tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Systemic psoriasis therapy shows high between-country variation: a sign of unwarranted variation? Cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the PSONET registries
Authors: I. Garcia-Doval, S.J. Rustenbach, R. Stern, T.N. Dam, A.D. Cohen, C. Baker, P.I. Spuls, L. Naldi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Funding sources: PSONET was supported by funding from the European Academy of Dermatovenereology and the Italian Drug Agency (AIFA); the AMC psoriasis registry is funded by the Department of Dermatology of the Academic Medical Centre, the Netherlands; Australasian Psoriasis Registry was supported by unconditional funding from Epiderm, Abbott, Pfizer, Janssen‐Cilag, Merck‐Serono and MSD; BIOBADADERM was supported by unconditional funding from the Academia Española de Dermatología y Venereología, Agencia Española de Medicamentos y Productos Sanitarios, Abbott, Schering, MSD, Wyeth, Pfizer and Janssen‐Cilag; DERMBIO has received sponsoring from Abbott, Janssen‐Cilag, MSD and Pfizer; PSOBEST was supported by Abbott, MSD, Pfizer, Janssen‐Cilag, Biogen Idec and Medac; PSOCARE has been supported by AIFA. Conflicts of interest: I.G.‐D. has received congress grants from Pfizer, Janssen and MSD. T.N.D. is a consultant and/or speaker for Abbott, Janssen‐Cilag, LEO Pharma, MSD, Novo Nordisk and Pfizer. A.D.C. has received consultation fees from MSD and Abbott. C.B. has received research support from Epiderm, Abbott, Pfizer, Janssen‐Cilag, Merck‐Serono and MSD. P.I.S. is principal investigator in many pharmaceutical initiated trials in her department, has received departmental research support from MSD and attended advisory board meetings for Leo Pharma and Janssen. L.N. is a member of the scientific board of the PSOLAR registry which is supported by Centocor. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF CORTICOHYPOTHALAMIC RELATIONS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: ROY R. GRINKER, HERMAN M. SEROTA
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1941)

Using hypothalamic and cortical leads electroencephalographic studies in schizophrenics give the following preliminary results. 1. Reaction to external cold is deficient in that no reactive hyperthermia results and little electrical activity in hypothalamus or cortex can be observed. The normal or neurotic shows a definite reaction in both leads. 2. Adrenalin injected intravenously causes violent subjective and objective reactions but intramuscularly causes little subjective and usually no objective effect on hypothalamus or cortex in schizophrenics. The intramuscular injection, however, causes a prompt and striking effect in normals and neurotics electrically as well as subjectively demonstrable. 3. Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus of schizophrenics caused minimal or no reaction in that structure demonstrable by the EEG or secondarily in the cortex. Normal and neurotics showed a profound excitation of hypothalamus and cortex, frequently with prolonged "condensor" effect, and usually subjective responses as well. 4. Verbal stimuli when applied to schizophrenics elicited no excitation in either lead whereas excitability from both has been recorded in neurotic subjects. 5. Sodium amytal injected intravenously showed a typical hypothalamic and cortical response, more striking in the hypothalamus, which further study may correlate with the "amytal interview" effect, and be related to the selective action of barbiturates. 6. Speculations have been presented regarding the fundamental deficiency of dynamic action of the hypothalamus in schizophrenia and its possible secondary effects in the production of the essential psychosis in the psychomotor system.
The Coronary Microcirculation in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Eduard I. Dedkov, Joseph K. Perloff, Robert J. Tomanek, Michael C. Fishbein, David D. Gutterman
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Despite an appreciable increase in basal coronary blood flow in cyanotic congenital heart disease, flow reserve remains normal. We hypothesized that preservation of flow reserve resides in remodeling of the coronary microcirculation. Microcirculatory morphometric analyses were performed to test this hypothesis.Necropsy specimens from 4 sources were studied: (1) hearts from patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome (A; n=5), (2) structurally abnormal hearts with ventricular hypertrophy (B; n=8), (3) structurally normal hearts with ventricular hypertrophy (C; n=6), and (4) normal hearts (D; n=5). To compare responses of the microcirculation to hypoxia versus hypertrophy, sections were taken from the left ventricular free wall, which in group A, was hypoxemic but not hypertrophied; in groups B and C, was hypertrophied but not hypoxemic; and in group D, was neither hypertrophied nor hypoxemic. Coronary arterioles were immunolabeled for smooth muscle alpha-actin. Measured morphometric parameters included long and short axes, area, and perimeter. Arteriolar length, volume and surface densities were calculated. There was a significant intergroup difference for arteriolar length density (P=0.03) and diameter (P=0.03). Total length density in group A hearts was markedly lower, but mean arteriolar diameter was significantly greater (34%) compared with group B (P=0.03). Arteriolar volume density was similar to that in the other groups.Remodeling of the coronary microcirculation is the key mechanism for preservation of flow reserve in cyanotic congenital heart disease. The increase in short axis (diameter) compensated for lower arteriolar length density and was the principal anatomic basis for maintenance of normal flow reserve.
Ventricular Capture in Demand Pacing
Authors: Xavier S. Dalle
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> We would like to comment on a letter of Hirsch and Hecht (<b>197</b>:373, 1966) so that no false hopes would be generated prematurely concerning the medical treatment of the disturbing problem of competitive pacing. The authors imply that complete control over the cardiac mechanism was obtained because guanethidine had slowed the sinus rate below the rate of pacing. However, the creation of a state in which the pacing rate is faster than the sinus rate is not necessarily sufficient to abolish competition, whether this condition is achieved by slowing the sinus or accelerating the pacing rate<sup>1</sup>(Figure). Indeed, in order to eliminate this parasystolic type of arrhythmia the fastest pacemaker must be able to depolarize and recycle the firing mechanism of the slower one (ie, if the rate of the ventricular pacing is faster than the existing rate, retrograde depolarization of the sinoatrial (SA) node must
Suppression of apoptosis is responsible for increased thickness of intestinal mucosa in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Takahiro Noda, Ryuichi Iwakiri, Kazuma Fujimoto, Toshifumi Yoshida, Hiroyoshi Utsumi, Hiroyuki Sakata, Akitaka Hisatomi, Tak Yee Aw
Journal: Metabolism (2001)
Thomas Stephen Low-Beer
Authors: M. Shahmanesh
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Former consultant physician Selly Oak Hospital (b 1932; q Oxford 1960; FRCP), d 21 November 2001.

Some will recall Thomas Low-Beer's love of interminable walks or his fascination with mud. Others will remember his chaotic ward rounds and clinics. Students will remember his clear teaching—even though today teaching through anecdotes is somewhat frowned upon. Tom moved to the United Kingdom via France a step ahead of the Nazis. He had a talent for languages and he also had that central European cultural passion that made him more than a mere observer of art. He took that eye for art into his clinical practice and saw patients and their maladies as he would paintings, to observe, understand, and treasure. After retirement he trained as a guide to the Barber Institute of Fine Arts in the University of Birmingham and he acquired and planted a wood. Two days before he died—following a car crash in South Africa—he had trekked for nine and a half hours climbing a mountain. He leaves a wife, Anne, and two sons.
The Surgical and Medical Support of Burn Patients
Authors: Desmono A. Kernahan
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This compact, pocket-sized manual covers the procedures and treatment methods used at the Shriner's Burns Institute, Cincinnati, and carries with it the reputation of one of the most sophisticated burn treatment centers in the country. The author is the director of the institute. Clearly, it is meant to be of use to residents, nurses, burn technicians, occupational and physical therapists, dieticians, and medical students, and it would appear to achieve this objective admirably. If there is any aspect of burn treatment that is not covered succinctly but in sufficient detail to form a useful and practical guide to the problem, it is difficult to detect. Everything from initial fluid management, choice and indications of topical and systemic antibiotics, respiratory management, and nutrition, to debridement and closure of the burn wound, either temporarily or permanently, is covered. The fine line between meaningful and meaningless ritual in the operating room, dressing room,
Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia Syndrome Primed by Radiation Therapy to the Breast
Authors: BRUNO CRESTANI, DOMINIQUE VALEYRE, SERGE RODEN, BENOÎT WALLAERT, JEAN-CHARLES DALPHIN, JEAN-FRANÇOIS CORDIER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Reports of bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) occurring in women after radiation therapy for breast cancer have suggested that radiation to the lung could participate in the development of BOOP. We now describe the clinical, radiographic, functional, and bronchoalveolar lavage characteristics of this syndrome in a series of 15 patients reported to the Groupe d'Etudes et de Recherche sur les Maladies “Orphelines” Pulmonaires (GERM“O”P) in France. All 15 women (60 ± 6 yr of age) fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: (1) radiation therapy to the breast within 12 mo, (2) general and/or respiratory symptoms lasting for at least 2 wk, (3) lung infiltrates outside the radiation port, and (4) no specific cause. The patients presented with fever, nonproductive cough, mild dyspnea, and peripheral alveolar opacities on chest radiograph with a characteristic migratory pattern. In five patients, BOOP was found at lung pathologic analysis. In all the patients dramatic improvement was obtained with corticosteroids, but relapses occurred in 12 patients while tapering or after stopping corticosteroids. This report demonstrates that a characteristic BOOP syndrome may occur after radiation therapy to the breast, including tangential radiation to the lung, thus suggesting that radiation therapy may prime the development of BOOP.
Trauma Registries and Organ Transplantation
Authors: R. W. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with great interest the recent article on trauma registries by Drs Pollock and McClain.<sup>1</sup>It would seem that such registries could beextremely valuable to those of us who are involved in organ transplantation. For many years, I have bemoaned the fact that existing national data sets, including the National Hospital Discharge Survey and the National Death Index, both maintained by the National Center for Health Statistics, do not include data on the diagnosis of brain death. Such information would be invaluable in efforts to estimate the size of the potential organ donor pool. Thus far, we have only been able to derive such estimates crudely, and they are the subject of much uncertainty.<sup>2-6</sup> Since many organ donors are the victims of traumatic death, it is evident that trauma registries could be very helpful in estimating the size of the potential donor pool.
Beyond conflict of interest: maybe wrong questions are being asked
Authors: Jon Drucker
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—Lenzer reports that scandals have eroded the US public's confidence in the drug industry.1 Although we should be shocked over the tangled fiduciary relations between the cholesterol guideline authors and Big Pharma, we should also examine how the underlying research was funded. Beyond the overt conflicts of interest among eight of nine authors …
Attitudes towards self-poisoning.
Authors: A R Patel
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Self-poisoning now constitutes one of the prime emergencies in hospital medical practice. This paper describes the results of the study of the attitudes of physicians and senior nurses towards several common illnesses in the medical wards. The junior doctors and the nurses who frequently have primary responsibility for the care of the self-poisoners tend to show unfavourable attitudes towards these patients.
Small cell lung cancer mimicking a pulmonary venous angiosarcoma
Authors: J B Morjaria, C K Choong, K Amsha, S Stewart, F C Wells, R C Rintoul
Journal: Thorax (2009)

A 67-year-old man presented with dyspnoea and non-specific chest pain. A CT scan showed a mass lesion within the right superior pulmonary vein protruding into the left atrium (fig 1A, B). Positron emission tomography with 18fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose showed uptake within the lesion but no extrathoracic disease (fig 1C). A clinical-radiological diagnosis of pulmonary venous angiosarcoma was made and surgical resection was offered for symptom palliation. At surgery the tumour mass was found to be growing from the right superior pulmonary …
(9) Phlebitic tuberculid, a new tuberculid?
Authors: Susan C. Parker, D.H. McGibbon
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Currently recognized tuberculids are papulonecrotic tuberculid, erythema induratum and lichen scrofulosorum. We describe two cases of what appears to be a hitherto undescribed tuberculid. Two fit young Oriental women presented with relapsing small nodules on the shins which cleared spontaneously without scarring. The Mantoux test was strongly positive. Histology showed a granulomatous phlebitis with Langhans giant cells but without panniculitis or necrosis. No tubercle bacilli were grown from the skin lesions but there was culture-proven tuberculosis elsewhere (in the lung and cervical nodes, respectively). The eruption ceased with anti-tuberculous chemotherapy. These two cases therefore fall within the definition of a tuberculid, yet resemble neither clinically nor histologically any of the three currently recognized forms. In the second case, direct immunofluorescence of the skin lesions showed dermal perivascular deposits of IgM, C3 and fibrin, thus suggesting an immune complex-mediated vasculitis, although no immune complexes were detected in the serum, and complement levels were normal. We would, therefore, suggest that these two cases represent a phlebitic tuberculid, possibly with an immune complex-mediated aetiology.
High-Dose Corticosteroids in Patients with the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: G R Bernard, J M Luce, C L Sprung, J E Rinaldo, R M Tate, W J Sibbald, K Kariman, S Higgins, R Bradley, C A Metz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Corticosteroids are widely used as therapy for the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) without proof of efficacy. We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of methylprednisolone therapy in 99 patients with refractory hypoxemia, diffuse bilateral infiltrates on chest radiography and absence of congestive heart failure documented by pulmonary-artery catheterization. The causes of ARDS included sepsis (27 percent), aspiration pneumonia (18 percent), pancreatitis (4 percent), shock (2 percent), fat emboli (1 percent), and miscellaneous causes or more than one cause (42 percent). Fifty patients received methylprednisolone (30 mg per kilogram of body weight every six hours for 24 hours), and 49 received placebo according to the same schedule. Serial measurements were made of pulmonary shunting, the ratio of partial pressure of arterial oxygen to partial pressure of alveolar oxygen, the chest radiograph severity score, total thoracic compliance, and pulmonary-artery pressure. We observed no statistical differences between groups in these characteristics upon entry or during the five days after entry. Forty-five days after entry there were no differences between the methylprednisolone and placebo groups in mortality (respectively, 30 of 50 [60 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 46 to 74] and 31 of 49 [63 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, 49 to 77]; P = 0.74) or in the reversal of ARDS (18 of 50 [36 percent] vs. 19 of 49 [39 percent]; P = 0.77). However, the relatively wide confidence intervals in the mortality data make it impossible to exclude a small effect of treatment. Infectious complications were similar in the methylprednisolone group (8 of 50 [16 percent]) and the placebo group (5 of 49 [10 percent]; P = 0.60). Our data suggest that in patients with established ARDS due to sepsis, aspiration, or a mixed cause, high-dose methylprednisolone does not affect outcome.
Word meaning, cognitive development, and social interaction
Authors: Alison F. Garton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

This review proposes that Bloom's linkage of word meaning with more general cognitive capacities could be extended through examination of the social contexts in which children learn. Specifically, the child's developing theory of mind can be viewed as part of the process by which children learn word meanings through engagement in social interactions that facilitate both language and strategic behaviours.
Comparative assessment of implantable hip devices with different bearing surfaces: systematic appraisal of evidence
Authors: A. Sedrakyan, S.-L. T. Normand, S. Dabic, S. Jacobs, S. Graves, D. Marinac-Dabic
Journal: BMJ (2011)

To determine comparative safety and effectiveness of combinations of bearing surfaces of hip implants.Systematic review of clinical trials, observational studies, and registries.Medline, Embase, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, reference lists of articles, annual reports of major registries, summaries of safety and effectiveness for pre-market application and mandated post-market studies at the United States Food and Drug Administration.Criteria for inclusion were comparative studies in adults reporting information for various combinations of bearings (such as metal on metal and ceramic on ceramic). Data search, abstraction, and analyses were independently performed and confirmed by at least two authors. Qualitative data syntheses were performed.There were 3139 patients and 3404 hips enrolled in 18 comparative studies and over 830 000 operations in national registries. The mean age range in the trials was 42-71, and 26-88% were women. Disease specific functional outcomes and general quality of life scores were no different or they favoured patients receiving metal on polyethylene rather than metal on metal in the trials. While one clinical study reported fewer dislocations associated with metal on metal implants, in the three largest national registries there was evidence of higher rates of implant revision associated with metal on metal implants compared with metal on polyethylene. One trial reported fewer revisions with ceramic on ceramic compared with metal on polyethylene implants, but data from national registries did not support this finding.There is limited evidence regarding comparative effectiveness of various hip implant bearings. Results do not indicate any advantage for metal on metal or ceramic on ceramic implants compared with traditional metal on polyethylene or ceramic on polyethylene bearings.
Can Health-related Quality of Life Predict Survival in Adults with Cystic Fibrosis?
Authors: Janice Abbott, Anna Hart, Alison M. Morton, Paola Dey, Steven P. Conway, A. Kevin Webb
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Advances in the management of cystic fibrosis have led to a significant improvement in survival, although marked differences between individuals are still observed. The value of patient-reported health-related quality of life scores in predicting survival in adults with cystic fibrosis is unknown.To evaluate whether patient-reported health-related quality of life could predict survival in cystic fibrosis.From 1996 to 1997 a consecutive series of 223 patients were recruited to evaluate the Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire. Demographic (age, sex), clinical (FEV(1)% predicted, body mass index, diabetes, B. Cepacia complex, intravenous access device, nutritional and lung transplant status) and health-related quality of life variables were recorded (Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire and the SF-36). These data were used as baseline measures to explore the prognostic association of health-related quality of life and subsequent survival.At the census date (December 31, 2006) 154 (69.1%) adults were alive, 66 (29.6%) had died, and three (1.3%) were lost to follow-up. Cox proportional hazards models and bootstrapping procedures examined if health-related quality of life domains predicted survival after adjusting for the demographic and clinical factors. The physical functioning domain of the Cystic Fibrosis Quality of Life Questionnaire and the pain domain of the Short Form-36 had the strongest statistical associations with survival.Aspects of patient-reported quality of life serve as prognostic measures of survival beyond a number of previously known factors in cystic fibrosis. This needs to be investigated further in a larger longitudinal study.
Refugee families have psychological strengths
Authors: S. Timimi
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—As a child psychiatrist who grew up in a refugee family I take issue with Hodes's editorial about refugee children.1 It views refugees and their experiences through the eyes of a Western psychiatrist. This, unfortunately, means that the picture of illness and disorder portrayed puts an emphasis on Western notions of psychopathology; this gives the impression that there is much serious …
A Couple With Cancer: Conflicting Wishes, Joint Decisions
Authors: Bogda Koczwara, Matthew M. Clark
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

Article Tools ART OF ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.05.052 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12506190 A Couple With Cancer: Conflicting Wishes, Joint Decisions Bogda KoczwaraxBogda KoczwaraSearch for articles by this author , Matthew M. ClarkxMatthew M. ClarkSearch for articles by this author Show More From the Department of Oncology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, Australia. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.05.052 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Adenovirus stripping: a versatile method to generate adenovirus vectors with new cell target specificity
Authors: Saw See Hong, Maria K Magnusson, Petra Henning, Leif Lindholm, Pierre A Boulanger
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

We developed a new type of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5)-derived vector with genetically modified fiber proteins whose knob domains could be stripped off due to the insertion of a single Factor Xa cleavage site in the fiber shaft, between a cellular ligand and the knob domain. This Ad vector did not require a specific cell line for propagation and could be grown in HEK-293 cells. Stripping off the knob domains removed the endogenous cell-binding moiety of Ad but retained the new cell ligand for retargeting purposes. As experimental models for cell ligands, we used two peptides with different sequence complexities: (i) the integrin-binding tripeptide RGD and (ii) a 58-residue oligopeptide termed affibody (Zwt). Zwt binds specifically to the human IgG1 Fc domain or to its Fc3(1) homolog. The modified fibers were efficiently encapsidated into virions, and the Factor Xa sites were fully accessible to proteolysis. In vitro binding assays using recombinant Fc3(1) protein and Ad5-mediated gene transduction of Fc3(1)-expressing cells demonstrated that the proteolytically deknobbed Ad5-Zwt vector was functional and specific for receptor targeting.