tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mental health policies on reporting child sexual abuse and physician‐patient sexual relationships
Authors: DONNA E. STEWART, ERIK VENOS, IRAM J. ASHRAF
Journal: World Psychiatry (2009)

The reporting of child sexual abuse (CSA) and physician-patient sexual relationships (PPSR) are currently the focus of professional, legal and media attention in several countries. This paper briefly reviews mental health policies on these issues and reports on a WPA survey of them. While the WPA Madrid Declaration permits breaching confidentiality for mandatory reporting of CSA and clearly prohibits PPSR, it is not known how or to what extent these policies are implemented in WPA Member Societies' countries. It is also not known whether policies or laws exist on these topics nationally or to what extent psychiatrists and the public are aware of them. Representatives of WPA Member Societies were e-mailed a survey about issues pertaining to CSA and PPSR. Fifty-one percent of 109 countries replied. All reporting countries had laws or policies regarding the reporting of CSA, but this was often voluntary (63%) and without protection for reporting psychiatrists either by law (29%) or by Member Societies (27%). A substantial number of psychiatric leaders did not know the law (27%) or their Society's policy (11%) on these matters. With respect to PPSR, some reporting countries lacked laws or policies about PPSR with current (17%) or past (56%) patients. Fewer than half of responding representatives believed that their Society's members or the public were well informed about the laws and policies pertaining to CSA or PPSR. There is clearly a wide range of laws, policies and practices about CSA and PPSR in WPA Member Societies' countries. There is a need in some countries for laws or supplemental policies to facilitate the protection of vulnerable child and adult patients through clear, mandatory reporting policies for CSA and PPSR. Mechanisms to protect and support reporting psychiatrists should also be developed where they do not already exist. There is also a need in some countries to develop strategies to improve the education of psychiatrists, trainees, and the public on these issues.
Should the Term<i>Coagulopathy in Cirrhosis</i>Be Abandoned?
Authors: Francesco Violi
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome Among a Racially/Ethnically Diverse Group of U.S. Eighth-Grade Adolescents and Associations With Fasting Insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance Levels
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

The purpose of this study was to report the prevalence of the International Diabetes Federation (IDF)-defined metabolic syndrome and its components among a cross-sectional sample of racially/ethnically diverse eighth grade youths and examine the association between the presence of the syndrome and participant fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels.Data were from a cross-sectional study with 1,453 racially/ethnically diverse eighth grade students from 12 middle schools in three U.S. states (Texas, North Carolina, and California). Height, weight, waist circumference, and blood pressure were recorded. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, and insulin; HOMA-IR was calculated. Sex, race/ethnicity, and pubertal stage were self-reported. IDF criteria were used to determine the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome. The odds ratio for being classified with the syndrome was calculated by quintiles of fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.Of the sample, 138 students (9.5%) were classified with metabolic syndrome. Hispanics were more likely to have high abdominal adiposity and high triglycerides. Male adolescents were more likely to have high triglycerides, low HDL cholesterol, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. Participants in the highest insulin quintile were almost 200 times more likely to be classified with the syndrome than participants in the lowest quintile with comparable associations for HOMA-IR quintiles.In a racially/ethnically diverse sample of U.S. adolescents, 9.5% of participants were identified with the metabolic syndrome using the IDF criteria. The likelihood of metabolic syndrome classification significantly increased with higher insulin and HOMA-IR values.
Abstract 3989: High throughput screening highlights NFkB signaling in Ewing sarcoma
Authors: Didier Surdez, Gautier Stoll, Franck Tirode, Karine Laud, Emmanuel Barillot, Olivier Delattre
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Ewing sarcoma (ES) is the second most frequent pediatric bone tumor and still remains of poor prognosis especially for metastatic patients. Genetically, ES is characterized by a chromosomal translocation between EWSR1 and ETS family members (FLI1 in 85% of cases). This leads to the expression of EWS-FLI1 chimeric oncogene transcription factor. Aiming at identifying EWS-FLI1 regulated genes with potential therapeutic targets, a genome wide method was developed to rank these potential hits by combining Ewing sarcoma transcriptome and ChIPSeq data. Accordingly, 273 selected genes were further investigated using a siRNA approach for their impact on cell cycle phases and apoptosis using high throughput imaging methods. 133 of these genes displayed a phenotype and bioinformatics tools were used to connect these genes. NFkB turned out to be a major hub in this network and upstream activation pathways were further investigated. Interleukin-1 pathway may account for this observed effect and in vitro and in vivo experiments are currently on going to validate this hypothesis. Interestingly, preliminary results indicate that both tumor and tumor microenvironment are of prime importance for the activation of this pathway. Citation Format: Didier Surdez, Gautier Stoll, Franck Tirode, Karine Laud, Emmanuel Barillot, Olivier Delattre. High throughput screening highlights NFkB signaling in Ewing sarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3989. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3989
A comparative study of a 595-nm with a 585-nm pulsed dye laser in refractory port wine stains
Authors: A. Yung, R. Sheehan-Dare
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Background The pulsed dye laser (PDL) is the treatment of choice for port wine stains (PWS); however, some patients' PWS become refractory to further treatments. Technological advances have enabled new machines with the advent of surface cooling devices to deliver longer wavelengths and higher fluence more safely. These advances have the potential to achieve improved response rates in refractory PWS. There are few studies comparing the efficacy of standard PDL treatments for refractory PWS with the wider choice of treatment variables available from newer PDL machines. Objectives To determine if there is any advantage of using a longer wavelength (595 nm) and pulse widths (1·5 ms, 6 ms and 20 ms) over conventional PDL settings (wavelength 585 nm, pulse width 1·5 ms) in refractory PWS. Methods Eighteen consecutive consenting patients with Fitzpatrick skin types 1–4 with a mean age 35 years (range 17–59 years) with refractory PWS were treated routinely with three separate test areas using 595-nm PDL (using three different pulse width settings of 1·5 ms, 6 ms and 20 ms), compared with test areas treated with 585-nm PDL (pulse width 1·5 ms). All test areas were treated with an identical fluence (15 J cm−2), spot size (7 mm) and cooling setting (dynamic cooling 60 ms, delay 60 ms). Results We found a statistically significant advantage of 595-nm PDL (pulse width 1·5 ms) over 595-nm PDL (pulse width 6 ms) (P < 0·05) in the treatment of refractory PWS; however, we found no significant advantage using longer pulse widths of 20 ms compared with 1·5 ms with the 595-nm PDL. There was no statistically significant advantage in using a 595-nm PDL over a 585-nm PDL using identical pulse widths of 1·5 ms, spot size, fluence and cryogen cooling settings; however, the number of directly comparable test areas was smaller. Some individual patients in our study obtained a better response with certain 595-nm PDL settings (pulse width 1·5 ms and 6 ms) compared with 585-nm PDL (pulse width 1·5 ms). Conclusions Our experience of high fluence PDL in the treatment of refractory PWS suggests patients treated with 585 nm (pulse width 1·5 ms) improve to a similar degree as patients treated with 595-nm PDL (pulse width 1·5 ms). However, the use of the 595-nm PDL with longer pulse widths yields no extra advantage. For those patients who have failed to improve with high-fluence 585-nm PDL (pulse width 1·5 ms), test areas using 595-nm PDL (pulse width 1·5 ms and 6 ms) should be undertaken to ascertain if individual patients may benefit from the longer pulse width 595-nm PDL.
Adolescence Risk Factors Are Predictive of Coronary Artery Calcification at Middle Age
Authors: Olli Hartiala, Costan G. Magnussen, Sami Kajander, Juhani Knuuti, Heikki Ukkonen, Antti Saraste, Irina Rinta-Kiikka, Sakari Kainulainen, Mika Kähönen, Nina Hutri-Kähönen, Tomi Laitinen, Terho Lehtimäki, Jorma S.A. Viikari, Jaakko Hartiala, Markus Juonala, Olli T. Raitakari
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A radiation hybrid map of the rat genome containing 5,255 markers
Authors: Takeshi K. Watanabe, Marie-Therese Bihoreau, Linda C. McCarthy, Susanna L. Kiguwa, Haretsugu Hishigaki, Atsushi Tsuji, Julie Browne, Yuki Yamasaki, Ayako Mizoguchi-Miyakita, Keiko Oga, Toshihide Ono, Shiro Okuno, Naohide Kanemoto, Ei-ichi Takahashi, Kazuhiro Tomita, Hiromi Hayashi, Masakazu Adachi, Caleb Webber, Marie Davis, Susanne Kiel, Catherine Knights, Angela Smith, Ricky Critcher, Jonathan Miller, Thiru Thangarajah, Philip J.R. Day, James R. Hudson, Yasuo Irie, Toshihisa Takagi, Yusuke Nakamura, Peter N. Goodfellow, G. Mark Lathrop, Akira Tanigami, Michael R. James
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)
Nucleoside diphosphate kinase activity of nm23-H1 and H2 is not critical for the phosphorylation of deoxynucleoside analogs in the cells
Authors: Preethi Krishnan, Yung-Chi Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2967 

Nucleoside analogs are an important class of anti-cancer and anti-viral agents. Most of the D-deoxy and D-dideoxy nucleoside analogs used in the clinic require their phosphorylation to the respective triphosphate metabolites, in order to exert their activity through inhibition of DNA synthesis. The last step in the phosphorylation of these analogs has been assumed to be catalyzed by nucleoside diphosphate (NDP) kinases of the nm23 family of proteins, based on the in vitro studies. Of the eight isoforms of nm23, only the H1 and H2 isoforms are localized in the cytosol. Our earlier studies with nucleoside metabolizing enzymes isolated from a human hepatoma cell line showed that D-nucleoside analog diphosphates were capable of being phosphorylated by NDP kinases as well as by creatine kinase, pyruvate kinase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase. D-Dideoxy nucleoside analogs were in fact better substrates for creatine kinase. In order to explore this further, H1 and H2 were down-regulated in HelaS3 cell line (human cervical carcinoma) using siRNAs. The siRNA-H1 down-regulated H1 by 85 %, however, siRNA-H2 (due to sequence homology with H1) reduced expression of H1 by 50 % and H2 by at least 85 %. Moreover, use of both siRNAs down-regulated both proteins without significantly affecting the cellular growth. The relative NDP kinase activity in the corresponding cellular extracts was reduced 25 % by siRNA-H1, 53 % by siRNA-H2 and 58 % by the combination of both siRNAs. This indicated that enzymes other than H1 and H2 contributed to the NDP kinase activity in the cellular extracts. Down-regulation of either or both the proteins did not have any significant effect on the ribonucleotide and deoxyribonucleotide pool. The effect of these proteins on the metabolism of gemcitabine and exogenous thymidine was also studied. Down-regulation of H1 decreased the amount of gemcitabine triphosphate and TTP formation. Their incorporation into the DNA also decreased. The down-regulation of H2 had no effect on the metabolism of gemcitabine or thymidine. This indicates that nucleoside metabolism does not require the NDP kinase activity of nm23-H2. The down-regulation of nm23-H1 does not correlate with the reduction in its NDP kinase activity or the effects on the metabolism of gemcitabine and thymidine. In conclusion, NDP kinase activity of nm23 H1 and H2 cannot account for the entire maintenance of ribonucleotide, deoxyribonucleotide pools or for the phosphorylation of anti-cancer agents like gemcitabine to the respective triphosphate metabolites. Cellular enzymes other than nm23-H1 must have NDP kinase activity. (This work is supported by NIH grants R01CA63477 and R01AI38204.)
The empiricist and his new clothes: DSM-III in perspective
Authors: David Faust, Richard A. Miner
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors examine and critique the methodological underpinnings and programmatic goals of DSM-III's underlying doctrine--strict empiricism. The methodological program of DSM-III emphasizes description and the reduction of inference and theory. Regardless of appearances to the contrary, these goals have not been approached, cannot be attained, and should not be pursued, at least in their extreme form. They are throwbacks to earlier and now revised views of science. These goals give the highest priority to things that either should not receive it or that are secondary outgrowths of other accomplishments, and they have the potential to discourage the conceptual and theoretical developments that are the prime movers of scientific progress, according to the authors.
Elution of antibodies from the lymphocyte membrane in certain dermatoses.
Authors: R. H. CORMANE, F. HAMERLINCK, S. HUSZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

Journal Article Elution of antibodies from the lymphocyte membrane in certain dermatoses: PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION Get access R. H. CORMANE, R. H. CORMANE Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam Binnengasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. HAMERLINCK, F. HAMERLINCK Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam Binnengasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. HUSZ S. HUSZ Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam Binnengasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 91, Issue 3, 1 September 1974, Pages 315–317, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb12901.x Published: 01 September 1974 Article history Accepted: 08 March 1974 Published: 01 September 1974
Rates of Diabetic Ketoacidosis: International Comparison With 49,859 Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes From England, Wales, the U.S., Austria, and Germany
Authors: David M. Maahs, Julia M. Hermann, Naomi Holman, Nicole C. Foster, Thomas M. Kapellen, Jeremy Allgrove, Desmond A. Schatz, Sabine E. Hofer, Fiona Campbell, Claudia Steigleder-Schweiger, Roy W. Beck, Justin T. Warner, Reinhard W. Holl
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children and adolescents with established type 1 diabetes is a major problem with considerable morbidity, mortality, and associated costs to patients, families, and health care systems. We analyzed data from three multinational type 1 diabetes registries/audits with similarly advanced, yet differing, health care systems with an aim to identify factors associated with DKA admissions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data from 49,859 individuals &amp;lt;18 years with type 1 diabetes duration ≥1 year from the Prospective Diabetes Follow-up Registry (DPV) initiative (n = 22,397, Austria and Germany), the National Paediatric Diabetes Audit (NPDA; n = 16,314, England and Wales), and the T1D Exchange (T1DX; n = 11,148, U.S.) were included. DKA was defined as ≥1 hospitalization for hyperglycemia with a pH &amp;lt;7.3 during the prior year. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression models. RESULTS The frequency of DKA was 5.0% in DPV, 6.4% in NPDA, and 7.1% in T1DX, with differences persisting after demographic adjustment (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). In multivariable analyses, higher odds of DKA were found in females (odds ratio [OR] 1.23, 99% CI 1.10–1.37), ethnic minorities (OR 1.27, 99% CI 1.11–1.44), and HbA1c ≥7.5% (≥58 mmol/mol) (OR 2.54, 99% CI 2.09–3.09 for HbA1c from 7.5 to &amp;lt;9% [58 to &amp;lt;75 mmol/mol] and OR 8.74, 99% CI 7.18–10.63 for HbA1c ≥9.0% [≥75 mmol/mol]). CONCLUSIONS These multinational data demonstrate high rates of DKA in childhood type 1 diabetes across three registries/audits and five nations. Females, ethnic minorities, and HbA1c above target were all associated with an increased risk of DKA. Targeted DKA prevention programs could result in substantial health care cost reduction and reduced patient morbidity and mortality.
Value of postirradiation screening for thyroid nodules. A controlled study of recalled patients
Authors: P. C. Royce
Journal: JAMA (1979)

We determined the occurrence of palpable thyroid abnormalities in 214 persons with verified history of head and neck irradiation and in 243 concurrently examined, nonirradiated persons (control subjects). Examinations were performed by two physicians, each unaware of the medical history of the examinees and of the findings of the other examiner. Thyroid nodules, either single or multiple, occurred in 6.1% of irradiated persons and in 4.5% of control subjects (95% confidence interval of the difference, -2.6% to +5.7%). Thyroid enlargement without nodules occurred in 5.6% of irradiated persons and in 3.7% of control subjects (95% confidence interval of the difference, -2.0% to +5.8%). Thyroid cancer was detected in one irradiated and in two nonirradiated persons. Our controlled study did not find an excess number of thyroid abnormalities in previously irradiated subjects. (<i>JAMA</i>242:2675-2678, 1979)
From Cradle to Grave: Fifty Years of the NHS, by Geoffrey Rivett
Authors: C. Webster
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Geoffrey Rivett

King's Fund Publishing, £25, pp 506 ISBN 1 85 717 1489

In his foreword, prime minister Tony Blair recommends Dr Rivett's work as an appropriate celebration of the past and as a perspective “which will help us plan for the future.” Rivett has accomplished a daunting task: within the space of a single volume he has provided a decade by decade account of the work of the National Health Service. It is the only book to provide both a survey of policy change and a full account of professional and clinical developments.

The latter is a particular strength of the book. Besides providing a great deal of information about medical advance, Rivett …
Comedo-like acantholytic dyskeratosis of the face and scalp: a new entity?
Authors: T. Nakagawa, M. Masada, T. Moriue, T. Takaiwa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Comedo‐like acantholytic dyskeratosis of the face and scalp: a new entity? Get access T. Nakagawa, T. Nakagawa Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical University, 1750–1 Ikenobe, Miki‐cho, Kagawa 761–0793, Japan E‐mail:nakachan@kms.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Masada, M. Masada Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical University, 1750–1 Ikenobe, Miki‐cho, Kagawa 761–0793, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Moriue, T. Moriue Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical University, 1750–1 Ikenobe, Miki‐cho, Kagawa 761–0793, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Takaiwa T. Takaiwa Department of Dermatology, Kagawa Medical University, 1750–1 Ikenobe, Miki‐cho, Kagawa 761–0793, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 5, 1 May 2000, Pages 1047–1048, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03496.x Published: 01 May 2000