tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PPARγ expression profile and its cytokine driven regulation in atopic dermatitis
Authors: A. Dahten, S. Mergemeier, M. Worm
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Recent studies point to the pathophysiological role of the peroxisome proliferators‐activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) in the inflammatory immune response. We have showed that activation of PPARγ by specific ligands attenuates the allergic immune response via monocytes and lymphocytes. The objective of this study was to analyse the PPARγ expression and its regulation via inflammatory cytokines. Methods: We examined the PPARγ expression in the lesional and nonlesional skin of atopic patients by immunohistochemistry. The expression patterns of PPARγ mRNA and its isoforms were investigated in peripheral mononuclear blood cells of atopic and nonatopic donors and in cytokine‐stimulated populations by quantitative real‐time RT‐PCR. Results: Our data show an increased PPARγ expression in lesional skin from atopic dermatitis patients. The analysis of PPARγ mRNA reveals a significantly up‐regulated expression of PPARγ1 but not of PPARγ2 in monocytes and CD4 + T‐cells from atopic dermatitis patients. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Th‐cytokines, like IL‐4, IL‐13 and IFNγ, which regulate the biphasic atopic immune response, directly regulate the expression of PPARγ1. Conclusion: Taken together, these data demonstrate that PPARγ isoforms are differently expressed and regulated by the local cytokine‐milieu. Whether the increased expression of the PPARγ1 receptor may be beneficial or not for a PPARγ ligand‐based treatment of atopic dermatitis, is currently under investigation.
THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF PSORIASIS.
Authors: A. TICKNER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1961)

Journal Article THE BIOCHEMISTRY OF PSORIASIS. Get access A. TICKNER A. TICKNER Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 73, Issue 3, 1 March 1961, Pages 87–98, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1961.tb14413.x Published: 01 March 1961
THE IMPACT OF EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE FOR THE PREDICTOR OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS BY USING 320-MDCT - COMPARISON TO ABDOMINAL VISCERAL ADIPOSE TISSUE -
Authors: Toyoaki Matsushita, Hiroki Hayashi, Chika Kato, Hiromichi Miyabe, Kazuyuki Kaigawa, Takaaki Sato
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Ghrelin mediates stress-induced food-reward behavior in mice
Authors: Jen-Chieh Chuang, Mario Perello, Ichiro Sakata, Sherri Osborne-Lawrence, Joseph M. Savitt, Michael Lutter, Jeffrey M. Zigman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

The popular media and personal anecdotes are rich with examples of stress-induced eating of calorically dense "comfort foods." Such behavioral reactions likely contribute to the increased prevalence of obesity in humans experiencing chronic stress or atypical depression. However, the molecular substrates and neurocircuits controlling the complex behaviors responsible for stress-based eating remain mostly unknown, and few animal models have been described for probing the mechanisms orchestrating this response. Here, we describe a system in which food-reward behavior, assessed using a conditioned place preference (CPP) task, is monitored in mice after exposure to chronic social defeat stress (CSDS), a model of prolonged psychosocial stress, featuring aspects of major depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Under this regime, CSDS increased both CPP for and intake of high-fat diet, and stress-induced food-reward behavior was dependent on signaling by the peptide hormone ghrelin. Also, signaling specifically in catecholaminergic neurons mediated not only ghrelin's orexigenic, antidepressant-like, and food-reward behavioral effects, but also was sufficient to mediate stress-induced food-reward behavior. Thus, this mouse model has allowed us to ascribe a role for ghrelin-engaged catecholaminergic neurons in stress-induced eating.
The Use of Testosterone in the Treatment of Depressions
Authors: Mark D. Altschule, Kenneth J. Tillotson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

Sex hormones and related substances have been used in the treatment of depressions for a number of years. Although the use of estrogenic substances of various types has yielded disappointing results in deeply depressed women, the injection of testosterone has been known for a decade or more to cause remission in male patients with depressions, provided large doses are used. Danziger and Blank1 reviewed the earlier clinical literature bearing on this point; a more recent review by Danziger et al.2 is also available. The rationale for the use of testosterone in the past has been that of replacement therapy in . . .
Relation between general practices' outpatient referral rates and rates of elective admission to hospital.
Authors: A Coulter, V Seagroatt, K McPherson
Journal: BMJ (1990)

ABSTRACT. Recent advances in high-density DNA microarray technique allow the possibility to analyze thousands of genes simultaneously for their differential gene expression patterns in various biologic processes. Through clustering analysis and pattern recognition, the significance of these differentially expressed genes can be recognized and correlated with the biologic events that may take place inside the cell and tissue. High-density DNA microarray nylon membranes were used to explore gene expression and regulation associated with smoke- and hydrogen peroxide–induced injury and repair in differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells <i>in vitro</i>. At least three phases of change in gene expression could be recognized. The first phase seems to be an immediate event in response to oxidant injury. This phase includes the induction of bcl-2 and mdm2 genes that are involved in the regulation of apoptosis, and the mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 that functions as a regulator for various mitogen-activated protein kinase activities. The second phase, usually 5 h later, includes the induction of various stress proteins and ubiquitin, which are important in providing the chaperone mechanism and the turnover of damaged macromolecules. The third phase, which is 5 to 10 h later, includes the induction of genes that seem to be involved in reducing oxidative stress by metabolizing the cellular level of reactive oxygen species. In this phase, enzymes associated with tissue and cell remodeling are also elevated. These results demonstrated a complex gene expression array by bronchial epithelial cells in response to a single insult of oxidants that are relevant to environmental pollutants. E-mail: rwu@ucdavis.edu
Correlation between the tissue response and asbestos fiber content
Authors: A. G. Heppleston
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

Asbestos fiber concentration increases in proportion to the degree of pulmonary fibrosis as far as the moderate grade. No such correlation occurs with severe asbestosis, nor with the morphological form which the fibrosis assumes, and here secondary factors may be concerned. Electron microscopy suggests that optically visible fibers constitute a reasonably constant proportion of the total irrespective of the pathological reaction. Light microscopy may thus afford a guide to the total asbestos concentration. Finally, the development of mesothelioma, whether of the pleura or the peritoneum, appears to be unrelated to the concentration of coated or uncoated asbestos fibers residing in the lung.
Allergenic Profile Differences In Individuals Sensitized To House Dust And Storage Mites In Different Climatic And Geographical Areas
Authors: V. Iraola, M. Morales, A. Huertas, M. Boquete, F. Rodriguez, J. Bartra, M. Paniagua, S. Díaz Angulo, F. Carballada, J. Carnes
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Giving aspirin and ibuprofen after myocardial infarction
Authors: S. E Kimmel
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Clinical consequences are still unknown 

Aspirin is a highly effective antiplatelet agent that is used by millions of people to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.1 2However, a recent pharmacodynamic study showed that ibuprofen, a non-aspirin, non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory drug, can inhibit the antiplatelet effects of aspirin.3 This effect occurred in people who took daily ibuprofen before taking aspirin or in those taking ibuprofen regularly. Participants who took a single daily ibuprofen after aspirin did not exhibit an inhibitory effect. It is therefore possible that ibuprofen, if taken regularly or before daily aspirin, could reduce or even negate the beneficial effects of aspirin. If this interaction is clinically relevant it could have enormous public health implications because non-aspirin nonsteroidals are among the most commonly used drugs in the world.4

Designing studies to address the clinical relevance of this interaction presents some unique challenges. The ideal study would accurately measure the use of aspirin and ibuprofen, both prescription and non-prescription, and their frequency of use in the period immediately preceding the outcome. Reliance on prescription records or one time assessments of medication use at baseline are likely to be inaccurate for several reasons. …
834 ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY AND CHANGES IN B-LYMPHOCYTE STIMULATOR PROTEIN LEVELS DURING TREATMENT WITH ALBINTERFERON ALFA-2B/RIBAVIRIN IN PRIOR INTERFERON-THERAPY NONRESPONDERS
Authors: V. Rustgi, D. Nelson, V. Balan, M. Sulkowski, J.G. McHutchison, M. Fiscella, P. Cronin, E. Pulkstenis, G.M. Subramanian
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Can Cow Milk Specific IgE classes Predict Corresponding Prick Skin Test and Clinical Reactivity?
Authors: B.K. Rowland, L. Arguelles, D.M. Caruso, K.E. Meyer, A. Oest, J.S. Birne, K.E. Schwarz, M. Konopka, J. Schanta, R. Kumar, J.A. Pongracic, X. Wang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy in a Child With Follicular Bronchiolitis
Authors: STEVEN R. BOAS, MARTIN CHARRON, JOCYLINE LEDESMA-MEDINA, BLAKESLEE E. NOYES, GEOFFREY KURLAND
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Hypertrophic Osteoarthropathy (hoa) is a syndrome affecting the bones, soft tissue, and joints, often occurring in association with chronic pulmonary disorders. Radiography has traditionally been the imaging modality employed to confirm this diagnosis. However, radionuclide bone imaging provides a sensitive method for the detection of HOA and correlates well with the clinical manifestations. The authors's describe the case of a child with HOA in association with follicular bronchiolitis, a rare chronic pulmonary disorder, whose HOA was diagnosed by radionuclide imaging.
Megatrials for Clinical Decision Making
Authors: Karl-Ludwig Resch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 October 1996Megatrials for Clinical Decision MakingKarl-Ludwig Resch, MD, PhDKarl-Ludwig Resch, MD, PhDUniversity of Exeter, Exeter EX2 4NT, United KingdomSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-7-199610010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Borzak and Ridker [1] highlight some established strengths and weaknesses of meta-analyses. In contrast to Chalmers [2] and Charlton [3], however, they provide a much less balanced view of large-scale randomized, controlled trials.Is it helpful to use examples of megatrials with sample sizes of 60 000 to 70 000 patients to advocate megatrials, when respective meta-analyses include scarcely 2000 patients? In fact, the two examples with comparable patient numbers (although several times larger than 2000) showed no substantial differences between the two approaches. If anything, one could conclude that evidence from more cases is more reliable.... References1. Borzak S, Ridker PM. Discordance between meta-analyses and large-scale randomized, controlled trials. Examples from the management of acute myocardial infarction. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:873-7. Google Scholar2. Chalmers TC. Antioxidants and cardiovascular disease: why do we still not have the answers? [Editorial] Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:887. Google Scholar3. Charlton BG. Mega-trials: methodological issues and clinical implications. J R Coll Physicians Lond. 1995; 29:96-100. Google Scholar4. Sackett DL, Oxman AD, eds. The Cochrane Collaboration Handbook. 1996; Cochrane Collaboration Homepage: http://hiru.mcmaster.ca/cochrane/default.htm. Google Scholar5. Antman EM, Lau J, Kupelnick B, Mosteller F, Chalmers TC. A comparison of results of meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials and recommendations of clinical experts: treatments for myocardial infarctions. JAMA. 1992; 268:240-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Karl-Ludwig Resch, MD, PhDAffiliations: University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 4NT, United Kingdom PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byWhy Are Some Meta-Analyses More Credible Than Others? 1 October 1996Volume 125, Issue 7Page: 621KeywordsClinical trialsDecision makingEvidence based medicinePatient advocacySystematic reviews ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 October 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Hemolytic Anemia with Kaposi's Sarcoma
Authors: Lionel Zemek, Leroy Strom, Gary Gordon, Alberto Elguezabel
Journal: JAMA (1964)

AUTOIMMUNE hemolytic anemia is encountered in a number of diseases of different etiology and pathogenesis. In many instances the hemolysis may be of such intensity as to dominate the clinical picture.<sup>1</sup> The purpose of this paper is to describe an instance in which multiple idiopathic hemorrhagic sarcoma (Kaposi's sarcoma) occurred eight years after a hemolytic anemia had been first recognized and to comment on the possibility of a nosologic relationship between Kaposi's sarcoma and hemolytic anemia. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient was a 64-year-old Jewish female who had been in good health until eight years prior to admission when she developed a hemolytic anemia. No cause was determined and the patient was treated symptomatically with blood transfusions and steroids. The patient was doing well until a year prior to this admission, when higher doses of steroids and more frequent blood transfusions became necessary to control the anemia. Hepatosplenomegaly
Renal Cadmium and Essential Hypertension
Authors: Henry A. Schroeder
Journal: JAMA (1964)

A TRACE METAL accumulating in a metabolic organ with age may be suspected of influencing the development of an age-linked disorder. Cadmium accumulates in the human kidney with age,<sup>1, 2</sup>but there are wide geographical variations in concentration.<sup>3</sup>Small doses of cadmium given in water have been reported to produce hypertension in young female rats;<sup>4</sup>about 70% of both sexes exhibited hypertension by the 30th month of age, at renal concentrations less than those of man.<sup>5</sup>Patients with hypertension excreted many times more urinary cadmium than did normotensive subjects.<sup>6</sup>Therefore, human renal cadmium was evaluated in respect to the presence or absence of hypertension. Data on trace metals in human tissues from ten cities in the United States and from nine foreign countries were obtained from a study of over 400 necropsies.<sup>7-9</sup>Cases were classified as to cause of death into the major categories shown in the Table.
Foreign Body of the Heart
Authors: Lawrence Zaroff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

On Being a Doctor21 September 2004Foreign Body of the HeartLawrence Zaroff, MD, PhDLawrence Zaroff, MD, PhDFrom Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2160.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-6-200409210-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail For doctors practicing for 20 to 30 years, the chance of avoiding a malpractice suit is equivalent to a tadpole growing wings and becoming a monarch. Theoretically, lawyers go after doctors only when medical care is not up to community standards. No lawyer, not even the most outrageous, would consider suing a doctor who lost a patient because of a stab wound to the heart—if the doctor and patient were on top of Mt. Everest. At 30 degrees below zero, wearing 3 layers of mitts, a skilled surgeon without equipment and anesthesiologist would be helpless. Not that a few lawyers, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-2160.Current Author Address: Lawrence Zaroff, MD, PhD, 433 Bridgeway, Sausalito, CA, 94965; e-mail, [email protected]com. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byTopics in Medical Economics: Medical Malpractice 21 September 2004Volume 141, Issue 6Page: 479-480KeywordsChartsDiagnostic radiologyHeartLeft atriumLeft ventricleSplenectomyStenosisSternumSurgeonsThorax ePublished: 21 September 2004 Issue Published: 21 September 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Effects of Mental Stress in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: David S. Krantz, David S. Sheps, Robert M. Carney, Benjamin H. Natelson
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
On the evolutionary origins of revenge and forgiveness: A converging systems hypothesis
Authors: Richard J. Crisp, Rose Meleady
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract McCullough et al. argue that humans possess evolved computational systems for implementing retaliatory behavior that both deters aggression and promotes subsequent reconciliation. However, they do not apply this analysis to the sphere of intergroup relations. We believe their model can be usefully extended to this domain and discuss why this would be possible, pertinent, and productive.
Free fatty acid oxidation and carnitine levels in diphtheritic guinea pig myocardium
Authors: David R. Challoner, Hans G. Prols
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Previous studies from this laboratory and by Wittels and Bressler have suggested that myocardial carnitine depletion and an accompanying decrease in fatty acid oxidation may contribute to the myocardial disease associated with diphtheria. In addition, administration of carnitine was found to prolong survival of diphtheritic guinea pigs and improve ventricular function in diphtheritic dogs. The present studies document the hypothesis that the defect in myocardial carnitine, directly assayed, could be repleted in diphtheritic guinea pigs to whom carnitine was administered intraperitoneally. The decreased fatty acid oxidation previously reported only for homogenates was confirmed in an isolated perfused diphtheritic guinea pig heart preparation. The addition of L-carnitine to this perfusate augmented fatty acid oxidation to normal levels. Taken together, these and previous studies would support a pathogenetic role for carnitine depletion in diphtheritic myocarditis and suggest the possibility of experimental therapy with L-carnitine.
Quality of Care for Patients Hospitalized for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Peter K. Lindenauer, Penelope Pekow, Shan Gao, Allison S. Crawford, Benjamin Gutierrez, Evan M. Benjamin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2006)

Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is 1 of the 10 leading causes of hospitalization among adults in the United States.To evaluate the quality of care provided to patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of COPD and to determine whether hospital or patient characteristics influence treatment.Retrospective cohort study.360 hospitals throughout the United States.69,820 patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of COPD.Adherence to diagnosis and treatment recommendations contained in guidelines produced by the American College of Physicians and the American College of Chest Physicians; analyses of associations between hospital and patient characteristics and composite measures of performance.Of the 69,820 patients, 66,276 (95%) underwent chest radiography, 63,715 (91%) received supplemental oxygen, 67 515 (97%) received bronchodilators, 59,240 (85%) received systemic steroids, and 59,053 (85%) were given antibiotics. In total, 45,800 (66%) received this entire set of recommended care processes. Numerous participants received tests or treatments that were not beneficial: 16,607 (24%) were treated with methylxanthine bronchodilators, 10,051 (14%) had sputum testing, 8354 (12%) underwent acute spirometry, 4299 (6%) had chest physiotherapy, and 1409 (2%) were treated with mucolytic medications. Overall, 31,519 patients (45%) received at least 1 of these nonrecommended care elements, and 22,929 (33%) received ideal care, defined as all of the recommended care processes and none of the nonrecommended ones. Individual hospital performance varied widely; whereas older patients and women were more likely to receive ideal care than their counterparts, a higher annual volume of admissions for COPD was not associated with improved hospital performance.The study used administrative data, not chart review, and was limited to the inpatient management of COPD.The quality of care for patients hospitalized for acute exacerbations of COPD may be improved by increasing the use of systemic corticosteroid and antibiotic therapy, decreasing the use of unnecessary and potentially harmful treatments, and reducing variation in practice across hospitals.