tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Cases
Authors: N Rajan, S Brown, S Ward, P Pieniazek, P Hainsworth, F Douglas, A Husain, R Plummer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

We present the case of a 57-year-old woman with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-negative systemic vasculitis diagnosed in December 2004 characterized by urticarial vasculitis, arthritis and livedo reticularis.She was poorly controlled on prednisolone, tacrolimus and hydroxychloroquine, having previously failed to be controlled on mycophenolate mofetil, methotrexate and cyclophosphamide.She presented acutely with a severe flare of vasculitis with myalgia, arthralgia and a flare of her urticarial vasculitis.The vasculitis was not controlled following pulsed methylprednisolone therapy.The skin eruption evolved rapidly into painful haemorrhagic bullae over the acral sites with associated abdominal pain.The pattern of urticarial vasculitis lesions dramatically changed, with large nonscaly concentric erythematous coalescing rings over her lower legs surrounded by a purple halo.Given the erythema gyratum repens-like pattern, a computed tomography scan of chest, abdomen and pelvis was requested in view of her continued abdominal pain.The scan revealed a large amount of intraperitoneal air and faecal material and there was a query of sigmoid perforation.She underwent an urgent abdominal laparoscopy but no perforation or malignancy was identified.A skin biopsy of this annular eruption showed evidence of a leucocytoclastic vasculitis with neutrophils, nuclear dust, endothelial cell swelling and extravasated red blood cells.Her autoimmune screen at the time (antinuclear antibody/extractable nuclear antigen/ANCA/dsDNA) was negative.Within 2 weeks, without an alteration in immunosuppression, the eruption spontaneously resolved with residual postinflammatory change only.Erythema gyratum repens is a rare disease that is striking in its unique appearance resembling 'wood grains'.The literature suggests that an underlying malignancy is found in more than 80% of cases, with lung cancer the most common associated cancer.The skin eruption can precede the detection of malignancy by an average of 9 months.There are only two cases reported in the literature of urticarial vasculitis presenting as an erythema gyratum repens-like eruption (Dermitsu T, Sasaki K, Lida E et al.Urticarial vasculitis presenting as erythema gyratum repens-like eruption.
Abstract 3485: Changes in Fasting Glucose During Hospitalization and Long-Term Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Doron Aronson, Haim Hammerman, Michael Kapeliovich, Rafael Beyar, Walter Markiewicz, Mahmoud Suleiman
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: Elevated fasting glucose (FG) on admission is associated with increased short-term mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, no data is available with reg...
Abstract 11380: Hormone Replacement Treatment in Early Postmenopausal Women Reduces Cardiovascular Events - A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Louise L Schierbeck, Lars Rejnmark, Charlotte L Tofteng, Lis Stilgren, Pia Eiken, Leif Mosekilde, Lars Kober, Jens E Beck-Jensen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: To investigate the long-term effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on cardiovascular outcome. Methods: From 1990 to 1993, 1006 women were enrolled and randomly allocated to receive...
Abstract P277: Circulating Plasma Dairy Fatty Acid Biomarkers and Incident Stroke in Two US Prospective Cohort Studies
Authors: Mohammad Y Yakoob, Peilin Shi, Frank B Hu, Hannia Campos, Kathryn Rexrode, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Prior observational studies suggest that self-reported consumption of dairy foods is associated with lower risk of stroke. Few studies have used circulating biomarkers that provide objective measure of dairy consumption. AIM: To test the hypothesis that plasma fatty acid biomarkers of dairy, 15:0, 17:0 and 16:1 n-7t, are associated with lower risk of incident stroke, especially ischemic stroke. Methods: We performed nested case-control studies in two prospective cohorts, the Nurses Health Study (NHS) and Health Professionals Follow Up Study (HPFS). Blood collected in 1989-90 (NHS) and 1993-94 (HPFS) was used to measure plasma 15:0, 17:0 and 16:1 n-7t biomarkers that are not endogenously synthesized. Stroke was prospectively adjudicated using medical records through 2004. A total of 597 stroke cases (NHS:475, HPFS:122), including 454 ischemic, 122 hemorrhagic and 21 unknown type, were matched 1:1 with controls on age, race, smoking, blood collection date and follow-up time (risk set sampling). Conditional logistic regression was used and cohort findings pooled by fixed-effects meta-analysis. Results: 15:0 was correlated with self-reported intakes of whole fat dairy foods (r=0.18 in NHS, r=0.18 in HPFS), low fat dairy (r=0.13, 0.11) and dairy fat (r=0.20, 0.30). 17:0 and 16:1 n-7t were less strongly correlated. After confounder adjustment, comparing the top vs. bottom quartiles, 15:0, 17:0 and 16:1 n-7t were not significantly associated with total or ischemic stroke in either cohort or overall ( Table 1 ). Results were similar after simultaneous adjustment for the 3 dairy fat biomarkers and for potential mediators. Conclusion: In these 2 cohorts, circulating dairy fat biomarkers were not significantly associated with stroke. Possible explanations include no true association, insufficient statistical power or measurement error due to changes in exposure over time. This study emphasizes need for further research on dairy and stroke using objective biomarkers, including studies with serial measures.
Abstract 9242: Tight Regulation of Left Ventricular Transmural Filling Pressure in Healthy Individuals
Authors: Naoki Fujimoto, Jeffrey L Hastings, Paul S Bhella, Graeme Carrick-Ranson, Shigeki Shibata, Dean Palmer, Benjamin D Levine
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Healthy aging impairs left ventricular (LV) compliance and relaxation, which results in a decreased stroke volume in elderly individuals. By contrast, lifelong exercise training can preserve LV compliance and increase stroke volume in the elderly. However, it is unclear whether LV transmural distending pressure (LVTMP), which is thought to be the true preload for the LV, is influenced by healthy aging or lifelong exercise training. Methods: Healthy subjects (n=159; 99 male, 60 female) with no cardiovascular diseases were enrolled. Sedentary subjects were recruited from Dallas Heart Study, a multiethnic probability-based sample of Dallas County residents. Lifelong exercisers were recruited from Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study, a cohort which has documented lifelong exercise training patterns for 25 years. Subjects were stratified into 3 ‘sedentary’ age groups and 3 ‘lifelong training’ groups: Sedentary Age &lt; 40 (n=30), Age 40-64 (n=43), and Age 65+ (n=21); Lifelong Training Age 65+ 2-3sessions/wk (n=23), Age 65+ 4-5 sessions/wk (n=20), and Age 65+ 6-7sessions/wk and competitive (n=22). All subjects underwent invasive right heart catheterization to determine stroke volume by thermodilution, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP), and right atrial pressure (RAP). To eliminate the effect of external constraint on the LV, LVTMP was defined as PCWP - RAP. Results: Stroke volume decreased with increasing age and this age-related decline of stroke volume was prevented by lifelong exercise training. No effects of lifelong training on PCWP or RAP were observed in subjects &gt; 65 years (p ≥ 0.76). In sedentary subjects, PCWP and RAP appeared to be slightly higher in Age &lt;40 and Age 40-64 than Age 65+. However, LVTMP was identical among 6 groups (3.1±1.4 ∼ 3.6±1.5 mmHg, p = 0.74) and tightly controlled within a remarkably narrow range. Conclusion: True LV preload was tightly regulated in healthy subjects irrespective of age or lifelong exercise training. Therefore, changes in stroke volume associated with healthy aging or lifelong exercise training are not related to changes in LVTMP, but rather to changes in LV compliance.
Abstract P2-07-03: Pax-5 regulates EMT and MET in breast cancer through FAK1 regulation
Authors: Sami Benzina, Pierre O'Brien, Annie-Pier Beauregard, Roxann Guérrette, Stéphanie Jean, Gilles Robichaud
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Metastasis accounts for 90% of deaths in breast cancers patients. Therefore, the study of genetic factors regulating cancer malignancy is a top priority to mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated to this disease. One of these factors, Pax-5, normally regulates key biological functions such as cell viability, growth, and differentiation. However, an aberrant expression of this factor results in the development and progression of cancer. In this study, we developed breast cancer cell models with conditioned expression of the Pax-5 to evaluate signaling pathways relevant to breast metastasis and cancer progression. We found that Pax-5 extinguishes several aspects of cancer aggressivety such as: proliferation, spheroid formation, migration and invasion. At the molecular level, we found that Pax-5 modulates cancer malignancy through the regulation of various components of the epithelial to mesenchymal transitioning (EMT) process in addition to key signaling targets such as: NFκB and the Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 (FAK1). We also demonstrate that Pax-5 decreases FAK1 level trough up-regulation of miR-135b, a direct repressor of FAK1 expression. Altogether, our findings suggest that the presence of the Pax-5 lead to less aggressive breast cancers by promoting mesenchymal to Epithelial transitioning (MET). These findings bring light to molecular mechanisms driving breast cancer malignancy and benefit our quest in the development of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies against breast cancer progression. Citation Format: Sami Benzina, Pierre O'Brien, Annie-Pier Beauregard, Roxann Guérrette, Stéphanie Jean, Gilles Robichaud. Pax-5 regulates EMT and MET in breast cancer through FAK1 regulation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-07-03.
Answers may have reflected perceived rather than actual management
Authors: J D Palmer, A Wagstaff, G Mckelvie
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In our analysis of mutations causing DHPR deficiency we identified a patient in whom there was an aberrant transcription pattern detected by PCR of DHPR cDNA. However, unlike the pattern observed as a result of most splicing mutations, there is some full length transcript. The mutation was located and is a single nucleotide deletion at position 570/571 of the DHPR cDNA sequence and results in a frameshift and premature termination after the addition of six amino acids. The mutation is present in a homozygous state in the patient and in a heterozygous state in both parents. The exon which is deleted at high frequency in the patient is the putative exon 4, which is remote from the mutation, and confirms our observation that exon 4 skipping is a relatively common event.
Abstract 11117: Risks Associated with Allosensitization in Pediatric Heart Transplantation
Authors: William Mahle, David C Naftel, Margaret T Foushee, Paolo Rusconi, R E Edens, James F George, Robert E Shaddy
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Allosensitization among children considered for heart transplantation remains a great challenge. Controversy exists as to best approach for those with elevated panel reactive antibody (PRA) with some centers suggesting that such patients can undergo transplantation with satisfactory survival without the need for prospective crossmatching. To date, analysis of allosensitization in children has been limited to single center reports. We sought to define the association between elevated PRA and outcomes using data from the multi-institutional Pediatric Heart Transplant Study Group. Methods: Between 1/93 and 12/08 3016 pts (> 1mo of age) were listed for heart tx, PRA data were available for 2500 (83%) and 2237 underwent transplantation with pre-tx PRA data available for 1904 (85%). At listing 10.2% of pts had PRA >20%. Factors associated with high PRA were older age at listing, status 1 at listing, prior VAD, and prior Norwood procedure. An elevated PRA at listing was associated with longer time to tx (p <.001...
Cancer Screening Test Use — United States, 2015
Authors: Arica White, Trevor D. Thompson, Mary C. White, Susan A. Sabatino, Janet de Moor, Paul V. Doria-Rose, Ann M. Geiger, Lisa C. Richardson
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2017)

Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) includes objectives to increase screening for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (1) as recommended by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).* Progress toward meeting these objectives is monitored by measuring cancer screening test use against national targets using data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) (1). Analysis of 2015 NHIS data indicated that screening test use remains substantially below HP2020 targets for selected cancer screening tests. Although colorectal cancer screening test use increased from 2000 to 2015, no improvements in test use were observed for breast and cervical cancer screening. Disparities exist in screening test use by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and health care access indicators. Increased measures to implement evidence-based interventions and conduct targeted outreach are needed if the HP2020 targets for cancer screening are to be achieved and the disparities in screening test use are to be reduced.
Abstract 9110: Does Change in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Relate to Change in Coronary Artery Calcification? Findings from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: William Arguelles, Maria M Llabre, Frank J Penedo, Martha L Daviglus, Ralph L Sacco, Kiang Liu, Moyses Szklo, Joseph F Polak, John Eng, Gregory L Burke, Neil Schneiderman
Journal: Circulation (2011)

How CVD risk factors impact coronary artery calcification (CAC) remains unclear. Particularly lacking are data describing how change in various risk factor levels relate to change in CAC, which may lead to a greater understanding of these relationships and further inform optimal strategies for CVD prevention and treatment. With data from a multi-ethnic cohort of 4,560 individuals (46.8% men; age M = 61.35) initially free of clinical CVD, this study used latent growth modeling to examine change in specific cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs; waist circumference, BMI, SBP, DBP, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and fasting glucose) related to change in CAC over an average 4.9 year time period. Data were adjusted for baseline CRF and CAC values, age, race/ethnicity, smoking, family history of CVD, income, and use of antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, and glucose-lowering medications. Men and women were analyzed separately given previously noted differences in clinical CVD development and predictive utility of CRFs. Change in CRFs was not associated with incident CAC among men and women who had undetectable CAC at baseline, or with CAC progression among men who had detectable CAC at baseline. Among women who had detectable CAC at baseline (M = 180.5, SD = 32.4 Agatston units), greater decline (or less progression) in SBP (B = -3.17, p &lt; .05) and DBP (B = -8.56, p &lt; .05), and LDL cholesterol (B = -2.49, p &lt; .05), were each individually associated with greater CAC progression. The associations between change in blood pressure and CAC progression were not independent of change in LDL cholesterol. Medication use appeared to influence these inverse associations, such that women taking antihypertensive and lipid-lowering medications exhibited greater CAC progression despite showing average decreases in respective CRF levels over time. Women not taking such medications did not show these inverse associations. To our knowledge, this is the first study systematically reporting on rates of change in various CRFs related to CAC incidence and progression. Observed inverse associations appear to have been driven by women receiving medications that lowered their initially high risk factor levels but not their increased rate of CAC progression.
Abstract 13085: Quantitation of the Alpha-Gal Epitopes Threat in Commercial Heart Valve Bioprostheses
Authors: Filippo Naso, Alessandro Gandaglia, Michele Spina, Gino Gerosa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

The glutaraldehyde (GA) treatment of heart valve bioprostheses (HVBs) might be inadequate to ensure complete shielding of the xenoantigen alpha-Gal. The primary cause of failure of HVBs is due to dystrophic calcification, tentatively related to the inflammatory reaction elicited by exposed immunogenic epitopes. The aim is to detect and in case to quantify the amount of exposed alpha-Gal epitopes in currently stored pericardial HVBs as Mitroflow® and Soprano Armonia™ (Sorin Heart Valves), Perimount Magna and Sapien XT (Edwards Lifesciences). The valves were previously tested in a Sheffield pulse duplicator. The Sapien XT valve was crimped and balloon-expanded to mimic the initial conditions of implantation. The HVB leaflets were detoxified and reacted with the M86 primary monoclonal antibody to quantify the exposed alpha-Gal epitopes by an indirect ELISA assay. To evaluate the relevance of the reactive xenogeneic residues, the alpha-Gal content in HVB cusps was compared to that determined in native bovine ...
Abstract 5578: The Effect of Age and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate on In-Hospital Mortality Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Report from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Authors: Francesca Cardarelli, Antonio Bellasi, Enrique Rojas-Campos, Fang-Shu Ou, Leslee J Shaw, Emir Veledar, Matthew T Roe, Douglas Morris, Lloyd W Klein, Paolo Raggi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

To assess the effect of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) on in-hospital mortality in young (&lt;65 year-old), old (65– 84 year-old) and very old (≥ 85 year-old) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Chronic kidney disease is associated with worse survival post-PCI in a variety of patient subsets. Similarly, advancing age has been associated with a worse outcome after PCI. Whether risk of death after PCI is different in various age and eGFR groups is not well known. We analyzed data collected by the National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR) between February 04 and March 07 from 631 US hospitals on 169,826 PCIs performed for AMI. In a risk adjusted logistic model we estimated the odds ratio associated with different eGFR levels on in-hospital death among each age group. Younger patients had fewer comorbidities, higher eGFR, less frequent multivessel disease, higher PCI success rate and lower crude mortality than old and very old patients (p&lt;0.0001 for all comparisons). However, the odds ratio of in-hospital death was greater (OR: 7.58, CI: 6.18 –9.29) for a young patient with eGFR&lt;30 ml/min/1.73m 2 than for an old (OR: 4.75, CI: 4.14 – 5.45) or very old patient (OR: 3.50, CI: 2.50 – 4.89) with the same degree of renal insufficiency compared to similar age patients with eGFR≥60 ml/min/1.73m 2 (Figure ). While the impact of renal impairment is substantial in all age groups, severe reduction in eGFR is a worse prognostic factor for younger than older patients.
Abstract 1392: G Protein Coupled Receptor Kinase 6 Couples Stromal Cell Derived Factor-1{alpha}-CXCR4 Signaling to ERK/AKT Activation in Rat Cardiac Stem Cells
Authors: Wasana Sumanasekera, Shujing Dai, Piero Anversa, Roberto Bolli, Gregg Rokosh
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 4928: Natural Endothelium Mimicking Self-Assembled Nanomatrix for Drug Eluting Stent Applications
Authors: Ho-Wook Jun, Meenakshi Kushwaha, Joel Anderson, William Minor, Adinarayana Andukuri, Charles Bosworth, Jack Lancaster, Brigitta Brott, Peter Anderson
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Deployment of stents has been a major therapeutic method for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, poor endothelialization and intimal hyperplasia in bare metal stents lead to restenosis. Drug eluting stents (DES) are designed to deliver therapeutic drugs to prevent intimal hyperplasia and have been implanted in about 6 million patients for last three years. However, recent reports suggest that DES have been associated with a higher risk of late thrombosis which may be related to inadequate endothelialization. Therefore, the main goal of this project is to develop the next generation of DES using a natural endothelium mimicking self-assembled nanomatrix which will inhibit both restenosis and thrombosis while enhancing endothelialization from surrounding endothelium and endothelial progenitor cells circulating in the blood stream. The nanomatrix is formed by self-assembly of peptide amphiphiles (PAs) which contain nitric oxide (NO) producing donors and endothelial cell adhesive ligand YIGSR along with enzyme-mediated degradable sites. Successful synthesis of PAs and the self-assembly of the PAs into nanofibers with the diameter of 8 nm forming the nanomatrix were characterized by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and transmission electron microscope, respectively. The nanomatrix showed significantly greater attachment and spreading of human umbilical vein endothothelial cells (HUVECs) compared to human aortic smooth muscle cells (AoSMCs). The nanomatrix was reacted with NO solution and NO was released from the nanomatrix rapidly within 24 hours followed by sustained release over period of 5 days. The NO releasing nanomatrix demonstrated a significantly enhanced proliferation of HUVECs (51 ± 3 % to 67 ± 2 %) but reduced proliferation of AoSMCs (35 ± 2 % to 16 ± 3 %) after 48 hrs of incubation. Platelet attachment on the nanomatrix is under investigation. A natural endothelium mimicking nanomatrix was successfully synthesized and supported growth of endothelial cells while inhibiting growth of smooth muscle cells. Therefore this nanomatrix could have a great potential to improve clinical patency of DES as a coating material by enhancing endothelialization but reducing restenosis.
Efficacy and Safety Of AOP2014/P1101, a Novel, Investigational Mono-Pegylated Proline-Interferon Alpha-2b, In Patients With Polycythemia Vera (PV): Update On 51 Patients From The Ongoing Phase I/II Peginvera Study
Authors: Heinz Gisslinger, Veronika Buxhofer-Ausch, Josef Thaler, Ernst Schloegl, Guenther A. Gastl, Dominik Wolf, Robert Kralovics, Bettina Gisslinger, Daniel Lechner, Karin Strecker, Alexander Egle, Thomas Melchardt, Sonja Burgstaller, Ella Willenbacher, Michael Zoerer, Oleh Zahriychuk, Christoph Klade, Richard Greil
Journal: Blood (2013)
迎接遗传学进展的挑战 需要在实验室、临床和社会之间准确导向
Authors: Mike, Gill, Tessa, Richards, 欧阳烨
Journal: BMJ (1998)

过去十年来,分子遗传学的进展惊人。不用多久,人类基因组的全部序列就将测定出来,同时也能定位出大多数与人类疾病有关的基因位点。正如Bell 在其含意深远的4篇关于新遗传学论文的第一篇所讨论的那样,这方面的进展大大提高了对疾病机制的了解,并且开始能说明为什么诸如糖尿病、哮喘和类风湿性关节炎之类常见病的临床过程如此变