tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impaired inotropic responses to alpha-adrenergic stimulation in experimental left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: F M Fouad, K Shimamatsu, M M Hanna, P A Khairallah, R C Tarazi
Journal: Circulation (1985)

We have previously reported that left ventricular hypertrophy in two-kidney, one-clip renal hypertensive rats (2K-1C RHRs) was associated with diminished inotropic responsiveness to isoproterenol and glucagon, suggesting an alteration in the receptor-adenylate cyclase cascade. The present study was performed to investigate the hypothesis that in these same hearts, inotropic responses to alpha-adrenergic stimuli could be enhanced as a compensatory mechanism. alpha-Adrenergic stimulation was achieved by graded phenylephrine infusion (1.02 to 41.2 microM/min) in the presence of propranolol (10(-7) M). The inotropic response was evaluated in the isovolumetric isolated rat heart (Langendorff preparation) paced at 260 beats/min. Results showed a significantly reduced inotropic response to alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation in 2K-1C RHR hearts irrespective of perfusion pressure (50 or 80 mm Hg [PP50 or PP80]) (+427.5 +/- 62.1 vs +1236 +/- 216.4 mm Hg X sec-1 at PP50, p less than .01 and +339 +/- 98.3 vs +1440 +/- 254 mg Hg X sec-1 at PP80, p less than .001) even when comparison was made at equivalent myocardial flow rates (RHR hearts perfused at 80 mm Hg vs control hearts perfused at 50 mm Hg). Quantitative assessment of number of alpha 1-adrenergic receptors (3H-prazosin binding) showed a significant decrease compared with that in age-matched sham-operated normotensive control rats (45 +/- 2.5 vs 64 +/- 1.7 fmol/mg protein, p less than .001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Biological warfare agents as threats to potable water.
Authors: W D Burrows, S E Renner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Nearly all known biological warfare agents are intended for aerosol application. Although less effective as potable water threats, many are potentially capable of inflicting heavy casualties when ingested. Significant loss of mission capability can be anticipated even when complete recovery is possible. Properly maintained field army water purification equipment can counter this threat, but personnel responsible for the operation and maintenance of the equipment may be most at risk of exposure. Municipal water treatment facilities would be measurably less effective. Some replicating (infectious) agents and a few biotoxins are inactivated by chlorine disinfection; for others chlorine is ineffective or of unknown efficacy. This report assesses the state of our knowledge of agents as potable water threats and contemplates the consequences of intentional or collateral contamination of potable water supplies by 18 replicating agents and 9 biotoxins known or likely to be weaponized or otherwise used as threats.
Abstract 4183: Overexpression of PTPN2 promotes lung cancer cell proliferation through ERK activation
Authors: Sheng-Yi Lin, Yi-Hua Lai, Chi-Chung Wang, Meng-Feng Tsai, Sung-Liang Yu, Gee-Chen Chang, Jeremy J.W. Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer deaths in the world, and the incidence is increasing each year. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) and their associated signaling pathways are crucial for the regulation of numerous cell functions including growth, motility, mitogenesis and metabolism. PTPN2, also known as TCPTP, is an intracellular protein tyrosine phosphatase, which is ubiquitously expressed. There are two splice variants of TCPTP in human cells, TC45 and TC48, which vary at their C-terminal ends. The TC48 isoform is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and also in the nuclear membrane. However, its role and function on human non-small cell lung cancers remain unknown. In this study, we induced ectopic expression of PTPN2 (TC48) in CL1-0 and H1299 cells to investigate its effect on cell migration, invasion, and colony formation. The interacting proteins of PTPN2 are identified by yeast two-hybrid assay. The results showed that PTPN2 inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation, anchorage-dependent and -independent growth, but not migration and invasion. Yeast two-hybrid assay revealed that PTPN2 interacted with CD74 (major histocompatibility complex class II invariant chain) and PRDX6 (Peroxiredoxin 6) which could promote cell proliferation in previous studies. We also found that overexpression of PTPN2 increased the phosphorylation of ERK. Moreover, activation of ERK was enhanced by co-expression of PTPN2 and CD74 or PRDX6. Taken together, we speculated that PTPN2 might modulate ERK activity through interaction with CD74 and PRDX6 and further promoted lung cancer cell proliferation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4183. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4183
Abstract 3398: Double-faced Sema3E-PlexinD1 signaling inhibits tumor growth but promotes metastatic spreading
Authors: Andrea Casazza, Lorena Capparuccia, Veronica Finisguerra, Massimiliano Mazzone, Paolo M. Comoglio, Luca Tamagnone
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Semaphorins comprise a wide family of secreted and membrane-bound signals, originally found in neural development, and then implicated in a range of functions: from angiogenesis, to the immune response, to cancer progression. We have previously shown that high-affinity semaphorin receptors are found in the families of the plexins and of the neuropilins. Moreover, additional molecules interact with semaphorin receptors in cell-context dependent manner, featuring a complex scenario of multiple potential signaling pathways. The role of semaphorin signaling in tumor progression is currently under close scrutiny; it is known that cancer cells release semaphorins regulating their own behavior as well as that of cells in the tumor microenvironment, such as endothelial cells and recruited leukocytes. In this work, we focused on the function of Semaphorin 3E (Sema3E) and its high affinity receptor PlexinD1, and on their potential role to regulate cancer progression. Here we found that Sema3E and PlexinD1 are highly expressed in human metastatic tumors. Moreover, we provided experimental evidences that Sema3E released by tumor cells is a double-faced signal, acting via two distinctive signaling pathways. In paracrine manner, Sema3E-PlexinD1 signaling can elicit endothelial cell repulsion, thereby reducing vessel density and tumor growth. Conversely, Sema3E autocrine signaling in tumor cells thrusts their invasiveness, trans-endothelial migration, and metastatic spreading, through the trans-activation of PlexinD1-associated oncogenic kinases. Notably, by silencing the endogenous expression of either Sema3E or PlexinD1 the metastatic potential of cancer cells is significantly reduced, identifying this pathway as a major driver of the metastatic spreading. In sum, Sema3E autocrine signaling in cancer cells is crucially implicated to induce a metastatic behavior, and it appears as a promising target for strategies aimed at blocking tumor metastasis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3398.
CHAULMOOGRA OIL IN LEPROSY
Authors: R. M. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —So much has been written of the results of the ethyl esters of chaulmoogra oil that I feel that I should report on our experience with the oil itself. We used our first chaulmoogra oil here about fourteen years ago by mouth, but about 1911 we began to use it by intramuscular injections, and have continued to do so since. Several preparations and combinations were used until finally we used the oil with 1 per cent. camphor intramuscularly.  This month (July, 1922) we are discharging ten cases as arrested or probable cures with instructions that the patients return every six months for examination. From all appearance and as far as we can tell they are cured, though time only will tell us whether they are permanently cured.  The method of administration is as follows: Every Saturday afternoon each leper in the Kwangju Leper Home gets an injection
Regulation of Arterial Pressure in the Anephric State
Authors: THOMAS G. COLEMAN, JOHN D. BOWER, HERBERT G. LANGFORD, ARTHUR C. GUYTON
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Three anephric patients were studied during sequential periods of normal hydration and overhydration. The increase in arterial pressure caused by the overhydration (+7% of body weight) was associated with an increase in peripheral resistance (+21.1%, P &lt; 0.01). The elevation of peripheral resistance was preceded by an increased cardiac output (+22.3%, P &lt; 0.02) which then fell part way to control levels (+13.2%, P &lt; 0.05). Return to normal hydration resulted in return of all variables to control levels. The fall in peripheral resistance was preceded by a transient fall in cardiac output to below control levels (—5.6%, not significant). With both normal and elevated pressures, plasma renin activity levels were low, and sensitivity to angiotensin infusion was greater than normal. Long-term autoregulation of blood flow is suggested as an important factor in the observed sequence of events.
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in systemic sclerosis
Authors: D.M. WILLIAMSON, L.C. BELL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare condition characterized by the presence of multiple gas containing thin walled cysts in the intestinal wall and mesentery. It is sometimes associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but has been described most often in patients with gastrointestinal disorders including duodenal and gastric ulceration, small bowel obstruction, regional enteritis and gastrointestinal malignancy. Its association in the patient described below with severe systemic sclerosis is of particular interest. There have been occasional previous reports of this association which should be considered in any patient with systemic sclerosis who develops abdominal symptoms suggestive of acute or sub-acute intestinal obstruction, not readily explicable by other causes.
Influenza Infection Exerts Prominent Inflammatory and Thrombotic Effects on the Atherosclerotic Plaques of Apolipoprotein E–Deficient Mice
Authors: Morteza Naghavi, Philip Wyde, Silvio Litovsky, Mohammad Madjid, Adeeba Akhtar, Sameh Naguib, Mir Said Siadaty, Susan Sanati, Ward Casscells
Journal: Circulation (2003)

The role of infection in the development and complications of atherosclerosis has been the focus of much attention. We reported previously that influenza vaccination was associated with reduced risk of recurrent myocardial infarction. Here, we report the effect of influenza A virus on the apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mouse, an animal model of atherosclerosis.Twenty-four apoE(-/-) mice >24 months old were injected with 1 LD(50) (lethal dose 50) of influenza A virus. Ten wild-type C57BL/6 infected mice and 11 noninfected age-matched apoE(-/-) mice served as controls. Multiple aortic sections were studied histologically 3, 5, and 10 days later. The infected mice showed markedly increased intimal cellularity compared with the noninfected apoE(-/-) mice. No aortic abnormalities were seen in infected wild-type mice. Ten infected apoE(-/-) mice had a significant subendothelial infiltrate composed of a heterogeneous group of cells that stained positively for smooth muscle cell actin, F4/80 (macrophages), and CD3 (T lymphocytes). One case of subocclusive platelet and fibrin-rich thrombus was seen.This study shows that influenza infection promotes inflammation, smooth muscle cell proliferation, and fibrin deposition in atherosclerotic plaques.
"The west African Ebola disaster has stretched us to near breaking point": MSF's volunteer doctors need your support
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Médecins Sans Frontières is bringing much needed medical personnel to west Africa to help with the current Ebola outbreak, writes <b>Fiona Godlee</b>. The charity has decades of experience in bringing volunteer doctors to where they are needed in a crisis and in ongoing humanitarian projects all over the world, which is why we’ve chosen MSF for <i>The BMJ</i>’s Christmas appeal this year. Please give generously
Risk Factors for Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Polly A. Marchbanks
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To evaluate the association between ectopic pregnancy and 22 potential risk factors, we conducted a population-based case-control study. The investigation included 274 cases diagnosed from 1935 through 1982 in residents of Rochester, Minn, and 548 matched controls selected from live-birth deliveries. Risk factor information documented prior to the last index menstrual period was obtained via medical record abstract. Univariate matched analyses revealed nine variables associated with a significantly elevated relative risk of ectopic pregnancy. Following conditional logistic regression, four variables remained as strong and independent risk factors for ectopic pregnancy: current intrauterine device use (relative risk, 13.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 120.6), a history of infertility (relative risk, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 4.2), a history of pelvic inflammatory disease (relative risk, 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 6.6), and prior tubal surgery (relative risk, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.5 to 13.9). Theoretically, any condition that prevents or retards migration of the fertilized ovum to the uterus could predispose a woman to ectopic gestation. Further research is needed to clarify the impact of other potential risk factors in the etiology of ectopic pregnancy.
Marihuana: Can It Hurt You?
Authors: Frederic Beuthin
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Having survived the acute hypertensive crisis elicited by the COMMENTARY, "Marihuana: Can It Hurt You?" (232:923,1975), I have a few comments of my own. The role of physician in this society encompasses a wide variety of attributes, not the least of which is the application of unbiased scientific observation. In their highly biased selection of literature on the potential toxicities of marihuana, Kolansky and Moore have done a significant disservice to the practicing physician. With a few exceptions, each of the studies cited has been replicated with opposite or negative findings. The classic example is the two conflicting reports of the effects of marihuana on plasma testosterone levels, published in the same journal in the same year.<sup>1,2</sup>The reader is referred to a recent unbiased survey of the medical problems associated with cannabis that puts these scientific conflicts in perspective and also discusses the heretofore unpublished
Modification of the Gorlin equation for use with heart valve substitutes
Authors: W. B TINDALE, E A. TROWBRIDGE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

The Gorlin equation, which was used to assess the obstruction to flow by a stenosed heart valve, is based on steady flow (time independent) criteria derived from hydraulics. Recently, this equation has been used to obtain an effective orifice area for heart valve substitutes both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, a modification of the original Gorlin equation for use with heart valve substitutes considers both the pulsatility of the valvar flow and possible variations in volumetric flow waveforms induced by differences in myocardial performance. The modified equation also allows for the possibility of regurgitant flows. Its use is illustrated in a study of the hydrodynamic performance of a series of heart valve substitutues and recommendations are made concerning its application to cardiac catheterisation procedures.
Diagnosis of the Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Authors: George A. Omura
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Although the assay for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase deficiency described by Frost et al (<b>212</b>:316, 1970) is very interesting, it does not appear to have any advantage as a diagnostic test of Lesch-Nyhan syndrome compared with the assay of blood samples, such as described by Seegmiller et al<sup>1</sup>and by Berman et al.<sup>2</sup>
EFFECT OF PITUITRIN IN MALIGNANT DISEASE: CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS
Authors: E. W. Riches
Journal: BMJ (1932)

In a preliminary paper published in October, 1931, entitled " The role of the pituitary in the aetiology of cancer,"' Susman discusses some theoretical and experimental observations on the effect of injections of posterior pitui-tary extract and ovarian extract, combined with a low carbohydrate diet, on malignant growths, and gives notes of seven cases treated on these lines.His conclusions were that " all the cases showed regressive changes in the tumours, and life appeared to be definitely prolonged."It was felt that such results required verification by trial in other cases, and accordingly it was decided to treat a number of cancer cases in the wards of the Middlesex Hospital on the lines suggested, and at the same time to observe the physiological effects of large doses of pituitrin.Nine cases have been treated-five males and four females ; the oldest was 86, the youngest 27, and the average age of the series 56 years.Cases were selected in which there was no doubt as to the diagnosis of malignancy; in six it has been verified histologically, and in the remaining three the clinical evidence was beyond dispute.As far as possible cases were chosen in which the growth was visible or easily palpable.The sites of disease included the mouth, glands of the neck, vulva, rectum, and prostate. DETAILS OF TREATMENTAt the beginning of treatment the patients were put on a diet low in carbohydrate, a standard diabetic diet being taken as a basis, and modified slightly to meet individual needs.A detailed examination of the growth was made and recorded, the urinary output measured and the urine examined, and the blood pressure taken.In some cases electrocardiographic records were made.The dosage of pituitrin and theelin* (Parke; Davis and Co.) followed that given by Susman on general lines, but a certain amount of variation was introduced in the rate of increase of pituitrin -and in the amount of theelin.The initial dose of pituitrin was 0.5 -c.cm.; this -.as increased to 1 c.cm. twice daily by the fourth to the eighth day, and to 2 c.cm. twice daily by the seventh to the fourteenth day.In one or two cases as much as 4 c.cm. was given in one dose.The amount of theelin was kept constant at 0.3 or 0.5 c.cm., given in some cases once and in others twice daily.The initial injections were given subcutaneously, and then in most cases continued intramuscularly. CASE IEpithelioma of Floor of Mouth J. D., male, aged 60.Ulcer in floor of mouth with large secondary deposits in the right submaxillary region.There was fluctuation in parts of the mass in the neck and in one area the skin was reddened and about to break down.The * This consists of carbohydrate, 54 gramss; protein, 108 grams; fat, 114.9 grams-total calories, 1,679.I
INFARCT SIZE AND LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION IN THE PROXIMAL EMBOLIC PROTECTION IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND RESOLUTION OF ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION (PREPARE) TRIAL: ANCILLARY CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDY
Authors: Joost D. Haeck, Wichert J. Kuijt, Karel T. Koch, Luc Bilodeau, José P. Henriques, Wim J. Rohling, Jan Baan, Marije M. Vis, Robin Nijveldt, Nan Van Geloven, Maarten Groenink, Jan J. Piek, Jan G. Tijssen, Mitchell W. Krucoff, Robbert J. De Winter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
NEITHER GOOD KNEE STABILITY NOR RECOVERED MUSCULAR STRENGTH GUARANTEE SAFE RETURN TO SPORTS AFTER ANATOMICAL SINGLE- AND DOUBLE-BUNDLE ACL RECONSTRUCTION
Authors: E Tsuda, Y Hiraga, Y Yamamoto, S Maeda, Y Ishibashi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Recent innovation in ACL reconstruction has provided improved knee stability and function, however, the effect to decrease the incidence of the second ACL injury has not been established. Objective To determine the incidence of the second ACL injury after anatomical ACL reconstruction and the associated factors. Design Retrospective study. Setting Patients who underwent primary ACL reconstruction from 2003 to 2010 in our institute. Patients 177 patients received single-bundle reconstruction with a bone-patellar tendon-bone graft and 257 patients received double-bundle reconstruction with hamstring tendon grafts. Risk factor assessment The patients who suffered the second ACL injury were searched by reviewing medical records. Main outcome measurement Gender, age at the primary ACL surgery, graft type, traumatic event which caused second ACL injury, the period from the primary ACL surgery to the second ACL injury, and the stability of ACL-reconstructed knee and muscular recovery rate of quadriceps and hamstrings immediate before the second ACL injury were investigated in the patients with the second ACL injury. Results 34 patients (7.8%) had reconstructed ACL tear and 32 patients (7.4%) had contralateral ACL tear. The second ACL injury frequently occurred in lower age patients, while was not associated with gender, graft type. All patients except one had the second ACL injury after return to sports. Before the second ACL injury, 92.4% ACL-reconstructed knees showed 1 mm or less of side-to-side difference in KT-1000 measurements, and 89.4% knees were negative in pivot-shift test. Good muscular recovery with more than 80% of healthy side achieved in 89.4% before the second ACL injury. Conclusions The good results in either knee stability or muscular recovery after anatomically ACL-reconstructed knee does not guarantee safe return to sports or decreased risk of the second ACL injury.
Signaling Pathways and Genes that Inhibit Pathogen-Induced Macrophage Apoptosis— CREB and NF-κB as Key Regulators
Authors: Jin Mo Park, Florian R. Greten, Athena Wong, Randal J. Westrick, J. Simon C. Arthur, Kinya Otsu, Alexander Hoffmann, Marc Montminy, Michael Karin
Journal: Immunity (2005)
Assessment of the Relationship between Aortic Stiffness and Left Ventricular Functions with Echocardiography in Patients with Sjogren's Syndrome
Authors: Ömer Faruk Çiçek, Nihal Akar Bayram, Şükran Erten, Abdullah Nabi Aslan, Hüseyin Ayhan, Cenk Sarı, Mehmet Burak Özen, Emine Bilen, Serdal Baştuğ, Tahir Durmaz, Telat Keleş, Engin Bozkurt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
High-Magnification Chromoscopic Ileoscopy in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis: Detection In Vivo of Colonic Metaplasia and Microadenoma Formation
Authors: D. P. Hurlstone, S. S. Cross, A. J. Lobo
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

Figure 1 Ileal microadenomas with morphological features similar to colorectal aberrant crypt foci occur in the ileum of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Ileal microadenomas may occur secondarily to ileal-colonic metaplasia. High-magnification chromoscopic endoscopy permits in vivo observation of this phenomenon. These views were obtained during a 50-cm ileoscopy of a patient with sporadic FAP. a Terminal-ileal views at 5 cm from the ileocaecal valve using 0.05 % indigo carmine. The villous pattern is replaced with a Kudo type I crypt typical of columnar epithelium (magnification × 100). b and c View at 10 cm from the ileocaecal valve using 0.05 % indigo carmine. Diminutive protrusions cluster among the normal ”round” villous network. The protruded areas demonstrate small crypt openings (magnification × 100).