tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P4-04-20: Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in inflammatory breast cancer
Authors: Cecile Colpaert, Melike Marsan, Peter Vermeulen, Luc Dirix, Steven Van Laere
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a rare and aggressive form of breast cancer with poor prognosis. Multimodal treatment including neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for IBC patients, with pathological complete response (pCR) being one of the most important prognostic factors. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) are an independent predictor of response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer (Denkert C. et al., 2010). In a search for multigene predictors of pCR in IBC using DNA micro-arrays, a 107 gene signature was found that distinguished between responders and non-responders. This signature was enriched for immunity-related genes showing that in IBC, as in non-IBC, response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is associated with immunity related processes (Bertucci F. et al., 2014). Standard H&amp;E stained sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded pre-treatment tumor tissue of 77 IBC patients were used to evaluate the presence of TILs according to the Denkert method: mononuclear cell infiltrates were considered to be intratumoral TILs when making direct contact with the tumor cells, while stromal TILs are mononuclear cells being present in the tumor stroma without making direct contact with tumor cells. Intratumoral TILs were observed in 10,4% (8/77) of the patients. Stromal TILs (strTILs ) were present in all tumors: in 35% (27/77) strTILs occupied less than 5% of the tumor stroma, in 62 % (48/77) strTILs occupied between 5 and 50% of the tumor stroma and 2,6% (2/77) were "lymphocyte predominant breast cancers (LPBC)" with strTILS occupying more than 50% of the tumor stroma. One LPBC was HER2 positive, the other one was triple negative. There was a significant association of strTILs with response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy: pCR was obtained in 13% of the patients with strTILs &amp;lt;5%, in 20% of the patients with strTILs between 5 and 50% and in both patients with LPBC (Chi 2 p=0,018). Tertiary lymphoid structures - lymphoid follicles with germinal centres, known to be associated with better clinical outcomes (Gu-Trantien C. et al., 2013) - were detected in 2.6% of the patients (2/77); both patients had a disease free survival of more than 3 years. This study shows that IBC tumors do not contain more TILs than non-IBC tumors and that, as in non-IBC, there is a positive association of stromal TILs with pCR in IBC. Further validation of these results and further study of lymphocyte subsets in IBC is warranted. Citation Format: Cecile Colpaert, Melike Marsan, Peter Vermeulen, Luc Dirix, Steven Van Laere, Inflammatory Breast Cancer International Consortium. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in inflammatory breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-04-20.
Abstract 1291: Reducing Door to Balloon Time in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Does a Decrease in Door to Balloon Time Translate Into a Reduction in Mortality?
Authors: Anneliese Flynn, Mauro Moscucci, David Share, Thomas Lalonde, Hameem Changezi, Arthur Riba, Hitinder S Gurm
Journal: Circulation (2009)
The Australian Health Care System
Authors: John W. Peabody
Journal: JAMA (1996)

AFTER EXAMINING the Australian health care system, readers should recall George Bernard Shaw's comment about 2 countries separated by a common language. The statement is more than just poetic when the subject is health. Any comparison of the United States with Australia is facilitated by a familiar nomenclature, a shared heritage, and a similar practice of medicine. The mortality and morbidity rates in the 2 countries are comparable. In addition, the existence of parallel public and private financing of services in both countries leaves an overall impression that little distinguishes Australia from the United States. Despite comparable outcomes and similar revenue sources, there are marked differences in the organization, funding, and delivery of health care in the 2 countries. Australia's system is financed by public and private sources that are designed to operate in parallel, while costs are regulated by a combination of global hospital budgets, strict fee schedules, and
Fortnightly Review: Diagnosis and management of Clostridium difficile infection
Authors: S. Tabaqchali, P. Jumaa
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Summary points</h3> Clostridium difficile is a major nosocomial pathogen causing illness ranging from antibiotic associated diarrhoea to antibiotic associated colitis and pseudomembranous colitis Antibiotic treatment is an important predisposing factor to C difficile associated disease, and elderly patients and those with serious underlying disease are especially at risk C difficile is nosocomially acquired and may cause outbreaks of illness by spreading directly from patient to patient or being acquired from the environment and from healthcare workers Diagnosis depends on clinical presentation and laboratory investigations (culture of C difficile and demonstration of toxins in stools), while sigmoidoscopy is occasionally helpful Treatment of C difficile infection should include stopping the implicated antibiotic, rehydration, and oral treatment with metronidazole or vancomycin, while severe complications may require emergency surgical intervention Control measures include isolation of infected patients, implementation of infection control practices, and introduction of strict antibiotic policies
Pulse oximetry oxyhemoglobin saturation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: David Bennett, Maria Grazia Pieroni, Pianigiani Lucrezia, Paolo Cameli, Francesca Tirelli, Antonella Fossi, Paola Rottoli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Pulse oximetry provides a non-invasive assessment of percentage of oxyhemoglobin saturation (SpO2).SpO2-pO2 correlation is strong in healthy subjects. Usually, respiratory failure in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is not associated to hypercapnia and hypoxemia reflects disease severity.  Aim of the present study was to validate the use of fingernail pulse oximetry SpO2 as a non-invasive method to monitor respiratory conditions in patients with IPF.  We performed a retrospective study from our IPF database to assess SpO2 vs. pO2 correlation in patients with IPF in different stages of their disease.  We collected 208 consecutive arterial blood gas analysis (ABGA) and fingernail SpO2 measurement in 51 patients with IPF. All data were collected while patients were at rest.  Fingernail SpO2 was 91.98±5.60 (%) and pO2 was 66.29±12.51 (mmHg) (M±SD). A significant correlation was found between fingernail SpO2 and oxyhemoglobin saturation directly assessed by blood gases analyzer (r 0.74, p  In IPF patients fingernail SpO2 is a reliable, non-invasive and repeatable measure that highly correlate with arterial pO2 and is indistinguishable from oxyhemoglobin saturation in ABGA. SpO2-pO2 correlation is not influenced by oxygen supplementation. Fingernail SpO2 should be considered suitable and safe in monitoring patients with IPF also in advanced stages while in oxygen-therapy.
Abstract 4821: Association of polymorphisms in TP53, CXCL2, MDM2, MDM4 and BCL2 genes and proliferative prostate diseases among Lebanese men
Authors: Ruhul H. Kuddus, Asmahan A. El Ezzi, Mohammed A. El-Saidi, Scott Baker, Wissam Zaidan
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Specific Aims: To investigate possible relationships between certain polymorphisms in p53 protein (TP53) gene, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL-2) gene, mouse double minute 2 homologue (MDM2) gene, MDM4 protein (MDM4) gene and B cell lymphoma 2 protein (BCL2) gene and benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa) among middle-aged Lebanese men. Methods: Blood was collected from volunteer prostate disease screening campaign participants ages 50-70. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leucocytes of 85 donors diagnosed with clinical PCa, 178 donors diagnosed with BPH, and 140 donors with no prostrate-related pathologies. The 72 Arg/pro polymorphism of TP53 gene, 801 G/A polymorphism of CXCL2 gene, 309 G/T polymorphism of MDM2 gene, 103 T/C and D153G polymorphisms of MDM4 gene and 938 C/A polymorphism of BCL2 genes was investigated by polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. The genotype of the subjects for each of the genes was determined and allelic frequency was calculated. Association between the genotypes and PCa and BPH was estimated by calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The relative risk (RR) of PCa or BPH for having a particular genotype was also calculated using MedCalc statistical software. The null hypotheses were rejected with a p value of &amp;lt;0.05%. Results: There is no association between the examined polymorphisms of the TP53 gene, CXCL2 gene, MDM2 gene and BCL2 gene and BPH or PCa. The ratio of C/T alleles for the 103 T/C locus and the ratio of D/G alleles for D153G locus of MDM4 are lower for subjects with PCa and BPH compared to the controls (p&amp;lt;0.01 for both loci). The ratio of (CC+CT)/TT is lower for subjects with PCa compared to the control (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.06-0.22, RR = 0.39, p&amp;lt;0.01), and BPH compared to the controls (OR = 0.17, 95% CI = 0.10-0.28, RR = 0.50, p&amp;lt;0.01); and the ratio of (GG+GD)/DD is higher for subjects with PCa compared to the control (RR = 1.86, p&amp;lt;0.01) and subjects with BPH compared to the controls (RR = 1.85, p&amp;lt;0.01). Conclusions: There is no statistically significant association between polymorphisms in TP53 gene, CXCL2 gene, MDM2 gene and BCL2 gene and PCa or BPH but the C allele of 103 T/C locus and the G allele of the D153G locus of MDM4 are risk factors for both PCa and BPH among Lebanese men. Citation Format: Ruhul H. Kuddus, Asmahan A. El Ezzi, Mohammed A. El-Saidi, Scott Baker, Wissam Zaidan. Association of polymorphisms in TP53, CXCL2, MDM2, MDM4 and BCL2 genes and proliferative prostate diseases among Lebanese men. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4821. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4821
THE PLASMA PROTEINS IN RELATION TO BLOOD HYDRATION
Authors: John P. Peters, Frederick S. Bruckman, Anna J. Eisenman, Pauline M. Hald, A. Maurice Wakeman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1932)

The preceding paper (1) of this series dealt with the serum proteins in chronic nephritis of the nephrotic type.A close relation was estab- lished between the concentration of protein in the serum and the occur- rence of edema.Evidence was presented to show that the serum protein reduction which involves only the albumin fraction was chiefly the product of two factors, loss of serum albumin in the urine and malnutrition.In this paper a similar analysis will be made of the serum proteins in acute nephritis.The total serum proteins were determined 85 times on 38 patients; in 55 instances in 22 cases the albumin and globulin fractions were separately determined.The ages of the patients ranged from 2 to 60 years.The infections which preceded and were presumably the etiological factors provoking nephritis, as well as the outcome of the disease, are tabulated below.
Abstract 2316: Characteristics of Patients with Idiopathic Ventricular Fibrillation Triggered by High Vagal Tone
Authors: Kotaro Fukumoto, Kyoko Soejima, Kojiro Tanimoto, Yoko Hagiwara, Toshiaki Sato, Shunichiro Miyoshi, Hirotaka Yada, Satoshi Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Idiopathic ventricular fibrillation has been reported recently. Some of these patients experience ventricular fibrillation (VF) only during the high vagal tone period, such as during sl...
Lobectomy tolerance in COPD patients
Authors: Alexey Petrunkin, Alexey Pichurov, Oleg Orzheshkovski, Evgeniy Sokolovich, Piotr Yablonski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Lung cancer is often associated with COPD. COPD patients have higher postoperative risk because of low respiratory reserve. Morbidity and mortality in these patients mounts to 60% and 10-14% respectively (Sekine Y., 2001, Subotich D., 2007).   Aim:  To investigate factors influencing the risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality and to determine criteria for lobectomy intolerance in COPD patients.   Material and methods:  279 patients underwent lobectomy from 2001 to 2008 were included in a retrospective study. Mean age was 61±12, male/female ratio – 204/75. Patients were divided in three groups according to recommendation of GOLD 2007. Group 1 – 154 non-COPD patients, group 2 – 47 patients with mild COPD and group 3 – 78 patients with moderate to severe COPD. Comorbidity of the patients was assessed by using of Charlson comorbidity index (CCI).   Results:  Morbidity and mortality were found to be increased in patients with more severe obstruction. Thus morbidity was 32% in nonCOPD patients, 34% - with mild COPD and 46% - with moderate to severe one. Mortality was 3.9, 8.5 and 12.8% respectively.  However multivariate analysis showed that severity of COPD and predicted postoperative FEV1 were not independent factors of morbidity and mortality.  Mortality in patients with ppoFEV1   CCI was found to be the only independent risk factor. Morbidity in patients with CCI ≥ 6 was 100%. Combination of CCI ≥ 6 and ppoFEV1    Conclusion:  ppoFEV1
Abstract 2271: Implementation of a Team-Based Approach for the Management of ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction Improves Symptom Onset to Treatment Time
Authors: James J McCarthy, Mary T Vooletich, Vinay R Julapalli, Gregory M Giesler, Bonnie Richter, William David, Richard N Bradley, David E Persse, Stefano Sdringola, Ali E Denktas, H. Anderson, Richard W Smalling
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 1906: CXCR4 is a novel target of cancer chemopreventative isothiocyanates in prostate cancer cells
Authors: Ali I. Amjad, Kozue Sakao, Avani R. Vyas, Sreenivasa R. Chinni, Rahul Parikh, Shivendra V. Singh
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Isothiocyanates (ITCs) derived from cruciferous vegetables, including phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) and sulforaphane (SFN), exhibit in vivo activity against prostate cancer in xenograft and transgenic mouse models, and thus are appealing for chemoprevention of this disease. Watercress constituent PEITC and SFN-rich broccoli sprout extract are under clinical investigation but the molecular mechanisms underlying their cancer chemopreventive effects are not fully understood. The present study demonstrates that chemokine receptor CXCR4 is a novel target of ITCs in prostate cancer cells. Exposure of prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, 22Rv1, C4-2, and PC-3) to pharmacologically applicable concentrations of PEITC, benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC), and SFN (2.5 and 5 μmol/L) resulted in downregulation of CXCR4 expression. None of the isothiocyanates affected secretion of CXCR4 ligand (stromal-derived factor-1). In vivo inhibition of PC-3 xenograft growth upon PEITC treatment was associated with a significant decrease in CXCR4 protein level. A similar trend was discernible in the tumors from SFN-treated TRAMP mice compared with those of control mice, but the difference was not significant. Stable overexpression of CXCR4 in PC-3 cells conferred significant protection against wound healing, cell migration, and cell viability inhibition by ITCs. Inhibition of cell migration resulting from PEITC and BITC exposure was significantly augmented by RNA interference of CXCR4. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that cancer chemopreventive ITCs suppress CXCR4 expression in prostate cancer cells in vitro as well as in vivo. These results suggest that CXCR4 downregulation may be an important pharmacodynamic biomarker of cancer chemopreventative ITCs in prostate adenocarcinoma. Citation Format: Ali I. Amjad, Kozue Sakao, Avani R. Vyas, Sreenivasa R. Chinni, Rahul Parikh, Shivendra V. Singh. CXCR4 is a novel target of cancer chemopreventative isothiocyanates in prostate cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1906. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1906
Chronic PTSD in Vietnam combat veterans: course of illness and substance abuse
Authors: J D Bremner, S M Southwick, A Darnell, D S Charney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The purpose of this study was to measure the longitudinal course of specific symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and related symptoms of alcohol and substance abuse and the effects of alcohol and substances on the symptoms of PTSD.A structured interview for the assessment of PTSD and alcohol and substance abuse, as well as other factors such as life stressors and treatment, was administered to 61 Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD.Onset of symptoms typically occurred at the time of exposure to combat trauma in Vietnam and increased rapidly during the first few years after the war. Symptoms plateaued within a few years after the war, following which the disorder became chronic and unremitting. Hyperarousal symptoms such as feeling on guard and feeling easily startled developed first, followed by avoidant symptoms and finally by symptoms from the intrusive cluster. The onset of alcohol and substance abuse typically was associated with the onset of symptoms of PTSD, and the increase in use paralleled the increase of symptoms. Patients reported a tendency for alcohol, marijuana, heroin, and benzodiazepines to make PTSD symptoms better, while cocaine made symptoms in the hyperarousal category worse. There was no relationship between treatment interventions and the natural course of PTSD.These findings suggest that symptoms of PTSD begin soon after exposure to trauma, that hyperarousal symptoms are the first symptoms to occur, that the natural course of alcohol and substance abuse parallels that of PTSD, and that specific substances have specific effects on PTSD symptoms.
Resource Utilization and Safety of Outpatient Management Following Intensive Induction or Salvage Chemotherapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia or Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Jennifer E. Vaughn, Megan Othus, Morgan A. Powell, Kelda M. Gardner, Donelle L. Rizzuto, Paul C. Hendrie, Pamela S. Becker, Paul S. Pottinger, Elihu H. Estey, Roland B. Walter
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

IMPORTANCE Adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) typically remain hospitalized after induction or salvage chemotherapy until blood cell count recovery, with resulting prolonged inpatient stays being a primary driver of health care costs.Pilot studies suggest that outpatient management following chemotherapy might be safe and could reduce costs for these patients.OBJECTIVE To compare safety, resource utilization, infections, and costs between adults discharged early following AML or MDS induction or salvage chemotherapy and inpatient controls.DESIGN Nonrandomized, phase 2, single-center study conducted at the University of Washington Medical Center.Over a 43-month period (January 1, 2011, through July 31, 2014), 178 adults receiving intensive AML or MDS chemotherapy were enrolled.After completion of chemotherapy, 107 patients met predesignated medical and logistical criteria for early discharge, while 29 met medical criteria only and served as inpatient controls.INTERVENTIONS Early-discharge patients were released from the hospital at the completion of chemotherapy, and supportive care was provided in the outpatient setting until blood cell count recovery (median, 21 days; range, 2-45 days).Controls received inpatient supportive care (median, 16 days; range, 3-42 days). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESWe analyzed differences in early mortality, resource utilization including intensive care unit (ICU) days, transfusions per study day, and use of intravenous (IV) antibiotics per study day), numbers of infections, and total and inpatient charges per study day among early-discharge patients vs controls.RESULTS Four of the 107 early-discharge patients and none of the 29 control patients died within 30 days of enrollment (P = .58).Nine early-discharge patients (8%) but no controls required ICU-level care (P = .20).No differences were noted in the median daily number of transfused red blood cell units (0.27 vs 0.29; P = .55)or number of transfused platelet units (0.26 vs 0.29; P = .31).Early-discharge patients had more positive blood cultures (37 [35%] vs 4 [14%]; P = .04)but required fewer IV antibiotic days per study day (0.48 vs 0.71; P = .01).Overall, daily charges among early-discharge patients were significantly lower than for inpatients (median, $3840 vs $5852; P < .001)despite increased charges per inpatient day when readmitted (median, $7405 vs $5852; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEEarly discharge following intensive AML or MDS chemotherapy can reduce costs and use of IV antibiotics, but attention should be paid to complications that may occur in the outpatient setting.
Abstract 4499: A Randomized Pilot Trial for Treatment of Large Bifurcation Lesions with Simultaneous Kissing Stents: PRECISE-SKS Trial
Authors: Samin Sharma, Subir S Labana, Prakash Krishnan, Javed Suleman, Michael C Kim, Pedro R Moreno, Angelica M Mares, Annapoorna S Kini
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Optimal stenting strategy for coronary bifurcation lesions continues to evolve with most of the earlier studies favoring stenting the main vessel (MV) over stenting both MV and the side-branch (SB). Simultaneous kissing stents (SKS) techniques involves deploying two stents simultaneously in both branches with guaranteed coverage of SB ostium, no stent deformation and excellent long-term results. Present SKS-Precise study is a randomized trial comparing SKS technique vs conventional stent strategy (CSS) of deploying stent in MV and provisional stent of the SB for the treatment of large bifurcation lesions (Duke type D). The primary endpoints were angiographic restenosis (>50% diameter stenosis of the target lesion) at 8-month and a major adverse cardiac events (MACE: TLR, stent thrombosis, MI or death) at 1-yr. A total of 100 pts were randomized (51 in SKS group and 49 in CSS group), with 1-yr clinical follow-up available in all pts and angiographic follow-up in 83 cases. The SB stenting in CSS group was needed in 28%. All pts received sirolimus-eluting stents (SES). Baseline clinical and angiographic variables were comparable, with lower angiographic success of SB in CSS. The SKS technique for large bifurcation lesions resulted in a trend towards better acute success and long-term patency, especially in the SB, compared to conventional stent technique. Therefore, SKS technique can be safely recommended in the treatment of the true large coronary bifurcations.



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Abstract 1369: Endothelial-Specific Overexpression of Nox2 Enhances Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis
Authors: Colin E Murdoch, Alison Brewer, Min Zhang, Davy Vanhoutte, Stephane Heymans, Ajay M Shah
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The Nox2 isoform of NADPH oxidase is reported to be involved in the development of cardiac fibrosis in response to chronic angiotensin II (AngII) infusion but the cellular source(s) of Nox2 involve...