tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3486: Interaction of flaxseed oil with trastuzumab in HER2 overexpressing human breast tumors (BT-474)
Authors: Julie K. Mason, Jianmin Chen, Lilian U. Thompson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab (TRAS) is a first line therapy for breast tumors that overexpress the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) but tumors develop resistance within one year of treatment. Flaxseed oil (FO) rich in n-3 fatty acid alpha linolenic acid (ALA) has been shown to reduce HER2 expression and signalling in estrogen receptor positive human breast tumors. Our objective was to determine whether combining dietary FO with TRAS treatment will enhance TRAS effectiveness in reducing tumor growth. METHODS: Ovariectomized mice with established HER2 overxpressing tumors (BT-474) and estrogen pellet implant were fed the basal diet (BD) (control) or treated with TRAS (1 or 2.5mg/kg body weight) and fed either the BD or BD supplemented with 4% FO for 4 weeks. Palpable tumor area was measured weekly. After animal sacrifice, excised tumors were analyzed using immunohistochemistry for cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptosis and using Western blot analysis for HER2, MAPK and Akt. RESULTS: Tumors in the control, TRAS1, TRAS2.5, and TRAS1+FO, had palpable tumor areas that significantly increased (p&amp;lt;0.05) by 164%, 104%, 60% and 107%, respectively at the end of the study compared to week 0 while tumors in the FO+TRAS2.5 group did not significantly increase in size. FO+TRAS2.5 treated tumors also had significantly lower (p&amp;lt;0.05) palpable tumor area compared to the TRAS2.5 and other treated tumors at week 4. There was no difference in palpable tumor area between TRAS1 and FO+TRAS1 treated tumors. FO+TRAS2.5 caused a 39% greater increase in apoptosis (p&amp;lt;0.05) and a 61% greater reduction in cell proliferation (p&amp;lt;0.05) compared to TRAS2.5 treatment alone. Western blots support these results and indicate enhanced reductions in HER2, MAPK and Akt expression when TRAS2.5 treatment was combined with dietary FO. CONCLUSIONS: ALA-rich FO enhanced the effectiveness of TRAS at 2.5mg/kg in reducing tumor growth and the mechanisms may involve reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis through modulation of HER2 signalling pathways. This is significant as it could lead to a simple, inexpensive complementary treatment for HER2+ patients being treated with TRAS. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3486.
A permanent transvenous lead system for an implantable pacemaker cardioverter-defibrillator. Nonthoracotomy approach to implantation.
Authors: R Yee, G J Klein, J W Leitch, G M Guiraudon, C M Guiraudon, D L Jones, C Norris
Journal: Circulation (1992)

A transvenous lead system for implantable defibrillators would obviate a surgical thoracotomy and reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with implantation. We evaluated the clinical performance of a new nonthoracotomy lead system that included a defibrillation lead in the coronary sinus. At the time of defibrillator implantation, transvenous defibrillation leads were inserted percutaneously through the left subclavian vein into the right ventricular apex (RVA), superior vena cava (SVC), and distal coronary sinus (CS) under fluoroscopic guidance. A subcutaneous patch electrode (SQ) was also available if required. The first single- or dual-pathway electrode configuration that successfully terminated three of four ventricular fibrillation episodes using 18 J or less was implanted. Eleven men and three women aged 39-77 years (60.0 +/- 10.1 years) with left ventricular ejection fraction ranging from 16% to 63% (33.4 +/- 13.1%) were evaluated. Nine presented with ventricular tachycardia, three had ventricular fibrillation, and two had both. A totally transvenous lead system (RVA/CS/SVC) was implanted in seven patients (50%) with a mean defibrillation threshold of 15.6 +/- 2.9 J (10-18 J). Four patients received a partial transvenous lead system (RVA/CS/SQ). An effective nonthoracotomy lead system was not found in three patients; they received epicardial electrodes. After cumulative follow-up of 73 patient-months, nine patients remain alive and free of problems related to the implanted nonthoracotomy leads. One patient died of respiratory failure 3 months after defibrillator implant, and the leads from another patient were removed at 9 months because of bacterial infection. A transvenous lead system that includes a defibrillation lead in the coronary sinus is a safe, reliable, and, at least in the short term, effective nonthoracotomy approach for automatic defibrillator implantation.
Reviews and Notes: History of Medicine: Taking Care: The Legacy of Soma Weiss, Eugene Stead, and Paul Beeson
Authors: J. Worth Estes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 February 1996Reviews and Notes: History of Medicine: Taking Care: The Legacy of Soma Weiss, Eugene Stead, and Paul BeesonJ. Worth Estes, MDJ. Worth Estes, MDBoston University School of Medicine Boston, MA 02118Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-3-199602010-00037 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail W Hollingsworth. San Diego: Medical Education and Research Foundation; 1994. $16.00. ISBN 1-57087-038-1. Available from the publisher at PO Box 81344, San Diego, CA 92138.Only a few years ago, academic medicine in the United States was a far cry from today's fascination with molecular biology and managed care as indices of medical excellence. For roughly 60 years, beginning in the 1920s, before physicians could rely on large numbers of medicines that could truly benefit their patients, medical school professors were largely concerned with bedside research and with molding students and residents into physicians who took care of their patients ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston University School of Medicine Boston, MA 02118 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1996Volume 124, Issue 3Page: 377KeywordsAcademic medicineClinical laboratoriesDrugsHealth careHistory of medicineHospital medicineMedical educationMolecular biologyPatientsResearch laboratories ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 February 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Coding Changes and Apparent HIV/AIDS Mortality Trends in Florida, 1999
Authors: B. Grigg
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulatory functions of B cells in allergic diseases
Authors: F. Braza, J. Chesne, S. Castagnet, A. Magnan, S. Brouard
Journal: Allergy (2014)

B cells are essentially described for their capacity to produce antibodies ensuring anti-infectious immunity or deleterious responses in the case of autoimmunity or allergy. However, abundant data described their ability to restrain inflammation by diverse mechanisms. In allergy, some regulatory B-cell subsets producing IL-10 have been recently described as potent suppressive cells able to restrain inflammatory responses both in vitro and in vivo by regulatory T-cell differentiation or directly inhibiting T-cell-mediated inflammation. A specific deficit in regulatory B cells participates to more severe allergic inflammation. Induction of allergen tolerance through specific immunotherapy induces a specific expansion of these cells supporting their role in establishment of allergen tolerance. However, the regulatory functions carried out by B cells are not exclusively IL-10 dependent. Indeed, other regulatory mechanisms mediated by B cells are (i) the production of TGF-β, (ii) the promotion of T-cell apoptosis by Fas-Fas ligand or granzyme-B pathways, and (iii) their capacity to produce inhibitory IgG4 and sialylated IgG able to mediate anti-inflammatory mechanisms. This points to Bregs as interesting targets for the development of new therapies to induce allergen tolerance. In this review, we highlight advances in the study of regulatory mechanisms mediated by B cells and outline what is known about their phenotype as well as their suppressive role in allergy from studies in both mice and humans.
THE HOSPITAL ARRANGEMENTS OF A MAN-OF-WAR.
Authors: ROBERT A. BACHMANN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

There was a time when the only place devoted to the sick in a man-of-war was a small, dark, stuffy place situated on one of the lower decks, usually forward in the very bow. In a way these sick quarters were commensurate with the demands of the profession at that time. There was little antisepsis and no asepsis in surgical work, laboratory methods were confined to small limits and the dispensary was not called on for the variety of medication as at present. The importance of a well-equipped medical department on board of a man-of-war, too, was less apparent and the value of hygiene in war not known. So long did these inferior conditions exist that even now the impression prevails in many minds that on board a man-of-war little or no improvement has taken place; at least I doubt if the modern, greatly improved hospital arrangements are as well
Intracellular calcium as a second messenger for human hepatocyte growth factor in hepatocytes
Authors: Akira Kaneko, Norio Hayashi, Hirohito Tsubouchi, Yuji Tanaka, Toshifumi Ito, Yutaka Sasaki, Hideyuki Fusamoto, Yasushi Daikuhara, Takenobu Kamada
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

Human hepatocyte growth factor is a newly discovered substance that stimulates DNA synthesis in vitro. In this study, we examined intracellular Ca2+ movement as one of the second messengers for human hepatocyte growth factor in primary-cultured hepatocytes. The addition of hHGF induced Ca2+ oscillation, but the frequency of oscillations varied from cell to cell. We also saw marked intercellular heterogeneity in the initial latent period for the Ca2+ response; the mean latent period was rather longer than those seen with phenylephrine and vasopressin. This difference in the initial latent period may be due to the difference in the pathways of Ca2+ elevation. Duration of culture determined the number of human hepatocyte growth factor—responsive cells; their number peaked at 2 to 5 hours of confluent culture, whereas the peak was earlier in a low-density culture. These changes in responsiveness during culture can be explained by the cell cycle—dependent sensitivity to human hepatocyte growth factor of hepatocytes. The Ca2+ response to human hepatocyte growth factor was dose dependent; 10−10 mol/L hHGF gave the highest Ca2+ response, similar to the dose-response curve of DNA synthesis. We even observed the Ca2+ response in the Ca2+-free buffer, so the increase in Ca2+ was considered due to release from intracellular Ca2+ stores. These results suggest that human hepatocyte growth factor causes the intracellular Ca2+ elevation in the early stage of the cell cycle and that it plays important roles in the signal transduction systems for human hepatocyte growth factor and the proliferation of hepatocytes. (HEPATOLOGY 1992;15:1173–1178).
CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ARTHRITIS
Authors: C. W. Buckley
Journal: BMJ (1932)

TE IBCTTTLSthis group are well known.There is no definite evidence that they are pathogenic in the sense that the paratyphoid bacilli are pathogenic, but they are often associated with intestinal diseases." July 7th.-Polymorphs 57per cent., lymphocytes 33 per cent., monocytes 9 per cent., eosinophils 1 per cent.July 14th.-Leucocytes 2,600per c.mm.
Clinical Outcomes of Breast Cancer in Carriers of<i>BRCA1</i>and<i>BRCA2</i>Mutations
Authors: Gad Rennert, Shantih Bisland-Naggan, Ofra Barnett-Griness, Naomi Bar-Joseph, Shiyu Zhang, Hedy S. Rennert, Steven A. Narod
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Some features of breast cancer in women with a BRCA1 mutation suggest that hereditary breast cancer has a poor outcome. We conducted a national population-based study of Israeli women to determine the influence, if any, of a BRCA1 or a BRCA2 mutation on the prognosis in breast cancer.We obtained data on all incident cases of invasive breast cancer that were diagnosed from January 1, 1987, to December 31, 1988, and recorded in the Israel National Cancer Registry. We requested a paraffin-embedded tumor block or an unstained slide and the corresponding pathological and clinical records for all such cases. DNA extracted from the tumor specimens was analyzed for the three founder mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2. For each subject, available pathological and oncologic records were reviewed.We were able to retrieve a pathological sample from 1794 of 2514 subjects (71%). Among those women, we obtained medical records for 1545 (86%). A BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation was identified in 10% of the women who were of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. The adjusted hazard ratios for death from breast cancer were not significantly different among mutation carriers and noncarriers (hazard ratio among BRCA1 carriers, 0.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45 to 1.30; P=0.31; hazard ratio among BRCA2 carriers, 1.31; 95% CI, 0.80 to 2.15; P=0.28). Among women who were treated with chemotherapy, the hazard ratio for death among BRCA1 carriers was 0.48 (95% CI, 0.19 to 1.21; P=0.12).Breast cancer-specific rates of death among Israeli women are similar for carriers of a BRCA founder mutation and noncarriers.
Mild Hereditary Spherocytosis--A Family Study
Authors: M. F. Carruthers
Journal: BMJ (1960)

MEGALOBLASTIC MADNESSMBRmJ 1845 the patient's mental symptoms as being due to the " ulcer type " or that he is being " difficult" after the operation.Finally, it is emphasized that the diagnosis is difficult to establish in many cases in spite of a healthy clinical suspicion.Present-day " normal " levels of serum vitamin B12 are inadequate to cope with a wider concept of deficiency of the vitamin, but blind administration is to be deprecated unless injections are to be continued for life if the patient improves. SummaryAttention is drawn to the pre-macrocytic (? pre- megaloblastic) state, and six cases are presented to illustrate the pitfalls in diagnosis.Apart from the mental state, an abnormal E.E.G. may be the only positive finding and suggest exclusion of the diagnosis.Much larger doses of vitamin B12 are needed when treating this type of case, and care must be taken to ensure that an associated encephalopathy is not missed in a patient who presents with severe anaemia.Attribu- tion of the mental symptoms to the anaemia may result in undertreatment, with subsequent cerebral demyelina- tion as the physician's reward.It is probable that both exogenous and endogenous factors may modify the body's need and demand for vitamin B12.The role of smoking as a possible factor in the production of syndromes other than tobacco amblyopia is worth future consideration.Our present concept of normal levels of the vitamin needs constant re-scrutinization and evaluation in order that treatment may be planned on a scientific basis.
Cell-mediated cytotoxicity expressed by lymphoid cells from rats with asbestos-induced peritoneal mesothelioma towards rat fetal cell.
Authors: R H Stevens, D A Cole, H F Cheng, J A Hodge, L A Will
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1983)

Cell-mediated immunity (CMI) directed towards rat fetal cells was evaluated in Fischer F344 young inbred male rats having asbestos-induced peritoneal mesothelioma. The tumors were induced by exposure to Canadian chrysotile B fibers and the CMI delineated by the injury and destruction brought about to 6- to 10-day-old primary fetal cell cultures by the so-called educated peripheral blood lymphoid-cells (PBLC) obtained from the cancer-bearing rats. A significant cytotoxicity was found to be expressed by the PBLCs, suggesting that during the development of mesothelioma, a cellular retrodifferentiation occurs, thereby educating the effectors to recognize a common determinant existing in both the tumor and fetal cells. Educated PBLCs were produced from rats having endodermal tissue cancers (adenocarcinomas of the small bowel, colon and pancreas) and were found to also be cytotoxic to the fetal cultures, yet no injury was apparently inflicted upon cultured mesothelioma target cells by these effectors. These results suggested that the tumor education was specific and that probably a unique and different fetal component was being recognized by the effector cells obtained from the rats with lesions arising either in the mesodermal or endodermal tissue. Further support for this concept was the failure of an antibody, specific to an oncofetal protein existing in endodermal lesions, to apparently recognize any common oncogenic proteins in the mesothelioma. Preliminary studies have also been accomplished which suggests the existence of natural killing immune responses existing to the mesothelioma target cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Multicenter study of banked third-party virus-specific T cells to treat severe viral infections after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Ann M. Leen, Catherine M. Bollard, Adam M. Mendizabal, Elizabeth J. Shpall, Paul Szabolcs, Joseph H. Antin, Neena Kapoor, Sung-Yun Pai, Scott D. Rowley, Partow Kebriaei, Bimalangshu R. Dey, Bambi J. Grilley, Adrian P. Gee, Malcolm K. Brenner, Cliona M. Rooney, Helen E. Heslop
Journal: Blood (2013)
Infectious Complications With Plasmapheresis in Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Edward J. Wing
Journal: JAMA (1980)

We recently used plasmapheresis to treat eight patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. Life-threatening infections developed in five patients, three of which were caused by opportunistic pathogens. In contrast, only two infections occurred in 21 patients with similar renal disease treated with immunosuppressive drugs but not with plasmapheresis. Although infectious complications of plasmapheresis therapy have not been emphasized previously, our experience, coupled with that of previous reports, suggests that serious infections will develop in one third of patients undergoing plasmapheresis for renal disease. Plasmapheresis should be used with caution in patients with rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. (<i>JAMA</i>244:2423-2426, 1980)
Case 39-1974
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Sheldon D. Kaufman, Walter G.J. Putschar
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 66-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a question of leukemia.She was well until three months previously, when there was the onset of diarrhea and a sensation of fullness in the left side of the abdomen. During the next two and a half months x-ray studies performed elsewhere were reported to show only splenomegaly. The diarrhea subsided one week before admission. She entered another hospital, where evaluation revealed a hematologic disorder; an attempted aspiration of the bone marrow was unsuccessful. She was transferred to this hospital.She had lost 10 . . .
Discharges Against Medical Advice
Authors: John Querques, Nicholas Kontos, Oliver Freudenreich
Journal: JAMA (2014)

In their Viewpoint about discharges against medical advice, Drs Alfandre and Schumann1 asked, “Why would you discharge a patient against medical advice?” Until this question is answered, they argued, “continued use of the practice does not seem justified.” We believe the authors conflated 3 different scenarios, a clarification of which may help to answer their question.
Hospitalization and Cognitive Function in Older Adults—Reply
Authors: William J. Ehlenbach, Catherine L. Hough, Eric B. Larson
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Strategies for Long-term Success in the Treatment of HIV Infection
Authors: Joel E. Gallant
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Highly active antiretroviral therapy has revolutionized the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, which can now be viewed as a chronic and manageable disease. However, HIV infection differs from other chronic diseases in that early treatment decisions can irrevocably alter the patient's response to future therapy. Despite the large number of approved antiretroviral agents, the number of sequential treatment regimens that will be effective for an individual patient is sharply limited by cross-resistance within the 3 drug classes. Because of the complexity of antiretroviral therapy, clinicians prescribing it require considerable expertise. Treatment should be deferred until the patient has been educated about the importance of strict adherence and has demonstrated willingness and motivation to begin therapy. Drug regimens should be chosen that the patient can tolerate and adhere to, and the consequences of resistance should be considered before therapy is begun. When treatment fails, the timing and choice of subsequent therapy can be critical in determining the magnitude and durability of response. Resistance testing can help guide the clinician in the choice of therapy. In patients who have been treated with numerous antiretroviral agents, it may be impossible to achieve significant viral suppression. Therapy may still be beneficial for such patients, but it should be tolerable and should not increase resistance to drugs that may become available in the near future. Drug resistance and treatment failure are not random events, but are the result of factors over which clinicians and their patients have some control. The treatment of drug-resistant patients is challenging; the best way to deal with resistance is to prevent it.