tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Molecular basis for arsenic-induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells
Authors: Erika Brown, Clement G. Yedjou, Paul B. Tchounwou
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

3130 

Arsenic is a naturally occurring element that is widely distributed in nature, air, water and soil. Epidemiological findings indicate that arsenic is a paradoxical human carcinogen that results in increased risk of skin, lung, bladder, liver and kidney cancers. Although the mechanism of arsenic toxicity is not fully understood, we hypothesize that oxidative stress is capable of inducing DNA damage, which may play a role in arsenic-induced toxicity. In this study, we used human liver carcinoma (HepG2) cells as a model to study oxidative stress and genotoxicity associated with exposure to arsenic trioxide at 24 and 48 hrs, using the thiobarbituric acid test and the single cell gel electrophoresis (Comet assay), respectively. The results of the thiobarbituric acid test showed a significant increase (p <0.05) of MDA (malondialdehyde) levels with increasing arsenic trioxide concentrations. These results indicate that oxidative stress may play a key role in arsenic induced toxicity and cellular damage. Data generated from the comet assay showed a significant time and dose-dependent increase in DNA damage, with respect to comet tail-length, tail arm and tail moment, as a result of arsenic trioxide exposure. Our findings indicate that reactive oxygen species, such as MDA is capable of inducing DNA damage in HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner, further supporting our hypothesis that arsenic toxicity is mediated by oxidative stress.
Effects of statins on nonlipid serum markers associated with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Ethan M. Balk, Joseph Lau, Leonidas C. Goudas, Harmon S. Jordan, Bruce Kupelnick, Linda U. Kim, Richard H. Karas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Among nonlipid serum markers, only C-reactive protein levels are significantly affected by statins. These findings suggest that statin-mediated anti-inflammatory effects may contribute to the abili...
Abstract 13613: Feasibility of Single Beat Three-dimensional Echocardiography for Analysis of Right Ventricular Systolic Function in Neonatal Heart
Authors: Ikuo Hashimoto, Kazuhiro Watanabe, Keijirou Ibuki, Fukiko Ichida
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The function of the right ventricle (RV) is difficult to evaluate by 2-dimensional echocardiography because it has more complex geometry and function than the left ventricle. The aim of our study was to evaluate right ventricular (RV) systolic function in the neonate using newly developed single beat 3-dimensional echocardiography (sb3DE). Method and Results: We enrolled 15 healthy or premature neonates (0 to 53 days after birth). We scanned one beat full volume using Siemens ACUSON SC2000 (Siemens AG) echocardiography with 4Z1c Full Volume transducer without ECG-gating. RV end-diastolic (RVEDV) and systolic volume (RVESV) were computed with special software dedicated to analysis for RV volume. RV ejection fraction (RVEF) and RV stroke volume (3D-RVSV) were also calculated. While RV stroke volume was also determined from the recordings of ejection blood flow velocity and diameter at the level of the pulmonary orifice in the RV outflow tract (Doppler-RVSV). Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was also measured by 2D echocardiography. Results: It took 15 minutes for total acquisition of echo data including one beat full volume and 4 - 5 minutes to compute for RVEDV and RVESV. Full volume data were obtained successfully in all cases with average volume rate of 60 volumes / sec. RVEDV ranged from 5.1 to 10.7 ml (average 7.5 ml), RVESV ranged from 2.3 to 5.8 ml (average 3.9 ml). There was a good correlation between 3D-RVSV and Doppler-RVSV (r = 0.77). Bland-Altman plots revealed that 3D-RVSV was underestimated by an average of 1.78 ml compared to Doppler-RVSV. TAPSE positively correlated with 3D-RVEF (r = 0.58, P = 0.038). Conclusions: Newly developed sb3DE enables us to perform 3-dimensional acquisition of RV volume without ECG-gating even in neonate. However, 3D-RVSV currently tends to be underestimated in the neonatal measurement.
Abstract 14925: Hepatic ERK Protects From Endothelial Dysfunction With The Suppression Of Hepatic Steatosis In Mice Fed High-fat And High-sucrose Diet
Authors: Takehiko Kujiraoka, Yasushi Satoh, Makoto Ayaori, Daihiko Hakuno, Shogo Endo, Tomiharu Niida, Kikuo Isoda, Takeshi Adachi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by a constellation of disorders, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia and the accumulation of visceral fat with hepatic steatos...
Abstract MP40: Vital Exhaustion as a Predictor of Recurrent Cardiac Events in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Janice E Williams, Willem J Kop, Anna Kucharska-Newton, David J Couper, Thomas Mosley
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Several studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between vital exhaustion and incident coronary heart disease (CHD), but the association of exhaustion with recurrent cardiac events has not been established in large, epidemiologic studies. Vital exhaustion is considered the end-stage of prolonged psychological distress and is characterized by excessive fatigue, increased irritability, and a sense of demoralization. We assessed the hypothesis that vital exhaustion predicts recurrent cardiac events (myocardial infarction and CHD-related mortality) among middle-aged men and women with documented CHD. Participants were 589 black or white men and women (mean age = 59.8; range = 47 - 69 years) with a history of CHD at the 1990-1992 clinical examination of the ARIC Study. Vital exhaustion was measured at the same ARIC examination using the 21-item Maastricht Questionnaire, and scores were categorized into quartiles. Recurrent cardiac events were monitored in short term (0-5 years), mid- term (6-13 years), and long-term (14-19 years) follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression models were adjusted for age, sex, race-center, educational level, body mass index, plasma LDL-and HDL-cholesterol levels, hypertension status, and pack-years of cigarette smoking. During short term follow-up, the risk for recurrent cardiac events among participants in the highest quartile of vital exhaustion was twice that of participants in the remainder of the sample (HR = 2.08; 95% C.I: 1.24 to 3.48). The risk was less strong but remained statistically significant in mid-term (HR = 1.77; 95% C.I: 1.26 to 2.48) and long-term (HR = 1.54; 95% C.I: 1.12 to 2.11) follow-up. In conclusion, vital exhaustion is positively associated with short-term and long-term risks for recurrent cardiac events among middle-aged men and women with established coronary heart disease, independent of the traditional biomedical risk factors.
Abstract 13746: Relationships between Neointimal Tissue Characteristics and Occurrence of Periprocedural Myocardial Infarction in Lesions with In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Shigeki Kimura, Yosuke Yamakami, Keisuke Kojima, Yuichiro Sagawa, Hirofumi Ohtani, Keiichi Hishikari, Tomoyo Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Hikita, Atsushi Takahashi, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Recent studies have reported several types of neointimal tissues including neoatherosclerotic progression in stent restenosis. However, the influence of neointimal tissue characteristics on outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains unclear. Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) is related to poor outcomes after PCI. We assessed relationships neointimal tissue characteristics and occurrence of PMI after PCI in ISR lesions. Methods: We investigated 45 ISR lesions in 45 stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients who underwent pre- and post-PCI coronary angioscopy (CAS) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination. We excluded patients with hemodialysis. All lesions were divided into lesions with PMI, defined as high-sensitivity cardiac troponin-T (hs-cTnT) values after PCI ≥5 times of the upper reference limit in patients with normal baseline values or ≥5 times of baseline values if hs-cTnT values were elevated before PCI, and those without. Clinical and lesion characteristics including intrastent neointimal tissues were compared between two groups. Results: PMI was observed in 15 (33.3%) lesions. Clinical characteristics including stent types and terms after stenting were similar between lesions with and without PMI. CAS analysis showed higher frequency of white neointimal proliferation with irregular surface or yellow neointima at the culprit site before PCI (86.7% vs. 43.3%, p=0.009) and atheromatous appearance (CAS-AP), defined as yellow plaque including complex thrombi underneath disrupted neointimal coverage after ballooning (66.7% vs. 16.7%, p=0.003) in lesions with PMI than those without. OCT analysis demonstrated higher frequency of heterogeneous neointima or neointimal thin-cap fibroatheroma in lesions with PMI (73.3% vs. 33.3%, p=0.02). Multivariate analysis including clinical and lesion characteristics and procedural results showed CAS-AP as an independent predictor for occurrence of PMI (odds ratio:6.90, 95% CI:1.68-28.41, p=0.008). Conclusions: In ISR lesions with SAP patients, the assessment of neointimal tissue characteristics by using CAS and OCT images may be useful for the prediction of occurrence of PMI.
TEL-AML1 Fusion Transcript in Relapsed Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Karlheinz Seeger, Hans-Peter Adams, Dirk Buchwald, Birgit Beyermann, Bernhard Kremens, Charlotte Niemeyer, Jörg Ritter, Dirk Schwabe, Dörte Harms, Martin Schrappe, Günter Henze
Journal: Blood (1998)
340. Assessment of the Transduction Patterns of Alternative AAV Vector Serotypes in the CNS of Rhesus Macaques
Authors: Bruce A. Bunnell, Jason DuFour, Gretchen Belenchia, Xavier Alvarez, Kate Baker, Pete Didier, Andrew Lackner, John H. Wolfe
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The central nervous system is an attractive for gene therapy because the spectrum of inherited and acquired disorders that affect the brain. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and ALS are among the most common disorders that affect humans and as such are prime targets for gene therapy. Inherited lysosomal storage disorders and leukodystrophys, such as Tay-Sachs, the mucopolysaccharidoses and Krabbe's disease, are also primary targets for gene therapy interventions. Treatment options for these and other CNS disorders are primarily limited to supportive care, thus providing few therapeutic options. Direct CNS gene transfer may provide the best opportunity for eliminating the disease and dysfunction associated with these conditions. The goal of these studies was the direct comparison of the transduction of adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector systems with regard to levels of gene transfer and pattern of in the CNS of nonhuman primates, specifically rhesus macaques. Initially, we mapped the transduction patterns of the various vectors by determining the levels of gene transfer to selected regions of the brain and delineating the specific cell types transduced by immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy.
A YEAST TWO-HYBRID SCREEN USING CARD15/NOD2 IMPLICATES NOVEL PATHWAYS IN IBD SUSCEPTIBILITY
Authors: E. R. Nimmo, Amanda Smith, M. C. Aldhous, M. Quail, K. Soo, H. Drummond, J. van Limbergen, R. K. Russell, C. L. Noble, D. C. Wilson, J. Satsangi
Journal: Gut (2009)
Organic vs Cultural Explanations of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Fibromyalgia
Authors: Riccardo Baschetti
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Characteristics and predictors of outcome in rheumatoid arthritis related ILD
Authors: David Middleton, Hannah Sarah, Miller David, Dempsey Owen, Basu Neil
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in RA patients. Despite increasing recognition of this condition, we are yet to fully characterise the affected population, or the clinical course of the disease. We aimed to describe our cohort of patients with RA-ILD in NHS Grampian, and to identify predictors of poor outcome.  Patients diagnosed with RA-ILD between January 2009 and December 2011 were identified from NHS Grampian9s ILD Database. Data on patient characteristics, treatment and outcomes were retrospectively obtained from patient notes and clinical databases. PFT data were recorded from the pulmonary function laboratory database for time points 0, 18 and 24 months from baseline (first PFTs following referral to ILD clinic).  Of the 37 patients identified, 43.2% were male and 75.7% were sero-positive. A history of smoking was common and breathlessness was the typical presenting complaint. 25 patients had FVC and/or TLCO recorded at baseline and at 18 or 24 months. Of these, only 11 (44%) experienced a clinically significant reduction in FVC (>10%) or TLCO (>15%) during this period. Poor outcome (composite end-point of a significant reduction in FVC, TLCO, need for long-term oxygen therapy or death) was positively associated with higher RF (p=0.05), chest crackles at time of first ILD clinic (p=0.03) and longer RA disease duration (p=0.03) but not age, ILD disease duration or TLCO at baseline.  Many patients in our cohort did not experience a clinically significant deterioration in FVC or TCLO by 18-24 months after baseline. Poor outcome was positively associated with higher RF, chest crackles, and longer RA disease duration.
Smoking and Pregnancy
Authors: Judith S. Mausner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Editorial Notes1 August 1973Smoking and PregnancyJUDITH S. MAUSNERJUDITH S. MAUSNERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-2-272 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlmost 20 years have passed since the publication of the first epidemiologic reports that implicated cigarette smoking as an etiologic factor in lung cancer and other diseases. During these years cigarette smoking by men has declined appreciably, proportionately less so in women. According to current estimates, almost one third of the adult women in this country smoke cigarettes*.For obvious reasons early studies were largely based on the smoking experience of men. For this sex the association of multiple disease states with cigarette smoking is now well documented. More recently it has become clear that women, as well as men,...References1. WEISS W: Cigarette smoking and diffuse pulmonary fibrosis. Arch Environ Health 14:564-568, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BURBANK F: U.S. lung cancer death rates begin to rise proportionately more rapidly for females than for males: a dose-response effect? J Chronic Dis 25:473-479, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SPAINSIEGELBRADESS DHV: Women smokers and sudden death. The relationship of cigarette smoking to coronary disease. JAMA 224:1005-1007, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. RUSHKASS DE: Maternal smoking: a reassessment of the association with perinatal mortality. Am J Epidemiol 96:183-196, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SCHWARTZGOUJARDKAMINSKI DJM: Smoking and pregnancy. Results of a prospective study of 6,989 women. Rev Eur Etud Clin Biol 18:867-879, 1972 Google Scholar6. YERUSHALMY J: Infants with low birth weight born before their mothers started to smoke cigarettes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 112:277-284, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. UNDERWOODKESLERO'LANE PKJ: Parental smoking empirically related to pregnancy outcome. Obstet Gynecol 29:1-8, 1967 MedlineGoogle Scholar8. MEYERCOMSTOCK MG: Maternal cigarette smoking and perinatal mortality. Am J Epidemiol 96:1-10, 1972 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar9. HILL A: The environment and disease: association or causation? Proc R Soc Med 58:295-300, 1965 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Unpublished data, Department of Health Education, and Welfare, Health Services and Mental Health Administration, National Clearinghouse for Smoking and Health, CDC, Bethesda, Maryland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1973Volume 79, Issue 2Page: 272-272KeywordsCancer epidemiologyLung and intrathoracic tumorsMedical servicesPregnancyPsychiatry and mental health ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mutations in the gene encoding c-Abl-binding protein SH3BP2 cause cherubism
Authors: Yasuyoshi Ueki, Valdenize Tiziani, Carla Santanna, Naomi Fukai, Chris Maulik, Judah Garfinkle, Chisho Ninomiya, Cassio doAmaral, Hartmut Peters, Mutaz Habal, Laila Rhee-Morris, Jeffrey B. Doss, Sven Kreiborg, Bjorn R. Olsen, Ernst Reichenberger
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Effect of postremission chemotherapy before human leukocyte antigen–identical sibling transplantation for acute myelogenous leukemia in first complete remission
Authors: Martin S. Tallman, Philip A. Rowlings, Gustavo Milone, Mei-Jie Zhang, Waleska S. Perez, Daniel Weisdorf, Armand Keating, Robert Peter Gale, Robert B. Geller, Mary J. Laughlin, Hillard M. Lazarus, Selina M. Luger, Philip L. McCarthy, Jacob M. Rowe, Ruben A. Saez, Marcus R. Vowels, Mary M. Horowitz
Journal: Blood (2000)
Structure of the Complex of F-Actin and DNGR-1, a C-Type Lectin Receptor Involved in Dendritic Cell Cross-Presentation of Dead Cell-Associated Antigens
Authors: Pavel Hanč, Takashi Fujii, Salvador Iborra, Yurika Yamada, Jatta Huotari, Oliver Schulz, Susan Ahrens, Svend Kjær, Michael Way, David Sancho, Keiichi Namba, Caetano Reis e Sousa
Journal: Immunity (2015)
New Corneal Implant Approved to Correct Age-Related Vision Problem
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hybrid multiscale models of cancer: An invasion of equations.
Authors: Alexander Ra Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

SY19-01 

Our research is focused on the application of imaging technology to clinical medicine. Human surgery is presently performed “blindly,” without the ability to see tissue pathology with high sensitivity and high resolution in the operating room. For example, cancer resection is performed without real-time assessment of margin status and sentinel lymph node mapping is performed without real-time image guidance. Near-infrared (NIR; typically 700–900 nm) wavelengths of light are invisible to the human eye, but penetrate relatively deeply into living tissue due to absorbance and scatter that are much lower than visible wavelengths (reviewed in ([1][1]–[3][2])). By introducing an exogenous NIR fluorophore into the surgical field, one can use invisible NIR fluorescence to guide surgery. We have developed an intraoperative imaging system that permits anatomy (color video) and function (NIR fluorescence) to be acquired and displayed simultaneously, and in real-time ([4][3], [5][4]). Spatial resolution varies from 125–650 micrometers depending on the selected field-of-view, and all image windows are refreshed at up to 15 Hz. In collaboration with the laboratory of Moungi G. Bawendi, Ph.D., at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, we have developed several families of contrast agents for intraoperative use, including inorganic/organic hybrid NIR fluorescent quantum dots ([6][5], [7][6]). This talk will focus on the application of nanotechnology, including near-infrared and infrared (IR) fluorescent quantum dots, to important problems in human surgery. Basic physiology, including biodistribution and clearance of quantum dots as a function of organic coating and hydrodynamic diameter will be reviewed. Data from the pre-clinical validation of quantum dots in small and large animal model systems will be presented, including sentinel lymph node mapping of the skin ([6][5]), stomach ([8][7]), esophagus ([9][8]), stomach ([8][7]), colon ([8][7]), and pleural space ([10][9]). Newer formulations of ultra-small NIR fluorescent quantum dots will also be presented.

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Statistics Notes: Generalisation and extrapolation
Authors: D. G Altman, J M. Bland
Journal: BMJ (1998)

All medical research is carried out on selected individuals, although the selection criteria are not always clear. The usefulness of research lies primarily in the generalisation of the findings rather than in the information gained about those particular individuals. We study the patients in a trial not to find out anything about them but to predict what might happen to future patients given these treatments.

A recent randomised trial showed no benefit of fine needle aspiration over expectant management in women with simple ovarian cysts.1 The clinical question is whether the results can be deemed to apply to a given patient. For most conditions it is widely accepted that a finding like this validly predicts the effect of treatment in other hospitals and in other countries. It would not, however, be safe to make predictions about patients with another condition, such as a breast lump. In between these extremes lie some cases where generalisability is less clear.

For example, when trials showed the benefits of β blockers after myocardial infarction the studies had been …