tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fibrin Sealant in Endoscopic Gynecological Surgery
Authors: J. F. H. Gauwerky
Journal: Endoscopy (1995)

Fibrin sealing has become an accepted tool in many fields of surgery. In many areas fibrin sealing has superseded conventional surgical techniques, increased postoperative safety, and even made possible new therapeutic approaches. In the light of endoscopic surgery fibrin glue has a certain place in the therapy of interstitial fistulas, ulcera, and bleedings. I am sure that fibrin glue in operative gynecological endoscopy will also be of increasing interest for the following indications: for wound closure, as a substitute for conventional sutures; to achieve hemostasis and control bleeding; and for prophylaxis of adhesions. In the present paper I report our experience with fibrin glue in endoscopic myomectomy, tubal anastomosis, and the endoscopic construction of neovagina.
James Leo Gibbons
Authors: Timothy Gibbons
Journal: BMJ (2015)

James Leo Gibbons was born in Felling, Newcastle upon Tyne, the only child of John Gibbons and Cissy, nee McShane, both schoolteachers. After attending the Felling Catholic school of which his father was the headmaster, Gibbons was educated at Ushaw College, a boarding school preparing boys for entry to the seminary, where he received an excellent classical education.

After a house officer appointment at the Leazes Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Gibbons did his national service (1949-50) in the medical branch of the Royal Air Force. He then started his career in psychiatry as house officer in the psychiatric unit at Newcastle General Hospital (1950-51) and senior house officer in the Department of Psychological Medicine, Royal Victoria Infirmary (1951-52). A year as research assistant in neurology at King’s College Medical School, University of Durham, with Henry Miller resulted in papers on encephalitis, including a definitive review of the neurology of the childhood fevers, 80 pages long, with 419 references.

In 1953 Gibbons moved to the Department of Medicine (1953-54) at Hammersmith Hospital, …
THE FRAUDULENT USE OF DIGITALIS TO SIMULATE HEART DISEASE
Authors: O. F. Hedley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 February 1943THE FRAUDULENT USE OF DIGITALIS TO SIMULATE HEART DISEASEO. F. HEDLEY, M.D., F.A.C.P.O. F. HEDLEY, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-18-2-154 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the summer of 1937, nationwide attention was attracted by reports in professional publications and in the lay press of an extensive criminal racket based on attempts to obtain payments on disability insurance by feigning heart disease. The writer was detailed as medical advisor to the U. S. District Attorney in New York City, and in that capacity obtained information upon which this report is based.1The malefactions here described came under the jurisdiction of the Federal Government because they involved the use of the United States mail to defraud. Official inquiries were first conducted by postal inspectors. When sufficient...Reference1. HEDLEY OF: A heart disease racket (preliminary report on an alleged extensive insurance fraud), Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1937, cix, 1B-3B (Organization Section). Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: U. S. Public Health Service † Bethesda, Maryland*Read at the St. Paul Meeting of the American College of Physicians April 21, 1942. Received for publication May 4, 1942.†Division of Industrial Hygiene, National Institute of Health. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMisuse of digitalis to mimic heart diseaseADHESIONSUNSUSPECTED DIGITALIS ABUSEDigitalis as an Indicant of Ventricular DiseaseTherapie der HerzinsuffizienzThe Response to AcetylstrophanthidinCurrent Concepts in Digitalis TherapyThe effect of digitoxin on the V leadsDigitalis BigeminySTORY OF A LECTURESHIPDIGITALIS AND THE RACKETEERS 1 February 1943Volume 18, Issue 2Page: 154-163KeywordsCardiovascular therapyDisabilitiesPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Role of low cost pulmonary rehabilitation programme in COPD in rural area of India
Authors: Shiv Sagar Gupta, Kartik Sood
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the 4th leading cause of death in the world (WHO 2000). COPD patients appear to benefit from Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) & maintenance of physical activity, improving their exercise tolerance, experiencing decreased dyspnoea & fatigue (Berry MJ et al. AJRCCM 1999; 160:1248-53). PR is done with exercise equipment, supporting staff & follow up. In resource poor areas this is not possible. We evaluated the effect of home based PR programme in COPD patients in rural areas of India. Methods: COPD patients in stable state who were ready to follow up for 12 weeks at 2 weeks interval were included, 40 patients who completed the PR formed the study group while 20 patients who were not included in PR formed control group. The Airways questionnaire-20 score (AQ-20) and the 6 minute walk distance (6-MWD) were analysed in both groups, who continued on a similar drug management. Objectives: To study the effect of a low cost and home based PR program & to compare the improvement in outcome with non PR group. Results: The mean 6-MWD showed an average increase of 75.72 meters in the study group, while an average decrease of 2.1 meters in control group. Mean value of study group was higher for 6-MWD results and difference between the two groups was statistically significant (p
Analysis of circulating biomarkers of sunitinib malate in patients with unresectable neuroendocrine tumors (NET): VEGF, IL-8, and soluble VEGF receptors 2 and 3
Authors: C. Bello, S. E. Deprimo, C. Friece, J. Smeraglia, L. Sherman, L. Tye, C. Baum, N. J. Meropol, H. Lenz, M. H. Kulke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4045 Background: Sunitinib malate (SU11248) is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antitumor and antiangiogenic activity that specifically inhibits VEGFR, PDGFR, KIT, RET, and FLT3. In a phase II trial of 109 patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NET), sunitinib treatment was associated with ORR and high rates of SD in patients with carcinoid and pancreatic islet cell tumors (Kulke et al, ASCO 2005). To characterize potential biomarkers of biological response to sunitinib, we analyzed plasma levels of a panel of soluble proteins from patients in this trial. Methods: Patients received sunitinib in 6-week cycles comprised of 50 mg/day for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks off treatment. Pre-dose plasma samples from 106 patients were obtained on days 1 and 28 of multiple cycles. Plasma levels of VEGF, soluble VEGF receptor 2 (sVEGFR-2), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and a novel biomarker, sVEGFR-3, were measured via ELISA analysis. Results: Plasma levels of each protein were frequently modulated during the course of treatment. At the end of cycle 1, VEGF levels were increased more than 3-fold over baseline in ∼50% of all patients. Average baseline VEGF levels were higher in the islet cell group (62 vs. 40 pg/ml, P = 0.06). In cycle 1, sVEGFR-2 and sVEGFR-3 levels were significantly decreased by ≥30% in ∼60% and 70% of all patients, respectively (P &lt; 0.0001). Levels tended to return to near-baseline after 2 weeks off treatment. The reduction in sVEGFR-3 levels in cycle 1 was, on average, greater in the subset of patients with PR (n=11) compared to others (45% vs. 38%). Overall, there was a 2.2-fold average increase in IL-8 levels by the end of cycle 1, and a larger proportional increase in IL-8 levels in patients exhibiting decreases in tumor size, patients who also tended to have lower baseline IL-8 levels. Further analysis of correlations with pharmacokinetic and clinical parameters is ongoing. Conclusions: Our results suggest that this panel of circulating proteins may be of utility as pharmacodynamic biomarkers of sunitinib activity in patients with advanced NET. sVEGFR-3 may be a novel biomarker of the biological activity of sunitinib in NET, and IL-8 may be of particular interest as a potential predictor of response. [Table: see text]
Abstract 16046: Rapid Pacing Stimulates Na/K ATPase in Rat Ventricular Myocytes via a Nitric Oxide and Phospholemman-dependent Mechanism
Authors: Davor Pavlovic, Andrew R Hall, William Fuller, Michael J Shattock
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent signaling molecule that has diverse effects throughout the cardiovascular system. NO has been reported to both inhibit and stimulate the Na/K ATPase. The effects of NO...
Environmentally Driven Increases in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity in Pima Indians and Non-Pimas in Mexico Over a 15-Year Period: The Maycoba Project
Authors: Julian Esparza-Romero, Mauro E. Valencia, Rene Urquidez-Romero, Lisa S. Chaudhari, Robert L. Hanson, William C. Knowler, Eric Ravussin, Peter H. Bennett, Leslie O. Schulz
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE The global epidemics of type 2 diabetes and obesity have been attributed to the interaction between lifestyle changes and genetic predisposition to these diseases. We compared the prevalences of type 2 diabetes and obesity in Mexican Pima Indians, presumed to have a high genetic predisposition to these diseases, to those in their non-Pima neighbors, both of whom over a 15-year period experienced a transition from a traditional to a more modern lifestyle. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and obesity in Mexican Pimas (n = 359) and non-Pima Mexicans (n = 251) were determined in 2010 using methods identical to those used in 1995. RESULTS During this 15-year period, age-adjusted diabetes prevalence was unchanged in Pima men (5.8% in 1995 vs. 6.1% in 2010) yet increased in non-Pima men from 0.0 to 8.6% (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Diabetes prevalence tended to increase in both Pima women (9.4 vs. 13.4%) and non-Pima women (4.8 vs. 9.5%). Age-adjusted prevalence of obesity increased significantly in all groups (6.6 vs. 15.7% in Pima men; 8.5 vs. 20.5% in non-Pima men; 18.9. vs 36.3% in Pima women; 29.5 vs. 42.9% in non-Pima women). CONCLUSIONS Type 2 diabetes prevalence increased between 1995 and 2010 in non-Pima men, and to a lesser degree in women of both groups, but it did not increase in Pima men. Prevalence of obesity increased among Pimas and non-Pimas of both sexes. These changes occurred concomitantly with an environmental transition from a traditional to a more modernized lifestyle.
Environmental tobacco smoke: exposure assessment in the workplace
Authors: J Samet
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

The Johns Hopkins University School of Hygiene and Public convened a multidisciplinary workshop 12-13 September 1997 to assess current understanding of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in the workplace. Invited participants represented areas of expertise in building systems, measurement of ETS, biomarkers of ETS exposure, time-activity patterns, and exposure models. Workshop participants were asked to conduct reviews in their specific areas of expertise relevant to the following general charge: to address key issues related to ETS exposure in the workplace to prepare the groundwork for risk assessment of the hazard that ETS poses to workers. Discussions focused on the extent of the data available on exposures of workers to ETS and approaches used to estimate exposures to ETS in the workplace. The monograph based on this workshop includes individual contributions that provide in-depth coverage of the specific areas and a summary of the discussion that describes an approach to estimating exposures of the nation's workers to ETS as well as research recommendations.
Primary care commissioners need five year budgets to transform care, says report
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

There is growing interest in the fundamental roles that B cells may play in regulating immune responses. Emerging animal studies point to an important contribution of B cell effector cytokines to immune modulation, yet little is known about the factors regulating such cytokine production. We report that the profile of human B cell cytokine production is context dependent, being critically influenced by the balance of signals through the B cell receptor and CD40. B cells appropriately stimulated by sequential B cell receptor and CD40 stimulation proliferate and secrete TNF-α, lymphotoxin, and IL-6, which can act not only as autocrine growth and differentiation factors, but also serve to amplify the ongoing immune response. In contrast, CD40 stimulation alone, a mimic of a B cell receiving bystander T cell help in the absence of specific Ag recognition, induces negligible proinflammatory cytokines, but significant production of IL-10 that serves to suppress inappropriate immune responses. We thus describe a novel paradigm of reciprocal regulation of B cell effector cytokines, and ascribe active roles for human B cells in either promoting or suppressing local immune responses through context-dependent cytokine production.
Prevention of high dose melphalan-induced mucositis by cryotherapy in transplanted patients
Authors: A. Tartarone, G. Romano, A. M. Bochicchio, A. Capobianco, M. Coccaro, G. Iodice, P. Di Leo, R. Matera, N. Di Renzo, G. Lelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

8174 Background: Oral mucositis is a severe problem for patients (pts) undergoing high dose chemotherapy (HDC) followed by peripheral blood progenitor cells transplantation. Once mucositis has occurred, treatment consists of measures to palliate symptoms. Multiple agents have been used prophylactically to reduce this toxicity with discordant results. Oral cryotherapy, through vasoconstriction, can decrease the mucosal damage induced by agents with short half-lives, such as melphalan (L-PAM). Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of local cryotherapy on oral mucositis in pts treated with high-dose (HD) L-PAM Methods: From December 2001, 23 pts (5 with multiple myeloma, 9 with non Hodgkin's Lymphoma, 7 with breast cancer, 1 with ovarian cancer) underwent HDC including L-PAM; in particular, 5 pts received HD L-PAM (140–160 mg/m2) alone and 17 pts a L-PAM including conditioning regimen. All these pts were asked to suck on ice chips for 30 minutes, starting 5 minutes prior to the L-PAM infusion. These pts received also antimycotic and antibiotical prophylaxis with fluconazole 200 mg/d and ciprofloxacin 500 mgx2/d, respectively. Results: We observed oral mucositis (NCI-CTC) G0 2/22 pts (9%), G1 12/22 pts (55%), G2 3/22 pts (13%), G3 5/22 (23%) pts. Conclusions: In our experience, the incidence of severe mucositis was significantly lower respect to historical data; so, the prophylaxis with cryotherapy should be considered in pts receiving high dose L-PAM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Tumor‐infiltrating, interleukin‐33–producing effector‐memory CD8+ T cells in resected hepatocellular carcinoma prolong patient survival
Authors: Stefan M. Brunner, Christoph Rubner, Rebecca Kesselring, Maria Martin, Eva Griesshammer, Petra Ruemmele, Thomas Stempfl, Andreas Teufel, Hans J. Schlitt, Stefan Fichtner‐Feigl
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Interleukin‐33 (IL‐33), a cytokine with pleiotropic functions, is elevated in serum of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated the effects of local IL‐33 expression in resected HCC on patient survival and on the immunological and molecular tumor microenvironment. Tissue of resected HCCs was stained for hematoxylin and eosin, Masson trichrome, alpha‐smooth muscle actin, IL‐33, CD8, and IL‐13 and analyzed by flow cytometry. Besides histomorphologic evaluation, the immunohistochemical stainings were analyzed for the respective cell numbers separately for tumor area, infiltrative margin, and distant liver stroma. These findings were correlated with clinical data and patient outcome. Further, gene expression of different HCC risk groups was compared using microarrays. In multivariable analysis, infiltration of HCCs by IL‐33 + cells ( P = 0.032) and CD8 + cells ( P = 0.014) independently was associated with prolonged patient survival. Flow cytometry demonstrated that cytotoxically active subpopulations of CD8 + cells, in particular CD8 + CD62L – KLRG1 + CD107a + effector‐memory cells, are the main producers of IL‐33 in these HCC patients. Using infiltration by IL‐33 + and CD8 + cells as two separate factors, an HCC immune score was designed and evaluated that stratified patient survival ( P = 0.0004). This HCC immune score identified high‐ and low‐risk patients who differ in gene expression profiles ( P &lt; 0.001). Conclusion : Infiltration of HCCs by IL‐33 + and CD8 + cells is independently associated with prolonged patient survival. We suggest that this is due to an induction of highly effective, cytotoxically active CD8 + CD62L – KLRG1 + CD107a + effector‐memory cells producing IL‐33. Based on these two independent factors, we established an HCC immune score that provides risk stratification for HCC patients and can be used in the clinical setting. (H epatology 2015;61:1957‐1967)
Prospective and clinical validation of ALK immunohistochemistry: results from the phase I/II study of alectinib for ALK-positive lung cancer (AF-001JP study)
Authors: K. Takeuchi, Y. Togashi, Y. Kamihara, T. Fukuyama, H. Yoshioka, A. Inoue, H. Katsuki, K. Kiura, K. Nakagawa, T. Seto, M. Maemondo, T. Hida, M. Harada, Y. Ohe, N. Nogami, N. Yamamoto, M. Nishio, T. Tamura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions need to be accurately and efficiently detected for ALK inhibitor therapy. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) remains the reference test. Although increasing data are supporting that ALK immunohistochemistry (IHC) is highly concordant with FISH, IHC screening needed to be clinically and prospectively validated.In the AF-001JP trial for alectinib, 436 patients were screened for ALK fusions through IHC (n = 384) confirmed with FISH (n = 181), multiplex RT-PCR (n = 68), or both (n = 16). IHC results were scored with iScore.ALK fusion was positive in 137 patients and negative in 250 patients. Since the presence of cancer cells in the samples for RT-PCR was not confirmed, ALK fusion negativity could not be ascertained in 49 patients. IHC interpreted with iScore showed a 99.4% (173/174) concordance with FISH. All 41 patients who had iScore 3 and were enrolled in phase II showed at least 30% tumor reduction with 92.7% overall response rate. Two IHC-positive patients with an atypical FISH pattern responded to ALK inhibitor therapy. The reduction rate was not correlated with IHC staining intensity.Our study showed (i) that when sufficiently sensitive and appropriately interpreted, IHC can be a stand-alone diagnostic for ALK inhibitor therapies; (ii) that when atypical FISH patterns are accompanied by IHC positivity, the patients should be considered as candidates for ALK inhibitor therapies, and (iii) that the expression level of ALK fusion is not related to the level of response to ALK inhibitors and is thus not required for patient selection.JapicCTI-101264 (This study is registered with the Japan Pharmaceutical Information Center).
Seasonal affective disorder in children and adolescents
Authors: N E Rosenthal, C J Carpenter, S P James, B L Parry, S L Rogers, T A Wehr
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors studied seven children with symptoms of seasonal affective disorder. During the winter months the children regularly experienced irritability, fatigue, school difficulties, sadness, and sleep changes as well as other symptoms of seasonal affective disorder found in adults. An open trial of bright environmental light reversed many of these symptoms and improved mood and psychosocial functioning in the winter months. School counselors and therapists should consider seasonal affective disorder in the differential diagnosis of children with school difficulties that are most prominent in the fall-winter semester.
Mitral valve disease—morphology and mechanisms
Authors: Robert A. Levine, Albert A. Hagége, Daniel P. Judge, Muralidhar Padala, Jacob P. Dal-Bianco, Elena Aikawa, Jonathan Beaudoin, Joyce Bischoff, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Patrick Bruneval, Jonathan T. Butcher, Alain Carpentier, Miguel Chaput, Adrian H. Chester, Catherine Clusel, Francesca N. Delling, Harry C. Dietz, Christian Dina, Ronen Durst, Leticia Fernandez-Friera, Mark D. Handschumacher, Morten O. Jensen, Xavier P. Jeunemaitre, Hervé Le Marec, Thierry Le Tourneau, Roger R. Markwald, Jean Mérot, Emmanuel Messas, David P. Milan, Tui Neri, Russell A. Norris, David Peal, Maelle Perrocheau, Vincent Probst, Michael Pucéat, Nadia Rosenthal, Jorge Solis, Jean-Jacques Schott, Ehud Schwammenthal, Susan A. Slaugenhaupt, Jae-Kwan Song, Magdi H. Yacoub
Journal: Nature Reviews Cardiology (2015)
The psychotic spectrum: a community‐based study
Authors: ALESSANDRA BENEDETTI, STEFANO PINI, GIOVANNI DE GIROLAMO, CARMEN BERROCAL, ANTONIO TUNDO, PIERLUIGI MOROSINI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA CASSANO
Journal: World Psychiatry (2009)

Over the last years, there has been an increasing awareness and knowledge about bipolar spectrum disorders. However, descriptive data on bipolar I disorder with psychotic features (BPI-p) in comparison with schizophrenia (SCH) and schizoaffective disorder (SA) in mental health community services are scanty in the literature. We conducted a study with the aim of assessing the prevalence, clinical characteristics and levels of functioning of SCH, SA and BPI-p in a random sample of patients with psychotic symptoms recruited in nine departments of mental health. Patients with a psychotic disorder according to their treating clinicians were assessed using the SCID and a series of questionnaires to evaluate their psychopathology and level of functioning. Patients who received a DSM-IV diagnosis of SA (N=55), SCH (N=82), or BPI-p (N=60) represented the final sample. The three diagnostic groups showed similar demographic characteristics. Independently from the diagnosis, all patients had a long duration of illness and a persistent course. Uni-variate group comparisons showed that, as compared to SCH patients, BPI-p and SA patients did better in several measures of functioning and differed in frequency of psychotic symptoms. However, a multinomial logistic regression model in which only significantly different variables were entered showed similar levels of functioning in the three groups of patients. The three groups' scores did not significantly differ on instruments that assessed dimensionally psychotic and affective symptoms during the previous month.