tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Masters and Johnson treatment program for dissatisfied homosexual men
Authors: Mark F. Schwartz, William H. Masters
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

Certain individuals who want to change their homosexual preference can be helped by a short-term intensive intervention adapted from the Masters and Johnson model for treating heterosexual disorders. Pretreatment counseling aims at improving the patient's dating, sexual, and intimacy skills; creative problem solving; and stress management. Then for 2 weeks the patient and an opposite-sex partner, living in social isolation, meet daily with a therapy team to address fears and anxieties about intimacy as they arise. The directive psychotherapy format alternates between confrontation of maladaptive belief systems and patterns of relating and support for finding new ways of coping that foster a positive self-image.
To the editor
Authors: Ivan Borbath, Yves Horsmans
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

We read with much interest the article by Yuen et al. recently published in HEPATOLOGY, 1 reporting the results of a randomized study on the use of long-acting octreotide in hepatocellular carcinoma.We are a little surprised by two aspects.First, although the title announced a placebo-controlled study, there was no placebo group but instead a control group receiving no treatment at all.We can agree that the placebo effect would not be so important in such a neoplastic disease, but on a methodologic point of view, it seems certainly questionable.Second, the size of the two groups is comparable to that of the study of Kouroumalis et al. 2 However, the control groups of both studies are not comparable in terms of survival: 37% vs. less than 20% at 6 months, respectively.Median survival in the Kouroumalis study, i.e., 4 months, was the same as that of CLIP 3 patients according to the CLIP score study 3 ; whereas patients in this study were CLIP 4 in their majority, with a poorer median survival (2 months).An effect size of 0.43 is thus more likely to be optimistic while selecting such poor condition patients.Therefore, and as mentioned by the authors, future studies should assess the effect of long-acting octreotide with short-acting somatostatin and a control group to obtain a definite conclusion with regard to the use of somatostatin analogues in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Noninvasive Testing in Patients With Chest Pain—Reply
Authors: Andrew J. Foy, Guodong Liu, William R. Davidson
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

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Functional effects of interleukin 31 in human primary keratinocytes
Authors: S. Kasraie, M. Niebuhr, K. Baumert, T. Werfel
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Kasraie S, Niebuhr M, Baumert K, Werfel T. Functional effects of Interleukin 31 in human primary keratinocytes. Allergy 2011; 66: 845–852. Background: Interleukin (IL)-31 is a T-cell cytokine acting through a heterodimeric receptor composed of IL-31RA and OSMR which is expressed on epithelial cells including keratinocytes. A major function of IL-31 in atopic dermatitis (AD) is the induction of pruritus in the skin. Inflammatory effects of IL-31 in human primary keratinocytes (HPKs) still remain unclear. We investigated expression, regulation of the IL-31 receptor as well as functions of IL-31 in HPKs. Methods: Human primary keratinocytes were stimulated with TLR-2 ligands (Pam3Cys, lipoteichoic acid and peptidoglycan), or Th1 and Th2 associated cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4), respectively. IL-31R expression and regulation as well as functional effects of IL-31 stimulation were then investigated at both the mRNA and protein level and compared with HPKs from patients with AD. The STAT signalling pathway and TLR-2 expression were investigated using Western blot and Immunohistochemical stainings, respectively. Results: Pam3Cys or IFN-γ significantly up-regulated IL-31RA and OSMR expression. IL-31 activated STAT-3 phosphorylation in HPKs which was augmented after preactivation with Pam3Cys or IFN-γ. IL-31 enhanced the secretion of CCL2 after up-regulation of the receptor with Pam3Cys or IFN-γ. However, this was not observed in keratinocytes from AD patients where an impaired TLR-2 expression was found. Conclusions: Together, our findings show a functional role of IL-31 in HPKs and provide a new link between TLR-2 ligands and IL-31 which might be dysregulated in AD. Altered function of IL-31 may have implications for cutaneous inflammation in eczema where skin colonization with Staphylococcus aureus and dysregulation of TLR-2 have been described.
In vitro susceptibility of M. avium against protionamide
Authors: Timo Weiss, Tarek Sabha, Jens Kollmeier, Torsten Blum, Harald Mauch, Holger Rüssmann, Nicolas Schönfeld, Torsten T. Bauer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: M. avium is a potentially pathogenic mycobacterial species to humans, which is classified as difficult to cure. By the American Thoracic Society resistance testing in vitro in the case of newly diagnosed mycobacteriosis is recommended only for clarithromycin, but with treatment failure is shown the option for further testing. No data were so far reported for the the susceptibility of M. avium to protionamide in vitro in the literature.  Methods: All M. avium strains that could be isolated from clinical materials in our laboratory from Jan 1st 2008 to May 31st 2010, were subjected to susceptibility testing on solid media according to DIN 58943rd.  Results: Out of 67 strains only one turned out to be resistant at an inhibitory concentration of 5 micrograms/ml protionamide. While only one further strain showed resistance to clarithromycin (32 mcg/ml), 18 strains showed resistance to moxifloxacin (4 mcg/ml).  Conclusions: Despite the absence of clinical treatment studies protionamide should be considered as a treatment option for mycobacteriosis by M. avium in the case of treatment failure or intolerance of a drug of first-line therapy.
Margaret McCartney: Stand with junior doctors
Authors: Margaret McCartney
Journal: BMJ (2015)

When I turned up for my first day as a doctor there was no pre-written rota. Sort it out among yourselves, we were told. When it was busy we stayed late, and when it was quiet we sent home the junior who had been up all night. We were expected to do a good job; in return, we had professional flexibility. I graduated with debt but no tuition fees. I could afford to rent a place and then get a mortgage for a modest flat within a few years of graduating.

All of this has evaporated. Now, junior doctors graduate with thousands of pounds to repay1 and are unlikely ever to pay this back fully.2 They are managed with such unkind rigidity that a friend …
The DSM-III personality disorders section: a commentary
Authors: Allen Frances
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

The author reviews the DSM-III section on personality disorders, discusses several of its more controversial diagnoses, and suggests some possible alternatives. He attributes the continued low reliability of personality diagnoses, compared with the other major sections of DSM-III, to two inherent obstacles: the lack of clear boundaries demarcating the personality disorders from normality and from one another, and the confounding influence of state and role factors. Nonetheless, the DSM-III multiaxial system highlights the importance of personality diagnosis and, together with the provision of clearly specified diagnostic criteria, achieves a considerably improved reliability compared with previous nomenclatures.
Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on the Formed Elements of Blood From Normal and Leukemic Subjects<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"><sup>2</sup></xref>
Authors: Patrice L. Morrow, Howard R. Bierman, Robert Jenkins
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1950)

Effect of Ultrasonic Vibration on the Formed Elements of Blood From Normal and Leukemic Subjects Get access Patrice L. Morrow, M. S., Patrice L. Morrow, M. S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Howard R. Bierman, M. D., Howard R. Bierman, M. D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Jenkins, B. S. Robert Jenkins, B. S. Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Public Health Service, and the University of California, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 4, February 1950, Pages 843–859, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.4.843 Published: 01 February 1950 Article history Received: 17 August 1949 Published: 01 February 1950
Melancholic symptom features and DSM-IV
Authors: A J Rush, J E Weissenburger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of existing systems for the diagnosis of the endogenous (melancholic) subtype of major depression.The authors review the critical empirical research examining this subtype and discuss its implications for DSM-IV. They examine the relationship of endogenous/melancholic symptoms to other clinical features, treatment response, selected laboratory tests, consistency across episodes, family history, and particular courses of illness.Melancholic symptom features are predictive of a positive response to ECT and to tricyclic antidepressants in the severely ill. Key features include psychomotor retardation, unreactive mood, pervasive anhedonia, and distinct quality of mood. Melancholic features are associated with shorter REM latency and/or nonsuppression of cortisol during the dexamethasone suppression test. Depressive episodes that are not melancholic may take on melancholic features with repetition and passage of time in some individuals. Once melancholic features are present, it is unclear whether they repeat across subsequent episodes. Melancholic features are not uniquely associated with a positive family history of depression per se, but they may be especially associated with a family history of severe depression.The available evidence suggests some clinical utility and some (albeit not entirely consistent) validity for the concept of melancholic features. Consequently, DSM-IV will retain the designation "with melancholic features," return to the shorter DSM-III feature listing, and broaden the designation by requiring either unreactive mood or pervasive anhedonia but not both. Further research on this subgroup is indicated.
Abstract 18095: Prognostic Impact of Sleep Duration and Sleep Efficiency on Mortality in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Wibke Reinhard, Nina Plappert, Christian Hengstenberg, Günter Riegger, Victor Novak, Nimrod Maimon, Michael Pfeifer, Michael Arzt
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Context: Both short and long self-reported sleep duration has been linked to increased mortality risk. The underlying mechanisms for the mortality risk increase in long sleepers are unknown. Objective: To test, whether long self-reported sleep duration is paralleled by impaired objectively measured sleep efficiency and to assess whether impaired sleep efficiency is an independent risk factor for death in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Hypotheses were formulated after data collection. Design, Setting, Patients: Observational study of 211 consecutive CHF patients (age 63±10 years, 89% men, left ventricular ejection fraction 34±10%), who underwent polysomnography and completed standardized questionnaires between 1/2002 and 12/2009 at the University Hospital Regensburg. Main Outcome: All cause mortality ascertained by medical documents. Follow-up was performed between 12/2009 and 01/2010 (mean follow-up time: 44±26 months). Methods and Results: Comparison of objective sleep efficiency in CHF patients showed an inverse U-shaped relationship according to quintiles of self-reported sleep duration: Sleep efficiency in CHF patients from the highest quintile (≥9h of self-reported sleep duration) was significantly lower as compared to the middle quintile with 7.25-8h of self-reported sleep duration (71±15% versus 77±11%, p=0.032) and identical to the lowest quintile (≤5.75h of self-reported sleep duration; 71±15% versus 71±16%, p=0.950). Fifty-seven patients died during follow-up. Objective sleep efficiency, age, left ventricular ejection fraction and cause of CHF were identified as independent risk factors for all-cause mortality in a multivariate adjusted survival analysis (p&lt;0.001, p=0.022, p=0.005 and p=0.002, respectively), while self-reported sleep duration did not influence mortality. Conclusions: Objective sleep efficiency is significantly impaired in CHF patients with prolonged self-reported sleep duration compared to those with medium self-reported sleep duration, suggesting a misperception of sleep in these patients. In contrast to self-reported sleep duration, objective sleep efficiency predicts mortality in CHF patients independently from age, cardiac function and cause of CHF.
Low morning serum cortisol levels in children with adenotonsillar hypertrophy and obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Georgia Malakasioti, Vasiliki Varlami, Vasiliki Theologi, Konstantinos Chaidas, Nikolaos Liakos, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, Athanasios Kaditis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Adenoidal and tonsillar tissue in children with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has enhanced expression of glucocorticoid receptors (Goldbart 2005). Although this finding suggests a favorable profile for topical steroid therapy in children with OSA, its pathogenetic role in adenotonsillar hypertrophy is unknown. It is possible that overexpression of glucocortocoid receptors in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue reflects low endogenous cortisol levels. We hypothesized that children with OSA and tonsillar hypertrophy have lower morning serum cortisol levels compared to healthy control subjects. Methods: Consecutive children with snoring and participants without snoring underwent polysomnography, grading of tonsillar size and measurement of morning serum cortisol. Results: Children with moderate-to-severe OSA (n=17; 6.1±2.2 yo; AHI 14.7±10.6 episodes/h) had significantly lower morning serum cortisol levels than subjects with mild OSA (n=14; 6.8±2.3 yo; AHI 2.6±1.2 episodes/h) or control participants without snoring (n=14; 6.5±2.5 yo; AHI 0.7±0.2 episodes/h): 16.9±8.7 vs. 23.3±4.2 or 22.3±5.3 mcg/dL; p 0.05. Conclusions: Low morning serum cortisol in children with OSA and tonsillar hypertrophy might be responsible for the enhanced expression of glucocorticoid levels in pharyngeal lymphoid tissue.
Efficiency of a phase 1 vaccine for the reduction of vaginal Coxiella burnetii shedding in a clinically affected goat herd
Authors: E. Rousset, B. Durand, J.L. Champion, M. Prigent, P. Dufour, C. Forfait, M. Marois, T. Gasnier, V. Duquesne, R. Thiéry, M.F. Aubert
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Practice-based research in psychiatry
Authors: D A Zarin, H A Pincus, J C West, J S McIntyre
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors describe the APA Practice Research Network (PRN), a national research initiative that ultimately will engage 1,000 practicing psychiatrists in collaborative clinical and services research. The PRN is designed to generate practice-relevant information and to inform future service delivery, policy, and financing decisions pertinent to psychiatry.The authors review the relative strengths and limitations of practice-based research compared with other widely used research methods. They also describe the structure of the PRN and its procedures for recruiting network members and for identifying and developing specific network studies. The three primary sources of data for the PRN are 1) the biannual National Survey of Psychiatric Practice, which provides not only a mechanism for randomly recruiting the two-thirds of network participants who are not volunteers but also a baseline for assessing the generalizability of PRN findings; 2) separate biannual studies of psychiatric patients and treatments to characterize the network patient/treatment denominator, which is used to monitor trends in psychiatric practice and plan network studies; and 3) specific studies.Pilot data from the PRN have yielded detailed information on the diagnostic and clinical characteristics of 725 patients and on the treatments provided by network psychiatrists.The APA PRN offers a powerful complement to traditional clinical and health services research approaches. The PRN will help psychiatry improve its ability to meet patients needs in a context of rapidly evolving scientific and clinical progress and legislative and economic forces affecting health care delivery.
Abstract 4549: Clopidogrel Discontinuation and Long-term Outcome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Rohit M Oemrawsingh, Ron T van Domburg, Yoshinobu Onuma, Josephine W van Nierop, Peter P de Jaegere, Eric Boersma, Patrick W Serruys
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background Recent data suggest that the duration of clopidogrel treatment may influence clinical outcome after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), particularly in the case of drug eluting ste...
Flunarizine prevents hepatitis C virus membrane fusion in a genotype‐dependent manner by targeting the potential fusion peptide within E1
Authors: Paula M. Perin, Sibylle Haid, Richard J.P. Brown, Juliane Doerrbecker, Kai Schulze, Carsten Zeilinger, Markus von Schaewen, Brigitte Heller, Koen Vercauteren, Eva Luxenburger, Yasmine M. Baktash, Florian W.R. Vondran, Sietkse Speerstra, Abdullah Awadh, Furkat Mukhtarov, Luis M. Schang, Andreas Kirschning, Rolf Müller, Carlos A. Guzman, Lars Kaderali, Glenn Randall, Philip Meuleman, Alexander Ploss, Thomas Pietschmann
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

To explore mechanisms of hepatitis C viral (HCV) replication we screened a compound library including licensed drugs. Flunarizine, a diphenylmethylpiperazine used to treat migraine, inhibited HCV cell entry in vitro and in vivo in a genotype‐dependent fashion. Analysis of mosaic viruses between susceptible and resistant strains revealed that E1 and E2 glycoproteins confer susceptibility to flunarizine. Time of addition experiments and single particle tracking of HCV demonstrated that flunarizine specifically prevents membrane fusion. Related phenothiazines and pimozide also inhibited HCV infection and preferentially targeted HCV genotype 2 viruses. However, phenothiazines and pimozide exhibited improved genotype coverage including the difficult to treat genotype 3. Flunarizine‐resistant HCV carried mutations within the alleged fusion peptide and displayed cross‐resistance to these compounds, indicating that these drugs have a common mode of action. Conclusion : These observations reveal novel details about HCV membrane fusion; moreover, flunarizine and related compounds represent first‐in‐class HCV fusion inhibitors that merit consideration for repurposing as a cost‐effective component of HCV combination therapies. (H epatology 2016;63:49–62)
Percutaneous CT-guided irreversible electroporation followed by chemotherapy as a novel neoadjuvant protocol in locally advanced pancreatic cancer: Our preliminary experience
Authors: Maria Paola Belfiore, Francesco Michele Ronza, Francesco Romano, Giovanni Pietro Ianniello, Guido De Lucia, Concetta Gallo, Carmela Marsicano, Teresa Letizia Di Gennaro, Giuseppe Belfiore
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)
Familial aggregation of female sexual orientation
Authors: J M Bailey, D S Benishay
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The purpose of this study was to determine whether female homosexuality is familial and whether it is cofamilial with male homosexuality.Subjects included 84 homosexual and 79 heterosexual female probands recruited through newspaper advertisements. Probands were asked about their siblings' sexual orientations and were asked for permission to contact siblings to confirm their reports.The authors were able to contact 60% of eligible siblings, and the information they provided about their sexual orientations confirmed that probands' reports were highly accurate. Homosexual probands had a significantly higher proportion of homosexual sisters according to four criteria for rating siblings' sexual orientations. Homosexual probands also had a higher proportion of homosexual brothers; however, this difference was not significant.Female homosexuality appears to be familial. Further research is required to resolve the question of whether female and male homosexuality are cofamilial.