tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psoriasis patients who are homozygous for the HLA-Cw*0602 allele have a 2.5-fold increased risk of developing psoriasis compared with Cw6 heterozygotes
Authors: J.E. Gudjonsson, A. Karason, A. Antonsdottir, E.H. Runarsdottir, V.B. Hauksson, R. Upmanyu, J. Gulcher, K. Stefansson, H. Valdimarsson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Psoriasis patients who are homozygous for the HLA‐Cw*0602 allele have a 2·5‐fold increased risk of developing psoriasis compared with Cw6 heterozygotes Get access J.E. Gudjonsson, J.E. Gudjonsson Department of Immunology, National University Hospital of Iceland, Eiriksgata, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Karason, A. Karason deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Antonsdottir, A. Antonsdottir deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.H. Runarsdottir, E.H. Runarsdottir deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V.B. Hauksson, V.B. Hauksson deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Upmanyu, R. Upmanyu deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Gulcher, J. Gulcher deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Stefansson, K. Stefansson deCODE Genetics, Lynghals 1, 110 Reykjavik, Iceland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Valdimarsson H. Valdimarsson Department of Immunology, National University Hospital of Iceland, Eiriksgata, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Helgi Valdimarsson. E‐mail: helgiv@landspitali.is Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 2, 1 February 2003, Pages 233–235, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05115.x Published: 01 February 2003 Article history Accepted: 07 August 2002 Published: 01 February 2003
Two steps forward, one step back: Partner-specific effects in a psychology of dialogue
Authors: Susan E. Brennan, Charles A. Metzing
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Pickering & Garrod's (P&G's) call to study language processing in dialogue context is an appealing one. Their interactive alignment model is ambitious, aiming to explain the converging behavior of dialogue partners via both intra- and interpersonal priming. However, they ignore the flexible, partner-specific processing demonstrated by some recent dialogue studies. We discuss implications of these data.
The diagnostic value of the assay of des-γ-carboxy prothrombin in the detection of small hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Cho-Yu Chan, Shou-Dong Lee, Jaw-Ching Wu, Han-Chieh Lin, Yi-Shin Huang, Gin-Ho Lo, Fa-Yauh Lee, Yang-Te Tsai, Kwang-Juei Lo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
EUTHANASIA: A CONTEMPORARY MORAL QUANDARY
Authors: William Reichel, ArthurJ. Dyck
Journal: The Lancet (1989)

Responding to an increased interest in establishing active, voluntary euthanasia as a viable medical and social policy, Reichel and Dyck consider the major arguments for and against the practice. Proponents of euthanasia support a patient's right of self determination and a compassion-motivated active ending of suffering. Opponents are concerned with the problems of determining intention and motivation, the danger of involuntary euthanasia of the aged, the handicapped, and the incompetent, and the impact on the physician patient relationship. Reichel and Dyck argue that, instead of euthanasia, physicians can offer terminally ill patients the "moral choice to die well" by alleviating pain, by respecting requests to forgo burdensome, invasive treatments, by providing comfort and support, and by communicating with patients and their families.
792-4 Three Years Clinical and Quantitative Angiographic Follow-up After the Palmaz-Schatz Coronary Stent Implantation
Authors: Takeshi Kimura, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Takashi Tamura, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Hideyuki Nosaka, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Appendiceal Mucocele: Endoscopic Appearance
Authors: I. Raijman, S. Leong, S. Hassaram, N. E. Marcon
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

Appendiceal mucocele is a rare disorder of the vermiform appendix, occurring predominantly in the sixth or seventh decades, and has a distinct female predominance. Very few cases have been reported in the endoscopic literature. We report two patients with appendiceal mucocele, describe and show the colonoscopic appearance of these tumors, and review the literature.
A functional link for major TCR expansions in healthy adults caused by persistent Epstein-Barr virus infection.
Authors: S L Silins, S M Cross, K G Krauer, D J Moss, C W Schmidt, I S Misko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Dramatic clonal expansions of unknown functional significance have been documented in the T cell receptor (TCR) alpha beta peripheral blood repertoires of apparently healthy adults. In this study, we provide evidence that persistent infection with the ubiquitous Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes major distortions within the memory repertoire of healthy virus carriers. Using complementarity determining region 3 (CDR3) length analysis to measure repertoire diversity, dominant expansions that dramatically skewed the entire TCRBV6 blood repertoire towards oligoclonality were enriched in the CD8(+)CD45RO+CD45RA- subset of HLA B8(+) healthy virus carriers. Evidence of phenotypic heterogeneity between individuals was also observed for these expansions based on their variable coexpression of CD45RO and CD45RA. TCR junctional region sequencing revealed that these expansions were clonal and that they represented commonly selected HLA B8-restricted memory cytotoxic T cells that recognize the immunodominant latent EBV epitope, FLRGRAYGL. Furthermore, the functional identity of these virus-specific CD8(+) T cells was confirmed by their FLRGRAYGL-specific cytotoxicity. Therefore, the functional significance of dramatic clonal expansions in healthy adults can be linked in some cases to virus-specific CD8(+) T cells that play an essential role in immunosurveillance. This first identified link for expansions in the circulation of healthy adults strongly implies that restricted-memory TCR responses to environmental antigens play a pivotal role in expansion development, which should have an important impact on studies interpreting TCR expansion patterns in health and disease.
Virgil and Medicine
Authors: John H. Dirckx
Journal: JAMA (1981)

SCHOLARS of all ages, including the current one, have agreed in ranking Publius Vergilius Maro first among Latin poets. Virgil (the misspelling is traditional in English) was born in the village of Andes, near Mantua, in 70 BC and died at Brundisium in 19 BC. He belonged to a privileged circle of literary men who enjoyed the favor of the emperor Augustus and the patronage of Maecenas. Horace, Propertius, and Catullus also won the friendship and protection of the emperor, but to Virgil alone fell the privilege and the challenge of writing a semimythical account of the origins and destinies of the Roman people. His<i>Aeneid</i>stands as the supreme achievement of Latin poetry and one of the great epics of all time. The connections of Virgil with medicine are slight—far more so than spurious ancient biographies would suggest. But on the occasion of the 2,000th anniversary (Sept 21, 1981)
Changes in semen and the testis
Authors: N E Skakkebaek, N Keiding
Journal: BMJ (1994)

domised controlled trials in health services research-they quote seven adequate trials out of 1000-suggests that randomised controlled trials are not the right way to show that a service, a package of interventions, is an improvement in terms of either where it is provided or what is provided.Should palliative care be excused from randomised con- trolled trials?The design of McWhinney and colleagues' trial did not make life easy.The authors had been providing their palliative care at home for 18 months before the trial began and, not surprisingly, believed that it was better than no service.Patients were randomised either to immediate support or to support delayed for one month.For those randomised to the delayed group care was meant to be provided by the family doctor, who had referred the patient in the first place.The authors measured pain, nausea, patients' quality of life, and care givers' health at the beginning of the trial and at one month.Patients expected to live more than two months were approached, yet 36 of the 146 who were randomised died within the month of the study.Others, who were not entered because they were not expected to live for two months, did so; such problems will be familiar to those who do randomised con- trolled trials in palliative care.Clearly the failure of this study alone would not justify excusing palliative care from randomised controlled trials.The authors go on to raise the problems of the ethics of randomisation in palliative care in general.As they say, using patients on the waiting list as controls may be ethical in chronic stable conditions, but in this study, and in pal- liative care in general, randomisation to treatment versus delayed treatment is hard to justify.This does not mean that all randomisations in palliative care are unethical.Comparison of two interventions, neither of which is known to be superior, would be the classic equipoise requirement for ethical randomisation.Two constructive
Paleopathological Diagnosis and Interpretation: Bone Diseases in Ancient Human Populations
Authors: Aidan Cockburn
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Interest in disease in ancient times has increased dramatically in the past decade. One difficulty has been a shortage of textbooks to supply up-to-date information. This present work by Steinbock is, therefore, a welcome addition to the library of the paleopathologist, especially because it deals with the kind of tissue most available for study today—bones from the past. The writing is straightforward and simple, the diagrams are informative, the photographs are carefully selected and clearly printed. The author has not been afraid to take a position on debatable issues, and in general I think that his conclusions are sound. For example, in the chapter on anemia, in which the etiology of porotic hyperostosis is discussed, he comes down firmly on the side of nutritional anemia, in most instances, as against thalassemia. By coincidence, the Paleopathology Association held a symposium on this subject in November 1976, in Detroit, and the majority
Essential Elements of a Technology and Outcomes Assessment Initiative
Authors: Ezekiel J. Emanuel, Victor R. Fuchs, Alan M. Garber
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Myocardial blood flow and capillary density in chronic pressure overload of the feline left ventricle
Authors: E. A BREISCH, S. R HOUSER, R. A CAREY, J. F SPANN, A. A BOVE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

The effects of chronic pressure overload hypertrophy on myocardial blood flow and capillary density was measured in the feline left ventricle. Myocardial hypertrophy was produced by and 84% banding constriction of the ascending aorta 2.8 +/- 1.2 months before the experiments. In seven cats with aortic constriction, cardiac hypertrophy produced a 40% increase in left ventricular mass. Seven cats served as normals. Our findings show that, in chronic pressure overload hypertrophy, coronary blood flow at control (resting) levels is increased compared with normals. In both normal and hypertrophy cats endocardial/epicardial flow ratios were equal at the control level. In the hypertrophied hearts, coronary reserve, measured as the percentage increase in myocardial blood flow from control to near maximal flow during adenosine infusion, was reduced. In the hypertrophy group a shift in the transmural distribution of blood flow in the left ventricle was noticed, as indicated by a reduced endo/epi flow ratio, during adenosine infusion. A decreased capillary density in hypertrophy, most marked in endocardial tissue regions, was demonstrated by this study. These findings indicate that capillary growth does not parallel myofibre growth in the endocardium of pressure overload hypertrophied left ventricles. The resultant anatomical imbalance causes a compromise of flow reserve in the endocardium, making this region vulnerable to ischaemia.
Review: Selective digestive decontamination reduces mortality more than chlorhexidine in general ICU patients
Authors: John C. Marshall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Price R, Maclennan G, Glen J; SuDDICU Collaboration. Selective digestive or oropharyngeal decontamination and topical oropharyngeal chlorhexidine for prevention of death in general intensive care: systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMJ. 2014;348:g2197. 24687313
884 Ursodeoxycholic acid modulates the RB/E2F-1 apoptotic pathway in rat hepatocytes as determined by microarray analysis
Authors: R CASTRO, S SOLA, B KREN, C STEER, C RODRIGUES
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

This study addresses gaps in our understanding about the validity and utility of using salivary adiponectin to index serum adiponectin levels. Matched blood and saliva samples were collected on a single occasion from healthy adults (n = 99; age 18–36 years, 53% male). Serum and saliva was assayed for adiponectin and inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNFα), and saliva was also assayed for markers of blood contamination (transferrin), total protein (salivary flow rate) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). We examined the extent to which salivary adiponectin was associated with serum adiponectin, and the influence of potential confounders on the serum-saliva correlation, including age, sex, body mass index, and markers of inflammation, oral health, salivary blood contamination, and flow rate. Findings revealed a modest serum-saliva association for adiponectin, and strong positive associations between salivary adiponectin and salivary levels of inflammatory cytokines, MMP-8, transferrin, and total protein. By contrast, salivary adiponectin was not related to serum levels of inflammatory activity. The magnitude of the serum-saliva association was strengthened when controlling for total protein in saliva, blood leakage into oral fluid, salivary inflammatory cytokines, and MMP-8. The pattern of findings extends our understanding of salivary adiponectin and its potential use as an index of circulating adiponectin levels.
Genetic and pharmacological evidence for more than one human steroid 5 alpha-reductase.
Authors: E P Jenkins, S Andersson, J Imperato-McGinley, J D Wilson, D W Russell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

The enzyme steroid 5 alpha-reductase catalyzes the conversion of testosterone into the more potent androgen, dihydrotestosterone, and impairment of this reaction causes a form of male pseudohermaphroditism in which genetic males differentiate predominantly as phenotypic females. We previously isolated cDNA clones that encode a human steroid 5 alpha-reductase enzyme. Here, we report molecular and genetic studies demonstrating that the gene encoding this cDNA is normal in subjects with the genetic disease steroid 5 alpha-reductase deficiency. We further show that in contrast to the major steroid 5 alpha-reductase in the prostate and cultured skin fibroblasts, the cDNA-encoded enzyme exhibits a neutral to basic pH optima and is much less sensitive to inhibition by the 4-aza steroid, finasteride (MK-906). The results provide genetic, biochemical, and pharmacological support for the existence of at least two steroid 5 alpha-reductase isozymes in man.
Apoptosis occurs predominantly in bystander cells and not in productively infected cells of HIV- and SIV-infected lymph nodes
Authors: T. H. Finkel, G. Tudor-Williams, N. K. Banda, M. F. Cotton, T. Curiel, C. Monks, T. W. Baba, R. M. Ruprecht, A. Kupfer
Journal: Nature Medicine (1995)
Ian Thomas Twistington Higgins
Authors: Millicent Higgins
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Ian Higgins was professor emeritus of epidemiology and environmental and industrial health at the University of Michigan, School of Public Health. He had a distinguished career in research, teaching, and public service, and was an internationally renowned expert in the epidemiology of chronic respiratory diseases, cancer, coronary heart disease, and other diseases resulting from occupational and environmental exposures to hazardous materials, including cigarette smoke and air pollution. He devoted much of his career to improving the health and wellbeing of miners, industrial workers, schoolchildren, and the elderly.

Ian was born in …
Direct Attack on RAS: Intramolecular Communication and Mutation-Specific Effects
Authors: Kendra Marcus, Carla Mattos
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The crystal structure of RAS was first solved 25 years ago. In spite of tremendous and sustained efforts, there are still no drugs in the clinic that directly target this major driver of human cancers. Recent success in the discovery of compounds that bind RAS and inhibit signaling has fueled renewed enthusiasm, and in-depth understanding of the structure and function of RAS has opened new avenues for direct targeting. To succeed, we must focus on the molecular details of the RAS structure and understand at a high-resolution level how the oncogenic mutants impair function. Structural networks of intramolecular communication between the RAS active site and membrane-interacting regions on the G-domain are disrupted in oncogenic mutants. Although conserved across the isoforms, these networks are near hot spots of protein–ligand interactions with amino acid composition that varies among RAS proteins. These differences could have an effect on stabilization of conformational states of interest in attenuating signaling through RAS. The development of strategies to target these novel sites will add a fresh direction in the quest to conquer RAS-driven cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 21(8); 1810–8. ©2015 AACR. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “Targeting RAS-Driven Cancers.”
Modulation of GluN3A Expression in Huntington Disease
Authors: John F. Wesseling, Isabel Pérez-Otaño
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Huntington disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder with no cure or effective palliative treatment. An ideal therapy would arrest pathogenesis at early stages before neuronal damage occurs. However, although the genetic mutation that causes HD is known, the molecular chain of events that leads from the mutation to disease is not well understood. Accumulating evidence suggests that synaptic dysregulation may be involved, and the earliest known deficit is hyperfunction of glutamate-type N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) in the selectively vulnerable medium spiny neurons of the striatum. A previous study found that the mutant Htt protein interferes with downregulation of juvenile NMDAR subtypes that contain GluN3A subunits by sequestering the endocytic adaptor PACSIN1 and preventing their removal from the cell surface. Loss of PACSIN1 and consequent gain of GluN3A function reactivate a synapse pruning mechanism that is important during development but harmful when active at later stages. Suppressing the GluN3A reactivation corrected the NMDAR hyperfunction and prevented the full range of HD signs and symptoms in mouse models, encouraging efforts to develop GluN3A-selective antagonists and/or explore alternative therapeutic approaches to block GluN3A expression.
Neonatal Heart Disease
Authors: Mary Allen Engle
Journal: JAMA (1973)

In the relatively short history of pediatric cardiology, this is the era of the newborn, and appropriately so, for here is where the action lies. Of all the seven ages of man, this is the one with highest morbidity and mortality from congenital heart disease and, therefore, the one with the greatest challenge to do something to alter that situation. To do something requires first that the problem be recognized; second, that a multifaceted approach be made to understanding why there is such a problem, and third, that an interdisciplinary attack be mounted for a satisfactory solution. That is what this book is all about. It is a collection of a series of articles that appeared in four successive issues of<i>Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases</i>during 1972 and 1973. The authors were selected for their expertise in cardiovascular embryology, neuropharmacology, and physiology as well as pathology. After this background was
Evaluation of Syncope by Upright Tilt Testing with Isoproterenol
Authors: Wishwa N. Kapoor, Nancy Brant
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

To determine the proportion of patients with syncope of unknown etiology who have a positive response to upright tilt testing and to determine the specificity of this test as a marker for vasodepressor syncope.Comparison of upright tilt testing with isoproterenol in patients with syncope of unknown etiology and in controls.Outpatient clinics of a tertiary care center.A total of 20 patients with syncope of unknown etiology and 40 controls matched by age, sex, and lack of underlying cardiovascular or other diseases had upright tilt testing with isoproterenol infusion. Controls consisted of two groups (groups I and II) who had slightly different methods of tilt testing in conjunction with isoproterenol.Upright tilt testing at 80 degrees from horizontal was done for up to 15 minutes. If end points were not reached, infusion of isoproterenol was started at 1 microgram/min and increased with graded increments in infusion rates up to 5 micrograms/min.The development of syncope or presyncope in association with hypotension, bradycardia, or both.Positive response to tilt testing in patients with syncope was 75% (95% CI, 55% to 95%); it was 65% in control group I (CK, 44% to 86%) and 45% in control group II (CI, 20% to 70%). Case patients and controls with positive tilt-test responses were similar with respect to time to completion of the test, mean total isoproterenol dose, mean isoproterenol dose level at completion, average mean blood pressure at completion, mean heart rate at completion, mean decline in systolic blood pressure, and decline in mean blood pressure or heart rate (P greater than 0.05 for all comparisons). Further, symptoms during tilt testing in case patients with positive responses were similar to those in controls with positive tilt-test results.The rate of positive tilt testing in patients with syncope is equivalent to that in controls without a history of syncope. The low specificity of this test makes its use as a marker for vasodepressor syncope questionable.