tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HIV incidence increasing in MSM in Germany: factors influencing infection dynamics
Authors: U Marcus, L Voss, C Kollan, O Hamouda
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

After an initial peak in the mid-1980s, HIV incidence in men who have sex with men (MSM) declined in most western industrialised countries and then levelled off during the 1990s. Since the late 1990s, increasing numbers of newly diagnosed HIV infections in MSM have been observed in the majority of countries with large and visible MSM communities. Based on a review of national and international behavioural surveillance studies of MSM and national HIV surveillance data, we propose a model for the HIV epidemic in MSM in Germany. The model includes aspects such as individuals' increasing numbers of sexual partners and increasing frequency of unprotected anal intercourse, conditional condom use based on real or perceived HIV status of sexual partners (HIV "serosorting") and sexual role assignments (insertive versus receptive based on HIV status (HIV "seropositioning"), selection of partners and formation of sexual networks through seeking sexual partners on the internet, the introduction of HAART and changing HAART treatment strategies. All these aspects have been shown or are suspected to increase or decrease HIV transmission risk in MSM. We conclude that increasing HIV incidence in MSM in recent years has been fuelled by a spread of HIV in high-risk sexual networks with an increasing proportion of infections transmitted during highly infective early HIV infection, acquired mostly from casual sexual partners.
Reconfiguring health systems
Authors: I. Jardine
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Self reported patterns of sexual activity in 4624 British men Age group (years) Men with self reported activity greater than once weekly (n=4624) Men with self reported activity greater than once weekly minus men with no sexual activity over 4 week study period (n=4316) No (%) 95% CI No (%) 95% CI 40-44 742 (51) 48 to 55 687 (55) 52 to 59 45-49 545 (41) 37 to 45
Abstract 3593: Wild Type Human Tissue Kallikrein, but Not its Common Polymorphic Variant R53H, Promotes Arteriogenesis in Normoperfused and Ischemic Rodent Models.
Authors: Oliver A Stone, Costanza Emanueli, Steven J Harper, Christine Giudicelli, Francois Alhenc-Gelas, Graciella Sala-Newby, David O Bates, Paolo R Madeddu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Therapeutic angiogenesis via administration of recombinant growth factors or vector-mediated overexpression has been largely unsuccessful in part due to the inadequacy of a single growth factor to induce all aspects of vascular growth. We have previously shown that human tissue kallikrein (hK1) promotes angiogenesis by kinin-mediated activation of the Akt-eNOS pathway, independently of VEGF. To further characterise the cellular mechanisms of hK1 induced neovascularisation, we delivered adenovirus encoding the wild type kallikrein gene ( Ad.KLK1 , 5x10 6 or 5x10 5 pfu) or a polymorphic variant ( Ad.R53H-KLK1 ), which is 50% less potent as a kinin generating enzyme, or control virus ( Ad.eGFP ) in the rat mesenteric assay, a non-ischemic model of angiogenesis. In separate experiments, Ad.KLK1 was injected into the mesentery of rats given the bradykinin-2-receptor (B2R) antagonist, Icatibant (Subc 300nmol/kg/day). Intravital and confocal imaging was used to examine vessel morphology and histology. Ad.KLK1 increased the functional vessel area (445±76 vs 32±4% in Ad.eGFP, p&lt;0.01), conduit vessel density (193±12 vs 63±7mm −2 , p&lt;0.001) and average vessel diameter (15±1 vs 12.6±1μm, p&lt;0.001). Ad.KLK1 -induced neovasculature showed an increased pericyte (58±5% vs 31±5, p&lt;0.05) and smooth muscle cell coverage (4±1 vs 0%, p&lt;0.001). In addition, we found that B2R co-localises with pericytes in the mesentery. Following Icatibant, Ad.KLK1 stimulated the formation of a network of small-size vessels, without pericyte or smooth muscle cell coverage and surrounded by spots of micro-hemorrhaging. Ad.R53H-KLK1 was less efficient than Ad.KLK1 in promoting angiogenesis and recruiting vascular smooth muscle cells. In a model of limb ischemia, disruption of the kallikrein gene resulted in dysfunctional reparative arteriogenesis and delayed hemodynamic recovery, which were both corrected by local Ad.KLK1 but not by Ad.R53H-KLK1. These data provide a mechanistic explanation for the robust arteriogenic effect of Ad.KLK1 , indicating a key role for the kinin B2R. We also demonstrate for the first time that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the KLK1 gene, present in 5–7% of the Caucasian population, leads to a reduced neovascularisation in-vivo . All data mean±SEM, n=6
NOTCH1 mutations associate with low CD20 level in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: evidence for a NOTCH1 mutation-driven epigenetic dysregulation
Authors: F Pozzo, T Bittolo, F Arruga, P Bulian, P Macor, E Tissino, B Gizdic, F M Rossi, R Bomben, A Zucchetto, D Benedetti, M Degan, G D'Arena, A Chiarenza, F Zaja, G Pozzato, D Rossi, G Gaidano, G Del Poeta, S Deaglio, V Gattei, M Dal Bo
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Efficacy is proved
Authors: M I Aldoori, J D Beard
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—We are surprised by the negative attitude of Mark Lambert, who suggests that more than 5000 symptomatic patients with stenosis of >70% each year should be denied the benefit of carotid surgery.1 The efficacy of carotid surgery in symptomatic patients with stenosis of >70% has been proved in both European and Northern American trials.2 3 In addition to giving an inadequate and selective review of the literature, Lambert fails to realise the possible difference in the prevalence of the disease between different communities. For example, he mentions that 40% of patients with a …
Abstract 4019: Efficacy and Safety of Double Dosage of Clopidogrel in AMI Patients with Low Response to Clopidogrel Undergoing Delayed PCI
Authors: Xianghua Fu, Jia Xinwei, Huang Jingjing, Gu Xinshun, Fan Weize, Wu Weili, Li Shiqiang, Jiang Yunfa, Liu Jinjun
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Clopidogrel resistance is associated with increased risk of recurrent athero-thrombotic events in patients with acute myocardial infarction. This study was to assess the efficacy and sa...
Presence of Proteinase 3 in Secretory Vesicles: Evidence of a Novel, Highly Mobilizable Intracellular Pool Distinct From Azurophil Granules
Authors: Véronique Witko-Sarsat, Elisabeth M. Cramer, Corinne Hieblot, Josette Guichard, Patrick Nusbaum, Sandra Lopez, Philippe Lesavre, Lise Halbwachs-Mecarelli
Journal: Blood (1999)
Thousands Fall Through HIV Treatment Gap
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 11046: Pretest Probability by Combination of Duke Clinical Score and Coronary Artery Calcium Score for CT-verified Coronary Stenosis
Authors: Kazuhisa Takamura, Takeshi Kondo, Shinichiro Fujimoto, Arai Hiroshi, Takaaki Orihara, Junichi Sugiyama, Makoto Kondo, Endo Akira, Hiroshi Fukuzawa, Hideki Nagaoka, Akitsugu Oida, Shinichi Takase
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Traditional clinical algorithms for defining pretest probability of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) suffer from selection bias of inclusion of predominantly high-risk populati...
Abstract 2473: Dipping Status Definition Does not Differentiate the Estimated Magnitude of Subclinical Inflammation in non Dipper Hypertensives
Authors: Dimitris Syrseloudis, Costas Tsioufis, Costas Thomopoulos, Vanessa Tzamou, Alexandros Kasiakogias, Ioannis Vlasseros, Ioannis Kallikazaros, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: Different dipping definitions in literature constitute a source of confusion regarding the significance of circadian blood pressure (BP) variation. We aimed to investigate the impact of three different dipping definitions on the assessed relation between inflammation and disrupted circadian blood pressure rhythm. Methods: We studied 269 consecutive untreated subjects with stage I–II essential hypertension who underwent ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring, echocardiographic examination and hs-CRP levels determination. According to their ambulatory BP data three different classifications into dippers and non-dippers were used, as presented in Table 1 . Results: Non- dippers compared to dippers in all classifications had higher log hs- CRP values by 0.11, p=0.02; 0.13, p=0.03 and 0.14 mg/l, p=0.02 and 24h Pulse Pressure (PP) by 3.4 (p=0.006), 5.07 (p=0.003) and 5.4 mmHg (p&lt;0.0001) respectively. Only in SND definition non-dippers had higher by 4.7 mmHg (p=0.003) 24h SBP. Multiple regression analysis identified body mass index (BMI), 24h Pulse Pressure (PP), nocturnal SBP fall and triglyceride levels as independent predictors of log hs-CRP in (p&lt;0.05 in all cases). Conclusions: Irrespectively of the definition, non- dippers compared to dippers are characterized by more intense inflammatory processes which along with the increased ambulatory PP classify them in a higher cardiovascular risk class. Table 1
Abstract 13156: Life-long Training Volume Alters the Hemodynamic Response during Maximal Exercise in Healthy Older Adults.
Authors: Graeme Carrick-Ranson, Jeff L Hastings, Paul S Bhella, Naoki Fujimoto, Shigeki Shibata, M D Palmer, Kara Boyd, Benjamin D Levine
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Purpose: While previous studies have shown that maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) is increased with exercise training in healthy older adults (>60 years), the effect of training volume (number of sess...
Abstract 2805: Persistent Gender Bias in the Use of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at the Acute Stage of MI from 1995 to 2005: Results from the French USIK, USIC 2000 and FAST-MI Registries
Authors: Nicolas DANCHIN, Tabassome SIMON, Helene ELTCHANINOFF, Martine GILARD, Ioana OLTEAN, Florence LECLERCQ, Geneviè ve MULAK, Jean-Pierre CAMBOU
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an essential step in the management of patients with STEMI or NSTEMI. Previous data have evidenced a gender bias in the use of PCI in people admitted for AMI. Aim: to assess whether PCI was used differently in men and women with AMI and if there have been changes in this regard over the last 10 years. Methods: USIK 1995, USIC 2000 and FAST-MI are 3 nationwide French registries conducted 5 years apart, using a similar methodology in patients admitted to CCU over a one-month period. For the present analysis, all 7528 patients admitted for AMI (STEMI and NSTEMI) &lt; 48 hours from symptom onset were included. Results: 2152 patients were included in 1995, 2317 in 2000 and 3059 in 2005. Women represented 29%, 27% and 32% of the populations, respectively in the 3 periods. Overall, women were 10 years older than men (no difference between the 3 periods); PCI was used in 53% of men and 39% of women (p&lt;0.001). Use of PCI during the initial hospital stay increased from 1995 to 2005, but the difference between men and women persisted (1995: 12% v. 20%; 2000: 45% v. 62%; 2005: 52% v. 69%)(p&lt;0.001 at all time points). In the whole population, female gender was an independent predictor of a lower use of reperfusion therapy (OR: 0.70; 95% CI: 0.62– 0.79, p&lt;0.001), together with older age, history of peripheral arterial disease, history of congestive heart failure, and earlier time period (1995 v 2000 v 2005) (logistic regression analysis). In each of the 3 periods, female gender remained associated with lower use of reperfusion, with odds ratios of similar magnitude (1995: OR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.41– 0.71; 2000: OR 0.50, 95% CI: 0.41– 0.60; 2005: OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.41– 0.56). A striking decrease in 30-day mortality was observed in women (1995: 21%, 2000: 12%, 2005: 8.5%). This decrease, however, was found predominantly in women who underwent PCI (14%, 6% and 4%, respectively), compared with women without PCI (22%, 17%, 14%, respectively). Conclusion: In spite of a much higher use of PCI over the past 10 years, a definite gender bias persists. This finding is all the more preoccupying as the reduction in early mortality over this period of time has been observed mainly in women with PCI.
Abstract 8809: Time Course of Appropriate ICD Therapy in Patients from the OMNI Registry: Implications for Duration of Driving Restriction.
Authors: Michael H Kim, Fang Yang, Scott Sakaguchi, Jeffrey J Goldberger
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Intro: AHA/HRS recommendations restrict driving in ICD patients (pts) for 6 months after implant for secondary prevention (SP) or primary prevention (PP) with an appropriate therapy (AT: antitachycardia pacing or shock) for ventricular arrhythmias (VA). Data supporting this are limited. Methods: The OMNI Registry was queried for appropriate ICD therapies for VA and assessed for the time course to first AT and appropriate shock (AS). Time to 2 nd and 3 rd AT/AS was recorded in the overall group and selected subgroups: 1) syncope (S) vs no S (NS); 2) PP vs SP. Episodes were adjudicated by a blinded events committee. Results: 2255 Pts, mean age 67 years (73 % M), mean LVEF 28 % were enrolled. Pts included both PP (74 %) and SP (26 %). S occurred in 22 % of pts prior to implant. Overall, 624/2255 pts (27.7 %) received a first AT in a mean of 13 ± 13 months post-implant. Of these, a 2 nd or 3 rd AT (AT2 or AT3, respectively) occurred in a mean of 5.4 ± 8.1 months (AT2 after AT1; 387/624; 62 %) and 3.1 ± 6.2 months (AT3 after AT2; 285/387; 74 %). 326/2255 pts (14.5 %) received a first AS (AS1) in a mean of 14.8 ± 13.7 months. 182/326 pts (56 %) had a second AS (AS2) in a mean of 4.1 ± 7.2 months; 117/182 pts (64 %) had a third AS (AS3) in a mean of 3.2 ± 7.1 months. In pts with S vs NS, both incidence and time to AT1/AS1 were similar. Rates of further AT/AS events were also similar with AS2 occurring at 4 months for both S and NS. Pts implanted for SP received both AT1 (mean 11 vs 14.3 months) and AS1 (mean 11.8 vs 16.6 months) earlier than PP pts. SP pts had higher rates of AT/AS after the first AT/AS (SP vs PP: AT2 70 % vs 58 %; AS2 72 % vs 47 %). In both PP and SP, AS2 occurred in about 4 months. Conclusions: In this real world sample of ICD pts, guideline recommended 6 month driving restrictions appear more reasonable when applied after AS1 than AT1. Measured over the first 3 VA events, each VA increases the risk of a subsequent VA, and decreases the mean time to the subsequent VA. Such pts may require stricter driving restrictions than pts after a first VA event.
Statistical analysis inappropriate
Authors: J M Bland
Journal: BMJ (1994)

antibodies, particularly their opsonising activity.Assays are available in our unit to measure the ability of patients' serum to opsonise pneumococci and enhance the ingestion of these organisms by phagocytes.These tests may supplement quanti- tative antibody tests in determining the need for reimmunisation.As pneumococcal vaccine contains capsular polysaccharide from only 23 serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae it does not provide full protection against pneumococcal septicaemia, and lifelong prophylaxis with antibiotics must be recommended.The reported incidence of pneu- mococcus that is resistant to penicillin, however, is over 40% in Spain,' which makes it crucial to recommend antibiotics resistant to penicillinase for high risk patients.Finally, Capnocytophage canimorsus must be added to the list of organisms of which people who have undergone splenectomy and have contact with animals should be aware.This organism can be transmitted by animal bites, especially dog bites, and can lead to septicaemia and death.It remains susceptible to penicillin.
Abstract 15717: Coronary Artery Disease Burden by Coronary CT Angiography Predicts Mortality and Myocardial Infarction Across Multiple Ethnicities: Results from the CONFIRM Registry
Authors: Edward Hulten, Todd C Villines, Allison L Dunning, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Daniel Berman, Matthew J Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Q Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Victor Y Cheng, Benjamin J Chow, Augustin Delago, Martin Hadamitzky, Jorg Hausleiter, Philipp A Kaufmann, Troy Labounty, Fay Y Lin, Erica Maffei, Khurram Nasir, Gil Raff, Leslee Shaw, James K Min
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Studies examining coronary CT angiography (CCTA) have demonstrated increased mortality and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) related to coronary artery disease (CAD) burden, but ar...
Efficacy and Long-Term Safety of a Dengue Vaccine in Regions of Endemic Disease
Authors: Sri Rezeki Hadinegoro, Jose Luis Arredondo-García, Maria Rosario Capeding, Carmen Deseda, Tawee Chotpitayasunondh, Reynaldo Dietze, H.I. Hj Muhammad Ismail, Humberto Reynales, Kriengsak Limkittikul, Doris Maribel Rivera-Medina, Huu Ngoc Tran, Alain Bouckenooghe, Danaya Chansinghakul, Margarita Cortés, Karen Fanouillere, Remi Forrat, Carina Frago, Sophia Gailhardou, Nicholas Jackson, Fernando Noriega, Eric Plennevaux, T. Anh Wartel, Betzana Zambrano, Melanie Saville
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

A candidate tetravalent dengue vaccine is being assessed in three clinical trials involving more than 35,000 children between the ages of 2 and 16 years in Asian-Pacific and Latin American countries. We report the results of long-term follow-up interim analyses and integrated efficacy analyses.We are assessing the incidence of hospitalization for virologically confirmed dengue as a surrogate safety end point during follow-up in years 3 to 6 of two phase 3 trials, CYD14 and CYD15, and a phase 2b trial, CYD23/57. We estimated vaccine efficacy using pooled data from the first 25 months of CYD14 and CYD15.Follow-up data were available for 10,165 of 10,275 participants (99%) in CYD14 and 19,898 of 20,869 participants (95%) in CYD15. Data were available for 3203 of the 4002 participants (80%) in the CYD23 trial included in CYD57. During year 3 in the CYD14, CYD15, and CYD57 trials combined, hospitalization for virologically confirmed dengue occurred in 65 of 22,177 participants in the vaccine group and 39 of 11,089 participants in the control group. Pooled relative risks of hospitalization for dengue were 0.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56 to 1.24) among all participants, 1.58 (95% CI, 0.83 to 3.02) among those under the age of 9 years, and 0.50 (95% CI, 0.29 to 0.86) among those 9 years of age or older. During year 3, hospitalization for severe dengue, as defined by the independent data monitoring committee criteria, occurred in 18 of 22,177 participants in the vaccine group and 6 of 11,089 participants in the control group. Pooled rates of efficacy for symptomatic dengue during the first 25 months were 60.3% (95% CI, 55.7 to 64.5) for all participants, 65.6% (95% CI, 60.7 to 69.9) for those 9 years of age or older, and 44.6% (95% CI, 31.6 to 55.0) for those younger than 9 years of age.Although the unexplained higher incidence of hospitalization for dengue in year 3 among children younger than 9 years of age needs to be carefully monitored during long-term follow-up, the risk among children 2 to 16 years of age was lower in the vaccine group than in the control group. (Funded by Sanofi Pasteur; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00842530, NCT01983553, NCT01373281, and NCT01374516.).
Abstract P4-12-01: Characterizing the clinical presentation of individuals with pathogenic variants in a breast/ovarian cancer gene panel
Authors: Erica Vaccari, Lauren Yackowski, Melanie Hussong, Patricia Murphy, Maria L Cremona, Jessica Booker, Kathleen Hruska
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background: Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) is a common indication for referral to cancer genetic counselors. Next generation sequencing panels allow for the efficient evaluation of many genes associated with increased risk of these cancers. The purpose of this study is to compare clinical histories of those with pathogenic variants in high risk versus low/moderate risk genes in order to determine which patients might benefit from more extensive testing by a panel approach. Methods: We queried the results of patients tested at GeneDx for a panel of 21 genes causing increased breast and/or ovarian cancer risk. Data regarding personal and family history of cancer provided on the test requisition forms were analyzed and classified according NCCN guidelines for testing criteria for HBOC syndrome. Results: Of 1709 individuals referred for testing, 146 (8.5%) tested positive for a pathogenic variant. Of these, 33% percent were found to carry a pathogenic BRCA1/2 variant while 67% tested positive for a pathogenic variant in a gene other than BRCA1/2 (CHEK2: 17%; ATM: 12%; PALB2: 10%; BRIP1: 7%; BARD1: 3%; PTEN: 3%; each of FANCC, MSH2, MSH6, NBN, PMS2, RAD51C, RAD51D: 2%; MLH1: 1%). Eighty-six percent of these individuals were affected with cancer. In the probands with a pathogenic BRCA1/2 variant, 66% were diagnosed with breast cancer and 22% with ovarian cancer compared to the probands with a pathogenic variant in a gene other than BRCA1/2 of whom 84% had a history of breast cancer and 17% had ovarian cancer. The highest number of breast cancer diagnoses were found, in decreasing order, in association with pathogenic variants in BRCA1 (20), CHEK2 (20), ATM (17), PALB2 (14), BRCA2 (13), and BRIP1 (12). The greatest number of ovarian cancers were identified, in decreasing order, in association with pathogenic variants in BRCA2 (8), BRCA1 (3), CHEK2 (3), and ATM (3). Furthermore, all of the individuals with pathogenic variants met NCCN guidelines for HBOC. Conclusion: A high yield of pathogenic variants were found in genes other than BRCA1/2. Data analysis also shows that individuals with a pathogenic variant in genes other than BRCA1/2 did not have a notably less severe clinical history than those pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2. As all individuals tested meet NCCN guidelines for HBOC testing, panel testing should be considered in this population. Citation Format: Erica Vaccari, Lauren Yackowski, Melanie Hussong, Patricia Murphy, Maria L Cremona, Jessica Booker, Kathleen Hruska. Characterizing the clinical presentation of individuals with pathogenic variants in a breast/ovarian cancer gene panel [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-12-01.