tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association Between Antibiotic Sales and Public Campaigns for Their Appropriate Use
Authors: Isabelle Bauraind, José-Maria Lopez-Lozano, Arielle Beyaert, Jean-Louis Marchal, Bruno Seys, Fernande Yane, Erik Hendrickx, Herman Goossens, Paul M Tulkens, Ludo Verbist
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 15951: Magnetocardiographic Analysis in Post-Infarct Patients with Ventricular Tachycardia: A Possible Mechanism Obscuring the Appearance of Late Potentials on SAECG
Authors: Yoshitaka Kimura, Hiroshi Takaki, Shuji Hashimoto, Ikutaro Nakajima, Koji Miyamoto, Yuko Yamada, Hideo Okamura, Takashi Noda, Kazuhiro Satomi, Takeshi Aiba, Wataru Shimizu, Shirou Kamakura, Masaru Sugimachi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Backgroud: Late potentials(LP) are less commonly identified on signal-averaged ECG (SAECG) in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) with ventricular tachycardia (VT) than those with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) with VT. Since depolarization generally lasts longer in the right (RV) than left ventricle (LV), local conduction delay in LV as arrhythmogenic substrates may be obscured by the concurrent physiological RV activation. To address this issue, we compared high resolution magnetocardiography (MCG) between post-MI and ARVC patients with a history of VT. Methods: 64-channel MCGs (1kHz, Hitachi) and standard SAECG were analyzed in 17 post-MI patients (LVEF 35±14%) and 14 ARVC patients who experienced VT. 2-D QRS maps were used to determine LV conduction time (LVCT, an interval from QRS onset the instance when leftward LV currents disappear) and the latest ventricular activation site. Results: LP was undetermined in 5 ARVC and in 5 MI patients due to CRBBB/IVCD on ECG (QRS≥110...
Management of emerging multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in a low-prevalence setting
Authors: G. Catho, S. Couraud, S. Grard, A. Bouaziz, A. Sénéchal, F. Valour, T. Perpoint, E. Braun, F. Biron, T. Ferry, C. Chidiac, N. Freymond, E. Perrot, P.-J. Souquet, J.-M. Maury, F. Tronc, N. Veziris, G. Lina, O. Dumitrescu, F. Ader
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Abstract 2249: Overlap Between LQT3 and Brugada Syndrome: Clinical Features in a Common Mutation and Underlying Biophysical Mechanisms
Authors: Naomasa Makita, Elijah Behr, Wataru Shimizu, Minoru Horie, Lia Crotti, Hideki Itoh, Koji Miyamoto, Horoyuki Tsutsui, Peter J Schwartz, Alfred L George, Dan M Roden
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Features of the Brugada syndrome (BrS) have been sporadically reported in type-3 long QT syndrome (LQT3). However, it is not clear whether such phenotypic overlap is determined by the biophysical properties of the mutant channel, or by other factors such as co-inherited genetic variations, gender, or ethnicity. To address this question, we report here the clinical features and biophysical properties of a single SCN5A mutation, E1784K, identified in multiple families of diverse ethnicities. Methods and Results: Among 37 LQT3 families (Asian 20, Caucasian 17) enrolled in 6 referral centers, 11 (30%) were carriers of E1784K, with a total of 33 mutation carriers (15 men, 18 women, 26±20 years; mean±SD). Two probands were the victims of sudden cardiac death. The LQT3 phenotype was highly penetrant: 30/33 (90.9%) mutation carriers had abnormally long QT intervals (carriers: QTc= 484±32 ms, n=33; non-carriers: QTc= 402±31 ms, n=21; p&lt;0.001; mean±SD). In addition, 13/33 carriers (39%) showed sinus node dysfunction, and a diagnosis of BrS was established in 7/33. Four of five carriers exhibited coved-type ST elevation after class IC drug challenge. E1784K channels heterologously expressed in tsA201 cells in the presence of β 1 subunit showed late Na current characteristic of LQT3. In addition, E1784K displayed properties seen with other mutations sporadically reported to generate a mixed clinical phenotype (1795insD, ΔKPQ, ΔK1500): a large (−15.0 mV) negative shift in the voltage-dependence of inactivation (V 1/2 : wild type= −86.8±1.1 mV, n=25; E1784K= −101.8±1.3 mV, n=17; p&lt;0.001, mean±SE), and a marked (7.5-fold) increase in flecainide affinity for rested channels (IC 50 : wild type= 150.3 μM, E1784K= 20.4 μM). These properties are not reported with T1304M, an LQT3 mutation that has not been associated with BrS. Conclusions: E1784K is a highly prevalent SCN5A mutation in different ethnicities, producing LQT3 as well as BrS and sinus node dysfunction. In vitro studies suggest that a negative shift of steady-state inactivation and enhanced channel inhibition at rest by class IC drugs identify LQT3 mutations that can generate such a mixed phenotype. Class IC drugs should be avoided in patients with LQT3 mutations displaying these behaviors.
Absence of cognitive impairment after more than 100 lifetime ECT treatments
Authors: D P Devanand, A K Verma, F Tirumalasetti, H A Sackeim
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The cognitive function scores and subjective memory complaints of eight patients who had each received more than 100 treatments with bilateral modified since wave ECT were equivalent to those of matched patients who had never received ECT. The results suggest that patients given many ECT treatments over several courses do not manifest measurable cognitive impairment at long-term follow-up.
Spread of AIDS in Africa driven by poor medical practice, says report
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The spread of AIDS in Africa is driven not by unsafe sex but by unsafe medical practice, according to research published last week.

The research, which analysed data on new infections collected up to 1988, concludes that no basis exists for the widespread belief that sexual transmission is responsible for over 90% of new cases. Instead, the authors say, use of dirty needles by public health services was the main cause of transmission in the study period, with sexual transmission accounting for just 30% of infections.

In three articles, lead authors David Gisselquist, a private consultant anthropologist from Pennsylvania, and Dr John Potterat, an infectious diseases specialist from Colorado, point out numerous anomalies in the relation between risky sexual behaviour and prevalence of HIV (International Journal of STD & AIDS 2003;14:144-7, 148-61, 162-73).

The research has been greeted frostily by other experts in the field, who say it could drive patients away from needed health care and send the message that unprotected sex is not dangerous. Dr Cate Hankins of UNAIDS said: “I'm sure they mean well, but I don't think they've thought out the public health implications of what they're saying.

“All our evidence suggests that dirty needles account for about 5% of HIV transmission in the developing world.”
Prevalence and predictors of smoking cessation rates in Ireland: A follow-up cross-sectional study
Authors: Sheila Keogan, Zubair Kabir, Laura Currie, Miriam Gunning, Paula Campbell, Luke Clancy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  We reported that intensive smoking cessation (SC) services are available in Ireland but lack uniformity or consistency countrywide [1]. Here we estimated successful quit rates at 4-weeks and again at 3-months follow-up relative to baseline after setting up a quit date, and identified significant predictors of quitting at 4-weeks follow-up relative to baseline smoking status.   Methods:  A convenience sample of 1,490 patients was recruited while attending SC service throughout Ireland. An electronic database was created. Intention-to-treat analyses were performed employing stepwise multivariable logistic regression modelling to identify significant predictors from several covariates for which complete data were available. Smoking status was self-reported. Carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring was done but was patchy.   Results:  37% had quit smoking at 4-weeks after setting up a quit date (p   Conclusions:  This pilot study demonstrated that SC services if availed of could result in quitting when followed-up both at 4-weeks and at 3-months, despite attrition. A cost-effective comprehensive tobacco dependence treatment program can accelerate further declines in smoking rates.   Reference:   1Currie  et al.  An evaluation of the range and availability of intensive smoking cessation services in Ireland.  Irish J Med Sci  2010;179:77-83.
Low tar cigarettes linked to rise in adenocarcinomas
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Indian scientists have warned that India may be witnessing the emergence of a highly lethal measles-like virus, causing encephalitis in adults and children.

Scientists investigating an outbreak of encephalitis among adults in the town of Siliguri, in West Bengal, told the health ministry this week that the disease was caused by a mutant measles virus that affects the brain, lungs, or kidneys.

“For now, we're calling this a variant of measles,” Dr Nirmal Kumar Ganguly, director general of the Indian …
Abstract 20840: Association between Biomarker, Computed Tomography and Echocardiography Results, and Five-Day Clinical Adverse Events after Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Praveen Hariharan, Christopher Kabrhel
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) are at high risk for clinical adverse events (CAEs) in the days immediately following diagnosis. Biomarkers, radiographic and echocardiogra...
Long term NSAIDs are associated with lower colorectal cancer risk, study shows
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Taking low dose aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) continuously in the long term is associated with a lower risk of colorectal cancer, a Danish case-control study has shown.1

The study, published in the Annals of Internal Medicine , analysed data on drug use, comorbid conditions, and history of colonoscopy from Danish prescription and patient registries. Researchers looked at the use of NSAIDs, including aspirin, in 10 280 people with a diagnosis of colorectal …
Ultra-Violet Radiation and Actinotherapy.
Authors: W. L. Ritchie
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Response of recurrent medulloblastoma to low-dose oral etoposide.
Authors: D M Ashley, L Meier, T Kerby, F M Zalduondo, H S Friedman, A Gajjar, L Kun, P K Duffner, S Smith, D Longee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE The outcome for patients with recurrent medulloblastoma has historically been poor, with most patients dying of disseminated disease. Here, we report on seven patients with recurrent medulloblastoma, most heavily pretreated with a variety of chemotherapeutic agents, including parenteral etoposide (VP-16), who showed responses to the administration of repeated courses of low-dose oral VP-16. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seven patients age 4 to 16 years were treated with VP-16 after neuroradiographic and clinical evidence of tumor progression. Six had received prior irradiation. All seven had been pretreated with a variety of chemotherapeutic agents and schedules, including parenteral VP-16. VP-16 was administered orally as repeated 21-day courses at 50 mg/m2/d with a 7-day interval between courses. Evaluation consisted of neuroradiographic and clinical examination after completion of every two courses of therapy. Complete blood cell counts were performed weekly. RESULTS The major toxicity of oral VP-16 was hematologic, with two patients requiring platelet transfusions due to thrombocytopenia and two requiring RBC transfusions. All seven patients developed treatment-related neutropenia. Two patients were supported with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) between courses. One patient developed infectious epididymitis after course 2 and required intravenous antibiotics; this illness was complicated by Clostridium difficile colitis. There was one episode of fever associated with neutropenia. There were no treatment-related deaths. Of seven patients assessed, six have demonstrated partial responses (PRs) and the remaining patient had stable disease (SD). CONCLUSION This report demonstrates the activity of oral VP-16 in the treatment of a small cohort of pretreated patients with recurrent medulloblastoma. This form of administration of oral VP-16 was well tolerated and produced modest toxicity.
Abstract 21200: Netrin-1 Attenuates Superoxide Production in Ischemia/Reperfusion-Injured Heart: Roles of NADPH Oxidase 4, Uncoupled eNOS, and Mitochondrion
Authors: Kin L Siu, Jun Zhang, Christopher Lotz, Peipei Ping, Hua Cai
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Netrin-1 is an axon-guiding protein. Others and we have shown that netrin-1 stimulates angiogenesis in adult endothelial cells. In addition, we have recently demonstrated that netrin-...
Abstract 4321: Effect of pretreatment, dose and route of administration of BPM31510 (Coenyzme Q10 containing proprietary formulation) alone or in combination with gemcitabine improves survival in pancreatic cancer
Authors: Niven Narain, Lucia Mauro, Assuan Lens, Viatcheslav Akmaev, Rangaprasad Sarangarajan, Joaquin Jimenez
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract In-vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of BPM31510, a Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) containing proprietary formulation to effectuate a metabolic switch from glycolysis to mitochondrial OXPHOS resulting in the activation of apoptotic pathways specifically in cancer cells. The effectiveness of BPM31510 in combination with standard of care chemotherapy agents in in-vitro and in-vivo models has been previously established. The current study was to determine the effect of dose, route of administration and combination with gemcitabine on survival in an animal model of pancreatic cancer. BPM31510 administered in three divided doses (50mg/kg vs 75mg/kg body weight daily, intravenous) was associated with dose dependent increase in survival and was significantly better when combined with gemcitabine. Continuous infusion of BPM31510 significantly improved survival rates compared to three divided doses (50mg/kg or 75mg/kg body weight) of BPM31510, with best outcomes at 200mg/kg body weight dose. Sixty day pretreatment with BPM31510 alone followed by combination with gemcitabine was also associated with improved survival outcomes with either gemcitabine or BPM31510 alone. The data suggests that dose and route of administration of BPM31510 alone or in combination with standard of care chemotherapy agents influences and improves survival in animal model of pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Niven Narain, Lucia Mauro, Assuan Lens, Viatcheslav Akmaev, Rangaprasad Sarangarajan, Joaquin Jimenez. Effect of pretreatment, dose and route of administration of BPM31510 (Coenyzme Q10 containing proprietary formulation) alone or in combination with gemcitabine improves survival in pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4321. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4321
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1–Infected Macrophages Induce Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Nitric Oxide (NO) Production in Astrocytes: Astrocytic NO as a Possible Mediator of Neural Damage in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Kotaro Hori, Parris R. Burd, Keizo Furuke, Joseph Kutza, Karis A. Weih, Kathleen A. Clouse
Journal: Blood (1999)
Cortical magnetic resonance imaging changes in elderly inpatients with major depression
Authors: P V Rabins, G D Pearlson, E Aylward, A J Kumar, K Dowell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

The purpose of the study was to determine if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of elderly depressed patients differ from MRI scans of age-matched control subjects and age-matched patients with Alzheimer's disease.The authors studied 21 patients 60 years or older with major depression, 16 patients with Alzheimer's disease, and 14 age-matched control subjects.Compared to control subjects, depressed patients had greater cerebral sulcal and temporal sulcal atrophy; larger sylvian fissures, lateral ventricles, third ventricles, and temporal horns; and greater severity of subcortical white matter lesions. Depressed patients also had more basal ganglia lesions but similar levels of periventricular hyperintensity. There were no differences between depressed patients with and without delusions on any MRI measure. Depressed patients who received ECT had more temporal horn atrophy and greater subcortical abnormality summary scores than normal subjects. Cortical sulcal atrophy correlated with age at onset of depression.The findings suggest that elderly hospitalized depressed patients have greater cortical as well as subcortical atrophy and more basal ganglia lesions than age-matched normal control subjects. The correlation of these abnormalities with outcome remains unknown.
The empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: Results of a randomized, controlled clinical trial
Authors: Salvatore Piano, Silvano Fasolato, Freddy Salinas, Antonietta Romano, Marta Tonon, Filippo Morando, Marta Cavallin, Elisabetta Gola, Antonietta Sticca, Arianna Loregian, Giorgio Palù, Giacomo Zanus, Marco Senzolo, Patrizia Burra, Umberto Cillo, Paolo Angeli
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a common, life‐threatening complication of liver cirrhosis. Third‐generation cephalosporins have been considered the first‐line treatment of SBP. In 2014, a panel of experts suggested a broader spectrum antibiotic regimen for nosocomial SBP, according to the high rate of bacteria resistant to third‐generation cephalosporins found in these patients. However, a broader‐spectrum antibiotic regimen has never been compared to third‐generation cephalosporins in the treatment of nosocomial SBP. The aim of our study was to compare meropenem plus daptomycin versus ceftazidime in the treatment of nosocomial SBP. Patients with cirrhosis and nosocomial SBP were randomized to receive meropenem (1 g/8 hours) plus daptomycin (6 mg/kg/day) or ceftazidime (2 g/8 hours). A paracentesis was performed after 48 hours of treatment. A reduction in ascitic fluid neutrophil count &lt;25% of pretreatment value was considered a treatment failure. The primary outcome was the efficacy of treatment defined by the resolution of SBP after 7 days of treatment. Thirty‐two patients were randomized and 31 were analyzed. The combination of meropenem plus daptomycin was significantly more effective than ceftazidime in the treatment of nosocomial SBP (86.7 vs. 25%; P &lt; 0.001). Ninety‐day transplant‐free survival (TFS) was not significantly different between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, ineffective response to first‐line treatment (hazard ratio [HR]: 20.6; P = 0.01), development of acute kidney injury during hospitalization (HR: 23.2; P = 0.01), and baseline mean arterial pressure (HR: 0.92; P = 0.01) were found to be independent predictors of 90‐day TFS. Conclusion : The combination of meropenem plus daptomycin is more effective than ceftazidime as empirical antibiotic treatment of nosocomial SBP. Efficacy of the empirical antibiotic treatment is a strong predictor of 90‐day survival in patients with nosocomial SBP. (H epatology 2016;63:1299–1309)
Abstract 15478: Association of Family History with CVD Mortality Across 0 to 10, 10 to 20, and > 20 Years Among Men in the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study
Authors: Justin M Bachmann, Colby R Ayers, Benjamin L Willis, Amit Khera, Jarett D Berry
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Family history of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an independent risk factor for CVD, but its effect on long-term risk is not well understood. We sought to determine the assoc...