tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1374: A Novel eNOS-Independent Protective Action of Statin against Angiotensin II-Induced Atrial Remodeling Via Attenuating Rac-1-Mediated Oxidative Stress
Authors: Shusuke Yagi, Masashi Akaike, Ken-ichi Aihara, Kazue Ishikawa, Takayuki Ise, Sumiko Yosihda, Yuka Sumitomo, Yasumasa Ikeda, Takashi Iwase, Takeshi Soeki, Toshio Matsumoto, Masataka Sata
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Activation of the renin-angiotensin system exacerbates atrial remodeling, leading to atrial fibrillation (AF) and thrombosis, especially in a condition with decreased nitric oxide bioavailability. Although antiarrhythmic and anticoagulation agents are used under these pathological conditions, these drugs are not able to ameliorate atrial remodeling. Recently, it has been reported that statins reduce the incidence of AF through attenuating atrial remodeling; however, the mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. This study was designed to determine the beneficial effect of pitavastatin (Pit) against angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced atrial remodeling and to elucidate its mechanism. eNOS knockout mice were sham-operated or infused with Ang II by an osmotic mini-pump for 2 weeks, and Ang II-infused mice were divided into 3 treatment groups: Pit, tempol, a free radical scavenger, or a vehicle. Echocardiography and electrocardiography showed that Ang II infusion increased left atrial volume and caused a high incidence of AF, whereas Pit and tempol treatment prevented Ang II-induced left atrial enlargement and AF. Histological analysis showed that acceleration of Ang II-induced interstitial fibrosis, perivascular fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in the atrium were all attenuated by Pit and tempol treatment. Immunohistochemistry showed that Ang II down-regulated thrombomodulin and up-regulated tissue factor and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in the left atrium and that Pit and tempol treatment corrected the Ang II-induced thrombogenic condition. Moreover, Pit and tempol reduced Ang II-induced atrial superoxide production, detected by dihydroethidium staining, and atrial TGF- β 1 expression and Smad 2/3 phosphorylation. Activity of Rac-1-GTPase involved in the activation of NADPH oxidase in the atrium was attenuated by Pit but not by tempol. Pit exerts eNOS-independent protective actions against Ang II-induced atrial structural and electrical remodeling with enhanced thrombogenicity through suppressing Rac-1-mediated oxidative stress, leading to suppression of the TGF- β 1/Smad pathway.
Randomised, placebo-controlled, trial comparing low dose versus standard dose Lenograstim (L) following myeloablative chemotherapy (HDT) and peripheral blood progenitor cell rescue (PBPCR) for lymphoma
Authors: L. Nolan, S. Chilton, P. Lorigan, R. Else, P. Smith, J. W. Sweetenham, P. W. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7624 Background: This trial was performed to determine whether low-dose or standard dose L would influence recovery of haematopoiesis following HDT and PBPCR. Methods: 61 patients (pts) with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (40) or Hodgkin’s disease (21) undergoing HDT were randomised. Pts had normal peripheral blood counts prior to HDT (Hb ≥100g/L, total white cell count ≥ 3.0, neutrophils (N) ≥ 1.0 and platelets ≥ 50, and had a minimum 2.5 million CD34+ cells/kg PBPC previously collected following mobilisation with Cyclophosphamide 3g/m2 and G-CSF. All received HDT with BCNU 300mg/m 2 d-7, Etoposide 200mg/m2 od d-5-d-2, Cytosine arabinoside 200mg/m 2 bd d-5-d-2 and Melphalan 140mg/m 2 d-1 before return of PBPC on D0. Pts were allocated standard dose L 263mcg daily (20 pts), low dose L 105mcg daily (21 pts) or placebo injections (20 pts). These commenced on day +5 following PBPCR and continued until N≥0.5. Pts received standard supportive care including prophylactic Fluconazole and Acyclovir, but not routine antibacterial prophylaxis, until haemopoietic recovery. Results: L at any dose resulted in a significantly shorter median time to N recovery ≥0.1 (10.0 vs 11.0 days, P=0.02) and ≥0.5 (11.0 vs 14.0 days, p=0.0003) compared to placebo. The only significant difference between standard- and low-dose L was in hospital stay (21.0 vs 22.0 days, p=0.04), however L at any dose showed a significant reduction over placebo (22.0 vs 23.0 days, p=0.01). Conclusions: Short course low dose L is as effective as standard dose in reducing neutrophil engraftment time following HDT and PBSCR. L at any dose reduces hospital stay when compared to placebo. This approach should be considered for those patients in whom growth factor support is indicated. Long-term follow-up data will be presented. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 16547: Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Validate a Novel Iks Activator as a Potential Therapeutic for Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Moshe Rav Acha, Kenta Nakamura, Robert Mills, Stacey Lynch, Travis Hinson, Patrick Ellinor, Bruce R Conklin, Sean Wu, David J Milan
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Identifying modifiable risk factors for rehospitalization: a case- control study of seriously mentally ill persons in Mississippi
Authors: G Sullivan, K B Wells, H Morgenstern, B Leake
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors sought to identify risk factors for rehospitalization in a seriously mentally ill population, focusing on factors that have the potential to be modified through community-based interventions.A case-control design was used in which 101 "case" subjects (recently readmitted psychiatric patients) and a comparison group of 101 subjects living in the community who had been previously hospitalized at the same time as the case subjects, but who in contrast had not been readmitted, were matched on gender, ethnicity, and length of time at risk for rehospitalization. The setting was the Mississippi public mental health system during the first 3 months of 1988, including Mississippi State Hospital and the 10 community mental health regions in its catchment area. The subjects were between the ages of 18 and 55 years, had had at least one previous Mississippi State Hospital admission, and had a primary chart diagnosis of schizophrenia; 197 informants, mostly family members, were also included in the study. Data were collected from structured interviews of subjects and informants, direct observation ratings of subjects, Mississippi State Hospital administrative records, and community mental health center administrative records.Medication noncompliance, comorbid alcohol abuse, and a high level of criticism of subjects by informants were associated with greater risk of rehospitalization, while types and extent of outpatient service use, access to care, quality of life, and demographic variables (other than ethnicity and gender) were not.These findings imply that interventions aimed at improving medication compliance, reducing alcohol abuse, and helping families cope with their mentally ill relatives could reduce the risk of hospitalization in this population.
Surgical Anatomy of the Liver and Biliary Tree
Authors: David M. Nagorney, Jonathan A. Van Heerden
Journal: Liver Cancer (1985)

The liver is the largest abdominal viscus, weighing between 1.2 and 1.8 kg in the adult (2% of the total body weight). It occupies a fixed position in the right upper quadrant of the peritoneal cavity with its left lateral portion extending across the abdominal midline into the medial left upper quadrant. The wedge-shaped liver has essentially two surfaces: a convex superior and a flat or slightly concave inferior surface. Superiorly, the diaphragm, lower ribcage, and inferior vena cava abut the liver. Inferiorly, the liver is bounded by the abdominal esophagus, stomach, lesser omentum, proximal duodenum, extrahepatic bile duct, gallbladder, hepatic flexure of the colon, right kidney, and right adrenal gland.
Mammography Screening for Breast Cancer
Authors: Robert A Smith, Karla Kerlikowske, Diana L Miglioretti, Mette Kalager
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

e31(1) C ase Vignet te A 40-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a routine health maintenance examination. Overall, she has been feeling well. She takes no medications. She lives with her husband and their two children, who are 7 and 11 years of age. She underwent menarche at the age of 12. Before the birth of her first child, she took combined oral contraceptives for 6 years. She breast-fed each of her children for approximately 1 year. For the past 4 years, she has used a levonorgestrel intrauterine device for contraception. She works as an accountant and exercises on the weekends. Her diet includes regular consumption of fish, chicken, and vegetables, and she eats red meat once a week. She does not smoke, and she consumes an average of four glasses of wine each week. Her family history is notable for prostate cancer in her father that was diagnosed when he was 75 years of age and hypertension in her mother that was diagnosed when she was 60 years of age. There is no history of colon cancer, lung cancer, or breast cancer among her parents or grandparents. She undergoes a complete physical examination, including a clinical breast examination. All findings are normal. She has never undergone mammography, and she asks her primary care physician about recommendations regarding mammography screening. Which one of the following approaches do you find appropriate for women who, like the woman in the vignette, are at average risk? Base your choice on the published literature, your own experience, recent guidelines, and other sources of information, as appropriate.
Abstract 17380: Endocardial Mapping Findings After Previous Surgical Maze Using Bipolar Radiofrequency Clamps With and Without Electrical Endpoint
Authors: Luigi Di Biase, J. David Burkhardt, Javier Sanchez, Rodney Horton, Prasant Mohanty, G. Joseph Gallinghouse, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Steven Hao, Richard Hongo, Salwa Beheiry, Robert A. Schweikert, Dhanunjay Lakkireddy, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction:  Minimally invasive surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) utilizing radiofrequency bipolar clamps is becoming increasingly popular. The aim of this study was to evaluate differences during redo cases with percutaneous catheter ablation (PVI) following surgical ablation performed with or without proven electrical isolation.   Methods:  64 patients undergoing percutaneous PVI following surgical ablations with bipolar radiofrequency clamps have been included in this study. During the surgical procedure in 27 patients electrical isolation was confirmed by pacing maneuvers while in 37 patients no electrical isolation was proven. Fluoro and procedural times to achieve isolation as well as sites of PVs reconnection during the percutaneous redo cases were collected and analyzed.   Results:  No differences in term of sex, age, LA diameter, E.F.and AF type were found between groups. In patients with proven PVs isolation during the surgical procedure the redo endocardial ablation required less radiofrequency and fluoro times and a lower number of PVs showed reconnection. In this group, the most frequent reconnected veins were the right inferior and the left superior PVs.   Conclusions:  This study shows that catheter ablation of AF following surgical ablations with radiofrequency clamps require less procedural and fluoro times when isolation is confirmed at the time of the surgery.
Abstract 19687: High-Density Lipoprotein Leads to Stimulation of Endothelial Protein Kinase C-β2 and Inhibition of eNOS-Activating Pathways in Patients with Coronary Disease: Role of Paraoxonase-1 Inactivation
Authors: Christian Besler, Kathrin Heinrich, Lucia Rohrer, Meliana Riwanto, Carola Doerries, Diana M Shih, Keiko Yonekawa, Sokrates Stein, Nicola Schaefer, Costantina Manes, Christophe Wyss, Willibald Maier, Christian M Matter, Aldons J Lusis, von Eckardstein Arnold, Alan M Fogelman, Thomas F Lüuscher, Ulf Landmesser
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been shown to exert important atheroprotective effects and HDL-targeted therapies are currently evaluated as a potential novel therapy in coronary dis...
Contact Lens Wearer Demographics and Risk Behaviors for Contact Lens-Related Eye Infections – United States, 2014
Authors: Jennifer R. Cope, Sarah A. Collier, Maya M. Rao, Robin Chalmers, G. Lynn Mitchell, Kathryn Richdale, Heidi Wagner, Beth T. Kinoshita, Dawn Y. Lam, Luigina Sorbara, Aaron Zimmerman, Jonathan S. Yoder, Michael J. Beach
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Contact lenses provide safe and effective vision correction for many Americans. However, contact lens wearers risk infection if they fail to wear, clean, disinfect, and store their contact lenses as directed. Over the past decade, CDC has investigated several multistate outbreaks of serious eye infections among contact lens wearers, including Acanthamoeba keratitis. Each investigation identified frequent contact lens hygiene-related risk behaviors among patients. To guide prevention efforts, a population-based survey was used to estimate the number of contact lens wearers aged ≥18 years in the United States. A separate online survey of contact lens wearers assessed the prevalence of contact lens hygiene-related risk behaviors. Approximately 99% of wearers reported at least one contact lens hygiene risk behavior. Nearly one third of contact lens wearers reported having experienced a previous contact lens-related red or painful eye requiring a doctor's visit. An estimated 40.9 million U.S. adults wear contact lenses, and many could be at risk for serious eye infections because of poor contact lens wear and care behaviors. These findings have informed the creation of targeted prevention messages aimed at contact lens wearers such as keeping all water away from contact lenses, discarding used disinfecting solution from the case and cleaning with fresh solution each day, and replacing their contact lens case every 3 months.
The Linker Protein GAS7 Negatively Regulates Pre-B Cell Differentiation and Amplifies Proliferation and Survival Signals in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Jae-Woong Lee, Maike Buchner, Huimin Geng, Srividya Swaminathan, Eugene Park, Angela Park, Sue Lin-Chao, Chi Wai So, Markus Muschen
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 6210: The Relation between High Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Low Inflammation is Mediated by Autonomic Nervous System Function
Authors: Sae Young Jae, Kevin Heffernan, Bo Fernhall, Moon-Kyu Lee, Won Hah Park
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: Although observational studies have shown an inverse association between high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and low inflammatory markers independent of body fatness, the underlying mechanisms relating CRF to inflammatory markers are not fully understood. There is emerging evidence that autonomic nervous system function is related to inflammation. Because high CRF is related to improved autonomic function, we hypothesized that association between high CRF and low inflammatory markers would be affected by autonomic nervous system function. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on 2557 (mean age 57 ± 5 yrs) asymptomatic men who participated in a medical checkup program. Fasting blood samples for CVD risk factors including inflammatory markers were analyzed and CRF was measured by maximal exercise treadmill test with expired gas analysis. We used an index of cardiac autonomic imbalance defined as the ratio of resting heart rate with 1 minute of heart rate recovery after exercise (index of RHR/HRR). Results: CRF was significantly correlated with age (r=−0.41, p&lt;0.05), body mass index (BMI) (r=−0.11, p&lt;0.05), glucose (r=−0.13, p&lt;0.05), C-reactive protein (CRP) (r=−0.16, p&lt;0.05), white blood cell (WBC) (r=−0.17, p&lt;0.05), and index of RHR/HRR (r=−0.48, p&lt;0.05). Index of RHR/HRR was also significantly correlated with age (r=0.36, p&lt;0.05), glucose (r=0.23, p&lt;0.05), CRP (r=0.25, p&lt;0.05) and WBC (r=0.23, p&lt;0.05). In multivariable linear regression models that adjusted for age, BMI, smoking, diseases, medications, lipid profiles, glucose and systolic blood pressure, CRF was inversely associated with CRP (β=−0.09, p&lt;0.05). However, this relationship was no longer significant after adjusting for index of RHR/HRR in a multivariable linear regression model (β=−0.03, p=0.29). Conclusion: These results suggest that autonomic nervous system function significantly mediated the relationship between high cardiorespiratory fitness and inflammation, but further interventional research is needed to confirm this novel finding.
Cancer Ward
Authors: Paul Crichton
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The semi-autobiographical novel Cancer Ward is set in a cancer hospital in the Soviet province of Uzbekistan in the late 1950s. Like Solzhenitsyn, the main character, Oleg Kostoglotov (“bone chewer”) spends some years in the Gulag, is sentenced to perpetual exile in Kazakhstan, becomes ill with cancer, is treated in a cancer clinic, and makes a good recovery. The book describes the profound effects that the experience of labour camps, exile, and then cancer can have on an individual.

Cancer Ward is meant to be understood as a political allegory—tumours kill, so how can a country survive with “growths” like labour camps and exiles? The ward, with its heterogenous mix of patients from different ethnic groups and social backgrounds, reflects to a certain degree Soviet society. There are fierce debates on, for instance, social origin.The opportunistic apparatchik Rusanov, who has made a successful career out of denouncing friends as well as foes, prides himself on his proletarian forebears. Kostoglotov booms at him in response that even if he, Rusanov, had 10 proletarian grandfathers, if he were not a worker himself, he wouldn't be a proletarian.

What is much less well known than the allegorical dimensions of Cancer Ward is the psychological realism of the portraits of both patients and staff. We see how being admitted to the cancer ward is like being sent to the Gulag. In both cases there may be a loss of status, loss of individuality, and loss of a future perspective. We see how cancer can isolate sufferers from even their closest relatives and friends, how some patients become anxiously preoccupied and constantly check their bodies for physical changes, how they sometimes come to think that it is no longer they but the tumour that is in charge, and how they may feel as if they were dead. Patients are not unlike prisoners in that their lives resemble “a river that flows into the sands.”

Solzhenitsyn has an equally good understanding of the mindset of the doctors. The main purpose of the ward round is to improve the morale of the patients. Euphemisms, vague formulations, and downright lies are routine tools of the trade. The doctors rarely say what they think—until they sit down together later and “the general impression of improvement and recovery was completely exploded.” One patient who has not responded to treatment is simply ignored by the doctors. Patients are discharged before they can die in order to improve the clinical statistics—no palliative care here. In individual consultations with patients some of the doctors are more honest, and even show natural kindness, rather than mere professional kindness. When Ludmila Dontsova, the lead oncologist, becomes ill with cancer, she does not want to know anything about the details of her condition, treatment, or prognosis.

Cancer Ward is not only a forceful indictment of political abuse, but an insightful and cogent study of the psychological reactions of both doctors and patients to life threatening illness.
Combining Ibrutinib With Rituximab, Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine, and Prednisone (R-CHOP): Updated Results From a Phase 1b Study In Treatment-Naïve Patients With CD20-Positive B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL)
Authors: Ian Flinn, Jesus Berdeja, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Carla Casulo, Catherine Thieblemont, Franck Morschhauser, Jason R. Westin, Shobha Seetharam, Peter Hellemans, Hans Smit, Ronald de Vries, Elisa Dauphinee, Ccrp, Julie Badamo-Dotzis, Nele Fourneau, Yasuhiro Oki
Journal: Blood (2013)
Burden of illness and suicide in elderly people
Authors: M. Timonen
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—After reading the paper by Waern et al on the burden of illness and suicide in elderly people1-1 I was reminded of a remark by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939), who suffered greatly from cancer of the palate.

In 1926, speaking to “the American Viereck” (probably the journalist George Sylvester Viereck), he said, “It may be that the gods are merciful when they make our lives more unpleasant as we grow old. In the end, death seems less intolerable than the many burdens we have to bear.”1-2
Macrophage-Specific Lipid-Based Nanoparticles Improve Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Detection and Characterization of Human Atherosclerosis
Authors: Michael J. Lipinski, Juan C. Frias, Vardan Amirbekian, Karen C. Briley-Saebo, Venkatesh Mani, Daniel Samber, Antonio Abbate, Juan Gilberto S. Aguinaldo, Davis Massey, Valentin Fuster, George W. Vetrovec, Zahi A. Fayad
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Abstract 10780: Plaque Disruption Identified by Coronary CTA in Acute Coronary Syndrome Versus Stable Clinical Presentations
Authors: Abhay N Bilolikar, Ryan D Madder, Kavitha M Chinnaiyan, James A Goldstein
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The ability of coronary CT angiography (CTA) to detect plaque disruption has been recently validated. This study was performed to delineate the frequency of CTA-identified disrupted plaques in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) versus stable patients. Methods: We identified those undergoing CTA followed by invasive coronary angiography (ICA) within 60 days. Quantitative 3-vessel CTA lesion analysis was performed on all plaques to assess total volume, low attenuation plaque volume (LAP, <50 HU), and remodeling index. Plaques were further assessed for CTA features of disruption, including ulceration and intra-plaque dye penetration (IDP). ICA was used to determine the culprit status of plaques analyzed by CTA. Patients undergoing CTA for evaluation of ACS were compared to stable patients for the frequency of plaque disruption by CTA. Results: In 145 patients (94 ACS; 51 stable), 679 plaques were analyzed by CTA. CTA identified features of disruption in 177 lesions (26 %), including ulceration in 86 (...