tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The impact of resistant bacteria in respiratory secretions on the outcome of lung transplantation
Authors: Michal Shteinberg, Yael Raviv, Jihad Bishara, Dror Rosengarten, Nili Stein, Ilana Bakal, Mordechai Kramer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Antibiotic treatment may cause growth of resistant bacteria in respiratory secretions. We assessed the association between antibiotic treatment of lung transplant recipients and acquisition of quinolone resistant gram negative bacteria (QR-GNB), and the impact of such colonization on mortality and lung rejection (BOS).   Methods:  We examined data from lung transplant recipients for antibiotic treatment, GNB in respiratory secretions, BOS, and mortality.   Results:  126 patients were included. Median percentage of days with antibiotics was 2.8% in patients with no growth, 11.1% in patients with quinolone sensitive GNB (QS-GNB), and 26% in patients with QR-GNB.  Age adjusted mortality hazard ratio was 9.2 (95% CI, 1.27-78.9) for patients with QR-GNB compared with QS-GNB. Age adjusted hazard ratios for BOS were: 3.6 (1.1-11.6) for QR-GNB compared with no growth, and 3.7 (1.33-10.3) for QR-GNB compared with QS-GNB.   Conclusions:  Antibiotic treatment was associated with QR-GNB. Airway colonization with QR-GNB was associated with mortality and with BOS. We suggest that narrow spectrum antibiotics should be preferred in lung transplant recipients.
Primary testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma displays distinct clinical and biological features for treatment failure in rituximab era: a report from the International PTL Consortium
Authors: L Deng, Z Y Xu-Monette, S Loghavi, G C Manyam, Y Xia, C Visco, J Huh, L Zhang, Q Zhai, Y Wang, L Qiu, K Dybkær, A Chiu, A M Perry, S Zhang, A Tzankov, H Rao, J Abramson, A R Sohani, M Xu, E D Hsi, J Zhu, M Ponzoni, S Wang, Ling Li, M Zhang, A J M Ferreri, B M Parsons, Y Li, M A Piris, L J Medeiros, K H Young
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
A phase II trial of erlotinib plus bevacizumab in patients with recurrent thymoma or thymic carcinoma
Authors: P. M. Bedano, S. Perkins, M. Burns, K. Kessler, R. Nelson, B. P. Schneider, L. Risley, S. Dropcho, P. J. Loehrer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

19087 Background: Few prospective trials have been conducted in patients (pts) with thymic malignancies. Angiogenesis and EGFR overexpression seems to play an important role in the pathogenesis of invasive thymoma (THY) and thymic (TC) carcinoma. This phase II trial studied the efficacy and safety of the novel combination of erlotinib (E) and bevacizumab (BEV) on pretreated pts with progressive malignant thymic tumors. Methods: From September, 2006 to August, 2007,18 previously treated pts with advanced THY or TC were treated with E 150 mg by mouth every day and BEV 15 mg/kg IV, cycle repeated every 21 days. DNA was extracted from whole blood to study associations between outcome and variability in single nucleotide polymorphisms from angiogenesis genes. Patients who achieved a complete (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) after 2 treatment cycles, were continued on BEV and E, until progression or unacceptable toxicity. Pts receiving at least one cycle were evaluated for response. Results: Profile of 18 pts included: histology (THY=11, TC=7); M:F = 8:10; 5 pts had received prior radiation therapy. Of pts treated, none achieved CR, 11 pts (60%) achieved SD, and 7 (40%) had PD. There were no grade 4 toxicities or deaths. The most common grade 3 toxicities were: acneform rash (2), dyspnea (2), fatigue (1), pericardial tamponade (1) and aortic insufficiency (1). The median survival time has not been reached. Conclusions: The combination of E and BEV has limited activity in thymic malignancies, but has a well tolerated side effect profile. The high incidence of SD status noted most likely reflects the inherent tumor biology, but an impact of the agents cannot be ruled out. Other therapeutic approaches are warranted for this population of pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dose Response in Butylated Hydroxyanisole Induction of Forestomach Carcinogenesis in F344 Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N Ito, S Fukushima, S Tamano, M Hirose, A Hagiwara
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Groups of 50 6-week-old male F344 rats were given a powdered diet containing 0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, or 2% butylated hydroxyanisole [(BHA) CAS: 25013-16-5] for 104 weeks. The highest dose--2% BHA--induced significant increase in the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the forestomach. Papillomas of the forestomach developed in 20 and 100% of the rats given diets containing 1 and 2% BHA, respectively. The incidence of epithelial hyperplasia of the forestomach increased with the increased BHA doses, to 100% incidence at the highest dose. Thus the incidences of proliferative and neoplastic lesions of the forestomach were dose dependent.
Prevalence of yersinia plasmid-encoded outer protein (Yop) class-specific antibodies in multitransfused Greek patients with thalassemic syndromes
Authors: S. Chatzipanagiotou, V. Ladis, H. Berdousi, F. Palamidou, E. Kourti, C. Kattamis, N.J. Legakis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1999)
ERG Activates the YAP1 Transcriptional Program and Induces the Development of Age-Related Prostate Tumors
Authors: Liem T. Nguyen, Maria S. Tretiakova, Mark R. Silvis, Jared Lucas, Olga Klezovitch, Ilsa Coleman, Hamid Bolouri, Vassily I. Kutyavin, Colm Morrissey, Lawrence D. True, Peter S. Nelson, Valeri Vasioukhin
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
Ovarian function in premenopausal women treated with adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.
Authors: J Bines, D M Oleske, M A Cobleigh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE Adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer causes significant changes in ovarian function. More young women survive breast cancer than ever before and they are at risk of the sequelae of early menopause. We attempted to (1) define menopausal status in the setting of adjuvant chemotherapy; (2) define chemotherapy-related amenorrhea (CRA); (3) document rates of permanent amenorrhea, temporary amenorrhea, and oligomenorrhea among different regimens; and (4) analyze variables that influence ovarian function. DESIGN We reviewed reports of the effects of adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer on ovarian function in premenopausal women. We searched Medline and Cancerlit from 1966 to 1995 on the following terms: breast neoplasms; chemotherapy, adjuvant; menstruation disorders; premature menopause, and amenorrhea. Further references were obtained from reports retrieved in the initial search. RESULTS A uniform definition of menopause and CRA is lacking. The wide range of CRA rates reported in adjuvant chemotherapy trials is a result, at least in part, of this problem. The average CRA rate reported in regimens based on cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) is 68% (95% confidence interval [CI], 66% to 70%), with a range of 20% to 100%. CRA incidence varies with age, cytotoxic agent, and cumulative dose. CONCLUSION Ovarian damage is the most significant long-term sequela of adjuvant chemotherapy in premenopausal breast cancer survivors. We suggest a common definition of the following important terms: menopausal status, CRA (early and late), temporary CRA, and oligomenorrhea in the setting of adjuvant treatment. With uniform definitions in place, regimens can be more precisely compared with respect to this important complication.
Analysis of NF-kappa B in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) reveals frequent activation of p50 and bcl-3
Authors: B. H. O’Neil, H. Farrah, H. Kelly, A. S. Baldwin, W. K. Funkhouser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9621 Background: The pathogenesis of HCC remains poorly characterized. The transcription regulator NF-κB is implicated in the pathogenesis of HCC. Nuclear expression implies NF-κB activation. We examined the activation state of NF-κB subunits using IHC in resected HCC. Methods: 64 resected HCCs were identified in our tumor registry. 30 were suitable for creation of tissue microarrays (TMA). Tumor and adjacent non-cancerous liver were identified, and cores from disparate areas were inserted in triplicate into the TMA. TMAs were stained using Ab against NF-κB subunits p65 (along with a phospho-specific p65 Ab), p50, p52, and Bcl-3. Nuclear NF-κB staining was characterized from 0 to 3+ and % of + nuclei noted. Tumors with ≥1+ intensity in >10% of cell nuclei were positive. Results: Concordance for staining for cores from each patient was high. 78% (15/19) of tumors compared with 27% (4/15) of adjacent liver samples were p50 +. Bcl-3 was + in 83% of tumors (19/23) vs. 48% (10/21) of adjacent liver. Staining was almost uniformly more + in tumors than adjacent liver for p50 and bcl-3. The majority of + tumors were + in all evaluable cores. 22% of tumors (6/23) were + for p65, but only 8% were + using the phospho-p65 Ab. All p65 + tumors were also p50 +. All but one of these was also Bcl-3 +. Few were p52 subunit + (3/23). There was no statistical correlation between any marker and survival, however no patient negative for p50 OR Bcl-3 lived < 2 years. Conclusions: p50 homodimers and Bcl-3 are frequently active in HCC, suggesting a role in pathogenesis. Prior work has focused mainly on the p65 subunit, which we found to be active relatively infrequently. This sample is too small to make a correlation between p50 homodimer activation and prognosis, but it is interesting that no patient who was negative for p50 or bcl-3 lived < two years, suggesting positivity for either could influence prognosis negatively. This correlation will be explored in a larger group of samples. Bcl-3 has been noted to bind p50 homodimers in nasopharyngeal cancer. We have also seen frequent activation of Bcl-3/p50 in breast cancer. The role of Bcl-3 and p50 in hepatocarcinogenesis should be explored further based on these results. Research supported by NIH P50-CA106991 and K12-RR17667. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer with high-dose leucovorin and fluorouracil: impact on disease-free survival and overall survival.
Authors: A Zaniboni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE The rationale for using adjuvant chemotherapy in colorectal cancer is to achieve better disease control and thus reduce the high rates of tumor recurrence and mortality in patients who undergo curative surgery. The current literature, including relevant abstracts, on clinical trials of fluorouracil (5-FU) in combination with high-dose leucovorin as adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer is reviewed. The intent is not to present new data, but to present the reader with a broad perspective and larger patient experience on which to base well-reasoned treatment decisions. DESIGN Published clinical trials and abstracts presented at the 1996 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) meeting that assessed 5-FU in combination with high-dose leucovorin as adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer were surveyed. End points of interest were disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival, and toxicity. RESULTS In randomized trials that used high-dose leucovorin at doses that ranged from daily-times-five 200 mg/m2 to weekly 500 mg/m2 in combination with 5-FU, significant improvements in both DFS and overall survival were observed over surgery alone (control). In patients treated with high-dose leucovorin/5-FU, DFS rates ranged from 71% to 77% compared with control (58% to 64%). A similar trend was seen in overall survival, with a range of 75% to 84% compared with control (63% to 77%). Toxicities observed for high-dose leucovorin administered on a weekly or daily-times-five schedule were diarrhea, stomatitis, myelosuppression, and nausea. CONCLUSION Overall, the results of these randomized trials support the use of high-dose leucovorin/5-FU as adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer. Longer follow-up studies are needed to compare the benefits of these different regimens in terms of survival and to characterize adverse effects, especially those that may not be immediately evident. Adjuvant therapy with high-dose leucovorin/5-FU is an effective regimen that is well tolerated by many patients with colorectal cancer.
Oral Malignant Acanthosis Nigricans and Tripe Palms Associated With Renal Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: Hwee Chyen Lee, Khor Jia Ker, Wei-Sheng Chong
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

had larger, irregularly shaped ulcerations with a fibrinous base on her legs.Blood and skin cultures grew MRSA that was sensitive to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin.Findings of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) studies of cutaneous ulcerations were negative for varicella zoster virus and HSV.A punch biopsy of a cutaneous ulcer revealed epidermal atrophy, papillary dermal edema, and perivascular and interstitial mixed inflammation.Scattered endothelial cells in small dermal vessels and dermal fibroblasts showed large eosinophilic intranuclear inclusions surrounded by a clear halo (Figure 2).Immunohistochemical stains for CMV highlighted several endothelial cells and fibroblasts (Figure 2, inset).No PCR testing for CMV was performed on skin specimens because the positive immunohistochemical findings were considered confirmatory.Cytomegalovirus DNA was detected by plasma PCR.She was diagnosed with disseminated cutaneous CMV infection with CMV viremia.There was no evidence of other organ involvement or of further progression of her MF or hematologic disease.Treatment with TBEB was discontinued, and she completed 3 weeks of treatment with intravenous ganciclovir and vancomycin followed by resolution of her cutaneous ulcerations.Subsequent plasma CMV PCR findings were negative, and she was discharged home.
DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases of Ehrlich Carcinoma, Other Murine Ascites Tumors, and Murine Normal Tissues 2
Authors: D. G. R. Blair
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article DNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases of Ehrlich Carcinoma, Other Murine Ascites Tumors, and Murine Normal Tissues Get access D. G. R. Blair D. G. R. Blair Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 55, Issue 2, August 1975, Pages 397–412, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/55.2.397 Published: 01 August 1975 Article history Received: 13 January 1975 Accepted: 25 April 1975 Published: 01 August 1975
Abstract 16127: Effect of REGN727/SAR236553 Anti-Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Fully Human Monoclonal Antibody in Patients with Elevated Triglycerides/Low High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol: Data from Three Phase 2 Studies (NCT:01266876; 01288469; 01288443)
Authors: Robert Dufour, Patrick M Moriarty, Elisabeth Genestin, William J Sasiela, Yunling Du, Anne-Catherine Ferrand, Henry N Ginsberg
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is regarded as the primary target for risk reduction in hypercholesterolemia. However, patients with associated high triglycerides (TGs) and ...
Clinical Transplantation of the Heart: A Review of 13 Years’ Personal Experience<sup>1</sup>
Authors: Christiaan N Barnard, D K C Cooper
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

The results of the heart transplantation operations performed personally by one surgeon (CNB) at Groote Schuur Hospital between 1967 and 1980 are reviewed. Of 9 orthotopic transplants performed between 1967 and 1973, 4 survived for more than one year and 2 remain alive today twelve and ten years later. Of 11 heterotopic transplants performed since 1974, one-year patient survival has been 82%, though one patient survived on his own heart after irreversible graft rejection. Three of the original 4 patients remain alive over five years later. These results are rather better than the overall results of our unit, where a total of 37 heterotopic transplants has been performed; the possible reasons for this are discussed. One patient, previously unreported, who underwent transplantation of the heart and both lungs in 1971, died after 23 days from pulmonary complications. Heterotopic transplantation using a xenograft (baboon or chimpanzee heart) has been performed on two occasions as a means of temporary circulatory support in patients with acutely failing hearts when no human donor was available. The chimpanzee heart supported the circulation satisfactorily for four days.
Breath analysis in real time by mass spectrometry in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Pablo Martinez-Lozano Sinues, Renato Zenobi, Malcolm Kohler
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objectives: It has been suggested that exhaled breath contains relevant information on health status. We hypothesized that the real-time mass spectrometric analysis of breath may be useful to differentiate breathprints from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and controls.  Methods: We studied 61 participants: 25 COPD patients (GOLD I-IV), 25 non-smoking controls and 11 smoking controls. We analyzed their breath by mass spectrometry in real time. Raw mass spectra were post-processed and statistically analyzed.  Results: Four groups comprising COPD (GOLD I-II), COPD (GOLD III-IV), smoking controls and non-smoking controls were correctly classified as a result of principal component analysis/canonical analysis. The most significant features rendering the separation of the different groups were identified. A blind classification (i.e. leave-one-out cross validation) resulted in 92% sensitivity-73% specificity (COPD vs. smoking controls); and 84% sensitivity-88% specificity (COPD vs. non-smoking controls).  Conclusions: We conclude that real time mass spectrometry may be a useful technique to analyze and characterize the metabolome of exhaled breath. The acquisition of breathprints in a rapid fashion may be a valuable tool to diagnose and phenotype COPD.
Survivorship: Sexual Dysfunction (Male), Version 1.2013
Authors: Crystal S. Denlinger, Robert W. Carlson, Madhuri Are, K. Scott Baker, Elizabeth Davis, Stephen B. Edge, Debra L. Friedman, Mindy Goldman, Lee Jones, Allison King, Elizabeth Kvale, Terry S. Langbaum, Jennifer A. Ligibel, Mary S. McCabe, Kevin T. McVary, Michelle Melisko, Jose G. Montoya, Kathi Mooney, Mary Ann Morgan, Tracey O’Connor, Electra D. Paskett, Muhammad Raza, Karen L. Syrjala, Susan G. Urba, Mark T. Wakabayashi, Phyllis Zee, Nicole McMillian, Deborah Freedman-Cass
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

Cancer treatment, especially hormonal therapy and therapy directed toward the pelvis, can contribute to sexual problems, as can depression and anxiety, which are common in cancer survivors. Thus, sexual dysfunction is common in survivors and can cause increased distress and have a significant negative impact on quality of life. This section of the NCCN Guidelines for Survivorship provides screening, evaluation, and treatment recommendations for female sexual problems, including those related to sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, and pain.
Increased risk of cancer in patients with scleroderma: no risk in patients with morphoea? * Author's reply
Authors: U Wollina
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

In a recent issue of the Annals Hill et al reported a risk of cancer in patients with (systemic) scleroderma. The authors found an increased risk for all cancers, but the greatest significantly increased relative risk was for lung cancer.1

Published data do not indicate an increased risk of …
The analysis of a local outbreak of avian-origin influenza A (H7N9) in Shanghai
Authors: Jindong Shi, Juan Xie, Zebao He, Fangming Li, Yanchao He, Qihui Huang, Yong Gu, Zhijun Jie
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Our hospital received the first patient infected with avian influenza H7N9 in the world. Shortly thereafter, several other cases emerged in the local area. To achieve early detection of H7N9 for timely diagnosis and treatment, the epidemiological and clinical information of all 6 cases were analyzed.  Methods and Results: 2 cases were family members. 3 cases had a history of contacting with poultry. All of the 6 patients lived around two markets where H7N9 virus were found in chickens and pigeons. The main symptoms were fever, cough, and hemoptysis. At onset, a decreased lymphocyte counts and elevated creatine kinase (CK), LDH, and CRP levels were observed. As the disease progressed, most patients had dyspnea and hypoxemia. Imaging showed lung consolidation and multiple ground-glass opacities at the early stage, rapidly extending bilaterally. All patients were treated with oseltamivir tablets. The complication rates were as follows: ARDS(83.3%), secondary bacterial infection (66.7%), pleural effusion (50%), left ventricular failure (33.3%), neuropsychiatric symptoms (33.3%), and rhabdomyolysis (16.7%). 4 of 6 cases died of ARDS, only 2 cases were recovered.Conclusions: An outbreak of H7N9 infection was taken place in the Minhang District of Shanghai, which easily progressed to ARDS. Two cases showed family aggregation, which provided the key to discover H7N9 virus and indicated human transmission might exist.
Association Between Chest Compression Interruptions and Clinical Outcomes of Ventricular Fibrillation Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Tom F. Brouwer, Robert G. Walker, Fred W. Chapman, Rudolph W. Koster
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background— Minimizing pauses in chest compressions during cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a focus of current guidelines. Prior analyses found that prolonged pauses for defibrillation (perishock pauses) are associated with worse survival. We analyzed resuscitations to characterize the association between pauses for all reasons and both ventricular fibrillation termination and patient survival. Methods and Results— In 319 patients with ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, we analyzed recordings from all defibrillators used during resuscitation and measured durations of all cardiopulmonary resuscitation pauses. Median durations were 32 seconds (25th and 75th percentile, 22 and 52 seconds) for the longest pause for any reason, 23 seconds (25th and 75th percentile, 14 and 34 seconds) for the longest perishock pause, and 24 seconds (25th and 75th percentile, 11 and 38 seconds) for the longest nonshock pause. Multivariable regression models showed lower odds for survival per 5-second increase in the longest overall pause (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.83–0.95), longest perishock pause (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.77–0.93), and longest nonshock pause (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.91). In 36% of cases, the longest pause was a nonshock pause; this subgroup had lower survival than the group in whom the longest pause was a perishock pause (27% versus 44%, respectively; P &lt;0.01) despite a higher chest compression fraction. Preshock pauses were 8 seconds (25th and 75th percentile, 4 and 17 seconds) for shocks that terminated ventricular fibrillation and 7 seconds (25th and 75th percentile, 4 and 13 seconds) for shocks that did not ( P =0.18). Conclusions— Prolonged pauses have a negative association with survival not explained by chest compression fraction or decreased ventricular fibrillation termination rate. Ventricular fibrillation termination was not the mechanism linking pause duration and survival. Strategies shortening the longest pauses may improve outcome.