tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Infarction-Like Electrocardiographic Changes Due to a Myocardial Metastasis From a Primary Lung Cancer
Authors: Panagiotis Samaras, Frank Stenner-Liewen, Stefan Bauer, Gerhard W. Goerres, Lotta von Boehmer, Nina Kotrubczik, Rolf Jenni, Christoph Renner, Alexander Knuth
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Transitional object use and borderline psychopathology
Authors: H Morris, J G Gunderson, M C Zanarini
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors examined whether transitional object use distinguishes borderline patients from patients with other personality disorders or schizophrenia and from normal subjects. One hundred five subjects were given a structured interview to assess present and past transitional object use. The borderline group had the highest scores on the interview, and the group with nonborderline axis II diagnoses the lowest. Although transitional object use was not specific to the borderline diagnosis, it did emerge as a potentially useful developmental and psychodynamic marker for borderline persons.
Carcinogenic Effects of Niridazole on Rodents Infected With Schistosoma mansoni 2
Authors: O. Bulay, H. Urman, D. B. Clayson, P. Shubik
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Carcinogenic Effects of Niridazole on Rodents Infected With Schistosoma mansoni Get access O. Bulay, O. Bulay Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H. Urman, H. Urman Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. B. Clayson, D. B. Clayson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Shubik P. Shubik Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 6, December 1977, Pages 1625–1630, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.6.1625 Published: 01 December 1977 Article history Received: 21 September 1976 Revision received: 13 June 1977 Accepted: 27 June 1977 Published: 01 December 1977
Fludarabine potentiates metabolism of cytarabine in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia during therapy.
Authors: V Gandhi, E Estey, M J Keating, W Plunkett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE A protocol was designed to test the hypothesis that fludarabine infusion before arabinosylcytosine (cytarabine [ara-C]) would increase the accumulation of the active metabolite ara-C triphosphate (ara-CTP) in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) blasts during therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (n = 5) received 1 g/m2 of ara-C infused intravenously (IV) for 2 hours, followed at 20 hours by 30 mg/m2 of fludarabine for 30 minutes. At 24 hours, another identical dose of ara-C was infused. To determine the optimal duration of ara-C infusion following fludarabine, five additional patients were treated on an amended protocol in which the ara-C infusion was extended to 3 g/m2 infused over 6 hours. RESULTS Comparison of ara-CTP pharmacokinetics in circulating AML cells demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) of ara-CTP increased significantly (median, 1.8-fold; range, 1.6 to 2.4; P = .004) after fludarabine infusion. Neither the median plasma ara-C concentrations, the levels of its deamination product arabinosyluracil, nor the rate of ara-CTP elimination from circulating blasts was affected by fludarabine infusion. However, the rate of ara-CTP accumulation by AML cells was increased by a median of 2.0-fold (range, 1.8 to 2.2; P = .001) after fludarabine; the peak occurred within 1 hour of the end of the infusion. In vitro incubation of these cells with arabinosyl-2-fluoroadenine (F-ara-A) before ara-C also produced a median 1.7-fold increase in the ara-CTP accumulation rate. Pharmacology studies in patients receiving 6-hour infusions of ara-C demonstrated that the rate of ara-CTP accumulation was potentiated beyond 2 hours, but not for 6 hours. CONCLUSION Infusion of fludarabine before ara-C augments the rate of ara-CTP synthesis in circulating AML blasts during therapy. Evaluation of 6-hour ara-C infusions demonstrated that potentiation of ara-CTP synthesis is maximal up to 4 hours in most patients; this pharmacologically optimized regimen should be considered for combination with other antileukemia drugs.
Antimicrobial resistance genotype trends and association with host clinical characteristics in respiratory isolates of haemophilus influenzae
Authors: Eri Hagiwara, Noriko Tsuchiya, Takahiro Enomoto, Tomohisa Baba, Takeshi Shinohara, Ryuichi Nishihira, Shigeru Komatsu, Terufumi Kato, Takashi Ogura, Hiroshi Takahashi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objectives: We aimed to analyze eight-year trend of β-lactam resistance genotype in respiratory isolates of Haemophilus influenzae , and to clarify whether resistance genotypes were correlated with pathogenicity, virulence, and host clinical background.

Methods: Respiratory isolates of H. influenzae from 2002 to 2009 in our hospital were classified into gBLNAS: β-lactamase TEM-1 negative (BLN) ampicillin susceptible with no resistant genes, gBLNAR: BLN ampicillin resistant with two PBP3 mutations, and other three genotypes using PCR. 144 strains isolated from different patients in 2008-09 were particularly analyzed for the association between genotypes and host clinical data.

Results: Eight-year trend analysis showed the constant decrease of gBLNAS (43% to 30%) along with the steady increase of gBLNAR (15% to 53%). Among genotypes the possibility of being causative pathogen was the same in gBLNAR 51% and in gBLNAS 49%. There was no significant difference in the level of C-reactive protein and the white blood cell count in infectious diseases induced by gBLNAR and gBLNAS. Host clinical characteristics including age and gender were not different in gBLNAR and in gBLNAS except for underlying respiratory diseases. gBLNAR was found at the highest rate 92% in isolates from patients with non-tuberculous mycobacteriosis (n=11), followed by 61% from bronchiectasis and 55% from chronic bronchitis. In contrast, as low as 33% of isolates from COPD (n=18) were gBLNAR.

Conclusions: There was no difference in pathogenicity and virulence between gBLNAR and gBLNAS in respiratory isolates. Underlying respiratory diseases impacted on the resistance genotype.
Effect of Dietary Fat Saturation on Survival of Mice With L1210 Leukemia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C P Burns, D G Luttenegger, A A Spector
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

We examined L1210 murine leukemia growth rate and survival of host male DBA/2J mice fed a diet rich in either polyunsaturated fat (16% sunflower oil) or saturated fat (16% coconut oil). The survival of mice that received transplants of L1210 leukemia cells was longer among the animals that had ingested a diet rich in the saturated fat as compared to those fed the more unsaturated fat. In duplicate experiments, the mean survivals of mice fed coconut oil were 200.9 +/- 1.6 and 202.5 +/- 3.4 hours compared to 188.7 +/- 5.3 and 187.6 +/- 3.5 hours for those fed sunflower oil. Tumor growth rate or the rate of DNA synthesis by the leukemia cells did not differ between the two experimental groups. Therefore, the alteration in survival was apparently due to an effect of the diets on the responses of the hosts rather than their effect on tumor size or growth rate.
Functional and immunological abnormalities in patients with severe asthma
Authors: Olga Kharevich, Irina Lapteva, Elena Lapteva, Elena Koroleva, Natalia Shpakouskaya
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction. Patients with severe asthma tend to have impaired lung function and immune imbalance despite the high-intensity treatment.  Aims. The aim of the study was to reveal the functional and immunological abnormalities in severe asthma as compared with nonsevere disease.  Methods. In the recent research we have studied the functional parameters and serum cytokine levels in 41 patients with severe asthma and in 42 patients with nonsevere disease.  Results. We found lower spirometric values, the presence of irreversible airway obstruction (IAO, in 76% patients), increased ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) and decreased diffusion capacity of the lungs (DLCO) in severe asthma group as compared with nonsevere. Serum cytokine profile in patients with severe asthma characterized by increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ. We revealed correlation between the presence of IAO and increased RV/TLC, and between the development of air-trapping (estimated at RV/TLC>140% pred) and reduced DLCO. Also, the IAO and air-trapping correlated with the lower level of IL-4 in patients with severe asthma.  Conclusion. Severe asthma is characterized by the development of irreversible airflow limitation, air trapping, decreased diffusion capacity, which suggests that these patients tend to have more considerable airway remodeling, including structural changes in small airways. Imbalance in Thl/Th2 cytokine production in severe asthma indicates that immunological processes in severe asthma are different from the mechanisms of nonsevere disease.
A phase I clinical trial and pharmacokinetic evaluation of liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin.
Authors: A Rahman, J Treat, J K Roh, L A Potkul, W G Alvord, D Forst, P V Woolley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

We have treated 14 cancer patients with liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin (LED) at doses of 30, 45, 60, and 90 mg/m2. Nausea and vomiting, phlebitis, and stomatitis were minimal or absent at each dose, but dose-limiting granulocytopenia occurred at 90 mg/m2. Thrombocytopenia and/or anemia also occurred in all patients treated at 60 or 90 mg/m2. Complete alopecia was seen in one of three cases at 60 mg/m2 and all cases at 90 mg/m2. No hepatic, renal, or other major organ toxicities were encountered. Clinical cardiac toxicity did not occur in any patient, but the cumulative doxorubicin doses in 13 cases were less than 400 mg/m2. The plasma elimination of LED out to 24 hours was analyzed in terms of a two-compartment model. Depending upon the dose and the infusion time, maximum plasma concentrations ranged from 2.6 mumol/L to 36.89 mumol/L and the area under the plasma concentration x time curve (AUC) values ranged from 1.86 mumol/L x h/L to 49.57 mumol x h/L. These values are significantly higher than those expected for free doxorubicin. Urinary excretion of LED was approximately 10% after 24 hours. Doxorubicinol and doxorubicinone appeared at low levels in plasma 12 to 24 hours after injection. LED pharmacokinetics differ from those of free drug by the higher plasma levels and AUC of doxorubicin achieved, and by the low conversion of LED to metabolites. Overall, LED was well tolerated and produced only moderate nausea and vomiting and little stomatitis at myelosuppressive doses. The study also suggested that LED produces less venous sclerosis than free doxorubicin, but this requires further clinical verification.
Clinical Virology. The Evaluation and Management of Human Viral Infections.
Authors: Robert Debré, Josette Celers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

now available in an English translation, succeed admirably in bringing this broad field into perspective. It is, however, not a clearly focused picture. Although a substantial book overall, its limitations reflect the difficulties inherent in keeping current with the progress in clinical virology. Various international authorities provide detailed chapters on virus diseases, organized according to the organ system affected. Individual chapters usually include discussions of the biologic and biochemical properties of the virus, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and, when available, immunoprophylactic measures. The decided emphasis on observational findings and diagnostic procedures should prove particularly valuable to the clinician. On the other hand, frequently the general aspects of vi-
Severe adverse effects of antitubercular drugs and patient management
Authors: Jihen Ben Amar, Besma Dhari, Leila El Gharbi, Mohamed Ali Baccar, Saloua Azzabi, Hichem Aouina, Hend Bouacha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Tuberculosis is an infectious disease which can be totally cured by combining antitubercular drugs. Current therapeutic regimens with isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin have proved successful in treating tuberculosis. However, they are associated to a high rate of adverse effects that can lead to therapeutic failure.   Patients and methods:  We retrospectively reviewed records of patients who present severe adverse effects of antitubercular drugs. We also examined the frequency of and reasons for changing drug regimens.   Results:  Thirty two patients (20 men) mean age 47 years (18-80 years) were enrolled.  Predominant locations of tuberculosis are pulmonary (40%).  Cutaneous manifestations were the most frequent (40% of cases), predominantly urticarial associated with fever in 6 cases. Anemia was noted in two cases and thrombocytopenia was noted in one case, anaphylactic shock in two cases, a systemic toxidermia in two cases and renal failure in one patien. Interrupting either one drug or the whole treatment was necessary to define the cause of the reaction. The clinical evolution of hypersensitivity signs was favorable in all cases following definitive withdrawal of the responsible drug. Complete recovery from tuberculosis occurred in all cases.  Rifampicin was incriminated in 15 cases, pyrazinamide in 9 cases, isoniazid in 4 cases, streptomycin in 4 cases and Ethambutol in 1 case.  Interrupting either one drug or the whole treatment was necessary to define the cause of the reaction. The clinical evolution of hypersensitivity signs was favorable in all cases following definitive withdrawal of the responsible drug. Complete recovery from tuberculosis occurred in all cases
Sleep duration and cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity
Authors: Rafaela Pedrosa, Aline Sena, Anajás Cardoso, Danielle Carvalho, Jovany Medeiros, Nathalia Gonzaga, Carla Medeiros
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Short sleep duration is associated with hypercholesterolemia and insulin resistance, being suggested as predisposing factor for obesity, cardiovascular disease and sleep disorders. Objective: To evaluate the association of sleep duration with cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents who are overweight or obese. Methods: The sample consisted of 140 subjects who are overweight (Body Mass Index - BMI P =0.002), BMI ( P =0.000), waist circumference ( P =0.000), insulin ( P =0.021), HOMA-IR ( P =0.012) and leptin ( P =0.018). Conclusions: The SSD is associated with cardiovascular risk factors becoming indispensable to evaluate sleep habits in children and adolescents who are overweight or obese and propose guidelines regarding sleep hygiene.
Abstract 11310: Wave Reflection Measured by Peripheral Arterial Tonometry is Related to Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Adults: The ELSA-Brasil Cohort Study
Authors: Luisa C Brant, Naomi M Hamburg, Sandhi M Barreto, Emelia J Benjamin, Antonio L Ribeiro
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Augmentation index (AIx) measures the contribution that wave reflection makes to arterial pressure. Higher values of AIx measured by arterial tonometry associate with risk factors and predict cardiovascular events. Recently, peripheral arterial tonometry (PAT) waveforms have been used to calculate PAT-AIx. We evaluated the clinical correlates of PAT-AIx and its relation to carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measurement of arterial stiffness.   Methods:  In a cross-sectional study, 1535 participants of ELSA-Brasil, a multi-site, Brazilian cohort study underwent PAT. PAT-AIx is calculated by averaging the baseline pulse amplitude data and using the formula: PAT-AIx=(P2 – P1)х100/P1(%). To investigate the association of PAT-AIx and cardiovascular risk factors, linear regression was used for multivariable analyses. Partial correlation coefficients adjusted for age, sex, heart rate, height, and multivariable-adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors were used to study the relation of PAT-AIx and PWV. P≤0.05 were considered statistically significant.   Results:  Participants’ mean age was 52±9 years, 44% were women and 49% nonwhite. PAT-AIx values were 7.3±15.8% for men and 16.7±16.6% for women. Multivariable analysis revealed that PAT-AIx was higher in women, and with advancing age, smoking, and higher mean systolic and diastolic pressures. PAT-AIx was inversely correlated to higher mean heart rate, height, BMI and prevalent cardiovascular disease. There was no association of PAT-AIx with diabetes or dyslipidemia. There was a significant age and sex interaction: the beta coefficient for men was 0.61 (CI95% 0.51-0.72) and for women 0.39 (CI95% 0.25-0.52). In women, PAT-AIx values tended to plateau at age of 55 years, getting closer to men’s values. PAT-AIx correlated with PWV in both models (r=0.13, p   Conclusions:  PAT-AIx, a novel measure of peripheral wave reflection, is associated with cardiovascular risk factors consistent with studies that used arterial tonometry. The age and sex interaction shows that the increase in PAT-AIx with advancing age is greater in men than women. The modest correlation of PAT-AIx and PWV suggests that PAT-AIx has complex determinants, including aortic stiffness.
Localization of Human Colorectal Tumor Xenografts in the Nude Mouse With the Use of Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibody&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J R Zalcberg, C H Thompson, M Lichtenstein, J Andrews, I F McKenzie
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

For the evaluation of the clinical usefulness of monoclonal antibodies as diagnostic or therapeutic reagents, tumor localization must be clearly demonstrated in an experimental model. In this report, nude mice carrying two human tumor xenografts--a colon carcinoma (Colo 205) and a melanoma (Colo 239)--were given ip injections of radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibody 250-30.6, which reacted specifically with the colon carcinoma but not with the melanoma, was labeled with 125I, while a second monoclonal antibody of similar immunoglobulin subclass, but unreactive with either cell type, was labeled with 131I. Both antibodies were injected simultaneously, and either the mice were scanned with a gamma camera or their tissues were removed and the localization of radiolabeled antibody was calculated with the use of localization index (LI)--the ratio of the tissue to blood distribution for each isotope. The studies showed that specific localization had occurred, there being a colon tumor LI of 6 at 2 days. Tumors of 150-300 mg (mean diameter, 6 mm) and with an LI as low as 1.5 could be successfully imaged after computer-assisted background subtraction. This study demonstrated that relatively small human tumor xenografts in the nude mouse can be specifically detected with the use of paired monoclonal antibodies, each labeled with a different isotope.
Hepatitis B immunity in teenagers vaccinated as infants: an Italian 17-year follow-up study
Authors: E. Spada, L. Romanò, M.E. Tosti, O. Zuccaro, S. Paladini, M. Chironna, R.C. Coppola, M. Cuccia, R. Mangione, F. Marrone, F.S. Negrone, A. Parlato, E. Zamparo, C.M. Zotti, A. Mele, A.R. Zanetti
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Asthma
Authors: DAVID L. DUFFY, CHARLES A. MITCHELL, NICHOLAS G. MARTIN
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

In complex diseases of genetic etiology such as asthma and atopy, it is difficult to differentiate causes of disease from consequences, and quantitate the importance of such causative factors. We examined possible risk factors for the development of wheezing and bronchial hyperresponsiveness in a cotwin-control study nested within a larger community-based twin-family study. In 62 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant for a history of wheezing, skin prick test to house dust extract was the most important discriminator, followed by sensitization to cat and cockroach allergens. In contrast, 62 dizygotic (DZ) discordant twin pairs differed additionally in sensitization to grass pollens and fungi. Markers such as serum haptoglobin, serum magnesium, and α -1-antitrypsin levels did not differ significantly between discordant twins. This MZ/DZ difference suggests that pollen allergy in asthmatics is more an epiphenomenon due to a genetic correlation between asthma and the allergic diathesis, whereas indoor allergens are likely to be direct environmental causes of asthma.
Clinical Presentation, Course, and Prognostic Factors in Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin's Disease and Lymphocyte-Rich Classical Hodgkin's Disease: Report From the European Task Force on Lymphoma Project on Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Volker Diehl, Michael Sextro, Jeremy Franklin, Martin-Leo Hansmann, Nancy Harris, Elaine Jaffe, Sibr Poppema, Martin Harris, Kaarle Franssila, Jan van Krieken, Theresa Marafioti, Ioannis Anagnostopoulos, Harald Stein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: Recent studies have suggested that lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease (LPHD) is both clinically and pathologically distinct from other forms of Hodgkin's disease, including classical Hodgkin's disease (CHD). However, large-scale clinical studies were lacking. This multicenter, retrospective study investigated the clinical characteristics and course of LPHD patients and lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin's disease (LRCHD) patients classified according to morphologic and immunophenotypic criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical data and biopsy material of all available cases initially submitted as LPHD were collected from 17 European and American centers, stained, and reclassified by expert pathologists. RESULTS: The 426 assessable cases were reclassified as LPHD (51%), LRCHD (27%), CHD (5%), non–Hodgkin's lymphoma (3%), and reactive lesion (3%); 11% of cases were not assessable. Patients with LPHD and LRCHD were predominantly male, with early-stage disease and few risk factors. Patients with LRCHD were significantly older. Survival and failure-free survival rates with adequate therapy were similar for patients with LPHD and LRCHD, and were stage-dependent and not significantly better than stage-comparable results for CHD (German trial data). Twenty-seven percent of relapsing LPHD patients had multiple relapses, which is significantly more than the 5% of relapsing LRCHD patients who had multiple relapses. Lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's disease patients had significantly superior survival after relapse compared with LRCHD or CHD patients; however, this was partly due to the younger average age of LPHD patients. CONCLUSION: The two subgroups of LPHD and LRCHD bore a close clinical resemblance that was distinct from CHD; the course was similar to that of comparable nodular sclerosis and mixed cellularity patients. Thorough staging is necessary to detect advanced disease in LPHD and LRCHD patients. The question of how to treat such patients, either by reducing treatment intensity or following a “watch and wait” approach, remains unanswered.