tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
SO-06 * SURGICAL STRATEGIES AND OUTCOMES OF SPINAL EPENDYMOMAS OF DIFFERENT LENGTHS: ANALYSIS OF 210 PATIENTS
Authors: G. Wang
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the surgical strategies and outcomes for spinal ependymomas of different lengths. METHODS: The authors used data from 210 patients with spinal ependymomas (WHO Grades II and III) in this 10-year retrospective study (January 1999 to December 2008), dividing them into 3 different groups according to length (spinal ependymomas   10 cm). All patients underwent tumor resection. The basic characteristics of the patients were reviewed and the functional status was assessed using the McCormick classification. RESULTS: There were 89, 81, and 40 patients, respectively, in the 3 groups (  10 cm). Grosstotal resections (GTRs) were performed in 172 patients (81.9% overall, or 86.5%, 79.0%, and 77.5% in the 3 groups, respectively). Subtotal and partial resections were achieved in 38 patients (18.1%). Eight patients with medulla oblongata or upper cervical cord tumors received a tracheotomy postoperatively. The follow-up period ranged from 56 to 176 months. One hundred thirty-five patients (76.7%) experienced improvement, (88.2%, 83.8%, and 34.4% in the   10 cm groups, respectively). Thirty-three patients (18.8%) maintained their pretreatment status, and 8 patients (4.5%) showed deterioration following tumor resection at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Radical resection of spinal ependymomas could be performed in most patients, and the rate of GTR was significantly different in the different-length groups Patients with longer tumors had worse surgical results compared with those with small tumors and more postoperative neuropathic pain and proprioceptive deficits could usually be observed in patients harboring larger tumors. Early diagnosis and timely operation are critical to achieving better neurological outcomes. For tumors with dense adhesions, complete removal should be performed cautiously because of the significant incidence of neurological deterioration.
Familial frontal fibrosing alopecia
Authors: N. Dlova, C-L. Goh, A. Tosti
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article Familial frontal fibrosing alopecia Get access N. Dlova, N. Dlova Department of Dermatology, University of Kwa‐Zulu Natal, Box 61260, Bishopsgate, Durban, Kwa‐Zulu Natal 4008, South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C‐L. Goh, C‐L. Goh Department of Dermatology, National Skin Centre, Singapore Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Tosti A. Tosti Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 1, 1 January 2013, Pages 220–222, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.11101.x Published: 01 January 2013
Glucocorticoid level and neuropsychiatric symptoms in homosexual men with HIV infection
Authors: J M Gorman, R Kertzner, T Cooper, R R Goetz, I Lagomasino, H Novacenko, J B Williams, Y Stern, R Mayeux, A A Ehrhardt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

There is a controversial literature suggesting that stress, anxiety, and depression are harmful to the immune system and therefore to health. Preclinical studies indicate that activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis by stress may be responsible for immunocompromise. The goal of this study was to assess this phenomenon in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Homosexual men in the community who did not meet modified Centers for Disease Control criteria for acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) were recruited for the study; 113 of the men were HIV positive and 77 were HIV negative. Very few of the men studied suffered from depression or anxiety disorder at the time of the first assessment. Twenty-four-hour urinary free cortisol levels were obtained from the 112 HIV-positive and 75 HIV-negative men whose 24-hour urine volumes were 500 ml or more. Cortisol levels were correlated with measures of medical, immunological, neurological, and psychiatric status.Small but significant correlations between 24-hour urinary free cortisol and medical status, level of depression, and level of anxiety were found in the HIV-positive group. There was no relationship between cortisol level and the number of CD4+ or CD8+ T lymphocytes or the CD4-CD8 ratio.Although HPA activation may be associated with stress in cases of HIV infection, it does not seem to be associated with further loss of CD4+ T lymphocytes. Subjects with HIV infection with the most evidence of medical complications may also be the most anxious and depressed.
Risk of macular degeneration in users of statins: cross sectional study
Authors: N. F Hall
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Atherosclerosis and abnormalities of lipid metabolism are associated with an increased risk of age related macular degeneration—the Western world's main cause of blindness.1 Statins (hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) modify patients' lipid profile and lower their risk of coronary heart disease.2 They also prevent stroke and, possibly, Alzheimer's disease. We report here an association between statin use and lower risk of age related macular degeneration.

We wrote to 660 men and women aged 66-75 who had been traced by the Office for National Statistics using information from their birth record at the Jessop Hospital for Women, Sheffield. Of these, 412 (62%) agreed to take part and were interviewed at home. We recorded their use of drugs, including statins, currently and in the previous five years, and their history of cardiovascular disease. The participants were …
Abstract 13022: Second-generation versus First-generation Drug-eluting Stents in Patients With Calcified Coronary Lesions: Pooled Analysis From the RESET and NEXT Trials
Authors: Koji Nishida, Kenji Nakatsuma, Hiroki Shiomi, Kazuya Kawai, Naohisa Hamashige, Takeshi Morimoto, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The impact of second-generation drug-eluting stents (G2-DES) implantation as compared with first-generation drug-eluting stents (G1-DES) for calcified coronary lesion has not been yet adequately addressed. Methods: This pooled analysis compared 2-year clinical outcomes between G1- and G2-DES according to the presence or absence of coronary lesion calcification, using individual patient-level data from 2 large-scale prospective multicenter randomized trials, RESET (Randomized Evaluation of Sirolimus-Eluting Versus Everolimus-Eluting Stent Trial) and NEXT (Biodegradable Polymer Biolimus-Eluting Stent Versus Durable Polymer Everolimus-Eluting Stent). Among 4583 patients enrolled in the 2 trials, G1-DES (sirolimus-eluting stent) and G2-DES (everolimus- or biolimus-eluting stent) were used in 299 and 1033 patients, respectively, in the Calc stratum (at least 1 moderate to severe calcification), and 1208 and 3550 patients, respectively, in the Non-calc stratum (no or mild calcification). Coronary calcification was assessed by an independent angiographic core laboratory. The primary endpoint of the study was clinically driven target-lesion revascularization (TLR) at 2-year follow-up. Result: In the Calc stratum, the cumulative incidence of clinically driven TLR was significantly lower in G2-DES than in G1-DES (5.7% vs. 9.4%, P=0.03), while it was not significantly different between G1- and G2-DES in the Non-calc stratum (3.6% vs. 4.2%, P=0.35). Cumulative incidence of definite stent thrombosis was not significantly different between G1- and G2-DES in both strata (Calc stratum, 0.6% vs. 1.0%, P=0.44, and Non-calc stratum, 0.2% vs. 0.2%, P=0.98). After adjusting for confounders, the lower risk of G2-DES relative to G1-DES for clinically driven TLR remained significant in the Calc stratum (hazard ratio [HR], 0.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.35-0.87; P=0.01). There was significant interaction between the generation of DES and presence or absence of calcification (P interaction=0.01). Conclusion: G2-DES as compared with G1-DES was associated with lower risk for clinically driven TLR in patients with calcified coronary lesions.
Access to NIH-Funded Research
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Identification of cancer stem cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Mark E. Prince, Andrew Kaczorowski, Matthew Clay, Gregory T. Wolf, Thomas E. Carey, Michael F. Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

3983 

Epithelial cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), contain a heterogeneous population of cells. Studies have shown that a subpopulation of tumorigenic breast cancer cells, “cancer stem cells” (CSC), can be isolated based on their expression of cell surface markers. Identification of CSC in breast cancer suggested that other epithelial tumors might contain tumorigenic and non tumorigenic populations of cells. A NOD/SCID mouse model was used to test the tumorigenic potential of cells derived from human HNSCC. Seven specimens from primary HNSCC were analyzed and distinct populations of CD44 positive (CD44+) and CD44 negative (CD44-) cancer cells were identified and isolated in all specimens. Single cell suspensions of CD44+Lineage- and CD44-Lineage- cells were implanted in NOD/SCID mice. CD44+ cells formed tumors in 13/16 implantations, while 0/20 implantations of CD44- cells formed tumors. As few as 5x103 CD44+ tumor cells gave rise to tumors while up to 5x105 CD44- tumor cells failed to form tumors. Tumors resulting from implantation of CD44+ cells reproduced the original tumor heterogeneity even after serial passage in the animal model. In 5/7 samples Epithelial specific antigen (ESA) expression was used to try to enrich the tumorigenic subpopulation of CD44+ HNSCC cells. Single cell suspensions of CD44+ESA+Lineage- and CD44+ESA-Lineage- cells were implanted. ESA expression did not enrich the tumor cells tumorigenic potential. These results are the first demonstration that HNSCC contains a distinct subpopulation of tumorigenic cells, defined by their expression of the cell surface antigen CD44. The CD44+ cell population in the HNSCC specimens had the exclusive ability to produce tumors and recreate the original tumor heterogeneity. ESA expression did not alter the cells tumorigenic potential. CD44 expression allows for the identification of the tumorigenic subpopulation of HNSCC cells and provides a basis to study the mechanisms that drive the self-renewal of these cells. This could lead to innovative CSC directed therapies for HNSCC and other epithelial malignancies.
568. Comparison of Antigen-Specific Immune Responses Elicited by Recombinant Simian Adenoviral Vectors with Deletions in Either E1, or E1/E3, or E1/E4 Regions
Authors: Yan Zhi, Gary P. Kobinger, Heather Jordan, Guangping Gao, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Replication-defective adenoviral vectors based on human serotype 5 (H5) have emerged as very effective vaccine carriers. However, the neutralizing antibodies to AdH5 vector by previous natural infections will very likely impair its vaccine efficacy. Therefore, our lab developed replication-defective simian adenoviral C7 vectors to circumvent interference by pre-existing immunity to human AdH5. Early regions of AdH5 genome, including E1, E3, and E4, have been suggested to influence persistence of transgene expression and vector toxicity in mice. Therefore, we used Ebola Zaire virus envelope glycoprotein (Ebo GP) as a model antigen to create a panel of C7 vaccine vectors, including C7.000CMVGP with a deletion in E1 region, C7.010CMVGP with deletions in both E1 and E3 regions, and C7.001CMVGP with deletions in both E1 and E4 regions. The transgene expression cassette was incorporated into E1 regions of these vectors. By western blot analysis, C7.000CMVGP and C7.010CMVGP vectors yielded very similar level of GP expression, while C7.001CMVGP vector produced significantly less GP protein in transduced A549 cells. By intracellular cytokine staining with H-2k restricted GP-specific peptide as stimulant, similar frequencies of CD8+ T cells producing IFN-g were observed in B10BR mice vaccinated with C7.000CMVGP or C7.001CMVGP, while slightly higher frequencies of CD8+ T cells producing IFN-g were observed in B10BR mice vaccinated with C7.010CMVGP. Total IgG responses to GP, measured by ELISA, were equivalent in serum from vaccinated mice with either of these vectors. We are currently investigating whether a single administration of either of these vectors can protect mice against lethal challenge of a mouse-adapted strain of Ebola Zaire virus. Ongoing study also indicated that better GP-specific T cell and B cell responses can be achieved by priming with either C7.010CMVGP or C7.001CMVGP and boosting with H5CMVGP than by priming with C7.000CMVGP and boosting with H5CMVGP. Overall, these data suggested that multi-defective simian adenoviral vectors may be better vaccine carriers.
Phase II study of weekly nanoparticle albumin bound (nab)paclitaxel with carboplatin and trastuzumab as 1st-line therapy for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC)
Authors: A. D. Seidman, A. K. Conlin, A. Bach, A. M. Brufsky, M. N. Saleh, D. Lake, M. N. Dickler, G. D'Andrea, T. A. Traina, C. A. Hudis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

1047 Background: The addition of carboplatin (Cb) to paclitaxel (P) and trastuzumab (T) improves response rate and time to progression (TTP) in HER2+ MBC (Robert N, JCO 2006). Weekly P+Cb+T is active and well-tolerated in patients (pts) with HER2+ MBC (Perez E, Clin Breast Cancer 2005). Nab-P is more active than Cremophor-based P (Gradishar W, JCO 2005). This study investigates the efficacy and safety of weekly nab-P+Cb+T. Methods: An initial cohort of 3 pts received nab-P at 75 mg/m2 i.v. followed by Cb at a target AUC=2 weekly (days 1, 8, 15 every 28 days) + T (4 mg/kg x 1, then 2 mg/kg on all weeks) for 1 cycle. This was well tolerated, thus nab- P was escalated to 100 mg/m2 for all subsequent cycles and pts. Neither prophylactic steroid nor antihistamine was given. Due to hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) clearly attributable to Cb in 4 of the first 13 pts, Cb dosing was changed to once every 4 weeks (AUC=6) for the next 17 pts. P+Cb+T was continued until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or for 6 cycles with the option of continuing T alone at investigator discretion. Results: 30 pts were treated and 12 remain on study. The median age was 52 years (range, 29–76); 23 pts (77%) were post-menopausal and 20 pts (67%) had visceral-dominant MBC. 50% of pts had prior adjuvant chemotherapy, 30% with taxane. Mean number of cycles administered was 6.7 (range 1–16). The relative delivered dose intensity for nab-P was 80%. Grade 3 neutropenia occurred in 50% of pts, and was the only grade 4 toxicity (7%). Febrile neutropenia occurred in 1 pt (3%). Grade 3 non-hematologic toxicity was uncommon: fatigue (7%), nausea/emesis (7%). Neuropathy was mild and infrequent: grade 3 (3%) and grade 2 (7%). HSR was noted in only 1/17 pts receiving Cb monthly. 26 of 30 pts are evaluable for response. 12/26 pts (46%; 95% CI 27–65%) had a confirmed complete or partial response (2 CR, 10 PR). The median TTP is 16 months (95% CI 7–28). Efficacy was not dependent upon Cb schedule. Conclusions: Both the activity and the favorable toxicity profile support continued exploration of this regimen in a larger population for 1st-line treatment of HER2+ MBC. Weekly Cb in the absence of corticosteroid prophylaxis may be associated with a higher risk of HSR than monthly dosing. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Genentech™ BioOncology Abraxis, Abraxis Oncology, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Genentech™ BioOncology Abraxis, Abraxis Oncology, Genentech™ BioOncology
A memorable interview: The odd man out
Authors: S. Turner
Journal: BMJ (2000)

ConclusionsWe have shown that in children and young people the agreement between temperature measured at the axilla and temperature measured at the rectum is relatively low.This may prevent low grade fever from being detected and has important implications when body temperature needs to be measured with precision.Further research is needed to establish whether sufficient accuracy can be achieved by measuring temperature at the axilla in neonates.We identified several methodological weaknesses in the included studies, which may have affected the results.We thank the authors who provided us with data from their studies and the reviewers for their helpful comments.
Identification of potential hot spots in the carboxy-terminal part of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BNLF-1 gene in both malignant and benign EBV-associated diseases: high frequency of a 30-bp deletion in Malaysian and Danish peripheral T-cell lymphomas
Authors: K Sandvej, SC Peh, BS Andresen, G Pallesen
Journal: Blood (1994)
Abstract 14867: Wnt11 Over-expressing Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Cardiomyocyte Proliferation by Paracrine Signaling
Authors: Jingcai Wang, Honghai Liu, Bin Yu, Min Gong, Yigang Wang, Muhammad Ashraf, Meifeng Xu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: The regenerative capacity of the heart is very limited and consequently, the heart cannot regenerate adequately after injury. Our previous studies showed that the paracrine factors released from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) overexpressing Wnt11 protected cardiomyocytes (CM) after myocardial infarction. Here, we hypothesized that these factors also stimulate CM proliferation. Methods and Results: MSCs harvested from rat bone marrow were transduced with Wnt11 (MSC Wnt11 ) or EGFP empty vector (MSC GFP ). Conditioned medium (CdM ) were obtained from MSC GFP (CdM GFP ) or MSC Wnt11 (CdM Wnt11 ) under normal and hypoxic culture for 36 hours. CM obtained from neonatal and adult rat ventricles were cultured in CdM GFP , CdM Wnt11 or CdM Wnt11-H medium for 3 and 7 days. Cultured CM were stained with BrdU, Ki67, and Aurora B, respectively and identified by staining with α-actinin. Some CM were positive for these proliferative markers ( Fig. 1 ). The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D2, Nkx2.5, b-myosin heavy chain (b-MHC), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), troponin I type 1 (Tnni1), troponin I type 3 (Tnni3), sarco-/endoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ -ATPase (SERCA2), and desmin was analysed ( Fig. 2 ). Although PCNA was downregulated in CM treated with CdM, other cardiac specific markers were significantly upregulated in CM treated with CdM Wnt11 or CdM Wnt11-H obtained from MSC Wnt11 exposed to hypoxia for 24 hours. Moreover, CdM Wnt11 also increased adult CM mitosis, cytokinesis, and CM numbers compared to CdM GFP . In addition, CdM significantly improved the contractile dyskinesis of adult CM caused by 7 days culture in non-serum M199 medium ( Fig. 3 ). Conclusions: Our studies support the hypothesis that paracrine factors released from MSC promote CM re-entry cell-cycle and proliferation. Wnt11 may serve as a positive regulator of CM proliferation.
Protracted dormancy of pre-leukemic stem cells
Authors: A M Ford, M B Mansur, C L Furness, F W van Delft, J Okamura, T Suzuki, H Kobayashi, Y Kaneko, M Greaves
Journal: Leukemia (2015)

Cancer stem cells can escape therapeutic killing by adopting a quiescent or dormant state. The reversibility of this condition provides the potential for later recurrence or relapse, potentially many years later. We describe the genomics of a rare case of childhood BCR-ABL1-positive, B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia that relapsed, with an acute myeloblastic leukemia immunophenotype, 22 years after the initial diagnosis, sustained remission and presumed cure. The primary and relapsed leukemias shared the identical BCR-ABL1 fusion genomic sequence and two identical immunoglobulin gene rearrangements, indicating that the relapse was a derivative of the founding clone. All other mutational changes (single-nucleotide variant and copy number alterations) were distinct in diagnostic or relapse samples. These data provide unambiguous evidence that leukemia-propagating cells, most probably pre-leukemic stem cells, can remain covert and silent but potentially reactivatable for more than two decades.
Abstract 13159: Adverse Right Ventricular Remodeling by Three Dimensional Echocardiographic Wall Motion Tracking in Pulmonary Hypertension is Associated with Patient Outcomes
Authors: Keiko Ryo, Akiko Goda, Antonia Delgado-Montero, Bhupendar Tayal, Marc A Simon, Michael A Mathier, John Gorcsan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Right ventricular (RV) adaptive versus adverse remodeling is of prognostic significance in pulmonary hypertension (PH), but its assessment is difficult. Objective: To apply the new technique of 3D echocardiographic wall motion tracking to quantify RV remodeling in PH patients and associate these findings with patient outcomes. Methods: We studied 92 PH patients with 3D wall motion tracking (Toshiba Corp.) for RV end-diastolic volume index (EDVI), end-systolic volume index (ESVI), RV ejection fraction (EF) and RV global area strain (G-AS). All PH patients had invasive systolic and mean pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP, mPAP), pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), cardiac index (CI), and right atrial pressure (RAP) measured. We used receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analysis with area under the curve (AUC) and regression of pressure-volume relations (sPAP and RV ESVI). We defined 3 PH groups: 1) RV Adapted, 2) RV Adapted-Remodeled and 3) RV Adverse-Remodeled. The primary end-point was hospi...