tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2507: Circulating proteolytic products of carboxypeptidase N for early detection of breast cancer
Authors: Ye Hu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Carboxypeptidase N (CPN) plays an important role in regulating vasoactive peptide hormones, growth factors, and cytokines by specifically cleaving their C-terminal basic residues. Herein we demonstrated that the circulating peptides specifically cleaved by CPN in the tumor microenvironment can indeed be stage-specific indicators of breast cancer. Methods: The activity of CPN was evaluated using an ex-vivo peptide cleavage assay, in which synthesized C3f peptide (His6-C3f_S1304-R1320-His6) is incubated in interstitial fluids of breast tumor and adjacent normal breast tissues in mice with orthotopic implantation of the human cell line MDA-MB-231. Fragment profiling, by an approach combining nanopore fractionation and mass spectrometry, revealed the nature and extent of cleavage by CPN. These results correlated with the level of CPN-catalyzed peptides in blood specimens taken from the tumor-bearing mice, healthy women and breast cancer patients. CPN expression in the same set of samples was further examined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting. Results: We showed that generation of C3f_R1310-L1319 specifically correlated with the CPN expression level. In both the mouse and clinical patient samples, the amount of CPN was clearly increased in tumor tissues compared to that seen in normal breast tissue, while its counterpart in blood remained constant. The amount of 6 CPN-catalyzed peptides predominantly increased in sera taken from the mice (n=8) at 2 weeks after orthotropic implantation. Six homologous peptides displayed the significantly higher expression in the patients' plasma as early as the first pathologic stage of breast cancer. Conclusions: The amount of circulating CPN-catalyzed peptides reported here reflects the extent of this enzyme's activity in tumors, and our results clearly indicate their strong potential as biomarkers for non-invasive and early diagnosis of breast cancer. It would certainly be naïve to think that CPN-catalyzed peptides and the enzyme itself are the only biomarkers specific for breast cancer diagnosis. We do however argue that they can be used as a complementary measure for very early diagnosis of tumor growth, particularly because CPN activity within the tumor at this point is already detectable by blood sampling. Such sensitivity together with all of the features mentioned above lend well to their translation to the clinic, for breast cancer and perhaps other pathologies. Citation Format: Ye Hu. Circulating proteolytic products of carboxypeptidase N for early detection of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2507. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2507
Ultrasonography of Digestive Diseases.
Authors: Francis S. Weill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

The New Aerobics"and "R.C.A.F.5BX for Men" (Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 1959).Even in the sections on sociology there are too few recent references and an excessive number of nonscholarly citations.One final source of annoyance to the reader outside the United States is the repeated discussion of issues from a national rather than an international perspective.In summary, persons who wish an introduction to the humanistic concerns of physical education could profit from reading sections of this book.However, the treatment of the biologic aspects of movement in humans will be frustrating not only for physicians but also for students who are entering university with a much greater knowledge of body function than is displayed by this book.
Some Observations as to the Results of Phrenic-Exeresis in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: A. T. Cooper
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 June 1931Some Observations as to the Results of Phrenic-Exeresis in Pulmonary TuberculosisA. T. COOPER, M.C.A. T. COOPER, M.C.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-12-1569 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAvulsion of the phrenic nerve has been used as one of the agencies in collapse therapy for treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis at Fitzsimons General Hospital since approximately 1922.Notwithstanding the fact that this operation has been of record in medical annals since 1913, the Staff at this Hospital, previously to 1922, felt some reluctance in recommending it, because the ultimate result as to the thinning and paralysis of the diaphragmatic muscles with the extent of the ascent of the upper abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity, was unknown. It was feared with complete and permanent paralysis of a diaphragmatic leaflet,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: U. S. Army*From The Medical Service, Fitzsimons General Hospital, Denver, Colo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1931Volume 4, Issue 12Page: 1569-1573KeywordsMedical servicesMusclesNervesParalysis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...
Bcl-2 rearrangement in patients with chronic hepatitis C associated with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia type II
Authors: Yona Kitay-Cohen, Aliza Amiel, Nir Hilzenrat, Dan Buskila, Yaffa Ashur, Moshe Fejgin, Elena Gaber, Rifaat Safadi, Ran Tur-kaspa, Michael Lishner
Journal: Blood (2000)
Clinical and genetic predictors of response to narrowband ultraviolet B for the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: C. Ryan, L. Renfro, P. Collins, B. Kirby, S. Rogers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

There is considerable variability in the number of exposures of narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) needed to clear psoriasis and in the duration of remission.We assessed clinical parameters as predictors of the number of exposures needed to clear psoriasis and of the duration of remission. The influence of genetic polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on treatment response was also evaluated.This was a prospective study of 119 patients with chronic plaque psoriasis treated with NB-UVB until clearance was achieved. They were then followed for up to 1 year or until relapse occurred. The frequency of the Fok1, Apa1, Bsm1, Taq1 and rs4516035 polymorphisms of the VDR gene was assessed in 93 of the 119 patients.Of the 119 patients, 105 completed the course of phototherapy. Using an intention to treat analysis, 83% of the initial cohort (99 of 119 patients) achieved clearance, in a median of 26 exposures (interquartile range 19-35) with a median remission duration of 16 weeks (interquartile range 9-22). Factors significantly associated with a lower number of exposures to clearance included a lower baseline Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (P = 0·004), lower baseline Dermatology Life Quality Index (P = 0·047), female sex (P = 0·043), lower body weight (P = 0·008), and a higher number of previous courses of TL-01 (P = 0·005). The only clinical factor influencing remission duration was number of exposures (P = 0·0009), with a decreased remission duration in those who required a greater number of exposures to clear. The Taq1 VDR polymorphism (rs731236) also significantly predicted remission duration (P = 0·038). Patients homozygous for the C allele, which is associated with decreased activity of the VDR, had a shorter remission duration than those heterozygous for the allele (P = 0·026) and those homozygous for the T allele (P = 0·013).This study highlights the fact that both genetic and clinical parameters are important in determining treatment outcomes in psoriasis.
Why Britain needs a nicotine regulation authority
Authors: J. Britton
Journal: BMJ (2001)

To bring consistency and regulation to tobacco and alternative nicotine products 

In the United Kingdom, as in most developed countries, strict laws apply to the production and supply of goods and services to the public. An important function of this legislation is to protect consumers from damage caused by the products they buy, and in many cases this protection extends to levels of risk that are, at an individual level, extremely small. It is therefore an anomaly that cigarettes, which if used as intended kill half of all regular consumers,1 enjoy remarkable freedom from consumer protection legislation.

Cigarettes are not a food, so are not regulated by the Food Standards Agency, and not medicines, so are not regulated by the Medicines Control Agency. They are a consumer product but are exempt from the Consumer Protection Act 1987 and General Product Safety Regulations 1994. Thus the most dangerous product on general sale in the UK is subject to the least regulatory control.

Cigarettes kill because they produce nicotine, which …
THE RÔLE OF ELASTIC TISSUE IN THE FORMATION OF THE ARTERIOSCLEROTIC LESION
Authors: A I LANSING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Article1 January 1952THE RÔLE OF ELASTIC TISSUE IN THE FORMATION OF THE ARTERIOSCLEROTIC LESIONA. I. LANSINGA. I. LANSINGSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-36-1-39 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptArteriosclerosis is currently believed to be a metabolic disorder, a disturbance of cholesterol metabolism which, by some obscure means, leads to accumulation of cholesterol in the lining of arteries. It is further proposed that aging is not a factor in the genesis of arteriosclerosis, since fatty plaques can be experimentally produced in some animals at any age.This concept of arteriosclerosis is not entirely satisfying. It does not explain the fact that some plaques are entirely fibrous and do not contain cholesterol; it does not explain the focal nature of arteriosclerotic lesions, the greater severity of lesions in the abdominal... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Louis, Missouri*Presented at the Thirty-second Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, St. Louis, Mo., April 13, 1951.From the Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Mo. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMurine Aortic Aneurysm Produced by Periarterial Application of Calcium ChlorideStudy of the intraosseous vessels of the femoral head in patients with fractures of the femoral neck or osteoarthritis of the hipHistochemical Investigations of Elastin, Collastin, and Other CollagensOrcein, collastin and pseudo-elastica: a re-investigation of Unna's conceptsLight microscopic distinction between elastin, pseudo-elastica (type III collagen?) and interstitial collagenFluorescence microscopic distinction between elastin and collagenAlpha-ray Activity in the Large Human ArteriesARTERIOSCLEROSIS IN MAN, OTHER MAMMALS AND BIRDSConnective Tissue Changes in AtherosclerosisPathology of coronary arteriosclerosis∗Elastic degeneration as source of lipids in the early lesion of atherosclerosisALTERATIONS IN HUMAN AORTA AND PULMONARY ARTERY WITH AGEHISTOCHEMICAL STUDIES ON ELASTIC MEMBRANES OF FETAL HUMAN AORTAEIsolation of Hyaluronic Acid and Chondroitin-sulphuric Acid from Human AortaeReflections on the Pathologic Physiology of AtherosclerosisDie Coronarerkrankungen. Coronarinsuffizienz, Angina pectoris und HerzinfarktROLE OF LIPIDS OF AORTIC ELASTIC FIBRES IN ATHEROGENESISVascular lesions in diabetes mellitus 1 January 1952Volume 36, Issue 1Page: 39-49KeywordsAgingArteriesCholesterolLesionsMedical servicesMetabolic disorders ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 17011: Gender Differences in the Cardiovascular Risk Factors in First acute myocardial infarction in a Middle Eastern Country over a 20-year period
Authors: Emad Ahmed, Ayman El-Menyar, Jassim Al Suwaidi, Hajar AH AlBinAli, Rajvir Singh, Abdurrazzak A Gehani
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a global health problem and a leading cause of death worldwide. Hypothesis: In Middle East, the rate of CAD is expected to rise in parallel with the increase in per capita income and cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) burden. The present study evaluates temporal trends in CVRFs stratified by gender over a 20-year period in Qatar. Methods: All patients hospitalized with first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during the study period were analyzed and compared in 2 groups: group 1 (1991-2000) and group 2 (2001-2010). Results: Among 10,915 patients who were admitted with first AMI, 9610 (88%) were men and 1305 (12%) were women. The overall mean age was 52.7±11.8 years. The overall rate of hospitalization increased from 34% to 66% (p&lt;0.001), representing a relative increase by 48%.The proportion of men to women remained relatively constant.During the study period. most of the measured CVRFs have shown a steady upward trend in both sexes. Compared to men, women were older, had a higher burden of CVRFs and presented mainly with non-ST-elevation MI. However, in comparison to group 1, women in group 2 had significant increases in the prevalence of dyslipidemia and obesity. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female gender was independent predictor of in-hospital mortality (odd ratio 1.92, 95% CI 1.60-2.77). Conclusions: Over the study period, the rate hospitalization increased by nearly half, this potentially could be explained by the unfavorable alteration in the major modifiable CVRFs. Furthermore, women with acute myocardial infarction represent a higher risk group.
White blood cell recovery after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation predicts clinical outcome
Authors: Haesook T. Kim, David Frederick, Philippe Armand, Emily Andler, Grace Kao, Corey Cutler, John Koreth, Edwin P. Alyea, Joseph H. Antin, Robert J. Soiffer, Jerome Ritz, Vincent T. Ho
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

To determine whether outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) could be estimated by using peripheral white blood cell count (WBC) as a metric that integrates several aspects of HCT recovery, we conducted a retrospective study of 1,109 adult patients who underwent first allogeneic HCT from 2003 through 2009. WBC at 1–3 months after HCT was categorized as low (&lt;2), normal (2–10), and high (&gt;10 × 10 9 cells/L). Overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were lower for patients with low or high WBC at 1–3 months after HCT ( P &lt; 0.0001). We developed a predictive three‐group risk model based on the pattern of WBC recovery early after HCT. Five‐year OS was 47, 30, and 15% ( P &lt; 0.0001) and 5‐year PFS was 39, 22, and 14% for patients in the three different risk groups ( P &lt; 0.0001). The pattern of WBC recovery early after HCT provides prognostic information for relapse, nonrelapse mortality, progression‐free survival, and overall survival. A scoring system based on the trajectory of the WBC in the first 3 months after HCT can effectively stratify patients into three groups with different PFS and OS. If validated, this system could be useful in the clinical management of patients after HCT, and to stratify patients enrolled on HCT clinical trials. Am. J. Hematol. 89:591–597, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
THERAPEUTIC STUDIES IN HYPERTHYROIDISM
Authors: Paul Starr, Herman Pomerenze
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1941)

Article1 August 1941THERAPEUTIC STUDIES IN HYPERTHYROIDISMPAUL STARR, M.D., HERMAN POMERENZE, M.D.PAUL STARR, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HERMAN POMERENZE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15-2-226 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFor several years attempts to suppress hyperthyroidism by various medicaments have been carried out in our clinic. The rationale of this project is furnished by the occurrence of spontaneous remissions occasionally observed in this disease and the physiological demonstration of a chalone type of mechanism in other endocrine relationships. Of the latter, pituitary suppression by estrogens, inhibition of lactation by androgens, and estrogen neutralization by progestin, may be mentioned. It would seem probable, therefore, that a physiological control of the over-active thyroid would be possible if a condition or substance acting as a chalone for the thyroid could be discovered....References STARR P: Clinical studies with thyrotropic pituitary hormone, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1935, xxxiii, 462-464. CrossrefGoogle Scholar STARRPATTON PH: Studies of variations in individual human response to thyrotropic hormone preparations, Ann. Trans. Am. Assoc. for the Study of Goiter (in press), West. Jr. Surg. Google Scholar STARRPATTON PH: Observations of remissions in hyperthyroidism induced by pregnancy urine extract, ANN. INT. MED., 1935, viii, 825-833. Google Scholar KUNDE MM: Studies on metabolism: experimental hyperthyroidism, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1927, lxxxii, 195-215. CrossrefGoogle Scholar KUSCHINSKY G: Über die Bedingungen der Sekretion des Thyreotropen Hormons der Hypophyse, Arch. f. exper. Path. u. Pharmakol., 1933, clxx, 510-533. CrossrefGoogle Scholar STARR P: Course of hyperthyroidism under iodine medication, Arch. Int. Med., 1927, xxxix, 520-535. CrossrefGoogle Scholar LEVY SIMPSON S: Value of testosterone propionate in hyperthyroidism, Postgrad. Med. Jr., 1938, xiv, 144-146. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Received for publication August 5, 1940.From the Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDiseases of the Thyroid Gland 1 August 1941Volume 15, Issue 2Page: 226-243KeywordsAndrogensEstrogensHyperthyroidismLactationThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of Systemic Follistatin as an Adjuvant to Stimulate Muscle Repair and Improve Motor Function in Pompe Mice
Authors: Joseph W Foley, Scott D Bercury, Patrick Finn, Seng H Cheng, Ronald K Scheule, Robin J Ziegler
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Due to the lack of acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) activity, Pompe mice develop glycogen storage pathology and progressive skeletal muscle dysfunction with age. Applying either gene or enzyme therapy to reconstitute GAA levels in older, symptomatic Pompe mice effectively reduces glycogen storage in skeletal muscle but provides only modest improvements in motor function. As strategies to stimulate muscle hypertrophy, such as by myostatin inhibition, have been shown to improve muscle pathology and strength in mouse models of muscular dystrophy, we sought to determine whether these benefits might be similarly realized in Pompe mice. Administration of a recombinant adeno-associated virus serotype 8 vector encoding follistatin, an inhibitor of myostatin, increased muscle mass and strength but only in Pompe mice that were treated before 10 months of age. Younger Pompe mice showed significant muscle fiber hypertrophy in response to treatment with follistatin, but maximal gains in muscle strength were achieved only when concomitant GAA administration reduced glycogen storage in the affected muscles. Despite increased grip strength, follistatin treatment failed to improve rotarod performance. These findings highlight the importance of treating Pompe skeletal muscle before pathology becomes irreversible, and suggest that adjunctive therapies may not be effective without first clearing skeletal muscle glycogen storage with GAA.
Abstract 18949: Post-Extrasystolic T-Wave Change Predicts Mortality in Survivors of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Georg Schmidt, Daniel Sinnecker, Alexander Müller, Michael Dommasch, Marek Malik, Petra Barthel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The T-wave of the first normal beat after a ventricular premature complex (VPC) often differs in shape in terms of a change in the T-wave amplitude or in the direction of the T-wave vector. The phenomenon of post-extrasystolic T-wave change (PEST) was first reported by White in 1915 and confirmed in many clinical and experimental studies. However, PEST has not led to a meaningful clinical application. In this study, we tested whether PEST provides prognostic information in contemporarily treated post-MI patients. Methods and Results: 941 consecutive patients (mean age 61 years, 19% female) presenting with acute MI were enrolled between May 2000 and March 2005. All patients underwent 30-minute recordings of high resolution ECG (1.6 kHz sampling of orthogonal XYZ leads). 224 patients showed VPCs during the 30-minutes. We quantified PEST by two variables (1) change in T-wave area and (2) change in the angle of the T-wave vector in each case compared to the average of three T-waves before and after the first post-extrasysolic beat. PEST was defined as ratio TPEST/T±3 area &lt;1 and ratio TPEST/T±3 angle ≥ 5°. PEST was present in 63 of the 224 patients. Primary endpoint was total mortality during a follow-up period of five years. Uni- and multivariable analyses were performed with traditional risk stratifiers like LVEF ≤ 35%, GRACE score ≥ 120 points and VPC count ≥ 5 per 30 minutes. During the follow-up, 26 of the patients died. PEST shows the strongest association with mortality in the univariable analysis followed by GRACE score, frequent VPCs and reduced LVEF In the multivariable analysis only PEST and GRACE score were independent predictors of mortality (see table). Conclusions: PEST is significantly associated with mortality in survivors of an acute myocardial infarction, and is independent of standard risk predictors. We assume that PEST might becaused by abnormal transmural gradients in action potential duration.
Non-type I cystinuria caused by mutations in SLC7A9, encoding a subunit (bo,+AT) of rBAT
Authors: Lídia Feliubadaló, Mariona Font, Jesús Purroy, Ferran Rousaud, Xavier Estivill, Virginia Nunes, Eliahu Golomb, Michael Centola, Ivona Aksentijevich, Yitshak Kreiss, Boleslaw Goldman, Mordechai Pras, Daniel L. Kastner, Elon Pras, Paolo Gasparini, Luigi Bisceglia, Ercole Beccia, Michele Gallucci, Luisa de Sanctis, Alberto Ponzone, Gian Franco Rizzoni, Leopoldo Zelante, Maria Teresa Bassi, Alfred L. George Jr, Marta Manzoni, Alessandro De Grandi, Mirko Riboni, John K. Endsley, Andrea Ballabio, Giuseppe Borsani, Núria Reig, Esperanza Fernández, Raúl Estévez, Marta Pineda, David Torrents, Marta Camps, Jorge Lloberas, Antonio Zorzano, Manuel Palacín
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)