tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Estimate of the Carbon Footprint of the US Health Care Sector
Authors: Jeanette W. Chung, David O. Meltzer
Journal: JAMA (2009)

gests that the differences between mortality rates may not decrease with time.We agree with Vincent that the initial resuscitation period is critical.However, it is inappropriate to conclude, in the absence of supporting evidence, that treatment in the next 24 hours is unlikely to make a difference.The large prior experience with this therapy must be considered.In a meta-analysis involving 1425 patients, 786 of 978 patients received more than 1 polymyxin B treatment. 6 We acknowledge Dr Kida's observation of the preponderance of gram-positive organisms in the polymyxin B group.It is unlikely that this is a significant confounder.More than one-third of all patients had multiple organisms.Patients with gram-positive isolates also had gram-negative organisms.We agree that, in the absence of endotoxin measurements, the observed effects cannot be directly attributed to endotoxin removal.However, this hypothesis is logical in this context and biologically plausible.
Abstract 2509: Do Systemic Risk factors Impact the Composition of Coronary Plaques as Measured by IVUS-RF analysis? Results from the Global VH Registry on Whole Vessel Analysis
Authors: Sebastian Philipp, Dirk Böse, William Wijns, Steven P Marso, Robert S Schwartz, Andreas König, Amir Lerman, Stephane G Carlier, Patrick W Serruys, Raimund Erbel
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors have an impact on coronary atherosclerosis evolution. However, there is only limited information about the relationship between risk and atherosclerotic plaque as measured invasively by Intravascular Ultrasound Radiofrequency (IVUS-RF) analysis. The Aim of this study was to assess the impact of cardiovascular risk factors not only on overall coronary plaque volume but on coronary plaque composition. Methods: 990 patients from 42 centers were enrolled in the prospective, multicenter, non randomized, global VH-IVUS registry. Coronary lesions were measured by conventional and IVUS-VH parameters using 20MHz Intravascular Ultrasound catheter. The four IVUS-VH plaque components (Dense Calcium-DC, Necrotic Core-NC, Fibrous tissue-F, Fibro Fatty-FF) were analyzed in every recorded frame. The results were expressed as mean cross-sectional areas, and percentage of total plaque volume. Risk factor assessment included correlation with family history of myocardial infarction, past or current smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and laboratory measurements. Results: Patients with diabetes have an increased relative amount of NC (6.47±0.28% vs. 5.86±0.14%, p=0.037) and DC (4.58±0.27% vs. 3.90±0.14%, p=0.017), Patients with hypertension have an increased relative amount of FF, DC (4.35±0.16% vs. 3.57±0.17%, p=0.02) and NC (6.24±0.17% vs. 5.60±0.19%, p=0.01). Compared with patients with LDL cholesterol 160 mg/dl had higher plaque volume (342.1±26.2mm 3 vs. 318.6±10.7mm 3 ). Linear Regression Analysis showed a correlation between the level of HDL and F (r=−0.149, p&lt;0.01), FF (r=−0 –106, p&lt; 0.01), and NC (r=−0.90, p&lt;0.05). The level of LDL correlated with F (r = 0.110, p &lt; 0.01). Patients with prior MI have an increased percentage of F (30.03±0.59 % vs. 28.20±0.37 %, p&lt;0.009). Smoking had no relevant effect on plaque composition. Conclusion: IVUS-RF analysis detects marked differences in coronary plaque depending on the risk factor profile with particular focus on lipid levels. Patients with greater amounts of necrotic core were associated with hypertension, myocardial infarction, and low HDL. This may have implications for prognosis and systemic treatment of patients with coronary artery disease.
Researchers Identify Anti-HIV Proteins
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 237: Acute Activation of eNOS by Lovastatin Involves Scavenger Receptor-B1
Authors: Rahul Datar, Wayne H Kaesemeyer, David J Fulton, Robert W Caldwell
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Statins (HMG CoA reductase inhibitors) have beneficial vascular effects independent of their ability to reduce cholesterol synthesis. We and others have previously shown that statins acutely activate endothelial cell NOS (eNOS). Our present study characterized signaling pathways by which statins activate NOS using cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) and COS 7 cells. It also examined involvement of scavenger receptor - B1 (SR-B1), which is expressed in endothelial cells and maintains caveolae cholesterol concentration and eNOS localization. BAEC were exposed to lovastatin (LOV, 10 −6 M) for 2–5 min after pretreatment with the end product of HMG CoA reductase (mevalonic acid, 5×10 −4 M), a Gi protein inhibitor (pertussis toxin, 10 −4 M), a PLC inhibitor (U-73122, 10 −5 M), a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor (tyrphostine 51A, 2×10 −6 M) or intracellular and extracellular calcium chelators -BAPTA-AM (10 −5 M) and EGTA (10 −4 M), respectively, and levels of NO production were determined. LOV alone acutely increased NO production by 67%. NO production in response to LOV was not blocked by mevalonic acid indicating that it occurs independent of HMG CoA reductase inhibition. Inhibition of Gi protein, PLC, and RTK almost completely blocked the LOV-induced NO generation. Removal of extracellular Ca ++ prevented statin-induced NO production by 90%, while intracellular Ca ++ chelation with BAPTA-AM reduced NO production by 45%. COS 7 cells transfected with eNOS did not show increased NO production to LOV or HDL, indicating NOS activation occurs through an endothelial cell receptor. In COS 7 cells, co-transfected with eNOS and the endothelial SR-B1, LOV or HDL (10 −5 M), a known agonist of SR-B1, increased NO production by over 200%. In COS 7 cells transfected with eNOS alone or co-transfected with the bradykinin B2 receptor, neither LOV nor HDL increased NO production, indicating effects specific for the SR-B1 receptor. In conclusion, our study shows LOV acutely activates eNOS independently of HMG CoA reductase inhibition. eNOS activation appears to involve an endothelial Gi protein receptor and subsequent activation of PLC and RTK pathways, leading to entry of extracellular calcium. Furthermore, LOV can activate eNOS via the SR-B1 receptor.
Leaky Bodies and Boundaries. Feminism, Postmodernism and (Bio)ethics, by Margrit Shildrick
Authors: C. Dowrick
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Margrit Shildrick, Routledge, £45, pp 272 ISBN 0 415 14616 X

The medical model—derived, according to Shildrick, from Cartesian dualism—involves a fundamental split between the mind and the body. The knowing mind (the doctor, the male) is detached from the corporeal raw material (the patient, the female). The mind observes and dispenses wisdom at a distance without being involved with or affected by the body.

Starting with the female body as her central reality and metaphor, Shildrick urges us in radically different directions. The …
Abstract 14903: Activating Transcription Factor 3 Regulates High-Fat Diet-Induced Adipocytes Hypertrophy and Lipid Metabolism in Mice
Authors: Ching-Feng Cheng, Hui-Chen Ku, Tzu-Ling Tseng, Pei-Fang Lai, Heng Lin
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Obesity is a severe and complicated health issue related to lifestyle and dietary modifications, and is highly associated with cardiovascular diseases. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a member of the ATF/cAMP-response element-binding protein family of transcriptional factors. It can be induced by stress condition in a variety of tissues, including adipocytes. Here we demonstrated that ATF3 can regulate lipid metabolism in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. ATF3-/- mice (KO) were given HFD for 16 weeks, with body weights significantly increased as compared to B6 wild-type (WT) littermate mice (KO: 41.3±0.98 gm vs. WT: 34.3±0.9 gm, p
PRIMARY SPLENIC NEUTROPENIA, WITH REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: Moses Salzer, J. Louis Ransohoff, Blatt Hermann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1945)

Case Reports1 February 1945PRIMARY SPLENIC NEUTROPENIA, WITH REPORT OF A CASEMOSES SALZER, M.D., J. LOUIS RANSOHOFF, M.D., BLATT HERMANN, M.D.MOSES SALZER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. LOUIS RANSOHOFF, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, BLATT HERMANN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-22-2-271 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAbout one year ago Wiseman and Doan1published a report of five cases of "a hitherto unrecognized cause of neutropenia resulting from a pathologically altered, physiologic function of the normal spleen." They labelled this disease "primary splenic neutropenia." They postulated the theory that the spleen has a selective destructive action on the various cellular components of the blood. For instance, in thrombocytopenia, this selective destructive function destroyed the thrombocytes at an abnormally high rate; in hemolytic jaundice the erythrocytes were selected for destruction, whereas in "primary splenic neutropenia" the neutrophiles were the victim of this selective action. In no instance...Bibliography1. WISEMANDOAN BKCA: Primary splenic neutropenia; a newly recognized syndrome, closely related to congenital hemolytic icterus and essential thrombocytopenic purpura, Ann. Int. Med., 1942, xvi, 1097. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication June 14, 1943. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLeukopenien und AgranulocytosenFamilial Benign Chronic NeutropeniaHUNTER O. CUTTING, J. EUGENE LANGDie Panmyelophthise und verwandte Zustände der KnochenmarksinsuffizienzBLOOD DYSCRASIAS SECONDARY TO GOLD: WITH A CASE OF HYPOPLASTIC ANEMIA CURED BY SPLENECTOMY*HENRY J. L. MARRIOTT, B.M. (Oxon.), H. RAYMOND PETERS, M.D., F.A.C.P.NEUTROPENIA ASSOCIATED WITH SPLENOMEGALY AND ATROPHIC ARTHRITIS (FELTY'S SYNDROME): REPORT OF A CASE IN WHICH SPLENECTOMY WAS PERFORMED*H. MILTON ROGERS, M.D., F.A.C.P., FRANCIS H. LANGLEY, M.D.HYPERSPLENISM WITH ARTHRITISGranulocytopenia in ChildrenGranulocytopenic and Lymphocytopenic Hypersplenism Associated with Atrophic ArthritisPrimary Splenic Granulocytopenia and Lymphopenia 1 February 1945Volume 22, Issue 2Page: 271-273KeywordsBloodHemolytic jaundiceNeutropeniaSpleen Issue Published: 1 February 1945 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 4311: Fluorescence-guided surgery of pancreatic cancer using activatable cell penetrating peptides (ACPPs) in orthotopic mouse models
Authors: Cristina A. Metildi, Sharmeela Kaushal, Csilla N. Felsen, Quyen T. Nguyen, Robert M. Hoffman, Roger Y. Tsien, Michael Bouvet
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Surgical resection with complete removal of tumor remains one of the most effective modalities in the treatment of cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of using activatable cell penetrating peptides (ACPPs) conjugated to Cy5 fluorophores to accurately label primary pancreatic tumor for fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) in orthotopic mouse models. Orthotopic mouse models of human pancreatic cancer using surgical implantation of tumor fragments of the MiaPaca-2-GFP pancreatic cancer cell line were established. Two weeks after tumor implantation, the tumors were resected with bright light surgery (BLS) or FGS. FGS was performed with a florescence-dissecting microscope (MVX10, Olympus) 2 hours after periorbital injection of ACPPs. Completeness of resection was assessed from postoperative images obtained with the Maestro CRI Small Imaging System. Postoperatively, we performed whole body imaging of the mice to assess for recurrence. At eight weeks, mice were sacrificed to evaluate pancreatic tumor burden, as well as local and distant recurrence. Cy-5-conjugated ACPPs, cleavable by MMP-2 and MMP-9 permitted clear visualization of tumor margins for fluorescence-guided resection. With FGS, no residual tumor was detected in the postoperative surgical site in all 16 mice. One mouse out of 16 undergoing BLS had evidence of residual tumor postoperatively. At 8 weeks, mice in the BLS group demonstrated larger primary tumors compared to mice in the FGS group (1.72 g ± SE 0.58 vs 0.25 g ± SE 0.14, p=0.026). Mean disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly lengthened from 5.33 weeks in the BLS group to 7.38 weeks in the FGS group (p=0.02). Furthermore, recurrence rates were lower in the FGS group (38% vs 73%, p=0.049). This translated into a lower local and distant recurrence rate for FGS (31% vs 67% and 25% vs 60%, respectively). ACPPs can provide an alternative method to accurately and effectively label cancer cells for improved resection of tumors that do not express specific tumor antigens and result in better outcomes post-resection. Citation Format: Cristina A. Metildi, Sharmeela Kaushal, Csilla N. Felsen, Quyen T. Nguyen, Robert M. Hoffman, Roger Y. Tsien, Michael Bouvet. Fluorescence-guided surgery of pancreatic cancer using activatable cell penetrating peptides (ACPPs) in orthotopic mouse models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4311. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4311
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Ralph C. Matson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1934)

Article1 September 1934THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSISRALPH C. MATSON, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.A.C.S.RALPH C. MATSON, M.D., F.A.C.P., F.A.C.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-8-3-268 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAn analysis of our present knowledge of the advances made in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis clearly indicates that rest is the foundation and its development the only important and successful remedial furtherance in the treatment of this disease. Detweiler is credited with being the first to advocate rest as a therapeutic measure; but Joseph H. Pratt points out that Trudeau indorsed it before Detweiler. From a surgical standpoint, the development of rest as a curative method forms the basis of modern phthisiotherapy.Valuable adjuncts to bed rest are postural rest on the diseased hemithorax and shot-bags placed on the...Bibliography1. MATSON RC: Cauterization of adhesions in artificial pneumothorax by Jacobaeus-Unverricht method of closed pneumolysis; observations on 100 cases, Am. Rev. Tuberc., 1929, xix, 233-305. Google Scholar2 MATSON RC: Electrosurgical method of closed intrapleural pneumolysis in artificial pneumothorax, Arch. Surg., 1929, xix, 1175-1192. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. MATSON RC: Operative collapse therapy in treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, West. Jr. Surg., 1930, xxxviii, 743; 1931, xxxix, 13. Google Scholar4. MATSON RC: Severing adhesions in artificial pneumothorax by electrosurgical method, Surg., Gynec. and Obst., 1934, lviii, 619-629. Google Scholar5. PLENKMATSON ARC: Zur Phrenicotomiefrage. Beiträge zur Klinik der Tuberkulose, Band 62, Heft ¾, 1925. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Portland, Oregon*Read at the Chicago meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 17, 1934.From the Department of Medicine, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon, and the Departments of Medicine and Thoracic Surgery, Portland Open Air Sanatorium, Milwaukie, Oregon. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byControl of tuberculosis in the Hudson River State Hospital 1 September 1934Volume 8, Issue 3Page: 268-281KeywordsPulmonary diseasesThoracic surgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1934 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mucous membrane pemphigoid: a dual circulating antibody response with IgG and IgA signifies a more severe and persistent disease
Authors: None Setterfield, None Shirlaw, None Kerr-Muir, None Neill, None Bhogal, None Morgan, None Tilling, None Challacombe, None Black
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an autoimmune blistering disease frequently associated with scarring of involved clinical sites. At present, therapeutic intervention in the form of immunomodulating or immunosuppressive agents is often reserved until the onset of significant inflammation and/or early cicatrization. We have therefore studied the clinical and immunopathological findings in 67 patients with MMP in order to try to establish a reliable prognostic indicator by which patients at high risk may be identified early in the disease. Inclusion criteria were a predominantly mucosal disease and the detection of IgG and/or C3 anti-basement membrane zone (BMZ) immunoreactants using immunofluorescence techniques. Patients were allocated to three disease subgroups on the basis of the modality and duration of therapeutic intervention required to achieve effective control of disease. In addition, at presentation and at each follow-up visit, a clinical score for severity of involved clinical sites was awarded and serum collected for indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). A dual circulating anti-basement membrane zone (anti-BMZ) antibody response with IgG and IgA was significantly associated with a more severe and persistent disease profile (P < 0.001). The odds ratios for requiring systemic therapy were: 11.6 among patients in whom there was a clinical score ≥ 5 compared with a score < 5, and 31.3 and 66.9 among patients with IgG alone and both IgG and IgA, respectively, compared with negative IIF. The findings suggest that an assessment based upon a combination of site severity score and the presence of circulating IgG and IgA by IIF using 1 mol/L salt-split human skin substrate may be considered a useful prognostic indicator.
Idiopathic Macular Holes
Authors: Robert N. Johnson, J. Donald M. Gass
Journal: Ophthalmology (1988)

The authors have reviewed 158 eyes with evolving or completed idiopathic macular holes. Observations of these patients suggest that prefoveal vitreous cortex contraction is probably the cause of idiopathic macular holes. The earliest sign of an impending macular hole (stage 1) appears to be the development of a yellow spot or halo associated with loss of the normal anatomic foveal depression. No vitreous separation is present. This may resolve or progress to a small, early macular hole (stage 2). This hole gradually enlarged to a diameter of approximately 485 µm. The vitreous usually remained attached or a vitreofoveal separation developed (stage 3). Some eyes had complete posterior vitreous separation (stage 4). The implications for surgical intervention are discussed. A prospective study should be undertaken to confirm these findings and to investigate the feasibility of vitrectomy intervention to peel the prefoveal vitreous cortex in eyes with a stage 1 lesion.
Superoxide dismutase as a longitudinal biomarker of lung function in asthma
Authors: Suzy Comhair, Anam Khan, Serpil Erzurum
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease related to oxidative stress. Previously, we reported that superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) is lower in asthma as compared to healthy controls and related to airflow obstruction and reactivity. In this study, we hypothesized that serum SOD would be informative for progression of asthma over time. To test this, asthmatic adults (n=47) [age:40+3, mean%FEV1:77+5, FEV1/FVC: 0.69+0.1, gender: M/F=17/30, severe asthma n=12] were evaluated longitudinally over 4 years. SOD levels at the start of the study were significantly lower in Asthmatics as compared to Control subjects (p
Health Care Delivery in the Texas Prison System
Authors: Douglas P Olson
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Steep rise in notified hantavirus infections in Germany, April 2010
Authors: M S Faber, R G Ulrich, C Frank, S O Brockmann, G M Pfaff, J Jacob, D H Krüger, K Stark
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

From January to April 2010, 396 hantavirus infections were notified in Germany, a considerable increase compared with previous years (mean: 83 for January-April 2004-2009) including the record-setting year, 2007 (n=232 January-April). Most patients are residents of known Puumala virus endemic areas in southern Germany. The recent increase in notified hantavirus infections is probably due to an increased population density of the main animal reservoir, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus).