tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Active and passive smoking: assessment issues in periodontal research
Authors: Clemens Walter, Elizabeth K. Kaye, Thomas Dietrich
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2011)

Abstract Tobacco use, particularly active cigarette smoking, is a strong modifiable risk factor for periodontitis. Our primary aim is to provide a systematic review of the impact of environmental tobacco smoke on periodontal diseases. Nine publications were identified by electronic literature search up to September 2010. Epidemiological data for a US population sample and a cohort of Japanese men suggest that environmental tobacco smoke exposure may be associated with increase periodontitis prevalence and increased risk of periodontitis progression. Secondly, several methodological issues related to cigarette smoking in clinical and epidemiological research studies are discussed. Tobacco use history is a multi‐dimensional phenomenon, with characteristics such as intensity, duration and time since cessation. Understanding these complexities of smoking history and accurate measurement of the exposure, using biomarkers and/or self‐reported data as appropriate, are of central importance in clinical and epidemiological studies on the effects of active and passive smoking. The most appropriate approach to assess smoking exposure will vary according to the purpose and design of a particular study.
Treatment of Scarring Alopecia in Discoid Variant of Chronic Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus With Tacrolimus Lotion, 0.3%
Authors: Emily C. Milam, Sarika Ramachandran, Andrew G. Franks
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic variant of cutaneous lupus erythematosus, an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the skin. Lesions are often localized to the scalp and can result in permanent scarring, disfiguration, and irreversible alopecia. Although DLE usually responds to topical or intralesional corticosteroids and/or oral antimalarials, some DLE is resistant to these treatments or adverse effects limit their effectiveness.Three patients with treatment-refractory, biopsy-proved DLE were prescribed a novel, off-label preparation of tacrolimus lotion, 0.3%, in an alcohol base as an adjunct to oral antimalarial therapy. All 3 patients demonstrated improvement in lesion severity and hair regrowth with the use of this regimen after 3 months and continued improvement thereafter. We report a retrospective analysis of these 3 cases.This report is, to our knowledge, the first mention of tacrolimus being used in a lotion formulation to treat DLE lesions, resulting in hair regrowth. Topical tacrolimus lotion, 0.3%, in an alcohol base may be a potential therapeutic option for patients with DLE that is refractory to first-line therapies and who risk late-stage disease with permanent scarring alopecia.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF PREDNISONE IN PATIENTS WITH PROGRESSIVE SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS (DIFFUSE SCLERODERMA)
Authors: G P RODNAN, R L BLACK, A J BOLLET, J J BUNIM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1956)

ExcerptBoth cortisone and corticotropin have been reported as capable of inducing favorable changes in the cutaneous and visceral symptoms of patients with progressive systemic sclerosis.1-6 While some authors are of the opinion that steroid therapy has arrested progress of the disease,5 others feel that there is no fundamental alteration in the course of the illness, and most note quick return to pretreatment status when corticotropin or cortisone is discontinued.1, 3, 4, 6This report deals with the effects of a synthetic steroid, prednisone (17α,21-dihydroxy-Δ1,4-pregnadiene-3,11,20-trione), observed in six patients with progressive systemic sclerosis. Prednisone has been found to have anti-inflammatory and...
A Cytologic Study of the Intestinal Epithelium of the Mouse After Total-Body X Irradiation<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1">2</xref>
Authors: W. Montagna, J.W. Wilson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article A Cytologic Study of the Intestinal Epithelium of the Mouse After Total-Body X Irradiation Get access William Montagna, William Montagna Arnold Biological Laboratory, Brown UniversityProvidence, R. I. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Walter Wilson J. Walter Wilson Arnold Biological Laboratory, Brown UniversityProvidence, R. I. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 6, June 1955, Pages 1703–1735, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.6.1703 Published: 01 June 1955 Article history Received: 29 October 1954 Published: 01 June 1955
Accountable Care Organizations and Evidence-Based Payment Reform
Authors: Mark McClellan
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ACUTE THROMBOCYTOPENIC PURPURA HEMORRHAGICA WITH LYMPHOCYTOSIS; REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: Morris Tager, Kalmen A. Klinghoffer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Excerpt In 1936, Minot presented three cases of acute thrombocytopenic purpura hemorrhagica with lymphocytosis,1and three related cases of intermittent purpura associated with menstruation. No furt...
The Cotton Pickers
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vaccine-Derived Poliomyelitis 12 Years after Infection
Authors: Calman A MacLennan, Aarnoud P Huissoon, Dinakantha S Kumararatne
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

1. Valicenti R, Lu J, Pilepich M, Asbell S, Grignon D. Survival advantage from higher-dose radiation therapy for clinically localized prostate cancer treated on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trials. J Clin Oncol 2000;18:2740-6. 2. Valicenti RK, Bae K, Michalski J, et al. Does hormone therapy reduce disease recurrence in prostate cancer patients receiving dose-escalated radiation therapy? An analysis of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-06. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011;79:1323-9.
Characterization of T-Cell Clones Derived From Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of a Patient With Transfusion-Associated Graft-Versus-Host Disease: Fas-Mediated Killing by CD4+ and CD8+ Cytotoxic T-Cell Clones and Tumor Necrosis Factor β Production by CD4+ T-Cell Clones
Authors: Motoko Nishimura, Shigeharu Uchida, Shigeki Mitsunaga, Yuji Yahagi, Kazunori Nakajima, Kenji Tadokoro, Takeo Juji
Journal: Blood (1997)
Risks of Postmenopausal Hormone ReplacementHormone Replacement Following Early Menopause
Authors: Nina Radford, Tim Church
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Regulation by intestinal γδ T cells during establishment of food allergic sensitization in mice
Authors: M. Bol-Schoenmakers, M. Marcondes Rezende, R. Bleumink, L. Boon, S. Man, I. Hassing, D. Fiechter, R. H. H. Pieters, J. J. Smit
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Bol-Schoenmakers M, Marcondes Rezende M, Bleumink R, Boon L, Man S, Hassing I, Fiechter D, Pieters RHH, Smit JJ. Regulation by intestinal γδ T cells during establishment of food allergic sensitization in mice. Allergy 2011; 66: 331–340. Background: Food allergy affects approximately 5% of children and is the leading cause of hospitalization for anaphylactic reactions in westernized countries. The mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin induces allergic sensitization to co-administered proteins in mice, while feeding the protein alone induces oral tolerance. Intestinal γδ T cells could be of importance in the induction of oral tolerance. This study aims to investigate whether γδ T cells have functional relevance in food allergic sensitization. Methods: Changes in γδ T cells on days 1, 2, 3, and 7 after initiation of food allergy were evaluated using flowcytometry. Furthermore, the anti-γδ T-cell receptor (TCR) antibody UC7 was used to block the γδ TCR in mice in vivo, followed by sensitization to peanut. After 4 weeks, peanut-specific antibodies in serum and cytokine production in spleen were measured. Results: Induction of food allergy resulted in a profound decrease in the percentage of γδ T cells in intestinal tissues and Peyer's Patches, but not in mesenteric lymph nodes or spleen. This decrease could be detected from days 1 to 2 after the initiation of food allergy and the number of γδ T cells returned to normal on day 7. Blockade of the γδ TCR resulted in elevated food allergic responses upon sensitization with peanut characterized by increased IgE and Th2 cytokine production in splenocytes. Conclusion: These results demonstrate a unique regulatory role of γδ T cells, suggesting that targeting γδ T cells in the intestine may contribute to strategies to prevent and possibly treat food allergy.
Abstract P007: Maternal Heavy Smoking during Pregnancy in Association with Higher Risk of Gestational Diabetes in the Offspring
Authors: Wei Bao, Karin B Michels, Deirdre K Tobias, Shanshan Li, Jorge E Chavarro, Audrey J Gaskins, Sjurdur F Olsen, Allan A Vaag, Frank B Hu, Cuilin Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Maternal smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for adverse perinatal outcomes. However, data on the intergenerational impact of maternal smoking during pregnancy on offspring’s long-term risk of adulthood disease are limited. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that maternal smoking during pregnancy may be associated with risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the offspring. Methods: The analytical population was composed of 10138 parous women in the Nurses' Health Study II cohort whose mothers participated in the Nurses’ Mothers’ Cohort Study; 819 of the nurses developed GDM. Data on maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy and associated covariates were recalled by the nurses’ mothers. GDM diagnosis was self-reported by nurse participants and was validated by medical record review in a previous study. We used logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We observed a significant association between maternal heavy smoking during pregnancy and risk of GDM in the offspring. The multivariable-adjusted ORs (95% CIs) of GDM among women whose mothers did not smoke during pregnancy, continued smoking 1-14, 15-24, and ≥ 25 cigarettes/day were 1.00 (reference), 1.13 (0.91-1.42), 1.17 (0.88-1.55), and 1.74 (1.03-2.95) (P for trend = 0.04), respectively. Further adjustment for the nurses’ birth weight, adult life variables and body mass index during various periods of life only slightly changed the association. No significant association was observed between paternal smoking during the pregnancy period and the risk of GDM. We further examined the joint effect of both maternal and paternal smoking during pregnancy on the risk of GDM. The nurses whose parents both smoked during pregnancy ≥ 15 cigarettes/day had an OR (95% CI) of 1.25 (0.94-1.66), compared with those whose parents did not smoke during pregnancy or smoked &lt; 15 cigarettes/day. In an analysis on the joint effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy and the nurse’s smoking during adulthood, we found that the nurses who ever smoked during adulthood and their mothers ever smoked during the pregnancy with them had a significantly higher risk of GDM (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.08-1.81), compared to the nurses neither themselves nor the mothers smoked. Conclusions: In conclusion, maternal heavy smoking (≥ 25 cigarettes/day) during pregnancy is significantly associated with higher risk of gestational diabetes in the offspring. Further studies are warranted to confirm our findings and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
Histamine release from dispersed human intestinal mast cells
Authors: H. NOLTE, P. STAHL SKOV, A. KRUSE, P. O. SCHIØTZ
Journal: Allergy (1989)

To study the human intestinal mast cell of children and adults, we combined a sensitive glassfibre‐based histamine assay with the enzymatic and mechanical dispersion of surgical specimens or mucosal biopsies. The method yields between 1.2 × 10 3 to 4.6 × 10 3 mast cells/mg tissue constituting 1.2% to 5.3% of total cell count. The mast cell yield, however, depends on the intestinal tissue specimen used for dispersion. Aliquots containing 1500 mast cells per sample are sufficient for measuring significant amounts of histamine (± 0.15 ng histamine per sample), thus making it possible, to carry out approximately 75 tests for four mucosal biopsies of 10 mg each. The intestinal mast cell releases histamine in a dose‐dependent manner on challenge with anti‐IgE (6–600 U/ml), ionophore A23187 (0.25–1.0 μM), and Concanavalin A (0.7–25.0 μg/ml). The histamine release shows interindividual variation with a net histamine release between 0 to 2.5 ng/samples dependent on the secretatogue. In general, it is not necessary to passively sensitize the mast cells to obtain a sufficient histamine release response to anti‐IgE challenge, indicating the presence of intact and functional cell‐bound IgE. However, it is shown that four of 10 non‐atopic intestinal mast cell samples could be passively sensitized with human plasma containing either mite‐ or grass‐specific IgE without stripping off the IgE first. This indicates the presence of free and preserved Fc‐receptors on the dispersed mast cells in some subjects. In addition, it is found that the phorbolester TPA increases the histamine release response to A23187 and turns anti‐IgE non‐responding mast cells into responding mast cells, but TPA alone at 2 to 16 ng/ml has no histamine releasing effect. In patients with anti‐IgE responding mast cells no additional effect of TPA is seen. Finally, no substantial differences between mast cells of children and adults are demonstrated.
GW870086: A potent anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid with a novel pharmacological profile
Authors: Stuart Farrow, Iain Uings, Michael Haase, Davina Angell, Karen Leavens, Jason Holt, Joyce Matthews, Keith Biggadike, Deborah needham
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Inhaled glucocorticoids are highly effective therapies for respiratory diseases. Progress in characterising the complex molecular mechanisms that control glucocorticoid action raises the possibility that anti-inflammatory molecules with reduced side-effect liabilities can be identified. Here we describe the discovery of a novel glucocorticoid, GW 870086, with unique biological properties, and demonstrate the potential of gene expression profiling in the characterisation of its pharmacology. This molecule is under clinical evaluation as a novel respiratory agent.  The pharmacological properties of GW870086 were assessed against fluticasone propionate (FP) using cellular and in vivo model systems, including extensive gene expression profiling. GW870086 repressed inflammatory cytokine release from primary lung epithelial cells with similar efficacy to FP, but in marked contrast to FP antagonised the effect of dexamethasone on MMTV driven reporter gene transactivation. GW870086 had a very significant effect on the expression of specific glucocorticoid regulated genes while having minimal impact on the expression of other known target genes, demonstrating unique regulation of gene transcription. In experimental in vivo models of irritant-induced contact dermatitis and ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation models, GW870086 showed comparable anti-inflammatory efficacy to FP.  GW870086 is a potent anti-inflammatory compound that has a unique ability to regulate a specific subset of genes that are normally effected by classical glucocorticoids. It has clear potential to be developed as a new topical steroid with a distinct safety profile to existing therapies.
Abstract 4554: Downstream effects of rigosertib (ON 01910.Na) in cancer cells involves impairment of protein translation via eIF2 and eIF4
Authors: Salim Merali, Oscar Perez-Leal, Carlos Barrero
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Rigosertib, a novel synthetic styryl benzyl sulfone, is cytotoxic against a variety of human tumor cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Significantly, rigosertib is currently being tested in a randomized phase III clinical trial in patients with higher risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) who have failed treatment with hypomethylating agents. Previous studies have shown that rigosertib interacts with both the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and polo-like kinase (PLK1) pathways. Because these pathways can affect several cellular functions, we used a combination of unbiased global proteomics and interactomics approaches to assemble a rigosertib target profile. Here, we confirm and elaborate the pathways modulated by rigosertib. Experimental Design: Stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC)-based proteomics was used to identify the differentially expressed proteins in HeLa cells with and without 8 hours of treatment with 10 μM rigosertib. In addition, rigosertib protein interaction (interactomics) studies were performed to validate the proteomics observations. Results: Using a combination of SILAC and subcellular fractionation we were able to quantify more than 1500 proteins, among which 125 were significantly altered by rigosertib treatment. Quantified proteins were selected and clustered by biological function. We performed pathway and network analysis using Ingenuity® Systems computational pathway analysis. The pathways that were identified at statistically significant levels (p &amp;lt; 0.05) were eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF2) signaling, eIF4 signaling and nuclear erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated oxidative stress response. In total, 19 proteins were down-regulated and 2 proteins were up-regulated in the eIF2 signaling pathway, suggesting that rigosertib represses protein translation in tumor cells. These observations have been noted in other experimental systems using different experimental approaches. To validate these findings and to determine extent of interaction of these proteins with rigosertib, we used drug affinity pull-down followed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to confirm that rigosertib interacts with eIF2 and eIF4 via Raf and p70S6K, respectively. Conclusions: Collectively, these results demonstrate that a terminal effect of rigosertib in cancer cells is the inhibition of protein translation mediated by eIF2 and eIF4. Citation Format: Salim Merali, Oscar Perez-Leal, Carlos Barrero. Downstream effects of rigosertib (ON 01910.Na) in cancer cells involves impairment of protein translation via eIF2 and eIF4. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4554. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4554
Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus clone related to the early pandemic phage type 80/81 causing an outbreak among residents of three occupational centres in Barcelona, Spain
Authors: O. Gasch, A. Hornero, M.A. Domínguez, A. Fernández, C. Suárez, S. Gómez, M. Camoez, J. Linares, J. Ariza, M. Pujol
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)