tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Colebrook's Contributions
Authors: R. E. O. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Much psychiatric illness in adolescence is regarded as a transient phase of turmoil or crisis related to maturation, essentially a normal or even valuable experience.This book gives a trans-Atlantic perspective.Throughout, sociological factors are accorded a major role.Many of the authors are at pains to explain or defend, and some identify themselves with, the adolescent's counter-culture.An extreme example is the judgement that "the truly brilliant psychotics and criminals occupy high offices in govern- ment, in industry, and in the military," while most of those so-named are the victims of poverty, oppressive laws, and hypocritical values.A more moderate view
Ablation of hemophilic FVIII inhibitors with FVIII priming, cyclophosphamide immune suppression, and rapid tapering of FVIII immune tolerance
Authors: Nathan L. Kobrinsky, Diane E. Sjolander, Deb K. Moser, Dottie A. Stegman
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract The efficacy and toxicity of factor VIII (FVIII) priming, cyclophosphamide immune suppression, and rapid tapering of concurrent FVIII immune tolerance for subjects with hemophilic inhibitors were evaluated. Four subjects with hemophilic inhibitors were studied. Before treatment, inhibitors were present for a median of 8 months (mean 13 ± 14.0 months). The median FVIII inhibitor titer was 16 BU/mL (mean 27.2 ± 29.2 BU/mL). Following FVIII priming (80.0 ± 70.2 U/kg), subjects received cyclophosphamide 1,418 ± 636 mg/M 2 i.v. q3 weeks for 4.4 ± 1.7 courses. Subjects concurrently received a low (6 U/kg/day), moderate (30 U/kg/day), or high (100 U/kg/day) dose of FVIII followed by a rapid taper as the inhibitor titer decreased or resolved. During treatment, the inhibitor titer initially increased but then rapidly declined. Inhibitors resolved in 3.9 ± 2.9 months. One inhibitor recurred at 2.8 years, but it was successfully re‐treated. Effectiveness did not depend on the FVIII dose. Toxicity was minimal. Cyclophosphamide (1,400 mg/M 2 ) administered after a priming dose of FVIII (80 U/kg) i.v. q3 weeks for 2–6 cycles with a rapid taper of concurrently administered daily FVIII as the inhibitor titer falls is an effective approach to hemophilic inhibitor ablation. Am. J. Hematol. 76:180–184, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Incidence and Prognosis of Seizures in Infants After Cardiac Surgery With Profound Hypothermia and Circulatory Arrest
Authors: Abdolreza Ehyai
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Fifteen of 165 infants and young children who underwent surgical correction of congenital cardiac defects using profound hypothermic and circulatory arrest experienced generalized or focal seizures postoperatively. The cause of the seizures was unexplained in ten. Among these ten, the onset of seizures was 25 to 48 hours after surgery. With appropriate treatment, all had complete seizure control by the third postoperative day. During 11 to 54 months (mean, 35.6 months) of follow-up, no further seizures occurred and none had neurological abnormalities. Long-term anticonvulsant therapy was not required for any of the children. There was no correlation between the type of cardiac abnormality (cyanotic<i>v</i>acyanotic) or the duration of hypothermic circulatory arrest and the development of seizures. Unexplained seizures following cardiac surgery with hypothermia and circulatory arrest are not a sign of permanent brain damage and do not detract from the use of this technique for early definitive repair of congenital heart defects. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;252:3165-3167)
Large increases occur in cancers of skin and prostate
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Large increases in the incidence of melanoma, mesothelioma, and cancer of the prostate occurred between 1991 and 2000, detailed statistics from the Office of National Statistics show.

Cancers of the stomach and cervix showed large decreases in incidence—as did lung cancer in men, though it increased slightly in …
The Leading Diagnosis
Authors: Thomas E. Baudendistel, Amy K. Haase, Faith Fitzgerald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 23-year-old black woman presented to the emergency department with diffuse, colicky abdominal pain of 1 hour's duration. The pain was followed by nausea and episodes of bilious vomiting and did not radiate or change with the patient's position. The patient did not report fever, chills, diarrhea, hematochezia, or melena.
Hypertension: Prevalence, Risks, and Effect of Therapy
Authors: NORMAN M. KAPLAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

The current definitions of hypertension have led to falsely high estimates of its prevalence, inexact assessments of risk, and overly aggressive use of antihypertensive drug therapy. An analysis of available data shows that at least one third of persons found to be hypertensive on initial screening will not have elevated blood pressure subsequently; that persons with mild hypertension (diastolic blood pressure 90 to 104 mm Hg) are not at high risk for cardiovascular disease; and that many patients with mild hypertension should be treated with non-drug therapies unless their diastolic blood pressure remains above 100 mm Hg.
Methanol Poisoning-Reply
Authors: A. M. Tannenberg
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr. Wenger's observations on an outbreak of diarrhea in infants that was thought, but not proved, to be complicated by methanol poisoning, are of interest from the dual standpoints of the effects of peritoneal dialysis on severe diarrhea of infancy as well as of its role in methanol poisoning. Metabolic acidosis, coma, and acute renal failure are not uncommon sequelae of severe diarrhea of infancy. In such cases, peritoneal dialysis easily corrects the acidosis. If the infant is very dehydrated, the osmotic gradient between serum and dialysate will favor a shift of water from the dialysate to the systemic circulation. In addition, the glucose in the dialysate is a source of nutrition for the infant. Lastly, the efficiency of peritoneal dialysis is greater in infants than in adults because of the greater ratio of peritoneal surface area to body surface in infants. With respect to methanol poisoning in
Medicine Is No Longer a Man's Profession
Authors: C Eisenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

The influx of women into medicine during the past two decades has rescued the profession from a serious threat to its quality. Given what women have done for medicine, the time is overdue for the changes medicine must make to accommodate its new demography.Let's look at the facts.1 In 1967–1968, when women made up only 10 percent of the applicant pool and the size of the entering class was 9702, the ratio of applicants to first-year places was 1.9. This ratio should be at least 1.5, many think, to ensure the selection of well-qualified medical students. Had there been . . .
Virtual institute for informatics launched
Authors: D. Carnall
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The British government launch-ed its Virtual Institute for Health Informatics this week, though the planned star of the show--the review of the NHS information strategy by Frank Burns--once more failed to appear.

The institute, which has to date received only incidental funding estimated at £250000 ($400000), with many academics claiming to have paid their own expenses to get to the …
Bone Marrow Evaluation in Initial Staging of Lymphoma
Authors: Montserrat Cortés-Romera, Aida Sabaté-Llobera, Santiago Mercadal-Vilchez, Fina Climent-Esteller, Alfons Serrano-Maestro, Cristina Gámez-Cenzano, Eva González-Barca
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The evaluation of bone marrow infiltration (BMI) is of crucial importance in the staging of lymphoma. Although bone marrow biopsy (BMB) is the reference standard for the evaluation of BMI, it has limitations. PET/CT has become an excellent tool in staging of lymphoma, and bone marrow uptake is correlated with the involvement of lymphoma. The aim of this study was to assess the utility of PET/CT and its concordance with BMB in the detection of BMI in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL).One hundred forty-seven patients with DLBCL (84) and HL (63) were referred for a PET/CT and a BMB (unilateral) at the initial staging. The reference standard was BMB.Bone marrow infiltration was detected by PET/CT in 39 (26%) and by BMB in 21 (14%) cases. There was concordance between PET/CT and BMB in 128 patients (87%) (74 DLBCL, 54 HL), 21 with positive PET/CT and BMB results and 107 with negative PET/CT and BMB results. Discordant results were observed in 19 patients (14%); 18 of them with positive PET/CT and negative standard BMB results (not performed in active sites). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, as well as positive and negative predictive values of FDG-PET/CT for the detection of BMI were 95%, 86%, 87%, 54%, and 99%, respectively.PET/CT detects more bone marrow involvement in DLBCL and HL compared with BMB. Its good concordance with BMB makes it a complementary technique, as it helps select the biopsy site in cases with negative results.
Role of alcohol in the progression of liver disease caused by hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: George Ostapowicz, Katrina J. Watson, Stephen A. Locarnini, Paul V. Desmond
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

In patients with chronic hepatitis C, alcohol consumption has been proposed as a risk factor for the progression of liver disease; however, evidence for this remains conflicting. Two hundred thirty-four anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive patients who had a liver biopsy performed within the past 24 months were studied. Demographic data and information on risk factors were recorded. A detailed lifetime alcohol consumption history was obtained. Viral studies included HCV viral titer and HCV genotype. Mean age (+/- SEM) of the group was 40.8 +/- 0.7 years. One hundred sixty-six (71%) were male. A risk factor for HCV infection was found in 195 patients (86%). Genotype distribution was: 1b: 22%; 1a: 15%; 1(nonsubtypable): 15%; 3a: 34%; and 2: 7%. Fifty (21%) patients had cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis were older (51.6 +/- 1.8 years) than those with chronic hepatitis (37.6 +/- 0.6 years; P = .0001), were infected at an older age (25.9 +/- 2.0 vs. 20.9 +/- 0.6 years; P = .001), and had a longer duration of infection (20.5 +/- 1.3 vs. 16.2 +/- 0.5 years; P = .0008). Patients with cirrhosis had a greater total lifetime alcohol consumption (288,765 +/- 58,115 g) than those with chronic hepatitis (189,941 +/- 15,453 g; P = .018). Cirrhotic patients also had greater total alcohol consumption during the period of infection with HCV (240,962 +/- 63,756 g vs. 146,510 +/- 12,862 g; P = .02). On multivariate analysis, subject age and total alcohol consumption were independently associated with the presence of cirrhosis. Total lifetime alcohol consumption is a risk factor for the progression of liver disease caused by HCV.
KATP channel opening and cardioprotection
Authors: A. A M Wilde
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Journal Article KATP channel opening and cardioprotection Get access Arthur A M Wilde Arthur A M Wilde Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology University of Amsterdam; Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 26, Issue 11, November 1992, Page 1156, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/26.11.1156 Published: 01 November 1992
Regulatory reform proposals and the public health.
Authors: P A Buffler, A D Kyle
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

The U.S. Congress is considering legislation that would change policy for environmental health in important ways. Current approaches have been criticized for addressing the wrong set of priorities and consuming too many resources. The legislation requires additional analyses and sets new decision criteria to be applied to federal agency actions taken to protect the environment and public health. Close review of the legislation suggests that though it is intended to address identified problems, it is unlikely to lead to an improved basis for public policy and is likely to paralyze the regulatory process. Reform proposals that reduce rather than increase fragmentation of decision-making and that address problems comprehensively rather than selectively are needed.
CASES OF DIABETES MELLITUS WITH A LOW RENAL THRESHOLD
Authors: R. D. Lawrence
Journal: BMJ (1929)

DIABETES MELLITUS WITH A LOW-REINAL THRESbIO--D.[MDCLJOR of sanocrysin.He was discharged on August 15tl, 1928, witlh a normal temperature and pulse 72 to 92;.there was no sputtum.The physical signs and x-ray appearances were muich improved.9.A woman, aged 33; admitted March 3rd, 1928; onset December, 1927, " influienza," Most of the riglht lunig was affected, anid the left middle zone; L3, S2.Sputom was scanty.Evening temnperature G9O F., ptulse 84 to 120.She received a total of 4.5 grams of sanocrysin.When Cil ('charged, on Junie 5th, 1928, there was no sptutunm and the physical signls wer1e miuch fewer; tho improvement had been very r cpid in a sholt time.10.A woman, aged 24; admitted October 29th, 1927; onset August, 1924, pleurisy.There was extensive disease on the right with cavitation, anid slightdisease on the left; L3, S2.Sputum 3 to 4 oz.The evening temperature was 990 F., ptulse 88 to 108.She was given in all 6.6 grams of sanoc-ysin.Shie was discharged oni April 12th, 1928, with the physical sigilS nsuclh improved, sputum 112 oz., bacilli fewer but still present.The general improvement was maintained.She was, readniitted on October 2^th for a second course of sanocrysin (3.6 grams).When discilarged, oni December 22nd, there was fturther improvement in the physical signs and the sputum was negative,
Gene Transfer to Dorsal Root Ganglia by Intrathecal Injection: Effects on Regeneration of Peripheral Nerves
Authors: Xu Wang, Chaoyang Wang, Jieming Zeng, Xiaoyun Xu, Peter Y.K. Hwang, Woon-Chee Yee, Yee-Kong Ng, Shu Wang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Gene delivery to sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) offers the prospect of developing new clinical interventions against peripheral nerve diseases and disorders. Here we show that genes can be transferred to rat DRG through lumbar intrathecal injection of delivery vectors into the cerebrospinal fluid. Genes could be transferred to DRG using polyethylenimine (PEI)/DNA complexes, Lipofectamine 2000/DNA complexes, adeno-associated virus vectors, or baculovirus vectors. We also show that nerve growth factor cDNA, delivered through lumbar intrathecal injection of PEI complexes, was able to improve regeneration of transected rat sciatic nerves. These data demonstrate the viability of using an intrathecal gene delivery approach for treating peripheral neuropathies.
An Improved Technique for Inhalation Imaging
Authors: N ADISESHAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Because of several limitations associated with conventional ventilation scintigraphy using radioactive gases, an alternative method appears desirable. This paper describes in detail, an inhalation technique that employs heated, nebulized Tc-99m DTPA aerosol delivered from a compact, shielded unit. The technique described has proved satisfactory and superior to ventilation scintigraphy using radioactive gases.
The Problem of Suspected Recurrences in Cancer of the Alimentary Tract
Authors: K. Cronin, H. Ellis
Journal: BMJ (1958)

In recent years important advances have been made in the treatment of recurrent and disseminated cancer, re- sulting both in prolongation of life and in palliation of symptoms.Radiotherapy remains a well-tried and useful method of treatment for recurrences from a wide range of tumours, and to this has now been added the use of sex hormones and endocrine gland ablations for prostate gland and breast secondaries, radioactive iodine for thyroid metastases, and cytotoxins (Bodley Scott, 1958)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Authors: R Harries-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1990)

study.Similar high figures have been found for the whole South Western region (2 64/1000 in 1987; data provided by the regional information unit).The reason for the high incidence of the syndrome in Avon is unclear but may in part be due to the fact that equivocal findings are less likely to be recorded as a cause of death.If government recommendations to establish a paediatric patholo- gist in each region are implemented the difference between the incidence in Avon and elsewhere may diminish.
The Prognosis in Aortic Dissection (Dissecting Aortic Hematoma or Aneurysm)
Authors: RANDOLPH M. MCCLOY, JOHN A. SPITTELL, DWIGHT C. MCGOON
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Between 1945 and 1961 50 patients with aortic dissection were seen at the Mayo Clinic. Survival information for prognostic purposes was available in 40 patients and revealed that more than half of the patients were dead within a week. Of 15 patients who survived the acute phase (2 weeks) more than half were dead within a year. The cause of death was determined by necropsy in 24 patients and 22 died of external rupture of the dissecting aneurysm. In 11 patients a site of re-entry in the dissection was found and in all of these patients external aortic rupture had occurred also. The surgical approach to the treatment of aortic dissection is discussed in the light of these findings. The relationship of the location of the primary tear, blood pressure, and the age of the patient to prognosis is reviewed.
Evaluation of End-of-Life Cancer Care From the Perspective of Bereaved Family Members: The Japanese Experience
Authors: Mitsunori Miyashita, Tatsuya Morita, Kei Hirai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Surveying bereaved family members could enhance the quality of end-of-life cancer care in inpatient palliative care units (PCUs). We systematically reviewed nationwide postbereavement studies of PCUs in Japan and attempts to develop measures for evaluating end-of-life care from the perspective of bereaved family members. The Care Evaluation Scale (CES) for evaluating the structures and processes of care, and the Good Death Inventory (GDI) for evaluating the outcomes of care were considered suitable methods. We applied a shortened version of the CES to three nationwide surveys from 2002 to 2007. We developed the CES as an instrument to measure the structures and processes of care and the GDI as an outcomes measure for end-of-life cancer care from the perspective of bereaved family members. We conducted three nationwide surveys in 1997, 2001, and 2007 (n = 850, 853, and 5,301, respectively). Although six of the 10 areas of the CES showed significant improvements between the two time points investigated, we identified considerable potential for further progress. Feedback from surveys of bereaved family members might help to improve the quality of end-of-life cancer care in inpatient PCUs. However, the effectiveness of feedback procedures remains to be confirmed. Furthermore, there is a need to extend the ongoing evaluation process to home care hospices and general hospitals, including cancer centers, identify the limitations of end-of-life care in all settings, and develop strategies to overcome them.
Abstract 1544: Combined oncolytic virotherapy and immunotherapy for malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Z. Sheng Guo, Jingjiao Zhou, Mark E. O'Malley, Magesh Sathaiah, David L. Bartlett
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction. Oncolytic viruses have therapeutic potential in cancer by selectively replicating within malignant cells and/or other cells in the tumor tissues, causing cell death. Vaccinia virus (VACV) with deletion of viral genes encoding for thymidine kinase and vaccinia growth factor and armed with a chemokine gene encoding CCL5 (vvDD-CCL5) has been previously shown to be safe and efficacious in a murine colon cancer model (Li J. et al., Mol Ther., 19: 650-7; 2011). Here we explored combination therapy with the use of this armed oncolytic virus and immunotherapy in a murine malignant mesothelioma model in syngeneic BALB/c mice. Methods. The viral replication and oncolysis was examined in murine AB12 mesothelioma cancer cells in vitro, and the combination of oncolytic virus, IL-2 and anti-CD25 and anti-CTLA4 antibodies, was investigated in vivo to treat a murine model of peritoneal malignant mesothelioma (PMM) derived from AB12 cells in BALB/c mice. Results. In vitro, vvCCL5 and its parental virus vvDD replicate well in AB12 cancer cells and lead to efficient cytotoxicity in these cancer cells. In vivo biodistribution analysis indicated that both viruses displayed highly tumor selective replication; however, vvDD-CCL5 replicated to a greater extent and displayed increased persistence in the tumor tissue. As a result, vvDD-CCL5 was more efficient than vvDD, working in a viral dose-dependent manner and leading to increased survival of tumor-bearing mice. Combination therapy of virus with antibodies against CD25 and CTLA4 and IL-2 was investigated. Clearly, this has been the best strategy to treat AB12 PMM, achieving the best long-term survival of mice. We are currently investigating its cellular and molecular mechanisms by this combination leading to tumor regression and long-term survival of mice. Conclusions: The chemokine gene-armed oncolytic virus (vvDD-CCL5) is effective in a PMM tumor model. The combination of this virus with an immunologic regimen of Treg depletion and IL-2 treatment has been demonstrated to be highly efficacious for PMM. Further understanding of its cellular and molecular mechanisms of this treatment strategy will facilitate the optimization of combined therapeutic regimens for PMM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1544. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1544
Frequent Nocturnal Hemodialysis—A Step Forward?
Authors: Alan S. Kliger
Journal: JAMA (2007)

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"CAUTION IN USE OF MERCUROCHROME-220 SOLUBLE"
Authors: Edwin C. White
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The communication of Dr. Stolz (The Journal, April 7) seems to call for comment. The salts of organic bases generally exhibit an acid reaction in solution because of a greater or less degree of hydrolysis. It might, therefore, be expected that those salts, when brought into contact with the sodium salt of a comparatively weak organic acid, such as the soluble form of mercurochrome, would act like any other acid and precipitate the dye. I mixed equal volumes of 5 per cent. procain (a hydrochlorid of an organic base) and 2 per cent. mercurochrome-220 soluble. A red precipitate, which soon became gummy, was formed at once, and practically all the dye was thrown out of solution, as indicated by the faint color of the supernatant liquid. Precipitation of mercurochrome was also brought about by cocain hydrochlorid and codein sulphate. As it was thought possible that mercurochrome