tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of two molecular techniques for rapid detection of the main dermatophytic agents of tinea capitis
Authors: S. Deng, Z. Zhou, G.S. de Hoog, X. Wang, P. Abliz, J. Sun, M.J. Najafzadeh, W. Pan, W. Lei, S. Zhu, H. Hasimu, P. Zhang, Y. Guo, D. Deng, W. Liao
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Tinea capitis is very common in Western China, with the most widespread aetiological agent being Trichophyton violaceum, while Microsporum canis is prevalent in the remainder of China. Conventional diagnostics and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing analyses have proven relatively limited due to the close phylogenetic relationship of anthropophilic dermatophytes. Therefore, alternative molecular tools with sufficient specificity, reproducibility and sensitivity are necessary. To evaluate two molecular techniques [multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and rolling circle amplification (RCA)] for rapid detection of the aetiological agents of tinea capitis, T. violaceum and M. canis. Probes of RCA and MLPA were designed with target sequences in the rDNA ITS gene region. Strains tested consist of 31 T. violaceum, 22 M. canis and 24 reference strains of species that are taxonomically close to the target species. The specificity and reproducibility of RCA and MLPA in detection of T. violaceum and M. canis were both 100% in both species. Sensitivity testing showed that RCA was positive at concentrations down to 1·68 × 106 copies of DNA in the TvioRCA probe, and 2·7 × 108 copies of DNA in McRCA. MLPA yielded positive results at concentrations of DNA down to 1·68 × 101 copies in the TvioMLPA probe and 2·7 × 102 in McMLPA. The two techniques were sufficiently specific and sensitive for discriminating the target DNA of T. violaceum and M. canis from that of closely related dermatophytes. RCA and MLPA are advantageous in their reliability and ease of operation compared with standard polymerase chain reaction and conventional methods.
Abstract 15024: Management of the Sprint Fidelis Lead at the Time of Pulse Generator Change: A Markov Analysis
Authors: Kishan S Parikh, Amit K Mehrotra, David Meltzer, James Hansen, Sorin Lazar, Mark Metzl, Martin C Burke
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The Sprint Fidelis (Fidelis) (Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, MN) defibrillator lead introduced in 2004 and recalled in 2007 has a high failure rate. Our objective is to determine, indepen...
Observations on the Intrinsic Blood Supply to the Human Patella: Disruption Correlated with Articular Surface Degeneration
Authors: R N S Slater, J D Spencer, M A Churchill, G P Bridgeman, M Brookes
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

The intrinsic blood supplies of 13 human patellae with varying degrees of articular surface degeneration were studied by perfusion techniques. Disruption of the normal pattern of arterial arcades correlated with increasing surface wear.
Abstract 1491: Notch1 Inhibition Interferes with Differentiation of Glomerular Progenitor Cells into Podocytes
Authors: Silvia Maestroni, Konrad Urbanek, Sabina Signoretti, Regina Lee Sohn, Federica Del Monte, Cynthia Carrillo-Infante, Serena Vitale, Ronglih Liao, Piero Anversa, Gianpaolo Zerbini, Annarosa Leri
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The objective of this work was to identify a population of glomerular progenitor cells (GPCs) capable of generating podocytes which are specialized epithelial cells that stabilize glomerular capillaries and participate in the barrier function of the glomerular filter. The stem cell antigen prominin-1 was detected in GPCs located within the glomerular tuft of the mouse kidney; these cells expressed also the Notch1 receptor. The Notch1 pathway mediates cell fate decision by regulating the expression of transcription factors that maintain stemness or promote differentiation. Upon ligand binding, the Notch1 receptor is cleaved by γ-secretase and the active intracellular domain of Notch1 (N1ICD) translocates to the nucleus where it triggers transcription of Notch1-dependent genes. A consistent co-localization of N1ICD and the transcription factor WT-1 was demonstrated in synaptopodin-positive cells suggesting that Notch1 activation induced the differentiation of GPCs into podocytes. To strengthen this possibility, experiments were conducted in newborn mice because early postnatally there is a dramatic increase in kidney volume and in the number of glomeruli. The function of Notch1 in the generation of podocytes was established by interfering with the Notch1 pathway through the administration of a γ-secretase inhibitor to neonatal mice; γ-secretase inhibition opposes the release and translocation of N1ICD to the nucleus and the initiation of transcription. Over a period of 4–7 days, treated mice showed a 50% reduction in the number of glomeruli. However, the size of glomeruli was preserved. Importantly, in glomeruli of treated mice, the fraction of WT-1-positive cells that co-expressed N1ICD was decreased 50%. Additionally, podocytes showed an immature phenotype lacking synaptopodin in 30% of glomeruli. Quantitative RT-PCR documented that γ-secretase inhibition attenuated the expression of prominin-1, the early developmental kidney transcription factor Pax2 and the podocyte lineage marker WT-1. In conclusion, we have documented that prominin-1-positive GPCs acquire the podocyte phenotype and the Notch1 pathway controls glomerular number during postnatal development by modulating podocyte differentiation.
Microinvasive breast cancer (Tmic): A descriptive mono-institutional report
Authors: A. Ferro, A. Caldara, R. Triolo, M. Barbareschi, E. Leonardi, O. Caffo, M. Pellegrini, M. Frisinghelli, D. Bernardi, E. Galligioni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11508 Background: Tmic is considered a separate pathologic entity with good prognosis, but its clinical significance and management remain controversial. We present our retrospective review of 69 cases of Tmic, among 6,023 BC pts (1%), observed at our institution from 1990 to 2007. Methods: We considered Tmic a single focus of invasive carcinoma ≤ 2 mm or up to 3 foci ≤ 1 mm in greatest dimensions (according to Silver and Tavassoli, Cancer 1998). Descriptive analysis of pts characteristics, treatment and clinical outcome are reported. Results: Among 69 women (mostly asymptomatic, presenting mammographic abnormalities, with median age 52, range 20–78), T≤ 1 mm in 55 pts (80%) and T≤ 2 mm in 14 (20%) were observed. Radical mastectomy was performed in 31 pts (45%) due to extended in situ component or multicentric disease, and breast conserving surgery (BCS) in 38 (55%). All pts but 4, received axillary node dissection (61 pts) or sentinel node biopsy (4 pts), with only 1 N+ pt. The “in situ” component presented ductal in 91% and lobular histology in 9% of the cases, with predominant comedo subtype in 45%. All Tmic presented ductal histology with positive hormone receptor status (HR) in 45%, negative in 22% and unknown in 33%. Among 32 HER-2 evaluable pts, HER-2 was overexpressed in 34% and normal in 66%. Adjuvant treatment consisted of radiotherapy in 87% of BCS pts, chemotherapy in 5 HR neg pts, endocrine therapy in 7 and chemo-endocrine in 1 N+ pt. At a median follow-up of 93 months RFS and BC specific OS were 91 and 100%, respectively. Three pts experienced a local relapse (2 DCIS and 1 invasive) and 1 distant metastases (bone). None of relapsed pts had received systemic adjuvant therapy. Three pts died for non-breast cancer causes. Six pts developed a controlateral BC (9%): none of them progressed or died of disease. Conclusions: Our data appear in large part comparable to those of the literature on Tmic and, in our experience, the inclusion of microinvasion > 1 mm and ≤ 2 mm did not change the good prognosis of microinvasive cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Risk of intracranial haemorrhage in antidepressant users with concurrent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: nationwide propensity score matched study
Authors: Ju-Young Shin, Mi-Ju Park, Shin Haeng Lee, So-Hyun Choi, Mi-Hee Kim, Nam-Kyong Choi, Joongyub Lee, Byung-Joo Park
Journal: BMJ (2015)

To define the risk of intracranial haemorrhage among patients treated with antidepressants and non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), compared with the risk among those treated with antidepressants without NSAIDs.Retrospective nationwide propensity score matched cohort study.Korean nationwide health insurance database between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2013.Patients who began receiving antidepressants for the first time (index date) without a history of having received a prescription for antidepressants during the preceding year. Patients who had been diagnosed as having cerebrovascular diseases within a year before the index date were excluded.Time to first hospital admission with intracranial haemorrhage within 30 days after drug use. Matched Cox regression models were used to compare the risk of intracranial haemorrhage among patients who were treated with antidepressants with and without NSAIDs, after propensity score matching with a 1:1 ratio.After propensity score estimation and matching in a 1:1 ratio, the cohort used in the analysis included 4,145,226 people. The 30 day risk of intracranial haemorrhage during the entire study period was higher for combined use of antidepressants and NSAIDs than for use of antidepressants without NSAIDs (hazard ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.32 to 1.85). No statistically meaningful differences were found in risk of intracranial haemorrhage between the antidepressant drug classes.Combined use of antidepressants and NSAIDs was associated with an increased risk of intracranial haemorrhage within 30 days of initial combination.
Evaluation of PCR-based assay in human serum samples for diagnosis of fatal cases of spotted fever group rickettsiosis
Authors: E.M Mendes do Nascimento, S. Colombo, T.K. Nagasse-Sugahara, R.N. Angerami, M.R. Resende, L.J. da Silva, G. Katz, F.C.P. dos Santos
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Ad.Flt3L/Ad.TK (+GCV) gene therapy induces intracranial glioma (GBM) regression and long term immunological memory which inhibits GBM growth in the periphery in a syngeneic, rat GBM model
Authors: A.K.M. Muhammad, Gwendalyn D King King, Marianela Candolfi, James Curtin, Chunyan Liu, Kurt Kroeger, W Nichols, Pedro Lowenstein, Maria Castro
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

2855   The efficacy of our newly developed combined FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) and thymidine kinase (TK) adenoviral gene therapy strategy for treating GBM (Ali et al. Cancer Res 2005, 65:7194-7204) was tested against additional tumor cell implantation in the periphery. Lewis rats injected stereotactically with 5,000 CNS-1 cells in the striatum were treated on post implantation day 9 with intratumoral injections of saline or Flt3L-TK and systemic ganciclovir. Control animals succumbed around day 20 and 80% of Flt3L-TK treated rats survived long term (P 6  CNS-1 cells in the flank; naive rats injected similarly served as controls. Following tumor inoculation, the length and width of the skin lesion were measured regularly. The skin lesion in long-term survivors reached maximum size on day 3 (14.8±4.1 mm 3 ; mean±SEM), whereas that in naive rats continued to grow reaching 903.3±58.5 mm 3  on day 12 (P Support: NIH/NINDS 1R01 NS44556.01; 1R21-NSO54143.01; 1UO1 NS052465.01 to M.G.C.; NIH/NINDS 1RO1 NS 054193.01; RO1 NS 42893.01 and 1R21 NS047298-01 to P.R.L.
Founder's Gangrene of the Scrotum following Day Case Vasectomy
Authors: A Patel, J W A Ramsay, H N Whitfield
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

A case of Fournier's gangrene of the scrotum is reported in a 31-year old man who had outpatient vasectomy during an intercurrent diarrheal illness. The surgery was done through a midline incision, under local anesthesia of plain 2% lignocaine, with a preoperative chlorhexidine scrub. Although his scrotum was red and swollen within 3 hours, he did not have medical care until admission to hospital 48 hours later. At admission he had Fournier's gangrene of the scrotum and penis, Gram-negative septic shock, and acute renal failure. In the intensive care unit he was treated with continuous dialysis, parenteral metronidazole, benzylpenicillin, Ceftazidime and inotropes. He had a cardiorespiratory arrest after emergency radical debridement. After resuscitation he developed adult respiratory distress syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Pathological exam showed necrosis of the dermis and subcutaneous layers, thrombosis and beta-hemolytic streptococci. After adding gentamicin and vancomycin, 2 weeks of ventilator care, 4 more surgical debridements, a left orchidectomy, and a despite a grossly abnormal EEG recording, the man regained consciousness and recovered. His scrotal and penile skin re-epithelialized over 3 months. Patients requesting vasectomy should be assessed for local and systemic illness before performing the procedure.
A Medical Handbook for the Use of Practitioners and Students.
Authors: R.S Aitchison
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Accommodated MCAT Time and Performance Measurements
Authors: Lisa M. Meeks, Kurt R. Herzer
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TRAM-34 ameliorates hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats
Authors: Shujin Guo, Tao Wang, Guangming He, Dan Xu, Fuqiang Wen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objectives : Pulmonary arterial hypertension(PAH) is a life-threatening disease characterized by remodelling of pulmonary vasculature. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of TRAM-34, a selective blocker of the intermediate-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (Kca3.1), on hypoxia-induced PAH in rats.

Methods: Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs) were used to measure Kca3.1 mRNA and protein expression in response to normoxia(21%O2) and hypoxia(2%O2) for 24 hours. Flow cytometry was performed after administering TRAM-34.In vivo experiment, TRAM-34(i.p.-injection) was administered daily to Wistar rats over a period of 3 weeks starting on the day of hypoxia(10%O2, 23h/d). Mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP) and right ventricle hypertrophy index(RVHI)were assessed. Tissue samples were collected for histological analysis.

Result: Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot showed that Kca3.1 mRNA and protein expression were increased in PASMCs after hypoxia.The difference was significant(p<0.05) respectively.Hypoxia reduced the proportion of PASMCs in the G0/G1 phase(65%vs 76.2%). TRAM-34 inhibited PASMCs proliferation by G0/G1 arrest. In the hypoxia group,TRAM-34 intervention reduced the mPAP(20±1mmHg vs 17±1mmHg,p<0.05) and RVHI(41.5%±3.8% vs 33.6±3.2%,p<0.05).The ratio of wall area and lumen area attenuated after TRAM-34 administration.The difference was significant(p<0.05) compared with the normoxia group.

Conclusion: TRAM-34 attenuates hypoxia induced PASMCs proliferation, and reduces pulmonary artery remodelling in vivo. These findings raise the possibility that blocking the Kca3.1 channel will attenuate hypoxia-induced PAH, and thus TRAM-34 offer a new approach to PAH therapy.
Bronchoscopic cryotechnique gains high diagnostic rate in submucosal tumor growth
Authors: Wolfram Grüning, Sergej Griff, Henrik Wurps, Wim Ammenwerth, Torsten-Gerriet Blum, Jens Kollmeier, Nikolas Schönfeld, Christian Boch, Susann Stephan-Falkenau, Thomas Mairinger, Torsten Bauer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  The diagnostic yield of endoscopic biopsy in the central bronchial system is impaired when submucosal tumor growth is present. Conventional forceps biopsy fails to reveal conclusive histology even in cases of extrabronchial compression or other indirect tumor signs. Since endoscopic cryotechniques have increasing impact for diagnoses of malignant and inflammatory lung disease we compared the diagnostic rate of forceps and cryoprobe in patients with suspected submucosal tumor growth.   Methods:  116 patients with macroscopic submucosal tumor infiltration were investigated prospectively with forceps- and cryobiopsy from 05/2009 to 02/2011. In all cases 1-3 forceps and 1-2 cryoprobe biopsies were obtained, other biopsy methods were added as needed. Specimens underwent routine histopathological processing.   Results:  Histological diagnosis was achieved with the following specimens: Forceps 4/116 pts. (3.5%), cryo 48 (41.4%), forceps/cryo 34 (29,3%), cryo/TBNA 2 (1,7%), cryo/EBUS 6 (5.2%), forceps/cryo/TBNA 2 (1,7%), forceps/cryo/EBUS 2 (1,7%), TBNA 4 (3,5%), EBUS 12 (10.3%), CT-guided biopsy 2 (1,7%). Hit ratio of forceps in contrast to cryoprobe in all combinations was 42 (36.2%) and 94 (81%) respectively. Severe hemorrhage (>3 min) as the only complication occurred in 8 (6,9%) cases.   Discussion:  In case of endobronchial submucosal tumor growth we found a relevant difference of diagnostic yield and a decisive superiority of cryotechnique, which should be considered for routine use in diagnostic bronchoscopy.
Ventilatory and metabolic response of self-paced versus externally-paced tests in COPD patients
Authors: Vanessa Resqueti, Bruno Henrique Ferreira da Silva, Rêncio Bento Florêncio, Catharinne Carvalho de Farias, Selma Sousa Bruno, Andrea Aliverti, Guilherme Fregonezi, Armele Dornelas de Andrade
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

We aimed to assess the ventilatory and metabolic response of comparing self-paced versus externally-paced tests in COPD patients. Eleven patients were recruited and 9 (5M) were include in the study, with age  yrs  65 (IQR: 62.5-72.5); BMI  kg/m2  26.3 (IQR: 23.5-31.5); FEV 1  %pred  49.1 (IQR: 32.9-65.5). The patients performed four self-paced tests, Glittre Activity of Daily Living-test (Glittre-ADL), 6, 3 and 2 minute walking test (6MWT, 3MWT and 2MWT) and one externally-paced test, incremental shuttle walking test (ISWT). All tests were performed following guidelines. During all tests breath-by-breath gas analyses were studied with a portable telemetric system. Dyspnea and fatigue of lower limbs were assessed through modified Borg scale. At peak exercise no significant differences were observed in all tests in terms of dyspnea, fatigue, ventilatory and metabolic variables (table 1). Steady-state oxygen uptake was observed during Glittre-ADL, 6MWT and 3MWT with plateau after the second lap (Glittre-ADL) and second minute (3MWT and 6MWT). During 2MWT and ISWT no steady-state oxygen uptake conditions were reached.

![Figure][1] 



In COPD patients, self-paced and externally-paced tests show similar ventilatory and metabolic requirements. However, only Glittre-ADL, 3MWT and 6MWT determine a steady-state oxygen uptake during their execution, characterizing submaximal tests in patients with COPD.

 [1]: pending:yes
The relationship between 24-hour symptoms and COPD exacerbations: Results from ASSESS
Authors: Marc Miravitlles, Heinrich Worth, Juan José Soler Cataluña, David Price, Fernando De Benedetto, Nicolas Roche, Nina Skavlan Godtfredsen, Thys van der Molen, Claes-Göran Löfdahl, Laura Padullés, Anna Ribera
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background   COPD patients with repeated exacerbations tend to have more symptoms than patients without. The relationship between symptoms in different parts of the 24-hour day and exacerbations has not been evaluated.   Aim   To assess the relationship between COPD symptoms in each part of the day and exacerbations.   Methods   In this observational study, night-time, early morning and day-time COPD symptoms in the previous week (symptom questionnaire) and exacerbations in the previous year were assessed at baseline. Patients were followed for 6 months and exacerbations recorded. The relationship between 24-hour symptoms and exacerbations in both periods was assessed.   Results   727 patients were eligible (66% male, [mean±SD] age 67±9 years, % predicted post-bronchodilator FEV 1  53±21%). The mean±SD number of exacerbations was 1.2±1.6 in the year prior to baseline and 0.7±1.5 during follow-up.  Exacerbations in the previous year were associated with symptoms in each part of the 24-hour day; exacerbations during follow-up were associated with morning and day-time symptoms (Table). Exacerbations, pre-baseline and during follow-up, were more frequent in patients with night-time, early morning or day-time symptoms than patients with no symptoms in each period (Table).   Conclusion   Around the clock COPD symptoms were associated with more exacerbations. Most patients, irrespective of exacerbation history, had night-time and morning symptoms.
An open randomized controlled trial of desmopressin and pulse dexamethasone as adjunct therapy in patients with pulmonary involvement associated with severe leptospirosis
Authors: K. Niwattayakul, S. Kaewtasi, S. Chueasuwanchai, S. Hoontrakul, S. Chareonwat, C. Suttinont, K. Phimda, W. Chierakul, S. Silpasakorn, Y. Suputtamongkol
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)