tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase II trial of docetaxel in patients with stage III and IV non-small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: P A Francis, J R Rigas, M G Kris, K M Pisters, J P Orazem, K J Woolley, R T Heelan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

This phase II study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of docetaxel in the treatment of patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Docetaxel was administered to 29 patients with unresectable stage III and IV NSCLC at a dose of 100 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) over 1 hour every 21 days. No premedication was given to the first 16 patients. Premedication with diphenhydramine was instituted for the remainder. No patient had previously received chemotherapy. Seven patients had undergone prior radiation therapy.All patients were assessable for response and toxicity. Eleven of 29 patients (38%) had a major objective response (95% confidence interval, 21% to 58%). The median duration of response was 5.3 months. Febrile neutropenia occurred in 41% of patients and in 11% of 134 courses of docetaxel. Nonhematologic toxicities included infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions, fluid retention, rash, alopecia, and sensory neuropathy. Premedication with diphenhydramine did not decrease the incidence of infusion-related hypersensitivity reactions.At this dose and schedule, docetaxel demonstrates significant antitumor activity in patients with advanced NSCLC. Further investigations of this agent in NSCLC are indicated.
Rhodium (II) Butyrate: A Potential Anticancer Drug With Cell Cycle Phase-Specific Effects in HeLa Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Potu N. Rao, Marion L. Smith, Sen Pathak, Robert A. Howard, John L. Bear
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Rhodium (II) Butyrate: A Potential Anticancer Drug With Cell Cycle Phase-Specific Effects in HeLa Cells Get access Potu N. Rao, Potu N. Rao 3Department of Developmental Therapeutics, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marion L. Smith, Marion L. Smith 3Department of Developmental Therapeutics, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Texas Medical Center, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sen Pathak, Sen Pathak 4Department of Biology, The University of Texas System Cancer Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Texas Medical Center. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert A. Howard, Robert A. Howard 5Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Tex. 77004. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John L. Bear John L. Bear 5Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Tex. 77004. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 4, April 1980, Pages 905–912, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.4.905 Published: 01 April 1980 Article history Received: 27 June 1979 Accepted: 06 October 1979 Published: 01 April 1980
Molecular Subsetting of Interferon Pathways in Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: John C. Hall, Alan N. Baer, Ami A. Shah, Lindsey A. Criswell, Caroline H. Shiboski, Antony Rosen, Livia Casciola‐Rosen
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective Sjögren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that targets the salivary and lacrimal glands. While all patients demonstrate inflammatory infiltration and abnormal secretory function in the target tissues, the disease features, pathology, and clinical course can vary. Activation of distinct inflammatory pathways may drive disease heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether activation of the interferon (IFN) pathway correlates with key phenotypic features. Methods Clinical data and 1 labial salivary gland (stored frozen) were obtained from each of 82 participants (53 patients with primary SS and 29 control subjects) in the Sjögren's International Collaborative Clinical Alliance (SICCA) registry. Salivary gland lysates were immunoblotted with markers of type I or type II IFN, and patterns of IFN activity were determined by hierarchical clustering. Correlations between SS phenotypic features and IFN activity in the salivary gland were performed. Results A total of 58% of the SS participants had high IFN activity and differed significantly from those with low IFN activity (higher prevalence of abnormal findings on sialometry, leukopenia, hyperglobulinemia, high‐titer antinuclear antibody, anti‐SSA, and high focus score on labial salivary gland [LSG] biopsy). Three distinct patterns of IFN were evident: type I–predominant, type II–predominant, and type I/II mixed IFN. These groups were clinically indistinguishable except for the LSG focus score, which was highest in those with type II–predominant IFN. Conclusion The SS phenotype includes distinct molecular subtypes, which are segregated by the magnitude and pattern of IFN responses. Associations between IFN pathways and disease activity suggest that IFNs are relevant therapeutic targets in SS. Patients with distinct patterns of high IFN activity are clinically similar, demonstrating that IFN‐targeting therapies must be selected according to the specific pathway(s) that is active in vivo in the individual patient.
Contemporary Intravesical Treatment Options for Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder
Authors: Stephen A. Brassell, Ashish M. Kamat
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2006)

To provide a comprehensive review of intravesical treatment options for non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer, we performed a search of the PubMed database for articles between 1980 and 2006 that reported on intravesical agents for treating this disease. Data were compiled and analyzed, emphasizing findings from large multicenter trials, studies providing reproducible results, data that could be confirmed by cross-referencing the literature, and phase I or II studies for pertinent novel agents. A critical analysis of evidence shows that: 1) treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), including a maintenance schedule (with or without interferon-α), is the most effective therapy for limiting recurrence, is the only therapy that reduces the incidence of progression, and overall is superior to chemotherapy; 2) mitomycin C, gemcitabine, anthracyclines, and thiotepa provide similar benefits for preventing recurrence in patients with minimal effect on progression; and 3) using chemotherapeutic agents immediately after transurethral resection (when use of BCG is contraindicated because of the risk for systemic absorption) reduces the recurrence rate by up to 50% and seems to be the ideal method of chemotherapy. Although various clinical factors dictate which agent is most appropriate for an individual patient, the current literature supports a single perioperative dose of intravesical mitomycin C followed, in appropriate cases, by induction and maintenance therapy with intravesical BCG.
Iodine 131 antiferritin, a new treatment modality in hepatoma: a Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study.
Authors: S E Order, G B Stillwagon, J L Klein, P K Leichner, S S Siegelman, E K Fishman, D S Ettinger, T Haulk, K Kopher, K Finney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

One hundred five patients with hepatoma were treated with iodine 131 antiferritin in three sequential protocols in phase 1-2 trials. Therapy began in all trials with external beam irradiation and chemotherapy. The dosimetric results with 131I antiferritin indicated that 30 mCi (8 to 10 mCi/mg immunoglobulin G [IgG]) was sufficient to saturate the tumor. Tumor-effective half-life of the radioactive antibody was 3 to 5 days and was dependent on the species of animal from which the antibody was derived. This led to a 30 mCi on day 0 and 20 mCi on day 5 treatment schedule. Toxicity was predominantly thrombocytopenia. Due to clinical remission, cyclic therapy was next developed with antibodies from different species of animals. Rabbit, pig, monkey, and bovine antibodies were determined to produce the longest tumor-effective half-life and therefore the highest dose of radiation. Integration of 15 mg doxorubicin and 500 mg 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with 131I antiferritin was accomplished next. Remission to external beam radiation was evaluated by computed tomography (CT) scan tumor volume computations that indicated that 22% of the patients had a partial remission (PR) from initial presentation to 1 month following external irradiation and chemotherapy. From the time of radioactive antibody administration, 48% of the patients (7% complete response [CR] and 41% PR) achieved remission to 131I antiferritin. Of 79 patients evaluated by CT scan tumor volumetrics 50% of the patients (7% CR and 43% PR) remitted to the entire treatment regimen. Patients not previously treated and without metastasis who were alpha fetoprotein positive (AFP+) had a 5-month median survival compared with AFP- median survival of 10 1/2 months. There were four CRs with one being 3 years and 6 months. The longest PR was 5 years and 8 months. These studies have demonstrated the toxicity and therapeutic activity of 131I antiferritin and the emerging role of radiolabelled antibody in cancer therapy.
Carcinogenicity of Butylated Hydroxyanisole in F344 Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N Ito, S Fukushima, A Hagiwara, M Shibata, T Ogiso
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Carcinogenicity of Butylated Hydroxyanisole in F344 Rats Get access Nobuyuki Ito, Nobuyuki Ito Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Shoji Fukushima, Shoji Fukushima Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Akihiro Haqlwara, Akihiro Haqlwara Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Michiko Shibata, Michiko Shibata Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tadashi Ogiso Tadashi Ogiso Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 70, Issue 2, February 1983, Pages 343–352, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/70.2.343 Published: 01 February 1983 Article history Received: 14 May 1982 Accepted: 21 September 1982 Published: 01 February 1983
EPITOME-4, a phase 3b study evaluating a new formulation of epoprostenol sodium in pulmonary arterial hypertension following switch from Flolan®
Authors: Yuichi Tamura, Tomohiko Ono, Keiichi Fukuda, Toru Satoh, Shigetake Sasayama
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Rationale: Classical intravenous epoprostenol sodium (Flolan®) is used for treating pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). A new epoprostenol sodium formulation with arginine and sucrose excipients (epoprostenol AS), improving stability at room temperature, has been developed to improve quality of life. The primary objective was to evaluate safety and tolerability of switching from Flolan® to epoprostenol AS.  Methods: This was a two-site, open label, single-arm phase 3b study. Eight adult Japanese PAH patients treated with Flolan® on a stable dose were switched to epoprostenol AS, and followed for 12 weeks. Changes from baseline to 12 weeks were evaluated for hemodynamic parameters. Treatment satisfaction was assessed by the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM-9).  Results: The mean age was 48 years and 7 patients were female. There were no unexpected safety or tolerability concerns after switching up to Week 12. The dosage of the study treatment was maintained after switching. In terms of pulmonary hemodynamics, the Wilcoxon signed rank sum test did not reveal any significant differences in change from baseline to Week 12 at the 5% level.  Treatment satisfaction as assessed by TSQM-9 showed a significant improvement in terms of convenience.  Conclusions: Switching from Flolan® to epoprostenol AS at the same dosage was well tolerated up to Week 12. In addition, patient treatment satisfaction appeared to be improved with use of epoprostenol AS.
Self-reported sleep quality in IPF
Authors: Carlo Vancheri, Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Philippe Bonniaud, Bruno Crestani, Andreas Guenther, Athol Wells
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disorder of unknown origin, which ultimately leads to death. Sleep disturbances have been reported in patients with IPF but sleep quality has not been extensively evaluated in such patients.  Methods  Data from the eurIPFreg, a European Registry for IPF and other IIPs, were used. The patient´s questionnaire from 350 patients with IPF, 34 with NSIP, 36 with sarcoidosis and 33 with EAA was used to determine the prevalence of disturbed sleeping and the Epworth scale score. Data from 69 patients with COPD and 36 with lung cancer were also analysed. These were correlated with clinical, functional and echocardiographic parameters.  Results  A disturbed sleep was reported in 31,4 % of the IPF patients and 13% of these had an Epworth Score ≥ 10. A concurrent diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was reported by the physicians in 9,6 % of the cases. No correlation between self-reported sleep disturbances (SRSD) and Epworth score or a diagnosis of sleep apnea was found. SRSD correlated with increased fatigue (p= 0,030), clinical signs of right heart failure (p=0,023) and with increased NYHA Class (p=0,048). There was no correlation, however, between SPRD and lung function or echocardiographic parameters. An OSA diagnosis among patients with IPF was associated with increased systolic pulmonary artery pressure (p  The prevalence of SRSD was similar among patients in all interstitial lung disease groups. In addition, no difference was found in SRSD between IPF, other ILD, and lung cancer or COPD patients.  Implications  Our results suggest that disturbed sleep quality is a common symptom among patients with IPF, but also with other lung diseases.
ROS-Induced CXCR4 Signaling Regulates Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) Cell Survival and Drug Resistance in the Bone Marrow Microenvironment via Autophagy
Authors: Zheng Chen, Albert E. Teo, Nami McCarty
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Patients with advanced stages of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) have a poor prognosis after standard therapies. MCL cells in those patients often spread into tissues other than lymph nodes, such as the bone marrow. Apart from directed migration and homing, there is little understanding of the function of the CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling axis in MCL. In this report, we aim to understand mechanisms of MCL cell survival in the bone marrow.For comprehensive analyses of MCL interactions with bone marrow stromal cells, we have generated gene knockout cells using CRISPR-CAS9 system and gene knockdown cells to reveal novel roles of the CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling.CXCR4 silencing in MCL cells led to a significant reduction in proliferation, cell adhesion to bone marrow stromal cells, and colony formation in PHA-LCM methylcellulose medium, which were reversed upon the addition of SDF-1-neutralizing antibodies. In addition, tracking MCL cell engraftment in vivo revealed that quiescent MCL cells are significantly reduced in the bone marrow upon CXCR4 silencing, indicating that CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling is required for the survival and maintenance of the quiescent MCL cells. Further analysis revealed novel mechanisms of ROS-induced CXCR4/SDF-1 signaling that stimulate autophagy formation in MCL cells for their survival.Our data, for the first time, revealed new roles of the CXCR/SDF-1 signaling axis on autophagy formation in MCL, which further promoted their survival within the bone marrow microenvironment. Targeting the CXCR4/SDF-1/autophagy signaling axis may contribute to an enhanced efficacy of current therapies.
Abstract 13757: Dilated Ascending Aorta in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Incidence and Predictors
Authors: Fadi Asfahan, Nicholas G Smedira, Ashwat Dhillon, Maran THamilarasan, Bruce Lytle, Harry Lever, Milind Y Desai
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: In many hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients, we observed that the proximal ascending aorta (AA) is dilated. We sought to determine the frequency & potential predictors of dilated AA in HCM patients.

Methods: We studied 267 consecutive HCM patients, ≥18 years (68% men) that underwent clinical, echo and contrast-enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) assessment at a single center. Maximal (resting or provocable) left ventricular outflow tract gradient (LVOTG) was recorded on echo; LV mass recorded on CMR. True short-axis proximal AA (also aortic root) dimensions were measured using multiple CMR sequences. Expected aortic root dimensions, based on age, gender & height were calculated using the following formula: 1.519 + (age [years] х 0.010) + (height [cm] х 0.010)-(gender [1=man, 2=woman] х 0.247). If difference between actual & expected measurement was more than the product of 1.96 x 0.215 (standard error of mean for above equation), the root was considered dilated.

Results: There were 49% hypertensives, 82% on betablockers & 28% on calcium blockers. Mean LV ejection fraction, LVOTG, LV thickness, LV mass, aortic root & AA dimensions were 63±5%, 105±51 mm Hg, 2±0.5 cm, 207±71 g, 3.1±0.5 cm & 3.2±0.5 cm, while 0.7% had ≥II+ aortic regurgitation. Dilated proximal AA was seen in 36 (14%) patients. After adjustment for age, gender & height, dilated AA was seen in 20 (8%) patients. Logistic regression analysis demonstrating the predictors of dilated AA (absolute as well as adjusted dimensions) are shown in Figures a-b.

Conclusions: Dilation of proximal AA is frequently seen in HCM patients, & attention to AA should be paid during HCM evaluation. Hypertension is an independent predictor of dilated AA. Whether AA dilation represents a concomitant aortopathy or a secondary adaptive phenomenon remains to be elucidated.

   ![][1]  [1]: /embed/graphic-1.gif
Spontaneous haemopneumothorax: a rare clinical entity
Authors: P Baas, J Stam
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1991)

A 39 yr old man presented with a spontaneous pneumothorax. On initial pleural drainage 120 ml of haemorrhagic fluid were collected. Twenty four hours, after re-expansion of the lung, shock developed and 1,200 ml of haemorrhagic fluid were spontaneously collected. The diagnosis haemopneumothorax was considered and at operation a bleeding vessel, which originated from the parietal pleura, was located and coagulated. The occurrence of an air fluid line at radiological examination, the development of a haemorrhagic pleural effusion and shock should alert the physician of this entity. This case stresses the importance of early recognition and surgical intervention because of the possible lethal evolution.
Diagnosing small bowel Crohn's disease with wireless capsule endoscopy * Authors' reply
Authors: K Schulmann
Journal: Gut (2003)

We read the article by Fireman et al ( Gut2003;52:390–2 [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] ) with great interest. We agree that full visualisation and imaging of the entire length of the small bowel is unsatisfactory at present and that capsule endoscopy (CE) is a novel technique and can be considered as a promising new approach for the diagnosis of obscure disease located in the small bowel. The authors diagnosed Crohn's disease (CD) in 12 of 17 patients with clinically suspected CD according to the findings of CE. The authors state that the majority of diagnostic lesions were located in the distal ileum. At least one colonoscopy had been performed prior to CE in 15 of 17 patients. Unfortunately, the investigators do not report whether or not they were able to explore the terminal ileum in all of … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DGut%26rft.stitle%253DGut%26rft.issn%253D0017-5749%26rft.aulast%253DFireman%26rft.auinit1%253DZ%26rft.volume%253D52%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D390%26rft.epage%253D392%26rft.atitle%253DDiagnosing%2Bsmall%2Bbowel%2BCrohn%2527s%2Bdisease%2Bwith%2Bwireless%2Bcapsule%2Bendoscopy%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fgut.52.3.390%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F12584221%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=gutjnl&resid=52/3/390&atom=%2Fgutjnl%2F52%2F10%2F1531.3.atom
Abstract 294: Decreased Plasma Omega-3 to Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Ratio Associated with Apical Ballooning Syndrome (Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy -TTC)
Authors: Youichi Katoh, Show Nagamine, Takeshi Wada, Hiroyuki Isogai, Dai Ozaki, Ryosuke Shimai, Midori Kakihara, Hiroshige Yuu, Ken Yokoyama, Tetsuya Oigawa, Kenji Yaginuma, Yuji Nakazato
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) of the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) family plays important roles in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, while, arachidonic acid (AA) of the ω-6 PUFA family promotes inflammatory and prothrombotic influences. Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) is a heart syndrome associated with transient myocardial contractile dysfunction. Decreased endothelial function in response to acute mental stress has been reported in patients with a prior episode of TTC. However, the pathogenesis of TTC remains unclear and the relationship between TTC and EPA/AA ratio has not been elucidated. Methods and Results: This study consisted of 10 consecutive patients with clinically diagnosed TTC. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the plasma EPA/AA ratio and the early stage of clinically diagnosed TTC. To examine the plasma fatty acid level, blood samples were obtained from control, old myocardial infarction, and clinically diagnosed TTC patients. A clinically diagnosed TTC patients revealed a lower plasma EPA/AA ratio [Control patients, 0.58 (n=18) vs OMI patients, 0.38 (n=22) vs TTC patients, 0.12 (n=10), p=0.011]. High-sensitivity CRP levels and a low plasma EPA/AA ratio could independently predict the prevalence of TTC on multivariate logistic regression analysis [odds ratio 1.83 (95%CI 1.03-3.25), p=0.036 and odds ratio 2.05 (95%CI 1.12-3.92), p=0.02)]. Conclusion: In patients with TTC, a low plasma EPA/AA ratio was significantly associated with the early stage of clinically diagnosed TTC. The findings implicate lower EPA/AA ratio and the following endothelial dysfunction as a potential mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of this unique cardiomyopathy.