tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Results of a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP) in COPD patients: Differences in outcomes according to currently 2011 GOLD groups
Authors: Daniel Huertas, Marta López-Sánchez, Lluis Mateu, Carlos López, Mariana Muñoz-Esquerre, Jordi Dorca, Rosa Planas, Salud Santos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the PRP in a cohort of COPD patients according to currently GOLD classification.

METHODS: Prospective study performed in COPD patients included in a PRP of a tertiary center. Clinical data (pre and post PRP) was collected. Patients were classified using the GOLD 2011 guidelines. Efficacy was evaluated in terms of: improvement in 6MWT distance (≥35m), dyspnea (≥1 mMRC), and quality of life (SF12, SGRQ, London).

RESULTS: 97 of 110 patients completed the PRP (64±6yrs, 90% male, FEV1 40±16%, baseline dyspnea of 3(2-3)). An improvement in dyspnea (3[2-3] vs 2[1-2], P=0.01) and exercise tolerance (344±83m vs 392±80m, P<0.001) were observed. The time until first exacerbation was 11.2±10.3months and a significant improvement in quality of life were found. The distribution according to GOLD groups is described in Table 1.

![Figure][1] 



Patients in group C had an increased walking distance after PRP compared to group D and B. However, the major reduction in dyspnea degree was achieved in groups B and D (≥1 mMRC). No significant difference among groups in improvement of quality of life was observed.

CONCLUSIONS: The improvement in different outcomes after PRP could depend on GOLD groups. Patients in group C were who most increased the distance in 6MWT meanwhile patients in group B only improved the dyspnea after PRP.

Funded by SEPAR and FUCAP.

 [1]: pending:yes
About 74 cases of pleural mesothelioma observed in the department between 2001 and 2011
Authors: Omar Saighi, Yacine Kheloui, Ahmed Lehachi, Nabila Hadjer, Sabrina Abderrahim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: the mesothelioma is a primary tumor developed from a pleural mesothelium, very close in the asbestos exposure. This retrospective study interests 74 cases of malignant pleuroma (MPM) diagnosed by medical thoracoscopy in Blida between January 2001 and December 2011, that is an average from 5 to 7 cases a year. Purpose: it is the screening of the pathology in Algeria for better one raising awareness of the world of the work for a better protection. Patients and Methods: the recruitment of the patients is made among those presenting a liquid pleural effusion mostly recurrent the diagnosis of which was not able to be made after two needle pleural biopsies.Results: the distribution according to the gender and the age finds 87,8 % of male, 12,2 % of female, with 82,8 % of the more 50-years-old cases .average age being of 66 years with extremes of 36 and 82 years.The notion of asbestos exposure was found at 63,6 % of the patients;it is badly specified at the others. The revealing clinical symptomatology of the disease contains: the liquid pleural effusion 94 %, the chest pain 86,4 %.radiological aspects are represented by: pleural effusion 94 % is 69 cases,mamelonated pleural, thickening (4cases) and a case of pneumothorax.associated parenchymal lesions are essentially represented by nodular opacities and/or pseudotumoral. Histological aspects are essentially epithelial shape,Conclusion:The thoracoscopy is the technique of choice to make the fast diagnosis of certainly of the pleural mesothelioma.
Dermatologists should exert a greater influence over sentinel lymph node biopsy for melanoma in the U.K.
Authors: J Meirion Thomas, A V Giblin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

SIR, The polarized opinions for and against sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in melanoma were defined in recent articles by Morton and Cochran1 and Medalie and Ackerman,2 respectively. In summary, the strong argument for SLNB is that it is the best staging investigation for primary localized melanoma. The arguments against are that selective lymphadenectomy is not proven to give a survival advantage and that there is no adjuvant therapy that can benefit patients who are sentinel node positive. However, in addition, two recent publications3, 4 describe a possibly serious iatrogenic complication of selective lymphadenectomy, namely an increased incidence of local and in‐transit recurrence which may be caused by lymphatic obstruction and entrapment of melanoma cells. For all these reasons, we have argued that SLNB must be regarded as an experimental procedure and it should only be performed within the context of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) designed to validate the procedure.3, 5
Thoraco-abdominal asynchronies during spontaneous breathing in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)
Authors: Rita Priori, Marianna Laviola, Marianna Romei, Antonella Lo Mauro, Maria Grazia D'Angelo, Andrea Aliverti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Measurement of thoraco-abdominal asynchronies (TAA) is a useful tool to evaluate the action and control of the respiratory muscles. Whether studying asynchronous chest wall movements can give better insight into progressive impairment of respiratory muscle function in DMD is debated.  We studied 100 DMD patients at different stages (mean age 14.1±5.8, range 4-32 yrs), subdivided into 4 age groups (G1 RCp vs.V AB ).  In all CTR subjects volume variations of AB led RCp (negative phase shifts, figure1) independently on age. A similar behavior was found in G1 DMD patients, but not in older subjects(G2, G3 and G4) where RCp was the leading compartments(p  In conclusion, in DMD patients lying supine the action of the inspiratory rib cage muscles progressively increases with age relative to the diaphragm. Accurate monitoring of TAA during spontaneous breathing is a valid indicator of diaphragm impairment and respiratory muscle dysfunction in DMD.
Risk factors predicting mortality in patients with lung abscess
Authors: Shaista Ghazal, Nusrat Idrees, Ashok Kumar, Nadeem Rizvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction  Lung abscesses continue to express high mortality in patients hospitalised with the disease.  Objectives  To identify the factors associated with increased mortality in patients diagnosed with lung abscess.  Methods  Retrospective study performed via hospital records on patients admitted with lung abscess between January 2009 and January 2011 at the largest state-owned tertiary care centre in Karachi, Pakistan.Out of 41 patients hospitalised, 17 could not survive and were evaluated for factors to determine association with heightened mortality.  Results  Mortality due to lung abscess stood at 41.46% (17/41). Adult male patients were found to have a higher mortality with 13/17 (76.5%) expired patients being male. Majority (21/41, 51.2%) of the cases belonged to the 41-60 year old age group with highest mortality (9/17, 52.9%).Number of patients with blood sugar levels of >200 mg/dl who succumb to disease was 9/17,52.9%. Patients with history of smoking, diabetes mellitus, and alcohol intake expressed mortality rates of 70.6 %, 58.8%, and 17.6% respectively; while 29.4% of the mortalities were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa on sputum culture. A significant association was found between elevated mortality and low haemoglobin levels at time of admission; mortality was 76.5% (13/17, p  Conclusions  The risk factors involved with heightened mortality included male gender; older age; history of smoking, and diabetes. High blood sugar levels and detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on sputum cultures were also implicated. Hb level of
Epithelial Lesions Induced by N-Nitrosoheptamethyleneimine in Host and Transplanted Rat Tracheas 2
Authors: H. W. Taylor, J. Kendrick, R. A. Griesemer, P. Nettesheim
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

N-Nitrosoheptamethyleneimine (NHMI) was given by gastric intubation, at a dosage of 10 mg/kg body weight twice weekly for 5–20 weeks, to F344 rats bearing subcutaneous tracheal transplants. Groups of 5 rats were killed at 5, 10, 15, and 20 weeks, and 1 group was killed at week 33 of the experiment (13 weeks after the last NHMI dose). Sequential changes in host tracheas consisted of hyperplasia with complete loss of mucociliary epithelium, squamous metaplasia, intense mononuclear infiltration, reestablishment of mucociliary epithelium (during the course of NHMI administration) except for focal areas of hyperkeratotic squamous metaplasia or marked dystrophic changes, and finally, papillomas, polyps, and invasive squamous cell carcinomas. Lesions in tracheal transplants consisted mostly of atrophic and dystrophic changes, with only a few small foci of squamous metaplasia and no neoplastic changes.
Spontaneous Occurrence of Precipitating Antibodies to the Mammary Tumor Virus in Mice
Authors: M. Müller, Philomena C. Hageman, J. H. Daams
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

By use of the micro-Ouchterlony technique of Crowle, antibodies precipitating B particles From (C3H × 020)F1 and GR mammary tumors were Found in tumor-bearing and tumor-Free Female mice of strains C3H, CBA, C3HF, GR, and BALB/c and in (C3H × 020)F1 and (C3H × BALB/c)F1. These antibodies were directed against a soluble outer membrane antigen of the virion, since the mouse sera did not react with nucleoid preparations of the virus but did so with ether-treated B particles. The mouse antibodies gave Full identity with the particular antibody in a rabbit anti-mammary-tumor-virus (MTV) serum used as reFerence. These findings show that neither in neonatally inFected mice (C3H and CBA) nor in prenatally inFected mice (GR and C3HF) true tolerance existsto that outer membrane antigen, an antigen obviously common to the several MTV strains harbored by the serum donor mice.
Human HOIP and LUBAC deficiency underlies autoinflammation, immunodeficiency, amylopectinosis, and lymphangiectasia
Authors: Bertrand Boisson, Emmanuel Laplantine, Kerry Dobbs, Aurélie Cobat, Nadine Tarantino, Melissa Hazen, Hart G.W. Lidov, Gregory Hopkins, Likun Du, Aziz Belkadi, Maya Chrabieh, Yuval Itan, Capucine Picard, Jean-Christophe Fournet, Hermann Eibel, Erdyni Tsitsikov, Sung-Yun Pai, Laurent Abel, Waleed Al-Herz, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Alain Israel, Luigi D. Notarangelo
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2015)

Inherited, complete deficiency of human HOIL-1, a component of the linear ubiquitination chain assembly complex (LUBAC), underlies autoinflammation, infections, and amylopectinosis. We report the clinical description and molecular analysis of a novel inherited disorder of the human LUBAC complex. A patient with multiorgan autoinflammation, combined immunodeficiency, subclinical amylopectinosis, and systemic lymphangiectasia, is homozygous for a mutation in HOIP, the gene encoding the catalytic component of LUBAC. The missense allele (L72P, in the PUB domain) is at least severely hypomorphic, as it impairs HOIP expression and destabilizes the whole LUBAC complex. Linear ubiquitination and NF-κB activation are impaired in the patient’s fibroblasts stimulated by IL-1β or TNF. In contrast, the patient’s monocytes respond to IL-1β more vigorously than control monocytes. However, the activation and differentiation of the patient’s B cells are impaired in response to CD40 engagement. These cellular and clinical phenotypes largely overlap those of HOIL-1-deficient patients. Clinical differences between HOIL-1- and HOIP-mutated patients may result from differences between the mutations, the loci, or other factors. Our findings show that human HOIP is essential for the assembly and function of LUBAC and for various processes governing inflammation and immunity in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells.
Skin Cancer Risk in Gay and Bisexual Men
Authors: Aaron J. Blashill, Sherry Pagoto
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Corticosteroids for preventing chronic lung disease in very low birth weight preterm neonates-are they useful?
Authors: Oleksandr Mazulov, Olga Yablon, Konstantin Bertsun, Evgeny Vzhetson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction. Chronic lung disease (CLD) remains an important cause of mortality and morbidity in preterm infants and inflammation plays an important role in its pathogenesis. The use of corticosteroids may decrease the inflammatory process.  Aims and objectives. To determine the effect of inhaled and systemic corticosteroids during the first two weeks of life on preventing CLD in ventilated very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.  Methods. It was open-labeled single-centered trial. We compare an effect of Minidex mode (0.05 mg/kg) in 48 VLBW infants and inhalation of Budesonide (0.5 mcg/day) via nebulizer in 54 in VLBW infants in the first two weeks of life with assisted ventilation. In comparative group with 25 VLBW infants we used conventional treatment regime. Outcomes including CLD at 28 days or 36 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) and time of extubation.  Results. The number of infants with CLD at 36 weeks PMA in the inhaled steroid group was 4 [RR 0.463 (95% CI 0.126 to 1.703); Relative Risk Reduction 53.7% (95% CI -70.3 to 87.4)]. The number of CLD at 36 weeks PMA among infants in the Minidex group was 3 [RR 0.391 (95% CI 0.095 to 1.611); Relative Risk Reduction 60.9% (95% CI -61.1 to 90.5)]. The duration of mechanical ventilation was significantly shorter in the both steroid groups as compared to the control group (MD 4 days (95% CI 0.2 to 8)).  Conclusions. Our study found no significant difference in CLD at 28 days or 36 weeks of PMA in VLBW infants received different modes of corticosteroids than in control group. The time of extubation was significantly shorter in the both steroid groups as compared to the control group.
New grassroots movement aims to champion general practice
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A new membership organisation for GPs from across the United Kingdom has been set up to give voice to the issues that it says are threatening the viability of primary care. 

GP Survival (generalpracticesurvival.com) already has over 3000 members and is free to join. It aims to be the first not for profit, democratic group representing ordinary working GPs.

Andrew McIntosh, a committee member of GP Survival and a GP in Lothian, said that the group was set up because of …
Evolution of codon usage and base contents in kinetoplastid protozoans.
Authors: F Alvarez, C Robello, M Vignali
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1994)

In this study we analyze and compare the trends in codon usage in five representative species of kinetoplastid protozoans (Crithidia fasciculata, Leishmania donovani, L. major, Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei), with the purpose of investigating the processes underlying these trends. A principal component analysis shows that the G+C content at the third codon position represents the main source of codon-usage variation, both within species (among genes) and among species. The non-Trypanosoma species exhibit narrow distributions in codon usage, while both Trypanosoma species present large within-species heterogeneity. The three non-Trypanosoma species have very similar codon-usage preferences. These codon preferences are also shared by the highly expressed genes of T. cruzi and to a lesser degree by those of T. brucei. This leads to the conclusion that the codon preferences shared by these species are the ancestral ones in the kinetoplastids. On the other hand, the study of noncoding sequences shows that Trypanosoma species exhibit mutational biases toward A + T richness, while the non-Trypanosoma species present mutational pressure in the opposite direction. These data taken together allow us to infer the origin of the different codon-usage distributions observed in the five species studied. In C. fasciculata and Leishmania, both mutational biases and (translational) selection pull toward G + C richness, resulting in a narrow distribution. In Trypanosoma species the mutational pressure toward A + T richness produced a shift in their genomes that differentially affected coding and noncoding sequences. The effect of these pressures on the third codon position of genes seems to have been inversely proportional to the level of gene expression.
Induction of Mammary Dysplasia and Mammary Carcinoma in Neonatally Androgenized Female Rats by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: H Yoshida, A Kadota, R Fukunishi, K Matsumoto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Effects of neonatal androgenization on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumorigenesis infemale noninbred Sprague-Dawley rats are reported. Testosterone propionate (1.25 mg) was injected sc into 29 2-day-old rats. At 50 days of age, all rats were given 20 mg of DMBA through a stomach tube. In these androgenized rats, no corpora lutea were found in the ovaries and the induction of mammary carcinoma by DMBA was strongly suppressed, whereas the induction of mammary dysplasia was significantly accelerated in comparison with the neonatally intact controls. Mammary dysplasia in the androgenized group varied widely, with two kinds of macroscopically detectable tumor-forming lesions (solid and cystic) and with microscopic characteristics of acinar adenosis, fibrotic adenosis, fibrosis, intraductal papillary proliferative lesions, and epithelial cysts. The earliest lesions of mammary dysplasia observed were acinar adenosis nodules and microcysts, both of which appeared as multifocal phenomena as early as 25 days after administration of DMBA.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Systemic Hypertension
Authors: Irene Cano-Pumarega, Joaquín Durán-Cantolla, Felipe Aizpuru, Erika Miranda-Serrano, Ramón Rubio, Cristina Martínez-Null, Javier de Miguel, Carlos Egea, Laura Cancelo, Ainhoa Álvarez, Marta Fernández-Bolaños, Ferrán Barbé
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea and systemic hypertension (SH) are highly prevalent. Although their association has been suggested in cross-sectional studies, conflicting evidence has emerged from longitudinal studies.Objectives: To assess the association between obstructive sleep apnea and SH in the middle-aged general population.Methods: A total of 2,148 subjects were included in a longitudinal study of the Vitoria Sleep Cohort, a general population sample aged 30–70 years. We analyzed data on office blood pressure, anthropometric measures, health history, and home polygraphy. Out of 1,557 subjects who completed the 7.5-year follow-up, 377 were excluded for having SH at baseline. The odds ratios for the incidence of SH, according to the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) at baseline, were estimated in 1,180 subjects (526 men and 654 women) after adjustment for age; sex; body mass index; neck circumference; fitness level; and alcohol, tobacco, and coffee consumption. The RDI was divided into quartiles (0–2.9, 3–6.9, 7–13.9, and ≥ 14), using the first quartile as reference.Measurements and Main Results: The crude odds ratio for incident hypertension increased with higher RDI category with a dose–response effect (P < 0.001), but was not statistically significant after adjustment for age (P = 0.051). Adjustments for sex (P = 0.342), body mass index (P = 0.803), neck circumference (P = 0.885), and fitness level and alcohol, tobacco, and coffee consumption (P = 0.708) further reduced the strength of the association between RDI and SH. No differences were observed between men and women.Conclusions: Our findings do not suggest an association between obstructive sleep apnea and the incidence of SH in the middle-aged general population. Long-term follow-up longitudinal studies are needed to better ascertain this association.
Mantle-cell lymphoma: a population-based clinical study.
Authors: G A Velders, J C Kluin-Nelemans, C J De Boer, J Hermans, E M Noordijk, E Schuuring, M H Kramer, W A Van Deijk, J B Rahder, P M Kluin, J H Van Krieken
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE From a population-based non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) registry, 41 patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) -- a recently defined distinct B-cell NHL -- were selected and compared with patients with low- or intermediate-grade NHL from the same registry. PATIENTS AND METHODS The incidence and behavior of MCL in the area of the Comprehensive Cancer Center West (CCCW) from 1981 to 1989 were analyzed. Age, performance, tumor bulk, extranodal localization, stage, response to therapy, and survival were registered. Expression of cyclin D1 protein and Ki-67 were measured in 29 patients. RESULTS MCL made up 3.7% of NHLs. The median age was 68 years, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.6:1. Seventy-eight percent presented with stage IV, with the majority having bone marrow involvement. The complete response (CR) rate was 32% (13 of 41), with a median duration of 25 months. The median overall survival time was 31.5 months. The International Prognostic Index identified five patients with a low-risk score and a median survival time of 93+ months. In 23 of 29 patients, cyclin D1 overexpression was present, without any relation to overall or disease-free survival. In contrast, a proliferative index less than 10% was significantly related to a better overall survival time (50 v 24 months). CONCLUSION MCL is a disease of the elderly, who present with widespread disease and with a poor response to therapy. Although it harbors features of an indolent NHL, it behaves clinically as an aggressive NHL with a short overall survival time.