tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P035: Simple Cooking With Heart Culinary Literacy Program: Skill Acquisition, Attitudinal Change, Intention and Efficacy Lead to Improved Dietary Consumption Patters
Authors: Liz McKnight, Dorothea K Vafiadis
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Less than 1% of Americans consume a diet that is consistent with the American Heart Association (AHA) definition for ideal cardiovascular health. In-home food preparation is associated with healthier dietary patterns and is more likely to align with current AHA recommendations for healthy eating. Hypothesis: The AHA’s Simple Cooking with Heart (SCwH) program aims to increase the healthfulness of family meals by addressing common barriers to cooking at home (lack of time, lack of skill, lack of budget). By increasing self-efficacy, individuals will demonstrate changes in attitudes and intention to choose wisely when shopping, as well as prepare and consume more meals at home, resulting in improved diet quality. Exposure to a “live” demonstration program that engages participants will improve cooking confidence and change attitudes in low-socioeconomic populations, compared to an online only, skills-building video exposure. The theoretical framework for this intervention is based upon the Health Belief Model. Methods: A 4-week, 2-cell controlled exposure study design measured the discrete impact of SCwH on low-income individuals exposed to a live cooking demonstration experience compared to individuals who received an online only exposure. All individuals were assessed via questionnaire post baseline for changes in attitude/intention, skill acquisition, frequency of meals prepared in home, dietary consumption and relevance of materials and information received; 337 participants completed the 4 week study. Results: Participation in “live” cooking demonstrations had a near immediate positive impact on participants’ intentions to: increase number of meals at home, reduce added salt and sugar/sweeteners, eat more fruits/vegetables/whole grains, and decrease unhealthy items. Participants who receive a “live” exposure have increased outcomes compared to those who received an online-only exposure. Demonstration participants, compared to web-only participants, reported: more often using new information in-home and reported a significant increase in the frequency of consuming healthy food items and a decrease in unhealthy items. Online-only cell respondents reported no significant difference in the mean frequency an item (healthy or unhealthy) was consumed. Both cells reported learning new information/skills. Conclusions: Culinary skill development, changing perceptions about affordable meals and addressing barriers to preparing and consuming meals in-home can be an effective way to improve dietary quality in low-socioeconomic populations. Exposure to “live” demonstration programs can increase effectiveness and promote healthier cooking at home; however, online-only intervention can still have a positive impact.
Abstract 651: <i>Ex vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i> characterization of IPH4102, a humanized anti-KIR3DL2 antibody for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas
Authors: Anne Marie-Cardine, Nicolas Viaud, Arnaud Dujardin, Rachel Joly, Laurent Gauthier, Cecile Bonnafous, Mathieu Blery, Carine Paturel, Armand Bensussan, Martine Bagot, Helene Sicard
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract KIR3DL2 belongs to the killer immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (KIRs) family and is composed of three extracellular Ig-like domains. KIR3DL2 is naturally expressed on some NK cells and minor subpopulations of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Physiologically, KIRD3L2 is an inhibitory receptor for human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molécules regulating NK cell activation. Interestingly, KIR3DL2 is also expressed on several subtypes of T lymphomas/leukemias, and in particular on Advanced cutaneous T cell lymphomas (CTCL), making it a unique therapeutic target in cancer. From a wide collection of anti-KIR3DL2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with distinct properties related to several epitopes, we have selected IPH4102 as the lead therapeutic candidate. IPH4102 is a humanized IgG1 that selectively kills KIR3DL2-positive cells in vitro, mainly through antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC). IPH4102 also improves survival of mice engrafted with KIR3DL2-positive tumors. More importantly, IPH4102 exerts remarkable anti-tumor activity against primary KIR3DL2-positive tumor cells ex vivo: using blood taken from Sézary Syndrome patients as experimental model, we demonstrated the efficient killing of primary leukemic cells by autologous NK cells engaged by IPH4102. IPH4102 IND-enabling studies are ongoing. In parallel, other anti-KIR3DL2 mAbs were also developed as unique and sensitive tools for the detection by immunohistochemistry of KIR3DL2 on tumor biopsies. Owing to its efficacy profile and to the highly restricted expression pattern of its target KIR3DL2, IPH4102 stands as a very promising therapeutic option for the treatment of advanced cutaneous T cell lymphomas. Citation Format: Anne Marie-Cardine, Nicolas Viaud, Arnaud Dujardin, Rachel Joly, Laurent Gauthier, Cecile Bonnafous, Mathieu Blery, Carine Paturel, Armand Bensussan, Martine Bagot, Helene Sicard. Ex vivo and in vivo characterization of IPH4102, a humanized anti-KIR3DL2 antibody for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 651. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-651
Retinopathy in Youth With Type 2 Diabetes Participating in the TODAY Clinical Trial
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of retinopathy in 517 youth with type 2 diabetes of 2–8 years duration enrolled in the TODAY study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Retinal photographs were graded centrally for retinopathy using established standards. RESULTS Retinopathy was identified in 13.7% of subjects. Prevalence increased with age, diabetes duration, and mean HbA1c. Subjects in the highest BMI tertile had the lowest prevalence of retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of retinopathy and its association with HbA1c and diabetes duration is similar to that previously reported in youth with type 1 diabetes and in adults with type 2 diabetes of known duration. The mechanism underlying the reduced risk of retinopathy in the most obese individuals is unknown. Follow-up of this cohort will help define the natural history of retinopathy in youth with type 2 diabetes.
142. Innovations in Process Technology for Plasmid DNA Manufacturing - Modular Variations of a Generic Process, Regulatory Relevance, and Economic Impact
Authors: Wayne A. Tvrdik, John Vu, Astrid Breul, Markus Mueller, Joachim Schorr
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

After a decade of pioneering research we are now seeing increasing numbers of plasmid DNA based gene therapy and genetic vaccination projects progressing from pre-and early-clinical phases to phase II and III trials. At this point, the economy of the process technology becomes a key factor and will, in the long run, influence the market success of a drug to the same extent as efficacy (1). The presentation discusses the technological prerequisites required to minimize manufacturing costs while maximising product purity, safety, and regulatory compliance. In addition, recent technological improvements that allow modular modification of the generic manufacturing process, in order to taylor-make it to the clients' specific requirements, will be discussed.
A Trial of Hyperglycemic Control in Pediatric Intensive Care
Authors: Thalita G S Vasques, Juliana F Ferranti, Werther B de Carvalho
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

To the Editor: In reporting the results of the Control of Hyperglycaemia in Paediatric Intensive Care (CHiP) trial, Macrae et al. (Jan.9 issue) 1 define "normoglycemia" in children in the intensive care unit (ICU) as a blood glucose level of 72 to 126 mg per deciliter (4.0 to 7.0 mmol per liter), and thus only two thirds of patients in the tight-glycemic-control group required insulin.The number of days that children were free from mechanical ventilation at 30 days was unaffected, but kidney failure was prevented, the length of stay in the hospital was reduced, and the mean costs of hospital and community health services were lowered by tight glucose control.An earlier randomized, controlled trial involving a similar patient population targeted healthy fasting blood glucose ranges (in infants younger than 1 year, 50 to 80 mg per deciliter [2.8 to 4.4 mmol per liter], and in children 1 year of age or older, 70 to 100 mg per deciliter [3.9 to 5.6 mmol per liter]).That trial, in which all patients required insulin, showed reduced morbidity and mortality and, subsequently, improved neurocognitive develop-ment. 2,3In CHiP, most children in the control group were spontaneously "normoglycemic" according to the authors' definition (blood glucose level, 122 mg per deciliter [6.8 mmol per liter] on day 1 and 114 mg per deciliter [6.3 mmol per liter] thereafter).Hence, the population at risk was diluted by a population not at risk, rendering statistical power insufficient.Since tight glucose control prevents later complications, 4 only the more critically ill patients who had more severe hyperglycemia and longer stays in the hospital -just a fraction of the patients in this studymay possibly benefit.The length of hospital stay in this study was 5 days shorter with tight glycemic control than with conventional treatment.This effect occurred late and was confirmed by the analysis of costs in the 12 months after randomization, so that more weight was given to patients with longer stays in the hospital. 5Future trials of tight glucose control in children in ICUs should therefore select only patients "at risk" (with hyperglycemia) or increase the sample size.
Studies on Pollen Allergy in Delhi
Authors: A. B. Singh, C. R. Babu
Journal: Allergy (1980)

The volumetric sampling of the air has been earned out with the Suction Impaction Sampler devised by Tilak &amp; Kulkarni (1970). The pollen counts have been expressed as number per cubic metre volume of the air. Based on the percentage of pollen peaks, diurnal patterns of the total count of all the types, and six dominant allergens have been determined. For these allergens, daily fluctuations have also been recorded. The influence of meteorological factors such as temperature, wind, rainfall, relative humidity and sunshine hours/day on the variation patterns in the concentration of atmospheric pollen has been discussed. It has been shown that 25–30°C temperature, 5–15km/h wind speed, 60–70°, RH, bright, sunny and rain‐free days are favourable for high pollen catch. These weather conditions might be conducive for the high discharge, dispersal, and deposition of air‐borne pollen. Too low or too high temperature, very high wind speed, high humidity, and cloudy and rainy days hinder high pollen catch.
Abstract 398: Pharmacogenetic Therapeutic Enhancement of a Prespecified Composite Morbidity-Mortality Measurement in BEST
Authors: Brian D Lowes, Ronald Zolty, William T Abraham, Alastair D Robertson, Matthew R Taylor, Stephen B Liggett, Michael R Bristow
Journal: Circulation (2006)

In the Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial (BEST), there were 8 secondary endpoints (SEPs) in the FDA-negotiated bucindolol efficacy analysis plan (EAP). By regulatory agreement reached over ...
Statistics notes: Absence of evidence is not evidence of absence
Authors: D. G Altman, J M. Bland
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Randomized controlled clinical trials are conducted to determine whether differences of clinical importance exist between selected treatment regimens. When statistical analysis of the study data finds a P value greater than 5%, it is convention to deem the assessed difference nonsignificant. Just because convention dictates that such study findings be termed nonsignificant, or negative, however, it does not necessarily follow that the study found nothing of clinical importance. Subject samples used in controlled trials tend to be too small. The studies therefore lack the necessary power to detect real, and clinically worthwhile, differences in treatment. Freiman et al. found that only 30% of a sample of 71 trials published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1978-79 with a P value greater than 10% were large enough to have a 90% chance of detecting even a 50% difference in the effectiveness of the treatments being compared, and they found no improvement in a similar sample of trials published in 1988. It is therefore wrong and unwise to interpret so many negative trials as providing evidence of the ineffectiveness of new treatments. One must instead seriously question whether the absence of evidence is a valid justification for inaction. Efforts must be made to look for quantification of an association rather than just a P value, especially when the risks under investigation are small. The authors cite a recent trial comparing octreotide and sclerotherapy in patients with variceal bleeding, as well as the overview of clinical trials evaluating fibrinolytic treatment for preventing reinfarction after acute myocardial infarction as examples.
Abstract P440: Physical Activity Participation Increase in the Latina Population Using Evaluative Conditioning with Hypertrophy Training
Authors: Lorena Martin, Andrew W Perkins, Joseph F Signorile, Barbara E Kahn, Arlette C Perry, Soyeon Ahn
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Purpose: Epidemiological data show that physical activity participation is lowest in minority women, particularly in Latinas. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of hypertrophy (HT) and power training (PT) used concomitantly with evaluative (EC) or neutral conditioning (NC) on exercise adherence, lean body mass, and psychosocial variables in Latina women. EC is a behavioral method using paired stimuli to develop and strengthen associations in memory. Methods: 142 Latina women (mean ± SD, age 36.8±15.9 yrs.) were randomly assigned to HT or PT and then further stratified into EC or NC. Results: There was a significant training x conditioning interaction for exercise adherence (Fig. 1). For HT, the EC group demonstrated a significantly longer time spent training than the NC group, ( F 1, 184 = 11.874, P &lt; 0.001,η p 2 = .061). For PT, there was no significant difference between EC and NC groups in time spent training. Additionally, a significant time x condition interaction was found for lean body mass, ( F 1, 76 = 5.138, P &lt; 0.05,η p 2 = .063). A significant time x condition interaction was also observed for exercise self-efficacy ( p &lt;0.05). For the EC condition, exercise self-efficacy significantly increased from pretest to post-test, ( F 1, 52 = 6.536, P &lt; .05, η p 2 = .112). Conclusion: Both training modality and EC can impact exercise adherence in Latina women. Figure 1. Exercise adherence using hypertrophy and power training and evaluative or neutral conditioning. *Significantly greater than neutral conditioning during hypertrophy training, p &lt; 0.01. ** p &lt; 0.001.
1998 European guidelines on resuscitation
Authors: J. Nolan, C. Gwinnutt
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers pp 1863, 1870 

After a cardiac arrest the only interventions that have been proved to improve long term survival are basic life support and early defibrillation. They thus remain the focus of the most recent — and most internationally supported — set of guidelines on basic and advanced life support, published this week in the BMJ (pp 1863, 1870) 1 2 and Resuscitation . 3 4 The new guidelines contain changes which are a response to the educational needs and evolving technology of resuscitation rather than to any important changes in its science.

Collaboration between experts from several European countries resulted in publication of the first European Resuscitation Council guidelines in 1992. 5 6 In the same year the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation was formed (with representation from North America, Europe, Southern Africa, Australia, and Latin America) with the aim of providing a consensus mechanism by which international science relevant to emergency cardiac care could be identified and reviewed. The advisory statements published by the international liaison committee in 19977 were introduced immediately into the United Kingdom by the Resuscitation Council (UK). The …
Characterization and functional implications of the interaction between the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and beta-catenin
Authors: Patrick Fok, Francois Fagotto, Josephine Nalbantoglu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- Nov 4-8, 2007; Singapore

A66 

Cancer cells commonly lose expression of cell adhesion molecules, such as E-cadherin and CEACAM1, with disease progression. Re-introduction of these molecules into high-grade cell lines results in suppression of tumor growth and invasion. To elicit this change in malignant behavior, these adhesion molecules require an intact cytoplasmic domain. Invasion suppression necessitates interaction of the cytoplasmic tail with specific intracellular proteins; simple cell adhesion is not sufficient to abrogate invasion.    The Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus Receptor (CAR) is a recently identified cell adhesion molecule whose expression is downregulated in cancer progression. It is a 46-kDa transmembrane protein of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. It was initially identified as a receptor for the attachment of group B coxsackievirus and adenovirus. Recently, CAR has been shown to have an endogenous role in suppressing cancer cell growth and invasion in prostate and bladder cancer and gliomas. Our laboratory has shown that CAR behaves much like other cell adhesion molecules in a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) model: (1) Re-introduction into GBM cell lines reduces invasive potential. (2) An intact cytoplasmic domain is required for abrogation of invasion. We have searched for proteins which interact with its cytoplasmic domain. We have used proteomic analysis to identify proteins that bind to a GST-CAR fusion protein comprised of the cytoplasmic domain of CAR.    A potential candidate is beta-catenin. Beta-catenin had previously been shown to interact with CAR. We have verified this interaction with our own affinity pulldown assay. We have confirmed that CAR directly binds beta-catenin through direct binding assays and mapped the region of interaction on both proteins. We postulate that CAR-beta-catenin interaction may function by altering beta-catenin nuclear localization and subsequent downstream gene expression. Cell fractionation studies show that nuclear beta-catenin levels are altered in CAR-expressing U87 glioma cells (U87CAR) compared to control U87LNCX cells. Our data suggest that CAR may be affecting nuclear beta-catenin levels either through manipulation of its rate of nuclear export/import or through cytoplasmic sequestration. As beta-catenin is at the crossroads of cell adhesion, migration, and growth, this interaction provides a tangible mechanism for CAR’s anti-invasive and anti-tumorigenic properties.
AIDS Researchers Target Poor AdherenceWeaving Webs for PhysiciansScary Scenarios Spark Action at Bioterrorism SymposiumApplying the Evidence in AustraliaMISCELLANEA MEDICAAIDS Researchers Target Poor AdherenceWeaving Webs for PhysiciansScary Scenarios Spark Action at Bioterrorism SymposiumApplying the Evidence in AustraliaMISCELLANEA MEDICA
Authors: J Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

CHICAGO—Clinicians giving potent combinations of antiretroviral drugs to patients with HIV to suppress the virus are finding just how much the effectiveness of such regimens depends on strict adherence. Although there are many potential reasons—such as individual differences in drug absorption or metabolism—for the failure of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to keep a patient’s HIV in check, experts believe the chief reason is poor adherence to treatment regimens, whichcanpromote theemergenceofdrugresistant strains. New findings presented at the 6th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections last month in Chicago underscored the importance of strict adherence in maintaining “virologic success”—sustained suppression of HIV—and examined factors associated with poor adherence.
Professional Ethics and Primary Care Medicine: Beyond Dilemmas and Decorum.
Authors: Harmon L. Smith, Larry R. Churchill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

This volume moves beyond ethics as problem-solving or ethics as etiquette to offer a look at ethics in primary care-as opposed to life-or-death-medical care. Professional Ethics and Primary Care Medicine deals with the ethics of routine, day-to-day encounters between doctors and patients. It probes beneath the hard decisions to look at the moral frameworks, habits of thought, and customs of practice that underlie choices. Harmon Smith and Larry Churchill argue that primary care, far from being merely a setting for the rendering of care, provides a new understanding of both physician and patient, and thereby offers a fresh basis for medical ethics.
Sexual dysfunction in female hemodialysis patients: a multicenter study.
Authors: Yu-Sen Peng, Chih-Kang Chiang, Tze-Wah Kao, Kung-Yu Hung, Chia-Sheng Lu, Shou-Shang Chiang, Chwei-Shiun Yang, Yu-Chin Huang, Kwan-Dun Wu, Ming-Shiou Wu, Yih-Ron Lien, Chin-Ching Yang, Dong-Ming Tsai, Pei-Yuan Chen, Cheng-Shiung Liao, Tun-Jun Tsai, Wang-Yu Chen
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
Abstract P350: Prevalence of Metabolic Risk Factors and Acculturation in Latinos: Results From Nhanes 1999-2012
Authors: Sameed Ahmed M Khatana, Fátima Rodriguez, James B Meigs, Bianca C Porneala, Lenny López
Journal: Circulation (2015)

INTRODUCTION: Prior research has shown that Latinos have a higher burden of metabolic risk factors compared to other racial/ethnic groups especially among those with a higher degree of acculturation to the US. HYPOTHESIS: We hypothesize that patients with lower degrees of acculturation i.e. those that speak primarily Spanish and foreign born Latinos, are likely to have a lower prevalence of metabolic risk factors. METHODS: Self-identified Latinos in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2012 were included. Prevalence of metabolic risk factors was defined using self-reporting, medication use and the following: hypertension (blood pressure >140/90 mmHg), diabetes (Hemoglobin A1c ≥6.5% or fasting plasma glucose ≥125 mg/dl), hyperlipidemia (total cholesterol ≥ 200mg/dl), obesity (Body Mass index≥30). Acculturation was measured by language, nativity and years in the US. Participant age, gender, smoking history, health insurance status, education level and poverty-income rat...