tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Canadian province to bring in licence fees for tobacco companies
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (1998)

British Columbia has become the first province in Canada—and possibly the first government anywhere—to announce that it will charge tobacco companies licence fees to sell their products.

The government says that it needs the money—estimated at $C20m (£8.3m; $13.3m) a year—to pay for public health initiatives to counter the industry's efforts to …
Abstract 1067: CamKII Regulates NFAT Nuclear Translocation in a Calcineurin Independent Manner
Authors: Scott M MacDonnell, Jutta Weisser-Thomas, Hajime Kubo, Xiongwen Chen, Remus Berretta, Naser Jaleel, Joan H Brown, Jeffery D Molkentin, Steven R Houser
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Pathologic cardiac myocyte hypertrophy involves stress induced increases in intracellular Ca 2+ , which binds to calmodulin (CaM) and then activates both the phosphatase calcineurin (Cn) and CaM kinase (CaMKII). In hypertrophy, Cn dephosphorylates the cytoplasmic nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT), inducing nuclear translocation where it activates hypertrophic target genes. While GSK3, p38, and JNK are kinases that have been shown to directly phosphorylate NFAT, resulting in nuclear export, the role of cytoplasmic CamKII in NFAT translocation is unknown. This study explored the hypothesis that cytoplasmic CamKII directly induces NFAT cytoplasmic localization which antagonizes Cn mediated nuclear NFAT translocation. Methods: Adenovirus gene delivery was used to express GFP-tagged NFATc3 (m.o.i - 100, 12h) in either cultured neonatal rat (NRVM) or in adult feline ventricular myocytes (AFVM). Myocytes were co-infected with either constitutively active (CamKII-CA) or dominant negative (CamKII-DN) mutants of cytoplasmic targeted CamKII δc (m.o.i - 100, 12 h). FK506 (2uM) or CsA (2uM) were used to inhibit Cn. The % of myocytes with nuclear translocated NFAT is reported. Results: In NRVM (and in AFVM), NFAT nuclear translocation (Control: 14.9±1%) was significantly increased (29±2%, p&lt;0.05 vs control) by raising the bath [Ca 2+ ] by 2X. This Ca 2+ mediated NFAT translocation was blocked by FK506 (3.8±1%) and CsA (7.3±2%, p&lt;0.05 vs control). CamKII-DN (CaMKII inhibition) increased (44.9±3%, P&lt;0.001 vs control) and CamKII-CA (CaMKII activation) decreased (6.8±2%, P&lt;0.01 vs control) NFAT translocation. FK506 and CsA did not block NFAT translocation in CamKII-DN NRVM (FK506: 50.7±2, CsA: 46.1±2%). CamKII-DN also increased NFAT translocation (50.5±3% vs 24.8±2% in control, P&lt;0.01) in AFVM. CsA treatment also failed to reduce CamKII-DN mediated NFAT translocation (59.6±9, P&lt;0.01 vs control) in adult myocytes. Conclusion: These data show for the first time that activation of cytoplasmic CaMKII inhibits NFAT nuclear translocation in both neonatal and adult ventricular myocytes, possibly by direct NFAT phosphorylation. These effects are in parallel with but independent of Ca 2+ dependent Cn signaling.
Staying safe during the eclipse
Authors: J. Dowler
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A method is described for subdividing S phase cells in asynchronous cell cultures on the basis of replication band patterns produced in chromosomes by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation. The criteria used for cell classification are objective, requiring the presence or absence of specific bands on particular chromosomes, and therefore lead to subdivisions amenable to quantitative analysis and for comparative purposes. Two schemes are given: key 1, based on bands in chromosomes 2 and 5, leads to five sub-phases; and key 4, based on bands in chromosomes 3 and 4, leads to four sub-phases. The order of the sub-phases, though not their relative durations, is identical in the six primary cell cultures (four fibroblast and two lymphocyte) tested. The technique provides for a detailed study of the programme of chromosome replication in normal and abnormal cells which, in time, should produce new criteria for diagnostic purposes.
Health department misled women over breast implant risks, groups claim
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Campaigning groups concerned about the safety of breast implants have strongly criticised the UK Department of Health for the way it has handled the issue.

Many women have been misled about the risks associated with breast enlargement surgery because of information issued by the government, said some of the groups giving evidence to the House of Commons select committee on health last week.

The committee was collecting evidence on the government's response to concerns over the safety of breast implants for a report to …
Anatomical exposure patterns of skin to sunlight: relative contributions of direct, diffuse and reflected ultraviolet radiation
Authors: D. Vernez, A. Milon, L. Vuilleumier, J.-L. Bulliard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

The dose-response between ultraviolet (UV) exposure patterns and skin cancer occurrence is not fully understood. Sun-protection messages often focus on acute exposure, implicitly assuming that direct UV radiation is the key contributor to the overall UV exposure. However, little is known about the relative contribution of the direct, diffuse and reflected radiation components.To investigate solar UV exposure patterns at different body sites with respect to the relative contribution of the direct, diffuse and reflected radiation.A three-dimensional numerical model was used to assess exposure doses for various body parts and exposure scenarios of a standing individual (static and dynamic postures). The model was fed with erythemally weighted ground irradiance data for the year 2009 in Payerne, Switzerland. A year-round daily exposure (08:00-17:00 h) without protection was assumed.For most anatomical sites, mean daily doses were high (typically 6.2-14.6 standard erythemal doses) and exceeded the recommended exposure values. Direct exposure was important during specific periods (e.g. midday during summer), but contributed moderately to the annual dose, ranging from 15% to 24% for vertical and horizontal body parts, respectively. Diffuse irradiation explained about 80% of the cumulative annual exposure dose. Acute diffuse exposures were also observed during cloudy summer days.The importance of diffuse UV radiation should not be underestimated when advocating preventive measures. Messages focused on avoiding acute direct exposures may be of limited efficiency to prevent skin cancers associated with chronic exposure.
A memorable patient: But the greatest of these is charity
Authors: I. Collins
Journal: BMJ (2002)

It was an unusually busy hospital follow up clinic, with the waiting room full of clock watching, disgruntled patients and the clinic falling further and further behind time. As I read through the next customer's notes, I saw that he was a homeless alcoholic, and I stereotyped him as someone who was likely to be drunk, possibly abusive, and probably time consuming. I was going to be even further …
CALCIFIC AORTIC STENOSIS SIMULATING ACUTE CORONARY THROMBOSIS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: I C BRILL, E E ROSENBAUM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Article1 February 1951CALCIFIC AORTIC STENOSIS SIMULATING ACUTE CORONARY THROMBOSIS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONI. C. BRILL, M.D., F.A.C.P., EDWARD E. ROSENBAUM, M.D.I. C. BRILL, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, EDWARD E. ROSENBAUM, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-34-2-442 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA considerable literature dealing with calcific aortic valvular disease has accumulated since Mönckeberg's classic paper of 1904. For a complete bibliography and a review of the significant articles the reader is referred to recent monographs by Karsner and Koletsky1 and by Kumpe and Bean.2The present report concerns itself with one of the manifestations of this disease which, although mentioned casually by a few writers,3, 4has not received the emphasis it merits. We refer to the occasional development of severe, prolonged chest pain with shock and collapse, producing a picture clinically identical with that of acute coronary thrombosis and...Bibliography1. KarsnerKoletsky HTS: Calcific disease of the aortic valve, 1947, J. B. Lippincott Company, Philadelphia. Google Scholar2. KumpeBean CWWB: Aortic stenosis: a study of the clinical and pathologic aspects of 107 proved cases, Medicine 27: 139-185, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. MasterJaffeDack AMHLS: An electrocardiogram characteristic of coronary thrombosis in a patient with aortic stenosis, J. Mt. Sinai Hosp. 4: 117, 1937. Google Scholar4. Boas EP: Angina pectoris and heart block, as symptoms of calcareous aortic stenosis, Am. J. M. Sc. 190: 376, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. DryWillius TJFA: Interpretation of the electrocardiographic findings in calcareous stenosis of the aortic valve, Ann. Int. Med. 13: 143, 1939. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Portland, Oregon*Read before the Northwest Regional Meeting of the American College of Physicians, Vancouver, British Columbia, November 12 and 13, 1948. Received for publication December 7, 1948.From the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Oregon Medical School, Portland, Oregon. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTransient occlusion of the right coronary artery by a calcific bicuspid aortic valve mass – An interesting case of inferior STEMIChest Pain 1 February 1951Volume 34, Issue 2Page: 442-447KeywordsCardiology and cardiovascular diseasesCardiovascular diseasesIschemiaMyocardial infarctionShockStenosisThrombosisValvular diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1951 PDF downloadLoading ...
HELIOTHERAPY OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: Edgar Mayer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Article1 April 1938HELIOTHERAPY OF TUBERCULOSISEDGAR MAYER, F.A.C.P.EDGAR MAYER, F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-10-1856 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLight therapy, both natural and artificial, is of definite value in the treatment of certain forms of tuberculosis. The clinically effective spectral regions are still to be defined; therapeutically, however, certain advantages are ascribed to sunlight as opposed to artificial sources of light, to one artificial source as against another and even to artificial sources as against the sun.Empirical evidence still prevails, chiefly because the mode of action of light remains undefined. In the simplest photochemical effects, the physical processes are rarely understood and so the difficulties in biology and therapeutics are understandable. Not even upon the single cell... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Presented at the St. Louis meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 20, 1937. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVitamin D and TuberculosisOld wine in new bottles: vitamin D in the treatment and prevention of tuberculosisTuberculosis 1 April 1938Volume 11, Issue 10Page: 1856-1860 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
Potent anticancer activity of the second generation artemisinin-derived trioxane dimers on pancreatic cancer cells.
Authors: Jianqing Lin, Shabana Shabbeer, Gary Posner, Michael Carducci
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- Nov 4-8, 2007; Singapore

C23 

Background: Trioxane dimers (TDs) are semi synthetic derivatives of the Chinese antimalarial compound 1,2,4-trioxane artemisinin ( Artemesia annua L., qinghaosu). Second-generation C-10 nonacetal TDs are orally active with high stability, efficacy, and anticancer activity. The cytotoxic effect of artmisinin is likely mediated by free radicals produced by its reaction with intracellular iron, which is dependent on the expression of transferrin receptor (TfR). Pancreatic adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma are characterized by high expression of TfR in contrast to normal pancreatic tissue and benign neuroendocrine tumors of the pancreas. The purpose of this study is to utilize TDs without or with the combination of iron to target TfR overexpressed pancreatic cancer.    Methods: in vitro MTT assay to determine cell growth; DNA fragmentation assay to determine apoptosis; flow cytometry and Western blot for expression of transferring receptor. Also pancreatic cancer animal model will be used to determine antitumor activity in vivo .    Results: TDs have significant growth inhibitory effects on tested pancreatic cancer cell line Panc-1. This has been shown in time and dose dependent manner with the IC50 range at 25 nM. This dosage has equivalent growth inhibitory effect of Gemcitabine at the concentration between 0.25 uM to 5 uM. Also 25 nM DT can potentiate gemcitabine’s growth inhibitory effect in vitro. In vivo study is in the process now.    Conclusions: TDs as potent artemisinin derivatives have significant growth inhibitory effects on pancreatic cancer cells as single agent or in combination with gemcitabine.
Abstract 18129: Heterogeneity of Sympathetic Nervous Density in the Left Ventricular Wall in Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Shohei Kikuchi, Shuichi Kitada, Koji Yamamoto, Toshihiko Goto, Hitomi Narita, Akihiko Iida, Nobuyuki Ohte
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Carbon-11 hydroxyephedrine (HED) is a radiolabelled catecholamine analogue developed for the positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of sympathetic nerve terminals in the heart. We assessed presynaptic sympathetic nervous function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) using PET with HED.

Methods: In 15 patients with DCM in stable conditions and 15 healthy controls, left ventricular (LV) global myocardial blood flow (MBF) was measured using N-13 ammonia PET and then global HED retention index (HED-RI) was determined as myocardial tracer activity between 30-40 minutes divided by the integral of the activity input function. The polar maps of the tracers were divided into 17 segments, and each segmental tracer activity of MBF and HED-RI were normalized to the highest values in each patients. Coefficients of variation (CV) were calculated to assess heterogeneity of MBF and HED-RI densities in the LV wall. Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were measured in all subjects.

Results: MBF and HED-RI in the LV wall were significantly lower in patients with DCM than in healthy subjects (0.59±0.10 vs 0.78±0.10 mL/min/g, p=0.0003; 6.9±1.9 vs 8.8±2.0 %/min, p=0.02, respectively). The CVs of both MBF and HED-RI were significantly higher in patients with DCM than in healthy subjects (24.7±7.9 vs 17.5±4.1 %, p=0.004; 16.4±5.4 vs 10.3±2.2 %, p=0.0004, respectively). The CVs of HED-RI were significantly correlated with logBNP levels (r=0.65, p=0.0001).

Conclusions: In addition to the global reduction of cardiac sympathetic activity, more heterogeneous sympathetic presynaptic tracer uptake in the LV wall is demonstrated in patients with DCM. The degree of heterogeneity in sympathetic presynaptic activity is significantly related to severity of heart failure.
Parents demand names of children given faulty vaccine
Authors: Doug Payne
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Brian Cowen, the Irish minister for health, has confirmed that his department has tracked down records showing that 253 doses from a toxic batch of vaccines were administered to children between 1968 and 1970. Almost none of the children's parents have been told, however.

Now, a group of parents of mentally handicapped people have called on the minister to release any information he has to identify who received the doses.

Mr Cowen told …
ISLET CELL TUMOR OF THE PANCREAS WITH SURGICAL CURE
Authors: K PICKARD, J J KELTER, R E ROTHENBERG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Case Reports1 June 1953ISLET CELL TUMOR OF THE PANCREAS WITH SURGICAL CUREKARL PICKARD, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOSEPH J. KELTER, M.D., ROBERT E. ROTHENBERG, M.D., F.A.C.S.KARL PICKARD, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, JOSEPH J. KELTER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT E. ROTHENBERG, M.D., F.A.C.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-38-6-1306 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe following case is reported because it demonstrates vividly the ramifications and complications brought about by severe hyperinsulinism. It is also interesting in that the symptomatology masked the true diagnosis for almost two years and led to many widely varying avenues of preliminary investigation.CASE REPORTA 60 year old white printer gave a history of having been in excellent health all his life until the early part of 1949, when he would awaken in the morning in a "confused and foggy state." He stated that his mind would clear in one-half hour to one hour after breakfast. His past...Bibliography1. FinebergAltschul SKA: The encephalopathy of hyperinsulinism, Ann. Int. Med. 36: 536 (Feb.) 1952. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Rynearson EH: Endocrine therapy in Collected Papers of the Mayo Clinic 38: 265, 1946. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, N. Y.*Received for publication October 21, 1952.From the Division of Internal Medicine and the Division of General Surgery of the Central Medical Group of Brooklyn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDisorders of General Feelings 1 June 1953Volume 38, Issue 6Page: 1306-1313KeywordsHyperinsulinemiaPancreasSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1953 PDF downloadLoading ...
Hemodynamic and Vascular Effects of Ventricular Sourcing by Stent-Based Ventricle to Coronary Artery Bypass in Patients With Multivessel Disease Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Peter Boekstegers, Philip Raake, Rabea Hinkel, Tilmann Pohl, Christian Kupatt, Andreas Knez, Frank Christ, Sandra Eifert, Gerhard Steinbeck, Bruno Reichart, Calin Vicol
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— The hemodynamic and vascular effects of ventricular sourcing by a stent-based (VSTENT, Percardia) left ventricle-to-coronary artery bypass were studied in a patient subgroup of the European multicenter ADVANTAGE study (ADjunctive treatment with the VCAB/VSTENT myocardial implANT system in coronary Artery bypass Graft patiEnts). Methods and Results— Twelve patients who underwent VSTENT implantation in addition to coronary artery bypass surgery were studied up to 12 months after the procedure. The VSTENT was implanted distal to a hemodynamically relevant coronary artery stenosis. Coronary flow velocity was assessed at rest and during dobutamine stress. Intraoperative VSTENT implantation was successful in 11 of 12 patients. Early postoperative angiograms showed patent VSTENT in 8 of 11 patients, with predominantly systolic flow distal to the VSTENT. Coronary flow velocity reserve induced by dobutamine stress was 1.7±0.1 ( P =0.006). VSTENT patency at 2- to 6-month follow-up was present in 5 of 11 patients, with concomitant VSTENT stenosis in 4 of those 5. In all patients, coronary flow velocity increased 3- to 4-fold proximal to the VSTENT, which was associated with a moderate degree of arterial remodeling. Except for target vessel reintervention (n=5), no other major adverse events were observed in 11 of 12 patients. One patient died on the second postoperative day, though the cause was probably not related to the VSTENT implantation. Conclusions— VSTENT implantation seems to be safe in the mid-term follow-up and leads to a predominantly systolic coronary flow pattern in the vessel supplied by the VSTENT, with a flow reserve similar or close to that seen with conventional bypass. VSTENT patency rate, however, was unacceptably low at 3- to 6-month follow-up and needs to be improved.
Autosomal dominant cone–rod retinal dystrophy (CORD6) from heterozygous mutation of GUCY2D , which encodes retinal guanylate cyclase 1 1The authors have no proprietary interests in the materials mentioned in the study.
Authors: Kevin Gregory-Evans, Rosemary E Kelsell, Cheryl Y Gregory-Evans, Susan M Downes, Fred W Fitzke, Graham E Holder, Matthew Simunovic, John D Mollon, Rachel Taylor, David M Hunt, Alan C Bird, Anthony T Moore
Journal: Ophthalmology (2000)
Naltrexone-induced alterations in human ethanol intoxication
Authors: R M Swift, W Whelihan, O Kuznetsov, G Buongiorno, H Hsuing
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Outpatient clinical trials with an opioid antagonist, naltrexone, found that this agent reduces relapse drinking in abstinent alcoholics. It is unknown which aspects of intoxication may be affected by naltrexone. The authors investigated the effects of naltrexone on several subjective and objective measures of ethanol intoxication. In a double-blind crossover study, 19 nonalcoholic drinkers received a regimen of naltrexone, 50 mg p.o., or placebo on two different occasions, each time followed by a standard, intoxicating dose of ethanol. Subjective and objective measures of intoxication including mood, physical sensations, performance changes, and ethanol pharmacokinetics were determined. As a control for naltrexone effects, 12 additional subjects received naltrexone or placebo followed by a non-intoxicating, "placebo" dose of ethanol. Naltrexone augmented certain sedative and discriminant effects of ethanol and reduced positive reinforcing effects without affecting psychomotor performance or ethanol pharmacokinetics. Naltrexone had minimal effects in subjects receiving placebo ethanol. The data are compatible with the clinical findings and suggest that the reduction in ethanol consumption by alcoholics following naltrexone administration may occur because of greater subjective intoxication, greater aversive effects, or less positive reinforcement from ethanol.