tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abnormalities of Cardiac Sympathetic Innervation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Thomas Wichter, Michael Schäfers, Christopher G. Rhodes, Martin Borggrefe, Hartmut Lerch, Adriaan A. Lammertsma, Flemming Hermansen, Otmar Schober, Günter Breithardt, Paolo G. Camici
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —The frequent provocation of ventricular tachycardia by stress or catecholamines and the efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs with antiadrenergic properties suggest an involvement of the cardiac adrenergic system in arrhythmogenesis in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). Previous studies demonstrated abnormalities of the presynaptic uptake-1 assessed by 123 I-MIBG–single-photon emission computed tomography. Methods and Results —This study investigated neuronal reuptake of norepinephrine (uptake-1) and β-adrenergic receptor density in 8 patients with ARVC and 29 age-matched control subjects. All subjects underwent positron emission tomography with the volume of distribution (V d ) of [ 11 C]hydroxyephedrine ( 11 C-HED) used to assess presynaptic norepinephrine reuptake, the maximum binding capacity (B max ) of [ 11 C]CGP-12177 ( 11 C-CGP-12177) to assess postsynaptic β-adrenergic receptor density, and [ 15 O]H 2 O for quantification of myocardial blood flow. Patients with ARVC demonstrated a highly significant global reduction in postsynaptic β-adrenergic receptor density compared with that in control subjects (B max of 11 C-CGP-12177: 5.9±1.3 vs 10.2±2.9 pmol/g tissue, P &lt;0.0007), whereas the presynaptic uptake-1 tended toward reduction only (V d of 11 C-HED: 59.1±25.2 vs 71.0±18.8 mL/g tissue, NS). There were no differences in myocardial blood flow between the groups, and plasma norepinephrine was within normal limits in patients and control subjects. Conclusions —The findings demonstrate a significant reduction of myocardial β-adrenergic receptor density in patients with ARVC. This may result from a secondary downregulation after increased local synaptic norepinephrine levels caused by increased firing rates of the efferent neurons or as the result of impaired presynaptic catecholamine reuptake. These findings give new insights into the pathophysiology of arrhythmogenesis in ARVC, with potential impact on diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic management.
Enhanced outgrowth of EBV-transformed chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells mediated by coculture with macrophage feeder cells
Authors: Kwan-Ki Hwang, Xi Chen, Daniel M. Kozink, Marietta Gustilo, Dawn J. Marshall, John F. Whitesides, Hua-Xin Liao, Rosa Catera, Charles C. Chu, Xiao-Jie Yan, Micah A. Luftig, Barton F. Haynes, Nicholas Chiorazzi
Journal: Blood (2011)
Gene Expression Profiles in Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia Reflect the Effects of Hedgehog Signaling on Pancreatic Ductal Epithelial Cells
Authors: Nijaguna B. Prasad, Andrew V. Biankin, Noriyoshi Fukushima, Anirban Maitra, Surajit Dhara, Abdel G. Elkahloun, Ralph H. Hruban, Michael Goggins, Steven D. Leach
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Invasive pancreatic cancer is thought to develop through a series of noninvasive duct lesions known as pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN). We used cDNA microarrays interrogating 15,000 transcripts to identify 49 genes that were differentially expressed in microdissected early PanIN lesions (PanIN-1B/2) compared with microdissected normal duct epithelium. In this analysis, a cluster of extrapancreatic foregut markers, including pepsinogen C, MUC6, KLF4, and TFF1, was found to be up-regulated in PanIN. Up-regulation of these genes was further validated using combinations of real-time reverse transcription-PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry in a total of 150 early PanIN lesions from 81 patients. Identification of these gastrointestinal transcripts in human PanIN prompted assessment of other foregut markers by both semiquantitative and real-time reverse transcription-PCR, revealing similar up-regulation of Sox-2, Gastrin, HoxA5, GATA4/5/6, Villin and Forkhead 6 (Foxl1). In contrast to frequent expression of multiple gastric epithelial markers, the intestinal markers intestinal fatty acid binding protein, CDX1 and CDX2 were rarely expressed either in PanIN lesions or in invasive pancreatic cancer. Hedgehog pathway activation induced by transfection of immortalized human pancreatic ductal epithelial cells with Gli1 resulted in up-regulation of the majority of foregut markers seen in early PanIN lesions. These data show frequent up-regulation of foregut markers in early PanIN lesions and suggest that PanIN development may involve Hedgehog-mediated conversion to a gastric epithelial differentiation program.
THE NATURE OF PSORIASIS
Authors: Lionel Fry
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article THE NATURE OF PSORIASIS Get access Lionel Fry Lionel Fry The London Hospital, London E.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 12, 1 December 1968, Pages 833–835, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb11953.x Published: 01 December 1968
A man without gaiety
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Coffinites, as they were known, were not a bizarre sect devoted to an early death, either their own or that of others, but the numerous followers of Albert Isaiah Coffin, MD, an American herbalist (1790-1866), who left the United States in 1832 for Europe in the wake of a trial in which he was accused of having poisoned the person he called “the first man in America to die of cholera.”

Coffin lost no time and spared no effort in running down the orthodox practitioners of his day, though he always appended MD to his name, thereby having it both ways. He had been apprenticed to a country surgeon but …
Abstract 426: Sox2 expression in breast cancer stem cells: Possible mechanisms
Authors: Olatz Leis Esnaola, Arrate Eguiara, Alberdi Maria Jesus, Elorriaga Kepa, Ricardo Rezola, Angel G. Martin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The cancer stem cell (CSC) model does not imply that tumours are generated from transformed tissue stem cells. The target of transformation could be a tissue stem cell, a progenitor cell, or a differentiated cell that acquires self-renewal ability. The observation that induced pluripotency reprogramming and cancer are related has lead to the speculation that CSCs may arise through a reprogramming-like mechanism. Expression of pluripotency genes (Oct4, Nanog and Sox2) was tested in breast tumours by immunohistochemistry and it was found that Sox2 is expressed in early stage breast tumors. Mammosphere formation in culture was used to reveal stem cell properties, where expression of Sox2, but not Oct4 or Nanog, was induced. Over-expression of Sox2 increased mammosphere formation, effect dependent on continuous Sox2 expression; furthermore, Sox2 knockdown prevented mammosphere formation and delayed tumour formation in xenograft tumour initiation models. These findings suggest that reactivation of Sox2 represents an early step in breast tumour initiation, explaining tumour heterogeneity by placing the tumour-initiating event in any cell along the axis of mammary differentiation. Now we present evidence on what breast cancer specific mechanisms may control Sox2 expression activation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 426. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-426
P203 Management of obesity in respiratory clinics--are we doing enough?
Authors: S. Mandal, D. J. Powrie
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Obesity is a growing problem and as Respiratory Physicians we are encountering more patients in clinics with co-morbidities associated with obesity. We wished to determine what services were available to patients with respiratory disease and obesity. <h3>Methods</h3> We carried out a postal survey of respiratory departments in the UK. <h3>Results</h3> 211 surveys were sent out and 100 were returned. 57 hospitals ran specialist sleep clinics, of those that did not have specialist clinics 41 saw obese patients in their general respiratory clinics. We asked about baseline measurements taken in clinic (BMI, waist circumference and collar size); 1 unit took no measurements; 23 took 1 measurement (most commonly BMI) and 60 took 2 measurements and 16 took all 3 measurements. 95 respondents gave their patients advice regarding the management of obesity. 1 hospital had a dietician available in clinic, 89 referred to a dietician; however, 10 had no access to a dietician at all. Physicians were asked about screening for co-morbidities. 81 units screened for hypertension, of these 47 (58%) referred back to the GP for management, 12 (15%) treated the hypertension themselves and 3 referred to specialists. 43 screened for diabetes, of these 18 (42%) referred to the GP for management, 2 treated the diabetes themselves and 10 (23%) referred to specialists. 16 screened for hypercholesterolaemia, 8 referred to the GP for management and 3 (19%) treated the hypercholesterolaemia themselves. Physicians were asked what other forms of advice/services were available in clinic, Abstract P203 Table 1. Clinicians were asked to rate on a scale of 1–10 about how happy they were with their current service, the average score was 4.55. We then asked how they felt their service could be improved, most commonly clinicians felt a dietician should be present in clinic (n=22) and that the service/clinic should be in a multidisciplinary format (n=16). Despite obesity and its co-morbidities being common, management in clinics is variable, as is access to services. An integrated pathway for the management of obesity may improve outcomes.
P702Systemic inflammation and anti-connective tissue antibodies in coronary artery disease
Authors: AR Babaeva, SI Davidov, AA Tarasov, MA Gordeeva
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: the pathogenesis and manifestation of coronary artery disease (CAD) are closely connected with the endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plague (AP) status. Systemic and local inflammations play a key role in AP formation and its further instability. Inflammatory damage of AP leads to connective tissue components release with consequent immune stimulation. The aim of investigation was to evaluate the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels and serum antibodies against the connective tissue antigens (anti-collagen, anti-hyaluronic acid, anti-chondroitin-sulfate) in CAD pts in comparison with control persons. Methods: 312 patients with different clinical forms of CAD and 50 persons without clinical, laboratory and instrumental findings of CAD were recruited in this investigation. The levels of CRP, TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6 and antibodies against collagen (ACA), hyaluronic acid (AHA) and chondroitin-sulfate (ACSA) were measured by ELISA in serum samples. Results: The CAD pts were similar to the controls with respect to age, gender, associated conditions. The serum levels of CRP, TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6, ACA, AHA and ACSA were significantly higher in CAD pts than in control group. Elevations of CRP, all from three cytokines and antibodies levels were more prominent in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), especially in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. However pts with unstable angina also demonstrated increased serum levels of CRP, determined cytokines and antibodies. TNF-a, IL-1b, IL-6, ACA, AHA and ACSA evaluation in ACS was more informative than C-reactive protein (CRP) and more informative than CRP, troponin I and T tests in unstable angina group. Conclusions: Obtained data show that pathogenesis of CAD is associated with systemic inflammation and autoimmunity. The early phase of AP instability is accompanied by hypercytokinemia and specific anti-connective tissue antibodies formation, which can take part in progression of the lesion. Assessment of the serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-connective tissue antibodies can be used for early diagnosis of ACS.
Pertussis — Not Just for Kids
Authors: Erik L. Hewlett, Kathryn M. Edwards
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Six weeks ago, a 45-year-old woman noticed a scratchy feeling in her throat that has now progressed to more than 20 episodes of severe, spasmodic coughing per day. Her coughing spells are worse at night and are sometimes associated with gagging and vomiting. Her adolescent son and several of his friends had similar illnesses several weeks before the onset of her symptoms, and they continue to cough. How should the patient be assessed for possible pertussis? Should she be treated and, if so, how? Could this illness have been prevented?
Attenuation of Prazosin Effect on Cardiac Output in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: STEPHEN B. ARNOLD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

The persistence of the hemodynamic effects of prazosin was studied in 12 patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Multidose evaluation involving five 5-mg doses showed the initial decrease in systemic vascular resistance and increase in cardiac index, stroke work index, and stroke volume index to be transient. Doubling the dose did not restore effect. Modest decreases in pulmonary capillary-wedge and mean arterial pressures persisted throughout the study. In six patients, plasma prazosin concentration measured at times of hemodynamic observations showed the initial hemodynamic effect of prazosin to attenuate upon further administration despite mean plasma concentrations that exceeded those measured after the first dose. In patients with chronic heart failure, resting hemodynamic studies suggest a rapid attenuation of prazosin-mediated hemodynamic effect in the presence of adequate plasma concentration. Recognizing this phenomenon, if long-term prazosin therapy for congestive heart failure is contemplated, we suggest the hemodynamic response in individual patients be monitored.
Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Oral Health Status in Japanese Adults
Authors: Masayuki Ueno, Susumu Takeuchi, Akiko Oshiro, Kayoko Shinada, Satoko Ohara, Yoko Kawaguchi
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2010)

The objective of this study was to analyze the oral health among Japanese adults, with and without diabetes mellitus.The subjects were 518 community residents aged 20 to 91 years in Japan, who participated in the "Akita health and nutrition survey" and the "Akita dental disease survey", conducted in 2006. The surveys comprised a self-administered questionnaire, along with medical and dental examinations.Using the community periodontal index (CPI), the mean numbers of sextants presenting codes 0, 1 and 2 were significantly lower in diabetics than non-diabetics among the 59 years or younger age group. Although the mean numbers of sextants with codes 0, 1 and 2 among the 60 to 69 years age group were lower, and sextants with a code X among the 59 years or younger age group were higher in diabetics than non-diabetics, no statistically significant differences were detected. The tendency of lower mean numbers of natural teeth and functional tooth units in diabetics than non-diabetics was observed, however no differences were statistically significant.The outcome of periodontal disease seemed to be influenced by the diabetic state to some degree, but a clear association between diabetes and oral health status was not found.
Women behaving badly
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (1996)

James is waiting for Sally to return home from London, where she has been presenting a paper. Not only is he able to fork pasta into his mouth while working on a thesis, without spilling any on to the keyboard of his laptop, but, we are told: “Down below his testicles are going into metabolic overdrive.” Fortunately for the multitalented James he is unaware of these tumultuous events in his trousers, which will ensure that next time he makes love with Sally, he will ejaculate 700 million sperm into her vagina rather than the normal 200-400 million.

Abstinence doesn't enter into this particular equation either, as Channel 4's programme explains. According to Robin Baker and Mark Bellis of the University of Manchester, James is automatically compensating for Sally's possible infidelity. By keeping her “topped up” …
Effects of oral hypoglycemic agents and diet on protein metabolism in type 2 diabetes.
Authors: R Gougeon, K Styhler, J A Morais, P J Jones, E B Marliss
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

We tested whether oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA), gliclazide with or without metformin, during an isoenergetic (ISO) and then a low-energy diet (LED) improve the altered kinetics of whole-body protein metabolism in type 2 diabetes.A total of 13 type 2 diabetic patients (aged 51+/-2 years, weight 110+/-5 kg, BMI 41+/-1 kg/m2, fasting glucose [FSG] 11.5+/-0.9 mmol/l) (means+/-SEM) and 10 obese control subjects (48+/-3 years, 98+/-6 kg, 37+/-2 kg/m2, FSG 5.5+/-0.3 mmol/l) consumed an ISO, 1.5 g x kg(-1) x day(-1) protein for a body weight corresponding to a BMI of 25 (BMI25), a formula diet (7 days for obese control subjects, 15 days for diabetic patients), and then a 28-day LED with 50% of the energy of ISO but the same protein intake (101+/-2 g/day). OHAs were given during ISO (days 8-15) and LED. On days 6-8 (and 12-14 for diabetic subjects) of ISO and 26-28 of LED, the 60-h oral 15N-glycine method was used to obtain nitrogen flux (Q), synthesis (S), and breakdown (B). Muscle protein catabolism was estimated from N(tau)-methylhistidine (3MH) excretion.During ISO with hyperglycemia, Q, and B adjusted for fat-free mass, sex, and age were higher and nitrogen balance and net endogenous protein synthesis (S-B) lower than in control subjects (P<0.05). OHA decreased FSG (9+/-1 mmol/l) and 3MH and increased plasma insulin-to-glucose ratio, nitrogen retention, and S-B to levels in control subjects. The change in S-B correlated with that in FSG (r = -0.845, P = 0.001) and in fasting plasma C-peptide (r = 0.852, P = 0.0005). With LED and OHA, weight decreased 6.3 kg, glycemia reached near-normal levels, and nitrogen equilibrium was maintained; Q decreased by 7%, S and B by 11% (P<0.05) to values found in control subjects.OHA during ISO corrected protein turnover in relation to glycemia and plasma C-peptide. The LED maintained protein homeostasis in obese control subjects and, in diabetes patients with OHA, normalized protein metabolism. These findings have implications for diet and OHA prescription.
Redundant Publication: A Reminder
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer, Marcia Angell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Nobody is well served by the practice of reporting the same study in two journals, publishing a review of the same subject nearly simultaneously in two journals, or splitting a study into two or more parts and submitting each to separate journals. A recent mini-epidemic of attempts to publish redundantly in the Journal has alerted us to the need to remind authors and investigators of policies that seem to be breached increasingly often now. We have not called attention to this issue for several years, and a new generation of authors may have overlooked previous commentaries.1,2 Our guidelines regarding . . .
HIGH LEVELS OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ANTIBODY IN PATIENTS REQUIRING VASCULAR SURGERY FOR ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: E. Adam, J.L. Probtsfield, J. Burek, C.H. Mccollum, J.L. Melnick, B.L. Petrie, K.R. Bailey, M.E. Debakey
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
&amp;lsquo;I Took a Life because I Needed One&amp;rsquo;: Psychotherapeutic Possibilities with the Schizophrenic Offender-Patient
Authors: Murray Cox
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

This paper's fulcrum is a schizophrenic's explanation as to why he had taken a life: 'I took a life because I needed one.' It attempts to describe the exploration of therapeutic possibilities with the schizophrenic offender-patient. Particular attention is paid to the Associative Mode. This is a way of safely engaging with the patient in the depth of his experience without shattering his precarious defences. The discussion illustrates the close inter-dependence between the dynamic content of individual and group psychotherapy, the life of the hospital as a whole and the significance of therapeutic space being contained within a secure perimeter.
White Coat, Clenched Fist: The Political Education of An American Physician
Authors: Daniel M. Fox
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Intrafamilial transmission of hepatitis C in Egypt
Authors: Mostafa K. Mohamed, Mohamed Abdel-Hamid, Nabiel N. Mikhail, Fatma Abdel-Aziz, Ahmed Medhat, Laurence S. Magder, Alan D. Fix, Thomas G. Strickland
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract The incidence of hepatitis C (HCV) infection and associated risk factors were prospectively assessed in a cohort of 6,734 Egyptians from 2 rural villages who were negative for antibodies to HCV (anti-HCV). Initial and follow-up sera were tested for anti-HCV by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and possible incident cases were confirmed by using the microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) and tested for HCV RNA. All follow-up serum samples converting from negative to positive without detectable HCV-RNA were further tested by recombinant immunoblot assay. Over an average of 1.6 years, asymptomatic anti-HCV seroconversion occurred in 33 people (3.1/1,000 person-years [PY]), including 28 (6.8/1,000 PY) in the Nile Delta village (AES), where prevalence was 24% and 5 (0.8/1,000 PY) in the Upper Egypt village (baseline prevalence of 9%). The strongest predictor of incident HCV was having an anti-HCV–positive family member. Among those that did, incidence was 5.8/1,000 PY, compared ( P &lt; .001) with 1.0/1,000 PY; 27 of 33 incident cases had an anti-HCV–positive family member. Parenteral exposures increased the risk of HCV but were not statistically significant; 67% of seroconverters were younger than 20 years of age, and the highest incidence rate (14.1/1,000 PY) was in children younger than 10 who were living in AES households with an anti-HCV–positive parent. In conclusion , young children would especially benefit from measures reducing exposures or preventing infection with HCV. (Hepatology 2005.)