tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3928: Different characteristic features of mitochondrial microsatellite instability in keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Jae-Ho Lee, Dae-Kwang Kim, Ju-Hwan Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Keratoacanthoma (KA) as a common cutaneous neoplasm often resembles typical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) clinically and historically. Several studies have attempted to find alternative methods to distinguish between KA and SCC, however, these did not appear to play a significant role in these tumors. To contribute to a better understanding of these tumors, we studied mitochondrial microsatellite instability (mtMSI) in KA and SCC. DNA was isolated from paired normal and tumoral tissues in 42 patients with KA and 43 patients with SCC. MtMSI was analyzed by using eight microsatellite markers. MtMSI was found in 8 (19%) of 42 KA patients and 7 (16.3%) of 43 SCC patients, respectively. MtMSI has been observed in different location depending on tumors. In KA patients, mtMSI has been detected mostly in the (CA)n of the D-loop region (7/42, 16.7%), in contrast, all of SCC patient had mtMSI in the (C)n of the D-loop region (7/43, 16.3%). Similar frequency of mtMSI was found in KA and SCC, however, their different characteristics support the current concept that KA and SCC have different pathogenetic pathways for their developments. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3928. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3928
Diabetic renal disease: differences between Asian and white patients
Authors: I Jialal
Journal: BMJ (1986)

pattern of mental handicap, with an explanation about the as yet himted predictive value of these.The problems with predictive testing are a fturther example of the ethical difficulties which beset research workers.It is becoming increasingly obvious that the division between clinical and research work is not clear and that the guidelines for the research worker's responsibility to his clients need better definition.
Acute onset of juvenile myelodysplastic syndrome mimicking thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and rapidly evolving in overt myeloid leukemia
Authors: G. Leone, Simona Sica, Valerio De Stefano, Luciana Teofili, Luigi M. Larocca, Giuseppe d'Onofrio, Marcella Zollino
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1992)
New Vaccine Decreases Rate of Nosocomial Infections
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5555: Quantitative Proteomic Profiling of Matched Normal and Tumor Breast Tissues
Authors: Chris Sutton, Nitin Rustogi, Andrew Scally, Cemal Gurkan, Maria Loizidou, Andreas Hadjisavvas, Kyriacos Kyriacou
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction - Quantitative proteomic profiling of breast tissue has proven difficult due to its inherent histological complexity. Substantial differences in stroma, vasculature and cellular composition of normal and tumors have further exacerbated analysis. In order to address these issues, a novel strategy for proteomics analysis was developed to determine differences between normal and disease tissue and between patients with adenoma and invasive carcinoma. Methods - A dual lysis buffer method for extracting proteins, in combination with sonication, was used to maximise recovery from normal and diseased breast biopsies. Protein extracts from matched normal breast and tumors of three patients (one with adenoma and two with invasive carcinoma) were trypsin-digested, were iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation) labelled, pooled and the resulting peptide mixture separated using isoelectricfocusing in the first dimension and reverse phase nanoHPLC in the second dimension. The eluate from nanoHPLC was collected onto matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation plates, analysed by MALDI MS and MS/MS, the subsequent data searched against a sequence database to identify proteins in the original sample. Results - A total of 481 proteins with associated normal: tumor iTRAQ ratios for each patient. iTRAQ ratios were indicative of increased or decreased levels of each protein in tumor compared to normal tissue. Proteins were categorised by location as blood (13% of the identified proteins), extracellular (12%) and cellular (75%). The average ratios for each group of proteins provided a gross indication of the relative levels of each tissue component in the matched normal and tumor biopsies and demonstrated marked difference in adenoma compared to invasive carcinoma. iTRAQ ratios were normalised to enable comparison of significantly changed proteins between patients. There were many cellular proteins in common between the two invasive carcinoma patients (54 increased and 51 decreased in tumors) but few between either of the invasive carcinoma patients and the adenoma patient. Discussion - A number of proteins significantly increased or decreased have previously been associated with breast cancer (Tropomyosin beta chain, Periostin, Small breast epithelial mucin and Breast cancer estrogen-inducible protein were increased and Selenium-binding protein 1, Secreted frizzled-related protein 1 precursor and Kinectin were decreased), supporting the approach we have developed for proteomics analysis of breast tissues. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5555.
EXERCISE TESTING ADDS PROGNOSTIC VALUE TO DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS WITH SIGNIFICANT TYPE II MITRAL REGURGITATION
Authors: Priya Kohli, Vera Rigolin, Andrew Kott, Robert Bonow, Brittany Lapin, Nausheen Akhter, Jyothy Puthumana
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Pathogenesis of Amniotic-Fluid Embolism
Authors: Benjamin H. Landing
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THE syndrome of acute fatal amniotic-fluid embolism in parturient women, although relatively rare, is adequately described in the literature,1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 and the occurrence of nonfatal cases has been suggested.7 Since the mechanism of entrance of the amniotic fluid into the maternal circulation has been unexplained in most of the cases reported, some writers have postulated that vessels of the placental site are often the point of entrance. However, a recent demonstration of entrance of amniotic fluid into areas of premature separation of the placenta10 has served to call attention to this problem again and to focus it on cases with abnormal . . .
Incidence of a first thromboembolic event in asymptomatic carriers of high-risk antiphospholipid antibody profile: a multicenter prospective study
Authors: Vittorio Pengo, Amelia Ruffatti, Cristina Legnani, Sophie Testa, Tiziana Fierro, Francesco Marongiu, Valeria De Micheli, Paolo Gresele, Marta Tonello, Angelo Ghirarduzzi, Elisa Bison, Gentian Denas, Alessandra Banzato, Seena Padayattil Jose, Sabino Iliceto
Journal: Blood (2011)
Does Apo2L/TRAIL play any physiologic role in osteoclastogenesis?
Authors: Agatha Labrinidis, Vasilios Liapis, Le M. Thai, Gerald J. Atkins, Cristina Vincent, Shelley Hay, Natalie A. Sims, Andrew C. W. Zannettino, David M. Findlay, Andreas Evdokiou
Journal: Blood (2008)
Time to review all the evidence for hormone replacement therapy
Authors: Fay Crawford, Peter Langhorne
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The meta-analysis by Bath and Gray provides evidence that hormone replacement therapy does not confer any protection against stroke in postmenopausal women but increases their risk of stroke.1 These observations add to a rapidly expanding literature on the potential hazards and benefits of the therapy.2

The women's health initiative trial contributes well over half of the current trial data, and its findings dominate the meta-analysis. The women's health initiative trial sought to assess the risks and benefits of three separate interventions—a low fat diet, hormone replacement therapy, and calcium supplements—in 64 500 women over …
Overview of the use of terbinafine (Lamisil®) in children
Authors: T. C. JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

This review summarizes the efficacy and tolerability of terbinafine (Lamisil®) in the treatment of dermatophytoses in children. In six clinical studies, 152 children who received terbinafine were evaluable for efficacy and 196 were evaluable for tolerability. In these studies, terbinaline was used for between 1 and 28 weeks. The median treatment was 4 weeks, the duration of treatment in the tinea capitis studies. As a result of extensive experience in adults at doses of 10 mg/kg and less, and the overall pharmacokinetic profile in children, including the lower volume of distribution of terbinafine into lipophilic tissue, the use of a dose of 125 mg/day for children weighing 20–40 kg, and 62.5 mg/day in children weighing less than 20 kg, has been proposed. This dose was shown to be well tolerated and effective. For children weighing >40kg, the adult dose of 250mg is appropriate. Terbinafine was shown to be very effective (93% cured), in the treatment of children with tinea capitis, using a shorter treatment duration (4 weeks) than that usually employed with presently available antifungal drugs. It is also effective in children with various dermatophyte infections of the skin, with a cure rate of more than 90%. Terbinafine was shown to be well tolerated in children aged between 2 and 17 years. The recommended duration of treatment for tinea capitis is 4 weeks. The recommended duration of treatment for other skin or nail dermatophyte infections, based on extensive studies in adults, and confirmed in children, is 2 weeks for tinea corporis and tinea pedis, 6 weeks for finger-nail onychomycosis and 12 weeks for toe-nail onychomycosis.
UK health secretary wants to liberate nurses' talents
Authors: L. Beecham
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The UK health secretary has set out a package of reforms, which he believes will put nurses atthe centre of the modernisation of the NHS.

Speaking at the Royal College of Nursing's annual congress last week, Alan Milburn said that he wanted a health service that “liberates nurses not limits them,” and because the NHS was patient centred it was also nurse centred. A dozen nurses would be working on the teams set up to tackle the challenges set by the prime minister (1 April, p 889).

Nurse …
Diagnosis and Management of Pain Syndromes
Authors: Thomasina Blissard
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The author has willingly, even purposely, foregone the academician's approach to this subject, an approach which would doubtless have produced a more thorough (and theoretical) discussion of each syndrome than is actually presented. His concern has rather been, as a neurosurgeon, to communicate to other physicians the results of his treatment methods in clinical practice. The stated purpose in preparing this monograph was "to provide a practical and useful guide to the management of the pain problems commonly encountered in practice." Emphasis should be placed on the terms<i>practical and useful</i>, for a major virtue of the book lies in its appeal to the clinician, who is daily confronted with patients complaining of pain. Various pain syndromes are presented according to anatomical location. Besides consideration of such classical and often persistently troublesome syndromes as headache, facial pain, and sciatica, the volume contains chapters on reflex dystrophies, painful scars, and intractable
Oral Contraceptives in Acute Viral Hepatitis
Authors: Irvin L. Schweitzer
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Thirty-four women took oral contraceptives during a major part, or throughout the course, of acute viral hepatitis. The acute illness and sequelae during the following year were compared to those of 34 matched control women with acute viral hepatitis who never took oral contraceptives. Statistical and clinical analysis showed no difference in severity of acute illness or frequency of sequelae. These findings suggest that oral contraceptives are not detrimental when taken during a course of acute viral hepatitis.
Hereditary spastic paraplegia proteins REEP1, spastin, and atlastin-1 coordinate microtubule interactions with the tubular ER network
Authors: Seong H. Park, Peng-Peng Zhu, Rell L. Parker, Craig Blackstone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs; SPG1–45) are inherited neurological disorders characterized by lower extremity spastic weakness. More than half of HSP cases result from autosomal dominant mutations in atlastin-1 (also known as SPG3A), receptor expression enhancing protein 1 (REEP1; SPG31), or spastin (SPG4). The atlastin-1 GTPase interacts with spastin, a microtubule-severing ATPase, as well as with the DP1/Yop1p and reticulon families of ER-shaping proteins, and SPG3A caused by atlastin-1 mutations has been linked pathogenically to abnormal ER morphology. Here we investigated SPG31 by analyzing the distribution, interactions, and functions of REEP1. We determined that REEP1 is structurally related to the DP1/Yop1p family of ER-shaping proteins and localizes to the ER in cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons, where it colocalizes with spastin and atlastin-1. Upon overexpression in COS7 cells, REEP1 formed protein complexes with atlastin-1 and spastin within the tubular ER, and these interactions required hydrophobic hairpin domains in each of these proteins. REEP proteins were required for ER network formation in vitro, and REEP1 also bound microtubules and promoted ER alignment along the microtubule cytoskeleton in COS7 cells. A SPG31 mutant REEP1 lacking the C-terminal cytoplasmic region did not interact with microtubules and disrupted the ER network. These data indicate that the HSP proteins atlastin-1, spastin, and REEP1 interact within the tubular ER membrane in corticospinal neurons to coordinate ER shaping and microtubule dynamics. Thus, defects in tubular ER shaping and network interactions with the microtubule cytoskeleton seem to be the predominant pathogenic mechanism of HSP.
Should Patients with Drug-Resistant HIV-1 Continue to Receive Antiretroviral Therapy?
Authors: Lisa M. Frenkel, James I. Mullins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

The ultimate goal of antiretroviral therapy for patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is to cure the infection. Failing that, the objective is to stop the progression of the disease and allow the immune system some degree of recovery. Failing that, therapy is used to slow the disease process and buy patients time, during which new and better therapies may be discovered.The strong correlation between the amount of HIV-1 circulating in the blood and the rate at which AIDS develops1 has allowed measurements of viral RNA in the blood plasma to be used as a ready . . .
A Randomized Trial of Aspirin to Prevent Colorectal Adenomas in Patients with Previous Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Robert S. Sandler, Susan Halabi, John A. Baron, Susan Budinger, Electra Paskett, Roger Keresztes, Nicholas Petrelli, J. Marc Pipas, Daniel D. Karp, Charles L. Loprinzi, Gideon Steinbach, Richard Schilsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Experimental studies in animals and observational studies in humans suggest that regular aspirin use may decrease the risk of colorectal adenomas, the precursors to most colorectal cancers.
Oxygenation in Patients With a Functionally Univentricular Circulation and Complete Mixing of Blood
Authors: Darrel P. Francis, Keith Willson, Sara A. Thorne, L. Ceri Davies, Andrew J. S. Coats
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Perioperative management of patients with complete mixing of pulmonary and systemic blood centers on approximately equating pulmonary (Qp) and systemic (Qs) blood flow (Qp/Qs≈1). This empirically derived target is opposed by theoretical studies advocating a target Qp/Qs well below 1. We studied the cause of this persistent discrepancy. Methods and Results —Classic theoretical studies have concentrated on maximizing 1 of many potential combination parameters of arterial oxygen content (Ca o 2 ) and systemic blood flow: total oxygen delivery (D o 2 )=Ca o 2 ×Qs. We defined “useful” oxygen delivery as the amount of oxygen above a notional saturation threshold (Sat Thresh ): D(u) o 2 =carrying capacity×(Sa o 2 −Sat Thresh )×Qs. Whereas D o 2 peaks at Qp/Qs ratios &lt;1, D(u) o 2 peaks at higher Qp/Qs ratios, nearer to (or exceeding) 1. Systemic venous saturation (which mirrors tissue oxygen tension) peaks at Qp/Qs=1. Conclusions —First, the standard model of single-ventricle physiology can be reexpressed in a form allowing analysis by differential calculus, which allows broader conclusions to be drawn than does computer modeling alone. Second, the classic measure D o 2 fails to reflect the fact that proportional changes in saturation and flow are not clinically equivalent. Recognizing this asymmetry by using D(u) o 2 can give a target Qp:Qs balance that better represents clinical experience. Finally, to avoid an arbitrary choice of Sat Thresh , systemic venous oxygen saturation (Ssv o 2 ) may be a useful parameter to maximize: this occurs at a Qp/Qs ratio of 1. Attempts to increase D o 2 by altering Qp/Qs away from this value will inevitably reduce Ssv o 2 and therefore tissue oxygenation. Oxygen delivery is far from synonymous with tissue oxygen status.
Legal Intervention During Pregnancy-Reply
Authors: Raymond C. Grandon
Journal: JAMA (1991)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— In its report on legal interventions during pregnancy, the Board of Trustees concluded that physicians should not seek to override a pregnant woman's refusal of treatment unless three criteria are satisfied: (1) the treatment poses an insignificant—or no— health risk to the woman; (2) the treatment entails no more than a minimal invasion of the woman's bodily integrity; and (3) the treatment would clearly prevent substantial and irreversible harm to the fetus. Cesarean section entails more than a minimal invasion of the woman's bodily integrity.Although Chervenak and McCullough present a compelling scenario for intervention, there are important reasons why the board disagrees. Individuals have a fundamental interest in controlling invasions of their bodily integrity. Thus, while courts allow minor intrusions, like vaccinations or blood tests, and a few women have been required to undergo cesarean sections, courts have not required anyone other than a pregnant woman to
The Swan-Ganz Catheters: Past, Present, and Future
Authors: Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: Circulation (2009)

The Swan-Ganz balloon flotation catheter was introduced in 1970. It can be placed at the bedside within a few minutes even in critically ill patients. Although placement of these catheters is not difficult, some training and experience are required to avoid complications and for proper interpretation of the hemodynamic data that can be obtained by pulmonary artery catheterization. Because of the many advantages of balloon flotation catheters compared with conventional catheters, they have been used without a proper indication and frequently overused in critical care units, resulting in many complications, including mortality. The prospective randomized trials have reported that in the majority of clinical circumstances, the routine use of balloon flotation catheters is not indicated. These results are not surprising because balloon flotation catheters are diagnostic and not therapeutic tools. That we have learned a great deal about hemodynamics in critically ill patients with the use of balloon flotation catheters should not be ignored or forgotten. Furthermore, our clinical knowledge of hemodynamics has been made possible because of extensive experience gained from directly determined hemodynamics with the use of balloon flotation catheters. It should also be realized that despite the introduction and refinement of newer noninvasive imaging modalities, a number of clinical circumstances exist in which determination of hemodynamics with the use of a balloon flotation catheter is necessary and should be considered, but only by experienced physicians. With the proper use of Swan-Ganz catheters, our knowledge of hemodynamics has been enhanced considerably. Its abuse, particularly by relatively inexperienced operators, has resulted in serious complications, including death. Prospective randomized clinical trials have demonstrated that the routine use of Swan-Ganz catheters does not provide any benefit. However, use of the Swan-Ganz catheter is still indicated in many situations.
Effect of Systemic Ph, Pco2 and Bicarbonate Concentration on Biliary Bicarbonate Secretion in the Rat
Authors: Michèle Corbic, Cristina Muñoz, Micheline Dumont, Ghislaine De Couët, Serge Erlinger
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

The effect of acute metabolic or respiratory acid-base disturbances on biliary bicarbonate secretion was examined in bile fistula rats. Animals were infused with ursodeoxycholate at a rate that stimulates bicarbonate secretion (1 mumole . min-1 X 100 gm-1), in control conditions and during acute acid-base disturbances. Metabolic acidosis or alkalosis were induced by HCl or NaHCO3 infusions, and respiratory acidosis or alkalosis were created respectively by adding CO2 to the inspired gas or by hyperventilation in artificially ventilated animals. Biliary bicarbonate concentration was always higher than plasma bicarbonate concentration. During metabolic disturbances, changing the plasma bicarbonate concentration from 9.2 to 30.2 mM stimulated biliary bicarbonate secretion by 113%. During respiratory disturbances, changing the plasma PCO2 from 25.5 to 59.8 mm Hg also increased biliary bicarbonate secretion by 89%. Biliary bicarbonate output was thus independent of plasma pH. When all animals were considered, bile flow was positively correlated with biliary bicarbonate concentration (r = 0.71, p less than 0.001). Acetazolamide significantly decreased ursodeoxycholate-induced bile flow and bicarbonate secretion by 20 and 22%, respectively. These results support the hypothesis that there is a relationship between ursodeoxycholate-induced bicarbonate secretion and bile flow. They are also consistent with the view that ursodeoxycholate-stimulated biliary bicarbonate secretion in the rat is strongly affected by plasma bicarbonate and PCO2, but not by plasma pH, and involves carbonic anhydrase.