tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Conversion in mini-invasive colorectal surgery: The effect of timing on short term outcome
Authors: Damiano Caputo, Marco Caricato, Vincenzo La Vaccara, Gabriella Teresa Capolupo, Roberto Coppola
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2014)

Different results have been reported about postoperative outcomes of conversion during laparoscopic colorectal surgery. We aimed to detect the effect of conversion on postoperative outcome and to identify features associated to better outcome after conversion.Two hundred-fourteen mini-invasive left colonic and rectal resections were retrospectively analysed. Two groups were identified: mini-invasive colorectal surgery (MI) that includes both laparoscopic and robotic resections, and conversion to open surgery.Among 214 colorectal procedures, 189 were MI. Conversion rate was 11.7%. Operating time was shorter for MI at overall analysis (p 0.003) and sub-analysis of left colectomies (p 0.001). MI procedures had shorter hospital stay (p 0.000) both in left colectomy and rectal resection (p 0.008 and p 0.001 respectively). A shorter time to first flatus emission was detected in MI group in both overall analysis (p 0.003) and procedure's sub-analysis (left colectomy p 0.032; anterior rectal resection p 0.040). Oral feeding was resumed earlier after mini-invasive rectal resections (p 0.014). Converted procedures required more blood transfusions (p 0.000) and grade II complication rate was lower after MI procedures (p 0.013). Conversion presented higher anastomotic leakage and reoperation rates (p 0.035 and p 0.006 respectively). Conversion before 105 min (early conversion) had a significant lower number of blood transfusions (p 0.047).Conversion is associated to higher rate of blood transfusions, grade II complication and slower recovery. Earlier conversion has better outcomes. Colorectal surgeons should identify any critical aspects that could avoid late conversion allowing reducing negative effects of conversion.
Urography in Myelomatosis
Authors: M. T. Cwynarski, H. M. Saxton
Journal: BMJ (1969)

To investigate whether urographic contrast media might precipitate Bence Jones protein in the renal tubules and lead to renal failure in patients with myelomatosis, the reaction between the media and myeloma urine was studied in vitro. Appreciable precipitation was found only in urine at or below pH 4.5, and its occurrence did not correlate with the type or concentration of protein present. It is concluded that the risk of urography in myelomatosis is very small.
Vandetanib Versus Placebo in Patients With Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer After Prior Therapy With an Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor: A Randomized, Double-Blind Phase III Trial (ZEPHYR)
Authors: Jin Soo Lee, Vera Hirsh, Keunchil Park, Shukui Qin, Cesar R. Blajman, Reury-Perng Perng, Yuh-Min Chen, Laura Emerson, Peter Langmuir, Christian Manegold
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Purpose Vandetanib is a once-daily oral inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and RET signaling. This placebo-controlled trial assessed whether vandetanib conferred an overall survival benefit in patients with advanced non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after prior treatment with an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor and one or two chemotherapy regimens. Patients and Methods Eligible patients were randomly assigned 2:1 to receive vandetanib 300 mg/d or placebo until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary objective was to compare the outcomes between the two arms with respect to overall survival. Results Overall, 924 patients received vandetanib (n = 617) or placebo (n = 307). No significant increase in overall survival was detected in the vandetanib cohort compared with placebo (hazard ratio = 0.95; 95.2% CI, 0.81 to 1.11; P = .527); median overall survival was 8.5 months versus 7.8 months for vandetanib and placebo patients, respectively. Statistically significant advantages favoring vandetanib were observed for progression-free survival (hazard ratio = 0.63; P &lt; .001) and objective response rate (2.6% v 0.7%; P = .028). Postprogression therapy was balanced across the cohorts in both number and type. Adverse events were generally consistent with previous NSCLC studies of vandetanib 300 mg; common events occurring with a greater frequency in the vandetanib arm versus placebo included diarrhea (46% v 11%), rash (42% v 11%), and hypertension (26% v 3%). Conclusion The study did not demonstrate an overall survival benefit for vandetanib versus placebo. There was a higher incidence of some adverse events with vandetanib.
Regional Left Ventricular Performance in the Year following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: BOLLING J. FEILD, RICHARD O. RUSSELL, JOHN T. DOWLING, CHARLES E. RACKLEY
Journal: Circulation (1972)

The relationship of abnormal regional myocardial performance to left ventricular (LV) function 2-12 months following transmural myocardial infarction was investigated in 25 patients by quantitative biplane angiocardiography. Abnormally contracting segments (ACS) (akinetic or dyskinetic) of the LV were identified in 24 patients. Their sites correlated with the electrocardiographic locations of infarction. ACS were expressed as a percentage (ACS%) of the end-diastolic ventricular circumference, and the percentages obtained correlated with ejection fraction (EF) (r = —0.838, P = 0.0001) using a quadratic regression equation. The group of patients (N = 8) with heart failure (paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and/or ventricular gallop sound) demonstrated a significantly lower mean value for EF ( P = 0.0003) and a significantly larger mean value for ACS% ( P = 0.0041) than the group of patients (N = 16) without heart failure. EF sharply separated the two groups. ACS% was a poor separator because in the majority of patients in both groups it was between 14 and 38%. Since EF sharply separated the heart failure and non-heart failure groups but ACS% did not, a theoretic model was developed to assess the contribution of the remaining myocardium to LV function. The curve described by the model did not differ significantly from the curve derived from the quadratic regression equation. Data from heart failure and non-heart failure patients were generally separated by a point (EF = 0.30, ACS = 23%) on the theoretic curve. Abnormal function of the nonakinetic myocardium was considered to be present when observed EF was lower than predicted EF for the observed ACS%. Thus, within the year following transmural myocardial infarction, the relative size of an abnormally contracting region of the ventricle was quantitatively related to impairment of LV function. The spherical model not only provided a framework for relating the clinical status of a patient to both ventricular function and size of the ACS, but also offered a means of estimating the function of the myocardium that appeared angiographically to be nonakinetic.
Ultrasound in Evaluation of Pelvic Mass-Reply
Authors: Johan G. Blickman
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In Reply.—  We thank Dr Montgomery for his comments on our TOPICS IN RADIOLOGY report. It is well known that ultrasound has a definite place in the preoperative evaluation of a pelvic mass in the female patient. 1 Although relative accuracy is not adequate in itself, this modality will define the extent and often the origin of the pelvic mass, as may CT. This will aid the surgeon at the time of laparotomy with his choice of location for his incision, extent of resection, or, possibly, where a biopsy specimen can be taken. The question as to whether laparotomy will be performed is obviously not to be answered by this modality alone. The confusion may have been avoided had a reference to the ability of ultrasound in evaluating the extent and location been included. Purely serving educational and financial needs would, however, do ultrasonography an injustice.
Improvement of Dementia
Authors: Arthur C. Walsh
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I was greatly impressed by the interesting article entitled "The Impact of Dementia on the Family" by Rabins et al in<i>JAMA</i>(1982;248:333), which outlined the severe strain the families of senile patients undergo. It is important that physicians understand how much help they can give these families as pointed out by the authors. We have found this extremely important in our treatment of senility,<sup>1</sup>in which our main effort is toward improvement of the patient's condition; however, we have found that improving the family's condition frequently is a necessary step toward the goal of improving the patient's condition. I may take issue with their statement that some of the symptoms of dementia, eg, memory loss and communication disorders, are not reversible, because our studies, noted in the previously mentioned article and in some 15 other reports,<sup>2</sup>have shown that with the use of anticoagulant
Ovarian teratoma presenting as a pedunculated polyp at colonoscopy
Authors: H.-C. Park, S.-H. Park, W. Kim, J.-G. Park
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

A 41-year-old woman (gravida 2, para 2) was admitted to hospital with intermittent abdominal pain which she experienced during defecation. Her medical history was uneventful. Colonoscopy revealed a hyperemic, polypoid mass with a stalk, 15 cm from the anal verge (Figure [1]); computed tomography revealed a right ovarian mass that was continuous with the intraluminal lesion in the sigmoid colon. At surgery, a right ovarian mass was identified which was adhering to the sigmoid colon and to the pelvic peritoneum on the right side. Right salpingo-oophorectomy and an anterior resection with a colorectal anastomosis were performed. The resected specimen included a pedunculated polyp of the sigmoid colon, which was continuous with an ovarian mass (Figure [2]). The length of the polyp stalk was 1.8 cm. The pathological diagnosis was a benign mature cystic teratoma which had ruptured, leading to the formation of a colonic fistula, and which had subsequently protruded into the colonic lumen. The patient had no postoperative complications and was discharged from hospital 8 days after the operation.
Esophageal Bronchus in an Infant Diagnosed by Fortuitous Intubation of the Esophagus During Ventilation Imaging
Authors: RAYMOND E. KOHNE, MICHAEL S. McLEARY, GERALD A. KIRK, LIONEL W. YOUNG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

A 7-month-old infant girl born with a hypoplastic left lung and an ostium primum atrial septal defect presented with a history of cough. A plain chest radiograph showed a persistent opacified hypoplastic left lung. A ventilation perfusion scintigram performed at the 23rd day of life showed matched normal distribution of activity throughout the right lung with diffusely and markedly decreased activity of the left lung. A follow-up ventilation scintigram at 7 months completed through a nasal cannula showed activity in the esophagus, stomach, and a portion of the left lung with little activity within the previously normal right lung. After cephalad repositioning of the cannula, a second attempt at ventilation showed normal activity within the right lung and persistent markedly increased activity in a left thoracic structure. In this patient, it was fortuitous that the esophagus initially had been intubated showing a connection between the foregut and the hypoplastic left lung. A subsequent esophagram showed an esophageal bronchus.
Evaluation of a New Three-Dimensional Magnetic Imaging System for Use During Colonoscopy
Authors: K. Wehrmann, P. Frühmorgen
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Background and Study Aims: A prototype magnetic imaging system (Scope Guide, Olympus Optical Co., Ltd.) provides a new facility for continuous viewing on a monitor of the position of the colonoscope during examination, without exposing patients or medical staff to radiation. The aim of this prospective study was to compare this magnetic imaging system with routine colonoscopy, including fluoroscopy. The study parameters were the detection of loops, the location of the endoscope tip at defined positions, the insertion time, and the premedication rate. Materials and Methods: In the first part of the study, 133 consecutive patients were examined - 64 using an integrated three-dimensional colonoscope and 69 with the three-dimensional probe inserted into the biopsy channel of a routine video colonoscope. Fluoroscopy was used in all investigations for comparison at defined anatomical points and loops, and pathological findings and defined anatomic structures were documented using a laser printer both for three-dimensional colonoscopy and fluoroscopy. In the second part of the study, 25 further patients underwent colonoscopy with a modified prototype, now exclusively using the integrated three-dimensional colonoscope. Results: The total time for insertion and the premedication rate did not differ from those of routine colonoscopies with fluoroscopy available. Precise detection of loops was observed in the first study in 79 - 100 % of cases in comparison with fluoroscopy. Precise localization of the endoscopic tip improved from 30 % in the first part of the study to 80 % in part 2. Conclusion: Using magnetic three-dimensional imaging systems, the position of the colonoscope, the detection and observation of loops during straightening, and localization of pathological findings can be accurately achieved. Modification of the prototype led to satisfactory improvement in all parameters tested.
Pancreatic‐derived factor promotes lipogenesis in the mouse liver: Role of the Forkhead box 1 signaling pathway
Authors: Jing Li, Yujing Chi, Chunjiong Wang, Jing Wu, Hang Yang, Dongjuan Zhang, Yi Zhu, Nanping Wang, Jichun Yang, Youfei Guan
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Pancreatic-derived factor (PANDER) is a pancreatic islet-specific cytokine that cosecretes with insulin and is important for β cell function. Here, we show that PANDER is constitutively expressed in hepatocytes, and its expression is significantly increased in steatotic livers of diabetic insulin-resistant db/db mice and mice fed a high-fat diet. Overexpression of PANDER in the livers of C57Bl/6 mice promoted lipogenesis, with increased Forkhead box 1 (FOXO1) expression, whereas small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of hepatic PANDER significantly attenuated steatosis, with reduced FOXO1 expression in db/db mice. Hepatic PANDER silencing also attenuated insulin resistance and hyperglycemia in db/db mice. In cultured hepatocytes, PANDER overexpression induced lipid deposition, increased FOXO1 expression, and suppressed insulin-stimulated Akt activation and FOXO1 inactivation. Moreover, FOXO1 overexpression increased PANDER expression in cultured hepatocytes and mouse livers.PANDER promotes lipogenesis and compromises insulin signaling in the liver by increasing FOXO1 activity. PANDER may represent a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of fatty liver and insulin resistance.
Discrimination between immunoaccessory and phagocytic monocytes/macrophages of the skin in paraffin-embedded tissue by the monoclonal antibody Ki-M1P
Authors: W-H. BOEHNCKE, K.W.W. DORHAGE, D. HARMS, H.J. RADZUN, A. HAUSCHILD, W. STERRY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Discrimination between immunoaccessory and phagocytic monocytes/macrophages of the skin in paraffin‐embedded tissue by the monoclonal antibody Ki‐M1P Get access W‐H. BOEHNCKE, W‐H. BOEHNCKE Department of Dermatology. University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsherg 40, 7900 Ulm, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.W.W. DÖRHAGE, K.W.W. DÖRHAGE Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. HARMS, D. HARMS Department of Padiatric Pathology, University of Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.J. RADZUN, H.J. RADZUN Department of Pathology, University of Göuttingen, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. HAUSCHILD, A. HAUSCHILD Department of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. STERRY W. STERRY Department of Dermatology. University of Ulm, Oberer Eselsherg 40, 7900 Ulm, Germany Professor W. Sterry. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 2, 1 August 1993, Pages 124–130, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03513.x Published: 01 August 1993 Article history Accepted: 27 January 1993 Published: 01 August 1993
The rich man in his castle
Authors: P. Townsend
Journal: BMJ (1994)

At a time when there are vehement denunciations of its so called underclass Britain is in fact energetically restoring its overclass.*RF 1-3* The trend characteristic of most of the 20th century—of a slowly shrinking share of aggregate wealth commanded by the richest 5% and 10%—is now in reverse.1 4 5

This year has seen recurring reports of the swelling salaries and breathtaking pronouncements of rich people. Early this month Iain Vallance, the chairman of British Telecom, described his salary—which, with additions, is now in excess of pounds sterling750 000, as “modest.” By comparison with what is going on at the top of Britain's hierarchy in the 75 largest nonfinancial companies perhaps he was right: average salaries of senior executives now range between pounds sterling200 000 and pounds sterling505 000, and each executive may receive average annual bonuses of 15% to 20% of salary, substantial share options, “top hat” pensions, and redundancy payments going into six and seven figures.5

The cultural and structural changes of the past 20 years are fostering attitudes to wealth and to the responsibilities it brings that evoke memories of the early days of the industrial revolution—before the Protestant ethic had taken hold and the welfare state had been established. In those days charity was supposed to begin at home but was too grudging, small scale, and sporadic to do anything for widespread destitution. The experience of poverty at the turn of the century …
Indications for Psychotherapy in a Psychiatric Clinic Population
Authors: Astrid Heiberg
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1976)

A half-year survey was made on an in-patient clinic population as to a specific kind of short-term dynamic psychotherapy. The reliability and validity of the evaluations are discussed. It was found that a moderate accordance in evaluations could be found between the evaluators, with a high degree of reliability.
Consumption coagulopathy and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with an axillo-femoral graft.
Authors: T J Myers, D H Hild
Journal: Circulation (1977)

Consumption coagulopathy and microangiopathic hemolytic anemia occurred as a complication of insertion of an axillofemoral, preclotted dacron graft. Treatment with heparin followed by dipyridamole and aspirin normalized the hematologic and coagulation abnormalities over a two month period. The mechanism of consumption coagulopathy associated with prosthetic grafts is discussed and a possible role for treatment with antiplatelet agents is suggested.
1071-221 Prevalence of asymptomatic recurrences of atrial fibrillation after successful radiofrequency catheter ablation
Authors: Srikar Veerareddy, Hakan Oral, Eric Good, Burr Hall, Peter Cheung, Kristina Lemola, Jihn Han, Kamala Tamirisa, Aman Chugh, Frank Pelosi, Fred Morady
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Patents on breast cancer genes are illegal and stymie research, say scientists
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A US court is allowing a lawsuit to proceed against the US Patent Office and a biotechnology company regarding the legality of patents awarded for two breast cancer genes.

In a case that may have far reaching implications for patents on genes, the US federal district court judge Robert Sweet rejected a motion by the US Patent Office, Myriad Genetics, and the University of Utah Research Foundation to dismiss a suit brought by the Association for Molecular Pathology. The association charges that Myriad’s patents on the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are unconstitutional and violate laws against patenting “products of nature.” …
Interactions of rifamycin SV and rifampicin with organic anion uptake systems of human liver
Authors: Stephan R. Vavricka, Jessica Van Montfoort, Huy Riem Ha, Peter J. Meier, Karin Fattinger
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

The antibiotics rifamycin SV and rifampicin substantially reduce sulfobromophthalein (BSP) elimination in humans. In rats, rifamycin SV and rifampicin were shown to interfere with hepatic organic anion uptake by inhibition of the organic anion transporting polypeptides Oatp1 and Oatp2. Therefore, we investigated the effects of rifamycin SV and rifampicin on the OATPs of human liver and determined whether rifampicin is a substrate of 1 or several of these carriers. In complementary RNA (cRNA)-injected Xenopus laevis oocytes, rifamycin SV (10 μmol/L) cis -inhibited human organic anion transporting polypeptide C ( SLC21A6 ) (OATP-C), human organic anion transporting polypeptide 8 ( SLC21A8 ) (OATP8), human organic anion transporting polypeptide B ( SLC21A9 ) (OATP-B), and human organic anion transporting polypeptide A ( SLC21A3 ) (OATP-A) mediated BSP uptake by 69%, 79%, 89%, and 57%, respectively, as compared with uptake into control oocytes. In the presence of 100 μmol/L rifamycin SV, BSP uptake was almost completely abolished. Approximate Ki values were 2 μmol/L for OATP-C, 3 μmol/L for OATP8, 3 μmol/L for OATP-B and 11 μmol/L for OATP-A. Rifampicin (10 μmol/L) inhibited OATP8-mediated BSP uptake by 50%, whereas inhibition of OATP-C-, OATP-B-, and OATP-A-mediated BSP transport was below 15%. 100 μmol/L rifampicin inhibited OATP-C- and OATP8-, OATP-B- and OATP-A-mediated BSP uptake by 66%, 96%, 25%, and 49%, respectively. The corresponding Ki values were 17 μmol/L for OATP-C, 5 μmol/L for OATP8, and 51 μmol/L for OATP-A. Direct transport of rifampicin could be shown for OATP-C (apparent Km value 13 μmol/L) and OATP8 (2.3 μmol/L). In conclusion, these results show that rifamycin SV and rifampicin interact with OATP-mediated substrate transport to different extents. Inhibition of human liver OATPs can explain the previously observed effects of rifamycin SV and rifampicin on hepatic organic anion elimination.
Case 13-1973
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Charles F. Barlow, Edward P. Richardson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Presentation of CaseAn eight-year-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of unilateral exophthalmos.The child was the product of the second pregnancy of a 27-year-old mother, who was well except that she took thyroid hormone because of a thyroidectomy five years earlier for carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Labor was spontaneous at 44 weeks and was uncomplicated; the birth weight was 4.4 kg. The child walked at 11 months, and his speech developed normally. At the age of one year he fell from a porch into a rosebush, and the right upper eyelid was pierced by thorns; he . . .
An Introduction to Health: Policy, Planning and Financing
Authors: J. Connelly
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Brian Abel-Smith Longman Higher Education, pounds sterling30, pp 237 ISBN 0 582 23866 8

There is a paradox confronting biomedicine. Most informed opinion about health development relegates clinical practice to a marginal position. The engines of health development are better nutrition, education (especially of women), sanitation, fertility control, and decent housing—in short, adequate personal resources and greater equality. The paradox is that spending on clinical services in developed countries has soared in recent decades and, until recently, most developing countries have uncritically attempted to establish a …
IgA antibodies against β2 glycoprotein I in hemodialysis patients are an independent risk factor for mortality
Authors: Antonio Serrano, Florencio García, Manuel Serrano, Elisa Ramírez, F. Javier Alfaro, David Lora, Agustín Gómez de la Cámara, Estela Paz-Artal, Manuel Praga, Jose M. Morales
Journal: Kidney International (2012)