tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 283: Hands-off Time During Lay Rescuer Basic Life Support Remains High After a Standard Basic Life Support Course
Authors: Michael Mueller, Christian Rudolph, Cynthia Poenicke, Andre Eichelkraut, Norbert Papkalla, Susann Karg, Torsten Richter
Journal: Circulation (2014)

The current international guidelines for resuscitation recommend high quality chest compressions with minimal interruptions as important prerequisite for optimal survival after cardiac arrest. During the standard four hours BLS course of the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) the participants learn to provide chest compressions, ventilations and to use an automated external defibrillator. We know that lay rescuers are able to learn these skills. However, it is unclear whether lay rescuers manage to minimize interruptions of chest compressions. Objective: To evaluate the no-flow fraction (NFF) during lay rescuer BLS including chest compressions, ventilation and the use of an AED. Methods: 24 participants of a BLS/ AED course were assessed before (T1) and after (T2) the BLS training in a standardized scenario in pairs of 2 rescuers. We used a Resusci Anne Simulator manikin (Laerdal, Norway) and a Lifepak 1000 AED trainer device for the assessment. The scenario was an adult patient with cardiac arrest and persistent ventricular fibrillation (VF), duration of the scenario was 5 minutes. 28 lay persons served as control group and were assessed in pairs of 2 rescuers twice at the same day. Two-sided t-test was used to test differences between groups and between test scenarios (T1 vs. T2), p&lt;.05 was considered significant. Results: The NFF decreased from 0.68 ± 0.1 (before the course) to 0.5 ± 0.07 (after the course), p=.000. In the control group the NFF was 0.63 ± 0.1 (scenario 1) and 0.59 ± 0.14 (second scenario), p=.244. Conclusion: A standard BLS course reduces the interruptions of chest compressions during lay rescuer CPR. However, 50% of the scenario no chest compressions are given. Interruptions are mainly due to ventilations or related to the use of the AED. Further research is necessary to improve the BLS algorithm regarding reduction of interruptions.
Expression of immunologic genes in triple-negative and HER2-positive breast cancer in the neoadjuvant GEPARSIXTO trial: Prediction of response to carboplatin-based chemotherapy.
Authors: Carsten Denkert, Gunter Von Minckwitz, Jan C. Brase, Silvia Darb-Esfahani, Stephan Gade, Ralf Kronenwett, Christoph Salat, Sherene Loi, Christian Schem, Christos Sotiriou, Keyur Mehta, Peter Klare, Karin Fisch, Jens U. Blohmer, Hans Tesch, Sherko Kümmel, Kristin Krappmann, Manfred Dietel, Michael Untch, Sibylle Loibl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

510 Background: We have recently described tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) as predictors of pathological complete response (pCR = ypT0ypN0) to neoadjuvant carboplatin-based chemotherapy in the GeparSixto breast cancer (BC) trial. To further dissect the immunological status in tumor tissue we have evaluated a total of 12 immunologically relevant genes, including T-cell markers, B-cell markers, chemokines and immunoregulatory factors, in 481 pretherapeutic FFPE samples. Methods: GeparSixto investigated the addition of carboplatin to a doxorubicin/taxane combination in HER2-positive (HER2+) or triple-negative (TN) primary BC. Trastuzumab and lapatinib were added for HER2+ disease and bevacizumab for TN disease. Expression of 12 immunologically relevant genes (CXCL9, CCL5, CD8A, CD80, CXCL13, IGKC, CD21, IDO1, PD-1, PDL1, CTLA4, FOXP3) was evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR in 481 core biopsies. Results: All immune mRNA markers showed a strong positive correlation with each other and with the stromal lymphocyte infiltrate. Hierarchical clustering revealed three different immune-subtypes of tumors with different expression of immunological genes and different amounts of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. In the GeparSixto cohort all 12 immune markers were significantly linked to increased pCR rates in univariate analysis. 11 of the markers were also significant in multivariate analysis including clinical parameters. Some markers, such as CCL5, IDO1 and PDL1 provided predictive information even if controlled for TILs. CCL5, CD8A, CTLA4, IDO1 and PD1 showed a significant interaction with treatment (carboplatin vs. control) in the complete cohort. In TN disease CCL5 and CD8A provided predictive information for carboplatin response even after adjustment for TILs. Conclusions: Expression of immune marker mRNAs in BC is predictive for response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. In GeparSixto, these immunological parameters can be used in addition to TILs to identify patients with increased response rates to carboplatin. The results should be validated in other breast cancer trials evaluating carboplatin therapy.
Risk for Intracranial Hemorrhage after Tissue Plasminogen Activator Treatment for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jerry H. Gurwitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: The efficacy of thrombolytic therapy in reducing mortality from acute myocardial infarction has been unequivocally shown. However, thrombolysis is related to bleeding complications, including intracranial hemorrhage. Objective: To determine the frequency of and risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage after recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) given for acute myocardial infarction in patients receiving usual care. Design: Large national registry of patients who have had acute myocardial infarction. Setting: 1484 U.S. hospitals. Patients: 71 073 patients who had had acute myocardial infarction from 1 June 1994 to 30 September 1996, received tPA as the initial reperfusion strategy, and did not receive a second dose of any thrombolytic agent. Measurement: Intracranial hemorrhage confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Results: 673 patients (0.95%) were reported to have had intracranial hemorrhage during hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction; 625 patients (0.88%) had the event confirmed by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Of the 625 patients with confirmed intracranial hemorrhage, 331 (53%) died during hospitalization. An additional 158 patients (25.3%) who survived to hospital discharge had residual neurologic deficit. In multivariable models for the main effects of candidate risk factors, older age, female sex, black ethnicity, systolic blood pressure of 140 mm Hg or more, diastolic blood pressure of 100 mm Hg or more, history of stroke, tPA dose more than 1.5 mg/kg, and lower body weight were significantly associated with intracranial hemorrhage. Conclusions: Intracranial hemorrhage is a rare but serious complication of tPA in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Appropriate drug dosing may reduce the risk for this complication. Other therapies, such as primary coronary angioplasty, may be preferable in patients with acute myocardial infarction who have a history of stroke.
681. Non-Viral DNA and mRNA Gene Delivery to the CNS Pre-Operatively for Neuroprotection and Following Neurotrauma
Authors: James G. Hecker, Alice F. Tarantal, Michael H. Nantz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Introduction. The consequences of Central Nervous System (CNS) injury due to ischemic insult, stroke, or neurotrauma are so severe that novel methods of preventing or minimizing these deficits must be investigated. Gene delivery has the potential to provide both pre-operative neuroprotection before procedures with a predictable high risk, as well as an effective therapy after post-traumatic or ischemic CNS or spinal cord injury. Although viral methods are currently the predominant form of gene delivery, both DNA and mRNA can be delivered by non-viral, cationic lipid-mediated methods.
Abstract 4041: Involvement of Notch1 signaling pathway in medulloblastoma metastasis
Authors: Suzana A. Kahn, Sharareh Gholamin, Michael Zhang, Ryan Nitta, Irving Weissman, Siddhartha Mitra, Samuel Cheshier
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant brain tumor that originates in the cerebellum in children and spreads via the cerebrospinal fluid to the leptomeningeal spaces of the brain and of the spinal cord. MB is stratified into four distinct groups, according to genetic and clinical features, and patients from group 3 (also known as c-Myc-amplified group) have the highest risk of developing metastatic disease and, consequently, a poor prognosis. Treatment protocols involve surgery, craniospinal radiation, and high-dose chemotherapy, which frequently cause disabling neurotoxic effects in long-term survivors. We used MB cell lines and primary cells isolated from patients from the c-Myc-amplified group to develop a spontaneous spinal metastasis orthotopic xenograft model as a tool to understand the cellular determinants of leptomeningeal and spinal dissemination. Human cells isolated from the primary site tumors expressed 10 fold higher NICD1 (Notch1 Intracellular Domain), the active form of Notch1, than cells isolated from spinal metastatic sites (as quantified by western blot and imunohistochemistry), suggesting the downregulation of canonical Notch1 signaling pathway in MB metastasis. Moreover, flow cytometry analyses revealed that a higher percentage of cells isolated from metastatic sites expressed full-length surface Notch1 as compared to the primary site tumor. These differences cannot be explained by enrichment in the stem cell population at primary tumor sites, as we observed that MB cells isolated from primary tumors and metastatic sites exhibit equivalent self-renewal potential and express equivalent levels of CD133 and CD15. Our goal is to understand the role of notch in regulating medulloblastoma metastasis. Citation Format: Suzana A. Kahn, Sharareh Gholamin, Michael Zhang, Ryan Nitta, Irving Weissman, Siddhartha Mitra, Samuel Cheshier. Involvement of Notch1 signaling pathway in medulloblastoma metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4041. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4041
Complete Genome Sequences of the SARS-CoV: The BJ Group (Isolates BJ01-BJ04)
Authors: Shengli Bi, E’de Qin, Zuyuan Xu, Wei Li, Jing Wang, Yongwu Hu, Yong Liu, Shumin Duan, Jianfei Hu, Yujun Han, Jing Xu, Yan Li, Yao Yi, Yongdong Zhou, Wei Lin, Jie Wen, Hong Xu, Ruan Li, Zizhang Zhang, Haiyan Sun, Jingui Zhu, Man Yu, Baochang Fan, Qingfa Wu, Wei Lin, Lin Tang, Bao’an Yang, Guoqing Li, Wenming Peng, Wenjie Li, Tao Jiang, Yajun Deng, Bohua Liu, Jianping Shi, Yongqiang Deng, Wei Wei, Hong Liu, Zongzhong Tong, Feng Zhang, Yu Zhang, Cui’e Wang, Yuquan Li, Jia Ye, Yonghua Gan, Jia Ji, Xiaoyu Li, Xiangjun Tian, Fushuang Lu, Gang Tan, Ruifu Yang, Bin Liu, Siqi Liu, Songgang Li, Jun Wang, Jian Wang, Wuchun Cao, Jun Yu, Xiaoping Dong, Huanming Yang
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2003)

Beijing has been one of the epicenters attacked most severely by the SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) since the first patient was diagnosed in one of the city's hospitals. We now report complete genome sequences of the BJ Group, including four isolates (Isolates BJ01, BJ02, BJ03, and BJ04) of the SARS-CoV. It is remarkable that all members of the BJ Group share a common haplotype, consisting of seven loci that differentiate the group from other isolates published to date. Among 42 substitutions uniquely identified from the BJ group, 32 are non-synonymous changes at the amino acid level. Rooted phylogenetic trees, proposed on the basis of haplotypes and other sequence variations of SARS-CoV isolates from Canada, USA, Singapore, and China, gave rise to different paradigms but positioned the BJ Group, together with the newly discovered GD01 (GD-Ins29) in the same clade, followed by the H-U Group (from Hong Kong to USA) and the H-T Group (from Hong Kong to Toronto), leaving the SP Group (Singapore) more distant. This result appears to suggest a possible transmission path from Guangdong to Beijing/Hong Kong, then to other countries and regions.
Cyclosporin-induced flushing in a renal transplant recipient resolving after substitution with tacrolimus
Authors: H.M. Ramsay, P.N. Harden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Cyclosporin‐induced flushing in a renal transplant recipient resolving after substitution with tacrolimus Get access H.M. Ramsay, H.M. Ramsay Department of Dermatology, North Staffordshire Hospital, Central Outpatients Department, Hartshill Road, Stoke‐on‐Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7PA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.N. Harden P.N. Harden Department of Nephrology, Royal Infirmary, Princes Road, Hartshill, Stoke‐on‐Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7LN, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 4, 1 April 2000, Pages 832–833, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03447.x Published: 01 April 2000
Pro-choice group in Northern Ireland calls for legal abortion
Authors: Doug Payne
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A legal battle has been launched by 26 women in Northern Ireland to attempt to force the UK government to extend abortion rights to women in the province.

The 1967 Abortion Act—which grants full abortion rights to women in England, Scotland, and Wales—was never introduced in Northern Ireland. Instead, under a law dating back to 1928, …
Clinical picture and risk prediction of short‐term mortality in cardiogenic shock
Authors: Veli‐Pekka Harjola, Johan Lassus, Alessandro Sionis, Lars Køber, Tuukka Tarvasmäki, Jindrich Spinar, John Parissis, Marek Banaszewski, Jose Silva‐Cardoso, Valentina Carubelli, Salvatore Di Somma, Heli Tolppanen, Uwe Zeymer, Holger Thiele, Markku S Nieminen, Alexandre Mebazaa
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2015)
My most valuable lesson: A full examination is always useful
Authors: R. J A Murrin
Journal: BMJ (2000)

It happened two weeks ago. One of the patients attending the unit that day was a man who had received an allogeneic stem cell transplant nine months earlier. He presented with a 24 hour history of right sided chest pain which seemed to be temporally related to a recent bout of coughing.

The patient duly undressed to the waist and I performed a respiratory examination, starting with assessment of chest expansion. My gaze fixed in the direction of my thumbs, I detected no abnormality. Tracheal position central. Tactile vocal fremitus and percussion were normal over the anterior and lateral chest. Auscultation was unremarkable …
Addressing the mental health consequences of the Japan triple catastrophe
Authors: TSUYOSHI AKIYAMA
Journal: World Psychiatry (2011)

As E. Bromet points out, the current situation in Japan is the result of a triplet of catastrophes. The initial catastrophe, the earthquake itself, caused a certain amount of damage to buildings, but accounted for less than 10% of deaths. The second catastrophe of the tsunami swept away seashore areas and resulted in tremendous loss of life and property. The third and ongoing catastrophe, the nuclear power plant accident, will probably result in only minimal actual harm to physical health. However, it is definitely this last man-made catastrophe which will result in the longest-lasting damage to mental and public health. The whole world has vicariously been exposed to this distress. Phenomena reported in Three Mile Island and Chernobyl are already being observed in our country. We have seen confusing and contradictory information from authorities, inconsistent media reports, excessive reaction to risks, and distrust of the government. People are forced to evacuate and mental health infrastructures are lost. Exaggerated rumors of risk are harming the economy, people's mental health, and even human rights in the affected regions. We predict that somatic complaints, anxiety, post-traumatic stress, and depression will be elevated for a very substantial period, as suggested by Bromet. The Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology and the World Psychiatric Association are developing a joint intervention and research project, to be funded by the Japanese government, aiming to train general practitioners, obstetricians, gynecologists and pediatricians to recognize and address health anxiety related to actual or presumed exposure to radiation, as well as to identify the physical symptoms which can be actually related to radiation and those which cannot. Meanwhile, we are trying to contribute to: a) the establishment of factual risk information based on scientific evidence; b) the efficient dissemination of information, as risk/crisis communication, to the public through collaboration with stakeholders in administrative, media, education and economic areas; c) the provision of effective psychosocial support; d) psychological/psychiatric interventions, as required. We must mobilize our response using the full range of accumulated expertise of our organizations. We can do this, and we shall.
High resolution analysis of DNA copy number variation using comparative genomic hybridization to microarrays
Authors: Daniel Pinkel, Richard Segraves, Damir Sudar, Steven Clark, Ian Poole, David Kowbel, Colin Collins, Wen-Lin Kuo, Chira Chen, Ye Zhai, Shanaz H. Dairkee, Britt-marie Ljung, Joe W. Gray, Donna G. Albertson
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Hypertension and aldosterone levels in women with early-onset androgenetic alopecia
Authors: S. Arias-Santiago, M.T. Gutiérrez-Salmerón, A. Buendía-Eisman, M.S. Girón-Prieto, R. Naranjo-Sintes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Few studies have analysed the relationship between androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in women and cardiovascular disease. There is reported to be an elevated prevalence of hypertension among men with AGA, and it has been proposed that both phenomena may be explained by the presence of hyperaldosteronism. However, no data on blood pressure (BP) and aldosterone levels in women with AGA have been published to date.The objective of this study was to evaluate aldosterone levels and the presence of systolic and diastolic hypertension in women with early-onset AGA and in healthy controls.This case-control study included 40 women with AGA and 40 healthy controls from the Department of Dermatology of San Cecilio Hospital, Granada, Spain.Patients with AGA showed significantly higher systolic BP values (139.43 vs. 107.80 mmHg; P < 0.0001), diastolic BP values (87.65 vs. 67.48 mmHg; P < 0.0001) and aldosterone levels (249.55 vs. 155.14 pg mL(-1); P = 0.002) vs. controls, respectively. A positive correlation between aldosterone levels and systolic and diastolic BP values is described.A higher prevalence of hypertension in women with AGA has been found. The elevated aldosterone values in these patients may contribute, alongside other mechanisms, to the development of AGA and may also explain the higher prevalence of hypertension. BP screening of women with AGA will permit earlier diagnosis of an unsuspected hypertension and initiation of appropriate treatment.
Secretion of cytokines (interleukins-1 alpha, -3, and -6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) by normal human bone marrow megakaryocytes
Authors: C Wickenhauser, J Lorenzen, J Thiele, A Hillienhof, K Jungheim, B Schmitz, ML Hansmann, R Fischer
Journal: Blood (1995)
The Little Nurse
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Full-Body CT Scans Scale Up Cancer Risk
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The health effects of oilseed rape: myth or reality?
Authors: W. Hemmer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Oilseed rape ( Brassica napus ) has been cultivated without problems for centuries, and public suspicion that oilseed rape might have an adverse effect on health arose only when the acreage of this crop rapidly increased in the 1980s—and only in Britain. Responding to this concern, the British Medical Research Council's Institute of Environment and Health examined the problem at an experts' meeting in 1996 and has recently published an annotated review on the allergenicity and irritancy of oilseed rape.1 Although not drawing final conclusions, this report may help both the practising doctor and the scientist by providing clearcut statements on what we do and don't know. Essentially the report shows that there is evidence of health effects associated with the cultivation of oilseed rape but no convincing evidence that rape is a cause of widespread disease or ill health in the general population.

Several studies show that pollen from oilseed rape is allergenic,2-6 but data on the incidence of sensitisation are highly conflicting. High figures reported in two early …
Siklooksijenaz-2 İnhibitörlerinin Gastrointestinal Güvenilirliği: Bir Cochrane Kollaborasyonu Sistemik Derlemesi
Authors: Alaa Rostom, Katherine Muir, Catherine Dubé, Emilie Jolicoeur, Michel Boucher, Janet Joyce, Peter Tugwell, Calgary, Alberta, Nova Scotia, Canada
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2007)