tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes of Estrogen Receptor-Negative and Progesterone Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer.
Authors: S. Kang, Y. Jeon, C. Kim, Y. Cho, S. Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Backgrounds: Invasive breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor positive (ER+) or progesterone receptor positive (PR+) tumors are treated by similar treatment strategies. Yet the prognosis of ER-PR+ tumor is currently controversial. The aims of this study were to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics and the prognosis of patients with ER-PR+ breast cancer.Materials and Methods: 1570 patients who underwent an operation for stage I-III breast cancer from January 1995 to December 2005 were included in this study. The patients were stratified according to the ER/PR phenotype and our study focused on the ER-PR+ phenotype. The clinicopathologic characteristics and the prognosis of patients with the ER-PR+ phenotype were compared with those of the patients with ER+ (ER+PR- or ER+PR+) breast cancer.Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 47.1 years (age range: 20-88) and the mean follow-up was 65.2 months. The hormone receptor phenotype was “ER-PR+” in 75 cases (4.8%) and “ER+ (ER+PR+ or ER+PR-) in 917 cases (58.4%). A patient age &amp;lt; 35 (p=0.002), a high histologic grade (p=0.004) and C-cerbB2 over-expression (p=0.006) were more frequent for the patients with the ER-PR+ tumors. There was a significant difference between the two groups for the mean age (p&amp;lt;0.001), but there was no difference in the nodal status, the tumor size and the presence of vascular invasion. The 5 year and 10 year disease-free survival (DFS) rates of the ER-PR+ group were 67.2% and 55.3%, respectively, and those of the ER+ group were 84.9% and 73.1%, respectively (p &amp;lt;0.001). The 5 year and 10 year overall survival (OS) of the ER-PR+ group were 82.4% and 62.6%, respectively, and those of the ER+ group were 93.4% and 83.3%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups for the OS (p =0.001).Conclusion: ER-PR+ tumors have more aggressive clinicopathologic features than ER+ tumors for the patient age, the tumor grade and the presence of C-erbB2 overexpression. Furthermore, ER-PR+ tumors showed a worse prognosis than did the ER+ tumors. Consequently, the treatment modality and the prognosis of the patients with ER-PR+ tumors probably need to be altered from those of the patients with ER+ tumors. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4054.
Microbial flora in carcinoma of oesophagus.
Authors: I G Finlay, P A Wright, T Menzies, C S McArdle
Journal: Thorax (1982)

The microbial flora associated with carcinoma of the oesophagus was studied in 12 patients. Oesophageal mucosa was biopsied at thoracotomy and cultured under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. A heavy mixed growth of aerobic and anaerobic organisms was obtained in all patients. One-third of isolates were anaerobic. The flora was of oral origin. The most appropriate antibiotic combination in this study was ampicillin or penicillin with gentamicin and metronidazole.
The death of Dylan Thomas: a conspiracy theory
Authors: T. Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The idea of the “poete maudit”—the cursed poet—who drinks, drugs, and misbehaves his way to an early grave is one that is now deeply engraved on our consciousness. Of course, nowadays there are a lot of maudits who are by no means poetes: and where everyone is a bohemian, no one is. But still the image lives on.

Dylan Thomas (1914-53) was a perfect poete maudit. He spent much of his short life in dark bars, inhaling smoke and imbibing beer, often at other people’s expense. Until I read David N Thomas’s book Fatal Neglect: Who Killed Dylan Thomas? I (like most people) had always assumed …
A Fatal Complication of Noninvasive Ventilation
Authors: Noah Lechtzin, Charles M. Weiner, Lora Clawson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

To the Editor: Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation is widely used in patients with chronic respiratory failure due to neuromuscular diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.1 Noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation can be used intermittently, the equipment is portable, and ventilation does not interfere with eating and speaking. It is considered safe, and most problems that occur are related to the fit of the mask and the risk of aspiration pneumonitis.2 We describe a complication we have not previously seen reported. The patient was a previously healthy 53-year-old man with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis who was started on nocturnal noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (inspiratory pressure, 10 . . .
CD19-independent instruction of murine marginal zone B-cell development by constitutive Notch2 signaling
Authors: Franziska Hampel, Stefanie Ehrenberg, Caroline Hojer, Anne Draeseke, Gabriele Marschall-Schröter, Ralf Kühn, Brigitte Mack, Olivier Gires, Christoph J. Vahl, Marc Schmidt-Supprian, Lothar J. Strobl, Ursula Zimber-Strobl
Journal: Blood (2011)
Maternal IgG1 and IgA antibody to V3 loop consensus sequence and maternal-infant HIV-1 transmission
Authors: R.B. Markham, J. Gomez, N.A. Halsey, J. Coberly, Aj Ruff, E. Holt, D. Hoover, T.C. Quinn, J. Desormeaux, R. Boulos
Journal: The Lancet (1994)

Maternal-infant transmission of HIV-1 occurs in 13-40% of pregnancies. Studies on transmission of maternal immunity to HIV antigens have used antigens from viruses not representative of clinical isolates and have been conflicting. Using a consensus peptide sequence based on HIV isolates found in Haiti, we found that Haitian mothers who transmitted infection to their offspring had significantly higher mean concentrations of IgG1 antibodies to the V3 loop of the primary neutralising domain of the viral envelope (gp 160) than non-transmitters (p = 0.02). Concentrations of IgA antibody to this domain were similar in transmitters and non-transmitters.
Shared monocyte subset phenotypes in HIV-1 infection and in uninfected subjects with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Nicholas T. Funderburg, David A. Zidar, Carey Shive, Anthony Lioi, Joseph Mudd, Laura W. Musselwhite, Daniel I. Simon, Marco A. Costa, Benigno Rodriguez, Scott F. Sieg, Michael M. Lederman
Journal: Blood (2012)
INSULIN TREATMENT WITHOUT BLOOD SUGAR ESTIMATIONS
Authors: A. Innes
Journal: BMJ (1924)

Progress ofthe Case. a week's " ladder diet," and after this to resume the insulin injections.The results of this method were as follows June 13th.Fasting.Sugar all day.June 14th.Fasting.Sugar cleared in the evening.June 15th.Carbohydrate 10, protein 4, fat 3-calories 83.No sugar.Junie 16th.Carbolhydrate 16
Clinical Course of Patients with Normal, and Slightly or Moderately Abnormal Coronary Arteriograms
Authors: ALBERT V. G. BRUSCHKE, WILLIAM L. PROUDFIT, F. MASON SONES
Journal: Circulation (1973)

In a series of 500 patients who had normal coronary arteriograms or narrowings &lt; 50% of the lumen diameter the subsequent clinical course was studied. The minimum follow-up period was 5 years. In 342 patients with entirely normal coronary arteriograms there were only two (0.6%) presumed cardiac deaths and three (0.9%) acute myocardial infarctions within 5 years; both incidences are about half the expected rates in the average unselected population of the United States matched by sex and age. In 101 patients with mild abnomalities (&lt;30% narrowing of the lumen diameter) the prognosis was less good than in the normal group but still better than in the average population. In 57 patients with moderate abnormalities (30 to less than 50% narrowing) there were three (5.3%) presumed cardiac deaths and two (3.5%) myocardial infarctions within 5 years; both incidences are higher than in the average population. Serial arteriograms were made in 20 cases and showed progression of the disease in the majority of cases with moderate narrowings, but progression or development of narrowings in only one of the cases with normal arteries or mild narrowings. Other determinants included in this study appeared to have limited predictive value regarding the clinical course. It is concluded that the coronary arteriogram contains major predictive information. Normal findings indicate an excellent prognosis regardless of other diagnostic parameters; moderate abnormalities indicate the early phase of an essentially progressive disease.
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to hepatitis C (non-A, non-B hepatitis) virus
Authors: C. Agius, G. Garcia, B. Tupper, E. Malka, D. Schroer, A.V. Le, P. Kranledat, M. Nelles, R. Dinello, S. Quan, D. Chien, A. Polito, Q-L. Choo, G. Kuo, M. Houghton
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1989)
INTRACORONARY STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: A METAANALYSIS OF RANDOMIZED TRIALS
Authors: Param Puneet Singh, Sasikanth Adigopula, Mukesh Singh, Vamsi Kodumuri, Rohit Arora, Sandeep Khosla
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
In vivo molecular imaging with cetuximab, an anti-EGFR antibody, for prediction of response in xenograft models of human colorectal cancer
Authors: M. Goetz, M. Hoetker, M. Diken, P. Galle, R. Kiesslich
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> Molecular imaging has mainly been studied for detection of lesions using diagnostic probes. The aim of the current trial was to evaluate in vivo confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) with cetuximab, an antibody targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), for detection and moreover early prediction of response to molecular chemotherapy in models of human colorectal cancer (CRC). <b>Methods:</b> Xenografts with cetuximab-sensitive (HT29) and cetuximab-resistant (SW620) human CRC cell lines were induced in 44 mice. CLE was performed 48 h after injection of a fluorescently labelled cetuximab test dose, and compared with isotype antibody or untreated controls on d0, and d30 (HT29) or d15 (SW620). Initial fluorescence intensity was examined in relation to clinical readouts (tumor growth, thriving, mortality) during cetuximab treatment vs. controls. Results were validated in vivo with wide-field molecular imaging in three HT29 mice and ex vivo using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and immunohistochemistry. <b>Results:</b> All HT29 xenografts showed specific fluorescence in vivo after cetuximab injection on d0 and d30. Fluorescence at d0 was significantly stronger in cetuximab-treated HT29 tumors than in HT29 controls (<i>P</i> = 0.0017) or cetuximab-treated SW620 tumors (<i>P</i> = 0.0027), and accorded with significantly slower tumor progression (<i>P</i> = 0.0009), better overall survival (<i>P</i> = 0.02), and better physical condition (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). Cetuximab sensitivity could be predicted from fluorescence intensity at d0 with high positive predictive value. <b>Conclusions:</b> Molecular CLE was for the first time linked to early prediction of response to targeted therapy in models of human CRC. Therapeutic antibodies can be used as molecular beacons in CLE and wide-field techniques. These results may indicate a promising principle for early patient stratification.
TI-201 Uptake in Recurrent Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis: Correlation with Three-phase Bone Imaging
Authors: C CALUSER, J HEALEY, H MACAPINLAC, L KOSTAKOGLU, H M ABDEL-DAYEM, S M LARSON, S D J YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

T1–201 imaging followed by three-phase bone imaging with Tc-99m MDP in this patient identified a thallium-avid hypervascular soft tissue mass between the prosthetic metallic surfaces of the right knee that proved on histologic examination to be recurrent pigmented villonodular synovitis. This may be first reported case of thallium uptake in pigmented villonodular synovitis.
Ablation of the atrioventricular junction with radiofrequency energy: Improved results with a new electrode catheter
Authors: Jonmathan J. Langberg, Michael C. Chin, Michael A. Lee, David J. Schamp, David N. Pederson, Jeffery Goldberger, Michael D. Lesh, Jerry C. Griffin, Melvin M. Scheinman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Inguinal and Scrotal Lesion
Authors: Tiffany N. S. Ballard, Jeffrey S. Montgomery, Jeffrey H. Kozlow
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

A man in his 60s presented for further evaluation of a right inguinal and scrotal lesion (Figure 1). The rash initially started4years prior as adime-sized, pink, scaly area in the right inguinal crease andwas pruritic. Results of a biopsy at the timewere consistentwith lichen simplex chronicus, and treatment with topical steroids was initiated. Since then, the rash had failed to resolve and theaffectedareahad increased in size to itspresent dimensions. The patient had a history of prostate cancer treatedwithprostatectomy4yearspreviouslywithoutevidenceof recurrenceandmelanoma of the posterior neck treated with wide local excision, in addition to non–insulindependentdiabetesmellitus andhyperlipidemia controlledwithoralmedications.Hedoes not smoke and has been in amonogamousmarriage for more than 30 years. Examination revealedamultifocal scaly, pink-redbeefyplaque in the right inguinal creaseextending from the superior aspect of the scrotumto thegluteal creasemeasuring approximately6 × 7 cm in total areawith someareasof excoriationandsuperficial openwounds.Anadditional area ofmacular erythemaextendedsuperiorly along the inguinal crease toward themedial thigh. No lymphadenopathy of the inguinal region was noted. Quiz at jamaoncology.com Figure 1. Clinical photograph of a right inguinal and scrotal lesion.
Effect of Altering Filling Pattern on Diastolic Pressure-Volume Curve
Authors: Thomas J. Fraites, Akio Saeki, David A. Kass
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The early-to-late ventricular filling ratio (E:A) is widely used to index diastolic function. While filling patterns reflect diastolic properties, they can also modulate chamber pressures due to myocardial viscoelasticity. We hypothesized that such feedback can potentially temper effects of delayed relaxation and/or volume loading on diastolic pressures. Methods and Results Six isolated blood-perfused canine left ventricles were studied with ejection and filling controlled by an intracavitary volume servo-pump. Diastolic filling was determined by a simulated atrial pressure source that was either constant or varied to yield dual-phase filling at a specified E:A ratio. E:A ratio was randomly set to 3:1, 1:3, or 1:1, and data were recorded at each ratio at three different preloads. With principally early filling (E:A=3:1), diastolic pressure rise from viscosity increased in proportion with the relaxation time constant ( r =.91, P &lt;.0001). However, this dependence was lost as E:A ratio declined (eg, P =.63 for E:A 1:3). Furthermore, E:A=3:1 yielded 37% to 50% lower end-diastolic pressures at similar volumes (versus E:A=1:3) as initial viscous forces decayed. Offsetting early and late filling effects led to little net change in mean diastolic pressure independent of E:A ratio or preload. Conclusions Diastolic filling pattern itself influences chamber pressures early and late in diastole due to viscoelasticity, with larger net effects on end-diastolic pressure. Since E:A ratio normally falls with delayed relaxation but rises with higher preload or reduced compliance, the present results suggest that changes in filling pattern may modulate direct effects of such factors on elevating diastolic pressure.
Right Bundle-Branch Block. Hemodynamic, Vectorcardiographic and Electrocardiographic Observations
Authors: EUGENE BRAUNWALD, EPHRAIM DONOSO, SAMUEL O. SAPIN, ARTHUR GRISHMAN
Journal: Circulation (1956)

The time intervals between the onset of ventricular depolarization and of right ventricular contraction were studied in 36 patients, by means of cardiac catheterization, and were correlated with their vectorcardiograms and electrocardiograms. The onset of right ventricular contraction was delayed in six subjects without heart disease but with the electrocardiographic picture of right bundle-branch block. The onset of right ventricular contraction was found to be normal in 10 of 15 patients with right ventricular hypertrophy with the electrocardiographic picture of right bundle branch block. This indicates that this electrocardiographic configuration is not necessarily accompanied by delayed right ventricular contraction.
Vesiculobullous Diseases With Prominent Immunologic Features
Authors: Erin E. Boh
Journal: JAMA (1992)

It may be very difficult to differentiate between the many bullous skin diseases. Clinical presentation and age of onset can sometimes be helpful. Consultation with a dermatologist may facilitate diagnosis and treatment. More often, information from skin biopsy and immunofluorescent studies, such as DIF, IIF, or split-skin DIF or IIF, is required to make the diagnosis. It is hoped that current investigative studies will elucidate the role of immunoreactants found within the dermoepidermal basement membrane zone in the pathogenesis of these blistering diseases.
In Vivo Detection of Embryonic Stem Cell–Derived Cardiovascular Progenitor Cells Using Cy3-Labeled Gadofluorine M in Murine Myocardium
Authors: Eric D. Adler, Anne Bystrup, Karen C. Briley-Saebo, Venkatesh Mani, Wilson Young, Steven Giovanonne, Perry Altman, Steven J. Kattman, Joseph A. Frank, Hans J. Weinmann, Gordon M. Keller, Zahi A. Fayad
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
"CAUSATIVE FACTORS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC EMPYEMA"
Authors: Carl A. Hedblom
Journal: JAMA (1923)

To the Editor:  —In my article inThe JournalSept. 22, 1923, page 999, on Causative Factors and Treatment of Chronic Empyema, it is stated that sodium hypochlorite  was employed. The solution employed was Surgical Solution of Chlorinated Soda N. N. R. (Solution Chlorinated Soda, Carrel-Dakin). It was prepared by diluting Hyclorite with seven volumes (7 to 1) of water. The strongly alkaline solution of chlorinated soda U. S. P. is too irritating for the purposes I described.
Birth Hazard of the Second Twin
Authors: Grace Wyshak, Colin White
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IN THE COURSE of reviewing the literature on the survival of twins, the writers have been struck by a fact on which Camilleri<sup>1</sup>and Tow<sup>2</sup>have also recently commented, namely, that the total evidence available indicates a much higher risk to the second twin than most authors appear to have conceded. In only two of the studies listed in the table does the absolute number of deaths for the first twin exceed those for the second—Aaron et al<sup>3</sup>and Romanowski.<sup>4</sup> It is suggested that the claim of no higher risk for the second twin arises from conclusions based on a small series of cases where results, though in the direction of greater risk for the second twin, arenot striking or statistically significant. For example, Potter and Crunden<sup>5</sup>report "... second twin... no increase in birth hazard"; Bender,<sup>6</sup>"labour... no extra hazard for second..."; Ross
Colonic Mass
Authors: Stanley P. Bohrer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>Dr. Nathan T. Griscom:</h3> A 75-year-old male entered the Massachusetts General Hospital with a chief complaint of abdominal pain and vomiting. One month before his admission, pains developed after eating, and for seven days prior to admission he had no bowel movements and passed no gas per rectum. He vomited occasionally thereafter and suffered increasing crampy pain in the right upper quadrant of his abdomen. On physical examination his abdomen was tympanitic and slightly distended. Vital signs were normal. Stools were negative for blood. <h3>Discussion</h3><h3>Dr. Stanley M. Wyman:</h3> There is a mass in the lower abdomen with a rim of gas around it. This can best be seen in the anteroposterior view (Figure), and faintly in the lateral view. I would think we are outlining a tumor in the transverse colon by air. <h3>Dr. Joseph Hanelin:</h3> My immediate impression was that there might be a volvulus. There is no
Acute Stress–induced Increases in Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Asthma and Their Association with Endogenous Cortisol
Authors: Thomas Ritz, Erica S. Ayala, Ana F. Trueba, Charles D. Vance, Richard J. Auchus
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

psychosocial stress is known to influence the pathophysiology of asthma. Although stress has been linked to serum markers of inflammatory activity and exaggerated response to allergen challenge in asthma, few studies have examined inflammatory activity in the airways linked to psychosocial stress alone. Furthermore, although studies have demonstrated lower levels or reactivity of endogenous cortisol in asthma, the association with airway inflammatory activity in stress remains unexplored.we therefore studied airway inflammation and cortisol response to a standardized laboratory task inducing acute psychosocial stress.airway inflammation by the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and saliva cortisol were sampled before and up to 45 minutes after experimental challenge with the Trier Social Stress Test in 20 adult patients with asthma and 19 healthy control subjects. Respiratory inductive plethysmography was used to control for changes in ventilatory activity that impact FeNO levels.FeNO levels were generally higher in patients with asthma than healthy control subjects and salivary cortisol levels were lower. Increases in cortisol levels were observed after the stress protocol in both groups (P < 0.001). FeNO levels at the time of peak cortisol increase after stress were significantly higher than before stress in both groups (P < 0.05). FeNO increases were independent of changes in ventilation. In patients with asthma, higher cortisol levels and stronger increases in cortisol after stress were significantly associated with smaller increases in FeNO (P < 0.05).acute psychosocial stress alone increases airway inflammatory markers and this increase is attenuated by stronger stress-related activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in asthma.
Ureteral Obstruction Due to Idiopathic Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Howard B. Simon
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis causing ureteral obstruction is a relatively uncommon clinical entity. The various etiological theories have not satisfied all cases. Thirty-four previously recorded cases are here reviewed and a new case is added. The disease is more common in males and usually bilateral. It presents no characteristic clinical picture. Diagnosis is suggested by urographic findings but confirmed only at surgical exploration. Preoperative exclusion of other possible causes of ureteral obstruction is usually impossible. In the present case, that of a 44-year-old woman, the ureter was dissected free and its function restored; after that the entire fibrotic mass was excised, although this has not generally been found possible or necessary. Best results have been obtained by ureterolysis, preceded by nephrostomy in selected cases.