tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bindine affinities of allergens from pollen, mites, and house dust for specific IgG subclass antibodies
Authors: L. Boluda, B. de la Cuadra, L. Berrens
Journal: Allergy (1996)

The distribution and affinity of IgG subclasses against various aeroallergens were assessed by inhibition of specific antibody binding. Two parameters from the dose-response curves were taken as indicative of antibody affinity: the point of 50% inhibition and the value of the slopes on double-log plots. It was found that IgG4 antibody specific for aeroallergens (i.e., from pollens of several species of Gramineae, Olea europaea, and Parietaria judaica and from house dust) usually exhibits high affinity, except for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. High binding affinity was also displayed by IgG1 subclass antibodies against the allergens of O. europaea and P. judaica. Distinct IgG subclass affinity profiles were observed for the allergens of grass pollen (i.e., Holcus lanatus) and dust mites (i.e., D. pteronyssinus). These results demonstrate that IgG subclass distribution, as well as antibody affinity, depends on the nature of the sensitizing allergen.
Case 7-1983
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Marvin E. Ament, David L. Gang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 6 1/2-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of hematuria.He was born of a 23-year-old mother with an uncomplicated first pregnancy and delivery. The initial growth and development were normal. He was well until four months before admission, when gross, painless hematuria occurred and persisted for a week or two. An intravenous urographic examination and a voiding cystourethrographic study, performed elsewhere, were negative except for slight irregularity of the bladder. Several weeks later hematuria recurred and thereafter waxed and waned. One month before entry he was first seen at this hospital, where . . .
THE PARASITES RECENTLY FOUND IN SYPHILIS
Authors: E. Jennings
Journal: BMJ (1912)

Tlr. TT l 655 the corpuscles.The free granules, which are frequently to ba met with in pairs, each individual being apparently connected to its fellow by an invisible thread, are muich more highly refractile,vandoappear to exlhibit more umarked Browniaf movemient than do the fiee leucocyte granules and the, oher gianules.tobe fouiid in fre §h blood prepara- tions.-4inone -occasiorranpir of granules ihich were seen to escape from a free haimogregarine were found overnight to have taken up a position actually inside a neighlouring red blood corpuscle.Moreover, these two intracorpuscular granules were found to have divided into four between 10.30 a.m. and 4 p.m. of.the same day.*Theektrusion of these granules from the nucleuLs of the
Agoraphobia and Panic
Authors: Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, Agnes Nocon, Katja Beesdo, Daniel S. Pine, Michael Höfler, Roselind Lieb, Andrew T. Gloster
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

Background: The relationship of panic attacks (PA), panic disorder (PD) and agoraphobia (AG) is controversial. The aim of the current study is to prospectively examine the 10-year natural course of PA, PD and AG in the first three decades of life, their stability and their reciprocal transitions. Methods: DSM-IV syndromes were assessed via Composite International Diagnostic Interview – Munich version in a 10-year prospective-longitudinal community study of 3,021 subjects aged 14–24 years at baseline. Results: (1) Incidence patterns for PA (9.4%), PD (with and without AG: 3.4%) and AG (5.3%) revealed differences in age of onset, incidence risk and gender differentiation. (2) Temporally primary PA and PD revealed only a moderately increased risk for subsequent onset of AG, and primary AG had an even lower risk for subsequent PA and PD. (3) In strictly prospective analyses, all baseline groups (PA, PD, AG) had low remission rates (0–23%). Baseline PD with AG or AG with PA were more likely to have follow-up AG, PA and other anxiety disorders and more frequent complications (impairment, disability, help-seeking, comorbidity) as compared to PD without AG and AG without PA. Conclusions: Differences in incidence patterns, syndrome progression and outcome, and syndrome stability over time indicate that AG exists as a clinically significant phobic condition independent of PD. The majority of agoraphobic subjects in this community sample never experienced PA, calling into question the current pathogenic assumptions underlying the classification of AG as merely a consequence of panic. The findings point to the necessity of rethinking diagnostic concepts and DSM diagnostic hierarchies.
Involve complementary medicine practitioners in research
Authors: J. L Wardle
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Complementary medicine is rightly criticised for the unprincipled actions of some therapists,1 2 which unfairly taint the many more scrupulous practitioners. However, my recent report to the Australian government indicated that complementary therapists are overwhelmingly in favour of greater regulation and tighter restrictions.3 They also want more collaboration with evidence …
Sustained Care Intervention and Postdischarge Smoking Cessation Among Hospitalized Adults
Authors: Nancy A. Rigotti, Susan Regan, Douglas E. Levy, Sandra Japuntich, Yuchiao Chang, Elyse R. Park, Joseph C. Viana, Jennifer H. K. Kelley, Michele Reyen, Daniel E. Singer
Journal: JAMA (2014)

IMPORTANCEHealth care systems need effective models to manage chronic diseases like tobacco dependence across transitions in care.Hospitalizations provide opportunities for smokers to quit, but research suggests that hospital-delivered interventions are effective only if treatment continues after discharge.OBJECTIVE To determine whether an intervention to sustain tobacco treatment after hospital discharge increases smoking cessation rates compared with standard care. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA randomized clinical trial compared sustained care (a postdischarge tobacco cessation intervention) with standard care among 397 hospitalized daily smokers (mean age, 53 years; 48% were males; 81% were non-Hispanic whites) who wanted to quit smoking after discharge and received a tobacco dependence intervention in the hospital; 92% of eligible patients and 44% of screened patients enrolled.The study was conducted from August 2010 through November 2012 at Massachusetts General Hospital.INTERVENTIONS Sustained care participants received automated interactive voice response telephone calls and their choice of free smoking cessation medication (any type approved by the US Food and Drug Administration) for up to 90 days.The automated telephone calls promoted cessation, provided medication management, and triaged smokers for additional counseling.Standard care participants received recommendations for postdischarge pharmacotherapy and counseling. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was biochemically confirmed past 7-day tobacco abstinence at 6-month follow-up after discharge from the hospital; secondary outcomes included self-reported tobacco abstinence.RESULTS Smokers randomly assigned to sustained care (n = 198) used more counseling and more pharmacotherapy at each follow-up assessment than those assigned to standard care (n = 199).Biochemically validated 7-day tobacco abstinence at 6 months was higher with sustained care (26%) than with standard care (15%) (relative risk [RR], 1.71 [95% CI, 1.14-2.56],P = .009;number needed to treat, 9.4 [95% CI, 5.4-35.5]).Using multiple imputation for missing outcomes, the RR for 7-day tobacco abstinence was 1.55 (95% CI, 1.03-2.21;P = .04).Sustained care also resulted in higher self-reported continuous abstinence rates for 6 months after discharge (27% vs 16% for standard care; RR, 1.70 [95% CI, 1.15-2.51];P = .007).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among hospitalized adult smokers who wanted to quit smoking, a postdischarge intervention providing automated telephone calls and free medication resulted in higher rates of smoking cessation at 6 months compared with a standard recommendation to use counseling and medication after discharge.These findings, if replicated, suggest an approach to help achieve sustained smoking cessation after a hospital stay.
PEPTIC ULCER FROM THE INTERNIST'S STANDPOINT
Authors: LEWELLYS F. BARKER
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The old idea that chronic gastric ulcer occurs with much greater frequency than chronic duodenal ulcer has been abandoned since clinicians (especially surgeons) awakened the attention of pathologists to the frequency of the latter lesion. In 1833, the relative proportion of gastric ulcers to duodenal ulcers in necropsy reports was 39: 1; in 1870, it became 12: 1; in 1913, in Berlin statistics, it had fallen to 1: 1. These differences in reported incidence at necropsies appear to have been due partly to negligence of close examination of the duodenum in the earlier periods, partly (before the criteria for recognition of the boundary line between pylorus and duodenum had been established) to the assumption that juxtapyloric ulcers were all of gastric origin. The view, too, that gastric ulcer occurs much more often in women than in men and duodenal ulcer more often in men than in women, has given way
Congestive Cardiomyopathy in Association with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Ira S. Cohen, David W. Anderson, Renu Virmani, Bernard M. Reen, Abe M. Macher, Joel Sennesh, Paul DiLorenzo, Robert R. Redfield
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV, or HTLV-III/LAV) results in global immune dysfunction and leads to a breakdown in the ability of the host to mount an immune response, thereby facilitating unremitting infections by predominantly opportunistic pathogens,1 2 3 4 with or without Kaposi's sarcoma. These secondary events result in organ-system damage and in some cases in organ failure. To date, serious organ-system failure has been documented in the pulmonary, gastrointestinal, renal, and central nervous systems.4 5 6 Clinical cardiac involvement has received little attention except as a site of spread of Kaposi's sarcoma.7 , 8 Recently, we observed three fatal cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome . . .
Transfusion‐associated graft‐versus‐host disease in an immunocompetent patient following accidental injury
Authors: Hikaru Kobayashi, Kiyoshi Kitano, Etsuo Kishi, Kenichi Hara, Fumihiro Ishida, Hiroshi Saito, Masao Ota, Seiichi Furuta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract We report a case of transfusion‐associated graft‐vs.‐host disease (TA‐GVHD) in a previously healthy, 58 year old Japanese man following an accidental injury. Despite intensive treatment, the patient died 22 days after the transfusion. Although many cases of fatal TA‐GVHD have been reported in immunocompetent patients, only two are known to have developed this disorder unrelated to a surgical procedure. This is the first such case to be confirmed by HLA typing. Our report suggests that TA‐GVHD can occur even in a healthy, immunocompetent recipient. Thus, it seems necessary to establish guidelines for the irradiation of cellular blood products before transfusion.
Skin Tests in Bacterial and Viral Diseases
Authors: Lewis W. Kane
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1945)

IN RECENT years the clinician has employed the products of a variety of bacteria, viruses, protozoa and fungi as antigens in performing skin tests to demonstrate a previous infection with a given pathogenic agent. In numerous cases these tests have proved to be of great value in the differential diagnosis of many infectious diseases, and have been of inestimable aid in determining susceptibility to or immunity against a given infectious agent. In addition, a skin test has been employed to give valuable prognostic information as well as to guide serum therapy in pneumococcal pneumonia. It is the purpose of this . . .
Abstract 3257: NEDD9 is required for initiation of HER2/Neu-dependent mammary tumor development
Authors: Joy L. Little, Eugene Izumchenko, Mahendra K. Singh, Sachiko Seo, Mineo Kurokawa, Brian L. Egleston, Andres Klein-Szanto, Erica A. Golemis
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Neural precursor cell-Expressed Developmentally Downregulated gene 9 (NEDD9; HEF1, CAS-L) is a scaffolding protein regulating mitosis, survival, and migration. Within the last 3 years, overexpression of NEDD9 has been implicated in the progression and metastasis of several cancers. Using a Nedd9 knockout strain, we have evaluated the in vivo requirement for NEDD9 in mammary tumorigenesis. Loss of Nedd9 increased the latency of tumor formation in the aggressive MMTV-Polyoma Virus middle T antigen (PyV(m)T) model of mammary tumorigenesis (Izumchenko et al. Cancer Res, 2009). We and others have shown that NEDD9 interacts with and positively regulates activity of key oncogenic signaling proteins such as Aurora-A kinase (AURKA) and Src in cell culture. Tumors harvested from MMTV-PyV(m)T;Nedd9−/− mice had greatly reduced activation of AURKA, SRC, and also FAK and AKT, with the lowest levels of activation correlating with the greatest delays in tumor onset. To explore the role of NEDD9 in a second highly physiological model of mammary tumorigenesis, Nedd9−/− mice were crossed to MMTV-neu (HER2; ErbB2) transgenic mice, and compared with MMTV-neu;Nedd9+/+ counterparts. Strikingly, after over 18 months, 89% of MMTV-neu;Nedd9+/+ mice developed tumors, in contrast to only 29% of MMTV-neu;Nedd9−/− mice. Between genotypes, there is no statistical difference between tumor growth rates or metastasis. Cell lines derived from tumors of both MMTV-neu;Nedd9+/+ and MMTV-neu;Nedd9−/− animals were then used for xenograft tumor growth and experimental metastasis assays. MMTV-neu;Nedd9−/− tumor-derived cell lines grew similarly to MMTV-neu;Nedd9+/+ counterparts as xenografts in the mammary fat pads of SCID mice, but metastasized to the lungs of SCID mice less readily following tail vein injection. These and other data indicate a novel role for NEDD9 in mammary tumor initiation distinct from the role controlling metastasis and progression of tumors in cooperation with the oncogenes FAK and SRC. Further, the work suggests that HER2-driven mammary tumorigenesis is dependent on NEDD9 at initial stages, but NEDD9 is not required for tumor maintenance, progression, or metastasis from primary organ sites. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3257.
Topical glycopyrrolate should not be overlooked in treatment of focal hyperhidrosis
Authors: G.M. Kavanagh, C. Burns, R.D. Aldridge
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, The recent review article by Lowe et al.1 on the place of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of focal hyperhidrosis omits the topical antimuscarinic agent, glycopyrronium bromide. Topical glycopyrrolate (0·5–4% cream, solution or pads) is indicated mainly for the head and neck2, 3 and various types of gustatory sweating (compensatory,4 diabetic5 and Frey's)6 and, in our experience, is effective and well tolerated. EP and USP grade glycopyrrolate powder can be imported into the U.K. and the desired formulation prepared by ‘Special Order Manufacturers’ (SOMs). The cream formulation should use an acidic base, e.g. Unguentum M, to reduce drug hydrolysis and extend stability; a 3‐month expiry is given by some SOMs. The solution, on the other hand, has a shorter expiry, of 1 month, if pH‐stabilized and refrigerated. Glycopyrrolate may be used twice daily, but it is more usually applied at night. Care should be taken to avoid the nose, mouth, and particularly the eyes, where an inadvertent splash can cause failure to accommodate. Patients often experience a dry mouth and throat, and should be warned about that also. We advise not to wash treated skin for 3–4 h after application, and to store the drug in a cool place. If local prescribing authorities do not allow for provision of glycopyrrolate, it may be obtained by mail from Canada (at http://www.pharmacy.ca).
Cadmium-induced oxidative cellular damage in human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells).
Authors: C F Yang, H M Shen, Y Shen, Z X Zhuang, C N Ong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Epidemiological evidence suggests that cadmium (Cd) exposure causes pulmonary damage such as emphysema and lung cancer. However, relatively little is known about the mechanisms involved in Cd pulmonary toxicity. In the present study, the effects of Cd exposure on human fetal lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells) were evaluated by determination of lipid peroxidation, intra-cellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and changes of mitochondrial membrane potential. A time- and dose-dependent increase of both lactate dehydrogenase leakage and malondialdehyde formation was observed in Cd-treated cells. A close correlation between these two events suggests that lipid peroxidation may be one of the main pathways causing its cytotoxicity. It was also noted that Cd-induced cell injury and lipid peroxidation were inhibited by catalase and superoxide dismutase, two antioxidant enzymes. By using the fluorescent probe 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate, a significant increase of ROS production in Cd-treated MRC-5 cells was detected. The inhibition of dichlorofluorescein fluorescence by catalase, not superoxide dismutase, suggests that hydrogen peroxide is the main ROS involved. Moreover, the significant dose-dependent changes of mitochondrial membrane potential in Cd-treated MRC-5 cells, demonstrated by increased fluorescence of rhodamine 123 examined using a laser-scanning confocal microscope, also indicate the involvement of mitochondrial damage in Cd cytotoxicity. These findings provide in vitro evidence that Cd causes oxidative cellular damage in human fetal lung fibroblasts, which may be closely associated with the pulmonary toxicity of Cd.
HCV clearance and treatment outcome in genotype 1 HCV-monoinfected, HIV-coinfected and liver transplanted patients on peg-IFN-α-2b/ribavirin
Authors: Ana Moreno, Rafael Bárcena, Silvia García-Garzón, Alfonso Muriel, Carmen Quereda, Leonor Moreno, María L. Mateos, Jesús Fortún, Pilar Martín-Dávila, Miguel García, Carlos Blesa, Elena Otón, Alberto Moreno, Santiago Moreno
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Communication to the Editor
Authors: Michael E. De Bakey
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Since the publication of the report of the President's Commission on Heart Disease, Cancer and Stroke last December, and the subsequent introduction of legislation to implement some of its major recommendations, a number of questions and criticisms have been advanced by physicians and others concerning the nature of the Commission's proposals and their impact on American medicine. As one who has been closely associated with this enterprise from its inception and who, moreover, believes profoundly in the benefits to be derived from the Commission's program, I welcome this opportunity to respond to some of these reactions expressed by my colleagues in the medical world.  I begin with a forthright plea for objectivity. As physicians in the latter half of the 20th century, we are of necessity scientists. It is imperative that we retain a scientific attitude as we examine facts and propositions related to the structure and function of our
Commentaries on last month's Controversy articles on reperfusion arrhythmias
Authors: K A A FOX
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Commentaries on last month's Controversy articles on reperfusion arrhythmias Get access K A A FOX K A A FOX Cardiovascular Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 12, December 1993, Page 2285, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.12.2285b Published: 01 December 1993
Ketamine should be upgraded from class C to class B drug, committee says
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Ketamine should be upgraded from a class C to a class B drug because of new evidence of the harms it can cause, government advisers have recommended.

The Advisory Council on the Misuse of Drugs made the recommendation to the Home Office in a report published on 10 December.1

The council said that more people had been admitted to hospital in recent years for short lived problems from ketamine misuse, such as hallucinations, agitation, and impaired consciousness.

“In addition,” it said, “there is now good evidence that frequent and heavy ketamine misuse can cause significant toxicity to the bladder, urinary tract, and kidneys.”

It said that there were numerous reports of people having had surgery to remove their bladders because of severe ketamine related damage.

Ketamine is widely used in veterinary medicine and in some human medicine as an anaesthetic and analgesic, but concern has grown about its popularity …
Complementary medicine centres should be more critical, says Ernst
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Too much research on complementary therapies is done by people who have already made up their minds, the first UK professor of complementary medicine has said. Edzard Ernst, who left his chair at Exeter University early after clashing with the Prince of Wales, told journalists at the Science Media Centre in London that, although more research into alternative medicines was now taking place, “none of the centres is anywhere near critical enough.”

That didn’t mean that no good research was being done in Britain and across Europe, he said. But it usually came from researchers with no axe to grind in alternative therapies, who moved into the …
DESOXYCORTICOSTERONE ACETATE NOT A SUBSTITUTE FOR COMPOUND E IN ARTHRITIS
Authors: Leo Gitman
Journal: JAMA (1949)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In a recent issue ofThe Journal(April 30, p. 1274) the work of the Mayo group dealing with the use of Kendall's compound E in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis was cited and discussed. Shortly thereafter I learned of an instance in which desoxycorticosterone acetate was being used for the same purpose. In a check on four leading pharmacists, one reported "many" purchases by physicians for use in cases of rheumatoid arthritis. From our present knowledge of adrenal physiology, especially the work of Selye, the administration of desoxycorticosterone acetate in rheumatoid arthritis is to be condemned. I feel that this matter should be stressed to prevent the possible widespread, improper use of desoxycorticosterone acetate.