tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association between typhoon and asthma control
Authors: Yasuhito Suzuki, Suguru Sato, Junpei Saito, Atsuro Fukuhara, Manabu Uematsu, Kenichi Misa, Takefumi Nikaido, Naoko Fukuhara, Xintao Wang, Yoshinori Tanino, Takashi Ishida, Mitsuru Munakata
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objectives:It is well-known that climate changes during a typhoon season make asthma control worse. Several hypotheses such as pollen rapture, changes in temperature and atmospheric pressure could be considered. The aim of the study is to evaluate associations between typhoon, allergic sensitization, and asthma control.  Methods:Sixty one asthmatic subjects were interviewed whether they were aware of any symptom changes during a typhoon season in Japan (between September and October). Subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of symptom changes. Then, clinical characteristics, sensitization to allergens, asthma control test (ACT), fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, WBC, Eosinophils, lung functions were compared between groups. Patients were excluded if they had hazy memories or other respiratory comorbidity other than asthma, and if their treatments were changed during the season.  Results:Three subjects were excluded because of the exclusion criteria. Seventeen of 58 patients (29%) realised their symptom changes (worsen group). Total IgE levels, cedar-specific IgE levels and the proportion of short course treatment with oral corticosteroids for exacerbation in the past one year were significantly higher in worsen group compared to subjects without symptom changes (p=0.03).  Conclusions:Pollen sensitisation could be related to one of the factors in worsening asthma symptoms during the typhoon season.
A study of immunogenetic markers associated With tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus
Authors: Meenakshi Ponnana, Ramya Sivangala, Shruthi Thada, Lavanya Joshi, Vijaya Lakshmi Valluri, Suman Latha Gaddam
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important predisposing factor for tuberculosis (TB). The rising prevalence of DM in TB-endemic areas may adversely affect TB control.Hence we hypothesized that this susceptibility to mycobacterial infection is due to a defective Th1-cytokine response. The in vitro T cell assays were investigated in New Sputum Smear Positive (NSS+) New Sputum Smear Negative(NSS-),TB with DM(TBDM),DM patients and Healthy Controls (HC) in response to the r32Kda Ag BCG. IFN-γ & IL-10 levels in culture supernatants and serum Vitamin D levels were estimated by ELISA (pg/ml). ARMS-PCR was carried out to study the SNPs.The mean proliferative responses were low in all patients vs HC (1.07±0.33; 1.2±0.59;1.15±0.5;1.16±0.57 & 1.6±0.97).The mean IFN-γlevels were significant for (NSS+ 6.74±4.14; 23.66±14.96; p
Increased Temperature of Malignant Urinary Bladder Tumors In Vivo: The Application of a New Method Based on a Catheter Technique
Authors: C. Stefanadis, C. Chrysochoou, D. Markou, K Petraki, D. B. Panagiotakos, C. Fasoulakis, A. Kyriakidis, C. Papadimitriou, P. K. Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

The aim of this study was to investigate the existence of any thermal difference between malignant tumors and inflammatory benign lesions of the human urinary bladder and to determine whether it correlates with tumor angiogenesis quantification.A new method, developed in our institute, is introduced to detect temperature in human urinary bladder, in vivo. This method is based on a thermography catheter. We calculated the differences of the temperature of the solid tumor and of a normal area (Delta T) on 20 subjects (mean age, 72.5 years; 95% confidence interval [CI], 68.5 to 76.4). According to the biopsy histology, Eight (40%) patients had benign tumors, and 12 (60%) had malignant tumors.We found significant differences of Delta T between patients with benign and malignant tumor (P <.001). Also, differences were found for the mean values of angiogenesis level between malignant and benign tumors (P =.0261), and a moderated positive correlation was estimated between the degree of angiogenesis and Delta T (P =.02). Based on logistic regression analysis, we found that a 1-degree increase of Delta T triples the odds of a patient having a malignant tumor (odds ratio = 2.91; 95% CI, 1.97 to 7.78; P <.001), adjusted for the degree of angiogenesis (P =.0236) and the grade of tumor (P <.001). A threshold point of Delta T = 0.7 degrees C was determined, with sensitivity 83% and specificity 75%.These findings suggest that the calculated difference of temperature between normal tissue and neoplastic area could be a useful criterion in the diagnosis of malignancy in tumors of the human urinary bladder.
Applications and Hazards of Intravenous Hyperalimentation
Authors: S J Dudrick, J M Long
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1977)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), emerged in China in December 2019 and quickly spread around the globe, killing more than 4 million people and causing a severe economic crisis. ...Read More
Factors associated with smoking cessation in a smoking cessation unit
Authors: Carlos Almonacid Sanchez, Ignacio Sanchez Hernandez, Jose Gallardo Carrasco, Juan Pablo Rodriguez Gallego, Elizabeth Guzman Robles, Saray Quiros Fernandez, Jesus Fernandez Frances, Jorge Castelao Naval, Jose Luis Izquierdo Alonso
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective: To assess what factors are associated with a higher rate of smoking cessation.

Material and methods: Cross-sectional study of a sample of smokers. Of a total of 1545 patients were analyzed those patients on whom information is available smoking within 6 months of follow-up. We defined 2 groups: group 1, people who do not attend all visits but answer phone calls to complete a period of 6 months of treatment; group 2, patients attending all follow-up visits.

Results: See table. The results of the quantitative variables are expressed as mean and standard deviation. The results of the qualitative variables are described as the absolute value and percentage.

![Figure][1] 



![Figure][1] 



Conclusions: Patients who attend all appointments (complete follow-up) have better results than those who do not. Age, number of previous relapses, the presence of comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, gastric ulcer and COPD, associated psychiatric disorders and the presence of smokers in their work environment are related to outcomes. On multivariate analysis, only those who have completed the full course and those who have made previous attempts to quit get a much higher percentage of abstinence.

 [1]: pending:yes
P-Glycoprotein Inhibitor Valspodar (PSC 833) Increases the Intracellular Concentrations of Daunorubicin In Vivo in Patients With P-Glycoprotein–Positive Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: U. Tidefelt, J. Liliemark, A. Gruber, E. Liliemark, B. Sundman-Engberg, G. Juliusson, L. Stenke, A. Elmhorn-Rosenborg, L. Möllgård, S. Lehman, D. Xu, A. Covelli, B. Gustavsson, C. Paul
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the cyclosporine derivative valspodar (PSC 833; Amdray, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland) on the concentration of daunorubicin (dnr) in leukemic blast cells in vivo during treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Ten patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were included. Leukemic cells from seven of the patients were P-glycoprotein (Pgp)–positive. dnr 100 mg/m 2 was given as a continuous infusion over 72 hours. After 24 hours, a loading dose of valspodar was given, followed by a 36-hour infusion of 10 mg/kg per 24 hours. Blood samples were drawn at regular intervals, and concentrations of dnr and its main metabolite, daunorubicinol, in plasma and isolated leukemic cells were determined by high-pressure liquid chromatography. RESULTS: The mean dnr concentrations in leukemic cells 24 hours after the start of infusion (before valspodar) were 18.8 μmol/L in Pgp-negative samples and 13.5 μmol/L in Pgp-positive samples. After 8 hours of valspodar infusion, these values were 25.8 and 24.0 μmol/L, respectively. The effect of valspodar was evaluated from the ratio of the area under the curve (AUC) for dnr concentration versus time in leukemic cells to the AUC for dnr concentration against time in the plasma. For the seven patients with Pgp-positive leukemia, the mean ratio increased by 52%, from 545 on day 1 to 830 on day 2 (P &lt; .05) when valspodar was given. In the three patients with Pgp-negative leukemia, no significant difference was observed. CONCLUSION: These results strongly suggest that valspodar, by interacting with Pgp, can increase the cellular uptake of dnr in leukemic blasts in vivo.
Residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer in never smoking women
Authors: María Torres Duran, Alberto Ruano Ravina, Isaura Parente Lamelas, Virginia Leiro Fernandez, José Abal Arca, Carmen Montero Martinez, Carolina Pena ALvarez, Javier Gonzalez Barcala, Olalla Castro Añon, Antonio Golpe Gomez, Cristina Martínez, Maria Jose Mejuto Martí, Alberto Fernandez Villar, Juan Miguel Barros Dios
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) is a growing health problem. The WHO estimates that 25% of lung cancer worldwide occurs in never smokers (10-15% in Western countries). LCINS is the 7th largest cause of cancer-related mortality in the world. There is a predominance of women among never smoking lung cancer patients. The most important LCINS risk factor is residential radon exposure. We designed a multicentric hospital-based case-control study to assess the relationship between lung cancer risk and residential radon exposure in never smokers in Galicia (Spain), a radon prone area. Eight hospitals took part in the study. We included 352 never smoking women (140 cases of primary lung cancer and 212 controls). All participants fulfilled the WHO definition of never smoker (<100 cigarettes in lifetime or <1cig/day during 6 moths) and all of them were interviewed by trained personnel with a standardized questionnaire. A radon detector (alpha-track) was placed for 3 months in the participant dwelling. Median age of participant women was 70.5 (interquartilic range: 63-78). Results were analyzed through logistic regression and they are expressed as OR and adjusted by age and environmental tobacco exposure.

View this table:

Residential radon exposure and risk of lung cancer





These results suggest that never smoking women exposed to residential radon concentrations above 200 Bq/m3 have a close to 3-fold higher risk of lung cancer.
Unilateral livedo reticularis after kidney graft embolization with polyvinyl alcohol microspheres
Authors: D. Martínez-Sánchez, A. Romero-Maté, K. Romero-Figueroa, J. Borbujo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Unilateral livedo reticularis after kidney graft embolization with polyvinyl alcohol microspheres Get access D. Martínez‐Sánchez, D. Martínez‐Sánchez Services of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Romero‐Maté, A. Romero‐Maté Services of Dermatology Alberto Romero‐Maté. E‐mail: aromero.hflr@salud.madrid.org Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Romero‐Figueroa, K. Romero‐Figueroa Pathology, Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Borbujo J. Borbujo Services of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 6, 1 June 2011, Pages 1400–1402, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10256.x Published: 01 June 2011
LSC 2013 abstract - Children with chronic suppurative lung disease have a Th2 polarised immune response to H. influenzae
Authors: Susan Pizzutto, Stephanie Yerkovich, Belinda Hales, Wayne Thomas, John Upham, Anne Chang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction:  Non-typeable  H. influenzae  (NTHi) is the most common bacterial pathogen associated with chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD). Limited data exists regarding the adaptive immune response to NTHi and the role it may play in the aetiology of CSLD in children.   Aim:  To determine if children with CSLD have a suboptimal adaptive immune response to NTHi.   Method:  NTHi-stimulated cytokine (IFNg, IL-13, IL-10) production from peripheral blood mononuclar cells were measured in 83 children with CSLD and 51 healthy control children (HC). Plasma antibody titres (IgG1, IgG4) to the  H. influenzae  outer membrane proteins P4 and P6 were also measured in 40 CSLD and 32 HC.   Results:  Compared to HC, children with CSLD produced significantly more IL-13 and significantly less IFNg and IL-10 in response to NTHi. There was no significant difference in P4 or P6 IgG1 between the two groups. However, children with CSLD produced significantly lower IgG4 to both P4 and P6. IL-10 was positively correlated with P4 IgG4 (p=0.022) and P6 IgG4 (p=0.003).   Conclusion:  Children with CSLD elicit a non-protective Th2 type immune response and a suboptimal IgG4 antibody response towards NTHi. Furthermore, IL-10 may be important in driving appropriate antibody responses. Studies are underway to better understand the relationship between the Th2 polarised and antibody response to NTHi in the pathogenesis of CSLD.  Table 1 Cytokine levels (ng/ml) and antibody titres (arbitrary units); median (IQR).
Diagnostic accuracy of transthoracic needle aspiration (TTNA) in the evaluation of pulmonary nodules
Authors: Carmen Manta, Massimiliano Sivori, Vanna Balestracci, Donatella Fini, Roberto Tomè, Ugo Giannoni, Ilan Rosemberg, Pier Aldo Canessa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Percutaneous transthoracic needle aspiration (TTNA) biopsy is a diagnostic procedure used in pulmonary nodules where bronchoscopy does not reach.  The aim of this study is to assess the value of TTNA in our field where the exams are performed by pneumologists.  We assessed 108 consecutive patients who had a TTNA biopsy from January 2008 and December 2010 at our ward.  All patients had previously undergone to bronchoscopy with a negative diagnostic result but with a strong clinical suspicion for malignant injury.  During CT examination diameters of lesions were measured and the point of aspiration of cytological sample was pinpointed.  The point of aspiration was in periphery or in the middle of the lesion. Cytological examinations diagnosed 70 (64.8%) malignant cases.  Among 38 non malignant cytology, 29 patients were proved false negative cases.  Sensitivity of TTNA was 71%, specificity 100%.  Sensitivity of TTNA of central samples was 76.32%, peripheral 69.81%.  We divided all patients into two groups: malignancy or benign nature of cytology.  We processed a table with measures of diameters of nodules.  64 (91%) malignant cases had a large diameter (>2cm), 6 (9%) had a small diameter ( 2cm), 3 (8%) cases had a small diameter (  Complications were controlled: 21 (19.4%) pneumothorax, 14 (13%) alveolar hemorrages, 4 (3.4%) alveolar hemorrages and pneumothorax, 2 (1.9%) emoftoe.  TTNA is an accurate and safe procedure if it is performed by pneumologist. Diagnostic performance of TTNA is not influenced by diameter and location.
Investigation of frequency of OSAS in patients with pulmonary hypertension by polysomnography
Authors: Aysel Sunnetcioglu, Bunyamin Sertogullarindan, Hulya Gunbatar, Bulent Ozbay
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim:  The aim of our study was to determine the frequency of OSAS in patients with PH by polysomnography.  Material and Methods:  Fifty-six (female/male = 35/21) patients with PH were enrolled in this study. Patients were grouped into four groups according to etiology (COPD, congestive heart failure (CHF), scleroderma, and isolated PH). Anthropometric features, tobacco consumption, pulmonary artery pressure (PAB) by echocardiography, the results of blood gas analysis, and hematocrit levels were recorded for all subjects. We performed Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) to determine excessive daytime sleepiness. All patients were assessed by polysomnography.  Results:  The frequency of OSAS was found 60.7% (34/56) in patients with PH. It was found as 54.5%, 88.9%, 50%, and 58.3 in patients with COPD, CHF, scleroderma, and isolated PH, respectively.  The frequency of OSAS in patients with snore and apnea was higher than in patients without snore and apnea. OSAS was found in all of patients with daytime hypersomnolence. The patients with OSAS had higher neck circumference than others.  Conclusion:  The frequency of OSAS was found quite common in patients with PH than general population. It was shown that polysomnography should be used for OSAS diagnosis in patients with PH, especially PH with obscure etiology. The PH patients with high neck circumference must be questioned about symptoms of OSAS. If major symptoms are found, polysomnographic sleep measures must be done.
Frequency and length of admission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as co morbidity (CO) in a university hospital setting. A cross sectional study
Authors: Pernille Roedsgaard, Helene Moeller Nielsen, Ulla Weinreich
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

About 20% of the Danish adult population suffers from COPD[1]. About 50% of the patients are undiagnosed. COPD patients often have CO which may lead to hospitalization[2].  To analyze the frequency of COPD as CO among hospitalised patients, the number of undiagnosed COPD patients, COPD patients (PC) and patients without COPD (PwC) in regards of the cause of hospitalization, and duration of hospitalization for PC and PwC as CO.  Aalborg University Hospital covers all medical and surgical specialities. A one day cross-sectional study was performed on patients > 18 years of age. A spirometry was performed. Smoking habits, prior lung function measurements, prescribed lung medicine were recorded. The final diagnosis was registered after one month.  583 patients were admitted to the participating units. 147 couldn9t participate, 47 didn9t wish to participate. 111 weren9t available at the time of the examination. 12 were excluded. 215 patients participated, 28% (61/215) suffered from COPD. 77% (47/61) were diagnosed at our examination. 36,1%(22/61) of the PC were admitted with infections, the majority non-pulmonary. The admission period was not significantly longer for PC as comorbidity (mean 13.03 days) compared to PwC (mean 12.1 days), (p=0.24).  28% of hospitalised patients suffered from COPD.  77% were diagnosed at our examination.  PC were primarily admitted with infectious diseases.  There was no significant difference in length of stay in hospital between PC and PwC as comorbidity.  1) Loekke A et al. Ugeskrift for laeger 2007; 169:3956  2) Fremault A et al. Journal of Chronic Pulmonary Disease; 7:345-351.
The Role of Iron in the Pathogenesis of Porphyria Cutanea Tarda
Authors: J. P. Kushner, G. R. Lee, S. Nacht
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) is characterized biochemically by excessive hepatic synthesis and urinary excretion of uroporphyrin I. Clinical evidence has implicated iron in the pathogenesis of PCT. The synthesis of the normally occurring isomer of uroporphyrin, namely uroporphyrin III, from porphobilinogen (PBG) requires two enzymes; uroporphyrinogen I synthetase and uroporphyrinogen III cosynthetase (COSYN). In the absence of COSYN only uroporphyrinogen I is formed. These experiments were designed to study the effect of iron on porphyrin biosynthesis in porcine and human crude liver extracts and to measure COSYN activity in the presence of iron.Mitochondria-free crude liver extracts were prepared in 0.25 m sucrose at pH 7.4 by centrifugation at 37,000 g. Preparations were incubated with either 0.2 mm amino-levulinic acid (ALA) or 0.1 mm PBG. The addition of ferrous ion (either from ferritin iron [4 mug/ml] and cysteine [6.7 mm] or ferrous ammonium sulfate [0.3 mm Fe] and cysteine) significantly increased the rate of uroporphyrin synthesis from either ALA or PBG. The predominant porphyrin synthesized in the presence of ferrous ion was uroporphyrin I whereas coproporphyrin III predominated in its absence. Orthophenanthroline blocked these effects of ferrous ion.To investigate the effect of ferrous ion on COSYN, crude liver extracts were incubated with ferrous ammonium sulfate (0.3 mm Fe) and cysteine (6.7 mm) and the COSYN activity of the incubates was assayed directly. In both porcine and human extracts ferrous ion caused marked inhibition of COSYN activity. Orthophenanthroline blocked the inhibitory effect.Inactivation of COSYN by heating resulted in marked enhancement of porphyrin synthesis from PBG. The sole product was uroporphyrin I.Thus, inactivation of COSYN results in accelerated synthesis of uroporphyrin I. This effect of ferrous ion provides a possible biochemical explanation for the excess production and excretion of uroporphyrin I in patients with PCT and the reversal of this defect by phlebotomy.
Carcinogenicity of consumption of red and processed meat
Authors: Véronique Bouvard, Dana Loomis, Kathryn Z Guyton, Yann Grosse, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Neela Guha, Heidi Mattock, Kurt Straif, Denis E. Corpet
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Role Of CD166 In Multiple Myeloma Cell Homing To The Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Disease Progression
Authors: Linlin Xu, Christophe Machal, Hao Wu, Bradley Poteat, Colin D. Crean, Angelo A. Cardoso, John M Chirgwin, Helmut Hanenberg, Khalid S. Mohammad, Attaya Suvannasankha, Edward F Srour
Journal: Blood (2013)
Short high-dose CHOP chemotherapy for aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL)
Authors: R. Epelbaum, E. Dann, K. Drumea, N. Haim, M. Ben-Shahar, D. Faraggi, J. Rowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

6596 Background: CHOP is accepted as the gold standard for primary chemotherapy in patients (pts) with aggressive NHL. However, only 40% of pts with advanced disease are cured. Intensification of CHOP by dose escalation of the most active drugs in the combination is an approach currently utilized in order to improve treatment outcome. This study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of CHOP intensification by increasing the dose of cyclophosphamide (CTX). Methods: pts with newly diagnosed diffuse large cell NHL received high CTX containing CHOP chemotherapy. The planned dose of CTX was 3000 mg/m2 with mesna, divided over days 1 and 2, doxorubicin 50 mg/m2 day 1, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 (max 2 mg) day 1 and prednisone 100 mg days 1–5. G-CSF support and oral ciprofloxacin were administered from day 4 until neutrophil recovery. Pts were given a total of 4 cycles every 3 weeks, and radiotherapy was added to pts with bulky mediastinum. Results: Fifty-one pts (median age 34y, range 18–61y; M/F= 24/27) entered the study between 1996 and 2003. Thirty-eight pts (75%) had stage III-IV disease, 27 pts (53%) bulky disease and 24 pts (47%) “B” symptoms. Twenty-six pts (51%) had high or high-intermediate age-adjusted International Prognostic Index. A total of 195 cycles were administered. The projected relative dose intensity (RDI) and the actual RDI for CTX were 4.0 and 3.77, respectively, compared to standard CHOP. The medians of the RDIs of the whole regimen were 1.91 and 0.96, compared to the PDIs of standard CHOP and high-dose CHOP, respectively. Neutropenic fever was reported during 46 (24%) cycles, in 26 (51%) pts, and grade III-IV thrombocytopenia in 24 (12%) cycles. Grade III-IV non-hematological toxicity, mainly vomiting and mucositis, occurred during 13 (6.6%) cycles. There was no treatment related death. Forty-eight pts were evaluable for efficacy. Forty-two pts (87%) achieved complete response. After a median follow-up time of 2.5 years 12 pts (29%) had a relapse. Failure-free survival and overall survival at 3 years were 61% and 84%, respectively. Conclusions: Four cycles of high CTX containing CHOP chemotherapy is a tolerable and effective therapy in relatively young pts with aggressive NHL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.