tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of possible severe asthma with fungal sensitisation (SAFS) and allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) in a UK secondary care hospital
Authors: C.W. Jonathan Lee, Zaidi Seher, Ewoma Ukeleghe, Roger Howell, Rob Niven, David Denning, Stephen Scott
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background  Severe asthma with significant symptoms is often difficult to treat. Investigating and treating possible aspergillus involvement such as SAFS or ABPA with antifungal medication may improve symptoms. Aspergillus sensitisation is also associated with bronchiectasis is in asthma. We wished to explore the prevalence of these conditions in secondary care. ABPA rates on hospital referral in other countries vary from 0.7 to 3.5% (typically 2.5%) and no estimate of the rate of SAFS has been made.  Method  All total and aspergillus specific IgE results for a 1 year period were reviewed along with Aspergillus (ASP) IgG from the hospital pathology database. CXR reports for those with any positive ASP were also reviewed.  Results  406 results were identified, 76 were invalid and 330 remained. 138 (42%) had IgE >100; 27(8%) met the criteria for aspergillus sensitisation in asrgma (raised aspergillus IgE) and 17 (5%) had raised ASP IgE although only 5 (2%) had all the criteria for ABPA (raised ASP precipitins, eosinophils & CXR change). Overall 44 (13%) patients had raised IgE and ASP IgE.  Conclusion  Over a 1 year period in a UK secondary care hospital, 13% of patients could potentially benefit from antifungal treatment of allergic aspergillosis of the lung.
Long-term survival of advanced refractory ovarian carcinoma patients with small-volume disease treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy.
Authors: S B Howell, S Zimm, M Markman, I S Abramson, S Cleary, W E Lucas, R J Weiss
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Ninety ovarian carcinoma patients failing primary intravenous (IV) combination chemotherapy were treated with cisplatin-based combination intraperitoneal therapy. Sixty-five patients had residual disease greater than 2 cm at the start of intraperitoneal therapy. Their median survival was 8 months. Twenty-five patients had disease less than 2 cm; their median survival was greater than 49 months, and the survival curve has an apparent plateau at 69%, with no relapses having occurred after 32 months. The median survival for all 90 patients was 15 months. The median duration of follow-up for all patients was 37 months. These results confirm the critical role of tumor bulk in determining the effectiveness of intraperitoneal therapy, and suggest a role for intraperitoneal salvage treatment in patients with small-volume disease.
Etiology of Common Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: Constitutional Variables, Sun Exposure, and Diet&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B K Armstrong, N H de Klerk, C D Holman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Associations were sought between prevalence of nevi on the arms and other variables in controls from a case-control study of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The prevalence of nevi was higher in women than men, fell with age up to about 35 years of age, and was low in those born outside Australia. Among pigmentary characteristics, there was strong evidence only of an association with skin color of the upper inner arm. The highest prevalence of nevi was in those with skin of intermediate darkness. Peak prevalence of nevi was also seen in intermediate categories of variables indicating sun exposure, particularly mean annual hours of bright sunlight at places of residence when 10-24 years of age, total outdoor exposure time per week in the summer at 10-24 years of age, and usual summer suntan on the arms in the last 10 years. These dose-effect patterns may indicate conflicting effects of sun exposure on appearance and disappearance of nevi. The protective effect of birthplace outside Australia appeared to be due to the corresponding low mean annual hours of bright sunlight at places of residence when 10-24 years of age. The prevalence of nevi was comparatively lower in those who drank alcohol and in those who had average or high daily intakes of retinol. These associations were not explained by those of any of the other variables.
Assessing personality: effects of the depressive state on trait measurement
Authors: Robert M Hirschfeld, Gerald L. Klerman, Paula J. Clayton, Martin B. Keller, Pat McDonald-Scott, Barbara H. Larkin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The influence of the clinically depressed state on personality assessment was evaluated by comparing self-report personality inventories of patients while clinically depressed and at follow-up 1 year later. The authors examined two groups from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH)-Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression: Clinical Studies--patients whose symptoms had completely remitted and those who had not recovered. The clinically depressed state strongly influenced assessment of emotional strength, interpersonal dependency, and extraversion. Assessment of rigidity, level of activity, and dominance did not change after symptomatic recovery.
Abstract 17336: Marked Increase of Plasma Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 in Dyslipidemic Patients Treated With K-877, a Novel Highly Potent and Specific Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha Agonist
Authors: Koutaro Yokote, Shun Ishibashi, Shizuya Yamashita, Hidenori Arai, Eiichi Araki, Tatsuhiko Kodama
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an emerging hormonal regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism which decreases triglyceride, enhances insulin sensitivity and suppresses weight ga...
Two cases of disseminated Mycobacterium avium infection associated with a new immunodeficiency syndrome related to CXCR4 dysfunctions
Authors: A.-V. Doncker, K. Balabanian, C. Bellanné-Chantelot, S. de Guibert, M. Revest, F. Bachelerie, T. Lamy
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Abstract 2903: IMAB362, a novel first-in-class monoclonal antibody for treatment of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Oezlem Tuereci, Stefan Woell, Stefan Jacobs, Rita Mitnacht-Kraus, Ugur Sahin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most frequent subtype (&amp;gt;80%) of pancreatic cancer (PC) is characterized by a generally lethal progress within a short period of time after primary diagnosis. Despite high efforts, the treatment options are very limited and mainly of palliative nature. Therefore, we investigated whether IMAB362 might represent a potential treatment option in this patient population. IMAB362 is a highly potent and tumor-cell selective therapeutic antibody which is currently in clinical development in gastro-esophageal cancer (in phase II and IIb trials). IMAB362 is directed against the tight junction molecule CLDN18.2, a proliferation-promoting transmembrane protein, which is maintained during malignant transformation. Our previous studies demonstrated, that CLDN18.2 is expressed in &amp;gt;55% of patients with PDAC and frequently in metastases at considerable levels. To evaluate the anti-tumor activity of IMAB362 we performed in vitro and in vivo experiments on CLDN18.2 expressing PC cell lines. IMAB362 exerts its anti-tumor function by antibody-dependant cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). ADCC was assessed in various cancer cell lines and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) at an E:T-ratio of 40:1 in the presence of IMAB362. The efficacy ranged from 67.1 ± 6.8 to 92.6 ± 5.5%. EC50 was determined between 23.4 ± 12.3 ng/ml and 5.7 ± 4.4 µg/ml. IMAB362's capacity to induce CDC was analyzed by incubation of various tumor cell lines with healthy human serum as source for complement. We observed a dose-dependent lysis with EC50 values ranging from 0.3 - 2.6 µg/ml. In vivo studies in PC tumor bearing nude mice showed that administration of repeated doses of IMAB362 tends to result in inhibition of tumor growth and prolonged survival. Also, the anti-tumor effect of IMAB362 was strictly dependent on the expression of its target CLDN18.2. These results demonstrate that IMAB362 has antitumoral activity in vitro and in vivo against PC cell lines and PC xenografts. Most promising, the efficacy was due to IMAB362's single agent activity only. Combinations with established chemotherapies (e.g. 5-FU, gemcitabine) might deliver a strong rationale for clinical testing of the highly selective monoclonal antibody drug in patients with PDAC. Results from further in vivo testing of IMAB362 combinations with established chemotherapies will be presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Oezlem Tuereci, Stefan Woell, Stefan Jacobs, Rita Mitnacht-Kraus, Ugur Sahin. IMAB362, a novel first-in-class monoclonal antibody for treatment of pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2903. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2903
Self-Reported Quality of Life of Individual Cancer Patients: Concordance of Results With Disease Course and Medical Records
Authors: Galina Velikova, Penny Wright, Adam B. Smith, Daniel Stark, Timothy Perren, Julia Brown, Peter Selby
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To investigate the applicability of a standard quality of life (QL) questionnaire to individual cancer patients and to explore the potential for impact of QL information on the process of care by comparing at group level the QL results with the medical records. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred fourteen consecutive patients at the oncology clinics at St James’s Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom, completed the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)-C30 on a touch-screen computer over a 6-month period. The QL results were compared with the corresponding medical records at individual and group level. RESULTS: For individual patients, the serial measurement of QL allowed recognition of patterns over time corresponding to disease course. At group level, a higher proportion of patients reported problems on EORTC QLQ-C30 than were mentioned in the medical records (McNemar paired test, P &lt; .01). Most often clinicians mentioned pain (22% to 39%), and at the initial visit role (66%), and social issues (77%). For the rest of the symptoms and functions, the problems were recorded in between 1% and 25% of the notes, but 20% to 76% of the patients reported QL impairment. Problems that were not recorded in the medical notes tended to be of low severity, with a significant trend observed for pain, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, dyspnea, loss of appetite, and physical function scale (χ 2 test, 11.55 to 34.42, df = 1, P &lt; .001). CONCLUSION: The QL data on individual patients was consistent with the clinical records, thus providing evidence for the validity of these measures in assessment of the individual. The QL profiles had more information on symptoms and particularly on functional issues, such as emotional distress and physical performance.
Detection of Novel Murine Mammary Tumor Viruses by Interspecies Immunoassays&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Y A Teramoto, P H Hand, R Callahan, J Schlom
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Detection of Novel Murine Mammary Tumor Viruses by Interspecies Immunoassays Get access Y. A. Teramoto, Y. A. Teramoto 4Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Horan Hand, P. Horan Hand 4Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Callahan, R. Callahan 4Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20205. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Schlom J. Schlom 6 4Laboratory of Viral Carcinogenesis, Division of Cancer Cause and Prevention, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20205. 6Address reprint requests to Dr. Schlom. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 4, April 1980, Pages 967–975, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.4.967 Published: 01 April 1980 Article history Received: 10 August 1979 Accepted: 16 October 1979 Published: 01 April 1980
Relationship between the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) and full cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP)
Authors: Joanna Shakespeare, Lynsey Archer, Robert Hastings, Felix Woodhead, Emma Helm, Rhian Hughes, David Parr
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction  Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is the most common subtype of IIP. Exercise tolerance in patients with IPF is limited by mechanics and gas exchange with FVC, TLCO and exercise desaturation predicting mortality (1)    Aims  ISWT predicts maximal oxygen uptake in some patient groups e.g. COPD, however there is limited evidence in IPF. Small studies have suggested that there is a significant correlation between walking distance (ISWT) and peak VO2.   Methods  We performed lung function, ISWT and full cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) in 43 patients with a diagnosis of IIP (23 definite IPF, 20 not definite IPF ). Patients were grouped into those with a clinically significant desaturation on exercise (>4% fall and to    Results  There was no significant correlation between ISWT and peak VO2 (r = -0.442). NonsigDesat patients had better resting lung function than sigDesat patients, although there was no difference in ISWT or peak VO2.   Conclusions  Resting lung function predicts exercise desaturation better than gas exchange measures obtained during exercise.  1 Am J Respir Crit Care Med Vol 183 pp788-824, 2011.
Work/Life Balance
Authors: Michelle Alonso-Basanta
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Bacterial prevalence and load during COPD exacerbation and recovery
Authors: Davinder Garcha, Anant Patel, Alex Mackay, Richa Singh, Tim McHugh, Gavin Donaldson, Jadwiga Wedzicha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Bacteria are a common aetiological trigger of COPD exacerbations, with prevalence and load increasing from stable state (Garcha et al,  Thorax  2011: 66;A11). We investigated prevalence and load of  H. influenzae, S. pneumoniae  and  M. catarrhalis  during exacerbation recovery using quantitative PCR (qPCR).  We collected sputum from subjects in the London COPD cohort at exacerbation presentation (n=137), day 3 (n=41), 7 (n=53), 14 (n=56) and 35 post-exacerbation (n=35). All exacerbations were treated with ≥7 days of antibiotics (±oral steroids) and defined by our usual symptomatic criteria (Seemungal et al,  AJRCCM , 1998).  Characteristics of 102 COPD patients: mean(SD) age 68.7(8.2) years; FEV 1  1.2(0.5)L, 48.6(24.8)% predicted. Bacterial prevalence was higher at exacerbation than Day 3 (50.4 vs 26.8%; p=0.008), Day 7 (28.3%; p=0.006) and Day 14 (30.4%; p=0.011) (Fig. 1). In recovery samples paired with bacteria-positive exacerbations (different patients at each time point), load [median (IQR) Log 10  CFU/ml] was significantly higher at exacerbation compared with Day 3 (n=15): 10 8.1(5.9-8.7)  vs 10 0(0-4.0) , p=0.001; Day 7 (n=17): 10 8.2(6.3-8.8)  vs 10 4.2(0-6.6) , p=0.01; Day 14 (n=14): 10 8.0(6.3-8.7)  vs 10 4.4(0-6.6) , p=0.022; and Day 35 (n=15): 10 7.7(5.7-9.3)  vs 10 5.9(0-6.74) , p=0.047.  Bacterial prevalence and load detected by qPCR falls within 3 days of antibiotic therapy for COPD exacerbations, with load remaining low for at least 35 days post-onset.
Pulmonary tuberculosis presentation - Late diagnosis, advanced disease
Authors: Valéria Maria Augusto, Dirceu Bartolomeu Greco, Margareth Dalcolmo, Marina Augusto Neves, Helena Rachel Weinreich
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Pulmonary TB is the disseminating form of the disease. Rates are particularly high in urban areas associated with poverty, crowded living, social instability and HIV infection. Objective: to describe clinical and radiological manifestations of pulmonary TB in a big Brazilian city and to evaluate the time between beginning of symptoms and diagnosis Methods: prospective descriptive study; patients with positive smear proceeding from the public laboratories of the city of Belo Horizonte were prospectively included between May 2006 and April 2008. Demographic data were investigated. Blood samples were drawn for HIV. Chest radiographs (CXR) – were examined. Sputa were cultured whenever possible. Results: 224 cases were included, 150 (67.0%) of the male sex. Age was 39.3 (± 13.0). Pulmonary manifestations occurred in almost all cases and systemic manifestations in 90%.

View this table:

Respiratory manifestations of pulmonary TB (n = 224)





Time from beginning of symptoms and diagnosis was 16.26 (± 18.75) weeks. Cavitations were seen in 67.1% of cases.

View this table:

Radiologic extension of pulmonary TB (n = 218)





MRTB occurred in 3/158 with culture (1,9%). HIV was positive in 5/222 (2.3%). Conclusion: Pulmonary positive TB had a late diagnosis in this big Brazilian city. Clinical presentation was of advanced disease with frequent cavitary lesions though multi resistance and HIV were not prevalent. Faster diagnosis should become available for high burden countries cities.
The economic burden of COPD in a Danish municipality
Authors: Niels Maltbæk, Jens Pagh Maltbæk, Michael Nyhus Andreasen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The economic burden of chronic diseases are a great challenge to our future wellfare.

The purpose of this study was to create a qualified measurement of the expenses to COPD in a Danish Municipality and determine the division of these between the Municipality and the Government.

From the National Patient Register patients with COPD, Diabetes and Cardiovascular diseases living in the Municipality of Helsingoer (61.295 inhabitants) were identified (9.086 persons), as well as a control group matched for gender and sex (1.013 persons). The civil registration numbers have been linked to expenditure held within the Municipality of Helsingoer. The included expenses are Dansk Ambulant Grupperings System (DAGS, ambulatory visits), Diagnose relaterede grupper (DRG, hospitalizations), Sygesikringsudgifter (SSR, health insurance), Retirement home, Rent subsidy, Health visitor, Home help, Transfer income, different kinds of Aid, Supplementary fees. Subcohorts having more than one of the three examined Lifestile Diseases, fx COPD patients with comorbidities, were dealt with in a Shapley- distribution and a risk adjusted - distribution.

Subtracting the cost of the control group the additional consumption within one year per person with COPD were 11.678 EUR, with Diabetes 8.136 EUR and Cardiovascular diseases 6.017 EUR (2010 figures). The Government share of the expenditures was 50,6% and the Municipality share was 49,6%.

The economic burden of COPD will be discussed in relation to the Municipality and the total public finances in Denmark, and the economic incitaments for prevention will be discussed in relation to the relative expenditures.

This study was approved by The Danish Data Protecting Agency and The National Board of Health in Denmark.
Obesity and the lung: 1 {middle dot} Epidemiology
Authors: K M McClean, F Kee, I S Young, J S Elborn
Journal: Thorax (2008)

Obesity is the most common metabolic disease in the world and its prevalence has been increasing over several decades. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that, by 2015, around 700 million adults will be obese (at least 10% of the projected global population). This will be a huge health and economic burden with associated increases in diabetes, cardiovascular and musculoskeletal disease, and malignancy. While there has been little focus on the impact of obesity on respiratory disease, there are clear effects on pulmonary function and inflammation which will increase the prevalence and morbidity of lung disease. There is an inverse relationship between body mass index and forced expiratory volume in 1 s. Increases in body weight lead to worsening of pulmonary function. The reasons for this include the mechanical effects of truncal obesity and the metabolic effects of adipose tissue. Obesity is linked to a wide range of respiratory conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, obstructive sleep apnoea, pulmonary embolic disease and aspiration pneumonia. It is important for those providing care for people with respiratory disease to appreciate the impact of obesity and to provide appropriate advice for weight reduction. Healthcare planners should consider the impact of obesity for future resources in respiratory care.