tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dose-dependent pro- or anti-proliferative effects of calcineurin inhibitors in bronchiolitis obliterans following allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Katrin Hostettler, Jörg Halter, Didier Lardinois, Michael Roth, Michael Tamm
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is a common complication after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT), characterized by fibroproliferation, fibrotic occlusion of small airways, and poor prognosis. As BO is strongly associated with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), it is believed to be a pulmonary manifestation of chronic GVHD. The management of BO comprises the augmentation of immunosuppressive therapy, but treatment response is generally poor. Here, we investigated the effect of methylprednisolone (mPRED), cyclosporine A (CsA), and tacrolimus (FK506) on the proliferative capacity of fibroblasts isolated from surgical lung biopsies of SCT patients with histologically proven BO.

Methods: Primary cultures of human lung fibroblasts were grown from surgical lung biopsies obtained from 8 patients with BO after SCT. Fibroblasts were stimulated with increasing concentrations of each drug, and cell proliferation was assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation.

Results: In fibroblasts derived from patients with BO after SCT low concentrations of CsA (0.01 mg/l, 0.1 mg/l) and FK506 (0.001 mg/l, 0.01 mg/l) significantly induced proliferation compared to untreated cells. Only high dose CsA (50 mg/l) and FK506 (5 mg/l) exerted an anti-proliferative effect in primary human lung fibroblasts derived from BO patients. mPRED caused an inhibition of proliferation in clinically relevant concentrations (10 mg/l, 50 mg/l).

Conclusion: Our data suggest that calcineurin inhibitors such as CsA and FK506 have no beneficial effect during the fibroproliferative phase of BO following allogeneic SCT.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III study of recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as adjunct to induction treatment of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas [see comments]
Authors: HH Gerhartz, M Engelhard, P Meusers, G Brittinger, W Wilmanns, G Schlimok, P Mueller, D Huhn, R Musch, W Siegert
Journal: Blood (1993)
Al Jubail — An Aeromedical Staging Facility during the Gulf Conflict: Discussion Paper
Authors: T E Martin
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1992)

During the latter half of 1990 the Royal Air Force established a medical evacuation chain in support of the British First Armoured Division during Operation Granby (known as Operation Desert Storm in the USA). Medical contingency plans, formulated prior to embarkation from the UK, foresaw the need for five aeromedical staging facilities sub-deployed throughout the east of the Arabian Peninsula. The early days of the deployment found personnel busy with the construction of tented and hardened facilities and with the establishment of local operating procedures. Many problems were initially encountered, especially with supply, communications and in co-ordinating with collaborating coalition and host nation units. Nevertheless, progress was rapid and non-combatant operations were started within days of arrival. As the ground offensive became more imminent, training took on a sense of urgency. Advanced first aid techniques were taught to all non-medical staff, whereas doctors, nurses and paramedical personnel were taught ACLS and ATLS skills. All studied field hygiene, the hazards of nuclear, chemical and biological warfare, casualty handling, battle psychology and the intricacies of loading and unloading various types of aircraft. By the start of the ground phase of the war the British evacuation chain was fully operational and capable of treating and transferring hundreds of casualties per day. In the event, only about 850 patients were transported down the evacuation chain during the conflict, and less than 10% of these were battle casualties. This paper presents an overview of the British aeromedical evacuation system and discusses, in more detail, the establishment and operation of the busiest aeromedical staging facility at Al Jubail in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Abstract MP81: Habitual Physical Activity And Arterial Stiffness In Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk In Community (ARIC) Study
Authors: Hirofumi Tanaka, Natalia Gouskova, Aaron R Folsom, Kelly Evenson, Gwen Windham, David Aguilar, Kunihiro Matsushita, Gerardo Heiss
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Arterial stiffness increases with advancing age and is associated positively with coronary artery disease, stroke, dementia, and death. Regular physical activity appears to attenuate or even reverse age-related arterial stiffening. Yet, it is not clear if the reduced stiffening associated with habitual physical activity is also observed in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: We analyzed pulse wave velocity (PWV) data from 4,294 participants (mean age: 75 years, 42% male, 19% African-American) in the 5th clinic examination of the ARIC cohort conducted in 2011-13. Out of 6538 participants who completed the examination, we included all who had proper consent, PWV data, BMI&lt;40 kg/m2, and non-missing outcomes and covariates. Sports and leisure physical activity indices were calculated using the Baecke physical activity questionnaire modified for the ARIC Study. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) was calculated by summing scores on repeated chair stands, balance, and 4m walk tests. Arterial stiffness was measured using the average of two measurements of carotid-femoral then brachial-ankle pulse wave velocities (cfPWV and baPWV). Bivariate and multivariate regression analyses examined the relationships between arterial stiffness and physical activity. Results: Both sports and leisure physical activity scores were significantly and inversely associated with cfPWV (Pearson r = -0.126 and -0.091; both P&lt;0.0001). The associations remained highly significant after adjustments for age, gender, race, BMI, diabetes, hypertension, and smoking status (Pearson partial r = -0.099 and -0.058; both P&lt;0.0001). Similarly, the SPPB was inversely related to cfPWV (Pearson r = -0.155; P&lt;0.0001). After adjusting for covariates, the relation remained highly significant (Pearson partial r = -0.082; P&lt;0.0001). In contrast, the associations between baPWV and physical activity indices were only borderline significant (Pearson r = -0.03 for both; P=0.048 and 0.051). Association of baPWV with SPPB score was significant in univariate analysis (Pearson r = 0.04;, P =0.0082), but was attenuated after adjustment for covariates (Pearson partial r=-0.005, P=0.7348). Conclusions: Greater participation in sports and leisure physical activity and greater physical performance are associated with lower central arterial stiffness in a large population-based sample of community-dwelling older adults.
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs for Treatment of Acute Gout
Authors: Caroline M. P. G. van Durme, Mihir D. Wechalekar, Robert B. M. Landewé
Journal: JAMA (2015)

<h3>Clinical Question</h3> Are nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) associated with better outcomes than cyclooxygenase inhibitors, glucocorticoids, IL-1 inhibitors or placebo in the treatment of acute gout? <h3>Bottom Line</h3> NSAIDs are not significantly associated with a difference in pain reduction compared with cyclooxygenase inhibitors and glucocorticoids for treating acute gout. However, NSAIDs are associated with higher rates of adverse events and higher rates of withdrawal due to adverse events compared with cyclooxygenase inhibitors.
ARTHRITIS—A NEGLECTED DISEASE
Authors: R. Garfield Snyder
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1940)

Article1 February 1940ARTHRITIS—A NEGLECTED DISEASER. GARFIELD SNYDER, M.D., F.A.C.P.R. GARFIELD SNYDER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-13-8-1317 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough it is increasingly evident that people are becoming more conscious of rheumatic diseases, and particularly arthritis, there still exists a woeful apathy and lack of accurate knowledge regarding these diseases, not only from the medical point of view but from the sociologic aspect as well.It will probably be a distinct surprise to most readers to learn that an exhaustive national health survey1made in 1935-1936 by the United States Public Health Service, disclosed that among chronic diseases in the United States, "Rheumatism" ranks first in prevalence, second in producing disability and second in producing invalidity. While only fourteenth...References1. HENCH PS: The problem of "rheumatism" and arthritis: review of American and English literature for 1937, ANN. INT. MED., 1939, xii, 1295-1374. Google Scholar2. NISSEN HA: The significance of the life course (or level of functional activity) of the chronic arthritic, Jr. Maine Med. Assoc., 1935, xxvi, 181-189. Google Scholar3. BIGELOWLOMBARD GHHL: Survey of chronic diseases in the State of Massachusetts, 1931. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication June 10, 1939. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1940Volume 13, Issue 8Page: 1317-1326KeywordsDisabilitiesHealth surveysMedical servicesRheumatic fever ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1940 PDF downloadLoading ...
735. EIAV-IGF-I Gene Transfer to Motor Neurons Enhances Axonal Length In Vitro
Authors: Abigail Lamikanra, Kevin A. Myers, Kyri A. Mitrophanous, Susan M. Kingsman, Miles W. Carroll
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Lentiviral vectors hold great promise for the treatment of a wide range of diseases and we have previously reported the development of a non-primate lentiviral vector system based on the equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV, LentiVector®) which is able to efficiently transduce dividing and non-dividing cells both in vitro and in vivo (Azzouz et al., J Neurosci. 2002 22:10302–12). An application currently being developed uses the Lentivector for systemic delivery of an antibody fusion protein designed for the treatment of cancer. The therapeutic potential of a single chain antibody against the tumour associated antigen, 5T4, fused to immune enhancer moieties has been demonstrated, in vitro (Myers et al Cancer Gene Ther. 2002 9: 884–896) and here we evaluate the genetic delivery of a 5T4 scFv fused to B7.1 (scFvB7) in the Lentivector.
Abstract 15514: The Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Experience in Medicare Patients at Trial and Non-Trial Hospitals
Authors: Fenton McCarthy, Peter Groeneveld, Christopher Wirtalla, Dale Kobrin, Nimesh D Desai
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after a large clinical trial and a collaborative technology development process involving professional medical societies, the medical device industry, and the FDA. This study compares risk-adjusted mortality between hospitals with and without clinical trial experience. Methods: All Medicare fee-for-service patients undergoing TAVR (n=5003) between January 1, 2011 and November 30, 2012. Kaplan-Meier and risk-adjusted 30-day and 180-day survival were compared between patients undergoing TAVR at 68 clinical trial hospitals (n=3617) versus patients at 140 non-clinical trial hospitals (n=1392). Results: The preoperative characteristics of patients at trial versus non-trial hospitals were similar in age and other comorbidities, with only modest differences observed in the prevalence of chronic heart failure (93% trial hospitals, 89% non-trial hospitals, p&lt;0.01) and peripheral vascular disease (80% trial hospitals, 84% non-trial hospitals, p&lt;0.01). There was no significant difference in risk adjusted 30-day mortality (Odds Ratio [OR] 0.88, 95% CI 0.66 - 1.15, p=0.34) or 180 day mortality (OR 0.99 95% CI 0.75 - 1.3, p=0.94). There was also no difference in mortality in the first ten cases performed at non-trial institutions versus subsequent cases (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.51 - 2.21, p=0.83). Conclusions: There were no significant differences in the mortality between clinical trial versus non-clinical trial hospitals. This is an unusual finding compared to other new cardiovascular devices and procedures for which higher mortality has been observed at hospitals that did not participate in the clinical trials that preceded FDA approval. The unique policy and regulatory environment governing TAVR development therefore could serve as a model for future cardiovascular technology development and dissemination.
Abstract 3434: Genomic exome DNA sequencing identifies top driver genetic alterations in head and neck cancer cell lines of different HPV status
Authors: Hui Cheng, Xinping Yang, Han Si, Anthony Saleh, Jamie Coupar, Robert L. Ferris, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Mark E. Prince, Thomas E. Carey, Carter Van Waes, Zhong Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the top cancer types with high frequencies of genetic alterations, including mutation and copy number variation (CNV). The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has characterized 279 HNSCC tumors to provide a landscape of comprehensive genomic alterations. To identify cell line models which mimic HNSCC subtypes of genetic alterations, we have conducted genome-wide exome DNA sequencing (exome DNA-seq) and whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) on 16 HPV negative and 8 HPV positive HNSCC lines, in comparison with three normal human oral mucosa lines and 8 matched blood samples. Exome DNA-seq and RNA-seq were performed using an ABI SOLiD sequencer, and the data were analyzed with LifeScope2.5 and an in-house developed computation program. An average of 87X coverage in each cell line was achieved by exome DNA-seq. Deleterious mutations that negatively affect protein function were identified in each cell line using ANNOVAR software, in combination with multiple functional prediction tools, such as SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT), MutationTaster and MutationAssessor. The top deleterious mutations include TP53 in 42% of cell lines (56% in HPV- and 13% in HPV+ cell lines), and FAT1 and NOTCH1 mutations in 83% and 42% cell lines, respectively. These mutations are cross-validated through RNA-seq, which has an average of 168 million mapped reads with an estimated mean of 44X coverage per sample. In addition, we identified 261 putative CNV calls using the CoNIFER (copy number inference from exome reads) analysis. Among these putative CNV calls, 12 of them occur inside of the over 30 significant somatic copy number alteration (SCNA) sites identified in TCGA, including amplification of FADD, BIRC2/3, YAP1 and TP63. Our sequencing results identified the HNSCC cell lines with specific genetic alterations, which resemble many defects found from tumor specimens in TCGA project. These cell lines provided experimental models, which are amenable for future investigation of molecular mechanisms and targeted therapy, and could benefit preclinical drug evaluation and provide rationales for future clinical trials with genetic testing. Supported by NIDCD intramural projects ZIA-DC-000016, 73 and 74. Citation Format: Hui Cheng, Xinping Yang, Han Si, Anthony Saleh, Jamie Coupar, Robert L. Ferris, Wendell G. Yarbrough, Mark E. Prince, Thomas E. Carey, Carter Van Waes, Zhong Chen. Genomic exome DNA sequencing identifies top driver genetic alterations in head and neck cancer cell lines of different HPV status. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3434. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3434
A repeat expansion in the gene encoding junctophilin-3 is associated with Huntington disease–like 2
Authors: Susan E. Holmes, Elizabeth O'Hearn, Adam Rosenblatt, Colleen Callahan, Hyon S. Hwang, Roxann G. Ingersoll-Ashworth, Adam Fleisher, Giovanni Stevanin, Alexis Brice, Nicholas T. Potter, Christopher A. Ross, Russell L. Margolis
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Tracking Foodborne Infections
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evidence based case report: Sore throat: diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas
Authors: A. Graham, T. Fahey
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Sore throat is a common condition in general practice. The following cases presented us with diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas

### Case 1

Ms H, a 21 year old woman, consulted with a one day history of sore throat. She did not complain of cough or of any other associated respiratory symptom. On examination she was feverish (38°C), with exudate on her tonsils and tender cervical lymph nodes. A textbook of diagnostic strategies suggests that this collection of symptoms and signs increases the likelihood of her having group A β haemolytic streptococcus infection to over 40%.1 She was treated with a seven day course of penicillin, and a throat swab was taken to confirm infection with group A β haemolytic streptococcus. Four days later the swab result confirmed the presence of group A β haemolytic streptococcus which was sensitive to penicillin. Nine days after the initial consultation Ms H returned complaining of continuing symptoms of sore throat and requesting further antibiotics. She still had inflamed tonsils but with no exudate; her cervical lymphadenopathy had persisted. In view of her positive throat swab she was given a further course of penicillin. Serology for infectious mononucleosis was negative. A subsequent consultation confirmed that her sore throat had settled two days after the second consultation.

### Case 2

Ms D, a 17 year old woman, consulted with a two day history of sore throat and blocked nose Examination revealed an inflamed pharynx with some exudate, but the patient was otherwise well. She had been treated with two consecutive courses of antibiotics for …
Clodronate inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production in an anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line and attenuates cancer cachexia in vivo
Authors: Cheng-Hsu Wang, Yung-Chi Shen, Jia-Juan Hsieh, Kun-Yun Yeh, John W. C. Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

5992 

Cachexia is a paraneoplastic syndrome observed in about half of all cancer patients and is frequently associated with decreased survival. Cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6, LIF, and IFN-γ, have been proposed as causative factors of cancer cachexia. Previously we reported the establishment of a new anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line, Thena, and its mouse xenograft, Thena-Nu, producing high constitutive levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and LIF in the culture supernatants and inducing cachexia in athymic nude mice. Subsequently studies demonstrated that the addition of clodronate to Thena-Nu cultures significantly reduced cell proliferation as well as cytokine production in a dose- and time-dependent manner. High basal DNA-binding activity of NF-κB shown in Thena-Nu cells was down-regulated by clodronate, suggesting that clodronate may act to suppress NF-κB activity leading to inhibition of autocrine or paracrine growth factor(s) and subsequently, inhibition of tumor growth. Administration of clodronate induced tumor cytostasis, attenuation of cachexia, and prolongation of survival in Thena-Nu-bearing nude mice. Discontinuation of clodronate treatment resulted in tumor progression and weight loss gradually. These results demonstrated that clodronate may exert therapeutic efficacy on amelioration of cancer cachexia in the hosts.
Abstract 16195: Inverse Relationship Between Inflammation and Cardiorespiratory Fitness: The Henry Ford Hospital ExercIse Testing Project (FIT Project)
Authors: Waqas Qureshi, Michael J Blaha, Clinton Brawner, Steven Keteyian, Mouaz Al-Mallah
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: High sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a measure of the degree of inflammation and has been associated with risk of coronary artery disease. Hypothesis: Hs-CRP is independently inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). Methods: This is a cross sectional study of patients without heart failure or known coronary artery disease underwent graded exercise stress test in Henry Ford Health System (Detroit) according to Bruce protocol and CRF was estimated as peak metabolic equivalents (METs). Hs-CRP was dichotomized by 75th percentile and the relationship between CRF and hs-CRP was assessed by unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression model for age, sex, race, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, smoking, total cholesterol, HDL, aspirin use, statin use and obesity. Results: A total of 4381 patients (mean age 54±11 years, 58% male, 79% whites) were analyzed. The 75th percentile of hs-CRP was 4.2 mg/L. Mean hs-CRP was higher in women, blacks, hypertensives, diabetics, smokers, and obese patients. In unadjusted analysis, CRF was inversely associated with highest quartile of hs-CRP (OR per 1 MET increase in CRF 0.82; 95% CI 0.81 - 0.84, p &lt;0.0001). In multiple logistic regression model, CRF remained inversely associated with hs-CRP (OR per 1 MET increase in CRF 0.83; 95% CI 0.80 - 0.86, p 12 METS) compared to individuals with poor exercise capacity (&lt;6 METS) had a 47% lower risk of having highest quartile of hs-CRP (OR 0.53; 95% CI 0.46 - 0.62, p &lt;0.0001). Mean hs-CRP level decreased with increasing category of CRF (figure). There was a negative linear relationship between log transformed hs-CRP and peak METs achieved (r = -0.32, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusions: In conclusion, exercise capacity, as measured by estimated Mets, was associated with reduced inflammation as measured by hs-CRP. The underlying pathophysiology between hs-CRP and CRF warrants further investigation.