tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-Dose Statins and Atherosclerosis Regression—Reply
Authors: Steven E. Nissen
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Left ventricular systolic dysfunction during exercise and dobutamine stress in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Kazuyasu Okeie, Masami Shimizu, Hiroyuki Yoshio, Hidekazu Ino, Masato Yamaguchi, Toru Matsuyama, Toshihiko Yasuda, Junichi Taki, Hiroshi Mabuchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Assessment of patient pain at colonoscopy: are nurses better than endoscopists?
Authors: S Ramakrishnan, J Y Yiannakou, W R Ellis, I M Bain
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

The pain that patients recollect having experienced at colonoscopy is likely to influence uptake of the procedure. We used visual analogue scales to assess recollected pain shortly before discharge, and compared these scores with assessments by the endoscopist and the attending nurse. Data were complete for 426 procedures (90%). The mean perceived pain score for patients was 3.2, for endoscopists 2.8 and for nurses 3.1. On multivariate analysis, the endoscopists’ assessments of pain had little predictive value over and above those of nurses, whereas nurses’ assessments remained significant when adjusted for endoscopists’ assessments. Nurses were more accurate than endoscopists in gauging the pain of colonoscopy. This may be because endoscopists are focused on the video monitor while nurses are focused on the patient. More active use of nurses’ assessments might help keep pain to a minimum.
Improving Treatment of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The Role of Non-specialist Care Providers
Authors: Mashudat A. Bello-Mojeed, Muideen O. Bakare
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

Mashudat Bello-Mojeed and Muideen O. Bakare discuss the unmet challenges in care of children with autism spectrum disorders in low- and middle-income countries. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Now for some facts, with a focus on development and an explicit role for the L1
Authors: Bonnie D. Schwartz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Curiously, two central areas are unaddressed by Epstein et al.: (i) L1A–L2A differences; (ii) L2 development. Here, findings relevant to (i) and (ii) – as well as their significance – are discussed. Together these form the basis for contesting Epstein et al.'s “Full Access” approach, but nonetheless analyses of the L2 data argue for UG-constrained L2A. Also discussed is the inadequacy of accounts (like Epstein et al.'s) without an explicit and prominent role for the L1.
Paracardiac Cyst: Diagnosis By Ultrasound and Puncture
Authors: Richard O. Friday
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Pleuropericardial cysts rarely cause symptoms, and they are usually discovered as an incidental finding on a chest x-ray film. Their importance rests with the problem of distinguishing them from malignant tumors. Pleuropericardial cysts most commonly occur in the right cardiophrenic angle, but other sites such as the left cardiophrenic angle, the hila, and the anterior mediastinum have been reported. The majority are between 3 and 8 cm in diameter and on x-ray film they are seen as smooth, sharply demarcated, spherical or oval masses. If the cyst extends between the middle and lower lobes, the superior portion may be flattened so that the cyst assumes the shape of a teardrop.<sup>1</sup>In the past, a thoracotomy was necessary to prove that these asymptomatic masses were benign. We recently examined a patient with a right paracardiac mass and established its cystic nature by ultrasound examination; its benignity was
Training in paediatric life support
Authors: C Grange, R Bingham
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - K F H Teale discusses paediatric resuscitation training1; we wish to provide some detail on the two courses currently available. The paediatric advanced life support course is the European version of an international course originating in the United States in the late 1980s. Advanced paediatric life support has developed separately in Britain. Both are recognised by the Resuscitation Council (UK) and, between them, are intended to offer comprehensive training in the …
Chronic alcohol intake reduces retinoic acid concentration and enhances AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) expression in rat liver
Authors: Xiang-Dong Wang, Chun Liu, Jayong Chung, Felix Stickel, Helmut K. Seitz, Robert M. Russell
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Chronic ethanol intake may interfere with retinoid signal transduction by inhibiting retinoic acid synthesis and by enhancing activator protein-1 (AP-1) (c-Jun and c-Fos) expression, thereby contributing to malignant transformation. To determine the effect of ethanol on hepatic retinoid levels, retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) gene expression, chronic ethanol (36% of total calorie intake) pair-feeding was conducted on rats for a 1-month period. Retinoic acid, retinol, and retinyl ester concentrations in both liver and plasma were examined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both retinoic acid receptor (α, β, γ) and AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) expression in the rat liver were examined by using Western blot analysis. Treatment with high-dose ethanol led to a significant reduction of retinoic acid concentration in both the liver and the plasma (11- and 8.5-fold reduction, respectively), as compared with animals pair-fed an isocaloric control diet containing the same amount of vitamin A. Similar to the retinoic acid reductions, both retinol and retinyl palmitate levels in the livers of the alcohol-fed group decreased significantly, but in smaller fold reduction (6.5- and 2.6-fold reduction, respectively). Ethanol did not modulate the expression of RARα, -β, and -γ genes in the liver. However, chronic alcohol feeding enhanced AP-1 (c-Jun and c-Fos) expression by 7- to 8-fold, as compared with the control group. These data suggest that functional down-regulation of RARs by inhibiting biosynthesis of retinoic acid and up-regulation of AP-1 gene expression may be important mechanisms for causing malignant transformation by ethanol.
Cytotoxicity of Human Endogenous Retrovirus K–Specific T Cells toward Autologous Ovarian Cancer Cells
Authors: Kiera Rycaj, Joshua B. Plummer, Bingnan Yin, Ming Li, Jeremy Garza, Laszlo Radvanyi, Lois M. Ramondetta, Kevin Lin, Gary L. Johanning, Dean G. Tang, Feng Wang-Johanning
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

To determine whether HERV-K envelope (ENV) protein could function as a tumor-associated antigen and elicit specific T-cell responses against autologous ovarian cancer cells.The expression of HERV-K transcripts and ENV protein, the presence of serum antibodies against HERV-K, reverse transcriptase (RT) activities, and cellular immune responses in primary ovarian cancer tissues and patient blood samples were analyzed and compared with samples from patients with benign ovarian diseases and normal female donors.Ovarian cancer cells in primary tumors and ascites expressed markers of cancer stem cells and markers of both mesenchymal and epithelial cells. Expression of HERV transcripts and HERV-K ENV protein and reverse transcriptase activities were higher in ovarian cancer compared with adjacent normal and benign tissues. The ovarian cancer patient plasma also had high reverse transcriptase activities and the ovarian cancer patient sera contained HERV-K immunoreactive antibodies. HERV-K-specific T cells generated from autologous dendritic cells pulsed with HERV-K ENV antigens exhibited phenotypes and functions consistent with a cellular immune response including T-cell proliferation, IFNγ production, and HERV-K-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. Significantly higher CTL lysis of autologous tumor cells than of uninvolved normal cells was demonstrated in patients with ovarian cancer than patients with benign diseases and further enhanced lysis was observed if T regulatory cells were depleted.Endogenous retroviral gene products in ovarian cancer may represent a potentially valuable new pool of tumor-associated antigens for targeting of therapeutic vaccines to ovarian cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 21(2); 471-83. ©2014 AACR.
O41 ENGINEERED LIVER GRAFT USING DECELLULARIZED ORGAN SCAFFOLD IN LARGE ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: K. Inomata, H. Yagi, M. Hirayama, T. Hibi, Y. Abe, M. Kitago, M. Shinoda, O. Itano, T. Akaike, Y. Kitagawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Low Doses of Interferon-α Are as Effective as Higher Doses in Inducing Remissions and Prolonging Survival in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Jill R. Schofield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To determine the toxicity and efficacy of low-dose interferon-α therapy in inducing remissions and prolonging survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Design: Phase II evaluation and comparison with historical control patients and other series in which the investigators used higher interferon-α doses. Setting: Tertiary care leukemia research clinic. Patients: 41 patients with newly diagnosed or previously treated chronic-phase, Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia received interferon-α at a dose of 2 × 106 U/m2 body surface area daily for 28 days and then three times weekly. Measurements: Complete blood counts and physical examinations were done monthly to determine hematologic remission and toxicity. To determine karyotypic response, bone marrow cytogenetic analyses were done at 6 monthly intervals in patients who achieved a complete hematologic remission. In addition, Kaplan-Meier survival curves and median survival values were generated from diagnosis and the start of therapy with interferon-α. Results: 70% of patients treated with low-dose interferon-α within 1 year of diagnosis achieved a complete hematologic remission, and 22% of these patients had a major or complete karyotypic response. Investigators who used higher interferon-α doses in similar patient populations have reported complete hematologic remission rates of 59% to 70% and major and complete cytogenetic response rates of 16% to 29%. The Kaplan-Meier estimated 5-year survival rate of minimally pretreated patients in our study is 73% (95% CI, 51% to 95%), which compares favorably with survivals reported by investigators who used higher doses. The estimated yearly cost of the interferon-α used in our study is $5953 compared with a median of $24 375 for the higher doses used by other investigators. Less toxicity was also observed. Conclusion: Low-dose interferon-α is as effective as higher-dose interferon-α in inducing remissions and prolonging survival in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia but is considerably less expensive and toxic.
Restenosis After Successful Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty: Serial Angiographic Follow-Up of 229 Patients
Authors: Masakiyo Nobuyoshi, Takeshi Kimura, Hideyuki Nosaka, Sokei Mioka, Katsumi Ueno, Hiroatsu Yokoi, Naoya Hamasaki, Hisanori Horiuchi, Hiroto Ohishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Perhaps it's time to completely rethink cerebellar function
Authors: James M. Bower
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

The primary assumption made in this series of target articles is that the cerebellum is directly involved in motor control. However, in my opinion, there is ample and growing experimental evidence to question this classical view, whether or not learning is involved. I propose, instead, that the cerebellum is involved in the control of data acquisition for many different sensory systems, [CRÉPEL et al., HOUK et al., SMITH, THACH]
Dietary fish oil accelerates the response to coronary thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator. Evidence for a modest platelet inhibitory effect in vivo.
Authors: G A Braden, H R Knapp, D J Fitzgerald, G A FitzGerald
Journal: Circulation (1990)

To assess the platelet inhibitory effect of high doses of fish oils and relate it to alterations in eicosanoid synthesis, we used a canine model in which coronary thrombosis, the time to reperfusion induced by recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), and the rate of spontaneous reocclusion are sensitive to platelet inhibition. In the animals fed fish oil, the time to rt-PA induced thrombolysis was accelerated (mean, 63 vs. 27 minutes; p less than 0.003). The time to thrombotic occlusion and the rate of reocclusion were unaltered. The ratio of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to arachidonic acid rose in platelet and endothelial cell membranes, whereas serum thromboxane (Tx) B levels fell a mean 86%, and basal excretion of 2,3-dinor-TxB2 (TxA2-M) declined. Basal prostaglandin (PG) I2 formation was unaltered, whereas biosynthesis of EPA-derived TxA3 and PGI3 increased. In control animals, TxA2 formation increased during thrombosis; there was a further, more marked rise during reperfusion. PGI2 formation also increased, probably as a response to platelet-vascular interactions. Stimulated production of both eicosanoids was strikingly suppressed in the animals fed fish oil. Fish oils significantly enhance the efficacy of rt-PA in vivo, albeit to a modest extent. Because the time to reperfusion is highly sensitive to Tx-dependent platelet activation, this effect is likely to reflect the demonstrated suppression of TxA2 biosynthesis by fish oils.
Occult Lesions Discovered During Anticoagulant Therapy
Authors: Samuel D. Hemley
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THE USE of anticoagulants has become accepted in the management of patients with thrombo-embolic disorders. Bleeding is widely recognized as a frequent complication in patients who have been made hypoprothrombinemic for therapeutic reasons. Nichols et al.1state that in a group of 73 patients treated with anticoagulants, 25% developed mild to moderate hemorrhage. Because of the frequency of this complication, the management of the hypoprothrombinemic patient who is bleeding is often limited to a reevaluation of prothrombin times and drug dosage. In contrast, patients who are not receiving anticoagulants and who bleed spontaneously usually undergo a thorough diagnostic study. It must be kept in mind that a bleeding episode in an anticoagulated patient may provide a fortuitous unmasking of a hitherto unrecognized lesion. The literature fails to emphasize this point, which is illustrated by the following 3 cases.  Report of Cases  Case 1.—  A 46-year-old Puerto Rican male
Influence of Pituitary Disease on Sexual Development and Functioning
Authors: R S Swerdloff, C Wang
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1998)

Pituitary disorders may have a major effect on sexual development and function. This review describes the regulation of normal reproductive hormonal function in the fetus, infant, adolescent and adult. The effects of pituitary insufficiency and pituitary adenomas on sexual development, reproductive function and sexuality in men and women are discussed.
1082 A PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION BY PAIRED BIOPSY OF FIBROSIS PROGESSION IN HIV-HCV COINFECTION COMPARED TO HCV MONOINFECTION
Authors: R. Sterling, J.A. Wegelin, P.G. Smith, V.A. Luketic, R.T. Stravitz, M. Fuchs, P. Puri, M.L. Shiffman, A.J. Sanyal
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease in the Retarded
Authors: Paul E. Gerstmann
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The prevalence of cardiovascular disease in 453 subjects admitted consecutively to a state school for the retarded was 9%. All but three of the 41 subjects who had cardiovascular disease had congenital heart disease. The population contained 76 with Down's syndrome, 26% (20) of whom had heart disease. Of those who did not have Down's syndrome, 5.6% (21) had heart disease; this is approximately 25 times the rate in the normal population. There was a surprisingly high prevalence of diseases of the aortic valve or ascending aorta; 44% (18) of those with cardiovascular disease had this type.
Catholic Teaching as to Operations for Ectopic Pregnancy.
Authors: J. F. Baldwin
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Columbus, Ohio, June 14, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, June 10, page 1868, appears a letter from W. P. Whelan, professor of medical jurisprudence, Creighton Medical College, on the subject of the doctrine of the Catholic Church as to Cesarean section for placenta prævia. In this he brings up, but does not make to my mind entirely clear, the teaching of the church as to operations for ectopic pregnancy. Professor Whelan—as I understand it—is himself a Catholic, the author of a book on this subject, and assumes to speak<i>ex cathedra</i>. His book, which I have, mentions this same subject, but in that also his language is not entirely clear. It must, of course, be conceded that in any case of unruptured ectopic pregnancy, as it presents itself to the surgeon, it is possible that the tube may so rupture as to permit the fetus to live and
Chronic Eczematous Eruptions in the Aging
Authors: Erika M. Summers, Colby S. Bingham, Kevin W. Dahle, Carol Sweeney, Jian Ying, Richard D. Sontheimer
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Dermatologists frequently encounter patients of advanced age presenting with chronic eczematous eruptions of uncertain etiology. When a drug-induced cutaneous eruption is suspected, identifying the responsible drug(s) is a complex clinical challenge.To determine whether certain drug classes, and in particular calcium channel blockers, are associated with chronic eczematous eruptions in the aging (CEEA) in the United States.Retrospective case-control study.Ambulatory patients from the Department of Dermatology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City.The cases consisted of 94 patients 50 years and older presenting with otherwise unexplainable symmetrical eczematous eruptions of at least 2 months' duration between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2011. Inclusion criteria also included histopathologic changes of spongiotic and/or interface dermatitis and clinical suspicion for a drug-induced cutaneous eruption. The controls consisted of 132 age-, sex-, and race-matched patients presenting with benign dermatologic conditions. A subgroup analysis on cases whose skin biopsy specimens showed a pattern of inflammation that is conventionally thought to be associated with eczematous drug eruptions (ie, eczematous and interface dermatitis) was also performed.Specific drug classes associated with otherwise unexplainable CEEA.A statistically significant difference in drug class use between cases and controls for calcium channel blockers and thiazides was noted. For calcium channel blockers and thiazides, the matched odds ratios were 4.21 (95% CI, 1.77-9.97; P = .001) and 2.07 (95% CI, 1.08-3.96; P = .03) respectively. The histopathological pattern subgroup analysis failed to show any statistically significant associations.The findings of this study further support an association of calcium channel blockers, as well as thiazides, with CEEA in the United States.
Report of Council of British Medical Association for 1897
Authors: R. Saundby
Journal: BMJ (1897)

IN submitting its annual report in accordance with By-law I9, your Council meets you again in London under exceptional circumstances on the occasion of the sixty-sixth annual aneeting.Last year at the interesting and highly successful -meeting at Carlisle an influential deputatioii from Canada waited upon the Council, and offered a very cordial invitation to the Association to hold the annual meeting of 1897 in Montreal, and although there were two other very tempting invitations, the proposal to hold the annual meeting in one of the foremost colonies in which there are three important Branches appeared so important and attractive that the in- ,vitation was unanimously accepted, and Dr. Roddick,-of Montreal, was appointed President-elect.In the circum- stances your Council proposes to hold the business part of the annual meeting in London, and then to adjourn to hold rthe Scientific addresses, the Sections, etc., at Montreal, where there are ample proofs that a very warm welcome -awaits those members who propose to attend the adjourned -meeting.There has been some little difficulty attending the -arrangements of a meeting so distant as at Montreal, but the relations with the Canadian Executive have been so cordial -and pleasant that this has been satisfactorily overcome.
Acute Non-specific Diarrhoea and Dysentery
Authors: G. Dalley
Journal: BMJ (1947)

BIUTISH I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ME JOURNALof his blood count elsewhere had given no signs of hyper- eosinophiUa, I had it re-exatnined in October, when a "hyper- coslnophil phase" of 11% was found.t. R. Rugeley publihsed a paper on allergic causes of prutitus ani recently (Annals df Allergy, 1946, 4, 374 and 396) and reported about 14 cases of pruritus ani in which a connexion with allergic causes was revealed and rapid imtprovement achieved by' treatment on these lines, whereas the conven- tional treatment, tried befote, had proved to be unsuccessful.He holds the opinion that excoriationis, oedema of the skin, thickening, or exudation vary in intensity, and that papillitis, fissures, and other changes thought to be causative factors are often secondary and not pritnary changes.He recotnends strongly that allergic causes of prutitus ani should be investi- gated before radical procedures are suggested, such as surgical interference, x-ray treatment, local injections, diisions of nerves, or tattooing of the anal margins with anaesthetics.-I am, etc., London, W.1.E. M. FRAENktL.Congenital Hepatic-duct Malformation Sitt,-Length of survival nmay warrant recording the follow- ing case.A female child 10 months old had been jaundiced since her normial birth.Weight records were: 7 lb.(3.1 kg.) at birth, 9 lb.(4 kg.) at 6 nionths, 12 lb. (5.4 kg.) at 10 months.Absence of breast milk had resulted in cows' milk feedings.Three older children were healthy.The child was lively and profoundly jaundiced.Her spleen
Bloody Discharge From the Nipple: The Utility of Cytology
Authors: Julio Ibarra
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  I agree with Dr Love 1 about the workup of the patient with a nipple discharge; however, I think cytological evaluation of the fluid should be part of the workup.  Spontaneous unilateral, nonlactational nipple discharge is an important symptom in patients with breast disease. It is more commonly associated with benign conditions. The incidence of cancer in patients with nipple discharge varies. Leis 2 reports an incidence ranging from 3% to 47%. The most common type of discharge associated with carcinoma is watery and bloody in nature, therefore, in any patient with this presentation, a full workup is indicated. Superficial nipple erosions with or without blood have been confused with discharges. If a skin lesion is found in the nipple areola complex, as can be seen in cases of dermatitis, eczema, and Paget disease, a gentle scraping and smear can be taken.  A mammogram, galactography, and