tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interval and non-compliant breast cancers diagnosed in women aged 50–69 in a Canadian breast cancer screening program: Clinical-pathologic correlations
Authors: D. Rayson, M. Abdolell, J. Payne, T. J. Foley, T. Younis, P. J. Barnes, R. F. MacIntosh, J. Caines
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21060 Background: Assessment of interval breast cancers and screening compliance are important parameters in the assessment of any comprehensive breast screening program. Clinical-pathologic examination of interval cancers may also be helpful in understanding differences between screen-detected and interval disease. The Nova Scotia Breast Screening Program (NSBSP) was founded in 1991 and, as of Jan 2007, 86,071 women aged 50–69 have entered the program, with 255,350 screening examinations completed. Methods: The Mammography Information System and Diagnostic Reporting System databases were used to identify all interval (diagnosed after a negative screen and before the recommended next screen) and non-compliant (diagnosed after a negative screen and after the recommended next screen) invasive breast cancer diagnoses. Unpaired t-tests were used to compare age at diagnosis, detection time and tumor size and the Chi- square test was used to compare the odds ratio of nodal involvement between interval and non-compliant cases. Results: A total of 1,189 screen-detected, 309 interval and 260 non-compliant invasive breast cancers were diagnosed amongst program participants aged 50–69 over this time period. Mean values (standard deviation, SD) for interval vs. non-compliant cases were; age at diagnosis 58.8 (SD=5.6) vs. 59.6 (SD=5.9) years (p=0.113); time to detection from last screen 363.9 (SD=187.6) vs. 1296 (SD=868.4) days (p&lt;0.0001); tumor size 15.9 (SD=15.0) vs. 14.6 (SD=14.7) mms. (p=0.342). The incidence of nodal involvement in interval vs. non-compliant breast cancers was 32% and 23.5% respectively resulting in an odds ratio of 1.54, p=0.023. Conclusions: Interval and non-compliant breast cancers made up a significant proportion of all invasive cancers diagnosed amongst program participants. The finding of more cases having involved nodes at diagnosis despite no significant difference in mean age at diagnosis or tumor size suggests that interval disease may have a more aggressive phenotype. Data on tumor grade, lymphovascular invasion, hormone receptor status and HER2/neu over-expression are being collected. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Detection of IFN-γ responses for diagnosis of tuberculosis infection in chronic inflammatory disease patients
Authors: Irene Latorre, Sonia Minguez, Marta Vilavella, Jessica Diez, Jose Manuel Carrascosa, Cristina Prat, Lourdes Mateo, Eugeni Domenech, Vicente Ausina, Carlos Ferrandiz, Jose Dominguez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective: Determine IFN-γ responses for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) diagnosis in chronic inflammatory disease patients.

Material and methods: 89 chronic inflammatory disease patients were classified in 3 groups. Group 1: 53 patients with rheumatic diseases scheduled for anti-TNF-α treatment. Group 2: 23 psoriasis patients, 39.1% were receiving biologic treatments, and 43.5% classic systemic treatments. Group 3: 13 patients with Crohn disease, treated with immunosuppressors. TST was done in all cases. We determined IFN-γ production with Quantiferon-TB Gold In Tube (QFN) and T-SPOT.TB (TS.TB).

Results: Group 1: TS.TB, QFN and TST were positive in 20.8%, 17% and 13.2% respectively. We obtained 4 QFN indeterminate results (7.5%) and 2 for TS.TB (3.8%), in all cases TST was negative and corresponded with patients receiving corticoids. Concordance (κ) between TS.TB and QFN was 0.562. Group 2: TS.TB and QFN were positive in 17.14% of the cases. In contrast, TST was positive in 21.74%. Five patients were documented with a previous positive TST. Therefore, when we analyzed patients with IFN-γ assays and TST performed simultaneously, TS.TB and QFN were positive in 5.6% and TST negative in all cases. Concordance between TS.TB and QFN was 100% Group 3: The three assays were negative in all cases. We observed one TS.TB indeterminate result (7.7%) and 2 for QFN (15.4%), corresponding with patients receiving azathioprine.

Conclusions: Concordance between both IFN-γ assays was good.

Indeterminate results were higher in those patients with Crohn disease.

IFN-γ assays, in combination with TST, are useful for the diagnosis of LTBI in patients with inflammatory diseases.
Influence of Chemotherapeutic Agents on the Antibacterial Activity of Normal and Leukemic Sera2
Authors: W. Pruzanski, S. Saito
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

The influence of various chemotherapeutic agents on the antibacterial activity of normal and leukemic sera was tested by bacteriolytic and bactericidal assays with use of 2 rough strains of Escherichia coli, one sensitive to the antlbacterlal activity of human serum and another resistant to such action. With a “low” dose of drugs, daunorublcine, mechlorethamine, and methotrexate slightly inhibited early stages of bacteriolytic activity of normal human serum against E. coli Lilly. With a "high" dose of drugs, mechlorethamine, daunorubicine, and cytarabine definitely enhanced early stages of bacteriolytic activity. Enhancement of bactericidal activity of normal human serum against E. coli Lilly was achieved by admixture with 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea (SCN.U, carmustine) fluorouracil, methotrexate, vincrisUne, cytarabine, and prednisone. There was no enhancement of antibacterial activity by any drug against E. coli resistant to the action of normal human serum. Preincubation of E. coli Lilly with various drugs indicated that their enhancing activity was not expressed when the bacterial envelope was intact. Sera of patients receiving cyclophosphamid e intravenously did not differ in antibacterial activity from the samples drawn before the injection. Apparently certain chemotherapeutic agents influence antibacterial activity of the serum in vitro against some microorganisms. This fact should be considered when defense mechanismsof patients with leukemia or cancer are investigated.
Gallium-67 imaging: a predictor of residual tumor viability and clinical outcome in patients with diffuse large-cell lymphoma.
Authors: W D Kaplan, M S Jochelson, T S Herman, L M Nadler, P C Stomper, T Takvorian, J W Andersen, G P Canellos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Durable complete remissions (CRs) can be achieved in patients with diffuse large-cell lymphoma (DLCL) with multidrug chemotherapy. The length of time to reach CR may be predictive of treatment outcome. However, defining CR by chest radiograph or computed tomography (CT) is often difficult since residual abnormalities do not always indicate residual disease. We have prospectively evaluated the ability of gallium-67 citrate (Ga-67) imaging to define residual disease and predict outcome in 37 consecutive patients with DLCL. Patients received 296 to 370 megabecquerels (MBq) Ga-67 and were imaged prior to, following cycles 4 to 6, and at completion of intensive chemotherapy. Ga-67 scan results were correlated with radiographic studies. Seventeen of 37 patients (46%) showed persistent, abnormal Ga-67 uptake halfway through chemotherapy. Of these, four were in CR, 11 were in partial remission (PR), and two showed no change in tumor size. At follow-up, 10 (59%) have died (three who were scored as CR and seven who were in PR halfway through therapy), two are alive with active tumor, one relapsed and survives following bone marrow transplant, and four (three in PR and one in CR at the therapeutic halfway point) are without disease at a median of 28 months from presentation. Of the 20 patients who were Ga-67-negative halfway through therapy, 11 were in CR and nine were in PR. Five of 20 patients (25%) have died. Three, in radiographic CR died at 11, 26, and 28 months, and two in radiographic PR died at 15 and 17 months. One patient is alive with active tumor, and 14 patients (70%) are alive without disease at a median of 34 months from presentation. Ga-67 imaging proved to be an excellent indicator of residual viable tumor; a positive scan halfway through therapy predicted for a poor outcome and may well justify a change in treatment.
Molecular Biology of Neuroblastoma
Authors: John M. Maris, Katherine K. Matthay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE AND RESULTS: Neuroblastoma, the most common solid extracranial neoplasm in children, is remarkable for its clinical heterogeneity. Complex patterns of genetic abnormalities interact to determine the clinical phenotype. The molecular biology of neuroblastoma is characterized by somatically acquired genetic events that lead to gene overexpression (oncogenes), gene inactivation (tumor suppressor genes), or alterations in gene expression. Amplification of the MYCN proto-oncogene occurs in 20% to 25% of neuroblastomas and is a reliable marker of aggressive clinical behavior. No other oncogene has been shown to be consistently mutated or overexpressed in neuroblastoma, although unbalanced translocations resulting in gain of genetic material from chromosome bands 17q23-qter have been identified in more than 50% of primary tumors. Some children have an inherited predisposition to develop neuroblastoma, but a familial neuroblastoma susceptibility gene has not yet been localized. Consistent areas of chromosomal loss, including chromosome band 1p36 in 30% to 35% of primary tumors, 11q23 in 44%, and 14q23-qter in 22%, may identify the location of neuroblastoma suppressor genes. Alterations in the expression of the neurotrophins and their receptors correlate with clinical behavior and may reflect the degree of neuroblastic differentiation before malignant transformation. Alterations in the expression of genes that regulate apoptosis also correlate with neuroblastoma behavior and may help to explain the phenomenon of spontaneous regression observed in a well-defined subset of patients. CONCLUSION: The molecular biology of neuroblastoma has led to a combined clinical and biologic risk stratification. Future advances may lead to more specific treatment strategies for children with neuroblastoma.
Measurement-Based Care Versus Standard Care for Major Depression: A Randomized Controlled Trial With Blind Raters
Authors: Tong Guo, Yu-Tao Xiang, Le Xiao, Chang-Qing Hu, Helen F K Chiu, Gabor S Ungvari, Christoph U Correll, Kelly Y C Lai, Lei Feng, Ying Geng, Yuan Feng, Gang Wang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2015)

The authors compared measurement-based care with standard treatment in major depression.Outpatients with moderate to severe major depression were consecutively randomized to 24 weeks of either measurement-based care (guideline- and rating scale-based decisions; N=61), or standard treatment (clinicians' choice decisions; N=59). Pharmacotherapy was restricted to paroxetine (20-60 mg/day) or mirtazapine (15-45 mg/day) in both groups. Depressive symptoms were measured with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self-Report (QIDS-SR). Time to response (a decrease of at least 50% in HAM-D score) and remission (a HAM-D score of 7 or less) were the primary endpoints. Outcomes were evaluated by raters blind to study protocol and treatment.Significantly more patients in the measurement-based care group than in the standard treatment group achieved response (86.9% compared with 62.7%) and remission (73.8% compared with 28.8%). Similarly, time to response and remission were significantly shorter with measurement-based care (for response, 5.6 weeks compared with 11.6 weeks, and for remission, 10.2 weeks compared with 19.2 weeks). HAM-D scores decreased significantly in both groups, but the reduction was significantly larger for the measurement-based care group (-17.8 compared with -13.6). The measurement-based care group had significantly more treatment adjustments (44 compared with 23) and higher antidepressant dosages from week 2 to week 24. Rates of study discontinuation, adverse effects, and concomitant medications did not differ between groups.The results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of measurement-based care for outpatients with moderate to severe major depression, suggesting that this approach can be incorporated in the clinical care of patients with major depression.
Predictive value of Escherichia coli susceptibility in strains causing asymptomatic bacteriuria for women with recurrent symptomatic urinary tract infections receiving prophylaxis
Authors: M.A.J. Beerepoot, C.D.J. den Heijer, J. Penders, J.M. Prins, E.E. Stobberingh, S.E. Geerlings
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)
Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation and Relationship With Cardiovascular Events, Heart Failure, and Mortality
Authors: Rob A. Vermond, Bastiaan Geelhoed, Niek Verweij, Robert G. Tieleman, Pim Van der Harst, Hans L. Hillege, Wiek H. Van Gilst, Isabelle C. Van Gelder, Michiel Rienstra
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Environmental variables associated with an increased risk of invasive aspergillosis
Authors: C. Garcia-Vidal, C. Royo-Cebrecos, M. Peghin, A. Moreno, I. Ruiz-Camps, C. Cervera, J. Belmonte, C. Gudiol, M. Labori, E. Roselló, J. Puig de la Bellacasa, J. Ayats, J. Carratalà
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Intermediates in Spontaneous and CD95(Fas/APO-1)–Mediated Apoptosis of Neutrophils
Authors: Yoshihito Kasahara, Kazuyuki Iwai, Akihiro Yachie, Kunio Ohta, Akihiro Konno, Hidetoshi Seki, Toshio Miyawaki, Noboru Taniguchi
Journal: Blood (1997)
Effects of Naturally Occurring Sugars on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Growth in Mice 2
Authors: Federico Gonzalez, Harold Amos
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

The growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells in Swiss mice was modified by the addition of certain naturally occurring sugars to the drinking water or by ip inoculation of the mice after infection. d-Mannose, d-ribose, and d-glucosamine produced the most striking antitumor effects, increasing significantly the survival rate in mice so treated.
Role of endothelial dysfunction, disturbance of haemostatic reactions in pathogenesis of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE COPD)
Authors: I.Ya. Tseimakh, A.P. Momot, G.I. Kostjuchenko, T.A. Kornilova, I.P. Kramar, J.A. Filonova, A.G. Chuchalin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Purpose:  It is to research interrelations of endothelial dysfunction, system inflammatory and haemostatic reactions at patients with AE COPD.   Materials and methods:  In open prospective clinical investigation 111 patients with 2 or 3 positive criteria Anthonisen et al. (1987) were included. Men were 91 people (82%), women - 20 people (18%). The smoking index was 37,5±2,06 pack-years. Patients with AE COPD divided on two subgroups: 1st - patients without bronchoectasia, 2nd - patients with bronchoectasia. All patients received therapy by system glucocorticoids. The control group included 35 healthy non-smoking people with middle age 25,9±1,36 years, from them 27 (77,1%) men and 8 (22,9%) women. It was accomplished immuneenzyme definition of CRP, endotelin-1, D-dimers and homocystein maintenance in blood before treatment.   Results:  Direct correlation communication between indexes CRP and endotelin-1 (r=0,80, p   Conclusion:  At patients with AE COPD it is increased levels of D-dimers, which indicates that specifies on thrombogenic and thromboembolic risks.
Passive Local Anaphylaxis: Demonstration of Antitumor Activity and Complementation of Intratumor BCG2
Authors: Neil R. Lynch, Jean-Claude Salomon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Passive Local Anaphylaxis: Demonstration of Antitumor Activity and Complementation of Intratumor BCG Get access Neil R. Lynch, Neil R. Lynch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jean-Claude Salomon Jean-Claude Salomon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 4, April 1977, Pages 1093–1098, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.4.1093 Published: 01 April 1977 Article history Received: 27 July 1976 Accepted: 15 October 1976 Published: 01 April 1977
Is prematurity a risk factor for more severe childhood asthma
Authors: Steve Turner, Anil Mehta, Jon Ayres, Colin Palmer, Somnath Mukhopadhyay
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background

Prematurity is a recognised risk factor for the development of asthma. Our hypothesis was that individuals born prematurely who develop asthma will have worse asthma outcomes compared to those born at term who develop asthma.

Methods

Children with asthma were recruited as part of a cross sectional study. Questionnaires were completed and some attended for spirometry. In a subset, reported gestation was validated against neonatal records. Outcomes of interest were Paediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PAQLQ) score, British Thoracic Society (BTS)treatment step, recent asthma exacerbation and spirometry.

Results

895 children were recruited, mean age 9.5 years, of whom 135 (15%) were premature (ie born before 37 weeks gestation). All premature deliveries (median gestation 34 weeks, range 27-36) were accurately reported and 10% of children born prematurely were actually born at 37-38 weeks. Premature infants were at reduced risk of having parental asthma (odds ratio 0.58 [95% CI 0.36, 0.96]) but not at altered risk for other factors associated with asthma severity. Compared to those born at term, children born prematurely were at increased risk for recent asthma exacerbation (OR 1.57 [95% CI 1.06, 2.31]), requiring BTS step 3-5 asthma treatment (OR 2.08 [95% CI 1.38, 3.13]) and attending secondary care (OR 2.30 [95% CI 1.33, 3.99]). There were no differences in PAQLQ (n=551) score or spirometry(n=169) between children born prematurely and at term.

Conclusion

Late-premature delivery is associated with increased severity of asthma and exacerbations but not with altered quality of life. The mechanism for this is not clear but an arrest in airway development in the perinatal period may be relevant.
Long term effect of palivizumab immunization on children born <29w gestation
Authors: Dario Prais, Eytan Kaplan, Gil Klinger, Ephraim Bar-Yishay, Meir Mei Zahav, Huda Mussaffi, Guy Steuer, Lea Sirota, Hannah Blau
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Palivizumab reduces severity of RSV infection in premature infants and may decrease risk for long term respiratory disease.

Aims: To assess the effect of palivizumab on respiratory morbidity at school-age in extreme preemies.

Methods: Infants born <29w gestation were assessed at school age by questionnaire, spirometry, plethysmography, methacholine, bronchodilator response and exhaled nitric oxide. Children born prior to routine palivizumab administration (controls) were age matched and compared to those who had received palivizumab during the 1st RSV season (palivizumab)

Results: 63 subjects aged 8.9±0.7y were included: 30 “palivizumab” and 33 “controls”. Perinatal data (gestational age, birth weight, mechanical ventilation, O-2 support and % BPD) were similar in both groups.

During 1st 2y, recurrent wheezing was reported in 86% for “palivizumab” children vs. 73% “controls” (p=0.2, NS). However, a major difference was found in hospital admissions with respiratory diagnoses: 10 vs. 32 respectively (p=0.001); 33% vs. 70% were hospitalized at least once (p=0.005).

Pulmonary function (% predicted) (mean±SD) was good in both groups: FVC 89±11 vs 89±12, FEV1 84±11 vs 84±13, FEF25-75 76±29 vs 78±28; TLC 105±13 vs 101±14; FeNO 13.5±14.8 vs 10.7±6.7 ppb (p=NS for all parameters). There was no difference in bronchial hyperreactivity at school age.

Subgroups of patients born <26w gestation or those with BPD were no different, when comparing “palivizumab” and “control” groups

Conclusions : in our cohort, palivizumab dramatically reduced the number of hospitalizations during the first 2y of life, but no significant effect was observed on lung function at school age which was good for both cohorts.
Late neurological complications after prophylactic cranial irradiation in patients with small-cell lung cancer: the Toronto experience.
Authors: M Lishner, R Feld, D G Payne, U Sagman, J P Sculier, J F Pringle, J L Yeoh, W K Evans, F A Shepherd, E Maki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

We retrospectively analyzed the charts of 58 long-term survivors of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) (greater than 2 years) for neurological complications and their impact on the well-being of these patients. We also attempted to have patients complete a questionnaire regarding any possible neurological problems. This was done in 14 patients. Metastasis to the CNS occurred significantly less often in patients who received prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in a dose of 20 Gy in five equal fractions (two of 48), compared with patients who did not receive it (four of 10) (P less than .006). Delayed neurological complications occurred in nine of 48 (19%) patients who received PCI. However, in only two patients did PCI appear to be responsible for progressive dementia. In the other seven patients (one with weakness in the arms and legs, one with transient left hemiparesis, two with hearing loss, and three with various visual disturbances), chemotherapeutic agents (mainly cisplatin and vincristine) and underlying diseases probably contributed significantly to the occurrence of these complications. In addition, these neurological disturbances were transient or ran a stable course and did not adversely affect the daily life of these patients. In comparison, amongst the 10 patients who did not receive PCI one had progressive dementia and another had hemiparesis secondary to probable brain embolism. We conclude that the use of PCI in these doses was effective in reducing the frequency of CNS metastases and had an adverse effect on the daily life and well-being only in a minority of the patients. Until results of controlled randomized studies show otherwise, PCI should continue to be used as a part of the combined modality treatment of completely responding patients with limited SCLC.
Accuracy of Sparse Temporal and Spatial Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Sampling with Velocity-Encoded MRI: Validation in Patients with Marfan Syndrome
Authors: Eleanore S Kroner, Rob van der Geest, Arthur Scholte, Hildo Lamb, Hans-Marc Siebelink, Barbara Mulder, Ernst Van der Wall, Albert de Roos, Johan Reiber, Jos Westenberg
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Ganglioside GD2 specific monoclonal antibody 3F8: a phase I study in patients with neuroblastoma and malignant melanoma.
Authors: N K Cheung, H Lazarus, F D Miraldi, C R Abramowsky, S Kallick, U M Saarinen, T Spitzer, S E Strandjord, P F Coccia, N A Berger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

The murine IgG3 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 3F8, specific for the ganglioside GD2, activates human complement, is active in antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and can target specifically to human neuroblastoma in patients with metastatic disease. In a phase I study, 3F8 was administered intravenously (IV) to 17 patients with metastatic GD2 positive neuroblastoma or malignant melanoma at doses of 5, 20, 50, and 100 mg/m2. Serum 3F8 levels achieved were proportional to the dose of 3F8 infused. However, serum antimouse antibody levels did not increase with the amount of 3F8 administered. Toxicities included pain, hypertension, urticaria, and complement depletion. All acute side effects were controllable with symptomatic therapy. No long-term side effects were detected in patients observed for more than 14 months. None of the 17 patients received any antitumor therapy postantibody treatment. Antitumor responses occurred in seven of 17 patients. These ranged from complete clinical remissions to mixed responses. The murine monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 3F8 has clinical utility for the diagnosis and therapy of neuroblastoma and melanoma.