tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Respiratory Distress
Authors: Stanley P. Bohrer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Dr. Louis Phillip Mattoso: This is the chest x-ray film of a 31-year-old white housewife who entered the hospital after the acute onset of shortness of breath (Fig 1). She had a slight fever. Dr. Henry P. Pendergrass: Does she have an "occupational history"? Dr. Mattoso: There was none. Dr. Pendergrass: The roentgenogram shows a very impressive, diffuse miliary infiltrate throughout both lung fields. Something you must consider is miliary tuberculosis. Alveolar proteinosis is another possibility. It could be almost any type of pneumoconiosis, but we don't have an occupational history. Housewives can get acute beryllium disease from washing their husband's work clothes. Dr. Paul F. J. New: Were there any birds around her home? Dr. Mattoso: No, there were not. Dr. Stanley P. Bohrer: Could this be the interstitial pneumonia of acute rheumatic fever or the pneumonia associated with viral infections? Dr. Alfred L. Weber: Chickenpox pneumonia can look
Dose-response study of inhaled salbutamol powder in chronic airflow obstruction.
Authors: P A Corris, E Neville, S Nariman, G J Gibson
Journal: Thorax (1983)

Dose-response relationships for salbutamol were studied in eight patients suffering from chronic airflow obstruction with no asthmatic features. Each inhaled, double blind, in randomised order 0, 200, 400, 800, and 1600 micrograms salbutamol on five successive mornings. Before and at intervals up to six hours after the inhalation FEV1, vital capacity, maximum inspiratory and expiratory flow-volume curves, and 12-minute walking distances were measured. Analysis of variance of the results indicated significant dose-response relationships and showed the larger doses to have a longer duration of action. Simple spirometric tests were as useful in providing objective evidence of benefit as maximum inspiratory flows or the 12-minute walking distance.
Maternal and fetal screening
Authors: D O Ho-Yen
Journal: BMJ (1990)

had genital herpes and are thus at risk of a primary infection in pregnancy.6What useful advice or reassurance can be given on the basis of knowing a woman's antibody state?Doctors should not refuse to test women who are concerned about particular infections.Never- theless, the implications of any test, including difficulties in interpretation, must be discussed beforehand.But screening is not an appropriate description of tests undertaken in these circum- stances -screening is a service offered routinely to all women in which the advantages of testing are not outweighed by the disadvantages.It is unreasonable to offer screening tests for conditions simply because the tests are available, and it is extremely unwise to pursue the piecemeal intro- duction of screening tests before proper evaluation using recognised criteria.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: Nicholas M. Nelson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

Severe Neurologic Reactions to Antiemetics†Many recent reports1 2 3 4 5 6 7 have pointed out a group of alarming neurologic side effects that occasionally accompany the use of the phenothiazine derivatives. These compounds include promazine (Sparine), mepazine (Pacatal), chlorpromazine (Thorazine), perphenazine (Trilafon) and prochlorperazine (Compazine) and have produced dramatic reactions in all age groups after administration of many dose ranges by several routes. Though more often seen after excessive doses, bizarre neurologic symptoms have been noted in many patients receiving only recommended amounts.4 , 5 , 7 Eight cases seen at the Children's Hospital in the past three months suggest that the occurrence of these reactions is not . . .
Psychotherapeutic Management of Suicide Attempts in Children and Early Adolescents: Working with Parents
Authors: Francisco J. Vaz-Leal
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1989)

Metatherapy (a psychotherapeutic procedure based upon parental couple collaboration) is a technique useful for working with severely disorganized family contexts, in which psychopathological diseases (such as psychotic or psychosomatic disorders, suicide attempts of the children etc.) can appear. The management of the family has two definite phases: (a) <i>case</i><i>evaluation</i>, with the participation of the whole family group and (b) <i>case treatment</i>, with exclusive participation and active collaboration of the parental couple. The usefulness of this therapeutic tool proceeds from the restructuration and boundary delimitation that it provides, stressing the recuperation of parental executive capacity. Thus, metatherapy can be used in the treatment of suicide attempts and severe depression of children and early adolescents, because the patients can see themselves free of the <i>mark of illness</i>, and the parents (usually suffering from a very strong anxiety and powerful feelings of guilt) can be confirmed in their role and be pleased to give their collaboration for the treatment of their family. These interactional changes improve the clinical outcome of these cases.
A new I.U.C.D. for nulliparous patients.
Authors: D Bluett
Journal: BMJ (1973)

In a pilot study in unselected patients (20-34 years) begun in July 1972 40 insertions were made with a new plastic IUD the 25 S (similar to the 33 S and 32 S Saf-T-Coils) for nulliparous patients.  22 patients were nulliparous 7 were parous or had miscarried and 11 were aborted.  Insertion was simple using a special uterine sound without tenaculum forceps and neither cervical dilatation nor local anaesthesia was necessary; postinsertion discomfort occurred in 6.  Follow-up of 5-10 months indicates no pregnancies 1 expulsion 3 removals of devices and 2 cases of moderate menorrhagia.  6 vaginal infections were treated without device removal.  The 25 S device with ease of insertion and lack of significant disadvantages is considered an excellent alternative to contraceptive steroids and a simple means of fertility control.  Exact fitting and proper follow-up are necessary.
Aldosterone Administration to Mice Stimulates Macrophage NADPH Oxidase and Increases Atherosclerosis Development
Authors: Shlomo Keidar, Marielle Kaplan, Elsa Pavlotzky, Raymond Coleman, Tony Hayek, Shadi Hamoud, Michael Aviram
Journal: Circulation (2004)

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, partially because of its pro-oxidative properties. We questioned the effect and mechanisms of action of administration of aldosterone to apolipoprotein E-deficient (E(0)) mice on their macrophages and aorta oxidative status and the ability of pharmacological agents to block this effect.Aldosterone (0.2 to 6 microg. mouse(-1) x d(-1)) was administered to E(0) mice alone or in combination with eplerenone (200 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), ramipril (5 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), or losartan (25 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)). Mouse aortic atherosclerotic lesion area and macrophage and aortic oxidative status were evaluated. Aldosterone administration enhanced the mouse atherosclerotic lesion area by 32%. Mouse peritoneal macrophages and aortic segments from aldosterone-treated mice exhibited increased superoxide anion formation by up to 155% and 69%, respectively, and this effect was probably mediated by NADPH oxidase activation, because increased translocation of its cytosolic component p47phox to the macrophage plasma membrane was observed. THP-1 macrophages incubated in vitro with aldosterone (10 micromol/L) exhibited a higher capacity to release superoxide ions by 110% and increased ability to oxidize LDL by 74% compared with control cells. Aldosterone administration enhanced mouse peritoneal macrophage ACE activity and mRNA expression by 2.3-fold and 2.4-fold, respectively. Only cotreatment of eplerenone with ramipril or losartan completely blocked the oxidative effects of aldosterone.Aldosterone administration to E(0) mice increased macrophage oxidative stress and atherosclerotic lesion development. Blocking of the mineralocorticoid receptor and inhibition of tissue ACE and/or the angiotensin receptor-1 reduced aldosterone deleterious pro-oxidative and proatherogenic effects.
A technology platform to assess multiple cancer agents simultaneously within a patient’s tumor
Authors: Richard A. Klinghoffer, S. Bahram Bahrami, Beryl A. Hatton, Jason P. Frazier, Alicia Moreno-Gonzalez, Andrew D. Strand, William S. Kerwin, Joseph R. Casalini, Derek J. Thirstrup, Sheng You, Shelli M. Morris, Korashon L. Watts, Mandana Veiseh, Marc O. Grenley, Ilona Tretyak, Joyoti Dey, Michael Carleton, Emily Beirne, Kyle D. Pedro, Sally H. Ditzler, Emily J. Girard, Thomas L. Deckwerth, Jessica A. Bertout, Karri A. Meleo, Ellen H. Filvaroff, Rajesh Chopra, Oliver W. Press, James M. Olson
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

Simultaneous in vivo assessment of multiple cancer drugs and drug combinations using microinjection technology predicts systemic response in model tumors and has shown feasibility for assessment of drug efficacy in a pilot study in cancer patients.
A NOVEL METHOD FOR CAPTURING ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS (EPCS) BY CORONARY STENTS: APPLICATION OF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR (VEGF)-BOUND PLATFORM
Authors: Shu Takabatake, Toshinari Tsubokawa, Takehisa Matsuda, Masakazu Yamagishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A Rho-associated kinase mitigates reperfusion-induced change in the shape of cardiac capillary endothelial cells in situ
Authors: Matthew C P Glyn, John G Lawrenson, Barbara J Ward
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Objective: We have previously demonstrated that ischaemia and reperfusion of the myocardium alter capillary dimensions and endothelial cell shape and that these changes are likely to be effected by the actomyosin contractile system in endothelial cells. Rho GTPases are involved in the regulation of cytoskeletal re-organization and in cell contraction. Rho-associated kinase regulates the sensitivity of myosin light chain to Ca2+ in smooth muscle but not in cardiac or skeletal muscle myocytes. This study investigated the role of Rho-associated kinase in endothelial cell shape change induced by cardiac ischaemia and reperfusion. The role of Rho proteins in endothelial cell shape change in situ in the myocardial capillary bed has to date not been investigated. Methods: Ischaemia and reperfusion were induced in Langendorff perfused rat hearts at constant flow. Electron microscopy and immunofluorescence studies localized the β Rho-associated kinase isotype in capillary endothelial cells. Whole capillary and luminal cross-section areas, luminal and abluminal membrane lengths were measured to monitor changes in cell dimensions. We used a ROCK inhibitor, Y-27632, to investigate the role of this protein in endothelial cell shape change. Results: ROCK1 localized primarily to intracellular membranes in endothelial cells. Morphometric analysis and a study of capillary lumen resin casts demonstrated that inhibition of the activity of this kinase with Y-27632 ablated the change in shape of endothelial cells induced by ischaemia and reperfusion. Conclusion: These results suggest that ROCK1 is involved in cardiac capillary endothelial cell shape change in situ and that targeting the contractile system in this way may be useful in ameliorating reperfusion injury.
The flu epidemic in Mexico: the challenges for doctors
Authors: J. Sotelo, R. Perez-Padilla
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The statistics usually reported in epidemics are morbidity and mortality, together with the economic costs. However, the consequences of epidemics are much wider, affecting the very roots of society and modifying doctors’ practice.

Recent widespread reports of severe pneumonia in Mexico could have been the first signs of the much feared flu pandemic. The combination of social and medical circumstances around the initial cases that led to the public announcement of an epidemic was a powerful catalyst for a range of reactions and even economic crisis—in a country whose economy is already in difficulty. There is an old popular saying here, “If the United States sneezes, Mexico gets pneumonia.” Now we can say “Mexico gets swine flu”: the first cases of swine flu were detected in the United States, but the epidemic has been most severe in Mexico.

Doctors are used to dealing not just with patients’ illnesses but also the patients’ feelings of vulnerability and related fears, of varying sorts and magnitudes. But in an epidemic there are also community and family worries to contend with, in addition to those of the …
Phase 1 study of PTK787/ZK 222584, a small molecule tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: G J Roboz, F J Giles, A F List, J E Cortes, R Carlin, M Kowalski, S Bilic, E Masson, M Rosamilia, M W Schuster, D Laurent, E J Feldman
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Competence and Quality Of Medical Care
Authors: Gilbert G. Eade
Journal: JAMA (1971)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— I disagree with Edmondson's implication that adopting guidelines of education of competency by each specialty group is necessarily any measure of competency (216:1855, 1971). While continuing medical education is laudatory and certainly is necessary if any physician is to keep up, it is neither possible to measure competency by numbers and varieties of courses attended, nor by examinations concerning medical knowledge.Competency is related to physician behavior. Keeping up is a common denominator of a competent physician, whereas competency is not a common denominator of  up. The competent physician is able to blend knowledge with common sense and apply it to the peculiarities of each patient while keeping his own emotions in reasonable check. Competency relates directly to physician behavior, which in turn manifests itself in observable physician performance. So what we should be looking at and measuring is the ongoing level of individual doctor
δ-Catenin promotes prostate cancer cell growth and progression by altering cell cycle and survival gene profiles
Authors: Yan Zeng, Agustin Abdallah, Jian-Ping Lu, Tao Wang, Yan-Hua Chen, David M Terrian, Kwonseop Kim, Qun Lu
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2009)

Abstract Background δ-Catenin is a unique member of β-catenin/armadillo domain superfamily proteins and its primary expression is restricted to the brain. However, δ-catenin is upregulated in human prostatic adenocarcinomas, although the effects of δ-catenin overexpression in prostate cancer are unclear. We hypothesized that δ-catenin plays a direct role in prostate cancer progression by altering gene profiles of cell cycle regulation and cell survival. Results We employed gene transfection and small interfering RNA to demonstrate that increased δ-catenin expression promoted, whereas its knockdown suppressed prostate cancer cell viability. δ-Catenin promoted prostate cancer cell colony formation in soft agar as well as tumor xenograft growth in nude mice. Deletion of either the amino-terminal or carboxyl-terminal sequences outside the armadillo domains abolished the tumor promoting effects of δ-catenin. Quantitative RT 2 Profiler™ PCR Arrays demonstrated gene alterations involved in cell cycle and survival regulation. δ-Catenin overexpression upregulated cyclin D1 and cdc34, increased phosphorylated histone-H3, and promoted the entry of mitosis. In addition, δ-catenin overexpression resulted in increased expression of cell survival genes Bcl-2 and survivin while reducing the cell cycle inhibitor p21 Cip1 . Conclusion Taken together, our studies suggest that at least one consequence of an increased expression of δ-catenin in human prostate cancer is the alteration of cell cycle and survival gene profiles, thereby promoting tumor progression.
Very low-density lipoprotein in the cord blood of preterm neonates
Authors: Ryuta Yonezawa, Tomoo Okada, Tomomi Kitamura, Hidetoshi Fujita, Ikuhiro Inami, Masami Makimoto, Shigeharu Hosono, Michiyoshi Minato, Shigeru Takahashi, Hideo Mugishima, Tatsuo Yamamoto, Naoki Masaoka
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Tuberculosis of Testicle in an Infant
Authors: E. H. Monks
Journal: BMJ (1884)

May 21st.The etherr was administered by M±.Corlkhill,, and I was assisted by Mr. Laimbeer.After forcible or speedy dilatation of the vagina, the ragged ulcerated cervix was seized by vulsellum forceps, and drawn down.The posterior fornix of the vagina, by a semilunar incision, was opened into Douglas's pouch.A similar incision, was made in the anterior fornix, ,and the utero-vesical connections sepA- rated, the bladder being lifted out of the way by a sound.The fingers were then passed into Douglas's pouch, and the fundus uteri hooked down; but retroversion could not be performed, the broad ligaments holding the uterus too firmly in position.They were, therefore, divided on each side for about one inch ; but even then the fundus could not be brought down.Complete detachment of the peritoneum of the utero-vesical fold was next carried out and, a two- pronged hook was then passed up, guided and covered by the fingers, and fixed into the fundus uteri.Considerable traction was required to produce version and bring the futidus in'to the vagina.Two elastic ligatures were applied in the usual manner; and the whole of the organ, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries were removed by excision.Liga- tures and clamp-forceps controlled heemorrhage from the surfaces of the broad ligaments first divi'ded.Two' sutures brought together the vaginal flaps.Forceps and here-lip needles guided the drainage, as
Essays From the Heart
Authors: Borys Surawicz
Journal: JAMA (1995)

For the past 40 years Dr J. Willis Hurst has been among the leaders of a discipline that has grown from a small and exclusive club of academic clinicians to the largest subspecialty of internal medicine, with several independent tracks of technically demanding diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Retiring from administrative duties and relinquishing the chief editorship of the classic textbook<i>The Heart</i>has freed Dr Hurst to do what he does best, dividing a full day's work into the consulting practice of cardiology, teaching, and professional and journalistic writing. The 46 pieces assembled in the collection<i>Essays from the Heart</i>, and ranging in length from a single paragraph to several pages, represent mostly modified excerpts from previously published articles, addresses, and position papers. The subjects break down roughly into two groups, medical autobiography and the basic philosophy of teaching medicine to students and physicians. In 1955, Dr Hurst was the
Inappropriate ICD Shocks Caused by External Electrical Noise
Authors: Anna Margrethe Thøgersen, Søren Pihlkjær Hjortshøj, Kristian Eskesen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Now genetic testing guides the treatment decision.Patients with BRCA mutations (5 to 10% of patients with breast cancer) may benefit more from bilateral mastectomy than from breast-conserving therapy.They can be spared the late adverse effects of radiotherapy in the heart, lung, and contralateral breast. 4 Women with early disease are at low risk for distant recurrence and have a good prognosis.Preventing local recurrences in the ipsilateral or contralateral breast, which may be the first isolated events, is a priority.Bilateral mastectomy with a good cosmetic result by means of appropriate reconstruction should be considered in patients with BRCA mutations. 5
Impaired endothelium-mediated vasodilation in the peripheral vasculature of patients with congestive heart failure
Authors: Stuart D. Katz, Luigi Biasucci, Carlo Sabba, Joel A. Strom, Guillaume Jondeau, Marie Galvao, Steven Solomon, Srdjan D. Nikolic, Robert Forman, Thierry H. LeJemtel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Promoting the health of looked after children
Authors: L. Polnay
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The Waterhouse report on the widespread abuse of children in care in north Wales from 1974 has focused attention on the issue of how vulnerable such children are to abuse.1 But these children are vulnerable in many ways, not least in terms of their health care, and they are often let down by those who are meant to serve them. The government has been making attempts to improve their overall care and welfare and is currently consulting on improved arrangements for health care.

In December 1999 the English Department of Health issued proposed new guidance on the health care of looked after children.2 “Looked after” is the term introduced by the Children Act 1989 to cover all children in public care, including those in foster or residential homes and those still with their own parents but subject to care orders. The new guidance on health care is one of a series of publications that include a revised edition of Working Together to Safeguard Children , 3 which updates the guide to interagency working to promote children's welfare and protect them from abuse, and a new Framework for …
Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome
Authors: Elizabeth Perdeaux, John Solly
Journal: JAMA (2013)

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Classic (non-AlDS-related) Kaposi's sarcoma in a Japanese patient, successfully treated with alpha-2b-interferon
Authors: S. Shimizu, M. Tanaka, H. Niizeki, S. Miyakawa, A. Ishiko, H. Shimizu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Classic (non‐AlDS‐related) Kaposi's sarcoma in a Japanese patient, successfully treated with alpha‐2b‐interferon Get access S. Shimizu, S. Shimizu Division of Dermatology, Kawasaki City Hospital, Shinkawadori, Kawasaki, 210 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Tanaka, M. Tanaka Division of Dermatology, Kawasaki City Hospital, Shinkawadori, Kawasaki, 210 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Niizeki, H. Niizeki Division of Dermatology, Kawasaki City Hospital, Shinkawadori, Kawasaki, 210 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Miyakawa, S. Miyakawa Division of Dermatology, Kawasaki City Hospital, Shinkawadori, Kawasaki, 210 Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Ishiko, A. Ishiko Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine. Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Shimizu H. Shimizu Department of Dermatology, Keio University School of Medicine. Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 133, Issue 2, 1 August 1995, Pages 332–334, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02646.x Published: 01 August 1995