tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Melamine-Exposed Children in Hong Kong
Authors: Stella Sin Yee Ho, Winnie Chiu Wing Chu, Ka Tak Wong, Chi Kong Li, William Wong, Pak Cheung Ng, Anil T. Ahuja
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: The recent melamine contamination of infant formula and milk products in China placed thousands of children in China and neighboring regions at risk for renal-stone formation and renal failure; six deaths were reported. In the wake of the crisis, screening programs were launched nationwide in the mainland of China. A similar program was initiated in Hong Kong1; here, we describe the results. From September 28 through October 17, 2008, a total of 2140 children (1177 boys and 963 girls; age range, 1 month to 12 years; mean age, 6.45 years), all asymptomatic, underwent ultrasonographic screening at . . .
Dizziness among Older Adults: A Possible Geriatric Syndrome
Authors: Mary E. Tinetti, Christianna S. Williams, Thomas M. Gill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Background: In previous studies of dizziness, the prevalence of specific causes has varied widely and either no or multiple causes have been identified. Dizziness might be better considered a geriatric syndrome that results from impairment or disease in multiple systems. Objective: To determine the predisposing characteristics and situational factors associated with dizziness. Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study. Setting: Community. Participants: Probability sample of 1087 community-living persons in New Haven, Connecticut, who were at least 72 years of age. Measurements: Episodes of dizziness that occurred for at least 1 month; manifestations of dizziness; and predisposing demographic, medical, neurologic, sensory, and psychological characteristics. Results: 261 participants (24%) reported dizziness; 56% of dizzy persons described several sensations and 74% reported several triggering activities. The adjusted relative risks for characteristics associated with dizziness were 1.69 (95% CI, 1.24 to 2.30) for anxiety, 1.36 (CI, 1.02 to 1.80) for depressive symptoms, 1.27 (CI, 0.99 to 1.63) for impaired hearing, 1.30 (CI, 1.01 to 1.68) for five or more medications, 1.31 (CI, 0.92 to 1.87) for postural hypotension, 1.34 (CI, 0.95 to 1.90) for impaired balance, and 1.31 (CI, 1.00 to 1.71) for past myocardial infarction. The adjusted relative risk for dizziness was 1.38 (CI, 1.27 to 1.49) for each additional characteristic. Conclusions: The association among characteristics in multiple domains (cardiovascular, neurologic, sensory, psychological, and medication-related) and dizziness, coupled with the multiplicity of sensations and triggering activities, suggests that dizziness may be a geriatric syndrome, similar to delirium and falling. If so, an impairment reduction strategy, proven effective for other geriatric syndromes, may be effective in reducing the symptoms and disabilities associated with dizziness.
Drowning and near drowning in children in the United Kingdom: lessons for prevention.
Authors: A. Kemp, J. R. Sibert
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVES--To determine the pattern of drowning and near drowning of children in Britain and identify means of prevention. DESIGN--Study of drowned and nearly drowned children under 15 years old. SETTING--United Kingdom, 1988 and 1989. SUBJECTS--Children under 15 years either drowning or admitted to hospital after a submersion incident. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Number of nearly drowned children, obtained from consultant paediatricians returning monthly notification cards through the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit. Number of drowned children notified by the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys and other national epidemiological offices; information from coroners. RESULTS--306 children had confirmed submersion incidents: 149 died and 157 survived after near drowning. The annual incidence in England and Wales was 1.5/100,000, and mortality 0.7/100,000. Mortality was lowest in public pools 6% (2/32) and highest in rivers, canals, and lakes (78%, 56/73). Most of the children (263, 83%) were unsupervised at the time of the accident. 208 (68%) children were under 5 years old. CONCLUSIONS--Drowning and near drowning of children are problems in the British Isles. Appropriate supervision and safety barriers seem important for preventing such accidents. Improving information on dangers of drowning given to parents through the child surveillance programmes, encouraging fencing or draining of garden ponds and domestic swimming pools, and increasing supervision of swimming in lakes, rivers, and beaches should reduce the number of accidents.
Sensory Overloads, Information Overloads and Behavior
Authors: Z.J. Lipowski
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

The author proposes that a hallmark of technological societies is the ubiquity of conditions which result in sensory and information overloads for many persons. Research results from several salient areas are reviewed briefly in support of the main thesis. It appears that information overloads give rise to psychophysiological effects which may lead to behavioral and somatic pathology and are thus a practically important subject for psychosomatic investigators.
Is ursodeoxycholic acid an effective treatment for primary sclerosing cholangitis?
Authors: O. Chazouillères, R. Poupon, J.P. Capron, E.H. Metman, D. Dhumeaux, M. Amouretti, P. Couzigou, D. Labavle, J.C. Trinchet
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1989)
Is shared intentionality widespread among and unique to humans?
Authors: Giyoo Hatano, Keiko Takahashi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

We agree that motivation to share emotions and other mental states is crucial for communicative development, but human infants are highly selective in sharing mental states, and this is well taken evolutionarily. Young chimpanzees may also have motivation to imitate mothers. Thus, uniquely human cognition and culture may not be reduced to a few basic abilities and/or inclinations.
A memorable patient: Fascinating rhythm
Authors: D. Cummins
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To compare the risk of idiopathic venous thromboembolism among women taking third generation oral contraceptives (with gestodene or desogestrel) with that among women taking oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel. <b>Design:</b> Cohort and case-control analyses derived from the General Practice Research Database. <b>Setting:</b> UK general practices, January 1993 to December 1999. <b>Participants:</b> Women aged 15-39 taking third generation oral contraceptives or oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Relative incidence (cohort study) and odds ratios (case-control study) as measures of the relative risk of venous thromboembolism. <b>Results:</b> The adjusted estimates of relative risk for venous thromboembolism associated with third generation oral contraceptives compared with oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel was 1.9 (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 2.8) in the cohort analysis and 2.3 (1.3 to 3.9) in the case-control study. The estimates for the two types of oral contraceptives were similar before and after the warning issued by the Committee on Safety of Medicines in October 1995. A shift away from the use of third generation oral contraceptives after the scare was more pronounced among younger women (who have a lower risk of venous thromboembolism) than among older women. Fewer cases of venous thromboembolism occurred in 1996 and later than would have been expected if the use of oral contraceptives had remained unchanged. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings are consistent with previously reported studies, which found that compared with oral contraceptives with levonorgestrel, third generation oral contraceptives are associated with around twice the risk of venous thromboembolism.
Should We All Be Vegetarians?
Authors: Robert B. Baron
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Nephron-Sparing Surgery versus Radical Nephrectomy in the Treatment of Intracapsular Renal Cell Carcinoma up to 7cm
Authors: Alessandro Antonelli, Alberto Cozzoli, Maria Nicolai, Danilo Zani, Tiziano Zanotelli, Laura Perucchini, Sergio Cosciani Cunico, Claudio Simeone
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Concentrations of organochlorines related to titers to Epstein-Barr virus early antigen IgG as risk factors for hairy cell leukemia.
Authors: M Nordström, L Hardell, G Lindström, H Wingfors, K Hardell, A Linde
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B-cell malignancy that, according to modern classifications, is a subgroup of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs). A rapid increase in incidence of NHL has been reported in many countries. The reasons for this increase are largely unknown, but exposure to organochlorines has been suggested as a risk factor. Epstein-Barr virus is a human herpesvirus that has been associated with certain subgroups of NHL. In this study, we measured lipid adjusted blood concentrations (in nanogram per gram) of 36 congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p, p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and four subgroups of chlordanes (trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor, MC6, and oxychlordane) in incident cases of HCL and controls from the general population. We obtained results on organochlorines and antibodies for 54 cases and 54 controls. Titers of antibodies to the Epstein-Barr early antigen and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen, measured as P107, were correlated to concentrations of organochlorines to evaluate the possibility of an interaction between these factors in the pathogenesis of HCL. We found no significant difference in lipid-adjusted blood concentrations of total PCBs, p,p'-DDE, HCB, or the sum of the chlordanes between cases and controls. Titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr early antigen IgG [Greater and equal to] 40 were correlated to an increased risk for HCL. This risk was further increased in those with a level above the median value of p,p'-DDE, HCB, or the sum of the chlordanes, suggesting an interaction between Epstein-Barr virus and a higher concentration of these chemicals. We also found increased risk for the sum of immunotoxic PCB group.
THE STRUCTURE OF COLLAGEN AND ELASTIC TISSUES IN UNPROCESSED SKIN.
Authors: A. JARRETT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1958)

Journal Article THE STRUCTURE OF COLLAGEN AND ELASTIC TISSUES IN UNPROCESSED SKIN. Get access A. JARRETT A. JARRETT University College Hospital Medical School, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 70, Issue 10, 1 October 1958, Pages 343–347, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1958.tb13794.x Published: 01 October 1958
Alternative Cancer Cures: "Unproven" or "Disproven"?
Authors: A. Vickers
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2004)

Oncology has always coexisted with therapies offered outside of conventional cancer treatment centers and based on theories not found in biomedicine. These alternative cancer cures have often been described as "unproven," suggesting that appropriate clinical trials have not been conducted and that the therapeutic value of the treatment is unknown. Contrary to much popular and scientific writing, many alternative cancer treatments have been investigated in good quality clinical trials, and they have been shown to be ineffective. In this article, clinical trial data on a number of alternative cancer cures including Livingston-Wheeler, Di Bella Multitherapy, antineoplastons, vitamin C, hydrazine sulfate, Laetrile, and psychotherapy are reviewed. The label "unproven" is inappropriate for such therapies; it is time to assert that many alternative cancer therapies have been "disproven."
Aphagia Caused by Accidental Banding of the Esophageal Circumference
Authors: A. Sǎftoiu, T. Ciurea
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) is now considered to be demonstrably superior to endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy (EVS), particularly with regard to procedure-related morbidity [1]. The use of multiple-band ligators has made ligation technically easier and faster, but the long-term results of EVL are less encouraging, due to early variceal recurrence. This is particularly the case in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and esophageal bleeding, who experience extremely high rates of recurrent bleeding and mortality [2].
Catamenial haemoptysis: a rare cause.
Authors: D J Wood, K Krishnan, P Stocks, E Morgan, M J Ward
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Since the first report of pulmonary endometriosis as a cause of catamenial haemoptysis all cases have been assumed to be due to pulmonary endometriosis, even in the absence of histopathological proof. A case is presented where the histological findings were of a pulmonary arteriovenous malformation.
Cardiac Biomarkers Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Stroke and Death in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ziad Hijazi, Jonas Oldgren, Ulrika Andersson, Stuart J. Connolly, Michael D. Ezekowitz, Stefan H. Hohnloser, Paul A. Reilly, Dragos Vinereanu, Agneta Siegbahn, Salim Yusuf, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Cardiac biomarkers are strong predictors of adverse outcomes in several patient populations. We evaluated the prevalence of elevated troponin I and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and their association to cardiovascular events in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients in the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial. Methods and Results— Biomarkers at randomization were analyzed in 6189 patients. Outcomes were evaluated by Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for established cardiovascular risk factors and the CHADS 2 and CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc risk scores. Patients were stratified based on troponin I concentrations: &lt;0.010 μg/L, n=2663; 0.010 to 0.019 μg/L, n=2006; 0.020 to 0.039 μg/L, n=1023; ≥0.040 μg/L, n=497; and on NT-proBNP concentration quartiles: &lt;387; 387 to 800; 801 to 1402; &gt;1402 ng/L. Rates of stroke were independently related to levels of troponin I with 2.09%/year in the highest and 0.84%/year in the lowest troponin I group (hazard ratio [HR], 1.99 [95% CI, 1.17–3.39]; P =0.0040), and to NT-proBNP with 2.30%/year versus 0.92% in the highest versus lowest NT-proBNP quartile groups, (HR, 2.40 [95% CI, 1.41–4.07]; P =0.0014). Vascular mortality was also independently related to biomarker levels with 6.56%/year in the highest and 1.04%/year the lowest troponin I group (HR, 4.38 [95% CI, 3.05–6.29]; P &lt;0.0001), and 5.00%/year in the highest and 0.61%/year in the lowest NT-proBNP quartile groups (HR, 6.73 [3.95–11.49]; P &lt;0.0001). Biomarkers increased the C-statistic from 0.68 to 0.72, P &lt;0.0001, for a composite of thromboembolic events. Conclusions— Elevations of troponin I and NT-proBNP are common in patients with AF and independently related to increased risks of stroke and mortality. Cardiac biomarkers seem useful for improving risk prediction in AF beyond currently used clinical variables. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT00262600.
Use of denaturing-gradient gel electrophoresis to study chromium-induced point mutations in human cells.
Authors: J Chen, W G Thilly
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

A large number of hprt-mutants were obtained by treating human lymphoblast cells (TK6) with 5 microM K2Cr2O7 for 5 hr and selecting by growth in 6-thioguanine. A combination of high fidelity polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) allowed us to measure mutant frequencies as a function of DNA sequence. Chromium(VI) induced four hotspots in a 104 bp domain of hprt exon 3. Substitutions at G:C base pairs were the predominant mutations. One of the chromium-induced hotspots was located at the same position as previously determined hydrogen peroxide and benzo(a)pyrene diol epoxide hotspots.
Comparative in vitro study of the pro-apolipoprotein A-I to apolipoprotein A-I converting activity between normal and Tangier plasma.
Authors: C Edelstein, J I Gordon, C A Vergani, A L Catapano, V Pietrini, A M Scanu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

We examined the ability of the plasma of a 52-yr-old male Tangier patient to effect the conversion of radiolabeled pro-apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), isolated from hepatoma cell culture media, into mature apo A-I. The conversion was assessed by amino-terminal sequence analysis, isoform patterns with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and a rapid assay based on the different solubilities of intact pro-apo A-I and its hexapeptide prosegment in 10% trichloroacetic acid. We found that the converting activity of Tangier plasma was comparable to that exhibited by control normolipidemic plasma and that in both cases pro-apo A-I was correctly processed at the Gln-Asp bond. After ultracentrifugal fractionation of Tangier plasma at d = 1.21 g/ml, the pro-apo A-I-to-mature apo A-I converting activity was mainly recovered in the middle fraction of d = 1.225 g/ml and was at least 10-fold more effective than the top and bottom fractions. In contrast, in normal plasma the activity was only present in the top and bottom fractions. It has been previously established that in Tangier plasma the pro-apo A-I/apo A-I ratio is significantly higher than normal (1 vs. 0.02). Our studies suggest that this abnormal ratio is not the result of a reduced converting enzyme activity and may relate to differences in turnover rates between Tangier and normal plasma apolipoproteins.
Androgen receptor in human liver: Characterization and quantitation in normal and diseased liver
Authors: Patricia K. Eagon, Mary S. Elm, Elizabeth A. Stafford, Lynne E. Porter
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Liver is responsive to sex hormones. The role of androgens in normal human liver function is not well understood, although androgens have been implicated in several liver diseases. Because the human hepatic androgen receptor has not been adequately characterized, we analyzed cytosolic and nuclear fractions from normal human liver of both sexes for androgen-binding activity using multipoint saturation analysis with the androgenic radioligand methyltrienelone (R1881). Both cytosolic and nuclear fractions of both sexes displayed high affinity R1881 binding (dissociation constants = nanomolar range). The R1881 binding in both fractions is highly specific in that potent androgens compete well, and the antiandrogens hydroxyflutamide and cyproterone acetate show partial competition; other nonandrogenic steroid hormones do not compete. The cytosolic R1881 receptor displays physicochemical characteristics of androgen receptors in other tissues in that it is retained by heparin-Sepharose and by DNA cellulose after activation, and it displays a molybdate-stabilized 8S form on sucrose gradients and a 7.3-nm species on gel filtration chromatography. Receptor activity was also quantitated in specimens of hepatic adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia and metastatic carcinoma to the liver and in samples of adjacent histologically normal specimens when available. In general, both the diseased and normal portions of the livers from the patients with hepatic adenoma and metastatic carcinoma to the liver, but not focal nodular hyperplasia, demonstrated reduced total androgen-receptor activity as compared with liver from normal individuals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
John Rashleigh Belcher
Authors: P Belcher
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Brought up in Liverpool in his father's practice, John Belcher was the ninth generation doctor (father to son) in the family. He was educated at Epsom College and thence St Thomas's Hospital Medical School from 1935 to 1939, graduating MRCS LRCP still aged 21, having asked for an early viva, and then MB BS. At the outbreak of the second world war St Thomas' was evacuated to Farnham, where he met his wife, Jacqueline …
Abstract 187: Down-regulation of microRNA34 induces cell proliferation and invasion of human mesothelial cells
Authors: Norimitsu Tanaka, Shinichi Toyooka, junichi soh, Kazunori Tsukuda, Kazuhiko Shien, Masashi Furukawa, Takayuki Muraoka, Yuho Maki, Tsuyoshi Ueno, Hiroaki Asano, Takemi Otsuki, Shinichiro Miyoshi
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: In the recent half-decade, many studies have shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors and that the widespread alteration of miRNA expression patterns is highly relevant to various human malignancies. We previously reported that microRNA-34s (miR-34s) are methylated and down-regulated in malignant pleural mesothelioma and might play an important role in the carcinogenesis of mesothelioma. In this study, in contrast to our previous study, we down-regulated miR-34s in the human mesothelial cells to investigate cellular effect of miR-34s knockdown. Material and methods: Two human mesothelial cell lines, MeT-5A derived from human pleura and LP-9 derived from human peritoneum, and three human primary cultured mesothelial cells from pleura were used in this study. Antisense mimics of miR-34a, b, and c (Anti-miR miRNA InhibitorR, Ambion) were transfected to these cells and effect of proliferation and invasion was estimated. Control scramble transfected cells were used as control. The protein expression status was estimated using Western Blotting. Results: Antisense miR-34a, b, and c down-regulated each miR-34s in introduced human mesothelial cells. Cell proliferation significantly increased in each antisense of miR-34s transfected human mesothelial cells than in control for all examined cells (p &amp;lt; 0.0001 for miR-34s with all cells). Invasion ability also increased in antisense transfected cells than in control for MeT-5A and LP-9 (P &amp;lt; 0.0001 for 2 cell lines). Human primary cultured mesothelial cells did not obtain invasion ability in this experiment. Western blotting confirmed up-regulation of c-Met and p-c-Met protein. Conclusion: We confirmed that down-regulation of miR-34s up-regulated oncogenic phenotype of mesothelial cells. The present study together with our previous report strongly suggests miR-34s play an important role in early carcinogenic process of human mesothelial cells to malignant mesothelioma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 187. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-187