tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18233: Implantable Loop Recorder Monitoring is Useful in Detecting a High Incidence of Previously Unrecognized Atrial Fibrillation in Hemodialysis Patients. Preliminary Data From the Monitoring in Dialysis (MiD) Study
Authors: Bruce A Koplan, Selcuk A Tombul, James A Tumlin, David M Charytan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Patients with end stage renal disease have a high incidence of stroke and studies have shown that even short durations of atrial fibrillation (AFib) in this population increase stroke risk. Hypothesis: Implantable loop recorder monitoring will provide useful information to guide stroke risk reduction by detecting and quantifying AFib in hemodialysis (HD) pts. Methods: MiD is a prospective multi-center study to characterize arrhythmias in maintenance HD pts with an implantable loop recorder (ILR) over a 12mo period. The ILR device used detects AFib episodes based on incoherence in adjacent R-R intervals, with previous validation against simultaneous Holter monitoring showing 92% sensitivity and 80% positive predictive value for AFib episodes lasting ≥6 minutes. Results: Follow-up is available for 45 pts [mean follow-up 6.4mo (0.6-12.0mo), mean age 56yrs (27-76yrs), 36% female]. 1294 AFib episodes ≥6 minutes were detected in 19/45 pts (42%), occurring at a mean rate of 13.7 (95% CI 6.1-30.9) events per patient month in these 19 pts. Minimum total duration of AFib in these 19 pts was 20 minutes with 13/19 pts (68%) having &gt; 100 minutes and 8/19 pts (42%) having &gt;20 hours of ILR-detected Afib during follow-up. Only 5/19 pts (26%) with Afib episodes ≥6 minutes had any prior history of Afib and 13/19 pts (68%) were not on anticoagulation (AC) at study entry. There were also 2 pts with Afib episodes ≥6 minutes with a prior CVA or TIA who had not previously been diagnosed with Afib and were not on AC at study entry. All 19 pts (100%) with Afib episodes ≥6 minutes had CHADS 2 scores ≥1 and 15/19 pts (79%) had CHADS 2 scores ≥2, including 12/13 pts (92%) not on AC. ILR surveillance thus identified 12/45 pts (27%) in the cohort who were not on AC at enrollment with the potential to derive significant stroke risk reduction with AC. Conclusions: Afib is common and often undiagnosed in HD pts with 42% of MiD patients having at least one sustained episode (≥6 minutes) and only 11% of these patients having any prior history. ILR surveillance has value in identifying patients at risk for stroke in whom anticoagulation may be beneficial. With improvement in ILR technology with respect to size and wireless capability, clinicians should have a low tolerance to evaluate HD patients for Afib.
65. Systemic Cancer Therapy with an Enhanced Tumor-Selective Vaccinia Virus Lacking Anti-Apoptosis Viral Genes Spi-2 and Spi-1
Authors: Zongsheng Guo, Arpana Naik, Yun Hu, Richard DeMarco, Mark O'Malley, Richard Alexander, Bernard Moss, Mike Lotze, David L. Bartlett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
We have previously demonstrated the enhanced tumor selectivity of a replicating oncolytic vaccinia virus based on the double deletion of viral genes encoding thymidine kinase and vaccinia growth factor. In this study, we explore the effects of deleting viral anti-apoptosis genes (spi-1 and spi-2) on the proliferation of the virus in normal cells and transformed cells and the effects on the toxicity and oncolytic activity in murine tumor models. Tumor cells have accrued genetic defects in the apoptosis pathways, thus becoming resistant to apoptosis, one of the hallmarks of cancer (Hanahan and Weinberg, Cell, 2000). This may allow the cancer cells to have a survival advantage over the normal cells once infected with a vaccinia lacking the anti-apoptosis genes. Indeed, the deletant virus preferentially replicates in transformed cells or p53-deleted cells as compared to their normal counterparts, as demonstrated in three paired cell types. In vivo, the deletant virus retains full ability to replicate in tumor tissues, while replication in normal tissues is decreased as compared to the wild type virus after systemic delivery. Mice treated with the deleted virus survive much longer compared to those mice treated with the wild type virus. Finally, the deletant virus and the wild type virus have similar antitumor effects as demonstrated in a subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice. The effects of the deletions on the apoptosis of the infected tumor cells and normal cells are being analyzed. In summary, these results demonstrate that this mutant vaccinia replicates as well as the wild type virus in transformed cells or cancerous cells but is significantly attenuated in normal cells. In vivo, the deletant virus exhibits significantly less toxicity but similar anti-tumor efficacy as compared to the wild type virus. We conclude that the spi-2/spi-1 deleted vaccinia is a promising vector for tumor-directed gene therapy, given its enhanced safety profile and tumor selectivity, and high oncolytic effects after systemic delivery.
Infectious complications of percutaneous central venous catheterization in pediatric patients
Authors: M. Ángeles García-Teresa, Juan Casado-Flores, M. Ángel Delgado Domínguez, Jorge Roqueta-Mas, Francisco Cambra-Lasaosa, Andrés Concha-Torre, Cristina Fernández-Pérez
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
Role of MTHFR gene polymorphisms in malignant transformation in Barrett’s metaplasia
Authors: Zoran Gatalica, Poonam Sharma, Lori Hatcher
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4598  Background: Barrett’s metaplasia is an acquired condition caused by protracted gastroesophageal reflux and involves replacement of normal squamous with the columnar, intestinal type epithelium. Patients diagnosed with Barrett’s metaplasia have a 30- to 40-fold increased risk of developing adenocarcinoma compared with the general population. MTHFR plays a central role in folate metabolism that affects DNA methylation and synthesis. Germ-line mutations at nucleotides 677 (C–>T) and 1298 (A–>C) in the MTHFR gene cause diminished enzyme activity, and previous studies found that the allele frequency of MTHFR 677T was significantly higher among patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) than among controls (63% versus 41%, P
Flu Vaccine Probe
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 172: Thrombopoietin Receptor Agonists Protect Human Cardiac Myocytes from Injury by Activation of Cell Survival Pathways
Authors: John E Baker, Jidong Su, Stacy Koprowski, Anuradha Dhanasekaran, Tom P Aufderheide, Garrett J Gross
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Thrombopoietin confers immediate protection against injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion in the rat heart at a dose that does not increase platelet levels. Eltrombopag is a small molecule agonist of the thrombopoietin receptor; the physiological target of thrombopoietin. Administration of thrombopoietin and eltrombopag result in a dose- and time-dependent increase in platelet counts in patients with thrombocytopenia. However, the ability of eltrombopag and thrombopoietin to immediately protect human cardiac myocytes against injury and the mechanisms underlying myocyte protection are not known. Human cardiac myocytes (7500 cells, n=10/group) were treated with eltrombopag (0.1- 30.0 μM) or thrombopoietin ( 0.1 - 30.0 ng/ml) and then subjected to 5 hours of hypoxia (95% N 2 /5%CO 2 ) and 16 hours of reoxygenation to determine their ability to confer resistance to necrotic and apoptotic myocardial injury . The thrombopoietin receptor (c-Mpl) was detected in unstimulated human cardiac myocytes by western blotting. Eltrombopag and thrombopoietin confer immediate protection to human cardiac myocytes against injury from hypoxia/reoxygenation by decreasing necrotic and apoptotic cell death in a concentration-dependent manner with an optimal concentration of 3 μM for eltrombopag and 1.0 ng/ml for thrombopoietin. The extent of protection conferred to cardiac myocytes with eltrombopag is equivalent to that of thrombopoietin. Eltrombopag and thrombopoietin activate multiple pro-survival pathways; inhibition of JAK-2 (AG-490, 10 μM), p38 MAPK (SB203580, 10 μM), p44/42 MAPK (PD98059, 10 μM), Akt/PI 3 kinase (Wortmannin, 100 nM), and src kinase (PP1, 20 μM) prior to and during hypoxia abolished cardiac myocyte protection by eltrombopag and thrombopoietin. These inhibitors had no effect on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in myocytes when used alone. Eltrombopag and thrombopoietin may represent important and potent agents for immediately and substantially increasing protection of human cardiac myocytes, and may offer long-lasting benefit through activation of pro-survival pathways during ischemia.
A Multi-institutional Analysis of Perioperative Outcomes in 106 Men Who Underwent Radical Prostatectomy for Distant Metastatic Prostate Cancer at Presentation
Authors: Prasanna Sooriakumaran, Jeffrey Karnes, Christian Stief, Bethan Copsey, Francesco Montorsi, Peter Hammerer, Burkhard Beyer, Marco Moschini, Christian Gratzke, Thomas Steuber, Nazareno Suardi, Alberto Briganti, Lukas Manka, Tommy Nyberg, Susan J. Dutton, Peter Wiklund, Markus Graefen
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Broad Applicability of Nivolumab in Melanoma Regardless of<i>BRAF</i>Mutation Status
Authors: Tara C. Gangadhar, Lynn M. Schuchter
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

James Larkin, MD, PhD; Christopher D. Lao, MD, MPH; Walter J. Urba, MD, PhD; David F. McDermott, MD; Christine Horak, PhD; Joel Jiang, PhD; Jedd D. Wolchok, MD, PhD
Neutrophil Adhesion to Fibrinogen and Fibrin Under Flow Conditions Is Diminished by Activation and L-Selectin Shedding
Authors: P.H.M. Kuijper, H.I. Gallardo Torres, J.A.M. van der Linden, J.-W.J. Lammers, J.J. Sixma, J.J. Zwaginga, L. Koenderman
Journal: Blood (1997)
Abstract 3993: A microarray-based gene expression analysis identified diagnostic biomarkers for unknown primary cancer
Authors: Yoshihiko Fujita, Issei Kurahashi, Takayasu Kurata, Yasuhiro Koh, Kazuko Sakai, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Kazuto Nishio
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Patients with cancer of unknown primary (CUP) present with metastatic disease for which the primary site cannot be found. Clinically, CUPs exhibit common characteristics, such as rapid progression and early dissemination, with a silent primary tumor that may become involuted and undetectable. Existence of such common properties prompts us to hypothesize that there may be potential biological markers that elucidate CUP as a whole. Methods: Tumor mRNA samples from 60 patients with CUP were measured for the expression of ∼22,000 genes using the Affymetrix U133A Plus 2.0 GeneChip and analyzed by applying normalization and classification algorithms to the gene expression data. The similarity of each tumor specimen's gene expression pattern is then compared to the gene-expression profiles specific to non-CUP groups (containing tumors from 24 known primary sites) that were constructed using publicly available raw microarray datasets. The t-tests were performed to compare the CUP with non-CUP groups and the top 59 CUP specific genes with the highest fold change were selected (p-value &amp;lt; 0.001). Results: This study enabled the identification of genes that exhibited a unique expression pattern in CUP. As a high metastasis potential and vulnerability to apoptosis would explain the properties of CUP well, we first searched for genes related to metastasis and apoptosis and found 14 genes among 44 that were up-regulated by more than 2.5-fold in the CUP samples. Some of these genes were associated with the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a function that has been increasingly recognized as a key step in cancer metastasis. We also identified 6 genes for ribosomal proteins among 44 up-regulated genes, two of which (RPS7 and RPL11) were known to be involved in the Mdm2 - p53 pathway. Conclusions: The protein products of the up-regulated and down-regulated genes identified in this study suggest a biological attribute of CUP and, therefore, may become clinically useful biomarkers for CUP. Citation Format: Yoshihiko Fujita, Issei Kurahashi, Takayasu Kurata, Yasuhiro Koh, Kazuko Sakai, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Kazuto Nishio. A microarray-based gene expression analysis identified diagnostic biomarkers for unknown primary cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3993. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3993
Repeated breath profiling by eNoses identifies asthma exacerbations and airway eosinophilia
Authors: Niki Fens, Marianne A. van de Pol, Paul Brinkman, Marije G. Gerritsen, René Lutter, Peter J. Sterk
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction

Asthma exacerbations are hallmarked by increased airway inflammation. Exhaled metabolites are associated with biomarkers of inflammation (Fens ERJ '11; Ibrahim Thorax '11). We investigated whether profiles of exhaled biomarkers (breathprints) measured by electronic noses (eNoses) are associated with loss of control/exacerbation after ICS withdrawal.

Methods

23 patients (6 male; 28±10 yr) with moderate to severe persistent asthma on ICS (≥500 µg fluticasone) were included. Exhaled metabolites (VOCs), FeNO and sputum cell counts were measured at baseline (T1), during loss of control or exacerbation (Reddel AJRCCM '09) (T2) and after recovery (T3=T2 + 4 weeks). VOCs were measured by eNose platform (158 sensors; metal oxide, polymer, quartz microbalance, IMS). Breathprints were created from sensor values by principal component (PC) analysis. Mixed model and correlation analysis were used.

Results

22 patients experienced a loss of control. Breathprints changed significantly between T1 and T2 (PC8 p=0.038; PC9 p=0.020), as did FeNO (p<0.01) and sputum eosinophils (p<0.01). No differences were found between T1 and T3 for all parameters. PC8 was correlated with sputum eosinophils at T3 (p=0.04, R=0.49), but not at T1 and T2.

Conclusion

Using an integrated eNose platform for the assessment of exhaled metabolites, it is possible to discriminate between stable periods and periods with loss of control or exacerbation of asthma. The eNose breathprint was correlated with sputum eosinophils in stable condition, whereas it was not during exacerbation. This indicates that eNose captures a more comprehensive biomarker signal than merely identifying sputum eosinophils during unstable asthma episodes.
GROSS ANATOMIC FEATURES FOUND IN 27 AUTOPSIES OF EPIDEMIC HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
Authors: William H. Kessler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Article1 January 1953GROSS ANATOMIC FEATURES FOUND IN 27 AUTOPSIES OF EPIDEMIC HEMORRHAGIC FEVERWILLIAM H. KESSLERWILLIAM H. KESSLERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-38-1-73 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince July, 1951, 40 cases whose deaths are now ascribed to epidemic hemorrhagic fever have been autopsied at the 121st Evacuation Hospital. The author has performed only 27 of these gross autopsies, and this report will be confined to this latter figure. The remaining autopsies were performed by Capt. Eugene J. Kulinski and 1st Lt. William T. Paine. These deaths occurred for the most part in cases under treatment at this hospital, though three were brought back from forward areas for autopsy because the circumstances surrounding their deaths were unknown at the time of autopsy. These three cases had not... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication July 25, 1952. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBunyaviridae : Orthobunyaviruses, Phleboviruses, Nairoviruses, and HantavirusesExperience with intravenous ribavirin in the treatment of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in KoreaViral Infections of the LungCommon Tropical PneumoniasHantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome Due to Andes Virus in Temuco, ChileHantavirus infectionHantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the United States: A pathological description of a disease caused by a new agentHantaviruses: Clinical, Microbiologic, and Epidemiologic AspectsHaemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome: Clinical aspectsPyelonephritis und chronische interstitielle NephritisArbor-Viren (durch Arthropoden übertragbare Viren)Shock in infectious diseasesTHE FORTY-NINTH STARRENAL SEQUELÆ OF EPIDEMIC HÆMORRHAGIC FEVERRENAL PAPILLARY NECROSIS1Das epidemische h�morrhagische FieberPANHYPOPITUITARISM FOLLOWING EPIDEMIC HEMORRHAGIC FEVER. I. CLINICAL FEATURES: REPORT OF A CASE*SAMUEL J. ZOECKLER, JAMES A. ORBISONThe pathology of thirty-nine fatal cases of epidemic hemorrhagic feverAnalysis of sequential physiologic derangements in epidemic hemorrhagic feverII. The pathology of epidemic haemorrhagic feverThe electrocardiogram in hemorrhagic fever 1 January 1953Volume 38, Issue 1Page: 73-76KeywordsAutopsyHemorrhagic fevers Issue Published: 1 January 1953 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13837: Helicopter Emergency Medical Service Transport Time Savings for ST-elevated Myocardial Infarctions
Authors: Jaron J Soulek, Annette O Arthur, Allen Wang, Andrew P Reimer, Mike Simmons, Michael Brunko, Stephen H Thomas
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Decreasing time to percutaneous intervention (PCI) has been shown to dramatically improve outcomes in STEMI patients. Helicopter EMS (HEMS) STEMI transports are frequent, and incur high-profile costs, so it is important to ascertain HEMS cost-effectiveness for STEMI cases. This study aimed to work towards characterizing HEMS-for-STEMI cost-effectiveness by estimating time savings (i.e. decrease in interfacility transport time) associated with HEMS use as compared to ground transport. Secondarily, the study assessed whether HEMS-associated STEMI case time savings were similar in different HEMS programs located in different regions of the U.S. Methods: The study was a prospective, non-interventional multi-center analysis of all interfacility HEMS flights for primary PCI gathered consecutively from 4 participating HEMS services from Nov 1, 2012 to Oct 31, 2013, with the primary endpoint of transport time obtained from run sheets. Previously validated methods using Google Earth were used to calc...
Antinuclear Antibodies and Anti‐DNA Antibodies in Scleroderma
Authors: J. Serup, P. Staun‐Olsen
Journal: Allergy (1986)

Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), including anti‐DNA antibodies, and rheumatoid factors (RAT, Waaler‐Rose) were determined prospectively during a 3‐year period in 40 patients with localized scleroderma (LS) compared with 77 patients with generalized scleroderma (GS). ANA were increased in 25% of patients with LS, and in 47% with GS, anti‐DNA antibodies m 23% of patients with LS, and in 34% with GS. Thus, the anti‐DNA antibody level was lower compared with the known level in systemic lupus erythematosus. Rheumatoid factors were present in 6–7% of patients with LS, and in 14–15% of patients with GS. Increased antinuclear antibodies were not associated with any specific type of localized scleroderma, nor with internal disorders, and no case of clinical overlap to discoid or systemic lupus erythematosus was observed. However, six patients with localized scleroderma and complaints of arthralgia all presented increased antibodies, and one patient showed overlap to rheumatoid arthritis. It is suggested that increased ANA and anti‐DNA antibodies in localized scleroderma, associated with joint manifestations, represents a systemic component m this type of scleroderma, with activation of the immune system and similarities with generalized collagen diseases.
Consultants profit too much from private work, says health secretary
Authors: Helen Morant
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The health secretary, Alan Milburn, has criticised consultants for profiting excessively from private work, describing the practice as one of the perverse incentives operating in Britain's NHS. “Consultants on maximum part time contracts earn nearly as much from the private sector as…from the NHS,” he said.

Mr Milburn, who was speaking to an audience of health service managers at the Royal College of Surgeons last week, asked: “Why is it that despite large increases in consultant numbers over the last few decades, the average time people have had to …
Abstract 19483: Assessment of Outcome in Patients With Acute Minor Ischemic Stroke Treated With Intravenous TPA
Authors: Sameer Sharma, Umair Afzal, Mubashir Pervez, Rochele Clark, Julius G Latorre, Ziad El-Zammar
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Minor acute stroke (NIHSS≤4) within 4.5 hours from symptom onset is a common reason for withholding intravenous (iv) Thrombolysis (TPA), due to potential risk of major bleeding with such treatment and assumed good outcome without intervention. This subgroup of patients was excluded from the landmark NINDS iv tPA trial as per the prespecified protocol and also from various recent clinical trials involving acute stroke. In a recent study of patients with Rapid Improving symptoms and Minor stroke who did not receive IV tPA, 28.3% could not be discharged home and 28.5% could not ambulate independently at the time of discharge (Smith et al 2011). The efficacy of iv TPA in Minor stroke has not been previously studied. Method: Retrospective review of consecutive patients with Minor stroke (NIHSS ≤4) arriving within 4.5 hours between January 2009-July 2013 was done. Outcome in patients who received IV TPA was compared with patients who did not receive any IV tPA. Good outcome was defined as mRS ≤2. Results: 186 patients were identified out of which 20 received iv tPA. The baseline median NIHSS was 2 in the non-intervention group vs 3 in the intervention group (p =0.001), more cardioembolic, cryptogenic and lacunar stroke in tPA group (40% vs 35.53%, 20% vs 14.46% and 30% vs 22.89% respectively) there was no other statistically significant difference between the baseline characteristics of the two groups. Median change in NIHSS from admission to discharge was 1 for non-tPA vs 2.5 for tPA(p&lt;0.001) and good outcome at discharge was seen in 80% patients in tPA vs 69.28% in non-tpa group (p =0.321). 8-12 week follow up data was available for 100 patients (12 tPA patients). Mean mRS was 1.34 in non-tPA vs 1 in tPA group (p=0.430) Conclusion: Acute intervention in Minor stroke appears to be safe. We did not find any statistically significant difference in clinical outcome between the two groups; this is likely due to small sample size, short follow-up period, and other confounding factors that we cannot fully account for in a retrospective study. A prospective randomized control study is warranted to clearly delineate the effect of iv TPA in patients with Minor stroke.