tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aschoff bodies at necropsy in valvular heart disease. Evidence from an analysis of 543 patients over 14 years of age that rheumatic heart disease, at least anatomically, is a disease of the mitral valve.
Authors: W C Roberts, R Virmani
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Among 543 necropsy patients over age 14 years with severe chronic valvular heart disease, Aschoff bodies were found in 11 patients (2%). The ages of the 11 patients ranged from 18 to 68 years (avg. 38), and nine had had a history of acute rhematic fever earlier in life. Clinically, nine of the 11 patients had mitral stenosis with or without dysfunction of one or more other cardiac valves, one had isolated aortic regurgitation, and one had both mitral and aortic regurgitation. All 11 patients had diffuse fibrous thickening of the mitral valve leaflets, and all but one had diffuse anatomic lesions of at least one other cardiac valve. No patient with anatomic lesions limited to the aortic valve had Aschoff bodies. Thus, among patients with chronic valvular heart disease, Aschoff bodies, the only anatomic lesion pathognomonic of rheumatic heart disease, indicate diffuse anatomic lesions of the mitral leaflets and usually also anatomic lesions of one or more other cardiac valves. The functional mitral lesion is usually stenosis.
Expression of Matrix Metalloproteases by Fibrocytes
Authors: Carolina García-de-Alba, Carina Becerril, Víctor Ruiz, Yolanda González, Silvia Reyes, Jorge García-Alvarez, Moisés Selman, Annie Pardo
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: Fibrocytes are progenitor cells characterized by the simultaneous expression of mesenchymal, monocyte, and hematopoietic stem cell markers. We previously documented their presence in lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, the mechanisms involved in their migration, subsequent homing, and local role remain unclear. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) facilitate cell migration and have been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis.Objectives: To evaluate the expression and role of matrix metalloproteinases in human fibrocytes.Methods: Fibrocytes were purified from CD14+ monocytes and cultured for 8 days; purity of fibrocyte cultures was 95% or greater as determined by flow cytometry. Conditioned media and total RNA were collected and the expression of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-7, MMP-8, and MMP-9 was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein synthesis was examined using a Multiplex assay, Western blot, fluorescent immunocytochemistry, and confocal microscopy. MMP-2 and MMP-9 enzymatic activities were evaluated by gelatin zymography. Migration was assessed using collagen I–coated Boyden chambers. Stromal cell–derived factor–1α and platelet-derived growth factor–B were used as chemoattractant with or without a specific MMP-8 inhibitor.Measurements and Main Results: Fibrocytes showed gene and protein expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, MMP-8, and MMP-7. MMP-2 and MMP-9 enzymatic activities were also demonstrated by gelatin zymography. Likewise, we found colocalization of MMP-8 and MMP-7 with type I collagen in fibrocytes. Fibrocyte migration toward platelet-derived growth factor–B or Stromal cell–derived factor–1α in collagen I–coated Boyden chambers was significantly reduced by a specific MMP-8 inhibitor.Conclusions: Our findings reveal that fibrocytes express a variety of MMPs and that MMP-8 actively participates in the process of fibrocyte migration.
Changes of hepatitis B virus DNA in liver and serum caused by recombinant leukocyte interferon treatment: Analysis of intrahepatic replicative hepatitis B virus DNA
Authors: Osamu Yokosuka, Masao Omata, Fumio Imazeki, Kunio Okuda, Jesse Summers
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

Twenty patients with HBeAg–positive chronic liver disease were given large doses of recombinant leukocyte interferon for 4 weeks. Changes of hepatitis B virus DNA in livers and sera were analyzed by the molecular hybridization technique in paired biopsies obtained before and 2 weeks after treatment. Serum hepatitis B virus DNA was examined before, during and after the treatment until 4 weeks post–interferon. Analysis of hepatic hepatitis B virus DNA revealed species that appeared to represent various forms of replicative hepatitis B virus DNA, i.e., relaxed circular, linear, supercoiled and single–stranded hepatitis B virus DNA, respectively. No evidence of integration of hepatitis B virus DNA in genomic DNA was obtained. Of 15 cases which were positive for hepatic hepatitis B virus DNA before treatment and in which paired biopsies were obtained, hepatic hepatitis B virus DNA became negative in 4, decreased in 5 and unchanged in 6. Among several types of replicative viral DNA in liver tissue, supercoiled hepatitis B virus DNA tended to remain after other forms were reduced. A close correlation between hepatic and serum hepatitis B virus DNA was found in 37 liver biopsy samples and corresponding sera. These results indicate that interferon treatment reduces serum hepatitis B virus levels by inhibiting viral replication in the liver and that persistence or reappearance of hepatitis B virus in serum after interferon is associated with replication.
Red Meat and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Richard David Feinman
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Comparison of rabbit coronary arterial relaxation induced by acetylcholine and lemakalim: activation of ATP sensitive potassium channels
Authors: C. Jiang, P. A Poole-Wilson, P. Collins
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Comparison of rabbit coronary arterial relaxation induced by acetylcholine and lemakalim: activation of ATP sensitive potassium channels Get access Canwen Jiang, Canwen Jiang Department of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom Correspondence to: Dr Collins Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philip A Poole-Wilson, Philip A Poole-Wilson Department of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Peter Collins Peter Collins Department of Cardiac Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Dovehouse Street, London SW3 6LY, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 11, November 1991, Pages 930–935, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.11.930 Published: 01 November 1991 Article history Received: 03 June 1991 Accepted: 15 July 1991 Published: 01 November 1991
P2-104: Role of ERCC1, XRCC3, Aurora A and TGFBR1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and CHFR and 14-3-3 sigma methylation in a customized cisplatin (cis) trial based on ERCC1 mRNA levels in stage IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p)
Authors: Miguel Taron, Manuel Cobo, Dolores Isla, Bartomeu Massuti, Ana Montes, José M. Sánchez, Monica Botia, Manuel Domine, Maria S. Ronco, Rafael Rosell
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
An asymmetric view of brain laterality
Authors: Jan Bureš, O. Burešová, J. Krivánek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1981)

The enigma of hemispheric specialization of the human brain continues to attract the attention of BBS readers. Although the lateralization of language is obviously specific to man, some scientists find the idea of human uniqueness unacceptable. Corballis and Morgan (1978) presented hemispheric dominance in man as a special case of a left-right maturational gradient, examples of which can be found throughout the animal kingdom. According to Denenberg, brain laterality can be induced in animals by nonlateralized environmental factors such as handling. Since nonlateralized influences can only unmask latent asymmetries, Denenberg's position is essentially similar to the views espoused by Corballis and Morgan (1978) and can, therefore, be criticized on the same grounds.
Nurses' knowledge of the resuscitation status of patients and action in the event of cardiorespiratory arrest.
Authors: A Jones, W Peckett, E Clark, C Sharpe, S Krimholtz, M Russell, T Goodwin
Journal: BMJ (1993)

B 3 03-9 1 C 20-0 0 0 0 0 0 3 6 9 Time (months) Mean (standard error) numberofpenalty points accrued by subjects during resuscitation attempts immediately before and after initial instruction and then at regular intervals ofthree (group A), six (group B), or twelve months (group C) found between the participants' scores or pattem of scores over time and their gender, age, working experience, number of actual resuscitation attempts attended, or number of instruction courses on resusci- tation received (Spearman's test).
Cytotoxic effect of 7?-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one on HepG2 cells: Hypothetical role of acetaldehyde-modified ?4-3-ketosteroid-5?-reductase (the 37-kd-liver protein) in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver injury in the rat
Authors: Renee C. Lin, Michael J. Fillenwarth, Xiangnan Du
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

We recently identified △ 4 -3-ketosteroid-5β-reductase as the 37 kd liver protein which is highly susceptible to acetaldehyde modification in rats continuously fed alcohol. The 5β-reductase is a key enzyme involved in bile acid synthesis. We report here that the ability to degrade 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (HCO) was lower in the liver cytosol of alcohol-fed rats than in control animals, suggesting an inhibition of the 5β-reductase enzyme activity by acetaldehyde modification. We also showed that HCO exhibited a time- and concentration-dependent cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells. HCO cytotoxicity was noticeable at a concentration of 2.5 μg/mL. When 10 μg/mL of HCO was added to confluent cell monolayers, 57% and 37% of cells remained viable after 24 and 48 hours of treatment. The decrease in cell viability was accompanied by an increased lactic dehydrogenase activity in the culture medium. DNA extracted from HCO-treated cells showed no evidence of DNA fragmentation when analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Staining with propidium iodide showed no nuclear condensation in cells. Thus, cell death by HCO treatment was caused by necrosis and not by apoptosis. Various agents, including, serum proteins, hormones, bile acids, antioxidants, Ca ++ -chelators, Fe ++ -chelator, CYP450 inhibitor, adenylate cyclase inhibitor, protease inhibitors, and nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, did not protect against HCO cytotoxicity. We speculate that HCO concentrations may be elevated around the pericentral area in the liver after chronic alcohol ingestion, causing local cell necrosis. The release of cellular contents and protein-acetaldehyde adducts (PAAs) may activate nonparenchymal cells and provoke autoimmune reaction. Thus, the formation of the 37 kd-PAA may play an important role in the initiation of alcoholic liver injury.
Binge eating disorder: Current state and future directions
Authors: Louis G. Castonguay, Kathleen L. Eldredge, W.Stewart Agras
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (1995)

This article reviews the empirical evidence that has been accumulated regarding Binge Eating Disorder (BED). Numerous studies have provided a fairly clear picture of the prevalence of this disorder, both in community and clinical samples. Consistent findings have also emerged concerning comorbidity of BED, especially with regard to depression and anxiety. Furthermore, several types of treatment have shown to be effective for individuals with BED. Support for the model of etiology underlying these therapeutic approaches, however, is clearly lacking. Although more research needs to be conducted, it is concluded that there is enough empirical evidence to justify the difference made in the DSM-IV between binge eaters who purge (Bulimia Nervosa) and those who do not (BED). To guide future research, however, it is suggested that a new classification of binge eating problems be adopted in DSM-V.
Cocaine and Traffic Accident Fatalities in New York City
Authors: Bernard Gropper
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Marzuk et al<sup>1</sup>on the prevalence of recent cocaine use among motor vehicle fatalities in New York City was both intriguing and perplexing. The high rate found among passengers and drivers between 16 and 45 years of age did not surprise us, nor did the high conjoint prevalence of cocaine and alcohol. However, we were puzzled by the insignificant changes found in the prevalence of these drugs before and after the widespread availability of crack cocaine (ie, when data from 1984 through 1985 were compared with data from 1986 through 1987). We use a variety of indicators for surveillance of the nature and extent of substance abuse, including the Drug Abuse Warning Network, a probability-based system that collects data on drug abuse—related emergency department and medical examiner mentions from metropolitan areas throughout the country; the Community Epidemiology Work Group, a work group of
Use of Contact Lenses on Mountaineering Expeditions
Authors: Christopher J. Pizzo
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  Daytime use only of contact lenses on mountaineering expeditions is not practical because hand washing is next to impossible, carrying cleansing and storing solutions is inconvenient, and stored soft lenses can freeze. The use of eyeglasses on mountaineering expeditions is also somewhat impractical because they tend to fog up during climbing and multiple pairs must be carried, including one with darkly tinted lenses and side protectors to prevent snow blindness. The development of highly oxygen-permeable, extended-wear soft contact lenses has been followed with a great deal of interest among high-altitude mountaineers who wear eyeglasses. We report the successful use of extendedwear contact lenses to the summit of an 8,000-m (26,240-ft) peak.  The limiting factor in the use of continuous-wear contact lenses at high altitude is the oxygen permeability of the lens, since, at sleep, the cornea is oxygenated by diffusion from the palpebral capillaries. It has been
Alterations in Exchangeable Sodium Content, "Sodium <sup>24</sup> Space" and Body Weight During The Treatment of Congestive Failure
Authors: JERRY K. AIKAWA, REGINALD H. FITZ, SEYMOUR H. LEVITT, AARON J. BLUMBERG, MARIE B. RHYNE
Journal: Circulation (1955)

Serial determinations of the exchangeable sodium content and sodium 24 (Na 24 ) space were made by the radioisotope dilution method in patients with congestive failure during the course of intensive therapy. In most instances, the decrease in body weight was too great to be accounted for solely on the basis of the change in sodium 24 space or exchangeable sodium content. This excess weight loss is attributed to loss of intracellular fluid.
Declining incidence of ventricular fibrillation in myocardial infarction. Implications for the prophylactic use of lidocaine.
Authors: E M Antman, J A Berlin
Journal: Circulation (1992)

The purposes of the present investigation were 1) to track the incidence of primary ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the control and lidocaine-treated groups in the randomized control trials (RCTs) of lidocaine prophylaxis against primary VF in acute myocardial infarction, with particular emphasis on the time frame of the randomized trial, and 2) to estimate the number of patients who must receive lidocaine currently to prevent one episode of VF.The following variables from RCTs published between 1969 and 1988 were entered into logistic regression models to predict the percent of patients developing VF: year of publication of the RCT, method of data analysis used in the RCT, route and technique of lidocaine administration, duration of monitoring for VF, and exclusion criteria before randomization (congestive heart failure/cardiogenic shock, ventricular tachycardia/VF, or bradycardia/atrioventricular block). Year of publication was a significant predictor of VF in both the control and lidocaine groups (p less than or equal to 0.002) even after adjusting for other covariates. Based on a univariate logistic regression model with year as the predictor variable, it was estimated that the incidence of primary VF in the control group fell from 4.51% in 1970 to 0.35% in 1990 and from 4.32% down to 0.11% for the lidocaine group over the same time period. Thus, about 400 patients would currently need prophylaxis with lidocaine to prevent one episode of VF.Present estimates of the risk:benefit ratio of lidocaine prophylaxis should consider the low risk of VF in control patients and the large number who need lidocaine prophylaxis to prevent one episode of VF. When added to the previously reported trend toward excess mortality in lidocaine-treated patients, these data argue against the routine prophylactic use of lidocaine in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Congestive gastropathy in cirrhosis-how bad is red?
Authors: Michael O. Blackstone
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

In a prospective study of the natural history of congestive gastropathy, 212 consecutive cirrhotic patients (75 treated with sclerotherapy) were included. Mean follow-up was 46 months. Mild gastropathy (mosaiclike pattern) was found in 110 patients and severe gastropathy (granular mucosa with cherry spots) was found in 20. Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori , formerly Campylobacter pylori , was 50% in patients without, 43% in those with mild, and 28% in those with severe gastropathy. Congestive gastropathy was significantly more frequent in patients treated with sclerotherapy (83% vs. 50%, P &lt; 10 −5 ). Sixty-month actuarial proportions of patients free of anemia (in the absence of hematemesis or melena), were 17% with severe, 02% with mild, and 93% without gastropathy (P &lt; 10 −8 ). Corresponding figures for overt bleeding were 25%, 73%, and 87% (P &lt; 10 −8 ), whereas those for survival were 46%. 72%. and 85%(P = 0.0005). respectively. A multivariate regression analysis supported the following conclusions: (a) sclerotherapyand the presence of large esophageal varices significantly increase the risk of congestive gastropathy, which (b) is a significant risk indicator of both chronic and overt bleeding but does not independently affect survival.
Comparing cannabis with tobacco
Authors: J. A Henry
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Britain now has 13 million tobacco smokers. This number has been steadily decreasing due to public awareness of the harm caused by tobacco smoking. At the same time the number of cannabis smokers is increasing. Between 1999 and 2001, the number of 14–15 year olds who had tried cannabis rose from 19% to 29% in boys and 18% to 25% in girls, and a Home Office document estimates that 3.2 million people in Britain smoke cannabis. 1 2 However, the harmful effects of smoking cannabis are widely known and have recently been highlighted. 3 4 Although the active ingredients of the cannabis plant differ from those of the tobacco plant, each produces about 4000 chemicals when smoked and these are largely identical. Although cannabis cigarettes are smoked less frequently than nicotine cigarettes, their mode of inhalation is very different. Compared with smoking tobacco, smoking cannabis entails a two thirds larger puff …
RADIONUCLIDE EVALUATION OF PATENT DUCTUS ARTERIOSUS (PDA) IN NEONATOLOGY
Authors: J R Logic, M V Yester, C Satterwhite, G W Vick, J B Phillips, G Cassady
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Logic, J R; Yester, M V; Satterwhite, C; Vick, G W; Phillips, J B; Cassady, G Author Information
Haemopoietic cells mobilised into the circulation by lenograstim as alternative to bone marrow for allogeneic transplants
Authors: I. Baumann, N.G. Testa, C. Lange, E. De Wynter, T. Luft, T.M. Dexter, M.E.H.M. Van Hoef, A. Howell
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
How to tell the truth and avoid the urge to lie: Planning a career in medical research
Authors: Amnon Sonnenberg
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

A scientist can be defined a s someone who tests hypotheses about natural phenomena.Trying to prove a hypothesis is the key element of all research endeavors.Although academic life and scientific careers may appear filled with other pursuits, such as position, fame, publication, and grants, none of these represents more than a fetish.Articles or grants have come to serve a s evidence of good research, simply because they are easier to count than the number of successfully tested hypotheses.Similarly, salary and power associated with a position or funds apportioned with a grant are more readily appreciated than relevant scientific findings.It takes milliseconds to grasp a dollar amount but possibly hours to understand a new concept.That may be one of the reasons that aging and time-deprived chiefs prefer the former parameter.Despite the relatively simple definition of a scientist, many talents come together in the making of a scientist.A successful scientist may excel a s administrator, organizer, thinker, experimenter, craftsman, innovator, writer, speaker, politician, diplomat, and dictator.No scientist covers all and most scientists cover several of these talents.Intelligence is definitely a plus because of its ubiquitous applicability.It helps to conceive better hypotheses, administer more efficiently, or find the most convincing arguments a s a diplomat.I t appears that most successful scientists are gifted writers who love to compose, can express even complicated concepts with ease, and excel a t filling large amounts of empty pages very expeditiously.This talent is definitely required for publishing, grantmanship, and administration.Frequently, a successful scientist is found to be a n efficient administrator and organizer who can also delegate work and coerce, convince, or lure other people to contribute to his or her scientific pursuits.This is not to belittle the selective advantage of innovative From The Medical Collc:gc of Wisconsin a n d I)c:paitnient ofVotrriins Affaiis
Changes in Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Hepatitis C Virus in Opioid Treatment Programs
Authors: Marcus A. Bachhuber, Chinazo O. Cunningham
Journal: JAMA (2013)

To the Editor

Opioid dependence is a risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.1 Opioid treatment programs, which provide medication-assisted treatment to over 300 000 opioid-dependent Americans,2 are well-positioned to offer testing for these infectious diseases to a high-risk population. They were among the first venues to offer HIV testing and are more likely to offer HIV, STI, and HCV testing than other drug treatment programs.1 Private for-profit opioid treatment programs are increasingly widespread and such programs offer on-site HIV testing less often than nonprofit and public programs.3 However, with the 2006 national recommendations for routine opt-out HIV testing,4 we hypothesized that the percent of programs offering on-site testing for HIV, STIs, and HCV would increase.