tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TWO ADDITIONAL CASES OF SYMPATHECTOMY FOR GLAUCOMA.
Authors: WILBUR B. MARPLE
Journal: JAMA (1904)

I wish to put on record the following two additional cases of sympathectomy for glaucoma, as it seems very desirable that all cases of this character should be reported so that we may arrive at a proper estimate as to the efficacy of the operation. <h3>Case 1.</h3> —Frank K., aged 65, Bohemian, was first seen June 20, 1903. There was nothing in his previous history, so far as his general health was concerned, which had any special bearing on the present ocular trouble. <h3>History.</h3> —He says that four years ago he "caught cold" in the left eye, with severe pain all over that side of his head. Vision failed and in eighteen weeks he was totally blind. In a year or two the left eye began to shrink. <h3>Status Praesens.</h3> —Phthisis bulbi. It is not unlikely that the trouble four years ago in the left eye was glaucoma degenerating into
TCT-581 Long-term Patient-related and Stent-related Outcomes of Second-Generation Everolimus-Eluting Xience V Stents versus Zotarolimus-Eluting Resolute Stents in Real-World Practice: Three Year Results From the Multicenter Prospective EXCELLENT and RESOLUTE-Korea Registries
Authors: Joo Myung Lee, Kyung Woo Park, Jung-Kyu Han, Han-Mo Yang, Hyun-Jae Kang, Bon-Kwon Koo, Han Cheol Lee, Sung-Il Woo, Jin Sik Park, Dong-Kyu Jin, Dong Woon Jeon, Seok-Kyu Oh, Jong Seon Park, Doo-Il Kim, Min Su Hyon, Hui-Kyung Jeon, Do-Sun Lim, Taehoon Ahn, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Duplicated Collecting System: Not Following Weigert-Meyer Rule as a Result of Renal Stone Obstructing the Lower Ureteropelvic Junction
Authors: Ramin Zamani, Richard Martinez, Madhusudhan P. Reddy
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

We report a case of duplication of a renal collecting system, not following Weigert-Myer rule as a result of obstruction caused by a renal calculus in the inferior UPJ seen on both Tc-99m mercaptoacetyltriglycine (MAG3) scintigraphy and the IVP. In the complete form, ureters insert in separate locations distally. The ureter of the upper moiety usually drains inferomedially into an ectopic location, subjecting it to obstruction. The lower moiety ureter usually drains superolaterally to its normal insertion in the trigon, which is associated with vesicoureteral reflux as a result of lack of a sufficient submucosal tunnel (Weigert-Meyer rule) leading to pyelonephritis and scarring and giving a so-called “drooping lily” appearance on IVPs.
NEW TYPE OF ADHESIVE SPECIFICITY REVEALED BY OLIGOSACCHARIDE PROBES IN ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM PATIENTS WITH URINARY TRACT INFECTION
Authors: IsobelJ. Rosenstein, Tsuguo Mizuochi, ElizabethF. Hounsell, MarkS. Stoll, RobertA. Childs, Ten Feizi
Journal: The Lancet (1988)
Heat released during relaxation equals force-length area in isometric contractions of rabbit papillary muscle.
Authors: F Mast, G Elzinga
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

It has been claimed that the mechanical performance and the related energy turnover of the left ventricle can be reliably predicted on the basis of its time-varying elastance behavior. In its most elementary form, this behavior can be mathematically described by E(t) = P(t)/[V(t)-Vd], where E is ventricular elastance, t is time, P is ventricular pressure, V is ventricular volume, and Vd is the intercept of the end-systolic pressure-volume line on the volume axis. To find out how this behavior of the ventricle as a whole is related to the properties of the myocardium, we tested the energetic prediction for the ventricle that the pressure-volume area of an isovolumic contraction equals the energy released in relaxation in experiments on isolated rabbit papillary muscle at 20 degrees C. To that end, the energy (joules) contained by the force-length area of the muscles, contracting isometrically, was compared with the heat (joules) liberated in relaxation as measured with thermopiles. Mechanical performance of the muscles was varied by altering initial muscle length and external calcium. The slope of the resulting relation between force-length area and heat liberated in relaxation (n = 26) was not significantly different from unity. Thus, the energetic prediction of the time-varying elastance model developed for the whole left ventricle was confirmed by experiments on rabbit papillary muscle at 20 degrees C.
THE INCIDENCE, CLINICAL PREDICTORS AND PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF REVERSE LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELING IN PATIENTS WITH STEMI UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI
Authors: Kwang Soo Cha, Jeong Cheon Choi, Jong Hyun Choi, Jin Hee Ahn, Hye Won Lee, Jun-Hyok Oh, Jung Hyun Choi, Han Cheol Lee, Taek Jong Hong, Myung Ho Jeong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
1157-45 Significant increase in the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame court when the coronary artery stenosis is more than 75 percent reflects significant flow abnormalities at this degree of stenosis in chronically diseased coronary arteries
Authors: Kunadian Vijayalakshmi, James A Hall, Robert A Wright, Mark A de Belder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Azathioprine‐associated acute myeloid leukemia in a patient with Crohn's disease and thiopurine <i>S</i>‐methyltransferase deficiency
Authors: Paul R. Yenson, Donna Forrest, Kjell Schmiegelow, Bakul I. Dalal
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Immunosuppressive thiopurines like azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, and thioguanine are commonly used in inflammatory and neoplastic disorders. A subset of these patients are genetically slow metabolizers due to point-mutations in enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT), and are at a higher risk of hematologic toxicity and leukemogenesis. We present such a patient who was a slow metabolizer for azathioprine, and developed a rapidly lethal form acute myeloid leukemia after relatively low dose exposure to the drug. There was prominent hemophagocytic activity in the bone marrow, and cytogenetic analysis showed a complex karyotype with monosomy 7, but no involvement of chromosome 8.
Episodic viral wheeze in preschool children: effect of topical nasal corticosteroid prophylaxis
Authors: M Silverman
Journal: Thorax (2003)

<b>Background:</b> The effect of prophylactic nasal corticosteroids on wheezing episodes associated with colds was investigated in a 12 week parallel group, double blind, randomised controlled trial in preschool children. <b>Methods:</b> Data were collected from 50 children aged 12–54 months with a history of at least three episodes of wheeze associated with colds over the previous winter, but few or no interval symptoms; 24 were given one dose of fluticasone aqueous nasal spray (50 μg) into each nostril twice daily and 26 received an indistinguishable placebo spray. Episodes of lower respiratory illness occurring within 2 days of the onset of a cold were identified from daily symptom diaries. The main outcome was nocturnal symptom score during the first 7 days of an episode. <b>Results:</b> The groups were well balanced on entry except that the treatment group had a history of more prolonged episodes. During the trial there was no significant difference in the number of episodes in the treatment and control groups (27 and 37, respectively), in the severity of nocturnal symptoms (mean score 1.33 and 1.22, respectively, confidence interval of difference −0.24 to +0.47) or in daytime symptoms, activity or total scores during episodes. Compliance was estimated to be over 50% in 43 of the children. <b>Conclusions:</b> Nasal corticosteroid treatment does not prevent acute wheezy episodes associated with upper respiratory infections (common colds) in preschool children.
Nifedipine for Hypertensive Emergencies
Authors: Robert R. Fenichel
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The conclusion of the article by Dr Grossman et al 1 might be paraphrased as this: Although not approved for this purpose, nifedipine capsules have been used (orally and sublingually) for acute reduction of blood pressure. Several well-documented reports describe profound hypotension, MI, and death when immediate-release nifedipine capsules were used in this setting. The use of immediate-release nifedipine capsules for this purpose should be avoided.  This is good advice. In fact, these recommendations and this wording have been part of the FDA-approved labeling (written communication, Raymond J. Lipicky, MD, Food and Drug Administration, August 25,1993) of immediate-release nifedipine capsules since 1993.
Will the Public's Health Fall Victim to the Home Foreclosure Epidemic?
Authors: Gary G. Bennett, Melissa Scharoun-Lee, Reginald Tucker-Seeley
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Over two million United States households have been affected by home foreclosure (or “home repossession”) in 2008 alone [1], and the epidemic shows no signs of abating. Following market downturns caused by the bursting of the dot-com bubble, mortgage interest rates were sharply lowered in the US and abroad [2],[3]. These actions resulted in massive home refinancing, dramatic increases in home demand, and higher home prices—from 1997–2006, home prices increased 124% in the US, with greater increases in Europe: 194% in Britain and 180% in Spain, and 253% in Ireland. Home ownership in the US also hit record levels [2],[3],[4] and was especially pronounced among racial/ethnic minorities, those of low socioeconomic status, and young adults [2], likely driven by the widespread availability of subprime mortgages [4],[5]. However, housing supply soon outstripped demand, prices dropped, and many homeowners—more than 7.5 million in 2005—owed more than their homes were worth [6]. Between 2006 and 2008, foreclosure filings increased 225% in the US [1].

While the literature has not fully explicated the health effects of foreclosure, related exposures have been linked with increased risk for several mental and physical health conditions [7]–[13]. This, combined with the frequent finding that home ownership has largely positive associations with health and well-being [14]–[17], suggests that the current raft of home foreclosures may represent an increasing health threat.
Abstract 416: Radiation-induced reprograming of breast cancer cells
Authors: Chann H. Lagadec, Erina Vlashi, Carmen Dekmezian, Frank Pajonk
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancers are thought to be organized hierarchically with a small number of breast cancer stem cells (BCSCs) able to re-grow a tumor while their progeny lack this ability. Recently, several groups reported enrichment for BCSCs when breast cancers were subjected to classical anticancer treatment. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to this enrichment are incompletely understood. Using non-BCSCs sorted from patient samples, we found that ionizing radiation reprogrammed differentiated breast cancer cells into induced BCSCs (iBCSCs). iBCSCs showed increased mammosphere formation, increased tumorigenicity and expressed the same stemness-related genes as BCSCs from non-irradiated samples. Reprogramming occurred in a polyploid subpopulation of cells, coincided with re-expression of the transcription factors Oct4, Sox-2, Nanog, and Klf4, and could be partially prevented by Notch inhibition. We conclude that radiation may induce a BCSC phenotype in differentiated breast cancer cells and that this mechanism contributes to increased BCSC numbers seen after classical anti-cancer treatment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 416. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-416
What Ails the FDA?
Authors: Susan Okie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Testifying before a spellbound audience in a Senate hearing room this past November, scientist and whistle-blower David J. Graham charged that his employer, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), is incapable of protecting the public from dangerous prescription drugs. Graham, an epidemiologist who monitors drug safety, conducted a study that confirmed an increase in the risk of myocardial infarction among users of rofecoxib (Vioxx), Merck's blockbuster antiinflammatory medicine. When he informed his supervisors about his findings last summer, he said, they pressured him to change his conclusions because they were inconsistent with the FDA's position on the drug's safety. A . . .
Siglec-G–CD24 axis controls the severity of graft-versus-host disease in mice
Authors: Tomomi Toubai, Guoqing Hou, Nathan Mathewson, Chen Liu, Ying Wang, Katherine Oravecz-Wilson, Emily Cummings, Corinne Rossi, Rebecca Evers, Yaping Sun, Julia Wu, Sung Won Choi, Dexing Fang, Pan Zheng, Yang Liu, Pavan Reddy
Journal: Blood (2014)
George Jeffrey Green
Authors: N. Waterfield
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Born into a farming family in Leicestershire, George Jeffrey Green and his identical twin James grew up in the countryside and from an early age had a love of country pursuits, especially horse riding and hunting, which remained a lifelong passion. At his first meet he fell off and joined the “tumblers’ club,” sustaining the first of many riding injuries, although this never dissuaded him from tackling ever larger obstacles, an attribute that was also of benefit when negotiating medical politics.

After grammar school Jeffrey studied at Liverpool University, gaining a BSc in life sciences before reading medicine and graduating with prizes in surgery and orthopaedics. During this time he met and married Susan Hotston, who also studied medicine at Liverpool.

After junior posts he was awarded a British Heart Foundation research fellowship at the department of pharmacology and therapeutics at Liverpool, becoming a …
Abstract 5166: Sex determining region Y-box 2 (SOX2) is a potential cell-lineage gene highly expressed in the pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of the lung
Authors: Ping Yuan, Humam Kadara, Carmen Behrens, Ximing Tang, Denise Woods, Luisa M. Solis, Jiaoti Huang, Monica Spinola, Wenli Dong, Guosheng Yin, Junya Fujimoto, Edward Kim, Yang Xie, Luc Girard, Cesar Moran, Waun Ki Hong, John D. Minna, Ignacio Ivan Wistuba
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents the majority (85%) of lung cancers and is comprised mainly of adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). The sequential pathogenesis of lung adenocarcinomas and SCCs occurs through dissimilar phases as the former tumors typically arise in the lung periphery whereas the latter normally arise near the central airway. We assessed the expression of SOX2, an embryonic stem cell transcriptional factor that also plays important roles in the proliferation of basal tracheal cells and whose expression is restricted to the main and central airways and bronchioles of the developing and adult mouse lung, in NSCLC by various methodologies. Here, we found that SOX2 mRNA levels, from various published datasets, were significantly elevated in lung SCCs compared to adenocarcinomas (all p&amp;lt;0.001). Moreover, a previously characterized OCT4/SOX2/NANOG signature effectively separated lung SCCs from adenocarcinomas following integration with two independent publicly available gene expression microarray datasets and which correlated with increased SOX2 mRNA in SCCs. Immunohistochemical analysis of various histological lung tissue specimens demonstrated marked nuclear SOX2 protein expression in all normal bronchial epithelia, alveolar bronchiolization structures and premalignant lesions in SCC development (hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ) and absence of expression in all normal alveoli and atypical adenomatous hyperplasias. Moreover, SOX2 protein expression was greatly higher in lung SCCs compared to adenocarcinomas following analyses in two independent large tissue microarray (TMA) sets (TMA set I, n=287; TMA set II, n=511 both p&amp;lt;0.001). Furthermore, amplification of SOX2 DNA was detected in 20% of lung SCCs tested (n=40) and in none of the adenocarcinomas (n=17). Our findings highlight a cell-lineage gene expression pattern for the stem cell transcriptional factor SOX2 in the pathogenesis of lung SCCs and raise the intriguing possibility of the growth addiction of lung SCCs specifically to SOX2-dependent pathways. Supported in part by grants from the Department of Defense (W81XWH-04-1-0142 and W81XWH-07-1-03060), and the Specialized Program of Research Excellence in Lung Cancer grant P50CA70907. Running title: SOX2 abnormalities in NSCLC Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5166.
Non‐small‐cell lung cancer associated with excessive eosinophilia and secretion of interleukin‐5 as a paraneoplastic syndrome
Authors: Renu Pandit, Aaron Scholnik, Louis Wulfekuhler, Nikolay Dimitrov
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Eosinophilia associated with solid tumors is an infrequent occurrence. The pathogenesis of tumor‐associated eosinophilia is not well understood. Interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) is a cytokine that has been implicated in the development of eosinophilia in mice and humans. However, there is little data associating IL‐5 production with eosinophilia in the presence of tumor. We report, in a patient with locally advanced NSCLC, the presence of excessive eosinophilia and elevated serum IL‐5 levels at diagnosis. Immunohistochemical staining of the primary tumor showed large amounts of intracellular IL‐5. Both eosinophil count and IL‐5 levels normalized after surgical removal of the tumor. Tumor‐associated eosinophilia observed in this case is mediated by IL‐5. The production of IL‐5 is related to the presence of the tumor. Am. J. Hematol 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Angiotensinogen T235 and ACE Insertion/Deletion Polymorphisms Associated With Albuminuria in Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Robert P Young, Juliana C N Chan, Julian A J H Critchley, Emily Poon, Gary Nicholls, Clive S Cockram
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE Genetic polymorphisms of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic proteinuria. Ethnic differences in the frequencies of these genotypes have also been reported. To date, most of these studies have been performed in white and Japanese populations. In this study, we examined the associations between albuminuria and RAS genetic polymorphisms in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a case-control study, the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) gene, the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene (M235T), and the angiotensin II (AII) type 1 receptor gene (AT1 A1166C) were examined in 110 Chinese type 2 diabetic patients. Increased urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was defined as ≥ 30 mg/day on at least two occasions during a 6-week study period. RESULTS Compared with whites, there were high frequencies of the AGT TT genotype in Chinese control subjects (120/183 = 70%) and type 2 diabetic patients (74/110 = 67%). The frequencies of the MM genotype were 5 and 3%, respectively, and those of the ACE DD genotype were 13 and 10%, respectively. Although 9% of subjects carried the C allele, the AT1 CC genotype was not found in either group. Chinese type 2 diabetic patients with increased albuminuria (n = 56) had higher systolic blood pressure (160 ± 26 mmHg vs 145 ± 27 mmHg, P &amp;lt; 0.001) than the normoalbuminuric patients (n = 54). Both the AGT TT genotype (78.6% [44/56] vs. 55.6% [30/54], odds ratio [OR]: 3.0 [1.3–6.8]) and the T allele (88% [99/112] vs. 77% [83/108], OR: 2.5 [1.3–5.4]) were associated with an increased risk of albuminuria. Patients with the AGT TT genotype (n = 74) had higher 24-h UAE than those with the MT or MM genotypes (n = 36) (median: 37.8 mg/day vs. 17.8 mg/day, P &amp;lt; 0.01). This association remained significant in patients with normotension (56 mg/day [n = 19] for patients with the TT genotype vs. 22 mg/day [n = 14] for those with the MT/MM genotype, P = 0.03). The D allele carriers (DD or DI, n = 61) had higher serum ACE activities (75.5 ± 29 U/l vs. 60.5 ± 36.3 U/l, P &amp;lt; 0.01) than the noncarriers (II genotype). The median 24-h UAE also tended to be higher in the D allele carriers (38.9 mg/day vs. 21.4 mg/day, P = 0.07). The lowest UAE was observed in patients with the MM/MT/II genotype (16.3 mg/day [n = 18]) and the highest, in patients with the TT/DD/DI genotype (52.3 mg/day [n = 43]). No association was found between the TT genotype or D allele and hypertension. CONCLUSIONS The high frequencies of the TT genotype and T allele in Chinese populations may contribute to the high prevalence of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. The possibility of synergism between the AGT TT genotype and the ACE D allele should also be explored.
Adrenal-to-Brain Transplants Improve the Prognosis for Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

THE WORD "BREAKTHROUGH" is rearing its head again. This year, it has popped up in descriptions of a radical treatment for Parkinson's disease: the transplantation of tissue from the adrenal medulla to the right caudate nucleus of the brain (Associated Press, 4/16/87). Its evocation is inspired by early reports indicating that the first patients to undergo the procedure on this continent have demonstrated a marked improvement in neurological function. Nonetheless, the surgeons who have performed the procedure caution that neither the mechanism of action nor the long-term effects of the grafts have been identified. Moreover, two graft recipients have died unexpectedly within two months of surgery. The publication by surgeons at the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico City, of favorable results in two patients (<i>N Engl J Med</i>1987;316:831-834) appears to have stimulated activity among surgeons in the United States. On April 9 and 21, similar operations were performed
Novel Actions of Next-Generation Taxanes Benefit Advanced Stages of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Renée de Leeuw, Lisa D. Berman-Booty, Matthew J. Schiewer, Stephen J. Ciment, Robert B. Den, Adam P. Dicker, William K. Kelly, Edouard J. Trabulsi, Costas D. Lallas, Leonard G. Gomella, Karen E. Knudsen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: To improve the outcomes of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), there is an urgent need for more effective therapies and approaches that individualize specific treatments for patients with CRPC. These studies compared the novel taxane cabazitaxel with the previous generation docetaxel, and aimed to determine which tumors are most likely to respond. Experimental design: Cabazitaxel and docetaxel were compared via in vitro modeling to determine the molecular mechanism, biochemical and cell biologic impact, and cell proliferation, which was further assessed ex vivo in human tumor explants. Isogenic pairs of RB knockdown and control cells were interrogated in vitro and in xenograft tumors for cabazitaxel response. Results: The data herein show that (i) cabazitaxel exerts stronger cytostatic and cytotoxic response compared with docetaxel, especially in CRPC; (ii) cabazitaxel induces aberrant mitosis, leading to pyknotic and multinucleated cells; (iii) taxanes do not act through the androgen receptor (AR); (iv) gene-expression profiling reveals distinct molecular actions for cabazitaxel; and (v) tumors that have progressed to castration resistance via loss of RB show enhanced sensitivity to cabazitaxel. Conclusions: Cabazitaxel not only induces improved cytostatic and cytotoxic effects, but also affects distinct molecular pathways, compared with docetaxel, which could underlie its efficacy after docetaxel treatment has failed in patients with CRPC. Finally, RB is identified as the first potential biomarker that could define the therapeutic response to taxanes in metastatic CRPC. This would suggest that loss of RB function induces sensitization to taxanes, which could benefit up to 50% of CRPC cases. Clin Cancer Res; 21(4); 795–807. ©2015 AACR.