tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Associations of Maternal Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain With Adult Offspring Cardiometabolic Risk Factors
Authors: Hagit Hochner, Yechiel Friedlander, Ronit Calderon-Margalit, Vardiella Meiner, Yael Sagy, Meytal Avgil-Tsadok, Ayala Burger, Bella Savitsky, David S. Siscovick, Orly Manor
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Accumulating evidence demonstrates that both maternal prepregnancy body mass index (mppBMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) are associated with adult offspring adiposity. However, whether these maternal attributes are related to other cardiometabolic risk factors in adulthood has not been comprehensively studied. Methods and Results— We used a birth cohort of 1400 young adults born in Jerusalem who had extensive archival data and clinical information at 32 years of age to prospectively examine the associations of mppBMI and GWG with adiposity and related cardiometabolic outcomes. Greater mppBMI, independently of GWG and confounders, was significantly associated with higher offspring BMI, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressures, insulin, and triglycerides and with lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. For example, the effect sizes were translated to nearly 5 kg/m 2 higher mean BMI, 8.4 cm higher waist circumference, 0.13 mmol/L (11.4 mg/dL) higher triglycerides, and 0.10 mmol/L (3.8 mg/dL) lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol among offspring of mothers within the upper mppBMI quartile (mppBMI &gt;26.4 kg/m 2 ) compared with the lower quartile (mppBMI &lt;21.0 kg/m 2 ). GWG, independently of mppBMI, was positively associated with offspring adiposity; differences of 1.6 kg/m 2 in BMI and 2.4 cm in waist were observed when offspring of mothers in the upper (GWG &gt;14 kg) and lower (GWG &lt;9 kg) quartiles of GWG were compared. Further adjustment for offspring adiposity attenuated the observed associations to the null. Conclusions— Maternal size both before and during pregnancy is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in young adult offspring. The associations appear to be driven mainly by offspring adiposity. Future studies that explore mechanisms underlying the intergenerational cycle of obesity are warranted to identify potentially novel targets for cardiometabolic risk-reduction interventions.
Heat Intolerance in Former Heatstroke Patients
Authors: YAIR SHAPIRO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Nine young men who had suffered from heatstroke on previous occasions (heat-intolerant subjects) and 10 young volunteers (control subjects) were examined to determine their physiologic responses to exercise in temperate (23 °C) and hot environments (40 °C). The tests included an orthostatic test, work loads of 40 W and 80 W, and oxygen consumption (Vo2) determination. Although all the control subjects completed the exercise under severe heat load (3 h), none of the heat-intolerant subjects succeeded in completing this test due to high rectal temperatures and high heart rates. Sweat rates were similar in both groups, with Vo2 slightly higher in the control subjects. Orthostatic responses were similar in each group. The results suggest that inefficient thermoregulation, possibly due to decreased heat conductance from core to periphery, contributes to heat intolerance in former heatstroke patients.
NASMYTH'S MEMBRANE, EPITHELIAL DÉBRIS, AND THE GRANULAR LAYER OF TOMES
Authors: EUGENE S. TALBOT
Journal: JAMA (1918)

For more than a hundred years scientists have speculated on the etiology and function of Nasmyth's membrane. Within the last twenty-five years, epithelial cells in the peridental membrane have caused considerable discussion in our modern textbooks, while the granular layer of Tomes has not received the attention that its pathologic conditions demand. On account of the interest lately manifested in focal infections and the imperfect operations on devitalized teeth, I have spent a number of years doing research work on teeth of animals and human beings. The amount of material at my disposal has been unlimited. The Cook County morgue has furnished me with human material, while the kennels and laboratories at Rush Medical College have provided more than the required number of dogs. Instead, therefore, of basing my conclusions on one tube or one slide, hundreds of sections were cut and mounted for microscopic study. While this work was
The Uses of Nuclear Disintegration in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Tumor
Authors: William H. Sweet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN THE utilization of isotopes to aid in the clinical management of intracranial tumors that has been developed at this hospital in the past few years, we have been aided by many workers. The time at which an elaborate addition to the hospital's investigative facilities is brought into action is perhaps a suitable time to draw attention to the diversity of talents that has been required for making some headway in such a limited field as that of brain tumors.About four years ago, when Dr. Selverstone and I were receiving our first education in the use of radioactive isotopes . . .
Diagnosis of Hemochromatosis
Authors: Lawrie W. Powell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

If untreated, hemochromatosis can cause serious illness and early death, but the disease is still substantially under-diagnosed. The cornerstone of screening and case detection is the measurement of serum transferrin saturation and the serum ferritin level. Once the diagnosis is suspected, physicians must use serum ferritin levels and hepatic iron stores on liver biopsy specimens to assess patients for the presence of iron overload. Liver biopsy is also used to establish the presence or absence of cirrhosis, which can affect prognosis and management. A DNA-based test for the HFE gene is commercially available, but its place in the diagnosis of hemochromatosis is still being evaluated. Currently, the most useful role for this test is in the detection of hemochromatosis in the family members of patients with a proven case of the disease. It is crucial to diagnose hemochromatosis before hepatic cirrhosis develops because phlebotomy therapy can avert serious chronic disease and can even lead to normal life expectancy.
Long-term remission in an elderly patient with mantle cell leukemia treated with low-dose cyclophosphamide
Authors: Norio Asou, Hitoshi Suzushima, Shintaro Nishimura, Toshiya Okubo, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Motomi Osato, Koyu Hoshino, Kiyoshi Takatsuki, Hiroaki Mitsuya
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

We present an elderly patient with mantle cell leukemia who was successfully treated with low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY). A 76-year-old female was diagnosed as mantle cell leukemia based on abnormal lymphocytosis and splenomegaly without lymphadenopathy. She was orally treated with 50 mg of CY daily and had continuous remission over 4 years. Rearrangements of BCL1 and immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the peripheral blood lymphocytes were detected at diagnosis, but not 1 or 4 years later. Further studies are required to confirm the role of low-dose CY therapy for patients with mantle cell leukemia and lymphoma. Am. J. Hematol. 63:35–37, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Inguinal Bladder Herniation
Authors: David C. Moe, Marguerite T. Parisi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Herniation of bladder into the inguinal canal is a rare occurrence. The diagnosis is rarely made preoperatively as patients typically lack symptoms referable to the urinary tract. Unfortunately, 10% to15% of all bladder hernias are first recognized as postoperative complications after injury to the bladder that occurs during herniorrhaphy or other pelvic surgery. Consequently, recognizing this entity on preoperative imaging is imperative. We present the imaging findings of inguinal bladder herniation incidentally discovered in a 1-month-old infant (born prematurely at 24-week gestation) who underwent a technetium-99m MAG-3 renogram for evaluation of in utero hydronephrosis.
Assessing Quality of Care: Process Measures vs Outcomes Measures-Reply
Authors: Elizabeth A. McGlynn
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In Reply.  —Any system of quality monitoring should use the measures that have the greatest utility for the intended purposes. As Drs Wynia and Hasnaim-Wynia point out, outcomes measures used to make comparisons among health plans have methodologic problems, many of which are unlikely to be solved in the near future.  Consider implementing breast cancer performance measures in the median-sized managed care plan (90 000 enrollees).1The screening process measure (ie, the annual mammogram rate) would apply to 10% of the population, or 9000 women. Another process measure might examine the timeliness of follow-up for women with abnormal mammograms (540 or 6% of those screened). Among women with abnormal mammograms, 27 will have an incident case of breast cancer, and about 12 (45%) of those women will be diagnosed with late-stage cancer. Finally, we would expect 7 deaths per year from breast cancer. Regardless of the level of quality, the number
Stress Markers in Relation to Job Strain in Human Service Organizations
Authors: Carl-Göran Ohlson, Marie Söderfeldt, Björn Söderfeldt, Ian Jones, Töres Theorell
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Workers in human service organizations are often confronted with conflicting demands in providing care or education. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to relate levels of endocrine stress markers to perceived job strain in two human service organizations. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Employees in two local units of the social insurance organization and two local units of the individual and family care sections of the social welfare in Sweden were selected and 103 employees participated (56% participation rate). The perceived job strain was assessed with a standardized questionnaire containing questions of the demand-control model. Questions specially designed to measure emotional demands were also included. The stress markers cortisol, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, testosterone and IgA and IgG were analysed in blood samples. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The main finding was an association between high emotional strain and increased levels of prolactin. The levels of cortisol, but none of the other four stress markers, increased slightly with emotional strain. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; Emotional strain experienced in human service work may cause psychological stress. The increase in prolactin was modest but consistent with findings in other published studies on stress-related endocrine alterations.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and Spine
Authors: Daniel L. Kent
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters1 December 1994Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain and SpineDaniel L. Kent, W. T. Longstreth, and David R. HaynorDaniel L. KentSearch for more papers by this author, W. T. LongstrethSearch for more papers by this author, and David R. HaynorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-11-199412010-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Our comprehensive review [1] made two points. First, suggestions could be made about the selection of imaging tests (see Table 1 of accompanying position paper [2]). Second, the quality of published evidence limited our ability to make stronger recommendations. As a result, users of MRI are vulnerable to both underuse and overuse of a potentially excellent technology. None of those questioning our article actually challenge the College's clinical suggestions, and Dr. Baum's comments support the suggestions given for stroke.The concerns expressed by the authors of the letters may reflect their particular practice backgrounds. Dr. Lossing cites individual ...References1. Kent DL, Haynor DA, Longstreth WL Jr, Larson EB. The clinical efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in neuroimaging. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:856-71. Google Scholar2. American College of Physicians. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spine: a revised statement. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:872-5. Google Scholar3. Jensen JC, Brant-Zawadski MN, Obuchowski N, Modic MT, Malkasian D, Ross JS. Magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine in people without back pain. N Engl J Med. 1994; 331:69-73. Google Scholar4. Lindgren A, Roijer A, Rudling O, Norrving B, Larsson EM, Eskilsson J, et al. Cerebral lesions on magnetic resonance imaging, heart disease, and vascular risk factors in subjects without stroke: a population based study. Stroke. 1994; 25:929-34. Google Scholar5. Cowley LT, Isaacs HL, Young SW, Raffin TA. Magnetic resonance imaging marketing and investment: tensions between the forces of business and the practice of medicine. Chest. 1994; 105:920-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1994Volume 121, Issue 11Page: 896-898 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 December 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract LB-51: Correlation of expression of MDR-associated genes with outcome in primary ovarian serous carcinoma
Authors: Jean-Pierre Gillet, Anna Maria Calcagno, Sudhir Varma, Ben Davidson, Mari Bunkholt Elstrand, Ram Ganapathi, Anil K. Sood, Suresh V. Ambudkar, Michael V. Seiden, Bo R. Rueda, Michael M. Gottesman
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We have been developing tools to reproducibly correlate the expression of multidrug-resistance (MDR)-associated genes with response to chemotherapy in primary cancers. This study reports the results of a novel MDR gene expression analysis of primary serous carcinoma of the ovary utilizing a TaqMan Low Density Array (TLDA) chip which includes 380 previously characterized multidrug resistance (MDR)-associated genes that were initially identified in cultured cancer cells. Primary tumor samples from 133 patients from 4 sites were studied. All patients were subsequently treated with standard chemotherapy and had known clinical outcome. A 13 gene signature was identified whose expression added statistical power to the risk status of the patients based on standard clinical parameters (age, CA125, and success of surgical debulking) (log-rank statistic p=0.02). When subsets of patients with defined clinical risk were studied, we found that a subset of clinically high risk patients that had low expression of the 13 gene signature had a better outcome than would be predicted by purely clinical criteria. Similarly, clinically low risk patients with high expression of the 13 gene signature had a poorer prognosis. Since the mechanism of action of the 13 MDR genes involved in the signature are well-understood, it might be possible to devise therapeutic strategies to some of these targets with the goal of improving clinical outcome. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-51.
2010 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk in Asymptomatic Adults
Authors: Philip Greenland, Joseph S. Alpert, George A. Beller, Emelia J. Benjamin, Matthew J. Budoff, Zahi A. Fayad, Elyse Foster, Mark. A. Hlatky, John McB. Hodgson, Frederick G. Kushner, Michael S. Lauer, Leslee J. Shaw, Sidney C. Smith, Allen J. Taylor, William S. Weintraub, Nanette K. Wenger
Journal: Circulation (2010)
NOTES in Europe: summary of the working group reports of the 2012 EURO-NOTES meeting
Authors: A. Meining, G. Spaun, G. Fernández-Esparrach, A. Arezzo, D. Wilhelm, J. Martinek, J. Spicak, H. Feussner, K. Fuchs, T. Hucl, S. Meisner, H. Neuhaus
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

The sixth EURO-NOTES workshop (4 – 6 October 2012, Prague, Czech Republic) focused on enabling intensive scientific dialogue and interaction between surgeons, gastroenterologists, and engineers/industry representatives and discussion of the state of the practice and development of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) in Europe. In accordance with previous meetings, five working groups were formed. In 2012, emphasis was put on specific indications for NOTES and interventional endoscopy. Each group was assigned an important indication related to ongoing research in NOTES and interventional endoscopy: cholecystectomy and appendectomy, therapy of colorectal diseases, therapy of adenocarcinoma and neoplasia in the upper gastrointestinal tract, treating obesity, and new therapeutic approaches for achalasia. This review summarizes consensus statements of the working groups.
Generation of antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes without thrombocytopenia in patients treated with unfractionated or low-molecular-weight heparin
Authors: Jean Amiral, Edith Peynaud-Debayle, Martine Wolf, Françoise Bridey, Anne-Marie Vissac, Dominique Meyer
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

The incidence of antibodies to heparin-PF4 complexes (H-PF4) has been evaluated in patients who were under heparin therapy for more than 7 days: 109 patients treated with unfractionated heparin (UH) and 100 patients with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH). The presence of antibodies was identified in 17% of the former group and 8% of the latter. In both the UH and the LMWH groups, IgM antibodies were found in all but four patients who showed IgA antibodies. IgG isotypes were only detected in five patients and were consistently associated to either IgM or IgA antibodies. The follow-up of H-PF4 antibodies in 76 patients treated with UH from 1 to ≥ 12 days showed a relationship between the incidence of antibodies and the duration of therapy. Despite the presence of anti-H-PF4 antibodies there was no thrombocytopenia (<150 109/L) in the patients. A significant drop of platelets requiring the discontinuation of heparin was observed, however, in three patients, but their platelet count consistently remained >150 109/L. Our study demonstrates that the induction of antibodies to H-PF4 is a frequent phenomenon in patients treated with UH or with LMWH. The absence of thrombocytopenia and of clinical complications in these patients demonstrates that other conditions must be associated with H-PF4 antibodies for inducing type II HIT: optimal concentrations of heparin and PF4 in the blood circulation to allow the formation of macromolecular H-PF4 complexes, presence of activated platelets that present an increased binding of H-PF4 complexes, increased expression of FcγRIIA receptors, or presence of their H 131 phenotype. We conclude that the measurement of antibodies to H-PF4 complexes allows the detection of heparin-treated patients at risk of developing type II HIT. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
CITN11-02 interim trial results: subcutaneous administration of recombinant human IL-15 (rhil-15) is associated with robust expansion of peripheral blood CD56+ NK cells
Authors: Chihiro Morishima, Douglas G McNeel, Manish R Patel, Holbrook Kohrt, Thomas A Waldmann, John A Thompson, Kevin Conlon, Paul M Sondel, Heather Wakelee, Mary L Disis, Stephen P Creekmore, Jeffrey S Miller
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts IL-15 activates and induces the proliferation of CD8+ T cells and NK cells. The Cancer Immunotherapy Trials Network (CITN) is conducting a Phase I, open-label, dose-escalation study of subcutaneous (SQ) rhIL-15 in advanced melanoma, renal cell, non-small cell lung and squamous
Primary pure squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum: report of three cases
Authors: T. Terada
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Carcinoma of the duodenum is very rare, and most duodenal carcinomas are adenocarcinomas [1]. A review of the English literature revealed only two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum [2] [3], and one case of adenosquamous carcinoma [4]. Here, we report three cases of pure squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum.
CYANOSIS WITHOUT SULF- OR METHEMOGLOBINEMIA IN PATIENTS RECEIVING SULFANILAMIDE TREATMENT
Authors: Leon C. Chesley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1938)

Cyanosis is very frequently observed in patients receiving sulfanilamide therapy.This cyanosis seems to be almost generally attributed to sulf- hemoglobinemia or methemoglobinemia, though few writers have actually identified these deriva- tives in cyanotic patients.Colebrook and Kenny (1) in an early report, stated that three of thirty-eight patients developed sulfhemoglobinemia, as shown by spectroscopic examination of the blood.Several other papers mention the proved occurrence of sulfhemoglobinemia, especially when sulfanilamide and saline cathartics (such as magnesium sulphate) are given concurrently (2, 3).Marshall and Walzl (4) determined the total hemoglobin from the blood iron in five cyanotic patients, and made simultaneous measurements of the oxygen capacity as an index to the active hemoglobin.Any deficit in oxygen capacity, rela- tive to the total hemoglobin, would indicate in- active forms of hemoglobin such as sulf-or methemoglobin.They found only minimal amounts, if any, of such derivatives.Mull and Smith (5) found, in their one case, a discrepancy between the total hemoglobin and the oxygen capacity which they took to mean that the blood was unable to load oxygen normally.They also found a high degree of oxygen unsatu- ration which they correlated with the abnormal oxygen uptake.The present paper reports observations on eight patients who, in the past year, developed cyanosis with sulfanilamide treatment.The method was the same in principle as that of Marshall and Walzl (4). MATERIAL AND METHODSThe number of patients receiving sulfanilamide therapy in this hospital is small, and but few who did receive the drug developed cyanosis.The last four patients to show cyanosis were used in this study-all had puerperal infections.Four other
Inheritance of Defective Organification of Iodine in Familial Goitrous Children.
Authors: R. H. Parker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961Inheritance of Defective Organification of Iodine in Familial Goitrous Children.R. H. Parker, M.D., (Assoc.), W. H. Beierwaltes, M.D., F.A.C.P.,R. H. Parker, M.D., (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this author, W. H. Beierwaltes, M.D., F.A.C.P.,Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1046_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDefective organification of iodine has been studied in goitrous cretins and their siblings. We wish to report a genealogy of 90 members of four generations with two related sibships in which seven of 11 children in the one and two of seven children in the other were cretins. Rapid thyroidal uptake and early release of I131, prompt and marked discharge of I131after KSCN, and the finding of iodide alone on serum and urine chromatography up to 48 hours after 400 µc. of I131constitute evidence for a defect in thyroidal organification of iodine in these cretins. Five apparently normal... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1046-1046KeywordsChildrenChromatographyThyroidUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...