tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
F-18 FDG PET/CT Findings in Pulmonary Necrotizing Sarcoid Granulomatosis
Authors: Julia Arfi, Khaldoun Kerrou, Samba Traore, Virginie Huchet, Antoine Bolly, Martine Antoine, Luc Delaunois, Thierry Vander Borght, Jean-Noël Talbot
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis (NSG) is a rare systemic disease that was described by Liebow in 1973. Dyspnea and chest pain may be present, as in our first patient; however, 25% of patients are asymptomatic, as our second patient. The typical radiographic findings are nonspecific: single or multiple lung opacities, with common involvement of the pleura. To the best of our knowledge, fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET has only been reported in one case of NSG, which was atypical as it occurred in an adolescent. We report 2 cases, confirming that the lesions of NSG are FDG positive, showing a typical pattern of multiple bilateral lung nodules (imaged with PET/CT in 1 case). FDG imaging has a potential role when this distribution is observed on CT, to guide the surgical biopsy and show the actual extent of the disease.
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Survival
Authors: Lundy Braun, Jennifer Tsai, Laura Ucik
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of lovastatin on early carotid atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Progression Study (ACAPS) Research Group.
Authors: C D Furberg, H P Adams, W B Applegate, R P Byington, M A Espeland, T Hartwell, D B Hunninghake, D S Lefkowitz, J Probstfield, W A Riley
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (or statins), a new class of lipid-lowering compounds, have raised expectations for more widespread use than that of the older lipid-lowering drugs. Not only are they more effective in lowering LDL cholesterol, but they are better tolerated as well. No data exist concerning the effect of statins on early carotid atherosclerosis and clinical events in men and women who have moderately elevated LDL cholesterol levels but are free of symptomatic cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS Lovastatin (20 to 40 mg/d) or its placebo was evaluated in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial with factorial design along with warfarin (1 mg/d) or its placebo. This report is limited to the lovastatin component of the trial. Daily aspirin (81 mg/d) was recommended for everyone. Enrollment included 919 asymptomatic men and women, 40 to 79 years old, with early carotid atherosclerosis as defined by B-mode ultrasonography and LDL cholesterol between the 60th and 90th percentiles. The 3-year change in mean maximum intimal-medial thickness (IMT) in 12 walls of the carotid arteries was the primary outcome; change in single maximum IMT and incidence of major cardiovascular events were secondary outcomes. LDL cholesterol fell 28%, from 156.6 mg/dL at baseline to 113.1 mg/dL at 6 months (P &lt; .0001), in the lovastatin groups and was largely unchanged in the lovastatin-placebo groups. Among participants not on warfarin, regression of the mean maximum IMT was seen after 12 months in the lovastatin group compared with the placebo group; the 3-year difference was statistically significant (P = .001). A larger favorable effect of lovastatin was observed for the change in single maximum IMT but was not statistically significant (P = .12). Five lovastatin-treated participants suffered major cardiovascular events--coronary heart disease mortality, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or stroke--versus 14 in the lovastatin-placebo groups (P = .04). One lovastatin-treated participant died, compared with eight on lovastatin-placebo (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS In men and women with moderately elevated LDL cholesterol, lovastatin reverses progression of IMT in the carotid arteries and appears to reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events and mortality. Results from ongoing large-scale clinical trials may further establish the clinical benefit of statins.
Local adenovirus-mediated transfer of C-type natriuretic peptide suppresses vascular remodeling in porcine coronary arteries in vivo
Authors: Kunio Morishige, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Tohru Yamawaki, Kenji Miyata, Yasuhiro Eto, Tadashi Kandabashi, Kenji Yogo, Taiki Higo, Kensuke Egashira, Hikaru Ueno, Akira Takeshita
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
Sciatic Nerve Paralysis
Authors: Charles M. Mouton
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  My state of incredulity upon reading the report by Deverell and Ferguson of An Unusual Case of Sciatic Nerve Paralysis ( 205 :699, 1968) propelled me to search the literature. This was occasioned by the incidental reference to the administration of a tetanus toxoid booster one week prior to the onset of symptoms.  Edsall et al ( 202 :17, 1967) discussed at length many of the problems related to the use of this agent. Blumstein and Kreithen ( 198 :1030, 1966) reported what is believed to be the first recorded reaction of this type. J. L. Garvey ( Postgrad Med  13 :210, 1953) dealt extensively with the various aspects of this problem. R. A. Cooke ( JAMA  114 :1854, 1940) attempt to explain why such reactions occur.  It is my feeling that the case reported, might fall into one of these brackets. If this communication serves no more than to call attention
The major risk alleles of age related macular degeneration in CFH, do not play a major role in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: J. Shi, S. Bohringer, E. A. Stahl, S. Raychaudhuri, F. A. Kurreeman, J. J. Houwing-Duistermaat, T. W. Huizinga, R. E. Toes, L. A. Trouw
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background and objectives</h3> Activation of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement plays an important role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), an important eye disease in the older people. Next to histological data also genetic data support this contribution with especially genetic variants of the AP inhibitor complement factor H (CFH) contributing to this disease. Since activation of the AP of the complement system is an important aspect of AMD and has been implicated in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the authors wished to address the question whether the genetic risk factors of the AP inhibitor CFH for AMD would also be risk factors for RA. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> For this purpose the authors genotyped <i>CFH</i> single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a Dutch set of RA patients and controls. Likewise, a meta-analysis using a Spanish cohort of RA as well as six large genome-wide association studies was performed. For these SNPs the authors analysed over 6.000 patients and 20.000 controls. <h3>Results</h3> The <i>CFH</i> variants; I62V, Y402H, IVS1 and IVS10, that represent the highest risk alleles for AMD, did not show a significant association with the risk to develop RA despite a strong statistical power to detect such differences. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The major risk alleles of AMD in <i>CFH</i> do not have a similar effect on developing RA.
Abstract 1884: Epigenetic Control of the Constitutive Overexpression of Smad2 in Aneurysms of the Human Ascending Aorta
Authors: Delphine Gomez, Aurelie Coyet, Veronique Ollivier, Xavier Jeunemaitre, Guillaume Jondeau, Jean-Baptiste Michel, Roger Vranckx
Journal: Circulation (2009)
DISTRIBUTION OF SULFONAMIDE COMPOUNDS BETWEEN CELLS AND SERUM OF HUMAN BLOOD
Authors: Martin Heinemann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1943)

The distribution of sulfonamide compounds be- tween cells and serum of human blood was studied in vitro.The rate of transfer from serum to cells, and the effects of temperature and of atmosphere, were investigated.The distribution of these com- pounds between substrate and ultrafiltrate of serum was also observed. METHODSFreshly drawn blood from healthy human subjects was defibrinated by stirring with a glass rod.If hemolysis was avoided, concentrations in defibrinated and in oxalated whole blood were identical, as were concentrations in serum and in plasma.Cell concentrations were calculated from concentrations in whole blood and in plasma, and from measurements of cell volumes (1).Concentrations were expressed as mgm.per 100 cc. of water in cells and in serum, accepting, for the water of these two media, average figures (1) of 72.3 per cent and 93.5 per cent, respectively.Since sulfonamide compounds do not dissolve rapidly, their dissolution in serum must be ascertained before the latter is added to cells.By choice of suitably low concentrations, and by incubation at 370 C., this difficulty was overcome.
The Woman Patient, vol 2: Concepts of Femininity and the Life Cycle
Authors: Elissa P. Benedek
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<i>The Woman Patient</i>, volume 2,<i>Concepts of Femininity and the Life Cycle</i>, is part of a three-volume series on the woman patient, which also included<i>Sexual and Reproductive Aspects of Women's Health Care</i>(volume 1) and<i>Aggressions, Adaptations, and Psychotherapy</i>(volume 3). This series is part of yet a larger series,<i>Women in Context: Development and Stresses</i>. It is critical to know that volume 2,<i>Concepts of Femininity and the Life Cycle</i>, is part of a larger series, or one will be mildly disappointed that important content has not been covered. However, once alerted to the fact that this edited, 200-page manuscript is part of a series of six, one's reaction should change from disappointment to eager anticipation. The editors suggest that "this volume presents an overview of the theoretical and clinical perspectives that have evolved over the last 20 years in the psychology of women and applies these ideas
Migration Kinetics and Final Destination of Type 1 and Type 2 CD8 Effector Cells Predict Protection against Pulmonary Virus Infection
Authors: Adelheid Cerwenka, Tammy M. Morgan, Allen G. Harmsen, Richard W. Dutton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

The requirements for CD8 T cells to provide protection against a localized virus infection in models of adoptive immunotherapy are not well defined. Here we investigated the protective value of defined in vitro–generated hemagglutinin (HA) peptide-specific primary CD8 T cell effectors from the clone 4 T cell receptor transgenic mice, secreting type 1 or type 2 cytokines, against pulmonary infection with whole influenza virus. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes producing type 1 and type 2 cytokine (Tc1 and Tc2) populations were equally cytolytic, but Tc1 effectors and not Tc2 effectors reduced the pulmonary virus titer early during infection. Host recovery mediated by Tc1 effectors was found to be independent of interferon γ production. Tc2 effectors entered the lung with delayed kinetics as compared with Tc1 effectors, and after lung entry Tc2 effector cells did not localize near the infected airway epithelium as did Tc1 effectors but were found within clusters of inflammatory cells distant from the epithelium. We also show that the expression of several chemokine receptors was selectively regulated in the Tc1 and Tc2 subsets. Thus, the protective value of a CD8 cell population against pulmonary influenza virus infection is strongly correlated with its ability to exert its effector potential at the site of virus infection.
153. Adenoviral Gene Therapy Vectors Expressing the Adenovirus Death Protein Demonstrate Increased Transgene Expression In Vivo as Demonstrated by Dose-Volume Histogram Analysis of Reporter Gene Activity
Authors: Kenneth N. Barton, Stephen L. Brown, Jae Ho Kim, Hans Stricker, Kastytis Karvelis, Mei Lu, Svend O. Freytag
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

A current limitation of cancer gene therapy is the lack of significant efficacy in the clinic. To improve the effectiveness of adenovirus-delivered gene therapy for the treatment of cancer, we have evaluated various methods to increase transgene expression in vivo. One such method was to co-express the adenoviral death protein (ADP) in a replication-competent adenovirus (Ad5-hNISrep-ADP) also expressing the human sodium iodide symporter (hNIS) as a reporter gene. The ADP gene product has been shown by others to increase cell lysis and adenovirus spread in vitro. The hNIS gene product enables adenovirus-infected cells to uptake the radioactive tracer, 99mpertechnetate (99mTcO4-), which can be imaged non-invasively using gamma camera scintigraphy, and the volume of transgene expression can be quantified in thin tissue sections using dose-volume histogram (DVH) analysis. To study the possible effect of ADP on transgene expression in vivo, the volume of transgene expression was compared following direct injection of replication-competent adenoviruses lacking (Ad5-hNISrep) or containing (Ad5-hNISrep-ADP) ADP into contralateral lobes of the na|[iuml]|ve canine prostate and into human tumor xenografts implanted bilaterally in the hind legs of Balb/c mice. Following injection of 1|[times]|1011 vp (0.1 ml) in the canine prostate, the volume of hNIS-dependent uptake of 99mTcO4- with Ad5-hNISrep-ADP was on average 3-fold greater than with Ad5-hNISrep (5.0%|[plusmn]|1.3% vs. 1.5%|[plusmn]|0.5% of the prostate volume, respectively; n=3). Similarly, following injection of 1|[times]|1010 vp (0.05 ml) in human tumor xenografts (150 mm3), the extent of hNIS activity as a percentage of the tumor volume was 16.2%|[plusmn]|9.5% for Ad5-hNISrep-ADP versus 5.8%|[plusmn]|2.5% for Ad5-hNISrep (n=6), representing a 2.3-fold increase in transgene expression when ADP was present. These results indicate that inclusion of ADP in adenoviral gene therapy vectors can significantly improve the volume of transgene expression in vivo, which may translate into improved therapeutic efficacy when used in a clinical setting.
Comparison of patient questionnaire, medical record, and audio tape in assessment of health promotion in general practice consultations
Authors: A. Wilson, P. McDonald
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To determine what proportion of health promotion activities reported by the patient is recorded in the general practice notes and to compare these methods of assessing health promotion with audio tape analysis. <b>Design</b>: Secondary analysis of data obtained in a controlled trial of differing appointment lengths. After each consultation the medical record was examined and the patient invited to completed a questionnaire. A subsample of consultations was audio taped. <b>Setting</b>: Nottinghamshire. Subjects—16 general practitioners from 10 practices. This report includes 3324 consultations with patients aged &gt;/=17, with data on measurement of blood pressure and advice about smoking and alcohol. <b>Results</b>: Data from questionnaire and medical notes were available for 2281 consultations. Advice on smoking was recorded in the notes in 30.9% of cases in which a patient reported it (for alcohol and measurement of blood pressure, 44.4% and 82.7% of cases respectively). In 516 cases analysis of audio tape and review of records was performed. Advice on smoking was recorded in the patient9s notes in 28.6% of cases in which it was detected on audio tape (for alcohol, 31.1% of cases). In 335 consultations data from audio tape and questionnaire were available. Advice on smoking was reported by patients in 73.9% of cases in which it was detected on audio tape (for alcohol, 75.0% of cases). <b>Conclusions</b>: Review of the medical record is a reasonably accurate method of assessing measureent of blood pressure in the consultation but would lead to significant underestimation of advice about smoking and alcohol.
The Role of Irradiation of the Internal Mammary Lymph Nodes in High-Risk Stage II to IIIA Breast Cancer Patients After High-Dose Chemotherapy: A Prospective Sequential Nonrandomized Study
Authors: Salomon M. Stemmer, Shulamith Rizel, Izhar Hardan, Adamous Adamo, Avivit Neumann, Jana Goffman, Harold J. Brenner, M. Raphael Pfeffer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

This phase II single-institution prospective, nonrandomized trial investigates high-dose adjuvant chemotherapy and locoregional radiotherapy in patients with breast cancer. We compared the outcome of patients in this study treated with radiotherapy fields including the internal mammary nodes (IMN) to a group of patients who did not receive IMN irradiation.100 patients with high-risk stage II-III breast cancer received doxorubicin-based adjuvant chemotherapy followed by high-dose chemotherapy, stem-cell support, and locoregional radiotherapy. The radiotherapy included electron-beam irradiation to the IMN. For 20 months during the study, no electron-beam facility was available and we were unable to deliver the IMN irradiation as planned to 33 patients. The remaining 67 patients (32 treated before and 35 treated after this period) received IMN irradiation. Patients with receptor-positive tumors received tamoxifen for 5 years.At a median follow-up of 77 months for all of the patients, disease-free survival (DFS) was significantly prolonged in patients receiving IMN radiation compared to those without IMN radiation (73% v 52%; P =.02). A trend was seen for overall survival (OS; 78% v 64%; P =.08). Cox regression multivariate analysis found IMN radiotherapy to be significant both for DFS and OS. Estrogen receptor positivity was also significant for DFS. There was no treatment related mortality.In patients with high-risk stage II to III breast cancer, the inclusion of the IMN in the radiotherapy field was associated with a statistically significant increase in DFS and a borderline increase in OS.
Modification of murine T-cell cytotoxicity by preimmunization with M locus and H-2 incompatibilities.
Authors: A Matossian-Rogers, H Festenstein
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1976)

The effect of preimmunization of CBA/H mice with M locus and H-2 incompatible lymphocytes was examined on the in vitro generation of cytotoxic cells to both types of targets. Preimmunization with M locus did not help to generate cytotoxic cells to M-locus targets; however, the anti-H-2 cytotoxicity of M-locus-preimmunized lymphocytes was suppressed between the 6th and 19th day after preimmunization. In contrast, preimmunization with H-2 incompatibility produced an amplified lytic anti-H-2 response. The possible mechanisms are discussed.
Commentaries on this month's Cardiovascular Controversy: the merits and demerits of animal experimentation From D B Morton
Authors: D B Morton
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Commentaries on this month's Cardiovascular Controversy: the merits and demerits of animal experimentation From D B Morton Get access D B Morton D B Morton Department of Biomedical Science and Biomedical Ethics, The Medical School, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 7, July 1994, Pages 1112–1113, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.7.1112 Published: 01 July 1994
Abstract CS01-2: The role of radiation in the treatment of the axilla in the setting of neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: B Fowble
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract There is considerable controversy regarding the appropriate surgical procedure and its timing for evaluating the status of the axillary nodes in the neoadjuvant setting. Sentinel lymph node (SLN) surgery following initial chemotherapy avoids an axillary dissection and its associated morbidity in clinical N0 patients who have pathologic negative SLN. SLN identification and false negative rates (FNR) have been acceptable in these women and axillary recurrence rates without radiation directed to the axilla are £1%. For clinical N1 disease, 2 recent studies (SENTINA, ACOSOG 1071) reported SLN identification rates of 80% and 91%, FNR of 12.8 and 14% and ypN0 rates of 52% and 40% respectively. The SLN was the only positive node(s) in 58% and 40% of the ypN1 patients. Several studies have evaluated the role of regional node (RN) irradiation in clinical N1 patients who are ypN0 following neoadjuvant chemotherapy and have found no improvement in local-regional disease free survival. RN failure rates are low as reported by the NSABP B18 and 27 trials in the absence of post mastectomy radiation or with breast only radiation. The question of RN radiation is being addressed by an NRG (NSABP-RTOG) randomized trial. For women with clinical N1 disease who remain ypN1, axillary radiation may substitute for axillary dissection. Axillary radiation has been shown in randomized trials to be equivalent to axillary dissection in the adjuvant setting for clinical N0 women (NSABP B04) including those with positive SLN (Dutch Mirror, IBCSG 23-01, AMAROS). The Alliance trial will address this question. The potential advantage of neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the ability to adjust surgical and radiation treatment based on pathologic response and thereby minimize the morbidity of combined therapy. Various clinical scenarios will be presented with treatment options. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr CS01-2.
Injury to peribiliary glands and vascular plexus before liver transplantation predicts formation of non-anastomotic biliary strictures
Authors: Sanna op den Dries, Andrie C. Westerkamp, Negin Karimian, Annette S.H. Gouw, Bote G. Bruinsma, James F. Markmann, Ton Lisman, Heidi Yeh, Korkut Uygun, Paulo N. Martins, Robert J. Porte
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)