tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Letter: Indomethacin-aspirin interactions.
Authors: P Tuner, J C Garnham
Journal: BMJ (1975)

which are poorly matched to the demand unit.While a frequency mismatch between patient and pacemaker may be uncommon, a combination of this with borderline amplitude may explain the increased incidence of inappropriate fixed-rate pacing in sick sinus syndrome.Thus, in summary, failure of inhibition of demand pacemakers may be expected to be more common in patients with sick sinus syndrome than in those with heart block because of a greater likelihood of myocardial infarction causing a fall in amplitude of the input signal to the pacemaker.Patients with sick sinus syndrome and a normal scalar QRS duration may have a sensed QRS in which the frequency distribution does not match the demand pacemaker.-Weare, etc.,
Phosphorylation of GATA2 by Akt Increases Adipose Tissue Differentiation and Reduces Adipose Tissue–Related Inflammation
Authors: Rossella Menghini, Valentina Marchetti, Marina Cardellini, Marta L. Hribal, Alessandro Mauriello, Davide Lauro, Paolo Sbraccia, Renato Lauro, Massimo Federici
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Obesity-related inflammation is emerging as a major cause of insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. GATA2 transcription factor is an inhibitor of adipogenesis and an activator of vascular cells. We hypothesized that GATA2 activity is controlled by insulin during adipogenesis, linking metabolic homeostasis and inflammation. Methods and Results— We show that insulin induces GATA2 phosphorylation on serine 401 in a PI-3K/Akt–dependent manner. Insulin-dependent phosphorylation of serine 401 impairs GATA2 translocation to the nucleus and its DNA binding activity. A GATA2 mutant not phosphorylable by Akt (GATA2 S401A ) acts similarly to wild-type GATA2. In contrast, a GATA2 mutant that mimics Akt phosphorylation (GATA2 S401D ) is restrained in the cytoplasm. Cultured preadipocytes bearing GATA2 S401A do not convert to adipocytes and express high levels of inflammatory cytokines like monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). On the contrary, GATA2 S401D preadipocytes differentiate to adipocytes. When GATA2 S401A preadipocytes are injected in mice fed a high-fat diet, they do not differentiate adequately into adipocytes, maintaining the expression of inflammatory markers like MCP-1. In contrast, injection of GATA2 S401D preadipocytes in mice fed a high-fat diet results in development of adipocytes and no expression of inflammatory markers. Conclusions— GATA2 could be a new target in the prevention and treatment of obesity-related inflammation and its complications.
Discharge from psychiatric hospitals.
Authors: D A Spencer
Journal: BMJ (1972)

operation and no unpleasant effects follow."This report thus appeared over a year be- fore Morton's demonstration on the use of ether, and I think it is only right to point out that nitrous oxide was in use during the period between Wells's unsuccessful demon- stration and Morton's successful one.-Iam, etc., VICTOR GOLDMAN London W.1Ketamine for Burns Surgery SIR,-The leading article "Analgesia for Burnt Patients: A Symposium" (20 May, p. 418), gives much needed publicity to a hitherto neglected facet of anaesthetic practice.The sentence on the paper and discussion on the use of ketamine as an anaesthetic agent for burns surgery is somewhat biased.It is strange to mention one of the less common and least dangerous side effects of ketamine, without making any reference to the drug's unique advantages, especially in the field of bums surgery.-Weare, etc.,
Association between Polycystic Ovaries and Extent of Coronary Artery Disease in Women Having Cardiac Catheterization
Authors: Mary A. Birdsall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Women with polycystic ovaries have associated risk factors for coronary artery disease. It is unknown whether women with more extensive coronary artery disease are more likely to have polycystic ovaries. Objective: To determine whether women who have more extensive coronary artery disease as seen on coronary angiography are more likely to have polycystic ovaries appearing on ultrasonography than are women with less severe coronary disease. Design: Prevalence study of women who had had coronary angiography. Setting: Women referred for coronary angiography for assessment of chest pain or valvular disease in Auckland, New Zealand, during a 2-year period. Patients: 143 women 60 years of age or younger who had had coronary angiography. Women who had previously had bilateral oophorectomy were excluded. Measurements: The extent of coronary artery disease assessed by quantitative angiography was compared with the presence or absence of polycystic ovaries. Pelvic ultrasonography was done without knowledge of the extent of coronary artery disease. Assessment of angiograms was blinded. Insulin resistance and gonadotropin, testosterone, and serum lipid levels were also measured. Results: Polycystic ovaries were found in 42% of women and were associated with hirsutism; previous hysterectomy; higher free testosterone, triglyceride, and C-peptide levels; and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Women with polycystic ovaries had more extensive coronary artery disease than women with normal ovaries (number of segments with >50% stenosis, 1.7 [95% CI, 1.1 to 2.3] compared with 0.82 [CI, 0.54 to 1.1]; P < 0.01). On logistic regression analysis, the extent of coronary artery disease (P = 0.032) and family history of heart disease (P = 0.022) were predictors of the presence of polycystic ovaries. Conclusions: In women having coronary angiography, those with more extensive coronary artery disease were more likely to have polycystic ovaries on ultrasonography than were those with less extensive disease. Visualization of polycystic ovaries by sonography was associated with distinct metabolic and endocrine abnormalities. Further study is required to evaluate whether surgery or hormone replacement therapy can modify the risk.
Sepsis with a New Species of Corynebacterium
Authors: KENNETH R. HANDE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Sepsis with a previously undescribed species of Corynebacterium was documented in four patients. All patients had predisposing illness at the time of infection, three patients having leukemia in relapse and one having a porencephalic cyst and a ventriculoatrial shunt. The isolates from blood cultures had a characteristic metallic sheen when grown on blood agar. They were resistant to most antibiotics tested, including the penicillins, but were uniformly sensitive to vancomycin. Common biochemical characteristics, the metallic sheen, and the unusual antibiotic sensitivity pattern suggest that these isolates comprise a new species or group of closely related species of Corynebacterium that is capable of infection in man.
Glu227--&amp;gt;Lys substitution in the acidic loop of major histocompatibility complex class I alpha 3 domain distinguishes low avidity CD8 coreceptor and avidity-enhanced CD8 accessory functions.
Authors: L Shen, T A Potter, K P Kane
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activation requires specific T cell receptor (TCR)-class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigen complex interactions as well as the participation of coreceptor or accessory molecules on the surface of CTL. CD8 can serve as a coreceptor in that it binds to the same MHC class I molecules as the TCR to facilitate efficient TCR signaling. In addition, CD8 can be "activated" by TCR stimulation to bind to class I molecules with high avidity, including class I not recognized by the TCR as antigenic complexes (non-antigen [Ag] class I), to augment CTL responses and thus serve an accessory molecule function. A Glu/Asp227--&amp;gt;Lys substitution in the class I alpha 3 domain acidic loop abrogates lysis of target cells expressing these mutant molecules by alloreactive CD8-dependent CTL. Lack of response is attributed to the destruction of the CD8 binding site in the alpha 3 domain which is likely to disrupt CD8 coreceptor function. The relative importance of the class I alpha 3 domain acidic loop Glu227 in coreceptor as opposed to accessory functions of CD8 is unclear. To address this issue, we examined CTL adhesion and degranulation in response to immobilized class I-peptide complexes formed in vitro from antigenic peptides and purified class I molecules containing wild-type or Glu227--&amp;gt;Lys substituted alpha 3 domains. The alpha 3 domain mutant class I-peptide complexes were bound by CTL and triggered degranulation, however to much lower levels than wild-type class I-peptide complexes. In further experiments, it is directly demonstrated that the alpha 3 domain mutant class I molecules, which lack the Glu227 CD8 binding site, still serve as TCR-activated, avidity-enhanced CD8 accessory ligands. However, mutant class I peptide Ag complexes failed to effectively serve as CD8 coreceptor ligands to initiate TCR-dependent signals required to induce avidity-enhanced CD8 binding to coimmobilized non-Ag class I molecules. Thus the Glu227--&amp;gt;Lys mutation effectively distinguishes CD8 coreceptor and avidity-enhanced CD8 accessory functions.
Effect of Opportunistic Illness on Risk of Death in HIV Disease
Authors: William G. Powderly
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Objective:To assess the impact of opportunistic diseases on survival in patients with HIV disease.Methods:A cohort of 2081 patients followed for a mean of 30 months was studied. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed using incident opportunistic diseases and CD4 cell counts as independent variables.Results:During follow-up, 730 (35%) patients died. The occurrence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease, Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) disease, Candida esophagitis, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), dementia, wasting, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis were all significantly associated with death, independently of CD4 cell count (all P&lt;0.001 for opportunistic diseases controlling for CD4 cell count). The magnitude of increased risk was greatest for lymphoma (relative hazard [RH], 7.2), PML (RH, 3.9), MAC (RH, 3.0) and CMV (RH, 2.2). Cryptococcosis (RH, 0.94) and herpes zoster (RH, 0.85) were not associated with death. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis, MAC (RH, 2.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1-3.1), CMV (RH, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.1-2.1), toxoplasmosis (RH, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.1-2.6), PCP (RH, 1.19; 95% CI, 1.1-1.1), and CD4 cell count were significantly associated with death. Patients who had opportunistic diseases had significantly greater monthly declines in CD4 counts (−11 × 106/L per month) than those who did not (−6 × 106/L per month; P&lt;0.001).Conclusion:Most opportunistic diseases increase the risk of death independently of CD4 cell count. These data support the hypothesis that opportunistic diseases enhance HIV pathogenesis and further underscore the importance of prophylaxis.
DISTINCT MECHANISMS FOR DIASTOLIC DYSFUNCTION IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND PRESSURE-OVERLOAD
Authors: Ines Pires, Giuseppina Palladini, Nádia Gonçalves, Jolanda van der Velden, Daniel Moreira-Gonçalves, Francesco Salinaro, Walter J. Paulus, Hans WM Niessen, Stefano Perlini, Adelino F. Leite-Moreira
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Cancer of the Exocrine Pancreas: The Pathologic Aspects
Authors: A. L. Cubilla, P. J. Fitzgerald
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1985)

Duct (Ductule) Cell Origin Duct cell carcinoma (494) 573 patients (88.8 percent) Giant cell carcinoma (27) Giant cell carcinoma (osteoclastoid type) (1) Adenosquamous carcinoma (20) Adenosquamous (spindle cell) carcinoma Microadenocarcinoma (solid microglandular) (16) Mucinous (@â€˜colloidâ€•) carcinoma (9) Cystadenocarcinoma (mucinous) (5) Papillary-cystic tumor (1) Mucinous carcinoid carcinoma Carcinoid Oncocytic carcinoid Oncocytic carcinoma Oat cell carcinoma Ciliated cell carcinoma (?)Acinar Cell Origin Acinar cell carcinoma (7) 8 patients (1.2 percent) Acinar cell cystadenocarcinoma (1)Mixed Cell Type Duct-islet cell (1) 1 patient (0.2 percent) Duct-islet-acinar cell Acinar-islet cell Carcinoid-islet cellConnective Tissue Leiomyosarcoma (1) Origin Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (1) 4 patients (0.6 percent) Malignant hemangiopericytoma (1) Osteogenic sarcoma (1) Fibrosarcoma Rhabdomyosarcoma Malignant neurilemoma LiposarcomaUncertain Pancreaticoblastoma (simple type) Histogenesis Pancreaticoblastoma (mixed type) (1) 59 patients (9.1 percent) Unclassified (58) Large cell (50) Smallcell(7) Clearcell (1)Histiocytic MalignantLymphoma @ PlasmacytomaTotal patientsClassification of malignant lesions of the pancreas and the relative frequency of the types at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York City.The figures were obtained from more than 500,000 surgical specimens and 13.882 autopsies.821 patients were listed as having pancreas (nonislet) cancer; adequate clinical and pathologic material was available for study in 645 patients.Diagnoses without patient totals indicate that such a cancer did not occur in the MSKCC patients during the years of the review , but has been reported in the literature or was seen by us subsequent to 1978.
Different patterns of atrial activation in idiopathic atrial fibrillation: simultaneous multisite atrial mapping in patients with paroxysmal and chronic atrial fibrillation
Authors: Fiorenzo Gaita, Leonardo Calò, Riccardo Riccardi, Lucia Garberoglio, Marco Scaglione, Giovanni Licciardello, Luisella Coda, Paolo Di Donna, Mario Bocchiardo, Domenico Caponi, Renzo Antolini, Fulvio Orzan, GianPaolo Trevi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Gastric Restrictive Surgery-Reply
Authors: Elizabeth Brown
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply. —  Panelists for each specific DATTA evaluation are selected according to their specialty and stated special interests from our overall panel. These 1700 physicians have been nominated by specialty societies, by medical schools through the section on medical schools of the American Medical Association's House of Delegates, and by state medical societies.  The Department of Technology Assessment routinely analyzes the DATTA panelists' responses by specialty. This information is not included in the published DATTA evaluation since the number of panelists is typically too small, as in this case, to make any statistically significant statements about how different physician-specialists assess the different technologies. However, the breakdown is as follows: 24% of gastroenterologists and 38% of surgeons rated the safety of the Roux-en-Y procedure as established, and 24% and 41%, respectively, rated the effectiveness of the procedure as established.  Thirty-eight percent of gastroenterologists and 45% of surgeons rated the safety
Comment on “Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology meeting 2005: CIBIS‐III, by JGF Cleland and others”
Authors: Ronnie Willenheimer, Henry Krum, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Christian Funck‐Brentano, Erland Erdmann, Wilfried R. Meyer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Population-Based Analysis of Incidence and Outcome of Transformed Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Abdulwahab J. Al-Tourah, Karamjit K. Gill, Mukesh Chhanabhai, Paul J. Hoskins, Richard J. Klasa, Kerry J. Savage, Laurie H. Sehn, Tamara N. Shenkier, Randy D. Gascoyne, Joseph M. Connors
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

To assess the incidence and predictive factors for development of transformed lymphoma in a population-based series of patients with follicular lymphoma (FL).The Lymphoid Cancer Database was used to identify patients with FL diagnosed and treated in the province of British Columbia, Canada. Transformed lymphoma was defined as the development of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in patients with FL. Factors present at the time of initial diagnosis of indolent NHL and at transformation were analyzed for their impact on risk of transformation and subsequent outcome.Between 1986 and 2001, 600 patients with newly diagnosed FL met the inclusion criteria. With a median follow-up of 109 months (range, 10 to 244), 170 (28%) developed transformation, 107 (63%) based on biopsy confirmation. The annual risk of transformation was 3% continuously through 15 years. A multivariate analysis of clinical factors at diagnosis identified advanced stage as the only predictor of future transformation. The median post-transformation survival was 1.7 years. The 5-year survival was superior for patients with limited extent transformation compared with those with advanced cases (66% v 19%, P < .0001). Patients with transformation based on clinical versus histological criteria had an identical median survival of 1.8 years (P = .2).The annual risk of transformation of FL is 3% continuing without plateau beyond 15 years. Advanced stage at diagnosis is predictive of future transformation. Clinically diagnosed transformation has an equal impact on outcome as biopsy proven transformation.
Sick Stethoscopes Modified and Debugged
Authors: H. de Glanville
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Your correspondent's letter under the heading "Sick Stethoscope Syndrome"<sup>1</sup>reminded me of an occasion many years ago in Africa when I, never a strong clinician, felt that I was hearing even less than usual through my stethoscope. Dismantling the chest piece showed that a mud wasp had built her paralyzed-grub-containing mud capsule inside the "bell," through its narrow orifice, almost without external trace.
Induced ER Chaperones Regulate a Receptor-like Kinase to Mediate Antiviral Innate Immune Response in Plants
Authors: Jeffrey L. Caplan, Xiaohong Zhu, Padmavathi Mamillapalli, Rajendra Marathe, Radhamani Anandalakshmi, S.P. Dinesh-Kumar
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2009)
Systemic mastocytosis as a risk factor for severe Hymenoptera sting–induced anaphylaxis
Authors: Iván Alvarez-Twose, Patrizia Bonadonna, Almudena Matito, Roberta Zanotti, David González-de-Olano, Laura Sánchez-Muñoz, José Mário Morgado, Alberto Orfao, Luis Escribano
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Clinical and molecular aspects of 23 patients affected by paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: Carla Boschetti, Elisa Fermo, Paola Bianchi, Cristina Vercellati, Fiorenza Barraco, Alberto Zanella
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract We reviewed clinical and molecular data of 23 consecutive unrelated patients affected by paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) (19 with hemolytic PNH, 3 with aplastic anemia/PNH, and 1 with myelodysplasia/PNH syndrome) with a mean follow‐up of 11.8 years. Five patients had thrombotic episodes, and 10 needed regular blood transfusions; 2 died for cerebral hemorrhage and kidney failure, and 2 spontaneously recovered from PNH. Twenty different PIG‐A gene mutations were detected in 21/23 patients: 15 frameshift, 1 splicing, 2 nonsense, and 2 missense mutations. Two mutations (DelG341 and IVS2 +1g‐a) were detected twice. A PIG‐A mutated clone was also revealed in the two patients in complete clinical remission. One patient with aplastic anemia/PNH syndrome was treated with two courses of antilymphocyte globulin and cyclosporin with partial sustained response. Six patients were given rHu‐EPO 150 U/kg/day sc for at least 6 months: one became transfusion‐independent for 8 months and then discontinued treatment for clinical complications; one displayed a mean rise of Hb of 1.5 g/dL and is currently maintaining Hb levels higher than 9 g/dL after 54 months of therapy. Mutation specific quantitative‐competitive PCR showed that the rise of hemoglobin was related to an increase of PIG‐A negative molecules, suggesting that the efficacy of rHu‐EPO therapy may be due to the stimulation of the abnormal clone. Am. J. Hematol. 77:36–44, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quebec to pass bill on physician assisted suicide
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Quebec is set to become the fourth and largest jurisdiction in North America to legalise physician assisted suicide. Passage of Quebec’s Law Concerning End of Life Care, more commonly known as the dying with dignity bill, is expected in the next few days.

The bill goes beyond assisted dying laws passed in Washington state, Oregon, and Vermont, making Quebec the first North American jurisdiction to legalise voluntary euthanasia, in which a physician personally administers the lethal dose rather than simply prescribing it.

Canada’s government opposes physician assisted dying in any form, and the Ottawa parliament rejected similar legislation at the federal level in 2010. …
Paediatric Cardiology, 2nd edition, volumes 1 and 2
Authors: Aarti Hejmadi, David J. Sahn
Journal: Circulation (2002)

A long-awaited second edition of Paediatric Cardiology has finally been published, after a period of 15 years.The chief editor, Robert Anderson, is one of the founding fathers of the field of cardiac morphology.The second edition has retained much of its original focus on cardiac morphology, laying out the "heart" of the subject, as it were.Its persisting emphasis on the importance of understanding the morphology of congenital heart disease (CHD) comes from having retained most of the primary authors and many more of the illustrations from the first edition.Indeed, improving non-invasive imaging technology has shifted the illustration of anatomy questions from the autopsy table to the echo laboratory.The new edition has bravely moved on from its self-confessed "Old World thinking" on nomenclature to the present broader horizons of pediatric and adult CHD and "classical terms have been translated to their English equivalents."In his opening chapter on terminology, Professor Anderson clarifies that it is not their intention to continue detailed debates, but rather to leave the reader with a choice.The sequential segmental analysis proposed by him has found widespread support in the specialty, and he states, "By and large, there is no right or wrong way of describing the heart, simply different ways (Van Praagh 1995; Anderson 1996)."The first sections, which are comprehensive chapters on incidence, epidemiology, and associations of CHD, are followed by elegantly written ones on pulmonary circulation and basic hemodynamics.From these familiar though updated topics, the reader is led to the recently introduced chapters on molecular biology, myocardial development, embryology, and physiology of the developing heart, which are, for the most part, adequately detailed and well illustrated.A very straightforward chapter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) does not do quite enough justice to advances in cardiac MRI, which is not surprising, considering its most recent reference is from 1994!Most of the illustrations are poor quality spin echo gated MRI sections, and there is no mention of MR