tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Maturation of Jejunum and Ileum in Rats
Authors: M. K. Younoszai, R. S. Sapario, M. Laughlin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

During osmotic diarrhea, loss of water and electrolytes appears to be greater in infants than in adults. In 2-, 3-, and 7-wk-old rats, we studied net transport of H(2)O, Na, and Cl, during in vivo perfusion of segments of the jejunum and ileum, from solutions with osmolalities of 300, 375, 500, or 700 mosmol/kg. In the jejunal segments, from the hypertonic solutions net transport of H(2)O, Na, and Cl was into the lumen and greater in the 2- than 7-wk-old rats. In the ileal segments, transport of water was into the lumen, transport of Na was minimal and variable, whereas transport of Cl was usually out the lumen. In 3-wk-old rats, transport rates were intermediate between those in 2- and 7-wk-old rats. The calculated filtration coefficient (microliters of H(2)O transported per hour per unit osmolality gradient-lumen-serum-per gram dry weight) of water suggested that the resistance to water flow did not increase with rise in luminal hypertonicity in the jejunum of the 2- and 3-wk-old rats, whereas in jejunum of the 7-wk-old rats and in ileum of rats in all three ages, the resistance to water flow increased with the rise in luminal osmolality. The differences in the transport rates and the resistance to water flow, between segments of the 2-, 3-, and 7-wk-old rats, suggested a maturational phenomenon that appears to continue beyond the 3rd wk of life and could have been due to differences in some physical property of the mucosal membrane.
Consumer evaluation of a community mental health service, I: care delivery patterns
Authors: Laurence S. Lorefice, Jonathan F. Borus, Carolyn Keefe
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

There is a need for improved evaluation of community mental health services. The authors present a multidimensional consumer evaluation of the delivery system aspects of services provided at a community-run health center. The findings demonstrate that consumer evaluations can provide meaningful data to administrators concerning the ongoing delivery of care and can help them plan patterns of practice for the future.
Abstract 3788: Effect of Low Amplitude 2D Radial Strain at Left Ventricular Pacing Sites on Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Fakhar Z Khan, Munmohan S Virdee, Philip A Read, Simon P Fynn, David P Dutka
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction Left ventricular (LV) lead placement to areas of scar has detrimental effects on response to resynchronization therapy (CRT). Speckle tracking 2D radial strain offers assessment not on...
Effect of clozapine on human serum prolactin levels
Authors: Herbert Y. Meltzer, David J. Goode, Paul M. Schyve, Michael Young, Victor S. Fang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1979)

The authors determined serum prolactin levels in 13 patients receiving clozapine, an antipsychotic drug that does not produce extrapyramidal side effects. Morning serum prolactin levels, 11 hours after the last dose, were not elevated during chronic treatment with clozapine in any subject despite its therapeutic effects. Serum prolactin levels were moderately increased between 90 minutes and 4 hours after administration of very high doses of oral clozapine in 4 patients but were smaller than those produced by chlorpromazine in other subjects. The authors suggest that clozapine in other subjects. The authors suggest that clozapine may achieve its antipsychotic effect differently than do classical neuroleptics and that sustained prolactin increases are not essential for antipsychotic action.
First Clinical Results of a Randomized Phase 2 Dose-Response Study of SGI-110, a Novel Subcutaneous (SC) Hypomethylating Agent (HMA), in 102 Patients with Intermediate (Int) or High Risk (HR) Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS) or Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML)
Authors: Guillermo Garcia-Manero, Ellen K. Ritchie, Katherine Walsh, Michael Savona, Patricia Kropf, Casey O'Connell, Raoul Tibes, Naval G. Daver, Elias Jabbour, Scott Lunin, Todd L. Rosenblat, Karen Yee, Wendy Stock, Elizabeth A. Griffiths, Joseph R Mace, Nikolai A. Podoltsev, Jesus G. Berdeja, Jean-Pierre Issa, Woonbok Chung, Sue Naim, Pietro Taverna, Yong Hao, Mohammad Azab, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Gail J. Roboz
Journal: Blood (2014)
A screening test for somatization disorder (hysteria)
Authors: Ekkehard Othmer, Cherilyn DeSouza
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

For the diagnosis of somatization disorder, DSM-III requires the assessment of 37 specific symptoms, a time-consuming and cumbersome task. The authors describe a procedure by which the clinician can assess the presence of somatization disorder by screening for only seven symptoms, three of which must be present for a preliminary diagnosis of somatization disorder. The test was developed on female psychiatric outpatients (N = 85) who had multiple unexplained physical complaints beginning before the age of 30 years; it was validated on an independent sample (N = 47). The accuracy of this screening procedure is 80%-90%.
Abstract 14094: Diastolic Function Behavior in Patients With a Positive Exercise Stress Echocardiogram
Authors: Lynda Otalvaro, Hector R Villarraga, Patricia A Pellikka, Garvan C Kane., Fletcher A Miller, Robert B McCully
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Little information exists about the relationship of exertional changes in diastolic function to the extent and severity of exercise-induced ischemia. We characterized echocardiographic parameters of diastolic function in patients with a positive stress echocardiogram. Methods: In 699 consecutive patients with a positive treadmill exercise stressechocardiogram, diastolic function was assessed at rest and at peak exercise; regional wall motion score index (RWSI) were assessed on the basis of wall motion and systolic thickening, diastolic profile was assessed by mitral inflow velocities (E and A waves), tissue velocities of the mitral annulus (e'), deceleration time (DT), E/A ratio and E/e' were calculated at rest and peak stress and LA volume index (LAVI) at rest. Right ventricular systolic pressure values (RVSP) at rest and post exercise were included. Patients at rest were divided in three groups E/e'   15 (Group 3), and into quartiles according to the...
Molecular response to neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and chemoradiation in rectal cancer: Molecular imaging (FDG-PET/CT), VEGFR, and EGFR expression and histopathologic correlations.
Authors: F. A. Calvo, M. De La Mata, M. Gomez Espi, E. Alvarez, J. Carreras
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e14012 Background: To analyze post-neoadjuvant molecular events assessed by FDG-PET/CT imaging and inmunohistochemical (IHC) determined by VEGFR and EGFR. To correlate molecular and pathological pattern of response. Methods: 41 patients (p) with cT3–4 induced with FOLFOX (2) and fluoropirimidin based neoadjuvant chemoradiation were staged and restaged with FDG-PET/CT (36p) and pre-/post-VEGFR and EGFR IHC determination (34p). Pathological response was assessed by Rödel's tumor regression grade (TRG) classification. Results: Neoadjuvant treatment significantly decreased the mean SUVmax at initial staging: 8.77 vs. 2.64 (p < 0.001). Reduction of FDG uptake (restaging SUVmax < 2) is correlated with T downstaging (p = 0.04) and favourable histopathological response (TGR = 3-4, p < 0.05). TGR responders have a significant superior reduction of tumor uptake (%SUVmax, ± SD): TGR responders −75.09% (± 18%) vs .TGR non responders -51.6% (± 36%), p = 0.05. VEGFR was expressed initially in all patients, except one, and all modified postneoadjuvant VEGFR expression had a TRG 3-4 response categories. Stabilization of VEGFR expression intensity after neoadjuvant treatment was correlated with less reduction of tumor uptake: %SUVmax 46.73% (±++/++/+) vs. 81% (−). EGFR was positive 1/3 of p: if chemoradiation significantly modified the IHC expression, the response category was TRG = 3–4 in all p. Conclusions: Postneoadjuvant biomolecular response is assessable using molecular/metabolic imaging and monitoring ICH expression in rectal cancer including VEGFR. Results suggest that histhopatological response (TRG) correlates with SUVmax and VEGFR and EGFR postneoadjuvant induced changes. Molecular measured response imaging (%SUV and/or restaging SUVmax) and ICH effects, indicates a tendency to correlate of non-VEGFR response and minor SUVmaxchanges with postneoadjuvant resistant rectal cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Early intensification of imatinib treatment based on precise definition of accelerated phase in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: Population-based analysis.
Authors: K. Foryciarz, T. Sacha, Z. Salamanczuk, M. Jakobczyk, S. Czekalska, M. Zawada, M. Szostek, I. Florek, A. B. Skotnicki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6588 Background: The phase of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) at diagnosis (dx) remains significant prognostic factor for the outcome of therapy with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therefore patients in accelerated phase (AP) should receive more intensive treatment. However, there are considerable differences in diagnostic parameters according to Sokal (1988), M. D. Anderson (1993), IBMT (1997) or WHO (2001) criteria so AP definition remains equivocal. Methods: To evaluate the impact of the strictest AP definition by WHO (including the presence of additional cytogenetic abnormalities in Ph (+) cells [ACA Ph(+)] and/or ≥ 10% of blasts in bone marrow or peripheral blood as AP criteria) on the therapy outcome the retrospective population-based study included 138 CML patients in early chronic phase (ECP) (n = 63), late chronic phase (LCP) (n = 60) or accelerated phase (AP) (n = 15) receiving imatinib (IM) 400/400/600 mg/d respectively was performed. Time to complete hematologic remission (CHR), time to complete cytogenetic remission (CCyR), time to major molecular remission (MMR) and the presence of ACA Ph(+) were analyzed. To estimate probability of CCyR and MMR cumulative incidence analysis was used. Cytogenetic and molecular progression-free survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis. Results: Statistically significant correlation between probability of CCyR, MMR achievement and phase of CML was found with no correlation with age, sex, Sokal and Hasford scores. The presence of ACA Ph(+) was always regarded AP determinant. The probability of CCyR and MMR at 12 and 18 months respectively was the highest in patients with ECP (75% and 47%), and significantly increased in patients diagnosed in AP (47 and 27%) and treated with 600 mg/d of IM comparing to patients with LCP treated with IM 400 mg/d (35 and 21%) (p = 0.0004). Conclusions: These data suggest the need of precise defining of AP at dx with rigid criteria resulting in assignment those patients to more intensive treatment group. Further studies are needed to define the optimal treatment schedule (high-dose IM/second generation TKI). Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis
Abstract 6265: A Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial of Oscillometric Versus Manual Sphygmomanometers for Blood Pressure Management in Primary Care (CRAB)
Authors: Mark R Nelson, Stephen Quinn, Linda Bowers-Ingram, Jan M Nelson, Tania M Winzenberg
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Although mercury sphygmomanometers are seen as the gold standard instrument for blood pressure (BP) measurement they are being withdrawn due to health and safety concerns. This has potential for changes in BP recording and management. CRAB aimed to determine the effect of an oscillometric device on digit preference, BP measurement and antihypertensive drug prescribing. Cluster randomized controlled trial in 24 family practices in Tasmania, Australia. Practices were excluded if they had oscillometric devices. Intervention practices were supplied with OMRON HEM-907 monitors for all clinical rooms and other BP measuring devices were removed. Three practices (2 control &amp; 1 intervention) withdrew. Intervention practices had a 1 week run-in phase for familiarization and novelty reduction. Intervention practices were subsequently audited by a research nurse as prospective collection of data by a family physician may have influenced the outcome measures of interest. Control practice audit periods were matched to intervention practices. All analyses were ITT and adjusted for potential clustering. Differences in BP were analysed using generalised estimating equations. All other outcomes were analysed using multilevel mixed-effects poisson regression. Post hoc analyses were performed to determine the mediators of changes in prescribing behaviour. 3355 records were reviewed with 828 visits having BP recordings. The percentage of BP recordings ending in “0” was significantly lower in intervention vs. control practices [SBP 18% (233/329) vs. 71% (107/587), DBP 20% (229/328) vs. 70% (119/584) p&lt;0.001]. The mean of systolic BP recordings in the intervention group was 7.5 mmHg (95% CI 5.2, 9.9 mmHg) higher than in the control group. Patients taking BP lowering drugs were more likely (IRR 1.3 95% CI 1.1, 1.7) to have a BP lowering drug prescribed if they were in the intervention compared to the control. Post hoc analyses identified systolic BP and not terminal digit preference as mediators of changes in prescribing behaviour. Oscillometric BP devices led to increases in overall prescribing of antihypertensive drugs. This was most likely mediated by reductions in measurement error leading to higher BP recordings.
Cardiac Effects of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Negative Infants Born to HIV-Positive Mothers
Authors: Steven E. Lipshultz, William T. Shearer, Bruce Thompson, Kenneth C. Rich, Irene Cheng, E. John Orav, Sulekha Kumar, Ricardo H. Pignatelli, Louis I. Bezold, Philip LaRussa, Thomas J. Starc, Julie S. Glickstein, Sharon O'Brien, Ellen R. Cooper, James D. Wilkinson, Tracie L. Miller, Steven D. Colan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract 14704: Does Fluoroscopic Coronary Calcification Predict Future Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events Independent Of Other Risk Factors, Including Coronary Artery Disease Severity?
Authors: Theophilus Owan, Heidi T May, Gautam B Reddy, Hussein N Yamani, Shadi Karabsheh, Tami L Bair, Patty Li, Jeffrey L Anderson, Donald L Lappe, Joseph B Muhlestein
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The degree of coronary calcification has been used as a surrogate marker for severity of coronary artery disease. However, when measured by computed tomography, the severity of obstruct...
Abstract 9030: Islet Inflammation Induced by Free Fatty Acid-TLR4 Pathway Leads to β Cell Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kosei Eguchi, Ichiro Manabe, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Recent studies have demonstrated that inflammation is crucially involved in metabolic abnormalities suggesting similarities with atherogenesis. However, it is still unclear whether inflammation is involved in pancreatic β cell dysfunction seen in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Serum free fatty acid (FFA) levels are increased in obese subjects and associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The deleterious effects of FFAs on β cells in vitro are well known, which is termed “lipotoxicity”. To elucidate if FFAs induce β cell dysfunction in vivo, we established a novel method to selectively increase the circulating free palmitate level and found that palmitate induces rapid β cell dysfunction in mice via TLR4/MyD88 pathway. However, the TLR4/MyD88 pathway was dispensable for palmitate-induced β cell dysfunction in vitro, indicating mechanisms other than the previously known lipotoxicity are essential in vivo. Interestingly, palmitate infusion induced expression of CCL2 and CXCL1 in β cells, suggesting involvement of inflammatory processes. Indeed, flow cytometric analysis showed that palmitate induced accumulation of CD11b+Ly-6C+ M1 inflammatory macrophages within islets, which was not observed in Tlr4−/− or Myd88−/− mice. Moreover, depletion of M1 macrophages protected mice from palmitate-induced β cell dysfunction. Coculture experiments of β cells and macrophages combined with cytokine neutralizing antibody demonstrated that palmitate-induced reciprocal interactions between these cells further augment macrophage recruitment and β cell dysfunction. Finally, we found that same mechanisms are playing causative roles in β cell dysfunction in db/db mice, a T2D model. Those results suggest a model in which β cells respond to saturated FFAs and recruit macrophages, and subsequent interactions propagate inflammation within islets that lead to β cell dysfunction. We also found that palmitate activates inflammatory processes and exacerbates neointima formation. Our results thus highlight the causative involvement of inflammation in β cell dysfunction in T2D and suggest that saturated FFAs and chronic inflammation are the unified pathogenic factor and mechanism for both cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.
Abstract 518: Cardioprotective Role of the Uncoupling Protein 3 Following Chronic Catecholamines Administration.
Authors: Giovanni Esposito, Maria Piera Petretta, Cinzia Perrino, Rosalia Guerriero, Giuseppe Sorda, Francesco Borgia, Maria Carmen De Angelis, Enza Capasso, Gerarda Viviana Russo, Amelia Filippelli, Massimo Chiariello
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are mitochondrial inner membrane proteins sustaining an inducible proton conductance. Weakening the proton electrochemical gradient built up by the mitochondrial respirat...
Delineation of the 'Severity and Mechanisms of Aortic Regurgitation Using Multidetector Computed Tomography. Comparison with Transthoracic and Transoesophageal Echocardiography
Authors: Céline Goffinet, Agnes Pasquet, Bernhard Gerber, Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde, Valerie Kersten, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, David Vancraeynest
Journal: Circulation (2008)
T-cell death by apoptosis in vertically human immunodeficiency virus- infected children coincides with expansion of CD8+/interleukin-2 receptor-/HLA-DR+ T cells: sign of a possible role for herpes viruses as cofactors?
Authors: RP Lauener, S Huttner, M Buisson, JP Hossle, M Albisetti, JM Seigneurin, RA Seger, D Nadal
Journal: Blood (1995)
Abstract 169: Neurological and Cardiovascular Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest at 6 Regional Interventional Cardiology Centers in the United States, 2007-2011
Authors: David B Seder, Michael Mooney, Nainesh Patel, John McPherson, Paul McMullen, Karl B Kern, Barb Unger, J Browning, S Nanda, Melkon Hacobian, M B Kelley, Niklas Nielsen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: We characterized adverse events and outcomes among cardiac arrest (CA) survivors treated between 2007-2011 at six regional interventional cardiology (PCI) centers in the United States. Methods: Demographics, clinical features, adverse events, cardiovascular outcomes, and 6-month neurological outcomes of 663 sequential patients were retrospectively and prospectively entered into a secure, web-based registry (INTCAR). The overall survival of patients with VT/VF and PEA/asystole was calculated, and an expected “survival index” for each center developed Results: Patients were characterized as mean 61.3 (+14.9) years old, 69.2% male, 58.8% initial VT/VF, 23.5 (+16.3) minutes “downtime”. On admission, 31.1% had shock, 26% STEMI, 38.6% underwent urgent coronary angiography, and 20.2% urgent PCI. Moderate or severe left ventricular dysfunction was present in 63% patients on presentation and 49.5% at hospital discharge (P&lt;0.001). Frequent adverse events were shock requiring vasopressors (81.6%) or balloon counterpulsation (9.5%), shivering requiring neuromuscular blockade (74.8%), hyperglycemia (66.1%), electrolyte disturbances (62.9%), arrhythmias (37.9%), seizures (26.5%), pneumonia (25%), and bleeding (9.5%). Of 370/663 (55.8%) patients that died during hospitalization, at a median of 4.7 (+3.9) days, discontinuation of life support occurred in 52%, and the cause of death was reported as neurological in 64.6% or cardiovascular in 35.4%. Good neurological outcome at 6 months was as follows: Overall (all rhythms) 38.2%, of VT/VF 53.2%, of PEA/Asystole 17.9 %, of those with shock on admission 38.1%. When corrected for case mix (%VT/VF vs. PEA/asystole), the ratio of actual to anticipated survival varied among centers from 0.87 to 1.43. Among patients surviving to discharge, 54.2% had reportedly normal left ventricular (LV) function, 29.2% moderate LV dysfunction, and 16.6% severe LV dysfunction. Of 282 patients surviving to 6-month follow-up, 89.7% were categorized as CPC1-2 and 10.3% as CPC 3-4. Conclusions: Across a geographically diverse group of PCI centers in the United States routinely employing therapeutic hypothermia for neuroprotection, cardiac arrest outcomes at centers employing TH and PCI were favorable.
Effect of bevacizumab (BEV) and irinotecan (CPT-11) on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) in glioblastoma (GBM) patients
Authors: A. Desjardins, D. P. Barboriak, J. E. Herndon, J. Marcello, D. A. Reardon, J. A. Quinn, J. N. Rich, S. Sathornsumetee, H. S. Friedman, J. J. Vredenburgh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

2026 Background: DCE-MRI can determine vascular permeability using Ktrans, a volume transfer constant of contrast agent between blood plasma and the extravascular extracellular space. We report a phase II trial to determine the correlation between vascular permeability and radiographic response in GBM patients treated with irinotecan and bevacizumab. Methods: Eligibility included 20 patients with recurrent GBM. Both agents were given every 14 days; bevacizumab at 10 mg/kg IV, and irinotecan at 340 mg/m2 for patients on enzyme inducing antiepileptic drugs (EIAED) and 125 mg/m2 for patients not on EIAED. Radiographic responses were assessed every 6 weeks. DCE-MRIs were performed before administration of chemotherapy, one day after treatment and after the first cycle. The primary endpoint was to examine the effect of bevacizumab and irinotecan treatment on vascular permeability as measured by percent change from baseline in Ktrans. Results: All 20 patients were enrolled, with a median age of 49.5 years. Best responses include one patient with complete response, nine with partial response (response rate=50%), nine patients with stable disease, and one with disease progression. A 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) of 65% and a 6-month overall survival (OS) of 85% were observed. Changes in Ktrans value were highly correlated with the percentage decline in tumor volume from baseline to end of cycle one (Spearman's rank correlation = 0.47; p=0.04). Using a two-sided t-test, borderline significant difference in mean Ktrans at 24 hours between responders and non-responders was obtained at six weeks (p=0.05). No DCE MRI measures at either 24 hours or 6 weeks were determined as predictors of PFS and OS. Fifteen patients discontinued therapy due to disease progression and two patients discontinued treatment due to toxicity (wound healing, n=1; pulmonary embolism, n=1). Conclusions: The utilization of DCE-MRI to determine a reduction in vascular permeability following a combination of bevacizumab and irinotecan is feasible and correlates with the degree of tumor volume decrease, but does not predict survival in this small study. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech Genentech Genentech Genentech