tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Seroconversion from Hepatitis B e Antigen in Chronic Type B Hepatitis
Authors: STEVEN M. WAGNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1981Seroconversion from Hepatitis B e Antigen in Chronic Type B HepatitisSTEVEN M. WAGNER, M.D.STEVEN M. WAGNER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-5-656 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: I read with great interest the paper by Hoofnagle and associates (1). Information on the natural history of type B chronic hepatitis is welcomed by anyone treating patients with chronic liver disease.I take exception to their recommendations on therapy with corticosteroids in patients with type B hepatitis. Corticosteroids have not been shown to be efficacious in treating type B hepatitis regardless of the severity of histologic changes. A previous paper (2) by many of the same authors as the recentAnnalsarticle did recommend treatment with corticosteroids for symptomatic patients who had severe histologic abnormalities and...References1. HOOFNAGLEDUSHEIKOSEEFFJONESWAGGONERBALES JGLEJZ. Seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen to antibody in chronic type B hepatitis. Ann Intern Med. 1981;94:744-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WRIGHTSEEFFBERKJONESPLOTZ ELPEP. Treatment of chronic active hepatitis: an analysis of three controlled trials. Gastroenterology. 1977;73:1422-30. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. LAMLAITREPOWU KCCP. Deleterious effect of prednisolone in HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:380-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. LAMLAINGTREPOWU KCRCP. Deleterious effect of prednisolone in HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 1981;304:380-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. NGLAMLAIWU RKCP. Prednisolone in HBsAg-positive chronic active hepatitis. N Engl J Med. 1981;305:283. Letter. Google Scholar3. SCULLARDROBINSONMERIGANGREGORY GWTP. The effect of immunosuppressive therapy in hepatitis B viral infection in patients with chronic hepatitis. Gastroenterology. 1979;77:A40. Abstract. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1981Volume 95, Issue 5Page: 656-657KeywordsAntigensChronic hepatitisChronic liver diseaseCorticosteroid therapyHepatitisHepatitis BHepatitis E Issue Published: 1 November 1981 PDF DownloadLoading ...
V(D)J recombination in peritoneal B cells of leaky scid mice.
Authors: D B Kotloff, M J Bosma, N R Ruetsch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

Developing lymphocytes in immune-deficient severe combined immunodeficient (scid) mice express a defective recombinase activity and rarely succeed in making an antigen receptor; those cells that do succeed account for the known B and T cell leakiness in this mutant mouse strain. To gain more insight into the nature of the scid defect, we assessed the status of heavy (H) and light (L)k, chain genes in immunoglobulin (Ig)Mk-secreting B cells from the peritoneal cavity of old leaky scid mice, the only lymphoid site where scid B cells have been routinely detected. We found these cells to be unusual in that their nonexpressed H chain alleles were either abnormally rearranged or in germline configuration (wild-type B cells generally show normal rearrangements at both H chain alleles). The VDJH junctions of the expressed alleles showed little or no nontemplated (N) addition, similar to neonatal B cells from wild-type mice. About half of the V(D)J junctions lacking N additions contained nucleotides that could have been encoded by either of the participating coding elements (VDH, DJH, or VJk), indicating that the recombination occurred between short stretches of homology. Unusually long templated (P) additions were seen in both VDJH and VJK junctions, and many recombinations appeared to involve P-based homologies. These findings suggest that: (a) B cell leakiness results from a low frequency of coding joint formation in cells expressing the defective scid recombinase activity; (b) joining of scid coding ends is facilitated when the ends contain short stretches of sequence homology, where in many cases, one of the homologous sequences results from a P addition; and (c) scid peritoneal B cells may arise early in ontogeny.
Metal Content in Ayurvedic Medicines
Authors: Jun J. Mao
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor corrects panleukopenia in patients with WHIM syndrome
Authors: David H. McDermott, Qian Liu, Jean Ulrick, Nana Kwatemaa, Sandra Anaya-O'Brien, Scott R. Penzak, Joao Oliveira Filho, Debra A. Long Priel, Corin Kelly, Mary Garofalo, Patricia Littel, Martha M. Marquesen, Diane Hilligoss, Rosamma DeCastro, Thomas A. Fleisher, Douglas B. Kuhns, Harry L. Malech, Philip M. Murphy
Journal: Blood (2011)
Implementation of an Intern Boot Camp Curriculum to Address Clinical Competencies Under the New Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Supervision Requirements and Duty Hour Restrictions
Authors: Aleksandra Krajewski, Dawn Filippa, Ilene Staff, Rekha Singh, Orlando C. Kirton
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2013)

Today's general surgery interns are faced with increased duty hour restrictions and stringent competency-based supervision milestone requirements (ie, from direct to indirect supervision). Working within these constraints, we instituted a unique 2-month intern curriculum (boot camp) incorporating knowledge-based, experiential, and practical components.To describe our curriculum and the effect on resident performance and teaching faculty and nursing staff perceptions.All interns underwent a 2-month (July and August 2011) boot camp curriculum consisting of two 2½-hour knowledge-based and procedural skills (SimMan) didactic sessions per week and completion of 25 core intensive introductory American College of Surgeons Fundamentals of Surgery web-based self-study modules, followed by a standardized patient clinical skills assessment.Integrated general surgery residency program at the University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington.Postgraduate year 1 general surgery categorical and preliminary residents.We used several assessment tools, including an intern boot camp survey, clinical skills assessment scores, intern American Board of Surgeons In-Training Examination scores, and nursing staff and teaching faculty surveys of intern performance and aptitudes compared with the previous year's interns. Data were analyzed by independent group t test, χ2 tests of proportions, and Fisher exact test for small sample cross tables.In total, 84% (91 of 108) of intern respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the usefulness, relevance, and execution of the boot camp. Compared with the previous year's interns, the nursing staff agreed or strongly agreed that the cohort interns were better at patient assessment, collaboration, and effective communication and provided compassionate and respectful patient care. More than 40% (7 of 17) of surveyed teaching faculty agreed or strongly agreed that the cohort interns demonstrated better patient care and procedural skills and self-confidence compared with the previous year's interns. The clinical skills assessment scores after the 2-month boot camp paralleled the scores typically seen at the end of the previous 2 internship years (P > .25 for all). The proportion of nondesignated and categorical interns pursuing careers in general surgery scoring in the top quartile on the American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination increased from 7% (2 of 28) to 50% (5 of 10) compared with the previous 2 internship years (P = .01).Recent changes in intern duty hours and supervision rules mandate that residency training programs must institute a competency-oriented curriculum to provide interns with the necessary knowledge and practical skills to attain clinical competence.
Scintigraphic Detection of Transient Afferent Loop Obstruction
Authors: B CHANDRAMOULI, SHIV M. GUPTA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

The intestinal phase of cholescintigraphy may be used to study the state of small bowel dysfunction. A patient with transient afferent limb obstruction following a Billroth II gastrojejunostomy was diagnosed by cholescintigraphy. The study also was instrumental in recommending conservative management of the patient, thereby avoiding major surgical intervention.
Opposition to abortion is growing in Southern and Midwestern US states
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Americans’ views on abortion vary widely by region and the gap between opinions in the Northeast and the West, and those in the South and Midwest is growing, says a report from the Pew Research Center, a non-partisan public opinion and social research organization.

Although a new poll found that the majority of Americans supported legal abortion, with more than half (54%) saying that it should be …
Contribution of de novo fatty acid synthesis to hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance: lessons from genetically engineered mice
Authors: Catherine Postic, Jean Girard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. NAFLD represents a large spectrum of diseases ranging from (i) fatty liver (hepatic steatosis); (ii) steatosis with inflammation and necrosis; and (iii) cirrhosis. Although the molecular mechanism leading to the development of hepatic steatosis in the pathogenesis of NAFLD is complex, recent animal models have shown that modulating important enzymes in fatty acid synthesis in liver may be key for the treatment of NAFLD. This review discusses recent advances in the field.
Targeting of phosphatidylserine by monoclonal antibodies reverses an immunosuppressive checkpoint inducing innate and specific anti-tumor responses
Authors: Jian Gong, Rich Archer, Van Nguyen, Jeff Hutchins, Bruce Freimark
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Phosphatidylserine (PS) is a phospholipid normally residing in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane and becomes exposed on tumor vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and tumor cells, and exposure is enhanced in response to chemotherapy, irradiation and oxidative stresses in the
Reduction in mortality from breast cancer
Authors: Peter C Gøtzsche, Hazel Thornton, Karsten J Jørgensen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Reduction in mortality from breast cancerDecrease with screening was marked in younger age group Editor-Based on a complicated statistical model, Olsen et al reported that the breast cancer mortality in Copenhagen dropped by 25% for women aged 50-79 when comparing mortality in the screening period (1991-2001) with a pre-screening period (1981-91) and claimed that this decrease was caused by screening. 1According to Statistics Denmark, 217 breast cancer deaths occurred in Copenhagen in the age group 35-54 years in the period 1981-90 and 196 deaths in 1991-2000. 2By comparing these data with those in the article by Olsen et al we calculate that less than 5% of the breast cancer mortality in this age group is caused by tumours diagnosed after age 50 years when women were invited to screening.The number of exposure years increased from about 484 000 to about 538 000.This gives a significant 19% (age adjusted) reduction in breast cancer mortality in the age group 35-54 years.No reduction at all occurred in the age group 55-79. 2Our estimates are based on raw and complete data.In contrast, the estimates in the paper by Olsen et al are sensitive to exclusion of data and model choice.In Copenhagen a drop in breast cancer mortality may reflect a higher fertility quotient due to non-Western immigration, fewer nulliparous women, and other non-screening related factors.It is therefore strange that no causal note was made by Olsen et al on the marked decrease in the breast cancer mortality in the age group 35-54 years.
Search and Analysis of Identical Reverse Octapeptides in Unrelated Proteins
Authors: Konda Mani Saravanan, Samuel Selvaraj
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2013)

Abstract For the past few decades, intensive studies have been carried out in an attempt to understand how the amino acid sequences of proteins encode their three dimensional structures to perform their specific functions. In order to understand the sequence-structure relationship of proteins, several sub-sequence search studies in non-redundant sequence-structure databases have been undertaken which have given some fruitful clues. In our earlier work, we analyzed a set of 3124 non-redundant protein sequences from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and retrieved 30 identical octapeptides having different secondary structures. These octapeptides were characterized by using different computational procedures. This prompted us to explore the presence of octapeptides with reverse sequences and to analyze whether these octapeptides would adopt similar structures as that of their parent octapeptides. Our identical reverse octapeptide search resulted in the finding of eight octapeptide pairs (octapeptide and reverse octapeptide) with similar secondary structure and 23 octapeptide pairs with different secondary structures. In the present work, the geometrical and biophysical characteristics of identical reverse octapeptides were explored and compared with unrelated octapeptide pairs by using various computational tools. We thus conclude that proteins containing identical reverse octapeptides are not very abundant and residues in the octapeptide pairs do not contribute to the stability of the protein. Furthermore, compared to unrelated octapeptides, identical reverse octapeptides do not show certain biophysical and geometrical properties.
Aortography by Catheterization of the Right Atrium
Authors: Alfonso Zerbi-Ortiz, William V. Weldon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE advances in vascular surgery during the past decade have created a demand for a sale and reliable method of opacification of the aorta and its major branches. The exact diagnosis and localization of arterial lesions are no longer medical curiosities but are problems of utmost clinical importance. The method of aortic opacification reported in this paper meets all these criteria.dos Santos et al.1 introduced translumbar aortography in 1929, but it was many years before this method was used in the United Slates. Serious complications and several deaths have been recorded in the medical literature.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Other methods for aortic . . .
Placental growth factor mediates aldosterone-dependent vascular injury in mice
Authors: Iris Z. Jaffe, Brenna G. Newfell, Mark Aronovitz, Najwa N. Mohammad, Adam P. McGraw, Roger E. Perreault, Peter Carmeliet, Afshin Ehsan, Michael E. Mendelsohn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

In clinical trials, aldosterone antagonists reduce cardiovascular ischemia and mortality by unknown mechanisms. Aldosterone is a steroid hormone that signals through renal mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) to regulate blood pressure. MRs are expressed and regulate gene transcription in human vascular cells, suggesting that aldosterone might have direct vascular effects. Using gene expression profiling, we identify the pro-proliferative VEGF family member placental growth factor (PGF) as an aldosterone-regulated vascular MR target gene in mice and humans. Aldosterone-activated vascular MR stimulated Pgf gene transcription and increased PGF protein expression and secretion in the mouse vasculature. In mouse vessels with endothelial damage and human vessels from patients with atherosclerosis, aldosterone enhanced expression of PGF and its receptor, FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (Flt1). In atherosclerotic human vessels, MR antagonists inhibited PGF expression. In vivo, aldosterone infusion augmented vascular remodeling in mouse carotids following wire injury, an effect that was lost in Pgf-/- mice. In summary, we have identified PGF as what we believe to be a novel downstream target of vascular MR that mediates aldosterone augmentation of vascular injury. These findings suggest a non-renal mechanism for the vascular protective effects of aldosterone antagonists in humans and support targeting the vascular aldosterone/MR/PGF/Flt1 pathway as a therapeutic strategy for ischemic cardiovascular disease.
Current Problems in Pediatric Hematology
Authors: Ruth Andrea Seeler
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This compact, 180-page monograph, reprinted from the April and July 1975 issues of<i>Seminars in Hematology</i>, is an eclectic collection of 11 definitive review articles by acknowledged experts within pediatric hematology. Although taken from a hematological seminar series, this book is for the practicing pediatrician and not a collection of esoterica of interest only to other hematologists. Each chapter is extensively referenced with both current and classic papers; the tables and illustrations are appropriate in number and of high quality and excellent organization. The areas covered represent those with the greatest progress in recent years. Four reviews are devoted to neonatal hematological problems and include discussions of the anemia of prematurity, bleeding problems, Rh erythroblastosis, and erythrocyte metabolism. Hemostasis is represented by two papers on the therapy of hemophilia and a discussion of inherited defects of platelet function, in addition to the neonatal hemostasis chapter. The field of hemoglobinopathies includes
Long-term Survival of the Juvenile Lethal Arginase-deficient Mouse With AAV Gene Therapy
Authors: Eun K. Lee, Chuhong Hu, Ragini Bhargava, Nora Rozengurt, David Stout, Wayne W Grody, Stephen D Cederbaum, Gerald S Lipshutz
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Arginase deficiency is characterized by hyperargininemia and infrequent episodes of hyperammonemia. Human patients suffer from neurological impairment with spasticity, loss of ambulation, seizures, and severe mental and growth retardation. In a murine model, onset of the phenotypic abnormality is heralded by weight loss beginning around day 15 with death occurring typically by postnatal day 17 with hyperargininemia and markedly elevated ammonia. The goal of this study was to address the development of a gene therapy approach for arginase deficiency beginning in the neonatal period. Lifespan extension, body weight, circulating amino acids and ammonia levels were examined as outcome parameters after gene therapy with an adeno-associated viral vector expressing arginase was administered to mice on the second day of life (DOL). One-hundred percent of untreated arginase-deficient mice died by DOL 24, whereas 89% of the adeno-associated virus (AAV)-treated arginase deficient mice have survived for >8 months. While animals at 8 months demonstrate elevated glutamine levels, ammonia is less than three times that of controls and arginine levels are normal. These studies are the first to demonstrate that AAV-based therapy for arginase deficiency is effective and supports the development of gene therapy for this and the other urea cycle disorders.
Predictors of the progression of renal disease in the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study
Authors: None Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study Group, Lawrence G. Hunsicker, Sharon Adler, Arlene Caggiula, Brian K. England, Tom Greene, John W. Kusek, Nancy L. Rogers, Paul E. Teschan, Gerald Beck
Journal: Kidney International (1997)
581. IL-23 Is Required for B-Cell Memory after CD40 Ligand-Modified Dendritic Cell Vaccination
Authors: Mingquan Zheng, Jolia A. Bindas, Rekha Rapaka, Jay K. Kolls
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Rationale CD40 ligand modified dendritic cells (DCs) can elicit IL-12 and IL-23, as well as CD4-independent antibody responses. IL-23 has been shown to act on memory T cells. Due to this we investigated whether DC expression of IL-12 or IL-23 is required for B-cell memory after CD40L-modified DC-based vaccination using antigen from Pneumocystis carinii (PC) Methods Bone-marrow derived DCs from IL-12/23 p40, IL-12 p35 knockout mice, and wild-type mice were transduced with AdCD40L, pulsed with PC antigen ex vivo, and then injected intravenously into naïve mice. Anti-PC antibody and isotype was determined serially followed by boosting with PC antigen to determine amnestic responses. To confirm role of IL-23 in CD4 T cells independent immune response, Bone-marrow derived DCs from p40 knockout mice and wild-type mice were gene modified with AdCD40L and/or AdIL-23, pulsed with PC antigen ex vivo, and then injected intravenously into CD4 depleted mice. Anti-PC antibody and isotype was determined serially by ELISA and Western-blot Results Mice vaccinated with IL-12p40 or IL-23p19-deficeint DCs had significantly lower anti-PC IgG2a compared to wild-type or mice vaccinated with IL-12 p35KO DCs. Memory responses as assessed by amnestic antibody responses were significantly reduced in IL12p40 or IL-23p19 KO DC vaccinated mice. IL-23 and CD40L gene medication was able to resort IgG2a as well as memory B-cell responses in IL-12p40 deficient DCs even when administered to mice deficient in CD4+ T-cells. Conclusion IL-23 plays a critical role in generating memory B-cell responses and may serve as a useful CD4+ T-cell independent adjuvant.