tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Wounds and Inflammation Treated by X Rays and Radium
Authors: N. S. Finzi, F. Freund
Journal: BMJ (1943)

should be set up in all children's hospitals.It can be said that attempting to manage premature babies in the general wards of children's hospitals is almost waste of time, as they will tend to become infected and die.We have dealt here with the management of the premature baby exclusively, and so far have said nothing in regard to the prevention of the condition.This is largely a social matter that can no longer be ignored.The maternity centre in New York has been able, by pre-natal care, to reduce the percentage of premature births by one-third.In a certain home for unmarried women in Oslo the proportion has been reduced to 2%, compared with 32% still prevailing among women of the same class attending the ordinary obstetrical clinic.Nutrition, sufficient rest, and relief from strain are the most important predisposing factors.In this connexion it is well to mention that cerebral haemorrhage is a common cause of death among premature babies, and recent work suggests that one of the reasons for this is lack of vitamin K in the mother's diet.Women suffering from even mild types of the toxaemias of pregnancy are usually placedupon deficiency diets.In the past obstetricians have often failed to recognize the importance of adding vitamin concentrates to these diets.In all such cases it is wise to give special injections of vitamin K.Finally, we may sum up the position in regard to prematurity by saying that when a combined effort is made by the obstetrician and the paediatrician a considerable reduction will occur in its incidence and its death rate, and as a result we may expect a general improvement in the whole neonatal mortality.
Widal's Typhoid Agglutination Reaction.
Authors: Chas. Lyman Greene
Journal: JAMA (1897)

St. Paul, Minn., Sept. 19, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have read with a great deal of interest an editorial appearing in your issue of September 18, entitled "Evidence which tends to weaken the value of Widal's Typhoid Agglutination Reaction." I had read the discussion upon this subject which took place at the last meeting of theAmerican Medical Association, and was very much impressed with the fact that where the most careful work has been done there has seemed to be the least divergence of opinion as to the value of this reaction, and the general nature of the reports made as well as the special report made by the Committee seemed to me to leave but little that could cast any doubt upon the specificity of the reaction. The discussion at the recent meeting of the British Medical Society in Montreal, to which I listened with a great
HLA class II and T-cell receptor beta chain polymorphisms in Belgian patients with rheumatoid arthritis: no evidence for disease association with the TCRBC2, TCRBV8 and TCRBV11 polymorphisms.
Authors: C Vandevyver, X X Gu, P Geusens, M Spaepen, L Philippaerts, J J Cassiman, J Raus
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1994)

OBJECTIVES--To investigate whether T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain germline alleles, either alone or in combination with a particular HLA-genotype, are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS--Three restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), detected with TCR constant (TCRBC2) and variable (TCRBV8, TCRBV11) gene segments were analysed in a representative group of Belgian, HLA class II-typed patients with RA, and in a group of Belgian control subjects. RESULTS--The study confirmed the known association of RA with the HLA-DRB1*0401/0404 genotype (RR = 2.14, 95% CI = 1.16-4.00) in the Belgian RA population. This association was even more pronounced in the patients with more severe RA (RR = 3.26, 95% CI = 1.55-6.89). These data suggest that the HLA-DRB1*04 genotype can be used as a marker for disease severity. Similar frequencies in patients and controls were observed for all TCRB RFLPs studied, and this was in spite of subgrouping the RA population according to criteria for disease stratification. CONCLUSION--While a clear association with HLA DRB1*0401/0404 is observed, no interactive effects were seen with RA, DR4, TCRBC2 and TCRBV alleles, implying that the combined presence of these polymorphic markers does not cause an increased susceptibility to RA, and does not predispose for more aggressive RA, nor for familial aggregation of the disease. These results argue against the hypothesis that TCRB polymorphisms play a crucial role in the susceptibility for RA.
Tenth International Medical Congress.
Authors: John B. Hamilton
Journal: JAMA (1889)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have received the following letter from Professor Virchow, the President-elect of the next Medical Congress. Very truly yours, Treasury Department, U. S. Marine-Hospital Bureau, Washington, D. C., October 30, 1889. Berlin, October 1, 1889. <h3>Dear Sir:</h3> —The Organizing Committee of the Tenth International Medical Congress is now constituted. I myself am elected President, and Dr. Lassar (Karlstrasse 19, N.W.) Secretary-General. We will be very happy to receive the Transactions of the Ninth International Congress, and we hope to see you and many of your countrymen at the new session. I am, sir, very sincerely your obedient servant, Professor Rud. Virchow.
Psychiatrists must Count
Authors: N. Kessel
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Psychiatrists must count.If their subject is to advance there must be mensuration.The choices are, firstly, the chemico-physical: measuring some change or other in this or that constituent of this or that body fluid in this or that condition.This is really for bio- chemists and the like.Secondly, the psychological, perhaps the highest priority task; attempting to calibrate the phenomena of clinical psychiatry, creating scales for anxiety, degrees of delusions-why do so few clinical psvchologists seem interested?Lastly, the epidemiological: counting heads.We can ask how many cases, of what sorts, arise in what social, occupational, or genetic populations, in association with what other conditions, and requiring what sort of services?We can dis- cover whether, if we contrive to alter a situa- tion, this increases or decreases the number.Because the roots of psychiatry are so closely linked with social problems and since its clinical manifestations are so often behavi- oural, this approach must be important.The last 20 years have seen a great acceleration in such studies.This book is about them.
Vitamin D levels may have a role in cancer prognosis, study shows
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

People with very low levels of vitamin D seem to have a higher risk of death from all causes, a study in The BMJ has found1—including cardiovascular disease, and cancer if they have a history of cancer.

The group of international researchers said that vitamin D could play an important role in cancer prognosis, but they added that the results of randomised controlled trials into the impact of vitamin D supplementation on mortality were needed before doctors could recommend vitamin D supplements for people with vitamin D insufficiency.

To investigate the prognostic association of vitamin D levels on mortality, the …
Divergent functions of the Rho GTPases Rac1 and Cdc42 in podocyte injury
Authors: Simone M. Blattner, Jeffrey B. Hodgin, Masashi Nishio, Stephanie A. Wylie, Jharna Saha, Abdul A. Soofi, Courtenay Vining, Ann Randolph, Nadja Herbach, Ruediger Wanke, Kevin B. Atkins, Hee Gyung Kang, Anna Henger, Cord Brakebusch, Lawrence B. Holzman, Matthias Kretzler
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
On the Treatment of Aneurism by Compression
Authors: R. Macnamara
Journal: BMJ (1871)

digestion, the generally lowered tone of the system, all favour the de- velopment of zymotic agents.During the cholera-visitation of 1832, the nurses in the Manchester Cholera Hospital were at first allowed to go home each day at certain intervals.This arrangement gave them the benefit of a certain amount of out-door exercise and change of atmosphere, as well as relieved the tedium of their duties; the mortality, however, amongst them was so great that it was feared that the supply would fail.It was discovered that, with the idea of protecting themselves against the disease, they in- dulged freely in liquors; they were therefore confined to the hospital, and debarred from obtaining more than a small allowance of alcoholic drink, after which not a single fresh case occurred amongst them.Here we see that, notwithstanding far less favourable hygienic conditions, there was an immunity from cholera attacks when there was a greatly diminished consumption of alcohol.
The British hepatic angiosarcoma register.
Authors: P J Baxter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

A register of British cases of primary hepatic angiosarcoma (HAS) was established in 1974 to monitor the occurrence of cases from 1963 onwards. Details of cases dying in 1963-77 have been obtained. Thirty-five cases were agreed as HAS by panel of liver pathologists, and occupational and medical information was obtained in the majority of these. Two cases were attributable to VCM exposure, and eight others had received intra-arterial Thorotrast. In 1978-79, two more cases were confirmed in VCM polymerization workers.
OCULAR ASPECTS OF PITUITARY DISORDERS
Authors: None de Schweinitz
Journal: BMJ (1923)

The lecture consisted of a discussion of certain ocular aspects of pituitary body disorders mainly exclusive of the usual central and peripheral hemianopic field defects.The lecturer opened with a tribute to the memory of Sir WilliamBowman, and spoke also of his distinguished predecessors in the lectureship.He thought that although the.disorders of the pituitary body
Familial Occurrence of Neurocardiogenic Syncope
Authors: Christopher J. Cooper, Paul Ridker, Julie Shea, Mark A. Creager
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: We report two cases of neurocardiogenic syncope in a family. A 19-year-old college student was evaluated for abrupt loss of consciousness which had occurred approximately twice each year since the age of 12. Syncopal episodes were associated with abdominal cramping during menstrual periods. An electrocardiogram, a 24-hour Holter-monitor recording, and an echocardiogram were normal. Tilt-table testing was performed. After the patient had been in the head-up position at 60 degrees for nine minutes, she became asystolic and lost consciousness. Asystole lasted 70 seconds. Atropine was administered, and cardiac massage was initiated. The patient recovered. That evening, in . . .
Hemoglobin Yakima: II. High Blood Oxygen Affinity Associated with Compensatory Erythrocytosis and Normal Hemodynamics*
Authors: Miles J. Novy, Miles J. Edwards, James Metcalfe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

Erythrocytosis without clinical illness was noted in a man and his two daughters. Their blood contained approximately 62% hemoglobin A and 38% a new hemoglobin, designated hemoglobin Yakima. The oxygen affinity of whole blood from each subject was greatly increased and heme-heme interactions were impaired. At 37 degrees C and a plasma pH of 7.40, the oxygen pressure required to produce 50% saturation of hemoglobin with oxygen was only 12 mm Hg as compared with a normal of 26 mm Hg. The high oxygen affinity of this blood is attributed to the presence of hemoglobin Yakima; and the increased oxygen affinity was shown to be characteristic of the isolated abnormal hemoglobin. A Bohr effect was present in hemoglobin Yakima. Arterial oxygen pressure, oxygen consumption, and cardiac output at rest were normal. With respect to oxygen delivery to tissues, the increased hemoglobin concentration appears to be the major compensation for the marked displacement of the oxygen-hemoglobin equilibrium curve, although other factors may contribute. The finding of high normal quantities of erythropoietin in the urine is consistent with this degree of erythrocytosis.
371 OUTCOME OF CHRONIC HEPATITIS DELTA IN ITALY: A LONG TERM COHORT STUDY
Authors: G.A. Niro, A. Smedile, A. Ippolito, A. Ciancio, R. Fontana, A. Olivero, D. Gioffreda, M.L. Abate, M.R. Valvano, A. Andriulli, M. Rizzetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Comparable IgE reactivity to natural and recombinant Api m 1 in cross-reactive carbohydrate determinant–negative patients with bee venom allergy
Authors: Thilo Jakob, Julian Köhler, Simon Blank, Ulrika Magnusson, Johannes Huss-Marp, Edzard Spillner, Jonas Lidholm
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Leydig-Cell Function in Children after Direct Testicular Irradiation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Raja Brauner, Paul Czernichow, Philippe Cramer, Gérard Schaison, Raphael Rappaport
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

To assess the effect of testicular irradiation on testicular endocrine function, we studied 12 boys with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who had been treated with direct testicular irradiation 10 months to 8 1/2 years earlier. Insufficient Leydig-cell function, manifested by a low response of plasma testosterone to chorionic gonadotropin or an increased basal level of plasma luteinizing hormone (or both), was observed in 10 patients, 7 of whom were pubertal. Two of these patients had a compensated testicular endocrine insufficiency with only high plasma concentrations of luteinizing hormone. Testosterone secretion was severely impaired in three pubertal boys studied more than four years after testicular irradiation. A diminished testicular volume indicating tubular atrophy was found in all pubertal patients, including three who had not received cyclophosphamide or cytarabine. These data indicate that testosterone insufficiency is a frequent complication of testicular irradiation, although some patients continue to have Leydig-cell activity for several years after therapy.
Prevention by granulocyte depletion of increased vascular permeability of sheep lung following endotoxemia.
Authors: A C Heflin, K L Brigham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

To see whether circulating granulocytes are necessary for the lung vascular reaction to endotoxin, we measured the endotoxin response in chronically instrumented sheep before and after granulocyte depletion with hydroxyurea. Granulocyte depletion did not affect the pulmonary hypertension caused by endotoxin (peak mean pulmonary artery pressures = 38 +/- 2 cm H2O before depletion and 42 +/- 2 after depletion, P = NS). The late phase increase in lung lymph flow after endotoxin was significantly lower in the granulocytopenic animals as reflected by lung lymph flow (mean steady state lymph flow before depletion = 30.6 +/- 2.0 SE ml/h; mean steady state lymph flow after granulocyte depletion = 15.4 +/- 1.0; P less than 0.01) even though late phase pulmonary vascular pressures were similar before and after granulocyte depletion. Lung lymph protein clearance (lymph flow x lymph/plasma protein concentration) was also significantly lower after granulocyte depletion (mean steady state before depletion = 2.14 +/- 1.4 SE ml/h; and after depletion = 10.4 +/- 1.0; P less than 0.01). We conclude that circulating granulocytes are necessary for the development of increased lung vascular permeability to fluid and protein following endotoxin. The pulmonary vasopressor effects of endotoxin in sheep are independent of granulocytes.
Hypercapnia in Hyperalimentation
Authors: PATRICK J. KEARNS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1982Hypercapnia in HyperalimentationPATRICK J. KEARNS, M.D., A. BANUELOS, M.D.PATRICK J. KEARNS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. BANUELOS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-6-786_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We write to clarify a potential misunderstanding that could result from the provocative short paper by Covelli and associates (1) on hypercapnia in hyperalimentation.The authors intimate that the increase in CO2production (VCO2) and consequent increase in arterial PCO2were due to an increase in carbohydrate calories supplied by total parenteral nutrition. This suggestion may lead the reader to assume that the finding is an unusual and unexpected consequence and would not be expected with a simple increases in caloric intake (oral, enteral, or parenteral). As more medical centers become capable of measuring VO2, it will...References1. COVELLIBLACKOLSENBEEKMAN HJMJ. Respiratory failure precipitated by high carbohydrate loads. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:579-81. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ROSEGGERTRITTENWEINMETZLER HGH. Influence of lipid infusion (0.4 g/kg/hr) and positive and expiratory presure (8 cm H2O) on pulmonary function and hemodynamics in healthy anesthetized pigs. JPEN. 1981;5:410-3. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. HUNKERBRUTONHUNDERDURHAMKRUMDIECK FCERC. Metabolic and nutritional evaluation of patients supported with mechanical ventilation. Crit Care Med. 1980;8:628-32. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Santa Clara Valley Medical Center San Jose, CA 95128 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByComplications of total parenteral nutritionEnergy sources for total parenteral nutrition patients: Would sugar suffice? 1 June 1982Volume 96, Issue 6_Part_1Page: 786-787KeywordsCarbohydratesHypercapniaOxygen consumption per unit timePartial pressure of carbon dioxideTotal parenteral nutrition Issue Published: 1 June 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Prognostic value of N‐terminal pro C‐type natriuretic peptide in heart failure patients with preserved and reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Dirk J. Lok, IJsbrand T. Klip, Adriaan A. Voors, Sjoukje I. Lok, Pieta W. Bruggink‐André de la Porte, Hans L. Hillege, Tiny Jaarsma, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Peter van der Meer
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Factors which determine the gastric secretory response to 2-deoxy-D-glucose
Authors: R. L. Himsworth, D. G. Colin-Jones
Journal: Gut (1969)

The physiological factors which determine the penetration of the brain by 2-deoxy-D-glucose have been studied and the practical importance of the blood-brain barrier has been demonstrated. The evaluation of the gastric secretory response to 2-deoxy-D-glucose has been shown to depend upon the plasma glucose concentration. It is concluded that because of the hazards and uncertainties in the use of 2-deoxy-D-glucose in man its use is to be deprecated.
STUDIES ON BACTERIAL NUTRITION
Authors: Theodor Thjötta, O. T. Avery
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

1. Growth of Bacillus infiuenzoe depends on two distinct and separable substances. 2. These growth accessory substances are present in blood. 3. They occur in plant as well as in animal tissue. 4. Sterile, raw potato will serve as a substitute for blood in the cultivation of Bacillus influenzoe.
Influenza Vaccine — Safe, Effective, and Mistrusted
Authors: Katherine M. Harris, Jürgen Maurer, Arthur L. Kellermann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

On August 10, 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an end to the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic. It is fortunate that the virus that had spread worldwide so quickly turned out to be less severe than was first feared. It is worth remembering, though, that an earlier strain of H1N1 influenza — the one that emerged in 1918 — sparked the worst closely observed and recorded pandemic in history, killing an estimated 20 million to 40 million people worldwide.The 2009 H1N1 virus did give us one gift of inestimable value: it provided a full-scale test of the . . .
A Toll-like receptor–independent antiviral response induced by double-stranded B-form DNA
Authors: Ken J Ishii, Cevayir Coban, Hiroki Kato, Ken Takahashi, Yuichi Torii, Fumihiko Takeshita, Holger Ludwig, Gerd Sutter, Koichi Suzuki, Hiroaki Hemmi, Shintaro Sato, Masahiro Yamamoto, Satoshi Uematsu, Taro Kawai, Osamu Takeuchi, Shizuo Akira
Journal: Nature Immunology (2005)
Prevalence of hemochromatosis among first-time and repeat blood donors in Norway
Authors: Helge Bell, Carsten Thordal, Nils Raknerud, Torbjørn Hansen, Vidar Bosnes, Ragnhild Halvorsn, Hans Erik Heier, Kenneth Try, Torbjørn Leivestad, Yngvar Thomassen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
Relief of Idiopathic Generalized Pruritus in Dialysis Patients Treated with Activated Oral Charcoal
Authors: JAMES A. PEDERSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

The effect of oral charcoal on idiopathic generalized pruritus in 11 stable patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was compared to that of placebo dextrose in a controlled, double-blind, cross-over study. Contrasted to placebo, charcoal, 6 g daily for 8 weeks, relieved pruritus subjectively in all but one patient (P = 0.01). Symptomatic relief from pruritus coincided with objective resolutions of active, scratch-induced skin lesions (P = 0.03). No significant alterations were noted in the serum concentrations of standard laboratory variables, including lipids, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus, or calcium, during treatment with either charcoal or placebo. No adverse effects from the charcoal were noted during the study.
STUDIES IN FAT METABOLISM. II. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE UPON KETONE, CARBOHYDRATE, AND PROTEIN METABOLISM IN A PATIENT WITH DIABETES MELLITUS COMPLICATED BY THYROTOXICOSIS 12
Authors: Laurance W. Kinsell, Sheldon Margen, George D. Michaels, David P. McCallie, C. T. Anderson, L. E. Suiter, V. T. Thompson, F. E. Olson, B. T. Signorotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1951)
Pityrosporum Folliculitis after Bone Marrow Transplantation
Authors: JOSE A. BUFILL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

A skin rash in marrow graft recipients often poses difficult diagnostic problems because multiple causes may be implicated, and clinical and histopathologic findings may be nonspecific. Five recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants had pityrosporum folliculitis diagnosed by skin biopsy in the early weeks ( < 18 days) after transplantation. In all cases, patients were febrile, and leukopenic (granulocyte count, < 500 cells/mm3), and were receiving broad-spectrum antibiotics at onset of the skin rash. Erythematous macules and papules were distributed primarily over the chest, shoulders, and upper back, and pustules and crusts developed in some cases. Granulocyte counts of more than 500 cells/mm3 were associated with resolution of the rash. Pityrosporum infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of skin rashes in marrow graft recipients.