tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4318: Mycoplasma arginini infection shifts the energy catabolism ratio of metastatic macrophages towards fermentation and is associated with an increase in primary tumor size, metastasis and malignancy
Authors: Roberto Flores, Ashley K. Brown, Zeynep Akgoc, Thomas N. Seyfried
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mycoplasma are the smallest self-replicating prokaryotes and are burdened by their notoriety. It is widely unknown that mycoplasma are readily detected in many primary human cancer tissues and can influence tumorigenesis. Some mycoplasma species such as M. fermentans and M. hyorhinis can transform normal murine and human cell lines into tumorigenic cells. Mycoplasma infection can inactivate tumor suppressor genes and activate oncogenes. These observations suggest that mycoplasma can be both carcinogenic and or onco-modulators. We found that M. arginini was present in the metastatic macrophage cell line VM-M3 (referred to as M3myco+). Antibiotic was used to eradicate M. arginini (verified by mycoplasmal 16S rDNA PCR amplification) from the M3 cells (M3myco- cells). Oxygen consumption rate was higher in the than the M3myco- cells than in the M3myco+ cells, whereas lactate production was similar in both the M3myco+ and M3myco- cells. Glucose suppressed oxygen consumption in both cell lines indicating a Crabtree effect. The in-vitro proliferation rate was similar in both cell lines when seeded at low density, but was higher in the M3myco+ cells than in the M3myco- cells at higher cell densities. Tumor size at the primary inoculation site in flank was notably smaller and systemic metastasis in the syngeneic inbred VM mouse host was qualitatively less for the M3myco- cells than for the M3myco + cells, respectively. Survival was also longer in VM mice inoculated with the M3myco- cells compared to the M3myco+ cells. Our data indicate that M. arginini is an onco-modulator that might influence tumor growth through an effect tumor cell energy metabolism. (Supported by Boston College Research Expense fund). Citation Format: Roberto Flores, Ashley K. Brown, Zeynep Akgoc, Thomas N. Seyfried. Mycoplasma arginini infection shifts the energy catabolism ratio of metastatic macrophages towards fermentation and is associated with an increase in primary tumor size, metastasis and malignancy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4318. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4318
High-dose chemotherapy and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for patients with relapsed, primary refractory or intermediate and high risk aggressive non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) treated in the Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Centre.
Authors: Miriam Tao, Soon Thye Lim, Richard Quek, Siew Wan Hee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

C28   High dose chemotherapy (HDC) is established as the treatment of choice in those patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma (NHL) that have relapsed after conventional chemotherapy. The role of HDC as part of first line therapy in aggressive NHL was encouraging in uncontrolled trials although several randomized trials have given conflicting results. Patients with relapsed and high risk NHL are characterized by significantly shortened survival. Because this impacts especially on young patients, HDC and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) after conventional chemotherapy were given to patients who had a theoretical 5-year survival of less than 50% (chemosensitive relapses, partial responders, primary refractory disease, and international prognostic index ≥2, ). This retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of HDC and AHSCT of these treated patients. Total of 31 patients received high-dose carmustine (BCNU), etoposide  and cyclophosphamide, followed by AHSCT. Median age 38 years (range 19 - 68). Twenty seven patients were evaluated for treatment outcome. The median follow-up was 2.8 years (range, 0.8 - 12.8 years). The 3-year relapse free survival was 52.6% and the 3-year overall survival was 76.8% in this heterogeneous group of patients. HDC and AHSCT remain important therapeutic strategies for these poor prognosis patients.
Abstract 13190: Integrin Linked Kinase is Required for Integrity of Cardiac Ion Current and Electrophysiologic Function
Authors: Xiao- Y Qi, Artak Tadevosyan, Khai Le Quang, Patrice Naud, Yan- F Shi, Denis Chartier, Ange Maguy, Jean- C Tardif, Dobromir Dobrev, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The cardiac adaptor protein integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a regulator of cardiac structure/function. This study investigated the ventricular cardiomyocyte ion channel/electrophysiological remodeling caused by cardiomyocyte-directed ILK deletion (ILK-KO) in mice. Methods: Mice expressing the mckCRE transgene and 2 loxP1-flanked ILK-alleles (ILK-KO) were compared to littermate controls (WT). Perforated and tight-seal patch clamp were used respectively to record action potentials (APs) and ion currents in isolate ventricular cardiomyocytes. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography and rhythms were recorded by 24 hr telemetry in conscious mice. Results: ILK-KO mice died suddenly (50% mortality at 8 wks and 100% mortality at 18 wks) with progressive dilated cardiomyopathy. Spontaneous ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTs) were recorded in 60% (*P&lt;0.001 vs WT) at 10 wks. At 5 wks, prior to cardiac dysfunction, ILK-KO increased action potential duration (APD) by 68%*. I CaL and I K1 were unchanged, but fast inactivating transient outward (I to,f ) and slowly inactivating delayed rectifier (I K,slow ) K currents were reduced by 40%* and 34%* respectively. At 10 wks, LV systolic, diastolic dimensions increased by 72%*, 31%* respectively and LVEF decreased by 42%*; I CaL , I K1 , I to,f and I K,slow were all significantly decreased (by 23%, 32%, 38%, 53% respectively). APD was increased by 114%* and EADs/triggered activity were recorded. To assess mechanisms of specific K + current interactions, ILK was immunoprecitated (IPed) from cardiomyocyte membranes and K + channel subunits detected by immunoblot (Figure). Kv4.2 co-IPed with ILK, indicating direct physical interaction; whereas Kv1.4, Kv4.3 and KChIP2 did not. Conclusions: Cardiomyocyte ILK-deletion causes dilated cardiomyopathy, extensive ionic remodeling, VT and sudden death. Early K + current changes and co-IP point to a specific interaction with Kv4.2 subunits in pathogenesis.
776. Adenoviral Mediated Gene Transfer of NOS Isoforms and Vascular Cell Proliferation
Authors: Ronan Cooney, Timothy O'Brien
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
Background: Smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation is a central component of multiple vascular disorders. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to inhibit SMC proliferation. NO production may be augmented by gene delivery of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). A number of NOS isoforms exist and the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of these iosforms in the modulation of vascular SMC proliferation using adenoviral vectors.

Methods: SMCs were transduced with adenoviral vectors encoding eNOS (AdeNOS), nNOS (AdnNOS), iNOS (AdiNOS) or empty adenoviral vector (AdNull) at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 100. Non-transduced cells served as additional controls. Transgene expression was sought by western blotting. Effects on cell proliferation were determined by cell counting on day 0, 3 and 6. Apoptosis was sought by Hoechst staining and DNA laddering.

Results: Expression of all three isoforms was detected in transduced cells. Cell proliferation was diminished in AdeNOS (25.55 ± 3.63% Day6), AdnNOS(22.28 ± 4.7% Day6) and to a lesser extent AdiNOS (69.37 ± 7.49% Day6) transduced cells in comparison with AdNull (100% Day6) transduced and non-transduced cells on day 3 and 6. Apoptosis was not detected in any of the SMCs either by Hoechst staining or DNA fragmentation.

Summary: eNOS and nNOS gene transfer to SMCs result in an inhibition on SMC proliferation. iNOS gene transfer also results in an inhibition of SMC proliferation but not to the same extent as the other isoforms. Apoptosis was not observed with any isoform.

Conclusion: Overexpression of all NOS isoforms inhibits SMC proliferation but iNOS is the least effective.
Abstract P017: Serum N-Carboxymethyl-Lysine and Risk of Mortality in Older Adults
Authors: Mary Lou Biggs, David Benkeser, Joachim Ix, Jorge Kizer, Luc Djousse, David Siscovick, Annette Fitzpatrick, Russell Tracy, Kenneth Mukamal
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are compounds formed by the non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, and are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of diseases across multiple organ systems. Carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) is a dominant AGE found in tissue proteins and in the circulation, and a commonly used AGE biomarker. Only a few epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between circulating CML and mortality risk, and none have evaluated the association between CML and cause-specific non-CVD mortality. We measured CML by ELISA on serum specimens collected from 3,373 Cardiovascular Health Study participants in 1996. Participants were followed for death through 2010, and cause of death was classified using death certificates, medical records, and proxy interview. We used Cox regression to estimate the relative risk of total and cause-specific mortality associated with circulating CML, adjusting for confounders (Models 1 &amp; 2) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as a potential mediator (Model 3). We tested whether sex or diabetes modified the association between CML and mortality. The mean age among participants was 78 years and 60% were women. The mean CML level among participants was 629 ng/mL. Over median follow-up of 10 years, 2,322 deaths occurred (73.4 per 1,000 person-years). After adjustment for confounders (Models 1 &amp; 2), CML was associated with an increased risk of death from CVD, dementia, infection, fracture/trauma, and renal failure (Table). Aside from renal failure, adjustment for eGFR attenuated the HR estimates modestly. There was no evidence for effect modification of the association of CML and all-cause mortality risk by sex or diabetes. In a cohort of community-dwelling older individuals, elevated circulating CML was associated with increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular causes, dementia, infection, fracture/trauma, and renal failure. A portion of the increased risk may be mediated through decreased renal function.
Are systemic manifestations ascribable to COPD in smokers? A structural equation modeling approach
Authors: Etienne Audureau, Laurent Boyer, Christos Chouaid, Bruno Housset, Genevieve Derumeaux, Jorge Boczkowski, Bernard Maitre, Sylvie Bastuji-Garin, Serge Adnot
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Whether the systemic manifestations observed in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are ascribable to lung dysfunction or direct effects of smoking is in debate. Structural Equations Modeling (SEM) technique could help unraveling the pathways involved, by enabling estimation of direct and indirect associations between groups of variables.

Aim: Investigate the relative impact of smoking and COPD on systemic manifestations, inflammation and telomere length.

Methods: In 301 individuals (105 women; 100 smokers with COPD, 100 smokers without COPD, 101 non-smokers), we used SEM to explore the pathways between smoking (pack-years), lung disease (FEV1, KCO), and the following parameters: arterial stiffness (aortic pulse wave velocity, PWV), bone mineral density (BMD), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM), grip strength, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), creatinine clearance (CCr), blood leukocyte telomere length and inflammatory markers (Luminex assay). All models were adjusted on age and stratified by gender.

Results: latent constructs were built for systemic inflammation (inflammatory markers) and musculoskeletal aging (ASMM, grip strength, BMD). Models had excellent fit. SEM showed that most effects of smoking were indirectly mediated by lung dysfunction: e.g. via FEV1 on musculoskeletal aging, CCr, PWV (men) and HOMA-IR (both genders), and via KCO on HOMA-IR, PWV (men), CCr (women) and musculoskeletal aging (both genders). Direct effects of smoking were limited to inflammatory markers and telomere length.

Conclusion: SEM identified smoking effects as mostly mediated by lung function, highlighting the major role of COPD in the occurrence of systemic manifestations.
MMR Vaccination and Febrile Seizures
Authors: Eelko Hak, Marc J M Bonten
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiple costimulatory modalities enhance CTL avidity.
Authors: Charlie T. Garnett, Mala Chakraborty, Chie Kudo-Saito, Jeffrey Schlom, James W. Hodge
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5553 

Recent studies in both animal models and clinical trials have demonstrated that the avidity of T cells is a major determinant of anti-tumor and anti-viral immunity. Here, we evaluated several different vaccine strategies for their ability to enhance both the quantity and avidity of CTL responses. CD8+ T-cell quantity was measured by tetramer binding precursor frequency, and avidity was measured by both tetramer dissociation and quantitative cytolytic function. We have evaluated a peptide, a viral vector expressing the antigen transgene alone, with one costimulatory molecule (B7-1), and with three costimulatory molecules (B7-1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3), with anti-CTLA-4 mAb, with GM-CSF, and combinations of the above. We have evaluated these strategies in both a foreign antigen model employing beta-gal as immunogen, and in a self antigen model, employing CEA as immunogen in CEA transgenic (Tg) mice. The combined use of several of these strategies was shown to enhance not only the quantity, but, to a greater magnitude, the avidity of T cells generated; a combination strategy was also shown to enhance anti-tumor effects. The studies reported here thus demonstrate multiple strategies that can be employed in both anti-tumor and anti-viral vaccine settings to generate higher avidity host T-cell responses.
Abstract IA21: Skin pigmentation pathways and melanoma risk
Authors: David E. Fisher
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Melanoma risk is well known to be strongly linked to UV exposure. Yet despite this important linkage, melanoma incidence increases relentlessly, at one of the steepest rates of all human cancers. Prevention approaches that include education, sunscreen, avoidance of tanning beds, and sun-safe behavior messages are excellent in principal, but have not as yet produced sufficient decreases in melanoma incidence. Here we present studies which explore cutaneous responses to ultraviolet radiation exposure. These results indicate the presence of multiple cutaneous responses and pathways that are triggered by UV and which modulate not only skin signaling, but also systemic effects of this cutaneous UV exposure. These pathways include pigmentation or tanning. Other studies will describe a murine “redhair/lightskin” melanoma model of melanoma which identifies roles for pigmentation intermediates in melanoma formation. Finally, the MITF transcription factor plays central roles in both melanocyte and melanoma growth, survival, and differentiation. Studies will be described which characterize several MITF transcriptional targets, some of which may represent novel therapeutic opportunities. Citation Format: David E. Fisher. Skin pigmentation pathways and melanoma risk. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr IA21.
PITFALLS IN THE CARE OF CARDIACS
Authors: S A LEVINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1955)

Article1 June 1955PITFALLS IN THE CARE OF CARDIACSSAMUEL A. LEVINE, M.D., F.A.C.P.SAMUEL A. LEVINE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-42-6-1270 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo err is human. What physician has had a perfect score in practice? Only he who is not aware of the mistakes he has made. It would be well if we could learn from our own or others' experiences—and especially from the errors that we all make—in order to avoid repetitions of these costly blunders. The pitfalls in the care of cardiacs are numerous, some vital and others of little importance. The purpose of this discussion is to review some errors that I have been responsible for or that I see going on in the general practice of cardiology. Some... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts*Received for publication December 3, 1954.From the Medical Clinic, Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.†The George E. Fahr Lecture, given at Minneapolis, Minnesota, on March 23, 1954. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIncipient Congestive Heart FailureTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HEART DISEASE AND GALL-BLADDER DISEASE*AMBROSE G. HAMPTON, M.D., JULIAN R. BECKWITH, M.D., F.A.C.P., J. EDWIN WOOD JR., M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 June 1955Volume 42, Issue 6Page: 1270-1279KeywordsHospital medicinePrimary care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1955 PDF downloadLoading ...
A memorable patient: 67 years on the national health
Authors: J M B Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1999)

She was aged 70 when I took her over in outpatients; Irish, cheerful, overweight, cyanosed; larger than life. She had always lived in Hammersmith. She regarded the outpatient clinic as her second home, and the doctors, nurses, and health visitors as her extended family. Not surprising really, since she had attended hospitals, clinics, and dispensaries for 55 years since she developed pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of 15.

Why do I remember her? Firstly, for her remarkable medical history. Her pulmonary tuberculosis smouldered on in spite of collapse treatment for 10 years until she had a three stage left lung thoracoplasty in 1941. She was pronounced cured [“denotified”] in 1945. After living for 31 years with one functioning lung, and smoking, she was admitted to the Hammersmith in 1972 in cor pulmonale. When I saw her 15 years later …
Science commentary: Why albumin may not work
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Starling's principle is often represented as the leakage of fluids from the arterial end of capillaries, where the hydrostatic pressure is greater than the oncotic pressure (derived from the plasma proteins), and the reabsorption of fluid into the venous end, where the oncotic pressure exceeds the hydrostatic pressure. A small excess of fluid in the interstitial space—when filtration from the capillaries is greater than reabsorption—is dealt with by lymphatic drainage from the interstitial space. The rationale for giving albumin solutions rather than crystalloid solutions in cases of hypovolaemic shock is that fluid reabsorption …
Inhibitory Effect of Decamethylene-Diguanidine (Synthalin) against Leukemia L1210 and Sarcoma 180 (Ascites)
Authors: E. Mihich, A. I. Mulhern, N. Hornung
Journal: Cancer Research (1960)

Summary  Intraperitoneal treatment with Synthalin resulted in an inhibition of the growth of Leukemia L1210 and of Sarcoma 180 (ascites) and in a prolongation of the survival time of the tumor-bearing mice. When the compound was administered subcutaneously or in the diet, toxicity to the host was evident and limited the therapeutic activity studied. Four potent oral hypoglycemic agents, chemically unrelated to the diguanidine structures, were not active against Sarcoma 180 (ascites). Thus, the antitumor effects of Synthalin do not seem to be associated with its hypoglycemic activity.
Impact of the routine varicella vaccination programme on varicella epidemiology in Germany
Authors: A Siedler, U Arndt
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Routine varicella vaccination with one dose for children of 11 to 14 months was recommended in Germany in 2004 to reduce disease incidence and severe complications. A country-wide varicella sentinel surveillance system was initiated in 2005 to detect trends of disease frequency and vaccine uptake and to evaluate the vaccination programme. A convenient sample of about 1,000 paediatricians and general practitioners was recruited to report on a monthly basis on varicella cases by age groups seen in their practice, and on varicella vaccine doses administered. Sentinel data from April 2005 to March 2009 show a reduction of 55% of varicella cases in all ages; 63% in the age group 0-4 years and 38% in 5-9-year-olds. The number of vaccine doses per reporting unit in all regions and physician groups increased during the same period. The number of reported cases as well as administered vaccines differed between physician groups and regions with different reimbursement policies. Where reimbursement was settled early and vaccine doses were increasing varicella cases started to decrease early as well. Besides reimbursement policies the availability and vaccination schedules influenced vaccine uptake. Sentinel surveillance provided valid data on trends for varicella associated morbidity, vaccine uptake and the age distribution of cases. The results confirm that following the introduction of routine varicella vaccination, varicella morbidity started to decline in Germany.