tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Accusations of Child Sexual Abuse
Authors: David L. Chadwick
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The rediscovery of the sexual abuse of children in the 1980s created a new interface between jurisprudence and health science. Thousands of interactions involving specific cases have flowed along this interface, and high coefficients of friction in many of them have heated it considerably. The adversarial system, beloved by legal practitioners, has thrust itself rudely upon what was once a leisurely and fairly systematic process of acquisition of scientific knowledge, thus forcing premature conclusions about unresolved questions. Recognition that many children are subjected to sexual abuse for many years, with little hope of intervention or protection, has created a massive tension and a need to find effective means of rescue if possible. In this environment, medical and mental health practitioners have attempted to develop scientifically sound and humane approaches that would assist victimized children and to bring these approaches to the social services and justice systems for application. Many innovative
Cancer and Nutrition
Authors: Zenonas Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Part II of Cancer Research (July 1977) was dedicated to the proceedings of the Conference on Nutrition and Cancer Therapy, which was sponsored by the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute. Thirty-five outstanding scientists— nutritionists, oncologists, oncological surgeons, and research scientists—participated. For the first time, emphasis was placed on nutrition as a factor in malignant disease.  Nutrition is important from the negative standpoint since anorexia and cachexia lead to severe deterioration of the cancer patient; often nutritional deficiencies coexist with the malignant disease and may lead to additional weakening of the body, without direct etiologic dependence on cancer. On the other hand, improving nutrition and absorption and utilization of food ingredients may and should lead to strengthening of immunological defenses of the body. Scientists have started to look into nutrition from both points—prevention of nutritional health deterioration and improvement of total body immunological status by improved nutrition during
GPs are "raring to go" with commissioning of health care, alliance claims
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Delay in the health reform bill will cost money and defer the benefits that can come from GP commissioning, the NHS Alliance has warned. GPs were “raring to go” and should not be held up by the pause in the legislative programme, according to Michael Dixon, chairman of the alliance.

This week the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, defended his bill in an article in the Daily Telegraph (2 June, p 17). In it he insisted that the reforms are needed, will not privatise the NHS, and that without them the costs of the service would balloon to £230bn (€258bn; $375bn) a year by 2030. “Reform or die” was his message.

Mr Lansley’s article said the govermment was willing to …
Long-term outcome of endoscopic resection of superficial adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction
Authors: Masayoshi Yamada, Ichiro Oda, Satoru Nonaka, Haruhisha Suzuki, Shigetaka Yoshinaga, Hirokazu Taniguchi, Shigeki Sekine, Ryoji Kushima, Yutaka Saito, Takuji Gotoda
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Endoscopic resection has been favored for the management of intramucosal adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEGJ) over standard treatment with surgical resection. Several previous studies have reported only short-term outcomes. The aim of the present study was to report the long-term follow-up and outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), a representative endoscopic resection method, for the management of superficial AEGJ.A retrospective cohort study included 53 consecutive patients with superficial AEGJ who underwent ESD between 2001 and 2007 at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. Rates of overall survival, recurrence-free survival, and cause-specific survival of patients with AEGJ after endoscopic resection were analyzed.The 5-year overall, recurrence-free, and cause-specific survival rates in the 53 patients were 94.2%, 92.3% and 96.1%, respectively. The median follow-up was 6.1 years. En bloc, R0, and curative resection rates were 100 %, 79 %, 68 %, respectively. In 36 patients with curative resection, the cause-specific survival rate was 100 % and no recurrence or metastases were detected. In 17 patients with non-curative resection, recurrence was found in three patients (17 %); two of the three patients died of their disease whilst one patient received chemotherapy.Superficial AEGJ can be well controlled by ESD when curative resection is achieved.
Intra-arterial injection of abused drugs
Authors: E. C. ALIX, G. P. BOGUMILL, C. B. WRIGHT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1975)

Journal Article Intra-arterial injection of abused drugs Get access ERNEST C. ALIX, ERNEST C. ALIX From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Division of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Department of Orthopedics, Walter Reed General Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar GEORGE P. BOGUMILL, GEORGE P. BOGUMILL From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Division of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Department of Orthopedics, Walter Reed General Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar CREIGHTON B. WRIGHT CREIGHTON B. WRIGHT From the Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Division of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and the Department of Orthopedics, Walter Reed General Hospital, Washington, DC 20012, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 9, Issue 2, March 1975, Pages 266–271, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/9.2.266 Published: 01 March 1975
Underage Drinking—Laws, Loopholes, and Enforcement
Authors: Antonia C. Novello
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Richard L. Humphrey, John R. Wright, Jimmy B. Zachary, Sylvester Sterioff, Ralph A. DeFRONZO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

A patient with plasma cell myeloma presented in severe renal failure but was otherwise considered a good risk candidate for chemotherapy. Supported by hemodialysis she received intensive cyclophosphamide chemotherapy, resulting in a stabilization of all overt manifestations of her disease except for the renal failure. After 11½ months of follow-up without showing any further progression of the myeloma process, she received a successful cadaveric renal transplant, which functioned well until the time of her death 15 months later. No evidence of recurrent myeloma kidney disease was found at postmortem examination.
Symptoms and signs: physical disease and illness behaviour
Authors: R Mayou
Journal: BMJ (1984)

process is not yet possible.Perhaps this is still the case, despite the implications of Mr Waddell and others, for many cases of low back pain; for instance it would be interesting to know whether, taking the figures they quote, the 3700 of those undergoing surgery for sciatica who were found to have normal discs but obtained complete relief were experiencing more than a placebo effect.Also rather than seeing illness behaviour and disease processes in hierarchical terms, as they suggest, it might be more helpful to consider them as interacting processes.I believe it is only in this way that it will be possible to understand many psychosomatic disorders-for example, anorexia nervosa- and also many cases of low back pain.
Supernatants from cultured human epidermal keratinocytes stimulate angiogenesis
Authors: R.L. BARNHILL, E.K. PARKINSON, T.J. RYAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Conditioned media from three different strains of human epidermal keratinocytes in culture were assayed on the chorioallantoic membrane of the chick embryo. Vascular responses were examined 4 days later stereo-microscopically and compared with controls--unconditioned medium and medium incubated with 3T3 cells. Specimens were also collected after 1, 2, 3 and 4 days for serial histological examination. Media from all three strains of keratinocytes stimulated statistically significant vascular growth relative to controls. Leukocytic infiltration was not demonstrated histologically at any time. In addition, quantitation of ectodermal epithelial hyperplasia in experimental groups did not reveal any significant difference when compared with controls. These results have demonstrated that epidermis may directly encourage vascular growth in the absence of significant inflammation.
The Lotus Lovers: The Complete History of the Curious Erotic Custom of Footbinding in China
Authors: Bernadine Z. Paulshock
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Several years ago, while I was visiting China, an extremely elderly woman scuttled across my path at one of the tourist sites near Shanghai. Her sparse hair was white, she was wearing the already rarely seen black cotton pajamas, and her feet were amazingly tiny, smaller than any I had ever seen on an adult. Her little slippers were flat and black, and under white socks great humps of something protruded anteriorly and posteriorly above her shoes. I knew I had been lucky enough to see a vanishing anachronism, a Chinese woman with bound feet. I wished desperately that I could see what it was anatomically that bulged her socks fore and aft.  Why did Chinese women bind their feet until the custom, prevalent among rich and poor, was prohibited by succeeding Chinese governments, but most forcibly those of the last 50 years? Until this book, little systematic study has
Care of dying review shows shortcomings in palliative care
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Most hospitals have not put in place some of the fundamental elements needed to help ensure a “good” death for patients, such as seven day access to specialist palliative care and mandatory training for staff caring for dying patients, an audit led by the Royal College of Physicians has found.

The audit was funded by Marie Curie Cancer Care and Public Health England, and its findings, published on 15 May, showed that just one in five hospitals (21%) had face to face palliative care services available seven days a week, despite a longstanding recommendation that they be provided.1 Most hospitals (73%) provided face to face services on weekdays only.

Mandatory training in caring for dying patients was a requirement for doctors at only 19% of trusts and for nurses at only 28%. In the past year, 18% had provided no such training at all.

The audit’s report, The National Care of the Dying Audit for Hospitals , recommended that hospitals should provide face to face specialist palliative care services at least from 9 am to 5 pm, seven days …
684 IMPACT OF REGIONAL Foxp3 EXPRESSION WITHIN THE TUMOR MICROENVIRONMENT ON TUMOR BIOLOGY AND MORTALITY IN HEPATITIS B-ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Q. Wang, W. Luan, M.I. Fiel, S. Blank, H. Kadri, K.W. Kim, S.P. Hiotis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
628 A MULTICENTER, RANDOMIZED, DOUBLE-BLIND, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL TO EVALUTE THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF TOLVAPTAN ON HYPONATREMIA IN CHINESE CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS
Authors: J. Jia, H.F. Wang, J. Cheng, W. Ye, H. Ding, C. Deng, Z. Gai, G. Wang, H. Zhu, C. Chen, G. Gong, D. Zhang, Q. Xie, M. Wan, X. Cai, J. Li, R. Shi, Q. Mao, Y. Chen, J. Guo, J. Niu, H. Wang, M. Zeng
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Single-Molecule PCR Analysis of Germ Line Mutation Induction by Anticancer Drugs in Mice
Authors: Colin D. Glen, Andrew G. Smith, Yuri E. Dubrova
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Understanding and estimating the genetic hazards of exposure to chemical mutagens and anticancer drugs in humans requires the development of efficient systems for monitoring germ line mutation. The suitability of a single-molecule PCR–based approach for monitoring mutation induction at the mouse expanded simple tandem repeat (ESTR) locus Ms6-hm by chemical mutagens and anticancer drugs has been validated. The frequency of ESTR mutation was evaluated in the germ line of male mice exposed to the well-characterized alkylating agent and mutagen, ethylnitrosourea, and four widely used anticancer drugs, bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, mitomycin C, and procarbazine. The dose-response of ethylnitrosourea-induced mutation was found to be very close to that previously established using a pedigree-based approach for ESTR mutation detection. Paternal exposure to the clinically relevant doses of bleomycin (15–30 mg/kg), cyclophosphamide (40–80 mg/kg), and mitomycin C (2.5–5 mg/kg) led to statistically significant, dose-dependent increases in ESTR mutation frequencies in the germ line of treated male mice. Exposure to procarbazine led to a maximal increase in mutation frequency at 50 mg/kg, with a plateau at the higher concentrations. The results of this study show that the single-molecule PCR technique provides a new and efficient experimental system for monitoring the genetic effects of anticancer drugs, capable of detecting increases in mutation rates at clinically relevant doses of exposure. In addition, this approach dramatically reduces the number of mice needed for the measurement of germ line mutation induction. [Cancer Res 2008;68(10):3630–6]
Early Nonrecurrent Idiopathic Pulmonary Hemosiderosis in an Adult
Authors: Wendell E. Smith, Robert Fienberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

IDIOPATHIC pulmonary hemosiderosis is a rare disease in a young adult and until recently was diagnosed only at post-mortem examination. Browning and Houghton1 have reviewed the English literature, finding only 3 adult cases, and added 3 adult cases in their report. Recently, Soergel2 surveyed the entire literature, reporting only 12 documented cases in adults. Only 1 case3 has been reported in an adult over the age of thirty at onset of symptoms.The following case is reported because it is unusual for the disease to have a rapidly fatal outcome without recurrent manifestations and also because its occurrence in a . . .
The role of up-front radiation therapy for incompletely resected pediatric WHO grade II low-grade gliomas1
Authors: Kavita K. Mishra, Dev R. Puri, Brian T. Missett, Kathleen R. Lamborn, Michael D. Prados, Mitchel S. Berger, Anuradha Banerjee, Nalin Gupta, William M. Wara, Daphne A. Haas-Kogan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2006)

The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of early radiation therapy and extent of surgical resection on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in children with WHO grade II low-grade gliomas (LGGs). We conducted a historical cohort study of 90 patients, ages 21 or younger, diagnosed with WHO grade II LGGs between 1970 and 1995. Median follow-up for surviving patients was 9.4 years (range, 0.5–22.6 years). Tests for variables correlating with OS and PFS were conducted by using log-rank tests and Cox proportional hazards models. Eleven patients underwent gross total resections (GTRs), 43 had subtotal resections, and 34 underwent biopsy only at diagnosis. Two patients underwent biopsy at time of recurrence. Of the 90 patients, 52 received radiation as part of their initial therapy following diagnosis (early-RT group). The overall five-year PFS and OS rates ± SE were 56% ± 5% and 90% ± 3%, respectively. Ten-year PFS and OS rates were 42% ± 6% and 81% ± 5%, respectively. For patients older than three years and without GTRs, administration of early radiation did not appear to influence PFS or OS (P = 0.98 and P = 0.40, respectively; log-rank test). This was confirmed by multivariate analyses (P = 0.95 and P = 0.33 for PFS and OS, respectively). Of the 11 patients with GTRs, disease progressed in only two, and all were alive with no evidence of disease at last follow-up. Patients who underwent GTRs had significantly longer PFS (P = 0.02), but did not have significantly improved OS. Excellent long-term survival rates were achieved for children with WHO grade II LGGs. We were unable to demonstrate a benefit for administering radiation as part of initial treatment. An outcome benefit was seen with greater extent of resection.
Neuronal apoptosis linked to EglN3 prolyl hydroxylase and familial pheochromocytoma genes: Developmental culling and cancer
Authors: Sungwoo Lee, Eijiro Nakamura, Haifeng Yang, Wenyi Wei, Michelle S. Linggi, Mini P. Sajan, Robert V. Farese, Robert S. Freeman, Bruce D. Carter, William G. Kaelin, Susanne Schlisio
Journal: Cancer Cell (2005)
The larger bronchi in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis: a morphometric study
Authors: C. Edwards, A Carlile
Journal: Thorax (1982)

In a morphometric study of the main, lobar, and segmental bronchi of the left lung in nine cases of cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis the quantity of gland was found to be significantly greater than in a group of normal controls, and similar to that of a group of patients with chronic bronchitis. The quantity of muscle was also increased, amounts in the segmental bronchi being higher than in the bronchitic patients. The cause of these changes is uncertain, but they seem likely to be due to proximal extension of repeated and persistent infection of the lung parenchyma.
Independent clones at separable stages of differentiation, bearing different GATA1 mutations, in the same TMD patient with Down syndrome
Authors: Jürgen Groet, Claire Mulligan, Monica Spinelli, Anna Serra, Suzanne McElwaine, Finbarr E. Cotter, Franca Dagna-Bricarelli, Giuseppe Saglio, Giuseppe Basso, Dean Nizetic
Journal: Blood (2005)
Chk2 Phosphorylation of Survivin-ΔEx3 Contributes to a DNA Damage–Sensing Checkpoint in Cancer
Authors: Alessia Lopergolo, Michele Tavecchio, Sofia Lisanti, Jagadish C. Ghosh, Takehiko Dohi, Alice Faversani, Valentina Vaira, Silvano Bosari, Nobuhiko Tanigawa, Domenico Delia, Andrew V. Kossenkov, Louise C. Showe, Dario C. Altieri
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Survivin is an oncogene that functions in cancer cell cytoprotection and mitosis. Here we report that differential expression in cancer cells of a C-terminal splice variant of survivin, termed survivin-ΔEx3, is tightly associated with aggressive disease and markers of unfavorable prognosis. In contrast to other survivin variants, survivin-ΔEx3 localized exclusively to nuclei in tumor cells and was phosphorylated at multiple residues by the checkpoint kinase Chk2 during DNA damage. Mutagenesis of the Chk2 phosphorylation sites enhanced the stability of survivin-ΔEx3 in tumor cells, inhibited the expression of phosphorylated H2AX (γH2AX) in response to double-strand DNA breaks, and impaired growth after DNA damage. DNA damage induced Chk2 phosphorylation, stabilization of p53, induction of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, and homologous recombination–induced repair were not affected. In vivo, active Chk2 was detected at the earliest stages of the colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma transition, persisted in advanced tumors, and correlated with increased survivin expression. Together, our findings suggest that Chk2-mediated phosphorylation of survivin-ΔEx3 contributes to a DNA damage–sensing checkpoint that may affect cancer cell sensitivity to genotoxic therapies. Cancer Res; 72(13); 3251–9. ©2012 AACR.
Remarks on Cases of Renal Surgery
Authors: W. Stokes
Journal: BMJ (1895)

As the surgery of the kidney occupies so prominent a place among the many developments of modern surgery, I feel confident the following cases will be deemed worthy of record:MOVABLz KIDNEY: LAPAROTOMY: RECOVERY.A. M., aged 42, by occupation a fisherman, of temperate habits, and residing at Greystones, co.Wicklow, was admitted into the Meath Hospital on October 7th, 1893.He complained of great pain in the abdomen, and stated he had been ill for upwards of five weeks.A large-sized tumour, somewhat ovoid or kidney-shaped, and freely movable, was found in the umbilical region.It was smooth on its surface, and hard; and could be pushed upwards, downwards, and backwards, but not from side to side.On pressing it back- wards it could be made to disappear altogether.His suffer- ing, which used to occur in violent paroxysms, was extreme.On one occasion, shortly after his admission into hospital.Mr. Alfred Power, the resident surgeon, was summoned to the medical wards, where he was placed when he first came to the hospital, under the care of Dr. J. W. Moore, on account of the extreme severity of his symptoms.He found him sit- ting up in bed with the bedclothes all tossed about him, and a look of intense agony on his face.His pupils were dilated, and large beads of perspiration were on the forehead and nose.His legs were drawn up, and his arms crossed, and pressed tightly against his abdomen.At times he screamed
Early Postoperative Outcomes and Blood Product Utilization in Adult Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Stacia M. DeSantis, J. Matthew Toole, John M. Kratz, Walter E. Uber, Margaret J. Wheat, Martha R. Stroud, John S. Ikonomidis, Francis G. Spinale
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Aprotinin was a commonly used pharmacological agent for homeostasis in cardiac surgery but was discontinued, resulting in the extensive use of lysine analogues. This study tested the hypothesis that early postoperative adverse events and blood product utilization would affected in this post-aprotinin era. Methods and Results— Adult patients (n=781) undergoing coronary artery bypass, valve replacement, or both from November 1, 2005, to October 31, 2008, at a single institution were included. Multiple logistic regression modeling and propensity scoring were performed on 29 preoperative and intraoperative variables in patients receiving aprotinin (n=325) or lysine analogues (n=456). The propensity-adjusted relative risk (RR) for the intraoperative use of packed red blood cells (RR, 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.57 to 0.99), fresh frozen plasma (RR, 0.37; 95% CI, 0.21 to 0.64), and cryoprecipitate (RR:0.06; 95% CI, 0.02 to 0.22) were lower in the aprotinin versus lysine analog group (all P &lt;0.05). The risk for mortality (RR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.16 to 1.79) and neurological events (RR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.35 to 2.18) remained similar between groups, whereas a trend for reduced risk for renal dysfunction was observed in the aprotinin group. Conclusions— In the post-aprotinin era, with the exclusive use of lysine analogues, the relative risk of early postoperative outcomes such as mortality and renal dysfunction have not improved, but the risk for the intraoperative use of blood products has increased. Thus, improvements in early postoperative outcomes have not been realized with the discontinued use of aprotinin, but rather increased blood product use has occurred with the attendant costs and risks inherent with this strategy.