tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HAART and Sexual Risk Behavior
Authors: Catherine Diamond
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract MP76: The Effect of Exercise Training Modality on 30-Year Cardiovascular Mortality Risk in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Damon Swift, Neil M Johannsen, Carl J Lavie, Jarett D Berry, Conrad P Earnest, Logan B Dunn, Steven N Blair, Timothy S Church
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Current calculators to estimate risk of cardiovascular (CV) disease mortality do not include cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) or physical activity (PA) measures. This is problematic as CRF is an independent risk factor for CV mortality. To address this issue, Wickramasinghe et al. developed a calculator which includes CRF along with other traditional CV risk factors. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of aerobic (AER), resistance (RES) or combination (COMB) exercise training on 30-year CV mortality risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: The present study is an ancillary analysis of the Health Benefits of Aerobic and Resistance Training Study (HART-D). Adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) (n=196) were randomized to 9 months of AER, RES, COMB exercise training or a control group (CON). Thirty-year CV mortality risk was evaluated by entering each participant’s sex, age, blood pressure, smoking status, T2D status, cholesterol, and BMI into a risk calculator developed by Wickramasinghe et al. at baseline and follow-up. CRF was quantified as the highest metabolic equivalent level (estimated from the final speed and grade using American College of Sports Medicine equations) achieved during a maximal treadmill test at baseline and follow-up. Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate change in CV risk with adjustments for age, sex and baseline CV risk. Results: Participants in the present analysis had a mean (SD) 30-year CV risk of 30.4% (17.8). A significant reduction in 30-year CV risk was observed in the AERO (-2.9%, CI: -4.7 to -1.0) and COMB groups (-2.8%, CI: -4.5 to -1.0), but not in the RES group (0.0%, CI: -1.8 to 1.7) compared to CON (2.1%, CI: -0.1 to 4.3). In the AERO and COMB groups, change in CV risk was associated with change in fat mass (r= -0.19, p=0.04), but not change in lean mass or hemoglobin A1c (all ps&gt;0.05). Conclusions: The present study suggests that 9 months of aerobic exercise training or combination of resistance with aerobic exercise training resulted in a ~3% reduction in absolute 30-year CV risk (~11% relative risk), and further validates the importance of aerobic exercise in the treatment of individuals with T2D.
Abstract 1481: miR-296 as prognostic and predictive molecular marker for recurrence in early-stage laryngeal carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy
Authors: Danielle C C Maia, Ana Carolina de Carvalho, Maria Aderuza Horst, Cristovam Scapulatempo Neto, Andre Lopes Carvalho, Andre L. Vettore
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Early-stage laryngeal cancer has cure rates above 80% with exclusive radiotherapy. However, when salvage treatment is needed, surgery is the main option and despite efforts to conservative procedures to preserve laryngeal function, up to 50% will require total laryngectomy at diagnosis of recurrence or future. So, the use of microRNAs as molecular markers is a method to be tested with the aim of predicting the chances of success with radiotherapy, lowering tumor relapses and turning possible to reduce the need for salvage procedures that would affect speech and impact in quality of life. Objectives: To identify microRNAs capable of segregating radioresistant from radiosensitive tumors, to determine prognosis in pre-treatment tumors and to predict failure with radiotherapy. Methods: Molecular Screening of 667 microRNAs using taqman low density array (TLDA) for target selection and then validation in 34 patients, being 20 radioresistant and 14 radiosensitive by RT-PCR with individual assays. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square and Fisher exact test for associations between variables, and log-rank method of Kaplan-Meier for recurrence free survival between molecular, clinical, demographic and treatment variables. Also to verify differences in distribution between the expression levels in radioresistant and radiosensitive the Mann-Whitney test was performed. Results: Four microRNAs were selected for validation, miR-296, miR-452, miR-183*, miR-200c based on fold-change and literature review and those were analyzed with respect to age, gender, TNM, laryngeal subsite, radiation dose and treatment interval. Among clinical, demographic, treatment and molecular variables, only miR-296 was shown to present different distribution with statistical significance between radioresistant and radiosensitive (p = 0.002), also demonstrated association with recurrence (p = 0.01) with an odds ratio (OR) of 8.6, confidence interval (CI) between 1.7 and 42.2. Conclusions: In our study, only miR-296 demonstrated the ability to predict patients most likely to fail radiotherapy, also showing a worse prognosis for tumors with high expression level. miR-296 is a molecular predictive and prognostic marker to be considered prior to treatment selection for early-stage laryngeal tumors. Citation Format: Danielle C C Maia, Ana Carolina de Carvalho, Maria Aderuza Horst, Cristovam Scapulatempo Neto, Andre Lopes Carvalho, Andre L. Vettore. miR-296 as prognostic and predictive molecular marker for recurrence in early-stage laryngeal carcinoma treated with definitive radiotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1481. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1481
BCRP expression is functionally upregulated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR, ErbB1) mediated signaling in human ovarian cancer cell lines, but not in human breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Takeo Nakanishi, Ken Shiozawa, Anne W. Hamburger, Douglas D. Ross
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

614 

Breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) causes an ATP-dependent multidrug resistance phenotype. Although an increased level of BCRP expression has been reported in many types of human cancers, little is known about molecular mechanism(s) of BCRP upregulation. Receptor tyrosine kinases have an important role in malignant transformation of various epithelial cells. In particular, expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor on malignant cells of epithelial origin results in dysregulation of major signaling pathways that control cell proliferation, senescence, differentiation, and apoptosis. Here, we study whether signaling mediated by EGFR/ErbB1 is involved in BCRP expression in breast and ovarian cancer. The human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB 231 and the ovarian cancer cell lines Igorv1 and SKOV3 cells were treated with EGF under serum-free conditions, then the level of BCRP mRNA or protein was determined by qRT-PCR or Western blot, respectively. Previous investigators have shown that EGFR is expressed in each of these four cell lines. BCRP mRNA expression was increased 3- or 2-fold in Igrov1 or SKOV3 cells treated with EGF (10 or 50 ng/mL) for 24 hours, respectively, but not in MCF-7 or MDA-MB231 cells. BCRP expression induced by EGF in Igrov1 cells was completely abolished in the presence of AG1478 (10 μM), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor specific to EGFR/ErbB1. LY294002 (10 μM), an inhibitor of phosphoinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), partially blocked this effect, indicating a complicated signaling network is involved that includes the PI3K/Akt pathway, and other pathways. Western blot analysis revealed that EGF (10, 25, 50 ng/mL, 24 hours) caused upregulation of BCRP protein expression in Igrov1 cells. To determine whether BCRP expression induced by EGF leads to drug-resistance, cellular survival against mitoxantrone was measured in Igrov1 cells treated with and without EGF (10 ng/mL) in the absence or presence of FTC (10 μM) for 48 hours. When cells were exposed to mitoxantrone at 0.1, 0.3, or 1 μM, survival of EGF-treated cells was significantly higher that that in untreated control. Furthermore, EGF-treated cells were completely sensitized to mitoxantrone in the presence of FTC, suggesting that BCRP is responsible for the mitoxantrone resistance observed in the EGF-treated cells. In conclusion, signaling pathways downstream from EGFR/ErbB1 result in BCRP overexpression in human ovarian cancer cell lines. The molecular basis for lack of EGF stimulation of BCRP expression in human breast cancer cell lines is currently under investigation.
Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and omalizumab
Authors: I. Tillie-Leblond, P. Germaud, C. Leroyer, L. Tétu, F. Girard, G. Devouassoux, J.-P. Grignet, A. Prudhomme, D. Dusser, B. Wallaert
Journal: Allergy (2011)
Evaluation of antihistamine‐related daytime sleepiness
Authors: L. Murri, R. Massetani, M. Krause, C. Dragonetti, A. Iudice
Journal: Allergy (1992)

The daytime sleepiness potentially associated with antihistamines was evaluated by the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) in a study comparing terfenadine with placebo. According to a double‐blind, randomized, cross‐over design, 12 healthy men were given either 120 mg terfenadine or placebo once daily in the morning, for 3 consecutive days with a 5‐day interval. EEG‐polygraphic recordings were made each study day at 9.30 and 11.30 a.m., and 1.30, 3.30, and 5.30 p.m., and the tendency to fall asleep was measured. All mean stage‐1 sleep latencies throughout the study failed to show any significant difference between terfenadine and placebo. Accordingly, psychomotor performance assessed by visual and auditory reaction time did not change after treatment. The results of this study confirmed that terfenadine does not induce daytime sleepiness as objectively measured by MSLT.
Surgical management of retinal detachments related to coloboma of the choroid11The authors have no proprietary interest in any of the materials used in this study.
Authors: Lingam Gopal, Sengamedu S Badrinath, Tarun Sharma, Sunil N Parikh, Mahesh S Shanmugam, Pramod S Bhende, Rajat Agrawal, Dhanashree A Deshpande
Journal: Ophthalmology (1998)
STUDIES WITH MOUSE PITUITARY THYROTROPIC TUMORS. IX. DISTRIBUTION OF AMINO ACIDS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THYROXINE.
Authors: Ann D. Dunn, Richard H. Mandl, Sidney C. Werner
Journal: Cancer Research (1965)

The effects of thyroxine on the percentage distribution in vivo of C14 lysine in mouse pituitary thyrotropic tumors have been studied. Tumor-bearing mice received 15 µc of l-lysine-U-C14 by injection. The distribution of isotope was determined in 5 cellular fractions of tumor and in several normal tissues. The percentage distribution of labeled amino acid into histone fractions of 2 strains of responsive tumors was depressed when tumors were grown in the presence of thyroxine. There was no effect of thyroxine on the percentage distribution of histone in a nonresponsive tumor strain, when compared to the distribution in untreated control tumors. The distribution of isotope in liver, kidney, and muscle from tumor-bearing mice did not appear to be affected by the presence or absence of thyroxine. The histones of tumors and of normal tissues were analyzed for amino acid composition. No significant differences were noted among the several tumor strains and the normal tissues studied. The relationship of these results to the mechanism of thyroxine effect on these tumors is discussed.
Structure of Skeletal Muscle in Heart Transplant Recipients11This work was supported in part by Grant 31-30946.91 from the Swiss National Science Foundation, Bern and by the Institute of Sports Sciences, Magglingen, Switzerland.
Authors: ELIANE LAMPERT, BERTRAND METTAUER, HANS HOPPELER, ANNE CHARLOUX, ARNAUD CHARPENTIER, JEAN LONSDORFER
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Noninvasive Molecular Imaging of Differential Endothelial Adhesion Molecule Expression in Early Atherosclerosis Correlates With Plaque Macrophage Content in Apo E Knockout Mice
Authors: M A McAteer, K Mankia, R Hagen, Stork L-Aa., J E Schneider, R P Choudhury
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Targeted microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO) can detect endothelial inflammation in advanced mouse atherosclerosis by ex vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, the sensitivit...
Abstract 17266: Impact of Dietary Salt Intake on Heart Failure Related Hospitalizations in Patients with Preexisting Heart Failure: a Sub study of the HART Trial (NCT00018005)
Authors: Ashvarya Mangla, Rami Doukky, Eisuke Segawa, Elizabeth Avery, DeJuran Richardson, Lynda H Powell
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Salt restriction is advised in patients with heart failure (HF). Data on salt restriction and outcomes in HF are inconsistent. Emerging data suggest that strict dietary salt restriction in HF is associated with poorer outcomes. We sought to assess the impact of dietary salt intake on HF hospitalizations.   Methods:  We analyzed data from HART (Heart failure Adherence and Retention Trial) which enrolled NYHA class II/III patients with HF. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on their daily salt intake as assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire; restricted ( 4000 mg). Univariate cox regression models were used to determine univariate predictors of HF hospitalizations. Multivariate Cox regression model was fit to determine the impact of salt intake on HF hospitalization, adjusted for significant univariate predictors of outcome.   Results:  HART enrolled 902 patients. Data on salt intake was available on 761 patients; restrictive, moderate and liberal groups had 151, 367 and 243 patients, respectively; median follow up was 30 months. Comparing restricted vs. moderate vs. liberal salt intake groups, the restricted group was dominated by women (56% vs 50% vs 38%) and Caucasians (65% vs 68% vs 55%), covered least distance on 6 minute walk test (716 m vs 851 m vs 887 m), and were more likely to be on β-blockers (80% vs 73% vs 66%); all P valves    Conclusions:  Salt restriction does not seem to significantly impact HF hospitalization after correcting for covariates. Reverse causality bias (sicker patients were most salt restricted) is a plausible explanation of these findings. Thus, randomized controlled trials to determine safe and effective salt intake target range are needed.
<i>Annals</i> Graphic Medicine - 50 Shades of Gray Matter
Authors: Sharon Rosenzweig, Aaron Freeman, Torin Hopkins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Web Exclusives5 May 2015Annals Graphic Medicine - 50 Shades of Gray MatterFREESharon Rosenzweig, BFA, MFA, Aaron Freeman, and Torin HopkinsSharon Rosenzweig, BFA, MFASearch for more papers by this author, Aaron FreemanSearch for more papers by this author, and Torin HopkinsSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G14-0006 SectionsAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Video. Annals Graphic Medicine - 50 Shades of Gray Matter Art by Sharon Rosenzweig, BFA, MFA; written, edited, and produced by Aaron Freeman; and original music by Torin Hopkins. (Duration 2:30)Annals Graphic Medicine brings together original graphic narratives, comics, animation/video, and other creative forms by those who provide or receive health care. They address medically relevant topics—whether they be poignant, thought-provoking, or just plain entertaining. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: Authors have disclosed no conflicts of interest. Forms can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=G14-0006.Author, Illustrator, and Composer Information: Sharon Rosenzweig is an investigative cartoonist (thecomictorah.com); Aaron Freeman is artist in residence at the Chicago Council on Science and Technology; and Tori Hopkins designs, builds, codes, and analyzes new technologies to enhance the accessibility of music playing, theory, and education.Corresponding Author: Sharon Rosenzweig; e-mail, [email protected]com.Author Contributions: Conception and design: A. Freeman, T. Hopkins, S. Rosenzweig.Analysis and interpretation of the data: A. Freeman, S. Rosenzweig.Drafting of the article: A. Freeman, S. Rosenzweig.Critical revision for important intellectual content: A. Freeman, S. Rosenzweig.Final approval of the article: A. Freeman, T. Hopkins, S. Rosenzweig.Provision of study materials or patients: A. Freeman, S. Rosenzweig.Administrative, technical, or logistic support: A. Freeman.Collection and assembly of data: A. Freeman, S. Rosenzweig.Art by Sharon Rosenzweig, BFA, MFA; written, edited, and produced by Aaron Freeman; and original music by Torin Hopkins. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 May 2015Volume 162, Issue 9Page: GM1KeywordsConflicts of interestDisclosureHealth careInformation technologyInformation theory ePublished: 5 May 2015 Issue Published: 5 May 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
Oxidative stress impairs mitochondrial function and leads to deficient antiviral responses in primary bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Faezeh Fathi Aghdam, Alan Hsu, Kristy Parsons, Simon Keely, Lisa Wood, Peter Wark
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Oxidative stress characterises asthma exacerbations. Reactive oxidant species (ROS) damages the mitochondria. The mitochondria are crucial in early antiviral responses to rhinovirus (RV) infection.

AIM: To assess how ROS may affect mitochondrial function and antiviral responses in primary bronchial epithelial cells (pBECs) to RV infection.

METHODS: pBECs from healthy non-smoking subjects were infected with RV at an MOI of 1 and were then treated with 1% CSE and 0.2mM H2O2. CXCL10, CXCL8, interferon (IFN)- λ, Cytochrome c and 8-isoprostane were measured by ELISA. ATP levels were measured by bioluminescent assay. Mitochondrial transcription factors (mTFA, mTB1 and mTB2) were measured by PCR. MAVS cleavage, MDA5, IRF3 and NFkB expression were measured by western blotting. Viral replication was measured by TCID50.

RESULTS: Treatment with CSE and H2O2 resulted in ROS-induced mitochondrial damage; with increased expression of mitochondrial transcription factors (mTFs), release of cytochrome-C, extracellular ATP and 8-isoprostane. Treatment with CSE/H2O2 followed by RV infection further increased mTFA expression and cytochrome-C release. There was reduced phosphorylation of IRF3 and a marked reduction in CXCL-10 and IFN- λ release, but there was an increase in NF-kB expression and CXCL8 release. Also in the case of CSE, there was an increase in RV replication. CSE/H2O2 had no effect on MDA-5 expression or cleavage of MAVS.

CONCLUSION: Exposure to ROS impairs mitochondrial function of pBECs and results in impaired antiviral responses to RV. This may be an important mechanism that increases susceptibility to RV in those with chronic airways disease.
Abstract 17919: Obesity is Independently Associated with Elevated hs-cTnT levels and Risk of Heart Failure
Authors: Chiadi E Ndumele, Josef Coresh, Mariano Lazo, Ron C Hoogeveen, Roger S Blumenthal, Aaron R Folsom, Elizabeth Selvin, Christie M Ballantyne, Vijay Nambi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Obesity is associated with subclinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is a risk factor for incident heart failure (HF). However, the relationship of obesity to subclinical myocardial ...
Physical Chemistry for Physicians and Biologists.
Authors: Ernst Cohen, Martin H. Fischer
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Developmental Switch in Place Cell Accuracy Coincides with Grid Cell Maturation
Authors: Laurenz Muessig, Jonas Hauser, Thomas Joseph Wills, Francesca Cacucci
Journal: Neuron (2015)

Place cell firing relies on information about self-motion and the external environment, which may be conveyed by grid and border cells, respectively. Here, we investigate the possible contributions of these cell types to place cell firing, taking advantage of a developmental time window during which stable border cell, but not grid cell, inputs are available. We find that before weaning, the place cell representation of space is denser, more stable, and more accurate close to environmental boundaries. Boundary-responsive neurons such as border cells may, therefore, contribute to stable and accurate place fields in pre-weanling rats. By contrast, place cells become equally stable and accurate throughout the environment after weaning and in adulthood. This developmental switch in place cell accuracy coincides with the emergence of the grid cell network in the entorhinal cortex, raising the possibility that grid cells contribute to stable place fields when an organism is far from environmental boundaries.