tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The `Mouse Face' Appearance of the Vertebrae in Paget's Disease
Authors: CHUN K. KIM, WILHELMINA N. ESTRADA, MORDECHAI LORBERBOYM, NEETA PANDIT, DEO G. RELIGIOSO, ABASS ALAVI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Paget's disease is occasionally found as an incidental finding on bone scans performed for the evaluation of metastatic disease, which causes a diagnostic and a subsequent therapeutic dilemma. We have previously described the "Mouse Face" appearance of vertebrae on bone scans (increased uptake in the vertebral body, posterior elements, and the spinous process), which was fairly specific for Paget's disease in a small series. This retrospective study was undertaken to determine if this observation holds true in a larger series. Bone scans performed in 2,881 patients were randomly selected, and were reviewed by 2 physicians. Thirty-nine cases with a "Mouse Face" appearance were identified. Diagnosis was established in 30 of the 39 patients by correlative radiographic studies and/or clinical follow-up. Twenty patients were referred for the evaluation of possible metastases, and 7 were found to have metastases at the sites of "Mouse Face". The other 13 had Paget's disease. However, 6 of the 7 patients with metastases had extravertebral findings compatible with multiple metastases, and the remaining patient had a "Mouse Face" lesion only, with a question of metastases. Ten patients were evaluated for Paget's disease or others, and none of them had metastases at the site of the "Mouse Face". The "Mouse Face" appearance is more suggestive of Paget's disease than metastases even in patients with cancer. These patients should be assumed unlikely to have vertebral metastases, unless proven by another correlative radiologic study.
Function and regulation of a murine macrophage-specific IgG Fc receptor, Fc gamma R-alpha.
Authors: R L Weinshank, A D Luster, J V Ravetch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Ligand binding specificities of two cloned murine Fc gamma Rs (Fc gamma R-alpha, Fc gamma R-beta [9]) were determined by gene transfer into Fc gamma R negative cell lines. Both receptors were expressed as full-length molecules capable of IgG immune complex binding that was inhibitable by the mAb 2.4G2. The ligand binding profiles of these receptors were indistinguishable whereby both bound immune-complexed mouse IgG1, IgG2a, and IgG2b, but not IgG3. Neither receptor could bind monomeric IgG2a, indicating these receptors to be low-affinity IgG Fc receptors. Accumulation of the Fc gamma R-alpha mRNA can be induced with murine IFN-gamma at a concentration of 200 U/ml in the macrophage-like cell lines RAW 264.7 and J774a. The time course for induction indicates that the mRNA accumulation is transient but does not return to the uninduced level even after 50 h of treatment. Fc gamma R-beta mRNA was not induced by IFN-gamma, rather its expression was down modulated in mouse peritoneal macrophages. Both RAW and J774a cells lines exhibited increased receptor levels after IFN-gamma stimulation as measured by 125I-2.4G2 and ligand binding. In the absence of IFN-gamma, the RAW and J774a cell lines were minimally phagocytic, while P388D1 cells were actively phagocytic. In the presence of IFN-gamma, however, RAW 264.7 and J774a cells were induced to become actively phagocytic. Induction of Fc gamma R-alpha mRNA and protein by IFN-gamma may be part of the process by which macrophages become activated to engulf antibody-coated particles.
Abstract CT-03: Aberrations in translational regulation are associated with poor prognosis in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Funda Meric-Bernstam, Huiqin Chen, Argun Akcakanat, Kim-Anh Do, Ana Lluch, Bryan Hennessy, Gabriel Hortobagyi, Gordon Mills, Ana Gonzalez-Angulo
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Purpose: Translation initiation is activated in cancer through increase in eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), eIF4G, phosphorylated eIF4E-binding protein (p4E-BP1) and ribosomal protein S6 (pS6), and decreased programmed cell death protein 4 (pdcd4), a translational inhibitor. Further, translation elongation is deregulated though alterations in eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF2) and eEF2 kinase (eEF2K). We sought to determine the association of these translational aberrations with clinical-pathologic factors and survival outcomes in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Methods: Primary tumors were collected from 190 patients with stage I-III hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. Expression of eIF4E, eIF4G, 4E-BP1, p4E-BP1 T37/46, p4E-BP1 S65, p4E-BP1 T70, S6, pS6 S235/236, pS6 S240/244, pdcd4, eEF2 and eEF2K was assessed by reverse phase protein arrays.: Univariable and multivariable analyses for recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were performed. Results: High eEF2, S6, pS6 S240/244, p4E-BP1 T70, and low pdcd4 were significantly associated with node-positivity. Median follow-up for alive patients was 96 months. High p4E-BP1 T36/47, p4E-BP1 S65, p4E-BP1 T70 and 4E-BP1 were associated with worse RFS. High p4E-BP1 T70 and pS6 S235/236, and low pdcd4, were associated with worse OS. In multivariable analysis, in addition to positive nodes, p4E-BP1 S65 remained a significant predictor of RFS (HR=1.62, 95%CI=1.13-2.31; P=0.008). In addition to age, pS6 S235/236 (HR=1.73, 95%CI=1.03-2.90, P=0.039), eEF2K (HR=2.19, 95%CI=1.35-3.56, P=0.002) and pdcd4 (HR=0.42, 95%CI=0.25-0.70, P=0.001) were associated with OS. Conclusions: Increased pS6, p4E-BP1, eEF2K and decreased pdcd4 are associated with poor prognosis in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer; suggesting their role as prognostic markers and therapeutic targets. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr CT-03. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-CT-03
Cross-sectional echocardiographic analysis of the extent of left ventricular asynergy in acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: J J Heger, A E Weyman, L S Wann, E W Rogers, J C Dillon, H Feigenbaum
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Cross-sectional echocardiography was used to study left ventricular wall motion in 44 patients with myocardial infarction, and the extent of observed asynergy was correlated with left ventricular function.Echocardiographic studies were performed in short and long axes of the ventricle and nine segments were identified for analysis.Wall motion in each segment was classified as normal, hyperkinetic, hypokinetic, akinetic or dyskinetic.Based on this analysis a wall motion index was derived as an overall assessment of left ven- tricular asynergy.Left ventricular function was measured by clinical and hemodynamic parameters to note the presence of pulmonary congestion or peripheral hypoperfusion or both.Segmental asynergy was detected in all patients with acute myocardial infarction.Patients with uncomplicated infarction had a wall motion index of 3.2 ± 2.4, which was significantly less than that in patients with pulmonary congestion (9.7 ± 3.1, p < 0.001) or with both pulmonary congestion and hypoperfusion (10.6 ± 4.8, p < 0.001).In nine patients with acute ventricular septal defect or acute mitral regurgitation, wall motion index was 6.7 ± 1.9, significantly less than with other complicated infarcts (p < 0.001) but greater than with un- complicated infarcts (p < 0.005).Wall motion index also discriminated complicated from uncomplicated in- farction when death was used as the end point.Cross-sectional echocardiography provides a method of measuring the extent of left ventricular asynergy during acute myocardial infarction that correlates well with hemodynamic parameters of left ventricular function.
Effects of cytokines on the liver
Authors: Tilo Andus, Joachim Bauer, Wolfgang Gerok
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Cytokines are essential for the communication not only between the liver and extrahepatic sites but also within the liver itself. Cytokines regulate the intermediary metabolism of amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and minerals. Cytokines partially interact with classical hormones such as glucocorticoids, resulting in a complex network of mutual control. Since many cytokines exert growth factor-like activities in addition to their specific proinflammatory effects, the distinction between cytokines and growth factors is somewhat artificial. The liver is an important site of synthesis and the major clearance organ for several cytokines. In liver disease, cytokines are involved in the onset of intrahepatic immune responses (e.g., during viral hepatitis), in liver regeneration (e.g., after partial hepatectomy) and in the fibrotic and cirrhotic transformation of the liver such as chronic chemical injury or viral infection. Further studies of cytokine actions may lead to a better understanding of liver diseases and to the development of new immunomodulating therapeutic options.
Nonbacterial Regional Lymphadenitis (Cat-Scratch Fever)
Authors: Wilfred T. Small, Ronald C. Sniffen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

NONBACTERIAL regional lymphadenitis, hereafter referred to by the more common designation, "cat-scratch fever," is diagnosed with increased frequency when intradermal test antigen is available. During the past year 7 patients believed to have the disease were admitted to the Memorial Hospital in Worcester. Six were treated by surgical removal of the focus of infection, and these cases form the basis of this report. To our knowledge, there is no report recommending definitive surgery in this disease, although surgery is performed for diagnosis or to drain abscesses.The clinical characteristics of cat-scratch fever have been described in detail,1 2 3 and are summarized . . .
Serum and ascitic procalcitonin levels in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis: diagnostic value and relationship to pro-inflammatory cytokines
Authors: A. Viallon, F. Zeni, V. Pouzet, C. Lambert, S. Quenet, G. Aubert, S. Guyomarch, B. Tardy, J.-C. Bertrand
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2000)
Normal keratinocytes express Toll-like receptors (TLRs) 1, 2 and 5: modulation of TLR expression in chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: B.S. Baker, J-M. Ovigne, A.V. Powles, S. Corcoran, L. Fry
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Summary Background Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) are part of the innate immune system involved in the response to microbial pathogens. TLR2 recognizes various ligands expressed by Gram‐positive bacteria, while TLR3, TLR4 and TLR5 are specific for double‐stranded RNA, Gram‐negative lipopolysaccharides and bacterial flagellin, respectively. Objectives To determine, firstly, whether epidermal keratinocytes of normal skin express TLRs and, secondly, whether modulation of TLR expression occurs in psoriasis, an inflammatory skin disease associated with certain microorganisms such as streptococci, staphylococci and yeasts. Methods Eight samples of normal, and 15 samples of lesional and nonlesional psoriatic skin were stained with polyclonal antibodies specific for TLR1‐5 using an avidin–biotin–peroxidase technique. Results Epidermal keratinocytes in normal skin constitutively expressed TLR1, TLR2 and TLR5, while TLR3 and TLR4 were, in most cases, barely detectable. Cytoplasmic TLR1 and TLR2 were expressed throughout the epidermis, with higher staining of the latter on basal keratinocytes, while TLR5 expression was concentrated in the basal layer. In contrast, in lesional epidermis from patients with psoriasis, TLR2 was more highly expressed on the keratinocytes of the upper epidermis than on the basal layer, while TLR5 was downregulated in basal keratinocytes compared with corresponding nonlesional psoriatic epidermis. In addition, nuclear TLR1 staining was observed in the upper layers of both nonlesional and lesional psoriatic epidermis, but not in that of normal skin. Conclusions These findings suggest that TLRs expressed by epidermal keratinocytes constitute part of the innate immune system of the skin. The relevance of altered keratinocyte TLR expression in psoriasis remains to be determined.
A case of lead intoxication: Clinical and biochemical studies
Authors: Shiro Miwa, Yoji Ishida, Susumu Takegawa, Gumpei Urata, Toshio Toyoda
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract A 23‐year‐old Japanese male with severe lead intoxication accompanied by hemolytic anemia was studied. The patient had taken 12 g of lead in about a month. He had moderate hemolytic anemia (Hb 8.9 g/100 ml) with reticulo‐cytosis ranging from 2.5 to 11.7%. Peripheral blood smear showed nucleated red cells (42/200 white blood cells) and marked basophilic stippling in the red cells. Activities of erythrocyte enzymes were either normal or increased except for pyrimidine 5′‐nucleotidase (P5N) and δ‐aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALA‐D) both of which were found to be decreased, being 48.8% and 4.1% of the normal controls respectively. Erythrocyte reduced glutathione (GSH) was high (145.6 mg/100ml RBC). Erythrocyte pyrimidine nucleotides were accumulated up to 10.2% of total nucleotides. The level of lead in peripheral blood was 112 μg per 100 ml blood. Ca 2+ ‐Na 2 ‐EDTA was given to the patient as treatment. The level of lead in the blood decreased gradually and hemolytic anemia improved. Basophilic stippling in the red cells disappeared. These results confirmed the findings of Valentine et al [1] that lead‐induced deficiency of P5N resulted in basophilic stippling and hemolytic anemia just like hereditary hemolytic anemia due to P5N deficiency.
Hypotension Following Hyperventilation
Authors: Aaron Friedell
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In reference to the letters by Dr. John F. Burnum (229:521, 1974), Dr. Harry F. Klinefelter (226:81, 1973), and Dr. J. Belogorsky (227:77, 1973), may I suggest a more plausible physiological and biochemical explanation for the drop in blood pressure following hyperventilation. I have taught a large number of hypertensive patients to perform guided diaphragmatic breathing exercises as the major part of their treatment, with good results. They responded well, both to hyperventilation of about 20 exhalations per minute and (some even better) to the practice of guided, slow diaphragmatic breathing with a rate of 6 or less exhalations per minute. My hypothesis for the good results: Guided, slow diaphragmatic breathing with glottis well open will direct the incoming air plus the atmospheric pressure more directly into the terminal bronchioles and to the terminal vagus (parasympathetic) nerve endings. An increased stretching and stimulation of the thousands
Activation and Expansion of Tumor-Derived Activated Cells for Therapeutic Use
Authors: J. R. Maleckar, C. S. Friddell, A. Sferruzza, G. B. Thurman, W. M. Lewko, W. H. West, R. K. Oldham, J. R. Yannelli
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Journal Article Activation and Expansion of Tumor-Derived Activated Cells for Therapeutic Use Get access James R. Maleckar, James R. Maleckar * Cellular Immunology Section, Biotherapeutics, Inc.Franklin, TN *Correspondence to: Dr. James R. Maleckar, Biotherapeutics, Inc., P.O. Box 1676, 357 Riverside Dr., Franklin, TN 37065-1676. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Colleen S. Friddell, Colleen S. Friddell Cellular Immunology Section, Biotherapeutics, Inc.Franklin, TN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anthony Sferruzza, Anthony Sferruzza Pacific Coast Biotherapeutics, Inc.Newport Beach, CA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gary B. Thurman, Gary B. Thurman Cellular Immunology Section, Biotherapeutics, Inc.Franklin, TN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Walter M. Lewko, Walter M. Lewko Cellular Immunology Section, Biotherapeutics, Inc.Franklin, TN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William H. West, William H. West Biotherapeutics, Inc.Memphis, TN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert K. Oldham, Robert K. Oldham Biological Therapy InstituteFranklin, TN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John R. Yannelli John R. Yannelli Cellular Immunology Section, Biotherapeutics, Inc.Franklin, TN Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 81, Issue 21, 1 November 1989, Pages 1655–1660, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/81.21.1655 Published: 01 November 1989 Article history Received: 20 April 1989 Revision received: 28 July 1989 Accepted: 08 August 1989 Published: 01 November 1989
Cross‐reactivities between date palm (<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> L.) polypeptides and foods implicated in the oral allergy syndrome
Authors: A. A. A. Kwaasi, H. A. Harfi, R. S. Parhar, S. Saleh, K. S. Collison, R. C. Panzani, S. T. Al‐Sedairy, F. A. Al‐Mohanna
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Date fruit and pollen antigens share a number of cross-reactive epitopes. Date pollen has been shown to cross-react with antigens from Artemisia, cultivated rye (Secale cereale), Timothy grass (Phleum pratense), Sydney golden wattle (Acacia longifolia) and Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) pollen. The present study was carried out to examine any cross-reactivities between date palm polypeptides and antigens of some common foods and vegetables that have been implicated in the oral allergy syndrome (OAS). Because most of such cross-reactivities in other allergens are attributable to the presence of carbohydrate chains and profilin, their role was also investigated.Fresh extracts of 20 common fruits and vegetables were prepared. Putative date profilins were isolated by affinity chromatography using a poly L-proline column. Date fruit extracts were digested by various endoglycosidases and the immunoglobulin (Ig)E binding of the postdigest products was assessed in immunoblots. Rabbit antisera to whole date fruit extracts, Timothy grass profilin and putative date profilins, as well as human sera from date sensitive individuals were used in immunoblotting, ELISA and in inhibition experiments.IgG, ELISA and immunoblot results with the different rabbit antisera and date-sensitive atopic sera showed several antigenic cross-reactivities and similar cross-reactivities were seen with birch, date and timothy grass profilins. IgE, ELISA and immunoblot experiments with pooled date sensitive human sera showed a range of cross-reactivities with some food extracts. A number of the IgE cross-reactivities could be inhibited after preabsorption of pooled sera with date extracts. Sixty-six percent of individual date hypersensitive human sera bound IgE in putative date fruit profilin and their pooled sera bound IgE in birch pollen profilin. IgE-binding of the endoglycosidase digested date fruit extracts to atopic serum pool was restricted to only a very low molecular weight band of 6.5-8 kDa.These results indicate that date palm polypeptides share cross-reactive IgG and IgE epitopes with a number of foods implicated in the oral allergy syndrome, bind to birch and Timothy grass profilins and bind IgE through glycosyl residues. The clinical relevance of these cross-reactivities needs to be further elucidated.
Erythropoietin Suppresses the Formation of Macrophage Foam Cells
Authors: Kuo-Yun Lu, Li-Chieh Ching, Kuo-Hui Su, Yuan-Bin Yu, Yu Ru Kou, Sheng-Huang Hsiao, Yu-Chu Huang, Chien-Yu Chen, Li-Ching Cheng, Ching-Chian Pan, Tzong-Shyuan Lee
Journal: Circulation (2010)

In addition to the hematopoietic effect of erythropoietin, increasing evidence suggests that erythropoietin also exerts protective effects for cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of erythropoietin and its underlying mechanism in macrophage foam cell formation are poorly understood.Compared with wild-type specimens, erythropoietin was increased in atherosclerotic aortas of apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice, mainly in the macrophage foam cells of the lesions. Erythropoietin levels in culture medium and macrophages were significantly elevated in response to oxidized low-density lipoprotein in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, erythropoietin markedly attenuated lipid accumulation in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-treated macrophages, a result that was due to an increase in cholesterol efflux. Erythropoietin treatment significantly increased ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABC) A1 and ABCG1 mRNA and protein levels without affecting protein expression of scavenger receptors, including scavenger receptor-A, CD36, and scavenger receptor-BI. The upregulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 by erythropoietin resulted from liver X receptor alpha activation, which was confirmed by its prevention on expression of ABCA1 and ABCG1 after pharmacological or small interfering RNA inhibition of liver X receptor alpha. Moreover, the erythropoietin-mediated attenuation on lipid accumulation was abolished by such inhibition. Finally, reduced lipid accumulation and marked increase in ABCA1 and ABCG1 were demonstrated in erythropoietin-overexpressed macrophages.Our data suggest that erythropoietin suppresses foam cell formation via the liver X receptor alpha-dependent upregulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1.
Correlation of the Pressor Activity of the Renal Venous Effluent with Excretory Function and Other Tests in Focal, Parenchymal, and Vascular Renal Disease
Authors: JOHN J. MCPHAUL, DUNCAN A. MCINTOSH, LESTER F. WILLIAMS, EMIL J. GRITTI, ARTHUR GROLLMAN
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A series of 170 hypertensive patients suspected of suffering from renovascular disease have been subjected to various tests designed to identify the presence of a surgically remediable lesion. The presence of a pressor agent in the renal venous effluent, as determined by bioassay on the rat, has proven to be an accurate method for detecting the presence of renovascular hypertension responsive to surgical treatment. Split-function excretory tests, aortography, and other tests used for this purpose could not be relied on as the sole criterion as to whether surgical intervention is indicated in a given patient.