tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The AMA Health Insurance Proposal
Authors: Werner Reis
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Blood stem cells compared with bone marrow as a source of hematopoietic cells for allogeneic transplantation
Authors: Richard E. Champlin, Norbert Schmitz, Mary M. Horowitz, Bernard Chapuis, Raj Chopra, Jan J. Cornelissen, Robert Peter Gale, John M. Goldman, Fausto R. Loberiza, Bernd Hertenstein, John P. Klein, Emilio Montserrat, Mei Jie Zhang, Olle Ringdén, Sandra C. Tomany, Philip A. Rowlings, Marlies E.H.M. Van Hoef, Alois Gratwohl
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract 17194: Inflammation-resolving Lipid Mediator Resolvin D2 Enhances Revascularization in Hind Limb Ischemia
Authors: Michael J Zhang, Jason Hellmann, James F Baker, Luping Guo, Daniel J Conklin, Aruni Bhatnagar, Matthew Spite
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Critical limb ischemia (CLI) due to occlusive vascular disease increases the risk for limb loss; however, treatment remains an important challenge despite state-of-the-art clinical care. Extensive evidence demonstrates that monocytes/macrophages enhance revascularization during CLI by promoting blood vessel growth, extracellular matrix remodeling and dead tissue removal. Resolvins are a family of lipid mediators generated by macrophages during the resolution phase of inflammation that potently resolve inflammation and promote tissue repair. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that resolvin D2 (RvD2) enhances revascularization during hind limb ischemia (HLI). Isolated mouse splenic monocytes produced RvD2 and delivery of RvD2 (4μg/kg/day; s.c.) enhanced perfusion recovery after femoral artery/vein ligation and bisection, as assessed by laser Doppler perfusion imaging. By day 14, the mean perfusion in RvD2-treated limbs was significantly higher than with vehicle (64% vs. 29% compared to non-ischemic limb; p
Abstract 13480: Exercise Capacity and Risk for Heart Failure in Older Adults. The Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study
Authors: Vasiliki Georgiopoulou, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Catherine N Marti, Sonjoy R Laskar, Andrew L Smith, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Anne B Newman, Tamara Harris, Stephen B Kritchevsky, Javed Butler
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Cardiovascular mortality after radiotherapy for breast cancer
Authors: I. H Kunkler
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—The headline on the BMJ 's front cover “Cardiovascular mortality after radiotherapy for breast cancer” would lead the reader to suppose that the study described the relation between adjuvant irradiation for breast cancer and cardiac mortality.1 The actual report of a cohort of nearly 90 000 women reported from the Swedish cancer registry with data on laterality of breast cancer and cardiac mortality presents only estimates of the use of adjuvant radiotherapy (30%) from regional Swedish registries in the 1970s and 1980s.

Darby et al are rightly modest in their claims about the increased mortality ratio (left v right) of 1.10 because of the wide confidence intervals for the observed ratio. This study, like the meta-analyses of trials of postoperative locoregional irradiation for early breast cancer, treats radiotherapy as a uniform intervention. This takes no account of the volume of heart irradiated, pre-existing cardiac morbidity, dose and fractionation, or the use of adjuvant chemotherapy that contains potentially cardiotoxic anthracycline.

The combined analysis of the premenopausal and postmenopausal trials of the Danish Breast Cooperative Group has shown that electron based techniques for minimising transmitted dose to the heart are effective in avoiding radiation induced cardiac toxicity.2 However, the techniques adopted in these trials are labour intensive and not widely practised. The recent introduction of intensity modulated radiotherapy allows the shaping of the irradiated volume to minimise cardiac irradiation. However, as yet there are no long term follow up data confirming the reduction in radiation induced mortality. This technique is likely to become more widely adopted. What are needed are prospective cohort studies linking cancer registry data, detailed description of the parameters of radiotherapy, irradiated cardiac volume, use of anthracycline based chemotherapy, cancer control and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Only then will the specific cardiac risks of adjuvant irradiation be accurately assessed.
Pyoderma gangrenosum: a retrospective review of patient characteristics, comorbidities and therapy in 103 patients
Authors: A.M. Binus, A.A. Qureshi, V.W. Li, L.S. Winterfield
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is an uncommon and challenging disease, highly associated with comorbidities, but poorly characterized from a diagnostic and therapeutic perspective.To describe the epidemiology of PG in a hospital-based retrospective review, focusing on demographics, comorbidities and treatments.We conducted a retrospective chart review. Patient data were taken from the Research Patient Data Repository of Brigham and Women's Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital from 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2007. We identified and confirmed 103 cases of PG, and collected data on anatomical location, number and size of the PG lesions, patient demographics, comorbidities, mortality rate and treatments.Of the 103 patients, 78 (76%) were female, and only 7% had a biopsy suggestive of PG. The lower leg was the most common location with 78% of PG ulcers occurring there, and 67 (65% of patients) had two or more ulcers at some point. Thirty-five individuals (34%) had inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 21 (20%) had haematological disorders, 14 (14%) had major depression, 20 (19%) had seronegative arthritis, 11 (11%) had psoriasis, and nine (9%) had hepatitis. Therapy was generally multimodal. The mortality rate during the 8-year study period was 16%.We present one of the largest PG case series to date. In our study, we found that biopsy of a PG lesion rarely yielded characteristic features of the disease and tissue pathology should not be used to exclude a PG diagnosis. We also found a female predominance and associations with IBD and haematological disorders. Patients with PG in this series had high rates of depression and hepatitis. Further work is needed to establish the mechanism(s) underlying these findings.
Altered Erythrocytes and a Leaky Block in B-Cell Development in CD24/HSA-Deficient Mice
Authors: P.J. Nielsen, B. Lorenz, A.M. Müller, R.H. Wenger, F. Brombacher, M. Simon, T. von der Weid, J. Langhorne, H. Mossmann, G. Köhler
Journal: Blood (1997)
Most US surgeons in training get needlestick injuries, few report them
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2007)

By the end of their five years of training in general surgery almost every US surgeon has received at least one needlestick injury. The average is about eight, according to an anonymous survey of 699 residents at 17 medical centres published in the New England Journal of Medicine (2007;356:2695-9).

Surgeons in training have more needlestick injuries than attending surgeons, scrub nurses, anaesthetists, and other operating room personnel. They have six times as many needlestick injuries as medical residents.

More than half of the injuries (53%) involved a high risk patient—one with HIV or hepatitis B or C infection or one …
Effects of a growth inhibitor and other factors on the tissue cathepsins of tumor-bearing rats.
Authors: Robert N. Feinstein
Journal: Cancer Research (1950)

1.  The catheptic activity of rat spleen, liver, and tumor (Walker carcinoma 256) has been determined under the influence of a variety of treatments.

2.  In confirmation of earlier work, it is shown that the presence of this tumor causes an increased catheptic activity in the host tissues.

3.  Treatment of tumor-bearing animals with 4-dimethylaminostilbene hydrochloride, a potent tumor growth inhibitor, increases the catheptic activity of the tumor; it also decreases the catheptic activity of the spleen of the starved, tumor-bearing rat, and has a tendency, not mathematically significant, to decrease also the catheptic activity of the liver and spleen of the fed, tumor-bearing rat.

4.  Starvation increases tumor catheptic activity.

5.  Treatment of a starved animal with the stilbene compound further increases the tumor's catheptic activity.
ABC of sexual health: Management of sexual problems
Authors: M. Ramage
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editorial by Adler

Sexual problems present in various ways, many indirect or covert. Patients do not like to come straight to the point. They fear looking stupid by using wrong words, or giving offence by being too explicit, or they have no way of conceptualising what it is that is wrong. A doctor can find himself or herself fumbling around in a slightly mad conversation in which nobody understands what is being said. A common language needs to be established first, particularly in sexual medicine, followed by a good history and a careful examination, if appropriate, before an assessment of relevant management can be made. Recurrent gynaecological or urological complaints, insomnia, depression, joint pains, and other symptoms have all been used as covert presentations of sexual problems.

   ![][1] 

Man, Woman and Fish by Emily Young

#### Useful guides

##### Videos

The mature couple's guide to love and intimacy . In the series Sex, a lifelong pleasure . London: Visual Corporation (tel: 01371 873 138)

Lovers' guide (a series introduced by Dr Andrew Stanway). London: Carlton Home Entertainment (tel: 0181 207 6207)

##### Books

Zilbergeld B. Men and sex: a guide to sexual fulfilment . London: Fontana, 1986

Brown P, Faulder C. Treat yourself to sex . London: Penguin, 1989

Litvinoff S. Relate guide to loving relationships . London: Ebury Press, 1992

Eid JF, Pearce CA. Making love again. Regaining sexual potency through the new injection treatment . New York: Brunner Maazel, 1993

Quilliam S. Your sexual self . London: Cassell, 1997

Once the presence of a sexual problem has been established, its severity and importance to the patient need to be understood before the most appropriate course of management can be offered. This can vary from straightforward education, by simply giving accurate information, to referral for psychiatric assessment (fortunately very rare). History taking is therefore the paramount skill …

 [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Abstract P6-11-08: Exploring the best therapeutic partner of triple negative breast cancers: Using different characteristics/dependent pathways of triple negative breast cancer cell lines based on subgroups
Authors: Bora Lim, David T Dicker, Leah C Kline, Wafik S El-Deiry
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) still remains as a difficult disease given the abscence of effective treatment modality, despite some success in PARP inhibition in BRCA gene mutation patients. Recently, TNBC was elucidated to be a large group of heterogenic subgroups based on their genetic/proteomic characters. Two main subgroups that consists of greater than 90% of whole TNBC include mesenchymal like (TNMBC) and basal (TNBBC) subgroups. Mesenchymal like subgroup harbor myoepithelial, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition related phenotype, and genetic dependency on growth hormone pathway, higher sensisitivy to death receptor inducing apoptosis pathway, as well as more dependency on PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway. In contrast, basal like subgroup harbor the characteristics that is related to a defective DNA repair system, cell cycles regulation, and interestingly - dependency on RAS-MEK pathway for their survival and growth. Given explosive enrichment of understanding such pathways and enumeration of pathway targeting inhibitors, as well as the ability of timely recognition of biomarkers in patients sample which can differentiate subgroups of TNBC- offer an attractive strategy of novel therapeutics development in this difficult to treat disease. We tested targeting both dependent pathway and core characteristics of TNBC using representative panels of each subgroups: MDA-MB-468, BRCA1KD MCF10A, HCC1937 as in TNBBC panel showed effective killing when various combination of pAkt and PI3K, mTOR inhibitors, CDK1/2 inhibitors, death receptor mediated apoptosis inducing agents were introduced in combination. In contrast TNMBC MDA-MB-231, SUM159,BT549 showed effective killing when pERK and MEK inhibitors, in combination with BMI-1 inhibitors were given. Further elucidation of mechanisms of action in each combinations will further offer the ground of proper combination in subgroups of TNBC that could be further studied in animal model, and finally in clinical development. Citation Format: Bora Lim, David T Dicker, Leah C Kline, Wafik S El-Deiry. Exploring the best therapeutic partner of triple negative breast cancers: Using different characteristics/dependent pathways of triple negative breast cancer cell lines based on subgroups [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-11-08.
TLR2 polymorphisms influence neonatal regulatory T cells depending on maternal atopy
Authors: J. Liu, D. Rädler, S. Illi, E. Klucker, E. Turan, E. von Mutius, M. Kabesch, B. Schaub
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Liu J, Rädler D, Illi S, Klucker E, Turan E, von Mutius E, Kabesch M, Schaub B. TLR2 polymorphisms influence neonatal regulatory T cells depending on maternal atopy. Allergy 2011; 66: 1020–1029. Background: Toll-like receptor (TLR) polymorphisms have been associated with atopic diseases in children and adults. Development of atopic diseases may be modified by TLR-mediated signals that modulate T-regulatory cells (Tregs) early in life when maternal influences are still present and relevant. The aim of this study was to assess whether genetic TLR variants influence Tregs in neonates. Methods: Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms located in TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR6, and TLR10 were genotyped in 200 cord blood samples (72 samples from atopic, 128 from nonatopic mothers). Cord blood mononuclear cells were cultured without or with stimulation [lipid A (LpA), peptidoglycan (Ppg), phytohemagglutinin, house dust mite]. mRNA expression of Treg marker genes [forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3), glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor (GITR), lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3)], TLR2, Th1/Th2 cytokines, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was measured. Results: In children with the AA genotype of the TLR2 promoter variant rs4696480, gene expression of FOXP3 and Treg marker genes GITR and LAG3 as well as Th2 cytokines and TNF-α secretion was significantly increased in the presence of maternal atopy and Tregs decreased without maternal atopy. In carriers of the GG genotype for TLR2 rs1898830, gene expression of Treg marker genes was significantly decreased with and increased without maternal atopy. FOXP3 expression was also modified by TLR1 rs4833095 (P ≤ 0.03) and trendwise by TLR10 rs4129009 after LpA and Ppg stimulation. Conclusions: Genetic variations of TLR2, TLR1, and TLR10 affect Treg marker gene expression in cord blood. Gene-immunological interactions of the TLR pathway influence Tregs early in life, modulated by maternal atopy. This may be relevant for immune maturation in the development of atopic diseases in childhood.
Abstract P088: Obesity, Hypertension and Insulin Resistance in a Primary Pediatric Setting in Southern Italy
Authors: Giampaolo De Filippo, Domenico Rendina, Domenico Viggiano, Antonio Fasolino, Paola Sabatini, Pasquale Strazzullo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Obesity is the main risk factor for essential hypertension (EH) in childhood. The O.Si.Me. study (Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in children and adolescents) evaluated the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its constitutive traits in a sample of obese children and adolescents living in Campania, southern Italy. Patients and methods: Four hundred and fifteen children and adolescents consecutively referred to the National Health Service participating Outpatient Clinics for minor health problems and found to have a Body Mass Index (BMI) Z-score &gt; 2.0 were enrolled in the study. The entire sample was screened for MetS, which was defined as the presence of at least 2 of the following alterations in addition to obesity: fasting hyperglycemia, low levels of high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, hypertriglyceridemia, and EH. The present analysis evaluated the clinical characteristics of the O.Si.Me subgroup of EH participants (systolic and/or diastolic BP ≥ 95 th percentile for age, gender and height) as compared with normotensive participants. Results: The prevalence of EH in the O.Si.Me population was 23.6 % (98/415, 48M and 50F.) and two-thirds of the EH participants met the MetS diagnostic criteria. The EH participants featured serum insulin and HOMA-IR levels significantly higher compared with normotensive ones (11.6±0.6 vs. 9.5±0.4 μIU/ml, p = 0.014; 2.6±0.1 vs. 2.2±0.1, p = 0.028 for insulin and HOMA-IR, respectively). These differences were common to boys and girls and remained significant after correction for age, pubertal stage, body weight, length, BMI, gestational age at birth, duration of breastfeeding and anthropometric parental parameters. Accordingly, children and adolescents with EH had a a relative risk of being insulin resistant (defined as a HOMA-IR ≥2.5) significantly greater compared to those without. Moreover, they exhibited higher serum creatinine levels (53.8±7.1 vs. 35.4±6.8 μmol/l, p=0.025) accounting for gender and body weight. Conclusions: More than a quarter of obese children and adolescents meet the diagnostic criteria for EH in the Campania region in southern Italy. These obese boys and girls have an increased prevalence of insulin resistance and apparently an initial reduction in renal function compared with obese children and adolescents with normal BP.
A kinase-directed RNAi screen identifies GSK-3b/a as a target to overcome drug resistance of p53-null colon cancer cells
Authors: Emanuela Grassilli, Robert Narloch, Elena Federzoni, Biagio Eugenio Leone, Kristian Helin, Marialuisa Lavitrano
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Evasion from chemotherapy-induced apoptosis strongly contributes to drug resistance and tumor relapse. In particular, p53 loss renders colon carcinoma cells resistant to 5-fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. We have used the 5-fluorouracil-resistant HCT116p53KO colon carcinoma cell line and a kinase-directed retroviral shRNA library to identify kinases whose inactivation reverts resistance to drug-induced apoptosis. In this way we have identified 29 kinases whose downregulation abolished colony growth after 5-fluorouracil treatment. Silencing of these kinases in other drug-resistant p53-null colon cell lines also abolished cellular growth, suggesting that the effect is independent of the genetic background. We focused on GSK-3 since by tissue microarray we found that GSK-3 is overexpressed/activated in tumoral biopsies of infiltrating and invasive colon carcinomas. We demonstrated that GSK-3 silencing in different colon carcinoma cell lines reverts resistance not only to 5-fluorouracil, but also to oxaliplatin and the 2 drugs used in combination. Interestingly, we found that 5-fluorouracil-treated p53-null GSK-3-depleted colon carcinoma cells undergo caspase-independent but PARP-dependent and tBid- and AIF-mediated cell death. Therefore, we propose that GSK-3 is an excellent potential target for the development of anti-cancer therapy. Our results suggest that inhibitors of GSK-3 can be used in combination with chemotherapy to kill cancer cells unable to trigger caspase-dependent apoptosis.
Bright Lu<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>:Eu Thin‐Film Scintillators for High‐Resolution Radioluminescence Microscopy
Authors: Debanti Sengupta, Stuart Miller, Zsolt Marton, Frederick Chin, Vivek Nagarkar, Guillem Pratx
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The performance of a new thin-film Lu2 O3 :Eu scintillator for single-cell radionuclide imaging is investigated. Imaging the metabolic properties of heterogeneous cell populations in real time is an important challenge with clinical implications. An innovative technique called radioluminescence microscopy has been developed to quantitatively and sensitively measure radionuclide uptake in single cells. The most important component of this technique is the scintillator, which converts the energy released during radioactive decay into luminescent signals. The sensitivity and spatial resolution of the imaging system depend critically on the characteristics of the scintillator, that is, the material used and its geometrical configuration. Scintillators fabricated using conventional methods are relatively thick and therefore do not provide optimal spatial resolution. A thin-film Lu2 O3 :Eu scintillator is compared to a conventional 500 μm thick CdWO4 scintillator for radioluminescence imaging. Despite its thinness, the unique scintillation properties of the Lu2 O3 :Eu scintillator allow us to capture single-positron decays with fourfold higher sensitivity, which is a significant achievement. The thin-film Lu2 O3 :Eu scintillators also yield radioluminescence images where individual cells appear smaller and better resolved on average than with the CdWO4 scintillators. Coupled with the thin-film scintillator technology, radioluminescence microscopy can yield valuable and clinically relevant data on the metabolism of single cells.
The role of anxious and hyperthymic temperaments in mental disorders: a national epidemiologic study
Authors: ELIE G. KARAM, MARIANA M. SALAMOUN, JOUMANA S. YERETZIAN, ZEINA N. MNEIMNEH, AIMEE N. KARAM, JOHN FAYYAD, ELIE HANTOUCHE, KAREEN AKISKAL, HAGOP S. AKISKAL
Journal: World Psychiatry (2010)

Temperament has been demonstrated clinically to be linked to mental disorders. We aimed to determine the possible role of temperament in mental disorders in a national epidemiologic study. A nationally representative sample of adults (n=1320) was administered the Lebanese-Arabic version of the Temperament Evaluation of the Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A), and the Arabic CIDI 3.0, as part of the LEBANON study. The association among temperaments and DSM-IV mood, anxiety, and impulse control disorders was assessed. The anxious temperament was shown to be a robust predictor of most disorders, especially within the anxiety and depressive clusters. The hyperthymic temperament had a uniquely protective effect on most mental disorders, with the exception of separation anxiety, bipolar, substance abuse and impulse control disorders. These effects were moderated by age and education. Temperaments, previously largely neglected in epidemiologic studies, could play a major role in the origin of mental disorders.