tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of bronchial hyper-responsiveness indicates that asthma is under-diagnosed in Vietnam
Authors: Hoàng Thi Lâm, Linda Ekerljung, Anders Bjerg, Nguyên Van Tuòng, Bo Lundback, Eva Ronmark
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a keypathophysiological feature of asthma. Even thoughthere is no diagnostic test for asthma, bronchial provocationtests, such as the methacholine test, are useful in the diagnostic procedure for confirming a diagnosis of asthma.   Aim  To estimate prevalence and determinants of BHR in northern Vietnam.   Methods  The study was conducted in urban and rural Hanoi. 5872 randomly selected subjects(83% of invited) aged 21 -70 years participated in a questionnaire survey in 2007-2008. Of them, 1500 subjects, 750 from each of the two areas, were randomly selected for clinical examinations including astructured interview, lung function test, methacholine test and skin prick test (SPT). In total, 684 subjects (46%) participated, and methacholine test was performed in 366 subjects following a method developed in Sweden. The cut-off lines used in the analyses were PC 20  ≤1mg/ml, ≤2mg/ml and≤8mg/ml.   Results  The prevalence of BHR defined by the three cut-off lines were 6.3% at doses ≤1mg/ml, 9.6% at doses ≤2mg/ml, and 16.4% at doses ≤8mg/ml. Among those who had PC 20  ≤2mg/ml, only 11.4% reported physician-diagnosed asthma vs. 3.6% (p=0.029) among those who did not react at that dose, while 26% of those with PC 20  ≤2mg/ml reported wheezing with breathlessness vs. 11% (p=0.014) among those who did not react. Corresponding figures for use of asthma medicines were 5.7% vs. 0.6% (p=0.005). A majority of those with PC 20  ≤2mg/ml reported at least one symptom common in asthma.   Conclusions  As asthma prevalence among adults in Vietnam has been estimated at 2-5%, the results of our study indicate that asthma is underdiagnosed in Vietnam.
Initial Experience of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement With a Novel Transcatheter Mitral Valve
Authors: Omar Abdul-Jawad Altisent, Eric Dumont, François Dagenais, Mario Sénéchal, Mathieu Bernier, Kim O’Connor, Silvie Bilodeau, Jean Michel Paradis, Francisco Campelo-Parada, Rishi Puri, Maria del Trigo, Josep Rodés-Cabau
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 5044: Reducing breast cancer risk with hormone replacement therapy
Authors: Anna Dembo, Geoffrey Greene
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Menopause occurs in women between the ages of 45 and 55 and often results in symptoms that can be alleviated with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). HRT improves the symptoms associated with menopause that negatively affect quality of life, such as hot flashes, difficulty sleeping, fatigue, and vaginal atrophy. HRT also prevents osteoporosis. A current HRT formulation, which includes conjugated equine estrogens (CE) and medroxyprogesterone acetate, unfortunately increases the risk of breast cancer. Over the years, the number of women taking HRT has decreased due to this perceived increased risk. A new form of HRT, which contains CE and bazedoxifene (BZA), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, has recently been approved by the FDA for treatment of moderate to severe hot flashes and for the reduction of osteoporosis development. The CE/BZA mixture has been shown to not only relieve symptoms associated with menopause, but also does not stimulate the breast or uterus. Various studies show that CE/BZA may be protective in the breast. Currently, the mechanism of action of this new combination therapy is not known. Our goal is to identify the molecular mechanism of action of CE/BZA through transcriptome and whole genome occupancy analysis in breast cancer cell lines. In addition, we are determining the effects of the combination therapy on breast cancer progression in a transgenic mouse model. The overall hypothesis of our project is that the ability of CE/BZA to delay the onset of mammary tumors and decrease the number of lesions in the polyoma middle T antigen transgenic mouse model is due to its action as an estrogen receptor α antagonist in the mammary gland. We have determined that CE stimulates gene expression in MCF7 cells at a similar rate to 17β-estradiol, and that BZA is able to decrease this stimulation. Similarly, we have found that CE increases ERα occupancy at promoters of some estrogen target genes, while a combination of CE and BZA decreases this occupancy. Through understanding the molecular mechanism of CE/BZA and by determining whether it reduces the incidence of invasive breast cancer in a transgenic mouse model, we will be able to improve quality of life for many women by relieving menopausal symptoms in a safe manner. Citation Format: Anna Dembo, Geoffrey Greene. Reducing breast cancer risk with hormone replacement therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5044. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5044
Abstract 16982: Human Cardiomyocytes Generated From Muliple iPS Cell Lines Exhibit Mature Calcium Handling
Authors: Hyun Seok Hwang, Dmytro O Kryshtal, Veronica Sanchez-Freire, Tromondae K Feaster, Jianhua Zhang, Timothy J Kamp, Charles C Hong, Joseph C Wu, Bjorn C Knollmann
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Cardiomyocytes (CM) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are increasingly used to model human disease phenotypes, but Ca handling of iPSC-CM has not been comprehensi...
Long-term outocomes of preoperative chemoradiation therapy with gemcitabine and accelerated hyperfractionated radiation for respectable pancreatic cancer
Authors: S. Nakamori, S. Nakahira, A. Miyamoto, S. Marubashi, H. Nagano, K. Dono, M. Sakon, M. Monden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14004 Background: Gemcitabine (GEM) is recognized as an effective chemotherapeutic agent for non-curative pancreatic cancer and has an activity for radiosensitizer. Although preoperative chemoradiation therapy (preCRT) with GEM is one of the promising adjuvant therapies for potentially curative pancreatic cancer, the clinical significance of the treatment remains to obscure. Methods: Potentially resectable pancreatic cancer patients were recruited in this study from September 2001 through August 2004. Patients were randomly divided into preCRT group and a control group. Patients in preCRT group received GEM (400 mg/m 2 or 800 mg/m 2 on day 1 and 7) and concomitant accelerated hyperfractionated irradiation (1.5 Gy ×2/day, 5 days/weeks, total dose 30Gy or 36 Gy). After 3–4 weeks’ rest of the preCRT, patients were re-evaluated for resectability. Patients who underwent R0 resection did not received any postoperative adjuvant treatment until recurrence. Results: There were 23 patients in preCRT group and were 19 patients in control group. After re-evaluation, 4 patients (17%) were considered as unresectable due to the progressed disease. 19 patients (83%) in preCRT group and 19 patients (100%) in control group underwent laparotomy. Sixteen patients (70%) in preCRT group and 17 patients (89%) in control group underwent R0 resection. Median survival times were 17.6 months in preCRT group and 16.7 months in control group, respectively (p=0.65). Among patients underwent R0 resection, one and three-years survival rate were 81.2% and 27.1% in preCRT group, while these were 70.6% and 15.4% in the control group (p=0.26). Local recurrence was observed in 4 (25%) of 16 patients who underwent R0 resection in preCRT group and in 7 (41%) of 17 patients who underwent R0 resection in control group, while recurrence at distant organs (liver, lung, peritoneum, bone) were observed in 8 patients (50%) of preCRT group and 8 patients (47%) in control group. Conclusions: Although the preoperative chemoradiation therapy with GEM and accelerated hyperfractionated radiation for potentially curative pancreatic cancer is likely to be promising against local recurrence after R0 resection, survival benefit of the therapy was unsatisfactory. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 18809: PER977: A Synthetic Small Molecule Which Reverses Over-Dosage and Bleeding by the New Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Sasha Bakhru, Bryan Laulicht, Xuan Jiang, Lirong Chen, Deng Pan, Michael Grosso, Yoshiyuki Morishima, Karen Brown, Hiroshi Masumoto, James Costin, Solomon Steiner
Journal: Circulation (2013)

With regards to route of administration, drug interactions and predictability of bioactivity, the new oral anticoagulants (NOACs; direct factor Xa and IIa inhibitors) offer significant advantages over heparins and warfarin therapies. However, concern over serious bleeding, emergency procedures and potential over-dosage is heightened with the current lack of a specific reversal agent. PER977 is a synthetic small molecule rationally designed anticoagulant antidote. Reversal of anticoagulation induced bleeding was demonstrated in a rat tail transection model: weight-matched rats were overdosed with rivaroxaban, edoxaban, dabigatran, or apixaban, resulting in large increases in blood loss volume. PER977 was administered IV and after thirty minutes, blood loss volume was quantified. PER977 significantly decreased bleeding in vivo in rats treated with NOAC (Figure 1a). PT (for edoxaban, rivaroxaban, and apixaban) or aPTT (for dabigatran) and thromboelastography (TEG) (TEG- for edoxaban, Figure 1b) were also used to quantify NOAC anticoagulation reversal in vivo in rats; PER977 restored these laboratory values to baseline levels within 20 minutes of administration. Importantly, PER977 has also shown no pro-coagulant properties as measured by TEG, PT and aPTT in rat and human whole blood, nor any interaction with circulating coagulation factor proteins. In vivo and in vitro toxicology and safety studies have been completed and a first-in-human clinical trial to demonstrate safety and efficacy in healthy human volunteers with PER977 and edoxaban is underway. In conclusion, PER977 is a synthetic small molecule new chemical entity under development that reverses NOAC anti-coagulation in vivo as measured by TEG, PT, and aPTT, and also by bleeding volume in a rat tail transection model.
Abstract 5826: MicroSPECT-CT Imaging Demonstrates Impairment of Matrix Metalloproteinases Activation in Ischemic Peripheral Angiogenesis in Type-1 Diabetes Associated with Glycation
Authors: Lawrence W Dobrucki, Donna Dione, Leszek Kalinowski, Albert J Sinusas
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We previously demonstrated an impairment of ischemic peripheral angiogenesis (IPA) in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia using a radiolabeled RGD peptide targeted at alpha-v integrin in type-1 diabetes mellitus (DM) in association with advanced glycation endproducts (AGE). Glycation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in DM inhibits ECM degradation by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and impairs IPA. We hypothesized that targeted microSPECT-CT imaging of MMP activation with 99m Tc-labeled peptidomimetic (RP805; Lantheus, USA) would demonstrate impaired MMP activation during IPA in DM in association with AGE accumulation. Right femoral artery was surgically ligated on C57BL/6 male non-DM mice (n= 12) and DM mice (n= 17) 4–6 wks after STZ treatment (40 mg/kg i.p. for 5 days). DM mice demonstrated glycosuria and fasting glycemia (&gt;200 mg/dL). RP805 (1.6± 0.5mCi) was injected and microSPECT-CT imaging performed 60 min later in mice 1 week (non-DM: n= 5; DM: n= 9) and 2 weeks (non-DM: n= 7; DM: n= 8) post-ligation. Blood was collected in additional non-DM (n= 4) and DM (n= 4) mice for measurement of HbA1c, an index of AGE accumulation. MicroSPECT-CT images were analyzed for RP805 activity within hindlimb distal to ligation, and ischemic-to-nonischemic (I/N) activity ratios calculated. DM mice demonstrated ~3-fold increase in glucose levels, and ~2.7-fold increase in AGE. Quantitative RP805 imaging demonstrated an impairment of MMP activation (~47%, P&lt; 0.05) in DM at 1 week post-ligation, which normalized at 2 weeks. RP805 microSPECT-CT imaging provides a novel non-invasive approach for evaluation of impaired MMP activation during IPA in DM, and was associated with AGE accumulation.
Abstract 9069: Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), Myeloperoxidase (MPO), And Soluble Cd40 Ligand (sCD40L) Levels in Patients with Non-calcified Coronary Artery Plaques Without Significant Stenosis by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA)
Authors: Sion K Roy, Zhi-hui Hou, Bin Lu, Yang Gao, Shiliang Jiang, Na Jing, Xi Chen, Xiangfeng Cong, Matthew J Budoff
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: We aimed to evaluate whether matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) are elevated in patients with non-calcified plaques without significant coronary artery stenosis. These are the plaques that have been called “vulnerable” and may lead to acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all subjects who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) at our center between January 2009 and May 2010. All patients were referred for chest pain. After excluding patients who had calcified coronary plaques or significant coronary artery stenosis (stenosis&gt;50%), 174 patients were analyzed. Eighty-four patients who had non-calcified coronary plaques were enrolled in group A. Ninety patients who had no coronary plaque were enrolled in the normal control group (group B). The serum levels of MMP-9, MPO, and sCD40L were compared between the two groups. The relationship between these biomarkers and Framingham risk scores were analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to evaluate the ability of these biomarkers to predict the presence of non-calcified plaques. Results: A total of 128 non-calcified coronary plaques were found in 84 group A patients. The MMP-9 (641.33 ± 215.38 ng/ml vs 413.90 ± 182.01 ng/ml, p&lt;0.001) and MPO values (1073.69 ± 478.20 ng/ml vs 705.18 ± 289.68 ng /ml, p&lt;0.001) in group A were significantly higher than in group B. No significant difference was found in serum level of sCD40L between the two groups (8.65 ± 3.39 ng/ml vs 8.08 ± 4.00ng /ml, p=0.355). The Framingham risk score was significantly higher in group A than in group B (21 ± 5 vs 16 ± 4, p&lt;0.001). The serum levels of MMP-9 and MPO showed significant correlation with Framingham risk score (r = 0.799, p&lt;0.001; and r = 0.301, p&lt;0.001), but not for sCD40L (r=0.072, p=0.345). In terms of predicting non-calcified plaque, the areas under the ROC curves of MMP-9, MPO and sCD40L were 0.802 (95%CI = 0.735-0.868, p&lt;0.001), 0.738 (95%CI = 0.663-0.812, p&lt;0.001), and 0.575 (95%CI = 0.489-0.661, p=0.086), respectively. Conclusion: The serum levels of MMP-9 and MPO positively correlated with Framingham Risk Score and were significantly increased in patients with non-calcified plaque.
Abstract 4017: Reduced Pulmonary Arterial Pulsatility Induced Periarteritis in the Intra-Pulmonary Arteries and the Local Rennin-angiotensin System
Authors: Chiyo Ootaki, Yamashita Michifumi, Yoshio Ootaki, Diyar Saeed, Tetsuya Horai, Hideyuki Fumoto, Alex L Massiello, Leonard A Golding, Kiyotaka Fukamachi
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Abstract 13447: Bilateral Branch Pulmonary Artery Melody(R) Valve Implantation Reduces Pulmonary Regurgitation in an Ovine Model of Postoperative Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: J. D Robb, Matthew A Harris, Masahito Minakawa, Evelio Rodriguez, Kevin J Koomalsingh, Takashi Shuto, Arminder S Jassar, Myron Allukian, David Shin, Yoav Dori, Andrew C Glatz, Jonathan J Rome, Robert C Gorman, Joseph H Gorman, Matthew J Gillespie
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Transannular patch repair of tetralogy of Fallot (ToF) results in pulmonary insufficiency (PI) with dilation and distortion of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) developing ov...
Histologie und mikroskopische Anatomie des Menschen.
Authors: J. J. Pritchard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Book Reviews attempts to, and succeeds in, building up an evolving picture from the macroscopic to the microscopic, to the ultrastructural.He relates form and function in an interesting and useful way.All organs and tissues of the human body are well described, and modern concepts of the functions of the thymus and lymphocytes are included.The section on the nervous system is particularly clear.There are 440 pages of text, and 246 illustrations, many in the form of drawings, but light and electron micrographs are also included.In this fourth edition graduates especially will find very useful the extra section of references to original publications.One novel feature, which should be standard in all textbooks, is a sheet inviting comments.All in all, this is a most successful volume, given the restraints imposed on all short textbooks, and it should have wide appeal to both undergraduate and postgraduate students in science and medical faculties.
Abstract 21308: Quantification of Myocardial Perfusion Following Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting using Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Jayanth R Arnold, Chris C Lim, Jane M Francis, Theodoros D Karamitsos, William J van Gaal, Paul Bhamra-Ariza, Luca Testa, Joseph B Selvanayagam, Rana Sayeed, Stephen Westaby, Adrian P Banning, Stefan Neubauer, Michael Jerosch-Herold
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Previous studies involving visual assessment of myocardial perfusion with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have shown reduced accuracy in patients with coronary artery bypass gra...
Intranuclear biophotonics by smart design of nuclear-targeting photo-/radio-sensitizers co-loaded upconversion nanoparticles
Authors: Wenpei Fan, Bo Shen, Wenbo Bu, Xiangpeng Zheng, Qianjun He, Zhaowen Cui, Dalong Ni, Kuaile Zhao, Shengjian Zhang, Jianlin Shi
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Long-acting methylphenidate for cancer-related fatigue: NCCTG trial N05C7.
Authors: D. L. Barton, A. R. Moraska, A. Sood, J. A. Sloan, J. J. Suh, P. C. Griffin, D. B. Johnson, A. A. Ali, P. T. Silberstein, C. L. Loprinzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9004 Background: Effective treatments are needed for cancer related fatigue (CRF). Pilot data suggest that methylphenidate may be helpful for CRF, but randomized trials have not supported this. One thought is that studies have used too low of a dose of the d- isomer of methylphenidate. Hence, this study was developed to evaluate 54 mg/day of extended release methylphenidate HCl (M). Methods: Adults with CRF, defined as a score of ≥ 4 on an 11 point scale, were randomized to receive 54 mg/day (3 tablets) of M or a placebo. Participants' doses were titrated up, with the last 2 weeks of the 4 week trial being on 54 mg/day. Eligibility included a PS of ≤ 2 and life expectancy of at least 6 months. Other treatable causes of fatigue were excluded. The primary endpoint was the prorated area under the curve (AUC) of the usual fatigue question on the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI), with higher scores representing less fatigue. Differences between group means were evaluated using the two-sample t-test. Secondary outcomes included other items from the BFI and the vitality subscale of the SF-36. 64 patients per arm provided 80% power to detect a moderate effect size of 50% times the standard deviation. Results: 148 patients were enrolled between 2/ 29/08-8/8/08. The mean age was 60, most were white and 60% were female; 2/3 had stage III/IV disease. There were no significant differences between groups for usual fatigue over the 4 weeks of treatment, [M, mean = 50 (95% CI 45, 55); placebo, mean = 47 (95% CI 43, 51, p = 0.35)]. Secondary outcomes were also not significantly different between groups. Exploratory analyses shows that the group with advanced disease (III/IV) may have benefited from M, with a change from baseline in usual fatigue of 19.7 vs. 2.1 for placebo (p = .02). Significantly more patients on M reported increased nervousness and decreased appetite over those on placebo. More patients on M experienced, by self report, worse dizziness, abdominal pain, shakiness, vomiting, abnormal heartbeat, and decreased libido. Conclusions: These data do not suggest any benefit of extended release methylphenidate for CRF in this mixed population, but may have some benefit in advanced cancer. Further research is needed to determine the risk/benefit of this agent in advanced cancer. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Ortho-McNeil Janssen
Nanostructured platinum grass enables superior impedance reduction for neural microelectrodes
Authors: C. Boehler, T. Stieglitz, M. Asplund
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)

Micro-sized electrodes are essential for highly sensitive communication at the neural interface with superior spatial resolution. However, such small electrodes inevitably suffer from high electrical impedance and thus high levels of thermal noise deteriorating the signal to noise ratio. In order to overcome this problem, a nanostructured Pt-coating was introduced as add-on functionalization for impedance reduction of small electrodes. In comparison to platinum black deposition, all used chemicals in the deposition process are free from cytotoxic components. The grass-like nanostructure was found to reduce the impedance by almost two orders of magnitude compared to untreated samples which was lower than what could be achieved with conventional electrode coatings like IrOx or PEDOT. The realization of the Pt-grass coating is performed via a simple electrochemical process which can be applied to virtually any possible electrode type and accordingly shows potential as a universal impedance reduction strategy. Elution tests revealed non-toxicity of the Pt-grass and the coating was found to exhibit strong adhesion to the metallized substrate.
Review: Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring predicts cardiovascular events
Authors: Raj Padwal
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Piper MA, Evans CV, Burda BU, et al. Diagnostic and predictive accuracy of blood pressure screening methods with consideration of rescreening intervals: a systematic review for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:192-204. 25531400
Identification of children with pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections by a marker associated with rheumatic fever
Authors: S E Swedo, H L Leonard, B B Mittleman, A J Allen, J L Rapoport, S P Dow, M E Kanter, F Chapman, J Zabriskie
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors' goal was to determine whether a trait marker of rheumatic fever susceptibility (labeled D8/17) could identify children with pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorders) associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS).Blood samples obtained from 27 children with PANDAS, nine children with Sydenham's chorea, and 24 healthy children were evaluated for D8/17 reactivity. Individuals were defined as D8/17 positive if they had 12% or more D8/17+ cells.The frequency of D8/17-positive individuals was significantly higher in both patient groups than it was among the healthy volunteers: 85% of the children with PANDAS and 89% of the children with Sydenham's chorea, compared with 17% of the healthy children, were D8/17 positive. Further, the mean number of D8/17+ cells was similar in the two patient groups and was significantly higher in these groups than in the group of healthy children.These results suggest that there may be a subgroup of D8/17-positive children who present with clinical symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette's syndrome, rather than Sydenham's chorea, but who have similar poststreptococcal autoimmunity.