tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Osteoplasty Combined With Radioiodine Therapy as a Treatment for Bone Metastasis Developing After Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Hong-Jun Song, Chun-Gen Wu, Yan-Li Xue, Yan-Hong Xu, Zhong-Ling Qiu, Quan-Yong Luo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Bone metastasis developing after differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) is common, and in most cases, this condition leads to osteolysis. However, treatment of bone metastases in DTC patients is a great challenge. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous osteoplasty (POP) combined with radioiodine therapy for treating bone metastasis developing after DTC.We retrospectively studied 8 patients who had undergone POP combined with radioiodine therapy for bone metastases after DTC. All patients underwent total thyroidectomy and were administered an oral dose of 131I (3.7 GBq, 100 mCi) for ablation of the residual thyroid. Thereafter, a POP was performed at 2 to 3 months followed by 2 to 5 sessions of radioiodine therapy every 4 to 6 months after the first 131I therapy. The therapeutic effectiveness of this treatment was evaluated on the basis of the changes in serum thyroglobulin (Tg) level and imaging characteristics, palliation of bone pain, and alleviation of neurologic symptoms.After POP, the mean serum Tg level decreased by 86.0% (range, 68.1%-99.3%). The mean serum Tg level markedly declined further by 67.4% (range, 37.1%-90.2%) after repeated radioiodine therapy. All the patients experienced immediate and substantial alleviation of bone pain and neurologic symptoms, and their quality of life markedly improved. The bone-destructive lesions were filled with bone cement to enhance skeletal stability. No severe complications developed.POP, a minimally invasive procedure, combined with radioiodine therapy seems to be highly effective in providing pain relief and bone stability and in improving the quality of life of DTC patients with bone metastases. After POP, radioiodine therapy is essential.
Glycemic Control and Nerve Conduction Abnormalities in Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Ronald J. Graf, Jeffrey B. Halter, Michael A. Pfeifer, Eugen Halar, Frank Brozovich, Daniel Porte
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

The influence of therapy of hyperglycemia on the progression of diabetic neuropathy is unclear. We studied variables of glycemia and motor and sensory nerve conduction velocity in a group of 18 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects before and after institution of diabetes therapy. Diabetes therapy significantly reduced variables of glycemia after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Conduction velocity of the median motor nerve was improved from baseline at each time tested during treatment. In addition, peroneal and tibial motor nerve conduction velocities improved in patients whose levels of hyperglycemia were lowered. Moreover, extent of improvement of conduction velocity of some motor nerves was related to the degree of reduction of hyperglycemia. Sensory nerve conduction velocity was not altered by diabetes therapy. These findings support the hypothesis of a metabolic component to diabetic neuropathy and suggest that optimal glycemic control may be beneficial to patients with this disorder.
Clopidogrel Treatment and the MEND-CABG II Trial
Authors: Jaewon Oh, Namki Hong, Seok Min Kang
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Iron in Enriched Wheat Bread
Authors: Grace A. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  The AMA Council on Foods and Nutrition statement in the May 8th issue made reference to two studies:  (1) an in-depth review of the state-ofthe-art concerning iron-storage phenomena in man, and (2) the feasibility of clinical research which would definitely answer the question as to whether increases in iron enrichment of cereal-based foods, of the order of magnitude exemplified by the proposal under discussion, would in fact increase either the prevalence or the severity of pathological iron-storage phenomena.  This is being conducted by the Life Sciences Research Office, Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology (LSRO/FASEB) for the Food and Drug Administration. We think it would be helpful to clarify several statements (p 858) about these LSRO/FASEB studies.  The study entitled, A Review of the Significance of Dietary Iron on Iron Storage Phenomena , (ref 18) is not yet completed. The report is in the final stages of
Space-Occupying Gambits for Medical Writers
Authors: Richard L. Reece
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Space-occupyingl writing like a fog. Yet the space-consuming efforts of many of us continue to be rejected. The message of this essay is that obscurity, when properly inflated, can lead to publication. Your goal is clear—to produce the greatest number of papers from the minimal amount of data using the maximal number of words. Before I describe the basic gambits, I will tell you how you should approach the game. Say nothing well and don't stop when you have said it. Remember that clarity is degrading, that blunt statements are impolite and that vagueness is safer than precision. Be aloof. Aloofness implies dignity, and dignity is a flexible weapon in the fight against clarity. If you want to become an artful practioner of turgid but publishable prose, master the following ten gambits. <h3>The Windfoggery Weave</h3> Windfoggery is the bedrock of all obscurity. Wind and fog do not coexist in nature
Further Experimental Evidence that Pulmonary Capillary Pressures Do Not Reflect Cyclic Changes in Left Atrial Pressure (Mitral Lesions and Pulmonary Embolism)
Authors: JAY L. ANKENEY
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

Wedged catheter pressures (PC) were compared with those in the aorta, left atrium, and pulmonary artery before and after production of mitral stenosis, insufficiency, and pulmonary embolism. In general it was found that "PC" pressures follow closely changes in left atrial pressures even when pulmonary artery pressure changes in an opposite direction (for example, pulmonary embolism). However, properly recorded "PC" pressure pulses did not display the large cyclic pressure variations recorded from the left atrium during mitral stenosis and insufficiency. It is concluded that pressures recorded through a properly wedged catheter represent the constant pulmonary capillary pressure but do not reflect cyclic pressure variations in the left atrium.
Amyloidosis and a Periodic Disease
Authors: Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ABSTRACT To the Editor:— The title of an editorial, Hereditary Amyloidosis? (JAMA184:418 [May 4] 1963), need not have had a question mark. One form of it is heritable. No reference was made, however, to a different view pertaining to the possible genetic relation of amyloidosis to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) as expressed in a communication to The Journal only 2 months before (183:879, 1963). The term FMF itself only adds to the confusion of nine other unsatisfactory terms for the disorder, including periodic peritonitis. Abdominal pain and other symptoms, not fever, are the prominent features. The same disorder, called Armenian disease, also is familial among Armenians, who are not strictly a Mediterranean people, and it occurs worldwide in persons of other ethnic origin. A better name is desired. Mediterranean fever, moreover, is a synonym—a poor one—for brucellosis.Data presented by the Tel Aviv physicians to unify periodic peritonitis
Proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells in long-term cultures of adult hamster spleen.
Authors: E A Arnold, I Katsnelson, G J Hoffman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

We have found that in liquid cultures of spleen cells of adult Syrian hamsters of the F1D strain, the hematopoietic microenvironment is adequate to sustain proliferation of splenic stem cells for periods of greater than 4 mo, and permits granulocytic, monocytic, and megakaryocytic differentiation without secondary repopulation or addition of exogenous growth factors to the basic medium of RPMI 1640 plus 20% horse serum. Intimate topographical relations are established between spleen stromal cells and hematopoietic cell components of the culture is adherent "cell-producing" islets. Some of these islets are associated with multiple hematopoietic cell types such as myeloid, monocytic, and megakaryocytic cells. Other islets are associated with a single cell type such as megakaryocytes, which suggests a limited potential of some adherent stromal cells to direct the differentiation of precursor cells. Cultures of this type provide a simple and convenient model for investigation of the mechanisms controlling differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells, not only for granulocytic and monocytic cells, but for megakaryocytic cells as well.
A novel role for adiponectin in regulating the immune responses in chronic hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: Clovis Palmer, Taline Hampartzoumian, Andrew Lloyd, Amany Zekry
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Adipose tissue releases pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, including adiponectin, which elicit a broad range of metabolic and immunological effects. The study aim was to determine in subjects infected with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) the effects of total adiponectin and its high-molecular-weight (HMW) and low-molecular-weight isoforms on HCV-specific immune responses. Serum levels of total adiponectin and its isoforms were determined by immunoassay. The ex vivo effect of adiponectin on the HCV-specific T-cell response was examined by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay cytokine assays. The role of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway in mediating the adiponectin effect on T cells was also evaluated. We found that serum levels of total and HMW adiponectin were significantly decreased in subjects with chronic HCV and increased body mass index (BMI) compared with HCV-infected lean subjects. The presence of an anti-HCV specific immune response was strongly associated with lower BMI (P = 0.004) and higher serum total (P = 0.01) and HMW (P = 0.02) adiponectin. In ex vivo assays, total adiponectin and the HMW adiponectin isoform enhanced HCV-specific IFN-γ production (P = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively). Adiponectin-R1 receptors were expressed on T cells and monocytes. In depletion experiments, the IFN-γ response to adiponectin was entirely dependent on the simultaneous presence of both CD4 and CD8 T cells, and to a lesser extent, natural killer cells. Selective inhibition of p38MAPK activity by SB203580 abrogated the IFN-γ response to adiponectin, whereas extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 inhibition by PD98059 did not affect the response. Conclusion: In chronic HCV, a reciprocal association exists between BMI, adiponectin, and the anti-HCV immune responses, emphasizing the important role played by adiposity in regulating the immune response in HCV infection. (HEPATOLOGY 2008;48:374–384.)
Deleterious Effect of Chemotherapy on Measures of Insulin Resistance in Patients with Newly-Diagnosed Invasive Breast Cancer.
Authors: G. Makari-Judson, D. Katz, R. Barham, W. Mertens
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background: Women treated with early stage breast cancer often gain weight in the two years following diagnosis, with adjuvant chemotherapy, younger age, lower body mass index (BMI) and pretreatment menopausal status being associated factors (Breast J 2007; 13:258). The effect of insulin resistance on treatment-related weight gain, and of treatment on measures of insulin resistance, are unclear.Purpose: To prospectively study weight gain in women receiving adjuvant therapy for early stage breast cancer and assess changes in body mass index, body composition, and explore the relationship between markers of insulin resistance, cancer therapy, exercise and weight gain.Methods: Prospective, observational study of non-diabetic women with early-stage breast cancer receiving adjuvant chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapy. Fasting insulin, glucose, and triglycerides, weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference were obtained at baseline before adjuvant therapy, and at 6, and 12 months. Patients completed nutrition and exercise logs using the Nutritionist-Pro program. Insulin resistance was calculated using the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Waist/hip ratio (WHR) was used as a surrogate for percent body fat.Results: Complete data available for 95 patients are reported regarding weight change at 6 months (mean 0.4 kg, 95%CI -0.3, 1.0; p=.23 compared to baseline) and 12 months (0.9 kg, 95%CI 0.4, 1.8, p=.04 compared with baseline). Mean baseline HOMA-IR was 2.3 (95%CI 1.9, 2.7); mean baseline WHR was 0.82 (95%CI 0.81, 0.84). Six-month HOMA-IR tended to increase (by mean 0.34, p=.06) as did glucose/insulin ratio (p=.05). Waist measurement (p=.96) and WHR (p=.52) were unchanged. Chemotherapy-treated patients exhibited adverse changes compared with others (mean change for chemotherapy-treated and no chemotherapy for HOMA-IR: 0.53 vs. -0.64, p=.005; glucose/insulin: -2.1 vs. 2.7, p=.003; waist: 0.37 vs. -1.94 cm, p=.08; WHR: 0.001 vs. -0.024, p=.06). Age, BMI, hormonal therapy, or types of breast surgery were not associated with significant changes. Exercising patients demonstrated lower HOMA-IR and WHR, and greater glucose/insulin ratios at baseline, but exercise (aerobic, strength, or any exercise) was not associated with significant change at 6 and 12 months for any of these variables. While differences disappeared at 12 months despite further weight gain repeated measures analysis of variance confirmed the effect of chemotherapy over time for HOMA-IR (p=.048), glucose/insulin (p=.038) and WHR (p=.050).Conclusions: These preliminary data suggest that patients completing chemotherapy within 6 months of baseline appear to experience at least short-term changes in metabolism suggestive of insulin resistance. These adverse changes may help explain weight gain associated with adjuvant chemotherapy, and merit further prospective study. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 1054.
Antihypertensive drugs and risk of incident gout among patients with hypertension: population based case-control study
Authors: H. K. Choi, L. C. Soriano, Y. Zhang, L. A. G. Rodriguez
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>Objective</b> To determine the independent associations of antihypertensive drugs with the risk of incident gout among people with hypertension. <b>Design</b> Nested case-control study. <b>Setting</b> UK general practice database, 2000-7. <b>Participants</b> All incident cases of gout (n=24 768) among adults aged 20-79 and a random sample of 50 000 matched controls. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Relative risk of incident gout associated with use of antihypertensive drugs. <b>Results</b> After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, visits to the general practitioner, alcohol intake, and pertinent drugs and comorbidities, the multivariate relative risks of incident gout associated with current use of antihypertensive drugs among those with hypertension (n=29 138) were 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.82 to 0.93) for calcium channel blockers, 0.81 (0.70 to 0.94) for losartan, 2.36 (2.21 to 2.52) for diuretics, 1.48 (1.40 to 1.57) for β blockers, 1.24 (1.17 to 1.32) for angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and 1.29 (1.16 to 1.43) for non-losartan angiotensin II receptor blockers. Similar results were obtained among those without hypertension. The multivariate relative risks for the duration of use of calcium channel blockers among those with hypertension were 1.02 for less than one year, 0.88 for 1-1.9 years, and 0.75 for two or more years and for use of losartan they were 0.98, 0.87, and 0.71, respectively (both P&lt;0.05 for trend). <b>Conclusions</b> Compatible with their urate lowering properties, calcium channel blockers and losartan are associated with a lower risk of incident gout among people with hypertension. By contrast, diuretics, β blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and non-losartan angiotensin II receptor blockers are associated with an increased risk of gout.
Multiple bolus technique for lidocaine administration in acute ischemic heart disease: II. Treatment of refractory ventricular arrhythmias and the pharmacokinetic significance of severe left ventricular failure
Authors: Milford G. Wyman, Richard L. Slaughter, Denise A. Farolino, Saundra Gore, David S. Cannom, Bruce N. Goldreyer, David Lalka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1983)
Recent Trends in Stimulant Medication Use Among U.S. Children
Authors: Samuel H. Zuvekas, Benedetto Vitiello, M.S.P.H. Grayson S. Norquist
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate and amphetamines, are commonly prescribed to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Stimulant use increased fourfold from 1987 (0.6%) to 1996 (2.4%) among subjects 18-year-old and younger in the U.S. The aim of this study was to determine whether pediatric use of stimulants continued to rise during the period 1997–2002. Method: The Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) database for the years 1997–2001 was analyzed. The MEPS is a yearly survey of a nationally representative sample of civilian, noninstitutionalized U.S. households, conducted by the U.S. Agency for Health Care Research and Quality. Previously reported estimates from the 1996 MEPS and the 1987 National Medical Expenditure Survey, the predecessor to MEPS, were also replicated to compare recent trends to changes between 1987 and 1996. Results: The prevalence use of stimulants among subjects under 19 years of age was 2.7% (95% C.I. 2.3–3.1) in 1997 and 2.9% (95% C.I. 2.5–3.3) in 2002, with no statistically significant change during these 6 years. Likewise, when pooling data across years and comparing the rate in 1997–1998 (2.8%) with the rate in 2001–2002 (3.0%), no statistically significant changes emerged. Use was highest among 6–12 year olds (4.8% in 2002), as compared with 3.2% among 13–19 year olds and 0.3% among children under 6. An estimated 2.2 million (95% C.I. 1.9–2.6) children received stimulant medication in 2002 as compared to 2.0 million (95% C.I. 1.7–2.3) in 1997. Conclusions: The steep increase in the utilization of stimulants among children 18 years and younger that occurred over the 1987–1996 period attenuated in the following years through 2002, and has remained stable among very young children.
General Medical Council Is under threat
Authors: A C Srivastava, A Esmail, S Everington, A Gruneberg, A Moliver, J Beaven
Journal: BMJ (1994)

of these patients had been admitted with an oropharyngeal complaint and two had specifically complained about their mouths; the remaining patient had been admitted with HIV infection.The screening showed various oral conditions, including thrush (six cases), active dental disease (11), benign cystic lesions (two), erythema migrans (one), and an infected wisdom tooth (one).Most importantly, however, six cases of oral ulceration were detected.In four of these the cause seemed to be traumatic, while in one an ulcer of no obvious cause was healing.The remaining ulcer was in the right retromolar area in a man with a history of cancer of the larynx treated with local radio- therapy; further examination showed no overt sinister characteristics, and the patient is currrently under review.Clearly the priority at the time of any medical admission is the cause of that admission, but once the patient is in a stable condition in the ward full clerking by the house officer is undertaken.This should provide the opportunity for simple oral screening of easily visible tissues to detect any oral ulceration that may need review.Better training is needed to ensure that this opportunity is not missed.
Multislice Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging for the Assessment of Reperfused Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Timo Baks, Filippo Cademartiri, Amber D. Moelker, Annick C. Weustink, Robert-Jan van Geuns, Nico R. Mollet, Gabriel P. Krestin, Dirk J. Duncker, Pim J. de Feyter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Complete closure of a colonic bleeding diverticulum using endoclips
Authors: P. Beretta, C. Cucino
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Epinephrine injection, multipolar heat probe coagulation, and endoclipping at the neck or dome of the diverticulum are the treatments most frequently used for bleeding diverticula [1] [2]. We obtained hemostasis of a bleeding diverticulum by approximating the margins of the diverticulum.
Adenocarcinoma in Situ of Barrett's Esophagus Diagnosed by Endoscopic Cytology
Authors: Joseph A. Belladonna, Steven I. Hajdu, Manjit S. Bains, Sidney J. Winawer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

PRIMARY adenocarcinoma of the esophagus is uncommon. Turnbull and Goodner found an incidence of 2.4 per cent in 1859 patients at our institution.1 Approximately 20 cases of adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett's epithelium have been reported.2 , 3 The diagnosis in these cases was made by biopsy done at esophagoscopy. The patient discussed below, in whom an adenocarcinoma arising in Barrett's esophagus was diagnosed at the in situ stage, illustrates the value of cytologic examination of material obtained at endoscopic examination. Case Report A 51-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with a six-month history of dysphagia. An esophagram showed a midesophageal narrowing. . . .
Enhanced myogenic depolarization in hypertensive cerebral arterial muscle.
Authors: D R Harder, J Smeda, J Lombard
Journal: Circulation Research (1985)

We have previously demonstrated pressure-dependent membrane depolarization and action potential generation in cat cerebral arteries. It was the purpose of this study to examine and compare the membrane electrical responses to increasing transmural pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats with those of their normotensive Wistar-Kyoto controls. It was found that at transmural pressures from 40-160 mm Hg, spontaneously hypertensive rat cerebral arterial muscle depolarized more than normotensive counterparts. Pressure-induced action potentials could be recorded from arterial segments from both animal strains; however, the amplitude and upstroke velocity was significantly greater in spontaneously hypertensive rat cerebral arterial muscle. These data suggest that there are altered ionic permeabilities in spontaneously hypertensive rat cerebral arterial muscle which result in enhanced response to increasing transmural pressure. The implications of these findings are discussed.