tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Attenuated Rubella-Vaccine Virus from Human Products of Conception and Uterine Cervix
Authors: Antti Vaheri, Timo Vesikari, Nils Oker-Blom, Markku Seppala, Paul D. Parkman, Jorge Veronelli, Frederick C. Robbins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

To evaluate the fetal hazard of accidental administration of live rubella vaccine during pregnancy, the vaccine was given to 35 women certified for legal abortion. Twenty-four of these were rubella seronegative. Various specimens, including the products of conception, were tested for rubella virus independently in three collaborating laboratories. Rubella virus was recovered from the placenta in six cases and from the fetus in one case. Virus was also found in 13 of 22 uterine cervical swabs taken nine to 25 days after vaccination of seronegative mothers. Virus was not isolated from comparable specimens obtained from women with pre-existing antibody. The results indicate a hazard of placental and fetal invasion by the vaccine virus and emphasize the need to observe precautions when post-puberal female patients are vaccinated.
Physiology's Contribution to Sport
Authors: H. Thomason
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1974)

At the present time the proliferation of scientific and medical journals is enormous.New journals are coming into being almost monthly.A recent British Nobel Laureate and some of his learned colleagues have called for an end to this seemingly endless flood.For one who works in, and attempts to keep abreast of, work in the field of exercise physiology I whole-heartedly support this move.In the main, most sportsmen and their coaches are interested in being able to perform better, that is to go faster, to go further.
Transtelephonic ECG-beepergram telemetry: A new device and method for implanted defibrillator follow-up
Authors: Lawrence J. Gessman, Sivaraman Y. Raman, Luis Janeira, Archana Patel, Francis R. Ashley, Philip Hurzeler, Alexander S. Paterson, Melvin C. White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Dysregulation of the unfolded protein response in db/db mice with diet-induced steatohepatitis
Authors: Mary E. Rinella, Shaddab M. Siddiqui, Konstantina Gardikiotes, Jeanne Gottstein, Marc Elias, Richard M. Green
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

In humans with nonalcoholic fatty liver, diabetes is associated with more advanced disease. We have previously shown that diabetic db/db mice are highly susceptible to methionine choline-deficient diet (MCD)-induced hepatic injury. Because activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is an important adaptive cellular mechanism in diabetes, obesity, and fatty liver, we hypothesized that dysregulation of the UPR may partially explain how diabetes could promote liver injury. Db/db and db/m mice were fed the MCD or control diet for 4 weeks to characterize differences in UPR activation and downstream injury. Wildtype mice (C57BLKS/J) fed the MCD or control diet were treated with SP600125; a c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor and its effect on liver injury and UPR activation was measured. The MCD diet resulted in global up-regulation of the UPR in both diabetic db/db and nondiabetic db/m mice. db/db mice had an inadequate activation of recovery pathways (GADD34, XBP-1(s)) and accentuated activation of injury pathways related to persistent eif2-α phosphorylation (activating transcription factor 4 [ATF-4], C/EBP homologous transcription factor [CHOP], oxireductase endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductin-1 [ERO-1α], JNK, nuclear factor kappaB [NF-κB]) compared to db/m mice. This led to increased expression of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), ICAM-1, and MCP-1 compared to db/m mice. Interestingly, whereas pharmacologic JNK inhibition did not prevent the development of MCD diet-induced steatohepatitis, it did attenuate UPR and downstream inflammatory signaling. Conclusion: MCD-fed db/db mice develop a more proinflammatory milieu than db/m mice associated with an impaired ability to dephosphorylate eif2-α through GADD34, impairing cellular recovery. These data may enhance our understanding of why diabetics with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis are prone to develop more severe liver injury than nondiabetic patients. (Hepatology 2011;)
P61Identification of temporally modulated lncRNAs in cardiac hypertrophy
Authors: GG Stirparo, CM Greco, P Kunderfranco, P Carullo, S Serio, R Papait, G Condorelli
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Gene expression reprogramming in cardiac myocytes is a key feature of heart hypertrophy and failure. Many mechanisms are involved in the control of gene expression. Among these, non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), such as long ncRNA (lncRNA), antisense RNA and pseudogenes, are gaining importance as regulatory elements in several cellular process, such as cell growth, apoptosis and development. Not surprisingly, the dysregulation of these RNAs has been found to cause several human diseases, such as cancer (e.g., prostate and breast cancer) and neurodevelopmental diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and spinocerebellar ataxia) and, more recently, to be implicated in cardiac commitment. Despite this, little is known about their involvement in cardiac hypertrophy and how they regulate gene expression in this pathology. The aim of this study was to provide a map of ncRNAs modulated in cardiac hypertrophy. To do this, we performed ribo-depleted RNA-sequencing on cardiomyocyte RNA isolated from mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 1, 2, 4 and 7 days. We identified ~130 lncRNA, which we divided into different classes (antisense RNA, lincRNA, processed transcripts, etc.) according to the Ensembl glossary. We found that the lncRNA signature was time-dependent modulated and could play a central role in gene expression reprogramming during cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, by clustering genes by their temporal expression profiles (with Short Time-series Expression Miner), we are able to define how biological process were modulated through time. For one cluster enriched for processes involving methyltransferase, we found an over-representation of lncRNA. This is in line with the idea that lncRNA could contribute to epigenetic reprogramming by regulating or interacting with genes involved in this process. Moreover, because identification of novel lncRNAs is critical for the understanding of the intrinsic complexity of the transcriptome, we developed a method to identify novel lincRNA, exploiting both epigenetic modification and RNA-sequencing data, which allowed us to more-accurately define transcribed regions.
Psychopharmacology for Everyday Practice
Authors: T. Byram Karasu
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The number of psychopharmacologic agents used in psychiatric and other medical fields has increased tremendously over the years. Their extensive use in outpatient clinics and private offices especially has put these drugs into the common repertoire of practitioners. Most textbooks in the field require a careful search for answers and leisurely, global learning. In their scholarly attempt to be exhaustive they undertake multiple issues simultaneously—eg, the nature of diagnosis, basic science, mechanisms of action—making reading cumbersome and time-consuming. A busy clinician on the front line would prefer quick, clear, succinct answers to the specific questions that may arise at any moment, as though he could telephone a consultant for immediate help in decision-making.Psychopharmacology for Everyday Practicefills this gap in the literature. It is written by nationally recognized leaders in psychopharmacology, who present a comprehensive and highly practical review of the field.  A unique feature of this volume is
Glucose, Lipid, and Blood Pressure Control in Australian Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Thomas M. Kemp, Elizabeth L.M. Barr, Paul Z. Zimmet, Adrian J. Cameron, Timothy A. Welborn, Stephen Colagiuri, Patrick Phillips, Jonathan E. Shaw
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

The risk of diabetes complications can be reduced by tight control of blood glucose (1), serum lipids (2), and blood pressure (3,4). However, evidence from a limited number of studies (5–9) indicates that many people with type 2 diabetes do not achieve recommended targets for these factors. We examined levels of glucose, lipid, and blood pressure control in participants with type 2 diabetes taking part in the national population-based Australian Diabetes, Obesity, and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab) (10) conducted during 1999–2000.

AusDiab was a national population-based survey of the general population and has been described in detail earlier (10). Diagnosis of diabetes was based on self-reported physician diagnosis of diabetes confirmed either by self-reported use of hypoglycemic drugs or results from a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (11). Participants who started insulin treatment within 2 years of diagnosis were classified as having type 1 diabetes (if diabetes onset was at age ≥40 years; BMI also had to be <27 kg/m2). All other cases were classified as type 2 diabetes.

Fasting (≥9 h) serum total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides were measured (Olympus AU600 analyzer; Olympus Optical, Tokyo, Japan). Total glycated hemoglobin analysis used high-performance liquid chromatography (Bio-Rad Variant Hemoglobin Testing System; Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA) with standardized conversion to HbA1c values …
Synovitis associated with serum IgM rheumatoid factor arising spontaneously in 'Old English' rabbits.
Authors: A C Hanglow, C J Welsh, P Conn, D S Thomas, R R Coombs
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

This paper reports the spontaneous development of synovitis in 9Old English9 rabbits concurrent with serum IgM rheumatoid factor. Female rabbits developed lesions at a higher incidence than males (42% compared with 17%) and the pathology was of a more severe nature. In the female rabbits synovitis was associated with concurrent high serum IgM rheumatoid factor and high serum antibody levels to Pasteurella multocida. There was no histological evidence that the joints were directly infected.
Toxic Terror: The Truth Behind the Cancer Scares
Authors: D J J Heederik
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Toxic Terror analyses some widespread beliefs about environmental health risks and tries to confront them with “scientific realities.” It discusses some specific environmental hazards, focusing on the published scientific evidence of the magnitude of the risks and on the role of all those concerned in risk analysis and decision making - such as researchers, victims, policy makers, and government officials.

For some relations between environmental factors and health, causality is clearly proved. The experimental and epidemiological evidence for a link between occupational exposure to asbestos and deaths from lung cancer and mesothelioma is massive. This enables health risks at low exposure levels to be estimated by extrapolation. Such …
Eye movements in reading: Models and data
Authors: Keith Rayner, Alexander Pollatsek, Erik D. Reichle
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

The issues the commentators have raised and which we address, include: the debate over how attention is allocated during reading; our distinction between early and late stages of lexical processing; our assumptions about saccadic programming; the determinants of skipping and refixations; and the role that higher-level linguistic processing may play in influencing eye movements during reading. In addition, we provide a discussion of model development and principles for evaluating and comparing models. Although we acknowledge that E-Z Reader is incomplete, we maintain that it provides a good framework for systematically trying to understand how the cognitive, perceptual, and motor systems influence the eyes during reading.
Hospital waiting lists increase GPs quiz their leaders on core services Medical students are worse off than other students Consultation begins on genetic testing code Medical managers call for better clinical audit training
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1996)

# Hospital waiting lists increase {#article-title-2}

Evidence of renewed pressure on hospital waiting lists in England has emerged from Department of Health figures for the quarter ended 30 September.

The total number of patients waiting for admission increased by 4000 (0.4%) to 1 060 200, which is 2% more than at the same time last year. The quarterly rise is accounted for by 4600 more patients waiting for over one year and 600 fewer who had been waiting less than 12 months. The number waiting over 12 months—15 000—is 12 900 lower than a year ago.

The junior health minister, John Horam, focused on the latter figure as a considerable achievement, recalling that six years ago there were 200 000 patients waiting more than two years. At the end of September only 26 patients were waiting for longer than 18 months.

# GPs quiz their leaders on core services {#article-title-3}

General practitioners' negotiators have agreed that it is time to review the issue of local medical committees (LMCs) and trade union protection in view of the role that LMCs might adopt in helping family doctors with negotiating and preparing contracts to provide non-core services.

LMCs have been told that they should not set prices which are then adopted by doctors but they can respond on behalf of doctors, working either in small or large groups, by negotiating contracts with health authorities or NHS trusts for various types of non-core activity. If LMCs took the initiative in setting prices that were followed by all local doctors this might give rise to a complaint to the Office of Fair Trading.

Last week members of the GMSC and secretaries and …
Reduced serologic response to mumps, measles, and rubella vaccination in patients treated with intravenous immunoglobulin for Kawasaki disease
Authors: Carline E. Tacke, Gaby P. Smits, Fiona R.M. van der Klis, Irene M. Kuipers, Hans L. Zaaijer, Taco W. Kuijpers
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Transplanting porcine hearts to humans
Authors: F. H Bach, L. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The proposal to use transgenic swine hearts, which express a human gene, as donor organs for humans has sparked new interest in xenotransplantation (transplanting tissues from one species to another). A normal pig heart transplanted to an untreated primate is destroyed by hyperacute rejection within hours or minutes. Primates have pre-existing xenoreactive natural antibodies, which attach to the endothelial cells lining the vessels of the donor organ as soon as blood flow is established after transplantation. Recipient complement is activated, and the organ is rejected.1 2 Despite this overwhelmingly strong rejection reaction, many researchers remain optimistic that clinical xenotransplantation will become a reality.

Such optimism is based on several factors. The emergence of molecular genetics has provided tools to allow a detailed understanding of the mechanisms of rejection and permitted genetic engineering of donor animals. In addition, endothelial cells in the donor organ, which may …
203 Noradrenaline vs terlipressin in hepatorenal syndrome: A prospective, randomized study
Authors: C. Alessandria, A. Marzano, A. Ottobrelli, W. Debemardi-Venon, L. Todros, M. Torrani, A. Morgando, E. Balzola, S. Martini, G. Cacace, M. Rizzetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Differences in pyrogen production by mononuclear phagocytes and by fibroblasts or HeLa cells.
Authors: P Bodel, H Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Phagocytosis of bacteria stimulates "professional" phagocytes to produce and release endogenous pyrogen (EP), the protein that mediates fever. To determine whether "nonprofessional" phagocytes also have this capacity, mouse and human fibroblasts and HeLa cells were cultured after ingestion of latex or chicken erythrocytes (CE), and EP release into culture supernate measured by mouse assay. No detectable pyrogen was released by these cell types after phagocytosis, whereas both latex and CE stimulated EP production by cultured mouse macrophages. These studies support the hypothesis that only professional phagocytes of bone marrow origin synthesize EP and induce fever.
Changes in Intracellular IFNγ and IL4 in the First Year Following Pregnancy in WHEALS Cohort Mothers
Authors: K.J. Woodcroft, S. Havstad, K.R. Bobbitt, G.R. Wegienka, C.L.M. Joseph, E.M. Zoratti, D.R. Ownby, C.C. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
A Concord in Medical Ethics
Authors: ALBERT R. JONSEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Editorials1 August 1983A Concord in Medical EthicsALBERT R. JONSEN, PH.D.ALBERT R. JONSEN, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-2-261 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Excerpt"Ethics used to be a simple matter," said the venerable physician, recently retired. "I'm glad I don't have to worry about it now." He was thinking of the days when the only ethical imperative was "do no harm"; when the ethical physician need only be competent, kind, reliable, and, when the occasion required, self-sacrificing; when the only ethical controversy concerned accepting a fee for referral. Today, the physician is well aware that the term ethics raises so many anxious, confusing questions. What of the competent physicians who, determining in their best clinical judgment that their comatose patient is beyond hope...References1. . Defining Death. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982. Google Scholar2. . Making Health Care Decisions. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1982. Google Scholar3. . Deciding to Forego Life-Sustaining Treatment. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1983. Google Scholar4. Guidelines for the determination of death: report of the Medical Consultants on the Diagnosis of Death to the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research. JAMA. 1981;246:2184-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByHuman Subjects Research, Ethics, Principles Governing Research with Human SubjectsBook reviewsDying with Dignity: A United States ViewPatient understanding of implications of medical choicesEthical Issues in a Drug Information CenterBehind Closed DoorsConsultation-liaison psychiatry and clinical ethics: A model for consultation and teachingNutritional therapy in advanced cancerSpontaneous recovery from cardiogenic shock and renal failureBrain-DeathAmerican College of Physicians Ethics Manual Part II: Research, Other Ethical Issues. Recommended Reading.Public Involvement in Medical Ethics 1 August 1983Volume 99, Issue 2Page: 261-264KeywordsComaMedical ethics Issue Published: 1 August 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Initiation of remote hepatic injury in the rat: Interactions between Kupffer cells, tumor necrosis factor-α, and microvascular perfusion
Authors: Robert W. Brock, Kirk D. Lawlor, Kenneth A. Harris, Richard F. Potter
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Severe trauma may initiate a systemic inflammatory response, which in turn may result in remote organ injury. After limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), intravital fluorescence microscopy was applied to the livers of normotensive rats to investigate the initiation of remote injury to the liver. Additionally, we determined whether Kupffer cell activation and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were involved, via perfusion deficits, in such injury. TNF-α, measured by immunoassay, peaked at 30 minutes of reperfusion, but returned to baseline within 60 minutes. Limb I/R resulted in significant increases to global hepatocellular injury measured by alanine transaminase (ALT) and lethal hepatocyte injury as seen with intravital fluorescence microscopy. Although the number of perfused sinusoids went unchanged, a significantly augmented perfusion heterogeneity was measured. After 1.5 hours of reperfusion, both TNF-α and Kupffer cells were shown to contribute to global hepatocellular injury ( e.g. , ALT). After 3 hours, TNF-α was no longer essential for this injury, suggesting that some other mechanism(s) activated Kupffer cells and initiated hepatocellular injury. Using propidium iodide and fluorescence microscopy, we found that both TNF-α and Kupffer cell activation were necessary to drive hepatocytes toward lethal injury. No additional benefits were observed with a combination of TNF-α inhibition and Kupffer cell suppression. These results not only implicate both Kupffer cells and TNF-α in the initiation of remote hepatic injury, but suggest that sinusoidal perfusion deficits are not essential for the initiation of such injury. Other mechanism(s) are likely involved in the pathogenesis of remote hepatic parenchymal injury.
Long-term results of the Italian Association of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology (AIEOP) Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Studies, 1982–1995
Authors: V Conter, M Aricò, MG Valsecchi, G Basso, A Biondi, E Madon, F Mandelli, G Paolucci, A Pession, C Rizzari, R Rondelli, L Zanesco, G Masera
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Case 37-1983
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Bernard R. Aserkoff, G. Richard Dickersin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Presentation of CaseA 76-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a liver abscess.He was well until three weeks earlier, when he began to have vague discomfort in the midportion of the abdomen that was unrelated to eating and to experience chilliness in the evening. A physician made a diagnosis of diverticulitis and prescribed tetracycline, without improvement. Five days before admission a barium-enema examination (Fig. 1), performed elsewhere, showed diverticula in the sigmoid colon and a communication between the transverse colon and what appeared to be a large, irregular, and nodular abscess cavity in the left hepatic . . .
Bromocriptine treatment of acromegaly.
Authors: M O Thorner, A Chait, M Aitken, G Benker, S R Bloom, C H Mortimer, P Sanders, A S Mason, G M Besser
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Intrinsic and extrinsic cues determine developmental trajectories of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) towards erythroid, myeloid and lymphoid lineages. To dissect early lymphoid specification events, we generated two transgenic mouse models reporting and tracing the expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). Surprisingly, transient induction of TdT was detected on a newly identified multipotent progenitor (MPP) subset which lacked self-renewal capacity but maintained multilineage differentiation potential. TdT induction by MPPs reflected a transcriptionally dynamic but uncommitted stage characterized by low expression of lineage-associated genes. Further, analysis using single-cell CITE-Seq indicated that multipotency is associated with expression of Endothelial Cell-Selective Adhesion Molecule (ESAM). Developmental progression along all lineages is defined by downregulation of ESAM and by stable TdT expression within the lymphoid trajectory. Collectively, we propose a new developmental hierarchy of early hematopoietic progenitors for which we provide their transcriptional profile as well as their phenotypic and functional properties at single cell resolution. Supported by NIH intramural funding&nbsp;