tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized placebo-controlled evaluation of hydrazine sulfate in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Authors: C L Loprinzi, S A Kuross, J R O'Fallon, D H Gesme, J B Gerstner, R M Rospond, C D Cobau, R M Goldberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Hydrazine sulfate is a controversial agent that was originally studied in cancer patients approximately 20 years ago. Based on a series of recent trials that suggested that this drug might have utility in cancer patients, we conducted this study.Patients with metastatic colorectal cancer were randomized to receive hydrazine sulfate or placebo in a double-blinded manner. Protocol patients did not concurrently receive any other systemic antineoplastic treatment.There were 127 assessable patients entered onto this clinical trial. Data from the study showed trends both for poorer survival and for poorer quality of life (QL) in the hydrazine group. There were no significant differences in the two study arms with regard to anorexia or weight loss.This trial failed to demonstrate any benefit for hydrazine sulfate.
Surveillance of autopsy cases for D222G substitutions in haemagglutinin of the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus in Alberta, Canada
Authors: S.J. Drews, K. Pabbaraju, S. Wong, K.L. Tokaryk, J. May-Hadford, B. Lee, R. Tellier, M. Louie
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Bridging Anticoagulation Offers No Perioperative Benefit
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Assessment of viral load and time course of pulmonary inflammation in a murine model of H1N1 (PR8) influenza virus infection
Authors: Rachel Armstrong, Steve Jordan, John Carter, Alison Rowles, Ken Meecham, Debbie Rodgers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Influenza virus infection results in a respiratory disease that ranges in severity from sub-clinical infection to primary viral pneumonia. We investigated the effect of inoculation of amantadine sensitive A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) [PR8] in mice and evaluated the viral pathogenicity and pulmonary inflammation over a 7 day time course.  Balb/c mice were infected intranasally with vehicle or H1N1 (4, 40 or 400 PFU) on one occasion. Cellular influx and cytokine levels were assessed in BAL and viral load measured in lung lysate on Days 1, 3, 5 and 7.  A dose dependent increase in lung viral titre peaked on Day 3-5 post inoculation coinciding with peak inflammatory cell infiltrate. Maximal recruitment of neutrophils 0.85 vs 0.02 x 10 6 /animal in PBS control group) and lymphocytes (0.14 vs 0.003 x 10 6 /animal in PBS control group) was recorded on Day 5. BAL cytokines (including IP-10 and KC) were elevated as early as 24 h following inoculation. TNF-α and KC peaked on Day 3 and remained significantly higher than the PBS control group out to Day 7. A significant increase in Penh was recorded on Day 3 (308% and 533% increase vs PBS control, 40 and 400 PFU respectively). A dose and time dependent decrease in bodyweight was recorded from Day 3 at 400 PFU (6.9%), peaking at Day 6 (22.7%). Increase in severity of viral induced histopathology including hyaline–like membrane formation was observed with increasing PFU concentration and time.  We have demonstrated that inoculation with H1N1 (PR8) influenza virus initiates a time and dose dependent viral replication within lung tissue, resulting in cellular influx, histopathological changes and alteration in lung function.
Gene variant rs2305480 C>T in gasdermin B gene (GSDMB) among Bulgarian children with recurrent wheezing
Authors: Ivanka Galeva, Sirma Mileva, Milena Yankova, Silvia Andonova, Nadezhda Yaneva, Alexey Savov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective:  The gasdermin B (GSDMB) gene is located at 17q21.2 and recent reports suggest that GSDMB is associated with childhood asthma in several populations. We investigated the association of a SNP in GSDMB (rs2305480CgT) with recurrent wheezing, severity of bronchial obstruction and family history of asthma and allergy.  Materials and Methods:  Family history of asthma and allergy, recurrent wheezing and atopy were assessed in 93 infants admitted to the hospital for bronchiolitis. All children were genotyped for rs2305480CgT by PCR RFLP analysis. The presence of AvaII restriction site was indicated by C-allele and the absence - by T-allele.  Results:  Data were analyzed as a recessive genetic model. Genotype frequencies did not deviate significantly from expected under the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium - T/T genotype was 18%, C/T - 47% and C/C - 35%. Our data show that the genotype T/T is a possible risk factor for recurrent wheezing (OR 3,68, 95%, CI= 0,98-13,76). Children homozygous for T-allele are more likely to have a family history of allergy and asthma (OR 5,41, 95%, CI= 1,43-20,47) and early age of first wheezing - 6,88 mo compared to 10,4 mo for C/C, p= 0,02.  Conclusions:  Our results support the role of GSDMB SNP (rs2305480CgT) for determining asthma phenotypes in preschool children.  The study was financially supported by research grant (2013), Medical University - Sofia.
Vascularity and pain in the patellar tendon of adult jumping athletes: a 5 month longitudinal study
Authors: J L Cook, P Malliaras, J De Luca, R Ptasznik, M Morris
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Background: This study investigated changes in tendon vascularity in 102 (67 men and 35 women) volleyball players over a 6 month competitive season. Methods: Athletes were examined with both grey scale ultrasound and standardised colour Doppler settings. Vessel length and pain were measured each month on five separate occasions. Vascular tendons were divided into (i) those that were vascular on all occasions (persistent vascularity) and (ii) those that were vascular on more than two but less than five occasions (intermittent vascularity). Results: A total of 41 of the 133 abnormal tendons were vascular on two or more occasions. Of these, 16 had persistent vascularity and 25 had intermittent vascularity. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of vascularity between men and women. None of the tendons had a pattern of vascularity over the season that could be clearly interpreted as the onset or resolution of vascularity. Subjects with changes in both tendons were more likely to have persistent vascularity (p = 0.045). Vessels were longer in tendons with persistent vascularity (p&lt;0.000) and pain was significantly greater (p = 0.043) than in tendons with intermittent vascularity. Tendons with intermittent vascularity had similar pain scores on all days, whether or not they had detectable blood flow. Conclusions: These data suggest that the presence of blood vessels is more likely to be the source of pain than the blood flow in them.
Tumor Cell-Triggered Macrophage-Mediated Suppression of the T-Cell Cytotoxic Response to Tumor-Associated Antigens. II. Mechanisms for Induction of Suppression&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Chou-Chik Ting, Myrthel E. Hargrove
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The mechanisms were investigated for the tumor cell-triggered macrophage-induced suppression of T-cell-mediated tumor immunity. Interaction between tumor cells and macrophages triggered the production of prostaglandin(s) (PG) that initiated the suppressor events. In our experiments, PGE1 or PGE2 suppressed the generation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes in the syngeneic mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures. Indomethacin, a PG synthetase inhibitor, blocked the induction of the macrophage-mediated suppression, which suggested that suppression was caused by endogenous PG. This suppression might be further mediated by the generation of suppressor T-cells. Significant reduction in the levels of macrophage-induced suppression was seen in hosts receiving cyclophosphamide treatment, which could eliminate the precursors of suppressor T-cells. These findings indicated that tumor cells may trigger a chain of reactions, through the generation of suppressor factors or suppressor cells, to subvert the host's immune surveillance.
EFFECTS OF VITAMIN B<sub>1</sub>IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: L. H. Chase
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1939)

1. Ten schizophrenic male patients were given large doses of synthetic vitamin B1 orally and intravenously for a period of eight weeks. 2. None showed clinical improvement that could be correlated with the medication. No deleterious effects were seen. 3. The Stanford-Binet scores showed only random changes. 4. No significant changes were observed in blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen consumption rate, venous carbon dioxide and glutathione levels. 5. Decreases in venous oxygen and lactic acid levels were observed. 6. Three patients were given in addition four weekly injections of vitamin B1 intrathecally without significant effects. 7. Extension of the study with other catalytic agents is regarded as desirable.
Vitamin D concentrations in Asian children living in England
Authors: S. Zlotkin, A. Blumsohn
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Proportions of cases (babies with neonatal encephalopathy) and controls having complicated* and uncomplicated † deliveries in Badawi et al's study No (%) of cases (n=164) No (%) of controls (n=400) Unadjusted odds ratio (95% CI) Complicated delivery 79 (48) 101 (25) 2.75 (1.88 to 4.02) Uncomplicated delivery 85 (52) 299 (75) 0.36 (0.25 to 0.53) *Complicated deliveries: instrumental deliveries
Expression of Angiopoietin-1, Angiopoietin-2, and the Tie-2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase during Mouse Kidney Maturation
Authors: HAI TAO YUAN, CHITRA SURI, GEORGE D. YANCOPOULOS, ADRIAN S. WOOLF
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1999)

Abstract. The Tie-2 receptor tyrosine kinase transduces embryonic onic endothelial differentiation, with Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) acting as a stimulatory ligand and Ang-2 postulated to be a naturally occurring inhibitor. Expression of these genes was sought during mouse kidney maturation from the onset of glomerulogenesis (embryonic day 14 [E14]) to the end of nephron formation (2 wk postnatal [P2]), and during medullary maturation into adulthood (P8). Using Northern and slot blotting of RNA extracted from whole organs, these three genes were expressed throughout the experimental period with peak levels at P2 to P3. By in situ hybridization analysis at E18, P1, and P3, Ang-1 mRNA was found to localize to condensing renal mesenchymal cells, proximal tubules, and glomeruli in addition to maturing tubules of the outer medulla. In contrast, Ang-2 transcripts were more spatially restricted, being detected only in differentiating outer medullary tubules and the vasa recta bundle area. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, Tie-2 was detected in capillaries of the nephrogenic cortex, glomerular tufts, cortical interstitium, and medulla including vessels in the vasa recta. Using Western blotting of protein extracted from whole organs, Tie-2 protein was detected between E14 and P8 with tyrosine phosphorylated Tie-2 evident from E18. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that Tie-2 has roles in maturation of both glomeruli and vasa rectae.
Exploiting pre‐rRNA processing in <scp>D</scp>iamond <scp>B</scp>lackfan anemia gene discovery and diagnosis
Authors: Jason E. Farrar, Paola Quarello, Ross Fisher, Kelly A. O'Brien, Anna Aspesi, Sara Parrella, Adrianna L. Henson, Nancy E. Seidel, Eva Atsidaftos, Supraja Prakash, Shahla Bari, Emanuela Garelli, Robert J. Arceci, Irma Dianzani, Ugo Ramenghi, Adrianna Vlachos, Jeffrey M. Lipton, David M. Bodine, Steven R. Ellis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA), a syndrome primarily characterized by anemia and physical abnormalities, is one among a group of related inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) which share overlapping clinical features. Heterozygous mutations or single‐copy deletions have been identified in 12 ribosomal protein genes in approximately 60% of DBA cases, with the genetic etiology unexplained in most remaining patients. Unlike many IBMFS, for which functional screening assays complement clinical and genetic findings, suspected DBA in the absence of typical alterations of the known genes must frequently be diagnosed after exclusion of other IBMFS. We report here a novel deletion in a child that presented such a diagnostic challenge and prompted development of a novel functional assay that can assist in the diagnosis of a significant fraction of patients with DBA. The ribosomal proteins affected in DBA are required for pre‐rRNA processing, a process which can be interrogated to monitor steps in the maturation of 40S and 60S ribosomal subunits. In contrast to prior methods used to assess pre‐rRNA processing, the assay reported here, based on capillary electrophoresis measurement of the maturation of rRNA in pre‐60S ribosomal subunits, would be readily amenable to use in diagnostic laboratories. In addition to utility as a diagnostic tool, we applied this technique to gene discovery in DBA, resulting in the identification of RPL31 as a novel DBA gene. Am. J. Hematol. 89:985–991, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphologic Study of Immediate and Delayed Hypersensitivity to an Isogeneic Mouse Tumor
Authors: G Krüger, D Harris
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity against an isogeneic fibrosarcoma in C3H mice was investigated morphologically. Delayed hypersensitivity was induced by the tumor homogenate. The specific hypersensitivity could be transferred by lymphoid cells to untreated mice. Thymectomy abolished the specific delayed hypersensitivity response. Viruses did not appear to interfere with the delayed hypersensitivity reaction against the tumor. Tissue reactions suggestive of generalized and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis also were seen in sensitized mice tested with tumor homogenate. These reactions, however, appeared related in some way to the contaminating lactic dehydrogenase-elevating virus.
The Use of Exhaled Nitric Oxide to Guide Asthma Management
Authors: Dominick E. Shaw, Mike A. Berry, Mike Thomas, Ruth H. Green, Chris E. Brightling, Andrew J. Wardlaw, Ian D. Pavord
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Rationale: Current asthma guidelines recommend adjusting antiinflammatory treatment on the basis of the results of lung function tests and symptom assessment, neither of which are closely associated with airway inflammation.Objectives: We tested the hypothesis that titrating corticosteroid dose using the concentration of exhaled nitric oxide in exhaled breath (FeNO) results in fewer asthma exacerbations and more efficient use of corticosteroids, when compared with traditional management.Methods: One hundred eighteen participants with a primary care diagnosis of asthma were randomized to a single-blind trial of corticosteroid therapy based on either FeNO measurements (n = 58) or British Thoracic Society guidelines (n = 60). Participants were assessed monthly for 4 months and then every 2 months for a further 8 months. The primary outcome was the number of severe asthma exacerbations. Analyses were by intention to treat.Measurements and Main Results: The estimated mean (SD) exacerbation frequency was 0.33 per patient per year (0.69) in the FeNO group and 0.42 (0.79) in the control group (mean difference, −21%; 95% confidence interval [CI], −57 to 43%; p = 0.43). Overall the FeNO group used 11% more inhaled corticosteroid (95% CI, −17 to 42%; p = 0.40), although the final daily dose of inhaled corticosteroid was lower in the FeNO group (557 vs. 895 μg; mean difference, 338 μg; 95% CI, −640 to −37; p = 0.028).Conclusions: An asthma treatment strategy based on the measurement of exhaled nitric oxide did not result in a large reduction in asthma exacerbations or in the total amount of inhaled corticosteroid therapy used over 12 mo, when compared with current asthma guidelines.Clinical trial registered with www.controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN08067387).
The CO-I and CO-II region of honeybee mitochondrial DNA: evidence for variation in insect mitochondrial evolutionary rates.
Authors: R H Crozier, Y C Crozier, A G Mackinlay
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1989)

The sequence of a region of honeybee (Apis mellifera ligustica) mitochondrial DNA, which contains the genes for cytochrome c oxidase subunits I and II (CO-I and CO-II) and inferred genes for tRNA(Asp), tRNA(Leu)UUR, tRNA(Lys), and tRNA(Trp), is presented. The region includes the segment previously identified as incurring a length increase in some other bee strains, including Africanized bees. The sequence information of this study and of that by Vlasak et al. shows that several shifts of tRNA genes have occurred between Apis and Drosophila, but shifts of other kinds of genes have yet to be demonstrated. The CO-I and CO-II gene sequences are both more A+T rich than are the corresponding Drosophila genes. Parsimony analyses using the mouse and Xenopus sequences as outgroups show significantly more amino acid substitutions on the branch to Apis (120) than on that to Drosophila (44), indicating a difference in the long-term evolutionary rates of hymenopteran and dipteran mtDNA.
An estimation of the minimal important difference in physical activity for patients with COPD
Authors: Heleen Demeyer, Miek Hornikx, Carlos Augusto Marcal Camillo, Hans Van Remoortel, Chris Burtin, Daniel Langer, Wim Janssens, Thierry Troosters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Rationale   Physical activity (PA) is an important outcome in patients with COPD but the minimal important difference (MID) is lacking. Different distribution based techniques are proposed to identify the MID.   Methods   PA was measured for 1 week in 97 patients with COPD before and after 3 months of rehabilitation (rehabilitation sample), by accelerometry. In addition test-retest reliability was measured in 37 patients (test-retest sample), by measuring PA for 2 consecutive weeks. Daily amount of steps was chosen as outcome measurement. Cohen9s effect size, empirical rule effect size, standard error of measurement (SEM) and 0.5 times SD of the baseline score (0.5SD) were the used distribution-based approaches.   Results   Patient characteristics of both groups are presented in table 1. The ICC of the daily number of steps between 2 consecutive weeks was 0.94. Calculation of the MID resulted in 1008.48 (Cohen9s effect size), 968.14 (empirical rule effect size ), 575.86 (SEM) and 1181.08 (0.5SD) steps per day.   Conclusion   The minimal important difference of physical activity, as measured by the daily step count, is estimated between 576 and 1181 steps. Supplemental analyses using anchor based methods are needed to confirm this estimation.
Abstract 12543: Tricuspid Regurgitation Predicts Mortality after Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (CRT)
Authors: Gaurav A Upadhyay, Jagdesh Kandala, Neal A Chatterjee, Daniel J Friedman, Kimberly A Parks, Mi Young Park, Gregory D Lewis, Theofanie Mela, Judy W Hung, Jagmeet P Singh
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Although tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is common among heart failure (HF) patients, its impact on outcome in CRT patients remains poorly understood. Methods: 336 patients undergoing CR...
TONSILS AS PORTALS OF INFECTION.
Authors: M W Fredrick
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Who is suitable for cognitive behavioural therapy?
Authors: Paul Blenkiron
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1999)

'People are not disturbed by events, but by the view they take of them'. This comment by the Greek philosopher Epictetus two thousand years ago aptly reflects the basic tenet of modern cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT)-that what people believe affects their emotions. CBT is structured, problem-oriented, and set in the here and now, and has rapidly become the treatment of choice for a wide range of mental health disorders. Its reputation as a pragmatic therapy rests on solid research evidencel. This article outlines the criteria for deciding suitability for short-
Sensitivity of Myeloid Progenitor Cells in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia to Chemotherapeutic Agents2
Authors: Theodore E. Spiro, Marie-Anne Mattelaer, Andre Efira, Pierre Stryckmans
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Journal Article Sensitivity of Myeloid Progenitor Cells in Healthy Subjects and Patients With Chronic Myeloid Leukemia to Chemotherapeutic Agents Get access Theodore E. Spiro, Theodore E. Spiro Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marie-Anne Mattelaer, Marie-Anne Mattelaer Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Andre Efira, Andre Efira Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Pierre Stryckmans Pierre Stryckmans Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 66, Issue 6, June 1981, Pages 1053–1059, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/66.6.1053 Published: 01 June 1981 Article history Received: 22 September 1980 Accepted: 12 December 1980 Published: 01 June 1981