tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2792: Engineering T lymphocytes with protein nanogels for cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Li Tang, Yiran Zheng, Darrell J. Irvine
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) with autologous tumor-reactive T-lymphocytes is a promising strategy in cancer immunotherapy, but treatment of solid tumors is limited by the rapid decline in function of the transplanted T cells. In order to maintain high numbers of viable tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells in tumors, co-administration of supporting immunostimulant agents together with transferred cells is typically necessary in clinical practice. When given systemically at high doses, these agents could enhance the in vivo viability of donor cells, improve their therapeutic function and lead to overall improved efficacy against cancer. However, high doses of such agents can also result in serious side effects. For example, the use of Interleukin-2 (IL-2) as an adjuvant drug significantly enhances the efficacy of ACT in melanoma, where IL-2 provides key adjuvant signals to donor T cells but also elicits severe dose-limiting inflammatory toxicity and expands regulatory T cells (Tregs). One approach to focus adjuvant drug action on the transferred cells and lower systemic toxicity is to genetically engineer donor cells to secrete their own supporting factors. However, the technical difficulty of engineering safe autocrine production of potent adjuvant molecules such as cytokines is a challenge. Thus, an inexpensive technology platform that would allow simple, safe and efficient delivery of adjuvant drugs specifically to therapeutic cells over a defined window of time could be broadly useful in ACT and other cell therapies for cancer. Here, we developed a novel strategy to deliver therapeutic proteins in T cell therapies, via the chemical conjugation of protein-polyethylene glycol (PEG) nanogels (NGs) directly onto the plasma membrane of donor cells, enabling continuous pseudoautocrine release of cargo proteins for stimulation of transferred T-cells. These PEG NGs loaded with IL-2 contained very high level of drug (∼80 wt% of NG was the protein cargo) and released native IL-2 in physiological conditions in a sustained manner through breakdown of a degradable linker between the IL-2 cargo and PEG chains of the NG. T-cells with optimized number of NGs conjugated per cell maintained their cellular functions and cancer targeting and killing capability. We demonstrated that this IL2-PEG NG-T cell conjugation strategy could augment T-cell expansion in vivo and result in markedly improved efficacy against metastatic B16F10 melanoma in mice. This approach provides a readily generalizable strategy to provide autocrine protein drug support to donor cells to enhance the safety and efficacy of ACT. Citation Format: Li Tang, Yiran Zheng, Darrell J. Irvine. Engineering T lymphocytes with protein nanogels for cancer immunotherapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2792. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2792
HAS A REAL INCREASE IN LUNG CANCER BEEN PROVED?
Authors: Madge Thurlow Macklin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1942)

Article1 August 1942HAS A REAL INCREASE IN LUNG CANCER BEEN PROVED?MADGE THURLOW MACKLIN, M.D.MADGE THURLOW MACKLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-17-2-308 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the last two decades, an enormous amount of literature has appeared on the clinical, pathological and etiological aspects of lung cancer. One of the most important stimulants to the finding of supposed causes of lung cancer in the environment has been its allegedrealincrease. Although not all workers have accepted this idea, the majority have considered that this disease has increased in a real way and that the increase cannot be attributed wholly to advancing age of the population, to better diagnosis, or to the growing interest of the medical profession in the disease. The literature will not... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: London, Canada*Received for publication January 5, 1940. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEpidemiology and the Tobacco Epidemic: How Research on Tobacco and Health Shaped Epidemiology 1 August 1942Volume 17, Issue 2Page: 308-324KeywordsLung and intrathoracic tumors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1942 PDF downloadLoading ...
Medical Issues and Ramadan—Reply
Authors: Sandra S. Crosby, Elizabeth J. Rourke, Mohamed A. Warfa
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A patient to remember: A surfeit of experts
Authors: H A Dewar
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Many years ago, after attending an international congress of cardiology in Madrid, I went on a post-congress tour, which included Seville and its cathedral. Inside the cathedral is a sacristy as big as many a church, and while sitting in it listening to a lecture about the cathedral I became conscious of a commotion behind me, and went to investigate. A very elderly American had been taken ill …
Do physicians perform smoking cessation brief intervention? - A cross-sectional comparative study in Portugal
Authors: Susana Amorim, Fátima Bragança, Pedro Aguiar, J.M. Calheiros, S.B. Ravara
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background : Physicians should systematically intervene asking about smoking status (Ask), advising to quit (Advise) and offering cessation support (Assist)- the Very Brief Advice (VBA).  Aim : To access the frequency of VBA steps performed by Portuguese physicians. To compare physicians9 self-reported practices with population perception on physicians9 VBA intervention.  Methods : In 2009, a conference-based cross-sectional study was carried out targeting GPs and hospital-based physicians. The self-administered questionnaires delivered were analysed regarding Ask, Advice, and Assist (Motivate and Refer). Descriptive and inferential analysis using chi-square, MacNemar and Man-whitney tests were performed.  Results : Participants: 549 physicians, mean age 40.51±12.60 years, 61.9% females. Physicians reported the following frequences: ask (83.5%; 95%CI: 80.4-86.6);advice (85.6%; 95%CI: 82.7-88.5); motivate ( 67.2%; 95%CI: 63.3-71.1); refer (38.3%; 95%CI: 34.2-42.4). Population reported the following frequences: ask (80.0%; 95%CI: 77.5-82.5);advice (49.0%; 95%CI: 44.3-53.7); motivate ( 36.0%; 95%CI: 31.5-40.5); refer (20.0%; 95%CI: 16.2-23.8).  Conclusions:  Asking about smoking status was the only step consistently and frequently reported by physicians and population. Significant discrepancies were observed in all other steps. The findings suggest that physicians over-report cessations practices. Additionally, VBA is not systematically implemented in healthcare. This underscores the need for evidence-based VBA training programs and its effective implementation.
Abstract 17984: Validating the Gold-standard: Steady-State Free Precession Sequence for Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Mass
Authors: Carlos G Santos-Gallego, Ida U Njerve, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Jaime Aguero, Torsten Vahl, Belén Picatoste, Nadjib Hammoudi, Roger J Hajjar, Valentin Fuster, Juan Badimon, Javier Sanz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Left ventricular (LV) mass (LVM) predicts cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, thus accurate quantification of LVM is essential. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the gold-standard for LVM and right ventricular (RV) mass (RVM) quantification. The steady-state free precession (SSFP) is the most widely used sequence nowadays; however, SSFP-derived LVM/RVM has only been validated in normal animals, while CMR is usually performed under pathological conditions. Therefore, our objective was to validate in vivo SSFP-derived LVM/RVM with the gold-standard autopsy weights of experimental animals with myocardial infarction (MI), LV remodeling, and pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: MI was induced in 11 pigs by balloon occlusion of the proximal LAD for 60 min, and MRIs were obtained 2 months post-MI. PH was induced in 11 pigs by surgical ligation of three pulmonary veins and animals underwent CMR 4 months post-surgery. Animals were euthanized immediately after CMR. Each ventricle was separately weighted using a high-fidelity scale. MRI studies were performed with a 3.0 Tesla magnet. Results: In the MI model, infarct size (IS) was 29±6% of LV, LVEF 34±8%, RVEF 62±149%, mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) 16±4mmHg, and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) 2.3±1.1 Wood units. In the PH model, IS was 0%, LVEF 64±5%, RVEF 55±10%, mPAP 36±16mmHg and PVR was 7.2±5.5 Wood units. All animals provided images of diagnostic quality. Excellent correlations were obtained between SSFP-calculated LV mass (86.6±12.9g) and autopsy-measured LV mass (91.1±15.2g, r=0.97, p&lt;0.001). For LV, the correlation was not different in both groups of animals (r=0.98, p=0.01 for post-MI animals; r=0.96, p=0.01 for PH animals). There was also a strong correlation between RV mass obtained from CMR (37.9±14.1g) and from autopsy (41.6±13.1g r=0.9, p=0.01). For RV, the correlation was higher in PH animals (r=0.92, p&lt;0.001) than in post-MI pigs (r=0.8, p=0.01). Conclusions: In vivo SSFP-CMR sequences determine LVM and RVM accurately and reliably compared with autopsy. Therefore, our study provides further validation for the clinical use of SSFP sequence derived LVM and RVM.
Intelligence and brain structure in normal individuals
Authors: N C Andreasen, M Flaum, V Swayze, D S O'Leary, R Alliger, G Cohen, J Ehrhardt, W T Yuh
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

This study was designed to evaluate the relation between intelligence and a variety of measures of brain structure.Magnetic resonance imaging scans were used to measure the volume of the intracranial cavity, cerebral hemispheres, lateral ventricles, temporal lobes, hippocampus, caudate, and cerebellum, as well as the overall volume of gray matter, white matter, and CSF, in 67 healthy, normal volunteers. Intelligence was measured with the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale--Revised.Full-scale IQ was found to be significantly correlated with intracranial, cerebral, temporal lobe, hippocampal, and cerebellar volume but not with caudate and lateral ventricle volume. There were also significant correlations of full-scale, verbal, and performance IQ with overall gray matter volume but not with white matter or CSF volume. Gender differences were noted in the pattern and number of correlations between the volume of the brain and its subregions and full-scale, verbal, and performance IQ.The results suggest that the size of some cerebral structures may account for a significant, but modest, proportion of the variance in human intelligence.
Future of Guy's hospital finalised
Authors: John Warden
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Years of uncertainty over the future of Guy's Hospital in London have now ended with a reconfiguration of patient services between Guy's and St Thomas' hospitals. The two hospitals were merged into a single management trust in 1993.

While most acute services will be transferred to St Thomas' hospital, the new rationalisation will keep more services at Guy's than was previously planned, with inpatient …
229. AAV4 Mediated Gene Transfer in Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII Mice
Authors: Gumei Liu, John A. Chiorini, Beverly L. Davidson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPS VII) is a lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by a deficiency of beta-glucuronidase. The central nervous system (CNS) manifestations of MPS VII include enlarged ventricles, progressive loss of neurological function and mental retardation. Due to the nature of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in humans, systematic treatments may have little effect on the progressive CNS deficits. However, the epithelia lining the ventricular system, the ependyma, is an attractive target for gene transfer. Ependymal cell-expression of beta-glucuronidase would lead to enzyme activity in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which permits global distribution of enzyme. Previous data in our lab showed that adeno-associated virus type 4 (AVV4) specifically transduced ependyma following intraventricular infusion. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of AAV4 mediated beta-glucuronidase gene transfer in the CNS of MPS VII mice. AAV4beta-gluc vectors were injected unilaterally into the lateral ventricle of MPS VII and C57BL/6 wildtype mice. Mice were killed 10 days, 4 weeks and 6 weeks after injection, and assayed in situ for enzyme activity. Beta-Glucuronidase expression patterns were similar in all groups. Enzyme activities were detected as early as 10 days post-injection and persisted through all time points. Beta-glucuronidase expression was most extensive along the ventricular system. In addition, scattered positive cells were observed in the hippocampus, striatum and cortex. Positive cells in these regions were most often associated with small blood vessels, which indicated that beta-glucuronidase enzymes or the AAV4 traveled through the Virchow-Robin spaces lining the penetrating blood vessels to reach the brain parenchyma. These results suggest that AAV4 vectors may be a useful vehicle for gene transfer in the LSDs.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, Weight Gain, and Diabetes—Reply
Authors: Matthias B. Schulze, JoAnn E. Manson, Graham A. Colditz, Meir J. Stampfer, Walter C. Willett, Frank B. Hu, David S. Ludwig
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Riding the storm
Authors: None Anonymous
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A few months ago I was beaten about by a patient. Outside the hospital I was shouted at, screamed at, kicked, and punched. I had my spectacles on and my hands were full. This young woman had been threatening my life for some days. Luckily, she was not carrying a weapon. Eventually I retreated between cars into the road and she came at me again. I did not retaliate. After a few more blows I was able to make my escape.

The young woman (I will call her Carol) had been difficult through childhood, and a pattern of self destructive behaviour began in earnest after puberty. There had been occasional violence, mainly towards inanimate objects. She abused solvents, took alcohol to excess, smoked cannabis, cut her wrists, and took overdoses.

She had managed to achieve one or two GCSEs. She was keen on art, particularly drawing. Nevertheless, by school leaving age she had exhausted the patience of her family, who evicted her. Long term outpatient contact and one or two admissions under the child and adolescent psychiatry service probably reduced the extent of her acting out, but also left in Carol a potent residue of antipathy to authority figures and institutions.

Her acts of deliberate self harm tended to be public and demonstrative: the police were often involved. Her appearances in the accident department were frequent. When she turned 17 she came to the adult services …
Abstract 5848: Serum SWI/SNF Related, Matrix Associated, Actin Dependent Regulator of Chromatin, Subfamily a-like (SMARCAL)-1 Concentrations Predict Primary Graft Dysfunction in Cardiac Transplant Recipients
Authors: Seyedhossein Aharinejad, Olena Andrukhova, Andreas Zuckermann, Daniel Zimpfer, Anita Thomas, Katharina Krenn, Michael Grimm
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) is a life-threatening complication in cardiac transplantation. A sensitive, specific, easily and quickly measurable serum predictor could facilitate PGD prevention a...
Cancer Incidence in Mormons and Non-Mormons in Utah, 1966-1970
Authors: J. L. Lyon, M. R. Klauber, J. W. Gardner, C. R. Smart
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1983)

Between 1950 and 1969, cancer mortality in white Utah residents was 22 percent less than that in the entire United States population. The religion of 72 percent of the state residents (Mormon) proscribes use of tobacco and alcohol. We therefore analyzed the 10,641 cases of cancer identified in Utah from 1966 to 1970 and compared the incidence found in Utah Mormons, in Utah non-Mormons, and in a national survey. Comparison of Utah Mormons with non-Mormons showed that Mormons had a lower incidence of all cancers associated with cigarette smoking (p< 0.00001). Mormon females had a low incidence of cancer of the breast (p = 0.008), uterine cervix (p< 0.00001), and ovary (p = 0.04); Mormon males had a lower incidence of stomach cancers (p = 0.04). These findings add evidence to the association between cigarette smoking and certain cancers, but leave unexplained the significant differences between Mormons and non-Mormons for incidence of cancer of the breast, cervix, prostate, and nervous system.
Exhaled nitric oxide and serum IgE in children admitted to a pediatric department
Authors: Radu Diaconu, Carmen Diaconu, Gindrovel Dumitra
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background . Exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a noninvasive marker to assess airway inflammation in adults and children, but the clinical evidence is still equivocal.  Methods . We aimed to assess the FeNO levels in children admitted to our pediatric department and to correlate the results with other diagnostic tools. We enrolled two groups of children aged 5 to 16 yrs: first (149 cases, M/F 89/60) - admitted for asthma, and the control group (100 cases, M/F 55/45), without known history of atopy. We measured the FeNO (using Niox Mino, Aerocrine, Sweden), total and specific serum Ig E. The statistical analysis was done using the Chi-squared test.  Results . We found a statistical significant difference in specific IgE levels between the two groups: p = 0,01; RR = 3,76 (0.99 - 14,25), but similar values for FeNO (p = 0,19) and the total serum IgE (p = 0,59). Total IgE over 300 kU/l was correlated with high FeNO levels recorded in the asthmatic children: p = 0,009; RR = 4,28 (1,37 – 15,44), but the exhaled NO was not correlated with stage, gender nor controller therapy (corticoids and/or leucotriene inhibitors or none).  Discussions . In our patients the role of FeNO in monitoring asthma is still uncertain. The correlation with high total serum Ig E (also nonspecific) may be a future approach in increasing the value for the clinical use.
Prognostic significance of survivin expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas
Authors: Colette Adida, Corinne Haioun, Philippe Gaulard, Eric Lepage, Pierre Morel, Josette Briere, Hervé Dombret, Felix Reyes, Jacques Diebold, Christian Gisselbrecht, Gilles Salles, Dario C. Altieri, Thierry J. Molina
Journal: Blood (2000)
Expression of microRNAs in basal cell carcinoma
Authors: M. Sand, M. Skrygan, D. Sand, D. Georgas, S. A. Hahn, T. Gambichler, P. Altmeyer, F.G. Bechara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Perturbations in the expression profiles of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported for a variety of different cancers. Differentially expressed miRNAs have not been systematically evaluated in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin.To initiate a microarray-based miRNA profiling study to identify specific miRNA candidates that are differentially expressed in BCC.Patients with BCC (n = 7) were included in this study. Punch biopsies were harvested from the tumour centre (lesional, n = 7) and from adjacent nonlesional skin (intraindividual control, n = 7). Microarray-based miRNA expression profiles were obtained on an Agilent platform using miRBase 16 screening for 1205 Homo sapiens (hsa)-miRNA candidates. To validate the microarray data, the expression of seven dysregulated miRNAs was measured by TaqMan quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.We identified 16 significantly upregulated (hsa-miR-17, hsa-miR-18a, hsa-miR-18b, hsa-miR-19b, hsa-miR-19b-1*, hsa-miR-93, hsa-miR-106b, hsa-miR-125a-5p, hsa-miR-130a, hsa-miR-181c, hsa-miR-181c*, hsa-miR-181d, hsa-miR-182, hsa-miR-455-3p, hsa-miR-455-5p and hsa-miR-542-5p) and 10 significantly downregulated (hsa-miR-29c, hsa-miR-29c*, hsa-miR-139-5p, hsa-miR-140-3p, hsa-miR-145, hsa-miR-378, hsa-miR-572, hsa-miR-638, hsa-miR-2861 and hsa-miR-3196) miRNAs in BCC compared with nonlesional skin. Data mining revealed connections to many tumour-promoting pathways, such as the Hedgehog and the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signalling cascades.This study identified several miRNA candidates that may play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of BCC.
Spectrum and Prevalence of Mutations Involving BrS1- Through BrS12-Susceptibility Genes in a Cohort of Unrelated Patients Referred for Brugada Syndrome Genetic Testing
Authors: Lia Crotti, Cherisse A. Marcou, David J. Tester, Silvia Castelletti, John R. Giudicessi, Margherita Torchio, Argelia Medeiros-Domingo, Savastano Simone, Melissa L. Will, Federica Dagradi, Peter J. Schwartz, Michael J. Ackerman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)