tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3172: Detection of viral HPV DNA in sporadic colorectal cancers in relation to CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)
Authors: Raul D. Bernabe-Dones, Wesley Villavicencio-Torres, Cristina Munoz-Masso, Yaritza Reyes -Medina, Lorena Marcano-Bonilla, Hector Perez-Cantalapiedra, Sharon Fonseca-Williams, Mercedes Y. Lacourt-Ventura, Yasuhiro Yamamura, Nayra Rodriguez, Marcia R. Cruz-Correa
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: There is evidence that insertion of viral DNA into a mammalian genome can lead to alterations of methylation patterns. To test the possible correlation between epigenetic modulations in colorectal cancer (CRC) and HPV infection, we conducted a MSP- PCR methylation analysis. The aim of the present study was to examine the presence of DNA sequences of human papillomavirus (HPV) in CRC and correlate this data with their CIMP status. Methods: Thirty-seven colorectal adenocarcinomas were screened for HPV infection using nested-PCR (PGMY09/11-GP5+/6+). HPV typing was performed by type-specific PCR for HPV 16 and HPV 18 DNA. Eight CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) genes specific to sporadic colorectal cancer (MLH1, CACNA1G, NEUROG1, IGF2, SOCS1, RUNX3, CDKN2A and CRABP1) were assessed by methylation-specific PCR. Results: Thirty-seven CRC cases (mean age at diagnosis 63.2 ± 11.7 years; 17 males) were evaluated. Tumors were mostly located in the left colon (73.0%), and moderate differentiated (61.1%). HPV's DNA was identified in 23 of 37 (62.2%) CRC studied cases. CRABP1 (59.5%), CDKN2A (37.8%), MLH1 (13.5%), and NEUROG1 (10.8%) were the most commonly methylated genes with a discrete clinic-pathological phenotype and gene methylation pattern. No statistical associations between HPV status and methylation patterns were found, after correlation with tumor staging, cell differentiation, tumor location, and life style. Discussion: We reported that the CIMP-hypermethylation may be less frequent among Puerto Ricans Hispanics than previously reported in other racial and/or ethnic groups. However, a correlation could not be established (p&amp;gt;0.5) between HPV infection and the aberrant methylation pattern in the genes panel. We observed the trend that HPV is more prevalent in CRC without aberrant methylation patterns. This might suggest that hypermethylation could be a protective factor for HPV infection. This inference may mean that HPV positive colorectal cancer could represent a distinctive clinical and epidemiological condition compared with HPV-negative CRC. Citation Format: Raul D. Bernabe-Dones, Wesley Villavicencio-Torres, Cristina Munoz-Masso, Yaritza Reyes -Medina, Lorena Marcano-Bonilla, Hector Perez-Cantalapiedra, Sharon Fonseca-Williams, Mercedes Y. Lacourt-Ventura, Yasuhiro Yamamura, Nayra Rodriguez, Marcia R. Cruz-Correa. Detection of viral HPV DNA in sporadic colorectal cancers in relation to CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3172. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3172
CONCERNING AGGLUTININS FOR TREPONEMA PALLIDUM
Authors: John A. Kolmer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

1. There is no demonstrable amount of agglutinin for Treponema pallidum (Noguchi) in normal human and normal rabbit serum in dilutions as low as 1:20. 2. Agglutinins for Treponema pallidum are readily produced in young rabbits by the administration of pure cultures of living spirochetes. 3. There is no appreciable amount of agglutinin for Treponema pallidum culture used in the sera of secondary and tertiary syphilis or in the cerebrospinal fluid of tertiary syphilis in dilutions of 1:20 to 1:640.
Uptake of gallium-67 in malignant tumours.
Authors: J R Barker, J P Lavender, I Burn
Journal: BMJ (1972)

known from historical and prospective studies2-5 to warrant effective preventive ac- tion.The point is that there is no single cause and that intervention must be based on the recognition of multiple risk factors.Prediction of morbidity and mortality from coronary artery disease on this basis is far from weak 6 and is in fact an epidemiologically-acceptable means of defining high-risk groups whose health can be improved by planned intervention.7A further merit of this approach is that it encourages all concerned towards knowledgeable self-help in personal habits such as cigarette smoking, exercise, and diet.-Weare, etc.,
A Systematic Review of Sequencing and Combinations of Systemic Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cancer
Authors: Laurence Albiges, Toni Choueiri, Bernard Escudier, Matthew Galsky, Dan George, Fabian Hofmann, Thomas Lam, Robert Motzer, Peter Mulders, Camillo Porta, Thomas Powles, Cora Sternberg, Axel Bex
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Endogenous and nitrovasodilator-induced release of NO in the airways of end-stage cystic fibrosis patients
Authors: T. Varga, T. Kovesi, J. Gal, N. Marczin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2010)

To the Editors:

A variety of isoforms of nitric oxide (NO) synthases are constitutively expressed in human airway and vascular endothelial cells continuously generating NO. NO plays an important role in regulating lung function in health and disease including modulation of pulmonary vascular resistance, airway calibre and host defence. Production of NO and its consumption by fluid-phase reactions can be detected and monitored in the exhaled air, providing an important window to assess the dynamics of NO metabolism in health and inflammatory lung conditions, asthma in particular 1.

A series of milestone studies uncovered a relative deficiency of pulmonary NO availability in cystic fibrosis (CF), a severe chronic inflammatory lung disease with studies generally showing reduced exhaled NO 2, 3. However, there remains controversy regarding the anatomical localisation and mechanisms of NO deficiency, and its relationship with CF disease progression. By using extended exhaled NO analysis at different expiratory flow rates, indirect studies have attempted to distinguish NO production into bronchial and alveolar compartments based on basic models 4–7. However, the fate of NO delivered directly to the alveoli has not been demonstrated in these patients. We aimed to investigate these issues by evaluating endogenous exhaled NO in end-stage CF in intubated patients undergoing lung transplantation and the dynamism of exhaled NO production from pulmonary …
Finding studies on reboxetine: a tale of hide and seek
Authors: B. Wieseler, N. McGauran, T. Kaiser
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Beate Wieseler</b>,<b> Natalie McGauran</b>, and <b>Thomas Kaiser</b> use their experience with the assessment of reboxetine to illustrate how publication bias affects health policy decisions and offer some solutions
Over the Counter Drugs: Patients, society, and the increase in self medication
Authors: A. Blenkinsopp, C. Bradley
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The effect of atropine on sputum production has been studied in patients with asthama, chronic bronchitis, and bronchiectasis in some of whom there was bronchorrhoea. In three patients a reduction in sputum volume was observed after atropine but it would seem that the decrease was mainly due to the inhibitory effect on salivary secretion which facilitates spitting. The one patient treated with long-term oral atropine showed a marked reduction in sputum volume although chemical constituents and viscosity levels remained unchanged, suggesting that in this case atropine had an inhibitory effect on bronchial gland secretion.
LINEAR CRANIOTOMY (MISCALLED CRANIECTOMY) FOR MICROCEPHALUS.Read in the Section of Surgery and Anatomy, at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D. C., May, 1891.
Authors: W. W. KEEN
Journal: JAMA (1891)

I have entitled this paper "Linear Craniotomy" instead of "Craniectomy," the word proposed by Lannelongue and formerly used by myself. The operation is practically a long incision in the skull, the removal of a part of the bone being merely incidental to its being a hard instead of a soft tissue. The termination "ectomy" usually and of right signifies the entire removal of the part preceding this termination,<i>e.g.</i>, ooöphorectomy, omphalectomy, nephrectomy, etc. Removal of the cranium (as craniectomy means) being scarcely intended or done, our nomenclature should fit the facts. Dr. Bauer uses the word craniotomy in reference to his case (see below), but trephining is, I think, the proper one to describe his operation. In<i>The Medical News</i>of November 29, 1890, I published a case of linear craniotomy for microcephalus. The object of the present paper is to report the later history of this case and two
Monoclonal antibodies to T-2 toxin. In vitro neutralization of protein synthesis inhibition and protection of rats against lethal toxemia.
Authors: G Feuerstein, J A Powell, A T Knower, K W Hunter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

A murine monoclonal antibody (15H6) against the trichothecene mycotoxin T-2 was capable of neutralizing the in vitro protein synthesis inhibitory effect of T-2 toxin in human B lymphoblastoid cultures. It was further shown that 15H6 given to rats (250 mg/kg) 30 min before or 15 min after a lethal dose (1 mg/kg) of T-2 toxin conferred 100% survival. A lower dose of 15H6 (125 mg/kg), given 15 min after the lethal dose of T-2 toxin, protected 25% of the rats. An increased time to death and 45% survival was seen in rats given the full dose of 15H6 antibody 60 min after lethal toxin. These data are the first demonstration of effective prophylaxis and therapy for T-2 toxemia.
Activity of the Bcl-2 Family Inhibitor ABT-263 in a Panel of Small Cell Lung Cancer Xenograft Models
Authors: Alex R. Shoemaker, Michael J. Mitten, Jessica Adickes, Scott Ackler, Marion Refici, Debra Ferguson, Anatol Oleksijew, Jacqueline M. O'Connor, Baole Wang, David J. Frost, Joy Bauch, Kennan Marsh, Steven K. Tahir, Xiufen Yang, Christin Tse, Stephen W. Fesik, Saul H. Rosenberg, Steven W. Elmore
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the activity of the Bcl-2 protein family inhibitor ABT-263 in a panel of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) xenograft models. Experimental Design: A panel of 11 SCLC xenograft models was established to evaluate the efficacy of ABT-263. Single agent activity was examined on a continuous dosing schedule in each of these models. The H146 model was used to further evaluate dose and schedule, comparison to standard cytotoxic agents, and induction of apoptosis. Results: ABT-263 exhibited a range of antitumor activity, leading to complete tumor regression in several models. Significant regressions of tumors as large as 1 cc were also observed. The efficacy of ABT-263 was also quite durable; in several cases, minimal tumor regrowth was noted several weeks after the cessation of treatment. Antitumor effects were equal or superior to that of several clinically approved cytotoxic agents. Regression of large established tumors was observed through several cycles of therapy and efficacy was retained in a Pgp-1 overexpressing line. Significant efficacy was observed on several dose and therapeutic schedules and was associated with significant induction of apoptosis. Conclusions: ABT-263 is a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of Bcl-2 family proteins that has recently entered clinical trials. The efficacy data reported here suggest that SCLC is a promising area of clinical investigation with this agent.
423. Combination of Sleeping Beauty-Mediated INF-gamma Gene Transfer with CpG Oligodeoxynucleotides Provides Long-Term Survival of Intracranial Glioblastoma in Mice
Authors: Anhua Wu, Zachary L. Demorest, Isabelita Vengco, Wei Chen, Walter C. Low, Andrew B. Freese, John R. Ohlfest
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is lethal brain tumor that is resistant to conventional therapies. Although gene therapy and immunotherapy have shown efficacy in select human patients, further improvements are needed to provide a breakthrough for GBM treatment. To overcome the restraint of transient expression using nonviral vectors, we utilized Sleeping Beauty transposon vectors to achieve integration and sustained expression in GBM. In parallel we used CpG oligodeoxynucleotides to stimulate potent anti-tumor immune responses. To determine efficacy in an orthotopic model, syngeneic GL261-luciferase-stable tumor cells were implanted into the brains of C57BL/6 mice so that tumor progression and/or regression could be measured by bioluminescent imaging in vivo (see progression in Fig. 1). We used intratumoral convection- enhanced delivery (CED) to infuse CpG oligodeoxynucleotides or Sleeping Beauty-based INF-gamma transposons into mice bearing intracranial GBM. Either therapy alone minimally extended survival (p>0.05), but the combination of CpG plus INF-gamma gene transfer facilitated complete tumor regression and long-term survival in a significant fraction of mice (p<0.05). Current studies are underway to define the immune mechanisms responsible for tumor regression and optimize treatment efficacy. These results suggest that this combined treatment approach may be useful for treating patients with GBM.
Pulmonary function in acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M. W. McNicol, B. J. Kirby, K. D. Bhoola, M. E. Everest, H. V. Price, S. F. Freedman
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Self-poisoning-Kessel MEDITALIJOURNAL cases of self-poisoning coming to hospital and not just with those cases somehow selected for psychiatric investigation.Those with no psychiatric illness tended to be younger ; those with organic illnesses were generally old.Apart from this the relation between diagnosis and age was not close.The principal diagnosis was related to the index of endanger- ing life (Table VIII).The acts of patients with a formal psychiatric illness (excluding character disorder) were more life-endangering than those of patients with personality abnor- mality or those of patients without a psychiatric illness.Yet the majority of acts of even the more seriously ill people were clearly pointed towards survival.TABLE VIII.-Diagnosis and Index of Endangering Life All * Calculated by comparing all psychiatric illness against the two other categories combined.
Phenotypes and endotypes of rhinitis and their impact on management: a <scp>PRACTALL</scp> report
Authors: N. G. Papadopoulos, J. A. Bernstein, P. Demoly, M. Dykewicz, W. Fokkens, P. W. Hellings, A. T. Peters, C. Rondon, A. Togias, L. S. Cox
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Rhinitis is an umbrella term that encompasses many different subtypes, several of which still elude complete characterization. The concept of phenotyping, being the definition of disease subtypes on the basis of clinical presentation, has been well established in the last decade. Classification of rhinitis entities on the basis of phenotypes has facilitated their characterization and has helped practicing clinicians to efficiently approach rhinitis patients. Recently, the concept of endotypes, that is, the definition of disease subtypes on the basis of underlying pathophysiology, has emerged. Phenotypes/endotypes are dynamic, overlapping, and may evolve into one another, thus rendering clear-cut definitions difficult. Nevertheless, a phenotype-/endotype-based classification approach could lead toward the application of stratified and personalized medicine in the rhinitis field. In this PRACTALL document, rhinitis phenotypes and endotypes are described, and rhinitis diagnosis and management approaches focusing on those phenotypes/endotypes are presented and discussed. We emphasize the concept of control-based management, which transcends all rhinitis subtypes.
Fetal Risks in Rubella Vaccination
Authors: Kenneth L. Hermann
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  We agree with Dr. Kuhr that inadvertent administration of rubella vaccine to pregnant women has resulted in a large number of needless abortions.  It is quite apparent that when women of childbearing age are not serologically screened before rubella vaccine is given, many unnecessary situations resulting in therapeutic abortion and fetal wastage occur. At no time have we nor the Public Health Service recommended abortion as a solution to the problem of inadvertent rubella vaccination. We do, however, make a strong plea for prevaccination serological screening to determine first the need for vaccination. If this recommendation were followed, many of the needless abortions could be avoided.  The question of teratogenicity of attenuated rubella virus has not yet been answered. It is for this reason that reporting of all cases of inadvertent rubella vaccination of pregnant women must continue.
Psychometric Properties of a Scale to Measure Alexithymia
Authors: Edward B. Blanchard, John G. Arena, Thomas P. Pallmeyer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1981)

Four studies were conducted on a sample of 230 undergraduates to determine the psychometric properties of a measure of alexithymia, the Schalling-Sifheos Scale. In the first study it was found that scores on the scale are approximately normally distributed for each sex with 8.2% of males and 1.8% of females in the alexithymia range. In the second study a factor analysis of the scale revealed three distinct factors: (1) 'difficulty in expression of feelings'; (2) 'the importance of feelings especially about people'; (3) 'daydreaming or introspection'. In the second factor analytic study, scores from several standard psychological tests on the same subjects were introduced with the scale items. Two factors in this analysis were comprised almost entirely of the other test scores: a 'general psychological distress factor' and a 'concerns about physical symptoms factor'. The other two factors were similar to factors 1 and 2 above in terms of items. The Rathus Assertiveness Scale loaded positively on the equivalent of factor 1. In the last study, it was shown that the Schalling-Sifheos Scale score is relatively orthogonal to other psychological tests with the exception of a Psychosomatic Symptom Checklist and thus is measuring something other than depression, anxiety, etc.
Medical Philately: Scalpel and Tongs
Authors: Domingo M. Aviado
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have just become the Editor of<i>Scalpel and Tongs</i>, which is the only periodical devoted to medical philately. I am in the process of increasing our membership by soliciting interest among the readers of the AMA publication<i>Medicine and Stamps</i>. We would be pleased to hear from interested physicians, philatelists.
The Ethics of Professional Regulation
Authors: Richard Jay Feinstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Chapter 458 of the Florida Statutes (The Medical Practice Act) begins: "The Legislature recognizes that the practice of medicine is potentially dangerous to the public if conducted by unsafe and incompetent practitioners. The Legislature further finds that it is difficult for the public to make an informed choice when selecting a physician and that the consequence of a wrong decision could seriously harm the public health and safety. The sole legislative purpose of enacting this chapter is to ensure that every physician practicing in this state meets minimum requirements for safe practice. It is the legislative intent that physicians who . . .
THE INCIDENCE OF NAIL-BITING AMONG ADULTS
Authors: L. A. PENNINGTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

A consecutive series of white naval recruits, consisting of 6946 men ranging in age from 17 through 37, was interrogated about and observed for the nail-biting mannerism. Of this group, tallies were kept for 4649 men in order to determine age-frequency characteristics. A group of 200 men were studied in more detail. One hundred of these were addicted to the habit. The following statements summarize the results that obtained. 1. Approximately 21.5 percent of the 6946 men were nail-biters. 2. The incidence-age curve for the nail-biting attribute reveals a secular trend when the data are viewed historically. A rapid increment in frequency from the age of 3 to the age of 15 (Wechsler data) exists. A gradual decrement from the age of i6 through 37 follows. 3. Evidence suggests that the application of the early Freudian theory of psychosexual development to these findings conceals more than it reveals. 4. A tentative, working hypothesis is suggested whereby the nail-biting mannerism is regarded as a tension-reducing mechanism acquired, for the most part, unconsciously. 5. The specific explanation for the habit rests upon the careful, clinical study of the individual personality. Only in this way can the dynamics of the mannerism be fully understood.
Epithelial cells bearing class II molecules stimulate allogeneic human colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes.
Authors: P Hoang, B Crotty, H R Dalton, D P Jewell
Journal: Gut (1992)

HLA-DR+ gut epithelial cells may present antigen to intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). This study aimed to isolate an IEL population from the human colon to activate CD3 + IEL by a human colonic epithelial cell line (HT-29), bearing different concentrations of class II antigen (HLA-DR). IEL were isolated by a mechanical method from six patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and from 14 control patients. IEL were cocultured with HT-29 which had been induced to express class II molecules by gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) in a dose dependent manner. The phenotype and the subsequent expression of activation markers by the IEL were determined to two colour flow cytometry. The IEL population had a CD4/CD8 ratio similar to that seen in tissue sections. In the mixed cell culture, the degree of IEL activation showed a positive correlation with the degree of HLA-DR expression by the HT29 cells and the IEL secreted a IFN-gamma like factor that in turn stimulated the HT-29. Thus, depending on their expression of HLA molecules, colonic epithelial cells are able to activate CD3+CD8+IEL.
Abstract 5091: Aneuploidy is in stomatin overexpressed cells
Authors: Jui-Hao Lee, Chi-Hung Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract A 31.5 kDa membrane associated protein which is highly abundant in the lipid rafts is stomatin. Human gene expression profile from UCSC Genome Bioinformatics databank indicates that stomatin is major in the peripheral blood, adipose tissue, muscle, and bone marrow. In the beginning, stomatin was thought to be involved in the disease OHSt (overhydrated hereditary stomatocytosis), and therefore named stomatin. However, later studies did not reveal mechanistic role of stomatin in mediating OHSt by evaluating stomatin gene deleted mice; the function of stomatin is therefore remained unclear. In this study, we found that overexpression of stomatin was able to induce the multinucleated cell formation. Our data also demonstrated that stomatin made in the cytoplasm could be transported outside of the cell and released to the culture medium. While adding the culture medium or condition medium to the cells, which did not contain exogenous stomatin, these cells were also triggered to undergo formation of multinucleated cells. Additionally, the stomatin induced multinucleated cells presented aneuploidy and abnormal centrosome number. Possible mechanisms underlying functions of stomatin that induce multinucleated cells are investigated. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Jui-Hao Lee, Chi-Hung Lin. Aneuploidy is in stomatin overexpressed cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5091. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5091