tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Catheter ablation using radiofrequency current to cure symptomatic patients with tachyarrhythmias related to an accessory atrioventricular pathway.
Authors: M Schlüter, M Geiger, J Siebels, W Duckeck, K H Kuck
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Recent investigations have shown that cure of patients with symptomatic tachyarrhythmias related to an accessory atrioventricular pathway may be achieved by closed-chest electrode catheter ablation of the accessory connection. Direct current shocks have primarily been used for this purpose, but its applicability is limited because of the lack of controlled titration of electrical energy, the infliction of barotrauma, and the need for general anesthesia. Radiofrequency current has been proposed as an alternate energy source. METHODS AND RESULTS Seventy-three symptomatic patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and 19 patients with only retrogradely conducting (concealed) pathways underwent ablative therapy with radiofrequency current. There were 71 accessory pathways located on the left side of the heart (57 free-wall and 14 posteroseptal pathways) and 25 on the right side (11 free-wall, seven posteroseptal, and seven midseptal or anteroseptal pathways). In patients with right-sided pathways, ablation was attempted via a catheter positioned at the atrial aspect of the tricuspid annulus. In patients with a left-sided free-wall accessory pathway, a novel approach was used in which the ablation catheter was positioned in the left ventricle directly below the mitral annulus. Accessory pathway conduction was permanently abolished in 79 patients (86%). Growing experience and improved catheter technology resulted in a 100% success rate after the 52nd consecutive patient. Failures were mainly the result of inadequate catheters used initially or an unfavorable approach to left posteroseptal pathways. CONCLUSIONS Catheter ablation of accessory atrioventricular pathways by the use of radiofrequency current is an effective and safe therapeutic modality for patients with symptomatic tachyarrhythmias mediated by these pathways.
Testing the sensitivity hypothesis in practice: tools and methods, assumptions and pitfalls
Authors: M Camilleri
Journal: Gut (2002)

Visceral hypersensitivity is widely regarded as the reason for the development of functional gastrointestinal disorders, including functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome. The principles and techniques involved in testing the hypothesis that visceral sensitivity is important are discussed, together with the controversies in the assumptions, methods, and interpretations of the data acquired to date.
MINIMAL SODIUM LOSSES THROUGH THE SKIN 1
Authors: Kenneth D. Arn, Ann Reimer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1950)

The widespread administration of very low so- dium diets makes it highly desirable to determine the amounts of sodium lost by each of the three excretory paths.It is a relatively simple matter to measure the urinary and fecal losses of sodium, and these values have been determined repeatedly in this laboratory (1) for normal subjects who are in balance on a daily intake of approximately 9 mEq. of sodium.Under these circumstances the urine values varied from 0.5 to about 2.5 mEq.and the fecal content of sodium was close to 1 mEq.These values make it evident that the largest of the three losses is from the skin.The outgo through the skin must be considered under two headings. 1)The sodium content of the sweat, that is, the fluid delivered to the skin sur- face by the activity of the sweat glands.Normal sweat contains from 15 to 60 mEq.per liter (2).Sharp restriction of sodium intake results in a
Skin Autofluorescence Reflects Integration of Past Long-Term Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Eri Sugisawa, Junnosuke Miura, Yasuhiko Iwamoto, Yasuko Uchigata
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

The aim was to investigate the relationships between skin autofluorescence (AF) and the impact of past glycemic control and microvascular complications in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes.
Fine Particulate Matter Constituents Associated with Cardiovascular Hospitalizations and Mortality in New York City
Authors: Kazuhiko Ito, Robert Mathes, Zev Ross, Arthur Nádas, George Thurston, Thomas Matte
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

BackgroundRecent time-series studies have indicated that both cardiovascular disease (CVD)mortality and hospitalizations are associated with particulate matter (PM). However, seasonal patterns of PM associations with these outcomes are not consistent, and PM components responsible for these associations have not been determined. We investigated this issue in New York City (NYC), where PM originates from regional and local combustion sources.ObjectiveIn this study, we examined the role of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and its key chemical components on both CVD hospitalizations and on mortality in NYC.MethodsWe analyzed daily deaths and emergency hospitalizations for CVDs among persons ≥ 40 years of age for associations with PM2.5, its chemical components, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide, and sulfur dioxide for the years 2000–2006 using a Poisson time-series model adjusting for temporal and seasonal trends, temperature effects, and day of the week. We estimated excess risks per interquartile-range increases at lags 0 through 3 days for warm (April through September) and cold (October through March) seasons.ResultsThe CVD mortality series exhibit strong seasonal trends, whereas the CVD hospitalization series show a strong day-of-week pattern. These outcome series were not correlated with each other but were individually associated with a number of PM2.5 chemical components from regional and local sources, each with different seasonal patterns and lags. Coal-combustion–related components (e.g., selenium) were associated with CVD mortality in summer and CVD hospitalizations in winter, whereas elemental carbon and NO2 showed associations with these outcomes in both seasons.ConclusionLocal combustion sources, including traffic and residual oil burning, may play a year-round role in the associations between air pollution and CVD outcomes, but transported aerosols may explain the seasonal variation in associations shown by PM2.5 mass.
Fatal Aortic--Oesophageal Fistula from a Swallowed Piece of Bone
Authors: G. W. A. Dick, G. E. Nevill
Journal: BMJ (1946)

Fatal Aortic-Oesophageal Fistula from a Swallowed Piece of BoneThe following case of aortic-oesophageal fistula arising from perforation of the oesophagus and aorta by a piece of bone may be of interest owing to the rarity of the condition. CASE HISTORYA young Somali adult was admitted to a casualty clearing station for treatment of a small tropical ulcer.The ulcer was given iocal treatment; the patient had no other complaints.At about 5 p.m. on Oct. 7 he had a normal nmeal of meat and vegetables.At mid- night he complained of nausea and a slight deep-substernal discom- fort, and a short time later brought up about a cupful of biood- stained vomit.At about 5 a.m. the next day he suddenly vomited 5 oz.(140 c.cm.) of bright-red blood containing several clots, in Which was found a flat piece of bone.Apart from a slight rise in pulse his general condition was good and there seemed no cause for alarm.The piece of vomited bone had the appearance of a cortical portion of some long bone.It was flat and polygonal in shape, *nd measured 3 cm. in its greatest length and 1.5 cm. in its greatest breadth.The edges and corners were sharp, and one of the long edges was serrated like a saw.A diagnosis of laceration of the
Medical cost of curing childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: K. Wheeler, A. D Leiper, L. Jannoun, J. M Chessells
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Between 1970 and 1979 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia was diagnosed in 378 children at this hospital. The outcome for the 181 survivors was examined six or more years after diagnosis to assess morbidity in an unselected group of long term survivors. One hundred and thirty seven of the survivors were in first remission and probably cured (group I). Forty four (group II) had had one or more relapses, some of whom, who had isolated extramedullary relapses, also have a good chance of cure. In group I 136 patients had prophylactic cranial or craniospinal irradiation, while patients in group II, in addition to having that treatment, received local testicular (17) or craniospinal radiation (seven) for testicular or central nervous system relapse. Eight had additional prophylactic cranial radiotherapy after bone marrow relapse, and six had total body irradiation before bone marrow transplantation. The incidence of clinically important growth and endocrine morbidity was 20% in group I and 68% in group II. The morbidity in patients in group I was mainly attributable to early pubertal maturation. In group II 30 patients had growth failure, of whom 19 had gonadal failure from testicular or total body irradiation, 14 had growth hormone deficiency after doses of cranial irradiation of over 2400 cGy, and 10 had spinal growth impairment after craniospinal irradiation. Two also had early pubertal maturation. Five out of six patients who received total body irradiation had multiple endocrine deficiency. Neuropsychological sequelae of treatment were seen in 40 (42%) of 96 schoolchildren in group I and in 12 (38%) of 32 schoolchildren in group II. Postinfective sequelae of treatment were found in patients in both groups. These results show that the survivors who were in their first remission had a 42% residual morbidity related to treatment compared with an 82% morbidity in the survivors of one or more relapses who had multiple treatments.
CT Screening for Lung Cancer
Authors: William C. Black, John A. Baron
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ARMS2 Increases the Risk of Early and Late Age-related Macular Degeneration in the European Eye Study
Authors: Usha Chakravarthy, Gareth J. McKay, Paulus T.V.M. de Jong, Mati Rahu, Johan Seland, Gisele Soubrane, Laura Tomazzoli, Fotis Topouzis, Johannes R. Vingerling, Jesus Vioque, Ian S. Young, Reecha Sofat, Aroon D. Hingorani, Astrid E. Fletcher
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
Regulation of doctors and the Bristol inquiry
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Objective</h3> To identify the position of formal service providers in the networks of those providing end-of-life care in the home from the perspective of the informal network. <h3>Methods</h3> Using third-generation social network analysis, this study examined the nature and strength of relationships of informal caring networks with formal service providers through individual carer interviews, focus groups of caring networks and outer network interviews. <h3>Results</h3> Service providers were usually highly valued for providing services, equipment, pain management and personalised care for the dying person plus support and advice to the principal carer about both caring tasks and negotiating the health system. However, formal service providers were positioned as marginal in the caring network. Analysis of the relative density of relationships within networks showed that whereas relationships among family and friends had similar density, relationships between service providers and family or friends were significantly lower. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The results supported the Circles of Care model and mirror the perspective of formal service providers identified in previous research. The research raises questions about how formal and informal networks might be better integrated to increase their effectiveness for supporting in-home care.
Managed Care Plan Performance Since 1980
Authors: Robert H. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To compare the health care utilization, expenditure, quality of care, and satisfaction since 1980 of enrollees in managed care and indemnity plans.Studies selected met the following criteria: data from 1980 forward, private insurance or Medicare enrollees, a comparison group, a reasonable attempt at statistical adjustment for noncomparable managed care and indemnity plan enrollees, and peer-reviewed findings (with two exceptions). Few studies on preferred provider organization plan performance met the selection criteria.Compared with indemnity plans, health maintenance organization plans had somewhat lower hospital admission rates, 1% to 20% shorter hospital length of stay, the same or more physician office visits per enrollee, less use of expensive procedures and tests, greater use of preventive services, mixed results on outcomes, and somewhat lower enrollee satisfaction with services but higher satisfaction with costs. The evidence does not support the hypothesis that prepaid group practice or staff model health maintenance organizations are more effective than individual practice association or network model health maintenance organizations.Although this literature analysis found several clear patterns of results, several factors, including unmeasured selection bias, diverse and rapidly changing health plans and local market conditions, and relatively few research results, suggest that generalizations must be made with caution.
Indigo carmine chromoendoscopic appearances of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma during double-balloon endoscopy in a patient with celiac disease
Authors: M. Hadithi, H. Akol, A. Al-Toma, M. Jacobs, C. Mulder
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Patients with celiac disease have a 28-fold increased risk of developing enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma compared with the general population [1]. Early diagnosis is therefore required to improve their prospects. Indigo carmine chromoendoscopy highlights mucosal irregularities and improves the detection of malignant lesions [2]. Furthermore, it can delineate villous atrophy in celiac disease [3]. This method is commonly used in upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy but this is not yet the case in small-intestinal endoscopy. In this report we describe the chromoendoscopic appearances of jejunal enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, before and after indigo carmine spraying, in a patient who was undergoing a double-balloon endoscopy procedure.
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Before Liver Resection for Patients With Unresectable Liver Metastases From Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Gregory D. Leonard, Baruch Brenner, Nancy E. Kemeny
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

Colorectal carcinoma is one of the most common cancers in the world, and more than 50% of these patients develop liver metastases. Despite recent advances, systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease without the use of surgery is considered palliative, as there are rarely long-term survivors. However, patients who are candidates for surgical resection of their liver metastases can have a prolonged survival or possibly a cure. Consensus guidelines on criteria for resection and prognostic scores help facilitate patient selection, yet only 25% of patients with liver metastases are considered to have resectable metastases. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been explored in an attempt to render more patients candidates for resection. First reports using neoadjuvant systemic chemotherapy in patients with unresectable disease found that 13% to 16% of patients could be rendered resectable. Efforts to increase response rates using hepatic arterial infusion or biologic agents may increase resection rates. This review summarizes the current data on neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the rationale for this approach, potential complications, and future prospects.
The Enzyme Cyp26b1 Mediates Inhibition of Mast Cell Activation by Fibroblasts to Maintain Skin-Barrier Homeostasis
Authors: Yosuke Kurashima, Takeaki Amiya, Kumiko Fujisawa, Naoko Shibata, Yuji Suzuki, Yuta Kogure, Eri Hashimoto, Atsushi Otsuka, Kenji Kabashima, Shintaro Sato, Takeshi Sato, Masato Kubo, Shizuo Akira, Kensuke Miyake, Jun Kunisawa, Hiroshi Kiyono
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Intensive combination drug therapy of familial hypercholesterolemia with lovastatin, probucol, and colestipol hydrochloride.
Authors: J L Witztum, D Simmons, D Steinberg, W F Beltz, R Weinreb, S G Young, P Lester, N Kelly, J Juliano
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) have had a life-long sustained elevation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels. Consequently, there is a need to maximally lower their elevated levels, and this usually requires lowering LDL levels more than 50%. Because no single hypolipidemic drug will consistently produce such degrees of lowering, combination drug therapy with two or even three agents is required to produce the desired degree of cholesterol lowering. A prospective trial was designed to determine if combination therapy using three hypolipidemic agents could effectively lower LDL levels in 17 severely affected FH subjects. Colestipol hydrochloride (10 g b.i.d.), probucol (500 mg b.i.d.), and lovastatin (20 or 40 mg b.i.d.) were given to each patient, in varying combinations, over a 25-month period. Lovastatin (40 mg/day) uniformly lowered LDL levels 36%. Probucol lowered LDL only 14% and in a variable manner. The combination of lovastatin and probucol lowered LDL no better than lovastatin alone. Lovastatin plus colestipol lowered LDL 52%; probucol added as a third agent produced no further lowering. Lovastatin (80 mg/day) plus colestipol lowered LDL 56%. Lovastatin increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels 6%, whereas probucol decreased HDL 29%. In all patients there was an effective lowering of LDL levels, ranging from 40% to 70%. Thus, lovastatin plus colestipol is an effective hypolipidemic regimen for producing marked decreases in LDL levels in FH subjects. The addition of probucol as a third hypolipidemic agent adds little to the therapeutic regimen as measured by lowering of LDL levels.
Incidence of familial dermatitis herpetiformis
Authors: T. REUNALA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) and coeliac disease (CD) are gluten-sensitive diseases which have a common immunogenetic background, with the histocompatibility locus antigen (HLA) alleles DQ A1*0501 and B1*0201 in the short arm of chromosome 6. CD is well known to cluster in families whereas DH has not been generally regarded as a familial disease. To study the familial incidence of DH, a prospective study was started in 1969 at the Department of Dermatology of Helsinki University Hospital and in 1976 at the Department of Dermatology of Tampere University Hospital. A total of 1018 patients with DH were diagnosed and questioned for positive family histories. Of the 999 unrelated DH patients, 105 (10.5%) had one or several affected first-degree relatives. The disease in the relatives was either DH (4.4%) or CD (6.1%). Analysis of the 105 families showed that 13.6% of parents, 18.7% of siblings and 14.0% of children were affected, a segregation pattern which fits well to a dominant mode of Mendelian inheritance. Gender may also be important because the first-degree relatives affected with DH were more often females and those affected with CD twice as often females as males. In contrast, there were more males among the 105 propositi with DH and also among the 894 DH patients with no affected relatives. The present study clearly shows that DH is a familial disease in which the first-degree relatives can be affected both with DH and CD, presumably because of a common genetic background. The environmental factors which could cause the rather high penetrance of DH and CD in the first-degree relatives of DH patients remain unknown.
Note on the Application of the Antiseptic Method of Dressing to Cranio-Cerebral Surgery
Authors: G. F. Yeo
Journal: BMJ (1881)

The round cell-masses formed by the coalescence of the intralobular growths, or by the new extralobular formations, usually showed little tendency to invade the surrounding tissue.They were often represented in sections by rounded holes, entirely or partly empty of epithelium.
Immunoglobulin phagocytosis by granulocytes from sera and synovial fluids in various rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid diseases.
Authors: A Cats, G J Lafeber, F Klein
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

(1) The phagocytosis of human IgG, IgM, and C3 by granulocytes from various rheumatoid and nonrheumatoid sera and synovial fluids (SF) was investigated by direct examination of the patient's leucocytes and indirect testing by incubation of normal donor leucocytes with various sera and SF. (2) In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) phagocytosis of IgM, IgG, and C3 was common from sera and SF. There was a strong correlation of IgM and C3 phagocytosis with the occurence of rheumatoid factor. The phagocytosed IgM is probably rheumatoid factor. In SF both the direct and indirect test method yielded equally positive results; in serum the direct test was negative throughout. (3) In systemic lupus erythematosus there was phagocytosis of IgG, IgM and C3 from serum (indirect test), IgM not being correlated with the latex-fixation test and probably of antinuclear antibody nature. Phagocytosis decreased after treatment of the disease. Sera from many other rheumatic disease frequently gave weak IgG phagocytosis, but rarely did IgM or C3. (4) IgG, and sometimes C3, was frequently taken up from IgG myeloma sera (indirect test). IgM and IgG were taken up from Waldenström's macroglobulinaemia sera, independent of IgM concentration. It is possible that an aggregation tendancy of particular paraproteins determines Ig uptake from these sera. (5) IgG was taken up from half of the studied sera of infectious diseases in the indirect test, including two cases with Hodgkin's disease as well. Three sera from patients with untreated trypanosomiasis were positive for IgG as well as for IgM. (6) Normal healthy control sera remained negative, even after prolonged preservation or frequent freezing and thawing: only among very old sera were a few positive observations recorded. Immunoglobulin phagocytosis appears to be a common phenomenon in a number of conditions. It seems probable that soluble immune complexes, or in other cases nonimmune aggregates, may cause phagocytosis.
Heart failure severity, as determined by loop diuretic dosages, predicts the risk of developing diabetes after myocardial infarction: a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Charlotte Andersson, Mette L. Norgaard, Peter R. Hansen, Emil L. Fosbøl, Michelle Schmiegelow, Peter Weeke, Jonas B. Olesen, Jakob Raunsø, Casper H. Jørgensen, Allan Vaag, Lars Køber, Christian Torp‐Pedersen, Gunnar H. Gislason
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)