tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exchanging Kidneys — Advances in Living-Donor Transplantation
Authors: Francis L Delmonico
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

This year marks the 50th anniversary of the first successful kidney transplantation from a living donor to his identical twin. Over the ensuing five decades, kidney transplantation has progressed from an experimental procedure to a widely accepted treatment for end-stage renal disease. The practice of kidney transplantation has also evolved remarkably, no longer depending on the unpredictable availability of a deceased organ donor; kidney transplantation from living donors has become the predominant approach. The superior outcomes of transplantation from living donors and the advent of laparoscopic nephrectomy (which carries minimal risk for healthy donors) have propelled this change in practice. . . .
The ACA's New Weapons against Health Care Fraud
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

Marshaling expanded financial resources, aggressive new legal authority, and rare bipartisan solidarity, the Obama administration is accelerating federal efforts to fight health care fraud, waste, and abuse that cost taxpayers and private insurers billions of dollars every year. Although the new forms of authority are granted by the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which Republicans unanimously opposed, most GOP legislators strongly support — and some even sponsored measures to enable1 — the more rigorous crackdown on illegal activities that plague Medicare, Medicaid, and private insurers. Under past policies, Congress and the executive branch “way, way, way” underspent on fighting health care . . .
Galactorrhea and Antipsychotic Agents-Reply
Authors: Henry P. Leis
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ABSTRACT In Reply.— I agree that antipsychotic agents do indeed cause galactorrhea in a fairly high proportion of patients. My suggestion was to stop these, if possible. If there is a definite indication for their continued use, then, of course, they should be continued. However, a high percentage of patients whom I see with galactorrhea are using these types of medication as tranquilizers and sedatives and have been able to discontinue their use without any adverse effects, and they have been most pleased with the cessation of their galactorrhea. If the medication is really needed, then of course, the patient should be reassured and kept on whatever therapy is required.
The Vice of In-Principlism and the Harmfulness of Love
Authors: John Danaher
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2013)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes Earp and colleagues’ (2013) stated aim is to analyze a best case scenario for intervention, then proceed from there to more problematic cases. Hence, their framework is not intended to identify the only circumstances in which interventions are permissible—just the most obvious ones. Disruption of the attachment mechanism is less readily available at the moment, as Earp and colleagues point out. Earp and colleagues are, of course, aware of these examples, which makes it all the more puzzling that they don't address them in their proposed ethical framework.
Coronary Angioplasty for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Eric J. Topol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Purpose: To critically review the role of coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. Data Identification: Studies published from January 1982 to June 1988 were identified through a search of the English-language literature using MEDLINE and thorough extensive hand searching of bibliographies of identified articles. Study Selection: All consecutive patient series and randomized trials of coronary angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction. Data Extraction: Demographic characteristics, technical results, clinical outcomes, and left ventricular function results were collated. Results of Data Synthesis: Three randomized trials have compared immediate and deferred coronary angioplasty after intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Immediate angioplasty was associated with increased mortality, increased need for emergency bypass surgery, higher transfusion requirement, and no benefit in terms of left ventricular functional recovery. Conclusions: The role of coronary angioplasty for myocardial infarction has thus far been established as adjunctive, in a delayed time frame after thrombolytic therapy. Coronary angioplasty has not been shown to reduce in-hospital mortality or improve resting left ventricular function. A deferred strategy has improved exercise left ventricular performance, and several follow-up studies suggest a favorable long-term prognosis.
Preferential Expression of Very Late Antigen-4 on Type 1 CTL Cells Plays a Critical Role in Trafficking into Central Nervous System Tumors
Authors: Kotaro Sasaki, Xinmei Zhu, Cecilia Vasquez, Fumihiko Nishimura, Jill E. Dusak, Jian Huang, Mitsugu Fujita, Amy Wesa, Douglas M. Potter, Paul R. Walker, Walter J. Storkus, Hideho Okada
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract We have previously shown preferential tumor-homing and therapeutic efficacy of adoptively transferred type 1 CTL (Tc1) when compared with type 2 CTL (Tc2) in mice bearing intracranial ovalbumin-transfected melanoma (M05). Further characterizing the expression of a panel of homing receptors on Tc1 and Tc2 cells, we found that very late antigen (VLA)-4 (a heterodimer of CD49d and CD29), but none of other receptors evaluated, was expressed at significantly higher levels on Tc1 cells than on Tc2 cells. Although CD49d (α4 integrin) can form heterodimers with both β1 (CD29) and β7 integrins, α4β7 complexes were not expressed by either Tc1 or Tc2 cells, suggesting that CD49d is solely expressed in VLA-4 complexes. VLA-4 expression on Tc2 cells was down-regulated in an interleukin (IL)-4 dose-dependent manner but not by other type 2 cytokines, such as IL-10 and IL-13, suggesting that IL-4 uniquely down-regulates VLA-4 expression on these cells. In accordance with the differential expression of VLA-4 on Tc1 versus Tc2 cells, Tc1 cells alone were competent to adhere to plate-bound VCAM-1-Ig fusion protein. Finally, the efficient trafficking of Tc1 cells into intracranial M05 lesions in vivo was efficiently blocked by administration of monoclonal antibodies against CD49d or VCAM-1 or small interfering RNA–mediated silencing of CD49d on Tc1 cells. Collectively, these data support the critical role of VLA-4 in the effective intracranial tumor homing of adoptive-transferred, antigen-specific Tc1 cells and suggest that more effective vaccine and/or ex vivo T-cell activation regimens may be developed by promoting the generation of VLA-4+ antitumor Tc1 cells. [Cancer Res 2007;67(13):6451–8]
C6-02: Prospective study assessing MDm2 309 and p53 Arg72Pro single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) and clinical outcome in advanced lung cancer
Authors: Giorgia Mandrile, Daniela F. Giachino, Silvia Novello, Paolo Ghio, Giovanni Selvaggi, Dario Gregori, Mario De Marchi, Giorgio V. Scagliotti
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Salt in the Diet
Authors: Jill Jin, Deborah Tolmach Sugerman
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Table salt is made up of a chemical compound called sodium chloride. The sodium portion of salt is responsible for its health concerns. High sodium intake is linked to high blood pressure, which is known to cause strokes and heart attacks. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans from the US government recommend that adults eat no more than 2300 milligrams (mg) of sodium a day—about 1 teaspoon of salt. Furthermore, for about half of all Americans—those aged 51 years or older, African Americans of any age, and people with high blood pressure, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease—the recommended maximum intake of sodium is 1500 mg a day. Currently, in spite of these recommendations, US adults consume an average of 3400 mg of sodium a day.
NEGATIVE EFFECT OF PROLONGED ADMINISTRATION OF OVARIAN SUBSTANCES IN HEMOPHILIA
Authors: RICHARD P. STETSON
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The attempt to treat hemophilia by ovarian extract is not new. As early as 1904, Grant<sup>1</sup>recorded clinical improvement in a patient with hemophilia following the administration of small amounts of an ovarian extract. Wright<sup>2</sup>in 1909, mentioning possible means of combating this inherited defect, skeptically commented on the possibility of administering ovarian extract to male bleeders "with a view of endowing them with the mysterious physiological advantage which, in bleeder families, attach to the female sex." In 1923 Hynek<sup>3</sup>suggested that the production of antithrombin was controlled by the internal secretions of the sex glands. He reported normal clotting of hemophilic blood following injection of corpus luteum. B. and M. Gonzalez-Alvarez<sup>4</sup>in 1925 and Samson-Himmelstjerna<sup>5</sup>in 1926 discussed the theoretical possibilities of treating hemophilia by ovarian extract. Neihans<sup>6</sup>in 1930 treated two hemophilic patients with ovarian implant and observed improvement following the implantation
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli causing diarrhoea in travellers returning to the United Kingdom.
Authors: R J Gross, S M Scotland, B Rowe
Journal: BMJ (1979)

the pathogenesis of meningococcal infections, where invasive disease correlates with the lack of meningococcal bactericidal activity2 because of the presence of blocking antibody.3Evidence for a similar phenomenon in the case of the gonococcus is supported by the finding that serum resistance, a characteristic of N gonorrhoeae in disseminated disease,4 is also related to the presence of blocking antibody.5Our data suggest that the gonococcus may transiently colonise the pharynx without causing complications.Since we cannot distinguish between patients who will spontaneously become culture-negative and those who will develop sequelae, withholding routine treatment does not appear to be warranted.Further studies are needed to define the factors that play a determinant part in the host-gonococcal interaction.
Bone marrow stromal cells prevent apoptosis of lymphoma cells by upregulation of anti-apoptotic proteins associated with activation of NF-κB (RelB/p52) in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cells
Authors: T Lwin, L A Hazlehurst, Z Li, S Dessureault, E Sotomayor, L C Moscinski, W S Dalton, J Tao
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
The Dilemma of Medicaid
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

This Health Policy Report discusses recent causes of stress on the Medicaid program. Over the past year, Medicaid has faced more severe fiscal constraints related to state budget crises throughout the country. The Bush administration has proposed restructuring Medicaid to give states more flexibility in the design of their individual programs and establishing caps on federal matching funds available to the states.
A National Renal Service?
Authors: A. A. Osman
Journal: BMJ (1944)

Abstract  Background  The Healthy Brain Network is an openly shared pediatric psychiatric biobank with a target of 10,000 participants between the ages of 5 and 21, inclusively In adding ecological actimetry to the Healthy Brain Network, we intend to use appropriate, accurate, reliable tools. Currently a wide range of personal activity trackers are commercially available, providing a wide variety of sensor configurations. For many of these devices, accelerometry provides the basis of measuring both physical activity and sleep with comparable derivative measures.  Results  In order to include an ecological biotracker in the Healthy Brain Network protocol, we first evaluated the specifications of a variety of actimeters available for purchase. We then acquired physical instances of 5 of these devices (ActiGraph wGT3X-BT, Empatica Embrace, Empatica E4, GENEActiv Original, and Wavelet Wristband) and wore each of them in our daily lives, annotating our activities and evaluating the reasonableness of the data from each device and the logistical affordances of each device.  Conclusions  We decided that the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT is the most appropriate device for inclusion in the Healthy Brain Network. However, none of the devices we evaluated was clearly superior or inferior to the rest; rather, each device seems to have use cases in which that device excels beyond the others.
Eradication of B-lineage cells and regression of lymphoma in a patient treated with autologous T cells genetically engineered to recognize CD19
Authors: James N. Kochenderfer, Wyndham H. Wilson, John E. Janik, Mark E. Dudley, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Steven A. Feldman, Irina Maric, Mark Raffeld, Debbie-Ann N. Nathan, Brock J. Lanier, Richard A. Morgan, Steven A. Rosenberg
Journal: Blood (2010)
Endothelial cell pathology as a marker for urticarial vasculitis: a light microscopic study
Authors: R.RUSSELL JONES, R.A.J. EADY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Various criteria have been used for the diagnosis of urticarial vasculitis, and for the classification of patients with chronic urticaria. In the present study, semithin Epon‐embedded sections were obtained from fifteen patients using a method of fixation optimal for the preservation and examination of the dermal microvasculature. This allowed patients to be classified according to the presence or absence of significant endothelial cell pathology. This feature proved a more reliable indicator of associated humoral abnormalities than the nature of the perivascular infiltrate as seen on paraffin‐embedded sections. Endothelial cell necrosis per se was a rare event and could not be used as a reliable criterion for the diagnosis of urticarial vasculitis. Most cases showed either endothelial hypertrophy or shrinkage.
Autophagy is required for stem cell mobilization by G-CSF
Authors: Lucie Leveque-El Mouttie, Therese Vu, Katie E. Lineburg, Rachel D. Kuns, Frederik O. Bagger, Bianca E. Teal, Mary Lor, Glen M. Boyle, Claudia Bruedigam, Justine D. Mintern, Geoffrey R. Hill, Kelli P. A. MacDonald, Steven W. Lane
Journal: Blood (2015)
Mechanism of Cardiovascular Action of Tetrodotoxin in the Cat
Authors: MAURICE B. FEINSTEIN, MARVE PAIMRE
Journal: Circulation Research (1968)

Tetrodotoxin given to cats in doses of 1 to 10 µg/kg iv caused profound cardiovascular depression characterized by decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressures, pulse pressure, heart rate, force of myocardial contraction, cardiac output and peripheral resistance. These effects were associated with marked inhibition of the responses to stimulation of nerves to the adrenal medulla and the sympathetic nerves to heart and blood vessels. Sinus bradycardia due to toxin did not occur after acute cardiac sympathetic denervation. In isolated sympathetic nerve-right atrium preparations, tetrodotoxin at 1 to 2 x 10 -8 g/ml abolished the positive inotropic and chronotropic responses to nerve stimulation without effect on spontaneous rate or force, or transmitter release by tyramine. Toxin-produced vasodilation in perfused hindlimbs was associated with marked inhibition of the normal vasoconstrictor responses to sympathetic vasomotor nerve stimulation. Vasodilation was not due to a direct action on vascular smooth muscle, since it was not seen after α-receptor blockade with phenoxybenzamine, after sympathetic denervation, or after blockade of adrenergic transmitter release by guanethidine or β-TM 10 accompanied by adrenalectomy. Vasodilators such as acetylcholine, histamine and isoproterenol consistently produced additional vasodilation under these conditions. The hypotensive effect of the toxin was also observed in spinal cats. It is concluded that the potent hypotensive action of tetrodotoxin, in the cat, is primarily due to blockade of conduction in peripheral sympathetic nerves and nerve fibers innervating the adrenal medulla.
Variations of Aberrant Ventricular Conduction in Man: Evidence of Isolated and Combined Block Within the Specialized Conduction System
Authors: STAFFORD I. COHEN, SUN H. LAU, EMANUEL STEIN, MELVIN W. YOUNG, ANTHONY N. DAMATO
Journal: Circulation (1968)

Aberrant ventricular conduction (AbC) was produced in 52 subjects, including 14 normal volunteers, by the introduction of atrial premature beats through a transvenous catheter electrode. Simultaneous standard electrocardiograms and vectorcardiogams permitted detailed analysis of configuration. Multiple patterns of AbC were produced in 29 of 52 subjects. The general categories and their frequency were as follows: right bundle-branch block without significant axis shift from control, 31; right bundle-branch block with left axis deviation, 27; left axis deviation, 14; inferior axis deviation, six; right bundle-branch block with inferior axis deviation, seven; and complete left bundle-branch block, six. These patterns were believed to depend on the location of isolated or combined functional block in the major pathways of the specialized conduction system, which include the right bundle branch, common left bundle branch, anterior division of the left bundle branch, and posterior division of the left bundle branch. The present study has documented the general varieties of AbC, their relevance to clinical cardiology, and the varieties most likely to cause diagnostic difficulty.
Using the Berlin Questionnaire To Identify Patients at Risk for the Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Authors: Nikolaus C. Netzer, Riccardo A. Stoohs, Cordula M. Netzer, Kathryn Clark, Kingman P. Strohl
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Although sleep apnea is common, it often goes undiagnosed in primary care encounters. Objective: To test the Berlin Questionnaire as a means of identifying patients with sleep apnea. Design: Survey followed by portable, unattended sleep studies in a subset of patients. Setting: Five primary care sites in Cleveland, Ohio. Patients: 744 adults (of 1008 surveyed [74%]), of whom 100 underwent sleep studies. Measurements: Survey items addressed the presence and frequency of snoring behavior, waketime sleepiness or fatigue, and history of obesity or hypertension. Patients with persistent and frequent symptoms in any two of these three domains were considered to be at high risk for sleep apnea. Portable sleep monitoring was conducted to measure the number of respiratory events per hour in bed (respiratory disturbance index [RDI]). Results: Questions about symptoms demonstrated internal consistency (Cronbach correlations, 0.86 to 0.92). Of the 744 respondents, 279 (37.5%) were in a high-risk group that was defined a priori. For the 100 patients who underwent sleep studies, risk grouping was useful in prediction of the RDI. For example, being in the high-risk group predicted an RDI greater than 5 with a sensitivity of 0.86, a specificity of 0.77, a positive predictive value of 0.89, and a likelihood ratio of 3.79. Conclusion: The Berlin Questionnaire provides a means of identifying patients who are likely to have sleep apnea.
867 HIGHER PRETREATMENT HCV-SPECIFIC CD4+ AND CD8+ T CELLS IN PATIENTS WITH A RAPID VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE AFTER PEGINTERFERON- ALPHA-2A/RIBAVIRIN THERAPY BUT NOT AT WEEK 12 OF THERAPY
Authors: J.E. Arends, N.M. Nanlohy, I.M. Hoepelman, D. van Baarle
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Reframing Gun Violence
Authors: Robert N. Stevenson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 August 1998Reframing Gun ViolenceRobert N. Stevenson, MDRobert N. Stevenson, MDFort Worth, TX 76109Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-4-199808150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Davidoff's editorial [1] proposed “reframing” gun-related violence as a public health issue. Those who read it should consider the following points.Handling gun violence as a public health problem is doomed to failure. Unlike alcoholism or domestic violence, which are common across all socioeconomic classes, gun violence is overwhelmingly related to poverty and its associated ills. Most gun violence stems from the illicit drug trade and youth gangs. The lure of easy money or peer support from gangs is irresistible to the children of poverty and dysfunctional families.The illegal drug trade nets billions of dollars ...References1. Davidoff F. Reframing gun violence [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:234-5. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Robert N. Stevenson, MDAffiliations: Fort Worth, TX 76109 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1998Volume 129, Issue 4Page: 337KeywordsAdolescentsChildrenDeath ratesDrugsFirearm injuriesGraduate medical educationHomicidePrevention, policy, and public healthSuicideViolent crime ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 August 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Receptor targeted polymers, dendrimers, liposomes: Which nanocarrier is the most efficient for tumor-specific treatment and imaging?
Authors: Maha Saad, Olga B. Garbuzenko, Elizabeth Ber, Pooja Chandna, Jayant J. Khandare, Vitaly P. Pozharov, Tamara Minko
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
The Rathcoole experiment: first year at a hostel for vagrant alcoholics.
Authors: T. Cook, H. G. Morgan, B. Pollak
Journal: BMJ (1968)

At the present time the vagrant alcoholic in this country is subject to repeated arrest and short-term imprisonment for drunkenness and allied offences. It is not difficult to find men who have had more than 100 short prison sentences. Unfor tunately, there seem to be few facilities for attempting more constructive rehabilitation. Rathcoole House was established in an attempt to show that there can be a more humane yet effective way of dealing with the Skid Row problem. There were two sources of financial help. Firstly, a grant provided by the Carnegie Trust, and, secondly, the grant paid by the Home Office for people living in aftercare hostels. The hostel is situated in the densely populated South London suburb of Clapham. In January 1966, when Rathcoole was first rented from the Greater London Council for the purpose of setting up a hostel, it was a derelict eight-roomed Victorian private house scheduled for demolition. Four months later the house had been decorated and fully furnished, mainly by the efforts of various voluntary organiza tions. The warden then took up residence and no difficulty was experienced in finding the full complement of vagrant alcoholics. The house thus began to function fully during the summer of 1966 under the general guidance of a management committee which included social workers, probation officers, and psychiatrists.
The Detection of a Choledochal Cyst by Combined Grey-Scale Ultrasound and 131 I Rose Bengal Scintigraphy
Authors: STEVEN HARWOOD, NOEL ZUSMER, RICHARD ROBBINS, ALDO SERAFINI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

From the Department of Radiology, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Mount Sinai Medical Center and University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami Beach, Florida and Department of Nuclear Medicine, Birmingham Veteran's Administration Hospital Birmingham, Alabama