tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevention of Unnecessary Hospitalization for Patients With Dementia
Authors: Constantine G. Lyketsos
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Minimum 5.0 ml of Sputum Improves the Sensitivity of Acid-fast Smear for <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>
Authors: JOHN R. WARREN, MONDIRA BHATTACHARYA, KLEPER N. F. DE ALMEIDA, KATHY TRAKAS, LANCE R. PETERSON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) by sputum smear supports treatment decisions with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), but smear sensitivity for Mycobacterium tuberculosis is only approximately 45 to 75%. In an effort to increase sensitivity, smears were prepared using a minimum sputum volume of 5.0 ml. Sensitivity of smears during a 39-mo period (n = 1,849) using >/= 5.0 ml of sputum was 92. 0%, significantly greater (p < 0.001) than a sensitivity of 72.5% in a previous 24-mo period (n = 3,486) when all specimens were processed regardless of volume. All new cases of TB (n = 18) were smear-positive with >/= 5.0 ml of sputum before treatment, and all were receiving antituberculosis drugs at hospital discharge. In contrast, significantly fewer new cases of TB (14 of 26, p = 0.002) were positive before treatment when smears were prepared using sputum of any volume, and significantly fewer of these new TB cases (18 of 26, p = 0.03) were receiving treatment at hospital discharge. The eight cases without treatment were smear-negative. These results indicate that acid-fast smear using >/= 5.0 ml of sputum increases sensitivity for M. tuberculosis and accelerates treatment of TB.
The Office Measurement of Cholesterol
Authors: Geert J. M. Boerma
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I read with interest the article entitled "A Clinician's Guide to the Office Measurement of Cholesterol" by Mr Burke and Dr Fischer.<sup>1</sup>A number of important aspects of office analyzers were discussed, and I would like to offer some comments. First, comparisons were done in part using blood treated with edetic acid. This substance is not the one of choice for the Reflotron cholesterol method.<sup>2</sup> Second, the analytic range is defined as the "range for which the test method accurately measures cholesterol." This definition means that the method has good linearity in that range (otherwise it cannot be accurate). In the discussion of linearity, it is stated that "commonly there is less precision and an increased bias at the extreme of the analytic range." This last sentence does not square with the definition of the analytic range. Third, in the discussion concerning precision it
Osler’s Bedside Library: Great Writers Who Inspired a Great Physician
Authors: Helen Bynum
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of passive smoking on arterial wave reflection: an additonal detrimental effect
Authors: C. Vlachopoulos, C. Stefanadis, E. Tsiamis, K. Toutouzas, S. Vaina, D. Tsekoura, L. Diamantopoulos, J. Demellis, P. Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Nonremoval of Dentures During Anesthesia
Authors: David Mezz
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  The several letters to the editor on Nonremoval of Dentures During Anesthesia (230:822, 1974) omitted a very important consideration.  There are dentures and there are dentures. I believe the anesthesiologist would be courting danger if he failed to determine in advance the adherence of each denture. Many full lowers are easily dislodged and become candidates for aspiration. Even full uppers may have insufficient grip and may drop to become a problem. Why not a simple testing in advance of anesthesia induction?
Native T1 Mapping in Differentiation of Normal Myocardium From Diffuse Disease in Hypertrophic and Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Valentina O. Puntmann, Tobias Voigt, Zhong Chen, Manuel Mayr, Rashed Karim, Kawal Rhode, Ana Pastor, Gerald Carr-White, Reza Razavi, Tobias Schaeffter, Eike Nagel
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
180 CLINICAL AND GENETIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED TO DEVELOPMENT OF PORTAL VEIN THROMBOSIS IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITHOUT HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: A.M. Pellicelli, C. D'Ambrosio, G. Barbaro, R. Villani, P. Guarascio, L. Fondacaro, A. Cortese, M. Atzori, G. Regine, L. Adami, R. Santoro, G.M. Ettorre, A. Andreoli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Pancreatitis and Mutations of the Cystic Fibrosis Gene
Authors: Peter R. Durie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

In patients with cystic fibrosis, the inability to maintain the luminal hydration of ducts that contain or secrete large molecules may affect multiple organs. The protein product of the gene that causes the disease — the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CF TR) gene — functions as a cyclic AMP–regulated chloride channel.1 The exocrine pancreas and, in males, the wolffian ducts are most susceptible to the disease and are affected earliest. In both cases, high concentrations of macromolecules can block the narrow, tortuous, and lengthy ducts. Nevertheless, the severity of the disease varies considerably. This heterogeneity must be . . .
Vascular remodeling is a feature of asthma and nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis
Authors: Salman Siddiqui, Amanda Sutcliffe, Aarti Shikotra, Lucy Woodman, Camille Doe, Sue McKenna, Andrew Wardlaw, Peter Bradding, Ian Pavord, Christopher Brightling
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Endoscopy and Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreatography after Billroth II Operation
Authors: L. Sáfrány
Journal: Endoscopy (1972)

The use of the Olympus JF-B duodenoscope has provided new facilities in the endoscopic visualization after Billroth II surgery of small intestinal segments remote from the anastomosis and in the catheterization via the afferent loop of the Vater's papilla. In a patient material of 37 subjected to Billroth II surgery cancer of the stump and peptic gastrojejunal ulcer could be revealed in 5 and 8 cases, respectively. In 22 of the remaining 24 patients the efferent loop could be serveyed up to 40 to 60 cm. In 18 patients the duodenoscope could be inserted into the afferent loop, in 16 cases up to the sutured stump of the duodenum. The papilla of Vater could be visualized in all 16 patients. Cannulation was attempted in 12 and successful in 11 patients. The obtained results underline the unique diagnostic significance of the endoscopic survey of the afferent loop and retrograde cholangio-pancreatography performed across it in patients after Billroth II operation.
Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures
Authors: Michaël Laurent
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

induced tumor growth and metastatic spread through antiangiogenic and immunostimulatory mechanisms.Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that β-AR antagonist, and propranolol in particular, may increase survival and decrease recurrence in patients with breast cancer. 3 Barron et al 2 have studied the associations between use of β 2 -AR (propranolol) or β 1 -selective antagonists (atenolol) and risk of breast cancer.They show that propranolol is associated with significantly less advanced disease at diagnosis and lowers breast cancer-specific mortality.Furthermore, Pasquier et al 3 strongly suggest that propranolol with chemotherapy may improve the outcome of women with breast cancer.In contrast, a recent study found no protective effect of propranolol (which represented 16% of the β-blockers prescribed) and increased recurrence rates associated with metoprolol. 4 Propranolol is also a new and emerging treatment for melanoma, multiple myeloma, pancreatic cancer, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines, or severe infantile haemangioma. 5It would thus be interesting to evaluate the risk of breast cancer according to the subtype of β-blockers and, in particular, nonselective β-blockers.Would it be possible for the authors
Insurability of the adolescent and young adult with heart disease. Report from the Fifth Conference on Insurability, October 3-4, 1991, Columbus, Ohio.
Authors: H D Allen, W M Gersony, K A Taubert
Journal: Circulation (1992)

By the mid-1990s there will be more than 500,000 young adults in the United States over the age of 21 with a cardiac malformation. Presently more than half of this population is denied insurance coverage entirely or in part because of their preexisting condition. Because some did not have coverage and because of uncertainty about whom to see for their cardiology care, patients assessed in NHS-II who were evaluated by their physician on an annual basis before the age of 21 were seen by a cardiologist only every 10 years after the age of 21. However, they have been shown by NHS-II to be well-educated, productive in the workplace, and to share an equal place in society with the general population. Their health-care costs are decidedly lower after the age of 21 than before. This group represents a microcosm of a general society of more than 37 million Americans who, for various reasons, are not insured. Dr. Wiener described an American health-care system in crisis. Smaller companies are no longer able to afford health insurance for all their employees, especially for those with preexisting conditions, because of an industry pricing concept based on a claims-experience standard rather than a community standard. The insurance industry, the government, and patients are demanding medical cost-containment. Health-care costs, 12.2% of the gross national product in 1990, are climbing, and no end to this increase is presently in sight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Identifying asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients with persistent cough presenting to general practitioners: descriptive study
Authors: H A Thiadens, G H de Bock, F W Dekker, J A N Huysman, J C van Houwelingen, M P Springer, D S Postma
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine the prevalence of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients not known to have these disorders, who present in general practice with persistent cough, and to ascertain criteria to help general practitioners in diagnosis. <b>Design:</b> Descriptive study. <b>Setting:</b> Primary healthcare centre in the Netherlands. <b>Subjects</b>: 192 patients aged 18-75 years, not known to have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, attending their general practitioner with cough persisting for at least 2 weeks. <b>Methods</b>: A diagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was based on the recurrence of airway symptoms in the past year accompanied by spirometric measurements (including bronchodilator testing) and methacholine provocation tests. A scoring formula to estimate the probability of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, based on history and physical examination, was generated by means of logistic regression. <b>Results</b>: 74 patients (39%) were classified as having asthma, 14 (7%) as having chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The best formula for predicting asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease used scores for three symptoms: (reported) wheeze,(reported) dyspnoea, and allergen induced symptoms, together with prolonged expiration, pack years of smoking, and female sex. Variables were scored 1 when present and 0 when absent, except for allergen induced symptoms (1.5) and number of pack years of smoking (n/25). With a cut off value of 3 on the scoring formula, 76% of the patients could be classified correctly. <b>Conclusions</b>: About half of patients with persistent cough who present to a general practitioner have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. With a simple formula based on three symptoms and prolonged expiration, pack years of smoking, and female sex, most patients may be identified correctly in general practice. <h3>Key messages</h3> Nearly half the patients attending a general practitioner with persistent cough show features of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (significant bronchodilator response, airway obstruction, or hyperresponsiveness) Most cases can be identified through history taking and physical examination only The key variables to predict which patients are likely to have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are: current wheeze and dyspnoea, symptoms elicited by allergens, prolonged expiration, cumulative smoking, and female sex The scoring formula composed of the key variables may help to determine when it is necessary to perform pulmonary function testing to confirm or reject a diagnosis of asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Dyazide® and Hyperkalemia
Authors: A. GENE PETERSEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 May 1976Dyazide® and HyperkalemiaA. GENE PETERSEN, M.D.A. GENE PETERSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-5-612_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by McDonald (Ann Intern Med84:162-167, 1976) implies that triamterene and Dyazide® are equivalent. Dyazide consists of both triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide. Thus, Dyazide is a preparation intended to alleviate potassium changes. The physicians caring for the patients, therefore, may have had this in mind when not making adjustments in medication based solely on serum potassium changes. It is certainly true that hyperkalemia may be seen with Dyazide treatment, as Dr. McDonald implied (1, 2)....References Reference1. BENDERCARTERHANSEN ACK: Use of a diuretic combination of triamterene and hydrochlorothiazide in elderly patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 15:166-173, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. HANSENBENDER KA: Changes in serum potassium levels occurring in patients treated with triamterene and a triamterene-hydrochlorothiazide combination. Clin Pharmacol Ther 8:392-399, 1967 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. Physicians Desk Reference, Baker CE (p 1359) Publisher, Medical Economics Co., Oradell, New Jersey, 1974 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 411 Nichols Road Kansas City, MO 64112 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByDrug-Induced HyperkalemiaRecognition and Treatment of HyperkalemiaDrug-induced hyperkalemia: old culprits and new offenders 1 May 1976Volume 84, Issue 5Page: 612-613KeywordsPotassium Issue Published: 1 May 1976 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Orteronel plus prednisone in patients with chemotherapy-naive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (ELM-PC 4): a double-blind, multicentre, phase 3, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Fred Saad, Karim Fizazi, Viorel Jinga, Eleni Efstathiou, Peter C Fong, Lowell L Hart, Robert Jones, Raymond McDermott, Manfred Wirth, Kazuhiro Suzuki, David B MacLean, Ling Wang, Hideyuki Akaza, Joel Nelson, Howard I Scher, Robert Dreicer, Iain J Webb, Ronald de Wit
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Doctors who performed late abortion will not be prosecuted
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The UK's Crown Prosecution Service has decided not to prosecute two doctors involved in a late abortion of a fetus with a cleft lip and palate, after a lengthy investigation triggered by a complaint from a Church of England trainee cleric.

Police initially investigated after a complaint by Joanna Jepson, 28, who was born with a congenital jaw defect (corrected by surgery when she was in her teens), but decided not to prosecute. The investigation was reopened after Ms Jepson sought …
The Clinical Investigation of Lymphadenopathy in Primary Care Practice
Authors: Sheldon Greenfield
Journal: JAMA (1978)

ENLARGED lymph nodes occur in many conditions, either as a reaction to a local inflammatory process or associated with a systemic disease whose central focus is not in the lymph system. In some patients enlarged nodes are the initial or the most prominent manifestation of whatever disease is present and are the starting point for investigation. The algorithm presented here develops guidelines for evaluation of lymph node enlargement of the primary or secondary type. <h3>Scope and Limitations</h3> This algorithm is designed to be applied only to adolescents and adults, because a different array of diseases underlies enlarged lymph nodes in infants and children. It does not include therapy for any of the conditions detected. Following the model of protocols or clinical algorithms for primary care, it does not include diagnostic evaluation of rare diseases. On the other hand, nonspecific findings are included to alert the reader to consider more remote
Anaphylactoid reactions due to haemodialysis, haemofiltration, or membrane plasma separation.
Authors: A J Nicholls, M M Platts
Journal: BMJ (1982)

A previously undescribed anaphylactoid reaction to haemodialysis, haemofiltration, or membrane plasma separation occurred in 15 patients receiving regular dialysis. The illness varied in severity from urticaria, sneezing, and watering of the eyes to severe bronchospasm and cardiovascular collapse, and began within a minute of blood being returned from the dialyser or filtration device to the patient. Reactions developed only when a dialyser sterilised with ethylene oxide was used for the first time and never after sterilisation with formalin. Several patients had more than one reaction while three had a reaction each time a new dialyser was used. Incorrect priming of the dialysers may be a partial explanation of these attacks, but the exact reason for their occurrence is unknown. This is a dramatic and potentially life-threatening syndrome that may not previously have been recognised as a reaction to dialysis.
Neoadjuvant combination of carboplatin and 5-FU in head and neck cancer: A randomized study
Authors: P. Gehanno, J. Depondt, R. Peynegre, C. Peytral, M. Martin, F. Baillet, B. Guerrier, C. Dubreuil, B. Pellae Cosset
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1992)
Human vision focuses on information relevant to a task, to the detriment of information that is not relevant
Authors: Peter M. Vishton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

Glover offers an account for why some pictorial illusions influence early but not late phases of an action. His proposed corrective control process, however, functions normally in the absence of continuous visual information, suggesting that the stimulus is registered veridically prior to action onset. Here I consider an alternative account, based on differing informational constraints of behaviors (and phases of behaviors).
Diabetes and the Eye
Authors: Brian C. Joondeph
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Over the past few years we have seen a proliferation of medical titles produced on CD-ROM for use on personal computers. Brochures seem to arrive daily announcing the latest book or journal that has been updated for the computer age. But, despite the hoopla surrounding CD-ROMs, we have generally been disappointed with most of these improved versions. After that fleeting moment when we slip the disc into our computer and fool ourselves into believing that we are on the cutting edge, we discover that the only difference between the book and the CD-ROM is the amount of space taken up on the bookshelf. To our surprise, Diabetes and the Eye by the publishers of the<i>British Medical Journal</i>, is a refreshing change from the usual text-driven CD-ROMs. Other CDs that we have had the opportunity to use have either been simple word-for-word text transfers to disc (Scientific American's SAM-CD)
ON THE PRESENT POSTION OF CURATIVE VACCINATION
Authors: H.G. ADAMSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1919)

Journal Article ON THE PRESENT POSTION OF CURATIVE VACCINATION Get access H.G. ADAMSON, MD., F.R.C.P. H.G. ADAMSON, MD., F.R.C.P. Physician in Charge of the Skin‐Department, St. Bartholomew's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 31, Issue 2, 1 April 1919, Pages 75–79, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1919.tb09694.x Published: 01 April 1919
Notes From Overground
Authors: David J. Bressler
Journal: JAMA (1981)

IT IS too late for first impressions and too early for memoirs, yet I want to try to leave some record of what I have learned in medical school. This is not an essay on electrolyte changes in chronic renal failure or the differential diagnosis of hemoptysis. Rather, it tells what one medical student gleaned incidentally, between the lines of the formal medical school instruction. The last 3 1/2 years have changed the way I think of myself. I have gone from considering myself a "layperson" to thinking of myself as a physician. Much of this transformation is related to the body of information I have been so busy accumulating—information that has allowed me to participate in decisions concerning the welfare and fate of my patients. But a large part of the change is due to my exposure to "medical" experiences rather than to the accumulation of bits of information.