tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correlation of ECG-gated 320-row multidetector computed tomography measurement of pulmonary arterial distensibility with hemodynamic factors in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Hajime Kasai, Toshihiko Sugiura, Tanabe Nobuhiro, Misuzu Yahaba, Yoriko Sakurai, Ayako Shigeta, Naoko Kawata, Seiichiro Sakao, Yasunori Kasahara, Kouichiro Tatsumi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Purpose: We aimed to study correlation of pulmonary arterial distensibility on ECG-gated 320-row multidetector computed tomography(MDCT) with hemodynamic factors in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension(CTEPH).  Materials and Methods: 52 subjects(16 male, 60±12 yrs) with CTEPH underwent ECG-gated 320-row MDCT and RHC. We measured the maximum and the minimum of the cross sectional area(CSA) of main pulmonary artery(MPA), right pulmonary artery (RPA) and left artery(LPA) during one heartbeat. We calculated each distensibility as dividing the remainder between maximum CSA and the minimum CSA by the minimum CSA at percentage. The correlation of each pulmonary arterial distensibility and hemodynamic data obtained by RHC were evaluated.  Results: MPA distensibility, RPA distensibility and LPA distensibility were 16.4±7.2%, 14.4±7.7% and 10.2±5.2%, respectively. Mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure(sPAP), diastolic pulmonary arterial pressure (dPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance(PVR) were 42±11mmHg, 75±20mmHg, 22±8mmHg and 702±278dyne•sec•cm-5, respectively. The correlation coefficients of MPA distensibility with mPAP, sPAP, dPAP and PVR were -0.540 (P  Conclusions: Pulmonary arterial distensibility on ECG-gated 320-row MDCT correlates with mPAP, sPAP, dPAP and PVR in subjects with CTEPH.
The effect of 4-week rehabilitation on heart rate variability and QTc interval in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Eva Zupanic, Ina Zivanovic, Jurij Matija Kalisnik, Viktor Avbelj, Mitja Lainscak
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction.  Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) negatively affects the autonomic nervous system and increases risks of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. While comprehensive inpatient rehabilitation (CIR) has an established role in COPD management, there are only few studies investigating effects on heart rate variability (HRV) and QTc interval.   Aims.  We aimed to compare HRV and QTc interval in patients with COPD and healthy individuals, and to assess changes after CIR.   Methods.  20-minute electrocardiograms were used to compare HRV parameters (heart rate, NN, SDNN, RMSSD, pNN50, TP, LF, HF, LF, LF/HF) and QTc (1) between 31 patients with COPD and 31 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals and (2) between 18 patients with COPD receiving CIR and 13 age- and sex-matched patients comprising COPD control group. Electrocardiogram, St. George9s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ), 6-min walk test (6MWT), and incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT) were performed at baseline and after 4 weeks of CIR.   Results.  Compared to healthy individuals, patients with COPD had higher heart rate (p    Conclusions.  Patients with COPD have reduced HRV in comparison with healthy controls. CIR improved HRV parameters which was associated with patient perception of COPD.
Marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphocytic leukemia following therapy for Hodgkin's disease.
Authors: M Sargur, C D Buckner, F R Appelbaum, P Stewart, H J Deeg, P L Weiden, K M Sullivan, A Fefer, E D Thomas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Seven patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANL) following therapy for Hodgkin's disease (HD) were treated with cyclophosphamide (Cy) alone or combined with 10.00 to 15.75 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) and marrow transplantation. Five patients were transplanted without an attempt at prior remission induction, one patient following failure of remission induction and one patient in first remission following successful induction. Four patients died of multiorgan failure, 15 to 70 days after transplant. Three patients died of progressive or recurrent leukemia 56, 120, and 280 days after transplant. These results illustrate the difficulty of treating patients for secondary leukemia with marrow transplantation and suggest that transplantation in the preleukemic phase should be studied.
Cognitive-Behavior Therapy for Children and Adolescentsedited by SzigethyEva, M.D., Ph.D., WeiszJohn R., Ph.D., A.B.P.P., and FindlingRobert L., M.D., M.B.A. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2012, 580 pp., $75.00 (paper).
Authors: Betsy D. Kennard
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2014)
Effects of Cytotoxic Chemotherapy on Dental Development
Authors: R I Macleod, R R Welbury, J V Soames
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1987)

A histological study of 21 teeth from 9 patients who had received cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignant disease showed increased prominence of incremental lines in the dentine. The number and distribution of these lines corresponded to periods of intravenous therapy and vincristine appeared to be the most likely cause. This effect was probably due to temporary disturbance of microtubular function in the odontoblasts resulting in decreased secretion of collagenous dentine matrix. Calcification appeared to be unaffected.
Prediction of high- and low-risk multiple myeloma based on gene expression and the International Staging System
Authors: Rowan Kuiper, Mark van Duin, Martin H. van Vliet, Annemiek Broijl, Bronno van der Holt, Laila el Jarari, Erik H. van Beers, George Mulligan, Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Walter M. Gregory, Gareth Morgan, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Henk M. Lokhorst, Pieter Sonneveld
Journal: Blood (2015)
Catheter ablation of atrioatrial conduction as a cure for atrial arrhythmia after orthotopic heart transplantation11Preliminary results have been published in an abstract format at the 1996 American College of Cardiology meeting in Orlando.
Authors: Nadir Saoudi, Michel Redonnet, Frederic Anselme, Hervé Poty, Alain Cribier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Phase II trial of liposomal daunorubicin in the treatment of AIDS-related pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma.
Authors: A Tulpule, R C Yung, J Wernz, B M Espina, A Myers, D T Scadden, S Cabriales, M Ilaw, W Boswell, P S Gill
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most common tumor in patients with AIDS and can be fatal in patients with lung involvement. Systemic chemotherapy is the most effective treatment for pulmonary KS. We thus conducted this study to determine the efficacy of liposomal daunorubicin in the treatment of patients with pulmonary KS. METHODS Patients with biopsy-proven, symptomatic pulmonary KS were accrued. Liposomal daunorubicin was given at a dose of 60 mg/m2 intravenously every 2 weeks. Response was monitored by chest radiographs, pulmonary function tests, arterial blood gases, and grading of pulmonary symptoms. RESULTS Fifty-three male patients were accrued. The median CD4+ lymphocyte count was 13/microL (range, 0 to 200); 70% reported a prior AIDS-defining opportunistic infection. All patients were symptomatic, with cough reported in all patients, shortness of breath in 94%, and hemoptysis in 55%. The mean study entry diffusing capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO) was 58.5% (percent of predicted). The median dose of liposomal daunorubicin delivered was 360 mg/m2 (range, 60 to 1,380). More than 75% of patients had complete or partial resolution of baseline pulmonary symptoms. Complete or partial improvement in DLCO was observed in 22%; complete or partial resolution of radiographic abnormalities was reported in 32%. The most common treatment-related toxicity was neutropenia, which occurred in 85%. There were no instances of cardiac toxicity observed, even at high cumulative doses. CONCLUSION Liposomal daunorubicin at 60 mg/m2 is safe and active in patients with pulmonary KS. Trials combining liposomal daunorubicin with other active agents in KS should be considered.
What clinical information do doctors need?
Authors: T. Kennedy, S Magennis, C. Harris, K. W Moody, G. Brooks, A. Nobili, G. Macario, G. Frewini, A V E Rossetti, V. O Acik, D. C Slawson, A. F Shaughnessy, B. M Doran, A. Verhoeven
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Malignant cerebral glioma Modern radiotherapy can give good quality survival for six monthsEditor-We wish to correct misinformation reported by Elizabeth Davies and colleagues in their study of survival after radiotherapy for malignant cerebral glioma. 1 Contrary to their suggestion in the acknowledgements, the study had not been supported by the Medical Research Council Brain Tumour Working Party.As the poor study design indicates, the study had never been officially submitted to the Medical Research Council and had therefore not been subjected to its rigorous protocol review process.For example, Davies and colleagues report that their criteria for assessment of treatment toxicity were derived in a "pragmatic fashion after discussion" by a "process of elimination," without evidence from imaging to exclude tumour progression.This would be totally unacceptable, let alone publishable.The impression that the 105 patients represent an unselected consecutive series is difficult to believe as the seven centres should, over two years, have seen 400-800 eligible patients. 2 The reported adverse prognostic factors in patients with high grade glioma have been known for over 18 years. 3Although the authors appropriately conclude that severely disabled patients have a poor prognosis and may not be suitable for active treatment, the fact that they were considered for intensive treatment at all is surprising.Centres specialised in the treatment of patients with brain tumours would not have accepted patients with such a poor prognosis for high dose radiotherapy.Most of the patients also seemed to receive initial whole brain radiotherapy followed by a radiation boost to the tumour.Whole brain radiotherapy is nothing but toxic and has not been practised in specialist centres for many years.Given the use of outdated and often inappropriate high dose, wide field radiotherapy and the flawed assessment of morbidity from treatment, the conclusion that radiation is of little value and simply results in adverse effects seems ill advised.High grade gliomas are among the most devastating of malignancies, with few useful treatment options.Modern radiotherapy, although not curative, offers a survival benefit of about six months, 3 and for most patients without functional impairment the quality of survival is good.Without com-parative data on the quality of life, how can we decide whether prolongation of survival by six months with clinical deterioration in a small proportion of patients is worse than the alternative of progressive functional decline, which happens in all patients without treatment?Yes, we do need more effective treatments without morbidity, but to throw out a proved treatment on the basis of misinformation is a travesty to evidence based medicine, to which the BMJ claims allegiance.
German-Austrian-Swiss Consensus Conference on clinical practice in chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD): guidance for supportive therapy of chronic cutaneous and musculoskeletal GVHD
Authors: C. Marks, M. Stadler, P. Häusermann, D. Wolff, S. Buchholz, G. Stary, S. Lee, A. Lawitschka, H. Bertz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Supportive therapy plays a central role in the management of cutaneous and musculoskeletal manifestations of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), either alone or in combination with systemic approaches. We present results from the German-Austrian-Swiss Consensus Conference on clinical practice in cGVHD, held in Regensburg, Germany, in November 2009. The intention was to achieve a consensus on current evidence-based treatment options as well as to provide guidelines for daily clinical practice. Skin is the most common organ involved in cGVHD. Its clinical presentation varies considerably. Patients may have pruritus, rash, pain, dyspigmentation and fibrotic or sclerodermatous lesions, often leading to contractures. Treatment options for supportive therapy in cutaneous cGVHD include topical therapies such as topical steroids and topical calcineurin inhibitors, as well as phototherapy and physiotherapy. The most relevant manifestation in musculoskeletal cGVHD is fasciitis which must be distinguished from sclerodermatous skin cGVHD. Physiotherapy is the mainstay of supportive treatment in fasciitis in cGVHD. Successful therapy of cutaneous and musculoskeletal cGVHD depends on interdisciplinary management to improve patients' quality of life.
Familial ‘Hashitoxic’ Periodic Paralysis
Authors: Alexander K C Leung
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Four members of a Chinese family who had thyrotoxicosis and periodic paralysis are described. Two of these patients had ‘hashitoxicosis’ (Graves' disease and Hashimoto's thyroiditis) as evidenced by the presence of thyroid antibodies in addition to elevated thyroxine (T4) levels. The other two patients were not available for testing. The association of the familial occurrence of ‘hashitoxicosis’ and periodic paralysis does not appear to have been reported previously.
Healing and Medicine in the Aegean Bronze Age
Authors: Robert Arnott
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Since the discovery of the Minoan and Mycenaean civilizations of Crete and Greek mainland, a systematic understanding has been gained of their material culture and social structures. Nevertheless, because of the absence of textual and pictorial evidence of medicine of the kind which exists in the contemporary societies of Egypt and the Near East, little work has been produced on the subject of disease and the practice of medicine in the period. However, new pathological evidence throws much light on this hitherto largely unknown aspect of their civilization.
One of the two common mutations causing factor XI deficiency in Ashkenazi Jews (type II) is also prevalent in Iraqi Jews, who represent the ancient gene pool of Jews [see comments]
Authors: O Shpilberg, H Peretz, A Zivelin, R Yatuv, A Chetrit, T Kulka, C Stern, E Weiss, U Seligsohn
Journal: Blood (1995)
OC-047 Colonic expression profiles of genes identified by genome wide association scan in ulcerative colitis
Authors: C L Noble, A R Abbas, C W Lees, L Diehl, J Satsangi
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Genome wide expression analysis using microarray allows a comprehensive picture of gene expression at the tissue and cellular level. The aim of this study was to investigate the differential expression of 26 genes recently identified by Barrett <i>et al</i> as being associated with ulcerative colitis (UC).1 <h3>Methods</h3> 67 Ulcerative colitis patients (UC) and 31 controls (HC) were studied. 129 UC and 73 HC paired endoscopic biopsies were taken from specific anatomical locations for RNA extraction and histology assessment. Expression signatures were investigated using 39 probes representing the 26 genes using the Agilent microarray platform. <h3>Results</h3> When all the UC biopsies were compared to controls MST1 was the most dysregulated gene- fold change (FC) −1.64, p &lt;0.00001 in the UC biopsies. HERC2 was also downregulated in the UC biopsies (FC −1.2, p &lt;0.00001) as was CCNY (FC −1.2, p=0.0001). TNFRSF6B was significantly upregulated (FC +1.2, p=0.005). When inflamed and non-inflamed descending and sigmoid colon UC biopsies were compared TNFRSF6B was upregulated (FC +2.98, p &lt;0.00001) as was MHC (FC +1.88, p=0.027), the novel susceptibility genes LAMB1 (FC +1.23, p=0.0058), HNF4A (FC +1.23, p=0.024) and ARPC2 (FC +1.20, p=0.01). MST1 (FC −1.76, p=0.015) and CCNY (FC −1.42, p=0.001) were downregulated in the inflamed UC biopsies. HERC2 was the only significantly dysregulated gene when non-inflamed UC and control biopsies were compared (FC −1.20, p=0.0028) and was downregulated in UC. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Disease and inflammation dependent expression changes were observed in a number of the UC genome wide expression scan susceptibility genes further implicating them in the pathogenesis of UC.
Double-blind study of adjuvant buspirone for fluoxetine-treated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: T A Grady, T A Pigott, F L'Heureux, J L Hill, S E Bernstein, D L Murphy
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

In a double-blind, crossover study, 13 fluoxetine-treated patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder were given adjuvant buspirone and placebo for 4 weeks each. There were no significant differences between buspirone and placebo in obsessive-compulsive, depressive, or anxiety symptoms.
A case of double aortic arch suggested by the analysis of the flow-volume curve
Authors: Cecilia Calabrese, Valentina Di Spirito, Carmine Guarino, Giovanni Rossi, Nadia Corcione, Livia De Pietro, Serafino Antonio Marsico
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

A twenty-one year old female with a history of recurrent pneumonia and airway infections since infancy, chronic cough, gastroesophageal reflux symptoms, and persistent allergic rhinitis was referred to our asthmatic centre. She exhibited a normal sweat test, skin prick test positive to common allergens, and gastroscopy showing hiatal hernia and reflux esophagitis. We performed spirometry for the first time. The flow-volume curve showed a plateau of forced expiratory flow suggesting a variable intrathoracic airway obstruction. We then carried out bronchoscopy that showed a compression of the distal trachea. A computed tomography angiogram revealed a vascular ring consisting of a double aortic arch with right-arch dominance compressing the trachea and esophagus. Echocardiography confirmed the presence of the vascular ring. The patient has been referred for surgery. This report underscores the importance of spirometry and the analysis of the flow-volume curve morphology in the evaluation of patients with respiratory symptoms.
Heat stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Is there a vulnerable phenotype for climate associated exacerbations?
Authors: Marc Hanisch, Jana-Bahati Heinsohn, Melissa Jehn, Uta Liebers, Dieter Scherer, Wulf Pankow, Alfred Holzgreve, Christian Witt
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  This investigation evaluates summer temperatures, air quality and COPD related hospital admissions in the mid-latitude metropolitan Berlin, Germany. The aim is to identify a COPD Phenotype vulnerable to heat stress induced exacerbations.  Methods  The number of COPD related hospital admissions including clinical data was obtained from two large urban hospitals in Berlin, the Charite university hospital and Vivantes hospital between May 15th and August 31st, 2012. Data was superimposed onto environmental data, including air temperature, PM10 and ozone (O3) levels. Clinical similarities of patients at risk for heat stress induced exacerbations were evaluated.  Results  In this time N = 335 patients (GOLD II – IV) were admitted to the emergency room (ER) for COPD exacerbation with a mean age of 69.7 ± 10.3, 53.4% male. The highest temperature recording in Berlin during this time measured Tmax=35.4 °C with the greatest number of COPD exacerbations admitted to the ER after a lag period of two days (5-7 patients per day, a total of 73 patients on 13 days). A similar correlation was found between ER admissions and air pollutants (ozonemax=158µg/m² and PM10max=40µg/m²). Patient phenotype was age > 71 y, BMI ≥ 25kg/m², GOLD III, FEV1  2.5.  Discussion  Climate change increases COPD exacerbations in mid latitude metropolitan cities such as Berlin. The dynamics between heat stress and air pollutants are significantly associations with COPD exacerbation, with the highest ER admissions after a lag time of two days following heat stress.
The effectiveness of lateral position during flexible bronchoscopy
Authors: Jaehyung Lee, Byounghoon Lee, Sang-Hoon Kim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction  Flexible bronchoscopy is usually performed with supine or semi-recumbent position. However, which of patient posture is effective is not clear. Supine position during bronchoscopy can cause massive aspirates of oral secretion. It can cause complications like hypoxia and post bronchoscopy pneumonia. Patient in lateral position can flow out oral secretion naturally.  Aims and objectives  This study is designed to investigate differences between supine and lateral position in amount of oral secretion aspirates and incidences of post-bronchoscopy complications.  Methods:  Seventy-four patients requiring diagnostic bronchoscopy were randomized into two groups. Patient demographics, amount of oral secretion aspirates, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, SpO2, post-bronchoscopy complications (like hypoxia, pneumonia etc.) were recorded.  Results  38 patients had bronchoscopy in supine position, 36 in lateral position. The amount of oral secretion aspirates is larger in supine position (12.3 ml Vs 7.2 ml, pl0.001). The incidences of post-bronchoscpy pneumonia (0% Vs 0%), hypoxia (15.7% Vs 13.9%, p=0.818) are not different in two groups.  Conclusions  Lateral position during bronchoscopy can reduce the amount of oral secretion aspirates.
Abstract 18406: Are Medical Emergency Team Call Event Rates to the Radiology Department Greater Than to the General Hospital Wards?
Authors: Lora Ott, Michael Pinsky, Leslie Hoffman, Dianxu Ren, Sean Clarke, Sunday Clark, Marilyn Hravnak
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective : To establish if hospital in-patients are at greater risk for requiring Medical Emergency Team (MET) assistance while in the Radiology Department, we determined the event rates of MET calls to the Radiology department (MET-RD) and the general hospital wards (MET-W). Design/Participants : Retrospective review of in-patients experiencing a MET call in 2009. Setting : Tertiary care hospital with a well-established MET system admitting 32,000 patients and performing 160,000 in-patient Radiology (RD) procedures per year. Measurements : The number of MET-RD was adjusted for length of stay (LOS) to determine the number of MET-RD/hour/1000 RD admissions. The number of MET-W was adjusted for LOS to determine the number of MET-W/hour/1000 hospital admissions. Main Results : The MET-RD event rate was slightly higher than MET-W (0.42 v. 0.31 events/hour/1000 hospital admissions) but not statistically different (p=0.73). The overall average LOS in the RD (LOS-RD) was 58 min. General x-ray (XR) comprised 63% of RD admissions but only 11% of MET-RD (LOS 40 min, XR event rate 0.09). Event rates and LOS in the radiology specialty modality areas revealed that 38% of MET-RDs occurred in computed tomography (CT) (average CT LOS 47 min) and an event rate (0.94) over twice the RD average. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represented only 5% of the RD admissions but had 27% of MET-RD (average MRI LOS-RD 90 minutes) and an event rate (1.43) that was 3.5 times higher than the RD average. The longest LOS-RD was in Nuclear medicine (NM; 111 minutes) and represented only 1% of RD admissions but 5% of MET-RD, with an NM event rate (1.34) that was 3.2 times higher than the RD average. Analysis of event rates for the combined RD specialty modalities (minus XR) revealed an average RD specialty modality event rate that was significantly higher when compared to MET-W (0.76 v. 0.31, p=.007). Conclusions : Although overall MET-RD event rates were similar to MET-W, they were unevenly distributed across patients receiving CT, MRI and NM studies. The combined event rate in the RD specialty modalities suggest increased MET risk for patients in these areas, which may have implications for RD surveillance practices.