tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
What about independent sector treatment centres?
Authors: A. M Pollock, S. Godden, G. Kirkwood
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Cooper and colleagues have ignored the government’s £5 billion independent sector treatment centre (ISTC) programme in explaining the narrowing of the gap in waiting times across social classes.1 2 3 Patients attending such centres are routine and straightforward elective cases—that is, without complications and co-morbidities—and …
Lehrbuch und Atlas der Augenheilkunde.
Authors: Theodor Axenfeld, Hans Pau
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract B36: The effects of dasatinib in KIT L579P and NRAS Q61K mutant canine melanoma cells
Authors: Lu-Ping Lu, Chen-Si Lin, Albert Taiching Liao
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Malignant melanoma is a common malignant tumor in dog. It is a fatal disease with local invasiveness and frequently metastatic propensity and the poor response has been observed. The aim of this study was to establish the drug-screening platform and used that platform to evaluate small molecular inhibitor, Dasatinib, for therapy of canine melanoma. Experimental Design: Various phenotypes of eight canine melanoma cell lines, CM01, M1, M3, M4, M5, Pu, C1 and KMeC, were examined in this study. Mutation analysis of kit, Nras and Braf was done by PCR/DNA sequencing. Expression of S100, KIT and KIT downstream signaling cascades NRAS, phospho-ERK and phospho-AKT were evaluated by immunocytochemistry. KMeC, M5 and CM01 cell lines were selected for further evaluation of Dasatinib. Proliferation assay and wound healing assay were performed to assess cell viability and motility in the presence of dasatinib. Cell cycle analysis and Annexin V apoptosis assay were also applied to realize the mechanism of cell death caused by Dasatinib. Results: Expressions of S100 and KIT were observed in all of the cell lines. NRAS and activated ERK were identified in several cell lines with different expression levels. However, no activated AKT was identified in any cell lines. kit T1736C mutation causing KIT L579P change was detected in M3, KMeC and C1 cells, while Nras C181A mutation causing NRAS Q61K change was found in M5 cell. ERK activity in KMeC (KIT L579P), M5 (NRAS Q61K) and CM01 (KIT &amp; NRAS wild type) cells was down-regulated when Dasatinib was administered. Dasatinib reduced cell viability with the IC50 values of 0.64 μM in KMeC, 0.24 μM in M5 and 0.37 μM in CM01 cells. In wound healing assay, Dasatinib inhibited cell motility in all of the three cell lines. Cell cycle analysis and Annexin V apoptosis assay revealed that the treatment of Dasatinib causes a G1 cell cycle arrest and induction of apoptosis. The analysis of Dasatinib caused signaling change in canine melanoma cell is ongoing. Conclusions: Various phenotypes of eight canine melanoma cell lines were identified in DNA and protein levels. The NRAS Q61K mutation was first found in canine melanoma. The results showed that KIT L579P mutant type, NRAS Q61K mutant type and wild type canine melanoma cells are sensitive to the treatment of Dasatinib. It caused the reduction of cell viability, and inhibition of motility, moreover, the promotion of G1 cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. Dasatinib may potentially be selected as a candidate for therapy of canine melanoma. Citation Format: Lu-Ping Lu, Chen-Si Lin, Albert Taiching Liao. The effects of dasatinib in KIT L579P and NRAS Q61K mutant canine melanoma cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B36.
The Effect of Darapladib on Plasma Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 Activity and Cardiovascular Biomarkers in Patients With Stable Coronary Heart Disease or Coronary Heart Disease Risk Equivalent
Authors: Emile R. Mohler, Christie M. Ballantyne, Michael H. Davidson, Markolf Hanefeld, Luis M. Ruilope, Joel L. Johnson, Andrew Zalewski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Psychological Medicine. A Manual on Mental Diseases for Practitioners and Students.
Authors: Maurice Craig
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Immunodeficiency and severe susceptibility to bacterial infection associated with a loss-of-function homozygous mutation of MKL1
Authors: Julien Record, Dessislava Malinova, Helen L. Zenner, Vincent Plagnol, Karolin Nowak, Farhatullah Syed, Gerben Bouma, James Curtis, Kimberly Gilmour, Catherine Cale, Scott Hackett, Guillaume Charras, Dale Moulding, Sergey Nejentsev, Adrian J. Thrasher, Siobhan O. Burns
Journal: Blood (2015)
Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and alpha-fetoprotein predict prognosis of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Taro Yamashita, Azusa Kitao, Osamu Matsui, Takehiro Hayashi, Kouki Nio, Mitsumasa Kondo, Naoki Ohno, Tosiaki Miyati, Hikari Okada, Tatsuya Yamashita, Eishiro Mizukoshi, Masao Honda, Yasuni Nakanuma, Hiroyuki Takamura, Tetsuo Ohta, Yasunari Nakamoto, Masakazu Yamamoto, Tadatoshi Takayama, Shigeki Arii, XinWei Wang, Shuichi Kaneko
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

The survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is often individually different even after surgery for early-stage tumors. Gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced recently to evaluate hepatic lesions with regard to vascularity and the activity of the organic anion transporter OATP1B3. Here we report that Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) in combination with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) status reflects the stem/maturational status of HCC with distinct biology and prognostic information. Gd-EOB-DTPA uptake in the hepatobiliary phase was observed in ˜15% of HCCs. This uptake correlated with low serum AFP levels, maintenance of hepatocyte function with the up-regulation of OATP1B3 and HNF4A expression, and good prognosis. By contrast, HCC showing reduced Gd-EOB-DTPA uptake with high serum AFP levels was associated with poor prognosis and the activation of the oncogene FOXM1 . Knockdown of HNF4A in HCC cells showing Gd-EOB-DTPA uptake resulted in the increased expression of AFP and FOXM1 and the loss of OATP1B3 expression accompanied by morphological changes, enhanced tumorigenesis, and loss of Gd-EOB-DTPA uptake in vivo . HCC classification based on EOB-MRI and serum AFP levels predicted overall survival in a single-institution cohort (n = 70), and its prognostic utility was validated independently in a multi-institution cohort of early-stage HCCs (n = 109). Conclusion : This noninvasive classification system is molecularly based on the stem/maturation status of HCCs and can be incorporated into current staging practices to improve management algorithms, especially in the early stage of disease. (Hepatology 2014;60:1674–1685)
Asbestos in Play Sand
Authors: A M Langer, R P Nolan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

A letter in the New England Journal of Medicine (Oct. 2 issue) stated that a carbonate sand marketed in New Jersey was contaminated with 2 to 4 percent tremolite asbestos. The authors were called on by one of the federal agencies to repeat the analysis of this sand, specifically for its asbestos content. The sand was pulverized and immersed in oils with known refractive indexes, and the predominant amphibole was characterized by polarized light microscopy. The optical characteristics were noted, and the indexes of refraction were measured and found to be consistent with tremolite. On the basis of optical characterization, the authors concluded that all the tremolite visualized with light microscopy consisted of large, single cleavage fragments and was not asbestiform. They used the technique of x-ray diffraction, as did the author of the original report, which showed the presence of an amphibole mineral (probably tremolite) in the carbonate sand. The technique was not used, and cannot be used, to distinguish between the tremolite habits (asbestiform or nonasbestiform). An acid-insoluble residue, recovered from the carbonate sand, was examined by analytic electron microscopy. The tremolite grains were observed to consist of single untwinned, crystalline fragments. Few defects were noted. Selected areamore » electron diffraction nets were indicative of fragments lying near or at the common amphibole cleavage plane. These characteristics are consistent with cleavage fragments and not asbestos. Aspect ratios reflected short particles (less than 5.1). On the basis of their examination of the carbonate play sand, they conclude that it did not contain tremolite asbestos.« less
Physician Specialty Board Certification
Authors: Peter L. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ARIA‐suggested drugs for allergic rhinitis: what impact on quality of life? A GA<sup>2</sup>LEN Review
Authors: I. Baiardini, F. Braido, F. Tarantini, A. Porcu, S. Bonini, P.‐J. Bousquet, T. Zuberbier, P. Demoly, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Allergic diseases constitute a global health problem, as they have an increasing economic and social impact and, especially, they can deeply interfere with the patients’ daily life, being a cause of physical and emotional discomfort. This is why the health‐related quality‐of‐life (HRQoL) has become increasingly important in health care research; in fact, the assessment of the impact the disease and its treatment have on patients, provides a more comprehensive approach in outcome evaluation. Numerous validated questionnaires are available and many studies have been performed evaluating HRQoL in people affected by allergic rhinitis (AR), thus testifying a great interest in this topic. The aims of the present review are: to examine the scientific literature of the last 3 years dealing with the impact of AR treatments suggested by allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma guidelines on patients’ QoL, and to identify the unexplored or not‐fully‐investigated areas concerning this issue.
Getting research findings into practice: Decision analysis and the implementation of research findings
Authors: R J Lilford, S G Pauker, D A Braunholtz, J. Chard
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This is the sixth in a series of eight articles analysing the gap between research and practice

Series editors: Andrew Haines and Anna Donald

Evidence based medicine is more than just reading the results of research and applying those results to patients because patients have particular features that may make them different from the “average” patient studied in a clinical trial.1There are two types of differences. The first type of differences comprise those that affect probability (for example, the probability that treatments will have the same absolute or relative effects as those measured in the trial). The second type of differences comprise those values (or utilities) that affect how much of a side effect a person is prepared to trade off against the positive advantages of treatment.

Thus it is necessary for doctors to relate the results from a trial to their particular patient. Health professionals usually do this intuitively, but formal decision analysis provides an intellectual framework for developing an explicit decision making algorithm which can be criticised and improved. Although, currently, time constraints make it unrealistic to conduct a separate decision analysis for each patient, computer programs may soon help overcome this problem. It is, however, feasible for decision analyses to be done for categories of patients with similar clinical features and personal utilities. The results of such generic decision analyses provide a sound basis for developing clinical guidelines. Decision analysis thus provides a rational means of allowing health professionals to move from finding evidence to implementing it.

### Summary points

Decision analysis reconciles evidence based medicine with patients'preferences

Decision analysis uses Bayesian probabilities together with values assignedto different outcomes to determine the best course of action

Although it is currently unrealistic to do a separate decision analysis foreach patient, computer programs may soon overcome this problem

In the …
Retinoic acid stimulates erythropoietin gene transcription in embryonal carcinoma cells through the direct repeat of a steroid/thyroid hormone receptor response element half-site in the hypoxia-response enhancer
Authors: Taiho Kambe, Junko Tada-Kambe, Yoshihiro Kuge, Yuko Yamaguchi-Iwai, Masaya Nagao, Ryuzo Sasaki
Journal: Blood (2000)
Premium Subsidy Scenarios Under Obamacare
Authors: Cynthia Cox, Larry Levitt, Jamie Firth, Anne Jankiewicz, David Rousseau
Journal: JAMA (2013)

This month’s Visualizing Health Policy shows 3 scenarios that illustrate the cost of health insurance under the Affordable Care Act for families in different circumstances, both before and after premium subsidies (in the form of a tax credit).
Investigation and management of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 associated with duck eggs, Ireland 2009 to 2011
Authors: P Garvey, P McKeown, P Kelly, M Cormican, W Anderson, A Flack, S Barron, N De Lappe, J Buckley, C Cosgrove, D Molloy, J O’Connor, P O’Sullivan, J Matthews, M Ward, A Breslin, M B O’Sullivan, K Kelleher, A McNamara, C Foley-Nolan, H Pelly, F Cloak, Collective Outbreak control team
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 was a very rare cause of human illness in Ireland between 2000 and 2008, with only four human isolates from three patients being identified. Over a 19-month period between August 2009 and February 2011, 34 confirmed cases and one probable case of Salmonella Typhimurium DT8 were detected, all of which had an MLVA pattern 2-10-NA-12-212 or a closely related pattern. The epidemiological investigations strongly supported a linkbetween illness and exposure to duck eggs. Moreover, S. Typhimurium with an MLVA pattern indistinguishable (or closely related) to the isolates from human cases, was identified in 22 commercial and backyard duck flocks, twelve of which were linked with known human cases. A range of control measures were taken at farm level, and advice was provided to consumers on the hygienic handling and cooking of duck eggs. Although no definitive link was established with a concurrent duck egg-related outbreak of S. Typhimurium DT8 in the United Kingdom, it seems likely that the two events were related. It may be appropriate for other countries with a tradition of consuming duck eggs to consider the need for measures to reduce the risk of similar outbreaks.
Chemopreventive potential of silibinin on early urethane-induced lung lesions in A/J mice
Authors: Kumaraguruparan Ramasamy, Alpna tyagi, Elizabeth Redente, Rana Singh, Lori Nield, Alvin Malkinson, Rajesh Agarwal
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

3062 

Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality, is a complex malignancy developing from multiple pre-neoplastic pathways. Recent efforts to control the incidence as well as the progression of early lesions of lung cancer have mainly focused on effective chemoprevention strategies. Silibinin, a flavonoid isolated from Silybum marianum, has cancer chemopreventive effects in a wide range of cancers including lung cancer. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of dietary silibinin on urethane-induced microscopic pulmonary adenomas in A/J mice and associated biological and molecular events including tumor growth, cell proliferation [proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cyclin D1], apoptosis [terminal deoxunucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-nick-end labeling (TUNEL)], macrophage infiltration (F4/80) and macrophage activation state (arginase I/M2 and iNOS/M1) as mechanistic biomarkers. Male A/J mice (6 wks of age) were divided into 5 groups. Mice in all groups were injected with urethane (1 mg/g body weight) and fed AIN 76A diet for 6 wks. Thereafter, mice in groups 2-5 were fed diet containing 0.33% or 1% silibinin (wt/wt) for 48 hrs (groups 2 and 3) or 96 hrs (groups 4 and 5), respectively. These silibinin doses were based on earlier studies showing its strong efficacy against various cancers in mouse models without causing any toxicity. After sacrifice, lungs were formalin fixed and paraffin embedded. Serial sections were prepared, stained with HE P <0.01) in group 5 (1% Sb for 96 hrs) mice compared to group 1 (urethane alone) mice. Silibinin also significantly reduced the number of PCNA- (27%; P <0.01) and cyclin D1-(24%; P <0.05) positive cells in group 5 mice (1% Sb for 96 hrs) compared to group 1 (urethane alone). This inhibitory effect was modest in other silibinin groups (group 2 to 4). 1% silibinin treatment for 96 hrs also reduced the number of lung macrophages (27%; P <0.05), but has no significant effect was observed on macrophage activation as determined by arginase I (M2) and iNOS (M1) staining. No significant changes were observed in the number of apoptotic cells in any group (2-5) as compared to urethane alone (group 1), suggesting that silibinin does not induce apoptosis in these treatment doses and time periods. Together, our findings suggest that dietary silibinin treatment reduces the pulmonary microadenomas by inhibiting their proliferation and by reducing the number of infiltrating macrophages. Dietary silibinin may be useful in preventing the development of preneoplastic pulmonary lesions.
Controversies in the public health approach to keratinocyte carcinomas
Authors: M.A. Weinstock
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Keratinocyte carcinomas are very common cancers in fair‐skinned populations throughout the world. The term 'keratinocyte carcinoma' includes basal and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, but not other cancers that may be included under the more ambiguous term 'nonmelanoma skin cancer'. Incidence and mortality are important for assessing impact and recent research suggests that these cancers are increasing in incidence in young adults. There is evidence to suggest that this trend may be due, in part, to the popularity of ultraviolet exposures in commercial tanning facilities. Mortality from keratinocyte carcinoma reveals distinct patterns suggestive of an important role of human papilloma virus infection. Ultimately, our aim is to reduce mortality and morbidity from these cancers, and to that end several large‐scale trials of public health interventions have been conducted that may help point the way forward.