tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CEOP-IMVP-Dexa in the treatment of aggressive lymphomas: an Austrian multicenter trial.
Authors: M A Fridrik, H Hausmaninger, W Linkesch, M Stöger, H Sill, M Neubauer, H L Seewann, J Klocker, R Haidinger, L Schiller, J Pont, G Raudaschl, M Falk, T Radaszkiewicz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE This trial evaluated the efficacy, toxicity, and practicability of a new intensive chemotherapy regimen in a multicenter setting of university and community hospitals. PATIENTS AND METHODS We tested a hybrid protocol of two non-cross-resistant regimens, cyclophosphamide, epirubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CEOP) and ifosfamide, etoposide (VP-16), methotrexate, and dexamethasone (IMVP-Dexa) given every fourth week, three to six times according to response, in patients with untreated intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Ten Austrian centers entered 81 patients onto this multicenter trial. Eleven patients were excluded. The median age was 55 years. Twenty-six of 70 patients had stage III or IV disease. The distribution among international risk categories low, intermediate-low, intermediate-high, and high was 20%, 34%, 23%, and 23%, respectively. RESULTS Of 70 eligible patients, 56 (80%) had a complete remission and seven (10%) a partial remission. After a median observation time of 36 months, the estimated time to relapse and overall survival rates are 67% and 72%, respectively. Age and Karnofsky index were the only independent risk factors for survival. Toxicity was primarily hematologic, with a median granulocyte nadir of 0.56 x 10(9)/L. Sixty-seven percent of patients had infections; 25.7% were severe World Health Organization (WHO) grade III or IV. There were three treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION CEOP-IMVP-Dexa chemotherapy is safe and feasible on a groupwide basis even when used in community hospitals. Neutropenic infections are the major complications. A 72% 3-year survival rate in patients with intermediate- and high-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma warrants further studies. These data are the basis for a randomized trial to compare cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (CHOP) with CEOP/IMVP-Dexa.
Cryosurgery for the Urethral Syndrome
Authors: Peter Boreham
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1984)

A technique is described for treating the urethral syndrome in ambulant women by cryosurgery under local anaesthesia using a specially devised guard or applicator. This follows a trial study (Parkes & Boreham 1980) in which a modified guard was used. Experience with over 350 cases and detailed follow up of 111 of them has confirmed improvement in 95% (93 of 111). No patient was made worse, only 10 required second treatments and the majority, when asked, said they thought the treatment was of value and that they would be prepared to have the same treatment again if necessary. This is a simple, safe and harmless technique for the treatment of the female urethral syndrome. It can be carried out under local anaesthesia as an outpatient or under general anaesthesia following cystoscopy. It causes few complications and relieves the symptoms in the majority of such patients.
Handbook of Clinical Drug Data.
Authors: M Montejo, M Lizarraga, J Merino, C de la Hoz, J Barron, A Merino, F Layuno, C Aguirre
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Part I: Drug Monographs. Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Antimigraine Drugs. Antomicrobial Drugs. Antineoplastics, Chemoprotectants-Immunosuppressants. Cardiovascular Drugs. Central Nervous System Drugs. Gastrointestinal Drugs. Hematologic Drugs. Hormonal Drugs. Renal and Electrolytes. Respiratory Drugs. Part II: Clinical Drug Information. Drug-Induced Diseases. Drug Use in Special Populations. Genetic and Ethnic Considerations in Pharmacotherapy. Immunization. Medical Emergencies. Drug Interactions and Interferences. Nutrition Support. Part III: Appendices.
Antiretroviral therapy for initial human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS treatment: critical appraisal of the evidence from over 100 randomized trials and 400 systematic reviews and meta-analyses
Authors: S. Kanters, E.J. Mills, K. Thorlund, H.C. Bucher, J.P.A. Ioannidis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Metabolic and respiratory functioning of patients with cystic fibrosis during the years preceding death
Authors: Taryn Kalami, Kate Williams, Kim Pollard, Paul Whitaker, Daniel Peckham
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) FEV 1  is used as a predictor of survival. The median mortality within two years is greater than 50% if FEV 1  is 30% of predicted. In comparison to other diseases, such as COPD, the association between hypercapnia and mortality in CF is not fully understood. Patients with CF also develop metabolic alkalosis but data is limited with regards the metabolic state within the last years of life.  Aims:  To determine whether there is a relationship between hypercapnia, reduced lung function and mortality in patients with CF during the years preceding death.  Methods:  All adult patients with CF who died of respiratory failure between 2007 and 2012 were studied. Capillary blood samples, lung function, and date of NIV or oxygen commencement were collated from records. The best FEV 1  percentage predicted and FVC percentage predicted value were recorded at six monthly intervals from the date of death.  Results:  15 patients with CF died from respiratory failure during this period, 10 female and 5 male, with a median age of 30 years old (range 17-46 years). The average time from the FEV 1  falling below 30% and the date of death was 2.5 years (range 0-7.5 years). Only 77% patients developed hypercapnia prior to death. In 7 of these patients significant metabolic alkalosis contributed to the hypercapnia. Hypercapnia developed on average 14 months before death (range 0-3.5 years). Home NIV was used in 8 patients; 5 of these required intermittent acetazolamide treatment for symptomatic hypercapnia.  Conclusion:  Once hypercapnia has developed the outcomes can be poor. As previously reported metabolic alkalosis is a frequent finding in this cohort.
LBA-09 Cetuximab beyond progression in RAS wild type (WT) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): the CAPRI-GOIM randomized phase II study of FOLFOX versus FOLFOX plus cetuximab
Authors: F. Ciardiello, N. Normanno, E. Martinelli, T. Troiani, C. Cardone, A. Nappi, A.M. Rachiglio, M. Lambiase, S. Pisconti, F. Giuliani, C. Barone, M. Biglietto, V. Montesarchio, G. Tonini, D. Rizzi, S. Cinieri, R. Bordonaro, A. Febbraro, F. De Vita, M. Orditura, G. Colucci, E. Maiello
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Intestinal Metaplasia in Japan: Association With Diet&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A Nomura, H Yamakawa, T Ishidate, S Kamiyama, H Masuda, G N Stemmermann, L K Heilburn, J H Hankin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Of 1,749 volunteers in a screening program for gastric cancer in Japan, 206 men and 181 women received a systematic gastroscopic examination and responded to a dietary questionnaire estimating their quantitative intake of 33 food items during the past weeks. When diet was correlated with intestinal metaplasia (a precursor lesion of gastric carcinoma) found in gastroscopic biopsies, it was observed that more dried fish consumption and less vitamin A intake increased the extent of intestinal metaplasia in men. For women, there was a significant negative association of ume (pickled plum) intake with intestinal metaplasia. The implications of these findings were discussed in relation to gastric cancer.
Prospective validation of a risk score based on biological markers for predicting progression free survival in Binet stage A chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients: Results of the multicenter O‐CLL1‐GISL study
Authors: Massimo Gentile, Giovanna Cutrona, Laura Mosca, Serena Matis, Sonia Fabris, Marta Lionetti, Fiorella Ilariucci, Simona Zupo, Caterina Musolino, Luciano Levato, Stefano Molica, Francesco Di Raimondo, Iolanda Vincelli, Nicola Di Rienzo, Emanuela Anna Pesce, Francesco Angrilli, Massimo Federico, Antonino Neri, Manlio Ferrarini, Fortunato Morabito
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

A risk score based on three biological features (CD38, ZAP‐70, and IGHV mutational status) was previously developed to predict progression‐free survival (PFS) in untreated Binet A CLL patients. Here we perform a score validation analysis in a prospective and independent cohort of patients. Biological markers (CD38, ZAP‐70, and IGHV mutational status) and gene expression profiles (GEP) of leukemic cells from CLL patients included in a prospective multicenter observational study (O‐CLL1‐GISL protocol, clinicaltrial.gov ID:NCT00917549) were used to assess the value and reproducibility of this score. To date, 468 Binet A patients were classified as low‐ (0 positive marker), intermediate‐ (1 positive marker), or high‐risk (2 or 3 positive markers) using the progression risk score. The 3‐year PFS probability was 91.7%, 82.9%, and 57.4% for low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk ( P &lt; 0.0001) cases, respectively. These values were similar to those found in the original cohort. At Cox multivariate analysis, Rai stage, absolute lymphocyte count, progression risk score, and β‐2 microglobulin maintained an independent prognostic impact on PFS. This score remained a predictor of progression when analysis was limited to 371 Rai 0 cases ( P &lt; 0.0001). Finally, the cells from the different CLL risk groups showed differences in their gene expression patterns. These results confirm the ability of this progression risk score to predict PFS among Binet A patients. The utility of the score was also extended by demonstrating that it retains prognostic value when applied exclusively to Rai 0 patients. Specific transcriptional patterns were significantly associated with risk groups. Am. J. Hematol. 89:743–750, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cancer chemotherapy: ethics and practice.
Authors: G A Omura
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.8.1176 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2474061 Cancer chemotherapy: ethics and practice. G A OmuraxG A OmuraSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.8.1176 PDF "Cancer chemotherapy: ethics and practice.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 7(8), pp. 1176–1177© 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Emerging Treatment Paradigms in Radiation Oncology
Authors: Quynh-Thu Le, Hiroki Shirato, Amato J. Giaccia, Albert C. Koong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Rapid advancements in radiotherapy and molecularly targeted therapies have resulted in the development of potential paradigm-shifting use of radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer. In this review, we discuss some of the most promising therapeutic approaches in the field of radiation oncology. These strategies include the use of highly targeted stereotactic radiotherapy and particle therapy as well as combining radiotherapy with agents that modulate the DNA damage response, augment the immune response, or protect normal tissues.
Transcription factor EB (TFEB) regulates cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cellular senescence
Authors: Yusuke Kurita, Jun Araya, Hiromiti Hara, Kenji Kobayashi, Saburo Ito, Naoki Takasaka, Hiroshi Wakui, Yutaka Yoshii, Shunsuke Minagawa, Jun Kojima, Takanori Numata, Kenichiro Shimizu, Makoto Kawaishi, Yumi Kaneko, Katsutoshi Nakayama, Kazuyoshi Kuwano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Senescence has been implicated in the pathogenesis of COPD, and cigarette smoke is known to induce cellular senescence. One of the typical manifestations of cellular senescence is accumulation of damaged proteins and organelles, which is mainly regulated through lysosomal degradation. Recent advances demonstrate that TFEB is a central regulator of lysosomal biogenesis and cellular degradative pathways in association with autophagy machinery. Methods: Using human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC), senescence associated beta-galactosidase staining and western blotting of p21 were performed to evaluate senescence. Fluorescence microscopic detection of mature lysosome was performed by LysoTracker staining. To characterize the autophagy-lysosomal degradation pathway, western blotting of p62, ubiquitin, and LC3 were performed. TFEB expression levels were modulated by cDNA and siRNA transfection. Results: We demonstrated that TFEB expression levels were decreased in lung homogenates from COPD patients. CSE induced HBEC senescence with concomitant decrease in TFEB. CSE-induced HBEC senescence was inhibited by TFEB overexpression, while TFEB knock down further enhanced HBEC senescence. TFEB overexpression induced activation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, as demonstrated by increased LC3-II conversion in western blotting and enhanced dot formation in LysoTracker staining. Conclusion: These findings suggest that TFEB-mediated activation of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway plays a key regulatory role in CSE-induced cellular senescence. Thus, sufficient levels of TFEB induction may be a novel medical intervention to prevent cellular senescence in COPD pathogenesis.
A Thalamocortical Mechanism for the Absence of Overt Motor Behavior in Covertly Aware Patients
Authors: Davinia Fernández-Espejo, Stephanie Rossit, Adrian M. Owen
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

It is well accepted that a significant number of patients in a vegetative state are covertly aware and capable of following commands by modulating their neural responses in motor imagery tasks despite remaining nonresponsive behaviorally. To date, there have been few attempts to explain this dissociation between preserved covert motor behavior and absent overt motor behavior.To investigate the differential neural substrates of overt and covert motor behavior and assess the structural integrity of the underlying networks in behaviorally nonresponsive patients.A case-control study was conducted at an academic center between February 7, 2012, and November 6, 2014. Data analysis was performed between March 2014 and June 2015. Participants included a convenience sample of 2 patients with severe brain injury: a paradigmatic patient who fulfilled all clinical criteria for the vegetative state but produced repeated evidence of covert awareness (patient 1) and, as a control case, a patient with similar clinical variables but capable of behavioral command following (patient 2). Fifteen volunteers participated in the study as a healthy control group.We used dynamic causal modeling of functional magnetic resonance imaging to compare voluntary motor imagery and motor execution. We then used fiber tractography to assess the structural integrity of the fibers that our functional magnetic resonance imaging study revealed as essential for successful motor execution.The functional magnetic resonance imaging study revealed that, in contrast to mental imagery, motor execution was associated with an excitatory coupling between the thalamus and primary motor cortex (Bayesian model selection; winning model Bayes factors >17). Moreover, we detected a selective structural disruption in the fibers connecting these 2 regions in patient 1 (fractional anisotropy, 0.294; P = .047) but not in patient 2 (fractional anisotropy, 0.413; P = .35).These results suggest a possible biomarker for the absence of intentional movement in covertly aware patients (ie, specific damage to motor thalamocortical fibers), highlight the importance of the thalamus for the execution of intentional movements, and may provide a target for restorative therapies in behaviorally nonresponsive patients.
Family integration in pulmonary rehabilitation programmes: A pilot study
Authors: Alda Marques, Raquel Gabriel, Cristina Jácome, Joana Cruz, Dina Brooks, Daniela Figueiredo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) places a high burden on patients and their family. The World Health Organization has recommended family integration in rehabilitation interventions. However, Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) programmes for COPD typically focus on patients, neglecting the family. This study aimed to explore the needs and expectations of patients with COPD and respective family carers and assess their perspectives about their participation in a PR programme.  Nine patients with COPD (70±8yrs; FEV169±25%pred) and their family carers (64±11yrs) were recruited in primary care. Individual interviews were conducted to explore their needs and expectations about PR programmes. Focus groups were conducted after their participation in a PR programme. Data were audio-recorded, transcribed and submitted to content analysis.  Patients and carers identified the need for more information about COPD (nP=7; nC=5) and emotional support (nP=2; nC=3), and expected PR programmes to improve their skills to manage the disease (nP=9; nC=2). A PR programme with psychoeducation and exercise training was implemented, considering these findings. Participants reported that the programme helped them to cope better with the disease and patients found their carers to be less worried and living happier (n=3). The majority of carers reported self-benefits (n=6) and stressed the importance of on-going support to help themselves and their care receivers (n=2).  PR programmes inclusive of carers have the potential to enhance the skills of the whole family to manage COPD and, therefore, to promote a healthy adjustment to the disease. Future research should explore the impact of PR programmes within the family unit.
Assessment of optic disc anatomy and nerve fiber layer thickness in ocular hypertensive subjects with normal short-wavelength automated perimetry4 4The authors do not have a financial interest in any device or technique described in this article.
Authors: Andrea Mistlberger, Jeffrey M Liebmann, David S Greenfield, Sek-Tien Hoh, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Michael Marmor, Robert Ritch
Journal: Ophthalmology (2002)
Radiation and the Risk of Chronic Lymphocytic and Other Leukemias among Chornobyl Cleanup Workers
Authors: Lydia B. Zablotska, Dimitry Bazyka, Jay H. Lubin, Nataliya Gudzenko, Mark P. Little, Maureen Hatch, Stuart Finch, Irina Dyagil, Robert F. Reiss, Vadim V. Chumak, Andre Bouville, Vladimir Drozdovitch, Victor P. Kryuchkov, Ivan Golovanov, Elena Bakhanova, Nataliya Babkina, Tatiana Lubarets, Volodymyr Bebeshko, Anatoly Romanenko, Kiyohiko Mabuchi
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Risks of most types of leukemia from exposure to acute high doses of ionizing radiation are well known, but risks associated with protracted exposures, as well as associations between radiation and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), are not clear.
Treatment of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia
Authors: Domenico Corrado, Thomas Wichter, Mark S. Link, Richard N.W. Hauer, Frank E. Marchlinski, Aris Anastasakis, Barbara Bauce, Cristina Basso, Corinna Brunckhorst, Adalena Tsatsopoulou, Harikrishna Tandri, Matthias Paul, Christian Schmied, Antonio Pelliccia, Firat Duru, Nikos Protonotarios, NA Mark Estes, William J. McKenna, Gaetano Thiene, Frank I. Marcus, Hugh Calkins
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Interleukin-12 Therapy of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma Induces Lesion Regression and Cytotoxic T-Cell Responses
Authors: Alain H. Rook, Gary S. Wood, Elisa K. Yoo, Rosalie Elenitsas, David M.F. Kao, Matthew L. Sherman, William K. Witmer, Kenneth A. Rockwell, Ryan B. Shane, Stuart R. Lessin, Eric C. Vonderheid
Journal: Blood (1999)
Treatment of Progressive Pulmonary Sarcoidosis with Cyclosporin A
Authors: CHRISTOPH P. WYSER, EMMERENTIA M. van SCHALKWYK, BERTHOLD ALHEIT, PHILIP G. BARDIN, JAMES R. JOUBERT
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Conventional treatment of sarcoidosis is often only partially effective. We examined the effect of cyclosporin A (CsA) combined with prednisone for the treatment of sarcoidosis. Thirty-seven patients with biopsy-proven sarcoidosis were treated with either prednisone 20 mg/d in a prospectively tapered regimen (P) or with combination therapy consisting of prednisone 20 mg/d in a prospectively tapered regimen and cyclosporin A, 5 to 7 mg/kg/d (P-CsA) for up to 18 mo in an open-label randomized controlled trial. Evaluation was done at baseline and at 3, 9, and 18 mo of the degree of dyspnea, pulmonary function, chest radiographs, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and adverse events. Criteria for a good therapeutic response, improvement, treatment failure, and relapse were defined. Thirty-seven patients were treated for at least 9 mo and 18 for at least 18 mo. Six patients in remission were included in an intention-to-treat-analysis at 18 mo. The groups did not differ significantly with respect to therapeutic response from baseline. A significant (p < 0.05) improvement was observed in dyspnea until 9 mo (P) and 18 mo (P-CsA), and in lung function until 9 mo (P) and 3 mo (P-CsA). BAL results showed a significant decrease in lymphocyte counts at 9 mo for the P group only (p < 0.05). More side effects were observed in the P-CsA group than in the P group, including elevation of the mean serum creatinine concentration at 3 and 9 mo (p < 0.05), and a doubling of the number of infections in this group. Relapse after an initially good therapeutic response occurred in two of nine patients in the P group and five of seven patients in the P-CsA group (p < 0.07). Although CsA may have theoretical benefits in the treatment of sarcoidosis, our results do not support its use in this disease.
Optimizing Treatment of HER2-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: William J. Gradishar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

The treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer has benefited from a number of targeted agents. Although adjuvant trastuzumab has dramatically reduced progression--making metastatic disease far less common today--newer treatment advances are also impacting this disease. Dual targeting with pertuzumab and trastuzumab can extend the survival of metastatic disease by more 16 months, but despite such success, resistance to HER2 targeting remains a challenge. Drugs in the pipeline, such as neratinib, may help meet this therapeutic demand. In addition to anti-HER2 agents, chemotherapy is beneficial to patients with tumors 1 cm or larger, but the optimal treatment of smaller tumors is still a work in progress.
Comparison of quality of life in smoking and non-smoking COPD patients in India using St. George's respiratory questionnaire and COPD assessment test
Authors: Jyoti Londhe, Bill Brashier, Neha Iyer, Sapna Madas, Sanjay Juvekar, Sundeep Salvi, Peter Barnes
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Quality of life (QoL) assessment is an integral part of disease management and prognosis for all chronic illnesses, including COPD. Non-smoking (NS) COPD accounts for 25-45% of all COPD cases globally, and is relatively more common in India. There is little information on QoL of NS-COPD patients and how it compares with smoking (S)-COPD. We studied the QoL of NS-COPD using SGRQ and CAT and compared it with S-COPD. Methods: 80 smoking & 77 non-smoking physician-confirmed COPD patients with a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC 0.05). There was a strong correlation between SGRQ and CAT scores for both NS-COPD (r2= 0.54, p=0.0001) and S-COPD (r2= 0.67, p=0.0001). Interestingly, the SGRQ scores are higher in Indian patients than in Western patients for equivalent FEV1 values. Conclusion: Impairment of QoL of NS-COPD is similar to S-COPD in an Indian cohort.