tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Splinting vs Surgery for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Authors: Margit L. Bleecker, Ernest W. Johnson, Daniel L. Menkes, Benjamin M. Sucher, Andrea Klauser, Michael Schirmer, Annette A.M. Gerritsen, Henrica C.W. De Vet, Rob J.P.M. Scholten, Frits W. Bertelsmann, Marc C.T.F.M. De Krom, Lex M. Bouter, Michael I. Weintraub, E. F.Shaw Wilgis
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Two more medical schools to open by 2003
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Two new medical schools are planned for England as part of a programme to boost student numbers by more than 1000 from October 2003 and to draw on applicants from a broader social background.

The new medical schools—one based jointly at the universities of Brighton and Sussex and the other jointly at the universities of Hull and York, aim to attract more students from middle and lower income families, according to the Department of …
Down Syndrome Protein Deters Cancer
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Transplantation of Autologous Endothelial Progenitor Cells May Be Beneficial in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Xing-Xiang Wang, Fu-Rong Zhang, Yun-Peng Shang, Jun-Hui Zhu, Xu-Dong Xie, Qian-Min Tao, Jian-Hua Zhu, Jun-Zhu Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Abstract 17733: PPARdelta Activation Protects Endothelial Function In Diabetic Mice via PI3K/Akt/eNOS Signaling Pathway
Authors: Wing Tak Wong, Xiao Yu Tian, Yu Huang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Recent evidence highlights therapeutic potentials of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-delta (PPARdelta) agonists to increase insulin sensitivity in diabetes. The significance of PPARdelta in the regulation of vascular function remains unclear. Hypothesis: The present study investigates whether PPARdelta activation improves endothelial function in type 2 diabetes. Methods: Vascular reactivity of mouse aortae was studied in myograph. Protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Nitric oxide (NO) production was measured by DAF-FM fluorescence using confocal microscopy. Results: PPARdelta agonists GW0742 and GW1516 improved endothelium-dependent relaxations in diabetic mouse aortae. PPARdelta agonists prevented high glucose-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxations in aortae of wild type mice, but not in PPARdelta knockout mice. PPARdelta antagonist, PI3K inhibitors, or Akt inhibitor reversed the effect of PPARdelta activation on endothelial function. Western blotting showed an increased phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt upon PPARdelta activation under hyperglycaemia in primary endothelial cells (ECs) from mouse aortae. PPARdelta activation enhanced the NO production in ECs under hyperglycemia. Transient transfection with dominant-negative Akt inhibited the effect of GW1516 in ECs on NO production and eNOS and Akt phosphorylation. Chronic treatment with GW1516 (5 mg/kg/day for one week) improved endothelium-dependent relaxation in db/db mice, and diet-induced obese PPARdelta wild type mice, but not in PPARdelta knockout mice. Conclusions: The present study demonstrates an endothelial protective effect of PPARdelta activation in diabetes through PI3K/Akt signaling which increases eNOS activity, suggesting the potential of PPARdelta agonists in the treatment of diabetic vasculopathy.
Abstract 12486: Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Complex Plaque Characteristics Predict the Subsequent Progression of Non-culprit Lesion in Patients with Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Shiro Uemura, Ken-Ichi Ishigami, Tsuneari Soeda, Ji Hee Sung, Hitoshi Nakagawa, Takeshi Tsutsumi, Satoshi Okayama, Hiroyuki Kawata, Manabu Horii, Yoshihiko Saito
Journal: Circulation (2010)
828. Evaluation of Non-Viral Vectors for Gene Therapy of Hemophilia A
Authors: Katherine Bowman, Rita Sarkar, Xuli Wang, Hai-Quan Mao, Kam W. Leong
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Hemophilia A results from a defect in blood coagulation factor VIII. The protein is normally produced in the liver and secreted into the plasma where it associates with von Willebrand factor, which protects it from proteolytic degradation and prolongs its plasma half-life. Normal FVIII plasma concentration is approximately 100-200 ng/ml, but a modest elevation of 1-2% can improve the clinical manifestations in severely affected individuals (FVIII levels < 1%). Since FVIII protein does not require regulated expression and is effective at low plasma levels, hemophilia A is an attractive disease model for evaluating non-viral gene delivery systems. In an effort to optimize in vivo FVIII gene transfer, we tested four non-viral polymer formulations in a mouse model of hemophilia A: chitosan, chitosan-galactose, polyphosphoramidate dipropylamine (PPA-DPA), and PPA-DPA-galactose. These biodegradable cationic polymers complex DNA into nanoparticles and partially protect it from degradation. In addition, hepatocyte targeting via the asialoglycoprotein receptor was attempted using the attached galactose moieties. In initial in vitro testing, PPA-DPA formulations resulted in higher levels of FVIII protein production than chitosan formulations in Cos-7 and HepG2 cells. When administered intraportally to hemophilia A mice, a single dose of 15 μg DNA-nanoparticles resulted in gene transfer with tissue biodistribution primarily to liver, spleen and lung at day 4, although copy numbers determined by real-time PCR were less than 1 copy/10 cells. At one-month post vector administration, mice injected with FVIII nanoparticles demonstrated higher survival rates in a tail clip challenge than mice injected with naked DNA. While 9/11 mice (82%) and 5/9 mice (56%) showed phenotypic correction in the PPA-DPA-galactose and chitosan-galactose groups, respectively, only 2/7 (29%) survived the challenge in the naked DNA group. None survived (0/4 mice) in the saline injected group that served as negative controls. These data suggest that modest but functional FVIII gene transfer can be achieved with non-viral chitosan and PPA-DPA gene delivery systems, although further optimization is required to achieve higher levels of FVIII activity.
Genetics of the Susceptibility of Mice to a Transplantable Melanoma
Authors: Juliet M. Spangler, J. M. Murray, C. C. Little, Roscoe B. Jackson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1942)

Journal Article Genetics of the Susceptibility of Mice to a Transplantable Melanoma Get access Juliet M. Spangler, Juliet M. Spangler Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. Murray, J. M. Murray professor of zoology Department of Zoology, University of Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. C. Little, C. C. Little director Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roscoe B. Jackson Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 3, Issue 1, August 1942, Pages 123–130, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/3.1.123 Published: 01 August 1942
Testing the Penrose Hypothesis—Reply
Authors: Adrian P. Mundt, Winnie S. Chow, Stefan Priebe
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Abstract 18489: Increasing Complexity and Distribution of Drivers with Prolonged Duration Human Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Implications for Therapeutic Intervention
Authors: Han S Lim, Meleze Hocini, Stephan Zellerhoff, Seigo Yamashita, Nicolas Derval, Saagar Mahida, Berte Benjamin, Arnaud Denis, Yuki Komatsu, Matthew Daly, Laurence Jesel, Carole Pomier, Valentin Meillet, Sana Amraoui, Ashok Shah, Frederic Sacher, Pierre Jais, Remi Dubois, Michel Haissaguerre
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  There is accumulating evidence on localized reentrant (rotors) and focal drivers in persistent atrial fibrillation (PsAF).   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that the complexity and distribution of AF drivers identified by noninvasive phase mapping would increase with prolonged durations of PsAF.   Methods:  One-hundred-and-five consecutive patients referred for denovo ablation of PsAF were prospectively studied. The left (LA) and right atria (RA) were divided into 7-regions. Driver regions were identified with noninvasive body-surface-mapping. Cardiac potentials were reconstructed on biatrial geometry acquired from noncontrast thoracic computed tomography scan. Patients were divided into PsAF presenting in sinus rhythm, PsAF  12 months duration.   Results:  The AF complexity increased with AF duration, with increased number of rotor rotations (p=0.027), number of rotor rotations and foci (p=0.020), number of regions harboring rotors (p   Conclusions:  The complexity of AF drivers increases with prolonged AF duration. Rotors and focal drivers are predominantly located in the PV antral regions and adjacent inferoposterior LA wall in patients with PsAF without prior LA ablation. However, with longer AF duration, multiple drivers are located at extra-PV sites. A sharp decline in AF termination rate is noted in patients with longstanding persistent AF, underscoring the need for early intervention.
RAGE targeted strategies for Alzheimer’s amyloid β peptide induced blood brain barrier dysfunctions
Authors: Sholpan Askarova, Andrey Tsoy, James C-M Lee
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2013)

Background Blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunctions have been implicated in the development and progression of Alzheimer’s disease. Cerebral endothelial cells (CECs) and astrocytes are the main cell components of the BBB. Although amyloid-b oligomers have been reported to mediate oxidative damage to the CECs and astrocytes and trigger the downstream MAPK/ERK pathway, the cell surface binding site for Ab and exact sequence of these events have yet to be elucidated. In this study, the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) was postulated to function as a signal transducing cell surface receptor for Ab to induce ROS generation from NADPH oxidase and trigger downstream pathways for the phosphorylation of extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) and cytosolic phosphorilase A2 (cPLA2).
How to be a health secretary
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2001)

So the general election is over and you are the new secretary of state for health. Welcome to the best job in the cabinet. You will be advised by some of Britain's brightest young sociology graduates, who will help you draw up your plan for revolutionising health care.

Other cabinet posts carry responsibilities. Defence secretaries, for example, have been known to resign over mistakes. With health, however, like transport and prisons, public expectations are …
Abstract 14027: Long-Term Treatment With Sitagliptin Provides Multiple Antiatherosclerotic Effects Independent of Diabetic Improvement for Type-2 Diabetics With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Tatsuaki Murakami, Ikuo Moriuchi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Diabetes mellitus (DM) is thought to be highly involved in complex atherothrombogenic processes, but the long-term antiatherosclerotic therapies in patients with type-2 DM have not been established.   Hypothesis:  Therefore we assessed hypothesis long-term treatment with sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor recently developed antidiabetic agent, chronically inhibits atherosclerotic progression in patients with type-2 DM.   Methods:  Thirty-two type-2 diabetic patients with stable coronary artery disease were randomized to group-S where they received sitagliptin (50mg/day), or to group-C where they received enhanced antidiabetic therapy without a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor for 2 years. We quantified flow-mediated endothelium-dependent dilation of right brachial artery after 5 minutes forearm occlusion (FMD), and intima-media thickness of common carotid artery (IMT) using high-resolution ultrasonography. We also quantified brachial-to-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV). Changes in FMD, IMT, PWV, and practical metabolic variables were compared between the two study groups.   Results:  The patients in group-S (n=16) manifested good compliance to the long-term treatment and improvements in diabetic and lipid variables represented by HbA1c and LDL after long-term medication of sitagliptin, while there were no improvements in group-C. FMD improved after medication in group-S (from 3.9±1.8% to 6.4±2.6%, p   Conclusions:  This study suggests that long-term treatment of sitagliptin safely improves arterial function independent of reversal for diabetic status and reduces progression of wall thickness, which may have potential benefit for long-term management of atherosclerosis in type-2 diabetics with stable coronary artery disease.
Truthfulness of More Optimistic vs Less Optimistic Messages for Patients With Advanced Cancer
Authors: Antonella Surbone
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Surgery versus SABR for resectable non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Christopher Cao, Thomas D'Amico, Todd Demmy, Joel Dunning, Dominique Gossot, Henrik Hansen, Jianxing He, Sanghoon Jheon, Rene H Petersen, Alan Sihoe, Scott Swanson, William Walker, Tristan D Yan
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Modelling the seasonal variation of vitamin D due to sun exposure
Authors: B.L. Diffey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

The current interest in vitamin D as a preventive agent in many chronic diseases has led to a reappraisal of adequate sun exposure. Yet just what constitutes adequacy remains to be clearly defined and validated. To do this requires an understanding of how behaviour outdoors during the year translates into seasonal changes in vitamin D status.To develop a model for estimating the changes in serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels as a consequence of sun exposure throughout the year.A novel mathematical model is described that incorporates the changes in serum 25(OH)D following a single, whole-body exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation with daily sun exposure in order to estimate the annual variation in serum 25(OH)D.The model yields results that agree closely with measured data from a large population-based study. Application of the model showed that current advice about 10-20 min of daily sun exposure during the summer months does little in the way of boosting overall 25(OH)D levels, while sufficient sun exposure that could achieve a worthwhile benefit would compromise skin health.There is little in the way of public health advice concerning the benefits of sun exposure that can be given as an effective means of maintaining adequate vitamin D levels throughout the year. Instead it would seem safer and more effective to fortify more foods with vitamin D and/or to consider the use of supplements during the winter months. Messages concerning sun exposure should remain focused on the detrimental effects of excessive sun exposure and should avoid giving specific advice on what might be 'optimal' sun exposure.
Control of house dust mite in managing asthma
Authors: S. G M Cloosterman, O. C P van Schayck, D. S Morrison, T. A E Platts-Mills, M. D Chapman, L. M Wheatley, S J Muncer, P. C Gotzsche, C. Hammarquist, M. Burr
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—In their meta-analysis Gotzsche et al concluded that measures to control house dust mites are not clinically effective in patients with asthma who are sensitive to mites.1 In the accompanying editorial Strachan commented that this was probably because several control measures used in the included studies did not result in a (relevant) reduction in concentrations of house dust mite allergens. Improvements in clinical condition are consequently not to be expected. Some studies in the meta-analysis found clinical effects while others did not.1 This may not be a result of effectively reducing allergen concentrations but of measuring different groups of asthmatic patients in different stages of disease. We believe that early treatment of mild asthma might have more impact than treating mild to moderate asthma. 

We investigated the (clinical) effects of a combined allergen avoidance strategy (use of covers on mattresses and bedding that are impenetrable to house dust mites and use of benzyl benzoate (Acarosan) on living room and bedroom floors) in two groups of subjects allergic to house dust mites. One group had some early signs of asthma2 but no diagnosis and the other had a confirmed diagnosis of mild asthma.3 In the subjects without diagnosed asthma, peak flow rates and symptom scores stabilised during follow up (figure (top)), suggesting that the onset of asthma may have been delayed. The subjects with mild asthma showed no clinical effects during the same follow up (figure (bottom)), although allergen concentrations were reduced, especially on mattresses (10-fold, P=0.0001).3

We hypothesise that allergen avoidance has more impact as an early preventive measure than as treatment of mild asthma. In established asthma small amounts of allergen may be sufficient to trigger a deterioration in the condition. Furthermore, allergen concentrations will need to be reduced for some time to reverse the already developed process of inflammation. In allergic patients who have not yet develped asthma a reduction in allergen load might prevent further development of the disease as the process of inflammation can probably be slowed down at this early stage. The fact that avoidance measures are more effective in children than in adults supports this idea.4 Thus allergen avoidance measures need to be applied in an early stage of the disease (secondary or even primary prevention5) to be clinically effective.

In summary, we believe that the conclusion of Gotzsche et al covers only one aspect. Measures to control house dust mite might be effective in patients in the early stages of asthma and might therefore be recommended as an early intervention.
Early intervention and long‐term outcome with cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients without a history of advanced heart failure symptoms
Authors: Romana Herscovici, Valentina Kutyifa, Alon Barsheshet, Scott Solomon, Scott McNitt, Bronislava Polonsky, Andy Y. Lee, Wojciech Zareba, Arthur J. Moss, Ilan Goldenberg
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2015)