tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3571: Evidence for Rho-Kinase Activation in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Zhulanqiqige Doe, Yoshihiro Fukumoto, Aya Takaki, Shunsuke Tawara, Junko Ohashi, Makoto Nakano, Tomohiro Tada, Kenya Saji, Kohichiro Sugimura, Hiroshi Fujita, Jun Nawata, Yasushi Hoshikawa, Takashi Kondo, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) still remains a fatal disease characterized by hyperconstriction and remodeling of pulmonary arteries (PA). We and others have previously demonstrated that long-term inhibition of Rho-kinase is useful for treatment of PH in animal models, however, it remains to be examined whether Rho-kinase is actually activated in patients with PH. First, we examined whether Rho-kinase activity is enhanced in circulating neutrophils from 40 healthy age- and gender-matched controls and 40 PH patients with various etiologies, including idiopathic PAH (n=18), and PH associated with connective tissue diseases (n=8), congenital heart diseases (n=7), or chronic thromboembolism (n=7). We measured total and phosphorylated forms of myosin binding subunit (MBS), a substrate of Rho-kinase, by Western blotting, and defined the p-MBS/t-MBS ratio as an index of systemic Rho-kinaes activity. Next, we examined Rho-kinase activity by immunostaining in lung tissues from 5 controls and 5 IPAH obtained during lung surgery and transplantation, respectively. Finally, we examined vascular responses of isolated small PA from those subjects in vitro. Systemic Rho-kinase activity was significantly increased in the PAH patients compared with the controls (P&lt;0.0001). Among the 4 subgroups of PH, Rho-kinase activity was significantly increased in all except for PH with thromboembolism (P&lt;0.05). Significant correlations were noted between Rho-kinase activity and mean PA pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance, and duration of the disorder in the PH patients (all P&lt;0.05). Rho-kinase expression in small PA and Rho-kinase activity in the lung tissue also were significantly increased in the PAH patients compared the controls (both P&lt;0.0001). Endothelium-dependent relaxations were markedly impaired and serotonin-induced contractions were markedly enhanced in the PAH patients compared with the controls, and the hypercontractions were abolished in the presence of hydroxyfasudil, a specific Rho-kinase inhibitor (all P&lt;0.01). These results provide the first direct evidence for Rho-kinase activation in patients with PH, confirming the therapeutic importance of Rho-kinase in the treatment of PH in humans.
Abstract 6102: Integration of Non-Contrast Cardiac Computed Tomography and Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in the Emergency Department: Identifying Which Patients with Chest Pain Can be Safely Discharged Home
Authors: Faisal Nabi, Su Min Chang, Lemuel A Moye, Robert G Hust, Craig M Pratt, John J Mahmarian
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Over 5 million emergency department (ED) visits occur annually for evaluation of chest pain. A rapid simple imaging algorithm is needed to identify patients with noncardiac chest pain so as to avoid unnecessary hospital admission. We conducted a prospective trial in 1031 low risk patients (60% women; mean age 54±13 years) admitted through the ED to our chest pain unit who had no prior cardiac history, a nondiagnostic ECG for ischemia, and a normal initial troponin. All patients had stress myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT) with a coronary artery calcium score (CACS) by noncontrast cardiac computed tomography (CT) within 24 hours. Mean patient follow-up was 7.4±3.3 months. SPECT and CT studies were interpreted independently and the CACS quantified as an Agatston score. The mean TIMI risk score was 1.5±0.7. Cardiac events occurred in 29 patients (2.8%): acute myocardial infarction (N=4) or an acute coronary syndrome (ACS, N=21) during admission; or ACS following hospital discharge (N=4). Abnormal SPECT and cardiac events significantly increased with CACS (p&lt;.001), with over a 40-fold increase in event rates for patients with a CACS&gt;400 vs 0(Table ). Only 5 (0.8%) patients with CACS=0 had an abnormal SPECT and none had significant coronary artery disease by angiography. The 2 patients who had a CACS=0 and a cardiac event during their hospitalization both had a normal gated SPECT and no subsequent event in follow-up. The sensitivity of an abnormal CT was significantly higher than an abnormal SPECT for identifying patients with events (93% vs 65%, p&lt;.01, respectively). A sizeable percentage (61%) of our low risk patient cohort had CACS=0 by CT which predicted both a normal SPECT and an excellent short-term outcome. Our data support that low risk patients with chest pain and a CACS=0 can be safely discharged home from the ED, with SPECT reserved for those with an abnormal CT result.
Thromboembolic Complications After Cardioversion of Acute Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: K. E. Juhani Airaksinen, Toni Grönberg, Ilpo Nuotio, Marko Nikkinen, Antti Ylitalo, Fausto Biancari, Juha E.K. Hartikainen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Ibrutinib In Combination With Rituximab (iR) Is Well Tolerated and Induces a High Rate Of Durable Remissions In Patients With High-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL): New, Updated Results Of a Phase II Trial In 40 Patients
Authors: Jan A. Burger, Michael J. Keating, William G. Wierda, Julia Hoellenriegel, Ghayathri Jeyakumar, Alessandra Ferrajoli, Stefan H. Faderl, Marylou Cardenas-Turanzas, Susan Lerner, Gracy Zacharian, Xuelin Huang, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Susan O'Brien
Journal: Blood (2013)
99mTc-MDM Brain SPECT for the Detection of Recurrent/Remnant Glioma—Comparison With ceMRI and 18F-FLT PET Imaging
Authors: Baljinder Singh, Narendra Kumar, Sarika Sharma, Ankit Watts, Puja P. Hazari, Nisha Rani, Sameer Vyas, Bhattacharya Anish, Anil K. Mishra
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

To evaluate the diagnostic use of an indigenously developed single vial ready to label (with Tc) kit preparation of bis-methionine-DTPA (Tc-MDM) for the detection of recurrent/residual glioma.We prospectively studied 32 patients (21 male and 11 female subjects aged 43.0±16.0 years) with clinical suspicion of postoperative recurrent/residual glioma. After radical radiotherapy (54.0-60.0 Gy) with or without concurrent temozolomide as indicated, Tc-MDM SPECT and ceMRI of the brain was performed in all the patients and F-FLT-PET imaging in 16 of 32 patients.MDM SPECT and ceMRI findings were concordant in 28 patients (15 positive and 13 negative). The findings were discordant in the remaining 5 patients, with positive ceMRI and negative MDM-SPECT in 2 patients and negative ceMRI and positive MDM-SPECT in 3 patients. Tc-MDM-SPECT, F-FLT PET, and ceMRI scan findings were positive in 9 of 16 and negative in 5 of 16 patients. In the remaining 2 of 16 patients, both F-FLT-PET and Tc-MDM-SPECT were positive, but ceMRI was negative. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and DA of Tc-MDM-SPECT for diagnosing recurrent/residual glioma were 88.24%, 81.25%, 83.3%, 86.7%, and 84.8%, respectively.The diagnostic accuracy of Tc-bis-methionine (MDM)-SPECT imaging was comparable with that of ceMRI and F-FLT-PET and may be useful in the management of glioma patients in the postsurgical follow-up period. This imaging technique may be of special interest in peripheral hospitals/developing countries lacking access to expensive PET/cyclotron technology. However, comparison with the existing "gold standard" PET tracers, especially with C-11-methionine-PET imaging and histopathological correlation, is warranted in a large cohort of glioma patients through multicentric studies.
Disruption of HNF1α binding site causes inherited severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Remco van Dijk, Isabel Mayayo-Peralta, Sem J. Aronson, Anja A. Kattentidt-Mouravieva, Vincent A. van der Mark, Rob de Knegt, Nevin Oruc, Ulrich Beuers, Piter J. Bosma
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Abstract 14003: The Role of Sex Hormones in Accelerated Vascular Disease Among Premenopausal Women With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Janet K Snell-Bergeon, Rachel Sippl, Talia Brown
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Women who have type 1 diabetes (T1D) suffer prematurely from coronary artery disease (CAD), resulting in increased mortality and approximately 15 years shorter lifespan than women without diabetes....
Abstract 16162: Statin Therapy is Associated with Decreased Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Gregory G Westin, Ehrin J Armstrong, Satinder Singh, Khung-Keong Yeo, David Anderson, Caroline E McCoach, Ezra A Amsterdam, John R Laird
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction Statin therapy is associated with improved cardiovascular outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Statins are also recommended for patients with peripheral arterial disease ...
Abstract 12839: Cardiac-Specific Deletion of RhoA Results in the Development of Cardiac Hypertrophy via Effects on the Erk/MAPK and PI3K/Akt pathways
Authors: Prajna Guha, Anthony Couvillon, Talita Marin, Kimberly Keith, Nina Mann, Sangita Choudhury, Peter Kang, Anthony Rosenzweig, Christopher Carpenter, Lewis Cantley, Maria Kontaridis
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Increased cardiac hypertrophy in response to pathological stimuli can, over time, become decompensatory, leading to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and heart failure. Though several hypertrophic signa...
Abstract 8493: Lack of Association between Discharge Prescription of Aldosterone Antagonists and Outcomes in Medicare Beneficiaries with Heart Failure and Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Propensity-Matched Study of the OPTIMIZE-HF
Authors: Ali Ahmed, Yan Zhang, Marjan Mujib, Tarun Arora, Meredith Kilgore, Inmaculada Aban, Thomas Love, Raynald Levesque, Dalane Kitzman, Mihai Gheorghiade, Richard Allman, Gregg Fonarow
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Aldosterone antagonists reduce mortality in systolic heart failure (HF). However, their effect in HF patients with preserved ejection fraction (HF-PEF) remains unclear. Propensity-matched studies can assemble balanced cohorts while remaining blinded to outcomes, and are suitable when RCTs are difficult or unethical. We examined the association of aldosterone antagonist with outcomes in a propensity-matched cohort of older HF-PEF patients. Methods: Of the 26,376 OPTIMIZE-HF (Organized Program to Initiate Lifesaving Treatment in Hospitalized Patients with Heart Failure) patients linked to Medicare outcomes data (through Dec 2008), 10429 patients age ≥65 years with HF-PEF (LVEF ≥40%) were discharged alive. Of these, 866 (8.3%) received a discharge prescription for aldosterone antagonists. Propensity scores for aldosterone antagonist use, estimated for each of the 10429 patients, were used to assemble a cohort of 864 pairs of patients receiving and not receiving these drugs who were balanced on 116 baseline characteristics. Results: Patients (n=1728) had a mean (±SD) age of 80 (±8) years, a mean (±SD) LVEF of 54% (±9%), 63% were women, and 8% African American. During ∼6 years of follow-up, all-cause mortality occurred in 71% and 70% of matched patients receiving and not receiving aldosterone antagonists (hazard ratio, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.90-1.24; p=0.929; Figure). A similar propensity-adjusted association was observed in the 10429 pre-match patients (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.91-1.08; p=0.800). Aldosterone antagonist use also had no significant association with HF or all-cause hospitalization. Conclusions: Discharge prescription of aldosterone antagonists had no association with mortality or hospitalization in a propensity-matched balanced cohort of older HF-PEF patients. Whether these results differ from younger RCT-eligible patients will await results of the ongoing TOPCAT trial.
Consensus statement from the 2014 International Microdialysis Forum
Authors: Peter J. Hutchinson, Ibrahim Jalloh, Adel Helmy, Keri L. H. Carpenter, Elham Rostami, Bo-Michael Bellander, Martyn G. Boutelle, Jeff W. Chen, Jan Claassen, Claire Dahyot-Fizelier, Per Enblad, Clare N. Gallagher, Raimund Helbok, Lars Hillered, Peter D. Le Roux, Sandra Magnoni, Halinder S. Mangat, David K. Menon, Carl-Henrik Nordström, Kristine H. O’Phelan, Mauro Oddo, Jon Perez Barcena, Claudia Robertson, Elisabeth Ronne-Engström, Juan Sahuquillo, Martin Smith, Nino Stocchetti, Antonio Belli, T. Adrian Carpenter, Jonathan P. Coles, Marek Czosnyka, Nil Dizdar, J. Clay Goodman, Arun K. Gupta, Troels H. Nielsen, Niklas Marklund, Ambroise Montcriol, Mark T. O’Connell, Maria A. Poca, Asita Sarrafzadeh, Richard J. Shannon, Jane Skjøth-Rasmussen, Peter Smielewski, John F. Stover, Ivan Timofeev, Paul Vespa, Elizabeth Zavala, Urban Ungerstedt
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2015)

Microdialysis enables the chemistry of the extracellular interstitial space to be monitored. Use of this technique in patients with acute brain injury has increased our understanding of the pathophysiology of several acute neurological disorders. In 2004, a consensus document on the clinical application of cerebral microdialysis was published. Since then, there have been significant advances in the clinical use of microdialysis in neurocritical care. The objective of this review is to report on the International Microdialysis Forum held in Cambridge, UK, in April 2014 and to produce a revised and updated consensus statement about its clinical use including technique, data interpretation, relationship with outcome, role in guiding therapy in neurocritical care and research applications.
Abstract 4283: Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Concomitant Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery in Northern New England
Authors: Bruce J Leavitt, Yvon R Baribeau, Anthony W DiScipio, Reed D Quinn, Richard P Cochran, Donato Sisto, Richard A Boss, Robert A Clough, Elaine M Olmstead, Cathy S Ross, Gerald T O’Connor
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background : During the past 20 years (yrs), there has been a steady increase in concomitant aortic(AV) and mitral valve(MV) surgery in northern New England (NNE). We examined the in-hospital and long-term mortality for these patients by procedure, patient age and sex. Methods : This is a prospective, regional, cohort study of 1057 patients undergoing concomitant AV and MV surgery in NNE from 1989 through 2007. Long-term survival was obtained by linking our registry data to the Social Security Administration Death Master File. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were performed. Results : Patient characteristics: age &lt;70 yrs (45.1%), 70–79 yrs (41.0%), and ≥ 80 yrs (13.9%); female sex (44.1%); associated CABG (46.9%); diabetes (19.5%); CHF (60.7%); PVD (17.7%); non dialysis renal failure (RF) (5.3%); dialysis dependant RF (2.4%). In-hospital mortality was 15.4% (11.0% for patients &lt;70 yrs, 18.0% for 70–79 year olds, and 24% for those ≥80). The median period of follow-up was 3.5 yrs. Overall median survival was 7.3 yrs. Median survival for surgery without CABG was 9.5 yrs and 5.7 yrs with CABG (p&lt;0.001). Survival among women was worse compared to men (7.3 v 9.3, yrs, p=0.033). Median survival by age group was 11.0 yrs for patients &lt;70, 5.4 yrs for 70-79 year olds, and 4.8 for ≥ 80. Median survival was not significantly different for patients ≥ 80 compared to those 70–79 yrs old (p=0.245). Conclusions : Double valve open heart surgery has a high in-hospital mortality rate. Long-term survival was decreased by having a concomitant CABG, being female and being 70 yrs or older. Although short-term mortality was higher, median survival for patients ≥ 80 yrs was equivalent to that for patients 70–79 yrs.
Current Cigarette Smoking Among Workers in Accommodation and Food Services — United States, 2011–2013
Authors: Girija Syamlal, Ahmed Jamal, Jacek M. Mazurek
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the United States. One of the Healthy People 2020 objectives calls for reducing the proportion of U.S. adults who smoke cigarettes to ≤12% (objective TU-1.1). Despite progress in reducing smoking prevalence over the past several decades, nearly one in five U.S. adults, including millions of workers, still smoke cigarettes. During 2004-2010, nearly one fifth (19.6%) of U.S. working adults aged ≥18 years smoked cigarettes, and of all the industry sectors, current smoking prevalence among the accommodation and food services sector workers (30%) was the highest. CDC analyzed National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) data for 2011-2013 to estimate current cigarette smoking prevalence among adults working in the accommodation and food services sector, and found that these workers had higher cigarette smoking prevalence (25.9%) than all other workers (17.3%). Among workers in accommodation and food services sector, the highest smoking prevalences were observed among males, non-Hispanic whites, those aged 25-44 years, those with a high school diploma or a General Educational Development (GED) certificate and no college education, those with an annual family income <$35,000, those with no health insurance, and those working in the food services and drinking places industry. These results indicate a need to better understand the reasons for higher smoking prevalence observed among accommodation and food services workers (e.g., workplace culture), so that appropriate intervention strategies can be developed and implemented. Evidence suggests that smoke-free worksites and workplace cessation programs, including comprehensive worksite smoke-free policies, health promotion, access to smoking cessation programs, and increasing the cost of tobacco products, can substantially reduce smoking among workers.
Abstract 10239: Comparisons of Prognostic Factors Between Chronic Heart Failure Patients with and Without Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Takamasa Sato, Tomofimi Misaka, Yuichi Nakamura, Takashi Owada, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Hitoshi Suzuki, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Backgrounds: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of mortality and heart failure progression. On the other hand, heart failure is accompanied by an increased risk of AF. Ho...
Abstract 2462: Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment Improves the Blood Pressure Behavior in Normotensive Patients: A Randomized Study
Authors: Luciano F Drager, Patrícia M Diniz, Luzia Diegues-Silva, Roberta B Couto, Rodrigo P Pedrosa, Bianca Marcondes, Dante M Giorgi, Eduardo M Krieger, Geraldo Lorenzi-Filho
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) promotes significant alterations on blood pressure during sleep. In patients with concomitant hypertension, the treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) promotes significant reductions on blood pressure. However, the impact of CPAP on 24 hour blood pressure in normotensive patients is poorly understood. Methods: We included 22 apparently healthy patients with severe OSA defined by polysomnography (apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) &gt;30 events/hour). We excluded hypertension according current guidelines by office measurements. They were randomized to no treatment (control) or CPAP for 3 months. At baseline and at the end of the protocol, we performed 24 hour blood pressure (BP) monitoring evaluating daytime and nighttime BP as well as the morning surge (average of systolic BP during the 2 hours after awakening minus the average of systolic BP during the 1 hour that included the lowest nighttime BP) and highest systolic nighttime BP (mean of 3 BP measurements, centered on the highest nighttime reading). Results: After 3 months, patients randomized to CPAP (mean CPAP usage: 6 hours) presented a significant reduction on daytime (80.3±6.3 to 75.3±6.9 mmHg; P=0.02) and nighttime diastolic BP (67.8±9.5 to 61.4±7.5 mmHg; P=0.03). In addition, we observed a significant reduction on highest nighttime systolic BP (120.0±13.6 to 112.0±.9 mmHg; P=0.02) with a trend for a reduction on morning surge (22.3±9.2 to 17.3±.4 mmHg; P=0.08). No significant alterations occurred in the control group. Conclusion: Even in the absence of established hypertension, CPAP therapy improved the behavior of 24 hour BP in patients with severe OSA.
Abstract 3111: Hypoadiponectinemia is Associated with Aortic Valve Inflammation and Faster Disease Progression in Patients with Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Dania Mohty, Amelie Cartier, Philippe Pibarot, Claude Cote, Allain Charest, Jean-Pierre Despres, Patrick Mathieu
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background:  Adiponectin is a novel adipocyte-specific protein with an insulin enhancing activity as well as with anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties, which has been shown to have a protective effect on the development of atherosclerosis. We recently reported that the metabolic syndrome is associated with faster disease progression and worse outcome in patients with aortic stenosis (AS). Adiponectin plasma levels are reduced in presence of abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. The objective of this study was thus to examine the relationship between adiponectinemia and:  hemodynamic progression of AS and  degree of inflammation in the valve explanted at the time of aortic valve replacement.   Methods:  Plasma level of adiponectin was measured by ELISA technique in 37 patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. Their aortic valve (AV) was explanted and studied for immunohistochemical analysis of leukocytes (CD45+), T lymphocytes (CD3+) and blood vessels density (vWF). Furthermore, these patients had ≥ 2 echocardiographic studies separated by at least 6 months, thereby allowing for the assessment of the rate of progression of the stenosis during the preoperative period.   Results:  Patients with lower plasma level of adiponectin (   Conclusion:  These findings support the notion that hypoadiponectinemia associated with obesity and MS may play a role in the inflammatory process and the progression of calcific AS. Further studies are needed to determine if adiponectin should be considered as a new therapeutic target for the medical management of patients with AS.