tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fibrocytes are detected in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Authors: Raphael Borie, Christophe Quesnel, Sophie Phin, Marie-Pierre Debray, Joelle Marchal-Somme, Kiet Tiev, Paul Soler, Monique Dehoux, Bruno Crestani
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Fibrocytes are circulating precursors for fibroblasts. Their role in the pathogenesis of IPF is debated. Blood Fibrocytes are increased in patients with IPF, but there are no data concerning BAL. The aim of this study was to determine whether fibrocytes are present in the alveolar space and identify their prognostic value.   Methods:  We detected and quantified fibrocytes by FACS (CD45+, Collagen1+) in BAL from 26 patients with IPF (3 exacerbations), 8 patients with Systemic Sclerosis and lung involvement, and 11 controls. BAL cells were cultured to isolate alveolar fibroblasts. MCP-1 and CXCL12 were measured in BAL fluid.   Results:  Fibrocytes were not detected in controls, but were detected in 14/26 IPF (54%) and 4/8 SSc. Median% fibrocytes was 2.5% [0,4-19,7] in IPF, 3.0% [2.7-3.7] in SSc (NS). Fibroblasts were cultured from BAL in 12/26 IPF (46%), 5/8 SSc (65%) and 2 controls (P= 0,04). The detection of fibrocytes was not associated with demographics, delay from diagnosis, fibrosis HRCT score, or% survival but was associated with lower DLCO. Fibrocytes did not correlate with MCP-1 and CXCL12 BAL concentration and was not associated with the presence of fibroblasts in culture.   Conclusion:  Fibrocytes are detected in BAL fluid in about half patients with IPF and SSc. Their prognostic significance is uncertain.
Use of CA-125 to Define Progression of Ovarian Cancer in Patients With Persistently Elevated Levels
Authors: Gordon J.S. Rustin, Maria Marples, Ann E. Nelstrop, Mohamed Mahmoudi, Tim Meyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

To determine an accurate definition for progression of ovarian cancer in patients with a persistently elevated serum CA-125.A retrospective analysis was performed on 300 patients with epithelial ovarian carcinoma with at least one measurement of CA-125. The date of progression according to clinical or radiologic criteria was ascertained in the 88 patients with persistently elevated CA-125 levels (> 23 U/mL). This was compared with the date of progression according to CA-125, defined as the date on which the CA-125 level first increased to >or= twice its nadir level, confirmed by a second sample also >or= twice the nadir.Eighty of the 88 patients had evidence of progression by both standard and CA-125 criteria, giving a sensitivity of 94%. In six of these patients, no sample was taken to confirm CA-125 doubling. In 13 patients, CA-125 doubling occurred after the date of clinical progression. Only one patient had a false-positive prediction of progression according to CA-125; the patient died as a result of a myocardial infarct before evidence of clinical progression.In patients whose CA-125 level decreases to normal after chemotherapy, a doubling from the upper limit of normal has been shown to predict progression. In those with persistently elevated levels, doubling of CA-125 from its nadir level has now been shown to accurately define progression. If confirmed, these CA-125 criteria should be used as additional end points in clinical trials.
The damage of skeletal muscles due to A (H1N1v) virus
Authors: Sergey Lukyanov, Vladimir Gorbunov, Anatoly Govorin, Elena Romanova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction.  The feature of the A (H1N1v) virus infection is the development of rhabdomyolysis of skeletal muscles, accompanied by increased levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and myoglobin of blood. [Carrillo-Esper R. Gac. Med. Mex. 2009; 45: 519-521]. Rhabdomyolysis leads to aggravation of respiratory failure (RF) and hypoxemia.  Aims and objectives.  The aim of the study was to investigate the level of skeletal muscle damage markers in A (H1N1v) virus infection.  Methods.  135 patients with pneumonia associated with influenza A (H1N1v) were examined in Chita in season 2009-2010. Of them 58 (group I) were hospitalized to the ICU. Group II included 77 patients in the pulmonological department. 20 patients died. The virus was verified by the PCR. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) study was performed using paraffin sections of kidney parenchyma by biotin-streptavidin immunoperoxidase method with anti-human myoglobin after the autopsy.  Results.  In Group I patients the increased CK levels were found in 68.9% of cases, LDH - in 79.3% of cases. In Group II CK and LDH levels were increased in 2.59% and 3.89% of patients, respectively. CK and LDH levels in the blood of patients died of influenza A (H1N1v) were 1088 U\L [780; 1550] and 895 [800; 1457], in survivors - 87 [62; 189] and 285 [235; 400 respectively. The presence of myoglobin in the lumen of kidney tubules by IHC was revealed in 18 fatal cases (90%).  Conclusion.  The increased level of CK and LDH in blood are the prognostic markers of the severity and mortality due to influenza A (H1N1v), associated with the presence of myoglobin in the kidney tubules.
Abstract 6163: Potential Pathogenetic Involvement of Agonistic Autoantibodies Against Alpha-1 Adrenergic and Endothelin-1 Receptors in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Michael Dandel, Gerd Wallukat, Angela Englert, Hans B Lehmkul, Roland Hetzer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background Pulmonary arterial α1-adrenergic receptors (α1-AR) show particularly high sensitivity for noradrenaline (NA) and NA plasma levels and are elevated in patients with pulmonary arterial hyp...
Abstract 16144: MitochondriaL Oxidant Stress Enhances S-Glutathionylation OF the Flavin Subcomplex of Complex I in the Post-ischemic Heart
Authors: Patrick T Kang, Yeong-renn Chen
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Complex I (NQR) is a critical site of superoxide (O2•-) production and the major site for redox control in mitochondria. Previously we found that S-glutathionylation (S-glut) of NQR can occur in vi...
Symptoms of chronic bronchitis have decreased among Finnish men during 40 years
Authors: Pekka Jousilahti, Tiina Laatikainen, Tari Haahtela, Erkki Vartiainen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction : Smoking, air pollution and infections are major risk factors determining the prevalence of chronic bronchitis.   Aim : To assess the prevalence of the classical symptoms of chronic bronchitis and their 40-year trends among men and women in eastern Finland.   Methods : Study population consists of eastern Finnish men and women aged 30 to 59 years who participated in population-based health surveys (the National FINRISK Study) conducted every five years since 1972 (total of nine surveys). Data were collected using standardized questionnaires including three questions: (1) cough with sputum in winter mornings, (2) cough with sputum during day and night during winter and (3) occurrence of cough with sputum during the most days and nights at least three months during a year.   Results : Among men the prevalence of all three symptoms decreased between 1972 and 2007: from 34.2 % to 14.6% for morning symptom, 30.5-14.7 % for day and night symptoms, and 25.4-13.5 % for the symptoms lasting at least three months during a year. A small increase of the symptoms was observed between 2007-2012. Among women the prevalence of the symptoms varied only slightly during the 40-year period: being 19.5% in 2012 for morning symptom, 17.6% for day and night symptom, and 17.3 % for the symptoms lasting at least three months during a year.   Conclusions : Prevalence of the symptoms of chronic bronchitis decreased markedly between 1972 and 2012 among men, but remained at the same level among women. In 1972 symptoms were twice more common in men than in women, but in 2012 women reported symptoms slightly more often. These different trends are most probably explained by different trends in smoking prevalence in men and women.
Abstract 9317: Combined Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilatation of the Brachial Artery and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity Has an Additive Value on Prediction of Future Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Chronic Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Wataru Sugamata, Manabu Uematu, Juntarou Deyama, Mitsumasa Hirano, Takamitsu Nakamura, Yoshinobu Kitta, Keita Sano, Daisuke Fujioka, Yukio Saitou, Ken-ichi Kawabata, Jun-ei Obata, Kiyotaka Kugiyama
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery can assess systemic endothelial dysfunction that is an early phase of atherosclerosis. The brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (PWV) reflects systemic arterial stiffness. Both are widely used as noninvasive methods for assessment of systemic atherosclerosis. This study examined the hypothesis that the combined assessment of FMD and PWV may have an additive effect on the prediction of cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with chronic coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods and Results: FMD and PWV were measured in 625 consecutive patients with chronic CAD. All study patients were prospectively followed up for &lt; 8.5 years or until occurrence of one of the following CV events: cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure requiring hospitalization, recurrent or refractory unstable angina pectoris (uAP) requiring coronary revascularization and ischemic stroke. During a mean follow-up of 71 ± 26 months, 79 events occurred (14 cardiac death, 19 MI, 10 heart failure, 31 uAP, 5 stroke). FMD value was not significantly correlated with PWV value, although there was a tendency to have an inverse correlation (r = - 0.11, p = 0.14). Patients with a CV event had lower FMD and higher PWV than those without a CV event (FMD: 3.56 ± 0.28% vs. 5.11± 0.56%, p &lt; 0.01. PWV: 1757 ± 36 cm/sec vs. 1645 ± 38 cm/sec, p = 0.01). In a multivariate Cox hazards analysis, low FMD (&lt; 4.3%, 50 th percentile of study patients) and high PWV (≥ 1660 cm/sec, 50 th percentile of study patients) were significant predictors of CV events (HR;1.58 and 1.66, 95% CI 1.01 - 2.48 and 1.05 - 2.61, respectively, both p &lt; 0.05) that were independent of age, LDL-C levels, hypertension, smoking and diabetes. When outcomes were stratified according to low FMD and high PWV in combination or alone, the combination of low FMD and high PWV was the strongest predictor of CV events, followed by low FMD alone or high PWV alone on the basis of the c -statistic (area under the ROC curve; 0.75, 0.60 and 0.63, respectively). Conclusions: Combined assessment of FMD and PWV has an additive value on the prediction of future cardiovascular events in patients with CAD. This combined assessment may be useful for risk stratification in patients with CAD.
Profiling of the small RNA populations in human testicular germ cell tumors shows global loss of piRNAs
Authors: TB Rounge, K Furu, RI Skotheim, TB Haugen, T Grotmol, E Enerly
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

Small non-coding RNAs play essential roles in gene regulation, however, the interplay between RNA groups, their expression levels and deregulations in tumorigenesis requires additional exploration. In particular, a comprehensive analysis of microRNA (miRNA), PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs), and tRNA-derived small RNAs in human testis and testicular germ cell tumor (TGCT) is lacking. We performed small RNA sequencing on 22 human TGCT samples from 5 histological subtypes, 3 carcinoma in situ, and 12 normal testis samples. miRNA was the most common group among the sequences 18–24 nt in length and showed histology-specific expression. In normal samples, most sequences 25–31 nucleotides in length displayed piRNA characteristics, whereas a large proportion of the sequences 32–36 nt length was derived from tRNAs. Expression analyses of the piRNA population demonstrated global loss in all TGCT subtypes compared to normal testis. In addition, three 5′ small tRNA fragments and 23 miRNAs showed significant (p < 10−6) differential expression in cancer vs normal samples. We have documented significant changes in the small RNA populations in normal adult testicular tissue and TGCT samples. Although components of the same pathways might be involved in miRNA, piRNA and tRNA-derived small RNA biogenesis, our results showed that the response to the carcinogenic process differs between these pathways, suggesting independent regulation of their biogenesis. Overall, the small RNA deregulation in TGCT provides new insight into the small RNA interplay.
Abstract 4696: Myocardial Velocities and Longitudinal Strain Assessed by Speckle Tracking can Predict Optimal Timing of Surgery in Asymptomatic Patients with Severe Primary Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: Maria Florescu, Diana C Benea, Gheorghe Cerin, Marco Diena, Mircea Cinteza, Dragos Vinereanu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Optimal timing of mitral valve repair in asymptomatic patients with primary mitral regurgitation (PMR) is still controversial. LV ejection fraction (EF) and end-systolic diameter (ESD) represent the most widely used indices to demonstrate LV dysfunction, however, in many cases, a normal EF can mask significant LV impairment. Therefore, new methods might be better to detect subclinical LV dysfunction, and thereby, to improve timing of mitral valve surgery. To assess accuracy and predictive value of indices of tissue Doppler and speckle tracking to detect subclinical LV dysfunction with further impaired postoperative LV function, in asymptomatic patients with severe PMR. 23 asymptomatic patients (59±13 years, 14 male) with severe PMR (regurgitant volume &gt; 65 ml), and LVEF &gt; 60% and ESD &lt; 45 mm, were evaluated preoperatively and at 14 days after successful MVR. 11 patients had a postoperative EF reduction &gt;10% (group A), and 12 patients an EF reduction &lt;10% (group B). Conventional and tissue Doppler echo were used to assess LV diameters and volumes, LV mass index, EF, and long-axis systolic function (from mean 6 basal segments velocities - STDE, and mean time-to-peak systolic contraction - TTP-S); and 2D speckle tracking was used to assess mean negative longitudinal strain of 6 segments in the apical 4-chamber view (LS). Although both groups had similar preoperative LV mass index, LV diameters and volumes, and EF, group A had significantly lower STDE and LS (7.58±0.9 vs. 10.7±1.3 m/s; and −16.29±4.6% vs. −20.57±2.1%, both p&lt;0.01), and a significant higher TTP-S (207.3±73.6 vs. 147.3 ±24 ms, p=0.01) than group B. Multiple regression analysis showed that STDE, and the combination of STDE and LS, represent the main independent predictors for postoperative EF reduction &gt;10% (R 2 = 0.66, p&lt;0.001; and R 2 = 0.80, p&lt;0.05, respectively). A cutoff limit of STDE of 9.2 cm/s had a 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity to predict a postoperative EF reduction &gt;10%. Tissue Doppler systolic indices and longitudinal strain assessed by speckle tracking can detect subclinical LV dysfunction and predict impaired postoperative LV dysfunction, in asymptomatic patients with severe PMR.
Comparative Pathological Changes in AKR Mice Following Intranasal Instillation of Tumor Cells and Streptococci
Authors: Russell T. Jordan, Susumu Ohno
Journal: Cancer Research (1958)

Summary  1.A method has been described for the intranasal deposition of Streptococci Group A and “ascites”-form lymphatic leukemia cells in AKR mice.  2.The technic of their deposition onto the nasal mucosa and control of the volume used resulted in a marked, constant lymphadenitis or tumor growth initially confined to the submaxillary lymph nodes with little or no involvement of the mesenteric or inguinal nodes.  3.Unilateral or bilateral lymphadenopathy was achieved, depending on the side of nasal instillation and volume of the inoculum.  4.Little or no extension of the inflammatory process to the contiguous tissues or to the lungs occurred following intranasal deposition of Group A Streptococci, while extension of tumor growth into the submaxillary gland, lungs, and mediastinal nodes was a frequent occurrence.  5.Following nasal instillation of Streptococci, the earliest involvement occurred in the subcapsular sinus of the submaxillary nodes. The absence of involvement of other regional lymph nodes in mice infected intranasally is strongly suggestive evidence that the inciting agents travel through the nasal mucosa to the regional cervical lymph nodes by way of the lymphatics of the head.  6.No focus of bacterial or tumor growth occurred at any point between the site of deposition on the undamaged nasal mucosa and the cervical lymph nodes.
Consensus Statement on the Live Organ Donor
Authors: None The Authors for the Live Organ Donor Consensus Group
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ObjectiveTo recommend practice guidelines for transplant physicians, primary care providers, health care planners, and all those who are concerned about the well-being of the live organ donor.ParticipantsAn executive group representing the National Kidney Foundation, and the American Societies of Transplantation, Transplant Surgeons, and Nephrology formed a steering committee of 12 members to evaluate current practices of living donor transplantation of the kidney, pancreas, liver, intestine, and lung. The steering committee subsequently assembled more than 100 representatives of the transplant community (physicians, nurses, ethicists, psychologists, lawyers, scientists, social workers, transplant recipients, and living donors) at a national conference held June 1-2, 2000, in Kansas City, Mo.Consensus ProcessAttendees participated in 7 assigned work groups. Three were organ specific (lung, liver, and kidney) and 4 were focused on social and ethical concerns (informed consent, donor source, psychosocial issues, and live organ donor registry). Work groups' deliberations were structured by a series of questions developed by the steering committee. Each work group presented its deliberations to an open plenary session of all attendees. This information was stored and shaped into a statement circulated electronically to all attendees for their comments, and finally approved by the steering committee for publication. The term consensus is not meant to convey universal agreement of the participants. The statement identifies issues of controversy; however, the wording of the entire statement is a consensus by approval of all attendees.ConclusionThe person who gives consent to be a live organ donor should be competent, willing to donate, free from coercion, medically and psychosocially suitable, fully informed of the risks and benefits as a donor, and fully informed of the risks, benefits, and alternative treatment available to the recipient. The benefits to both donor and recipient must outweigh the risks associated with the donation and transplantation of the living donor organ.
Identification of checkpoints in human T-cell development using severe combined immunodeficiency stem cells
Authors: Anna-Sophia Wiekmeijer, Karin Pike-Overzet, Hanna IJspeert, Martijn H. Brugman, Ingrid L.M. Wolvers-Tettero, Arjan C. Lankester, Robbert G.M. Bredius, Jacques J.M. van Dongen, Willem E. Fibbe, Anton W. Langerak, Mirjam van der Burg, Frank J.T. Staal
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
CD30/Ki-1-positive lymphoproliferative disorders of the skin--clinicopathologic correlation and statistical analysis of 86 cases: a multicentric study from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Cutaneous Lymphoma Project Group.
Authors: M Paulli, E Berti, R Rosso, E Boveri, S Kindl, C Klersy, M Lazzarino, G Borroni, F Menestrina, M Santucci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE Recently, it has been shown that CD30 antigen expression is associated with a relatively favorable prognosis in primary cutaneous large-cell lymphomas (CLCLs). However, prognostic subsets within the CD30+ group have been difficult to identify due to lack of uniform clinicopathologic and immunophenotypic criteria, limited clinical information, and the inclusion of relatively few patients for statistical analysis in prior studies. To address these problems, we formed a multicentric study group of pathologists and dermatologists to classify and evaluate 92 cases of CD30+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders. PATIENTS AND METHODS An expert panel established consensus diagnoses for 86 CD30+ cutaneous lymphomas. Cases, clinically and histologically classified as lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP), anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), nonanaplastic lymphoma, and borderline histology between LyP and ALCL, were then analyzed statistically by univariate, multivariate, and Cox regression model analysis of potential prognostic features. RESULTS Spontaneous regression and age less than 60 years were associated with a favorable prognosis, while extracutaneous disease and age greater than 60 had a poor prognosis. Patients with LyP had the best prognosis, followed by those with primary CD30+ lymphomas, regardless of cytologic type (anaplastic or nonanaplastic). Borderline cases, morphologically indistinguishable from LyP and CD30+ ALCL, had a favorable prognosis, similar to LyP. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that CD30+ cutaneous lymphoproliferative disorders comprise a spectrum of closely related skin lesions, which can be assigned a relatively favorable or unfavorable prognosis by a combined clinical and pathologic analysis.
Rising Lung Cancer Mortality Among Nonsmokers
Authors: J E Enstrom
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

On the basis of data available from two representative samples of lung cancer deaths in the United States as well as national mortality statistics and other epidemiologic studies, the lung cancer mortality rate has risen substantially between 1914 and 1968 among persons who never smoked cigarettes. For white males the relative increase for ages 35--84 years has been about 15-fold; the relative increase for ages 65--84 years has been about 30-fold. For white females the relative increase for ages 35--84 years has been about sevenfold. Most of the relative increase occurred before 1935 and was probably due to changes in diagnostic criteria. However, increases have continued up to the present for male nonsmokers, who now apparently have an annual age-adjusted lung cancer death rate of about 25 per 100,000 persons between the ages 35--84 years. The rising lung cancer rate among nonsmokers indicates that factors in addition to personal cigarette smoking have had a significant effect on the mortality rate from this disease. In spite of the limited quality of these data, they suggest that a more complete understanding of lung cancer etiology is needed.
Antitumor Effects of Interferon Preparations In Mice
Authors: Ion Gresser, Chantal Bourali
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Repeated daily intraperitoneal administration of preparations of mouse brain interferon increased the survival of BALB/c, C57BL/6, and DBA/2 mice inoculated intraperitoneally with several thousand Ehrlich ascites (EA), RC19, EL4, L1210, and E ♂ G 2 tumor cells. Antitumor effect was most marked in BALB/c mice inoculated with EA cells, and this experimental system was chosen for more detailed investigation: 1) Interferon treatment of mice before inoculation of EA cells was ineffective. 2) Subcutaneous administration of interferon increased mouse survival, but was probably less effective than intraperitoneal inoculation. 3) The efficacy of treatment in increasing mouse survival was directly related to its efficacy in inhibiting tumor growth and inversely proportional to the number of EA cells inoculated. One to ten EA cells constituted 1 LD50 for untreated mice, whereas 104–105 EA cells constituted 1 LD50 for interferon-treated mice. 4) Phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages was observed on smears obtained from the peritoneal cavities of mice treated with interferon, but not from untreated mice or mice treated with normal brain extract. 5) Interferon-treated mice surviving inoculation of EA cells had an enhanced resistance to reinoculation of EA cells. The mechanism of the antitumor effect in interferon-treated mice is still unknown.