tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Primary Intramedullary Tumors of the Spinal Cord and Filum Terminale
Authors: Orville T. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Many years ago, Cushing pointed out that it is not enough to know the natural history of individual histological types of tumor. What is required is knowledge of each one in a specific location. Cushing himself contributed notable articles and monographs toward this objective. By 1940, others had produced further works of permanent value. Since then, relatively few large publications have appeared, largely because journals are reluctant to accept very long articles, and monographs of this sort are unlikely to be profitable to publishers. The present monograph is therefore doubly welcome. It is based on 301 cases at the Mayo Clinic, a series hardly to be duplicated elsewhere. For the statistical portion of the book, this material is combined with carefully evaluated cases in the literature. It thus is an authoritative source of information on incidence, location, and frequency of histological types. This section by itself would make the book
Three quarters of deaths in developing world will be caused by heart and lung diseases by 2030
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Deaths from heart disease and lung disease in developing countries are set to rise considerably in the next 25 years as populations age and deaths from infectious diseases decline, says a report from the World Health Organization.

The Global Burden of Disease: 2004 Update says that the leading causes of death globally in 2030 are projected to be “ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease (stroke), chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, and lower respiratory infections (mainly pneumonia).”

Non-communicable conditions will account for 75% of all deaths by 2030, up from 60% in …
Antipsoriatic effect of fumaric acid derivatives
Authors: Peter J. Altmeyer, Ulrich Mattlies, Frank Pawlak, Klaus Hoffmann, Peter J. Frosch, Peter Ruppert, Sawko W. Wassilew, Thomas Horn, Hans W. Kreysel, Gerhard Lutz, Joachim Barth, Ilona Rietzschel, Rajendra K. Joshi
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1994)
OPTIMAL DURATION TO RESTART WARFARIN AFTER DISCONTINUATION OF THERAPY IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS THAT DEVELOPED GASTROINTESTINAL BLEEDING
Authors: Iani Patsias, Chetan Mittal, Mohammad Elbatta, Kiran Garikapati, Patrick Bradley, Gagandeep Cheema, Aishwarya Kuchipudi, Hassaan Raza Jafri, Zaid Alirhayim, Syed Hassan, Fatima Khalid, Waqas Qureshi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 1407: Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MEK4) is a key regulator of prostate cancer progression
Authors: Janet M. Pavese, Irene M. Ogden, Xiaoke Huang, Li Xu, Raymond C. Bergan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MEK4) is a dual-specificity kinase that has been implicated in cancer progression in multiple cancer types, including prostate cancer (PCa). MEK4 is upregulated in invasive PCa lesions in human tissue. We hypothesize that increased MEK4 promotes PCa invasion and metastasis. Our group has created PC3-M cells stably transfected with either constitutively-active or increased levels of wild-type MEK4. In a Matrigel Boyden chamber assay, constitutively-active or wild-type MEK4 was shown to increase PCa invasion. Cancer cell invasion requires the coupling of cell migration with increased production of proteases. We hypothesized that MEK4 promoted invasion via production of proteases, but not via cell migration. Using an uncoated boyden chamber, MEK4 was shown not to affect migration. Using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT/PCR), we went on to demonstrate that MEK4 increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 transcript expression, but did not affect MMP-10 expression. In addition to these studies, we have also looked at the effect of increased or constitutively-active MEK4 on an orthotopic mouse model of PCa. In this model, PCa cells are injected into the prostates of nude mice and tumor size, circulating tumor cells, and lung metastasis are quantified. Preliminary data shows that constitutively-active MEK4 causes an increase in primary tumor size as well as an increase in circulating tumor cells in both the blood and the bone marrow. In summary, we demonstrated that chronic high expression of MEK4 increases human PCa invasion, that this is not due to increased migration, but is associated with increases in MMP-2 and MMP-9. Further, constitutively-active MEK4 appears to have different biological effects than high levels of wild type MEK4 in vivo. Ongoing studies are evaluating the effect of wild type MEK4 and of constitutively-active MEK4 on the formation of distant soft tissue metastasis in the above murine model. In related studies we are seeking to identify downstream proteins critical for MEK4's effects on cell invasion and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We are also seeking to examine the effects of sustained MEK4 knockdown on PCa invasion and metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1407. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1407
PD5-1-4: Differences in pattern of practice in radiation therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer between physicians from the United States and Other Countries
Authors: Feng-Ming Kong, Brady West, Hak Choy, Laurie Gaspar, Ritsuko Komaki, Alexenda Sun, James Bonner, Lujun Zhao, Howard Sandler, Benjamin Movsas
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Topical terbinafine and clotrimazole in interdigital tinea pedis: A multicenter comparison of cure and relapse rates with 1- and 4-week treatment regimens
Authors: Paul R. Bergstresser, Boni Elewski, Jon Hanifin, Jack Lesher, Ronald Savin, Jerome Shupack, Matthew Stiller, Eduardo Tschen, Nardo Zaias, Jay E. Birnbaum
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1993)
Mortality in an Insured Population With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Jerzy Gajewski
Journal: JAMA (1981)

In a cooperative study of 3,099 life insurance applicants with atrial fibrillation (AF), 71 deaths over an average duration of 3.3 years were observed and compared with deaths expected and derived from standard insurance mortality tables. A normal mortality was observed in cases of paroxysmal AF with no other identified cardiovascular impairment. Paroxysmal AF with associated mitral stenosis or coronary disease was found to have a significantly increased mortality. Chronic AF with or without other impairments entails a much higher risk than paroxysmal AF, those cases associated with mitral stenosis showing very high excess mortality.
Impairment of Extrarenal Potassium Disposal by α-Adrenergic Stimulation
Authors: Mark E. Williams, Robert M. Rosa, Patricio Silva, Robert S. Brown, Franklin H. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Since β-adrenergic stimulation enhances extrarenal potassium uptake, we postulated an opposite effect of the α-adrenergic nervous system. Seven healthy subjects were given intravenous potassium chloride (0.5 mmol per kilogram of body weight), in the presence and absence of the α-agonist phenylephrine. After potassium chloride alone, the potassium level rose to 0.64±0.03 mmol (mean ±S.E.M.); phenylephrine augmented the rise (0.93±0.09 mmol, P<0.025) and prolonged it, without changing urinary potassium excretion. Subsequent administration of potassium and phenylephrine together with the α-antagonist phentolamine blocked the rise in the potassium level due to phenylephrine and shortened the duration of elevation, again without affecting urinary potassium excretion. No changes in plasma renin and aldosterone levels or in serum insulin concentrations occurred, to account for these findings. Stimulation of α-adrenergic receptors impairs extrarenal disposal of an acute potassium load — the opposite effect of β-adrenergic stimulation. The α-adrenergic effect may act to preserve a normal serum potassium level or may contribute to hyperkalemia under certain circumstances, such as vigorous exercise. (N Engl J Med 1984; 311:145–9.)
Safe Use of Latex Rubber
Authors: Timothy J. Sullivan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 August 1995Safe Use of Latex RubberTimothy J. Sullivan and Barbara E. MageraTimothy J. SullivanSearch for more papers by this author and Barbara E. MageraSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-3-199508010-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Drs. Sussman and Beezhold [1] reviewed the increasing problems associated with natural rubber latex allergy and the roles played by latex gloves but did not address the option of simply shifting from natural rubber latex gloves to medically and economically acceptable nonlatex gloves.Although extensive precautions are now available to patients known to be allergic to latex [1], a significant number of health care workers and persons in the general population have an unrecognized latex allergy [1].Some powder-free latex gloves are designated “hypoallergenic,” implying that the risk for anaphylaxis or other serious allergic reactions may be ...References1. Sussman G, Beezhold DH. Allergy to latex rubber. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:43-6. Google Scholar2. Tarlo SM, Sussman G, Contala A, Swanson MC. Control of airborne latex by use of powder-free latex gloves. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1993; 93:985-9. Google Scholar3. Swanson MC, Bubak ME, Hunt LW, Yunginger JW, Warner MA, Reed CE. Quantification of occupational latex aeroallergens in a medical center. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1994; 93:445-51. Google Scholar4. Yunginger JW, Jones RT, Fransway AF, Kelso JM, Warner MA, Hunt LW. Extractable latex allergens and proteins in disposable medical gloves and other rubber products. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1994; 93:836-42. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Timothy J. Sullivan; Barbara E. MageraAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPREVALENCE OF OCCUPATIONALLY RELATED HAND DERMATITIS IN DENTAL WORKERSL'allergie au latex : symptômes et indications thérapeutiques 1 August 1995Volume 123, Issue 3Page: 234-235KeywordsAllergy and immunologyAntigensHealth care providersLatexPatientsRadioallergosorbent testSafetySkin testsStarchesUrticaria ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Endoscopic features of primary amyloidosis of the stomach
Authors: T. Sawada, Y. Adachi, K. Akino, Y. Arimura, T. Ishida, Y. Ishii, T. Endo
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

A 72-year-old-woman, with a history of resection of tracheal (AL) amyloidosis at age 61 and biopsy-based diagnosis of gastric amyloidosis at age 68, was admitted to our hospital. No amyloid deposits had been detected in any other organ and multiple myeloma had been excluded. Gastroscopy showed several findings, including ulcerative lesions mimicking advanced cancer, submucosal tumor-like lesions, intramural hematomas, small ulcers, and flat elevated lesions ([Fig. 1]). With narrow-band imaging (NBI) enhancement, the mucosa surrounding the ulcer appeared grayish-green in color ([Fig. 2]). Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed hypoechoic thickening of the mucosa and submucosa, with the loss of the normal sonographic layers ([Fig. 3]). Histological examination with Congo red staining revealed amorphous eosinophilic infiltrates, which also showed positive immunostaining for both kappa and lambda light chains, but not amyloid A, validating the diagnosis of gastric primary (AL) amyloidosis. Endoscopic examination and biopsy samples ruled out lesions in other gastrointestinal locations. However, there was massive bleeding on biopsy of the ulcerative lesion and blood transfusion was required.
Metabolic effects of the nocturnal rise in cortisol on carbohydrate metabolism in normal humans.
Authors: S Dinneen, A Alzaid, J Miles, R Rizza
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Glucocorticoid concentrations vary throughout the day. To determine whether an increase in cortisol similar to that present during sleep is of physiologic significance in humans, we studied the disposition of a mixed meal when the nocturnal rise in cortisol was mimicked or prevented using metyrapone plus either a variable or constant hydrocortisone infusion. When glucose concentrations were matched with a glucose infusion, hepatic glucose release (2.6 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.4 nmol/kg per 6 h) was higher (P < 0.05) while glucose disappearance (5.9 +/- 0.3 vs. 7.3 +/- 0.9 mmol/kg per 6 h) and forearm arteriovenous glucose difference (64 +/- 24 vs. 231 +/- 62 mmol/dl per 6 h) were lower (P < 0.05) during the variable than basal infusion. The greater hepatic response during the variable cortisol infusion was mediated (at least in part) by inhibition of insulin and stimulation of glucagon secretion as reflected by lower (P < 0.05) C-peptide (0.29 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.38 +/- 0.04 mmol/liter per 6 h) and higher (P < 0.05) glucagon (42.7 +/- 2.0 vs. 39.3 +/- 1.8 ng/ml per 6 h) concentrations. In contrast, the decreased rates of glucose uptake appeared to result from a state of "physiologic" insulin resistance. The variable cortisol infusion also increased (P < 0.05) postprandial palmitate appearance as well as palmitate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and alanine concentrations, suggesting stimulation of lipolysis, ketogenesis, and proteolysis. We conclude that the circadian variation in cortisol concentration is of physiologic significance in normal humans.
DOUBLE UTERUS AND VAGINA.
Authors: L. H. DUNNING
Journal: JAMA (1889)

In a previous paper the writer presented a summary of facts and conclusions arrived at after studying the histories of 97 cases of malformation of the uterus and vagina due to defective development of the ducts of Müller. He has since collected and tabulated the histories of 224 more cases, all obtained from what he believes to be reliable sources. These, together with the 97 reported in the former article, comprise all the cases, except a very few not at the time obtainable, to be found in the library of the Surgeon- General's office at Washington, and the writer thinks will furnish us data for arriving at correct conclusions. The tables were originally designed for publication, but are found too voluminous; but as they contain many points of interest to the general practitioner, and some of them are at variance with statements made by writers of acknowledged authority, the writer
Contact hypersensitivity to topical corticosteroids
Authors: A.D. BURDEN, M.H. BECK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Topical corticosteroids are increasingly recognized as relatively common contact sensitizers. Between July 1988 and December 1991 2687 patients undergoing routine patch testing were also tested with tixocortol pivalate (TP). Over the same time period 528 patients were selected for testing with a series of 18 steroids. One-hundred and thirty-one cases (4.9%) of corticosteroid hypersensitivity were detected and 119 (90.8%) of these cases were positive to TP. Thirty-seven patients reacted to one or more steroids in the steroid series, the most frequent sensitizers being hydrocortisone, budesonide (3.6%) and hydrocortisone 17-butyrate (2.5%). Of these 37 cases, 20 (54%) reacted to more than one steroid simultaneously, but the patterns of cross-reaction were not consistent with previously suggested groupings. Screening for steroid allergy should be performed as part of standard patch testing. The value of TP as a marker of corticosteroid hypersensitivity is reinforced by this study, but no satisfactory marker was found for the 9.2% of cases not detected by TP. There remains a need for further markers of corticosteroid hypersensitivity. A prevalence of 4.9% of corticosteroid allergy amongst our patients suggests that the frequency of this finding is generally underestimated.
Rapidly Recurring Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: LEONARD S. GETTES, KARL F. YOSHONIS
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Reciprocating tachycardias were diagnosed on the basis of previously established ECG criteria in seven patients with recurrent tachycardia but without WPW. In each patient we could record the onset of arrhythmia because tachycardia recurred within minutes of its termination. Treatment with propranolol alone or with digitalis, or digitalis and quinidine, prevented tachycardia in five patients and slowed it in one. Our cases suggest the following: (1) Recurrent supraventricular tachycardia in patients without the WPW syndrome may frequently be caused by a reciprocal mechanism. (2) The diagnosis of reciprocating tachycardia should be suspected when (a) the tachycardia recurs within minutes of its termination, (b) the onset follows prolongation of the P-R or R-P interval, (c) the P wave during the tachycardia is superiorly directed and different from the P wave which initiates the tachycardia, and (d) at least one other criterion for the diagnosis is met. (3) Propranolol is the drug of choice for the treatment of recurrent supraventricular tachycardias which satisfy the criteria for reciprocating tachycardia.
Chylomicrons alter the hepatic distribution and cellular response to endotoxin in rats
Authors: Hobart W. Harris, Don C. Rockey, Phuonglan Chau
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Chylomicrons (CM) can bind endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]), forming CM-LPS complexes, and protect against endotoxic shock and death in rodent models of gram-negative sepsis. The liver appears to play a central role in this process, as demonstrated by the increased uptake of LPS by this organ. We examined the effect of CM on the uptake and cellular response to injected 125I-LPS by hepatocytes and hepatic nonparenchymal cells. Whereas CM increased the uptake of LPS by both hepatocytes and Kupffer cells, the increase was proportionately greater in hepatocytes than Kupffer cells. Importantly, CM-LPS complexes inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression and NO production in Kupffer cells and endothelial cells, reducing mRNA levels by 45% to 50% as compared with LPS alone. CM-bound LPS also reduced NO production by hepatocytes in response to cytokine stimulation. Lastly, CM-LPS complexes yielded a concentration-dependent inhibition of LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production by Kupffer cells in vitro. These data indicate that the mechanism by which CM protect against endotoxicity may involve an increased uptake of LPS by hepatocytes. Moreover, uptake of CM-bound LPS by liver cells attenuates the capacity of these cells to respond to proinflammatory stimulation. These results highlight important anti-inflammatory properties of CM.
Occupational Health: Recognizing and Preventing Work-Related Disease
Authors: Steven D. Helgerson
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The editors intended this book for medical students and "designed it to be useful to practicing physicians and students or practitioners in other health disciplines." It will be useful as a text for an introductory course about occupational health for medical or other students in the health sciences. Practicing physicians or practitioners in other health disciplines will probably not find it a useful reference. The book has some strengths but an important weakness. One strength is the breadth of coverage. There are chapters about recognizing, screening, and preventing occupational disease; the methods of epidemiology and the tools of industrial hygiene; hazardous work-place exposures such as carcinogens, ionizing radiation, noise, psychological stress, and physical hazards; and diseases affecting specific organ systems. In addition, well-written chapters about "special problems" faced by women workers, minority workers, and workers with nonoccupational medical problems provide perspective for important contemporary issues. One appendix discusses training and
A Pilot Study of 2′,3′–Dideoxyinosine for the Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Michael W. Fried, Julia C. Korenman, Adrian M. Di Bisceglie, Yoon Park, Jeanne G. Waggoner, Hiroaki Mitsuya, Neil R. Hartman, Robert Yarchoan, Samuel Broder, Jay H. Hoofnagle
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

The nucleoside analog 2',3'-dideoxyinosine, currently being used to treat patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, has been shown to inhibit viral replication in certain cell culture systems of hepatitis B virus and the duck model of chronic hepatitis B infection. We studied the effect of dideoxyinosine on viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B. In the initial dose-finding phase, patients received sequential 2-wk courses of dideoxyinosine in escalating doses of 3, 6 and 9 mg/kg/day. In the second, long-term treatment phase, patients received dideoxyinosine at a dose of 9 mg/kg/day for 12 wk. Dideoxyinosine was given orally in three divided doses. The effects of dideoxyinosine on hepatitis B were assessed by serial measurements of ALT, hepatitis B virus DNA and DNA polymerase activity in serum. Six patients completed the dose-finding phase, and five patients continued into the long-term treatment phase. No significant differences were seen in serum aminotransferases, hepatitis B virus DNA levels or DNA polymerase activity at any time during treatment when compared with pretreatment levels. All patients remained positive for HBeAg during treatment and during 6 mo of follow-up. Thus at the doses tested, dideoxyinosine had no appreciable effect on viral replication in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
Red Crescent might have to withdraw from Syria because of detentions
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The Syrian Arab Red Crescent, the leading humanitarian agency working in Syria, has warned that it may be forced to close down because the authorities have detained several volunteers.

Mohammed Raed al-Taweel, the head of first aid in Damascus, was detained at a Red Crescent branch office in the capital on 8 November. The Red Crescent has not been able to contact him since and has not formally been told why he was detained.

“Unofficially we have been told that it is because he was helping people from the Syrian Free Army—giving them medicines, …
Parallel FISH and Immunohistochemical Studies of ALK Status in 3244 Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancers Reveal Major Discordances
Authors: Florian Cabillic, Audrey Gros, Frédéric Dugay, Hugues Begueret, Laura Mesturoux, Dan Cristian Chiforeanu, Leila Dufrenot, Vincent Jauffret, Dominique Dachary, Romain Corre, Alexandra Lespagnol, Gwendoline Soler, Julien Dagher, Véronique Catros, Michèle Le Calve, Jean-Philippe Merlio, Marc-Antoine Belaud-Rotureau
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)
A European collaborative study of treatment outcomes in 346 patients with cardiac stage III AL amyloidosis
Authors: Ashutosh D. Wechalekar, Stefan O. Schonland, Efstathios Kastritis, Julian D. Gillmore, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Thirusha Lane, Andrea Foli, Darren Foard, Paolo Milani, Lisa Rannigan, Ute Hegenbart, Philip N. Hawkins, Giampaolo Merlini, Giovanni Palladini
Journal: Blood (2013)
Health assembly resolves to support final stages of polio eradication
Authors: Christiane Rehwagen
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Nigeria, India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan—countries where polio is still endemic—need to intensify their immunisation campaigns to prevent transmission of the virus, delegates at the World Health Assembly in Geneva resolved last week.

The move is one of the final steps towards eradicating polio completely worldwide. The number of countries with poliovirus transmission is at an all time low of four, and outbreaks in reinfected countries have been stopped or slowed down. But although good progress had been made in the past year towards eradication of …