tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 8897: Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes Decreased the Incidence of Arrhythmias in a Guinea Pig Acute Infarct Model
Authors: Yuji Shiba, Jonathan Kim, Sarah Fernandes, Sarah Dupras, Benjamin Van Biber, Atsushi Izawa, John Mignone, Todd Dardas, Ramy Hanna, Charles E Murry, Joseph D Gold, Mohan Viswanathan, Michael A Laflamme
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: The transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs) has been shown to improve ventricular function in rodent infarct models. However, a number of important safety issues remain unresolved, including concerns about the risk of pro-arrhythmic effects. To address this, we conducted a transplantation study using primary electrocardiographic endpoints and the guinea pig model, as this species has a heart rate better matched to humans than do rats and mice. Methods and Results: Ten days after undergoing near-transmural cryoinjury of the anterior left ventricle, immunosuppressed adult guinea pigs received direct intra-cardiac injections of 100x10 6 hESC-CMs (n=15 animals), 100x10 6 hESC-derived non-cardiac cells (non-CM, n=13), or vehicle alone (n=14). By histology at 28 days post-transplantation, the recipients of hESC-CMs showed engrafted human myocardium that occupied 8.4±1.5% of the scarred injury area, and no teratomas were identified. By echocardiography at 28 days post-transplantation, hESC-CM recipients had a significantly higher fractional shortening than did controls (hESC-CM: 25.4±0.8%, non-CM: 20.3±1.2%, vehicle: 21.0±1.3%, p&lt;0.01). During telemetric ECG monitoring from days 3 through 28 days post-transplantation, a smaller fraction of hESC-CM recipients exhibited spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) than in controls (20% of hESC-CM, 54% of non-CM, 28% of vehicle recipients). Moreover, when these animals were challenged with programmed electrical stimulation at 28 days post-transplantation, hESC-CM recipients showed a substantially reduced incidence of induced VT (6.7% of hESC-CM, 61.5% of non-CM, and 50.0% of vehicle recipients, p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: hESC-CM grafts survived in injured guinea pig hearts, and their transplantation resulted in preserved mechanical function, as well as a reduced incidence of both spontaneous and induced arrhythmias. The mechanistic basis of this arrhythmia-suppressive effect remains unknown, but it may provide a new rationale for the preclinical development of cardiac cell therapies based on hESC-CMs.
Abstract 17618: Casein Kinase 2-Dependent Phosphorylation of Histone Deacetylase 2 S394 Mediates Cardiac Hypertrophy
Authors: Gwang Hyeon Eom, Jeong Hyeon Ko, Young Kuk Cho, Sera Shin, Hae Jin Kee, Hyun Kook
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to various exogenous stresses including hypertension, valvular dysfunction and even myocardiac infarction, which is characterized by an enlargement of in...
Mobilizing Agents G-CSF, Cyclophosphamide or AMD3100 (Plerixafor) Have Distinct Effects on Osteoblasts, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches, and B-Lymphopoiesis,
Authors: Jean-Pierre Levesque, Linda J. Bendall, Allison R Pettit, Liza Raggatt, Rebecca Jacobsen, Valerie Barbier, Bianca Nowlan, Yi Shen, Natalie A Sims, Ingrid G Winkler
Journal: Blood (2011)
The development of psychiatric reform in Slovenia.
Authors: Vesna Svab, Urban Groleger, Slavko Ziherl
Journal: World Psychiatry (2006)

The situation of mental health care in Slovenia is briefly reviewed. The reduction of beds in psychiatric hospitals has started already in the 1970s; a further decrease has occurred in the last few years. The number of admissions to these hospitals has increased recently, while hospitalizations have become shorter. On the other hand, the access to psychiatric outpatient facilities is becoming increasingly difficult. Under these circumstances, it is necessary to enhance community mental health care. Patients and families have great expectations about the new mental health legislation, which is supposed to be associated with a national mental health program.
Abstract 18892: Carbon Nanotube Micro-Computed Tomography Imaging of Myocardial Infarction using Delayed Contrast Enhancement
Authors: Ko-Han Wang, Laurel M Burke, Eunice Kang, Yueh Z Lee, Guohua Cao, Jianping Lu, Mauricio Rojas, Monte S Willis, Otto Zhou
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Purpose: Evaluation of murine cardiac models using micro-CT techniques has been severely limited due to extreme imaging requirements. Unlike conventional x-ray tubes, carbon nanotube (CNT) based so...
Abstract 3574: Unsuspected Left Ventricular Wall Motion Abnormalities Identified by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in a Free-Living Population: Lessons from the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Connie W Tsao, Philimon Gona, Carol J Salton, Peter G Danias, Susan Blease, Mark G Albert, Daniel Levy, Christopher J O’Donnell, Warren J Manning, Susan B Yeon
Journal: Circulation (2007)

INTRODUCTION: Resting left ventricular (LV) wall motion abnormalities (WMAs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We hypothesized that unsuspected resting WMAs would be present in a healthy population and applied cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) to characterize the prevalence of these in a free-living population. METHODS: 1794 subjects in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort (844M, 65±9 yrs) underwent cine CMR in short-axis, 2-ch, and 4-ch planes. Wall motion was scored using a standard 17-segment model with a 5-point scale. Global and regional (Ant, Sept, Inf, Lat) wall motion score indices (WMSI=wall motion score/# segments) were calculated with a WMSI&gt;1 considered abnormal. LV ejection fraction (EF) and mass index (LVMI) were measured from the short axis stack. Adjudicated clinical events [CE; a history of coronary heart disease (CHD) or congestive heart failure (CHF)] were assessed. RESULTS: WMAs were present in 143 subjects. Compared to subjects with no prior CE, those with CE (n=157) had greater prevalence of WMA (Global, 34% vs 6%; Ant, 16% vs 2%; Sept, 18% vs 3%; Inf, 28% vs 4%; Lat, 27% vs 3%; all p&lt;0.0001) and higher Framingham Risk Score (FRS) (11±3 vs 7±4, p&lt;0.0001). In subjects with CE, WMA was associated with higher LVMI (70±14 g/m 2 vs 59±14 g/m 2 , p&lt;0.0001) and lower EF (53±11% vs 69±6%, p&lt;0.0001), but not age, blood pressure (BP), or FRS. Among 1637 subjects with no CE, 90 (5.5%) had a WMA. In these subjects, WMA was associated with greater age, BP, FRS, and LVMI, and lower EF (TABLE ). In the entire (n=1794) cohort, WMAs were more prevalent in men than in women (40% vs 19% with CE; 9% vs 3% without CE, respectively, both p&lt;0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: In this closely followed free-living population, 5.5% of subjects have WMAs despite the absence of CE. WMAs were associated with other parameters of cardiovascular risk. The presence of WMAs among subjects without history of CHD or CHF may identify those at risk for adverse cardiovascular events.
Abstract 4531: Statin Use Is Associated with Decreased Mortality in Persons with Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Himabindu Vidula, Lu Tian, Kiang Liu, Mary M McDermott
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We determined whether statin use was associated with lower all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in persons with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). We also determined whether favorable associations of statin use with mortality were stronger in persons with higher C-reactive protein (CRP) compared to those with lower CRP levels. Participants were 681 men and women with PAD from the Walking and Leg Circulation Study (WALCS) and WALCS II prospective cohort studies. Participants were identified from non-invasive vascular laboratories in Chicago. Participants attended a baseline visit and annual visits for a mean follow-up of 3.7 years. Statin use was determined at baseline and each annual visit. Outcome measures were all-cause and CVD mortality. Time dependent Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate associations of statin use and mortality. Analyses were also repeated separately in participants with baseline CRP values above vs. below the median for the cohort. Analyses were adjusted for age, sex, race, comorbid conditions, ankle brachial index, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and other confounders. One hundred fifty five (23%) persons died during follow-up. Two hundred ninety (43%) persons were on a statin at baseline. At baseline, median CRP level was 2.6 mg/L. Statin use was associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.52 [95% CI, 0.31 to 0.88], P = 0.014) and CVD mortality (hazard ratio, 0.41 [95% CI, 0.17 to 0.99], P = 0.048) as compared to statin non-use. In persons with CRP &gt;2.6 mg/L, statin use was associated with a significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 0.44 [95% CI, 0.23 to 0.88], P = 0.019, interaction term P = 0.67) and CVD mortality (hazard ratio, 0.20 [95% CI, 0.06 to 0.65], P = 0.0075, interaction term P = 0.39). However, in persons with CRP &lt; 2.6 mg/L, statin use was not associated with lower mortality. Among persons with PAD, statin use is associated with significantly lower all-cause and CVD mortality at mean follow-up of 3.7 years. This finding is largely attributable to favorable associations of statin use with lower mortality among PAD patients with elevated baseline CRP levels.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab versus Laser Treatment in Type 1 Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Domenico Lepore, Graham E. Quinn, Fernando Molle, Antonio Baldascino, Lorenzo Orazi, Maria Sammartino, Velia Purcaro, Carmen Giannantonio, Patrizia Papacci, Costantino Romagnoli
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Combination of bevacizumab (B) plus immunotherapy, with interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-α (IFN-α) plus chemotherapy (BIC) in patients with metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC): Dose-finding phase II trial
Authors: S. Buti, S. Lazzarelli, C. Simonelli, S. Venturini, S. Spazzapan, G. Lo Re, R. Mattioli, M. Dalla Chiesa, M. Brighenti, R. Passalacqua
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15586 Background: Treatment with IL-2 and IFN-a is considered as an effective immunotherapy (IT) for mRCC. Bevacizumab (B) proved to have efficacy with different mechanism as regards as IL-2 + IFN-a, and had at least an additive effect with chemotherapy (Ch) in many tumors. On this basis, it is reasonable to search for a synergism between B, IT and Ch. Methods: This is a multicenter dose- finding/phase II study aimed at to investigate: 1) safety, tolerability, dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of the BIC combination; 2) antitumor activity. Dose-finding study comprised 5 escalation dose levels of Ch: Gemcitabine (G) (initial dose 600 mg/m 2 to 1,000 mg/m 2 ) followed by 5FU bolus (initial dose 400 mg/m 2 to 600 mg/m 2 ) each one on days 1 and 8 every 28 days, associated with fixed doses of B (10mg/kg on days 1 and 15), IL-2 (1 MUI/m 2 bid sc on days 8, 9, 15, 16 and 1 MUI/m 2 /day sc from days 10 to 12 and from 17 to 19) and IFN-a (3 MUI sc on days 10, 12, 17, 19). Three patients were enrolled at each dose level according to Fibonacci statistical method. Phase II study used the reached MTD and was conducted according to two stage Minimax Simon design. Treatment was repetead for a maximum of 6 cycles followed by a maintenance therapy with B and IT until progressive disease (PD). Results: 32 patients were enrolled (male 75%); median age 58 years (range: 28–75): of these, 23 was assessable for toxicity, 14 were pre-treated and 9 not; there was 1 case of DLT (2° level) due to a transitory grade 3 transaminases rising; phase II used the highest dose level of Ch. Grade 3–4 toxicity during all cycles included: neutropenia non febrile (11/23) and 1 febrile, fever in 5; grade 3 toxicity included: thrombocytopenia in 7, asthenia in 4, hypertension in 2, anemia in 2; no bleeding of grade 3–4. So far there are 20 assessable patients for response: 6 (30%) partial response, 8 (40%) stable disease and 6 (30%) PD for an overall disease control rate of 70%. Conclusion: This is the first study that explored the synergy between antiangiogenic therapy, IT and Ch in mRCC. The BIC combination is generally well tolerated and shows promising activity. The Phase II study is currently ongoing and accrual is still open. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 9387: The Inverse Association Between the Existence of Coronary Artery Disease and the Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Atsuko Nakayama, Hiroyuki Morita, Jiro Ando, Hideo Fujita, Masatoshi Nagayama, Shuichirou Takanashi, Tetsuya Sumiyoshi, Tetsurou Miyata, Ryozo Nagai
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objectives: The aims of this study are to clarify the relationship among preoperative CAD (coronary artery disease), clinical manifestation of AAA (abdominal aortic aneurysm) and postoperative MACE (major adverse cardiac events). Background: A strong co-existence of CAD and AAA is well-known, however, it remains to be elucidated whether the existence of CAD is associated with the accelerated expansion rate of AAA. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 823 consecutive patients receiving the coronary angiography before elective surgical repair for infrarenal fusiform AAA in two hospitals from 2003 through 2009. Ruptured, saccular, traumatic or inflammatory aneurysm were excluded in advance and cases with Marfan syndrome and cases with short followed-up period (&lt;3 months) were also excluded. After exclusion, 665 patients were taken into consideration. All patients were underwent coronary angiography before surgery and their AAA size were followed up by CT scan at least more than 3 times until surgery. Results: The higher rates of postoperative MACE including cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome and cerebral infarction were observed in the CAD cases (n=342) compared with non-CAD cases (n=323) by Kaplan-Meier analysis (P=0.038). The initial follow-up size of AAA was 36.8±5.9 mm and the size at surgery was 52.3±10.8 mm. The existence of CAD cases was inversely associated with the accelerated expansion rate of AAA (CAD 3.8±2.1 mm/yr vs. non-CAD 5.0±3.2 mm/yr, HR 0.24, p&lt;0.01). ECG change or asynergy in echocardiography at surgery were not associated with the expansion rate. Otherwise, only ex-smoker was the risk of the expansion rate (HR 1.67, p=0.037). Coronary risk factors except for ex-smoker, and the administration of antihypertensive drugs and statin weren’t significantly associated with the expansion rate. Multiple analyses indicated the same result. Conclusions: Although CAD was the strong risk of MACE after surgical repair for AAA, the counterintuitive inverse association between the existence of CAD and progression of infrarenal AAA was identified. This is the significant study on the relationship between CAD and the expansion rate of AAA.
Endoscopic Band Ligation for Control of Acute Peptic Ulcer Bleeding
Authors: C H Park, W S Lee, Y E Joo, S K Choi, J S Rew, S J Kim
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

The use of endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is being extended to treat various causes of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of EBL for control of acute peptic ulcer bleeding and to define the lesions that are most suitable for this technique.19 patients with major stigmata of acute peptic ulcer bleeding were treated using EBL; 11 patients had active bleeding and eight patients had a nonbleeding visible vessel.The site of acute peptic ulcer bleeding was the stomach in 12 patients, the duodenum in four patients, and Billroth II anastomosis in three. Initial hemostasis was achieved in 19 patients (100 %) in a single session. There were no rebleeding episodes in any of the patients, and there was no bleeding-related or procedure-related death. During long-term outpatient follow-up, bleeding did not recur.EBL is an effective and safe endoscopic treatment for small-sized nonfibrotic acute peptic ulcer bleeding. Larger studies in patients with acute peptic ulcer bleeding are needed to confirm these promising results.
Abstract 13739: 16-Week Vitamin D Therapy Improves Endothelial Function and Does Not Change Arterial Stiffness in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Authors: Nihil Chitalia, Tuan F Ismail, Juan C Kaski, Debasish Banerjee
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: We have previously demonstrated abnormal endothelial function in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and its association with Vitamin D deficiency. However the impact of Vitamin ...
Abstract 3695: Valsartan Amlodipine Combination and Prevention of Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence in Hypertensive Diabetic Patients
Authors: Roberto Fogari, Paola Preti, Amedeo Mugellini, Maurizio Destro, Pierangelo Lazzari, Andrea Rinaldi
Journal: Circulation (2006)

To evaluate the effect of antihypertensive treatment with valsartan-amlodipine combination as compared to atenolol-amlodipine combination in preventing the recurrence of atrial fibrillation in hype...
Abstract 3711: Role of Adiponectin in Modulating Oxidative-Stress Induced Cardiomyocyte Autophagy
Authors: Eric E Essick, Richard M Wilson, Noriyuki Ouchi, Flora Sam
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induce autophagy, a highly regulated process of protein and organelle degradation. Autophagy serves as a survival mechanism in response to stressors, but...
Immunity in young adults with major depressive disorder
Authors: Steven Schleifer, Steven Keller, Jacqueline A. Bartlett, Haftan M. Eckholdt, Beverly R. Delaney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors previously found evidence for an age-related association between major depression and altered immunity. The present study was designed to assess a range of immune measures in young adults with major depression.A homogeneous group of 21 unmedicated, ambulatory young adults with unipolar major depressive episode, as determined with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, were assessed in comparison with 21 matched nondepressed subjects. An extended battery of quantitative and functional immune measures was obtained on the same day from depressed and nondepressed subjects.Young adult subjects with major depression had more circulating leukocytes and granulocytes, fewer CD56+ (natural killer [NK]) cells, and, when the number of circulating NK cells was controlled, less NK cell activity. Mitogen responses, consistent with the authors' previous report, showed little difference between the young adults with and without major depression except for a possibly greater response at the highest dose of phytohemagglutinin.Major depression in young adults is associated with alterations in aspects of the immune system primarily involving NK cells. Some but not all these immune changes differ from those found in older depressed adults.
Multimedia: Medicine in the English Middle Ages
Authors: Christopher Lawrence
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Faye Getz


Princeton University Press, £21.95, pp 174 




ISBN 0 691 08522 6

———————

Rating: ★★★

The term medieval, although available for simple descriptive use, is also open to pejorative employment. How would you like your values, way of life, or indeed your medical practice described as medieval? Such a use is an inheritance of the stigmatisation of the middle ages as superstitious and priest-ridden by our rationalist grandparents, notably Edward Gibbon. Outside this tradition, however, has been another that has sought to understand medieval art and religion in its own terms. The same is true of medicine, and while some have found the middle ages a source of jolly jokes about barbaric medical treatment others have endeavoured to understand medieval healing as part of a whole way of life. Faye Getz is heir to this latter approach and wears the mantle in most distinguished fashion. This is truly a very fine book.

Drawing on the best of modern scholarship and her own extensive researches into such things as legal records, case books, and the works of Geoffrey Chaucer, Getz slowly builds up a picture of the literate medicine of medieval England. For the most part she is not concerned with the healing practices of ordinary folk, and original accounts of these are few anyway. Rather she seeks to display the world in which the ancestors of modern orthodox medicine practised. As might be expected, religion and medicine can scarcely be teased apart in this world; a point wonderfully illustrated by the works of the Franciscan Roger Bacon. For Bacon, the purpose of textual criticism was to restore texts to their original state before Babel, alchemy to return base metals to gold, and medicine to restore the body to its prelapsarian glory. Where medicine ends and philosophy and alchemy begin is far more apparent to us than it was to Bacon.

In what is actually more of an extended essay—92 pages of prose plus extensive notes and bibliography—Getz takes the reader through the English practitioner abroad and foreigners in Britain, the founding of the medical faculties of Oxford and Cambridge, the medical text, and much more. Those who seek to preserve the middle ages as a bran tub of anecdotes about bawdiness and drunkenness will find much ammunition in her account of coroners’ courts. Walter de Elmeleye, for example, died after a brawl when the drunken Alice Quenbetere engaged in “wordy strife” with two workmen, calling them “tredekeiles.”

Written with a deft and confident hand, this book will appeal to amateur and scholar alike as one of the best examples of modern medical history.
Abstract 1178: Endothelial Cell Activation, Impaired Nitric Oxide Bioavailability and Reduced Endothelial Repair Capacity After Anger Provocation
Authors: Leah B Rosenberg, Shuqing Zhao, Matthew Cholankeril, Padmini Iyer, Sangbeen Hong, Matthew M Burg, Daichi Shimbo
Journal: Circulation (2009)