tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cytosolic retinoic acid binding protein in the human pancreas.
Authors: J K Jutley, J Kelleher, T G Brennan, M E Denyer, C J Mitchell
Journal: Gut (1988)

Cytosolic retinoic acid receptor in carcinoma, chronic pancreatitis, and normal pancreatic tissue were examined using sucrose density gradient centrifugation, isoelectric focussing on agarose gel and saturation analysis. Thirteen patients were studied. Cytosolic retinoic acid binding protein (cRABP) was detected in all the samples with chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma, but not in the normal tissue. Using sucrose gradient centrifugation, the highest concentrations of cRABP were found in pancreatic carcinoma tissues, ranging from 5.5-23.9 pmol/mg protein. These concentrations were markedly different than in chronic pancreatitis tissue (0.7-2.7 pmol/mg protein). Saturation analysis of cRABP showed a mean dissociation constant of 21.5 nM and maximum binding sites of 5.2 pmol/mg protein. Cytosolic retinoic acid binding protein was separated at an isoelectric point of 4.5 on agarose gel. The presence of cRABP suggest that retinoic acid may have a role to play in the function of the pancreas.
Clinical pharmacology of propafenone.
Authors: S J Connolly, R E Kates, C S Lebsack, D C Harrison, R A Winkle
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We determined the efficacy, pharmacokinetics, and plasma concentration-response relationships of propafenone, a promising new antiarrhythmic drug. Thirteen patients with frequent and complex ventricular premature beats were studied after receiving four increasing doses, during drug washout and during a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, to evaluate the optimal dose in each patient. A nonlinear relationship was found between propafenone dose and steady-state mean concentration with a 10-fold increase in drug concentration as dose increased threefold from 300 to 900 mg/day. There was great intersubject variability in elimination half-life (mean 6 hr, range 2.4 to 11.8), steady-state mean concentration on 900 mg/day of propafenone (mean 1008 ng/ml, range 482 to 1812), and "therapeutic" plasma concentration (mean 588 ng/ml, range 64 to 1044). The interaction of these three parameters in individual patients determined the duration of the antiarrhythmic action of propafenone during washout (mean 11.5 hr, range 4 to 22). There was a greater than 90% reduction of ventricular premature beats in 10 subjects during dose ranging and in seven during double-blind crossover. Side effects requiring discontinuation of the drug occurred in three patients and included apparent worsening of arrhythmias in two. We conclude that propafenone effectively suppresses ventricular arrhythmias and that nonlinear drug accumulation and intersubject variability in elimination of half-life, steady-state mean plasma concentration, and therapeutic concentration indicate a need for individual therapy.
Abstract LB-3: Apolipoprotein (E) is a determinant of colon carcinogenesis potentially by regulating inflammation and β-catenin independently of its role in lipid metabolism
Authors: Ali I. Elbahrawy, Abdelmetalab Tarhuni, Amarjit S. Naura, Youssef Errami, Mohamed Alwan, Samar Hammad, Jimena Trillo-Tinoco, Ramadan Hemeida, Hassan Brim, Hassan Ashktorab, Luis Del Valle, Hamid A. Boulares
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a major player in cholesterol metabolism and has been suggested, through association studies, to play a role in colon homoeostasis and cancer. Genetic studies suggested that polymorphisms in the ApoE alleles constitute a risk factor for the development of colon cancer. Collectively, these studies explored the role of ApoE in colon cancer by narrowly focusing on its established function in lipid metabolism. In the current study, we utilized a genetic mouse model (ApcMin mouse) of colon cancer to test the hypothesis that ApoE is a determinant in the disease progression. We show that ApoE gene heterozygosity, which reduces the protein (∼50%) and minimally affects the lipid profile, significantly increased tumor burden in ApcMin mice both in the small intestine and the colon. Surprisingly, ApoE gene knockout, which completely eliminates the protein and drastically elevates the lipid profile, did not aggravate the tumor burden in ApcMin mice compared to that caused by gene heterozygosity, suggesting a novel and cholesterol-metabolism-independent function for ApoE in colon homeostasis. In vitro studies with primary colon epithelial cells, isolated using a novel technique developed by our laboratory, show that ApoE-deficiency achieved by ApoE heterozygosity, knockout, or knockdown increased the level of active β-catenin in the absence of any stimulation. It appears that such increase in β-catenin may be at an mRNA level. ApoE deficiency was also associated with an increase in inflammatory factors including VCAM-1, MCP-1, and COX-2 in TNF-treated colon epithelial cells. Altogether, our preliminary results suggest a major role of ApoE in colon homeostasis and that deficiency in ApoE levels may constitute a risk factor for colon cancer progression. Citation Format: Ali I. Elbahrawy, Abdelmetalab Tarhuni, Amarjit S. Naura, Youssef Errami, Mohamed Alwan, Samar Hammad, Jimena Trillo-Tinoco, Ramadan Hemeida, Hassan Brim, Hassan Ashktorab, Luis Del Valle, Hamid A. Boulares. Apolipoprotein (E) is a determinant of colon carcinogenesis potentially by regulating inflammation and β-catenin independently of its role in lipid metabolism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-3. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-3
YAWS AND SYPHILIS
Authors: C. S. Butler
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> An article appeared in the<i>Tropical Diseases Bulletin</i>for November, 1933, entitled "Yaws and Syphilis: Two Diseases or One?" which, in all fairness, should have some editorial notice. Physicians in Great Britain have been fighting among themselves for a couple of centuries whether yaws and syphilis are or are not the same disease. A group of Americans, principally U. S. naval medical officers, have for years sustained the unity idea, but another group of writers is quoted extensively in Blacklock's article. Blacklock proves the proposition that yaws and syphilis are the same thing, but quotes the army writers. As one of many Americans who have sustained unity, I have myself published the following papers on this subject during the past twenty years: Butler, C. S.: The Application of Wassermann's Reaction to the Solution of the Etiology of Tropical Ulcerations (from the laboratory and native clinic of the
Tacrolimus decreases the expression of eotaxin, CCR3, RANTES and interleukin-5 in atopic dermatitis.
Authors: C.W. Park, B.H. Lee, H.J. Han, C.H. Lee, H.K. Ahn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Tacrolimus decreases the expression of eotaxin, CCR3, RANTES and interleukin‐5 in atopic dermatitis Get access C.W. Park, C.W. Park Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Kang‐Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 948‐1 Daelim 1‐dong, Youngdeungpo‐Gu, Seoul 150‐950, Korea Chun Wook Park. E‐mail: dermap@paran.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.H. Lee, B.H. Lee Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Kang‐Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 948‐1 Daelim 1‐dong, Youngdeungpo‐Gu, Seoul 150‐950, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.J. Han, H.J. Han Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Kang‐Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 948‐1 Daelim 1‐dong, Youngdeungpo‐Gu, Seoul 150‐950, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.H. Lee, C.H. Lee Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Kang‐Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 948‐1 Daelim 1‐dong, Youngdeungpo‐Gu, Seoul 150‐950, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.K. Ahn H.K. Ahn Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Kang‐Nam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, 948‐1 Daelim 1‐dong, Youngdeungpo‐Gu, Seoul 150‐950, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 6, 1 June 2005, Pages 1173–1181, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06474.x Published: 01 June 2005 Article history Accepted: 01 September 2004 Published: 01 June 2005
THE MULTIPLE WEDGE PRINCIPLE IN THE TREATMENT OF ORGANIC STRICTURES OF THE URETHRA.
Authors: JNO. S. COLEMAN
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Read before the American Surgical Association, Washington, D. C., May 2nd, 1884. It is now nine years since I published, in the<i>Medical Record</i>of New York, my application of the multiple wedge principle to the treatment of organic strictures of the urethra. To quote from that paper: "It ought to be a self-evident proposition, that it is easier to introduce singly the component parts of a wedge, than to introduce it as a whole. Take, for example, a No. 12 conical bougie, even capillary at its point, and attempt tempt to introduce it into a stricture: Where is the point of friction and resistance? Is it not around the entire circumference of the stricture? Diminish the size of the instrument, and in a direct ratio, you diminish the amount of resistance. After having passed into a stricture one of these whalebone guides, the second has to overcome the friction
A COMPARISON OF THE GROWTH OF SELECTED MYCOBACTERIA IN H<scp>E</scp>L<scp>A</scp>, MONKEY KIDNEY, AND HUMAN AMNION CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE
Authors: Charles C. Shepard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1958)

HeLa, monkey kidney, and human amnion cells in tissue cultures were compared as sites for the multiplication of strains of tubercle bacilli or original and reduced pathogenicity, and for several other species of mycobacteria capable of causing disease in humans. The arrangement of the pathogenic species inorder of their growth rates in HeLa cells was Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium balnei, and the "yellow bacillus," followed closely by the tubercle bacillus. This order was also correct for these species in monkey kidney and human amnion cells, and is the same as that seen in bacteriological media. The arrangement of the strains of tubercle bacilli in order of their growth rates in all three types of cells was: H37Rv, then R1Rv, and lastly H37Ra, which multiplied about as slowly as BCG. An INH-resistant strain grew about as rapidly as H37Rv. Growth of the pathogenic species occurred at about the same rates in HeLa and monkey kidney cells, but was distinctly slower in human amnion cells, which are less active metabolically. Irradiation of the cells in doses up to 5000 r did not affect the subsequent growth of mycobacteria in them. Preliminary experiments with human leprosy bacilli indicate that they can be introduced into these cells in high numbers and that the bacilli then persist for the life of the cells.
T-cell receptor Vβ skewing frequently occurs in refractory cytopenia of childhood and is associated with an expansion of effector cytotoxic T cells: a prospective study by EWOG-MDS
Authors: A M Aalbers, M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink, I Baumann, H B Beverloo, G J Driessen, M Dworzak, A Fischer, G Göhring, H Hasle, F Locatelli, B De Moerloose, P Noellke, M Schmugge, J Stary, A Yoshimi, M Zecca, C M Zwaan, J J M van Dongen, R Pieters, C M Niemeyer, V H J van der Velden, A W Langerak
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2014)

Immunosuppressive therapy (IST), consisting of antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine A, is effective in refractory cytopenia of childhood (RCC), suggesting that, similar to low-grade myelodysplastic syndromes in adult patients, T lymphocytes are involved in suppressing hematopoiesis in a subset of RCC patients. However, the potential role of a T-cell-mediated pathophysiology in RCC remains poorly explored. In a cohort of 92 RCC patients, we prospectively assessed the frequency of T-cell receptor (TCR) β-chain variable (Vβ) domain skewing in bone marrow and peripheral blood by heteroduplex PCR, and analyzed T-cell subsets in peripheral blood by flow cytometry. TCRVβ skewing was present in 40% of RCC patients. TCRVβ skewing did not correlate with bone marrow cellularity, karyotype, transfusion history, HLA-DR15 or the presence of a PNH clone. In 28 patients treated with IST, TCRVβ skewing was not clearly related with treatment response. However, TCRVβ skewing did correlate with a disturbed CD4+/CD8+ T-cell ratio, a reduction in naive CD8+ T cells, an expansion of effector CD8+ T cells and an increase in activated CD8+ T cells (defined as HLA-DR+, CD57+ or CD56+). These data suggest that T lymphocytes contribute to RCC pathogenesis in a proportion of patients, and provide a rationale for treatment with IST in selected patients with RCC.
Micelles of zinc protoporphyrin conjugated to N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA) copolymer for imaging and light-induced antitumor effects in vivo
Authors: Hideaki Nakamura, Long Liao, Yuki Hitaka, Kenji Tsukigawa, Vladimir Subr, Jun Fang, Karel Ulbrich, Hiroshi Maeda
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Intermittent ST depression and mortality after myocardial infarction.
Authors: W Ruberman, R Crow, C R Rosenberg, P M Rautaharju, R E Shore, B S Pasternack
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND We conducted a case-control analysis to determine the contribution made to mortality by intermittent ST depression (STD) among patients enrolled in the already completed Beta Blocker Heart Attack Trial. METHODS AND RESULTS STD was determined by computer analysis of 24-hour ECG tapes as a change in ST level by +/- 0.1 mV or more from the median value of ST of all normally conducted complexes for greater than or equal to 1 minute. All computer-detected ST events were verified by trained readers. To estimate risk of dying associated with STD, 261 deaths were compared with controls matched for age, sex, drug status, and time elapsed since acute myocardial infarction. In a model including relevant covariates, STD had a relative risk (RR) of 1.73 (95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.73). The RR was 2.56 (1.39-4.71) in untreated patients and 0.98 (0.48-2.00) in propranolol-treated patients. A history of angina, although not independently significant, was found to enhance these RRs. A gradient of risk was shown in the placebo group by a RR of 1.91 in those with 1-30 minutes of STD and 4.33 in those with greater than 30 of STD (p = 0.001, trend test). CONCLUSIONS The findings in this large study show a significant contribution to mortality among untreated early post-myocardial infarction survivors from transient STD on 24-hour monitoring. The absence or reduction of effect in the treated group also suggests an anti-ischemic mechanism by which propranolol exerts a protective effect on mortality. Trials to determine whether reduction of STD improves survival would be warranted.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize
Authors: James E. Muller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

At first, the world was startled to learn that a five-year-old effort by physicians to help prevent nuclear war would be awarded the 1985 Nobel Peace Prize. Surprise rapidly turned to criticism, however, as our organization, International Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War (IPPNW), became engulfed in a controversy so intense that it threatened to obscure the reasons for which the award would be given.The controversy arose from the discovery several weeks before the award ceremony that in 1973, Dr. Eugene Chazov, the Soviet copresident of IPPNW, had cosigned a letter to Izvestia criticizing Andrei Sakharov. Among others, Helmut . . .
Novel therapies dominate American Cancer Society's 35th Annual Science Writers Seminar
Authors: A. A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

SEVERAL NOVEL cancer therapies reported at the 35th Annual American Cancer Society's Science Writers Seminar are producing excitement among cancer experts, although no one is calling any of them a "magic bullet," at least not yet. At the meeting in San Diego, Calif, 25 leading cancer researchers described their latest findings. <h3>Block That Signal</h3> Aberrant signal transduction has been implicated in malignant transformation, growth, and progression. This finding has led to a search for agents that can safely block the signal transduction pathways that cancer cells depend on for growth and migration to other sites in the body. One such agent is now undergoing a phase I clinical trial in patients with refractory solid tumors. Elise C. Kohn, MD, senior clinical investigator at the National Cancer Institute's Laboratory of Pathology and Medicine Branch, Bethesda, Md, says that, using an in vitro assay, she and her colleagues discovered the antimetastatic and
Saving Children: A Guide to Injury Prevention
Authors: Jerome A. Paulson
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Injuries are the leading childhood health problem in the United States.  authors open with this statement and then proceed to document it thoroughly for children from birth to 15 years of age. However, the importance of this book lies in the authors' going beyond the facts. They devote most of the text to a discussion of strategies for the prevention of childhood injuries.  One of the book's basic guiding premises is that adults can, and must, make the world safer for children. Children cannot be expected to take responsibility for preventing their own injuries. In addition, there is relatively little to be achieved in teaching children to be more careful.  Organization is everything in this book, and that is both its great strength and its minor weakness. Wilson and her colleagues describe a child's world as consisting of The Roadway Environment, The Home Environment, and The School and Recreational
Postural Drainage Percussion Paddle
Authors: Paul E. Foldes
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Postural drainage with percussion has been an accepted treatment modality of patients with chronic lung disease. Single people, living alone have to do-it-themselves.  One of my patients invented a selfpercussing wooden paddle (Fig 1 and 2), which he uses with great success and satisfaction to the degree that he wants to share his experience with others who cannot prevail on anyone to perform this therapeutic service.  The photos are self explanatory.
Mortality from causes amenable and non-amenable to medical care: the experience of eastern Europe.
Authors: R J Boys, D P Forster, P Jozan
Journal: BMJ (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To investigate comparative national trends in mortality from conditions amenable to timely, appropriate medical care and from those considered not to be amenable to such care. DESIGN--Analysis of trends in direct age standardised mortality from the 1950s to 1987. SETTING--Four eastern European nations (Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Poland, the German Democratic Republic) and two western European (the Federal Republic of Germany and England and Wales) and two North American nations (United States and Canada). SUBJECTS--The total populations of the relevant countries during the period examined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Proportional changes over time in age standardised mortality. Mortality from amenable and non-amenable causes was restricted to the age group 0-64. RESULTS--A divergence in the trends for all cause mortality between eastern Europe and the western nations occurred in about 1970, when the rates in western countries steadily declined but those in eastern Europe remained fairly static. In the age group 0-64 mortality from causes considered amenable to medical care fell less quickly in eastern Europe than in the West, particularly after 1970. In the same age group, mortality from non-amenable causes rose in eastern European countries from the late 1960s compared with substantial declines in such mortality in the West. CONCLUSIONS--Non-amenable causes of death seem to be the principal, but not exclusive, reason for lack of improvement in trends in all cause mortality in eastern Europe from 1970. The agenda for action in eastern Europe should give priority to a healthier lifestyle and improvement of the environment though not neglect enhancements in the quality and efficiency of direct health services.
Exercise but not methacholine differentiates asthma from chronic lung disease in children.
Authors: S Godfrey, C Springer, N Noviski, C Maayan, A Avital
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Bronchial provocation challenges with exercise and methacholine were performed on the same day or within a short interval in 52 children with asthma, 22 with other types of chronic lung disease (including cystic fibrosis), and 19 control subjects with no evidence of chronic lung disease. There were no significant differences in the baseline lung function before the two types of challenge in the individual groups and differences between the patients with asthma and with chronic lung disease were minor. When the mean -2 SD of the methacholine response of the control group was taken as the lower limit of normal, 49/52 (94%) patients with asthma and 18/22 (82%) with chronic lung disease responded abnormally. In contrast, with the mean +2 SD of the exercise response of the control group as the upper limit of normal, 41/52 (79%) asthmatic patients responded but none of those with chronic lung disease. Thus the response to the two types of challenge helps to distinguish asthma from other types of chronic lung disease in children.
Drug Delivery: Efficient, pH‐Triggered Drug Delivery Using a pH‐Responsive DNA‐Conjugated Gold Nanoparticle (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2013)
Authors: Lei Song, Vincent H.B. Ho, Chun Chen, Zhongqiang Yang, Dongsheng Liu, Rongjun Chen, Dejian Zhou
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)
Interrupting the dark dance of bribery
Authors: A. Braillon
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Dyer reported that a joint meeting of the Royal College of Physicians and The BMJ concluded that doctors should be obliged to adhere to a code of conduct on relationships with industry and to declare their interactions with drug and medical device companies on a publicly accessible searchable database.1 Was a meeting necessary? What’s next?

Little progress has …