tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular Mechanisms of Functional Aerobic Impairment in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: ROBERT A. BRUCE, FUSAKO KUSUMI, MANFRED NIEDERBERGER, JOHN L. PETERSEN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Maximal oxygen uptake V O O2 max ) and functional aerobic impairment (FAI) were determined by treadmill test in 42 men with coronary heart disease and in 11 slightly older healthy men. Patients were separated according to occurrence or nonoccurrence of angina with exercise. At rest and at four levels of submaximal exercise on a bicycle ergometer, cardiac output (Q), using the direct Fick principle, heart rate (HR), mean systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures, and arterial-mixed venous oxygen difference (A-V O 2 D) were evaluated in relation to relative aerobic requirement (% V o o2 max ). Q was highly correlated with V o o2 , and both the level and the rate of change of Q were lower in patients with angina at all submaximal workloads. Stroke volume (SV) and HR were significantly restricted at the higher workloads. Although peripheral resistance was increased, there was no compensatory increase in A-V O 2 D. Both restricted SV and reduced HR are responsible for cardiovascular components of the abnormal FAI found in patients with myocardial ischemia due to coronary arterial disease.
Serum Fibrin Degradation Products Throughout Normal Pregnancy
Authors: D. G. Woodfield, S. K. Cole, A. G. E. Allan, J. D. Cash
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in the serum of 169 healthy pregnant and 43 healthy non-pregnant subjects of a similar age group showed a significant increase throughout pregnancy, the highest levels being obtained in the third trimester. There was no correlation with plasma fibrinogen levels or euglobulin lysis times. Though these changes may be due to other alterations in pregnancy not primarily associated with fibrinolysis, it is possible that actual fibrinolysis is not decreased in late pregnancy, as has been previously asssumed.
Polymorphism in a <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i> Erythrocyte-binding Ligand Changes Its Receptor Specificity
Authors: D.C. Ghislaine Mayer, Jian-Bing Mu, Xiaorong Feng, Xin-zhuan Su, Louis H. Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2002)

Recognition of human erythrocytes by Plasmodium species depends in part on Region II of the Duffy binding-like family of parasite ligands, which includes BA erythrocyte binding ligand (BAEBL) of P. falciparum. In previous studies of BAEBL from two clones, Dd2/Nm from Vietnam and E12 from Papua New Guinea (PNG), it was found that BAEBL bound different erythrocyte receptors. Because of variation in binding specificity, we studied the sequence and erythrocyte binding specificity of Region II of BAEBL in P. falciparum clones from different parts of the world. We observed five nucleotide substitutions leading to five amino acid changes and five polymorphisms in Region II of BAEBL in parasites from both PNG and other parts of the world. We expressed four of the polymorphisms on COS cells and determined their binding to enzyme-treated erythrocytes and to Gerbich-negative erythrocytes. We also performed erythrocyte-binding assay using the native protein from radiolabeled culture supernatant. Both assays demonstrated that each of the four polymorphisms in the parasite ligand, BAEBL, bound to a different receptor on erythrocytes. These results suggest that P. falciparum has evolved multiple invasion pathways dependent on polymorphisms in the BAEBL ligand.
Order Calls for Safer Practices at Chemical Facilities
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perspectives on the Fifth Revision of the Declaration of Helsinki
Authors: Povl Riis
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of Semaphorin 5A Interacting Protein by Applying Apriori Knowledge and Peptide Complementarity Related to Protein Evolution and Structure
Authors: Anguraj Sadanandam, Michelle L. Varney, Rakesh K. Singh
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2008)

Abstract In the post-genomic era, various computational methods that predict protein-protein interactions at the genome level are available; however, each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, resulting in false predictions. Here we developed a unique integrated approach to identify interacting partner(s) of Semaphorin 5A (SEMA5A), beginning with seven proteins sharing similar ligand interacting residues as putative binding partners. The methods include Dwyer and Root-Bernstein/Dillon theories of protein evolution, hydropathic complementarity of protein structure, pattern of protein functions among molecules, information on domain-domain interactions, co-expression of genes and protein evolution. Among the set of seven proteins selected as putative SEMA5A interacting partners, we found the functions of Plexin B3 and Neuropilin-2 to be associated with SEMA5A. We modeled the semaphorin domain structure of Plexin B3 and found that it shares similarity with SEMA5A. Moreover, a virtual expression database search and RT-PCR analysis showed co-expression of SEMA5A and Plexin B3 and these proteins were found to have co-evolved. In addition, we confirmed the interaction of SEMA5A with Plexin B3 in co-immunoprecipitation studies. Overall, these studies demonstrate that an integrated method of prediction can be used at the genome level for discovering many unknown protein binding partners with known ligand binding domains.
Immunomodulatory derivatives induce PU.1 down-regulation, myeloid maturation arrest, and neutropenia
Authors: Rekha Pal, Sara A. Monaghan, Andrea Cortese Hassett, Markus Y. Mapara, Peter Schafer, G. David Roodman, Margaret V. Ragni, Lynn Moscinski, Alan List, Suzanne Lentzsch
Journal: Blood (2009)

Abstract The immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) lenalidomide and pomalidomide yield high response rates in patients with multiple myeloma, but the use of IMiDs in multiple myeloma is associated with neutropenia and increased risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE) by mechanisms that are unknown. We show that IMiDs down-regulate PU.1, a key transcription factor involved in granulocyte differentiation in vitro and in patients treated with lenalidomide. Loss of PU.1 results in transient maturation arrest with medullary accumulation of immature myeloid precursors and subsequent neutropenia. Accumulation of promyelocytes leads to high levels of the platelet aggregation agonist, cathepsin G stored in the azurophilic granules of promyelocytes. High levels of cathepsin G subsequently may increase the risk of VTE. To our knowledge, this is the first report investigating the underlying mechanism of IMiD-induced neutropenia and increased risk of VTE in multiple myeloma.
Court dismisses Novartis challenge to Indian patent law
Authors: Ganapati Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Patients' groups and health organisations proclaimed victory this week after an Indian court dismissed a petition by the drug company Novartis challenging a section of the Indian law on patents.

Novartis had questioned section 3(d) of the law, which prohibits patents on new forms or new uses of known substances, arguing that it was in violation of the Indian constitution and that it did not meet international trade rules. 

The Madras High Court dismissed the petition, ruling that the clause was not unconstitutional and that the issue of whether it …
Coronary atherectomy. Clinical, angiographic, and histological findings and observations regarding potential mechanisms.
Authors: R D Safian, J S Gelbfish, R E Erny, S J Schnitt, D A Schmidt, D S Baim
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Between August 5, 1988 and August 1, 1989, we attempted percutaneous directional coronary atherectomy of 76 lesions, including 42 primary lesions and 34 restenosis lesions that developed after one or more prior interventions. The procedure was successful in 67 lesions (88%), with a decrease in diameter stenosis from 80 +/- 11% to 5 +/- 15% after atherectomy (p less than 0.01). One or more complications occurred in six patients (9%), including non-Q wave myocardial infarction (three patients, 4.5%), femoral arterial injury requiring surgical repair (two patients, 3%), and proximal dissection leading to emergency bypass surgery (one patient, 1.5%). Despite these favorable acute results, the 6-month lesion restenosis rate was 30% by life-table analysis. Light microscopy of retrieved tissue revealed atherosclerotic plaque in 94%, media in 67%, and adventitia in 27%. Intimal proliferation was present in 97% of the restenosis lesions but was also evident in 33% of primary lesions. Tissue weight from 27 lesions averaged 18.5 mg (range, 5.8-45.1 mg), which is not adequate to explain the entire angiographic improvement. Thus, part of the improvement in lumen diameter appears to be due to mechanical dilatation rather than to tissue removal alone. Atherectomy can predictably treat selected coronary lesions with overall safety comparable to that of conventional balloon angioplasty, although the procedure as currently performed does not derive all of its benefit from tissue removal and does not appear to prevent restenosis.
Bulimia Nervosa Complicated by Deficiency of Vitamin K—Dependent Coagulation Factors
Authors: Kenji Niiya
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A 28-year-old woman manifested a hemorrhagic tendency caused by a deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Her condition was diagnosed as bulimia nervosa in view of a previous history of anorexia nervosa and episodes of self-induced vomiting and purging. There were no remarkable lesions in her alimentary system. In treatment of bulimia nervosa, attention should be given not only to the loss of body fluids and electrolytes, but also to the possibility of a deficiency of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors.
Aminoglycosides Induce Acute Cell Signaling and Chronic Cell Death in Renal Cells that Express the Calcium-Sensing Receptor
Authors: Donald T. Ward, David Maldonado-Pérez, Laura Hollins, Daniela Riccardi
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2005)

The aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) are calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) agonists that are toxic to the renal proximal tubule. Proximal tubule-derived opossum kidney (OK) cells express CaR-like proteins and respond to AGAs with intracellular Ca2+ mobilization and extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK) phosphorylation. To examine the possible cellular basis of AGA toxicity, acute and chronic responses to AGA treatment in OK cells and in CaR stably transfected HEK-293 cells (CaR-HEK) were studied. Changes in cell-fate signaling, proliferation, and cell death were detected by semiquantitative Western blotting, Hoechst staining, cell counting, and FACS analysis. Confocal microscopy was used to study the relative internalization of fluorophore-labeled gentamicin in CaR-transfected and -nontransfected cells. Here it is reported that the AGA neomycin and gentamicin elicit acute, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase-dependent phosphorylation of Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. After 24 h of gentamicin treatment, OK cell proliferation was observed, whereas after 4 d, the OK cells underwent cell death, an effect that was mimicked by the CaR agonists spermine and polyarginine. Furthermore, gentamicin elicited substantially more cell death in CaR-HEK cells than in nontransfected HEK-293 cells. The pan-specific caspase inhibitor Z-VAD significantly inhibited cell death in both OK and CaR-HEK cells. Finally, the intracellular uptake of Texas Red-labeled gentamicin was equivalent in both CaR-transfected and vector-transfected HEK-293 cells, suggesting that the CaR does not enhance drug uptake. Together, these observations demonstrate that the AGAs induce both acute and chronic cell fate changes in OK cells and CaR-HEK cells and that the proximal tubular CaR is likely to contribute to signaling underlying the renal toxicity of the AGAs.
Cholesterol Screening of Children-Reply
Authors: Ronald M. Lauer
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> We agree with Kashani and Nader, Stuhldreher et al, and Shannon et al that preventive cardiology is an important effort. Kashani and Nader point out that the majority of coronary heart disease occurs in low- and moderate-risk groups who make up a large proportion of the population. We also believe that this large group does deserve attention to their nutrition. The population approach to lower cholesterol levels in all children over 2 years of age has been endorsed by several consensus groups, including the American Heart Association and the National Cholesterol Education Program. Promotion of nutrition education, attention to school breakfast and lunch programs, provision of low-fat snack foods, prevention of smoking, and the reduction of obesity and other risk factors may be accomplished without the need to measure all children's cholesterol levels. With respect to the letter by Stuhldreher et al, we believe that we have
The lipid-laden foam cell: an elusive target for therapeutic intervention
Authors: H. Bryan Brewer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Over the last decade, as our understanding of cellular cholesterol metabolism has advanced, a crucial role has emerged for acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol-acyltransferase (ACAT) at several stages in the development of atherosclerosis. ACAT, the enzyme principally responsible for esterifying intracellular free cholesterol (FC) to cholesteryl esters (CEs), participates most directly in this process by promoting storage of lipid in arterial macrophages. This uptake is key to the disease process, as it transforms macrophage into arterial foam cells, the hallmark of atherosclerosis (1). In addition to its role in lipid loading of macrophages, ACAT also modulates cholesterol absorption from the intestine, secretion of VLDL from the liver, and steroidogenesis (2–5).

The FC that serves as a substrate for this enzyme may be derived directly from the diet or may be liberated from endocytosed lipoproteins by lysosomal hydrolases. The resulting CE can also be hydrolyzed back to FC in the cytoplasm by neutral CE hydrolase, and a cycle of cholesterol reesterification and hydrolysis ensues, providing both FC and CEs to satisfy the variable metabolic demands of different cells. ACAT’s role in the reesterification-hydrolysis cycle is of particular importance in modulating the concentration of membrane FC, which, in excess, can be toxic to cells.
Induction of E-Cadherin in Lung Cancer and Interaction with Growth Suppression by Histone Deacetylase Inhibition
Authors: Masatoshi Kakihana, Tatsuo Ohira, Daniel Chan, Robin B. Webster, Harubumi Kato, Harry A. Drabkin, Robert M. Gemmill
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Global Health Web Site
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Macrophage phagocytosis of aging neutrophils in inflammation. Programmed cell death in the neutrophil leads to its recognition by macrophages.
Authors: J S Savill, A H Wyllie, J E Henson, M J Walport, P M Henson, C Haslett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Mechanisms governing the normal resolution processes of inflammation are poorly understood, yet their elucidation may lead to a greater understanding of the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation. The removal of neutrophils and their potentially histotoxic contents is one prerequisite of resolution. Engulfment by macrophages is an important disposal route, and changes in the senescent neutrophil that are associated with their recognition by macrophages are the subject of this investigation. Over 24 h in culture an increasing proportion of human neutrophils from peripheral blood or acutely inflamed joints underwent morphological changes characteristic of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Time-related chromatin cleavage in an internucleosomal pattern indicative of the endogenous endonuclease activation associated with programmed cell death was also demonstrated. A close correlation was observed between the increasing properties of apoptosis in neutrophils and the degree of macrophage recognition of the aging neutrophil population, and a direct relationship between these parameters was confirmed within aged neutrophil populations separated by counterflow centrifugation into fractions with varying proportions of apoptosis. Macrophages from acutely inflamed joints preferentially ingested apoptotic neutrophils and histological evidence was presented for occurrence of the process in situ. Programmed cell death is a phenomenon of widespread biological importance and has not previously been described in a cell of the myeloid line. Because it leads to recognition of intact senescent neutrophils that have not necessarily disgorged their granule contents, these processes may represent a mechanism for the removal of neutrophils during inflammation that also serves to limit the degree of tissue injury.
Requirement for mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in the response of embryonic stem cell–derived hematopoietic cells to thrombopoietin in vitro
Authors: Marie-Dominique Filippi, Françoise Porteu, Françoise Le Pesteur, Valérie Schiavon, Gaël A. Millot, William Vainchenker, Frédéric J. de Sauvage, Anne Dubart Kupperschmitt, Francoise Sainteny
Journal: Blood (2002)
Value of radiographs in managing common foot injuries.
Authors: H. G. David
Journal: BMJ (1989)

La radiographie systematique apres traumatisme du pied ne semble pas necessaire: dans 90% des cas elle n'influence pas le choix du traitement. Elle semble recommandee cependant en cas de traumatisme de l'arriere-pied apres chute verticale. Dans les autres cas un traitement symptomatique simple est conseille, la radiographie n'est a faire qu'apres plusieurs jours si l'evolution n'est pas bonne
P32 Delivering pulmonary hypertension services--5 year experience from a Satellite centre
Authors: S. Sturney, S. Reddecliffe, H. Davies, G. Robinson, J. Easaw, J. Suntharalingam, G. Coghlan
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There are currently no National Commissioning Group (NCG) designated Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) centres in the South West. As a result patients can travel up to 300 miles to access specialist care. In 2005, a satellite service was developed at the Royal United Hospital (RUH), Bath in conjunction with the Royal Free, London. Initially the service simply provided a follow up service for patients known to the Royal Free. Since 2007 the service has fully investigated and managed new referrals locally, with supervision from the Royal Free. Patients have typically only needed to travel to an NCG centre for initiation of parenteral prostanoid therapy or for pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). <h3>Aim</h3> This abstract describes the first 5 years of activity by the RUH satellite PH service. <h3>Results</h3> As of 1st July 2010, 147 new referrals have been received, increasing steadily from 7/year in 2005–2006 to 57/year in 2009–2010. Referrals originated from 7 specialities across 12 PCTs, with 48.6% from outside the immediate catchment area. 43 patients were diagnosed with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) (including 34 with Connective Tissue Disease-related PAH), 21 with Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) (including 15 referred for PEA surgery), 13 with PH associated with lung disease, 24 with PH associated with left heart disease. PH was excluded in 45 cases. 62 have received PH-specific medication; 38 monotherapy and 24 combination therapy (including 7 intravenous, 1 subcutaneous and 2 nebulised prostanoid therapy). Survival data for the 38 treated WHO Group 1 PAH patients compares favourably with published data for NCG designated centres; 89.5% at 1 year (95% CI 74.2% to 96.6%), 82.3% at 2 years (95% CI 65.9% to 92.2%) and 77.2% at 3 years (95% CI 60.3% to 88.6%). 489 journeys were made to the RUH and only 60 to NCG centres, saving approximately 56 000 patient miles. A recent patient survey indicated high levels of satisfaction, with 94.4% stating they would rather continue follow-up locally. <h3>Discussion</h3> These results suggest that a comprehensive PH specialist service can be delivered locally in a way that is more convenient for patients whilst still maintaining national standards of care.