tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Foundation trusts fear that PCTs will renege on payments
Authors: Lynn Eaton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Many UK foundation hospitals are budgeting for a deficit, some of more than £1m (€1.5m; $1.9m), to cover costs that primary care trusts (PCTs) may not be willing to pay for, despite the services being provided under a legally binding contract.

That's one of the main messages to emerge from the latest report by Monitor, the government body set up to oversee the finances and governance of established foundation trusts— hospitals in the NHS but which have quasi-independent status and can make more decisions outside of central government control.

“It is a matter of serious concern to Monitor that NHS foundation trusts consider it necessary to make such provisions,” says Monitor …
Cardiac surgery audit raises concern over equity of access
Authors: R. Woodman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Concern over equity of access to cardiac surgery has been raised following the first comprehensive audit ever carried out in the United Kingdom by the Society of Cardiothoracic Surgeons. Data provided by nearly three quarters of units undertaking adult cardiac surgery show that the “urgent” operation rate varied from 10% to 60% between units.

Twenty per cent of patients undergoing surgery in some units were over 70 years old compared with only 10% in others. In one unit 30% of the patients had a good ejection fraction, in another, 80% Similarly, …
Associations between mortality and air pollution in central Europe.
Authors: A Peters, J Skorkovsky, F Kotesovec, J Brynda, C Spix, H E Wichmann, J Heinrich
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Increased mortality has been observed in association with elevated concentrations of air pollutants in European cities and in the United States. We reassessed the effects of particulate matter in Central Europe. Mortality and air pollution data were obtained for a highly polluted region of the Czech Republic and a rural region in Germany. Poisson regression analyses were conducted considering trend, season, meteorology, and influenza epidemics as confounders in both a parametric and a nonparametric approach. The Czech Republic had a 3.8% increase in mortality [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-6.9%] in association with 100 microg/m(3) total suspended particles (TSP) (lagged 2 days) for the time period 1982-1994. During the last 2 years of study, 68% of the TSP consisted of particulate matter [less than/equal to] 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)). An increase of 100 microg/m(3) TSP (lagged 1 day) was associated with a 9.5% increase in mortality (CI, 1.2-18.5%) and 100 microg/m(3) PM(10 )(lagged 1 day) showed a 9.8% increase in mortality (CI, 0.7-19.7%). We found no evidence for an association between mortality and particulate matter in the rural area in Germany at the Czech border. Data from the coal basin in the Czech Republic suggested an increase in mortality associated with the concentration of particulate matter in a highly polluted setting in Central Europe that is consistent with the associations observed in other western European cities and in the United States.
Infantile growth velocity and later asthma/wheeze: GENESIS and the Healthy Growth Study
Authors: G. V. Guibas, Y. Manios, G. Moschonis, P. Xepapadaki, E. Roumpedaki, C.-P. Lambrinou, N. G. Papadopoulos
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Rapid infantile growth velocity: positively associated with later wheeze/asthma in preschoolers not pre-adolescents http://ow.ly/sZ3Pr
Data-Based Risk Calculators Becoming More Sophisticated—and More Popular
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cognitive deficits and changes in gene expression of NMDA receptors after prenatal methylmercury exposure.
Authors: Mario Baraldi, Paola Zanoli, Fabio Tascedda, Joan M C Blom, Nicoletta Brunello
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Previous studies showed learning and memory deficit in adult rats that were prenatally exposed to methylmercury chloride (MMC) in an advanced stage of pregnancy (15 days). Under these conditions, the cognitive deficits found at 60 days of age paralleled particularly changes in the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor characteristics. In the present study, we report the behavioral effects of a single oral dose of MMC (8 mg/kg) administered earlier at gestational day 8. The use of different learning and memory tests (passive avoidance, object recognition, water maze) showed a general cognitive impairment in the in utero-exposed rats tested at 60 days of age compared with matched controls. Considering the importance of the glutamatergic receptor system and its endogenous ligands in learning and memory process regulation, we surmised that MMC could affect the gene expression of NMDA receptor subtypes. The use of a sensitive RNase protection assay allowed the evaluation of gene expression of two families of NMDA receptors (NR-1 and NR-2 subtypes). The result obtained in 60-day-old rats prenatally exposed to MMC, showed increased mRNA levels of the NR-2B subunit in the hippocampus but not in the frontal cortex. The data suggest that the behavioral abnormalities of MMC-exposed rats might be ascribed to a neurotoxic effect of the metal that alters the gene expression of a specific NMDA receptor subunit in the hippocampus.
Immunologic aberrations in asbestos cement workers: dissociation from asbestosis
Authors: R.D. deShazo, D.J. Hendrick, J.E. Diem, J.A. Nordberg, Y. Baser, D. Bevier, R.N. Jones, H.W. Barkman, J.E. Salvaggio, H. Weill
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1983)
Pulmonary fibrosis associated with ANCA-positive vasculitides. Retrospective study of 12 cases and review of the literature
Authors: B Hervier, C Pagnoux, C Agard, J Haroche, Z Amoura, L Guillevin, M A Hamidou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation of the association between pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and systemic vasculitis related to antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA-V). Methods: 12 patients (three female, mean age 70.7 years) with ANCA-V associated with “idiopathic” PF were studied retrospectively. Results: ANCA-V and PF were diagnosed simultaneously in eight cases; PF occurred earlier in three cases and during ANCA-V follow-up in one. No patient had intra-alveolar haemorrhage (IAH). ANCA were myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA in all cases. Seven patients had blood eosinophilia at diagnosis. Two patients died during ANCA-V induction therapy. The respiratory status of five patients worsened and three of them died from exacerbation of end-stage respiratory failure. The five remaining patients had a stable respiratory status. Conclusion: The association of PF and ANCA-V does not seem to be fortuitous, even though their clinical evolutions are clearly not related. PF was the major cause of death.
Does Self-medication Predict the Persistence or Rather the Recurrence of Alcohol Dependence?
Authors: Lynn Boschloo, Wim van den Brink, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Fiona Melville Bennett
Authors: N. Edward
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant ophthalmologist Grampian Hospitals, formerly North East of Scotland Regional Hospital Board, 1961-83 (b 1923; q Edinburgh 1946; FRCS Ed), died from the complications of diabetes mellitus on 4 December 2001.

In the early 1950s she studied corneal grafting techniques in Lyon and for some years was the only surgeon in Scotland performing these procedures. Her surgical skills were further enhanced by visits to the university eye clinics in Moscow and Leningrad, and the famous clinic of Professor Vladimir Filatov at Odessa in the Ukraine. Fiona was a talented pianist and musician, and had considered a career in that field.
PMO-007 Is pre-assessment prior to colonoscopy useful?: Abstract PMO-007 Table 1
Authors: C Regan
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> In 2009, the National Patient Safety Agency issued a Rapid Response Report alerting healthcare providers to the potential risk of harm from using oral bowel cleansing agents (OBCA). Our Trust decided the most robust method of protecting patients was for nurses to see patients in clinic to fully pre-assess them. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective data were collected from the pre-assessment records. The information was then collated and tabulated. The time period covered is from July to the end of December 2011. <h3>Results</h3> <h3>Conclusion</h3> During the time period under review 507 patients were pre-assessed. 6.31% had an abnormal eGFR or urea and electrolytes (u &amp; e). 5.33% required further OBCA to be prescribed. 6.31% needed to come in for their bowel preparation. 1.58% of those patients declined the procedure. 3.94% were asked to stop medications in preparation for the test. Consultants were asked to review 5.33% of these patients. The trend for failed procedures due to poor bowel preparation has begun to fall. Pre-assessment is ensuring problems are being addressed in advance of the procedure. Patients are being protected and list efficiency is maximised. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. http://www.npsa.nhs.uk/nrls/alerts-and-directives/rapidrr/reducing-risk-of-harm-from-oral-bowel-cleansing-solutions 2. http://www.bsg.org.uk/attachments/960_obca_draft_10.pdf
Gene tests show that two fifths of Ashkenazi Jews are descended from four women
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Four “founding mothers” who lived in Europe a thousand years ago were the ancestors of two fifths of all Ashkenazi (European origin) Jews. This is the conclusion of a team of researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, after they compared DNA sequences from nearly 2000 Jews with those of 11 500 non-Jewish people in 67 different populations around the world.

The remaining 60% were found to have much more heterogeneous genetic origins.

The team, led by doctoral student, Doron Behar, and his supervisor, Professor Karl Skorecki of the Technion's medical faculty and Rambam Medical Centre in Haifa, published their findings online ahead of print publication in the American Journal of Human Genetics on 11 January (www.journals.uchicago.edu/AJHG/home.html). The article will appear in print in the March edition.

Professor Skorecki, a nephrologist who also conducts genetic research, …
Diffuse pattern of bone marrow involvement on magnetic resonance imaging is associated with high risk cytogenetics and poor outcome in newly diagnosed, symptomatic patients with multiple myeloma: A single center experience on 228 patients
Authors: Lia A. Moulopoulos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, Efstathios Kastritis, Dimitrios Christoulas, Maria Gkotzamanidou, Maria Roussou, Andreas Koureas, Magdalini Migkou, Maria Gavriatopoulou, Evangelos Eleutherakis‐Papaiakovou, Dimitra Gika, Vasilios Koutoulidis, Evangelos Terpos
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2012)

Abstract Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and specific cytogenetic abnormalities offer important prognostic information for myeloma patients. However, limited data are available about the association between cytogenetic abnormalities and MRI patterns of marrow infiltration. To address this issue, we analyzed 228 consecutive newly diagnosed, symptomatic patients who were diagnosed and treated in a single center. On bone marrow MR images, 95 (41%) patients had diffuse, 94 (41%) had focal, 35 (15%) were normal, and 4 (1.7%) patients had variegated pattern of marrow infiltration. High risk cytogenetics were more commonly observed with diffuse MRI pattern (50% vs. 31% in focal and normal patterns). Patients with diffuse MRI pattern had poorer survival compared to others and responded better to novel agent‐based therapies than to conventional chemotherapy (objective response: 88% vs. 46%, P &lt; 0.001). There was a significant improvement of patients' survival with a diffuse MRI pattern when treated upfront with novel agents compared to conventional chemotherapy (47 vs. 24 months; P &lt; 0.001). Diffuse MRI pattern along with ISS‐3 and high risk cytogenetics could identify a very high risk group of patients with extremely poor median survival (21 months) and an only 35% probability of 3‐year OS. Our study shows that symptomatic myeloma patients with a diffuse MRI pattern at diagnosis very often show high risk cytogenetic abnormalities and are benefiting from upfront novel agent‐based therapies. Diffuse MRI pattern in combination with high risk cytogenetics and ISS‐3 can identify a subset of myeloma patients with very poor prognosis who may need innovative treatment strategies and possibly more aggressive therapies. Am. J. Hematol., 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Food Allergy and Eczema in Pediatric Liver Transplant Patients Treated with Tacrolimus
Authors: M BRASKETT, R VENICK, M GARCIALLORET, A JAIN, S MCDIARMID, J VARGAS, D FARMER, E MCCABE, R BUSUTTIL, S MCGHEE
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Overview and recent trends of systematic reviews and meta-analyses in hepatology
Authors: Gaeun Kim, Soon Koo Baik
Journal: Clinical and Molecular Hepatology (2014)

A systematic review (SR) is a research methodology that involves a comprehensive search for and analysis of relevant studies on a specific topic. A strict and objective research process is conducted that comprises a systematic and comprehensive literature search in accordance with predetermined inclusion/exclusion criteria, and an assessment of the risk of bias of the selected literature. SRs require a multidisciplinary approach that necessitates cooperation with clinical experts, methodologists, other experts, and statisticians. A meta-analysis (MA) is a statistical method of quantitatively synthesizing data, where possible, from the primary literature selected for the SR. Review articles differ from SRs in that they lack a systematic methodology such as a literature search, selection of studies according to strict criteria, assessment of risk bias, and synthesis of the study results. The importance of evidence-based medicine (EBM) in the decision-making for public policy has recently been increasing thanks to the realization that it should be based on scientific research data. SRs and MAs are essential for EBM strategy and evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. This review addresses the current trends in SRs and MAs in the field of hepatology via a search of recently published articles in the Cochrane Library and Ovid-MEDLINE.
The pacemaker current (If) does not play an important role in regulating SA node pacemaker activity
Authors: M. Vassalle
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article The pacemaker current (I f ) does not play an important role in regulating SA node pacemaker activity Get access Mario Vassalle Mario Vassalle Department of Physiology, Box 31, SUNY Health Science Center Brooklyn, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203-2012, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 2, August 1995, Pages 309–310, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)00028-3 Published: 01 August 1995
Pancreatic cancer metastasis to the rectum detected on colonoscopy
Authors: H. Fukatsu, Y. Nagahara, K. Ishiki, M. Iwamura, F. Hamada
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

An 87-year-old man was referred to our institution for further investigation of bloody stool. The patient had undergone partial gastrectomy for gastric cancer about 40 years earlier and right lower lobectomy for well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma in the right lung about 10 years earlier. He had been taking medication for primary hypertension and benign prostatic hypertrophy for 9 years. Colonoscopic examinations revealed reddish mucosa with convergence of mucosal folds in the rectum ([Figs. 1], [2]). Histological examination (hematoxylin and eosin staining) of the biopsy specimens revealed adenocarcinoma ([Fig. 3]). Immunohistologically, the specimens were positive for cytokeratin 7 and negative for cytokeratin 20 and prostate-specific antigen [1]. An abdominal computed tomography scan showed a hypovascular tumor in the tail of the pancreas, multiple metastatic tumors in the liver, and multiple nodules in the omentum ([Fig. 4]). A hypovascular mass was also observed adjacent to the rectum and was considered to be one of the nodes of peritoneal dissemination ([Fig. 5]). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed no tumor. Based on these findings, we diagnosed the patient as having pancreatic cancer disseminated to the rectum and he was given best supportive care possible.
Twenty-Day Catgut.
Authors: Charles A. L. Reed
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Cincinnati, Nov. 30, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Dr. Walter B. Chase, in his excellent article on "Buried Sutures and Ligatures," inThe Journal, Nov. 30, 1907, says very correctly that "it is important to remember in this connection that catgut can be so over-chromicized as to render it unabsorbable and make it as objectionable as silkworm gut." This is all very true, but it does not go far enough. My experience has been to the effect that the heavy and hard catgut, chromicized to last twenty days, is very liable to last forever unless it is removed. It has not, in my experience, been the cause of any infection whatever, but it has repeatedly been the cause of a chemical disintegration of the tissues resulting in the formation of a sinus and the seemingly interminable discharge of chromicized and consequently entirely sterile serum. When this exosmotic current is once established
Grass and Olea Airborne Pollen Allergens in Outdoor Air Samples and its Correlation with Pollen Counts
Authors: S. Ladeira, C. Nunes, R. Ferro, R. Ferro, M. Martins, E. Caeiro, C. Antunes, R. Brandao, A. Caldeira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Treatment of Acne Vulgaris
Authors: Aamir Haider, James C. Shaw
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextManagement of acne vulgaris by nondermatologists is increasing. Current understanding of the different presentations of acne allows for individualized treatments and improved outcomes.ObjectiveTo review the best evidence available for individualized treatment of acne.Data SourcesSearch of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database to search for all English-language articles on acne treatment from 1966 to 2004.Study SelectionWell-designed randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and other systematic reviews are the focus of this article.Data ExtractionAcne literature is characterized by a lack of standardization with respect to outcome measures and methods used to grade disease severity.Data SynthesisMain outcome measures of 29 randomized double-blind trials that were evaluated included reductions in inflammatory, noninflammatory, and total acne lesion counts. Topical retinoids reduce the number of comedones and inflammatory lesions in the range of 40% to 70%. These agents are the mainstay of therapy in patients with comedones only. Other agents, including topical antimicrobials, oral antibiotics, hormonal therapy (in women), and isotretinoin all yield high response rates. Patients with mild to moderate severity inflammatory acne with papules and pustules should be treated with topical antibiotics combined with retinoids. Oral antibiotics are first-line therapy in patients with moderate to severe inflammatory acne while oral isotretinoin is indicated for severe nodular acne, treatment failures, scarring, frequent relapses, or in cases of severe psychological distress. Long-term topical or oral antibiotic therapy should be avoided when feasible to minimize occurrence of bacterial resistance. Isotretinoin is a powerful teratogen mandating strict precautions for use among women of childbearing age.ConclusionsAcne responses to treatment vary considerably. Frequently more than 1 treatment modality is used concomitantly. Best results are seen when treatments are individualized on the basis of clinical presentation.