tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2681: Identification of potential immunologic targets found in mice and man that are expressed in colon adenomas and colorectal cancer
Authors: Elizabeth K. Broussard, David K. Pritchard, Ronald A. Lubet, Mary L. Disis
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Multiple recent studies have demonstrated that colorectal cancer (CRC) is immunogenic and that host adaptive immunity may play a role in inhibiting disease relapse. We have shown that overexpressed tumor associated proteins, those abundant in the cancer state but expressed at basal levels normal cells, can be immunogenic. The purpose of this study was to identify genes overexpressed in colorectal adenoma that maintain upregulation in CRC using publicly available microarray datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus. Such genes may encode proteins that could be suitable as immunologic targets for a colon cancer vaccine. We identified 7 high-quality datasets (GSE 867, 4183, 1095, 5206, 15960) where human adenomatous or CRC tissue was directly compared to normal colon. Inclusion criteria for the datasets included: commercial platforms, primary tissue, normal colon expression included, data generated after 2005, and access to microarray data. We reanalyzed these datasets and identified 100 genes that were ≥ 2-fold up-regulated in both adenomas and CRC, relative to normal colon. We further characterized these genes using a scoring system using the following criteria: 1) strong expression in CRC as compared to normal colon (RNA and protein), 2) evidence that the gene is biologically important in CRC initiation or progression, 3) limited expression of the gene in normal tissues, and 4) proven immunogenicity of the encoded protein. We hypothesized that genes that were highly conserved across species would potentially have greater biologic relevance, so we identified relevant microarray studies in mouse CRC models. We identified 2 studies (GSE 422, 784) which were limited in their data set and performed a similar analysis. We identified 93 murine genes that were conserved from adenoma to carcinoma. Comparison of the human and rodent data set revealed an overlap of 11 genes. We conclude that there are a limited number of genes up-regulated in adenoma and carcinoma and conserved across disease in mouse and man. If these proteins are immunogenic, they may serve as novel immunologic targets to prevent the progression from normal colonic epithelium to adenoma or carcinoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2681. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2681
THE BLOOD PRESSURE IN PARESIS.
Authors: G. L. WALTON
Journal: JAMA (1906)

There is a general belief that the blood pressure in paresis is low. This belief is based mainly on the observations of Pilcz,<sup>1</sup>who found normal tension in the earlier stages, falling tension as the disease advanced, with extreme hypotension in the terminal states. Janeway<sup>2</sup>regards this hypotension as analogous to the pressure of other wasting diseases but rather more pronounced. Pilcz used the Gaertner instrument. Alexander,<sup>3</sup>a year later, stated that the blood pressure in paresis was low in the end stages. From an examination of ten cases Craig<sup>4</sup>found the blood pressure in paretics high in the depressed condition, low in the excited. He regards his observations as favoring but not establishing Cramer's theory, that blood pressure is a cause of mental states and rapid changes. These observations would naturally lead to the hope that we have in blood pressure a practical aid in
Liver Membrane Antibodies Detected by Immunoradiometric Assay in Acute and Chronic Virus-Induced and Autoimmune Liver Disease
Authors: K. H. Wiedmann, T. C. Bartholemew, D. J. C. Brown, Howard C. Thomas
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

In this study, we describe a radioimmunoassay to detect liver membrane binding antibodies. The assay was designed to exclude binding of aggregated IgG or immune complexes to Fc 7 receptors of hepatocytes. When this assay was applied to sera from 142 patients, antibodies were found in highest titer in patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, rarely in patients with hepatitis B virus-induced chronic active liver disease, and in 32% of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. IgM antibodies were found in 100% of patients with acute Type A but not B or non-A, non-B hepatitis. IgA class antibodies were found in the sera of 57% of patients with alcohol-induced hepatitis. All patient groups showing significant titers of liver membrane antibodies display the lesion of piecemeal necrosis except those with alcohol-induced hepatitis. Further studies are needed to determine whether this antibody is the cause of the lesion.
The Foggy Poll
Authors: Franz J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Dear "Old Timer,"Your first request, which I answered last week, was that the Journal have more good review articles. Your second was that a mail poll on this and other matters be undertaken. Although polls of this type may at first glance seem helpful, I should like to offer you reasons why their usefulness is limited and their philosophy dubious.Polls certainly yield numbers, but what do they mean? About 20,000 Journal subscribers have used the self-addressed postcards, included in the abstract booklets sent out in the past half-year, to express their view on the utility of these abstracts. . . .
Intestinal attraction: CCL25 functions in effector lymphocyte recruitment to the small intestine
Authors: Daniel J. Campbell, Eugene C. Butcher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

A large surface area and continuous exposure to the outside environment through food intake make the intestines an ideal location for the growth and/or entry of pathogenic microorganisms and parasites. It is therefore not surprising that large numbers of lymphocytes are associated with the intestines within specialized gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) and in the intestines themselves (1). Within the intestines, lymphocytes are localized in two main compartments, the lamina propria (LP) and the intestinal epithelium (IE). Intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) consist mainly of cytotoxic T cells and have been divided into two subsets, type a and type b, based on their mode of antigen recognition (2). Responses of type a IELs are MHC restricted and directed against peptides derived from invading pathogens. Type b IELs display limited T cell receptor (TCR) diversity (both αβ and γδ TCRs are utilized), are not restricted by classical MHC molecules, and are thought to be largely autoreactive, recognizing
How long do the systemic and ventilatory responses to toluene diisocyanate persist in dermally sensitized mice?
Authors: Jeroen A.J. Vanoirbeek, Vanessa De Vooght, Hadewijch M. Vanhooren, Tim S. Nawrot, Benoit Nemery, Peter H.M. Hoet
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Effect of aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on colorectal adenomas: case-control study of subjects participating in the Nottingham faecal occult blood screening programme.
Authors: R F Logan, J Little, P G Hawtin, J D Hardcastle
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the relation between the use of aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the presence of asymptomatic colorectal adenomas. DESIGN--Case-control study of subjects participating in a randomised controlled trial of faecal occult blood screening for colorectal cancer. Data on analgesics and other drugs were obtained from a questionnaire which was mainly concerned with diet and was administered by an interviewer. SETTING--Nottingham. SUBJECTS--147 patients with positive results in faecal occult blood tests who were found to have colorectal adenomas (cases), 153 age and sex matched control subjects with negative results in such tests (negative controls), and 176 control subjects with positive results in the tests who were found not to have colorectal adenomas (positive controls). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Relative risk of developing colorectal adenomas according to frequency and duration of use of analgesics. RESULTS--Cases reported taking less aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs than the negative controls, with the estimated relative risk for any use being 0.49 (95% confidence interval 0.3 to 0.8). The inverse association was less strong when cases were compared with the positive controls (0.66 (0.4 to 1.1)). The association was specific for aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs there being no association with paracetamol or other drugs. Prescribed use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for longer than five years was associated with the lowest risk (0.21 (0.1 to 0.8)), although the numbers reporting prolonged prescribed use were small. CONCLUSIONS--These findings support the hypothesis that aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use protects against the development of colorectal neoplasia.
The intestinal epithelium is an integral component of a communications network
Authors: Martin F. Kagnoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

The epithelial lining of the intestine forms a barrier that separates the intestinal lumen from the host’s internal milieu and is critical for fluid and electrolyte secretion and nutrient absorption. In the early 1990s, my laboratory discovered that intestinal epithelial cells could alter their phenotype and produce proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines when stimulated by pathogenic enteric luminal microbes or proinflammatory agonists produced by cells in the underlying mucosa. It is now well accepted that intestinal epithelial cells can be induced to express and secrete specific arrays of cytokines, chemokines, and antimicrobial defense molecules. The coordinated release of molecules by intestinal epithelial cells is crucial for activating intestinal mucosal inflammatory responses as well as mucosal innate and adaptive immune responses. More recent studies have focused on the intestinal epithelial signaling pathways that culminate in immune activation as well as the role of these pathways in host defense, mucosal injury, mucosal wound healing, and tumorigenesis. The emerging picture indicates that intestinal epithelial cells represent an integral component of a highly regulated communications network that can transmit essential signals to cells in the underlying intestinal mucosa, and that intestinal epithelial cells, in turn, serve as targets of mucosal mediators. These signals are essential for maintaining intestinal mucosal defense and homeostasis.
How life events change patients' perspectives of their conditions
Authors: Alison Duncan, Richard Azurdia, Julian Verbov
Journal: BMJ (2004)

determine the value of the additional therapies at the margin, examine the effect of their decisions on the whole NHS, and also provide incentives to balance cost enhancing against cost reducing recommendations.The pharmaceutical industry is unlikely to react positively to these proposals, as they would make rationing tighter and potentially shrink its UK market.Such a reversal of NICE's current propensity to be the marketing arm for companies would have political consequences and requires careful management.
CSM takes small step towards openness
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The Committee on Safety of Medicines is to publish edited minutes of its meetings on its website, including details of any members who declared links with pharmaceutical companies. Its decision to adopt a more open approach to the public follows a ruling by Michael Buckley, the health service ombudsman, in August.

The committee is one of the independent advisory bodies that give advice to the Medicines Control Agency on whether a particular drug should receive a licence in the United Kingdom.

The ombudsman's ruling resulted from a complaint made by Charles Medawar, director of the consumer lobby group Social Audit, who had asked the committee for information which he said should have been made available to him under the government's Code of Practice on Access to Government Information. …
Redistribution of red blood cell flow in microcirculatory networks by hemodilution.
Authors: A R Pries, A Fritzsche, K Ley, P Gaehtgens
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

The effect of isovolemic hemodilution on red blood cell flow distribution was studied in complete self-contained microvessel networks of the rat mesentery. Hematocrit, diameter, and length of all vessel segments as well as the topological structure were determined in control networks (systemic hematocrit, 0.54) and after hemodilution (systemic hematocrit, 0.30). Hemodilution was performed by exchanging blood with hydroxyethyl starch (MW 450,000; 6%) or homologous plasma. With hemodilution, the decrease of microvessel hematocrit exceeded that of systemic hematocrit. The average discharge hematocrit in capillaries was 79% of systemic hematocrit in the control group and 73% with hemodilution (p less than 0.001). The heterogeneity of capillary hematocrit within the network, expressed by the coefficient of variation, increased from 0.4 to 0.7. By using the morphological and topological data of four networks, the distribution of hematocrits was also calculated using a hydrodynamic flow model. The modeling results were found to be in close agreement with the experimental data. This indicates that the observed changes can be deduced from established rheological phenomena, most of all phase separation at arteriolar bifurcations. The changes in hematocrit distribution after hemodilution are accompanied by a redistribution of red blood cell flow within the network: relative to total red blood cell flow, red blood cell flow in the distal capillaries of the network increases by about 40% at the expense of the proximal capillaries that are close to the feeding arteriole and that exhibit the highest red blood cell flow under control conditions.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Note on a Sequela of Infantile Purulent Ophthalmia; and a Cause of Epiphora not Previously Noticed
Authors: J. V. Solomon
Journal: BMJ (1861)

shaped crystals of uric acid, with a very small number of fibrinous casts of the tubules.The crystals present a linear arrangement, of the size of a kidney-tubule, and were closely packed, as if formed in the tubules before being discharged.The child was much better, though still with a poor appetite.g Tincture fern muriatis 3 ij; syr.glycyrrh.tj; inf.quassife Sv.M. Suumat 3 ij ter die.Repetatur pulvis.Tonics, as the syrup of iodide of iron and cod-liver ,oil, were continued a little longer without a relapse, cintil the cure was established.;SOUTH LONDON
Cyclic Nucleotide-induced Maturation of Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Thomas J. Chaplinski, James E. Niedel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Myeloid differentiation in vitro is characterized by the sequential appearance of morphological, functional, and biochemical markers of maturation. We examined the effect of agents that increased the intracellular concentration of adenosine 3′5′-cyclic monophosphate on the expression of these markers by human promyelocytic leukemia cells (HL60). Cells treated with 500 μM N6,O2-dibutyryl adenosine 3′5′-cyclic monophosphate expressed formyl peptide and complement receptors, reduced nitroblue tetrazolium, adhered to substrate, demonstrated chemotaxis and stimulated lysosomal enzyme release, rapidly ceased proliferation, and assumed the morphology of myelocytes and metamyelocytes. Prostaglandin E2 (100 nM) and theophyllin (500 μM) induced similar functional changes but the cells did not mature beyond the myelocyte stage. Cholera toxin (1 or 50 nM) induced formyl-peptide receptor expression and adherence, but the cells did not reduce nitroblue tetrazolium, continued to proliferate, and were unchanged morphologically. Formyl-peptide receptor expression was the earliest marker of these modified programs of maturation. The receptor appeared within 2 h after treatment and increased linearly for 72 h. Receptor expression was dependent on new protein synthesis. At 48 h, Scatchard analysis demonstrated 2.4 × 105 receptors/ cell with a KD of 1.3 nM.
A Three-Part Intervention To Change the Use of Hormone Replacement Therapy in Response to New Evidence
Authors: Christianne L. Roumie, Eric L. Grogan, William Falbe, Joseph Awad, Theodore Speroff, Robert S. Dittus, Tom A. Elasy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Slow adaptation of new information by providers may result in suboptimal care.To evaluate changes in prescriptions for combination hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after a multicomponent intervention to deliver new information to patients and providers.Quasi-experimental study with multiple baselines.Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley Healthcare System (VA-TVHS).Female veterans age 50 to 79 years who had a prescription filled at the VA-TVHS for combination HRT between 1 January 2002 and 1 July 2002.Discontinuation of HRT.A 3-part intervention consisted of 1) notifying patients who were using combination HRT of the results of the Women's Health Initiative study (patient education component), 2) sending all providers an e-mail with the Women's Health Initiative study results (provider education component), and 3) placing an electronic alert in each eligible patient's chart (provider care component). The alert asked providers to reevaluate the need for combination HRT. The intervention was implemented at different VA-TVHS sites in a stepwise fashion to differentiate intervention effect from media effect. Study follow-up continued through 31 December 2002.The total rate of discontinuation of combination HRT was 70.3% in 2002. The proportion of discontinuation from time of media release until intervention was 23.3%. After initiation of the intervention, an additional 43% of the original cohort discontinued use of HRT; this percentage represents a 59% relative decrease in HRT use among patients. After adjustment for time, the discontinuation rate per day was 4.9 times higher after the multifacted intervention than after the media release (95% CI, 1.8 to 13.1).A true control group is lacking.A multifaceted approach in an integrated health care system with standardized methods of communication is an effective way to implement patient-centered, effective, and timely care with changing medical knowledge.
Prevalence, characteristics and clinical implications of regular atrial tachyarrhythmias in patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from a study using a new implantable device
Authors: Carsten W Israel, Joachim R Ehrlich, Gerian Grönefeld, Armin Klesius, Thomas Lawo, Bernd Lemke, Stefan H Hohnloser
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Insect Bite Reactions
Authors: CLAUDE A. FRAZIER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 June 1972Insect Bite ReactionsCLAUDE A. FRAZIER, M.D.CLAUDE A. FRAZIER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-6-1048_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I am compiling case reports of allergic reactions to biting insects, that is, mosquitos, fleas, kissing bugs, bed bugs, gnats, and flies—including horsefly, sandfly, and deerfly. I am also interested in reactions to fire ants.I would like physicians to supply me with case reports of those patients who have had reactions to such insects. Include in your reports the history of the type of reaction, and complications if any; the immediate treatment; and, if descensitization was attempted, what were the results? Send these to me at: 4-C Doctors Park, Asheville, N. C. 28801.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Doctors Park Building 4 Asheville, N.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVenoms of Vespidae 1 June 1972Volume 76, Issue 6Page: 1048-1048KeywordsAllergy and immunologyAntsFleas ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Response of psoriasis to psoralen-UVB photochemotherapy
Authors: A. SAKUNTABHAI, B.L. DIFFEY, P.M. FARR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Response of psoriasis to psoralen‐UVB photochemotherapy Get access A. SAKUNTABHAI, A. SAKUNTABHAI Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.L. DIFFEY, B.L. DIFFEY Regional Medical Physics Department, Dryburn Hospital Durham, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.M. FARR P.M. FARR Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Dr P.M. Faarr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 3, 1 March 1993, Pages 296–300, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00174.x Published: 01 March 1993 Article history Accepted: 30 October 1992 Published: 01 March 1993
Diabetes Prevention in the Real World: Effectiveness of Pragmatic Lifestyle Interventions for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes and of the Impact of Adherence to Guideline Recommendations
Authors: Alison J. Dunkley, Danielle H. Bodicoat, Colin J. Greaves, Claire Russell, Thomas Yates, Melanie J. Davies, Kamlesh Khunti
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE To summarize the evidence on effectiveness of translational diabetes prevention programs, based on promoting lifestyle change to prevent type 2 diabetes in real-world settings and to examine whether adherence to international guideline recommendations is associated with effectiveness. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Bibliographic databases were searched up to July 2012. Included studies had a follow-up of ≥12 months and outcomes comparing change in body composition, glycemic control, or progression to diabetes. Lifestyle interventions aimed to translate evidence from previous efficacy trials of diabetes prevention into real-world intervention programs. Data were combined using random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression considering the relationship between intervention effectiveness and adherence to guidelines. RESULTS Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. The primary meta-analysis included 22 studies (24 study groups) with outcome data for weight loss at 12 months. The pooled result of the direct pairwise meta-analysis shows that lifestyle interventions resulted in a mean weight loss of 2.32 kg (95% CI −2.92 to −1.72; I2 = 93.3%). Adherence to guidelines was significantly associated with a greater weight loss (an increase of 0.4 kg per point increase on a 12-point guideline-adherence scale). CONCLUSIONS Evidence suggests that pragmatic diabetes prevention programs are effective. Effectiveness varies substantially between programs but can be improved by maximizing guideline adherence. However, more research is needed to establish optimal strategies for maximizing both cost-effectiveness and longer-term maintenance of weight loss and diabetes prevention effects.