tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17357: Morbid Obesity Predicts Smaller Improvements in Exercise Capacity but Greater Weight Loss after Bypass Surgery with Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Pallavi Gomadam, Matthew Sacrinty, Christopher Douglas, Dominic Johnson, Theresa Addison, Beverly Martin, Connie Paladenech, Natalie Austin, Killian Robinson
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The number of morbidly obese patients (BMI>35) undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) is increasing. Although some studies suggest that such patients may have a better prognosis in the immediate postoperative period, data on outcomes in this population following cardiac rehabilitation (CR) are sparse. Hypothesis: We predicted that morbidly obese patients after CABG would have worse outcomes with CR than those with a lower BMI. Methods: A total of 365 patients (78 females, 297 males, mean age 64.5 ± 10.1 years) after CABG were enrolled in a 12 week CR program. Overall, mean weight was 190 ± 37 pounds and mean BMI was 28 ± 5. Two hundred forty three patients were normal weight or overweight (BMI  35). Exercise capacity in metabolic equivalents (METs) and risk factors were measured before and after CR and compared between groups using Student’s t-testing. Results: METs improved significant...
Abstract P197: Methods to Account for Antihypertensive Drugs for Estimating Underlying Blood Pressure: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Poojitha Balakrishnan, Elizabeth Colantuoni, J Hunter Young, Terri Beaty, Kunihiro Matsushita
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Antihypertensive drugs are widely used to lower blood pressure (BP), particularly among older adults. Thus considerations are required in epidemiological studies dealing with the “underlying” BP (BP that would have been if antihypertensive drugs were not provided), e.g. studies exploring natural history of BP.

Materials and Methods: We compared three methods proposed in literature for accounting for antihypertensive drugs in the ARIC study, which consists of 45-64 years old with ~25 years of follow-up data (1987-2013). Method 1 simply adds a constant of 10 mmHg to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and 5 mmHg to diastolic blood pressure (DBP) to the measured BP. Method 2 adds a constant derived from the expected drug class effects as reported by short-term clinical trials (e.g. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, alpha blockers, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics, miscellaneous). Method 3 uses truncated normal regression to incorporate covariates (e.g. age, sex, race, BMI, height, sex-height interaction), where the distribution of BP is assumed to be normal and requires the underlying BP to be greater than or equal to the measured BP. We examined these methods by observing the distribution of underlying BP compared to the measured BP on antihypertensive drugs.

Results: The prevalence of antihypertensive drug use in ARIC is as follows: 30% in Visit 1 (4370/14659), 33% in Visit 2 (4732/14299), 38% in Visit 3 (4874/12842), 44% in Visit 4 (5095/11610) and 76% in Visit 5 (4904/6469). Method 3 compared to methods 1 and 2 creates a distribution of underlying BP that is shifted more to the right and with less variation. This trend for SBP and DBP was true for all visits and more noticeable with each subsequent visit (Visit 5 SBP illustrated in figure).

Conclusions: Overall, truncated normal regression (method 3) yields more plausible and stable underlying BP compared to methods 1 and 2. Estimation of underlying BP can be used in epidemiological to investigate the natural history of BP, such as in genetic studies.

   ![][1]  [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
PENICILLIN IN THE TREATMENT OF HISTOPLASMOSIS: TWO CASE REPORTS
Authors: J H SEABURY, H H DRYGAS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1946)

ExcerptIn the past five years, histoplasmosis has been encountered with increasing frequency at the University of Michigan Hospital. In part, this may be due to a greater awareness of the disease, but this does not seem entirely to account for its increased incidence. Since December 1944, four cases of histoplasmosis have been diagnosed ante mortem at the University Hospital and variously treated. The present report is concerned with the treatment with penicillin of one of these cases, together with another case admitted to the hospital prior to 1945. None of these cases is included in the review by Parsons and...
Atlas of Emergency Medicine.
Authors: Kevin J. Knoop, Lawrence B. Stack, Alan B. Storrow
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Head and Facial Trauma Ophthalmological Conditions Funduscopic Findings Ophthalmic Trauma Ear, Nose, and Throat Conditions Mouth Chest and Abdomen Urologic Conditions Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Anorectal Conditions Gynecologic and Obstetric Conditions Extremity Trauma Extremity Conditions Cutaneous Conditions Pediatric Conditions Child Abuse Environmental Conditions Forensic Medicine Wounds and Soft Tissue Injuries Emergency Ultrasound HIV Conditions Microscopic Findings
Fusion of two novel genes, RBM15 and MKL1, in the t(1;22)(p13;q13) of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia
Authors: Zhigui Ma, Stephan W. Morris, Virginia Valentine, Martin L, Jo-Anne Herbrick, Xiaoli Cui, Derek Bouman, Yue Li, Perdeep K. Mehta, Dean Nizetic, Yasuhiko Kaneko, Godfrey C.F. Chan, Li C. Chan, Jeremy Squire, Stephen W. Scherer, Johann K. Hitzler
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
TRANSPLANTED HUMAN EMBRYONIC STEM CELL DERIVED HEPATOCYTE-LIKE CELLS FORM DUCTULAR AND PARENCHYMAL ELEMENTS IN VIVO
Authors: Catherine Payne, David C. Hay, Kay Samuel, Judy Fletcher, Anne Pryde, Joerg Schrader, Patricia Lee, Celine Filippi, Philip N. Newsome, John P. Iredale
Journal: Hepatology (2008)
Abstract 2651: Ischemic Cascade: Sequence of ECG, Acoustic Cardiographic Changes, and Angina during Coronary Occlusion
Authors: Eunyoung Lee, Andrew D Michaels, Ronald H Selvester, Barbara J Drew
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Previous studies suggest that ventricular function may be impaired without or prior to ECG changes during ischemia. Using diastolic third and fourth heart sounds (S3 and S4), a non-invasive measurement of ventricular function, our study investigated whether diastolic heart sounds occur earlier than electrical changes or angina during ischemia. Methods: To determine the sequence of ECG, diastolic heart sounds, and anginal ischemic symptoms, a prospective observational study was performed in 21 subjects undergoing cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Subjects had both ST-segment amplitude changes &gt;2 standard deviations above the baseline during PCI-related coronary occlusion, as well as new or increased intensity S3 or S4 measured by computerized acoustic cardiography. The sequence of resolution of these noninvasive signs of ischemia was also examined following balloon deflation. Results: Electrocardiographic ST amplitude changes were the earliest sign of ischemia (mean onset, 21 seconds), and they were also the first to resolve after balloon deflation. New or increased intensity diastolic heart sounds followed ECG changes (mean onset S4, 24.7 seconds; S3, 38.1 seconds: Tables 1 &amp; 2 ). Anginal symptoms occurred in only 2 of the 21 subjects during ischemia with a mean onset time of 67.5 seconds. Conclusion: ECG signs of ischemia precede functional changes as measured by new or intensified S3 and/or S4. Angina rarely occurs during PCI-induced ischemia, but if present, is the last event in the ischemic cascade. Table 1. Sequence of noninvasive signs of ischemia during coronary occlusion (n=21) Table 2. Resolution of noninvasive signs of ischemia after balloon deflation (n=18)
Abstract 248: Self-Reported Barriers to CPR Education Among Laypersons Offered Training
Authors: Audrey L Blewer, Marion Leary, Amanda C Fredericks, James C Andersen, Christopher S Decker, Emily C Esposito, Benjamin S Abella
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Less than 30% of lay witnesses to cardiac arrest attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR); this is in part due to poor penetration of CPR training in the US population. Little is known about self-perceived barriers to CPR education among individuals who are offered training opportunities. Objectives: We sought to examine perceived barriers to CPR training, hypothesizing that laypersons are more inclined to fear harming arrest victims rather then expressing concern for contracting disease. Methods: As part of a multisite CPR training study, subjects were administered a mixed quantitative and qualitative survey designed to assess perspectives of potential enrollees who either declined CPR training or those who agreed to receive CPR training. The survey questions used a Likert scaling response of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) to assess statements such as “I am afraid of getting a disease from performing CPR”. Survey responses were analyzed for statistical significance. Results: S...
TIPS: 25years later
Authors: Martin Rössle
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)

In the 25 years since the first TIPS intervention has been performed, technical standards, indications, and contraindications have been set up. The previous considerable problem of shunt failure by thrombosis or intimal proliferation in the stent or in the draining hepatic vein has been reduced considerably by the availability of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-covered stents resulting in reduced rebleeding and improved survival. Unfortunately, most clinical studies have been performed prior to the release of the covered stent and, therefore, do not represent the present state of the art. In spite of this, TIPS has gained increasing acceptance in the treatment of the various complications of portal hypertension and vascular diseases of the liver.
Fortnightly Review: Polycystic ovarian syndrome: the metabolic syndrome comes to gynaecology
Authors: Z. E C Hopkinson, N. Sattar, R. Fleming, I. A Greer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Polycystic ovarian syndrome is the most common form of anovulatory infertility.1 Its association with menstrual disturbance and altered hormonal parameters leads many affected women of reproductive age to attend a gynaecology or infertility clinic. The aetiology of the condition is unknown, but recent evidence suggests that the principal underlying disorder is one of insulin resistance, with the resultant hyperinsulinaemia stimulating excess ovarian androgen production. Associated with the prevalent insulin resistance, these women exhibit a characteristic dyslipidaemia and a predisposition to non-insulin dependent diabetes and cardiovascular disease in later life. Thus, polycystic ovarian syndrome seems to have many of the hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome.2–4 This article focuses on the recent change in attitudes to polycystic ovarian syndrome arising from the link with insulin resistance—a concept that not only has major implications for the health of affected women but also offers a potential for new treatments.

### Summary points

This article is derived from a review of recent publications in the relevant subjects of endocrinology, reproductive medicine, and gynaecology. In addition, we conducted a Medline search of …
655. Gene Therapy for Inhibition of Corneal Neovascularization in a Mice Model with Endostatin Delivered by Adeno-Associated Viral (AAV) Vector
Authors: Li-Ju Lai, Jane Li, Ken-Kuo Lin, Zhoung Wang, Tong Zhu, Xiao Xiao
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Corneal neovascularization (NV) is usually associated with inflammatory or infectious disorders of the ocular surface and often accompanied by stromal edema, lipid deposits, keratitis, or scarring. All of which frequently results in vision impairment or blindness. Pathological angiogenesis is also thought to predispose to the reflection of corneal allografts by facilitating the exposure of antigens in the donor cornea to the immune system. Many medical and surgical treatments, including angiostatic steroid, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent, argon laser photocoagulation, photodynamic therapy, and limbal stem cell transplantation have been effective in animal or human models in inhibition of corneal neovascularization. However, anti-angiogenic therapy needed to be further investigated for effective treatment against actively growing and established corneal neovascularization.
Modulation of Lipoprotein(a) Atherogenicity by High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels in Middle-Aged Men With Symptomatic Coronary Artery Disease and Normal to Moderately Elevated Serum Cholesterol fn1fn1This study was supported by Bristol-Myers Squibb Co., Princeton, New Jersey (REGRESS main study) and by Grant 94.032 from the Dutch Heart Foundation, Den Haag, The Netherlands [lipoprotein(a) substudy].
Authors: Christa Cobbaert, J.Wouter Jukema, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, Adrie J.A.M. Withagen, Jan Lindemans, Albert V.G. Bruschke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
BCR-ABL1 mutation development during first-line treatment with dasatinib or imatinib for chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase
Authors: T P Hughes, G Saglio, A Quintás-Cardama, M J Mauro, D-W Kim, J H Lipton, M B Bradley-Garelik, J Ukropec, A Hochhaus
Journal: Leukemia (2015)

BCR-ABL1 mutations are a common, well-characterized mechanism of resistance to imatinib as first-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). Less is known about mutation development during first-line treatment with dasatinib and nilotinib, despite increased use because of higher response rates compared with imatinib. Retrospective analyses were conducted to characterize mutation development in patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP treated with dasatinib (n=259) or imatinib (n=260) in DASISION (Dasatinib versus Imatinib Study in Treatment-Naive CML-CP), with 3-year minimum follow-up. Mutation screening, including patients who discontinued treatment and patients who had a clinically relevant on-treatment event (no confirmed complete cytogenetic response (cCCyR) and no major molecular response (MMR) within 12 months; fivefold increase in BCR-ABL1 with loss of MMR; loss of CCyR), yielded a small number of patients with mutations (dasatinib, n=17; imatinib, n=18). Dasatinib patients had a narrower spectrum of mutations (4 vs 12 sites for dasatinib vs imatinib), fewer phosphate-binding loop mutations (1 vs 9 mutations), fewer multiple mutations (1 vs 6 patients) and greater occurrence of T315I (11 vs 0 patients). This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00481247.
Die Röntgendiagnostik der Magen- und Darmkrankheiten.
Authors: Emmo Schlesinger
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Genetic Flaws Found in Aging Stem Cell Lines
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Normal Immunologic Response to a Neoantigen, Bacteriophage ΦX-174, in Baboons With Long-Term Lymphohematopoietic Reconstitution From Highly Purified CD34+ Lin− Allogeneic Marrow Cells
Authors: Robert G. Andrews, Aaron Winkler, Jennifer Potter, Eileen Bryant, Glenn H. Knitter, Irwin D. Bernstein, Hans D. Ochs
Journal: Blood (1997)
Capital charges: a tax on the NHS
Authors: A. M Pollock, D. Gaffney
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Under the new national framework for assessing performance in the NHS trusts will be compared partly on the basis of their costs per unit of care and of the productivity of capital estate.1 Unit costs and productivity of capital are crucially influenced by two factors: the capital charging system under which the government plays shareholder andbanker to theNHS,recovering a 6% return on all capital used by the NHS,2and the current and future purchasing decisions of primary care groups.Other changes, however—notably, the private finance initiative and the freedom of primary care groups from capital charges—raise questions about the appropriateness of these measures of efficiency.

The main argument for the introduction of capital charges in 1992 was that NHS assets werebeing used inefficiently. Requiring NHS trusts to pay interest and dividends on their assets, and to recoup those costs through the prices charged to purchasers, would, it was argued, lead to greater cost effectiveness and allow comparisons to be made between theNHS and the private sector.3 This, however, relies on two arguable premises—firstly, that an NHS provider is sufficiently similar to a commercial enterprise that the imposition of a private sector financial regime will lead to greater efficiency; secondly, that NHS capital charges realistically represent the cost of the buildings and equipment needed to deliver services.

Taking the latter …
Evidence base of clinical diagnosis: Evaluation of diagnostic procedures
Authors: J A. Knottnerus
Journal: BMJ (2002)

This is the first of a series of five articles Development and introduction of new diagnostic techniques have greatly accelerated over the past decades. The evaluation of diagnostic techniques, however, is less advanced than that of treatments. Unlike with drugs, there are generally no formal requirements for adoption of diagnostic tests in routine care. In spite of important contributions, 1 2 the methodology of diagnostic research is poorly defined compared with study designs on treatment effectiveness, or on aetiology, so it is not surprising that methodological flaws are common in diagnostic studies.3–5 Furthermore, research funds rarely cover diagnostic research starting from symptoms or tests. Since quality of the diagnostic process largely determines quality of care, overcoming deficiencies in standards, methodology, and funding deserves high priority. This article summarises objectives of diagnostic testing and research, methodological challenges, and options for design of studies. #### Summary points Development of diagnostic techniques has greatly accelerated but the methodology of diagnostic research lags far behind that for evaluating treatments Objectives of diagnostic investigations include detection or exclusion of disease; contributing to management; assessment of prognosis; monitoring clinical course; and measurement of general health or fitness Methodological challenges include the “gold standard” problem; spectrum and selection biases; “soft” measures (subjective phenomena); observer variability and bias; complex relations; clinical impact; sample size; and rapid progress of knowledge Diagnostic investigations collect information to clarify patients' health status, using personal characteristics, symptoms, signs, history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and additional facilities. Objectives include the following.
Abstract MP67: Lactation Duration and Subsequent Intima Media Thickness in Women During Midlife Controlling for Pre-pregnancy Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: The CARDIA Study
Authors: Erica P Gunderson, Cora E. Lewis, Xian Ning, Mark Pletcher, David Jacobs, David Goff, Myron Gross, Charles Quesenberry, Stephen Sidney
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Greater lactation duration has been associated with lower incidence of the metabolic syndrome, and self-reported type 2 diabetes and heart disease in women later in life. Two retrospective studies reported higher carotid artery intima-media thickness among parous women who never or inconsistently breastfed, but no clear association with duration. However, lactation history was recalled many years later and heart disease risk factors were not measured before pregnancy. We hypothesized that lactation duration has a graded inverse association with subclinical atherosclerosis in women during mid-life independent of pre-pregnancy cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: We examined 846 women (46% Black), aged 18-30 years at enrollment in 1985-1986 (baseline) in the biracial Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Women included delivered 1 or more live births from 1986-2005, had no history of heart disease or diabetes before pregnancies, and had maximum common carotid intima media thickness (ccIMT, mm) measured in 2005-2006 at ages 38-50 years. Lactation duration was recalled within 1 to 4 years of delivery. We categorized women into four lactation groups according to cumulative duration for all post-baseline births; 0-&lt;1 month (n=262), 1-&lt;6 months (n=210), 6-10 months (n=169) and &gt;10 months (n=205). Multiple linear regression models estimated mean ccIMT (95% CI) among lactation categories adjusted for pre-pregnancy cardiometabolic risk factors [BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), HDL-C, HOMA-IR], parity, socio-demographics (age, race, education), and smoking. We also assessed weight gain and change in SBP as mediators of the lactation and ccIMT association. Results: Increasing lactation duration showed a graded inverse association with mean ccIMT; differences between &gt;10 months vs. 0&lt;1 month groups ranged from -0.062 from the unadjusted model (p&lt;0.001) and -0.029 from adjusted models (p=0.046) that included pre-pregnancy risk factors and other covariates. Weight gain and SBP change during the 20-year follow up slightly attenuated (~10%) the ccIMT-association with increased lactation duration. Conclusions: Greater lactation duration is associated with lower mean ccIMT independent of cardiometabolic risk factors measured before pregnancy, parity, socio-demographics and smoking. Lactation may have lasting favorable effects on cardiometabolic risk factors for heart disease.