tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Electron Microscopic Study of a Case of Dermatomyositis
Authors: W. Cochrane, D. V. Davies
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1965)

<h3>Abstract</h3> ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with significant morbidity and mortality that affects 5% of children, adolescents and adults worldwide. Pharmacological and behavioral therapies exist, but critical symptoms such as dysexecutive deficits remain unaffected. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, cross-over study we assess the cognitive and physiological effects of tDCS in adult ADHD patients in order to understand (1) the role of DLPFC laterality in ADHD dysexecutive deficits, (2) the physiological dynamics sustaining the modulation of executive function by tDCS, and (3) the impact of state-dependent dynamics of tDCS effect. The participants consisted of a random sample of 40 adult patients with a primary diagnosis of ADHD. Each patient performed three experimental sessions in which they received 30 minutes of 2mA tDCS stimulation targeting the left DLPFC (anodal F3, cathodal Fp2), the right DLPFC (anodal F4, cathodal Fp1) and Sham. Before and after each session, half of the patients completed the Flanker task (EFT) and the other half performed the Stop Signal Task (SST), while we assessed cognitive (reaction time, accuracy) and neurophysiological measures (EEG Event-Related-Potentials). Results show that anodal tDCS to the left DLPFC modulated cognitive (reaction time) and physiological measures (P300 amplitude) in the Flanker task in a state-dependent manner, but there were no significant effects in the Stop Signal Reaction Time of the SST. We interpret these results as an improvement in interference cognitive control (captured by the EFT) but not in action cancellation (assessed by the SST), supporting the hypothesis of the existence of different impulsivity constructs with overlapping but distinct anatomical substrates and therapeutic strategies. We conclude that anodal tDCS over the left DLPFC using a simple bipolar montage has pro-cognitive effects in dysexecutive patients with ADHD associated with the modulation of physiological signatures of cognitive control (i.e. treatment target), supporting specific hypotheses and strategies for neuromodulation treatment development under an experimental therapeutics framework aiming to link target engagement (cognitive and physiological) with clinical benefit. In addition, we also provide empirical evidence supporting the value of the P200, N200 and P300 as cross-sectional biomarkers of cognitive performance across tasks. Last, we provide mechanistic support for the state-dependent nature of the effects of tDCS, highlighting the importance of controlling the neural states before and during stimulation as a relevant therapeutic strategy.
Cell fate and organogenesis in bacteria
Authors: Dale Kaiser
Journal: Trends in Genetics (1999)

Intercellular signaling through the Notch receptor and its ligands leads to the spatial differentiation of cell fate in vertebrates and invertebrates. In Myxococcus xanthus, fruiting-body development requires the transmission of a cell-bound intercellular signal by the protein called C-factor, which is functionally equivalent to the eukaryotic Notch ligands. Functional parallels between these two signaling systems include strong positive and negative feedback, and a consequent role in spatial differentiation. Consideration of these parallels enables us to make testable experimental predictions about Notch and C-signaling.
An Effective Mucolytic Aerosol in Chronic Bronchitis
Authors: Mauricio J. Dulfano
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Oxymix is an experimental mucolytic aerosol agent containing ascorbic acid, sodium percarbonate, and copper sulfate which is vitro produces irreversible breakdown of mucin macromolecules. To assess its effectiveness in vivo the drug was given by aerosol to 20 patients with chronic bronchitis, in a single-blind crossover study of three weeks' duration. Administration of the drug was followed by statistically significant improvement in ventilatory tests, increase in sputum volumes, and decrease in sputum "apparent" viscosity. The water content, cellularity, and bacterial content of the sputum remained unchanged. There were no clinical or laboratory signs of toxic reactions in patients who were given oxymix by aerosol.
Abstract LB-168: Genistein sensitizes radio-resistant cancer cells through regulation of NF-kappaB
Authors: Su-Hyeon Kim, Yong-Sang Song
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: NF-kappaB is a key transcription factor involved in the control of normal cellular and organismal processes, such as immune and inflammatory responses, developmental processes, cellular growth, and apoptosis. However, NF-kappaB is persistently active in a number of disease states, including cancer. It has been reported that chemo- or radio- resistant cancer cells had elevated NF-kappaB activity. Recent studies including ours have showed that genistein, a soy-derived isoflavonoid, has antitumor activity in various cancer cells. Objective: In this study, we evaluated whether genistein could sensitize ionizing radiation resistance of cervical cancer cells through regulation of NF-kappaB. Methods: Six cervical cancer cell lines (HeLa, CaSki, C33A, ME180, SiHa, HeLa229) were treated by 20 Gy radiation with 50 M genistein or not. Cell growth rate was measured by MTT assay and protein expression level was analyzed by western blotting. Protein localization was observed by confocal microscopic analysis. NF-kappaB transcriptional activity was measured by luciferase reporter gene assay. NF-kappaB DNA binding activity was evaluated by electophoretic mobility shift assay. Results: Among six cervical cancer cells, HeLa and HeLa229 cells showed radio-resistance accompanied by elevated NF-kappaB activity. Ionizing radiation induced NF-kappaB nuclear transclocation and stimulated NF-kappaB DNA binding and transcriptional activities. However, pretreatment with genistein inhibited radiation induced transcriptional activity coincident to decreased radio-resistancy. Genistein also inhibited radiation-induced NF-kappaB regulated anti-apoptotic gene expression including c-myc, Survivin, XIAP, Bcl-2, IAP-1, TRAF, A1/Bfl-1 and FLIP. Conclusion: Taken together, genistein can sensitize radio-resistant cancer cells through regulation of NF-kappaB and could be used as a radio-sensitizer for the treatment of cervical cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-168.
DICAM inhibits angiogenesis via suppression of AKT and p38 MAP kinase signalling
Authors: Seung-Woo Han, Youn-Kwan Jung, Eun-Ju Lee, Hye-Ri Park, Gun-Woo Kim, Jae-Hwan Jeong, Min-Su Han, Je-Yong Choi
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2013)

Dual Ig domain-containing adhesion molecule (DICAM), a protein with homology to the junctional adhesion molecule family, has been demonstrated to interact with integrin αVβ3 that plays a critical role in angiogenesis. Here, we determined the role of DICAM during angiogenesis and the molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of angiogenesis.DICAM was expressed on the endothelial cells of large vessels to small capillaries. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), DICAM was up-regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through the MEK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Furthermore, the exogenous expression of DICAM in HUVECs suppressed angiogenesis in vitro Matrigel and in vivo plug assays, and conversely, DICAM knockdown enhanced angiogenesis. In addition, DICAM inhibited HUVEC migration and accelerated apoptosis via down-regulation of Bcl-2, but did not affect viability or proliferation of HUVEC. Mechanistically, the exogenous expression of DICAM suppressed VEGF-induced phosphorylarion of AKT and p38 MAP kinase. When integrin signalling was activated by vitronectin, a forced expression of DICAM attenuated integrin β3/FAK signalling and downstream AKT and p38 MAP kinase signalling in HUVECs.Collectively, DICAM suppressed angiogenesis by attenuating AKT and p38 MAP kinase signalling, which suggests that DICAM may be a novel negative regulator of angiogenesis.
Safety and prolonged activity of recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein in hemophilia A patients
Authors: Jerry S. Powell, Neil C. Josephson, Doris Quon, Margaret V. Ragni, Gregory Cheng, Ella Li, Haiyan Jiang, Lian Li, Jennifer A. Dumont, Jaya Goyal, Xin Zhang, Jurg Sommer, Justin McCue, Margaret Barbetti, Alvin Luk, Glenn F. Pierce
Journal: Blood (2012)
Biological properties of an influenza A virus-specific killer T cell clone. Inhibition of virus replication in vivo and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions.
Authors: Y L Lin, B A Askonas
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1981)

We tested two biological properties of a continuously growing mouse cytotoxic T cell line, L4, which is specific for influenza A virus and has been cloned and recloned many times. We previously reported that L4 cells are H-2 restricted and cross-reactive for all type A influenza viruses, whereas they do not recognize type B influenza viruses. They bear Thy-1 and Lyt-2 markers. In the present study, we show that L4 cytotoxic T cells protect mice against a lethal influenza infection on transfer to syngeneic recipients, and reduce virus titers in the lungs of mice challenged with a heterologous type A influenza virus. This provides further support for the active role of cytotoxic T cells in limiting virus replication in influenza infection. We could also demonstrate that the cloned cytotoxic T cells induce a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction in the footpads of mice challenged with live or inactivated influenza virus. This reaction can be observed at 24 h, but has declined by 48 h. A clone of cells derived from L4 that has lost its cytotoxic potential and its ability to recognize infected cells did not induce a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in the presence of virus. Thus, cytotoxic T cells actively killing influenza virus-infected cells are able to induce a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction to homologous and heterologous type A influenza viruses.
Proactive treatment of atopic dermatitis in adults with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment
Authors: A. Wollenberg, S. Reitamo, F. Atzori, M. Lahfa, T. Ruzicka, E. Healy, A. Giannetti, T. Bieber, J. Vyas, M. Deleuran
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Long‐term treatment for atopic dermatitis (AD) using low dose, intermittent, topical anti‐inflammatory agents may control acute disease and prevent relapses. This 12‐month, European, multicentre, randomized study investigated whether the proactive use of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment applied twice weekly can keep AD in remission and reduce the incidence of disease exacerbations (DE). Methods: During the initial open‐label period, 257 adults with AD applied 0.1% tacrolimus ointment twice daily (b.i.d.) for up to 6 weeks to affected areas. When an Investigator Global Assessment (IGA) score of ≤2 was achieved, the patient entered the disease control period (DCP) and was randomized to either proactive tacrolimus ( n = 116) or vehicle ointment ( n = 108) twice weekly for 12 months. Exacerbations were treated with 0.1% tacrolimus ointment b.i.d. until an IGA ≤2 was regained, then randomized treatment was restarted. The primary endpoint was the number of DEs during the DCP that required a substantial therapeutic intervention. Results: Proactive tacrolimus 0.1% ointment application significantly reduced the number of DEs requiring substantial therapeutic intervention (median difference 2; P &lt; 0.001; Wilcoxon rank sum test), the percentage of DE treatment days (median difference: 15.2%; P &lt; 0.001; Wilcoxon rank sum test) and increased the time to first DE (median 142 vs 15 days; P &lt; 0.001; stratified log‐rank test). The adverse event profile was similar for the two treatment approaches. Conclusion: A 12‐month, twice weekly proactive tacrolimus ointment application was an effective treatment in most study patients which prevented, delayed and reduced the occurrence of AD exacerbations.
Gordon David Rees
Authors: W. K Pallister
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former general practitioner Swansea (b Talgarth 1920; q London 1950; MBE, TD, DCH), d 19 December 2000.

The second world war interrupted his medical studies, and he served in the Royal Air Force as a navigator. During 27 years in general practice, he later assisted in the venereology clinic in Swansea and he was appointed consultant in genitourinary medicine at various hospitals in Wales. He served in the Royal Army Medical Corps Volunteer Reserve of the Territorial Army and became a lieutenant colonel. He leaves a wife, Beti; five children; and eight grandchildren.
Clues to the aetiology and pathogenesis of herpes gestationis
Authors: R.C. HOLMES, M.M. BLACK, W. JURECKA, J. DANN, D.C.O. JAMES, D. TIMLIN, B. BHOGALL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Clues to the aetiology and pathogenesis of herpes gestationis Get access R.C. HOLMES, R.C. HOLMES The Department of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE17EH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.M. BLACK, M.M. BLACK The Department of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE17EH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. JURECKA, W. JURECKA The Department of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London SE17EH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. DANN, J. DANN The Anthony Nolan Laboratory, St Mary Abbot's Hospital, London W8 5LQ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.C.O. JAMES, D.C.O. JAMES The Anthony Nolan Laboratory, St Mary Abbot's Hospital, London W8 5LQ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. TIMLIN, D. TIMLIN The Department of Computer Medicine, Westminster Hospital, London SW1P2AP Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. BHOGALL B. BHOGALL The Department of Experimental Pathology, Institute of Dermatology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC27BJ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue 2, 1 August 1983, Pages 131–139, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb07073.x Published: 01 August 1983 Article history Accepted: 20 January 1983 Published: 01 August 1983
Potentially Dangerous Forms of Drug Economy
Authors: K. Zinnemann
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Mill dressed up in a tight German suit put on back to front.This is well brought out in Cohen's survey.Physician-scientists will derive comfort from the following statement by the same author': "The measure of confidence that a hypothesis deserves may reasonably be affected, people think, by the results of new experiments to test it, or by discovery of new collateral information about the kinds of variation of circumstances to which it has already been submitted.It seems very paradoxical to suppose that this measure of confidence can be affected merely by changes in human terminology.To sup- pose the degree of a hypothesis's confirma- tion to be relative to a certain state of language seems quite out of accord with the normal patterns of scientific discourse, and it is highly doubtful whether scientists would profit by adopting such a supposition."Language is not a fundamental source of norms for the evaluation of theories about non-linguistic matters: rather it is itself exposed to criticism by standards of extra- linguistic origin.-Iam, etc.,
In the Garden at Children's Hospital
Authors: Edward M. McMahon
Journal: JAMA (1993)

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Cardiac Pacing for Prevention of Recurrent Vasovagal Syncope
Authors: David G. Benditt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Purpose: To review the status of cardiac pacing for the treatment of patients with recurrent vasovagal syncope. Data Sources: A MEDLINE search for English- and French-language articles published between 1980 and 1994 about cardiac pacing for prevention or treatment of vasovagal syncope. The term cardiac pacing was used in conjunction with the terms vasovagal, neurally mediated, or neurocardiogenic syncope, but not with the term carotid sinus hypersensitivity. Study Selection: Case reports and series from peer-reviewed journals were selected if they documented the presence of vasovagal syncope and assessed pacing effectiveness using tilt-table testing, clinical follow-up, or both. Four case reports and four series met these criteria. Data Extraction: Findings were summarized individually. Statistical analysis of combined data was inappropriate given differences among studies in patient selection, testing, and follow-up. Results: Pacing may be useful in selected patients with predominantly cardioinhibitory vasovagal responses. Pacing alone may eliminate symptoms in 25% of these patients and may prevent abrupt cardiovascular collapse in others (such as those in whom syncope occurs with minimal or no premonitory sensation). However, interpretation of most available reports has been limited both by the uncertainty associated with using the tilt-table technique to assess pacing effectiveness and by relatively short-term follow-up. Conclusions: The usefulness of cardiac pacing for patients with recurrent vasovagal syncope remains only partly understood. Randomized controlled trials are needed for this and other aspects of the treatment of this condition. Additionally, substantial room remains for innovation both in earlier recognition of imminent vasovagal syncope by implantable devices and in specifically designing cardiac pacing algorithms for treatment of this condition.
Immunotherapy with partially purified and standardized tree pollen extracts
Authors: J. Å. Wihl, H. Ipsen, B. Nüchel Petersen, E. P. Munch, H. Janniche, H. Løswenstein
Journal: Allergy (1988)

Patients allergic to tree pollen entered a 3‐year course of immunotherapy (1980–83) with either birch pollen extracts alone ( n = 26) or patient‐tailored extracts of birch, alder and hazel pollen ( n = 21). The clinical and immunological results of this study are published elsewhere. This paper contains an evaluation of skin prick test and nasal provocation test results. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups concerning these two parameters. In both groups the allergen‐specific sensitivity in the skin showed seasonal variations but a significant decrease. During the years of treatment there was also a significant decrease in the specific sensitivity of the nasal mucosa. With the present demands for purification and standardization of allergen extracts it is of practical and economic interest to know that tree pollen‐allergic patients showing positive reactions to birch, alder and hazel extracts can be effectively treated using birch pollen extract alone.
Targeted Overexpression of Vav3 Oncogene in Prostatic Epithelium Induces Nonbacterial Prostatitis and Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yin Liu, Jun Qin Mo, Qiande Hu, Gregory Boivin, Linda Levin, Shan Lu, Dianer Yang, Zhongyun Dong, Shan Lu
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Our previous study revealed that Vav3 oncogene is overexpressed in human prostate cancer, activates androgen receptor (AR), and stimulates growth in prostate cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to further determine the potential role of Vav3 in prostate cancer development in genetically engineered mouse model. We generated Vav3 transgenic mice by targeted overexpression of a constitutive active Vav3 in the prostatic epithelium. We found that overexpression of Vav3 led to development of mouse prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and prostate cancer at the age of as early as 3 months. The AR signaling axis and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt signaling were elevated in the prostate glands of Vav3 transgenic mice. In addition to prostate cancer, Vav3 transgenic mice developed significant nonbacterial chronic prostatitis in the prostate gland with notable infiltration of lymphomononuclear cells (monocytes, lymphocytes, and plasma cells), which was associated with elevated incidence of prostate cancer. DNA microarray and signaling pathway analysis revealed that the top diseases and disorders were inflammatory diseases and cancer of the prostate gland in Vav3 transgenic mice. In vitro analysis showed that overexpression of Vav3 in prostate cancer cells enhanced nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity, implicating an underlying mechanism of innate inflammatory response induced by elevated Vav3 activity. These data showed that Vav3 overexpression in the prostate epithelium enhanced both the AR signaling axis and NF-kappaB-mediated pathway, which potentially contributed to the development of nonbacterial prostatitis and prostate cancer.
The impact of JAK2 and MPL mutations on diagnosis and prognosis of splanchnic vein thrombosis: a report on 241 cases
Authors: Jean-Jacques Kiladjian, Francisco Cervantes, Franck W. G. Leebeek, Christophe Marzac, Bruno Cassinat, Sylvie Chevret, Dominique Cazals-Hatem, Aurélie Plessier, Juan-Carlos Garcia-Pagan, Sarwa Darwish Murad, Sebastian Raffa, Harry L. A. Janssen, Claude Gardin, Sophie Cereja, Carole Tonetti, Stéphane Giraudier, Bertrand Condat, Nicole Casadevall, Pierre Fenaux, Dominique C. Valla
Journal: Blood (2008)