tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nonsecretory multiple myeloma in a 26‐year‐old man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, presenting with multiple extramedullary plasmacytomas and osteolytic bone disease
Authors: Anand B. Karnad, Alvin W. Martin, Howard K. Koh, Mark J. Brauer, Marilyn Novich, Jonathan Wright
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract High grade B‐cell lymphoma and leukemia have been well described in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Malignant transformation of more differentiated lymphoid cells has not been well described in these patients. We report a 26‐year‐old man with AIDS‐associated multiple myeloma, who had a highly unusual presentation and clinical course. A review of the literature indicates that monoclonal gammopathy in patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is common. Multiple myeloma and extramedullary plasmacytomas, diseases that are extraordinarily rare in young persons, are now being reported in patients with AIDS and should be added to the list of neoplastic diseases now associated with HIV infection.
Jean Alero Thomas
Authors: D. H. Crawford
Journal: BMJ (2015)

After qualifying Jean Alero Thomas (known to her friends and colleagues as Alero) worked as a house officer at the University Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. In 1971 she moved to Lagos University Teaching Hospital, where her father, Horatio Orishejolomi Thomas, was professor of surgery and dean of the College of Medicine. She trained in pathology and haematology before returning to the UK in 1973. Alero won a Commonwealth scholarship to study at …
Undertreated and Untreated Pain Should Be Considered an Adverse Event of Neonatal Circumcision
Authors: Sofia Bisogni, Nicole Olivini, Filippo Festini
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Aftercare of Artificially Paced Patients
Authors: R. Bluestone, A. Harris, G. Davies
Journal: BMJ (1965)

JOURNA 1589 of pulmonary embolism in Cases 2 and 3 was obtained by pulmonary angiography, using an intravenous route which in acutely ill patients is better tolerated than introduction of a catheter into the right ventricle (Williams et al., 1963).The elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase supported the diagnosis of pulmonary embolus in Case 2 but was unhelpful in Case 3. Wacker and Snodgrass (1960) have drawn attention to a raised serum lactic dehydrogenase in the presence of normal serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase as being of diagnostic value in pulmonary embolism.The respiratory studies with regard to the low pulmonary diffusing capacity are in keeping with the findings of Sasahara et al. (1964) in four patients with pulmonary embolic disease.Characteristic of many published reports of thrombotic disease on oral contraceptives has been a relatively serious clinical picture.Eleven fatal cases were noted at the time of the 1962 Chicago Conference.Subsequently two of the six cases described by Schatz et al. (1965) had major pulmonary emboli and a third case required amputation of a limb for arterial thrombosis.A fatal case of superior mesenteric artery thrombosis was recorded by Reed and Coon (1963).In the case reported by Cohen and Sajid (1964) death was due to massive pulmonary thromboembolism.Hartveit (1965) has described the case of a 32-year-old woman who died with coronary thrombosis while on Anovlar. SummaryThree healthy women developed intravascular thrombosis while receiving oral contraceptive therapy.Case 1 was fatal and directs attention to the possibility that arterial thrombosis may also exist in addition to the more common thrombophlebitis of the legs and pulmonary embolism.We would like to express our gratitude to many people who havc helped us with these cases: to Professor G. M. Bull for his permission to publish Case 1; to Dr. P.
Role of CD4+CD25high T Cells in the Persistence of Atopic Dermatitis
Authors: A. Singh, K. Burmeister, M.L. Jennes-Clough, R. Gangnon, M. Evans, K.A. Roberg, C. Tisler, D. DaSilva, T. Pappas, J.E. Gern, R.F. Lemanske, C.M. Seroogy
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Bone Resorption and Environmental Exposure to Cadmium in Women: A Population Study
Authors: Rudolph Schutte, Tim S. Nawrot, Tom Richart, Lutgarde Thijs, Dirk Vanderschueren, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Etienne Van Hecke, Harry A. Roels, Jan A. Staessen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Environmental exposure to cadmium decreases bone density indirectly through hypercalciuria resulting from renal tubular dysfunction.We sought evidence for a direct osteotoxic effect of cadmium in women.We randomly recruited 294 women (mean age, 49.2 years) from a Flemish population with environmental cadmium exposure. We measured 24-hr urinary cadmium and blood cadmium as indexes of lifetime and recent exposure, respectively. We assessed the multivariate-adjusted association of exposure with specific markers of bone resorption, urinary hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP) and lysylpyridinoline (LP), as well as with calcium excretion, various calciotropic hormones, and forearm bone density.In all women, the effect sizes associated with a doubling of lifetime exposure were 8.4% (p=0.009) for HP, 6.9% (p=0.10) for LP, 0.77 mmol/day (p=0.003) for urinary calcium, -0.009 g/cm(2) (p=0.055) for proximal forearm bone density, and -16.8% (p=0.065) for serum parathyroid hormone. In 144 postmenopausal women, the corresponding effect sizes were -0.01223 g/cm(2) (p=0.008) for distal forearm bone density, 4.7% (p=0.064) for serum calcitonin, and 10.2% for bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. In all women, the effect sizes associated with a doubling of recent exposure were 7.2% (p=0.001) for urinary HP, 7.2% (p=0.021) for urinary LP, -9.0% (p=0.097) for serum parathyroid hormone, and 5.5% (p=0.008) for serum calcitonin. Only one woman had renal tubular dysfunction (urinary retinol-binding protein >338 microg/day).In the absence of renal tubular dysfunction, environmental exposure to cadmium increases bone resorption in women, suggesting a direct osteotoxic effect with increased calciuria and reactive changes in calciotropic hormones.
Cumulative Influence of Organ Dysfunctions and Septic State on Mortality of Critically Ill Children
Authors: Francis Leclerc, Stéphane Leteurtre, Alain Duhamel, Bruno Grandbastien, François Proulx, Alain Martinot, France Gauvin, Philippe Hubert, Jacques Lacroix
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

The interaction between sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome is poorly defined in children. We analyzed by Cox regression models the cumulative influence of organ dysfunctions, using the pediatric logistic organ dysfunction (PELOD) score, and septic state (systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock) on mortality of critically ill children. We included 593 children (mortality rate: 8.6%) from three pediatric intensive care units; 514 patients had at least a systemic inflammatory response syndrome and 269 had two or more organ dysfunctions. Hazard ratio of death significantly increased with the severity of organ dysfunction, as estimated by the PELOD score, and the worst diagnostic category of septic state. Each increase of one unit in the PELOD score multiplied the hazard ratio by 1.096 (p < 0.0001); hazard ratio of diagnostic category was 9.039 (p = 0.031) for systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis, 18.797 (p = 0.007) for severe sepsis and 32.572 (p < 0.001) for septic shock. Cumulative hazard ratio of death = (hazard ratio of PELOD score) x (hazard ratio of diagnostic category). We conclude that there is a cumulative accrual of the risk of death both with an increasing severity of organ dysfunction and an increasing severity of the diagnostic category of septic state.
Kupffer cell depletion partially prevents hepatic heme oxygenase 1 messenger RNA accumulation in systemic inflammation in mice: Role of interleukin 1?
Authors: Milena Rizzardini, Massimo Zappone, Pia Villa, Paola Gnocchi, Marina Sironi, Luisa Diomede, Cristina Meazza, Mario Monshouwer, Lavinia Cantoni
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) gene is rapidly activated in the liver after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Ninety minutes after LPS treatment (0.1 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) hepatic HO-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) of mice was 40 times the control value. To investigate the hepatic cellular source of the increased HO-1 transcript, we treated mice with LPS and galactosamine (700 mg/kg, intraperitoneally), a selective transcriptional inhibitor of hepatocytes. Galactosamine prevented the LPS-mediated increase of HO-1 mRNA in the liver, indicating that hepatocytes are the main cell type in which HO-1 mRNA accumulates after LPS treatment. We then tested in vitro and in vivo the hypothesis that LPS-mediated hepatic accumulation of HO-1 mRNA is caused by intercellular communication between Kupffer cells and hepatocytes. Isolated rat hepatocytes showed an increase in HO-1 mRNA compared with controls after 90 minutes of exposure to a LPS stimulated Kupffer cell-conditioned medium. This suggests that soluble mediators from Kupffer cells were responsible for this effect. To study the role of Kupffer cells in vivo, we treated mice with Kupffer cell-inactivating or -depleting agents and LPS. Gadolinium chloride and liposome-encapsulated dichloromethylene diphosphonate lowered LPS-mediated HO-1 mRNA accumulation (by about 50%); in these groups hepatic levels of interleukin (IL)-1beta were decreased, by more than 75%. Methylpalmitate hardly affected hepatic HO-1 mRNA accumulation or IL-1beta content after LPS treatment. There was no relationship between HO-1 mRNA and serum TNF or IL-6 levels. These results suggest that LPS-mediated hepatic HO-1 mRNA accumulation is a hepatocyte response partly caused by soluble mediators, particularly IL-1beta, released from Kupffer cells.
Mercury and monomethylmercury: present and future concerns.
Authors: W F Fitzgerald, T W Clarkson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Global atmospheric changes carry the potential to disrupt the normal cycling of mercury and its compounds. Acid rain may increase methylmercury levels in freshwater fish. Global warming and increased ultraviolet radiation may affect the global budget of methylmercury, including its formation and degradation in both biotic and abiotic environments. In this article we review current knowledge on mercury and monomethylmercury with regard to their environmental fate and the potential for human health effects. Recent findings indicate that atmospheric Hg deposition readily accounts for the total mass of Hg in fish, water, and sediment of Little Rock Lake, a representative temperate seepage lake in north-central Wisconsin. It is strikingly evident that modest increases in atmospheric Hg loading could lead directly to elevated levels in the fish stock. It is doubtful, given the experimental limitations in many recent studies, that the temporal pattern for Hg emissions, for background atmospheric Hg concentrations, and for changes in Hg depositional fluxes has been identified. Thus, the present and future questions of whether the environmental impact is of local, regional, or hemispheric significance remain. Contemporary investigations must address these important questions. Human exposure to methylmercury in the United States is probably increasing due to increased consumption of fish and fish products. A recent epidemiological investigation indicates high susceptibility to brain damage during prenatal exposures to Hg. An important objective for future investigation is to establish the lowest effect level for human exposure to methylmercury.
Donors pledge $630m to help boost global polio eradication
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Rotary International, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the British and German governments last week pledged more than $630m (£440m; €475m) in new funds to step up the worldwide campaign to eradicate polio.

The funds are to be used by the World Health Organization’s Global Polio Eradication Initiative for immunisation programmes and research into new vaccines and to enhance surveillance activities to detect cases of the disease and contain outbreaks.

The initiative was launched in 1988 and spearheaded by the World Health Organization, Unicef, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Rotary International, and national governments. However, the initiative has failed to meet a number of target dates—the latest at the end of 2005—for eradicating the virus.

In the past few decades efforts at eradication have helped reduce the number of cases of polio from 350 000 a year in the 1980s to …
Serum ALT: Tarnished gold standard for interferon response in hepatitis C virus infection Johnson Y, Lau N, Mizokami M, Ohno T, Diamond DA, Kniffen J, Davis GL. Discrepancy between biochemical and virological responses to interferon-α in chronic hepatitis C. Lancet 1993; 342: 1208–1209
Authors: H Yee
Journal: Hepatology (1994)
We all need to listen and learn
Authors: J. Cowan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

I understand why doctors who are trying to provide safe and high quality care feel demoralised by what seems to be over-reporting of problems and under-reporting of successes, as described by McCartney.1

I have always been a great advocate of the NHS, and, although previously in clinical practice, I have been active for the past 20 years in complaints …
Place of Achilles Tenotomy in the Treatment of Severe Intermittent Claudication
Authors: S. J. A. Powis, J. S. Skilton, F. Ashton, G. Slaney
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Achilles tenotomy was performed on 66 limbs in 60 patients with severe intermittent claudication and the results were assessed two years later. Early improvement occurred in half of them but decreased to 17% two years postoperatively. Sympathectomy did not influence the result. The postoperative morbidity was 14%, and 21% of limbs were subsequently amputated. The late mortality in the group studied was 8%.
Patient-Physician Communication: Respect for Culture, Religion, and Autonomy
Authors: Tamás Fenyvesi
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To the Editor.  —I read with interest the articles on the ethnic differences in attitudes toward patient autonomy. 13 The topic concerns personal integrity, and the concept of human autonomy in the context of medical ethics is often strongly biased in favor of  the  to all patients. Hungarian jurisdiction renders this to be the obligation of the physician. The Draft Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Dignity of the Human Being of the Council of Europe (1994) states: Individuals are entitled to know any information collected about their health. However, the wishes of individuals not to be so informed shall be observed.  To tell patients the whole  is hypothetical because we do not always know exactly the demarcation between true and false. Advocates of unconditional truth telling forget about the trust the patient has in his or her physician. The greater this trust, the less
FULL TIME: THE LETTER OR THE SPIRIT?
Authors: FREDERICK T. van BEUREN
Journal: JAMA (1925)

There are at this time a number of medical schools in the United States whose clinical departments are to a greater or less extent organized and operated on the principle of  full time. I say so-called because the definition of the term full time differs so much in different schools that the principle itself has not always been recognized as the same on account of its many different applications.  At one school, for example, where the clinical departments were said to be on a full-time basis two years ago, the professor of surgery was free to take charge of as many private patients as he cared to in the university hospital (collecting his fees himself), and could in addition visit private patients anywhere outside the hospital, provided they were of such eminence as to justify this rather unusual liberty for a full-time professor. Contrast this with the situation at
Quadrivalent HPV vaccination was not linked to multiple sclerosis or other demyelinating diseases
Authors: Bruno Granwehr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Scheller NM, Svanström H, Pasternak B, et al. Quadrivalent HPV vaccination and risk of multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. JAMA. 2015;313:54-61. 25562266
SPLENIC UPTAKE OF FDG IN PATIENTS WITH INFECTION
Authors: C Love, K Parithivel, K K. Bhargava, P V. Pugliese, C J. Palestro
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Greater New York and New England Chapters, the Society of Nuclear Medicine 18th Annual Northeast Regional Scientific Session Abstracts October 22–October 24, 2004—Stamford, Connecticut: PDF Only
Effect of l-NAME, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthesis, on plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8, TNFα and nitrite/nitrate in human septic shock
Authors: J. A. M. Avontuur, T. C. Stam, A. M. M. Eggermont, H. A. Braining, M. Jongen-Lavrencic, J. G. C. van Amsterdam
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1998)
EU ministers support draft legislation for patients to be treated abroad
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Governments in the European Union, after a series of landmark legal judgments, are being forced to update existing social security legislation to guarantee patients the right, under certain conditions, to travel to another EU country for reimbursable medical treatment.

The initiative is a response to several crucial rulings dating back to July 1998 from the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg. These give individuals the possibility of travelling abroad for operations if they face “undue delay” in their home country.

At their Barcelona summit in March this year, EU leaders agreed that the task of redrafting the …
BORACIC ACID POISONING
Authors: V. Harley
Journal: BMJ (1912)

{APRIL 13, I911.2 a minimum of fermentable material in tlle shape of carbohydrates.He addls a very small aluount of malt sugar, but no other kind of -sugar.Stolte, in his researcbes,l comes to the salmle conclusion, pointinig out that the thriving of an infant is correlatecd with increased solidity of the motions, and that the latter is due to saponification and absence of fermentation.If, therefore, fermentation is produicing fatty acids, and thus preveniting saponification, the contiuued use of aperients and antiseptics will not cure the condition with- out a radical alteration of the diet; and what a saving of suffering, time, trouble, and lmlolney if we can lay our lhands ,on the main principle of the diet required!It must be a great saving in money to poor people who are unable to breast-feed their infants if they can rely on cow's milk, either pure or manipulated in soniie simlple mananer, instead of experimentinig with this, tlat, or the other proprietary food, at the least excuse, alid to time probable detriment of the infant.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in the Aged
Authors: Arnold Wagner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

As cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) becomes routine for in-hospital deaths unless it is explicitly countermanded for cause, justification for the procedure is being inspected from many points of view. In an excellent review of the literature up to 1980, DeBard1 points out that advanced age is not unfavorable to a successful outcome. This view is shared by others.2 , 3 In fact, there appears to be no dissent. An editorial in Lancet 4 regarding the ethics and wisdom of the procedure also makes note of the fact that great age does not preclude success, but makes a plea for restraint in the application of . . .
Expression of ventricular myosin subunits in the atria of children with congenital heart malformations.
Authors: Q W Shi, U Danilczyk, J X Wang, Y P See, W G Williams, G A Trusler, R Beaulieu, V Rose, G Jackowski
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

The presence of ventricular myosin light chains in the atria of children with congenital heart disease was demonstrated by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, and Western blot analysis. Ventricular myosin light chains were present in 27% of biopsies from 91 children with different forms of congenital heart disease. Perimembranous ventricular septal defects and tetralogy of Fallot were associated with the presence of ventricular myosin light chains in 50% of patients. The presence of ventricular myosin light chains in these atria did not correlate with pressure or volume overload. Analysis of myosin heavy chain isotype in the same biopsies by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, peptide mapping, and Western blot analysis indicated that there was no detectable expression of ventricular myosin heavy chain (beta-subunit), suggesting that the genes for the myosin heavy chains and light chains are not expressed coordinately.
Topography of Cognition: Parallel Distributed Networks in Primate Association Cortex
Authors: P S Goldman-Rakic
Journal: Annual Review of Neuroscience (1988)

The brain's default mode network consists of discrete, bilateral and symmetrical cortical areas, in the medial and lateral parietal, medial prefrontal, and medial and lateral temporal cortices of the human, nonhuman primate, cat, and rodent brains. Its ...Read More
Studies of the function of natural killer-interferon system in patients with Sjögren syndrome.
Authors: N Minato, A Takeda, S Kano, F Takaku
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

The natural killer (NK)-interferon (IFN) system is shown to be significantly involved in the resistance of host to viral infections and to tumours in numbers of animal models (1-4). The patients with Sjögren syndrome (SS) as well as those with collagen diseases were systematically investigated for the functions of NK-IFN system, including endogenous and augmented NK activity, IFN production, and responsiveness of NK cells to IFN stimulation, using virus persistently infected cells (heLa-measles cells) as target and stimulator cells. Although endogenous NK activity was not reduced, augmented NK activity by HeLa-measles cells in vitro was significantly depressed in patients with SS compared with that in age-matched normal controls. The patients with SS had also impaired capacity to produce IFN, which is shown to be a major factor regulating NK activity (5,6) in response to HeLa-measles cells in vitro. In three patients with SS who showed severely depressed NK activity, the effect of exogenous IFN was examined, and virtually no augmentation of NK activity was observed in all cases. Under the same condition, the normal controls demonstrated a dramatic increase in NK activity. The reduced IFN production was observed in all examined patients with SS, whereas impaired augmentation of NK activity by the stimulation with HeLa-measles cells as well as IFN seemed to be more striking in patients with the systemic manifestations of the disease, such as hypergammaglobulinemia and lymphoid hyperplasia. The possible involvement of dysfunction of NK-IFN system in the systemic manifestations of SS is discussed.