tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validation of tidal breathing analysis in the diagnosis of asthma among Filipino children aged 1 month-6 years
Authors: Sherlyn Corpuz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy of Tidal Breathing Analysis in diagnosing asthma in Filipino Children aged 1 month to 6 years as compared with the Philippine Consensus for Asthma as a reference standard.  This is a cross-sectional validation study. Lung function was measured and analyzed using the tidal flow-volume loops (masterscreen Paed Jaeger Pediatric) in 119 sedated young children (55 males, 64 females; mean age 2.6 years) who are suspected of having asthma, before and 15 minutes after inhalation of nebulized salbutamol. The result of the Tidal Volume per kilogram (VT/kg) and the ratios of the time and volume until peak expiratory flow to the total expiratory time and volume, respectively (TPTEF/TE and VPEF/VE) were recorded. Provocation test was also done and reversibility after salbutamol inhalation was recorded.  Results showed that the sensitivity of TBA was 36.2% and the specificity was 80.3%. The positive predictive value was 63.6% and the negative predictive value was 57.0%.  We conclude that Tidal Breathing Analysis is a good validating device to diagnose children with asthma who can not perform the pulmonary function test. However, the test is not a reliable screening method to children still suspected to have asthma. With these findings, all clinicians dealing with pediatric patients suspected with asthma should be vigilant in diagnosing and treating children with asthma.
Respiratory muscle activity and oxygenation during sleep in patients with muscle weakness
Authors: J E White, M J Drinnan, A J Smithson, C J Griffiths, G J Gibson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Patients with respiratory muscle weakness show nocturnal hypoventilation, with oxygen desaturation particularly during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, but evidence in individuals with isolated bilateral diaphragmatic paresis (BDP) is conflicting. The effect of sleep on relative activity of the different respiratory muscles of such patients and, consequently, the precise mechanisms causing desaturation have not been clarified. We have studied eight patients, four with generalized muscle weakness and four with isolated BDP during nocturnal sleep with measurements including oxygen saturation and surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of various respiratory muscle groups. Nocturnal oxygenation correlated inversely with postural fall in vital capacity, an index of diaphragmatic strength. During REM sleep, hypopnoea and desaturation occurred particularly during periods of rapid eye movements (phasic REM sleep). In most subjects, such events were "central" in type and associated with marked suppression of intercostal muscle activity, but two subjects had recurrent desaturation due to "obstructive" hypopnoea and/or apnoea. Expiratory activity of the external oblique muscle was present whilst awake and during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in seven of the eight subjects in the semirecumbent posture. This probably represents an "accessory inspiratory" effect, which aids passive caudal diaphragmatic motion as the abdominal muscles relax at the onset of inspiration. Expiratory abdominal muscle activity was suppressed in phasic REM sleep, suggesting that loss of this "accessory inspiratory" effect may contribute to "central" hypopnoea. We conclude that, in patients with muscle weakness, nocturnal oxygenation correlates with diaphragmatic strength.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cytokine-endothelial interactions in inflammation, immunity, and vascular injury.
Authors: R S Cotran, J S Pober
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1990)

This paper reviews the evidence that cytokines induce a variety of functional and structural alterations in endothelium and that cytokine-endothelial interactions play important roles in the evolution of inflammatory and immune responses. The effect of cytokines, particularly interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor, on leukocyte-endothelial adhesion has led to the discovery of several endothelial adhesion molecules, and the molecular and biological characteristics of these are described. Finally, the review discusses the possible contribution of cytokine-induced activation to vascular injury in such pathological processes as septic shock, the Shwartzman reaction, delayed hypersensitivity, and immune-mediated vasculitis.
Ruxolitinib in corticosteroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter survey
Authors: R Zeiser, A Burchert, C Lengerke, M Verbeek, K Maas-Bauer, S K Metzelder, S Spoerl, M Ditschkowski, M Ecsedi, K Sockel, F Ayuk, S Ajib, F S de Fontbrune, I-K Na, L Penter, U Holtick, D Wolf, E Schuler, E Meyer, P Apostolova, H Bertz, R Marks, M Lübbert, R Wäsch, C Scheid, F Stölzel, R Ordemann, G Bug, G Kobbe, R Negrin, M Brune, A Spyridonidis, A Schmitt-Gräff, W van der Velden, G Huls, S Mielke, G U Grigoleit, J Kuball, R Flynn, G Ihorst, J Du, B R Blazar, R Arnold, N Kröger, J Passweg, J Halter, G Socié, D Beelen, C Peschel, A Neubauer, J Finke, J Duyster, N von Bubnoff
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Identification of clinical stage A nonseminomatous testis cancer patients at extremely low risk for metastatic disease: a combined approach using quantitive immunohistochemical, histopathologic, and radiologic assessment.
Authors: I Leibovitch, R S Foster, K K Kopecky, P Albers, T M Ulbright, J P Donohue
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To evaluate previously determined predictors of metastasis in low-stage testis cancer in a consecutive group of clinical stage A patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ninety-one consecutive clinical stage A nonseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) patients who underwent primary nerve-sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (NSRPLND) had orchiectomy specimens and computed tomographic (CT) scans evaluated blindly in a quantitative fashion. These scores were then correlated with pathologic stage using previously determined paradigms. RESULTS Using volume of embryonal carcinoma in the orchiectomy specimen, lymph node diameters in the primary landing zones and MIB-1 staining of the orchiectomy specimen, 41 patients were classified as low risk for metastasis. Forty of these 41 had pathologic stage A disease at RPLND. CONCLUSION These parameters can identify a low-risk group of patients for metastasis who can be rationally offered surveillance.
Crosstalk between endothelin-1 and BMPR2 signaling contributes to smooth muscle cell hyperplasia
Authors: Hidekazu Maruyama, Céline Dewachter, Asmae Belhaj, Benoit Rondelet, Myriam Remmelink, Jean-Luc Vachiery, Robert Naeije, Laurence Dewachter
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Increased endothelin-1 (ET-1) production and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor type 2 (BMPR2) signaling deficiency have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, little is known about the crosstalk between these signaling pathways and its potential implication in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) hyperplasia in PAH. Aims and objectives: We sought to evaluate the effects of ET-1 on BMPR2 signaling and the functional impact of this on PASMC proliferation. Methods: Gene expressions of BMPR2, BMP agonist (BMP4) and BMP antagonists (gremlin1 and PRDC) were evaluated in primary cultured PASMCs isolated from PAH patients (n=5) and controls (n=12) treated with increasing concentrations of ET-1 (0.1 - 1 µM). In control PASMCs pretreated with ET-1 (0.1 – 1 µM), the effects of BMP2 (10 ng/mL) on PASMC proliferation and on inhibitor of DNA binding protein 1 (Id1) expression were assessed respectively by MTT assay and RTQ-PCR. Results: In PASMCs isolated from PAH patients, BMPR2 and BMP4 expressions decreased, while expressions of gremlin1 and PRDC increased. In control PASMCs, ET-1 induced increased expressions of gremlin1 and PRDC, while BMPR2 and BMP4 expressions dose-dependently decreased reaching similar levels, as those observed in PAH PASMCs. BMP2-treated control PASMCs presented increased Id1 expression, while this was reduced by ET-1 pretreatment. In control PASMCs, BMP2 inhibited serum-induced proliferation. This anti-proliferative effect was attenuated by ET-1 pretreatment. Conclusion: Endothelium-derived ET-1 downregulates BMPR2 signaling in PASMCs. This might contribute to PASMC hyperplasia observed in PAH.
Effect of amifostine on toxicities associated with sequential chemotherapy and radiation therapy for unresectable non-small-cell lung cancer: results of a phase II trial.
Authors: S P Tannehill, M P Mehta, M Larson, B Storer, J Pellet, T J Kinsella, J H Schiller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To determine the effect of amifostine on the safety and efficacy of induction chemotherapy with high-dose cisplatin and vinblastine followed by large-field thoracic irradiation to 60 Gy in patients with stage IIIA or IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-six patients with unresectable stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC were entered onto the study between May 1991 and November 1994. Patients received amifostine (740 or 910 mg/m2) followed by cisplatin (120 mg/m2) on days 1 and 29. Vinblastine (5 mg/m2) was given weekly for 5 weeks with no amifostine pretreatment. Following chemotherapy, patients received amifostine (340 mg/m2 4 days a week for 5 weeks, or 200 mg/m2 5 days a week for 6 weeks) 15 minutes before definitive thoracic radiation therapy to a total dose of 60 Gy in 6 weeks. RESULTS Twenty-five patients were assessable for response and survival. The objective response rate was 60%. One-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates were 55%, 23%, and 23%. There was no grade 3 or greater renal toxicity during chemotherapy or grade 3 or greater esophagitis during radiation therapy. Neutropenia (secondary to vinblastine use) was the only grade 4 toxicity. There were no treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION Amifostine can be administered safely with high-dose cisplatin, vinblastine, and radiation therapy for NSCLC. The response rate and survival data provide no evidence that amifostine impairs response to treatment. Amifostine appears to reduce cisplatin-related nephrotoxicity and radiation-induced esophagitis.
Assessment of treatment efficiency in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease combined with gastroesophageal reflux disease during treatment with melatonin
Authors: Viktoriya Kamenir, Daria Kalashnyk, Olga Korotchenko, Elena Hetman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The AIM  : To evaluate the impact of the additional treatment with melatonin in 6 months after the treatment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in combination with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).    Materials and Methods:  we observed 131 patients. There were 62 patients with COPD combined with GERD, 39 patients with GERD and 30 control individuals. Patients of the 1st group were divided into 2 subgroups: 1a - received standard treatment of COPD and GERD + melatonin 3mg per day, 1b - the standard treatment of COPD and GERD, 2 - standard treatment ofGERD.We evaluatedthe number of COPD exacerbations in 6 months after the treatment.    Results  : In 6 months after the treatment we found 32,2% more non-exacerbated COPD in group of patients taken melatonin. 1 COPD exacerbation took place 19,7% more often, 2 exacerbations 9,7% more often and 3 exacerbations 3,2% more often in subgroup 1b (p = 0,001).No significant differences in spirometric indices were found in any subgroup with comorbid diseases after the treatment and in 6 months after the treatment. This point can be assessed as a positive indicator of prescribed treatment.    Conclusions   : Patients additionally received melatonin had significantly lower number of COPD exacerbations during 6 months after treatment compared with patients who did not take.Thus, combination of melatonin with standard treatment of COPD conjuncted with GERD gives a fairly long-lasting positive effect.
Future horizons in vitiligo research: focusing on the recommendations of the Cochrane systematic review ‘Interventions for vitiligo’ 2010
Authors: V. Eleftheriadou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The 'Implications for research' section of the Cochrane systematic review, 'Interventions for vitiligo', published in 2010, highlighted three main issues that impact the standard of vitiligo research: (i) lack of consensus on the classification and definition of vitiligo; (ii) lack of consensus on the methods of assessment and outcome measures for vitiligo; and (iii) heterogeneity of interventions compared. This article provides an update of the progress made to resolve these issues since the publication of the Cochrane systematic review in 2010, 'Interventions for vitiligo'.
Anti-interleukin 8 Autoantibody:Interleukin 8 Complexes in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: ANNA KURDOWSKA, JAMES M. NOBLE, KENNETH P. STEINBERG, JOHN T. RUZINSKI, LEONARD D. HUDSON, THOMAS R. MARTIN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Increased levels of interleukin 8 (IL-8) are found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids from patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). However, IL-8 is not an efficient predictor of the course of ARDS. Our prior studies demonstrated that IL-8 present in lung fluids from patients with ARDS is associated with anti-IL-8 autoantibodies (anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes). These data led us to hypothesize that the complexes might better predict the development of acute lung injury. Accordingly, we measured concentrations of free and complexed IL-8 in BAL fluids from 19 patients at risk and 45 with established ARDS on Days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 after the onset of ARDS. The concentrations of anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes in patients with ARDS on Day 1 were significantly higher than in patients at risk (p < 0.05). There was a significant association between anti-IL-8:IL-8 complex concentrations and the onset of ARDS (p = 0.03). Similarly, anti-IL-8:IL-8 complex concentrations were significantly higher in patients on Day 1 of ARDS who later died (p < 0.05), and the association between high anti-IL-8: IL-8 complex concentrations and the probability of dying was significant (p = 0.03). The presence of anti-IL-8:IL-8 complexes in BAL fluids of patients with ARDS is an important prognostic indicator for the development and outcome of ARDS.
The Role of MRI in Breast Cancer Screening
Authors: Constance D. Lehman, Robert A. Smith
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2009)

The 2009 NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology for Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis include significant updates for the role of MRI in screening women at increased risk for breast cancer. The NCCN now recommends considering breast MRI as an adjunct to annual mammography and clinical breast examination for women who have a BRCA1 or - 2 mutation or who have a first-degree relative who has a BRCA1 or - 2 mutation but who have not undergone genetic testing themselves; those who are determined to have a lifetime risk greater than 20% based on models that are highly dependent on family history; and those with a history of lobular carcinoma in situ. MRI is also recommended for patients who underwent radiation treatment to the chest between 10 and 30 years of age, and in those who carry or have a first-degree relative who carries a genetic mutation in the TP53 or PTEN genes (Li-Fraumeni, Cowden, and Bannahyan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndromes). MRI is specifically not recommended for screening women at average risk for breast cancer. This article describes the peer-reviewed, published clinical research trials evaluating breast MRI in high-risk patients, on which the NCCN guidelines were based, and provides suggestions for future research.
Diagnostic Accuracy of the Spectralis and Cirrus Reference Databases in Differentiating between Healthy and Early Glaucoma Eyes
Authors: Anna L. Silverman, Naama Hammel, Naira Khachatryan, Lucie Sharpsten, Felipe A. Medeiros, Christopher A. Girkin, Jeffrey M. Liebmann, Robert N. Weinreb, Linda M. Zangwill
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Synergistic association of elevated serum free fatty acid and glucose levels with large arterial stiffness in a general population: The Nagahama Study
Authors: Yasuharu Tabara, Yoshimitsu Takahashi, Kazuya Setoh, Takahisa Kawaguchi, Norimoto Gotoh, Chikashi Terao, Ryo Yamada, Shinji Kosugi, Akihiro Sekine, Takeo Nakayama, Fumihiko Matsuda
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
Erectile dysfunction in patients with psoriasis: increased prevalence, an unmet need, and a chance to intervene
Authors: J.M.R. Goulding, C.L. Price, C.L. Defty, C.S. Hulangamuwa, E. Bader, I. Ahmed
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Male erectile dysfunction (ED) is common, frequently caused by pelvic arterial atherosclerosis, and is a predictor of future cardiovascular disease. There is an emerging association between psoriasis, the metabolic syndrome and atherosclerotic disease. We hypothesized that ED occurs more commonly in patients with psoriasis, at least in part due to incipient atherosclerosis, which may offer an opportunity for early intervention.To determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, ED in patients with psoriasis in comparison with a heterogeneous dermatology outpatient control group.We conducted a pilot study with a prospective observational cross-sectional design, recruiting consecutive adult male dermatology outpatients diagnosed with psoriasis or any other skin condition. Sexually active participants completed a questionnaire, a Dermatology Life Quality Index and the validated five-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5).Fifty-three of 92 (58%) patients with psoriasis recorded an IIEF-5 score indicative of ED, compared with 64 of 130 (49%) control patients, reflecting an age-adjusted odds ratio of 2·007 (95% confidence interval 1·088-3·701; P = 0·026). A multivariable logistic regression model indicated that increasing age and hypertension, but not a diagnosis of psoriasis, were independent risk factors for ED in our study population.We present the largest survey of ED in patients with skin disease, and the first to posit the potential link between psoriasis, ED and atherosclerosis. We suggest that an assessment of sexual function should be part of the routine holistic care provided for dermatology outpatients, and highlight the need to screen for cardiovascular risk factors in those with documented ED.
Panobinostat in combination with bortezomib in patients with relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma: an open-label, multicentre phase 2 trial
Authors: Daryl Tan, Colin Phipps, William Y K Hwang, Soo Yong Tan, Chun Hsien Yeap, Yiong Huak Chan, Kevin Tay, Soon Thye Lim, Yuh Shan Lee, Sathish Gopalakrishnan Kumar, Soo Chin Ng, S Fadilah, Won Seog Kim, Yeow Tee Goh
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
Dose-intensification of MVAC with recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor as initial therapy in advanced urothelial cancer.
Authors: A D Seidman, H I Scher, J L Gabrilove, D F Bajorin, R J Motzer, M O'Dell, T Curley, D D Dershaw, S Quinlivan, Y Tao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to define an escalated dose schedule of methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (E-MVAC) with hematopoietic growth-factor support, to define the ability to deliver E-MVAC with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on 21- and 14-day schedules, and to assess the ability of rhG-CSF to maintain dose-intensity over four cycles of chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with transitional-cell carcinoma of the urothelium received E-MVAC in a phase I investigation. Patients were treated on an every-21-day (n = 19) or every-14-day schedule of administration (n = 4), with rhG-CSF support. Delivered dose-intensity was calculated at the completion of four cycles of therapy relative to the planned administration of conventional MVAC (relative dose-intensity [RDI]). Peripheral-blood progenitor cell kinetics in these patients were studied prospectively. RESULTS Overall, the delivered RDI was 33% higher than the previously reported delivered dose-intensity of MVAC without hematopoietic support (140% for doxorubicin, 51% for cisplatin). Dose-intensity was well maintained through three cycles of therapy, after which leukopenia and thrombocytopenia became dose-limiting. Sixty-nine percent of patients with measurable disease responded, four (25%) with complete remissions. In five patients treated beyond the maximally tolerated dose (MTD), a 50- to 200-fold increase in G-CSF, granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), and interleukin-3 (IL-3)-responsive peripheral-blood progenitor cells over baseline was observed after 9 days of rhG-CSF administration. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate the feasibility and limitations of dose intensification of M-VAC with rhG-CSF. While the overall impact of the increased drug administration can only be assessed in randomized comparisons, the results of the present trial suggest that escalations of the components of the four-drug regimen are unlikely to improve significantly the outcome for patients with advanced urothelial tract tumors.
Circulating Kidney Injury Molecule-1 Levels in Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Justin L. Grodin, Antonio L. Perez, Yuping Wu, Adrian F. Hernandez, Javed Butler, Marco Metra, G. Michael Felker, Adriaan A. Voors, John J. McMurray, Paul W. Armstrong, Robert M. Califf, Randall C. Starling, Christopher M. O'Connor, W.H. Wilson Tang
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2015)
Pentoxifylline for treatment of cancer anorexia and cachexia? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: R M Goldberg, C L Loprinzi, J A Mailliard, J R O'Fallon, J E Krook, C Ghosh, R D Hestorff, S F Chong, N F Reuter, T G Shanahan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE Based on evidence that suggests pentoxifylline can inhibit tumor necrosis factor, we set out to evaluate the activity and toxicity of this drug in patients with cancer-associated anorexia and/or cachexia. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy patients with an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 to 2 with cancer anorexia and/or cachexia (defined by a weight loss of &gt; or = 5 lb in the preceding 2 months or a caloric intake &lt; 20 kcal/kg/d) were stratified and then randomly assigned to receive pentoxifylline or identical-appearing placebo tablets in a double-blind fashion. Patients' weights were monitored and patient questionnaires were used to assess appetite, toxicity, and perception of benefit. RESULTS Pentoxifylline failed to improve the appetites of study patients. Pentoxifylline did not appear to cause any toxicity. CONCLUSION This study failed to demonstrate any benefit of pentoxifylline at this dose and schedule as therapy for cancer anorexia and/or cachexia.
A novel Lin−CD34+CD38− integrin α2− bipotential megakaryocyte–erythrocyte progenitor population in the human bone marrow
Authors: W M Wong, M Dolinska, M Sigvardsson, M Ekblom, H Qian
Journal: Leukemia (2015)

Haematopoiesis is a highly organized and complex developmental process where the hematopoietic stem cells lie at the apex of hierarchy and differentiate into all types of lineage-committed progenitors and mature blood cells.Identifying the distinct lineage-primed progenitors and gaining insights into the lineage commitment events are important for dissecting the developmental pathways of normal haematopoiesis and for understanding the underlying mechanisms in leukemogenesis.In the adult human bone marrow (BM), megakaryocyteerythrocyte progenitors (MEPs) have been identified in the committed progenitor enriched lineage-marker negative (Lin-) CD34+CD38+ compartment as CD123-CD45RA-, while common myeloid progenitors and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors have been defined as CD123 lo CD45RA-and CD123 lo CD45RA+, respectively. 1However, in vitro single cell cultures have shown CFU-C * *** % CFU-MK 0 15 5 20 % CFU-GM % BFU-E α 2 + α 2 -10 α 2 + α 2α 2 + α 2 -