tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dietary Fat Acutely Increases Glucose Concentrations and Insulin Requirements in Patients With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Howard A. Wolpert, Astrid Atakov-Castillo, Stephanie A. Smith, Garry M. Steil
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Current guidelines for intensive treatment of type 1 diabetes base the mealtime insulin bolus calculation exclusively on carbohydrate counting. There is strong evidence that free fatty acids impair insulin sensitivity. We hypothesized that patients with type 1 diabetes would require more insulin coverage for higher-fat meals than lower-fat meals with identical carbohydrate content.We used a crossover design comparing two 18-h periods of closed-loop glucose control after high-fat (HF) dinner compared with low-fat (LF) dinner. Each dinner had identical carbohydrate and protein content, but different fat content (60 vs. 10 g).Seven patients with type 1 diabetes (age, 55 ± 12 years; A1C 7.2 ± 0.8%) successfully completed the protocol. HF dinner required more insulin than LF dinner (12.6 ± 1.9 units vs. 9.0 ± 1.3 units; P = 0.01) and, despite the additional insulin, caused more hyperglycemia (area under the curve >120 mg/dL = 16,967 ± 2,778 vs. 8,350 ± 1,907 mg/dL⋅min; P < 0001). Carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio for HF dinner was significantly lower (9 ± 2 vs. 13 ± 3 g/unit; P = 0.01). There were marked interindividual differences in the effect of dietary fat on insulin requirements (percent increase significantly correlated with daily insulin requirement; R(2) = 0.64; P = 0.03).This evidence that dietary fat increases glucose levels and insulin requirements highlights the limitations of the current carbohydrate-based approach to bolus dose calculation. These findings point to the need for alternative insulin dosing algorithms for higher-fat meals and suggest that dietary fat intake is an important nutritional consideration for glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
Lipid Composition and De Novo Cholesterogenesis in Normal and Neoplastic Rat Mammary Tissues
Authors: K. N. Rao, M. F. Melhem, H. F. Gabriel, E.D. Eskander, M. .E Kazanecki, J. .S Amenta
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Female Wistar rats were given 5 mg of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and fed either a control diet (AIN), a 4% cholestyramine (CHST) diet, a 2% corn oil plus 18% coconut oil (saturated fat) diet, a 20% corn oil [unsaturated fatty acid (USF)] diet, or a USF + 4% cholestyramine (USF + CHST) diet. The mammary glands, tumors, livers, and sera were analyzed for lipids, de novo cholesterogenesis, and serum lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) activity levels. Level and type of fat in the diet, DMBA, CHST, and length of feeding influenced the lipid composition of liver and mammary tissues. Stimulation of de novo cholesterogenesis in the mammary gland and depression in circulating LCAT activity levels correlated with the incidence and growth of mammary tumors, suggesting that stimulation of de novo cholesterogenesis plays an important role in mammary cancer development.
GONORRHEA IN THE PUERPERIUM.
Authors: ALBERT H. BURR
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In these latter days of widespread knowledge of aseptic measures for shielding the parturient woman from harm, the occurrence of puerperal sepsis is looked upon, even by the laity, as evidence that some one has blundered, and the attendant is fortunate if he escapes the charge of criminal negligence or inexcusable ignorance. If the infection of the lying-in woman happened only during labor, or her subsequent stay in childbed, the charge might be sustained with justice, but we are convinced that it happens more frequently than is apprehended that an infection has antedated childbed by weeks or months, if indeed it has not preceded conception itself and invaded territory absolutely beyond the reach of any possible antiseptic treatment. With a unilateral pyosalpinx, or a tubal infection, existing before pregnancy, or a subsequent gonorrheal infection of vulvo-vaginal glands or urethra, who can be certain, even though forewarned, that he can be
Practical Noninvasive Vascular Diagnosis
Authors: Bruce J. Brener
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This is the second edition of a very popular book, first published in 1982. Since the first version came out, the vascular laboratory examination has become a firmly established part of the evaluation of vascular patients. Vascular laboratories have proliferated throughout the country—in physicians' offices and in hospitals as well as in traveling vans that visit offices, nursing homes, and shopping malls. Needless to say, some of these laboratories are very sophisticated, some are very primitive. In the early 1970s we used to say jokingly that a vascular laboratory was a blood pressure cuff, a treadmill, and a portable Doppler device. Now there are Color Duplex Scanners costing hundreds and thousands of dollars, computerized plethysmographs, and automated reports. Physicians interested in vascular disease have had to learn a new vocabulary, become familiar with scanning techniques, relearn their college physics, and, more important, try to put these new techniques into their
Acute Hypertension as an Adverse Effect of Pyrazinamide
Authors: Jorge Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Pyrazinamide has been associated with nausea, vomiting, hepatotoxicity,<sup>1</sup>interstitial nephritis,<sup>2</sup>rhabdomyolysis, polymyalgia, photosensitivity, and urate retention.<sup>3</sup>To our knowledge the development of acute hypertension has not been reported as an adverse effect of pyrazinamide. We report a case suggestive of pyrazinamide-induced acute hypertension. <h3>Report of a Case.</h3> —A 65-year-old woman with no previous medical history and blood pressure (BP) of 130/80 mm Hg was diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis. She was started on a combination tablet containing 300 mg of rifampin 300 mg, 150 mg of isoniazid, and 500 mg of pyrazinamide. (Rifater, Marion Merrell Dow, Kansas City, Mo). After she received the first dose, she reported an episode of intense headache and tachycardia that lasted 3 hours until she was admitted to the hospital. Physical examination revealed a supine BP of 170/110 mm Hg and pulse of 120 beats per minute and regular. Examination
Psychiatric disorder and gynaecological symptoms in middle aged women: a community survey.
Authors: D Gath, M Osborn, G Bungay, S Iles, A Day, A Bond, C Passingham
Journal: BMJ (1987)

In a community survey 521 women aged 35-59 were selected at random from all patients registered in two groups practices. They were interviewed at home and assessed by means of standardised psychiatric measures and detailed gynaecological inquiry. Levels of psychiatric morbidity were found to be within the expected range for such a sample. Both psychiatric morbidity and the personality dimension of neuroticism were significantly associated with gynaecological symptoms, including dysmenorrhoea and premenstrual tension, some symptoms of excessive menstruation, and flushes and sweats but not disappearance of menstruation for over six months. Current psychiatric state was significantly associated with recent adverse life events and with indices of psychiatric vulnerability (neuroticism and previous psychiatric history), suggesting possible aetiological links with gynaecological symptoms. The findings of this study have implications for the management of gynaecological complaints in general practice.
Patency of the Santorini Duct and Acute Biliary Pancreatitis. A Prospective ERCP Study
Authors: A. Nowak, E. Nowakowska-Dutawa, J. Rybicka
Journal: Endoscopy (1990)

Disturbance of outflow of the pancreatic juice is considered to be a pathogenic factor in the development of acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP). In the years 1984-1988 sixty-seven patients admitted with ABP were prospectively allocated to urgent ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy. Diagnostic criteria of acute biliary pancreatitis were as follows: epigastric pain, an elevated serum amylase concentration, biochemical prediction of gallstones, positive pattern of pancreatitis in US and CT-scan and ERCP performed within 24 h of admission. At ERCP the anatomy of the pancreatic duct was evaluated and special attention was paid to the patency of the accessory (Santorini) duct as a potential outflow route of the pancreatic juice. The control group comprised 100 consecutive patients in whom a pancreatogram was obtained during ERCP performed because of expected biliary pathology. Patency of the Santorini duct was found merely in 17% patients with ABP. In contrast, this duct was patent in 69% of the patients in the control group (p less than 0.001). The absence of this additional possibility of draining pancreatic juice might be an important pathogenic factor in acute biliary pancreatitis.
The present editorial team: Ushering CVR into its fifth decade
Authors: H PIPER, D GARCIADORADO, E MARTINSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

Cardiovascular Research is celebrating its fortieth year of existence this year. Therefore, the Editorial Team would like to take this opportunity to reflect on the Journal's past, present, and future. To look into the past we've invited an author (John Ross Jr.) of the very first CVR paper ever published to give his impressions of basic cardiology at the time of the Journal's inception in 1967. We've also invited editorials from several former editors-in-chief (Peter Sleight, David Hearse, and Michiel Janse) in which they reminisce about their experiences at the helm of the Journal. To look at the present, we have just learned as this editorial goes to press that our impact factor has risen once again, to its highest value ever: 5.826 for the year 2006 (see Fig. 1). This is a very nice “birthday present” to our journal and makes us confident for the years to come.



Fig. 1 

To elaborate on the Journal's future, we'd like to discuss in the following paragraphs perspectives for Cardiovascular Research as it enters its fifth decade. In the years that the present editorial team has been in place, the look and feel of journal publishing has been changing. We've seen the Journal go through a transition that could be described as progressing from a “metal filing cabinet” period to a “mouse click” era, and use of the printed issue has declined while the importance of our internet platform has risen. This is a trend for most journals in the biomedical sphere and is connected to another major change that scientific journals have experienced during recent years: the continuous selective pressure driven by bibliometric analysis … 

* Corresponding author. Tel.: +49 641 99 47 242; fax: +49 641 99 47 209. CVR{at}physiologie.med.uni-giessen.de
The Creative Imagination: Psychoanalysis and the Genius of Inspiration
Authors: MARTIN GROTJAHN
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>The Literary Imagination: Psychoanalysis and the Genius of the Writer</h3> edited with an introduction by Hendrik M. Ruitenbeek, 443 pp, $7.95, Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1965. The jaded reader of anthologies will always be torn between the delight of meeting old friends and the disappointment of missing other equally valuable contributors. The reader who grew up drinking the milk of wisdom from psychoanalytic journals will be happy to welcome a fairly representative selection here, and the student of today will benefit from such guided tours through the literature. All essays show the year of the original publication, which helps in the historical orientation. In<i>The Creative Imagination</i>the two pioneers Ernst Kris and Hanns Sachs are represented, without whom any anthology would be unthinkable. Also represented is Melanie Klein with her thoughts about the relationship between creation and infantile anxiety. A relatively little-known essay of Otto Rank's is included, and then we find John Rickman's excellent essay on ugliness. The past is brought up to the present by Phyllis Greenacre's new look at the childhood development
AN EPIDEMIC OF MILD FEVER OF UNKNOWN NATURE
Authors: F. M. HANGER
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Since June 6, 1923, sixteen patients admitted to the Presbyterian Hospital, New York, have presented symptoms and courses so similar to one another, and yet not corresponding to any picture found by us in the literature, that we have come to regard them as representing a new and distinct clinical entity. For the purpose of calling attention to the condition and learning, if possible, the opinion of others who may have seen similar cases, we are reporting in brief our experience.  The characteristic features of the malady as we have seen it, are: (1) occurrence in the young; (2) sudden onset; (3) pain referred to the chest or upper abdomen; (4) a rather high fever with few other general constitutional symptoms; (5) a disappearance of the pain and fever within twenty-four hours, with frequent recurrence on the third or fourth day after the onset; (6) a speedy and uncomplicated recovery.
BAALC overexpression retains its negative prognostic role across all cytogenetic risk groups in acute myeloid leukemia patients
Authors: Daniela Damiani, Mario Tiribelli, Alessandra Franzoni, Angela Michelutti, Dora Fabbro, Margherita Cavallin, Eleonora Toffoletti, Erica Simeone, Renato Fanin, Giuseppe Damante
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Overexpression of brain and acute leukemia cytoplasmic (BAALC) gene confers poor prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients, while less defined is its role in AML with abnormal karyotype. We evaluated the effect of BAALC overexpression on outcome of 175 adult AML patients with different cytogenetic risks. Karyotype was favorable in 13, intermediate in 117 and unfavorable in 45 patients, respectively. Quantitative BAALC expression was determined by real-time PCR, with cut off value set at 50th percentile. BAALC was overexpressed in 87/175 (50%) patients, without association with cytogenetic status. High BAALC was associated with unmutated NPM (P = 0.006) and CD34 positivity (P < 0.0001). Complete remission (CR) was attained in 111 patients (63%), and was maintained at 5 years in 52 ± 7%. BAALC overexpression had a negative impact on CR achievement (P = 0.04), while did not influence relapse probability. Median survival was 22 months with a 5-years overall survival (OS) of 35%. Factors with a negative impact on OS were older age (P = 0.0001), unfavorable cytogenetic (P = 0.005), ABCG2 overexpression (P = 0.03) and high BAALC levels (P = 0.01). We observed a worse outcome in patients with high BAALC expression through all cytogenetic risk categories: 5-years OS was 100% vs. 71% in patients with favorable cytogenetics (P = 0.05), 55% vs. 40% in cases with intermediate karyotype (P = 0.04) and 34% vs. 23% in unfavorable cytogenetic subgroup (P = 0.02). BAALC overexpression identified AML patients with poor prognosis in all cytogenetic groups. Though relatively rare, BAALC positivity in patients with favorable or unfavorable karyotype significantly worsened survival.
Anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery. An eight year angiographic follow-up after saphenous vein bypass graft.
Authors: B R Chaitman, M G Bourassa, J Lespérance, P Grondin
Journal: Circulation (1975)

We have presented a 7-week and 8-year postoperative angiographic follow-up of a 36-year-old man who had an anomalous left coronary artery arising from the pulmonary artery and who had an aortocornary bypass graft to the left anterior descending artery. The late study showed 1) a large, well functioning patent graft, 2) lack of significant postoperative change in the size of the right coronary artery and 3) new collateral vessels between the distal left anterior descending and left circumflex coronary arteries and persistence of collateral vessels between the distal right and left circulflex coronary arteries. This report is the longest known angiographic follow-up of a patient with this anomaly who has been treated with bypass surgery.
ON01910, a non-ATP-competitive small molecule inhibitor of Plk1, is a potent anticancer agent
Authors: Kiranmai Gumireddy, M.V. Ramana Reddy, Stephen C. Cosenza, R. Boomi Nathan, Stacey J. Baker, Nabisa Papathi, Jiandong Jiang, James Holland, E. Premkumar Reddy
Journal: Cancer Cell (2005)
Effect of Hypochromasia on Specific Gravity and Sedimentation of Red Cells
Authors: K. B. Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1952)

Bwrr= 1109.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~E IA O R A normally low; the same stimuli also produced a small increase when applied at night, when the number of microfilariae in the blood is normally high.The mechanism of production of these effects is unknown.Increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the alveolar air had no significant effect on the microfilarial count during either day or night.Vasodilatation produced by the intravenous injection of hexamethonium iodide had no significant effect on the microfilarial count, but severe exercise in one monkey produced an increase during the daytime.Variation of temperature, pulse rate, and respiratory rate had no effect.There is much resemblance between the cyclic changes in the concentration of phosphates in the blood and urine (as recorded in the literature) and those in the number of microfilariae in the blood; but no direct relationship between the two could be demonstrated experimentally.ADDENDUM.-Since this paper was written Stanbury and Thomson (1951) have shown that in the diurnal cytle of excretion of sodium, potassium, chloride, and bicarbonate ions, a maximum was reached at midday and a minimum during sleep, and in some cases the fall began in the after- noon.There were, however, no parallel changes in the plasma levels of these substances during the 24 hours.
Prevalence of advanced renal failure in Northern Ireland.
Authors: M G McGeown
Journal: BMJ (1990)

To determine the prevalence of advanced chronic renal failure in Northern Ireland as part of an assessment by the Renal Association of the level of service provision for treatment of such patients.Prospective notification of patients reaching a defined level of advanced chronic renal failure (serum creatinine concentration greater than or equal to 500 mumol/l or blood urea concentration greater than or equal to 25 mmol/l) within one year and follow up for at least three, and, at most, four years after notification.Northern Ireland.122 Patients with a serum creatinine or blood urea concentration higher than the defined level newly detected from 1 March 1985 to 28 February 1986.Survival after notification.77 Patients of all ages/million population/year had advanced chronic renal failure compared with 67/million/year between the ages of 5 and 80 found in an earlier study of the same population. 62% Of the patients were older than 50 years. Seventeen (14%) of the patients either required dialysis or died within one month of notification, 51 (42%) survived for at least three months, and 23 (19%) for one year or longer. Three patients, all of whom were attending a renal clinic, survived for periods of 43, 45, and 46 months respectively without renal replacement treatment.The increased number of new patients disclosed in this survey compared with the earlier survey is mainly owing to an increased number of older patients. Such patients often have disabilities other than renal failure, are less likely to be capable of self treatment, may develop complications more often and require more frequent hospital admissions, and may not be suitable for transplantation and consequently have considerable resource implications for the NHS.
Parallelism in Evolution of Highly Repetitive DNAs in Sibling Species
Authors: B. Mravinac, M. Plohl
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

Characterization of heterochromatin in the flour beetle Tribolium audax revealed two highly repetitive DNA families, named TAUD1 and TAUD2, which together constitute almost 60% of the whole genome. Both families originated from a common ancestral approximately 110-bp repeating unit. Tandem arrangement of these elements in TAUD1 is typical for satellite DNAs, whereas TAUD2 represents a dispersed family based on 1412-bp complex higher-order repeats composed of inversely oriented approximately 110 bp units. Comparison with repetitive DNAs in the sibling species Tribolium madens showed similarities in nucleotide sequence and length of basic repeating units and also revealed structural and organizational parallelism in tandem and dispersed families assembled from these elements. In both Tribolium species, one tandem and one dispersed family build equivalent distribution patterns in the pericentromeric heterochromatin of all chromosomes including supernumeraries. Differences in the nucleotide sequence and in the complexity of higher-order structures between families of the same type suggest a scenario according to which rearranged variants of the corresponding ancestral families were formed and distributed in genomes during or after the speciation event, following the same principles independently in each descendant species. We assume that random effects of sequence dynamics should be constrained by organizational and structural features of repeating units and possible requirements for spatial distribution of particular sequence elements. An interspersed pattern of repetitive families also points to the intensive recombination events in heterochromatin. Synergy between the meiotic bouquet stage and satellite DNA sequence dynamics could make a positive feedback loop that promotes the observed genome-wide distribution. At the same time, considering the abundance of these DNAs in heterochromatin spanning the (peri)centromeric chromosomal segments, we speculate that diverged repetitive sequences might represent the DNA basis of reproductive barrier between the two sibling species.