tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eosinophilia-Myalgia Syndrome Associated With Exposure to Tryptophan From a Single Manufacturer
Authors: Laurence Slutsker
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Although eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome has been linked to use of tryptophan, it has been unclear whether tryptophan itself or a contaminant causes illness. In Oregon, we compared the brand and source of tryptophan used by 58 patients with eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome with the brand and source of tryptophan used by 30 asymptomatic controls identified through a random telephone survey and 63 asymptomatic controls who contacted the Oregon Health Division voluntarily. Although a single brand/retail lot of tryptophan was statistically associated with the development of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome, there was no common importer, wholesaler, tablet maker, encapsulator, or distributor. However, 45 (98%) of 46 cases had taken a product made by one manufacturer, compared with three (30%) of 10 telephone survey controls and 15 (48%) of 31 volunteer controls. Retail lots of tryptophan from this manufacturer that were associated with cases were significantly more likely to have been produced from January through June 1989 than lots from this manufacturer that were taken by controls. These findings indicate that the recent epidemic of eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome was caused by a contaminant or an alteration in a subset of tryptophan manufactured by a single company in Japan shortly before the outbreak began. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;264:213-217)
Vermont's Oldest Medical Building
Authors: Stella H. Durkee
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Members of your organization may be interested in a problem that the Castleton (Vt) State College Alumni Association has been facing. It concerns the preservation and restoration of a building that housed the first medical college in Vermont, one of the first and the most important in New England during the time of its activity between 1818 and 1864. It's closing was due mainly to the Civil War. Fifteen hundred students had gone forth to serve patients and found hospitals and medical colleges throughout the country—more than from all other New England colleges combined. It is said to be the oldest wooden building still standing in the original state and still being used that had been a medical college. After the building was abandoned by the medical men, the owner of the land on which it stood wanted the space for a garden. Therefore, at a Christmas
Jejunal disaccharidases and some observations on the cause of lactase deficiency.
Authors: H. B. McMichael, J. Webb, A. M. Dawson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Methods and MaterialEighty-seven jejunal biopsies were taken by Crosby capsule from 86 patients who had diarrhoea, abdominal pain, bone disease, or unexplained anaemia.Twelve of these patients who had previously undergone gastric surgery had biopsies taken from the second loop of jejunum; all other specimens were on 15 July 2023 by guest.
Association of Graft Survival with Host Response to Hepatitis B Infection in Patients with Kidney Transplants
Authors: W. Thomas London, Jean S. Drew, Baruch S. Blumberg, Robert A. Grossman, Patricia J. Lyons
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

We studied the relation of host response to hepatitis B infection before transplantation with survival of kidney grafts in 79 patients receiving 87 transplants. Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) signaled early graft rejection (median survival congruent to two months), whereas hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) signaled delayed rejection (greater than 22 months). Patients with neither HBsAg nor anti-HBs had graft survival times (median congruent to 16 months) similar to the HBsAg carriers but significantly longer than the anti-HBs-positive patients (p less than 0.01). Similar results were observed when patients who received HLA-identical kidneys or had anti-HLA antibodies before transplantation were excluded. The highest probability of graft rejection was in patients with anti-HBs who received kidneys from male donors. The probability that such grafts would survive for four months was less than 20 per cent. HLA-nonidentical kidneys transplanted into patients with anti-HBs have a poor prognosis, whereas such grafts in HBsAg carriers have as good a prognosis as grafts in uninfected recipients.
Folic Acid and the Prevention of Neural-Tube Defects
Authors: Nicholas J. Wald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

In 1991, a randomized trial funded by the Medical Research Council demonstrated that folic acid supplementation before pregnancy and during its early stages markedly reduced the risk of neural-tube defects in newborns.1 This finding — which indicated that neural-tube defects may be considered to represent a vitamin-deficiency disorder — led to the recommendation that all women who are planning to become pregnant should take folic acid supplements beginning before pregnancy is recognized and continuing through its early stages. Once a pregnancy has been confirmed, it is probably too late for supplemental folic acid to be protective.In this issue of . . .
Washington, Ottawa, and Health Care Reform
Authors: Samuel Y. Sessions, Allan S. Detsky
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Imperforate Hymen: Fatal Result after its Division
Authors: T. Paget
Journal: BMJ (1859)

Sumat ter die olei morrhue 3 ij.Sumat ter die ferri phosphatis grn.v. March 20th.She talks very well; her grasp is much more steady, and she can clap her hands; but she is still quite 'unable to support herself on her feet.When she is raised by tfhe nurse, her feet are rigidly extended, so that her toes alone touch the ground, anid her body falls over the nurse's arm, as if without life; she can, however, clasp her arms round the nurse's neck, which hitherto she has not been able to accomplish.March 31st.For some days she has been able to controul lier upper extremities, to hold out her arm without moving it, ancd she nurses her doll.WIlhen placed erect, she can stand for a few seconds, one arm only being held, her whole frame becomiiing rigid by the effort, but not being jerked.April 3rd.She malkes an attempt at walking with the sup- ,port of the nurse, throwing each leg in turn clumsily forward, and crossing one leg over the other; her awkward performance affords her much amusement.. Strvchnia gr.A; alcohol 5ij; syrupi gij; aquoe Svi; Sumat 3ss ter (lie.M1arch 10th.She walked the length of the ward to-day -without help.May 3rd.She walks quite steadily.REM.ARKS.These two cases of severe chorea afford a very interesting contrast.Both presented, in a very marked man- ner, that absence of all control over the voluntary movements, and that loss of the power to direct the motor impulse to any particular part of the body which characterise the disease.Whenever any effort was made to set in action some one set of muscles, the motor excitement diffused itself over every part
The influence of pH on th electrophysiological effects of lidocaine in guinea pig ventricular myocardium.
Authors: A O Grant, L J Strauss, A G Wallace, H C Strauss
Journal: Circulation Research (1980)

Lidocaine has been reported to be more depressant in ischemic than normal myocardium.To determine the influence of pH on the electrophysiological effects of lidocaine, we recorded transmembrane potential and dV/dt mul from guinea pig papillary muscles mounted in a single sucrose gap.Recovery kinetics of dV/dtma, were studied by introducing progressively early premature responses during phase 4 at a drive rate of 0.5 Hz.In Krebs-Henseleit solution (HCO 3 ~ = 25 mM, CO 2 = 5%, pH 7.4), lidocaine (1.5 x 10~5 M) did not significantly change action potential characteristics.The recovery time constant (T) of dV/dt max was increased from 10 ± 4 (mean ± SD) to 91 ± 12 msec.In the presence of lidocaine, T increased from 91 ± 12 to 212 ± 5 msec when the extracellular pH (pHo) was lowered by increasing the [CO 2 ] to 20% (HCO 3 ~ = 25 mM, pH o = 6.95).Similarly, when pH o was lowered by decreasing [HCO 3 ~] (HCO 3 ~ = 7.5 mM, CO 2 = 5%, pH o = 6.95), T increased from 96 ± 11 to 185 ± 41 msec.However, if the [CO 2 ] was increased to 20% while the pH o was maintained at 7.4 [HCO 3 ~ = 85], T was unchanged compared to a [CO 2 ] of 5%.Drug-free solutions of pH o = 6.95 (CO 2 = 5% or 20%; HCOr = 7.5 or 25 mM) did not increase T. The increase in T with a decrease in pH o was greater than that predicted by a change in distribution of the drug across the membrane.These data are consistent with the view that local anesthetics bind to a receptor in the sodium channel thereby inactivating it.The process of recovery from inactivation during the resting state occurs by exit of uncharged drug through the membrane.The degree of protonation of receptor-bound drug is increased by extracellular acidosis.This decreases the proportion of drug that may leave the receptor via the membrane and hence causes a slowing of the recovery from inactivation.
Genetic and pharmacologic evidence implicating the p85α, but not p85β, regulatory subunit of PI3K and Rac2 GTPase in regulating oncogenic KIT-induced transformation in acute myeloid leukemia and systemic mastocytosis
Authors: Veerendra Munugalavadla, Emily C. Sims, Jovencio Borneo, Rebecca J. Chan, Reuben Kapur
Journal: Blood (2007)
A57: Four Prolonged Cases of Eosinophilic Fasciitis in Children
Authors: Joyce S Hui-Yuen, Christine Lauren, Maria Garzon, Amy J. Starr, Lisa F. Imundo
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background/Purpose:

Eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) is a rare connective tissue disease characterized by a progressive inflammatory thickening of skin and soft tissues. Diagnosis is often based on characteristic clinical and biopsy findings, and treatment remains challenging. Pediatric data describing clinical course and treatment recommendations remain scarce.



Methods:

This is a case series of all patients diagnosed with EF at our institution in the last 8 years. A retrospective chart review was conducted and data collected on clinical signs and symptoms and laboratory data at diagnosis, disease course, and treatment outcomes. Descriptive statistics were used when appropriate.



Results:

We describe four pediatric patients with EF, with a mean follow-up of 54 months. Three of the four patients had preceding diagnoses before beginning treatment for EF. All patients had peripheral eosinophilia at diagnosis, two had positive anti-thyroid antibodies, and two had high levels of total cholesterol. Treatment induction in all patients consisted of intravenous methylprednisone (30mg/kg/day to a maximum of 1g daily for 3 days). All patients required at least one steroid-sparing agent (methotrexate at 15mg/m2/dose and/or mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) at 600mg/m2/dose) for disease maintenance post-induction. The mean length of treatment with methotrexate was 23 months, discontinued in only one patient. The mean length of treatment with MMF was 8.3 months. All patients had improvement in skin findings, and all abnormal laboratory findings normalized after treatment with intravenous corticosteroid. One patient had a disease flare less than 12 months after being weaned off cortico-steroids and methotrexate. Another patient developed a second autoimmune disease five years after treatment for EF. All patients had residual skin changes, and 3 patients had signs of lipodystrophy and/or subcutaneous fat atrophy after treatment.



Conclusion:

EF is often difficult to diagnose and has a variable course in children. We report four cases of prolonged EF, the only four EF patients diagnosed in our practice. Our data suggest a more severe course at earlier age of onset, with higher likelihood of recurrence. Our data also confirm the efficacy of corticosteroid treatment as first-line therapy, and suggest a role for methotrexate as a promising steroid-sparing agent. This is the first case series to describe successful treatment of EF with the addition of mycophenolate mofetil to a treatment course of methotrexate and corticosteroid therapy. Three of our four patients required triple therapy for disease control, which may be suggestive of a more severe disease course in the pediatric population.
Local delivery of cancer-cell glycolytic inhibitors in high-grade glioma
Authors: Robert T. Wicks, Javad Azadi, Antonella Mangraviti, Irma Zhang, Lee Hwang, Avadhut Joshi, Hansen Bow, Marianne Hutt-Cabezas, Kristin L. Martin, Michelle A. Rudek, Ming Zhao, Henry Brem, Betty M. Tyler
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) and dichloroacetate (DCA) are inhibitors of cancer-cell specific aerobic glycolysis. Their application in glioma is limited by 3-BrPA's inability to cross the blood-brain-barrier and DCA's dose-limiting toxicity. The safety and efficacy of intracranial delivery of these compounds were assessed.Cytotoxicity of 3-BrPA and DCA were analyzed in U87, 9L, and F98 glioma cell lines. 3-BrPA and DCA were incorporated into biodegradable pCPP:SA wafers, and the maximally tolerated dose was determined in F344 rats. Efficacies of the intracranial 3-BrPA wafer and DCA wafer were assessed in a rodent allograft model of high-grade glioma, both as a monotherapy and in combination with temozolomide (TMZ) and radiation therapy (XRT).3-BrPA and DCA were found to have similar IC50 values across the 3 glioma cell lines. 5% 3-BrPA wafer-treated animals had significantly increased survival compared with controls (P = .0027). The median survival of rats with the 50% DCA wafer increased significantly compared with both the oral DCA group (P = .050) and the controls (P = .02). Rats implanted on day 0 with a 5% 3-BrPA wafer in combination with TMZ had significantly increased survival over either therapy alone. No statistical difference in survival was noted when the wafers were added to the combination therapy of TMZ and XRT, but the 5% 3-BrPA wafer given on day 0 in combination with TMZ and XRT resulted in long-term survivorship of 30%.Intracranial delivery of 3-BrPA and DCA polymer was safe and significantly increased survival in an animal model of glioma, a potential novel therapeutic approach. The combination of intracranial 3-BrPA and TMZ provided a synergistic effect.
Interstitial fibrosis and alveolar cell carcinoma in a family
Authors: F Beaumont
Journal: Thorax (1981)

of Dr Fred Rosner's authoritative paper, in your April issue, on Moses Maimonides' Treatise on Asthma refers to "a briefbiographical section", which does not appear to be included in the text.May I therefore be permitted to provide a few details of the life of Maimonides, who was physician to princes, and was described by Sir William Osler as "the prince of physicians".Moses Maimonides was born on 30 March 1135 in Cordoba, in Moorish Spain, which was at that time a great seat of Jewish learning.There is now in Cordoba a charming statue of Maimonides situated near his birthplace.Maimonides was descended from an intel- lectually aristocratic family of Jewish scholars, and his father was Rabbi Maimon.When Moses himself later became a Rabbi, he was known as Rabbi Moses ben Maimon, the initials of which R'M'B'M led to him being referred to as the RAMBAM.Maimon-ides is the Greek version, meaning the son of Maimon.As a lad Maimonides' brilliance was soon demon- strated by his mastery of Hebrew, Arabic, and Spanish Christian writings.
AUGMENTATION OF MITOCHONDRIAL ATP-SENSITIVE K+ CHANNEL OPENING FOLLOWING LONG-TERM THERAPY WITH BENDAVIA (MTP-131) IN DOGS WITH ADVANCED HEART FAILURE
Authors: Ramesh C. Gupta, Sharad Rastogi, Kefei Zhang, Mengjun Wang, Kristina J. Szekely, Paula Mohyi, Hani N. Sabbah
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Intra-Articular Therapy in Osteo-Arthritis: Comparison of Hydrocortisone Acetate and Hydro-Cortisone
Authors: V. Wright, G. N. Chandler, R. A. H. Morison, S. J. Hartfall
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1960)

The intra-articular injection of hydrocortisone acetate is commonly used in the treatment of osteo- arthritis, although its action in this disease has received less careful study than in rheumatoid arthritis.In 1955 a less soluble ester, hydrocortisone tertiary-butylacetate (TBA) was developed for intra- articular therapy with the claim that its effects were more pronounced and of longer duration (Hollander, Brown, Jessar, Udell, Smukler, and Bowie, 1955).The purpose of the present trial was to evaluate both drugs in the treatment of osteo-arthritis by a double-blind, crossover method.Each patient received both compounds as well as placebo and thus served as his own control.This formed part of a wider study of the value of intra-articular therapy in rheumatic disease.The results of the present investigation will be compared with those obtained in rheumatoid arthritis (Chandler, Wright, and Hartfall, 1958).Design of Trial 25 patients whose main complaint arose from osteo-a'rthritis of the knees were included in the trial.In thirteen both knees were treated, and in twelve only one knee, giving a total of 38 joints suitable for trial.No patient had received intra- articular therapy within 2 months of the start of the trial.Symptomatic treatment remained constant throughout the period of study which was con- ducted under out-patient conditions.The trial consisted of three courses of treatment (hydrocortisone acetate, TBA, and placebo) each of four fortnightly injections, with 8 weeks rest between treatments.Dosages of TBA and hydrocortisone were 25 mg. in 1 ml.fluid.The placebo (1 ml.) was the vehicle used as the suspending and preserving agent for the active compounds.The order of courses in each patient was randomized from a master sheet in which names were entered consecutively.
Frequency and Determinants of Erectile Dysfunction in Italy
Authors: Fabio Parazzini, Fabrizio Menchini Fabris, Angela Bortolotti, Antonino Calabr&ograve;, Liliane Chatenoud, Enrico Colli, Marina Landoni, Maurizio Lavezzari, Paolo Turchi, Aurelio Sessa, Vincenzo Mirone
Journal: European Urology (2000)
A third of children finishing primary school in England are overweight or obese
Authors: K. Chinthapalli
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Almost a fifth of 10 and 11 year old children are obese, and a third are above a healthy weight, a survey of schoolchildren in England has found.1

The report by the NHS Health and Social Care Information Centre found that the proportion of overweight and obese children of this age had risen slightly from 33.4% in 2010-11 to 33.9% in 2011-12. The prevalence of obesity varied significantly with social deprivation, from 13.7% in the least deprived areas to 24.3% in the most deprived. …
Opportunistic Pneumonia
Authors: Beverly H. Rogers, Gerald R. Donowitz, Gary K. Walker, Sally A. Harding, Merle A. Sande
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Five patients had opportunistic pulmonary infection caused by acid-fast bacilli, unusual clinical presentations and a unique pathological picture. Clinically, these cases mimicked septic pulmonary emboli or bacterial pneumonia. The infection was temporally related to high-dose corticosteroid therapy, given for renal-transplant rejection in four patients and for therapy of lymphocytic lymphoma in one. Histologic sections of lung-biopsy or autopsy material showed an acute suppurative pneumonia with dense alveolar infiltration by neutrophils, without granuloma formation or caseous necrosis. Predominantly intracellular acid-fast bacilli were present. The organism failed to grow in culture on routine bacterial, fungal and mycobacterial mediums. This unusual and possibly new acid-fast organism is a probable cause of suppurative pneumonia in impaired hosts receiving corticosteroid therapy.
Fibrinolysis, inhibitors of blood coagulation, and monocyte derived coagulant activity in acute malaria
Authors: D. Mohanty, K. Ghosh, S.K. Nandwani, S. Shetty, C. Phillips, S. Rizvi, B.D. Parmar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Different parameters of fibrinolytic systems like t-PA, PAI, D-dimer, and inhibitors of blood coagulation, i.e., protein C (PC), protein S(PS), and antithrombin III (AT-III), have been studied in cases of acute malaria due to Plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax infection, and these patients were followed up. It was observed that the plasma PAI-1 was very high in cases of P. falciparum malaria infection as compared to normal controls and P. vivax infection. The changes in complicated cases of P. falciparum were remarkable as compared to uncomplicated ones. The PC, PS, and AT-III levels were also low in P. falciparum, particularly so in complicated cases, and were normal in P. vivax infection. The factor VIII R:Ag levels were invariably high in acute malaria. On follow-up of some of these cases the values came back to normal after the antiparasite treatment. The monocyte procoagulant activity was found to be significantly higher in P. falciparum infection as compared to that of P. vivax infection. All these findings therefore contribute towards the production of a hypercoagulable state in P. falciparum infection and partly explain the complications of P. falciparum infection like cerebral malaria. Am. J. Hematol. 54:23–29, 1997 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Notch1 and Notch3 Instructively Restrict bFGF-Responsive Multipotent Neural Progenitor Cells to an Astroglial Fate
Authors: Kenji Tanigaki, Fumiaki Nogaki, Jun Takahashi, Kei Tashiro, Hisanori Kurooka, Tasuku Honjo
Journal: Neuron (2001)
Palmar-arch Thrombosis
Authors: J. D. Malloch
Journal: BMJ (1962)

i -NI~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EDICAL JOURNAL_ remained tortuous and dilated although their diameter had decreased from 1.5 to 1.3 cm., indicating a reduction of cross-sectional area by 25%.Successful obliteration of both fistulae was demonstrated, although some relative narrowing of the dilated femoral artery was observed at the site of the repair.A good flow was evident below this.At the site of the obliterated posterior tibial fistula an adequate collateral circulation was shown (Fig. 3).