tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anidulafungin for the treatment of candidaemia/invasive candidiasis in selected critically ill patients
Authors: M. Ruhnke, J.A. Paiva, W. Meersseman, J. Pachl, I. Grigoras, G. Sganga, F. Menichetti, P. Montravers, G. Auzinger, G. Dimopoulos, M. Borges Sà, P.J. Miller, T. Marĉek, M. Kantecki
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)

A prospective, multicentre, phase IIIb study with an exploratory, open-label design was conducted to evaluate efficacy and safety of anidulafungin for the treatment of candidaemia/invasive candidiasis (C/IC) in specific ICU patient populations. Adult ICU patients with confirmed C/IC meeting ≥ 1 of the following criteria were enrolled: post-abdominal surgery, solid tumour, renal/hepatic insufficiency, solid organ transplant, neutropaenia, and age ≥ 65 years. Patients received anidulafungin (200 mg on day 1, 100 mg/day thereafter) for 10-42 days, optionally followed by oral voriconazole/fluconazole. The primary efficacy endpoint was global (clinical and microbiological) response at the end of all therapy (EOT). Secondary endpoints included global response at the end of intravenous therapy (EOIVT) and at 2 and 6 weeks post-EOT, survival at day 90, and incidence of adverse events (AEs). The primary efficacy analysis was performed in the modified intent-to-treat (MITT) population, excluding unknown/missing responses. The safety and MITT populations consisted of 216 and 170 patients, respectively. The most common pathogens were Candida albicans (55.9%), C. glabrata (14.7%) and C. parapsilosis (10.0%). Global success was 69.5% (107/154; 95% CI, 61.6-76.6) at EOT, 70.7% (111/157) at EOIVT, 60.2% (77/128) at 2 weeks post-EOT, and 50.5% (55/109) at 6 weeks post-EOT. When unknown/missing responses were included as failures, the respective success rates were 62.9%, 65.3%, 45.3% and 32.4%. Survival at day 90 was 53.8%. Treatment-related AEs occurred in 33/216 (15.3%) patients, four (1.9%) of whom had serious AEs. Anidulafungin was effective, safe and well tolerated for the treatment of C/IC in selected groups of ICU patients.
Therapeutic Uses of Cannabis, by British Medical Association Marijuana Myths and Marijuana Facts: A Review of the Scientific Evidence, by Lynn Zimmer, John P Morgan
Authors: M. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (1998)

British Medical Association Harwood Academic Publishers, £11.99, pp 142 ISBN 90 5702 318 0

Lynn Zimmer, John P Morgan

The Lindesmith Center, $12.95, pp 241

ISBN 0 9641568 4 9

When it comes to cannabis, beliefs and principles strongly shape the position that people take. To legalise, to decriminalise, or to punish further in the face of a growing population of young cannabis consumers is the question of the day. These two books are likely to make a substantial contribution to this debate.

The BMA publication is an historic document that grew out of a resolution from the BMA annual representative meeting in 1997 “that certain additional …
Dexamethasone-Inducible Green Fluorescent Protein Gene Expression in Transgenic Plant Cells
Authors: Wei Tang, Hilary Collver, Katherine Kinken
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2004)

Abstract Genomic research has made a large number of sequences of novel genes or expressed sequence tags available. To investigate functions of these genes, a system for conditional control of gene expression would be a useful tool. Inducible transgene expression that uses green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) as a reporter gene has been investigated in transgenic cell lines of cotton (COT; Gossypium hirsutum L.), Fraser fir [FRA; Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir], Nordmann fir (NOR; Abies nordmanniana Lk.), and rice (RIC; Oryza sativa L. cv. Radon). Transgenic cell lines were used to test the function of the chemical inducer dexamethasone. Inducible transgene expression was observed with fluorescence and confocal microscopy, and was confirmed by northern blot analyses. Dexamethasone at 5 mg/L induced gfp expression to the nearly highest level 48 h after treatment in COT, FRA, NOR, and RIC. Dexamethasone at 10 mg/L inhibited the growth of transgenic cells in FRA and NOR, but not COT and RIC. These results demonstrated that concentrations of inducer for optimum inducible gene expression system varied among transgenic cell lines. The inducible gene expression system described here was very effective and could be valuable in evaluating the function of novel gene.
Growing up on a farm leads to lifelong protection against allergic rhinitis
Authors: J. Eriksson, L. Ekerljung, J. Lötvall, T. Pullerits, G. Wennergren, E. Rönmark, K. Torén, B. Lundbäck
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Eriksson J, Ekerljung L, Lötvall J, Pullerits T, Wennergren G, Rönmark E, Torén K, Lundbäck B. Growing up on a farm leads to lifelong protection against allergic rhinitis. Allergy 2010; 65 : 1397–1403. Abstract Background: Various studies have reported a low prevalence of allergic rhinitis in farmers and farmers’ children. We sought to investigate whether the protective effect of childhood farm environment is conserved throughout adulthood and how it corresponds to different degrees of urbanization. Methods: A questionnaire on respiratory health was mailed in 2008 to 30 000 randomly selected subjects aged 16–75 in West Sweden, 29 218 could be traced and 18 087 (62%) responded. The questionnaire included questions on allergic rhinitis, asthma, respiratory symptoms and possible determinants. Results: When stratified into age groups of 15 years, subjects that lived on a farm during their first 5 years of life had a lower prevalence of allergic rhinitis in all groups, even among the oldest (61–75 years). The negative correlation between childhood farm living and prevalence of allergic rhinitis was similar in 46–75 years of age (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.70–0.95) as in 16–45 years of age (OR 0.78; 0.64–0.95). There was a significant trend of increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis with increasing degree of urbanization independent of the effect of childhood farm living. Conclusions: We found a lifelong protective effect of childhood farm living on the prevalence of allergic rhinitis. In addition, we found an increasing prevalence of allergic rhinitis with increasing degree of urbanization both in those raised on a farm and those not, thus emphasizing the influence of both childhood and adult exposure for the development of allergic disease.
Polymorphism in KIF6 Gene and Benefit From Statins After Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Olga A. Iakoubova, Marc S. Sabatine, Charles M. Rowland, Carmen H. Tong, Joseph J. Catanese, Koustubh Ranade, Katy L. Simonsen, Todd G. Kirchgessner, Christopher P. Cannon, James J. Devlin, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Abstract 18637: Differing Genetic Expression Patterns in Infants with Aortic Coarctation With Without Arch Hypoplasia
Authors: Michael F Swartz, Pratik Parikh, Jill M Cholette, Nader Atallah-Yunes, George M Alfieris
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Despite adequate repair, coarctation of the aorta (CoA) with concomitant aortic arch hypoplasia (AAH) is associated with an increased risk of hypertension. However, the mechanism(s) involved in the development of hypertension are unknown

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the aortic arch of infants with CoA + AAH would have differences in gene expression compared to infants with CoA alone, providing insight into the pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to later hypertension.

Methods: In 14 infants (7-CoA+AAH, 7-CoA alone) we analyzed mRNA after isolating the aortic tissue from the transverse aortic arch and the aorta distal to the CoA. An Affymetrix 1.0 genome array was performed to elucidate differences in gene expression between aortic arch and distal aorta from infants with CoA+AAH vs. CoA alone. RT-PCR validated genetic differences after quantifying the fold difference in expression by normalizing the aortic arch mRNA to the distal aorta.

Results: The micro-array data identified 807 genes that were significantly expressed from within the aortic arch of infants with CoA+AAH, predominantly in vascular smooth muscle cell regulation, cell division, and development. In contrast, infants with isolated CoA without AAH, demonstrated decreased number, and different focus, of gene expression (532 genes predominately involved in cell division). RT-PCR confirmed that aortic arch hepsin expression, a gene involved in cell growth, was significantly over-expressed in infants with CoA+AAH (26.1±18 vs. 0.5±10; p=0.05).

Conclusions: Infants with CoA+AAH have differences in aortic arch gene expression compared to infants with CoA alone. We postulate that these genetic variations contribute to the pathophysiologic changes that lead to later hypertension.
Abstract 1343: Decreased Physical Activity Relates to Poorer Diastolic Function and Increased LV Mass in Young People With and Without Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Holly M Ippisch, Elaine M Urbina, Randal P Claytor, Philip R Khoury, Lawrence M Dolan, Stephen R Daniels, Thomas R Kimball
Journal: Circulation (2009)

In adults low level of physical activity is associated with cardiac morbidity. It is controversial whether low levels of activity in young people are also related to adverse cardiac findings. Our p...
Setting priorities for surgical waiting lists
Authors: J A Lack, N G A. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--The House of Commons health committee's report Priority Setting in the NHS: Purchasing recommends the refinement of targets for waiting times.1 Now that the worst excesses of waiting have been removed in most areas the time has come to think more deeply about measures of need for surgery.

Waiting lists have been discussed by Culyer and Cullis.2 We have ordered waiting …
A Textbook of Pathology, General and Special. For the Use of Students and Practitioners.
Authors: W. E. Carnegie Dickson, J. Martin Beattie, A. Murray Drennan
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Unacceptable practices: Prison to the community in one, totally unprepared, step
Authors: R. Robertson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

For those involved in the management of patients released from prison there are many well known problems and hazards. The sudden deaths from drug overdose shortly after release from prison are well publicised.1 There have also been recent reports about the poor preparations for release into the community of many drug misusers whose dependence on illicit drugs had apparently been unacknowledged during their custody.2

Seriously overshadowing these dangerous shortcomings of the prison and rehabilitation services have been recent experiences of release of prisoners after long periods in solitary confinement with no preparation and the seeming absence of any rehabilitative attempts. Our most recent experience of a prisoner released after 12 years of a 15 year sentence, most of the last years of …
Obesity and the Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation—Reply
Authors: Thomas J. Wang, Helen Parise, Lisa M. Sullivan, Ralph B. D’Agostino, Daniel Levy, Philip A. Wolf, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Emelia J. Benjamin
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Development of cellular models and small GTPases-targeted therapeutics for inflammatory breast cancer
Authors: Aris I. Baras, Ian Cushman, Yiting Cao, Herbert K. Lyerly, Mark Dewhirst, Patrick Casey, Gayathri R. Devi
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4701    Introduction : Inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC), a particularly aggressive orphan cancer accounts for 1-6% of all invasive breast tumors with rather poor prognosis. The ability to characterize IBC based on molecular signatures will greatly facilitate the rational development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting key signaling pathways involved in growth/survival of IBC cells. RhoC GTPase, a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases, has been reported to be overexpressed in 90% of IBC tumors versus 38% of stage matched, non-IBC tumors. The enzyme, isoprenylcysteine carboxyl methyltransferase (Icmt) involved in prenylation of the Ras superfamily proteins plays a critical role in oncogenic transformation. Previous published studies in colon cancer cells have shown that treatment with a novel small molecule inhibitor (cysmethynil) targeting Icmt resulted in mislocalization of Ras, inhibition of anchorage independent growth, and impaired epidermal growth factor signaling. Therefore, the objectives of this study are 1. Characterize IBC cell lines and establish an imageable IBC tumor model to identify critical dysregulated pathways 2. Characterization of a small GTPases-specific small molecule inhibitor in the IBC models.  Results:  The growth kinetics in serum and serum-free media have been optimized for the various human SUM IBC cell lines. Further the SUM 149 and 159 cell lines have been established to express luciferase reporter gene driven by a constitutive CMV promoter. Retrovirus-packaging cell line Psi-X-Ampho were transfected with luciferase-reporter plasmid by the use of Lipofectamine reagent for the packaging of replication-deficient retrovirus. The infected SUM cells were selected for the expression of the desired luciferase gene by adding puromycin in cell culture medium. The Icmt small molecule inhibitor, cysmethynil, is being tested in the parent and luciferase expressing SUM cell lines and compared with non-IBC cell lines. Preliminary studies reveal a dose- and time-dependent inhibition of IBC cell proliferation in the presence of cysmethynil, as assessed by MTT assays. Immunoblot analysis of the cell lysates revealed a specific downregulation of Rho proteins on day 4 post cysmethynil treatment.  Conclusion:  Currently, in addition to understanding the mechanism of Rho inhibition in the IBC cells, we are also generating other imageable IBC cell lines. There are few IBC models and these luciferase cell lines will be extremely useful not only for characterization and exploration of the molecular signatures of human IBC but also for quantitative analysis and  in vivo  non-invasive imaging in tumor models.
Characterization of coagulase-negative staphylococci by primer-specific polymerase chain reaction and ribotyping
Authors: Anna Gaszewska-Mastalarz, Marzena Bartoszewicz-Potyrała, Anna Przondo-Mordarska, Marian Mordarski, Jolanta Zakrzewska-Czerwińka
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1998)
Abstract P269: Restricted Spirometry is Associated With Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults Independent of the Confound Effect of the Level of Physical Activity and Fitness
Authors: Evandro F Sperandio, Rodolfo L Arantes, Agatha C Matheus, Rodrigo P Silva, Vinicius T Lauria, Miriane Barboza, Marcelo Romiti, Antônio R Gagliardi, Victor Z Dourado
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction:  Restricted spirometry has been associated with cardiovascular disease. Whether the level of physical activity and fitness is a confounder in this relationship was not investigated. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that restricted spirometry is associated to cardiovascular risk despite the accelerometer-based physical activity and physical fitness levels. Objective: To investigate the association between restricted spirometry and cardiovascular risk factors in asymptomatic adults, independent of the level of physical activity and fitness. Secondarily, we assessed the prevalence of this spirometric abnormality in a sample of Brazilians. Methods: A total of 374 participants (41 ± 14 years) underwent a spirometry test. Restricted spirometry was defined as FEV1/FVC > 70% and FVC
Abstract 674: ODM-201 - New generation androgen receptor inhibitor targeting resistance mechanisms to androgen signalling-directed prostate cancer therapies
Authors: Anu-Maarit Moilanen, Reetta Riikonen, Pekka J. Kallio
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Androgen receptor (AR) mutations have been described to emerge in response to prostate cancer treatment with first generation AR antagonists, resulting in broadened ligand specificity and AR antagonist-to-agonist switch. Second-generation AR antagonists enzalutamide and ARN-509 function as antagonists in the presence of AR overexpression. They express high clinical efficacy in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) but eventually resistance will emerge. Recently, a F876L missense mutation in the ligand-binding domain of AR has been described that confers resistance to enzalutamide and ARN-509 in preclinical models of prostate cancer. AR F876L mutation has also been identified in plasma DNA from ARN-509-treated CRPC patients with rising PSA. ODM-201 is a new generation AR inhibitor with high anticancer activity in patients with CRPC and has unique properties compared to first and second generation antiandrogens. ODM-201 and its major metabolite bind to wt AR with excellent affinity (Ki 8 and 9 nM, respectively) and selectivity. In functional cell-based assays, ODM-201 functions as antagonist in highly AR overexpressing cells and does not induce AR T877A or W741L transcriptional activity. In contrast to enzalutamide and ARN-509, ODM-201 and its metabolite have been found to potently inhibit the activity of AR F876L while enzalutamide and ARN-509 were agonistic. ODM-201 is a promising new generation AR inhibitor for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer with superior antiandrogenic activity in preclinical models of AR function. Citation Format: Anu-Maarit Moilanen, Reetta Riikonen, Pekka J. Kallio. ODM-201 - New generation androgen receptor inhibitor targeting resistance mechanisms to androgen signalling-directed prostate cancer therapies. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 674. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-674
191. Improvement of Myocardial Dysfunction by Therapeutic Angiogenesis Induced by Transfection of HGF Gene Using Left Ventricular Electromechanical Mapping in Porcine Chronic Myocardial Infarction Model
Authors: Junya Azuma, Yosiaki Taniyama, Motokuni Aoki, Yasuhumi Kaneda, Toshio Ogihara, Ryuichi Morisita
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)
Abstract 2370: LDL Independent Reduction In Cardiovascular Morbidity And Mortality With Rosuvastatin In Heart Failure Patients With A Raised C-reactive Protein: A Retrospective Analysis Of The Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial In Heart Failure (CORONA)
Authors: John McMurray, John Kjekshus, Ake Hjalmarson, Hans Wedel, Peter Dunselman, Finn Waagstein
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: The anti-inflammatory action of statins may contribute to the clinical benefits of these drugs. Heart failure (HF) is an inflammatory state in which the usual epidemiologic relationship between cholesterol and cardiovascular outcomes is reversed, representing an excellent disease model in which to test the statin anti-inflammatory hypothesis. Methods: We carried out a retrospective subgroup analysis of CORONA, which randomized 5011 patients with low ejection fraction HF of ischemic etiology to placebo or rosuvastatin 10 mg daily. We examined the effect of rosuvastatin according to baseline plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration (hs-CRP) with patients divided into two groups: &lt; 2 mg/L (779 placebo/777 rosuvastatin) versus &gt;/= 2 mg/L (1694 placebo/1711 rosuvastatin). Results (table ): Baseline LDL was the same in the two hsCRP groups (approx. 138 mg/dL) and was reduced equally by 45% in each group with rosuvastatin. In patients with a hsCRP &gt;/= 2 mg/L, rosuvastatin treatment was associated with nominally statistically significant reductions in the primary outcome (cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction or stroke), all cause mortality and the pre-specified coronary endpoint (sudden death, fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, PCI or CABG, ventricular defibrillation by an ICD, resuscitation after cardiac arrest or hospitalization for unstable angina). Importantly, rosuvastatin also reduced the secondary outcome of HF hospitalizations: hsCRP &lt; 2.0 mg/L 267 placebo/264 rosuvastatin (p n.s.); hsCRP &gt;/= 2.0 mg/L 1015 placebo/827 rosuvastatin (p = 0.0044) Conclusions: Our findings in patients with HF support and extend previous retrospective analyses in patients with acute and stable coronary heart disease and add more evidence that the anti-inflammatory action of statins may be clinically important, not just in reducing atherosclerotic events but also HF hospitalizations.
Health and Social Organization Toward a Health Policy for the 21st Century, by Ed Blane, Brunner, Wilkinson
Authors: G. A Kaplan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Ed Blane, Brunner, Wilkinson. Routledge, £14.99, pp 326. ISBN 0 415 13070 0

Attempting to explain the relation between social organisation and the health of populations invites one of two paths. In the first, social organisation in all its complexity is reduced to a few major attributes, and the reader is led along a chain of evidence that establishes these attributes as the primary causes of health variation, often with a single minded focus on either a social or biological mechanism.

This volume takes …
Abstract 18227: IQGAP1 Compartmentalizes ROS-dependent VEGF Receptor 2 Activation and Signaling Linked to Endothelial Proliferation and Angiogenesis
Authors: Masooma Razvi, Nihal Kaplan, Cristiana Caliceti, Yoshimasa Nakamura, Norifumi Urao, Ronald D McKinney, Tohru Fukai, Masuko Ushio-Fukai
Journal: Circulation (2010)

VEGF stimulation increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are involved in VEGF receptor2 tyrosine phosphorylation (VEGFR2-pY) linked to angiogenesis. We previously demonstrated that IQGAP1 is a...