tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In STEMI, manual thrombectomy before PCI did not reduce CV-related outcomes but increased stroke
Authors: Eric R. Bates
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club16 June 2015In STEMI, manual thrombectomy before PCI did not reduce CV-related outcomes but increased strokeEric R. Bates, MDEric R. Bates, MDUniversity of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (E.R.B.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-12-002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationJolly SS, Cairns JA, Yusuf S, et al; TOTAL Investigators. Randomized trial of primary PCI with or without routine manual thrombectomy. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1389-98. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25853743Clinical Impact RatingsCardiology: References1. Jaffe R, Dick A, Strauss BH. Prevention and treatment of microvascular obstruction-related myocardial injury and coronary no-reflow following percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic approach. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2010;3:695-704. [PMID: 20650430] Google Scholar2. Vlaar PJ, Svilaas T, van der Horst IC, et al. Cardiac death and reinfarction after 1 year in the Thrombus Aspiration during Percutaneous coronary intervention in Acute myocardial infarction Study (TAPAS): a 1-year follow-up study. Lancet. 2008;371:1915-20. [PMID: 18539223] Google Scholar3. Lagerqvist B, Fröbert O, Olivecrona GK, et al. Outcomes 1 year after thrombus aspiration for myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1111-20. [PMID: 25176395] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA (E.R.B.)This article was published at Annals.org on 2 June 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 June 2015Volume 162, Issue 12Page: JC2KeywordsHeart failureMyocardial infarctionPercutaneous coronary interventionStent implantationStrokeTasteThrombosis ePublished: 16 June 2015 Issue Published: 16 June 2015 CopyrightCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Personal paper: Validity of advertising claims for multivitamin preparation Vitacor 20/90 on the internet
Authors: U. Troger, F. P Meyer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

New electronic media such as the internet offer great possibilities for spreading serious medical information from healthcare professionals, organisations, and authorities to the public. However, there is also a reverse side to this coin. Some companies misuse the new medium for uncontrolled distribution of drugs that have not been tested properly by national authorities or medical societies. These companies deceive patients in their advertising messages. By using citations from serious medical journals, they lead people to believe that their drugs are “highly effective.” In addition, use of such drugs may encourage patients to abstain from the usual drugs administered by doctors. In response to a patient's question about the usefulness of a multivitamin preparation in preventing and treating some cardiovascular diseases, we evaluated some of the claims made about Vitacor 20/90, which is being advertised intensively on the internet by Health Now (San Francisco, California, USA,www.healthnow1.com and is distributed in Germany from the Netherlands. #### Summary points
Abstract 18918: Disruption of Myeloid Differentiation Factor-88 Signaling Prevents the Formation of the Nlrp3 Inflammasome in the Heart in Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Mouse
Authors: Stefano Toldo, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Benjamin W Van Tassell, Carlo Mezzaroma, Salvatore Carbone, Adolfo G Mauro, Fadi N Salloum, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  The NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in the heart during acute myocardial infarction (AMI), leading to caspase-1 activation and cardiac dysfunction. This process appears to be a finely regulated mechanism requiring an adequate expression of the structural components of the inflammasome (priming) occurring through myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88) signaling, and NLRP3 activation (triggering).   Hypothesis:  Disruption of MyD88 signaling inhibits priming and prevents inflammasome formation and caspase-1 activation in the heart.   Methods:  AMI was induced in 10 weeks old mice by surgical ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Pre-treatment with MyD88-targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA; 0.5 mg/kg; i.p.) was used to knockdown MyD88 expression systemically. Scrambled non-targeting siRNA was used as control. We measured NLRP3 mRNA expression (qPCR), reflecting priming, and caspase-1 activity (enzymatic assay). To explore the contribution of the leukocytes infiltrating the heart during AMI, we repeated all experiments in mice carrying a floxed MyD88 and the Cre recombinase expressed under the control of the lysozyme 2 promoter, leading to selective deletion of MyD88 in myeloid cells, and matched wild-type controls.   Results:  MyD88 silencing had no effects on cardiac dimension or function at baseline. MyD88 knockdown (>90%) with siRNA prevented priming, measured as NLRP3 mRNA expression 72 hours following AMI (Figure A), and attenuated the formation of an active inflammasome, measured as caspase-1 activity (Figure B). Caspase-1 activity in the heart was also significantly lower in myeloid-restricted MyD88 knockout mice compared with control mice (Figure C).   Conclusions:  The formation of an active NLRP3 inflammasome in the heart during the acute phases of AMI requires intact MyD88 signaling in myeloid cells infiltrating the heart.
Abstract 12921: Incremental Value of Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging in Risk Prediction: Results from the SPARC Study
Authors: Marcelo Di Carli, James R Johnson, Mark A Hlatky, Leslee J Shaw, Michael L Ridner, Sharmila Dorbala, Rob S Beanlands, Benjamin J Chow, Elizabeth Branscomb, Panithaya Chareonthaitawee, W G Weigold, Szilard Voros, Suhny Abbara, Tsunehiro Yasuda, Jill E Jacobs, John Lesser, Daniel S Berman, Louise Thomson, Subha Raman, Gary Heller, Adam Schussheim, Richard Brunken, Kim A Williams, Susan Farkas, Dominique Delbeke, U J Schoepf, Nathaniel Reichek, Stuart Rabinowitz, Steven R Sigman, Barbara Johnson, Masha Gaber, Julie A Williams, Courtney Foster, Jon Hainer, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Circulation (2010)
6 weeks of antibiotics was noninferior to 12 weeks for clinical cure in pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis
Authors: Fainareti N. Zervou, Ioannis M. Zacharioudakis, Eleftherios Mylonakis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Bernard L, Dinh A, Ghout I, et al; Duration of Treatment for Spondylodiscitis (DTS) study group. Antibiotic treatment for 6 weeks versus 12 weeks in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2015;385:875-82. 25468170
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography After Stress Testing
Authors: Kavitha M. Chinnaiyan, Gilbert L. Raff, Tauqir Goraya, Karthikeyan Ananthasubramaniam, Michael J. Gallagher, Aiden Abidov, Judith A. Boura, David Share, Patricia A. Peyser
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ADJUSTMENT IN WARTIME
Authors: Edward L. Bortz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 September 1943ADJUSTMENT IN WARTIMEEDWARD L. BORTZ, Commander MC-V(S) USNR, F.A.C.P.EDWARD L. BORTZ, Commander MC-V(S) USNR, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-3-457 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA NATION CHALLENGEDWhen a peace loving nation is attacked, its citizens are called upon to make the most important adjustment of a lifetime. In total war, everyone is an important cog in his country's defense. Considerations of individual convenience and safety must be subordinated for national security. In time of peace, the various vocations and avocations offer the citizen a wide choice of useful pursuits, and independence of individual action is a sign of national vitality. However, when face to face with a national emergency, a rigorous discipline is essential to efficient military action. The energies and lives of...Bibliography1. REES JR: Three years of military psychiatry in the United Kingdom, Correspondence de Napoleon, 18, 14276: 1808, Brit. Med. Jr., Jan. 1943, No. 4278, pgs. 1-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ROWNTREE LG: Colonel, Chief of Medical Division of National Selective Service, April 2, 1943 (The New York Times)—speaking before the War Physical Fitness Training Institute at Teachers College, Columbia University. Google Scholar3. THOM DA: War neuroses, New England Jr. Med., 1941, ccxxv, 864-867. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. GILLESPIE RD: Psychological effects of war on citizen and soldier, Brit. Med. Jr., Jan. 30, 1943, No. 4282, pg. 133. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. STRECKER EA: Personal Communications. Google Scholar6. FAIRBAIRN WR: The war neuroses: their nature and significance, Brit. Med. Jr., Feb. 13, 1943, No. 4284, 183-186. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. PEGGE G: Correspondence, Brit. Med. Jr., March 13, 1943, No. 4288, pg. 333. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. SILLMAN LR: Psychiatry and morale, Jr. Nerv. and Ment. Dis., xcvii, 283-295. Google Scholar9. WHITEHEAD D: The psychoneurosis in military medicine, Pennsylvania Med. Jr., 1942-43, xlvi, 463-468. Google Scholar10. MEAKINS JC: Personal Communication. Google Scholar11. STRECKER EA: Fundamentals of psychiatry, 1942, J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*Read before Regional Meeting—South Central States—of The American College of Physicians, held in New Orleans, April 16, 1943.The opinions and assertions contained herein are those of the author and are not to be construed as those of the Navy or of the naval service at large. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1943Volume 19, Issue 3Page: 457-469KeywordsArmed forcesSafety Issue Published: 1 September 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Dissociation of intra- and extracellular domainsof desmosomal cadherins and E-cadherin inHailey-Hailey disease and Darier’s disease
Authors: M. Hakuno, H. Shimizu, M. Akiyama, M. Amagai, J.K. Wahl, M.J. Wheelock, T. Nishikawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

In order to clarify the pathomechanism of acantholysis in Hailey–Hailey disease (HHD) and Darier's disease (DD), the distribution of desmosomal and adherens junction-associated proteins was studied in the skin of patients with HHD (n = 4) and DD (n = 3). Domain-specific antibodies were used to determine the cellular localization of the desmosomal transmembrane glycoproteins (desmogleins 1 and 3 and desmocollin), desmosomal plaque proteins (desmoplakin, plakophilin and plakoglobin) and adherens junction-associated proteins (E-cadherin, α-catenin, β-catenin and actin). A significant difference in staining patterns between intra- and extracellular domains of desmosomal cadherins and E-cadherin was demonstrated in acantholytic cells in both HHD and DD, but not in those in pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus samples used as controls. In acantholytic cells in HHD and DD, antibodies against attachment plaque proteins and intracellular epitopes of desmosomal cadherins exhibited diffuse cytoplasmic staining, whereas markedly reduced staining was observed with antibodies against extracellular epitopes of the desmogleins. Similarly, membrane staining of an intracellular epitope of E-cadherin was preserved, while immunoreactivity of an extracellular epitope of E-cadherin was destroyed. While the DD gene has been identified as ATP2A2, the gene for HHD has not been clarified. The dissociation of intra- and extracellular domains of desmosomal cadherin and E-cadherin is characteristic of the acantholytic cells in HHD and DD, and not of pemphigus. This common phenomenon in HHD and DD might be closely related to the pathophysiological mechanisms in both conditions.
93. Targeting AAV to Brain Vascular Endothelium
Authors: A. Kate Sasser, Gregory S. Arnold, Jeffrey S. Bartlett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Gene transfer vectors based on adeno-associated virus (AAV) have shown great promise for gene therapy based on their ability to deliver genes to a broad range of host cells. AAV type 2 (AAV2) has been the most widely studied AAV serotype and the primary virus being adapted for therapeutic gene delivery. However, at least six other AAV serotypes are now being actively pursued as vectors due to the fact that they bind different receptors which impart alternative cellular tropisms. While heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) and platelet derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR) have been implicated as the receptors for AAV2 and AAV5 respectively, the receptors for the other AAV serotypes remain unknown. This has not only created a problem for the design of studies where specific gene delivery is needed, but has severely impacted our ability to purify the large-scale preparations of different serotype AAV vectors needed for further in vivo evaluation of these agents since most purification strategies rely on our knowledge of vector-receptor interactions. Using sequence and structural homology between AAV2 and the other AAV serotypes, we have generated mutant AAV 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 capsids containing small peptide insertions in surface exposed loops of individual capsid proteins. These inserted peptide sequences provide a substrate for metabolic biotinylation catalyzed by the biotin ligase product of the E. coli BirA gene. We have shown that the inserted biotin acceptor peptides (BAPs) are expressed on the AAV capsid surface and can be efficiently metabolically biotinylated during viral vector production. Biotinylated AAV vectors can be produced to wild-type titers, and maintain endogenous tropism. Importantly, we have shown that these biotinylated AAV vectors can be purified in scalable systems by chromatography on monomeric avidin resins, giving rise to a universal method for purification for all AAV vector serotypes.
Abstract P425: Frequency of Nut Consumption is Associated with Reduced Prevalence of Peripheral Arterial Disease in a Very Large Community Cohort
Authors: Sean P Heffron, Caron B Rockman, Yu Guo, Mark Adelman, Jeffrey S Berger
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Consumption of nuts may improve lipids, insulin resistance and markers of inflammation, and increased nut intake has been associated with lower risk of coronary and cerebrovascular disease. However, an association between nut intake and peripheral artery disease (PAD) is less certain. The purpose of this analysis was to investigate the association between dietary nut consumption and presence of PAD defined by ankle-brachial index (ABI) &lt;0.9 in a large community cohort. Methods: Over 3.5 million self-referred participants from 2003-2008 at &gt;20,000 US sites who completed a medical and lifestyle questionnaire were evaluated by screening ankle brachial indices &lt;0.9 for PAD. Subjects were asked about frequency of consumption of a serving of nuts (&lt;1x/month, 1x/month - 1x/week, 2-3x/week, 4-5x/week, and daily). Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds of PAD in different nut consumption categories. Results: Among 3,503,770 individuals, mean age was 63.6 ±10.6 years and 63% were female. The consumption of nuts ranged from 20% with &lt;1x/month consumption to 15% daily consumption (Figure). After adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, smoking, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and family history of vascular disease, there was a step-wise inverse association of nut intake with PAD (Figure). Compared to subjects with consumption of nuts &lt;1x/month, daily nut consumption was associated with a 23% lower odds of PAD (OR 0.774, 95% CI 0.761 - 0.787). Conclusions: We present data from a very large community cohort, in which nut consumption exhibited an inverse step-wise relationship with PAD prevalence after correction for established risk factors for atherosclerosis. These observations suggest the need for more rigorous testing for a role for nuts in PAD prevention.
467. Cationic Liposome-Based Delivery of DNA Modulating Enzymes to Specifically Regulate Gene Expression in Carcinoma Derived Cell Lines
Authors: Pamela M. J. McLaughlin, Monika Trzpis, Ieneke T. F. van der Gun, Martin C. Harmsen, Marcel H. J. Ruiters
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Gene therapy so far has not fulfilled its promise, mainly because efficiency and specificity of both the gene transferred and the transferring device are not sufficient enough. A new and potentially powerful way to treat diseases is to interfere with the endogenous gene expression of the gene of interest using DNA modifying enzymes, such as restriction enzymes and DNA-methyltransferases. These enzymes are commonly used in a wide range of genomic analysis, and by altering their specificity by coupling of gene-specific oligonucleotides or peptide-nucleic acids their specificity can be programmed at will. The delivery of these enzymes to the cell, however, remains a problem. Using the cationic liposomal device SAINT, we succeeded in the delivery of a wide range of proteins including the restriction enzyme PvuII and the methyltransferase M.SssI, which displayed functionality upon delivery, e.g. DNA fragmentation and silencing of transcription. We focused on the use of the methyltransferase enzyme M.SssI to silence the transcription of genes expressed by the human EGP-2 promoter. The epithelial glycoprotein 2 (EGP-2), also known as Ep-CAM or the pancarcinoma associated protein 17-1A, is expressed at high levels on the surface of most carcinomas. Despite the fact that EGP-2 is also expressed on normal simple epithelial tissue, EGP-2 is regarded as an attractive target for anti-cancer treatment strategies. We used this promoter to drive expression in an EGP-2 transgenic mouse model (Cancer Research, 2001) and to drive suicide genes to induce carcinoma specific cell death (submitted). Here we show that methylation is one of the mechanisms involved in the regulation of this carcinoma-specific promoter and that we can silence expression of genes driven by this promoter upon profection of the M.SssI enzyme. This is the first step in proofing that by targeting DNA manipulating enzymes expression of endogenous genes involved in diseases can be altered.
Use of Fuchsonium Compound for Non-specific Cervicitis and Vaginal Thrush
Authors: D. M. Hart, C. H. Brown
Journal: BMJ (1952)

may be wopth stressing is that in our cases the leucocyte gel layer lying between the red cells and the plasma was not removed during preparation of the suspension.Leaving this gel did not seem to play any part in the incidence of reactions.This contrasts with the impression of McQuaide and Mollison, who thought it possible that the leucocyte gel might have been at least partly responsible for the rather high reaction rate found in their series of transfusions with stored whole blood.It is generally agreed that some of the aetiological factors responsible for the allergic reactions following blood trans- fusions are most common in individuals with a past history of allergic disease.Of the patients treated in our present series only two gave such a history.Case 16 had hay-fever and asthma for some years, and actually had a number of severe attacks over the period during which he was being transfused.However, there were no reactions in connexion with the transfusions with cell suspension.Case 10, who produced a marked generalized urticaria after 1 pint of whole blood, and in whom no reaction was induced by cells in saline, never had any allergic phenomena himself, but his child suffered from severe hay-fever.Skin tests for sensitivity to plasma, however, were not carried out in any of these patients.The other important problem, apart from the question of reactions, is whether or not the cell-suspension transfusion is as effective in counteracting malnutrition and septic condi- tions and improving haematopoiesis and the general condition of the paraplegic patient as the whole-blood trans- fusion.Judging from the haemoglobin and red-blood-cell estimations (Table II), and the clinical condition of our patients before and after transfusion, it can be concluded that the cell-suspension transfusions were found to be at least as beneficial as the whole blood. SummaryThe immense value of repeated blood transfusions- the most effective method in the treatment of spinal paraplegics suffering from malnutrition and septic con- ditions due to infection of pressure sores and the urinary tract-is stressed.In a series of 22 patients the occurrence of undesirable reactions following blood transfusions is discussed.Transfusions with cell suspensions in saline were found to be more effective in decreasing the incidence of undesirable reactions than whole-blood transfusions.Certain factors responsible for allergic reactions fol- lowing blood transfusions are discussed.
POSTOPERATIVE PRECIPITATION OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCIES
Authors: Max Ellenberg, Henry Dolger, Herbert Pollack
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Case Reports1 January 1943POSTOPERATIVE PRECIPITATION OF VITAMIN DEFICIENCIESMAX ELLENBERG, M.D., HENRY DOLGER, M.D., HERBERT POLLACK, M.D., F.A.C.P.MAX ELLENBERG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HENRY DOLGER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HERBERT POLLACK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-18-1-110 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptProlonged chronic illnesses are often accompanied by anorexia and not infrequently by vomiting. In many instances, the nature of the illness may necessitate a restricted diet such as a low residue or bland diet for prolonged periods. By the time the patient enters the hospital he may, therefore, be in a state of partial vitamin depletion.The preoperative preparation of the patient usually includes a sharply limited diet, especially when surgery of the gastrointestinal tract is contemplated. Preparation not infrequently includes the administration of intravenous fluids, adding the effect of an induced diuresis which would tend to deplete the body... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication June 18, 1941.From the Metabolism Clinics and the Surgical Services of The Mount Sinai Hospital, New York City. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1943Volume 18, Issue 1Page: 110-111KeywordsBody fluidsDietGastrointestinal tractHospitalsSurgeryVomiting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...