tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 955: CT45A6, cancer/testis antigen 45 family member, confer drug resistance to lung cancer cell lines.
Authors: Shin-Tae Kim, Seong-Jin Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer related death in the world. Although recent advances in development of new chemotherapeutics offer a great promise to clinical outcome, drug resistance is still major concern of clinician. Cisplatin is platinum based drug that variously, combined with many other chemotherapeutics, have been widely used in the treatment of cancer. However, tumors usually become resistant to cisplatin during treatment. We performed RNA sequencing with 7 lung cancer cell lines and selected candidate genes to identify novel drug-resistance genes. RNA sequence analysis showed that one of these genes contained CT45A6. CT45A6 is a member of CT45 family. CT45 is a cancer/testis antigen family 45 that is located in Xq26.3 and expressed normally in testis and various cancers including lung cancer. However, little is known about its biological function, especially about drug resistance. Here, we show that CT45A6 confers cisplatin resistance into lung cancer cell lines. CT45A6 gene is significantly over-expressed in A549PR (cisplatin-resistant A549 lung cancer cell line) compared with wild type A549 lung cancer cell line. Interestingly, overexpression of CT45A6 in CT45A6-low NCI-H2009 and NCI-H358 lung cancer cell lines showed increased resistance to cisplatin and G2 phase population. Inversely, knockdown of CT45A6 in A549PR cells significantly decreased cisplatin-resistance. Thus, our findings indicate that CT45A6 may be a potential target to overcome drug resistance. Citation Format: Shin-Tae Kim, Seong-Jin Kim. CT45A6, cancer/testis antigen 45 family member, confer drug resistance to lung cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 955. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-955
Fatal Complications of Central Venous Catheters
Authors: C. Metreweli
Journal: BMJ (1971)

and in chronic renal failure a satisfactory diuresis may be obtained.That no deafness was evident with the smaller dose suggests that the effect is dose dependent, not a sensitivity phenomenon.In view of its inconstancy from person to person, however, there clearly are other variables, such as patient idiosyncrasy or possibly degree of renal failure to consider.The phenomenon appears to be of a benign prognosis.-I am, etc.,
The Rh Factor and Blood Transfusion
Authors: W. C. Moloney
Journal: BMJ (1945)

JAUNDICE IN THE NEWLY BORN BRITISCH blastosis foetalis; those cases of congenital obstruction with anomalous development of the biliary tract or with other malformation such as transposition of the viscera are almost surely developmental.However, the fact that some of them appear to be associated with icterus gravis is of practical importance.It cannot be too strongly stressed that any family showing a history of congenital obliteration should be examined for evidence of rhesus-incompatibility.Only in this way can preparations be made to anticipate haemolytic disease occurring in any subsequent child.Since obstructive jaundice from plugging of the bile ducts with inspissated bile does occur in some instances, we have recently started the practice of massage over the gall-bladder region, twice daily, in cases of icterus gravis as a prophylactic measure in the hope of avoiding impaction.This we accomplish by inserting the tips of the fingers gently but firmly under the right costal margin, with the child in a sitting position, and allowing it to cry or breathe out forcibly against them.It is hoped that by this method either an actual or a reflex con- traction of the gall-bladder will help to maintain a flow of bile through the common bile duct and hence withdraw bile from the intrahepatic canaliculi. SummaryEvidence is adduced which suggests that certain cases of so- called "congenital" obliteration of the bile ducts occur as sequelae of icterus gravis neonatorum.Various mechanisms are suggested to account for the obstructive element in this disease, and the importance of recognizing this feature of haemolytic disease is stressed.We wish to express our thanks to Prof. T. F.
BAROREFLEX ACTIVATION THERAPY REDUCES HOSPITAL RESOURCE UTILIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Edoardo Gronda, Giuseppe Costantino, Tiziana Staine, Andrea Moneta, ndrea Casini, Elvia Capritti, Adel lsheraei, Emilio Vanoli, Eric Lovett, Giuseppe Mancia, Guido Grassi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Points: Arterial puncture
Authors: O. Constant
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Social class and private referrals Patients opting Total referred for private Social class population referral 1 5 % 9% 2 22-9% 40°% 3 56-6% 440°o 4 12-1% 6°,' 5 3-2°1% N= 694(100%) N= 139(100°o)health insurance schemes.Of 43 domiciliary visits by specialists, 10 (23 %) were carried out in private consultations although only six (14%) patients belonged to a private health insurance scheme.I agree that much more information is required about private practice in this country but I submit that the statistics presented here are rather more "central" than "peripheral."
Partial characterization of the rH1 sodium channel protein from rat heart using subtype-specific antibodies.
Authors: S A Cohen, L K Levitt
Journal: Circulation Research (1993)

Three subtype-specific antisera were generated against peptides corresponding to portions of the amino terminus, interdomain 1-2, and carboxy terminus of the rH1 sodium channel primary sequence to confirm the expression of this protein in the adult rat heart and to determine selected biochemical properties of this protein that might contribute to its subtype-specific characteristics. All three antisera identify a 240-kD band on Western blots of partially purified cardiac membrane proteins and by immunoprecipitation of iodinated partially purified membrane proteins. Unlike other characterized mammalian sodium channels, no beta subunit is detected in association with the rH1 alpha subunit. The rH1 alpha subunit is a complex sialoglycoprotein as evidenced by its interaction with wheat germ agglutinin-Sepharose and by reduction in its apparent molecular weight after treatment with neuraminidase; deglycosylation with N-glycanase confirms that the rH1 protein contains significantly less carbohydrate than other sodium channel proteins characterized to date (5% versus 25% to 30%). Consistent with electrophysiological studies indicating a role of phosphorylation in channel regulation, the rH1 alpha subunit can be phosphorylated by the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A. The possible functional significance of these findings is discussed.
A NEW KNIFE FOR SECONDARY CATARACT.
Authors: A. J. ERWIN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

In presenting a new instrument to theAmerican Medical Associationit becomes necessary to show that such an invention is needed to fill a want. It seems to me that heretofore we have not had an implement for the convenient removal of the opaque capsule, or so-called secondary cataract. Often on account of its flaccidity or toughness, the ordinary needling of the capsule will not clear the pupil. We are frequently obliged to open the eye and remove the capsule with the forceps. The knife that I herewith present is about the size of the smallest discission needle. It is curved about 50 degrees on both the edge and the flat, with both edges and point sharp. Its action is somewhat corkscrew-like. By a rotary motion of this knife one can tear the capsule into fragments if necessary, or draw it to the corneal margin and extract it. I have
Micropuncture Studies of Phosphate Transport in the Proximal Tubule of the Dog THE RELATIONSHIP TO SODIUM REABSORPTION
Authors: Sung-Feng Wen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Micropuncture studies were performed in the dog to examine the relationship between sodium and phosphate transport in the proximal tubule. In hydropenic, thyroparathyroidectomized animals, administration of parathyroid extract, saline, or acetazolamide resulted in a fall in proximal tubule fluid-to-plasma (TF/P) inulin ratio as well as a rise in tubule fluid-to-plasma ultrafilterable (TF/UF) phosphate ratio. A correlation was found between the changes in fractional reabsorption of sodium and phosphate but the phosphate changes were generally greater than those of sodium. Also, a high distal phosphate delivery in the face of low fractional excretion of phosphate in the urine in thyroparathyroidectomized dogs suggests significant phosphate reabsorption in the distal nephron. On the other hand, calcium chloride infusion to saline-loaded, normal dogs to suppress endogenous parathyroid hormone reduced proximal TF/UF phosphate without change in TF/P inulin, while both parameters remained unchanged in saline-loaded, thyroparathyroidectomized dogs after calcium infusion. An increase in proximal TF/UF phosphate associated with unchanged TF/P inulin was also demonstrated by administration of highly purified parathyroid hormone to saline-loaded, thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. It was concluded that although proximal tubule phosphate transport is generally closely related to that of sodium, the two can dissociate under certain experimental conditions, especially under the influence of parathyroid hormone. These observations also indicate that the effect of parathyroid hormone on proximal tubule phosphate transport is not solely dependent upon its effect on sodium transport.
Bradycardia and H_2 Antagonists
Authors: L. Ann Tanner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1988Bradycardia and H2 AntagonistsL. Ann Tanner, RPh, Janet B. Arrowsmith, MDL. Ann Tanner, RPhSearch for more papers by this author, Janet B. Arrowsmith, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-5-434 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor: Several cases of cardiac rate abnormalities occurring with both oral and intravenous histamine-2 (H2)-receptor antagonists (cimetidine, ranitidine, and famotidine) have been reported (1). A recent report of bradycardia associated with an H2-receptor antagonist has focused attention on this potentially serious adverse drug reaction (2). We would like to inform the clinical community of additional similar reports received by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA).Since 1981, the FDA's Division of Epidemiology and Surveillance has received 39 spontaneous domestic reports of bradycardia associated with the use of these drugs. Twenty-four of these cases were associated with...References1. JeffreysVale DJ. Cimetidine and bradycardia. Lancet. 1978;1:828. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. JohnsonMiller WD. Ranitidine and bradycardia. Ann Intern Med. 1988;3:493. LinkGoogle Scholar3. National Prescription Audit. Ambler, Pennsylvania: IMS America, Ltd; 1987. Google Scholar4. Physicians Desk Reference. 41st ed. Oradell, New Jersey: Medical Economics, Co., Inc.; 1987. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Food and Drug Administration Rockville MD 20857 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMaturation of Motor Function in the Preterm Infant and Gastroesophageal RefluxMaturation of Motor Function in the Preterm Infant and Gastroesophageal RefluxPharmacology Review: Table.Cisapride-induced long QT interval: What is therole of ranitidine?Ranitidine-lnduced Bradycardia in a Patient With DextrocardiaRanitidine-Induced Bradycardia in a Patient With DextrocardiaClinical Aspects of Cardiovascular Effects of H 2 -Receptor AntagonistsPharmacological control of gastric acid secretion: Molecular and cellular aspectsHaemodynamic effects of H 2 -receptor antagonistsFamotidine and Cardiac ArrhythmiaGastrointestinal drugsRanitidine-Induced Chest Pain 1 September 1988Volume 109, Issue 5Page: 434-435KeywordsAdverse reactionsBradycardiaDrugsEpidemiologyFamotidineFood and Drug AdministrationHeart rate Issue Published: 1 September 1988 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Simultaneous Occurrence of Typical Carcinoid and Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in the Same Lung Lobe
Authors: Fadi Khreish, Dirk Hellwig, Jens Mathews, Arno Bücker, Carl-Martin Kirsch, Aleksandar Grgic
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

The present report demonstrates the usefulness of nuclear medicine in differentiating different pulmonary tumors. A 79-year-old woman presented with a suspicious peripherally located lesion of the right lower lobe in the costophrenic angle. During bronchoscopic evaluation, a centrally located intrabronchial lesion was found, which was positive on a subsequent In-111 octreotide examination. The histologic examination of this central lesion confirmed a typical bronchial carcinoid. The FDG PET examination revealed a high uptake just in the peripherally located lesion, which was then confirmed to be non–small-cell lung cancer. This is the first report of nuclear medicine methods evaluating simultaneous occurrence of a typical bronchial carcinoid and a non–small-cell lung cancer in the same lung lobe.
Arsenic Exposure and Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes in US Adults
Authors: Ana Navas-Acien, Ellen K. Silbergeld, Roberto Pastor-Barriuso, Eliseo Guallar
Journal: JAMA (2008)

High chronic exposure to inorganic arsenic in drinking water has been related to diabetes development, but the effect of exposure to low to moderate levels of inorganic arsenic on diabetes risk is unknown. In contrast, arsenobetaine, an organic arsenic compound derived from seafood intake, is considered nontoxic.To investigate the association of arsenic exposure, as measured in urine, with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in a representative sample of US adults.Cross-sectional study in 788 adults aged 20 years or older who participated in the 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and had urine arsenic determinations.Prevalence of type 2 diabetes across intake of arsenic.The median urine levels of total arsenic, dimethylarsinate, and arsenobetaine were 7.1, 3.0, and 0.9 mug/L, respectively. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 7.7%. After adjustment for diabetes risk factors and markers of seafood intake, participants with type 2 diabetes had a 26% higher level of total arsenic (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.0%-56.0%) and a nonsignificant 10% higher level of dimethylarsinate (95% CI, -8.0% to 33.0%) than participants without type 2 diabetes, and levels of arsenobetaine were similar to those of participants without type 2 diabetes. After similar adjustment, the odds ratios for type 2 diabetes comparing participants at the 80th vs the 20th percentiles were 3.58 for the level of total arsenic (95% CI, 1.18-10.83), 1.57 for dimethylarsinate (95% CI, 0.89-2.76), and 0.69 for arsenobetaine (95% CI, 0.33-1.48).After adjustment for biomarkers of seafood intake, total urine arsenic was associated with increased prevalence of type 2 diabetes. This finding supports the hypothesis that low levels of exposure to inorganic arsenic in drinking water, a widespread exposure worldwide, may play a role in diabetes prevalence. Prospective studies in populations exposed to a range of inorganic arsenic levels are needed to establish whether this association is causal.
Glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism and adrenal tumors occurring in a single French pedigree.
Authors: L Pascoe, X Jeunemaitre, M C Lebrethon, K M Curnow, C E Gomez-Sanchez, J M Gasc, J M Saez, P Corvol
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism is a dominantly inherited form of hypertension believed to be caused by the presence of a hybrid CYP11B1/CYP11B2 gene which has arisen from an unequal crossing over between the two CYP11B genes in a previous meiosis. We have studied a French pedigree with seven affected individuals in which two affected individuals also have adrenal tumors and two others have micronodular adrenal hyperplasia. One of the adrenal tumors and the surrounding adrenal tissue has been removed, giving a rare opportunity to study the regulation and action of the hybrid gene causing the disease. The hybrid CYP11B gene was demonstrated to be expressed at higher levels than either CYP11B1 or CYP11B2 in the cortex of the adrenal by RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis. In situ hybridization showed that both CYP11B1 and the hybrid gene were expressed in all three zones of the cortex. In cell culture experiments hybrid gene expression was stimulated by ACTH leading to increased production of aldosterone and the hybrid steroids characteristic of glucocorticoid-suppressible hyperaldosteronism. The genetic basis of the adrenal pathologies in this family is not known but may be related to the duplication causing the hyperaldosteronism.
The influence of vagal afferents on the left ventricular contractile response to intracoronary administration of catecholamines in the conscious dog.
Authors: K W Barron, V S Bishop
Journal: Circulation Research (1981)

We studied the effect of vagal afferents on the left ventricular contractile response (LVdP/dtmax) to administration of sympathomimetic amines into the left circumflex coronary artery in conscious dogs. The positive inotropic effects of bolus administration of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and isoproterenol were greater during bilateral vagal cold block (BVB) that in the control state with the vagi intact (P less than 0.001). The inotropic potentiation observed with BVB was not due to vagal efferent interruption, since parasympathetic efferent block with atropine did not potentiate the inotropic effects of intracoronary epinephrine (P greater than 0.05). BVB also potentiated the inotropic effects of constant intracoronary infusion of epinephrine (P less than 0.01). BVB alone had no significant effect on LVdP/dtmax; dtmax (P less than 0.05). We propose that the potentiation of the inotropic effects during BVB could result from either interruption of a vagal afferent-mediated negative feedback reflex and/or an unmasking of a sympathetic afferent-mediated positive feedback effect induced by BVB. However, the observations that ganglionic blockade also potentiated the contractile effects of epinephrine supports the concept that a negative feedback reflex does attenuate the inotropic effect of catecholamines in the control state. In conclusion, these data suggest that vagal afferents attenuate the positive inotropic effects of intracoronary administration of catecholamines via a cardiocardiac negative feedback reflex which occurs through a vagal afferent inhibition of sympathetic efferent activity back to the left ventricle.
Blindness in children
Authors: C. Gilbert
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Half of it is avoidable, and suitable cost effective interventions are available 

Childhood blindness is a priority of “Vision 2020—the Right to Sight,” a global initiative for the elimination of avoidable blindness (http://www.v2020.org/), although only 1.4m blind children are included in the worldwide total of 45m blind people.1 2 There are several reasons for this. Blind children have a lifetime of blindness ahead, which affects their opportunities for education, employment, and earning potential. Early onset blindness adversely affects psychomotor, social, and emotional development. Blind children have a higher death rate than their sighted counterparts. An estimated 500 000 children become blind each year, but in developing countries up to 60% are thought to die within a year of becoming blind.2 Almost half of all blindness in children—particularly those in the poorest communities3—is due to avoidable causes that are amenable to cost effective interventions.

The prevalence of blindness is higher in developing countries because, firstly, potentially blinding conditions such as vitamin A deficiency, harmful traditional eye remedies, or cerebral malaria, which do not occur in affluent societies, are prevalent there. Secondly, preventive measures for conditions that have been controlled elsewhere such as measles, congenital rubella, or ophthalmia neonatorum are inadequate. …
Abstract 2725: Preclinical development of an Fc-enhanced anti-B7-H3 monoclonal antibody with potent anti-tumor activity
Authors: Deryk T. Loo, Ralph Alderson, Francine Chen, Ling Huang, Wenjun Zhang, Sergey Gorlatov, Steve Burke, Valentina Ciccarone, Hua Li, Yinhua Yang, Thomas Son, Yan Chen, Jonathan Li, Jill Rillema, Monica Licea, Tony Liang, Jennie P. Mather, Scott Koenig, Stanford J. Stewart, Syd Johnson, Ezio Bonvini, Paul Moore
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Antigens that are tumor-specific or over-expressed on cancer cells represent opportunities for developing target-specific antibody-based therapeutics. Utilizing a non-target-biased intact cell-based immunization approach, we have generated greater than 1600 mAbs to cell-surface proteins that are expressed on cancer cells. A subset of the mAbs exhibit differential reactivity to tumor cells compared to normal cells. One of the differentially expressed proteins identified was B7-H3 (also referred to as CD276). B7-H3 is a member of the B7 family of immune regulatory proteins. Over-expression of B7-H3 has been correlated with disease severity and outcome in a growing number of cancer types, and several lines of evidence support a functional role for B7-H3 in cancer. In this report we describe the development of a humanized anti-B7-H3 mAb, designated MGA271, which bears an engineered Fc domain that imparts enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) through increased affinity for the human activating Fc-gamma receptor IIIA (CD16A) and decreased affinity for the human inhibitory Fc-gamma receptor IIB (CD32B). MGA271 displays strong reactivity to multiple tumors including kidney, prostate, pancreatic, breast, colon, gastric and ovarian cancer as well as melanoma, but limited reactivity toward normal human tissues. Independently of the donor's CD16A genotype, MGA271 mediates ADCC in vitro against human tumor cell lines representing these tumor types, as well as to human lung and gastrointestinal cell lines that exhibit properties of cancer stem cells. MGA271 exhibits potent anti-tumor activity toward B7-H3-expressing tumor xenografts in mice knocked-out for the murine CD16 gene and transgenic for the low affinity allele of human CD16A. Single- and repeat-dose toxicology studies were carried out in cynomolgus monkeys and no significant test article-related safety findings were observed. Taken together, these data support the clinical development of MGA271 for the treatment of patients who have B7-H3-expressing cancers. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2725. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2725