tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Compelled Medical Treatment of Pregnant Women
Authors: Martin T. Donohoe
Journal: JAMA (1988)

To the Editor.—  In a recent article published inTHE JOURNAL, Nelson and Milliken 1 state that the California Appellate Court case People v Smith  2 decided that a child after birth has a right to recover damages for injuries wrongfully inflicted by a third party prior to birth. Would or should the child have a right to recover damages from the mother's unwillingness to fulfill her ethical obligation to accept reasonable, nonexperimental medical treatment for the sake of her fetus and to behave otherwise in a manner intended to benefit and not harm her fetus? Would or should these damages resulting from thirdparty or maternally inflicted injuries include lifelong costs for physical damage resulting directly and secondarily from the above situations, damages for emotional suffering, and costs for necessary psychiatric care? If the mother or the third party is not liable for any of these costs or cannot pay,
Connecting the Dots to Make a Difference
Authors: Ernest F. Talarico, Andrew D. Prather
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy of the alcohol use disorders identification test as a screening tool for hazardous alcohol intake and related disorders in primary care: a validity study
Authors: M. Piccinelli, E. Tessari, M. Bortolomasi, O. Piasere, M. Semenzin, N. Garzotto, M. Tansella
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To determine the properties of the alcohol use disorders identification test in screening primary care attenders for alcohol problems.Design: A validity study among consecutive primary care attenders aged 18-65 years.Every third subject completed the alcohol use disorders identification test (a 10 item self report questionnaire on alcohol intake and related problems) and was interviewed by an investigator with the composite international diagnostic interview alcohol use module (a standardised interview for the independent assessment of alcohol intake and related disorders).Setting: 10 primary care clinics in Verona, north eastern Italy.Patients: 500 subjects were approached and 482 (96.4%) completed evaluation.Results: When the alcohol use disorders identification test was used to detect subjects with alcohol problems the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.95.The cut off score of 5 was associated with a sensitivity of 0.84, a specificity of 0.90, and a positive predictive value of 0.60.The screening ability of the total score derived from summing the responses to the five items minimising the probability of misclassification between subjects with and without alcohol problems provided an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.93.A score of 5 or more on the five items was associated with a sensitivity of 0.79, a specificity of 0.95, and a positive predictive value of 0.73.Conclusions: The alcohol use disorders identification test performs well in detecting subjects with formal alcohol disorders and those with hazardous alcohol intake.Using five of the 10 items on the questionnaire gives reasonable accuracy, and these are recommended as questions of choice to screen patients for alcohol problems.
Cloning of pigs bring xenotransplants closer
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Five piglets have been cloned from an adult female in a significant milestone on the road to successful organ transplants from pigs to humans. The cloning paves the way for the next step towards pig derived xenotransplants—the production of modified or so-called knock-out pigs, whereby a specific gene linked to hyperacute rejection in humans has been inactivated.

PPL Therapeutics, which cloned the piglets, predict that the market for solid organs alone could be worth $6bn (£3.75bn), with as much again from cellular therapies like transplantable cells for insulin production in diabetic patients.

The next step for PPL, which carried out its pig cloning …
Masked Depression &amp;ndash; An Ambiguous Entity
Authors: I. Modai, A. Bleich, Galia Cygielman
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1982)

The term 'masked depression' is not accepted in current psychiatric classification for three basic reasons: (1) It is not a unique type of a disease or a syndrome, but a state or a stage which is a part of the depressive syndromes. (2) No special list of symptoms which has enough specificity, reliability and validity can be drawn in order to describe this state. (3) The term 'masked' is vague, and is in contradiction to the basic necessity to describe what is observed in contrast to what is unobservable and masked. However, precise and scientific criteria may be unsuitable for diagnostic purposes in these cases which are quite common; thus an entity which has a deep meaning and begs recognition among general physicians may be ignored. In addition, diagnosis of such depression is very important to allow for suitable and adequate treatment procedures. Diagnostic problems, clarification of the term 'masked' and the procedures of diagnosis are discussed in the article.
Men, Money, and Medicine
Authors: Clifford Todd
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Ginzberg's 25 years of experience with the political economy of health seem to have led him to one major conclusion: effective reform of the medical system is rigidly bounded by economic constraints. These constraints are not only scarce manpower and money, but the realities of organization. In explaining these constraints, Ginzberg strips economic theory, industrial organization, and labor economics of their pedagogical complexities and tells it like it is in relatively simple language and easy-to-follow logic. Specifically, Ginzberg's strong points lie in three areas. He critically analyzes the common rhetoric of medical reform and implies that these fantasies only muddle-up the reform effort. Second, he shows that increasing the supply of health service personnel is necessarily an inadequate answer to the industry's problems. Third, he examines the economic nature of health industry's major participants—from the physician to the diploma nurse to the majority of workers, mainly unskilled females. Without understanding
Changes in residual volume during induced bronchoconstriction in healthy and asthmatic subjects.
Authors: R Pellegrino, B Violante, R Selleri, V Brusasco
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The increase of residual volume (RV) was investigated during acute bronchoconstriction induced in healthy subjects by methacholine (MCh) (Group 1, n = 13) and in asthmatics by MCh (Group 2, n = 21), or housemite dust (Group 3, n = 11) during early and late airway responses (EAR and LAR), or a series of deep breaths (Group 4, n = 7). In all subjects the difference between residual volume after partial (RVp) and maximal maneuver (RV), expressed as a percentage of control FVC, increased during bronchoconstriction and was correlated with the percent increase of maximal to partial flow ratio at 50% of control FVC (M/P50) (r = 0.854, p < 0.0001). At comparable reduction of partial expiratory flow at 50% of control FVC (VP50), the decreases of FEV1 and FVC were less in healthy than asthmatic subjects, whereas the change of FEV1/FVC was similar in all groups, reflecting similar change in slope of flow-volume curves. The increase of RVp was similar in all groups (range: 15 to 19%), but the increase of RV was 6 +/- 1% (SEM) in healthy subjects and significantly greater (range: 11.1 to 13.3%) in all groups of asthmatics (p < 0.02, analysis of variance [ANOVA]). The effect of deep inhalation (DI) on the airway caliber as assessed by the increase of M/P50 was higher in normal subjects than in all groups of asthmatics (p < 0.0001). A negative correlation was found between the increases of RV and M/P50 in all groups (r = -0.358, p < 0.01), suggesting that healthy subjects had a limited increase of RV because of a marked bronchodilator effect of DI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
On Theories and Rules of Procedure in Psychotherapy
Authors: Nathan Sidley
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 On Theories and Rules of Procedure in Psychotherapy Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Nathan Sidley Nathan Sidley Fourth District Court of Eastern Middlesex, Woburn, Mass Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1974) 24 (4-6): 384–388. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286770 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Nathan Sidley; On Theories and Rules of Procedure in Psychotherapy. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1974; 24 (4-6): 384–388. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286770 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 1974Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Dropout from Brief Psychotherapy within a Combination Treatment in Bulimia nervosa: Role of Personality and Anger
Authors: Secondo Fassino, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Andrea Pierò, Paolo Leombruni, Giovanni Giacomo Rovera
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2003)

To explore the personality, psychopathology, and clinical features of bulimic patients who do not complete psychotherapy, within a combined treatment.86 patients with bulimia nervosa (BN; DSM-IV) were evaluated before beginning treatment. The Eating Disorder Inventory II (EDI-II), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), and the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) were administered to all patients.3 subjects failed to engage in psychotherapy. Comparing patients who dropped out (n = 28) with those who did not drop out from psychotherapy (n = 55), significant differences were found in some psychopathologic (EDI-II, STAXI) and personality (TCI) variables. In particular, patients who dropped out from the treatment were more impulsive and more likely to feel anger; they were also less cooperative and less self-directive. No significant differences in sociodemographic, clinical variables and in response to fluoxetine were found between the two groups (dropout and completers).We found a characteristic profile in the bulimic patients who dropped out from brief psychotherapy, i.e., they are less cooperative and more predisposed to anger. These data suggest that dropping out in a subgroup of BN patients could be related to borderline personality traits and to difficulties in making and maintaining a therapeutic relationship. Implications for treatment are discussed.
Natural Killer Cell Accumulation in Tumors Is Dependent on IFN-γ and CXCR3 Ligands
Authors: Marco Wendel, Ioanna E. Galani, Elisabeth Suri-Payer, Adelheid Cerwenka
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Several studies have correlated high numbers of tumor-infiltrating natural killer (NK) cells with a good prognosis for cancer patients. Our study aimed at identifying factors controlling intratumoral NK cell accumulation in s.c. injected NK cell sensitive tumor models and at studying their effect on survival time of recipient mice. We observed that fewer NK cells infiltrated the tumors in IFN-γ receptor knockout (IFN-γR−/−) mice compared with wild-type controls that correlated with decreased survival rate. Exogenous application of IFN-γ in the tumor augmented levels of ligands of the chemokine receptor CXCR3, increased NK cell accumulation, and prolonged survival. Furthermore, our data show that CD27high NK cells, which under steady-state conditions express CXCR3, preferentially accumulated in the tumor tissue. Accordingly, significantly lower numbers of tumor-infiltrating NK cells were detected in CXCR3−/− mice, and the capacity of adoptively transferred CXCR3−/− NK cells to accumulate in the tumor was severely impaired. Finally, exogenous application of the CXCR3 ligand CXCL10 in the tumor or ectopic expression of CXCL10 by tumor cells increased the numbers of NK cells in the tumors and prolonged NK cell–dependent survival. Our results identify IFN-γ and the expression of CXCR3 on NK cells as prerequisites for NK cell infiltration into tumors. Exploiting strategies to augment NK cell accumulation in the tumor might lead to the development of effective antitumor therapies. [Cancer Res 2008;68(20):8437–45]
Killing of human melanoma cells by the membrane attack complex of human complement as a function of its molecular composition.
Authors: D E Martin, F J Chiu, I Gigli, H J Müller-Eberhard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

The efficiency of the membrane attack complex (MAC) in killing M21 melanoma cells was determined varying the molar ratio of cell-bound C9:C8. It was found that C5b-8 produced functional channels as evidenced by 86Rb release and propidium iodide uptake; cell killing occurred in the absence of C9 with greater than 5 X 10(5) C5b-8/cell; the maximal molar ratio of C9:C8 was 6.6:1; using nonlytic numbers of C5b-8 (4.7 X 10(5)/cell), greater than 90% killing ensued at a C9:C8 molar ratio of 2.8:1 at which approximately 9,000 poly C9/cell were formed, and 50% killing at a ratio of 1:1; (e) when the MAC was assembled on cells at 0 degree C, consisting of C5b-8(1)9(1), and unbound C9 was removed before incubation at 37 degrees C, killing was similar to that observed when poly C9 formation was allowed to occur. Thus, MAC lytic efficiency toward M21 cells may be enhanced by but does not depend on poly C9 formation.
Fixed drug eruption caused by dimenhydrinate
Authors: Sophia Giatrakou, Evangelia Papadavid, Dimitrios Kalogeromitros, Konstandinos Theodoropoulos, Eugenia Toumbis-Ioannou, Michalis Makris, Nikolaos G. Stavrianeas
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
Variation in total and specific IgE: Effects of ethnicity and socioeconomic status
Authors: Augusto A. Litonjua, Juan C. Celedón, Jonathan Hausmann, Margaret Nikolov, Diane Sredl, Louise Ryan, Thomas A.E. Platts-Mills, Scott T. Weiss, Diane R. Gold
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
Strontium ranelate may cause alopecia
Authors: M. Sainz, J. G. d. Pozo, L. H M. Arias, A. Carvajal
Journal: BMJ (2009)

From May 2005 to January 2008, the Spanish pharmacovigilance system received 56 reports in which strontium ranelate, a drug intended for the treatment of osteoporosis, was associated with different adverse reactions; five of them (8.9%) were reports of alopecia (table⇓; figure⇓). From the start of pharmacovigilance activities in Spain in 1982 up to January 2008, 102 540 reports were collected, of which 393 (0.4%) were cases of alopecia; the corresponding reports for postmenopausal women were 39 640, of which 205 (0.5%) cases were of alopecia.



Alopecia in case 3 (see table). This was accompanied by some features compatible with …
PWE-198 Propofol assisted endoscopy on day-case endoscopy unit—“the experience”
Authors: S V Murugesan, M Davies, N Haslam, H L Smart, S Sarkar
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patients intolerant of endoscopic procedure under conscious sedation subsequently have the procedure under a general anaesthetic. Provision of deep sedation (with propofol) has also been used in this setting. <h3>Aim</h3> To assess the safety profile and patient satisfaction with deep sedation using propofol for endoscopic procedures in a dedicated deep sedation endoscopy list. <h3>Methods</h3> Retrospective analysis of cases performed between June and December 2011. Cases were performed on a dedicated weekly “deep sedation” list supervised by a consultant anaesthetist in the endoscopy Unit. Anaesthetic records, case records and GI reporting tool (UNISOFT<sup>®</sup>) were interrogated for data. Satisfaction scores (score 1=unsatisfactory; 5=fully satisfied) were recorded for patients, anaesthetists and endoscopists post procedure. <h3>Results</h3> 40 patients, 19 (47.5%) female with a median age of 53 years (range 18–80 years), underwent propofol assisted endoscopy. Mean ASA grade was 2 (range 1–3). 24 (60%) had unsatisfactory endoscopy previously under conscious sedation for phobia, anxiety, pain (colonoscopy) and stricture requiring dilatation. <h3>Procedures</h3> 16 (40%) underwent radio frequency ablation of dysplastic lesion in Barrett9s oesophagus (HALO<sup>®</sup>) and 14 (35%) underwent colonoscopy, with the remainder undergoing ERCP (n=3, 7.5%), gastroscopy (n=2, 5%), ampullectomy (n=2, 5%), small bowel enteroscopy (n=1, 2.5%) and endoscopic ultrasound (n=2, 5%). Mean waiting time was 8 weeks. All procedures were successfully completed with mean duration of 33 min per procedure (range 10–70 min). Mean propofol dose administered was 333 mg (range 41–1178 mg) and in addition fentanyl (mean dose 50 μg), midazolam (mean dose 1.5 mg), hyoscine hydrobromide (20 mg) and intravenous paracetamol (1 g) were administered as required. No reversal agents were required for any of the procedures. <h3>Adverse Events</h3> Overall rate was 10% and minor. Transient hypoxia (SpO2 &lt;90%) in two patients, relieved with jaw thrust, one patient required an airway device and persistent hypotension in two patients required vasopressors. All patients were discharged as day-cases. There were no 7-day readmissions or 30-day mortality. Median satisfaction scores for the procedure were high for patients (5), for anaesthetists (5) and for endoscopists (5). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Anaesthetic led propofol assisted endoscopy is safe in a day-case endoscopy unit and is associated with high satisfaction scores for patient, anaesthetist and endoscopists. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Neonatal Gene Therapy of MPS I Mice by Intravenous Injection of a Lentiviral Vector
Authors: Hiroshi Kobayashi, Denise Carbonaro, Karen Pepper, Denise Petersen, Shundi Ge, Holly Jackson, Hiroyuki Shimada, Rex Moats, Donald B. Kohn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS I) is a lysosomal glycosaminoglycan (GAG) storage disorder caused by deficiency of α-l-iduronidase (IDUA). In this study, we evaluated the potential to perform gene therapy for MPS I by direct in vivo injection of a lentiviral vector, using an IDUA gene knockout murine model. We compared the efficacy in newborn versus young adult MPS I mice of a single intravenous injection of the lentiviral vector. The extent of transduction was dose-dependent, with the liver receiving the highest level of vector, but other somatic organs reaching almost the same level. The phenotypic manifestations of disease were partially improved in the mice treated as young adults, but were nearly normalized at every end-point measured in the mice treated as neonates. In the neonatally treated mice, the expressed IDUA activity resulted in decreased GAG storage, prevention of skeletal abnormalities, a more normal gross appearance, and improved survival. Most strikingly, significant levels of IDUA enzyme were produced in the brain of mice treated as neonates, with transduction of neurons at high levels. The sustained expression of enzymatically active IDUA in multiple organs had a significant beneficial effect on the phenotypic abnormalities of MPS I, which may be translated to clinical gene therapy of patients with Hurler disease.
Susceptibility of aspirin bleeding.
Authors: M J Langman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

and child psychiatrist are also needed for the regular assessment of the child's devel- opmental progress and to help with the emotional problems which arise commonly in children requiring a special and rather unpalatable diet for many years.The greatest danger in treatment arises from brain damage, and even death, result- ing from too severe restriction of dietary phenylalanine, and we have had children referred to us in whom it seemed likely that severe mental retardation was thle result of such dietary mismanagement.A regular prompt laboratory service for phenylalanine estimations is thus essential.We, therefore, suggest that centralization of the processing of the screening procedure, confirmation of the diagnosis,
A new automatic computer method for measuring mean flow convergence radius from color MQ modes provides more accurate flow rate estimates: In-vitro and animal studies of mitral regurgitation
Authors: Robin Shandas, Paulo Golebiovski, Lilliam Valdes-Cruz, Michael Jones, Azucena Murillo, Izumi Yamada, David J. Sahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Thomas John Stuart Merrington Black
Authors: J. Black, J. Black, A. Black
Journal: BMJ (2010)

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