tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Safety of long‐term biologic therapy in rheumatologic patients with a previously resolved hepatitis B viral infection
Authors: Michele Barone, Antonella Notarnicola, Giuseppe Lopalco, Maria Teresa Viggiani, Francesco Sebastiani, Michele Covelli, Florenzo Iannone, Alfonso W. Avolio, Alfredo Di Leo, Luca Cantarini, Giovanni Lapadula
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

European and Asian studies report conflicting data on the risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation in rheumatologic patients with a previously resolved HBV (prHBV) infection undergoing long-term biologic therapies. In this patient category, the safety of different immunosuppressive biologic therapies, including rituximab, was assessed. A total of 1218 Caucasian rheumatologic patients, admitted consecutively as outpatients between 2001 and 2012 and taking biologic therapies, underwent evaluation of anti-HCV and HBV markers as well as liver amino transferases every 3 months. Starting from January 2009, HBV DNA monitoring was performed in patients with a prHBV infection who had started immunosuppressive biologic therapy both before and after 2009. Patients were considered to have elevated aminotransferase levels if values were >1× upper normal limit at least once during follow-up. We found 179 patients with a prHBV infection (14 treated with rituximab, 146 with anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and 19 with other biologic therapies) and 959 patients without a prHBV infection or other liver disease (controls). The mean age in the former group was significantly higher than the controls. Patients with a prHBV infection never showed detectable HBV DNA serum levels or antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen/hepatitis B surface antigen seroreversion. However, when the prevalence of elevated amino transferases in patients with prHBV infection was compared to controls, it was significantly higher in the former group only for aminotransferase levels >1× upper normal limit but not when aminotransferase levels >2× upper normal limit were considered.Among patients with a prHBV infection and rheumatologic indications for long-term biologic therapies, HBV reactivation was not seen; this suggests that universal prophylaxis is not justified and is not cost-effective in this clinical setting.
Predicting Outcome to Chemotherapy in Patients With Germ Cell Tumors: The Value of the Rate of Decline of Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin and Alpha-Fetoprotein During Therapy
Authors: M. Mazumdar, D.F. Bajorin, J. Bacik, G. Higgins, R.J. Motzer, G.J. Bosl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: The prognostic significance of the rate of decline of the serum tumor marker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) during the first two cycles of chemotherapy in germ cell tumor (GCT) patients was initially reported by us, but its value has been debated. We re-examined this issue in the context of the International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group (IGCCCG) risk classification system and investigated the role of including in the analysis patients whose markers normalized early. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred eighty-nine GCT patients with elevated AFP/HCG marker values treated with platinum-based chemotherapy between 1986 and 1998 were included in this analysis. Patients were classified as good, intermediate, or poor risk by the IGCCCG criteria and as having satisfactory or unsatisfactory marker decline. Risk and marker decline were correlated with response, event-free survival, and overall survival. RESULTS: Satisfactory marker decline predicted improved complete response (CR) proportion and event-free and overall survival (P &lt; .0001). The CR proportion, 2-year event-free, and 2-year overall survival rates for patients with a satisfactory and unsatisfactory marker decline were 92% versus 62%, 91% versus 69%, and 95% versus 72%, respectively. Marker decline remained a significant variable for all three end points when adjusted for risk (P &lt; .01) with the outcome differences most pronounced in the poor-risk group. CONCLUSION: The rate of marker decline during chemotherapy has prognostic value independent of risk and may play a significant role in the management of poor-risk patients. It is appropriate to include patients whose markers normalized early.
Oxycodone for Cancer Pain in Adult Patients
Authors: Mia Schmidt-Hansen, Michael I. Bennett, Jennifer Hilgart
Journal: JAMA (2015)

preferred by patients because of the need for fewer daily doses and the ability to enjoy an uninterrupted night's sleep. 7Our review is consistent with these recommendations such that at a group level, clinicians may select any strong opioid for first-line treatment.For an individual patient, one strong opioid may be tolerated better than another, so regular assessment of pain control is needed. Areas in Need of Future StudyCurrent evidence is limited by the absence of high-quality studies.More well-designed and well-powered randomized clinical trials are needed.Developing a single outcome that better reflects patients' experiences of both pain and adverse events would allow a clearer comparison.
Decision analysis in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: is it useful?
Authors: M D Brundage, P A Groome, D Feldman-Stewart, J R Davidson, W J Mackillop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE The optimal management of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not been established. While combined-modality treatments have been shown to increase the survival of patients with this illness, the appropriate balance between the benefit of increased quantity of life and the quality-of-life costs of the more toxic treatment combinations remains unresolved. Decision analysis has been promoted as useful when medical decisions must be made under conditions of uncertainty. We consider the potential of this method to guide therapy in locally advanced NSCLC. METHODS We developed two types of decision models that addressed the choice between radiation alone and combined chemotherapy-radiation therapy in locally advanced NSCLC. The models were constructed using the principles of decision analysis. RESULTS The models successfully replicated results of relevant clinical trials published in the literature. The analyses of both models showed that the treatment decision was sensitive to patients' values, despite significant increases in survival rates. The models clarified a need for further validation of the three fundamental components: structuring the decision, determining the probabilities of events, and assigning utilities to treatment outcomes. CONCLUSION In the setting of NSCLC, the models suggest that quality-of-life considerations are important in the treatment choice. Further research is required to identify the health states critical to the decision, the probabilities for occurrence of these health states, and valid measures of their utility.
Water fluoridation and tooth decay in 5 year olds
Authors: T. Vemmer, S. L M Gibson, R. G Gibson, C. Jones, G. Taylor, D. Evans, G. Whittle, D. Trotter
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Authors seem to have misunderstood pharmaceutical price regulation schemeEditor-Maynard and Bloor put forward several remedies to control the cost and availability of NHS medicines. 1
Kinases Mst1 and Mst2 positively regulate phagocytic induction of reactive oxygen species and bactericidal activity
Authors: Jing Geng, Xiufeng Sun, Ping Wang, Shihao Zhang, Xiaozhen Wang, Hongtan Wu, Lixin Hong, Changchuan Xie, Xun Li, Hao Zhao, Qingxu Liu, Mingting Jiang, Qinghua Chen, Jinjia Zhang, Yang Li, Siyang Song, Hong-Rui Wang, Rongbin Zhou, Randy L Johnson, Kun-Yi Chien, Sheng-Cai Lin, Jiahuai Han, Joseph Avruch, Lanfen Chen, Dawang Zhou
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Rearrangement of CCND1 (BCL1/PRAD1) 3' untranslated region in mantle- cell lymphomas and t(11q13)-associated leukemias
Authors: R Rimokh, F Berger, C Bastard, B Klein, M French, E Archimbaud, JP Rouault, B Santa Lucia, L Duret, M Vuillaume
Journal: Blood (1994)
Aneurysms of the Abdominal Aorta: A 20-Year Study
Authors: Dorrance Bowers, William S Cave
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

One hundred and eighty-eight patients in whom the diagnosis of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta (AAA) was established after 1 January 1960 were followed until their deaths or to 31 December 1979. By the actuarial method, the cumulative 5-year risk of an intact aneurysm progressing to rupture was 35%; the observed 5-year survival rate for patients who had medical management for intact AAA was 33%, for patients who had elective surgery for AAA 74%, for patients who had emergency surgery for ruptured AAA 35%, and for those who did not have surgery for ruptured AAA 0%. Comparison of the non-operated and electively-operated groups of patients showed that the former was disproportionately weighted with older higher-risk patients, suggesting that the difference in survival rates for the two groups might be a reflection of patient selection rather than of surgical intervention. Comparison of the cumulative 5-year risk of rupture of an intact AAA with the cumulative 5-year mortality rate associated with elective surgery for intact AAA showed that elective surgery for intact AAA might be expected to result in a reduction in the cumulative 5-year mortality rates of patients with intact AAA.
Plasmic Degradation of Crosslinked Fibrin
Authors: Charles W. Francis, Victor J. Marder, Grant H. Barlow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Crosslinked fibrin was digested by plasmin, and three soluble complexes larger than DD/E were purified and characterized. After gel filtration chromatography, the purified complexes were shown to have molecular weights of 465,000, 703,000, and 850,000, as determined by equilibrium sedimentation. Each of the complexes was dissociated into two or more fragments by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The structure of these subunit fragments was deduced from determinations of their molecular weights and polypeptide chain composition and from known sites of plasmin cleavage of fibrin. Fragments larger than DD have been identified that contain intact γγ crosslinks as well as fragments resulting from cleavages at or near this site. The former include DY (mol wt 247,000), YY (mol wt 285,000), DXD (mol wt 461,000), and YXD (mol wt 500,000); and the latter include fragments XD (mol wt 334,000) and XY (mol wt 391,000). A schematic model was developed to explain the structure of the large noncovalently bound complexes based on their molecular weight and observed component fragments. Our scheme supports the two-stranded half-staggered overlap model as the basic unit of fibrin structure, in which each complex consists of fragments from two adjacent complementary antiparallel fibrin strands. The smallest derivative, complex 1, is the DD/E complex; complex 2 contains apposed DY and YD fragments, and complex 3 consists of fragments DXD and YY. Complex 4 is less well-characterized, but its intact structure is projected to consist of YXD and DXY fragments from adjacent fibrin strands. Each complex is heterogeneous in subunit composition, reflecting additional plasmin cleavages within and/or adjacent to its theoretical boundaries. Since most of the protein initially released into solution from degrading fibrin is as complexes larger than DD/E, the derivatives described in this report are likely to be major circulating degradation products of crosslinked fibrin in vivo.
Improved survival rate in children with stage III and IV B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and leukemia using multi-agent chemotherapy: results of a study of 114 children from the French Pediatric Oncology Society.
Authors: C Patte, T Philip, C Rodary, A Bernard, J M Zucker, J L Bernard, A Robert, X Rialland, E Benz-Lemoine, F Demeocq
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Children with B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who have not relapsed 1 year after diagnosis and treatment are generally cured. We report here the results of treatment in 114 children who all had a minimum follow-up of 20 months. The protocol LMB 0281 from the French Pediatric Oncology Society was used. This nine-drug intensive-pulsed chemotherapy was based on high-dose cyclophosphamide, high-dose methotrexate (HD MTX), and cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) in continuous infusion. CNS prophylaxis was with chemotherapy only. No local irradiation was performed. No debulking surgery was recommended. There were 72 patients with stage III lymphoma and 42 patients with stage IV lymphoma or B cell acute lymphocytic leukemia (B-ALL). Among those 42 patients, seven had CNS involvement alone, 21 had bone marrow alone, and 14 had both; 26 had greater than 25% blast cells in bone marrow, 14 of whom had blast cells in blood. The primary site of involvement was the abdomen in 90 patients, the Waldeyer Ring in nine, and various sites in eight; seven patients presented without tumor. Seventy-seven patients are alive with a median follow-up of 2 years and 8 months. Seven patients died due to initial treatment failure, 11 died from toxicity, and 19 died after relapse. Among the 93 patients without initial CNS involvement, only one isolated relapse in CNS occurred. Survival and disease-free survival rates reached 67% and 64%, respectively, for all patients, 75% and 73% for stage III patients and 54% and 48% for stage IV and B-ALL patients. Bone marrow involvement was not an adverse prognostic factor. Contrary initial CNS involvement indicated a bad prognosis with a disease-free survival rate of 19% compared with 76% without CNS disease. This study showed that CNS prophylaxis and local control of the primary tumor can be achieved by intensive chemotherapy alone, without radiotherapy or debulking surgery.
Topotecan and Cytarabine Is an Active Combination Regimen in Myelodysplastic Syndromes and Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
Authors: Miloslav Beran, Elihu Estey, Susan O'Brien, Jorge Cortes, Charles A. Koller, Francis J. Giles, Steven Kornblau, Michael Andreeff, Norbert Vey, Sherry R. Pierce, Kimberly Hayes, Gee Chuan Wong, Michael Keating, Hagop Kantarjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of topotecan and cytarabine in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML).Fifty-nine patients with MDSs and 27 with CMML were enrolled. They were either previously untreated (66%) or had received only biologic agents (14%) or chemotherapy with or without biologic agents (20%). Treatment consisted of topotecan 1.25 mg/m(2) by continuous intravenous infusion daily for 5 days and cytarabine 1. 0 g/m(2) by infusion over 2 hours daily for 5 days. Prophylaxis included antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents. At a median follow-up of 7 months, all 86 patients were assessable for response and toxicity.Complete remission (CR) was observed in 48 patients (56%; 61% with MDSs, 44% with CMML; P =.15). Similar CR rates were observed for patients with good-risk and poor-risk MDS (70% and 56%, respectively). The treatment effectively induced CR in patients with a poor-prognosis karyotype involving chromosomes 5 and 7 (CR, 71%) and secondary MDSs (CR, 72%). Fifty-four patients received one induction course, 25 patients received two, and the rest received more than two. The median number of continuation courses was two. The median overall duration of CR was 34 weeks (50 weeks for MDSs and 33 weeks for CMML). The median survival was 60 weeks for MDS and 44 weeks for CMML patients. CR and survival durations were longer in patients with refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB). Grade 3 or 4 mucositis or diarrhea was observed in three patients each. Fever was observed in 63%, and infections in 49% of patients. Six patients (7%) died during induction therapy.Topotecan and cytarabine induced high CR rates in unselected patients with MDSs and CMML, particularly among patients with poor-prognosis cytogenetics and secondary MDSs. Topotecan-cytarabine is an active induction regimen in MDS and CMML patients, is well tolerated, and is associated with a low mortality rate.
Quality-of-Life Outcomes After Primary Androgen Deprivation Therapy: Results From the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study
Authors: Arnold L. Potosky, Kevin Knopf, Limin X. Clegg, Peter C. Albertsen, Janet L. Stanford, Ann S. Hamilton, Frank D. Gilliland, J. William Eley, Robert A. Stephenson, Richard M. Hoffman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To compare health-related quality-of-life outcomes after primary androgen deprivation (AD) therapy with orchiectomy versus luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonists for patients with prostate cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Men (n = 431) newly diagnosed with all stages of prostate cancer from six geographic regions who participated in the Prostate Cancer Outcomes Study and who received primary AD therapy but no other treatments within 12 months of initial diagnosis were included in a study of health outcomes. Comparisons were statistically adjusted for patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, timing of therapy, and use of combined androgen blockade. RESULTS: More than half of the patients receiving primary AD therapy had been initially diagnosed with clinically localized prostate cancer. Among these patients, almost two thirds were at high risk of progression on the basis of prognostic factors. Sexual function outcomes were similar by treatment group both before and after implementation of AD therapy. LHRH patients reported more breast swelling than did orchiectomy patients (24.9% v 9.7%, P &lt; .01). LHRH patients reported more physical discomfort and worry because of cancer or its treatment than did orchiectomy patients. LHRH patients assessed their overall health as fair or poor more frequently than did orchiectomy patients (35.4% v 28.1%, P = .01) and also were less likely to consider themselves free of prostate cancer after treatment. CONCLUSION: Most endocrine-related health outcomes are similar after surgical versus medical primary hormonal therapy. Stage at diagnosis had little effect on outcomes. These results provide representative information comparing surgical and medical AD therapy that may be used by physicians and patients to inform treatment decisions.
Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with cancer.
Authors: C H Pui, W T Hughes, W E Evans, W M Crist
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.7.1522 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 8068112 Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with cancer. C H PuixC H PuiSearch for articles by this author , W T HughesxW T HughesSearch for articles by this author , W E EvansxW E EvansSearch for articles by this author , W M CristxW M CristSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1994.12.7.1522 PDF "Prevention of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in children with cancer.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 12(7), pp. 1522–1523© 1994 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Routine coagulation testing is of little value prior to diagnostic bronchoscopy
Authors: Simon Finch, Lauren Manson, Morven E.M. Wilkie, James D. Chalmers, Stuart Schembri
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction  Coagulation testing is common prior to bronchoscopy despite guideline recommendations that this is unnecessary in most patients. This audit aimed to determine the frequency and clinical impact of coagulation testing prior to bronchoscopy.  Methods  217 bronchoscopies were audited. Coagulation testing prior to procedure was recorded. Abnormal prothrombin time (PT) was defined as >13 seconds, abnormal aPTT as >34 seconds and thrombocytopenia as  3 .  Results  The mean age was 67.8 years and 53% were male. Bronchoscopy with endobronchial biopsy was performed in 36%,transbronchial in 5%, stent insertion in 2.7% with endobronchial ultrasound guided biopsy in 6.4%. Significant bleeding was reported in 32 cases (14.7%) (no fatalities related to bleeding). There were no significant differences in coagulation values between those with and without bleeding.  Abnormal values of PT (3.1% vs 3.2%,p=1.0), aPTT (0% vs 3.8%,p=0.6) and thrombocytopenia (0% vs 1.6%,p=1.0) were rare and were not more frequent in patients with bleeding complications.  Of the patients with normal coagulation screens (186) 92 had previously documented normal coagulation. There were a total of 298 coagulation screens performed on 217 patients, costing £2533.  Conclusions  In a population at low risk of coagulation abnormalities, routine coagulation testing appears to have little value and adds significant expense.
A prospective ophthalmic evaluation of patients with acute myeloid leukemia: correlation of ocular and hematologic findings.
Authors: J W Karesh, E J Goldman, K Reck, S E Kelman, E J Lee, C A Schiffer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

We report the results of a prospective 2-year study of the ocular manifestations of myeloid leukemia. Fifty-three patients underwent complete ophthalmic evaluation prior to the initiation of treatment as well as during the course of their disease. All ocular abnormalities were confined to the retina and optic nerve and were present in 34 patients, 30 of whom had either hemorrhages or cotton-wool spots alone or in combination. These findings were unrelated to age, sex, French-American-British (FAB) classification, and pretreatment leukocyte count or hematocrit. Patients with retinopathy had significantly lower platelet counts than those without retinopathy. Three patients had funduscopic evidence of optic nerve edema. None of these had clinical evidence of CNS leukemia. The presence of retinopathy was unrelated to therapeutic response. There was complete resolution of all ocular findings in those patients surviving the induction phase of therapy.
Ponatinib as first-line treatment for patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia in chronic phase: a phase 2 study
Authors: Preetesh Jain, Hagop Kantarjian, Elias Jabbour, Graciela Nogueras Gonzalez, Gautam Borthakur, Naveen Pemmaraju, Naval Daver, Evguenia Gachimova, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Steven Kornblau, Farhad Ravandi, Susan O'Brien, Jorge Cortes
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
Abstract 13007: Common and Rare Variants in SCN10A Associated with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Raafia Muhammad, Tao Yang, Thomas Atack, Eleonora S Galimberti, Joshua C Denny, Jessica Delaney, Marylyn Ritchie, Jonathan L Haines, Melissa A Basford, Babar Parvez, Gayle Kucera, Tanya Stubblefield, Marcia Blair, Sami Ansari, Kaylen Kor, Dan M Roden, Dawood Darbar
Journal: Circulation (2011)