tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pluripotent stem cells reveal erythroid-specific activities of the GATA1 N-terminus
Authors: Marta Byrska-Bishop, Daniel VanDorn, Amy E. Campbell, Marisol Betensky, Philip R. Arca, Yu Yao, Paul Gadue, Fernando F. Costa, Richard L. Nemiroff, Gerd A. Blobel, Deborah L. French, Ross C. Hardison, Mitchell J. Weiss, Stella T. Chou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Germline GATA1 mutations that result in the production of an amino-truncated protein termed GATA1s (where s indicates short) cause congenital hypoplastic anemia. In patients with trisomy 21, similar somatic GATA1s-producing mutations promote transient myeloproliferative disease and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia. Here, we demonstrate that induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with GATA1-truncating mutations exhibit impaired erythroid potential, but enhanced megakaryopoiesis and myelopoiesis, recapitulating the major phenotypes of the associated diseases. Similarly, in developmentally arrested GATA1-deficient murine megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors derived from murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs), expression of GATA1s promoted megakaryopoiesis, but not erythropoiesis. Transcriptome analysis revealed a selective deficiency in the ability of GATA1s to activate erythroid-specific genes within populations of hematopoietic progenitors. Although its DNA-binding domain was intact, chromatin immunoprecipitation studies showed that GATA1s binding at specific erythroid regulatory regions was impaired, while binding at many nonerythroid sites, including megakaryocytic and myeloid target genes, was normal. Together, these observations indicate that lineage-specific GATA1 cofactor associations are essential for normal chromatin occupancy and provide mechanistic insights into how GATA1s mutations cause human disease. More broadly, our studies underscore the value of ESCs and iPSCs to recapitulate and study disease phenotypes.
TCT-516 Microvascular Obstruction Detected by MRI is a Predictor of Recovery from Myocardial Stunning: The INFUSE-AMI Trial
Authors: Akiko Maehara, Gary Mintz, Sorin Brener, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Uwe Zeymer, Anthony Gershlick, Martin Fahy, Roxana Mehran, C. Michael Gibson, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?
Authors: Casey A Wood
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have heard and read many convincing reasons whyThe Journalmay with advantage to the whole profession be edited and published in Chicago; but have so far failed, in answer to my enquiries, to discover any justification for its taking up house at the Capital. It appears to me that the very advance guard of the Washington attack has not yet appeared in sight. In the meantime I suppose it is proper for us to know that when it does come to a comparison between the two cities as teaching centres, as sources of subscription, as sources of advertising patronage and as centres of medical populalation, most of them who cannot be accused of partizanship, and who are quite as much interested as we are, will decide at once in favor of Chicago. In the meantime, will some promoter of the Washington scheme kindly give us
Using metformin in the presence of renal disease
Authors: T. A. Chowdhury, R. Wright, M. M. Yaqoob
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome (CHS) has been reported sparsely after aneurysm clipping and is likely underreported after endovascular treatments. We report two cases of CHS following endovascular embolization and discuss diagnostic and differential challenges. <h3>Cases</h3> Patient 1 is a 64yo woman who underwent elective stent-assisted-coiling of an unruptured 11×10 mm right MCA trifurcation aneurysm without intraoperative complication. Immediate and delayed post-treatment angiography showed patent vasculature with no extravasation of contrast. Initial post-procedure neurological exam was normal; 4 hours later, she developed left hemiplegia. CT showed a large right intraparenchymal parietal hematoma with local cerebral edema distal to aneurysm treatment (figure A). Follow up diagnostic angiography showed no extravasation from the MCA and no change in the treated aneurysm. Transcranial doppler showed proportional increase in right MCA and right ICA flow velocity, concerning for hyperperfusion. During decompressive craniotomy, multiple small arterial intraparenchymal bleeders were encountered. Patient 2 is a 70yo man who underwent two stage stent assisted coiling of an unruptured ACOM aneurysm. Post-stenting but pre aneurysm coiling showed uniform contrast distribution (figure B), whereas post aneurysm coiling showed persistent contrast blush in the temporal and parietal regions (figure C, yellow arrows). This correlated with cortical edema found on CT twenty-four hours post-procedure. Cortical edema resolved the following day with conservative blood pressure management. <h3>Discussion</h3> CHS following endovascular stent-coiling of aneurysms is not described in literature. Differential diagnosis considerations for these cases include vasospasm, which is far more prevalent, and contrast induced encephalopathy (CIE), which is rare. In both cases, increased arterial flow to the territory of the parent vessel was demonstrated. This is in contrast to vasospasm, where reduced flow results in ischemic infarct. CIE has also been reported to have decreased perfusion in studies which utilize flow imaging and is generally associated with posterior circulation angiography and symptoms. In contrast, our cases demonstrated increased flow, so we strongly favor CHS as the diagnosis. However, the incidence and mechanism of CHS, as well as CVS and CIE, in endovascular treatments requires more in-depth evaluation. <h3>Disclosures</h3> <b>P. Yager:</b> None. <b>L. Lin:</b> None. <b>J. Fraser:</b> 2; C; Stream Biomedical, Medtronic. 4; C; Fawkes Biotechnology. <b>A. Alhajeri:</b> None.
Race and End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Experienced nephrologists have long suspected that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) develops more frequently in blacks than in whites in this country, but it was not until 1977 that this suspicion was given epidemiologic support.1 Studying the rate at which new patients with ESRD entered chronic dialysis or renal transplantation programs in a seven-county area of southeastern Michigan, Easterling found that the overall rate was 3.8 times higher in blacks than in whites.1 Subsequent reports have reinforced the idea that blacks are more likely to acquire ESRD by showing that they constitute a disproportionately high percentage of the ESRD population — . . .
t(6;14)(p22;q32): a new recurrent IGH@ translocation involving ID4 in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL)
Authors: Lisa J. Russell, Takashi Akasaka, Aneela Majid, Kei-ji Sugimoto, E. Loraine Karran, Inga Nagel, Lana Harder, Alexander Claviez, Stefan Gesk, Anthony V. Moorman, Fiona Ross, Helen Mazzullo, Jonathan C. Strefford, Reiner Siebert, Martin J. S. Dyer, Christine J. Harrison
Journal: Blood (2007)
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF UNDESCENDED TESTICLE.A FURTHER CONTRIBUTION.
Authors: ARTHUR DEAN BEVAN
Journal: JAMA (1903)

At the Columbus meeting of the American Medical Association I read, before the Section on Surgery and Anatomy, a paper entitled "Operation for Undescended Testicle and Congenital Inguinal Hernia," published inThe Journalof the A. M. A., Sept. 23, 1899. Since that time I have had the opportunity of operating on a further series of cases, representing practically all the varieties of this malformation and have made some improvements, made necessary by difficulties occasionally met, which make operative reduction of the misplaced testicle possible in almost all cases; and places, I believe, the operation in a position where it should be accepted as a standard surgical procedure. A further reason for again presenting this subject is the fact that a number of my colleagues have informed me that they have had difficulty in understanding and in carrying out the operation which I recommended, and I have felt that a series of plates illustrating the various
Reports on ECHO-28 Virus
Authors: Philip E. Sartwell
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> After the widespread newspaper publicity accorded the report of Mufson et al on the effect of antibody on rhinovirus infection, the report's appearance inThe Journal(<b>186</b>:578 [Nov 9] 1963) was eagerly awaited. It is gratifying to note that so far as ECHO-28 virus is concerned, the findings essentially confirm three reports by Dr. Winston H. Price and associates published seven, six, and four years ago (<i>Proc Nat Acad Sci USA</i><b>42</b>:892, 1956;<i>Proc Nat Acad Sci USA</i><b>43</b>:790, 1957; and<i>Amer J Hyg</i><b>69</b>:224, 1959). I must also call your attention to an inaccuracy in the editorial, "Rhinoviruses and Common Cold Illness," in the same issue ofThe Journal(p 591). I refer to the statement, "... the first of a large group of viruses responsible for a significant proportion of minor respiratory illness was recovered by Pelon and associates." Without desiring to
The Skin and Internal Disease
Authors: Harry B. Greenberg
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The physician who seeks facts about the cutaneous lesions accompanying a systemic disease will probably find them either in this book or in the long lists of references following most of its 14 chapters. Good descriptions abound, but the text, comprising subject matter from 18 contributors, lacks cohesion. Nonetheless, this book packs a lot of information into a small space. The chapter devoted to pigmentary changes clearly outlines the metabolic errors and describes the clinical findings in phenylketonuria and alkaptonuria. Pellagra and acanthosis nigricans also receive appropriate emphasis. And an interesting section discusses and illustrates the cutaneous lesions of mycosis fungoides, leukemia, lymphoma, and Kaposi's sarcoma. The other chapters describe the appearances of the skin in a variety of diseases ranging from porphyrinuria to endocrine disorders. Though usually noting physiologic and pathologic changes, sometimes in considerable detail, the contributors emphasize mostly clinical findings. Many of their illustrations are good and
Electrical Activity Underlying Rhythmic Contraction in Human Pial Arteries
Authors: Natalia I. Gokina, Rosemary D. Bevan, Carrie L. Walters, John A. Bevan
Journal: Circulation Research (1996)

Abstract Human pial arteries obtained during surgery frequently exhibit spontaneous periodic contractions. Simultaneous measurements of membrane potential and vessel wall force were used to examine whether these contractions are associated with electrical activity of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). A total of 53 segments from 38 patients were studied, and of these, 26 showed spontaneous contractions related to periodic depolarization and generation of action potentials (APs). The resting membrane potential during the silent periods was −44.0±0.5 mV. APs without “overshoot” were observed when spontaneous depolarization reached levels of −40 to −35 mV. Just over half of the arterial segments failed to exhibit spontaneous activity; however, APs could be generated during K + -induced depolarization. The mean SMC resting membrane potential of these vessels was −53.5±1.5 mV, and this value differed significantly from that of SMCs in spontaneously active arteries. Application of tetrodotoxin did not change the amplitude and duration of APs. Removal of Ca 2+ from the bathing solution and addition of nifedipine completely inhibited the spontaneous APs and associated contractions. K + depolarization failed to induce APs and contraction in the presence of nifedipine. We conclude that periodic spontaneous depolarization and AP generation underlie the periodic spontaneous contractions of human pial arteries. Both the APs and associated contractions are related to the activation of dihydropyridine-sensitive voltage-dependent Ca 2+ channels. It is suggested that AP generation can be responsible for vasomotion of human pial arteries in vivo.
Peripheral Neurology: Case Studies in Electrodiagnosis
Authors: Moris J. Danon
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<i>Peripheral Neurology</i>, by Liveson and Spielholz, is written for persons who have an understanding of the basic physiology of the lower motor neuron and some fundamental knowledge in the use of routine electrodiagnostic techniques. The first part of the book is a summary of various electrodiagnostic procedures and interpretation of motor and sensory conduction velocities, and needle electromyography. This first chapter is well written and contains beautiful illustrations and excellent didactic tables. It is well referenced, and most references are up-to-date. There are, however, minor problems with this chapter. The presence of fibrillation potentials in hemiplegic limbs and transected cords is not accepted by a fair number of electromyographers. If it indeed occurs, it is probably caused by pressure and entrapments of peripheral nerves and is not necessarily an expression of upper motor neuron disturbance. The second controversy involves the explanation for the presence of fibrillation potentials in inflammatory myopathies.
The new impact factor of<i>World Psychiatry</i>
Authors: Gaia Sampogna
Journal: World Psychiatry (2013)

The new impact factor of World Psychiatry, based on citations in the year 2012 to papers published in the journal in the years 2010 and 2011, is 8.974. The impact factor of the journal was 3.896 in 2009, 4.375 in 2010, 5.562 in 2011, and 6.233 last year. The journal is now in the top 5 of psychiatric journals, preceded only by Molecular Psychiatry, the American Journal of Psychiatry, the Archives of General Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry. The papers that received the highest number of citations during the period considered in the calculation of the new impact factor are the two pieces by De Hert et al on physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders 1, 2; the special articles on resilience under conditions of extreme stress 3, prediction and prevention of schizophrenia 4 and long-term costs of traumatic stress 5; the research reports on self-experience in the early phases of schizophrenia 6, income-related inequalities in the prevalence of depression and suicidal behaviour following the economic crisis 7, and a randomized controlled trial of supported employment in England 8; the articles related to the development of the ICD-11 9-12; the WPA guidance papers and recommendations 13-18; and the forums on psychiatrists as an endangered species 19, broadening the diagnosis of bipolar disorder 20, personality and psychopathology 21, and pathophysiology of schizophrenia 22-25. The journal editorial staff is grateful to the authors, the referees and the many colleagues worldwide who made this accomplishment possible.
Physiologic Evaluation of the Coronary Circulation in Coronary Disease and in Congestive Failure.
Authors: J. V. Messer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Physiologic Evaluation of the Coronary Circulation in Coronary Disease and in Congestive Failure.J. V. Messer, M.D., W. A. Neill, M.D., R. J. Wagman, M.D., H. J. Levine, M.D., R. Gorlin, M.D., (Assoc.)J. V. Messer, M.D., W. A. Neill, M.D., R. J. Wagman, M.D., H. J. Levine, M.D., R. Gorlin, M.D., (Assoc.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1037_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMyocardial oxygen requirements (MqO2) are supplied by the interaction of coronary blood flow (CBF) and myocardial oxygen extraction. Earlier studies have shown the relative constancy of myocardial O2 extraction in various states (rest, exercise, hypoxia, anemia), so long as coronary blood flow reserve is unimpaired.Forty-four patients were studied by coronary venous catheterization at rest and during exercise with measurement of coronary and systemic hemodynamics. Distinct patterns of myocardial O2supply were observed in various clinical states. In 22 normals the increased MqO2of exercise was supplied by increased CBF and resting levels of O2extraction (70%). In seven coronary... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: J. V. Messer, M.D.; W. A. Neill, M.D.; R. J. Wagman, M.D.; H. J. Levine, M.D.; R. Gorlin, M.D., (Assoc.) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1037-1038KeywordsAnemiaBlood flowCatheterizationExerciseHemodynamicsHypoxiaOxygen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Medicine in Kentucky
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Here is a good, small book that makes us wish for a longer one. In recent years there has been a growing tendency to publish regional histories of medicine, covering individual states. As part of the bicentennial celebration of Kentucky's existence, John Ellis, a professional historian, not a physician, has written a short survey of the history of medicine in that state. His presentation, as might be expected, lays special stress on such aspects as medical education, the development of medical institutions, the socioeconomic influences that helped to shape medicine, the cultural patterns, the personalities of the physicians as far as they are revealed through various memoirs and documents, and to some extent the political realities involved. Receiving much less attention is the account of medical doctrines and the successive transformations that medical theory underwent. The story covers an exciting period in intellectual history whose description is much less detailed
Pilot study of ascorbic acid for the treatment of refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Steven J. Jubelirer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

The treatment of corticosteroid- and/or splenectomy-refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) includes vinca alkaloids, immunosuppressives, Danazol, intravenous gammaglobulin, and alpha-interferon. However, these treatments have often been associated with toxic side effects. Brox et al. (Br J Haematol 70:341-344, 1988) reported the efficacy of ascorbic acid in the treatment of ITP; the platelet count normalized in seven of 11 patients studied, and tolerance was excellent. However, other investigators have reported less impressive results. These conflicting reports prompted a pilot study of ascorbic acid in 12 patients with refractory ITP. Patients were given 2 g every morning for at least 10 weeks. All have received glucocorticoids, three had undergone splenectomy, and six received other treatments. The maximal increase in platelet count above baseline (i.e., the prestudy platelet count) achieved was < 20,000 in 11 patients and 25,000 in one patient. Therapy was well tolerated, with only two patients complaining of dyspepsia. The results of this study suggest that ascorbic acid is not very effective in patients with refractory ITP.
Propranolol in thyrotoxic heart failure.
Authors: J S Staffurth, R Stott
Journal: BMJ (1977)

or antagonists depending on the test condition.7The 8-hydroxyquinolines may be acting as imitators of prostaglandin action in acro- dermatitis.It is possible that a prostaglandin deficiency may be involved in acne.Diphenylhydantoin is a drug whose long-term use is frequently associated with acne-like eruptions.Because we have shown that membrane-stabilising drugs can have prostaglandin antagonist actions7 and because diphenylhydantoin is known to be a membrane stabiliser we have recently tested it and shown it to be a com- petitive prostaglandin antagonist.We suggest that zinc is effective in acne because it stimulates prostaglandin synthesis and that this is also the basis of its action in acrodermatitis.
Melanocytic naevi: clinical features and correlation with the phenotype in healthy young males in Italy
Authors: LAURA BROGELLI, V.DE GIORGI, FIORELLA BINI, B. GIANNOTTI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1991)

Six-hundred and fifteen young healthy Italian males were examined for the number, localization and clinical features of melanocytic naevi. The data were correlated with the phenotype and skin type of the subjects. Eighty-eight per cent had melanocytic naevi, 7% congenital naevi and 21.3% atypical naevi with a diameter greater than 5 mm and indistinct or irregular borders and were variable in colour. Of the sample only 2.43% had more than 30 naevi. Those subjects with blond or red hair, fair skin, blue or green eyes and with a skin type of I and II had higher numbers of naevi which were more often atypical than those subjects with dark hair, brown eyes and who were skin types III-V.
Nucleotide sequence of messenger RNA encoding human isovaleryl-coenzyme A dehydrogenase and its expression in isovaleric acidemia fibroblasts.
Authors: Y Matsubara, M Ito, R Glassberg, S Satyabhama, Y Ikeda, K Tanaka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

Isovaleric acidemia (IVA) is caused by a genetic deficiency of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD). At least five distinct variant IVD alleles are known. We isolated five overlapping IVD cDNA clones from a human placenta cDNA library. They covered the entire coding region, except the initiation codon, and 587 bp in the 3'-noncoding region plus the poly(A) tail. The structure of the initiation site was identified by the study of genomic DNA and by the sequence comparison with rat IVD. Human IVD shared 89.6, 35.8, and 31.6% identical amino acid residues with rat IVD and human short and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, respectively. In the Northern blot analysis of normal human liver and fibroblast poly(A)+ RNA, three mRNA species of different sizes (4.6, 3.8, and 2.1 kb) hybridized to IVD cDNA. Three mRNA species with similar sizes were also detected in five IVA fibroblast lines of different genotypes (variants 1, 1 X 2, 2, 3, and 5), suggesting that these variants are each due to a point mutation or small deletion.