tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carbohydrate metabolism in pregnancy. Part I. Diurnal plasma glucose profile in normal and diabetic women.
Authors: M D Gillmer, R W Beard, F M Brooke, N W Oakley
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Diurnal plasma glucose profiles and oral glucose tolerance during pregnancy were studied in normal women, chemical diabetics, and insulin-requiring diabetics. In normal women the mean diurnal plasma glucose rose by only 0.22 mmol/1 (4 mg/100 m1) during pregnancy. Mild chemical diabetes resulted in an increase in both the mean diurnal glucose concentration and the fluctuation of plasma glucose levels during the day. Fluctuation in glucose concentration in insulin-dependent diabetics was about three times that found in non-diabetic women of similar gestation, with relative hyperglycaemia during the day and hypoglycaemia at night. In non-diabetic women and those with chemical diabetes the mean dirunal glucose correlated closely with the total area under the three-hour oral glucose tolerance curve and significantly, but less closely, with the two-hour glucose tolerance test value.
A Data Bank for the Clinician?
Authors: James F. Fries
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The capacity of computers to store large quantities of data, rather than sheer power of computation, now permits the development of "data banks" of accumulated clinical experience, and allows rapid and efficient retrieval of this information. In at least three ways, the data bank can provide fundamental assistance to the clinician: by identifying the less productive activities within medicine; by supplying the missing clinical study; and by providing decision support for management of the individual case.Nonproductive activity, defined simply as that which does not contribute to making the patient better and the nation healthier, is prevalent in medicine. Charges . . .
Management and outcome of winter upper respiratory tract infections in children aged 0-9 years.
Authors: N C Stott
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Age-specific incidences for upper respiratory tract infections in children from a new-town population during 1975-7 were studied, and 965 consecutive upper respiratory tract infections in children aged under 10 during two winters were analysed in detail. Significantly different management plans made by seven doctors did not correlate with the clinical outcome as judged by complications, recall rates, and demand for treatment for similar episodes in the future. Two hundred and thirty-two children (24%) returned for another consultation for the same episode of upper respiratory tract infection. The main reason for these repeat consultations seemed to be that parental expectations about the natural history of the illness were not fulfilled. More realistic parental expectations might be set and safer clinical standards maintained if doctors warned parents about symptoms such as cough and occasional diarrhoea or vomiting that are commonly associated with upper respiratory tract infections in children.
Impaired TH17 Cell Production In Patients With Chronic Candida albicans Infections
Authors: E.D. Renner, T. Kusuma, A. Jansson, J. Sawalle, L. Schimke, J. Reichenbach, J. Roesler, M. Borte, T. Torgerson, H.D. Ochs, B.H. Belohradsky, S. Rothenfusser, M. Albert
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Power Unseen: How Microbes Rule the World
Authors: M Farrington
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Bernard Dixon Freeman, £16.99, pp 237 ISBN 0-7167-4504-6

Those frightened by the tabloid press's hysteria over the “flesh-eating virus” should spend any resulting wakeful nights reading Bernard Dixon's book. Although published too early to include necrotising fasciitis (indeed, it barely mentions Streptococcus pyogenes), this is a topical and informative amalgam of 75 vignettes about micro-organisms and their complex relations with Homo sapiens.

A refreshing air of scientific interest and common sense pervades, and I was reminded of the popular science books written by Isaac Asimov that caught the interest of many of my generation in the 1960s. Followers of Dr Dixon's regular contributions to …
Mechanisms of Drug Interaction
Authors: Harvey M. Solomon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

One drug may markedly influence the pharmacologic response to another in man. A variety of factors have been implicated in such drug interactions. The effective and safe use of potent drugs in man depends upon a thorough knowledge of their own actions and interactions with other drugs. The physician must also be alert to the possibility of drug interactions not yet described and must exercise caution in the addition or deletion of any drug from a therapeutic regimen.
Transesophageal Echocardiography To Assess Embolic Risk in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Claudia Stollberger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Transesophageal echocardiography visualizes the left atrium and its appendage, thrombi, and spontaneous echocardiographic contrast.To assess the association of transesophageal echocardiographic characteristics with stroke or embolism in atrial fibrillation.Multicenter observational follow-up study.Hospitals in Austria and Slovakia.409 outpatients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and without recent stroke.Patients with thrombi received anticoagulation, and patients without thrombi received aspirin.Primary events were stroke or embolism. Secondary events were death not caused by stroke or embolism and need for anticoagulation.In the left atrium or left atrial appendage, 10 patients (2.5%) had thrombi and 47 (12%) had spontaneous echocardiographic contrast. The appendage had a mean (+/- SD) length of 44+/-10 mm, a mean width of 23+/-6 mm, and a mean area of 5.8+/-2.5 cm2. Follow-up ranged from 1 to 74 months (mean, 58 months). Fifty patients had stroke or embolism, 53 died of a cause other than stroke or embolism, and 38 required anticoagulation. On univariate analysis, thrombi (risk ratio, 3.9 [95% CI, 1.4 to 10.1]; P = 0.009), length of the left atrial appendage (risk ratio, 1.6 [CI, 1.05 to 2.5]; P = 0.03), and width of the left atrial appendage (risk ratio, 2.4 [CI, 1.2 to 4.81; P = 0.01) were associated with stroke or embolism. Multivariate analysis identified hypertension (risk ratio, 3.6 [CI, 1.8 to 8.4]; P = 0.001), previous stroke (risk ratio, 3.7 [CI, 1.5 to 7.5]; P = 0.002), and age (risk ratio, 1.1 [CI, 1.0 to 1.11; P < 0.001) as risk factors for stroke or embolism and provided evidence of an association between thrombi and stroke or embolism (risk ratio, 2.4 [CI, 0.9 to 6.9]; P = 0.09).In outpatients with atrial fibrillation and without recent stroke, thrombi of the left atrium or left atrial appendage and length and width of the left atrial appendage were associated with stroke or embolism in univariate analysis. In a multivariate analysis, age, hypertension, and previous stroke were risk factors for stroke or embolism, and thrombi of the left atrium or left atrial appendage were possible risk factors. In these patients, history may be more useful than transesophageal echocardiography for the assessment of embolic risk.
Social Systems and the Criteria of Health as Defined by the World Health Organization
Authors: ANDRZEJ JUS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1973)

The main reason for the great discrepancy between the realization of the medical and the social criteria of health as defined by the WHO charter is the disproportion between the knowledge of technical sciences and of human nature. This is relevant to various social systems. There are in addition specific reasons for the discrepancies existing in Communist countries; such reasons include the practical difficulties inherent in creating a new human consciousness in a revolutionary way, a sharpening of the aggressive instincts by acceptance of the dogma of the class struggle, lack of an adequate communication system between the party and the population, and the instability of the value system, leading to a feeling of insecurity. Scientists of various disciplines represent the most productive social forces in society; they should play an important role in designing a unitary system of self-government for mankind.
Characterization of Gene Expression in Resting and Activated Mast Cells
Authors: Huaxian Chen, Michael Centola, Stephen F. Altschul, Henry Metzger
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1998)

To characterize gene expression in activated mast cells more comprehensively than heretofore, we surveyed the changes in genetic transcripts by the method of serial analysis of gene expression in the RBL-2H3 line of rat mast cells before and after they were stimulated through their receptors with high affinity for immunoglobulin E (FcepsilonRI). A total of 40,759 transcripts derived from 11,300 genes were analyzed. Among the diverse genes that had not been previously associated with mast cells and that were constitutively expressed were those for the cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor neurohormone receptors such as growth hormone- releasing factor and melatonin and components of the exocytotic machinery. In addition, several dozen transcripts were differentially expressed in response to antigen-induced clustering of the FcepsilonRI. Included among these were the genes for preprorelaxin, mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3, and the dual specificity protein phosphatase, rVH6. Significantly, the majority of genes differentially expressed in this well-studied model of mast cell activation have not been identified before this analysis.
The Hidden Persuaders — Toward Cleaner Air — Richard Mason
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

IT takes only a moment's reflection to realize how enormous is the influence of advertising on the modern way of life. In a forthright article in the Lancet on some of the dangers of advertising Dr. Ann Mullins has referred to Vance Packard's book The Hidden Persuaders, which calls itself "an introduction to the techniques of mass persuasion through the unconscious."These technics are only too familiar and are largely accepted as legitimate maneuvers in the highly competitive commercial field. For doctors and their patients, however, it has to be admitted that when the commercial method of advertising is ruthlessly . . .
Doctors could have greater role in spotting domestic violence
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Citing a rising tide of domestic violence towards women that often goes unreported, the BMA is calling on doctors to have a greater role in identifying abuse.

In a 111 page report the BMA said that health care professionals have a major role in helping women to disclose domestic violence and in ensuring that advice and support is then available to them. After family and friends, women are most likely to confide in their GP, the report said.

Although most women found their GPs and health visitors helpful, some doctors do not probe enough to uncover abusive situations. …
Topical pimecrolimus: a novel therapeutic option for Netherton syndrome
Authors: V. Oji, G. Beljan, K. Beier, H. Traupe, T.A. Luger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Topical pimecrolimus: a novel therapeutic option for Netherton syndrome Get access V. Oji, V. Oji Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von‐Esmarch‐Str. 58, D‐48149 Münster, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Beljan, G. Beljan Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von‐Esmarch‐Str. 58, D‐48149 Münster, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Beier, K. Beier Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von‐Esmarch‐Str. 58, D‐48149 Münster, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Traupe, H. Traupe Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von‐Esmarch‐Str. 58, D‐48149 Münster, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.A. Luger T.A. Luger Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Von‐Esmarch‐Str. 58, D‐48149 Münster, Germany T.A. Luger, E‐mail: lugerth@uni‐muenster.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 5, 1 November 2005, Pages 1067–1068, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06884.x Published: 01 November 2005
Lessons in Molecular Pathology
Authors: Alan S. Keitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

THE widespread application of peptide mapping and amino acid analysis to hemoglobin fractions isolated from patients with diverse abnormalities in red-cell function has resulted in an explosive proliferation in descriptions of new structural variants. Largely because of the new model of the three-dimensional structure of horse oxyhemoglobin from crystallographic data,1 the new mutants may be logically categorized, and their clinical expressions predicted. Certain essential structural criteria that exist for the optimal function of all mammalian hemoglobins have been outlined by Perutz and Lehmann in a remarkable exercise in clinicopathological correlation at a molecular level.2 Three features are basic to the . . .
Be alert to underlying malignancy in follow up of pneumonia…
Authors: Iain R Crossingham, Rebecca Grue
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Editor—Hoare and Lim recommend a repeat chest radiograph at six weeks for patients with pneumonia.1 However several studies have shown a high rate (5-13%) of underlying malignancy in heavy smokers who are older than 50 but do not have obvious pointers to a neoplasm.2,3 Consideration of early bronchoscopy in this group may avoid the delay in diagnosis that is inherent in waiting for six weeks.
PARP-1 suppresses adiponectin expression through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PPARγ in cardiac fibroblasts
Authors: Dan Huang, Chongzhe Yang, Yan Wang, Yuhua Liao, Kai Huang
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2008)

Our aim was to explore the mechanism underlying the transcriptional regulation of adiponectin and its receptors (AdipoR) in cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts. Using western blot and real-time RT–PCR assays, the expression of adiponectin and its receptors was determined. Using Southwestern blot and electrophoretic mobility shift assays, the DNA binding activity of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) was determined. The results showed that adiponectin and AdipoR1 were highly expressed in cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts. Inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) by 3-aminobenzamide, PJ34, or PARP-1 siRNA markedly increased the transcription of adiponectin and AdipoR1 in cultured fibroblasts, mature 3T3 L1 adipocytes, rat myocardium, and white adipose tissue. PPARγ was poly(ADP-ribosyl)ated by PARP-1 in cardiac fibroblasts under basal conditions. Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PPARγ prevented its binding to DNA. Inhibition of PARP-1 enhanced the DNA binding and transactivation of PPARγ and increased the transcription of PPARγ-target genes including CD36, lipoprotein lipase, and leptin in cultured fibroblasts. PARP-1 inhibits adiponectin and AdipoR1 expression as well as PPARγ transactivation through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PPARγ in cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts.
The Differential Diagnosis of Coma
Authors: Thomas D. Sabin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

LOSS of consciousness in a patient who cannot be aroused must be differentiated from psychogenic coma, akinetic mutism and the "locked-in" syndrome. Akinetic mutism is a prolonged state of relative immobility and silence; the patient may appear awake and may visually track the examiner around the room. Neurologic examination and the occasional occurrence of complex motor activity and speech indicate that this behavioral disturbance is not due to lesions of the elementary motor and speech areas. Bilateral discrete lesions of the rostral brain-stem or basomedian frontal regions may result in this syndrome.1 In the "locked-in" syndrome intact consciousness is concealed . . .
Immunoglobulin G4–related Disease in Genitourinary Organs: An Emerging Fibroinflammatory Entity Often Misdiagnosed Preoperatively as Cancer
Authors: Rodolfo Montironi, Marina Scarpelli, Liang Cheng, Antonio Lopez-Beltran, Maurizio Burattini, Ziya Kirkali, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2012)
K562-Derived Whole-Cell Vaccine Enhances Antitumor Responses of CAR-Redirected Virus-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes <i>In Vivo</i>
Authors: Ignazio Caruana, Gerrit Weber, Brandon C. Ballard, Michael S. Wood, Barbara Savoldo, Gianpietro Dotti
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Adoptive transfer of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific and cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific cytotoxic T cells (CTL) genetically modified to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) induces objective tumor responses in clinical trials. In vivo expansion and persistence of these cells are crucial to achieve sustained clinical responses. We aimed to develop an off-the-shelf whole-cell vaccine to boost CAR-redirected virus-specific CTLs in vivo after adoptive transfer. As proof of principle, we validated our vaccine approach by boosting CMV-specific CTLs (CMV-CTLs) engineered with a CAR that targets the GD2 antigen.We generated the whole-cell vaccine by engineering the K562 cell line to express the CMV-pp65 protein and the immune stimulatory molecules CD40L and OX40L. Single-cell-derived clones were used to stimulate CMV-CTLs in vitro and in vivo in a xenograft model. We also assessed whether the in vivo boosting of CAR-redirected CMV-CTLs with the whole-cell vaccine enhances the antitumor responses. Finally, we addressed potential safety concerns by including the inducible safety switch caspase9 (iC9) gene in the whole-cell vaccine.We found that K562-expressing CMV-pp65, CD40L, and OX40L effectively stimulate CMV-specific responses in vitro by promoting antigen cross-presentation to professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Vaccination also enhances antitumor effects of CAR-redirected CMV-CTLs in xenograft tumor models. Activation of the iC9 gene successfully induces growth arrest of engineered K562 implanted in mice.Vaccination with a whole-cell vaccine obtained from K562 engineered to express CMV-pp65, CD40L, OX40L and iC9 can safely enhance the antitumor effects of CAR-redirected CMV-CTLs.
German doctors claim shorter working hours threaten patient care
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Shorter working hours for doctors, as set out by the German government in a 1994 law but only now being fully enforced, would be a severe disadvantage to patients and to doctors themselves, claim junior surgeons from Hanover Medical School.

The Hanover surgeons are protesting at the working time law ( Arbeitszeitgesetz ), which demands restriction of their working time to 48 hours a week, followed by a rest of at least 12 hours, and includes audits from state officials. From 1 July medical directors and consultants will have to pay considerable punitive fees if their junior or senior …
Cognitive Dysfunction and Contact Sports
Authors: Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Daniel Perl
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Apolipoprotein E2-Christchurch (136 Arg----Ser). New variant of human apolipoprotein E in a patient with type III hyperlipoproteinemia.
Authors: M R Wardell, S O Brennan, E D Janus, R Fraser, R W Carrell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The primary structure of apolipoprotein E (apo E) was investigated in seven type III hyperlipoproteinemic patients with the apo E-2/2 phenotype. Six of the patients had identical two-dimensional tryptic peptide maps. These differed from the normal apo E3 map by the altered mobility of a single peptide. Amino acid analysis and sequencing showed that apo E2 in these patients had a substitution of 158 Arg----Cys. The presence of this mutation in six of the seven type III patients confirms that this is the most common form of apo E2. The seventh type III patient had a unique map with a new peptide resulting from a substitution of 136 Arg----Ser. He was heterozygous for this and for the more common apo E2 (158 Arg----Cys) variant. His very low-density lipoprotein contained approximately five times more apo E2 (136 Arg----Ser) than apo E2 (158 Arg----Cys), as determined by cysteamine treatment and peptide mapping. This new apo E2 mutant thus appears to contribute significantly to the patient's hyperlipidemia.
Sensitivities of Pityrosporum sp. to selected commercial shampoos
Authors: W. BUTTERFIELD, M.M. ROBERTS, V.K. DAVE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Sensitivity of 25 strains of Pityrosporum sp. to four commercial shampoos was tested using a gel diffusion method and determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs). All the shampoos when undiluted gave inhibition zones in the gel diffusion test with 13 of the 15 strains tested. Two strains were resistant to 'Polytar'. 'Polytar' was fungistatic, 'Selsun' 'Cetavlon P.C.' and 'Genisol' were fungicidal. MIC results showed the yeast to be most sensitive to 'Cetavlon' and 'Selsun'.
Fertile flukes and mediating molluscs.
Authors: P D Marsden
Journal: BMJ (1990)

practice committee should become publicly account- able.Fewer than half its members should come from the industry: the majority should represent the health professions and the public.(The United Kingdom Advertising Standards Authority, which has analogous functions, has only a minority of members from the advertising industry.)Complainants should have the same right to be heard as defendants; hearings should be open to the public, reports published, and a mechanism for appeals introduced.Adequate self regulation needs teeth: it needs sanctions that work.If publicity and mandatory corrections are ineffective then fines may be needed.Changes along these lines should be made as soon as possible, and their efficacy monitored by an impartial body.Editors of journals carrying advertisements could play a special part by performing their own critical scrutiny and taking a more robustly independent line.We thank Mr A D W Massam, secretary of the ABPI code of practice commiittee, for patiently answering our questions about the administration of the code.