tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quality of Care for Medicare Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Edward F. Ellerbeck
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To develop and test indicators of the quality of care for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).Retrospective medical record review.All acute care hospitals in Alabama, Connecticut, Iowa, and Wisconsin.All hospitalizations for Medicare patients discharged with a principal diagnosis of AMI between June 1, 1992, and February 28, 1993, were identified (N = 16,869).Percentage of patients receiving appropriate interventions as defined by 11 quality-of-care indicators derived from clinical practice guidelines that were modified and updated in consultation with a national group of physicians and other health care professionals.We abstracted data from 16,124 (96%) of the hospitalizations, representing 14,108 primary hospitalizations and 2016 hospitalizations resulting from transfers. Potential exclusions to the use of standard treatments in AMI care were common with 90% and 70% of patients having potential exclusions for thrombolytics and beta-blockers, respectively. In cohorts of "ideal candidates" for specific interventions, 83% received aspirin, 69% received thrombolytics, and 70% received heparin during the initial hospitalization; 77% received aspirin and 45% received beta-blockers at discharge.These data demonstrate that many Medicare patients may not be ideal candidates for standard AMI therapies, but these treatments are underused, even in the absence of discernible contraindications. Hospitals and physicians who apply these quality indicators to their practices are likely to find opportunities for improvement.
Medical Isotope Shortage
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reliable predictors of neonatal immune thrombocytopenia in pregnant women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Shinsuke Koyama, Takuji Tomimatsu, Takeshi Kanagawa, Keiichi Kumasawa, Tateki Tsutsui, Tadashi Kimura
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Of infants born to women with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), about 10-15% have transient neonatal immune thrombocytopenic purpura (NITP). Of concern is the lack of a reliable predictor for NITP. We conducted a retrospective study of all pregnancies with ITP at Osaka University Hospital over the past 16 years analyzing a total of 127 pregnancies in 88 women with ITP to assess the predictive value of various clinical factors regarding neonatal platelet count in the current pregnancy. We also reviewed the literature concerning ITP in pregnancy and NITP prediction. Neonatal platelet counts were less than 100 × 10(9)/L in 20 of 130 neonates (15.4%), less than 50 × 10(9)/L in 11 neonates (8.5%), and less than 20 × 10(9)/L in three neonates (2.3%). There was a strong correlation between the first and second sibling regarding the occurrence and the severity of NITP with Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.55 (P = 0.001) at birth and 0.63 (P < 0.0001) at nadir after birth. A maternal platelet count less than 100 × 10(9)/L at delivery showed a statistical trend for an association with the occurrence of NITP (P = 0.043). Moreover, maternal ITP refractory to splenectomy correlated with a higher risk for fetal or neonatal ICH according to the review of the literature. In conclusion, pregnant women who have had a previous offspring with NITP or who have ITP refractory to splenectomy may be at particular risk of delivering an offspring with significant NITP. Management decisions, including mode of delivery, may be altered by the degree of risk for potentially severe NITP.
Human Aging; a Biological and Behavioral Study.
Authors: Richard L. Grant
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The stated purpose of this study is to examine a broad spectrum of processes in advanced age, in individuals in whom disease is absent or minimal. The interdisciplinary study of 47 aged, healthy males amply fulfills the authors' purpose and makes a valuable addition to the expanding body of empirical data relevant to aging. Extensive interrelations are drawn between such factors as age; medical, social, and psychiatric history; physical status; laboratory data; studies of cerebral circulation and metabolism; electroencephalographic findings; psychological performance; and psychiatric status. The fruitfulness of this catholic approach is very apparent in the number of physical and psychological changes significantly correlated with age alone. Perhaps more important are the controversial issues raised concerning the relative role played by disease or age in deranged function. The book's most significant deficit is the lack of pathological information. The authors clearly outline the need for much more investigation, including clinicopathological
PHILOSOPHY AND METHODOLOGY IN THE TRAINING OF 500 PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENTS
Authors: JULES H. MASSERMAN, ARTHUR O. HECKER, JOSEPH PESSIN, BERT E. BOOTHE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1949)

The broad objectives of the VA residency program are to train physicians to be highly competent psychiatrists, to qualify them especially for urgently needed services in VA hospitals and concurrently to improve the administrative and clinical care rendered by the VA to its patients. Such training programs are best conducted in VA hospitals capable of establishing a close academic and personnel liaison with medical and university faculties, psychoanalytic institutes, scientific societies, and a range of clinical facilities usually available only in or near metropolitan centers; indeed, it may be advisable to consolidate our current program into a relatively few such centers strategically distributed over the country. Until special tests with demonstrably better predictive value are worked out, candidates may be selected on the bases of favorable records, personality evaluations and, where practicable, trial periods in actual service. General 3-year curricula of didactic, laboratory, and clinical instruction are presented for adaptation to local requirements. In every case, however, concerted efforts must be made to integrate the program with administrative practices and to secure effective cooperation among consultants, staff, residents, and hospital personnel. Finally, all programs must subserve their primary and transcendent motif: the development of psychiatric theory and practice as fields not only of incalculable current service but of even greater promise for the future of humanity.
319 THE OUTBREAK OF NEW INFLUENZA CALM DOWN THE PREVALENCE OF HEPATITIS A IN THE LATTER HALF OF 2009 DRAMATICALLY: KOREAN POPULATION STUDY
Authors: Y. Zhang, S.G. Kim, Y.S. Kim, J.Y. Jang, S.W. Jeong, S.H. Lee, H.S. Kim, J.H. Moon, M.S. Lee, B.S. Kim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Prevalence of Antibodies to HTLV-I, -II, and -III in Intravenous Drug Abusers From an AIDS Endemic Region
Authors: Marjorie Robert-Guroff
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Antibody prevalences for human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types I, II, and III were determined for 56 intravenous drug abusers from Queens, NY. While control serum samples lacked antibodies to all HTLV subgroups, seropositivity among drug users was 41% for HTLV-III, 18% for HTLV-II, and 9% for HTLV-I. Infection by HTLV-I and -II occurred independently of HTLV-III infection. Blacks had greater HTLV-III antibody prevalence than whites (54% vs 16%) and were more likely than whites to be seropositive for HTLV-I or -II (46% vs 11%). They exhibited a greater incidence than whites of double infection with HTLV-I or -II and HTLV-III (27% vs 0%), and 73% were seropositive for at least one of the viruses, compared with only 26% of the whites. The increased HTLV-I and -II infection seen in intravenous drug users suggests that once introduced into a population, these viruses may be transmitted by the same routes as HTLV-III. Transmission may have been restricted mainly to blacks in this study because of local drug use practices.
Arterial and Aortic Valve Calcification Abolished by Elastolytic Cathepsin S Deficiency in Chronic Renal Disease
Authors: Elena Aikawa, Masanori Aikawa, Peter Libby, Jose-Luiz Figueiredo, Gabriel Rusanescu, Yoshiko Iwamoto, Daiju Fukuda, Rainer H. Kohler, Guo-Ping Shi, Farouc A. Jaffer, Ralph Weissleder
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Clinical studies have demonstrated that 50% of individuals with chronic renal disease (CRD) die of cardiovascular causes, including advanced calcific arterial and valvular disease; however, the mechanisms of accelerated calcification in CRD remain obscure, and no therapies can prevent disease progression. We recently demonstrated in vivo that inflammation triggers cardiovascular calcification. In vitro evidence also indicates that elastin degradation products may promote osteogenesis. Here, we used genetically modified mice and molecular imaging to test the hypothesis in vivo that cathepsin S (catS), a potent elastolytic proteinase, accelerates calcification in atherosclerotic mice with CRD induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. Methods and Results— Apolipoprotein-deficient (apoE −/− )/catS +/+ (n=24) and apoE −/− /catS −/− (n=24) mice were assigned to CRD and control groups. CRD mice had significantly higher serum phosphate, creatinine, and cystatin C levels than those without CRD. To visualize catS activity and osteogenesis in vivo, we coadministered catS-activatable and calcification-targeted molecular imaging agents 10 weeks after nephrectomy. Imaging coregistered increased catS and osteogenic activities in the CRD apoE −/− /catS +/+ cohort, whereas CRD apoE −/− /catS −/− mice exhibited less calcification. Quantitative histology demonstrated greater catS-associated elastin fragmentation and calcification in CRD apoE −/− /catS +/+ than CRD apoE −/− /catS −/− aortas and aortic valves. Notably, catS deletion did not cause compensatory increases in RNA levels of other elastolytic cathepsins or matrix metalloproteinases. Elastin peptide and recombinant catS significantly increased calcification in smooth muscle cells in vitro, a process further amplified in phosphate-enriched culture medium. Conclusions— The present study provides direct in vivo evidence that catS-induced elastolysis accelerates arterial and aortic valve calcification in CRD, providing new insight into the pathophysiology of cardiovascular calcification.
227 Increased liver damage in cytochrome P450 2E1 transgenic mice fed ethanol intragastrically for 4 weeks
Authors: K MORGAN, L MAO, R QUINTANILLA, E HANDOKO, Q DENG, H TSUKAMOTO, S FRENCH, T MORGAN
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Excess ethanol consumption and fatty acid intake lead to a cumulative effect on liver steatosis through still unclear mechanisms. This study aimed to characterize the lipid homoeostasis alterations under the exposure of hepatocytes to ethanol alone or combined with fatty acids. FaO hepatoma cells were incubated in the absence (C) or in the presence of 100 mM ethanol (EtOH) or 0.35 mM oleate/palmitate (FFA) alone or in the combination (FFA/EtOH). Content of intra- and extra-cellular triglycerides (TAGs) and of lipid droplets (LDs), expression of lipogenic and lipolytic genes, and oxidative stress-related parameters were evaluated. Exposure to either FFAs or EtOH given separately led to steatosis which was augmented when they were combined. Our results show that FFA/EtOH: (i) increased the LD number, but reduced their size compared to separate treatments; (ii) up-regulated PPARγ and SREBP-1c and down-regulated sirtuin-1 (SIRT1); (iii) impaired FFA oxidation; (iv) did not change lipid secretion and oxidative stress. Our findings indicate that one of the major mechanisms of the metabolic interference between ethanol and fat excess is the impairment of FFA oxidation, in addition to lipogenic pathway stimulation. Interestingly, ethanol combined with FFAs led to a shift from macrovesicular to microvesicular steatosis that represents a more dangerous condition.
512 INVERSION OF GAMMA-DELTA T-CELL SUBSET RATIO BEFORE AND AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION FOR END-STAGE HCV-RELATED LIVER DISEASE
Authors: S. Ferri, C. Lalanne, G. Lanzoni, M.C. Morelli, M. Bassi, R. Menichella, P. Muratori, M. Cescon, G. Ballardini, A.D. Pinna, M. Lenzi, L. Muratori
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy: Treatment with Intravenous Dichloromethylene Diphosphonate
Authors: THOMAS P. JACOBS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Twelve patients with hypercalcemia associated with various malignancies were treated with intravenous dichloromethylene diphosphonate (Cl2MDP), a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic bone resorption, in doses of 2.5 mg/kg of body weight initially and 5.0 mg/kg thereafter for up to 7 days. Mean serum calcium concentration fell from 13.8 ± 0.6 mg/dL (SEM) before Cl2MDP to 9.8 ± 0.7 mg/dL (SEM) (p < 0.001) after 7 days. Urine calcium excretion fell from 775 ± 95 mg/g creatinine (SEM) to 272 ± 70 mg/g creatinine (SEM) (p < 0.005), and urine hydroxyproline excretion fell from 144 ± 28 mg/g creatinine (SEM) to 78 ± 18 mg/g creatinine (SEM) (p < 0.05) after treatment with Cl2MDP. The Cl2MDP was well tolerated, and adverse effects were limited to asymptomatic hypocalcemia in two patients. The ability of Cl2MDP to correct hypercalcemia and reduce urine calcium and hydroxyproline excretion in these patients is consistent with the hypothesis that increased bone resorption is primarily responsible for this complication of malignancy and suggests that Cl2MDP may be highly useful in managing this condition.
Passive smoking and health: should we believe Philip Morris's "experts"?
Authors: G. D. Smith, A. N Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1996)

because of poor eyesight, arthritis, incoordination, tremor, and fear of the bottle touching the eye.The Autosqueeze, Opticare, and Autodrop, shown in the box, may help in squeezing the bottle or positioning the drop.4"These aids are not available on prescription and have to be purchased; no studies have satisfactorily compared their ease of use and efficacy.
Book Review Abdominal Surgery of Infancy and Childhood Edited by William L. Donnellan, with John D. Burrington, Ken Kimura, Joseph C. Shäfer, and John J. White. 1424 pp. in two volumes, illustrated. Amsterdam, Harwood Academic, 1996. $375. 3-7186-5409-1
Authors: Lester W. Martin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)
TCT-480 Delayed Coronary In-stent Restenosis and Disease Progression in Patients with Single Vessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mariano Albertal, Leonardo Seoane, Gerardo Nau, Alfonsina Candiello, Lucio T. Padilla, Jorge Belardi, Fernando Cura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
IMM-101, an immunotherapeutic agent in clinical development as an adjunctive treatment for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Hilary Bilyard, Charlotte Mines, Laura Brunet, Angus Dalgleish, Frances Macintosh
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts IMM-101 is an immunotherapeutic agent in clinical development as an adjunctive treatment in cancer. It comprises heat-killed whole cell Mycobacterium obuense and is being developed by Immodulon Therapeutics Ltd, a biopharmaceutical company dedicated to the discovery and
Where Genome Meets Phenome: Rationale for Integrating Genetic and Protein Biomarkers in the Diagnosis and Management of Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Heart Failure
Authors: Sanaz Piran, Peter Liu, Ana Morales, Ray E. Hershberger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)

This review provides the rationale for integrating genomic and protein biomarkers in the evolving diagnosis and management of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and its causal pathway to heart failure (HF), with a larger objective to serve as a template for genomic and phenomic profiling of other cardiovascular disease. DCM is a major cause of HF and accounts for more than half of heart transplantation in adults and children worldwide. DCM may remain asymptomatic for years, but HF and/or arrhythmias, both late manifestations of the disease, ultimately cause significant morbidity and mortality. A significant proportion of DCM has a genetic etiology. DCM can also result from environmental injury such as infection, toxins, or catecholamine excess. While molecular genetic testing can identify those at risk for genetic DCM, epigenetic and sentinel phenomic staging can help to identify those at highest risk in need for intervention. Phenomic staging includes integrating clinical and imaging features, transcriptomics, higher order proteomics and metabolomics interactions, and epidemiological data. This principle can be applied in family members of patients with DCM, where genetic testing and clinical phenotyping are indicated. This will allow the design of specific interventions tailored to individuals sharing similar risks, to alter the natural history of DCM and obviate complications such as HF/arrhythmias.
Monitoring of intensive phlebotomy therapy in iron overload by serum ferritin assay
Authors: Bernard A. Van Oost, Bep Van Den Beld, B. Sweder Van Asbeck, Joannes J. M. Marx
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Four patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis were treated with intensive phlebotomy therapy. In 1 to 2 years, 8.8–16.7 g iron was removed. In three out of four patients hemoglobin levels fell at the end of therapy. Serum ferritin was continuously measured during therapy. The greatly elevated serum ferritin levels normalized or decreased to subnormal levels in all patients after therapy. Despite some fluctuations in the first phase of therapy, the fall in serum ferritin was regular with halving of the ferritin levels after about 50% of the excess iron was removed. The normalization of serum ferritin occurred in advance of the hemoglobin decrease at the end of therapy, indicating that in the later stages of therapy the normal iron stores are also depleted. It is emphasized that serum ferritin measurements are useful for monitoring of intensive phlebotomy therapy, and in particular to indicate the end of therapy before anemia develops.
Helicobacter pylori and childhood recurrent abdominal pain: community based case-control study
Authors: C. Macarthur, N. Saunders, W. Feldman, M. Ipp, P. Winders-Lee, S. Roberts, L. Best, P. Sherman, P. Pencharz, S. V. van Zanten
Journal: BMJ (1999)

change in alcohol use over time lead to underestimation of an elevated relative risk. 4 However, we found a clear association between level of alcohol use at conscription and risk of subsequent hospitalisation or death with a diagnosis of alcoholism, alcohol psychosis, or alcohol intoxication, with a significant relative risk of 5.71 for consumers of >15 g ethanol/day, indicating a stability over time.The results also indicate a cardioprotective effect of alcohol use in relatively young men, in whom myocardial infarction is rare.Possible biological mechanisms include an increase in high density lipoprotein cholesterol, a decrease in platelet coagulability, and a decrease in plasma fibrinogen associated with alcohol intake. 1 Calculation of the attributable proportions clearly indicated that alcohol consumption had a negative net effect on the subjects' health up to the age of 45.The results support a restrictive alcohol policy and recommendations for little or no alcohol consumption by young men. 5 Contributors: AR formulated the study hypotheses, was responsible for all phases of the study except the statistical analyses, and wrote the paper.AL was responsible for the statistical analyses and participated in planning and designing the study, interpreting the results, and editing the paper.AR is guarantor for the paper.
Impairment of Cytoplasmic eIF6 Activity Restricts Lymphomagenesis and Tumor Progression without Affecting Normal Growth
Authors: Annarita Miluzio, Anne Beugnet, Stefano Grosso, Daniela Brina, Marilena Mancino, Stefano Campaner, Bruno Amati, Ario de Marco, Stefano Biffo
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Abstract 646: Identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy resistance in high grade serous ovarian cancer.
Authors: Tushar Tomar, Nicolette G. Alkema, Tim De Meyer, Wim van Criekinge, Harry G. Klip, Gert Jan Meersma, Ate GJ van der Zee, Steven de Jong, G. Bea A. Wisman
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Platinum-based chemotherapy has been standard of care for advanced stage ovarian cancer (OC) patients since the last 3 decades. However, majority of patients relapse within 6 months with drug-resistant disease, which entitle OC among the most lethal gynecological malignancy. Besides ‘’classic’’ clinicopathological features of the primary tumor, no biological parameters have shown clinically predictive and prognostic value for chemoresponse in OC. In the present study, we are focusing on the identification of novel DNA methylation markers in response to platinum-based chemotherapy in high grade serous OC. To accomplish this aim, we performed next generation sequencing on methylation-enriched genomic DNA, isolated from frozen OC patient material from responders (more than 18 months progression free survival) and non-responders (less than 6 months progression free survival) to platinum chemoresponse (n=10 in each group). Subsequent robust biostatistics and comparative expression data analysis revealed a list of significantly differentially methylated genes of which a number were checked by methylation specific PCR (MSP) on a large platinum sensitive and resistance OC cell line panel. Gene ontology analysis showed that these genes are frequently associated with cell-fate determination, lineage commitment, transcriptional factor binding and ions-transporter system. Selected candidate methylation markers are currently being validated by pyrosequencing. Moreover, these selected markers are in-silico validated with publically available methylation and expression databases. Next, selected candidate methylation markers will be validated by quantitative-MSP on an independent OC patient cohort. Ultimately, this study will provide a DNA methylation profile for identifying those patients that may benefit from platinum-based chemotherapy in combination with epigenetic treatment modalities. Citation Format: Tushar Tomar, Nicolette G. Alkema, Tim De Meyer, Wim van Criekinge, Harry G. Klip, Gert Jan Meersma, Ate GJ van der Zee, Steven de Jong, G. Bea A. Wisman. Identification of novel epigenetic biomarkers for platinum-based chemotherapy resistance in high grade serous ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 646. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-646