tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Association of Smoking with Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Arthur J. Hartz, Alfred J. Anderson, Harold L. Brooks, Jack C. Manley, Gerard T. Parent, Joseph J. Barboriak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

We investigated the possibility that smoking has an association with ventricular wall-motion abnormalities that is independent of its known association with coronary occlusion. We studied 4763 men between the ages of 35 and 74 who had diagnostic coronary angiography and ventriculography. We considered three kinds of wall-motion abnormalities: hypokinesis in one to four ventricular segments, hypokinesis in five to six ventricular segments (diffuse hypokinesis), and akinetic or dyskinetic wall motion in at least one segment. Among men younger than 55, the relative risk of diffuse hypokinesis was 2.78 (1.1 to 6.99) for heavy smokers as compared with nonsmokers. Adjusting for the degree of coronary occlusion or eliminating subjects with a history of myocardial infarction did not change this relative risk. Among men who were 55 or older the relative risk (odds ratio for heavy smokers as compared with nonsmokers) was not significant (0.55 to 2.28). Regardless of age the relative risk of akinesis or dyskinesis, adjusted for coronary stenosis, was significant: 1.84 (1.28 to 2.65) for men under 55 and 1.57 (1.12 to 2.19) for men 55 or older. These results suggest that smoking is related to both cardiomyopathy and transmural myocardial infarction and that the relationships are largely separate from the association of smoking with coronary stenosis.
Increasing Rates of Depression
Authors: Gerald L. Klerman
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Several recent, large epidemiologic and family studies suggest important temporal changes in the rates of major depression: an increase in the rates in the cohorts born after World War II; a decrease in the age of onset with an increase in the late teenaged and early adult years; an increase between 1960 and 1975 in the rates of depression for all ages; a persistent gender effect, with the risk of depression consistently two to three times higher among women than men across all adult ages; a persistent family effect, with the risk about two to three times higher in first-degree relatives as compared with controls; and the suggestion of a narrowing of the differential risk to men and women due to a greater increase in risk of depression among young men. These trends, drawn from studies using comparable methods and modern diagnostic criteria, are evident in the United States, Sweden, Germany, Canada, and New Zealand, but not in comparable studies conducted in Korea and Puerto Rico and of Mexican-Americans living in the United States. These cohort changes cannot be fully attributed to artifacts of reporting, recall, mortality, or labeling and have implications for understanding the etiology of depression and for clinical practice.
THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO FOREIGN RED BLOOD CELLS AND THE PARTICIPATION OF SHORT-LIVED LYMPHOCYTES
Authors: C. G. Craddock, A. Winkelstein, Y. Matsuyuki, J. S. Lawrence
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1967)

The sequence of morphological changes in the rat spleen following SRBC injection associated with hemolysin production has been correlated with estimates of proliferative activity by splenic lymphatic tissue. Formation of new, reactive germinal centers containing macrophages which engulf nuclear debris is a prominent feature of the response. This is prevented by pretreatment of the animal with cortisol. Indirect evidence is provided that short-lived lymphocytes produced in germinal centers may be a necessary component in the induction of other cells to proliferate and differentiate into hemolysin-producing cells. The reasons are discussed for considering short-lived lymphocytes, such as those produced in the thymus, bone marrow, and germinal centers, as differing from long-lived lymphocytes capable of antibody synthesis.
Incretins and risk of neoplasia
Authors: T. R. Halfdanarson, R. Pannala
Journal: BMJ (2013)

An association exists but causality has not yet been proved

Incretin based treatment for type 2 diabetes improves hyperglycaemia without causing weight gain and is increasingly being used worldwide. Concerns have been raised about long term safety, as reported by Cohen,1 especially the risk of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancers—both adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine tumours.

Although concerns about adverse effects of incretin on the pancreas initially focused on acute pancreatitis, recent observational studies suggest an increased risk of subclinical pancreatic inflammation and pancreatic cancer.2 3 One study reported that pancreatic cancer was more common in patients with diabetes who used exenatide or sitagliptin than those who used other antihyperglycaemics.2 Similar concerns were raised by the drug commission of the German Medical Association in patients receiving exenatide.3 These concerns were reinforced by data from the Food and Drug Administration adverse event reporting system, which suggested an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in patients treated with incretins.4 

Although cause for concern, these observational studies do not prove causality. Several epidemiological and mechanistic questions need to be considered when interpreting these …
250 Increased nociceptin and nocistatin in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid and tumor tissue indicates altered opioid system in rats with experimental hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: A. Horvath, A. Folhoffer, T. Csak, P.L. Lakatos, A. Zalatnai, M.B. Hantos, K. Tekes, F. Szalay
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Postgraduate education in therapeutics: experience in Merseyside.
Authors: A Breckenridge, M Orme, M J Serlin, A S Davidson, J F Lowe
Journal: BMJ (1978)

A teaching programme in therapeutics for general practitioners in Merseyside, which was led by a group of clinical pharmacologists, had as its principal aim to emphasise the importance of rational drug prescribing. The course comprised 15 sessions restricted to 25 GPs, and the topics were suggested by both the organisers and the GPs. Though each session was introduced by a clinical pharmacologist, the emphasis was an open discussion and exchange of views. This programme may serve as a pattern for other centres.
Conscious will and agent causation
Authors: G. E. Zuriff
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Wegner (2002) fails to (1) distinguish conscious will and voluntariness; (2) account for everyday willed acts; and (3) individuate thoughts and acts. Wegner incorrectly implies that (4) we experience acts as willed only when they are caused by unwilled thoughts; (5) thoughts are never true causes of actions; and (6) we experience ourselves as first performing mental acts which then cause our intentional actions.
The role of different EASL-papers: Clinical practice guidelines vs. position papers vs. conference summaries
Authors: Heiner Wedemeyer, Mark Thursz
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)

In this month's issue of the Journal of Hepatology, you will find a paper entitled "A Position Statement on NAFLD/NASH based on the EASL 2009 Special Conference". The EASL Governing Board acknowledges the outstanding and timely work of the authors Vlad Ratziu, Stefano Bellentani, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Chris Day, and Giulio Marchesini. We are convinced that this is a very important paper that not only summarizes the current knowledge on fatty liver disease but also defines key areas for future research.
Tumor Response to Combination Celecoxib and Erlotinib Therapy in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Is Associated with a Low Baseline Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and a Decline in Serum-Soluble E-Cadherin
Authors: Karen L. Reckamp, Brian K. Gardner, Robert A. Figlin, David Elashoff, Kostyantyn Krysan, Mariam Dohadwala, Jenny Mao, Sherven Sharma, Landon Inge, Ayyappan Rajasekaran, Steven M. Dubinett
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
Treatment of Hodgkin's Disease in Private Practice
Authors: Vincent T. DeVita
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The chemotherapy of the leukemias and lymphomas has evolved rapidly in the past decade. More patients are achieving remission of their disease, these remissions are lasting significantly longer, and survival of afflicted patients is improving. The most gratifying aspect of this improvement is that a significant proportion of patients are remaining continuously free of their disease for longer periods after treatment is stopped. These results have been achieved through the use of more intensive treatment programs which employ several drugs in combination, or extensive x-irradiation, or sometimes a combination of both. These forms of treatment are often complicated and costly, both economically and in terms of toxic effect on the patient. Although few would argue about the worth of such therapy if the end result were a disease-free, functional patient, the question of who should use them is a favorite one for discussion among physicians. This point is highlighted in
Anne Uttley (nee Dubber)
Authors: J. Pattison
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Anne Uttley (nee Dubber) was born on the 19 April 1939 and was brought up to value academic excellence in a supportive and studious atmosphere in Lanarkshire. She won a scholarship to the University of Glasgow and qualified in medicine in 1962. After house jobs she was supported by the Medical Research Council to research aspects of fibrinolysis and was awarded a PhD in 1967. After moving to London, Anne embarked on her long term commitment to medical microbiology. As was her custom, she started by gaining a thorough grounding in the subject with the award …
Endovascular Treatment of Giant Aneurysms which Cause Visual Loss
Authors: Marino E. Vargas, Mark J. Kupersmith, Avi Setton, Kim Nelson, Alejandro Berenstein
Journal: Ophthalmology (1994)

Background: Progressive visual loss that results when a giant cerebral aneurysm compresses the anterior visual pathway requires treatment. When surgical clipping is not safely feasible, percutaneous methods of embolization of the aneurysm can be visual or life saving. Methods: Endovascular techniques were used to treat 19 of 26 consecutive inoperable giant aneurysms in patients with visual loss, which included optic neuropathy (monocular in 13 patients and bilateral in 8) and optic tract dysfunction in five patients. Embolization of the aneurysm was performed with detachable balloons in 12 patients and with Guglielmi detachable electrocoils in 7. Results: After treatment, vision improved in 7 patients, was unchanged in 11, and worsened in 1. Neurologic complications with balloons were temporary in four patients and severe and permanent in three. In contrast, only one temporary complication occurred with Guglielmi detachable electrocoils. The treatment results are contrasted with the outcome in the seven patients who refused intervention: three hemorrhaged (1 death); monocular blindness with dementia developed in two; a complete homonymous hemianopia and dementia developed in one; and one became bilaterally blind. Conclusion: Inoperable symptomatic giant aneurysms can be successfully treated with endovascular treatment. Background: Progressive visual loss that results when a giant cerebral aneurysm compresses the anterior visual pathway requires treatment. When surgical clipping is not safely feasible, percutaneous methods of embolization of the aneurysm can be visual or life saving. Methods: Endovascular techniques were used to treat 19 of 26 consecutive inoperable giant aneurysms in patients with visual loss, which included optic neuropathy (monocular in 13 patients and bilateral in 8) and optic tract dysfunction in five patients. Embolization of the aneurysm was performed with detachable balloons in 12 patients and with Guglielmi detachable electrocoils in 7. Results: After treatment, vision improved in 7 patients, was unchanged in 11, and worsened in 1. Neurologic complications with balloons were temporary in four patients and severe and permanent in three. In contrast, only one temporary complication occurred with Guglielmi detachable electrocoils. The treatment results are contrasted with the outcome in the seven patients who refused intervention: three hemorrhaged (1 death); monocular blindness with dementia developed in two; a complete homonymous hemianopia and dementia developed in one; and one became bilaterally blind. Conclusion: Inoperable symptomatic giant aneurysms can be successfully treated with endovascular treatment.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Bombesin Derivatives on the Basis of Pan-Bombesin Peptides Labeled with Indium-111, Lutetium-177, and Yttrium-90 for Targeting Bombesin Receptor-Expressing Tumors
Authors: Hanwen Zhang, Jianhua Chen, Christian Waldherr, Karin Hinni, Beatrice Waser, Jean Claude Reubi, Helmut R. Maecke
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Bombesin receptors are overexpressed on a variety of human tumors like prostate, breast, and lung cancer. The aim of this study was to develop radiolabeled (Indium-111, Lutetium-177, and Yttrium-90) bombesin analogues with affinity to the three bombesin receptor subtypes for targeted radiotherapy. The following structures were synthesized: diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-gamma-aminobutyric acid-[D-Tyr6, beta-Ala11, Thi13, Nle14] bombesin (6-14) (BZH1) and 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N",N"' -tetraacetic acid-gamma-aminobutyric acid-[D-Tyr6, beta-Ala11, Thi13, Nle14] bombesin (6-14) (BZH2). [111In]-BZH1 and in particular [90Y]-BZH2 were shown to have high affinity to all three human bombesin receptor subtypes with binding affinities in the nanomolar range. In human serum metabolic cleavage was found between beta-Ala11 and His12 with an approximate half-life of 2 hours. The metabolic breakdown was inhibited by EDTA and beta-Ala11-His12 (carnosine) indicating that carnosinase is the active enzyme. Both 111In-labeled peptides were shown to internalize into gastrin-releasing peptide-receptor-positive AR4-2J and PC-3 cells with similar high rates, which were independent of the radiometal. The biodistribution studies of [111In]-BZH1 and [111In]-BZH2 ([177Lu]-BZH2) in AR4-2J tumor-bearing rats showed specific and high uptake in gastrin-releasing peptide-receptor-positive organs and in the AR4-2J tumor. A fast clearance from blood and all of the nontarget organs except the kidneys was found. These radiopeptides were composed of the first pan-bombesin radioligands, which show great promise for the early diagnosis of tumors bearing not only gastrin-releasing peptide-receptors but also the other two bombesin receptor subtypes and may be of use in targeted radiotherapy of these tumors.
Human platelets produced in nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice upon transplantation of human cord blood CD34+ cells are functionally active in an ex vivo flow model of thrombosis
Authors: Isabelle I. Salles, Tim Thijs, Christine Brunaud, Simon F. De Meyer, Johan Thys, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Hans Deckmyn
Journal: Blood (2009)
Epidermal growth factor inhibits the hydroosmotic effect of vasopressin in the isolated perfused rabbit cortical collecting tubule.
Authors: M D Breyer, H R Jacobson, J A Breyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is a 53-amino acid polypeptide which is a potent mitogen for cultured cells. The kidney has recently been shown to be a major site of synthesis for the EGF precursor. EGF infusions in sheep result in a diuresis and natriuresis despite a fall in GFR, suggesting a direct tubular effect. Using in vitro microperfusion of rabbit cortical collecting tubules (CCTs) at 37 degrees C, we examined the effect of EGF on the transepithelial voltage (Vt) and arginine vasopressin (AVP)-stimulated hydraulic conductivity (Lp). Pretreatment with peritubular EGF at concentrations from 10(-8) to 10(-12) M resulted in a 50% inhibition of both AVP- and 8-chlorophenythio-cyclic AMP-stimulated peak Lp. This effect was reversed by the protein kinase C inhibitor, staurosporine, but unaffected by indomethacin. CCTs with an initially negative Vt, depolarized after exposure to bath EGF. 10(-8) M EGF applied from the lumen had no effect on either Lp or Vt. Specific binding of 20 nM 125I-EGF to microdissected CCTs was also demonstrated. These results suggest that EGF can modulate both salt and water transport in the CCT via a receptor linked to protein kinase C activation.
Disinfection of Gastrointestinal Fibrescopes - Evaluation of the Disinfectants Dettox<sup>®</sup>and Gigasept<sup>®</sup>
Authors: H.J. O'Connor, C.S. Steele, J. Price, C. Lincoln, A.T.R. Axon
Journal: Endoscopy (1983)

The disinfectant solutions Dettox (based on a quaternary ammonium compound) and Gigasept (based on succine dialdehyde) were evaluated during disinfection procedures with a new disinfecting apparatus for gastrointestinal fibrescopes. Thorough disinfection was achieved after 2 minutes using Dettox 8% or Gigasept 10%; persistent fibrescope contamination with Gram-negative organisms was found after disinfection with Dettox 4% or Gigasep 5%. No adverse effects in endoscopy staff or damage to fibrescopes were seen. Adequate disinfection of endoscopic equipment prevents endoscopy-related infection and can be readily achieved by trained endoscopy staff using rapidly bactericidal disinfectants.
High-Altitude Pulmonary Edema and Patent Foramen Ovale—Reply
Authors: Yves Allemann, Christian Seiler, Urs Scherrer, Claudio Sartori
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Renal failure associated with ergot poisoning.
Authors: J Webb
Journal: BMJ (1977)

some studies.As an example of a possible relationship between malignant lymphoma and PMR on this ground they refer to a case described by usI in which malignant lymphoma occurred four years after the diagnosis of PMR was made.Among our 54 patients with PMR we have recently reported another case', in which chronic lymphatic leukaemia developed five years after the onset of typical PMR.In this patient lymphocytic infiltration was detected in renal, liver, and muscle biopsy specimens at the time of diagnosis of PMR, when the number of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and bone marrow was normal.The significance of the combination of the two diseases in this patient is unclear.It may simply be the coincidental coexistence of two diseases, both relatively common in elderly people.However, the clinical course does point to a more direct relationship.Histocompatibility antigens have been studied in patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia, but, so far as I know, no increase in any specific HLA haplotype has been shown.
Cochrane Skin Group systematic reviews are more methodologically rigorous than other systematic reviews in dermatology
Authors: A. Collier, L. Heilig, L. Schilling, H. Williams, R.P. Dellavalle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Summary Background The Cochrane collaboration aims to produce high‐quality systematic reviews. It is not known whether the methods used in producing Cochrane Skin Group (CSG) reviews result in higher quality reviews than other systematic reviews in dermatology. Objectives To determine how the methodological quality of dermatological CSG reviews published in The Cochrane Library and in peer‐reviewed journals compare with non‐Cochrane systematic reviews. Methods Two blinded investigators independently assessed review quality using the 10‐item Oxman and Guyatt scale. Results Thirty‐eight systematic reviews (17 Cochrane reviews published in The Cochrane Library, 11 Cochrane reviews published in peer‐reviewed journals and 10 non‐Cochrane reviews published in peer‐reviewed journals) were examined. The Cochrane Library reviews included quality of life (11/17 vs. 1/10, P = 0·014) and adverse outcomes (14/17 vs. 2/10, P = 0·003) more often than non‐Cochrane reviews published in peer‐reviewed journals. Cochrane reviews published in both peer‐reviewed journals and The Cochrane Library were more likely to include comprehensive search strategies (11/11 and 17/17 vs. 6/10, P‐values = 0·04 and 0·01), take steps to minimize selection bias (11/11 and 16/17 vs. 3/10, P‐values = 0·003 and 0·001) and appropriately assess the validity of all included trials (10/11 and 16/17 vs. 4/10, P‐values = 0·04 and 0·007) than non‐Cochrane reviews. Overall, Cochrane reviews published both in peer‐reviewed journals and in The Cochrane Library were assigned higher quality scores by reviewers than non‐Cochrane reviews (median = 6·0 and 6·5 vs. 4·5, P‐values = 0·01 and 0·002). Conclusions The Cochrane Library systematic review methodology leads to higher quality reviews on dermatological topics.
Recruitment of Phosphatase PP2A by RACK1 Adaptor Protein Deactivates Transcription Factor IRF3 and Limits Type I Interferon Signaling
Authors: Lingyun Long, Yuezhen Deng, Fan Yao, Dongxian Guan, Yuanyuan Feng, Hao Jiang, Xiaobin Li, Pingting Hu, Xincheng Lu, Hui Wang, Jingjing Li, Xiang Gao, Dong Xie
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Do endoscopy capsules interfere with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators?
Authors: D. Bandorski, W. Irnich, M. Brück, W. Kramer, R. Jakobs
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Background and study aims: Capsule endoscopy is already an established diagnostic tool, and the newly introduced capsule PillCam COLON is now entering clinical studies. Because of the very limited clinical experience in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs), it is generally recommended that capsule endoscopy should not be used in these patients. Therefore, we investigated, in vitro, the possible interference between three different endoscopy capsules (Given Imaging and Olympus) and ICDs.
Prevention of Early Postoperative Deep Vein Thrombosis by Passive Exercise of Leg during Surgery
Authors: S. Sabri, V. C. Roberts, L. T. Cotton
Journal: BMJ (1971)

A clinical trial assessed the effect of passive exercise of the lower limb during surgery on the incidence of early postoperative deep vein thrombosis. Thrombosis was diagnosed by means of the <sup>125</sup>I-fibrinogen uptake test. Passive exercise of the lower limb during the operation was achieved by using a motorized foot mover designed for use on supine subjects, and by pedalling only one leg each patient acted as his own control. In a sequential statistical analysis, 47 patients were required to reach the 5% level of significance. Thrombosis was detected in 11 control (unpedalled) legs alone, and in only one pedalled leg alone. Two patients developed thrombosis bilaterally. The investigation shows that the incidence of early thrombosis in legs which were exercised during surgery was reduced by 77%.