tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17131: Diastolic Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Patients With Moderate to Severe Aortic Regurgitation is Strongly Related to Increased Longitudinal Fiber Stress and Subsequent Non-uniform Myocardial Relaxation
Authors: Stig Urheim, Kaspar Broch, Gabor Kunszt, Richard Massey, Svend Aakhus, Lars Gullestad
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Diastolic dysfunction in aortic regurgitation (AR) is present at an early stage of the disease. Yet, the mechanisms are not clearly understood. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that diastolic dysfunction in AR patients is caused by increased longitudinal (meridional) fiber stress and subsequent impaired relaxation of the corresponding subendocardial (longitudinal) fibers. Methods: Thirty asymptomatic patients with moderate to severe aortic regurgitation (AR) and 17 age matched healthy controls (C) where analyzed (32 ± 7 and 35 ± 4 (SD) years, respectively, p=NS) with 3D speckle tracking echocardiography. We measured early diastolic longitudinal- (LSRe) and circumferential (CSRe) strain rate (1/s) as the time derivative of strain (%) and the peak difference (LSRe – CSRe) during isovolumic relaxation (IVR). Early diastolic flow rate (sec -1 ) was estimated as the time derivative of the LV volume curve normalized to end-diastolic volume (EDV). Finally, we calculated end-systolic meridional fiber stress (mmHg). Results: LV ejection fraction in C and AR was 61 ± 2 and 62 ± 3 %, respectively (p=NS). AR patients had signs of impaired LV filling with lower early diastolic flow rate (Table 1). During IVR, the strain rate curves consistently departed (Figure 1, arrow), indicating a non-homogenous relaxation. A negative correlation was shown between meridional fiber stress and the IVR strain rate gradient (y= -0.0123x + 1.0921, r=0.61, p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: We have demonstrated a non-homogenous relaxation of subendocardial- relative to circumferential fibers in AR patients that strongly correlated with longitudinal fiber stress, suggesting a causal relationship.
Locomotion, Theta Oscillations, and the Speed-Correlated Firing of Hippocampal Neurons Are Controlled by a Medial Septal Glutamatergic Circuit
Authors: Falko Fuhrmann, Daniel Justus, Liudmila Sosulina, Hiroshi Kaneko, Tatjana Beutel, Detlef Friedrichs, Susanne Schoch, Martin Karl Schwarz, Martin Fuhrmann, Stefan Remy
Journal: Neuron (2015)
Steps Toward Understanding, Alleviating Osteoarthritis Will Help Aging Population
Authors: M J Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (1999)

BETHESDA, MD—Although age is a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA), the degenerative joint disease that affects more than 20 million Americans mainly over the age of 45, OA is not an inevitable part of the aging process. Obesity, joint injury, and genetics are all thought to contribute to the cartilage breakdown and other factors that lead to the development and progression of joint degeneration characteristic of the disease. Still, as the number of older Americans increases, physicians are welcoming new insights into the pathophysiology of OA that lead to better methods of preventing and treating this disabling disorder.
Improving the Decision Processes of Institutional Review Boards
Authors: Todd H Wagner
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fifth international congress on peer review and biomedical publication
Authors: D. Rennie
Journal: BMJ (2003)

We have now held four peer review congresses at four year intervals, and their success is shown by the stimulus they have given to an evolving science—investigation of the process whereby scientific work is selected and published.1–4 Since the announcement of the first peer review congress in 1986, the numbers of abstracts submitted to successive congresses have increased from 50 to 110, 160, and 180, respectively. We have noted similar increases in the number of Medline citations on peer review, which since 2000 have averaged 170-200 per year.5

We now …
VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS (KALA-AZAR): REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: C D MARPLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

Case Reports1 May 1947VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS (KALA-AZAR): REPORT OF A CASECHARLES D. MARPLE, M.D.CHARLES D. MARPLE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-26-5-787 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptVisceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar) is a chronic and, in untreated cases, a highly fatal infectious disease characterized by a persistent fever of an alternating, remittent, or intermittent type, progressive weight loss, weakness and emaciation, progressive anemia, splenomegaly and hepatomegaly, severe reduction of the leukocytes, particularly of the granulocytes, and by the demonstrable presence of the causative parasite in the spleen and bone marrow. The disease is produced by the protozoan,Leishmania donovaniwhich is transmitted from person to person by the bite of one or more species of blood sucking sandflies of the genus phlebotomus.1There is a possibility that the...Bibliography1. SWAMINATHSHORTANDERSON CSHELA: Transmission of Indian kala-azar to man by the bite of Phlebotomus argentipes , Indian Jr. Med. Res., 1942, xxx, 473. Google Scholar2. STRONG RP: Stitt's "Diagnosis, prevention and treatment of tropical diseases," 6th ed., 1942, Blakiston, Philadelphia. Google Scholar3. PRICEMAYER SLRA: A case of kala-azar, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1944, cxxv, 7, 490. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BURCHARDWOODS JHRP: Visceral leishmaniasis, report of three cases of its occurrence in members of the armed forces of the United States, War Med., 1945, vii, 173. Google Scholar5. SWEENEYFRIEDLANERQUEEN JSRDFB: Kala-azar simulating splenic anemia, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1945, cxxviii, 1020. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication October 27, 1945. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byKALA-AZAR (VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS): REPORT OF A CASE WITH 34 MONTH INCUBATION PERIOD AND POSITIVE DOAN-WRIGHT TEST*HERMAN H. STONE, M.D., CHARLES D. TOOL, M.D., WILLIAM S. PUGSLEY, M.D.Relapsing Kala-Azar 1 May 1947Volume 26, Issue 5Page: 787-795KeywordsGranulocytesHepatomegalyInfectious diseasesKala-azarLeishmaniasisProtozoansSevere blood lossSpleenSplenomegalyWeight loss ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1947 PDF downloadLoading ...
Frequency and correlates of childhood sexual and physical abuse histories in adult female borderline inpatients
Authors: S L Shearer, C P Peters, M S Quaytman, R L Ogden
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Suspected complex partial seizure disorder, eating disorders, and drug abuse disorders were overrepresented among the 40% (N = 16) of female borderline inpatients who reported a history of sexual abuse. Early family disruption, more frequent hospital admissions, and concomitant antisocial personality disorder were overrepresented among those who reported past physical abuse.
874. Hepatocellular Morphology in the Pahenu2 Mouse Model of PKU Is Altered Following Portal Vein Administration of rAAV-mPAH-WPRE Vectors
Authors: Jeniffer E. Embury, Catherine E. Charron, Philip J. Laipis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Phenylketonuria (PKU) is among the most common human birth defects. The disease is caused by a defect in the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) resulting in elevated serum phenylalanine (Phe) levels, leading to severe mental retardation. The current treatment for PKU is a restrictive diet. We developed a recombinant AAV vector carrying the mouse PAH gene (rAAV-mPAH) and delivered it through portal vein injection. Male Pahenu2 mice responded at vector doses of 6 × 1010 I.U. or above, lowering serum Phe to therapeutic levels. Female mice were unresponsive to similar doses. A dominant negative interaction between normal subunits of the PAH tetramer made from the vector delivered gene and endogenous PAH missense subunits is a possible explanation. To overcome a dominant negative effect, a Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus post-transcriptional regulatory element was added to the rAAV-mPAH vector (rAAV-mPAH-WPRE). Portal vein delivery to male Pahenu2 mice resulted in reduction of serum Phe levels at about 10% of previous doses.
Cigarette Smoking in China
Authors: You Long Gong, Jeffrey P. Koplan, Wei Feng, Charles H. C. Chen, Ping Zheng, Jeffrey R. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To determine the prevalence, pattern, and financial implications of cigarette smoking and the attitudes toward and knowledge of the health effects of tobacco use in a population in China. <h3>Design.</h3> —A two-stage, stratified cluster survey using door-to-door interviews. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Minhang District, China (near Shanghai), with a population of 506 000. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 3423 males and 3593 females aged 15 years and older. <h3>Main Outcome Measures.</h3> —Smoking prevalence, age of initiation of smoking, reasons for smoking, knowledge of tobacco hazards, and costs of smoking. <h3>Results.</h3> —A total of 2279 males (67%) but only 72 females (2%) smoke. Many males initiate smoking in adulthood. A total of 1156 males (50.7%) began smoking between 20 and 24 years of age, and 666 (29.2%) began between 25 and 39 years of age. Among all respondents, 6202 (88.4%) believe smoking is harmful for both the smoker and those exposed passively to the smoke. Only 332 (14.1%) of all male smokers reported a desire to quit smoking. Current smokers spent an average of 3.65 yuan daily on cigarettes or 1332 yuan yearly (8.5 yuan per US dollar), which represents 60% of personal income and 17% of household income. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —The survey reveals a dangerous health situation that in all likelihood will worsen. More than two thirds of men smoke, and people in successive age cohorts start smoking at earlier ages. Smokers spend a substantial proportion of their income on cigarettes. There is a low rate of quitting and a low desire to quit despite high awareness of the health hazards. Tobacco control measures need to be implemented urgently in China. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1995;274:1232-1234)
Abstract 10346: Relationship Between Markers of Bone Remodeling and Coronary Calcification
Authors: Indu G Poornima, Lewis H Kuller
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Vascular calcification is an active process and increased osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels, a marker of bone turnover, have been described in cross-sectional studies of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). We tested the hypothesis that progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) is associated with changes in levels of OPG and its ligand, receptor activator of nuclear kappa- B (RANKL).   Methods:  Women on the Move through Activity and Nutrition (WOMAN) was a prospective, randomized, clinical trial that studied the effects of intensive lifestyle change versus health education on CAD risk factors in postmenopausal women without known CAD. We measured serum OPG and RANKL levels at baseline and 48 months by ELISA on 86 women in the health education arm and determined the correlation with progression of CAC measured by EBCT.   Results:  Mean age of study participants was 57±3 years. Largest change in CAC from baseline to 48 months was seen in those with highest levels of OPG (table). There was no correlation between use of hormone replacement therapy and OPG levels (p=0.7). No correlation was observed between RANKL levels and CAC progression. RANKL/OPG ratios were categorized as tertiles and log-transformed and showed a similar relationship to CAC: 20% of patients in the lowest tertile of RANKL/OPG had progression to CAC>100 vs 9% in the highest tertile (p   Conclusions:  Serum OPG levels correlate significantly with progression of coronary atherosclerosis. High serum OPG levels may represent a proinflammatory milieu leading to further plaque development.
Unrecognized physical illness prompting psychiatric admission: a prospective study
Authors: Richard C Hall, Earl R. Gardner, Michael K. Popkin, Auguste F. Lecann, Sondra K. Stickney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The authors studied 100 state hospital psychiatric patients consecutively admitted to a research ward who were screened to eliminate physical illness before admission. They found an unusually high incidence of medical illness: 46% of these patients had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness, 80% had physical illnesses requiring treatment, and 4% had precancerous conditions or illnesses. A workup consisting of psychiatric and physical examination, SMA-34, urinalysis, ECG, and EEG after sleep deprivation identified over 90% of medical illnesses present in this population. The authors suggest that such a battery be part of the routine workup for all hospitalized psychiatric patients.
Abstract MP69: Effect of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Combat Exposure on Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Vietnam Era Veteran Twins
Authors: Margarethe Goetz, Amit Shah, Jack Goldberg, Lucy Shallenberger, Nancy V Murrah, Douglas Bremner, Viola Vaccarino
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease, but the pathophysiologic mechanisms remains unclear. Genetic and shared familial and early environmental factors may confound this association. Carotid artery intima media thickness (cIMT) is a measure of atherosclerotic burden and is predictive of future cardiovascular events. In a study of Vietnam era twins, we assessed the hypothesis that PTSD and combat exposure are associated with cIMT after controlling for shared genetic and childhood environmental factors. Methods: We studied 465 middle-aged male twins from the Vietnam Era Twin Registry, who were part of the Emory Twin Studies, without a clinical history of cardiovascular disease. A diagnosis of PTSD was obtained with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV and combat exposure was measured using the Combat Exposure Scale. Carotid IMT was measured using B-mode ultrasound. Mixed effects regression models with a random effect for the twin pair were used to examine overall, between- and within-pair effects. Models were sequentially adjusting for traditional CVD risk factors, genetic and childhood environmental factors. Results: About 13% (60 out of 465) of participants met criteria for PTSD and 45% (209 out of 465) served in the Vietnam Theater. When twins were examined as individuals, PTSD was associated with 33.3 μm higher cIMT (p=0.03) after adjustment for potential confounders. In addition, the average cIMT for the twin pair increased by 43 μm for each additional twin affected by PTSD in the pair (p=0.04). However, there was no significant within-pair difference in cIMT comparing co-twins discordant for PTSD. Combat exposure showed a similar pattern of results but its association with cIMT weakened after adjusting for PTSD (unadjusted p=0.01, adjusted p=0.08). Conclusions: Among Vietnam era veterans, combat exposure and PTSD are both associated with cIMT, but such associations are largely mediated by shared familial or early environmental factors.
Cats Trigger Asthma Only Sometimes
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Katrina’s Impact on Mental Health Likely to Last Years
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hospital Quality Reporting by US News &amp; World Report
Authors: Ben Harder, Avery Comarow
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 9743: Significance of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2-Mediated Regulation of Akt and Caspase-7 Activity in Macrophage Apoptosis
Authors: Hisakazu Ogita, Xiaoling Pang, Dimitar P Zankov
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is a member of the PLA2 superfamily and is reported to be related to atherosclerosis. However, molecular mechanism by which Lp-PLA2 regulates atherosclerosis is not fully investigated. To explore it, this study was conducted by focusing on macrophage apoptosis, which plays a role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis.   Methods:  Monocytes were isolated from randomly selected healthy male volunteers in each Lp-PLA2 genotype (wild-type Lp-PLA2 [Lp-PLA2 (V/V)], the heterozygous V279F mutation [Lp-PLA2 (V/F)], the homozygous V279F mutation [Lp-PLA2 (F/F)]), and were differentiated into macrophages. The induction of apoptosis in macrophages after incubation without serum was measured by the annexin V/propidium iodide double staining method. Involvement of caspases and Akt in the Lp-PLA2-mediated apoptosis was further examined using a culture cell line.   Results:  The average plasma Lp-PLA2 concentration and activity were significantly low in the Lp-PLA2 (F/F) genotype compared with the Lp-PLA2 (V/V) genotype, but basic clinical characteristics were similar among each genotype. The percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly higher in the Lp-PLA2 (F/F) macrophages compared with those of Lp-PLA2 (V/V). Transfection of the expression plasmid of V279F mutant Lp-PLA2 into monocyte/macrophage-like U937 cells promoted the apoptosis. Knockdown of Lp-PLA2 also increased the number of apoptotic cells. In the cells expressing mutant Lp-PLA2, caspase-7 activity was increased and activated Akt was decreased. In addition, inhibition of caspase-7 activity reduced apoptosis in V279F mutant Lp-PLA2-expressing U937 cells, and on the other hand, an Akt inhibitor facilitated apoptosis in wild-type Lp-PLA2-expressing U937 cells.   Conclusions:  V279F mutation of Lp-PLA2 promotes the induction of apoptosis in macrophages, and the increase in caspase-7 activity and the reduction of activated Akt are considered to be crucial for this phenomenon.
Abstract 1147: Vitamin D Deficiency is Strongly Associated With Incident Death and Cardiovascular Disease in a General Healthcare Population
Authors: Tami L Bair, Heidi T May, Benjamin D Horne, Donald L Lappe, John F Carlquist, Brianna S Ronnow, Jeffrey L Anderson, Joseph B Muhlestein
Journal: Circulation (2009)

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency has long been associated with musculoskeletal disorders. However, recently it has also been implicated in various other heath problems, including hypertension, diab...