tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient Safety and Medical Malpractice
Authors: Harry L. Gale
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters1 June 2004Patient Safety and Medical MalpracticeHarry L. Gale, DOHarry L. Gale, DOFrom Prescott Valley, AZ 86314.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-11-200406010-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Brennan and Mello (1) presented a malpractice case that is all too typical of those occurring today. They were concerned that the need to prove negligence has been blurred and that juries are determining awards on the basis of injury severity rather than the presence of negligence.A short section titled “A New Paradigm” mentioned a “no-fault” patient compensation program that would eliminate the prosecution of physicians and hospitals if a patient is injured while interfacing with the health care industry.An entire issue should have been devoted to this subject. Most physicians are practicing defensive medicine ...Reference1. Brennan TA, Mello MM. Patient safety and medical malpractice: a case study. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:267-73. [PMID: 12965982] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Harry L. Gale, DOAffiliations: From Prescott Valley, AZ 86314. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPatient Safety and Medical Malpractice: A Case Study Troyen A. Brennan and Michelle M. Mello Patient Safety and Medical Malpractice Munsey S. Wheby Metrics 1 June 2004Volume 140, Issue 11Page: 932KeywordsAdverse reactionsCrimeHealth care sectorPatient advocacySafety ePublished: 1 June 2004 Issue Published: 1 June 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis
Authors: H. D. Attwood, C. G. Price, R. J. Riddell
Journal: Thorax (1972)

The case is reported of a woman who died at the age of 36 years from obstructive respiratory failure due to diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis which had caused symptoms for six years. When first seen her symptoms of wheezing cough and mucopurulent sputum sometimes streaked with blood were of recent onset, but on bronchogram and bronchoscopy her disease was already widespread. Appearances at bronchography were interpreted as malformation and at bronchoscopy as tracheobronchitis, possibly tuberculous. Bronchoscopic biopsy was necessary to make the diagnosis of amyloidosis. The amyloid gave the usual staining reactions with an apple-green birefringence in polarized light following staining with Congo red. At necropsy an extensive histological survey proved that the amyloid was confined to the trachea and main stem bronchi. There was no associated disease, no family history, and no upset in plasma proteins.
Human Infection with Termites
Authors: Wilton B. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A SURVEY reveals that on various occasions insects have been reported in the intestinal tract of man. Fly larvae of various species have been noted in the stools of patients presumably infested with either the egg or larval stage. This is the first report of a case of the nymphal stage of termites in the stool of a patient in Miami, Fla. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient was a 26-year-old white female housewife, reputedly in good health. Three days prior to hospital admission, she experienced mild, cramping lower-abdominal pain. The following day the pain increased in severity and two loose brown stools were noted. On the day of admission, the cramping lower-abdominal pain became very severe, and the patient had three bloody mucous stools. The patient's history revealed that she had always been constipated for varying periods of time with a week or longer between bowel movements, and that
A novel Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor CC-292 in combination with the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib impacts the bone microenvironment in a multiple myeloma model with resultant antimyeloma activity
Authors: H Eda, L Santo, D D Cirstea, A J Yee, T A Scullen, N Nemani, Y Mishima, P R Waterman, S Arastu-Kapur, E Evans, J Singh, C J Kirk, W F Westlin, N S Raje
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
The changing picture of otitis media in childhood
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Pick any youngster in this country who is approaching his second birthday. Odds are three to one that he has had otitis media, possibly several times. Some clinicians are now suggesting that the condition and its complications warrant more attention. Three such clinicians are Jerome O. Klein, MD, Boston University School of Medicine; Charles D. Bluestone, MD, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; and John D. Nelson, MD, University of Texas (Dallas) Southwestern Medical School. At a recent New York City briefing for medical editors sponsored by Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, this trio agreed that: Not only is otitis media a widespread problem, but heretofore largely unrecognized complications raise questions about how this infection should be managed by physicians. While the infection can be bacterial or viral, Haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause—after Streptococcus pneumoniae—of otitis media with effusion, and there is growing recognition that strains of
Antibody to endotoxin in the treatment of gram-negative sepsis
Authors: J. Spalter
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —The suggestion that the E5 monoclonal antibody will be useful in reducing fatalities in gram-negative sepsis based on the article by Greenman et al 1 and the accompanying editorial 2 is less well supported by the data than is implied.  The only significant reduction in fatality rates occurred in a single subset (those with gram-negative infections without shock) out of the several subsets examined. Of the subsets examined, this subset is least likely to have serious gram-negative bacillary infections. If clinical effectiveness of antibodies to endotoxin is to be critically assessed, those patients with known endotoxemia (ie, proven gram-negative bacteremia) provide the most valid indicator of effectiveness. Those patients with gram-negative infections severe enough to produce shock provide the second most valid indicator. No effect was demonstrated in either of these subsets.  Past experience indicates that the enrollment criteria used in the study by Greenman et al
CS-12 * TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR- PATHWAY ACTIVITY IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: D. Gramatzki, K. Frei, I. Tritschler, J. J. Schroeder, L. Espinoza, E. J. Rushing, M. Weller
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of malignant gliomas. There are several anti-TGF-β strategies that are currently being explored in early clinical trials. Yet, it has remained a challenge to identify tumor or patient profiles that reliably predict potential benefit from anti-TGF-β therapies. Moreover, there is little contemporary in vivo data on the differential expression of TGF-β/Smad pathway activity in glioblastoma. Here we studied 64 newly diagnosed and 16 recurrent glioblastomas for the expression of TGF-β1-3, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B, and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 mRNA by RT-PCR and for levels of TGF-β1-3 protein, pSmad2 and pSmad1/5/8 by immunohistochemistry. Among TGF-β isoforms, TGF-β1 mRNA was the most abundant, whereas TGF-β3 mRNA showed the lowest levels. TGF-β1-3 mRNA expression among each other was strongly correlated, as was the expression of TGF-β1-3 mRNA and of the TGF-β1-3 target genes, PDGF-B and PAI. The TGF-β2 isoform was overexpressed at the protein level compared to the expression of the TGF-β1 or TGF-β3 isoforms. TGF-β2 and TGF-β3 protein levels correlated well, whereas the comparison of the other TGF-β isoforms did not. Immunohistochemical analysis of pSmad2 and pSmad1/5/8 showed heterogeneous expression among tumor samples and a positive correlation. Based on protein data, pSmad1/5/8 correlated with TGF-β1, but other correlations were not observed. Expression levels of mRNA or protein targets of the TGF-β/Smad pathway activity were not associated with survival, confirmed for mRNA expression in the TCGA. This study provides important new information on the biology of the TGF-β pathway, demonstrating that all TGF-β isoforms are expressed in glioblastoma and that the transcriptional targets of the TGF-β/Smad pathway are collectivly controlled, which was best assessed by RT-PCR at mRNA expression levels. Our data support the enrichment of glioblastoma patients with TGF-β-driven tumors for future clinical trials targeting TGF-β.
In Vivo Glomerular Filtration Rate Measurement Based Solely on Image Processing
Authors: MICHEL CERINO, JEAN LETTE, MARIE-CLAIRE EYBALIN, ANDR?? LEVASSEUR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

A simple and reliable technique was developed to measure split renal glomerular filtration (GFR) based solely on image processing of the standard 20-minute Tc-99m DTPA renogram. It requires neither syringe counting nor blood or urine sampling. Using three sequential blood samples in 36 patients, GFR values correlated well (r = 0.92) with in vitro GFR measurements.
Hepatic venous outflow block caused by short-length hepatic vein stenoses
Authors: D Valla, A Hadengue, M el Younsi, N Azar, G Zeitoun, M Boudet, G Molas, J Belghiti, S Erlinger, J Hay, J Benhamou
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

In contrast with the well-recognized membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava, short-length hepatic vein stenoses are not well-recognized causes of hepatic venous outflow block. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence, causes, manifestations, and outcome of short-length hepatic vein stenoses. We performed a retrospective study of patients with short-length hepatic vein stenosis among 86 patients with hepatic venous outflow block who were seen between 1970 and 1992. There were 25 patients with short-length hepatic vein stenosis. A thrombogenic condition was identified in 14 patients (56%). The lesions of the accompanying hepatic veins in these patients were variable (short-length stenoses, thromboses, or nonspecific changes) and similar to that seen in patients without short-length hepatic vein stenosis. In 3 necropsied cases, the venous lesions were suggestive of fibrous sequela of prior thromboses. In patients with short-length hepatic vein stenosis, splenomegaly (28% vs. 55%, P < .05) and hypersplenism were significantly less common; serum transaminase (P < .001) and creatinine levels (P < .02) were lower, prothrombin was higher (P < .001), and 5-year survival was significantly better (Kaplan-Meier estimates: 80% vs. 50%, P < .05). In patients with hepatic venous outflow block, short-length hepatic vein stenosis is a common lesion that appears to be the sequela of localized thrombosis. Long-term anticoagulation and percutaneous angioplasty (with or without stenting) are potentially applicable in these lesions. The long-term results of these treatments merit further evaluation.
Glucose Intolerance Is Common in Japanese Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Who Were Not Previously Diagnosed With Diabetes
Authors: Koichi Hashimoto, Katsunori Ikewaki, Hidenori Yagi, Hidetaka Nagasawa, Satoshi Imamoto, Takahiro Shibata, Seibu Mochizuki
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Postprandial hyperglycemia has emerged as a new glycometabolic condition associated with an excessive risk for coronary artery disease. We therefore attempted to evaluate the frequency of postchallenge hyperglycemia in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who were not previously diagnosed to have diabetes and did not have a fasting glucose concentration of > or =7 mmol/l or an HbA(1c) level >6.0%. We further correlated the presence of postchallenge hyperglycemia with the extent of coronary atherosclerosis.In all, 134 consecutive ACS patients who met the above inclusion criteria were studied. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed before discharge.The mean age, fasting glucose, and HbA(1c) were 60 years, 5.15 mmol/l, and 5.4%, respectively. Among ACS patients, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes were found in 50 (37%) and 13 patients (10%), respectively. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance did not differ substantially among the normal glucose tolerance (NGT), IGT, and diabetic groups. Insulinogenic index, however, was lower and the number of stenosed vessels higher in diabetic patients compared with NGT patients.Postchallenge hyperglycemia, caused primarily by impaired initial insulin secretion, is commonly found in Japanese ACS patients who have not been previously diagnosed with diabetes, and this phenomenon is considered to be associated with advanced coronary atherosclerosis. Therefore, the present study strongly supports the notion that oral glucose tolerance test assessment of postchallenge hyperglycemia is essential to identify any previously undiagnosed diabetes cases among Japanese ACS patients.
Evaluating Quality of Patient Care
Authors: John W. Williamson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

One of the most important questions to be asked of any health care system is the following:<i>Who</i>needs to learn<i>what</i>to most improve health status of the population receiving care? Previous studies have demonstrated (1) that there is an important relationship between patient care assessment and education that might provide a framework for answering this question<sup>1</sup>and (2) that systematic application of this approach requires a priority list of health problems to be studied.<sup>2</sup> The first study dealt with physician response to apparently unexpected abnormalities in three routine screening tests in which it was found that physicians made no apparent response of any kind to approximately two thirds of the test abnormalities. In solving this problem, it was learned that systematic investigation is needed to identify education objectives that specify the individual who needs to learn, as well as the goals to be achieved in the
Mutation analysis in Irish families with glomuvenous malformations
Authors: A.H. O'Hagan, F. Maloney, C. Buckley, E.A. Bingham, M.Y. Walsh, K.E. McKenna, D. McGibbon, A.E. Hughes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Glomuvenous malformations (GVMs) are rare bluish lesions that can affect the skin and mucosal surfaces. They represent defects in vasculogenesis. Lesions can occur sporadically or in an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance. Recent studies have shown that mutations in the glomulin gene (GLMN) on chromosome 1p21-22 are responsible for familial GVMs.To search for mutations in GLMN in Irish families with GVMs.We identified four Irish families with GVMs and confirmed linkage to chromosome 1p21-22 in these cases. We sequenced the glomulin gene in all affected and unaffected members of the families. Results Linkage analysis showed that affected individuals from the families shared a common haplotype. Mutation analysis revealed a delAAGAA mutation in exon 3 of the glomulin gene in all four families with GVMs.We confirm that mutations in the glomulin gene are responsible for GVMs and suggest a founder Irish mutation in the glomulin gene in four Irish families.
Sexual Practices in the Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus and Prevalence of Hepatitis Delta Virus Infection in Female Prostitutes in the United States
Authors: Lisa Rosenblum
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To evaluate heterosexual transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the prevalence of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) infection in female prostitutes. <h3>Design.</h3> —Survey. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Sexually transmitted disease clinics, drug treatment programs, detention centers, and/or outreach efforts in eight areas in the United States. <h3>Participants.</h3> —A total of 1368 female prostitutes 18 years of age or older. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —Seropositivity for HBV and HDV infection. <h3>Results.</h3> —The overall prevalence of past or present HBV infection was 56%: 74% in women who were injecting-drug users (IDUs), 38% in women reporting no history of injecting-drug use (non-IDUs), 51% in whites, 55% in blacks, and 67% in Hispanics. Of 21 HBV carrier IDUs, 21% had HDV infection; of 18 HBV carrier non-IDUs, 6% had HDV infection. In non-IDUs (49%), risk factors for HBV infection were a history of having penile-anal intercourse (odds ratio [OR], 3.1; 95% confidence limits [CL], 1.3, 7.3) and seropositivity for syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In IDUs, factors associated with an increased risk of infection, in addition to behaviors related to injecting-drug use, were the number of lifetime sexual partners, having sexual partners from groups at high risk for HBV infection, and seropositivity for syphilis and HIV infection; spermicide and/or diaphragm use was associated with a markedly decreased risk of HBV infection among blacks (OR, 0.1; 95% CL, 0.03,0.4) and Hispanics (OR, 0.2; 95% CL, 0.06, 0.9). <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —This is the first study to suggest that having anal intercourse and failing to use vaginal contraceptives may facilitate transmission of HBV to women. Our data support guidelines that recommend hepatitis B vaccination for prostitutes and persons with a history of sexually transmitted diseases or multiple sexual partners. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;267:2477-2481)
Treatment of pustular psoriasis with clofazimine
Authors: THAVATCHAI CHUAPRAPAISILP, THADA PIAMPHONGSANT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

Two cases of generalized pustular psoriasis (von Zumbusch) were successfully treated with clofazimine. No side effects were noted except deep red staining of the skin which faded afterwards.
Risk factors of incidental parathyroidectomy after thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disorders
Authors: Yeşim Erbil, Umut Barbaros, Neşe Ozbey, Ferihan Aral, Selçuk Özarmağan
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2008)

Incidental resection of parathyroid tissue is not uncommon during thyroidectomy and may occur even in the hands of experienced thyroid surgeons. We aimed to investigate the clinical relevance of incidental parathyroidectomy and to determine which risk factors are important for it. Four hundred and forty consecutive patients with non-toxic multinodular goitre treated by total and near-total thyroidectomy were included prospectively in the present study. Patients in group 1 (n = 48) had inadvertent resection of parathyroid gland, whereas patients in group 2 (n = 392) did not have parathyroid glands removed. There was a positive correlation between the incidental parathyroidectomy and total thyroidectomy (rs = 0.519, p = 0.0001), and thyroid pathology (rs = 0.338, p = 0.0001) and intrathyroid parathyroid locations. Incidental parathyroidectomy did not have an impact on postoperative hypocalcemia. The risk for incidental parathyroidectomy was increased 13-fold for patients who underwent total thyroidectomy (OR: 13.7; 95% CI:4.08–46.05), 4-fold for patients with substernal goitre (OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.1–14.3). Total thyroidectomy, thyroid pathology, and intrathyroid parathyroid locations are risk factors for incidental parathyroidectomy. All established risk factors for incidental parathyroidectomy are also risk factors for postoperative hypocalcemia. Incidental parathyroidectomy during thyroid surgery may be a potential complication.
Carcinoma of the Cervix
Authors: John W. Bell, Joe V. Meigs, Charles H. Swan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

FOR over thirty years carcinoma of the uterine cervix has been treated with radium and x-ray used separately or in combination. Although various other procedures have been utilized, such as fulguration of small tumors, local excision or cervicectomy, radium has remained the standard method of treatment, giving the most reliable and consistent results.In the past decade the use of radical surgery for the treatment of this carcinoma has seen a strong revival. Bonney1 and Read2 in England and Meigs,3 , 4 Carter and Brunschwig in this country have championed the radical Wertheim operation. In their hands the morbidity of this procedure . . .
Sterile Injection Equipment To Prevent HIV Infection
Authors: Josiah D. Rich, Scott Burris, Peter Lurie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters21 August 2001Sterile Injection Equipment To Prevent HIV InfectionJosiah D. Rich, MD, MPH, Scott Burris, JD, and Peter Lurie, MD, MPHJosiah D. Rich, MD, MPHBrown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02905 (Rich, Burris, Lurie)Search for more papers by this author, Scott Burris, JDBrown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02905 (Rich, Burris, Lurie)Search for more papers by this author, and Peter Lurie, MD, MPHBrown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02905 (Rich, Burris, Lurie)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-4-200108210-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Robertson's eloquent letter makes an important point not made in our article, namely that in many parts of the world, whether by physicians, pharmacists, or public health workers, provision of sterile syringes to injection drug users is viewed as good medical practice. His letter highlights the gulf between the policies of the United States and the rest of the industrialized world on this issue. Moreover, he also points out that in the United Kingdom, there have been no reports of needlestick disease transmission as a result of improperly discarded syringes outside of the workplace. We are also ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Josiah D. Rich, MD, MPH; Scott Burris, JD; Peter Lurie, MD, MPHAffiliations: Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI 02905 (Rich, Burris, Lurie) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysician Prescribing of Sterile Injection Equipment To Prevent HIV Infection: Time for Action Scott Burris , Peter Lurie , Daniel Abrahamson , and Josiah D. Rich Sterile Injection Equipment To Prevent HIV Infection Roy Robertson Metrics 21 August 2001Volume 135, Issue 4Page: 299KeywordsHepatitis BHIVHIV infectionsHIV preventionInjecting drug usersPharmacistsPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 21 August 2001 Issue Published: 21 August 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pharmacodynamics of mycophenolate mofetil after nonmyeloablative conditioning and unrelated donor hematopoietic cell transplantation
Authors: Luisa Giaccone, Jeannine S. McCune, Michael B. Maris, Theodore A. Gooley, Brenda M. Sandmaier, John T. Slattery, Scott Cole, Richard A. Nash, Rainer F. Storb, George E. Georges
Journal: Blood (2005)