tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Communicable disease network strengthened against bioterrorism
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

European health ministers are planning to strengthen and extend the existing European Union's communicable diseases network so that it can be used in the event of bioterrorist attacks.

The network already links a number of national surveillance institutes, and EU legislation lists the communicable diseases that need to be placed under continent-wide surveillance—such as tuberculosis, measles, influenza, AIDS, and hepatitis C.

The London based Communicable Disease …
Burns
Authors: John A. Moncrief
Journal: JAMA (1979)

The emergency department treatment of burn injuries requires a thorough evaluation of extent and depth of injury and an understanding of the pathophysiology involved. Fluid resuscitation must be instituted promptly and pursued vigorously. Other aspects of resuscitation demand varying priorities in different patients. Small wounds can be cared for on an outpatient basis, but patients with larger burns or those involving important functional areas should be admitted for inpatient care. (<i>JAMA</i>242:72-74, 1979)
Isolated Facial Numbness
Authors: STEVEN H. HOROWITZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Sixty-four patients had an initial or presenting symptom of facial numbness that had been present from 3 days to 7 years before initial examination. Excluding 4 patients lost to follow-up, 53 patients had trigeminal involvement secondary to other conditions (27 with tumors of the cerebellopontine angle and the base of the skull; 2 with intramedullary tumors; 5 with multiple sclerosis; 6 with ipsilateral facial or abducens nerve palsies in addition to numbness, presumably on a viral basis; 3 with dental and facial trauma; 2 with vertebrobasilar vascular disease; and 8 with miscellaneous disorders). In seven patients (11.7%) no underlying disease was found, and the diagnosis of primary trigeminal disease, previously called trigeminal (sensory) neuropathy, was made. Isolated facial numbness is a symptom of serious portent, requiring thorough neurological evaluation in every case.
Improved hemodynamic function and mechanical efficiency in congestive heart failure with sodium dichloroacetate
Authors: Robert M. Bersin, Christopher Wolfe, Michael Kwasman, Deborah Lau, Cindy Klinski, Kevin Tanaka, Payman Khorrami, George N. Henderson, Teresa de Marco, Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Nature group journal retracts two papers after cancer researcher was found to have falsified data
Authors: N. Siva
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Sheng Wang, from Boston University School of Medicine Cancer Research Center, falsified data in two papers published in journals in 2009, said the US Office of Research Integrity last week.

Both papers, one published in Molecular Endocrinology and one in the Nature Publishing Group’s Oncogene , have been retracted.

The Office of Research Integrity’s investigation found that Dr Wang had falsified data that were represented in six of seven figures in one publication and six of eight figures in the second publication. The experiments that Dr Wang is said to have fabricated included reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and chromatin immunoprecipitation. His research involved looking …
Genome-wide association study identifies 12 new susceptibility loci for primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: George F Mells, James A B Floyd, Katherine I Morley, Heather J Cordell, Christopher S Franklin, So-Youn Shin, Michael A Heneghan, James M Neuberger, Peter T Donaldson, Darren B Day, Samantha J Ducker, Agnes W Muriithi, Elizabeth F Wheater, Christopher J Hammond, Muhammad F Dawwas, David E Jones, Leena Peltonen, Graeme J Alexander, Richard N Sandford, Carl A Anderson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Courtyard of the Hospital at Arles&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: James C. Harris
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The horse has already bolted
Authors: H. J. Beerstecher
Journal: BMJ (2011)

I thank Pollock and Price for their analysis, which explains my Kafkaesque correspondence with the Department of Health since 13 December 2010.1

I forwarded to the department a low priority procedure list that had been circulating in the primary care trust since August 2010. It set out which services would no longer be available, and I asked whether it …
Changes in HDL-associated apolipoproteins relate to mortality in human sepsis and correlate to monocyte and platelet activation
Authors: Stefan Barlage, Carsten Gnewuch, Gerhard Liebisch, Zsuzsanna Wolf, Franz-Xaver Audebert, Thomas Glück, Dieter Fröhlich, Bernhard K. Krämer, Gregor Rothe, Gerd Schmitz
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2009)
Psychiatric Disorders in Young Adult Intercountry Adoptees: An Epidemiological Study
Authors: Wendy Tieman, Jan van der Ende, Frank C. Verhulst
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2005)

OBJECTIVE: The prevalences of psychiatric disorders in young adult intercountry adoptees and nonadopted young adults from the general population were compared. METHOD: In the Netherlands, a total of 1,484 young adult intercountry adoptees (72.5% of the original sample at age 10–15 years) and 695 nonadopted subjects (78.1% of the original sample) of comparable age from the general population were interviewed by using a standardized psychiatric interview generating DSM-IV diagnoses. RESULTS: The adopted young adults were 1.52 times as likely to meet the criteria for an anxiety disorder as the nonadopted young adults; the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.15–2.00. The adoptees were 2.05 (95% CI=1.32–3.17) times as likely to meet the criteria for substance abuse or dependence. The adopted men were 3.76 (95% CI=1.69–8.37) times as likely to have a mood disorder as nonadopted men, while for women there was no significant difference between adoptees and nonadoptees. No significant difference for the diagnosis of disruptive disorder was found. For all diagnoses together, adoptees with low and middle parental socioeconomic status in childhood did not differ from the comparison subjects, while adoptees with high parental socioeconomic status were 2.17 times (95% CI=1.50–3.13) as likely to meet the criteria for a disorder as nonadoptees with high parental socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS: Intercountry adoptees run a higher risk of having severe mental health problems in adulthood than nonadoptees of the same age. The risk of later malfunctioning differs for different disorders and different groups of adoptees.
Phase II study of combining sorafenib with metronomic tegafur/uracil for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chih-Hung Hsu, Ying-Chun Shen, Zhong-Zhe Lin, Pei-Jer Chen, Yu-Yun Shao, Yea-Hui Ding, Chiun Hsu, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Comparative results of 327 chemical carcinogenicity studies.
Authors: J K Haseman, J E Huff, E Zeiger, E E McConnell
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) and the National Toxicology Program (NTP) have carried out a number of laboratory animal carcinogenicity studies and presented the results of these experiments in a series of Technical Reports. This paper tabulates the results of the 327 NCI/NTP studies carried out to date on 308 distinct chemicals, and discusses certain issues relevant to the evaluation of carcinogenicity in these experiments. This compilation of results from NCI/NTP carcinogenicity experiments provides a large database that can be used to study structure-activity correlations, interspecies concordance, and associations between laboratory animal carcinogenicity and other toxicological effects.
Press Release: Hypnosis Reduces Pain and Costs in Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: L. Savage, A. Widener
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2007)

Hypnosis Reduces Pain and Costs in Breast Cancer SurgeryThe use of hypnosis prior to breast cancer surgery reduced the amount of anesthesia administered during the operation, the level of pain reported afterwards, and the time and cost of the procedure, according to a study published online August 28 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.Breast cancer surgery patients often suffer side effects such as pain, nausea, and fatigue during and after their operation.These complications can lengthen their hospital stay, lead to hospital readmission, or require additional medications -all of which increase medical costs.Several previous studies have suggested that hypnosis may reduce pain, recovery time, and the need for medications after surgery.Guy Montgomery, Ph.D., of Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York and colleagues conducted a clinical trial to examine the effects of hypnosis when it is given within one hour before surgery.Two hundred women were randomly assigned to either 15 minutes of hypnosis by a psychologist or a control session in which they spoke with a psychologist.The researchers then compared the use of pain medications and sedatives during surgery, as well as the levels of pain and other side effects reported afterwards.The hypnosis session began with suggestions for relaxation and pleasant visual imagery.The patients were also given suggestions on how to reduce pain, nausea, and fatigue, and instructions on how to use hypnosis on their own.
The missing link: Dynamic, modifiable representations in working memory
Authors: Graeme S. Halford, Steven Phillips, William H. Wilson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract We propose that the missing link from nonhuman to human cognition lies with our ability to form, modify, and re-form dynamic bindings between internal representations of world-states. This capacity goes beyond dynamic feature binding in perception and involves a new conception of working memory. We propose two tests for structured knowledge that might alleviate the impasse in empirical research in nonhuman animal cognition.
Reiter's syndrome in association with enteritis due to Campylobacter fetus ssp. jejuni.
Authors: A Pönkä, J Martio, T.U Kosunen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

An 18-year-old girl with Reiter's syndrome after febrile diarrhoea was found to be infected with Campylobacter fetus spp. jejuni. Excretion of campylobacter into stools was stopped by erythromycin therapy, but active polyarthritis lasted for 6 months. The patient was positive for HLA B27.
US government opens racketeering case against tobacco industry
Authors: Anne Harding
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The US government's civil racketeering case against the tobacco industry, originally filed under the Clinton administration, finally went to trial on Tuesday in the District Court of Washington, DC.

Dr David Kessler, the former chief of the Food and Drug Administration, will be the government's first witness.

Under the Racketeer Influenced Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO), a law passed in 1970 to prosecute organised crime, the Department of Justice is charging tobacco companies with conspiring to conceal the health risks and addictive powers of cigarettes. The government is seeking the “disgorgement” of $280bn (£156bn; € 230bn) that it says the industry earned by selling …
Therapy for Hypotension Induced by Spinal Anesthesia During Pregnancy
Authors: Frank C. Greiss
Journal: JAMA (1965)

During actual and simulated spinal anesthesia in 21 term gravid ewes, induced maternal hypotension was associated with a proportionate decrease in uterine blood flow (UBF). Under these circumstances, vasopressor drugs administered intravenously restored maternal blood pressure (MBP) to normal without improving uterine blood flow. However, rapid infusions of 5% dextrose or dextran solution significantly improved both MBP and UBF proportionately. These results indicate that the prophylactic or therapeutic use of vasopressor agents in conjunction with spinal or caudal anesthesia during pregnancy is contraindicated. Rather, therapy designed to increase effective circulating blood volume should be initiated. This includes a rapid intravenous infusion of dextrose solution, elevation of the legs, and displacement of the uterus to the left to reduce vena caval obstruction and increase venous return to the heart.
Additional Voices Heard in Support of Humane Animal Use in Research
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1990)

STUNG by the spreading incidence of vandalism of biomedical research laboratories in the name of more humane treatment of experimental animals, government leaders and scientists have joined the American Medical Association and others in the battle and are beginning to strike back. At the annual meeting of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, Louis W. Sullivan, MD, secretary of the US Department of Health and Human Services, called for legal action against those animal rights advocates who, by threats of intimidation and bombings, have "created a veritable siege mentality among research scientists." Later, the day before some animal rights activists were scheduled to stage a protest in connection with "World Animal Liberation Day" at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Md, Constance Horner, undersecretary of the US Department of Health and Human Services, also came out strongly in defense of the use of animals in scientific
Abstract 5168: Interaction of sonic hedgehog and TP53/TP63 networks in lymphoma cells
Authors: Nikhil S. Chari, Albert E.K. Teo, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Timothy J. McDonnell
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Cellular homeostasis requires a delicate balance between proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation be maintained. These processes are regulated by a number of tumor suppressors and proto-oncogenes that are frequently deregulated during tumor progression. Amongst these are the TP53/TP63 family of tumor suppressors and the sonic hedgehog (SHH) pathway. The SHH network associated with proliferative stem cell niches of many organs has been shown to affect disease progression and metastasis in diverse cancers. We investigated the possibility of interactions between the SHH and the TP53 networks in cancer cells. Using a Ponasterone A inducible TP53 H1299 cell line as a model system we were, able to show alterations in RNA and protein levels of SHH signaling intermediates on TP53 activation suggesting a regulation at the transcriptional level. A preliminary screening of a number of hematological cancer cell lines showed a majority of cell lines having aberrant SHH activation. A panel of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) cell lines that included activated B-cell (ABC) like DLBCL and germinal center B-cell (GCB) like DLBCL subgroups were selected for further study. These cell lines also varied from p53-deficient to wild type p53. Treatment of these cell lines with nutlin, an HDM2 antagonist showed alterations in the SHH pathway at the protein and transcript levels. In silico analysis of the promoters of genes in the SHH network reveal multiple potential TP53/TP63 binding sites. Luciferase promoter constructs of SHH pathway genes were generated including SHH-luciferase and SUFU-luciferase promoter constructs and confirmed that these promoters were regulated by both TP63 and TP53. Further validation was provided using in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) studies and site-directed mutational analysis. These findings suggest that there are multiple interacting nodes between the components of the SHH network and TP53/TP63 family of transcription networks. Additionally, a therapeutic strategy involving specific and simultaneous targeting of these networks in DLBCL cells would be expected to result in a more robust therapeutic response. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5168.
Controlling occupational exposure to anaesthetic gases
Authors: I S Symington
Journal: BMJ (1994)

For 25 years epidemiological studies have associated occupational exposure to anaesthetic gases with a range of health effects, including neurological, renal, and hepatic disease; reduction in mental performance and manual dexterity; and increased risk of spontaneous abortion and congenital abnormalities in offspring.1 Most attention has been focused on studies in the 1970s into the outcome of pregnancy among theatre workers, and these undoubtedly stimulated the Department of Health's guidance recommending improvements in the ventilation of operating theatres and the introduction of scavenging systems.2

These environmental improvements, coupled with methodological criticisms of the early reports, have tended to dispel concern. A major 10 year prospective study of 11 000 women doctors in the United Kingdom, which followed them through 13 500 pregnancies till 1986, was also reassuring (R P Knill-Jones, personal communication, 1992). This study did not confirm the earlier work of the 1970s and showed no relation between hours spent in theatre, medical specialty, and reported miscarriages after confirmed pregnancy. Nor was any increase in congenital malformations …
Abstract 1846: Identification of a germline mutation in PMS2, a DNA mismatch repair gene, in a large consanguineous family with a history of Pediatric GBMs
Authors: Patrick J. Killela, Ahmed B. Rasheed, Hai Yan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and malignant human brain tumor. It is widely accepted that human cancer is a genetic disease caused by sequential accumulation of cancer gene mutations. Specifically, the gene or genes which initiate GBM formation has yet to be identified. Through collaboration with the Pakistani National Genetic Institute we have identified a consanguineous family presenting with a history of Pediatric GBMs to conduct comprehensive genomic analysis in hopes of identifying this “gatekeeper” gene. In this pedigree four children are deceased from GBM while an additional five infants have died within 4 days of birth without diagnosis. GBM has been the only diagnosed cancer in this family, indicating the existence of a GBM-specific germline mutation as a causative agent for the GBM clinical phenotype. Comprehensive genomic analysis has been conducted to elucidate a genetic aberration which is inherited and can be attributed to the GBM presenting clinical phenotype. We have collected blood and tumor DNAs for this family and performed sequencing on numerous genes including TP53, APC, IDH1, IDH2, PMS2, MLH1, MSH2, and, MSH6. Sequencing has successfully identified a germline frame shift mutation (p.Y181X) in PMS2. All affected patients have a homozygous mutation while their parents are both heterozygous carriers, suggesting the homozygous inheritance of this mutation is a causative agent for the GBM clinical phenotype. Our study suggests that the PMS2 inherited homozygous mutation could be a critical event in GBM formation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1846.
Anti‐proliferative and anti‐remodelling effect of beclomethasone dipropionate, formoterol and salbutamol alone or in combination in primary human bronchial fibroblasts
Authors: D. Descalzi, C. Folli, G. Nicolini, A. M. Riccio, C. Gamalero, F. Scordamaglia, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Bronchial asthma is characterized by lower airway inflammation and remodelling. Anti‐inflammatory treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) provides the mainstay of asthma therapy together with bronchodilation induced by short‐ and long‐acting inhaled β 2 ‐agonists. Lower airway fibroblasts may play a critical role in airway inflammation and remodelling, suggesting that they might represent an important target for the major anti‐asthmatic drugs. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), salbutamol and formoterol either alone or in combination on in vitro cultures of human bronchial fibroblasts. Methods: Fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of pro‐inflammatory and proliferative stimuli, BDP, salbutamol and formoterol. The effects of drugs on cell proliferation were ascertained by 3 H‐thymidine incorporation. CD90 and CD44 expression were detected by flow cytometry and fibronectin secretion using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay technique. Results: This study showed that BDP alone has significant anti‐proliferative effects on lung fibroblasts treated with basic fibroblast growth factor and the combination of BDP with formoterol or salbutamol strengthen these effects. Short‐acting β 2 ‐agonist (SABA) or long‐acting β 2 ‐agonist (LABA) by themselves did not show any significant effect on the different cultures. CD44 and CD90 expression and fibronectin production were modulated by pro‐inflammatory and proliferative stimuli; the addition of the drugs brought them back near to the basal level. Conclusions: From this in vitro study, we can conclude that BDP, when combined with salbutamol or formoterol, exhibits enhanced anti‐remodelling activity in bronchial fibroblasts, providing new insights on the additive effects of ICS and SABAs and LABAs for asthma therapy.
Effect of Cardiac Catheterization and Angiocardiography on the Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase
Authors: ZAVEN A. ADROUNY, MAX J. STEPHENSON, KURT R. STRAUBE, CHARLES T. DOTTER, HERBERT E. GRISWOLD
Journal: Circulation (1963)

The effect of cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography on the SGO-T was studied in 46 patients. Abnormal enzyme elevations occurred in a significant number of subjects. Such procedures constitute an addition to the known causes of SGO-T elevation.