tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Simple Score to Assess the Risk of Rejection After Orthotopic Heart Transplantation
Authors: Arman Kilic, Eric S. Weiss, Jeremiah G. Allen, John V. Conte, Ashish S. Shah, William A. Baumgartner, David D. Yuh
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The aim of this study was to derive and validate a risk score for rejection after orthotopic heart transplantation.The United Network for Organ Sharing registry was used to identify patients undergoing orthotopic heart transplantation between 1998 and 2008. A total of 14 265 eligible patients were randomly divided into derivation (80%; n=11 412) and validation (20%; n=2853) cohorts. The primary outcome was drug-treated rejection within 1 year of orthotopic heart transplantation. Covariates found to be associated (exploratory univariate P<0.2) with rejection were entered into a multivariable logistic regression model. Inclusion of each variable in the model was assessed by improvement in the McFadden pseudo-R(2), likelihood ratio test, and c index. A risk score was then generated through the use of relative magnitudes of the odds ratios from the derivation cohort, and its ability to predict rejection was tested independently in the validation cohort. A 13-point risk score incorporating 4 variables (age, race, sex, HLA matching) was created. The mean scores in the derivation and validation cohorts were 8.3±2.2 and 8.4±2.1, respectively. Predicted 1-year rejection rates based on the derivation cohort ranged from 16.2% (score=0) to 50.7% (score=13; P<0.001). In weighted regression analysis, there was a strong correlation between these predicted rates of rejection and actual, observed rejection rates in the validation cohort (r(2)=0.96, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis also demonstrated a significant association (odds ratio, 1.13; P<0.001). The c index of the composite score was equivalent in both the derivation and validation cohorts (c=0.67).This novel 13-point risk score is highly predictive of clinically significant rejection episodes within 1 year of orthotopic heart transplantation. It has potential utility in tailoring immunosuppressive regimens and in research stratification in orthotopic heart transplantation.
Abstract 3393: Nuclear receptor Nurr1 mediates cell proliferation and is involved in a p53-microRNA-34 regulatory network
Authors: Jordan A. Beard, Justin L. Hills, Alexa Tenga, Apana A. Takwi, Taosheng Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Nuclear receptor (NR) subfamily 4 member 2 (NR4A2), also known as Nurr1, has been shown to have oncogenic properties, in which it can mediate cell transformation, migration and drug resistance. However, the manner in which Nurr1 mediates these cancer-promoting features is not completely understood, but research implicates p53 as a potential intermediary. In this study, we show that Nurr1 enhances the proliferative rate of colorectal cancer cells. This increase in cell growth is accompanied by an upregulation of cyclin D3, a putative target gene of Nurr1. To understand how Nurr1 itself is regulated, we performed a reporter screen to identify microRNA regulators of Nurr1's 3’UTR. We identified miR-34c as a putative regulator of Nurr1 and this direct regulation was confirmed through site-directed mutagenesis of the predicted seed region. We next determined if p53 activation could affect Nurr1 expression through transcriptional activation of miR-34. Using Nutlin-3a to activate p53, we found that Nurr1 expression decreased in a dose response manner. Lastly, we sought to determine if Nurr1 could attenuate p53 activation. We found that overexpression of Nurr1 in colorectal cancer cells caused an attenuation of p53 transactivation of target genes following Nutlin-3a treatment. Our results suggest that a p53-miR-34-Nurr1 regulatory network exists, which would allow p53 to maintain Nurr1 in a suppressed state through miR-34-mediated regulation and prevent tumorigenesis. In cases of p53 mutation or Nurr1 overexpression, this network would be compromised, allowing Nurr1 to enhance tumorigenesis or drug resistance. Citation Format: Jordan A. Beard, Justin L. Hills, Alexa Tenga, Apana A. Takwi, Taosheng Chen. Nuclear receptor Nurr1 mediates cell proliferation and is involved in a p53-microRNA-34 regulatory network. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3393. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3393
Lactate in Sepsis
Authors: Hernando Gomez, John A. Kellum
Journal: JAMA (2015)

A 67-year-old man with a medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and cirrhosis presented to the emergency department reporting 5 days of cough, fever, anorexia, and malaise. He was found to be tachycardic, hypotensive, in severe respiratory distress, and oliguric, and he had peripheral cyanosis and a lactate level of 3.1 mmol/L (reference range, 0.6-1.7 mmol/L) (27.9 mg/dL; reference range, 5.0-15 mg/dL). He was intubated, given empirical antibiotics for suspected community-acquired pneumonia, resuscitated with 3 L of Ringer lactate solution, and admitted to the intensive care unit. Following admission, the patient’s lactate level decreased to 1.2 mmol/L (10.8 mg/dL). However, blood pressure declined progressively through the night despite further fluid resuscitation and the addition of vasopressors (norepinephrine, vasopressin, and epinephrine) and hydrocortisone. The following morning, his central venous pressure was 13, stroke volume variation was 7%, and lactate was 3.0 mmol/L (27.0 mg/dL). Mean arterial pressure of 60 to 65 mm Hg was achieved but lactate continued to increase to 4.2 mmol/L (37.8 mg/dL).
Maintenance of Androgen Responsiveness by Glucocorticoids in Shionogi Mammary Carcinoma Cells in Culture1
Authors: F. Labrie, R. Veilleux, A. Fournier
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

The possibility that glucocorticoids can delay or prevent loss of responsiveness to androgens in androgen-deprived cells was investigated. While a complete loss of responsiveness to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) was observed within 60 days of androgen deprivation, addition of the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX) delayed both the loss of growth responsiveness to DHT and the increase in spontaneous growth rate by ≈60 days. When the growth response to DEX was studied, the changes found were similar to those described above for DHT, namely loss of response following steriod deprivation and preservation of response in cells preincubated with DHT or DEX. In addition, long-term incubation in the presence of DEX was accompanied by low-amplitude stimulation of cell growth at extremely low concentrations of DHT and DEX, suggesting that androgen- and glucocorticoid-hypersensitive cell clones developed during androgen deprivation. The present data show that long-term incubation of androgen-sensitive Shionogi cells leads not only to an increase in the spontaneous growth rate, but also to the appearance of androgen- and glucocorticoid-hypersensitive cells, which may well play an important role in the development of resistance to endocrine therapy in human hormone-sensitive cancers. Although it is not as efficient as DHT, the glucocorticoid DEX can delay the loss of androgen sensitivity in this cell line. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1988;80:966–970]
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Bicuspid Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: Darren Mylotte, Thierry Lefevre, Lars Søndergaard, Yusuke Watanabe, Thomas Modine, Danny Dvir, Johan Bosmans, Didier Tchetche, Ran Kornowski, Jan-Malte Sinning, Pascal Thériault-Lauzier, Crochan J. O'Sullivan, Marco Barbanti, Nicolas Debry, Jean Buithieu, Pablo Codner, Magdalena Dorfmeister, Giuseppe Martucci, Georg Nickenig, Peter Wenaweser, Corrado Tamburino, Eberhard Grube, John G. Webb, Stephan Windecker, Ruediger Lange, Nicolo Piazza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Can you tell your clunis from your cubitus? A benchmark for functional imaging
Authors: Alison E Fisher, Gareth R Barnes, Arjan Hillebrand, Caroline Burrow, Paul L Furlong, Ian E Holliday
Journal: BMJ (2004)

An undescribed association between syncope and Raynaud9s disease is presented. Ten females and one male, aged 19–64 years, with syncope and Raynaud9s disease were seen over a period of 6 years. The features in all suggested brainstem syncope. Nine had active, and one a history of, migraine. Three had previous diagnoses of non-epileptic attack disorder (psychogenic seizures). Syncope and Raynaud9s disease improved in parallel, in all patients, after treatment with a calcium channel blocker (Nifedipine). Migraine also improved in five patients. A chance association between syncope and Raynaud9s disease is statistically unlikely, and a pathophysiological link between the two is explored. Syncope in this condition may result from transient brainstem ischaemia, and brainstem spreading depression might also be involved. Syncope is relatively common, but the cause is unknown in more than one-third of patients. The association described here is important in establishing an exact diagnosis in some patients with syncope, and in providing new treatment options.
Absence of Hepatic Uptake of Tc-99m Sulfur Colloid in an Infant with Coxsackie B2 Viral Infection
Authors: GEORGE H. HINKLE, JOE C. LEONARD, HENRY F. KROUS, JOE B. ALEXANDER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

After the intravenous administration of Tc-99m sulfur colloid, there was found homogeneous lung, renal, and splenic uptake with absence of uptake by the liver and bone marrow of a nine-day-old female infant. More than 20 other doses were dispensed from the same Tc-99m sulfur colloid preparation with the expected biodistribution. A necropsy done two days later showed diffuse hepatic hemorrhagic necrosis without evidence of intravascular fibrin deposition in the lungs or kidneys. The underlying cause of the infant's disease was a Coxsackie B2 viral infection, based upon positive postmortem viral cultures of kidney and liver tissues and characteristic histopathologic lesions of the central nervous system and viscera. The altered biodistribution presumably reflected marked impairment of Kupffer cell function and an apparent increase in pulmonary macrophages.
ECG-Monitor Artifacts
Authors: Douglas R. Hansmann, Joseph J. Sheppard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 April 1973ECG-Monitor ArtifactsDOUGLAS R. HANSMANN, PH.D., JOSEPH J. SHEPPARD, PH.D.DOUGLAS R. HANSMANN, PH.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH J. SHEPPARD, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-4-619 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The letter in the December 1972 issue "Artifacts in Portable ECG Monitoring" (Ann Intern Med 77:1004) described two malfunctions that may occur during the use of the Holter monitor, also known as dynamic electrocardiography (DCG). Two malfunctions were described: pseudotachycardia induced by an abnormally slow tape speed, which crowds the ECG complexes together; and apparently abnormal QRS complexes caused by improper erasure of a previously used DCG tape.With regard to the first malfunction, an artificial tachycardia can be manifested by either a worn-out motor or an insufficiently charged battery. In the case of a worn motor,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByNicht-invasive Verfahren einschließlich Holter-MonitoringCar Wash TachycardiaC. RICHARD SMITH JR., D.O., DAVID ELBAUM, D.O.Unusual artifacts in electrocardiographic monitoringArtifacts in portable electrocardiographic monitoringInterference And Motion Artifact In Biopotentials 1 April 1973Volume 78, Issue 4Page: 619-619KeywordsElectrocardiographyTachycardia Issue Published: 1 April 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Case 25-1978
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Milton M. Weiser, Terence J. Harrist
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Presentation of CaseA 52-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of abdominal pain.The patient was a poor historian. She was apparently well until 12 years earlier, when polyarthralgia developed and was most prominent in the fingers. Five operations were performed on the hands and fingers to relieve rheumatoid deformities. Seven years before entry a rash appeared on areas exposed to light. She was seen at another hospital, where a test for antinuclear antibodies was positive in a titer of 1:5000, and tests for antibodies to DNA and nuclear protein were positive. Complement components (C′H50, C3 . . .
Management for Doctors: Financial accounting in the NHS
Authors: A. Cook
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Just as the NHS is changing, so is the world of finance and financial management within it.Indeed, although recent changes seem to be particularly far reaching, the process of change has been with us since at least the NHS reorganisation in 1974.To understand recent changes in financial management within the NHS one should first of all understand the distinction between financial accounting and management accounting.
Pulmonary inflammation after segmental ragweed challenge in allergic asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects.
Authors: J R Shaver, J J O'Connor, M Pollice, S K Cho, G C Kane, J E Fish, S P Peters
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Inflammatory reactions in the airways are thought to play an important role in asthma pathogenesis. The goal of this work was to test prospectively the hypothesis that the pulmonary inflammatory response to segmental antigen challenge is greater in allergic asthmatic (AA) subjects than in allergic nonasthmatic (ANA) subjects. A total of 46 ragweed-allergic subjects, 27 AA and 19 ANA, took part in these studies. Subjects had normal or nearly normal pulmonary function, were on no chronic medication, and were characterized as to their skin sensitivity to intradermal ragweed injection, their nonspecific responsiveness to methacholine, and the presence (or absence) of a late asthmatic response after whole-lung antigen challenge. Subjects then underwent bronchoscopy, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of a control lung segment, antigen lung challenge of a contralateral lung segment with 5 ml of a concentration of ragweed solution 100-fold higher than that required to produce a positive skin reaction, and finally, BAL of the challenged segment after 24 h. AA did not differ from ANA in any inflammatory parameter measured in BAL fluid (total cells/ml, macrophages/ml, lymphocytes/ml, eosinophils/ml, neutrophils/ml, total protein, albumin, urea, or eosinophil cationic protein) 24 h after challenge. In addition, there was no relationship between nonspecific bronchial responsiveness to methacholine and eosinophils recruited to the lung by segmental antigen challenge. Rather, in both groups a marked inflammatory response was seen only in the subgroup of subjects who demonstrated a late airway reaction after whole-lung antigen challenge, regardless of disease classification.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Abstract IA24: Molecular imaging agents for prostate cancer: Focus on PSMA
Authors: Martin G. Pomper
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Although most clinical diagnostic imaging studies employ anatomic techniques such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, much of radiology research currently focuses on adapting these conventional methods to physiologic imaging as well as on introducing new techniques and probes for studying processes at the cellular and molecular levels in vivo, i.e. molecular imaging. Molecular imaging promises to provide new methods for the detection of minimal disease and support for personalized therapy. This summary will focus on experimental and near-term translational molecular imaging agents and methods for prostate cancer, with a focus on radiopharmaceuticals and optical agents, the former primarily for staging and the latter for surgical guidance. Citation Format: Martin G. Pomper. Molecular imaging agents for prostate cancer: Focus on PSMA [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Prostate Cancer Research; 2012 Feb 6-9; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(4 Suppl):Abstract nr IA24.
AB0625 Survival and Prognostic Factors in Patients with Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Results from A Korean Nationwide Registry
Authors: K.Y. Kang, C.H. Jeon, S.J. Choi, B.Y. Yoon, C.-B. Choi, C.H. Lee, C.-H.S. Suh, C.W. Lee, C.S.C. Cho, E.J. Nam, E.-M. Koh, H.-Y. Kim, H.J. Choi, H.-A. Kim, J.-B. Jun, J. Lee, J. Kim, J.D. Ji, J.K. Min, K.J. Kim, K. Shin, M.W. So, S.R. Kwon, S.-K. Kim, S.-S. Nah, S.-K. Kwok, S.-K. Lee, S.W. Lee, S.-H. Park, W. Park, Y.-B. Park, Y.H.L. Lee, S.-S. Lee, D.H. Yoo
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a major cause of mortality in connective tissue disease (CTD). <h3>Objectives</h3> The survival rates and mortality-predictive factors of a nationwide registry of Korean patients with CTD-PAH were determined. <h3>Methods</h3> Patients with CTD-PAH were enrolled between April 2008 and December 2012. Hemodynamic parameters and clinical data (WHO-functional class [FC], organ involvement, laboratory tests, and treatment agents) were recorded. Survival rates were calculated by using the Kaplan–Meier method. Mortality-associated factors were examined by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. <h3>Results</h3> In total, 174 incident PAH cases (61 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 50 with systemic sclerosis, 10 with mixed CTD, 22 with rheumatoid arthritis [RA], and 31 with other CTDs) were diagnosed by right heart catheterisation or Doppler echocardiography. Of these, 25 (14%) died during the 3.8±2.7 year follow-up period after PAH diagnosis. The 1 and 3 year survival rates were 90.7% and 87.3%, respectively. Compared to the other CTD-PAHs, RA-PAH had the lowest survival rates (56% 3 year survival; <i>p</i>=0.022). Multiple regression analysis revealed that low DLCO, pleural effusion, and diabetes mellitus were poor prognostic factors (<i>p</i>=0.008, 0.04, and 0.009, respectively). Anti-UI-RNP antibody positivity was protective (<i>p</i>=0.022). In patients with WHO-FC III/IV, patients who received vasodilators had lower mortality than those who did not (<i>p</i>=0.038). <h3>Conclusions</h3> In Korean patients with CTD-PAH, the 3 year survival rate was 87%. Low DLCO, pleural effusion, and DM were independent poor prognostic factors. Anti-UI-RNP antibody was protective. Prompt PAH-specific vasodilator therapy may improve the survival of patients with severe CTD-PAH. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1271
Caveolins in vascular smooth muscle: Form organizing function
Authors: C HARDIN, J VALLEJO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Caveolae are becoming increasingly recognized as an important organizational structure for a variety of signal and energy-transducing systems in vascular smooth muscle (VSM). In this review, we discuss the emerging role of the caveolins in organizing and modulating the basic functions of smooth muscle: contraction, growth/proliferation, and the energetic support systems that support these functions. With clear alterations in cell metabolism and function in VSM with altered caveolin-1 (Cav-1) protein expression and with cardiovascular abnormalities associated with Cav-1 null mice, the caveolin family of proteins may play an important role in the function and dysfunction of VSM.
Propranolol and vagal nerve stimulation do not affect postsystolic shortening during acute myocardial ischaemia in the dog
Authors: G. G GEARY, R. M NORRIS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Changes in myocardial segment length (ultrasonic crystals) and myocardial blood flow (15(3) microns microspheres) were studied during 5 min occlusions of the left anterior descending coronary artery in open chest anaesthetised dogs, and the effects of occlusion without intervention were compared with those of occlusion during bilateral vagal nerve stimulation (n = 11) and occlusion after administration of 1 mg.kg-1 propranolol (n = 9) in the same dogs. Delineation of the perfusion beds of occluded and non-occluded arteries at necropsy verified placement of the crystals at the centres and immediately within the borders of the ischaemic areas. In untreated animals (n = 6) systolic shortening during occlusion decreased by 160(2)% (dyskinesis) in the centre zone and by 61(1)% (hypokinesis) in the border zone of ischaemia, myocardial blood flow decreased by 96(2)% in the centre and 81(2)% at the border, and the changes were reproducible over three successive occlusions. Postsystolic shortening (after peak decline of left ventricular pressure) was reproducible in control animals over three occlusions, was similar in magnitude to the magnitude of dyskinesis (centre zone) or to the degree of hypokinesis (border zone), and persisted after the release of occlusion. Vagal stimulation and propranolol decreased dyskinesis during occlusion but did not affect postsystolic shortening or collateral blood flow within the ischaemic zones. If postsystolic shortening of dyskinetic centre zone segments represents residual active shortening of these segments, as is suggested by other evidence, these results suggest that the oxygen sparing effects for very ischaemic myocardium of vagal stimulation and propranolol do not include a significant reduction in residual active shortening.
MORAL PROBLEMS OF ARTIFICIAL AND TRANSPLANTED ORGANS
Authors: IRVINE H. PAGE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Letters and Comments1 August 1964MORAL PROBLEMS OF ARTIFICIAL AND TRANSPLANTED ORGANSIRVINE H. PAGEIRVINE H. PAGESearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-2-355 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Just a note to say how much I enjoyed your editorial. Coming at the time that it did, it is particularly welcome. I was beginning to feel awfully lonesome out in left field. . . .... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland Clinic Cleveland, Ohio PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byLiving Donor Pancreas TransplantationTHE SELLING OF LIVE DONOR NEPHRECTOMY: THE OLD ECONOMY MEETS THE NEW ECONOMYDonor and Recipient SelectionDonor and Recipient SelectionBioethics in Clinical Medicine: Coming of AgeKidney Donation by a 7-Year-Old Identical Twin ChildThe Literature of Ethical Problems in Medicine—Part 3Psychiatric Aspects of Renal HomotransplantationCurrent status of chronic hemodialysisWhen is transplantation of organs feasible or practical?Human Tissue TransplantationLung Transplantation—Past, Present, and FutureEUGENE D. ROBIN, M.D., CARROLL E. CROSS, M.D.Medicine and the Quality of LifeJ. R. E.Medicine and the Fourth EstateJ. R. E.Hemodialysis for Chronic Renal Failure III. Medical, Moral and Ethical, and Socio-economic ProblemsGEORGE E. SCHREINER, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOHN F. MAHER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Hemodialysis for Chronic Renal FailureJ. R. E.Metabolic Basis for the Actions of Analogs of Purines and Pyrimidines 1 August 1964Volume 61, Issue 2Page: 355-363 Issue Published: 1 August 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...