tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hereditary Gastric Cancer
Authors: James M. Ford
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

readily accessible At a Glance box.Our goal is to communicate new knowledge effectively to ensure clinical benefit for people at risk for, living with, and surviving cancer.We aim for JAMA Oncology to be a forum for discussion both nationally and internationally.George W. Sledge, Jr, MD, manages our Viewpoint articles, which address timely and controversial topics that affect clinical practice and the lives of patients.Editorials are used liberally to place original research in the context of a specific discipline.Invited Commentaries also accompany articles to assist in explaining concepts or providing clinical vision for more technology-oriented work.In addition, author audio interviews will be featured on the journal's website.Web Editor Howard (Jack) West, MD, will maintain lively discussions via a variety of social networking tools and a dynamic website that encourages comments on specific articles.JAMA Oncology already has a steady stream of Facebook and Twitter followers.We invite you to publish in JAMA Oncology (Video). 5We promise rapid review followed by fair and prompt decisions.Once your
Psychosocial Status in Chronic Illness
Authors: P. Leif Bergsagel, Thomas E. Finucane, Robert F. Meenan, John H. Mason, Lewis E. Kazis, Christoph Hürny, Jimmie C. Holland, I. Barofsky, J. R. Bloom, Barrie R. Cassileth, Edward J. Lusk, Thomas B. Strouse, David S. Miller, Lorraine L. Brown, Patricia A. Cross, Alan N. Tenagila
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Abstract Assumptions that psychological attributes are specific to particular diagnoses characterize many investigations of chronically ill patients. We studied 758 patients, each of whom had one of six different chronic illnesses, to determine and compare their scores on the Mental Health Index. Five groups of physically ill patients (with arthritis, diabetes, cancer, renal disease, or dermatologic disorders) did not differ significantly from one another or from the general public, but all had significantly higher scores for psychological status when compared with the sixth group, patients under treatment for depression. There was a significant direct relation between higher mental-health scores and advancing age across all patient populations. Patients with recently diagnosed illness in all groups had poorer mental-health scores than did patients whose illness had been diagnosed more than four months previously. A direct relation between declining physical status and mental-health scores was observed. T...
Study estimates 390 million dengue cases a year in world, with India having highest burden
Authors: S. Bhaumik
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The annual number of cases of dengue worldwide is three times higher than the World Health Organization’s estimate, a new study indicates.

The multinational study, published in Nature ,1 estimated that the number of infections stood at 390 million a year (95% confidence interval 284 million to 528 million), rather than the current WHO estimate of 50-100 million a year.2 It also showed that India had the highest burden of the disease, accounting for about a third of the world’s cases. 

Dengue has seen a global resurgence recently despite extensive control efforts. Transmitted by Aedes aegypti , which unlike …
Contraception After Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Peter Damm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Kresten R. Petersen, Siri Kjos
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

Women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at risk of developing overt diabetes, predominantly type 2 diabetes, after pregnancy, often during their reproductive years (1–4). Type 2 diabetes will often be present without symptoms years before the clinical diagnosis is made. Women with type 2 diabetes often do not plan their pregnancy (5) or enter pregnancy with unrecognized diabetes. In both cases, an increased risk of congenital malformations in the offspring has been found (5–7). Similar to type 1 diabetes, this risk has been shown to increase with increasing maternal hyperglycemia (8). Although intervention trials are lacking in type 2 diabetic women, studies in type 1 diabetic women have shown that the proportion of congenital malformations can be reduced to a background population value by prepregnancy planning, including optimization of metabolic control (8). Contraception is an essential component to be able to plan pregnancy when glucose status is normalized and may also confer protection from developing diabetes by preventing a subsequent pregnancy (9). Recent studies show that women with previous GDM exhibit a markedly increased prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, even when glucose tolerance is normal (10,11). Metabolic syndrome is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality (12).

For both maternal and future offspring, women with prior GDM need safe, efficient, and acceptable choices for contraceptive methods that do not enhance their already substantial risk to develop either overt diabetes or metabolic syndrome and associated sequelae.

Studies on contraception in women with prior GDM are limited, especially new studies published since the Fourth International Workshop-Conference on GDM (13). The present article provides a condensed review of contraceptive methods available for women with prior GDM, focusing on recent studies. When data in women with prior GDM are unavailable, extrapolations will …
Hematologic Problems in Surgery
Authors: Herbert I. Horowitz
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The authors of this monograph portray the surgeon as busy, harried, and in need of a single simplified source which will effortlessly clarify the hematological problems with which he is beset. To satisfy this need, they offer sections on the anemias, the polycythemias, blood coagulation, blood transfusion, platelet and white blood cell abnormalities, the liver and spleen, extracorporeal circulation, organ transplantation, implanted materials and devices, physical agents, and thrombosis (including the use of anticoagulants). Since the book is the combined product of a surgeon and a hematologist, this review is similarly structured. The quality of individual sections varies widely. "Transfusion During and After Surgical Operation," by Duncalf and Underwood, is excellent, itself almost worth the price of admission. Chapters on the complications of blood transfusion, the use of blood components, hypersplenism, extracorporeal circulation, organ transplantation, thrombosis and the use of anticoagulants are quite good. In contrast, chapters on the anemias,
THE IMPORTANCE OF AN EARLY DIAGNOSIS IN CANCER OF THE UTERUS.
Authors: JOHN A. SAMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1905)

There are two forms of cancer of the uterus which we must consider. The more frequent form arises in the cervix of the uterus and grows more rapidly than the other form and sooner invades, by extension or metastases, the neighboring parts. On this account the diagnosis usually has not been made until after the growth has extended beyond the uterus, and, therefore, the operative treatment of this condition has been most unsatisfactory. On the other hand, the form of growth which arises in the fundus of the uterus is much rarer, grows more slowly, and remains restricted to the uterus for a much longer time. For these reasons the diagnosis is made earlier in the course of the disease and the operative treatment of cancer of the fundus is attended with a lower primary mortality and a much higher percentage of cures. In this communication I wish to refer especially to carcinoma of the uterine cervix, and, unless otherwise stated, that will be the form understood throughout the paper.
Sulphonamide Lozenges for Streptococcal Carriers
Authors: R. L. Vollum, G. S. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1945)

The main purpose of this paper is to report the failure of sulphonamides in the form of lozenges to clear up streptococcal carriers met with during the investigation of outbreaks of streptococcal infection at two residential schools, or to prevent contacts from becoming infected.School X This is a residential public school in Wiltshire containing about 200 girls aged 11 to 18, half of whom are housed, during the war, in a large country mansion (B) standing in its own grounds, and half on a country estate (C) about 7 miles away.The girls at C come over each day by motor-bus to B, where the teaching is carried out.During the last few weeks of the Easter term, 1944, there was a small outbreak of sore throats in B and C; about 12 girls in all were affected.No rashes were observed, but during the holidays one of the girls, Joanna Br., peeled.About ten days after the end of the term one girl-Gillian Bo.-had a typical attack of scarlet fever, and another girl-Gillian Go.-had a sore throat.No bacteriological examinations were made.Joanna Br. returned to school at the beginning of the summer term (April 26), together
FOUR CASES OF SCLERODERMIA ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE OF THE THYROID GLAND
Authors: J. H. SEQUEIRA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1916)

Journal Article FOUR CASES OF SCLERODERMIA ASSOCIATED WITH DISEASE OF THE THYROID GLAND Get access J. H. SEQUEIRA, M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.S. J. H. SEQUEIRA, M.D., F.R.C.P., F.R.C.S. Physician to the Skin‐Department, and Lecturer on Dermatology, at the London Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 28, Issue 1-3, 3 January 1916, Pages 31–40, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1916.tb16753.x Published: 03 January 1916
Prenatal exposure to a farm environment modifies atopic sensitization at birth
Authors: Markus Johannes Ege, Ileana Herzum, Gisela Büchele, Susanne Krauss-Etschmann, Roger P. Lauener, Marjut Roponen, Anne Hyvärinen, Dominique A. Vuitton, Josef Riedler, Bert Brunekreef, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Charlotte Braun-Fahrländer, Juha Pekkanen, Harald Renz, Erika von Mutius
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Runx3 Inactivation Is a Crucial Early Event in the Development of Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: You-Soub Lee, Jung-Won Lee, Ju-Won Jang, Xin-Zi Chi, Jang-Hyun Kim, Ying-Hui Li, Min-Kyu Kim, Da-Mi Kim, Byeung-Sub Choi, Eung-Gook Kim, Jin-Haeng Chung, Ok-Jun Lee, You-Mie Lee, Joo-Won Suh, Linda Shyue Huey Chuang, Yoshiaki Ito, Suk-Chul Bae
Journal: Cancer Cell (2013)
Novel therapeutic and diagnostic antibodies against KIR3DL2, a unique tumor antigen overexpressed on subtypes of T cell lymphomas
Authors: Anne Marie-Cardine, Nicolas Viaud, Arnaud Dujardin, Joly Rachel, Nathalie Granier, Laurent Gauthier, Cecile Bonnafous, Mathieu Blery, Carine Paturel, Armand Bensussan, Martine Bagot, Helene Sicard
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts KIR3DL2 belongs to the killer immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (KIRs) family and is composed of three extracellular Ig-like domains. KIR3DL2 is naturally expressed on some NK cells and minor subpopulations of CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Physiologically, KIRD3L2 is an inhibitory
Cholelithiasis in subjects with hypercalcaemia and primary hyperparathyroidism detected in a health screening.
Authors: T Christensson, K Einarsson
Journal: Gut (1977)

The frequency of gallstone disease was studied in a group of 82 subjects (69 females and 13 males; mean ages 55-0 and 52-3 years, respectively) with verified hypercalcaemia (VHC) detected in a health screening in the Stockholm area. All non-cholecystectomised subjects were examined with a peroral cholecystography. Causes of hypercalcaemia other than primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) had been excluded as far as possible. Sixty-two patients had been operated upon and all but two males were found to have parathyroid adenomas. The patients were compared with a series of 82 normocalcaemic age- and sex-matched subjects, selected from the health screening register. The patients with VHC and/or PHPT had about the same frequency of gallstone disease as the controls. The results are at variance with those of other investigators who have reported that PHPT is associated with an abnormally high frequency of gallstone disease. Possible explanations of the discrepancy in results is discussed.
Countway — A New Harvard Eponym
Authors: Lloyd E. Hawes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

IN this issue, Charles Hickling Bradford (M.D., Harvard, 1931), son of former medical-school dean Edward H. Bradford (M.D., Harvard, 1873), writes the first of a series of lively essays on New England's Revolutionary physicians. Bradford, himself a true Bostonian, a superb orthopedic specialist as was Dean Bradford before him, and a medical historian and lecturer of note, gives to the medical practitioners of the 18th and 19th centuries a sense of the timelessness of the medical profession. The doctors of 200 years ago (now designated as the period of the Bicentennial Celebration) were caught up in the frenzy and agony . . .
Childhood antecedents of schizophrenia
Authors: A. D Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

anti-inflammatory drugs.Dieppe et al,' together with Brandt and Bradley,3 reviewed all identifiable controlled studies, which showed that "paracetamol reduced pain and tenderness significantly" compared with placebo; "Voltarol significantly improved mobility score" compared with Distal- gesic; "ibuprofen improved pain at rest signifi- cantly" compared with paracetamol; "diclofenac 100 mg daily produced significantly greater improvement in pain and mobility than ... dextropropoxyphene 180 mg and paracetamol 1-95 g daily"; and there was "strong patient preference for ketoprofen rather than paracetamol/ propoxyphene."Brandt and Bradley concluded that paracetamol was as good as ibuprofen in osteoarthritis since scores obtained with the health assessment questionnaire showed no difference even though pain on walking (P=0 10) and at rest (P=005) did.4Because of these data I believe that it was wrong to conclude that "the assertion that [non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs] are more effective ... than paracetamol is not yet substantiated."2The inadequacy of paracetamol is further supported by a recent survey in Nottingham of 1137 patients receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in general practice; 51% named their current non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as the most effective treatment they had received, compared with only 6% favouring other analgesics that were not non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.'While anxiety about the gastrointestinal toxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is legitimate, this accounts at most for one admission to hospital per 45 patient years in elderly people.6Paracetamol is a relatively poor analgesic with imperfectly assessed gastrotoxicity that is likely to make no more than a minor contribution to reducing the problems of complications associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Genomics and the origin of species
Authors: Ole Seehausen, Roger K. Butlin, Irene Keller, Catherine E. Wagner, Janette W. Boughman, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Catherine L. Peichel, Glenn-Peter Saetre, Claudia Bank, Åke Brännström, Alan Brelsford, Chris S. Clarkson, Fabrice Eroukhmanoff, Jeffrey L. Feder, Martin C. Fischer, Andrew D. Foote, Paolo Franchini, Chris D. Jiggins, Felicity C. Jones, Anna K. Lindholm, Kay Lucek, Martine E. Maan, David A. Marques, Simon H. Martin, Blake Matthews, Joana I. Meier, Markus Möst, Michael W. Nachman, Etsuko Nonaka, Diana J. Rennison, Julia Schwarzer, Eric T. Watson, Anja M. Westram, Alex Widmer
Journal: Nature Reviews Genetics (2014)
THE EFFECT OF ELECTRIC SHOCK ON MENTAL EFFICIENCY
Authors: P. E. HUSTON, C. R. STROTHER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1948)

The present study has attempted to determine the effect of electric shock treatment on mental efficiency. The population studied included 75 patients, suffering from depression, hypomania, or psychoneurosis. The mean age was 41.2 years ; the mean number of shocks was 7.8. On Babcock tests administered an average of 11 days after shock, there was a slight but not significant improvement. On the Shipley test, the improvement was probably significant. When the same tests were administered after a follow-up interval averaging 189 days, there was relatively great and statistically significant improvement on both tests. Babcock scores obtained by the patient group about 6 months after shock were not significantly lower than the scores of a normal population of 17 persons of the same age and vocabulary level. It may be concluded that, for the population studied and under the conditions of the present experiment, electric shock treatment does not produce any significant impairment of mental efficiency after an interval of 6 months. No correlations were found between age and improvement from test period to test period. There was some evidence that patients receiving a greater number of shocks were affected more in mental efficiency than those receiving a lesser number of shocks.
A case of CD56+ cutaneous aleukaemic granulocytic sarcoma with myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Y. Murakami, S. Nagae, E. Matsuishi, K. Irie, M. Furue
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

We describe a 70‐year‐old man with cutaneous granulocytic sarcoma who presented with numerous cutaneous nodules but without any leukaemic involvement of the peripheral blood. The tumour cells were positive for lysozyme, peroxidase, CD11a, CD11c, CD33 and HLA‐DR, and weakly positive for CD4 and CD14, suggesting granulocytic differentiation. The bone marrow at admission showed dysplasia of the erythrocytic and granulocytic lineage and complex chromosomal abnormalities in association with an increase in monocytes. The patient was diagnosed as having granulocytic sarcoma of monocytic lineage with concomitant myelodysplastic syndrome. In this case, tumour cells also expressed the neural cell adhesion molecule (CD56), which has been suggested as a possible risk factor for developing granulocytic sarcoma in acute myelogenous leukaemia.
Allergic Hepatitis Caused by Propionyl Erythromycin Ester of Lauryl Sulfate
Authors: Darwin F. Johnson, Wendell H. Hall
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

THE problem of drug-induced liver injury is becoming increasingly important with the introduction of new drugs and poisons. Two recent reviews1 , 2 have listed the agents that have been implicated in liver injury. Chlorpromazine is the best example of the group of drugs that produces a syndrome simulating extrahepatic biliary obstruction.3 Such commonly used drugs as chlorothiazide,4 norethandrolone,5 methimazole6 and methyltestosterone7 have been reported to cause intrahepatic cholestasis, although the incidence is low.The purpose of this report is to add an antibiotic, the propionyl erythromycin ester lauryl sulfate to the list of drugs that may cause intrahepatic cholestasis. Evidence of . . .
Relation of Income to Body Weight in Cigarette Smokers and Nonsmokers
Authors: Jetson E. Lincoln
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The tendency for male cigarette smokers to weigh less than nonsmokers does not appear to be equally prevalent at all income levels. On the lower end of the economic scale, male cigarette smokers weigh substantially less than nonsmokers. The difference diminishes as income increases. Data from a recent survey permits comparison of smoker and nonsmoker body weights among middle-aged and older men for three selected income classes. Through the facilities of the Home Testing Institute, questionnaires were mailed to 1,120 male heads of household with family income of less than $5,000 per year, 744 with family income of $5,000 through $7,000, and 1,356 with family income of $12,000 and over. The mailing was further limited to men in the 41 to 70-year-old age brackets. Except for the specifications just noted, the mailing was national in scope, with substantial representation of all geographical areas of the continental United
Molecular Mechanism of Hepcidin-Mediated Ferroportin Internalization Requires Ferroportin Lysines, Not Tyrosines or JAK-STAT
Authors: Sandra L. Ross, Lynn Tran, Aaron Winters, Ki-Jeong Lee, Cherylene Plewa, Ian Foltz, Chadwick King, Les P. Miranda, Jennifer Allen, Holger Beckman, Keegan S. Cooke, Gordon Moody, Barbra J. Sasu, Elizabeta Nemeth, Tomas Ganz, Graham Molineux, Tara L. Arvedson
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
Medical Preparedness—A Must
Authors: Leonard B. Greentree
Journal: JAMA (1975)

ONCE again, rumors of impending nuclear war are being circulated in the capitals of the world. For this reason,  is important to review medical  in the United States for its civilian population. Simply stated, medical  for the US civilian population is presently in a precarious position.  fact, any further reduction of our emergency medical stockpile would make preparedness an empty word. 1 In reality, says a research report published by our Defense Department, it appears that today's civil defense could only meet the full test of adequacy under one contingency, the contingency that nuclear war does not occur. 2 For unclear reasons, the American public has been spared knowledge of the present plight of medical  for its civilian population. It may well be that most people, and this includes those in the government, instinctively refuse to think of war. Some even believe that considering the
Blood Pressure Elevation Versus Abnormal Albuminuria in the Genesis and Prediction of Renal Disease in Diabetes
Authors: Carl Erik Mogensen, Klavs Würgler Hansen, Ruth Østerby, Else Marie Damsgaard
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

A number of risk factors associated with the development of diabetic nephropathy has been described, such as elevated blood pressure, poor metabolic control, hyperlipidemia, and smoking. Abnormal albuminuria also is associated with progression of renal disease, but has until recently been considered principally a marker of disease activity rather than a risk factor. This article discusses the role of elevated blood pressure versus abnormal albuminuria in a genesis and prediction of renal disease in diabetes. Controversy exists regarding parental disposition to hypertension and early blood pressure elevation in the course of diabetes, but all studies agree that elevated blood pressure—in the presence of abnormal albuminuria—constitutes a risk factor. Because abnormal albuminuria is associated with progression disease, it may itself be a risk factor because increased macromolecular traffic over the glomerular membrane may produce glomerulopathy. Problems related to blood pressure measurement are important, and 24-h recordings of blood pressure may be recommended in some situations. Regarding renal structure, preliminary results suggest that structural lesions precede blood pressure elevation. The solid end point for evaluation of renal disease progression is the fall rate of GFR, with abnormal albuminuria as an intermediate end point, also in drug trials. Abnormal albuminuria may constitute a new indication for antihypertensive treatment, being, as it is, a clear indicator of organ damage, whereas elevated blood pressure with normal AER may not increase risk substantially.
Complications of Bay Leaf Ingestion
Authors: Susan A. Brokaw
Journal: JAMA (1983)

To the Editor.—  After reading the letter by Palin and Richarson in the Feb 11 issue ofThe Journal(1983; 249:729), I felt compelled to report an additional, personally experienced gastrointestinal tract complication of inadvertent bay leaf ingestion.  While dining at our neighbors' apartment, I felt a sharp object in the back of my throat. Before I could gracefully remove it, it became lodged in my pharynx, inciting paroxysms of gagging, drooling, and coughing. Attempts to remove it manually or to dislodge it with firm back slaps were futile. Thinking it was a chicken bone, my husband took me to the emergency room, where lateral neck films showed stippled calcifications in the region of the arytenoids but no definite foreign body. Indirect laryngoscopy findings were also normal. The pain was at first localized above the sternal notch and associated with swallowing but, with time, became increasingly severe, constant, and referred