tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P387: Length of Stay Among Medicare Beneficiaries Hospitalized with Heart Failure
Authors: Emily B Levitan, Melissa K Van Dyke, Ligong Chen, Meredith L Kilgore, Todd M Brown, Raegan W Durant, Monika M Safford
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Heart failure (HF) is among the most common reasons for hospitalization in the United States. Hospital length of stay (LOS) is a driver of cost and disease burden. Objectives: To examine factors associated with LOS of HF hospitalizations. Methods: Medicare beneficiaries with fee-for-service and pharmacy coverage who had HF hospitalizations (inpatient claims with ≥1 overnight stay/2 hospital days with HF as the primary discharge diagnosis, discharged alive) between 2007 and 2011 were identified in the Medicare national 5% sample. The median and interquartile range (IQR) LOS was calculated by demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and discharge status based on Medicare claims data with the Kruskal-Wallis test to compare distributions in the overall population with HF (n = 45,584) and in the subpopulation with documented systolic dysfunction (n = 10,256). Results: The median LOS was 5 days (range 2-255, IQR 4-8 days) in the overall HF population and 5 days (range 2-204, IQR 4-8 days) in those with systolic dysfunction. Across most demographic characteristics and comorbidities, the median LOS was 5 days but was higher among nursing home residents and individuals with malnutrition in both groups and with chronic kidney disease in those with systolic dysfunction ( Figure ). All comorbidities were associated with a shift in the distribution toward longer LOS in the population with systolic dysfunction and all but coronary heart disease in the overall population (p &lt; 0.001). HF patients discharged to a skilled nursing facility had longer LOS (median 7 days, IQR 5-10 days) versus other discharge statuses (median 5 days, IQR 3-7 days, p &lt; 0.001) in both populations. Conclusions: In patients hospitalized for HF, the median LOS was 5 days across most comorbidities and other characteristics, but comorbidities were associated with a shift in the upper tail of the distribution toward longer LOS. Worse functional status (nursing residence or discharge to a skilled nursing facility) was associated with a higher median LOS.
Discriminative dictionary learning for abdominal multi-organ segmentation
Authors: Tong Tong, Robin Wolz, Zehan Wang, Qinquan Gao, Kazunari Misawa, Michitaka Fujiwara, Kensaku Mori, Joseph V Hajnal, Daniel Rueckert
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2015)

An automated segmentation method is presented for multi-organ segmentation in abdominal CT images. Dictionary learning and sparse coding techniques are used in the proposed method to generate target specific priors for segmentation. The method simultaneously learns dictionaries which have reconstructive power and classifiers which have discriminative ability from a set of selected atlases. Based on the learnt dictionaries and classifiers, probabilistic atlases are then generated to provide priors for the segmentation of unseen target images. The final segmentation is obtained by applying a post-processing step based on a graph-cuts method. In addition, this paper proposes a voxel-wise local atlas selection strategy to deal with high inter-subject variation in abdominal CT images. The segmentation performance of the proposed method with different atlas selection strategies are also compared. Our proposed method has been evaluated on a database of 150 abdominal CT images and achieves a promising segmentation performance with Dice overlap values of 94.9%, 93.6%, 71.1%, and 92.5% for liver, kidneys, pancreas, and spleen, respectively.
Effect of a second generation alpha2delta ligand, pregabalin on visceral sensation: a randomised controlled pilot study.
Authors: Houghton La, Fell C, Whorwell Pj, Jones I, Sudworth Dp, J D Gale
Journal: Gut (2007)

BACKGROUND: Visceral hypersensitivity is an important pathophysiological factor in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Pre-clinical studies suggest that the alpha(2)delta ligand pregabalin reduces both visceral allodynia and hyperalgesia, but is inactive on basal sensitivity. AIM: To assess the effect of pregabalin on the perception of rectal distension in hypersensitive IBS patients. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with Rome-II-defined IBS (aged 18-46 years, 7 male) were included in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in which they received either 3 weeks oral pregabalin (titrated: 50 mg tid days 1-3, 100 mg tid days 4-7, 150 mg tid days 8-11; fixed 200 mg tid days 12-21 +/-4) or placebo control. Rectal sensitivity was assessed using a barostat technique, in which sensory thresholds were determined using the ascending method of limits, followed by tracking both before and after treatment. Only patients with a pain threshold of <or=28 mmHg were included in the study. RESULTS: Pregabalin significantly increased the sensory thresholds from baseline for first sensation (p = 0.045), desire to defecate (p = 0.008) and pain (p = 0.048) compared with placebo control. In addition, pregabalin significantly increased rectal compliance (p<0.0001), although this appeared to be unrelated to the changes in sensitivity. Despite the occurrence of mild dizziness and somnolence, pregabalin was generally well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: Pregabalin increased distension sensory thresholds to normal levels in IBS patients with rectal hypersensitivity. A concomitant increase in rectal compliance appeared to be unrelated to the reduction in sensitivity. These data suggest that alpha(2)delta ligands are worthy of further investigation in the treatment of visceral pain disorders, including IBS.
The Holy Family With Saints Elizabeth and John the Baptist
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 279: Effects of 2,3-Butanedione Monoxime Administration During Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Ischemic Contracture and Resuscitability in a Pig Model of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: ByungKook Lee, Kyung Woon Jeung, Sung Soo Choi, Sang Wook Park, Seong-Woo Yun, Sung Min Lee, Tag Heo, Yong Il Min
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Ischemic contracture compromises hemodynamic effectiveness of cardiopulmonary resuscitaton (CPR) and resuscitability. 2,3-Butanedione monoxime (BDM) reduced ischemic contracture by inhibiting actin-myosin cross-bridge formation in an isolated heart model. We investigated the effects of BDM on ischemic contracture and resuscitation outcomes in a pig model of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Methods: After 15 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation followed by 8 min of basic life support, sixteen pigs were randomized to receive either 2 ml·kg -1 of BDM solution (25 g·l -1 ) (BDM group) or 2 ml·kg -1 of saline (control group) during advanced cardiac life support (ACLS). ACLS was continued until restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) or until 12 min had lapsed since the start of ACLS. To obtain a long axis view of left ventricle (LV) using a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe during CPR, a skin incision was made to the right of the xiphoid process and a pocket extending 4-5 cm under the sternum was made to ensure a free passage of the TEE probe. The primary outcome was ROSC and the secondary outcomes were LV wall thickness and chamber area. Results: There was a trend toward a higher rate of ROSC in the BDM group (8 of 8 versus 4 of 8, p = 0.077). During the ACLS, the control group showed an increase in LV wall thickness from 10.0 cm (10.0-10.8) to 13.0 cm (13.0-13.0) and a decrease in LV chamber area from 8.13 cm 2 (7.59-9.29) to 7.47 cm 2 (5.84-8.43). In contrast, the BDM group showed a decrease in the LV wall thickness from 10 cm (9.0-10.8) to 8.5 cm (7.0-9.8) and an increase in the LV chamber area from 9.86 cm 2 (7.22-12.39) to 12.15 cm 2 (8.02-14.40). Mixed model analyses on LV wall thickness and LV chamber area revealed significant effects for group and significant group-time interactions. Conclusions: BDM administered during cardiopulmonary resuscitation reversed ischemic contracture and tended to improve the resuscitability in a pig model of OHCA.
Gohieria fusca (GF) and Chortoglyphus arcuatus (CA)*1Allergenic properties of two mite species
Authors: H. Muesken, J.T. Franz, A.R.R. Heutelbeck, T. Schulz, P. Tuchola, U. Schlensog, E. Hallier, K.C. Bergmann
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Policy Targets Lowering SIDS Incidence
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FDA Warns on Mercury in Tuna
Authors: Marianne S Stephens, Jay P Overmyer, Elmer W Gray, Ray Noblet
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Personnel from several black fly control programs have reported that the efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelesis (Bti) is reduced during periods when algal concentrations are high in the waterways. Although the reduction in Bti-induced mortality in black fly larvae is presumed to be related to the presence of algae, no scientific data support this theory. In this study, 4 genera of algae (Microcytis, Scenedesmus, Dictrosphaerium, and Chlorella) commonly detected in Pennsylvania rivers where Bti-induced mortality in black fly larvae has been reduced were assessed to determine their respective effects on Bti-induced mortality by using an orbital shaker bioassay with laboratory-reared black fly larvae (Simulium vittatum cytospecies IS-7). A significant reduction in Bti-induced mortality was observed when Scenedesmus was present in the flasks at concentrations > or = 16,000 cells/ml. The Bti-induced mortality of larvae was not significantly reduced when Chlorella, Dictyosphaerium, or Microcytis was present in the flasks, even at concentrations > or = 250,000 cells/ml. These results indicate that the presence of certain types of algae can reduce the mortality of black flies exposed to Bti. Although not clearly defined, the mechanisms involved may be related to algal morphology due to overall size and structures associated with certain types of algae, and possible interference with feeding.
CALCAREOUS PANCREATITIS; REPORT OF THREE CASES WITH AUTOPSIES
Authors: Joseph G. Pasternack
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 November 1943CALCAREOUS PANCREATITIS; REPORT OF THREE CASES WITH AUTOPSIESJOSEPH G. PASTERNACK, M.D.JOSEPH G. PASTERNACK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-5-757 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA casual survey of the literature on diseases of the pancreas discloses surprising periodic surges of interest in this organ, some of which have been epochal. As our familiarity with pancreatic disorders increases, functional tests and diagnostic aids evolve and existing ones are used more critically.Roentgenologic exploration of the abdomen is not yet on the same plane of precision and importance as the chest plate. Our knowledge and interpretation of anomalous shadows in the abdomen consequently have not attained the same diagnostic reliability. However, the increasing frequency of reports on pancreatolithiasis in the last few years is an indication...Bibliography1. EDMONDSONFIELDS HAIA: Relation of calcium and lipids to acute pancreatic necrosis, Arch. Int. Med., 1942, lxix, 177-190. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. SNELLCOMFORT AMMW: The incidence and diagnosis of pancreatic lithiasis, Am. Jr. Digest. Dis., 1941, viii, 237-243. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. DRYTESSMER TJCF: Postmortem findings in cases of diabetes, Minnesota Med., 1941, xxiv, 96-105. Google Scholar4. BEAZELLSCHMIDTIVY JMRCAC: The diagnosis and treatment of achylia pancreatica, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1941, cxvi, 2735-2739. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Staten Island, New York*Received for publication July 6, 1942.From the Department of Pathology, U. S. Marine Hospital, Staten Island, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTuberculosis Occurring in the Course of Chrosic Calcereous PancreatitisComparative Study of Cystic Fibrosis of the Pancreas and Chronic Calcareous Pancreatitis; Three Case Reports of Calcareous Pancreatitis 1 November 1943Volume 19, Issue 5Page: 757-767KeywordsArmed forcesAutopsyPancreasPancreatitisThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Temporary Heart Pump Approved
Authors: Rita Rubin
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2510: A porphodimethene chemical inhibitor of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase
Authors: Kenneth W. Yip, Zhan Zhang, Noriko Sakemura-Nakatsugawa, Jui-Wen Huang, Shijun Yue, Yulia Jitkova, Terence To, Emil Pai, Aaron Schimmer, Jonathan Lovell, Jonathan Sessler, Fei-Fei Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROD), a heme biosynthetic pathway enzyme that converts uroporphyrinogen to coproporphyrinogen, was recently identified as a potential anticancer target. UROD inhibition leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), likely mediated by the Fenton reaction, which decreases cancer cell viability and sensitizes cells to cisplatin and radiation. Because there is no known chemical UROD inhibitor suitable for translational research, we aimed to design, synthesize, and characterize such a compound. In silico design and docking was used to identify a potential porphyrin analogue. Subsequent synthesis produced a porphodimethene (named PI-16) that inhibited UROD in an enzymatic assay (IC50 = 9.9 µM). PI-16 did not affect porphobilinogen deaminase (at 62.5 µM), thereby exhibiting some specificity. In cellular assays, PI-16 reduced FaDu and ME-180 cancer cell viability with half maximal effective concentrations of 22.7 µM and 26.9 µM, respectively, whereas normal oral epithelial (NOE) cells were only minimally affected. PI-16 combined effectively with cisplatin and radiation, with potent synergy being observed with cisplatin (Chou-Talalay combination index &amp;lt; 1). This work presents the first known synthetic UROD inhibitor, and sets the foundation for the design, synthesis, and characterization of higher affinity and more effective compounds. Citation Format: Kenneth W. Yip, Zhan Zhang, Noriko Sakemura-Nakatsugawa, Jui-Wen Huang, Shijun Yue, Yulia Jitkova, Terence To, Emil Pai, Aaron Schimmer, Jonathan Lovell, Jonathan Sessler, Fei-Fei Liu. A porphodimethene chemical inhibitor of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2510. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2510
Alterations of p16INK4A, Rb and cyclin D1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Sung Young Kwon, Hye-Soon Kim, Yu Na Kang, Keun Gyu Park, Kun Young Kwon, Sang Sook Lee, Sang Pyo Kim, Mi Sun Choe, Hye Ra Jung, Sang Geol Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

2861 

Alterations of p16INK4A, Rb and cyclin D1 in papillary thyroid carcinoma 

Introduction: The tumor-suppressor Rb in its hypophosphorylated form acts as a cell cycle regulator for G1 arrest and abnormalities in the p16/cyclin D1/Rb pathway has been thought to be important in human neoplasia. p16INK4A is inactivated by several different ways including hypermethylation of the promoter. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between expressions of p16INK4A, Rb and cyclin D1 and methylation status of p16INK4A in papillary thyroid cancer.

Materials and Methods : Thirty six surgically resected papillary thyroid carcinoma cases at Dongsan medical center, Keimyung university from 2003 to 2005 were included in this study. We examined the promoter hypermethylation of p16INK4A and evaluated immunohistochemical analysis of p16INK4A, Rb and cyclinD1 expression.

Results: Aberrant hypermethylation of 5’ CpG islands of the p16 gene promoter was detected in 17(47.2%) of 36 cases. Rb immunostaining was detected in 10(27.8%) of 36 cases and p16INK4A protein was lost in 18(50%) of 36 cases. Overexpression of cyclinD1 immunostaining was found in 27(75%) of 36 cases. There was an inverse relationship between Rb and p16INK4A immunostaining (p<0.026), and was a strong direct correlation between Rb and CyclinD1 immunostaining (p<0.0001). With the exception of a case, p16INK4A promoter hypermethylation correlated significantly with loss of p16INK4A protein expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (p<0.0001).

Conclusions: These data suggest that promoter hypermethylation is a major mechanism in the inactivation of p16INK4A in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, alterations in the p16/CyclinD1/Rb pathway are supposed to be very important in papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Risk factor thresholds: their existence under scrutiny
Authors: M R Law
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The method of loci is one, if not the most, efficient mnemonic encoding strategy. This spatial mnemonic combines the core cognitive processes commonly linked to medial temporal lobe (MTL) activity: spatial and associative memory processes. During such processes, fMRI studies consistently demonstrate MTL activity, while electrophysiological studies have emphasized the important role of theta oscillations (3–8 Hz) in the MTL. However, it is still unknown whether increases or decreases in theta power co-occur with increased BOLD signal in the MTL during memory encoding. To investigate this question, we recorded EEG and fMRI separately, while human participants used the spatial method of loci or the pegword method, a similarly associative but nonspatial mnemonic. The more effective spatial mnemonic induced a pronounced theta power decrease source localized to the left MTL compared with the nonspatial associative mnemonic strategy. This effect was mirrored by BOLD signal increases in the MTL. Successful encoding, irrespective of the strategy used, elicited decreases in left temporal theta power and increases in MTL BOLD activity. This pattern of results suggests a negative relationship between theta power and BOLD signal changes in the MTL during memory encoding and spatial processing. The findings extend the well known negative relation of alpha/beta oscillations and BOLD signals in the cortex to theta oscillations in the MTL.
Still Life With Jar, Cup, and Apples
Authors: M Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal