tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Extent of Lymphadenectomy and Prognosis After Esophageal Cancer Surgery
Authors: Jesper Lagergren, Fredrik Mattsson, Janine Zylstra, Fuju Chang, James Gossage, Robert Mason, Pernilla Lagergren, Andrew Davies
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

The prognostic role of the extent of lymphadenectomy during surgery for esophageal cancer is uncertain and requires clarification.To clarify whether the number of removed lymph nodes influences mortality following surgery for esophageal cancer.Conducted from January 1, 2000, to January 31, 2014, this was a cohort study of patients who underwent esophagectomy for cancer in 2000-2012 at a high-volume hospital for esophageal cancer surgery, with follow-up until 2014.The main exposure was the number of resected lymph nodes. Secondary exposures were the number of metastatic lymph nodes and positive to negative lymph node ratio.The independent role of the extent of lymphadenectomy in relation to all-cause and disease-specific 5-year mortality was analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression models, providing hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs. The HRs were adjusted for age, pathological T category, tumor differentiation, margin status, calendar period of surgery, and response to preoperative chemotherapy.Among 606 included patients, 506 (83.5%) had adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, 323 (53%) died within 5 years of surgery, and 235 (39%) died of tumor recurrence. The extent of lymphadenectomy was not statistically significantly associated with all-cause or disease-specific mortality, independent of the categorization of lymphadenectomy or stratification for T category, calendar period, or chemotherapy. Patients in the fourth quartile of the number of removed nodes (21-52 nodes) did not demonstrate a statistically significant reduction in all-cause 5-year mortality compared with those in the lowest quartile (0-10 nodes) (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.63-1.17), particularly not in the most recent calendar period (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.57-1.66 for years 2007-2012). A greater number of metastatic nodes and a higher positive to negative node ratio was associated with increased mortality rates, and these associations showed dose-response associations.This study indicated that the extent of lymphadenectomy during surgery for esophageal cancer might not influence 5-year all-cause or disease-specific survival. These results challenge current clinical guidelines.
Phase II study of paclitaxel therapy for unresectable biliary tree carcinomas.
Authors: D V Jones, R Lozano, A Hoque, A Markowitz, Y Z Patt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

To evaluate the efficacy of paclitaxel administered to patients with unresectable adenocarcinomas of the gallbladder and biliary tree over 3 hours every 21 days.Fifteen patients with unresectable and/or metastatic carcinoma of the gallbladder and bile ducts received intravenous paclitaxel over 3 hours after premedication with dexamethasone, diphenhydramine, and cimetidine. Treatment was repeated every 21 days, and one complete course of therapy was comprised of two such 21-day treatment cycles. The initial dose of paclitaxel was 170 mg/m2, and this was elevated to 200 mg/m2 due to tolerance within the initial patient cohort.All patients were assessable for both toxicity and response: 11 with bile duct cancer and four with gall-bladder carcinoma. Forty-three cycles of therapy were delivered during the trial (median, two), and one patient remains on treatment. No complete or partial responses were noted, although two patients achieved minor responses that lasted 2 and 2+ months, respectively. There were no deaths on this study, and all but one of the patients is still alive. The therapy was well tolerated, and hematologic and mucosal toxic effects were moderate and readily reversible, although significant neuromuscular adverse effects were noted.These findings indicate that paclitaxel, administered on this schedule, is tolerable, but is unlikely to have activity in metastatic carcinomas of the biliary tree. It is unclear whether a different regimen of paclitaxel, or another taxane, may have activity in these neoplasms.
Are patients with chronic pain depressed?
Authors: K G Kramlinger, D W Swanson, T Maruta
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Of 100 consecutive patients treated in a program for management of chronic pain, 25 were definitely depressed, 39 were probably depressed, and 36 were not depressed. Comparisons between the definitely depressed and nondepressed groups showed them to have strikingly similar characteristics as well as treatment outcome. Nearly 90% of the definitely depressed patients showed resolution of their depression without use of antidepressant medication.
Genetic Loci Influencing Lung Function
Authors: OSCAR JOOST, JEMMA B. WILK, L. ADRIENNE CUPPLES, MICHAEL HARMON, AMANDA M. SHEARMAN, CLINTON T. BALDWIN, GEORGE T. O'CONNOR, RICHARD H. MYERS, DANIEL J. GOTTLIEB
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Prior studies have found cross-sectional lung function to be highly heritable. In the present study, we used a 10-cM genome-wide scan of 1,578 members of 330 families participating in the Framingham Study to test for linkage of genetic markers to level of lung function as determined by spirometry during middle age. At this age, lung function measures may reflect the effects of genes influencing lung growth and development, as well as of those influencing decline in lung function during adulthood. We performed spirometry on 345 members of the Original Cohort and 1,233 members of the Offspring Cohort of the Framingham Study. The effects of age, height, body mass index, and smoking status on spirometric measures were adjusted through linear regression models created separately for men and women in each cohort. Standardized residuals for FEV1, FVC, and the ratio of FEV1 to FVC were obtained from these models. The residual spirometric measures were analyzed for linkage to the genome scan markers through the use of variance component models in the Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routines software program. The loci most strongly influencing FEV1 and FVC colocalized on chromosomes 4, 6, and 21. FEV1 was most influenced by the locus on chromosome 6 (logarithm of the odds favoring genetic linkage [LOD] = 2.4), whereas chromosome 21 contained markers with the strongest linkage to FVC (LOD = 2.6).
Exhaled NO in diffuse alveolar haemorrhage
Authors: G Rolla
Journal: Thorax (2005)

The syndrome of diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is associated with a wide variety of diseases. Haemoptysis, falling haemoglobin, and air space opacities on the chest radiograph constitute a triad of features suggestive of DAH which should be confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL).1 However, haemoptysis can be absent in up to one third of patients. A sensitive marker of DAH is a sequential increase in the carbon monoxide lung transfer factor (Tlco). This results from the increased availability of haemoglobin within the alveolar compartment which avidly binds carbon monoxide.2 Although informative, the Tlco often cannot be measured in patients with DAH as they might be too ill. Nitric oxide (NO) combines with haemoglobin much faster than carbon monoxide and is continuously produced in the respiratory tract. Exhaled NO can be measured …
Forefoot Rotation - a Hindfoot Problem?: Preliminary Communication
Authors: T Duckworth
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1983)

A type of valgus deformity of the foot which differs from those commonly recognized is described. In this foot, correction of the hindfoot valgus results in the talus assuming an abnormally horizontal position, so that the forefoot is markedly rotated relative to the hindfoot. The condition is usually present at birth and may occur in paralytic and non-paralytic forms. Its recognition is important as the deformity may lead to difficulties later in life.
The prognostic importance of tumor size in malignant gliomas: a computed tomographic scan study by the Brain Tumor Cooperative Group.
Authors: J R Wood, S B Green, W R Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

The prognostic importance of tumor size was studied in 510 patients with malignant glioma (80% with glioblastoma multiforme) in the Valid Study Group of Study 80-01 of the Brain Tumor Study Group (now the Brain Tumor Cooperative Group [BTCG]). The endpoint was length of survival from randomization, which occurred within 3 weeks of definitive surgery. Following randomization, patients were scheduled to receive radiotherapy (RT) (6,020 cGy) during a 7-week period, along with continuing courses of chemotherapy. Computed tomographic (CT) scan information was available for 124 patients preoperatively, 300 patients postoperatively (preradiation), and 218 patients 9 weeks post-RT (+/- 3 weeks). Tumor size was determined as area (length x width) on the contrast-enhanced scan and survival was compared by log rank statistics. Preoperative tumor area was unrelated to survival (P = .48), but postoperative area was significantly prognostic (P less than .0001); the smaller the residual tumor, the longer the patient lived. Patients with a 75% or greater resection, as determined by measuring the difference between the preoperative and the postoperative scans, tended to have better survival, but the difference was not significant (P = .16). The post-RT area was strongly related to survival (P less than .00001). The percent change in area between the pre- and post-RT scans was also prognostic. Tumor size was of prognostic importance independent of the other known prognostic variables: age, Karnofsky performance score, and whether the tumor was glioblastoma or anaplastic astrocytoma. We conclude that the amount of tumor remaining after surgery is an important baseline variable at the start of RT, and that the tumor size 9 weeks following RT is also prognostic. Surgical resection is most important when it leaves the least amount of residual tumor.
Correlation of surface expression of CD11b or CD32 in polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) and CD69 in natural killer cells (NK) with progression-free survival (PFS) following chemoimmunotherapy with rituximab and liposomal doxorubicin (LD) in patients (pts) with relapsed or refractory B-cell lymphoma
Authors: P. Ritesh, S. Pahuja, J. Chavez, W. Braddy, M. Skipper, Z. P. Bernstein, A. Chanan-Khan, J. Ramanarayanan, M. S. Czuczman, F. J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

8583 Antibody dependent cellular citotoxicity (ADCC) play a significant role in rituximab's anti-tumor activity. FcγRIIIa polymorphisms have been associated with clinical responses to rituximab. The predictive value of FcγRIIIa polymorphisms is lost when rituximab is combined with chemotherapy. Alternative assays to assess the immune system had not been studied in patients treated with rituximab plus chemotherapy. To this end, we prospectively studied the pre-treatment quality and function of PMNs and NK cells from pts with refractory/relapsed B-cell lymphomas in a Phase I/II trial. Forty-two B-cell lymphoma patients pts completed treatment. Demographics: 22M:20F; Median age = 61.8 (range 35–83); Patients received R (375 mg/m 2 /dose) on day 1 and LD (30 mg/m 2 /dose) on day 3 q21 day × 6 cycles. Pre-treatment flow cytometry was performed to assess surface expression of CD11b, CD62, CD69, CD16, CD32 and CD64 in PMNs or NKcells was performed. Serum or PBMC's were isolated from each patient and used 51 Cr release assays to study rituximab-associated complement mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) or ADCC. To correlate laboratory parameters with response rate, and PFS patients were divided in tertiles. Overall, R+LD was very well-tolerated. Overall response rate (ORR) = 68% (39% CR, 19% PR); median time-to-progression (TTP) = 12 m. Surface expression of CD32 in PMNs, and CD69 in NKcells correlated with better response rates. Surface expression of CD11b and CD32 in the PMN's correlated with a longer PFS (P = 0.040 and P = 0.015, respectively).There was a non-statistically significant trend towards an improved in PFS in those patients whom their PBMC's exhibited a higher degree of ex-vivo rituximab ADCC. Our data suggest that R+LD is a safe and effective regimen and that the quality of the immune system prior to a chemo-immunotherapy regimen may play a role in clinical outcomes, specifically the expression of CD11b and CD32 in PMNs or CD69 in NKcells. Our data supports further research in seeking ways to enhance the quality of the immune system to improve responses to rituximab ± chemotherapy. [Table: see text]
Molecular biology of diabetes. I. Autoimmunity and genetics; Insulin synthesis and secretion Edited by Boris Draznin and Derek LeRoith. Totowa, NJ, Humana Press, 1994, $89.50 (xiii + 404 pages), ISBN 0-896-03286-8
Authors: C KAHN
Journal: Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism (1995)
Correlation of computed tomography measurement of small puomonary vessels with hemodynamic factors in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Yukiko Matsuura, Toshihiko Sugiura, Naoko Kawata, Nobuhiro Tanabe, Koichiro Tatsumi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Previous studies have shown that the percentage of total cross-sectional area of small pulmonary vessels (CSA) for the lung area assessed on computed tomography (CT) is significantly correlated to pulmonary arterial pressure in patients with severe emphysema.  Purpose: We aimed to study correlation of the percentage of CSA less than 5mm2 (%CSA  Materials and Methods: 14 subjects (5 male, 53±12 yrs) with PAH underwent noncontrast CT scan and right heart catheterization (RHC). Three CT slices were selected from noncontrast CT images. The upper cranial slice was taken approximately 1 cm above the upper margin of the aortic arch, the middle slice was taken approximately 1 cm below the carina, and the lower caudal slice was taken approximately 1 cm below the right inferior pulmonary vein. We measured CSA less than 5mm2 and lung area from each images, and calculated the percentage of total CSA for the lung area(%CSA  Results:%CSA  Conclusions: %CSA
Fate of inhaled ultrafine carbon particles after one week; human exposure using a novel aerosol with 111indium
Authors: Anna Klepczynska-Nyström, Alejandro Sanchez-Crespo, Martin Anderson, Rolf Falk, Anders Lundin, Britt-Marie Larsson, Magnus Svartengren
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Particulate air pollution, such as nanosized particles <100 nm in diameter, has negative health effects. But, there is still limited knowledge regarding the fate of inhaled particles in the human body. Controlled exposure conditions provide information about the biological pathways of particle pollutants, such as deposition and retention, in human body.

Recently we have developed a method for labelling ultrafine carbon particles with an indium isotope (111In), and generating an aerosol, which enables long-term deposition and retention studies in humans (Sanchez-Crespo, et al. 2011: “111Indium-labeled ultrafine carbon particles… Inhal Toxicol 23(3): 121-128). In the present study ten healthy volunteers were exposed for the aerosol (particle size range 58-124 nm) and followed for seven days. One volunteer was followed for totally 29 days.

One week after the exposure, pulmonary particle retention was 92%. There was no elimination of particles from the body via urine. The total in vitro leaching of free non-bound activity was 3.2%, which indicates a stable bonding between the particles and 111In. The volunteer that was followed for totally 29 days, demonstrated 10% further clearance of particles out of the lungs. There was marginal translocation of carbon particles out of lungs to blood (0,3%), which supports our earlier results on with 99Tcm labelled ultrafine carbon particles with the size of 35 nm (Wiebert et al 2006: No significant translocation of inhaled 35-nm carbon particles to the circulation in humans. Inhal Toxicol 18(10): 741-747). We conclude that measurements with indium-111 enables longer follow-up studies as the labelling have higher levels of activity.
Abstract 27: Label-free, real-time analysis of endothelial cell morphogenesis using iPSC-derived endothelial cells
Authors: David Mann, David Belair, Coby Carlson, Arne Thompson, Yama Abassi, Jeff Irelan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Endothelial cell (EC) morphogenesis during the early stages of angiogenesis is a highly dynamic process tightly regulated by growth factor activity in the extracellular milieu. Other in vitro models for the analysis of EC morphogenesis have previously been developed to understand the cellular processes and the impact of soluble cues and pharmacological inhibitors. However, these assays typically utilize end-point analysis of primary endothelial cells (eg. HUVEC), which are a physiologically relevant vascular cell type but do exhibit variability from the diversity of donors. Additionally, current methods for measuring morphogenesis (eg. proliferation and migration) only capture a snapshot of cell function owing to potentially destructive labeling of the cells and do not capture the complexity of cellular processes involved in EC morphogenesis Here, we describe use of a real-time system for monitoring of cellular processes using electronic cell sensor array technology. The cellular model tested on this impedance-based platform was a well-defined human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived endothelial cells. Following assay optimization and workflow improvement, we assessed the impact of serum, growth factors (e.g. VEGF, EGF, FGF-2), and small-molecule angiogenesis inhibitors (e.g. Sunitinib, SU1498) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of iPSC-derived ECs compared to primary cells. We observed that real-time monitoring of such cellular processes offers distinct and important advantages over traditional end-point assays - specifically, the ability to measure receptor activation and quantify morphologic and adhesive remodeling of EC upon growth factor activation or signaling inhibition. By better understanding cellular morphogenesis in vitro, we can generate a picture of what soluble cues regulate the process and how pharmacological agents can modulate the different cell fates underlying morphogenesis. The use of iPSC-derived endothelial cells provides a robust and reproducible source of cells that perform equivalently to the standard that is HUVEC. The combination of iPSC-derived EC together with a real time monitoring system provides a biologically relevant human model system. Citation Format: David Mann, David Belair, Coby Carlson, Arne Thompson, Yama Abassi, Jeff Irelan. Label-free, real-time analysis of endothelial cell morphogenesis using iPSC-derived endothelial cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 27. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-27
Bloodstream infections due to Peptoniphilus spp.: report of 15 cases
Authors: K. Brown, D. Church, T. Lynch, D. Gregson
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)

<h2>Abstract</h2> <i>Peptoniphilus</i> spp. are Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC) that were formerly classified in the genus <i>Peptostreptococcus</i>. This study describes 15 cases of <i>Peptoniphilus</i> spp. bloodstream infection (BSI) diagnosed from 2007 to 2011 using 16S rDNA sequencing in patients with pneumonia, pre-term delivery, soft tissue infection or colon or bladder disease. Seven out of 15 (47%) of these cases had polymicrobial BSIs. One of the isolates was closely related to <i>P. duerdenii</i> (EU526290), while the other 14 isolates were most closely related to a <i>Peptoniphilus</i> sp. reference strain (ATCC 29743) and <i>P. hareii</i> (Y07839). <i>Peptoniphilus</i> is a rare but important cause of BSI.
Studies implicate only gestodene and desogestrel
Authors: R J Donnelly
Journal: BMJ (1995)

using the pill early because they had had a thrombo- embolic event).The users of products containing levonorgestrel and norethisterone might then comprise, in effect, a population of survivors who are less at risk of the condition under study.I understand that further analyses are in progress to test this hypothesis in various ways.The same model, however, has important implications for prescribers now.A first time user could
Follow-Up After Port-a-Cath–Induced Thrombosis
Authors: K. Kröger, R. Grütter, G. Rudofsky, H. Fink, W. Niebel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.10.2605 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12011142 Follow-Up After Port-a-Cath–Induced Thrombosis K. KrögerxK. KrögerSearch for articles by this author , R. GrütterxR. GrütterSearch for articles by this author , G. RudofskyxG. RudofskySearch for articles by this author , H. FinkxH. FinkSearch for articles by this author , W. NiebelxW. NiebelSearch for articles by this author Show More Klinik und Poliklinik für AngiologieZentrum für Tumorforschung und TumortherapieKlinik und Poliklinik für Allgemein- und Transplantationschirurgie, Universität Essen, Essen, Germany https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.10.2605 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Simultaneous targeting of the androgen receptor and PI3K/mTOR pathway in androgen-dependent and androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.
Authors: X. Liu, A. Gomez-Pinillos, A. C. Ferrari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e15049 Background: The progression of prostate cancer (PC) has been correlated to the gain of function of the androgen receptor (AR) and constitutive activation of Akt as a result of deregulation of the PTEN/PI3K/mTOR pathway. We postulate that simultaneous targeting of these pathways might be more effective than single inhibitors in decreasing AR activity and tumor growth in non-castrate and castration-resistant PC (CRPC). Methods: Androgen-dependent and -independent LNCaP cells (AD, AI) and Rv1 cells were treated with the dual PI3K/mTor inhibitor BEZ235 (Novartis), the PI3K inhibitor BKM120 (Novartis), rapamycin alone and each in combination with bicalutamide. Growth was measured by MTT assay, p-Akt, p-S6K and AR levels by Western, and AR transcriptional activity by PSA and CDC20 mRNA quantification by QT- PCR. Results: The IC50 for AD, AI and Rv1 after 72h treatment with BEZ235 were 2.16, 5.7 and 1.6 nM respectively; with BKM120 0.52, 0.48 and 0.8 μM respectively and with rapamycin 0.6, 1.8 and 1.6nM. The IC50 of BEZ235-bicalutamide were 1.04, 4.4 and 1.1nM; for BKM120-bicalutamide 0.33, 0.3 and 0.26 μM and for rapamycin-bicalutamide were 0.7, 0.25 and 85nM. Isobolograms confirmed the three combinations excepting rapamycin-bicalutamide in Rv1cells were synergistic in all cell lines and the IC50 for bicalutamide in AI and Rv1 cells reached the IC50 of AD cells (12.5 μM). At 24 hours BEZ235 inhibited Akt and S6K phosphorylation in all the cell lines more effectively than the BKM120 while rapamycin and bicalutamide increased p-Akt. However, while AR protein levels were only decreased after bicalutamide treatment of AD cells, the transcription of PSA and CDC20 were more significantly reduced by BEZ235 than BKM120. Conclusions: Combinations of bicalutamide with dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitors is synergistic and more effective in suppressing Akt activation than combinations with single PI3K or mTOR inhibitors. This suggests that blocking Akt activation by dual inhibitors and the ligand binding to AR might be more effective to reduce its gain of function, and may restore hormonal response in CRPC or circumvent the need for castration in recurrent PC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.