tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE AUTOPLASTIC OVARIAN GRAFT AND ITS CLINICAL VALUE
Authors: B. Whitehouse
Journal: BMJ (1913)

I~~~MEIA_ORA 8 uterus.The peritoneal flaps were stitched together, the cavity carefully dried, and the abdominal wound closed.She made an uninterrupted recovery and went home at the end of a fortnight.On slitting the uterus up a mass of sloughing tissue was seen half embedded in the wall, and half projecting into the uterine cavity.It was about the size of a small Tangerine orange.The half of the uterus containing the sloughing tumour was sent to the Clinical Research Associa- tion, and the following report was furnished: "This is a malignant growth arising in the endometrium and having the characters of a round-celled sarcoma.It is made up of rather large cells enclosed in a delicate stroma with thin-walled vessels, and is infiltrating the muscle.It is 'not in the least like a fibromyoma."
LONG-TERM SURVIVAL FOLLOWING MULTIVESSEL VERSUS SINGLE-VESSEL PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS IN THE CONTEMPORARY DRUG-ELUTING STENT ERA
Authors: Joseph M. Lee, S. Chiu Wong, Robert M. Minutello, Geoffrey Bergman, Issam Moussa, Dmitriy N. Feldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Making prison health care more efficient
Authors: Niyi Awofeso
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Inmates need more organised and more preventive health care in emptier prisons 

T he cost of providing prison health services has been debated since 1774, when the Health of Prisoners Act was passed by the British parliament.1 That debate continues now, although measuring how much taxpayers spend on prisoners is notoriously difficult. Nevertheless, the annual median cost of incarcerating a prisoner in secure custody in 2003-4 was about $28 000 (£15 800, €23 400) per state prisoner in the United States,2 $45 000 in Australia,3 and $53 000 in Britain.4 w1 US state prisoners' annual healthcare costs averaged 12% of total costs (around $3350). With rising rates of incarceration,w2 increasing public support for penal policies,w3 greater needs among inmates for health care,5 and limited budgets,w4 prison health care is becoming harder to fund adequately.

In September 2002, the British government announced that it would transfer budgetary responsibility …
TCT-772 Correlation Of Corevalve Implantation Depth With The Observed Post-Implantation Aortic Regurgitation And It’s Impact On Necessity For Additional Intra-Procedural Techniques
Authors: Manolis Vavuranakis, Konstantinos Kalogeras, Maria Kariori, Dimitrios A. Vrachatis, Carmen Moldovan, Evangelia Bei, Maria Lavda, Gerasimos Siasos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Prevalence of gallbladder disease among persons with hepatitis C virus infection in the United States
Authors: Edmund J. Bini, John McGready
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Although cirrhosis is a known risk factor for gallstones, little is known about gallbladder disease (GBD) in individuals with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We determined the association between chronic HCV infection and GBD in a representative sample of adults in the United States. Data on HCV infection and GBD were available for 13,465 persons 20 to 74 years of age who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The presence of GBD (gallstones or cholecystectomy) was determined using abdominal ultrasonography, and HCV infection was assessed via a positive HCV antibody test and a positive HCV RNA test. Overall, 1.6% of adults (95% CI, 1.1-2.1) had chronic HCV infection and 12.5% (95% CI, 11.3-13.7) had GBD. After adjusting for potential confounding variables, the odds of gallstones (OR = 3.20; 95% CI, 1.08-9.45) and cholecystectomy (OR = 4.57; 95% CI, 1.57-13.27) among HCV-positive men was significantly higher compared with HCV-negative men. In contrast, the adjusted odds of gallstones (OR = 2.55; 95% CI, 0.58-11.25) and cholecystectomy (OR = 0.70; 95% CI, 0.21-2.37) among HCV-positive women was not significantly higher. The odds of GBD increased significantly with the severity of liver disease as assessed via elevated serum bilirubin levels and low levels of serum albumin and platelets. In conclusion, chronic HCV infection was strongly associated with GBD among men but not women in the United States, and GBD was more common in adults with severe liver disease.
Starch Granulomatosis of the Peritoneum
Authors: J. Neely, J. D. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Starch glove powder is used extensively by surgeons in Britain and is generally considered innocuous so that precautions to prevent granuloma formation, previously taken when talc glove powder was in use, are now neglected. Reported here are five cases of starch granulomatosis of the peritoneum occurring over a period of a few months. This condition requires reoperation within a limited time for its diagnosis and may be confused macroscopically with disseminated malignant disease or tuberculosis or may simply cause adhesions. Recognition is dependent on a high degree of suspicion by both surgeon and histopathologist, as special histological techniques may be necessary. Consequently, it is only in a minority of the florid cases that a diagnosis is made, and the condition would appear to be much more common than is generally realized. A plea is made for scrupulous care to avoid starch powder contamination of the operative field.
Asthma And Proinflammatory Conditions: A Population-based Retrospective Matched Cohort Study
Authors: H. Yun, E. Knoebel, Y. Fenta, S.E. Gabriel, C. Leibson, E.V. Loftus Jr., V. Roger, B. Yawn, B. Li, Y. Juhn
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
One-Year Survival Among Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock, and its Relation to Early Revascularization
Authors: Peter B. Berger, Robert H. Tuttle, David R. Holmes, Eric J. Topol, Philip E. Aylward, John H. Horgan, Robert M. Califf
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Although 30-day survival is increased in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock who undergo coronary revascularization, the longer-term outcome in such patients and the duration of benefit from revascularization are unknown. Methods and Results —We analyzed 30-day survivors of acute myocardial infarction in the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue-Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO-I) trial and identified 36 333 who had not had cardiogenic shock (systolic blood pressure &lt;90 mm Hg for ≥1 hour, group 1) and 1321 patients who had shock (group 2). Group 2 patients were older and sicker. At 1 year, 97.4% of group 1 patients were alive versus 88.0% of group 2 ( P =0.0001). Among group 2 patients, 578 (44%) had undergone revascularization within 30 days (group 2A) and 728 (56%) had not (group 2B). Revascularization was not required by protocol but was selected by the attending physicians. At 1 year, 91.7% of group 2A patients were alive versus 85.3% of group 2B ( P =0.0003). With the use of multivariable logistic regression analysis to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics of shock patients alive at 30 days, revascularization within 30 days was independently associated with reduced 1-year mortality (odds ratio 0.6, [95% confidence interval 0.4, 0.9], P =0.007). Conclusions —Most patients (88%) with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock who are alive at 30 days survived at least 1 year. Shock patients who underwent revascularization within 30 days had improved survival at 1 year compared with shock patients who did not receive revascularization, even after adjustment for differences in baseline characteristics between the 2 groups.
Subvalvular and Apical Left Ventricular Aneurysms in the Bantu as a Source of Systemic Emboli
Authors: E. CHESLER, R. B. K. TUCKER, J. B. BARLOW
Journal: Circulation (1967)

Systemic emboli originating from apical and subvalvular left ventricular aneurysms are described in two Bantu patients. The infrequency of embolism from these aneurysms is probably related to the fact that such aneurysms usually have small ostia. The pertinent literature is reviewed and the similarity between these aneurysms, congenital epicardial cysts, and fibrous diverticula is discussed. It is postulated that these conditions share a common etiology, namely, a congenital weakness in the left ventricular wall in the form of a persistent primitive endothelial-lined channel. The high pressure in the left ventricle converts these channels into fibrous aneurysms with ostia lined by endocardium at the two sites where the ventricular wall is thinnest, namely, the apical and subvalvular areas.
GRANULE-SHEDDING IN TRYPANOSOMA GAMBIENSE
Authors: H. S. Ranken
Journal: BMJ (1912)

tAUG. 24, 1912, doses, but niow very seldomu employ less thian half a grain at a timiie, anid often give as miuchl as two-thirds, tlle equivalent of 60 grains of ipecacuanla, and lhave twice inijected 1-grain doses subcutanieously withiout any vomiting or depression, but suclh a quantity is only required in
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FORTY-SECOND ANNUAL MEETING OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL INVESTIGATION HELD IN ATLANTIC CITY, N. J., MAY 1, 1950
Authors: Thomas Hale Ham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1950)

Hepatic disease is known to cause defective blood coagulation and hemorrhage as a result of hypoprothrombinemia and/or fibrinogenopenia.Evidence is presented, which indicates that two other abnormalities also occur: deficiency of a prothrombin-conversion accessory factor in plasma and of the autocatalytic accelerator in serum.Four patients with severe liver pathology-hepatoma, acute and subacute yellow atrophy, and alcoholic cir- rhosis-showed, in addition to hypoprothrombinemia re- fractory to vitamin K, diminished plasma Labile Factor (L.F.) and decreased serum prothrombin conversion accelerator (SPCA).L.F. varied between 10-50 per cent of normal, and was most depressed in the subject with acute yellow atrophy.In the patient with subacute * Member.
Mortality is still important, and hospital is safer
Authors: R S Settatree
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In the 1993 United Kingdom (except Scotland) inquiry into intrapartum related mortality with a weight at birth of at least 2500 g there were 367 deaths among the 666204 babies born in hospital (1:1815) and 21 among the 10588 babies born at home (1:504). However, only nine of the 21 babies who died and were born at home were planned home births. Over this time an unknown proportion of women who planned a home delivery would have been transferred before birth on the basis of some predicted risk or emergency to hospital, where some of their babies would have died, adding to the mortality for hospital deliveries. Furthermore, a proportion …
Coronary calcification and its relation to extracoronary atherosclerosis in asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic men. The PCV METRA Group.
Authors: J L Megnien, V Sene, S Jeannin, A Hernigou, M C Plainfosse, I Merli, V Atger, N Moatti, J Levenson, A Simon
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND The prevalence of coronary calcifications and extracoronary plaques was studied in patients with asymptomatic hypercholesterolemia. METHODS AND RESULTS Ultrafast computed tomography for coronary calcification (presence or absence: calcium score) and echographic assessment of carotid, aortic, and femoral plaques were performed in 111 hypercholesterolemic men: 65% had coronary calcification, 72% had extracoronary plaque. The two lesions were associated as: 1) compared with subjects without coronary calcification, those with calcification had a higher prevalence of aortic (p less than 0.05) and femoral (p less than 0.01) plaque and of two diseased sites (p less than 0.05); 2) the prevalence of coronary calcification was higher in the presence than in the absence of aortic (p less than 0.05) or femoral (p less than 0.01) plaque and higher in two (p less than 0.01) and three diseased (p less than 0.05) sites than in no diseased site; 3) the calcium score was higher in the presence than in the absence of carotid (p less than 0.05), aortic (p less than 0.05), or femoral (p less than 0.001) plaque, higher in two (p less than 0.001) and three diseased (p less than 0.05) sites than in no diseased sites, and higher in two (p less than 0.01) than in one diseased site; and 4) the calcium score correlated with femoral plaque (p less than 0.001). Overall, the presence of two or three diseased extracoronary sites versus no or one diseased site showed a power of 78% for predicting coronary calcification. Coronary calcium score correlated with age (p less than 0.01) and triglycerides (p less than 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The close relation between coronary calcium and extracoronary plaques suggests that echography of extracoronary vessels could aid in the screening of coronary atherosclerosis in high-risk, asymptomatic individuals.
Mast cells in psoriatic skin are strongly positive for interferon-gamma
Authors: None ACKERMANN, None HARVIMA, None PELKONEN, None RITAMÄKI-SALO, None NAUKKARINEN, None HARVIMA, None HORSMANHEIMO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

The increased number and early activation of cutaneous mast cells is a typical feature of psoriatic inflammation. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) is believed to be one of the important mediators in the cytokine cascade of psoriasis. Human mast cells have been previously reported to release various cytokines upon stimulation including interleukin (IL) -4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha. Here we report that human mast cells synthesize also IFN-gamma at mRNA and protein level and that the number of IFN-gamma producing mast cells is significantly increased in the psoriatic skin. IFN-gamma immunoreactivity in mast cells was demonstrated by staining non-lesional and lesional skin sections from 21 patients with psoriasis. Ten patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and five healthy persons served as control groups. The percentage (mean +/- SD) of IFN-gamma + mast cells in lesional compared with non-lesional psoriatic skin was 67 +/- 18% vs. 44 +/- 17% (P < 0.0001, paired t-test), respectively, but only 9 +/- 6% vs. 10 +/- 7% in corresponding skin samples of AD. In the skin of healthy controls, only 12 +/- 12% of the mast cells were IFN-gamma +. Using immunoelectron microscopy, we confirmed the ultrastructural localization of IFN-gamma within the granules of mast cells in psoriatic skin. In addition, stimulation of a human mast cell line HMC-1 with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) (100 nmol/L) for periods of 2-24 h induced expression of IFN-gamma mRNA, which peaked at 24 h. When HMC-1 cells were stimulated with PMA (100 nmol/L) for periods of 0-3 days, the cells released IFN-gamma protein, peaking on day 1. These results provide further evidence for the important role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.
Fluticasone propionate powder: Oral corticosteroid–sparing effect and improved lung function and quality of life in patients with severe chronic asthma
Authors: Harold S. Nelson, William W. Busse, Bennett P. deBoisblanc, William E. Berger, Michael J. Noonan, D.Robert Webb, Jill P. Wolford, Puneet S. Mahajan, Abbas G. Hamedani, Tushar Shah, Stuart M. Harding
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Influence of Altitude Exposure on Coronary Flow Reserve
Authors: Christophe A. Wyss, Pascal Koepfli, Gregory Fretz, Magdalena Seebauer, Christian Schirlo, Philipp A. Kaufmann
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Although no data exist on the effect of altitude exposure on coronary flow reserve (CFR), patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are advised not to exceed moderate altitudes of approximately 2500 m above sea level. We studied the influence of altitude on myocardial blood flow (MBF) in controls and CAD patients.In 10 healthy controls and 8 patients with CAD, MBF was measured by positron emission tomography and 15O-labeled water at rest, during adenosine stress, and after supine bicycle exercise. This protocol was repeated during inhalation of a hypoxic gas mixture corresponding to an altitude of 4500 m (controls) and 2500 m (CAD). Workload was targeted to comparable heart rate-blood pressure products at normoxia and hypoxia. Resting MBF increased significantly in controls at 4500 m (+24%, P<0.01) and in CAD patients at 2500 m (+24%, P<0.05). Altitude had no influence on adenosine-induced hyperemia and CFR. Exercise-induced hyperemia increased significantly in controls (+38%, P<0.01) at 4500 m (despite a reduction in workload, -28%, P<0.0001) but not in CAD patients at 2500 m (moderate decrease in workload, -11%, P<0.05). Exercise-induced reserve was preserved in controls (+10%, P=NS) but decreased in CAD patients (-18%, P<0.005).At 2500 m altitude, there is a significant decrease in exercise-induced reserve in CAD patients, indicating that compensatory mechanisms might be exhausted even at moderate altitudes, whereas healthy controls have preserved reserve up to 4500 m. Thus, patients with CAD and impaired CFR should be cautious when performing physical exercise even at moderate altitude.
Abstract IA04: Cancer-promoting immunity
Authors: Mikael Pittet
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Tumors often promote the expansion and recruitment of a variety of circulating immune cells. Among them, macrophages can accumulate in large numbers in the tumor stroma and participate actively in cancer growth; however, our understanding of the origins and dynamics of these cells remains not fully explored. By using various modalities, including in vivo imaging, we have started to define where, when and how macrophage precursors are produced and traffic to the tumor stroma. The findings suggest new cancer-induced mechanisms that foster tumor-promoting immunity and identify novel cellular and molecular targets for therapeutic intervention. Citation Format: Mikael Pittet. Cancer-promoting immunity. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr IA04. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-IA04
Perirectal Infections in Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Martin F. Earle, Byron E. Fossieck, Martin H. Cohen, Daniel C. Ihde, Paul A. Bunn, John D. Minna
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Fifteen anorectal infections occurred in 6.4% of 188 intensively treated patients with small cell bronchogenic carcinoma. Granulocytopenia was present at onset in 13 episodes. In eight episodes, perirectal pain preceded any objective findings by two to 11 days. Ten infections resolved with recovery from granulocytopenia, but the five abscesses required incision. Septicemia accompanied four episodes; one patient died. Early recognition and therapy of this potentially fatal infection will become increasingly important as more patients with solid tumors receive intensive therapy. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:2464-2466)
Randomized Trial of Stents Versus Bypass Surgery for Left Main Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Jung-Min Ahn, Jae-Hyung Roh, Young-Hak Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Sung-Cheol Yun, Pil Hyung Lee, Mineok Chang, Hyun Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Suk Jung Choo, CheolHyun Chung, JaeWon Lee, Do-Sun Lim, Seung-Woon Rha, Sang-Gon Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon, Hyo-Soo Kim, In-Ho Chae, Yangsoo Jang, Myung-Ho Jeong, Seung-Jea Tahk, Ki Bae Seung, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
On the description of the prescription
Authors: Ruth Beyth-Marom
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Barons's target article approaches errors in decision-making by defining three kinds of models: normative, descriptive, and prescriptive. Baron's prescriptive model is at the center of this commentary. From a theoretical perspective, is Baron's prescriptive model a set of rules through which one can move from the descriptive to the normative? Or is it a practical goal one can achieve as opposed to a normative unachievable theoretical ideal? Delineating an efficient prescriptive account for decision making necessarily depends on a very specific normative model. However, Baron's normative consequentialism model is too general to enable adequate prescriptive accounts.
Actinomycetales Infection in the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Howard A. Holtz, Daniel P. Lavery, Rajendra Kapila
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Four parenteral drug abusers with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome had nonmycobacterial actinomycetales infections. Three patients had nocardiosis and one developed a streptomyces lymphadenitis. There was pericardial involvement in two patients, and two patients died. Presumptive diagnoses were often incorrect, highlighting the risks of empiric therapy in these patients. Four of the nine patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and nocardia or streptomyces infections whose cases were reported to the Centers for Disease Control also had mycobacterial disease. A common susceptibility to these agents may exist in these immunosuppressed patients.
Case 49-1969
Authors: Guillermo C. Sanchez, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Presentation of CaseA fifty-nine-year-old man was referred to the hospital for evaluation of hepatomegaly, ascites and dyspnea.Nineteen years previously the patient, who had consumed large quantities of alcohol, was admitted to another hospital and found to have hepatomegaly, ascites and cardiomegaly; a diagnosis of cirrhosis was made. He abstained from alcohol at that time, and the ascites resolved. Nine years later ascites recurred and was treated by paracentesis. He remained well until five years before admission, when exertional dyspnea developed; with digitalis and diuretic therapy the dyspnea subsided. Two years before entry he was admitted to another hospital . . .
Myelofibrosis: A concise review of clinical and pathologic features and treatment
Authors: Roy E. Smith, Mark K. Chelmowski, Edward J. Szabo
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1988)

This paper reviews and clarifies the current understanding of the clinical and pathologic features and treatment of MF. Recent investigations indicate that MF may be mediated by platelet- and megakaryocyte-derived growth factors, impaired prostaglandin-mediated stem cell growth inhibition, or excessive endothelial cell and fibroblast proliferation. Immunologic disorders have been associated with MF. MF may be either a primary or a secondary phenomenon. Secondary MF often regresses with appropriate treatment of this underlying disorder. Primary MF may require androgen therapy, splenectomy, splenic irradiation, bone curettage, chemotherapy, or bone marrow transplantation.
Natural Killer T Cell–Based Cancer Immunotherapy
Authors: Hans J.J. van der Vliet, Steven P. Balk, Mark A. Exley
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

In this issue of Clinical Cancer Research , Motohashi et al. ([1][1]) present data on the first clinical trial using adoptive transfer of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in patients with advanced or recurrent non–small cell lung cancer. This study follows up on several other recently done