tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intramuscular vitamin K and childhood cancer.
Authors: D. Kaiser, P. A. Hooper
Journal: BMJ (1992)

and delivered non-spontaneously and children given oral vitamin K or no vitamin K and delivered spontaneously.An appropriate way to separate any possible effect of type of delivery from the effect of vitamin K would be a Mantel-Haenszel analysis in which the data are stratified also for type of delivery (or a logistic regression analysis using a model that incorporates interaction terms between the variables hospital and type of delivery, as well as between hospital and year of delivery).
Treatment of Graves' Disease-Reply
Authors: Martin L. Nusynowitz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The main objective is to prevent the patient with severe Graves' exophthalmos from becoming hypothyroid. We usually use an alternative approach of close follow-up of such patients after<sup>131</sup>I therapy and institution of thyroid hormone replacement as soon as the serum thyroxine value drops into the lower normal range.
Community-based HIV Trials Are Rigorous, Says NIH
Authors: Mary A. Foulkes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 November 1993Community-based HIV Trials Are Rigorous, Says NIHMary A. Foulkes, MD, Lawrence R. Deyton, MD, and Susan S. Ellenberg, MDMary A. Foulkes, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Lawrence R. Deyton, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Susan S. Ellenberg, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-9-199311010-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:We share Dr. Stolley's concerns about the inadequacy of nonrandomized studies to identify and evaluate reliably the effects of experimental drugs. Our experience, however, is entirely inconsistent with his premise that there exists a trend toward abandonment of randomization in large community-based trials [1].The Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (CPCRA), sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, was developed specifically to afford community practitioners the opportunity to participate in randomized trials. This program, initiated in 1989, has been extremely successful; 20 studies are in progress or have been completed ...References1. Stolley PD. The hazards of misguided compassion. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:822-3. Google Scholar2. Aboulker JP, Swart AM. Preliminary analysis of the Concorde trial. Concorde Coordinating Committee (Letter). Lancet. 1993; 341:889. Google Scholar3. Beltangady M. Expanded access for HIV treatments: The VIDEX (ddI) experience and future plans. Biometric Bulletin. 1993; 10:7. Google Scholar4. Harrington M. Comment on statistical issues arising in AIDS clinical trials. J Am Stat Assoc. 1992; 87:573-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 9Page: 956-957KeywordsAIDSAllergy and immunologyAntiretroviral therapyClinical trialsDrugsHIVHIV infectionsInfectious diseasesRandomized trials Issue Published: 1 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Informal complaints procedure in general practice
Authors: P K Schutte
Journal: BMJ (1994)

appreciable number of senior house officers enter general practice and therefore there will be many departments with a two day shortfall in senior house officers.The NHS executive must be reminded that senior house officers do not rotate endlessly within the NHS hospitals, but follow a career path.Any plans for changing the start dates of house officers must take into account the end points of these career paths, which may lie outside NHS hospitals.
Atopy does not predispose to RSV bronchiolitis or postbronchiolitic wheezing.
Authors: D G Sims, P S Gardner, D Weightman, M W Turner, J F Soothill
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Twenty-six 8-year-old children who had had respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis in infancy and their paired controls underwent skin and blood tests to assess the role of immunodeficiency and atopy in the pathogenesis of RSV bronchiolitis and the wheezing that may follow it. There was no difference between patients and controls in prevalence of atopy; positive results of prick tests to common antigens; eosinophil counts; yeast opsonisation defect; C2 deficiency; IgG, IgA, IgM, and IgE concentrations; or IgE antibody to dermatophagoides, timothy-grass pollen, and cat fur. Those of the children who had had RSV bronchiolitis and who continued to wheeze had a slightly higher mean eosinophil count and levels of IgE antibody to dermatophagoides than those who did not wheeze. Exercise-induced bronchial lability, though higher in patients than controls, did not correlate significantly with eosinophil counts or IgE concentrations. The genetic factors predisposing to RSV bronchiolitis and postbronchiolitic wheezing may differ from those predisposing to atopic asthma, though exclusive breast feeding may protect against both.
Stopping Medical Research to Save Money
Authors: Bruce M. Psaty, Drummond Rennie
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reforming the Core Clerkship in Internal Medicine
Authors: A. Sidney Barritt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters16 October 2001Reforming the Core Clerkship in Internal MedicineA. Sidney Barritt III, MDA. Sidney Barritt III, MDRoanoke, VA 24014 (Barritt)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-8_Part_1-200110160-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The article by Goroll and associates on reforming the core clerkship in internal medicine (1) intrigued me because I participated in such a clerkship as a faculty member and associate director for many years. My son is now about to experience it as part of his third year in medicine, and I wondered where the state of this elusive art is.The authors' Table 1 lists basic generalist competencies that “should be taught in all cases, when appropriate.” In the examples given for test interpretation, electrocardiography is not listed, but echocardiography is. Certainly, the cardiac echo has ...Reference1. Goroll AH, Morrison G, Bass EB, Jablonover R, Blackman D, Platt R, et al . Reforming the core clerkship in internal medicine: the SGIM/CDIM Project. Society of General Internal Medicine/Clerkship Directors in Internal Medicine. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:30-7. [PMID: 11187418] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Roanoke, VA 24014 (Barritt) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoReforming the Core Clerkship in Internal Medicine: The SGIM/CDIM Project Allan H. Goroll , Gail Morrison , Eric B. Bass , Robert Jablonover , Dionne Blackman , Roger Platt , Alison Whelan , and Francine P. Hekelman Reforming the Core Clerkship in Internal Medicine Allan H. Goroll Reforming the Core Clerkship in Internal Medicine Allan H. Goroll Metrics 16 October 2001Volume 135, Issue 8_Part_1Page: 635KeywordsArrhythmiaEchocardiographyElectrocardiographyMyocardial infarction ePublished: 16 October 2001 Issue Published: 16 October 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Antihypertensive Therapy and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes in an Elderly Cohort
Authors: Raj Padwal, Muhammad Mamdani, David A. Alter, Jan E. Hux, Deanna M. Rothwell, Karen Tu, Andreas Laupacis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—The aim of this study was to determine whether the incidence of type 2 diabetes differed among elderly users of four major antihypertensive drug classes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a retrospective, observational cohort study of previously untreated elderly patients (aged ≥66 years) identified as new users of an antihypertensive drug class between April 1995 and March 2000. Using a Cox proportional hazards model, the primary analysis compared diabetes incidence in users of ACE inhibitors, β-blockers, and calcium channel blockers (CCBs), with thiazide diuretics allowed as second-line therapy. In the secondary analysis, thiazide diuretics were added as a fourth study group. RESULTS—In the multivariable-adjusted primary analysis (n = 76,176), neither ACE inhibitor use (hazard ratio 0.96 [95% CI 0.84–1.1]) nor β-blocker use (0.86 [0.74–1.0]) was associated with a statistically significant difference in type 2 diabetes incidence compared with the CCB control group. In the secondary analysis (n = 100,653), compared with CCB users, type 2 diabetes incidence was not significantly different between users of ACE inhibitors (0.97 [0.83–1.1]), β-blockers (0.84 [0.7–1.0]), or thiazide diuretics (1.0 [0.89–1.2]). CONCLUSIONS—Type 2 diabetes incidence did not significantly differ among users of the major antihypertensive drug classes in this elderly, population-based administrative cohort. These results do not support the theory that different antihypertensive drug classes are relatively more or less likely to cause diabetes.
Modern Perspectives in Child Psychiatry
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In this, the first of a projected series on modern perspectives in psychiatry, the editor explains that the object is to bring new information to the clinicians as soon as possible. Child psychiatry was chosen as the topic because of the rapidity with which this field has been growing.  contributors, all British psychiatrists and psychologists and prominent in the areas about which they write, have skillfully summarized not merely their own work but that of others, so that each chapter presents a good survey of recent developments in a particular field.  While the book is divided into two parts,  basis and clinical aspects, it is all designed for the practicing physician. In the scientific section the longest paper, entitled The Application of Learning Theory to Child Psychiatry, by Eysenck, is especially interesting and informative. All the chapters of this part are well worth reading, especially those dealing with
Nuclear Fuel Hazards
Authors: John K. Mustard
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  Many of the points emphasized by Press Nuclear and Fossil-Fueled Plants Generating Electricity (22:1281, 1972) need to be thoroughly developed so that physicians are properly informed of the environmental hazards of nuclear generating plants. Dr. Press listed only one reference—M. Eisenbud's thesis ( Science 144:288, 1964)—which claimed that a 1,000-megawatt coal-fired plant would release to the atmosphere each year 28 millicuries of radionuclides. Based on this claim, Eisenbud and others have attempted to exonerate nuclear plants from any possible comparable criticism as emitters of radioactivity.  The fallacy of coal-fired plants creating harmful radioactivity has been laid to rest through an exchange of letters between the Scientists Institute for Public Information, Dr. Glenn Seaborg, former chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, and the National Coal Association. The fact is that coal-fired plants emit no fission products.  Dr. Press included a chart in his article that represents an estimate of the
Traumatic grief as a risk factor for mental and physical morbidity
Authors: H G Prigerson, A J Bierhals, S V Kasl, C F Reynolds, M K Shear, N Day, L C Beery, J T Newsom, S Jacobs
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The aim of this study was to confirm and extend the authors' previous work indicating that symptoms of traumatic grief are predictors of future physical and mental health outcomes.The study group consisted of 150 future widows and widowers interviewed at the time of their spouse's hospital admission and at 6-week and 6-, 13-, and 25- month follow-ups. Traumatic grief was measured with a modified version of the Grief Measurement Scale. Mental and physical health outcomes were assessed by self-report and interviewer evaluation. Survival analysis and linear and logistic regressions were used to determine the risk for adverse mental and physical health outcomes posed by traumatic grief.Survival and regression analyses indicated that the presence of traumatic grief symptoms approximately 6 months after the death of the spouse predicted such negative health outcomes as cancer, heart trouble, high blood pressure, suicidal ideation, and changes in eating habits at 13- or 25-month follow-up.The results suggest that it may not be the stress of bereavement, per se, that puts individuals at risk for long-term mental and physical health impairments and adverse health behaviors. Rather, it appears that psychiatric sequelae such as traumatic grief are of critical importance in determining which bereaved individuals will be at risk for long-term dysfunction.
UTILITY OF 3-DIMENSIONAL ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN PREDICTING THE IMMEDIATE OUTCOME OF PERCUTANEOUS TRANSVENOUS MITRAL COMMISSUROTOMY
Authors: Ramakrishnan Sivasubramanian, Bharat B. Kukreti, Anita Saxena, Nagendra Boopathy S, Kewal Goswami, Balram Bhargava, Sandeep Seth, Rajnish Juneja, Shyam S. Kothari, Vinay K. Bahl
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Surgical bleeding and calcium antagonists
Authors: M. Hynynen, A. Kuitunen, M. Salmenpera
Journal: BMJ (1996)

numerical data suggest a plateauing or even slight decrease in the length of unaffected nail in the itraconazole group.In contrast to Buck, however, we think that there is a continuous increase in the terbinafine group.We are confident that our opinion will be supported by the statistical evalua- tion of an additional, blinded 24 week follow up that we have performed in patients with clinical cure or continuous clinical improvement at 52 weeks.Buck's letter gives us the opportunity to com- ment on rates of relapse.De Cuyper recently reported that after 16 weeks' treatment with terbinafine and 32 weeks' follow up 17 patients who had been treated effectively were observed for a further two years; relapse occurred in only three.'This result accords with the 18% recurrence rate 12 months after clinical and mycological cure of the toenails with terbinafine reported by Villars and Jones.2The relatively high proportion of patients with adverse events in our study (40%) should not be overemphasised.In another study of onychomycosis with similar methodological conditions adverse events occurred in 41% of the patients taking placebo for 12 weeks.3In our study more than 90% of the patients and doctors stated that the tolerability of both drugs was good or excellent.We believe that terbinafine provides more than short term benefit for most patients.
Surgical Disconnection of the Cerebral Hemispheres for Intractable Seizures
Authors: Alfred J. Luessenhop
Journal: JAMA (1970)

In one infant, aged 4 months, and three young children, aged 3,3, and 7 years, with life-threatening, intractable, epileptic seizures the major interhemispheric commissures and one fornix were surgically divided. In the three children whose seizures were primarily of unilateral hemispheric origin the procedure has been very effective for control of seizures during followup intervals of 1 to 2 1/2 years. The infant's seizures were probably of bilateral origin and were not influenced by surgery. Surgical disconnection of the cerebral hemispheres may have greater application than hemispherectomy because it is not restricted to children with a severe hemiplegia and hemianopia. There was no evidence that cerebral disconnection produced an added neurological deficit, but elaborate testing for subtle deficits resulting from interruption of the interhemispheric transfer of information was not possible.
erbB-2, p53, and Efficacy of Adjuvant Therapy in Lymph Node-Positive Breast Cancer
Authors: Ann D. Thor, Donald A. Berry, Daniel R. Budman, Hyman B. Muss, Timothy Kute, I. Craig Henderson, Maurice Barcos, Constance Cirrincione, Susan Edgerton, Craig Allred, Larry Norton, Edison T. Liu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1998)

Background: We have previously reported that high expression of the erbB-2 gene (also known as HER-2/neu and ERBB2) in breast cancer is associated with patient response to dose-intensive treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin (Adriamycin), and 5-flurouracil (CAF) on the basis of short-term follow-up of 397 patients (set A) with axillary lymph node-positive tumors who were enrolled in Cancer and Leukemia Group B (CALGB) protocol 8541. Methods: To validate those findings, we conducted immunohistochemical analyses of erbB-2 and p53 protein expression in an additional cohort of 595 patients (set B) from CALGB 8541, as well as a molecular analysis of erbB-2 gene amplification in tumors from all patients (sets A and B). Marker data were compared with clinical, histologic, treatment, and outcome data. Results: Updated analyses of data from set A (median follow-up, 10.4 years) showed an even stronger interaction between erbB-2 expression and CAF dose, by use of either immunohistochemical or molecular data. A similar interaction between erbB-2 expression and CAF dose was observed in all 992 patients, analyzed as a single group. However, for set B alone (median follow-up, 8.2 years), results varied with the method of statistical analysis. By use of a proportional hazards model, the erbB-2 expression-CAF dose interaction was not significant for all patients. However, in the subgroups of patients randomly assigned to the high- or the moderate-dose arms, significance was achieved. When patient data were adjusted for differences by use of a prognostic index (to balance an apparent failure of randomization in the low-dose arm), the erbB-2 expression-CAF dose interaction was significant in all patients from the validation set B as well. An interaction was also observed between p53 immunopositivity and CAF dose. Conclusions: The hypothesis that patients whose breast tumors exhibit high erbB-2 expression benefit from dose-intensive CAF should be further validated before clinical implementation. Interactions between erbB-2 expression, p53 expression, and CAF dose underscore the complexities of predictive markers where multiple interactions may confound the outcome. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1998;90:1346-60]
Time to be neutral?
Authors: P. Bruggen
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The correspondence on assisted dying is going nowhere.1 2 3 4 For us still to be arguing about the definitions of single words is not a good sign.

We have different views, and I don’t expect us to agree, but it need not stop us respecting some of our differences. I have not come across anyone on the “change” side who wants to interfere with or influence …
Expression and characterization of Bet v 1 variants created by gene shuffling
Authors: M. Wallner, A. Stöcklinger, L. Vogel, B. Bohle, P. Hammerl, H. Breiteneder, K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, S. Vieths, J. Thalhamer, F. Ferreira
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Angiotensin II is mitogenic in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts.
Authors: W Schorb, G W Booz, D E Dostal, K M Conrad, K C Chang, K M Baker
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Angiotensin II has been reported to be a hormonal stimulus of cardiac growth, a response that may involve myocyte hypertrophy as well as growth of nonmyocytes. This study was designed to determine whether neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts have an angiotensin II receptor that is coupled with hypertrophic and/or proliferative growth. Competitive radioligand binding studies showed that cardiac fibroblasts have a single class of high-affinity (IC50, 1.0 nM) angiotensin II binding sites (Bmax, 778 fmol/mg protein) that are sensitive to the competitive nonpeptide AT1 receptor antagonist losartan (IC50, 13 nM). Other angiotensin peptides competed for [125I]angiotensin II binding in the following rank order: angiotensin II &gt; angiotensin III &gt; angiotensin I &gt; &gt; [des-Asp1-des-Arg2]angiotensin II. A nonhydrolyzable analogue of guanosine triphosphate increased the dissociation rate of bound [125I]angiotensin II and decreased hormone binding to the receptor at equilibrium. The angiotensin II receptor was coupled with increases in intracellular calcium. Incorporation of precursors into protein, DNA, and RNA in response to angiotensin II was determined. In serum-deprived cultures, a 24-hour exposure to 1 microM [Sar1]angiotensin II increased rates of phenylalanine, thymidine, and uridine incorporation by 58%, 103%, and 118%, respectively. These increases were blocked by the noncompetitive AT1 receptor antagonist EXP3174. After 48 hours, [Sar1]angiotensin II increased total protein and DNA of cardiac fibroblasts by 23% and 15%, respectively, with no change in the protein/DNA ratio. [Sar1]Angiotensin II increased cell number by 138% after a 24-hour exposure, without affecting cell area. In summary, cardiac fibroblasts have G protein-linked AT1 receptors that are coupled with proliferative growth. These results suggest that angiotensin II-induced cardiac hypertrophy is, in part, secondary to stimulated increases in nonmyocyte cellular growth.
Acute Duodenal Ulcer After Minor Burns in a Child
Authors: Joseph M. Primrose
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Gastroduodenal ulceration complicating the course of burned infants and children occurs most commonly with moderate (11% to 25%) burns.<sup>1</sup>The smallest burn resulting in peptic ulceration was reported in a 17-month-old child burned on 3% of the body surface.<sup>2</sup>This report was prompted by the rapid development of peptic ulceration with a fatal outcome from hemorrhage occurring in a child with minimal burns during an otherwise benign clinical course. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> An 18-month-old girl was admitted to the Detroit General Hospital one hour after sustaining 9% first degree scalds of the legs, feet, and posterior part of the thighs by accidental immersion in an overheated bath. Physical examination was otherwise remarkable; hemoglobin level was 12.9 gm/100 ml, white blood cell count (WBC) was 15,000/cu mm, and the x-ray film of the chest was normal. The burned area was cleaned and covered with nitrofurazone (Furacin)