tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pit Cell-Hepatocyte Contact in Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Kenji Kaneda, Narito Kurioka, Shuichi Seki, Kenjiro Wake, Sukeo Yamamoto
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

This is the first report to document pit cells in the human liver. These cells were identified by characteristic electron-dense granules and rod-cored vesicles. The granules of human pit cells were smaller in number and size than those of the rat. In the present case of autoimmune hepatitis, pit cells and conventional agranular lymphocytes migrated into hepatic parenchyma and contacted degenerating and immature hepatocytes. Pit cells show natural killer activity (Kaneda et al., 1983), and may participate in development of lesions and cellular damage.
Frontal lobe functions in reading: Evidence from dyslexic children performing nonreading saccade tasks
Authors: Burkhart Fischer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Reichle et al. show that saccades in reading are controlled by linguistic processing. The authors' Figure 13 shows the parietal and frontal eye fields as parts of a neural implementation. This commentary presents data from dyslexics performing nonreading saccade tasks. The dyslexics exhibit deficits in antisaccade control. Improvement of the deficits is achieved in 85% of the cases and results in advantages in learning how to read.
Access to Health Care and Control of ABCs of Diabetes
Authors: Xuanping Zhang, Kai McKeever Bullard, Edward W. Gregg, Gloria L. Beckles, Desmond E. Williams, Lawrence E. Barker, Ann L. Albright, Giuseppina Imperatore
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

To examine the relationship between access to health care and diabetes control.Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999-2008, we identified 1,221 U.S. adults (age 18-64 years) with self-reported diabetes. Access was measured by current health insurance coverage, number of times health care was received over the past year, and routine place to go for health care. Diabetes control measures included the proportion of people with A1C >9%, blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg, and non-HDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL.An estimated 16.0% of known diabetic adults were uninsured. Diabetes control profiles were worse among uninsured than among insured persons (A1C >9% [34.1 vs. 16.5%, P = 0.002], blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg [31.8 vs. 22.8%, P < 0.05], and non-HDL cholesterol ≥130 mg/dL [67.1 vs. 65.4%, P = 0.7]). Compared with insured persons, uninsured persons were more likely to have A1C >9% (multivariate-adjusted odds ratio 2.4 [95% CI 1.2-4.7]). Compared with those who reported four or more health care visits in the past year, those who reported no health care visits were more likely to have A1C >9% (5.5 [1.2-26.3]) and blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg (1.9 [1.1-3.4]).In people with diabetes, lack of health care coverage is associated with poor glycemic control. In addition, low use of health care service is associated with poor glucose and blood pressure control.
Are Gallstones and Gallbladder Carcinoma Related?
Authors: Herbert Derman
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE LITERATURE contains many reports stating that gallstones are related to gallbladder carcinoma.<sup>1-3</sup>To test this concept we reviewed 1,396 consecutive cholecystectomies between January, 1948, and June 30, 1960. <h3>Method</h3> The pathological index in the City of Kingston Laboratory which maintains a master file for theKingston Hospital, Benedictine Hospital, Veterans Memorial Hospital, and the Margaretville Hospital was reviewed. No index was available for the year 1950; therefore this entire year was excluded from the series. Cholelithiasis was diagnosed from thecholecystectomy specimens. If the gallbladder had been opened in the operating room, the operative record and the x-ray reports were reviewed for evidence of gallstones. All diagnoses of carcinoma of the gallbladder were reviewed and confirmed by 2 pathologists. <h3>Result</h3> The sex incidence of cholecystectomies was 3 females to 1 male (Table 1). Nineteen primary carcinomas of the gallbladder were found in 1,396 cholecystectomy specimens, an incidence
Absence of P-Selectin, but Not Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Attenuates Neointimal Growth After Arterial Injury in Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
Authors: David Manka, Robert G. Collins, Klaus Ley, Arthur L. Beaudet, Ian J. Sarembock
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —We tested the hypothesis that apolipoprotein (apo)E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice with targeted disruption of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( ICAM-1 ) or P-selectin gene (apoE−/− ICAM-1−/− or apoE−/− P-selectin−/− mice, respectively) are protected from neointima formation after arterial injury through inhibition of monocyte trafficking to sites of endothelial denudation. Methods and Results —ApoE−/−, apoE−/− ICAM-1−/−, or apoE−/− P-selectin−/− mice were fed an atherogenic Western diet for 5 weeks and underwent wire denudation of the left common carotid artery after 1 week of feeding. The absence of P-selectin in apoE−/− mice inhibited neointima formation by 94% ( P &lt;0.0001) after arterial injury and reduced the intima-to-media ratio compared with the presence of P-selectin in apoE−/− mice. ICAM-1 deficiency did not protect against plaque formation after injury. Large numbers of macrophages were found in the neointima and media of apoE−/− and apoE−/− ICAM-1−/− mice. In contrast, almost no macrophages were found in the media or neointima of injured apoE−/− P-selectin−/− arteries. Conclusions —These findings demonstrate that the complete absence of P-selectin, but not ICAM-1, markedly reduces plaque area and suggest that P-selectin is critical for monocyte recruitment to sites of neointima formation after arterial injury.
Coast Guard Turns to Public Health Service, Civilian Physicians to Meet Medical Needs
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THEN THERE is the US Coast Guard. While the US Air Force, Army, Marine Corps, and Navy are part of the Department of Defense, the US Coast Guard is an agency of the Department of Transportation, and, says Michael P. Hudgins, MD: "The Coast Guard has no medical corps of its own. Our medical staff members are Public Health Service officers on permanent detail. They have to ask for assignment to the Coast Guard." Hudgins, a rear admiral and chief, Office of Health and Safety, says there are 37 000 uniformed members of the Coast Guard and 5000 civilian employees. Their medical needs are taken care of by some 55 physicians. The Coast Guard's infirmaries are at the Coast Guard Academy, New London, Conn, and the Recruit Training Center, Cape May, NJ. However, Hudgins says: "We don't run a complex and expensive modern hospital system. Instead, we use military [Navy,
BASIC CONCEPTS IN THE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PSYCHOSOMATIC DERMATOSES—II
Authors: FRANK E. CORMIA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1951)

Journal Article BASIC CONCEPTS IN THE PRODUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF THE PSYCHOSOMATIC DERMATOSES—II Get access FRANK E. CORMIA, M.D. FRANK E. CORMIA, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 4, 1 April 1951, Pages 129–151, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1951.tb13704.x Published: 01 April 1951
Significance of left ventricular outflow tract cross-sectional area in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment.
Authors: P Spirito, B J Maron
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The morphologic determinants of subaortic obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are not completely understood. To define the relation between left ventricular outflow tract orifice size and presence or absence of subaortic obstruction, we studied 65 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 16 normal controls by quantitative two-dimensional echocardiography. Left ventricular outflow tract area was measured at the onset of systole in the short-axis view in the stop-frame mode. Left ventricular outflow tract area was significantly smaller in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and subaortic obstruction (2.6 +/- 0.7 cm2) than in patients without obstruction (5.9 +/- 1.6 cm2, p less than 0.001). Twenty of 21 patients with obstruction had a left ventricular outflow tract area smaller than 4.0 cm2, whereas 28 of 30 patients without obstruction had a left ventricular outflow tract area of 4.0 cm2 or greater. The outflow tract area in patients with provocable obstruction (4.6 +/- 1.6 cm2) was intermediate between the areas of patients with and without obstruction. Left ventricular outflow tract area was significantly smaller in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (4.6 +/- 2.0 cm2) than in normal subjects (10.4 +/- 1.2 cm2, p less than 0.001). We conclude that the cross-sectional outflow tract area is closely related to the presence or absence of subaortic obstruction in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Hence, the size of the outflow tract at the level of the mitral valve appears to be of major pathophysiologic significance in producing obstruction in these patients.
The impact of human immunodeficiency virus infection on drug-resistant tuberculosis.
Authors: F M Gordin, E T Nelson, J P Matts, D L Cohn, J Ernst, D Benator, C L Besch, L R Crane, J H Sampson, P S Bragg, W El-Sadr
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has been associated with increased rates of single- and multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in the New York City area. In order to examine the relationship of HIV infection to drug-resistant tuberculosis in other selected regions of the United States, we established a registry of cases of culture-proven tuberculosis. Data were collected from sites participating in an NIH-funded, community-based HIV clinical trials group. All cases of tuberculosis, regardless of HIV status, which occurred between January 1992 and June 1994 were recorded. Overall, 1,373 cases of tuberculosis were evaluated, including 425 from the New York City area, and 948 from seven other metropolitan areas. The overall prevalence of resistance to one or more drugs was 20.4%, and 5.6% of isolates were resistant to both isoniazid and rifampin (MDR). In the New York City area, HIV-infected patients were significantly more likely than persons not known to be HIV-infected, to have resistance to at least one drug (37% versus 19%) and MDR (19% versus 6%). In other geographic areas, overall drug resistance was 16%, and only 2.2% of isolates were MDR. In multiple logistic regression analyses, HIV infection was shown to be a risk factor for drug-resistant tuberculosis, independent of geographic location, history of prior therapy, age, and race. We concluded that HIV infection is associated with increased rates of resistance to antituberculosis drugs in both the New York City area and other geographic areas. MDR tuberculosis is occurring predominantly in the New York City area and is highly correlated with HIV infection.
Efficacy of Low-Dose Insulin Therapy for Severely Obtunded Patients in Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Authors: Lawrence R Morris, Abbas E Kitabchi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

To evaluate the efficacy of low-dose insulin therapy in cases of severe diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), we examined admission clinical and biochemical parameters and responses to therapy in 48 diabetic patients who presented with DKA and were randomized to receive either high- or low-dose insulin. There were no differences in the initial clinical and biochemical parameters of the patients, regardless of assignment to low or high dose; however, a subgroup of 13 patients who were classified as severe DKA (based on their presentation in a comatose or stuporous state) had, as expected, more marked clinical and biochemical abnormalities than their alert cohorts. The responses to therapy (rate of glucose decrement and control of acidosis) were comparable in the high-dose and low-dose groups of comatose/stuporous patients and were not significantly different from the noncomatose cohorts. These data indicate that low-dose insulin therapy in severely ill comatose patients is as effective as high-dose.
Paying for Kidney Donors
Authors: Aaron Spital
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 July 1993Paying for Kidney DonorsAaron Spital, MDAaron Spital, MDAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-2-199307150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The recent important report by Sesso and colleagues [1] confirms that transplantation of kidneys from living, unrelated donors (LUDs) is at least as effective as transplantation from cadaveric donors. The authors' conclusion, however, that payment for the donor or rewarded gifting is unacceptable ignores a wealth of literature, which suggests that, under certain circumstances, financial incentives for living organ donation may indeed be reasonable.Almost all agree that rampant commercialism, where the care of the donor is less important than the profit, is reprehensible [2]. Yet, some have suggested that rewarded gifting, wherein the donor is compensated ...References1. Sesso R, Klag MJ, Ancao MS, Whelton PK, Seidler A, Sigulem D, et al. Kidney transplantation from living unrelated donors. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:983-9. Google Scholar2. Daar AS, Sells RA. Living nonrelated donor renal transplantationa reappraisal. Transplantation Reviews. 1990; 4:128-40. Google Scholar3. Reddy KC, Thiagarajan CM, Shunmugasundaram D, Jayachandran R, Nayar P, Thomas S, et al. Unconventional renal transplantation in India. Transplant Proc. 1990; 22:910-1. Google Scholar4. Thiagarajan CM, Reddy KC, Shunmugasundaram D, Jayachandran R, Nayar P, Thomas S, et al. The practice of unconventional renal transplantation (UCRT) at a single centre in India. Transplant Proc. 1990; 22:912-4. Google Scholar5. The Council of the Transplantation Society. Commercialization in transplantation: the problems and some guidelines for practice. Transplantation. 1986; 41:1-3. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Aaron Spital, MDAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEthical and medical dilemmas in paid living kidney donor transplantationOutcome of living unrelated (commercial) renal transplantation 15 July 1993Volume 119, Issue 2Page: 172-173KeywordsMedical dialysisMortalityMotivationRenal diseasesRenal failureRenal transplantationTransplantation ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Survival During Fasting-Reply
Authors: E. B. Marliss
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Forbes' calculations on nonobese fasters are based on the scant published values, largely from 1906 to 1915 and including data of uncertain reliability. The value of 20 g of nitrogen per kilogram of weight lost derives from four such subjects (one aged 8 years), three of whom fasted only two weeks. Another lean subject who fasted five weeks showed a ratio of 10 g of nitrogen per kilogram, a value like those found in longer fasts by obese subjects. Studies of both obese and nonobese persons consistently show accelerated nitrogen mobilization early in fasting, including that of Dr Forbes, which gives a higher ratio of nitrogen per kilogram in the first two weeks. Even using the 20 g of nitrogen per kilogram value, estimated initial weight of 70 kg, and 23.5-kg loss during the hunger strikes, the resulting 470-g nitrogen loss (2.9 kg of protein) represents about
TCTAP A-115 Determinants of Impaired Microcirculatory Resistance in Patients with ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yong Soo Baek, Seong Ill Woo, Sang Don Park, Soo Han Kim, Man Jong Lee, Sung Hee Shin, Dae Hyeok Kim, Jun Kwan, Keum Soo Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Optimal Timing of Colonoscopy to Screen for Cancer in Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: BRET A. LASHNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Patients with ulcerative colitis have a high risk of colon cancer that increases with duration of disease. Annual colonoscopy with biopsies for 99 patients with pancolitis and a mean duration of disease at entry of 17 years was evaluated. The outcomes of mucosal dysplasia or cancer were analyzed to determine the annual risk (hazard rate) of high-grade dysplasia or colon cancer. The hazard rates were used to recommend screening intervals. The delay in the diagnosis of cancer is minimized for any given number of tests when the time between tests is inversely proportional to the square root of the hazard rate. Since the hazard rate for cancer increases with duration of disease, intervals for screening tests should not be uniform. For a range of reasonable marginal benefits from additional testing, the number of tests recommended is less than the number of tests done in fixed-interval screening programs. Scheduling screening tests using patient-specific hazard rates to minimize the delay in the diagnosis of cancer reduces the number of colonoscopies, associated cost, and morbidity.
Simultaneous Overexpression of Two Stress Proteins in Rat Cardiomyocytes and Myogenic Cells Confers Protection Against Ischemia-Induced Injury
Authors: Sandy Lau, Nandita Patnaik, M. Richard Sayen, Ruben Mestril
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Mitochondria are known to be a major target during ischemic cardiac injury. Previous studies have shown that in rodent myogenic cells and in the hearts of transgenic mice in which the heat shock or stress protein 70 is increased, there is a marked tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury. Two other heat shock proteins (HSP60 and HSP10) are known to form, within the mitochondria, a chaperonin complex that is important for mitochondrial protein folding and function. We were then interested in investigating whether increased expression of these two stress proteins is able to protect myogenic cells against ischemia/reperfusion injury.We generated recombinant adenoviral vectors containing HSP60, HSP10, or a combination of the two genes. These adenoviral constructs overexpress significant amounts of these stress proteins in both rat neonatal cardiomyocytes and the myogenic H9 c2 cell line. Cells infected with an adenoviral construct overexpressing both HSP60 and HSP10 were found to be protected against simulated ischemia, whereas cells infected with adenoviral constructs overexpressing only HSP60 or HSP10 alone were not rendered tolerant to simulated ischemic injury.These results suggest that the simultaneous expression of these two proteins that form a chaperonin complex in the mitochondria plays an important role in the survival of myogenic cells after ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Ageing, menopause, and ischaemic heart disease mortality in England, Wales, and the United States: modelling study of national mortality data
Authors: D. Vaidya, D. M. Becker, V. Bittner, R. A. Mathias, P. Ouyang
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objectives</b> To use changes in heart disease mortality rates with age to investigate the plausibility of attributing women’s lower heart disease mortality than men to the protective effects of premenopausal sex hormones. <b>Design</b> Modelling study of longitudinal mortality data with models assuming (i) a linear association between mortality rates and age (absolute mortality) or (ii) a logarithmic association (proportional mortality). We fitted models to age and sex specific mortality rates in the census years 1950 to 2000 for three birth cohorts (1916-25, 1926-35, and 1936-45). <b>Data sources</b> UK Office for National Statistics and the US National Center for Health Statistics. <b>Main outcome measure(s)</b> Fit of models to data for England and Wales and for the US. <b>Results</b> For England-Wales data, proportional increases in ischaemic heart disease mortality fitted the data better than absolute increases (improvement in deviance statistics: women, 58 logarithmic units; men, 37). We identified a deceleration in male mortality after age 45 years (decreasing from 30.3% to 5.2% per age-year, P=0.042), although the corresponding difference in women was non-significant (P=0.43, overall trend 7.9% per age-year, P&lt;0.001). By contrast, female breast cancer mortality decelerated significantly after age 45 years (decreasing from 19.3% to 2.6% per age-year, P&lt;0.001). We found similar results in US data. <b>Conclusions</b> Proportional age related changes in ischaemic heart disease mortality, suggesting a loss of reparative reserve, fit longitudinal mortality data from England, Wales, and the United States better than absolute age related changes in mortality. Acceleration in male heart disease mortality at younger ages could explain sex differences rather than any menopausal changes in women.
Dimethylarginines at the crossroad of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis
Authors: Judit Zsuga, János Török, Mária T. Magyar, Attila Valikovics, Rudolf Gesztelyi, Ágota Lenkei, László Csiba, Sándor Kéki, Miklós Zsuga, Dániel Bereczki
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Suicide Attempt by a 10-Year-Old After Quadruple Amputations
Authors: H. L. P. Resnik
Journal: JAMA (1970)

A 10-year-old boy who underwent quadruple amputation for Waterhouse-Friderichsen's syndrome attempted suicide. The attempt followed a 48-hour period immediately after surgical removal of his last remaining extremity. The failure of attending and house staff to visit and reassure the boy during this time was a direct manifestation of continuous interservice discord concerning the amputations.
Association between Atherosclerotic Diseases and Carboxyhaemoglobin Levels in Tobacco Smokers
Authors: N. Wald, S. Howard, P. G. Smith, K. Kjeldsen
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In a cross-sectional study carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) levels in tobacco smokers were found to provide a better indication of a person9s risk of having developed certain atherosclerotic diseases, including ischaemic heart disease, than the smoking history. In the age group 30-69 years a person with a COHb level of 5% or more was found to be 21 times (lower 95% confidence limit 3·3 times) as likely to be affected by these diseases as another person of the same age and sex with similar smoking history and current smoking habits but with a COHb level of less than 3%.
Desire for Information and Involvement in Treatment Decisions: Lung Cancer Patients' Preferences and Their Physicians' Perceptions: Results from Okayama Lung Cancer Study Group Trial 0705
Authors: Katsuyuki Hotta, Katsuyuki Kiura, Nagio Takigawa, Hiroshige Yoshioka, Hidetoshi Hayashi, Hajime Fukuyama, Akihiro Nishiyama, Toshihide Yokoyama, Shoichi Kuyama, Shigeki Umemura, Masayuki Yasugi, Masahiro Tabata, Mitsune Tanimoto, Yuka Kato, Naoyuki Nogami, Yoshihiko Segawa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Health secretary demands patients have equal access to cancer drugs
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In its first major review of cancer policy since the NHS cancer plan was announced in 2000 the government says that it is already halfway to meeting the central target set for 2010 but that more must be done to even out social and geographical disparities in treatment and outcomes.

The three year progress report, Maintaining the Momentum , pronounces the government well satisfied with its progress to date and lists hundreds of initiatives, programmes, and organisations started over the past three years.

Introducing the document in the …
Sleep Duration Affects Risk for Ulcerative Colitis: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, Hamed Khalili, Gauree G. Konijeti, Leslie M. Higuchi, Punyanganie de Silva, Charles S. Fuchs, James M. Richter, Eva S. Schernhammer, Andrew T. Chan
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)