tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An intensive, five course, alternating combination chemotherapy induction regimen used in patients with advanced, unresectable head and neck cancer.
Authors: J Ensley, J Kish, E Tapazoglou, J Jacobs, A Weaver, D Atkinson, K Ahmed, R Mathog, M Al-Sarraf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

Progress in the treatment of advanced squamous cell cancer (SCC) of the head and neck (H & N) has included the development of combination chemotherapeutic regimens that achieve impressive complete response (CR) rates using two to three courses therapy with minimal toxicity and good patient tolerance. Further improvements in these results will require intensification of induction regimens. Therefore, a five course, alternating combination chemotherapy induction trial was initiated in an attempt to test the feasibility and toxicity of a prolonged, intensive induction regimen in patients with advanced SCC of H & N. Courses 1, 3, and 5 consisted of fluorouracil as a 120-hour infusion (5FU-I) with cisplatin (CACP) as an intravenous (IV) bolus. Courses 2 and 4 consisted of 3 weekly doses of high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX) followed by 5FU (5FU-b) and leucovorin rescue (LR). Forty-six stage IV patients with SCC of H & N (85% T4 and 58% N3) were entered. Thirty-one patients completed the study and 15 did not. Twenty-one of the 46 patients (46%) achieved a CR. Twenty-five of the 46 patients had N3 neck disease, ten of these 25 achieved a CR (40%), and eight did not complete therapy. Of the 15 patients not completing this study, one patient achieved a CR and eight achieved a partial response (PR). Eight of 46 (17%) were removed from study for reasons of toxicity (6% to 13%) or tumor progression (2% to 4%). The remaining seven were removed due to intercurrent medical conditions (four uncomplicated pneumonias and one gun shot wound) or lost to follow-up (2). Myelosuppression, mucositis, and skin toxicity increased in frequency by the end of the trial but were acceptable and reversible. The activity of this five-course regimen is promising given the advanced disease status of patients treated. Consideration of concurrent medical conditions, patient compliance, intensity of medical, nutritional and social support, and levels of acceptable toxicity will be necessary in the design of future, intensive induction trials.
Breathing by Double-Lung Recipients during Exercise
Authors: RICCARDO PELLEGRINO, JOSEPH R. RODARTE, ADAANI E. FROST, MICHAEL B. REID
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Ventilation during exercise is near-normal in double-lung transplant recipients despite lung denervation. We tested the hypothesis that denervation effects might be unmasked during exercise by exposing these patients to an expiratory load. Eight double-lung recipients and nine intact control subjects were exercised to exhaustion. Ergometer work increased 20 Watt every 2 min; expiratory threshold loading (4 cm H2O) was imposed for five to six breaths at each exercise level; ventilation and O2 consumption were measured. Transplant recipients and control subjects increased ventilation similarly for comparable fractions of maximal work. At maximal exercise, transplant recipients achieved lower work (62 versus 155 W; p < 0.001) and O2 consumption (0.88 versus 2.26 L/min; p < 0.001) than control subjects, with proportional reductions in tidal volume (1.6 versus 2.6 L; p < 0.05) and ventilation (38 versus 79 L/min; p < 0.01). Threshold loading decreased expiratory flow, breathing frequency, and minute ventilation in both groups (p < 0.05). Unlike control subjects, transplant recipients also slowed inspiratory flow (p < 0.05) and prolonged inspiration (p < 0.01), exaggerating the fall in breathing frequency and ventilation (p < 0.01). We conclude that afferent information from pulmonary receptors modulates inspiration during expiratory loading; bilateral denervation disrupts these pathways, causing double-lung recipients to inspire more slowly.
Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with decreased incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus hypertensive patients : The LIFE study
Authors: PM Okin, KE Harris, S Jern, Lars H Lindholm
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Regression of electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with decreased incidence of new-onset diabetes mellitus hypertensive patients : The LIFE study
Improvement in Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness with Inhaled Corticosteroids in Children with Asthma
Authors: Young Yull Koh, Myung Hyun Lee, Yong Han Sun, Yang Park, Chang Keun Kim
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

The extent of improvement in bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) with corticosteroids varies considerably among patients with asthma, although predictive factors for improvement are largely unknown. We tested the hypothesis that the improvement may vary according to family history of BHR. Children with atopic asthma (n = 121) received inhaled budesonide (800 μg per day) regularly for 6 months. Methacholine provocative concentration causing a 20% fall in FEV1 was measured before treatment and again after 3 and 6 months of treatment. A methacholine challenge test was also performed in each patient's parents, and the results were analyzed with regard to their children's response to corticosteroid therapy. When the children were classified into large (n = 40) and small (n = 40) improvement groups after 6 months of treatment, the prevalence of BHR and the bronchial responsiveness index were higher in parents of the small improvement group (28.8%, 1.145 ± 0.104) than in parents of the large improvement group (6.3%, 1.095 ± 0.064; both, p < 0.01). The magnitude of improvement in BHR at 6 months was lower in children with at least one parent with BHR (n = 45; 1.666 ± 1.244 doubling doses) than in children with non-BHR parents (n = 76; 2.531 ± 1.726, p < 0.01). Our results suggest that a family history of BHR may be an important factor in the sensitivity of BHR of individuals with asthma to inhaled corticosteroids.
Effect of Embryonic Tissue Immunization on Chemically Induced Gastrointestinal Tumors in Rats. I. Can Embryonic Antigens Act as Rejection Antigens?2
Authors: Bharti R. Bansal, Raymond Mark, Jonathan E. Rhoads, Subhash C. Bansal
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Effect of Embryonic Tissue Immunization on Chemically Induced Gastrointestinal Tumors in Rats. I. Can Embryonic Antigens Act as Rejection Antigens? Get access Bharti R. Bansal, M.D., Bharti R. Bansal, M.D. 3Department of Surgery, Alma Dea Morani Laboratory of Surgical Immunobiology, The Medical College of Pennsylvania, 3300 Henry Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19129. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Raymond Mark, M.D., Raymond Mark, M.D. 4Department of Pathology, The Medical College of Pennsylvania. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jonathan E. Rhoads, Jr., M.D., Jonathan E. Rhoads, Jr., M.D. 3Department of Surgery, Alma Dea Morani Laboratory of Surgical Immunobiology, The Medical College of Pennsylvania, 3300 Henry Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19129. 5Division of Surgery, Veterans Administration Hospital, University Ave. and Woodland Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19104. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Subhash C. Bansal, M.D. Subhash C. Bansal, M.D. 3Department of Surgery, Alma Dea Morani Laboratory of Surgical Immunobiology, The Medical College of Pennsylvania, 3300 Henry Ave., Philadelphia, Pa. 19129. 6We greatly appreciate the expert technical assistance of Mr. Joseph Henry, Mr. Tom Chotikawechkul, Ms. Eva King, and Ms. Diane Bauers. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 61, Issue 1, July 1978, Pages 189–201, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/61.1.189 Published: 01 July 1978 Article history Received: 07 October 1977 Accepted: 21 February 1978 Published: 01 July 1978
Long-term FEV1 decline and bone mineral density in asthma
Authors: Bruno Sposato, Marco Scalese, Luigi Petruzzelli, Massimo Tosti Balducci
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

It is not clear yet whether airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and lung function decline can be associated with bone mineral density. We therefore retrospectively analyzed 34 asthmatic females (mean age 48.4±9.6;mean baseline FEV1%:99.4±13.1) that had performed a methacholine challenge test (10 hyperreactive subjects; median PD20:358µg, IQR:240-806) and bone density scan (mean femoral-t-score:-0.7±0.9; mean vertebral t-score:-1.3±1.4) at asthma onset. Furthermore, to investigate a link between FEV1 decline and bone density changes in time, we considered the 23 asthmatics that had repeated such exam and FEV1 measurements at least 5 years later. No significant relationships were found either between baseline femoral/vertebral-t-scores (r=0.13; r=0.03; p=n.s), and PD20 or FEV1 decline (r=-0.09; r=-0.16; p=n.s). After 7.6±1.7 years, we found a FEV1 decline of 52.9±42.7 ml/year and a mean difference of femoral-t-score 0.09 and vertebral-t-score 0.26 in the 23 asthmatics. When comparing both FEV1 decline and t-score changes in hyperreactive/normoreactive subjects, no differences were found. On the contrary, we detected a significantly positive relationship between changes of femoral-t-scores and FEV1 decline (r=0.43;p=0.04). This suggests an association between bone density impoverishment and lung function deterioration, probably due to the inhaled corticosteroids influence on bone mineral density. However, since the vitamin D level is associated both with asthma severity and osteopenia/osteoporosis, low levels of this vitamin may negatively influence both bone density loss and FEV1 decline. Therefore, when managing asthmatics with an accelerated FEV1 decline, a bone density scan and vitamin D integration should be considered.
Regulatory T cells: which role in the pathogenesis and treatment of allergic disorders?
Authors: S. Romagnani
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Several recent data suggest the importance of different types of cells in the regulation of T‐cell effector‐mediated immune responses. However, a unique specific marker for these cells has not yet been identified. Moreover, in addition to a dedicated functional lineage, even a ‘plastic’ phenotype of regulatory T cells seems to exist. The lack of a unique specific marker for regulatory T cells, as well as their heterogeneity, make it difficult to determine whether a defect of regulatory T cells plays a role in the pathogenesis of common allergic disorders. Novel therapeutic strategies based on the induction or potentiation of regulatory T cells able to hamper allergic inflammatory reactions are desirable, but their possible efficacy and safety are not yet known. At present, therapeutic strategies able to induce an immune deviation of allergen‐specific type 2 T‐helper responses to a less polarized phenotype rather than a general immune suppression appear more realistic.
Pancreatic Cancer Patient-Derived Orthotopic Xenograft (Pdox) Cured by Fluorescence-Guided Surgery Followed by Uvc
Authors: Robert M. Hoffman, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Ali Maawy, Yong Zhang, Mako Yamamoto, Fuminari Uehara, Shinji Miwa, Shuya Yano, Michael Bouvet, Itaru Endo
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Abstract 13753: Pulmonary Hypertension in Renal Transplant Candidates: Can Hemodynamic Profiles Help Provide Insights for Therapeutic Options?
Authors: David Zlotnick, John Jayne, Michael Chobanian, Timothy Beaver, Salvatore Costa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary HTN) in patients with end stage renal disease has been estimated to be 40-50% using noninvasive techniques, and this finding has been demonstrated to be a risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality in the renal transplant (RT) population. We sought to further classify these patients based on invasive hemodynamics. Methods: We retrospectively identified twelve RT candidates over a five year period (2006-2011) who were found to have a pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≥ 40 mmHg on noninvasive testing with echocardiography and underwent a subsequent right heart catheterization prior to transplant. Patient categories were created based on hemodynamic profiles (see below). The electronic medical record was reviewed to obtain demographic, echocardiographic, and hemodynamic data. Results: All patients were on dialysis and had an arteriovenous fistula (AV fistula). Eleven of the twelve RT candidates were found to have a mean pulmonary artery ...
Fluorescence activated cell sorting for simultaneous assessment of nine surface markers of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Vasile Foris, Gabor Kovacs, Leigh Marsh, Maria Tscherner, Andrea Olschewski, Horst Olschewski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:

The role of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in pulmonary hypertension (PH) patients is unknown. In this pilot study we established a nine-colour staining assay for the Fluorescent Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) to characterize the circulating EPCs in PH patients as compared to healthy controls.

Patients and methods:

Peripheral and central venous blood was taken from PH patients and healthy controls. Mononuclear blood cells were isolated by means of density gradient centrifugation. The cells were simultaneously stained with fluorescent conjugated antibodies against the cell surface markers c-kit, CXCR2, VEGFR2, CD34, CD14, CD31, CD133, CD16, and CD45. EPCs were defined as CD34+ CD133+ VEGFR2+ cells.

Results:

N=10 PH patients (n=4 idiopathic, n=3 chronic thromboembolic, n=3 left heart disease), mean pulmonary artery pressure: 42 ± 14 mmHg, pulmonary vascular resistance: 539 ± 290 dyn·s/cm5) and n=10 healthy controls were included. No spectral overlap occurred during the nine-colour staining assessment. Circulating EPCs counted from peripheral and central blood revealed no significant differences. All cells were CD45+, suggesting their hematopoietic origin. CD34+ cells were significantly decreased in PH patients as compared to controls (0.3 % vs. 1.8 % of the mononuclear gate, p<0.005). EPCs were significantly lower in PH patients vs. control (2% vs. 44% of CD34+CD133+ cells, p<0.0001).

Conclusion:

These preliminary results suggest that multi-colour FACS is suitable for EPC quantification and characterization. Further studies are necessary to define distinct circulating EPCs as markers of PH.
Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Ioannis Karakikes, Mohamed Ameen, Vittavat Termglinchan, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Disease models are essential for understanding cardiovascular disease pathogenesis and developing new therapeutics. The human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology has generated significant enthusiasm for its potential application in basic and translational cardiac research. Patient-specific iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes offer an attractive experimental platform to model cardiovascular diseases, study the earliest stages of human development, accelerate predictive drug toxicology tests, and advance potential regenerative therapies. Harnessing the power of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes could eliminate confounding species-specific and interpersonal variations and ultimately pave the way for the development of personalized medicine for cardiovascular diseases. However, the predictive power of iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes as a valuable model is contingent on comprehensive and rigorous molecular and functional characterization.
The incidence and risk factors of ventilator associated pneumonia on the mortality in patients with traumatic brain injury
Authors: Kyriaki Tsikritsaki, Ioannis Dimitroulis, Katerina Dimakou, Konstantina Mendrinou, Irena Tsioumboutariou, Michael Toumbis, George Koukoulitsios
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background and Goal of Study: Our objective was to describe the incidence, risk factors and evaluate the influence of Ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) on the mortality and morbidity in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: During December 2008-January 2012, 133 patients with TBI requiring mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours and GCS≤8 were studied, 83 males and 50 females. The mean age was 36yrs. On admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) they had body mass index 23±7 kg/m² and APACHE II score 18±4. Out of 133 patients the 34 had co morbid medical illness.

Results: VAP occurred in 40 out of 133 TBI patients There was no difference in predominance as far as gender was concerned. Incidence of VAP was significantly associated to patients requiring longer mechanical ventilation 14 days± 2 and longer sedation 10 days±2. Patients with co morbid medical illness and VAP were associated with a significantly greater degree of nonneurological organ system dysfunction, though there was no difference in frequency of VAP development compared to the patients without co morbid medical illness. Although VAP was not associated with increased hospital mortality, patients who developed VAP had a longer duration of mechanical ventilation (24 versus 8 days, p < 0.0001) and longer ICU lengths of stay (28 versus 10 days, p < 0.0001.

Conclusions & Discussion: The incidence of VAP in patients with TBI is high; however, its appearance does not affect the prognosis and does not seem to be associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality though increases the mechanical ventilation duration and the ICU length of stay.
N-myc amplification in an infant with stage IVS neuroblastoma.
Authors: S L Cohn, C V Herst, H S Maurer, S T Rosen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

N-myc amplification is most frequently found in neuroblastoma from patients with stage III and IV disease. Recently a significant association between genomic amplification and poor prognosis has been demonstrated. The primary tumors studied from patients with stage IVS disease have reportedly had a single copy of N-myc, and these patients are alive without progressive disease. We report a patient with stage IVS neuroblastoma with N-myc amplification who developed widespread metastasis within 6 months of diagnosis. The same correlation between oncogene copy number and progressive disease that has been seen in those patients with stage II, III, and IV disease was seen in this patient with stage IVS neuroblastoma.
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by a topical agent: 2-chlorobenzylidene malonitrile (CS) gas
Authors: K. Wu, A. Husain, R. Barry
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis induced by a topical agent: 2‐chlorobenzylidene malonitrile (CS) gas Get access K. Wu, K. Wu Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Husain, A. Husain Cellular Pathology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. E‐mail: keithwu@doctors.net.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Barry R. Barry Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 1, 1 January 2011, Pages 227–228, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10070.x Published: 01 January 2011
Gemfibrozil in the Treatment of Resistant Familial Hypercholesterolemia and Type III Hyperlipoproteinaemia
Authors: R Houlston, J Quiney, G F Watts, B Lewis
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1988)

The efficacy of gemfibrozil in the treatment of resistant familial hypercholesterolaemia and type III hyperlipoproteinaemia was evaluated in 26 individuals over a mean period of 16 months. In the untreated state both disorders are associated with a high frequency of coronary heart disease. In the former, gemfibrozil with a bile acid sequestrant reduced plasma cholesterol by 32%, an incremental decrease of 17% compared with sequestrant therapy alone. In type III, plasma cholesterol was reduced by 40% and plasma triglyceride by 70%, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased by 45%. In none of the patients studied did clinical or biochemical side effects occur.
Effects of Streptovaricins and Their Degradation Products on RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase of Rauscher Leukemia Virus2
Authors: L. H. Li, C. H. Cowie, L. G. Gray, D. M. Moran, T. D. Clark, K. L. Rinehart
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Effects of Streptovaricins and Their Degradation Products on RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase of Rauscher Leukemia Virus Get access L. H. Li, L. H. Li Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar C. H. Cowie, C. H. Cowie Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. G. Gray, L. G. Gray Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. M. Moran, D. M. Moran Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. D. Clark, T. D. Clark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. L. Rinehart, Jr. K. L. Rinehart, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 2, February 1977, Pages 239–243, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.2.239 Published: 01 February 1977 Article history Received: 26 June 1975 Revision received: 19 May 1976 Accepted: 08 July 1976 Published: 01 February 1977
Impulse oscillometry assessment of small airway dysfunction pre- and post-bronchodilator in asthma and its relationship to disease severity
Authors: Kerry Gove, Barber Clair, Thomas Brown, Hitasha Rupani, Lorraine Hewitt, Ray Emma, Elisabeth Aitken, Ramesh Kurukulaaratchy, Anoop Chauhan, Peter Howarth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Rationale:  Impulse oscillometry (IOS) if an effort independent method of evaluating total airway resistance (R5), large airways resistance (R20) and small airways resistance (R5-R20). Thus IOS can be used to gain insight into the contribution of small airways disease to disease persistence in treatment resistant asthma.   Methods:  IOS measures (Jaeger Masterscreen TM  ) were madebefore and after2.5 mgs nebulized salbutamol (asthmatics only) in 80 healthy controls (HC), 33 non-steroid treated mild asthmatics (MA), 35 steroid treated step 2/3 asthmatics (ModA) and 121 treatment-resistant step4/5 severe asthmatics (SA). Group comparisons were undertaken using non-parametric statistical analysis.   Results:  There was no statistical difference in the mean ages of the 4 groups. Small airways resistance was not statistically different between MA and HC but was significantly greater in ModA and SA than HC (p Conclusion:  Increased  s mall airways resistance is a feature of ModA and SA and fails to normalize with high dose bronchodilator therapy, indicative of the contribution of mechanisms other than smooth muscle constriction to persistent physiological dysfunction.   Funding:  WSAC was funded by the Medical Research Council UK.