tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on thoracoabdominal mechanic, dyspneia and daily activities in patients with COPD
Authors: Juliano Wada, Ericksson Borges-Santos, Desiderio Cano, Denise Paisani, Cibele Marques da Silva, Alberto Cukier, Rafael Stelmach, Adriana Lunardi, Celso Carvalho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have exercise limitation associated with the ineffectiveness of mechanical ventilation and air imprisonment. Objective: To evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation on thoracoabdominal mechanic, functional capacity in patients with COPD during bicycle exercise with progressive load. Methods: Sixteen patients with moderate or severe COPD (9 males, 64±5yrs, 26.7±3.7kg/m2, FEV1=1.7± 0.9L) performed a pulmonary rehabilitation program twice week during 12 weeks. Before and after a pulmonary rehabilitation program, all patients were submitted to thoracoabdominal mechanics evaluation by optoelectronic plethysmography during aerobic bicycle exercise with progressive loading. End-expiratory and -inspiratory chest wall (VEEcw and VEIcw), upper chest (VEEuc and VEIuc), lower chest (VEElc and VEIlc) and abdominal volumes (VEEabd and VEIabd) were measured. Dyspnea (MRC scale) and daily activities (London scale) were also obtained. Paired t test was used with significance level set at 5%. Results: The parameters before and after pulmonary rehabilitation were: VEEuc (860±180 vs. 910±120ml; p
Abstract 17690: Thyroid Hormone-Regulated Cardiac MicroRNAs May Suppress Pathological Hypertrophic Signaling
Authors: Rob Janssen, Marian J Zuidwijk, Diederik W Kuster, Alice Muller, Walter J Paulus, Warner S Simonides
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Normal cardiomyocyte size is in part determined by the level of thyroid hormone (T3), as illustrated by the two-fold increase in cardiac mass when hypothyroid animals are treated for several days with T3. Cardiac function is maintained in this form of physiological hypertrophy, whereas progressive contractile dysfunction is a hallmark of pathological hypertrophy induced by chronic overload of the heart. MicroRNAs (miRs) are important modulators of signal-transduction pathways that drive adverse remodeling. In contrast, the possible involvement of miRs in cardiac T3 action and hypertrophy has not been studied.   Hypothesis:  Using an unbiased approach we tested the hypothesis that T3 regulates a distinct set of cardiac miRs involved in ventricular hypertrophy.   Methods:  Twelve male C57BL/6 mice were given chow containing 0.15 % propylthiouracil for 41 days to induce hypothyroidism. Six mice were injected (IP) with 5 μg T3 in 20 μl saline at day 42, 43 and 44, with six controls receiving carrier. RNA was isolated from the left ventricle at day 45. Expression of 641 currently known mouse miRs was determined using Taqman Megaplex rodent arrays. Data were analyzed using RQ-manager and DataAssist. T3-regulated miRs showing a >2-fold change (p    Results:  T3-treatment increased LV weight by 27% (p   Conclusion:  Our data suggest that cardiac T3 action includes a novel level of regulation in which a unique set of T3-dependent miRs suppresses pathological hypertrophic signaling. This may be relevant for our understanding of the progression of adverse remodeling, since cardiac T3-levels are now known to decrease substantially in various forms of pathological hypertrophy.
Abstract 13: Detection of Abnormal Glucose Tolerance Status in Africans is improved by combining A1C with Fasting Glucose
Authors: Anne E Sumner, Caroline K Thoreson, Michelle Y O'Connor, Madia Ricks, Stephanie T Chung, Jay Lozier, David B Sacks
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Diabetes is reaching epidemic proportions in Africa. Therefore it is critical to invest scarce resources in effective tests. Both the World Health Organization and the American Diabetes Association have approved A1C and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) as diagnostic alternatives to the OGTT for the detection of pre-diabetes and diabetes. However, A1C thresholds for the diagnosis of abnormal glucose tolerance are dependent on &gt;90% of hemoglobin (Hb) being HbA. This could be problematic for Africans, as the prevalence of variant Hb including both sickle (S) and HbC are high. When either HbS or HbC is present as a trait, the concentration of HbA is usually&lt;60%. Our goal was to test in African immigrants whether A1C or A1C combined with FPG have sufficient sensitivity to be an effective diagnostic alternative to the OGTT. Two hundred and six self-identified healthy Africans living in the Washington DC area (140 men, 66 women, age 36±10y (mean±SD, range 20-64y) were enrolled. The African region of origin for the participants was West 57% (112 of 206), Central 27% (56 of 206) and East 19% (38 of 206). Every participant had an OGTT. HPLC was performed to determine the presence of variant Hb and A1C levels. Variant Hb occurred in 21% (44 of 206) of Africans. FPG, 2h glucose and A1C were: 90±13 mg/dL, 131±40 mg/dL and 5.5±0.7% respectively. On the basis of the OGTT, 30% (61 of 206) had newly identified pre-diabetes and 6% (12 of 206) had diabetes. For the detection of abnormal glucose tolerance, the pre-diabetic and diabetic participants were combined into a single group. For comparison to the OGTT, diagnostic thresholds were FPG≥100 mg/dL and A1C≥5.7%. In Africans without variant Hb, the sensitivity for the diagnosis of abnormal glucose tolerance by A1C was 53%. In the presence of variant Hb, the sensitivity of A1C to detect abnormal glucose tolerance fell to 40%. When either A1C or FPG were positive, sensitivity for the diagnosis of abnormal glucose tolerance in Africans with and without variant Hb was 67% and 64%, respectively. In short, A1C alone is not a satisfactory diagnostic test in Africans and this was magnified in the presence of variant Hb. However, when A1C was combined with FPG the sensitivity rose to the mid-sixties and did not vary by variant Hb status. Thus, to detect abnormal glucose tolerance status in Africans combining A1C with FPG makes it unnecessary to know variant Hb status and improves diagnostic capability.
HLA-DR3 and DR4 and their relation to the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy1 1The authors have no proprietary interest in any of the products mentioned in this study.
Authors: Tien Yin Wong, Karen J Cruickshank, Ronald Klein, Barbara E.K Klein, Scot E Moss, Mari Palta, William J Riley, Noel K Maclaren, Constance M Vadheim, Jerome I Rotter
Journal: Ophthalmology (2002)
Ectopic Expression of the Erythropoietin Receptor in a Murine Interleukin-6–Dependent Plasmacytoma Cell Line (TEPC-2027) Confers Proliferative Responsiveness to Erythropoietin
Authors: Frédéric Féger, Anne Dubart, Catherine Lacout, Isabelle Dusanter-Fourt, Patrick Mayeux, William Vainchenker, Dominique Duménil
Journal: Blood (1997)
Adrenocortical function in children on high‐dose steroid aerosol therapy
Authors: P. Prahl, T. Jensen, H. Bjerregaard‐Andersen
Journal: Allergy (1987)

The adrenocortical function was investigated in 18 children treated with high-doses of inhaled glucocorticoid aerosol (mean: 1965 micrograms/1.73 m2 body surface a day). Basal serum cortisol was only below the normal range in patients treated with doses exceeding 2500 micrograms/1.73 m2 body surface. 15 of 18 children had normal 24 h urinary free cortisol excretion, compared with 27 normal children matched for age, sex and body surface. Three patients taking more than 2400 micrograms/1.73 m2 body surface showed excretion values below the range for the normal controls. 10 of 12 patients showed a normal response to a short ACTH stimulation test. One patient treated with 3300 micrograms/1.73 m2 body surface showed no response and one patient gave a borderline response to ACTH. We concluded that doses up to 2000 micrograms/1.73 m2 body surface/24 can be administered by pressurized aerosol with little risk of adrenocortical suppression.
Abstract 19853: Role of Velocity Vector Imaging Derived Strain Parameters in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Andreea M Dragos, Jennifer Dorosz, Bruno Pinamonti, Francesca Brun, Luisa Mestroni, Matthew R Taylor, Gianfranco Sinagra
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Velocity Vector imaging (VVI) is a novel echocardiographic technique that has the unique ability to quantify myocardial deformation. The feasibility of this new imaging tool has already been proven in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). However, limited data regarding the clinical usefulness of VVI derived strain parameters in ARVC are currently available. Objective: To examine the relation between right ventricular (RV) dysfunction assessed by novel indices of myocardial deformation and sustained ventricular arrhythmia (SVA) in ARVC patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the 2D echocardiograms with VVI (syngo, Siemens) of 55 patients with a definite ARVC diagnosis. The study population was divided into two groups according to the presence (group A) or absence (group B) of SVA during follow-up. We compared the echocardiographic features between group A (15 patients) at the time of SVA onset (range of ±12 months) and group B (40 patients) at the last av...
Leaving condoms on motel room beds promotes safe sex
Authors: Gavin Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Leaving condoms on motel room beds is more effective in promoting use of condoms than giving them out on demand or handing them to couples as they enter the rooms, according to a randomised controlled trial in Managua, Nicaragua ( Lancet 2000;355:2101-5).

Motel rooms in Nicaragua are rented out for short times for …
Brief Report: Takayasu Arteritis and Ulcerative Colitis: High Rate of Co‐Occurrence and Genetic Overlap
Authors: Chikashi Terao, Takayoshi Matsumura, Hajime Yoshifuji, Yohei Kirino, Yasuhiro Maejima, Yoshikazu Nakaoka, Meiko Takahashi, Eisuke Amiya, Natsuko Tamura, Toshiki Nakajima, Tomoki Origuchi, Tetsuya Horita, Mitsuru Matsukura, Yuta Kochi, Akiyoshi Ogimoto, Motohisa Yamamoto, Hiroki Takahashi, Shingo Nakayamada, Kazuyoshi Saito, Yoko Wada, Ichiei Narita, Yasushi Kawaguchi, Hisashi Yamanaka, Koichiro Ohmura, Tatsuya Atsumi, Kazuo Tanemoto, Tetsuro Miyata, Masataka Kuwana, Issei Komuro, Yasuharu Tabara, Atsuhisa Ueda, Mitsuaki Isobe, Tsuneyo Mimori, Fumihiko Matsuda
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a systemic vasculitis affecting large arteries and large branches of the aorta. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a prevalent autoimmune colitis. Since TAK and UC share HLA–B*52:01 and IL12B as genetic determinants, and since there are case reports of the co‐occurrence of these diseases, we hypothesized that UC is a common complication of TAK. We undertook this study to perform a large‐scale analysis of TAK, both to evaluate the prevalence of concurrent cases of TAK and UC and to identify and estimate susceptibility genes shared between the 2 diseases. Methods We analyzed a total of 470 consecutive patients with TAK from 14 institutions. We characterized patients with TAK and UC by analyzing clinical manifestations and genetic components. Genetic overlapping of TAK and UC was evaluated with the use of UC susceptibility single‐nucleotide polymorphisms by comparing risk directions and effect sizes between susceptibility to the 2 diseases. Results Thirty of 470 patients with TAK had UC (6.4% [95% confidence interval 4.3–9.0]). This percentage was strikingly higher than that expected from the prevalence of UC in Japan. Patients with TAK complicated with UC developed TAK at an earlier stage of life ( P = 0.0070) and showed significant enrichment of HLA–B*52:01 compared to TAK patients without UC ( P = 1.0 × 10 −5 ) (odds ratio 12.14 [95% confidence interval 2.96–107.23]). The 110 non‐HLA markers of susceptibility to UC significantly displayed common risk directions with susceptibility to TAK ( P = 0.0054) and showed significant departure of permutation P values from expected P values ( P &lt; 1.0 × 10 −10 ). Conclusion UC is a major complication of TAK. These 2 diseases share a significant proportion of their genetic background, and HLA–B*52:01 may play a central role in their co‐occurrence.
Internet-based self-management in adolescents with asthma: The role of education, monitoring and symptom perception
Authors: Noor Rikkers-Mutsaerts, Thijs Beerthuizen, Ans Winters, Moira Bakker, Jaap Sont
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background

Internet-based self-management (IBSM) programs improve asthma control and asthma related quality of life in adults and adolescents. Education and monitoring of asthma control are important components of the IBSM intervention. Perception of symptoms seems crucial for adequate self-monitoring.

Aims

We hypothesized that improvement in asthma control and asthma related quality of life by IBSM is positively related to education, frequent monitoring and adequate perception.

Methods

Subgroup analysis of the intervention group of adolescents (12-18yr) with not well-controlled asthma who participated in a randomized controlled trial of IBSM (SMASHING). Asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire, ACQ) and asthma related quality of life (Pediatric Asthma Related Quality of Life Questionnaire, PAQLQ) were measured at baseline and 12 months.

Results

Adolescents attending education sessions had a significant and clinical relevant improvement in ACQ (difference -0.6, p=0.03), but not in PAQLQ (difference -0.45, p=0.15). Frequent monitoring alone did not improve ACQ and PAQLQ significantly, but the combination with education did improve ACQ (difference -0.88, p=0.02). There was no difference in outcomes between normo- and hypo-perceivers.

Conclusion

Education, especially in combination with frequent monitoring is an important determinant for asthma control in internet-based self-management programs for adolescents with not well-controlled asthma, whilst level of perception seems not a issue.
Evi3, a common retroviral integration site in murine B-cell lymphoma, encodes an EBFAZ-related Krüppel-like zinc finger protein
Authors: Søren Warming, Pentao Liu, Takeshi Suzuki, Keiko Akagi, Susan Lindtner, George N. Pavlakis, Nancy A. Jenkins, Neal G. Copeland
Journal: Blood (2003)
Global Perspective From International AIDS Society President Mark Wainberg
Authors: M A Wainberg
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gifts to Physicians From Industry-Reply
Authors: Oscar W. Clarke
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —When the Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs issued its guidelines on gifts from industry to physicians, it also issued a report to the American Medical Association's House of Delegates explaining its reasons for the guidelines. The report, which is available from the Office of General Counsel, described three potential problems with industry gifts, which include that physician practices might be influenced, there would be an appearance of impropriety, and the costs of gifts are borne by patients.<sup>1</sup> The council also recognized that gifts from industry have made important contributions to patient care. Industry supports medical research, continuing education conferences, and professional journals. Indeed, Dr Noble agrees that patients benefit when industry subsidizes medical journals by advertising in them and, therefore, that physicians should be able to accept the gift of reduced subscription rates. It is difficult, to understand Noble's conclusion that subsidies for journals are acceptable
Abstract 2811: Allogeneic cell cased vaccine development by shared antigen screening
Authors: Vadim V. Deyev, Neal Schilling, Taylor H. Schreiber
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The fundamental premise of allogeneic vaccines for cancer relies upon the presence of common antigens that are shared between established cell lines and a large proportion of patients with histologically related tumors. Recent results from The Cancer Genome Atlas have clearly demonstrated that somatic mutations in exon region DNA, while potentially immunogenic, do not result in the translation of antigenic proteins that are similar from patient to patient. Instead, these data reinforce the concept that dysregulation of common pathways contributes to the general property of de-differentiation in tumor cells and the acquisition of immature phenotypes as compared to untransformed precursor cells. This phenomenon leads to expression of mucinous and embryonal antigens, collectively known as cancer testis antigens, that are otherwise rare in mature tissues and to which central tolerance remains incomplete. We have developed allogeneic vaccines based on parallel screening of non-small cell lung, bladder, triple-negative breast, ovarian and melanoma tumor cell lines and patient tumor samples. The baseline expression of certain antigens, including SSX2, SSX4, CT10, MAGE-A1, MAGE-A10, LAGE-1 and NY-ESO-1 was found to vary widely both between tumor samples and non-transformed tissue controls. Among all antigens screened, MAGE-A3 was most commonly upregulated across transformed tissue samples, however other antigens including BAGE-1, XAGE-1b and MAGE-A10 were found to be most dramatically upregulated. This analysis provides a screening tool with which to appropriately profile and prioritize individual cell lines for vaccine development in histologically diverse tumor types. Citation Format: Vadim V. Deyev, Neal Schilling, Taylor H. Schreiber. Allogeneic cell cased vaccine development by shared antigen screening. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2811. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2811
Abstract 16865: Angioscopic and Serum Stent-Nonspecific Determinants of in-Stent Thrombosis After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Tadateru Takayama, Takafumi Hiro, Masafumi Akabane, Taro Kawano, Takashi Kanai, Hironori Haruta, Daisuke Kitano, Yuxin Li, Kanae Ikegami, Yasufumi Hayashida, Takafumi Inoue, Satoshi Saito, Atsushi Hirayama
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Drug-eluting stents (DES) are susceptible to late thrombosis due to delayed re-endothelialization over the stent struts. Coronary angioscopy can semi-quantitatively visualize the presen...
Abstract 2812: Predictors of Reinfarction Following PCI or Medical Management in Patients With Persistent Total Occlusion After Myocardial Infarction: Results from the Occluded Artery Trial (OAT)
Authors: Harvey D White, P G Steg, Vladimir Dzavik, Venu Menon, Harmony R Reynolds, Antonio C Carvalho, Bruce A Barton, Warren J Cantor, Mariusz Kruk, C E Martin, Camille A Pearte, Genell L Knatterud, Gervasio A Lamas, Judith S Hochman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : The Occluded Artery Trial (OAT) randomized 2201 patients (up to 28 days post MI) with an occluded infarct-related artery to either percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or medical treatment alone (MED). There was no difference in five-year life table event rates for the primary end point of death, reinfarction (ReMI) or heart failure. However in patients randomized to PCI there was a trend for an increase in adjudicated ReMI: 7.0% vs. 5.1%, HR 1.35 (95% CI: 0.92–1.99, p=0.12) and investigator-reported ReMI: 10.9% PCI vs 7.9% MED, HR 1.36, (95% CI: 0.98 –1.86, p=0.05). Aim : To determine independent predictors of ReMI. Methods : ReMIs were adjudicated and required two of the following: ischemic symptoms ≥30 min, ECG changes and marker elevation [creatinine kinase elevation 2x upper limit of normal (ULN), CKMB &gt;ULN or troponin 2x ULN; after PCI, CK or CK-MB 3x ULN and after surgery, CK or CK-MB 5x ULN]. Cox multivariable regression models were developed including baseline demographics, angiographic data, and discharge medications. P&lt;0.01 was considered significant for this secondary analysis. Results: Conclusions : In the OAT trial predictors of adjudicated ReMI were prior MI (before qualifying MI) and diabetes. The predictors were similar for both treatment groups and no single angiographic factor or effect of medication was identified. Adjudicated ReMI