tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multivitamins do not improve radiation therapy related fatigue: Results of a double-blind randomized cross-over trial
Authors: R. Kaliks-Guendelmann, M. P. Oliveira Campos, Â. B. Souza Fêde, C. G. Bensi, D. C. Trufelli, P. G. Pecoroni, R. P. Ranzatti, A. del Giglio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

9103 Background: Fatigue is a common symptom in cancer patients including those receiving radiation therapy. Multivitamins are broadly used by cancer patients to improve overall health and energy. Methods: We conducted a double blind randomized cross- over trial of multivitamins versus placebo in patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing radiation therapy (Rxt) in order to evaluate if multivitamins would affect fatigue and quality of life. We randomized patients at the beginning of Rxt treatment to either placebo or Centrum Silver (Wyeth-Whitehall laboratory). At the middle of the radiation treatments patients were switched from placebo to multivitamins and vice versa. Patients answered to the EORTC QLQ C-30 quality of life (QOL) and Chalder fatigue questionnaires at the beginning, the time of switching and at the end of Rxt. Results: We randomized forty patients to either placebo or Centrum Silver. At the middle of the radiation treatments patients were switched from placebo to MVi and vice versa. Patients answered the EORTC QLQ C-30 quality of life (QOL) and Chalder fatigue questionnaires at the beginning, the middle and at the end of Rxt. Both groups experienced decreases in general (p = 0.009; p = 0.001) and physical fatigue scores (p = 0.031; p = 0.029) at the end of the course of placebo compared to the assessment prior to this treatment. We also observed significant improvements in functional (p = 0.026) and symptoms (p = 0.016) score scales of the QOL questionnaire in the patients on placebo. No significant changes were elicited with the use of MVi. We also observed significantly lower rates of fatigue in the patients who had just finished a course of placebo as compared to patients finishinga course of MVi (0 vs 25% p = 0.035). Conclusions: MVi do not improve radiation related fatigue in patients with BC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Comparison of PSI, A-DROP, CURB-65, CRB-65, and SOAR indices in hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia
Authors: Cemile Cetinkaya, Aysin Sakar Coskun, Yavuz Havlucu, Tugba Göktalay, Pinar Celik, Arzu Yorgancioglu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We evaluated the relation between PSI, A-DROP, CURB-65, CRB-65, and SOAR indices and investigate the importance of these indices in the follow up of hospitalized patients with community acquired pneumonia(CAP).

Patients hospitalized in Celal Bayar University Chest Disease Clinic between January 2009 and January 2012 due to CAP were included to the study.Socio-demographic findings,symptoms,comorbidities,habits,history,physical examination findings,laboratory and radiological findings,pneumonia severity groups,treatment result,duration of hospitalization,and cost of disease treatment of patients were obtained from “Pneumonia Data Base”prepared by Turkish Thoracic Society Respiratory Infections Scientific Assembly.Indices above were calculated for each patient.

70 patients were included to study.There were 49 male(70%) and mean age was 63,07±18,08 years.Mean duration of hospitalization was 10,08±5,64 days.57 patients(81,4%) were totally cured after one month follow up. Indices mentioned above were correlated with each other(Pearson correlation test) (p 0,05).Duration of hospitalization of CAP patients was categorized as 0-14 days and more than 14 days.These indices were found significiantly different when comparison was done according to this categorization(p<0,05).

PSI, A-DROP, CURB-65, CRB-65,and SOAR indices were found to be correlated with each other.All of the indices mentioned above has low estimation rate for treatment outcomes and development of complication due to pneumonia but high estimation rate for the duration of hospitalization.
Abstract 3188: Prognosis of Elderly Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: Impact of the Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Ryotaro Yamada, Hiroyuki Okura, Teruyoshi Kume, Haruyuki Taguchi, Iku Toda, Takahiro Kawamoto, Yoji Neishi, Eiji Toyota, Akihiro Hayashida, Kikuko Obase, Miwako Tsukiji, Nozomi Watanabe, Minoru Yoshiyama, Junichi Yoshikawa, Kiyoshi Yoshida
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Involvement of angiogenesis genes in pathologic response of advanced ovarian carcinoma.
Authors: M. Mendiola, J. Barriuso, A. Redondo, I. Sánchez-Navarro, A. Mariño-Enriquez, R. Madero, P. Zamora, J. De-Santiago, E. Espinosa, D. Hardisson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

10613 Background: Multimodal therapy with cytoreductive surgery plus chemotherapy is the standard of care in advanced ovarian carcinoma (AOC). Nevertheless, to predict which patients can achieve pathological response remains challenging. Several genes involved in angiogenesis proved to have prognosis capacity in AOC. The aim of this study is to find a model derived from angiogenesis genes to predict pathological response to treatment. Methods: 34 patients with III/IV FIGO stage ovarian cancer that underwent surgical cytoreduction and received a carboplatin plus paclitaxel chemotherapy regime were included. A second look laparotomy was performed in all the patients. Optimal debulking was defined as ≤ 1 cm (diameter) residual disease. RNAs were collected from formalin-fixed paraffin- embedded advanced ovarian carcinoma samples. Expression levels of 82 angiogenesis related genes were measured using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). A logistic regression method was used to build multiple models based on the significant genes in the univariate analysis. The accuracy of the models was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The Akaike's Information Criterion based selection was used to find the most accurate one. And leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) method was applied to avoid overoptimistic predictions. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 50 years (range, 35 to 79 years). All patients had advanced disease (FIGO stages III/IV). Most of them had FIGO stage III (27, 79.4%), grade 3 tumors (19, 55.9%), and serous histology (23, 67.6%). 20 patients (50.8%) achieved complete response. We found an independent model able to predict response to therapy comprising 5 genes with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.950 (p < 0.001). LOOCV was applied to avoid overfitting of the model, obtaining a corrected AUC of 0.846, 95%CI: 0.717-0.976. Conclusions: It is feasible to create a predictive profile for pathological response in AOC derived from genes involved in ovarian angiogenesis. However, the predictive value of the angiogenesis-related gene expression profile should be further evaluated in prospective studies of patients with AOC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Intensive physical training reduces the airway response to methacholine in asthmatics
Authors: Nicola Scichilone, Daniele Zangla, Rita Arrigo, Irene Cardillo, Alessandra Paternò, Vincenzo Bellia, Maria Rosaria Bonsignore, Giuseppe Morici
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We previously reported that responsiveness to methacholine (Mch) in the absence of deep inspiration (DI) can decrease in healthy subjects after exercise training. We assessed whether exercise training also reduces airway responsiveness in asthmatics. Nine patients (M/F: 3/6; mean age±SD: 24±2 yrs) with mild asthma (FEV1 100±7.4% pred, FEV1/VC 90±6.5%) underwent single dose Mch bronchoprovocations in the absence of DI at baseline (Visit 1) and after training (6 hours/week of submaximal rowing) for 5 (Visit 2) and 10 (Visit 3) consecutive weeks. The single dose Mch was established at Visit 1 as the dose able to induce at least 15% reduction in IVC. The same single dose Mch was administered to each subject at every subsequent challenge. Five asthmatics (M/F: 1/4; mean age±SD: 26±3 yrs) with similar baseline lung function (FEV1: 102±7.0% pred, and FEV1/VC: 83±6.0%; p=0.57 and p=0.06, respectively) not participating to the training program, served as controls (single-dose, no-DI, Mch tests at baseline and 10 weeks). In the trained group, the Mch-induced reduction in IVC from baseline was 22±10% at Visit 1, 13±11% at Visit 2, 11±8% at Visit 3 (ANOVA for repeated measures: p=0.028). Mch responsiveness at Visit 2 and 3 was reduced compared to baseline (p=0.03 and p=0.01, respectively). The reduction in responsiveness induced by training was of magnitude similar to that previously obtained in healthy subjects. In controls, Mch-induced reduction in IVC at baseline was similar to that of the trained asthmatics (21±20%), and remained unchanged after 10 weeks (29±14%, p= 0.28). This pilot study indicates that physical training is capable of reducing airway responsiveness in mild asthmatics.
Androgen priming and chemotherapy in advanced prostate cancer: evaluation of determinants of clinical outcome.
Authors: A Manni, M Bartholomew, R Caplan, A Boucher, R Santen, A Lipton, H Harvey, M Simmonds, D White-Hershey, R Gordon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

We conducted a randomized clinical trial in men with stage D2 prostate cancer to test whether androgen priming potentiates the efficacy of cytotoxic chemotherapy. Eighty-five men with progressive prostate cancer refractory to orchiectomy were treated continuously with aminoglutethimide and hydrocortisone to lower adrenal androgen secretion and were administered cyclic intravenous (IV) chemotherapy. The patients were randomized to receive either androgen priming or no additional treatment for three days before and on the day of chemotherapy. Median duration of follow-up was 43 months. Response rate (remission plus disease stabilization) was not significantly different between the stimulation and control arm when the analysis was restricted to evaluable patients (79% v 73%, respectively) or when it was extended to all patients (46% v 61%). Median duration of response was similar for the stimulation and control arm (9 and 10 months, respectively). Median survival was 10 months in the stimulation and 15 months in the control group (P = .0047). The androgen sensitivity of the tumors was supported by the greater toxicity in the stimulation arm associated with androgen administration. Factors found to be independently associated with improved clinical outcome included a high Karnofsky score and hematocrit, long duration of response to the initial castration, and normalization of an elevated serum acid phosphatase on treatment. We conclude that in this group of patients with advanced disease, androgen priming does not potentiate the efficacy of chemotherapy and is actually associated with a worse outcome. Furthermore, our data emphasize the heterogeneity of biologic behavior of prostate cancer.
Prevalence of Acinetobacter baumannii and other Acinetobacter spp. in faecal samples from non-hospitalised individuals
Authors: L. Dijkshoorn, E. van Aken, L. Shunburne, T.J.K van der Reijden, A.T. Bernards, A. Nemec, K.J. Towner
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2005)
Brief Report: Anakinra Use During Pregnancy in Patients With Cryopyrin‐Associated Periodic Syndromes
Authors: Zenas Chang, Catherine Y. Spong, Adriana A. Jesus, Michael A. Davis, Nicole Plass, Deborah L. Stone, Dawn Chapelle, Patrycja Hoffmann, Daniel L. Kastner, Karyl Barron, Raphaela T. Goldbach‐Mansky, Pamela Stratton
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective: To describe the pregnancy course and outcome, and use of anakinra, a recombinant selective IL-1 receptor blocker, during pregnancy in patients with cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), including familial cold auto-inflammatory syndrome (FCAS), Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) and neonatal onset multi-system inflammatory disease (NOMID). Methods: Women currently enrolled in natural history protocols (NCT00059748, and/or NCT00069329 under IND) who have been pregnant were included. Subjects underwent a structured, standardized interview with regards to maternal health, pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Medical records were reviewed. Results: Nine women (four with FCAS, one with MWS and four with NOMID) reported one to four pregnancies, each resulting in a total of fifteen FCAS, three MWS, and six NOMID pregnancies. Six births from FCAS mothers and three births from NOMID mothers occurred while patients were receiving anakinra. If a woman became pregnant while taking anakinra, the pre-pregnancy anakinra dose was continued. Anakinra dose was increased during one twin pregnancy. No preterm births or serious complications of pregnancy were observed. One fetus of the twin pregnancy had renal agenesis and suffered fetal demise. Genetic testing showed the deceased twin carried the same NLRP3 c.785T>C, p.V262A mutation as the mother. The other twin is healthy and mutation negative. Conclusions: Anakinra was continued during pregnancy in women with CAPS and provided significant, persistent CAPS symptom relief while continuing to prevent the long-term sequelae of CAPS. Anakinra was well tolerated. Although a causal relation between anakinra and renal agenesis seems unlikely, further safety data are needed.
Assessing the quality of life with CAT in bronchiectasis patients
Authors: Beatrice Mahler
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

CAT is a simple questionnaire used to measure the quality of life in COPD patients and it includes eight points. Bronchiectasis is a chronic condition with symptoms similar to COPD.   Material and methods:  I applied the CAT form to 115 bronchiectasis patients that I subsequently grouped into three categories: 37 posttuberculosis bronchiectasis patients, 53 idiopathic bronchiectasis patients and 25 COPD patients with associated bronchiectasis.   Results:  Bronchiectasis and COPD patients with a mean age of 74.4±4.8 years had a 17.7 CAT score,which correlates with a FEV mean value of 53.6±10.8% (p    Conclusions:  All three groups demonstrated a moderate impairment of the quality of life, showing a significant difference between idiopathic bronchiectasis patients and patients with associated COPD. The association of the two respiratory disease leads to a lower quality of life for these patients. All associated respiratory diseases must be considered when interpreting this questionnaire.
Mammary-Tumor Virion Structures in Mouse Milk Fractions&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Nurul H. Sarkar, Jesse Charney, Dan H. Moore
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Loss of mammary tumor virus during purification was investigated. Virions were found in the discard fractions: cream, low-speed pellet, and high-speed supernatant. A new procedure is described for examining cream (with the electron microscope) for the presence of virus particles in this fraction of milk. Mammary tumor virus (B particles) floated with the cream, even when whole milk was layered under a column of buffer through which the cream was washed on centrifugation. After low-speed centrifugation of diluted milk, an abundance of B particles was found in the pellet. Many virions were in aggregates and others adhered to larger structures. These results demonstrate the unusual adhesive and cohesive properties of this virion and help to explain the difficulty in isolating the milk agent.
Reduction of the systemic inflammatory response in patients with CAP treated with corticosteroids improves clinical outcome and reduces mortality and ICU admittance
Authors: Sabine Meijvis, Ger Rijkers, Heleen van Velzen-Blad, Paul Voorn, Jan Grutters, Willem Jan Bos, Douwe Biesma, H. Remmelts
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Corticosteroids can improve clinical outcome in patients with pneumonia. However, little is known about the effects of corticosteroids on systemic cytokine levels in these patients or which patients benefit most from corticosteroid therapy.  Hospitalized, non-immunocompromised patients with CAP were randomly assigned to a 4-day course of dexamethasone (5 mg once a day) or placebo. Serum levels of IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ, MIP and MCP were measured at various time-points during hospital stay.  We enrolled 304 patients. The median levels of IL-6, MCP, TNF-a, IL-8, and IL1ra, all were significantly lower (p   When IL6, IL-8 and MCP, being the most prominent proinflammatory cytokines were combined, patients who had all three cytokines above a predefined cut-off point benefited most from dexamethasone therapy. In the dexamethasone group only 2 patients (8,3%) died, while in the placebo group 8 patients (47%) died (p:    Conclusion:  Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines decreased more rapidly in dexamethasone treated patients compared to placebo treated patients. This effect was most evident in patients with an atypical bacterium. In patients with highest cytokine response, dexamethasone showed a reduction in mortality and ICU admittance.
Clinical determinants for oral steroids during COPD-exacerbations in primary care
Authors: P. van Velzen, R.J.B. Loijmans, M. Amelink, M. Stommel, G. ter Riet, P.J. Sterk
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale:  International guidelines recommend a course of oral corticosteroids (OCS) in addition to bronchodilator therapy for the treatment of COPD-exacerbations, because systemic corticosteroids shorten recovery time, improve lung function and reduce treatment failure. The aim of this study was to examine which patient characteristics are associated with prescription of OCS by general practitioners (GPs) during COPD-exacerbations.   Methods:  This study comprised a database analysis of the centralized out-of-hours GP service in Amsterdam that serves a population of 750,000 people. Contacts were registered in an electronic medical record. We retrieved all records of patients treated for a COPD-exacerbation in 2008. Patients who received antibiotics were excluded. Documented symptoms and signs were coded as present/absent. We compared treatment with OCS with or without bronchodilator therapy versus bronchodilator therapy only. Data were cross-sectionally analysed.   Results:  743 COPD-exacerbations were identified. 30.8% were referred to hospital and 69.2% were treated at home. Of these cases, 135 (54.8%) received OCS and 111 (45,2%) bronchodilator therapy only. Patients who received systemic OCS did not differ from those treated without OCS in age (68.9  vs  70.9±13.5, p=0.2), documented history, symptoms, hemodynamic characteristics, and lung sounds (p> 0.1).   Conclusion:  OCS with of without bronchodilator therapy are prescribed in 27.3% of COPD-exacerbations that are dealt with by GPs in an out-of-hour setting. We could not identify patient related determinants of the prescription of OCS. This suggests that the indication of systemic steroids during COPD-exacerbations requires clinical foundation.
Epigenome-Wide Association of Liver Methylation Patterns and Complex Metabolic Traits in Mice
Authors: Luz D Orozco, Marco Morselli, Liudmilla Rubbi, Weilong Guo, James Go, Huwenbo Shi, David Lopez, Nicholas A Furlotte, Brian J Bennett, Charles R Farber, Anatole Ghazalpour, Michael Q Zhang, Renata Bahous, Rima Rozen, Aldons J Lusis, Matteo Pellegrini
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Immunoglobulin G subclasses and spirometry in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: S O'Keeffe, A Gzel, R Drury, M Cullina, J Greally, P Finnegan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1991)

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclass levels were measured in 58 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and in 125 healthy controls. Total IgG values were significantly lower in the 27 COPD patients on steroid therapy compared with patients not taking steroids (8.31 (0.14) vs 9.80 (0.14), p less than 0.05), geometric mean (log SD). Total IgG (9.80 (0.14) vs 12.18 (0.16), p less than 0.005), IgG1 (5.87 (0.19) vs 6.68 (0.12), p less than 0.05) and IgG2 levels (2.75 (0.21) vs 3.70 (0.20), p less than 0.005) were significantly reduced in the COPD patients not taking steroids compared with the controls. IgG3 values were significantly elevated in smokers compared with nonsmokers in both the control and COPD groups. Fifteen COPD patients (25.9%) had a low level of one or more subclasses. IgG2 subclass deficiency was the most common, being present in 9 patients. A significant correlation was found between forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and IgG2 subclass levels (r = 0.415; p less than 0.005). IgG subclass deficiencies may contribute to the development and progression of respiratory disease in COPD patients.
Bone strength index in adolescent girls: does physical activity make a difference? * Commentary
Authors: D A Greene, G A Naughton, J N Briody, A Kemp, H Woodhead, L Corrigan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Background: Bone strength index (BSI) combines bone mineral and bone biomechanical properties to measure resistance to bending. This index may have greater clinical significance than the more often described markers of bone mineral content (BMC), areal density, or geometry alone and, in turn, may show a stronger relation to fracture risk. The BSI is the product of volumetric cortical bone mineral density (BMD) and cross sectional moment of inertia within a region of interest. Calculations combine dual energy x ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging technologies and provide a useful, non-invasive measure of in vivo bone strength. Objectives: ( a ) To compare BSI in adolescent female middle distance runners and age matched controls; ( b ) to examine factors predictive of BSI in adolescent girls. Methods: Twenty adolescent female middle distance runners (mean (SD) age 16 (1.7) years, physical activity 8.9 (2.1) hours a week) and 20 female controls (age 16 (1.8) years, physical activity 2.0 (0.07) hours a week) were recruited. To calculate BSI, a region of interest representing 10% of the mid-distal tibia was analysed for dual energy x ray absorptiometry derived BMC and was combined with bone geometry and biomechanical properties obtained by magnetic resonance imaging assessments. Potential predictors of BSI were also examined. Results: Independent t tests showed that BMC (p = 0.028), cortical bone volume (p = 0.002), volumetric cortical BMD (p = 0.004), cross sectional moments of inertia (p = 0.005), and BSI (p = 0.002) were higher in the distal tibia of athletes than of controls. The strongest predictor of BSI was hours of physical activity a week ( R 2 = 0.46). Conclusions: Athletes habitually exposed to high training loads displayed greater BSI at the distal tibia than controls. The results further confirm BSI as a significant and discerning marker in musculoskeletal health in adolescent girls engaged in high and low mechanical loading.
Making a Difference in Surgery Residency Programs
Authors: John L. Tarpley, Walter E. Smalley
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

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