tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nail Growth, Calcium, and Vitamin D
Authors: David B. Hogan, Susan Mcnair, Jocelyn Young, Richard G. Crilly
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1984Nail Growth, Calcium, and Vitamin DDAVID B. HOGAN, M.D., SUSAN MCNAIR, B.A., JOCELYN YOUNG, B.A., RICHARD G. CRILLY, M.D.DAVID B. HOGAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SUSAN MCNAIR, B.A.Search for more papers by this author, JOCELYN YOUNG, B.A.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD G. CRILLY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-2-283_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: For many years, the rate of nail growth has been of interest to persons as different as William Osler and, possibly, Samuel Johnson (1). In humans, nail growth is known to slow with increasing age (1, 2), and other physiologic or pathologic processes have been stated to either slow (acute infections, immobilization, ischemia) or speed (psoriasis, hyperemia, warm environment, nail biting, pregnancy) nail growth (1). An area of personal interest is the relationship of metabolic bone disease and nail growth.Empirically, we have noted that postmenopausal women being treated with calcium for osteoporosis claim that their nails...References1. BEAN W. Nail growth-thirty-five years of observation. Arch Intern Med. 1980;140:73-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ORENTRICH N and SHARP N. Keratin replacement as an aging parameter. J Soc Cosmet Chem. 1967;18:537-47. Google Scholar3. DETERS M, DAVIS P, and BIRGE S. Assessment of vitamin D status and bone density by fingernail thickness. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1984;32(suppl):21. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DAVID B. HOGAN, M.D.; SUSAN MCNAIR, B.A.; JOCELYN YOUNG, B.A.; RICHARD G. CRILLY, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBiotin: overview of the treatment of diseases of cutaneous appendages and of hyperseborrheaNail Reactions to Antibiotics, Antimalarials, and Other MedicationsNail Growth Evaluation and Factors Affecting Nail GrowthNail Growth Evaluation and Factors Affecting Nail GrowthNail abnormalities associated with systemic pathologiesModulation of linear nail growth to treat diseases of the nailFingernail Creatinine as a Predictor of Prior Renal Function 1 August 1984Volume 101, Issue 2Page: 283-283KeywordsBoneCalciumIschemiaMetabolic disordersOsteoporosisPregnancyPsoriasisVitamin D ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced apoptosis in cardiac myocytes. Involvement of the sphingolipid signaling cascade in cardiac cell death.
Authors: K A Krown, M T Page, C Nguyen, D Zechner, V Gutierrez, K L Comstock, C C Glembotski, P J Quintana, R A Sabbadini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

In the present study, it was shown that physiologically relevant levels of the proinflammatory cytokine TNFalpha induced apoptosis in rat cardiomyocytes in vitro, as quantified by single cell microgel electrophoresis of nuclei ("cardiac comets") as well as by morphological and biochemical criteria. It was also shown that TNFalpha stimulated production of the endogenous second messenger, sphingosine, suggesting sphingolipid involvement in TNFalpha-mediated cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Consistent with this hypothesis, sphingosine strongly induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The ability of the appropriate stimulus to drive cardiomyocytes into apoptosis indicated that these cells were primed for apoptosis and were susceptible to clinically relevant apoptotic triggers, such as TNFalpha. These findings suggest that the elevated TNFalpha levels seen in a variety of clinical conditions, including sepsis and ischemic myocardial disorders, may contribute to TNFalpha-induced cardiac cell death. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is also discussed in terms of its potential beneficial role in limiting the area of cardiac cell involvement as a consequence of myocardial infarction, viral infection, and primary cardiac tumors.
Polish Physicians under Martial Law
Authors: Stefan Niewiarowski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

IN a Special Report on his recent trip to Poland, Webster discussed a number of important public-health problems.1 However, he did not discuss the effect of the state of war in Poland on the health of the population or the complex moral and political issues faced by Polish physicians under these conditions.A few hours after the declaration of a state of war in Poland, all telephones ceased to function. There is reliable evidence that many central telephone switch-boards were not disconnected by competent technicians but systematically vandalized and destroyed by ZOMO (the Polish riot police). It took almost two . . .
“Short” double balloon enteroscope for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography with conventional sphincterotomy and metallic stent placement after Billroth II gastrectomy
Authors: M. Shimatani, M. Matsushita, M. Takaoka, T. Kusuda, N. Fukata, M. Koyabu, K. Uchida, K. Okazaki
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with Billroth II gastrectomy, identifying the afferent loop, access to the papilla, and cannulation in the inverted papilla are difficult [1]. With the advent of the double balloon technique, ERCP in such patients can be performed [1], but conventional accessories cannot be used because of short accessory lengths [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. We carried out double balloon enteroscopy for ERCP (DB-ERCP) with a “short” enteroscope in a patient with Billroth II gastrectomy, and successfully performed ERCP with conventional sphincterotomy and metallic stent placement.
PillCam colon capsule endoscopy compared with colonoscopy for colorectal tumor diagnosis: a prospective pilot study
Authors: N. Schoofs, J. Devière, A. Van Gossum
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and aims: Colonoscopy is regarded as the gold standard for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. PillCam capsule endoscopy could be an alternative approach for screening large populations. We report a pilot evaluation in humans of the safety, feasibility, and performance of colon capsule endoscopy compared with colonoscopy. Patients and methods: Patients included in this single-center comparative study had presented for screening colonoscopy or there was suspicion of polyps or CRC. The capsule was ingested in the morning. After excretion, colonoscopy was performed. Significant findings were defined either as polyps > 6 mm, or three or more polyps of any size. Colonoscopy and colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) review were performed by independent physicians. Results: 41 patients (26 women), mean age 56 years (range 26 - 75) were included, and all had complete colonoscopies. Four patients were excluded due to technical problems and one could not swallow the capsule; thus, 36 patients were considered in the analysis. In six the capsule had not been expelled at 10 hours and was retrieved endoscopically. CCE identified 19 of the 25 patients (76 %) with positive findings and 10 of the 13 (77 %) with significant lesions detected by colonoscopy. CCE detected seven lesions not seen at colonoscopy and two tumors were detected by both examinations. Overall sensitivity of CCE to detect significant lesions was 77 %, specificity was 70 %, positive predictive value was 59 %, and negative predictive value was 84 %. No adverse events occurred. Conclusion: CCE showed promising accuracy compared with colonoscopy. This new noninvasive technique deserves further evaluation as a potential CRC screening tool.
AMNESTIC-CONFABULATORY SYNDROME (KORSAKOFF PSYCHOSIS) FOLLOWING HEAD INJURY
Authors: ARNOLD P. FRIEDMAN, CHARLES BRENNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

1. Of a total of 430 patients with head injury, 40 had prolonged confusion following the injury, and of these 9 showed amnestic-confabulatory syndrome during their hospital stay. None of the 9 showed evidence of polyneuritis. 2. All 9 patients were males and 5 (55 percent) were chronic alcoholics prior to injury. This is in contrast with the 21 percent incidence of alcoholism in the group as a whole. In addition 2 others were steady but "moderate" drinkers and there was some suspicion of alcoholism in the 2 remaining. One of these received large amounts of paraldehyde in the 3½ months after injury prior to the development of an amnestic-confabulatory syndrome. 3. All 9 patients recovered. The duration of the amnestic-confabulatory syndrome varied from 2 to 44 days (average 11 days). This is in striking contrast to the grave prognosis in patients with amnestic-confabulatory syndrome with polyneuritis. 4. As a group the patients who developed amnestic-confabulatory syndrome suffered relatively severe injuries to cranial contents as judged by presence of abnormal neurological signs, presence of blood in the cerebrospinal fluid, and duration of permanent post-traumatic amnesia. However, many other patients with equally severe injuries failed to develop the amnestic-confabulatory syndrome. 5. There was no clear relationship between duration of amnestic-confabulatory syndrome and the maximum cerebrospinal fluid pressure as determined by lumbar puncture, or the presence of extensor plantar responses. The 2 patients without blood in their cerebrospinal fluid had the briefest duration of amnestic-confabulatory syndrome (2-5 days).
Primary Care as Part of US Health Services Reform
Authors: Barbara Starfield
Journal: JAMA (1993)

RECENT history reflects a myriad of problems with the US health service system. In the 1960s, physician manpower shortages received the most attention from policymakers. When efforts to increase the number of physicians succeeded, maldistribution was recognized as a problem. In the 1970s, rapid increases in costs attracted attention and led to the development of several regulatory mechanisms, including the diagnosis related groups, to reduce expenditures associated with hospitalization. In the 1980s, observations of variations in physician practice patterns without concomitant variations in outcomes of care led to a realization that much of medical care lacked benefit, and the movement toward quality control and total quality improvement assumed prominence. In the 1990s, compromised access resulting from the absence of universal health insurance and excessive costs consequent to unnecessary care share the stage in the policy drama. See also p 3156. The poor development of primary care within the US health
OC-135 Liver resection for colorectal metastases: is there variation in referral practice between colorectal MDTS in a cancer network? A prospective study
Authors: A Young, R Adair, A Culverwell, E Morris, A Guthrie, I Botterill, G Toogood, P Lodge, R Prasad
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Half of all patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) develop liver metastases (LM). Liver resection offers the greatest survival benefit in suitable patients with 5- and 10-year survival rates of 30%–58% and 25% respectively. There remains great variability in access to liver resection in the UK. We sought to investigate this within a cancer network known to already have a high rate of resection of CRCLM. <h3>Methods</h3> A prospective study of all patients presenting with new CRCLM in a cancer network was undertaken over a 12-month period. A study proforma was approved by the network to assess management decisions for all patients with CRCLM discussed at the seven CRC multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings. Data were retrospectively collected on patients with CRCLM who did not have the proforma completed. Outcomes for all patients referred to the tertiary liver MDT were recorded and collated. Subsequently radiology of patients deemed inoperable at the CRC MDTs was reviewed by the liver MDT. <h3>Results</h3> In total 631 patients with new CRCLM were assessed at CRC MDT meetings. Study forms were completed for 241 (38%). 66% had synchronous disease and 42% unilobar disease. In all, 27% of patients were referred to the liver MDT for consideration of resection while 17% were deemed unfit, 2% refused referral, 17% gave no reason and 64% were thought inoperable. In the liver MDT, 142 new patients were discussed from this network. 74% of patients reviewed were deemed suitable for further curative treatment; 52% resected and 22% neoadjuvant chemotherapy with a view to resection with a further 1% receiving ablation. Radiology for the patients considered fit but inoperable at CRC MDTs was retrospectively reviewed by a hepatobiliary radiologist and Liver surgeon and demonstrated a further 29% of patients were deemed operable and 15% of patients had equivocal imaging and warranted further investigation. Applied across the cancer network, this suggests that if all suitable patients were referred to the liver MDT, referral rates would increase by 142%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite increased resection rates for CRCLM in the last decade, this prospective study shows a significant number of patients with potentially resectable disease are still not assessed in a specialist MDT. Improved referral rates may improve resection rates and improve overall outcomes for CRC patients. Extrapolation of these figures across the UK suggests improvements in referral practice of patients with CRCLM without any change in resection practice or post-resection outcomes could increase the number of patients with CRC in the UK alive at 5 years by 5%. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
An abnormal nonhyperdiploid karyotype is a significant adverse prognostic factor for multiple myeloma in the bortezomib era
Authors: Daryl Tan, Gerrard Teoh, L.C. Lau, Alvin Lim, T.H. Lim, K.C. Yap, P. Premalatha1, Z.T. Lao, Nelson Wee, Christine Choo, H.C. Wee, S. Su, Y.S. Lee, L.H. Lee, William Hwang, Y.T. Goh
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Multiple myeloma is clinically heterogeneous and risk stratification is vital for prognostication and informing treatment decisions. As bortezomib is able to overcome several high-risk features of myeloma, the validity of conventional risk-stratification and prognostication systems needs to be reevaluated. We study the survival data of 261 previously untreated myeloma patients managed at our institution, where bortezomib became available from 2004 for the treatment of relapse disease. Patient and disease characteristics, and survival data were evaluated overall, and with respect to bortezomib exposure. Overall, the international staging system (ISS), metaphase karyotyping and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were discerning of survival outcomes, where the median for the entire cohort was 5.2 years. However, when stratified by bortezomib exposure, only metaphase karyotyping was still discriminating of long-term prognosis. The presence of an abnormal nonhyperdiploid karyotype overrides all other clinical and laboratory parameters in predicting for a worse outcome on multivariate analysis (median survival 2.6 years, P = 0.001), suggesting that bortezomib used at relapse is better able to overcome adverse risk related to high tumor burden (as measured by the ISS) than adverse cytogenetics on conventional karyotyping. Metaphase karyotyping provides additional prognostic information on tumor kinetics where the presence of a normal diploid karyotype in the absence of any high-risk FISH markers correlated with superior survival and could act as a surrogate for lower plasma cell proliferation.
Underrecognition of the Heterogeneous Clinical Spectrum of Bullous Pemphigoid
Authors: Michael Hertl, Thomas Schmidt
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Diet and basal cell skin cancer: results from the EPIC-Norfolk cohort
Authors: T.W. Davies, F.P. Treasure, A.A. Welch, N.E. Day
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Diet and basal cell skin cancer: results from the EPIC–Norfolk cohort Get access T.W. Davies, T.W. Davies East Anglian Cancer Intelligence Unit and T.W.Davies. E‐mail: twd10@medschl.cam.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.P. Treasure, F.P. Treasure East Anglian Cancer Intelligence Unit and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.A. Welch, A.A. Welch EPIC–Norfolk, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2SR, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.E. Day N.E. Day EPIC–Norfolk, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Institute of Public Health, Forvie Site, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 2SR, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 6, 1 June 2002, Pages 1017–1022, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04763.x Published: 01 June 2002 Article history Accepted: 12 December 2001 Published: 01 June 2002
Respiratory Disability in Coal Miners
Authors: Donald Elisburg
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I found much in the article "Respiratory Disability in Coal Miners" to be incomplete or misleading. Unfortunately, the study, made more than two years ago by Morgan et al, overlooks certain pertinent and important considerations that are essential to reaching valid conclusions. Moreover, the sample of cases reported by Morgan and co-workers may not be representative of the universe of black lung claimants. Any valid conclusions must be based on an understanding of the criteria for establishing entitlement for benefits under the Black Lung Benefits Reform Act of 1977. These criteria involve legal as well as medical considerations. The medical considerations defined by the Act include not only massive fibrosis but also chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). For purposes of the Act, Congress adopted the definition of pneumoconiosis (black lung) as a chronic dust disease of the lung and its sequelae, including respiratory and pulmonary impairments arising
An Endoscopic Procedure for Accurate Localisation of Intraluminal pH Electrodes
Authors: G. McLauchlan, N. M. M. Buchanan, G. P. Crean, K. E. L. McColl
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

An endoscopic procedure has been developed which permits the accurate fixation of pH electrodes to the mucosa of the upper gastrointestinal tract. The electrode is carried to the desired position tethered to the endoscope. A clip-fixing device is passed through the biopsy channel of the endoscope and the electrode is anchored to the mucosa with stainless steel clips. Repeat endoscopy in 20 patients has confirmed that the electrode remains firmly secured to the mucosa for at least 24 h. The electrode can be safely removed at any time by traction on its cable. This procedure should allow, for the first time, accurate 24 h ambulatory pH monitoring of specific regions of the upper gastrointestinal tract.
The ionic mechanism of reperfusion-induced early afterdepolarizations in feline left ventricular hypertrophy.
Authors: T Furukawa, A L Bassett, N Furukawa, S Kimura, R J Myerburg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) potentiates reperfusion-associated ventricular fibrillation. To study the mechanism responsible, patch-clamp techniques were used to evaluate transmembrane ionic currents during "reperfusion" after a CN(-)-induced metabolic surrogate for ischemia in isolated myocytes from a feline model of experimental LVH. Reperfusion caused the generation of early afterdepolarizations (EADs) from an average take-off potential of -33 mV in LVH cells but not in cells from normal hearts. 10 min after initiating reperfusion of normal cells, action potential duration (APD) at 50% repolarization (APD50) lengthened from 198 +/- 41 to 233 +/- 57 ms whereas in LVH cells APD50 lengthened from 262 +/- 84 to 349 +/- 131 ms (P < 0.05). Among the LVH cells, APD50 lengthening was significantly greater in the cells that had developed EADs. During reperfusion, steady state outward current in the voltage range of the action potential plateau (between -20 and +20 mV) was reduced from the control values in LVH cells but not in normal cells. Reperfusion-related reduction of steady state outward current in LVH cells was abolished under experimental conditions in which L-type Ca2+ current was isolated from other classes of currents whereas it was still observed under the condition in which pure K+ currents could be recorded. Thus, reduction of steady state outward current due to the reduction of outward K+ current over the action potential plateau voltage range appears to be responsible for an excessive prolongation of APD, leading to the development of EADs.
Quantitative Assessment of Intrinsic Regional Myocardial Deformation by Doppler Strain Rate Echocardiography in Humans
Authors: Thor Edvardsen, Bernhard L. Gerber, Jérôme Garot, David A. Bluemke, João A.C. Lima, Otto A. Smiseth
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Tissue Doppler echocardiography-derived strain rate and strain measurements (SDE) are new quantitative indices of intrinsic cardiac deformation. The aim of this study was to validate and compare these new indices of regional cardiac function to measurements of 3-dimensional myocardial strain by tagged MRI.The study population included 33 healthy volunteers, 17 patients with acute myocardial infarction, and 8 patients with suspected coronary artery disease who were studied during dobutamine stress echocardiography. Peak systolic myocardial velocities were measured by tissue Doppler echocardiography, peak systolic strain rates and strains by SDE, and strains by tagged MRI. In healthy individuals, longitudinal myocardial Doppler velocities decreased progressively from base to apex, whereas myocardial strain rates and strains were uniform in all segments. In patients with acute infarction, abnormal strains clearly identified dysfunctional areas. In infarcted regions, SDE showed 1.5+/-4.3% longitudinal stretching compared with -15.0+/-3.9% shortening in remote myocardium (P<0.001), and radial measurements showed -6.9+/-4.1% thinning and 14.3+/-5.0% thickening (P<0.001), respectively. During dobutamine infusion, longitudinal strains by SDE increased significantly from -13.5% to -23.8% (P<0.01) and radial strains increased from 13.1+/-3.1% to 29.3+/-11.5% (P<0.01). Comparisons between myocardial strains by SDE and tagged MRI in healthy individuals (n=11), in infarct patients (n=17), and during stress echo (n=4) showed excellent correlations (r=0.89 and r=0.96 for longitudinal and radial strains, respectively, P< 0.001).The present study demonstrates the ability of Doppler echocardiography to measure myocardial strains in a clinical setting. Myocardial strains by Doppler may represent a new powerful method for quantifying left ventricular function noninvasively in humans.