tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High resolution oesophageal manometry: addressing thermal drift
Authors: E. V. Robertson, Y. Y. Lee, M. H. Derakhshan, J. G. H. Whiting, A. A. Wirz, J. P. Seenan, K. E. L. McColl
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> High resolution manometry (HRM) is a sophisticated and widely used technology allowing detailed examination of oesophageal function. A described limitation of the HRM system is its propensity to ‘thermal drift’. Thermal drift is a false change in the measured pressure attributed to the change from ambient to body temperature. In prolonged studies this effect can be marked. We sought to investigate the nature and magnitude of this phenomenon and to validate the currently employed corrections. <h3>Methods</h3> Six experiments were performed with the HRM catheter placed in a water bath at a constant depth and temperature of 37°C. Recordings were carried out for 2 h. Pressure readings for the thirty-six sensors were plotted against time. <h3>Results</h3> The mean pressure change for six experiments and thirty six sensors was 13.1 mmHg (range 1.9–44.7 mmHg). The rate of drift varied between sensors and for an individual sensor between experiments. For an individual sensor within an experiment the pressure increase was linear (R<sup>2</sup> &gt; 0.9 in 211 of 216 graphs). In the standard correction for thermal drift, the pressure increase in each sensor at the end of the study is subtracted from the data set to reset the baseline. This was replicated in the recorded pressures and the residual error calculated. The mean error increased with study duration and for a given study was maximal for the early data. For data captured at the start of a 15-min study the mean error with 95% confidence intervals was 1.4 +/− 0.12 mmHg. Corresponding values for a 30-min study were 2.8 +/− 0.24 mmHg and for a 60-min study 6.1 +/− 0.52 mmHg. The distal border of the lower oesophageal sphincter, used to calculate sphincter length, is defined by an increase in pressure of 2 mmHg from intragastric pressure. Errors of this magnitude therefore have the potential to affect measured physiological parameters. A linear correction was then applied to the data, using the best fit line for each sensor within each experiment. For this tailored correction the mean error with 95% confidence intervals was 0.4 +/− 0.017 mmHg and was independent of study duration. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Thermal drift is better considered as ‘Baseline drift’ a continuous upward drift of the baseline pressure with time rather than a ‘once and for all’ baseline change. A correction process which takes into account the ongoing and linear nature of the drift reduces the error associated with this phenomenon. Incorporating this correction into existing software would improve the accuracy of the system without impact on ease of use.
Doxorubicin-containing regimen with or without interferon alfa-2b for advanced follicular lymphomas: final analysis of survival and toxicity in the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes Folliculaires 86 Trial.
Authors: P Solal-Céligny, E Lepage, N Brousse, C L Tendler, P Brice, C Haïoun, J Gabarre, B Pignon, G Tertian, R Bouabdallah, J F Rossi, C Doyen, B Coiffier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To compare progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and toxicity of a doxorubicin-containing regimen administered alone or in combination with interferon alfa-2b (IFNalpha) in patients with low-grade follicular lymphoma (FL) and poor prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Two hundred sixty-eight patients with advanced-stage FL received cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, teniposide, and prednisone (CHVP) monthly for 6 months, then every 2 months for 12 months. After randomization, 242 patients were evaluated for efficacy: 119 received CHVP alone, and 123 also received IFNalpha at a dose of 5 million units three times weekly for 18 months. RESULTS After a 6-year median follow-up, the patients treated with CHVP + IFNalpha showed significantly longer median PFS than those who received CHVP alone (2.9 years v 1.5 years, respectively; P = .0002) and significantly longer median OS (not reached v 5.6 years, respectively; P = .008). Although some side effects, which included neutropenia, asthenia, fever, elevated serum transaminase levels, flu-like symptoms, and thrombocytopenia, were more frequently observed in patients who received the combination regimen, these reactions were moderate. IFNalpha was withdrawn because of toxicity in 10% of the patients, and a dosage reduction or temporary suspension was required in 28%. CONCLUSION With long-term follow-up of 6 years, these results confirm that the addition of IFNalpha to a doxorubicin-containing regimen for patients with advanced-stage and clinically aggressive FL not only increased PFS, as in most other similar trials, but also prolonged OS. Toxicity was moderate. The beneficial effects of this combined chemotherapy and IFNalpha regimen on OS probably reflect the selection of FL patients with poor prognostic factors.
Abstract 28: A Prospective and Randomized Trial to Compare a Left Ventricular Assist Device (Impella LP2.5) With IABP in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock by Acute Myocardial Infarction: The ISAR-SHOCK Trial
Authors: Melchior Seyfarth, Iris Bauer, Dirk Sibbing, Lorenz Bott-Flugel, Adnan Kastrati, Albert Schomig
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Effects of one‐year hyposensitization in allergic rhinitis
Authors: A. Pécoud, L. Nicod, M. Badan, B. Agrell, S. Dreborg, M. Kolly
Journal: Allergy (1990)

In an open study, 21 patients suffering from chronic non-seasonal rhinitis and allergic to house mites (HDM) have been treated for 1 year with either a new extract (Pharmalagen; n = 10) or an allergoid, pyridine denatured, extract (Alavac; n = 11), both precipitated with AlOH3 (depot). The following investigations were performed before and after therapy: clinical scoring (for 4 weeks), quantified skin prick tests (SPT) and nasal provocation tests (NPT) with HDM, and determination in serum of HDM-specific IgE and IgG. Both groups were compared with six patients who remained untreated and underwent the same investigations. Hyposensitization with either extract induced an improvement in clinical scores (P less than 0.05), a decrease in SPT reactivity (Pharmalgen: P less than 0.001; Alavac: P less than 0.01), a marked increase in the nasal tolerance to HDM (P less than 0.001) and in HDM-specific IgG (P less than 0.001). In the group of untreated patients, all these parameters remained unchanged. Compared with the Alavac extract, the Pharmalgen extract was more active in decreasing SPT reactions (P less than 0.05) and inducing a HDM-specific IgG rise (P less than 0.05). Although both extracts induced some untoward allergic reactions, no adrenaline was used at any time during the study. These data suggest that hyposensitization with depot extracts of HDM can be considered a safe and active adjunct to the treatment of allergic rhinitis.
Certain aspects of the association between tuberculosis and cancer
Authors: Maria Panescu, Camelia Vasilescu, Mihaela Archip
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Romania still remains one of the countries with high tuberculosis (TB) incidence, and one of the risk factors is represented by neoplastic diseases. In this study we are analyzing certain aspects of the association between the two diseases, in a patient group registered with tuberculosis in Iasi County between 1998 and 2010.  The studied group had 2451 patients who were treated of TB during the mentioned period of time. 55 of them were also diagnosed with cancer (before, during or after the tuberculosis treatment was administered). Across the patient group the age varied from 37 to 81 years old, 39 (71%) were smokers or ex-smokers and there were mostly men 43 (78%). The most frequent type of cancer had a pulmonary location (55%) and the predominant histology variant was non-small cell carcinoma. Other organs affected by cancer included the larynx, pleura, digestive system, lymphatic cells, skin, uterus, urinary bladder, and breast.  The treatment and bacteriological evolution of tuberculosis in patients with associated cancer did no pose any special problems. Even so, an important issue to be underlined is the rate of death that was 25% much higher than in the case of patients diagnosed only with TB. The cancer diagnosis in tuberculosis patients with BK positive sputum smear at the microscopic examination was delayed between two and eight moths.  In conclusion, patients older that 40 years, smokers and ex-smokers, diagnosed with tuberculosis should be supervised more carefully because of the risk of cancer, and the necessary investigations for diagnosing neoplastic diseases should be performed in the same time as the ones for TB.
Bosutinib shows low cross intolerance, in chronic myeloid leukemia patients treated in fourth line. Results of the <scp>S</scp>panish compassionate use program
Authors: Valentín García‐Gutiérrez, Alejandra Martinez‐Trillos, Jose Luis Lopez Lorenzo, Guiomar Bautista, Maria Luisa Martin Mateos, Alberto Alvarez‐Larrán, Ana Iglesias Pérez, Andrés Romo Collado, Angeles Fernandez, Angeles Portero, Beatriz Cuevas, Concepción Ruiz, Esperanza Romero, Fernando Ortega, Isabel Mata, José Tallón, Maria del Carmen García Garay, María José Ramirez Sánchez, Natalia de las Heras, Pilar Giraldo, Sabela Bobillo, José María Guinea, Guillermo Deben, Sandra Valencia, Ana Sebrango, Concepción Boqué, Begoña Maestro, Juan Luis Steegmann
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

The role of bosutinib as rescue treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients after failing three previous tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is currently unknown. We report here the largest series (to our knowledge) of patients treated with bosutinib in fourth-line, after retrospectively reviewing 30 patients in chronic phase, and pretreated with imatinib, nilotinib, and dasatinib. With a median follow up of 11.1 months, the probability to either maintain or improve their CCyR response was 56.6% (17/30) and 11 patients (36.7%) achieved or maintained their baseline MMR. In patients not having baseline CCyR, the probabilities of obtaining CCyR, MMR, and MR4.5 were 13, 11, and 14%, respectively. The probabilities of obtaining MMR and deep molecular response MR4.5 in patients with baseline CCyR were 40.0% (6/15) and 20.0% (3/15). At 20 months, progression-free survival was 73%. Grade 3-4 hematological toxicities were more frequent in resistant than intolerant patients (45.4 vs. 0.0%). Nonhematological toxicities were also more frequent in resistant patients, being diarrhea the most conspicuous one. Bosutinib seems to be an appropriate treatment option for patients resistant or intolerant to three prior TKI's.
Effects of Whole body vibration in chest Wall kinematics, respiratory strength and quality of life in elderly: A controlled randomized trial
Authors: Maira Pessoa, Rafaela De Sa, Helga Muniz, Taciano Rocha, Shirley Campos, Daniella Brandao, Armele Dornelas de Andrade
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND: The aging affects the respiratory fitness through changes in lung volumes and impairment the diaphragmatic strength AIM: to compare the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) and Resistance training in thoraco-abdominal kinetic using opto-electronic pletismography (OEP), in the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure(MEP) and in quality of life in health elderly. METHODS: It was a controlled, randomized double-blind clinical trial, with 25 elderly in three groups: Group Resistance (n=8) – with WBV sham; WBV (n=8) – with resistance sham and WBV + resistance (n=9) – performed a double training. Were evalued MIP, MEP, the chest wall compartmental volumes in inspiratory capacity (IC) and quiet breathing (rib cage pulmonary – Rcp, rib cage abdominal – Rca and Abdomen–AB) and quality of life with SF 36. For statistical analyses ANOVA one way with Tukey post-hoc between groups after the training was used. RESULTS: Resistance group maintained similar values to baseline. MIP and MEP increase in both WBV groups (p  CONCLUSION: The WBV increases the respiratory strength and promotes redistribution in the chest wall volumes for the Rcp and Rca, and that the improvement of these variables positively affects the quality of life of elderly people.  This study was supported by: CNPq, FACEPE and CAPES/PROCAD-NF.
Immunosuppression Induced In Vitro by Cell-Free Extracts of Friend Leukemia Virus-Infected Splenocytes 2
Authors: Steven Specter, Chandu Patel, Herman Friedman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The immunologic responsiveness by normal BALB/c spleen lymphocytes immunized in vitro with sheep erythrocytes was markedly suppressed by clarified cell-free homogenates of Friend leukemia virus (FLV)-infected mouse spleens. Suppression was achieved with a 3,000Xg supernatant of FLV-containing homogenates freed of cellular debris but not with crude unclarified homogenates or pelleted material after centrifugation. The immunosuppressive effects of the virus were dose dependent whether the virus was added directly to the target spleen cells or separated from them by a 0.4-μ Nuclepore filter. Suppression was prevented by heating of the virus at 100° C for 10 minutes or by neutralization with antiserum to FLV. Addition of the virus as late as 48 hours after in vitro immunization of splenocytes affected the immune response. However, suppression was maximum when the clarified virus was added to the splenocytes 1 or 2 days before immunization. The agent in the FLV-infected spleen homogenates responsible for immunosuppression appeared to be the virus per se; however, virus-associated soluble factor(s) might have been involved.
CD73 Expression Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Bruno G. Leclerc, Roxanne Charlebois, Guillaume Chouinard, Bertrand Allard, Sandra Pommey, Fred Saad, John Stagg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

CD73 is an adenosine-generating ecto-enzyme that suppresses antitumor immunity in mouse models of cancer, including prostate cancer. Although high levels of CD73 are associated with poor prognosis in various types of cancer, the clinical impact of CD73 in prostate cancer remains unclear.We evaluated the prognostic value of CD73 protein expression and CD8(+) cell density in 285 cases of prostate cancer on tissue microarray (TMA). Normal adjacent and tumor tissues were evaluated in duplicates.Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that high levels of CD73 in normal adjacent prostate epithelium were significantly associated with shorter biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival. Notably, CD73 expression in normal epithelium conferred a negative prognostic value to prostate-infiltrating CD8(+) cells. Surprisingly, high levels of CD73 in the tumor stroma were associated with longer BCR-free survival in univariate analysis. In vitro studies revealed that adenosine signaling inhibited NF-κB activity in human prostate cancer cells via A2B adenosine receptors. Consistent with these results, CD73 expression in the prostate tumor stroma negatively correlated with p65 expression in the nuclei of prostate tumor cells.Our study revealed that CD73 is an independent prognostic factor in prostate cancer. Our data support a model in which CD73 expression in the prostate epithelium suppresses immunosurveillance by CD8(+) T cells, whereas CD73 expression in the tumor stroma reduces NF-κB signaling in tumor cells via A2B adenosine receptor signaling. CD73 expression, including in normal adjacent prostate epithelium, can thus effectively discriminate between aggressive and indolent forms of prostate cancer.
Treatment of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia for Older Patients
Authors: Thomas Prebet, Steven D. Gore
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2011)

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) represents a remarkable disease in which leukemogenesis is driven by the PML-RARα oncogene and for which targeted treatment with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based therapy allows substantial chance of cure. APL is seen in a small subset of older patients, with age representing one of the most important prognostic factors for outcome of treatment. Unlike other acute leukemias, the inferior outcomes for APL in older patients relates less to changes in disease biology and more to the increased toxicity of ATRA and the chemotherapy combination regimens used to induce hematologic and molecular responses. Risk-adapted strategies that use less-toxic agents, such as arsenic trioxide, allow treatment of older patients, with greater efficiency and better chances of cure.
Interventional Oncology: The Fourth Leg of the Cancer Treatment Stool
Authors: Melanie B. Thomas
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

My own oncology practice, which principally includes patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a testament to integration of the panoply of interventional radiology procedures into state-of-the-art cancer treatment. Without the support and services of superb interventional radiologists, it is simply not possible to adequately care for patients with complicated HCC. In early 2011, my colleague Marcelo Guimaraes, MD, proposed that we create a joint hepatobiliary clinic. During this weekly combined interventional radiology–gastrointestinal oncology clinic, we concurrently evaluate and manage patients with HCC, cholangiocarcinoma, metastatic colorectal cancer, and neuroendocrine tumors. The goal of this clinic is to ensure close coordination of patient care, consistent incorporation of the best medical evidence into treatment decisions, and access to clinical trials when appropriate. As I was reading about the SIR meeting, several words, phrases, and themes resonated with me: team, multidisciplinary, evidence-based, collaboration, tumor board, coordination of preprocedure and postprocedure care, clinical trial. These concepts are the sine qua non of state of the art, multidisciplinary cancer care that patients expect and deserve. I personally welcome and celebrate the emergence of interventional oncology as a specialty with a full seat at the cancer care table. But I respectfully ask that my interventional radiology and interventional oncology colleagues listen, observe, learn, and embrace the lexicon of how we as oncologists converse with our patients over the arc of their cancer journey. Because I am a medical oncologist, I can only speak from the perspective of a medical oncologist, although I regularly share patient care responsibilities with radiation and surgical oncology colleagues. In oncology, we enjoy longitudinal relationships with patients—hopefully for many years, but often not. Medical oncologists are commonly the first cancer specialists that patients visit, and we are often the last one they see. Patients ask us very direct questions: “Will my cancer return?” “How long will I live?” “Will this cancer take my life?” “Is one treatment option better than another?” “What are the benefits and side effects of the treatment options?” “Will I be alive and well enough to celebrate my daughter’s wedding next spring?” Patients often ask these us these questions not once, but many times. They ask these questions when they have forgotten the answers from previous discussions, when they are seeking an answer different from what they’ve already heard, when they are at a decision point in their journey, and if their cancer has recurred or progressed. In every such conversation with patients and family members, the concept of the level of evidence that supports our recommending a particular treatment, its side effects, and attendant quality of life, is central to the words we can offer when it is difficult to find the right words.
Clinical profile and treatment outcomes in pyo-pneumothorax in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Vipin Yadav
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES  The present study is undertaken to study the age-sex profile, symptomatology, microbiologic findings, etiology, management and treatment-outcome in new patients of pyopneumothorax.  MATERIAL AND METHODS  The prospective study on 55 new cases of pyopneumothorax was conducted in patients admitted at LRS Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases,New Delhi India.In all cases closed intercostal tube along with under water seal drainage was applied along with proper chemotherapy (antibiotics / anti-tubercular) and physiotherapy given according to need. Daily assessment of the progress in the cases was made and the cases who did not have satisfactory outcomes after 3 weeks, were evaluated for thoracic surgical intervention for further management. Surgery if required was done.Patient underwent surgical intervention followed up in the OPD to record the treatment outcomes.  Results  we found out majority of them were between 15 to 45 years.The male/ female ratio was 5:1.Chest pain and cough were most common symptoms.  Tubercular and pyogenic ratio was 3:1,more frequently on the right side (52.6 %) and in three fourth of the tubercular cases the contra-lateral lung also showed active lesions.  Mean duration of intercostal tube drainage was higher in the tubercular group (54 days) as against the non-tubercular group (32 days).Overall average duration of hospital stay is 63 days ranging from 10 to 140 days.We found 60% success rate in the management of pyopneumothorax with intercostal tube drainage only. The outcome of treatment was poor in the tubercular pyopneumothorax.
Provoking factors, including chemicals, in Dutch patients with vitiligo
Authors: C. Vrijman, D. Hosseinpour, J.G. Bakker, A. Wolkerstorfer, J.D. Bos, J.P.W. van der Veen, R.M. Luiten
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

In vitiligo, many provoking factors have been described, but epidemiological data, especially on the role of contact with chemicals, are scarce.To obtain an insight into the patient-reported factors provoking vitiligo, including contact with chemicals.A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all 1264 patients with vitiligo who visited the Netherlands Institute for Pigment disorders from January 2003 to December 2007. Patients for whom an exogenous provoking factor was recorded were sent a questionnaire. Subsequently, patients who mentioned a chemical provoking factor were contacted to elucidate the alleged causal relationship between exposure to the chemical and the onset of vitiligo.A total of 300 out of the 1264 patients indicated that provoking factors had played a role in their disease. Two hundred and forty-six patients were sent a questionnaire, which was returned by 177 (response rate of 72%). Emotional stress was indicated as a provoking factor in 98 patients (55.4%), 51 patients (28.8%) recorded sunburn, 34 patients (19.2%) recorded mechanical factors and 20 patients (11.3%) other factors. Of 29 patients (16.4%) who indicated a chemical factor, a presumed causal relationship could be corroborated in four. The chemicals involved were para-tertiary butylphenol (n = 2), captan (n = 1) and diphencyprone (n = 1).The majority of the patients with vitiligo from this study did not mention provoking factors, but the ones who did point to emotional stress in more than half of the cases. Of the 29 patients who assigned chemical provoking factors, solvents were mainly indicated. However, a presumed relationship with the chemical could be corroborated in only four patients.