tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medical Personnel’s Role in US Detainees’ Interrogations Questioned
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic Cavitary Histoplasmosis of Lung
Authors: H E Pugsley, A S Brown, O T Cheung
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Radiation-free preparation for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: E A Copelan, J C Biggs, B R Avalos, J Szer, I Cunningham, J P Klein, K Atkinson, N Kapoor, J L Klein, K Downs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE The study was undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from HLA-identical siblings after preparation with busulfan and cyclophosphamide in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-nine patients aged 15 to 42 years underwent transplantation at three different centers from November 1984 through November 1990. All patients received 16 mg/kg busulfan and 120 mg/kg cyclophosphamide as preparative therapy. Cyclosporine plus methotrexate or cyclosporine plus corticosteroids with or without methotrexate were given for prevention of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). RESULTS Twelve patients died of treatment-related complications, 12 patients relapsed, and 15 patients are leukemia-free survivors. For 27 patients in group 1 (first remission, second remission, first relapse), the estimated leukemia-free survival (LFS) rate is 42.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 22.9% to 71.7%) at 3 years. For 12 patients with more advanced disease (group 2), the 1-year LFS rate is 13.5% (95% CI, 0% to 37.1%). Chronic GVHD occurred at an estimated incidence of 63.3% and developed significantly more frequently among patients who received corticosteroids for prevention of acute GVHD. Chronic GVHD was associated with a significantly lower incidence of relapse and with improved LFS rates. CONCLUSION LFS rate in this study is comparable to that obtained with radiation-containing regimens; however, the effectiveness of this preparative regimen in ALL requires further study.
EUS-guided gall bladder drainage with a lumen-apposing metal stent: a prospective long-term evaluation
Authors: Daisy Walter, Anthony Y Teoh, Takao Itoi, Manuel Pérez-Miranda, Alberto Larghi, Andres Sanchez-Yague, Peter D Siersema, Frank P Vleggaar
Journal: Gut (2015)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gall bladder drainage (EUS-GBD) has been shown to be comparable with percutaneous gall bladder drainage (PTGBD) in terms of technical feasibility and clinical efficacy for the treatment of acute cholecystitis in high-risk surgical patients.1 However, a potential serious complication of this technique is air or bile leakage into the peritoneal cavity, since insertion of a drain or plastic stent requires a fistula tract with a diameter larger than the diameter of the inserted drain or stent. Therefore, a specifically designed lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) has been developed for transenteric drainage and successfully tested in animal models.2 ,3 Preliminary clinical experience with LAMSs for drainage of peri-pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) appears to be consistent with anchoring features tested in animal models.4–6 However, reports on the use of LAMSs for gall bladder drainage are limited to case reports and small case series without long-term follow-up.3 ,5 ,7–12

We performed a multicentre, prospective study to determine the feasibility and safety of the use of LAMS for EUS-GBD in high-risk surgical patients with acute cholecystitis. A total of 30 patients were included. Technical success was achieved in 27 of 30 patients (90%) (figure 1) and clinical success in 26 of 27 patients (96%). Two of 27 patients (7%) developed recurrent cholecystitis due to LAMS obstruction. Successful LAMS removal was performed in 15 of 30 patients (50%) after a mean of 91 days (SD±24 days). In 15 patients (50%), no LAMS removal was performed because of death (n=5), significant tissue overgrowth (n=2) or other causes (n=8). Mean follow-up was 298 days (SD±82 days) for all patients and 364 days (SD±82 days) for the patients alive at the end of the study. A total of 15 serious adverse events (SAEs) (50%) were …
The Biopsy Room: Prostate
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Ad Libitum6 October 2015The Biopsy Room: ProstateJack Coulehan, MD, MPHJack Coulehan, MD, MPHFrom Setauket, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-1467 Audio Reading - “The Biopsy Room: Prostate” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Biopsy Room: Prostate," by J. Coulehan. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Each punch of the devicethuds in my boggy braina fraction of a secondafter its teeth bitea sliver of prostate—a miniature dragonattacks my rectum,a white-clad assistantslips fragments of tissueinto labeled containers.Twelve punches, a dozenvicious bites, the twelvegreat labors of Hercules,especially his captureof Cerberus, three-headedsentry of the underworld,the twelve apostles of Christ,especially the last, Jude,patron of impossiblecauses, the twelve Knightsof Camelot, especiallyGawain, the purest of heartwho lopped off the headof the Green Knight,but found forgiveness,the twelve Olympian gods,especially Apollo,my protector, the zodiac'stwelve constellations,including Libra, whichaugurs balance and grace—The last punch reminds meof Cancer, its sharp pincerswon't let go.Jack Coulehan, MD, MPHSetauket, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Setauket, New York.Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD, MPH; e-mail, John.[email protected]edu PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “The Biopsy Room: Prostate” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "The Biopsy Room: Prostate," by J. Coulehan. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 October 2015Volume 163, Issue 7Page: 536KeywordsBiopsyBrainHead and neck cancersHeartRectum ePublished: 6 October 2015 Issue Published: 6 October 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
International Scoring System for Evaluating Prognosis in Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Peter Greenberg, Christopher Cox, Michelle M. LeBeau, Pierre Fenaux, Pierre Morel, Guillermo Sanz, Miguel Sanz, Teresa Vallespi, Terry Hamblin, David Oscier, Kazuma Ohyashiki, Keisuke Toyama, Carlo Aul, Ghulam Mufti, John Bennett
Journal: Blood (1997)
HLA Haplo-Identical Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Using High-Dose Cyclophosphamide Post-Transplantation For Poor Prognosis Or Refractory Acute Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome: A Prospective Pilot Study At a Single Center
Authors: Hirohisa Nakamae, Hideo Koh, Mitsutaka Nishimoto, Yasuhiro Nakashima, Satoru Nanno, Takuro Yoshimura, Shiro Koh, Hiroshi Okamura, Jyoji Nagasaki, Takahiko Nakane, Mika Nakamae, Asao Hirose, Masayuki Hino
Journal: Blood (2013)
Long-term efficacy and safety of itolizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis: A double-blind, randomized-withdrawal, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Sunil Dogra, Krupashankar D.S., Leelavathy Budamakuntla, C.R. Srinivas, Uday Khopkar, Sandesh Gupta, Narendra Shetty, Dasiga Venkata Subrahmanya Pratap, M.G. Gopal, T. Narayana Rao, Vijay Garg, T.K. Sumathy, Abir Saraswat, Ramesh Bhat, Mahendra Kura, Neeraj Pandey, Radha Shah, Kotla Sai Krishna, Dalavai Padmaja, G. Manmohan, Ramakrishnan M.S., Abhijit Barve, Enrique Montero
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Psychological stress and cardiovascular disease: empirical demonstration of bias in a prospective observational study of Scottish men * Commentary: Psychosocial factors and health---strengthening the evidence base
Authors: J. Macleod
Journal: BMJ (2002)

To examine the association between self perceived psychological stress and cardiovascular disease in a population where stress was not associated with social disadvantage.Prospective observational study with follow up of 21 years and repeat screening of half the cohort 5 years from baseline. Measures included perceived psychological stress, coronary risk factors, self reported angina, and ischaemia detected by electrocardiography.27 workplaces in Scotland.5606 men (mean age 48 years) at first screening and 2623 men at second screening with complete data on all measures.Prevalence of angina and ischaemia at baseline, odds ratio for incident angina and ischaemia at second screening, rate ratios for cause specific hospital admission, and hazard ratios for cause specific mortality.Both prevalence and incidence of angina increased with increasing perceived stress (fully adjusted odds ratio for incident angina, high versus low stress 2.66, 95% confidence interval 1.61 to 4.41; P for trend <0.001). Prevalence and incidence of ischaemia showed weak trends in the opposite direction. High stress was associated with a higher rate of admissions to hospital generally and for admissions related to cardiovascular disease and psychiatric disorders (fully adjusted rate ratios for any general hospital admission 1.13, 1.01 to 1.27, cardiovascular disease 1.20, 1.00 to 1.45, and psychiatric disorders 2.34, 1.41 to 3.91). High stress was not associated with increased admission for coronary heart disease (1.00, 0.76-1.32) and showed an inverse relation with all cause mortality, mortality from cardiovascular disease, and mortality from coronary heart disease, that was attenuated by adjustment for occupational class (fully adjusted hazard ratio for all cause mortality 0.94, 0.81 to 1.11, cardiovascular mortality 0.91, 0.78 to 1.06, and mortality from coronary heart disease 0.98, 0.75 to 1.27).The relation between higher stress, angina, and some categories of hospital admissions probably resulted from the tendency of participants reporting higher stress to also report more symptoms. The lack of a corresponding relation with objective indices of heart disease suggests that these symptoms did not reflect physical disease. The data suggest that associations between psychosocial measures and disease outcomes reported from some other studies may be spurious.
Abstract 3630: Inhibition of PARP by hyperthermia or pharmacological inhibitors synergize with cisplatin and doxorubicin but not with 5-FU or paclitaxel
Authors: Lea Schaaf, Christoph Ulmer, Wolfgang Steurer, Thomas E. Mürdter, Walter E. Aulitzky, Heiko van der Kuip
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Short-term, high-dose chemotherapy together with hyperthermia (HIPEC) is widely used for treatment of peritoneal carcinomatosis. However, it is fairly known which agents currently used for HIPEC actually act synergistically with elevated temperature. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms behind the potentiating effects are incompletely understood. To mirror the clinical HIPEC setting we cultivated 2 ovarian and 2 colon cancer cell lines under hypoxic conditions and performed a 1-hour treatment at atmospheric oxygen levels with Cisplatin, Doxorubicin, 5FU, or Paclitaxel at either 37°C or 42°C. Cells were then evaluated for long-term survival, DNA strand break repair, poly(ADP-Ribosy)lation, and γH2AX and P-53BP1 foci formation. Importantly, we found that Cisplatin as well as Doxorubicin were potentiated by hyperthermia as revealed by a significantly reduced colony forming ability whereas high temperature had no effects together with 5FU or Paclitaxel on long-term survival. The synergistic effects on survival were due to compromised DNA strand break repair capacity and followed by a significantly enhanced number of double strand breaks. Interestingly, this was paralleled by a diminished poly(ADP-Ribosy)lation indicating a reduced activity of PARP. The role of this enzyme for the hyperthermia effects was confirmed by using clinically relevant PARP inhibitors. Combination of PARP inhibitors was synergistic with the same subset of compounds as observed with hyperthermia. Short-term treatment with PARP inhibitors mimicked the effects of elevated temperature both on survival and DNA repair capacity. Hyperthermia and PARP inhibitors also led to a comparable increase of γH2AX and P-53BP1 foci in cells treated with Doxorubicin or Cisplatin. In conclusion our data indicate that the cytotoxic effects of only a subset of currently used chemotherapeutics can be potentiated by hyperthermia. The molecular mechanisms behind these synergistic effects are related to PARP functions in DNA repair. Citation Format: Lea Schaaf, Christoph Ulmer, Wolfgang Steurer, Thomas E. Mürdter, Walter E. Aulitzky, Heiko van der Kuip. Inhibition of PARP by hyperthermia or pharmacological inhibitors synergize with cisplatin and doxorubicin but not with 5-FU or paclitaxel. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 3630. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-3630
Clinical Trial Designs for the Early Clinical Development of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines
Authors: Richard M. Simon, Seth M. Steinberg, Michael Hamilton, Allan Hildesheim, Samir Khleif, Larry W. Kwak, Crystal L. Mackall, Jeffrey Schlom, Suzanne L. Topalian, Jay A. Berzofsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

ABSTRACT: There are major differences between therapeutic tumor vaccines and chemotherapeutic agents that have important implications for the design of early clinical trials. Many vaccines are inherently safe and do not require phase I dose finding trials. Patients with advanced cancers and compromised immune systems are not good candidates for assessing either the toxicity or efficacy of therapeutic cancer vaccines. The rapid pace of development of new vaccine candidates and the variety of possible adjuvants and modifications in method of administration makes it important to use efficient designs for clinical screening and evaluation of vaccine regimens. We review the potential advantages of a wide range of clinical trial designs for the development of tumor vaccines. We address the role of immunological endpoints in early clinical trials of tumor vaccines, investigate the design implications of attempting to use disease stabilization as an end point and discuss the difficulties of reliably utilizing historical control data. Several conclusions for expediting the clinical development of effective cancer vaccines are proposed.
Repeat Tuberculin Testing in BCG-vaccinated Subjects in the United Kingdom
Authors: DAVE SINGH, CHRIS SUTTON, ASHLEY WOODCOCK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

The booster effect varies between populations, but has not been studied in the UK. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of repeat tuberculin tests at 1 wk in BCG-vaccinated healthy subjects (all hospital employees) in the UK; we have assessed whether a booster effect is present 48 and 72 h after injection. Twenty-six subjects received two tuberculin tests (both 10 units) administered by the Mantoux technique—Tests 1 and 2. At Test 2 there was a significant increase in induration at 48 h (mean, 7.8 mm; p < 0.001), no difference at 72 h (mean, 0.2 mm; p = 0.93), and a reduction at 96 h (mean, − 4.2 mm; p = 0.02). There were more positive results ( > 15 mm induration) at Test 2 compared with Test 1 at 48 h (19 vs. 9, respectively; p = 0.002), but similar numbers at 72 h (11 vs. 10, respectively). These results show that repeat tuberculin testing in this BCG-vaccinated population caused a booster effect that varied with the time of measurement and was maximal at 48 h.
High doses of N-acetylcysteine alone or in combination with inhaled corticosteroids and oxidative stress in patients with COPD
Authors: Valentina Kapustina, Svetlana Ovcharenko, Petr Litvicki
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Oxidant/antioxidant interactions are known to be important processes in the pathogenesis of COPD. We aimed to evaluate the effects of 6-month oral N-acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment 600 mg twice daily alone or in combination with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by granulocytes in peripheral blood measured by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence registration and its effect on pulmonary lipid peroxidation by malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level measurement.   Methods:  62 patients with stable COPD (36 males, mean age 66.8±7.5 years, GOLD stage I-IV) were divided into two treatment groups. Group 1 received bronchodilatators as basal treatment and NAC. Group 2 received NAC plus ICS in addition to basal treatment. Clinical examination, pulmonary function tests and blood collection were performed at baseline (T0) and repeated after 1 (T1), 3 (T3) and 6 months (T6) of treatment.   Results:  Spontaneous ROS generation had trend to decrease at T3 in both groups, and achieved significant difference at T6 only in group 2 (p=0.0004). At the same time stimulated ROS generation did not significantly change in both groups (p>0.05). Antiperoxide serum activity was increased from T0 to T1 however further levels did not substantially changed. We registered MDA plasma level decrease in both groups during all treatment period, but significant difference from T0 to T6 was observed just in group 2 (1.8 μmol/L vs 1.4 μmol/L, p=0.017).   Conclusion:  We conclude that combination of oral NAC 1200 mg/day with ICS for 6 months reduces the oxidant burden in airways of stable COPD patients and did not impact in patients treated with NAC alone.
DNA ploidy and percent S-phase as prognostic factors in node-positive breast cancer: results from patients enrolled in two prospective randomized trials.
Authors: T E Witzig, J N Ingle, D J Schaid, L E Wold, J F Barlow, N J Gonchoroff, J B Gerstner, J E Krook, C S Grant, J A Katzmann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE AND METHODS To help clarify the clinical utility of flow-cytometric parameters, we performed flow cytometry on archival paraffin-embedded primary breast cancers from 502 patients treated on two adjuvant chemotherapy protocols performed by the North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) and Mayo Clinic. DNA ploidy and percent S-phase (%S) were examined in univariate and Cox model multivariate analyses along with tumor size, menopausal and estrogen receptor status, Quetelet's index (QI), number of positive nodes and nodes examined, and Fisher and nuclear grades. RESULTS Ploidy analysis showed that 40% of tumors were DNA diploid and 60% were DNA nondiploid (12% tetraploid and 48% aneuploid). There was no difference in relapse-free survival (RFS) (P = .82) or overall survival (OS) (P = .78) between the ploidy groups. Tetraploid patients had the longest RFS and OS of any group, but this did not achieve statistical significance. The %S was computed in 98% of cases and the medians were 9.0% for all patients, 6.4% for diploid patients, and 11.7% for nondiploid patients (P &lt; .0001). By use of a %S greater than 12.3 as a prognostic variable in a univariate analysis, there was a significant difference in the RFS (P = .02) and OS (P = .007) of patients with low- versus high-proliferative tumors. However, when the %S was adjusted for clinical characteristics in the multivariate analysis, it was not a significant factor for RFS (P = .23) or OS (P = .36). CONCLUSION These results indicate that DNA content and %S measurements by flow cytometry are not clinically useful independent prognostic factors in women with resected node-positive breast cancer administered adjuvant chemotherapy.