tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Characterization of human mesenchymal stem cells phenotype and secretome in a in vitro model of acute lung injury inflammation
Authors: Arnaud Goolaerts, Valérie Vanneaux, Jérôme Larghero, Michael Matthay, Christine Clérici
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Intra-tracheal instillation of MSCs have therapeutic efficacy in models of acute lung injury (ALI). Protective effects of MSC are reported despite low engraftment rates supporting that paracrine mediators may be involved. In ALI, MSCs delivered by intra-tracheal route are exposed to alveolar hypoxia and cytokines, both known to independently modify MSC phenotype, which may affect their survival or their reparative properties. We therefore investigated the effects of a typical alveolar ALI microenvironment consisting in hypoxia (HYP) and cytomix (CYT; IL-1β, TNFα and INFγ) on MSC phenotype, apoptosis and secretion profile. Testing the effects of such conditions is important to better understand the fate and behavior of MSC instilled into injured lungs and to detect potential modification of their secretion profile. In order to decide whether MSC preconditioning might be an interesting strategy, MSC were exposed 24 hours to CYT 50ng/ml and/or HYP (0% O2). CYT and/or HYP neither modify the expression of the typical MSCs markers (CD90, CD105, CD45) nor the degree of apoptosis/necrosis when compared to control MSCs. We measured KGF, PGE2 and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1rA) in the supernatant because they are known to be important for resolution of alveolar edema. Compared to control conditions, CYT plus HYP increased the release of PGE2 (190±160 vs 2999±261 ng/ml), IL1-rA (0 vs 134±26 ng/ml) but decreased by two fold the release of KGF (345±8 vs 115±12,8 ng/ml). In conclusion: Hypoxic and inflammatory environment mimicking ALI does not affect the survival and phenotype of MSC but differentially modulates KGF, PGE-2 and IL-1rA secretion.
Thallium-201 scintigraphy in the evaluation of graft dysfunction in lung transplantation. Newark Beth Israel Medical Center Lung Transplant Group
Authors: MS Karetzky, RR Jasani, MA Zubair
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

The object of this study was to evaluate graft dysfunction utilizing thallium-201 scintigraphy in patients who had undergone lung transplantation. We studied 11 patients who had undergone single-lung transplantation and had 44 evaluations for suspected graft dysfunction. All evaluations included a lung thallium-201 scan and chest radiography. In addition, 42 transbronchial biopsies, 19 gallium-67 scans and 28 pulmonary function tests were obtained. Rejection was defined by histopathology and/or the response to an empirical pulse of methylprednisolone, while cultures of protected specimen brushes and blood with a positive chest radiograph were used to define infection. The sensitivity of thallium scintigraphy for diagnosing rejection and/or infection (94%) was higher than that for transbronchial biopsy (86%), gallium scintigraphy (47%), chest radiography (67%), or spirometry testing (30%). Specificity was 100% for thallium scintigraphy and transbronchial biopsy, as compared to chest radiography and spirometry, which were 75 and 80% respectively. This study indicated that thallium-201 scintigraphy is useful for screening lung transplant recipients for episodes of acute rejection and/or infection. A positive scan is confirmation of graft parenchymal dysfunction and may then be followed by empirical treatment or bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy and culture to differentiate rejection and infection.
Oral human papillomavirus type-specific infection in HIV-infected men: a prospective cohort study among men who have sex with men and heterosexual men
Authors: L. Darwich, M.P. Cañadas, S. Videla, J. Coll, R.A. Molina-López, P. Cobarsi, G. Sirera, B. Clotet
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Substrate stiffness and geometry differentially regulate proliferation in airway smooth muscle cells
Authors: Adrian West, Darren Cole, Elizabeth Cowley, Geoffrey Maksym
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Airway smooth muscle (ASM) hyperplasia is a hallmark of asthma, attributed to excessive pro-inflammatory cytokine release. However in other cell types mechanical factors including substrate stiffness and geometry modify proliferation, and we have shown stiff substrates and 3D environments enhance ASM contractility. This may be important considering the structural changes associated with asthmatic airway remodeling.  We used collagen-I coated glass, plastic and polyacrylamide hydrogels with elastic moduli ranging from 300 Pa to 19200 Pa to study mechanical regulation of hASM proliferation. Engineered microtissues consisting of ASM embedded within a collagen-I matrix were used as 3D substrates. Proliferation was assessed by BrdU or EdU incorporation in high (2-5%) and low (0.5-1%) serum.  ASM proliferation in high serum was 39% lower on 300 Pa than 1200 Pa substrates, with no further increase on stiffer hydrogels or glass. Decreasing serum reduced proliferation significantly, but a different pattern was observed on each substrate; proliferation remained lowest on 300 Pa substrates, peaked at 4800 Pa and dropped on 19200 Pa and glass. In 3D cultures, proliferation in high serum was 55-60% lower than on 4800 Pa and plastic substrates. However, in low serum, 3D cultures were similar to cells grown on plastic, whereas proliferation on 4800 Pa hydrogels was ∼3-fold higher.  These results indicate that ASM proliferation is differentially regulated by mechanical factors, consistent with previous ASM contractility studies. This highlights the importance of establishing physiological mechanics when studying ASM in vitro, and suggests that mechanical factors may contribute to asthma pathogenesis.
In Defense of Hepatic Arterial Infusion for Hepatic Metastases of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Nancy Kemeny
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

Between 2001 and 2005, 25 patients underwent resection of liver metastases followed by HAI FUDR + systemic infusion. Results were compared with those of 125 consecutive patients who received adjuvant folfox or folfiri after resection with a median follow-up of 43 months.
Serum VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 are biomarkers in lymphangioleiomyomatosis for its diagnosis and impaired pulmonary function
Authors: Hiroko Okabayashi, Aiko Masunaga, Hidenori Ichiyasu, Shinsuke Tsumura, Keisuke Kojima, Kazuhiko Fujii, Naoki Saita, Hirotsugu Kohrogi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a disease characterized by proliferating LAM cells and LAM-associated lymphangiogenesis. Recently, it has been reported that the serum VEGF-D levels are increased in patients with LAM. Therefore, we hypothesized that VEGF-D and its receptor VEGFR-3 should be biomarkers for LAM.   Objectives:  To evaluate clinical significance of serum levels of VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 in patients with LAM.   Methods:  We measured VEGF-C, VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 in serum of 7 patients with LAM, 4 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 6 normal subjects by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and compared them with pulmonary function.   Results:  In patients with LAM, serum VEGF-D levels were significantly increased (2995.1±909.2 pg/ml) compared with patients with COPD and normal subjects (264.7±37.6 pg/ml, 444.9±153.7 pg/ml, respectively). Serum VEGFR-3 levels were also significantly increased in LAM (4511.3±746.7 pg/ml) compared with normal subjects (2633.8±304.1 pg/ml). In patients with LAM, serum VEGF-D levels were negatively correlated with FEV 1 /FVC (rs=-0.8630; p=0.0269) and%DLCO (rs=-0.9796; p=0.0035), and serum VEGFR-3 levels were negatively correlated with FEV 1 /FVC (rs=-0.8119; p=0.0498).   Conclusion:  These results indicate that, in LAM, serum VEGF-D and VEGFR-3 are candidate for biomarkers for the diagnosis and impaired pulmonary function.
Comparison of the characteristics of symptom-limited exercise tests between incremental and constant work rate protocols
Authors: Kazuyuki Tabira, Tetsuya Harada, Junshiro Yamamoto, Akinori Okada
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background : The endurance time during the constant high intensity exercise test (CET) on a cycle ergometer has been shown to be more sensitive to rehabilitation intervention than measures obtained from the incremental exercise test (IET). However, few studies have compared the limiting factors between the CET and IET.   Objectives:  The purpose of this study was to compare the limiting factors of exercise tests between the IET and CET in healthy humans.   Methods:  Untrained young men (n = 20) performed the IET and CET at 80% of the peak load on the IET to symptom limitation on a cycle ergometer. During both tests, ventilatory and metabolic variables were measured by using a breath-by-breath portable gas analyzer. Cardiovascular and muscle oxygenation were also measured. These variables were compared between the IET and CET at the end of the exercise by using the paired t-test.   Results:  Oxygen uptake was not significantly different between the tests, but cardiac output and tissue oxygen saturation were lower in the CET than in the IET.   Conclusions:  These results suggest that oxygen uptake is mainly provided by higher cardiac output in the IET and by higher muscle oxygen extraction in the CET.  The improvement in muscle oxygen extraction may explain why the endurance time in the CET is more sensitive to rehabilitation intervention.
Outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)v without travel history in a school in the Toulouse district, France, June 2009
Authors: A Guinard, L Grout, C Durand, V Schwoebel
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

In June 2009, for the first time in France, a confirmed outbreak of influenza A(H1N1)v without history of travel occurred in a secondary school in Toulouse district. A total of 15 cases were confirmed among students of which three were asymptomatic. This report describes the outbreak and its public health implications.
Recurrence after successful treatment among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors: Chul-Gyu Yoo, Jinwoo Lee, Young Sik Park, Sang-Min Lee, Jae-Joon Yim, Seok-Chul Yang, Young Whan Kim, Young-Soo Shim, Sung Koo Han
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampin, is a growing global concern. Even after successful treatment of TB, there is still the issue of recurrence, of which the rate has been reported to be up to 3.4% in drug susceptible TB. The rate of recurrence could be higher in patients with drug-resistant TB, but comprehensive data is limited. We aimed to elucidate the rate of recurrence among patients with MDR-TB who finished their treatment successfully. A retrospective review was conducted of patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) to elucidate the rate of recurrence after successful treatment. Of 123 MDR-TB patients, 90 were declared as “cure” or “treatment completed” after individualized therapy. Among 75 successfully treated MDR-TB patients with at least 1 complete year of follow-up, 4 (5.3%) had recurrence.  All patients with recurred MDR-TB were documented as “treatment completed” after treatment. Recurrence of MDR-TB is possible after successful treatment, especially in the “treatment completed” group.
Spread of the Streptococcus pneumoniae Taiwan19F-14 clone among children in Greece
Authors: A. Mavroidi, I. Paraskakis, A. Pangalis, E. Kirikou, A. Charisiadou, T. Athanasiou, P.T. Tassios, L.S. Tzouvelekis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)
Equivalence Between Ovarian Suppression and Chemotherapy in the Adjuvant Treatment of Endocrine-Responsive Breast Cancer
Authors: Angelo Di Leo, Marc Buyse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.7.1954 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11919262 Equivalence Between Ovarian Suppression and Chemotherapy in the Adjuvant Treatment of Endocrine-Responsive Breast Cancer Angelo Di LeoxAngelo Di LeoSearch for articles by this author , Marc BuysexMarc BuyseSearch for articles by this author Show More Jules Bordet Institute, Brussels, BelgiumInternational Drug Development Institute, Cambridge, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2002.20.7.1954 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2002 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Complete axillary lymph node dissection for stage I-II carcinoma of the breast.
Authors: D N Danforth, P A Findlay, H D McDonald, M E Lippman, C M Reichert, T d'Angelo, C R Gorrell, N L Gerber, A S Lichter, S A Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

We reviewed the complete axillary dissection specimens of 136 patients with stage I-II breast cancer to clarify the distribution of axillary lymph node metastases in this disease. Our series included 71 patients undergoing axillary dissection as part of a modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and 65 patients undergoing axillary dissection in conjunction with conservative surgery of the breast and definitive postoperative breast radiotherapy (CAD). These two groups of patients were comparable according to age, menopausal status, tumor size, and clinical stage. In all patients the pectoralis minor muscle was excised and all axillary tissue removed. Each specimen contained a median of 23 lymph nodes. The axillary levels (I, II, III) were determined according to the relationship of axillary tissue to the pectoralis minor muscle (lateral, inferior, medial). Thirty-nine percent of the lymph nodes were contained in level I, 41% in level II, and 20% in level III. There were no significant differences noted in the number of lymph nodes or in the distribution of lymph nodes according to axillary level between dissections performed as part of the MRM or those done as a single procedure (CAD). Sixty-five patients (47.8%) had one or more positive lymph nodes in their axillary specimen. The clinical and pathologic stage was determined and compared for all patients. Among patients judged to have a clinically negative axilla, 37.6% had histologically positive lymph nodes (clinical false-negative rate). For patients with a clinically positive axilla, 11.1% had, histologically, no evidence of metastatic disease (clinical false-positive rate). When the distribution of lymph node metastases according to axillary level was studied, it was found that 29.2% of lymph node-positive patients (or 14.0% of all patients) had metastases only to level II and/or III of the axilla, with level I being negative (skip metastases). This incidence of skip metastases was greater among clinically node-negative than among clinically node-positive patients, but was not related to the size or location of the primary tumor in the breast. In addition, it was found that 20.0% of lymph node-positive patients (or 9.6% of all patients) were converted from three or fewer to four or more positive nodes by analysis of lymph nodes contained in levels II and III. This conversion from three or fewer to four or more positive nodes was due primarily to information contained in level II, with level III contributing to a smaller degree.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
P1310 : Adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine and cisplatin compared to observation after curative intent resection of cholangiocarcinoma and muscle invasive gallbladder carcinoma (ACTICCA-1) – a randomized, multidisciplinary, multinational phase III trial
Authors: H. Wege, D. Arnold, W.O. Bechstein, J. Bridgewater, D. Goldstein, L.H. Jensen, S. Kasper, H.J. Klümpen, V. Kunzmann, U. Lindig, A.W. Lohse, B. Nashan, J. Primrose, M. Rentsch, J. Shannon, M. Sinn, K.H. Weiss, A. Stein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Observations on Oral Tumors In Vitro. III. Morphologic Properties and Longevity of Nonviral Intranuclear Inclusions23
Authors: G. G. Rose
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Intranuclear inclusions were observed in noninfected tissue cultures of strain KB cells and fibroblastoid cells from a facial biopsy explant from a boy with cherubism. Inclusions with different forms and content are shown in the micrographs, and one pair of inclusions was followed for 16 days by time-lapse cinemicrography. Changes occurred in the inclusions of the cells, although these cells appeared to be unusual in no other way. The inclusions shown, although similar to one another in many respects, are believed to be of two types. One is derived from an invagination of the nuclear membrane, leading to envelopment of cytoplasmic components,the other results from an interaction of nucleoli with folds of nuclear membrane. The long persistence of either type within viable cells is evidence against a viral causation.
Methilation status in EBUS-NA samples of lung cancer
Authors: Laura Millares, Guadalupe Bermudo, Laia Setó, Carles Grimau, Neus Combalia, Maria Rosa Escoda, Eva Castellà, Mariona Llatjos, Felipe Andreo, Jose Sanz, Concepcion Monton, Miguel Gallego, Eduard Monsó
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Aberrant methylation of DNA causes gene silencing and is frequent in lung cancer (LC). Epigenetic changes contribute to tumour progression and the identification of methylated genes in mediastinal metastasis by non-invasive techniques may improve LC characterization.  Objective: To determine the relationships between methylation status of 5 genes in samples obtained by endobronchial ultrasound with needle aspiration (EBUS-NA) and LC type and stage.  Methods: Samples obtained with EBUS-NA from patients with peripheral LC were flash-frozen with N 2 , DNA was extracted and chemically modified, and methylation status of DAPK, p16, RASSF1, APC and CDH13 genes was determined by methylation-sensitive high resolution melting.  Results: 85 patients (67 SD 8 years), 37 (44%) with adenocarcinoma (ADC), 27 (32%) with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 12 (14%) with small cell LC (SCLC), and 8 (9%) with undifferentiated non-small cell LC, were included. ≥1 genes were methylated in 41/67 samples of mediastinal metastasis (67%) (61 node / 6 tumour). APC gene appeared methylated more often in ADC (13/31 (42%) vs 6/36 (17%); p= 0.022), and RASSF1 gene in SCLC samples (10/11 (91%) vs 16/56 (29%), p‹ 0.001). APC methylation was more often observed in advanced stage (stage IIIb-IV), than in patients with limited stage (I-IIIa) ADC (11/19 (58%) vs 2/12 (17%), p= 0.023).  Conclusion: Gene methylation status may be assessed in mediastinal samples obtained by non-invasive endoscopic techniques. ADC was associated with APC methylation whereas SCLC with RASSF1 methylation. In ADC, the identification of APC methylation in mediastinal nodes or tumours was associated with advanced stage.  Funded FIS 09/01612 and SEPAR.
Sputum neutrophil mediators in experimental rhinovirus infection in COPD
Authors: Patrick Mallia, Joseph Footitt, Maria-Belen Trujillo-Torralbo, Kazuhiro Ito, Ian Adcock, Peter Barnes, Onn Min Kon, Sebastian Johnston
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) are associated with neutrophilic airway inflammation. Inhibition of TNF-α was recently found to be ineffective in AECOPD. We used experimental rhinovirus (RV) infection to investigate neutrophil chemokines in AECOPD.  Methods. 9 COPD subjects, 9 smokers (SMK) and 8 non-smokers (NS) were successfully infected with RV. Induced sputum (IS) was collected prior to infection and on days 3, 5, 9, 12, 15, 21 and 42 post-infection. Levels of IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1β, TNF-α, GRO-α and MMP-9 were measured in IS supernatants using the Meso Scale Discovery (MSD®) platform.  Results. MMP-9, IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1β, and TNF-α in IS increased significantly from baseline following RV infection in the COPD group but not in the SMK or NS, GRO-α was not induced. Peak levels correlated with inflammatory cell counts, neutrophil numbers and neutrophil elastase (NE) in IS in the COPD subjects.  Conclusions. IL-8, GM-CSF, IL-1β, and TNF-α, but not GRO-α, are all involved in neutrophilic inflammation in AECOPD. Inhibition of single cytokines is unlikely to be successful in AECOPD. High levels of the protease MMP-9 are induced so NE inhibition may also be unsuccessful. Therapeutic strategies that target multiple chemokines or multiple proteases are likely to be required in AECOPD.
6-minute walking test (6MWT) in patients with silicosis
Authors: Izabela Cozza, Elisa Lombardi, Gustavo Prado, Mario Terra, Ubiratan Santos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective: To evaluate the performance of patients with chronic silicosis in six-minute walking test (6MWT) and correlate its results with lung function test and radiologic exams. Methods: Study that included all patients diagnosed with silicosis in the Occupational Respiratory Diseases Ambulatory, Heart Institute (Incor-HCFMUSP), between January and December 2011, who had no limitation on the execution of the 6MWT. The subjects performed 6MWT, chest radiography and / or high-resolution computed tomography, and pulmonary function test. We included 67 patients, 98.5% were male. The majority (70%) worked in the fields of foundry, marble quarrying and quarry. Mean age was 55.5 ± 12.7 years, BMI 24.7 ± 3.8 kg/m2. Smoking prevalence was 2.9% (n = 2), ex-smokers 64.1% (n = 44) and non-smokers 32.8% (n = 21). Largely, 78%, showed functional abnormalities on spirometry with a greater frequency of obstructive lung disease (n = 32, 49.23%). At the end of 6MWT we observed a significant increase in Borg rating perceived exertion scale (Borg scale) and decrease in SpO2 ≥ 5% (n = 18, 28%) (p
Women’s health priorities and interventions
Authors: Marleen Temmerman, Rajat Khosla, Laura Laski, Zoe Mathews, Lale Say
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Women's health priorities and interventionsBuilding on the unfinished agenda, Marleen Temmerman and colleagues elaborate actions needed to improve the health and wellbeing of women and girls around the world O ver the past decades, governments have taken steps towards improving women's health in line with commitments made in key international summits.Progress has been made in reducing maternal mortality, 1 which accelerated with the launch of the United Nations secretary general's Global Strategy for Women's and Children's Health in 2010.Use of maternal healthcare and family planning has increased in some countries. 2Progress has also been seen on two determinants of women's health-school enrolment rates for girls and political participation of women-but not for others such as gender based violence. 3owever, societies are still failing women in relation to health, especially in low resource settings.Discrimination on the basis of their sex leads to health disadvantages for women. 4Structural determinants of women's health, along with legal and policy restrictions, often restrict women's access to health services.This paper elaborates the health problems women face, and priority interventions to overcome them, as a background for and informing the updating of the Global Strategy for Women's, Children's and Adolescents' Health.
Do human rhinovirus infections and food allergy modify grass pollen–induced asthma hospital admissions in children?
Authors: Bircan Erbas, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Mimi L.K. Tang, Muhammad Akram, Katrina J. Allen, Don Vicendese, Janet M. Davies, Rob J. Hyndman, Ed J. Newbigin, Philip E. Taylor, Philip G. Bardin, Michael J. Abramson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)