tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<sup>18</sup> F-2-Deoxyglucose Deposition and Regional Flow in Pigs With Chronically Dysfunctional Myocardium
Authors: James A. Fallavollita, Bryan J. Perry, John M. Canty
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Hibernating myocardium in patients with collateral-dependent myocardium is characterized by relative reductions in resting flow and increases in the uptake of 18 F-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) in the fasting state. We performed the present study to examine whether these key physiological alterations could be produced in a porcine model of chronic coronary occlusion and to assess whether the adaptations consistent with hibernation varied across the myocardial wall. Methods and Results We chronically instrumented pigs (n=18) with a fixed occluder on the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD). Three months later, ventricular function, regional myocardial perfusion, and FDG deposition (by excised tissue counting or positron emission tomography) were assessed in pigs after an overnight fast in the closed-chest anesthetized state. Total LAD occlusion with angiographic collaterals was present in the majority of animals. Left ventriculography showed severe anterior hypokinesis, and resting perfusion was significantly reduced in the hibernating LAD region in comparison with the normal remote regions (subendocardium: 0.80±0.06 versus 1.07±0.06 mL·min −1 ·g −1 , P &lt;.001; full-thickness: 0.87±0.04 versus 0.99±0.06 mL·min −1 ·g −1 , P &lt;.01). There was a twofold increase in full-thickness fasting FDG uptake in the dysfunctional LAD region (1.8±0.2 by positron emission tomography versus 1.9±0.1 by ex vivo counting). Ex vivo tissue counting revealed a pronounced transmural variation in FDG uptake in the hibernating region (LAD/normal), which averaged 2.5±0.2 in the subendocardium, 1.9±0.2 in the midmyocardium, and 1.4±0.1 in the subepicardium. Conclusions These results demonstrate that pigs instrumented with a proximal LAD stenosis develop hibernating myocardium characterized by relative reductions in resting function and perfusion in association with increased uptake of FDG in the fasting state. The transmural variations in relative resting flow and FDG uptake suggest that myocardial adaptations consistent with hibernation are most pronounced in the subendocardial layers and vary in relation to local coronary flow reserve.
BEYOND LDL-CHOLESTEROL REDUCTION: EFFECT OF EZETIMIBE IN COMBINATION WITH ATORVASTATIN ON OXIDIZED LDL-CHOLESTEROL IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE OR CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE EQUIVALENT
Authors: Rabih R. Azar, Georges Badaoui, Antoine Sarkis, Mireille Azar, Hermine Aydanian, Serge Harb, Guy Achkouty, Roland Kassab
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Drug Safety Takes Cooperation
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1080-65 Factors impacting five-year survival after percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusion
Authors: David M Safley, Barry D Rutherford, John A House, Avinash Khanna, Warren L Johnson, Lee V Giorgi, Kenneth C Huber, Steven B Laster, Charles W Barth, James A Grantham, Steven P Marso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
A METHOD FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS ASPIRATION OF THE CONTENTS OF THE STOMACH AND THE FIRST PART OF THE DUODENUM
Authors: J. Edward Berk
Journal: JAMA (1942)

The difficulty of maintaining a tube in situ in the duodenal bulb can be appreciated only by those who have insisted on fluoroscopic control in every instance. The irritability of this part of the duodenum is such that after varying intervals the tip of an ordinary tube is displaced either forward or backward. None of the methods hitherto used to study the contents of the duodenal bulb 1 overcome this difficulty and still permit a free flow of stomach contents into the duodenum. Furthermore, it is sometimes desirable to be able to make simultaneous extractions from the stomach and duodenal bulb in order that the contents of these contiguous parts may be compared. We have been able to find records of only one investigation 2 utilizing a procedure which made this possible. The observations reported, however, were incomplete in that they were limited for the most part to single specimens
Elafin, a serine elastase inhibitor, attenuates post-cardiac transplant coronary arteriopathy and reduces myocardial necrosis in rabbits afer heterotopic cardiac transplantation.
Authors: B Cowan, O Baron, J Crack, C Coulber, G J Wilson, M Rabinovitch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

We have related experimentally induced post-cardiac transplant coronary arteriopathy to increased elastolytic activity, IL-1beta, fibronectin-mediated inflammatory and smooth muscle cell (SMC) migration, and SMC proliferation. Since our in vitro studies show that a serine elastase releases SMC mitogens and facilitates IL-lbeta induction of fibronectin, we hypothesized that administration in vivo of the specific serine elastase inhibitor, elafin, would decrease the post-cardiac transplant coronary arteriopathy. Cholesterol-fed rabbits underwent a heterotopic cardiac transplant without immunosuppression and received elafin (1.79 mg/kg per d continuous infusion after a 9 mg bolus, n = 6) or vehicle (n = 6). 1 wk later, hearts were harvested for morphometric, immunohistochemical, and biochemical analyses. A > 70% decrease in the total number of coronary arteries with intimal thickening in elafin-treated compared to control donor hearts (P < 0.002) was associated with reduced vascular elastolytic activity judged by fewer breaks in the internal elastic lamina (P < 0.03), less accumulation of immunoreactive fibronectin (P < 0.02), and reduced cell proliferation quantified by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (P < 0.0001). Despite myocardial lymphocytic infiltration, wet weight of elafin-treated donor hearts was reduced by 50% compared to untreated controls (P < 0.002) and associated with relative preservation of myocyte integrity, instead of extensive myocardial necrosis (P < 0.004). This protective effect correlated with decreased myocardial elastolytic activity (P < 0.0001) and inflammatory cell proliferation (P < 0.0001) and with an elafin-inhibitable elastase in lymphocytes. Serine elastase activity thus appears an important therapeutic target for post-cardiac transplant coronary arteriopathy and myocardial necrosis induced by rejection.
Comparative Analysis of State Fish Consumption Advisories Targeting Sensitive Populations
Authors: Alison C. Scherer, Ami Tsuchiya, Lisa R. Younglove, Thomas M. Burbacher, Elaine M. Faustman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2008)

Fish consumption advisories are issued to warn the public of possible toxicological threats from consuming certain fish species. Although developing fetuses and children are particularly susceptible to toxicants in fish, fish also contain valuable nutrients. Hence, formulating advice for sensitive populations poses challenges. We conducted a comparative analysis of advisory Web sites issued by states to assess health messages that sensitive populations might access.We evaluated state advisories accessed via the National Listing of Fish Advisories issued by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.We created criteria to evaluate advisory attributes such as risk and benefit message clarity.All 48 state advisories issued at the time of this analysis targeted children, 90% (43) targeted pregnant women, and 58% (28) targeted women of childbearing age. Only six advisories addressed single contaminants, while the remainder based advice on 2-12 contaminants. Results revealed that advisories associated a dozen contaminants with specific adverse health effects. Beneficial health effects of any kind were specifically associated only with omega-3 fatty acids found in fish.These findings highlight the complexity of assessing and communicating information about multiple contaminant exposure from fish consumption. Communication regarding potential health benefits conferred by specific fish nutrients was minimal and focused primarily on omega-3 fatty acids. This overview suggests some lessons learned and highlights a lack of both clarity and consistency in providing the breadth of information that sensitive populations such as pregnant women need to make public health decisions about fish consumption during pregnancy.
Early goal-directed therapy did not reduce mortality more than usual care in early septic shock
Authors: Andrew Muck, Bruce D. Adams
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club17 March 2015Early goal-directed therapy did not reduce mortality more than usual care in early septic shockAndrew Muck, MD, Bruce D. Adams, MDAndrew Muck, MDUniversity Hospital, San Antonio, UT School of Medicine San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA (A.M., B.D.A.)Search for more papers by this author, Bruce D. Adams, MDUniversity Hospital, San Antonio, UT School of Medicine San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA (A.M., B.D.A.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-162-6-004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationThe ARISE Investigators and the ANZICS Clinical Trials Group. Goal-directed resuscitation for patients with early septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2014;371:1496-506. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25272316Clinical Impact RatingsEmergency Med: Hospitalists: Infectious Disease: Critical Care: References1. Rivers E, Nguyen B, Havstad S, et al; Early Goal-Directed Therapy Collaborative Group. Early goal-directed therapy in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1368-77. [PMID: 11794169] Google Scholar2. ProCESS Investigators, Yealy DM, Kellum JA, Huang DT, et al. A randomized trial of protocol-based care for early septic shock. N Engl J Med. 2014;370:1683-93. [PMID: 24635773] Google Scholar3. Lagu T, Rothberg MB, Shieh MS, et al. Hospitalizations, costs, and outcomes of severe sepsis in the United States 2003 to 2007. Crit Care Med. 2012;40:754-61. [PMID: 21963582] Google Scholar4. Gaieski DF, Mikkelsen ME, Band RA, et al. Impact of time to antibiotics on survival in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock in whom early goal-directed therapy was initiated in the emergency department. Crit Care Med. 2010;38:1045-53. [PMID: 20048677] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University Hospital, San Antonio, UT School of Medicine San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA (A.M., B.D.A.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 March 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEarly goal-directed resuscitation for patients with severe sepsis and septic shock: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysisEarly goal-directed therapy vs usual care in the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review and meta-analysis 17 March 2015Volume 162, Issue 6Page: JC4KeywordsAntibioticsEmergency departmentMortalityRelative riskResuscitationSepsisShockVasopressorsVentilators ePublished: 17 March 2015 Issue Published: 17 March 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pancytopenia after administration of distalgesic.
Authors: G K Webster
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The abnormal lipid pattern is the first change to occur as hypothyroidism de- velops and the last to disappear on treat- ment, or remains the sole abnormal finding on inadequate therapy as shown in the data presented by Dr. Evered and his col- leagues.Although the lipid alteration is unexplained, it cannot therefore be dis- missed with the words, "the hepatic mechanisms for cholesterol excreion and catabolism are unlikely to be prescient of a future hormone deficiency."3The conclusions regarding T4 dosage, reached as a result of the excellent work by Dr. Evered and his colleagues, are in conflict with mine, based on simpler tests done on a great number of patients.Dr.Evered and his colleagues will warn that over-treated hypothyroid patients will suffer from fragile bones and I will con- tinue to warn that under-treated hypothyroid patients may die of coronary artery disease.-Iam, etc.,
The Pericardium and Its Disorders
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Twenty-one authors have contributed to this monograph. Apparently, to be successful, a<i>monograph</i>must be<i>polycrafted</i>. The crafting is commendable. The beginning chapter gives a historic view of pericardial disorders from the times of Galen, who first noted the heart's vestment and gave it its name, to the mid 20th century. Five chapters on functional anatomy, clinical features, graphic and radiologic diagnostic techniques, and basic physiology provide a background for individual disease presentations which command the larger part of the book. Despite good organization, the book displays some unevenness and overlap—the latter embarrassingly conspicuous in chapters 6 and 12 which deals with hemodynamics. Pulsus paradoxus, which is given repeated prominence in the text, is paradoxically nowhere to be found in the references. Graphic illustrations which abound in the overlong discussion of animal experiments (chap 3) are scarce or absent when needed for visualizing the frequently referred to pulse and pressure
Napkin-Ring Sign on Coronary CT Angiography for the Prediction of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Kenichiro Otsuka, Shota Fukuda, Atsushi Tanaka, Koki Nakanishi, Haruyuki Taguchi, Junichi Yoshikawa, Kenei Shimada, Minoru Yoshiyama
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
The Future of International Psychiatry
Authors: RAYMOND W. WAGGONER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

As President of the American Psychiatric Association and as a psychiatrist deeply interested in expanding the role of psychiatry in the international sphere, Dr. Waggoner reviewed the progress made in the development and promotion of transcultural research and information exchange. He emphasizes here the potential role of psychiatry in foreign affairs and points out ways in which psychiatrists in the United States and other countries can strengthen their international organization and communications in the pursuit of common objectives.
Gene polymorphisms, breast-feeding, and development of food sensitization in early childhood
Authors: Xiumei Hong, Guoying Wang, Xin Liu, Rajesh Kumar, Hui-Ju Tsai, Lester Arguelles, Ke Hao, Colleen Pearson, Kathryn Ortiz, Anthony Bonzagni, Stephanie Apollon, Lingling Fu, Deanna Caruso, Jacqueline A. Pongracic, Robert Schleimer, Patrick G. Holt, Howard Bauchner, Xiaobin Wang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Long-Term Treatment of Girls with Ornithine Transcarbamylase Deficiency
Authors: Nancy E. Maestri, Saul W. Brusilow, David B. Clissold, Susan S. Bassett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Ornithine transcarbamylase is an X-linked mitochondrial enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of citrulline from carbamoyl phosphate and ornithine. A deficiency of this enzyme leads to hyperammonemia and hyperglutaminemia. In boys the disease is often fatal when its onset occurs during the neonatal period, but it is milder when onset occurs later in childhood. Heterozygous girls may be normal or may have episodes of hyperammonemic encephalopathy and decline in cognitive function. We report here on the long-term outcome in girls with ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency enrolled in studies of treatments designed to activate new pathways of waste-nitrogen excretion.
1017. Genetic Predisposition of the Sensitivity of Prostate Cancer to Radiatherapy
Authors: Lilach Agemy, Zelig Eshhar, Itai Kela, Eytan Domany, Avi Orr-Urtreger, Anat Bar-Shira, M. Raphael Pfeffer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Ionizing radiation (IR) is the most common modality used to control localized primary prostate cancer (PC). For such patients, recurrence after radiation therapy occurs in approximately 30% to 50% of the cases within 10 years. Failure of radiation therapy in controlling localized PC results from either resistance of certain tumor cells within the tumor to the applied dose, and/or from failure to provide the optimal effective dose of IR to the entire tumor mass. In this respect, a critical problem lies in the lack of specific clinical parameters to accurately predict the treatment outcome.
Early ribavirin treatment and avoidance of steroids in HCV positiveliver transplant candidates: Preliminary report of a prospectiverandomized trial
Authors: L.S. Belli, A.B. Alberti, A. Airoldi, A. Cernuschi, G. Rondinara, L. De Carlis, D. Forti, A. De Gasperi, A. Corti, E. Mazza, G. Idéo, G. Pinzello
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
OT1-03-01: A Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Standard Adjuvant Endocrine Therapy +/− Chemotherapy in Patients (pts) with 1–3 Positive Nodes, Hormone Receptor (HR)-Positive and HER2−Negative Breast Cancer with Recurrence Score (RS) of 25 or Less: SWOG S1007.
Authors: AM Gonzalez-Angulo, WE Barlow, JR Gralow, F Meric-Bernstam, DF Hayes, CM Moinpour, SD Ramsey, AF Schott, DB Sparks, KS Albain, GN Hortobagyi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background Multi-gene tumor assays have provided clinically useful prognostic information for pts with HR receptor and node-positive breast cancer. The 21-gene RS was shown to be prognostic for pts treated with tamoxifen alone, and exploratory studies suggested that it may be predictive of benefit from chemotherapy. In retrospective analyses from SWOG S8814, pts with low RS appeared to get no benefit from adjuvant CAF chemotherapy, while those with higher RS did. These retrospective data require validation, especially since more modern chemotherapy might be more effective than the regimen used in S8814. Specific Aims/Trial Design: In January 2011, SWOG activated a phase III randomized clinical trial (registration number NCT01272037) to test the efficacy of using modern chemotherapy regimens in node positive pts with low RS, whose prognosis is still moderately poor but may not benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy based on tumor biology predicted by the RS value. The trial is similar to the Tailor RX study, but focuses on a node-positive population with low and intermediate RS. Eligibility Criteria: Pts with 1 to 3 positive lymph nodes, HR-positive and HER2−negative invasive breast cancer with RS ≤ 25 are eligible for randomization. Pts will be informed of their RS. Target and Present Accrual: Approximately 9400 patients will be screened to randomize 4000, stratified by RS (0-13 vs. 14–25), menopausal status, and axillary surgery (sentinel node vs. complete dissection); 46 are presently registered. Statistical Methods: The trial is powered to find a significant interaction of treatment assignment and the continuous RS value and, subsequently, derive a cut point for using the assay to guide treatment decisions. Pts who consent to screening are required to consent to banking of the tumor tissue and blood for further studies. Patient Reported Outcomes will be collected pre, post-screening and post-randomization. The study also has a cost-effectiveness analysis. Funding: Supported in part by National Cancer Institute grants CA32102 &amp; CA38926, and in part by the Susan G. Komen for the Cure® Research Program, and the Breast Cancer Research Foundation. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr OT1-03-01.
Flow cytometry in the diagnosis of drug‐induced thrombocytopenia: Two illustrative cases
Authors: Francesca Scognamiglio, Chiara Corso, Domenico Madeo, Giancarlo Castaman, Carlo Visco, Carlo Borghero, Marco Ruggeri, Francesco Rodeghiero
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Drug‐induced thrombocytopenia is a challenging diagnosis in the clinical practice because of the many drugs or alternative causes that may be implicated. Exact identification of such drug(s) is required to guide future management and avoid re‐exposure. We describe two cases of isolated thrombocytopenia in which cytometric analysis, a readily available technique, allowed the identification of the causative drug in the context of complex therapies (rifampicin and abciximab causing late onset thrombocytopenia). Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
System of Postgraduate Training
Authors: D. F. Hawkins
Journal: BMJ (1970)

DaySm,-In "Twenty-four Hours" on B.B.C. Television on 6 April there was shown what seemed to be a propaganda film for the J.H.D.A.To me it appeared to be slanted unfairly.The senior house-surgeon in a peripheral hospital with three consultants, a surgical registrar, and other house-surgeons was followed through a "typical working day" from 8 a.m. to 4 a.m. the following morning, and this gave the impression of portraying his usual working day.It was never suggested that he took part in a rota with the other firms, nor that any junior house-man did any work in casualty.Also, while
IRRIGATION OF THE COLON AS A THERAPEUTIC MEASURE.
Authors: GEO. J. LOCHBOEHLER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The introduction of water into the bowel per anum is made by injection and irrigation. In the former, only a small amount of fluid is required; in the latter, the quantity is indefinite, as it is immediately allowed to again leave the system. The fluid acts in part mechanically as a foreign substance, provokes expulsion movements, as a solvent for intestinal catarrhal products, and, where large quantities are used drags upon the upper intestinal coils, causing thermal changes and peristalsis. These large quantities are introduced by means of the rectal tube, made of soft rubber, preferably with the opening at the end, to prevent clogging by fecal masses, as often occurs where the tube opens on the side. An ordinary fountain syringe is attached to the tube and the flow and pressure of the fluid is readily controlled by constricting the tubing. It sometimes happens that the tube coils upon