EXPERIMENTAL EXOPHTHALMOS AND ASSOCIATED MYOPATHY INDUCED BY THE THYROTROPIC HORMONE
Authors: Robert B. Aird
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1941)

Article1 September 1941EXPERIMENTAL EXOPHTHALMOS AND ASSOCIATED MYOPATHY INDUCED BY THE THYROTROPIC HORMONEROBERT B. AIRD, M.D.ROBERT B. AIRD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15-3-564 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe term "malignant exophthalmos" designates the progressive and alarming proptosis which occurs in a small group, usually after thyroidectomy and in the presence of a low basal metabolic rate. Unless relieved by operative decompression of the bony orbit, as devised by Naffziger,1a high percentage of these patients develop corneal ulceration, infection, and fatal intracranial extension of the orbital cellulitis. The pathologic changes and immediate cause of the exophthalmos occurring in these patients were described in detail in previous reports.1In brief, the extraocular muscles were found to be enlarged from three to eight times. Grossly, the musculature of the...References1. NAFFZIGER HC (a) : Progressive exophthalmos following thyroidectomy; its pathology and treatment, Ann. Surg., 1931, xciv, 582-586. CrossrefGoogle Scholar NAFFZIGERJONES HCOW (b) : The surgical treatment of progressive exophthalmos following thyroidectomy, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1932, xcix, 638-642. CrossrefGoogle Scholar NAFFZIGER HC (c) : Pathologic changes in the orbit in progressive exophthalmos, Arch. Ophth., 1933, ix, 1-11. CrossrefGoogle Scholar NAFFZIGER HC (d) : Progressive exophthalmos associated with disorders of the thyroid gland, Ann. Surg., 1938, cviii, 529-544. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. AIRD RB: Experimental exophthalmos and the associated myopathy induced by the thyrotropic hormone, Arch. Ophth., 1940, xxiv, 1167-1174. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SMELSER GK (a) : Experimental production of exophthalmos resembling that found in Graves' disease, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1936, xxxv, 128-130. CrossrefGoogle Scholar PAULSON DL (b) : Experimental exophthalmos in the guinea pig, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1937, xxxvi, 604-605. CrossrefGoogle Scholar PAULSON DL (c) : Experimental exophthalmos and muscle degeneration induced by thyrotropic hormone, Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin., 1939, xiv, 828-832. Google Scholar4. BODIAN D: New method for staining nerve fibers and nerve endings in mounted paraffin sections, Anat. Rec., 1936, lxv, 89-97. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. MOON HD: Personal Communication. Google Scholar6. INGLE DJ (a) : Work capacity of the adrenalectomized rat treated with cortin, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1936, cxvi, 622-625. CrossrefGoogle Scholar TIPTON SR (b) : The effect of cortin on the electrolyte changes in cat muscle during stimulation and recovery, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1938, cxxiv, 322-327. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. LYONS WR: Preparation and assay of mammotropic hormone, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1937, xxxv, 645-648. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. MOON H: Inhibition of somatic growth in castrate rats with pituitary extracts, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1937, xxxvii, 34-37. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. MARINE D: Effect of androgens on exophthalmos in rabbits, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1938, xxxviii, 353. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10. GLEY E: De l'exophthalmie consécutive à la thyroidectomie. Présentation d'animaux, Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 1910, lxviii, 858-862. Google Scholar11. MARINEROSEN DSH (a) : Influence of gonads on exophthalmos in rabbits, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1936, xxxv, 354-356. CrossrefGoogle Scholar MARINEROSEN DSH (b) : Effects of cryptorchidism and castration on exophthalmos in rabbits and guinea pigs, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1938, cxxi, 620-624. CrossrefGoogle Scholar MARINE D (c) : Studies on the pathological physiology of the exophthalmos of Graves' disease, ANN. INT. MED., 1938, xii, 443-453. Google Scholar12. FRIEDGOOD HB: Experimental exophthalmos and hyperthyroidism in guinea pigs, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1934, liv, 48-74. Google Scholar13. SMELSER GK: A comparative study of experimental and clinical exophthalmos, Am. Jr. Ophth., 1937, xx, 1189-1203. CrossrefGoogle Scholar14. MOORE RF (a) : A note on the exophthalmos and limitations of the eye movements of Graves' disease, Lancet, 1920, ii, 701. Google Scholar BURCH FE (b) : The exophthalmos of Graves' disease, Minnesota Med., 1929, xii, 668-675. Google Scholar15. THOMASWOODS HMAC (a) : Progressive exophthalmos following thyroidectomy, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1936, lix, 99-113. Google Scholar RUEDEMANN AD (b) : Exophthalmos, Cleveland Clin. Quart., 1937, iv, 66-75. CrossrefGoogle Scholar GINSBURG S (c) : Postoperative progressive exophthalmos with low basal metabolic rate, ANN. INT. MED., 1939, xiii, 424-450. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: San Francisco, California*Received for publication March 27, 1941.From the Department of Surgery, University of California Medical School.This work was conducted under grants from the Christine Breon Fund for Medical Research. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Beeinflussung des tierexperimentellen Exophthalmus durch verschiedene HormoneLiteraturEndocrine ExophthalmosEnhancing Effect of Corticotrophin*Malignant Exophthalmos*Pituitary Exophthalmos : An Assessment of Methods of TreatmentExophthalmos in the light of current anti-thyroid therapyThe Chemistry and Physiology of the Thyroid HormoneExophthalmos 1 September 1941Volume 15, Issue 3Page: 564-581KeywordsCellulitisHormonesMusclesResearch fundingSurgeryThyroidectomyUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...