tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Automated Online Counseling on Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life Among Adolescents With Acne Vulgaris
Authors: William Tuong, Audrey S. Wang, April W. Armstrong
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

<h3>Importance</h3> Effective patient education is necessary for treating patients with acne vulgaris. Automated online counseling simulates face-to-face encounters and may be a useful tool to deliver education. <h3>Objective</h3> To compare the effectiveness of a standard educational website with that of an automated-counseling website in improving clinical outcomes and quality of life among adolescents with acne. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Randomized clinical trial conducted between March 27, 2014, and June 27, 2014, including a 12-week follow-up in a local inner-city high school. Ninety-eight students aged at least 13 years with mild to moderate acne were eligible for participation. A per-protocol analysis of the evaluable population was conducted on clinical outcome data. <h3>Interventions</h3> Participants viewed either a standard educational website or an automated-counseling website. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The primary outcome was the total acne lesion count. Secondary measures included the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) scores and general skin care behavior. <h3>Results</h3> Forty-nine participants were randomized to each group. At baseline, the mean (SD) total acne lesion count was not significantly different between the standard-website group and the automated-counseling–website group (21.33 [10.81] vs 25.33 [12.45];<i>P</i>= .10). Improvement in the mean (SD) acne lesion count was not significantly different between the standard-website group and the automated-counseling–website group (0.20 [9.26] vs 3.90 [12.19];<i>P</i> = .10). The mean (SD) improvement in CDLQI score for the standard-website group was not significantly different from that of the automated-counseling–website group (0.17 [2.64] vs 0.39 [2.94];<i>P</i> = .71). After 12 weeks, a greater proportion of participants in the automated-counseling–website group maintained or adopted a recommended anti-acne skin care routine compared with the standard-website group (43% vs 22%;<i>P</i> = .03). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Internet-based acne education using automated counseling was not superior to standard-website education in improving acne severity and quality of life. However, a greater proportion of participants who viewed the automated-counseling website reported having maintained or adopted a recommended anti-acne skin care regimen. <h3>Trial Registration</h3> clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT02031718
Does single-port laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy result in improved short-term perioperative outcomes compared to conventional multi-port laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy?
Authors: Charlene Lo, Ladoris Latin, Ángel Fariñas, Christian X. Cruz Pico, Angelina Postoev, Christopher Ibikunle, Aliu Sanni
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)
Qualitative analysis of stroke patients' motivation for rehabilitation
Authors: Niall Maclean, Pandora Pound, Charles Wolfe, Anthony Rudd
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To explore the attitudes and beliefs of stroke patients identified by professionals as having either "high" or "low" motivation for rehabilitation. <b>Design:</b> Qualitative study with semistructured interviews. <b>Setting:</b> The stroke unit of an inner city teaching hospital. <b>Participants:</b> 22 patients with stroke who were undergoing rehabilitation; 14 with high motivation for rehabilitation and eight with low motivation. <b>Results:</b> All patients thought rehabilitation was important for recovery. High motivation patients were more likely to view rehabilitation as the most important means of recovery and to accord themselves an active role in rehabilitation. These patients were also more likely to understand rehabilitation and in particular to understand the specialist role of the nursing staff. Many patients reported independence at home as a personal goal, though few low motivation patients related this goal to success in rehabilitation. Information from professionals about rehabilitation, favourable comparisons with other stroke patients, and the desire to leave hospital had a positive effect on motivation. Conversely, overprotection from family members and professionals, lack of information or the receipt of "mixed messages" from professionals, and unfavourable comparisons with other patients had a negative effect. <b>Conclusions:</b> There are some differences in beliefs between stroke patients identified as having low or high motivation for rehabilitation. These beliefs seem to be influenced by the environment in which the patient is rehabilitated. Professionals and carers should be made aware of the ways in which their behaviour can positively and negatively affect motivation.
Epidemiology of HIV-1 subtypes in an urban area of northern Italy
Authors: M. De Paschale, D. Cagnin, T. Cerulli, M. Mena, C. Magnani, P. Perini, T. Re, M. Villa, P. Viganò, C. Maltempo, M.T. Manco, C. Agrappi, P. Mirri, A. Gatti, C. Rescaldani, P. Clerici
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Atlas of the Face in Genetic Disorders.
Authors: Richard M. Goodman, Robert J. Gorlin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The authors state that the aim of the text is one of "aiding the clinician in making a diagnosis of a genetic disorder based on recognition of certain distinguishing facial features."All of the criteria needed to reach this goal are included: concise, clear descriptions of syndromes, excellent pictures, and up-to-date references.The book, however, falls short in its presentation.For those searching for a diagnosis unknown to them, one is asked to determine the main organ system involved, the outstanding clinical features, and to utilize a summary table presented at the beginning of the text and arranged by system.The syndromes are then arranged alphabetically by inheritance pattern.Had the body of the atlas followed the system arrange- ment, a visual image of syndromes with comparable features would be immediately evident as well as providing a differential diagnosis.The present method is cumbersome, necessitating many steps.The reader will experience difficulty if he cannot discern the main organ system involved, that is, if the patient in question only has facial dysmorphia.Buried in the appendix are two tables which would be useful in these cases, giving lists of all syndromes with a specific facial feature (i.e., hypertelorism)-"External Ocular Findings in Syndromes from Text" and "External Nasal Findings in Syndromes from Text." Expansion of these tables to include a listing of all syndromes with abnormal head shapes, ear, and oral anomalies as well as an explanation for their best usage would have been extremely helpful.The chapters on "Embryology of the Face" and "Head and Facial Measurements" are welcomed additions to this second edition.The introductory chapters and appendix are filled with many useful classification type tables.Many prove to be disappointing, however, because of lack of references for the disorder cited.For one-third the cost, one-third the bulk, and three times the facility in usage, there are other texts that are more successful as aids to diagnosis of genetic disorders based on facial features.
Clostridium difficile infection following community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Gourab Choudhury, Ahsan Akram, Pallavi Mandal, Gillian Fleming, James Chalmers, Adam Hill
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  In this prospective observational study of hospitalized community acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients, we determined the incidence  Clostridium difficile  infection (CDI) and its contribution towards treatment failure.   Methods:  Data were recorded for 1883 consecutive CAP patients. All patients with 2 or more loose stools during these admissions, had samples sent for  Clostridium difficile  toxin testing. The association of specific risk factors and development of CDI was assessed by multivariable logistic regression (MVR).   Results:  There were 51 cases of CDI following CAP (2.7% of CAP cases). The most frequent antibiotic regimes implicated were amoxicillin/clavulanic acid +/- macrolide (54.9%) or regimes containing cephalosporins (35.3%.).  37.3% of CDI cases received more than 2 antibiotics (excluding those used to treat CDI), while only 3 patients were on monotherapy.  Mortality secondary to CDI was 21.6% as inpatient, rising to 43.1% at 1 year (compared to 1 year mortality for all CAP patients of 21.3%, p=0.0001). Overall mortality rate for CAP patients was 9% at 30 days.  In MVR analysis, the factors associated with development of CDI were age (AOR 1.04 95% CI 1.01-1.08, p=0.03), duration of admission (AOR 1.06 95% CI 1.04-1.09, p   Conclusion:  CDI is a relatively uncommon complication of CAP, occurring predominantly in elderly patients. Post CAP, it is, however, associated with increased in-hospital and 1 year mortality.  Reducing total antibiotic exposure and duration of treatmentmight be as important as changing antibiotic class in reducing CDI rates.
Late-breaking abstract: Pulmonary function abnormalities among adolescent street children smokers in Indonesia
Authors: Arif Budiman, Bambang Supriyatno, Nia Kurniati, Irawan Mangunatmaja, Hikari Ambara Sjakti, Najib Advani
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Street children and smoking prevalence are highly increasing. Studies on pulmonary function among adolescent street children smokers are still limited with controversial result.  Objective: To determine proportion of pulmonary dysfunction among adolescent street children smokers and to evaluate relation between smoking behaviour with pulmonary dysfunction.  Methods: A cross sectional study among 317 street children, aged 10-18 years old, including smokers and non-smokers which were recruited consecutively. Subjects undergone pulmonary function test which measured FEV1/ FVC, FEV1, FVC, V50 and V25.  Results: Subject smokers were 182 children, most of them were occasional smokers (53%), smoking period around 1-2 years (54%), using filtered cigarettes (58%), and consuming 1-10 cigarettes per day (93%). Mean pulmonary function parameter values(FEV1 and FVC) of smokers were lower than non-smokers (p  Conclusion: Mean pulmonary function parameter values (FEV1 and FVC) of smokers were lower than non-smokers. Pulmonary dysfunction proportion among adolescent street children smokers was 26.5%, consist of combined disorder (16.1%), restrictive (8.2%) and obstructive (2.2%). There was relation between types of cigarettes and smoking behavior with pulmonary function abnormalities.
Szasz Under Fire—Reply
Authors: Schuyler W. Henderson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
402. Retrovirus and Lentivirus Vectors Are Silenced in ES Cells by Dynamic Interplay of Multiple Epigenetic Modifications
Authors: Shuyuan Yao, Tanya Sukonnik, Tara Kean, Rikki Bharadwaj, Peter Pasceri, James Ellis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

We show here that retrovirus and lentivirus vectors are subject to silencing in mouse ES cells producing single-copy proviruses that are silent, variegated or low expressing at best. The mechanism of retrovirus silencing was studied by infecting wild-type and de novo methylase (dnmt3) null ES cells. Silent and variegated retrovirus was identified in both cell types, demonstrating that DNA methylation is not required for establishment of silencing. Wild-type ES cells were also isolated with silent, variegated or low expressing lentivirus. ChIP experiments show that silent and variegated retrovirus and lentivirus are epigenetically marked by the same silent chromatin composed of deacetylated H3 and bound H1, and that H1 binding is further enhanced in dnmt3 null ES cells. In wild-type ES cells, silent and variegated proviruses are DNA methylated, bound by MeCP2 and less H1, and partially reactivated by 5-AzaC but not TSA. These experiments show that DNA methylation plays a partial silencing role but that silent chromatin is the universal mark of retrovirus silencing, and suggest that at least two epigenetic pathways are involved in establishment of silencing.
Abstract 6230: Willingness-to-Pay to Avoid Restenosis Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Canadian Patients; A Contingent Valuation
Authors: Jason R Guertin, Aihua Liu, Michal Abrahamowicz, Salma Ismail, Jacques Lelorier, David J Cohen, James Brophy, Stephane Rinfret
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Clinical Diabetes Mellitus: A Problem-Oriented Approach
Authors: John K. Davidson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

The nature of diabetes mellitus diagnosis and screening, long-term management, complications, concomitant and socio-economic problems, development and evaluation of diabetes care programs are discussed in this book. This second edition updates all chapters. Several new chapters are included. Joint disease is added to the podiatry chapter. The book includes a new appendix on International  Foundation and European Association for the Study of Diabetes and it also gives new clinical data on insulin products.
Abstract 55: Kidney Measures Beyond Conventional Risk Factors for Predicting Incident Cardiovascular Disease: A Collaborative Meta-Analysis of 16 Cohorts
Authors: Kunihiro Matsushita, Josef Coresh, Yingying Sang, John Chalmers, Caroline Fox, Areef Ishani, Tazeen Jafar, Simerjot K Jassal, Gijs W Landman, Paul Muntner, Paul Roderick, Toshimi Sairenchi, Ben Schöttker, Anoop Shankar, Michael Shlipak, Marcello Tonelli, John Townend, Arjan van Zuilen, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Kentaro Yamashita, Ron Gansevoort, Mark Sarnak, David G Warnock, Mark Woodward, Johan Ärnlöv
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Despite the high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in those with chronic kidney disease (CKD), there are conflicting data as to whether two key kidney measures, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, contribute to better CVD prediction, beyond conventional risk factors, warranting a more comprehensive investigation over a broad range of populations. Methods: We studied 127,825 participants without history of CVD from 12 general population, 3 high risk and 1 CKD cohorts with data on eGFR (based on the CKD-EPI creatinine equation) and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) and at least 4 years of median follow-up for CVD mortality (4,133 deaths from 15 cohorts), coronary heart disease (CHD) (5,420 events from 9 cohorts), stroke (2,651 events from 9 cohorts), or heart failure (2,507 events from 8 cohorts). To compare eGFR and ACR with conventional predictors independently of the order of modeling, we examined the worsening of 5-year prediction of CVD outcomes by omitting each predictor in turn compared to a full model with all kidney and conventional predictors. Results: C-statistics for full models ranged from 0.759-0.836 in general population and high risk cohorts and 0.712-0.796 in the CKD population (Table). All the conventional and kidney measures contributed to better prediction of CVD outcomes. The contribution of ACR was greater than that of any conventional modifiable risk factors except in predicting CHD in both general/high-risk cohorts and CKD population. Although weaker than ACR, eGFR also contributed significantly to better prediction of CVD mortality (especially in CKD populations) and CHD. Largely similar results were observed for categorical net reclassification index. Conclusion: The two key kidney measures (particularly albuminuria) contribute as much as some or all of the conventional risk factors to CVD prediction, supporting their use for CVD risk classification in certain circumstances.
Boyd's Introduction to the Study of Disease.
Authors: William Boyd, Huntington Sheldon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

The living body historical outline, Causes of Disease disturbances of blood flow and derangements of body fluids inflammation and repair the immune system and its disorders bacterial infections viruses and other intracellular parasites fungal infections animal parasites neoplasia inherited disease the heart the blood vessels the respiratory tract upper digestive tract lower digestive tract liver and gallbladder pancreas the kidney and male genital tract female reproductive system (including breast) endocrine system blood and lymph nodes central nervous system musculoskeletal system care of the patient.
History of a Rhesus Monkey Adenocarcinoma Containing Virus Particles Resembling Oncogenic RNA Viruses&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Marcus M. Mason, Arthur E. Bogden, Vladimir Ilievski, Henry J. Esber, John R. Baker, Harish C. Chopra
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

The clinical history, histopathology, and endocrinology of a rhesus monkey bearing a mammary tumor are reported. Initial biopsy sections of a small growth near the nipple of the left mammary gland and of a larger mass in the left axilla showed large necrotic areas, whereas the viable portions revealed differentiated carcinoma, parts of which had an acinar arrangement. The cells were pleomorphic with more nuclear area than cytoplasmic. They were closely packed polyhedral cells arranged in cords having no regular acinar formation and only scanty supporting stroma. Reticulin silver preparations showed a fine network with the heaviest deposition around clumps of cells. Large RNA deposits were seen in the nucleoli by fluorescent microscopy. Phenesterin (NSC #104469) therapy, 25 mg/kg/day, post surgery, for two 14-day periods, 18 days apart, was oncolytic, inducing a decrease in 2 tumor masses of 54 and 44%, respectively, as well as immunosuppressive, as indicated by the lymphopenia that occurred during each therapy period. The original primary tumor biopsies in which large numbers of Mason-Pfizer monkey virus particles were seen by electron microscopy were made during the second period of chemotherapy. The clinical history of the host animal indicated continuous estrus for more than a year preceding the appearance of malignancy and stressed the possibility of viral-hormonal cocarcinogenesis in its etiology. An abnormally high total serum estrogen level in this rhesus monkey was confirmed by radio-immunoassay. The serum growth-hormone level was low and the serum insulin as well as progesterone values were in mid-normal range. (The monkey died 50 days after initial therapy, with a neoplasm that was widely disseminated and had invaded both breasts, the left pectoral area, and the left axilla. Small tumor masses were found in an ovary, adrenals, pancreas, kidney, liver, and other regional lymph glands.) From the biopsy and postmortem material, virus particles were seen in the tumor tissue, thymus, and lymph nodes.
Dermoscopy of pyogenic granuloma: a morphological study
Authors: P. Zaballos, M. Carulla, F. Ozdemir, I. Zalaudek, J. Bañuls, Á. Llambrich, S. Puig, G. Argenziano, J. Malvehy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign, vascular lesion of the skin and mucous membranes which is a simulator of amelanotic/hypomelanotic melanoma and other tumours.To determine the diagnostic significance of dermoscopic structures and patterns associated with pyogenic granulomas in a large series of cases.Digital dermoscopic images of histopathologically proven cases of 122 pyogenic granulomas and 140 other tumours (28 amelanotic melanomas, seven melanoma metastases, 22 basal cell carcinomas and 83 other tumours) were collected from university hospitals in Spain, Italy, Austria and Turkey. The frequency, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, intraobserver agreement and interobserver agreement of the dermoscopic structures and patterns associated with pyogenic granulomas were calculated.Vascular structures were observed in 45% of pyogenic granulomas (sensitivity of 45·1% and specificity of 17·9%; both P < 0·001). Seven exclusive patterns were made up from the combination of the structures 'reddish homogeneous area' (RHA), 'white collarette' (WC), 'white rail lines' (WRL) and 'vascular structures' (VS). The pattern composed of RHA, WC and WRL showed the highest sensitivity (22·1%; P < 0·001) and a specificity of 100% (P < 0·001) for pyogenic granulomas. Two other patterns (RHA + WC and RHA + WC + WRL + VS) showed 100% specificity when compared with melanoma (P < 0·001 and P < 0·05, respectively).Even though some dermoscopic patterns are useful in the recognition of pyogenic granulomas, dermoscopy is not a substitute for histology, mostly when vessels are present, as melanoma cannot be ruled out.
Metalloproteinases in Multiple Myeloma: Production of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), Activation of proMMP-2, and Induction of MMP-1 by Myeloma Cells
Authors: Sophie Barillé, Camélia Akhoundi, Madeleine Collette, Marie-Paule Mellerin, Marie-Josée Rapp, Jean-Luc Harousseau, Régis Bataille, Martine Amiot
Journal: Blood (1997)