tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modular Analysis of Peripheral Blood Gene Expression in Rheumatoid Arthritis Captures Reproducible Gene Expression Changes in Tumor Necrosis Factor Responders
Authors: Michaela Oswald, Mark E. Curran, Sarah L. Lamberth, Robert M. Townsend, Jennifer D. Hamilton, David N. Chernoff, John Carulli, Michael J. Townsend, Michael E. Weinblatt, Marlena Kern, Cassandra M. Pond, Annette Lee, Peter K. Gregersen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

To establish whether the analysis of whole-blood gene expression is useful in predicting or monitoring response to anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Whole-blood RNA (using a PAXgene system to stabilize whole-blood RNA in the collection tube) was obtained at baseline and at 14 weeks from 3 independent cohorts, consisting of a combined total of 240 RA patients who were beginning therapy with anti-TNF. We used an approach to gene expression analysis that is based on modular patterns of gene expression, or modules. Good and moderate responders according to the European League Against Rheumatism criteria exhibited highly significant and consistent changes in multiple gene expression modules after 14 weeks of therapy, as demonstrated by hypergeometric analysis. Strikingly, nonresponders exhibited very little change in any modules, despite exposure to TNF blockade. These patterns of change were highly consistent across all 3 cohorts, indicating that immunologic changes after TNF treatment are specific to the combination of both drug exposure and responder status. In contrast, modular patterns of gene expression did not exhibit consistent differences between responders and nonresponders at baseline in the 3 study cohorts. These data provide evidence that using gene expression modules related to inflammatory disease may provide a valuable method for objective monitoring of the response of RA patients who are treated with TNF inhibitors.
A Comparison of Daunorubicin/Ara-C (DA) Versus Daunorubicin/Clofarabine (DClo) and Two Versus Three Courses of Total Treatment for Older Patients with AML and High Risk MDS: Results of the UK NCRI AML16 Trial
Authors: Alan K. Burnett, Nigel H Russell, Jonathan Kell, Lars Kjeldsen, Donald Milligan, Paul Cahalin, Robert K. Hills
Journal: Blood (2012)
HYPERINSULINISM ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM: TWO CASE REPORTS
Authors: John L. Carmichael
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Case Reports1 April 1938HYPERINSULINISM ASSOCIATED WITH HYPOTHYROIDISM: TWO CASE REPORTSJOHN L. CARMICHAEL, M.D.JOHN L. CARMICHAEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-10-1906 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe following cases are reported because the findings indicate that there may be a cause and effect relationship between hypothyroidism and hyperinsulinism, or at least that hypothyroidism may aggravate hyperinsulinism. Considerable experimental work has indicated a definite interrelationship between the secretion of the thyroid and that of the islet portion of the pancreas. It has been shown also clinically, that the injection of insulin changes the basal metabolic rate, but in a review of the literature available to us, no case report has been found indicating a definite relationship between hyperinsulinism and hypothyroidism. Tedstrom,1however, reports a case with a...Bibliography1. TEDSTROM MK: Hypoglycemia and hyperinsulinism, ANN. INT. MED., 1934, vii, 1013-1025. Google Scholar2. MARINE D: Physiology and principal interrelations of the thyroid, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1935, civ, 2250-2255. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SIMNITZKYKOMENDANTOWA WSAL: Der Einfluss einer chronischen Bereicherung des Organismus mit Insulin auf die Sekretionstätigkeit der Schilddrüse, Virchow's Arch. f. path. Anat., 1934, ccxciii, 448-457. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. ERNSTKAUFMAN ZK: Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Schilddrüse und Bauchspeicheldrüse, Ztschr. f. d. ges. exper. Med., 1932, lxxx, 694-699. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. HARRIS S: Diagnosis and treatment of hyperinsulinism, ANN. INT. MED., 1936, x, 514-533. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, Alabama*Received for publication May 29, 1937. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAbstracts 1 April 1938Volume 11, Issue 10Page: 1906-1911KeywordsHyperinsulinemiaHypothyroidismInsulinPancreasThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
Bystander Interventions Can Improve Outcomes From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Graham Nichol, Francis Kim
Journal: JAMA (2015)

North Carolina participates. The analysis was restricted to 11 counties that included 30% of the total population. During the study period, survival with favorable neurologic outcome increased from 7.1% (82/1149; 95% CI, 5.8%8.8%) in 2010 to 9.7% (129/1334; 95% CI, 8.2%-11.4%) in 2013
Inhaled disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) as maintenance therapy in children with asthma: a systematic review
Authors: M J A Tasche
Journal: Thorax (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) is included in the BTS guidelines on the treatment of asthma for use in children, but is now used only infrequently. We have identified and interpreted the findings of all published randomised, placebo controlled trials of DSCG in the prophylactic treatment of children with asthma. <h3>METHODS</h3> Several databases were searched to identify trials. Studies were included if they investigated subjects with asthma aged 0–18 years old, addressed maintenance treatment with inhaled DSCG, and were published in English. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed independently by three reviewers. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) of differences in the treatment effect for cough and wheeze between placebo and treatment with DSCG were computed. The estimates were pooled and tested for homogeneity and, to assess possible publication bias, a funnel plot was made and tested for symmetry. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Of the 24 randomised, placebo controlled trials identified, the methodological scores varied widely. The null hypothesis of homogeneity was rejected. Under the assumption of heterogeneity the overall CI for wheeze was 0.11 to 0.26 and for cough was 0.13 to 0.27. The overall tolerance intervals (–0.11 to 0.48 and –0.04 to 0.43 for wheeze and cough, respectively) both included zero, so it cannot be concluded that future studies will show an effect of DSCG compared with placebo. Older studies were more often in favour of DSCG. The funnel plots suggest publication bias; small studies with negative or equal outcomes are lacking. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Given the apparent publication bias, the small overall treatment effect, and the tolerance interval including zero, there is insufficient evidence that DSCG has a beneficial effect as maintenance treatment in children with asthma.
Abstract 17141: Stem Cell Factor Gene Transfer in a Swine Model of Ischemic Cardiomyopathy is accompanied by decreased apoptosis and proliferating cKit+ cell
Authors: Kenneth Fish, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Jaume Aguero, Lisa Tilemann, Dongtak Jeong, Lifan Liang, Lauren Fish, Elisa Yaniz-Galende, Krisztina Zsebo, Hajjar Roger
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Stem cell factor (SCF), a ligand of the c-kit receptor, is a critical cytokine which contributes to cell migration, proliferation, and survival. Because SCF expression increases after myocardial infarction (MI), cKit+ progenitor cells may be recruited to the site of injury, play key roles in gain of function and myocardial repair. The aim of this study was to identify key pathways involved in cardiac gain of function in a large animal model of MI.   Methods and Results:  A transmural MI was created by implanting an embolic coil in the left anterior descending coronary artery in Yorkshire pigs. One week after the MI, the pigs received direct intramyocardial injections of either a recombinant adenovirus encoding for SCF, (Ad.SCF, n=9) or β-gal (Ad.β-gal, n=6) into the infarct border area. At three months post-MI, ejection fraction increased by 12% after Ad.SCF therapy, whereas it decreased by 4.2% (P=0.004) in pigs treated with Ad.β-gal. Preload-recruitable stroke work was significantly higher in pigs after SCF treatment (Ad.SCF, 55.5±11.6 mmHg vs Ad.β-gal, 31.6±12.6 mmHg, P=0.005), indicating enhanced cardiac function after SCF gene therapy. One week post SCF gene delivery c-kit+ cells were histologically detected in the peri-infarct zone. Some relatively isolated cKit+/CD45+ and cKit+/VEGFR2+ cells were detected. Much greater populations of cKit+/CD45- and cKit+/VEGFR- cells were detected suggesting that many progenitors had origins other than bone marrow. Furthermore, detailed 3D microscopic analyses revealed pairs of partially superimposed nuclei with either one or both cell membranes expressing ckit. Rare cardiomyocytes, in the peri-infarct zone were undergoing cell cycling. These results are consistent with both cell division and fusion between one or more cKit+ cells. At this same time point, there was also reduced apoptosis in the peri-infarct zone. Three months after SCF gene delivery increased capillary density was apparent suggesting that SCF may enhance angiogenesis.   Conclusion:  Local over-expression of SCF post-MI induces the recruitment of c-kit+ cells at the infarct border area and results in improved cardiac function in a pre-clinical model of ischemic cardiomyopathy.
Pathway to Artificial Pancreas Systems Revisited: Moving Downstream
Authors: Aaron Kowalski
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Artificial pancreas (AP) systems, a long-sought quest to replicate mechanically islet physiology that is lost in diabetes, are reaching the clinic, and the potential of automating insulin delivery is about to be realized. Significant progress has been made, and the safety and feasibility of AP systems have been demonstrated in the clinical research center and more recently in outpatient "real-world" environments. An iterative road map to AP system development has guided AP research since 2009, but progress in the field indicates that it needs updating. While it is now clear that AP systems are technically feasible, it remains much less certain that they will be widely adopted by clinicians and patients. Ultimately, the true success of AP systems will be defined by successful integration into the diabetes health care system and by the ultimate metric: improved diabetes outcomes.
Usefulness of serum procalcitonin in lung cancer patients with elevated serum C-reactive protein level
Authors: Hee Jung Ban, Seung Gyu Ji, Su Young Chi, Eun Young Kim, Yoon Hee Kim, Kyu Sik Kim, In Jae Oh, Young Chul Kim, Yong Soo Kwon, Yu-Il Kim, Sung Chul Lim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: It is not easy to distinguish between infections and other causes with C-reactive protein (CRP) level or white blood cell (WBC) count in febrile lung cancer patients. We investigated the usefulness of serum procalcitonin (PCT) and CRP for the differential diagnosis of fever in lung cancer patients.

Methods: We measured serum PCT level and WBC count in lung cancer patients with serum CRP >0.3mg/dL. The subjects were categorized as either infection or non-infection group. Infection was verified by respiratory culture, blood culture and radiologic finding. Those who developed febrile neutropenia after chemotherapy and improved after antibiotic treatment were grouped as infection group (IG). Non-infection group (NG) comprised those who had drug fever or cancer fever.

Results: A total number of measurement was 375 samples from 285 patients. PCT showed 2.28±5.81 μg/L in IG and 0.36±0.43 μg/L in NG (mean±standard deviation p<0.001). CRP showed 17.24±8.87 mg/dL in IG and 11.61±7.93 mg/dL in NG (p<0.001). In febrile patients, there was also significant differences of PCT (1.80±4.01 μg/L in IG, 0.24±0.31 μg/L in NG, p=.003) and CRP (17.88±8.62 mg/dL in IG, 13.11±7.96 mg/dL in NG, p=.004) levels. Area under curve of PCT was significantly larger (0.775, 95%CI 0.690-0.861) than CRP (0.646, 95%CI 0.540-0.753, p=.026). Sensitivity and specificity of PCT using cut off level of 0.21 μg/L was 73.8% and 59.1%.

Conclusion: Serum PCT could be more helpful for differentiation of infectious from non-infectious causes of fever in lung cancer patients.
Abstract 10197: Utility of Thrombectomy and Distal Protection for the Preservation of Microcirculation in Diabetic Patients with ST-elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nobuaki Suzuki, Ken Kozuma, Kengo Tanabe, Yuji Ikari, Toshiya Muramatsu, Takaaki Isshiki, Vampire trial investigators, Asparagus trial investigators
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: In the patients with myocardial infarction, diabetes is the independent risk for worse clinical outcome. Diabetes is supposed to be related to the innate impaired myocardial microcirc...
Amyloid Deposits and Amyloidosis
Authors: George G. Glenner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

SINCE Cohen's review of amyloidosis was published in the Journal in 1967, there have been major advances in our understanding of what was less than a decade ago an untreatable, usually lethal disease complex of unknown nature, cause, and pathogenesis. Much of the mystery about the character of the "waxy, eosinophilic" tissue deposits, which Virchow believed in 1853 to be of polysaccharide composition and consequently designated as "amyloid" (starch-like or cellulose-like) has now yielded to investigations employing a wide variety of chemical and physical techniques. Once it was demonstrated that unique fibrillar components comprised over 90 per cent of amyloid . . .
Book: Civil War Medicine: Challenges and Triumphs
Authors: H. Ellis
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Alfred Jay Bollet Galen Press, $44.95, pp 512 ISBN 1 883620 08 2 See www.galenpress.com to order Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> See http://www.galenpress.com/ to order The American civil war of 1861–5 saw truly horrifying casualties—some 360 000 deaths among the Union troops and 200 000 among the Confederate army. Together these equalled the total loss of life of US troops involved in all conflicts before and since. Out of these 560 000 deaths, there were two from disease for every one in battle. In addition, of course, were the tens of thousands of cripples, amputees, and chronically sick veterans. The medical details of the war were extremely well documented in the six volume Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion— published by the Surgeon General's Office—which gives detailed statistics and case reports and which is profusely illustrated. In … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
A memorable patient: Just another chronic chest
Authors: G. Neale
Journal: BMJ (2001)

It was a Thursday morning ward teaching session some years ago. My final year students were not happy. They were due to take a written examination within the next week or so and thought that they should be free of ward work to study pathology. But they also had to be signed up in clinical medicine, and I was not disposed to let them off the hook. I tried to be placatory. They could choose the patients we would see. I was faced with a truculent silence. So, why not a new admission? Two students had seen patients the previous night but still no offers. It was time to …
Creatinine- versus cystatine C-based equations in assessing the renal function of candidates for liver transplantation with cirrhosis
Authors: Vandréa De Souza, Aoumeur Hadj-Aissa, Olga Dolomanova, Muriel Rabilloud, Nicolas Rognant, Sandrine Lemoine, Sylvie Radenne, Jérôme Dumortier, Colette Chapuis-Cellier, Françoise Beyerle, Chantal Bon, Jean Iwaz, Luciano Selistre, Laurence Dubourg
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Renal dysfunction is frequent in liver cirrhosis and is a strong prognostic predictor of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) outcome. Therefore, an accurate evaluation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is crucial in pre-OLT patients. However, in these patients plasma creatinine (Pcr) is inaccurate and the place of serum cystatine C (CystC) is still debated. New GFR-predicting equations, based on standardized assays of Pcr and/or CystC, have been recently recommended in the general population but their performance in cirrhosis patients has been rarely studied. We evaluated the performance of the recently published Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equations (CKD-EPI-Pcr, CKD-EPI-CystC, and CKD-EPI-Pcr-CystC) and the more classical ones (4- and 6-variable MDRD and Hoek formulas) in cirrhosis patients referred for renal evaluation before OLT. Inulin clearance was performed in 202 consecutive patients together with the determination of Pcr and CystC with assays traceable to primary reference materials. The performance of the GFR-predicting equations was evaluated according to ascites severity (no, moderate, or refractory) and to hepatic and renal dysfunctions (MELD score ≤ or >15 and KDOQI stages, respectively). In the whole population, CystC-based equations showed a better performance than Pcr-based ones (lower bias and higher 10% and 30% accuracies). CKD-EPI-CystC equation showed the best performance whatever the ascites severity and in presence of a significant renal dysfunction (GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2)). Pcr-based GFR predicting equations are not reliable in pre-OLT patients even when an IDMS-traceable enzymatic Pcr assay is used. Whenever a CystC-assay traceable to primary reference materials is performed and when a true measurement of GFR is not possible, CystC-based equations, especially CKD-EPI-CystC, may be recommended to evaluate renal function and for KDOQI staging.
Physiological responses to the 6-min walk test and incremental shuttle walk test in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Authors: Anderson Alves de Camargo, Tatiane Soares Amaral, Samia Zahi Rached, Rodrigo Abensur Athanazio, Fernanda de Cordoba Lanza, Alberto Cukier, Frederico Leon Arrabal Fernandes, Celso Ricardo Fernandes Carvalho, Rafael Stelmach, Simone Dal Corso
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: To our knowledge, there have been no previous studies on physiological adaptations during field walking tests in adults with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (nCF-BCt). Objective: To compare metabolic and cardiopulmonary responses during the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in patients with nCF-BCt. Methods: Twenty-one subjects (13 male; 45 ± 12 yrs; FEV1 % pred: 57 ± 7; MRC: 2 ± 1) were included. The subjects were randomized to perform two 6MWTs (30 min apart) and two ISWTs (30 min apart), on different days. The test with the best performance (greater distance) was used for comparison. During the tests, pulmonary gas exchange was measured (VO2000; Medical Graphics Corporation, St. Paul, MN). Results: See Table 1.  Conclusion: Although subjects walked a greater distance in the 6MWT, both tests elicited similar physiological responses at peak exercise.
Abstract 15080: Atrial Fibrillation Dilates Left Atrial Appendage Assessed by 3-dimentional Transesophageal Echocardiography
Authors: Yusuke Miki, Satoshi Ichimiya, Hideo Ohishi, Toshijiro Aoki, Toshiki Kawamiya, Hitoshi Ichimiya, Yasuhiro Uchida, Junji Watanabe, Masaaki Kanashiro, Hideki Ishii, Tetsuya Amano, Tatsuaki Matsubara, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Left atrial appendage (LAA) represents one of the major sources of cardiac thrombus formation. Atrial Fibrillation (AF) causes loss of atrial contractility and atrial dilatation. Real-time 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography enabled us to evaluate LAA orifice area. However, the impact of AF on LAA measurement by 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography remains unclear. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that AF might dilate LAA orifice area evaluated by 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography and that LAA orifice area might be related to stroke events. Methods: Between June 2013 and March 2014 real-time 3-dimentional transesophageal echocardiography of LAA was acquired in 97 consecutive subjects including 50 patients with sinus rhythm (SR), 9 AF patients with history of embolic stroke, and 38 AF patients without. The quantitative morphological analysis on LAA was performed with custom software. In advance, we excluded the patients with structural abnormality of an...
Losartan vs Atenolol in Prevention of Stroke and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Franz H. Messerli, Ehud Grossman, Albert Fournier
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Increased dietary cholesterol-induced atherosclerosis is associated with liver inflammation: Identification of novel regulatory pathways and transcriptional regulators involved in switch from metabolic adaptation to inflammatory state.
Authors: R. Kleemann, L. Verschuren, M.J. van Erk, Y. Nikolsky, N.H.P. Cnubben, E.R. Verheij, A.K. Smilde, H.F.J. Hendriks
Journal: Genome biology (2007)
Küçük Hücre Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Lenfatik Mikrometastazların Klinik Önemi
Authors: Ad F. Verhagen, Johan Bulten, Hebste Shirango, Frederik B. J. M. Thunnissen, Miep A. van der Drift, Wouter van der Bruggen, Vivianne C. G. Tjan-Heijnen, Henry A. van Swieten
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)