tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Necrotic cervicitis due to primary infection with the virus of herpes simplex.
Authors: R. R. Willcox
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Fiala, M., and Kenny, G. E. (1966). J. Bact., 92, 1710. Hamre, D., Connelly, A. P., and Procknow, J. J. (1966). Amer. J. Epidem., 83, 238. Higgins, P. G. (1966). Mth Bull. Minist. Hlth Lab. Sew., 25, 283. Hoorn, B. (1966). Acta path, microbiol. scand., 66, Suppl. No. 183. Hoorn, B., and Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1966). Arch. ges. Virusforsch., 18, 210. Kendall, E. J. C, Bynoe, M. L., and Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1962). Brit. med. J., 2, 82. Medical Research Council Working Party (1965). Brit. med. J., 2, 319. Phillips, C. A., Melnick, J. L., and Grim, C. A. (1965). Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.), 119, 843. Stott, E. J., and Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1968). Arch. ges. Virusforsch., 22, 417. Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1963). Amer. Rev. resp. Dis., 88, Pan 2, p. 128. Tyrrell, D. A. J. (1967). Proceedings of P.A.H.O. Conference, p. 659. First International Conference on Vaccines against Viral and Rickettsial Diseases of Man. Tyrrell, D. A. J., and Almeida, J. D. (1968). Arch. ges. Virusforsch. In press. Tyrrell, D. A. J., and Blamire, C. J. (1967). Brit. J. exp. Path., 48, 217. Tyrrell, D. A. J., and Bynoe, M. L. (1961). Brit. med. J., 1, 393. Tyrrell, D. A. J. and Bynoe, M. L. (1965). Brit. med. J., 1, 1467. Tyrrell, D. A. J., and Bynoe, M. L. (1966). Lancet, I, 76.
Intersession Variability in Single-Breath Diffusing Capacity in Diabetics without Overt Lung Disease
Authors: Michael B. Drummond, Pamela F. Schwartz, William T. Duggan, John G. Teeter, Richard J. Riese, Richard C. Ahrens, Robert O. Crapo, Richard D. England, Neil R. MacIntyre, Robert L. Jensen, Robert A. Wise
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

American Thoracic Society guidelines state that a 10% or greater intersession change in diffusing capacity of the lung (DL(CO)) should be considered clinically significant. However, little is known about the short-term intersession variability in DL(CO) in untrained subjects or how variability is affected by rigorous external quality control.To characterize the intersession variability of DL(CO) and the effect of different quality control methods in untrained individuals without significant lung disease.Data were pooled from the comparator arms of 14 preregistration trials of inhaled insulin that included nonsmoking diabetic patients without significant lung disease. A total of 699 participants performed repeated DL(CO) measurements using a highly standardized technique. A total of 948 participants performed repeated measurements using routine clinical testing.The mean intersession absolute change in DL(CO) using the highly standardized method was 1.45 ml/minute/mm Hg (5.64%) compared with 2.49 ml/minute/mm Hg (9.52%) in the routine testing group (P < 0.0001 for both absolute and percent difference). The variability in absolute intersession change in DL(CO) increased with increasing baseline DL(CO) values, whereas the absolute percentage of intersession change was stable across baseline values. Depending on the method, 15.5 to 35.5% of participants had an intersession change of 10% or greater. A 20% or greater threshold would reduce this percentage of patients to 1 to 10%.Intersession variability in DL(CO) measurement is dependent on the method of testing used and baseline DL(CO). Using a more liberal threshold to define meaningful intersession change may reduce the misclassification of normal variation as abnormal change.
Cigarette smoking and risk of cataracts
Authors: J. J. Harding
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To the Editor.  —I was fascinated by the reports of two prospective studies on cataract and cigarette smoking, and the accompanying Editorial in JAMA . However, I find two problems that I hope can be resolved. In the US Physicians Health Study, the analysis for smoking is based on 557 incident cataracts among 371 participants out of the 17824 physicians who did not report cataract at baseline, and who provided complete risk factor information. 1 The same data had been analyzed previously for aspirin consumption, but then only 353 incident cataracts were claimed in the 21 316 physicians who did not report cataract at baseline. 2 The later analysis has excluded more physicians but identified 204 more cataracts, although the definition of cataract appears to be the same: confirmed, age-related cataract lowering visual acuity to 20/30 or worse without another ocular disease to account for the visual loss. How can that
Determinants of Medical Care — A Plan for the Future
Authors: Charles F. Code
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Abstract The medical profession is no longer the determinant of its destiny. The American public is demanding ready access to the best medical care, and the Government is responding. Shortages of manpower and changes in the modes of practice have developed because the capacity to recognize, prevent and treat illness has expanded so tremendously in the last 60 years. In addition, improved methods of transportation and communication have altered the geographic requirements of health facilities. The basic elements of an integrated system of medical practice visualized for the future are regionalization, health-care units of integrated practice throughout a region, and one or more health centers, integrated in practice, education and research with these units. The health system must provide not just for the prevention and treatment of illness but also for the education of those who deliver the care, and for support of the research through which it is improved.
Pim-1 regulates cardiomyocyte survival downstream of Akt
Authors: John A Muraski, Marcello Rota, Yu Misao, Jenna Fransioli, Christopher Cottage, Natalie Gude, Grazia Esposito, Francesca Delucchi, Michael Arcarese, Roberto Alvarez, Sailay Siddiqi, Gregory N Emmanuel, Weitao Wu, Kimberlee Fischer, Joshua J Martindale, Christopher C Glembotski, Annarosa Leri, Jan Kajstura, Nancy Magnuson, Anton Berns, Remus M Beretta, Steven R Houser, Erik M Schaefer, Piero Anversa, Mark A Sussman
Journal: Nature Medicine (2007)
The Bard&lt;sup&gt;&amp;reg;&lt;/sup&gt; BTA Test: Its Mode of Action, Sensitivity and Specificity, Compared to Cytology of Voided Urine, in the Diagnosis of Superficial Bladder Cancer
Authors: Denis H.J. Schamhart, Theo M. de Reijke, Henk G. van der Poel, J. Alfred Witjes, Elizabeth C. de Boer, Karl-Heinz Kurth, Jack A. Schalken
Journal: European Urology (1998)
Reabsorption of sodium in the proximal renal tubule in cirrhosis of the liver.
Authors: L Chiandussi, E Bartoli, S Arras
Journal: Gut (1978)

Proximal tubular reabsorption was examined in patients with liver cirrhosis and ascites by a variety of indirect methods. Maximal diluting ability, urine flow rate, and free water clearance were reduced. During frusemide administration V/GFR was lower than in normal control subjects, indicating that proximal fractional reabsorption is enhanced in liver cirrhosis. This, by reducing Na delivery to the loop of Henle, impairs maximal urine osmolality. Mannitol, by reducing proximal reabsorption, restores availability of Na to the loop and urine concentrating ability during osmotic diuresis, whereas volume expansion with dextran was ineffective. This could be due to a persistent increase in renal vascular resistance preventing the rise in interstitial pressure responsible for driving fluid back into the proximal tubular lumen.
Memo from a marketing consultant
Authors: J. O. Drife
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Now that the NHS is Britain's largest provider of private health care, it should start running television commercials. It is unfair that your competitors advertise nationally while you do not. The campaign should promote the NHS as a whole. Sainsbury's stores don't advertise individually, do they?

Commercials aim at creating a positive image in the public mind. A few organisations, like Marks & Spencer, thought that they could do without this but are now changing their minds. The NHS certainly needs help. The media aren't continually telling potential customers that Marks & Spencer is a shambles.

Advertising also promotes self confidence among employees. About …
Transmissibility of the Ice Bucket Challenge among globally influential celebrities: retrospective cohort study
Authors: M. Y. Ni, B. H. Y. Chan, G. M. Leung, E. H. Y. Lau, H. Pang
Journal: BMJ (2014)

To estimate the transmissibility of the Ice Bucket Challenge among globally influential celebrities and to identify associated risk factors.Retrospective cohort study.Social media (YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, Instagram).David Beckham, Cristiano Ronaldo, Benedict Cumberbatch, Stephen Hawking, Mark Zuckerberg, Oprah Winfrey, Homer Simpson, and Kermit the Frog were defined as index cases. We included contacts up to the fifth generation seeded from each index case and enrolled a total of 99 participants into the cohort.Basic reproduction number R0, serial interval of accepting the challenge, and odds ratios of associated risk factors based on fully observed nomination chains; R0 is a measure of transmissibility and is defined as the number of secondary cases generated by a single index in a fully susceptible population. Serial interval is the duration between onset of a primary case and onset of its secondary cases.Based on the empirical data and assuming a branching process we estimated a mean R0 of 1.43 (95% confidence interval 1.23 to 1.65) and a mean serial interval for accepting the challenge of 2.1 days (median 1 day). Higher log (base 10) net worth of the participants was positively associated with transmission (odds ratio 1.63, 95% confidence interval 1.06 to 2.50), adjusting for age and sex.The Ice Bucket Challenge was moderately transmissible among a group of globally influential celebrities, in the range of the pandemic A/H1N1 2009 influenza. The challenge was more likely to be spread by richer celebrities, perhaps in part reflecting greater social influence.
A PILOT STUDY OF P-2647, A NEW BENZOQUINOLIZINE DERIVATIVE EMPLOYED AS A PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC AGENT IN 44 CASES OF OVERT ANXIETY
Authors: MARSHALL E. SMITH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

P-2647, a new benzoquinolizine derivative, is structurally related to reserpine and tetrabenazine. It appears to possess unique ability to suppress conditioned avoidance behaviour without releasing central amines. In this pilot study, P-2647 was administered to 44 anxious patients. Of these, 39 reported definite and significant reduction in anxiety. With the exception of mild sedation, no side effects were reported. The results suggest that this new benzoquinolizine possesses a degree of psychotherapeutic activity and safety that makes it worthy of further investigation.
THE PHYSICIAN AND THE FEDERAL NARCOTIC LAW
Authors: H. J. ANSLINGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1946)

Dr. Morris Fishbein in his introduction to a series of articles printed in the Journal of the American Medical Association in 1931 on the Indispensable Use of Narcotic Drugs, has presented to the medical profession some excellent suggestions dealing with the general professional use of narcotic drugs. If all physicians would accept and conscientiously follow these suggestions, which are quoted below, irregularities in prescribing and dispensing narcotic drugs by physicians would be reduced to a minimum. The problem of narcotic addiction merits the attention of physicians for many reasons. The control by statute of the prescribing of alcohol, and the definite limitations of the amount prescribed, indicates that the medical profession must do everything possible to minimize the prescribing of narcotics in order to make unnecessary further restrictive measures. Physicians should give more serious consideration to the materia medica, pharmacology and therapeutics of narcotics. Physicians may, by the exercise of more thought in practicing, do much to avoid censure in relation to narcotic addiction. They may substitute, whenever possible, non-habit-forming drugs in the place of morphine or other opium alkaloids. When narcotics are indispensable, however, as shown in this series of articles, no more should be administered than is necessary to achieve the desired end. Patients requiring daily administration should be seen often by the doctor and the amount of drugs ordered or supplied should not exceed that required by the patient until seen again. Independence of administration on the part of nurses should be strictly limited to prescription and any change in treatment should be in writing.
Abstract LB-6: Non-covalent assembly of meso-tetra-4-pyridyl porphine with single-stranded DNA to form nano-sized complexes with pH-dependent DNA release and anti-tumor activity.
Authors: William H. Gmeiner, Supratim Ghosh, Kamil B. Ucer, Richard T. Williams, Ralph D'Agostino, Ken Grant, Joseph Sirintrapun, Michael Thomas, Roy Hantgan, Manish Bharadwaj
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Porphyrin-based nanomaterials frequently require non-physiological conditions to promote non-covalent assembly limiting therapeutic utility. In the present studies, we demonstrate that single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) modulates non-covalent assembly of meso-tetra-4-pyridyl porphine (MTP) and that the resulting porphyrin:DNA nano-sized complexes (PDN) are stable indefinitely in aqueous solution under physiologically relevant conditions and undergo pH-dependent DNA release under moderately acidic conditions (pH 5.1) that protonate the pyridyl nitrogens of MTP. The biological utility of pH-dependent DNA release from PDN was demonstrated by endosomal release of DNA in cancer cells. PDN formation is DNA-dependent with the ratio of porphyrin:DNA being approximately two DNA nucleobases per porphyrin consistent with half the pyridyl side chains of MTP interacting with DNA nucleobases. Raman spectra display surface-enhanced features for the porphyrin in the context of PDN consistent with π-π stacking of porphyrins and DNA nucleobases being a principal driving force for PDN assembly, a result also consistent with enhanced PDN dissociation in more hydrophobic solvent systems. PDN produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a light-dependent manner under conditions that favor dissociation, such as in hydrophobic environments as occurs upon endocytosis or in the presence of hydrophobic solvents. PDN induce light-dependent cytotoxicity in vitro and anti-tumor activity towards bladder cancer xenografts in vivo. Light-dependent, PDN-mediated cell death resulted from ROS-mediated localized membrane damage with mass spectrometry confirming the generation of the lipid peroxidation products9- and 13-hydroxy octadecanoic acid. Our results demonstrate that PDN have properties useful for therapeutic applications, including cancer treatment. Citation Format: William H. Gmeiner, Supratim Ghosh, Kamil B. Ucer, Richard T. Williams, Ralph D'Agostino, Ken Grant, Joseph Sirintrapun, Michael Thomas, Roy Hantgan, Manish Bharadwaj. Non-covalent assembly of meso-tetra-4-pyridyl porphine with single-stranded DNA to form nano-sized complexes with pH-dependent DNA release and anti-tumor activity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-6. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-LB-6
THE RÔLE OF THE TENDO ACHILLIS IN THE ETIOLOGY OF WEAK-FOOT
Authors: EMIL S. GEIST
Journal: JAMA (1913)

It is a modern conception that weak-foot, or flat-foot, (insufficientia pedis—Schanz) is primarily caused by a loss of balance of the muscles of the leg and foot; that the interference with the proper function of these various groups of muscles which is caused by abuse, disuse, injury or disease, will be followed by weakness of one or more of these muscular groups; that from this there results a disturbed relationship of function between the various individual muscles of the leg, and finally impairment of the carrying power of the foot. Huebscher<sup>1</sup>has shown that the group of muscles forming the Achilles tendon (gastrocnemius, soleus and plantaris), has the same volume as all the remaining muscles of the leg combined and probably for that reason has approximately the same relative strength. It is not to be wondered at that interference with the proper function of this powerful group of muscles,
Deficiency of protein C in patients with portal vein thrombosis
Authors: Hector Orozco, Edmundo Guraieb, Takeshi Takahashi, Guadalupe Garcia-Tsao, Rafael Hurtado, Roger Anaya, Guillermo Ruiz-Arguelles, Jorge Hernandez-Ortiz, Marco A. Casillas, Luis Guevara
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Portal vein thrombosis has been considered idiopathic in 50% of cases reported in adults. Protein C deficiency is a recently described disorder characterized by a predisposition to develop thromboembolic disease. We report the findings in two patients with portal hypertension and bleeding varices due to portal vein thrombosis in whom a deficiency of protein C was present. Both cases were very similar, with a history of recurrent episodes of systemic thromboembolic disease, mesenteric venous thrombosis that required intestinal resection and upper gastrointestinal bleeding from gastroesophageal varices. Portal hypertension as well as portal vein thrombosis were demonstrated. The hematologic work-up revealed a deficiency of protein C. Both patients were subjected to the Sugiura procedure, and anticoagulation was instituted thereafter. At the time of surgery, a liver biopsy was performed, which was reported as “normal.” Two years and 3 months, respectively, after surgery both patients are in good condition. We conclude that protein C deficiency should be investigated in all cases of portal vein thrombosis, especially in those with a history of thromboembolic disease elsewhere.
A study of the tissue iron status of patients with alopecia areata
Authors: M.I. White, J. Currie, M.P. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Journal Article A study of the tissue iron status of patients with alopecia areata Get access M.I. White, M.I. White Department of Dermatology, Aberdeen Royal Hospitals NHS Trust, Aberdeen AB9 2Z, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Currie, J. Currie Department of Haematology, Aberdeen Royal Hospitals NHS Trust, Aberdeen AB9 2Z, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.P. Williams M.P. Williams Department of Haematology, Aberdeen Royal Hospitals NHS Trust, Aberdeen AB9 2Z, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 130, Issue 2, 1 February 1994, Pages 261–263, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb02917.x Published: 01 February 1994
Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy Is Associated With Atherosclerosis Progression in Women With Abnormal Glucose Tolerance
Authors: Barbara V. Howard, Judith Hsia, Pamela Ouyang, Lucy Van Voorhees, Joseph Lindsay, Angela Silverman, Edwin L. Alderman, Mark Tripputi, David D. Waters
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Abnormal glucose tolerance (AGT; diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, especially in women. Cardiovascular disease rates in women increase after menopause. The Women's Health Initiative found that postmenopausal hormone therapy (PHT) increased the risk of cardiovascular disease and that effects in diabetic women did not differ from those in women without diabetes. In this study, we hypothesized that PHT would have a worse effect on disease among women with AGT.We randomly assigned 423 postmenopausal women with angiographically defined atherosclerosis (321 women had exit angiograms) with (n=140) or without (n=181) AGT to receive estrogen, estrogen plus progestin, or a placebo for 2.8+/-0.9 years. LDL was lower and HDL and triglycerides were higher after PHT in non-AGT and AGT women, but more adverse changes occurred in C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in women with AGT (P=0.11 and P=0.02 for interactions). PHT had no effect on fasting glucose or insulin concentrations in women without AGT, but in women with AGT, fasting glucose levels, insulin concentration, and insulin resistance as assessed by the HOMA (homeostasis model) calculation decreased slightly (P=0.28, P=0.25, P=0.14 for interaction, respectively). Atherosclerotic progression was greater in women with AGT. Atherosclerotic progression in previously nondiseased segments was enhanced by PHT to a greater extent in women with AGT (P=0.11 for interaction).PHT is associated with a worsening of coronary atherosclerosis and exacerbation of the profile of inflammatory markers in women with AGT. Therefore, PHT is not warranted for use in diabetic women. Further study is needed to explore the improvement in insulin resistance and glycemia that appears to occur with PHT in women with AGT.
X-Rated Words: Reprise
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The editorial, X-Rated Words (235:64, 1976) posed a problem and ended with the question, Can anyone suggest a neuter (for the clumsy his/her construction that pervades writing and speaking)? Readers of JAMA were quick to respond with letters offering a variety of solutions.  Dr Robert B. Howard's secretary and William A. Schmidt, a senior medical student at the University of Minnesota, each sent a copy of an editorial ( Postgrad Med 4:49, 1975) in which Dr Howard had wrestled with the problem. He wrote, in part, as follows:  Impressed by the need for a new third person singular, inclusive pronoun, I propose the following: ze (subjective or nominative form), zer/zers (possessive or genitive form), and zim (objective or accusative form). This proposed new pronoun, with its inflected forms, has several appealing advantages.  The subjective form ze is clearly distinct from any other English word, is easy to pronounce, in sound is
BMA annual meeting: GP practices facing closure must retain funding until impact of loss is known, doctors urge
Authors: T. Moberly
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Hundreds of GP practices facing imminent closure should be guaranteed a minimum funding level until the impact of their loss has been assessed, the BMA has said.

Delegates at the BMA’s annual representative meeting in Harrogate voted unanimously in favour of a motion supporting the continued provision of the minimum practice income guarantee (MPIG). The guarantee was introduced in 2004 but has begun to be phased out in 2014-15, as one seventh of its former value …
Review of Ronald Cole-Turner, ed.,<i>Design and Destiny: Jewish and Christian Perspectives on Human Germline Modification.</i><sup>1</sup>
Authors: Thomas D. Williams
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2008)

"Review of Ronald Cole-Turner, ed., Design and Destiny: Jewish and Christian Perspectives on Human Germline Modification. 1 ." , 8(10), pp. 84–85