tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypercholesterolemia Suppresses Inwardly Rectifying K <sup>+</sup> Channels in Aortic Endothelium In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Yun Fang, Emile R. Mohler, Esther Hsieh, Hashim Osman, Seyed M. Hashemi, Peter F. Davies, George H. Rothblat, Robert L. Wilensky, Irena Levitan
Journal: Circulation Research (2006)

Inwardly rectifying K + (Kir) channels are responsible for maintaining endothelial membrane potential and play a key role in endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. In this study, we show that endothelial Kir channels are suppressed by hypercholesterolemic levels of lipoproteins in vitro and by serum hypercholesterolemia in vivo. Specifically, exposing human aortic endothelial cells to acetylated low-density lipoprotein or very low density lipoprotein resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in Kir current that correlated with the degree of cholesterol loading. The suppression was fully reversible by cholesterol depletion. Furthermore, a decrease in Kir current resulted in depolarization of endothelial membrane potential. Most important, the flow sensitivity of Kir currents was also impaired by cholesterol loading. Specifically, flow-induced increase in Kir current was suppressed by 70%, and flow-induced hyperpolarization was almost completely abrogated. Furthermore, we show that hypercholesterolemia in vivo also strongly suppresses endothelial Kir currents and causes a shift in endothelial membrane potential, as determined by comparing the currents in aortic endothelial cells freshly isolated from healthy or hypercholesterolemic pigs. Therefore, we suggest that suppression of Kir current is one of the important factors in hypercholesterolemia-induced endothelial dysfunction.
Prolonged Infusion of Gemcitabine: Clinical and Pharmacodynamic Studies During a Phase I Trial in Relapsed Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Authors: Varsha Gandhi, William Plunkett, Min Du, Mary Ayres, Elihu H. Estey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum tolerated duration of infusions at the fixed gemcitabine dose rate of 10 mg/m2/min and to analyze the pharmacodynamic actions in leukemia blasts during gemcitabine therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study was conducted in a phase I trial by escalating the duration of gemcitabine infusion at a fixed-dose rate of 10 mg/m2/min. Patients with relapsed or refractory acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) received gemcitabine for 8.0 (n = 3), 10.0 (n = 3), 12.5 (n = 8), 15.5 (n = 3), or 18.0 hours (n = 2). Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic investigations were undertaken in circulating AML blasts. RESULTS: Gemcitabine was infused for up to 18 hours at the fixed-dose rate. Four patients had grade 3 toxicities at longer infusion schedules. One patient had a partial remission; two others had a reduction in blasts and concomitant rise in neutrophils. Gemcitabine triphosphate was detectable in AML cells even at 1 hour after the start of infusion in eight patients. The concentration ranged from 130 to 900 μmol/L at the end of the infusion. Consistently, there was a rapid decline in DNA synthesis, which remained suppressed at 85% to 95% during and for at least 10 hours after the end of the infusion. Compared with levels in cells measured before therapy, at 8 hours after the start of the infusion, there was a decline in the cellular purine deoxynucleotide pools. CONCLUSION: At the fixed-dose rate of 10 mg/m2/min, gemcitabine could be administered for longer than 12 hours without untoward toxicity. The favorable toxicity profile and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features warrant combination with DNA-damaging agents.
Low back disorders: evidence-based prevention and rehabilitation
Authors: C Richardson, J Hides
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

S McGill. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics (www.HumanKinetics.com), 2002, £34.00, pp 312. ISBN 0736042415

There are many ways in which rehabilitative exercise, postural correction, ergonomics, as well as vast numbers of pain relieving techniques can assist in the prevention and treatment of low back pain. Research teams throughout the world are beginning to provide evidence for effective management strategies within their areas of expertise. This research often relies on development of valid and reliable measurement techniques. Some research teams focus on clinical trials, in which validated pain and disability measures are used to provide evidence for efficacy of a particular method …
Uptake and Kinetics of Tc-99m Hexakis 2-Methoxy Isobutyl Isonitrile in Benign and Malignant Lesions in the Lungs
Authors: I M HASSAN, A SAHWEIL, C CONSTANTINIDES, A MAHMOUD, M NAIR, Y T OMAR, H M ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Kinetics of Tc-99m MIBI uptake was studied in 19 patients with lung lesions (6 benign, 13 malignant). Two dynamic studies were acquired after the I.V. injection of 10-15mCi (370-550 MBq); the first was every second for 60 seconds, followed by a second one every minute for 30 minutes. Delayed images were acquired at two and three hours. By assigning regions of interest (ROI) over the lung lesions (TR), contralateral normal lung (NL) and the heart (Ht), time activity curves (TAC) were generated and time to peak activity was calculated as well as the ratios of TR/NL, Ht/TR and Ht/NL. The Ht/NL ratio was also assessed in five patients referred with diagnosis of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) for myocardial imaging. There was a localized increase of Tc-99m MIBI uptake in ten patients with untreated malignant tumours of the lung. No localized uptake was found in one patient with untreated poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, two treated lung cancer and four patients with non-malignant lesions of the lungs. Two patients with fibrosing alveolitis showed diffuse increase lung uptake. In all positive studies peak tumour was reached within the first minute. There was no statistical difference in the ratio of Ht/NL between all groups except in patients with fibrosing alveolitis. There was no significant difference between the ratios TR/NL, Ht/TR and Ht/NL at 5-10 minutes and 25-30 minutes. The ratio of TR/NL at 25-30 minutes was 1.58 +/- 0.36 in the positive cases versus 1 +/- 0.22 in the negative ones.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Tissue Engineering: Three‐Dimensional Human Tissue Chips Fabricated by Rapid and Automatic Inkjet Cell Printing (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 4/2013)
Authors: Michiya Matsusaki, Kayo Sakaue, Koji Kadowaki, Mitsuru Akashi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Rapid and automatic tissue engineering technology for 3D-human tissue chips consisting of over 400 simplified microtissues is described by Mitsuru Akashi and co-workers on page 534. The 3D-liver micro-arrays consisting of hepatocytes and endothelial cells are prepared by combination of hierarchical cell manipulation and inkjet cell printing technologies. The 3D-human tissue chips will be useful as an innovative technology for pharmaceutical assays.
HIV-1 evades virus-specific IgG2 and IgA responses by targeting systemic and intestinal B cells via long-range intercellular conduits
Authors: Weifeng Xu, Paul A Santini, John S Sullivan, Bing He, Meimei Shan, Susan C Ball, Wayne B Dyer, Thomas J Ketas, Amy Chadburn, Leona Cohen-Gould, Daniel M Knowles, April Chiu, Rogier W Sanders, Kang Chen, Andrea Cerutti
Journal: Nature Immunology (2009)
Elevated Levels of Inflammation, D-Dimer, and Homocysteine Are Associated With Adverse Calf Muscle Characteristics and Reduced Calf Strength in Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Mary M. McDermott, Luigi Ferrucci, Jack M. Guralnik, Lu Tian, David Green, Kiang Liu, Jin Tan, Yihua Liao, William H. Pearce, Joseph R. Schneider, Paul Ridker, Nader Rifai, Frederick Hoff, Michael H. Criqui
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
ASSOCIATION OF SYMPTOM ONSET-TO-DOOR TIME AND DOOR-TO-BALLOON TIME WITH ONE-YEAR MORTALITY AFTER PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ANALYSIS FROM THE KOREA ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION REGISTRY
Authors: Kwang Soo Cha, Jong Min Hwang, Hye Won Lee, Sung Gyu An, Jun Hyuk Oh, Min Soo Ahn, Han Cheol Lee, Taek Jong Hong, Jeong Su Kim, June Hong Kim, Kook Jun Chun, Jung Su Lee, Myungho Jeong, Youngkeun Ahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effects of Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco “Maras powder” use on Cardiac Autonomic Function and Inflammation
Authors: Gurkan Acar, Murat Akkoyun, Imran Dirnak, Soner Olmez, Mustafa Saygın Deniz, Ahmet Akcay, Idris Ardic, Cemal Tuncer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The effect of anisotropic architecture on cell and tissue infiltration into tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: M.M.C.G. Silva, L.A. Cyster, J.J.A. Barry, X.B. Yang, R.O.C. Oreffo, D.M. Grant, C.A. Scotchford, S.M. Howdle, K.M. Shakesheff, F.R.A.J. Rose
Journal: Biomaterials (2006)
Surgery of the rheumatoid cervical spine.
Authors: R A Johnston, I G Kelly
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Patients with rheumatoid disease who are admitted to hospital will often show radiological evidence of the disease process in the cervical spine.'The atlantoaxial level is most commonly affected with subaxial levels being less com- monly involved.2Only a minority of these patients will have neurological symptoms of this cervical disease, however.
Electronic Media–Based Health Interventions Promoting Behavior Change in Youth
Authors: Kimberly Hieftje, E. Jennifer Edelman, Deepa R. Camenga, Lynn E. Fiellin
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Little research has been done on the efficacy of electronic media-based interventions, especially on their effect on health or safety behavior. The current review systematically identified and evaluated electronic media-based interventions that focused on promoting health and safety behavior change in youth.To assess the type and quality of the studies evaluating the effects of electronic media-based interventions on health and safety behavior change.Studies were identified from searches in MEDLINE (1950 through September 2010) and PsycINFO (1967 through September 2010). The review included published studies of interventions that used electronic media and focused on changes in behavior related to health or safety in children aged 18 years or younger.Nineteen studies met the criteria and focused on at least 1 behavior change outcome. The focus was interventions related to physical activity and/or nutrition in 7 studies, on asthma in 6, safety behaviors in 3, sexual risk behaviors in 2, and diabetes mellitus in 1. Seventeen studies reported at least 1 statistically significant effect on behavior change outcomes, including an increase in fruit, juice, or vegetable consumption; an increase in physical activity; improved asthma self-management; acquisition of street and fire safety skills; and sexual abstinence. Only 5 of the 19 studies were rated as excellent.Our systematic review suggests that interventions using electronic media can improve health and safety behaviors in young persons, but there is a need for higher-quality, rigorous interventions that promote behavior change.
Lymphomas of African Children
Authors: Gilbert Dalldorf
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I regret that Doctor O'Conor has misinterpreted the intent of my brief report and assumed that it included a complete bibliography of the subject. Most pathologists studying the data would, I suspect, be disposed to consider whether the lymphomas were not simply the equivalent of our common lymphatic leukemia. Doctor O'Conor seems prepared to surrender that explanation, while I suggest that it is the correct one. I place confidence in the Kenya data because they proved reliable in so many respects as, for example, in the frequency of other childhood tumors, such as retinoblastoma and Wilms tumor. The striking difference is in the nature of the leukemia-lymphomas—and even here the combined frequency corresponded to common experience. The reference to lymph node involvement referred to clinical rather than post mortem observations. Whether the difference in age distribution between the lymphomas and leukemias is minor is a matter of
EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THERAPEUTIC EFFICIENCY OF ANTIFUNGAL SUBSTANCES
Authors: S. R. M. BUSHBY, SHEILA M. STEWART
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1949)

Journal Article EXPERIMENTAL ASSESSMENT OF THERAPEUTIC EFFICIENCY OF ANTIFUNGAL SUBSTANCES Get access S. R. M. BUSHBY, M.Sc.Brist., S. R. M. BUSHBY, M.Sc.Brist. Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SHEILA M. STEWART, B.Sc.Lond. SHEILA M. STEWART, B.Sc.Lond. Wellcome Research Laboratories, Beckenham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 61, Issue 10, 1 October 1949, Pages 315–321, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1949.tb11036.x Published: 01 October 1949
Metoprolol-induced hepatitis: Is the rate of oxidation related to drug-induced hepatotoxicity?
Authors: M. S. Lennard
Journal: Hepatology (1989)

Metoprolol is as widely used beta-adrenoreceptor antagonist. There is no report of hepatitis involving this drug as well as other beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists. Metoprolol is metabolized by three major oxidation pathways. Two of them, Odealkylation and alpha-hydroxylation, undergo genetically controlled polymorphisms correlated with that of debrisoquine oxidation. This finding strongly suggests that metoprolol oxidation depends at least partly on the same isozyme of cytochrome P-450 involved in the genetic polymorphism of oxidation of debrisoquine and other drugs such as sparteine, perhexiline, and other beta-adrenoreceptor antagonists. Poor metabolizers of debrisoquine and metoprolol exhibit abnormal pharmacokinetics of metoprolol, which can result in an overdose after administration of a standard dose. There is a clear association between impairment of debrisoquine oxidation and susceptibility to develop liver injury with perhexiline. Does such an association exist for metoprolol? We report the first case of hepatitis induced by metoprolol and the result of drug oxidation phenotyping.
A role for TSLP in the development of inflammation in an asthma model
Authors: Amin Al-Shami, Rosanne Spolski, John Kelly, Andrea Keane-Myers, Warren J. Leonard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2005)

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is a cytokine that promotes CD4+ T cell homeostasis. We now demonstrate that TSLP is required to mount a normal CD4+ T cell-mediated inflammatory response. TSLP acts directly on naive, but not, memory CD4+ T cells, and promotes their proliferation in response to antigen. In addition, TSLP exerts an effect indirectly through DCs to promote Th2 differentiation of CD4+ T cells. Correspondingly, TSLP receptor (TSLPR) knockout (KO) mice exhibit strong Th1 responses, with high levels of interleukin (IL)-12, interferon-gamma, and immunoglobulin (Ig) G2a, but low production of IL-4, -5, -10, -13, and IgE; moreover, CD4+ T cells from these animals proliferate less well in response to antigen. Furthermore, TSLPR KO mice fail to develop an inflammatory lung response to inhaled antigen unless supplemented with wild-type CD4+ T cells. This underscores an important role for this cytokine in the development of inflammatory and/or allergic responses in vivo.
Cardiac resynchronization therapy can reverse abnormal myocardial strain distribution in patients with heart failure and left bundle branch block
Authors: Ole-A Breithardt, Christoph Stellbrink, Lieven Herbots, Piet Claus, Anil M Sinha, Bart Bijnens, Peter Hanrath, George R Sutherland
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Letter: Thrombolytic therapy in haemolytic-uraemic syndrome.
Authors: E Ekert
Journal: BMJ (1974)

correct period.The skewness of the distribu- tion suggests a bias towards slower rather than more rapid rates.Surprisingly perhaps this bias seems less evident when the solutions contained additives, though in this subgroup the proportion of correctly administered solutions was higher.It seems likely that the methods used in our survey will underestimate the true extent and size of variations in rate.Because we measured only the mean infusion rate shortterm decreases or increases would be missed.Attempts to correct these variations are commonly encountered in the ward as efforts to "get the bottle through in time" or to "slow it down a bit until we have someone free to change it."We look forward to hearing about the servo-controlled regulating clamp mentioned by Drs.Flack and Whyte, which will take a little of the uncertainty out of intravenous infusion therapy.-Weare, etc.,
Dog Ownership Enhances Symptomatic Responses to Air Pollution in Children with Asthma
Authors: Rob McConnell, Kiros Berhane, Jassy Molitor, Frank Gilliland, Nino Künzli, Peter S. Thorne, Duncan Thomas, W. James Gauderman, Edward Avol, Fred Lurmann, Edward Rappaport, Michael Jerrett, John M. Peters
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

BackgroundExperimental data suggest that asthma exacerbation by ambient air pollutants is enhanced by exposure to endotoxin and allergens; however, there is little supporting epidemiologic evidence.MethodsWe evaluated whether the association of exposure to air pollution with annual prevalence of chronic cough, phlegm production, or bronchitis was modified by dog and cat ownership (indicators of allergen and endotoxin exposure). The study population consisted of 475 Southern California children with asthma from a longitudinal cohort of participants in the Children's Health Study. We estimated average annual ambient exposure to nitrogen dioxide, ozone, particulate matter < 10, 2.5, and 10–2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10, PM2.5, and PM10–2.5, respectively), elemental and organic carbon, and acid vapor from monitoring stations in each of the 12 study communities. Multivariate models were used to examine the effect of yearly variation of each pollutant. Effects were scaled to the variability that is common for each pollutant in representative communities in Southern California.ResultsAmong children owning a dog, there were strong associations between bronchitic symptoms and all pollutants examined. Odds ratios ranged from 1.30 per 4.2 μg/m3 for PM10–2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.91–1.87) to 1.91 per 1.2 μg/m3 for organic carbon (95% CI, 1.34–2.71). Effects were somewhat larger among children who owned both a cat and dog. There were no effects or small effects with wide CIs among children without a dog and among children who owned only a cat.ConclusionOur results suggest that dog ownership, a source of residential exposure to endotoxin, may worsen the relationship between air pollution and respiratory symptoms in asthmatic children.
Cell proliferation and polyposis.
Authors: J R Jass
Journal: Gut (1995)

Aim: To assess the risk of developing aspiration during chemoradiation for head and neck cancer. Patients and Methods: A retrospective review of 114 patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancer was undertaken. Patients were determined as having aspiration if they had pneumonia on chest-X-ray (CXR) and/or had documented aspiration on the modified barium swallow (MBS) during their treatment. Results: Fifteen patients (13%) developed aspiration during chemoradiation. Twelve patients (10%) had aspiration demonstrated on CXR alone (9 patients) or combined with MBS (3 patients). Three patients (3%) had aspiration on MBS alone. Three of the six patients with aspiration observed on MBS had normal swallowing on their pretreatment MBS. All 15 patients had severe mucositis and neutropenia at the time of the aspiration. Despite broad-spectrum antibiotics and supportive care, six patients (5%) died. Conclusion: Aspiration may develop during chemoradiation for head and neck cancer because of radiation-induced altered swallow.
Is screening and intervention for microalbuminuria worthwhile in patients with insulin dependent diabetes?
Authors: K Borch-Johnsen, H Wenzel, G C Viberti, C E Mogensen
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To analyse the cost-benefit of screening for and antihypertensive treatment of early renal disease indicated by microalbuminuria in patients with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. DESIGN--Previously published data were used to estimate transition probabilities for each step from normoalbuminuria until death. The effect of intervention on urinary albumin excretion rate by antihypertensive treatment was arbitrarily set at three different levels. All direct costs (screening, antihypertensive treatment, treatment of end stage renal failure) were included in the cost-benefit analysis by using real discount rates of 2.5% and 6%. SETTING--Computer simulation. SUBJECTS--Simulated cohort of 8000 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Mortality, incidence of diabetic nephropathy, incidence of end stage renal failure, and costs versus savings. RESULTS--Assuming treatment effects of 33% and 67% median life expectancy increased by four to 14 years, respectively, and the need for dialysis or transplantation decreased by 21% to 63%. Costs and savings would balance if the annual rate of increase of albuminuria was decreased from 20% to 18% a year. CONCLUSIONS--Screening and intervention programmes are likely to have life saving effects and lead to considerable economic savings.
Serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a sensitive measure for disease activity in atopic dermatitis
Authors: W. CZECH, J. KRUTMANN, E. SCHOPF, A. KAPP
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) is a sensitive measure for disease activity in atopic dermatitis Get access W. CZECH, W. CZECH Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Germany Dr W.Czech, Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 7, D‐7800 Freiburg, Germany. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. KRUTMANN, J. KRUTMANN Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. SCHÖPF, E. SCHÖPF Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. KAPP A. KAPP Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 126, Issue 4, 1 April 1992, Pages 351–355, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00677.x Published: 01 April 1992
Mitochondrial metabolism in normal, myeloid, and erythroid hyperplastic rabbit bone marrow: Effect of chloramphenicol
Authors: Samir Abou‐Khalil, Ziad Salem, Adel A. Yunis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Abstract Protein synthesis, respiration, and oxidative phosphorylation were studied in mitochondria isolated from normal, myeloid, and erythroid hyperplastic bone marrow of rabbits. Mitochondria from normal and myeloid hyperplastic marrow showed a similar degree of 14 C‐leucine incorporation while a threefold higher activity was demonstrated in mitochondria from erythroid marrow. The incorporation was mitochondrial‐concentration‐dependent and in all cases was inhibited by low concentrations of chloramphenicol (CAP). The respiratory activity of mitochondria isolated from either myeloid or erythroid marrow was twice as high as the normal, but in all cases respiration and phosphorylation were unaffected by concentrations of CAP which totally inhibited protein synthesis.
CHOLINERGIC "URTICARIA" AND MILIARIA.
Authors: MAURICE GARRETTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1958)

Journal Article CHOLINERGIC “URTICARIA” AND MILIARIA. Get access MAURICE GARRETTS, M.B., M.R.C.P. (Lond.). MAURICE GARRETTS, M.B., M.R.C.P. (Lond.). Senior Registrar, Department of Dermatology, University College Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 70, Issue 5, 1 May 1958, Pages 166–170, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1958.tb13311.x Published: 01 May 1958