tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induced pluripotent stem cells: A novel frontier in the study of human primary immunodeficiencies
Authors: Itai M. Pessach, Jose Ordovas-Montanes, Shen-Ying Zhang, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Silvia Giliani, Andrew R. Gennery, Waleed Al-Herz, Philip D. Manos, Thorsten M. Schlaeger, In-Hyun Park, Francesca Rucci, Suneet Agarwal, Gustavo Mostoslavsky, George Q. Daley, Luigi D. Notarangelo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Locally acting growth factors for vascular smooth muscle cells: endogenous synthesis and release from platelets.
Authors: D F Bowen-Pope, R Ross, R A Seifert
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Release of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) from platelets has been postulated to stimulate at least some of the cell proliferation seen at sites of tissue damage, both beneficially (wound healing) and perniciously (during formation of atherosclerotic lesions). Two other growth factors have been localized to the platelet: epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor. These factors may function synergistically with PDGF in promoting smooth muscle cell proliferation in the injured vessel wall. PDGF-like molecules (PDGF-c) that bind to the PDGF receptor and are at least partially recognized by antiserum against PDGF may also be synthesized by vessel wall cells themselves under certain circumstances. Arterial endothelial cells secrete several mitogens, one of which is a PDGF-c. Release is greatly stimulated by exposure of the cells to physiologic concentrations of thrombin. Also, aortic smooth muscle cells from 2-week-old rats secrete mitogenic levels of PDGF-c. In this case, PDGF-c accounts for all the mitogenic activity in conditioned medium (when assayed on 3T3 cells). Smooth muscle cells obtained from adult rat aortae secrete 150-fold less PDGF-c. In a third example, when adult rat carotid arteries are damaged with a balloon catheter, smooth muscle cells migrate into the intima of the artery and proliferate. By 2 weeks, the number of smooth muscle cells in the artery has doubled. When these intimal smooth muscle cells are cultured, they are found to secrete PDGF-c. These findings suggest that activation of endogenous synthesis of PDGF-c may contribute to the smooth muscle cell proliferation seen in response to vascular injury.
970-7 In Vivo Comparison of Simultaneous Doppler and Hemodynamic Transvalvular Pressure Gradients Across Bileaflet Mechanical Valves in the Mitral Position
Authors: David E. Solowiejczyk, Izumi Yamada, Edward G. Cape, Robert A. Manduley, Lilliam M. Valdes-Cruz, Michael Jones
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Correlation of Blood and Fecal Radioactivity
Authors: John D. Bonnet
Journal: JAMA (1962)

THE ORAL administration of radioactive iodine (I<sup>131</sup>)-labeled triolein is used widely now as a test of fat absorption. It has been advocated as a screening procedure for the detection of steatorrhea in all patients suspected of malabsorption of fat due either to disease of the small bowel or to insufficiency of pancreatic exocrine secretion. The test has the advantage that when blood radioactivity alone is measured as an indication of fat absorption, the results are available in 6 to 8 hours. When fecal radioactivity is used as a test of fat absorption, the determination is more simple than chemical analysis for fat. However, we have observed that the results of blood and fecal radioactivity determinations during the same test are not always in agreement as to the presence or absence of fat malabsorption. The purpose of the present study was to determine what limiting values for these 2
Micromachined silicon structures for modelling polymer matrix controlled release systems
Authors: Norman F. Sheppard, David J. Mears, Scott W. Straka
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1996)

Physical models of polymer matrix controlled release systems were constructed by using silicon micromachining to fabricate miniature pore networks having features comparable in size to those found in the polymer systems. The networks were formed from pyramidal cavities, ranging in size from 100–200 μm on a side and from 70–140 μm deep, etched into a silicon wafer. Narrow channels were etched to connect adjacent cavities and a glass wafer was bonded onto the silicon wafer to form linear pore networks ∼1 mm long. The pore networks were loaded with an aqueous solution of sodium fluorescein, and the solute concentration during diffusion from the network was imaged using video microscopy. The time-dependent concentrations within the pores were fit to a Fickian diffusion model to determine effective diffusivities for the release of fluorescein from the networks. In an initial experiment, the change in effective diffusivity as a function of connecting channel width was consistent with mathematical models of diffusion in constricted networks. Since these techniques permit the production of precisely defined pores of virtually any size and geometry, micromachined silicon networks provide useful physical models for microporous controlled release polymers. In addition, extensions of the present techniques may be useful for production of new microfabricated controlled release systems, where desired release kinetics could be programmed into millimeter-sized devices by fabrication of intelligently-designed pore structures.
Disrupting the Interaction of BRD4 with Diacetylated Twist Suppresses Tumorigenesis in Basal-like Breast Cancer
Authors: Jian Shi, Yifan Wang, Lei Zeng, Yadi Wu, Jiong Deng, Qiang Zhang, Yiwei Lin, Junlin Li, Tiebang Kang, Min Tao, Elena Rusinova, Guangtao Zhang, Chi Wang, Haining Zhu, Jun Yao, Yi-Xin Zeng, B. Mark Evers, Ming-Ming Zhou, Binhua P. Zhou
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Comparative Trial of Further Attenuated Measles Vaccines
Authors: R. G. Hendrickse, D. Montefiore, P. Sherman, T. Peradze
Journal: BMJ (1966)

The Leningrad 16 vaccine arrived only on the day of vaccination: children who had been originally allocated to group A were sub- divided so that a proportion of them received Leningrad 16 vaccine.Hence the numbers of children in group A and group F are smaller than in the other groups.
Life expectancy in Russia falls
Authors: P Conradi
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The life expectancy of Russian men has plunged to just 59 years, the lowest level since the 1960s, according to new government statistics. Coupled with signs of a fall in the birth rate, the figures have prompted fears among commentators here that the Russian nation is literally dying out.

The provisional data from the State Statistics Committee prepared for Prime Minister Viktor Chernomyrdin show that the average lifespan of Russian males in 1993 was three years shorter than that in the previous year. Russian women, too, are living shorter lives, although the drop for them over the 12 months was more modest, from 73.8 to 73.2 years. It takes overall life expectancy in the country to 65.8 years, which puts Russia on the …
A Systems Approach to Alcoholism Programming
Authors: HAROLD D. HOLDER, NICHOLAS E. STRATAS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

The Regional Alcoholism Systems Project (RASP) was undertaken as the first step in developing a comprehensive alcoholism program for a region of North Carolina. One of the first such programs to employ a systems approach, it began in 1969 and after design and engineering stages, which the authors describe in detail, it is now being implemented. Changes in the approach toward dealing with alcoholism resulting from the RASP approach are outlined.
Virtues of Brown Bread
Authors: R. Cove-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1939)

A 5-month-old infant was examined because of minor multiple malformations. He was found to have a de novo blanced reciprocal translocation 46,XY,t(6;8(q13;q22). On follow-up at the age of 17 months his mental development was found to be within normal limits.
Abstract 5579: Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis is BAK-dependent, but BAX and BIM-independent in breast tumor.
Authors: Anna V. Miller, Mark A. Hicks, Amanda C. Richardson, Jolene J. Windle, Hisashi Harada
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Breast cancer is a leading cause of death among women. Understanding breast cancer at the molecular level is imperative for finding more effective approaches to successfully treat these patients. Microtubule inhibitors are among the most frequently used agents for breast cancer treatment, with proven efficacy in both localized and metastatic disease. Paclitaxel (Taxol) is a member of the taxane class of anti-neoplastic microtubule damaging agents and exhibits activity against a wide range of human malignancies including breast cancer. Paclitaxel stabilizes microtubules, resulting in G2/M cell cycle arrest, and continuous treatment with paclitaxel ultimately leads to cell death. However, the precise mechanisms of how this mitotic arrest triggers cell death are still unclear. When cells undergo paclitaxel-induced cell death, the BCL-2 family-dependent mitochondrial apoptotic pathway is activated. Previous studies indicate that a BH3-only protein BIM (BCL-2 Interacting Mediator of cell death) plays a role in paclitaxel-induced apoptosis. We show here that BIM is dispensable in apoptosis with paclitaxel treatment using bim−/− MEFs (mouse embryonic fibroblasts), the bim−/− mouse breast tumor model, and shRNA-mediated down-regulation of BIM in human breast cancer cells. In contrast, both bak−/− MEFs and human breast cancer cells in which BAK was down-regulated by shRNA were more resistant to paclitaxel. In human breast cancer cells, paclitaxel treatment resulted in MCL-1 degradation which was prevented by a proteasome inhibitor, MG132. A cdk inhibitor, roscovitine, blocked paclitaxel-induced MCL-1 degradation and apoptosis, suggesting that cdk activation at mitotic arrest could induce MCL-1 phosphorylation and subsequent degradation in a proteasome-dependent manner. BAK was associated with MCL-1 in untreated cells and became activated in concert with loss of MCL-1 expression and its release from the complex. Our data suggest that BAK is the mediator of paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and could be an alternative target for overcoming paclitaxel resistance. Citation Format: Anna V. Miller, Mark A. Hicks, Amanda C. Richardson, Jolene J. Windle, Hisashi Harada. Paclitaxel-induced apoptosis is BAK-dependent, but BAX and BIM-independent in breast tumor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5579. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5579
PWE-090 The Effect Of Commonly Used Ibd Drugs On Autophagy Induction Using An<i>in Vitro</i>Cell Culture System
Authors: P Henderson, J Satsangi, DC Wilson, C Stevens
Journal: Gut (2014)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Genome wide association studies and functional experiments in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have delineated the importance of autophagy in IBD pathogenesis. We aimed to determine the effect of commonly utilised IBD drugs on autophagy induction and the pathways involved <i><i>in vitro</i></i>. <h3>Methods</h3> Cells naturally expressing (HCT116) and not expressing (HEK293) NOD2, both stably expressing green fluorescent protein-labelled light chain 3 (LC3), were treated with varying concentrations of 6-thioguanine, azathioprine, methotrexate or infliximab at different time points; rapamycin, serum-starvation and bafilomycin A1 served as positive controls. Cells were also treated with ERK (U0126) and autophagy (3-methyladenine) inhibitors where appropriate. For immunofluorescent microscopy images were captured using an Axioskop 2 fluorescent microscope and ImageJ software used to identify cells with &gt;5 punctate foci indicating autophagy induction. For western blot analysis cell lysates were immunoblotted with antibodies to LC3, p62, phospho-rpS6 or total rpS6. All statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism. <h3>Results</h3> All four drugs induced significant autophagy in HCT116 cells, with only azathioprine inducing autophagy robustly in both cell lines. Azathioprine induced autophagy in a dose-dependent manner in HEK293 cells with significant autophagy induction at all concentrations (30–90 μM) in HCT116 cells. HCT116 cells treated with 6-thioguanine, azathioprine and methotrexate showed strong LC3-I to LC3-II conversion and a reduction in p62, with 6-thioguanine and azathioprine showing loss of phospho-S6K suggesting autophagy induction through the mTORC1 pathway. Use of U0126 and 3-methyladenine in HCT116 cells treated with azathioprine demonstrated that azathioprine may exert its autophagic effect via mTORC1 through the class I PI3K/Akt pathway. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Common IBD drugs effect autophagy induction <i><i>in vitro</i></i> suggesting that manipulation of the autophagy pathway may be partly involved in the mechanism of action of many of these drugs, most convincingly azathioprine. Further work is now required to replicate these findings and further delineate the pathways <i><i>in vivo</i></i>. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared.
Coactivated Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor α and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Are Potential Therapeutic Targets in Intimal Sarcoma
Authors: Barbara Dewaele, Giuseppe Floris, Julio Finalet-Ferreiro, Christopher D. Fletcher, Jean-Michel Coindre, Louis Guillou, Pancras C.W. Hogendoorn, Agnieszka Wozniak, Vanessa Vanspauwen, Patrick Schöffski, Peter Marynen, Peter Vandenberghe, Raf Sciot, Maria Debiec-Rychter
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Intimal sarcoma (IS) is a rare, malignant, and aggressive tumor that shows a relentless course with a concomitant low survival rate and for which no effective treatment is available. In this study, 21 cases of large arterial blood vessel IS were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization and selectively by karyotyping, array comparative genomic hybridization, sequencing, phospho-kinase antibody arrays, and Western immunoblotting in search for novel diagnostic markers and potential molecular therapeutic targets. Ex vivo immunoassays were applied to test the sensitivity of IS primary tumor cells to the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors imatinib and dasatinib. We showed that amplification of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRA) is a common finding in IS, which should be considered as a molecular hallmark of this entity. This amplification is consistently associated with PDGFRA activation. Furthermore, the tumors reveal persistent activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), concurrent to PDGFRA activation. Activated PDGFRA and EGFR frequently coexist with amplification and overexpression of the MDM2 oncogene. Ex vivo immunoassays on primary IS cells from one case showed the potency of dasatinib to inhibit PDGFRA and downstream signaling pathways. Our findings provide a rationale for investigating therapies that target PDGFRA, EGFR, or MDM2 in IS. Given the clonal heterogeneity of this tumor type and the potential cross-talk between the PDGFRA and EGFR signaling pathways, targeting multiple RTKs and aberrant downstream effectors might be required to improve the therapeutic outcome for patients with this disease. Cancer Res; 70(18); 7304–14. ©2010 AACR.
TETRA-ETHYL LEAD IN PETROL
Authors: F. C. Eve
Journal: BMJ (1928)

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is associated in 15-30% of cases with systemic symptomatology, such as prolonged fever, weight loss, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), anemia, thrombocytosis, and leukocytosis. We report the case of a 4-year-old Lebanese boy who presented with high-grade fever of long duration, and a single (unpaired) positive Widal agglutination test. Blood culture was negative. A diagnosis of typhoid fever was made. An abdominal (mesenteric) IMT was incidentally discovered, 30 days after the fever had appeared. After surgery, the fever disappeared immediately, and the ESR returned to normal. We strongly favor the possibility of a false positive Widal test, due to polyclonal increase in serum immunoglobulins, which often occurs in IMT. We also think that IMT might be a mimicker of typhoid fever, both clinically and serologically. Physicians, especially pediatricians practicing in endemic areas, should probably be aware of this mimicry.
STAT3 transcription factor is constitutively activated and is oncogenic in nasal-type NK/T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Paul Coppo, Valérie Gouilleux-Gruart, Yenlin Huang, Hicham Bouhlal, Hakim Bouamar, Sandrine Bouchet, Christine Perrot, Vincent Vieillard, Peggy Dartigues, Philippe Gaulard, Félix Agbalika, Luc Douay, Kaiss Lassoued, Norbert-Claude Gorin
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
The association between carotid artery intima-media thickness and framingham risk score in healthy young adults: The bogalusa heart study
Authors: Lyn Kieltyka, Carsie Nyirenda, Elaine M. Urbina, Rong Tang, M.G. Bond, Sathanur R. Srinivasan, Gerald S. Berenson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Trust and Integrity in Biomedical Research: The Case of Financial Conflicts of Interest
Authors: Daniel M. Fox
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pseudo-Gaucher cells in light chain plasma cell myeloma
Authors: Yachiyo Kuwatsuka, Ritsuro Suzuki, Ryoichi Ichihashi, Yoshihisa Kodera
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

A 64-year-old man with no significant past medical history presented with fever, anemia, and compression fracture of the first lumbar vertebral body.At presentation, the patient was taking no drugs and had no palpable hepato-or splenomegaly.Initial laboratory evaluation showed a leukocyte count of 2,200/mm 3 , a hemoglobin Image 1.
SYNTHESIS OF THE FIRST COMPONENT OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT IN VITRO
Authors: Harvey R. Colten, James M. Gordon, Tibor Borsos, Herbert J. Rapp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1968)

Isolated segments of human colon and to a lesser extent ileum were capable of synthesizing hemolytically active C'1. This conclusion was based on the following evidence: After elimination of C'1 from tissue with EDTA, we found that segments of the intestinal tract in short-term organ culture showed a 50–1000-fold increase in C'1 activity. The rate of production of C'1 in human intestine was highly temperature dependent; C'1 production was reversibly inhibited by puromycin and actinomycin D. Furthermore, 14C-labeled amino acids were incorporated into molecules which behaved like C'1. No significant C'1hu synthesis was observed in isolated segments of jejunum, stomach, liver, kidney, lung, spleen, lymph node, and thymus.
Canada sends patients with cancer to United States
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Faced with long waiting lists for cancer treatment, the government of Quebec province, Canada, plans to send patients to the United States at a cost of $US15000 (£9375) each. About 1200 patients are waiting for radiotherapy, 500 in Montreal alone, some for as long as five months.

Dr Carolyn Freeman, director of the division of radiation oncology at the McGill University health centre, estimates …
The Sorting Receptor Sortilin Exhibits a Dual Function in Exocytic Trafficking of Interferon-γ and Granzyme A in T Cells
Authors: Stefanie Herda, Friederike Raczkowski, Hans-Willi Mittrücker, Gerald Willimsky, Kerstin Gerlach, Anja A. Kühl, Tilman Breiderhoff, Thomas E. Willnow, Bernd Dörken, Uta E. Höpken, Armin Rehm
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Maternal pethidine and neonatal depression.
Authors: P W Barritt, R A Hawkes, S K Jivani
Journal: BMJ (1978)

do influence secondary tumour formation and perhaps liver perfusion with heparin alone should have been used in the control group.The design of this trial will not allow us to distinguish between the actions of heparin and those of fluorouracil.Nevertheless, in spite of these criticisms, if the trends of the trial are confirmed it could form a basis to improve the outcome in patients with this common tumour.
Physiologic Testosterone Levels in Normal Men Suppress High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels
Authors: Carrie J. Bagatell, Robert H. Knopp, Wylie W. Vale, Jean E. Rivier, William J. Bremner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Objective: To investigate the role of physiologic levels of testosterone in the control of lipoproteins in healthy men. Design: A double-blind, randomized study. Setting: A university community. Participants: Fifteen healthy men, ages 20 to 36 years. Intervention: We induced acute, reversible hypogonadism in five normal men by administering daily subcutaneous injections of the gonadotropin-releasing-hormone (GnRH) antagonist, Nal-Glu, for 6 weeks. Another group of five normal men received Nal-Glu plus weekly injections of testosterone enanthate, 100 mg/wk, thereby maintaining normal serum testosterone levels. Five additional men received placebo injections. Measurements: Plasma lipids, including high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions HDL2 and HDL3, apoprotein A1, and serum levels of gonadotropins, estradiol, and testosterone were measured before, during, and after treatment. Results: At the end of the treatment period, HDL cholesterol levels in men receiving Nal-Glu increased by 26% (95% Cl, 18% to 34%; P < 0.05). Levels of HDL2, HDL3, and apoprotein A1 increased by 63% (Cl, 16% to 110%), 17% (Cl, 3% to 31%), and 17% (Cl, 5% to 29%), respectively (P < 0.05 for each parameter). Total cholesterol increased by 12% (Cl, 2% to 22%). Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations did not change. No statistically significant changes occurred in any lipid measurement in men receiving Nal-Glu plus androgen replacement or placebo (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Experimental hypogonadism induced by administration of a GnRH antagonist results in a statistically significant increase in HDL cholesterol, including HDL2 and HDL3. These effects are most likely due to decreased androgen levels because they are reversed by administration of antagonist together with testosterone. Our results imply that androgen levels in the normal adult male range have a suppressive effect on HDL cholesterol concentration and may contribute to the increased risk for coronary artery disease in men.