tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nine in 10 Chinese are covered by medical insurance, but access to treatment remains a problem
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2012)

China’s wide ranging reforms of the health sector have resulted in almost universal coverage by social health insurance schemes and a greater degree of medical security, conclude reports from official state media. 

Healthcare financing experts acknowledge China’s progress as a result of a three year reform process, with central government funding of ¥850bn (£87bn; €105bn; $134bn) that started in early 2009, but point out that universal coverage is just one step on the road to equitable access to affordable healthcare.

The Chinese health minister, Chen Zhu, announced last week that 89% of urban residents and …
H.S.P. and Foreign Medical Care
Authors: A. R. McCann
Journal: BMJ (1965)

The entrant's share is low while he absorbs the intricacies of an established practice, theoretically leaning heavily for advice, etc., on his senior.How often does this work out ?Is the long and slow climb to parity necessary ?The prolonged discrepancies between share and work load all too commonly cause bad feeling and bitterness.Finally, is it not sad that any young man, proud of his heritage, product of a Scottish medical school, deems it necessary to leave his parents, friends, and familiar way of life and travel thousands of miles in the hope of making things better for himself and his family to a country of which, apart from the little he has learned from letters and journals, he knows nothing at all ?-I am, etc.,
Complement 5a receptor-mediated neutrophil dysfunction is associated with a poor outcome in sepsis
Authors: Ruonan Xu, Fang Lin, Chunmei Bao, Huihuang Huang, Chengcheng Ji, Siyu Wang, Lei Jin, Lijian Sun, Ke Li, Zheng Zhang, Fu-Sheng Wang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2015)
Aquaretic Effect of Lixivaptan, an Oral, Non-Peptide, Selective V2 Receptor Vasopressin Antagonist, in New York Heart Association Functional Class II and III Chronic Heart Failure Patients
Authors: William T. Abraham, Alireza A. Shamshirsaz, Kim McFann, Ron M. Oren, Robert W. Schrier
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
US gene therapy trial is to restart, despite patient’s death
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The US Food and Drug Administration has allowed the resumption of clinical trials of an experimental form of gene therapy for inflammatory arthritis. Trials were suspended in July when a patient died after a second injection into the knee joint of the gene based therapy developed by Targeted Genetics Corporation of Seattle, Washington.

Targeted Genetics said in a press release that the FDA had reviewed data on safety concerning all 127 patients in the trial of the treatment, which used tgAAC94, an investigational gene therapy product developed to treat active inflammatory arthritis, as well as data from the patient who died. The investigation found that the drug did not contribute to her death, the company said.

The Recombinant Advisory Committee of the National Institutes …
The role of liver fat and insulin resistance as determinants of plasma aminotransferase elevation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Maryann Maximos, Fernando Bril, Paola Portillo Sanchez, Romina Lomonaco, Beverly Orsak, Diane Biernacki, Amitabh Suman, Michelle Weber, Kenneth Cusi
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Plasma aminotransferases (aspartate aminotransferase [AST] and alanine aminotransferase [ALT]) are usually increased in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the factors behind their elevation remain unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the role of insulin resistance (IR) and liver triglyceride content in relation to histology in patients with NAFLD/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with normal or elevated ALT levels. To this end, we enrolled 440 patients, divided into three groups: no NAFLD (n = 60); NAFLD with normal ALT (n = 165); and NAFLD with elevated ALT (n = 215). We measured: (1) liver fat by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS); (2) severity of liver disease by biopsy (n = 293); and (3) insulin sensitivity in liver, muscle, and adipose tissue by a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp with 3-(3)H-glucose. Patients with NAFLD and elevated ALT, even when well matched for body mass index to those with normal ALT, had worse adipose tissue insulin resistance (ATIR; P < 0.0001), higher liver triglyceride content (P < 0.0001), and lower plasma adiponectin (P < 0.05), but no differences in hepatic insulin resistance. Similar results were found when only patients with NASH were compared: both ATIR (P < 0.0001) and liver triglyceride content by (1)H-MRS (P < 0.0001) were worse in NASH with elevated ALT. Consistent with the (1)H-MRS data, steatosis on liver biopsy was also significantly increased in patients with NASH and elevated ALT levels (P < 0.0001). However, and most important, there were no differences in inflammation (P = 0.62), ballooning (P = 0.13), or fibrosis (P = 0.12).In patients with NAFLD or NASH, ATIR (but not HIR) and liver triglyceride content are major factors in the elevation of plasma aminotransferase levels. Patients with normal versus elevated ALT had similar severity of NASH, suggesting that plasma aminotransferase levels are misleading parameters for guiding clinical management.
Evaluation of Nitroglycerin in Angina in Patients on Isosorbide Dinitrate
Authors: WILBERT S. ARONOW, HERMAN M. CHESLUK
Journal: Circulation (1970)

Seventeen male patients with angina pectoris due to coronary artery disease who had not received long-acting nitrites for at least 1 mo prior to this study were evaluated in a double-blind crossover study to investigate whether the presence of isosorbide dinitrate interfered with the effective response of exercise-induced angina to nitroglycerin administered sublingually. There was no significant difference in the duration of angina following nitroglycerin whether the patients were on no medication, sublingual placebo or sublingual isosorbide dinitrate. There was no significant difference in the blood pressure, heart rate, product of systolic blood pressure and heart rate, or electrocardiographic response after the complete relief of angina following sublingual nitroglycerin whether the patients were on no medication, sublingual placebo, or sublingual isosorbide dinitrate. These results indicate that long-acting nitrites do not cause any clinical impairment of the effective response of angina pectoris to sublingually administered nitroglycerin.
Any Complaints? — The Community Physician – Spring Sunshine
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

IT is often a humbling experience to find how implicitly most patients trust the doctors and nurses who care for them – even in these days when the public are so much better informed on medical matters. Their confidence is usually justified, but it is inevitable that standards occasionally lapse and complaints are made. In the National Health Service the situations leading to serious complaints have usually occurred in long-stay hospitals for the mentally sick or the elderly and have usually been due to a combination of poor administration and the effects of strain and fatigue on an overworked, understaffed . . .
Weight Loss vs Exercise to Reduce Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors
Authors: Fred M. Civish
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The study by Dr Katzel and colleagues<sup>1</sup>has been quoted widely by the national media, which have promoted the conclusion that weight loss is healthier than exercise for older men. Although the authors of the study are not necessarily responsible for quotations in the media, the apparent perceptions have their basis in the study and consequently have done a disservice for many Americans. This study seems to show that dieting to achieve weight loss has a more beneficial effect on risk factors such as fasting blood glucose, insulin usage, and high-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels than does exercise alone. Therefore, it can be concluded that these risk factors have improvement more from weight loss through dieting than from exercise alone. However, the conclusion that weight loss is the preferred treatment to improve CAD risk factors in overweight middle-aged and older men does not necessarily follow.
TCT-494 Safety and Effectiveness of Prasugrel vs. Clopidogrel in the Setting of Bivalirudin vs. Heparin Use: 30-day Results from TRANSLATE-ACS
Authors: Timothy D. Henry, Eric Peterson, David Cohen, Christine Ju, Gregg W. Stone, John C. Messenger, Gregg C. Fonarow, Mark B. Effron, Brian A. Baker, Marjorie Zettler, Tracy Y. Wang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Helicobacter pylori associated with a high prevalence of duodenal ulcer disease and a low prevalence of gastric cancer in a developing nation.
Authors: P J Hu, Y Y Li, M H Zhou, M H Chen, G G Du, B J Huang, H M Mitchell, S L Hazell
Journal: Gut (1995)

This study examines the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer--in particular, the presence or absence of bacteria, the grading of gastritis, and the degree of inflammation in the antral and oxyntic mucosae. The grading of gastritis and the detection of H pylori were determined by histology using the Sydney system. Of the 1006 patients examined, 34.5% had duodenal ulcer disease, 3.5% gastric ulcer disease, and 2% with coexistent ulceration. Most patients (50.2%) were classified as having non-ulcer dyspepsia. Altogether 2.4% of patients had gastric cancer and two further patients had carcinoma in the gastric stump. Of the ulcer disease patients, 87.2% had histological evidence of H pylori infection. After patients who had taken antibiotics or bismuth compounds in the preceding four weeks were excluded, 98.9% of the duodenal ulcer disease, 100% of the gastric ulcer disease, and 100% of the coexistent ulcer disease patients had evidence of H pylori infection. In patients with gastric cancer who had not taken antimicrobial agents in the four weeks before endoscopy, 83.3% had evidence of H pylori infection. Thus, there was a high rate of duodenal ulcer disease and a low rate of gastric ulcer disease in southern China, an area of low gastric cancer mortality. There was a specific topographical relationship between H pylori, the histological response, and gastroduodenal disease. Our data suggest that the status of a nation as either 9developed9 or 9developing9 can not be used to predict the upper gastrointestinal disease profile of its population.
[12] TELAPREVIR (VX-950) IS A POTENT INHIBITOR OF HCV NS3 PROTEASES DERIVED FROM GENOTYPE NON-1 HCV-INFECTED PATIENTS
Authors: C. Lin, B.L. Hanzelka, U. Muh, L. Kovari, D.J. Bartels, A.M. Tigges, J. Miller, B.G. Rao, A.D. Kwong
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
Tobacco company set up network of sympathetic scientists
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The author focuses on the issues related to succession planning in closely-held businesses. He states that working with family businesses affords unique opportunities and challenges, and argues that recognizing their particular strengths and weaknesses – not typically found in publicly owned companies – can provide important insight for successful planning engagements. Listing five important differentiating features, the author outlines and discusses a ten-step process designed to deal with effective succession planning. Turning to implementation issues, he introduced and discusses seven quantitative and nine qualitative tools, which could be used to create a customized solution.
Macroreentry in the infarcted human heart: The mechanism of ventricular tachycardias with a “focal” activation pattern
Authors: Jacques M.T. de Bakker, Frans J.L. van Capflle, Michiel J. Janse, Norbert M. van Hemel, Richard N.W. Hauer, JO J.A.M. Defauw, Freddy E.E. Vermeulen, Patricia F.A.Bakker de Wekker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Pneumococcal Vaccination in Diabetes
Authors: Thomas R. Beam
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The COMMENTARY by James M. Moss, MD (1980;243:2301), entitled "Pneumococcus Infection in Diabetes Mellitus: Is This a Justification for Immunization?" concluded that diabetes is not a valid indication for pneumococcal vaccination because excess risk for development of the disease among diabetics has not been established. I do not think that this conclusion is warranted for several reasons. First, direct extrapolation of animal data to humans is problematical. Citation of the study of Dolkart et al<sup>1</sup>examining antibody response among alloxan diabetic mice as proof of the contention that there is no measureable decrease in antibody response among diabetic humans may or may not be accurate. Richardson<sup>2</sup>studied diabetic patients and reported that antibody response to typhoid vaccine was impaired. However, we recently found that these patients do respond as well as control subjects to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine.<sup>3</sup>There are little or no data available
Metformin in Pregnancy
Authors: Florence M. Brown, Jennifer Wyckoff, Janet A. Rowan, Lois Jovanovic, David A. Sacks, Gerald G. Briggs
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The American Diabetes Association (ADA) responds to letters concerning published articles in Diabetes Care . It does not respond to letters concerning presentations at the ADA Annual Scientific Sessions or reports of such presentations. The ADA held an entire conference on the treatment of gestational diabetes in November 2005, in which the use of metformin was discussed. On 12 June 2005, the ADA’s newsletter from the 65th Annual Scientific Sessions, the Bayside Tribune (1), ran a piece entitled “Metformin Shown to be Safe and Effective in Pregnancy”. The article erroneously stated that speakers at a symposium answered “with a resounding ‘Yes’” to the question of whether metformin is safe and effective for diabetes in pregnancy. We are concerned with that message.

A symposium entitled “Metformin in Pregnancy–Is it Safe? Does it Work?” discussed metformin in pregnancy. Dr. Clifford Bailey reviewed cellular mechanisms of metformin …
Successful treatment of three cases of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy with extracorporeal photopheresis
Authors: M. Gilliet, A. Cozzio, G. Burg, F.O. Nestle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Successful treatment of three cases of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy with extracorporeal photopheresis Get access M. Gilliet, M. Gilliet Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Cozzio, A. Cozzio Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Burg, G. Burg Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.O. Nestle F.O. Nestle Department of Dermatology, Zurich University Hospital, Gloriastrasse 31, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland Frank O. Nestle MD. E‐mail: nestle@derm.unizh.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 3, 1 March 2005, Pages 531–536, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06434.x Published: 01 March 2005 Article history Accepted: 26 May 2004 Published: 01 March 2005
REDUCED BONE MASS PREDICTS IMPAIRED ARTERIAL ELASTICITY
Authors: Frank Edward Corrigan, Danny Eapen, Pankaj Manocha, Muhammad Hammadah, Hatem Al Kassem, Jennifer Vazquez, Lynn Cunningham, Irina Uphoff, Laurence Sperling, R. Wayne Alexander, Kenneth L. Brigham, Arshed Quyyumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Determinants of Hospital Admission and Case Fatality in Diabetic Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John S Yudkin, George A Oswald
Journal: Diabetes Care (1988)

We compare the clinical features and hospital outcomes in 83 diabetic patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction and 380 nondiabetic patients with levels of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) low enough to exclude undiagnosed diabetes. The hospital mortality was 42.2% in diabetic and 24.7% in nondiabetic patients, an odds ratio of 2.22 (Cl 1.37-3.60, P &amp;lt; .002). The excess mortality was due to cardiogenic shock and left ventricular failure (pump failure). There was no difference in peak levels of aspartate transaminase between the groups. Among the diabetic patients, the admission levels of plasma glucose and peak levels of aspartate transaminase were higher among those who developed pump failure or died, but there was no relationship between outcome and gender, disease duration, or treatment. Prior blood glucose control, as judged by levels of HbA1c, was not related to hospital outcome (P &amp;gt; .5). In a further study, the 83 diabetic patients were compared with 249 age- and sex-matched diabetic subjects without myocardial infarction for treatment, disease duration, and control. There was an increased risk of admission with myocardial infarction of 2.35 (Cl 1.41-3.92, P &amp;lt; .005) within the first 5 yr of diagnosis of diabetes. Infarct patients had significantly lower levels of HbA1c than control subjects (P &amp;lt; .005), but treatment did not differ between groups. Neither incidence nor case fatality of myocardial infarction in diabetic patients is positively associated with cumulative glycemic exposure.
Improved Control of Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus by Combined Halofenate and Chlorpropamide Therapy
Authors: E Alan Kohl, James A Magner, Scott T Persellin, George M Vaughan, David J Kudzma, Samuel J Friedberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

Combined halofenate-chlorpropamide was evaluated for the treatment of NIDDM. Four subjects treated with 500 mg/day chlorpropamide were given 500–1000 mg halofenate daily for 48 wk or longer. Fasting plasma glucose fell from 210 ± 16 (± SEM) (11.67 ± 0.89 mM) to 107 ± 10 mg/dl (± SEM) (5.94 ± 0.55 mM), P &amp;lt; 0.005. Twelve additional subjects were entered into a 16-wk double-blind study testing chlorpropamide plus either placebo or halofenate. In the halofenate group, the mean fasting glucose fell from 227 ± 27 (± SEM) (12.61 ± 1.50 mM) and reached 107 ± 19 mg/dl (± SEM) (5.94 ± 1.06 mM) during the fourth month, whereas the placebo groups showed a decrease from 242 ± 22 (± SEM) to 208 ± 29 mg/dl (± SEM) (P &amp;lt; 0.005). In addition, halofenate reduced the height of postprandial glycemic excursions by lowering fasting plasma glucose. When halofenate was used as the only therapy, reduction in fasting plasma glucose was small [179 ± 12 reduced to 142 ± 8 mg/dl (± SEM); 9.94 ± 0.67 mM and 7.89 ± 0.44 mM], P &amp;lt; 0.05.
Students' Attitudes about AIDS
Authors: Reuben Granich, Jonathan Mermin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 June 1991Students' Attitudes about AIDSReuben Granich, Jonathan MerminReuben GranichSearch for more papers by this author, Jonathan MerminSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-12-1066 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:There has been an increased interest in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic's effect on the nature of the practice of medicine. Recent research on house officers has shown that concern about possible job-related infection may influence choice of specialty and career objectives. In addition, Hayward and Shapiro (1) reported that 23% of residents in internal medicine or family practice in a national sample would not work in an area with a high prevalence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) for fear of contracting the virus. To learn about medical school's effect on the evolution of attitudes...Reference1. HaywardShapiro RM. A national study of AIDS and residency training: experiences, concerns, and consequences. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:23-32. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Reuben Granich; Jonathan MerminAffiliations: P.O. Box 11382 Stanford, CA 94309 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEvolución de los conocimientos y actitudes del personal de enfermería respecto de la infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)The Impact of Residency Training on Physicians' Outlook on AIDS: A Cohort Analysis"Misconceptions" about AIDSJ. Stephan Stapczynski, MD 15 June 1991Volume 114, Issue 12Page: 1066-1066KeywordsAIDSFearHIV ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 June 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
In Situ Generation of Tunable Porosity Gradients in Hydrogel‐Based Scaffolds for Microfluidic Cell Culture
Authors: Aswan Al‐Abboodi, Ricky Tjeung, Pauline M. Doran, Leslie Y. Yeo, James Friend, Peggy Pui Yik Chan
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Compared with preformed anisotropic matrices, an anisotropic matrix that allows users to alter its properties and structure in situ after synthesis offers the important advantage of being able to mimic dynamic in vivo microenvironments, such as in tissues undergoing morphogenesis or in wounds undergoing tissue repair. In this study, porous gradients are generated in situ in a hydrogel comprising enzymatically crosslinked gelatin hydroxyphenylpropionic acid (GTN–HPA) conjugate and carboxylmethyl cellulose tyramine (CMC–TYR) conjugate. The GTN–HPA component acts as the backbone of the hydrogel, while CMC–TYR acts as a biocompatible sacrificial polymer. The hydrogel is then used to immobilize HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells in a microfluidic chamber. After diffusion of a biocompatible cellulase enzyme through the hydrogel in a spatially controlled manner, selective digestion of the CMC component of the hydrogel by the cellulase gives rise to a porosity gradient in situ instead of requiring its formation during hydrogel synthesis as with other methods. The influence of this in situ tunable porosity gradient on the chemotactic response of cancer cells is subsequently studied both in the absence and presence of chemoattractant. This platform illustrates the potential of hydrogel‐based microfluidics to mimic the 3D in vivo microenvironment for tissue engineering and diagnostic applications.
Chemotherapy in Chronic Bronchitis: Report of the British Tuberculosis Association
Authors: R. S. Francis, C. C. Spicer
Journal: BMJ (1960)

ophthalmoscopic features progress throughout life, giving crude pigmentary reactions of the chorio-retinitis type and well-established optic atrophy.In one family the mode of inheritance was clearly dominant ; in the second family it was in all probability recessive.In the first family the two affected children in the third generation showed gross mental defect.In the second family only one of the four affected sibs showed a mental anomaly, and that slight.The brain and the eyes of the older of the two children in the first family came to necropsy.The brain showed no gross mxiacroscopic anomalies; the retina was disorganized beyond the possibility of recognizing individual layers.The brain is being subjected to a more detailed study.It is suggested that the blindness recorded here is determined by a failure of the retina to develop into a functioning tissue-aplasia of the retina-and that this undeveloped retina subsequently undergoes secondary degenerative changes.Attention is drawn to a possible parallel with the changes in the more fully developed retina seen in retinal dystrophy-a genetically deter- mined retinal degeneration-in some strains of mice, rats, and the Irish setter.It is point-d out that the findings in the second family recorded here conform to those described by Alstrbm and Olson in their study on 105 families in Sweden in whom they observed a recessively inherited congenital retinopathy, and to the cases more recently reported from Holland.