tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Application of Endoscopic Lugol's Solution Spraying Method for the Diagnosis of the Esophagitis: (For the follow-up Observation of Acute Severe Esophagitis)
Authors: Y. Akasaka, K. Kimoto, K. Kawai, S. Toriie, J. Okuda, Y. Kubato, K. Ida
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

Endoscopic Lugol's solution spraying method is valuable for the diagnosis of esophagitis or esophageal ulcer because: a) the margin of the lesion can be found clearly. The injured epithelium remains unstained or weakly-stained with modified Lugol's solution, b) The severity of the lesion can be judged by the degree of staining of injured epithelium (complete or incomplete staining), c) The repair of the injured epithelium can be observed morphologically and functionally by the recovery of the staining and the “fine wrinkle” surface pattern of the injured epithelium. In five cases of acute severe esophagitis, endoscopic follow-up studies were performed by the endoscopic Lugol's solution spraying method. During the healing process of esophagitis, the recovery of the staining and the surface pattern of injured epithelium was observed endoscopically. The repair of injured epithelium began within fourteen days and was completed from twenty-one to sixty-three days. The course of the repair of injured epithelium can be observed morphologically and functionally with this procedure and the healing of the esophagitis should be considered complete when there is full recovery of staining and surface pattern of the injured epithelium.
Context selection and the frame problem
Authors: D. L. Chiappe, A. Kukla
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Sperber and Wilson (1987) have criticised Fodor's (1983) pessimistic view about the possibility of a science of central systems. Fodor's pessimism stems from the holistic nature of central systems – people can access anything that they know when engaging in belief fixation. It is argued that Sperber and Wilsons theory of how relevance is realized during verbal comprehension fails to elucidate this crucial aspect of central processes. Their claims about how a context is selected are shown to presuppose the ability to realize relevance.
HBV precore mutants and response to interferon
Authors: M Lindh
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

It seemed likely that the expression of ICAM-1 on isolatedTo the Editor:hepatocytes resulted from the advent on the cell surface of antigen sites of ICAM-1, which has been masked by cell-to-In a 1995 issue of HEPATOLOGY, van Oosten et al. reported cell contact in the liver, possibly, as a consequence of conforon the quantitative expression of vascular adhesion moleculemational changes of ICAM-1 protein in the plasma mem-1 and of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) on liver brane during dissociation procedure.Recently, Loyer et al. parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells that were isolated reported that hepatocytes at the G0/G1 transition and followfrom rats given lipopolysaccharide using labeled antibodies. 1 ing cell-to-cell contact disruption expressed several early Their observations regarding ICAM-1 expression were as folgenes. 5This possibility should be also considered.lows: 1) hepatocytes, as well as nonparenchymal cells, However, we feel that it may be necessary to check the showed a basal expression of ICAM-1, although the expresupregulation of ICAM-1 expression on liver cells, especially sion on sinusoidal endothelial cells in untreated rats was two on hepatocytes, with liver tissue specimens of lipopolysacchatimes higher than that on hepatocytes and Kupffer cells; and ride-treated rats before the authors concluded the signifi-2) stimulation with lipopolysaccharide increased the exprescance of adhesion molecule expression in the development of sion of ICAM-1 2.5 times for hepatocytes and approximately liver injury during septic shock.4 times for endothelial cells and Kupffer cells.The authors concluded that such upregulation of ICAM-1 expression on hepatocytes following lipopolysaccharide ad-SATOSHI MOCHIDA, M.D., Ph.D.
Histology of the fascial-periosteal interface in lower limb chronic deep posterior compartment syndrome
Authors: T D A Barbour, C A Briggs, S N Bell, C J Bradshaw, D J Venter, P D Brukner
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2004)

To describe the histological features of the fascial-periosteal interface at the medial tibial border of patients surgically treated for chronic deep posterior compartment syndrome and to make statistical comparisons with control tissue.Nineteen subjects and 11 controls were recruited. Subject tissue was obtained at operation, and control tissue from autopsy cases. Tissue samples underwent histological preparation and then examination by an independent pathologist. Samples were analysed with regard to six histological variables: fibroblastic activity, chronic inflammatory cells, vascularity, collagen regularity, mononuclear cells, and ground substance. Collagen regularity was measured with respect to collagen density, fibre arrangement, orientation, and spacing. The observed changes were graded from 1 to 4 in terms of abnormality. Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman correlation coefficients, and intraobserver reliability scores were used.With regard to collagen arrangement, control tissue showed greater degrees of irregularity than subject tissue (p = 0.01). Subjects with a symptom duration of greater than 12 months (as opposed to less than 12 months) showed greater degrees of collagen irregularity (p = 0.043). Vascular changes approached significance (p = 0.077). With regard to the amount of fibrocyte activity, chronic inflammatory cell activity, mononuclear cells, or ground substance, there were no significant differences between controls and subjects. Good correlation was seen in scores measuring chronic inflammatory cell activity and mononuclear cells (r = 0.649), and moderate correlation was seen between fibrocyte activity and vascular changes (r = 0.574). Intraobserver reliability scores were good for chronic inflammatory cell activity and moderate for vascular changes, but were poor for collagen and fibrocyte variables. Individual cases showed varying degrees of fibrocyte activity, chronic inflammatory cellular infiltration, vascular abnormalities, and collagen fibre disruption.Statistical analysis showed no histological differences at the fascial-periosteal interface in cases of chronic deep posterior compartment syndrome, except for collagen, which showed less irregularity in subject samples. The latter may indicate a remodelling process, and this is supported by greater collagen irregularity in subjects with longer duration of symptoms.
Hypoglycemia Simulating Psychoses
Authors: Gilles Lortie, Dean M. Laird
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

SYMPTOMS resulting from a specific organic pathologic condition may be erroneously ascribed to a functional illness. This is usually because the physician makes a psychiatric diagnosis by exclusion, instead of remembering that functional illnesses as well as organic diseases have certain specific symptoms characteristic of these syndromes.Symptoms due to hypoglycemia have been erroneously diagnosed as idiopathic epilepsy, acute alcoholism, brain tumor, anxiety neurosis, hysteria or psychosis.The large number of patients with idiopathic epilepsy, brain tumors or hypoglycemia who exhibit loss of consciousness, confusional states, drowsiness and stupor, amnesia, clonic convulsions and tremors stresses the importance of differentiating hypoglycemia . . .
Gastric Uptake of Tc-99m MDP in a Child Treated with Isotretinoin
Authors: ARIE FRANCO, WILLIAM R. HAMPTON, BENNETT S. GREENSPAN, ALLISON L. HOLM, ROBERT E. O??MARA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

The side effects of prolonged isotretinoin therapy include progressive calcification of ligamentous and tendon insertions, premature fusion of epiphyses, and modeling abnormalities of long bones. Increased calcification of gastric mucosa has been reported only in animal studies, but not in humans. A case of a child who was treated with isotretinoin for 26 months for a dermatologic disorder and who showed abnormal gastric uptake of 99m-Tc MDP on a bone scan is reported.
Topical Use of Vioform
Authors: J. Overton
Journal: BMJ (1949)

DISEASESBRJTISH paraffin base, as he subsequently improved on ung.hydrarg.ammon.dil.Saunder (1946), who used vioform 1% in petrolatum in a mixed series of 14 cases, did not attempt any further study of the medication, because the incidence of irritation was too high and the beneficial results too poor.No systemic toxic effects due to absorption from the skin were encountered.In view of the internal use of "enterovioform," this was not surprising.
Why Do Elderly Migrate From High Altitudes?-Reply
Authors: Judith Regensteiner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In Reply.—  Both letters express concerns that elderly persons actually move from high altitude for reasons other than our finding of poor health. The questions raise the point that the cause of migration from high altitude is not known. The reason we under-took our study was to determine the reason(s) in actual high-altitude populations.  Dr Slater asks whether the study participants migrated due to isolation rather than to the effects of high altitude. Dr Popp suggests that dislike of climate was the cause of migration. Both of these factors were among those we investigated in the study. We interviewed a large number of persons (349 residents and 139 migrants at low altitude, 252 residents and 93 migrants at high altitude) from towns that were matched for degree of geographic isolation, climate, economic base, and availability of medical facilities. To determine reasons for migration, we asked the open-ended questions, Why did
High T790M Detection Rate in TKI-Naive NSCLC with EGFR Sensitive Mutation: Truth or Artifact?
Authors: Xin Ye, Zhong-Zheng Zhu, Lei Zhong, Yachao Lu, Yun Sun, Xiaolu Yin, Zhenfan Yang, Guanshan Zhu, Qunsheng Ji
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Loss of PRDM11 promotes MYC-driven lymphomagenesis
Authors: Cathrine Kolster Fog, Fazila Asmar, Christophe Côme, Klaus Thorleif Jensen, Jens Vilstrup Johansen, Tony Bou Kheir, Linda Jacobsen, Carsten Friis, Alison Louw, Louise Rosgaard, Nina Friesgaard Øbro, Hanne Vibeke Marquart, Kristian Anthonsen, Arie Koen Braat, Maarten van Lohuizen, Elisabeth Ralfkiaer, Kirsten Grønbæk, Anders Henrik Lund
Journal: Blood (2014)
Prostaglandins as Mediators of Hypercalcemia Associated with Certain Types of Cancer
Authors: Hannsjoerg W. Seyberth, Gino V. Segre, James L. Morgan, Brian J. Sweetman, John T. Potts, John A. Oates
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

We investigated the role of prostaglandins in the hypercalcemia associated with neoplasia. In patients with hypercalcemia and solid tumors the excretion of the major urinary metabolite of the E prostaglandins, 7 alpha-hydroxy-5, 11-diketotetranorprostane-1, 16-dioic acid (PGE-M), was significantly greater than normal, P LESS THAN 0.01 (median of 58.4 and 7.1 ng per milligram of creatinine respectively). Slightly elevated values were seen in normocalcemic patients with solid tumors (14.3 ng per milligram). The levels of the metabolite were normal in hypercalcemic patients with either hematologic neoplasia or primary hyperparathyroidism. Immunoreactive parathyroid hormone was undetectable in the plasma of all hypercalcemic patients with solid tumors. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by aspirin or indomethacin reduced excretion of both the urinary metabolite and serum calcium in six hypercalcemic patients with solid tumors and elevated excretion of the metabolite. These findings support the concept that prostaglandins are mediators of the hypercalcemia caused by certain solid tumors.
IMMUNITY AGAINST ZYMOTIC DISEASES.
Authors: WILLIAM J. CLASS
Journal: JAMA (1901)

It is not my intention to enter into the minor details of the various theories that have been advanced in regard to the production of immunity; but rather to show how this immunity is probably acquired in the majority of cases aside from a description of the exact chemical changes in the organism itself. A brief consideration of the chief theories and factors, however, may not be out of place. <h3>PHAGOCYTOSIS.</h3> The presence of bacteria within the white blood corpuscles was first noted by Koch in 1878. These bacteria —bacillus of mouse septicemia—according to Koch's statement, penetrated the white blood-corpuscles and multiplied in their interior. Sternberg, in 1884, stated that it was not improbable that the white blood-corpuscles digested or destroyed bacteria. Metschnikoff further elaborated this theory, which is now known under his name. Metschnikoff divided phagocytes or devouring cells, into two groups: fixed phagocytes, such as endothelial cells, giant
Molecular mechanisms of an inborn error of methionine pathway. Methionine adenosyltransferase deficiency.
Authors: T Ubagai, K J Lei, S Huang, S H Mudd, H L Levy, J Y Chou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) is a key enzyme in transmethylation, transsulfuration, and the biosynthesis of polyamines. Genetic deficiency of alpha/beta-MAT causes isolated persistent hypermethioninemia and, in some cases, unusual breath odor or neural demyelination. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying this deficiency has not been clearly defined. In this study, we characterized the human alpha/beta-MAT transcription unit and identified several mutations in the gene of patients with enzymatically confirmed diagnosis of MAT deficiency. Site-directed mutagenesis and transient expression assays demonstrated that these mutations partially inactivate MAT activity. These results establish the molecular basis of this disorder and allow for the development of DNA-based methodologies to investigate and diagnose hypermethioninemic individuals suspected of having abnormalities at this locus.
Mobilization and homing of peripheral blood progenitors is related to reversible downregulation of alpha4 beta1 integrin expression and function.
Authors: F Prosper, D Stroncek, J B McCarthy, C M Verfaillie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Despite the wide use of mobilized peripheral blood (PB) progenitor cells (PBPC) for clinical transplantation the mechanism(s) underlying their mobilization and subsequent engraftment are still unknown. We compared the adhesive phenotype of CD34(+) colony-forming cells (CFC) in bone marrow (BM) and PB of normal donors before and after administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for 5 d. G-CSF-mobilized PB CFC cells adhered significantly less to BM stroma, fibronectin, and to the alpha4 beta1 binding fibronectin peptide, CS1, because of decreased expression of the alpha4 integrin. Since incubation of BM CD34(+) cells for 4 d with G-CSF at concentrations found in serum of G-CSF- treated individuals did not affect alpha4-dependent adhesion, G-CSF may not be directly responsible for the decreased alpha4-mediated adhesion of PB CFC. Culture of G-CSF-mobilized PB CD34(+) cells with cytokines at concentrations found in BM stromal cultures upregulated alpha4 expression and restored adhesion of mobilized PB CFC to stroma, fibronectin, and CS1. Adhesion of cultured, mobilized PB CFC to stroma and CS1 could not be further upregulated by the beta1 activating antibody, 8A2. This indicates acquisition of a maximally activated alpha4 beta1 integrin once PB CFC have been removed from the in vivo mobilizing milieu. Thus, decreased alpha4 expression on CD34(+) CFC in PB may be responsible for the aberrant circulation of mobilized PB CD34(+) cells. Reexpression of a maximally activated alpha4 beta1 integrin on mobilized PB CFC removed from the mobilizing in vivo milieu may contribute to the early engraftment of mobilized PBPC.
Keeping score of antigraft T cells
Authors: Hema Bashyam
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

![Graphic][1] 

Activated CD4+ T cells expressing high levels of IL-7Rα (orange) infiltrate transplants. Transplanted organs function well in their new home only if they are left alone by the host's immune system. Now, Codarri et al. (page 

[1533][2]) have potentially found a way to
An Address on Diphtheritic and Related Forms of Paralysis
Authors: J. S. Bristowe
Journal: BMJ (1888)

DIPHTHItITIC paralysis ig SO interesting in itself, and has such interesting clinical relations with otlher paralytic affections, that I need make no apology for introducinig it for discussion, or for plunging at once in mnedias res by givitg brief details of a very instructive case of it which was under my care some years ago.CAsE r.-I1.A., a clergyman, aged 36, came into St.Thomas's Hospital on November 6th, 1879.Ile hiad had in the previous June a bad sore-throat, attended with enlargement of the glands
Understanding that looking causes knowing
Authors: David R. Olson, Bruce Homer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Barresi &amp; Moore provide an impressive account of how the coordination of first and third person information about the self and other could produce an account of intentional relations. They are less explicit as to how the child comes to understand the basic epistemic relation between experience and knowledge, that is, how informational access causes belief. We suggest one route.
Mastalgia and total body water.
Authors: P E Preece, A R Richards, G M Owen, L E Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Total body water (TBW) was measured early and late in a menstrual cycle in 56 women, 39 of whom had breast pain. The remainder were asymphtomatic controls. Most women did not conform to the traditional view that there is a premenstrual increase in TBW. In some TBW decreased, while in others there was no change from the early cycle measurement. No TBW pattern correlated with any syndromes of breast pain or with any psychoneurotic profile.
EFFECT OF THE CONCOMITANT USE OF SPIRONOLACTONE AND LOOP DIURETICS ON THE CLINICAL OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH NYHA CLASS 1 OR 2 CHRONIC HEART FAILURE
Authors: Yusuke Iwasaki, Takahisa Yamada, Takashi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Koji Tanaka, Masato Kawasaki, Yuki Kuramoto, Tadao Fujimoto, Kentaro Ozu, takumi kondo, Kaoruko Sengoku, Hironori Yamamoto, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Abstract LB-375: Development of new compounds specifically targeting prostate cancer bone metastases
Authors: Alice C. Levine, Barrie Weinstein, XinHua Liu, Steven Regan, Vasek Janout, Alexander Kirschenbaum
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: Bone metastases are a major cause of morbidity for men with prostate cancer (PCa). Although PCa cells produce osteoblastic metastases, there is an initial and ongoing osteoclast (OC)-mediated osteolytic phase that is essential for PCa bone metastases. OC-mediated bone resorption is dependent upon OC secretion of bone acid phosphatase. PCa cells in bone secrete high levels of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) which differs from BAP in that PAP enzymatic activity is inhibited by tartrate and glyceric acid, whereas BAP is tartrate-resistant. Hypothesis: PAP secreted by human PCa cells in bone acts similarly to OC-derived bone acid phosphatase to degrade bone matrix and enhance PCa bone-targeting and growth in bone. We developed new compounds consisting of glyceric acid or tartrate (known PAP inhibitors) conjugated to a bisphosphonate to inhibit PCa bone metastases. Methods: PCa bone metastases derived from 7 patients were immunostained for androgen receptor (AR), prostate specific antigen (PSA) and PAP expression. The VCaP human PCa cell line derived from a vertebral metastases was inoculated intratibially into SCID mice (n=8) and bone lesions immunostained for AR, PSA, and PAP. Co-cultures of MC3T3 osteoblasts and VCaP cells were treated with tartrate and the effects on cell number, PAP and bone alkaline phosphatase (ALP) secretion measured by ELISA. Glyceric Acid and Tartaric acid were then conjugated with alendronate and the effects of these new conjugates on PAP enzymatic activity were compared to alendronate alone and tartrate alone. Results: Human PCa bone lesions (7/7) had strongly positive expression of PAP, with little AR or PSA expression. 8/8 SCID mice inoculated with VCaP cells intratibially developed osteoblastic VCaP lesions and these similarly had high PAP expression and no PSA expression. Tartrate addition to co-cultures of VCaP and MC3T3 osteoblasts reduced MC3T3 cell numbers and ALP secretion. In vitro testing of the conjugates revealed that the glyceric acid-alendronate conjugate inhibited PAP enzymatic activity but the tartrate-alendronate conjugate and alendronate alone had no significant inhibitory activity. Discussion: We have evidence that PAP secretion by PCa cells enhances their bone metastatic ability. We have developed new bone-targeting agents that consist of alendronate conjugated to PAP-inhibitory small molecules for further development as oral agents to prevent and treat PCa bone metastases. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-375.
Bicuspid mitral bioprosthesis.
Authors: E Bodnar, N L Bowden, P J Drury, E G Olsen, I Durmaz, D N Ross
Journal: Thorax (1981)

A bicuspid mitral bioprosthesis was prepared by mounting glutaraldehyde-processed porcine pericardium onto commercially available Brownlee-Yates stents. The bioprostheses were inserted into 17 dogs. Haemodynamic performance and long-term function of the valve was assessed. Of the 11 animals in the survival group, eight died within the 24-72 hour postoperative period. The clinical picture of these animals revealed progressive left ventricular failure although the bioprostheses were tested and found competent both at insertion and at necropsy. The causes of the late deaths were deterioration of the porcine pericardium in two, and cerebral embolism in another. The acute haemodynamic studies showed a significantly high closing reflux from within the tubular bioprosthesis, and this reflux was found to be inherent in the design. It was concluded that any stented bicuspid valve where the stent assumes the function of the papillary muscles, has to be tailored so that parts of the tissue can assume the function of the chordae tendineae to minimise the closing reflux.
PERFORMANCE OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION ACCORDING TO THE APPROPRIATENESS USE CRITERIA DOES NOT IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOME
Authors: Israel Barbash, Danny Dvir, Itsik Ben-Dor, Rebecca Torguson, Zhenyi Xue, Lowell Satler, Kenneth Kent, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Ig V region restrictions in human chronic lymphocytic leukemia suggest some cases have a common origin
Authors: Grant R. Kolar, J. Donald Capra
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

The factors that contribute to the development of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) are unknown, and the groups of individuals at the greatest risk for developing this common leukemia are not well defined. Molecular features are important for classifying cases of B-CLL, and it is now apparent that similarities among Ig rearrangements between patients may give important clues to the origin of this disease.