tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intravenous IgG: Supertherapy for Myocarditis and Acute Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: C. Kishimoto, H. Takada, Y. Hiraoka
Journal: Circulation (1999)

We read with great interest the article by McNamara et al 1 on intravenous immunoglobulin (IgG) therapy for myocarditis and acute dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).There is as yet no general agreement of effective treatment of myocarditis and acute DCM.These workers are to be congratulated for conducting a welldesigned clinical study of adult patients with NYHA class III to IV heart failure, based on previously published clinical 2 and experimental 3 experience.We would like to stress 3 points that we consider crucial in our understanding of the significance of this treatment.The first is related to the presence of preceding or associated infectious manifestations (ie, fever, pleurodynia, myalgia, and upper respiratory tract symptoms).This strongly suggests that myocarditis is of viral or infectious origin.Accordingly, as shown in our previous study, 3 intravenous polyclonal IgG used in the study by McNamara et al 1 could have neutralizing antibody activities against causative agents.In this case, the effects of IgG may be drastic and super, as shown in the early study in our article. 3 The second point deals with the potential histological improvement by this treatment, even in the later stage, as shown in our study. 3 We consider that the marked and super improvement of left ventricular ejection fraction seen in all the patients in the study 1 may correlate with and depend on histological improvement.Some additional pathological data (ie, serial endomyocardial biopsy) could serve to make readers more clearly understand this point.Finally, although the precise mechanisms responsible for the efficacy of this treatment are still unknown, 4,5 IgG therapy is considered to have immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, as shown in our study. 3 The former includes antiidiotype, anti-autoantibody properties, and reticuloendothelial system blockade; the latter, downregulation of inflammatory cytokines, a sump for activated complement, and antisuperantigen antibodies.Thus, we keenly agree with the proposal that a more widespread randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in a larger population of patients with myocarditis and acute as well as chronic (ongoing) DCM 6 is warranted.
Genetic variation in the estrogen receptor-alpha gene (ESR1), estrogen exposure, and risk of endometrial cancer.
Authors: Sandra L. Deming, Wanqing Wen, Qiuyin Cai, Wang-Hong Xu, Nobuhiko Kataoka, Yong-Bing Xiang, Jiarong Cheng, Ji-Rong Long, Wei Zheng, Xiao-Ou Shu
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5404 

Previous studies have demonstrated that genetic polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor-alpha ESR1 gene are associated with altered risk of breast cancer. Given that ESR1 is an important mediator of hormonal responses in the endometrium, and that estrogen exposure is the prevailing risk factor for endometrial cancer, we hypothesized that genetic variations in the ESR1 gene may modulate the effects of estrogen exposure and thus alter endometrial cancer risk. We tested this hypothesis using data from a large population-based case-control study of endometrial cancer conducted in Shanghai, China, from 1997-2003. Included in this analysis were 1039 cases and 1026 age-matched community controls who had completed an in-person interview and donated a blood or exfoliated buccal cell sample to the study. Genotyping of ESR1 polymorphisms XbaI (rs9340799), and PvuII (rs2234693) in intron 1, and C →G Pro in codon 325 (rs1801132) were performed using the TaqMan method. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to evaluate associations between genetic variations of the ESR1 gene and endometrial cancer risk. In addition, ESR1 gene polymorphisms were evaluated for their role in modifying endogenous and exogenous estrogen exposures. Overall, no apparent association between endometrial cancer and the XbaI, PvuII, or Pro325 polymorphism was found. Similarly, haplotype analyses also did not reveal any associations that were statistically significant. Furthermore, we did not find that variants at these sites modify the risk of endometrial cancer associated with various estrogen exposures as measured by menopausal status, waist-to-hip ratio, body mass index, age at menarche and menopause, years of menstruation, history of physical activity, oral contraceptive use, and soy protein intake. Taken together, these data, from one of the largest population-based case-control studies of endometrial cancer, do not suggest a major role of the XbaI , PvuII , and 325Pro polymorphisms in the ESR1 gene in the risk of endometrial cancer.
2013 Appropriate Utilization of Cardiovascular Imaging
Authors: J. Jeffrey Carr, Robert C. Hendel, Richard D. White, Manesh R. Patel, Michael J. Wolk, Michael A. Bettmann, Pamela Douglas, Frank J. Rybicki, Christopher M. Kramer, Pamela K. Woodard, Leslee J. Shaw, E. Kent Yucel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
751. Breaking Down AAV: Defining the Minimal Capsid Sequences for AAV Function
Authors: Yu-Hung Kuo, Jill M. Roberts, Michael G. Kaplitt
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is currently under investigation as a gene therapy vector for treatment of hemophilia, Canavan's disease and Parkinson's disease. AAV is particularly attractive for CNS disorders as it is minimally immunogenic, establishes long term expression, and infects nondividing cells including neurons. AAV is a member of the Parvoviridae family and consists of a single stranded DNA packaged within a protein capsid which contains the receptor binding domain and regulates tissue tropism. The capsid is composed of three subunits, all of which share a common C-terminus. All three subunits are encoded by a single gene (cap) through alternative splicing and use of different translation start sites. The major component of the capsid, VP3, is the smallest subunit. The larger subunits, VP1 and VP2, arise by extension of the N-terminus. We sought to dissociate expression of the capsid subunits to study the role of each subunit during viral formation and cellular transduction. Our results demonstrate that in helper free mammalian production systems the VP3 subunit is necessary and sufficient for formation of a viral particle and packaging of transgene. Particles composed of only VP3 can also bind receptor and be internalized by the target cell, but these VP3 particles are unable to establish transgene expression. Restoration of full activity requires inclusion of the VP1 subunit in the viral particle. While the VP2 subunit appears dispensable for AAV function, the N-terminal domain of VP2 is also part of the VP1 subunit. Deletion of this common domain from VP1 reduces viral activity. Therefore, while VP2 itself is not necessary, its sequence must be present in the context of the VP1 subunit for full viral activity. We are able to identify the functionally important amino acids of this common domain needed for infectivity by scanning deletion mutations. Finally, the effects from mutagenesis of the receptor binding loop were analyzed. Our results show that changing the primary sequence of the receptor binding site can enhance viral activity and redefine viral tropism. This work identifies the minimal capsid domains required for generation of functional virus. Such a dissociated system allows for selective modifications of subsets of the capsid subunits. It is therefore possible to create recombinant vectors with multiple modifications and furthermore control the copy number of the modifications incorporated into the formed rAAV particle.
Abstract 3582: A simple multiplex PCR approach for target enrichment in next-gen sequencing
Authors: Xiaochuan Zhou, Qi Zhu, Chris Hebel
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Multiplexing PCR is a simple way to extract genomic regions of interest for various medical and genetic tests. Somatic mutations lead to various diseases including cancer. These mutations are unlikely to be best detected using regular whole genome sequencing. Clinical samples often consist of disease cells, e.g. cancer cells, surrounded by normal cells. Thus, deep sequencing of hundreds to thousands fold coverage is required to detect the mutations. In clinical research many doctors are interested in specific genes or genomic regions and they want to extract the regions from genomic DNA or RNA before sequencing. Many current clinical, forensic, and heretical genetic test workflows start with multiplexing PCR to extract genetic marker carrying regions from whole genomes before running hybridization, sequencing, or electrophoresis tests to identify the markers. Personal medicine and prognosis mostly involve examining sequence variations of a number of targeted genes and metabolic pathway genes so as to predict drug efficacies and drug toxicities. We have developed a new multiplexing PCR approach with a significantly simplified workflow and significantly improved robustness. When applied to sequencing target enrichment application, the workflow for producing amplified targets involves only one hands-on step and one PCR run. The approach is designed to require low sample input and to produce superior amplicon uniformity and sequence specificity. The approach involves a novel primer design and a proprietary reaction composition. A PCR run consists of two functionally separated reaction phases, namely target capture and library amplification, without any hands-on step in between. The performance of the new approach will be demonstrated by a caner panel data. Citation Format: Xiaochuan Zhou, Qi Zhu, Chris Hebel. A simple multiplex PCR approach for target enrichment in next-gen sequencing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3582. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3582
Aggressive Behaviors and Injuries Among Nursing Home Residents—Reply
Authors: Tomoko Shinoda-Tagawa, Ralph Leonard, Jean Pontikas, John E. McDonough, Donna Allen, Paul I. Dreyer
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms—Reply
Authors: R. Scott Miller, Lindell K. Weaver, Lisa A. Brenner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract P270: Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Biomarkers of Cardio-metabolic Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Xiaochen Lin, Xi Zhang, Jianjun Guo, Christian K Roberts, Steve McKenzie, Wen-Chih Wu, Simin Liu, Yiqing Song
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Context: Current guidelines recommend exercise for optimal cardiovascular health, although evidence from intervention trials linking exercise to cardiovascular health through intermediate biomarkers remains inconsistent. Objective: To perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to quantify the impact of exercise training on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and a variety of standard and novel biomarkers for cardio-metabolic health in adults without cardiovascular disease (CVD). Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 1965 to March 2014. Study Selection: Two investigators (X. Lin and X. Zhang) selected 159 RCTs (7,282 participants) that evaluated the effects of exercise interventions on CRF and circulating CVD biomarkers. Data Extraction: Data were extracted by two researchers using a standardized protocol. Data Synthesis: In the primary analysis, DerSimonian and Laird random-effect models were used to compute weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) comparing exercise groups to control groups. In addition, effect modifications were examined using meta-regression and subgroup analyses stratified by pre-specified potential modifiers, including age, sex, body mass index, lifestyle, health status, and trial duration. Exercise training significantly improved CRF, lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, glucose intolerance and insulin resistance, systematic inflammation, and hemostasis. ( Table ) We also found that exercise effects were modified by age, sex, and health status such that people under 50 years, men, and people with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or metabolic syndrome appeared to benefit more from exercise interventions. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that exercise training significantly improved CRF and some biomarkers of cardio-metabolic health. Significant effect modifications were also identified by age, sex, and health status.
Chronic actinic dermatitis in young atopic dermatitis sufferers
Authors: M.I. Ogboli, L.E. Rhodes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Chronic actinic dermatitis in young atopic dermatitis sufferers Get access M.I. Ogboli, M.I. Ogboli Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L.E. Rhodes L.E. Rhodes Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Prescot Street, Liverpool L7 8XP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 4, 1 April 2000, Page 845, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03457.x Published: 01 April 2000
Shark cartilage in the water
Authors: Charles B Shepherd
Journal: BMJ (2006)

How much will Herceptin really cost? Balancing local and national priorities is not newEditor-Herceptin for early stage breast cancer is a cost effective treatment, and it is right that the NHS should make it available.The challenge of funding new treatments and balancing local and national priorities is one the NHS has faced since its inception. 1 The process the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) follows for evaluating new medicines is the most rigorous anywhere in the world, and local NHS organisations can have confidence that implementing our recommendations is an effective use of their resources.NICE's independent advisory committees do not rubber stamp decisions.They make them based on an objective and impartial interpretation of the evidence.Those who suggest otherwise should come forward with their evidence for doing so.It is wrong to suggest that a single recommendation from NICE will necessarily cause other services to be reduced and that these decisions are made by clinicians only.Many demands are made on available funds in any hospital at any one time and it is the responsibility of local NHS management, working with their clinical teams, to make the best use of these resources.This difficult job is made easier by NICE guidance and the support tools we offer, such as our commissioning guides and our forthcoming advice on shifting spending from less to more effective treatments.
405. Efficient Lentivirus Vector-Mediated Transduction of Neonatal Porcine Islet Cell Clusters: A Powerful Tool for Xenotransplantation Research
Authors: Samantha L. Ginn, Wayne J. Hawthorne, Anita T. Patel, Rebecca Stokes, Stacey N. Walters, Philip J. O'Connell, Peter B. Rowe, Ian E. Alexander
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
Xenotransplantation of neonatal porcine islet cell clusters (NICCs) into humans has significant potential in the treatment of Type I diabetes, but requires that substantial immunological barriers be overcome. A promising investigative approach is the ex-vivo genetic modification pancreatic islet cells prior to xenotransplantation with molecules known to be involved in regulating critical events mediating the rejection process. To this end, we have studied the capacity of a third-generation lentiviral vector to transduce NICCs and assessed the long-term effects on tissue survival and function. NICCs were isolated from the pancreas of 1–3 day old piglets. After dissociation and enzymatic digestion, cells were exposed to a lentiviral vector, containing a CMV-EGFP expression cassette, at multiplicities of infection (MOI) ranging between 10 and 1000. While a high proportion of NICCs could be transduced at relatively low MOI, higher MOI resulted in more intense EGFP expression. An MOI of approximately 200 was therefore chosen for subsequent experimentation. Following 6 days in culture, 20,000 transduced NICCs were transplanted beneath the kidney capsule of diabetic SCID mice. Transplanted kidneys were removed on days 1, 7, 21 and 120, and processed for frozen section and histology. Macroscopically, SCID mice demonstrated the continued presence of transplanted NICCs. Furthermore, histological analyses from early biopsy time-points showed persistence of EGFP expression in transplanted tissue. Analysis of transgene expression at later time-points is under way. Based on these promising preliminary data we are now constructing lentiviral vectors encoding molecules with the potential to prevent acute graft rejection for analysis in vitro and in immunocompetant recipients. Candidate molecules include CD39, which regulates vascular inflammation and thrombosis, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor and thrombomodulin, which are important endothelial cell regulators of the coagulation process. In conclusion, porcine NICCs are transduced by lentivirus at high efficiency making this vector system an attractive tool for xenotranplantation research.
Immunogenicity of three doses of bivalent, trivalent, or type 1 monovalent oral poliovirus vaccines with a 2 week interval between doses in Bangladesh: an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised, controlled trial
Authors: Concepción F Estívariz, Abhijeet Anand, Howard E Gary, Mahmudur Rahman, Jannatul Islam, Tajul I Bari, Steven G F Wassilak, Susan Y Chu, William C Weldon, Mark A Pallansch, James D Heffelfinger, Stephen P Luby, Khalequ Zaman
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2015)
Protection of macaques against vaginal transmission of a pathogenic HIV-1/SIV chimeric virus by passive infusion of neutralizing antibodies
Authors: John R. Mascola, Gabriela Stiegler, Thomas C. VanCott, Hermann Katinger, Calvin B. Carpenter, Chris E. Hanson, Holly Beary, Deborah Hayes, Sarah S. Frankel, Deborah L. Birx, Mark G. Lewis
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
First detection of Chlamydia trachomatis LGV biovar in the Czech Republic, 2010–2011
Authors: D Vanousova, H Zákoucká, D Jilich, H Rozsypal, M Stankova, S Zufanova, N Vojackova, J Hercogova, J Marvan, L Machala
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

We present four cases of proctitis in HIV-infected men having sex with men (MSM) living in the Czech Republic. The causative agent in all cases was the lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) biovar of Chlamydia trachomatis. The spread of proctitis caused by C. trachomatis serovars L1–3 among MSM has been observed in several European countries, the United States and Canada since 2003. To our knowledge, no LGV cases in eastern Europe have been published to date.
C-Reactive Protein and Risk of Colon Cancer—Reply
Authors: Thomas P. Erlinger, Elizabeth Platz, Kathy J. Helzlsouer, Nader Rifai
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal