tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of CCNU (NSC-79037) on Bronchogenic Carcinoma 2
Authors: Hiroshi Takita, Antonio Brugarolas
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Effect of CCNU (NSC-79037) on Bronchogenic Carcinoma Get access Hiroshi Takita, M.D., Hiroshi Takita, M.D. Department of Thoracic Surgery, New York State Department of Health, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14203 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Antonio Brugarolas, M.D. Antonio Brugarolas, M.D. Department of Thoracic Surgery, New York State Department of Health, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, New York 14203 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 1, January 1973, Pages 49–53, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.1.49 Published: 01 January 1973 Article history Received: 30 June 1972 Accepted: 31 August 1972 Published: 01 January 1973
Cocaine, Ethanol, and Genotype Effects on Human Midbrain Serotonin Transporter Binding Sites and mRNA Levels
Authors: Karley Y. Little, Daniel P. McLaughlin, Lian Zhang, Cynthia S. Livermore, Gregory W. Dalack, Patrick R. McFinton, Zachary S. DelProposto, Elizabeth Hill, Bader J. Cassin, Stanley J. Watson, Edwin H. Cook
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

Earlier platelet and postmortem brain studies have found alterations in serotonin transporter function in ethanol-abusing human subjects. The present investigation tested the hypothesis that brain serotonin transporter function is altered in chronic users of ethanol and cocaine, which might be related to a common serotonin transporter promoter polymorphism.Serotonin transporter binding sites, serotonin transporter mRNA levels, and serotonin transporter promoter variants were quantified in postmortem samples from a group of human subjects who had been ethanol users or cocaine users and then compared to those of a matched group of comparison subjects. Quantitative autoradiographic and in situ hybridization assays were performed in midbrain samples that contained the dorsal and median raphe nuclei (the location of serotonin cell bodies that innervate the forebrain).There was a significant overall cocaine-by-ethanol-by-genotype interaction. Dorsal raphe [125I]CIT binding to the serotonin transporter was lower in cocaine users than in comparison subjects. In addition, serotonin transporter binding and serotonin transporter mRNA levels varied significantly by genotype. It was also found that serotonin transporter binding in subjects with either the short or heterozygote genotype was significantly higher in the ethanol-user subjects.Serotonin transporter binding sites were regulated in a region-specific and substance-specific pattern, which was not simply a local response to functional blockade. Also, a reciprocal relationship appeared to exist between cocaine and ethanol effects in the dorsal raphe, which may have interesting clinical implications for dual-diagnosis patients. It is possible that serotonin transporter promoter genotype may play a complex role in chronic ethanol dependence.
Recipient Age and Weight Affect Chronic Renal Allograft Rejection in Rats
Authors: SHANYING LIU, JENS LUTZ, BALAZS ANTUS, YOUSHENG YAO, SOHYUN BAIK, FRIEDERIKE ILLIES, UWE HEEMANN
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

Abstract. Nephron doses and immune responses change with age. Therefore, age is a potential risk factor for graft survival after kidney transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine whether age-related differences are of importance for long-term outcomes after renal transplantation. Kidneys from Fisher 344 rats were orthotopically transplanted into nephrectomized Lewis rats. Kidneys were transplanted using donors and recipients of three age levels, i.e. , young (8 wk of age), adult (16 wk of age), and old (40 wk of age). Rats were killed 24 wk after transplantation, and functional, morphologic, and molecular evaluations were performed. Recipient age, rather than donor age, determined graft survival rates. No significant correlation was observed between donor kidney weight on the day of transplantation and morphologic results. Advanced recipient age was associated with reduced creatinine clearance, more severe histologic injuries, including extended glomerular sclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and vascular lesions, more pronounced cellular infiltration, and greater expression of transforming growth factor-β and platelet-derived growth factor A and B chains. Although no significant correlation between donor age or kidney weight on the day of transplantation and morphologic results was observed, there was a significant correlation between recipient body weight on the day of transplantation and allograft injury. It is concluded that recipient age and weight affect chronic renal rejection. Renal allografts may benefit from young recipient age but may deteriorate in old recipients, suggesting effects of recipient functional demand on long-term outcomes.
Predictive factors for peripheral-blood progenitor-cell collections using a single large-volume leukapheresis after cyclophosphamide and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mobilization.
Authors: J L Passos-Coelho, H G Braine, J M Davis, A M Huelskamp, K G Schepers, K Ohly, B Clarke, S K Wright, S J Noga, N E Davidson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE (1) To study the ability of mobilized peripheral-blood progenitor cells (PBPC) collected in a single large-volume leukapheresis performed on a predetermined date to accelerate engraftment after high-dose cyclophosphamide and thiotepa; (2) to establish the minimum dose of PBPC associated with early engraftment; and (3) to identify parameters predictive of collection of large numbers of PBPC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-three patients with breast cancer received cyclophosphamide (4 g/m2) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor ([GM-CSF] 5 micrograms/kg/d x 15 days) for PBPC mobilization. A single leukapheresis was performed 15 days after cyclophosphamide administration. Then, patients received high-dose cyclophosphamide and thiotepa followed by reinfusion of PBPC and 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4HC)-purged bone marrow. PBPC concentration was measured in serial peripheral-blood samples and in the leukapheresis product. Correlation analysis between PBPC dose and engraftment and between leukapheresis yield and patient characteristics was attempted. RESULTS A single leukapheresis processed a median 36 L (range, 24 to 46) blood and collected 5 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg (&lt; 0.3 to 24) and 6.2 x 10(5) colony-forming units granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM)/kg (&lt; 0.001 to 29). All sixteen patients (70%) reinfused with &gt; or = 2.9 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg reached a level of greater than 1,000 leukocytes/microL by day 13 and greater than 50,000 platelets/microL by day 15. All of these patients had a percentage of peripheral-blood CD34+ cells &gt; or = 0.5%, and all but one, a level of greater than 100,000 platelets/microL, on the day of leukapheresis. The bone marrow CD34+ cell percentage at study entry predicted the number of CD34+ cells collected after PBPC mobilization (R2 = .42, P = .002). All patients with &gt; or = 2.5% bone marrow CD34+ cells experienced early engraftment. CONCLUSION Reinfusion of PBPC collected in a single leukapheresis accelerates engraftment in the majority of patients. Pretreatment bone marrow CD34+ cell content determines PBPC mobilization capacity and may help select hematopoietic rescue strategies.
Prognostic value of c-myc proto-oncogene overexpression in early invasive carcinoma of the cervix.
Authors: J Bourhis, M G Le, M Barrois, A Gerbaulet, D Jeannel, P Duvillard, V Le Doussal, D Chassagne, G Riou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

The prognostic effect of c-myc oncogene overexpression was assessed in a multivariate analysis of 93 patients with invasive carcinoma of the cervix, stage Ib, IIa, and IIb proximal. The treatment was based on the association of brachytherapy-colpohysterectomy and lymphadenectomy. Analysis of c-myc gene expression was done using Northern and slot blot hybridization techniques. Overexpression of c-myc (ie, levels at least three times the mean observed in normal tissues) was present in 33% of the tumors. The proportion of carcinomas with c-myc overexpression significantly increased with the size of the primary tumor (P = .04). No relationship was found between c-myc overexpression and the other clinical and histologic parameters, including the nodal status. The relative risk of relapse (overall, pelvic failure, distant metastases) was analyzed in a Cox's proportional hazards model. Three factors were significantly related to the risk of overall relapse when the multivariate analysis was performed, namely, the tumor size, the nodal status, and c-myc expression. A combination of c-myc expression and the nodal status provided a very accurate indication of the risk of relapse. Indeed, patients with negative nodes had a 3-year disease-free survival rate of 93% (95% confidence interval [Cl], 79% to 98%) when c-myc was expressed at a normal level, whereas this rate was only 51% (95% Cl, 26% to 63%) when c-myc was overexpressed (log-rank test, P = .02). In addition, in the subgroup of patients with positive nodes, this rate was 44% (95% Cl, 25% to 77%) and 15% (95% Cl, 4% to 49%) when c-myc gene was expressed at normal level, or overexpressed, respectively. Finally, c-myc gene overexpression was, in the multivariate analysis, the first factor selected by the model regarding the risk of distant metastases.
Reproducibility of leukotriene D<sub>4</sub> inhalation challenge in asthmatics
Authors: L. Frölund, F. Madsen, J. Nielsen
Journal: Allergy (1991)

We have studied the reproducibility of a bronchial leukotriene (LT) provocation test in asthmatics, and the effect of prior treatment with an oral leukotriene D 4 /E 4 antagonist (SR 2640) on LTD 4 ‐induced bronchoconstriction in nine asthmatics in a double‐blind placebo‐controlled randomized cross‐over trial. The reproducibility of the bronchial leukotriene provocation test was high. For a specific patient, the replication variance is 0.2303, and the standard deviation is thus 0.4799, corresponding to 48%, i.e. one halving of the dose or half doubling of the dose. SR 2640 antagonised LTD 4 induced bronchoconstriction causing a mean shift of 48 % to the right of the dose‐response curve as compared with placebo (95% confidence interval being 11‐137%). This study demonstrates that bronchial LTD, provocation test is a safe and reproducible method in asthmatics, and that the method can be used to detect LT‐antagonism; furthermore that SR 2640 is a weak LTD 4 ‐antagonist in asthmatics.
Influence of patient baseline characteristics and concomitant medication on outcomes in long-term trials of COPD: Analysis of the UPLIFT® trial
Authors: Marc Decramer, Bartolome Celli, Norbert Metzdorf, Inge Leimer, Donald Tashkin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Several long-acting bronchodilators (BDs) were introduced recently as maintenance therapy for COPD. However, a direct comparison of the effects of these newer agents with existing therapy from long-term studies is lacking.   Aims and objectives:  To investigate if patient selection affects the magnitude of effects observed in clinical studies in COPD.   Methods:  Subgroup analysis of the UPLIFT® trial using in/exclusion criteria similar to clinical programs of other long-acting BDs (OLB), ie, exclusion of GOLD IV patients and concomitant long-acting β 2 -agonists. Spirometry and SGRQ: mixed-model repeated measures ANOVA with random subject effects; number of events: Poisson regression with correction for overdispersion.   Results:  Baseline patient characteristics are shown in the table. For UPLIFT total vs OLB subgroup, minimum, maximum improvements tiotropium versus placebo over 4 yrs were: trough FEV 1 , 0.09-0.10L vs 0.10-0.13L; SGRQ total score, -2.30 to -3.35 vs -2.14 to -4.14. Overall exacerbation rate (per pt-yr) in tiotropium/placebo groups differed between UPLIFT total (0.74/0.87) and OLB subgroup (0.43/0.48), rate ratios for tiotropium vs placebo were 0.86 and 0.89 respectively.   Conclusion:  Efficacy results in COPD placebo-controlled clinical trials are influenced by included patient population characteristics and/or allowed concomitant medication. Cross-trial efficacy comparisons should take this into account.
Abstract 15237: Serum Galectin-3 Level Predicts Late Recurrence Following Cryoballoon-based Pulmonary Vein Isolation in Lone Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Kadri M Gurses, Muhammed U Yalcin, Duygu Kocyigit, Hande Canpinar, Banu Evranos, Ahmet H Ates, Hikmet Yorgun, Mehmet L Sahiner, Ergun B Kaya, Dicle Guc, Mehmet A Oto, Kudret Aytemir
Journal: Circulation (2014)

BACKGROUND: Left atrial(LA) interstitial fibrosis is known to be a key contributor to atrial fibrillation(AF) development and maintenance. The role of galectin-3 in the pathogenesis of cardiac fibrosis has been demonstrated in previous studies. We aimed to determine whether serum galectin-3 level is an independent predictor for the late AF recurrence in patients with lone AF who underwent cryoballoon- based pulmonary ven isolation(PVI). METHODS: 100 patients (43.80% male, 56.95± 11.36 years) with lone AF who underwent cryoballoon-based PVI were included in the study. Pre-procedural galectin-3 levels were measured with ELISA. RESULTS: At a follow-up of 12 months, 76 (76%) patients were free of late AF recurrence. Body mass index(BMI) ( 25.04± 1.54 vs. 23.93± 2.08 kg/m2, p=0.002), AF duration [7 (3- 20) vs. 5 (1- 24) months, p=0.024], serum galectine-3 levels [11.10 (4.20- 33.80) vs. 5.70 (2.60- 12.40) ng/mL, p&lt;0.001], left atrial diameter(LAD) (4.30± 0.40 vs.3.79± 0.42 cm, p&lt;0.001) and incidence of early recurrence (60 vs 2%, p&lt;0.001) were found to be significantly higher in patients with late AF recurrence. Serum galectin-3 levels (HR: 1.16, p&lt;0.001), LAD (HR: 3.38, p= 0.042) and early recurrence (HR: 10.92, p&lt;0.001) were found to be independent predictors of late AF recurrence in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. A cut-off level for serum galectin-3 level of 7.9 ng/mL predicted late AF recurrence in lone AF patients with a sensitivity of 93.33% and specificity of 87.76% (AUC: 0.910, p&lt;0.001). CONCLUSION: Pre-procedural serum galectin-3 level is an independent predictor of late AF recurrence following cryoballoon-based PVI in patients with lone AF. Galectin-3 may serve as a novel biomarker to identify patients with high recurrence risk following AF ablation.
Prevalence and Spectrum of Thin Filament Mutations in an Outpatient Referral Population With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sara L. Van Driest, Erik G. Ellsworth, Steve R. Ommen, A. Jamil Tajik, Bernard J. Gersh, Michael J. Ackerman
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Thin filament mutations are reported to cause approximately 20% of cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and they have been associated with specific phenotypes. However, the frequency of these mutations and their associated phenotype(s) from a large tertiary referral center population are unknown.DNA was obtained from 389 unrelated patients with HCM. A mutational analysis of all protein coding exons of cardiac troponin T, cardiac troponin I, alpha-tropomyosin, and cardiac actin was performed using polymerase chain reaction, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography, and DNA sequencing. The clinical data were extracted from patient records and maintained independent of the patient genotype. Overall, only 18 patients (4.6%) harbored isolated thin filament mutations: 8 had troponin T mutations, 6 had troponin I mutations, 3 had alpha-tropomyosin mutations, and 1 had an actin mutation. Of the 12 unique missense mutations identified, 9 (75%) were novel mutations. As a group, patients with thin filament mutations were not significantly different from the rest of the cohort in age at diagnosis, left ventricular wall thickness, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, or family history of HCM or sudden cardiac death.Mutations in genes encoding thin filament proteins are less prevalent in HCM than previously estimated. Patients with mutations in troponin T, troponin I, alpha-tropomyosin, and actin do not invariably present with any distinct clinical feature, thus limiting the utility of gene status for risk stratification or of clinical phenotype in guiding individual genetic screening at this time.
Predicting the "revolving door" phenomenon among patients with schizophrenic, schizoaffective, and affective disorders
Authors: Thomas W. Haywood, Howard M. Kravitz, Linda S. Grossman, James L. Cavanaugh, John M. Davis, Dan A. Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

A subpopulation of chronically mentally ill patients, sometimes referred to as "revolving door" patients, are frequently readmitted to psychiatric units. This study examined the relationships among demographic features, diagnostic characteristics, and frequency of hospitalization of patients from four state hospitals.Two semistructured, standardized instruments, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia and a life events history, were administered to 135 inpatients who met the Research Diagnostic Criteria for schizophrenia (N = 56), schizoaffective disorder (N = 33), unipolar major depressive disorder (N = 23), and bipolar disorder (N = 23). Criminal history was assessed by arrest records. The main outcome measure was the number of hospitalizations.Chi-square and trend test analyses indicated that substance abuse and noncompliance with medication regimens were significantly associated with higher frequencies of hospitalization. A multiple regression model, which included alcohol/drug problems, medication noncompliance, and six sociodemographic and diagnostic variables (age, gender, race, marital status, years of education, and diagnosis) accounted for a significant proportion of the ability to predict frequency of hospitalization. Half of this predictability was due to the relationship of substance abuse and medication noncompliance with number of hospitalizations.Alcohol/drug problems and noncompliance with medication were the most important factors related to frequency of hospitalization. Preventing these behaviors through patient education may reduce rehospitalization rates.
Evaluation of the distinction between responder and non-responder in FOLFOX/FOLFIRI based on the alteration of serum iron level
Authors: T. Ochiai, K. Nishimura, T. Watanabe, M. Kitajima, N. Nakayama, S. Mashiko, R. Yamazaki, N. Kaneko, S. Futagawa, I. Nagaoka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e15110 Background: The alteration of serum-iron level during chemotherapy is already reported (Follezou, NEOPLASMA 1985). However, the correlation to prognosis has not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between prognosis and serum-iron level in advanced / metastatic colorectal cancer (aCRC / mCRC) patients treated by FOLFOX / FOLFIRI. Methods: Serum-iron levels, hemoglobin, AST and ALT serum levels in immediately pre and post chemotherapy were analyzed in 58 aCRC / mCRC patients received FOLFOX-4 / FOLFIRI therapy between April 2005 and September 2008. 26 patients received FOLFOX-4 / FOLFIRI therapy as the final chemotherapy died by the time of analysis. These patients were categorized into the high increase group and the low increase group using 200% increase as cut-off value and the prognosis was compared. Results: Mean serum-iron levels in immediately pre and post chemotherapy were 71.7±29.0μg/dl and 186.8±83.2μg/dl, respectively, and significant increase after chemotherapy was observed (p&lt;0.001). This increase was transient and returns to pre chemotherapy level by the start of next course. This alteration was always observed on the chemotherapy. The median survival times from the initiation of FOLFOX-4 / FOLFIRI therapy for the high increase group (n: 5) and the low increase group (n: 21) were 487 and 182 days, respectively, and was significantly better in the high increase group (p=0.004). The alterations of hemoglobin, AST and ALT serum levels in immediately pre and post chemotherapy were not observed. Conclusions: It is suggested that serum-iron increase is a biological response not attributed to leakage from erythrocyte and hepatocyte. Significantly better prognosis in high serum-iron group may suggest the usefulness of serum-iron level to distinguish responder and non-responder in FOLFOX-4/FOLFIRI therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hepatitis C virus infection among tuberculosis patients in Sohag Governorate: Seroprevalence and associated risk factors
Authors: Mohamed Badawy, Mona Taha, Laia Mohamed, Ahmed Fathy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Setting:  Tuberculosis (TB) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection have emerged as major public health problems in Egypt.   Objective:  To determine the prevalence and risk factors for the HCV infection among patients with TB in Sohag.   Material and methods:  A cross-sectional study was carried out at Sohag university hospital. Hundred thirty five tuberculosis patients were fulfilled the inclusion criteria. age more than 15 years old, patients with all form of tuberculosis either pulmonary or extra pulmonary. Anti-HCV antibodies were done for all patients. A case-control study was performed to identify risk factors for HCV infection. Cases were defined as patients with TB who were HCV-seropositive, and controls were defined as patients with TB who were HCV-seronegative.   Results:  HCV infection was diagnosed in 21/135 (6.4%). Goza smokers (P value 0.01 Odd9s Ratio 3.75, 95% confidence interval 0.24 - 0.44), history of operation (P value 0.001 ORs 7.67, 95% CI 0.165 – 0.263), blood transfusion (P value 0.004 ORs 7.2, 95% CI 0.103 – 0.362), presence of tattoos (P value 0.03 ORs 3.4, 95% CI 0.168 – 0.338), extra pulmonary tuberculosis (P value 0.004 ORs 3.5, 95% CI 2.341- 3.384), low serum albumin (P value 0.002 ORs 0.5, 95% CI 0.068 – 0.317) were the main risk factors associated with HCV infection.   Conclusion:  Universal screening for HCV infection in TB patients is highly recommended. There is an urgent need to detect HCV infection in high-risk groups to prevent future HCV transmission as well as morbidity and mortality associated with TB.