tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P079: Sugar-Sweetened Soda Consumption is Associated with Shorter Leukocyte Telomere Length among Healthy Adults
Authors: Cindy W Leung, Barbara A Laraia, Belinda L Needham, David H Rehkopf, Nancy E Adler, Elissa S Epel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is linked to increased risks of metabolic disease, but the biological mechanisms underlying this association are still under investigation. Leukocyte telomere length maintenance underlies healthy cellular aging, and may provide a link between SSB consumption and risk of disease. Given the known effects of SSBs on oxidative stress and insulin resistance, we examined the associations between sugar-sweetened beverage, diet soda, and fruit juice consumption, and leukocyte telomere length in 5,309 healthy adults with no prior history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease, using data from the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Surveys (NHANES). We hypothesized that beverages with high sugar content would be most detrimental to cellular aging. Leukocyte telomere length was assayed from DNA specimens collected from adult NHANES participants. Diet was assessed using 24-hour dietary recalls. Because 24-hour dietary recalls may not accurately reflect long-term intake, the National Cancer Institute statistical method was used to estimate usual dietary intake. After adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behavior, physical activity, dietary quality, and body mass index (BMI), each 8-ounce daily serving of sugar-sweetened sodas was associated with shorter telomeres (β=-0.010, 95% CI -0.019, -0.001), roughly equivalent to 1.8 additional years of aging. Twenty-one percent of study participants consumed ≥20 ounces of sugar-sweetened soda a day, translating into approximately 4.4 additional years of aging for heavy soda drinkers. No significant associations were observed between consumption of diet sodas, non-carbonated SSBs, or 100% fruit juice and telomere length. In conclusion, regular consumption of sugar-sweetened sodas was associated with shorter telomeres in a nationally representative sample of healthy, nonelderly adults independent of BMI and other individual characteristics. These results suggest that SSBs may influence metabolic disease development through accelerated cell aging. Although more research is needed to confirm these associations, these findings strengthen the rationale for limiting the consumption of SSBs.
p21<sup>Waf1/cip1</sup>expression
Authors: J.L. Rees
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article p21Waf1/cip1 expression Get access J.L. Rees J.L. Rees Department of Dermatology. Royal Victoria Infirmary. Newcastle upon Tyne. NE1 4LP. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 5, 1 May 1997, Page 803, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb03686.x Published: 01 May 1997
Discovery of a potent, highly selective Tie-2 kinase inhibitor demonstrating in vivo efficacy, based on a novel pyridyl triazine scaffold.
Authors: Brian Hodous, Stephanie Geuns-Meyer, Vinod Patel, Brian Albrecht, Victor Cee, Stuart Chaffee, Rebecca Johnson, Philip Olivieri, Paul Tempest, Paul Hughes, Joseph Kim, Steve Bellon, Sean Caenepeel, Ling Wang, Jim Bready, Angela Coxon, Rick Kendall, Tony Polverino, Maurice Emery, Jenne Fretland, Doug Hoffman, Sesha Neervannan, Paul Rose, Alex Long, Michael Morrison
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5549 

Inhibition of angiogenesis is a promising and clinically validated approach for limiting tumor cell growth and survival. The receptor tyrosine kinase Tie-2 is expressed almost exclusively in the vascular endothelium and is required for developmental angiogenesis and vessel maturation. However, the significance of Tie-2 signaling in tumor angiogenesis is not fully understood. In order to explore the therapeutic utility of Tie-2 inhibition we developed a series of potent and orally bioavailable small molecule Tie-2 kinase inhibitors with selectivity over other kinases critical for tumor angiogenesis. A pyridyl triazine-based inhibitor exhibited >30-fold selectivity, good oral exposure, and in vivo inhibition of Tie-2 autophosphorylation. With the aid of X-ray co-crystal structures, hypotheses about the origin of selectivity over VEGFR-2 and other kinases can begin to be formulated. Classical heterocyclic chemistry and palladium-catalyzed reactions were utilized to rapidly modify this modular scaffold. The identification of potent and highly selective Tie-2 inhibitors with activity in vivo has provided a unique tool to assess the role of Tie-2 signaling in tumor angiogenesis.
Abstract 14921: Quantitative Upright/Supine High-Speed Myocardial Perfusion Imaging: Correlation with Invasive Coronary Angiography
Authors: Ryo Nakazato, Balaji K Tamarappoo, Xingping Kang, Sean W Hayes, Louise E Thomson, John D Friedman, Daniel S Berman, Piotr J Slomka
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: A novel camera system (Spectrum-Dynamics, Israel) for high-speed single-photon emission computed tomography (HS-SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) shows excellent correlation with conventional SPECT. Our goal was to test the diagnostic accuracy of a new automated quantification of combined upright and supine myocardial SPECT for detection of coronary artery disease (CAD) (≥70% stenosis) in comparison to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). Methods: We studied 142 patients undergoing upright and supine HS-SPECT, including 56 consecutive patients (63% males; mean age 64; 45% exercise stress) without known CAD who had diagnostic ICA within 6 months of HS-SPECT and 86 consecutive patients with a low likelihood (LLk) of CAD. Normal limits for upright and supine HS-SPECT were created from studies of patients with a LLk of CAD. Automated software adopted from supine/prone analysis was used to quantify the severity and extent of perfusion abnormality and was expressed as total perfusion deficit...
934. Comparing Two Modalities of Myocardial Gene Delivery: Percutaneous Retrograde Coronary Venous Delivery and Intramyocardial Injection
Authors: Eyas Al-Shaykh Youssef, Ping Zhang, Pamela Rogers, Patrice Tremble, Joe Rokovich, Brian Johnstone, Keith L. March, Dongming Hou
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Inhibits the Antiinflammatory Effects of Glucocorticoids via Glucocorticoid‐Induced Leucine Zipper
Authors: Huapeng Fan, Wenping Kao, Yuan H. Yang, Ran Gu, James Harris, Günter Fingerle‐Rowson, Richard Bucala, Devi Ngo, Elaine Beaulieu, Eric F. Morand
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Glucocorticoids remain a mainstay in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Dose-dependent adverse effects highlight the need for therapies that regulate glucocorticoid sensitivity to enable dosage reduction. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a proinflammatory protein that has been implicated in the pathogenesis of RA; it impairs glucocorticoid sensitivity via MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP-1) inhibition. The intracellular protein glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) mimics the effects of glucocorticoids in models of RA, but whether it represents a target for the modulation of glucocorticoid sensitivity remains unknown. We undertook this study to investigate whether GILZ is involved in the regulation of glucocorticoid sensitivity by MIF.GILZ expression was studied in the presence and absence of MIF, and the role of GILZ in the MIF-dependent regulation of the glucocorticoid sensitivity mediator MKP-1 was studied at the level of expression and function.GILZ expression was significantly inhibited by endogenous MIF, both basally and during responses to glucocorticoid treatment. The effects of MIF on GILZ were dependent on the expression and Akt-induced nuclear translocation of the transcription factor FoxO3A. GILZ was shown to regulate the expression of MKP-1 and consequent MAPK phosphorylation and cytokine release.MIF exerts its effects on MKP-1 expression and MAPK activity through inhibitory effects on GILZ. These findings suggest a previously unsuspected interaction between MIF and GILZ and identify GILZ as a potential target for the therapeutic regulation of glucocorticoid sensitivity.
Tenofovir‐associated Fanconi syndrome and nephrotic syndrome in a patient with chronic hepatitis B monoinfection
Authors: Hyeon Seok Hwang, Cheol Whee Park, Myeong Jun Song
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is widely used as an effective first‐line therapy for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection. While TDF demonstrates successful viral suppression, it has been linked to the development of renal proximal tubular (PT) dysfunction, leading to Fanconi syndrome. However, Fanconi syndrome has been rarely reported in CHB‐monoinfected patients, and there were no reports of TDF‐associated nephrotic syndrome. Here, we report a case of combined Fanconi and nephrotic syndrome in CHB patients after TDF exposure. (H epatology 2015;62:1318‐1320)
Abstract 17269: Extracelllular Protein Disulfide Isomerase Reshapes Vascular Architecture Against Constrictive Remodeling
Authors: Haniel A Araujo, Leonardo Y Tanaka, Gustavo K Hironaka, Thais L Araujo, Celso K Takimura, Andres I Rodriguez, Pedro A Lemos-Neto, Paulo S Gutierrez, Francisco R Laurindo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Vascular remodeling orchestrates a complex network of signaling pathways responsible for pathological changes in many vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis. We investigated the role of endoplasmic reticulum chaperone Protein Disulfide Isomerase (PDI) and the extracellular PDI (ecPDI) pool in vascular caliber and architecture during vascular repair and remodeling after injury (AI). METHODS AND RESULTS: After rabbit iliac artery balloon injury, PDI is markedly increased at mRNA and protein levels (25-fold vs. basal 14 days AI), with increase in both intracellular and ecPDI. Silencing PDI by siRNA in vitro induced ER stress markers upregulation and apoptosis (assessed by TUNEL assay). PDI knockdown also upregulated proliferation marker PCNA and decreased differentiation marker calponin-C. Furthermore, ecPDI inhibition prevents injury-increased hydrogen peroxide generation and decreases arterial nitrate (NO3-) level. EcPDI neutralization in vivo with PDIAb-containing perivascular gel from days 12-14AI promoted 25% decrease in vascular caliber at arteriography and similar decreases in total vessel circumference at optical coherence tomography, without changing neointima, indicating increased constrictive remodeling. EcPDI neutralization promoted striking changes in collagen, with switch from circumferential to radial fiber orientation towards a more rigid fiber type. Collagen type I and III were decreased after ecPDI inhibition in arteries 14 days AI. Cytoskeleton architecture was also disrupted, with loss of stress fiber coherent organization and switch from thin to medium-thickness actin fibers. In human coronary atheromas, PDI expression inversely correlated with constrictive remodeling. There was decreased PDI expression in media and intima from plaques exhibiting constrictive remodeling and, conversely, enhanced PDI expression in media of plaques depicting outward remodeling. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, PDI is highly upregulated after injury and reshapes matrix and cytoskeleton architecture to support an anticonstrictive remodeling effect. Such findings suggest an important role for PDI in lumen maintenance during vascular remodeling.
Commentary: A clinical challenge
Authors: Robert Logan
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Several learning points arise from Mr Neville's case.1 The most important relates to the diagnostic approach when we are challenged with pieces of a clinical puzzle that do not neatly fit together.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease usually poses few diagnostic challenges, especially when there is a good symptomatic response to empirical anti-secretory therapy. However, in this case, Mr Neville's poor response to treatment and persistent symptoms led to further investigation and several protracted stays in hospital. The normal oesophageal manometry …
Long-term prediction of major ischemic events by exercise thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography
Authors: Pierre-Yves Marie, Nicolas Danchin, Jean F. Durand, Luc Feldmann, Alain Grentzinger, Pierre Olivier, Gilles Karcher, Yves Juilliére, Jean M. Virion, Daniel Beurrier, François Cherrier, Alain Bertrand
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Infopoints: Whisking research into the classroom
Authors: R. E Laporte, A. Sekikawa, E. Sa, F. Linkov, M. Lovalekar
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Whisking research into the classroomThe marriage between research and teaching has been loving.Information from the laboratory is translated to the classroom to increase the wisdom of future generations.Conversely, students' questions sharpen our research.Disappointingly, the information flow from research to class is meandering.In one pathway, research results are re-written in books and then included in lectures.This is characteristic of undergraduate training.In a second route, faculties create their own lectures directly from the original articles, as in graduate teaching.Both approaches have worked well, but they are now ill equipped to handle the speed and quantity of scientific developments.Research and teaching are growing distant.The lack of progress is seen by contrasting research 150 years ago with that today.John Snow in 1854 characterised cholera in London; the results were published a year later, and by 1856 the information was in undergraduate curriculums-only two years after the original epidemic. 1In contrast, research completed in 2002 may not be seen in classrooms for more than five years.Another problem with producing lectures from original research literature is the information explosion.A typical introductory course for students has 30 topics, and it is impossible for a faculty to keep up with developments in five of these subjects, let alone 30.Students do not receive state of the art lectures.A knowledge speedway is needed to pass information from research to classroom (and return feedback to the scientists).The internet would be its backbone, and one such method is a free, shareware system called the Supercourse, which provides lecture courses on epidemiology and the internet for students in medicine and health related subjects. 2Scientists put these web lectures in a library on the website, and currently 4700 faculty members from 141 countries have contributed 473 lectures.Similar models could be developed for any discipline.Scientific journals on the web could create a
Clarithromycin overcomes resistance to lenalidomide and dexamethasone in multiple myeloma
Authors: Nilanjan Ghosh, Noah Tucker, Marianna Zahurak, Jocelyn Wozney, Ivan Borrello, Carol Ann Huff
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

The combination of clarithromycin, lenalidomide and dexamethasone (BiRd) has led to highly durable responses in newly diagnosed myeloma. However, the ability of clarithromycin to overcome resistance to lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) is not known. To study this, we performed a retrospective analysis of 24 patients with myeloma for which clarithromycin was added to Rd at the time of progression on Rd. The median number of prior therapies was 3 (range 1-8). The best response was complete response (CR) in one (4.2%), very good partial response (VGPR) in one (4.2%) and partial response in eight (33.3%) patients. Ten patients, 41.7% (95% CI: 22.1, 63.4), achieved ≥PR. The median time to response was 4.4 months (range 1-13.6 months) and the median duration of response was 6.9 months (range 3-52.2 months). The clinical benefit rate (CR + VGPR + PR + MR) was 45.8% (95% CI 25.6, 67.2). The median progression-free survival was 4 months. Median overall survival was 25 months with a median follow-up of 27.5 months. The regimen was well tolerated and only 2 patients needed a clarithromycin dose reduction. Addition of clarithromycin to Rd can overcome resistance to Rd in a subset of patients and lead to durable clinical responses.
Reducing Risks to Health, Promoting Healthy Life
Authors: Gro Harlem Brundtland
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A new device for ocular surgical training on enucleated eyes11No authors, including Giovanni Porrello and Andrea Giudiceandrea, who hold patent-pending rights, have a commercial interest in marketing this ocular surgical system.
Authors: Giovanni Porrello, Andrea Giudiceandrea, Tommaso Salgarello, Ciro Tamburrelli, Luigi Scullica
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
682. New Histidylated Cationic Lipids for DNA-and mRNA- Based Lipofection
Authors: Valluripalli Vinod Kumar, Rajkumar Sunil Singh, Christine Gonçalves, Pierre Sandrin, Chantal Pichon, Patrick Midoux, Arabinda Chaudhuri
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Plasmid delivery into the cytosol remains one of the limiting factor to achieve efficient transfection. We have previously demonstrated that the presence of endosome-disrupting multiple histidine functionalities in the molecular architecture of cationic polymers significantly enhances their gene delivery efficiencies. We designed and synthesized two novel non-glycerol and a cholesterol based histidylated cationic amphiphiles containing a single histidine head group. Physico-chemical characteristics of all the novel liposomes and lipoplexes including lipid:DNA interactions, global surface charge, sizes, etc. were evaluated. We found that L-histidine-(N,N-di-n-hexadecylamine)ethylamide (lipid 1) and L-Histidine(N,N-di-n-hexadecylamine, N-methyl)ethylamide (lipid 2) in combination with cholesterol and Cholesteryl-L-Histidine-Ethylamide (lipid 3) in combinaison with DOPE gave efficient DNA and mRNA transfections into various cell lines. DNA transfection efficiency into A549, 293T7 and HeLa cells of Chol/lipid 1 lipoplexes was similar with that of FuGENE6 and DC-Chol lipoplexes but was two order of magnitude higher in HepG2 cells. Membrane fusion activity measurements using FRET technique showed that the histidine head-groups of Chol/lipid 1 liposomes mediated membrane fusion in the pH range 5–7. By using the cytosolic luciferase expression vector (pT7Luc) under the control of the bacterial T7 promoter, we showed that the release of DNA from the endosomally trapped lipoplexes to the cytosol is acidic dependent and presumably mediated by the imidazole ring protonation of histidine head group of these cationic amphiphiles. A better efficiency was obtained with Chol/lipid 2 lipoplexes than with Chol/lipid 1 lipoplexes when using the cytosolic luciferase expression vector. As anticipated, transfection efficiency of Lipid 3 was greatly inhibited in the presence of Bafilomycin A1. By contrast, endosome escape of DNA with a new cholesterol based cationic lipid containing no histidine head-group (Alanine-Cholesteryl-Ethylamide; lipid 4) seemed to be independent of endosome acidification. However, transfection efficacy of lipids 3 & 4 was similar. In conclusion, we show that covalent grafting of a single histidine amino acid residue to suitable twin-chain hydrophobic compounds or cholesterol is sufficient to impart remarkable transfection properties on the resulting cationic amphiphile via endosome-disrupting characteristics of the histidine functionalities Figure 1
Improving the mental health of Asian Americans: Depends on training primary care clinicians and educating the community
Authors: Henry Chung, Gavin Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2003)

From BMJ USA 2002;November:601 

Asian Americans suffer a disproportionate burden of disability from mental illness. Yet compared to whites they have less access to mental health services, receive poorer quality mental health care, and are under-represented in mental health research.1 The September 2002 issue of the Western Journal of Medicine (http://www.ewjm.com/) looked at ways of improving the mental health care of this fast growing minority group.

One of the problems in looking at the evidence on the mental health of Asian Americans is that the term “Asian American” includes at least 43 different ethnic groups, which have their origins in countries as diverse as China, Japan, Laos, India, and the Philippines. Therefore, the conclusions drawn from analyses using “Asian American” as a single ethnic category may be very different from those made when specific ethnic groups are examined.

Nevertheless, the available data suggest that the burden of mental health distress is high among Asian Americans. Community studies using mental disorder symptom scales show that Asian Americans have a higher prevalence of symptoms compared to whites.2 In a survey of a random sample of Chinese Americans in Los Angeles, using a standard diagnostic interview, 7% reported that they had experienced neurasthenia.3 This syndrome of persistent and distressing fatigue is considered …
Comparison of two cohorts of inpatients with Influenza A during 2009 and 2013
Authors: Adrian Ceccato, Mariano Fielli, Elsa Oshiro, Liliana Aguilar, Graciela Cabral, Marcelo Villaverde, Alejandra Gonzalez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The first pandemic of the century was caused in 2009 by Influenza virus H1N1. Despite after pandemic there have been cases caused by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, this has not been the predominant virus.  During 2013 an increase of cases caused by Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was observed, becoming the most common subtype.  We aimed to compare the cases produced by Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in 2013 with 2009.  Methods: A comparative analysis of two cohorts of inpatients adults with Influenza A H1N1pdm09 during 2009 and 2013.  Results: Three hundred and three inpatients were attended with Influenza in 2009 and 84 in 2013. In 2013 the patients were older them 2009, had more comorbidities  . The mortality in 2013 was higher in general ward, though did not in intensive care unit.  Conclusions: A change in epidemiology in patients affected by Influenza A H1N1 was observed. Requirements of ICU and mortality in 2013 was higher.