tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Enhanced response to ozone exposure during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
Authors: S D Fox, W C Adams, K A Brookes, B L Lasley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Exposure to ozone (O3), a toxic component of photochemical smog, results in significant airway inflammation, respiratory discomfort, and pulmonary function impairment. These effects can be reduced via pretreatment with anti-inflammatory agents. Progesterone, a gonadal steroid, is known to reduce general inflammation in the uterine endometrium. However, it is not known whether fluctuations in blood levels of progesterone, which are experienced during the normal female menstrual cycle, could alter O3 inflammatory-induced pulmonary responses. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that young, adult females are more responsive to O3 inhalation with respect to pulmonary function impairment during their follicular (F) menstrual phase when progesterone levels are lowest than during their mid-luteal (ML) phase when progesterone levels are highest. Nine subjects with normal ovarian function were exposed in random order for 1 hr each to filtered air and to 0.30 ppm O3 in their F and ML menstrual phases. Ozone responsiveness was measured by percent change in pulmonary function from pre- to postexposure. Significant gas concentration effects (filtered air versus O3) were observed for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), and forced expiratory flow between 25 and 75% of FVC (FEF25-75; p < .05). More importantly, the pulmonary function flow rates, FEV1 and FEF25-75, showed a significant menstrual phase and gas concentration interaction effect, with larger decrements observed in the F menstrual phase when progesterone concentrations were significantly lower. We conclude that young, adult females appear to be more responsive to acute O3 exposure during the F phase than during the ML phase of their menstrual cycles.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Receptor-mediated endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic vasculopathy. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products blocks hyperpermeability in diabetic rats.
Authors: J L Wautier, C Zoukourian, O Chappey, M P Wautier, P J Guillausseau, R Cao, O Hori, D Stern, A M Schmidt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Dysfunctional endothelium is associated with and, likely, predates clinical complications of diabetes mellitus, by promoting increased vascular permeability and thrombogenicity. Irreversible advanced glycation end products (AGEs), resulting from nonenzymatic glycation and oxidation of proteins or lipids, are found in plasma, vessel wall, and tissues and have been linked to the development of diabetic complications. The principal means through which AGEs exert their cellular effects is via specific cellular receptors, one of which, receptor for AGE (RAGE), is expressed by endothelium. We report that blockade of RAGE inhibits AGE-induced impairment of endothelial barrier function, and reverse, in large part, the early vascular hyperpermeability observed in diabetic rats. Inhibition of AGE- and diabetes-mediated hyperpermeability by antioxidants, both in vitro and in vivo, suggested the central role of AGE-RAGE-induced oxidant stress in the development of hyperpermeability. Taken together, these data support the concept that ligation of AGEs by endothelial RAGE induces cellular dysfunction, at least in part by an oxidant-sensitive mechanism, contributing to vascular hyperpermeability in diabetes, and that RAGE is central to this pathologic process.
Bone resorption in organ culture: inhibition by the divalent cation ionophores A23187 and X-537A.
Authors: J L Ivey, D R Wright, A H Tashjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

The ionophores A23187 and X-537A were used as probes to investigate the possible role of calcium uptake by bone as a mediator for the stimulation of bone resorption induced by parathyroid hormone (PTH) and other agents in cultured mouse calvaria. The ionophores alone at concentrations from 1 nM to 20 muM did not stimulate bone resorption, nor did they potentiate bone resorption stimulated by submaximal concentrations of PTH after either brief (15-60 min) or extended (1-3 day) exposure to the ionophores. Unexpectedly, we found that the ionophores inhibit in a dose-dependent manner bone resorption stimulated by PTH and a wide variety of other compounds (prostaglandin E2, 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol, 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine, and phorbol myristate acetate). This inhibition was not due to irreversible damage to the bones by the ionophores, because the inhibition was reversible even after 24 h of treatment. Inhibition of bone resorption by the ionophores was observed in media of both high and low calcium concentration, indicating that the inhibition was not due to a critical extracellular calcium concentration. Inhibition by the ionophores differs qualitatively in several ways from that produced by calcitonin, a natural inhibitor of bone resorption. Furthermore, A23187 at 1.0 mug/ml had no effect on the accumulation of cyclic AMP in the medium of either control, PTH- or calcitonin treated calvaria. We conclude that the ionophores A23187 or X537A do not stimulate bone resorption nor potentiate the effects of stimulators of bone resorption; instead they are inhibitors of bone resorption stimulated by a wide variety of compounds.
CD4 reconstitution and reduction of reservoir in HIV-positive patients following a single infusion of CCR5 modified autologous CD4 T cells (SB-728-T)
Authors: R-P Sekaly, J Zeidan, J Lalezari, R Mitsuyasu, G Lee, M Giedlin, G Nichol, W Tang, D Ando, S Deeks
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Specific receptor-guanine nucleotide binding protein interaction mediates the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor.
Authors: J K Liao, C J Homcy
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

High affinity agonist-binding (HAB) sites are formed from specific receptor interaction with guanine nucleotide-binding (Gi) proteins. To determine whether the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) is regulated by specific receptor-Gi protein coupling, we treated bovine aortic endothelial cells with 100 ng/ml pertussis toxin (PTX) for 16 hours to effect receptor-Gi protein uncoupling. The degree of receptor uncoupling as measured by the loss of HAB sites for the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and bradykinin receptor was assessed by radioligand binding studies using partially purified bovine aortic endothelial cell membranes. The release of EDRF in response to UK14304 (an alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonist) and bradykinin stimulation was measured with a bioassay apparatus. The Gi protein isoforms were characterized by Western blotting, and complete ADP-ribosylation of these proteins was confirmed by PTX-catalyzed [32P]NAD ribosylation. PTX produced a greater inhibition of EDRF release via the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor pathway compared with the bradykinin receptor pathway (80% versus 46%, p less than 0.01). This corresponded to the loss of HAB sites from the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and bradykinin receptor pathway (72% versus 46%, p less than 0.01) as compared with complete loss of both HAB sites in the presence of GppNHp (0.1 mM). Since loss of HAB sites from PTX-mediated receptor uncoupling parallels the inhibition of EDRF release, these data suggest that Gi proteins contribute to a greater proportion of HAB sites derived from alpha 2-adrenergic receptor rather than bradykinin receptor interaction and that the inhibition of EDRF release by PTX is mainly due to the loss of these HAB sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
In Vitro Characterization of the Mechanisms Responsible for Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation
Authors: Erin M. Spinner, Patrick Shannon, Dana Buice, Jorge H. Jimenez, Emir Veledar, Pedro J. del Nido, David H. Adams, Ajit P. Yoganathan
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Functional tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is increasingly recognized as a source of morbidity. Current repair strategies focus on annular remodeling because annular dilatation is common in patients with TR. Although papillary muscle (PM) displacement is recognized in functional mitral regurgitation, its role in TR is less well characterized. The objective of this in vitro study was to further clarify the mechanisms by which TR occurs as an effect of annular dilatation and PM displacement.Porcine tricuspid valves (n=16) were studied in an in vitro right heart simulator. The valve dynamics were quantified with isolated annular dilatation starting with a normal annular size (6 cm(2)) and incrementally dilated up to 100%, isolated PM displacement, and a combination of the 2. All valves lost competence at 40% dilatation, resulting in a TR of 7.9 ± 3.4 mL (P ≤ 0.05) compared with baseline and central residual leaflet length of 0.5 ± 0.2 cm. Multidirectional displacement of the anterior and posterior/septal PMs and all PMs significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased TR, with normal annular area. Malcoaptation was observed where the 3 leaflets joined with all significant levels of TR. The anterior leaflet had the greatest percent change in residual leaflet length, whereas PM displacement caused a reduction in residual leaflet length for the septal leaflet for all conditions.This study shows that although annular dilatation alone leads to TR, isolated PM displacement can also cause TR; annular remodeling strategies should be tailored in the setting of severe PM displacement.
Pathogenesis of Leprosy. Ciba Foundation Study Group No. 15 in Honour of Professor V. R. Khanolkar.
Authors: Vincent J. Derbes
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This book, fifteenth in the series published by the Ciba Foundation, covers the proceedings of a small conference of experts. The Chairman, the late J. A. Doull, points out that there are about 5 to 12 million cases of leprosy in the world today, but in spite of this, relatively little progress has been made toward conquering this disease, among other reasons because leprosy is uncommon in most of those countries that have become leaders in scientific endeavor. The first paper on experimental aspects of the histopathology of leprosy, by Weddell and co-workers, emphasizes the role of the Schwann cells. Their observations cast doubt on the prevalent opinion that the skin is the only, or even the most usual portal of infection. It seems clear that once they are in the body,<i>Mycobacterium leprae</i>must be disseminated primarily via the bloodstream. Convincing evidence of Webdell's hypothesis is found in the
PD04-03: Sexual Dysfunction in Premenopausal Women with Breast Cancer: Prevalence and Severity.
Authors: SB Goldfarb, M Dickler, S Patil, R Jia, L Sit, S Damast, J Carter, J Kaplan, C Hudis, E Basch
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Sexual dysfunction is reported after chemotherapy and endocrine therapies. However, the prevalence and severity of sexual dysfunction in premenopausal women undergoing therapy for both local and metastatic disease is not well defined. This study was performed in order to understand the impact of contemporary breast cancer treatment on the prevalence and severity of sexual health in premenopausal women. Methods: We developed a survey that includes a previously validated questionnaire, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), as well as an established measure of health-related quality of life (the EuroQol EQ-5D), and disease-specific items to characterize sexual dysfunction and its causes based on literature review and expert consultations. Anonymous administration of the surveys was conducted in outpatient clinic waiting areas of the Breast Cancer Center at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), under an IRB waiver of consent. Results: 372 consecutively approached premenopausal women with breast cancer of any stage, undergoing treatment were each queried once. The mean age was 47. 87% reported current or past hormonal treatment, and 86% reported current or past chemotherapy (76% adjuvant; 24% for metastatic disease). Sexual dysfunction attributed to breast cancer or its treatment, defined as an FSFI score &amp;lt;26, was reported by 75% of respondents with a mean score of 16.3. Among these women, 79% of patients considered their sexual symptoms to be bothersome, with 51% noting moderate or severe levels of bother (score &amp;gt;=5/10). In a multivariate analysis, metastatic disease, development of amenorrhea from cancer treatment, antidepressant use and poorer overall health were each significantly associated with worse FSFI scores. Lower FSFI scores were also significantly associated with worse health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Sexual dysfunction is prevalent in premenopausal women treated for breast cancer and should be discussed with patients as a potential adverse effect of therapy. Assessment of sexual symptoms throughout treatment and beyond may facilitate the use of potential interventions such as lubricants, dilators, treatment modification and counseling. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD04-03.
Mortality Rates Decreasing for South Africans Taking ART
Authors: M. J. Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Mortality rates among South African patients infected with HIV who take antiretroviral therapy (ART) for longer than 2 years are now comparable with those of North American patients, reports an international team of researchers (Boulle A et al. PLoS Med. 2014;11[9]:e1001718).
SERUM CONCENTRATIONS AND ALLOTYPES OF IMMUNO-GLOBULINS IN TWO LINES OF MICE GENETICALLY SELECTED FOR "HIGH" OR "LOW" ANTIBODY SYNTHESIS
Authors: Guido Biozzi, Richard Asofsky, Rose Lieberman, Claude Stiffel, Denise Mouton, Baruj Benacerraf
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

Random-bred Swiss mice were selectively bred for 16 generations; selection was based on their agglutinin response to sheep and pigeon erythrocytes to produce a high and a low responder line. The serum levels of individual immunoglobulins differed significantly in these two lines before immunization. The differences in the levels of immunoglobulins were much more marked after immunization with pigeon or sheep erythrocytes. Greater differences between the two lines were noted in IgM and IgG levels than in IgA. Another remarkable finding was the presence of different immunoglobulin phenotypes in the two lines. The high responders were homozygous or heterozygous for heavy-chain linkage groups found separately in the prototype BALB/c and C57BL inbred strains. The low responders were homozygous for a heavy-chain linkage group not present in bred mice in the United States, but observed as a recombinant type among wild mice probably representing a crossover between the heavy-chain linkage groups of the prototype DBA/2 and NH inbred mice.
ETIOLOGY OF OPHTHALMIA IN THE NEW BORN.Read at a meeting of the Milwaukee Medical Society, February 14,1893.
Authors: H. V. WÜRDEMANN
Journal: JAMA (1893)

Much has been written upon the subject of ophthalmia in new born infants, especially as regards prevention and treatment. To the teachings of Credè, Valude and others may be ascribed the lessened percentage of cases following their methods of prophylaxis. Individual experience on any subject, however well established, is of value, but I will limit my remarks to the etiology of the conjunctivites of infants. In many children the edges of the eyelids are slightly red for a few days after birth, and there may be a little sticky secretion which disappears under simple means, as washing with lukewarm water and vaseline. This condition should give rise to no uneasiness on the part of the attendant, but of course the case should be watched. Some infants contract acute catarrhal conjunctivitis which differs but little from that in adults, and likewise, in a small proportion of cases, may pass into a
A Randomized Study of Lung Cancer Screening with Spiral Computed Tomography
Authors: Maurizio Infante, Silvio Cavuto, Fabio Romano Lutman, Giorgio Brambilla, Giuseppe Chiesa, Giovanni Ceresoli, Eliseo Passera, Enzo Angeli, Maurizio Chiarenza, Giuseppe Aranzulla, Umberto Cariboni, Valentina Errico, Francesco Inzirillo, Edoardo Bottoni, Emanuele Voulaz, Marco Alloisio, Anna Destro, Massimo Roncalli, Armando Santoro, Gianluigi Ravasi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONAPPENDIX: TRIAL METHODOLO...ReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Characterization of acute myeloid leukemia with PTPN11 mutation: the mutation is closely associated with NPM1 mutation but inversely related to FLT3/ITD
Authors: H-A Hou, W-C Chou, L-I Lin, C-Y Chen, J-L Tang, M-H Tseng, C-F Huang, R-J Chiou, F-Y Lee, M-C Liu, H-F Tien
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
2003 ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY, PHARMACOKINETICS, AND TOLERABILITY OF AZD7295, A NOVEL NS5A INHIBITOR, IN A PLACEBO-CONTROLLED MULTIPLE ASCENDING DOSE STUDY IN HCV GENOTYPE 1 AND 3 PATIENTS
Authors: E. Gane, G.R. Foster, J. Cianciara, C. Stedman, S. Ryder, M. Buti, E. Clark, D. Tait
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
thanks be for little things
Authors: Joseph Gascho
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Ad Libitum6 December 2011thanks be for little thingsJoseph Gascho, MDJoseph Gascho, MDFrom Hummelsville, PA 17036.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-11-201112060-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail like p wavestowered overby indispensableQRS complexesdwarfed by tailing T wavesbutwithout themat the top of the stepsyou'll swearyou've just climbedEverestwithout oxygenand if they goAWOLyou'll swallowwarfarinand if theydon't come backsome doctor may burnyour pulmonary veinsa sacrificepleading with p wavespleasecome homeJoseph Gascho, MDHummelsville, PA 17036 Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Hummelsville, PA 17036.Current Author Address: Joseph Gascho, MD, 500 University Avenue, Penn State Hershey School of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 December 2011Volume 155, Issue 11Page: 791KeywordsBurnsOxygenVeins ePublished: 6 December 2011 Issue Published: 6 December 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Benefits of Danazol Treatment in Patients With Hemophilia A (Classic Hemophilia)
Authors: Harvey R. Gralnick
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Danazol, an attenuated androgen, was given intermittently to three patients with hemophilia A. The rise in factor VIII activity with danazol treatment was associated with a fivefold decrease in hemorrhagic episodes and plasma concentrate product utilization when compared with similar periods without the drug. Four other patients with moderate hemophilia A who received danazol for 14 days had an increase of 400% to 850% in their factor VIII levels. Of four patients without detectable levels of factor VIII who were treated with danazol, two had elevations of the factor VIII level, to 3% and 4%, respectively. Danazol appears to be an effective treatment for patients with hemophilia A. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;253:1151-1153)
Congenital oesophageal achalasia in the dog
Authors: R. J. Earlam, P. E. Zollman, F. H. Ellis
Journal: Thorax (1967)

A 3-month-old German shepherd puppy with a congenitally dilated oesophagus had radiographic, cinefluoroscopic, and oesophageal motility studies before a modified Heller operation was performed. Subsequent examination of the oesophagus revealed no ganglion cells, and the condition was considered to be identical with human achalasia. In dogs, this appears to be more common in the German shepherd breed.
Intravenous Drug Abuse and One Academic Health Center
Authors: Peter E. Dans, Roseanne M. Matricciani, Sharon E. Otter, Daniel S. Reuland
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Increasing reports of management problems involving intravenous drug abuse patients prompted our study. From 1983 to 1988, the recorded inpatient prevalence of diagnoses consistent with drug abuse/dependence, other than alcohol or nicotine, rose hospitalwide from 0.6% to 3.5%. Disruptive behavior was documented in the records of 38 of 71 active cocaine or heroin users admitted during 1988 vs 12 of 64 matched control subjects. Care and teaching focused principally on secondary complications of intravenous drug use. Study recommendations included (1) establishment of a comprehensive substance abuse treatment education, and research program with a dedicated inpatient unit; (2) use of an explicit social contract between patients and care givers; and (3) staff education about legal limits in managing disruptive patients and searching for illegal substances. Primary and secondary prevention, including combating societal enabling of substance abuse, should be the institution's long-term goals.
Three-dimensional keconstruction of ventricular septal defects: Validation studies and in vivo feasibility
Authors: J.Miguel Rivera, Samuel C. Siu, Mark D. Handschumacher, Jean-Paul Lethor, J.Luis Guerrero, Gus J. Vlahakes, John D. Mitchell, Arthur E. Weyman, Mary Etta E. King, Robert A. Levine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Reading the Tea Leaves of Tumor-Mediated Immunosuppression
Authors: Rimas J. Orentas
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Polyphenol E, available as Polyphenon E, is a green tea extract whose activity can be benchmarked to the presence of specific catechins such as epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG). Herein, Polyphenon E is shown to reverse myeloid-derived suppressor cell activity, linking the activity of a natural product extract to cell-mediated immunity. Clin Cancer Res; 19(5); 955–7. ©2012 AACR.
New Indian visa rules exclude single people and gay couples from child surrogacy
Authors: M. Chaudhuri
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Single people and gay couples from outside India will no longer be able to seek a surrogate mother in India after new visa rules were issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs. Only couples who have been married for at least two years and are citizens of countries where surrogacy is legal will now be allowed to look for a woman in India to carry their child. 

The government said that the guidelines were tightened to secure the rights of surrogates and of the babies.

Surrogacy is banned in many countries, such as Germany, Japan, Sweden, the United States, parts of Australia, and Canada, meaning that children born to surrogate mothers in India are denied citizenship in those countries. Such babies may be abandoned and raised in orphanages. 

Gay marriage is not legal in …
More on Chewing the Fat
Authors: Frank M. Sacks, Walter W. Willett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

In the report by McMurry et al. in this issue of the Journal,1 native Mexicans who traditionally consume little fat were given a diet that, even by U.S. standards, was high in animal fat. Serum total cholesterol levels rose, but so did those of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol; the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol or of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to HDL cholesterol changed minimally. The reverse is often seen among patients who adopt a low-fat diet. In a typical example, total cholesterol may decrease markedly, from 260 to 210 mg per deciliter (6.7 to 5.4 mmol per liter), . . .
Itchy dermatitis from <i>Gynaikothrips ficorum March</i> in a family group
Authors: G. Piu, S. Ceccio, M. G. Garau, S. Melis, A. Palomba, M. Pautasso, F. Pittau, M. Ballero
Journal: Allergy (1992)

This study reports on the occurrence of an itchy dermatitis in all 4 adult members of a family, 2 men and 2 women, following infestation in the family environment with Gynaikothrips ficorum. The skin manifestations and the environmental study are described.