tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
c-myc antisense oligonucleotides inhibit the colony-forming capacity of Colo 320 colonic carcinoma cells.
Authors: J F Collins, P Herman, C Schuch, G C Bagby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Colo 320 cells are colonic carcinoma cells known to express abundant c-myc mRNA. Based on the response of several hematopoietic cell lines to chemical inducers of differentiation, we reasoned that such agents might have similar inductive activity in Colo 320 cells. Accordingly, we exposed Colo 320 cells to 5 mM sodium butyrate (NaBT) for 7 d. C-myc expression decreased threefold and self-replicative potential decreased (defined as a greater than 60% decrease in colony-forming capacity in soft agar that did not contain inducer). In an effort to demonstrate a direct cause and effect between myc expression and the colony-forming capacity of Colo 320 cells, we exposed these cells to a 15-base antisense c-myc oligonucleotide (complementary to the translation initiation region of exon II). Cells were also exposed to equimolar (20 microM) amounts of sense and missense oligonucleotides. Subsequently, cells were incubated at 10, 20, 30, and 40 microM antisense DNA for 16 h, then washed and plated in oligonucleotide-free agar medium. We demonstrated that: (a) the oligomers were stable in the extracellular medium and in the cell cytoplasm; (b) the uptake of the oligonucleotides was 0.7%; (c) sense and missense oligonucleotides had no effect on colony-forming capacity; and (d) the antisense c-myc oligonucleotide resulted in a 40-75% concentration-dependent decrease in colony-forming capacity. The specific inhibition of colony-forming capacity by antisense DNA suggests that the role of myc expression in Colo 320 cells is similar to its role in hematopoiesis, and that the failure to inhibit myc expression maintains colony-forming capacity. This system provides a new strategy for inducing differentiation and may provide further insight into the genetic factors that govern the process of colonic carcinogenesis.
Electrocardiographic Artifacts Simulating Atrial Flutter
Authors: Melvyn Rubenfire, Saul Rosenzweig
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Proper interpretation of an electrocardiogram (ECG) depends upon the competence of the equipment, the technician, and the electrocardiographer. We have recently observed an unusual electrocardiogram in which a broken wire caused simulation of atrial flutter. The ECG (Figure) performed on a 10-year-old Cambridge ECG recorder, was initially interpreted as demonstrating an unusual flutter mechanism. However, this was only evident in leads II, III, and aV<sub>F</sub>. The remaining leads, although demonstrating 60 cycles interference, showed sinus rhythm and were otherwise normal. The technician alertly switched the channel selector from lead V<sub>1</sub>to standard lead II and the flutter mechanism was again seen. At this point an artifact was suspected and verified to be a broken wire in the left leg electrode. Although the artifact in this particular case was rather easy to detect because the arrhythmia seemed to occur only in the inferior leads, had this
Response to Letters Regarding Article, “Acute Coronary Syndrome and Khat Herbal Amphetamine Use: An Observational Report”
Authors: Waleed M. Ali, Rajvir Singh, Nidal Asaad, Awad Al-Qahtani, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Khalid Al Habib, Ahmad Hersi, Ahmed Al-Motarreb, Hussam Al Faleh, Shukri Al Saif, Wael Almahmeed, Nizar Al Bustani, Kadhim Sulaiman, Haitham Amin, Jawad Al-Lawati, Norah Q. Al-Sagheer
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Evidence based medicine in clinical practice: how to advise patients on the influence of age on the outcome of surgical anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a review of the literature
Authors: P A Sloane, H Brazier, A W Murphy, T Collins
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2002)

Objective: To determine, using a literature search, whether patient age influences the outcome of surgical reconstruction of a torn anterior cruciate ligament. Methods: Medline (1966 to present) was searched using the PubMed interface, Embase (1974 to present) using the Datastar system, and the Cochrane Library at the Update Software web site. Papers retrieved from the three databases were independently assessed by two reviewers using preliminary inclusion criteria. Reference lists of papers satisfying the preliminary criteria were then scanned and appropriate papers reviewed. Any new papers in turn had their reference lists scanned, this process continuing until no new papers were identified. Final inclusion criteria were then applied to all papers satisfying the preliminary inclusion criteria. Results: The initial search identified 661 papers. Exclusion of duplicates produced 536 unique papers. Medline contained 445, Embase 185, and the Cochrane Library 31. Of the 536, 523 were assessed by abstract and 12 by full text; one paper was not retrieved. Application of the preliminary inclusion criteria produced 33 papers. Their reference lists contained 950 references. Scanning of these added six new papers to the dataset. These six had their reference lists assessed; no new papers were identified. Four of the 39 papers in the completed dataset satisfied the final inclusion criteria. There was wide variation in the total number of subjects in the four studies, ranging from 22 to 203 patients. The total number of different outcome measures was 17; only one measure was used by all four studies. None of the objective outcome measures showed any significant difference between age groups, and the subjective measures, which did show differences, were contradictory. A total of 108 interlibrary loans were requested, by a full time researcher, at a total cost of IR£432.00 over a 10 week period. Conclusions: When advising patients on the outcome of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, age should not be considered in isolation. In the absence of relevant guidelines, meta-analyses, or systematic reviews, the application of evidence based medicine to clinical practice has significant resource implications.
Antilymphoid sera in clinical renal allotransplantation
Authors: R. G. Shorter
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  From a clinical trial in renal transplantation of crude γ-globulin derived from horse antihuman lymphoid sera, Starzl and co-workers 1 have noted the unexplained occurrence of pain and tenderness at the site of intramuscular injection and the occurrence of fever.  The reported methods of preparation of antilymphoid sera have varied considerably. For example, for experiments on mice Levey and Medawar 2 used thymic cells to immunize rabbits, each rabbit being given two injections of murine thymic cells. In contrast, to prepare sera for clinical use, Starzl and co-workers 1 employed an immunization schedule in which horses received at least four to six injections of human cadaveric lymphoid cells from lymph nodes, from thymus and spleen, or from splenic cells alone.  After absorptions of the sera with human erythrocytes and kidney and liver tissues, Starzl and co-workers 1 precipitated the crude γ-globulin with ammonium sulfate, dialyzed it against tap
SPECIFIC INFECTIOUS CYSTITIS AND PYELONEPHRITIS OF COWS
Authors: F. S. Jones, Ralph B. Little
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

A specific infection of the urinary tract associated with a diphtheroid has been encountered in cows from three dairy herds. The most characteristic symptom is the frequent passage of turbid or blood-stained urine. The bladder was always found to be involved. The bladder walls were thickened, the mucosa swollen and reddened. Patches of exudate adherent to the bladder mucosa were frequently observed. In certain instances one or both ureters were thickened. In other cases one or both kidneys were involved. The kidney process seemed to originate in the pelvis and extend toward the medulla and cortex. The characteristic bacilli were always found in large numbers in the urinary sediment and the pelves of involved kidneys.
From Rx to OTC: More Drugs Make the Switch
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

SWITCHING DRUGS from prescription to over-the-counter (OTC) status is proceeding at an ever-increasing pace. In the 10years from 1984 to 1994,9drugs were switched from prescription to OTC status—an average of about 1 a year. But in 1995 alone, 7 agents were moved to OTC status, and last year, 13 drugs were switched to OTC. Two more have been added so far in 1997 (see box). "This is a trend and it's going to continue," said Randy Juhl, PhD, speaking at a briefing for health professionals held by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Juhl is dean of the University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy and a former chair of the FDA's Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee. Juhl noted that only in December 1992 did the OTC advisory committee hold its first meeting. David Kessler, MD, former FDA commissioner, put the group together in response to pressure to place more drugs in
Abnormal hematopoiesis in Gab2 mutant mice
Authors: Yi Zhang, Ernesto Diaz-Flores, Geqiang Li, Zhengqi Wang, Zizhen Kang, Eleonora Haviernikova, Sara Rowe, Cheng-Kui Qu, William Tse, Kevin M. Shannon, Kevin D. Bunting
Journal: Blood (2007)
Nomenclature: Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: KATHLEEN CASE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Editorials1 July 1986Nomenclature: Human Immunodeficiency VirusKATHLEEN CASEKATHLEEN CASEAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-1-133 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA subcommittee of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses has recommended that the retrovirus isolates identified as causative agents for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) be renamed with a virus group name,human immunodeficiency virus, to be abbreviated HIV. In a letter published in the 9 May issue ofScience(1), a majority of the committee members urged adoption of the new name, to eliminate "the multiplicity of names currently in use." The virus has variously been called lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) or human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III). In this journal we have used a compound, abbreviated term, HTLV-III/LAV....References1. COFFINHAASELEVY JAJ. Human immunodeficiency viruses [Letter]. Science. 1986;232:697. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MARX J. AIDS virus has new name—perhaps. Science. 1986;232:699-700. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPandemics of the 21st century: lessons and future perspectivesDyspnea in homosexual male patients: throwback to an occasionally forgotten but severe clinical presentation of HIV/AIDSThe Bio/Necropolitics of ACTG 076: Lessons from Pregnant Women of Colour Living with HIV for Treatment for Prevention in the Twenty-first CenturyUterine Cervical Cancer in Women with HIV InfectionRecommended Resources on the Role of Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants in HIV Infection and AIDSAcquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeThe spectrum of peripheral neuropathy associated with ARC and AIDSRisk of AIDS-related virus (human immunodeficiency virus) transmission through apheresis procedures 1 July 1986Volume 105, Issue 1Page: 133-133KeywordsAIDSHIVLymphadenopathy associated virusRetroviruses Issue Published: 1 July 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Fever in Obstetric and Gynecologic Patients
Authors: Jerri Ann Jenista
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Klimek et al reported an interesting study of fever in hospitalized obstetric and gynecologic patients. Of the obstetric patients, 52% did not satisfy bacteriologic or presumptive clinical or laboratory criteria to establish the diagnosis of infection. However, no viral studies were reported nor was there a comment concerning the seasonal distribution of the incidence of fever. This study covered at least one summer in a temperate city when enterovirus shed is usually prevalent. Enterovirus disease may often occur as a nonspecific febrile illness<sup>1</sup>or with symptoms indistinguishable from those of early labor, ie, abdominal pain or mild diarrhea. Although Klimek et al classified all the obstetric patient infections as nosocomial, since there were no signs of incubating disease at admission, it seems probable that some of these postpartum fevers may have been attributable to enterovirus infection. The importance of such a diagnosis lies in the outlook
A Rare Case of Myocardial Infarction and Ischemia in a Cannabis-Addicted Patient
Authors: Irene Kotsalou, Panagiotis Georgoulias, Ioannis Karydas, Stefanos Fourlis, Chrysa Sioka, Antonis Zoumboulidis, Nikolaos Demakopoulos
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

It is known that cannabis addicts may develop myocardial ischemia and infarction with various possible mechanisms. On the other hand, there are only few published reports on myocardial perfusion imaging in cannabis users with negative coronary angiography. The authors present an unusual case of a 53-year-old cannabis user with a recent myocardial infarction who presented with angina and underwent stress (modified Bruce protocol) –rest myocardial perfusion single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) using Tc-99m tetrofosmin as the radiopharmaceutical. Myocardial SPECT demonstrated extensive findings related to myocardial necrosis and ischemia. The patient underwent coronary angiography, which did not reveal hemodynamically significant stenoses of the coronary arteries.
"Surgeon=General Sternberg: Two Opinions."
Authors: Charles Smart
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Washington, D. C., March 18, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In an editorial note in theJournalof March 18, 1899 (p. 620), under the title "Surgeon-General Sternberg: Two Opinions," you cite the views of W. E. Curtis, in the<i>Chicago Record</i>of March 4, and those of the<i>Philadelphia Evening Post</i>of the same date, regarding the exec utive ability shown by the surgeon-general of the army in discharging the duties of his office. In the minds of those who are most intimately acquainted with the responsibilities and work of the surgeon-general during the past year there are not two opinions. They concur fully in the views of the<i>Evening Post</i>, as given under the heading "Sternberg, the man of action," and in the editorial expression of opinion with which you judiciously close the article. I, personally, have seen much of the work that was done, and I am confident
Elastase inhibitors of sputum sol phase: variability, relationship to neutrophil elastase inhibition, and effect of corticosteroid treatment.
Authors: R A Stockley, H M Morrison, J A Kramps, J H Dijkman, D Burnett
Journal: Thorax (1986)

The concentrations of three known elastase inhibitors (alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor, antileucoprotease, and alpha 2 macroglobulin) have been determined in the sputum of six patients with obstructive bronchitis over five consecutive days. Antileucoprotease was the major inhibitor measured and potentially could provide more than 80% of the elastase inhibition, whereas the contribution of alpha 2 macroglobulin was less than 0.2%. Comparison with the inhibitory capacity of the secretions active against human neutrophil elastase showed that the inhibitors could account for only about half of the inhibition measured. This suggests the presence of a substantial amount of unrecognised inhibitor. Corticosteroid treatment in 10 patients reduced the mean alpha 1 proteinase inhibitor concentration (p less than 0.025) from 18.6 micrograms/ml (SD 22.5) to 9.8 (6.6). Antileucoprotease, however, increased (p less than 0.05) from 20.5 micrograms/ml (24.3) to 39.3 (23.4). These changes were associated with an increase in elastase inhibition (p less than 0.025) from 180 (160) micrograms elastase/ml secretion to 310 (130), suggesting a beneficial effect of steroid treatment on the antielastases in lung secretions.
THE RAT AS A CARRIER OF SPIROCHÆTA ICTEROHÆMORRHAGIÆ, THE CAUSATIVE AGENT OF WEIL'S DISEASE (SPIROCHÆTOSIS ICTEROHÆMORRHAGICA)
Authors: Yutaka Ido, Rokuro Hoki, Hiroshi Ito, Hidetsune Wani
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

1. On the basis of these findings, we conclude that the extermination of rats and field mice is a highly important prophylactic measure against Weil's disease. 2. The chemical composition of soil and water plays animportant part in the development of Spirochoeta icterohoemorrhagioe, and consequently in the spread of the disease of which it is the causative agent.
Correction: Nocardial Infection
Authors: JAMES H. KRICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments and Corrections1 April 1975Correction: Nocardial InfectionJAMES H. KRICK, M.D.JAMES H. KRICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-4-594_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We wish to point out our error in "Nocardia Infection in Heart Transplant Patients" (Ann Intern Med 82:18-26, 1975). In the discussion section on "Host Defenses against Nocardia," page 25, first paragraph, line 20, the sentence reads:"Experimental evidence in support of the hypothesis has recently been published by Bourgeois and Beaman (25)."This should be corrected:"Experimental evidence in support of the hypothesis (4) that cellular immunity is of major importance in defense againstNocardiain the normal host has recently been published by Bourgeois and Beaman (25)."... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAMES H. KRICK, M.D.Affiliations: Palo Alto Medical Research Foundation 860 Bryant Street Palo Alto, California 94301 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1975Volume 82, Issue 4Page: 594-594KeywordsHeartImmunityNocardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Evolution of Proteasomal ATPases
Authors: Kurt Wollenberg, Jonathan C. Swaffield
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

In eukaryotic cells, the majority of proteins are degraded via the ATP-dependent ubiquitin/26S proteasome pathway. The proteasome is the proteolytic component of the pathway. It is a very large complex with a mass of around 2.5 MDa, consisting of at least 62 proteins encoded by 31 genes. The eukaryotic proteasome has evolved from a simpler archaebacterial form, similar in structure but containing only three different peptides. One of these peptides is an ATPase belonging to the AAA (Triple-A) family of ATPases. Gene duplication and diversification has resulted in six paralogous ATPases being present in the eukaryotic proteasome. While sequence analysis studies clearly show that the six eukaryotic proteasomal ATPases have evolved from the single archaebacterial proteasomal ATPase, the deep node structures of the phylogenetic constructions lack resolution. Incorporating physical data to provide support for alternative phylogenetic hypotheses, we have constructed a model of a possible evolutionary history of the proteasomal ATPases.
Perturbation of calcium homeostasis by CCl4 in rats pretreated with chlordecone and phenobarbital.
Authors: A K Agarwal, H M Mehendale
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on normal powdered diet or on the same diet containing 10 ppm chlordecone (CD) or 225 ppm phenobarbital (PB) for 15 days. On day 15, they received a single IP injection of a subtoxic dose of CCl4. Induction of cytochrome P-450 was greater with phenobarbital treatment than with chlordecone, but the CCl4-induced destruction of P-450 was similar in both groups and was progressive with the dose of CCl4 and with time after CCl4 administration. CCl4 given to animals on normal diet in a dose range of 25 to 200 microL/kg did not significantly alter the P-450 levels. These findings are consistent with greater bioactivation of CCl4 after the above two pretreatments There was a massive accumulation of Ca2+ in CD- and PB-pretreated animals after CCl4 administration, CD being more effective in this regard. Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ was progressive despite the mitochondrial and microsomal sequestration of cytosolic Ca2+ at elevated levels. This perturbation of hepatocellular Ca2+ homeostasis which occurs 3 to 6 hr after CCl4 may prevent hepatocellular repair and renovation in CD-treated animals, leading to progressive hepatic lesion, hepatic failure and animal death by 36 to 48 hr at nontoxic doses of CCl4. Neither CD nor PB nor CCl4 alone affected hepatic Ca2+. These findings suggest that excessive Ca2+ accumulation may be related to the progression of hepatotoxic response to CCl4 in CD-treated animals.
Bilateral Subclavian Vein Thromboses Presenting as a Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Demonstrated by Radionuclide Blood Flow and In-111 WBC Imaging
Authors: TSUNEO HIRANO, KATSUMI TOMIYOSHI, NAOYUKI WATANABE, NOBORU ORIUCHI, HISAO KUMAKURA, AND SHUICHI ICHIKAWA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A superior vena cava syndrome was caused by venous thrombosis of both proximal subclavian veins. Collateral pathways were clearly demonstrated by radioisotope venography. Indium-111 labeled platelet thrombography was useful in localizing thrombotic lesions.
Carotid Bruit and the Risk of Stroke in Elective Surgery
Authors: Allan H. Ropper, Lawrence R. Wechsler, Lennard S. Wilson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

The finding of a carotid-artery bruit before elective surgery leads to a variety of actions among different physicians. Some recommend angiography or noninvasive carotid-artery studies followed by endarterectomy if appropriate,1 , 2 others recommend study only in candidates for cardiac bypass surgery3 4 5 or operations anticipated to involve large blood losses, and many consider the bruit to be an unimportant risk factor for perioperative or intraoperative stroke.6 7 8 9 10 However, studies failing to demonstrate a risk of stroke in association with a carotid bruit have been retrospective, with an uncertain true incidence of bruit and stroke,6 7 8 and sample sizes in prospective studies9 , 10 have not been . . .
Furuncular Myiasis: Alternatives to Bacon Therapy-Reply
Authors: Timothy F. Brewer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We appreciate hearing from Drs Biggar, O'Connor, and Thelin about their experiences with furuncular myiasis and alternative treatments for this problem. Almost any occlusive agent will probably work, and a large number of different compounds have been tried. They all presumably cause larvae to egress from the skin by interfering with their air supply. Bacon therapy is a safe, highly effective, and efficient treatment that led to intact larval removal within 2 to 3 hours. All three letters refer to infestation caused by tumbu larvae (<i>Cordylobia anthropophaga</i>, found in tropical Africa) Bacon therapy was used to treat botfly infestation (<i>Dermatobia hominis</i>, found in Central and South America). Despite many similarities, there are important differences between the two types of myiasis that are reviewed in our article. Botfly larvae are larger and have abdominal hooklets anchoring them under the skin; perhaps this explains why our patients noted intermittent pain,