tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Review: Vibration testing and monofilament testing are most accurate for diagnosing large-fiber peripheral neuropathy in diabetes
Authors: David R. Gutknecht
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club19 October 2010Review: Vibration testing and monofilament testing are most accurate for diagnosing large-fiber peripheral neuropathy in diabetesDavid R. Gutknecht, MDDavid R. Gutknecht, MDGeisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA (D.R.G.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-8-201010190-02010 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationKanji JN, Anglin RE, Hunt DL, Panju A. Does this patient with diabetes have large-fiber peripheral neuropathy? JAMA. 2010;303:1526-32. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20407062Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Endocrinology: Neurology: References1 Crawford F, Inkster M, Kleijnen J, Fahey T. Predicting foot ulcers in patients with diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. QJM. 2007;100:65-86. [PMID: 17277315] Google Scholar2 Leese GP, Morris AD. Prediction of diabetic foot ulcer occurrence using commonly available clinical information: response to Boyko et al [Letter]. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2562-3. [PMID: 17065710] Google Scholar3 Singh N, Armstrong DG, Lipsky BA. Preventing foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. JAMA. 2005;293:217-28. [PMID: 15644549] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA (D.R.G.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 October 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 October 2010Volume 153, Issue 8Page: JC4-10KeywordsAnklesMusclesNeuropathyPerceptionPeripheral neuropathyReflexesTemperatureUlcersVision ePublished: 19 October 2010 Issue Published: 19 October 2010 CopyrightCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Metastatic Melanoma With Multiple Small Bowel Intussusceptions
Authors: John Slaby, Uma Suri
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 53-year-old man with a history of melanoma resected from the left ear 2 years ago that subsequently metastasized to brain, liver, and lung presented with new onset of fever, anemia, and emesis. He had a history of headaches, weakness and seizures status postradiation, and chemotherapy for brain metastasis. Abdomen and pelvis CT was obtained to further evaluate the fever, nausea, vomiting, and anemia. This revealed nonobstructive small bowel intussusceptions in the right and left lower quadrants. The patient continued to have worsening abdominal pain and FDG PET CT was obtained 1 month later to further evaluate the metastatic lesions. The PET CT revealed multiple new small bowel intussusceptions throughout the abdomen and pelvis that are intensely hypermetabolic, most consistent with small bowel metastatic lesions serving as lead points for the intussusceptions.
Outcomes in patients requiring bail-out abciximab during primary intervention in acute myocardial infarction: Analysis from the CADILLAC trial
Authors: Dale T. Ashby, James E. Tcheng, Cindy L. Grines, David A. Cox, Roxana Mehran, Martin P. Fahy, Eulogio Garcia, John J. Griffin, Giulio Guagliumi, Thomas D. Stuckey, Mark Turco, Alexandra J. Lansky, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Molecular signatures of antibody responses derived from a systems biology study of five human vaccines
Authors: Shuzhao Li, Nadine Rouphael, Sai Duraisingham, Sandra Romero-Steiner, Scott Presnell, Carl Davis, Daniel S Schmidt, Scott E Johnson, Andrea Milton, Gowrisankar Rajam, Sudhir Kasturi, George M Carlone, Charlie Quinn, Damien Chaussabel, A Karolina Palucka, Mark J Mulligan, Rafi Ahmed, David S Stephens, Helder I Nakaya, Bali Pulendran
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Number Needed to Treat
Authors: Adam Possner
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Homing efficiency, cell cycle kinetics, and survival of quiescent and cycling human CD34+ cells transplanted into conditioned NOD/SCID recipients
Authors: Anna Jetmore, P. Artur Plett, Xia Tong, Frances M. Wolber, Robert Breese, Rafat Abonour, Christie M. Orschell-Traycoff, Edward F. Srour
Journal: Blood (2002)
Association of human herpesvirus 6 reactivation with the flaring and severity of drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome
Authors: M. Tohyama, K. Hashimoto, M. Yasukawa, H. Kimura, T. Horikawa, K. Nakajima, Y. Urano, K. Matsumoto, M. Iijima, N.H. Shear
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is an adverse reaction with clinical signs of fever, rash and internal organ involvement. In the vast majority of patients in Japan, the causative drugs for DIHS are limited to the following eight: carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, zonisamide, mexiletine, dapsone, salazosulfapyridine and allopurinol. The association of human herpesvirus (HHV)-6 reactivation with DIHS has been reported by various groups.To confirm the relationship between the flaring and severity of DIHS and HHV-6 reactivation.We evaluated 100 patients with drug rash and systemic symptom(s) caused by the drugs associated with DIHS. HHV-6 reactivation was examined by serological antibody assay and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay of serial serum samples.Anti-HHV-6 IgG titres increased in 62 of 100 patients, 14-28 days after the onset of symptoms. These patients suffered from severe organ involvement and a prolonged course compared with 38 patients showing no reactivation of HHV-6. Significant amounts of HHV-6 DNA were detected in serum samples from 18 of the 62 patients. Flaring of symptoms such as fever and hepatitis was closely related to HHV-6 reactivation in these 18 patients. It should be emphasized that all five patients with fatal outcome and 10 patients with renal failure were in the HHV-6 reactivation group.A combination of immunological reaction to a drug and HHV-6 reactivation results in the severe course of DIHS. The demonstration of HHV-6 reactivation is a useful marker of diagnosis as well as prognosis in DIHS.
Approach to the Patient with Cholestatic Jaundice
Authors: Bruce F. Scharschmidt, Henry I. Goldberg, Rudi Schmid
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

On the basis of clinical evaluation, the physician should decide whether extrahepatic biliary obstruction is highly unlikely, possible, or very likely. If it is highly unlikely, no further workup for obstruction is indicated unless the clinical picture is altered on follow-up examination. Further evaluation of the biliary tree is warranted in other patients. Ultrasonography is currently the noninvasive imaging technique of first choice. Computed tomography is indicated if ultrasonography has yielded technically inadequate results or in special circumstances when it is anticipated that decisions regarding further diagnostic evaluation or treatment will be importantly influenced by the results. Negative findings obtained in a technically adequate examination may represent a logical stopping point in the workup of patients in whom obstruction is considered merely a possibility to be excluded, but they should not dissuade the clinician from further diagnostic evaluation if obstruction is considered very likely. Indeed, in selected circumstances, such as cases in which choledocholithiasis is suspected after cholecystectomy, direct cholangiography is appropriate as an initial test. If evidence of obstruction is obtained by noninvasive imaging, direct cholangiography will be required in many patients before treatment, and the choice between percutaneous or retrograde cholangiography should be made on an individual basis. The challenge to the clinician is to minimize the risk, expense, and time involved in obtaining sufficient information for a definitive diagnosis and treatment.
Human tissue engineered products--drugs or devices?
Authors: A. Faulkner
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The new Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) came into existence in the United Kingdom on 1 April 2003. The new agency is the result of the merger of the Medicines Control Agency and the Medical Devices Agency, which have statutory responsibility for the regulation of medicines and medical devices. The merged body does not have new powers and leaves the existing statutory basis of regulation unchanged. Systems of licensing medicines and the control of medical devices will continue as before, but the merger is seen in the Department of Health as strengthening public protection in the context of “growing numbers of products that cross the borderline between medicines and devices.”1 The regulatory status of borderline technologies is uncertain, and acknowledgement of this is highly important for the control of regenerative medicine.
The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Authors: B. Houghton, J. Bothmer
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetics of Variation in HDL Cholesterol in Humans and Mice
Authors: Xiaosong Wang, Beverly Paigen
Journal: Circulation Research (2005)

Plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations are genetically determined to a great extent, and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis has been used to identify chromosomal regions containing genes regulating HDL-C levels. We discuss new genes found to participate in HDL metabolism. We also summarize 37 mouse and 30 human QTLs for plasma HDL-C levels, finding that all but three of the mouse QTLs have been confirmed by a second cross or a homologous human QTL, that the mouse QTL map is almost saturated because 92% of recently reported QTLs are repeats of those already found, and that 28 of the 30 human QTLs are located in regions homologous to mouse QTLs. This high degree of concordance between mouse and human QTLs suggests that the underlying genes may be the same. Strategies to more rapidly identify genes underlying mouse and human QTLs for HDL-C include focusing on the mouse and using mouse-human homologies, combining crosses, and haplotyping to narrow the region. Sequence analysis and expression studies can distinguish candidate genes consistent across multiple mouse crosses, and testing the candidate genes in human association studies can provide additional evidence for the candidacy of a gene. Together these strategies can accelerate the pace of finding genes that regulate HDL.
Abnormality of calmodulin activity in hypertension. Evidence of the presence of an activator.
Authors: S L Huang, Y I Wen, D B Kupranycz, S C Pang, G Schlager, P Hamet, J Tremblay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

An apparent increase of calmodulin (CaM) activity was previously observed in the heart and kidney but not in the liver of spontaneously-hypertensive rats (SHR) and mice compared with their corresponding normotensive controls. As this change was due to an elevated recovery of CaM in the organs of the hypertensive animals, the present study was designed to evaluate its activity in hypertension. A CaM activator, detected in heart and kidney supernatants from hypertensive animals, was found to be responsible for this enhanced recovery. Similar results were obtained with passaged, cultured aortic smooth muscle cells from SHR, indicating that the anomaly was not a mere consequence of elevated blood pressure but rather a genetic expression of cells of hypertensive origin. The activator was heat stable, nondialyzable, and recovered in the fraction precipitated with 30-50% ammonium sulfate. Preliminary extraction studies suggest that the activator is contained in a glycolipid fraction. The stimulation of phosphodiesterase by this activator was calcium and CaM dependent. The activator appears to affect the affinity of the phosphodiesterase for CaM rather than the maximal stimulation. The activator was also present at a low concentration in the heart and kidney of normotensive animals. These findings indicate that at least some of the calcium abnormalities implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension could be the result of interactions between CaM, calcium, and this activator.
Recognition of Mucin by the Adhesin-Flagellar System of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>
Authors: Reuben Ramphal, Shiwani K. Arora, Bruce W. Ritchings
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonizes the mucus of patients with chronic lung diseases by a specific mechanism involving an adhesin-receptor system. Several adhesins have been implicated in the adhesion of P. aeruginosa to cells, but the identity of the principal adhesin(s) involved in adhesion to mucin is unknown. Mutagenesis studies have indicated that P. aeruginosa adhesion is under the control of the rpoN gene, which also regulates pilin synthesis, flagellum formation, and other functions. Mutagenesis of certain flagellar genes that are not controlled by RpoN,e.g., fliF, also indicates a close relationship between adhesion and flagellar genes and not necessarily an independent effect of rpoN on adhesion. Mutants of certain early flagellar genes lead to the loss of both adhesion and motility, whereas mutants of certain late genes, e.g., fliC, the gene for flagellin, lose motility but retain adhesion. Recent studies indicate that both motility and adhesion are regulated by a two-component regulatory system called fleS-R, which in turn is controlled by another regulator in a cascade that involves rpoN. A fleR mutant possessing pili adheres poorly to mucins, definitively showing that pili do not play a major role in adhesion to mucin. It is unclear whether the adhesin is a flagellar protein or another protein that uses the flagellar export apparatus for localization or both. Finding the gene under control of rpoN may provide answers to these questions.
Is head and neck melanoma a distinct entity? A clinical registry-based comparative study in 5702 patients with melanoma
Authors: B. Hoersch, U. Leiter, C. Garbe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

The head and neck region is more heavily exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation than any other body site. Therefore, cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) of the head and neck area is proposed to have notable differences from melanoma at other body sites regarding clinicopathological features and survival of patients.The present retrospective study based on clinical registry data aims to compare clinical features and prognostic factors of head and neck melanoma (HNM) vs. melanoma at other anatomical regions (MOR) in order to detect differences which may be associated to the mode of sun exposure.The clinical records and histopathological findings of 844 patients with clinical stage I and II invasive HNM were compared with the data of 4858 patients with MOR. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimate, and the multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate independent prognostic factors.Melanoma density was clearly higher for HNM than for MOR: this was particularly true for the face, where it was elevated by a factor of 2.6. There was a higher male/female ratio in patients with HNM and they were significantly older than patients with MOR (P < 0.0001). Breslow tumour thickness did not differ between HNM and MOR. However, CMMs at the scalp were significantly thicker and to a higher degree ulcerated. Concerning clinicopathological CMM subtypes, there was an increased proportion of lentigo maligna melanoma among HNM and of nodular melanoma in the scalp and neck regions. Excision margins were narrower and the rate of complete primary excision was lower in HNM than in MOR. Overall, there was no significant statistical difference in cumulative 10-year survival rates according to Kaplan-Meier estimates among patients with HNM (84.6%) and MOR (87.8%). Tumour thickness turned out to be the variable with the highest prognostic impact followed by ulceration in both HNM and MOR.In relation to the skin surface significantly more CMMs were found in the head and neck area than in other anatomical regions. This might indicate, but does not prove, that UV exposure promotes the development of CMM. Although HNM showed specific clinicopathological features, prognosis remained unaffected. Thus HNM seems not to be a distinct subtype of CMM.
RSD1235 blocks late INa and suppresses early afterdepolarizations and torsades de pointes induced by class III agents
Authors: P ORTH, J HESKETH, C MAK, Y YANG, S LIN, G BEATCH, A EZRIN, D FEDIDA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective RSD1235 is a novel antiarrhythmic drug with atria-selective electrophysiological actions on Na+ and K+ currents. The mechanism for its protection of ventricular repolarization was assessed by its action on Purkinje fibers, and by block of late sodium current active during repolarization. Further, RSD1235's ability to reverse the pro-arrhythmic actions of the class III agents dofetilide and clofilium was assessed in isolated Purkinje fibers and an in vivo model of torsades de pointes (TdP).
Familial Forms of Thyroid Dysgenesis among Infants with Congenital Hypothyroidism
Authors: Mireille Castanet, Stanislas Lyonnet, Catherine Bonaïti-Pellié, Michel Polak, Paul Czernichow, Juliane Léger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: Thyroid dysgenesis (thyroid aplasia or an ectopic thyroid gland) is responsible for 85 percent of cases of congenital hypothyroidism. The pathogenesis of thyroid dysgenesis is not kn...
Christopher Charles Draper
Authors: Katharine Draper
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Dystroglycan (DG) requires extensive post-translational processing to function as a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins containing laminin-G-like (LG) domains. Matriglycan is an elongated polysaccharide of alternating xylose and glucuronic acid that is uniquely synthesized on α-dystroglycan (α-DG) by like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-1 (LARGE1) and binds with high affinity to matrix proteins like laminin. Defects in the post-translational processing of α-DG that result in a shorter form of matriglycan reduce the size of α-DG and decrease laminin binding, leading to various forms of muscular dystrophy. However, little is known regarding mechanisms that generate full-length matriglycan on α-DG (~150-250 kDa). Here, we show that LARGE1 can only synthesize a short, non-elongated form of matriglycan in mouse skeletal muscle that lacks the DG N-terminus (α-DGN), resulting in a ~100-125 kDa α-DG. This smaller form of α-DG binds laminin and maintains specific force but does not prevent muscle pathophysiology, including reduced force induced by eccentric contractions and abnormalities in neuromuscular junctions. Collectively, our study demonstrates that α-DGN is required for LARGE1 to extend matriglycan to its full mature length on α-DG and thus prevent muscle pathophysiology.
Gastroesophageal Reflux, Barrett Esophagus, and Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Nicholas Shaheen, David F. Ransohoff
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a condition commonly encountered in the primary care setting, is a risk factor for adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Despite the ubiquity of the complaint, considerable uncertainty exists with respect to several basic questions, including when to perform endoscopy in patients with chronic reflux symptoms and how to address the cancer risk associated with GERD. These clinical vignettes illustrate common clinical questions encountered in caring for patients with GERD, especially as they relate to the issue of cancer risk. Applying data reviewed in the companion article, we propose practical answers to common clinical situations regarding care of patients with reflux. We also present an algorithm for treatment of patients with chronic GERD symptoms.
Experimentally-induced osteoarthritis in the dog.
Authors: M J Pond, G Nuki
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

DR. SCOTT What happens to haemoglobin levels at the time of puberty and menopause?I should think this is a much less likely cause.The changes produced by stilboestrol are very striking, and a hormonal mechanism of this kind could well explain the sex difference in urate levels, though of course this suggestion does not preclude other contributory factors.