tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Assessment of RT-PCR detection of human mammaglobin for the diagnosis of breast cancer derived pleural effusions
Authors: S. Roncella, P. Ferro, B. Bacigalupo, P. Pronzato, M. Franceschini, L. Pratticò, A. Carletti, P. Canessa, V. Fontana, M. Pistillo, F. Fedeli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1112 Background: Detection of breast cancer (BC) cells in pleural effusions (PE) is usually achieved by routine cytomorphology. However, the diagnosis of PE by this methodology shows scarce sensitivity thus requiring more sensitive and specific techniques. Recently, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been proposed to improve the diagnostic accuracy of PE. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible application of a nested RT-PCR for human mammaglobin (hMAM) mRNA detection, compared to cytology, in the diagnostic evaluation of PE. Methods: Two hundred and fifty PE samples including 32 from patients who had diagnosis of BC, 116 from patients with other cancers and 102 from patients with benign diseases were subjected to nested RT-PCR for hMAM. Diagnostic performance of hMAM RT-PCR was based on binomial distribution while comparison between correlated proportions was assessed through MCNemar test. Two-tailed p value<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: hMAM was found expressed in 76/250 (30.4%) total PE and in 23/28 (sensitivity of 82.1%) of the PE sub-group due to metastasis from BC. The specificity for hMAM detection method was 75.7%, while accuracy (Ac), positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were 76.4%, 30.3% and 97.1%, respectively. hMAM was also detected in 46/116 (39.6%) PE specimens from other types of cancer and in 7/102 (6.8%) from benign diseases. Comparative analysis of RT-PCR and cytology showed that 14 PE samples from metastatic BC (50%) were positive by both PCR and cytology, 9 (32.1%) were positive only by PCR and 5 (17.9%) were negative by both tests whereas no cases were found of positive cytology with negative PCR. RT-PCR increased sensitivity of BC effusion detection of 32.1% (McNemar test p value=0.004). Conclusions: The RT-PCR methodology, developed for this study, has provided a rapid, reproducible and cost-effective hMAM analysis test for BC diagnosis of PE. Moreover, RT-PCR for hMAM test was more sensitive but less specific than cytomorphology. We conclude that this test may be useful in adjunct to cytology for the routine screening of malignant BC effusions. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Platelet/polymorphonuclear leukocyte interaction in dynamic conditions: evidence of adhesion cascade and cross talk between P-selectin and the beta 2 integrin CD11b/CD18
Authors: V Evangelista, S Manarini, S Rotondo, N Martelli, R Polischuk, JL McGregor, G de Gaetano, C Cerletti
Journal: Blood (1996)
AN UNUSUAL CASE OF OSTEOPSATHYROSIS (FRAGILITAS OSSIUM, LOBSTEIN'S DISEASE)
Authors: Everett B. Poole
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Case Reports1 November 1936AN UNUSUAL CASE OF OSTEOPSATHYROSIS (FRAGILITAS OSSIUM, LOBSTEIN'S DISEASE)EVERETT B. POOLE, M.D.EVERETT B. POOLE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-10-5-683 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe disease which has been called fragilitas ossium, Lobstein's disease,1 or osteopsathyrosis is characterized by the remarkable symptomatic triad of blue sclerae, brittle bones, and deafness. The general features of the disease have been well summarized by Apert,2 and by Ottley,3 who give comprehensive reviews of the literature. Ottley lists the following as characterizing the syndrome of osteopsathyrosis:1. Fragility of bone.2. Peculiar conformation and structure of bone.3. Peculiar shape of the skull.4. Laxity of the ligaments.5. Blue coloration of the sclerae.6. Deafness.7. Abnormal electrical reaction of the muscles.8. Miscellaneous abnormalities of the...Bibliography1. VON LOBSTEIN JF: Traité d'anatomie pathologique, Paris, 1833, ii, 204. Google Scholar2. APERT E: Les hommes de verre; Fragilité osseuses hérédofamiliale avec crâne à Rebord, sclérotiques bleues et troubles auditifs, Presse méd., 1928, xxxvi, 805. Google Scholar3. OTTLEY CM: Osteopsathyrosis (Lobstein's disease); a critical review, Arch. Dis. Child., 1932, vii, 137. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. WAGONER GW: Idiopathic osteopsathyrosis (fragilitas ossium), Ann. Surg., 1924, lxxx, 115. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. VOORHOEVE N: Blue sclerotics in connection with other hereditary or congenital abnormalities, Lancet, 1918, ii, 740. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. VAN DER HOEVEDE KLEYN JA: Blaue Sklera, Knochenhrüchigkeit, und Schwerhörigkeit, Arch. f. Ophth., 1918, xcv, 81. Google Scholar7. BAUER J: Konstitutionelle Disposition zu inneren Krankheiten, Berlin, 1924. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. FRANCKE E: Über blaue Sklera und ihren Zusammenhang mit Knochenhrüchigkeit und Otosklerose, Klin. Monatsbl. f. Augenheilk., 1924, lxxiii, 119. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Greenville, South Carolina*Received for publication January 3, 1936.From The Department of Medicine, Duke University Hospital and School of Medicine. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1936Volume 10, Issue 5Page: 683-688KeywordsBoneDeafnessHospital medicineLigamentsMusclesSkull ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
Skin Tags and Colonic Polyps
Authors: Wendy Levinson, Patrick M. Dunn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1986Skin Tags and Colonic PolypsWENDY LEVINSON, M.D., PATRICK M. DUNN, M.D.WENDY LEVINSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, PATRICK M. DUNN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-4-588_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We have reviewed the article in the December issue on skin tags and adenomatous polyps of the colon (1), and we disagree with the authors' conclusions. The sensitivity and specificity of skin tags for identifying a patient with adenomatous colonic polyps were reported to be 73% and 71%, respectively. The authors state that the odds of skin tags and colonic polyps occurring together far exceeds what would have been expected by chance alone, and they imply that patients at risk for polyps should be screened by skin examination. Unfortunately, this study is similar to the study by...References1. CHOBANIAN S, VAN NESS M, WINTERS C, and CATTAU E. Skin tags as a marker for adenomatous polyps of the colon. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103(1 pt 1):892-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LEAVITT J, KLEIN I, KENDRICKS F, GAVALER J, and VAN THIEL D. Skin tags: a cutaneous marker for colonic polyps. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:928-30. LinkGoogle Scholar3. HAYNES R. How to read clinical journals: II. To learn about a diagnostic test. Can Med Assoc J. 1981;124:703-10. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. FLEGEL K, DUNN P, BENTLEY R, and MILLER M. Skin tags and colonic polyps [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:159. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: WENDY LEVINSON, M.D.; PATRICK M. DUNN, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCutaneous manifestations of gastrointestinal disorders. Part IGastrointestinal Polyposis Syndromes 1 April 1986Volume 104, Issue 4Page: 588-588KeywordsColonSpecificity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 06: Body Mass Index And The Risk Of All-cause Mortality Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: wenhui zhao, Peter Katzmarzyk, Ronald Horswell, Yujie Wang, Jolene Johnson, Steven Heymsfield, William Cefalu, Donna Ryan, Gang Hu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Several prospective studies have evaluated the association between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of all-cause mortality among diabetic patients; however, the results are controversial. Aim: To investigate the association of BMI levels with all-cause mortality among patients with type 2 diabetes in the Louisiana State University Hospital-based Longitudinal study (LSUHLS). Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study (2000-2009) of diabetic patients including 19,785 African Americans and 15,534 whites. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of BMI levels at baseline, during follow-up and at last visit with the risk of all-cause mortality. Results: During a mean follow up of 8.7 years, 4,206 deaths were identified. The multivariable-adjusted (age, sex, smoking, income and type of insurance) hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause mortality associated with BMI levels (&lt;23, 23-24.9, 25-29.9, 30-34.9 [reference group], 35-39.9, and ≥40 kg/m 2 ) at baseline were 2.53 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.18-2.93), 1.76 (1.48-2.09), 1.23 (1.08-1.40), 1.00, 1.19 (1.02-1.38), and 1.22 (1.05-1.41) for African Americans, and 1.92 (1.63-2.27), 1.53 (1.28-1.82), 1.07 (0.95-1.21), 1.00, 1.07 (0.93-1.23), and 1.21 (1.06-1.39) for whites, respectively. When stratified by age, gender, smoking status or use of anti-diabetic drugs, a U-shaped association was still present. When we used an updated mean or last visit value of BMI, the U-shaped association of BMI with all-cause mortality risk did not change. Conclusions: The current study indicated a U-shaped association of BMI with all-cause mortality risk among African American and white patients with type 2 diabetes. A significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality was observed among African Americans with BMI&lt;30 kg/m 2 and BMI ≥35 kg/m 2 , and among whites with BMI&lt;25 kg/m 2 and BMI ≥40 kg/m 2 compared with patients with BMI 30-34.9 kg/m 2 .
The Entry of the Animals Into Noah's Ark
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Book: An Intelligent Person's Guide to Ethics
Authors: P. Crichton
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Mary Warnock Duckworth £12.95, pp 128 ISBN 0715628410 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Mary Warnock is a highly regarded moral philosopher. She has been headmistress of Oxford High School and mistress of Girton College, Cambridge, and she has chaired the Government Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology, whose conclusions formed the basis of subsequent legislation. She is no pure academic but has extensive experience in the practical application of moral philosophy, especially in medicine. This all shows in her latest book. Although written for the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Abstract 455: Increased copy number of Septin 9 (SEPT9) in women with high grade endometrial adenocarcinoma(EMCA): Is there a potential link to paclitaxel resistance
Authors: Jenna R. Zechmeister, Gary L. Goldberg, Cristina Montagna
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Septins are a unique family of GTPases that are important in the regulation of a variety of essential cellular functions. Specifically, SEPT9 has been demonstrated to be vital in normal development in a mouse model. When a full knockout is generated, the phenotype is embryonically lethal. SEPT9 has also been implicated in tumorigenesis and our group has identified SEPT9 as an oncogene which is amplified and overexpressed in breast cancer. We have demonstrated that in high grade breast carcinomas, the subtype with the worst clinical outcome, exhibit significant increases in SEPT9 copy number variation (CNV) when compared to other breast tumor grades. Therefore to explore a possible biomarker role of SEPT9 in other tumor types, we have investigated the CNV status of SEPT9 in EMCA using data from the publically available Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Within the published dataset, 7.8% of patients have an increased CNV of the gene. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves between the 2 groups show a decreased overall survival in the EMCA patients who exhibit CNV (n=18) with a 5-year survival of 44% compared to 83% (p = 0.003) in the remaining EMCA patients without an alteration in CNV (n=214). Septins assemble into filaments that interact with the cytoskeleton. Published data on established cell lines with an overexpression of specific isoforms suggest an association between the overexpression and resistance to paclitaxel. Many high grade EMCA patients are treated with adjuvant paclitaxel-based regimens. We hypothesize that an increased CNV and overexpression of SEPT9 is associated with paclitaxel resistance on a molecular level and a worse clinical prognosis. To support our hypothesis, we will test established uterine papillary serous carcinoma cell lines (UPSC), an aggressive high grade EMCA, for CNV variation of SEPT9 and resistance to paclitaxel. In addition, tumor samples from patients with advanced stage (III-IV) UPSC will be investigated for an increased CNV of SEPT9. Citation Format: Jenna R. Zechmeister, Gary L. Goldberg, Cristina Montagna. Increased copy number of Septin 9 (SEPT9) in women with high grade endometrial adenocarcinoma(EMCA): Is there a potential link to paclitaxel resistance. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 455. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-455
Abstract 3080: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy For Chronic Heart Failure Restores Action Potential Duration, Resting Potential And Inward Rectifier Current.
Authors: Arun Sridhar, Yoshinori Nishijima, Adriana Pedraza-Toscano, Robert L Hamlin, Sandor Gyorke, David S Feldman, Cynthia A Carnes
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Paronychia associated with antiretroviral therapy
Authors: None Tosti, None Piraccini, None D'antuono, None Marzaduri, None Bettoli
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

We report six HIV patients who developed painful periungual inflammation of several nails during treatment with the antiretroviral drugs indinavir and lamivudine. The lesions appeared 2–12 months after starting treatment. The occurrence of paronychia in HIV patients has recently been reported in two groups of patients receiving either indinavir or lamivudine. Dermatologists should be aware of this recently reported and probably not uncommon side‐effect of antiretroviral treatment in order to avoid an invasive approach to the nail lesions.
Mouse models for Friedreich ataxia exhibit cardiomyopathy, sensory nerve defect and Fe-S enzyme deficiency followed by intramitochondrial iron deposits
Authors: Hélène Puccio, Delphine Simon, Mireille Cossée, Paola Criqui-Filipe, Francesco Tiziano, Judith Melki, Colette Hindelang, Robert Matyas, Pierre Rustin, Michel Koenig
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Economics of periodontal care: market trends, competitive forces and incentives
Authors: Thomas F. Flemmig, Thomas Beikler
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2013)

Abstract The adoption of new technologies for the treatment of periodontitis and the replacement of teeth has changed the delivery of periodontal care. The objective of this review was to conduct an economic analysis of a mature periodontal service market with a well‐developed workforce, including general dentists, dental hygienists and periodontists. Publicly available information about the delivery of periodontal care in the USA was used. A strong trend toward increased utilization of nonsurgical therapy and decreased utilization of surgical periodontal therapy was observed. Although periodontal surgery remained the domain of periodontists, general dentists had taken over most of the nonsurgical periodontal care. The decline in surgical periodontal therapy was associated with an increased utilization of implant‐supported prosthesis. Approximately equal numbers of implants were surgically placed by periodontists, oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and general dentists. Porter’s framework of the forces driving industry competition was used to analyze the role of patients, dental insurances, general dentists, competitors, entrants, substitutes and suppliers in the periodontal service market. Estimates of out‐of‐pocket payments of self‐pay and insured patients, reimbursement by dental insurances and providers’ earnings for various periodontal procedures and alternative treatments were calculated. Economic incentives for providers may explain some of the observed shifts in the periodontal service market. Given the inherent uncertainty about treatment outcomes in dentistry, which makes clinical judgment critical, providers may yield to economic incentives without jeopardizing their ethical standards and professional norms. Although the economic analysis pertains to the USA, some considerations may also apply to other periodontal service markets.
Abstract 3565: Regulation of Myocardial Creatine Uptake by Intra- and Extracellular Creatine Levels
Authors: Kimmo Makinen, Michiel ten Hove, Liam Sebag-Montefiore, Imre Hunyor, Julie Wallis, Craig Lygate, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Creatine plays an important role in energy metabolism in the heart. Cardiomyocytes accumulate creatine via a specific creatine transporter (CrT), the capacity of which is reduced in the failing heart, resulting in lower myocardial creatine concentration. To gain insight into how the CrT is regulated by intra- and extracellular creatine concentrations, we studied two mouse models of severely altered myocardial creatine levels, guanidinoacetate-N-methyl transferase knock out (GAMT−/−) mice and mice overexpressing the myocardial CrT (CrT-OE). We measured cardiac creatine uptake level in isolated creatine free GAMT−/− mouse hearts from using 14C-radiolabeled creatine, and found that creatine uptake capacity was massively elevated, with a 7-fold increase in Vmax. Cardiac creatine uptake levels in CrT-OE mice were increased on average 2.7-fold, showing a considerable variation, in line with a similar variation in creatine content as measured with HPLC. To understand whether the elevated CrT uptake was due to transcriptional regulation, we measured CrT mRNA levels in the GAMT−/− mouse hearts, but found only a 1.4-fold increase relative to WT values, and no significant difference relative to CrT mRNA levels in the CrT-OE mice. However, the increase in Cr uptake and in CrT mRNA levels in the GAMT−/− mice was prevented when mice were fed a creatine-supplemented diet, indicating that creatine uptake is subject to negative feedback regulation. To determine whether high intracellular creatine concentrations could downregulate CrT transcription, we correlated the expression of total and endogenous CrT mRNA with myocardial creatine levels in the CrT-OE mouse hearts. Total CrT mRNA (transgenic CrT + endogenous CrT) levels correlated well with myocardial creatine content (r=0.67; p&lt;0.0001), but endogenous CrT mRNA levels did not correlate at all with myocardial creatine content (r=0.01;p=0.96), suggesting that intracellular creatine levels did not influence CrT transcription. In summary, creatine uptake can be massively upregulated in the heart and this upregulation is subject to feedback inhibition. In addition, our results strongly suggest that CrT activity is predominantly regulated by mechanisms other than alterations in gene expression.
Effect of HIV-2 Infection on HIV-1 Disease Progression
Authors: Joakim Esbjörnsson, Fredrik Månsson, Patrik Medstrand
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

To the Editor: Esbjornsson and colleagues (July 19 issue)1 conclude that infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) attenuates the course of HIV-1 infection. Their report raises three issues. First, in Guinea-Bissau, up to 30% of persons infected with both HIV-1 and HIV-2 have coinfection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1),2 a circumstance that leads to an increased percentage of CD4+ T cells.3 The authors did not control for coinfection with HTLV-1, a condition that may well have contributed to the high percentage of CD4+ T cells among persons with dual HIV infection. Second, despite the study’s long follow-up time, the authors did not treat age as a time-dependent variable in the Cox regression analyses; failure to have done so may have led to the appearance of a reduction in the rate of disease progression. In a recently published survival analysis (including 70 participants with dual HIV infection who were followed for 20 years) in which age was treated as a time-dependent variable, no differences in mortality were observed between participants with HIV-1 infection only and those with dual infection.4 Finally, none of six studies comparing mortality rates between participants with HIV-1 infection only and participants with dual infection reported lower mortality among participants with dual infection (see the figure published with the full text of this letter at NEJM.org)5; the findings of Esbjornsson and colleagues seem to be at odds with the findings in these studies and with the fact that HIV-2 infection does not affect HIV-1 viral load in persons with dual infection.5 Carla van Tienen, M.D., Ph.D. Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands c.vantienen@erasmusmc.nl