tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Expression of CD90 on keratinocyte stem/progenitor cells
Authors: Y. Nakamura, Y. Muguruma, T. Yahata, H. Miyatake, D. Sakai, J. Mochida, T. Hotta, K. Ando
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background The identification and purification of keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) that are capable of self‐renewal and maintenance of differentiating cell populations could contribute both to our understanding of the biology of these cells, and to significant clinical applications, such as the culturing of keratinocytes for transplantation to severe burn wounds. Here, we report the detection of CD90+ cells in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes and adult skin. Objectives To investigate the biological function of CD90+ and CD90− keratinocytes. Methods CD90+ and CD90− keratinocytes were purified from adult skin and cultured keratinocytes using fluorescent activated cell sorting, and their biological abilities were analysed using both in vitro and in vivo assays. Results Flow cytometry (FCM) analysis identified approximately 18% of post‐primary neonatal keratinocytes as CD90+. However, during expansion of the culture, the expression level of CD90 rapidly decreased to about 2·5% at passage 10, while most of the keratinocytes maintained expression of α6 integrin. Purified CD90+ keratinocytes demonstrated a sixfold higher cell growth rate than CD90− cells and the ability to form large (over 3 mm in diameter) colonies. We then quantitatively evaluated both populations using a previously described in vivo human epidermal cyst formation assay. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)‐labelled CD90+ or CD90− keratinocytes were subcutaneously injected into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice. Six weeks after transplantation, EGFP+ cell clusters in human epidermal cysts were evaluated using image analysis software. EGFP+ cell cluster areas in the basal layer, derived from EGFP+ CD90+ cells, were eightfold larger than clusters of EGFP+ CD90− cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemical staining and FCM analysis indicated that CD90 was expressed in most of the basal layer of the normal human epidermis. Conclusions These results indicated that CD90 is a useful marker for the detection of human KSC‐enriched populations in cultured human keratinocytes.
Relative Antibacterial Activity of Three Penicillins
Authors: L. P. Garrod
Journal: BMJ (1960)

CHLOROTHIAZIDE IN HYPERTENSIONMBnWAiITJRNAT 527 considerable falls in blood-pressure.In two patients (Cases 4 and 13) no extra effect was produced by the addition of a ganglion-blocking drug.Case 4 had a grossly raised blood-pressure during the time she was receiving two dummies and developed a retinal haemorrhage within three weeks.The usefulness of chlorothiazide is therefore not confined to patients with only moderate degrees of hypertension.The Chart shows the correlation between the time that had elapsed since the last dose of chlorothiazide alone and the reduction in the standing systolic blood- pressure.A relationship of this kind may vitiate the results of any trial in which blood-pressure is recorded infrequently.In this 70 instance there was , 60 * an even distribution of times' between a. dosage and blood-]40-/pressure measurement, so that the 30 results may be 0 zcA,;
Aspirin‐intolerant asthma: role of cyclo‐oxygenase enzymes
Authors: C. Picado
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Aspirin-induced asthma and rhinitis (AIAR) appear to be precipitated by the inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase (COX). By inhibiting COX pathway aspirin diverts arachidonic acid metabolites to the lipoxygenase pathway. There are two isoforms of COX, namely COX-1 and COX-2. Metabolites derived from COX-1 are involved in cellular housekeeping functions. COX-2 can be induced in cells exposed to proinflammatory substances and growth factors. Recent studies have reported that patients with AIAR have decreased activity of COX-2 and lower production of PGE(2) in the upper airway and peripheral blood cells. Considering the protective effect of exogenous PGE(2) on aspirin-induced bronchoconstriction and the interdependence of PGE(2) and cisteinyl leukotriene production, a reduced PGE(2) synthesis may render aspirin-sensitive patients more susceptible to the inhibitory effect of NSAIDs drugs and also lead to an increase in cysteinyl leukotriene release.
Covert video surveillance of children: Consult the child protection team
Authors: G. Adshead
Journal: BMJ (1993)

A survey conducted in England and Wales by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys in 1980 showed that out of 1303 drinkers interviewed, 64 reported problems related to alcohol.Two thirds of these drinkers admitted to drinking less than 50 units a week, and only one third admitted to consumption above that.There are many similar examples from international surveys.We believe that there are no grounds for revising the guidelines on sensible drinking and that they provide an invaluable marker in assessing the clinical importance of a patient's drinking habits.
SP-03 * CARE OF THE CAREGIVER: ENHANCING NEURO-ONCOLOGY PATIENT CARE
Authors: M. Page, I. Molina, J. Patt, S. Chang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

UCSF Neuro Oncology has developed a formalized program to identify and meet the needs of caregivers of brain tumor patients. To date the program has targeted care to three groups of caregivers, those of new patients seen at clinic, caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma, and caregivers of patients deemed to be at " high risk", either by an interaction with the healthcare provider, or because of the phase in the illness trajectory. Caregiver assistance has been offered at specific points in the first 4 months of illness to 30 caregivers of patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma, 13 of which received care. 13 caregivers reported no needs over the first 4 months of illness. Although various needs were identified, over half had concerns with financial issues and disability as well as need for emotional support around adjusting to the diagnosis, role changes, and care demands. In addition we have offered varying levels of care to 70 caregivers of patients identified at high risk for distress. Similar themes were identified in this group, with over 31 caregivers receiving emotional support, 22 needing help with financial and disability concerns and 15 needing various kinds of information about the disease, treatment, and resources available. Challenges encountered include providing the right information at the right time, where to house caregiver documentation, measuring outcomes with minimal extra burden to the caregiver, and blurred lines of service between care of the patient and of the caregiver. Future directions include offering psycho-educational support groups for caregivers and a program designed to reach caregivers at time of surgery to provide information and basic caregiver skills in efforts to boost confidence and improve efficacy as well as bridge the gap of interactions with the health care team between time of discharge and first visit to the clinic.
Morphogenesis of primary human biliary epithelial cells: Induction in high-density culture or by coculture with autologous human hepatocytes
Authors: Marcus K. H. Auth, Ruth E. Joplin, Masashi Okamoto, Yuichi Ishida, Paul McMaster, James M. Neuberger, Roman A. Blaheta, Thomas Voit, Alastair J. Strain
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

Although the control of biliary ductular morphogenesis has received some attention particularly using isolated rat biliary epithelial cell models, the regulation of human bile duct formation is not well defined. In the present study, using a 3-dimensional culture model comprising primary human biliary epithelial cells (BECs) and coculture with primary human hepatocytes, we have sought to define the factors involved. We have shown that primary human BECs can be expanded on collagen gels in the absence of growth factors or serum. When plated in high density in double collagen gels, BECs established 3-dimensional structures that subsequently developed into well differentiated polarized luminal ducts. This morphogenic response occurred in the absence of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and epidermal growth factor. Strikingly, the addition of growth factors (in the presence of serum) resulted in loss of polarity although the cells retained growth responses to both factors. Coculture of BECs with autologous human hepatocytes enhanced the ability of low-density BECs to undergo ductulogenesis. This effect was mimicked by addition of conditioned medium from previous hepatocyte-BEC cocultures. These findings indicate that for human biliary ductular morphogenesis, epithelial cell-cell interactions are required but that mesenchymally derived factors such as HGF may not be important.
Are Semen Quality and Male Fertility Changing?
Authors: Richard J. Sherins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Several studies over the past 20 years have suggested that the quality of semen is declining in industrialized countries throughout the world, arousing concern about male fertility in the future. The study reported by Auger et al.1 in this issue of the Journal emphasizes this concern again. It would seem prudent, however, to ask whether sperm counts and male fertility are in fact declining.Unfortunately, the literature on this subject is not based on prospective studies designed to assess changes in semen quality and male fertility among members of the general population. In large part, the data gathered by Auger . . .
Mechanisms and Treatment of the Tachycardia-Bradycardia Syndrome (the So-Called "Sick Sinus Syndrome") with Correlative Pathology.
Authors: Benjamin M. Kaplan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Mechanisms and Treatment of the Tachycardia-Bradycardia Syndrome (the So-Called "Sick Sinus Syndrome") with Correlative Pathology.Benjamin M. Kaplan, M.D., F.A.C.P., Richard Langendorf, M.D., F.A.C.P., Maurice Lev, M.D., Alfred Pick, M.D.Benjamin M. Kaplan, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Richard Langendorf, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Maurice Lev, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Alfred Pick, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-821_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome consists of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, flutter, or tachycardia followed by sinoatrial (SA) block or sinus arrest resulting in Stokes-Adams attacks. We have studied 10 patients with this syndrome in whom the mechanisms producing the bradycardia phase of the tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome were elucidated by electrocardiographic analysis. These mechanisms include depression of formation (arrest) or depression of conduction (exit block) of the sinus impulse, or both, plus depression of impulse formation of the atrioventricular (A-V) junction. The A-V junctional tissues appear to have preserved conductivity but impaired automaticity. Our study indicates that drug therapy alone for the tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Benjamin M. Kaplan, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Richard Langendorf, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Maurice Lev, M.D.; Alfred Pick, M.D.Affiliations: Chicago, Illinois PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe FMG 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 821-821KeywordsAtrial fibrillationBradycardiaDrug therapyElectrocardiographyTachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
STUDIES ON WATER DRINKING
Authors: C. C. Fowler, P. B. Hawk
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1910)

The daily drinking of three liters of water with meals, for a period of five days, by a man twenty-two years of age who was in a condition of nitrogen equilibrium through the ingestion of a uniform diet, was productive of the following findings : 1. An increase in body weight, aggregating two pounds in five days. 2. An increased excretion of urinary nitrogen, the excess nitrogen being mainly in the form of urea, ammonia, and creatine. 3. A decreased excretion of creatinine and the coincident appearance of creatine in the urine. The decreased creatinine output is believed to indicate that the copious water drinking has stimulated protein catabolism. The appearance of creatine is considered evidence that the water has caused a partial muscular disintegration resulting in the release of creatine, but not profound enough to yield the total nitrogen content of the muscle. The output of creatine is, therefore, out of all proportion to the increase in the excretion of total nitrogen. 4. An increased output of ammonia which is interpreted as indicating an increased output of gastric juice. 5. A decreased excretion of feces and of fecal nitrogen, the decrease in the excretion of fecal nitrogen being of sufficient magnitude to secure a lowered excretion of both the bacterial and the non-bacterial nitrogen. 6. A decrease in the quantity of bacteria excreted daily. 7. An increase in the percentage of total nitrogen appearing as bacterial nitrogen. 8. A lower creatinine coefficient. 9. A more economical utilization of the protein constituents of the diet. 10. The general conclusion to be reached as the result of this experiment is to the effect that the drinking of a large amount of water with meals was attended by many desirable and by no undesirable features.
Ulcerative Colitis and Marijuana
Authors: John A. Baron, Richard D. Folan, Maurice L. Kelley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Comments15 March 1990Ulcerative Colitis and MarijuanaJohn A. Baron, MD, MS, MSc, Richard D. Folan, MD, Maurice L. Kelley Jr., MDJohn A. Baron, MD, MS, MScSearch for more papers by this author, Richard D. Folan, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Maurice L. Kelley Jr., MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-3-112-6-471_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: The apparent protective effect of cigarette smoking on ulcerative colitis (1) suggests that inhaled plant products might affect the disease process. We report a case suggesting a relation between ulcerative colitis and smoking marijuana.In 1972, a 23-year-old woman developed abdominal pain, diarrhea, and rectal bleeding. Sigmoidoscopy to 15 cm revealed diffuse cobblestone ulcerations, and a single-contrast barium enema showed numerous small marginal irregularities in the distal sigmoid and rectum. Ulcerative colitis was diagnosed, and her symptoms waxed and waned despite treatment with sulfasalazine, librax, and intermittent prednisone. Discouraged, she stopped all medications in 1975. In 1976,...References1. CopeHeatleyKelleherLee ERJP. Cigarette smoking and inflammatory bowel disease: a review. Hum Toxicol. 1987;6:189-93. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Nahas G. Toxicology and pharmacology. In: Nahas GG, ed. Marihuana in Science and Medicine. New York: Raven Press; 1984. Google Scholar3. HoltKeast PD. Environmentally induced changes in immunological function: acute and chronic effect of inhalation of tobacco smoke and other atmospheric contaminants in man and experimental animals. Bacteriol Rev. 1977;41:205-16. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KirsnerShorter JR. Recent developments in nonspecific inflammatory bowel disease, part 2. N Engl J Med. 1982;306:837-48. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Baron J. Smoking and estrogen-related disease. Am J Epidemiol. 1984;119:9-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Hanover, NH 03756 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byChronic pain and cannabinoids. Great expectations or a christmas carolOral Effects of Drug AbuseEicosanoids and inflammatory bowel disease: Regulation and prospects for therapy 15 March 1990Volume 112, Issue 6Page: 471-471KeywordsAbdominal painDiarrheaHemorrhageMarijuanaPeptic ulcersRectumUlcerative colitis Issue Published: 15 March 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 4534: Mutant KRAS2 mRNA PET imaging in spontaneous transgenic lung cancers.
Authors: Eric Wickstrom, Chang-Po Chen, Bishnuhari Paudyal, Matthew E. Wampole, Kaijun Zhang, Antican Wang, Bo Lu, Mathew L. Thakur
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Treatment of lung cancer with anti-EGFR antibodies or tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) fails when KRAS2 cancer gene is activated by mutation. Mutation of the KRAS2 12th codon from the wild type GGU that encodes glycine (G) to a mutant GAU that encodes aspartate (D) occurs in some lung cancers. For this reason, we hypothesize that determining KRAS2 mutation status in vivo by external mRNA PET imaging will enable physicians to decide on alternatives to EGFR-directed therapy. To test the hypothesis, we designed wild type and mutant KRAS2 hybridization agents based on peptide nucleic acid (PNA), due to its strong, specific basepairing, and resistance to nucleases and proteases. At the C-terminus, we included a cyclized tetrapeptide based on insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) to enable IGF1R-mediated cellular uptake. We included an N-terminal N2S2 chelator in order to bind 64Cu. We then administered the 64Cu-labeled agents by tail vein into mutant KRAS2 transgenic mice that develop spontaneous lung tumors. We demonstrated sequence-specific positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and quantitation of mutant KRAS2 G12D mRNA in the mice. The wild type control agent, differing by one base in the middle of the 12th codon, showed neglible images in the same mice. Wobble base agents with a hypoxanthine to detect either G12D or G12V KRAS2 mutants are under investigation. Supported by NIH CA148565; IP owned by EW/MLT, licensed to MTTI. Citation Format: Eric Wickstrom, Chang-Po Chen, Bishnuhari Paudyal, Matthew E. Wampole, Kaijun Zhang, Antican Wang, Bo Lu, Mathew L. Thakur. Mutant KRAS2 mRNA PET imaging in spontaneous transgenic lung cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4534. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4534
Combined Effects of Ezetimibe and Phytosterols on Cholesterol Metabolism
Authors: Xiaobo Lin, Susan B. Racette, Michael Lefevre, Lina Ma, Catherine Anderson Spearie, Karen Steger-May, Richard E. Ostlund
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background— Both ezetimibe and phytosterols inhibit cholesterol absorption. We tested the hypothesis that the combination of ezetimibe and phytosterols is more effective than ezetimibe alone in altering cholesterol metabolism. Methods and Results— Twenty-one mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects completed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, triple-crossover study. Each subject received a phytosterol-controlled diet plus (1) ezetimibe placebo+phytosterol placebo, (2) 10 mg/d ezetimibe+phytosterol placebo, and (3) 10 mg/d ezetimibe+2.5 g phytosterols for 3 weeks each. All meals were prepared in a metabolic kitchen. Primary outcomes were intestinal cholesterol absorption, fecal cholesterol excretion, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. The combined treatment resulted in significantly lower intestinal cholesterol absorption (598 mg/d; 95% confidence interval [CI], 368 to 828) relative to control (2161 mg/d; 95% CI, 1112 to 3209) and ezetimibe alone (1054 mg/d; 95% CI, 546 to 1561; both P &lt;0.0001). Fecal cholesterol excretion was significantly greater ( P &lt;0.0001) with combined treatment (962 mg/d; 95% CI, 757 to 1168) relative to control (505 mg/d; 95% CI, 386 to 625) and ezetimibe alone (794 mg/d; 95% CI, 615 to 973). Plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values during treatment with control, ezetimibe alone, and ezetimibe+phytosterols averaged 129 mg/dL (95% CI, 116 to 142), 108 mg/dL (95% CI, 97 to 119), and 101 mg/dL (95% CI, 90 to 112; ( P &lt;0.0001 relative to control). Conclusion— The addition of phytosterols to ezetimibe significantly enhanced the effects of ezetimibe on whole-body cholesterol metabolism and plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The large cumulative action of combined dietary and pharmacological treatment on cholesterol metabolism emphasizes the potential importance of dietary phytosterols as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00863265.
The Effect of Starch Ingestion on Excessive Iron Absorption.
Authors: Manfred Blum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968The Effect of Starch Ingestion on Excessive Iron Absorption.Manfred Blum, M.D. (Associate), Colin G. Orton, Ph.D., Linda Rose, M.S.Manfred Blum, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this author, Colin G. Orton, Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, Linda Rose, M.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1165_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA study has been made of the effect of starch ingestion on iron absorption in patients who absorb iron excessively. Two of the group studied were anemic habitual starch eaters, one had hemochromatosis, and one was an asymptomatic daughter of a man with hemochromatosis. The absorption of iron in all subjects was at least three times normal.One microcurie of59Fe in 250 µg ferrous citrate carrier was administered orally to each subject, and the subsequent absorption of the iron was determined using whole-body counting techniques. Two studies were made on each patient, one without starch ingestion and the second... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPrevalence of Pica in Patients on Dialysis and its Association With Nutritional StatusPica in Pregnancy: New Ideas About an Old ConditionToward a Comprehensive Approach to the Collection and Analysis of Pica Substances, with Emphasis on Geophagic MaterialsTooth wear as a result of picaPica and iron-deficiency anemia: A case reportAmylophagia and iron deficiency anemiaBlood and the Hematopoietic SystemInhibition of Intestinal Iron Absorption by Laundry StarchEating Cigarette Ashes in AnemiaREGIS A. DESILVA, M.D.Iron AbsorptionEffect of ingestion of starch and some clays on iron absorption 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1165-1165KeywordsHemochromatosisIngestionStarches Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF DownloadLoading ...