tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution Associated with Blood Pressure and Self-Reported Hypertension in a Danish Cohort
Authors: Mette Sørensen, Barbara Hoffmann, Martin Hvidberg, Matthias Ketzel, Steen Solvang Jensen, Zorana Jovanovic Andersen, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Short-term exposure to air pollution has been associated with changes in blood pressure (BP) and emergency department visits for hypertension, but little is known about the effects of long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution on BP and hypertension.We studied whether long-term exposure to air pollution is associated with BP and hypertension.In 1993-1997, 57,053 participants 50-64 years of age were enrolled in a population-based cohort study. Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP, respectively) were measured at enrollment. Self-reported incident hypertension during a mean follow-up of 5.3 years was assessed by questionnaire. We used a validated dispersion model to estimate residential long-term nitrogen oxides (NO(x)), a marker of traffic-related air pollution, for the 1- and 5-year periods prior to enrollment and before a diagnosis of hypertension. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of associations between air pollution and BP at enrollment with linear regression, adjusting for traffic noise, measured short-term NO(x), temperature, relative humidity, and potential lifestyle confounders (n = 44,436). We analyzed incident hypertension with Cox regression, adjusting for traffic noise and potential confounders.A doubling of NO(x) exposure during 1- and 5-year periods preceding enrollment was associated with 0.53-mmHg decreases [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.88, -0.19 mmHg] and 0.50-mmHg decreases (95% CI: -0.84, -0.16 mmHg) in SBP, respectively. Long-term exposure also was associated with a lower prevalence of baseline self-reported hypertension (per doubling of 5-year mean NO(x): odds ratio = 0.96; 95% CI: 0.91, 1.00), whereas long-term NO(x) exposure was not associated with incident self-reported hypertension during follow-up.Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution was associated with a slightly lower prevalence of BP at baseline, but was not associated with incident hypertension.
An unusual presentation of herpes simplex esophagitis: a nonhealing “peptic” ulcer
Authors: A. Robertson, L. Dunn, A. Immanuel, S. Griffin
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

A 58-year-old man presented with progressive dysphagia, odynophagia, and heartburn. Past history included diabetes mellitus and asthma. Current medications included oral and inhaled corticosteroids. Examination was unremarkable. Blood investigations were normal. Barium swallow demonstrated reflux esophagitis. Endoscopy revealed circumferential ulceration and a hiatus hernia. Biopsy demonstrated an esophageal ulcer and esophagitis with no evidence of malignancy. Despite high-dose treatment with proton pump inhibitors (PPI), ulceration persisted. CT scan and endoscopic ultrasonography showed a diffuse thick-walled proximal esophagus but no typical appearances of carcinoma. Regular endoscopies over 2 years consistently revealed a suspicious circumferential ulcer from 22 to 25 cm ([Fig. 1]).
Chemotherapy Effectiveness After First-Line Gefitinib Treatment for Advanced Lepidic Predominant Adenocarcinoma (Formerly Advanced Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma): Exploratory Analysis of the IFCT-0401 Trial
Authors: Michaël Duruisseaux, Laurence Baudrin, Elisabeth Quoix, Marie Wislez, Denis Moro-Sibilot, Daniel Coëtmeur, Isabelle Monnet, Pierre Mourlanette, Jean-François Morère, Jean-Charles Soria, Virginie Westeel, Franck Morin, Jacques Cadranel
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
ON–LABEL AND OFF–LABEL USE OF TRANSCATHETER HEART VALVES IN INOPERABLE AORTIC STENOSIS PATIENTS: EARLY CLINICAL EXPERIENCE IN THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Conrad Macon, Joel Lardizabal, Brian O'Neill, Claudia Martinez, Carlos Alfonso, Donald Williams, William O'Neill, Alan Heldman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Research Frontiers in Fertility Regulation
Authors: Alvin F. Goldfarb
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This book represents the transactions of an international workshop on family planning. As the title implies, the past, present, and future of research in fertility regulation were reviewed. As in so many books that represent transactions of meetings, the writing styles vary, and a sense of continuity of authorship may be difficult to perceive.  However, the developers of the conference, who served as authors of the book, did attempt to develop thematic continuity. This book is one in a series sponsored by the Program for Applied Research on Fertility Regulation. The book is divided into six subject areas, which range from the evaluation of new contraceptives to contraceptive research as it relates to family-planning programs.  There is an excellent summation of current research efforts in the area of male fertility control, which describes all the approaches, both pharmacologic and endocrinologic, including difficulties. It becomes apparent that research in male fertility
Correction Facility TB Rates Soar; Some Jails Bring Back Chest Roentgenograms
Authors: Andrew A. Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

COOK COUNTY JAIL in Chicago, Ill, has reintroduced chest x-ray screening of inmates to control the spread of tuberculosis (TB), and this may signal a trend. In any case, health care authorities at the Chicago correctional facility are recommending that other large jails and prisons, especially those whose populations come primarily from urban areas, return to chest x-ray screening to stop the current resurgence of TB (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:174-175 and 1992;268:855-856; and<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3249-3253). Since 1985, there have been 11 known TB outbreaks in prisons in eight states. In one of these outbreaks, 13 inmates and one correctional officer died of multidrug-resistant TB. These epidemics are occurring even where inmates are being screened on admission with purified protein derivative (PPD) tuberculin skin tests, as recommended by current Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, Ga) guidelines, says Michael Puisis, DO, acting medical director of Cermak Health Services, Chicago, a department
A Target Lesion of the Thyroid
Authors: ALBERT J. ALTER, ROLAND J. VEGA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

An asymptomatic thyroid nodule appearing as a cold nodule with a central focus of activity (a target) on an I-123 thyroid gamma camera image was pathologically proven to be a 2-cm degenerative cyst containing a polypoid mass of thyroid tissue all within an adenomatous nodule.
BACTERIOSTATIC EFFECT OF HUMAN SERA ON GROUP A STREPTOCOCCI
Authors: Sidney Rothbard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1945)

1. Type-specific M extracts and group-specific C carbohydrate of group A streptococci inhibited bacteriostasis of these microorganisms in the presence of normal whole blood and of sera from patients convalescent from streptococcal infections. The inhibition was not specific with respect to streptococcal types and depended merely on the formation of precipitates in the system. The extracts had no antagonistic action in themselves. 2. Preformed precipitates derived from the interaction of an antigen and its homologous antibody or from finely divided coagulated particles of human plasma or ascitic fluid also interfered with the bacteriostasis. The supernatant fluid in which one of these precipitates was formed did not inhibit bacteriostatic activity; therefore, it seems that other possible products of the antigen-antibody reaction were not inhibitory. The relative size of the precipitate particles was a conditioning factor since small particles of one precipitate inhibited bacteriostasis, but large ones of the same precipitate failed to do so. 3. Stained films of blood cells treated with antigen-antibody mixtures which formed a precipitate revealed large cytoplasmic vacuoles containing precipitates in the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and monocytes; such engorged cells subsequently failed to phagocytize streptococci in homologous serum. Blood cells treated in the same manner, except that the antigen-antibody mixtures formed no precipitate, contained no vacuoles, and these cells were able to phagocytize the streptococci. 4. Leukocytes studied in the living state in the presence of colored precipitate and streptococci sensitized by convalescent human serum showed unselective phagocytosis of both precipitate and bacteria. The capacity of these leukocytes to ingest material however was limited. 5. As a result of non-selective saturation of their phagocytic capacity in the bacteriostatic systems containing both streptococci and precipitate, the limited number of leukocytes phagocytized only a fraction of the streptococci; consequently the remainder were able to multiply.
Adherence to Diets for Weight Loss—Reply
Authors: Sherry Pagoto, Bradley M. Appelhans
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EVIDENCE THAT PATIENTS WITH ADDISON'S DISEASE ARE UNDERTREATED WITH FLUDROCORTISONE
Authors: StephenJ. Smith, NirmalaD. Markandu, RichardA. Banks, Peter Dorrington-Ward, GrahamA. Macgregor, John Bayliss, MalcolmG. Prentice, Peter Wise
Journal: The Lancet (1984)
Mefenamic Acid for Dysmenorrhea
Authors: John M. Dorman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

To the Editor.—  I think that Penny W. Budoff, MD (242:2394, 1979), in reply to Souney et al (242:2393, 1979) casts unnecessary aspersions on the Medical Letter  1 they referred to, calling it behind the times. Indeed, the issue quoted by Souney et al was from 1972. A  recent review would have yielded the discussion from Oct 5, 1979, calling mefenamic acid more effective than aspirin for treatment of dysmenorrhea, but larger comparative trials than those published so far are needed to prove the point. The safety of long-term intermittent use of these agents has not been established.  Contrary to Budoff's opinion, I have always found the Medical Letter extremely germane on current issues as well as finding it maintains an objective opinion on new trends in drug use.
Thrombin Facilitation of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Activation in Human Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Caroline Pinet, Bruno Le Grand, Gareth W. John, Alain Coulombe
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— Thrombin plays a role in mediating ischemic injury and cardiac arrhythmias, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Because voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) have not previously been considered, putative effects of thrombin on VGSC function were investigated in human isolated cardiomyocytes. Methods and Results— Sodium current (I Na ) was recorded by the whole-cell patch-clamp method. Thrombin increased peak I Na amplitude in an activity-dependent manner, from 1 to 100 U/mL, with an apparent EC 50 of 91±16 U/mL. When tested at 32 U/mL, thrombin-increased I Na was abolished by tetrodotoxin (50 μmol/L). Thrombin effects on I Na were reversible and repeatable, and 100 U/mL doubled peak I Na amplitude. Thrombin (32 U/mL) shifted I Na activation to hyperpolarized potentials without affecting steady-state inactivation, producing unusually large increases in window current. Hirudin (320 U/mL) or haloenol lactone suicide substrate (10 μmol/L) failed to significantly affect these effects of thrombin. In current-clamped cardiomyocytes, thrombin (32 U/mL) depolarized resting membrane potential by 10 mV. Conclusions— Facilitation of VGSC activation causing large increases in window current is a major mechanism by which thrombin may promote ischemic sodium loading and injury.
Acidic colonic microclimate--possible reason for false negative hydrogen breath tests.
Authors: H Vogelsang, P Ferenci, S Frotz, S Meryn, A Gangl
Journal: Gut (1988)

About 5% of normal subjects fail to produce increased hydrogen breath concentration after ingestion of the non-digestible carbohydrate lactulose (low hydrogen producers). The existence of low hydrogen producers limits the diagnostic use of hydrogen (H2) breath tests. We studied the effects of lactulose and of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) pretreatment on stool-pH and on hydrogen exhalation after oral loading with lactulose or lactose in 17 hydrogen producers and 12 low hydrogen producers. In seven hydrogen producers acidification of stool pH by lactulose pretreatment (20 g tid) decreased hydrogen exhalation and three of seven (43%) became low hydrogen producers. In contrast, after pretreatment of eight low hydrogen producers with magnesium sulphate (5 g twice daily) all eight produced hydrogen after a lactulose load. Similarly four lactose intolerant low hydrogen producers had abnormal lactose hydrogen breath tests after MgSO4 pretreatment. MgSO4 pretreatment neither resulted in false positive lactose hydrogen breath tests in five lactose tolerant hydrogen producers, nor increased the hydrogen exhalation in five additional hydrogen producing controls after ingestion of lactulose. The results of these studies confirm that hydrogen production from lactulose decreases when the colonic pH is lower (lactulose pretreatment), and increases when colonic pH is higher (MgSO4 pretreatment). In low hydrogen producers the lacking increase of H2 exhalation after ingestion of non-digestible carbohydrates can be overcome by MgSO4 pretreatment, thus increasing the sensitivity of the test by avoiding false negative hydrogen breath tests in low hydrogen producers with disaccharide malabsorption or maldigestion. The underlying mechanism of this remarkable effect of MgSO4 pretreatment warrants further investigation.
Evaluation of single plane angiography for left ventricular volume in the intact dog1
Authors: LAMBERTO G. BENTIVOGLIO, ANGEL J. CUESTA, LEE D. GRIFFITH, MARIA GECZY
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Technique and errors of quantitative single plane ventriculography (SPV), and the methods of Dodge and Sandler (Dodge et al, 1962; Sandler and Dodge, 1968) and Greene et al (1967) for determining left ventricular (LV) volume by SPV were evaluated in the intact dog. Stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output () by ventriculography were compared with those obtained by the Fick and dye dilution methods, and their combination. The end-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV) corrected by appropriate regression equations, the SV (SV = EDV − ESV), and the ejection fraction (EF) were: Dodge and Sandler, 2.26. 1.35, 0.91 ml/kg, and 0.42; Greene et al, 2.41, 1.50, 0.91 ml/kg, and 0.39. Using adequate methods, accurate correction for x-ray image magnification, and the appropriate regression equations the standard error of LV volume calculation by single plane radiography, due to unavoidable technical inaccuracies, should not exceed 10% for a single measurement and 5% for the average of two or more successive cardiac cycles. The systematic overestimation of LV volume inherent in ventriculography, and caused by the addition of contrast medium, should not exceed 5% of the true value.
Allergenic Elements in Spandex Garments
Authors: Alexander A. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  Tanenbaum ( 200 : 899, 1967) reported a case of dermatitis due to a spandex brassiere in a woman with allergic hypersensitivity to mercaptobenzothiazole. Dickey has reported similar instances in women in whom allergic contact dermatitis developed due to wearing stretch brassieres of spandex fibers (Duraspan) which contain mercaptobenzothiazole. 1 I have also documented such cases. 2   Not all spandex fibers contain mercaptobenzothiazole. Lycra, Vyrene, Numa, and Blue C are spandex fibers which contain no mercaptobenzothiazole. Brassieres and foundation garments manufactured from such spandex fibers may be safely worn by individuals with allergic hypersensitivity to either mercaptobenzothiazole or rubber.  My studies have shown that mercaptobenzothiazole is a common and potent sensitizer and is the principal cause of allergic hypersensitivity to rubber wearing apparel. 3   The individual with allergic hypersensitivity to rubber wearing apparel must not only substitute mercaptobenzothiazole-free spandex garments, but must also be certain to obtain spandex brassieres
Ischemic preconditioning reduces unloaded myocardial oxygen consumption in an in-vivo sheep model
Authors: Y Tanoue
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Ischemic preconditioning (IP) describes the adaptation of the myocardium to ischemic stress preceded by short periods of ischemia and reperfusion. However, its cardioprotective mechanisms are not completely understood. We assessed the effect of IP on ventricular energetics in an in-vivo sheep model.IP was performed in six sheep by three 5 min aortic cross-clamping periods interspersed with 5 min of reperfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass and with six sheep as time-matched controls. Global myocardial ischemia was subsequently achieved by 30 min aortic cross-clamping with left ventricular unloading during normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass was performed 40 min after reperfusion. At baseline, after treatment (IP or time-matched cardiopulmonary bypass), and up to 100 min after reperfusion, left ventricular pressure-volume loops were measured using a conductance catheter during a right heart bypass preparation. Contractility, diastolic function, and ventriculo-arterial coupling were evaluated. Ventricular energetics [the relation between myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO(2)) and systolic pressure-volume area (PVA)] was also evaluated. A right heart bypass was instituted to control the preload and to decompress the right ventricle completely, thereby eliminating parallel conductance variation and minimizing the contribution of the right ventricle to MVO(2).IP reduced unloaded MVO(2) (PVA-independent MVO(2)). Contractility, diastolic function, and ventriculo-arterial coupling in the IP group were better preserved than in the control group after ischemia-reperfusion.IP reduces unloaded MVO(2), and preserves contractility, diastolic function, and ventriculo-arterial coupling after 30 min global myocardial ischemia in an in-vivo sheep model.
Cell-sheet technology combined with a thienoindazole derivative small compound TD-198946 for cartilage regeneration
Authors: Fumiko Yano, Hironori Hojo, Shinsuke Ohba, Taku Saito, Muneki Honnami, Manabu Mochizuki, Tsuyoshi Takato, Hiroshi Kawaguchi, Ung-il Chung
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Correction: The Connexional Dimension of Medical Care
Authors: Anthony L. Suchman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 July 1988Correction: The Connexional Dimension of Medical CareAnthony L. Suchman, MD, Dale A. Matthews, MDAnthony L. Suchman, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Dale A. Matthews, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-2-173_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:In our article (1), Dr. Arthur Kleinman's termempathic witnessingwas misprinted asemphatic witnessing. We regret the inadvertent association of Dr. Kleinman's name with a less lovely phrase....Reference1. Suchman A and Matthews D. What makes the doctor-patient relationship therapeutic: exploring the connexional dimension of medical care. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:125-30. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Anthony L. Suchman, MD; Dale A. Matthews, MDAffiliations: Highland Hospital of Rochester Rochester, NY 14620 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1988Volume 109, Issue 2Page: 173-173KeywordsEmotions ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 July 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Right Bundle-Branch Block
Authors: JANET DICKENS, VLADIR MARANHAO, HARRY GOLDBERG
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Confusion still exists regarding the differentiation between right bundle-branch block and right ventricular hypertrophy. Study of patients after open-heart surgery was helpful in this problem because postoperative changes in electrocardiograms and vectorcardiograms were clearly due to traumatic disturbance of the right bundle branch and not to right ventricular hypertrophy.
A Comparative Study of Nitroglycerin and Propranolol
Authors: ERWIN ROBIN, CHARLES COWAN, PRITPAL PURI, SUNILENDU GANGULY, EMILE DEBOYRIE, MILA MARTINEZ, THOMAS STOCK, RICHARD J. BING
Journal: Circulation (1967)

The action of sublingual nitroglycerin (0.6 mg) and intravenous propranolol (0.1 mg/kg) on shortening of right ventricular fibers was investigated in patients with and without coronary artery disease. This was accomplished with a newly devised strain gauge catheter. Hemodynamic parameters and changes in the oxidation-reduction potential of heart muscle were determined. Nitroglycerin results in decrease in shortening and velocity of shortening of ventricular fibers, heart rate, left ventricular end-diastolic and systemic pressure, dp/dt, tension-time index, stroke index, peripheral resistance, and left ventricular minute work in normal and arteriosclerotic subjects. Intravenous propranolol leads to a fall in velocity of shortening of myocardial fibers, heart rate, dp/dt, stroke index, and left ventricular minute work. However, there is an increase in tension-time index and peripheral resistance with no change in systemic pressure. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure rises significantly in arteriosclerotic patients. The myocardial oxidation-reduction potential increases after nitroglycerin whereas it falls after propranolol in normal and arteriosclerotic patients.
Pritikin vs AHA diet: no difference for peripheral vascular disease
Authors: Milan Korcok
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Among the claims being made on behalf of the Pritikin program, which combines a high-fiber, lowfat diet with exercise, is that it can produce dramatic regressions of atheroma in persons with peripheral vascular disease. Such claims have occasionally been spiced up with stories of octogenarians entering and winning sprints and road races and leaving behind all symptoms of angina, congestive heart failure, and claudication. But a recent study carried out at the University of Alberta in Edmonton and reported at the meeting of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons in Toronto has shown that a group of Pritikin regimen adherents achieved no greater health benefit for their efforts than did disciples of the more moderate American Heart Association (AHA) diet combined with exercise. In particular, there was no improvement of blood flow in their limbs. Furthermore, because of the restrictions on fat and protein intake, there is some concern