tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low-Dose Cyclophosphamide Inhibition of Transplantable Fibrosarcoma Growth by Augmentation of The Host Immune Response&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P K Ray, S Raychaudhuri
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Preinjection of a low dose of cyclophosphamide (Cy) (500 microgram/mouse) either delayed or inhibited tumor appearance following the inoculation of transplantable 3-methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcomas in inbred male C3H/HeJ mice. This dose of Cy decreased the spleen weight by 13% and the total spleen cell count by 23%. However, the same dose could potentiate the footpad swelling reaction (FPSR) measured against Staphylococcus aureus antigen. Splenic lymphocytes from Cy-treated animals showed increased blastogenic response against phytohemagglutinin-M and bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Thus 500 micrograms Cy/animal may have depleted suppressor cell populations leading to: a) an increase in FPSR, b) increased blastogenic transformation of lymphocytes, and c) tumor growth inhibition.
Gram-negative prosthetic joint infection: outcome of a debridement, antibiotics and implant retention approach. A large multicentre study
Authors: D. Rodríguez-Pardo, C. Pigrau, J. Lora-Tamayo, A. Soriano, M.D. del Toro, J. Cobo, J. Palomino, G. Euba, M. Riera, M. Sánchez-Somolinos, N. Benito, M. Fernández-Sampedro, L. Sorli, L. Guio, J.A. Iribarren, J.M. Baraia-Etxaburu, A. Ramos, A. Bahamonde, X. Flores-Sánchez, P.S. Corona, J. Ariza
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Formation of Symbiotic Complex by Microenvironment-Dependent Mouse Leukemias and Thymic Epithelial Reticular Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Y Nishi, K Yoshikawa, H Hiai, K Notake, H Shisa, Y Nishizuka
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Developing thymic leukemias of the mouse have been assumed to form symbiotic complexes with thymic microenvironments. This symbiosis is morphologically based on pseudoemperipolesis (PEMP). The mechanism of the association of microenvironment-dependent leukemia cells with thymic epithelial reticular cells (TER) was analyzed in vitro by scanning electron microscopy, microcinematography, and a quantitative assessment of PEMP. PEMP was a consequence of active locomotion of the leukemia cells, with TER passively accepting the leukemia cells "crawling" under their cytoplasm. The integrity of the cytoskeletal system of both cells was essentially required for PEMP, since cytochalasins and colchicine were highly inhibitory to PEMP. The mechanism of action of these compounds was probably dual: inhibition of the locomotive movements of the leukemia cells. A similar inhibition of PEMP was also observed with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate.
Occupational Cancer of the Renal Tract: Recent Developments in Epidemiology and Legislation in Great Britain
Authors: Ronald Owen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Journal Article Occupational Cancer of the Renal Tract: Recent Developments in Epidemiology and Legislation in Great Britain Get access Ronald Owen, H.M. Ronald Owen, H.M. Medical Inspector of Factories, Department of Employment and Productivity, London, England Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 43, Issue 1, July 1969, Pages 253–254, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/43.1.253 Published: 01 July 1969
Inflammatory mediators contribute to pulmonary arterial cell dysfunction in a pulmonary arterial hypertension patient with BMPR2 mutation
Authors: Leanda Vengethasamy, Rozenn Quarck, Marion Delcroix
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptor ( BMPR2 ) gene have been observed in at least 70% of patients with heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension (HPAH) and in 11-40% with idiopathic PAH (IPAH). However all patients with   BMPR2   mutation do not develop PAH, suggesting the need for a second hit. Inflammation, also involved in the pathogenesis of PAH, could play such a role.  Our aim was to determine if inflammation, in addition to impaired BMPR2 signaling, could be involved in pulmonary arterial cells dysfunction in PAH.  Pre-capillary pulmonary arterial endothelial (EC) and smooth muscle cells (SMC) were isolated from lung parenchyma of transplanted patients with IPAH (n=2) and HPAH with a  BMPR2  mutation (n=1). Adhesion capacities of CRP- and TNFα-activated EC to human monocytic cells (U937) were investigated. Mitogenic activity of SMC was evaluated in the presence of CRP or of resting EC.  CRP increased adhesion of EC to U937 by 105% (IPAH) and 227% (HPAH). Similarly, TNFα increased adhesion by 249% and 635%. CRP increased mitogenic activity of SMC by 1.4-fold (IPAH) and 2.2-fold (HPAH) vs. control (0.2% FBS). Presence of resting pre-capillary EC increased SMC mitogenic activity by 2.6% (IPAH) and 8.6% (HPAH).  These results show that i) pre-capillary pulmonary arterial cells (EC and SMC) isolated from HPAH patient display enhanced adhesion capacities and mitogenic activity in the presence of inflammatory mediators and ii) a potential cross-talk between pre-capillary EC and SMC, suggesting that inflammation may contribute to pulmonary arterial cell dysfunction in PAH.
A Candidate-Pathway Approach to Identify Gene-Environment Interactions: Analyses of Colon Cancer Risk and Survival
Authors: Noha Sharafeldin, Martha L. Slattery, Qi Liu, Conrado Franco-Villalobos, Bette J. Caan, John D. Potter, Yutaka Yasui
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

Background:Genetic association studies have traditionally focused on associations between individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and disease. Standard analysis ignores interactions between multiple SNPs and environmental exposures explaining a small portion of disease heritability: the often-cited issue of "missing heritability."
Therapeutic plasma exchange in renal diseases.
Authors: F Madore, J M Lazarus, H R Brady
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

Plasma exchange has been used extensively for over 2 1/2 decades to treat a variety of renal diseases. In this article, the scientific rationale for therapeutic plasma exchange in primary and secondary glomerulonephritis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome, myeloma cast nephropathy, and allograft rejection are reviewed. The clinical studies that evaluate its efficacy are summarized, with special emphasis on the results of randomized controlled trials, when available. Consensus plasma exchange regimens are presented for diseases in which there is evidence to support its use.
Response from the hornet’s nest: furthering the debate on transplantation for alcoholic liver disease
Authors: Kerry Webb, Liz Shepherd
Journal: Gut (2007)

O’Grady’s leading article highlighted the ongoing debate surrounding liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease (ALD).1 As addiction specialists working in the area of liver transplantation in two other UK centres, we welcome his contribution to the debate, but take this opportunity to develop the argument further and challenge some of his arguments and assumptions.

O’Grady offers us the opportunity to once again consider the issue of liver transplantation for ALD in a more articulate way by providing a useful overview of some of the pros and cons of transplanting this population, as well as carefully highlighting some of the dilemmas. Nevertheless, there are some facets of his report which need further exploration and indeed challenging.

Firstly, we accept that disease recurrence in the first 7–10 years after transplant is negligible when directly compared with the recurrence rates in viral hepatitis C virus (HCV), but it is misleading to prove the efficacy of transplantation for one medical indication by looking at outcomes in another. Historically transplant centres have measured outcome in terms of 5-year graft survival; however, in >40 years of liver transplantation, surgical, medical and drug management regimens have improved considerably and, therefore, it is not unreasonable to expect much greater graft survival in the ALD population. The HCV versus ALD debate is a limited one.

Secondly, we accept that historically too much emphasis has been placed on apparently arbitrary tests to determine candidate selection on ALD, and it would be useful to know which arbitrary tests O’Grady is referring to and how he defines these. In the UK, the liver advisory group (LAG) guidelines on transplantation for ALD2 have at least offered transplant …
The rib cage and abdominal components of respiratory system compliance in tetraplegic patients
Authors: JM Goldman, SJ Williams, DM Denison
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

The specific compliance of the chest wall and lungs combined was measured in eight patients with stable tetraplegia. Expiration was impeded with a series of spring-loaded resistances, and end-expiratory pressures plotted against changes in chest wall volume at end-expiration. An optical contour mapping system was used to partition changes in chest wall volume into rib cage and abdominal components. These measurements suggest that the compliance of the whole system is reduced by one third in patients with stable tetraplegia, compared with normal subjects. This may be because of abnormal stiffening of the rib cage.
Serum-Mediated Escape From BeG-Potentiated Antitumor Immunity In Vivo2
Authors: Eugenia Hawrylko
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Serum-Mediated Escape From BeG-Potentiated Antitumor Immunity In Vivo Get access Eugenia Hawrylko Eugenia Hawrylko Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 2, August 1977, Pages 367–375, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.2.367 Published: 01 August 1977 Article history Received: 14 September 1976 Accepted: 01 March 1977 Published: 01 August 1977
Are systemic inflammatory markers predictive of loss of lean body mass in COPD patients
Authors: Tomas M.L. Eagan, Esteban Gabazza, Corina D'Alessandro-Gabazza, Jon A. Hardie, Per S. Bakke, Peter D. Wagner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Previous studies suggest a relationship between systemic inflammation and body composition in COPD.  Methods: We examined the relationships between four plasma inflammatory markers; C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNFα), and interleukins 1&6 (IL-1, IL-6) and body composition (fat free mass index (FFMI, kg/m2), and fat mass index (FMI, kg/m2)) in 409 stable COPD patients (aged 40-75, GOLD categories II-IV, 249 male) from the Bergen COPD Cohort Study in Western Norway. Levels of the four plasma markers were determined by enzymeimmunoassays (EIAs) from samples taken at baseline, and after one and two years of follow-up. FFMI and FMI were measured by bioelectrical impedance at baseline, and after one, two and three years.  Results: None of the four markers were significantly related to FFMI at baseline, either when modeled as categorical or continuous variables. CRP was significantly associated with FMI at baseline, where mean (SD) FMI in the three CRP categories 0-1 ug/mL, 1-4 ug/mL, and 4+ ug/mL was 8.1 (2.4), 10.8 (4.3), and 12.5 (5.5) in men and 6.6 (1.7), 7.4 (2.7), and 8.4 (3.0) respectively. TNFα, IL-1, and IL-6 showed no association with baseline FMI.  Examining the predictive value of the four markers for 3-yr change in body composition, no significant associations were found. For example, mean (SD) 3-yr change in FFMI was -0.09 (0.88), -0.23 (0.81), and -0.07 (0.90) in women (p=0.63) for the three CRP categories, and -0.12 (1.15), -0.22 (1.47), and 0.15 (1.71) in men (p=0.28).  Conclussion: Of the four systemic inflammatory markers CRP, TNF, IL-1, IL-6; CRP only was related to body composition (FMI, not FFMI) at baseline. No marker predicted change in FFMI or FMI.
Abstract 3665: Coronary Microvascular Resistance Estimated by a Novel Dual-Sensor (Pressure and Doppler Velocity) Guidewire Reflects Myocardial Viability After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Takashi Kubo, Takashi Masyo, Takashi Tanimoto, Takashi Yamano, Shigeho Takarada, Yoshiki Tomobuchi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Novel role for carbohydrate responsive element binding protein in the control of ethanol metabolism and susceptibility to binge drinking
Authors: Solenne Marmier, Renaud Dentin, Martine Daujat‐Chavanieu, Hervé Guillou, Justine Bertrand‐Michel, Sabine Gerbal‐Chaloin, Jean Girard, Sophie Lotersztajn, Catherine Postic
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) is central for de novo fatty acid synthesis under physiological conditions and in the context of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. We explored its contribution to alcohol-induced steatosis in a mouse model of binge drinking as acute ethanol (EtOH) intoxication has become an alarming health problem. Within 6 hours, ChREBP acetylation and its recruitment onto target gene promoters were increased in liver of EtOH-fed mice. Acetylation of ChREBP was dependent on alcohol metabolism because inhibition of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity blunted ChREBP EtOH-induced acetylation in mouse hepatocytes. Transfection of an acetylation-defective mutant of ChREBP (ChREBP(K672A) ) in HepG2 cells impaired the stimulatory effect of EtOH on ChREBP activity. Importantly, ChREBP silencing in the liver of EtOH-fed mice prevented alcohol-induced triglyceride accumulation through an inhibition of the lipogenic pathway but also led, unexpectedly, to hypothermia, increased blood acetaldehyde concentrations, and enhanced lethality. This phenotype was associated with impaired hepatic EtOH metabolism as a consequence of reduced ADH activity. While the expression and activity of the NAD(+) dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1, a ChREBP-negative target, were down-regulated in the liver of alcohol-fed mice, they were restored to control levels upon ChREBP silencing. In turn, ADH acetylation was reduced, suggesting that ChREBP regulates EtOH metabolism and ADH activity through its direct control of sirtuin 1 expression. Indeed, when sirtuin 1 activity was rescued by resveratrol pretreatment in EtOH-treated hepatocytes, a significant decrease in ADH protein content and/or acetylation was observed.our study describes a novel role for ChREBP in EtOH metabolism and unravels its protective effect against severe intoxication in response to binge drinking.
Bone Metastases: Molecular Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Interventions
Authors: Dionysios J. Papachristou, Efthimia K. Basdra, Athanasios G. Papavassiliou
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2010)

Abstract It has been long recognized that skeleton represents one of the most favored metastatic sites for common cancers like breast and prostate. During the last decade the molecular mechanisms that are responsible for the development of bone metastasis have been gradually illuminated. It appears that the bone microenvironment has a pivotal role in this process. Metastatic tumor cells interact with bone triggering a cascade of molecular events that produce osteolytic and/or osteoblastic phenomena. In this review, we summarize and discuss the most significant factors and signaling pathways implicated in bone colonization. Moreover, based on the recent literature and data, we foresee the need for designing novel agents that will efficiently disrupt these interactions among cancer cells and bone microenvironment, bringing hope for more effective treatments. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 32, No. 3, 611–636, 2012
High-dose chemotherapy with autologous transplantation for persistent/relapsed ovarian cancer: a multivariate analysis of survival for 100 consecutively treated patients.
Authors: P J Stiff, R Bayer, C Kerger, R K Potkul, D Malhotra, D J Peace, D Smith, S G Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

To examine the prognostic factors associated with prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in 100 consecutively treated women undergoing autologous stem-cell transplant for advanced ovarian cancer.From October 1989 to February 1996, we transplanted 100 patients with ovarian cancer following chemotherapy with high-dose carboplatin, mitoxantrone, and cyclophosphamide with or without cyclosporine (n = 70); melphalan and mitoxantrone with or without paclitaxel (n = 25); or other regimens (n = 5). Their median age was 48 years (range, 23 to 65), 70% had papillary serous histology, 72% had grade III tumors, 66% were platinum-resistant, and 61% had > or = 1 cm bulk. The median number of prior regimens was two (range, one to six). Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine age (< v > or = mean), stage, initial bulk, histology, grade, response to initial therapy, number of prior regimens, time from diagnosis to transplant, transplant regimen, platinum sensitivity, and bulk (< v > or = 1 cm) at transplant.The median PFS and OS times for the 100 patients were 7 and 13 months. A stepwise Cox proportional hazards model identified tumor bulk (P = .0001), and cisplatin sensitivity (P = .0249) as the best predictors of PFS. Age (P = .0017), bulk at transplant (P = .0175), and platinum sensitivity (P = .0330) provided the best prediction of OS. The median PFS and OS times for the 20 patients with platinum-sensitive, < or = 1-cm disease were 19 and 30 months. No differences in OS were seen when chemotherapy or surgery was used to achieve a minimal disease state.Before consideration of high-dose therapy for recurrent/persistent advanced ovarian cancer, patients should undergo debulking surgery or chemotherapy to achieve a minimal disease state. Patients with platinum-resistant, bulky disease should not be transplanted. The optimal patients for this therapy may be those with minimal disease responsive to initial chemotherapy.
Cervical lymphadenitis: tuberculosis or tularaemia?† †This study was presented as an oral presentation at the 4th Eurasia Congress of Infectious Diseases. 1–5 June 2011, Bosnia –Herzegovina.
Authors: O. Karabay, S. Kilic, S. Gurcan, T. Pelitli, A. Karadenizli, H. Bozkurt, S. Bostanci
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)
Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) in COPD: A comparison between two endobronchial valves systems
Authors: Kelvin Hsu, Steven Chung, Jonathan Williamson, Matthew Peters, Alvin Ing
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Patients with severe heterogeneous emphysema, may benefit from ELVR.

Aims: To compare the effects of 2 different endobronchial valve systems on lung function, exercise tolerance and quality of life.

Methods: The Intra Bronchial Valve (IBV Olympus) has recently been introduced into Australia. We report on the first 8 patients undergoing IBV ELVR, and compare these results with 8 patients who underwent ELVR with the Zephyr Valve (EBV- Pulmonx) during the same period. All 16 patients had heterogeneous emphysema, complete left oblique fissures, and underwent ELVR of the left upper lobe. All had lung function, 6MWT and SGRQ pre ELVR, and at 1 and 3 months post ELVR.

Results: There were no significant differences between the 2 groups (IBV vs EBV) in age [70.6(8.8) vs 68.1(6.7) yrs] or baseline FEV1 [37.5(11.3) vs 33.4(10.4) %]. The IBV group recorded significant improvements in FEV1: 1 month [11.2(8.1)% p<0.002], 3 month [17.32(11.1)% p<0.001], as did the EBV group: 1 month [17.9(8.1)% p<0.05], 3 month [21.5(23.5)% p<0.02]. There were no significant differences in FEV1 improvement between the 2 groups at 1 or 3 months. Significant improvements were also noted in 6MWT at 3 months in both groups [IBV 32.8(26.9)% p<0.001; EBV 36.9(17.4)% p<0.01]. SGRQ improved in both groups at 3 months [IBV -26.5(25.2)% p<0.001; EBV – 21.7(14.0)% p<0.001]. There were no significant differences between groups at 1 or 3 months for 6MWT or SGRQ . 

Conclusion: ELVR improves lung function, exercise tolerance and quality of life in carefully selected COPD patients. There were no differences in outcomes between groups.
Plasma-Cell Tumor Induction in (NZB × BALB/c)F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; Hybrid Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Gideon Goldstein, Noel L. Warner, Margaret C. Holmes
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

NZB mice regularly develop autoantibody to their red cells. BALB/c mice develop plasma cell tumors after the intraperitoneal injection of paraffin. Hence, 31 (NZB × BALB/c)F1 hybrid mice were given intraperitoneal paraffin to determine whether they would develop a plasma cell tumor-producing autoantibody. At 16 months 3 mice had developed a positive direct Coombs' test, 3 mice had died and were not tested, 8 mice had developed plasma cell tumors and had a negative direct Coombs' test, and the remaining 17 had a negative direct Coombs' test. Of the 8 plasma cell tumors, 7 were established as transplantable lines: 4 tumors produced γA-mycloma protein, 1 produced γG1-myeloma protein, 2 produced γG2a-myeloma protein, and 1 produced γG2b-myeloma protein. NZB and BALB/c mice have differing immunoglobulin isoantigens (allotypes). Hence these plasma cell tumors, which produce large quantities of relatively homogeneous immunoglobulin, will facilitate the analysis of the genetic control of immunoglobulin isoantigens (allotypes) in mice.
Genome-wide association study of triglyceride response to a high-fat meal among participants of the NHLBI Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN)
Authors: Mary K. Wojczynski, Laurence D. Parnell, Toni I. Pollin, Chao Q. Lai, Mary F. Feitosa, Jeff R. O’Connell, Alexis C. Frazier-Wood, Quince Gibson, Stella Aslibekyan, Kathy A. Ryan, Michael A. Province, Hemant K. Tiwari, Jose M. Ordovas, Alan R. Shuldiner, Donna K. Arnett, Ingrid B. Borecki
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
Strategies for the Optimization of Natural Leads to Anticancer Drugs or Drug Candidates
Authors: Zhiyan Xiao, Susan L. Morris‐Natschke, Kuo‐Hsiung Lee
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2015)

Abstract Natural products have made significant contribution to cancer chemotherapy over the past decades and remain an indispensable source of molecular and mechanistic diversity for anticancer drug discovery. More often than not, natural products may serve as leads for further drug development rather than as effective anticancer drugs by themselves. Generally, optimization of natural leads into anticancer drugs or drug candidates should not only address drug efficacy, but also improve absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) profiles and chemical accessibility associated with the natural leads. Optimization strategies involve direct chemical manipulation of functional groups, structure–activity relationship directed optimization and pharmacophore‐oriented molecular design based on the natural templates. Both fundamental medicinal chemistry principles (e.g., bioisosterism) and state‐of‐the‐art computer‐aided drug design techniques (e.g., structure‐based design) can be applied to facilitate optimization efforts. In this review, the strategies to optimize natural leads to anticancer drugs or drug candidates are illustrated with examples and described according to their purposes. Furthermore, successful case studies on lead optimization of bioactive compounds performed in the Natural Products Research Laboratories at UNC are highlighted.