tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Misclassification of Acceptable Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis Leading to Flawed Inferences and Recommendations Regarding Prevention Efforts—Reply
Authors: Scott R. Steele, Vlad V. Simianu, David R. Flum
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: an 11-year nationwide cohort study
Authors: Chao-Han Lai, Wu-Wei Lai, Meng-Jiun Chiou, Wei-Chieh Lin, Yu-Jen Yang, Chung-Yi Li, Liang-Miin Tsai
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have an increased risk of developing coronary atherosclerosis. However, the impact of RA and SLE on the outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains largely underdetermined. <h3>Methods</h3> Using the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, we identified 171 547 adult patients who underwent first-time PCI between 2000 and 2010. Among these patients, 525 had established RA, and 211 had SLE. The ORs of inhospital mortality and HRs of overall mortality and adverse cardiac outcomes after PCI (ie, ischaemic events, repeat revascularisation and major adverse cardiac events (MACE)) in relation to RA and SLE were estimated. <h3>Results</h3> After adjustment for potential confounders, including patient characteristics and procedural variables, RA (OR=1.73, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.68) and SLE (OR=3.81, 95% CI 2.02 to 7.16) were independent predictors of inhospital mortality. In addition, RA was independently associated with overall mortality (HR=1.55, 95% CI 1.35 to 1.79), ischaemic events (HR=1.18, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.39) and MACE (HR=1.20, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.34) during long-term follow-up, whereas SLE was independently associated with overall mortality (HR=2.20, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.78), repeat revascularisation (HR=1.27, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.58) and MACE (HR=1.47, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.75). Compared with patients without autoimmune diseases, patients with more recent SLE-related hospitalisations prior to PCI were at higher risk of inhospital mortality (p for trend &lt;0.0001). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study recognises the inherent risks associated with RA and SLE in patients undergoing PCI and highlights the necessity to improve the caring and secondary prevention strategies for these high-risk patients.
Long-Term Efficacy of Myoblast Transplantation on Regional Structure and Function After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Saïd Ghostine, Claire Carrion, Luiz César Guarita Souza, Pascal Richard, Patrick Bruneval, Jean-Thomas Vilquin, Bruno Pouzet, Ketty Schwartz, Philippe Menasché, Albert Alain Hagège
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Transplantation (Tx) of skeletal myoblasts (SM) within an infarcted myocardium improves global left ventricular (LV) function, although a direct systolic effect remains controversial.Global and regional LV functions were studied in a sheep model (n=16) of infarction before (baseline), and 4 (M4), and 12 (M12) months after in-scar injections of autologous SM or culture medium (CM). LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), ejection fraction (EF), wall motion score (WMS), and systolic myocardial velocity gradient (MVG) across the scar were measured by echocardiography with tissue Doppler imaging. Parameters were similar at baseline between groups. At M4, Tx of SM reduced the postinfarction increase in EDV (72+/-8 versus 105+/-13 mL in the CM group, P<0.05) and the decrease in EF (48+/-5 versus 33+/-3% in the CM group, P=0.006) although it improved WMS (5.4+/-1.2 versus 13+/-2.2 in the CM group, P<0.01) and SMVG (0.60+/-0.13 versus -0.04+/-.13 seconds(-1) in the CM group, P<0.05). Results were similar at M12. In-scar accumulation of myotubes and SM were detected in all Tx animals up to M12, with co-expression of fast and slow isoforms of the myosin heavy chain (MHC) (30% of the fibers versus 0% in the normal skeletal muscle) and decreased collagen density (30+/-2% versus 73+/-3%, P<0.0001).For up to 1 year, Tx of SM limits postinfarction EF deterioration and improves systolic scar function through colonization of fibrosis by skeletal muscle cells with expression of both MHC isoforms, which may confer to the graft the ability to withstand a cardiac-type workload.
A 22 year old woman with bilateral panuveitis and parotid swelling
Authors: James Lowe, Ben Whatley, Shahram Kashani, David Howlett
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A 22 year old white woman presented with a three month history of bilateral red eyes and severely reduced vision in her left eye. The vision loss had occurred a few weeks before presentation. She had recently seen her general practitioner because of weight loss and facial swelling, and had been experiencing night sweats and reduced exercise tolerance related to fatigue.

Before this presentation she had been well. She was a non-smoker and worked as a hairdresser. She had no pets, no recent travel history, and no other history of note. On examination she was thin and pale and her best corrected Snellen visual acuity was 6/5 on the right and 3/60 on the left. Slit lamp examination showed bilateral panuveitis (inflammation in anterior and posterior segment). Her parotid glands were bilaterally enlarged and two small volume cervical nodes were palpable on the right. A cardiac, respiratory, neurological, skin, and joint examination was unremarkable. A recording of her vital signs included: respiratory rate 16 breaths/min, peripheral capillary oxygen saturation 99% on air, and temperature 36.8°C.

The results of a full blood count, electrolytes, liver function tests, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C reactive protein, thyroid stimulating hormone, glucose, lipids, and bone profile were available from her GP and were all within normal ranges. A Paul Bunnell test was negative. Chest radiography was also performed (fig 1⇓).





### 1. What abnormality does the chest radiograph show?

#### Short answer

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy.

#### Discussion

The main abnormality in this plain film chest radiograph is symmetrical bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (fig 2⇓). Hyperinflation of the otherwise clear lung fields is also seen.



Fig 2 Chest radiograph showing bilateral …
Abstract 3151: Stiffness of Hypertrophied Cardiomyocytes Differs in Aortic Stenosis and Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Ines Falcao-Pires, Nazha Hamdani, Jolanda van der Velden, Ger J Stienen, Hans W Niessen, Cristina Gavina, Jorge Almeida, Paulo Pinho, Adelino F Leite-Moreira, Walter J Paulus
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Hypertrophied cardiomyocytes(CM) isolated from failing hypertensive hearts with preserved left ventricular(LV) ejection fraction(EF) have a higher resting tension(RT) at fixed sarcomere length than...
The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
Authors: Lynn E. Spitler, Alan S. Levin, Daniel P. Stites, H. Hugh Fudenberg, Bernard Pirofsky, Charles S. August, E. Richard Stiehm, Walter H. Hitzig, Richard A. Gatti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

12 patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome were treated with therapeutic doses of transfer factor in an attempt to induce cellular immunity. Clinical improvement was noted after transfer factor therapy in 7 of the 12 patients treated. Because this disease has a variable course and temporary spontaneous improvement can occur, the observed improvement cannot necessarily be attributed to the transfer factor. However, in two patients repeated remissions consistently followed transfer factor administration on repeated occasions. This included freedom from infections, regression of splenomegaly, and clearing of eczema. An unexpected finding was a decrease in bleeding in 3 of the 10 patients who had bleeding. Conversion of skin reactivity was obtained in all seven patients who clinically seemed to respond to transfer factor. In vitro studies performed after the administration of transfer factor demonstrated that the lymphocytes of the patients now produced migration inhibitory factor in response to appropriate test antigens, but did not undergo increased radioactive thymidine incorporation in response to the same antigens. A defect in the monocyte IgG receptors has been found in certain patients with the disease, and the current study shows that all patients with defective monocyte IgG receptors responded to transfer factor, whereas only one patient with normal receptors showed any response. This test may thus prove to be useful in predicting the results of transfer factor therapy in patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, although evaluation of a larger series of patients will be necessary to confirm this point. We conclude that cellular immunity can be induced, that there appears to be clinical benefit in certain patients with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome by the use of transfer factor, and that this mode of therapy warrents trial in these patients and others with defects of cellular immunity.
Treatment of Invasive Thymoma With Single-Agent Ifosfamide
Authors: M. S. Highley, C. R. Underhill, F. X. Parnis, C. Karapetis, E. Rankin, J. Dussek, B. Bryant, C. Rowland, N. Hodson, J. Hughes, P. G. Harper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

To evaluate single-agent ifosfamide in the treatment of invasive thymoma.Fifteen patients (eight male and seven female) with histologically confirmed invasive thymoma were treated. The median age was 48 years (range, 23 to 76 years). Four patients had stage III disease, seven patients had stage IVa disease, and four patients had stage IVb disease. The most common histologic type was lymphoepithelial. Seven patients had received prior treatment, including one patient who received chemotherapy. Ifosfamide 1.5 g/m(2) was given on days 1 to 5, with mesna as a uroprotector.Thirteen patients were assessable for response. Five complete responses (38.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 17.7% to 64.5%) and one partial response (7.7%; 95% CI, 1.4% to 33.3%) were seen. The median duration of complete response was 66+ months (range, 25 to 87 months), and the estimated survival rate 5 years after ifosfamide treatment was 57% (SE, 32% to 79%). The most frequent toxicities were nausea, vomiting, and leucopenia, but these were well tolerated.Single-agent ifosfamide possesses significant activity against invasive thymoma and is comparable to currently used combination regimens. The inclusion of ifosfamide in combination therapy, particularly in place of cyclophosphamide in regimens such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, needs to be evaluated.
Gut mycobiota and adenomas
Authors: Chunguang Luan, Huifang Miao, Baoli Zhu
Journal: Gut Microbes (2015)

Fungal microbiota (mycobiota) is potentially involved in the intestinal illness. The characterization of the mycobiota in patients with adenomas is essential for understanding the etiology of the pre-cancerous lesion since the mycobiota is potentially associated with the presents of adenomas. The recovery of the mycobiome may also help to identify the potential biomarkers which may closely relate to different stages of adenoma.
Small bites versus large bites for closure of abdominal midline incisions (STITCH): a double-blind, multicentre, randomised controlled trial
Authors: Eva B Deerenberg, Joris J Harlaar, Ewout W Steyerberg, Harold E Lont, Helena C van Doorn, Joos Heisterkamp, Bas PL Wijnhoven, Willem R Schouten, Huib A Cense, Hein BAC Stockmann, Frits J Berends, F Paul HLJ Dijkhuizen, Roy S Dwarkasing, An P Jairam, Gabrielle H van Ramshorst, Gert-Jan Kleinrensink, Johannes Jeekel, Johan F Lange
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
X-linked B-lymphocyte immune defect in CBA/HN mice. I. Studies of the function and composition of spleen cells.
Authors: I Scher, A Ahmed, D M Strong, A D Steinberg, W E Paul
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

A study of the composition and functional properties of spleen cells from the immune deficient CBA/HN mice and their F1 progeny is reported. While abnormalities were seen in both the numbers and function of thymus-independent (B) lymphocytes, all studies involving thymus-dependent (T) lymphocytes were normal. The X-linked nature of the immune defect in these mice was therefore attributed to abnormal or absent B lymphocytes. The possible nature of this defect and the similarity of the immune defect in these mice to certain human X-linked immunodeficiency diseases are discussed.
JASPAC 01: Randomized phase III trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine versus S-1 for patients with resected pancreatic cancer.
Authors: Akira Fukutomi, Katsuhiko Uesaka, Narikazu Boku, Hideyuki Kanemoto, Masaru Konishi, Ippei Matsumoto, Yuji Kaneoka, Yasuhiro Shimizu, Shoji Nakamori, Hirohiko Sakamoto, Soichiro Morinaga, Osamu Kainuma, Koji Imai, Naohiro Sata, Shoichi Hishinuma, Takayuki Nakamura, Michio Kanai, Satoshi Hirano, Yukinobu Yoshikawa, Yasuo Ohashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

4008 Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine (G) has been standard treatment for resected pancreatic cancer (PC). In the GEST study, S-1 (S) had shown non-inferiority to G in overall survival (OS) for unresectable PC. The aim of this phase III study is to investigate non-inferiority of S to G on OS as adjuvant chemotherapy for resected PC. Methods: Patients (pts) after macroscopically curative resection of PC with an ECOG PS of 0-1 and adequate organ functions were randomly assigned to G (1000 mg/m 2 , iv, d1, 8 and 15, q4w, for 6 courses) or S (80/100/120 mg/day based on BSA, po, d1-28, q6w, for 4 courses) with balancing by surgical margins (R), nodal status (N) and institution. Primary endpoint was OS. With 180 pts per arm, the study had 80% power to prove non-inferiority with a margin of hazard ratio (HR) 1.25 on the basis of expected HR 0.87, with 0.05 two-sided alpha. Secondary endpoints were relapse-free survival (RFS), safety, and quality of life (EQ-5D). One interim analysis was planned after 180 deaths. Results: From 4/2007 to 6/2010, 385 pts were enrolled from 33 hospitals in Japan. 378 pts (G/S: 191/187) were included in the full analysis set. Pts characteristics (G/S) were well balanced (PS0: 67%/70%, R0: 86%/88%, N0: 38%/36%). Based on the interim analysis with 205 OS events, IDMC recommended to publish the results. OS at 2-years were 53% for G and 70% for S. HR for S to G was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.42-0.74, p&lt;0.0001 for non-inferiority, p&lt;0.0001 for superiority). On subgroup analysis, HRs for R0/R1, N0/N1 pts were 0.57 (95% CI, 0.42-0.78)/0.53 (0.27-1.05), 0.48 (0.28-0.83)/0.58 (0.41-0.80), respectively. RFS at 2-years were 29% for G and 49% for S. HR of relapse for S to G was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.43-0.71, log-rank p&lt;0.0001). Incidences of grade 3/4 toxicities in G/S were leukopenia 39%/9%, hemoglobin decrease 17%/13%, thrombocytopenia 9%/4%, elevated AST 5%/1%, fatigue 5%/5%, and anorexia 6%/8%. Relative dose intensity of G/S was 84%/97%. EQ-5D QOL score in S was significantly better than that in G (p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: S-1 adjuvant chemotherapy is shown non-inferior, and furthermore, even superior to GEM. S-1 is considered as the new standard treatment for resected PC pts. Clinical trial information: UMIN000000655.
Inoculation of Calves With Particles Resembling C-Type Virus From Cultures of Bovine Lymphosarcoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: L. D. Miller, J. M. Miller, C. Olson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Lymphocyte cultures containing particles resembling C-type virus particles were prepared from 3 cows that died with lymphosarcoma and from 2 experimentally inoculated calves. Fourteen calves were inoculated parenterally (one with cell-free material) and two were exposed orally. Cultures of circulating lymphocytes were examined regularly after inoculation, and C-type-like particles were detected in all calves wifhin 13 months. Five calves developed persistent lymphocytosis which first appeared 4–13 months after inoculation.
Principles of war surgery
Authors: Steve J Mannion, Eddie Chaloner
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Managing war injury is no longer the exclusive preserve of military surgeons.Increasing numbers of non-combatants are injured in modern conflicts, and peacetime surgical facilities and expertise may not be available.This article addresses the management of war wounds by non-specialist surgeons with limited resources and expertise.One of the hallmarks of war injury is the early lethality of wounds to the head, chest, and abdomen; therefore, limb injuries form a high proportion of the wounds that present at hospitals during conflicts.
Successful re-treatment with taxol after major hypersensitivity reactions.
Authors: D M Peereboom, R C Donehower, E A Eisenhauer, W P McGuire, N Onetto, J L Hubbard, M Piccart, L Gianni, E K Rowinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

To describe the successful re-treatment of eight patients who had major hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to taxol and to suggest a regimen for re-treating patients who develop major HSRs.The treatment courses of eight patients who developed major HSRs and were rechallenged with taxol were reviewed. Patients in this report represent all patients who are known to have been rechallenged with taxol after major HSRs.The most common approach used to rechallenge patients consisted of premedication with multiple high doses of corticosteroids and H1- and H2-histamine antagonists followed by the initiation of the taxol infusion at a reduced rate. All patients who experienced major HSRs were rechallenged successfully. After the rechallenge, these patients received 32 additional courses of taxol without HSRs.Re-treatment with taxol after major HSRs is feasible using multiple high doses of corticosteroids and antihistamine premedications and a reduced taxol infusion rate under close supervision. This approach may represent a valid alternative to the termination of taxol; however, a prospective evaluation is required to determine the true efficacy of this approach.
Study of antioxidant use in patients with asthma exacerbations
Authors: Usman Farkhutdinov, Shamil Farkhutdinov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Active oxygen forms (AOF) are of great importance in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma (BA). Ceruloplasmine (C) is the basic antioxidant in humans serum and may be useful in the treatment of patients with BA.

The aim was to study the effect of C on the production of AOF in in-vitro experiments and in patients with BA.

Methods: The method of chemiluminescence (ChL) registration was used to study the effect of various doses of C (0.005 mg/ml, 0.01 mg/ml, 0.05 mg/ml) on the production of AOF in-vitro in the blood of healthy subjects. In the clinical part of the research AOF generation was studied in 40 patients with exacerbations of BA. 20 patients received standard therapy with various basic medications and C inhalations. The other 20 patients received standard therapy and inhalations with placebo.

Results: In in-vitro experiments C dose of 0.005 mg/ml decreased ChL intensity of blood by 10.5% ±0.2 (p<0.05), the doses of 0.01 mg/ml and 0.05 mg/ml reduced ChL intensity by 19.1%±0.5 (p<0.05) and 42,5%±2.2 (p<0.01) respectively. In comparison with normal findings ChL intensity of blood in patients with BA was higher by 1.7-times. It indicated increased production of AOF by blood cells. The use of C in patients has decreased generation of AOF in blood and the intensity of clinical symptoms. Patients who received standard therapy demonstrated symptoms of the disease and enhanced ChL intensity of blood for a long time.

Conclusion: The study showed that C possesses a marked anti-oxidant activity. Due to this property C improves the effect of treatment of BA exacerbations.
HDL Cholesterol Efflux Predicts Graft Failure in Renal Transplant Recipients
Authors: Wijtske Annema, Arne Dikkers, Jan Freark de Boer, Robin P. F. Dullaart, Jan-Stephan F. Sanders, Stephan J. L. Bakker, Uwe J. F. Tietge
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles are involved in the protection against cardiovascular disease by promoting cholesterol efflux, in which accumulated cholesterol is removed from macrophage foam cells. We investigated whether HDL cholesterol efflux capacity is associated with cardiovascular mortality, all-cause mortality, and graft failure in a cohort of renal transplant recipients (n=495, median follow-up 7.0 years). Cholesterol efflux capacity at baseline was quantified using incubation of human macrophage foam cells with apolipoprotein B-depleted plasma. Baseline efflux capacity was not different in deceased patients and survivors (P=0.60 or P=0.50 for cardiovascular or all-cause mortality, respectively), whereas recipients developing graft failure had lower efflux capacity than those with functioning grafts (P<0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a lower risk for graft failure (P=0.004) but not cardiovascular (P=0.30) or all-cause mortality (P=0.31) with increasing gender-stratified tertiles of efflux capacity. Cox regression analyses adjusted for age and gender showed that efflux capacity was not associated with cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.67 to 1.19; P=0.43). Furthermore, the association between efflux capacity and all-cause mortality (HR, .79; 95% CI, 0.63 to 0.98; P=0.031) disappeared after further adjustment for potential confounders. However, efflux capacity at baseline significantly predicted graft failure (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.29 to 0.64; P<0.001) independent of apolipoprotein A-I, HDL cholesterol, or creatinine clearance. In conclusion, this prospective study shows that cholesterol efflux capacity from macrophage foam cells is not associated with cardiovascular or all-cause mortality but is a strong predictor of graft failure independent of plasma HDL cholesterol levels in renal transplant recipients.