tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The role of tumor histogenesis, FDG-PET, and short-course EPOCH with dose-dense rituximab (SC-EPOCH-RR) in HIV-associated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Kieron Dunleavy, Richard F. Little, Stefania Pittaluga, Nicole Grant, Alan S. Wayne, Jorge A. Carrasquillo, Seth M. Steinberg, Robert Yarchoan, Elaine S. Jaffe, Wyndham H. Wilson
Journal: Blood (2010)
Increased 4-hydroxynonenal levels in experimental alcoholic liver disease: Association of lipid peroxidation with liver fibrogenesis
Authors: Seiichiro Kamimura, Karl Gaal, Robert S. Britton, Bruce R. Bacon, George Triadafilopoulos, Hidekazu Tsukamoto
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The precise role of lipid peroxidation in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease is still being debated. To explore the issue, this study was undertaken to investigate the status of lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and prooxidants at two discrete stages of experimental alcoholic liver disease. Male Wistar rats were intragastrically fed a high–fat diet plus ethanol for 5 or 16 wk (the duration that resulted in initiation of centrilobular liver necrosis or liver fibrosis, respectively). Lipid peroxidation was assessed in isolated microsomes and mitochondria with three parameters: malondialdehyde equivalents as determined by thiobarbituric acid assay, conjugated diene formation and 4–hydroxynonenal as a 2,4–dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative. To assess antioxidant systems, hepatic concentrations of glutathione, methionine and α–tocopherol were determined. The concentration of nonheme iron, a known prooxidant, was also measured. At wk 5, centrilobular liver necrosis was already evident in the ethanol–fed animals, with two– or threefold increases in plasma AST and ALT levels. At this stage, neither malondialdehyde equivalents nor conjugated diene values were elevated, and the 4–hydroxynonemal level was below 0.2 nmol/mg protein. Hepatic concentrations of methionine and α–tocopherol in these animals were increased two–and threefold, respectively, whereas the reduced glutathione level remained unchanged. When alcoholic liver disease had progressed to perivenular or bridging fibrosis at wk 16, all three parameters of lipid peroxidation showed consistent increases that were accompanied by significant reductions in the hepatic glutathione and methionine levels. Interestingly, the control animals pair–fed with the high–fat diet also had significantly elevated 4–hydroxynonenal levels at wk 16 compared to the wk 5 level. The liver concentration of nonheme iron was not increased at wk 5 or wk 16. These results demonstrate (a) dissociation between the initiation of alcoholic liver necrosis and enhanced lipid peroxidation, (b) association of enhanced lipid peroxidation with liver fibrogenesis and depressed antioxidant system, (c) the first demonstration of increased 4–hydroxynonenal level in experimental alcoholic liver disease and (d) possible implication of a high–fat diet in hepatic 4–hydroxynonenal generation. (Hepatology 1992;16:448-453.)
New Types of Cancer after Basal-Cell Cancer
Authors: Morten Frisch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters1 July 1997New Types of Cancer after Basal-Cell CancerMorten Frisch, MD, PhD, Henrik Hjalgrim, MD, and Mads Melbye, MD, DMScMorten Frisch, MD, PhDDanish Epidemiology Science Centre; Copenhagen, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this author, Henrik Hjalgrim, MDDanish Epidemiology Science Centre; Copenhagen, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this author, and Mads Melbye, MD, DMScDanish Epidemiology Science Centre; Copenhagen, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-1-199707010-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Primary care physicians, like other physicians, truly face overwhelming amounts of scientific information every day. As stated in our article, we agree with Dr. Stewart that breast and scrotal symptoms and lymph node enlargement should always prompt serious evaluation. However, we believed that, because of the substantial evidence that this applies even more so in the large group of patients with a history of basal-cell carcinoma, it was appropriate to further stress the importance of vigilance in examining noncutaneous symptoms in these patients.The clinical impression described by Dr. Shimm-that the incidence of cancer is elevated over the ...References1. Lindelof B, Sigurgeirsson B, Wallberg P, Eklund G. Occurrence of other malignancies in 1973 patients with basal cell carcinoma. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991; 25:245-8. Google Scholar2. Frisch M, Melbye M. New primary cancers after squamous cell skin cancer. Am J Epidemiol. 1995; 141:916-22. Google Scholar3. Teppo L, Pukkala E, Saxen E. Multiple cancer-an epidemiologic exercise in Finland. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1985; 75:207-17. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Danish Epidemiology Science Centre; Copenhagen, Denmark PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1997Volume 127, Issue 1Page: 87-88KeywordsCohort studiesLymph nodesPrimary care physicians Issue Published: 1 July 1997 CopyrightCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Antithrombotic Therapy After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Augustus Hough, Daniel Woods
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Venturing Into the Storm
Authors: John Lewis Sapp
Journal: Circulation (2008)

6][7][8] It is unclear whether this adverse outcome is a result of repeated ICD shocks or whether recurrent arrhythmias are a marker of sicker hearts that are destined to do poorly.Indeed, the mode of death after ES frequently is related to heart failure.Uncertainty has thus remained about whether interventions for ES can influence mortality beyond the acute period. 9In this issue of Circulation, Carbucicchio and colleagues 10 describe a large series of patients who underwent catheter ablation after presenting acutely with ES refractory to antiarrhythmic medications.
REPORT OF A CASE OF FLOATING CARTILAGE IN THE KNEE JOINT.
Authors: J. K. Milbourne
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Mechanicsville, Iowa, June 30, 1884. M. F. L., 19 years of age, consulted me last September (15) for some "knee joint trouble," giving a history of a fall some six months previous, with injury to the knee, which gave but little trouble at the time. Some three months after the accident, he was suddenly taken with pain and loss of motion, suffering several weeks before relieved. This occurred some three times before he came to consult me. The diagnosis was easily made, as the cartilage could be felt. I decided to operate for its removal. Æther; antiseptic precautions except spray. Apply bloodless bandage, pressing the cartilage far up the external border of the tendon quadriceps, and securing it in position by very elastic fine rubber tubing. Flexing the knee, I made a valvular incision down upon the upper border of the cartilage. Opening the sac, the cartilage passed out into
Chezonisus and Defecation: Symptoms of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: MARSHALL T. SCHREEDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Letters1 April 1976Chezonisus and Defecation: Symptoms of Acute Myocardial InfarctionMARSHALL T. SCHREEDER, M.D., JOSEPH E. HARDISON, M.D.MARSHALL T. SCHREEDER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH E. HARDISON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-4-447 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe urge to defecate (chezonisus) (1) and defecation unlike nausea, vomiting, and diaphoresis are not known as part of the symptom complex of acute myocardial infarction. In the past 2 years we have seen six patients in whom chezonisus and defecation were either the initial or prominent symptoms of electrocardiogram-documented acute myocardial infarction. These symptoms occurred with and without associated nausea and vomiting and in patients with either acute anterior or inferior myocardial infarction. Chezonisus at times was a predominant symptom and in one instance was so intense as to result in involuntary defecation. All of the patients had substernal...References1. SCHMIDT J: Reversicon. A Medical Word Finder. Springfield, Illinois, Charles C Thomas, 1958, p. 84 Google Scholar2. DE TAKATSJESSER GJ: Pulmonary embolism, suggestions for its diagnosis, prevention, and management. JAMA 114:1415-1421, 1940 Google Scholar3. NEUHOFKLEIN HS: Massive pulmonary embolism. IV. J Mt Sinai Hosp NY 11:286-297, 1945 Google Scholar4. HICKAMSIEKER JH: Pulmonary embolism and infarction. DM Jan 1959 Google Scholar5. ANAGNOSTOPOULOSPRABHAKARKITTLE CMC: Aortic dissection and dissecting aneurysms. Am J Cardiol 30:263-273, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Hospital (Atlanta) 1670 Clairmont Road Decatur, Georgia 30303; and Emory University School of Medicine Atlanta, Georgia 30322 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byProfuse diaphoresis relieved by coronary angioplastyIRON IN RHEUMATOID DISEASEDIARRHOEA AND URGENCY TO DEFAECATE IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION 1 April 1976Volume 84, Issue 4Page: 447-447KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionDefecationElectrocardiographyMyocardial infarctionNauseaVomiting Issue Published: 1 April 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Glucocorticoid-induced cell death is mediated through reduced glucose metabolism in lymphoid leukemia cells
Authors: E Buentke, A Nordström, H Lin, A-C Björklund, E Laane, M Harada, L Lu, T Tegnebratt, S Stone-Elander, M Heyman, S Söderhäll, A Porwit, C-G Östenson, M Shoshan, K Pokrovskaja Tamm, D Grandér
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2011)

Malignant cells are known to have increased glucose uptake and accelerated glucose metabolism. Using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, we found that treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells with the glucocorticoid (GC) dexamethasone (Dex) resulted in profound inhibition of glycolysis. We thus demonstrate that Dex reduced glucose consumption, glucose utilization and glucose uptake by leukemic cells. Furthermore, Dex treatment decreased the levels of the plasma membrane-associated glucose transporter GLUT1, thus revealing the mechanism for the inhibition of glucose uptake. Inhibition of glucose uptake correlated with induction of cell death in ALL cell lines and in leukemic blasts from ALL patients cultured ex vivo. Addition of di-methyl succinate could partially overcome cell death induced by Dex in RS4;11 cells, thereby further supporting the notion that inhibition of glycolysis contributes to the induction of apoptosis. Finally, Dex killed RS4;11 cells significantly more efficiently when cultured in lower glucose concentrations suggesting that modulation of glucose levels might influence the effectiveness of GC treatment in ALL. In summary, our data show that GC treatment blocks glucose uptake by leukemic cells leading to inhibition of glycolysis and that these effects play an important role in the induction of cell death by these drugs.
Physical Fitness for Asthmatic Boys
Authors: Thomas R. McElhenney
Journal: JAMA (1963)

FOR MORE THAN THREE DECADES physicians and physical educators have been aware of the desirability of adapted physical activity patterns for exceptional children among whom would be asthmatic children. These asthmatic children need help in combatting the degenerative effects of chronic bronchial asthma and in making an adequate personality adjustment.  In January, 1960, an allergist and an assistant professor of physical education at the University of Texas launched a unique pilot study to (1) determine if a carefully designed physical fitness program would decrease the physical and emotional handicaps of asthmatic children, and (2) obtain evidence of asthmatic children's response to more strenuous physical activities than heretofore experienced.  A review of the literature reveals that since 1935 studies have utilized supervised respiratory and limited physical exercises to improve respiration in patients with bronchial asthma. Livingstone and Gillespie,1Baker,2Fein, Cox, and Green,3and Fein and Cox4
South Pacific leads the world in rates of youth suicide
Authors: C. Zinn
Journal: BMJ (1995)

In the past week two conferences have heard that the island nations of the South Pacific lead the world in rates of youth suicide, vitamin deficiencies, and diabetes. The State of the Pacific Children, a report by Unicef, says that the children of the Federated States of Micronesia, Kiribati, and the Marshall Islands have some of the highest rates of vitamin A deficiency in the world.

“The tragedy of this entirely preventable situation is not …
The Dark Side of the House
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Millard Wright, a criminal psychopath, underwent a frontal lobotomy operation in 1947. This popularized account resembles somewhat the life of Bonnie and Clyde. It reads like a Horatio Alger story in reverse. Presumably, the general public, for whom this was apparently intended, finds some vicarious interest in this sort of biography. One wonders why the book was written and published more than two decades after the event and long after interest in psychosurgical procedures has all but vanished. It lacks any sense of immediacy. The reasons for the resistance to the operation, as well as for its attendant publicity, seem generally inadequate. Save for co-author Dr. Koskoff, the neurosurgeon who performed the operation and tried to befriend Wright, none of the "characters" portrayed in the book arouses much sympathy. The reportorial style and pseudodramatic prose, presumably fashioned by co-author Richard Goldhurst, finally becomes somewhat wearisome to the eye and ear.
One drug for epilepsy.
Authors: S D Shorvon, D Chadwick, A W Galbraith, E H Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (1978)

We performed prospective trials of phenytoin and carbamazepine, assisted by blood level monitoring, in untreated patients newly referred with grand mal or partial seizures, or both, to a neurological clinic. At the time of follow-up (mean 28.5 months for phenytoin; 12 months for carbamazepine) 76-88% of patients were completely controlled. Twelve per cent of the patients on each drug had further seizures, despite an optimum blood level. When the blood drug concentration was in the optimum range there was a 98% reduction in grand mal attack rate and 92-93% reduction in partial seizure rate. These results suggest that polypharmacy is largely, and possibly totally, unnecessary in newly diagnosed adult epileptics.
Clinical Study of Proclorperazine, a New Tranquilizer for the Treatment of Nonhospitalized Psychoneurotic Patients
Authors: Thomas J. Vischer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

NOT only for the psychiatrist but also for practitioners of almost every other aspect of medicine, tranquilizing drugs have taken on great importance. The stress-laden situations of modern life, the paucity of trained psychiatrists and the cost and length of most standard psychiatric treatments have invited acceptance of virtually any drug that promises to permit mentally ill patients relatively normal, useful lives.Acceptance of the tranquilizing drugs, however, must be based more upon experience than promises. To be sure, many investigators have reported their experience with certain of the tranquilizers — particularly their effect in psychotic and nearly psychotic patients. . . .
Tumor Angiogenesis: Therapeutic Implications
Authors: Louis M. Sherwood, Edith E. Parris, Judah Folkman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE growth of solid neoplasms is always accompanied by neovascularization. This new capillary growth is even more vigorous and continuous than a similar outgrowth of capillary sprouts observed in fresh wounds or in inflammation.1 Many workers have described the association between growing solid malignant tumors and new vessel growth.2 3 4 5 6 However, it has not been appreciated until the past few years that the population of tumor cells and the population of capillary endothelial cells within a neoplasm may constitute a highly integrated ecosystem. In this ecosystem the mitotic index of the two cell populations may depend upon each other. Tumor cells . . .
Abstract 4346: Formulation and characterization of a nanoparticulate drug delivery system for cancer therapy.
Authors: Kunal P. Desai, Jay V. Patel, Duc P. Do
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Most anticancer agents are not targeted to neoplastic cells. As a result, the development of dosage forms and drug delivery systems containing anticancer drugs capable of targeting cancer cells is highly desired. Our research investigated an albumin-based nanoparticulate delivery system as a platform technology for the delivery of anticancer agents. Doxorubicin hydrochloride was used as the model drug. Drug-encapsulated nanoparticles were prepared by microencapsulation through spray-drying and were characterized for their physicochemical properties. Raman spectroscopy was used to investigate the stability of the encapsulated drug. Additionally, Zeta potential measurements were used to assess the colloidal stability and surface properties of the nanoparticles. Dissolution studies were carried out to examine the release profile of the drug from the nanoparticles. The in vitro efficacy of the drug-loaded nanoparticulate drug delivery system was analyzed in MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Raman spectroscopy data suggested that the drug is stable in the nanoparticulate drug carrier. Nanoparticles have Zeta potential measurements of approximately -30 mV, suggesting that the system is stable in an aqueous environment. Dissolution studies showed that the drug was released from the nanoparticles at a sustained rate over a period of over 24 hours. In vitro data in MCF-7 cell line indicated that there was more than 10% more inhibition of cell viability when doxorubicin was used with the biodegradable polymeric carrier. Similar results were observed from clonogenic studies. Additionally, our in vitro data suggested that cell death induced by the drug-loaded nanoparticles was caused by apoptosis. Hence, the data suggest that biodegradable albumin nanoparticles are capable of targeting cancer cells. Citation Format: Kunal P. Desai, Jay V. Patel, Duc P. Do. Formulation and characterization of a nanoparticulate drug delivery system for cancer therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4346. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4346
METHODS OF PREVENTION IN SMALLPOX.
Authors: SOLON R. TOWNE
Journal: JAMA (1899)

In the face of the conditions existing in various parts of the country this past winter this theme was chosen for a clear statement of methods and to form a subject for discussion. No new principle is to be presented. We have only to trust to four well-established agencies, namely, diagnosis, quarantine, vaccination and disinfection. An early and positive diagnosis in an individual case of variola is not always possible. Anders, in his last edition, declares that "This difficulty is sufficient occasionally to test the skill of the most astute diagnostician, and the sooner this fact is understood and appreciated the better it will be, not only for the public, but for the profession as well." Most cases, however, are quite readily recognized by the four days of prodromal pain and tenderness in head, loins and limbs, a temperature of 103 to 106 F. that quite disappears on or before
Inhibition of Penicillin Transport from the Cerebrospinal Fluid after Intracisternal Inoculation of Bacteria
Authors: Reynold Spector, A. V. Lorenzo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

The effect of intracisternal inoculation of bacteria on the choroid plexus system, which transports penicillin from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) to blood, was studied in vitro and in vivo. Meningeal and choroid plexus inflammations as well as CSF pleocytosis were induced in rabbits with intracisternal inoculations of Hemophilus influenzae or Staphylococcus aureus. At various times after bacterial inoculation, the choroid plexuses of the inoculated rabbits were removed and incubated in artificial CSF containing [14C]penicillin. The ability of the choroid plexuses to accumulate pencillin in vitro was measured and was found to be depressed as compared with controls. This depression of choroid plexus uptake reversed with resolution of the inflammatory process. In vivo on the day after intracisternal inoculation of Hemophilus influenzae, a decrease in the disappearance of penicillin relative to inulin in the inoculated rabbits (as compared to the controls) was observed when [14C]penicillin and [3H]inulin were injected intraventricularly and cisternal CSF was sampled 2 h later. This decrease could not be explained by penicillin binding to the CSF exudate. However, the choroid plexus transport system for penicillin was only partially depressed in those inoculated rabbits with bacterially induced inflammation, since in vitro the choroid plexuses could still accumulate penicillin and in vivo CSF penicillin levels could be further increased with probenecid pretreatment. These results suggest that CSF penicillin levels are increased in this model due to three factors: a depression of active efflux of penicillin from the CSF, an increase in permeability to penicillin of inflamed meninges, and, less significantly, by CSF binding of penicillin.