tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased production of collagenin Vivo by hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis
Authors: Mario Chojkier, Kip D. Lyche, Michael Filip
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

We have shown, using the proline:ornithine dual label method, that in normal rats, hepatocytes contribute in vivo about 80 to 90% of the newly synthesized hepatic collagen. In order to quantify the contribution of hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells to collagen synthesis in vivo in hepatic fibrogenesis, rats with CCl 4 -induced liver fibrosis were given [5 3 H]proline and [ 14 C]ornithine intraperitoneally. About 80% of the 14 C in albumin and transferrin was present as arginine, following conversion of [ 14 C]ornithine via the urea cycle. In contrast to hepatocyte proteins, in nonparenchymal cells and serum a negligible percentage of the radioactivity was present as [ 14 C]arginine. These combined findings indicate that, in spite of the hepatocellular damage, the labeling of hepatocyte proteins was efficient and specific, validating the use of the proline:ornithine method in this experimental model of hepatic fibrosis. We calculated the [ 3 H]proline/[ 14 C]arginine ratio in hepatic collagen (after correcting for the relative frequencies of amino acids) as a percentage of the same ratio in either albumin or transferrin, the index hepatocyte proteins. In this experimental model, during active fibrogenesis, both hepatocytes and nonparenchymal cells increase their production of collagen 2-fold when compared to normal animals, and hepatocytes produce the majority of the newly synthesized hepatic collagen.
Strengthening Primary Care to Bolster the Health Care Safety Net
Authors: Christopher B. Forrest
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Philip Poole-Wilson
Authors: T. Treasure
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Cardiologist who advanced basic science and clinical practice

Philip Poole-Wilson was appointed in 1976 at the age of 33 to the National Heart Hospital as a senior lecturer and cardiologist. He was later involved in the merger of The Heart Hospital with the Brompton in Chelsea and the unification of the renamed National Heart and Lung Institute in 1988. The history of the specialist hospitals, institutes, and medical schools in London was characterised by closures and amalgamations during Philip’s professional lifetime.

In 1997 he was the first head of the division of heart and lung in the newly formed Imperial College School of Medicine. During this time of change at home he was also leading a reformation in the European Society of Cardiology and was its president from 1994-1996. In 2003 he became president of the World Heart Federation and involved himself in prevention of heart disease in the developing world. He was not considered a natural politician, but he could rise to the occasion with great effect.

Basic scientists knew a very different side. Philip engaged them with unrestrained enthusiasm, curiosity, intelligence, and an uncanny ability to ask the question that might redirect thought. He had a talent …
Rare Breast and Adrenal Gland Metastases From Small-Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of Uterine Cervix
Authors: Te-Chun Hsieh, Yu-Chin Wu, Shung-Shung Sun, Chun-Fan Yang, Kuo-Yang Yen, Ji-An Liang, Chia-Hung Kao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

A 46-year-old woman was initially diagnosed with rare small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of uterine cervix with regional lymph node metastases. She hesitated to undergo the suggested concurrent chemoradiation therapy and was lost to follow-up for 4 months. Then, a FDG PET/CT scan was requested for restaging her disease and disclosed other abnormal findings in the breast and adrenal gland that probably indicated malignancies. The following pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of rare breast and adrenal gland metastases from small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of uterine cervix.
The Use of Methyldopa in Schizophrenia: A Review and Comparative Study
Authors: J. C. PECKNOLD, J. V. ANANTH, T. A. BAN, H. E. LEHMANN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

Since methvldopa has been classified as a central nervous system depressant that produces tranquilization and reversible extrapyramidal symptoms, as well as reducing central amines, it has been suggested that it might have an antipsychotic potential. The authors' study showed a statistically significant deterioration in patients treated with methyldopa as compared with those treated with methotrimeprazine; however, five patients showed some improvement on methyldopa. It is suggested that methyldopa's lack of general antipsychotic activity is related to the reduced dopamine concentration in the brain instead of an increased turnover rate, which is characteristic of more effective neuroleptic drugs.
Violent Crime, Epilepsy, and Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Jan Volavka
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2011)

In this week's PLoS Medicine, Seena Fazel and colleagues report elevated risks for violent crime among patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) as well as among those with epilepsy, compared to general population controls [1].Among the major strengths of the study are the very large sample size, comprising the entire population of Sweden, and the follow-up of 35 years.The findings are of major public health importance and provide inspiration for further research.
Adverse Reactions with Factor VIII
Authors: WILLIAM G. HOCKING
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1978Adverse Reactions with Factor VIIIWILLIAM G. HOCKING, M.D.WILLIAM G. HOCKING, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-1-130_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Eyster and associates (1) have recently described their experience with adverse reactions to factor VIII infusions. They report a 19% incidence of adverse reactions after the infusion of factor VIII concentrates, with reactions ranging from fever and urticarial eruptions to anaphylactoid reactions. The authors state that "we now routinely issue antihistamines and prednisone as well as sublingual isoproterenal glossets to all hemophiliacs on home therapy." Although the authors do not advocate the prescribing of antihistamines for all hemophiliacs on home therapy, their letter implies that routine use of an antihistamine is indicated in these patients.I suggest...References1. EYSTERBOWMANHAVERSTICK MHJ: Adverse reactions to factor VIII infusions. Ann Intern Med 87:248, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar2. MILLSROBERTS DG: Membrane active drugs and the aggregation of human blood platelets. Nature 213:35-38, 1967 CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. KANESHIROMIELKEKASPER MCC: Bleeding time after aspirin in disorders of intrinsic clotting. N Engl J Med 281:1039-1042, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Hematology-Oncology Department of Medicine UCLA School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA 90024 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAnaphylactic reactions following infusion of factor VIII in a patient with classic hemophiliaBlood and blood products 1 January 1978Volume 88, Issue 1Page: 130-130KeywordsAdverse reactionsAntihistaminesFeversPatient advocacy Issue Published: 1 January 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Acute dystonic reaction caused by metoclopramide, versus tetanus
Authors: Kyra Dingli, Rhoda Morgan, Clifford Leen
Journal: BMJ (2007)

PracticeIf tetanus is suspected, take a complete drug history and administer procyclidine Although taking a travel history from patients returning from travelling abroad is important, occasionally it may be misleading.The ability to extract information that will help to establish the correct diagnosis remains the clinician's most important diagnostic tool. case reportA 28 year old woman presented to the accident and emergency department with tightness and twitching across the facial muscles, upwards rolling of the eyes with deviation of the head and gaze to the right, and stiffness of the neck muscles.The symptoms were associated with sweating and tachycardia at a rate of 130 beats/min.Further clinical examination and imaging were unremarkable.She had no history and no evidence of skin breaks or dental or ear infection.All the blood tests were normal, including the electrolytes, C reactive protein, and white cell count.The patient had returned from Kenya four weeks previously, where she had been on a safari holiday.Before going to Kenya, she had had all the necessary vaccinations and had started taking Malarone (proguanil with atovaquone) for malaria prophylaxis.Ten days before her presentation, she had had colicky left flank pain with nausea and vomiting.Her general practitioner prescribed trimethoprim followed by ciprofloxacin for a presumed urinary tract infection.She had no medical history of note.The patient was using oral contraception but had no clear history of further concomitant medication.She did not know her immunisation status for tetanus.We believed that the symptoms were consistent with tetanus, and after discussion with the infectious diseases specialist, diazepam, intravenous tetanus immunoglobulin, and metronidazole were administered.The patient was admitted to the high dependency unit for overnight observation, where her symptoms resolved completely one to two hours after receiving the specific immunoglobulin and diazepam.The next day, after transfer to the infectious diseases unit, it emerged that the patient had started taking metoclopramide the day before her presentation.
448. Suicide Gene-Mediated Conditional Ablation of Tumors Derived from Transplanted Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Juyeon Jung, Joanne Kim, Robert G. Pergolizzi, Ronald G. Crystal
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Based on their capacity for self-renewal and pluripotency, embryonic stem cells (ESC) are being developed as regenerative medicines, but transplantation protocols using differentiated ESC have been hindered by the fact that even small numbers of undifferentiated ESC within a transplant can lead to the development of teratomas. Within the limitations of current technology, it has not been possible to ensure that a population of differentiated ESC is entirely free of undifferentiated ESC. In this context, the safety profile of ESC transplants would be enhanced if uncontrolled cell growth could be suppressed using external stimuli. To address this issue, we hypothesized that gene transfer to the ESC of conditional elements that could kill the transduced cells if activated, would permit control of inappropriate outgrowth of ESC in vivo. To assess this strategy, we developed a replication-defective recombinant lentiviral gene transfer vector containing the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSVtk) gene (a suicide gene able to convert the nontoxic prodrug nucleotide analog ganciclovir (GCV) to a toxic form), an internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter, and used this vector to genetically modify murine ESC (CGR8 strain). Fluorescence microscopy and FACS analysis demonstrated that 100% of these cells were killed in the presence of GCV (50 |[mu]|M) in vitro. To assess the ability of the HSVtk suicide strategy to eliminate ESC outgrowth, cloned undifferentiated ESC (105 cells) carrying the HSVtk-IRES-GFP transgene were administered subcutaneously into SCID mice to induce teratomas. Teratoma formation was verified by the histological identification of primitive ectoderm, endoderm and mesoderm within the tumor mass. On day 14, when the tumor was 261|[plusmn]|52 mm3 in size, intra- peritoneal GCV administration was initiated and continued for 4 wk (30 mg/kg, twice per day), while a control group received no GCV. Reduction of tumor mass in the group receiving GCV was evident by 2 wk and the tumors were completely eliminated by 4 wk (10/10 treated, 0/3 untreated). Residual fibrous, fat and cartilage tissue were observed at the site of the tumor in the GCV group, but histologic analysis showed no live tumor cells. Mice followed after cessation of GCV treatment did not show any recurrence of tumor growth, suggesting that the tumor-forming cells were killed and not simply arrested. The HSVtk gene is small (1.3 kb) and the use of an IRES avoids the need for a separate promoter, leaving sufficient space for most transgenes. These data demonstrate that this strategy can be used to deliver a therapeutic gene with additional conditional genetic elements that can be activated to control undifferentiated ESC outgrowth and transduced ESC that have escaped growth control due to insertional mutagenesis associated with the use of integrating vectors.
Deletion of Stat3 in hematopoietic cells enhances thrombocytosis and shortens survival in a JAK2-V617F mouse model of MPN
Authors: Jean Grisouard, Takafumi Shimizu, Adrian Duek, Lucia Kubovcakova, Hui Hao-Shen, Stephan Dirnhofer, Radek C. Skoda
Journal: Blood (2015)
Quality of Care Issues in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Michael J. Leonardi, Marcia L. McGory, Clifford Y. Ko
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Colorectal cancer is a common, detectable, and treatable malignancy. Given the aging of the population, the number of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer will likely increase; thus, efforts to improve the quality and delivery of appropriate care to patients with colorectal cancer are needed. The overarching goal of this article is to summarize recent efforts to evaluate and improve the quality of colorectal cancer care through the use of selective referral, quality performance measures, and assessment of outcomes. First, we provide a framework for quality of care assessment, including a discussion of the structural, process, and outcome components of care for colorectal cancer. Second, we discuss the current level of assessment of colorectal cancer care quality, highlighting four potential targets for quality improvement: increased provider volume for colorectal cancer resection, process-based quality measures for colorectal cancer care (including measures specific to colorectal cancer surgery), data collection and feedback programs for colorectal cancer care, and evaluation of health-related quality of life in patients with colorectal cancer. Further research is needed to evaluate both the implementation and effectiveness of these quality improvement strategies for improving outcome in patients with colorectal cancer.
Positive and Negative Selection on Mammalian Y Chromosomes
Authors: Dave T. Gerrard, Dmitry A. Filatov
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

Y chromosomes are genetically degenerate in most organisms studied. The loss of genes from Y chromosomes is thought to be due to the inefficiency of purifying selection in nonrecombining regions, which leads to the accumulation of deleterious mutations via the processes of hitchhiking, background selection, and Muller's ratchet. As the severity of these processes depends on the number of functional genes linked together on the nonrecombining Y, it is not clear whether these processes are still at work on the old, gene-poor mammalian Y chromosomes. If purifying selection is indeed less efficient in the Y-linked, compared to the X-linked genes, deleterious nonsynonymous substitutions are expected to accumulate faster on the Y chromosome. However, positive selection on Y-linked genes could also increase the rate of amino acid–changing substitutions. Thus, the previous reports of an elevated nonsynonymous substitution rate in Y-linked genes are still open to interpretation. Here, we report evidence for positive selection in two out of three studied mammalian Y-linked genes, suggesting that adaptive Darwinian evolution may be common on mammalian Y chromosomes. Taking positive selection into account, we demonstrate that purifying selection is less efficient in mammalian Y-linked genes compared to their X-linked homologues, suggesting that these genes continue to degenerate.
The Phenomenon of Waiting Lists — Clinical and Legal Death — Hazards of Jogging
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

FOR many years one of the most intractable problems of the National Health Service (NHS) has been the long time that some patients may have to wait for hospital outpatient consultations and the further delay before operations can be performed on those requiring them.Consultants have sometimes been accused of encouraging long waiting lists to coax patients to seek private treatment; indeed, the elimination of such queue jumping has long been proclaimed as one of the major aims of the antagonists of private practice. But the reasons for long waiting lists are complex. Outpatient consultations depend on the availability of . . .
Identification of GATA3 as a Breast Cancer Prognostic Marker by Global Gene Expression Meta-analysis
Authors: Rohit Mehra, Sooryanarayana Varambally, Lei Ding, Ronglai Shen, Michael S. Sabel, Debashis Ghosh, Arul M. Chinnaiyan, Celina G. Kleer
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) is a transcriptional activator highly expressed by the luminal epithelial cells in the breast. Here we did a meta-analysis of the available breast cancer cDNA data sets on a cohort of 305 patients and found that GATA3 was one of the top genes with low expression in invasive carcinomas with poor clinical outcome. To validate its prognostic utility, we did a tissue microarray analysis on a cohort of 139 consecutive invasive carcinomas (n = 417 tissue samples) immunostained with a monoclonal antibody against GATA3. Low GATA3 expression was associated with higher histologic grade (P &amp;lt; 0.001), positive nodes (P = 0.002), larger tumor size (P = 0.03), negative estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for both), and HER2-neu overexpression (P = 0.03). Patients whose tumors expressed low GATA3 had significantly shorter overall and disease-free survival when compared with those whose tumors had high GATA3 levels. The hazard ratio of metastasis or recurrence according to the GATA3 status was 0.31 (95% confidence interval, 0.13-0.74; P = 0.009). Cox multivariate analysis showed that GATA3 had independent prognostic significance above and beyond conventional variables. Our data suggest that immunohistochemical analysis of GATA3 may be the basis for a new clinically applicable test to predict tumor recurrence early in the progression of breast cancer. (Cancer Res 2005; 65(24): 11259-64)
Epicardial and Endocardial Deformations in Discrimination of Nonobstructive Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy from Hypertensive Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
Authors: Atilla Koyuncu, Elif Eroglu, Gokhan Kahveci, Cuneyt Toprak, Alev Kilicgedik, Goksel Acar, Anil Avci, Serdar Fidan, Muhammet Tellice, Gokhan Alici, Birol Ozkan, Selcuk Pala, Ali Metin Esen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Altered cerebral vessel innervation in the spontaneously hypertensive rat.
Authors: T J Lee, A Saito
Journal: Circulation Research (1984)

Autonomic innervation in the cerebral arterial walls of adult male spontaneously hypertensive rats and of normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats was studied. When examined by fluorescence microscopy, dense catecholamine fluorescence was observed in anterior cerebral and middle cerebral arteries of both Wistar-Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats. However, vertebral and basilar arteries and small pial arteries of Wistar-Kyoto rats received extremely sparse or no catecholamine fluorescence, whereas, in the respective regions of spontaneously hypertensive rats, catecholamine fluorescence was found to be significantly elevated. The endogenous norepinephrine content was also higher in cerebral arteries of spontaneously hypertensive than of Wistar-Kyoto rats. When examined ultrastructurally (potassium permanganate fixation), the incidence of granular vesicle-containing nerves, indicative of sympathetic nerves, was found to be significantly elevated in all cerebral arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats examined. In contrast, the agranular vesicle-containing nerve, indicative of nonsympathetic nerves, with close synaptic cleft distance (less than 2 micron) was found to decrease or remain unchanged in the cerebral arteries of spontaneously hypertensive rats. These results suggest that cerebral sympathetic vasoconstriction may become more prominent than nonsympathetic vasodilation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. This finding lends further credence to the previous in vivo findings that cerebral sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves become more functional and exhibit a protective effect against brain lesions during hypertension. The potential roles of neurogenic components involved in cerebral blood flow autoregulation are also discussed.