tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Multiparametric Panel for Ovarian Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Response to Chemotherapy
Authors: Yingye Zheng, Dionyssios Katsaros, Shannon J.C. Shan, Irene Rigault de la Longrais, Mauro Porpiglia, Andreas Scorilas, Nam W. Kim, Robert L. Wolfert, Iris Simon, Lin Li, Ziding Feng, Eleftherios P. Diamandis
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Our goal was to examine a panel of 11 biochemical variables, measured in cytosolic extracts of ovarian tissues (normal, benign, and malignant) by quantitative ELISAs for their ability to diagnose, prognose, and predict response to chemotherapy of ovarian cancer patients. Experimental Design: Eleven proteins were measured (9 kallikreins, B7-H4, and CA125) in cytosolic extracts of 259 ovarian tumor tissues, 50 tissues from benign conditions, 35 normal tissues, and 44 tissues from nonovarian tumors that metastasized to the ovary. Odds ratios and hazard ratios and their 95% confidence interval were calculated. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves for censored survival data were used to evaluate the performance of the biomarkers. Resampling was used to validate the performance. Results: Most biomarkers effectively separated cancer from noncancer groups. A composite marker provided an area under the curve of 0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.95-0.99) for discriminating normal and cancer groups. Univariately, hK5 and hK6 were positively associated with progression. After adjusting for clinical variables in multivariate analysis, both hK10 and hK11 significantly predicted time to progression. Increasing levels of hK13 were associated with chemotherapy response, and the predictive power of hK13 to chemotherapy response was improved by a panel of five biomarkers. Conclusions: The evidence shows that a group of kallikreins and multiparametric combinations with other biomarkers and clinical variables can significantly assist with ovarian cancer classification, prognosis, and response to platinum-based chemotherapy. In particular, we developed a multiparametric strategy for predicting ovarian cancer response to chemotherapy, comprising several biomarkers and clinical features.
Diagnosis of Pain With a Graduated Spinal Block Technique
Authors: E. Warner Ahlgren
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The differential spinal examination has been used at Duke University Medical Center for approximately 15 years in the evaluation of low-back and lower extremity pain. This is a technique of using increasing concentrations of procaine hydrochloride to block nerves of various sizes and degrees of myelinization. With the ever increasing number of compensation and liability cases, there is a corresponding need for this type of diagnostic and prognostic test. It is an attempt to give the physician an objective estimate of the pain. It must be stressed that this is just another test for diagnostic and prognostic evaluation. However, initial results seem to indicate that much weight can be placed on the findings in an attempt to objectively categorize the pain as being either organic or functional and whether it is medicated by sensory or sympathetic pathways.
Kidney Dialysis Treatment for Victims of the Armenian Earthquake
Authors: Allan J. Collins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The earthquake disaster of December 7, 1988, in Spitak, Armenia, set in motion a series of events that led to the delivery of 36,300 kg (80,000 lb) of dialysis equipment and supplies and two teams of dialysis workers from the United States to Yerevan, Armenia. This effort provided insight into the commitment of private citizens and organizations, as well as the ability of U.S. and Soviet officials and citizens to work together in providing disaster relief.Requests for dialysis assistance came to the United States from the Soviet Union on December 10. That evening, Dr. Thomas Pence began a dialogue . . .
Influenza Myocarditis
Authors: Charles A. Coltman
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This report is the study of a case of acute myocarditis with an associated elevation of influenza A complement fixation titer and complete absence of underlying heart disease. The patient had a 13-day elevation of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGO-T) which was felt to be related to the activity of the myocarditis. The literature concerning influenza myocarditis and SGO-T changes in myocarditis was reviewed. It was concluded that the patient's clinical course and SGO-T changes were compatible with those seen in myocarditis of varied etiology, and that a prolonged elevation of SGO-T may be of some assistance in making the difficult diagnosis of myocarditis. This is the first reported case in which underlying coronary artery disease was excluded by coronary angiography.
Family Medicine Research
Authors: Larry Culpepper
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In a national survey of family medicine university units and residencies, 549 MD and 135 PhD faculty pursuing family medicine research were identified. Resources available for research were assessed, as were practice data system characteristics. The practice base nationally of programs pursuing research included 2.6 million patients from 1 million families, making 5.1 million visits per year. Common major impediments to research reported by programs included lack of faculty time (78%), lack of funding for faculty (61%) or staff, equipment and supplies (48%), and lack of research skill (45%) and role models (43%). The annual amount of all research grants received for calendar year 1979 was $3.4 million, of which $2.6 million was from federal government sources. This represented 0.06% of the federal health research effort. Continued development of family medicine research will require increased funding support both for research and research training. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:63-68)
Cathepsin B and D expression in squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: A. KAWADA, K. HARA, E. KOMINAMI, T. KOBAYASHI, M. HIRUMA, A. ISHIBASHI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

To elucidate involvement of proteinases in malignancy of keratinocytes, expression of cathepsin B, a cysteine proteinase, and cathepsin D, an aspartic proteinase, was ascertained in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of normal skin, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Bowen's disease, seborrhoeic keratosis and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Presence of procathepsin B and an intermediate form of cathepsin D was confirmed by Western blotting and enzyme activity analysis. Cathepsin B stained more intensely in SCC tumour cells than in normal epidermis; staining patterns were diffuse, granular or both. Diffuse and granular patterns (procathepsin B and mature enzyme, respectively) appeared in inner and outer parts of tumour islands, respectively. Five of 20 cases of Bowen's disease showed diffuse enhanced cathepsin B expression; 20 cases of seborrhoeic keratosis or BCC did not. Cathepsin D stained intensely in tumour cells of half the SCC cases. The staining manner and distribution of cathepsins B and D was similar in the cytoplasm of cancer cells. No enhanced staining of cathepsin D was seen in any cases of Bowen's disease, seborrhoeic keratosis, or BCC. Coexistence and localization of active mature forms of cathepsins B and D suggests that cooperation between the two enzymes may play an important part in invasion of SCC.
Detection of proximal functional occlusion of three major coronary arteries by contrast-enhanced transesophageal doppler echocardiography
Authors: Masami Nishino, Shiro Hoshida, Shinichiro Suna, Masayuki Taniike, Yasuyuki Egami, Toshihiro Takeda, Ryu Shutta, Masayoshi Kawabata, Hideo Tanahashi, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
A Randomised Phase 2 Study Combining LY2181308 Sodium (Survivin Antisense Oligonucleotide) with First-line Docetaxel/Prednisone in Patients with Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Paweł Wiechno, Bradley G. Somer, Begoña Mellado, Piotr L. Chłosta, José Manuel Cervera Grau, Daniel Castellano, Christoph Reuter, Michael Stöckle, Jörn Kamradt, Joanna Pikiel, Ignacio Durán, Steffen Wedel, Sophie Callies, Valérie André, Karla Hurt, Jacqueline Brown, Michael Lahn, Bernhard Heinrich
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Role of Induction Chemotherapy in Resectable N2 Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Filippo de Marinis, Beatrice Tedesco, Stefano Treggiari, Stefano De Santis, Antonio Cipri, Raffaele Belli, Silvia Condò, Ottavio Ariganello, Michele Di Molfetta, Maria Rita Migliorino
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Use of Premixed Insulin Among the Elderly: Reduction of errors in patient preparation of mixtures
Authors: C Coscelli, G Calabrese, D Fedele, E Pisu, C Calderini, S Bistoni, A Lapolla, M G Mauri, A Rossi, A Zappella
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

To evaluate the accuracy of elderly patients in their mixing of regular and intermediate insulins, to assess the safety and efficacy of premixed insulins compared with extemporarily mixed insulins, and to determine patients' preferences.We conducted a crossover multicenter study of 5 mo duration. Premixed insulins and patient-mixed, human biosynthetic (rDNA) insulins were used among 64 insulin-treated patients with NIDDM. After a 4-wk run-in period, eligible patients were randomly assigned to treatment 1 (extemporarily mixed insulins) or treatment 2 (premixed insulins) for 8 wk. After that period, the two treatments were crossed for an additional 8-wk period. A blood glucose profile was recorded monthly and HbA1c was measured at the beginning and at the end of each treatment period. An in vitro skills test was performed to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of the patient preparation of insulin doses, and a questionnaire was used to determine their personal preferences for premixed versus extemporarily mixed insulin.In our study, the quality of the metabolic control was the same whether patients used self-mixed or premixed insulin. The differences in blood glucose profiles and HbA1c were negligible between type and periods of treatment. The overall number of hypoglycemic episodes increased during the trial in both groups, but the difference between treatments was not significant. The in vitro skills test, however, indicated that the accuracy in the preparation of insulin doses was significantly higher when patients aspirated from one vial compared with preparation from two vials (P < 0.001). The CVs were 3.7% when drawing up a single dose and 5.0% when preparing a mixture, but the ranges were rather elevated (0.1-20.7 and 0.6-35.8%, respectively). Forty-two patients described the preparation of their daily insulin dose as very easy and 21 described it as easy when using premixed insulins versus 11 and 43, respectively, when using extemporarily mixed insulins (P < 0.001).While the quality of the metabolic control was the same whether patients used self-mixed or premixed insulin, the in vitro skills test indicated that insulin preparation by elderly patients is highly inaccurate. In some patients, a modification of the contents of the insulin is likely to occur in a few days. The use of premixed insulins should lessen the errors that occur in mixing insulins and from the contamination of the second insulin vial. Draw-up errors could partially account for the lack of improvement of glucose control during the period when patients received premixed insulins. A longer observation period probably is needed to assess appreciable changes in the quality of diabetes control.
Helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer
Authors: G N J Tytgat, M L Langenberg, E A J Rauws, L A Noach, J Dankert
Journal: BMJ (1991)

resistant to nitroimidazoles.Indiscriminate use of drug regimens without known efficacy, and no facilities to monitor the H pylori state or sensitivi- ties, seem likely to encourage the development of resistant organisms to the level of 80% seen in parts of Africa -a level that is believed to be due to the frequent use of metronidazole in these popula- tions.;Although dual or perhaps even single regimens mav in the future be useful in treating H pylori infection, it seems premature and unwise to advocate wide use of regimens that do not have proved efficacy and may have drawbacks.
By the Numbers: How Much Angina Will Make a Gambler Quit?-Reply
Authors: Nancy L. Greengold
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Familial T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma: Association with von recklinghausen neurofibromatosis and gardner syndrome
Authors: Joseph Kaplan, Barbara Cushing, Chung‐Ho Chang, Ronald Poland, Jacqueline Roscamp, Eugene Perrin, Nirmala Bhaya
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1982)

Abstract A family is described in which three of seven siblings developed a T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma. Tumor cells formed rosettes with sheep erythrocytes, lacked surface Ig, and expressed human T‐ but not B‐lymphocyte antigens. They lacked the enzyme terminal transferase suggesting a lymph node rather than thymic T‐cell origin. Autopsy findings supported this conclusion. All three sibs, like their father, had numerous cafe'‐au'lait spots indicative of Von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis. One child had a subcutaneous fibroma, and another had multiple colonic polyps and exostoses characteristic of Gardner syndrome. Both are autosomal dominant conditions known to predispose to malignancies. The genetic factors responsible for these conditions may also predispose to the development of “postthymic” T‐cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.
From bone biology to clinical outcome: state of the art and future perspectives
Authors: G. Schett, K. G. Saag, J. W. J. Bijlsma
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

In the last decade progress has been made in our understanding of bone biology. In particular, the relation between inflammation and bone has become much clearer, leading to bone-targeting therapies in inflammatory rheumatic diseases. The clinical sequelae of the influences of both inflammation and immobility (due to arthritis) on bone for different rheumatic diseases (such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and spondyloarthritides) have also now captured the attention of clinicians. In the last decade the well-known negative influences of glucocorticoids on bone have become more treatable as a result of new drugs that stimulate osteoblasts and restore the negative bone balance.
Genetic and Environmental Contributions to Alcohol Abuse and Dependence in a Population-Based Sample of Male Twins
Authors: Carol A. Prescott, Kenneth S. Kendler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

Most twin and adoption studies of alcoholism have ascertained cases through treatment settings or archival data; these subjects may differ from affected subjects identified epidemiologically. The authors studied the importance of genetic influences on risk of alcohol-related disorders in a new population-based twin sample.Structured personal interviews were used to assess DSM-III-R-defined and DSM-IV-defined alcohol abuse and dependence among 3,516 twins from male-male pairs born in Virginia between 1940 and 1974.The magnitude of resemblance among twin pairs was similar across several definitions of alcoholism and was substantially higher among 861 identical pairs than among 653 fraternal pairs. On the basis of a liability threshold model, 48%-58% of the variation in liability was attributed to additive genetic factors, with the remainder attributed to environmental influences not shared by family members. When a treatment-based proband concordance model was used, evidence for shared environmental as well as genetic influences emerged.In this first population-based study of male twins from the United States, it was found that genetic factors played a major role in the development of alcoholism among males, with similar influence for alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence. Prior findings implicating the influence of common environment may be attributable to sampling strategy; in this population-based sample, environmental factors shared by family members appear to have had little influence on the development of alcoholism in males.
The good, the bad, the mad cow
Authors: Stacie Bloom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

Canadian officials in mid-January publicized another case of mad cow disease, formally known as bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). This report came on the heels of an announcement by the Bush administration that importing Canadian beef would soon be allowed, reversing an earlier ban put in place when the first case of mad cow disease in Canada was announced in May 2003. The news is frightening to many, since eating the contaminated meat can cause variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, a human form of the brain wasting sickness. Fueling this fear is a report that under certain conditions, prions – which are rogue molecules responsible for causing these diseases – can replicate in organs thought to be prion-free and safe to eat. In the report, published in the January 20 online issue of Science (1), Adriano Aguzzi and colleagues found prions in the liver, kidney, and pancreas of mice infected with a form of prion disease. It was thought that prions only inhabited an animal's brain, spinal cord, and immune system, organs that are removed from the animals before the meat is imported. The new study blurs the line between risky and safe organs and reinforces the need for beefing up inspection of animals in the food chain. Speaking to the JCI, Aguzzi warned that “BSE surveillance in the US is rudimentary.” Fortunately, the results are no cause for alarm, since the chances of contracting prion disease, only seen once in the US, are so low that a major epidemic of the human form of mad cow is very unlikely.
Human and murine antibody recognition is focused on the ATPase/Helicase, but not the protease domain of the hepatitis C virus nonstructural 3 protein
Authors: Margaret Chen, Matti Sällberg, Anders Sönnerborg, Ling Jin, Ashley Birkett, Darrell Peterson, Ola Weiland, David R. Milich
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural (NS) 3 protein has been shown to possess at least two enzymatic domains. The amino terminal third contains a serine-protease domain, whereas the carboxy terminal two thirds is comprised of an adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)/helicase domain. These domains are essential for the maturation of the carboxy-terminal portion of the HCV polyprotein and catalyze the cap synthesis of the RNA genome. In this report, human and murine antibody responses induced by NS3 were characterized using a recombinant full-length NS3 (NS3-FL) protein, or the isolated protease or ATPase/helicase domains, expressed and purified from Escherichia coli. Sera from 40 patients with chronic HCV infection were assayed in enzyme-linked immunoassays (EIAs) for antibody binding to the panel of NS3 proteins. Virtually all patient sera contained antibodies specific for NS3-FL and the ATPase/helicase domain, whereas only 10% of sera reacted with the protease domain of NS3. Human antibodies reactive with NS3-FL were highly restricted to the immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) isotype and were inhibited by soluble ATPase/helicase, but not by the protease domain. The anti-NS3 (ATPase/helicase) reactivity decreased on denaturation by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and β -mercaptoethanol (2ME), suggesting the recognition of nonlinear or conformational B-cell determinants. Similar to infected humans, mice immunized with NS3-FL developed high-titered primary antibody responses to the NS3 ATPase/helicase domain, whereas an anti-NS3 protease response was not observed after primary or secondary immunizations. Thus, the human and murine humoral immune responses to the HCV NS3 protein are focused on the ATPase/helicase domain, are restricted to the IgG1 isotype in humans, and are conformationally dependent. Unexpectedly, in both species, the NS3 protease domain, present in the context of the full-length NS3, appears to possess low intrinsic immunogenicity in terms of antibody production.
Correlates of physical activity in a sample of older adults with type 2 diabetes.
Authors: L M Hays, D O Clark
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Physical activity is integral to the management of type 2 diabetes. Unfortunately, the majority of adults with type 2 diabetes do not regularly engage in physical activity. The purpose of this study was to assess physical activity behavior and its correlates (i.e., physical activity knowledge, barriers, and performance and outcome expectations) in older adults with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A subgroup of 260 adults with type 2 diabetes was identified from a larger stratified random sample of adults aged &amp;gt; or = 55 years. Participants completed an interviewer-administered survey designed from focus group findings and social learning theory. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents (54.6%) reported 0 min of weekly physical activity. This was especially true of older female respondents. Performance expectation scores were lower among respondents who were in the oldest age-group, namely, white women. Physical activity knowledge varied by age-group, and barriers to physical activity were prevalent in all groups. The following are significant correlates of reported weekly physical activity: younger age, more education, fewer motivational barriers, and greater perceived health and performance expectations. CONCLUSIONS: Given the importance of physical activity to diabetes management, the low prevalence of physical activity found in this and other studies should raise concerns among clinicians. Future research to identify predictors of physical activity is needed to guide clinicians in the promotion of physical activity.
Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Oral Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Authors: JinQiu Yuan, RenJie Zhang, ZuYao Yang, Jack Lee, YaLi Liu, JinHui Tian, XiWen Qin, ZhengJia Ren, Hong Ding, Qing Chen, Chen Mao, JinLing Tang
Journal: European Urology (2013)