tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Isolated in a Case of Bloody Diarrhea
Authors: Mark D. Aronson, Donald Kaminsky, C. A. Phillips
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 December 1974Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 Isolated in a Case of Bloody DiarrheaMARK D. ARONSON, M.D., DONALD KAMINSKY, B.A., C. A. PHILLIPS, M.D.MARK D. ARONSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DONALD KAMINSKY, B.A.Search for more papers by this author, C. A. PHILLIPS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-6-856 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Parainfluenza viruses are only rarely isolated from fecal specimens. In July 1973 a young woman presented at the Medical Center Hospital of Vermont with bloody diarrhea. Parainfluenza virus type 3 was isolated from both her throat and rectal cultures. Because this represents to our knowledge the first known association between parainfluenza type 3 and bloody diarrhea and because this is the first isolation of this agent from adult feces, her case is presented and viral studies reported*.The patient was a 22-year-old woman who on 5 July 1973 presented with a 2-day history of abdominal pain and...References1. MONTO A: The Tecumpseh study of respiratory illness. V. Patterns of infection with the parainfluenzaviruses. Am J Epidemiol 97:338-348, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JACKSONMULDOON GR: Viruses causing common respiratory infections in man. II. Enteroviruses and paramyxoviruses. J Infect Dis 128:387-469, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GROSSGREENCURNEN PRM: Persistant infection with parainfluenza type 3 virus in man. Am Rev Respir Dis 108:894-898, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. FARMERVINCENTFUCCILLO GMD: Viral investigations in ulcerative colitis and regional enteritis. Gastroenterology 65:8-18, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. ARONSONPHILLIPSBEEKEN MCW: Isolation of a viral agent from intestinal tissue of patients with Crohn's Disease and other intestinal disorders. Gastroenterology 66:661, 1974 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Infectious Diseases Department of Medicine University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, Vermont 05401*This investigation was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service grant TO1 AI00365 from the National Institutes of Health. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCarbonylation of propylene with carbon monoxide in the presence of Ru3(CO)12 catalystsAcute colitisSexual Qualities in Case ReportsCHERILL M. PARMENTIER-PERERA, B.A. 1 December 1974Volume 81, Issue 6Page: 856-857KeywordsAbdominal painDiarrheaMedical servicesPharynx Issue Published: 1 December 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Market Driven Health Care: Who Wins, Who Loses in the Transformation of America's Largest Service Industry, by Regina Herzlinger
Authors: D. Woods
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Regina Herzlinger / Addison-Wesley, $25, pp 379 / ISBN 0 20148994 5

If there is life after managed care in the United States, Regina Herzlinger is pretty sure she's found it. Herzlinger, a professor at Harvard University Business School, contends that managed care, a system of payment that now involves some 70 million Americans, was a response to so called indemnity coverage, under which insurers simply forked out money for whatever tests and procedures were ordered. Costs were escalating annually in double digit percentages, overuse was rampant, and employers, footing a bill of some $4000 a year per employee, …
Predictors of H1N1 influenza in the emergency department: proposition for a modified H1N1 case definition
Authors: H. Flick, M. Drescher, J. Prattes, K. Tovilo, H.H. Kessler, K. Vander, K. Seeber, M. Palfner, R.B. Raggam, A. Avian, R. Krause, M. Hoenigl
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Abstract 16328: Residual Pulmonary Hypertension Persist Even in Patients With Successful MitraClip and Adversely Affect Heart Failure Events
Authors: Mike Saji, Gorav Ailawadi, John Dent, David S Lim
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common among patients requiring mitral valve treatment, and even mild PH adversely affect outcome. The aim of the study was to investigate the response of pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) in patients undergoing MitraClip and determine the prognostic effect of residual PH. Methods: From 2007 to 2013, 121 consecutive patients undergoing the MitraClip were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were categorized into two groups according to residual PH defined by post-procedural PAP obtained by transthoracic echocardiography. The primary endpoint was combined endpoints of all-cause mortality, left ventricular assist device implantation, shock, mitral valve surgery, New York Heart Association III-IV, re-hospitalization due to heart failure, new onset atrial fibrillation requiring hospitalization, ventricular arrhythmia, mechanical ventilation more than 48 hours, admission longer than two weeks. Patients with existing pulmonary disease or systemic disease affecting PAP were excluded. Results: Forty seven of 86 had residual PH. Patients with residual PH had higher pre-procedural PAP, and higher six months PAP than those without residual PH (pre-procedural, 50.3±13.4 vs 42.2±9.8 mmHg, p=0.003; at six months, 45.4±14.0 vs 34.7±9.9 mmHg, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Patients without residual PH had an immediate decrease in PAP (42.2±9.8 vs 31.5±5.9 mmHg, p&lt;0.001), while patients with residual PH had a decrease in PAP at a month, but not a significant change immediate post-procedure (pre- to post-procedure, 50.3±13.4 to 49.7±7.2 mmHg p=0.808; post-procedure to a month, 49.7±7.2 to 43.3±10.3 mmHg, p&lt;0.001). Primary combined endpoint at two years met 26.5%. The Kaplan-Meier Curve (Log rank method) showed patients with residual PH had poorer outcome on primary endpoint (p=0.017). The independent predictor of the primary endpoint evaluated by multivariate analysis (Cox proportional hazard) was post-procedural PH [hazard ratio 2.9, 95% confidence interval 1.1-7.9]. Conclusion: Patients with residual PH have higher rate of adverse events associated with heart failure even with successful MR reduction, and additional medical intervention, such as pulmonary vasodilator, should be considered.
Abstract 16726: Dynamic Analysis of the Tricuspid Annulus -Does Non Planarity of the Annulus Matter?
Authors: Karima Addetia, Denisa Muraru, Federico Veronesi, Francesco Maffessanti, Victor Mor-Avi, Megan Yamat, Lynn Weinert, Luigi P Badano, Roberto M Lang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Surgical decision-making on the tricuspid valve (TV) hinges on accurate measurements of the tricuspid annulus (TA). 3D echocardiography is more accurate than 2D for dynamic measurement of TA size due to TA non-planarity. Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) of 3D datasets is easily performed on ultrasound machines but results in inconsistent measurements of minimum and maximum TA size. We developed an alternative method for dynamic TA measurement that accounts for TA non-planarity, to determine if this approach would yield different annulus sizes compared to the MPR method. Methods: 51 normal subjects underwent 3D TTE of the TA (Philips). MPR measurements of the TA were made on a plane passing through 2 pairs of hinge points identified in orthogonal apical views (QLAB, fig.A). The alternative approach used custom software (CS) that initialized TA hinge points in mid-systole (MS) in multiple rotated planes, following the non-planar shape of the TA (fig. B); these were then tracked throughout the cardiac cycle. TA area, antero-posterior and septal-lateral dimensions were measured at end-diastole (ED, TV closure), MS and end-systole (ES, prior to TV opening), and compared between approaches. Results: MPR measurements showed minimum TA size at ED or MS. In contrast, the CS approach resulted in significantly larger measurements and showed minimum TA size at ES (Table). Careful review revealed that in many patients the annular plane in which MPR measurements were made cut through parts of the right atrial (RA) walls. Conclusions: MPR-based TA size may be underestimated because this approach does not account for TA non-planarity, partially identifying RA walls as annular boundary, resulting in a minimum at ED, when the RA is smallest. Alternative software approaches that account for TA non-planarity should be explored with surgical validation and are required to accurately assess TA size and dynamics. This may have implications on TV annuloplasty planning.
Black Box Warnings
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Microalbuminuria as predictor of outcome
Authors: G Evans, I Greaves
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Microalbuminuria is used clinically to monitor incipient diabetic nephropathy, but it is known also to be a non-specific marker of inflammation, both systemic and local,1–3 and appears to be useful as a predictor of outcome in several clinical situations.4–8 The equipment required to perform the test is small and mobile, each test taking two minutes to perform. Might a test for microalbuminuria provide a simple means of identifying patients whose condition will deteriorate across a range of clinical conditions?

Microalbuminuria is defined as a urinary albumin concentration of 30-200mg/l. These values are currently detectable by semiquantitative dipstick tests. In healthy volunteers spot testing of urinary albumin shows the mean concentration to be 5.1mg/l, with 95% of samples having a concentration of less than 29.6mg/l, regardless of time of collection.9

Microalbuminuria is thought to reflect the glomerular component of a systemic capillary leak10 that is fundamental to the pathogenesis of multiple …
Abstract 15410: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Dialysis Patients: Similar Outcome Compared to Conventional Biological or Mechanical Prosthesis at 5 Years
Authors: Gloria Faerber, Kubanychbek Abdyvasiev, Alexander Lauten, Martin Breuer, Mahmoud Diab, Hans R Figulla, Torsten Doenst
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objectives: Long term durability of transcatheter aortic valves (TAVI) remains a key issue in this rapidly growing field. We reasoned that if durability of TAVI is limited, it should show first in patients with high appearance rates of structural valve deterioration. Methods: We analyzed all our chronic dialysis patients (n=103) who underwent aortic valve replacement with either mechanical (mech: n=31), biological (bio: n=54) or TAVI (n=18) prostheses between 2001 and 2014. Results: TAVI patients were oldest (76±6.6 years vs. bio 71±7.5 vs. mech 59±12.5; p<0.05), had the highest rate of coronary artery disease (78% vs. bio 54% vs. mech 54%; n.s.) and diabetes (72% vs. bio 37% vs. mech 42%; p<0.05). Endocarditis was present in the conventional group only (bio 9%, mech 16%). ReOP were most frequent in the TAVI group (28% vs. bio 6% vs. mech 9%). Euroscores were 37±24% for TAVI, 24±20 for biological and 16±18% for mechanical (p<0.005). Mortality (30d) was lowest for patients with biological valves (7%) compa...
Managing demand: Managing demand for secondary care services: the changing context
Authors: N. Edwards, M. Hensher
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This is the last of five articles on ways of managing demand for health care

Little strong evidence exists to explain the sustained growth in demand for hospital services shown in the table, but changes in population structure, numbers of people living alone, pressures on primary care, risk management, patient expectations, and an increased ability to treat are frequently cited as possible reasons for this seemingly inexorable rise.1

The desire to reduce, or at least contain, demand in the hospital sector is undoubtedly related to this growth and to the need to control costs. There is also a concern about the appropriateness of hospital care for many conditions, and there are growing opportunities to provide modes of care which may better meet patients' needs and may, in some circumstances, be cheaper.

The previous paper in this series discussed demand management at the interface between primary care and secondary care. Attempts to segment primary and secondary care are inevitably somewhat artificial. figure 1, however, shows a highly simplified representation of the relation over time between the natural progression of a chronic illness and the thresholds between different healthcare sectors.

#### Summary points

Below a certain degree of severity (threshold A) a patient's condition can be managed …
Abstract 16661: Mutation Type and Number Influence Severity of Pediatric Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Phenotype
Authors: Jacob Mathew, Laura Zahavich, Judith Wilson, Lee Benson, Sarah Bowdin, Seema Mital
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Improved clinical genetic testing platforms for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) have increased detection of pathogenic lesions and of variants of unknown significance (VUS). We assessed the association of mutation type and number with severity and outcomes in pediatric HCM.   Methods:  All pediatric patients at our institution who were mutation-positive for HCM genes on clinical panel or mutation-specific testing between 2000-14 were included. Patients with pathogenic variants or VUS were further analyzed. Primary outcomes included freedom from major adverse cardiac events (MACE), and severity of LV hypertrophy (LVH) during follow-up. Severe LVH was defined as a septal thickness z-score > +5. Freedom from events between different genotype groups was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-Rank test using STATA v12 (STATACorp, TX).   Results:  Pathogenic variants or VUS were identified in 79 patients; 50 were male, 62 were familial and 41 were phenotype-negative at presentation. Mutation frequency was highest in MYBPC3 (n=42), and MYH7 (n=30), with 7 patients harboring mutations in other known HCM genes. Thirty four MACE occurred in 27 patients (9 myectomies, 20 ICDs, 3 cardiac arrests, 1 transplant, 1 death). Patients carrying mutations in MYH7 had lower freedom from MACE (HR = 2.42, p= 0.028, fig. 1) and earlier onset of severe LV hypertrophy (HR = 2.11, p=0.025). Ten patients harbored >1 lesion in one or more HCM genes (3 Pathogenic, 7 VUS). Patients with compound mutations had lower freedom from MACE compared to those with a single mutation (HR 2.54, p=0.034), which was due to lower freedom from ICD insertion (HR 4.34, p=0.001).   Conclusions:  Mutations in MYH7 and occurrence of multiple mutations in one/more HCM genes was associated with higher risk of severe septal hypertrophy and MACE during follow-up in pediatric HCM patients. This suggests that secondary mutations or VUS in HCM genes may inform prognosis even in those with a known pathogenic mutation.
Book: Dictionary of Health Economics
Authors: A. Donald
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Alan Earl-Slater Radcliffe Medical Press, £19.95, pp 164 ISBN 1 85775337 2 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Is economics really a “dismal science” (the sobriquet used by John Maynard Keynes and others during the great depression but first thought to be used by Lord Carlyle) with limited relevance to patient care? I thought it was until I studied it and was embarrassed by my previous disdain. Certainly economics, like epidemiology, is a partial lens that does not always reveal important information. For example, supply and demand curves do not always … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Quantitative definition of tubular proteinuria based on studies of patients with mutations of the CLCN5 chloride channel gene (Dents disease and X-linked recessive nephrolithiasis)
Authors: Anthony G. W. Norden, John R. Asplin, Monique Deschodt Lanckman, Marta Lapsley, Joëlle Nortier, S. J. Scheinman, R. V. Thakker, Robert Unwin, Oliver Wrong
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)
708. Retroviral Vector Integration into the Genome of Rhesus Macaque Long-Term Repopulating Cells
Authors: Cole Ferguson, Rima Adler, Stephanie Sellers, Manfred Schmidt, Christof von Kalle, Cynthia Dunbar, Boris Calmels
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Replication defective retroviruses are very attractive tools for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) gene therapy largely because of their ability to integrate into genomic DNA. While the risk of insertional mutagenesis has long been recognized, reports of neoplasia consecutive to proto-oncogenes' activation in mice and humans have refocused attention on the safety limitations of these vectors. Mapping studies of retroviral integration sites (RIS) in human cell lines have suggested that retroviral vectors favor integration near transcriptional start sites. Medical applications using these vectors are aimed at HSC, and thus large-scale analysis of RIS in a relevant pre-clinical situation is essential to assess the safety of HSC gene therapy. Here we report the mapping of 423 RIS in a long-term model of autologous retrovirally-transduced HSC transplantation in the non-human primate (Macaca mulatta). Circulating granulocytes and mononuclear cells from 22 rhesus macaques, transplanted with G-CSF + SCF mobilized CD34+ peripheral blood stem cells transduced with an amphotropic Moloney murine leukemia-derived vector containing a neomycin-resistance marker gene, have been analyzed between one and five years after transplantation. Genomic regions adjacent to RIS have been retrieved using linear amplification-mediated PCR followed by shotgun TA cloning, and mapped to the NCBI build 34 of the human genome sequence. Out of the 423 RIS retrieved, 37% landed between the transcriptional start and stop codons of a member of the well-defined RefSeq set of genes, 55% were located in non-coding regions of the genome and 8% were found to be in interspersed repeats and therefore not mappable. Analysis of the targeted genomic regions provides evidence for non-random insertion: 8 independent RIS, recovered from 6 animals, have been mapped within the 2 first introns of the myelodysplasia syndrome 1 gene (MDS1), and seven other genes have 2 independent insertions. Among these 8 genes, it is noteworthy that three are known to be involved in chromosomal rearrangements observed in spontaneous acute human leukemias: the proto-oncogene runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1), the fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and MDS1. The presence of the fusion sequence between the genomic MDS1 region and the 5'-LTR of the vector has been confirmed using insertion-specific primers for 6 out of the 8 events, and clonal evolution as well as expression of the targeted gene are being analyzed. These observations suggest that retroviral integration in long-term repopulating HSC is highly non-random and is favored at specific loci. Systematic mapping of RIS after HSC gene transfer in the non-human primate will provide critical pre-clinical data necessary for risk assessment of such vectors, and offers also a powerful means for identifying genes involved in the biology of HSC.
Poisoning from smoke grenades is not due to phosgene
Authors: N Karlsson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

Poisoning from smoke grenades is not due to phosgeneRecently WANG et al.[1) reported on a case of "phosgene poisoning from a smoke grenade" in The European Journal of Respiratory Diseases.Poisoning occurred upon the inhalation of smoke from a pyrotechnic mixture composed of zinc oxide, hexachloroethane and calcium silicide.The grenade was activated in a confined space resulting in high concentrations of the smoke.The description of the symptoms observed in the exposed person are in accordance with other reports on smoke poisoning in man [2,3].However, the conclusion given by the authors that the smoke grenade is "another source of phosgene poisoning" is hereby questionned.During combustion of pyrotechnic mixtures of zinc oxide and hexachloroethane, a hygroscopic aerosol of zinc chloride is formed.This finely dispersed aerosol is the main constituent of the smoke.In addition organic combustion products like amorphous coal, chlorinated hydrocarbons like hexachlorobenzene, hexachlorobutadiene, tetrachloroethylene, noncombusted hexachloroethane and relatively high concentrations of po1yaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are found in the smoke [4,5].In addition to zinc chloride, inorganic combustion products like hydrogen chloride [2.4] and phosgene [1] have been reported.The presence of hydrogen chloride could not be confirmed upon analysis of smoke with infra-red (IR) or mass spectrometry (CASSEL et al., manuscript in preparation).By using Drager tubes for hydrogen c hloride, we found thatllle colour reaction obtained was identical for hydrogen chloride and smoke.However, with a membrane filter in front of the Drllger tube, no colour reaction was seen.According to JARVlS [6), the combustion of a pyretechnic white smoke composed of zinc oxide and hexachloroethane gives phosgene as an intermediate.The concentration of phosgene in the smoke is generally very low [6,7] and probably of limited importance from a toxicological point of view.A more plausible explanation of the symptoms described by WANG et al. [1] is the presence of zinc chloride in the smoke.Zinc chloride is a known irritant to the skin and mucous membranes [8).On acute inhalation of zinc chloride in rats the LC50 for a ten min exposure period was around 2,000 mg•m• 3 [9).The combustion of 1 g of a stoichiometric mixture of zinc oxide and hexachloroethane gives approximately 1 g of zinc chloride.The smallest Swedish smoke grenade of this type contains around 550g of smoke mixture.ll can be assumed that the combustion efficiency is about 75%, and consequently around 485g of zinc chloride is formed from this grenade.This amount would give an extremely high concentration if distributed under a poncho, as in the case described by
Book: Time of Our Lives
Authors: S. Charlifue
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Tom Kirkwood Weidenfeld and Nicolson, £20, pp 287 ISBN 0 297 84247 1 Rating:![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img> No matter how much our lives have improved over the past century, the never ending search for health and longevity continues. Unfortunately, it seems that we humans want it all—not only do we relish the prospect of long life, but we want to enjoy it with the undiminished mental and physical prowess of youth. Modern science tempts us to believe that anything is possible when it comes to improving the human … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif
Dominant effector genetics in mammalian cells
Authors: Xiang Xu, Cindy Leo, Yngju Jang, Eva Chan, David Padilla, Betty C.B. Huang, Tong Lin, Tarikere Gururaja, Yasumichi Hitoshi, James B. Lorens, David C. Anderson, Branimir Sikic, Ying Luo, Donald G. Payan, Garry P. Nolan
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)