THE MANAGEMENT OF MALIGNANT HYPERTENSION
Authors: M SOKOLOW, M F SCHOTTSTAEDT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Article1 April 1953THE MANAGEMENT OF MALIGNANT HYPERTENSIONMAURICE SOKOLOW, M.D., F.A.C.P., MARY F. SCHOTTSTAEDT, M.D.MAURICE SOKOLOW, M.D., F.A.C.P., MARY F. SCHOTTSTAEDT, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-38-4-647 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONHypertension varies strikingly in its clinical course. One of the unexplained vagaries of this condition is the fact that in some instances the disease may be most benign, with little vascular deterioration for a period of 10 to 20 years, while in other cases such deterioration may occur within a few years. One variety of hypertensive disease has been singled out as being particularly ominous and has been designated as malignant, because the downward course is usually measured in months rather than in years. Occurrence of the malignant phase may be detected by the appearance of papilledema, although in...Bibliography1. GoldringChasis WH: Hypertension and hypertensive disease, New York Commonwealth Fund, 1944. Google Scholar2. KeithWagenerKernohan NMHPJW: The syndrome of malignant hypertension, Arch. Int. Med. 41: 141, 1928. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. SchottstaedtSokolow MFM: The natural history and course of hypertension with papilledema (malignant hypertension), Am. Heart J., in press. Google Scholar4. Smith HW: Hypertension and urologic disease, Am. J. Med. 4: 724, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KennedyBarkerWalters RLNWW: Malignant hypertension in a child; cure following nephrectomy, Am. J. Dis. Child. 61: 128, 1941. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. Leiper EJ: Hypertension associated with unilateral renal lesion, Lancet 2: 439, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. Perry CB: Malignant hypertension cured by unilateral nephrectomy, Brit. Heart J. 7: 139, 1945. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar8. PowersMurray JHMF: Juvenile hypertension associated with unilateral lesions of the upper urinary tract, J. A. M. A. 118: 600, 1942. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. HatchRichardsSpiegl FNVRJ: Adrenal medullary tumor (pheochromocytoma), Am. J. Med. 6: 633, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. Krupp MA: Urinary sediment in visceral angiitis (periarteritis nodosa, lupus erythematosus, Libman-Sacks "disease"); quantitative studies, Arch. Int. Med. 71: 54, 1943. CrossrefGoogle Scholar11. Loeb RF: Renal insufficiency; reversible and irreversible, M. Clin. North America 28: 429, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar12. PeetIsberg MMEM: The problem of malignant hypertension and its treatment by splanchnic resection, Ann. Int. Med. 28: 755, 1948. LinkGoogle Scholar13. PageTaylor IHRD: Pyrogens in the treatment of malignant hypertension, Mod. Concepts Cardiovas. Dis. 18: 51, 1949. MedlineGoogle Scholar14. ReiserBrustShapiroBakerRansohoffFerris MFAAAPHMWEB: Life situations, emotions, and the course of patients with arterial hypertension. A. Research Nerv. and Ment. Dis., Proc. 29: 870, 1949. MedlineGoogle Scholar15. HuntSokolow SPM: Unpublished observations. Google Scholar16. Kempner W: Treatment of kidney disease and hypertensive vascular disease with rice diet, North Carolina M. J. 5: 125 and 273, 1944. Google Scholar17. SmirkAlstad FHKS: Treatment of arterial hypertension by penta- and hexamethonium salts, Brit. M. J. 1: 1217, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar18. Smithwick RH: Surgical treatment of hypertension, Arch. Surg. 49: 180, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar19. ThorpeWelchPoindexter JJWJCA: Bilateral thoracolumbar sympathectomy for hypertension, Am. J. Med. 9: 500, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar20. NaffzigerChamberlainBoldrey HFLE: Unpublished observations. Google Scholar21. Page IH: Treatment of essential and malignant hypertension, J. A. M. A. 147: 1311, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar22. KirkendallJanuary WMLE: The effects of bacterial pyrogens on malignant hypertension, Proceedings of the American Heart Association, Cleveland, April 1952. Google Scholar23. GreenNelsonDoddsSmalley DMJNGARE: Bilateral adrenalectomy in malignant hypertension and diabetes, J. A. M. A. 144: 439, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar24. Selye H: The role of the adrenal cortex in the pathogenesis of experimental hypertension. Hypertension: a symposium held at the University of Minnesota (editor, E. T. Bell), 1951, University of Minnesota Press, Minneapolis, p. 119. Google Scholar25. Merrill J: The role of the adrenal in hypertension, Ann. Int. Med. 37: 966-971, 1952. LinkGoogle Scholar26. WunschWarnkeMyers RERDGB: The effects of Dibenamine on severe hypertension, Ann. Int. Med. 33: 613, 1950. LinkGoogle Scholar27. FreisFinnertyWalsh EDFAWB: The treatment of severe essential hypertension, M. Clin. North America 3: 1741, 1950. CrossrefGoogle Scholar28. Goetz RH: The effect of sympatholytic drugs on the cardiovascular system in man with special reference to hypertension, Angiology 2: 1, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. Gibbs DF: Dihydrogenated alkaloids of ergot in the investigation and treatment of diastolic hypertension, Brit. Heart J. 14: 77, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar30. FreisStantonWilkins EDJRRW: The effects of certain dihydrogenated alkaloids of ergot in hypertensive patients, Am. J. M. Sc. 216: 163, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar31. Freis ED: Veratrum viride and hexamethonium in the treatment of severe diastolic hypertension, M. Ann. District of Columbia 20: 294, 1951. Google Scholar32. GrimsonReardonMarzoniHendrix KSMJFAJP: Effects of Priscoline on peripheral vascular disease, hypertension, and circulation in patients, Ann. Surg. 127: 968, 1948. CrossrefGoogle Scholar33. CurrensMyersMcGinty JHGSJS: Observations on the use of protoveratrine in hypertensive vascular disease, J. Clin. Investigation 31: 623, 1952. Google Scholar34. MeilmanKrayer EO: Clinical studies on veratrum alkaloids. I. The action of protoveratrine and veratridine in hypertension, Circulation 1: 204, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar35. Meilman E: The use of protoveratrine in hypertensive emergencies and chronic hypertension, Proceedings of the American Heart Association, Cleveland, April, 1952. Google Scholar35. HooblerCorleyKabzaLoyke SWRWTGHF(a) : Treatment of hypertension with oral protoveratrine, Ann. Int. Med. 37: 465, 1952. LinkGoogle Scholar36. PatonZaimis WDEJ: The pharmacological actions of polymethylene bistrimethylammonium salts, Brit. J. Pharmacol. 4: 381, 1949. Google Scholar37. PatonZaimis WDEJ: Paralysis of autonomic ganglia by methonium salts, Brit. J. Pharmacol. 6: 155, 1951. Google Scholar38. KilpatrickSmirk JAFH: Comparison of oral and subcutaneous administration of methonium salts in the treatment of high blood pressure, Lancet 1: 8, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar39. FreisFinnertySchnaperJohnson EDFAHWRL: The treatment of hypertension with hexamethonium, Circulation 5: 20, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar40. ArnoldRosenheim PML: Effect of pentamethonium iodide on normal and hypertensive persons, Lancet 2: 321, 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar41. Turner R: Medical sympathectomy in hypertension: a clinical study of methonium compounds, Lancet 2: 353, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar42. WerköFriskWadeEliasch LARGH: Effect of hexamethonium bromide in arterial hypertension, Lancet 2: 470, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar43. LocketSwannGrieve SPGWS: Methonium compounds in the treatment of hypertension, Brit. M. J. 1: 778, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar44. Schroeder HA: The control of arterial hypertension, Proceedings of the American Heart Association, Cleveland, April 1952. Google Scholar44. SokolowKaufmande Lappede Kruif MJGWD(a) : The treatment of malignant hypertension with hexamethonium, in preparation. Google Scholar45. Schroeder HA: Effect of 1-hydrazinophthalazine in hypertension, Circulation 5: 28, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar46. MackeyShaw WAGB: Paralytic ileus after hexamethonium, Brit. M. J. 1: 1205, 1951. CrossrefGoogle Scholar47. JohnsonFreisSchnaper RLEDHW: Clinical evaluation of 1-hydrazinophthalazine (C-5968) in hypertension, Circulation 5: 833, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar48. FreisRoseHigginsKelleySchnaperJohnson EDJCTFRTHWRL: The hemodynamic effects of hexamethonium in man, J. Clin. Investigation 31: 629, 1952. Google Scholar49. GrobLangfordKattusNewman DHGAAEV: The effects of hexamethonium (C6) and pentamethonium (C5) in hypertensive and normotensive subjects, Proceedings of the American Heart Association, Cleveland, April, 1952. Google Scholar50. KirkendallCulbertson WMJW: Some effects of hexamethonium on renal circulation, J. Clin. Investigation 31: 644, 1952. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Presented as a clinic at the annual meeting of the American College of Physicians, Cleveland, April, 1952. Received for publication October 21, 1952.From the Department of Medicine, University of California School of Medicine.Aided in part by the National Heart Institute of the United States Public Health Service, Grant H-754. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHypertonieGanglion-Blocking Agents in Internal MedicineAntihypertensive AgentsFive year survival of consecutive patients with malignant hypertension treated with antihypertensive agentsThe Management of Hypertensive Cardiovascular DiseaseCHRONIC RENAL INSUFFICIENCY. PART I: APPRAISAL OF THE PATIENT. PART II: TREATMENT*JAMES HOPPER JR., ALFRED BOLOMEY, R. WENNESLAND 1 April 1953Volume 38, Issue 4Page: 647-666KeywordsHeartHypertensionMedical servicesVascular diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1953 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright, 1953, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...