tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Evidence of biological efficacy for prolonged glucocorticoid treatment in patients with unresolving ARDS
Authors: G.U. Meduri, P. Carratu, A.X. Freire
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2003)

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a disease of multifactorial etiology characterised by rapid development of severe diffuse and nonhomogenous inflammation of the pulmonary lobules causing life-threatening hypoxaemic respiratory failure. The current authors tested a therapeutic intervention on a previously defined pathophysiological model of ARDS. The model was defined by investigating, during the natural history of ARDS, the relationship among the three fundamental elements of a disease process pathogenesis, structural alterations, and functional consequences. In these studies, the present authors provided biological and morphological evidence indicating that ARDS patients failing to improve after 1 week of mechanical ventilation (unresolving ARDS) have intense and protracted (dysregulated) pulmonary and systemic inflammatory and neo-fibrogenetic activity. Nuclear factor-κB and the glucocorticoid receptor have diametrically opposed functions in regulating inflammation. This chapter will review recent data indicating that poor outcome in acute respiratory distress syndrome might be related in part to failure of the activated glucocorticoid receptors to downregulate the transcription of inflammatory cytokines despite elevated levels of circulating cortisol. In a small randomised study of patients with unresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome, the current authors have shown that prolonged glucocorticoid supplementation improved all aspects of glucocorticoid receptors function and enhanced glucocorticoid-mediated anti-inflammatory action by interfering with nuclear factor-κB activation.
Abstract 2111: Genomic rearrangements in <i>BRCA1</i> and <i>BRCA2</i> loci in Chilean breast cancer families
Authors: Pilar Carvallo, Alejandro Sánchez, Paola Faúndez, Mauricio Camus, Manuel Alvarez
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 are responsible of about 20% of hereditary breast cancer in Chilean families. Studies in breast cancer families from other populations have identified the amplification and/or deletion of one or more exons in these genes, as the cause of the disease. In the present study we determined the presence of these types of alterations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, in 76 Chilean families, non carriers of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations, by using MLPA analysis (Multiple Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification). We identified 2 different alterations in the BRCA1 gene: in one family 1.6 times amplification of exon 10 was found, and amplification of exons 3, 5 and 6 was detected in 3 families, with ratios 1.5; 5.5 and 4.5. These alterations, confirmed in a second MLPA analysis, have not been previously described in other populations. To validate the MLPA results and to characterize these genomics alterations we performed qPCR, long range PCR and sequencing. Amplification of exon 10 was confirmed by qPCR, but sequencing was not possible due, in part, to the presence of several repeats in the adjacent introns. In the two unrelated patients showing amplification ratios of 5.5 and 4.5 for exons 3, 5 and 6, qPCR results were concordant with amplification of only exon 5. Long range PCR and sequencing of these gene fragments revealed the presence of exon 5 duplicated and contiguous to exon 6. The third unrelated patient showing amplification of exons 3, 5 and 6 with a ratio of 1.4, did not show differences with control DNA in qPCR analysis. This study reveals the necessity to confirm MLPA results with qPCR and/or sequencing of the involved gene fragments to validate exonic amplifications. Financed by Fondecyt 1080595. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2111.
MRI-DEFINED AREAS OF MICROVASCULAR OBSTRUCTION AFTER REVASCULARIZED ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION REPRESENT HISTOLOGICAL MICROVASCULAR DESTRUCTION WITH HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Lourens FHJ Robbers, Elise Eerenberg, Paul Teunissen, Matthijs F. Jansen, Maurits R. Hollander, Anton Horrevoets, Paul Knaapen, Robin Nijveldt, Marcel M. Levi, Albert van Rossum, Hans W.M. Niessen, C. Bogdan Marcu, Aernout Beek, Niels van Royen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
IL-13 Receptor Alpha 2 Lung-transgenic Mice Displayed Reduced Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation in a House Dust Mite Challenged Model
Authors: W. Chen, C.M. Cunningham, M.O. Daines, M.R. Warrier, A.M. Gibson, G.K. Khurana Hershey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Minimizing Therapy and Maximizing Outcomes in Rectal Cancer
Authors: Joel E. Tepper, Bert H. O'Neil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

gallbladder cancer: Not ready to be used. J Clin Oncol 26:4522-4523, 2008; author reply 4524-4526 29. Wang SJ, Fuller CD, Kim JS, et al: Prediction model for estimating the survival benefit of adjuvant radiotherapy for gallbladder cancer. J Clin Oncol 26:2112-2117, 2008 30. Knight Cancer Institute of Oregon Health and Science University: Gallbladder Cancer Adjuvant Therapy, 2011. http://skynet.ohsu.edu/nomograms/gallbladder/ 31. National Lunch Screening Trial Research Team, Aberle DR, Adams AM, et al: Reduced lung-cancer mortality with low-dose computed tomographic screening. N Engl J Med 365:395-409, 2010 32. Sox HC: Better evidence about screening for lung cancer. N Engl J Med Aug 365:455-457, 2011 33. Henschke CI, Naidich DP, Yankelevitz DF, et al: Early lung cancer action project: Initial findings on repeat screenings. Cancer 92:153-159, 2001 34. Swensen SJ, Jett JR, Hartman TE, et al: CT screening for lung cancer: Five-year prospective experience. Radiology 235:259-265, 2005 35. Swensen SJ, Jett JR, Sloan JA, et al: Screening for lung cancer with low-dose spiral computed tomography. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 165:508-513, 2002 36. International Early Lung Cancer Action Program Investigators, Henschke CI, Yankelevitz DF, et al: Survival of patients with stage I lung cancer detected on CT screening. N Engl J Med 355:1763-1771, 2006 37. Bach PB, Jett JR, Pastorino U, et al: Computed tomography screening and lung cancer outcomes. JAMA 297:953-961, 2007 38. Wang SJ, Kalpathy-Cramer J, Kim JS, et al: Parametric survival models for predicting the benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in gallbladder cancer. AMIA Annu Symp Proc 2010:847-851, 2010 39. Ahmed FE, Vos PW, Holbert D: Modeling survival in colon cancer: A methodological review. Mol Cancer 6:15, 2007 40. Anderson JR, Cain KC, Gelber RD, et al: Analysis and interpretation of the comparison of survival by treatment outcome variables in cancer clinical trials. Cancer Treat Rep 69:1139-1146, 1985 41. Smith LK, Lambert PC, Botha JL, et al: Providing more up-to-date estimates of patient survival: A comparison of standard survival analysis with period analysis using life-table methods and proportional hazards models. J Clin Epidemiol 57:14-20, 2004
Polymorphisms in pockets of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules influence peptide preference.
Authors: E M Rohren, L R Pease, H L Ploegh, T N Schumacher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

The set of peptides that is bound by a given major histocompatibility complex class I product can be described by one or two properly spaced anchor residues, and two properly spaced peptide termini, approximately 8-10 residues apart. Using radiolabeled peptide libraries, we examined whether mutations in those "pockets" in class I Kb molecules that do not seem critically involved in the interaction with the peptide anchor residues, do exert an effect on the set of preferred peptides. We find that mutations in all the pockets found in the structure of Kb have a significant effect on the peptide preference of the molecule, and their recognition by cytotoxic T cells. Alterations in substrate specificity are also observed for mutations involving residues that interact with main chain atoms in both peptide termini. These findings challenge a static view of the interaction of peptide termini with their respective pockets in the class I molecule, and imply a role for the minor pockets in peptide selectivity.
"HELIOTHERAPY IN GENITO-URINARY TUBERCULOSIS"
Authors: W. F. Braasch
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In a paper by Nelson A. Myll on this subject (The Journal, Dec. 6, 1924), several deductions were made which are open to question. Notations were made from a paper on renal tuberculosis by Braasch and Scholl to the effect that 77.4 per cent, of the total number of patients operated on at the Mayo Clinic for renal tuberculosis were dead at the end of five years. This is manifestly erroneous, in that but 119 of 847 patients operated on were reported dead, and this includes many patients who died from ten to fifteen years after operation from causes attendant to old age. In other words, the postoperative mortality at the end of five years in the hands of a skilled surgeon should not be more than 20 per cent. The 77.4 per cent, referred to indicates the percentage of the 119 patients reported dead who died
Abstract A43: Systemic tumor-stroma interactions are prognostic indicators of breast tumor invasiveness
Authors: Casey A. Frankenberger, Russell O. Bainer, Daniel C. Rabe, Sadiq Saleh, Morag Park, Yoav Gilad, Marsha R. Rosner
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Cancer progression is critically dependent on specific molecular interactions between tumor cells and their microenvironment, but little is known about the global dynamics of this crosstalk within and across individuals. Here, we used an RNA sequencing approach with species-of-origin information in a xenograft mouse model to computationally resolve and compare tumor versus stromal transcriptional changes. Our study employed a triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) model in which primary tumor invasiveness is controlled by the metastasis suppressor Raf Kinase Inhibitory Protein (RKIP) allowing systemic observation of stromal response to invasive or noninvasive breast tumours at both proximal and distal sites. Initially, we observed that expression levels of gene homologs in human tumor and mouse stroma are highly synchronized. Surprisingly, the set of genes most prognostic for metastasis-free survival in multiple clinical data sets were those whose mRNA expression was inversely correlated between tumor and stroma. These results were confirmed in an independent set of microarray data from tumor and stroma micro-dissected from primary human breast cancer patient tissue. Additionally, we found broad-based and invasion-specific gene expression changes in stromal tissues far from the primary lesion, with these results being confirmed in an independent set of samples. Of note, genes differentially expressed in the tumor-associated stroma were better classifiers of tumor phenotype than genes differentially expressed in the tumor alone. As well, stromal genes differentially expressed both locally and distally, are significant predictors of patient prognosis. These findings demonstrate the potential for using patient tissue remote from the primary tumor as indicators of disease aggressiveness. Furthermore, these results suggest that stromal gene expression, acting to compensate for changes in the tumor, may have both prognostic and therapeutic implications. Citation Format: Casey A. Frankenberger, Russell O. Bainer, Daniel C. Rabe, Sadiq Saleh, Morag Park, Yoav Gilad, Marsha R. Rosner. Systemic tumor-stroma interactions are prognostic indicators of breast tumor invasiveness. [abstract]. In: Abstracts: AACR Special Conference on Cellular Heterogeneity in the Tumor Microenvironment; 2014 Feb 26-Mar 1; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(1 Suppl):Abstract nr A43. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.CHTME14-A43
ON RECENT ADVANCES IN THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SYPHILIS
Authors: D. Power
Journal: BMJ (1908)

THE SURGICAL TET91MT OF STPHILIg.museeptibls of irritation, but that very probably it is the centre from which the expulsive aetton of the uterus takes iht origin, the further inferenee being that If a placenta be unduly adherent when it happens to be located t the fundus, or that a sesille tumour grew from the undu, the uterus is stimulated to get rid of what has become a foreign body, and, fatling to detach, this, becomes inverted In consequence of its own efforts.Long before I retired from practice I became convinced tat the late Dr. Robert Barnes, who was one of my most highly esteemed frlends, was mistaken when, on the authority of Bokitansky, he stated that the fibres of the uterus at the placental site are paralyzed and do not contract equally with the uterine fibres, and that so inversion occurs; nor can I agree with him that the 'fundal zone"1s the natural site for placental attach- ment.The number of times I have introduced my hand to remove an adherent placenta were very numerous, and in not one of these was the plaecenta situated at the tuadu uteri.I should be glad to think these remarks of mine may call the-attention of practitioners to the subject of the causes of inversion of the uterus, and that the particulars ofsuch cases as may be observed be published.RDFERdNCE.
P35 A Physiologist-Led Interstitial Lung Disease Follow Up Service: Experiences and Outcomes in a UK District General Hospital
Authors: MG Jones, K Butterfield, W McConnell
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> A proportion of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) maintain disease stability but require ongoing physiological and symptomatic monitoring. With increasing service demands and targets to reduce the proportion of follow up appointments, new approaches to use physician time efficiently whilst ensuring patient safety are required. In 2006, under the supervision of a Consultant Respiratory Physician, a Physiologist Led ILD service was established in our hospital. Based on the clinical decision of the physician, patients with stable ILD at follow up are transferred for physiologist led follow up for ongoing observation. All patients attend for pulmonary function tests under the supervision of a physiologist at an interval determined by the physician. At this visit a patient symptom questionnaire is completed, and, if requested by the physician, a chest radiograph is performed. The information is subsequently reviewed by the physician who determines whether ongoing physiologist led follow up, further physician input, or discharge from follow up is required. <h3>The Aim</h3> of this study was to retrospectively review service demand and patient outcomes over a 6 year period. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective database and case review of all patients transferred by one respiratory consultant for physiologist led follow up from January 2006 until December 2011. <h3>Results</h3> 106 patients were transferred for physiologist led follow up. Mean age at commencement of follow up was 71.2. 29 patients were stable throughout follow up and discharged (mean number of visits per discharged patient 2.46). 8 patients required physician input based on change in symptoms or physiological parameters. 6 of these patients were diagnosed with progression of ILD and 3 commenced on treatment. 2 subsequently died from ILD. No patient died from ILD whilst under physiologist led follow up. In 2011 48 follow up appointments were saved from one consultant’s clinic lists. <h3>Conclusions</h3> With appropriate patient selection, physiologist-led ILD follow up provides a safe and effective service whilst reducing the demand placed on physician follow up appointments.
Factitious urticaria: Red Dermographism
Authors: ROBERT P. WARIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Factitious urticaria: Red Dermographism Get access ROBERT P. WARIN ROBERT P. WARIN Department of Dermatology, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol 2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 104, Issue 3, 1 March 1981, Pages 285–288, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb00950.x Published: 01 March 1981 Article history Accepted: 10 March 1980 Published: 01 March 1981
Daylight Savings Time and Traffic Accidents
Authors: Stanley Coren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

To the Editor: It has become increasingly clear that insufficient sleep and disrupted circadian rhythms are a major public health problem. For instance, in 1988 the cost of sleep-related accidents exceeded $56 billion and included 24,318 deaths and 2,474,430 disabling injuries.1 Major disasters, including the nuclear accident at Chernobyl, the Exxon Valdez oil spill, and the destruction of the space shuttle Challenger, have been linked to insufficient sleep, disrupted circadian rhythms, or both on the part of involved supervisors and staff.2,3 It has been suggested that as a society we are chronically sleep-deprived4 and that small additional losses of . . .
Homeopathy is not an effective treatment for any health condition, report concludes
Authors: J. Pakpoor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A large review by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council has reported that homeopathy is not an effective treatment for any health condition.1 It cautioned that “people who choose homeopathy may put their health at risk if they reject or delay treatments for which there is good evidence.”

The council, the country’s highest medical research body, conducted an extensive assessment of scientific evidence to develop a position statement on the use of homeopathy. The report incorporated an evaluation of …
RETINAL HEMORRHAGES IN THE NEW-BORN
Authors: MAX W. JACOBS
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The study of eye injuries of the new-born has attracted the attention of numerous writers during the last two generations. With the invention of the ophthalmoscope, men began to study the eyegrounds of the new-born as well as of the adult. Soon papers appeared dealing with the eyeground anomalies as discovered during the first hours and days of life. In the recently published monograph of Ehrenfest,<sup>1</sup>the subject is presented in a manner that brings home again the importance of a possible correlation of ocular findings of all sorts with definite features of the labor, since an understanding of such correlation would help in preventing some of the sequelae of birth injuries. How far ocular examinations may assist in diagnosticating intracranial lesions and what the relationship is between ophthalmologic phenomena and labor is a field still full of possibilities, if one is to judge by a study of the
Hapten-specific T-Cell Unresponsiveness Induced by Benzylpenicilloyl Autologous Gamma Globulin Conjugates in Human Lymphocytes In Vitro
Authors: Raif S. Geha, Lazar Fruchter, Yves Borel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The aim of these studies was to determine whether unresponsiveness to the main determinant of penicillin, benzylpenicilloyl, can be induced in human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro by conjugates of benzylpenicilloyl (BPO) autologous gamma globulin (HGG). Initially it was shown that conjugates of BPO-keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) elicited lymphocyte proliferation in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of six out of nine adult individuals in vitro. In contrast, conjugates of dinitrophenylated KLH and of BPO-HGG and the carriers HGG and KLH alone failed to do so. Similarly, release of the non-specific helper factor, lymphocyte mitogenic factor (LMF) occurred only after BPO-KLH stimulation. LMF activity was measured by B-cell proliferation and incorporation of radioactive amino acids into secreted immunoglobulin.
Independent effect of vitamin B<sub>12</sub> deficiency on hematological status in older Chinese vegetarian women
Authors: T. Kwok, G. Cheng, J. Woo, W.K. Lai, C.P. Pang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

We have examined the independent effect of vitamin B(12) deficiency on hematological indices in older Chinese vegetarian women using a cross-sectional study design: 119 women older than 55 years who had been vegetarian for more than 3 years were studied. Fasting blood samples were taken for complete blood count, serum iron, total serum iron binding capacity, serum iron saturation, serum vitamin B(12), serum folate, serum methylmalonic acid levels (MMA), and renal function test. Subjects with iron deficiency (iron saturation <15%) and those with serum creatinine >150 mmol/L were excluded. The prevalence of definite vitamin B(12) deficiency (vitamin B(12) level < 150 pmol/L and MMA >or= 0.4 micromol/L) was 42%. Another 32.8% had possible vitamin B(12) deficiency (either criterion). The prevalence of iron deficiency was 10%. After exclusions, 96 subjects were further analyzed. Vitamin B(12) deficiency defined by serum vitamin B(12) and MMA was associated with a decrease in hemoglobin concentrations by up to 0.9 g/dL, but it was not associated with an increase in mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Serum MMA but not vitamin B(12) levels correlated inversely with hemoglobin and platelet counts and positively with MCV, after adjustment of confounding factors. However, the percentage of subjects with anemia did not increase significantly until serum MMA became >1.0 micromol/L. In conclusion, vitamin B(12) deficiency was associated with a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration. However, anemia associated with vitamin B(12) deficiency was seldom macrocytic. We recommend that older vegetarians should be given vitamin B(12) supplements routinely.
Pivotal role of HIV and EBV replication in the long-term persistence of monoclonal gammopathy in patients on antiretroviral therapy
Authors: David Eric Ouedraogo, Alain Makinson, Jean-Pierre Vendrell, Marie-Laure Casanova, Nicolas Nagot, Renaud Cezar, Karine Bollore, Yassine Al Taaba, Vincent Foulongne, Stéphanie Badiou, Johannes Viljoen, Jacques Reynes, Philippe Van de Perre, Edouard Tuaillon
Journal: Blood (2013)