tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 246: Reduced Prehospital Survival Rate After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2: A Prospective Community-Based Study
Authors: Daniel A van Hoeijen, Marieke T Blom, Abdennasser Bardai, Patrick C Souverein, Anthonius de Boer, Hanno L Tan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objectives: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains a major cause of death. We aimed to determine whether diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is associated with survival to hospital admission and to hospital discharge after OHCA. Methods: We performed a community-based cohort study of 1549 OHCA patients with ECG-documented ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF). Survival to hospital admission and to hospital discharge was compared between patients with T2DM and non-DM patients using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Among discharged patients, we compared the proportions of neurologically intact (NI) survival. All analyses were stratified according to T2DM disease severity. Results: Patients with T2DM (n=275) had lower survival rates to hospital admission than non-DM patients (n=1274, 48.7% vs. 55.8%, P=0.032). Patients with severe T2DM had lower survival rates to admission than patients with mild T2DM (37.3% vs. 53.3%, P=0.034). Multivariate analysis revealed that T2DM was an independent determinant of survival to hospital admission (OR 0.75 [95% CI 0.58-0.98]). Survival rates to hospital discharge were also lower in patients with T2DM (n=134) than in non-DM patients (n=711, 40.3% vs. 57.7%, P&lt;0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis among patients admitted to hospital showed that T2DM was associated with lower survival to discharge (OR 0.57 [95% CI 0.38-0.84]). NI-status at discharge was high in both patients with T2DM and non-DM patients (94.4% vs. 94.6%, P=0.954) Conclusion: Patients with T2DM had lower survival rates to hospital admission and to hospital discharge after OHCA than non-DM patients. T2DM was an independent determinant of lower survival.
Abstract 19028: Assessment of American Heart Association’s Ideal Cardiovascular Health Metrics Among Employees of Large Health Care Organization: the Baptist Health South Florida Employee Study
Authors: Khurram Nasir, Emir Veledar, Ehimen Aneni, Sankalp Das, Maribeth Rouseff, Thinh Tran, Don Parris, Leah Holzwarth, Henry Guzman, Theodore Feldman, Michael Ozner, Jonathan Fialkow, Bernie Fernandez, Arthur Agatston
Journal: Circulation (2014)

INTRODUCTION:  Health care organizations and their employees are critical role models for healthy living for their communities. The American Heart Association (AHA) 2020 goals provide a national framework, which can be used as track success of employee wellness programs focued on improving the cardiovascular health. The current study aims to assess the baseline cardiovascular health among insured employees of Baptist Health South Florida (BHSF), a large not-for-profit health care organization.   METHODS:  CVD health metrics were categorized into ideal, intermediate, or poor categories based on 7 CVD risk factors/health behaviors estimated among individuals participating in a voluntary annual health risk assessment (HRA) and wellness fair available to all employees.   RESULTS:  The sample consists of 9996 employees who participated in 2013 annual HRA and wellness fair (mean age 43.1±12.1 years, 75% women). Screening participants on average met 4.25±1.14 ideal cardiovascular health metrics. The table describes the prevalence of ideal CVD metrics among the study participant across age and gender. Only 60 (0.6%) of participants met the AHA’s definition of ideal health in all metrics and 36% met 4 or more ideal health metric The prevalence of having “intermediate” cardiovascular health (at least 1 intermediate metric and no poor metrics) was also 29.4%. Majority (70%) had “poor” cardiovascular health (at least 1 poor health metric). Overall 3/4 th  participants reached ideal status for smoking, physical activity levels, and glycemic control, whereas the majority of participants had poor to intermediate BMI and health diet score.   CONCLUSIONS:  Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health is low among employees of a large health care organization. Future tracking of the CVD metrics will provide critical feedback on the impact of system wide wellness efforts as well identify proactive programs to assist in progress toward the AHA 2020 Impact Goal.
Abstract P378: Behavior Patterns over 20 Years and their Relationship to Subclinical Atherosclerosis
Authors: Juned Siddique, Laura A Colangelo, Jared P Reis, Bonnie Spring, Arlen C Moller, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Kiang Liu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: While individual health risk behaviors are independently associated with CVD and mortality, these behaviors frequently co-occur. Less is known about combinations of behaviors and their relationship to subclinical atherosclerosis. Objective: To identify patterns of behavior from young adulthood through middle age and whether these patterns are associated with developing coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid intima-media thickening (IMT) over 20 years Methods: Our sample consists of all participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort study who completed the Year 20 exam (n = 3538). We assessed five healthy lifestyle factors at Years 0, 7, and 20: BMI (&lt;25 kg/m 2 ), alcohol intake (women: ≤ 15 g/day; men: ≤ 30 g/day), diet (best 40% of cohort by race and sex: high in potassium, calcium, &amp; fiber; low in saturated fatty acids), physical activity (&gt; 300 exercise units), not a cigarette smoker (Yes/No). We applied Latent class analysis (LCA) to these 15 binary variables in order to identify a discrete set of participant groups characterized by the presence or absence of behaviors. We then regressed CAC and IMT thickening on our identified groups to determine those behavioral patterns that are associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Regression models controlled for age, race, and gender. Missing values were replaced prior to analyses using imputation. Results: We identified six distinct behavioral patterns primarily characterized by combinations of the presence or absence of being overweight, smoking, and/or healthy diet and physical activity (HDiet&amp;PA; see table). Odds of CAC and IMT thickening were highest among the two smoking groups. Normal-weight non-smokers had the lowest odds of CAC and the least IMT thickening. Conclusions: We identified combinations of behaviors through young adulthood associated with varying burden of subclinical atherosclerosis in middle age. These data may suggest potential targets for primordial and primary prevention.
Exercise for intermittent claudication
Authors: A H R Stewart, P M Lamont
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Intermittent claudication is a common condition leading to significant functional impairment and enhanced risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, despite the functional impairment caused by intermittent claudication, the natural history in the affected limb is fairly benign. Only about 25% of patients show symptomatic deterioration and only 2% eventually lose the affected limb.1 This epidemiological evidence has led most clinicians in both primary and hospital care to manage intermittent claudication conservatively, addressing cardiovascular risk factors2 and giving advice on exercise. This may well be appropriate but merely giving advice about exercise is unlikley to be the most effective treatment.

Exercise as a treatment for intermittent claudication is not new, with improvements in walking described from as early as 1898. A recent Cochrane review of 10 randomised trials of exercise therapy estimated an overall improvement in walking distance of about 150%.3 The exercise component in all but one of these …
Pyrimidine Studies I. Effect of DON (6-Diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine) on Incorporation of Precursors into Nucleic Acid Pyrimidines
Authors: Maxwell L. Eidinoff, Joseph E. Knoll, Benjamin Marano, Loretta Cheong
Journal: Cancer Research (1958)

Summary  The incorporation of ureidosuccinic and orotic acid into the cytosine moiety of the nucleic acids of some mammalian tissues was significantly depressed by DON (6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine) relative to the effect on nucleic acid uracil and thymine. This “cytosine effect” was found in the case of liver, intestine, and tumor of rats bearing human tumor transplants H.S. #1 and H.Ep. #3 following single-dose intraperitoneal administration at a level of 3 mg/kg. This effect was also found in in vitro incorporation studies with rat liver as well as with tumor slices.  These results suggest that DON (or a compound derived biosynthetically from the latter) is interfering along a metabolic pathway leading from a uracil-containing metabolite to one containing the cytosine moiety. When uniformly labeled cytidylic acid-C14 was used as a precursor in vitro with tumor slices, DON had no appreciable effect on the incorporation of radiocarbon into the nucleic acid pyrimidines. When uniformly labeled uridylic acid-C14 was used, the incorporation of radiocarbon into RNA cytosine was appreciably reduced, relative to uracil. These results are in accord with the mechanism suggested above. The addition of relatively large concentrations of glutamine in an in vitro system partially reversed this effect of DON.
A family study of sex differences in the diagnosis of atypical schizophrenia
Authors: D W Loyd, J C Simpson, M T Tsuang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

It has been hypothesized that women are more likely than men to have atypical schizophrenia. Among 984 relatives of patients with typical and atypical schizophrenia, the odds of having atypical schizophrenia did not differ by sex.
Abstract 8626: Multi Detector CT Accurately Defines Infarct Size, but not Microvascular Obstruction Post Myocardial Infarction, and Sodium Nitrite Increases Microvascular Obstruction Region Blood Flow without Affecting CT Hypoenchancement Area
Authors: John F O'Sullivan, Anne-Laure Leblond, John O'Dea, Ivalina Hristova, Sujith Kumar, Noel M Caplice
Journal: Circulation (2011)

John F O'Sullivan, 2011 Finalist and Presenting Author
Abstract 2687: CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 modulates AKT, NF-kB, TP53 and MEK inhibitor PD-325901 targets AP1 mediated CK2 inhibitor drug resistance in head and neck cancer
Authors: Yansong Bian, Jiawei Han, Vishnu Kannabiran, Suresh Mohan, Jay Friedman, Kenna Anderes, Zhong Chen, Carter Van Waes
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We previously identified upregulated kinase CK2 as an activator of NF-B and repressor of TP53 in promoting the malignant phenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Here, we investigate the anti-tumor effects of a small molecule CK2 inhibitor CX-4945, alone and in combination with MEK inhibitor PD-0325901 (PD-901), in human HNSCC models in vitro and in vivo. CX-4945 IC50s ranged from 3.4 µM to 11.9 µM in 9 UMSCC cell lines. CX-4945 caused S and G2/M cell cycle arrest, and induced sub-G0 DNA fragments, indicating cell death. CX-4945 inhibited NF-B and BcL-XL prosurvival reporter genes in wild type (wt) TP53 (UMSCC1) and mutant (mt) TP53 (UMSCC46) cell lines, and concurrently upregulated proapoptotic TP53, p21 and prosurvival AP-1 activity only in the wtTP53 cell line. Correspondingly, CK2 phosphorylation of AKT S129 as well as T308 and S473 prosurvival signaling was reduced in both cell lines, but AP-1 inducing p-Erk1/2Thr202/204 was increased in the wtTP53 cell line. In the UMSCC1 xenografts, CX-4945 treatment significantly decreased PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway signaling by immunostaining. While CX-4945 increased TP53 and TUNEL apoptosis marker staining at early time points (13 days after CX4945 treatment), an opposing increase in p-Erk, FosL1, cJun, JunB, and proliferation (Ki67) were also observed. Consistent with these opposing effects, no significant tumor reduction or improvement in survival was observed by CX-4945 alone. However, combination of CX-4945 with MEK/ERK inhibitor PD-901 exhibited significant synergistic anti-proliferative effects in vitro. Significant anti-tumor effects were observed with MEK inhibitor alone and in combination with CX-4945 in vivo, further supporting a role for MEK/ERK/AP-1 in resistance to CX-4945 in this HNSCC model. Supported by NIH Medical Research Scholars Program and NIDCD intramural projects ZIA-DC-000016, 73 and 74. Citation Format: Yansong Bian, Jiawei Han, Vishnu Kannabiran, Suresh Mohan, Jay Friedman, Kenna Anderes, Zhong Chen, Carter Van Waes. CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 modulates AKT, NF-kB, TP53 and MEK inhibitor PD-325901 targets AP1 mediated CK2 inhibitor drug resistance in head and neck cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2687. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2687
Chagas disease in Italy: breaking an epidemiological silence
Authors: A Angheben, M Anselmi, F Gobbi, S Marocco, G Monteiro, D Buonfrate, S Tais, M Talamo, G Zavarise, M Strohmeyer, F Bartalesi, A Mantella, M Di Tommaso, K H Aiello, G Veneruso, G Graziani, M M Ferrari, I Spreafico, E Bonifacio, G Gaiera, M Lanzafame, M Mascarello, G Cancrini, P Albajar-Viñas, Z Bisoffi, A Bartoloni
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2011)

Chagas disease, a neglected tropical disease that due to population movements is no longer limited to Latin America, threatens a wide spectrum of people(travellers, migrants, blood or organ recipients,newborns, adoptees) also in non-endemic countries where it is generally underdiagnosed. In Italy, the available epidemiological data about Chagas disease have been very limited up to now, although the country is second in Europe only to Spain in the number of residents from Latin American. Among 867 at-risk subjectsscreened between 1998 and 2010, the Centre for Tropical Diseases in Negrar (Verona) and the Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, University of Florence found 4.2% patients with positive serology for Chagas disease (83.4% of them migrants, 13.8% adoptees).No cases of Chagas disease were identified in blood donors or HIV-positive patients of Latin American origin. Among 214 Latin American pregnant women,three were infected (resulting in abortion in one case).In 2005 a case of acute Chagas disease was recorded in an Italian traveller. Based on our observations, we believe that a wider assessment of the epidemiological situation is urgently required in our country and public health measures preventing transmission and improving access to diagnosis and treatment should be implemented.
Abstract 600: Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) as a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Wing P. Chak, Joanna Hung-Man Tong, Raymond Wai-Ming Lung, Yat Yee Chan, Kwok Wai Lo, Ka Fai To
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a distinctive type of head and neck cancer arising from the nasopharynx. Although rarely occurring worldwide, the incidence and mortality rates of this tumor are remarkably high among Southern China including Hong Kong. The distinct geographical distribution highlights the significance of several etiologic factors in NPC tumorigenesis, including Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, genetic predisposition and intake of preserved food. However, the understanding of NPC development is still unclear. In our previous genome-wide analysis, chromosome 14q32 has been suggested as a tumor suppressor region where loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was detected in &amp;gt;80% of NPCs. Hence, some novel candidate genes involving in NPC development may be located within this region. By microarray study in NPC samples, consistent down-regulation of a putative tumor suppressor gene, maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) within the 14q32 deletion region was identified. MEG3 is an imprinted gene with preferential maternal expression and encodes for a long non-coding RNA. The silenced expression of MEG3 gene in NPC cell lines and xenografts was further confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Subsequent DNA methylation analysis in a panel of NPC samples demonstrated that densely methylation at a CpG island on the MEG3 promoter region was observed in all tested NPC cell lines, xenografts and 50% of primary NPCs, while normal imprinting pattern was found in non-cancerous nasopharyngeal epithelium. Interestingly, the presence of demethylation agent in culture medium could successfully rescue MEG3 expression in available NPC cell lines, indicating that promoter hypermethylation is one of the mechanisms to control MEG3 expression. On the other hand, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) also showed the loss of DNA copy number at chromosome 14q32 in 60% of primary NPCs, suggesting an alternative MEG3 regulation mechanism in NPC. In our functional studies, ectopic MEG3 expression in NPC cell lines could significantly inhibit cell propagation, colony and foci formation. A series of reporter assays further suggested that MEG3 might contribute to regulate both p53 and TGF-β signaling pathways. In conclusion, we have found that MEG3 is a novel tumor suppressor gene in NPC. Further investigation the function of MEG3 in NPC pathogenesis may have potential implications to improve NPC treatment in the future. Citation Format: Wing Po Chak, Joanna Hung-Man Tong, Raymond Wai-Ming Lung, Yat Yee Chan, Kwok Wai Lo, Ka Fai To. Maternally expressed gene 3 (MEG3) as a tumor suppressor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 600. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-600
Population-based surveillance for scedosporiosis in Australia: epidemiology, disease manifestations and emergence of Scedosporium aurantiacum infection
Authors: C.H. Heath, M.A. Slavin, T.C. Sorrell, R. Handke, A. Harun, M. Phillips, Q. Nguyen, L. Delhaes, D. Ellis, W. Meyer, S.C.A. Chen
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Telomerase Inhibitor Imetelstat in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Gabriela M. Baerlocher, Elisabeth Oppliger Leibundgut, Oliver G. Ottmann, Gary Spitzer, Olatoyosi Odenike, Michael A. McDevitt, Alexander Röth, Michael Daskalakis, Bart Burington, Monic Stuart, David S. Snyder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Imetelstat, a 13-mer oligonucleotide that is covalently modified with lipid extensions, competitively inhibits telomerase enzymatic activity. It has been shown to inhibit megakaryocytic proliferation in vitro in cells obtained from patients with essential thrombocythemia. In this phase 2 study, we investigated whether imetelstat could elicit hematologic and molecular responses in patients with essential thrombocythemia who had not had a response to or who had had unacceptable side effects from prior therapies.A total of 18 patients in two sequential cohorts received an initial dose of 7.5 or 9.4 mg of imetelstat per kilogram of body weight intravenously once a week until attainment of a platelet count of approximately 250,000 to 300,000 per cubic millimeter. The primary end point was the best hematologic response.Imetelstat induced hematologic responses in all 18 patients, and 16 patients (89%) had a complete hematologic response. At the time of the primary analysis, 10 patients were still receiving treatment, with a median follow-up of 17 months (range, 7 to 32 [ongoing]). Molecular responses were seen in 7 of 8 patients who were positive for the JAK2 V617F mutation (88%; 95% confidence interval, 47 to 100). CALR and MPL mutant allele burdens were also reduced by 15 to 66%. The most common adverse events during treatment were mild to moderate in severity; neutropenia of grade 3 or higher occurred in 4 of the 18 patients (22%) and anemia, headache, and syncope of grade 3 or higher each occurred in 2 patients (11%). All the patients had at least one abnormal liver-function value; all persistent elevations were grade 1 or 2 in severity.Rapid and durable hematologic and molecular responses were observed in patients with essential thrombocythemia who received imetelstat. (Funded by Geron; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01243073.).
Heredity in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: W. Graham, I. A. Uchida
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1957)

In recent years the importance of heredity in ankylosing spondylitis has been more widely accepted.Increasing evidence, which substantiates the theory that a susceptibility to the disease is influenced by a genetic factor, is found in families in which parent and offspring, sib pairs, and both members of monozygotic twins have been involved.Most of the reported cases have been brought together in an excellent review by Hersh, Stecher, Solomon, Wolpaw, and Hauser (1950).One of the most interesting family histories is that recorded by Riecker, Neel, and Test (1950), in which five proven cases of spondylitis were found in two generations, and evidence was obtained that the disease was also
Abstract 17058: Does Intensive Glucose Control Prevent Cognitive Decline in Diabetes? a Meta-analysis
Authors: Carlos A Peñaherrera Oviedo, María C Duarte Martinez, Daniel A Moreno Zambrano, Michael Palacios Mendoza, María B Jurado, Leonardo Tamariz, Rocío A Santibañez Vasquez
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Long term diabetes is associated with cognitive decline. Blood glucose control improves outcomes in patients with diabetes, it is unclear if intensive glucose control prevents cognitive decline. The aim of this study is to conduct a meta-analysis to determine the effects of intensive glucose control on cognitive decline in patients with diabetes. Methods: We searched the MEDLINE database (1966 to December 2013) and supplemented the search with manual searches of bibliographies of key relevant articles. Keywords used for the search were: diabetes mellitus, cognitive decline, cognitive function, cognitive impairment, and glucose control. We selected all randomized studies where a measurement of cognitive decline and the level of glucose control were reported in patients with diabetes. We calculated the weighted standardized mean difference (SMD) of the measurement of cognitive decline between the intensive and standard glucose control arm. We also conducted meta-regression to evaluate the effect of the type of diabetes had on the results and stratified the analysis by type of diabetes. Results: The search strategy yielded 260 studies, of which only 7 met our eligibility criteria. Only three studies included subjects with type 2 diabetes, patients with type 2 diabetes had a median age of 62(59-63), 48(42-60) were female, the median HbA1c was 8% and the median duration of diabetes was 9 years. We included four studies with type 1 diabetes with a median age of 27(16-29) years, 49(49-50) % were female, the median Hba1c was 9% and the median duration of diabetes was 6(5-18) years. The weighted SMD of each cognitive test is shown in Table 1. Conclusions: Intensive glucose control prevents cognitive decline. The largest improvements were seen in the memory and speed processing domains. This was seen mostly in middle-aged type 2 diabetics with diabetes for 9 years and slightly out of control HbA1c.