tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exercise and the Heart in Health and Disease
Authors: Roy J. Shephard, Henry S. Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Physiological, Biochemical, and Psychological Responses to Exercise and Physical Activity, Roy J. ShephardAssessment of Exercise Capacity and Principles of Exercise Prescription, Jack M. GoodmanChildren and Physical Activity, Linda D. ZwirenExercise Testing and Training in the Middle-Aged, Roy J. ShephardExercise in the Old and Very Old, Roy J. ShephardExercise, Hypertrophy, and Cardiomyopathy in Young and Older Athletes, Roy J. ShephardExercise and the Female Cardiac Patient, Jack M. Goodman and Lori D. KirwinExercise Programs for Middle-Aged and Older Women, Roy J. ShephardGeneral Principles of Exercise Testing and Training in a Cardiac Population, Henry S. Miller, Jr., Peter H. Brubaker, and Jason L. FoxThe Prevention and Treatment of Coronary Disease: The Case for Exercise, Henry S. Miller, Jr., and Ralph S. Paffenbarger, Jr.Sudden Cardiac Death and Exercise in Healthy Adults, Jack M. GoodmanExercise Therapy in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease, Gary J. Balady and Debra L. ShermanExercise Prescription in the Rehabilitation of Patients Following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery and Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty, Carl Foster, Katharina Meyer, and Lisa L. HectorExercise in the Prevention and Management of Diabetes Mellitus and Blood Lipid Disorders, Arthur S. LeonExercise Training in Patients with Heart Failure, L. Kent SmithExercise Therapy in Cardiac Transplant Patients, Terence KavanaghExercise and Hypertension, Charles M. TiptonThe Role of Exercise in the Detection and Treatment of Peripheral Vascular Disease, R. James BernardExercise and Cardiopulmonary Fitness in Individuals with Spinal Cord Injury, Roger M. Glaser, Thomas W. J. Janssen, and David B. ShusterThe Effect of Cardioactive Drugs on Exercise Testing and Training, Nanette Kass WengerThe Psychosocial Benefits of Exercising, Wayne M. SotileThe Costs and Benefits of Exercise Programs in Secondary and Tertiary Rehabilitation, Roy J. Shephard
Screening for colorectal cancer
Authors: S. J. Winawer
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Colorectal cancer is a good candidate for secondary prevention strategies. It appears to have a long lead time since most, if not all, of these cancers arise from premalignant adenomas, and several screening methods are available that might detect the cancer in a very early stage. However, there is little evidence at present to show that the available methods of early detection will actually decrease the mortality from colorectal cancer of a screened population as compared to a non-screened population. Studies that might convincingly provide this evidence are still in progress. This paper critically reviews the natural history of colorectal cancer, risk factors, screening trials and treatment.
Interleukin-1 from epithelial cells fosters T cell-dependent skin inflammation
Authors: J. Renne, V. Schäfer, T. Werfel, M. Wittmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are characterized by the infiltration of lymphocytes into the epidermal compartment. Several studies point to an active role of skin epithelial cells in the pathophysiology of such diseases. Objectives In this study we addressed the regulatory function of primary human keratinocytes in the interaction with autologous T cells and monocytes. Methods We used a human coculture model with keratinocytes grown from epidermal stem cells of the outer root sheath of human hair follicles and autologous T cells. Results In our coculture system we observed a high production of interferon (IFN)-γ, but not Th2 cytokines, in the presence of superantigen or antigen-pulsed autologous monocytes. Critical parameters for this effect were: (i) T-cell receptor activation, (ii) an intercellular adhesion molecule-1/lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1-dependent interaction between keratinocytes and T cells, and (iii) secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β. Remarkably, in the presence of activated T cells, epithelial cells seemed to be a more significant source of IL-1β than monocytes. Application of the LFA-1 blocker efalizumab or IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra enabled us to suppress completely the production of IFN-γ by T cells in the coculture. Conclusions IL-1 secretion and the physical contact between keratinocytes and activated, infiltrating T cells may be central for the development of chronic inflammatory skin conditions.
Men's Work
Authors: C F Garfield
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Flowers in a Rococo Vase
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phase Ib/II dose-escalation trial evaluating the safety and tolerability of EPO906 plus capecitabine in patients with advanced cancer
Authors: H. Dumez, A. T. Van Oosterom, J. D. Rothermel, R. Mull, A. H. Calvert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

2093 Background: EPO906, a novel epothilone, is a microtubule stabilizer that causes growth arrest in a wide variety of human tumor cell lines. EPO906 has demonstrated clinical cytotoxic activity in taxane-sensitive, -resistant, and -refractory tumors and is associated with a low incidence of hematologic toxicity. Data from a phase I study indicated that EPO906 in combination with capecitabine may be active in patients (pts) with advanced cancers. We conducted a phase Ib/II study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of EPO906 and evaluate the safety and tolerability of EPO906 in combination with capecitabine. Methods: Eligible pts had advanced cancer, evaluable disease, and a performance status ≤ 2. Pts received EPO906 starting at 0.5 mg/m2 via 5-min IV infusion once weekly for 3 wks and concurrent capecitabine 1,250 mg/m2 orally twice daily during wks 2 and 3, followed by 1 wk of rest. EPO906 doses were increased by 0.5-mg/m2 increments to 2.5 mg/m2 or until the MTD was reached. Results: To date, 24 pts have been enrolled in 4 cohorts treated with EPO906 0.5 mg/m2 (n = 7), 1.0 mg/m2 (n = 8), 1.5 mg/m2 (n = 5), and 2.0 mg/m2 (n = 4). Median age was 54 yrs (range, 31 - 75 yrs). Dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was experienced by only 1 of 6 evaluable pts treated at 1.0 mg/m2 (diarrhea, stomatitis), thus the dose was increased to 2.0 mg/m2. At this dose, 3 of 4 pts experienced DLT (diarrhea, nausea, anorexia, small bowel obstruction), indicating that 2.0 mg/m2 exceeded the MTD. Pts were enrolled in a cohort with an intermediate dose of 1.5 mg/m2. Two of 4 evaluable pts treated at 1.5 mg/m2 experienced DLT; this dose is the MTD. Most common adverse events (any grade) were nausea and diarrhea (experienced by 75% and 62.5% of pts, respectively). Only 3 pts (12.5%) experienced a grade 3 or 4 hematologic event. Preliminary tumor assessment shows 10 pts with stable disease (SD), and 2 pts each with rectal and renal cancer had SD with durations of 3 or 4+ and 3+ or 14+ months, respectively. Conclusion: EPO906 in combination with capecitabine is generally safe and well tolerated. Preliminary data suggest that this regimen may be active in pts with advanced cancers. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Anormed, Inc.; Novartis Pharma AG; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. Gilead; Novartis Pharma AG; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Gilead; Novartis Pharma AG; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. Ross Communications Novartis; Amgen; Aventis; Roche; Schering-Plough; PharmaMar; Pfizer
Options for Increasing the Supply of Living Organ Donors—Reply
Authors: Francis L. Delmonico
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AIDS and Other Manifestations of HIV Infection
Authors: Stephen J. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1993)

A dozen years after the recognition of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic, the devastation caused by the infection and subsequent immunodeficiency continues unabated. The victims live in pain and fear, depressed and poor, lonely and lost. Health care professionals who care are quickly overwhelmed by the enormity of this calamity, and burnout is often a result. We are barraged by an avalanche of information and advice about the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in professional journals, in the print media, and on television. Most health professionals have multiple responsibilities and little extra time and are finding that it is increasingly difficult to keep up with all the new information. The developments in the field are so rapid that one wonders if a new textbook is really the best way to disseminate information, since delays in publication almost always make the book outdated. We were pleasantly surprised to find that this
CagA C-terminal variations in Helicobacter pylori strains from Colombian patients with gastric precancerous lesions
Authors: L.A. Sicinschi, P. Correa, R.M. Peek, M.C. Camargo, M.B. Piazuelo, J. Romero-Gallo, S.S. Hobbs, U. Krishna, A. Delgado, R. Mera, L.E. Bravo, B.G. Schneider
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Undergraduate Medical Education and the Foundation of Physician Professionalism
Authors: Darrell G. Kirch, Maryellen E. Gusic, Cori Ast
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interleukin‐17+CD8+ T Cells Are Enriched in the Joints of Patients With Psoriatic Arthritis and Correlate With Disease Activity and Joint Damage Progression
Authors: Bina Menon, Nicola J. Gullick, Gina J. Walter, Megha Rajasekhar, Toby Garrood, Hayley G. Evans, Leonie S. Taams, Bruce W. Kirkham
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is associated with HLA class I genes, in contrast to the association with HLA class II in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Since IL-17+ cells are considered important mediators of synovial inflammation, we sought to determine whether IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells may be found in the joints of patients with PsA and whether these cells might contribute to the disease process.
Abstract P048: The Association Between Apparent Treatment Resistant Hypertension and Low Mental and Physical Functioning, Depressive Symptoms, and Stress.
Authors: Samantha Bromfield, Daichi Shimbo, Keith Diaz, John Booth, David Calhoun, Ryan Irvin, Marie Krousel-Wood, Nicole Redmond, Suzanne Oparil, Paul Muntner
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. There are few data on the association between aTRH, health-related quality of life and psychological well-being. In the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study (n=30,239), we evaluated the association between aTRH and low health-related quality of life, high stress, and depressive symptoms. Also, among those with aTRH we assessed the association of these psychological factors with all-cause mortality. Low mental and physical functioning were defined by SF-12 scores in the lowest quintile for the mental and physical component scores, respectively. High stress was defined as having a Cohen’s Perceived Stress score ≥ 7. Depressive symptoms were defined as having a Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression score ≥ 4. aTRH was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg despite the use of 3 classes of antihypertensive medication or use of 4 or more classes of antihypertensive medication regardless of blood pressure level. Of the 13,961 REGARDS participants with hypertension included in this analysis 1,954 (14.0%) had aTRH. Low physical functioning was more common among those with versus without aTRH (Table 1). The prevalence of low mental functioning, high stress and depressive symptoms was not significantly different between those with and without aTRH. Among those with aTRH, low physical functioning and depressive symptoms were associated with all-cause mortality after multivariable adjustment [adjusted hazard ratio (95% CI), 1.34 (1.07-1.67); p=0.010 and 1.38 (1.04-1.85); p=0.029, respectively]. In contrast, low mental functioning and high stress were not associated with all-cause mortality. In summary, participants with versus without aTRH have a higher prevalence of low physical functioning, which was also associated with a higher mortality rate.
Abstract 75: PKR cooperates with an MDS driver mutation to worsen cytopenias and promote acute leukemia
Authors: Michael T. Byrne, Richard L. Bennett, Xiaodong Cheng, W. Stratford May
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The interferon-inducible, dsRNA-dependent protein kinase, PKR, is activated by cellular stresses to inhibit protein synthesis and initiate apoptosis. Recently, we reported that expressing human PKR (TgPKR) in mouse hematopoietic tissues induced peripheral blood cytopenias and dysplastic changes in the bone marrow. Additionally, these findings were associated with reduced numbers of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) consistent with a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)-like phenotype. We have now tested whether TgPKR expression in HSPCs may cooperate with the Nup98-HoxD13 (NHD13) driver transgene. This NHD13 transgene induces a highly penetrant form of MDS with progression to acute leukemia in mice. TgPKR or PKR knockout (PKRKO) mice were crossed with the NHD13 transgenic mouse to generate TgPKR-NHD13 and PKRKO-NHD13 mice that were aged. The development of pancytopenia/MDS and evolution to acute leukemia were compared to NHD13 mice or to normal WT control mice. Beginning at 5 months and persisting through 8 months of age, the TgPKR-NHD13 mice developed reduced WBC and platelet counts compared to NHD13 controls (WBC mean 2.6 vs. 3.5 x103 cells/µl, [p: &amp;lt; 0.01], and mean platelet counts of 576.9 vs. 814.3 x103 platelets/µl). Both cell types were significantly lower than WT controls. By contrast, PKRKO-NHD13 mice maintained higher WBC counts beginning at age 6 months (n=4) compared to NHD13 controls (n=13) (mean 7 vs. 2.5 x103 cells/µl, [6 mos.], 11.6 vs. 3.7 x103 cells/µl [7 mos.], 9.62 vs. 3.5 x103 cells/µl [8 mos.], p: &amp;lt;0.05). To date, 1 of 13 of the NHD13 mice, aged 7-10 months, has developed acute leukemia. Of the TgPKR-NHD13 mice, 7 of 18 have died due to either acute leukemia (4/7), MDS with anemia requiring euthanasia (1/7), or due to unknown causes (2/7). By contrast, none of the PKRKO-NHD13 (n = 19) or WT mice (n= 11), both aged up to 9 months, have developed symptomatic MDS requiring euthanasia or acute leukemia These data indicate that PKR may cooperate with the NHD13 driver oncogenic mutation to create a more aggressive MDS-like phenotype characterized by deeper peripheral blood cytopenias and an increased rate of evolution to AML. Alternatively, inhibition of PKR expression/activation may delay or forestall evolution of MDS/AML in the NHD13 background. These findings suggest that PKR may be a potential novel therapeutic target in the treatment of MDS and its evolution to acute leukemia. Citation Format: Michael T. Byrne, Richard L. Bennett, Xiaodong Cheng, W. Stratford May. PKR cooperates with an MDS driver mutation to worsen cytopenias and promote acute leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 75. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-75
Abstract 15038: A Universal Aptamer Chimera for the Delivery of Functional MicroRNA-126
Authors: Jan-Hendrik Rohde, Julia Weigand, Beatrix Suess, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Circulation (2014)

MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate many diseases including vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and cancer. MiR-126 is important for endothelial cell (EC) signaling, protects against atherosclerosis but reduces tumor angiogenesis by interfering with the paracrine release of pro-angiogenic signals in breast cancer cells. The overexpression of miR-126 therefore would be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of cardiovascular disease or cancer. Here, we report a novel strategy to deliver miR-126 to cells. For that purpose, we used aptamers, which can specifically bind to surface receptors and can deliver siRNAs. We first tested two different aptamers and showed that particularly the transferrin receptor aptamer (TRA) is efficiently taken up by EC. Next, we tested three different linking strategies to attach the mature or the pre-miR-126 to the transferrin receptor aptamer (TRA) for delivery. Linking the precursor of miR-126 (pre-miR-126) to TRA by annealing of a complementary stick (Ch3) displayed...
Abstract 19756: QTC Intervals Can Be Monitored With the AliveCor Heart Monitor in Patients on Dofetilide for Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Kimberly D Guise, Eugene H Chung
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  In patients with persistent atrial fibrillation, dofetilide is an effective means of rhythm control. Recommended routine surveillance of dofetilide therapy includes measurement of the QTC interval every 3 months along with reassessment of kidney function. Such frequent visits can be onerous for patients. The AliveCor heart monitor is a novel smartphone application and tool that permits easily accessible generation of a rhythm strip that is the equivalent of Lead I on a 12-lead ECG. We assessed the feasibility and reliability of AliveCor tracings for QTC assessment in patients undergoing in-hospital dofetilide loading.   Methods:  Five consecutive patients with a history of persistent AF were included in this pilot study. The AliveCor tracings were performed in sinus rhythm to facilitate QTC measurements and compared to the QTC on corresponding ECGs performed that same day. All patients had received at least one dose of dofetilide. The standard two-handed measurement was chosen owing to the ease of use by the patients: this creates the equivalent of Lead I. On each AliveCor tracing and ECG, three consecutive QT intervals and their corresponding RR intervals were measured to calculate the average QTC. On the ECG, either Lead II or V5 was used to measure the QT intervals.   Results:  An example of one patient’s AliveCor tracing and ECG is shown in the Figure. There was no significant difference between the AliveCor QTC and ECG QTC for any of the 5 patients (all 20msec or less different).   Conclusions:  We believe we are reporting the first cases demonstrating that the AliveCor heart monitor can be used to reliably monitor the QTC interval in patients receiving dofetilide. AliveCor may reduce the clinic visit burden for these patients. Our future work will focus on applying this technology to the outpatient setting.
HIV positive mothers who breast feed may die sooner
Authors: Samena Chaudhry
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Mothers who are HIV-1 positive in developing countries and who breast feed may be three times more likely to die within two years of giving birth than mothers who use formula milk, a study has concluded (Lancet 2001:357;1634-55).

In a randomised trial, 425 women at 32 weeks' gestation, were allocated either to breast feed or to use formula feed. After delivery the mothers and their infants were followed up …