discharges were found even in the early stages of the disease and may assist in early diagnosis.
Importance of dose scheduling of denileukin diftitox/vaccine combination therapy to reduce T regs and to enhance immune responses
Authors: Mary Litzinger, Romaine Fernando, Tyler Curiel, Jeffrey Schlom, Claudia Palena
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

220  Regulatory T cells (T regs) play a crucial role in the maintenance of immunological self-tolerance and therefore in the prevention of autoimmune disease. In the context of cancer, recent findings suggest that T regs are in part responsible for lack of effective anti-tumor immunity. In fact, it has been shown that cancer patients have a high number of T regs circulating in peripheral blood as well as at the tumor site. The constitutively high expression of the IL-2R α subunit (CD25) on the surface of T regs allows for strategies aimed at depleting this T-cell population by targeting of the IL-2R. Denileukin diftitox, a fusion protein of IL-2 and diphtheria toxin, provides one such means of targeting this population. However, because denileukin diftitox can potentially deplete activated T cells as well as T regs, the scheduling of denileukin diftitox in combination with vaccine becomes an important consideration. In this study, we examined (a) the effect of denileukin diftitox on depletion of Tregs in various cellular compartments and (b) the dose scheduling of denileukin diftitox in combination with vaccine to enhance antigen-specific immune responses. A single injection of denileukin diftitox in mice (0.75 μg, i.p.) resulted in a reduction in the percentage of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells in spleen, peripheral blood, and bone marrow at day 1 post-administration. The depletion of T regs in spleen and blood was transient, normalizing by day 10 post-administration, whereas the level of T regs in bone marrow remained depressed at day 10. In subsequent experiments, we examined the use of denileukin diftitox in combination with recombinant poxvirus vaccines encoding for a specific antigen and a triad of costimulatory molecules (TRICOM: B7-1, ICAM-1, and LFA-3), in the induction of antigen-specific immune responses in mice (to CEA or NP34). Various schedules of denileukin diftitox/vaccine combination therapy were evaluated, with denileukin diftitox being administered on days -7, -3, -1, 0, and +3 relative to vaccine. Injection of denileukin diftitox one day prior to vaccine was the most efficient in enhancing antigen-specific immune responses above that induced by vaccination alone. In contrast, denileukin diftitox administration three days after vaccine showed a negative impact on the development of an antigen-specific immune response. These studies indicate the potential utility of combination immune therapies designed to (a) reduce immune suppressive factors and (b) enhance activation of T-cell responses.
A Randomized Trial to Evaluate the Relative Protection Against Post-Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Microvascular Dysfunction, Ischemia, and Inflammation Among Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Agents
Authors: C. Michael Gibson, David A. Morrow, Sabina A. Murphy, Theresa M. Palabrica, Lisa K. Jennings, Peter H. Stone, Henry H. Lui, Thomas Bulle, Nasser Lakkis, Richard Kovach, David J. Cohen, Polly Fish, Carolyn H. McCabe, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Opportunistic infections (OI) following monoclonal antibody treatment
Authors: O. A. Cornely, C. N. Heidecke, M. Karthaus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

2562 Background: During recent years the therapeutic indications of monoclonal antibodies are on the increase. Most monoclonal antibodies are immunosuppressants. Thus, therapeutic successes are accompanied by an increase of serious infections. Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature on OI following monoclonal antibody treatment with alemtuzumab and rituximab. Results: Between 1996 and 2004, OI were reported in 17 articles. A total of 992 patients (pts) were treated, of these 409 pts (41.2%) with alemtuzumab, 535 pts (53.9%) with rituximab, 48 pts (4.9%) with both. Optional prophylaxis of viral infections was reported in 8 articles (404 pts (40.7%)), and optional prophylaxis of Pneumocytis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in 9 articles (435 pts (43.9%)). The overall number of OI diagnosed was 299 (30.1%). Etiologies were distributed as follows: 44 (14.7%) bacterial infections, 26 (8.7%) fungal infections, 11 (3.7%) protozoal infections, 9 (3%) viral infections, 100 (33.4%) viral reactivations, 109 (36.5%) infections of unknown or not further specified origin. Viral reactivations were due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) (58 (19.4%)), herpes simplex virus (30 (10%)), varicella zoster virus (11 (3.7%), and Epstein Barr virus (1 (0.3%)). Pneumonias accounted for 45 (15.1%), including 11 (3.7%) PCP, and 37 (12.4%) were blood stream infections. Death attributable to OI occurred in 20 pts, i.e. in 2% of pts with OI. Conclusion: Close monitoring for PCP and CMV in pts receiving alemtuzumab or rituximab is recommended. Reporting of OI in studies evaluating monoclonal antibody treatment should be encouraged. Studies evaluating prophylaxis of OI in these pts are warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 5058: Glucose OxidationStimulation Affords Dramatic Protection Against in vivo Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: John Edward R Ussher, Wei Wang, Tatsujiro Oka, Jason R Dyck, Gary D Lopaschuk
Journal: Circulation (2009)

During reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium, fatty acid oxidation rates quickly recover, while glucose oxidation rates remain low, which decreases cardiac efficiency during reperfusion. Malonyl CoA decarboxylase (MCD) degrades malonyl CoA and increases fatty acid oxidation by relieving malonyl CoA-dependent inhibition of carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1. Studies have shown that MCD inhibition improves reperfusion recovery of ischemic hearts ex vivo by reducing fatty acid oxidation rates and increasing glucose oxidation rates. The objective of this study was to determine whether MCD inhibition would translate into a reduction in infarct size. Wild Type (WT, n = 7) or MCD deficient (MCD−/−, n = 7) mice had their left anterior descending coronary artery ligated for 30 min followed by 24 hr reperfusion. MCD−/− mice demonstrated a dramatic reduction in infarct size compared to WT mice (10.8±3.8 vs. 39.5±4.7 % of area at risk, P &lt; 0.05) despite similar areas at risk (53 vs. 52 % of left ventricle). Furthermore, malonyl CoA levels were higher in the area at risk of hearts from MCD−/− mice (3.9±0.7 vs. 1.9±0.5 nmol/g wet weight, P &lt; 0.05). Because the protection against ex vivo ischemia/reperfusion injury in MCD−/− mice was associated with increased myocardial glucose oxidation rates, secondary to an inhibition of fatty acid oxidation, we next determined whether direct stimulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) and subsequent glucose oxidation would also afford protection against myocardial infarction. Infusion of the PDH activator, dichloroacetate (100 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection, followed by hourly injections of 50 mg/kg for the 24 hr duration of reperfusion), demonstrated significant protection against myocardial infarction (36.4±2.4 vs. 50.3±3.2 % of area at risk, P &lt; 0.05). We demonstrate that MCD inhibition is beneficial against ischemia/reperfusion injury, possibly due to its effects on glucose oxidation stimulation, validating the optimization of myocardial metabolism as a novel therapy for ischemic heart disease.
Abstract 16262: Effects of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on QRS and JTc Duration in MADIT-CRT
Authors: Wojciech Zareba, Scott McNitt, Jonathan Hsu, W. Jackson Hall, Helmut Klein, Elyse Foster, Arthur J Moss
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The MADIT-CRT showed that reduction of heart failure events or death by cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) was found in LBBB patients, but not in RBBB and IVCD patients. This study aimed to evaluate effects of CRT on QRS and repolarization duration by QRS morphology and determine whether postimplant changes in studied ECG parameters are predictive of clinical and echocardiographic outcome. Methods: Baseline and one day post-implant digital ECG recordings were available in 817 patients treated with CRT-D. The CRT-induced changes in the following ECG parameters: QRS duration and JTc duration were evaluated regarding their prognostic value for predicting HF events or death and predicting lack of echocardiographic response to CRT measured by lack of reduction of LVESV by at least 15% evaluated at 12 months. Results: There were 587 patients with LBBB, 99 with RBBB, and 131 with IVCD with pre- and post-implant ECGs. In post-implant ECG, QRS significantly decreased on average by 13 ms in LBBB pa...
Abstract 3225: Frequency and Impact of Stent Fractures after Stent Implantation of Superficial Femoral Artery
Authors: Yoshimitsu Soga, Kenji Ando, Takashi Yamada, Shinichi Shirai, Keita Odashiro, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Masashi Iwabuchi, Hitoshi Yasumoto, Hideyuki Nosaka, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 17119: Renal Sympathetic Denervation Using an “Off-the-Shelf” Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation Catheter for the Management of Drug-Resistant Hypertension
Authors: Humera Ahmed, Petr Neuzil, Honza Skoda, Honza Petru, Lucie Sediva, Marcela Schejbalova, Vivek Y Reddy
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation using a specialized radiofrequency (RF) ablation catheter has recently been demonstrated to achieve sustained BP lowering in drug-refractory hypertension (HTN) pts. In theory, this non-irrigated RF ablation catheter has the potential to cause char formation at the point of catheter-tissue contact. We studied whether the same saline-irrigated RF ablation catheters used for ablation at other cardiovascular sites, which in theory would minimize the thromboembolic risk related to ablation itself, can safely provide similar BP reduction in refractory HTN pts. Methods: Ten pts with drug-resistant HTN (7±1 anti-hypertensive drugs/pt) underwent bilateral renal denervation with a standard saline-irrigated RF ablation catheter. Ambulatory BP recordings (24-hr) were obtained at baseline, and 1, 3, and 6 months post-procedure. In 5 pts, pre- and post-procedural measures of renal sympathetic activity were assessed, including plasma aldosterone, metanephrine, normetanephrine and plasma renin activity. All pts underwent follow-up renal angiography (at 1-5 months) to assess for renal artery (RA) stenosis. Results: Over a 6 month period, 1) the mean change in systolic/diastolic BP was -28/-20 mmHg; 2) all patients experienced a decrease in systolic BP of at least 10 mm Hg (range: 10-32 mm Hg); 3) there was no evidence of RA stenosis or aneurysm at repeat angiography; and 4) there was a significant decrease in renal sympathetic activity at 3 months: including metanephrine (-12±4, p=0.003) and normetanephrine (-17±4, p=0.0008) levels. There was also a significant decrease in aldosterone levels (-60±33 ng/l, p=0.02). Changes in the remaining variables were not significant: plasma renin activity (0.2 mg/l/hod, p=0.4), serum creatinine (-1 mmol/L, p=0.4); renin (0.3 mg/l/hod, p=0.4). Conclusions: Renal sympathetic denervation can be performed safely and effectively in pts with resistant hypertension using a standard saline-irrigated ablation catheter. Randomized placebo-controlled trials remain necessary to rule out a biofeedback-mediated placebo effect.
Abstract P309: N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Subclinical Atherosclerosis in Mexican Women
Authors: Adriana Monge, Eduardo Ortiz-Panozo, Elsa Yunes, Carlos Cantu-Brito, Andres Catzin-Khulmann, Ruy Lopez-Ridaura, William S Harris, Martin Lajous
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) may affect cardiovascular risk through various biological pathways. There is limited evidence of the relation with subclinical atherosclerosis (SA). Hypothesis: N-3 PUFAs is inversely associated with SA. Methods: We evaluated the cross-sectional association between whole blood eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and common carotid intima media thickness (cIMT) in 490 disease-free without self-reported hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, and/or peripheral arterial disease women in the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort from Chiapas and Yucatan. Between 2012 and 2013, neurologists assessed cIMT with an ultrasound and we measured whole blood EPA+DPA through HPLC in dried blood spots and expressed values as % of total identified fatty acids. In a reproducibility study we observed an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.89 (n=52). We categorized whole blood EPA+DHA in quartiles and defined SA as cIMT ≥0.8mm or presence of plaque. Mean adjusted differences and multivariable odds ratios with the lowest category as a reference were estimated using linear and logistic regression. Results: Mean (±SD) age was 46.5 (±7.7) and the prevalence of SA was 18.8% (n=92). Mean %EPA+DHA was 3.65±0.83 and the prevalence of low %EPA+DHA (below 4%) was 71%. In multivariable analyses (Table), we observed a suggestion of an inverse relation with %DHA but results were not statistically significant. The mean adjusted difference (95%CI) comparing extreme quartiles of %DHA was -0.018(-0.039 - 0.003), p-trend 0.17. The OR(95%CI) comparing extreme quartiles of %DHA was 0.59(0.27-1.27). Conclusions: In a population of middle-aged Mexican women whole blood EPA and DHA were not associated to intima-media thickness. The narrow distribution of N-3 PUFA levels in this population may have limited our ability to detect an association.