tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Selective inhibition of fatty acid oxidation in colonocytes by ibuprofen: a cause of colitis?
Authors: W E Roediger, S Millard
Journal: Gut (1995)

Ibuprofen is associated with initiation or exacerbation of ulcerative colitis. As ibuprofen selectively inhibited fatty acid oxidation in the liver or caused mitochondrial damage in intestinal cells, its effect on substrate oxidation by isolated colonocytes of man and rat was examined. Ibuprofen dose dependently (2.0-7.5 mmol/l) and selectively inhibited 14CO2 production from labelled n-butyrate in colonocytes from the proximal and distal human colon (n = 12, p = < 0.001). Glucose oxidation was either unaltered or increased. Because short chain fatty acid oxidation is the main source of acetyl-CoA for long chain fatty acid synthesis, the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by ibuprofen in the colonic mucosa could also occur at this level. Because the concentrations of ibuprofen that can be attained in the human colon are not known, conclusions drawn from current dosages are tentative. The inhibition of fatty acid oxidation by ibuprofen may be biochemically implicated in the initiation and exacerbation of ulcerative colitis, manifestation of which would depend on the ibuprofen concentrations reached in the colon.
NHS faces biggest challenge "for many years" amid mounting deficits and declining morale
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Hospitals and other NHS providers in England are set to post a record deficit of more than £800m (€1.1bn; $1.2bn) in 2014-15, says an analysis by the King’s Fund, a healthcare think tank.

In its latest quarterly monitoring report the fund warned that mounting deficits, worsening performance, and declining staff morale had left the NHS facing its biggest challenges “for many years.”1 It highlighted that the deficit is still being projected despite nearly £900m provided by the Treasury or switched from capital budgets to plug “the growing black hole in NHS finances.”

In the regular survey of trust …
The Replacement of Cardiac Valves
Authors: John W. Kirklin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

This issue of the Journal contains a detailed review by Cohn et al. of a group of patients who underwent porcine bioprosthetic heart-valve replacement. Is the authors' final sentence ("Even with the uncertainty of long-term durability, if the risk of anticoagulation in an individual patient is high, tissue valves should be used.") supported by their data and by that in the literature?There is general agreement with their conclusions that the clinical improvement and actuarial survival rates of patients receiving porcine tissue valves (bioprostheses) are similar to those of patients receiving the available mechanical forms of prosthesis.1 , 2 Thromboembolism in the . . .
Effect of amrinone on right ventricular function: predominance of afterload reduction.
Authors: M A Konstam, S R Cohen, D N Salem, D Das, M J Aronovitz, B A Brockway
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Although the bipyridine agent amrinone is reported to have a positive inotropic effect on the left ventricle, the effect of this drug on right ventricular contractility in the clinical setting is unknown. We studied the effect of short-term intravenous administration of amrinone on right ventricular systolic function in nine patients with severe congestive heart failure and, using radionuclide ventriculography, examined the right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship to determine whether reduced right ventricular afterload or increased contractility predominantly accounted for the observed improvement in right ventricular systolic function. In each patient the right ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship was derived with use of varying doses of nitroprusside. After nitroprusside was stopped, intravenous amrinone (3 mg/kg) caused decreases from baseline in pulmonary arterial end-systolic pressure in eight of nine patients (23 +/- 11% [overall mean +/- SE], p less than .05), and in pulmonary vascular resistance in all patients (38 +/- 6%, p less than .001). Right ventricular end-systolic volume decreased (23 +/- 8%, p less than .01) and right ventricular ejection fraction increased (31 +/- 10%, p = .01). The amrinone-induced decrease in right ventricular end-systolic volume was compared with that predicted for right ventricular afterload reduction alone based on the effect of amrinone on pulmonary arterial end-systolic pressure and the pressure-volume relationship observed during infusion of nitroprusside.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A new cardiac MASTer switch for the renin-angiotensin system
Authors: T. H. Le
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2006)

The aspartyl protease renin was first isolated from the kidney by Tigerstedt more than a century ago. In the kidney, renin secretion is tightly linked to sodium intake and renal perfusion pressure, reflecting the important role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in controlling body fluid volume and blood pressure. The study by Mackins et al. in this issue of the JCI describes a novel source of renin: the mast cell (see the related article beginning on page 1063). This discovery suggests a distinct pathway for activation of the RAS that may have a particular impact on the pathogenesis of chronic tissue injury as well as more acute pathology such as arrhythmias in the heart.
Lactate dehydrogenase and its isoenzyme activities in different parts of the normal human heart
Authors: L LIN, C SYLVEN, P SOTONYI, E SOMOGYI, L KAIJSER, E JANSSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1989)

Activity and distribution of lactate dehydrogenase (LD) and its isoenzymes (LD 1 -5) were determined and both the heart (H) and muscle (M) subunit activities were calculated in myocardial samples from six brain dead human organ donors with normal hearts. Ten parts of each heart were analysed. LDl-3 were found to be the main LD isoenzymes. The LDl activity predominated in all parts analysed. The activities of total LD, H subunit and LDl increased from atria and auricular appendages via the right ventricle to the left ventricle. The H subunit activity varied more than twofold and the M subunit activity by only 20% between different locations of the heart. The left ventricular papillary muscle was found to have higher activities than other locations of both H and M subunits. It is concluded that the isoenzyme profile could be a metabolic adaptation to divergent work demand on the different heart chambers.
850. Efficiency of Six AAV Serotypes in Transducing Rat Myocardium In Vivo
Authors: Julieta Palomeque, Jennifer A. Wellman, Shangzhen Zhou, Peter Colosi, Manuel Ramos-Kuri, Federica del Monte, Roger J. Hajjar
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) have unique properties, such as lack of parental agent pathogenicity and vector related cytotoxicity, minimal immunogenecity, and the capacity for stable long-term transgene expression which make them ideal vectors for gene transfer to the myocardium. Numerous serotypes of AAV have been identified with variable tropisms.
Cryohemolysis for the detection of hereditary spherocytosis: Correlation studies with osmotic fragility and autohemolysis
Authors: Sara Streichman, Yehudit Gescheidt
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

Laboratory methods aimed to assess the presence of spheroidal cells such as osmotic fragility, autohemolysis, and glycerol lysis time are very elaborate, time consuming, and often give inconclusive results. We have developed a diagnostic test based on a unique sensitivity of HS cells to hypertonic cryohemolysis and analyzed blood samples of 55 HS patients. The patients were divided into two subgroups, clinically affected probands and their relatives. To get quantitative comparisons with the classic methods, the cryohemolysis results were compared to two parameters of the osmotic fragility test: the salt concentration that causes 50% hemolysis, and the percent lysis at a constant salt concentration. Autohemolysis results were also compared. To evaluate which of these tests has the best analytical power, we calculated the mean results and 2 SDs of each parameter in a control group, and then looked to see which of them was best in identifying the patients. The cryohemolysis test was the single parameter that identified all cases including asymptomatic carriers of the disease. The ability of this test to identify the less severe cases probably reflects the dependency of the cryohemolysis on factors that are more related to the primary membrane molecular defects and less by the surface area to volume ratio. Am. J. Hematol. 58:206–212, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Roles of Positron Emission Tomography With Fluorine-18-Deoxyglucose in the Detection of Local Recurrent and Distant Metastatic Sarcoma
Authors: Germaine R. Johnson, Hongming Zhuang, Jehanzeb Khan, Stephen B. Chiang, Abass Alavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors comprising approximately 1% of all malignancies. Definitive treatment of sarcoma is surgical resection. However, after surgical removal, 40% to 60% of the patients will develop local or distant recurrence. Therefore, the early detection and treatment of recurrence is an important part of modern sarcoma therapy. Positron emission tomography with fluorine-18-deoxyglucose (FDG-PET) has been highly successful in detecting and staging a variety of malignancies. However, its use in the management of patients with sarcoma is less defined. The purpose of our study was to assess the potential roles of FDG-PET in the detection of local recurrence and distant metastases. In this retrospective study, the images of 33 FDG-PET scans, reports of 29 computed tomography (CT) scans, and 8 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans from 28 patients were compared with surgical pathology or clinical follow up for at least 6 months. FDG-PET detected all 25 cases of local and distant recurrences with 100% sensitivity. CT was able to detect 18 of the 22 possible cases of recurrent disease, whereas MRI was able to detect 5 of 7 cases of recurrent disease. PET was particularly useful in patients with extensive histories of surgery and radiation therapy, precisely the setting in which CT and MRI have the lowest specificity and sensitivity. In conclusion, FDG-PET was a sensitive test to detect local and distant recurrences of sarcoma and this warrants further investigation.
Sleep Deprivation and Performance of Residents
Authors: Richard L. Cohen
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The article on the relationship between sleep deprivation and performance in residents by Deaconson and coworkers<sup>1</sup>is a valuable contribution to the literature on this subject. The authors are correct in their statement that even studies that have a research design (in contrast to a much larger number that are anecdotal and subjective) rely on two-point observations and are too simple in concept. Nevertheless, serious studies of this phenomenon are so scarce that it is important to call readers' attention to two not referenced in this article. Engel et al<sup>2</sup>have reported an interesting project in which carefully trained patient-actors were employed to evaluate clinical performance in a group of medical interns when they were rested and when they were sleep deprived. No significant differences were found. Christensen et al<sup>3</sup>could identify no significant difference in performance between two groups of radiology residents
THE SPREAD OF INFLUENZA IN AN INDUSTRIAL AREA
Authors: A. Garvie
Journal: BMJ (1919)

Tm 3niTs 519_Maniy of tlle sufferers among the white soldiers were privates or petty officer.This kind of mutilation was done mainly by the Gallas-Abyssinian irregular mounted fhorsemen, brave men but notorious for cruelty in war.Fiasclii's descriptions of the methLods employed in muti-
Prevalence and characteristics of dystrophin defects in adult male patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Eloisa Arbustini, Marta Diegoli, Patrizia Morbini, Barbara Dal Bello, Nadia Banchieri, Andrea Pilotto, Filippo Magani, Maurizia Grasso, Jagat Narula, Antonello Gavazzi, Mario Viganò, Luigi Tavazzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
China to investigate widespread drugging of kindergarten children
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2014)

China’s Ministry of Education and the National Health and Family Planning Commission have ordered drug tests for all children attending nurseries, kindergartens, and primary and middle schools across the entire country.1

The blanket drug testing is in response to a string of scandals involving eight kindergartens in four provinces where kindergarten staff were found to have routinely administered prescription anti-viral drugs to students without their parents’ knowledge or consent.

The scandal first broke on 12 March when …
Value of Magnetic-Resonance Cholangio-Pancreatography (MRCP) After Unsuccessful Endoscopic-Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography (ERCP)
Authors: H. E. Adamek, M. Weitz, H. Breer, R. Jakobs, D. Schilling, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Background and Study Aims: The present study tries to evaluate the success rate of MRCP when two attempts by experts to perform ERCP in a center failed.
Variable phenotype of long QT syndrome patients with the same genetic defect
Authors: S.G. Priori, C. Napolitano, P.J. Schwartz, R. Mark, D. McDonalds, I. Denjoy, P. Guiceney, J.A. Towbin, V. Paganini, G. Casari
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Lichen planus-like contact dermatitis due to methacrylic acid esters
Authors: T. KAWAMURA, S. FUKUDA, N. OHTAKE, M. FURUE, K. TAMAKI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

We report a patient who had lichen planus-like lesions on sites repeatedly exposed to methacrylic acid esters used in the car industry. Histologically, the lesions showed all the features of classical lichen planus. Patch testing revealed positive reactions to methacrylic acid esters in concentrations as low as 5 x 10(-3)%. As dental devices contain methacrylic acid esters, it is possible to speculate that methacrylic acid esters may be one of the causative agents for oral lichen planus.
In vivo platelet and T-lymphocyte activities during pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Y Buyukasik, B Soylu, AR Soylu, OI Ozcebe, S Canbakan, IC Haznedaroglu, S Kirazli, Y Baser, SV Dundar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Platelets have been suggested to play a role in the inflammatory response, including defence against bacteria. The aims of this study were to determine in vivo platelet activity during the clinical course of pulmonary tuberculosis and to investigate whether or not there is a correlation between the magnitude of platelet activation and the extent of the pulmonary disease. T-lymphocyte activity was also analysed in the patients. Platelet factor-4 (PF4) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor-alpha (sIL-2Ralpha) concentrations were used as markers of platelet and T-lymphocyte activation, respectively. Twenty-five patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were studied. Fifteen healthy subjects served as a control group. The levels of both sIL-2Ralpha (3,000+/-1,948 pg x mL(-1)) and PF4 (103.1+/-6.7 IU x mL(-1)) were significantly higher in the patients with tuberculosis than in the control group (984+/-360 pg x mL(-1) and 78.2+/-23.9 IU x mL(-1), respectively) (Mann-Whitney U-test, p<0.001 for both comparisons). The plasma PF4 levels were found to be well correlated with the extent of pulmonary lesions on chest radiography (the Spearman's bivariate correlation analysis, r=0.65, p<0.001). However, sIL-2Ralpha concentrations did not correlate with the extent of disease. In conclusion, it has been suggested that platelet and T-lymphocyte activation occurs during pulmonary tuberculosis. The good correlation between platelet activation and the extent of pulmonary tuberculosis might be ascribed to a pathophysiological role of platelets in pulmonary tuberculosis.
Lm-LLO immunotherapies targeting multiple antigens and their impact on different mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Anu Wallecha, Poonam Molli
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Overexpression of tumor associated antigens (TAA) such as carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), HER2/neu and high molecular weight melanoma associated antigen (HMW-MAA) is associated with aggressive high-grade tumors leading to disease progression and reduced survival. CA9 is a cell surface
Interventions to reduce unintended pregnancies among adolescents: systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: A. DiCenso
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To review the effectiveness of primary prevention strategies aimed at delaying sexual intercourse, improving use of birth control, and reducing incidence of unintended pregnancy in adolescents. <b>Data sources:</b> 12 electronic bibliographic databases, 10 key journals, citations of relevant articles, and contact with authors. <b>Study selection:</b> 26 trials described in 22 published and unpublished reports that randomised adolescents to an intervention or a control group (alternate intervention or nothing). <b>Data extraction:</b> Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality and abstracted data. <b>Data synthesis:</b> The interventions did not delay initiation of sexual intercourse in young women (pooled odds ratio 1.12; 95% confidence interval 0.96 to 1.30) or young men (0.99; 0.84 to 1.16); did not improve use of birth control by young women at every intercourse (0.95; 0.69 to 1.30) or at last intercourse (1.05; 0.50 to 2.19) or by young men at every intercourse (0.90; 0.70 to 1.16) or at last intercourse (1.25; 0.99 to 1.59); and did not reduce pregnancy rates in young women (1.04; 0.78 to 1.40). Four abstinence programmes and one school based sex education programme were associated with an increase in number of pregnancies among partners of young male participants (1.54; 1.03 to 2.29). There were significantly fewer pregnancies in young women who received a multifaceted programme (0.41; 0.20 to 0.83), though baseline differences in this study favoured the intervention. <b>Conclusions:</b> Primary prevention strategies evaluated to date do not delay the initiation of sexual intercourse, improve use of birth control among young men and women, or reduce the number of pregnancies in young women.
Dr. Reuben D. Mussey.
Authors: Irving C. Blaisdell
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Wilmore, Pa., April 29, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I beg the privilege of thanking Dr. Hamilton, through theJournal, for his article on the life of Dr. Mussey. I know of no doctor in the past, or present time, of whom I was so truly glad to learn, of his life and character, as that of Dr. Mussey. Within the last few months, through the kindness of Dr. Parsons of Portsmouth, N. H., I learned of the life of Dr. Mussey, before his coming to Ohio, as given before the New Hampshire Medical Society, at its one hundredth anniversary, and now I have the excellent article, by Dr. Hamilton, with a good picture of Dr. Mussey; his autograph I have had for a long time, as found attached to my father's diploma, given to him at Dartsmouth Medical College in 1835—Dr. Mussey was lecturing on anatomy, surgery and obstetrics at
Minimal residual disease monitoring after allogeneic transplantation may help to individualize post‐transplant therapeutic strategies in acute myeloid malignancies
Authors: María Díez‐Campelo, José Antonio Pérez‐Simón, Jose Pérez, Miguel Alcoceba, Juan Richtmon, Belén Vidriales, Jesús San Miguel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract This study evaluates the prognostic value of minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring by multiparametric flow cytometry in 41 patients with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing allogeneic transplantation. MRD assessment after transplant (day +100) allowed to discriminate different risk populations, being the most significant cut‐off value for outcome level of MRD &lt;/≥10 −3 . Outcome was significantly better among patients with low (&lt;10 −3 ) versus high (≥10 −3 ) MRD at day +100 after transplant. Thus, overall survival was 73% versus 25% at 4 years among patients with low versus high MRD at day +100 after transplant ( P = 0.002); 74% of patients with low MRD were event free at 4 years as compared to 17% among patients with high MRD ( P = 0.01). In multivariate analysis, MRD value as well as chronic GVHD significantly influenced outcome. In conclusion, MRD monitoring early post‐transplant is an important tool for outcome prediction and should be considered in decision making after allogeneic transplantation. Am. J. Hematol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
P472 SOFA SCORE AND NEUTROPHIL COUNT ARE STRONG PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH DECOMPENSATED CIRRHOSIS WHO DEVELOP ACUTE-ON-CHRONIC LIVER FAILURE
Authors: D.E. Agiasotelli, A. Alexopoulou, L. Vasilieva, G. Kalpakou, E. Eldeik, C. Papi, S.P. Dourakis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Splenic Artery Aneurysm Diagnosed by Tc-99m Abdominal Flow Study
Authors: HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM, ALY SAHWEEL, ABDUL RAHMAN MAHMOUD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

ABDEL-DAYEM, HUSSEIN M. M.D.; SAHWEEL, ALY M.B., B.Ch.; MAHMOUD, ABDUL RAHMAN B.Sc. Author Information
A CASE OF CIRCUMSCRIBED UNILATERAL, AND ELECTIVE SENSORY PARALYSIS
Authors: Lewellys F. Barker
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1896)

BY elective sensory paralysis is to be understood one in which certain only of the functions of the sensory nerves are abolished.The observations which are to be briefly reported here have been made upon my own left arm, and in large part by myself.The anamnesis is as follows : I am at present twenty-eight years old, and, as far as I remember, aside from the ordinary diseases from which children suffer, I have always been tolerably healthy.For the past nine or ten years I have noticed at times along the inner (medial) side of the left arm radiating pains, which are prone to appear on standing for a long time or after a long walk, especially when I am overtired or a little run down in health.For about the same length of time, sensations of numbness and formication have made themselves noticeable.These have been referred to the same area, and have affected also, in a slight degree, the little finger and the ulnar side of the ring finger of the left hand.The pains, which, as a rule, are not very severe, can be quickly stopped, or essentially relieved, by lying down or by elevating the left shoulder.Beyond these symptoms I have nothing to complain of, and during the past two or three years unpleasant sensations of any kind have rarely existed.The motility of the left arm is in no way diminished or interfered with.This arm is slightly weaker than tile right, which is easily to be explained by the fact that it has been used less.Alterations in the muscles or the skirl have never been perceptible.The secretion of sweat is normal, and goose
Rates of Injury at Day-care Centers-Reply
Authors: Stephen B. Thacker
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In Reply.  —We agree with Drs Solomons and Elardo that accurately determining injury rates for children is important. The scope of our article was limited to a description of the published literature and was not intended to be a rigorous critique of the methods of all the studies of injury and infectious diseases. Because we limited our review to published data, we could not, for example, have calculated more precise injury rates from the data provided by several authors, including Solomons and Elardo in their published articles. 1,2 Hence, we chose to provide the most comparable data.  Obtaining accurate estimates of both numerator and denominator is difficult. The question of whether to include treatment by paramedics with treatment by physicians is one example of the difficulty in choosing comparable numerators. We believe that the injuries most important to prevent are those that are most severe—those that result in death, permanent