tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy for the Internist.
Authors: Herman F. Froeb
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy for the Internist.Herman F. Froeb, M.D., F.A.C.P.Herman F. Froeb, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-879_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe results of 59 consecutive cases of fiberoptic bronchoscopy are presented. There were eight therapeutic bronchoscopy cases; 23, suspected carcinoma; four, peripheral coin lesions; 11, hemoptysis with negative X ray; four, undiagnosed disease; and nine with persistent cough or asthma, or both. For therapeutic bronchoscopy, five had postoperative atelectasis successfully aspirated with reexpansion of lungs or segments. The 23 cases of suspected carcinoma were located in the central or mid zone. Nine of the 11 proved carcinomas were correctly diagnosed by positive brush biopsy. The four peripheral coin lesions could not be diagnosed and were noncommunicating with bronchi on surgical... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: La Jolla, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 879-879KeywordsAsthmaBiopsyBronchiBronchoscopyLesionsLungs Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE TREATMENT OF HYPERHIDROSIS WITH TOPICAL PROPANTHELINE—A NEW TECHNIQUE
Authors: JOHN C. FBANKLAND, R. H. SEVILLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Summary.— The effectiveness of topical propantheline (Probanthine) aerosol in suppressing hyperhidrosis is confirmed in a trial carried out on 38 institutionalized, mentally subnormal patients. One foot was treated, the other served as a control. Macerative keratolysis was reduced and the growth of new skin promoted, most of this improvement lasting for more than 1 month. The treatment dried rapidly and was cosmetically acceptable. An inert aerosol was not effective.
A multicomponent recognition and separation system established via fluorescent, magnetic, dualencoded multifunctional bioprobes
Authors: Jun Hu, Min Xie, Cong-Ying Wen, Zhi-Ling Zhang, Hai-Yan Xie, An-An Liu, Yong-Yong Chen, Shi-Ming Zhou, Dai-Wen Pang
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: John M Boyce, Barry Cookson, Keryn Christiansen, Satoshi Hori, Jaana Vuopio-Varkila, Sesin Kocagöz, A Yasemin Öztop, Christina MJE Vandenbroucke-Grauls, Stephan Harbarth, Didier Pittet
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2005)

Meticillin was introduced in 1959 to treat infections caused by penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. In 1961 there were reports from the UK of S aureus isolates that had acquired resistance to meticillin (meticillin-resistant S aureus, MRSA). Similar MRSA isolates were soon found in other European countries, and later from Japan, Australia, and the USA. Today MRSA is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections, and a serious public-health concern. In this forum, we present different perspectives from across the globe to better understand the complexity of the problem, and examine the challenges that individual countries face in trying to control the spread of MRSA.
1065. Geneticin Targets Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay in Epidermolysis Bullosa
Authors: Alfred Klausegger, Verena Wally, Kamil Oender, Helmut Hintner, Johann Bauer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Approximately one third of all mutations occurring in the 10 genes causing epidermolysis bullosa (EB), a heritable blistering skin disease, are premature termination codon (PTC) mutations leading to loss of the respective mRNA presumably via nonsense mediated mRNA decay. These mutations might be sensitive to aminoglycoside read-through of the PTC. We tested this hypothesis in immortalized cells from a patient suffering of junctional EB treated with geneticin. These cells harbour the homozygous 4003delTC mutation in the COL17A1 gene, consequently, leading to a PTC further downstream. RT-PCR of the region carrying the mutation revealed detectable levels of COL17A1 mRNA in the vicinity of the mutated exon 52 in treated cells. Immunofluorescence analysis of cultured cells showed intense staining on the cell surface of treated patients cells using a type XVII collagen specific antibody. Western blot revealed a newly synthesized approx. 70kD protein reacting with this antibody. These results suggest that specific COL17A1 mRNA is transcribed to parts of the extracellular domain of type XVII collagen. Functional analysis will determine if this protein can substitute for the wild type protein.
National Survey of Internal Medicine Residency Program Directors Regarding Problem Residents
Authors: David C. Yao
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Internal medicine residency training is demanding and residents can experience a wide variety of professional and personal difficulties. A problem resident is defined by the American Board of Internal Medicine as "a trainee who demonstrates a significant enough problem that requires intervention by someone of authority." Data are sparse regarding identification and management of such residents.To gain more understanding of the prevalence, identification, management, and prevention of problem residents within US internal medicine residency programs.Mailed survey of all 404 internal medicine residency program directors in the United States in October 1999, of whom 298 (74%) responded.Prevalence of problem residents; type of problems encountered; factors associated with identification and management of problem residents.The mean point prevalence of problem residents during academic year 1998-1999 was 6.9% (SD, 5.7%; range, 0%-39%), and 94% of programs had problem residents. The most frequently reported difficulties of problem residents were insufficient medical knowledge (48%), poor clinical judgment (44%), and inefficient use of time (44%). Stressors and depression were the most frequently identified underlying problems (42% and 24%, respectively). The most frequent processes by which problem residents were discovered included direct observation (82%) and critical incidents (59%). Chief residents and attending physicians most frequently identified problem residents (84% and 76%, respectively); problem residents rarely identified themselves (2%). Many program directors believed that residents who are from an underrepresented minority, are international medical graduates, or are older than 35 years are at increased risk of being identified as a problem resident (P<.05). Program directors believed that frequent feedback sessions (65%) and an assigned mentor for structured supervision (53%) were the most helpful interventions.Nearly all internal medicine residency programs in this sample had problem residents, whose presenting characteristics and underlying issues were diverse and complex. JAMA. 2000;284:1099-1104
Regulatory mechanisms in cell-mediated immune responses. VI. Interaction of H-2 and non-H-2 genes in elaboration of mixed leukocyte reaction suppressor factor
Authors: SS Rich, FM Orson, RR Rich
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Previous studies have shown that alloantigen-activated spleen T cells produce a soluble factor which suppresses mixed lymphocyte reaction proliferative responses, and that the interaction between suppressor and responder cells is controlled by genes of the H-2 complex. However a defect in the expression of suppressor activity was identified in the mouse strain C57BL/6J. Factor prepared from alloactivated B6 spleen cells failed to suppress MLR responses of syngeneic or H-2 compatible responder cells. Unimpaired suppressor factor production by other H-2 (b) strains and failure of suppressor factor production by a B6 congenic strain, B6.C-H-2(d) isolated the defective gene to the non-H-2 portion of the genome. In addition, the defect appeared to be related specifically to inability to produce an active factor, while the capacity to respond to suppressor molecules was unimpaired. The genetic character of the non-H-2 gene action was identified in F1 hybrid studies. Initially F(1) hybrids of the nondefective histoincompatible strains were studied. Suppressor factor from F1 cells suppressed the responses of both parental strains, and parental factors each suppressed the response of F(1) cells. Adsorption of F(1) factor with Con A-activated thymocytes of either parental strain removed suppressor activity specific for that strain, leaving activity against the other parental strain intact. The data support cedominant expression and production of distinct, parental H-2 haplotype-specific suppressor molecules by F(1) suppressor cells. An F(1) hybrid of the defective B6 strain with nondefective BALB/c produced suppressor factor which was also capable of suppressing both parental strains. Production of a suppressive B6-reactive factor by F(1) cells was verified by adsorption studies. Thus it appears that non-H-2 genes of the BALB/c parent acted in a genetically dominant fashion to provide the function required for expression of B6 suppressor molecules. We conclude that multiple genes control the expression of alloactivated suppressor cell activity, with at least one gene mapped to the I-C subregion of the murine major histocompatibility complex and one or more genes mapped to the non-H-2 gene complement.
Measuring the clinical impact of thoracic computed tomographic scanning
Authors: M. O. Turner
Journal: Thorax (1997)

scanning in the management and clinical outcome of patients is diYcult to measure. Thoracic CT scans are not impact of thoracic CT scanning. stand alone tests but are used in conjunction with other investigations and diagnostic tests. Each of these tests contributes positive or negative information to the clinical Lung malignancy management. A useful diagnostic test is accurate, able to Thoracic CT scanning is commonly used to assess lung facilitate the application of specific treatment, and con- masses or nodules and to stage the extent of mediastinal tributes to a better clinical outcome for the patient. 1 Be- disease. A meta-analysis of 42 studies of lung cancer cause of these characteristics, the impact of diagnostic that staged the mediastinum by CT scanning reported a tests on clinical outcomes is less obvious than therapeutic sensitivity of 0.79 and a specificity of 0.78 for detecting interventions designed to show superiority or equivalence metastatic nodal disease. 7 The sensitivity estimate has been of eVect. The greatest impact from CT scanning would be confirmed prospectively by a randomised trial of 685 expected in clinical situations where there is significant patients evaluated for potentially resectable lung cancer. 3 uncertainty about diagnosis, extent of disease, or prognosis. A comparison of management strategies including mediastinAlthough thoracic CT scanning has greater spatial and oscopy versus CT scanning prior to thoracotomy showed a contrast discrimination than chest radiography, more ac- sensitivity of 0.78 for CT scanning and a slightly lower curate diagnostic information does not always lead to better specificity of 0.69. The primary objective of this multicentre outcomes. New information from a diagnostic test such as Canadian Lung Oncology Group (CLOG) study was to CT scanning may not change procedures or management identify the best strategy to avoid non-curative thoracotomies. plans due to pre-test probabilities that are already high or There were non-significant trends in the CT group for very low. Should CT scans be done when there is a low preventing thoracotomy without cure (relative risk 0.95, 95% likelihood of changing management decisions? In part, this CI 0.75 to 1.19), prevention of thoracotomy for the 45 depends on the accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of the (6.6%) patients with benign disease (relative risk 0.42, 95% CT scan and whether eYcacious treatment exists for a CI 0.12 to 1.13), and a decreased overall cost for services specific clinical problem. The CT diagnosis of pulmonary (mediastinoscopy was more expensive than CT scanning by embolism is a clinical situation where, compared with $708, 95% CI-$723 to $2140). 3 pulmonary angiography, spiral CT scanning is accurate, A randomised trial is a powerful approach to resolving less invasive, less expensive, more widely available, and a controversial clinical question when it has the power leads directly to therapeutic decisions. 2 The role of thoracic to detect a diVerence. However, as the CLOG study 3
Air pollution: I--From pea souper to photochemical smog.
Authors: F Godlee
Journal: BMJ (1991)

apportioned among the physicians within a region in relation to their workload."'Doctors in general practice may be salaried, paid on a capitation basis, or paid per item of service or per patient treated-or they may be paid by a combination of these methods.In the Netherlands, for example, the health insurance schemes fix an earnings target for general practitioners and calculate the capitation payment to provide 70% of this target.The assumption is that each doctor will earn the remaining 30% of the target from private practice, for which payment is made on an item of service basis.
Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Adrian M. Di Bisceglie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 October 1996Ribavirin for Chronic Hepatitis CAdrian M. Di Bisceglie, MD and Jay H. Hoofnagle, MDAdrian M. Di Bisceglie, MDSt. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO 63104National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892Search for more papers by this author and Jay H. Hoofnagle, MDSt. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO 63104National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-8-199610150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Chinitz incorrectly summarizes the results of our study of a 1-year course of ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C. Ribavirin had no effect on circulating hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels, the most direct measure of viral replication in this disease. This is in contrast to lamivudine, which in patients with chronic hepatitis B induces dramatic decreases in hepatitis B virus DNA levels within a few weeks. Ribavirin therapy was associated with markedly improved serum aminotransferase levels in one third of patients, but almost all patients had relapse once therapy was discontinued. We believe that these results support ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Louis University Health Sciences Center, St. Louis, MO 63104National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1996Volume 125, Issue 8Page: 699KeywordsAminotransferasesChronic hepatitis BChronic hepatitis CDNAHepatitis B virusHepatitis C virusLiver diseasesRNAViral diseasesViral replication Issue Published: 15 October 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Counselling failed exam candidates: Plenty of room for improvement
Authors: J N Lunn
Journal: BMJ (1993)

shown would be equivalent to (and hence would obscure) about two weeks and six months of normal weight gain in babyhood and mid- childhood respectively; when being weighed, infants should be naked and children should wear minimum clothing compatible with modesty.Despite the expensive apparatus featured in the photographs measurements of height as shown would be only an approximation of the true value, making any later inferences about rate of growth meaningless.At a time when paediatricians and the govem- ment are trying to promote high quality child health surveillance such illustrations serve only to underline how much basic education still needs to be given to those who should know better.
Amino-Terminal Pro-C-Type Natriuretic Peptide is Associated with the Presence, Severity, and Duration of Vasculogenic Erectile Dysfunction
Authors: Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Nikolaos Ioakeimidis, Dimitrios Terentes-Printzios, Konstantinos Rokkas, Konstantinos Aznaouridis, Katerina Baou, Athanasios Bratsas, Charalambos Fassoulakis, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: European Urology (2008)
PWE-031 Is Face-to-face Pre-assessment Prior To Colonoscopy Useful?
Authors: A Rothnie, H Padmanabhan, A Higgins, A Grewal, K Arndtz, A Nevill, R Mathew
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In 2009, the NPSA issued a report alerting healthcare providers to the potential risk of harm from using oral bowel cleansing agents (OBCA). Recently published consensus guidelines recommend pre-assessing patients undergoing colonoscopy before the use of OBCA. First, to determine whether pre-assessment improved the quality of bowel preparation for patients undergoing colonoscopy at our unit. Secondly whether pre-assessment helps to prevent deterioration in renal function in CKD patients. Thirdly, to define risk stratifying criteria for poor bowel preparation and use these to deploy resources to patients who are most at risk of poor bowel preparation. <h3>Methods</h3> Data was collected prospectively over of 12 months. Patients were stratified to one of three risk groups based on the presence of risk factors for poor bowel preparation taking ‘at risk’ medication and those with significant co-morbidities. Group 1 patients had no risk factors and group 3 consisted of patients with 2 or more risk factors for poor bowel preparation. Data was analysed using SPSS. <h3>Results</h3> 1840 colonoscopies were carried out during the time period. Total number analysed was 1704. Mean age was 61.7 years with a range of 16–94. 404 patients were pre assessed. Pre-assessment has significantly increased the quality of bowel preparation across all groups (OR = 1.605, p = 0.002). In groups 1 and 2 the odds of good quality bowel preparation was 80% and 72% higher respectively in patients who had been pre-assessed however these improvements were not statistically significant. Patients stratified into group 3 were 52% more likely to have good bowel preparation (p = 0.039) compared to those who were not pre-assessed. 88 patients had eGFR &lt;60 ml/min. They had eGFR checked before and after administration of OBCA. There was a significant difference in the percentage change in eGFR between those patients that had Pre-assessment (Median = 7.7%) compared with those who did not (Median= -6.6%) (p = .006, Mann-Whitney). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Face-to-face pre-assessment improved the quality of bowel preparation for patients undergoing colonoscopy. It helps to minimise the risk of renal injury in patients with CKD. Those stratified to group 3 saw a significant improvement in the quality of their bowel preparation. We conclude pre-assessment is a pre-requisite for patients who are at risk of poor bowel preparation and with significant co-morbidities. <h3>Reference</h3> Rapid Response Report NPSA/2009/RRR012. Reducing risk of harm from oral bowel cleansing solution. February 2009. National Patient Safety Agency. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
CAN THE SYNTAX SCORE BE USED IN CLINICAL PRACTICE? RESULTS OF A INTER- AND INTRA-OBSERVER VARIABILITY STUDY
Authors: Stéphane Zuily, Christophe Goetz, Julien Rosencher, Obay Oulmane, Zoheir Mami, Stéphane Manzo-Silberman, Nicolas Marque, Philippe Allouch, Olivier Bical, Alain Pavie, Christian Spaulding, Olivier Varenne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Familial multiple discoid fibromas: A look-alike of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome not linked to the FLCN locus
Authors: Theo M. Starink, Arjan C. Houweling, Martijn B.A. van Doorn, Edward M. Leter, Elisabeth H. Jaspars, R. Jeroen A. van Moorselaar, Piet E. Postmus, Paul C. Johannesma, Jan Hein van Waesberghe, Martijn H. Ploeger, Marieke T. Kramer, Johan J.P. Gille, Quinten Waisfisz, Fred H. Menko
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Modeling the benefits of pamidronate in children with osteogenesis imperfecta
Authors: Robert Lindsay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) represents a phenotypically heterogeneous group of conditions that result from a number of genetic defects in the synthesis of type 1 collagen (1). The clinical expression is primarily that of bone fragility, but other tissues can also be involved, including teeth, ligaments, and joints. The clinical classification system devised by Sillence and colleagues (1) describes most cases of OI, but recent modifications to this system encompass additional forms of the disease. Phenotypes range from a mild form that may cause only a few childhood fractures with no deformity (type I) to the most severe form (type II), which is usually lethal in the perinatal period due to multiple fractures and marked bony deformities. Types III and IV are both associated with deformity and are the most difficult to manage clinically. Each phenotype results from one or more defects in collagen production, almost all inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. At least 200 disease alleles have been reported in the COL1A1 or COL1A2 genes, and qualitative collagen defects are found to alter the structure of type 1 collagen in all forms of the disease (2). However, the milder and most commonly seen clinical variants of OI result from premature stop codons, or out-of-frame RNA splicing defects that lead to a reduction in the absolute level of type 1 collagen α-1 RNA. Recently, two variants of OI (labeled types V and VI), which involve mutations affecting genes other than those encoding type 1 collagen chains, have been described (3, 4).

The genetics of OI and the biochemical abnormalities of type 1 collagen associated with increased fracture risk have become increasingly well understood. However, the metabolic consequence of OI on the skeleton, as well as its contribution to fracture risk, still remains poorly characterized, in part because of the difficulty in evaluating skeletal homeostasis in children. For this reason, it was difficult to anticipate the effects of treating OI patients with pamidronate, an agent that has been employed as a means to reduce fractures and deformity (5, 6). Pamidronate would be expected to reduce bone remodeling but have no effect on collagen expression in OI patients or many of the immediate sequellae of incorporating mutant collagen chains into the bone matrix. Nevertheless, the elegant histomorphometric evaluations of iliac crest biopsies by Rauch et al. (7) in this issue of the JCI confirm the utility of this approach and begin to shed some light on the mechanisms by which pamidronate acts.