tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cesium-Induced Torsades de Pointes
Authors: Arnold Pinter, Paul Dorian, David Newman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

To the Editor: Up to 50 percent of patients with cancer seek help in the form of alternative medicine.1 Such therapies may include cesium chloride, a blocker of the inward-rectifying potassium channel that is used in animal models to study the long-QT syndrome and torsades de pointes.2 We report a documented case of cesium-induced toxicity. A 62-year-old man presented with recurrent syncope. The patient had no history of cardiovascular disease, syncope, or palpitations and no family history of sudden death. Previously, the patient had had normal echocardiographic and laboratory data. The patient underwent a naturopathic treatment consisting of 2000 mg . . .
High-Resolution Optical Mapping of the Right Bundle Branch in Connexin40 Knockout Mice Reveals Slow Conduction in the Specialized Conduction System
Authors: Houman S. Tamaddon, Dhananjay Vaidya, Alexander M. Simon, David L. Paul, José Jalife, Gregory E. Morley
Journal: Circulation Research (2000)

Connexin40 (Cx40) is a major gap junction protein that is expressed in the His-Purkinje system and thought to be a critical determinant of cell-to-cell communication and conduction of electrical impulses. Video maps of the ventricular epicardium and the proximal segment of the right bundle branch (RBB) were obtained using a high-speed CCD camera while simultaneously recording volume-conducted ECGs. In Cx40(-/-) mice, the PR interval was prolonged (47.4+/-1.4 in wild-type [WT] [n=6] and 57.5+/-2.8 in Cx40(-/-) [n=6]; P<0.01). WT ventricular epicardial activation was characterized by focused breakthroughs that originated first on the right ventricle (RV) and then the left ventricle (LV). In Cx40(-/-) hearts, the RV breakthrough occurred after the LV breakthrough. Additionally, Cx40(-/-) mice showed RV breakthrough times that were significantly delayed with respect to QRS complex onset (3.7+/-0.7 ms in WT [n=6] and 6.5+/-0.7 ms in Cx40(-/-) [n=6]; P<0.01), whereas LV breakthrough times did not change. Conduction velocity measurements from optical mapping of the RBB revealed slow conduction in Cx40(-/-) mice (74.5+/-3 cm/s in WT [n=7] and 43.7+/-6 cm/s in Cx40(-/-) [n=7]; P<0.01). In addition, simultaneous ECG records demonstrated significant delays in Cx40(-/-) RBB activation time with respect to P time (P-RBB time; 41.6+/-1.9 ms in WT [n=7] and 55.1+/-1.3 ms in [n=7]; P<0.01). These data represent the first direct demonstration of conduction defects in the specialized conduction system of Cx40(-/-) mice and provide new insight into the role of gap junctions in cardiac impulse propagation.
LANGERHANS CELLS: INVOLVEMENT IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES
Authors: G. ROWDEN, M.G. LEWIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Journal Article LANGERHANS CELLS: INVOLVEMENT IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF MYCOSIS FUNGOIDES Get access G. ROWDEN, G. ROWDEN McGill University Cancer Research Unit, McIntyre Medical Sciences Building, 3655 Drummond St, Montreal, Quebec H3G 176, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.G. LEWIS M.G. LEWIS McGill University Cancer Research Unit, McIntyre Medical Sciences Building, 3655 Drummond St, Montreal, Quebec H3G 176, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 95, Issue 6, 1 December 1976, Pages 665–672, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1976.tb07044.x Published: 01 December 1976
Compensatory Growth of the Kidney
Authors: Ronald A. Malt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

COMPARED with the intense restorative activity in liver after a major resection,1 compensation seems indolent in the kidney deprived of its counterpart. Kidney weight increases within a day or two, but nearly a week passes before the enlargement is visible, and several more weeks are necessary before renal mass approaches the normal complement. Microscopical examination is scarcely more rewarding; it rarely shows more than a few mitotic figures and some cellular enlargement. Although resection of more than half the renal mass produces more intense growth and mitotic activity, the problems of local tissue injury, lymph flow and uremia so complicate . . .
Managing change in general practice: a step by step guide.
Authors: N. Spiegal, E. Murphy, A. L. Kinmonth, F. Ross, J. Bain, R. Coates
Journal: BMJ (1992)

BMJ 1992;304:231-4 Over the past five years general practitioners have been challenged by proposals from both the government and the Royal College of General Practitioners to funda? mentally change the administrative structure and day to day running of general practice.15 Changes range from individual practice based innovations, such as developing structured surveillance for chronic dis? orders and improving the provision of preventive services, to broader initiatives, such as performance review and an emphasis on medical audit. Though much attention has been paid to the content of such change, less energy has been directed towards establishing how change can be managed most effec? tively. Experience in industry suggests that even the most rational change can be obstructed if its imple? mentation is either badly planned or inadequately negotiated. Several models have been developed to assist the successful management of change,67 some of which have been applied to various aspects of the NHS.810 We discuss how one such model, which was first developed in industry, has been usefully applied in general practice settings. We worked with a management consultant (RC), who has considerable industrial experience, to develop and adapt a model for managing change for general practice; the model emphasises a team approach. We have applied this model to different situations in general practice, including introducing screening ser? vices and surveillance of chronic disorders, incorporat? ing new technology into practice administration, and improving liaison and effective working relationships between different professional groups.1112 The model can be used either by a practice that already functions as a cohesive team or by a person within the practice who wishes to move towards a team based decision in introducing change. In practices that already function well as a team, with regular meetings of the whole team in which each member's contribution is recognised and respected, the process of shared decision making about an innova? tion can be started with few of the preliminary steps described here. However, more often an innovation is sponsored by a single person. In this case the strategies described can be used to introduce an idea to other team members, to negotiate agreement and imple? mentation, if appropriate, in such a way that it strengthens the team and has maximum chance of success.
Abstract 740: Oncodesign translational drug discovery process
Authors: Jean-Francois Mirjolet, Francis Bichat, Xavier Tizon, Guillaume Serin, Zina Koob, Olivier Duchamp, Petra Blom, Cyril Berthet, Philippe Genne, Jan Hoflack
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Despite major advances in translational methods, oncology drug discovery remains a largely sequential process, in most cases starting from a molecular target with some initial but often limited relevance to the disease. It takes multiple years and investments in the order of 5-10 million US$ before a compound is validated in advanced efficacy and safety models. In addition, due to the remoteness of many of the models to real disease pathophysiology, attrition rates in clinical phases remain very high. We have developed and validated a flexible and iterative “Translational Drug Discovery Process”, in which multiple translational research platforms create a tight link between molecule development and cancer pathophysiology. Our “Translational Drug Discovery process” is based on multiple research platforms that are used as flexible building blocks to design an optimal process to advance compounds and position them towards precise oncology applications. These platforms include cellular models, in vivo tumourgrafts, phenotypic models and a multi-modality imaging platform. Recent additions that are based on fresh patient-derived tumour tissue include ex vivo 3D models and low passage tumourgrafts. We have also initiated a program to discover 18F-labeled kinase inhibitor based biomarkers/imaging tracers for use in PET applications. Our research base was recently completed with the addition of a diverse collection of potent and selective kinase inhibitors and the associated proprietary chemical technology. We will describe how we have validated the ex vivo 3D model, based on tumour tissue collected directly in patients or from low passage tumourgrafts in mice. After mincing in small fragments and culturing in poly-HEMA coated plates, the tumour fragments are treated with drug for 24h. Tissue-microarrays are created by fixing and embedding the fragments in paraffin. Different classes of reference compounds were analysed by immunohistochemistry of Ki67 (proliferation) and M30 (apoptosis) using automated quantification. Following this validation, the model is used to select promising new compounds from our internal collection for further optimization or to position advanced compounds from our clients. We will finally demonstrate how our “Translational Drug Discovery process” has allowed the identification of attractive compounds of high disease relevance at a fraction of the typical drug discovery cost within reduced timelines. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 740.
Comparison of Tc99m-DTPA and Indium-111 DTPA Studies of Baclofen Pump Function
Authors: Martin OʼConnell, Terence Z. Wong, Kevin E. Forkheim, Manoj Jain, Stephen W. Shipes, Herbert E. Fuchs
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

An intrathecal drug delivery system is composed of a programmable infusion pump implanted in an abdominal subcutaneous pocket and a connecting catheter, which is inserted in the intrathecal space in the spine, usually in the thoracic or lower cervical region. Intrathecal administration of Baclofen could help reduce limb spasticity, avoiding some of the side effects of oral Baclofen therapy. Radionuclide flow studies could be used to assess catheter patency, pump function, and evaluate for leaks adjacent to the pump reservoir. Indium-111 DTPA allows the assessment of pump function without interruption or a change in the rate of intrathecal drug delivery. However, the slow infusion rate requires that imaging continue for up to 72 hours. We present an example of a Tc-99m DTPA pump function study in which imaging was completed in 1 hour. Image quality with Tc-99m DTPA is superior to In-111 DTPA because of higher counts and lower energy emission. A disadvantage of this technique is that Baclofen must be emptied from the pump reservoir before the study.
Risk factors for thrombosis in nonembolic cerebrovascular disease
Authors: Sujata Mohanty, Renu Saxena, Madhuri Behari
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Thirty-seven young patients (less than 42 years of age) presenting with sudden onset of idiopathic nonembolic cerebrovascular disease were evaluated for underlying prothrombotic factors. Activated protein C resistance (APC-R) was measured by Dahlback's method and the modified method using factor V-deficient plasma. Activities of antithrombin (AT) III, protein C and S were measured. Anticardiolipin antibody was estimated by ELISA and lupus anticoagulant by kaolin clotting tests. APC-R was the most common defect (21.62%) followed by AT III deficiency and presence of anticardiolipin antibodies (5.6% each). The latter two were present together in one case. It is thus concluded that APC-R is the most common defect underlying idiopathic nonembolic cerebrovascular infarction in young individuals.
The Microcirculation in Diabetes
Authors: David I. Abramson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

This book consists of six articles dealing with the changes in the microcirculation of various organs and systems observed in diabetes. The contents are written by 12 contributors from the United States, England, Denmark, and Australia. One article discusses the microvascular responses observable in the retina of juvenile diabetics, the most characteristic change being a reversible vasodilation and increased permeability, a reaction pattern compatible with a state of relative tissue hypoxia. The microvascular dilation, the increases in total hemoglobin, and other findings are explained as compensatory adaptations by which the diabetic organism attempts to counteract the deficient erythrocytic oxygen-releasing capacity existing in diabetes. Another article is devoted to the consideration of a number of blood hyperviscosity syndromes that are found in diabetes, such as an elevation of plasma viscosity, aggregation of RBCs, rigidity of RBCs, and abnormal thrombus formation. The basement membrane of capillaries in diabetes is discussed in several
Mechanism of atrial sounds in atrial fibrillation. Phonoechocardiographic correlation. Report of a case.
Authors: V S Bamrah, C V Hughes, F E Tristani
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Audible atrial sounds were noted in a patient with congestive cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation with slow ventricular rate. Oscillatory motion of similar periodicity as fibrillation waves in the ECG and the sounds in the phonocardiogram was demonstrated in aortic and left ventricular walls, mitral, tricuspid and aortic leaflets by echocardiography. This suggests that the fibrillation motion of the atria is forceful enough to cause vibration of the cardiohemic system resulting in the audible sounds.
Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer Is Increased in Smokers' Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: Tomoko Betsuyaku, Mishie Tanino, Katsura Nagai, Yasuyuki Nasuhara, Masaharu Nishimura, Robert M. Senior
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), also called basigin, is present in the lung during development, but its expression in normal adult lung is minimal. Increases of EMMPRIN have been found in various forms of experimental lung injury. To determine whether EMMPRIN might be involved in alveolar injury/repair associated with smoking, we developed an ELISA for EMMPRIN and applied it to bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from never-smokers (n = 7), former smokers (n = 16), and current smokers (n = 58). The smoker groups included subjects with emphysema, as determined by high-resolution chest computed tomography. EMMPRIN levels were significantly elevated in current and former smokers (315 ± 20 and 175 ± 15 pg/ml SEM, respectively, compared with 31 ± 7 pg/ml in never-smokers), but the EMMPRIN levels of smokers with emphysema were not different from smokers without emphysema. Immunohistochemistry of smokers' lung tissue showed EMMPRIN in bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar macrophages, but EMMPRIN mRNA in alveolar macrophages was not different between current and never-smokers. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 was also detectable in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from some smokers but not in never-smokers. These findings indicate that smoking is associated with increased intrapulmonary EMMPRIN. Whether EMMPRIN is involved in smoking-induced lung pathology remains to be determined.
Compensation for Occupational Disease
Authors: STEPHEN I. RICHMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1983Compensation for Occupational DiseaseSTEPHEN I. RICHMAN, J.D.STEPHEN I. RICHMAN, J.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-2-277_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The letter by Weeks (1) appears to agree with the statement in my article (2) that workers' compensation claims of respiratory disability are often controverted because respiratory problems particularly are often unrelated to worksite exposures and frequently result from "ordinary diseases of life, social habits, or the aging process." The problem, according to Weeks, exists because occupational lung diseases are "clinically indistinguishable from those that arise from nonoccupational causes." The solution to this etiologic dilemma, argues Weeks, is topresumethat all lung disease is work-related and thereby to require the employer to prove that it is...References1. WEEKS J. Occupational lung disease. [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:668. LinkGoogle Scholar2. RICHMAN S. Why change? A look at the current system of disability determination and workers' compensation for occupational lung disease. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:908-14. LinkGoogle Scholar3. 20 Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 718 and 727. Google Scholar4. . Grading of pulmonary function tests. Dis Chest. 1967;52:270-1. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. RENZETTIRICHMAN AS. Current Medical Methods in Diagnosing Coal Workers' Pneumoconiosis, and a Review of the Medical and Legal Definitions of Related Impairment and Disability. Philadelphia: Franklin Research Center; May 1983; 15-31. Google Scholar6. MORGANLAPP WN. State of the art—respiratory disease in coal miners. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1976;113:531-59. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 321 Washington Trust Building, Washington, PA 15301 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1983Volume 99, Issue 2Page: 277-278KeywordsAgingDisabilitiesHabitsLungsPulmonary diseases Issue Published: 1 August 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Familial lipoprotein disorders in patients with premature coronary artery disease.
Authors: J J Genest, S S Martin-Munley, J R McNamara, J M Ordovas, J Jenner, R H Myers, S R Silberman, P W Wilson, D N Salem, E J Schaefer
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Genetic lipoprotein disorders have been associated with premature coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS The prevalence of such disorders was determined in 102 kindreds (n = 603 subjects) in whom the proband had significant CAD documented by angiography before the age of 60 years. Fasting plasma cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, apolipoprotein (apo) B, and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] values above the 90th percentile and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and apo A-I below the 10th percentile of age- and sex-specific norms were defined as abnormal. An abnormality was noted in 73.5% of probands compared with 38.2% in age-matched controls (p less than 0.001), with a low HDL cholesterol level (hypoalphalipoproteinemia) being the most common abnormality (39.2% of cases). In these kindreds, 54% had a defined phenotypic familial lipoprotein or apolipoprotein disorder. The following frequencies were observed: Lp(a) excess, 18.6% (includes 12.7% with no other dyslipidemias); hypertriglyceridemia with hypoalphalipoproteinemia, 14.7%; combined hyperlipidemia, 13.7% (11.7% with and 2.0% without hypoalphalipoproteinemia); hyperapobetalipoproteinemia (elevated apo B only), 5%; hypoalphalipoproteinemia, 4%; hypercholesterolemia (elevated LDL only), 3%; hypertriglyceridemia, 1%; decreased apo A-I only, 1%. Overall, 54% of the probands had a familial dyslipidemia; unclassifiable lipid disorders (spouse also affected) were found in 3%. No identifiable familial dyslipidemia was noted in 43% of kindreds of those; nearly half (45%) had a sporadic lipid disorder. Parent-offspring and proband-spouse correlations for these biochemical variables revealed that lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels are in part genetically determined, with Lp(a) showing the highest degree of parent-offspring correlation. CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that more than half of patients with premature CAD have a familial lipoprotein disorder, with Lp(a) excess, hypertriglyceridemia with hypoalphalipoproteinemia, and combined hyperlipidemia with hypoalphalipoproteinemia being the most common abnormalities.
A Case of Recurrent and Fatal Hypothermia in a Man with Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Geoffrey D. Applebaum, Brian Kim
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

Comment -I interpret these results to support the recommendation of both the American Kidney Foundation and the American Diabetes Association that ACR can be used instead of a timed collection.Timed collections, 24 h or otherwise, are very inconvenient and often not collected accurately.Since albumin excretion is highly variable from day to day (up to 25%), a repeat ACR to fulfill the criterion of two of three positive values within a 3-to 6-month period as recommended for the diagnosis of microalbuminuria would very likely have reduced the false-positive rate of 6%.Mogensen CE: Microalbuminuria predicts clinical proteinuria and early mortality in maturity-onset diabetes.
Therapy for Hepatitis C — The Costs of Success
Authors: Jay H. Hoofnagle, Averell H. Sherker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Welcomed and exciting results from three large, controlled trials of different regimens of oral antiviral agents for chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1, have now been published in the Journal.13 The regimens all included the combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir, two new direct-acting antiviral agents with potent activity against hepatitis C virus (HCV). The two drugs were given as a single tablet once daily for 8, 12, or 24 weeks, with or without ribavirin. The results were consistent and striking: the various regimens yielded rates of sustained virologic response of 93% to 99%. The combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir . . .
Prediction of Effectiveness of Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy by Intraperitoneal Scintigraphy in Patients With Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: KAZURO SUGIMURA, HIROMI OKIZUKA, YASUSHI KAJI, TETSUYA ISHIDA, OSAMU IWANARI, MANABU KITAO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Intraperitoneal scintigraphy with Tc-99m MAA was performed in nine patients with carcinomatous peritonitis secondary to ovarian or tubal carcinoma. Tc-99m MAA (370 MBq) and NaCl was delivered through an implantable injection port. For patients with good diffusion on intraperitoneal scintigraphy, intraperitoneal chemotherapy was effective. However, for patients with only local diffusion, intraperitoneal chemotherapy was not effective. Intraperitoneal scintigraphy can predict the effectiveness Intraperitoneal scintigraphy can predict the effectiveness of chemotherapy through the implantable injection port.
STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENICITY OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI
Authors: Marie Judith Foley, Mary Ruth Smith, W. Barry Wood
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

Four strains of Group A streptococci, possessing different degrees of virulence for both mice and rats, were tested for susceptibility to phagocytosis on glass slides, in glass roller tubes, and on the surfaces of freshly excised tissues and moistened filter paper. All of the tests were performed in the absence of serum to exclude the possible presence of opsonins. Only under conditions which allowed surface phagocytosis to take place was there a correlation between virulence and susceptibility to phagocytosis. A similar relationship between virulence and surface phagocytosis was also demonstrable in vivo during the early stages of experimental streptococcal peritonitis. Systematic study of the evolution of the peritonitis revealed that its outcome was determined by the phagocytic reaction which occurred in the first few hours of the infection.