tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eosinophil markers in seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: L. P. Nielsen, T. Bjerke, M. B. Christensen, M. Skamling, C. G. B. Peterson, N. Mygind, R. Dahl
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Background The purpose was to study activation markers of the eosinophil granulocytes in seasonal allergic rhinitis, and the impact of topical steroid therapy thereupon. Methods Sixty‐three rhinitis patients with monoallergy to grass were examined before and at peak pollen season. Blood eosinophil count, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) in serum and nasal lavage fluid were measured. During the season, patients were randomized to treatment with intranasal fluticasone propionate 0.1 mg o.d. ( n =26), 0.2 mg o.d. ( n =25), or placebo (n = 12). Six healthy persons served as controls. Results During the season, all parameters, except nasal lavage ECP, increased in the placebo group (P&lt;0.001 – P&lt;0.05). Significant differences were seen between the steroid grotips and the placebo group for all parameters (P&lt;0.001–F&lt;0.05). Higher eosinophil count (P&lt;0.05), serum EPO (F&lt;0.02), and nasal lavage EPO (P&lt;0.05) were found in patients before season than in controls. The following winter, 44 patients returned for repeated measurement. Lower levels of nasal lavage EPO were observed for patients than levels at the beginning of the season (P&lt;0.0001). Conclusions Intranasal fluticasone propionate reduced inflammation of the nasal mucosa, demonstrated locally by nasal lavage ECP and EPO, and systemically by blood eosinophils, serum ECP, and serum EPO. EPO seemed more sensitive than ECP as indicator of allergic inflammation. EPO demonstrated some perennial eosinophil activity in hay fever patients, increasing locally during spring.
Cytogenetic risk stratification of 417 patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia from a single institution
Authors: Guilin Tang, Liping Zhang, Bin Fu, Jianhua Hu, Xinyan Lu, Shimin Hu, Ankita Patel, Maitrayee Goswami, Joseph D. Khoury, Guillermo Garcia‐Manero, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Sa A. Wang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Approximately 30% of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) have karyotypic abnormalities and this low frequency has made using cytogenetic data for the prognostication of CMML patients challenging. Recently, a three-tiered cytogenetic risk stratification system for CMML patients has been proposed by a Spanish study group. Here we assessed the prognostic impact of cytogenetic abnormalities on overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) in 417 CMML patients from our institution. Overall, the Spanish cytogenetic risk effectively stratified patients into different risk groups, with a median OS of 33 months in the low-, 24 months in intermediate- and 14 months in the high-risk groups. Within the proposed high risk group, however, marked differences in OS were observed. Patients with isolated trisomy 8 showed a median OS of 22 months, similar to the intermediate-risk group (P = 0.132), but significantly better than other patients in the high-risk group (P = 0.018). Furthermore, patients with more than three chromosomal abnormalities showed a significantly shorter OS compared with patients with three abnormalities (8 vs. 15 months, P = 0.004), suggesting possible a separate risk category. If we simply moved trisomy 8 to the intermediate risk category, the modified cytogenetic grouping would provide a better separation of OS and LFS; and its prognostic impact was independent of other risk parameters. Our study results strongly advocate for the incorporation of cytogenetic information in the risk model for CMML.
Web-based participatory surveillance of infectious diseases: the Influenzanet participatory surveillance experience
Authors: D. Paolotti, A. Carnahan, V. Colizza, K. Eames, J. Edmunds, G. Gomes, C. Koppeschaar, M. Rehn, R. Smallenburg, C. Turbelin, S. Van Noort, A. Vespignani
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Hospice Care in the United States: A Conversation With Florence S. Wald
Authors: F S Wald
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
183. Hemochromatosis: AAV Coding an Antisense Gene Against DMT-1 Iron Transporter in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Acts as RNAi. And Inhibits Iron Transport
Authors: Fernando E. Ezquer, Marco T. Nunez, Yedy Israel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Hemochromatosis, the most prevalent inborn genetic disease (1:200 in Caucasians) is characterized by an increased iron absorption by enterocytes. Iron accumulates in the liver promoting oxidative stress, DNA damage and cirrhosis. Long-term reduction of intestinal iron transport by inhibition of the transporter DMT-1 could conceivably be achieved in vivo by oral administration of AAV vectors carrying a gene that can transcribe a short antisense RNA. Studies presented show that an AAV carrying a short antisense coding gene preceded by a CMV promoter and a SV40 poly-A signal strongly reduces apical uptake of iron in intestinal Caco-2 cells. The anti DMT-1 antisense gene led to a marked reduction (−80%) in DMT-1 mRNA and to very low DMT-1 antisense mRNA levels, suggesting that after hybridizing both RNA molecules are hydrolyzed into short ds RNA by the enzyme Dicer.DMT-1 levels are controlled by intracellular iron, such that sustained reductions in enterocytes are likely to lead to compensatory enhanced traslation by increased stability of DMT-1 mRNA. Present studies address whether the same RNAi-like mechanism inhibits the basolateral transport of iron by ferroportin a basolateral transporter that releases iron from enterocytes into the circulation. The latter does not present the feedback that DMT-1 has. Overall, studies presented suggest that enhanced the iron transport seen in hemochromatosis could be blunted by AAV-mediated gene therapy.
Erythema elevatum diutinum and HIV infection: a report of five cases
Authors: None Muratori, None Carrera, None Gorani, None Alessi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Erythema elevatum diutinum (EED) is emerging as a specific HIV-associated dermatosis, 11 cases having so far been reported in the medical literature and five patients with the disease having been seen by us during the last 4 years. As the disease is poorly known, it is easily confused with Kaposi's sarcoma or bacillary angiomatosis, but the histopathological features are diagnostic. EED is considered to be an immune complex-mediated vasculitis. A streptococcal infection seemed to be the trigger factor in four of our patients. Partial control of the cutaneous lesions was achieved by the use of antibiotics.
Cigarette smoking, fitness, and obesity as predictors of chemoprevention adherence among women in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Program (NSABP) Breast Cancer Prevention Trial (BCPT).
Authors: S. R. Land, N. Christian, W. M. Cronin, D. Wickerham, J. P. Costantino, P. A. Ganz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

1524 Background: The double-blind, prospective, BCPT demonstrated a 50% reduction in the risk of breast cancer (bc) for tamoxifen (T) v placebo (P), yet many women at risk of bc do not adhere to the full 5-year course. The goal of this first report of the rich BCPT drug adherence data is to identify groups susceptible to poor adherence, based on their obesity, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and leisure-time physical activity. Methods: 13,338 women at high risk of bc were randomly assigned 6/92-9/97 to 20 mg/day T v P; we analyzed the 11,064 enrolled more than 3 years (yrs) before the trial unblinding 5/98. Endpoints are drug adherence (taken 100% of assigned pills per staff-administered questionnaires, excluding protocol-required discontinuation) at 1 and 36 months (mos). Protocol-specified multivariable logistic regression tested lifestyle factors, controlling for anticipated demographic and medical predictors. Odds ratios (OR) are given with 95% bracketed confidence intervals. Results: At baseline, 60% were overweight/obese. 45.7% had moderate/heavy fitness activity. 20.5%, 65.8%, 13.3% drank 0, 0-1, 1+ alcoholic drinks/day. 12.8% were current smokers. 74.8% were on-study and adherent at 1 mo; 24.6% at 3 yrs. Alcohol abstinence predicted adherence at 1 mo (p = 0.033; OR = 1.2 [1.1-1.4] for 0 versus 1+), as did age (p < 0.001; OR = 1.3 [1.2-1.4] for age 60+), single habitation (p = 0.007; OR=1.2 [1.05-1.4]), race (p = 0.005; 1.1.7.7 for white, Hispanic, other v Black, CI not shown), social support (p = 0.026; OR = 1.1 [1.01-1.2]), and comorbidity (p = 0.021; OR = 1.2 [1.02-1.3]). At 3 yrs, smoking (p = 0.031; OR = 0.85 [0.73-0.99]), race (p < 0.001; OR = 1.4.8.5 for white, Hispanic, other v Black), bc risk (p = 0.023; OR = 1.2 [1.1-1.4] high v low), social support (p < 0.001; OR = 1.3 [1.1-1.4]), comorbidity (p < 0.001; OR = 2.2 [1.9- 2.7]), treatment (p = 0.031; OR = 0.9 [.82-.99] T v P ), and self-reported symptoms (p < 0.001; OR = 0.82 [0.74-0.90]) predicted adherence. There were no significant associations with obesity or fitness. Conclusions: Alcohol use and smoking might indicate a need for greater adherence support. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Lilly AstraZeneca National Cancer Institute
926. Bcl-xL Gene Transfer Improves Graft Survival and Prolongs the Cold-Preservation Time in the Heart Transplantation
Authors: Jinghua Huang, Yoshinori Ito, Takeshi Uzuka, Masayoshi Kobune, Yukiko Honma, Kiminori Nakamura, Hiroaki Uchida, Hironari Dehari, Hirofumi Hamada
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)
Hospital-Level Factors Associated With Mortality After Endovascular and Open Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair
Authors: Caitlin W. Hicks, Elizabeth C. Wick, Joseph K. Canner, James H. Black, Isibor Arhuidese, Umair Qazi, Tammam Obeid, Julie A. Freischlag, Mahmoud B. Malas
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Endovascular technology has become ubiquitous in the modern care of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), yet broad estimates of its efficacy among variable hospital and regional settings is not known.To perform a preliminary analysis of hospital effects on mortality following open AAA repair (OAR) and endovascular AAA repair (EVAR).A retrospective analysis of the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was conducted on all patients undergoing OAR or EVAR from July 1, 2010, to November 30, 2012, using Current Procedural Terminology codes.Weight-adjusted 30-day observed to expected mortality ratios were compared based on hospital type (academic vs community) and size (100-299 beds vs 300-500 beds vs >500 beds).Data on 11,250 patients (2466 underwent OAR and 8784 underwent EVAR) were analyzed. Endovascular AAA repair was performed more frequently than OAR at both academic (78.8%) and community (68.2%) hospitals. Overall 30-day mortality was 14.0% for OAR and 4.3% for EVAR (P < .001). Hospital size was significantly associated with mortality for OAR (observed to expected mortality ratio: >500 beds, 0.88 vs 300-500 beds, 1.11 vs 100-299 beds, 1.59; P = .01) but not for EVAR (P = .27). In contrast, hospital type was significantly associated with mortality for EVAR (observed to expected mortality ratio: academic, 0.60 vs community, 2.60; P < .001) but not OAR (P = .46). Multivariable analysis of hospital-level factors suggested that, for all outcomes, academic hospital type was the single most significant predictor of reduced mortality following AAA repair (observed to expected mortality ratio: academic, 0.91 vs community, 2.00; P = .05).Based on this preliminary report, outcomes for both OAR and EVAR appear to depend greatly on hospital-level effects. The relative safety of EVAR vs OAR may depend on appropriate patient selection and adequate access to multidisciplinary care in order to minimize failure to rescue rates and improve survival.
Comparative analysis of immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction and focus-floating microscopy for the detection of Treponema pallidum in mucocutaneous lesions of primary, secondary and tertiary syphilis
Authors: H. Müller, K. Eisendle, W. Bräuninger, H. Kutzner, L. Cerroni, B. Zelger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

The incidence of syphilis is increasing in many parts of the world including a re-emergence in Western Europe and North America. Depending on the disease stage, direct detection of Treponema pallidum in mucocutaneous lesions of syphilis may be difficult and histopathological findings are not always straightforward. Thus, the correct histological diagnosis may be challenging.Comparatively to evaluate the evidence for infection with T. pallidum by immunohistochemistry (IHC), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and focus-floating microscopy (FFM).A series of 86 paraffin-embedded skin biopsy samples from patients with primary, secondary or tertiary syphilis was assessed for detection of T. pallidum by IHC and FFM; 45 specimens were also investigated by a T. pallidum-specific PCR analysis. Histopathological reaction patterns and number and distribution of treponemes were studied, and all data were re-evaluated by clinicopathological correlation.Using a polyclonal antibody directed against T. pallidum, we detected the presence of T. pallidum by IHC in 42/86 (49%) samples [6/9 (67%) primary, 34/62 (55%) secondary and 2/15 (13%) tertiary syphilis]. T. pallidum-specific DNA was detected in 31/45 (69%) specimens [4/4 (100%) primary, 26/34 (76%) secondary and 1/7 (14%) tertiary syphilis]. In comparison, FFM analysis resulted in an overall detection rate of 82/86 (95%) [9/9 (100%) primary, 60/62 (97%) secondary and 13/15 (87%) tertiary syphilis]. Significant differences were observed concerning amount and distribution of organisms (epitheliotropic vs. endotheliotropic) in correlation to the three disease stages and to histopathological reaction patterns.FFM is a highly sensitive and specific method to detect T. pallidum in tissue from mucocutaneous syphilis lesions. Our results indicate that a combination of PCR and FFM, as the most sensitive approach, could provide an additional benefit for the histopathological diagnosis of (late) secondary and tertiary syphilis and may be helpful in cases where serological testing of T. pallidum antibodies has failed, but the clinical suspicion for syphilis remains.
Elastic fibres in the dermal papilla
Authors: TAKUO TSUJI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

SUMMARY The straight elastic fibres aligned perpendicularly to the dermo-epidermal junction have been examined by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. We found that these fibres connect the basal lamina to the underlying dermal elastic tissue, and it seems likely that they are involved in dermoepidermal adhesion.
Human skin Langerhans cells are targets of dengue virus infection
Authors: Shuenn-Jue L. Wu, Geraldine Grouard-Vogel, Wellington Sun, John R. Mascola, Elena Brachtel, Ravithat Putvatana, Mark K. Louder, Luis Filgueira, Mary A. Marovich, Henry K. Wong, Andrew Blauvelt, Gerald S. Murphy, Merlin L. Robb, Bruce L. Innes, Deborah L. Birx, Curtis G. Hayes, Sarah Schlesinger Frankel
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
691. CFTR mRNA Is Expressed in Lungs of CFTR-KO Mice Following Administration of Adult Marrow Cells from Wild-Type Donor Mice
Authors: Kaarin K. Goncz, Roberto Loi, Travis Beckett, Robert Prenovitz, Daniel J. Weiss
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
A novel approach for treatment of cystic fibrosis and other lung diseases is suggested by recent studies demonstrating that airway and alveolar epithelium in adult mice can be repopulated with cells derived from bone marrow of adult donor mice. The mechanisms by which marrow-derived cells transform into epithelial cells are unknown. However pre-existing lung injury increases localization of bone marrow cells to lung epithelium suggesting that active repair or remodeling of lung epithelium may create a more conducive environment for bone marrow cells to lodge and transform into epithelial cells. We have previously demonstrated that donor-marrow-derived cells could localize to lungs of CFTR KO mice and that different experimentally-induced injury patterns could influence the distribution of the recruited marrow cells in the recipient lungs. We now demonstrate that wildtype CFTR mRNA is expressed in CFTR-KO lungs following administration of donor marrow cells from animals containing wtCFTR. Adult female CFTR-KO mice aged 6-12 weeks received intraperitoneal administration of naphthalene (275 mg/kg body weight of a stock solution of 10 ml/kg in sterile soybean oil) to induce airway lung epithelial injury. 3-4 days later, at the time of peak lung injury, treated and naive control CFTR KO mice received tail vein injection of 1 × 106 stromal marrow cells originally obtained from transgenic constitutive GFP-expressing donors (C57Bl/6 background) and cultured for 10 days prior to use. Mice were euthanized 1 week and 3 months after donor marrow cell administration and the lungs flash frozen in liquid N2, homogenized, and RNA extracted with Trizol. DNAse-treated purified RNA was reverse transcribed followed by PCR amplification using specific primers for murine CFTR (mCF11/mCF12). wtCFTR was observed in naphthalene-injured CFTR-KO mouse lungs collected 3 months but not 1 week after donor marrow administration. No wtCFTR expression was detected in un-injured transplanted CFTR-KO mice at either time point. Importantly, wtCFTR mRNA expression was not detected in donor marrow cells or in mature circulating leukocytes. These results suggest that donor marrow cells that traffic to lung subsequently express wtCFTR as they acquire an epithelial cell phenotype. Lung injury appears to increase this process. Importantly, these results suggest that marrow cells can directly traffic to lung and express a specific lung epithelial protein. Engraftment of the recipient marrow may not be necessary.
Abstract 9270: Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction is Associated with Increased Vascular Resistance and Reduced VO2max in Patients Awaiting Kidney Transplantation
Authors: Stephen M Ting, Sudheer Koganti, Robert Higgins, Christopher Imray, Nicolas Aldridge, Rosemary Bland, Daniel Zehnder, Prithwish Banerjee
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Hypothesis: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a major contributor to high mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. We hypothesize that LV diastolic stiffness, in part caused by loss of large artery elasticity in CKD, promotes reduction in cardiovascular reserve. Methods: 68 CKD patients (age, 46 ± 13 years; male, 61%) waitlisted for kidney transplantation were prospectively recruited in 2010. TD echocardiography, arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) and symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing were performed to determine the relationship between LV diastolic function, arterial stiffness and cardiovascular reserve. Patients were evaluated and categorised into quartile groups according to the level of maximal exercise oxygen capacity (VO2max). Results: Reduced VO2max was significantly associated with higher E/E∋ (p= 0.002). E/E∋ was calculated using the averaged of septal and lateral mitral annular lengthening velocities. A high E/E∋ was also associated with a worse anaerobic threshold (AT) (p&lt;0.001). These patients (with low VO2max and high E/E∋) also demonstrated a significantly greater aortic stiffness (p= 0.026). VO2max was inversely correlated with both E/E∋ (r= -0.413, p= 0.001) and PWV (r= -0.355, p= 0.003). Distribution of gender and history of coronary artery disease were no different between the groups. Conclusions: Evidence for diastolic dysfunction with increased LV filling pressure and diastolic stiffness by the measure of E/E∋ was strongly associated with poor functional cardiovascular reserve. The importance of ventriculo-arterial coupling in the complex mechanism of CKD mediated CHF is evidenced by the significant association between high E/E∋ and increased aortic stiffness.
M2 macrophages derived from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension are susceptible for apelin-mediated suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines
Authors: Lars Harbaum, Jasmin Wellbrock, Juliane Diedrich, Jan K. Hennigs, Jan Heyckendorf, Carsten Bokemeyer, Walter Fiedler, Hans Klose, Nicole Lüneburg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  Apelin (APLN) and its receptor (APLN-R) have been indicated to influence inflammatory processes. The present analysis aimed (1) to demonstrate the possible involvement of alternatively activated (M2) macrophages to the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) and (2) to assess the effect of the APLN on M2 macrophages derived from IPAH patients.  Methods:  Monocytes were isolated from IPAH patients and age-gender-matched healthy subjects. Cells were labeled with BCECF to assess adherence to human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (HPAEC). To generate M2 macrophages, monocytes were stimulated with M-CSF and IL-4. FACS was used to assess CD11b and APLN-R expression. Cytokine expression was assessed by proteome profiling and RT-PCR following stimulation with APLN.  Results:  Hypoxia and Th2-type cytokine IL-4 stimulated synergistically adhesion of monocytes isolated from IPAH patients to HPAEC. The effect of IL-4 was dose-dependent. In vitro generated CD11b+ M2 macrophages derived from IPAH patients demonstrated a significant increased expression of the APLN-R compared to healthy subjects (p Conclusion:  We demonstrate that the Th2-pathway in patients with IPAH leads to an increased pulmonary arterial accumulation of monocytes. M2 macrophages derived from IPAH patients are susceptible for APLN-mediated suppression of cytokines. Our findings point out an anti-inflammatory action of APLN in IPAH.