tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16642: Clinical Outcomes and Improved Survival in Patients With Protein Losing Enteropathy After the Fontan Operation
Authors: Anitha S John, Jennifer A Johnson, David J Driscoll, Carole A Warnes, Frank Cetta
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Patients (pts) with protein losing enteropathy (PLE) following the Fontan operation (op) have a reported 50% mortality at 5 years (yrs) post diagnosis. We review our clinical outcomes in this pt population. Methods: From 1997 to 2010, 42 pts (55% M) with PLE following the Fontan op were identified from clinical databases. Data were collected by retrospective chart review. Results: Mean age at PLE diagnosis was 18.9 yrs + 11 (4.7-57.9 yrs) and initial Fontan op was 10.1 yrs + 10.8 (1.8-37.6 yrs). Mean time from Fontan op to PLE diagnosis was 8.4 yrs + 14.2 (30 days-27yrs). Types of Fontan op included: atriopulmonary connection (28, 67%), lateral tunnel or intraatrial conduit (6, 14%), or extracardiac conduit (8, 19%). Mean time from diagnosis to last follow-up was 8 yrs + 6 (1-22yrs). Survival was 88% at 5 yrs. There were 11 deaths, mean age 32 yrs + 7.7 (22-47 yrs). Mean time interval from diagnosis to death was 7.5 yrs + 5.4 (1-18yrs). Causes of death include: sepsis (7), complications after Fontan conversion (1), and unknown (3). Decreased survival was seen in pts with high Fontan pressure (mean &gt;15mmHg, p=0.04), decreased ventricular function (EF &lt; 55%, p=0.03), and NYHA class &gt;2 at diagnosis (p=0.04). Pts who died had higher pulmonary vascular resistance (3.8 + 1.6 WU vs 2.1 + 1.1 WU, p=0.017), lower cardiac index (1.6 L/min/m 2 + 0.4 vs 2.7 L/min/m 2 + 0.7, p&lt;0.0001), and lower mixed venous saturation (53% versus 66%, p=0.01) compared to survivors. All factors were obtained at initial PLE diagnosis. Pts treated with medical therapy only (n=15) resulted in symptomatic improvement in 7 pts (47%), no improvement in 5 (33%), and death in 3 (20%). Pts treated with medical + surgical/interventional catheterization procedures (n=27) resulted in symptomatic improvement in 10 pts (37%), no improvement in 9 (33%), and death in 8 (30%). Treatments used more in survivors included spironolactone (21, 68%), octreotide (7, 21%), sildenafil (6, 19%), fenestration creation (15, 48%), and relief of Fontan obstruction (7, 23%). Of the 31 survivors, 17 pts remain well-controlled. Conclusions: PLE remains difficult to treat, but in the current era, survival has improved with advances in treatment. Further study is needed to understand the mechanism of disease and ideal treatment strategy.
Factors affecting iron balance
Authors: Marcel E. Conrad, James C. Barton
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract The availability of radioisotopes of iron led to the performance of physiologic studies of the absorption, excretion, and kinetics of iron. The effects of dietary constituents and intestinal secretions upon iron absorption have been thoroughly explored and have permitted the development of tools for nutritional studies in various geographic areas of the world. The basic mechanisms for regulation of iron absorption are not fully understood. However, the isolation and characterization of newer iron‐binding proteins, the existence of mucosal receptors in which there is competition for iron‐binding sites with other metals, and the identification of a number of animal models with genetic abnormalities of iron absorption provide promise for development in the foreseeable future. The means by which the body informs the intestine to increase or decrease iron absorption is poorly understood, and the abnormality in hemochromatosis and iron overloading disorders remains unexplained. Much has been learned in recent years regarding the structure of iron‐containing proteins and the variations that exist in different species. Similar problems remain to be solved with regard to the intermediary metabolism of iron in red blood cell precursors and other cells in the body. It is postulated that the combined usage of physiologic, biochemical, and immunologic investigations will provide the basic information required.
Duodenal Mucosal Damage Associated with Chronic Use of Anti-inflammatory Drugs
Authors: M. Tanaka, M. Uchiyama, S. Ikeda
Journal: Endoscopy (1977)

As duodenofiberscopy becomes popular, duodenal mucosal damage associated with aspirin ingestion has come to draw more attention than before. Duodenal mucosal injury, with or without gastric lesions, related to long-term use of anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin, indomethacin, ibuprofen, diclofenac or others are reported in three patients, in which the diagnosis was confirmed by emergency endoscopy after hematemesis. Some possible explanations for pathogenetic mechanisms are discussed.
Serum hepatitis B virus DNA levels and liver histology in inactive HBsAg carriers
Authors: Michelle Martinot-Peignoux, Nathalie Boyer, Magalie Colombat, Rahouda Akremi, Bach-Nga Pham, Stephan Ollivier, Corinne Castelnau, Donimique Valla, Claude Degott, Patrick Marcellin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Impressions of the London Tuberculosis Congress and the Black Forest Sanatoria for Consumptives.
Authors: Charles Denison
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Watch Hill, R. I., Aug. 23, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —This gathering of medical men was the largest and most complete ever assembled for a special purpose. As I sat on the platform during the opening meeting, when the different nations, through their designated delegates, were introduced. I knew that it had never been my good fortune, in all the medical conventions I have attended, to look upon such a distinguished body of men. When the 2000 members were present they filled completely the body of Queen's Hall, where the general sessions were held. Of this assemblage of men I should judge nearly one-half were from outside of England. America, France and Germany especially had good representations. It was indeed an honor to be a member of it, and to take part in such a Congress. It would seem that the Londoners purposed to outdo all previous medical gatherings in
Generative entrenchment and an evolutionary developmental biology for culture
Authors: William C. Wimsatt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Mesoudi et al.'s new synthesis for cultural evolution closely parallels the evolutionary synthesis of Neo-Darwinism. It too draws inspiration from population genetics, recruits other fields, and, unfortunately, also ignores development. Enculturation involves many serially acquired skills and dependencies that allow us to build a rich cumulative culture. The newer synthesis, evolutionary developmental biology, provides a key tool, generative entrenchment , to analyze them.
The Streptomycin Concentration in Tuberculous Cavities
Authors: K. D. Arosenius, V. O. Bjork, G. Laurell
Journal: Thorax (1961)

In a preliminary study by Hallen, Bjork, and Odeblad (1959) Na22, Na24, and Br82 were used to demonstrate that the sodium space was the same in tuberculous tissue as in normal lung tissue when measured 24 hours after injection.Na24 was then used to demonstrate the speed of diffusion through the wall of a tuberculous cavity.The aim of this paper is to study if the bigger streptomycin molecules also penetrate into the centre of a tuberculous cavity.
Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus viridans in Oral Flora with Prolonged Erythromycin Therapy
Authors: KENNETH BROMBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1980Erythromycin-Resistant Streptococcus viridans in Oral Flora with Prolonged Erythromycin TherapyKENNETH BROMBERG, M.D., JAY M. ORSON, M.D., RUTH TRIEDMAN, M.D., PAUL CAMPOGNONE, M.S.KENNETH BROMBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAY M. ORSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RUTH TRIEDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PAUL CAMPOGNONE, M.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-6-931_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The Committee on Prevention of Rheumatic Fever and Bacterial Endocarditis of the American Heart Association recommends oral erythromycin with or without parenteral vancomycin as bacterial endocarditis prophylaxis for dental procedures in patients allergic to penicillin or receiving continuous oral penicillin for secondary prevention of rheumatic fever (1). To study the appropriateness of this recommendation, we compared the oral flora of 30 patients receiving at least 1 month of erythromycin therapy with that of 30 age-matched control subjects....References1. KAPLANANTHONYBISNO EBA. Prevention of bacterial endocarditis. Circulation. 1977;56:139A-43. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. SPRUNTREDMANLEIDY KWG. Oral antibiotics in patients with heart disease: case report of child facing oropharyngeal surgery with oropharyngeal viridans streptococci resistant to penicillin and, following oral erythromycin therapy, to penicillin, erythromycin, and lincomycin. Pediatrics. 1969;43:608-10. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. SPRUNTLEIDYREDMAN KGW. Cross resistance between lincomycin and erythromycin in viridans streptococci. Pediatrics. 1970;46:84-7. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. NICHOLAS P. Erythromycin: clinical review: I. Clinical pharmacology. NY State J Med. 1977;77:2088-94. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. LAMPECHELDELINBROWN RLJ. Brain abscess following dental extraction in a child with cyanotic congenital heart disease. Pediatrics. 1978;61:659-60. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: KENNETH BROMBERG, M.D.; JAY M. ORSON, M.D.; RUTH TRIEDMAN, M.D.; PAUL CAMPOGNONE, M.S.Affiliations: Rhode Island Hospital Providence, RI 02903 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byENTEROCOCCAL AND VIRIDANS STREPTOCOCCAL INFECTIONSViridans-group streptococcal infections in immunocompromised hostsSHOULD TOPICAL ANTIBIOTICS BE USED FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACNE VULGARIS? 1 December 1980Volume 93, Issue 6Page: 931-932KeywordsEndocarditisErythromycinHeartHyperthermiaPenicillinProphylaxisRheumatic feverStreptococcusVancomycin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Inhibition of Antitumor Immunity by B Cells
Authors: Joseph Rosenblatt, Yu Dana Zhang, Tamar Tadmor
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

To the Editor: 

In the August issue of Cancer Research , Inoue et al. reported a mechanism by which B cells inhibit the immune response against tumors. Their results support a model whereby B cell stimulation via CD40 leads to diminished CD8 and natural killer cell–mediated IFN-γ secretion and
Activation of peripheral blood T cells via the p75 interleukin 2 receptor.
Authors: H Yagita, M Nakata, A Azuma, T Nitta, T Takeshita, K Sugamura, K Okumura
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

By using mAb and flow cytometry, a constitutive expression of the p75 IL-2R was revealed in human peripheral blood CD8+ T cells and TCR delta-1+ T cells as well as in CD16+ NK cells. Anti-p75 IL-2R mAb almost completely inhibited the induction of cytolytic activity in these T cells by brief exposure to IL-2, as estimated by anti-TCR/CD3 mAb-targeted cytotoxicity. While anti-p55 IL-2R mAb alone inhibited the response only modestly, maximal inhibition was achieved by combining both anti-p55 and anti-p75 IL-2R mAbs. These results indicate that the p75 IL-2R constitutively expressed on peripheral blood CD8+ T cells and TCR delta-1+ T cells is predominantly responsible for the direct activation of these cells by IL-2.
Evaluation of a Teaching and Treatment Program in Over 4,000 Type 2 Diabetic Patients After Introduction of Reimbursement Policy for Physicians
Authors: Stefan Korsatko, Wolfgang Habacher, Ivo Rakovac, Johannes Plank, Sabine Seereiner, Peter Beck, Robert Gfrerer, Peter Mrak, Bernd Bauer, Manfred Großschädl, Thomas R. Pieber
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Patient education in diabetes has become an integral part of diabetes management (1–3). Systematic reviews report the best results in terms of improved metabolic control, weight loss, and diabetes-related knowledge in cases where mainly nurses provide patient education combined with structured and regular patient review. Therefore, patient education is recommended as a necessary component in promoting good diabetes control (4,5).

In 2000, the Styrian Diabetes Type 2 Education Project was implemented across the Austrian province of Styria. Until then, no formal implementation or reimbursement of educational efforts had been provided in the Austrian health care system. The primary objective of the project was to provide free access to a structured diabetes teaching and treatment program (DTTP) at the primary health care level throughout the province to patients with type 2 diabetes who are not using insulin for glycemic control. Here, we report its overall acceptance and effectiveness 4 years after its systematic implementation.

The Styrian Diabetes Type 2 Education Project is a combined intervention consisting of a structured DTTP and a special training for the educating staff. The DTTP is a 16-h course, conducted at the primary health care level. It is well evaluated and transferable (6–10). The program covers nine education areas: basic diabetes information, self-monitoring, medication and hypoglycemia, diet, foot care, physical activity, sick day rules, and late complications. Training of the educators (physicians and diabetes educators) focuses on …
Spirituality and the Healthy Mind: Science, Therapy, and the Need for Personal Meaning
Authors: Paul Foster, Marc Galanter
Journal: BMJ (2006)

M arc Galanter, a New York based professor of psychiatry specialising in alcohol dependency and drug use, defines spirituality as the individual search for existential and transcendental meaning. Spirituality has spawned a diverse counterculture in alternative medicine, meditation, and personal growth movements. Galanter contrasts this with contemporary Western psychiatry with its emphasis on managed care. His book, which has a humane yet balanced perspective, is about how these models and approaches can …
Small anti-viral compounds activate immune cells via the TLR7 MyD88–dependent signaling pathway
Authors: Hiroaki Hemmi, Tsuneyasu Kaisho, Osamu Takeuchi, Shintaro Sato, Hideki Sanjo, Katsuaki Hoshino, Takao Horiuchi, Hideyuki Tomizawa, Kiyoshi Takeda, Shizuo Akira
Journal: Nature Immunology (2002)
Giardiasis: Manifestations and Diagnosis
Authors: William A. Hartong
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  We read with interest the report by Paine and Gluck on a puzzling case of giardiasis. The authors are quite right in pointing out that the diagnosis of giardiasis should be strongly considered in patients with chronic diarrhea in whom no definite cause is established. The most reliable way to establish the diagnosis of suspected giardiasis is by obtaining a mucosal smear imprint of small bowel biopsy specimens from duodenal aspiration. Histological examination of jejunal biopsy specimens also gives a high yield in identifying those trophozoites located close to the mucosal surface in the lumen.  In a comparative study, Kamath and Murugasu 1 reported that examination of mucosal impression smears and biopsy specimens gave the highest positive results for Giardia lamblia , followed by examination of duodenal aspirates. The least sensitive method was stool examination, which indicates that duodenal intubation and jejunal mucosal biopsy constitute valuable diagnostic procedures
Is schema theory an appropriate framework for modeling the organization of the brain?
Authors: Pietro G. Morasso
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

This review evaluates pros and cons of the schema theory as a general framework for expressing what Arbib et al. call “systems neuroscience.” We discuss the software/hardware duality of the schema concept and the relative neglect of the mechanical properties of muscles. We propose a computational alternative to the functional decomposition in terms of schemas.
Oral allergy syndrome: the effect of astemizole
Authors: C. Bindslev‐Jensen, A. Vibits, P. Stahl Skov, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1991)

The effect of treatment with astemizole (Hismanal®) on symptoms elicited by ingestion of hazelnuts in birch pollen‐allergic patients (the oral allergy syndrome) was investigated. Thirty patients with a well‐documented allergy to silver birch, experiencing symptoms when ingesting hazelnuts, were included in the study. All had a positive skin prick test (SPT) to birch, whereas 29 and 27, respectively, showed a positive RAST and basophil histamine release test (HR) to birch. In contrast, only 15 patients had a positive SPT to hazelnut, 13 had a positive RAST, whereas 24 had a positive HR. Alter two oral provocations with hazelnuts the patients were randomized to receive either 10 mg of astemizole or placebo daily for 2 weeks in a double blind protocol followed by two oral provocations. Treatment with astemizole significantly reduced the symptoms compared with placebo ( P = 0.004); however, without completely abolishing the symptoms.
Abstract 5207: The chemokine 25 and chemokine receptor 9 axis suppresses colon cancer invasion and metastasis
Authors: Huanhuan Chen, Serena Tucci, Zeynep Gümüs, Xiling Shen, Steven M. Lipkin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Chemokines help regulate tumor cell invasion and metastasis. Here, we show that the Chemokine 25/Chemokine Receptor 9 (CCL25/CCR9) axis suppresses colon cancer (CRC) invasion and metastasis. CCR9 protein expression levels are highest in colon adenomas, and progressively decrease in invasive and metastatic CRCs. CCR9 is expressed in both primary tumor cell cultures and colon cancer initiating cell lines (CCIC) derived from early stage (I/II) CRCs. CCL25 stimulates cell proliferation through a network of transcription factors downstream of AKT signaling. In vivo, systemically injected CCR9+ early stage CCIC spontaneously form orthotopic gastrointestinal xenograft tumors. Blocking CCR9 signaling prevents CRC tumor formation in the native gastrointestinal CCL25+ microenvironment, while increasing extra-intestinal tumor multiplicity. NOTCH signaling, which promotes CRC metastasis, increases extra-intestinal tumor multiplicity by stimulating CCR proteosomal degradation. These data provide insights into the mechanisms that regulate CRC progression, invasion and metastasis and describe a novel in vivo experimental system to study these processes. Our findings also raise a safety concern for ongoing Inflammatory Bowel Disease clinical trials using CCR9 antagonists. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5207. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5207
Artemether-lumefantrine versus amodiaquine plus sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Burkina Faso: a randomised non-inferiority trial
Authors: Issaka Zongo, Grant Dorsey, Noel Rouamba, Halidou Tinto, Christian Dokomajilar, Robert T Guiguemde, Philip J Rosenthal, Jean Bosco Ouedraogo
Journal: The Lancet (2007)
The Poisons Around Us: Toxic Metals in Food, Air, and Water
Authors: M. R. Zavon
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our knowledge of what is necessary to sustain human life and what is harmful to humans has made great advances during this century. Dr. Henry Schroeder has been one of the leaders in furthering our knowledge of the effects of trace metals on man and on other mammals and he has authored many well-written reports of his findings. However, the potential reader of this book should not be misled by his knowledge of Dr. Schroeder's past contributions. This work is neither carefully written nor scientific. It might be written for the layman, but unfortunately, its unevenness does not allow it to be recommended for the uninformed. At times, it turns into a polemic against some corporations while at other times the author expounds against such groups as the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Research Council. The reader is never at a loss to know exactly where the author
Neuroblastoma Progression Correlates with Downregulation of the Lymphangiogenesis Inhibitor sVEGFR-2
Authors: Jürgen Becker, Helena Pavlakovic, Fabian Ludewig, Fabiola Wilting, Herbert A. Weich, Romulo Albuquerque, Jayakrishna Ambati, Jörg Wilting
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Tumor progression correlates with the induction of a dense supply of blood vessels and the formation of peritumoral lymphatics. Hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are potently regulated by members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family. Previous studies have indicated the upregulation of VEGF-A and -C in progressed neuroblastoma, however, quantification was performed using semiquantitative methods, or patients who had received radiotherapy or chemotherapy were studied.We have analyzed primary neuroblastoma from 49 patients using real-time reverse transcription-PCR and quantified VEGF-A, -C, and -D and VEGF receptors (VEGFR)-1, 2, 3, as well as the soluble form of VEGFR2 (sVEGFR-2), which has recently been characterized as an endogenous inhibitor of lymphangiogenesis. None of the patients had received radiotherapy or chemotherapy before tumor resection.We did not observe upregulation of VEGF-A, -C, and -D in metastatic neuroblastoma, but found significant downregulation of the lymphangiogenesis inhibitor sVEGFR-2 in metastatic stages III, IV, and IVs. In stage IV neuroblastoma, there were tendencies for the upregulation of VEGF-A and -D and the downregulation of the hemangiogenesis/lymphangiogenesis inhibitors VEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 in MYCN-amplified tumors. Similarly, MYCN transfection of the neuroblastoma cell line SH-EP induced the upregulation of VEGF-A and -D and the switching-off of sVEGFR-2.We provide evidence for the downregulation of the lymphangiogenesis inhibitor sVEGFR-2 in metastatic neuroblastoma stages, which may promote lymphogenic metastases. Downregulation of hemangiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis inhibitors VEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2, and upregulation of angiogenic activators VEGF-A and VEGF-D in MYCN-amplified stage IV neuroblastoma supports the crucial effect of this oncogene on neuroblastoma progression.
Landmark article May 8, 1943: Treatment of hyperthyroidism with thiourea and thiouracil. By E.B. Astwood
Authors: E. B. Astwood
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Two series of chemical compounds have been found to possess the unique property of inhibiting the endocrine function of the thyroid gland. The administration of these agents to experimental animals is followed, after a short latent period, by a lowering of the basal oxygen consumption, a decrease in the rate of growth and development and a diminished food intake—changes which are consistent with a state of hypothyroidism. In certain animal species these changes are accompanied by a hyperplasia of the thyroid gland which is apparently compensatory in nature and mediated by the anterior lobe of the pituitary. It was the object of this investigation to determine whether the endocrine function of the human thyroid gland could be inhibited by these compounds and to obtain information concerning their dosage and toxicity in individuals with normal thyroid glands and in cases of hyperthyroidism. It was first pointed out by the Mackenzies and
Resetting of osmoreceptor response as cause of hyponatraemia in acute idiopathic polyneuritis.
Authors: M D Penney, D Murphy, G Walters
Journal: BMJ (1979)

In a patient with hyponatraemia associated with acute idiopathic polyneuritis plasma concentrations of antidiuretic hormone increased when hypertonic saline was infused intravenously, and urine osmolality rose concomitantly. A water load was excreted normally, while the plasma remained extremely hypo-osmolal. It is concluded that osmoregulation was functioning normally but was set abnormally low, possibly owing to a disturbance of the peripheral volume receptors.