tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE SCIENTIFIC ASPECTS OF MEDICAL HYPNOTISM, OR TREATMENT BY SUGGESTION.Read before the Chicago Medico-Legal Society, October 4, 1890.
Authors: M. H. LACKERSTEEN
Journal: JAMA (1890)

<i>Mr. President and Gentlemen:</i>— Of all the extensive additions made to modern therapeutics nothing seems to have attracted so much general attention as hypnotism. Of all modern remedial measures hypnotism has secured perhaps the most numerous, zealous, and competent investigators: and yet it is without doubt the least popular with the profession. Since the time when chloroform was first employed as a means of reducing the pain of childbirth, nothing has occurred in the history of medicine of so revolutionary a character as the use of hypnotism. Nothing has excited at once so much expectation, apprehension, horror, hope, credulity and skepticism as the voluminous writings of the savants who have pursued hypnotic researches during the last eight or ten years; and yet it is by no means a new invention or discovery. We are told that the practice of hypnotism dates far back into almost prehistoric times; and under various
Improved Nonoperative Diagnosis of the Solitary 'Cold' Thyroid Nodule
Authors: Manfred Blum
Journal: JAMA (1980)

We assessed the cancer-predictive value of a nonoperative, two-stage prospective selection of solitary, cold, solid thyroid nodules that can be employed by the primary clinician. One hundred eighteen patients completed the protocol, all without adverse effect. The first stage identified for direct surgery 30 patients with a history of exposure to irradiation during youth, age under 20 years, recent growth of a hard nodule or lymphadenopathy, revealing 15 cancers and ten adenomas. In the second stage, the remaining 83 patients were given liothyronine for three months. Twenty-six nodules were excised because they failed to shrink 50% in diameter, disclosing five cancers and 19 adenomas. There were no cancers among 14 nodules excised for other reasons. Selection for surgery on the basis of clinical evaluation and risk factors alone can identify most of the cancers and lack of response to suppression a few more. (<i>JAMA</i>243:242-245, 1980)
The prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia in Korean men and women
Authors: J-H. Paik, J-B. Yoon, W-Y. Sim, B-S. Kim, N-I. Kim
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

There are racial differences in the prevalence and types of androgenetic alopecia (AGA). There have been several reports on the prevalence and types of AGA in the general population of caucasians, but few studies on Koreans with samples of sufficient numbers have been reported.To obtain a more precise estimate of the prevalence and types of AGA in Korean men and women and to compare the results with those in caucasians.The prevalence and types of AGA were analysed in 10,132 Koreans (5531 men and 4601 women) who had visited the Health Examination Centre at Kyung Hee University Hospital for regular health examinations between December 1997 and July 1999. To classify the degree of hair loss for each subject, the Norwood classification was used in men and the Ludwig classification in women. For AGA in men, 'female pattern' was added to the Norwood classification.In Korean men, the prevalence of AGA (Norwood III or above) at all ages was 14.1%. It increased steadily with advancing age, but was lower than that of caucasians: 2.3% in the third decade, 4.0% in the fourth decade, 10.8% in the fifth decade, 24.5% in the sixth decade, 34.3% in the seventh decade and 46.9% over 70 years. Type III vertex involvement was the most common type in the third decade to the seventh decade; over 70 years, type VI was most common. A 'female pattern' was observed in 11.1% of cases. In Korean women, the prevalence of AGA (Ludwig I or above) at all ages was 5.6%. It also increased steadily with advancing age: 0.2% in the third decade, 2.3% in the fourth decade, 3.8% in the fifth decade, 7.4% in the sixth decade, 11.7% in the seventh decade and 24.7% over 70 years. Grade I was the most common type up to the sixth decade; over 60 years, grade I and II were similar in prevalence. Grade III (total baldness) was not observed. A family history of baldness was present in 48.5% of men and 45.2% of women with AGA.The prevalence of AGA in Korean men and women was lower than that in caucasians, as recorded in the literature. Korean men tend to have more frontal hairline preservation and show a more 'female pattern' of hair thinning than caucasians. Therefore, 'female pattern' should be added to the classification of AGA.
Polymer-conjugated bovine pancreatic and seminal ribonucleases inhibit growth of human tumors in nude mice
Authors: P PouC̆ková, M Zadinová, D Hloušková, J Strohalm, D Plocová, M Špunda, T Olejár, M Zitko, J Matoušek, K Ulbrich, J Souček
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2004)
The intersection of risk assessment and neurobehavioral toxicity.
Authors: B Weiss, J Elsner
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Neurobehavioral toxicology is now established as a core discipline of the environmental health sciences. Despite its recognized scientific prowess, stemming from its deep roots in psychology and neuroscience and its acknowledged successes, it faces additional demands and challenges. The latter, in fact, are a product of its achievements because success at one level leads to new and higher expectations. Now the discipline is counted upon to provide more definitive and extensive risk assessments than in the past. These new demands are the basis for the appraisals presented in the SGOMSEC 11 workshop. They extend beyond what would be offered in a primer of methodology. Instead, these appraisals are framed as issues into which what are usually construed as methodologies have been embedded.
Ly49E-dependent inhibition of natural killer cells by urokinase plasminogen activator
Authors: Tina Van Den Broeck, Frederik Stevenaert, Sylvie Taveirne, Veronique Debacker, Christel Vangestel, Bart Vandekerckhove, Tom Taghon, Patrick Matthys, Jean Plum, Werner Held, Mieke Dewerchin, Wayne M. Yokoyama, Georges Leclercq
Journal: Blood (2008)
An Evaluation of Treatment of Hypertension Associated with Occlusive Renal Arterial Disease
Authors: HARRIET P. DUSTAN, IRVINE H. PAGE, EUGENE F. POUTASSE, LEIGH WILSON
Journal: Circulation (1963)

Of 131 patients with hypertension and renal arterial stenosis, 99 were treated either by nephrectomy or revascularization operations and 32 were treated medically. Anti-hypertensive effects of surgical treatment were analyzed in 76 patients in whom operations had been performed 1 to 6 years before. Of the remaining 23, 10 died in the immediate postoperative period; in 11, operative treatment was incomplete at the time of review; and, in 2, who did not have sustained diastolic hypertension, operation was performed only to conserve renal function. Diastolic hypertension remitted in 47 patients (62 per cent); in 12 (16 per cent) arterial pressure was much reduced but not to normal levels, and in 17 (22 per cent) it was unchanged. The antihypertensive effects of surgical treatment could not be predicted preoperatively. In general, patients less than 21 years of age did not respond with as much blood pressure reduction as did those older, and patients hypertensive for longer than 5 years responded less well than those hypertensive for less than 1 year. Results of function tests of individual kidneys were not helpful in prediction. Surgical treatment seemed contraindicated in 32 patients because of diffuse atherosclerosis, azotemia from severe nephrosclerosis, unsustained diastolic hypertension or because lesions had not caused disparity in function of the two kidneys. In three of these patients diastolic hypertension remitted spontaneously and in 11 arterial pressure was controlled at near normal levels with antihypertensive drugs. Eighteen patients have persistent diastolic hypertension; 13 of these have been inadequately treated with drugs. In the group treated surgically, there were 10 immediate postoperative deaths, seven of which were due to atherosclerotic complications. Twelve patients died later, and 11 deaths were due to atherosclerosis. Most of the patients who died had no blood pressure reduction following operation. Ten of the medically treated group have died of atherosclerosis. The mortality was 50 per cent in the patients with ineffective treatment and poor blood pressure control and only 7 per cent in those with good blood pressure control.
Molecular pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Gianluca Gaidano, Robin Foà, Riccardo Dalla-Favera
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in adults. Here, we highlight important genetic alterations that contribute to tumorigenesis, clinical progression, and chemorefractoriness of CLL. All CLLs share a common gene expression profile that suggests derivation from antigen-experienced B cells, a model supported by frequent B cell receptor repertoire skewing and stereotypy. Many CLL patients carry mutated immuno-globulin heavy-chain variable genes, while approximately 35% harbor unmutated IgV genes, which are associated with an inferior outcome. Deletion of chromosome 13q14, which is the most common genetic mutation at diagnosis, is considered an initiating lesion that frequently results in disruption of the tumor suppressor locus DLEU2/MIR15A/MIR16A. Next-generation sequencing has revealed additional recurrent genetic lesions that are implicated in CLL pathogenesis. These advancements in the molecular genetics of CLL have important implications for stratifying treatment based on molecular prognosticators and for targeted therapy.
LONG-TERM THIENOPYRIDINE THERAPY AND OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH ACS TREATED WITH CORONARY STENTING: THE PRIMARY RESULTS OF THE TIMI-38 CORONARY STENT REGISTRY
Authors: Marc P. Bonaca, Eugene Braunwald, Sabina A. Murphy, Debra Miller, JP R. Herrman, Shmuel Gottlieb, Alberto Menozzi, Carolyn H. McCabe, Elliot M. Antman, Stephen W. Wiviott
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Evolutionary Action Score of<i>TP53</i>Identifies High-Risk Mutations Associated with Decreased Survival and Increased Distant Metastases in Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: David M. Neskey, Abdullah A. Osman, Thomas J. Ow, Panagiotis Katsonis, Thomas McDonald, Stephanie C. Hicks, Teng-Kuei Hsu, Curtis R. Pickering, Alexandra Ward, Ameeta Patel, John S. Yordy, Heath D. Skinner, Uma Giri, Daisuke Sano, Michael D. Story, Beth M. Beadle, Adel K. El-Naggar, Merrill S. Kies, William N. William, Carlos Caulin, Mitchell Frederick, Marek Kimmel, Jeffrey N. Myers, Olivier Lichtarge
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

TP53 is the most frequently altered gene in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, with mutations occurring in over two-thirds of cases, but the prognostic significance of these mutations remains elusive. In the current study, we evaluated a novel computational approach termed evolutionary action (EAp53) to stratify patients with tumors harboring TP53 mutations as high or low risk, and validated this system in both in vivo and in vitro models. Patients with high-risk TP53 mutations had the poorest survival outcomes and the shortest time to the development of distant metastases. Tumor cells expressing high-risk TP53 mutations were more invasive and tumorigenic and they exhibited a higher incidence of lung metastases. We also documented an association between the presence of high-risk mutations and decreased expression of TP53 target genes, highlighting key cellular pathways that are likely to be dysregulated by this subset of p53 mutations that confer particularly aggressive tumor behavior. Overall, our work validated EAp53 as a novel computational tool that may be useful in clinical prognosis of tumors harboring p53 mutations.
Abstract MS01-2: Artificial receptors and the cellular therapy of breast cancer
Authors: MK Brenner
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract It is clear that targeting therapy to the specific molecular lesions of breast cancer affords the best opportunity to obtain effective treatment without adverse effects on normal tissues. The immune system remains one of the most effective targeting systems known, and tumor-directed monoclonal antibodies have already shown significant success in treating this and other malignant disorders. Cellular therapies based on T lymphocytes, by contrast, have not yet made an equivalent impact, even though T cell-based immune responses to tumor have many unique characteristics that should make them highly effective. In this presentation I will discuss one historic success story for cellular immunotherapy -the treatment of EBV-associated lymphoid and epithelial malignancies by tumor specific T cells -and show how the lessons learned from analyzing the mechanisms underlying this success can be implemented to treat other solid tumors including breast cancer Four components are required for effective activity;-. 1) The infused T cells must target strong and unique antigens, presented with ample accessory signals and co-stimulation; 2) The T cells should contain a polyclonal and multispecific memory population directed to tumor; 3) The T cells must be able to overcome potent immune escape mechanisms 4) The environment should favor (homeostatic) lymphoid expansion. We and others are developing a systematic approach to meet these requirements by introducing novel artificial receptors (Chimeric Antigen Receptors – CARs) and other cell engineering components into T lymphocytes. As an increasing level of success becomes documented in hematological malignancy and solid tumors, we can be hopeful that these therapies will become part of the standard of care for breast cancer as well. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr MS01-2.
Dr. Rochester and the Vermiform Appendix: 1855–1867
Authors: James D. MacCallum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

AT the November, 1855, meeting of the Buffalo. Medical Association, the main paper was a spirited defense of phlebotomy in pneumonia, which had been attacked as harmful by Austin Flint on a previous evening. A more modern note was struck by Dr. Thomas F. Rochester, Dr. Flint's assistant, who presented some pathological specimens. Dr. Rochester said that members would remember that he had exhibited at a previous meeting, two specimens of perforation of the intestine at the appendix vermiformis. In one of these cases, perforation had occurred from impacted lecal matter; in the second, it was consecutive to peritonitis, the . . .
Community Hospital Transfers to a VA Medical Center
Authors: Harry D. Kerr
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We prospectively studied all transfers from community hospitals to the Zablocki Veterans Administration Medical Center in Milwaukee (Wis) between May 28, 1986, and January 1, 1987. Transfers totaled 4.7% (311/6609) of acute-care admissions during the study period but accounted for 19.1% (39/204) of in-hospital deaths. The mortality rate for transferred patients who required Veterans Administration hospitalization was 12.5% (39/311) compared with 2.6% (165/6298) for all other admissions. At the time of transfer 59 patients (19%) were judged unstable by a modification of the APACHE II classification system, yet only 19 patients were cared for en route by a physician or a nurse. In addition to higher mortality, the transferred patients had a longer median length of stay than nontransferred patients (11 days vs 7 days).
Do Primary Care Physicians Have Particular Difficulty Identifying Late-Life Depression? A Meta-Analysis Stratified by Age
Authors: Alex J. Mitchell, Sanjay Rao, Amol Vaze
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

There is long-standing concern regarding poor recognition of depression in primary care, especially in older people.Studies that examined the unassisted (clinical) ability of general practitioners (GPs; primary care physicians) to identify depression were divided into those of older adults, younger adults and mixed populations. Data were extracted by 3 reviewers independently and pooled using a Bayesian meta-analysis.We identified 31 valid studies that examined both sensitivity and specificity (or rule-in and rule-out accuracy), involving 52,513 individuals. Twelve studies recruited older individuals, 12 recruited younger adults and 7 recruited both younger and older adults (mixed populations). In the most robust studies the point prevalence of depression in late life was 13.2% (95% CI = 7.9-19.6). GPs were able to correctly identify 47.3% of the late-life depressions and 78.6% of the non-cases (71.0% overall accuracy). In younger adults GPs were able to identify 39.7% of the mid-life depressions and 85.1% of the non-depressed (77.8% overall accuracy). In mixed aged groups GPs we able to correctly identify 46.6% of the depressed individuals and 86.2% of the non-depressed (79.6% overall accuracy). The overall fraction correctly identified was significantly lower in older compared with younger adults. Correcting for differences in prevalence showed a statistically lower rule-in performance for older compared with younger adults. There was no difference in ability to identify non-depressed (healthy) individuals by age.In clinical practice GPs appear to be less successful in identifying depression in older people than in younger adults, however there have been few head-to-head studies stratified by age from one centre.
Long-Term Vasodilator Therapy in Aortic Insufficiency
Authors: BARRY H. GREENBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Although the beneficial effects of acute therapy with arteriolar dilators in aortic insufficiency have been shown, the results of long-term therapy are uncertain. The administration of oral hydralazine, 125 mg twice a day, to a 54-year-old woman with chronic severe aortic insufficiency resulted in sustained relief of heart failure symptoms. Repeat catheterization after 14 months showed hemodynamic improvement, substantial reduction in left ventricular chamber size and muscle mass, and recovery of systolic pump function. Chronic therapy with arteriolar dilators may be a useful alternative to valve replacement in selected patients with aortic insufficiency.
A COMPARISON OF Tc-99m OXIDRONATE (HDP) AND Tc-99m MEDRONATE (MDP) FOR THE DETECTION OF SKELETAL METASTASES
Authors: R. J. Cowan, H. M. Chilton, J. D. Ball, N. E. Watson, H. B. Muss, B. F. Van Duzee, J. A. Schaefer
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Cowan, R. J.; Chilton, H. M.; Ball, J. D.; Watson, N. E. Jr.; Muss, H. B.; Van Duzee, B. F.; Schaefer, J. A. Author Information
A broader view of animal research
Authors: Timothy I Musch, Robert G Carroll, Armin Just, Pascale H Lane, William T Talman
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> Clinical outcomes after endovascular treatment for acute basilar artery occlusions need further investigation. Our aim was to analyze predictors of a 90-day good functional outcome defined as mRS 0–2 after endovascular treatment in MR imaging–selected patients with acute basilar artery occlusions. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> We analyzed consecutive MR imaging–selected patients with acute basilar artery occlusions endovascularly treated within the first 24 hours after symptom onset. Successful and complete reperfusion was defined as modified TICI scores 2b–3 and 3, respectively. Outcome at 90 days was analyzed in univariate and multivariate analysis regarding baseline patient treatment characteristics and periprocedural outcomes. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> One hundred ten patients were included. In 10 patients, endovascular treatment was aborted for failed proximal/distal access. Overall, successful reperfusion was achieved in 81.8% of cases (<i>n</i> = 90; 95% CI, 73.3%–88.6%). At 90 days, favorable outcome was 31.8%, with a mortality rate of 40.9%; the prevalence of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 24 hours was 2.7%. The median time from symptom onset to groin puncture was 410 minutes (interquartile range, 280–540 minutes). In multivariable analysis, complete reperfusion (OR = 6.59; 95% CI, 2.17–20.03), lower pretreatment NIHSS (OR = 0.77; 95% CI, 0.64–0.94), the presence of posterior communicating artery collateral flow (OR = 2.87; 95% CI, 1.05–7.84), the absence of atrial fibrillation (OR = 0.18; 95% CI, 0.03–0.99), and intravenous thrombolysis administration (OR = 2.75; 95% CI, 1.04–7.04) were associated with 90-day favorable outcome. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> In our series of MR imaging–selected patients with acute basilar artery occlusions, complete reperfusion was the strongest predictor of a good outcome. Lower pretreatment NIHSS, the presence of posterior communicating artery collateral flow, the absence of atrial fibrillation, and intravenous thrombolysis administration were associated with favorable outcome.
Coal Smoke and Cigarette Smoke
Authors: Richard V. Ebert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Air pollution from coal smoke brings to mind the grimy cities of the 19th century and the evils accompanying the industrial revolution. It was natural to assume that the polluted air was responsible for many instances of pulmonary disease and that the removal of coal smoke would greatly improve the health of the residents of cities with a heavy burden of air pollution. A remarkable reduction in air pollution from coal smoke has occurred in the past few decades. This improvement was related partly to the substitution of natural gas and oil for coal, and partly to government regulations limiting . . .
Clinicopathological features and outcome of late relapses of natural killer cell lymphomas 10–29 years after initial remission
Authors: Wing‐Yan Au, Seok‐Jin Kim, Harry H.Y. Yiu, Roger K.C. Ngan, Florence Loong, Won‐Seog Kim, Yok‐Lam Kwong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Natural killer (NK)-cell lymphomas are aggressive and relapses occur early.Late relapses are exceptional.Ten relapses 17.5 (11-29) years after first complete remission (CR1) were analyzed.Initial diseases were stage-I (nasal, n 5 8; tonsil, n 5 1; ileum, n 5 1), treated with radiotherapy (n 5 6), combined radiotherapy/chemotherapy (n 5 3), and chemotherapy (n 5 1).Relapse occurred at the same (nasal, n 5 6; tonsil, n 5 1), adjacent (initial: nasal, relapse: palate; n 5 1) or distant (n 5 2) sites.Five patients died soon afterwards.Four patients remitted with chemotherapy, two remaining in CR2 (3, 14 years).This series documented the rare late relapses in NK-cell lymphomas, which may still respond to salvage therapy.