tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Cathepsin D Metabolism in Rabbit Heart
Authors: Allen M. Samarel, Edward A. Ogunro, Alan G. Ferguson, Patricia Allenby, Michael Lesch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Production of active lysosomal enzymes may involve limited proteolysis of inactive high molecular weight precursors. Precursor processing potentially regulates lysosomal enzyme activity. To test whether rabbit cardiac cathepsin D is first synthesized as a precursor and whether prolonged fasting (a condition affecting both cathepsin D and total cardiac protein turnover) influences precursor processing, rates of cathepsin D synthesis and processing were compared in left ventricular slices of control and 3-d-fasted rabbits incubated in vitro with [(35)S]methionine. (35)S-labeled cathepsin D was isolated by butanol-Triton X-100 extraction, immunoprecipitation, and dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Total cardiac protein synthesis was measured by tracer incorporation and normalized for differences in precursor pool size by direct measurement of [(35)S]aminoacyl-tRNA-specific radioactivity. Relative cathepsin D synthetic rates were obtained by comparing (35)S incorporation into cathepsin D with (35)S incorporation into all cardiac proteins. Enzyme processing was assessed in pulse-chase experiments and assayed by autoradiography. The results indicate that (a) rabbit cardiac cathepsin D is synthesized as a precursor (53,000 mol wt) that is processed to a 48,000-mol wt form, (b) rates of both cathepsin D and total cardiac protein synthesis are similar in control and fasted rabbits, suggesting that decreased enzyme degradation rather than increased synthesis is responsible for the elevated levels of cardiac cathepsin D in starvation, and (c) cathepsin D processing in hearts of fasted animals is incomplete, with accumulation of the precursor during pulse-chase experiments of 6 h duration. Based upon these results, a three-stage model for the regulation of cathepsin D activity in rabbit heart is proposed.
Medical council fails to act over breaches of confidentiality
Authors: Pat Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2001)

South Africa's medical registration body, the Health Professions Council, faces court proceedings to force it to explain its inaction over complaints about doctors testing patients for HIV and disclosing the results to employers.

The AIDS Law Project of Witwatersrand University, which is acting for the patients, has laid a charge with the public protector, whose constitutional duty it is in South Africa to deal with accusations of maladministration of any government or government related body. The Health Professions Council also faces High Court action to force it to give …
Daily activity habits, energy conservation methods and activity training for patients with COPD. A qualitative study
Authors: Ingrid Elise Sundfør, Kristin Heggdal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  COPD patients commonly have symptoms like dyspnea and fatigue that affect their occupational performance and activities of daily living (ADL), but there are few studies on how their activity performance can be supported in Pulmonary Rehabilitation.   Aim:  The purpose of this study was to explore COPD patients9 experience of habits when performing activities of daily life, and how training on daily life activities (ADL training/activity training) during pulmonary rehabilitation had been useful for energy conservation and coping.   Method:  A qualitative research design was chosen. Four women and two men (age 55 to 75) were interviewed 4 to 6 months after a 4 weeks inpatient pulmonary rehabilitation program. The interviews were analyzed by means of phenomenological method and Systematic Text Condensation (STC) as described by Malterud (2003).   Result:  Findings are summarized in four categories. 1) How the participants experience the managing of their daily life activities. 2) Changing of habits when performing activities. 3) The experience with ADL-training carried out under guidance of an occupational therapist. 4) Contextual factors that influenced the participant9s ability to cope.   Conclusion:  People with COPD experience the change of habits, in performing daily life activities, as a process. ADL-training, in which the body is used as the primary source of knowledge, can be useful if the patient is in a stage of his/her health promoting process where he or she is motivated for changing and learning new habits in daily life.
TCR Gene Editing Achieved In a Single Round Of T Cell Activation Is Sufficient To Redirect T Cell Specificity and Prevent GvHD
Authors: Sara Mastaglio, Pietro Genovese, Zulma Magnani, Elena Provasi, Angelo Lombardo, Andreas Reik, Nicoletta Cieri, Fabio Ciceri, Claudio Bordignon, Michael C. Holmes, Philip D Gregory, Luigi Naldini, Chiara Bonini
Journal: Blood (2013)
Risk factors for systemic emboli in infective endocarditis
Authors: C. Deprèle, Ph. Berthelot, F. Lemetayer, C. Comtet, A. Fresard, C. Cazorla, P. Fascia, P. Cathébras, G. Chaumentin, G. Convert, K. Isaaz, X. Barrai, F. Lucht
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2004)
Response to salvage therapy and survival after relapse in acute myelogenous leukemia.
Authors: M J Keating, H Kantarjian, T L Smith, E Estey, R Walters, B Andersson, M Beran, K B McCredie, E J Freireich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

The response to and survival following first salvage therapy regimens for 243 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) treated between 1974 and 1985 were evaluated. Eighty (33%) patients obtained a complete remission (CR), 24% died prior to achieving a response, and 43% were resistant on their first salvage regimen. The median survival was 18 weeks. Five percent overall and 16% of the CR patients are predicted to survive for more than 5 years. The factor most strongly associated with response and survival was the duration of the initial remission with 49 of 82 (60%) patients whose initial CR duration was at least 1 year in duration obtaining a second CR v 31 of 161 (19%) for patients with a shorter remission (P less than .01). Age, liver function, serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), karyotype, and the proportion of blasts plus promyelocytes present at the time of starting salvage therapy were strongly associated with probability of response and survival. Multivariate analysis was used to develop logistic regression and proportional hazard models to predict probability of response and survival, respectively. The major regimens used were conventional-dose cytarabine (ara-C) (combined with anthracyclines or amsacrine), high-dose ara-C, rubidazone, amsacrine (AMSA), other anthracyclines, and autologous or allogeneic transplant programs. After allowing for the prognostic factors in the models, specific treatment regimens were not strongly associated with prognosis.
Observations on the carcinogenicity of 1,2,3,4-dibenzophenanthrene and its 9-methyl and 10-methyl derivatives.
Authors: Paul N. Harris, Charles K. Bradsher
Journal: Cancer Research (1946)

In 1940 Badger et al. (1) reported that 1,2,3,4-dibenzophenanthrene was carcinogenic for mice when applied by painting the skin twice weekly with a 0.3 per cent solution in benzene, or by subcutaneous injection of 2.5 to 5 mgm. doses in 0.2 cc. of sesame oil, with repetition of the injection at intervals of 3 to 5 weeks according to the rate of disappearance of the quantity given previously. Of 20 mice painted with the compound, 5 developed cutaneous papillomata within a period of 212 to 258 days, and 8 developed cutaneous carcinomas within the same period. Of 30 mice that received the compound subcutaneously (the number of injections and the total dose administered were not stated), 5 developed sarcomas within a period of 144 to 185 days, and one other developed a spindle celled tumor of doubtful malignancy. The authors did not report upon methyl derivatives of this compound.
Abstract 11928: Patient-specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells For Modeling Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
Authors: Junko Kobayashi, Masashi Yoshida, Suguru Tarui, Masataka Hirata, Ken Takahashi, Shingo Kasahara, Keiji Naruse, Hiroshi Ito, Shunji Sano, Hidemasa Oh
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Inherence heuristic versus essentialism: Issues of antecedence and cognitive mechanism
Authors: Vincent Y. Yzerbyt, Stéphanie Demoulin
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract We argue (1) that the empirical evidence offered by the authors is insufficient to sustain their claim; (2) that, beyond methodological problems, the proposed underlying cognitive mechanism is largely speculative and that a reverse, more motivational, path is equally plausible; and (3) that the distinction and antecedence of inherence intuitions with respect to essentialist beliefs remain to be demonstrated.
Abstract 14065: Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE) and CAC Progression in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Talia L Brown, Ann Marie Schmidt, Jinqhua Zhang, Gregory L Kinney, Melissa Simpson, Marian Rewers, Janet K Snell-Bergeon
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) result from poor glycemic control and are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with diabetes. A soluble form of the receptor for AGEs (sRA...
Intestinal Absorption of Calcium-47 after Treatment with Oral Oestrogen-gestogens in Senile Osteoporosis
Authors: A Caniggia, C Gennari, G Borrello, M Bencini, L Cesari, C Poggi, S Escobar
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Intestinal absorption of radiocalcium was measured in 15 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis before and after six months' treatment with an oral oestrogen-gestogen combination. Comparison with a control group indicated a significant improvement in intestinal absorption after treatment. Though there is no evidence that oestrogens have an anabolic effect on human bone, these results indicate that they affect the intestinal absorption of calcium directly.
Abstract 2799: Procollagen Type III Amino-terminal and Carboxyl-terminal Telopeptide of Collagen type I but not Carboxyl-terminal Propeptide Type I are Associated with Heart Failure in the Elderly; The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Eddy Barasch, John S. Gottdiener, Gerard Aurigemma, DW Kitzman, Jing Han, Russel Tracy
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The presence of excess myocardial matrix fibrosis (MF) contributes to alteration in the left ventricular (LV) diastolic and eventually, systolic performance. The increased collagen-derived serum peptides associated with collagen synthesis (procollagen type III aminoterminal peptide-PIIINP-, carboxyl-terminal propeptide type I -PIP-) and degradation (carboxyl-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I -CTIP-) have been shown in a number of small studies to correlate with histologic assessment of MF. While the prevalence of heart failure (HF), especially diastolic (D)HF increases with aging, no large studies evaluate the association of MF with DHF or systolic (S) HF in the elderly. Aims: To determine the association between the 3 biomarkers of MF turnover Methods: In 880 participants (ppt), mean age 77 ± 6 yrs, 52 % males, 79 % white, enrolled in the Cardiovascular Health Study, a prospective community based study of individuals &gt; 65 yrs of age , serum levels of PIIINP, PIP and ICTP were measured by radioimmunoassay; 179 had HF with normal LVEF (DHF), 131 had HF with LVEF ± 55%, (SHF), 287 controls (no HF) and 283 healthy ppts. Results: Logistic regression models using a progressive number of adjustment variables are illustrated in the table . The ROC curves showed for CTIP the AUC =0.69; p&lt;0.0001 and for PIIINP, AUC = 0.66, p&lt;0.0001. The comparison of two ROC curves = NS. Model 1: unadjusted model Model 2: adjusted by age, gender and race Model 3: model 2+ adjustment for LVH, hypertension, diabetes, CHD, any ACE inhibitor, potassium-sparing agents alone, any diuretic, serum creatinine, cystatin C Conclusions: 1. PIP was not associated with SHF or DHF. 2. Even when adjusted for multiple potential confounders, there is still a strong association between CTIP, PIIINP and DHF as well as SHF. 3. The lack of association between PIP and HF might be a characteristic of this age group where possible PIIINP, reflecting the poorly cross-linked collagen, predominates .
Relationship between Corneal Guttae and Quality of Vision in Patients with Mild Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy
Authors: Shinya Watanabe, Yoshinori Oie, Hisataka Fujimoto, Takeshi Soma, Shizuka Koh, Motokazu Tsujikawa, Naoyuki Maeda, Kohji Nishida
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Evidence-based Medical Education
Authors: Jean-Damien Ricard, Didier Dreyfuss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

We read with interest the study by Cox and coworkers (1). It is indeed crucial to assess the residents’ knowledge of medical literature. The online supplement provides us with the questionnaire given to the medical residents. Interestingly, the second least correctly answered question is No. 12, which relates to the most appropriate next measure to take when arterial blood gas analysis of a woman mechanically ventilated under 0.6 FiO2 and 5 cm H2O positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) reveals: pH 7.28, Pco2 36, PaO2 55 mm Hg, and SaO2 85%. The list of possible answers is as follows: (a) Increase the FiO2 to 0.80; (b) Increase the tidal volume by 100 ml from your initial setting; (c) Increase the rate by 4 breaths per minute from your initial setting; and (d) increase the PEEP to 10 cm H2O. Only 56% of the residents provided the required answer: (d) increase PEEP to 10 cm H2O. It would have been interesting to know the percentage of residents answering the other different propositions. Our contention is that medical residents who had first increased FiO2 (and only after that increased PEEP) would have put their patient at a much lesser risk for persistent hypoxemia (and cardiac compromise) than those who had first increased PEEP. Indeed, patients may not always respond to PEEP, may sometimes increase their PaO2 only several hours after PEEP augmentation, or may even decrease their PaO2 if their cardiac output decreases as a result of increased PEEP (2). Our first concern as clinicians when treating patients with severe hypoxemia (as is the case in this vignette with PaO2/FiO2 92) is to avoid prolonged hypoxemia. In addition, even if one wishes to apply evidence-based medicine, then one may wish to refer to a very recent review of evidencebased medicine on adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treatment that made a grade C recommendation for the use of PEEP in ARDS treatment (3). Then it may be worthwhile to rely on physiology and consider, as stated by Lodato (4), that “the known immediate risks of systemic hypoxia and barotrauma are clearly more rapid and devastating than the potential and future risk of hyperoxia-induced lung injury.” In the area of ARDS, the same caveat may be addressed to evidence-based medical education as to evidence-based medicine (5). However important it may be to assess the knowledge of medical literature of senior residents, assessing their understanding of physiology may prove to be at least as beneficial to the patient.
Therapeutic dissection after successful coronary balloon angioplasty: No influence on restenosis or on clinical outcome in 693 patients
Authors: Walter R.M. Hermans, Benno J. Rensing, David P. Foley, Jaap W. Deckers, Wolfgang Rutsch, Hakan Emanuelsson, Nicolas Danchin, William Wijns, François Chappuls, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Anthrax among heroin users in Europe possibly caused by same Bacillus anthracis strain since 2000
Authors: R Grunow, S R Klee, W Beyer, M George, D Grunow, A Barduhn, S Klar, D Jacob, M Elschner, P Sandven, A Kjerulf, J S Jensen, W Cai, R Zimmermann, L Schaade
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Injection anthrax was described first in 2000 in a heroin-injecting drug user in Norway. New anthrax cases among heroin consumers were detected in the United Kingdom (52 cases) and Germany (3 cases) in 2009-10. In June 2012, a fatal case occurred in Regensburg, Bavaria. As of December 2012, 13 cases had been reported in this new outbreak from Germany, Denmark, France and the United Kingdom. We analysed isolates from 2009-10 and 2012 as well as from the first injection anthrax case in Norway in 2000 by comparative molecular typing using a high resolution 31 marker multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) and a broad single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. Our results show that all cases may be traced back to the same outbreak strain. They also indicate the probability of a single source contaminating heroin and that the outbreak could have lasted for at least a decade. However, an additional serological pilot study in two German regions conducted in 2011 failed to discover additional anthrax cases among 288 heroin users.
Treatment Compliance Among Asymptomatic Adolescents With Sexually Transmitted Infections
Authors: Kari Schneider, Terri Byczkowski, Jennifer Reed
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

][3] Treatment of adolescent patients testing positive for an STI once discharged from the pediatric emergency department is a concern, particularly among those who are asymptomatic and may not understand the importance of treatment.Studies have shown that health care professionals are able to contact patients with their test results; however, it is unclear in the literature whether asymptomatic adolescent Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)-positive patients obtain their prescriptions from pharmacies or Neisseria gonorrhea (GC)-positive patients return for oral and intramuscular treatment. 4,5The objective of this study was to evaluate treatment compliance among asymptomatic adolescents with positive STI results.
The relation between hypochondriasis and age
Authors: A J Barsky, C B Frank, P D Cleary, G Wyshak, G L Klerman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

This study examined the relation between hypochondriasis and age while controlling for the possible confounding influences of medical morbidity, social isolation, and other psychiatric disorder.Consecutive patients attending a general medical clinic on randomly selected days were screened with a hypochondriasis self-report questionnaire. Those whose scores exceeded a preestablished cutoff level and a random sample of those who scored below it completed a research battery consisting of self-report questionnaires and structured interviews for DSM-III-R diagnoses of hypochondriasis and other axis I disorders. The patients' medical records were audited, and their physicians completed questionnaires about them. The 60 patients who met the DSM-III-R criteria for hypochondriasis at interview constituted the study group, and 100 patients randomly chosen from among those who scored below the cutoff for hypochondriasis constituted the comparison group.The hypochondriacal group was not older than the comparison group. Hypochondriacal patients aged 65 years and over did not differ significantly from younger hypochondriacal patients in hypochondriacal attitudes, somatization, tendency to amplify bodily sensation, or global assessment of their overall health, even though their aggregate medical morbidity was greater. The elderly hypochondriacal patients had higher levels of disability, but this appeared to be attributable to their medical status rather than to any increase in hypochondriasis. Within the comparison sample, subjects aged 65 years and over were not more hypochondriacal than those under 65 years of age.Hypochondriasis is found to some degree in all patients and appears to be unrelated to age.
Bone marrow <sup>18</sup>F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐<scp>d</scp>‐glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography cannot replace bone marrow biopsy in diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Hugo J.A. Adams, Thomas C. Kwee, Rob Fijnheer, Stefan V. Dubois, Rutger A.J. Nievelstein, John M.H. de Klerk
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

This study aimed to investigate whether visual and quantitative 18 F‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐ d ‐glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG‐PET/CT)‐based bone marrow assessment can replace blind bone marrow biopsy (BMB) in newly diagnosed diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This retrospective study included 78 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who had undergone both FDG‐PET/CT and BMB. FDG‐PET/CT images were visually evaluated for bone marrow involvement. Patient‐based sensitivity of visual FDG‐PET/CT assessment was calculated using BMB as the reference standard. Metabolically active volume, maximum standardized uptake value, 3D partial volume corrected mean standardized uptake value, and 3D partial volume corrected mean metabolic volume product (cMVP mean ) of FDG‐avid bone marrow lesions were measured. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the influence of (potential) prognostic factors (BMB status, visual [dichotomous] FDG‐PET/CT bone marrow status, metabolically active volume, maximum standardized uptake value, 3D partial volume corrected mean standardized uptake value, 3D partial volume corrected mean metabolic volume product, and International Prognostic Index score) on progression‐free survival and overall survival. FDG‐PET/CT detected bone marrow involvement in 34 (43.6%) cases and BMB in 16 (20.5%) of 78 cases, of whom 11 were also detected by FDG‐PET/CT, resulting in a patient‐based sensitivity of 68.8% (95% confidence interval = 44.2%–86.1%) for FDG‐PET/CT. In the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, only BMB status was an independent predictive factor of progression‐free survival ( P = 0.016) and overall survival ( P = 0.004). In conclusion, FDG‐PET/CT misses bone marrow involvement that has been detected by BMB in a non‐negligible proportion of patients. Furthermore, both visual and quantitative FDG‐PET/CT‐based bone marrow assessments are prognostically inferior to BMB. Therefore, FDG‐PET/CT cannot replace BMB in newly diagnosed DLBCL. Am. J. Hematol. 89:726–731, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.