tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18574: Empagliflozin Reduces Systolic Blood Pressure in Dipper and Non-Dipper Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension
Authors: Robert Chilton, Ilkka Tikkanen, Susanne Crowe, Odd Erik Johansen, Uli C Broedl, Hans J Woerle, Thomas Hach
Journal: Circulation (2014)

In a Phase III randomized trial (EMPA-REG BP™), patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and hypertension (defined as mean seated office systolic blood pressure [SBP] 130-159 mmHg and diastolic BP [DBP] 80-99 mmHg at screening) received empagliflozin (EMPA) 10 mg (n=276), EMPA 25 mg (n=276) or placebo (PBO; n=271) once daily in the morning for 12 weeks (mean [SD] age 60.2 [9.0] yrs, HbA1c 7.90 [0.74] %, 24-h SBP 131.4 [12.3] mmHg, 24-h DBP 75.0 [7.8] mmHg). We assessed changes from baseline in SBP (mean 24-h, awake-time, sleep-time) via ambulatory BP monitoring at week 12 in patients categorized as dippers (sleep-time mean SBP ≤90% of awake-time mean; n=417) or non-dippers (sleep-time mean SBP &gt;90% of awake-time mean; n=350). Baseline mean (SD) 24-h SBP (mmHg) was 129.9 (11.6) in dippers and 133.1 (12.4) in non-dippers. Adjusted mean (SE) changes from baseline in mean 24-h SBP (mmHg) in dippers were -0.2 (0.7) with PBO vs -3.8 (0.6) and -3.9 (0.7) with EMPA 10 and 25 mg, respectively (both p&lt;0.001), and in non dippers were 1.0 (0.7) with PBO vs -1.6 (0.7) with EMPA 10 mg (p=0.013) and -3.8 (0.7) with EMPA 25 mg (p&lt;0.001). Hourly mean SBP patterns over 24 h for dippers and non-dippers were maintained with EMPA 25 mg (Figure) and 10 mg. Adjusted mean (SE) changes from baseline in awake-time SBP (mmHg) in dippers were -0.5 (0.7) with PBO vs -4.6 (0.7) with EMPA 10 and 25 mg (both p&lt;0.001), and in non dippers were 1.3 (0.8) with PBO vs -2.2 (0.8) with EMPA 10 mg (p=0.002) and -4.2 (0.7) with EMPA 25 mg (p&lt;0.001). Adjusted mean (SE) changes from baseline in sleep-time SBP (mmHg) in dippers were 0.4 (0.8) with PBO vs -2.6 (0.8) with EMPA 10 mg (p=0.007) and -2.2 (0.8) with EMPA 25 mg (p=0.022), and in non-dippers were 0.1 (0.9) with PBO vs -0.5 (0.9) with EMPA 10 mg (p=0.603) and -3.2 (0.8) with EMPA 25 mg (p=0.006). There were no apparent differences in heart rate with EMPA vs PBO in dippers or non-dippers. In patients with T2DM and hypertension, EMPA 10 mg and 25 mg significantly reduced SBP vs PBO in dippers and non-dippers.
GONOCOCCAL MYCOTIC ANEURYSM OF THE AORTA: REPORT OF A CASE SUPERIMPOSED UPON A SYPHILITIC AORTA
Authors: James H. Currens, James M. Faulkner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Case Reports1 July 1943GONOCOCCAL MYCOTIC ANEURYSM OF THE AORTA: REPORT OF A CASE SUPERIMPOSED UPON A SYPHILITIC AORTAJAMES H. CURRENS, M.D., JAMES M. FAULKNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.JAMES H. CURRENS, M.D., JAMES M. FAULKNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-1-155 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptMycotic aneurysms involving the aorta and smaller arteries have been reported not infrequently in the literature. Various organisms have been isolated from the site of the aneurysm including the hemolytic and non-hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus, pneumococcus,H. influenzaeand gonococcus. As a rule there is an associated endocarditis of the aortic or, less commonly, of the mitral valve, and it is supposed that the intima of the aorta becomes infected by secondary implantation from the valvular vegetations. A survey of the literature reveals nine cases of mycotic aneurysms resulting from gonococcal infection, which are summarized in table 1. We are reporting...Bibliography1. STENGELWOLFERTH ACC: Mycotic aneurysms of intravascular origin, Arch. Int. Med., 1923, xxxi, 527-554. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ASCHNER PW: Gonococcus aneurysms of the aorta, Libman Ann. Volumes, Vol. 1, 1932, 75-85. Google Scholar3. THAYER WS: On the cardiac complications of gonorrhoea, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1922, xxxiii, 361-372. Google Scholar4. LINDAU A: Aortitis gonorrhoica ulcerosa, Acta Path. et Microbiol., 1924, i, 263-275. Google Scholar5. REIFENSTEIN BW: Two cases of mycotic aneurysm, gonococcal and pneumococcal in origin, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1924, clxviii, 381-388. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. FLINT A: On cardiac murmurs, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1862, xliv, 29-54. Google Scholar7. HOYTWARREN LHHO: Gonorrheal endocarditis: a report of three cases, one treated with fever therapy, ANN. INT. MED., 1938, xii, 675-687. Google Scholar8. RIECKER HH: Gonococcic bacteremia with gonococcic endocarditis and aortitis, Am. Heart Jr., 1925, i, 191-195. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts*Received for publication March 6, 1941.From the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Second and Fourth Medical Services (Harvard), Boston City Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMycotic False Aneurysm of the Aorta Following Aortic Valvular ProsthesisClinical and Phonocardiographic Observations on the Flint Murmur 1 July 1943Volume 19, Issue 1Page: 155-162KeywordsAnatomical pathologyAneurysmsAortaEndocarditisHospital medicineNeisseria gonorrhoeaePneumococcusResearch laboratoriesStaphylococcusStreptococcus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Antibody-nanotube microelectronic device to detect live breast cancer cells in blood
Authors: Balaji Panchapakesan, Ning Shao, Eric Wickstrom
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

A3   Circulating tumor cells imply advanced diseases. Current methods for detecting circulating tumor cells require multiple technically demanding steps carried out by highly trained personnel. We hypothesized that single wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) devices might provide an accurate, sensitive, simple and swift alternative to detect human breast cancer cells in single drops of blood. SWCNT transistors fabricated by employing airbrushing, surface functionalization were optimized by dual ultrasonication and polymer coating to maximize their performance. Specific and non-specific antibodies were attached to the exterior surfaces of the SWCNTs to render them specific for target biomolecules. Devices were challenged with several cancerous/non-cancerous human cell lines. Individual specific cancer cells could be detected by monitoring the 60% reduction of the device conductance upon specific cell binding. Non-specific cancer cells exhibited less than 5% conductance drop. Specific pairs of cancer cells with their cognate antibodies showed more than 10 times change of conductance over non-specific pairs, illustrating the sensitivity and selectivity of the SWCNT-antibody device. We postulate that the free energy change due to multiple simultaneous cell-antibody binding events exerted stress along the nanotube surface, decreasing its electrical conductivity due to an increase in band gap. Because the free energy change upon cell-antibody binding, the stress exerted on the nanotube, and the change in conductivity are specific to a specific antigen-antibody interaction, these properties might be used as a fingerprint for molecular sensing of circulating cancer cells. From optical microscopy observations during sensing, it appears that the binding of a single cell to a single nanotube field effect transistor produced the change in electrical conductivity. Thus we report a nanoscale oncometer with single cell sensitivity that functions in a drop of fresh blood.This work was supported by DAMD W81XWH-06-1-0668, NSF CAREER award ECS 0546328, and NIH INBRE grant RR016472-06.
The role of NFκB in regulation of mitochondrial structure and function in cancer cells.
Authors: Roman Eliseev, Randy Rosier
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

4487 

The role of NFκB in regulation of mitochondrial structure and function in cancer cells. 

Roman A. Eliseev, Randy N. Rosier

NFκB is a ubiquitous transcription factor that is involved in a wide range of cellular responses to stimuli such as cytokines, UV and ionizing radiation, stress, and viral and bacterial antigens. NFκB modulates cell proliferation in many eukaryotic cells. Activation of NFκB has been shown in many types of cancer and is believed to render cells resistant to pro-apoptotic signals.

Our data suggest that certain types of human malignant cells, such as Saos2 osteosarcoma, PC3 prostate cancer and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer, demonstrating constitutive up-regulation of NFκB signaling also exhibit characteristic morphologic, molecular, and physiologic abnormalities in their mitochondria. When compared to non-malignant counterparts, mitochondria in these cells are fragmented, express higher amounts of proteins and contain higher number of copies of mtDNA, an indication of high proliferative status of mitochondria. These mitochondria are less functional as indicated by slower respiration rates and diminished membrane potential.

Constitutive inhibition of NFκB signaling achieved with overexpression of the NFκB super-repressor mIκB in these malignant cells restores morphologic integrity and functionality of mitochondria. Mitochondria in mIκB expressing cells form a network, decrease number of copies of mtDNA and respire more effectively. We here examine the molecular mechanisms of regulation of mitochondrial structure and function by NFκB and possible effects on cancer cell sensitivity to apoptosis.
Cyclo-oxygenase 2 and breast cancer prevention
Authors: H. Vainio, G. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A new interest in chemoprevention in oncology has been stimulated by good evidence that aspirin and to a lesser degree other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may have an important role in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer.1 One of the targets for the activity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is cyclo-oxygenase, the enzyme responsible for forming prostaglandins from arachidonic acid.2 At key stages of colorectal carcinogenesis non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, induce apoptosis, and block immunosuppression induced by prostaglandins, all of which help prevent cancer. With the discovery that there are two isoforms of cyclo-oxygenase the ultimate goal of preventive-therapeutic efficacy combined with good tolerability is within reach,3 and researchers are now considering the place of cyclo-oxygenase inhibition, and therefore of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in breast cancer.

Cyclo-oxygenase-1, the constitutive isoform, produces prostaglandins such …
Brief Communication: Evaluation of Dye Exclusion and Colony Inhibition Techniques for Detection of Polyoma-Specific, Cell-Mediated Immunity
Authors: O. L. Mullen, M. C. Dodd, J. P. Minton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Cellular immunity directed against polyoma virus-induced antigen was observed with C3H/HeJ splenic lymphoid cells from mice sensitized by a short-term immunization schedule with syngeneic polyoma 4198 and 4198V tumor cells. Polyoma specificity of the response was shown by demonstration that splenic cells from DBA/2J animals with polyoma virus-induced tumors were cytotoxic for the C3H 4198 and 4198V cells, but not for the L-M cell, another cell line of C3H origin. The polyoma-specific response in the syngeneic system was detectable with the dye exclusion assay but not with the colony inhibition procedure. Colony inhibition with the L-M cell was observed with sensitized lymphoid cells in both allogeneic and syngeneic systems.
CAT SCRATCH ENCEPHALITIS
Authors: T E THOMPSON, K F MILLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Case Reports1 July 1953CAT SCRATCH ENCEPHALITIST. EWING THOMPSON JR., M.D., KENNETH F. MILLER, M.D.T. EWING THOMPSON JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KENNETH F. MILLER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-39-1-146 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThere have been only a few reports of the neurologic manifestations of cat scratch disease. The first published case of encephalitis associated with cat scratch disease was made by Stevens.1In this instance the diagnosis was made in retrospect more than two and a half years after the acute illness, by means of a skin test with the antigen. Robert Debré et al. have reported convulsive seizures, respiratory paralysis, stupor, coma, muscle weakness and peripheral neuritis.2, 3These manifestations are unusual in this disease entity, where the usual course is involvement of the regional lymph nodes about three weeks following...Bibliography1. Stevens H: Cat-scratch fever encephalitis, Am. J. Dis. Child. 84: 218, 1952. Google Scholar2. DebréBogaertThieffryArthuis RLvSM: Accidents nerveux de la maladie des griffes du chat, Bull. Acad. nat. méd. Paris 136: 454, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. DanielsMacMurray WBFG: Cat scratch disease; nonbacterial regional lymphadenitis: a report of 60 cases, Ann. Int. Med. 37: 697, 1952. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication March 10, 1953. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBartonella, Including Cat-Scratch DiseaseBartonella, Including Cat-Scratch DiseaseHyperthermia, Fever and Infectious DiseasesMiyagawanellenCat-scratch disease with encephalopathyViral EncephalitisCat-scratch diseaseCAT-SCRATCH FEVERDie KatzenkratzkrankheitRECENT STUDIES ON THE DIAGNOSIS OF CAT SCRATCH FEVER*†SEYMOUR S. KALTER, JAMES E. PRIER, JOHN T. PRIORCat Scratch DiseaseCat-scratch disease associated with an osteolytic lesion 1 July 1953Volume 39, Issue 1Page: 146-151KeywordsAntigensComaEncephalitisEpileptic seizuresLymph nodesMusclesParalysisPulmonary diseasesSkin tests ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1953 PDF downloadLoading ...
Inspire lateral flexion: A new method to measure lateral spinal mobility in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA)
Authors: J Braun, R Cook, R Landewe, D D Gladman, R D Inman, W Maksymowych, P Mease, J Davis, D Van der Heijde, J Brandt, R B Vargas, Chandran, P Helliwell, A Kavanaugh, M Khan, F D O'Shea, N Pipitone, P Rahman, J D Reveille, M Stone, W Taylor, D Veale
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)
VHL is a target of WNT signaling and may regulate the angiogenic switch in colorectal carcinoma
Authors: Rachel H. Giles, Martijn P. Lolkema, Cristel Snijckers, Anita Jorna, Hans Clevers, Emile E. Voest
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

2594  Introduction: The acquisition of an angiogenic phenotype generally marks the adenoma to carcinoma transition in colorectal cancer (CRC). The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene (VHL, located on chromosome 3p) plays an important role in limiting transcription of pro-angiogenic factors through destabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor in an oxygen-dependent manner. As activated Wnt signaling is a hallmark of CRC in humans and mice we investigated the cross-talk between Wnt signaling and VHL. Materials and Methods: We performed standard molecular biology techniques and immunohistochemistry using commercial antibodies against HIF1α (Becton Dickinson), VHL (Pharmingen), and β-catenin (Transduction Labs). Material was derived from mice with specified genetic background or humans. Polyps and CRC material was mainly derived from FAP patients with known mutations in the Wnt signaling pathway. Results: Here we show that VHL is a Wnt signaling target in CRC-derived cell lines and other cellular systems tested. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry of mouse Vhl shows staining patterns characteristic of Wnt targets. Whereas Vhl expression is limited to the proliferative compartment at the bottom of normal mouse intestinal crypts, it is overexpressed in the intestinal polyps of Apc+/− mice. Accordingly, Vhl is strongly expressed in the proliferative intestinal pockets of Tcf4+/− embryos, although Vhl is completely absent from the pockets of Tcf4−/− littermates. Adult human intestines also indicate that VHL is a physiological Wnt target in the intestine and is overexpressed in pre-malignant polyps and adenomas. Interestingly, loss of chromosome 3p is commonly associated with the progression of CRC and VHL deletions have been reported in 64% of intestinal carcinomas but not in adenomas. We thus stained human CRC samples for the presence of VHL using immunohistochemistry. Remarkably, we observed that VHL expression was lost in less differentiated parts of carcinomas, indicating a role for VHL loss in later stages of tumor progression. Conclusions: These data indicate important cross-talk between VHL and Wnt signaling in the intestinal physiology as well as the pathophysiology of CRC. VHL loss could well represent an important factor in the angiogenic switch necessary for late stage tumor progression in CRC. Key words: VHL, WNT, colorectal carcinoma, angiogenesis
Recombinant human antithrombin III improves survival and attenuates inflammatory responses in baboons lethally challenged with Escherichia coli
Authors: M. C. Minnema, A. C. K. Chang, P. M. Jansen, Y. T. P. Lubbers, B. M. Pratt, B. G. Whittaker, F. B. Taylor, C. E. Hack, B. Friedman
Journal: Blood (2000)
Dramatic efficiency of pegylated interferon in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy
Authors: G. Le Guenno, L. Galicier, C. Fieschi, V. Meignin, A. Chabrol, E. Oksenhendler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Dramatic efficiency of pegylated interferon in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy Get access G. Le Guenno, G. Le Guenno Departments of Clinical Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Galicier, L. Galicier Departments of Clinical Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Fieschi, C. Fieschi Departments of Clinical Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Meignin, V. Meignin Pathology, Hôpital Saint Louis, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France E‐mail: g.leguenno@free.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Chabrol, A. Chabrol Departments of Clinical Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Oksenhendler E. Oksenhendler Departments of Clinical Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 1, 1 January 2011, Pages 213–215, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10051.x Published: 01 January 2011
Two Patterns of White Matter Abnormalities in Medication-Naive Patients With First-Episode Schizophrenia Revealed by Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Cluster Analysis
Authors: Huaiqiang Sun, Su Lui, Li Yao, Wei Deng, Yuan Xiao, Wenjing Zhang, Xiaoqi Huang, Junmei Hu, Feng Bi, Tao Li, John A. Sweeney, Qiyong Gong
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

<h3>Importance</h3> Accumulating evidence supports the hypothesis that cerebral white matter abnormalities are involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia; however, findings from in vivo neuroimaging studies have been inconsistent. Besides confounding factors, including age, illness duration, and medication effects, an additional cause for the inconsistent results may be heterogeneity in the nature of white matter alterations associated with the disorder. <h3>Objective</h3> To investigate whether different patterns of white matter abnormalities exist in a large cohort of medication-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia and the relationship between such patterns and clinical parameters. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> A cross-sectional diffusion tensor imaging study of 113 medication-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 110 demographically matched healthy control individuals. The study was conducted in the mental health center of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, from January 2006 to June 2014. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> The patterns of white matter abnormalities revealed by tract-specific analysis in conjunction with hierarchical clustering. <h3>Results</h3> With diffusion features extracted from 18 fiber tracts, cluster analysis revealed 2 patterns of abnormalities. One pattern (42.5% of patient sample) showed widespread white matter abnormalities compared with matched healthy control individuals, while another pattern (57.5% of patient sample) only showed circumscribed regional white matter abnormalities, mainly in the left superior longitudinal fasciculus. Patients in these subgroups did not differ in demographic features; however, negative symptoms were more severe in patients with widespread white matter abnormalities. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Two distinct patterns of white matter abnormalities exist at the early phase of schizophrenia, with those having global abnormalities experiencing more severe negative symptoms. The finding that distinct subgroups of patients with schizophrenia have different forms of white matter pathology may reflect qualitatively distinct genetic influences or neurodevelopmental alterations and thus represents a promising strategy for resolving neurobiological heterogeneity in the schizophrenia syndrome.
Abstract 16972: Abnormalities of the Aorta Are Common Following Pulmonary Vein Isolation: A Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Patricia Tung, Susie N Hong, Raymond H Chan, Dana C Peters, Thomas H Hauser, Warren J Manning, Mark E Josephson
Journal: Circulation (2011)

BACKGROUND: Esophageal injury has been reported following pulmonary vein isolation (PVI), but few data are known regarding involvement of other mediastinal structures such as the aorta. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) has been used to identify myocardial fibrosis and inflammation, and may provide a way of identifying extramyocardial involvement. We sought to determine the frequency of aortic wall LGE post-PVI to examine potential aortic involvement. METHODS: Consecutive patients who underwent their first PVI with pre and post-LGE CMR at our institution between 2009-2011 were retrospectively identified. Left atrial (LA) and aortic wall hyperenhancement were analyzed using a commercial workstation (QMass MR). LA and aortic hyperenhancement were defined as any evidence of LGE at 10 standard deviations (SD) greater than the mean signal intensity of the aortic blood pool. Studies were visually assessed for geometric contact between the LA and aorta. RESULTS: Of 46 patient datasets meeting entry criteria, 9 were excluded due to poor quality CMR, leaving 37 patients (age 60.5 + 8.6 years, 68% male) and 74 studies for analysis. No patient had evidence of a clinical aortic complication. Aortic wall LGE was seen in 35% (13/37) pre-PVI and in 57% (21/37) post-PVI (p= 0.068). All (100%) patients with post-PVI aortic wall enhancement also had post-PVI LA hyperenhancement (Figure 1). The vast majority (85%) of patients with aortic wall LGE post-PVI had direct contact of the LA and aortic wall on the pre-PVI CMR study. CONCLUSION: Aortic wall LGE is common post-PVI, with a universal finding of concomitant LA LGE in all patients with aortic enhancement. The vast majority of those with aortic LGE had direct contact of the left atrium and aorta. These data suggest that LGE CMR evidence of aortic involvement post-PVI is common. The clinical implications of this imaging abnormality remain to be defined.
Fodor's frame problem and relevance theory
Authors: Dan Sperber, Deirdre Wilson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Chiappe & Kukla argue that relevance theory fails to solve the frame problem as defined by Fodor. They are right. They are wrong, however, to take Fodor's frame problem too seriously. Fodor's concerns, on the other hand, even though they are wrongly framed, are worth addressing. We argue that relevance theory helps address them.