tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A magnificent woman
Authors: Jane Rakowski
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Usually she saw one of my colleagues about her chronic polycythaemia vera, osteoarthritis, oesophagitis, asthma, hypertension, and hypercholesterolaemia. My turn came when she had a fixed drug eruption. It wasn't too difficult to sort out with some judicious juggling of her medication. She was suitably impressed and started to see me with all her other problems, none …
Media: Skin cancer: in your face
Authors: J. K Robinson, D. S Rigel
Journal: BMJ (1999)

In 1999 in the United States there will be over a million new cases of skin cancer, and, whereas the incidence for all other cancers in the United States has stabilised or declined, the incidence of melanoma continues to rise, especially for white men. Since 1985 the American Academy of Dermatology, a non-profit organisation with 12 000 physician members, has run a skin cancer control programme aimed at promoting awareness of melanoma and persuading people to practise sun protection. This year the association has worked with Campbell Mithun Esty, an advertising agency, to develop a particularly striking message about preventing skin cancer.

The new advertisement, being shown on television, uses a case history of a man with deforming skin cancer to emphasise the importance of sun protection. It adopts what has come to be known as the “tombstone approach,” which is characterised by a generalised threat of death or destruction from a particular type of behaviour. This approach has been used in smoking campaigns in …
Bowen’s disease: where now with therapeutic trials?
Authors: N.H. Cox
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

This month in the BJD we publish two trials regarding treatment of Bowen’s disease.1,2 Ahmed et al.1 compare the commonly used techniques of curettage and cryotherapy, and conclude that curettage is preferable in terms of better healing and lower recurrence rate. Morton et al.2 compare red and green light for photodynamic therapy (PDT) of Bowen’s disease, as there is a theoretical advantage in terms of post‐treatment pain using green light. In fact, this benefit was not demonstrated and the recurrence rate was much higher in the green light group of lesions. These studies provide useful information, but also indirectly demonstrate some of the problems of therapeutic research in this disorder. One problem, as in other areas of medical literature, is that there is an inevitable bias towards new techniques. Thus, scanning through the last 3 years of MedLine references on treatment of Bowen’s disease yields more studies of PDT than of all other treatment modalities combined, even though this treatment is only currently used for a very small minority of patients. Indeed, none of the studies obtained by the above search formally assessed excision, theoretically the gold standard, in a clinical trial situation. PDT research itself still has a long way to go in order to determine the optimum topical photosensitiser, the optimum vehicle for penetration, the best dosage schedule (dose and fluence of light exposure, number and frequency of treatments), and how to reliably monitor decay of photosensitizer and the therapeutic response during treatment. For example, the usual regimen is to perform a second treatment only if there is residual disease after the first treatment, but ‘double‐treatments’ may turn out to be better; routinely applying two treatments at an interval of one week improves response rates of superficial basal cell carcinomas.3
Opening Remarks: Workshop Conference on Hyperthermia in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Willis J. Taylor
Journal: Cancer Research (1984)

It is important to realize that conferences of this type have been sponsored by the American Cancer Society for more than 20 years. These meetings are not formulated as Continuing Medical Education-type activities but instead are designed to serve as a forum for free exchange of ideas, with participants being leaders in the field of cancer-related activities. Although hyperthermia in cancer treatment dates back to at least 1866, the greatest progress has occurred during the last 10 years or so. The American Cancer Society conducted its first workshop related to this subject 5.5 years ago, and about onequarter of the participants of that meeting took part in this conference. The results of the first conference, which appeared as a supplement to Cancer Research in June 1979, contributed significantly to subsequent progress. In spite of the promising progress, attitudes about hyperther mia have remained either mixed or even ambivalent. Currently, some scientists express concern about related scientific factors. Many clinicians are concerned, even disturbed, about commer-
Leptospiral lipopolysaccharide activates cells through a TLR2-dependent mechanism
Authors: Catherine Werts, Richard I. Tapping, John C. Mathison, Tsung-Hsien Chuang, Vladimir Kravchenko, Isabelle Saint Girons, David A. Haake, Paul J. Godowski, Fumitaka Hayashi, Adrian Ozinsky, David M. Underhill, Carsten J. Kirschning, Hermann Wagner, Alan Aderem, Peter S. Tobias, Richard J. Ulevitch
Journal: Nature Immunology (2001)
New-onset polyarthritis during successful treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa with infliximab
Authors: D.C. van Rappard, J.E. Mooij, D.L.P. Baeten, J.R. Mekkes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Background Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) can be associated with several forms of arthritis, usually considered as reactive arthritis. A new observation is that some patients with HS develop arthritis after treatment with infliximab (antitumour necrosis factor-α). Objectives A retrospective study was performed to establish the frequency and clinical presentation of new-onset arthritis during infliximab treatment. Methods Between 2005 and 2009, 27 individuals with severe HS were treated with infliximab and followed up closely. Laboratory parameters and side-effects were recorded. The frequency of arthritis was compared with control groups consisting of 227 patients with HS not treated with any biological, 22 patients with HS treated with adalimumab and 28 patients with psoriasis treated with infliximab, in the same period at the same clinic. Results Five of the 27 patients with HS (18%) treated with infliximab developed an acute and painful polyarthritis during treatment. The arthritis occurred on average after 12 months of treatment, was not clearly associated with anti-infliximab antibodies and resolved on average after 4 months. Interestingly, none of the patients had suffered from arthritis before despite the long duration of HS and all showed a good skin response to infliximab. Moreover, arthritis was not observed in any of the control groups. Compared with the adalimumab group and the psoriasis group, odds ratios of 7·241 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·15–45·6] and 9·025 (95% CI 1·45–55·82) were calculated. Conclusions The five cases described in this article suggest that infliximab treatment in HS can induce a transient but severe polyarthritis. The underlying mechanisms remain to be investigated further.
N-Hydroxylation of 2-Acetylaminofluorene in the Rabbit
Authors: Charles C. Irving
Journal: Cancer Research (1962)

Summary  The major urinary metabolites of 2-acetylaminofluorene (AAF) in the rabbit were N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene and 7-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene. By the third day of AAF feeding (70 mg AAF/day), N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene was the predominant urinary metabolite, and its excretion accounted for 22–30 per cent of the daily dose of ingested AAF during the first 4 weeks of feeding. During this same time interval, 12–28 per cent of the dose of AAF per day was excreted as 7-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene.  Only small (0.5–1.5 per cent of dose) or trace (0.1–0.5 per cent of dose) amounts of 3-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene and 5-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene were excreted. The rabbits did not excrete detectable quantities (more than 0.1 per cent of dose) of 1-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene.  N-Hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene was excreted entirely as a conjugate which was hydrolyzed by bacterial β-glucuronidase. 7-Hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene was excreted mainly as a conjugate cleaved by β-glucuronidase; in addition, however, small amounts of the unconjugated form or the ethereal sulfate were excreted.
Quantitative Micromethod for Determination of Phenylalanine and Tyrosine in Blood and Its Application in the Diagnosis of Phenylketonuria in Infants
Authors: Bert N. La Du, R. Rodney Howell, Patricia J. Michael, Eva K. Sober
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human hair follicle: reservoir function and selective targeting
Authors: U. Blume-Peytavi, A. Vogt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Penetration of topically applied compounds may occur via the stratum corneum, skin appendages and hair follicles. The follicular infundibulum increases the surface area, disrupts the epidermal barrier towards the lower parts of the follicle, and serves as a reservoir. Topical delivery of active compounds to specific targets within the skin, especially to distinct hair follicle compartments or cell populations, may help to treat local inflammatory reactions selectively, with reduced systemic side-effects. Various in vitro and in vivo methods exist for studying the hair follicle structure and follicular penetration pathways. These include cyanoacrylate skin surface stripping, confocal microscopy and cyanoacrylate scalp follicle biopsy. The complex anatomical structure as well as the cyclical activity of the hair follicle must be taken into consideration when designing delivery systems. In addition, delivery into and retention inside the infundibular reservoir are controlled by, for example, molecule or particle size, their polarity and the type of preparation. Preferred penetration depth and storage time must also be considered. Particles with release mechanisms should be preferred; however, the release of drugs from nanoparticles still requires further investigations.
the reading room
Authors: D.A. Frater
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Ad Libitum7 July 2015the reading roomD.A. Frater, MDD.A. Frater, MDFrom Dallas, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-0592 Audio Reading - “the reading room” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "the reading room," by D.A. Frater. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Light shines through her chest, stuckas it is up on the viewing board, andI ask my friend, the radiologist, what hethinks.His hair has grown in, no more the new chickfuzz that struggled up after the chemo poisonedhim and his cancer both, rather curls, softlike a new wig on his ex-Navy head.He told me about it after I found him on hisknees puking in a trashcan in the dark,his face dripping and pale, six weeks still togo, almost wishing he was dead.room to work, his voice bare and harsh, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Dallas, Texas.Current Author Address: D.A. Frater, MD; e-mail, [email protected]md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “the reading room” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "the reading room," by D.A. Frater. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 July 2015Volume 163, Issue 1Page: 21KeywordsHead and neck cancersHeartInhalationKneesLungsLymphLymphomaRadiologistsSexual identityThorax ePublished: 7 July 2015 Issue Published: 7 July 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A Pro12Ala substitution in PPARγ2 associated with decreased receptor activity, lower body mass index and improved insulin sensitivity
Authors: Samir S. Deeb, Lluis Fajas, Masami Nemoto, Jussi Pihlajamäki, Leena Mykkänen, Johanna Kuusisto, Markku Laakso, Wilfred Fujimoto, Johan Auwerx
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Abstract P095: What R U Eating: A Pilot Study Using Text Messaging to Track Adolescent Behavior Habits in a High School Setting
Authors: Laura Dotson, Rachel Draper, William Beckner, Erica D Irvin, Shawn G Hayes, Weimin Zhang, Neetu Narang, John Ives
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction:  The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility of using short messaging services (SMS) technology with students enrolled in HealthCorps’ school program.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that students would participate in SMS testing surveying for at least 2 weeks without significant dropouts.   Methods:  Participants were recruited from two study site: 1) Humanities Prep/Baldwin Academy in New York, New York and 2) Woodrow Wilson High School in Washington, District of Columbia by HealthCorp Coordinators. Eligibility criteria included being 13-18 years old, enrolled in the HealthCorp program, and owning a cell phone with text messaging capabilities. After consenting, students were given a short demographic and health behavior questionnaire. Students were then queried via text message each weekday for 45 days regarding their intake of fruits, vegetables, and beverages as well as their daily exercise. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the data distribution. If a comparison group was identified, differences in continuous variables between the groups were tested using t tests.   Results:  The study sample included 57 adolescents from both school; 28 from Humanities Prep/Baldwin Academy and 29 from Woodrow Wilson. The majority of the respondents were 15 years old or older and they were equally divided by sex. According to the national average of fruit and vegetable intake for adolescents 12-18 years old by gender (NHANES 2009-2010), study participants had similar intakes. On average, students exercised 28 minutes per day at each study site. A subpopulation of those who responded to 50% or more of the survey queries was analyzed. This subpopulation was statistically more likely to exercise (p=0.0087), and more likely to eat fruits and vegetables (p=0.0032 and p=0.0201 respectively) if they ate dinner at home. They were also more likely to eat vegetables (p=0.0235) if they helped prepare their dinner. Non-responders were more likely to eat out compared to those who responded to the survey (p=0.04).   Conclusion:  Several feasibility studies using mobile phones to assess dietary intake have been conducted. However, the duration of these studies were short and insufficient to capture habitual data. This study provides an innovative approach to capturing and understanding adolescents and their behaviors over a long duration (45 days). The generalizability of these results is limited by the small sample size of this pilot study. The use of text messaging as a research tool in a high school setting presents opportunities and challenges. Further research is needed to address the challenges associated with using text messaging for research in a secondary school-based environment.
Abstract 179: Presence of primary cilia in cancer cells correlates with prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Katsura Emoto, Yohei Masugi, Ken Yamazaki, Kathryn Effendi, Hanako Tsujikawa, Minoru Kitago, Osamu Itano, Yuko Kitagawa, Michiie Sakamoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that protrude from basal bodies and are involved in cell differentiation, sensory functions, and planar cell polarity. Especially, primary cilia have become popular as the place for signal transduction pathways including sonic hedgehog, Wnt, and platelet-derived growth factor pathways. Although there are many studies examining the roles of primary cilia in the fields of embryology and physiology, few such studies have been carried out in the field of oncology, and the role of primary cilia in cancer cells is poorly understood especially in human samples. In this study, we identified primary cilia by immunofluorescence analysis in which primary cilia were visualized as green rods labeled with anti-acetylated α-tubulin adjacent to basal bodies detected as red dots labeled with anti-γ-tubulin. Primary cilia were found in human pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1 and CFPAC-1) and the number of them increased in the condition of serum starvation. As for clinical samples, primary cilia were found in cancer cells in 25 of 100 pancreatic ductal carcinoma patients [1-109 (median 8) primary cilia / 3 field pictures]. Most primary cilia in cancer tissue were observed in areas showing well differentiated glandular structures in clinical samples. Patients whose cancers were primary cilia positive had a higher frequency of lymph node metastasis than those whose cancers were primary cilia negative (p = 0.016). Univariate analysis demonstrated that tumor size (p = 0.009), tumor grade (p = 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.008), and the presence of primary cilia (p = 0.002) correlated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis found that tumor grade (p &amp;lt; 0.001) and the presence of primary cilia (p = 0.001) were independent prognostic indicators. In summary, we showed that pancreatic cancer cells can form primary cilia and that the presence of primary cilia is significantly associated with the prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The presence of primary cilia has the potential to become a new diagnostic tool and therapeutic target. Citation Format: Katsura Emoto, Yohei Masugi, Ken Yamazaki, Kathryn Effendi, Hanako Tsujikawa, Minoru Kitago, Osamu Itano, Yuko Kitagawa, Michiie Sakamoto. Presence of primary cilia in cancer cells correlates with prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 179. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-179
George D. Lundberg Ousted as JAMA EditorRenewed Efforts to Improve the Quality of Health CareReport Offers Vision For Microbicide DevelopmentNew Advocates of Adequate Treatment Say Have No Fear of Pain or of ProsecutionMISCELLANEA MEDICAGeorge D. Lundberg Ousted as JAMA EditorRenewed Efforts to Improve the Quality of Health CareReport Offers Vision For Microbicide DevelopmentNew Advocates of Adequate Treatment Say Have No Fear of Pain or of ProsecutionMISCELLANEA MEDICA
Authors: M F Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
428. Adrenomedullin Gene Delivery Attenuates Renal Damage and Hypertension in Spontaneous Hypertension Rats
Authors: Xin Wei, Chunxia Zhao, Jiangang Jiang, Zhenjun Liu, Daowen Wang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Background: Human adrenomedullin (AM) is a potent vasodilating peptide with natriuetic activity originally discovered in human pheochromocytoma. AM has been implicated as an important regulator in the renal and cardiovascular systems. By using a new double stranded adeno-associated virus vector (dsAAV), human AM gene can get more rapid and highly efficient transduction than before. In this study, we employed a somatic gene delivery approach to explore its potential hypotensive and protective roles in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). Method: The dsAAV was used to harbor human AM gene (or GFP gene) cDNA, and dsAAV-AM and dsAAV-GFP was administered intravenously to two group (n=8 for each) of male SHR (2 × 1010 p.f.u. /rat) respectively. The caudal arterial pressure was measured using tail cuff device once a week, and 24-hour urine and fasting blood were collected to determine levels urinary trace of albumin (Alb) and AM concentrations every 2 weeks. By inserting a catheter into the left ventricle, the heart rate (HR), the left ventricle systolic pressure (LVP) and the maximal/minimum rate of LVP (±LV dp/dtmax) were measured before animals were sacrificed (16 weeks after gene delivery). The main organs were obtained for histological analysis. Results: The dsAAV-AM delivery significantly decreased blood pressure in SHR (up to 28mmHg), which lasted for all experimental duration, compared with the control group (dsAAV-GFP). Expression of human AM mRNA was detected in the heart, renal and liver after human AM gene delivery. Analysis of blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) displayed stable AM gene expression after gene deliveries until experiments ended in dsAAV-AM group, but AM was undetectable in dsAAV-GFP group. In dsAAV-AM group, the level of Alb was much more higher than the dsAAV-GFP group. After human AM gene delivery, the hemodynamic variables deterioration was prevented, compared with the dsAAV-GFP group. Human AM gene delivery significantly attenuated increases fibrosis in the heart and glomerular sclerosis, tubular injuries and protein casts in the kidney. Conclusions: DsAAV-AM can result in significant decrease of blood pressure in SHR, improve renal function and prevent cardiovascular remodeling due to hypertension. These results suggest that dsAAV-AM may have significance in therapeutic applications for hypertension.