tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P3-07-21: Sentinel Lymph Node Metastasis Are More Likely To Develop in Triple Positive Breast Cancer Patients without Compromising Disease Free Survival.
Authors: IT Rubio, M Espinosa-Bravo, I Cebrecos, A Sao, V Peg, S Di Cosimo, J Cortes, J Xercavins
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background. Lymph node metastasis are the most significant prognostic factor for breast cancer (BC) patients and the use of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLN) has generated an increased detection of positive nodes. In the last years, molecular subtypes have provided additional information on local recurrence and survival in BC patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the correlation between axillary SLN metastasis and molecular subtypes and whether this may have prognostic implications. Methods. A total of 497 patients with clinically node negative T1-T3 breast cancer underwent SLN biopsy from 2005 to 2009. Patients were divided in two groups depending on the timing of SLN biopsy. Patients were classified according to ER/PR/Her2 status as (ER/PR/HER2 + (TP), ER/PR/HER2 - (TN), ER/PR/+ HER2 - and ER/PR -HER2 +). For SLN metastasis the following variables were tested in univariable and multivariate models: age, tumor grade, tumor type, and the combined hormone receptors and HER2. Results: The SLN was positive in the surgery first group in 127 of 429 patients (29.6 %) while in 27 patients (34.7%) in the neoadjuvant group (p = 0.08). Forty patients (8.1%) were classified as TP, 25 (5.1%) as ER/PR - HER2 +, 364 (73.2%) as ER/PR+ HER2 - and 68 (13.6%) as TN. Triple positive BC patients were more likely to have axillary SLN metastasis compared to other molecular subtypes (p &amp;lt; 0.006). Multivariate logistic regression revealed age (≤ 50 years) and TP tumors to be independent predictors of SLN metastasis. Odds ratio (OR) for TP vs other molecular subtypes was 3.646 (IC 95% 1.566−8.488). OR for age ≤ 50 years was 2.353 (IC 95% 1.554−3.559). Disease free survival in TP patients tended to be longer compared to ER/PR - Her2 + and TN patients. Conclusions. Her 2 overexpression favours SLN metastasis in ER/PR positive tumors over other ER/PR status. Even with increased SLN metastasis, TP breast cancer patients do better than TN and ER/PR -/Her2 positive patients. Molecular subtype classification may holds more potential value in the decision-making process in patients with BC than the currently staging system. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-07-21.
The Tumor-Associated Antigen <b> <i>PRAME</i> </b> Is Universally Expressed in High-Stage Neuroblastoma and Associated with Poor Outcome
Authors: André Oberthuer, Barbara Hero, Rüdiger Spitz, Frank Berthold, Matthias Fischer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract Purpose: The tumor-associated antigen PRAME, a potential candidate for immunotherapeutic targeting, is frequently expressed in a variety of cancers. However, no information about its presence in neuroblastoma is available to date. We therefore evaluated and quantified PRAME expression in a considerable number of neuroblastoma tumors and assessed its impact on the outcome of patients. Experimental Design: Qualitative analysis of PRAME expression was assessed by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR screening of 94 patients with primary neuroblastoma. The same cohort was used for semiquantitative determination of transcript levels by Northern blotting, comparing the signal intensities of patients with those of testis total RNA. For more precise quantification of PRAME expression, real-time RT-PCR was performed in 88 patients of the above cohort and 7 additional patients, thus leaving a total of 101 patients that were analyzed with either method. Furthermore, association with tumor stage, age of patients at diagnosis, and MYCN amplification was determined as well as the prognostic impact of PRAME expression. Results: RT-PCR screening detected PRAME expression in 93% of primary neuroblastoma and 100% of patients with advanced disease. Furthermore, RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis showed a highly significant association of PRAME expression with both higher tumor stage (P &amp;lt; 0.01) and the age of patients at diagnosis (P &amp;lt; 0.01). Finally, precise quantification of PRAME expression by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR displayed significant impact on the outcome of patients. Conclusions: PRAME expression in neuroblastoma is extraordinarily common and was universally seen in patients with advanced-stage disease in our study. Furthermore, significant impact of PRAME expression on the outcome of patients was shown. Thus, PRAME may present a particularly attractive target for immunotherapeutic strategies in neuroblastoma.
Human ApoA-II inhibits the hydrolysis of HDL triglyceride and the decrease of HDL size induced by hypertriglyceridemia and cholesteryl ester transfer protein in transgenic mice.
Authors: S Zhong, I J Goldberg, C Bruce, E Rubin, J L Breslow, A Tall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the exchange of HDL cholesteryl esters with triglycerides of other lipoproteins. Subsequent lipolysis of the triglyceride-enriched HDL by hepatic lipase leads to reductions of HDL size and apoA-I content. To investigate a possible modulation of the effects of CETP by apoA-II, human CETP transgenic mice were cross-bred with transgenic mice expressing human apoA-II and, in some cases, human apoA-I and apoC-III (with human-like HDL and hypertriglyceridemia). CETP expression resulted in reductions of HDL and increases in VLDL cholesteryl ester in mice expressing human apoA-II, alone or in combination with apoA-I and apoC-III, indicating that apoA-II does not inhibit the cholesteryl ester transfer activity of CETP. However, CETP expression resulted in more prominent increases in HDL triglyceride in mice expressing both apoA-II and CETP, especially in CETP/apoA-II/apoAI-CIII transgenic mice. CETP expression caused dramatic reductions in HDL size and apoA-I content in apoAI-CIII transgenic mice, but not in apoA-II/AI-CIII transgenic mice. HDL prepared from mice of various genotypes showed inhibition of emulsion-based hepatic lipase activity in proportion to the apoA-II/apoA-I ratio of HDL. The presence of human apoA-II also inhibited mouse plasma hepatic lipase activity on HDL triglyceride. Thus, apoA-II does not inhibit the lipid transfer activity of CETP in vivo. However, coexpression of apoA-II with CETP results in HDL particles that are more triglyceride enriched and resistant to reductions in size and apoA-I content, reflecting inhibition of hepatic lipase by apoA-II. The inhibition of HDL remodeling by apoA-II could explain the relatively constant levels of HDL containing both apoA-I and apoA-II in human populations.
Pharmacologic and Chemical Tests as an Aid in the Diagnosis of Pheochromocytoma
Authors: GRACE M. ROTH, EUNICE V. FLOCK, WALTER F. KVALE, JOHN M. WAUGH, JAUNEITA OGG
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Today pharmacologic and chemical tests are helpful in screening a relatively large number of patients for pheochromocytoma and are a definite aid to a correct diagnosis. No one test is infallible, and knowledge concerning the drugs used or the manner in which the blood and urine are collected, or both, is necessary to avoid a false-positive or false-negative result from the tests.
Adaptation to ischemia during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Clinical, hemodynamic, and metabolic features.
Authors: E Deutsch, M Berger, W G Kussmaul, J W Hirshfeld, H C Herrmann, W K Laskey
Journal: Circulation (1990)

The clinical, electrocardiographic, and coronary hemodynamic responses to sequential 90-second occlusions of the left anterior descending coronary artery in 12 patients undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty were examined. Transmyocardial lactate metabolism was examined in an additional group of seven patients with clinical and hemodynamic features similar to the first group. We noted that in comparison with the initial balloon occlusion the second occlusion was characterized by less subjective anginal discomfort, less ST segment shift (0.44 +/- 0.13 versus 0.21 +/- 0.07 mV, p = 0.01), and lower mean pulmonary artery pressure (25 +/- 1.0 versus 20 +/- 1.7 mm Hg, p = 0.005). In addition, for the same heart rate-blood pressure product, cardiac vein flow during the second inflation was significantly lower than that recorded during the first inflation (96 +/- 1.4 versus 83 +/- 2.4 ml/min, p = 0.005). Finally, there was significantly less myocardial lactate production during the second inflation (lactate extraction ratio: first inflation, -0.11 +/- 0.03; second inflation, -0.03 +/- 0.02; p = 0.04). We conclude that the lessened clinical, electrocardiographic, hemodynamic, and metabolic evidence of myocardial ischemia during the second of two periods of coronary artery occlusion during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty supports the concept of adaptation to myocardial ischemia (ischemic preconditioning).
Reversion of epigenetically mediated BIM silencing overcomes chemoresistance in Burkitt lymphoma
Authors: Jose A. Richter-Larrea, Eloy F. Robles, Vicente Fresquet, Elena Beltran, Antonio J. Rullan, Xabier Agirre, Maria José Calasanz, Carlos Panizo, Jose A. Richter, Jesus M. Hernandez, Jose Roman-Gomez, Felipe Prosper, Jose A. Martinez-Climent
Journal: Blood (2010)
Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Frederick J Raal, Raul D Santos, Dirk J Blom, A David Marais, Min-Ji Charng, William C Cromwell, Robin H Lachmann, Daniel Gaudet, Ju L Tan, Scott Chasan-Taber, Diane L Tribble, JoAnn D Flaim, Stanley T Crooke
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
583 EVEROLIMUS IMMUNOSUPPRESSION REDUCES SERUM EXPRESSION OF FIBROSIS MARKERS IN LIVER TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS
Authors: A.F. Yunquera, M.M.S. Plaza, C. Ripoll, M. Puerto, D. Rincón, I. Yepes, M.V. Catalina, M. Senosiain, A. Matilla, G. Clemente, R. Bañares
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
STOX1 is not imprinted and is not likely to be involved in preeclampsia
Authors: Isabel Iglesias-Platas, David Monk, Jiska Jebbink, Maarten Buimer, Kees Boer, Joris van der Post, Frank Hills, Sophia Apostolidou, Carrie Ris-Stalpers, Philip Stanier, Gudrun E Moore
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
Neurotrophin-4 mediated TrkB activation reinforces morphine-induced analgesia
Authors: Guilherme Lucas, Panu Hendolin, Tibor Harkany, Karin Agerman, Gustavo Paratcha, Carl Holmgren, Yuri Zilberter, Mikko Sairanen, Liliana Minichiello, Eero Castren, Patrik Ernfors
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2003)
Thirty years follow-up of chronic asymptomatic HBsAg carriers: importance of occult infections
Authors: Mauro Manno, Antonella Grottola, Ilva Ferretti, Alessandra Colantoni, Nicola De Maria, Francesco Giannini, Chiara Vecchi, Marisa De Palma, Federico Manenti, Erica Villa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
FATAL SUPPRESSION OF URINE CAUSED BY LATENT HAEMAGGLUTININS
Authors: G. Shera
Journal: BMJ (1928)

WATAL SUPPRESSION OF URINE.t MEmeAI JOuRNA& but to the mechanical changinig of the patient's environ- ment.The specific gravity of the water is 1020, and the body is supported very liglhtly on the buttocks, the shoulders, a1nd the hack of the head, with the toes just touching the end of the bath to prevent the legs from floating free.The bath itself shares the rolling and pitching of the ship, but the water it containis has not time to respond,-nand keeps its level, with the patient immersed in it )artaking of its relative immobility.Watching a bathful of water in a rolling shipl the surface appears to slant this way and that with,the movejnient of the vessel, but a spirit level floated on a cork raft will show that the water is .unaffected.If the ship is pitching the lonig axis of the bath should be fore and taft; if rolling, athwart ship.The patient must not-he able to see the, apparent oscillationi of the .water,and the eyes should be banidaged-voluntary shutting is not enough, since in maany cases vertigo is increased by the effort of closing the eyelids.If this plroceduie is carefully followed it always, in niy experience, lesseils the dizziness and gives relief, which is valuable 'in severe cases, and often permanent.
Detection and Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast
Authors: Bhadrasain Vikram
Journal: JAMA (1996)

To  Editor.  —In their Editorial, Drs Page and Jensen1appear to be talking out of both sides of their mouths. On  one hand they underscore the urgent need for studies of prognosis and treatment for women with DCIS, but on  other hand they castigate2the only large-scale prospective randomized study on  subject to date (the NSABP B-17 trial).3,4One suspects that this was because  results of that study failed to support their opinion that a subgroup of women with DCIS can be identified for whom partial-breast treatment is adequate.  The NSABP B-17 trial randomly assigned women with DCIS (median lesion size of 8 mm) to whole-breast treatment vs partial-breast treatment groups and found that partial-breast treatment was inadequate and led to a significantly greater incidence of recurrences, particularly invasive recurrences.3Further multivariate analysis identified 2 independently significant prognostic features, involved surgical margins and comedo
Scotland needs a bed inquiry
Authors: M. G Dunnigan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

E—The National Bed Inquiry for England is welcome, especially if the remit extends to issues of accuracy and definition.1 My experience suggests that a similar inquiry is required for Scotland.

On 27 October 1997, in reply to a parliamentary question, Tam Dalyell was informed that with the completion of Lothian Health Board's acute services strategy there would be 2042 acute hospital beds in the board's three acute hospitals.2 These figures were grossly inaccurate, relating to a superseded 1993 strategy document. The true number of projected …
Changes in serum levels of glucosamine and sulphate after ingestion of glucosamine sulphate with and without simultaneous ingestion of glucose
Authors: B. A Biggee, C. M Blinn, M. Nuite, T. E McAlindon, J. E Silbert
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Glucosamine as its chloride or sulphate salt is now in widespread over-the-counter use for the treatment of osteoarthritis, ostensibly by stimulating or stabilizing cartilage chondroitin sulphate. Clinical trials have, however, provided equivocal results concerning its effectiveness,1–3 and measurements of serum4 and plasma5 glucosamine levels after ingestion indicate that circulating glucosamine levels are probably too low to have any direct effect on cartilage.

Suggestions have been made that the sulphate of glucosamine sulphate might have a positive clinical effect on cartilage as a result of an increase in circulating levels after its ingestion.6 7 This may be particularly pertinent because we previously described8 a 9.3% mean decrease of sulphate levels after three …
Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Jack E. Mobley
Journal: JAMA (1962)

SINCE CONN'S ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION of the disease in 1954, the clinical manifestations of primary aldosteronism have been well-defined, and the surgical correction of this entity has become established. No further discussion of the clinical picture or the basic principles of surgical correction seem necessary at this time. However, refinements in technique of diagnosis and treatment of the disease are always important. It is with this in mind that the following case report is presented, the most important aspect being the preoperative preparation of the patient with spironolactone (Aldactone). Report of a Case A 53-year-old housewife was admitted to Saint Anthony Hospital in Morrilton, Ark., on July 13, 1960, with a chief complaint of "high blood pressure." The patient had been followed by one of us (JEM) since 1957, for arterial hypertension. She had been treated with rauwolfia serpentina alone and in combination with hydralazine hydrochloride; and, after having failed to
Points: Oesophageal reflux and its myths
Authors: S T H Jenkins
Journal: BMJ (1979)

This would perhaps bring home to the DHSS the extent to which the consultants are financ- ing the Health Service by running their own cars.I personally as a consultant manage to run one mini.My wife wonders why I spend all this money running a car for the sake of the NHS when she never has the use of it.I feel that the time has come now for my wife to have the use of our car and to insist that the hospital provides transport when it is needed.
Chronic osteomyelitis. I. Factors affecting the results of treatment in 186 patients
Authors: W. F. West
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Certain factors affect the success or failure of surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis of the major bones of the extremities and the pelvic and shoulder girdles. This study included 186 patients with 217 surgical procedures. Follow-up periods varied from 4 to 14 years. Two important factors affected success: resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to penicillin G potassium or penicillin G sodium and duration of infection. Either of these factors alone did not mitigate against a successful result but when both were present in an etiologic group, such as chronic osteomyelitis in a fracture with union, failure was more frequent than success. Other factors associated with failure, such as scarred soft tissues and bony sclerosis, are a reflection of prolonged disease.
Expiratory flow limitation in COPD patients after single lung transplantation.
Authors: D Murciano, M H Pichot, J Boczkowski, C Sleiman, R Pariente, J Milic-Emili
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Expiratory flow limitation and dyspnea during resting breathing are common in patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although single lung transplantation (SLT) is used to treat end-stage COPD, its effects on flow limitation and dyspnea are not well established. We assessed expiratory flow-limitation and dyspnea in 13 COPD patients after SLT at rest in the sitting and supine positions by applying negative pressure at the mouth during tidal expiration (negative expiratory pressure [NEP] technique). If NEP increases flow throughout the control tidal volume (VT), flow limitation is absent (not flow limited [NEL]). If NEP does not increase flow during part of the control VT, flow limitation is present. After SLT, lung function improved in all but one patient. Twelve patients were NFL during resting breathing in both positions studied. The patient whose lung function did not improve after SLT was flow-limited (FL) both when seated and supine. This patient also exhibited moderately severe chronic dyspnea (Medical Research Council [MRC] score = 3). In the nine other patients in whom dyspnea was assessed, it was slight (MRC score = 1). In conclusion, after SLT for end-stage COPD, expiratory flow limitation at rest is uncommon in both the seated and supine positions. This is consistent with the finding that after SLT the degree of chronic dyspnea is generally slight.
Neuropsychological Function in Children With Maltreatment-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Sue R. Beers, Michael D. De Bellis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

OBJECTIVE: Studies in adults have reported changes in concentration, learning, and memory in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there are few studies of cognitive function in children with PTSD. The goal of the current study was to evaluate cognition in children with PTSD. METHOD: The cognitive status of 14 pediatric psychiatric outpatients with maltreatment-related PTSD and 15 sociodemographically similar children who were healthy and had not been maltreated was examined. Neuropsychological instruments measured language, attention, abstract reasoning/executive function, learning and memory, visual-spatial processing, and psychomotor function. RESULTS: The children with PTSD performed more poorly on measures of attention and abstract reasoning/executive function. CONCLUSIONS: Although based on a small number of subjects, these results support cognitive differences between children with and without maltreatment-related PTSD.
Amelioration of Diabetes Mellitus after Pituitary Infarction
Authors: Constantine S. Georas, George F. Meissner, John A. Dillon, Daniel G. Calenda
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

CLINICAL improvement in diabetes mellitus as a result of pituitary deficiency occurs uncommonly. It resembles the Houssay phenomenon produced experimentally in dogs.1 Only 14 cases had been reported up to the year of 1955, according to a review by Harvey and de Klerk.2 Since then, several other reports have appeared in the literature.The purpose of this communication is to present 3 additional cases and to review the recent literature.Case ReportsCase 1. E.C., a 30-year-old married woman, gravida 4, para 1, was admitted to the Providence Lying-in Hospital on September 15, 1954, because of abdominal cramps and vaginal . . .
SPECIFIC PRECIPITIN REACTION OF LEUKOCYTES
Authors: LUDVIG HEKTOEN
Journal: JAMA (1922)

We wish to report briefly the results of some experiments on the specific precipitinogenic action of leukocytes. The first experiments were made with extracts of dog and guinea-pig leukocytes obtained from the injection of suspension of wheat gluten in the pleural or peritoneal cavity. The leukocytes were washed many times in salt solution, and definite quantities by weight suspended in water and shaken thoroughly; an equal amount of physiologic sodium chlorid solution of double strength was then added, and the strength of the extract designated by the relation of the weight of the leukocytes extracted to the total quantity of the fluid used, this being usually 1: 10 or 20 or 100. Rabbits were injected intravenously at three-day intervals with increasing quantities of such extracts, say 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 c.c. of a 1: 20 extract, and the serum was tested about the fifth day after the last