tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TERMINAL HEMORRHAGIC NEPHRITIS: A CASE EXEMPLIFYING THE PROTEAN CHARACTER OF ITS SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
Authors: Irvine H. Page
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Case Reports1 April 1936TERMINAL HEMORRHAGIC NEPHRITIS: A CASE EXEMPLIFYING THE PROTEAN CHARACTER OF ITS SIGNS AND SYMPTOMSIRVINE H. PAGEIRVINE H. PAGESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-10-1419 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptChronic hemorrhagic nephritis is a disease exhibiting signs and symptoms of protean character. So elusive are many of these that prognosis and effects of various treatments are often seriously misjudged. It is for this reason that the record of this patient, illustrating many of these pitfalls, is presented.The Patient. This patient, a 49 year old woman, complained of swelling of the ankles beginning three years ago. The past history was irrelevant. Edema of the ankles began insidiously and was not associated with an obvious infection. Arterial pressure was found to be 200/120 mm. of Hg. Dr. Francis O'Connor, of...Bibliography1. MÖLLERMCINTOSHVAN SLYKE EJFDD: Studies of urea excretion. IV. Relationship between urine volume and rate of urea excretion by patients with Bright's disease, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1928, vi, 485. Google Scholar2. VAN SLYKEPAGEHILLERKIRK DDIHAE: Studies of urea excretion. IX. Comparison of urea clearances calculated from the excretion of urea, of urea plus ammonia, and of nitrogen determinable by hypobromide, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1935, xiv, 901-910. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. ADDIS T: The number of formed elements in the urinary sediment of normal individuals, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1926, ii, 409. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. SHEVKYSTAFFORD MCDD: A clinical method for the estimation of protein in urine and other body fluids, Arch. Int. Med., 1923, xxxii, 222. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. PETERSVAN SLYKE JPDD: Quantitative clinical chemistry, Vol. I. Interpretations, 1931, Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore. Google Scholar6. VAN SLYKESTILLMANMÖLLEREHRICHMCINTOSHMACKAYHANNONMOOREJOHNSTON DDEEEJFEMRRNSC: Observations on the courses of different types of Bright's disease, and on the resultant changes in renal anatomy, Medicine, 1930, ix, 257. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. PAGE IH: The effect on renal efficiency of lowering arterial blood pressure in cases of essential hypertension and nephritis, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1934, xiii, 909. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication October 2, 1935.From the Hospital of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1936Volume 9, Issue 10Page: 1419-1427KeywordsAnklesBlood pressureEdemaInflammationNephritisSigns and symptoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry in comparison to rpoB gene sequencing for species identification of bloodstream infection staphylococcal isolates
Authors: T. Spanu, E. De Carolis, B. Fiori, M. Sanguinetti, T. D'Inzeo, G. Fadda, B. Posteraro
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Glomerular filtration rate determined from a single plasma sample after intravenous iohexol injection
Authors: F Gaspari, E Guerini, N Perico, L Mosconi, P Ruggenenti, G Remuzzi
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

The iohexol injection plasma clearance method is a good alternative to the inulin clearance method for determination of GFR, but requires multiple blood samples. To avoid this, methods have been developed which derive GFR from a formula that uses a single plasma concentration of the tracer and anthropometric data. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a single plasma sample taken after iohexol injection allows reliable estimation of GFR. In this study, results of single-point determination were compared with those obtained by multiple-point plasma clearance. The GFR of 686 outpatients with different degrees of renal function were recalculated by use of the Jacobsson formula. The optimum time for sampling was found at 10 h after injection of the marker for clearances < 40 mL/min per 1.73 m2, 4 h for clearances between 40 and 99 mL/min per 1.73 m2, and 3 h for clearances > 100 mL/min per 1.73 m2. Results documented that for 75% of the patients, the simplified technique gave an error between -5% to +5% in the evaluation of GFR; for the remaining 25% of the patients, prediction error ranged from -22% to +40%. Furthermore, despite a highly significant correlation between multiple-point iohexol clearance (six plasma samples) and the single-point method (Y = 0.968X + 1.704, r2 = 0.988), the regression intercept was statistically different from 0 and the standard error of the slope estimate established that 95% confidence interval did not include 1.0 (the line of identity), thus indicating that the model can be rejected by the data at a significance level of 0.05. Thus the single-plasma-sample method to determine GFR after radiocontrast injection does not represent a real advantage over the multiple-point method and may lead to unacceptable errors in GFR calculation.
Phase I study of mitoxantrone plus etoposide with multidrug blockade by SDZ PSC-833 in relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia.
Authors: S M Kornblau, E Estey, T Madden, H T Tran, S Zhao, U Consoli, V Snell, G Sanchez-Williams, H Kantarjian, M Keating, R A Newman, M Andreeff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE Expression of the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1) p170 protein is frequent in leukemic blasts from patients with relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). A phase I study using the nonimmunosuppressive MDR1 blocker SDZ PSC-833 (PSC) in combination with mitoxantrone (MITO) and etoposide (VP) was performed. PATIENTS AND METHODS Starting doses (LVL0) of MITO (3.25 mg/m2/d on days 1 and 3 to 6) and VP (210 mg/m2/d on days 1 and 3 to 5) were 40% of the maximal-tolerated dose (MTD) from a prior study. A 1.5-mg/kg loading dose of PSC was followed by a 120-hour continuous infusion of 10 mg/kg/d on days 2 to 6. Blood samples for PSC, MITO, and VP pharmacokinetics (PK) were taken on days 1 and 3, and samples for MDR1 expression were taken on day 0. RESULTS Severe mucositis developed in all patients at LVL0; therefore, MITO and VP doses were reduced to 2.5 and 170 mg/m2 (LVL-1) for the next seven patients, and this dose proved to be MTD. All LVL0 and three LVL-1 patients had transient elevations in the serum bilirubin level to &gt; or = 4 mg/dL. Serum creatinine level increased to greater than 2 mg/dL in one case. There were no other grade 3 or 4 nonhematologic toxicities observed. The peripheral blood was cleared of leukemia in three LVL0 and four LVL-1 patients. The marrow was cleared of leukemic cells in one LVL0 and five LVL-1 patients, and a significant reduction in marrow leukemic infiltrate was observed in eight of 10. No patient achieved complete remission (CR), and all died of progressive disease (n = 8) or infection (n = 2). MDR1 expression was detected by fluorescent-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis in five of seven cases. An elevated MDR1 mRNA level was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) in six of eight cases studied. Clearing of leukemia cells from the marrow occurred in four of six MDR1-positive and one of three MDR1-negative patients. Despite the fact that LVL0 doses had to be reduced due to toxicity, coadministration of PSC did not produce a consistent effect on MITO PK; however, it did repeatedly lead to increased levels of VP in the serum. CONCLUSION We conclude that PSC-MITO-VP is a tolerable regimen with antileukemic activity. Addition of PSC necessitated a 66% reduction in MITO and VP doses from a prior study without PSC.
Conservative Outpatient Management of Ingrowing Toenails
Authors: Asha Senapati
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1986)

Twenty-five patients with ingrowing toenails were treated conservatively by inserting cotton wool under the ingrowing nail edge. Seventy-nine percent were relieved of their symptoms after follow up for a mean of 23.7 weeks. Thirty-six percent had a history of previous surgery to the nail, 75% of whom had a good or excellent result. Although conservative management was first described in the eighteenth century and has been reported sporadically since, only a few doctors treat their patients in this way. There is, however, a distinct place for this highly effective, low cost method as the initial treatment of these patients without the need for hospital referral.
MNK-1 inhibition reduces proliferation and CXCL10 in airway smooth muscle cells
Authors: Petra Khan, Laura Keglowich, Michael Tamm, Michael Roth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND: Asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) proliferate faster and secrete more CXCL10 when compared to non-asthmatic ASMC, in vitro. This pathology may be due to the earlier observed faulty mRNA translation control in asthmatic ASMC. A key player in translational control is the eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)-4E, which is directly phosphorylated by the MAP kinase interacting kinases (MNK)-1, downstream of MAPK p38 and ERK. In this study we investigated whether ASMC proliferation and CXCL10 expression is regulated by the MAPK/MNK-1/eIF4E pathway in asthmatic and non-asthmatic ASMC. METHODS: ASMC were pre-treated with MNK-1 inhibitor CGP57380 (1-20 μM), ERK inhibitor PD98059 (30 μM) or p38 inhibitor SB203580 (10 μM) before stimulation with TNF-α (10 ng/ml) or FCS (5%). Total cell lysates and cell supernatants were collected and analyzed by immunoblotting or ELISA. Cell proliferation was measured by direct cell counting. RESULTS: FCS-induced proliferation and TNF-α stimulated CXCL10 secretion was dose-dependently inhibited by CGP57380 (≥ 5 μM) in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic ASMC. TNF-α induced the phosphorylation of MNK-1 after 15-30 min and that of eIF-4E after 15-60 min, which was inhibited by pre-treatment with CGP57380 (5-20 μM), PD98059 or SB203580. Similarly, FCS induced eIF-4E phosphorylation after 15-120 min. CONCLUSION: For the first time, we show that ASMC proliferation and CXCL10 expression depend on the activation of the MAPK/MNK-1/eIF4E pathway in asthmatic and non-asthmatic ASMC. These novel findings may offer new targets for asthma therapy to limit airway remodeling and inflammation in asthma.
High-Dose Recombinant Interleukin 2 Therapy for Patients With Metastatic Melanoma: Analysis of 270 Patients Treated Between 1985 and 1993
Authors: Michael B. Atkins, Michael T. Lotze, Janice P. Dutcher, Richard I. Fisher, Geoffrey Weiss, Kim Margolin, Jeff Abrams, Mario Sznol, David Parkinson, Michael Hawkins, Carolyn Paradise, Lori Kunkel, Steven A. Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: To determine the short- and long-term efficacy and toxicity of the high-dose intravenous bolus interleukin 2 (IL-2) regimen in patients with metastatic melanoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two hundred seventy assessable patients were entered onto eight clinical trials conducted between 1985 and 1993. IL-2 (Proleukin [aldesleukin]; Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA) 600,000 or 720,000 IU/kg was administered by 15-minute intravenous infusion every 8 hours for up to 14 consecutive doses over 5 days as clinically tolerated with maximum support, including pressors. A second identical treatment cycle was scheduled after 6 to 9 days of rest, and courses could be repeated every 6 to 12 weeks in stable or responding patients. Data were analyzed through fall 1996. RESULTS: The overall objective response rate was 16% (95% confidence interval, 12% to 21%); there were 17 complete responses (CRs) (6%) and 26 partial responses (PRs) (10%). Responses occurred with all sites of disease and in patients with large tumor burdens. The median response duration for patients who achieved a CR has not been reached and was 5.9 months for those who achieved a PR. Twelve (28%) of the responding patients, including 10 (59%) of the patients who achieved a CR, remain progression-free. Disease did not progress in any patient responding for more than 30 months. Baseline performance status and whether patients had received prior systemic therapy were the only predictive prognostic factors for response to IL-2 therapy. Toxicities, although severe, generally reversed rapidly after therapy was completed. Six patients (2%) died from adverse events, all related to sepsis. CONCLUSION: High-dose IL-2 treatment seems to benefit some patients with metastatic melanoma by producing durable CRs or PRs and should be considered for appropriately selected melanoma patients.
Endothelial function in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Evangelos Markozannes, Fotis Kapsimalis, Kyriaki Cholidou, Konstantina Kyrkou, Konstantina Kosta, Manos Alchanatis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction and stroke. Endothelial dysfunction could be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms linked to OSAS related risk for cardiovascular diseases.

Methods: We studied 38 patients by polysomnography in the laboratory, 27-86 years with newly diagnosed OSAS (AHI≥15), free of known chronic diseases. Endothelial functioning assessed by the reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tone index (RH-PAT index) and the levels of urine albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) testing for microalbuminuria.

Results: 24 out of 38 patients who had abnormally low RH-PAT defined as an index < 1.65 were compared with 13 OSAS subjects with normal RH-PAT (1.41±0.1 vs. 2.11±0.5, p=0.01). They were slightly older (51±14 years vs. 43±1 years, p=0.09), with similar BMI (33.6±8.1 kg/m2 vs. 38.1±9.1 kg/m2, p=0.13), lower AHI (28.1±23.4 vs. 49.4±29.4, p=0.02) and higher minimal SaO2 (80.3%±9.1% vs. 71.8%±14.7%, p=0.03). There was no correlation between RH-PAT with Epworth Sleepiness Scale. ACR was higher in patients with low RH-PAT index (7.92±2.7 mg/g vs. 4.7±2.5 mg/g, p=0.02) but without microalbuminuria per se (defined as 30-299mg/g). ACR was significantly correlated with BMI (r=0.362, p=0.04). Multiple regression analysis showed that the value of ACR was the most significant factor for RH-PAT variance (adjusted R2 =0.23, p=0.008, beta=-0.450, p=0.04). The morning RH-PAT index was lower in patients over the age of 50 years (1.55±0.3 vs. 1.76±0.6, p<0.05).

Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the AHI is not related with markers of endothelial dysfunction. The harmful consequences of OSAS might be more prominent in the elderly and obese patients.
Antitumor activity of anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) in combination with ixabepilone in preclinical tumor models
Authors: M. N. Jure-Kunkel, G. Masters, E. Girit, G. Dito, F. Y. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

3048 Background: The antitumor activity of a homolog of ipilimumab, a CTLA-4 blocking agent, was investigated in combination with ixabepilone, the first in a new class of microtubule-stabilizing drugs. We hypothesized that this combinatorial approach may produce therapeutic synergy based on their unique mechanism of action and cellular targets. Ixabepilone induces tumor cell necrosis thus providing a source of tumor antigens and changes in tumor architecture that facilitate T-cell priming and infiltration, whereas CTLA-4 blocking mAb promotes expansion and infiltration of tumor-primed cytolytic T cells. Methods: Efficacy studies were conducted in 3 different tumor lines: SA1N fibrosarcoma, M109 lung carcinoma and EMT-6 mammary carcinoma. Ixabepilone and CTLA-4 mAb were administered at their optimal dose and schedule: ixabepilone, 8 mg/kg; CTLA-4 mAb, 20 mg/kg every 4 days for 3 doses. For the combination group, anti-CTLA-4 mAb was administered one day after each ixabepilone treatment. In selected studies, animals with complete tumor regressions were rechallenged with a lethal dose of tumor cells to determine the level of immune protection. In other studies, the combined efficacy of CTLA-4 mAb + ixabepilone was compared directly with CTLA-4 mAb + paclitaxel. Results: The combination of the ipilimumab homolog CTLA-4 mAb and ixabepilone showed a synergistic antitumor effect in all tumor models tested causing long-lasting complete responses in 70–100% of the animals, demonstrating superior efficacy compared to each treatment alone (p<0.05). Furthermore, animals treated with ixabepilone + CTLA-4 mAb rejected a subsequent tumor rechallenge suggesting the development of a protective memory immune response. Conversely, ixabepilone- treated animals showed only partial protection, as evident by a delay in tumor growth. Combination treatments were well-tolerated. The CTLA-4 mAb +ixabepilone combination yielded superior efficacy than CTLA-4+paclitaxel. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that the combination of ixabepilone and ipilimumab homolog CTLA-4 blocking mAb elicits effective and long-lasting antitumor effects and warrant investigation of ipilimumab and ixabepilone regimen in clinical trials. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb
Histopathology of Tumors of Canine Alimentary Tract Produced by &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Methyl-&lt;italic&gt;N'&lt;/italic&gt;-nitro-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-nitrosoguanidine, With Particular Reference to Gastric Carcinomas&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Yukio Shimosato, Noritake Tanaka, Kikuko Kogure, Shinji Fujimura, Takashi Kawachi, Takashi Sugimura
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Four 90-day-old dogs were given 167 µg/ml solution of N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) orally for 1 month and 83 µg/ml of solution for the following 14 months. All dogs developed adenocarcinomas, often multiple, of the stomach, the diagnosis of which was based entirely on the histologic appearance of the lesions. No metastases were found. Carcinomas developed most frequently in the cardiac portion along the greater curvature and in the antrum along the lesser curvature. In the greater curvature, all 4 dogs developed papillary and tubular adenocarcinomas, which were probably unrelated to previous ulceration of the mucosa. In the antrum, all 4 dogs developed papillary adenocarcinomas or adenocarcinomas with or without signet-ring cells. The muscularis mucosae was frequently replaced by fibrous tissue, which suggested marked tissue damage or ulceration of the mucosa before neoplastic growth developed, though the possibility of carcinoma developing in unulcerated mucosa still remained. The corpus mucosa of the ventral wall near the antrum was the site of carcinoma consisting predominantly of signet-ring cells, which appeared to originate in mucosa much less damaged by MNNG solution. Besides gastric adenocarcinomas, spindle cell sarcoma and hem,angioblastoma were found in the gastrointestinal tract. The histology of MNNG-induced gastric carcinomas is detailed and discussed mainly from the pathologic standpoint.
Comment on Lin et al. Risk Factors for Decline in IQ in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Over the 12 Years From Diagnosis/Illness Onset. Diabetes Care 2015;38:236–242
Authors: Peng-Fei Shan, Xiao-li Ji
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Lin et al. (1) reported changes in verbal intelligence quotient (VIQ), full-scale IQ (FSIQ), and performance IQ (PIQ) monitored in young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) over 12 years from disease onset, and risk factors such as early onset of diabetes and history of hypoglycemic seizures had a negative impact on VIQ and FSIQ. This is an interesting prospective study on the correlation between glycemic control and the development of the central nervous system in T1D. However, there are two concerns about this study.

First, the study results are concerning because two inconsistent findings were reported. First, no …
Factors relating to urinary protein excretion in children with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
Authors: C Sharp, A Johnson, P Gabow
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)

Adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) who have overt proteinuria (>300 mg/d) have higher mean arterial pressures, lower creatinine clearances, larger renal volumes, and a more aggressive course of renal disease than ADPKD patients without proteinuria. This study examines the relationship between proteinuria and microalbuminuria and similar factors in ADPKD children. A total of 189 children from 81 ADPKD families was included in the analysis. The ADPKD children (n = 103) had significantly greater urine protein excretion rates than the non-ADPKD children (n = 86) (3.9+/-0.3 versus 2.8+/-0.2 mg/m2 per h, P < 0.001). Children with severe renal cystic disease (> 10 cysts; n = 54) had greater protein excretion than those with moderate disease (< or = 10 cysts; n = 49) (4.4+/-0.5 versus 3.3+/-0.2 mg/m2 per h, P < 0.05). The ADPKD children had significantly greater albumin excretion rates than the non-ADPKD children (32+/-6 versus 10+/-2 mg/m2 per 24 h, P < 0.001), and a higher percentage of ADPKD children had significant microalbuminuria (>15 mg/m2 per 24 h in boys and >23 mg/m2 per 24 h in girls) than their unaffected siblings (30% versus 10%, P < 0.05). Thirty percent of ADPKD children had albuminuria and 23% had overt proteinuria. For all ADPKD children, there was no correlation between proteinuria and hypertension. However, there was a significant correlation between urinary protein excretion and diastolic BP among children diagnosed after the first year of life (r = 0.23, P < 0.05). Therefore, proteinuria and albuminuria occur early in the course of ADPKD and may be markers of more severe renal disease.
Heterogeneous cytogenetic subgroups and outcomes in childhood acute megakaryoblastic leukemia: a retrospective international study
Authors: Hiroto Inaba, Yinmei Zhou, Oussama Abla, Souichi Adachi, Anne Auvrignon, H. Berna Beverloo, Eveline de Bont, Tai-Tsung Chang, Ursula Creutzig, Michael Dworzak, Sarah Elitzur, Alcira Fynn, Erik Forestier, Henrik Hasle, Der-Cherng Liang, Vincent Lee, Franco Locatelli, Riccardo Masetti, Barbara De Moerloose, Dirk Reinhardt, Laura Rodriguez, Nadine Van Roy, Shuhong Shen, Takashi Taga, Daisuke Tomizawa, Allen E. J. Yeoh, Martin Zimmermann, Susana C. Raimondi
Journal: Blood (2015)
Corynebacterium parvum as a Therapeutic Antitumor Agent in Mice. I. Systemic Effects From Intravenous Injection2
Authors: Martin T. Scott
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Two days after mastocytoma P815 was established as a solid tumor in the foot pads of (C57BL/6 × DBA/2)F1 mice, intravenous (iv) injection of Corynebacterium parvum caused only transient inhibition of tumor growth with no complete regressions. Tumor inhibition was reflected in increased survival times. Some toxicity problems were encountered after the high doses required for maximum effect were given, and multiple doses of C. parvum were no more effective than single doses. The antitumor effects of C. parvum were still apparent in T -celldeprived mice. Mice treated iv with C. parvum did not develop systemic antitumor immunity, but peritoneal macrophages and spleen cells from C. parvum-stimulated animals were nonspecifically cytostatic for mastocytoma cells in vitro. Thus systemic C. parvum was predominantly nonspecific in its mode of antitumor action.