tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intramural Hemorrhage of the Thoracic Aorta
Authors: Christoph A. Nienaber, Yskert von Kodolitsch, Ben Petersen, Roger Loose, Udo Helmchen, Axel Haverich, Rolf P. Spielmann
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Intramural hemorrhage (IMH) was recently identified at necropsy and anecdotally in vivo as a unique aortic syndrome (without entry and with no flap-like intraluminal component, such as overt aortic dissection). However, little is known about diagnosis, prognosis, and outcome of IMH.Between 1983 and 1993, 360 patients from two medical centers with clinical indications of aortic dissection were prospectively evaluated; they presented to the emergency department a median of 3.5 hours after onset of back or chest pain or other suggestive symptoms. Among 195 patients with aortic syndromes, 25 patients (12.8%) were diagnosed to have IMH of the thoracic aorta with no evidence of a primary intimal tear, flap, or overt dissection by multiple noninvasive imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (n = 12), contrast-enhanced computed tomography (n = 14), and transesophageal echocardiography (n = 3) in random order. There were 16 men and 9 women with a median age of 56 +/- 13 years (range, 15 to 80 years). Arterial hypertension was present in the majority (84%), and Marfan's syndrome was present in 3 patients (12%). IMH was diagnosed within 4 days of hospital admission (median, 2.5 hours). IMH involved the ascending aorta (type A) in 12 cases (48%), the aortic arch in 2 (8%), and the descending aorta (type B) in 11 cases (44%); imaging results were validated by crossmatching with intraoperative, pathomorphological, and/or angiographic findings. IMH was 8.5 +/- 5 cm in length and 2.0 +/- 1.2 cm in aortic wall thickness. Aortic regurgitation and pericardial and mediastinal effusion were present in 5 of 12 patients (42%) with type A IMH and 2 of 11 patients (18%) with type B IMH. IMH progression to overt dissection, rupture, and/or acute tamponade occurred in 8 of 25 patients (32%) within 24 to 72 hours, indicating the need for urgent intervention. The 30-day mortality rate of IMH afflicting the ascending aorta was 80% (4 of 5 cases) with medical treatment (sedation and blood pressure control) versus no mortality in 7 cases with early surgical repair (P < .01); after 1 year, 71.4% of surgically treated patients were alive versus 20% in the medical group (P < .05). IMH of the aortic arch resulted in an early mortality of 50% (1 of 2 patients) with medical treatment. In IMH confined to the descending thoracic aorta, survival with medical treatment was not different from surgical therapy; there was 1 early death among 6 patients with medical therapy and none out of 5 patients with surgery (P = NS). At 1-year follow-up, medical and surgical therapy groups had survival rates of 80% and 83%, respectively (P = NS).IMH is associated with a clinical profile and prognosis similar to classic dissection and may be considered an ominous precursor of overt aortic dissection. Tomographic noninvasive imaging ensures rapid, nontraumatic diagnosis of IMH. The outcome of IMH of the ascending aorta appears favorable only with immediate surgical repair.
Four Cases in which the Murphy Button was Used
Authors: G. P. Newbolt
Journal: BMJ (1901)

cavity was waslhed out with hot water and some iodoforimi cmiulsion injected into it.A large rubber drain was inserted.Immediately after the operation the temperature, whlicll lhad been 103.80, fell to normal, anld the patient rapidly became convalescent.She was discharged oni December 27tll.On the fourth day after operation thc left clhest was aspirated and lhalf a pint of serum evacuated.At the time of discharge the lheart had regained its natural positioin, alid air was freely entering thlC base of the left lung.
Endothelial-Vasoprotective Effects of High-Density Lipoprotein Are Impaired in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus but Are Improved After Extended-Release Niacin Therapy
Authors: Sajoscha A. Sorrentino, Christian Besler, Lucia Rohrer, Martin Meyer, Kathrin Heinrich, Ferdinand H. Bahlmann, Maja Mueller, Tibor Horváth, Carola Doerries, Mariko Heinemann, Stella Flemmer, Andrea Markowski, Costantina Manes, Matthias J. Bahr, Hermann Haller, Arnold von Eckardstein, Helmut Drexler, Ulf Landmesser
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— High-density lipoprotein (HDL)–raising therapies are currently under intense evaluation, but the effects of HDL may be highly heterogeneous. We therefore compared the endothelial effects of HDL from healthy subjects and from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and low HDL (meeting the criteria for metabolic syndrome), who are frequently considered for HDL-raising therapies. Moreover, in diabetic patients, we examined the impact of extended-release (ER) niacin therapy on the endothelial effects of HDL. Methods and Results— HDL was isolated from healthy subjects (n=10) and patients with type 2 diabetes (n=33) by sequential ultracentrifugation. Effects of HDL on endothelial nitric oxide and superoxide production were characterized by electron spin resonance spectroscopy analysis. Effects of HDL on endothelium-dependent vasodilation and early endothelial progenitor cell–mediated endothelial repair were examined. Patients with diabetes were randomized to a 3-month therapy with ER niacin (1500 mg/d) or placebo, and endothelial effects of HDL were characterized. HDL from healthy subjects stimulated endothelial nitric oxide production, reduced endothelial oxidant stress, and improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation and early endothelial progenitor cell–mediated endothelial repair. In contrast, these beneficial endothelial effects of HDL were not observed in HDL from diabetic patients, which suggests markedly impaired endothelial-protective properties of HDL. ER niacin therapy improved the capacity of HDL to stimulate endothelial nitric oxide, to reduce superoxide production, and to promote endothelial progenitor cell–mediated endothelial repair. Further measurements suggested increased lipid oxidation of HDL in diabetic patients, and a reduction after ER niacin therapy. Conclusions— HDL from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome has substantially impaired endothelial-protective effects compared with HDL from healthy subjects. ER niacin therapy not only increases HDL plasma levels but markedly improves endothelial-protective functions of HDL in these patients, which is potentially more important. Clinical Trial Registration— clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier: NCT00346970.
More flexible commissioning will improve provision of rehabilitation services, says expert group
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

More flexible arrangements are needed to ensure that patients at risk of long term disability receive the packages of medical rehabilitation services that can optimise their recovery, a UK report has recommended.

An expert group from the Royal College of Physicians and the British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine, including health professionals and patients, reviewed evidence on rehabilitation services.

On the basis of their findings they have revised the definitions of rehabilitation medicine in line with current practice and expected technological advances. Rehabilitation and disability management are seen as two …
Inability to Predict Relapse in Acute Asthma
Authors: Robert M. Centor, Barry Yarbrough, Judy P. Wood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

FISCHL and co-workers developed an index that they claimed would predict relapse in patients with asthma.1 The index had a 95 per cent sensitivity and a 97 per cent specificity when applied to a sample of emergency room patients discharged or hospitalized within 12 hours. The authors enumerated the advantages of this index, including cost-effectiveness and a shorter period of emergency care before hospitalization. Other investigators have reported that the index is both accurate2 and useful.3 Before this or any other index gains universal acceptance, we should demonstrate that the predictions are valid in a variety of settings.4 , 5 This validation . . .
Pancreatic Cancers Epigenetically Silence <i>SIP1</i> and Hypomethylate and Overexpress <i>miR-200a/200b</i> in Association with Elevated Circulating <i>miR-200a</i> and <i>miR-200b</i> Levels
Authors: Ang Li, Noriyuki Omura, Seung-Mo Hong, Audrey Vincent, Kimberly Walter, Margaret Griffith, Michael Borges, Michael Goggins
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Aberrant DNA methylation and microRNA expression play important roles in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer. While interrogating differentially methylated CpG islands in pancreatic cancer, we identified two members of miR-200 family, miR-200a and miR-200b, that were hypomethylated and overexpressed in pancreatic cancer. We also identified prevalent hypermethylation and silencing of one of their downstream targets, SIP1 (ZFHX1B, ZEB2), whose protein product suppresses E-cadherin expression and contributes to epithelial mesenchymal transition. In a panel of 23 pancreatic cell lines, we observed a reciprocal correlation between miR-200, SIP1, and E-cadherin expression, with pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts showing the opposite expression pattern to most pancreatic cancers. In Panc-1 cells, which express SIP1, have low E-cadherin expression, and do not express miR-200a or miR-200b, treatment with miR-200a and miR-200b downregulated SIP1 mRNA and increased E-cadherin expression. However, most pancreatic cancers express miR-200a and miR-200b, but this expression does not affect SIP1 expression, as the SIP1 promoter is silenced by hypermethylation and in these cancers E-cadherin is generally expressed. Both miR-200a and miR-200b were significantly elevated in the sera of pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis patients compared with healthy controls (P < 0.0001), yielding receiver operating characteristic curve areas of 0.861 and 0.85, respectively. In conclusion, most pancreatic cancers display hypomethylation and overexpression of miR-200a and miR-200b, silencing of SIP1 by promoter methylation, and retention of E-cadherin expression. The elevated serum levels of miR-200a and miR-200b in most patients with pancreatic cancer could have diagnostic utility.
Enzalutamide in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Progressing After Docetaxel and Abiraterone
Authors: Andres Jan Schrader, Martin Boegemann, Carsten-H. Ohlmann, Thomas J. Schnoeller, Laura-Maria Krabbe, Turkan Hajili, Florian Jentzmik, Michael Stoeckle, Mark Schrader, Edwin Herrmann, Marcus V. Cronauer
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Mechanisms Concerned With Conception: Proceedings of a Symposium Prepared Under the Auspices of the Population Council and the Planned Parenthood Federation of America
Authors: Nathan Kase
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Conservative estimates of future world population, based on yearly increments at current rates, project figures which are truly alarming. One such report foresees a world population of 150 billion within two centuries. A solution must be sought and applied quickly, yet haste must be tempered by considerations of acceptability, applicability, and safety. These limitations require assessment by socioeconomic, political, religious, and anthropological standards as well as biological adequacy. Nevertheless, whatever solutions do evolve will almost certainly be concerned with the mechanisms of conception. A symposium was convened in 1959 to assemble available data into a common framework linking the interdependent phenomena involved in the physiology of conception. This book, based on the papers given there but revised and updated, is more than a simple record of proceedings; it becomes one of two basic texts now available in this field. The organization of the material is straightforward. The original conference was
High dose cisplatin compared with high dose cyclophosphamide in the management of advanced epithelial ovarian cancer (FIGO stages III and IV): report from the North Thames Cooperative Group.
Authors: H E Lambert, R J Berry
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A randomised study comparing cisplatin 120 mg intravenously with cyclophosphamide 2 g intravenously, each drug being given every month for six months followed by a low dose regimen for a further six months in responding patients, was carried out in 86 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian carcinoma (FIGO stages III and IV). Patients given cisplatin were found to have a longer median survival time than those given cyclophosphamide (19 months compared with 12 months) and a longer median duration of complete clinical response (18 months compared with eight months). The difference in disease free survival was statistically significant even after factors such as age, stage of disease, and the completeness of initial surgery had been taken into account. This study suggests that cisplatin is a more effective chemotherapeutic agent than cyclophosphamide for advanced ovarian cancer and should be the agent of choice in future trials comparing combination chemotherapy with a single agent.
Effect of Clopidogrel on Arteriovenous Fistulas for Dialysis
Authors: Dirk M. Hentschel
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Initiating End-of-Life Discussions With Seriously Ill Patients
Authors: Steven Z. Pantilat
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Colorado State Medical Society.
Authors: J. N. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1894)

Denver, Colo., May 11,1894. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —As notice has, by some misunderstanding, appeared in theJournal, that the Colorado State Medical Society would entertain the delegates to theAmerican Medical Associationon their way to San Francisco on May 30, it is to be regretted that, the State Society not being in session at that time, and no committee having power to take any such action, the Society will be unable to give any such entertainment. Members and officers of the Society residing in Denver will, however, be glad to meet members of theAmerican Medical Associationas they pass through Colorado, and the latter are again cordially invited to become the guests of the Colorado State Society during its session, June 19 to 21, on their return from the Coast. Yours very truly,
Mortality and Reoperation after Open and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Noralou P. Roos, John E. Wennberg, David J. Malenka, Elliott S. Fisher, Klim McPherson, Tavs Folmer Andersen, Marsha M. Cohen, Ernest Ramsey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

As part of an ongoing effort to evaluate alternative treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia, we compared the outcomes of transurethral resection of the prostate with those of open prostatectomy. Men undergoing prostatectomy in Denmark (n = 36,703), Oxfordshire, England (n = 5284), and Manitoba, Canada (n = 12,090), were identified retrospectively through administrative data and followed for up to eight years. The cumulative percentage of patients undergoing a second prostatectomy was substantially higher after transurethral than after open prostatectomy (12.0 vs. 4.5 percent in Denmark, 12.0 vs. 1.8 percent in Oxfordshire, and 15.5 vs. 4.2 percent in Manitoba). The long-term age-specific mortality rates associated with transurethral prostatectomy as compared with open prostatectomy were also elevated in each country. The data on 1650 Canadian patients were used to investigate the contribution of coexisting morbid conditions to the elevated risk of death. The relative risk was 1.45 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.15 to 1.83) before risk adjustment and 1.45 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.15 to 1.84) after adjustment; the higher mortality was seen among low-risk as well as high-risk patients. These findings suggest that transurethral prostatectomy is less effective in overcoming urinary obstruction than the open operation. Our data also raise the possibility that transurethral prostatectomy may result in higher long-term mortality, although we cannot rule out potential confounding effects of unmeasured characteristics of patients.
INTRASPINOUS INFECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Paul F. Clark, Harold L. Amoss
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1914)

By intraspinous injections of specimens of poliomyelitic virus of suitable virulence infection can be caused regularly in Macacus rhesus monkeys. The virus passes from the subarachnoid spaces into the nervous tissues in which it multiplies, and into the blood. The constant involvement of the pia-arachnoid membranes in poliomyelitis, even when no paralysis occurs, and the fact that infection can readily be produced by intraspinous inoculation suggests anew that in the pathogenesis of poliomyelitis the interstitial tissue changes within the meninges, blood vessels, and ground substance play a determining part. While the virus injected into the subarachnoid spaces can be demonstrated there by inoculation tests forty-eight hours after the injection it can no longer be detected on the sixth day, at a time when the first symptoms of infection make their appearance. The failure of the cerebrospinal fluid from human and experimental cases of poliomyelitis to produce the disease when inoculated into monkeys is due to the fact that the virus is either fixed by the nervous tissues or passes into the blood.
SUPERINFECTION IN EXPERIMENTAL SYPHILIS FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF SUBCURATIVE DOSES OF ARSPHENAMINE OR NEOARSPHENAMINE
Authors: Wade H. Brown, Louise Pearce
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

Experiments were carried out on rabbits for the purpose of determining the effects of subcurative doses of arsphenamine and of neo-arsphenamine upon the resistance of infected animals to reinoculation with Treponema pallidum and hence the possibilities of the occurrence of a second infection in treated but uncured cases of infection. All the animals used were inoculated with the same virus, and the experimental tests were carried out when the first cycle of testicular reaction was nearing its height. The animals with the most marked testicular lesions were used for the basic experiment of treatment and reinoculation. The results of this experiment were controlled from four different standpoints: (1) the effect of the treatment employed upon the existing infection; (2) the immunity present at the time of treatment; (3) the virulence of the organisms used for reinoculation as compared with those causing the existing infection; (4) the comparative susceptibility of normal animals to the virus used for reinoculation. The results obtained showed (1) that the treatment employed was insufficient to cure any of the therapeutic controls; (2) that the infected controls were highly refractory to a second inoculation; (3) that the treated animals were highly susceptible to a second inoculation and although not cured of their original infection, reacted to the second inoculation with the formation of lesions indistinguishable from those of a first infection; (4) that in certain instances the treatment given had rendered infected animals more susceptible to infection than the normal controls.
German doctor is investigated for killing 76 patients with morphine
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2003)

A 53 year old doctor who treated her patients at the private Paracelsus Hospital Silbersee in Langenhagen, near Hanover, is being investigated for the possible murder of 76 cancer patients with morphine since 2001.

Suspicions were raised when health insurance companies monitoring patients' files for the past two years found extremely high costs and dosages of morphine without evidence of severe pain and suffering among the patients.

It is …
Occupational allergy in saffron workers
Authors: F. Feo, J. Martinez, A. Martinez, P. A. Galindo, A. Cruz, R. Garcia, F. Guerra, R. Palacios
Journal: Allergy (1997)

Sensitization to the flower of saffron, a plant commonly grown in Spain for commercial purposes, and its clinical significance as an occupational allergen were studied. The prick test and RAST, with saffron pollen, stamen, and pistil extracts, were used to evaluate the cutaneous and specific antibody responses in the studied population. Provocation tests in patients with clinical findings were used to verify the implication of saffron components in these symptoms. Fifty saffron workers were evaluated. Three of them were sensitized to saffron pollen and stamen proteins, giving prick and RAST positive values. One patient presented asthma, showing a positive bronchial provocation test, and two patients rhinoconjunctivitis, showing positive conjunctival provocation tests. Of a general allergic population of 237, 10 patients also presented cutaneous test and IgE positive to saffron. Saffron allergens (from pollen and stamens) were characterized by SDS‐PAGE immunoblotting. A relevant allergen of 15.5 kDa with profilinic nature was detected and further purified by high‐resolution gel filtration chromatography. No allergenic components were demonstrated in pistils. Cross‐reactivity of saffron extracts was evaluated by RAST inhibition with respect to other pollen species commonly causing sensitization in the same area of study. A significant degree of cross‐reactivity was demonstrated between saffron and Lolium, Salsola, or Olea. The identification of the protein components involved in the cross‐reactions was investigated by blot inhibition.