tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 242: Incidence and Relevance of Pulmonary Edema as a Result of Large-Volume, Ice-Cold Saline Infusion for the Induction of Hypothermia During Out-of-Hospital Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: John Freese
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: New York City Project Hypothermia is a collaborative effort involving the Fire Department of New York (FDNY), Greater New York Hospital Association, Health and Hospitals Corporation, the Regional Emergency Medical Advisory Committee, and the New York State Department of Health. As part of this effort, the FDNY implemented a pilot protocol that introduced the induction of therapeutic hypothermia during initial resuscitation efforts for nontraumatic adult cardiac arrests. Purpose: We sought to measure the incidence of pulmonary edema among patients receiving large-volume, ice-cold saline during initial resuscitation efforts and to assess the impact of this condition on immediate outcomes. Methods: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest data was analyzed for the following periods: August 1, 2009 - May 31, 2010 (historical control group) and August 1, 2010 - May 31, 2011 (study group). Pulmonary edema was defined as having occurred if clinical signs and symptoms were reported by the on-scene paramedics during a standardized post-resuscitation interview. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, and a p &lt;0.05 was considered significant. Results: There were 5,582 resuscitations during the control period and 4,727 resuscitations in the study period. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and sustained ROSC occurred among 29.0% and 21.9% of the control group and 31.7% and 24.1% of the study group, respectively. A total of 361/4,727 patients (7.6%) in the study period were experienced pulmonary edema. The ROSC and sustained ROSC rates for this population were 37.1% and 25.2%, respectively. These outcomes were significantly improved as compared to both the control group and the remainder of the study group (all p &lt;0.01). Conclusion: Clinical signs of pulmonary edema develop in some out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients receiving large volume, ice-cold saline infusion for the purpose of initiating therapeutic hypothermia. Given the improved immediate outcomes among these patients, the clinical relevance of this clinical condition is of uncertain significance.
Abstract 15629: Adequate Mitral Leaflet Compensation Prevents Development of Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Lin Zou, Xin Zeng, Jorge Solis, Mark D Handschumacher, J. Luis Guerrero, Suzanne M Sullivan, Nicholoas O Palmeri, Miguel Chaput, Robert A Levine, Judy Hung
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Although inferior myocardial infarctions (IMI) are commonly associated with development of ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR), it is unclear why some patients develop IMR despite simil...
Abstract 1642: Markers of Inflammation and the Risk of Developing Chronic Kidney Disease: Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Anoop Shankar, Barbara Klein, Karen Cruickshanks, Paul Muntner, Josef Coresh, Ronald Klein
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background:  Inflammatory processes are implicated in the development of diabetes and hypertension, which are risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD). In animal models, inflammatory processes have been shown to play an important role in kidney disease development. However, in humans, the independent relation between markers of inflammation and the risk of developing CKD is not clear.   Objective:  To examine the relationship of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha receptor2 (TNF- α R2) levels to CKD.   Design:  Population-based cohort in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (aged 44 – 85 years, 49% women) with 15 year follow-up data.   Setting:  General community   Participants:  We performed 2 set of analyses:  cross-sectional analysis among 4880 individuals with prevalent CKD (n=623) as the outcome-of-interest and  longitudinal analysis among 1889 CKD-free individuals at baseline with 15-year incident CKD as the outcome-of-interest (n=675).  Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95 percent confidence intervals (CI).   Main Outcome Measure:  CKD, defined as estimated GFR 2 .   Results:  In the cross-sectional analysis, we found that both CRP (OR [95%CI] comparing highest vs. lowest tertile: 1.48 [1.17–1.88]; p-trend=0.0007) and TNF- α R2 levels (OR [95%CI] comparing highest vs. lowest tertile: 3.51 [2.19 –5.61]; p-trend α R2 levels (OR [95%CI] comparing highest vs. lowest tertile: 2.22 [1.51–3.26]; p-trend   Conclusions:  Results from this study support the hypothesis of an association between elevated serum TNF- α R2 levels and the risk of developing CKD, suggesting a role for inflammatory mechanisms related TNF- α  in the etiology of CKD. Our results also suggest that elevated serum CRP may be a marker of heightened inflammatory processes that are activated secondary to kidney disease.
Treatment of Alzheimer's disease with short- and long-term oral THA and lecithin: a double-blind study
Authors: L J Fitten, K M Perryman, P L Gross, H Fine, J Cummins, C Marshall
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Ten Alzheimer's disease patients underwent a trial of oral tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) and lecithin. After 3 inpatient weeks there was no clear therapeutic effect. Three of six patients able to continue in long-term treatment showed measurable cognitive improvement, but only one displayed clinically obvious improvement.
Abstract 1: Noxa and ceramide: Crosstalk between Bcl-2 family members and ceramide in mediating intrinsic apoptosis in Molt-4 human T-cell leukemia
Authors: Hadile Kobeissy, Rouba Hage-Sleiman, Ghassan Dbaibo
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The sphingolipid breakdown product, ceramide, has been proposed as a coordinator of many cellular processes, one of which is apoptosis. We have previously shown that γ-irradiation induces p53-dependent apoptosis through ceramide accumulation in Molt-4 human T-cell leukemia cell line. Noxa, a BH3-only pro-apoptotic protein and a member in the Bcl-2 family, is activated by p53 and regulates downstream proteins that initiate mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) and subsequently apoptosis. Here we identify a novel link between Noxa and ceramide in the apoptotic pathway that were previously thought to work independently. Specifically, we knocked down either p53 or Noxa protein expression in γ-irradiated Molt-4 cells and measured ceramide level in response to γ-irradiation. Our results demonstrate that ceramide accumulation requires the expression of both p53 and Noxa whereas inhibition of either p53 or Noxa totally inhibits ceramide accumulation. Furthermore, lipid and protein analysis of mitochondria isolated from Molt-4 cells showed a simultaneous ceramide accumulation and cytochrome c release, suggesting that ceramide's role is intricately related to the execution phase of apoptosis. These findings establish a role for Noxa in regulating ceramide at the mitochondrial level and provide a better understanding of the mechanisms of apoptosis initiated by p53. Citation Format: Hadile Kobeissy, Rouba Hage-Sleiman, Ghassan Dbaibo. Noxa and ceramide: Crosstalk between Bcl-2 family members and ceramide in mediating intrinsic apoptosis in Molt-4 human T-cell leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1
Abstract 1043: Has the Sex Gap in 30-Day Mortality Post Acute Myocardial Infarction Narrowed in Recent Years?
Authors: Mona Izadnegahdar, Aihua Pu, Min Gao, Karin Humphries
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Studies in early 1990s showed that women had higher risk for short term mortality post AMI compared to men. Considering the overall improvements in treatment of AMI and increased awaren...
The exercise test that indicates a low risk of events
Authors: Rafael Florenciano-Sánchez, Juan A Castillo-Moreno, Eduardo Molina-Laborda, Manuel Jiménez-Pascual, Pedro García-Urruticoechea, Santiago Egea-Beneyto, José G Sánchez-Villanueva, Juan Ortega-Bernal
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia Contributes To Pro-Inflammatory Macrophage Alteration In Visceral Adipose Tissue Of Lean And Obese Mice
Authors: Aoife M Murphy, Amandine Thomas, Murtaza Tambuwala, Walter T McNicholas, Helen M Roche, Cormac T Taylor, Jean-Louis Pepin, Claire Arnaud, Silke Ryan
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Introduction: Intermittent hypoxia (IH) as a hallmark feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a major pathophysiological trigger for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases occurring in OSA. Obesity and OSA may interact in cardiometabolic processes and IH has been suggested to mediate its action through the visceral adipose tissue (AT) promoting a pro-inflammatory response. Metabolically dysfunctional AT in obesity is characterized by macrophage infiltration and polarization of macrophages towards a pro-inflammatory insulin resistance promoting M1, “classically activated” over an anti M2, “alternatively activated” phenotype. Aim of the study was to investigate the impact of IH on AT M1/M2 relationship in lean and diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Methods: Male C57Bl/6 mice (5-weeks old) were fed on a low-fat diet (LF, 10%fat, n=20) or on a high-fat diet (HF, 60% fat, n=26) for 14 weeks and then randomized to 6 weeks of IH (inspired oxygen 5-21%, 60 sec cycle, 8hrs/day) or intermittent normoxia (N). Insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed at the end of the protocol. M1 and M2 populations of the stromal vascular fraction of epididymal AT were assessed by flow cytometry.Results: As expected, HF-IH mice were significantly lighter than HF-N at the end of the study, but there was no difference in weight between LF-IH and LF-N. IH contributed to insulin resistance in both, LF and HF and this was associated with higher percentage of AT M1 macrophages (LF: N vs IH: 1.5±0.4% vs 4.3±3.7; p=0.049; HF: 6.8±2.8 vs 11.8±3.8; p=0.009). HF mice demonstrated lower M2 than LF mice (p=0.022) but there was no difference between groups on IH and N treatment.Conclusion: IH contributes to pro-inflammatory macrophage polarization in AT and insulin resistance. Further studies will determine the intermediate mechanisms underlying these events.
Community mental health centers and the treatment of severe mental disorder
Authors: H H Goldman, D A Regier, C A Taube, R W Redick, R D Bass
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

Between 1970 and 1975 the number and rate of admissions to community mental health centers of people given a diagnosis of schizophrenia increased dramatically. However, the proportion of patients with schizophrenia admitted to community mental health centers declined because the increase in the rate of admissions of patients with schizophrenia was diluted by the large increase in the rate of admissions of patients with other diagnoses. The authors review the data on trends in admissions of patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia in the context of an expanding system of mental health services characterized by changes in the locus of care.
Abstract 16796: The DNA Damage Response Mediates Endothelial Cell Senescence Induced by Electronegative LDL
Authors: Yu-Chen Wang, Long-Sheng Lu, Jian-Wen Dong, Jonathan Lu, An-Sheng Lee, Shu-Hua Chen, Hong Dou, Taha Y Kuzan, Kuan-Cheng Chang, Richard Af Dixon, Chu-Huang Chen
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Canadian Cancer Conference: Proceedings of the Seventh Canadian Cancer Research Conference, honey Harbour, Ontario, 1966. J. F. Morgan, R. L. Noble, R. J. Rossiter, R. M. Taylor, A. C. Wallace, and D. M. Whitelaw (eds.). New York: Pergamon Press, 1967. 432 pp. $25.
Authors: Prabhakar D. Lotlikar
Journal: Cancer Research (1968)
Abstract 1509: Exercise Training Started Before Myocardial Infarction Improves Survival but Aggravates Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Monique C de Waard, Dirk J Duncker
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Regular physical activity in patients with established coronary heart disease not only reduces the incidence of cardiac events, but also reduces the risk of all-cause mortality. Recently, we showed in mice that exercise training (EX) started immediately after myocardial infarction (MI) ameliorates left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Here we tested the hypothesis that additional exercise training prior to an acute MI, i.e. a higher level of physical fitness at the time of MI, is associated with improved survival and attenuated LV dysfunction after MI. Methods and Results: MI was induced by permanent coronary ligation in 128 C57Bl/6 mice and subsequently followed by 8 weeks of voluntary wheel running (MI-EX) or sedentary housing (MI). In a third group, voluntary wheel running was started two weeks before induction of MI (EX-MI-EX). Sham operated mice served as controls. EX after MI had no effect on survival, infarct size, LV hypertrophy or dilation (Table ). However, EX improved LV function, reflected in enhanced LV fractional shortening (FS), rate of rise in LV pressure at 30 mmHg (LVdP/dt P30 ), and decreased pulmonary congestion and right ventricular weight (RVW). When EX was started prior to MI, post-MI survival nearly doubled and mice ran an average post-MI distance of ~7km/d compared to ~5km/d in MI-EX mice. Infarct cross-sectional area was larger, which was principally due to an increased infarct thickness (0.15±0.02mm EX-MI-EX vs 0.11±0.01mm MI; P =0.06). Surprisingly, however, LV hypertrophy and dysfunction were aggravated in the EX-MI-EX group compared to MI-EX. Conclusion: In line with our hypothesis, EX started prior to MI improved survival. However, contrary to our hypothesis, the improved survival was associated with a deterioration of LV dysfunction. The latter may have been the result of survival and hence inclusion of mice with the most severe LV dysfunction.
Effect of the Rennie decision on private hospitalization in New Jersey: two case reports
Authors: I N Perr
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1981)

The Rennie decision in New Jersey on the right to refuse treatment has been extended from public mental health programs to private psychiatric hospitals where conditions are very different from those which engendered the decision. This ripple effect may result in therapeutic delay, increased cost, possible general medical neglect, family turmoil, and misuse or loss of insurance benefits. The two cases described by the author resulted in expenditures of more than $30,000 by the patients and their insurers. The author criticizes the policy of using independent psychiatrists to review treatment in private hospitals. He believes that if the right to refuse treatment is maintained, prompt judicial review without prior restraining orders should be public policy.
IMPACT study: A phase II-III clinical study with the immunomodulator MGN1703 in patients with advanced colorectal carcincoma.
Authors: Marina Tschaika, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Jorge Riera-Knorrenschild, Dieter Nitsche, Jorg Trojan, H. Kröning, Fritz Albert Maiwirth, Marcel Reiser, Matthias Schroff, Ekaterina Weith, Manuel Schmidt, Burghardt Wittig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

633 Background: The synthetic DNA-based immunomodulator MGN1703 acts as an agonist of toll-like receptor 9. Based on promising data from a phase I study in patients with metastatic solid tumors including those with CRC, a phase II-III study was initiated in patients with advanced CRC having disease control after first-line therapy. The objective of the study is to assess efficacy and safety of the MGN1703 treatment in comparison to placebo. Methods: The IMPACT study is designed as a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase II-III study, which is conducted in patients with advanced CRC showing disease control after first-line therapy with standard chemotherapy regimen. The treatment is administered subcutaneously twice weekly in a ratio 2:1 (60 mg MGN1703 or placebo). The study is conducted in Germany, Austria, France, UK, Czech Republic and Russia, and 129 patients will be recruited into the study. The efficacy and safety of the study treatment will be evaluated based on extensive immunological tests, radiological assessment, safety laboratory results and assessments of the quality of life. The study treatment will be continued until tumor progression, intolerable toxicity, exclusion criteria or withdrawal of consent. Results: The majority of adverse events were assessed as not drug-related by the investigator. The remaining AEs include mild night sweat (not assessable), mild fever (at three occasions, possible related), and mild arthralgia (certain related) in one patient each. Three SAE have been reported so far of which one was assessed as probably drug-related – atypical pneumonia. Only in single patients local reactions such as mild redness and swelling at injection site were reported. No laboratory or clinical signs of autoimmunity or dose-limiting toxicities were reported, so far. Conclusions: With these preliminary safety results of the ongoing clinical study in patients with advanced CRC it could be shown that ttreatment with MGN1703 at the dosage of 60 mg is well tolerated and safe. Reported adverse events assessed as possibly drug-related belong to expected study drug reactions known for immune modulating drugs. These events were not accompanied by any signs of autoimmunity.
Abstract 9478: Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Increased Risk of Fatal Stroke Among Whites but not Blacks: the NHANES-III Linked Mortality Files
Authors: Erin D Michos, Jared P Reis, Wendy S Post, Pamela L Lutsey, Rebecca F Gottesman, Thomas H Mosley, Albert R Sharrett, Michal L Melamed
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. Prior data suggest racial differences in 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels may partially...
DNA Sequencing-Based Monitoring Of Serum Predicts Clinical Relapse Before CT Imaging in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Mark Roschewski, Stefania Pittaluga, Kieron Dunleavy, Katherine Kong, Margaret Shovlin, Elaine S. Jaffe, Louis M. Staudt, Jianbiao Zheng, Tom Willis, Malek Faham, Wyndham H Wilson
Journal: Blood (2013)
Dihydrotestosterone in prostatic hypertrophy
Authors: Robert E. Gloyna, Pentti K. Siiteri, Jean D. Wilson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

Three types of studies have been performed in immature, mature, and hypertrophic prostate glands of the dog. First, the concentrations of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have been measured in the three types of gland. Dihydrotestosterone was the predominant hormone recovered in all prostates studied and was present in approximately five times higher concentration in the hypertrophic as compared to the other types of dog prostate. Second, pharmacological doses of dihydrotestosterone were administered to castrated dogs for 9 months and resulted in a distinct acceleration of prostatic growth as compared to testosterone treatment. Third, the rates of formation and degradation of dihydrotestosterone were measured in normal and hypertrophic tissue and were found to be essentially the same. These observations suggest that dihydrotestosterone accumulation may be causally linked to the development of canine prostatic hypertrophy. However, the mechanism by which dihydrotestosterone accumulates in the prostate remains to be determined.
Abstract 2378: End of Life Preferences in Elderly Heart Failure Patients: To Live Better or Longer?
Authors: Hans Peter Brunner-La Rocca, Ruth Schindler, Hans Rickli, Paul Erne, Stefan Osswald, Martin Peter, Hans J Beer, Se I Yoon, Michael Schieber, Matthias E Pfisterer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: It is generally assumed that elderly patients (pts) with severe chronic disease would prefer improved quality of life (QoL) rather than prolonged survival and that this would depend on ...
Abstract 8734: The Utility of Troponin I in Two Cohorts of Cardiac Patients: Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Sameer Sayeed, Joann R Petrini, David Copen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Minor elevations in troponin I are common among patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and those with new supraventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT). These troponin I elevations are often attributed to an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, minor elevations in troponin I may be present for other reasons, such as demand ischemia. Our aim was to observe the prevalence of troponin I elevations in patients with: 1) new onset atrial fibrillation (A-fib), flutter (A-flutter) or SVT and 2) known CAD following exercise, and to assess the hypothesis that troponin I elevations in these settings would not be indicative of ACS. Methods: This study included two components. First, a retrospective review of 740 charts of patients with new onset A-fib, A-flutter or ectopic SVT presenting to the Danbury Hospital Emergency Department between July 2009 and July 2010. Excluded were 45 patients with symptoms and EKG changes indicating ACS on admission. Second, a separate sample of 75 patients with known CAD presenting to the Danbury Hospital Cardiology Clinic for follow-up imaging stress tests were recruited. Eligible patients underwent a stress test and perfusion imaging and had one troponin I sample drawn prior to the stress test and a second at the completion of all imaging four hours later. Results: Among patients with new A-fib, A-flutter and SVT, 31.9% had minor elevations in troponin I levels (values ranged from 0.05-1.0 ng/mL). In those with elevation, 64% had no documented CAD. In addition, for those with elevation, 78.4% had new onset A-fib, 11.3% had new onset A-flutter and 10.4% had new onset SVT. In the separate cohort of patients with CAD who underwent stress testing, 38.7% had troponin elevation following exercise. A total of 50.7% of these patients had no evidence of ischemia by EKG and perfusion and 54.7% had a Duke Treadmill score greater than or equal to 5. Conclusion: For patients with chronic CAD subject to physical stress or those with new onset A-fib, flutter or SVT, small elevations in troponin I are fairly common, and often do not indicate ACS. In a cost containment environment, expensive therapy and testing of these patients may be unnecessary.
Abstract 2912: The Effect of Cumulative Right Ventricular Pacing on the Long-Term Benefit of the Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator
Authors: Ilan Goldenberg, Scott McNitt, Mary Brown, Wojciech Zareba, Arthur J Moss
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Active right ventricular (RV) pacing was shown to increase the risk for heart failure events in patients with an ICD. However, currently there are no data regarding the long-term effect...