tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Progression pattern of CT findings in patients with RAS after lung transplantation
Authors: Adriana Dubbeldam, Caroline Barthels, Johan Coolen, Johny Verschakelen, Geert Verleden, Stijn Verleden, Robin Vos, Walter De Wever
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Purpose  To describe onset and progression pattern of Computed Tomography(CT) findings of Restrictive Allograft Syndrome(RAS) in patients after lung transplantation(LTX).  Material and Methods  Retrospectively, 21 patients with functionally confirmed RAS were included. Patients underwent CT-examinations between 11/2001 and 12/2013 as follow-up after LTX.  Results  First CT-findings were found within 3 months after LTX in 17/21, at 7 months in 1/21, after 40 months in 3/21 patients. CT-findings consisted of ground glass opacities, centrilobular nodules, tree-in-bud pattern, and consolidation.  Patients had an average of 3 episodes of developing new CT-findings. Time-interval between episodes was variable (4-114 months).  First onset of non-regressing CT-findings was found after an average of 56,5 months. Non-regressing CT-findings showed two different CT appearance- and progression patterns: a reticulo-nodular pattern (15 patients) and a peripheral-consolidation pattern (6 patients).  Patients with the reticulo-nodular pattern showed an average progression interval towards RAS of 11,6 months and median graft survival after onset of 29,9 months. Patients with the peripheral-consolidation pattern showed an average time-interval of 2,5 months and median graft survival after onset of 6,5 months.  Conclusion  Most patients with RAS after LTX showed a stair-step progression with multiple episodes of new onset and regressing CT-findings. Two patterns of non-regressing CT-findings leading to RAS were detected: a reticulo-nodular pattern and a peripheral-consolidation pattern with a more rapid progression to RAS leading to retransplantation or death.
Clinical relevance of positive human parechovirus type 1 and 3 PCR in stool samples
Authors: J.G. Wildenbeest, J.G. Wildenbeest, K.S.M. Benschop, R.P. Minnaar, S. Bouma-de Jongh, K.C. Wolthers, D. Pajkrt, K.S.M. Benschop, R.P. Minnaar, S. Bouma-de Jongh, K.C. Wolthers, D. Pajkrt
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Growth of Primary Plasmacytomas in the Mineral Oil-Conditioned Peritoneal Environment&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Michael Potter, Janet G. Pumphrey, Jamie L. Walters
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Ascites cells from 15 primary BALB/c plasmacytomas were transplanted intraperitoneally into normal or mineral oil-treated BALB/c mice; 15 of the tumors grew within 57 days in the mineral oil. treated mice. Within the same period only 3 of the tumors grew in normal mice.
Complementary medicine: state of the evidence
Authors: Charles Vincent, Adrian Furnham
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1999)

The term complementary medicine embraces a wide range of diverse therapies and diagnostic methods. Previous terms have included fringe medicine, unconventional medicine, unorthodox medicine, natural medicine and, the most widely used, alternative medicine. Complementary medicine (CM) is now the preferred description as practitioners of these therapies now see them as supplementing rather than replacing orthodox medicine. A high proportion of patients of doctors and other healthcare professionals attend complementary practitioners or self-administer complementary remedies, often without the knowledge of their doctor1. The purpose of this paper is to present a broad overview of research on complementary medicine, with special attention to studies of efficacy of the major therapies and to potential adverse effects, so that clinicians may make informed decisions when discussing such issues with their patients. In addition the field offers many fascinating and important opportunities for research on such issues as the evaluation of complementary treatments in particular, the assessment of non-specific placebo factors, the reasons for seeking complementary therapy, the role of beliefs about health and medicine, and the relationship between patients and complementary practitioners.
Response of Strain DBA/2eBDe Mice to Treatment With Urethan
Authors: Margaret K. Deringer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

In an attempt to increase the occurrence of reticular neoplasms by treatment with urethan alone, female mice of substrain DBA/-2eBDe were treated by multiple intraperitoneal injections or painting of the skin, and by a single intraperitoneal injection. Reticular neoplasms developed in animals of each group, but the incidence was increased significantly over the untreated mice only in those receiving a single treatment and in those painted with ethylene glycol. Because the two groups receiving multiple treatments died or were autopsied early, the opportunity for the development of reticular neoplasms was limited. Hemangioendo-theliomas of the liver occurred in nearly all the treated mice. Successful transplants of some of these lesions have been made. Hemangioendo-theliomas also occurred in the interscapular fat pad and in various other locations in a small number of treated mice. Harderian gland tumors developed in more than one fourth of those receiving a single treatment. Pulmonary tumors were observed in some of the animals of each treated group, with incidences ranging from 29 to 46 percent. The occurrence of other tumors and of other lesions has been noted.
Effect of cardiovascular comorbidities on the survival patients with stage I and II non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Daliborka Bursac, Nevena Secen, Danica Sazdanic-Velikic, Goran Stojanovic, Aleksandar Tepavac, Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenkovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Comorbid conditions may affect survival by influencing treatment decisions and prognosis.  Aim of this study was to determine the impact of cardiovascular comorbidity on the survival of patients in the first and second stage of NSCLC.   Methods:  The study included 140 patients with NSCLC, in the first and second stage who were treated in the period from January 2004 December 2006. 60 patients (30 in the first and 30 in the second stage) were treated surgically, and 80 patients (40 in the first and 40 in the second stage) is due to the presence of cardiovascular comorbidity treated with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy and these patients received standard chemotherapy with cisplatin (60mg/m 2 , 1st day) and etoposide (100mg/m 2 , 1-3. day), and radiotherapy (40 Gy).   Results:  In 43 patients (30.71%) was established cardiovascular comorbidity. The most frequent comorbidities were chronic cardiomyopathy (22 or 15.71%), ischemic heart disease (19 or 13.57%) and hypertension (19 or 13.57%). Cardiovascular comorbidities were higher in smokers (p=0.0916) and patients with low Karnofsky status (p=0.001).  Median survival for all patients was 19.82 months (in the first stage 20.33, and in the second stage 19.31). Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to compare survival time among patients with a presence or absence cardiovascular comorbidities. There was not a statistically significant relationship between shorter survival time and a history of cardiovascular comorbidity (p=0.1040).   Conclusions:  This study did not show a statistically significant effect of the presence of cardiovascular comorbidity on survival of patients in the first and second stage of the disease.
The effect of SDF-1/CXCR4 on expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in small cell lung cancer
Authors: Jian An Huang, Tao Chen, Chuan Yong Mu, Yuan Zeng Gu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objective  To explore the effect of SDF-1, AMD3100, and LY294002 on expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in NCI-H446 cell, and to explore the mechanism of small cell lung cancer invasion by SDF-1.   Methods  There were 5 groups in the experiment: control group (SDF-1 negative group); SDF-1 50ng/ml group; SDF-1 100ng/ml group; SDF-1 (100ng/ml) + AMD3100 group; SDF-1 (100ng/ml) + LY294002 group. With serum-free medium for 24 hours, to observe the VEGF and MMP-9 expression with different treatment conditions using RT-PCR to detect the expression of VEGF & MMP-9, and ELISA to measure the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in cell culture supernatant.   Results  VEGF and MMP-9 expression in supernatants were increased in SDF-1 treated group and could be inhibited by AMD3100 and LY294002. Compared with the control group, 100ng/ml SDF-1 treated group, the concentration of VEGF and MMP-9 was significantly increased, [(826 ± 102) pg / ml VS (360 ± 21) pg / ml], [(105 ± 4) pg / ml VS (30 ± 9) pg / ml] (P    Conclusion  After treated with SDF-1, the expression of VEGF and MMP-9 was significantly increased, and could be inhibited by AMD3100 and LY294002, which suggested that SDF-1/CXCR4 participate in tumor invasiveness and metastasis in small lung cancer by promoting secretion of VEGF and MMP-9.
Mediator concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with mild asymptomatic bronchial asthma
Authors: AE Crea, JA Nakhosteen, TH Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1992)

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on 11 atopic patients with mild asymptomatic bronchial asthma and 11 healthy nonasthmatic volunteers. All asthmatic subjects had evidence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness to inhaled carbachol. The concentrations of leukotriene (LT) C4, LTD4, LTE4, LTB4, prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), platelet-activating factor (PAF) and histamine in BAL fluid measured. The leukotrienes were measured by radioimmunoassay following reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. PGD2 concentrations were determined by radio immunoassay after Amprep C2 extraction. PAF was quantitated by means of in vitro aggregation of rabbit platelets and histamine content was measured using a single isotope radio-enzymatic assay. There was an increase in the levels of PGD2 and a decrease in the concentration of LTB4 in asthmatic lavage samples. There were no significant differences in the lavage concentrations of LTC4/D4/E4 and histamine between the two groups of individuals. PAF was undetectable.
Role of Radiation Therapy in the Combined-Modality Treatment of Patients With Extensive Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Randomized Study
Authors: Branislav Jeremic, Yuta Shibamoto, Nebojsa Nikolic, Biljana Milicic, Slobodan Milisavljevic, Aleksandar Dagovic, Jasna Aleksandrovic, Gordana Radosavljevic-Asic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin/etoposide (PE) chemotherapy (CHT) with or without accelerated hyperfractionated radiation therapy (ACC HFX RT) and concurrent daily carboplatin/etoposide (CE) in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 210 patients were treated with three cycles of standard PE. Patients with a complete response (CR) at both the local and distant levels (CR/CR) or a partial response (PR) at the local level and CR at the distant level (PR/CR) received either thoracic ACC HFX RT with 54 Gy in 36 fractions over 18 treatment days in combination with CE followed by two cycles of PE (group 1, n = 55) or an additional four cycles of PE (group 2, n = 54). Patients who experienced less response were treated nonrandomly (groups 3, 4, and 5). All patients with a CR at the distant level received prophylactic cranial irradiation. RESULTS: For 206 assessable patients, the median survival time (MST) was 9 months and the 5-year survival rate was 3.4%. Patients in group 1 had significantly better survival rates than those in group 2 (MST, 17 v 11 months; 5-year survival rate, 9.1% v 3.7%, respectively; P = .041). Local control was also better in group 1, but the difference was only marginally not significant (P = .062). There was no difference in distant metastasis-free survival between groups 1 and 2. Acute high-grade toxicity was higher in group 2 than in group 1. CONCLUSION: The addition of ACC HFX RT to the treatment of the most favorable subset of patients led to improved survival over that obtained with CHT alone.
Establishment and Characterization of the Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Line HChol-Y1 in a Serum-Free, Chemically Defined Medium
Authors: N Yamaguchi, H Morioka, H Ohkura, S Hirohashi, K Kawai
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

A human cholangiocarcinoma cell line, designated as HChol-Y1, was established in a protein-free, chemically defined medium after a very short period of primary culture in 0.1% fetal bovine serum (FBS)-containing medium. The cell line has been propagated in this medium for 2 years. The cells grew as a monolayer and the doubling time was about 52 hours. Addition of FBS did not stimulate cell growth (population-doubling time = 50 hr) or increase saturation density. The cells grown in a protein-free medium secreted small amounts of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and large amounts of carbohydrate antigen (CA) 19/9 (CEA: 12.5 +/- 2.1 ng/10(6) cells/48 hr; CA 19/9: 760 +/- 52 IU/10(6) cells/48 hr); these tumor markers were immunohistochemically demonstrated in HChol-Y1 cells. Addition of FBS slightly stimulated the production of CEA and CA 19/9. The HChol-Y1 cell line was xenotransplantable in athymic nude mice and increased the serum CEA and CA 19/9 levels in the tumor-bearing nude mice. For determination as to whether a human carcinoma cell line can proliferate and secrete CEA and CA 19/9 in synthetic medium without any protein supplements, the cells were cultivated long term (2 yr) in a protein-free, chemically defined medium. When this method of cultivation is used, it is easy to purify these substances from spent medium, because contaminating antigens such as FBS or other substances usually added to cultures are absent.
Pharmacokinetic study of oral and bolus intravenous 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine in patients with malignancy.
Authors: A Saven, W K Cheung, I Smith, M Moyer, T Johannsen, E Rose, R Gollard, M Kosty, W E Miller, L D Piro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

This study was designed to evaluate the absolute bioavailability (F value) of 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (cladribine; 2-CdA) after multiple oral administrations, and the intersubject variability after oral and 2-hour intravenous (IV) administration schedules in patients with malignancy.Patients with advanced malignancies were eligible. There were two treatment cycles; during cycle 1, patients received 2-CdA solution at 0.28 mg/kg/d orally under fasting conditions for 5 consecutive days concomitantly with omeprazole, and 4 weeks later during cycle 2 patients received 2-CdA as a 2-hour IV infusion of 0.14 mg/kg/d for 5 consecutive days. Serial blood samples for 2-CdA plasma levels were obtained after drug administrations on days 1 and 5 during each treatment cycle.Ten patients completed cycles 1 and 2. The F value of oral 2-CdA measured on days 1 and 5 was 37.2% and 36.7%, respectively. For both oral and IV multiple administrations, there was no significant accumulation in maximum concentration (Cmax), and the intersubject variabilities (coefficient of variation [CV], approximately 40%) in Cmax and area under the concentration-time curve from 0 to 24 hours [AUC(0-24)] values were comparable for both routes on days 1 and 5. A three-compartment open model was applied to the plasma concentration data after oral and IV administrations and resulted in good agreement between observed and simulated concentration-time profiles. Neutropenia was the principal adverse event observed when 2-CdA was administered orally and IV.The F value of 2-CdA after oral administration was approximately 37% and there were no cumulative differences in bioavailability observed on multiple dosing of the drug. The absorption and disposition characteristics of oral 2-CdA were linear and predictable with this dosing regimen.
Enhancing Effect of Hydrocortisone Acetate Administration on the Content of A-Type Particles in Ehrlich Ascites Tumor
Authors: Toshiko Kodama, Mitsuo Kodama, Yoshimi Nishi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

The incidence of intracytoplasmic A-particles was investigated in neoplastic and nonneoplastic cells of Swiss/ICR mice. The concentration of the virus-like particles decreased in the order of 1) invasive Ehrlich 4N ascites clone 1 tumor, 2) noninvasive Ehrlich 4N ascites clone 3 tumor, and 3) nonneoplastic cells of tumor-free mice. Four successive injections of hydrocortisone acetate, 1 mg/day/mouse, when administered after tumor inoculation, almost tripled the cellular content of A-particles in Ehrlich clone 1 tumor (P less than .001), whereas the same treatment given before tumor inoculation did not affect the particle content. The enhancing effect of the hormone was found to be dose-dependent (P = .0027). Possibly, hydrocortisone acetate accelerates the formation of A-particles by stimulating directly the virus-generating apparatus of clone 1 tumor cells.
Abstract 18128: Efficacy and Safety of Slight Therapeutic Hypothermia (35 {degrees}C) for Post Cardiac Arrest Syndrome due to Ventricular Fibrillation with Low Left Cardiac Function
Authors: Tomohiko Orita, Yukitoshi Toyoda, Motoyasu Yamazaki, Tomohiro Funabiki, Masayuki Shimizu, Shokei Matsumoto, Ryo Yamamoto, Mitsuhide Kitano, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatsugu Nakano, Masahiro Yamawaki, Tamon Kato, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Toshiya Muramatsu
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Backgrounds & Objective: Mild therapeutic hypothermia (32-34°C, 24-48 hours: mild TH) for post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) has been strongly recommended in t...
Economic Evaluation of Combined Diet and Physical Activity Promotion Programs to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes Among Persons at Increased Risk: A Systematic Review for the Community Preventive Services Task Force
Authors: Rui Li, Shuli Qu, Ping Zhang, Sajal Chattopadhyay, Edward W. Gregg, Ann Albright, David Hopkins, Nicolaas P. Pronk
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Diabetes is a highly prevalent and costly disease. Studies indicate that combined diet and physical activity promotion programs can prevent type 2 diabetes among persons at increased risk.To systematically evaluate the evidence on cost, cost-effectiveness, and cost-benefit estimates of diet and physical activity promotion programs.Cochrane Library, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, Web of Science, EconLit, and CINAHL through 7 April 2015.English-language studies from high-income countries that provided data on cost, cost-effectiveness, or cost-benefit ratios of diet and physical activity promotion programs with at least 2 sessions over at least 3 months delivered to persons at increased risk for type 2 diabetes.Dual abstraction and assessment of relevant study details.Twenty-eight studies were included. Costs were expressed in 2013 U.S. dollars. The median program cost per participant was $653. Costs were lower for group-based programs (median, $417) and programs implemented in community or primary care settings (median, $424) than for the U.S. DPP (Diabetes Prevention Program) trial and the DPP Outcomes Study ($5881). Twenty-two studies assessed the incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of the programs. From a health system perspective, 16 studies reported a median ICER of $13 761 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) saved. Group-based programs were more cost-effective (median, $1819 per QALY) than those that used individual sessions (median, $15 846 per QALY). No cost-benefit studies were identified.Information on recruitment costs and cost-effectiveness of translational programs implemented in community and primary care settings was limited.Diet and physical activity promotion programs to prevent type 2 diabetes are cost-effective among persons at increased risk. Costs are lower when programs are delivered to groups in community or primary care settings.None.
Evaluation of a tuberculosis control programme based on case-finding
Authors: Concepción Morales-García, Jorge Parra-Ruiz, José María Gómez-Vida, Abdelhak Amzouz-Amzouz, José Hernández-Quero
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  The reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis (TB) may indicate TB control, however it could also reflect underdiagnosis or underreporting. In 1999, the Health District of South Granada (HDSG) initiated a TB control programme based on case-finding.  The objective of this study was to define the characteristics of TB in the HDSG and the efficacy of the control programme.   Methods:  Prospective study of all cases of TB diagnosed in the HDSG during the period 2003 to 2010. The incidence of TB and the absolute and relative frequencies of the most relevant variables were calculated. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 19 software.   Results:  TB was diagnosed in 319 cases, of which 272 (85.2%) were pulmonary (PTB) cases. 96.3% of all PTB cases were culture-confirmed. The incidence of TB in the study period was 27.5/100.000 population. The incidence of PTB was 23.8/100.000 and of smear positive PTB was 9.3/100.000. Smear positive PTB was detected in 39.1% of cases. Chest x-ray showed cavitation in 21.3% of cases of PTB. Cavitation was present in 45.4% of smear positive PTB cases and in 4.9% of smear negative cases. Treatment success was achieved in 90% of smear positive PTB cases.   Conclusions:  Incidence of TB in HDSG is higher than that reported in Spain, but the percentage of smear positive PTB cases and those with cavitation were lower, indicating earlier diagnosis following the implementation of the TB control programme.The percentage of smear positive PTB cases out of the total number of culture-confirmed cases could be an indicator of underdiagnosis. A high percentage of smear positive PTB cases would indicate detection of advanced cases and later diagnosis indicating high rate of underdiagnosis of TB.
Production of Thrombopoietin by Human Carcinomas and Its Novel Isoforms
Authors: Yutaka Sasaki, Takayuki Takahashi, Hiroshi Miyazaki, Atsushi Matsumoto, Takashi Kato, Kishiko Nakamura, Sumiko Iho, Yoshiaki Okuno, Kazuwa Nakao
Journal: Blood (1999)
Paracrine Wnt1 Drives Interstitial Fibrosis without Inflammation by Tubulointerstitial Cross-Talk
Authors: Omar H. Maarouf, Anusha Aravamudhan, Deepika Rangarajan, Tetsuro Kusaba, Victor Zhang, Jeremy Welborn, Daniel Gauvin, Xiuyun Hou, Rafael Kramann, Benjamin D. Humphreys
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

AKI with incomplete epithelial repair is a major contributor to CKD characterized by tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Injury–induced epithelial secretion of profibrotic factors is hypothesized to underlie this link, but the identity of these factors and whether epithelial injury is required remain undefined. We previously showed that activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in interstitial pericytes cell autonomously drives myofibroblast activation in vivo. Here, we show that inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling also substantially prevented TGFβ–dependent myofibroblast activation in vitro. To investigate whether Wnt ligand derived from proximal tubule is sufficient for renal fibrogenesis, we generated a novel mouse strain with inducible proximal tubule Wnt1 secretion. Adult mice were treated with vehicle or tamoxifen and euthanized at 12 or 24 weeks postinjection. Compared with vehicle-treated controls, kidneys with tamoxifen–induced Wnt1 expression from proximal tubules displayed interstitial myofibroblast activation and proliferation and increased matrix protein production. PDGF receptor β–positive myofibroblasts isolated from these kidneys exhibited increased canonical Wnt target gene expression compared with controls. Notably, fibrotic kidneys had no evidence of inflammatory cytokine expression, leukocyte infiltration, or epithelial injury, despite the close histologic correlation of each with CKD. These results provide the first example of noninflammatory renal fibrosis. The fact that epithelial–derived Wnt ligand is sufficient to drive interstitial fibrosis provides strong support for the maladaptive repair hypothesis in the AKI to CKD transition.