tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P160: Conflicting Associations of Acculturation and Cardiovascular Risk in Hispanics in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010: What Are We Measuring?
Authors: Lenny Lopez, Fatima Rodriguez, James B Meigs, Jeffrey M Ashburner
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Acculturation is the process by which immigrant groups adopt the cultural practices and values of the host country. Research has produced conflicting results in the association between acculturation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among Hispanics. The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) has collected multiple acculturation measures. We evaluated the hypothesis that the acculturation measure utilized impacts the association with CVD risk. Methods: The following measures of acculturation were available: Nativity, Language spoken at home (‘mostly English,’ ‘Equal English/Spanish,’ ‘Mostly Spanish’), Years in the US (0-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, &gt;20), and US citizenship. The validated Short Acculturation Scale (SAS) was only used between 1999 and 2004. Chi-squared analyses and logistic regression models were used to examine the independent association of acculturation with CVD risk factors: hypertension, BMI, diabetes (HgbA1c ≥6.5), total cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dl, HDL (male: &lt;40 mg/dl, female &lt;50 mg/dl). Models were adjusted for age, gender, insurance, education, income, having a usual place of care, and appropriate sampling weights. Nominal association between acculturation variables was assessed with the uncertainty coefficient (UC) (Range: -1 [100% negative association] to 1 [100% positive association]). Results: Of 8707 Hispanics, less acculturated adults, as measured through language, were slightly older (mean age 41 vs. 39), were more likely to have less than a high school education (66 vs. 25%), less likely to have a usual source of care (61 vs.79%), and more likely to be uninsured (57 vs. 27%). Only 8% were born in the US, 31% were US citizens, and 58% reported 15 yrs or less in the US. In fully adjusted models, the SAS and other language based acculturation measures showed null association with CVD risk while increasing years in the US was consistently associated with increasing risk over time of hypertension (ORs range: 1.1-2.3), obesity (ORs range: 1.2-2.4) and diabetes (ORs range: 1.0-2.6). Only obesity had similar point estimates and confidence intervals across acculturation measures (ORs range: 1.0 - 2.4). Moderate positive correlation was highest between language usually spoken at home and country of birth (UC=0.4) followed by US citizenship (UC=0.3). Conclusions: NHANES is widely used in the study of Hispanic health. Different acculturation measures demonstrate differing associations with CVD risk factors. In contrast to language-based measures, only length of residence in the US showed consist associations across CVD risk factors. Future research is needed to further characterize acculturation metrics among heterogeneous Hispanic populations.
The Determination of Hydrogen Ions. An Elementary Treatise on the Hydrogen Electrode, Indicator and Supplementary Methods with an Indexed Bibliography on Applications.
Authors: W. Mansfield Clark
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Utilization and Impact of Pre-Hospital Electrocardiograms for Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Deborah B. Diercks, Michael C. Kontos, Anita Y. Chen, Charles V. Pollack, Stephen D. Wiviott, John S. Rumsfeld, David J. Magid, W. Brian Gibler, Christopher P. Cannon, Eric D. Peterson, Matthew T. Roe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Imaging vascular lesions with indium-111-labeled platelets.
Authors: A M Peters, J P Lavender
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We read with interest the article by Horowitz et al.' describing ventricular tachycardia morphologically resembling "torsade de pointes" in patients without pharmacologic or metabolic abnor- malities.In their study, supported by remarkable electrophysiologic data, the authors emphasized that the classification of ventric- ular tachycardias based solely on morphologic criteria is arbitrary, and they analyzed further electrophysiologic aspects of the polymorphous ventricular tachycardia.However, we feel that the use of the term "torsade de pointes" in the absence of a prolonged QT interval is unwarranted for most of the patients they described.After the initiation of the term "torsade de pointes" by Dessertenne,' French authors3 used this denomination for ventric- ular arrhythmias that had a polymorphous QRS pattern with al- ternating axis and marked repolarization delay manifested as QT prolongation.However, in the English literature,8 this definition was not always strictly followed.The presence of a prolonged QT interval has important clinical implications, especially because therapy for torsade de pointes and that for polymorphous ventricular tachycardias with normal QT in- terval are diametrically opposed.In torsade de pointes, the usual antiarrhythmic therapy is not only ineffective but is even deleterious, while isoproterenol (or cardiac pacing) abolishes effec- tively the arrhythmia by shortening the delayed repolariza- tion."-71-11However, in polymorphous ventricular tachycardias with normal QT intervals, isoproterenol has a deleterious effect.7Thus, basing the therapy on the polymorphicity of the arrhythmia only, without considering the length of repolarization, may aggravate the patient's condition.Because of the clinical importance of the QT prolongation as a warning sign preceding the occurrence of the true torsade de pointes,3 7 9 '0 and the differences imposed by this diagnosis on the therapeutic approach, we support the opinion, expressed by Smith and Gallagher," that the term torsade de pointes should be reserved for cases with an associated delayed myocardial repolarization.
305. Regulation of Targeted Gene Repair by DNA Replication and by DNA Replication Arrest
Authors: Eric B. Kmiec, Jennifer Sonntag, Erin Brachman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

High frequencies of oligonucleotide-mediated gene repair events are linked to the cellular activities of homologous recombination, DNA repair, transcription and now, DNA replication. In the process of gene repair, oligonucleotides are designed to hybridize to either the transcribed or nontranscribed strand of DNA where the correction events reveal a strand bias favoring the nontranscribed strand. We now report that DNA replication plays a role in dictating the gene repair phenomenon of strand bias. We constructed mutant eGFP episomal targets lying adjacent to an active SV40 origin of replication and transformed them into COS1 cells. By changing the orientation of the eGFP gene relative to the origin of replication we were able to effectively separate the effects of the concurrently active processes of transcription and replication. In addition to the already reported bias towards the nontranscribed strand, a replication bias towards the lagging strand was uncovered. Replication bias remained intact and reproducible even when both the mismatch and the oligonucleotide were altered. To further examine the replication bias, identical episomal constructs were made substituting the eGFP gene with other target genes including a kanamycin resistance gene with a single base pair substitution or a tetracycline resistance gene with either a single base pair substitution or deletion. Bacterial readout assays allowed us to quantitate the correction values per plasmid rather than per cell. Two of the three bacterial genes exhibited a lagging strand bias indicating replication's influence upon the process. However, because this effect is not universal, it also indicates that the cellular effects on oligonucleotide-mediated repair are multifactoral; replication is clearly one of the number of processes involved. The balance of the process of replication, transcription, and DNA context most certainly influence the relative success of gene repair as well as the favored strand bias. Our results establish a gene repair hierarchy at the DNA level relative to the ongoing activities of transcription and replication.
Randomized Trial of the Effect of Pharmacist Prescribing on Improving Blood Pressure in the Community
Authors: Ross T. Tsuyuki, Sherilyn K.D. Houle, Theresa L. Charrois, Michael R. Kolber, Meagen M. Rosenthal, Richard Lewanczuk, Norm R.C. Campbell, Dale Cooney, Finlay A. McAlister
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Hypertension control rates remain suboptimal. Pharmacists' scope of practice is evolving, and their position in the community may be ideal for improving hypertension care. We aimed to study the impact of pharmacist prescribing on blood pressure (BP) control in community-dwelling patients.We designed a patient-level, randomized, controlled trial, enrolling adults with above-target BP (as defined by Canadian guidelines) through community pharmacies, hospitals, or primary care teams in 23 communities in Alberta. Intervention group patients received an assessment of BP and cardiovascular risk, education on hypertension, prescribing of antihypertensive medications, laboratory monitoring, and monthly follow-up visits for 6 months (all by their pharmacist). Control group patients received a wallet card for BP recording, written hypertension information, and usual care from their pharmacist and physician. Primary outcome was the change in systolic BP at 6 months. A total of 248 patients (mean age, 64 years; 49% male) were enrolled. Baseline mean±SD systolic/diastolic BP was 150±14/84±11 mm Hg. The intervention group had a mean±SE reduction in systolic BP at 6 months of 18.3±1.2 compared with 11.8±1.9 mm Hg in the control group, an adjusted difference of 6.6±1.9 mm Hg (P=0.0006). The adjusted odds of patients achieving BP targets was 2.32 (95% confidence interval, 1.17-4.15 in favor of the intervention).Pharmacist prescribing for patients with hypertension resulted in a clinically important and statistically significant reduction in BP. Policy makers should consider an expanded role for pharmacists, including prescribing, to address the burden of hypertension.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00878566.
Disruption of a new forkhead/winged-helix protein, scurfin, results in the fatal lymphoproliferative disorder of the scurfy mouse
Authors: Mary E. Brunkow, Eric W. Jeffery, Kathryn A. Hjerrild, Bryan Paeper, Lisa B. Clark, Sue-Ann Yasayko, J. Erby Wilkinson, David Galas, Steven F. Ziegler, Fred Ramsdell
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Abstract MP12: Electronic Health Record-Based Assessment of Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Randi E Foraker, Abigail B Shoben, Albert M Lai, Philip R Payne, Marjorie Kelley, Marcelo A Lopetegui, Michael Langan, Hilary A Tindle, Rebecca D Jackson
Journal: Circulation (2015)

INTRODUCTION: An electronic health record (EHR)-based visualization tool was developed to facilitate patient-provider communication around the American Heart Association’s (AHA) Life’s Simple 7™ for cardiovascular health (CVH). The tool automatically populates with patient data from the EHR and utilizes a stoplight color scheme to indicate “ideal” (green), “intermediate” (yellow), and “poor” (red) CVH. METHODS: CVH was defined for smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, and cholesterol according to AHA criteria. For this analysis, diabetes was characterized as either yellow (treated) or green (untreated), as most patients were missing fasting glucose values. An overall CVH score was calculated and ranged from 0 (worst) to 10 (best) by summing across behaviors and factors as follows: poor, 0; intermediate, 1; and ideal, 2. The CVH tool first launched within the EHR of our outpatient intervention clinic in October 2013. The change in CVH of female patients ages 65 and older seen in the clinic during the pre-intervention period (May 1 - July 31, 2013) and the post-intervention period (May 1 - July 31, 2014) was described. RESULTS: One hundred nine women (average age 74 years; 35% black), seen pre- and post-intervention, were enrolled in the study. The mean CVH score was 6.0 and the mean fractional score (actual score/maximum possible) was 0.63 at both time points, and neither differed significantly by race. Figure 1 shows the distribution of ideal, intermediate, poor, and missing CVH values for each behavior and factor in 2013 and 2014. From 2013 to 2014, the proportion of obese women decreased from 47% to 43%, and the proportion of normal-weight women increased from 15% to 19%. Favorable changes were also seen for diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to develop and implement an EHR-based CVH visualization tool. Our study demonstrates that it is feasible to implement patient-centered EHR-based tools at the point-of-care in the primary care setting. Future work is needed to assess how to best harness the potential of such tools.
Reflectance confocal microscopy allows<i>in vivo</i>real-time noninvasive assessment of the outcome of methyl aminolaevulinate photodynamic therapy of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: M. Venturini, R. Sala, S. Gonzàlez, P.G. Calzavara-Pinton
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL) is an approved noninvasive treatment option for basal cell carcinoma (BCC). In vivo reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a noninvasive imaging technique that has proved useful for in vivo real-time cytomorphological analysis of BCC cells infiltrating the epidermis. To investigate the use of in vivo RCM to assess the persistence of BCC cells surviving MAL-PDT.In vivo RCM images of 20 biopsy-proven BCCs were taken before patients underwent a treatment cycle with MAL-PDT. Follow-up after 3months was performed using clinical examination, RCM and conventional dermoscopy. Treated areas also underwent a targeted 3-mm punch biopsy for standard haematoxylin and eosin histology stain to establish the clinical and instrumental correlation of the treatment outcome. Three months after PDT, clinical examination established that two out of 20 BCCs were persistent; dermoscopy found three out of 20 residual BCCs, but RCM showed that one of these lesions was a false positive, and showed persistent BCC foci in five out of 20 lesions. Histological analysis of targeted biopsies confirmed these results. RCM provided noninvasive, early detection of incipient recurrences of BCC after MAL-PDT. RCM findings steered targeted biopsies and surgical removal, or a new MAL-PDT, of these subclinical recurrences with minimal invasiveness.
Skin Grafting from a Personal and Experimental Viewpoint
Authors: Earl Calvin Padgett
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reduced‐dose fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR‐Lite) plus lenalidomide, followed by lenalidomide consolidation/maintenance, in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Anthony R. Mato, Kenneth A. Foon, Tatyana Feldman, Stephen J. Schuster, Jakub Svoboda, Kar Fai Chow, Marisa Valentinetti, Mary Mrkulic, Kelly Azzollini, Gabriella Gadaleta, Pritish K. Bhattacharyya, Joshua Zenreich, Lauren‐Nicole Pascual, Kara Yannotti, Sabrina Kdiry, Christina Howlett, Lauren Strelec, David Porter, Coleen Bejot, André Goy
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab (FCR) remains the standard of care for fit chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients requiring first therapy. However, side effects can be significant, and patients with poor risk features have inferior outcomes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reduced‐dose FCR (FCR‐Lite) plus lenalidomide (FCR 2 ) followed by lenalidomide maintenance as a strategy to shorten immunochemotherapy in untreated CLL. Patients received four to six cycles of FCR 2 . Patients who were minimal residual disease (MRD) negative in peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) initiated 12 months of lenalidomide maintenance after either four or six cycles (based on MRD status). The primary study endpoint was the complete response (CR) rate after four cycles of FCR 2 . Twenty patients were evaluable. After four cycles of FCR 2 , response rates were: CR, 45.0%; CR with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi), 5.0%; partial response (PR), 45.0%; and stable disease (SD), 5.0%. BM and PB samples from 27.8% and 52.9% of patients, respectively, were MRD negative. After six cycles, response rates were: CR, 58.3%; CRi, 16.7%; and PR, 25.0%. BM and PB samples from 50.0% and 72.7% of patients, respectively, were MRD negative. Overall, 75% of evaluable patients achieved a CR or CRi following FCR 2 . After 17.4 months of median follow‐up, one progression and one death occurred. Our findings suggest that FCR 2 combines encouraging clinical activity with acceptable toxicity in previously untreated CLL. Lenalidomide can be safely added to FCR and may reduce chemotherapy exposure without compromising outcomes. Am. J. Hematol. 90:487–492, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abstract 15731: Hypoxia and Akt Induced Stem Cell Factor Exerts Cardioprotective Effects via Specific Binding to the Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor
Authors: Akshay Bareja, Conrad Hodgkinson, Alan Payne, Richard Pratt, Victor Dzau
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Myocardial infarction results in the death of large numbers of cardiomyocytes which are not replaced. We have recently identified a protein, Hypoxia and Akt induced Stem cell Factor (HASF), which inhibits cardiomyocyte apoptosis and promotes the proliferation of these cells. Although the therapeutic effects of HASF were clearly demonstrated, critical aspects of the signaling pathway, namely the identity of the receptor, were unclear. Here, we report that HASF binds and signals through the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Receptor (IGF-1R). Methods: Mouse cardiomyocytes were isolated by the Langendorff technique. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation were used to identify HASF binding proteins. Kinase activation and GLUT4 translocation were assessed by immunoblot analysis. Results: A yeast two-hybrid screen identified a partial fragment of the IGF-1R as a binding partner of HASF. Direct interaction between HASF and the full-length IGF-1R was subsequently identified via co-immunoprecipitatio...
Abstract 4164: The druggable proteome: Identifying novel target families for cancer
Authors: Parisa Razaz, Paul Workman, Bissan Al-Lazikani
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cancer drug attrition rates in the clinic continue to be unacceptably high (1). As most failures are due to lack of observed efficacy, greater focus is being placed on target validation (1), which in turn is driving drug discovery efforts towards safer targets and pathways. Meanwhile, large scale ‘omic efforts are showing us that there are hundreds of potential cancer drivers outside of the key targets known to the cancer field. Furthermore, cancer drugs can function through the exploitation of non-oncogenes (2). To mirror the systematic, large-scale and objective identification of potential cancer drivers, we have applied a large-scale, objective, systematic and multifaceted chemogenomic approach. This combines biological, chemical, pharmacological and 3D structural data (3,4) to prioritize druggable proteins and protein families, identifying novel untapped families with potential for cancer drug discovery. We have carried out computational druggability assessment of the human proteome (∼35’854 RefSeqs) using ligand-, structure-, network-, precedence- and feature-based druggability analysis methods. This has identified over 20 families that are likely to be druggable and, as can be gleaned from the literature, have had little or no chemical exploration efforts. We combine this with bioinformatics analysis of multiomic data from 18 different cancer types, with a focus on GI cancers of unmet medical need, in order to rank the families based on potential evidence of deregulation in these cancers. Here we present the results of this analysis, along with preliminary RNAi knockdown results of some of the families. Application of these objective methodologies allows identification of previously untapped druggable families for cancers, in addition to establishment and application of a computational pipeline for druggability assessment. 1. Arrowsmith, J. &amp; Miller, P. Trial Watch: Phase II and Phase III attrition rates 2011-2012. Nat Rev Drug Discov 12, 569 (2013). 2. Workman, P. &amp; Al-Lazikani, B. Drugging cancer genomes. Nat Rev Drug Discov 12, 889-890 (2013). 3. Patel, M. N., Halling-Brown, M. D., Tym, J. E., Workman, P. &amp; Al-Lazikani, B. Objective assessment of cancer genes for drug discovery. Nat Rev Drug Discov 12, 35-50 (2013). 4. canSAR.icr.ac.uk at &amp;lt;https://cansar.icr.ac.uk&amp;gt; Citation Format: Parisa Razaz, Paul Workman, Bissan Al-Lazikani. The druggable proteome: Identifying novel target families for cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4164. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4164