tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon.
Authors: J D Coffman, H M Rasmussen
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Digital vasospastic phenomena have been reported to result from use of nonselective and cardioselective beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs. The effects of 80 mg/day propranolol and 100 mg/day metoprolol on finger hemodynamics and clinical responses were compared with those of placebo in 16 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. A double-blind, 2 week crossover study design was used with a 2 week washout placebo period between drugs. Total fingertip blood flow (FBF) as determined by venous occlusion plethysmography, fingertip capillary flow (FCF) as determined by radioisotope disappearance rate, and finger systolic blood pressure (FSP) were measured in a 28.3 degrees and a 20 degrees C room at the end of each period. Subjects kept diaries to record vasospastic attacks. There were no significant changes in FBF, FCF, or FSP in the warm or cool environment during drug treatment as compared with during the placebo period. A decrease in pulse rate occurred with both drugs and there was a decrease in blood pressure with metoprolol. There were no significant changes in the number of vasospastic attacks or in the patients' overall evaluation of their conditions while they were receiving the drugs. It is concluded that the presence of Raynaud's phenomenon is not a contraindication to the use of beta-adrenoreceptor-blocking drugs in the normotensive population.
Familial Cushing's Syndrome Due to Primary Pigmented Nodular Adrenocortical Disease
Authors: W F Young, J A Carney, B U Musa, N M Wulffraat, J W Lens, H A Drexhage
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

PRIMARY pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease is a rare adrenal-dependent cause of Cushing's syndrome characterized biochemically by hypercortisolism resistant to dexamethasone suppression, and pathologically by small-to-Normal-Sized adrenal glands, multiple small black cortical nodules containing large cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm and lipofuscin, and internodular cortical atrophy.1 2 3 4 The pathogenesis of the disease is unknown; recent data, however, suggest that it may be due to circulating adrenal-stimulating immunoglobulins.5 6 7 8 9 Primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease occurs sporadically or as part of a familial syndrome called the Carney complex.10 11 12 13 The Carney complex is a multisystem tumor syndrome in which the tumors are multicentric in affected organs and . . .
Prediction of Fraction of Inspired Oxygen to Achieve a Desired Arterial Partial Pressure of Oxygen
Authors: Mohamad El-Khatib, Robert L. Chatburn
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

ABIZANDA R, 1981, INTENS CARE MED, V7, P247, DOI 10.1007-BF01702629; Hardman JG, 2010, AM J RESP CRIT CARE, V182, P435; OGAWA S, 1989, CRIT CARE MED, V17, P1191, DOI 10.1097-00003246-198911000-00018
Mutations of ASXL1 gene in myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: N Carbuccia, A Murati, V Trouplin, M Brecqueville, J Adélaïde, J Rey, W Vainchenker, O A Bernard, M Chaffanet, N Vey, D Birnbaum, M J Mozziconacci
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
GRADENIGO'S SYNDROME FOLLOWED BY COMPLETE RECOVERY
Authors: E. B. Barnes, C. L. Gimblett
Journal: BMJ (1929)

I[ TA1f:IC L JO1RNAL P'rolr(ss.-Rectalsalines and glutcosc (2 per cent.) were given fotr-lhotirly, and on the following day thle.coindition of thle bo- lha,d improved; temperature 99.40 F., pulse 80-100.Oni the after- ineon of May 27tlh, about tlhirty-six hours after operation, lie was uncornfort able and restless, and became rapidly worse towards e-enincg.Vomitinig recommenced, the abdomen became distenided, and no flatuis was passed.Enemata were ineffectual.Tlle ptulse rlate rot(' to 130; the extremities were cold.It was obvious that a paralytic ileus was present.At 6.45 p.m. 10 c.cm. of anti-gas- ga-ngrene serum " W." (Wellcome) was given intramuscuilarly.An lic r later a little flatus had been passed and the patient was more comfortable.At 9 p.m. 10 c.cm. of serum vas given.Sllortly afterwards flatus was passed freely and lie was mtcell relieved.The vomiting ceased, and during the niiglit lie liad snome iiatu-iral sleep.The next day tlie temperatuire was 990 F., pulse 100.At 10.45 a.m. he was given 12.5 c.cm. of seruni.Soon afterwards the bowels moved freely, the motions being, dark and extremely offensive.At 6.30 p.m. he was givenaniother
Cross-idiotypic antigens among monoclonal immunoglobulin M from patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and polyneuropathy.
Authors: K Dellagi, J C Brouet, F Danon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The monoclonal immunoglobulin (Ig)M from 5 to 16 patients with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and a polyneuropathy shared cross-idiotypic antigenic determinants as demonstrated by hemagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition experiments as well as by precipitin reactions. This reactivity was located to the Fab (and not Fc) fragment of the protein. The IgM from 73 patients with macroglobulinemia but without neuropathy all gave negative reactions. In contrast, the monoclonal IgG from a patient with polyneuropathy also possessed similar idiotypic determinants. Since cross-idiotypic determinants are usually related to the combining site of a monoclonal Ig, this finding suggests that the monoclonal Ig of these patients may mediate the nerve injury via their antibody activity, which could be directed either to a nerve antigen or to some component involved in the pathogenesis of the neuropathy.
Use-dependent block and use-dependent unblock of the delayed rectifier K+ current by almokalant in rabbit ventricular myocytes.
Authors: E Carmeliet
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

A voltage-clamp analysis of the effect of almokalant on the delayed rectifier K+ current (IK) was made in rabbit ventricular myocytes. The two-suction pipette method was used, and appropriate voltage-clamp protocols were used to study more specifically use dependence, block development, and recovery from block. Almokalant interacted with the IK in two ways: it shifted the activation curve in the hyperpolarizing direction (stimulatory effect) and blocked the open IK channel in a use-dependent way (inhibitory effect). For 2-second voltage clamps to +20 mV, half-maximum block was obtained at 5 x 10(-8) mol/L, with a Hill coefficient of 1.76. Use-dependent block was related to an open-channel block that occurred at 0 mV with a time constant of 1.07 second and a rather slow recovery from block: at -50 mV, recovery time constant was approximately 10 seconds; at -75 mV, recovery was practically absent. The absence of an important recovery at negative membrane potentials is consistent with the hypothesis of the drug being trapped in the channel. A limited frequency-dependent block could be demonstrated. Use-dependent unblock was demonstrated by a rapid recovery from block during stimulation following complete washout of the drug. It is concluded that almokalant shifts the activation curve of IK in the hyperpolarizing direction, blocks the open channel, and is trapped by the closure of the activation gate.
Decreased Red Blood Cell Use and Mortality in Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Nareg H. Roubinian, Gabriel J. Escobar, Vincent Liu, Marla N. Gardner, Jeffrey L. Carson, Steven H. Kleinman, Edward L. Murphy
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Blood conservation strategies effectively decrease red blood cell (RBC) use in specific patient groups.1-3 However, the impact of RBC transfusion reduction on mortality in a diverse inpatient population remains poorly described. We detail the impact of declining RBC use on 30-day mortality within Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC), an integrated health care delivery system serving 3.5 million members at 21 hospitals.
Frequency ofBCL-2/JH translocations in peripheral blood of follicular lymphoma patients
Authors: Xian-Yang Zhang, Hana Safah, Raja Mudad, Ellen Maher, John Krause, Alan Miller, Melanie Ehrlich
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays have been developed for follicular lymphoma-associated BCL-2/JH translocations. Few data are available on the quantitation by PCR of these translocations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) of follicular lymphoma (FL) patients. We report that only one of five studied FL patients had a high level of these translocations in the circulation, namely, about 35,000 translocations per 5 × 106 PBM. This patient was stable with an excellent performance status at the time of this assay; however, he died of leukemia 1 month later. Am. J. Hematol. 55:205–207, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Selective Inhibition of Protein Kinase Cβ <sub>2</sub> Prevents Acute Effects of High Glucose on Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression in Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Alexei Kouroedov, Masato Eto, Hana Joch, Massimo Volpe, Thomas F. Lüscher, Francesco Cosentino
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Enhanced expression of adhesion molecules by the endothelium may account for vascular damage in diabetics and nondiabetic patients who develop stress hyperglycemia during acute myocardial infarction. We analyzed the phosphorylation of protein kinase Cbeta2 (PKCbeta2) at serine/threonine residues, which may contribute to the endothelial dysfunction during acute hyperglycemia. Furthermore, this study was designed to investigate whether selective blockade of this regulatory mechanism may prevent the development of endothelial hyperadhesiveness.Incubation of the human aortic endothelial cells with high glucose (22.2 mmol/L) resulted in significant increase of vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 protein expression (172+/-15% versus control; P<0.01). Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a potent activator of PKC, mimicked the effect of high glucose on VCAM-1 expression. High glucose led to a rapid increase (181+/-22% versus control; P<0.01) of membrane-bound PKCbeta, reflecting activation of this enzyme. The nonselective inhibitor of PKCbeta1 and PKCbeta2 isoforms LY379196, as well as CGP53353, a highly selective inhibitor of PKCbeta2, prevented in a dose-dependent manner upregulation of VCAM-1. Incubation with high glucose was associated with increased PKCbeta2 phosphorylation at the Ser-660 residue, and both LY379196 and CGP53353 prevented this event. Exposure of the cells to high glucose also reduced the protein level of the inhibitory subunit of nuclear factor-kappaB, IkappaBalpha, leading to its enhanced binding activity. Selective inhibition of PKCbeta abolished IkappaBalpha degradation.Our findings demonstrate for the first time that phosphorylation of Ser-660 represents a selective regulatory mechanism for glucose-induced upregulation of VCAM-1. Therefore, PKCbeta2-selective inhibitors may be promising drugs for treatment of endothelial dysfunction during acute hyperglycemia and possibly in diabetes.
Hydralazine and the Treatment of Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Philip J. Kadowitz, Albert L. Hyman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

This issue of the Journal contains a report by Packer et al. showing that hydralazine, a widely used systemic arterial vasodilator, did not produce consistent hemodynamic or clinical improvement in patients with primary or secondary pulmonary hypertension.1 This report is not in agreement with the results of a recent study by Rubin and Peter showing that hydralazine was effective in reducing pulmonary vascular resistance and relieving symptoms in four patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.2 The disparate observations on the response to hydralazine in the studies of Packer et al. and of Rubin and Peter deserve further examination and comment. The . . .
Penetrance of Inherited Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation in a Large Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A Family with C634Y RET Mutation
Authors: Beatriz González-Yebra, María Elena Medrano, Alejandra Mantilla, Virginia Palma, Carmen Colin, Dulce María Hernández, José Tapia, Brian Dawson, Mauricio Salcedo
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2003)
Observations on Hepatic Oxygen Metabolism in Man
Authors: Carroll M. Leevy
Journal: JAMA (1961)

ALTHOUGH the importance of oxygen in maintaining functional and morphological integrity of the liver is well established in experimental animals, little is known of the factors which govern hepatic oxygen uptake in man. The present investigation was undertaken to determine further the relationship of availability and utilization of oxygen by the normal and diseased liver.<sup>1</sup>Observations were made on splanchnic oxygen consumption in health, effects on hepatic oxygen uptake of altering availability or cellular requirements of oxygen, and the value of oxygen inhalation in correcting hepatic oxygen deficits. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> Studies were conducted on 16 normal subjects, 12 patients with pulmonary disease, and 20 patients with cirrhosis. Each of the subjects received a hematocrit, biochemical liver function tests, a percutaneous liver biopsy, and pulmonary function tests. Under basal conditions, right hepatic vein catheterization was performed,<sup>2</sup>and hepatic blood flow measured by the Fick principle using a constant
Histology, Protein Clearances, and Response to Treatment in the Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: J. S. Cameron
Journal: BMJ (1968)

In a group of 400 nephrotic patients, both adults and children, the histological picture seen on renal biopsy, the selectivity of differential protein clearances, and the response to corticosteroid therapy where applied were studied. The only discernible difference was that of the relative incidence of underlying renal disease; in particular, the much greater incidence of “minimal change” lesions and the near absence of glomerular disease secondary to systemic disorders in children. Highly selective differential protein clearances were strongly associated with response to steroids within eight weeks, and this depended on the relation between this type of protein clearance and the minimal change lesion, which was the only histological appearance associated with complete response to corticosteroid therapy within eight weeks. Neither renal biopsy nor studies of proteinuria allowed prediction of which responding patients would subsequently relapse. Studies of differential protein clearances allow the paediatrician to avoid renal biopsy with safety in nephrotic children aged 1 to 5 years, but cannot distinguish any given renal disease with certainty. Generalized diseases affecting the kidney are usually associated with poorly selective differential protein clearances. Within all groups the most severe changes were usually associated with the least selective differential protein clearances, and vice versa.
No effect of montelukast on asthma‐like symptoms in elite ice hockey players
Authors: I. Helenius, A. Lumme, J. Öunap, Y. Obase, P. Rytilä, S. Sarna, A. Alaranta, V. Remes, T. Haahtela
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: Controlled clinical trials on the effects of leukotriene antagonists on asthma‐like symptoms, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation have not been performed in elite athletes. Methods: In 2001, we examined 88 of 102 (86%) players from three junior, national league ice hockey teams in Helsinki. Athletes were included in the intervention if they reported at least two exercise‐induced bronchial symptoms (wheeze, cough, shortness of breath) weekly during the previous month on a previously validated respiratory‐symptom questionnaire. Sixteen male ice hockey players fulfilled the study criteria. A double‐blind, randomized, cross‐over, placebo‐controlled study included 4‐week active treatment (10 mg oral montelukast, bedtime), 1‐week washout period, and 4‐week placebo treatment. Before entering the study, all patients were clinically examined, skin prick tested, filled in a respiratory symptom questionnaire, performed a spirometry and a histamine challenge test, and gave induced sputum samples. Exhaled NO was measured. These measures were repeated after both treatment periods. During the treatment the athletes kept daily diary on lower respiratory tract symptoms on a scale from 0 (no symptoms) to 10 (most severe symptoms), morning peak expiratory flow (PEF), training amount, and use of study medication. Primary end‐point was daily lower respiratory tract symptom score. Results: Montelukast had no effect on daily lower respiratory symptom scores, spirometry parameters [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV 1 ), forced vital capacity (FVC), FEV 1 /FVC ratio, PEF], bronchial hyperresponsiveness, sputum eosinophil or neutrophil cell counts, exhaled NO measurements, or morning PEF. Nine subjects were atopic in skin prick test, but their results did not differ from the nonatopic subjects. Conclusion: A leukotriene antagonist, montelukast, was of no benefit in the treatment of asthma‐like symptoms, increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness or a mixed type of eosinophilic and neutrophilic airway inflammation in highly‐trained ice hockey players.
Modern Trends in Cardiology 2
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The first series was published in 1960. Thus, the reader may be forgiven for expecting the second to mirror major trends of an eventful decade in its selection of the new topics and in its handling of the old. Does the book measure up to this expectation? By and large it does, even though cardiac transplantation and myocardial revascularization, the glamor events of the sixties, receive no mention; intracardial pacemaking gets only one paragraph; and redundancies of already well-publicized data overflow several chapters on epidemiology and prophylaxis of coronary disease. Important trends are reflected in the emphasis on molecular biology in the study of myocardial metabolism and arterial thrombosis, on new techniques in assessing cardiac performance or visualizing coronary arteries, and on new areas of relevance to cardiology, such as the pulmonary capillary blood flow. Though less conspicuous, these trends are discernible in the new clinically oriented chapters dealing with
Prejunctional angiotensin II receptors. Facilitation of norepinephrine release in the human forearm.
Authors: B Clemson, L Gaul, S S Gubin, D M Campsey, J McConville, J Nussberger, R Zelis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

To determine if peripheral angiotensin II (Ang II) prejunctional receptors facilitating NE release exist in humans, we used [3H]NE kinetic methodology to measure forearm NE spillover during intrabrachial arterial Ang II infusions in eight normal male subjects. We used the following protocol to optimize conditions for demonstrating these receptors: (a) lower body negative pressure (-15 mmHg) to increase sympathetic nerve activity to skeletal muscle; and (b) intraarterial nitroprusside to maintain a high constant forearm blood flow (approximately 10 ml/min.100 ml) to maximize the proportion of neuronally released NE that spills over into the circulation. During lower body negative pressure, the following were infused intraarterially for three consecutive 20-min periods: saline, Ang II (4 ng/min), and Ang II (16 ng/min). During the Ang II infusions, forearm venous NE increased significantly from 173 to 189 and 224 pg/ml (P < 0.01), and forearm NE spillover increased from 384 to 439 and 560 ng/min.100 ml (P < 0.05 for high Ang II). Forearm NE clearance was unchanged. During low and high dose Ang II, the plasma venous Ang II concentrations were 25 and 97 pM, respectively. Since normal subjects increase plasma Ang II from 4 to 20-22 pM with exercise, standing, or diuretic administration, and patients with severe congestive heart failure can have a plasma Ang II of approximately 25 pM at rest, we suggest that Ang II might facilitate NE release in severe congestive heart failure, especially under conditions of stress.
Specific therapeutic group age-sex related prescribing units (STAR-PUs): weightings for analysing general practices' prescribing in England
Authors: D C E F Lloyd, C M Harris, D J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To derive cost comparators for prescribing by English general practitioners in eight specific therapeutic groups, based on age-sex related weightings, and to confirm, from a new dataset, earlier age-sex weightings for overall prescribing (ASTRO-PUs). <b>Design</b>: Calculations based on one year9s prescribing data from selected practices using AAH Meditel software, held on MediPlus by Intercontinental Medical Statistics (IMS, UK and Ireland), and research practices using VAMP software, held on the General Practice Research Database. <b>Setting</b>: 112 English practices with 739672 patients and 510 British practices with 3126570 patients. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Cost based weightings for 18 age-sex groups and for temporary residents for eight leading specific therapeutic groups and for prescribing overall. <b>Results</b>: The two datasets were similar in age distribution and in the way that prescription numbers were distributed by age-sex band in each therapeutic group. The cost based weightings for specific therapeutic groups showed great variation in the use of these groups for patients in different age-sex groups. When these weightings were applied to the prescribing of practices in two family health services authorities they differed in their power to predict prescribing costs: for cardiovascular and gastrointestinal drugs predictive power was particularly high; for drugs for infections it was particularly low, since these are widely used at all ages and for both sexes. Cost based weightings for overall prescribing derived from the IMS data were similar to those of the ASTRO-PU system even though they were derived by different methods from different datasets. <b>Conclusions</b>: The weightings (STAR-PUs) offer a sound basis for cost comparisons at the therapeutic group level. Cost-based weightings for overall prescribing derived from the IMS data were reassuringly similar to those of the existing ASTRO-PU system.
Acute haemorrhagic oedema of infancy associated with cytomegalovirus infection
Authors: K. Kuroda, H. Yabunami, Y. Hisanaga
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary Acute haemorrhagic oedema (AHO) of infancy is a cutaneous leukocytoclastic vasculitis, clinically characterized by the acute development of peripheral oedema and targetoid purpuric lesions on the face and extremities. It usually affects children younger than 2 years of age. The disorder follows a benign course usually without recurrence or long-term complication. In most cases the origin is not clear, but underlying infections are assumed to play an aetiological role. We describe a 7-month-old boy whose clinical and histopathological features are typical of AHO. Serological tests clearly demonstrated a primary infection for cytomegalovirus (CMV). To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of AHO associated with CMV infection.