tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Group Practice with Branch Centers in a Rural County
Authors: Caldwell Blakeman Esselstyn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THE purpose of this paper is to describe a way in which some of the problems of rural medicine are being approached by the Rip Van Winkle Clinic, now six and a half years old, which is located in New York State on the east bank of the Hudson River in Columbia County.The Rip Van Winkle Clinic was founded in an attempt to provide a means whereby people of a relatively poor rural community could be offered the best available medical care at a cost that at least 90 per cent of the people could afford. It was also . . .
Studies on the expression of intestinal lactase in different individuals.
Authors: C B Harvey, Y Wang, L A Hughes, D M Swallow, W P Thurrell, V R Sams, R Barton, S Lanzon-Miller, M Sarner
Journal: Gut (1995)

Sixty one duodenal biopsy specimens were examined for the expression of lactase at the level of enzyme activity, protein, and messenger RNA. Of the 51 samples with normal villous architecture, 39 were lactase persistent, 11 were nonpersistent (adult type hypolactasia), and one was of indeterminate status. All the lactase persistent individuals showed high mRNA and a high level of the lactase protein as detected by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All the 11 non-persistent individuals tested showed a low level of lactase protein. Nine of the 10 samples tested showed low mRNA and one high mRNA. These results suggest that the lactase persistence polymorphism is controlled at the level of the expression of the lactase gene, though there may be some heterogeneity of the lactase non-persistence phenotype.
Assembly gets into wrangle over wording of junk food warning
Authors: Anne Glusker
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Wiltshire police investigating unspecified allegations against a paediatrician at Southampton General Hospital are seeking expert medical evidence outside the UK.The case concerns a paediatrician who was involved in the care of a child whose mother was later charged with murder.Marianne Williams, then 22, was charged in 2004 with the murder of her 15 month old son, Joshua Taylor, whom she was alleged to have poisoned with salt.She was found not guilty in October last year after a six week trial at Winchester Crown Court.Wiltshire police officers are also under investigation for their role in the case.The Independent Police Complaints Commission said that it was "midway through" an investigation into a complaint about the conduct of the criminal investigation.Six officers had been served with official notice of the inquiry, although "this in no way implies guilt or wrongdoing on the part of any officer," the commission said.Detective Superintendent James Vaughan, the officer leading the Wiltshire force's inquiry into the allegations against the doctor, confirmed that Wiltshire Police would not be seeking medical advice in the case from any British doctors-a claim posted on the website forum Mothers Against Munchausen Allegations."In order to maintain the confidence of Joshua's family, and to identify an independent specialist who has had no connection with this or any other similar sets of circumstances in the United Kingdom, it has been necessary to seek assistance from overseas," Detective Superintendent Vaughan said.This was, he insisted, "not a reflection on the Wiltshire police's confidence in the United Kingdom experts."However, the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health said it was "confident that we have eminent experts in the UK who can offer an independent and authoritative opinion." Police look abroad for salt case expertUK NEWS Remedy UK loses court case, p1134
Dantrolene, a Therapeutic Agent for Malignant Hyperthermia, Markedly Improves the Function of Failing Cardiomyocytes by Stabilizing Interdomain Interactions Within the Ryanodine Receptor
Authors: Shigeki Kobayashi, Masafumi Yano, Takeshi Suetomi, Makoto Ono, Hiroki Tateishi, Mamoru Mochizuki, Xiaojuan Xu, Hitoshi Uchinoumi, Shinichi Okuda, Takeshi Yamamoto, Noritaka Koseki, Hiroyuki Kyushiki, Noriaki Ikemoto, Masunori Matsuzaki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Benzalkonium Chloride: Failures as an Antiseptic
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

An old story tells of a man who bought a mule that would not obey commands, no matter how vehemently they were given. When the mule's former owner was consulted, he advised the purchaser that it was first necessary to get the mule's attention for which a sharp blow to the head by a stout two-by-four was needed. An analogy is found in this issue ofThe Journalregarding the use of quaternary ammonium compounds as antiseptics. Among these agents, benzalkonium chloride has had continued use despite repeated warnings about its possible ineffectiveness. For example, the second edition of<i>AMA Drug Evaluations</i><sup>1</sup>warns that Gram-negative organisms (<i>Pseudomonas</i>) are more resistant to quaternary ammonium compounds; that the compounds tend to be deposited on the skin as a film that is sterile on the outside but under which bacteria may remain alive; that they are inactivated by soaps, inorganic matter, and
The differences and correlations of <i>BCR‐ABL</i> transcripts between peripheral blood and bone marrow assays are associated with the molecular responses in the bone marrow for chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Qian Jiang, Xiang‐Yu Zhao, Ya‐Zhen Qin, Yan‐Rong Liu, Yue‐Yun Lai, Bin Jiang, Xiao‐Jun Huang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Previous studies concerning BCR-ABL mRNA levels by quantitative real-time RT-PCR (Q-PCR) for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) have shown a significant concordance between peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) assays. The objective of this study was to determine whether molecular monitoring using PB was comparable to using BM for CML. A comparative study was performed that analyzed the Q-PCR results of 712 simultaneous PB and BM samples from 330 patients before and during imatinib therapy. For the 78 paired pretreatment samples, the level of BCR-ABL mRNA in PB was lower than that in BM (P = 0.007). Although the overall amounts of BCR-ABL mRNA in the PB and BM were comparable (P= 0.072) and there was a strong correlation (r = 0.839, P < 0.001) with the 634 paired on-treatment samples, the depth of the molecular response in PB was lower than that in BM (P < 0.001). The level of BCR-ABL mRNA in PB was lower than that in BM where the BM BCR-ABL mRNA < 1 log reduction (P < 0.001) or ≥ 1-< 2 log-reductions (P = 0.008) from the baseline, and higher than that where the BM BCR-ABL mRNA ≥ 2 log-reductions (P < 0.001). A strong correlation (r = 0.811, P < 0.001) was only found where the BM BCR-ABL mRNA < 1 log reduction. We conclude that the differences and correlations of BCR-ABL mRNA between PB and BM assays depend on the depth of the molecular response in BM for CML during imatinib therapy.
Cryptochrome mediates circadian regulation of cAMP signaling and hepatic gluconeogenesis
Authors: Eric E Zhang, Yi Liu, Renaud Dentin, Pagkapol Y Pongsawakul, Andrew C Liu, Tsuyoshi Hirota, Dmitri A Nusinow, Xiujie Sun, Severine Landais, Yuzo Kodama, David A Brenner, Marc Montminy, Steve A Kay
Journal: Nature Medicine (2010)
Woman Abuse: Facts Replacing Myths
Authors: Carl C. Bell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Since family violence is a major public health problem, physicians are strongly encouraged to read this book. It shatters commonly held stereotypes about conjugal violence, most of which takes the form of woman abuse. The author's historical overview points out how, until recently, woman abuse had been legal for over 2 1/2 millennia, which creates attitudes that pervade western society. The book provides a good review of the literature on woman abuse, covering empirical findings of various studies regarding demographics and clinical descriptions of batterers and their victims. Results on the characteristics of the assaults, intervention seeking, and treatment outcomes are also covered. An unfavorable view of the utility of the psychoanalytic model for understanding woman abuse is given. Woman abuse is seen as being closely related to coercive control (eg, brainwashing), as both have the similar elements of the victim being a captive, confinement and abduction, projection of responsibility
In vivo proliferation advantage of genetically corrected hematopoietic stem cells in a mouse model of Fanconi anemia FA-D1
Authors: Paula Río, Néstor W. Meza, África González-Murillo, Susana Navarro, Lara Álvarez, Jordi Surrallés, Maria Castella, Guillermo Guenechea, José C. Segovia, Helmut Hanenberg, Juan A. Bueren
Journal: Blood (2008)
Co-operative double-blind trial of an antibiotic/ corticoid combination in impetiginized atopic dermatitis
Authors: GERALD N. WACHS, HOWARD I. MAIBACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

This double‐blind study of an antibiotic corticosteroid combination, the antibiotic alone and the corticosteroid alone, compared their clinical and microbiological effect in infected atopic dermatitis. Combination therapy reduced the mean scores for infection, inflammation and overall severity to a greater extent than the antibiotic or corticosteroid alone. The clinical and microbiological data are discussed in terms of relevance to clinical use.
US: Medicaid pays for half of nursing home bills, but better off do not qualify
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The financing of long term care services for elderly people in the United States is a patchwork of funds from the federal, state, and local levels plus payments from the consumer's own pocket or from long term care insurance.

Medicare, the federal health insurance system for people aged 65 and over, covers only short term (100 days) nursing home care and limited home health care and rehabilitation.

It pays in full for the first 20 days in a skilled nursing facility after a hospital stay of at least three days, but after that the …
Impaired osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from multiple myeloma patients is associated with a blockade in the deactivation of the Notch signaling pathway
Authors: S Xu, H Evans, C Buckle, K De Veirman, J Hu, D Xu, E Menu, A De Becker, I Vande Broek, X Leleu, B V Camp, P Croucher, K Vanderkerken, I Van Riet
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Conjugated Estrogen Therapy and Tests of Thyroid Function
Authors: HUNTER HEATH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

The effects of various doses of conjugated estrogens (Premarin®) on modern thyroid function tests were studied in 14 euthyroid menopausal women before and after 6 weeks of therapy with each of these daily doses: 0.625 mg, 1.25 mg, 2.5 mg, and, again, 0.625 mg. Serum thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin, and thyrotrophin were measured by radioimmunoassay, free thyroxine by dialysis, and triiodothyronine binding index by a conventional method. Increasing doses of conjugated estrogens led to stepwise elevations of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, thyroxine-binding globulin, and the binding index, with a threshold dose below 0.625 mg/day. The peak effect seemed to be between 1.25 and 2.5 mg/day. Free thyroxine and thyrotrophin concentrations did not change at any dose.
A Power Analysis of Microsatellite-Based Statistics for Inferring Past Population Growth
Authors: J. Patrick King, Marek Kimmel, Ranajit Chakraborty
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2000)

We present results concerning the power to detect past population growth using three microsatellite-based statistics available in the current literature: (1) that based on between-locus variability, (2) that based on the shape of allele size distribution, and (3) that based on the imbalance between variance and heterozygosity at a locus. The analysis is based on the single-step stepwise mutation model. The power of the statistics is evaluated for constant, as well as variable, mutation rates across loci. The latter case is important, since it is a standard procedure to pool data collected at a number of loci, and mutation rates at microsatellite loci are known to be different. Our analysis indicates that the statistic based on the imbalance between allele size variance and heterozygosity at a locus has the highest power for detection of population growth, particularly when mutation rates vary across loci.
The world's biggest brain
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Background and Objective</h3> To describe the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on people with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease (MOGAD). <h3>Methods</h3> The COVID-19 Infections in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Related Diseases (COViMS) Registry collected data on North American patients with MS and related diseases with laboratory-positive or highly suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection. Deidentified data were entered into a web-based registry by health care providers. Data were analyzed using <i>t</i>-tests, Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> tests, or Fisher exact tests for categorical variables. Univariate logistic regression models examined effects of risk factors and COVID-19 clinical severity. <h3>Results</h3> As of June 7, 2021, 77 patients with NMOSD and 20 patients with MOGAD were reported in the COViMS Registry. Most patients with NMOSD were laboratory positive for SARS-CoV-2 and taking rituximab at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. Most patients with NMOSD were not hospitalized (64.9% [95% CI: 53.2%–75.5%]), whereas 15.6% (95% CI: 8.3%–25.6%) were hospitalized only, 9.1% (95% CI: 3.7%–17.8%) were admitted to the ICU and/or ventilated, and 10.4% (95% CI: 4.6%–19.5%) died. In patients with NMOSD, having a comorbidity was the sole factor identified for poorer COVID-19 outcome (OR = 6.0, 95% CI: 1.79–19.98). Most patients with MOGAD were laboratory positive for SARS-CoV-2, and almost half were taking rituximab. Among patients with MOGAD, 75.0% were not hospitalized, and no deaths were recorded; no factors were different between those not hospitalized and those hospitalized, admitted to the ICU, or ventilated. <h3>Discussion</h3> Among the reported patients with NMOSD, a high mortality rate was observed, and the presence of comorbid conditions was associated with worse COVID-19 outcome. There were no deaths reported in the patients with MOGAD, although these observations are limited due to small sample size.
SECRETION RATE OF ALDOSTERONE IN NORMAL PREGNANCY*
Authors: Mamoru Watanabe, C. Irving Meeker, Mary Jane Gray, Ethan A. H. Sims, Samuel Solomon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1963)

There is a progressive rise in excretion of the metabolites of the estrogens (1) and of proges- terone 1 (2) during pregnancy in humans.In late pregnancy, these hormones are largely pla- cental in origin (3-6).The physiological role of the adrenal gland in pregnancy is still not well understood.The high levels of blood hydrocortisone found in pregnancy were initially explained as a reflection of an increased secretion of adrenal cortical hormones (7).More recently, it has been shown that the high blood levels of hydrocortisone in pregnancy could be accounted for by the in- creased binding of this hormone to blood proteins (8).It has been reported that aldosterone is secreted in increased amounts during pregnancy (9, 10).From available evidence, it has been concluded that in humans aldosterone is not a secretory product of the placenta (11-14), but that it is formed in the adrenal gland.In earlier studies (15-17), bioassay of the crude urinary extract revealed little or no increase in the salt-retaining factor in pregnancy as com- pared with the normal nonpregnant state.Barnes and Quilligan (18) reported the same findings with a bioassay of urinary extracts purified by three paper chromatographic systems.In 1956, Venning and Dyrenfurth (19) bioassayed extracts
Relationships of plasma and hepatic variables with rates of plasma low-density lipoprotein apolipoprotein B metabolism in baboons fed low- and high-fat diets
Authors: Rampratap S. Kushwaha, P.Hugh R. Barrett, Catherine A. Reardon, Douglas S. Lewis, K.D. Carey, Godfrey S. Getz, Henry C. McGill
Journal: Metabolism (1995)
TCT-39 6-Month Angiographic Follow-up of the Novel DESolveTM Myolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Coronary Scaffold for the Treatment of Non-Complex Coronary Lesions – Results from the DESolve I First-In-Man Trial
Authors: Ricardo Costa, Alexandre Abizaid, Mark Webster, James Stewart, Jose Costa, lynn morrison, John Ormiston, Stefan Verheye
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Elizabeth Geraldine Helen Rhodes (née Morris)
Authors: Jonathan Rhodes, Andrew Morris, Robert Morris
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Elizabeth Geraldine Helen Rhodes (nee Morris) (“Liz”) was born in Eldoret, Kenya, where her father, Philip, was an eye surgeon. Liz studied arts subjects at A level at Sherborne after earlier education in Kenya, where she also excelled at tennis, swimming, and music. She entered the Royal Free Medical School in 1971 via the first MB. She was house physician to Dame Sheila Sherlock, in which post …
Abstract 5624: HMG box-containing protein 1 (HBP1) participates in the antitumor effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in invasive oral cancer
Authors: Chien-Yi Chan, Ming-Fen Lee, I-Tai Chou, Amy S. Yee, Chun-Yin Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Aberrant activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene is highly associated with poor prognosis and low survival in invasive oral cancer. Resistance to the EGFR-targeting antibodies or kinase inhibitors has been reported. Therefore, it becomes imperative to design alternative and/or additional agents to supplement the existing therapeutic means. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been shown to exhibit anti-EGFR function, but the underlying mechanism is not fully clear. Herein, we hypothesized that NAC might inhibit EGFR signaling through the induction of HBP1 in oral cancer. HBP1 is a known transcriptional suppressor of cyclin D1 and p47phox, a regulatory subunit of the NADPH oxidase complex, through which HBP1 regulates cell growth and redox homeostasis. NAC treatment suppressed cell growth, concomitantly with a reduction of the EGFR/Akt/cyclin D1 activation and an increase of HBP1 expression, in EGFR-overexpressing HSC-3 cells. When combined with AG1478, an EGFR inhibitor, NAC synergistically inhibited colony formation of HSC-3 cells, indicating that NAC is an effective anti-EGFR adjuvant. HBP1 disruption activated EGFR signaling as well as increased colony formation, cellular migration, and tumor growth in xenograft mice, and HBP1 knockdown also sensitized HSC-3 cells to AG1478, suggesting that HBP1 is a negative regulator of the EGFR signaling pathway. A significant overlap of the gene expression patterns between an HBP1-knockdown dataset and an existing EGFR signature was also identified. Finally, HBP1 silencing attenuated the anti-EGFR and anti-growth effects of NAC, and HBP1 knockdown also partially abolished NAC-inhibited p47phox expression and EGF-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Taken together, our data indicate that HBP1 functions as a negative EGFR regulator, and NAC inhibits EGFR signaling presumably through HBP1 induction in invasive oral cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5624. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5624
Implementing practice guidelines for diabetes care using problem-based learning. A prospective controlled trial using firm systems.
Authors: E M Benjamin, M S Schneider, K T Hinchey
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: A controlled trial with 15-month follow-up was conducted in two outpatient clinics to study the effects of using the problem-based learning technique to implement a diabetes clinical practice guideline. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 144 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 25-65 years in two internal medicine outpatient clinics were enrolled in the study. African-Americans and Hispanics made up &amp;gt; 75% of the patients. Doctors and staff in one of the clinics were trained in the use of a clinical practice guideline based on Staged Diabetes Management. A problem-based learning educational program was instituted to reach consensus on a stepped intensification scheme for glycemic control and to determine the standards of care used in the clinic. HbA1c was obtained at baseline and at 9 and 15 months after enrollment. RESULTS: At 9 months, there was a mean -0.90% within-subject change in HbA1c in the intervention group, with no significant changes in the control group. The 15-month mean within-subject change in HbA1c of -0.62% in the intervention group was also significant. Among intervention patients, those with the poorest glycemic control at baseline realized the greatest benefit in improvement of HbA1c. The intervention group also exhibited significant changes in physician adherence with American Diabetes Association standards of care. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical practice guidelines are an effective way of improving the processes and outcomes of care for patients with diabetes. Problem-based learning is a useful strategy to gain physician support for clinical practice guidelines. More intensive interventions are needed to maintain treatment gains.
AFFECTIONS OF THE EXTERNAL EAR.
Authors: B. ALEX. RANDALL
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Although affections of the external ear constitute one-fourth of aural practice, they may well be said to be its simplest part and, in view of their rare seriousness, to be little worthy of much consideration. Perhaps it is this very simplicity and openness to rational measures of general surgery that accounts for much of the neglect they have received, but more potent are the unfortunate traditions of centuries of unintelligent empiric measures to which they have been subjected. When ear-drops were the only known way of treating ear disease, such were indefinitely multiplied, and as ultimate relief followed the use of many medicaments, their supposed potency is a hardly challengeable portion of medical belief. As well save your breath as to argue that laudanum and sweet-oil is not the best possible relief for earache, or that oil or glycerin need not be dropped into the ear for the relief of
Improving Health Through Health System Reform
Authors: Roz Diane Lasker
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Although the nation has been consumed by the issue of health system reform for the last 2 years, the focus has been relatively limited, concentrating on policies at the federal level and on the problems of accessibility and financing of insurance for personal medical services. But reform of the US health system is a considerably broader issue. Despite congressional inaction this year, profound changes are taking place through state legislative reform, the regulatory process (such as Medicaid waivers), and marketplace forces. And some policymakers in the federal government and the states are approaching health system reform not only from the vantage point of access and cost containment, but with the added goals of protecting and improving the population's health. See also pp 1276 and 1292. Two articles in this issue ofThe Journal, by Baker et al<sup>1</sup>and by Fielding and Halfon,<sup>2</sup>make a strong case for taking
Why the Assisted Dying Bill is not needed in England and Wales
Authors: R. Anthony-Pillai
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Delamothe and colleagues’ recent editorial referred to the strong public opinion in favour of the proposed law on assisted dying.1 This was also true in Oregon,2 yet Oregon’s Death with Dignity Act 2013 report shows that deaths under the act account for only 21.9 per 10 000 total deaths.3 Might this suggest that the public isn’t really …