tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tinea of vellus hair: an indication for systemic antifungal therapy
Authors: E. Gómez-Moyano, V. Crespo-Erchiga
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Topical antifungal treatment is indicated in tinea of glabrous skin, except in cases of extensive, multiple or recurrent lesions, or immunocompromised patients. However, in daily practice there are cases resistant to topical treatment despite these indications. Parasitism of the hair could be the cause behind the majority of isolated lesions of ringworm of hairless skin with a poor outcome with topical antifungal treatment.To present a prospective observational study of 13 cases of tinea of glabrous skin with topical antifungal resistance during the period 2007-2009.Cases were analysed from a clinical, mycological and therapeutic standpoint.The mean age was 7 years. Eight (62%) patients reported prior contact with an animal and 10 (77%) patients had received topical corticosteroids before visiting the dermatologist. Excoriation was observed in eight (62%) patients, and follicular micropustules were seen in 11 (85%). In all patients, some short thin hairs fell easily on to the slide during the skin scraping. In all patients all the few vellus hairs identified in direct examination were affected. All identified species were zoophilic or geophilic. All cases resolved after oral antifungal treatment.In tinea of glabrous skin with low response to topical antifungal treatment we must rule out tinea of the vellus hair. Infection by nonanthropophilic dermatophytes, previous corticosteroid therapy and excoriation might be predisposing factors. Parasitism of the vellus hair, observed by direct microscopy, should be another criterion for establishing systemic treatment from the onset, as is the case in tinea capitis.
Long‐Term Treatment with Oral Sustained‐Release Theophylline
Authors: Allan Bundgaard, Bent Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1982)

The treatment of chronic asthma with a sustained‐release rheophylline preparation was evaluated in a placebo controlled, 2 × 4 week, randomised, double‐blind study. The dose which would give serum theophylline levels in the range of 10–20 meg/ml had been previously determined for each patient. This individualization of dosage resulted in 80% of the patients having scrum content rations within the 10–20 meg/ml therapeutic range. The average daily close taken by males was 998.55 mg (range 700–1175 mg) and by females 778.1 (range 500–1000 mg). Of the 33 patients who completed the study 28 had less asthma during the theophylline period, lour did not respond and one did better during the placebo period. No serious side effects were reported. During theophylline therapy. patient's requirements for aerosol bronchodilators were significantly reduced.
Expression profiles during honeybee caste determination
Authors: Jay D Evans, Diana E Wheeler
Journal: Genome biology (2000)

Depending on their larval environment, female honeybees develop into either queens or workers. As in other polyphenisms, this developmental switch depends not on genomic differences between queens and workers but on the differential expression of entire suites of genes involved with larval fate. As such, this and other polyphenic systems can provide a novel tool for understanding how genomes and environmental conditions interact to produce different developmental trajectories. Here we use gene-expression profiles during honeybee caste determination to present the first genomic view of polyphenic development.Larvae raised as queens or workers differed greatly in their gene-expression patterns. Workers remained more faithful than queens to the expression profiles of younger, bipotential, larvae. Queens appeared to both downregulate many of the genes expressed by bipotential larvae and turn on a distinct set of caste-related genes. Queens overexpressed several metabolic enzymes, workers showed increased expression of a member of the cytochrome P450 family, hexameric storage proteins and dihydrodiol dehydrogenase, and young larvae overexpressed two putative heat-shock proteins (70 and 90 kDa), and several proteins related to RNA processing and translation.Large differences in gene expression between queens and workers indicate that social insect castes have faced strong directional selection pressures. Overexpression of metabolic enzymes by queen-destined larvae appears to reflect the enhanced growth rate of queens during late larval development. Many of the differently expressed genes we identified have been tied to metabolic rates and cellular responses to hormones, a result consistent with known physiological differences between queen and worker larvae.
In brief
Authors: S Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Bristol-Myers Squibb has raised the stakes in an effort to cut the prices of drugs to treat AIDS in Africa by announcing that it will sell two antiretroviral drugs in combination for $1 (66p) a day, just below the cost price. It is the first time that any drug manufacturer has made such a proposal.

The move came a week after rival pharmaceutical company Merck unveiled its own round of new price cuts, and it is further evidence that the drug industry is bowing to international pressure to increase supplies …
710. Stem Cell Gene Therapy: Synergizing Improved Gene Repair/Modification &amp; Targeted Integration of Transgenes to Transient In Vivo Topical Minigene Expression
Authors: Roger Bertolotti
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

With their self-renewing and homing/differentiative abilities, stem cells are the ideal targets for most gene therapy protocols: they are either long-term carriers of therapeutic genes or mobilized/recruted targets of transient regenerative processes (eg revascularization). Long term gene therapy is thus amenable to synergistic combinations where ex vivo/in vivo genetic engineering of stem cells associates to transient in vivo topical expression of minigenes encoding various homing/regenerative factors. Such a combination of long-term and transient gene therapy protocols stands as a powerful mean to tackle inherited and degenerative/acquired disorders. Indeed, transient magnification of stem cell regenerative potential, in which therapeutic homing is a key feature, should culminate in efficient targeted repopulation dynamics of engineered stem cells and differentiated derivatives in relevant tissues/organs, thereby providing appropriate gene therapeutics and life-long maintenance/replacement of therapeutic engineered cells. This long-term gene therapy strategy is hampered by a major safety concern: random integration of therapeutic DNA. However, promising site-specific integration vectors based on AAV rep or phage phiC31 integrase are at the pre-clinical stage. Unlike these approaches, gene targeting is driven by homologous recombination and has thus target flexibility. It mediates DNA exchanges between chromosomal and transfecting/transducing DNA, thereby providing the means to modify at will the sequence of target chromosomal DNA. Gene targeting stands thus as the ultimate process for gene repair/alteration and targeted (site-specific) transgene integration. It is however overwhelmed by random integration and is highly inefficient unless a double-strand break (DSB) hits target chromosomal DNA.
Sirolimus-eluting stent for treatment of complex in-stent restenosis
Authors: Muzaffer Degertekin, Evelyn Regar, Kengo Tanabe, Pieter C Smits, Willem J van der Giessen, Stephan G Carlier, Pim de Feyter, Jeroen Vos, David P Foley, Jurgen M.R Ligthart, Jeffrey J Popma, Patrick W Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Abstract 17927: Bayesian Hierarchical Meta-Analysis Clarifies the Trade-Off Between Bleeding and Stent Thrombosis in Trials Comparing Bivalirudin with Heparin During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: John A Bittl, Christopher D Lang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Calculating the net benefit between bleeding risks and ischemic complications of antithrombotic therapy remains challenging. Hypothesis: Hierarchical meta-analyses may allow inferences to be made about the parameter θ, which reflects the underlying hypothesis that one therapy is superior to another conditional on the types of risks associated with various end points in clinical trials. Methods: We employed Bayesian hierarchical meta-analyses of 10 randomized clinical trials randomizing 34,658 patients to either bivalirudin or heparin, with or without platelet glycoprotein inhibitors, during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Results: No difference was seen in the rate of death 30 days after using bivalirudin or heparin (OR 1.01, 95% Bayesian credible interval [BCI] 0.79-1.28), but the risk of major bleeding was lower (OR 0.58, 95% BCI 0.38-0.84) and the risk of definite stent thrombosis (ST) was higher (OR 1.86, 95% BCI 1.19-2.94) after using bivalirudin than after using heparin. For every 100 patients, using bivalirudin in place of heparin prevented 4.1 episodes of major bleeding episodes but caused 0.8 episode of definite ST. (Figure Legend: Probability density functions normalized to 1 for risk of major bleeding, death and definite stent thrombosis at 30 days after treatment with bivalirudin or heparin, with or without platelet glycoprotein inhibitors.) Conclusions: Neither bivalirudin nor heparin emerges as a preferred strategy in an analysis that accounts for mortality differences. Because bivalirudin reduces major bleeding at the cost of increased stent thrombosis, decisions between bivalirudin and heparin based on baseline bleeding risk and ST risk are likely to maximize net clinical benefit.
Gaucher disease types 1 and 3: Phenotypic characterization of large populations from the ICGG Gaucher Registry
Authors: Gregory A. Grabowski, Ari Zimran, Hiroyuki Ida
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Study of the natural history of Gaucher disease has revealed marked phenotypic variation. Correlations to genotypes could provide insight into individual susceptibility to varying disease severity, which may impact whole-life medical care, reproductive decisions, and therapeutic choices for affected families. Importantly, pre-symptomatic or prospective interventions or the use of therapies with significant risk require accurate risk-benefit analyses based on the prognosis for individual patients. The body of international data held within the International Collaborative Gaucher Group (ICGG) Gaucher Registry provides an unprecedented opportunity to characterize the phenotypes of Gaucher disease types 1 and 3 and to appreciate demographic and ethnic factors that may influence phenotypes. The diversity of GBA gene mutations from patients with Gaucher disease represented in the ICGG Gaucher Registry database and in the literature provides the basis for initial genotype/phenotype correlations, the outcomes of which are summarized here.
Abstract 17951: A Care Transition Bundle for Heart Failure Patients Impacts Hospital Care Access During the 30 Days Following Discharge
Authors: Christine M Thompson, Charlene Kell, Helene Grossman, Dipanjan Banerjee
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: As the leading cause for hospitalization in patients ≤ 65 years in the US, HF costs are expected to rise by 30% to $9.6 billion by 2030. Medical centers are instituting strategies to improve HF patient transitions from hospital to the community and reduce 30-day all-cause readmissions. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that implementing key interventions would reduce 30-day readmissions for HF patients as well as the number of ED visits and observation (OBS) stays. Methods: For all adult primary diagnosis HF patients discharged from our center, we used EMR data to count the number of encounters (inpatient admissions, ED visits, and OBS stays) in the 30 days after discharge. We compared results for consecutive 12 month periods pre- and post-implementation of our intervention bundle, using 2-tailed Z-test to test for statistical significance. Results: Baseline group was 443 discharges, with 102 readmits, 18 ED visits, and 8 OBS stays in the 30 days post-discharge; post-intervention there were 364 di...
Preventive Treatment of Bronchial Asthma and Hay Fever
Authors: Leon Unger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 April 1931Preventive Treatment of Bronchial Asthma and Hay FeverLEON UNGER, S. B., M. D.LEON UNGER, S. B., M. D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-4-10-1328 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe prophylactic treatment of bronchial asthma, hay fever and other allergic diseases has been much neglected. While other phases of these diseases have received increasing attention very little attention has been given to ways and means of preventing these illnesses."Allergy" is hypersensitiveness or idiosyncracy occurring in man. Many different parts of the body may be affected and symptoms will naturally depend on the part involved, and thus we may have the different members of the allergic group, namely, bronchial asthma; hay fever or pollenosis; hyperesthetic or allergic or vasomotor rhinitis; gastro-intestinal or abdominal allergy, ―sometimes called food allergy; eczema... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine Asthma and Hay Fever Clinic Northwestern University Medical School Chicago*From the Asthma and Hay Fever Clinic, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byManagement of bronchial asthma in children 1 April 1931Volume 4, Issue 10Page: 1328-1332KeywordsAllergic diseasesAllergic rhinitisAllergy and immunologyAsthmaEczemaFeversFood allergiesGastroenterology and hepatologyRhinitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1931 PDF downloadLoading ...
Ragweed sensitization in Europe – GA<sup>2</sup>LEN study suggests increasing prevalence<sup>1</sup>
Authors: G. J. Burbach, L. M. Heinzerling, C. Röhnelt, K.‐C. Bergmann, H. Behrendt, T. Zuberbier
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Ambrosia has now reached threshold for high prevalence allergen in Europe.
Abstract 15572: Trans Fat Consumption is Adversely Linked to Memory in Working-Age Adults
Authors: Beatrice A Golomb, Alexis K Bui
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Dietary industrial trans fatty acids ( dTFA ) have pro oxidant and cell energy harms . Food with anti oxidant and cell energy benefits has been favorably linked to word memory in younger adults, prior to major age-induced variance. Goal: We assessed the cross-sectional relation of dTFA to word-memory. Participants: 1018 adult men age ≥20 and post-menopausal women without CAD, with LDL 115-190mg/dL, fasting glucose ≤142mg/dL, assessed in 1999-2004 (before dTFA regulation). Primary analyses focused on men, as only men (N=694) were represented in younger adult ages. Measurements: “Recurrent words” ( RecWd ) assessed word memory. A Food Frequency Questionnaire ( FFQ ) estimated TFA (gms/day). An age-by-dTFA interaction was assessed. Regression, stratified at age 45, assessed the relation between RecWd and dTFA across models adjusting for potential confounders (see Table). Potential mediators were examined. Results: An age-by-dTFA interaction was significant (P=0.025), supporting stratification. dTFA adversely predicted memory in age &lt;45 (only), robust to adjustment model (Table). Findings were replicated in the full sample, including women (not shown). Each gm/day dTFA was associated with an estimated 0.76 fewer words recalled (full model), P=0.006 - yielding an estimated 11 fewer words at the highest dTFA intake vs none - from a mean of 86. Adjustment for SBP, waist and BMI (but not lipid or glycemic variables) attenuated the relationship, consistent with mediation by factors involving, relating to, or concurrently influencing, these factors. Conclusion: Greater dTFA was significantly associated with worse word memory in adults aged 20-45 years, often critical years for career building. dTFA findings remain relevant because US regulations do not extend worldwide, and presumed dTFA mechanisms have relevance to other exposures. Prooxidant and energetic detriments of dTFA and triangulation with other evidence offer prospects for causality.
Occurrence of the <i>JAK2 V617F</i> mutation in patients with peripheral arterial disease
Authors: Axel Muendlein, Elena Kinz, Klaus Gasser, Andreas Leiherer, Philipp Rein, Christoph H. Saely, Harald Grallert, Annette Peters, Peter Fraunberger, Heinz Drexel, Alois H. Lang
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

The acquired JAK2 V617F mutation is common in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. We previously showed that JAK2 V617F is also found in coronary patients, most of them affected by coronary atherosclerosis. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is another important manifestation of atherosclerosis. However, prevalence of the JAK2 V617F mutation and its effect on clinical or hematologic characteristics is unknown in PAD patients. In the present study we determined the prevalence of JAK2 V617F in a cohort of 287 patients with sonographically proven PAD and compared mutation frequency with mutational status of 997 healthy people from the KORA F4 study. JAK2 V617F screening and quantification of allele burden in both cohorts was performed with same allele-specific quantitative real-time PCR method. From a total of 287 PAD patients, 9 individuals were tested positive for the JAK2 V617F mutation. One patient showed elevated hemoglobin values, indicating polycythemia vera. Observed JAK2 V617F frequency (3.1%) in PAD patients showed a 5-fold, highly significant increase compared with healthy people (P < 0.001). Furthermore, occurrence of the mutation in PAD patients was significantly decreased in patients using aspirin (P = 0.003). We conclude that the prevalence of JAK2 V617F mutation is significantly increased in PAD patients compared to the general population. Future studies are warranted to confirm our observations and to define the underlying mechanisms behind our findings.
Regulation of Apoptosis and Inflammatory Responses by Insulin‐like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 in Fibroblast‐like Synoviocytes and Experimental Animal Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hwa‐Suk Lee, Seong Ji Woo, Hyoung‐Won Koh, Sun‐O Ka, Lu Zhou, Kyu Yun Jang, Hye Song Lim, Hyun‐Ok Kim, Sang‐Il Lee, Byung‐Hyun Park
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2013)

Objective Insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP‐3) is known to interfere with the NF‐κB signaling pathway, and it effectively promotes apoptosis in tumor cells by a variety of mechanisms. NF‐κB activation and apoptosis resistance of fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (FLS) play pivotal roles in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to evaluate whether IGFBP‐3 has antiarthritic effects. Methods To deliver IGFBP‐3, we used an adenovirus containing IGFBP‐3 complementary DNA (AdIGFBP‐3) or IGFBP‐3 mutant that is devoid of IGF binding affinity but retains IGFBP‐3 receptor binding ability (AdmtIGFBP‐3). The regulatory roles of IGFBP‐3 in inflammation and bone destruction were investigated in mice with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA). Results IGFBP‐3 levels were significantly higher in patients with RA than in those with osteoarthritis (OA) and were notably higher in patients with active RA. AdIGFBP‐3 suppressed NF‐κB activation, chemokine production, and matrix metalloproteinase secretion induced by tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in RA FLS. AdIGFBP‐3 sensitized RA FLS to TNFα‐induced apoptosis in vitro and also significantly increased apoptosis in an in vivo model of Matrigel implants engrafted into immunodeficient mice. AdIGFBP‐3–injected mice with CIA had attenuated arthritis severity and reduced radiologic and pathologic abnormalities. Moreover, AdIGFBP‐3 down‐regulated local and systemic levels of NF‐κB–targeted proinflammatory cytokines. Of note, RA FLS and mice with CIA treated with AdmtIGFBP‐3 exhibited similar effects as those treated with AdIGFBP‐3. Conclusion Our results suggest that both the inflammatory response and bone destruction are reduced with blockage of NF‐κB activation and induction of apoptosis in RA FLS by IGFBP‐3. Therefore, IGFBP‐3 may have therapeutic potential in RA.
CD8+ T cells are predominantly protective and required for effective steroid therapy in murine models of immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Li Ma, Elisa Simpson, June Li, Min Xuan, Miao Xu, Laura Baker, Yan Shi, Issaka Yougbaré, Xiaozhong Wang, Guangheng Zhu, Pingguo Chen, Gerald J. Prud’homme, Alan H. Lazarus, John Freedman, Heyu Ni
Journal: Blood (2015)
Comparative effectiveness of immediate antiretroviral therapy versus CD4-based initiation in HIV-positive individuals in high-income countries: observational cohort study
Authors: Sara Lodi, Andrew Phillips, Roger Logan, Ashley Olson, Dominique Costagliola, Sophie Abgrall, Ard van Sighem, Peter Reiss, José M Miró, Elena Ferrer, Amy Justice, Neel Gandhi, Heiner C Bucher, Hansjakob Furrer, Santiago Moreno, Susana Monge, Giota Touloumi, Nikos Pantazis, Jonathan Sterne, Jessica G Young, Laurence Meyer, Rémonie Seng, Francois Dabis, Marie-Anne Vandehende, Santiago Pérez-Hoyos, Inma Jarrín, Sophie Jose, Caroline Sabin, Miguel A Hernán
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2015)
Explaining phenotype heterogeneity in patients with psoriasis
Authors: E. Christophers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Explaining phenotype heterogeneity in patients with psoriasis Get access E. Christophers E. Christophers Department of Dermatology, Schleswig‐Holstein University Clinic, Kiel, Germany Correspondence: Enno Christophers. E‐mail: echristophers@dermatology.uni‐kiel.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 3, 1 March 2008, Pages 437–441, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08307.x Published: 01 March 2008
Differential Effect of Ionizing Radiation on Mammary Tumor Virus Activity Associated With Blood Cells and Mammary Tumor Cells2
Authors: S. Nandi, Cheryl Helmich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Studied were the effects of different doses of X-rays and γ-rays on mammary tumor virus (MTV) activity associated with blood, bone marrow, and mammary tumor cells. Irradiation with doses as high as 5000 and 10,000 rads had no adverse effect on MTV activity associated with mammary tumor cells or cell-free extracts of mammary tumors. In contrast, MTV activity associated with blood or with bone-marrow cell colonies in spleen (BMCCS) was inactivated at radiation dose levels of ≥ 1100 rads. The inactivation of BMCCS, or blood cell-associated MTV, could not be accounted for by a delay in its appearance in the peripheral circulation, nor were the results affected by the use of test mice with highly stimulated mammary glands for the MTV assay. These results provide a simple method for selective destruction of MTV activity associated with blood cells and suggest that cell division might be a prerequisite for the expression of the MTV activity in these cells.