tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN ARTHRITIC AND GOUTY CONDITIONS.Read in the Section on Dental and Oral Surgery, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.
Authors: L. L. DUNBAR
Journal: JAMA (1895)

When I promised to write upon the above subject I did not know that so much investigation of the gouty diathesis was in progress, or I should have hesitated to add my views to those already published, and although the promise was made prior to the publication of Dr. Pierce's paper, what I have to say has been written upon so much since then by able investigators that my statements can only be viewed in the light of added testimony, instead of original matter. From the mass of evidence presented, I am of the opinion that we have erred as a profession in confounding a series of alveolar manifestations under one head. Ever since Dr. Riggs, of Hartford, Conn., called professional attention to that condition of the dental alveoli known as "pyorrhea alveolaris," and variously by other names as "phagedenic pericementitis," etc., the conditions of the oral cavity have been
FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE IS UNLIKELY TO BE ABNORMAL IN THE PRESENCE OF HIGH MICROVASCULAR RESISTANCE
Authors: Martijn A. Van Lavieren, Tim van de Hoef, Peter Damman, Steven Chamuleau, Michiel Voskuil, José Henriques, Karel T. Koch, Jos Spaan, Robbert de Winter, Maria Siebes, Jan Tijssen, Martijn Meuwissen, Jan Piek
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Sheep red blood cell-specific helper activity in rat thoracic duct lymphocyte populations positively selected for reactivity to specific strong histocompatibility alloantigens.
Authors: E Heber-Katz, D B Wilson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

These studies show that positively selected T-cell populations, having enriched reactivity in the mixed lymphocyte interaction and the graft-versus-host reaction to strong alloantigens of a chosen major histocompatibility complex haplotype, also possess helper activity which is quantitatively normal in the generation of primary antibody responses to sheep red blood cells in vitro. Such positively selected populations give a linear dose plaque-forming cells response curve indistinguishable from that seen with normal unselected T-cell populations. These findings imply that T cells reactive to histocompatibility antigens also react to conventional antigens, and the possibility is raised that they may do so by some recognition mechanism involving multiple specificities.
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (Dowling-Meara). A clinicopathological review
Authors: J.A. McGRATH, A. ISHIDA-YAMAMOTO, M.J. TIDMAN, A.H.M. HEAGERTY, O.M.V. SCHOFIELD, R.A.J. EADY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Epidermolysis bullosa simplex (Dowling‐Meara). A clinicopathological review Get access J.A. McGRATH, J.A. McGRATH St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, London SFA 7EU. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. ISHIDA‐YAMAMOTO, A. ISHIDA‐YAMAMOTO St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, London SFA 7EU. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.J. TIDMAN, M.J. TIDMAN Department of Dermatology, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.H.M. HEAGERTY, A.H.M. HEAGERTY Department of dermatology, North Staffordshire Royal Infirmary, Stoke‐on‐Trent, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O.M.V. SCHOFIELD, O.M.V. SCHOFIELD St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, London SFA 7EU. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A.J. EADY R.A.J. EADY St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, London SFA 7EU. U.K. Professor R.A.J. Eady, Department of Cell Pathology, St. John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas's Hospital, London SE1 7EH. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 5, 1 May 1992, Pages 421–430, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb11813.x Published: 01 May 1992
Overexpression of Annexin A2 Is Associated with Abnormal Ubiquitination in Breast Cancer
Authors: Shishan Deng, Baoqian Jing, Tianyong Xing, Lingmi Hou, Zhengwei Yang
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2012)

Abstract Abnormal expression of annexin A2 contributes to metastasis and infiltration of cancer cells. To elucidate the cause of abnormal expression of annexin A2, Western blotting, immunoproteomics and immunohistochemical staining were performed to analyze differentially ubiquitinated proteins between fresh breast cancer tissue and its adjacent normal breast tissue from five female volunteers. We detected an ubiquitinated protein that was up-regulated in the cancer tissue, which was further identified as annexin A2 by mass spectrometry. These results suggest that abnormal ubiquitination and/or degradation of annexin A2 may lead to presence of annexin A2 at high level, which may further promote metastasis and infiltration of the breast cancer cells.
Pressure mounts for companies to hand over data on antidiabetes drugs linked to pancreatic harm
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Pressure on manufacturers to release the data they hold on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based antidiabetes drugs is mounting after a joint BMJ and Channel 4 Dispatches investigation of unpublished data on the potential pancreatic harms in animal and human studies.1

The American Diabetes Association has asked all companies involved in the development or marketing of such drugs to make patient level data available for an independent review that could help settle the question of whether the drugs contribute to the development of pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer.

The association’s chief scientific and medical officer, Robert Ratner, said, “People who are taking these medications or who may consider taking them should have the benefit of all that is currently known about their risks and advantages in order to make the best possible decisions about their treatment and care in consultation with their healthcare providers.”

In the United Kingdom the charity Pancreatic Cancer UK issued a statement saying, “It is important to investigate any treatment where there are concerns about an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.” The charity added, “This case certainly highlights the need to make the full trial data publicly available.”

The charity also urged European regulators to prioritise their current investigation of the drugs, to determine the need …
Assessment of Ovarian Teratoma and Lymphadenopathy by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hans Balink, Mirjam J. A. Apperloo, James Collins
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Two women presented with abdominal complaints; after clinical investigation and ultrasonography, both were suspected of having (ovarian) teratoma. The CT scan showed enlarged para-aortic lymph nodes, which increased the suspicion of a malignant process. Total-body 18F-FDG PET/CT studies helped to differentiate benign from malignant ovarian teratoma, as well as abdominal lymphadenopathy, subsequently confirmed by histopathology. When there is suspicion of a malignant teratoma, 18F-FDG PET/CT may help in accurate diagnosis and staging; as for malignant disease (either malignant transformation of mature cystic teratoma or malignant immature teratoma), a more aggressive, multimodality approach may be indicated.
Ways of measuring rates of recurrent events
Authors: R. J Glynn, J. E Buring
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Recurrent events are common in medical research, yet the best ways to measure their occurrence remain controversial. Moreover, the correct statistical techniques to compare the occurrence of such events across populations or treatment groups are not widely known. In both observational studies and randomised clinical trials one natural and intuitive measure of occurrence is the event rate, defined as the number of events (possibly including multiple events per person) divided by the total person-years of experience. This is often a more relevant and clinically interpretable measure of disease burden in a population than considering only the first event that occurs. Appropriate statistical tests to compare such event rates among treatment groups or populations require the recognition that some individuals may be especially likely to experience recurrent events. Straightforward approaches are available to account for this tendency in crude and stratified analyses. Recently developed regression models can appropriately examine the association of several variables with rates of recurrent events.
Congenital Mitral Insufficiency with Cleft Posterior Leaflet
Authors: OSCAR CREECH, MARION K. LEDBETTER, KEITH REEMTSMA
Journal: Circulation (1962)

A case of congenital mitral insufficiency in a 2-year-old infant is reported. No other intracardiac defect was found, although pressure studies suggested an area of supravalvular aortic stenosis. Diagnostic studies included combined right and left heart catheterization. Dye-dilution curves confirmed the presence of mitral insufficiency. The anatomic defect, a cleft posterior leaflet of the mitral valve, was repaired by direct suture of the valve leaflet. During 18 months of postoperative observation, the child has shown symptomatic improvement and decrease in the size of the left ventricle, although a systolic mitral murmur and left atrial enlargement persist. Residual insufficiency is probably due to short chordae that restrict mobility of the posterior leaflet.
Nuclear Scintigraphy in the Evaluation of Renal Colic
Authors: RICHARD K.J. BROWN, DUKE K. BAHN, BRADFORD L. WALTERS, JOHN J. KARAZIM, ALAN A. REIDINGER, KER-YEN SHE, ALAN W. MORGAN, DOUGLAS B. HURD, HARIBABU GONTINA, GEORGE A. KLING
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Forty patients with acute onset renal colic were studied using technetium-99m DTPA renal scintigraphy. Thirty-two were found to have varying degrees of obstruction. In the obstructed group the level was determined by the scan alone in 24 of 32 cases (75%). When the analysis included an abdominal radiograph, the level of obstruction was ascertained in 29 of 32 cases (91%). A delayed nephrogram, as evidenced by an "empty renal pelvis sign" at 5 minutes, was observed in all but one of the cases of obstruction (97%). Delayed clearance of activity from the pyelocalyceal system or ureter was also seen in 97%. In all cases of obstruction either one or both of these signs were observed. However, delayed clearance was found to be a nonspecific finding and was noted in 25% of nonobstructed cases. The finding of the "empty renal pelvis sign" at 5 minutes was found to be specific and was not seen in the nonobstructed group. The authors conclude that radionuclide renal scanning is an effective method for evaluating selected patients with suspected renal colic.
Adrenomedullary Dysplasia and Hypofunction in Patients with Classic 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency
Authors: Deborah P. Merke, George P. Chrousos, Graeme Eisenhofer, Martina Weise, Margaret F. Keil, Alan D. Rogol, Judson J. Van Wyk, Stefan R. Bornstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Glucocorticoids are essential for the normal development and functioning of the adrenal medulla. Whether adrenomedullary structure and function are normal in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia is not known.
IL-22 mediates mucosal host defense against Gram-negative bacterial pneumonia
Authors: Shean J Aujla, Yvonne R Chan, Mingquan Zheng, Mingjian Fei, David J Askew, Derek A Pociask, Todd A Reinhart, Florencia McAllister, Jennifer Edeal, Kristi Gaus, Shahid Husain, James L Kreindler, Patricia J Dubin, Joseph M Pilewski, Mike M Myerburg, Carol A Mason, Yoichiro Iwakura, Jay K Kolls
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
THE BLOOD CALCIUM IN DIABETIC RETINITIS
Authors: R. D. Lawrence, K. Madders, H. R. Millar
Journal: BMJ (1930)

DIABETIC RETINITIS.[Tn BRit 559 1040 F. anid a rapid pulse.Sle was removed to lhospital, anid recovered after proloniged conivalescence.The oily vpatienit iloW in the lhollme was sent to her own homi-le, andil the l)lace was closed to futrtlher admiissionis for a week and thoroughly disinfected a(lle airedl.Thie tlllats of the milatron alnd a!ssistaniit n-ur se w-ere examiined, but no evident signs of inflatinimmationi were present.A swalb from the throat of the assistant niurse w-as taken, anlil the bacteriological report stated: " Streptococci pr-esci'it on-
Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy results in post‐infusional hyperproteinemia, increased serum viscosity, and pseudohyponatremia
Authors: Beth A. Steinberger, Stephen M. Ford, Teresa A. Coleman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy is associated with rare reports of thromboembolic events and severe hyponatremia. We hypothesized that IVIG therapy may result in hyperproteinemia, increased serum viscosity, and pseudohyponatremia. We conducted a prospective observational study to evaluate the incidence of hyperproteinemia occurring after IVIG therapy and its relationship to serum sodium, viscosity, osmolality, and the serum osmolar gap. Eighteen IVIG infusions at a standard dose of 2 g/kg administered over 2-5 days were evaluated. Serum glucose, sodium, protein, viscosity, osmolality, and a calculated osmolar gap were obtained prior to therapy, 6 hr after the initiation of therapy, 24 hr after the conclusion of therapy, and on post-treatment day 10. Paired t-testing revealed a statistically significant increase in serum protein and viscosity and decrease in serum sodium and calculated osmolality 24 hr after the completion of IVIG therapy. The calculated serum osmolar gap increased insignificantly. In multivariate analysis, hyperproteinemia at the 6-hr time point predicted hyponatremia (P < 0.000), and hyperproteinemia at the 24-hr time point predicted both hyponatremia and increased serum viscosity (P = 0.024). These data demonstrate that increased serum viscosity occurs following IVIG therapy due to hyperproteinemia, and the rare hyponatremia reported is a pseudohyponatremia also due to hyperproteinemia.
Osteopetrosis Type II
Authors: Fernando Ruiz-Palomo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

An asymptomatic 19-year-old man underwent a routine outpatient evaluation. He was born after a normal pregnancy and delivery. Both parents and two siblings (27 and 25 years of age) were in good health. His physical and mental development had been normal. He did not have visual or hearing disturbances. He had no history of fractures. The serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase, and creatinine levels were all within the normal range. Bone radiology demonstrated osteosclerosis primarily involving the axial and appendicular skeleton. A plain radiograph of the spine showed end-plate thickening and sclerosis producing the classic “sandwich vertebra” appearance. These findings . . .
UVA-Induced Cell Cycle Progression Is Mediated by a Disintegrin and Metalloprotease/Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/AKT/Cyclin D1 Pathways in Keratinocytes
Authors: Yu-Ying He, Sarah E. Council, Li Feng, Colin F. Chignell
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

UVA (315-400 nm), which constitutes approximately 95% of the UV irradiation in natural sunlight, represents a major environmental challenge to the skin and is clearly associated with human skin cancer. Here, we show that a low, nonlethal dose of UVA induces dose-dependent cell cycle progression in human HaCaT keratinocytes. We found that UVA induced cyclin D1 accumulation, whereas siRNA knockdown of cyclin D1 blocked the UVA-induced cell cycle progression, indicating that this process is mediated by cyclin D1. UVA irradiation also induced AKT activation; when cells were incubated with phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase/AKT inhibitor or infected with dominant-negative AKT, cyclin D1 up-regulation, cell cycle progression, and proliferation were inhibited, suggesting that AKT activation is required for UVA-induced cell cycle progression. In contrast, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) was not activated by UVA exposure; incubation with ERK/mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor had no effect on UVA-induced cyclin D1 up-regulation and cell cycle progression. Activation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was observed after UVA exposure. EGFR kinase inhibitor AG attenuated the UVA-induced AKT/cyclin D1 pathway and cell cycle progression, indicating that EGFR is upstream of AKT/cyclin D1 pathway activation. Furthermore, metalloprotease inhibitor GM6001 blocked UVA-induced cell cycle progression, and siRNA knockdown of a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM)17 had a similar inhibitory effect, demonstrating that ADAM17 mediates the EGFR/AKT/cyclin D1 pathway and cell cycle progression to the S phase induced by UVA radiation. Identification of these signaling pathways in UVA-induced cell proliferation will facilitate the development of efficient and safe chemopreventive and therapeutic strategies for skin cancer.
Mild ventricular dysfunction following cold potassium cardioplegia.
Authors: R J Ellis, E W Gertz, J Wisneski, P A Ebert
Journal: Circulation (1979)

The long-term effects of cold potassium cardioplegic arrest was examined in 40 patients who underwent myocardial revascularization. Comparisons between resting ejection fraction (EF), end diastolic volume (EDV), and segmental wall motion were made between the preoperative and postoperative catheterization (mean postoperative recatheterization, 6 months). A 2.93 graft per patient ratio was found in this group of patients, with 108/117 grafts visualized at the time of recatheterization. The EF was 60% +/- 3% before surgery and 62% +/- 3% after surgery. A correlation coefficient of 0.91 was determined for the entire series. The EDV was 151 +/- 16 cc before coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) and was unchanged post CABG at an end diastolic volume of 137 +/- 15 cc. Analysis of preoperative wall motion of 33 patients demonstrated 111 depressed segments, 68 normal, and 52 hypercontractile; at recathetrization, there were 100 depressed, 66 normal, and 65 hypercontractile segments. Although there was essentially no deterioration of myocardial function for 37 out of 40 patients, three demonstrated a reduction in EF, the largest reduction being 15%. These three patients had a cardioplegic arrest time greater than 70 minutes. An inverse relationship between percent change in EF and the length of cardioplegic arrest was observed, with an r value o - 0.57 (p less than 0.01). These data suggest that prolonged cardioplegic arrest times may be associated with mild dysfunction. Cold potassium cardioplegic arrest up to 70 minutes was associated with no change in EF, EDV, or wall motion in this series of patients.
IL-33: a Janus cytokine: Table 1
Authors: F Y Liew
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

Interleukin (IL) 33, a member of the IL-1 family, is the ligand of ST2 that is expressed mainly on activated Th2 cells and mast cells. IL-33 can skew a predominantly Th1 cell population to a mainly Th2 cells phenotype in vivo. IL-33 messenger RNA is expressed early during infection of the intestinal-dwelling nematode <i>Trichuris muris</i> in mice. IL-33 treatment enhances resistance to <i>Trichuris</i> infection. IL-33 also effectively attenuates sepsis by mobilising the innate cells, neutrophils, to the site of infection, helping to clear the pathogens. Thus, IL-33 may be evolutionally preserved for the host defence against infections. IL-33 can reduce an ongoing atherosclerosis in ApoE<sup>−/−</sup> mice and attenuate adipocytes mainly by inducing the production of type II cytokines. In contrast, IL-33 can also exacerbate allergy and the inflammation in collagen-induced or serum-induced arthritis. Hence, IL-33 is a double-edged sword, and targeting IL-33 should be approached with caution.
COMMINUTED FRACTURE OF THE HUMERUS PRODUCED BY MUSCULAR ACTION
Authors: N. H. Mummery, P. L. Giuseppi
Journal: BMJ (1916)

MIXDzCAJ7V 795 have spinal anaesthesia "because their pals had had it," in preference to a general anaesthetic. Disadvantages.These are mostly attributable to lack of experience, the more practised one becomes in the technique the less do the disadvantages become.The main one, however, is tlhe limitation of the sphere of the operation to parts of the body below tlle nipple line.
Determination of IgG subclass antibodies against wheat flour antigens by an ELISA technique
Authors: U. TIIKKAINEN, M. KLOCKARS
Journal: Allergy (1989)

We describe the assay conditions for an enzyme‐linked immunoassay for the determination of IgG and IgG subclass antibodies in serum to water‐soluble wheat flour antigens. The optimal antigen coating concentration was 5 μg/ml for total IgG, IgG 1 , IgG 4 and 100 μg/ml for IgG 2 . Serial dilutions of test sera were used and commercially available monoclonal mouse anti‐human IgG isotype antibodies (as ascites fluid) were diluted 1:500–1:1000. Specific wheat flour antibodies belonging to the IgG 1 , IgG 2 and IgG 4 subclasses were detected. Despite the lack of standardized isotype‐specific second mouse monoclonal antibodies, the subclass antibody levels between flour‐exposed bakers and controls could be compared. We observed significantly higher IgG 1 , IgG 2 and IgG 4 subclass antibodies among 23 bakers than among 12 non‐exposed controls, but no IgG 3 antibodies were detected. The differences in biological activities of the IgG subclass antibodies may explain the clinical and pathophysiological features for flour‐induced occupational allergic diseases among bakers.
Circulating Reprints Without Authority.
Authors: E. Fletcher Ingals
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Chicago, Jan. 5, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —About a year ago I began a series of observations on the therapeutic effects of a new remedy that from analogy I believed would be a valuable sedative, especially for the relief of cough. I presented the unbiased results of these observations to the Illinois State Medical Society last May and the paper was published in the<i>Illinois State Medical Journal</i>with no title following my name except M.D. Reprints were made of the article and mailed to many physicians in the state. Subsequently a reprint of this article was republished by the manufacturers of the product without my knowledge or consent, and several titles were placed after my name on the cover page. I knew nothing of this until recently when I received a copy of the reprint with a protest from some physician whose name was not given to me. The
The Acute Surgical Abdomen in the Neonate
Authors: Thomas M. Holder, Lucian L. Leape
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

URGENT surgical conditions of the abdomen are uncommon in the neonatal period, but potentially fatal. This discussion concerns abdominal conditions occurring in the first month of life that threaten life and require emergency operation. Optimal preparation for operation may require a few hours. Although there is a need for deliberate speed, there are other factors more important than haste.Neonatal Intestinal ObstructionThe majority of patients requiring emergency abdominal operation in the neonatal period are those with the various forms of intestinal obstructions. These are atresia or stenosis, meconium ileus, malrotation, Hirschsprung's disease or imperforate anus.Vomiting is the symptom . . .