tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronan, CD44, and Emmprin Regulate Lactate Efflux and Membrane Localization of Monocarboxylate Transporters in Human Breast Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Mark G. Slomiany, G. Daniel Grass, Angela D. Robertson, Xiao Y. Yang, Bernard L. Maria, Craig Beeson, Bryan P. Toole
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Interactions of hyaluronan with CD44 in tumor cells play important cooperative roles in various aspects of malignancy and drug resistance. Emmprin (CD147; basigin) is a cell surface glycoprotein of the immunoglobulin superfamily that is highly up-regulated in malignant cancer cells and stimulates hyaluronan production, as well as several downstream signaling pathways. Emmprin also interacts with various monocarboxylate transporters (MCT). Malignant cancer cells use the glycolytic pathway and require MCTs to efflux lactate that results from glycolysis. Glycolysis and lactate secretion contribute to malignant cell behaviors and drug resistance in tumor cells. In the present study, we find that perturbation of endogenous hyaluronan, using small hyaluronan oligosaccharides, rapidly inhibits lactate efflux from breast carcinoma cells; down-regulation of emmprin, using emmprin small interfering RNA, also results in decreased efflux. In addition, we find that CD44 coimmunoprecipitates with MCT1, MCT4, and emmprin and colocalizes with these proteins at the plasma membrane. Moreover, after treatment of the cells with hyaluronan oligosaccharides, CD44, MCT1, and MCT4 become localized intracellularly whereas emmprin remains at the cell membrane. Together, these data indicate that constitutive interactions among hyaluronan, CD44, and emmprin contribute to regulation of MCT localization and function in the plasma membrane of breast carcinoma cells. [Cancer Res 2009;69(4):1293–301]
Abstract 5590: Screening of pediatric and adult sarcoma cell lines reveals novel patterns of sensitivity toward approved oncology drugs and investigational agents.
Authors: E. Michael August, Rene Delosh, Julie Laudeman, Chad Ogle, Russell Reinhart, Michael Selby, Thomas Silvers, Joel Morris, Beverly A. Teicher
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Sarcomas represent a heterogeneous group of neglected cancers with significant unmet medical need. To date, large-scale screening of compounds for activity against sarcomas has not been carried out in any systematic fashion to enable drug discovery. Our laboratory has compiled a panel of &amp;gt; 85 human pediatric and adult sarcoma cell lines, a tumor type not represented in the NCI60, and has carried out a high throughput screen of approximately 60 of these lines against the Approved Oncology Drugs (AOD) and Investigational Agents libraries, using inhibition of proliferation as an endpoint. The AOD library is comprised of 93 FDA-approved anticancer agents, and is available from The NCI/DTP Open Chemical Repository. The Investigational Agents library includes about 350 small molecules of interest. The compounds were screened for inhibition of cell proliferation in 9-point concentration response, starting at 10 uM and diluting by half-logs. The cells were cultured in 384-well plates for 24 hrs, at which time compounds were added with a final DMSO concentration of 0.25%. Viability was determined after 96 hrs of exposure using Alamar Blue. The % viability was determined relative to a vehicle-treated control, and this value was plotted relative to compound concentration to determine the EC50. The Ewing sarcoma lines (19) were unexpectedly more sensitive to pemetrexed, cabazitaxel, and floxuridine, and were, as expected, sensitive to topoisomerase 1 inhibitors relative to other sarcomas and to historical NCI60 data. Synovial sarcoma lines were sensitive to vinorelbine, vandetinib, and gemcitabine relative to other sarcomas. Further analyses and findings from the data will be presented. Funded by NCI Contract no. HHSN261200800001E. Citation Format: E. Michael August, Rene Delosh, Julie Laudeman, Chad Ogle, Russell Reinhart, Michael Selby, Thomas Silvers, Joel Morris, Beverly A. Teicher. Screening of pediatric and adult sarcoma cell lines reveals novel patterns of sensitivity toward approved oncology drugs and investigational agents. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5590. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5590
Salaries and Cardiographers
Authors: D. C. Deuchar
Journal: BMJ (1966)

by abnormal red cell haemolysis by hydro- gen peroxide, deficiency of vitamin E is, in our experience, almost invariable in the mal- absorption syndrome, and common after surgery for peptic ulcer.Of 80 patients with a Polya gastrectomy, 57 had evidence of vitamin-E deficiency, and the proportion of abnormal findings was the same whether the patients attended hospital because of complications of the operation or were attending a routine follow-up clinic.Abnormal results were significantly more common when the operation had been performed more than 10 years previously, but results were neverthe- less abnormal in about half the patients within 10 years of operation.A group of patients with various other gastric operations within the previous 10 years showed a simi- lar incidence of abnormal findings.In a small number of patients studied in greater detail, gross creatinuria was reduced after administration of vitamin E.We feel these studies suggest that defici- ency of vitamin E may be not uncommon, although its importance in human nutrition still remains to be established.-Weare, etc.,
CHARACTERIZATION OF A HUMAN ACUTE PHASE PROTEIN FOUND IN ASSOCIATION WITH RUBELLA VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Roger Cappel, Ann Schluederberg, Robert H. Gifford, Dorothy M. Horstmann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

A precipitating antigen, rho, was first detected in the blood of persons with rubella and in rubella virus-infected cell culture fluids (1). Partially purified antigens from both sources were examined and shown to have similar properties, although antigen from serum sedimented more heterogeneously, with estimated coefficients from 15 to 21 S, while that from culture fluids sedimented in the 11-14 S region. In each case, antigen was located in the beta-1 zone after electrophoresis in agarose, and at a density of 1.305 g/ml after centrifugation in CsCl. Stability characteristics were typical of protein antigens. Immunofluorescent microscopy revealed that rubella virus induced the appearance of rho antigen scattered throughout the cytoplasm of infected cells. When cells containing antigen were exposed for 24 h to 5 microg/ml actinomycin D rho was no longer detectable, indicating the probable cellular origin of the antigen. Also, titers in medium of infected cultures showed a reduction after actinomycin treatment, but levels of the virus-specified antigen, iota, were relatively unaffected. Rho appears to be a protein common to man and many animals. In vitro, it was induced by rubella virus and by adenovirus. In vivo, rho titers were shown to be elevated after rubella virus infection and, to a lesser extent, after infection with certain other viruses. High titers were also demonstrated in women late in pregnancy and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. In man and the chimpanzee, the appearance and decline of rho in the blood after rubella virus infection were temporally similar to the patterns of CRP, although rho seemed to be a more sensitive indicator of infection. The data presented indicate that rho is a newly recognized acute phase protein inducible by certain virus infections and by other unidentified stimuli present prominently in pregnancy and rheumatoid arthritis.
40 years of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: A. van Belkum, H. Verbrugh
Journal: BMJ (2001)

S taphylococcus aureus is well adapted to the human body, capable of spreading from person to person, hiding in intracellular compartments,1 and, most importantly, inducing various forms of human disease. During infection the bacterial cells produce a large variety of virulence factors, among which, for instance, are molecules that subtly interfere with the chemotaxis of neutrophils to the site of infection.2 Adding to the complexity of the infectious process is the fact that the host also responds in a variety of ways immunologically, sometimes producing a certain degree of resistance to infection.3 S aureus has remained among the top three clinically important pathogens over the past few decades, and a particular worry has been the rise of methicillin resistant strains.

The clinical need for an effective vaccine against S aureus is clear, but since infections caused by S aureus are complex and as yet largely undefined (from the perspective of both the pathogen and the host) strategies for developing vaccines are scarce. 4 5 …
Autoimmune Disease and Collagen Dermal Implants
Authors: Robert Ira Lewy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 March 1994Autoimmune Disease and Collagen Dermal ImplantsRobert Ira Lewy, MDRobert Ira Lewy, MDBaylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX 77054Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-6-199403150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The articles by Cukier and colleagues [1] and Bridges and colleagues [2] and the superb editorial by Hochberg [3] raise two further questions: Can an adequate control group for such toxicity and environmental studies possibly exist, and have we completely defined the proposed toxic syndrome yet? If the definition is too narrow, so will be the control group chosen. According to our preliminary data on 177 consecutive women with breast implants (silicone, “saline,” or polyurethane, and those with or without collagen and silicone injections), controlling for these factors would make the comparison group too small for the ...References1. Cukier J, Beauchamp RA, Spindler JS, Spindler S, Lorenzo C, Trentham DE. Association between bovine collagen dermal implants and a dermatomyositis or polymyositis-like syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:920-8. Google Scholar2. Bridges AJ, Conley C, Wang G, Burns DE, Vasey FB, et al. A clinical and immunologic evaluation of women with silicone breast implants and symptoms of rheumatic disease. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:929-36. Google Scholar3. Hochberg MC. Cosmetic surgical procedures and connective tissue disease: the cleopatra syndrome revisited. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:981-2. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baylor College of Medicine; Houston, TX 77054 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTemporary FillersLaboratory Studies in Breast Implant Patients: ANA Positivity, Gammaglobulin Levels, and Other Autoantibodies 15 March 1994Volume 120, Issue 6Page: 524-526KeywordsChemotherapyCollagen diseasesCollagen vascular diseasesEpidemiologyFatigueHealth statisticsMemoryToxicityToxinsVascular diseases ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Identification of a functional receptor for granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on platelets.
Authors: K Shimoda, S Okamura, N Harada, S Kondo, T Okamura, Y Niho
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Since granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is thought to be a granulocyte lineage-specific cytokine, G-CSF receptors on blood cells other than those of granulocyte or monocyte lineage have not been well investigated. We now report that G-CSF receptors are present on platelets. The expression of G-CSF receptors on platelets was demonstrated by flow cytometry and radioreceptor assay. The mean number of G-CSF-binding sites per cell was 41 and the binding affinity was high (Kd 300 pM), similar to the affinity observed on granulocytes. Cross-linking assay revealed that G-CSF receptors were present on a single subunit protein of approximately 150 kD on the platelets. To clarify whether or not G-CSF might produce some direct functional influence on platelet response, the effects on platelet aggregation were studied. Although G-CSF itself did not affect platelet aggregation in vitro, preincubation with G-CSF augmented a secondary aggregation of platelets induced by low concentrations of adenosine diphosphate (ADP). There was a dose-response relationship for this G-CSF activity at concentrations of up to 10 ng/ml. Furthermore, the augmented ADP-induced secondary aggregation of platelets on G-CSF receptors was completely abrogated in the presence of anti-G-CSF polyclonal antibodies. These results indicate that platelets possess functional G-CSF receptors.
Aspergillus galactomannan antigen assay in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid for diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis
Authors: Seong Yeon Park, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Heungsup Sung, Mi-Na Kim, Chang-Min Choi, Sang-Bum Hong, Yeon-Mok Oh, Tae Sun Shim, Younsuck Koh, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Sung-Han Kim
Journal: Journal of Infection (2010)
Alzheimer's Disease in the Community
Authors: Eric B. Larson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In 1907, when Alois Alzheimer published his original description of the disease now known as "Alzheimer's disease," he described a 51-year-old woman whose "entire behavior bore the stamp of utter perplexity."<sup>1</sup>The generalized dementia progressed for 4 1/2 years, and she was eventually bedridden and completely unable to care for herself. Pathological study demonstrated the characteristic senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The traditional distinction between early-onset and lateonset Alzheimer's disease can be traced, in my judgment, to the epidemiologic observation that Alzheimer's disease in persons younger than 60 years is rare whereas it is one the most common conditions seen in older patients.<sup>2</sup>Just how common is a matter of some contention, but the dramatic increase seen in individuals more than 80 years of age has been a consistent observation since the epidemiology of "clinically diagnosed" (ie, antemortem) Alzheimer's disease was first studied in England and Sweden in
IMPROVEMENT IN EJECTION FRACTION PREDICTS SURVIVAL FOLLOWING CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH BOTH LEFT BUNDLE AND NON-LEFT BUNDLE BRANCH BLOCK MORPHOLOGIES
Authors: Jack Rickard, Bruce Lindsay, Niraj Varma, Mina Chung, Greg Jackson, Bryan Baranowski, Wai Hong Tang, Bruce Wilkoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Medline and PubMed will be able to synthesise clinical data
Authors: S. Kotzin
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—In their editorial Smith and Chalmers call for a new and most welcome initiative that would provide access to a synthesis of valid, relevant clinical information.1 Those of us responsible for the original Medline database wish success to any endeavour that hopes to transform health care (and that might bring honour to the Queen). Your readers might be interested to learn about some recent improvements of …
Higher body mass index is associated with greater severity of alopecia in men with male-pattern androgenetic alopecia in Taiwan: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chao-Chun Yang, Fu-Nien Hsieh, Li-Yu Lin, Chao-Kai Hsu, Hamm-Ming Sheu, WenChieh Chen
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
De novo deletion 17p13.1 chronic lymphocytic leukemia shows significant clinical heterogeneity: the M. D. Anderson and Mayo Clinic experience
Authors: Constantine S. Tam, Tait D. Shanafelt, William G. Wierda, Lynne V. Abruzzo, Daniel L. Van Dyke, Susan O'Brien, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Susan A. Lerner, Alice Lynn, Neil E. Kay, Michael J. Keating
Journal: Blood (2009)
HBV subtype as significant marker in the clinical course of chronic HBV infection in Japan
Authors: Takahisa Sakai, Katsuya Shiraki, Hidekazu Inoue, Hiroshi Okano, Takenari Yamanaka, Masatoshi Deguchi, Shigeru Ohmori, Kazushi Sugimoto, Kazumoto Murata, Hiromichi Fujioka, Yukihiko Tameda, Takeshi Nakano
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Abusive Prescribing of Controlled Substances
Authors: Vinayak M Jha, Alan Blum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

To the Editor: In their Perspective article, Betses and Brennan (Sept. 12 issue)1 state that overdose of a controlled substance has become the second-leading cause of accidental death in the United States. They go on to discuss the ethical duty of pharmacists to combat this growing public health problem. To this end, they report on the effort undertaken by their employer, CVS Caremark, to curtail the inappropriate prescribing of narcotics. However, the senior vice president and chief medical officer of CVS Caremark neglect to mention that in April 2013, their company paid $11 million in fines to settle charges brought . . .
Renal response to atrial natriuretic peptide in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis
Authors: Francesco Salerno, Salvatore Badalamenti, Pierluigi Incerti, Loredana Capozza, Laura Mainardi
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

Sodium retention in liver cirrhosis is thought to be due to, among other things, lack of a natriuretic factor or failure to respond to one. α-Human-atrial natriuretic peptide is a peptide that accounts partly or entirely for the circulating natriuretic activity in man. In the present study, we have evaluated the effects of the bolus administration of synthetic α-human-atrial natriuretic peptide (1 μg per kg) to patients with liver cirrhosis and variable degrees of sodium retention, α-Human-atrial natriuretic peptide induced rapid and marked increases of diuresis and natriuresis in patients without sodium retention or with moderate retention. The results were comparable to those obtained in six healthy control subjects. Conversely, the diuretic and natriuretic effects of α-human-atrial natriuretic peptide were attenuated or completely blunted in patients with avid sodium retention. The two groups of patients differed not only in basal sodium excretion, but also in plasma renin activity and in plasma aldosterone levels, suggesting that the reduced responsiveness to atrial natriuretic peptide might be due to excessive antagonism by antinatriuretic factors. The direct relationship between baseline sodium excretion rate and that stimulated by human-atrial natriuretic peptide administration was consistent with this interpretation. In none of the subjects did plasma renin activity peptide and cortisol levels change after human-atrial natriuretic peptide, while plasma aldosterone slightly declined in cirrhotics. Blood pressure fell after the administration of the peptide, with the drop greater in cirrhotic than in normal subjects. These data show that the hormonal and the vascular effects of human-atrial natriuretic peptide are not blunted in cirrhotics. Since angiotensin II plays a central role in sustaining blood pressure in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis, the marked drop in blood pressure has been tentatively ascribed to the specific ability of atrial natriuretic peptide to antagonize angiotensin, but other mechanisms cannot be excluded. In conclusion, these data suggest that renal unrespon-siveness to atrial natriuretic peptide develops in patients with liver cirrhosis during the course of the disease and is strictly related to the severity of sodium retention.
Brief Communication: Glomerulonephritis in Patients with Hepatitis C Cirrhosis Undergoing Liver Transplantation
Authors: Brendan M. McGuire, Bruce A. Julian, J. Steve Bynon, William J. Cook, Steven J. King, John J. Curtis, Neil A. Accortt, Devin E. Eckhoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Background: Patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) frequently develop renal failure after liver transplantation. Objective: To describe renal histologic characteristics and concomitant clinical features in HCV-infected patients with end-stage cirrhosis. Design: Case series. Setting: Single-center liver transplant program in the United States. Patients: 30 patients who received liver transplants for HCV-induced cirrhosis. Intervention: Kidney biopsy during liver engraftment. Measurements: Clinical data and laboratory tests of renal function within 6 months before liver transplantation. Results: Twenty-five patients had immune-complex glomerulonephritis: membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis type 1 (n = 12), IgA nephropathy (n = 7), and mesangial glomerulonephritis (n = 6). Of these patients, 10 had normal serum creatinine levels, normal urinalysis results, and normal quantitative proteinuria. For 5 others, the only renal abnormality was an increased serum creatinine level. No patient had cryoglobulins in the blood or kidney. Limitations: This small observational study did not include patients with nonviral cirrhosis and did not document post-transplantation outcomes. Conclusions: Immune-complex glomerulonephritis was common in patients with end-stage HCV-induced cirrhosis and was often clinically silent. Its potential to cause renal failure after liver transplantation may be underappreciated.
Maternal height, shoe size, and outcome of labour in white primigravidas: a prospective anthropometric study.
Authors: T. A. Mahmood, D. M. Campbell, A. W. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A total of 563 white primigravid patients at Raigmore Hospital, Inverness, were recruited in a prospective study to examine the association between maternal height, shoe size, and the outcome of labour. There was a significantly increased caesarean section rate in women of short stature but no association between mode of delivery and shoe size. Babies born vaginally had heavier birth weights with increasing height and shoe size. Babies born by caesarean section were heavier than those born vaginally, but their birthweight showed no relation with either height or shoe size. Shoe size is not a useful clinical predictor for the probability of cephalopelvic disproportion, and, although maternal height is a better clinical guide to pelvic adequacy in labour, 80% of mothers less than 160 cm tall delivered vaginally. A well conducted trial of labour should be considered in all primigravid patients with cephalic presentation irrespective of maternal height or shoe size if no obstetric complication exists.