tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non‐Hereditary Angioedema Treated with Tranexamic Acid
Authors: E. P. Munch, B. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Ten patients with frequent attacks of non‐hereditary angioedema were treated with tranexamic acid or placebo in a double blind manner, each period lasting 3 months. During the tranexamic acid period nine patients became symptom‐free, or substantially improved, while one was unaffected ( P &lt; 0.05). In four patients itching was a major accompanying complaint which was relieved in three. Diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort were more pronounced during tranexamic acid treatment ( P &lt; 0.05), but only necessitated dose reduction in one patient. Four years later contact was obtained with eight of the nine responders and six were still taking tranexamic acid regularly, while in two patients the attacks were so infrequent that the drug was not taken regularly.
Assessing the Outcomes of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: How Many Risk Factors Are Enough? fn1fn1Dr. Naylor is supported by a Career Scientist Award from the Ontario Ministry of Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. This work was supported by an operating grant from the Sunnybrook Trust for Medical Research, North York, Ontario, Canada.fn2fn2To discuss this article on-line, visit the ACC Home page at www.acc.org/membersand click on the JACC Forum
Authors: Jack V. Tu, Kathy Sykora, C.David Naylor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
A Randomized Trial Comparing Part-time Patching with Observation for Intermittent Exotropia in Children 12 to 35 Months of Age
Authors: Brian G Mohney, Susan A Cotter, Danielle L Chandler, Jonathan M Holmes, Angela M Chen, Michele Melia, Sean P Donahue, David K Wallace, Raymond T Kraker, Melanie L Christian, Donny W Suh
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Abstract 3618: Ikkα modulates primary sclerosing cholangitis and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Qun Jiang, Zuoxiang Xiao, Timothy Back, Anthony Scarzello, Scott Roan, Jami Willette-Brown, Feng Zhu, Yinling Hu, Robert H. Wiltrout
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is the second most common primary liver cancer after hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The risk of ICC is higher in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). To date, the cellular and molecular mechanism underlying the pathological progression of PSC and ICC is poorly understood. IKKα is part of the IκB kinase (IKK) complex, which plays an important role in regulating inflammation- associated carcinogenesis through both NF-κB-dependent and independent pathways. Here, we show that IKKα mutant mice developed very serious PSC as early as four weeks of age. The ALT/AST and bilirubin levels were significantly increased in the serum of IKKα mutant mice along with lymphocytic and eosinophilic infiltration into the liver. Liver inflammation in the IKKα mutant mice, mediated by macrophages, neutrophils and CD4+ T cells, was associated with the death of cholangiocytes and hepatocytes, and obstruction of intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts, which impeded bile flow and ultimately led to biliary fibrosis and cirrhosis. Additionally, upon activation of NOTCH signaling in the liver via hydrodynamic shear, we observed that NOTCH-induced ICC, with the PSC, developed significantly faster in IKKα mutant mice. To identify whether intrinsic IKKα dysfunction in hepatocytes promotes the NOTCH-induced ICC in IKKα mutant mice, we generated IKKα hep KO mice, in which IKKα is conditionally knocked out in hepatocytes. No biliary disease or liver injury was observed in these mice. We then established an accelerated ICC model utilizing hydrodynamic delivery of NICD and AKT expression vectors. Unexpectedly, ICC development was remarkably slower in the IKKα hep KO mice compared to the IKKα floxed control mice, and this delayed ICC development was associated with reduced activation or levels of AKT, NOTCH, MAPK/ERK and c-Myc. These data suggest that IKKα may play a protective role in PSC, while promote ICC derived from hepatocytes. In contrast to ICC, we also established the cMET/β-catenin-induced HCC model in the IKKα hep KO mice, which did not reveal any difference in tumor development between IKKα hep KO and control mice. Taken together, our findings suggest that IKKα plays complicated and important roles in PSC and ICC pathological progression. Citation Format: Qun Jiang, Zuoxiang Xiao, Timothy Back, Anthony Scarzello, Scott Roan, Jami Willette-Brown, Feng Zhu, Yinling Hu, Robert H. Wiltrout. Ikkα modulates primary sclerosing cholangitis and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3618. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3618
Book: Evidence-Based Family Medicine
Authors: T. Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Walter W Rosser, Sharon Shafir B C Decker, $50, pp 180 ISBN 1 55009 053 4 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> Evidence based care requires the use of the best external evidence in the care of patients, usually derived from studies of populations of patients and mostly disease oriented and quantitative in nature. Patient centred care, in contrast, emphasises concerns about illness rather than disease and incorporates qualitative data about the concerns and beliefs of individual patients. Shared decision making, when patients as well as doctors have access to the relevant information, and in which the patients' values and preferences play an important role, is a way of bridging the gap between these two viewpoints. For it to be successful, however, doctors must be able to assess the information in the first place, as well as … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Proteomic investigation of pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: Elena Bargagli, Claudia Landi, Alfonso Carleo, Giuseppe Cillis, Rosa Metella Refini, David Bennett, Maria Giovanna Perari, Luca Bini, Paola Rottoli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Pulmonary Sarcoidosis is characterised by hystiopatological features of noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas originated from alveolar macrophages. Despite sarcoidosis occurs more frequent in never-smoker subjects than smokers, it has been speculated that unknown inhaled antigens may induce aberrant leukocytes stimulation leading to formation of sarcoid granuloma.  Our group of research applied the proteomic approach to the analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in order to contribute to the study of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease and to differentiate potential disease biomarkers.  BALF samples were resolved by 2D-electrophoresis. Protein identification was carried out by mass spectrometry and adequate statistical analysis and bioinformatic tools were also applied. 9 patients with sarcoidosis, 10 never-smoker (NSC) and 8 smoker controls (SC) were enrolled.  55 protein spots, corresponding to 38 proteins, were differentially expressed in patients than controls; among the protein up-regulated in sarcoidosis compared with healthy controls there were alpha2-HS-glycoprotein, ApoAI and transthyretin, meanwhile proteins down-regulated in sarcoidosis than controls were actin cytoplasmic 1 and glutathione S-transferase P. Lysozyme C was differently expressed in sarcoidosis cases than SC and complement C3 was up-regulated in patients and SC than NSC. Enrichment analysis showed several molecular pathways involved in the disease pathogenesis that included complement system, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism and immunoregulation.  Interesting proteins and molecular pathways, potentially related to sarcoidosis pathogenesis, were highlighted in this study. Their potential role as prognostic bioindicators has to be further investigated.
变态反应基础知识(二)——变态反应疾病的流行病学
Authors: Jarvis, Burney, 邢军
Journal: BMJ (1998)

特应性是指机体接触普通变应原后,如屋尘螨、花粉和猫,产生特异性 IgE 的反应。特应性体质与多种变态反应疾病,如哮喘、枯草热,湿疹密切相关,但不是每个特应性体质的人均产生变态反应症状,而临床上,对变态反应疾病的患者进行变应原的
Monosomy 13 Is Associated With the Transition of Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance to Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Hervé Avet-Loiseau, Jian-Yong Li, Nadine Morineau, Thierry Facon, Christophe Brigaudeau, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Bernard Grosbois, Régis Bataille
Journal: Blood (1999)
Clinical competence in exercise testing
Authors: Robert C. Schlant, Gottlieb C. Friesinger, James J. Leonard, Sankey V. Williams, James L. Achord, Gottlieb C. Friesinger, Francis J. Klocke, James J. Leonard, Richard L. Popp, William A. Reynolds, Thomas J. Ryan, Robert C. Schlant, William L. Winters
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Abstract 12114: Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Diabetic Patients: MADIT-CRT
Authors: David T Martin, Scott McNitt, Richard W Nesto, Arthur J Moss, Martin K Rutter
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: The benefit of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in heart failure (HF) patients (pts) with diabetes mellitus (DM) is unclear. We evaluated the effect of CRT in DM and non-DM pts...
Abstract P58: Impact of 2005 AHA Guidelines on OOHCA Survival
Authors: Lynn J White, Michael R Sayre, Sarah A Cantrell, Brian C Hiestand, Michael Cudnik, Shawn C Koser, David P Keseg
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: To describe changes in out-of-hospital sudden cardiac arrest (OOHCA) survival before and after the release of the 2005 AHA guidelines for CPR and ECC. Methods: Analysis of survival data from a pre-established Utstein style OOHCA registry was conducted for 1923 adult cases of OOHCA treated by EMS between April 1, 2004 and December 31, 2007. These data represented all adult cases treated by one EMS system in a large metropolitan area (population 711,432). The primary endpoint was survival to hospital discharge. A convenience sample of 69 electronic ECG recordings was also analyzed using impedence waveform analysis to assess CPR quality parameters during corresponding time periods. Intervention: Implementation of the 2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR and ECC in Spring 2006. Results: Annual OOHCA incidence rate was 72/100,000, and VF incidence rate was 15/100,000. Bystander CPR rates were 27%, and 8% of arrests occurred in a public location. PAD AED use was 2% over the entire study period and few patients received hypothermia therapy. Unadjusted OOHCA survival rates were significantly higher in the post-guidelines period 8.2% (n=1055) than in the pre-guidelines period 5.3% (n=868) despite similarities in all major predictors of outcome (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.05–1.69). Bystander witnessed OOHCA survival for victims with VF on EMS arrival was 18 of 89 (20%) pre-guidelines vs. 31 of 110 (28%) post-guidelines (OR 1.55; 95% CI 0.8 –3.0). CPR quality measures showed significant improvement in the post-guideline period. The mean no-flow fraction (NFF) in the pre-guidelines group was 0.46 (95% CI 0.41– 0.51), while the mean NFF in the post-guidelines group was 0.34 (95% CI 0.29 – 0.40). Multivariate regression analysis controlling for significant predictors of survival showed that OOHCA in the post-guidelines time period were associated with 1.75 greater odds of survival than those in the pre-guidelines time period (95% CI 1.17–2.62). Conclusion: Substantial improvement occurred in overall OOHCA survival rates following the implementation of the 2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR and ECC. These changes are associated with improvements in the quality of CPR.
Abstract 13973: Impaired Right Ventricular Hemodynamics Suggest Preclinical Pulmonary Hypertension in Patients With Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Deepa M Gopal, Yi-Chih Wang, Nir Ayalon, Courtney Donohue, Rajalakshmi Santhanakrishnan, Youssef Rahban, Noyan Gokce, Alejandro J Perez, Jill Downing, Chang-seng Liang, Wilson S Colucci, Jennifer E Ho
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with preclinical metabolic heart disease (MHD) as reflected by left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. Very little is known about right ventricular (RV) function and/or pulmonary hypertension in MetS or early MHD. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that that MetS is associated with subclinical RV dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension. Methods: A total of 164 subjects with MetS but without cardiovascular disease (mean age 45 years, 71% women, mean BMI 41 kg/m 2 ), 40 similarly obese controls without MetS, and 36 non-obese healthy controls underwent echocardiography, including pulsed-wave Doppler measurement of pulmonary artery acceleration time (PAAT) and ejection time (ET). PA systolic pressure was estimated from PAAT using validated equations. Results: MetS was associated with lower tricuspid valve e', shorter PAAT, shorter ET, and larger PA diameter compared with controls (Table). A total of 24% of individuals with MetS had an abnormal PAAT (&lt;100 msec). Estimated PA systolic pressure based on PAAT was 42±10 mmHg in MetS compared with 32±10 and 32±9 mmHg in healthy and obese controls (P for ANOVA &lt;0.0001). In contrast, RV structure and systolic function were similar in MetS compared with controls ( Table ). After adjustment for age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and body-mass index, MetS remained associated with shorter PAAT (P=0.03 vs healthy; P=0.0005 vs obese). Among MetS, PAAT was correlated with mitral mean e’ (r=0.20, P=0.004), E/A ratio (r=0.21, P=0.008), and tricuspid e’ (r=0.20, P=0.04). A total of 40% of participants with abnormal PAAT also had low mean e’ (&lt;8 cm/s). Conclusions: MetS is associated with abnormal RV hemodynamics as evidenced by shorter PAAT, which correlates with measures of LV diastolic function. Estimated PA systolic pressures are significantly higher in preclinical MetS and MHD, and raise the possibility that pulmonary hypertension contributes to the pathophysiology of MHD.
Mature MicroRNAs Mir-18, -19a, -19b, -17-5p and -92 of the Mir-17-92 Cluster Predict for Treatment Free Survival In Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia
Authors: Rachel E. Culpin, Kim Pearce, James R. Bailey, Nicola J. Sunter, Joanna C. Pointon, Stephen J. Proctor, David J. Allsup, James M. Allan, Tryfonia Mainou-Fowler
Journal: Blood (2010)
Abstract 18621: Association of Diabetes Mellitus and Clinical Atherosclerosis with Mitochondrial DNA Damage
Authors: Jessica L Fetterman, Scott W Ballinger, Monica Holbrook, David G Westbrook, Jamelle A Brown, Kyle P Feeley, Brittany D Berk, Erika A Linder, Michael E Widlansky, Pamela Dorsey, Rebecca Leleiko, Bihua Feng, Noyan Gokce, Naomi M Hamburg, Joseph A Vita
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Mitochondria are recognized as an important source of oxidants that may contribute to vascular disease in diabetes mellitus (DM). Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is particularly sensitive to oxidative damage. In turn, mitochondrial DNA damage leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitochondrial oxidant production. We sought to evaluate the relation of DM and clinical atherosclerotic disease (coronary artery disease and/or peripheral artery disease) to mtDNA damage in patients. We enrolled 266 patients (age 57±9 years, 60% women) with atherosclerosis alone (N=55), DM alone (N=70), combined atherosclerosis and DM (N=43), and controls age>45 without DM or atherosclerosis (N=98). We measured mtDNA damage in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using quantitative PCR which is based upon the principle that the DNA polymerase is blocked by lesions resulting in a loss of PCR product. The mtDNA lesion frequency (LF) is calculated as the ratio of the amplified product of the majority of the mtDNA (16kb) to that of a small section allowing for normalization to copy number (0.2kb). As shown in the Figure, mtDNA damage levels were higher in each of the 3 patient groups as compared to controls. In bivariate analyses, there were no significant associations of additional cardiovascular risk factors including age, sex, body-mass index, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or smoking with mtDNA damage levels. In multivariable models adjusting for age and sex and relevant cardiovascular risk factors, a significant association persisted for DM (β=0.27±0.11, P=0.01) but not atherosclerosis (β=0.14±0.11, P=0.23) with mtDNA damage levels. Our findings demonstrate increased mtDNA damage in patients with DM and are consistent with the possibility that DM triggers mitochondrial damage that may promote oxidative stress. Further study is required to identify the mechanisms of mtDNA damage in patients with DM and to investigate the potential links to vascular dysfunction and atherogenesis.
Does smoking status at time of diagnosis of lung cancer independently predict survival at 6 months
Authors: Rachel Roberts, Keir Lewis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Studies suggest that continued smoking after a diagnosis of Lung Cancer (LC) independently worsens quality of life, and shortens life expectancy, but these were retrospective and smoking was not validated biochemically 1,2 . We wanted to see if current smoking status independently affects prognosis in newly diagnosed LC.  We report early findings from 406 patients with newly diagnosed LC who were followed for at least 6 months. Smoking status was verified by exhaled carbon monoxide (eCO) on every clinical visit.  Smoking status was entered alongside performance status and TM BMJ 2010:340:b5569.  2. Chest. 2004; 126: 1733-41.
Relationship between CYP2D6 and estrogen receptor alpha polymorphisms on tamoxifen metabolism in adjuvant breast cancer treatment
Authors: J. L. Grabinski, L. S. Smith, G. B. Chisholm, R. Drengler, G. I. Rodriguez, A. S. Lang, S. P. Kalter, A. M. Garner, L. M. Fichtel, B. H. Pollock, J. G. Kuhn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

505 Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) and its metabolites display large inter-individual variation with profound implications for breast cancer outcomes. Tamoxifen is hydroxylated to the potent metabolites, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OH TAM) and endoxifen, by various cytochrome P450 (CYP450) genes including CYP2C9 and CYP2D6. The SULT1A1 gene is involved in the conjugation of 4-OH TAM. Tamoxifen’s binding site is the estrogen receptor (ER). Methods: Clinical data and blood samples were collected for 301 patients (299 female, 2 male) receiving at least 8 weeks of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. HPLC analysis assessed TAM, N-desmethyltamoxifen (N-DMT), and 4-OH TAM levels. Genotyping of the CYP2C9 (*2,*3), CYP2D6 (*2, *3, *4, *6, *7, *8, *14) and SULT1A1 (*2) genes was determined by Pyrosequencing. CYP2D6 genotypes were subdivided into poor (PM), intermediate (IM), and extensive (EM) metabolizers. Genotyping of ER alpha polymorphisms, Pvu II and Xba I, utilized a Taqman Allelic Discrimination Assay. The Wilcoxon Rank Sum test was used to test associations of genotype and quantitative metabolite levels, within genotype associations, and ethnicity. Results: The majority of our patients were Caucasian (68%) and Hispanic (26%). The mean (± SD) levels for TAM, 4-OH TAM and N-DMT were 111.7 (± 58.4 ng/ml), 2.2 (± 1.5 ng/ml) and 204.7 (± 104.1 ng/ml), respectively. The CYP2D6 genotype was statistically associated with 4-OH TAM levels (p=0.0002). Differences were detected between EM and PM (p=0.0001) and IM and PM (p=0.0029). ER alpha Pvu II genotypes were shown to influence TAM levels (p=0.02). Significant differences were identified between the PP and Pp genotypes (p=0.0064) and between PP and pp genotypes (p=0.03). Hispanics had significantly higher levels of TAM (p=0.02) and 4-OH TAM (p=0.007) than Caucasians. Conclusions: Genotype and ethnicity are significantly associated with levels of TAM and 4-OH TAM and may explain clinical variation in response to TAM treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Epidemiological evidence concerning a possible causal link
Authors: A. Hofman, D. P W M Wientjens
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The occurrence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in British dairy farmers possibly exposed to cattle with bovine spongiform encephalopathy has focused attention on the possibility of a causal link between the two diseases. We briefly review the currently available epidemiological evidence.

The table shows the incidence of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Britain. The data are based on registries in the countries, which have used similar methods of surveillance and criteria for diagnosis since the start of a European collaborative study in …
“New Dawn” for Botswana
Authors: Ernest Darkoh
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ligation of CD40 induces the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor by endothelial cells and monocytes and promotes angiogenesis in vivo
Authors: Michael Melter, Marlies E. J. Reinders, Masayuki Sho, Soumitro Pal, Christopher Geehan, Mark D. Denton, Debabrata Mukhopadhyay, David M. Briscoe
Journal: Blood (2000)
Functional Status and Well-being of Patients With Chronic Conditions
Authors: Anita L. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Enhancing daily functioning and well-being is an increasingly advocated goal in the treatment of patients with chronic conditions. We evaluated the functioning and well-being of 9385 adults at the time of office visits to 362 physicians in three US cities, using brief surveys completed by both patients and physicians. For eight of nine common chronic medical conditions, patients with the condition showed markedly worse physical, role, and social functioning; mental health; health perceptions; and/or bodily pain compared with patients with no chronic conditions. Each condition had a unique profile among the various health components. Hypertension had the least overall impact; heart disease and patient-reported gastrointestinal disorders had the greatest impact. Patients with multiple conditions showed greater decrements in functioning and well-being than those with only one condition. Substantial variations in functioning and well-being within each chronic condition group remain to be explained. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:907-913)