tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Celebrating the ACP Centennial: From theAnnalsArchive—Measles and Vaccination
Authors: Deborah Cotton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Editorials5 May 2015Celebrating the ACP Centennial: From the Annals Archive—Measles and VaccinationFREEDeborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy EditorDeborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-0182 SectionsAboutVisual AbstractPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail During the 2015 centennial year of the American College of Physicians, publisher of Annals of Internal Medicine, Annals editors will link an article in each issue with an earlier paper from our archives addressing the same disease or clinical question. We hope our readers find this interesting and we welcome comments, especially from physicians who were practicing at the time of publication of the original paper who might offer insight into the impact of the earlier paper on their knowledge or practice.In this issue (1), Halsey and Salmon discuss reasons for the continued occurrence of measles in the United States despite the availability of highly effective vaccines.Before the development of live attenuated vaccines in the 1960s and 1970s, measles was a ubiquitous and feared infection in children that could result in serious complications and death. In 1928, Cooke (2) described in detail the only prophylactic approach available at that time—passive immunization of high-risk children exposed to measles by intramuscular injection of serum from patients who had recently had the disease.Deborah Cotton, MD, MPHDeputy EditorReferences1. Halsey NA, Salmon DA. Measles at Disneyland, a problem for all ages. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:655-6. doi:10.7326/M15-0447 LinkGoogle Scholar2. Cooke JV. Specific prophylactic measures in varicella and measles. Ann Intern Med. 1928;2:518-23. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-2-6-518 LinkGoogle Scholar Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoSpecific Prophylactic Measures in Varicella and Measles JEAN V. COOKE Measles at Disneyland, a Problem for All Ages Neal A. Halsey and Daniel A. Salmon Measles at Disneyland, a Problem for All Ages Neal A. Halsey and Daniel A. Salmon Metrics 5 May 2015Volume 162, Issue 9Page: 657KeywordsArchivesAttenuated vaccinesChildrenIntramuscular injectionsMeaslesPediatric infectionsVaccines ePublished: 5 May 2015 Issue Published: 5 May 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Concern mounts about Welsh cardiology services as consultants leave
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The Welsh Office has been asked to intervene and persuade two heart specialists to stay in Wales. The Welsh secretary of state, Ron Davies, has also been urged to look at taking over the running of the tertiary paediatric cardiology services in the principality after the decisions of the two consultants to leave.

Paediatricians are concerned that the loss of surgeon Mr Francesco Musumeci and cardiologist Dr Graham Stuart will have a serious impact on services in Wales. Mr Musumeci says …
Abstract 16393: Right Ventricular Energetics and Power in Pulmonary Regurgitation vs. Stenosis Using Four-Dimensional Phase-Contrast Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Shelby Kutty, Joao Filipe Fernandes, Filipe Konecny, Yunbin Xiao, John Lof, Titus Kuehne, James Hammel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: We investigated kinetic energy (KE) and power efficiency in porcine models of pressure and volume loaded right ventricle (RV) using four-dimensional phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4DPC-MRI). Methods: 4DPC-MRI was performed in pig models of pulmonary stenosis (PS) and pulmonary regurgitation (PR) at baseline and at 10-12 weeks of creation of the model, in conjunction with cardiac catheterization. Phase-contrast velocities were computed over 1 cardiac cycle (25 time-steps, MevisFlow and CAIPI, Fraunhofer MEVIS, Germany), with segmentation of a moving left ventricle mask based on cine images. The segmented mask was applied to the respective calculated 3D velocity vector field per time-step. Mean KE and KE curve profiles were measured, normalized for RV volumes and compared between PS and PR groups. Catheterization pressures and pressure-volume loops (Transonic Scisense Inc.) were used to calculate RV stroke work (RVSW) and stroke power. RV power efficiency was calculated as the ratio between RV power output and stroke power. Results: Eight pigs (4 PS and 4 PR) were studied. Table shows demographics, volumetry, KE and power data compared between groups. Both groups had similar KE pre-procedure but significant changes in KE post-procedure. In addition, the PR group had higher RV power efficiency and KE (87.1%±14.3%; 23.5±5.3, respectively) than PS group (21.4%±15.7%; 10.9±3.9) post-procedure. Conclusions: Volume loaded RV from PR had higher KE and power efficiency compared to pressure load from PS. These parameters represent the KE of blood in the RV and the net energy transferred into the pulmonary artery over one cardiac cycle. PS and PR groups have different RV work load, and they operate at different energy levels.
Abstract 13614: Left Atrial Appendage Closure Significantly Reduces the Incidence of Post-operative Cerebrovascular Accidents in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: Analysis Based on a Single Center Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Tai Iwamura, Tomoko S Kato, Hiroshi Nakamura, Yasutaka Yokoyama, Kenji Kuwaki, Terumasa Morita, Hirotaka Inaba, Taira Yamamoto, Atsushi Amano
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Post-operative cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been considered as a major risk factor of CVA. Since the left atrial appendage (LAA) is the main source of emboli, we have performed simultaneous LAA closure or amputation (LAAC) in all patients with enlarged left atrium except for those contraindicated. In the present study, we investigated the effect of LAAC on preventing post-operative CVA. Methods: The study prospectively enrolled 1856 consecutive patients (69.1% male, mean age 66.8±12.2 year old) undergoing cardiac surgery between January 2009 and October 2013 at our institution, including 805 cases (43.3%) of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) and 803 cases (43.3%) of valvular surgery. The incidence of early post-operative CVA in patients with and without LAAC was compared. We further stratified patients according to their risk of CVA using CHA2DS2-VASc score; dichoto...
Nobels Honor Research on Ulcer Microbe, “Green” Drug Production Method
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The novel ascomycin derivative SDZ ASM 981 is effective for psoriasis when used topically under occlusion
Authors: None Mrowietz, None Graeber, None BRÄutigam, None Thurston, None Wagenaar, None Weidinger, None Christophers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Topical SDZ ASM 981 has been found to be highly effective in preclinical models of T-cell-mediated skin disease. T cell activation is crucial in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. It has been hypothesized that SDZ ASM 981 may prove to be an effective treatment for chronic plaque psoriasis. Therefore, the study objective was to determine the efficacy, tolerability and safety of the new topical macrolactam, SDZ ASM 981, for chronic plaque psoriasis. Ten patients with chronic plaque-type psoriasis were treated with SDZ ASM 981 (0.3% and 1.0%), the corresponding ointment base (placebo) and open-labelled clobetasol-17-propionate ointment (0.05%) in a randomized, double-blind, within-subject comparison for 2 weeks using the microplaque assay. Evaluation was performed by daily determination of clinical scores for erythema and induration. The results of the study showed that, after 2 weeks of treatment, total scores decreased by 92% for clobetasol, by 82% for 1% SDZ ASM 981, by 63% for 0.3% SDZ ASM 981 and by 18% for the ointment base (placebo). No adverse drug effects were seen in any patient throughout the study. We conclude from our results that the new macrolactam SDZ ASM 981 (1%) is similar to clobetasol-17-propionate (0.05%) in plaque-type psoriasis when applied topically under occlusion for 2 weeks using the microplaque assay.
Abstract BL-2: What relevance have hormones for breast cancer in the genomic era?
Authors: Mitchell Dowsett
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Neoadjuvant treatment of primary breast cancer provides an excellent scenario for integrating biomarker, clinical and pharmacological studies as well as being a valued treatment option for patients with primary breast cancer. ER+ breast cancer may be treated with either cytotoxic or endocrine therapy. Measurements of changes in proliferation and apoptosis have provided insights into the mechanisms of response to these agents. In both settings decreases in proliferation as measured using Ki67 as a biomarker occur in patients responding to treatment. In endocrine treatment the reduced proliferation occurs early and persists for many weeks appearing to be the main driver of response. Apoptosis is not increased but continues at a slightly reduced rate and leads to tumour shrinkage in a scenario in which cell replacement is now markedly attenuated. Changes in Ki67 induced by endocrine therapy have been validated as intermediate end-points reflecting long term benefit from treatment. In contrast the changes in Ki67 with cytotoxic therapy are best explained by a selective loss of more proliferative cells due to increased apoptotic death. Prognosis of patients is strongly influenced by the Ki67 in the residual disease at surgery. The integration of Ki67 with Residual Cancer Burden to form a Residual Proliferative Cancer Burden provides an attractive new end-point which may have generalisable applicability across different treatments. In all of these studies as well as others on multiple other biomarkers it is critical to understand the degree of reproducibility in tissue biopsies that most often sample less than 1% of the sometimes heterogenous tumour bed. Examples of the impact of this on expression profiles and exomic analyses will be shown. Citation Format: Mitchell Dowsett. What relevance have hormones for breast cancer in the genomic era? [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr BL-2.
19. The Transcapsidation of AAV Serotypes
Authors: Joseph E. Rabinowitz, Dawn E. Bowles, Susan M. Faust, Julie G. Ledford, Scott E. Cunningham, R. Jude Samulski
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The ability to pseudotype enveloped viruses enables the recombinant genome of one variety of virus to transduce cells susceptible to another kind of virus. Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) which lack an envelope cannot be pseudotyped according to this strict definition. Instead the capsid components (Vp1, Vp2, and Vp3) from the different serotypes should be able to be mixed during production and used to transcapsidate rAAV genomes. Whether the resulting mixed viruses exhibited altered or novel transduction profiles can be evaluated.
The Insulin Coefficient, an Improved Method for the Clinical Control of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: John R. Williams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 September 1931The Insulin Coefficient, an Improved Method for the Clinical Control of Diabetes MellitusJOHN R. WILLIAMS, M.D., F.A.C.P.JOHN R. WILLIAMS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-5-3-264 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe diagnosis and treatment of diabetes are as yet on an unsatisfactory basis. In advanced cases the diagnosis is easy but in the border-line and doubtful groups a clinical problem is presented which is very difficult of solution. The finding of sugar in the urine to a large group of physicians is prima facie evidence of diabetes, although it has been clearly established that sugar and other reducing substances may be found in the urine in a number of conditions other than diabetes.With the advent of blood chemical methods a few years ago, blood sugar assumed high importance in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, N.Y.*Presented at the Baltimore meeting of the American College of Physicians, March 24, 1931. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byQuantitative relationship between insulin dosage and amount of carbohydrates utilized in diabetic persons 1 September 1931Volume 5, Issue 3Page: 264-273KeywordsBloodBlood sugarDiabetes mellitusInsulinUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13770: DWS as an Index of Myocardial Stiffness and a Predictor of Heart Failure Outcome in Patients with Chronic Beta-blockade Therapy
Authors: Yuko Soyama, Toshiaki Mano, Shinichi Hirotani, Mitsuru Masaki, Miho Fukui, Shohei Fujiwara, Masataka Sugahara, Kazuo Komamura, Masaaki L Kawabata, Takeshi Tsujino, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Diastolic dysfunction determines symptoms and prognosis in patients with left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Diastolic wall strain (DWS) is associated with poor outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. However, the utility of DWS is still unknown in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Our aim is to determine whether DWS is predictive of the outcome in HFrEF. Methods: We studied 54 HFrEF patients (LVEF&lt;50%) and followed DWS as an index of myocardial stiffness for 6 months after the induction of beta blockade (Bisoprolol 2.5-10 mg / day). DWS was determined in the LV M-mode echocardiogram using the following equation: DWS = {(LV posterior wall thickness at end-systole - LV posterior wall thickness at end-diastole) / LV posterior wall thickness at end-systole}. We followed for 7years after the induction of beta-blockade. Results: DWS increased after the induction of beta-blockade (0.32±0.11 vs 0.25±0.12,p&lt;0.05). DcT, EF and E’ also increased after the induction of beta-blockade. HR at rest and log BNP decreased following beta blockade. Patients with DWS ≤ median (0.25) before the induction of beta-blockade had higher rate of HF hospitalization than those with DWS &gt;median during 7 years (Log-rank p =0.025). DcT, EF, E’, HR at rest and log BNP before the induction of beta blockade were not significant predictors of HF outcome (Log-rank p=0.263, 0.504, 0.0796, 0.289 and 0.877) respectively. Conclusions: Induction of beta-blockade provided an improvement in DWS. DWS might be useful as an index of myocardial stiffness to predict the outcomes in HFrEF patients with chronic beta-blockade therapy.
Histological Technique: For Normal Tissues, Morbid Changes and the Identification of Parasites.
Authors: H. M. Carleton, E. H. Leach, Frederic Haynes
Journal: JAMA (1927)

An acquaintance with histological methods is a necessity for most biological research workers whether they are required to carry out their own technical work or to instruct others to do it for them.We consider this book to be a valuable guide for those commencing to gain experience in a subject which is full of contradictions, arbitrary statements and empirical procedures.It summarizes the more important information which is scattered in the literature and in several larger works on histological technique.
Abstract 262: Women Are Less Likely to Be Resuscitated than Men
Authors: Marieke T Blom, Jocelyn Berdowski, Abdennasser Bardai, Hanno L Tan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: There is a gender disparity in utilization of and benefit from health care. In various fields of medicine, women underuse the health care system and seem to benefit less when accessing health care than men. We aimed to study whether access to and outcome after out-of-hospital cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) differs between men and women. Methods: We performed a population-based cohort study of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) cases before EMS arrival between 2006 and 2012. By using death certificate data of the national statistics service, we identified all cardiac out-of hospital deaths in the same period. Persons aged &lt;20 years were excluded. First, we calculated the Mantel-Haenzel odds ratio (OR-MH) for gender and chance of a resuscitation attempt, while weighing the number of persons per age-category. Second, neurologically intact survival (NI-survival) after resuscitation attempt was regressed on gender in the total group and stratified according to score on resuscitation parameter. Third, multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the independent association between gender and shockable initial rhythm. Results: We identified 22,443 OHCAs (52.8% male), and recorded 6,038 CPR attempts after OHCA of cardiac cause (72.5% male). Men have a significantly higher chance of receiving a resuscitation attempt than women (pooled OR-MH 1.63, 95%CI 1.52-1.75, p&lt;0.001). Women benefited less from CPR than men; NI-survival was higher in men compared to women (20.4% vs. 13.0%, OR 1.71, 95%CI 1.46-2.01, p&lt;0.001). The gender gap in survival was explained by a lower incidence of a shockable initial rhythm in women (48.8% vs. 34.4%). Gender was independently associated with presence of a shockable initial rhythm (OR 1.83, 95%CI 1.60-2.09, p&lt;0;001); so were CPR parameters. Conclusions: Women are less likely than men to receive CPR by EMS in case of OHCA. When women do receive CPR, they have lower chance of survival. The survival disparity is gender related and can only partly be explained by CPR circumstances.
906. Successful Functional Correction of T Cells from Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Patients with Lentiviral Vectors
Authors: Loïc Dupré, Francesco Marangoni, Antonia Follenzi, Sara Trifari, Silvana Martino, Shigeru Tsuchiya, Claudio Bordignon, Luigi Naldini, Alessandro Aiuti, Maria Grazia Roncarolo
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is an X-linked primary immunodeficiency with a median survival of 10 years of age due to infections, severe hemorrhages, and lymphomas. WAS is caused by mutation in the gene encoding the WAS protein (WASP). It is expressed exclusively in hematopoietic cells, and its function is to promote de novo nucleation of actin filaments, thereby regulating chemotaxis, adhesion, and phagocytosis of hematopoietic cells. WASP-deficient T cells have defects in proliferation, IL-2 production and lipid raft levels, and are thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from HLA-identical sibling donors is a resolutive treatment, but is available for a minority of patients. Transplantation of genetically-corrected autologous HSC could represent an alternative treatment applicable to all patients. To this aim, we investigated whether WAS gene transfer could restore normal functions of patients' T cells in vitro, and in vivo in WASP-KO mice.
Abstract 11798: The Usefulness of Combined Assessment of E/e’ Ratio and Transmitral Flow Pattern to Interpret Cardiac Condition
Authors: Masayoshi Oikawa, Atsushi Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Yamauchi, Satoshi Suzuki, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Kazuhiko Nakazato, Hitoshi Suzuki, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: High mitral inflow E velocity to tissue Doppler e’ ratio (E/e’) is implicated as increased left ventricular (LV) filling pressure, but it is not always consistent with clinical findings. Early (E) and late (A) diastolic filling velocity ratio (E/A) is also used to evaluate LV diastolic function and filling pressure, but the usefulness of combined assessment of E/e’ and E/A is not fully understood. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1266 patients who underwent echocardiography to assess cardiac function between January 2013 to March 2014 in our hospital. The patients were grouped based on the values of E/e’ (low E/e’&lt;15, high E/e’≥15) and E/A (low E/A≤0.8, high E/A&gt;0.8). Results: First, we analyzed a role of E/A in the setting of high E/e’ condition. The low E/A with high E/e’ group (n=95) displayed lower tricuspid regurgitant pressure gradient (TRPG, 22 [16-28] mmHg vs. 29 [23-38] mmHg, P&lt;0.01) and smaller inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter (12 [10-15] mm vs. 14 [11-17] mm, P&lt;0.01) than the high E/A with high E/e’ group (n=136), suggesting that low E/A indicated controlled fluid retention even with high E/e’. We next investigated the role of E/e’ in the situation of low E/A state. Compared to the low E/A with low E/e’ group (n=584), the low E/A with high E/e’ group showed similar TRPG (22 [16-28] mmHg vs. 21 [17-26] mmHg, ns), similar IVC diameter (12 [10-15] mm vs. 12 [10-15] mm, ns), but larger LV end-diastolic diameter (48 [42-52] mm vs. 45 [40-50] mm, P&lt;0.01), larger left atrial volume (53 [38-67] ml vs. 41 [29-54] ml, P&lt;0.01), lower LV ejection fraction (59 [47-66]% vs. 63 [57-67]%, P&lt;0.01), and slower LV systolic velocity (5.9 [4.9-7.3] cm/s vs. 7.8 [6.5-9.5] cm/s, P&lt;0.01), indicating that high E/e’ was a predictor of LV remodeling and dysfunction in the situation of low E/A condition. Conclusions: The low E/A indicated controlled fluid retention regardless of E/e’ value. A high E/e’ reflected LV remodeling and dysfunction. Thus, we conclude that combined assessment of E/e’ and E/A is useful to interpret cardiac condition.