tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic factors among 185 adults with newly diagnosed advanced Hodgkin's disease treated with alternating potentially noncross-resistant chemotherapy and intermediate-dose radiation therapy.
Authors: D J Straus, J J Gaynor, J Myers, D P Merke, J Caravelli, D Chapman, J Yahalom, B D Clarkson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

The initial promising results with alternating chemotherapy regimens (mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone/doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine [MOPP/ABVD]; lomustine, melphalan, and vindesine [CAD] plus MOPP plus ABV) combined with intermediate-dose radiation therapy (RT) have been sustained with further follow-up; 82.2% of patients (152 of 185) achieved a complete remission (CR), and overall survival is 71.7% +/- 4.4% at 8 years (median follow-up is 55 months among the survivors). No statistically significant differences were found in CR percentage, CR duration, or survival between stages IIB, IIIB, and IV patients. For that reason, stepwise Cox regression analyses to identify the important prognostic factors were performed on overall survival, tumor mortality, freedom from disease progression, and survival following disease progression. Pretreatment characteristics were also tested for association with the probability of achieving CR, CR duration, and death due to other causes. Characteristics that were consistently associated with an independently unfavorable prognosis were low hematocrit, high serum lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH), age more than 45 years, inguinal node involvement, mediastinal mass greater than .45 of the thoracic diameter, and bone marrow involvement. Patients with two or more unfavorable characteristics were much more likely to fail treatment (median survival, 62.4 months) than those with none or only one unfavorable factor (greater than 95% survival). This striking difference between the low- and high-risk groups remained even if the comparison was restricted to patients less than or equal to 45 years of age. These results provide a basis for selecting the young patients at high risk of failure for more intensive initial treatment with either autologous bone marrow rescue or hematopoietic growth factors.
Relationship of Ugt1A and Abc Genetic Variants to Toxicity and Response in Preoperative Chemoradiation (Crt) with Concurrent Irinotecan for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer (Larc)
Authors: S. Gollins, T. Sherman, H. Byers, J. Bowes, A.S. Myint, S. Susnerwala, B. Haylock, M. Wise, M.P. Saunders, S. Essapen, L. Samuel, M.F. Latif, F. Azam, D. Ryder, W. Newman
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Expression and clinical diagnostic efficacy of serum PCT and macrophage migration inhibitory factor in patients with sepsis
Authors: Yubiao Guo, Yuan Yuan Cheng, Jie Zhang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective:  To investigate the expression and clinical siginificance of procalcitonin(PCT) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)for diagnostic efficacy, severity stratification and prognostic outcome of sepsis.   Methods:  ninety sepsis patients admitted to ICU were prospectively divided into the sepsis group (n=18) ,the severe sepsis group (n=40) and the septic shock group (n=32). The serum PCT was measured by ECLIA, and the serum level of MIF was measured by ELISA, which was compared with normal subjects (n=30) respectively. Clinical data and the 28days survival situation of these patients were also recorded.   Results:  The PCT concentration was the highest in septic shock group, followed by severe sepsis group, sepsis group, and then the control group, showing significant difference ( P  P >0.05). ROC curve to predict diagnosis of sepsis, The area under the curve(AUC) of PCT was 0.942, MIF was 0.911,and combined PCT and MIF was 0.948.   Conclusions:  The serum concentration of PCT and MIF were useful biomarkers for diagnosis of sepsis. PCT could be used in severity stratifying for sepsis.The combination usage of serum PCT and MIF can increase the diagnostic efficacy of sepsis.   key words:  Sepsis; procalcitonin; macrophage migration inhibitory factor; biomarker.
Validation of multiple breath washout technology in healthy children and children with CF
Authors: Felix Ratjen, Juliana Salazar, Karyn Gibney, Renee Jensen, Per Gustafsson, Padmaja Subbarao, Sanja Stanojevic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Mass spectrometry based technology is considered the “gold standard” for measuring LC, but is not readily available. In this ongoing study we aim to validate a nitrogen washout system for use in CF children. In a cross-over design, healthy and clinically stable CF children performed MBW by mass spectrometry (AMIS 2000; Innovision A/S, Odense, Denmark) using 4% SF6 or by nitrogen washout (Exhalyzer D, Eco Medics AG, Switzerland). Results were independently scored by two operators; Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the agreement between the two systems. To date 24 healthy children (median age 11 years (range 3-17)) and 33 children with CF (median age 11 years (range 3-17) completed MBW measurements using both the mass spectrometry and N 2  washout. There was no systematic bias observed in LCI between the two methods. Overall there was good agreement healthy children (95% of all measurements agreed within –0.44; 0.83); however LCI SF6  was systematically 0.2 (95% CI 0.06; 0.33) units lower than LCI N2 . The mean difference between the two systems was greater in children with CF (0.4 (CI 0.29 to 0.55) and the limits of agreement were wider (-0.33; 1.17). Agreement between the two methods for moment ratios was better for the M1M0 (-0.43; 0.63) than M2M0 (-5.72; 8.60), and greater in healthy children compared with children with CF. Inter-observer agreement for nitrogen washout was high (-0.08; 0.08) for all outcomes. These data suggest that while there is no systematic bias between the two systems, LCI measured by nitrogen washout is higher compared to LCI measured by mass spectrometry. Inter-observer variability is low for nitrogen washout if analyzed by trained operators.  Supported by CFF.
Smoking cessation practice of physicians for hospitalized patients in tertiary hospital
Authors: Leyla Yilmaz Aydin, Davut Baltaci, Fatih Alasan, Mucahit Gur, Harun Deler, Serkan Karacam
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

OBJECTIVE :  To determine smoking cessation practice tertiary hospital physicians, and causal factors influencing  METHODS: A survey of the cross-sectional study was applied on phone. A data of 1270 patients hospitalized in Duzce University Hospital between January-April 2012 was analyzed. Intensive care units, pediatric, and department of chest diseases were excluded.  RESULTS: The response rate was 45%. Mean age was 52.81±18.08. 47.4% of them were male. The frequency of current smokers for male was 31.5% and 16.7% for female. The frequency of chronic disease was 57.6%. Status of active and passive smoking was asked in 70.5% and 22.3% of participants. Male patients were more often asked for smoking status (p=0.017). Male smokers are more advised to stop, assessed and arranged, the risks were described, why not to quit smoking and asked to consultation during hospitalization (p=0.021, p=0.006, p=0.026, p=0.038, p=0.019, p=0.040, p=0.017). Explaining benefits of quitting smoking was depend on patients’ education level (p=0.027). Having a chronic disease increased relevance with smoking (p=0.003). The wards was associated with advice, Assessment and Arrangement (p=0.004, p=0.036, p=0.013, p=0.023). There was no difference in “Asking”, but “Advice”, “Relevant with disease” and “Reward” were more associated with internal, than surgical wards (p=0.013, p=0.005, p=0.048).  CONCLUSIONS: Smoking cessation practice of the physicians for hospitalized patients is associated with patient gender, education level and chronic disease. The physicians from internal branches were performing cessation practice better. Physicians must encourage to not losing opportunities obtained and patients should be directed.
Analysis of importance of clinical and laboratory parameters for clinical course and outcome of septic or no septic pulmonary embolism
Authors: Besim Prnjavorac, Rifat Sejdinovic, Jusuf Mehic, Albina Sinanovic, Zlata Hajric, Dzenana Avdic, Omer Bedak, Jasmin Fejzic, Zahid Kurbasic, Belkisa Hasanic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is many times life treating disease, and the diagnosis should be achieved as soon as possible. Presence of fever may be or not present at the start of PE. Haemoculture should be performed any time if PE is linked with fever. It is very important to check out any symptom and sign of PE. D-dimmer may only exclude the diagnosis, but for this purpose it is very important.  AIM: To analyze the most important predictors for clinical course and outcome of septic or no septic PE:  METHODS: Patients with PE treated in Department of Pulmology in General Hospital Tesanj. PE was considered if Geneve score was five points or more. For any patient CT scan of the chest, chest X-ray at admission, and 4th, 7th and 14th day of hospitalization. Lactat-dechidrogenase, Creatin-kinase, CRP, D-dimmer, ECG and blood gas analyzes were performed, so.  RESULTS: During one year of follow up 36 patients were considered for PE, according to Geneve score, among them 11 with septic embolie.  In patients with no septic PE no changes on control Chest X-ray were seen, but in any of septic ones X-ray appearance showed progression. Other parameters were nearly the same, with moderate higher level of CRP in PE. The gold standard for diagnosis of PE rest double scintigrafic imaging of the lung, with ventilation and perfusion phase. D-dimmer is very useful parameter to exclude if PE is not occurred.  CONCLUSION: The most important parameter to distinguish septic or no septic PE was dynamic changes of chest X-ray appearance with substantial more progression in septic than in non septic ones.
Airway distensibility with lung inflation following allogeneic haematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT)
Authors: Giovanni Barisione, Pasquale Pio Pompilio, Andrea Bacigalupo, Riccardo Pellegrino, Alex Cioè, Raffaele Dellacà, Claudia Brusasco, Emanuele Crimi, Teresa Lamparelli, Vito Brusasco
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  In uncomplicated HSCT, absolute lung volume is reduced but the ability to reverse induced bronchoconstriction by deep-breath is enhanced.  Aims:  To study whether this effect may be due to increased airway distensibility.  Methods:  23 subjects were studied before and 1-3 and 3-6 mo after HSCT. Resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) of the respiratory system were measured by FOT (5, 11 and 19 Hz) at FRC and TLC. The ratio of changes in respiratory conductance (Grs) from FRC to TLC to changes in lung volume (ΔGrs/ΔV L ) was used to estimate airway distensibility.  Results:  Grs at FRC was larger at all frequencies whereas Xrs at 5 Hz was less negative after than before HSCT.  TLC was decreased by 5±2% whereas FRC was not changed. ΔGrs/ΔV L  was steeper after than before HSCT (P  Tissue lung density, measured by quantitative CT scan (n=8), was increased after HSCT by 18±11% (P=0.0006).   Conclusions:  Airway caliber and distensibility are increased after HSCT, likely due to an increased distending force of lung parenchyma.
Reticulum Cell Neoplasm, Type B, or the “Hodgkin's-Like Lesion” of the Mouse
Authors: Thelma B. Dunn, Margaret K. Deringer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Recent reports on the Type B neoplasm, or the “Hodgkin's-like lesion” of the mouse, have been reviewed, gross and microscopic descriptions are given, and personal observations reported. Information is furnished on two recently introduced inbred strains, the SJL/J and NZB/BI, in which tumors of this type are reported. Finally, questions are asked concerning the significance of this lesion, suggestions are made for further work, and its relation to Hodgkin's disease in man is discussed.
Vaccination with Melanoma Helper Peptides Induces Antibody Responses Associated with Improved Overall Survival
Authors: Caroline M Reed, Nicole D Cresce, Ileana S Mauldin, Craig L Slingluff, Walter C Olson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

A melanoma vaccine incorporating six peptides designed to induce helper T-cell responses to melanoma antigens has induced Th1-dominant CD4(+) T-cell responses in most patients, and induced durable clinical responses or stable disease in 24% of evaluable patients. The present study tested whether this vaccine also induced antibody (Ab) responses to each peptide, and whether Ab responses were associated with T-cell responses and with clinical outcome.
Relation between depression and circulating immune products in patients with advanced colorectal cancer
Authors: T G Allen-Mersh, Clare Glover, Carol Fordy, D C Henderson, M Davies
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1998)

We have previously suggested that colorectal liver metastases might produce 'toxins' that reduce both quality of life (QoL) and survival. In this study we assessed whether QoL in patients with such metastases was related to immune activation, as determined by increased serum levels of interleukin 6 (IL6), soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFr1), soluble interleukin 2 receptor alpha (sIL2r alpha) or the interferon-gamma marker neopterin. Serum IL6, sTNFr1, sIL2r alpha, neopterin, alkaline phosphatase and carcinoembryonic antigen levels, liver metastasis volume, and QoL (Hospital Anxiety and Depression [HAD] scale, Rotterdam Symptom Checklist [RSC], and Sickness Impact Profile [SIP]) were measured in 43 patients. There were significant positive correlations between serum sIL2r alpha and HAD depression score (r = 0.66, P = 0.0001), RSC physical symptom score (r = 0.46, P < 0.01), and SIP score (r = 0.47, P = 0.009). Multiple regression analysis suggested that serum sIL2r alpha level was a significant independent predictor of HAD depression score. Although survival was shorter (logrank test P < 0.05) where sIL2r alpha, sTNFr1 and IL6 levels were higher, the ability of sIL2r alpha to predict HAD depression score was independent of survival.
Spontaneous Pneumothoraces due to Metastatic Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma in a Woman Infected with HIV
Authors: Deep J. Shah, Varun K. Phadke, Gabriela Oprea-Ilies, Eugene A. Berkowitz, Minh-Ly T. Nguyen, Anandi N. Sheth
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

A 41-year-old woman with HIV/AIDS (CD4 439 cells/mm 3 on antiretroviral therapy) presented with cough, dyspnea, and pleuritic chest pain.Chest imaging showed bilateral pneumothoraces as well as numerous solid and cystic subpleural pulmonary nodules and masses (Figure 1).Concurrent abdominopelvic imaging revealed uterine and bilateral adnexal enlargement.CA-125 was 41.5 U/ml (normal, ,20 U/ml).Pneumothoraces were managed with bilateral tube thoracostomy.Surgical lung biopsy yielded a diagnosis of metastatic endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) (Figure 2A).Two years earlier, a uterine mass had been diagnosed as leiomyoma by biopsy.In advanced HIV infection (CD4 ,200 cells/mm 3 ), pneumothoraces are typically associated with opportunistic infections.Our patient's reconstituted immunity, previous uterine pathology, and elevated CA-125 prompted consideration of alternative etiologies such as pulmonary metastases or thoracic endometriosis.Obtaining a definitive diagnosis of ESS is challenging.Common obstacles include inadequate sampling and confusion with other spindle cell entities due to overlapping cytopathologic profiles.In one retrospective series, 40% of uterine ESS cases were initially misdiagnosed as benign lesions, resulting in a mean diagnostic delay of 143 months (1).In our case, positive CD10 staining of lung biopsy tissue helped secure the diagnosis of metastatic ESS (2).Early detection is critical, because 5-year survival for stage III/IV disease is only 66% (3, 4).Our patient was initially managed with hysterectomy and megestrol acetate (5).Unfortunately, her disease progressed, and she was switched to exemestane, an aromatase inhibitor.n
Late Effects of Treatment for Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Debra L. Friedman, Louis S. Constine
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2006)

With advances in multimodality therapy, survival from Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) now exceeds 80%, resulting in a large cohort of survivors who are at risk for adverse long-term sequelae of therapy. This risk is complicated by possible endogenous predispositions to developing late effects, which relate to the patient's underlying susceptibility to HL. Finally, the impact of HL on the host can compromise organ function. This article reviews the possible dominant late effects for survivors of HL and strategies for monitoring and screening. As therapy for HL has changed and evolved, so has the spectrum of late effects. Mortality from HL has decreased, whereas delayed effects of therapy have increased. Refinements in therapy to decrease toxicity have occurred in response to the success in curing HL. Thus, modifications in therapeutic protocols using a risk-adapted strategy have reduced the use of alkylating agents, anthracyclines, and radiotherapy, which are associated with adverse long-term sequelae. The most clinically evident sequelae are those involving the endocrine and cardiovascular systems, and the most morbid are hematologic and solid second malignancies. Primary and secondary prevention strategies can be developed as knowledge of delayed effects of therapy increases.
β-Adrenergic Receptors and Regulation of Energy Expenditure: A Family Affair
Authors: Jacques Robidoux, Tonya L. Martin, Sheila Collins
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2004)

The family of adrenergic receptors (ARs) expressed in adipocytes includes three sibling betaARs and two alphaAR cousins. Together they profoundly influence the mobilization of stored fatty acids, secretion of fat-cell derived hormones, and the specialized process of nonshivering thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue. The two types of fat cells that compose adipose tissue, brown and white, are structurally and functionally distinct. Studies on the mechanisms by which individual betaAR regulates these cell-specific functions have recently uncovered new signal transduction cascades involved in processes traditionally ascribed to adenylyl cyclase/cAMP/protein kinase A system. They illustrate how betaAR signaling can orchestrate a coordinated set of intracellular responses for fine control of metabolic balance.
Leukemia risk following radiotherapy for breast cancer.
Authors: R E Curtis, J D Boice, M Stovall, J T Flannery, W C Moloney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

To evaluate further the relationship between high-dose radiotherapy and leukemia incidence, a nested case-control study was conducted in a cohort of 22,753 women who were 18-month survivors of invasive breast cancer diagnosed from 1935 to 1972. Women treated for breast cancer after 1973 were excluded to minimize the possible confounding influence of treatment with chemotherapeutic agents. The cases had histologically confirmed leukemia reported to the Connecticut Tumor Registry (CTR) between 1935 and 1984. A total of 48 cases of leukemia following breast cancer were included in the study. Two controls were individually matched to each leukemia case on the basis of age, calendar year when diagnosed with breast cancer, and survival time. Leukemia diagnoses were verified by one hematologist. Radiation dose to active bone marrow was estimated by medical physicists on the basis of the original radiotherapy records of study subjects. Local radiation doses to each of the 16 bone marrow components for each patient were reconstructed; the dose averaged over the entire body was 530 rad (5.3 Gy). Based on this dosage and assuming a linear relationship between dose and affect, a relative risk (RR) in excess of 10 would have been expected. However, there was little evidence that radiotherapy increased the overall risk of leukemia (RR = 1.16; 90% confidence interval [CI], 0.6 to 2.1). The risk of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, one of the few malignancies without evidence for an association with ionizing radiation, was not significantly increased (RR = 1.8; n = 10); nor was the risk for all other forms of leukemia (RR = 1.0; n = 38). There was no indication that risk varied over categories of radiation dose. These data exclude an association between leukemia and radiotherapy for breast cancer of 2.2-fold with 90% confidence, and provide further evidence that cell death predominates over cell transformation when high radiation doses are delivered to limited volumes of tissue.
Autologous bone marrow transplantation for patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: value of augmented preparative regimens--a Southwest Oncology Group trial.
Authors: P J Stiff, S Dahlberg, S J Forman, A R McCall, S J Horning, A P Nademanee, K G Blume, M LeBlanc, R I Fisher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To determine the toxicity and prognosis of patients with relapsed and refractory diffuse aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who underwent an autologous bone marrow transplant (ABMT) using augmented preparative regimens, treated in a major cooperative group setting, and to examine prognostic factors for outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ninety-four patients with either chemosensitive (50 patients) or chemoresistant (44 patients) relapse, including 22 who failed induction chemotherapy, were treated with high-dose cyclophosphamide and etoposide with total-body irradiation (TBI) (67 patients) or an augmented carmustine (BCNU), cyclophosphamide, and etoposide (BCV) preparative regimen (27 patients) and an ABMT at 16 Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) transplant centers. All relapsing patients were required to undergo a minimum of two courses of salvage therapy to determine chemosensitivity before transplant. Overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were determined and a Cox regression model was used to assess potential prognostic variables. RESULTS Of the 94 eligible patients, there were 10 (10.6%) deaths before day 50 posttransplant because of infection (six deaths), hemorrhagic alveolitis (three deaths), or bleeding (one death). The median 3-year PFS and OS for the entire group was 33% and 44%. For those with chemosensitive disease the PFS and OS were 42% and 55%, whereas for those with chemoresistant disease the PFS and OS were 22% and 29%. The PFS and OS for those failing induction chemotherapy were 27% and 32%. The relapse rates within the first 3 years for the chemosensitive relapse, chemoresistant, and induction failure groups were 61%, 40%, and 59%, respectively. For both PFS and OS, only disease status at transplant was a significant factor in the multivariate Cox model. CONCLUSION These results single institutional pilot trials exploring augmented preparative regimens. Patients undergoing transplantation for resistant disease, particularly those failing induction chemotherapy, appear to have an improved prognosis as compared with reports using standard preparative regimens. Therapies other than manipulation of standard preparative regimens appear to be required to decrease relapses following autotransplantation.