tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A CASE OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA WITH LIVER INFILTRATION AND A LOW PROTHROMBIN PURPURA
Authors: John A. Schindler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Case Reports1 July 1943A CASE OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA WITH LIVER INFILTRATION AND A LOW PROTHROMBIN PURPURAJOHN A. SCHINDLER, M.S., M.D., F.A.C.P.JOHN A. SCHINDLER, M.S., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-1-140 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis case of multiple myeloma is being reported because of certain features that are rarely reported in the literature on multiple myeloma.1 In half the cases of multiple myeloma the soft tissues, particularly the liver, spleen, and kidneys are invaded by the typical round cells closely resembling plasma cells and having little or no intercellular substance.2 The case presented demonstrates such invasion and a resulting liver damage of such advanced degree as to give rise to most of the symptoms and signs the patient presented, most notably a purpura initiated by a low blood prothrombin.Case ReportW. K., aged...Bibliography1. MALLORY TB: Case records of the Massachusetts General Hospital, Case No. 22502, New England Jr. Med., 1936, ccxv, 1132. Google Scholar2. BATTS M: Multiple myeloma. Review of forty cases, Arch. Surg., 1939, xxxix, 807-823. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. GESCHICKTERCOPELAND CFMM: Tumors of the bone, Revised Ed., New York. Am. Jr. Cancer, 1936. Google Scholar4. PATEKCASTLE AJWC: Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1936, cxci, 788. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. GESCHICKTERCOPELAND CFMM: Am. Jr. Cancer, 1936. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Monroe, Wisconsin*Received for publication May 24, 1941. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOphthalmological Complications of Multiple MyelomatosisDie Krankheiten der Leber und der Gallenwege 1 July 1943Volume 19, Issue 1Page: 140-143KeywordsBlood cellsBlood plasmaCellsKidneysLiverMultiple myelomaPlasma cellsSigns and symptomsSoft tissuesSpleen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 19063: Mechanistic Comparison of “Nearly-Missed” versus “On-Target” Rotor Ablation
Authors: Uma Mahesh R Avula, Masatoshi Yamazaki, Haruo Honjo, Omer Berenfeld, José Jalife, Itsuo Kodama, Kaichiro Kamiya, Jérôme Kalifa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Recently, electrogram-based ablation strategies aiming at reentrant atrial fibrillation (AF) sources have demonstrated substantial efficacy. Still, the mechanisms by which these strategies modulate AF dynamics are unknown. Objective: Here, we employed advanced optical mapping approaches to examine AF dynamics before and after two distinct electrogram-based ablation strategies: highest dominant frequency sites/rotor ablation (DFmax/rotor, “on-target”); and complex fractionated atrial electrograms ablation (CFAE, “nearly-missed”). Methods: We implemented a high-resolution optical mapping set-up that enabled simultaneous epicardial and endoscopy guided endocardial recordings in Langendorff-perfused sheep hearts. After inducing AF in the presence of continuous perfusion of acetylcholine (ACh), we recorded optical movies from the left atrial free wall (LAFW) as well as the posterior left atrium (PLA). Then, DFmax regions (n=4) or CFAE regions harboring the highest wavebreak density (HWD, n=5) were targeted with a 4F ablation catheter (5-15W, 30-60 sec/point). Results: On-target DFmax/rotor point ablation resulted in a significant decrease in bi-atrial DFmax values (18.02±3.16 to 12.9±2.6, p&lt;0.05, n=4) and AF termination after that a high frequency rotor was targeted (n=1). In contrast, LAFW point ablation in nearly-missed HWD regions- located at the boundaries of DFmax domains, in the vicinity of AF sources - did not significantly modulate AF frequency of excitation, (LAA DFmax: 15.16±4.98 to 14.26±3.38 Hz, n=5; p=0.205). Rather, DFmax domains relocated to PV-PLA regions (3/5 hearts) and to the roof (2/5 hearts). In another group of hearts (n=12), we examined 3-dimensional rotors- a.k.a scroll waves - dynamics during a progressive increase in ACh concentration from 0 to 0.2 μM. Under these conditions, scroll waves formed at the PLA reproducibly drifted to the LAFW along the free wall pectinate muscles, or other structures characterized by large myocardial thickness gradients. Conclusions: On-target DFmax/rotor ablation leads to large decreases in AF frequency and AF termination. In contrast, nearly-missed CFAE/HWD ablation leads to scroll wave relocation and/or drift along large myocardial thickness gradients.
Progression to symptomatic disease in people infected with HIV-1 in rural Uganda: prospective cohort study Commentary: Virus, host, or environment?
Authors: D. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To estimate the rate of progression from seroconversion to symptomatic disease in adults infected with HIV-1, and to establish whether the background level of signs and symptoms commonly associated with HIV-1 in uninfected controls are likely to affect progression rates. <b>Design:</b> Longitudinal, prospective cohort study of people infected with HIV-1 and randomly selected subjects negative for HIV-1 antibodies identified during population studies. <b>Setting:</b> Study clinic with basic medical care in rural Uganda. <b>Subjects:</b> 275 patients infected with HIV-1 (107 prevalent cases and 168 incident cases) and 246 controls negative for HIV-1 antibodies. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Signs and symptoms of HIV disease, as determined by stages 2 and 3 of the World Health Organization clinical staging system. <b>Results:</b> The median time from seroconversion to WHO stage 2 was 25.4 months and to stage 3 was 45.5 months. 43% of the participants infected with HIV-1 had signs or symptoms by two years after seroconversion. The most common clinical conditions used to define progression of disease were weight loss, mucocutaneous manifestations, bacterial infections, chronic fever, and chronic diarrhoea. Although the rates of these conditions (apart from minor weight loss) were significantly higher in the participants infected with HIV-1, they were also relatively frequent in the control group. Herpes zoster, oral candidiasis, and pulmonary tuberculosis were not common events in the control group and therefore were more indicative of infection with HIV-1. <b>Conclusions:</b> Disease progression associated with infection with HIV-1 seems to be rapid in rural Uganda. This is most likely due to the high prevalence of conditions in the general population that could be taken as symptoms and signs of infection with HIV-1. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> The few studies that have reported time from seroconversion to HIV-1 symptomatic disease in poor countries suggest that this interval is shorter than in rich countries <h3>What this study adds</h3> Progression from seroconversion to symptomatic disease seems to be rapid in rural Africa The apparent rapid disease progression in rural Africa is most likely to be due to the high prevalence of what could be taken as symptoms and signs of HIV-1 in the general population
Review: Varenicline does not differ from placebo for adverse neuropsychiatric events
Authors: Tim Lancaster, Kate Cahill
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Thomas KH, Martin RM, Knipe DW, Higgins JP, Gunnell D. Risk of neuropsychiatric adverse events associated with varenicline: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2015;350:h1109. 25767129
Abstract P171: Analysis of Corrected Absolute and Relative Chest Compression Depth during Real In-hospital Pediatric CPR Using Novel Forensic Engineering Reconstruction Techniques
Authors: Dana E Niles, Jon Nysaether, Akira Nishisaki, Robert M Sutton, Kristy Arbogast, Matthew R Maltese, Benjamin S Abella, Robert Berg, Mark Helfaer, Vinay Nadkarni
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract P135: Varenicline and the Risk of Adverse Cardiovascular Events: A Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Kristian B Filion, Sophie Dell'Aniello, Maria Eberg, Christel Renoux, Stella S Daskalopoulou, Samy Suissa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Clinical trial results suggest that varenicline is the most efficacious smoking cessation therapy. However, its cardiovascular safety is controversial, with recent meta-analyses providing conflicting results. Our objective was to compare the effect of varenicline to that of bupropion on the risk of cardiovascular events. Methods: We conducted a population-based cohort study of new users of varenicline or bupropion using data extracted from the UK’s Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) and Hospital Episode Statistics. Our primary endpoint was a composite of myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization, stroke, and all-cause mortality. An ‘as-treated’ analysis with a Cox proportional hazards model was used, with patients censored 7 days after the end of their last prescription or upon switching smoking cessation drugs. In secondary analyses, we compared varenicline and bupropion to nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in pairwise comparisons. All analyses used high-dimensional propensity scores to adjust for potential confounding. Results: Our primary cohort included 90,522 varenicline users and 12,640 bupropion users. The mean age was 44 years, and 48% were men. The mean treatment duration was 45 days. A total of 128 events occurred among varenicline users, and 15 occurred among bupropion users. Although estimates suggest that varenicline may modestly increase the risk of cardiovascular events compared to bupropion, they were accompanied by wide 95% CIs (Table). Both varenicline and bupropion users had significantly lower risks of cardiovascular events than NRT users (Table). Conclusions: While we cannot exclude a modestly increased risk of cardiovascular events with varenicline relative to bupropion, such events remain rare, and both varenicline and bupropion are associated with a decreased risk of cardiovascular events compared with NRT. The long-term benefits obtained due to the increased smoking abstinence with varenicline likely outweigh any increased cardiovascular risk.
622. Discovery of Targeting Peptides for Selective Therapy of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Miriam Böckmann, Matthias Drosten, Brigitte M. Pützer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Adenovirus efficiently infects a broad range of target cells, thereby preventing selective gene transfer. Moreover, several cell types and tissues including primary tumors are refractory to adenoviral infection, mainly because of low expression levels of coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR). Thus, identification of cancer selective ligands which yield gene transfer to neoplastic cells by minimizing transduction of normal cells is a key issue for successful cancer therapy. We initially analyzed adenoviral receptor expression in human medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) cells and found significant differences in CAR and av integrin protein levels between MTC-derived TT cells in vitro and established xenograft tumors in mice, indicating a lack of av integrin expression on growing tumors. We isolated MTC cell-specific peptides by biopanning a phage display library on cultured cancer cells and on tumors in vivo. Candidates were selected by performing two–three rounds of subtraction. Selected phages showed 5 to 22-fold higher binding efficiency for TT cells when compared to wild-type M13 phage or other human cell lines in vitro and in vivo in a RET transgenic mouse model. Importantly, the best binding peptide mediated efficient internalization of the phage, indicating that the identified ligand should be suitable to improve selectivity of adenoviral gene transfer to medullary thyroid tumors in vivo.
Abstract 17072: Disruption of mTORC2 Integrity Underlies Increased Myocardial Susceptibility to Ischemia/reperfusion Injury in Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: TOSHIYUKI TOBISAWA, TOSHIYUKI YANO, TAKAYUKI MIKI, MASAYA TANNO, ATSUSHI KUNO, HIDEMICHI KOUZU, HIROMICHI MURASE, MAKOTO OGASAWARA, SHINGO MURATSUBAKI, MASASHI MIZUNO, KEITARO NISHIZAWA, SATOKO ISHIKAWA, HIDEAKI YOSHIDA, TETSUJI MIURA
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: Chronic renal failure (CRF) worsens prognosis after myocardial infarction, but its impact on myocardial injury remains unclear. We recently found that mTORC2, a kinase complex promoting phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473, plays a pivotal role in cardioprotection. Here, we tested the hypothesis that CRF increases myocardial susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury by disrupting mTORC2 activation. Methods and results: Rats underwent 5/6 nephrectomy (subtotal nephrectomy, SNx) or a sham operation (Sham). Levels of serum creatinine at 4 weeks after the operation were higher in SNx (n=7) than in Sham (n=8) (0.72±0.05 vs. 0.33±0.05 mg/dl, p&lt;0.05), confirming the development of CRF in SNx. Infarct size after 20-min coronary occlusion/2-hr reperfusion was larger in SNx than in Sham (53.2±5.8 vs. 41.1±2.4% of risk area, p&lt;0.05) and was positively correlated with serum creatinine levels (r=0.54, p=0.01), indicating that severity of CRF is a determinant of infarct size. Using separate groups of rats, the effect of CRF on cellular signaling was examined by immunoblotting. Reperfusion-induced phosphorylation of Akt-Ser473 was significantly lower by 32% in SNx than in Sham, with attenuated phosphorylation of p70S6 kinase and GSK3β, downstream substrates of Akt. On the other hand, phosphorylation levels of Jak2, Akt-Thr308, and ERK were comparable between the two groups. Although expression levels of mTORC2 components (mTOR, Rictor, Sin1, and Deptor) and PTEN, a negative regulator of Akt activity, were similar in SNx and Sham, interaction of mTOR and Sin1 determined by immunoprecipitation was 17% less in SNx than in Sham, indicating partial disruption of mTORC2 integrity in CRF. In neonatal cardiomyocytes, mTOR-Sin1 interaction was reduced by treatment with H2O2 (100 μM). Conclusion: Taken together with previous reports that CRF up-regulates oxidative stress level in the myocardium, the present results suggest that oxidative stress-mediated disruption of mTOC2 integrity, leading to impaired phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 upon reperfusion, underlies the increased myocardial susceptibility to ischemia/reperfusion injury in CRF.
Commentary: Power of the mind
Authors: Sabina Dosani
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I hadn't heard of rumination syndrome before reading Mr Neville's story.1 My first thought on hearing about his repeated presentation, negative findings, and distress was that this was a case of somatoform disorder.2 His deterioration after a difficult meeting with a staff member supported that view.

Is rumination syndrome a distinct syndrome or is it an example of a functional somatic syndrome?3 It is unfortunate that mind-body …
Treatment of Hypertension in Diabetes
Authors: M E Cooper, G Jerums, P D Chattington
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

Patients with type I and II diabetes mellitus represent a population at high risk of the cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and renal effects of hypertension. Antihypertensive therapy should be considered for those with blood pressures above 130/85 mmHg with the aim to reduce levels below 125/75 especially for those with microalbummuria or diabetic nephropathy. Hypertension tends to occur on a background of multiple other risk factors. Life-style changes such as increased exercise and reduced salt intake, when combined with medication should improve the blood pressure response. On the currently available data, an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, initially as mono-therapy, is the first choice antihypertensive agent in the absence of contraindications. Often dual or triple therapy is required to achieve target blood pressure levels.
Parallel glycan profiling and protein expression measurements on antibody arrays for biomarker discovery
Authors: Bradley Garcia, Justin Brink, Bryce Nelson
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

B26  Researchers are looking for new approaches to improve cancer diagnosis as well as ways to improve stratification, prognostics, and safety in clinical trials of new cancer therapies. Protein glycosylation is a critical determinant of protein function. The ability to detect changes in the glycosylation of many specific proteins in serum is a promising approach for identifying sensitive and specific serum biomarkers for cancer. Moreover, multiplexed single-capture antibody arrays enable high throughput analysis of putative cancer biomarkers across many different patient samples. We have developed and validated a 46-plex antibody array to profile changes in both the concentration and glycosylation of potential cancer biomarker proteins in patient serum samples. To do this, serum proteins are labeled for detection using a universal conjugate; the antibody array captures specific proteins and relative protein abundance is measured by fluorescence. On a separate antibody array, proteins are captured and glycosylation is measured using one of eight unique biotinylated lectins followed and detected using a fluorescent conjugate. Capture antibodies have been chemically treated to block unwanted lectin binding for glycan detection. In this poster, we describe the validation and application of this new high-throughput profiling method by testing the expression and glycosylation state of 46 putative cancer biomarkers in eight patient serum samples.
Augmentation of the Peripheral Metabolism of l-Triiodothyronine and l-Thyroxine after Acclimation to Cold
Authors: Alan Balsam, Lynn E. Leppo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Increased metabolism of thyroid hormones was observed in rats adapted to an ambient temperature of 4 degrees C. The increased hormonal degradation was manifested in enhanced metabolic, urinary deiodinative, biliary, and fecal clearances of iodothyronines. Increased metabolic clearances were due to stimulation of cellular hormonal disposition, evidenced by elevated intrinsic cellular clearances. After adaptation, the concentration of protein-bound iodine in plasma was decreased, and the binding of the hormones by plasma proteins was increased. The enhanced rate of metabolism of iodothyronines was associated with stimulation of the binding of these hormones by diverse tissues, suggesting the participation of extrahepatic degradative foci in the increased hormonal deiodination observed in vivo. Increased hepatocellular binding and a significantly enlarged hepatic distribution space of thyroxine were noted. Hepatocellular binding of triiodothyronine was similarly augmented, and a smaller but significant increase in the hepatic space of this iodothyronine was detected. Analysis of the hepatic subcellular partition of iodothyronines 35 min after the intravenous administration of isotopically labeled thyroid hormones disclosed increased hormonal binding by the microsomal fraction in cold-adapted animals and an attendant increase in the microsomal protein concentration. Partial microsomal subfractionation in a discontinuous sucrose gradient indicated that the observed stimulation of microsomal hormonal binding was associated with proliferation of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
A Description of Spontaneous Congenital Testicular Teratomas in Strain 129 Mice<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>
Authors: L. C. Stevens, K. P. Hummel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

A Description of Spontaneous Congenital Testicular Teratomas in Strain 129 Mice2 L. C. Stevens, L. C. Stevens Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar K. P. Hummel K. P. Hummel Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 5, May 1957, Pages 719–747, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.5.719 Published: 01 May 1957 Article history Received: 10 January 1957 Published: 01 May 1957
Erectile Dysfunction in Obese Men
Authors: Allen D Seftel
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trial of the Route of Early Nutritional Support in Critically Ill Adults
Authors: Emanuele Cereda, Riccardo Caccialanza
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

To the Editor: In reporting the results of the CALORIES trial, Harvey and colleagues (Oct.30 issue) 1 indicate that the route of delivery of early nutritional support in the intensive care unit (ICU) does not alter patient outcomes.This message contradicts the widely held belief that the enteral route, which is more physiological, is to be preferred.However, we think that there is another implicit message: this study suggests that the role of nutritional support in the ICU should be reconsidered.Past evidence has led researchers to implement an overzealous approach to nutritional support in patients in the ICU.Given the results from the present study, we should probably take a step backward.There is still an unanswered question regarding which critically ill patients should receive early nutritional support.Some recent trials 1-3 suggest that such patients may be those with depleted body stores due to malnutrition rather than all those who are at nutritional risk as a consequence of critical illness.We believe that targeting early nutritional support to the right patients constitutes a key point that should be addressed.Once that question is addressed, we could focus again on timing, the route of delivery, protein and caloric targets, and nutrients that have putative pharmacologic activity.