tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of treatment guidance on diarrhea and colitis across ipilimumab studies.
Authors: S. O'Day, J. S. Weber, J. D. Wolchok, J. M. Richards, P. Lorigan, D. F. McDermott, W. J. Urba, V. DePril, K. N. Heller, R. A. Ibrahim, A. Hauschild
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

8554 Background: Ipilimumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody that potentiates immunity by blocking interactions between CTLA-4 and CD80/CD86. Ipilimumab has shown survival benefit in subjects with previously treated metastatic melanoma (Hodi et al, NEJM 2010;363:711). Diarrhea/colitis (D/C) are adverse events that occur with ipilimumab which could develop into serious life threatening complications such as bowel perforation. A gastrointestinal management guideline has been developed as a reference for managing D/C events. The objective of this analysis was to assess the effectiveness of a protocol specified treatment algorithm on the management of D/C. Methods: This was an event level analysis. A total of 687 D/C events from 5 studies in which 511 subjects received ipilimumab 3 mg/kg every 3 wks for 4 doses, and 325 subjects received 10 mg/kg. Results: Subjects in the 3 mg/kg cohort reported 370 D/C events. Guidance for Grade 1 (g1) diarrhea was to treat symptomatically without immunosuppressives (IS) unless it persisted beyond 5 days: 64% of the events were g1, 18% prompted treatment with IS. Of the g1 events that were managed with IS, 67% resolved; of those that did not receive IS, 87% resolved. Guidance for g2 diarrhea was to treat symptomatically, with budesonide, or with corticosteroids if symptoms persist for 3-5 days or worsen. G2 D/C occurred in 22% of all events; 46% were treated with IS; median time to first IS was 3 days. The majority of g2 events resolved or improved regardless of IS. Systemic corticosteroids were recommended for g≥3 D/C. Resolution/downgrading of symptoms occurred in 90% of g≥3 events after IS. Median time to resolution was 2 wks and median time to downgrade was 1 wk. Initiation of IS within 5 days from onset of an event led to faster resolution of symptoms compared to IS after 5 days. 13% of the events were g≥3; 86% were managed with systemic corticosteroids and median time to first dose was 1 day. Conclusions: When the use of protocol specified guidance was followed appropriately it led to resolution of D/C during ipilimumab treatment. The majority of high grade colitis events were treated with systemic steroids. Rapid institution of IS (within 5 days) led to faster resolution of symptoms.
解读《高血压防治基层实用规范》（五）
Authors: 王增武, 曹剑, 李小鹰
Journal: BMJ (2004)

(上接2004年第2期第97页) 五、要做好高血压治疗,基层医生必须掌握哪些抗高血压药物? 高血压的药物治疗是控制高血压非常重要的手段.基层医疗卫生机构卫生资源的可获得性不同,患者支付能力不同.为了改善治疗的顺应性、提高控制率,在药物的使用方面,除考虑药物的疗效外,一定要兼顾药物的可获得性和药物的价格.基于目前国内外循证医学研究和国内大多数地区的药物供应情况,以及价格因素,基层医生至少应熟练掌握以下几种抗高血压药物:
BAL eosinophil counts and specific clinical phenotypes of asthmatic and/or atopic children
Authors: Deborah Snijders, Erica Bazzan, Samuela Bugin, Laura Bottecchia, Elena Mutti, Andrea Ballarin, Graziella Turato, Simonetta Baraldo, Marina Saetta, Angelo Barbato
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Eosinophils play an important role in the inflammatory process of asthma and allergy, but their role is still unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether BAL eosinophils could identify specific clinical phenotypes of asthmatic and/or atopic children. We analysed BAL and bronchial biopsies from 107 children undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy for appropriate indications: 26 atopic asthmatics (AAS), 28 non-atopic asthmatics (NAAS), 22 atopics without asthma (ANAS) and 31 non-asthmatic non-atopic controls (C). Total and differential cell counts, ECP and IL-8 were analysed in BAL. Inflammatory cells were also quantified in bronchial biopsies by immunohistochemistry. Based on BAL counts we grouped children into non-eosinophilic (BAL eos ≤1%; 90 children: 16 AAS, 24 NAAS, 20 ANAS, 30 C) and eosinophilic (BAL eos ≥2%; 17 children: 10 AAS, 4 NAAS, 2 ANAS, 1 C). Age was similar in the two groups (median 5 yrs). Eosinophilic children showed significant increases in IgE, ECP, IL8, BAL neutrophils and tissue eosinophils (p<0.01 for all). When the eosinophilic group was divided in intermediate (2% ≤ BAL eos <4%) and severe (BAL eos ≥4%), both groups had increased IgE, ECP and tissue eosinophils. Instead, IL8 and neutrophil counts were increased in intermediate but not in the severe group (p<0.005). Severe eosinophilia was seen more frequently in children with difficult asthma (p=0.039).

In conclusion, BAL eosinophilia in our study was observed in 15,8% of children and severe eosinophilia in 7.5%. AAS were more frequent in the intermediate and severe eosinophillic groups; NAAS were equally distributed in the three groups and ANAS were present in the non-eosinophilic and severe eosinophilic group.
Abstract 4122: What is the Effect of Amiodarone on Cardiac Memory? A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Shafeeq Ahmed, Saneka Chakravarty, Craig I Coleman, Jeffrey Kluger
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Post pacing induced T-wave inversion after resumption of normal ventricular activation is known as cardiac memory. Animal studies have shown that the transient outward current Ikto and L-type calcium channels are altered in cardiac memory. We hypothesize that pacing induced cardiac memory is modified by amiodarone due to its I kto and L-type calcium channel blocking effects. We conducted a prospective cohort evaluation of paced patients at a single institution. Patients were excluded if they were pacemaker dependant or had underlying bundle branch block. All eligible patients had a pacemaker-inhibited standard 12-lead electrocardiogram after informed consent and collection of basic demographic information. Patients who were receiving amiodarone (n=11) at the time of pacemaker interrogation were compared to a control group of patients that were not taking amiodarone (n=28). Cardiac memory was deemed to be present if T-wave inversions were observed in any pre-cordial or inferior lead (V1-V6, II, III, and AVF). Univariate statistics were used to compare both the incidence of cardiac memory and the mean number of cardiac memory leads. Seven patients receiving and 27 patients not receiving amiodarone exhibited cardiac memory (63.6% vs. 96.4%; p=0.02†). (See Table ) In addition, patients receiving amiodarone had cardiac memory observed in significantly fewer pre-cordial or inferior leads (2.91 vs. 5.18; p=0.02†) Amiodarone appears to be associated with attenuation of pacing induced cardiac memory. Table
Prevalence of congenital cardiovascular malformations in children of human immunodeficiency virus-infected women
Authors: Wyman W Lai, Steven E Lipshultz, Kirk A Easley, Thomas J Starc, Stacey E Drant, J.Timothy Bricker, Steven D Colan, Douglas S Moodie, George Sopko, Samuel Kaplan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)

Objectives. The purpose of the study was to assess the effects of maternal HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus) infection and vertically transmitted HIV-1 infection on the prevalence of congenital cardiovascular malformations in children. Background. In the United States, an estimated 7000 children are born to HIV-infected women annually. Previous limited reports have suggested an increase in the prevalence of congenital cardiovascular malformations in vertically transmitted HIV-infected children. Methods. In a prospective longitudinal multicenter study, diagnostic echocardiograms were performed at 4–6-month intervals on two cohorts of children exposed to maternal HIV-1 infection: 1) a Neonatal Cohort of 90 HIV-infected, 449 HIV-uninfected and 19 HIV-indeterminate children; and 2) an Older HIV-Infected Cohort of 201 children with vertically transmitted HIV-1 infection recruited after 28 days of age. Results. In the Neonatal Cohort, 36 lesions were seen in 36 patients, yielding an overall congenital cardiovascular malformation prevalence of 6.5% (36/558), with a 8.9% (8/90) prevalence in HIV-infected children and a 5.6% (25/449) prevalence in HIV-uninfected children. Two children (2/558, 0.4%) had cyanotic lesions. In the Older HIV-Infected Cohort, there was a congenital cardiovascular malformation prevalence of 7.5% (15/201). The distribution of lesions did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusions. There was no statistically significant difference in congenital cardiovascular malformation prevalence in HIV-infected versus HIV-uninfected children born to HIV-infected women. With the use of early screening echocardiography, rates of congenital cardiovascular malformations in both the HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected children were five- to ten-fold higher than rates reported in population-based epidemiologic studies but not higher than in normal populations similarly screened. Potentially important subclinical congenital cardiovascular malformations were detected.
Abstract 19704: Prevalence of Traditional Risk Factors and Clinical Outcome of ST Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Associated with Cocaine Use
Authors: Camilo Gomez, Carlos Rueda, Marian Calfa, Eduardo de Marchena, Carlos Alfonso, Cesar Mendoza, Juan P Zambrano, Roberto Vazquez-Padron, Juan C Duque, Natasha Fernandez, Yahya Alansari, Sergio Perez, Alexandre Ferreira
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Cocaine abuse has been implicated in acute myocardial infarction by a number of pathophysiological mechanisms but the prevalence of traditional risk factors and its impact on overall mortality has not been systematically studied in this population. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence of risk factors and the clinical outcome of a population of patients who presented with ST-segment elevation infarction (STEMI) in the setting of cocaine use.  This is a retrospective analysis of 655 STEMI patients who were candidates for primary PCI between 2006 and 2012. A total of 47 patients were identified who had a positive toxicology screening for cocaine and cardiac enzymes for the index admission. Demographics, risk factor prevalence and clinical outcome of cocaine abusers were compared to the overall STEMI population.  A total of 47 patients from a cohort of 655 (7.1%) were cocaine users (CU). CU were younger, mean age in non cocaine users (NCU) was 60.5, and in CU 48.5 (P  Cocaine users presenting with STEMI have a higher cardiovascular mortality compared to non-cocaine users despite a lower prevalence of the traditional risk factors for CAD and less extensive CAD.
Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Eric M Rottenberg
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Maternal Diabetes and Obesity May Have Lifelong Impact on Health of Offspring
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12178: Association of Inter-Arm Blood Pressure Differences (iad) With Future Cardiovascular Events (cv) in the Patients With Coronary Artery Disease (cad)
Authors: Takanori Tokitsu, Eiichiro Yamamoto, Yoshihiro Hirata, Koichiro Fujisue, Koichi Sugamura, Seiji Hokimoto,, Seigo Sugiyama, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Recent studies have shown that IAD could be one of the risks of CV events. However, there is no report regarding IAD in patients with CAD. Hence, we investigated whether presence of IAD relates with the severity of CAD and predicts future CV events in CAD patients. Methods: We analyzed 657 stable patients with suspected CAD, we measured blood pressure(BP) of both hands simultaneously by using ankle brachial index (ABI) on admission, We examined the presence of CAD by coronary angiography (&gt;75% stenosis) and calculated gensini score for evaluating the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. We defined higher IAD value is 10mmHg &lt; differences and abnormal value of ABI is &lt;0.9 in either leg. Result: Mean IAD values were significantly higher in CAD patients (n=407) compared to non-CAD patients (n=250) (4.3±5.2 mmHg vs. 2.8±2.5 mmHg, P&lt;0.01). In CAD patients, 29 patients (7.1% of CAD patients) had higher IAD, and 63(15.5%) had lower ABI. IAD values of lower ABI group were significantly higher than normal group (6.9±7.8 mmHg vs. 3.8±4.5 mmHg, P&lt;0.01). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, BMI, female, ABI, LDL, Gensini score, were independently associated with the presence of IAD. Gensini score was significantly elevated in higher IAD group than lower IAD group(60.9±32.4 mmHg vs.41.2±28.5 mmHg, P&lt;0.01), and after patients were divided into 4 groups according to a combination of ABI value and IAD value, gensini score was highest (80.5±33.9)in lower ABI and higher IAD group among 4 groups (p&lt;0.01) Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that higher IAD group had a significantly higher probability of CV events than lower IAD group (log rank test, P&lt;0.01), furthermore, lower ABI and higher IAD group had a highest probability of CV events among 4 groups (log-rank test, p&lt;0.001). Cox hazard analysis revealed that higher IAD was independent predictor of CV events [hazard ratio: 2.86, 95% confidence interval (1.51-5.40), P=0.001] in the patients with CAD. Conclusion: IAD value was significantly higher in CAD patients and was correlated with severity of CAD. More than 10mmHg IAD independently associated with the occurrence of CV events. The measurement of BP of both hands simultaneously is useful for risk stratification of CAD patients.
Abstract 3453: Autophagic regulation of the Met receptor tyrosine kinase in breast cancer
Authors: Emily S. Bell, Dongmei Zuo, Morag Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The Met receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) and its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), are potent mediators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition and an invasive growth program. The HGF-Met signaling axis plays a significant role in the development or progression of many human cancers, and elevated Met expression is associated with poor prognosis and the basal subtype in breast cancer. Met signaling is regulated temporally and spatially through endocytic trafficking to degradative or recycling compartments, and delayed Met trafficking to the degradative pathway promotes enhanced cell migration, adhesion-independent growth and tumorigenesis. It is now recognized that autophagy, an intracellular degradative process, utilizes the endocytic system in both formation and maturation of double-membraned autophagosomes. Autophagy can have both tumor promoting and tumor suppressor roles in different contexts or stages of disease. We hypothesized that reprogramming of endocytic membrane system to support an autophagic starvation response may alter Met RTK trafficking, and therefore modulate tumorigenic signaling. To test this, we utilized MDA-MB-231 and BT-549 triple-negative breast cancer cell lines, as well as Hela cells, as models to study the trafficking and signaling of the Met RTK under conditions of autophagic stimulation or inhibition. Following HGF stimulation and receptor internalization, Met engages with core autophagic machinery in a starvation-dependent manner. Increased autophagosome formation decreases Met recycling to the plasma membrane, which can be rescued by shRNA-mediated knockdown of genes required for autophagy initiation. We demonstrate that the autophagic process negatively regulates signaling of Met through the PI3K/Akt and MAPK pathways and decreases Met-dependent cellular responses. These findings identify Met RTK regulation as a potential tumor-suppressive function of autophagy. Citation Format: Emily S. Bell, Dongmei Zuo, Morag Park. Autophagic regulation of the Met receptor tyrosine kinase in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3453. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3453
Interleukin‐33 modulates the expression of human β‐defensin 2 in human primary keratinocytes and may influence the susceptibility to bacterial superinfection in acute atopic dermatitis
Authors: A. Alase, J. Seltmann, T. Werfel, M. Wittmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Background Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of the IL-1 family and has been implicated in Th2-driven allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma. The principal Th2 cytokine IL-4, found highly expressed in acute allergic eczema, is known to downregulate human β-defensin 2 (hBD2) expression in human keratinocytes and this is associated with superinfection in patients with AD. Objectives To investigate the effect of IL-33 on the expression of hBD2 in human keratinocytes. Methods hBD2 production by stimulated keratinocytes was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results Our results showed that serum is a very potent inducer of hBD2 and 2·5% human serum was much more potent in inducing hBD2 than 20 ng mL−1 of tumour necrosis factor-α. Interestingly, serum from patients with AD showed an impaired ability to induce hBD2 in normal keratinocytes. IL-33 significantly downregulated serum-induced hBD2. The downregulatory capacity of IL-33 was found to be 1·5- to 2-fold weaker compared with IL-4. Conclusions Our data suggest that IL-33 can significantly contribute to the decreased expression of hBD2 in acute eczematous reaction clinically characterized by spongiosis and oozing – thus indicative for contact of the epidermis with serum components.
Mood-elevating effect of captopril in depressed patients
Authors: G S Zubenko, R A Nixon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The use of captopril, an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme and enkephalinase, was associated with substantial mood elevation in three depressed patients. Substances that may alter neuropeptide synthesis or degradation warrant further investigation as therapeutic agents in certain neuropsychiatric disorders.
Drug points: Is there a problem with long term use of sumatriptan in acute migraine?
Authors: M J Osborne, R C T Austin, K J Dawson, L Lange
Journal: BMJ (1994)

We report a case of a migraine sufferer treated with sumatriptan who developed a dramatic increase in the frequency of migraine attacks with consequent dependence.

For 50 years a 62 year old man had suffered severe migraine attacks with vomiting and prostration, lasting for 24-36 hours and recurring about once a month. …
New Method for the Isolation of Drug-Resistant Clones of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells 2
Authors: Christopher A. Lomax, J. Frank Henderson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article New Method for the Isolation of Drug-Resistant Clones of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells Get access Christopher A. Lomax, Christopher A. Lomax Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Frank Henderson J. Frank Henderson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 4, April 1974, Pages 1291–1295, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.4.1291 Published: 01 April 1974 Article history Received: 02 October 1973 Accepted: 02 January 1974 Published: 01 April 1974
Distichiasis-lymphoedema: clinical features, venous function and lymphoscintigraphy
Authors: J.L. Rosbotham, G.W. Brice, A.H. Child, T.O. Nunan, P.S. Mortimer, K.G. Burnand
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Distichiasis–lymphoedema is a rare variant of the genetically determined lymphoedemas; distichiasis is the abnormal development of the meibomian glands causing aberrant growth of eyelashes. However, a better understanding of this clinically distinct subgroup may provide useful information on the genetic inheritance of all types of lymphoedema. This report provides phenotype data on a very large family with distichiasis–lymphoedema. Lymphoscintigraphy and light reflection rheography (venous function) were undertaken to identify the phenotype more clearly. As a result of lymphoscintigraphy several subjects were reclassified phenotypically (unaffected or affected) with implications for genetic linkage studies. Associated congenital abnormalities were found and venous abnormalities were almost always present in affected limbs. A dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance was confirmed.