tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17232: Amiodarone Inhibits Small Conductance Ca2+-Activated K+ (SK2) Channel Expressed in HEK-293 Cells
Authors: Isik Turker, Po-Cheng Chang, Zhenhui Chen, Peng-Sheng Chen, Tomohiko Ai
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Abstract:Introduction: Our recent study showed that apamin-sensitive K+ currents (IKAS), mainly carried by SK2 channel, is upregulated in failing ventricles. IKAS upregulation predisposes heart fai...
Presentation, Diagnosis, and Outcomes of Acute Aortic Dissection
Authors: Linda A. Pape, Mazen Awais, Elise M. Woznicki, Toru Suzuki, Santi Trimarchi, Arturo Evangelista, Truls Myrmel, Magnus Larsen, Kevin M. Harris, Kevin Greason, Marco Di Eusanio, Eduardo Bossone, Daniel G. Montgomery, Kim A. Eagle, Christoph A. Nienaber, Eric M. Isselbacher, Patrick O'Gara
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Effect of augmentation therapy on immune function of patients with severe Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency
Authors: Ilaria Ferrarotti, Tomàs P. Carroll, Simona Inghilleri, Stefania Ottaviani, Maurizio Luisetti, Noel G. McElvaney
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a hereditary disorder caused by mutations in the SERPINA1 gene. Individuals homozygous for the most common mutation Z have markedly reduced AAT concentrations and are predisposed to developing early-onset emphysema. Approximately 5% of AATD individuals have other deficiency alleles including Null alleles which do not express AAT. Although AAT production in monocytes is relatively small in comparison with hepatocytes, local regulation of the antiprotease shield represents an important first line of defence in times of infection and inflammation.  Our aim was to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of AAT by studying individuals homozygous for Null mutations who were receiving augmentation therapy with human plasma derived AAT, and comparing them to ZZ individuals and MM healthy controls.  We isolated peripheral blood monocytes from Null/Null and ZZ patients (with/without therapy), and MM controls. To investigate cytokine production, monocytes were maintained for 24 hours in the presence/absence of LPS. ELISAs and quantitative RT-PCRs were used to evaluate cytokine expression. Superoxide production and chemotactic activity were measured in monocytes.  Augmentation therapy appeared to attenuate IL-6 and IL-8 production from ZZ monocytes at both. Moreover, we noted a reduced chemotactic activity and superoxide production in AATD individuals receiving augmentation therapy in comparison to untreated AATD patients.  Augmentation therapy in AATD individuals (ZZ and Null/Null) appears to modulate immune function and may provide a rationale for reduced exacerbations in subjects receiving augmentation therapy.
Negative herpesvirus-8 immunoreactivity does not exclude a diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma
Authors: N. Martí, C. Monteagudo, I. Pinazo, E. Jordá
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Negative herpesvirus‐8 immunoreactivity does not exclude a diagnosis of Kaposi sarcoma Get access N. Martí, N. Martí Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Monteagudo, C. Monteagudo Pathology, Hospital Clinico Universitario, Valencia, Spain E‐mail: nuriamarfa@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Pinazo, I. Pinazo Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Jordá E. Jordá Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 1, 1 January 2011, Pages 209–211, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10041.x Published: 01 January 2011
Comèl-Netherton syndrome complicated by papillomatous skin lesions containing human papillomaviruses 51 and 52 and plane warts containing human papillomavirus 16
Authors: None Fölster-Holst, None Swensson, None Stockfleth, None Mönig, None Mrowietz, None Christophers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

We describe a 28‐year‐old woman with characteristic clinical signs of Comèl–Netherton syndrome (CNS) who showed numerous plane warts on her face and forearms and papillomatous skin tumours affecting her groins and genitoanal skin. Using human papillomavirus (HPV) type‐specific primers for cutaneous and mucosal HPV types we identified HPV 16‐specific sequences in plane warts and HPV 51‐ and HPV 52‐specific DNA in papillomatous skin from the patient's groins, suggesting a pathogenetic role (cofactor) for HPV in the development of verrucous skin lesions in patients with CNS. Whether the susceptibility to HPV infections is due to decreased cellular immunity or epidermal defence mechanisms remains to be seen.
Seasonal Variation of Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: Poll A. Pedersen, Eva Rung Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1984)

The seasonal variation of consultations on account of asthma and allergic rhinitis, and the relationship with air concentrations of pollen, spores, and lead, cadmium, dust, soot and sulfur dioxide was investigated in Danish general practice during a 1‐year period 1977–78. A population of about 500,000 was studied. Among about 3000. asthmatics there were less consultations during spring than die rest of the year, but the seasonal variation of consultations with symptoms was rather small. The highest rate of consultations was in week 24, which is close to the peak of the grass pollen period. No relationship was found between asthma symptoms and concentrations of pollution indicators. Among about 5000 patients with allergic rhinitis the rate of consultations with symptoms increased at the start of the tree pollen season, still more at the start of the birch pollen season, and was very high during weeks 21–26 in the grass pollen season. Two thirds of all consultations for symptomatic allergic rhinitis took plate within 10 weeks (Nos. 18–27). During the grass pollen season there was a relative preponderance of young patients, while during the birch pollen season older patients dominated. No connection was seen between rhinitis symptoms and pollution indicators. The different seasonal variation of asthma and allergic rhinitis indicates that the two patient categories differ as regards symptom‐provoking factors. Allergic rhinitis is mainly precipitated by grass and birch pollen. The precipitating‐ factors of asthma were not disclosed in this study, with the exception perhaps of some influence from pollen, and ‐ among 0–4‐year‐old children ‐ respiratory infections.
Optimal Management of Localized Renal Cell Carcinoma: Surgery, Ablation, or Active Surveillance
Authors: David Y. T. Chen, Robert G. Uzzo
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2009)

Radical nephrectomy is historically accepted as standard treatment for localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, the presentation of RCC has changed dramatically over the past 3 decades. Newer alternative interventions aim to reduce the negative impact of open radical nephrectomy, with the natural history of RCC now better understood. This article discusses current surgical and management options for localized kidney cancer.
Pulmonary hypertension in HIV positive patients: Western India experience
Authors: Mandar Kubal, Kavita Mody
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension has to be screened for in every HIV infected patients presenting with clinical symptoms.  Aim: To study the etiology of pulmonary hypertension in HIV infected patients presenting with signs and symptoms in an outpatient clinic.  Methods: Out of 150 patients presenting with respiratory complaints, 50 patients identified to have pulmonary hypertension (mean PAP > 25 mm Hg) on trans thoracic echo underwent a detailed history, physical exam and investigations.  Results: Out of the 50 patients (20 males & 30 females) 50% had mild PH (avg mPAP 32), 40% had moderate PH (avg mPAP 51), and 10% had severe PH (avg mPAP 59). 20% were WHO functional class I, 54% class II, 20% class III and 6% in class IV. After detailed investigations, WHO Group I Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) due to HIV infection was seen in 4%(n=2), due to SLE in 4%(n=2) and scleroderma in 2%(n=1) of the patients. 8%(n=4) patients had pre existing rheumatic valvular heart disease resulting in Group II PH. 70%(n=35) patients had COPD and 10%(n=5) had ILD contributing to Group III PH. 2%(n=1) of the patients were found to have chronic pulmonary thromboembolism from previous deep vein thrombosis.  Conclusions: Pulmonary hypertension of diverse etiology can present in a HIV infected individual. The treating physician must do a thorough evaluation of all possible etiologies during the course of treatment. Female HIV infected patients specifically must be evaluated for autoimmune disorders also. Cardiologists should be motivated to perform right heart catheterization in suspected cases of pulmonary hypertension to pick up cases early.
Assessment of five screening strategies for optimal detection of carriers of third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in intensive care units using daily sampling
Authors: P. Grohs, I. Podglajen, E. Guerot, F. Bellenfant, A. Caumont-Prim, G. Kac, B. Tillecovidin, E. Carbonnelle, G. Chatellier, G. Meyer, J.Y. Fagon, L. Gutmann
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Efficacy of an inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β2-agonist combination in symptomatic COPD patients in GOLD groups B and D
Authors: Antonio Anzueto, Christine R. Jenkins, Barry J. Make, Magnus Lindberg, Peter M. Calverley, Malin Fagerås, Dirkje S. Postma, Stephen I. Rennard, Donald P. Tashkin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) 2011 recommendations stratified patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) into four severity groups (A–D) [1]. However, the clinical trials on which these recommendations were based did not use this patient classification. Within group D, patients may be stratified into subgroups according to the criteria that determine their inclusion: either forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), frequency of exacerbations or both [2–4]. These D-subgroups display significantly different treatment outcomes [2]. The current report determined whether budesonide/formoterol prevented exacerbations more effectively than formoterol alone in symptomatic patients with COPD at high and low risk of exacerbations according to GOLD 2011 severity groups D and B [1], respectively, and in the group D subgroups. Budesonide/formoterol reduced exacerbation risk versus formoterol alone in patients with GOLD 2011 group D COPD <http://ow.ly/LRtis> Medical writing assistance was provided by Shaun Foley and Clair Clowes of inScience Communications, Springer Healthcare (Chester, UK) and funded by AstraZeneca.
Fisher syndrome associated with IgG anti-GQ1b antibody following infection by a specific serotype of Campylobacter jejuni11The authors have no proprietary interests in any materials mentioned in this study.
Authors: Kenji Ohtsuka, Yasushi Nakamura, Masato Hashimoto, Yumi Tagawa, Masaki Takahashi, Kahiko Saito, Nobuhiro Yuki
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)
Surgical treatment of postoperative chylothorax with thoracoscopy
Authors: Shuhrat Khudaybergenov, Georgy Pahomov, Orticali Irisov, Rustem Hayaliev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We studied the results of the examination and treatment of 14 patients with postoperative chylothorax for the period from 1999 to 2010. There were 11 men (78,6%) and 3 women (21,4%), the mean age was 45.5±4.34 years. Pleural effusion in all patients was one-sided, i.e. on the side of the operation.  The cause of chylothorax of all the patients was surgery in the thoracic cavity -thoracotomy with resection of the lung and mediastinal lymph dissection (8 cases), lung resection without lymph dissection (2 cases), mediastinal tumor resection (3 cases), and pneumonectomy with intrapericardial treatment of vascular root of the lung (1 patient). Pleural effusion during chylothorax is rated as the milky in 6 (42.9%) cases, festering in 1 (7.1%), serous in 4 (28.6%) and hemorrhagic in 3 (21,4%) cases. The average concentration of triglycerides in the exudates was 7.13±2.12 mmol/liter. The thoracoscopy was performed to all the patients with drainage of the pleural cavity, a diet with a decrease in the amount of fat was prescribed. Total parenteral nutrition was originally required for 4 patients, and 3 patients were urged to follow it due to the ongoing chylorrhea after 3-4 days. Sandostatin was included in the conservative treatment measures of 5 patients.  Conservative measures were effective in 9 patients. One patient underwent pleurodesis with intrapleural injection of Iodine polyvinylpyrrolidone complex solution. Other patients after unsuccessful conservative treatment for 7-10 days underwent thoracic lymphatic duct ligation. In the absence of the conservative measures effect for 7-10 days and in significant losses of lymph the surgical treatment was advised. Method of choice is ligation of the thoracic lymphatic duct.
Alternative method for non-invasive automatic positive airway pressure therapy in OSAS patients
Authors: Lisette Rohling, Michiel Eijsvogel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: APAP has generally been accepted as an alternative to CPAP in the treatment of OSAS. Meta-analysis has shown that APAP can control OSAS as effectively as CPAP. It remains to be examined whether greater reductions of the mean pressure can be attained by using the lowest possible minimum level and by limiting the maximum pressure to a different extent [1].

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether a new adjusted mode of APAP lowers the mean applied pressure so compliance will increase.

Method: New diagnosed OSAS patients are selected for a single blind randomized cross-over trial. Patients receive for 12 weeks two different PAP therapies, CPAP and restricted APAP (RAPAP). Prior to starting up PAP therapy patients receive a manual CPAP PSG titration. The titration night is used to set the CPAP and RAPAP. The RAPAP pressure is set 2 cmH2O around the titrated pressure [2]. After 6 weeks there is a transition to the other PAP therapy. Data is collected by questionnaires like ESS, Quebec Sleep Questionnaire (QSQ) and SF-36, REMstar Auto (Respironics) data, and home polygraphy.

Results: 39 OSAS patients were recruited of which already 21 completed the study. After 6 weeks with RAPAP, the mean QSQ, ESS and AHI was improved significantly. Similar effects were achieved with CPAP. Compliance showed similarities between therapies (RAPAP: 6.6 [4.3–7.9] hr/night, p=0.13). The mean applied pressure during RAPAP was 8.5 [6.0–11.5] cmH2O and for CPAP 8.5 [5.5–12.4] cmH2O (p=0.17).

Conclusion: Analysis of 21 patients showed that RAPAP and CPAP therapy has similar treatment effects in OSAS patients. RAPAP fits the current therapy.

References: 

*   1. Randerath W. Respiration 2000;67:272.

*   2. Netzer NC. Sleep Breath 2010.
Gallium-67 scanning in the staging of cryptogenetic fibrosing alveolitis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: M Vanderstappen, JF Mornex, B Lahneche, P Chauvot, JF Bouvier, T Wiesendanger, J Pages, P Webert, JF Cordier, J Brune
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

Gallium-67 citrate is known to localize within inflammatory sites. Gallium-67 scanning is used for the evaluation of lung inflammation (i.e. alveolitis) during interstitial lung diseases. We investigated 27 patients with cryptogenetic fibrosing alveolitis (n = 17) and hypersensitivity pneumonitis (n = 10) using gallium-67 lung scanning and lung function tests (forced vital capacity, diffusing capacity, resting and exercise blood gases). Investigations were performed before and after one year of methylprednisolone treatment. None of eight healthy volunteers had any abnormal gallium-67 uptake. In all patients with cryptogenetic fibrosing alveolitis an initial abnormal gallium-67 uptake was observed (mean fixation index: 163 +/- 18). In addition, analysis of lung function tests a year after initial evaluation showed that unchanged or improving patients presented initially with a lower gallium-67 index than patients with evidence of deterioration (153.9 +/- 23.7 vs 251.0 +/- 23.3.; p less than 0.01). Similarly, among patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis the index was lower in unchanged or improving patients than in those with deterioration (74.9 +/- 22 vs 226.7 +/- 4.9; p less than 0.05). Thus gallium-67 scanning is useful in the management of cryptogenetic fibrosing alveolitis and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Gangliosides of Liver Tumors Induced by N -2-Fluorenylacetamide. II. Alterations in Biosynthetic Enzymes 2
Authors: William D. Merritt, D. James Morré, Thomas W. Keenan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Activities of the enzymes of the monosialoganglioside pathway [lactosylceramide → N-acetylneuraminic acid (sialic acid) (NAN)-galactose (Gal)-N-acetylgalactosamlne (GalNAc)-(NAN)-Gal-glucose (Glc)-ceramide (Cer) (GD1a)] were elevated progressively above those of control liver during tumorigenesis induced by N-2-fluorenylacetamide in precancerous tissues and well-differentiated hepatomas. The activities of UDP-Gal:GalNAc-(NAN)-Gal-Glc-Cer (GM2) galactosyltransferase and, to a lesser extent, CMP-NAN:Gal-GalNAc-(NAN)-Gal-Glc-Cer (GM1) sialyltransferase were correlated directly with early tumor growth. Activities of the first enzyme in the biosynthetic sequence, the CMP-NAN:lactosylceramide sialyltransferase, were elevated 2.5-fold in precancerous liver tissues and hyperplastic nodules and remained near that level in well-differentiated and poorly differentiated hepatomas. The UDP-GalNAc:NAN-Gal-Glc-Cer (GM3) N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase was elevated in tissues surrounding nodules and hepatomas as well as in well-circumscribed, poorly differentiated hepatomas, but it was depressed in nodules. CMP-NAN was not incorporated into GD1a in any tissue. In the various types of tumors, the relative levels of activities of blosynthetic enzymes of the monosialoganglioside pathway correlated with the glycolipid levels in this branch of the pathway. Normal rat liver contained high levels of the enzymes of the disialoganglioside pathway in which tetrasialoganglioside is synthesized from hematoside via disialoganglioside intermediates. Specific activities of the branch-point enzyme CMPNAN: GM3 sialyltransferase were generally significantly lower than those of control livers in all hepatoma types, and a loss of CMP-NAN: Gal-GalNAc-(NAN)2-Gal-Glc-Cer (GD1b) sialyltransferase was observed in two of three well-circumscribed, poorly differentiated hepatomas. The specific activities of other biosynthetic enzymes of the disialoganglioside pathway, UDP-GalNAc:(NAN)2-Gal-Glc-Cer N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and UDP-Gal:GalNAc(NAN)2-Gal-Glc-Cer galactosyltransferase, were either near or above control activities in these same tumors. Deficiency of the branch-point enzyme may be a potentially important contributor to the progressive rise in the ratio of GM1 + GD1a to GD1b + GT [NAN-Gal-GalNAc-(NAN)2-Gal-Glc-Cer or (NAN)3-Gal-Glc-Cer] characteristic of hepatomas. These findings suggested that glycolipid alterations during tumorigenesis are a direct reflection of alterations in the activities of their respective biosynthetic enzymes.
Complex treatment of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in asthmatic patient including anti-IgE therapy - A case report
Authors: Olga Ruzickova Kirchnerova, Milan Terl, Hynek Mirka, Jan Baxa, Vladan Hrabe
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: ABPA is an immunologic pulmonary disorder caused by hypersensitive reactions to Aspergillus fumigatus colonizing patient's bronchial tree. The prevalence in general population is between 1-2%, in patients with corticosteroid dependent asthma and cystic fibrosis in about 8-10%. Early and correct diagnosis along with its adequate treatment is essential in preventing of bronchiectasis which presence is associated with unfavorable prognosis of this disease. The standard treatment includes systemic corticosteroids (SCS) and antifungal agents (AFA). The biological therapy in ABPA is discussed.

Methods: A case report of 56 year old woman with ABPA, manifested as uncontrolled severe persistent asthma with frequent exacerbations. We compared effects of 1. standard inhaled CS treatment, 2. combination of SCS with AFA and 3. Anti-IgE therapy using lung function tests, FENO, total IgE level, spec.IgE level to Aspergillus fumigatus, ACT questioner and clinical course assessment.

Results: We found significant improvement in all parameters after 4 weeks of SCS + AFA therapy. Significant improvement has been observed in all parameters after 16 weeks, 8 months, 1year and 2 years of anti-IgE, with no need of AFA and SCS. Only one exacerbation of ABPA was observed during 24months of anti-IgE treatment. No adverse effects from anti-IgE therapy were observed.

Conclusion: Anti-IgE therapy could prove to be an alternative targeted treatment options in patients with ABPA. Successful response to anti-IgE in severe asthma patients with ABPA could result in reduced need of AFA and SCS therapy, stable lung function and lower risk of exacerbations.
Novel method for assessment of the right ventricular contractile dysfunction in patients with severe COPD
Authors: Olena Krakhmalova, Daria Kalashnyk
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aims and objectives : To develop a new diagnostic criterion for RV contractile function assessment in patients with COPD. Methods: Forty patients with COPD of III-IV stages (mean age of 58,4 ± 7,3) with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH, PA systolic pressure ± 43,9 mmHg) and 30 healthy individuals (mean age of 52,5 ± 6,9) were examined. For each patient the calculation of the geometric center of the right ventricle (RVGC), amplitude and angle of RVGC vector displacement, using an original method for secondary processing of ultrasound images normal and for COPD.

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Results: The amplitude of the RVGC movement in healthy individuals was a=1,8±0,36 cm vs a1=0,92±0,23 cm in patients with COPD (p <0,01), and the angle of RVGC vector displacement in normal a=137 ±15° vs a1=155 ±14° in COPD (p <0,01). Conclusions: The assessment of amplitude and angle of movement of the RVGC vector can be used as a quantitative ultrasound criteria of the RV contractile dysfunction in COPD associated with PH.

 [1]: pending:yes