tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
QL-09 * TRAJECTORY OF QUALITY OF LIFE AT END OF LIFE IN MALIGNANT GLIOMA: SUPPORT FOR THE TERMINAL DROP THEORY
Authors: E. Farace, J. Sheehan
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Very little is known about quality of life (QOL) at end-of-life (EOL) in malignant brain tumor patients, which limits clinicians ability to best to help patients at this stage. The QOL trajectory at EOL has commonly been hypothesized to be "terminal decline," a linear relationship to time before death with a relatively gradual decline. Alternately, QOL at EOL could be hypothesized to be analogous to the "terminal drop" theory of cognitive aging, wherein the patient QOL has a curvilinear relationship to time before death; a relatively flat curve with a rapid decline a short time before death. 89 patients with malignant glioma were enrolled in this NCI funded study of QOL and neurocognition. Patients completed the EORTC-QLQ-C30 at three month intervals until death. Mean length of follow-up was 224 days (median 155 days). Mean age of patients was 52 years (range 18-80). The gender ratio was 49% men and 51% women. One patient was Latino (so 97% Non-Hispanic), 69 participants were Caucasian, one was African American, and one was Native American. The mean educational level was 13 years (range 8-20). Twenty-eight patients had glioblastoma (grade IV), nine had a grade III oligodendroglioma, and six had a grade III oligoastrocytoma. Data were plotted over time to determine if the shape of the curve resembles terminal decline or terminal drop. Interestingly, as can be seen from the graph, Global QOL slightly improved over time. Growth Curve Analysis confirms this finding. Results of this study may supporting the terminal drop theory but may also illustrate response shift, a conundrum for QOL researchers in which patients' perspective changes and thus they report improved QOL. Longer follow-up is necessary to delineate this pattern. A better understanding of QOL at EOL will improve medical and psychosocial palliative care.
Immunoglobulin G fragment C gamma receptor (FcGR) polymorphisms and efficacy of single-agent trastuzumab in patients treated with metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: C Shimizu, K Tamura, F Koizumi, K Aogi, T Kinoshita, Y Fujiwara
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #6073 Background: Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) may be involved in antitumor effect of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies and their effector functions are induced following the interactions of IgG with FcGR. Studies have shown that FcGRIIIa-V158F and FcGRIIa-H131R polymorphisms may predict response to retuximab, cetuximab in patients with follicular lymphoma, colorectal cancer, and recently, trastuzumab-combined chemotherapy in breast cancer patients (J Clin Oncol 25; 1789, 2008). We tested the hypothesis of whether these two polymorphisms are associated with clinical outcome in metastatic breast cancer patients treated with single-agent trastuzumab treatment.&amp;#x2028; Patients and Methods: Patients with HER2-positive (HercepTest (3+) or (2+) with gene amplification either in primary or metastatic site) metastatic breast cancer were enrolled onto this prospective study. Eligible patients were hormone receptor negative or endocrine therapy resistant, and had received no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Study patients received single agent trastuzumab at a loading dose of 4 mg/kg followed by 2 mg/kg per week until disease progression. The first clinical response was assessed at 8 week. FcGRIIIA-V158F and FcGRIIA-H131R genotypes were assessed from genomic DNA extracted from peripheral blood samples. The present study has been approved by the institutional review boards of National Cancer Center and Shikoku Cancer Center Hospital and all registered patients have given written consent to participate in this study.&amp;#x2028; Results: To date, 33 patients have been enrolled. The frequency of FcGRIIIa-V158F genotypes were V/V 48%, V/F45%, F/F 6%, and that of FcGRIIA-H131R genotypes were H/H 59%, H/R38%, R/R 3% , respectively. 8-wk response could be evaluated in 29 patients (CR 1, PR 4, SD 13, PD 11). Clinical benefit was observed in 13 patients (CR 1, PR 6, SD&amp;gt;6months 6). FcGRIIIa-158V/V genotype was significantly correlated with 8-wk response (p=.017) and clinical benefit (p=0.02) of single-agent trastuzumab, while there was no significant difference in clinical response to trastuzumab by FcGRIIA-H131R polymorphism.&amp;#x2028; Conclusion: Although still preliminary, these data support the previous finding that FcGRIIIa-V158F polymorphisms play an important role in the clinical activity of trastuzumab. Updated results will be presented at the 31st annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 6073.
Effect of atenolol on left ventricular function in hypertensive patients.
Authors: M M Ibrahim, M A Madkour, R Mossallam
Journal: Circulation (1980)

No information is available about the effects of oral atenolol, a cardioselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent with no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, on left ventricular function. Atenolol, 100 mg/day, was given to 12 hypertensive patients for 8 weeks, and its effects on mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac index (CI) and ejection indexes of myocardial performance were examined by echocardiography. Echocardiographic studies were performed before treatment, after 4 weeks of placebo, and repeated after 4 and 8 weeks of atenolol therapy. MAP fell by 14% and 21% after 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. CI fell by 22% and 20% and stroke index (SI) fell by 11% and 7%. Calculated peripheral resistance did not change significantly. Fractional shortening, ejection fraction and normalized mean rate of circumferential fiber shortening did not change. The normalized mean posterior wall velocity decreased after 4 weeks but returned to pretreatment levels after 8 weeks. The septal velocity increased after 8 weeks. End-diastolic volume index (EDVI) did not change, and there was no relationship between changes in heart rate and EDVI. The study shows that atenolol in the resting state has no effect on certain echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular (LV) function when given orally to hypertensive patients with normal LV size and function. The reduction in CI and SI were presumably secondary to a decrease in cardiac venous filling.
Impaired Carbohydrate Metabolism during a Mild Viral Illness
Authors: Elliot J. Rayfield, Randall T. Curnow, David T. George, William R. Beisel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

BACTERIAL infections promote hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance in normal persons,1 , 2 or increase insulin requirements of diabetic patients. This study was designed to determine the effect of a mild, self-limited viral illness, sandfly fever,3 , 4 on glucose tolerance in man and to document concomitant dynamic alterations in several glucoregulatory hormones.Materials and MethodsSubjects and ProtocolTen healthy, nonobese men, 21 to 24 years of age, were admitted to a metabolic ward, each having given informed consent.* A 300-g carbohydrate diet was maintained throughout the study. After 3 days, a base-line intravenous glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed with 30 g . . .
British surgeon accused of manslaughter
Authors: C Essex, O Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A warrant for the arrest of a British cardiothoracic surgeon, Mr Keith Ramstead, on charges of manslaughter, has been issued in New Zealand. Mr Ramstead, who used to work in Christchurch Hospital in New Zealand but has since returned to Britain, faces charges of manslaughter and three charges of making a false statement under the Births and Deaths Registration Act. The charges follow a 13 month police inquiry in which detectives investigated nine deaths, including seven identified in a report in 1993 by the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons. That report highlighted serious deficiencies …
Controversy over Sclerotherapy for Malignant Pleural Effusions
Authors: Dennis K. Fuller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 July 1994Controversy over Sclerotherapy for Malignant Pleural EffusionsDennis K. Fuller, PharmDDennis K. Fuller, PharmDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-2-199407150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The review of chemical pleurodesis by Walker-Renard and colleagues [1] was informative, but their conclusion on the efficacy and cost of these agents must address efficacy, the patient-practitioner relationship, and cost.Most of my statements here are directed toward the comparison of doxycycline with bleomycin, for which the literature for minocycline is preliminary. In their review, Walker-Renard and associates conclude that the first-dose efficacies, defined as complete responses, of doxycycline and bleomycin are 10% and 54%, respectively. For doxycycline, cumulative second-dose effectiveness is 20% and third-dose efficacy is 43%. It was not until the fourth dose of ...References1. Walker-Renard PB, Vaughan LM, Sahn SA. Chemical pleurodesis for malignant pleural effusions. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:56-64. Google Scholar2. Robinson LA, Fleming WH, Galbraith TA. Intrapleural doxycycline control of malignant pleural effusions. Ann Thorac Surg. 1993; 55:1115-22. Google Scholar3. American Hospital Association. Hospital Statistics. Chicago: American Hospital Association; 1971. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1994Volume 121, Issue 2Page: 150-151KeywordsAnxietyDepressionDoxycyclineHospitalizationsPleural effusionThorax Issue Published: 15 July 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Tc-99m HMPAO Diffuse Pulmonary Uptake Demonstrated in Cigarette Smokers
Authors: WEI-JEN SHIH, FRANK GRUENWALD, HANS J. BIERSACK, ROLANDO BERGER, SARA BRANDENBURG, JOHN COUPAL, U-YUN RYO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Tc-99m HMPAO, a lipophilic radiotracer used as a brain SPECT imaging agent in the diagnosis of strokes and dementias, is normally localized in the brain and the heart and is excreted through the kidneys (50%) and the hepatoblliary system (14% to 30%). There is no pulmonary localization except in the lungs of smokers. To evaluate pulmonary localization of Tc-99m HMPAO in relation to smoking, 23 patients (aged 27 to 76 years) who were referred for brain imaging studies for strokes or dementias also underwent lung imaging studies immediately following the brain imaging. Anterior and/or posterior lung images were obtained 30 to 45 minutes after IV injection of 15 mCi Tc-99m HMPAO. Diffuse pulmonary uptake was graded semiquantitatively: 3+, pulmonary uptake is equal to or higher than hepatic uptake; 2+, pulmonary uptake is less than hepatic uptake but higher than cardiac uptake; 1+, pulmonary uptake is equal to cardiac uptake; 0, pulmonary uptake is less than cardiac uptake. Each patient's smoking history, including duration and daily consumption, was recorded. Four patients' lung images showed 3+ lung uptake; 6 patients, 2+; 1 patient, 1 +; and 12 patients, 0 uptake. Eleven patients with lung uptakes of 3+ to 1 + had a history of cigarette smoking. Twelve patients with lung uptake less than cardiac uptake had no smoking history. Pulmonary distribution of Tc-99m HMPAO is usually negligible in the normal lung. Our results indicate that lung uptake correlates significantly (chi-square = 23, d.f. = 1, P = 0.0001) with smoking history.
THE HEART IN MILITARY SERVICE
Authors: EUGENE S. KILGORE
Journal: JAMA (1941)

If our last big army is to furnish the medical pattern for the present, an important group of chronic medical disabilities will be that referred to the heart. But that much of this disability is preventable is the conviction of thoughtful observers of medical service during the last war and during the long years of postwar hospitalizations and pension ratings. This is a time, therefore, in which it may be hoped that past experience, focused on today's work, will obviate much wastage of man power in the armed services and of government money in the future. Much good can be done by improved standards and due care in the medical examination of selectees, and this is receiving well merited attention. This paper, however, is concerned only with the less emphasized but equally important subject of caring for men in the services. The real problem is not that of genuine heart
Health Status and its Correlates among Dutch Community-Dwelling Older Men with and without Lower Urogenital Tract Dysfunction
Authors: Marco H Blanker, Loes F.C Driessen, J.L.H Ruud Bosch, Arthur M Bohnen, Siep Thomas, Ad Prins, Roos M.D Bernsen, Frans P.M.J Groeneveld
Journal: European Urology (2002)
ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELLS MOBILIZATION AND PLATELET MICROPARTICLES RELEASE ARE INFLUENCED BY CLOPIDOGREL PLASMA LEVELS IN STABLE CORONARY HEART DISEASE
Authors: Maria Cristina Izar, Carolina N. Franca, Luiz Pinheiro, Henrique T. Bianco, Soraia H. Kasmas, Rui M. Povoa, Simone P. Barbosa, Francisco Fonseca
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Microscopic Incipient Hepatocellular Carcinoma Found Incidentally in A Routine Liver Biopsy Specimen
Authors: Noboru Hirooka, Yoshiro Nitta, Takabumi Tsunoda, Eiji Kitazawa, Junichi Sato, Akira Machii, Yoshitsugu Murakami, Manabu Takahashi, Fukuo Kondo
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

A microscopic atypical focus suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma is reported. The lesion, 0.3 mm in diameter, was found by chance in a liver biopsy specimen taken from a cirrhotic patient; it was characterized histologically by cytoplasmic basophilia, hypercellularity (high nucleus-to-cell ratio) and microacinar structures. The reticulin framework of the focus was relatively sparse compared with the surrounding noncancerous area. The focus had developed in a regenerative nodule apparently no different from other regenerative nodules of the cirrhosis and showed no accompanying preneoplastic lesion such as adenomatous hyperplasia. A thorough search for the primary lesion, including ultrasonographic imaging and superselective hepatic arteriography, demonstrated no mass lesion in the liver. Therefore, the lesion may have been an incipient de novo hepatocellular carcinoma, and this may be the first report of such a lesion discovered in a biopsy sample.
Alcoholic diabetes. Induction of glucose intolerance with alcohol
Authors: G. B. Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Two patients demonstrated diabetes after the consumption of alcohol. Neither showed abnormality in glucose tolerance when abstinent. When the two patients were given alcohol by mouth in addition to a diet, in doses of 266 and 285 ml, respectively, over one day, they developed glucose intolerance. Four apparently healthy volunteers were similarly challenged with alcohol. One of these developed glucose intolerance. The glucose intolerance after alcohol administration was associated with an increase in the insulin response to glucose and a delay in the attainment of the peak insulin concentration. The effect of alcohol could not be attributed to its caloric value or to increased secretion of glucocorticoid or growth hormone. Two of the three subjects who responded to alcohol with glucose intolerance had close relatives with diabetes.
Incidence of Bacteriuria with Indwelling Catheter in Normal Bladders
Authors: Clair E. Cox
Journal: JAMA (1961)

IT IS CURRENTLY ASSUMED that bacteriuria occurs concomitantly with retention catheterization. This impression arises from the flood of recently published observations and opinions which suggest that infection is not only inevitable but occurs almost simultaneously with the institution of catheter drainage of the urinary bladder. Kass<sup>1</sup>stated, "About half of the patients with inlying catheters for 24 hours have bacteriuria and almost all with inlying catheters for 96 hours have such infections." Jackson and Grieble<sup>2</sup>pointed out that less than 2 days is usually required for bacteria to enter the bladder in the presence of an indwelling catheter. Beeson<sup>3</sup>maintains that infection is "almost inevitable" under the circumstances of retention catheterization. Kleeman and associates<sup>4</sup>state that 95 per cent of patients with an indwelling catheter develop cystitis and urethritis within 3 to 4 days. Moreover, statistical data of this type, including that from autopsy series,<sup>5</sup>
Nocturnal femoral fracture and continuing widespread use of barbiturate hypnotics.
Authors: J B MacDonald, E T MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A survey of 390 patients aged over 65 with fractured femurs showed that nearly all the fractures that had been caused by nocturnal falls had occurred among the many patients who were still taking barbiturate hypnotics. Barbiturates were also strongly associated with a history of frequent falls. Barbiturates are still prescribed surprisingly often for the elderly. An analysis of 1622 elderly patients referred to a geriatric clinic in Nottingham showed that 41% were taking barbiturates in 1973. By 1976 this fugure had actually increased to 51%, despite the substantial campaign against barbiturate prescribing. This campaign thus appears to have made little or no impact on prescriptions for the elderly in at least one large town. The dangers of barbiturates may well need constant reemphasis.
In vitro and in vivo cytotoxic activity of native and ricin conjugated monoclonal antibodies to HBs antigen for Alexander primary liver cell carcinoma cells and tumours.
Authors: J M Oladapo, A H Goodall, R de Koning, J Parmar, D Brown, H C Thomas
Journal: Gut (1984)

In in vitro and in vivo systems, native or ricin conjugated monoclonal anti-HBs, are capable of inhibiting or slowing the growth of Alexander primary hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Failure of the immune response to this component of the hepatitis B virus may be one permissive factor in the development of some primary liver cell carcinoma in chronic HBV carriers.
The 35th Assembly of the World Medical Association
Authors: James H. Sammons
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Delegates to the 35th World Medical Assembly (WMA) in Venice in October 1983 had the privilege of a private audience with the Pope at the Vatican following the close of the Assembly. The Pope referred to the work of the Assembly in his address, which is reprinted in full in this issue ofThe Journalalong with the remarks of Andre Wynen, MD, Secretary General of the World Medical Association, who spoke on behalf of the WMA during the audience. By way of background, the American Medical Association is a founding member of the WMA, which was organized in 1947. The AMA continues to provide leadership to the Association in cooperation with 40 other national medical associations. Member associations are joined together to work for the implementation of this purpose: To achieve the highest international standards in medical education, medical science, medical art, medical ethics, and health care for all
Adding Glucocorticoid to Lidocaine Not Helpful for Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Inflammatory responses in acne patients treated with 13-cis-retinoic acid (isotretinoin)
Authors: D.B. HOLLAND, G. GOWLAND, W.J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Twelve patients with acne vulgaris treated with isotretinoin for 4 months showed increased levels of immunoglobulins and helper T cells at 8 weeks and increased levels of B cells at 16 weeks.
Preventing insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: the environmental challenge.
Authors: H King
Journal: BMJ (1987)

returning to paid work was a function of prior level of mental ill health.Fourthly, other research in this unit shows that in areas of higher unemployment compared with those of lower unemployment unemployed people report feeling less stigmatised by the lack of a job, having more social contact with other unemployed people, and feeling less under pressure from other people to get a job.Differential selection of unfit people in different areas is therefore unlikely to account for our findings.
Vitamin A, Pregnancy, and Oral Contraceptives
Authors: J. Wild, C. J. Schorah, R. W. Smithells
Journal: BMJ (1974)

It has been shown that women receiving oral contraceptives have increased levels of serum vitamin A. High vitamin A levels may constitute a teratogenic hazard and it has been suggested that women who conceive soon after discontinuing oral contraceptive therapy may be especially at risk to this hazard.We have confirmed a significant increase in vitamin A levels in women taking oral contraceptives. During early pregnancy there is no significant difference in vitamin A levels between women who have recently been taking oral contraceptives and those who have not. We have been unable to show that either taking oral contraceptives shortly before pregnancy or a high vitamin A level during the first trimester of pregnancy, comparable to that of a woman taking oral contraceptives, has any detrimental effect on the outcome of pregnancy. It seems unlikely that women who conceive soon after discontinuing oral contraception run any teratogenic risk from increased vitamin A levels.
Living Hazards and Physician's Lives
Authors: S. M. Rabson
Journal: JAMA (1965)

To the Editor:—  Town Loses Two MDs in Crashes inAMANews (July 26) is another report of the death of physicians in private plane disasters. Earlier in the year, two California psychiatrists and their wives died in a similar mishap.  When one thinks of the responsibilities a doctor bears, not only for his current duties but also for the years of effort which went into his medical training, serious questions arise. Were his life spent in lone activity, the catastrophe would not be as great. But scores of teachers and colleagues gave of themselves and their time to his education and development. In the case of the amateur aviator, this was to what avail? The profession of medicine, not speaking sentimentally, has elements of the divine, for in serving God's creatures it serves God. To jeopardize the practice of that profession for reasons of personal pleasure or for the
Better delivery, not more funding, is crucial to improving health care
Authors: Hugh Ip
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The key to tackling major health problems around the world is not generating new funds but implementing available solutions, said speakers at a conference last weekend.

An “implementation bottleneck” currently exists, said Jim Yong Kim, co-founder of the healthcare charity Partners in Health and the World Health Organization’s former HIV and AIDS director, at a conference organised by the a non-profit organisation Unite for Sight and held at Yale University in Connecticut. The …