tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of home ventilation on survival: Comparison in obstructive and restrictive diseases
Authors: Lamia Ouanes-Besbes, Saoussen BenAbdallah, Islem Ouanes, Fahmi Dachraoui, Fekri Abroug
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Home ventilation proved effective in prolonging life in patients suffering from restrictive respiratory disease. It has recently been proposed in obstructive disease especially in patients with frequent exacerbations. We report in this study our experience with home ventilation emphasizing its impact on survival in obstructive compared to restrictive patients.

Patients and methods : Starting from 2005, 82 patients (50% males, mean age: 62±15 years) were prescribed home ventilation via facial/nasal mask and included in the present analysis. A survival analysis with LogRank test was made after a mean follow-up of 29±16 months.

Results : 48 patients had obstructive disease either isolated (n=20), or associated with obstructive sleep apnea (Overlap syndrome, n=28). The remaining 34 had restrictive pulmonary disease (mainly myopathy). At time of censoring, 70 patients were still alive. There was no statistical difference in cumulated survival between obstructive and restrictive patients (LogRank= 0.3).

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CONCLUSION : Our study shows similar survival patterns with home ventilation in obstructive and restrictive respiratory failure. The impact on quality of life should be compared too.

 [1]: pending:yes
Hospital admission in adults with asthma exacerbations: Do demographic factors play a role?
Authors: Eleanor Gerada, Josef Micallef, Richard Pullicino, Mariana Gauci, Steven Montefort
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim:  To determine whether demography affects hospitalisation in asthma exacerbations in adults.   Methods:  We included 100 asthmatics admitted with an acute exacerbation over 14 months; matched for age and sex with a 100 well-controlled asthmatics from asthma clinic. Information on sociodemographic variables, clinical and laboratory data was collected. Acute and convalescent (at 6 weeks) titres of serum immunoglobulin E (Se Ig E) and serum eosinophil count were taken. SPSS was used for statistical analysis.   Results:   The study population was 73% female and the median age was 49 years. Univariate analysis using t-test and Chi-square showed a significant difference in compliance (p   Conclusions:    A history of previous hospitalisation, non-compliance and smoking are significant risk factors for asthma exacerbations requiring hospital admission. An increased eosinophil count correlates with severity of exacerbation.
A resistor infection in intensive care unit: Enterococci
Authors: Muhammed Emin Akkoyunlu, Yasemin Akkoyunlu, Turan Aslan, Mehmet Bayram, Hatice Özçelik, Fatmanur Karaköse, Ersan Atahan, Murat Sezer, Levent Kart
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

AIM:  Nosocomial infections at intensive care units are serious problems because of antibiotic resistance and negative affect on mortality. The aim of our study is to evaluate intensive care unit (ICU) acquired infections due to Enterococcus spp.   METHOD:  Three hundred sixty-three patients who stayed more than 48 hours in ICU between 1 January-31 December 2011 were evaluated retrospectively.   RESULTS:  twenty patients developed 31 infection attacks due to Enterococcus spp. During this 1 year period. The mean age of patients was 73.5± 10.9. Enterococcus spp. yielded at patients9 blood (n:22,%71), catheter (n:6,%19.4), tracheal aspiration material (n:2, % 6.5) and urine (n:1, % 3.2) culture. Among these causative agents 20 of them (% 64.5) had penicilinle resistance and 2 of them (n:%6.5) had vancomycine resistance. Overall mortality rate was %37 (n: 135), whereas the mortality rate of patients infected with Enterococcus spp. was %70.4 (n:19). Two cases who were infected with vancomycine resistant Enterococcus (VRE) died   CONCLUSION:  Infection with enterococcus spp. increases mortality rates. Especially presence of vancomycine resitance, antibiotherapy choices get narrowed and leads to increases in mortality rates.
Oral health and some risk factors in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Seda Mete, Yasemin Gokdemir, Sertac Peker, Bulent Karadag, Betul Kargul
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the most common genetic diseases worldwide. Previous studies on patients with CF have reported variable dental caries prevalence and physicochemical properties of saliva. The aim of this study was to investigate prevalence of dental caries and the relation with treatment, salivary flow rate, buffering capacity in children with CF compared with healthy peers.  A cross-sectional observational survey was undertaken in children attending outpatient clinic. Study population included 30 children with CF (mean age 10.2±4.8 years), compared with a control group of 30 healthy children (mean age 9.9±1.4 years). Mean saliva pH was 7.25±0.45 for CF children and 7.45±0.34 for control (p=0.57). Mean salivary flow rate of the CF children was 1.30±0.7ml⁄min. and 1.54±0.9 ml⁄min for the control group (p=0.09). And the mean buffering capacity was 8.47±2.7 for CF children and 8.20±1.58 for control (p=0.64). Among the group of children with CF, with 23% of children being caries free. DMFT (Decay Missing Filled Teeth) was 4.6±4.0 in CF children and 7.7±2.7 in control children (p=0.001). Of all CF children, 60% CF brush their teeth once a day. Most of CF children 26(86%) start to brush teeth after 2 years of age.  Although CF is a serious systemic chronic disease of childhood, buffering capacity of saliva seems to be higher than control group. Related to this characteristic of saliva, DMFT score of CF children were found to be lower than healthy group.
NF-κB and AKT signaling prevent DNA damage in transformed pre-B cells by suppressing RAG1/2 expression and activity
Authors: Katarina Ochodnicka-Mackovicova, Mahnoush Bahjat, Timon A. Bloedjes, Chiel Maas, Alexander M. de Bruin, Richard J. Bende, Carel J. M. van Noesel, Jeroen E. J. Guikema
Journal: Blood (2015)
The effects of anti-angiogenic therapy on the formation of radiation-induced microbleeds in normal brain tissue of patients with glioma
Authors: Janine M. Lupo, Annette M. Molinaro, Emma Essock-Burns, Nicholas Butowski, Susan M. Chang, Soonmee Cha, Sarah J. Nelson
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Radiotherapy (RT) is an integral component in managing patients with glioma, but the damage it may cause to healthy brain tissue and quality of life is of concern. Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) is highly sensitive to the detection of microbleeds that occur years after RT. This study's goals were to characterize the evolution of radiation-induced microbleeds in normal-appearing brain and determine whether the administration of an anti-angiogenic agent altered this process. Serial high-resolution SWI was acquired on 17 patients with high-grade glioma between 8 months and 4.5 years posttreatment with RT and adjuvant chemotherapy. Nine of these patients were also treated with the anti-angiogenic agent enzastaurin. Microbleeds were identified as discrete foci of susceptibility not corresponding to vessels, tumor, or postoperative infarct, and counted in normal-appearing brain. Analysis of covariance was performed to compare slopes of regression of individual patients' microbleed counts over time, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests examined significant differences in rates of microbleed formation between groups, and linear and quadratic mixed-effects models were employed. The number of microbleeds increased with time for all patients, with initial onset occurring at 8–22 months. No microbleeds disappeared once formed. The average rate of microbleed formation significantly increased after 2 years post-RT (P < .001). Patients receiving anti-angiogenic therapy exhibited fewer microbleeds overall (P < .05) and a significant reduction in initial rate of microbleed appearance (P = .01). We have demonstrated a dramatic increase in microbleed formation after 2 years post-RT that was decelerated by the concomitant administration of anti-angiogenic therapy, which may aid in determining brain regions susceptible to RT.
Airway smooth muscle expresses mesenchymal stem cell marker Stro-1 in asthma
Authors: Nadia S. Brienza, Óscar Amor-Carro, Teresa Bigorra, Oriol Sibila, Vicente Plaza, Antolín López-Viña, Carlos Martínez-Rivera, Alfons Torrego, David Ramos-Barbón
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)s have immunomodulatory properties and reduce airway inflammation in experimental asthma. However, potential uses of MSCs for asthma therapies are challenged by the evidence that airway smooth muscle remodeling may in part occur through the recruitment and differentiation of fibrocytes, a bone marrow-derived progenitor cell of myeloid lineage. Aims and objectives: Here we tested if Stro-1, a marrow stromal MSC marker not expressed by hematopoietic cells, is present in airway smooth muscle. Methods: Bronchial biopsies from severe asthmatics (n=8) and non-asthmatic controls (n=4) were immunostained using monoclonal mouse IgM Stro-1 clone. Airway smooth muscle mass was measured as smooth muscle surface area, digitally extracted from hematoxylin & eosin stained sections, referenced to biopsy area (dimensionless). Data analysis was done with Mann-Whitney's U test. Results: Asthmatics had increased airway smooth muscle mass (0.68 ± 0.04 versus 0.24 ± 0.02 for controls, mean ± standard error, P = 0.007). Stro-1, present in airway smooth muscle as spotted antigen clusters, was increased in asthmatics (2.37 ± 0.76 versus 0.25 ± 0.14, clusters/mm2, P = 0.028). Conclusions: The data suggest that different progenitor cell populations may be recruited during airway smooth muscle remodeling in asthma, and cells of stromal MSC origin may be involved. Further research and solid preclinical development are warranted for MSC-based asthma therapies.

Funded by FIS, SEPAR, FUCAP.
Comparative Study of Latent Carcinoma of the Prostate Among Japanese in Japan and Hawaii 2
Authors: Kaneyoshi Akazaki, Grant N. Stemmermann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Comparative Study of Latent Carcinoma of the Prostate Among Japanese in Japan and Hawaii Get access Kaneyoshi Akazaki, Kaneyoshi Akazaki Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; and Kuakini Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Grant N. Stemmermann Grant N. Stemmermann Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan; and Kuakini Hospital, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 5, May 1973, Pages 1137–1144, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.5.1137 Published: 01 May 1973 Article history Received: 10 October 1972 Accepted: 12 January 1973 Published: 01 May 1973
Risk Factors for Severe Neuropsychiatric Toxicity in Patients Receiving Interferon Alfa-2b and Low-Dose Cytarabine for Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia: Analysis of Cancer and Leukemia Group B 9013
Authors: Martee L. Hensley, Bercedis Peterson, Richard T. Silver, Richard A. Larson, Charles A. Schiffer, Ted P. Szatrowski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: Recombinant interferon alfa-2b (rIFNα2b) is a standard therapy for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Severe neuropsychiatric toxicity has been described in patients receiving rIFNα2b, although the frequency of and the risk factors for developing this toxicity are not well described. The purpose of this study was to identify predictors for the development of severe neuropsychiatric toxicity in CML patients receiving rIFNα2b-based therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From a prospective cohort of 91 Philadelphia chromosome–positive, previously untreated, chronic-phase CML patients treated on Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) 9013, a phase II trial of rIFNα2b plus cytarabine, the following were recorded at baseline: age, sex, race, pretreatment history of neurologic or psychiatric diagnosis, spleen size, blood counts, and peripheral blast count. Best response to treatment, rIFNα2b cumulative dose, dose duration, and dose-intensity were recorded during follow-up. Severe neuropsychiatric toxicity was defined as grade 3 or 4 events, according to CALGB expanded common toxicity criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify variables that were associated with the development of severe neuropsychiatric toxicity. RESULTS: Severe neuropsychiatric toxicity developed in 22 patients (24.0%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 15.2% to 32.8%). Toxicity resolved after withdrawal of treatment in all patients. Five of six patients developed recurrence of symptoms with rechallenge. Twelve (63%) of 19 patients with a pretreatment neurologic or psychiatric diagnosis developed severe neuropsychiatric toxicity, as compared with 10 (14%) of 72 patients without a pretreatment neurologic or psychiatric diagnosis (P = .001), resulting in a relative risk of 4.55 (95% CI, 2.33 to 8.88) for developing severe neuropsychiatric toxicity. No other variables were independently associated with the development of neuropsychiatric toxicity. CONCLUSION: CML patients with a pretreatment history of a neurologic or psychiatric diagnosis are at significantly increased risk of developing severe neuropsychiatric toxicity during therapy with rIFNα2b plus cytarabine. Monitoring for neuropsychiatric symptoms and avoiding rechallenge are recommended measures for such patients receiving rIFNα2b-based therapy.
The development of the upper respiratory microbiome on infancy and the dysbiosis related with wheezing syndrome and health on children from the rural tropics of Ecuador
Authors: Paul Cardenas, Philip Cooper, Miriam Moffatt, William Cookson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The hygiene hypothesis has identified a relationship between living in rural areas and the acquisition of protective environmental factors against the development of asthma and atopy. In a previous pilot study carried out on a population living in the rural tropics of Ecuador, we found a correlation between particular bacterial species and early onset wheezing in infants (Cardenas et al. 2012). We extended this investigation and carried out a larger retrospective time series study.  Methods: We performed pyrosequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene from oropharyngeal samples from 109 infants with episodic wheezing and 156 controls at different ages (7, 12 and 24 months). Bioinformatic analysis were conducted with QIIME.  Results: Significant differences between cases and controls were found for the Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria. A significant increase in potential pathogenic bacteria (Neisseriacea, Haemophilus, Sthaphylococcus) was found in cases whilst a higher prevalence of Veillonella spp. was seen in controls. When age was considered differences were found in the microbial flora present (alpha diversity Shannon index).  Conclusions: The respiratory microbiota is different at phyla, genera and OTUs levels when comparing between wheezing and healthy children. A progressive more complex respiratory microbial community develops with age.
Data on leisure accidents and injuries should be collated centrally
Authors: S. O'Driscoll, H. Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1996)

develop the disease when old: crudely, we now have six annual cohorts of 1 year olds but only one annual cohort of 6 year olds.Assuming that the diagnoses for cows born after the ban were made between January 1990 and October 1995, I have calculated the number of annual cohorts of calves implicit in each age group of such diagnoses (table 1).The final column of the table then lists by age the number of diagnoses per annual cohort.These figures are thus equivalent to the column for the single year 1989.The age structure of diagnoses can indeed be seen to have changed little.What is surprising, however, is that the incidence of the disease increased substantially after the ban.Among 5 year olds, for example, 1874 of those born in 1984 were affected; this figure increased to roughly 4353 of those born in 1989.Perhaps the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food could supply the exact figures.
Aflatoxin B1 Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Embryos of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri)234
Authors: J. H. Wales, R. O. Sinnhuber, J. D. Hendricks, J. E. Nixon, T. A. Eisele
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Aflatoxin B1 Induction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Embryos of Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) Get access J. H. Wales, J. H. Wales Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. O. Sinnhuber, R. O. Sinnhuber 6 6Address reprint requests to: Dr. Sinnhuber. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. D. Hendricks, J. D. Hendricks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Nixon, J. E. Nixon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. A. Eisele T. A. Eisele Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 5, May 1978, Pages 1133–1139, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.5.1133 Published: 01 May 1978 Article history Received: 29 August 1977 Accepted: 28 November 1977 Published: 01 May 1978
Sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory among patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Rajendra H Mehta, Kishore J Harjai, Lorelei Grines, Gregg W Stone, Judy Boura, David Cox, William O'Neill, Cindy L Grines
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Expression of c-mpl mRNA, the receptor for thrombopoietin, in acute myeloid leukemia blasts identifies a group of patients with poor response to intensive chemotherapy.
Authors: M Wetzler, M R Baer, S H Bernstein, L Blumenson, C Stewart, M Barcos, K Mrózek, A W Block, G P Herzig, C D Bloomfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE c-mpl, the human homolog of v-mpl, is the receptor for thrombopoietin. Given that c-mpl expression carries an adverse prognosis in myelodysplastic syndrome and given the prognostic significance of expression of other growth factor receptors in other diseases, we attempted to determine whether c-mp/mRNA expression is a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). PATIENTS AND METHODS We analyzed bone marrow samples from 45 newly diagnosed AML patients by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Samples from 27 patients (60%) expressed c-mpl mRNA (c-mpl+); their clinical and laboratory features were compared with those of the 18 patients without detectable levels of c-mpl(c-mpl-). No significant differences in age, sex, leukocyte count, French-American-British subtype, or karyotype group were found. c-mpl+ patients more commonly had secondary AML (41% v 11%; P = .046) and more commonly expressed CD34 (67% v 12%; P = .0004). There was no significant difference in complete remission (CR) rate. However, c-mpl+ patients had shorter CR durations (P = .008; median, 6.0 v &gt; 17.0 months). This was true when only de novo AML patients were considered and when controlling for age, cytogenetics, or CD34 expression. There was a trend toward shorter survival in c-mpl+ patients (P = .058; median, 7.8 v 9.0 months). CONCLUSION These data suggest that c-mpl expression is an adverse prognostic factor for treatment outcome in adult AML that must be considered in the analysis of clinical studies using thrombopoietin in AML.
Decreasing level of serum ADA: A valuable predictor of treatment in smear positive tuberculosis
Authors: Kazem Navari, Tasnim Eqbal Eftekhaari, Najme Ziaee, Farzaneh Navari
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: High titer of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in pleural effusion is an indicator of pleural tuberculosis and necessity of treatment initiation. On the other hand high serum titer of ADA is a characteristic of tuberculosis, and is used for treatment follow up in patient on standard antituberculosis regimen. Decreasing level of ADA could be a predictor of treatment response.

Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out on 29 patients from Sep 2007 till Dec 2010. All of the tuberculosis patients included had a positive sputum smear or positive biopsy or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). ESR and ADA were checked for these patients in treatment initiation, 30th and 60th day of treatment. According to ADA diagnostic kit values, ADA more than 15 is high.

Results: Mean age of the patients was 38.9 years. Mean ADA before therapy was 19.31 which gradually decreased to 12.37 (on day 30th) and 11 (day 60th). Mean ESR before initiation of therapy was 65 which decreased gradually to 38.66 (day 30th) and finally 23.28. Male patients were 55.2%, 82.8% suffered from pulmonary TB. Comparison of ADA and ESR at the end of therapy showed a significant difference (p=0.000). Mean ADA (60th day) in males was 11.18±1.60 and in females were 10.76±0.42. Mean ESR (60th day) in males was 25.50±5.48 and in females was 23.00±2.02

Conclusion: Decreasing level of serum ADA is a valuable and reliable predictor in successful treatment of tuberculosis.
Commentary on “Effect of a multistage ultra-endurance triathlon on body composition: World Challenge Deca Iron Triathlon 2006Effect of a multistage ultra-endurance triathlon on body composition: World Challenge Deca Iron Triathlon 2006”
Authors: Christoph Josef Raschka
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2008)

The effect of an ultra-triathlon (10 Ironman triathlon distances in 10 days) on eight athletes (mean age 40.6 years, mean BMI …
The effect of synovial tissue volume shrinking on pain relief for knee osteoarthritis was overestimated or not?
Authors: Jie Wei, Chao Zeng, Guang-hua Lei
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

We read with deep interest the article by O’Neill et al 1 aimed to examine whether synovitis changes following intra-articular steroid therapy. This open-label trial indicated that synovial tissue volume (STV) in knee osteoarthritis (OA) shrinks following steroid therapy and rebounds in those whose pain relapses. Thus, the authors thought that STV can be considered as a treatment target in symptomatic knee OA. We really appreciate the work that was done by the authors. The results supported the potential role of targeted therapies for synovitis in the treatment of knee OA, especially for pain relief. However, there are some worthwhile issues that need to be explored.

The authors reported that pain decreased following steroid injection, as did mean STV, and most of the patients whose pain relapsed suffered from increased STV. …