tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HOW MUCH FRESH AIR DOES THE SCHOOL CHILD NEED?
Authors: THOMAS J. DUFFIELD
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Although credit is generally given to von Pettenkofer1for having been the first to point out the fallacy of Lavoisier's theory that the increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide was the cause of the discomfort that one experienced in overcrowded and overheated rooms, it was not until the classic experiments of Hermans2that the relative unimportance of changes in the chemical composition of the atmosphere as a result of human occupancy was clearly demonstrated and that emphasis was placed on the importance of the physical factors temperature and humidity.  It was not until another twenty years had passed and Flugge and his co-workers at Breslau3had published in 1905 the results of their exhaustive studies that this concept of the relative values of the physical and chemical condition of the air was generally accepted even by the closest students of ventilation. Since that date, however, the
A novel pancreatic endocrine tumor suppressor gene locus on chromosome 3p with clinical prognostic implications.
Authors: D C Chung, A P Smith, D N Louis, F Graeme-Cook, A L Warshaw, A Arnold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The molecular pathogenesis of pancreatic endocrine tumors is largely unknown. Such tumors are more likely to develop in individuals with the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) syndrome. We sought to determine whether allelic loss of the recently identified VHL tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 3p25-26 occurs in the more common sporadic forms of these tumors. Allelic loss on chromosome 3p was identified in 33% of 43 patients with endocrine tumors of the pancreas. The smallest common region of allelic loss, however, centered not at the VHL locus, but rather at 3p25, centromeric to VHL. Furthermore, no mutations of the VHL gene were identified in these tumors. Loss of alleles on chromosome 3p was associated with clinically malignant disease, whereas tumors with retained 3p alleles were more likely to be benign. Thus, the VHL gene does not appear to play a pathogenic role in the development of sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. Instead, a locus at chromosome 3p25 may harbor a novel pancreatic endocrine tumor suppressor gene, and allelic loss of this chromosomal region may serve as a molecular marker that helps distinguish benign from clinically malignant disease.
H3K79 Methylation Profiles Define Murine and Human MLL-AF4 Leukemias
Authors: Andrei V. Krivtsov, Zhaohui Feng, Madeleine E. Lemieux, Joerg Faber, Sridhar Vempati, Amit U. Sinha, Xiaobo Xia, Jonathan Jesneck, Adrian P. Bracken, Lewis B. Silverman, Jeffery L. Kutok, Andrew L. Kung, Scott A. Armstrong
Journal: Cancer Cell (2008)
Technetium-99m Uptake in Neonatal Breast
Authors: ROBERT W. HURST, BRIAN R. J. WILLIAMSON, REBECCA McGREGOR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

A 12-day-old girl was evaluated with a Meckel's scan (Pentagastrin 8 µg followed by 1.57 millicuries of Tc-99m pertechnetate) for bloody stools. Increased Tc-99m breast uptake was noted bilaterally. Increased uptake has been documented in lactating breasts as well as in hormonally stimulated non-lactiferous states from exogenous estrogen administration or amenorrheagalactorrhea. Uptake of Tc-99m in normal nonstimulated breasts does not seem to occur. Physiologic gynecomastia of the neonate appears responsible for neonatal breast uptake, a phenomenon that may cause confusion in imaging interpretation in patients of this age group.
Legal Frameworks for Addressing the Well-Being of Terminally Ill Children
Authors: Adrian M. Viens, Jeffrey R. Bibbee
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2005)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The authors would like to thank William Gilchrist and Stefanie Underwood for helpful advice on the content of this paper.▪ Notes 1. It is most likely that a terminally ill child will be cared for using a 504 plan, as a terminally ill child would have to possess a learning disability in order to have an IEP.
Abstract 4436: Neddylation of ribosomal protein S27-like and RPS27 regulates survival of breast cancer cells
Authors: Yongchao Zhao, Xiufang Xiong, Yi Sun
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Neddylation plays a distinct role in stabilization of a subset of ribosomal proteins. How ribosomal proteins are neddylated and whether their neddylation plays any biological roles in cell growth and survival remains elusive. Here we report that ribosomal protein S27-like (RPS27L) and its family member RPS27 is subjected to neddylation by MDM2 E3 ubiquitin ligase, and deneddylation by NEDP1. Disrupting neddylation with MLN4924, a newly discovered small molecule inhibitor of neddylation pathway, destabilized RPS27L and RPS27. Moreover, silencing of RPS27L and RPS27 sensitized breast cancer cells to MLN4924-induced apoptosis. Our results suggest that neddylation stabilizes RPS27L and RPS27, and confers the survival of breast cancer cells. Citation Format: Yongchao Zhao, Xiufang Xiong, Yi Sun. Neddylation of ribosomal protein S27-like and RPS27 regulates survival of breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4436. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4436
The absorption of radioactive vitamin B12 and the secretion of hydrochloric acid in patients with atrophic gastritis
Authors: M. G. Whiteside, D. L. Mollin, N. F. Coghill, A. W. Williams, B. Anderson
Journal: Gut (1964)

EDITORIAL SYNOPSIS This paper correlates the absorption of vitamin B12 with the gastric acidity and with the histological changes in the stomach of patients with simple atrophic gastritis who have no family history of pernicious anaemia.It demonstrates marked impairment of absorption of vitamin B12 in some of them.There is a good but by no means complete correlation between the severity of the gastric atrophy and the depression of gastric function.The bearing of this work on the pathogenesis of Addisonian pernicious anaemia is discussed.
Genetics and Science in the U.S.S.R
Authors: J. R. Hawkings
Journal: BMJ (1947)

nutritionist to make is that 2 .lg. of carotene is required to supply in an ordinary diet the equivalent. of 1 i.u. of vitamin A. This, incidentally, is a highly practical question and not an academic matter of figure manipulation.If a daily intake of 2,500 i.u. is required and 500 of these are supplied as preformed vitamin A, the amount of carotene needed in addition wi;ll be either 1,200 pg. or 4,000 Mig. per day, according as we take 0.6 Mug. or 2 pxg. to be equivalent to 1 i.u.
INACTIVATION OF EPINEPHRINE BY CERTAIN COLLOIDAL SILVER PREPARATIONS
Authors: J. D. PILCHER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

To lessen secretion, usually in acute nasal infections, epinephrine is often used locally, either alone or in combination with various supposedly antiseptic solutions, notably with silver protein preparations. As the majority of the silver preparations in solution liberate silver ions,<sup>1</sup>it would seem that they might inactivate the epinephrine, as epinephrine and other alkaloidal compounds are destroyed by many metallic salts. The investigation reported here was undertaken, therefore, to determine the duration of the action of epinephrine in such silver compounds. <h3>METHOD</h3> Epinephrine decreases nasal secretion, probably by lessening the circulation through local vasoconstriction. As vasoconstriction is readily determined by local blanching of the skin when epinephrine is introduced into the skin by scratching, this method was chosen to determine the epinephrine activity. For nasal application, epinephrine is commonly used in a strength of 1 part of the 1: 1,000 solution to 3 or 4 parts of the silver
Angiosarcoma of liver associated with phenelzine.
Authors: T K Daneshmend, G L Scott, J W Bradfield
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Angiosarcoma of liver associated with phenelzineAngiosarcoma of the liver is extremely rare.'It has been associated with thorium dioxide, organic arsenic, and vinyl chloride monomer.2Phenelzine (phenethylhydrazine; Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, causes angiosarcoma of the liver in mice.3We describe a woman who developed angiosarcoma while taking pheneizine. Case report
Integrins protect cardiomyocytes from ischemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Hideshi Okada, N. Chin Lai, Yoshitaka Kawaraguchi, Peter Liao, Jeffrey Copps, Yasuo Sugano, Sunaho Okada-Maeda, Indroneal Banerjee, Jan M. Schilling, Alexandre R. Gingras, Elizabeth K. Asfaw, Jorge Suarez, Seok-Min Kang, Guy A. Perkins, Carol G. Au, Sharon Israeli-Rosenberg, Ana Maria Manso, Zheng Liu, Derek J. Milner, Stephen J. Kaufman, Hemal H. Patel, David M. Roth, H. Kirk Hammond, Susan S. Taylor, Wolfgang H. Dillmann, Joshua I. Goldhaber, Robert S. Ross
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Ischemic damage is recognized to cause cardiomyocyte (CM) death and myocardial dysfunction, but the role of cell-matrix interactions and integrins in this process has not been extensively studied. Expression of α7β1D integrin, the dominant integrin in normal adult CMs, increases during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), while deficiency of β1 integrins increases ischemic damage. We hypothesized that the forced overexpression of integrins on the CM would offer protection from I/R injury. Tg mice with CM-specific overexpression of integrin α7β1D exposed to I/R had a substantial reduction in infarct size compared with that of α5β1D-overexpressing mice and WT littermate controls. Using isolated CMs, we found that α7β1D preserved mitochondrial membrane potential during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury via inhibition of mitochondrial Ca2+ overload but did not alter H/R effects on oxidative stress. Therefore, we assessed Ca2+ handling proteins in the CM and found that β1D integrin colocalized with ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2) in CM T-tubules, complexed with RyR2 in human and rat heart, and specifically bound to RyR2 amino acids 165-175. Integrins stabilized the RyR2 interdomain interaction, and this stabilization required integrin receptor binding to its ECM ligand. These data suggest that α7β1D integrin modifies Ca2+ regulatory pathways and offers a means to protect the myocardium from ischemic injury.
HIV Study Shines Spotlight on Women
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2010)

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Anemia and Its Relationship to Clinical Outcome in Heart Failure
Authors: Inder Anand, John J.V. McMurray, James Whitmore, Marshelle Warren, Anh Pham, Mark A. McCamish, Paul B.J. Burton
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Anemia is often observed in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), but its implications for patient outcomes are not well understood. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia, severity of CHF, and clinical outcomes.Hemoglobin concentration (Hb) was measured in 912 subjects with CHF enrolled in the Randomized Etanercept North American Strategy to Study Antagonism of Cytokines (RENAISSANCE) trial. In a subgroup of 69 subjects, cardiac MRI was performed at randomization and 24 weeks later. Anemia (Hb < or =12.0 g/dL) was present in 12% of subjects. Cox regression analysis indicated that for every 1-g/dL-higher baseline Hb, the risk of mortality was 15.8% lower (P=0.0009) and the risk of mortality or hospitalization for heart failure was 14.2% lower (P<0.0001). Greater CHF severity was associated with significantly lower Hb concentrations. An increase in Hb over time was associated with a decrease in left ventricular mass and lower mortality, whereas a decrease in Hb over time was associated with an increase in left ventricular mass and higher mortality. In multivariate analysis, anemia remained a significant, independent predictor of death or hospitalization for heart failure, with both outcomes being significantly higher in all NYHA classes.Anemia is frequently present in patients with CHF. Lower Hb is associated with greater disease severity, a greater left ventricular mass index, and higher hospitalization and mortality rates.
Effects of a water exercise programme on body composition, physical ability and pain in middle-aged obese women with knee osteoarthritis
Authors: T-U Kim, G-H Park
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of 10 weeks water exercise programme in the middle aged obese women with knee osteoarthritis. Subjects were 12 obese women with mean of 57 years of age, 156 cm height and 66.5 kg body weight. The water exercise programme consists of aquatic aerobic exercises with rating of perceived exertion 13-15 and 2 sets of 10 reps of aquatic resistance exercise. Body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and balance were measured before and after the water exercise treatment. And also subjective pains before and after the treatment of water exercises were measured using Visual Analogue Scale. Data were processed using SPSS V.13.0 program to obtain mean and SD values of the measurements. Mean different measurement between the pre- and post-tests within the group was verified through paired t test. There were significant differences between pre and postwater exercise in body mass (65.9±7.4 kg vs 64.0±6.8 kg), body mass index (27±3 kg/m 2 vs 26±3 kg/m 2 ), % body fat (36.4% vs 35.4%) and body fat mass. The water exercise programme alleviated the subjective pain (6±2 vs 3±2) of obese patients who were suffering osteoarthritis of the knee by improving those patients' muscular strength (53±10 kg vs 57±2 kg), muscular endurance (6±6 reps vs 12±7 reps), flexibility (12±6 s vs 16±6 s) and balance (8.9±6.9 s vs 17.9±12.3 s). This also led to positive influences on the patients' daily life activities. In conclusion, water exercise programme would be effective in variation of physical ability, body composition and pain relief of obese patients who have osteoarthritis in the knee.
"END-RESULTS FROM THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF HYPERTHYROIDISM"
Authors: H. M. Richter
Journal: JAMA (1928)

To the Editor:  —In their paper on this subject (The Journal, March 3), Drs. Frazier and Mosser make two statements that particularly interest me, since one includes a quotation from a recent paper of mine and the other is, for medical literature, a rather violent criticism of a statement which the authors seem to have thought I made. They say:  A statement in the recent literature by a prominent surgeon that he has never deliberately planned multiple operations requires no comment, as in the same article he admits not having had any experience with them.  It seems to me that the onus of proof of better results must lie with the surgeon who subjects his patients to additional operations.  Briefly, Drs. Frazier and Mosser, write that 146 patients were subjected to 177 operations. The ultimate failures numbered 3.4 per cent. They state that these 146 patients have been thoroughly followed
Differences in colonic tone and phasic response to a meal in the transverse and sigmoid human colon.
Authors: M J Ford, M Camilleri, J A Wiste, R B Hanson
Journal: Gut (1995)

It is not yet clear whether the regional differences in the physical properties of the colon influence its motor responses. Tonic and phasic colonic motility and compliance of the transverse and sigmoid colon were therefore assessed using a combined barostat-manometry assembly in 22 healthy subjects. Measured colonic compliance was corrected by subtraction of the compliance of the closed barostat system. The mean (SEM) preprandial colonic volumes in the transverse and sigmoid colon were similar (150 (12) and 128 (13) ml, p = NS), corresponding to calculated mean (SEM) colonic diameters of 4.3 cm and 4.0 cm respectively. The mean increase in colonic tone postprandially was significantly greater in the transverse (24.1% (3.5)) than in the sigmoid colon (13.1% (3.0), p &lt; 0.01). The mean increase in phasic contractility was significantly greater, however, in the sigmoid than in the transverse colon (1270 (210) and 425 (60) mm Hg/90 min respectively, p &lt; 0.01). Compliance was greater in the transverse than sigmoid colon (7.6 (0.44) and 4.1 (0.15) ml/mm Hg, p &lt; 0.001). The fasting volume of the colon was significantly correlated with the magnitude of the tonic response to the meal in the transverse and sigmoid colon (p &lt; 0.001 for both). In conclusion, there are quantitatively different but qualitatively similar phasic and tonic responses to the meal in the two colonic regions. Differences in the viscoelastic and luminal dimensions may partly account for these differences in tonic responses.
Pathologic and Molecular Heterogeneity in Imatinib-Stable or Imatinib-Responsive Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Narasimhan P. Agaram, Peter Besmer, Grace C. Wong, Tianhua Guo, Nicholas D. Socci, Robert G. Maki, Diann DeSantis, Murray F. Brennan, Samuel Singer, Ronald P. DeMatteo, Cristina R. Antonescu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common sarcoma of the intestinal tract. Nearly all tumors express KIT protein, and most have an activating mutation in either KIT or PDGFRA. Therapy with selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors achieves a partial response or stable disease in ∼80% of patients with advanced GIST. However, after an initial clinical response, some patients develop imatinib resistance. Our goal was to investigate the spectrum of pathologic response and molecular alterations in a group of GIST patients, clinically defined as having imatinib-stable/imatinib-responsive lesions, who underwent surgical resection. Experimental Design: Forty-three tumor nodules from 28 patients were available for pathologic and molecular analysis, which included genotyping for primary and secondary KIT/PDGFRA-mutations, cell cycle alterations, and biochemical activation status of KIT and downstream targets. The transcriptional changes of a subset of these tumors were compared with a group of imatinib-naive GISTs on a U133A Affymetrix expression platform. Results: The histologic response did not correlate with imatinib therapy duration or with proliferative activity. Second-site KIT mutation was identified in only one tumor nodule. Activation of KIT and downstream targets was consistent in all tumors analyzed. Ultrastructurally, a subset of tumors showed a smooth muscle phenotype, which correlated with overexpression of genes involved in muscle differentiation and function. Conclusions: The histologic response to imatinib is heterogeneous and does not correlate well with clinical response. Second-site KIT mutations are rare in imatinib-responsive GISTs compared with imatinib-resistant tumors. The gene signature of imatinib-response in GISTs showed alterations of cell cycle control as well as up-regulation of genes involved in muscle differentiation and function.
352 CAN WE USE TOGHETER TRANSIENT ELASTOGRAPHY (TE) AND ACOUSTIC RADIATION FORCE IMPULSE ELASTOGRAPHY (ARFI) TO IMPROVE FIBROSIS EVALUATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HCV HEPATITIS?
Authors: I. Sporea, R. Sirli, A. Popescu, R. Badea, M. Lupsor, M. Focsa, M. Danila, S. Bota
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Paranoid Psychosis With Sulindac
Authors: Richard Kruis
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Sulindac (Clinoril) is a recently marketed, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent that is chemically related to indomethacin. We report a case of sulindac-associated psychosis. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 53-year-old, married man with a previously stable personality was well until ten days before admission to the hospital. After his first golf game of the spring, he noted painful swelling in both hands and, shortly thereafter, pain in the right knee. Roentgenograms of the hands and knee were normal. The pain and swelling persisted, and two days before admission he began receiving sulindac, 150 mg twice daily. Four hours after the first dose, the patient exhibited bizarre behavior, characterized by obsessive talking about his "inside information" concerning the Bermuda Triangle. The number "3" also held special significance for him. He demonstrated paranoid behavior, becoming distrustful of family members and being physically combative. Results of the physical examination disclosed no abnormalities
Diagnosis of chronic hepatitis C after liver transplantation by the detection of viral sequences with polymerase chain reaction
Authors: John J. Poterucha, Jorge Rakela, Lawrence Lumeng, Chao-Hung Lee, Howard F. Taswell, Russell H. Wiesner
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Chronic hepatitis frequently occurs after liver transplantation. The role of hepatitis C virus infection in patients after liver transplantation is unknown, although antibodies to HCV are detected in some of these cases. The use of polymerase chain reaction techniques for the detection of hepatitis C virus RNA should improve sensitivity and specificity, particularly in these immunosuppressed patients. Our goal was to further clarify the role of hepatitis C virus infection in chronic hepatitis occurring after liver transplantation. Patients with chronic hepatitis of uncertain origin after transplantation were identified. Serum samples taken at the time of the most recent liver biopsy that showed chronic hepatitis were tested for anti-hepatitis C virus using enzyme-linked immunoassay and supplemented by recombinant immunoblot assay (recombinant immunoblot assay I and recombinant immunoblot assay II). The samples were also tested for the presence of hepatitis C virus RNA using polymerase chain reaction. Of the 25 patients with chronic hepatitis, 15 (60%) had hepatitis C virus RNA present. Only seven (47%) of these 15 patients had anti-hepatitis C virus detected. Hepatitis C virus is a major cause of chronic hepatitis occurring after liver transplantation. The magnitude of hepatitis C virus infection will be underestimated if only currently available assays for anti-hepatitis C virus are used.
Coarctation of the Aorta
Authors: Edward D. Maire
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

IN 1933 Sir Thomas Lewis1 expressed the following opinion: "So much has been written about coarctation of the aorta that new records of cases can have little value unless they reveal new features of interest and importance to the study of the condition." With this sentence he began a paper that — for completeness in both theoretical and practical considerations, as well as in the presentation of the anatomic, physiologic and clinical features — can well be used as a model by present day authors on any medical subject.The purpose of this paper is to report a case of . . .