tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lymphoproliferative disorders after organ transplantation: a report of 24 cases observed in a single center.
Authors: V Leblond, L Sutton, R Dorent, F Davi, M O Bitker, J Gabarre, F Charlotte, J J Ghoussoub, C Fourcade, A Fischer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

Organ recipients are at a high risk of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) as a complication of immunosuppressive therapy. We report the incidence, clinical presentation, pathologic findings, treatment, and outcome for 24 cases of PTLD observed at our institution.Twenty-four (1.7%) of 1,385 organ transplant recipients developed PTLDs. Dosages of immunosuppressive drugs were reduced in 19 patients. Treatment consisted of anti-B-cell monoclonal antibodies (12 patients), and/or chemotherapy (eight patients), or surgery (two patients).The median time between grafting and the onset of PTLD was 210 days. Tumors were classified as monomorphic and polymorphic in nine and 15 cases, respectively. Three of 24 cases were of T-cell origin. Genotypic studies confirmed the monoclonality of the tumors in 11 cases among 14 PTLDs tested. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection was associated with 70% of B-cell PTLDs tested. The overall survival duration was 5 months. Ten patients are alive and disease-free with a median follow-up time of 37 months; most were treated with anti-B-cell antibodies. Two other patients died in complete remission of unrelated causes at 33 and 38 months.Anti-B-cell monoclonal antibody therapy seems to be effective in PTLD, even in monoclonal B-cell forms, but other approaches will be necessary to improve survival further.
Multicenter Phase II Study of Iodine-131 Tositumomab for Chemotherapy-Relapsed/Refractory Low-Grade and Transformed Low-Grade B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas
Authors: Julie M. Vose, Richard L. Wahl, Mansoor Saleh, Ama Z. Rohatiner, Susan J. Knox, John A. Radford, Andrew D. Zelenetz, George F. Tidmarsh, Robert J. Stagg, Mark S. Kaminski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: This multicenter phase II study evaluated the efficacy, dosimetry methodology, and safety of iodine-131 tositumomab in patients with chemotherapy-relapsed/refractory low-grade or transformed low-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients received a dosimetric dose that consisted of 450 mg of anti-B1 antibody followed by 35 mg (5 mCi) of iodine-131 tositumomab. Serial total-body gamma counts were then obtained to calculate the patient-specific millicurie activity required to deliver the therapeutic dose. A therapeutic dose of 75 cGy total-body dose (attenuated to 65 cGy in patients with platelet counts of 101,000 to 149,000 cells/mm 3 ) was given 7 to 14 days after the dosimetric dose. RESULTS: Forty-five of 47 patients were treated with a single dosimetric and therapeutic dose. Twenty-seven patients (57%) had a response. The response rate was similar in patients with low-grade (57%) or transformed low-grade (60%) NHL. The median duration of response was 9.9 months. Fifteen patients (32%) achieved a complete response (CR; 10 CRs and five clinical CRs), including five patients (50%) with transformed low-grade NHL. The median duration of CR was 19.9 months, and six patients have an ongoing CR. Treatment was well tolerated, with the principal toxicity being hematologic. The most common nonhematologic toxicities that were considered to be possibly related to the treatment included mild to moderate fatigue (32%), nausea (30%), fever (26%), vomiting (15%), infection (13%), pruritus (13%), and rash (13%). Additionally, one patient developed human-antimouse antibodies. CONCLUSION: Iodine-131 tositumomab produced a high overall response rate, and approximately one third of patients had a CR despite having chemotherapy-relapsed or refractory low-grade or transformed low-grade NHL.
Effect of Repeated Injections of Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic Acid on Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Authors: Isabelle Martelly, Pierre Jullien
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Effect of Repeated Injections of Polyriboinosinic-Polyribocytidylic Acid on Mouse Hematopoietic Stem Cells Get access Isabelle Martelly, Isabelle Martelly 2Unité de Physiologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut du Radium, Batiment 110, Faculté des Sciences, 94105 Orsay, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pierre Jullien Pierre Jullien 2Unité de Physiologie Cellulaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut du Radium, Batiment 110, Faculté des Sciences, 94105 Orsay, France. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 4, October 1974, Pages 1021–1025, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.4.1021 Published: 01 October 1974 Article history Received: 22 February 1974 Accepted: 24 June 1974 Published: 01 October 1974
Abstract 17270: Discovery and Characterization of a Novel Transcription Factor for Endothelial Cell Development and Lineage Specification
Authors: Gianfranco Matrone, Xiao Yu Tian, Wing Tak Wong, John P Cooke
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: We have developed bi-species heterokaryons [generated by fusion of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC) and human endothelial cells (hEC)] as a model system for discovery of novel factors required for endothelial lineage. Our preliminary RNAseq data suggests that the determinants of endothelial phenotype in the hEC act on the mESC to recapitulate endothelial ontogeny. Furthermore, novel transcription factors in endothelial specification were implicated, such as POU domain-containing transcription factor (POU3F2), also called BRN2 or N-Oct3. This study assessed the role of POU3F2 in the endothelial cell differentiation and in the zebrafish vascular development. Methods and Results: We used mESC to study differentiation towards endothelial lineage. EC differentiation was induced by culture of mESC with growth factors (VEGF, bFGF and BMP4). POU3F2 loss-of-function was induced by lentiviral shRNA in mESCs. FACS was used to analyse cell lineage. Tg(Fli1:eGFP) zebrafish embryos were used to analyse vas...
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Helps Prevent Late Remodeling After Left Ventricular Aneurysm Repair in Rats
Authors: Takuya Nomoto, Takeshi Nishina, Senri Miwa, Hiroshi Tsuneyoshi, Izumi Maruyama, Kazunobu Nishimura, Masashi Komeda
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background We reported in a previous study that the initial effects of left ventricular (LV) repair (LVR) for LV aneurysm were not long lasting. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE-I) is known to attenuate remodeling after myocardial infarction, and could be effective after LVR. Methods and Results Left ventricular aneurysms were developed in rats after left anterior descending artery ligation. Rats were divided into 3 groups: sham operation with ACE-I (lisinopril 10 mg/kg/d) (n=10; group A), LVR (by plicating the LV aneurysm) with placebo (n=8; group R), and LVR with ACE-I (n=10; group RA). LV function was evaluated by echocardiography and catheterization. Oxidative stress in the myocardium was estimated by immunohistochemistry for 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine. One week after LVR, LV end-diastolic area was smaller and fractional area change was better in the 2 LVR groups. Four weeks after LVR, LV end-diastolic area, and fractional area change deteriorated in group R but not so much in group RA; E-max was higher in group RA (0.79±0.20 mm Hg/mL) than in groups A (0.25±0.03 mm Hg/mL; P &lt;0.01) and group R (0.27±0.03 mm Hg/mL; P &lt;0.01). Oxidative stress was much lower in the 2 ACE-I groups. Conclusions LVR improved LV size and systolic function only in the early phase. Adjuvant use of ACE-I was useful for preventing redilation and maintaining LV systolic function, was associated with suppressed oxidative stress, and may make LVR a more effective surgical procedure for LV aneurysm.
Chromosome Pulverization in Human Cells With Micronuclei&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Hatao Kato, Avery A. Sandberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

Journal Article Chromosome Pulverization in Human Cells With Micronuclei Get access Hatao Kato, Hatao Kato Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14203 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Avery A. Sandberg Avery A. Sandberg Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14203 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 40, Issue 1, January 1968, Pages 165–179, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/40.1.165 Published: 01 January 1968 Article history Received: 23 June 1967 Accepted: 09 August 1967 Published: 01 January 1968
Lovastatin modulates in vivo and in vitro the plasminogen activator/plasmin system of rat proximal tubular cells
Authors: M Essig, F Vrtovsnik, G Nguyen, J D Sraer, G Friedlander
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)

Interstitial fibrosis is one of the most deleterious events during the progression of renal deterioration after renal mass reduction. In vivo, hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA reductase inhibitors (HRI) were shown to reduce progression of glomerulosclerosis, but the mechanisms are still unclear. The present study investigates, in vivo, whether lovastatin, a potent HRI, was able to modulate the plasminogen-plasmin pathway, one of the most efficient systems involved in extracellular matrix remodeling, and characterizes in vitro the cellular mechanisms of these effects. Proximal tubules freshly isolated from rats treated for 2 d with lovastatin (4 mg/kg per d) showed increased tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase (uPA) activities and antigens. Incubation with lovastatin (5 microM) of proximal tubules isolated from untreated rats induced an increase in tPA and uPA and a decrease in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activities. In vitro, supernatants, cytosols, and membranes of renal proximal tubular cells in primary cultures had no detectable uPA activity, and lovastatin (0.1 to 10 microM) induced an increase in tPA and a decrease in PAI-1 activities and antigens. These effects were reversed by mevalonate and geranylgeranyl-pyrophosphate (GGPP) but not by farnesyl-pyrophosphate or LDL cholesterol. C3 exoenzyme, an inhibitor of the geranylgeranylated-activated Rho protein, reproduced the effect of lovastatin on tPA and PAI- activity and blocked its reversion by GGPP. The effect of lovastatin was associated with a disruption of cellular actin stress fibers, which was reversed by GGPP and reproduced by C3 exoenzyme. In conclusion, HRI can modify the fibrinolytic potential of proximal tubules, most likely via inhibition of geranylgeranylated Rho protein and disruption of the cytoskeleton. The resulting increase of proteolytic activity of tubular cells may serve to prevent extracellular matrix deposition and renal interstitial fibrosis.
Diagnostic imaging of parapneumonic effusion in children: Radiography versus sonography
Authors: Mattia Guerra, Giovanni Crichiutti, Anna Pusiol, Angelo Rosolen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Although lung ultrasound (LUS) has shown high diagnostic accuracy in detecting pleural fluid collections, its role in the work-up of parapneumonic effusion in children is not well established. LUS should be used to confirm the presence of a pleural effusion (evidence level III or IV) or to guide thoracocentesis and drain placement. [1]     Aim   To assess the reliability of chest X-ray (CXR) versus LUS to detect parapneumonic effusion in a paediatric emergency room (ER); to determine the prevalence of pleural effusion in moderate to severe community acquired pneumonia (CAP).    Methods   In this 4-year retrospective study inclusion criteria were: age (2-16years), evidence of CAP on CXR, a clinical severity assessment at first ER evaluation consistent with moderate to severe disease [2] , CXR in standing position and bedside LUS at the time of ER admission.    Results   A total of 172 moderate to severe CAP cases were enrolled (mean age 5±2.9). In 105 (61%) cases a double view CXR was performed. A pleural effusion at ER presentation was identified by LUS in 63/172 cases. Only 35 effusions were shown by CXR, eight of which not confirmed by LUS. Sensitivity and specificity of CXR in upright position compared to LUS in detecting pleural effusion was 43% and 92%, respectively.    Conclusions   Bedside LUS could be adopted by the clinician as a reliable tool in the management of pleural infection. In paediatric age up to 36 % of moderate to severe CAP revealed an associated pleural effusion, although in most cases represented by small amount of anechoic fluid collection (exudative stage).  [1]Balfour-Lynn IM et al. Thorax 2005;60:1-21  [2]Harris M et al. Thorax 2011;66:1-23.
Breathing exercises for cardiac surgery patients - A national survey of clinical practice
Authors: Elisabeth Westerdahl, Monika Fagevik Olsén
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

There are differences in routines regarding recommendations of breathing exercises for cardiac surgery patients around the world. To date, no surveys of the use of breathing exercises for cardiac surgery patients in Europe have been performed.  The aim of this national survey was to determine current practice of chest physiotherapy and breathing exercises for cardiac surgery patients in Sweden.  A total population sample was identified and postal questionnaires were sent to the 33 physiotherapists working at the departments of thoracic surgery in Sweden. Structured and open-ended questions were asked about the routine care of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Results: In total, 29 replies were received. All physiotherapists instructed the patients to perform postoperative breathing exercises hourly, on a regular basis. Positive expiratory pressure device breathing was routinely used as first choice treatment by 83% of the physiotherapists. Instruction how to perform the breathing exercises as well as the frequency and duration of exercises differed between physiotherapists. Recommendation to continue breathing exercises after discharge was given by 66% of the physiotherapists, but how long the patients were recommended to continue the breathing exercises varied from 1 to 3 months.  This survey provides an initial insight into chest physiotherapy management in Sweden. The routine use of breathing exercises is universal during the first postoperative days, but choice of breathing exercises and number of treatment sessions given vary. Comparison with treatment regimens in other countries is warranted to improve the postoperative management of the cardiac surgery patient.
Combination of the Immune Modulator Fingolimod With Alteplase in Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Zilong Zhu, Ying Fu, Decai Tian, Na Sun, Wei Han, Guoqiang Chang, Yinhua Dong, Xiaolin Xu, Qiang Liu, DeRen Huang, Fu-Dong Shi
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Inflammatory and immune responses triggered by brain ischemia worsen clinical outcomes of stroke and contribute to hemorrhagic transformation, massive edema, and reperfusion injury associated with intravenous alteplase. We assessed whether a combination of the immune-modulator fingolimod and alteplase is safe and effective in attenuating reperfusion injury in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated within the first 4.5 hours of symptom onset.In this multicenter trial, we randomly assigned 25 eligible patients with hemispheric ischemic stroke stemming from anterior or middle cerebral arterial occlusion to receive alteplase alone and 22 patients to receive alteplase plus oral fingolimod 0.5 mg daily for 3 consecutive days within 4.5 hours of the onset of ischemic stroke. Compared with patients who received alteplase alone, patients who received the combination of fingolimod with alteplase exhibited lower circulating lymphocytes, smaller lesion volumes (10.1 versus 34.3 mL; P=0.04), less hemorrhage (1.2 versus 4.4 mL; P=0.01), and attenuated neurological deficits in National Institute of Health Stroke Scales (4 versus 2; P=0.02) at day 1. Furthermore, restrained lesion growth from day 1 to 7 (-2.3 versus 12.1 mL; P<0.01) with a better recovery at day 90 (modified Rankin Scale score 0-1, 73% versus 32%; P<0.01) was evident in patients given fingolimod and alteplase. No serious adverse events were recorded in all patients.In this pilot study, combination therapy of fingolimod and alteplase was well tolerated, attenuated reperfusion injury, and improved clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. These findings need to be tested in further clinical trials.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT02002390.
The gut microbiota and mucosal homeostasis
Authors: Sahar El Aidy, Guido Hooiveld, Valentina Tremaroli, Fredrik Bäckhed, Michiel Kleerebezem
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

The intimate interplay between the gut microbiota and the host may contribute to health and disease in the host. Experiments using conventionalized and conventionally raised animal models have illustrated the role of the intestinal microbiota in shaping and maintaining the host immune system. However, it is still unclear whether colonization at birth or at adulthood induces different host responses. Here, we perform comparative transcriptome analyses to elucidate the impact of the gut microbiota on the development and maintenance of the immune system in adult conventionalized (after 16 and 30 days of colonization) and conventionally raised mice, which were obtained in two independent laboratories. Transcriptional profiles of jejunum, ileum and colon were compared between germfree, conventionally raised mice and conventionalized mice. Germfree mice from the two different facilities clustered together, establishing the validity of the comparative analysis. Nevertheless, significant spatial differences were detected along the gut; the jejunum and colon exhibited a transient response (conventionalized mice) that eventually returned to a homeostatic level (conventionally raised). In contrast, the ileal response to microbiota was similar in conventionalized and conventionally raised mice. Overall, this comparative analysis supports the hypothesis that co-development of the gut microbiota and its host initiates at early stage of development and indicates that despite the achieved homeostasis, immune development is substantially different in mice conventionalized in adulthood. These findings imply that colonization during development is required to meet the window of opportunity where the gut microbiota can imprint the host's mucosal immune-homeostasis in a way that cannot be achieved at later stages in life.
Heterotransplantation of Human Malignant Melanoma Cell Lines in Athymic Nude Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: T Kanzaki, K Hashimoto, D W Bath
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Four human malignant melanoma cell lines (KHm1, KHm-3, KHm-5, and KHm-6) were established in vitro. Cell morphology of original tumors in humans was varied: epithelioid in the parent tumors of KHm-1 and KHm-3, spindle shaped in KHm5, and mixed In KHm-6. When these tumors were cultured, each uncloned cell line showed a wide variety of cell morphologies, but each clone had cells of a specific morphology, i.e., uniformly dendritic (KHm-1/1), spindle shaped (KHm-1/1II, KHm-1/IV, KHm3/ sp, and KHm-5/12M), or epithelioid (KHm-3/ep). In total, 71 tumors were produced in BALB/c athym.lc nude mice after sc or ip inoculation of 1-3X108 cloned or uncloned cells. Histologically, 56 tumors had epithelioid, 10 spindle-shaped, and 5 mixed cell types. All 56 epithelioid cell melanomas originated from cell lines (KHm-1 and KHm-3) that had been derived from epithelioid cell melanomas, all 10 spindle-shaped cell melanomas were derived from a cell line (KHm-5) that had been established from a spindle-shaped cell melanoma, and all 5 mixed cell type melanomas originated from a cell line (KHm-6) that had been derived from a mixed cell type melanoma. The site of inoculation and the cell morphology in vitro had no bearing on cell morphology in vivo. Chromosome analysis showed that heterotransplanted human cells did not hybridize with mouse cells. These results suggest that 1) cell morphology in vitro is not correlated with that in vivo and vice versa, and 2) tumor cell morphology in mice strictly depends upon the original cell morphology In humans.
Right ventricular diastolic stiffness in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Silvia Rain, Taco Kind, Louis Handoko, Bart Boerrigter, Nicolaas Westerhof, Jolanda van der Velden, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf, Frances de Man
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH) is a fatal disease with grim prognosis due to subsequent development of right heart failure (RHF). Findings in experimental pulmonary hypertension models suggest RHF is associated with increased diastolic stiffness.   Objective:  This study investigates whether right ventricle (RV) diastolic stiffness is increased in iPAH patients.   Methods:  Right heart catheterization (RHC) and MRI were performed in 28 patients suspected with iPAH. Based on pulmonary artery pressure, patients were divided into controls (7) and iPAH (21). Diastolic elastance (diastolic stiffness), was quantified by the slope of diastolic pressure-volume relation, constructed by plotting RV end-systolic volumes and begin-diastolic pressures against RV end-diastolic volumes and end-diastolic pressures. Subsequently, we investigated whether diastolic elastance was associated with disease severity by comparing patients with lower RV stoke volumes (RVSV) and patients with higher RVSV.   Results:  Diastolic elastance was significantly altered in iPAH (iPAH 0.25±0.04 vs. Con 0.07±0.006, p=0.024). In addition, patients with lower RVSV had significantly higher diastolic elastance (LowSV0.38±0.05 vs HighSV 0.114±0.02).   Conclusion:  This study demonstrates that RV diastolic stiffness is increased in iPAH-patients and is associated with disease severity. In future studies we will investigate the prognostic relevance of these changes.