tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P226: Decreasing Cardiovascular Risk via Hypertriglyceridemia Treatment: The Impact of Medical Education on Physician Understanding of the Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids
Authors: Amy Larkin, George Boutsalis, Michael LaCouture
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Triglycerides, although lacking the strong atherogenic potential of LDL-C, are an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), as demonstrated by the correlation between hypertriglyceridemia and cardiovascular (CV) death, CV events, and myocardial infarction. The impact of continuing medical education (CME) on improving the knowledge and competence of cardiologists in treating hypertriglyceridemia with omega-3 fatty acids was measured. Methods: Cardiologists in the US who treat patients with hypertriglyceridemia participated in an online CME activity on the role of omega-3 fatty acids in treating hypertriglyceridemia and the differences between available formulations. The educational impact was assessed using linked pre- and post-assessment questions, and participants were classified into one of 3 learning categories: improved learners (incorrect pre, correct post), reinforced learners (correct pre and post), and unaffected learners (incorrect pre and post). The educational effect size was calculated using Cohen's d formula. Results: A total of 169 cardiologists participated in the CME activity, completed the pre- and post-assessment, and were included in the analysis. Comparison of pre- and post-assessment responses for each individual question demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in knowledge and competence among cardiologists ( P &lt;.05). After completion of the CME activity, correct responses on post-assessment questions increased between 25% to 158% across all questions compared to pre-assessment responses, with an overall large effect size of 1.065 (Small effect ,&lt;0.4; intermediate effect, 0.4-0.8; large effect, &gt;0.8). Between 17% and 51% of participants showed improvement in understanding individual learning concepts; these concepts were reinforced in 18% to 28% of participants. Improvement was demonstrated in understanding recent American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline recommendations on the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia. There was a need for further education in understanding the mechanism of action of omega-3 fatty acids, the differences between prescription and supplement forms of omega-3 fatty acids, and the pharmacodynamic differences between the different formulations of omega-3 fatty acids. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the success of a targeted educational intervention on improving the knowledge and competence of US cardiologists on the role of omega-3 fatty acids to treat hypertriglyceridemia and reduce CVD. However, the need for additional education was also demonstrated among cardiologists with regard to understanding the different omega-3 fatty acid formulations and their mechanisms of action in order to effectively use these agents.
Abstract 20130: Permanent Pacemaker Implantation Following Heart Surgery: In-Hospital and Postoperative Retrospective Multicentre Evaluation in 1,156 Implants
Authors: Roberto Lorusso, Fabio Barili, Antonio Miceli, Alessandro Parolari, Francesco Alamanni, Carlo De Vincentiis, Ezio Aimè, Francesco Nicolini, Tiziano Gherli, Andrea Colli, Michele De Bonis, Gabriele Paglino, Paolo Della Bella, Guglielmo Actis Dato, Riccardo Casabona, Sandro Sponga, Ugolino Livi, Giovanni Mariscalco, Cesare Beghi, Roberto Scrofani, Carlo Antona, Francesco P Tritto, Gino Gerosa, Luigi Piazza, Emanuel Villa, Gianni Troise, Filibertio Serraino, Attilio Renzulli, Francesco Rosato, Claudio Grossi, Domenico Paparella, Lillà Amorese, Enrico Vizzardi, Marco Solinas, Mattia Glauber
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation represents a potential event after cardiac surgery. However, comprehensive investigation of robust patient cohorts in this respect is unavailable. Hypothesis: A multicenter retrospective study was undertaken to assess in-hospital and long-term postoperative outcome of a large patient population undergoing PPM soon after cardiac surgery procedures. Methods: Among 94.693 patients submitted to cardiac surgery procedures in 16 centers from 2000 to 2013, there were 1.156 patients (1.2 %) with PPM implantation during hospitalization postoperatively. Preoperative, in-hospital, and follow-up data were collected with a common dataset and analyzed. Follow-up was performed by direct visit, and PPM dependency was assessed by electrocardiogram and pacemaker check during periodic examinations. The identification of potential predictors of PPM dependency at follow-up was evaluated with a multivariate logistic regression. Results: Patient mean age was 69 years (range 17-92 years) and 53.4% were male. Preoperative electrocardiogram showed first degree atrio/ventricular block in 11.0% of patients, left bundle branch block in 11.1%, right bundle branch block in 11.0%, and atrial fibrillation in 22.8%, respectively. Most of the patients had had isolated aortic valve replacement (25.8%). Pacemakers were implanted after a median of 11 days after surgery. At follow-up, 43.6% of the patients did not show a PPM dependency with restoration of sinus rhythm. The multivariate logistic regression demonstrated that only preoperative right bundle branch block (p-value 0.031) and mitral valve repair (p-value 0.032) were independent risk factor for PPM dependency at follow-up. Conclusions: More than 40% of patients with PPM implantation shortly after cardiac surgery show recovery of sinus rhythm at follow-up. Wide variability of strategies and PM implant timing are currently applied in routine practice. Refinement of current guidelines in this setting based also on predictors of permanent conduction defects postoperatively are warranted.
Consent to Treatment and the Mentally Incapacitated Adult
Authors: N J Turner, A R Brown, K F Baxter
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1999)

Doctors are sometimes faced with adult patients who lack the mental capacity to consent to treatment. In a questionnaire, 120 doctors in a district general hospital were asked what action they would take if such a patient had a clear need for elective treatment. Of the 89 who replied, 57 said they would seek consent from relatives or others; 11 of these, nevertheless, stated that treatment could proceed without such consent. These results, and inquiries about other options, pointed to widespread misunderstanding of the law. In English law, no one can give legally valid consent on behalf of another adult. When an individual is unable to give consent, common law allows a doctor to protect a patient's best interests by treating him or her in accordance with a responsible body of medical opinion.
The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore Opens During Ventricular Fibrillation in a Rat Model of Closed Chest Resuscitation
Authors: Iyad M. Ayoub
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Abstract #2364 Iyad M. Ayoub, Jeejabai Radhakrishnan, Madhav P. Upadhyaya, Raul J. Gazmuri, Rosalind Franklin Univ of Med and Science, North Chicago, IL Iyad M. Ayoub, 2009 Finalist and Presenting Author
Deferiprone Is Associated with Lower Serum Ferritin (SF) Relative to Liver Iron Concentration (LIC) Than Deferoxamine and Deferasirox- Implications for Clinical Practice
Authors: Ai Leen Ang, Farrukh T Shah, Bernard A Davis, Alison Thomas, Govin Murugachandran, Jeevan Kumuradevan, Maciej W Garbowksi, John B Porter
Journal: Blood (2010)
The oxygen uptake efficiency in patients with stable COPD
Authors: Changwei Wu, Jinming Liu, Wenlan Yang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective . To explore the characteristics of the oxygen uptake efficiency (OUE) in patients with COPD, and analyze the relationship of its severity with airway obstruction and exercise tolerance.  Methods .  Pulmonary Function Test (PFT) and Cardiopulmonary exercise testing(CPET )were tested in 59 patients with stable COPD patients and 29 healthy volunteers, collection and analysis of successive breathing respiratory exchange parameters.  Results. (1)Compared with the normal control group, the OUES and OUEP of the COPD patient group were significantly lower( P   P  =0.001). (2) GOLD stageI to IV patients’ OUES,OUEP,OUE@AT have a statistical difference with the normal control group’s( F =10.864,  P   F =6.658,  P   F =4.117,  P  =0.005). (3) The OUE of the GOLD stageIhas no significant difference with the normal control group( P   > 0.05); the OUES of the GOLD stageII∼IV was significantly lower compared with the normal control group;. The OUEP and OUE@AT of the GOLD stageII∼III was significantly lower compared with the normal control group; (4) The OUES of the COPD patient group has significant positive correlate with the FEV 1 %pred ( r  = 0.581,  P   1 %pred( P   > 0.05). (5) The the COPD patient group’s OUES,OUEP,OUE@AT is significantly positive correlate ( r =0.500,  P   r =0.516,  P   r =0.625,  P   Conclusions . The oxygen uptake efficiency of patients with COPD is significantly reduced compared with the normal, and has a significant positive correlate with the severity of the airway obstruction and the exercise tolerance.
Abstract 11928: Cardiospecific Overexpression of Carnosine Synthase Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Shahid Baba, Deqing zhang, David Hoetker, Yiru Guo, Aruni Bhatnagar
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Even though myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) remains the leading cause of death, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Increased formation of reactive carbonyl has been shown to be a common biochemical feature of I/R injury. These carbonyls are generated from the oxidation of proteins and membrane lipids. Reactive carbonyls such as methylglyoxal are generated from increased glycolytic activity during ischemia. Previous work in our lab has shown that the endogenous dipeptide carnosine (β-alanine-histidine) quenches both protein and lipid derived carbonyls. It can also buffer changes in intracellular pH and chelate metals that catalyze ROS production. In the heart, carnosine is synthesized by the ATP grasp enzyme (ATPGD1). Hence, we examined whether overexpression of ATPGD1 could increase carnosine synthesis in the heart and attenuate I/R injury. To overexpress ATPGD1, we generated mice in which the expression of the transgene was driven by cardiospecific α-MHC promoter. Two different ATPGD1Tg mouse lines were generated, which showed 10-15 fold higher abundance of ATPGD1 protein in the heart compared with their wild-type (WT) littermates. Cardiac levels of the histidyl dipeptides anserine and carnosine were approximately 100 fold higher in the ATPGD1Tg than WT mice hearts (WT: anserine 1.8±0.3 pmoles/mg protein, carnosine 6±1 pmoles/mg protein; ATPGD1-Tg: anserine 114±15 pmoles/mg protein, carnosine 615±44 pmoles/mg protein). No changes in the levels of these dipeptides were observed in other tissues of the ATPGD1Tg mice. Echocardiographic analysis showed that ATPGD1 overexpression did not affect cardiac function. When subjected to 30 min of coronary occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion, the infarct size was significantly lower in ATPGD1Tg than WT mice. Infarct size as the area of risk of left ventricle was 59±3.02% in WT mice and 38±2.73% in the ATPGD1-Tg mice (p&lt;0.05 vs WT; n=7-8), indicating that increasing carnosine levels attenuates myocardial I/R injury. These findings reveal a novel cardioprotective role of endogenous histidyl dipeptides in decreasing I/R injury and suggest that treatment with such peptides may be a potential therapy for decreasing myocardial I/R injury and its progression of heart failure.
A Fragile Commodity
Authors: J Stein
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coronary arterial spasm in acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M E Bertrand, M F Rousseau
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To the Editor:We have read with the greatest interest the paper entitled "Ar- teriographic evidence of coronary arterial spasm in acute myocar- dial infarction" by Oliva and Breckinridge (Circulation 56: 366, 1977).This paper clearly demonstrated that, in the first 12 hours of acute myocardial infarction, coronary arterial spasm was super- imposed on a high grade atherosclerotic obstruction in 40% of the cases presented.We have recently performed coronary arteriography on 105 patients 16 days on average after the onset of acute transmural myocardial infarction.1 Our study shows an incidence of 53% of complete occlusion and 47% of stenosis of more than 50%.Our observation of a high number of stenoses in acute transmural myo- cardial infarction supports the hypothesis expressed by Oliva and Breckinridge that the spasm, superimposed on subtotal athero- sclerotic occlusion, can be the initiating factor in the process of acute myocardial infarction.
240 human tumor cell line profiling to evaluate relationships between tumor genotypes and cancer cell sensitivity
Authors: Christine O'Day, Yulia Ovechkina, Karen Marcoe, Robert Keyser, Karen Yoshino, Phuong Nguyen, Karen Bernards, Jessica Chesnut-Speelman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Multiple targeted therapies have been shown to be effective for treating cancer such as imatinib for treating chronic myelogenous leukemia, erlotinib for non-small-cell lung cancers and trastuzumab for HER2 positive breast cancer. The sporadic sensitivity to these reagents has precipitated many inquiries into the relationship between phenotype and genotype. We have developed an in vitro cellular system to evaluate the relationship between tumor genotypes and cancer cell sensitivity over 240 human tumor cell lines. We used a panel of targeted therapeutics (such as erlotinib, CL-1040, and dasatinib) to demonstrate the prognostic value of this in vitro approach for developing anticancer drugs. This is a novel approach for a drug testing strategy for targeted anticancer therapeutics of interest to those in personalized medicine. This approach would help to match the drugs to a more efficacious patient population.
School-Based Interventions for Children Exposed to Violence—Reply
Authors: Heather T. Keenan, Desmond K. Runyan
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EORTC Nomograms and Risk Groups for Predicting Recurrence, Progression, and Disease-specific and Overall Survival in Non–Muscle-invasive Stage Ta–T1 Urothelial Bladder Cancer Patients Treated with 1–3 Years of Maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guérin
Authors: Samantha Cambier, Richard J. Sylvester, Laurence Collette, Paolo Gontero, Maurizio A. Brausi, George van Andel, Wim J. Kirkels, Fernando Calais Da Silva, Willem Oosterlinck, Stephen Prescott, Ziya Kirkali, Philip H. Powell, Theo M. de Reijke, Levent Turkeri, Sandra Collette, Jorg Oddens
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Does breastfeeding protect against the development of eczema?
Authors: S.M. Langan, M. Fewtrell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Does breastfeeding protect against the development of eczema? Get access S.M. Langan, S.M. Langan Department of Non‐Communicable Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London and St John’s Institute of Dermatology, Guy’s and St Thomas’ Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Fewtrell M. Fewtrell Childhood Nutrition Research Centre, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, U.K. E‐mail: sinead.langan@lshtm.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 165, Issue 6, 1 December 2011, Pages 1157–1158, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10589.x Published: 01 December 2011
25. Molecular Imaging-Guided Gene Therapy of Experimental Gliomas
Authors: Maria A. Rueger, Alexandra Winkeler, Lisa Li, Benedikt Rueckriem, Stefan Vollmar, Wolf D. Heiss, Andreas H. Jacobs
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Background: The combination of transgenes encoding prodrug-activating enzymes serves synergistic anti-tumor activity (e.g. E. coli cytosine deaminase (cd) and HSV-1 thymidine kinase (tk); Aghi et al. J Nat Cancer Inst 1998). We used positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for imaging-guided targeted application of universal HSV-1 amplicon vectors (Jacobs et al. Human Gene Therapy 2003) and assessment of therapeutic efficiency.
Abstract 12177: Inhaled Nitric Oxide During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Improves Functional Outcome and Increases 7-Day-Survival After Prolonged Cardiac Arrest in Rats
Authors: Anne Brücken, Christian Bleilevens, Matthias Derwall, Michael Fries
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Precordial compressions during cardiac arrest (CA) increase pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), potentially impeding survival by limiting left ventricular preload. Although used as selective pulmonary vasodilator there is accumulating evidence that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) also attenuates I/R injury. Hypothesis: Applying iNO during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) increases resuscitation rates and improves functional outcome after cardiac arrest in rats. Methods: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 10 mins of CA and 3 mins of CPR. Animals were randomized to receive either 20 ppm or 40 ppm iNO during CPR until 30 mins after ROSC (return of spontaneous circulation) or no iNO treatment. For all animals a neurological deficit score (NDS) was calculated daily for seven days following the experiment. Results: Inhalation of 20 ppm iNO increased ROSC rates in comparison to animals treated with 40 ppm or without iNO treatment, however this failed to reach statistical significance (control: 7/10; 20ppm iNO: 10/10; 40ppm iNO 6/10). 20 ppm iNO significantly decreased time to ROSC, resulting in a significant reduction of post-arrest lactate levels. Also, significantly higher mean arterial pressures in comparison to control animals were observed. Furthermore, 20 ppm iNO resulted in a significantly higher seven-day-survival in comparison to controls (control: 4/10; 20 ppm iNO: 10/10). All iNO treated animals showed better neurological outcomes, being significant in animals treated with 20 ppm iNO on postoperative day 2- 7. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that 20 ppm but not 40 ppm iNO during CPR significantly decreases time to ROSC. Furthermore, significantly better seven-day-survival and neurological outcome was noted for 20 ppm iNO in comparison to controls.
Abstract 14653: A Simple Diagnostic and Therapeutic Algorithm For Anemia in End Stage Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Elisavet Kaldara, John Terrovitis, Argyrios Ntalianis, Christos Kapelios, Styliani Vakrou, Stefania Sventzouri, Zafeiria Margari, Despina Barbaroussi, Savvas Tounanidis, Charis Matsouka, John Nanas
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Anemia is a common co-morbidity in Heart Failure (HF) with multifactorial etiology. Indications about optimal treatment regimen (ESA, iron or both) currently do not exist. Purpose: To find a practi...
Surgical interventions for vitiligo: an evidence-based review
Authors: S.V. Mulekar, P. Isedeh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Background Vitiligo is a disfiguring disease, characterized frequently by the presence of de-pigmented macules and/or patches. Traditional therapies are essentially medical and are most preferred by dermatologists. Surgical therapies, however, are amongst the most effective interventions for vitiligo but are limited by their invasive nature, as well as the training and expertise needed to perform specific procedures. Objectives To assess the evidence for the effectiveness, safety and applicability of the various surgical methods in the treatment of vitiligo. Methods For this systematic review of vitiligo surgical therapies, our searches included: PubMed, MEDLINE and Cochrane databases. Results We reviewed research studies reporting on split thickness skin grafts (STSG), punch/mini-graft, blister roof grafting, cultured and non-cultured cellular transplantation (MKTP). While all methods vary in their repigmentation outcomes, STSG is found to have the highest repigmentation success rate. Overall, post-operative complications included milia, scarring, cobblestone appearance or hyperpigmentation of treated areas. Conclusion This review highlights the need for more randomized controlled trials in this field, underpinned by a more standardized objective approach to the assessment of repigmentation following surgical interventions.