tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Colin STBP-680 at rest and during exercise: an automated blood pressure monitor using R-wave gating.
Authors: V Bond, D R Bassett, E T Howley, J Lewis, A J Walker, P D Swan, R J Tearney, R G Adams
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1993)

The application of automated blood pressure measurement during exercise has been limited by inaccuracies introduced by the effects of accompanying motion and noise. We evaluated a newly developed automated blood pressure monitor for measuring exercise blood pressure (Colin STBP-680; Colin, San Antonio, Texas, USA). The STBP-680 uses acoustic transduction with the assistance of the electrocardiogram R-wave to trigger the sampling period for blood pressure measurement. The automated monitor readings were compared with simultaneous technician mercury sphygmomanometric readings in the same arm. Blood pressure was measured in 18 men at rest and during exercise at 40% VO2 peak, (low intensity), 70% VO2 peak (moderate intensity) and VO2 peak (high intensity) on the cycle ergometer. Mean(s.d.) systolic blood pressure difference between the automated monitor and mercury manometer readings at rest and during exercise at low, moderate and high work intensities were 3(0) mmHg, 3(2) mmHg, 1(1) mmHg, and 0(11) mmHg respectively (analysis of variance; P > 0.05). Resting diastolic blood pressure obtained with the STBP-680 was similar to the mercury manometer readings (78(10) versus 81(7) mmHg (P > 0.05). Exercise diastolic pressure at the low level of work intensity was almost identical between the automated monitor and mercury manometer readings (64(8) versus 65(10) mmHg (not significant)). Diastolic blood pressure readings between the STBP-680 and mercury manometer showed a greater difference at the moderate and high workloads (11 mmHg and 9 mmHg, respectively), but this difference was not significant (P > 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Simultaneous Demonstration of Pleural Effusion and Ascites by Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid Liver-Spleen Scintigraphy
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, PEGGY A. DOMSTAD, FRANK H. DeLAND, MARGUARITE PURCELL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Scintigraphic evidence of ascites has been observed in Tc-99m sulfur colloid studies of the liver and spleen, in Tc-99m HIDA hepatobiliary scans, in Ga-67 citrate scans, and in Tc-99m phosphonate bone images. Pleural effusion has been demonstrated in Tc-99m phosphonate bone scintigraphy. The case of a 48-year-old man whose Tc-99m sulfur colloid liver-spleen scintigram simultaneously demonstrated a right pleural effusion and ascites is presented.
IMMUNE-MODULATION BY POLYCLONAL IGM TREATMENT REDUCED ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC APOLIPOPROTEIN E-/- MICE
Authors: Paul C. Dimayuga, Fernando HY Cesena, Juliana Yano, Jonathan Kirzner, Xiaoning Zhao, Xiaojun Li, Portia Trinidad, Bojan Cercek, Prediman K. Shah, Kuang-Yuh Chyu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Interlevel connections and agent evolution should not be overlooked
Authors: Donald R. Franceschetti
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

A consideration of underlying neural dynamics and the evolutionary process producing cognitive agents should complement the development of dynamical models of behavior. The geometrical aspects of dynamical systems theory which make it useful in the description of systems acting in an environment are less useful in understanding agents interacting with a range of environments, and may call for supplementation by evolutionary insights.
Ethyl icosapentate (omega-3 fatty acid) causes accumulation of lipids in skeletal muscle but suppresses insulin resistance in OLETF rats
Authors: Masataka Kusunoki, Kazuhiko Tsutsumi, Tsutomu Hara, Hitoshi Ogawa, Takao Nakamura, Tetsuo Miyata, Fumihiko Sakakibara, Yoshitaka Fukuzawa, Takashi Suga, Koichi Kato, Yoshitumi Hirooka, Yutaka Nakaya
Journal: Metabolism (2003)
Hospitalization Rates for Coronary Heart Disease in Relation to Residence Near Areas Contaminated with Persistent Organic Pollutants and Other Pollutants
Authors: Alexander V. Sergeev, David O. Carpenter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Exposure to environmental pollutants may contribute to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). We determined the ZIP codes containing or abutting each of the approximately 900 hazardous waste sites in New York and identified the major contaminants in each. Three categories of ZIP codes were then distinguished: those containing or abutting sites contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs), those containing only other types of wastes ("other waste"), and those not containing any identified hazardous waste site ("clean"). Effects of residence in each of these ZIP codes on CHD and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) hospital discharge rates were assessed with a negative binomial model, adjusting for age, sex, race, income, and health insurance coverage. Patients living in ZIP codes contaminated with POPs had a statistically significant 15.0% elevation in CHD hospital discharge rates and a 20.0% elevation in AMI discharge rates compared with clean ZIP codes. In neither of the comparisons were rates in other-waste sites significantly greater than in clean sites. In a subset of POP ZIP codes along the Hudson River, where average income is higher and there is less smoking, better diet, and more exercise, the rate of hospitalization for CHD was 35.8% greater and for AMI 39.1% greater than in clean sites. Although the cross-sectional design of the study prevents definite conclusions on causal inference, the results indirectly support the hypothesis that living near a POP-contaminated site constitutes a risk of exposure and of development of CHD and AMI.
Federated Council of Internal Medicine's Resource Guide for Residency Education
Authors: Allan D. Tachauer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 May 1998Federated Council of Internal Medicine's Resource Guide for Residency EducationAllan D. Tachauer, MDAllan D. Tachauer, MDRavenswood Hospital Medical Center; Chicago, IL 60640Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-9-199805010-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The publication of the Federated Council of Internal Medicine's resource guide to curriculum development [1] is an exciting event. This guide should achieve unity across all training programs while still allowing for individual variations. My colleagues and I recently revised the curriculum at our institution and, after long discussions, decided to add two areas of competency. One is alternative and complementary medicine, in which the residents will learn about classification (as developed by the Office of Alternative Medicine of the National Institutes of Health); possible interaction between alternative medicine and allopathic medicine; and, more important, where to ...References1. Ende J, Kelley M, Sox H. The Federated Council of Internal Medicine's resource guide for residency education: an instrument for curricular change. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:454-7. Google Scholar2. Eisenberg DM, Kessler RC, Foster C, Norlock FE, Calkins DR, Delbanco TL. Unconventional medicine in the United States. Prevalence, costs, and patterns of use. N Engl J Med. 1993; 328:246-52. Google Scholar3. Charon R, Banks JT, Connelly JE, Hawkins AH, Hunter KM, Jones AH, et al. Literature and medicine: contributions to clinical practice. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:599-606. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ravenswood Hospital Medical Center; Chicago, IL 60640 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 9Page: 787KeywordsComplementary and alternative medicineHealth information technologyResidency Issue Published: 1 May 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Prevention of Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Authors: Laura R. Ment
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Although recent advances in perinatal care have brought steady improvement in the mortality rates among small and critically ill preterm neonates, the incidence of major neurodevelopmental abnormalities in this population of patients has remained essentially unchanged over the past decade.1 Increasing attention, therefore, has been paid to early identification of infants, such as those with parenchymal involvement by intraventricular hemorrhage, who are believed to be at risk for later neurodevelopmental handicaps.Intraventricular hemorrhage, or hemorrhage into the germinal-matrix tissues with possible rupture into the ventricular system and parenchymal involvement of the developing cerebrum, remains a common problem in preterm neonates. . . .
An IL13 coding region variant is associated with a high total serum IgE level and atopic dermatitis in the German Multicenter Atopy Study (MAS-90)
Authors: Xin Liu, Renate Nickel, Kirsten Beyer, Ulrich Wahn, Eva Ehrlich, Linda R. Freidhoff, Bengt Björkstén, Terri H. Beaty, Shau-Ku Huang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
HIF2α cooperates with RAS to promote lung tumorigenesis in mice
Authors: William Y. Kim, Samanthi Perera, Bing Zhou, Julian Carretero, Jen Jen Yeh, Samuel A. Heathcote, Autumn L. Jackson, Petros Nikolinakos, Beatriz Ospina, George Naumov, Kathleyn A. Brandstetter, Victor J. Weigman, Sara Zaghlul, D. Neil Hayes, Robert F. Padera, John V. Heymach, Andrew L. Kung, Norman E. Sharpless, William G. Kaelin, Kwok-Kin Wong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

Members of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) family of transcription factors regulate the cellular response to hypoxia. In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), high HIF2alpha levels correlate with decreased overall survival, and inhibition of either the protein encoded by the canonical HIF target gene VEGF or VEGFR2 improves clinical outcomes. However, whether HIF2alpha is causal in imparting this poor prognosis is unknown. Here, we generated mice that conditionally express both a nondegradable variant of HIF2alpha and a mutant form of Kras (KrasG12D) that induces lung tumors. Mice expressing both Hif2a and KrasG12D in the lungs developed larger tumors and had an increased tumor burden and decreased survival compared with mice expressing only KrasG12D. Additionally, tumors expressing both KrasG12D and Hif2a were more invasive, demonstrated features of epithelial- mesenchymal transition (EMT), and exhibited increased angiogenesis associated with mobilization of circulating endothelial progenitor cells. These results implicate HIF2alpha causally in the pathogenesis of lung cancer in mice, demonstrate in vivo that HIF2alpha can promote expression of markers of EMT, and define HIF2alpha as a promoter of tumor growth and progression in a solid tumor other than renal cell carcinoma. They further suggest a possible causal relationship between HIF2alpha and prognosis in patients with NSCLC.
42. Resistance of Primary Ovarian Cancer Cells to Viral Oncolysis
Authors: Robert Strauss, Pavel Sova, Ying Liu, Zong YiLi, Nicole Urban, Charles Drescher, Nancy Kiviat, Andre Lieber
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

We investigated the mechanisms which confer resistance to viral oncolysis using a capsid-modified, conditionally replicating oncolytic adenovirus (Ad5/35.IR.E1A/TRAIL) and primary ovarian cancer cells. This vector targets tumor cells by binding through the adenovirus serotype 35 fiber to CD46, which is upregulated on most tumor cells in situ. Tumor-specific viral replication and TRAIL gene expression is achieved upon homologous recombination between inverted repeats (IR) in adenovirus genomes (Ad.IR). Ad5/35.IR- E1A/TRAIL was efficient in lysing a variety of established human tumor cell lines in vitro and in eliminating liver metastases in mouse models after intravenous injection. However, in experiments on primary ovarian cancer cell cultures derived from biopsies (N>30), we discovered that in a number of cultures, individual cells remained alive after infection with Ad5/35.IR.E1A/TRAIL, even when high doses of virus were applied. To enrich cultures for cells resistant to viral oncolysis we established a total of 120 cultures derived from single cell clones of a biopsy from a grade IV ovarian cancer patient. Resulting clonal cell cultures were tested for their level of infectibility, their ability to support viral replication and their susceptibility to viral oncolysis by Ad5/35.IR-E1A/TRAIL. We found that about 50% of clonal cultures contained cells resistant to cell lysis, whereby the mechanisms that cause resistance were complex and appeared to include reduced infectivity, reduced ability to support viral DNA replication, and inability to execute apoptosis. Using methylation- specific PCR we found the promoter of a number of cancer-associated genes methylated in resistant cells but not in susceptible cells. Based on this, we tested whether demethylation agents would increase the sensitivity to viral oncolysis. We demonstrated that enhanced viral oncolysis could be detected when Ad5/35.IR.E1A/TRAIL was used in combination with deacetylase inhibitor TSA (trichostatin A) and methyltransferase inhibitor DAC (5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine). We then focused on clones that could be efficiently infected with Ad5/35 vectors and performed genome-wide expression profiling of 15 clones with >90% resistant cells and 15 clones that were 100% susceptible to lysis by Ad5/35.IR-E1A/TRAIL using cDNA arrays. Examples of genes that were upregulated (in array and qRT-PCR analyses) in resistant cells were clusterin, lipocalin2, netrin4, epiregulin, claudin7, defensin beta1, inhibin betaB. We are currently using siRNA specific to these genes to test whether their down-regulation can overcome resistance to oncolysis and results will be reported. Furthermore, we are processing the array data by functional clustering to identify pathways that confer resistance. Our final goal is to "arm" our oncolytic vector with cDNA or siRNA expression cassettes that can sensitize tumor cells to virus and TRAIL mediated cell killing.
Matrix IGF-1 maintains bone mass by activation of mTOR in mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Lingling Xian, Xiangwei Wu, Lijuan Pang, Michael Lou, Clifford J Rosen, Tao Qiu, Janet Crane, Frank Frassica, Liming Zhang, Juan Pablo Rodriguez, Xiaofeng Jia, Shoshana Yakar, Shouhong Xuan, Argiris Efstratiadis, Mei Wan, Xu Cao
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Erythrocyte Catabolism by Macrophages In Vitro THE EFFECT OF HYDROCORTISONE ON ERYTHROPHAGOCYTOSIS AND ON THE INDUCTION OF HEME OXYGENASE
Authors: Diethard Gemsa, C. H. Woo, H. Hugh Fudenberg, Rudi Schmid
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

Phagocytosis of erythrocytes was studied in vitro in an incubation system consisting of rat peritoneal macrophages and antibody-coated (59)Fe-labeled erythrocytes. The system was characterized in terms of the rate and magnitude of erythrophagocytosis, determined by the interiorization of the (59)Fe label. On incubation of 150 x 10(6) macrophages with 75 x 10(6) antibodycoated erythrocytes, erythrophagocytosis began within a few minutes and was essentially completed after 2 h when 50% of the offered red cells had been ingested by the macrophages. Heme oxygenase (HO) activity, which is very low in native macrophages, increased 4- to 10- fold in response to the ingested erythrocytes; this enzyme stimulation occurred with a delay of 3 h in relation to erythrophagocytosis. Actinomycin D or puromycin prevented the increase of HO activity without affecting erythrophagocytosis, which suggests that the enzyme stimulation was due to substrate-mediated enzyme induction. Hydrocortisone (HC) (0.1 mg/ml medium) dissociated erythrophagocytosis from HO induction, leaving the former unimpaired but completely suppressing the latter. The suppressive effect of HC on the enzyme induction was completely prevented by 5 mg glucose and 0.02 U insulin/ml of the medium. In macrophages engaged in erythrophagocytosis. HC also lowered glucose removal from the medium and reduced formation of (14)CO(2) from [1-(14)C]glucose. These results suggest that induction of HO in macrophages by the hemoglobin of ingested erythrocytes requires intact transport or metabolism of glucose. Glucose utilization appears to be impaired by HC, but is restored by additional glucose and insulin. The findings suggest that plasma steroid concentrations in the pharmacological range could reduce bilirubin formation in phagocytic cells in vivo without affecting the sequestration and degradation of erythrocytes. This provides a possible explanation for the observation that in patients with hepatogenous jaundice, steroids often lower the serum bilirubin level.
Morbidity, mortality, and health-seeking behaviour in rural Senegal: local understanding and representation of disease across method of treatment
Authors: John Sandberg, Sadio Ba Gning, Loubna Belaid
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2014)

BackgroundEthnomedical nosologies in many parts of the world, including west Africa, encompass both naturalistic (related to mechanisms of contagion and pollution) and personalistic (related to spiritual and supernatural malevolence) causes that are at times fundamentally at odds with the biomedical model. We explored cultural models in a rural population in the Fatick region of Senegal related to the use of ethnomedical and biomedical therapies and examine dimensionality of schemas and associated behaviours motivating and affected by the choice of therapeutic model.MethodsWe collected innovative disease-narrative histories as part of the Niakhar Social Networks and Health Project (NSNHP) from more than 100 in-depth semistructured interviews held with a random sample of area residents aged 16–91 years. These interviews, transcribed and extensively coded for computer-assisted analysis, contain information about the use of interpersonal resources and helping around illnesses, symptomology, perceived causes of illness, and treatment options pursued, their costs, respondents' understanding of them, and their perceived efficacy. We compared schemas and behaviours surrounding treatment in biomedical institutions (pharmacies, health centres, and hospitals) with those in ethnomedical intuitional settings (traditional spiritual healers, ethnobotanical practitioners, oracles, and religious healers).FindingsHealth seeking behaviour in this population is not restricted exclusively to biomedical or ethnomedical treatment. Rather, individuals and families seek efficacious solutions to illness and medical crises from both sequentially or simultaneously, with indigenous cultural schemas concerning nosology supportive of both ethnomedical and to a lesser extent (particularly in the case of infectious disease) biomedical treatment. At the same time, we noted a near universal duality of cause and treatment; certain illnesses are perceived to be treatable only by ethnomedical, others only by biomedical therapy. We report that although perceived cause can affect choice of therapeutic venue, perceived efficacy of previous treatment (both proximal and within respondents' social networks) could be equally responsible for shaping schemas invoked by respondents when discussing their illness and choice of therapeutic venue.InterpretationInsights such as those gained here could be used to develop measures of cultural and ideational context for use in survey-based demographic and health research projects, using the example of the instrument developed for the NSNHP.FundingNational Institute of General Medical Sciences.
Abnormal vaginal discharge
Authors: R. Fahami
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A 29 year old woman complains of a one week history of thick, white, odourless vaginal discharge and vulval pruritus. There was no dyspareunia or abnormal vaginal bleeding. On examination, the abdomen is not tender, the vulva seems normal, and speculum examination reveals thick white discharge. View this table: Characteristics of different causes of abnormal vaginal discharge
The editors' farewell and a confident look back to the future
Authors: Anh Tuan Dinh-Xuan, Vito Brusasco
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The first issue of the European Respiratory Journal ( ERJ ) was published in January 1988 [1], 2 years before the birth of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) [2]. The ERJ was not an ex nihilo creation, neither was it a transformation from one single predecessor journal. Rather, the ERJ came to life from a remarkable joint effort of two distinct and yet complementary journals, namely the Bulletin Europeen de Physiopathologie Respiratoire and the European Journal of Respiratory Diseases , merging their scientific spirit [3] and human resources [4] to give birth to the present journal, which is now on the eve of celebrating its 25th birthday.

Prof. Erik Berglund and the late Prof. Jean-Claude Yernault [5] were the first joint chief editors of the journal. Together they set the ERJ in motion during its first 2 years (1988–1990). They were followed in their chief editorship by the late Prof. Paul Vermeire (1990–1995) [6], and subsequently by Profs Ulrich Costabel (1994–1999) [7], Marc Decramer (2000–2002) [8], and Peter Sterk and Klaus Rabe (2003–2008) [9]; all still are actively contributing to the journal as authors, reviewers and/or advisors.

When we started our editorship in January 2009, the ERJ was just entering its 21st year, a symbolic number that, not so long ago, also represented the starting point of adulthood and maturity for mankind [ …
Total suspended particulate matter and daily mortality in Cincinnati, Ohio.
Authors: J Schwartz
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Recent studies have associated particulate air pollution with daily mortality in a number of U.S. communities. This study sought to replicate those analyses in Cincinnati, Ohio, and to test the strength of the association to the deletion of days with extreme weather conditions and to sensitivity analyses in the analytical approach. This study demonstrates the use of graphical diagnostic procedures to assure adequate control for season and weather and to confirm that the risk is particularly elevated in the elderly and for deaths from pneumonia and cardiovascular disease. Daily total suspended particulate (TSP) concentrations were available in Cincinnati from 1977 to 1982. They were matched to daily counts of nonaccidental deaths, temperature, and dew point temperature. Poisson regression analysis controlled for seasonal and monthly variations and potentially nonlinear relationships to temperature and humidity. TSP was associated with increased risk of mortality. The relative risk for a 100 micrograms/m3 increase in TSP was 1.06 (95% CI = 1.03-1.10). The relative risk for the elderly was higher (1.09), as was the risk for pneumonia (1.18) and cardiovascular disease (1.08). The similarity to recently reported results in Philadelphia is striking. Given the consistent findings from multiple locations, the relationship should be considered causal.