tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3027: Plasma microRNA as a potential marker for breast cancer detection
Authors: Enders K.O. Ng, Candy Leung, Stephanie Au, Aaron Chan, Chris Wong, Edmond Ma, Roberta Pang, Daniel Chua, KM Chu, WL Law, Ronnie TP Poon, Ava Kwong
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Recently, the emergence of small non-protein-coding RNAs, so-called microRNAs (miRNAs), playing important roles in oncogenesis has opened new opportunities for early cancer diagnosis. We have previously shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) in plasma are promising biomarkers for colorectal cancer detection. Here, we investigated whether plasma miRNAs could discriminate patients with and without breast cancer (BC). Methods: Using TaqMan-based low density miRNA array, miRNAs were profiled from cancerous and adjacent non-cancerous breast tissues, corresponding plasma of 5 BC patients, along with plasma from 5 healthy controls. Marker selection and validation were performed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR on a small set of plasma. Independent set of plasma from 80 BC patients, 20 gastric cancer, 20 lung cancer, 20 colorectal cancer, 20 hepatocellular carcinoma and 50 healthy controls were further validated. Results: Of the panel of 377 miRNAs analyzed, 8 miRNAs (miR-16, miR-21, miR-27a, miR-141, miR-191, miR-200c, miR-210, miR-451) were up-regulated both in plasma and tissue samples of 5 BC patients. All 8 putative miRNA markers were validated on the plasma of 15 BC patients and 15 healthy controls. Only three miRNAs were significantly elevated in this cohort of BC patients (p&amp;lt;0.0005). The plasma levels of the three markers in those 15 BC patients were significantly reduced after surgery (p&amp;lt;0.05). Further validation with an independent set of plasma samples (n=210) indicated that two markers differentiate BC from normal subjects, colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma and lung cancer. These two markers yielded a combined receiver operating characteristic curve area of 88.5%, the sensitivity was 92% and the specificity was 72% in discriminating BC from control subjects. Conclusions: Plasma miRNAs significantly elevated in BC patients are identified. This can be a novel noninvasive molecular marker for BC screening. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3027.
Effects of coronary artery reperfusion on myocardial infarct size and survival in conscious dogs.
Authors: K L Baughman, P R Maroko, S F Vatner
Journal: Circulation (1981)

The effects of coronary artery reperfusion at 1 and 3 hours after coronary artery occlusion were examined on myocardial infarct size and survival in conscious dogs. Left circumflex coronary artery occlusion was induced by inflating an hydraulic occluder and confirmed thereafter by measuring the absence of coronary blood flow. Of the 77 dogs that underwent coronary artery occlusion, 18 died within 1 hour. Of the 59 remaining dogs, permanent coronary artery occlusion was carried out in 31 dogs, 12 underwent reperfusion after 1 hour and 16 underwent reperfusion after 3 hours. Survival at 1 week was enhanced significantly (p &lt; 0.01) by reperfusion carried out at either 1 or 3 hours; only 29% of dogs with permanent coronary artery occlusion survived, whereas 83% and 75% of dogs survived 1 week with reperfusion at 1 hour and 3 hours, respectively. Average infarct size at 1 week was smaller in dogs with reperfusion (NS). The inability to reach statistical significance was most likely the result of two factors: (1) There was a marked variation in infarct size in dogs with permanent coronary artery occlusion--infarcts averaged 21.3 +/- 7.5% and ranged from 0.7-72.6% of the left ventricle. (2) Dogs that died 1-7 days after coronary artery occlusion had significantly (p &lt; 0.05) larger infarcts (40 +/- 4% of left ventricle) than those that survived 1 week in any of the three groups. Thus, if all dogs had survived 1 week, a beneficial effect on infarct size could have been demonstrated. Nevertheless, coronary artery reperfusion at either 1 or 3 hours after coronary artery occlusion induces a striking beneficial effect on survival, which is of the utmost clinical significance.
Patients' and doctors' attitudes to amount of information given after unintended injury during treatment: cross sectional, questionnaire survey
Authors: M. Hingorani, T. Wong, G. Vafidis
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The rigid, stimulus-bound nature of drug seeking that characterizes Substance-use disorder (SUD) has been related to a dysregulation of motivational and early attentional reflexive and inhibitory reflective systems. However, the mechanisms by which these systems are engaged by drug-paired conditioned stimuli CSs) when they promote the enactment of seeking habits in individuals with a SUD have not been elucidated. The present study aimed behaviorally and electrophysiologically to characterize the nature of the interaction between the reflexive and reflective systems recruited by CSs in individuals with a smoking habit. For this, we measured the behavioral performance and associated ERPs of 20 individuals with a smoking habit and 20 controls, who never smoked regularly, in a modified Go/NoGo task during which smoking-related CSs, appetitive, and neutral pictures, presented either in first-person or as a third-person visual perspective were displayed 250 ms before the Go/NoGo cue. We show that smoking-related cues selectively influence early incentive motivation-related attentional bias (N2 after picture onset), motor readiness and behavioral inhibition (Go-P3, NoGo-P3 and Pc) of individuals with a smoking habit only when presented from a first-person perspective. These data together identify the neural signature of the aberrant engagement of the reflexive and reflective systems during the recruitment of an incentive habit by CSs presented as if they had been response-produced, i.e., as conditioned reinforcers.
XVII. Medical Education: Elitisms and Reform
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1983)

By the mid-1840s state legislatures had abandoned all regulation of medical practice in the United States. Virtually anyone could practice medicine, and no organization, private or public, could prevent him. Completely open competition—truly free enterprise—prevailed. For many physicians this situation threatened economic disaster. A relatively small number of practitioners, including some of the most prominent, felt that only by banding together could they achieve a "protection of their interest."<sup>1</sup> Some 45 years later John Shaw Billings provided a clearer perspective on the events of the 1840s.<sup>2</sup>In a free country, Billings pointed out, "everyone should have the right to follow any occupation he likes." But almost everyone "wants to make an exception of his own occupation." He is "in favor of free trade in the abstract—and of limitation in regard to his own particular trade." This limitation would "prevent competition" in that particular field. Billings insisted that medicine
P217 PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM OF HEME OXYGENASE-1 BIASES ITS POTENCY TO SUPPRESS HCV REPLICATION BUT DOES NOT IMPACT ITS HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS
Authors: J. Kah, T. Volz, M. Luetgehetmann, G. Tiegs, A.W. Lohse, G. Sass, M. Dandri
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
An Investigation on the Psychopathology of Pica and Hypochromic Anemia
Authors: G. Koptagel, F. Reimann
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1973)

The psychopathology of pica and its relationship with hypochromic anemia has been investigated on 22 hypochromic anemic patients with pica and compared with 9 hypochromic anemic patients without pica. The results obtained from the psychiatric investigations have led to the following conclusions: The neurotic personality structure and the preoedipal fixation with an emphasis of orality, found in these cases, act as a predisposing factor for the manifestation of pica. The stress caused by the actual state of hunger due to sociocultural and socioeconomical deprivations, as well as by the personal psychological conflict situations and by the organic stress of the hypochromic anemia, lead to an ego regression in the neurotic personality structure, resulting in pica, a symptom of oral perversion.
Hematological abnormalities in patients with distal renal tubular acidosis and hemoglobinopathies
Authors: Sookkasem Khositseth, Apiwan Sirikanaerat, Siri Khoprasert, Sauwalak Opastirakul, Pornchai Kingwatanakul, Wanna Thongnoppakhun, Pa‐thai Yenchitsomanus
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Mutations of the human SLC4A1 gene encoding erythroid and kidney isoforms of anion exchanger 1 (AE1, band 3) result in erythrocyte abnormalities or distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) and such mutations are observed in Southeast Asia, where hemoglobinopathies are prevalent. Genetic and hematological studies in 18 Thai patients with dRTA have shown that 12 of them (67%) carried SLC4A1 mutations (7 G701D/G701D, 3 SAO/G701D, and 2 G701D/A858D). Of these 12 patients, three had homozygous G701D/G701D and heterozygous Hb E; one compound heterozygous SAO/G701D and heterozygous alpha(+)-thalassemia; and one compound heterozygous G701D/A858D and heterozygous Hb E. Of 6 patients without SLC4A1 mutation, two each carried heterozygous or homozygous Hb E and one of the latter also had Hb H disease (--(SEA)/-alpha(4.2)). The blood smears of patients with homozygous G701D/G701D showed approximately 25% ovalocytes. Strikingly, the patients with coexistence of homozygous G701D/G701D and heterozygous Hb E had 58% ovalocytes. Similarly, the patients who had compound heterozygous SAO/G701D showed 49% ovalocytes, but the patient with coexistence of compound heterozygous SAO/G701D and heterozygous alpha(+)-thalassemia had 70% ovalocytes. Our previous study has shown that under metabolic acidosis, the patients with homozygous G701D/G701D or compound heterozygous SAO/G701D had reticulocytosis, indicating compensated hemolysis. A patient with compound heterozygous SAO/G701D and heterozygous alpha(+)-thalassemia presented with hemolytic anemia and hepatosplenomegaly which was alleviated by alkaline therapy. Taken together, the coexistence of both homozygous or compound heterozygous SLC4A1 mutations and hemoglobinopathy has a combined effect on red cell morphology and degree of hemolytic anemia, which is aggravated by acidosis.
Cutaneous and cerebral haemangiomas associated with eruptive angiokeratomas
Authors: L. OSTLERE, Y. HART, K.J. MISCH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

We report a patient with multiple cutaneous and cerebral haemangiomas associated with angiokeratomas. As far as we are aware this patient is unique as the association of cutaneous and cerebral haemangiomas with angiokeratomas has not been previously described.
French court jails anti-abortion doctor
Authors: C. Court
Journal: BMJ (1996)

For the first time in France, a doctor has been sent to jail for participating in an antiabortion demonstration and interrupting work in a hospital. But, as France marks the 40th anniversary of the introduction of family planning, pro-life activists continue to challenge the law authorising voluntary abortions.

Dr Xavier Dor, who is president of an anti-abortion association, …
The Respiratory Depressant Action of N-Allylnormorphine in the Normal Subject and in Patients with Respiratory Acidosis Secondary to Pulmonary Emphysema
Authors: S. M. Tenney, J. C. Mithoefer, D. L. Hutchins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

N-ALLYLNORMORPHINE (Nalline), a substance that has been amply shown to counter-act the respiratory depression caused by morphine and related compounds, has received little attention as a respiratory depressant in its own right. Eckenhoff et al.1 demonstrated in 5 normal subjects that Nalline alone caused depression in respiratory minute volume but had little effect on the rate of breathing. This observation is important in the light of the recent suggestion that Nalline may be useful in combating the respiratory depression in severe respiratory acidosis not related to drug intoxication.2 The present report is an analysis of the respiratory effects of small . . .
Postsynaptic Induction and PKA-Dependent Expression of LTP in the Lateral Amygdala
Authors: Yan-You Huang, Eric R Kandel
Journal: Neuron (1998)

Whereas much is now known about the behavioral importance of the lateral nucleus of the amygdala for the storage of implicit memories of fear, little is known in molecular terms about the signal transduction pathways required for long-term potentiation (LTP) in this nucleus. Using brain slices containing the amygdala, we have studied LTP in the pathway from external capsule to the lateral nucleus, a pathway that mediates information from the auditory cortex important for fear conditioning. We found the induction of LTP is postsynaptic; it is dependent on postsynaptic depolarization, on the influx of Ca2+ into the postsynaptic cell and, at least in part, on the activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. The LTP is associated with a decrease of paired-pulse facilitation (PPF) and is blocked by bath application but not blocked by postsynaptic injection of inhibitors of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate–dependent (cAMP-dependent) protein kinase (PKA). Consistent with the possibility that the expression might involve PKA presynaptically, the adenylyl cyclase activator forskolin induced synaptic potentiation of this pathway that also was associated with a decrease of PPF, and this potentiation occluded the tetanus-induced LTP.
Prevalence of a Tertiary Gleason Grade and Its Impact on Adverse Histopathologic Parameters in a Contemporary Radical Prostatectomy Series
Authors: Hendrik Isbarn, Sascha A. Ahyai, Felix K.H. Chun, Lars Budäus, Thorsten Schlomm, Georg Salomon, Mario Zacharias, Andreas Erbersdobler, Jens Köllermann, Guido Sauter, Hartwig Huland, Markus Graefen, Thomas Steuber
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Rates of Pneumonia During Influenza Epidemics in Seattle, 1964 to 1975
Authors: Hjordis M. Foy
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Influenza A epidemics were associated with a doubling to tripling of pneumonia rates among adult members of a prepaid medical care group studied between 1963 and 1975. Rates of influenza A associated with pneumonia increased with age. Influenza B epidemics did not have a similar effect. Overall pneumonia rates were highest in children younger than 5 years, but in this age group, other respiratory viruses dominated as causative agents. Influenza A and B epidemics were not always synchronized with those reported for the United States, and rates of influenza A infection varied between urban and suburban areas in sequential epidemics. In 1974, a year practically free from influenza A, a prolonged Mycoplasma pneumoniae epidemic kept rates of pneumonia high, especially during the summer.
Regional Myocardial function in the conscious dog during acute coronary occlusion and responses to morphine, propranolol, nitroglycerin, and lidocaine.
Authors: P Theroux, J Ross, D Franklin, W S Kemper, S Sasyama
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Regional myocardial function following occlusions of the circumflex coronary artery was studied in unanesthetized dogs using minature ultrasonic crystal pairs implanted subendocardially within the left ventricle for measurement of control, marginal, and ischemic lengths. As early as five beats after coronary occlusion, reduced function was apparent in ischemic zones, and an increase in heart rate occurred (78 to 115 beats/min) at an average of 25 sec. In the control zones, shortening initially increased from a constant end-diastolic length, but later end-diastolic length also increased by 7.5%. Shortening in the marginal zones was reduced by 50% at 90 sec as holosystolic expansion developed in the ischemic zones. On reperfusion, systolic function returned to normal within a few minutes while protodiastolic abnormalities persisted for up to 45 min. With coronary occlusions longer than two minutes most dogs exhibited arousal and further tachycardia; this reaction was prevented by morphine. During two minute occlusions morphine also decreased the heart rate increase by 37%, and marginal segment shortening was improved by 40%. Prior administration of propranolol also decreased heart rate during coronary occlusion and produced similar improvement in marginal segment function; however, in contrast to morphine, there was depression of contraction in the control segments. Nitroglycerin given during coronary occlusion caused decreases in end-diastolic length of all segments and increased shortening in the marginal segment by 28%. Lidocaine administered during coronary occlusion produced a mild depression of myocardial function in all regions of the heart.
Lovastatin inhibits proliferation of rat mesangial cells.
Authors: M P O'Donnell, B L Kasiske, Y Kim, D Atluru, W F Keane
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Products of intracellular mevalonate metabolism are essential for cell growth and proliferation. Lovastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, blocks the formation of mevalonate and its metabolites, and has been shown to inhibit proliferation of several cell types. In vivo, lovastatin has reduced mesangial cellularity and glomerular injury in experimental renal disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of lovastatin on DNA replication and proliferation in rat glomerular mesangial cells. Growth-arrested mesangial cells were exposed to medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum to stimulate mitogenesis. Lovastatin (1-20 microM) caused a significant (P < 0.05) dose-dependent reduction in DNA synthesis ([3H]thymidine incorporation) which was completely prevented in the presence of exogenous mevalonate (100 microM). Lovastatin (1 microM) inhibited cell proliferation by 90% over a 5-d period, and this was largely overcome by added mevalonate. Exogenous low density lipoprotein (100 micrograms/ml) did not prevent lovastatin inhibition of DNA synthesis. The isoprenoid end product isopentenyl adenine (5 or 50 microM) had little effect on DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in lovastatin-blocked cells. By contrast, the isoprenoid farnesol (5 microM) largely prevented lovastatin inhibition of DNA synthesis. We conclude that mevalonate metabolism is essential for mesangial cell proliferation, possibly through the production of the isoprenoid farnesol. Moreover, the action of lovastatin to reduce experimental glomerular injury may involve a direct effect on mesangial cells.
Cancer Drug Target
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunohistological study of entheses in spondyloarthropathies: comparison in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis
Authors: L Laloux
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

To determine which inflammatory cell types are present in entheses from patients with spondyloarthropathy (SpA) compared with patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA).Enthesis specimens were obtained during orthopaedic procedures in eight patients with SpA, four with RA, and three with OA. After decalcification, the lymphocyte subsets (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20) in the bone marrow component of each enthesis were measured by an immunohistochemical technique.Oedema and an inflammatory infiltrate were present in all the SpA specimens, being clearly predominant in the bone marrow component of the entheses. The density of all cell types in the bone marrow was significantly higher in the SpA group than in the two other groups. The cell type CD3+ showed the greatest difference between the SpA and RA groups, being increased fivefold in the SpA group. Within the SpA group, CD3+ cells were considerably more numerous than CD20+ cells-a difference from the RA group-and the predominant T cells were CD8+.Persistent oedema with an inflammatory infiltrate composed predominantly of CD8+ cells was noted in the entheses of patients with SpA, being predominant in the bone marrow. These results suggest that CD8+ cells may have a key role in local inflammation in SpAs.
Tumor-targeted Nanobullets: Anti-EGFR nanobody-liposomes loaded with anti-IGF-1R kinase inhibitor for cancer treatment
Authors: Roy van der Meel, Sabrina Oliveira, Isil Altintas, Rob Haselberg, Joris van der Veeken, Rob C. Roovers, Paul M.P. van Bergen en Henegouwen, Gert Storm, Wim E. Hennink, Raymond M. Schiffelers, Robbert J. Kok
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Thymidylate Synthase Protein Expression by IHC and Gene Copy Number by SISH Correlate and Show Great Variability in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Murry W. Wynes, Krzysztof Konopa, Shalini Singh, Bernadette Reyna-Asuncion, James Ranger-Moore, Adam Sternau, Daniel C. Christoph, Rafal Dziadziuszko, Jacek Jassem, Fred R. Hirsch
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
FOUR PHASE BONE SCAN IMAGING TO PREDICT SKIN ULCER HEALING IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASE
Authors: N. Alazraki, P. F. Lawrence, J. B. Syverud, F. Datz, A. Taylor
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Departments of Radiology/Nuclear Medicine and Surgery, VA Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT and University of Utah School of Medicine.
Location, location, location…site-specific GPCR phosphorylation offers a mechanism for cell-type-specific signalling
Authors: Andrew B. Tobin, Adrian J. Butcher, Kok Choi Kong
Journal: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences (2008)

It is now established that most of the approximately 800 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are regulated by phosphorylation in a process that results in the recruitment of arrestins, leading to receptor desensitization and the activation of arrestin-dependent processes. This generalized view of GPCR regulation, however, does not provide an adequate mechanism for the control of tissue-specific GPCR signalling. Here, we review the evidence that GPCR phosphorylation is, in fact, a flexible and dynamic regulatory process in which GPCRs are phosphorylated in a unique manner that is associated with the cell type in which the receptor is expressed. In this scenario, phosphorylation offers a mechanism of regulating the signalling outcome of GPCRs that can be tailored to meet a specific physiological role.