tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Business of Baby Pictures
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Poster/database presentation. 5 Use of an electronic cancer registry in a district general hospital
Authors: T.A. Frost, A. Warin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Background Skin cancers from a large proportion of UK Dermatologists' work are inaccurately recorded. Increasingly we are expected to audit our work for quality and timeliness of diagnosis and treatment. Methods Since the beginning of 2000 we have incorporated the use of a database in our day-to-day work to record clinical and management details of all nonmelanoma skin cancers treated in the Dermatology outpatients clinic. Malignant melanoma detected in our Health Authority area have been recorded since 1987. The same database system can be used as an epidemiological tool or to follow the progress of individual patients through follow-up data. Whenever a person is alive as defined through a confirmed R D & E contact this fact is automatically entered onto the database, allowing our mortality tables to be reasonably accurate. We are in control of the data entry and are able to check for accuracy against histological records on a regular quarterly basis, demonstrating unequivocally how inaccurate are Regional Cancer Registries. We monitor waiting times of patients, numbers and types of procedures and activity of different doctors. Results Since 1987 malignant melanoma has increased from 20 per 100 000–30 per 100 000 with a marked change in gender incidence. The major increase has been in early and in situ melanoma, except in men where we show a disturbing increase in invasive lesions. In Exeter half the nonmelanoma skin cancers come to us with the site and age range as expected. As time goes on we should get a good idea of our recurrence rate. Thus far, this is not a large proportion of our work, but we have no idea how much goes to the plastic surgeons. In addition, there are fairly small numbers needing flaps, grafts, second procedures or referral on to surgeons. Results The case for increased resourcing can be easily supported by reports generated in a timely manner by such a system.
Absence of<i>N</i>-Methyl-<sub><scp>D</scp></sub>-Aspartate Receptor IgG Autoantibodies in Schizophrenia
Authors: Lot D. de Witte, Carolin Hoffmann, Hans C. van Mierlo, Maarten J. Titulaer, René S. Kahn, Pilar Martinez-Martinez
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

large number of acutely ill patients with first-episode psycho-
A memorable patient: No other medicine but only hope
Authors: S. Stephenson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

On a busy surgical receiving day my last patient is an elderly gentleman. As I approach, I see he is reading the Bible, and my heart sinks somewhat. Already that day I have listened, unprovoked, to a rude limerick, an election manifesto, and a rendition of Yesterday . I have no wish to add a sermon to this list. I introduce myself and apologise he has been kept waiting.

He smiles, “Kept myself occupied,” and motions to the book.

“The good book,” I mumble.

“Several good books,” He corrects me. “The complete works.” He shows me the spine of his black leather book. The word Shakespeare is embossed in gold leaf.

“Which one are you reading? My favourite is…”

Before I can finish, he replies, “ Measure for Measure ,” and, of the entire canon, names the obscure play I was about …
Statistics Notes: Interaction revisited: the difference between two estimates
Authors: D. G Altman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Spontaneous basal rectal activity, recorded after resection of the sigmoid colon for diverticular disease, was more than twice the normal. The rectum of post-resection cases yielded a markedly exaggerated overall response to prostigmine, in addition to producing abundant fast wave patterns. The response to stretch of the apparently normal colonic muscle remaining after resection of the sigmoid for diverticular disease resembled unresected diverticular segments, though less in degree, suggesting that a fundamental disorder of colonic muscle may be involved in the aetiology of colonic diverticula.
Abstract 4423: Somatic mutations in the insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin receptors found in cancer genomes result in constitutive activation of the receptor kinases
Authors: Ann Greer, Stephen Hillerman, Han Chang, Tai Wai Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Somatic mutations in receptor tyrosine kinases have been shown to be a mechanism by which tumor cells subvert signaling pathways to drive deregulated cell proliferation. The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and the related insulin receptor (InsR) regulate cell metabolism and cell proliferation by phosphorylating two related adapter proteins called insulin receptor substrates (IRS1/2). The IRS proteins are unique to the IGF-1R/InsR signaling pathway, and are recruited to the receptors by virtue of the interaction between the SH2 sequences of IRS1/2 and tyrosine auto-phosphorylation sites on the receptors. The complete sequence determination of cancer genomes has now made it possible to assess the extent of mutation in components of the IGF-1R/InsR signaling pathway. Analyses of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data from colorectal cancer patients revealed that &amp;gt;25% of the tumor type have copy number gain in the genes encoding IRS2 or the ligand IGF2. These observations suggest a role for the IGF-1R/InsR signaling pathway in the pathobiology of colorectal cancer. To better understand the extent to which the IGF-1 and insulin receptors may be oncogenic drivers, we surveyed the TCGA data sets for somatic mutations in IGF-1R and InsR. To date, over 50 non-synonymous missense mutations in each of the two receptors have been identified across multiple tumor types. Mutations occur in both the extracellular and intracellular sequences, and few mutations are recurrent. cDNA containing IGF-1R and InsR mutations were analyzed for their intrinsic kinase activities. A number of mutations in the kinase domains resulted in constitutive activation of the receptor kinases, in a similar manner to what has been observed with other receptor tyrosine kinases. Effects of these mutations on the ability of the receptors to drive signal transduction and cell proliferation have been analyzed and will be reported. Results of these studies have further validated a role for the IGF-1R and InsR signaling pathway in cancer. Citation Format: Ann Greer, Stephen Hillerman, Han Chang, Tai Wai Wong. Somatic mutations in the insulin-like growth factor-1 and insulin receptors found in cancer genomes result in constitutive activation of the receptor kinases. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4423. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4423
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and the Cholinergic Hypothesis
Authors: Peter V Madill
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3821: A prognostic model of head and neck cancer ties TP53 mutation to 3p loss
Authors: Andrew M. Gross, Ryan K. Orosco, John P. Shen, Ann Marie Egloff, Hannah Carter, Matan Hoffree, Michel Choueiri, Charles S. Coffey, Scott M. Lippman, David Neil Hayes, Ezra E. Cohen, Jennifer R. Grandis, Quyen T. Nguyen, Trey Ideker
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is frequently characterized by aggressive clinical behavior with a propensity for metastasis and recurrence. Current understanding of HNSCC pathogenesis remains limited, and there are few biomarkers that reliably predict patient outcomes such as survival or response to therapy. Here we report a comprehensive analysis of the molecular and clinical features of HNSCC that define patient survival. Building on data and infrastructure established by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we develop an approach that integrates molecular events across multiple tiers of ‘omics data to progressively factor patients into subgroups with the greatest survival differences. We show that in HPV negative patients, the detrimental impact of TP53 mutation occurs only in combination with loss of chromosome 3p, leading to a marked decrease in median survival from &amp;gt;5 years for TP53 mutation only to 1.7 years for both events. Conditioned on TP53/3p, patients are stratified by a hierarchy of events incorporating MUC5B mutation, mir-548k expression, and mutation and expression of Abnormal Spindle Protein (ASPM), while in the absence of the TP53/3p event RAS signaling is an important driver. We also show in HPV positive patients that HPV-mediated inactivation of TP53 acts in synergy with 3p deletion. The major findings are replicated in an independent HNSCC cohort as well as a pan-cancer TCGA cohort of over 3000 patients. Together, the identified markers enable a new multi-tiered molecular classification of HNSCC. Citation Format: Andrew M. Gross, Ryan K. Orosco, John P. Shen, Ann Marie Egloff, Hannah Carter, Matan Hoffree, Michel Choueiri, Charles S. Coffey, Scott M. Lippman, David Neil Hayes, Ezra E. Cohen, Jennifer R. Grandis, Quyen T. Nguyen, Trey Ideker. A prognostic model of head and neck cancer ties TP53 mutation to 3p loss. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3821. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3821
Patient versus clinician symptom reporting using the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events
Authors: E. M. Basch, T. McDonough, A. Iasonos, E. Siegel, A. Culkin, M. Kris, H. I. Scher, D. Schrag
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8515 Background: During NCI-sponsored clinical trials, clinicians elicit and report patient toxicity symptoms using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Alternatively, patients may be able to report this information directly, but it remains unclear how these patient reported outcomes (PROs) compare to clinician reports. Methods: Language from the CTCAE version 3 was adapted for patient self-reporting and pilot tested to assure comprehension. Then, a paper questionnaire containing 12 common CTCAE symptoms was administered to consecutive outpatients and their clinicians (physicians and nurses) in clinics specializing in lung or genitourinary malignancies at a specialty cancer center. Results: Between March and May 2005, 435 patients and their clinicians were approached in order to obtain 400 completed paired surveys. For most symptoms agreement was high and this was especially true for more observable symptoms (vomiting, diarrhea) compared to more subjective areas (fatigue, dyspnea) (Table). Most discrepancies were within one point. Only rarely would differences have altered treatment decisions (grade &lt;2 vs. ≥3). Patients more commonly assigned greater severity than clinicians. There was no significant difference when patients reported before versus after caregivers. Kappa values did not accurately measure agreement due to asymmetry in the marginal distribution of scores. Conclusion: Patients and clinicians generally agree on CTCAE symptom severity. Future research should examine the impact of symptom PROs on clinical outcomes and the use of real-time reporting for early detection of SAEs. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Proteasome Inhibitor, an Antioxidant, or a Salicylate, but not a Glucocorticoid, Blocks Constitutive and Cytokine-Inducible Expression of P-Selectin in Human Endothelial Cells
Authors: Lijun Xia, Junliang Pan, Longbiao Yao, Rodger P. McEver
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 20120: Protease-activated Receptor 4 Deficiency Reduces Atherosclerosis
Authors: A. Phillip Owens, Deborah A Howatt, Alan Daugherty, Nigel Mackman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: Platelet activation is emerging as a critical process in both the formation and propagation of atherosclerosis. The coagulation protease thrombin activates platelets by cleavage of protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4) in mice. Recent studies have demonstrated direct thrombin inhibitors reduce atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic mice. However, PAR4 deficiency had no effect on atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E (Apoe-/-) mouse model. The objective of this study was to re-examine the role of PAR4 deficiency in atherosclerosis using the alternative low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient mouse model. Methods and Results: To examine the effects of PAR4 deficiency on early atherosclerotic formation, low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice that were either PAR4+/+ (n = 11) or PAR4-/- (n = 12) were fed a fat-enriched diet (21% milk fat) and infused with angiotensin II (AngII; 1,000 ng/kg/min) for 28 days. PAR4 deficiency reduced AngII-induced aortic root atherosclerosis (+/+: 107 ± 22.1; -/-: 28.3 ± 7.50 μm2; P = 0.007). Bone marrow transplantation experiments were performed to determine the cellular source of PAR4 in atherosclerosis. Preliminary results demonstrate this reduction is dependent upon hematopoietic-derived PAR4 (+/+ into +/+: 230 ± 41; +/+ into -/-: 194 ± 23; -/- into +/+: 78 ± 18; and -/- into -/-: 68 ± 13 μm2; n = 4 each group; P &lt; 0.02 +/+ hematopoietic versus -/- hematopoietic). PAR4 deficiency had no effects on total plasma cholesterol concentrations, lipoprotein-cholesterol distributions, or AngII increased systolic blood pressure. To determine the effects of a longer interval of diet-induced atherosclerosis, Ldlr-/-/PAR4+/+ (n = 12) or Ldlr-/-/PAR4-/- (n = 12) were fed a fat-enriched diet for 12 weeks. PAR4 deficiency attenuated aortic root atherosclerosis (+/+: 299 ± 15; -/-: 188 ± 18 μm2; P = 0.001) with no effects on total plasma cholesterol concentrations or lipoprotein distributions. Conclusion: We demonstrated that PAR4 deficiency resulted in an early (AngII: 74%) and late (Diet-induced: 37%) reduction in aortic root atherosclerosis. These results suggest that thrombin activation of PAR4 on platelets contributes to atherosclerosis in the Ldlr-/- model, but not the Apoe-/- model.
Taking precautions with ACE inhibitors
Authors: A Kumar, M Asim, A M Davison
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors have revolutionised the treatment of congestive heart failure,1 hypertension,2 and diabetic nephropathy.3 After myocardial infarction, treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors decreases the incidence of life threatening left ventricular failure and improves survival.4 Yet, despite appearing to be a panacea for vascular diseases, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors may present a hazard for patients with unsuspected atherosclerotic renovascular disease,5 and the size of that risk may be growing.

Convention dictates that if the serum creatinine concentration is unchanged several days after starting an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor there is no haemodynamically important renal artery stenosis. But this scenario applies only in bilateral renovascular disease: in unilateral disease these drugs may cause ischaemic damage and loss of function …
On Deployment and Military Suicide Risk
Authors: Craig J. Bryan
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Expanding Care Information
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tissue Guanosine-3′,5′-Cyclic Monophosphate Levels and Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Activity
Authors: W. Austin Spruill, Alton L. Steiner, H. Shelton Earp
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The relationship between the subcellular distribution of guanylate cyclase and tissue guanosine-3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) levels was investigated in rat testes after surgically induced unilateral cryptorchidism. Placement of one of a testis pair in the abdominal cavity results in loss of testicular weight and function in the abdominal testis whereas the remaining scrotal testis appears to be functionally normal. Within 5 days after surgery, tissue cGMP levels were increased by twofold in the abdominal testis. A fourfold elevation was noted from 10 to 30 days after surgery. Whereas the homogenate guanylate cyclase activity was only slightly elevated 10 and 20 days postoperatively, a 200% increase in the soluble guanylate cyclase activity was seen at 5 days. Between 10 and 30 days, the rise in activity was >250% (P < 0.01). An increase in soluble guanylate cyclase activity was noted when the data were expressed as per milligram protein, per milligram DNA or per whole testis. Conversely, particulate guanylate cyclase activity was reduced by 40% in the cryptorchid testis. Kinetic analysis of the soluble enzyme prepared from abdominal and scrotal testes yielded linear Line-weaver-Burke plots for both enzyme preparations with an identical Km for guanosine triphosphate, but a three-fold higher maximal velocity for the abdominal enzyme. When the soluble guanylate cyclases from both testes were mixed and assayed together, the activities were additive rather than exhibiting synergism or inhibition. These experiments indicate that the altered Vmax is not due to a transferable activator or inhibitor.
ACC/AHA clinical competence statement on electrocardiography and ambulatory electrocardiography41This document was approved by the American College of Cardiology Board of Trustees in November 2001 and the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee in August 2001.42When citing this document, the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association would appreciate the following citation format: Kadish AH, Buxton AE, Kennedy HL, Knight BP, Mason JW, …
Authors: Alan H. Kadish, Alfred E. Buxton, Harold L. Kennedy, Bradley P. Knight, Jay W. Mason, Claudio D. Schuger, Cynthia M. Tracy, William L. Winters, Alan W. Boone, Michael Elnicki, John W. Hirshfeld, Beverly H. Lorell, George P. Rodgers, Cynthia M. Tracy, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Alcohol and cancer
Authors: S. Sabroe
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers p 844 

Throughout the world the connection between alcohol and mortality—in particular deaths from coronary diseases—is described as a U shaped curve, with the highest mortalities among non-drinkers and heavy drinkers and the lowest among moderate drinkers. Recently the discussion has been extended to consider whether there might be a difference in mortality from coronary disease depending on the type of alcohol consumed. Some have suggested that wine in moderate quantities reduces mortality, but in 1997 White concluded, “No real evidence exists that wine is better than beer and spirits.”1 Similar questions have also been raised about the possible carcinogenic effects of alcohol—and whether these too are related to different types of alcohol.

The most well researched associations between alcohol and cancer are …