tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized trial of avatrombopag, an investigational thrombopoietin-receptor agonist, in persistent and chronic immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: James B. Bussel, David J. Kuter, Louis M. Aledort, Craig M. Kessler, Adam Cuker, Kelly B. Pendergrass, Shande Tang, Joe McIntosh
Journal: Blood (2014)
Neutropenia in patients with inflammatory arthritis treated with sulphasalazine.
Authors: M Farr, D P Symmons, D R Blake, P A Bacon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

This report describes two patients who developed severe neutropenia one month after starting sulphasalazine (SASP) as treatment for their inflammatory joint disease. Both recovered on stopping the drug. Six further cases (out of a series of 180 patients with inflammatory forms of arthritis receiving SASP therapy) in whom transient leucopenia occurred are also recorded. These patients were able to continue the drug under close supervision. Sulphasalazine is a useful addition to the small number of slow acting antirheumatic drugs (SAARDs) and, despite this complication, is safer than other SAARDs. Careful monitoring of patients is essential, however, particularly in the early stages of treatment, to detect this adverse reversible reaction promptly.
STUDIES ON THROMBOCYTOSIS. I. HYPERKALEMIA DUE TO RELEASE OF POTASSIUM FROM PLATELETS DURING COAGULATION1
Authors: Robert C. Hartmann, Joseph V. Auditore, Dudley P. Jackson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1958)

Remarkable elevation of the serum potassium concentration without associated manifestations of hyperkalemia was observed in a patient with an unexplained increase in the blood platelets (1).Studies of the phenomenon in this patient indi- cated that the excess of potassium was derived from the platelets during the coagulation of the blood.Hyperkalemia was encountered in certain other patients with thrombocytosis.In contrast, no striking elevation of the serum potassium con- centration was observed when normal platelets were concentrated in vitro. METHODS AND MATERIALSPreparation of native blood and plasma specimens.Native (without anticoagulant) blood and plasma speci- mens were processed by previously described methods with reliance on the use of low temperatures and silicone- treated 2 equipment (2, 3).Platelet-free plasma was prepared from the blood specimen only after prior sepa- ration of platelet-rich plasma.Preparation of acid-citrate-dextrose plasma.Acid- citrate-dextrose3 (ACD) solution was added to whole blood prior to centrifugation in the proportion of one part of the anticoagulant to four parts of blood.Isolation of platelets.Blood (300 to 500 ml.) was col- lected from an antecubital vein into silicone-treated tubes packed in an icebath.Saftidonor4 sets were used for
Usefulness of Double-Balloon Endoscopy in the Diagnosis of Malignant Small-Bowel Tumors
Authors: Hirokazu Yamagami, Nobuhide Oshitani, Shuhei Hosomi, Takehisa Suekane, Noriko Kamata, Mitsue Sogawa, Hirotoshi Okazaki, Kenji Watanabe, Kazunari Tominaga, Toshio Watanabe, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Tetsuo Arakawa
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)
Unequal pupil size in patients with unilateral red eye.
Authors: G E Rose, R V Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1991)

patients was almost certainly due to twiddler's syndrome2-that is, manipulation by the patient.Cassey et al and Ball et al reported the use of a metal port in similar patients to ours and found a high incidence of problems including venous thrombosis, occlusion of the catheter, and detachment or fracture of the catheter.34Cassey et al suggested that these ports should be used only in inpatients because of septic complications.Our only case of reversible occlusion of the catheter occurred while the patient was in hospital.Thrombosis of the catheters was avoided by flushing them after use and regular monthly flushing with heparinised saline (10 U/ml) when they were not in use.No cases of sepsis occurred despite self treatment at home.We attribute this to careful selection of the patients and training and to the nature of the infused fluid (antibiotics rather than nutrition or chemotherapy).A comparative study of different devices is required.The plastic implantable port is cheaper than alter-native metal ports but more expensive than external silicone catheters, this being offset by the reduction in aftercare necessary and the lack ofseptic complications.We therefore recommend the use of the plastic im- plantable port in patients requiring intermittent but long term treatment with parenteral antibiotics.It is simple to insert and use, has a low rate ofcomplications, is relatively cheap, and is cosmetically preferable to the patient.
High prevalence of HTLV-I infection among the family members of a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma from northeastern Japan
Authors: Kazuyuki Shimizu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is transmitted through infected lymphocytes mostly by breast feeding. In the present study, high prevalence of HTLV-I infection was disclosed in the family members of a patient with adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL), all of whom were residents of Iwate, northeastern Japan. Long-term follow-up is necessary for people with HTLV-I infection because of the risk of developing ATL after a certain period of latency. New inventive treatments for the acute and lymphomatous types of ATL are needed.
The Teaching of Inheritance of Disease to Medical Students*
Authors: MADGE THURLOW MACKLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 April 1933The Teaching of Inheritance of Disease to Medical StudentsA Proposed Course in Medical GeneticsMADGE THURLOW MACKLIN, A.B., M.D.MADGE THURLOW MACKLIN, A.B., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-10-1335 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptGenetics has made greater strides in the last twenty-five years than any other of the biological sciences. So exact has this study become that the position of the ultimate determiner of hereditary characters is plotted on a chromosome map with the same exactitude with which the explorer denotes the geographical position of any given place on the earth's surface. With such an increase in knowledge, it is inevitable that an application of genetics to man should be made. Because it is much easier to trace the hereditary wanderings of somepeculiarcharacter through a human pedigree than it is to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MADGE THURLOW MACKLIN, A.B., M.D.Affiliations: London, Canada*Received for publication July 5, 1932. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byToward a comparative history of medical genetics as a medical specialty in North AmericaGraphical and Computationally Intensive Techniques for Presenting and Disseminating Information About the Genetics of DiseaseTracing the shifting sands of ‘medical genetics’: what’s in a name?On the Relevance of the “Genetics-Based” Approach to Medicine for Sociological Perspectives on Medical Specialization*Professionalization theory, medical specialists and the concept of “national patterns of specialization” 1 April 1933Volume 6, Issue 10 Page: 1335-1343 Keywords Chromosomes Genetics ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
Routine Perioperative Dipyridamole 2O1TI Imaging in Diabetic Patients Undergoing Vascular Surgery: Is it necessary?
Authors: Stuart W Zarich, Mylan C Cohen, Stephen E Lane, Murray A Mittleman, Richard W Nesto, Thomas Hill, David Campbell, Stanley M Lewis
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

OBJECTIVE To assess the utility of dipyridamole thallium testing in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with diabetes undergoing vascular surgery. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Dipyridamole 201Tl myocardial scmtigraphy was performed preoperatively in 93 consecutive patients with diabetes undergoing peripheral vascular procedures. The utility of clinical and thallium variables in predicting cardiovascular complications was assessed. RESULTS Two groups of patients were identified: group A (36 patients) without clinical evidence of cardiac disease and group B (57 patients) with clinical evidence of cardiac disease. Dipyridamole thallium scans were abnormal in 21 of 36 (58%) of group A patients compared with 53 of 57 (93%) of group B patients (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Compared with group B patients with perfusion defects, group A patients with perfusion abnormalities tended to have fewer defects per scan (2.7 ± 1.5 vs. 3.6 ± 1.9, P = 0.05). No perioperative cardiac complications occurred in group A patients while perioperative cardiac complications occurred in 9 of 57 (16%, 95% CI 7-28%) group B patients (P = 0.01). For the entire study population, the complication rate was 10%. CONCLUSIONS Diabetic individuals without clinical markers for coronary artery disease appear to be at low risk for adverse postoperative cardiac events after vascular surgery. Preoperative myocardial perfusion imaging may add little to cardiovascular risk assessment in this subgroup of patients with diabetes.
Hemodynamic Characteristics of Neonates Following First Stage Palliation for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Ralph S. Mosca, Edward L. Bove, Dennis C. Crowley, Santinder K. Sandhu, M. Anthony Schork, Thomas J. Kulik
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background It is widely held that the postoperative course of patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) after stage 1 palliation is characterized by hemodynamic instability, which in part may be due to excessive pulmonary blood flow. Hence, avoidance of alkalosis and the use of minimally oxygen-enriched inspiratory gas are thought by many to be important, although there is little pertinent published data. This study was undertaken to characterize the postoperative course and to determine whether the F io 2 and blood pH are related to indices of hemodynamic stability in these infants. Methods and Results The postoperative course of 25 consecutive infants undergoing first stage palliation for HLHS were retrospectively reviewed and the following data were obtained: arterial pressure, arterial blood gas measurements, the inotropic agents used, and multiple respiratory parameters. There was one operative death, and 2 patients died within 2 days, but 22 were extubated (mean, 5.2±4.1 days after surgery). Hospital mortality was 24%. Mean pH was ≥7.51 for the first 9 hours after surgery and was ≥7.45 for the entire period. The mean F io 2 was ≥50% for the first 18 hours. The Pa o 2 was appropriate (37±6 mm Hg at 1 hour after surgery, increasing to 45±5 mm Hg by hour 73). Only modest inotropic support was needed to maintain appropriate blood pressure. Conclusions These data suggest that neither alkalosis nor relatively high inspired oxygen necessarily cause hemodynamic instability in these patients. To what extent these results are generalizable is unclear, but they suggest that there is nothing inherent with HLHS that mandates postoperative hemodynamic instability or unacceptable mortality.
Gastroprotective effects of oral nucleotide administration
Authors: A Belo
Journal: Gut (2005)

Nucleotides form the building blocks of DNA and are marketed as dietary supplements, alone or in combination with other ingredients, to promote general health. However, there has been only limited scientific study regarding the true biological activity of orally administered nucleotides. We therefore tested their efficacy in a variety of models of epithelial injury and repair.Effects on proliferation ([3H] thymidine incorporation) and restitution (cell migration of wounded monolayers) were analysed using HT29 and IEC6 cells. The ability of a nucleotide mixture to influence gastric injury when administered orally and subcutaneously was analysed using a rat indomethacin (20 mg/kg) restraint model.In both cell lines, cell migration was increased by approximately twofold when added at 1 mg/ml (p<0.01); synergistic responses were seen when a mixture of nucleotides was used. Cell proliferation was stimulated by adenosine monophosphate (AMP) in HT29, but not in IEC6, cells. Gastric injury was reduced by approximately 60% when gavaged at 4-16 mg/ml (p<0.05), concentrations similar to those likely to be found in consumers taking nucleotide supplements. Systemic administration of nucleotides was unhelpful.Nucleotides possess biological activity when analysed in a variety of models of injury and repair and could provide a novel inexpensive approach for the prevention and treatment of the injurious effects of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and other ulcerative conditions of the bowel. Further studies on their potential benefits (and risks) appear justified.
Deficiency of a leukocyte surface glycoprotein (LFA-1) in two patients with Mo1 deficiency. Effects of cell activation on Mo1/LFA-1 surface expression in normal and deficient leukocytes.
Authors: M A Arnaout, H Spits, C Terhorst, J Pitt, R F Todd
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Mo1, a phagocyte surface glycoprotein heterodimer, is involved in a number of phagocyte adhesion functions such as binding and ingestion of serum-opsonized particles, zymosan-induced degranulation, and superoxide generation. Deficiency of this antigen in humans has been associated with increased susceptibility to recurrent bacterial infections. The beta subunit of Mo1 is shared by another surface glycoprotein named LFA-1, which is involved in lymphocyte proliferation, cytolytic T cell, and natural killing activities. Two unrelated patients with Mo1 deficiency were found to be deficient in LFA-1 as well as in the common beta subunit. Investigation of lymphocyte functions in these two patients revealed normal mixed leukocyte culture-generated cytolytic T cell and natural killing activities and significantly reduced proliferative response to phytohemagglutinin. LFA-1-deficient cells also proliferated in response to soluble antigen and different alloantigens. These responses were partially blocked by anti-LFA-1 antibody. Whereas LFA-1 was undetectable by immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation on the patients' resting T cells, significantly reduced (approximately 5% of normal) but detectable amounts of the heterodimeric LFA-1 antigen were found on mitogen and alloantigen-activated T cells. On granulocytes, Mo1 surface expression was also dependent on the state of cellular activation. The amount of surface Mo1 present on resting normal granulocytes increased by 3-10-fold following exposure to stimuli that induced degranulation, suggesting the presence of a major intracellular pool for this antigen. Analysis of subcellular fractions from granulocytes showed that intracellular Mo1 is located primarily in the specific granule fraction. Activated granulocytes had little or no increase in their surface expression of LFA-1 antigen. Deficient granulocytes had significantly increased numbers of Mo1 antigen expressed on the surface following stimulation with calcium ionophore (1 microM). However, the amount expressed continued to be significantly reduced compared with normal cells. Quantitation of surface Mo1 on granulocytes exposed to calcium ionophore (1 microM) showed that both parents in one family but only the mother in the other family had significantly reduced levels of Mo1, suggesting heterogeneity in the inheritance of this disorder. Whereas LFA-1 deficiency on lymphocytes was associated with normal alloantigen-induced cytolytic T cell and natural killing activities in these two patients, functions which were in part dependent on small amounts of detectable LFA-1 antigen, the Mo1 deficiency state led to significant defects in phagocyte adhesion functions. Hence, the clinical symptoms associated with this combined deficiency state reflect a more profound phagocyte than lymphocyte disorder.
PRIMARY SARCOMA OF THE LOWER LIP
Authors: J. VINCENT FALISI
Journal: JAMA (1928)

While in textbooks of surgery and pathology and in numerous articles in the journals the subject of carcinoma or epithelioma of the lip is exhaustively treated, the space devoted to sarcoma of the lip is surprisingly small, and, since this condition is as serious as epithelioma, it must be that it is comparatively rare. Before reporting another case, I think that it may be of interest to review briefly the few cases which I have been able to find described in the literature. Of these fourteen cases, the diagnosis was doubtful in at least two, in two it was mistaken, and in three others the growth was probably not primary in the lip itself. <h3>REVIEW OF CASES</h3><h3>Case 1.1</h3> —This report is of a painful tumor of the upper lip with multiple recurrences but no demonstrable metastasis. A definite diagnosis was not attempted, though "alveolar sarcoma with melanosis, or
When Sports and HIV Share the Bill, Smart Money Goes on Common Sense
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

IT ISN'T GOING to be easy to put all the magic back in basketball, but at least efforts are being made to keep more athletes—on professional, college, and high school teams—from disappearing. In the wake of Earvin (Magic) Johnson's apparent retirement from the Los Angeles (Calif) Lakers after he announced that he was infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the National Basketball Association (NBA) has taken the lead among professional US sports organizations in making sure players are fully informed about HIV infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). At the same time, none of the organizations has announced any restrictions on infected team members. Physicians and health educators from The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, Md, have begun a long-term program of providing disease prevention education and information to everyone on the 27 NBA teams. As new players come into the organization, they will
Ex vivo priming for long-term maintenance of antileukemia human cytotoxic T cells suggests a general procedure for adoptive immunotherapy
Authors: Daniela Montagna, Rita Maccario, Franco Locatelli, Vittorio Rosti, Young Yang, Peggy Farness, Antonia Moretta, Patrizia Comoli, Enrica Montini, Antonella Vitiello
Journal: Blood (2001)
Progressive loss of bone in the femoral neck in elderly people: longitudinal findings from the Dubbo osteoporosis epidemiology study
Authors: G Jones, T Nguyen, P Sambrook, P J Kelly, J A Eisman
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To determine prospectively the rates of change in bone mineral density in elderly people and to examine the relation between lifestyle and demographic factors and these rates of change.Longitudinal population based study.Dubbo, New South Wales, Australia.Representative sample (n = 769) of residents aged > or = 60 on 1 January 1989.Rates of change in bone mineral density measured prospectively (mean scan interval 2.5 years) at the femoral neck and lumbar spine by dual energy x ray absorptiometry.Summary rates of loss in the femoral neck were 0.96% per year (95% confidence interval 0.64% to 1.28%) in women and 0.82% per year (0.52% to 1.12%) in men. Importantly, rates of loss at the femoral neck (both percentage and absolute) increased in both sexes with advancing age. No significant loss was evident in either sex at the lumbar spine, probably because of coexistent osteoarthritis. Lifestyle factors had only modest effects on rates of loss at either site.These data show that bone density of the femoral neck declines at an increasing rate in elderly people, and as this site is predictive of fracture suggest that treatment to minimise bone loss may be important even in very elderly people.
Transgene of MIF induces podocyte injury and progressive mesangial sclerosis in the mouse kidney
Authors: Satoshi Sasaki, Jun Nishihira, Teruo Ishibashi, Yoshiki Yamasaki, Katsuyuki Obikane, Masayo Echigoya, Yoshikazu Sado, Yoshifumi Ninomiya, Kunihiko Kobayashi
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Characterization of a Novel Symptom of Advanced Heart Failure: Bendopnea
Authors: Jennifer T. Thibodeau, Aslan T. Turer, Sarah K. Gualano, Colby R. Ayers, Mariella Velez-Martinez, Joseph D. Mishkin, Parag C. Patel, Pradeep P.A. Mammen, David W. Markham, Benjamin D. Levine, Mark H. Drazner
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)

This study sought to examine the frequency and hemodynamic correlates of shortness of breath when bending forward, a symptom we have termed "bendopnea."Many heart failure patients describe bendopnea such as when putting on their shoes. This symptom has not previously been characterized.We conducted a prospective study of 102 subjects with systolic heart failure referred for right-heart catheterization. Time to onset of bendopnea was measured prior to catheterization. Forty-six subjects also underwent hemodynamic assessment when sitting and bending. Hemodynamic profiles were assigned on the basis of whether pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) was ≥ 22 mm Hg and cardiac index (CI) was ≤ 2.2 l/min/m(2).Bendopnea was present in 29 of 102 (28%) subjects with median (25th, 75th percentiles) time to onset of 8 (7, 11) seconds. Subjects with bendopnea had higher supine right atrial pressure (RAP) (p = 0.001) and PCWP (p = 0.0004) than those without bendopnea but similar CI (p = 0.2). RAP and PCWP increased comparably in subjects with and without bendopnea when bending, but CI did not change. In those with, versus without, bendopnea, there was more than a 3-fold higher frequency of a supine hemodynamic profile consisting of elevated PCWP with low CI (55% vs. 16%, respectively, p < 0.001) but no association with a profile of elevated PCWP with normal CI (p = 0.95).Bendopnea is mediated via a further increase in filling pressures during bending when filling pressures are already high, particularly if CI is reduced. Awareness of bendopnea should improve noninvasive assessment of hemodynamics in subjects with heart failure.
Birth cohorts in asthma and allergic diseases: Report of a NIAID/NHLBI/MeDALL joint workshop
Authors: Jean Bousquet, James E. Gern, Fernando D. Martinez, Josep M. Anto, Christine C. Johnson, Patrick G. Holt, Robert F. Lemanske, Peter N. Le Souëf, Robert S. Tepper, Erika R.M. von Mutius, S. Hasan Arshad, Leonard B. Bacharier, Allan Becker, Kathleen Belanger, Anna Bergström, David I. Bernstein, Michael D. Cabana, Kecia N. Carroll, Mario Castro, Philip J. Cooper, Matthew W. Gillman, Diane R. Gold, John Henderson, Joachim Heinrich, Soo-Jong Hong, Daniel J. Jackson, Thomas Keil, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, Karin C. Lødrup Carlsen, Rachel L. Miller, Isabelle Momas, Wayne J. Morgan, Patricia Noel, Dennis R. Ownby, Mariona Pinart, Patrick H. Ryan, Julie M. Schwaninger, Malcolm R. Sears, Angela Simpson, Henriette A. Smit, Debra A. Stern, Padmaja Subbarao, Rudolf Valenta, Xiaobin Wang, Scott T. Weiss, Robert Wood, Anne L. Wright, Rosalind J. Wright, Alkis Togias, Peter J. Gergen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
The Biologic Possibility of HIV Transmission During Passionate Kissing-Reply
Authors: Marcello Piazza
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply. —  Our study does not intend to give evidence that kissing transmits acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, but only to suggest that this event is biologically possible.  Complete inactivation of HIV by salivary inhibitor after 30 minutes' incubation in vitro has been reported. 1 However, in vitro inactivation cannot be compared with inactivation in the oral cavity during kissing.  As far as transmission during oral sex is concerned, recent investigations 2,3 indicate that this can occur by saliva (infection has been reported in men whose only sexual activity was insertive fellatio). A recent study 4 reports transmission of HIV infection from a 70-year-old woman infected by blood transfusion to her 72-year-old husband, who had had no sexual activity except kissing for many years. Transmission of HIV has also been reported from oral lesions in infants infected in the hospital by mothers during breast-feeding. 5   The analogy of kissing to needle-stick