tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10548: The Novel Calmodulin-Related Proteins, Death Associated Protein Kinase 3 and Eukaryotic Elongation Factor 2 Kinase Mediate Inflammation and Apoptosis in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Tatsuya Usui, Muneyoshi Okada, Yukio Hara, Hideyuki Yamawaki
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Calmodulin (CaM) is associated with a variety of cell functions including muscular contraction. It is recently clarified that CaM-related proteins are responsible for cardiovascular diseases. Moreo...
Abstract P38: Re-arrest is Rare During Air Ambulance Transport of Post-Cardiac Arrest Patients
Authors: Bryn E Mumma, Amy Hartke, Francis X Guyette, Clifton W Callaway, Jon C Rittenberger
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Patients successfully resuscitated from cardiac arrest (CA) can benefit from integrated multidisciplinary care. This care may be volume and resource-dependent. Short transfer delays from scene to tertiary care hospitals have not been shown to adversely affect outcome following CA. Our objectives were to determine the rate of re-arrest and the rate of other critical events during air ambulance transport of resuscitated CA patients.  Methods: Retrospective chart review of CA patients transported via air ambulance to a single tertiary care facility between 1–1–2001 and 10 –23–2008. Data abstracted included demographics, presumed etiology, arrest rhythm, re-arrest, in-flight critical events and medications, hospital interventions, and outcome. Critical events were classified as hypotension (SBP  Results: We reviewed 206 charts; 59 were excluded for trauma. Of the remaining 147 patients, the average age was 61±15 years and 97 (65%) were male. VF/VT was the most common rhythm (54%); 73% of patients were comatose (GCS ≤8). Transport infusions included vasopressors (53%), anti-arrhythmics (42%), heparin (42%) and nitroglycerin (15%). Eight patients (5%) re-arrested in flight; however, three of these patients had good outcomes. Forty-one (28%) experienced a critical event. Cardiac interventions were common: 84 (59%) patients received coronary catheterization, 51 (36%) received a stent, and 21 (15%) received AICD. Hypothermia was administered to 24 patients (17%). Seventy-one patients (49%) survived and 59 (41%) had a good outcome.  Conclusion: Critical events during transfer of CA patients to specialty care are common, including a 5% incidence of re-arrests. Rapid transport using air ambulance capable of in-transport critical care may optimize patient safety.
The Questioning Clinician
Authors: Anne Lifflander
Journal: JAMA (2015)

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Abstract 3639: Diabetes Mellitus as a Predictor of Decreased Regional Myocardial Function in an Adult Population without Clinical Cardiovascular Disease: The Tagged MRI Follow-up Study of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Veronica R Fernandes, Boaz D Rosen, Susan Cheng, Yu Jen Cheng, Hossein Bahrami, Robyn L McClelland, Antoinette Gomes, David A Bluemke, Joao A Lima
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Diabetes is a known risk factor for heart failure (HF) morbidity and mortality, but no longitudinal studies have been reported evaluating whether diabetes is related to changes over time in regional left ventricular (LV) myocardial function. Objective: To assess the relationship between diabetes and temporal change in regional LV systolic function, as assessed by tagged cardiac MRI studies. Methods: Regional systolic circumferential strain (Ecc) from consecutive studies was analyzed by HARP at 2 separate points in time (average= 3.7 years) in 181 asymptomatic participants in MESA. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the difference in the temporal change strain ([Ecc2-Ecc1]/time in years) in those with and without diabetes at baseline. Model 1 included baseline Ecc and diabetes, Model 2 further adjusted for age and gender. Model 3 additionally adjusted for hypertension. Results: Among the 181 participants (103 female), average age was 61.5 years and 19 had diabetes. Average ...
Comparison of contrast-enhanced CT, PET/CT, PET, and low-dose non-contrast enhanced CT imaging of diffuse large B-cell (DLBCL), follicular (FL), small lymphocytic/CLL (CLL/SLL), and marginal zone lymphomas (MZL).
Authors: E. A. Chong, D. A. Torigian, A. Alavi, J. Svoboda, S. Nasta, L. H. Downs, S. J. Schuster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

8079 Background: Anatomic imaging by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT), functional imaging by 18FDG- PET (PET), and low-dose non-contrast enhanced CT (NECT) co-registered with PET (PET/CT) is used for detection of lymphomas. We compared the sensitivity of detection of specific lymphomas for each of these imaging modalities. Methods: Patients (pts) with DLBCL, FL, CLL/SLL, or MZL with PET/CT and CECT studies performed at our institution within 6 weeks of each other without intervening therapy were studied. Radiologists, blinded to clinical information and other imaging results, separately interpreted image sets of NECT, PET, fusion PET/CT, and CECT studies. The presence or absence of disease at 44 nodal and 48 (female) / 49 (male) extranodal sites was recorded for each site for each imaging modality. Concordant findings across imaging modalities were defined as positive for involvement by lymphoma; discordant findings were reconciled using all available clinical and radiologic information with follow-up for progression or regression of abnormality, or by biopsy. Results: 56 pts with DLBCL (n=31), FL (n=13), CLL/SLL (n=5), and MZL (n=7) had image sets available for review; 305 sites met criteria for involvement by lymphoma (DLBCL = 89, FL = 98, MZL = 45, CLL/SLL = 73). PET/CT had a higher sensitivity of lymphoma detection than CECT in DLBCL (difference in sensitivity 28% [95%CI 15-40], p < 0.0002) and FL (difference in sensitivity 12% [95%CI: 1-23], p = 0.02). CECT had a higher sensitivity of lymphoma detection than PET/CT in MZL (difference in sensitivity 18% [95%CI 1-34], p = 0.035) and CLL/SLL (difference in sensitivity 34% [95%CI 19-48], p < 0.0002). CECT had a higher sensitivity than NECT in FL (difference in sensitivity = 26% [11-38], p < 0.0002), MZL (difference in sensitivity 22% [95%CI 5-38], p = 0.011), and CLL/SLL (difference in sensitivity = 25% [95%CI 5-38], p < 0.0004), but not in DLBCL. Conclusions: The optimal modality for imaging lymphoma depends on the specific lymphoma. For DLBL and FL, PET/CT is superior to CECT. Conversely, CECT is superior to PET/CT imaging in CLL/SLL and MZL. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 1624: Myocardial Fibrosis is associated with Reduced Longitudinal Strain Pattern in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Despite Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction: A Multi-modality Imaging Study
Authors: Micky Mishra, Zoran B Popovic, Deborah H Kwon, Carmel Halley, Maran Thamilarasan, Paul Schoenhagen, Scott D Flamm, Harry M Lever, Milind Y Desai
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: There is a high prevalence of myocardial fibrosis in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients, despite preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Association of myocardial fibrosis and longitudinal strain (LS) in such patients is not well understood. Methods: We studied 46 consecutive HCM patients (mean age 43±14 years, 30 men) who had transthoracic echocardiography (TTE, GE Medical, USA) and delayed hyper-enhancement magnetic resonance imaging (DHE-MRI, Siemens 1.5 T scanner, Germany), 20 minutes after injection of 0.2 mmol/kg of Gadolinium. Speckle tracking TTE was used to assess LS in LV (segmental and global) (EchoPac, GE Medical, USA). Fibrosis was determined semi-automatically on DHE-MR images, in a 12-segment short-axis model (apex, mid and base) of LV using custom software (Siemens Research) &amp; defined as intensity &gt;2 standard deviation above viable myocardium. Results: Global end-systolic LS correlated with number of fibrotic segments (r = 0.50, p = 0.0004; Figure ) and total myocardial fibrosis % (r = 0.43, p = 0.001). Association of fibrosis and regional LS is shown in Table . In a multivariate analysis, predictors of lower segmental LS were presence of fibrosis and basal segment location (both p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Myocardial fibrosis is associated with depressed global and regional LS in HCM patients, despite preserved global LVEF. Table
Abstract 9975: Midwall Late Gadolinium Enhancement Predicts Mortality in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ankur Gulati, Jahanzaib Khwaja, Kaushik Guha, Sadaf Raza, Kishen Morarji, Tevfik Ismail, Elisa Di Pietro, Francesco Secchi, Tristan Brown, Natasha Davendralingham, Winston Banya, Yousef Daryani, Andrew Jabbour, Dudley Pennell, Sanjay Prasad
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Small studies with composite endpoints show that midwall late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) predicts short term adverse prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We hypothesized that midwall LGE is an independent predictor of mortality over a long follow-up period. Methods: Consecutive patients with DCM referred for CMR between 2002-2008 were prospectively enrolled. The diagnosis of DCM was made using clinical, CMR and coronary angiographic findings. Patients with ischemic heart disease, primary valvar disease and infiltrative CM were excluded. LGE-CMR at 1.5T (Siemens Sonata or Avanto, Germany) was performed in 2 phase-encoding directions. The presence of midwall LGE was determined by a specialist blinded to all outcome data. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The secondary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular (CV) mortality or cardiac transplantation. Results: Two hundred and thirty patients (157 male, mean age 50 yrs, mean LVEF 35%) were followed up for a median duration of 44 months. Midwall LGE was identified in 87 (38%) patients. No patient was lost to follow-up. There were 33 deaths (26 CV deaths, 7 non-cardiac) and 7 patients underwent cardiac transplantation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant association between the presence of midwall LGE and both the primary (p=0.02, Fig.1) and secondary (p=0.003) endpoints. Midwall LGE remained a significant independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.7; p=0.035) and CV mortality/transplantation (HR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.0; p=0.007) on stepwise Cox regression multivariable analysis allowing for conventional outcome predictors. Conclusions: Midwall LGE is a significant independent predictor of both all-cause mortality and CV mortality/transplantation in DCM. Detection of midwall LGE by CMR represents an important and novel marker for the risk stratification of DCM patients.
Abstract 2547: Impact of Tissue characteristics of Coronary Plaque on Distal Embolization after Stent Deployment Evaluated by Integrated Backscatter Intravascular Ultrasound
Authors: Munenori Okubo, Masanori Kawasaki, Yoshiyuki Ishihara, Tomoki Kubota, Takahiko Yamaki, Shinsuke Ojio, Eisyun Horibe, Kazuhiko Nishigaki, Masanao Saio, Hisayoshi Fujiwara, Shinya Minatoguchi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: It is well known that coronary plaques that show backward attenuation of ultrasound signal (AT) often cause distal flow disturbance during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). However, tissue characteristics of such plaques have not been precisely investigated. We previously developed an Integrated Backscatter Intravascular Ultrasound (IB-IVUS) for tissue characterization of coronary plaques. The aim of this study is to clarify the relationship among tissue components of coronary plaques, AT and distal embolization after stent deployment by use of IB-IVUS. Methods: In the pathological study, images were acquired from 221 segments of 18 coronary arteries from 13 cadavers obtained at autopsy. Twenty-three segments that showed AT (10%) were enrolled in this study. A total of 47 regions of interest (ROI) on histological images were compared with IB-IVUS color coded maps. Micro calcifications and cholesterol clefts were evaluated by von Kossa, Masson Trichrome and Hematoxylin-Eosin staining. Percentage of cholesterol clefts area (area of cholesterol cleft/area of ROI) and micro calcification area were calculated by a personal computer. In the clinical study, fourteen lesions which underwent elective stent deployment were enrolled. We evaluated the degrees of distal embolization by measuring serum troponin I (TnI) level before and after PCI and compared with IB-IVUS parameters. We defined the area of AT as the area where IB value is -6dB less than lipid pool. Results: In the pathological study, the attenuation of IB values of cholesterol cleft and micro calcification were3.58 ± 1.56 dB/0.1 mm and 3.51 ± 1.74 dB/0.1 mm, respectively. As the % cholesterol cleft area and % micro calcification area increased, the attenuation of IB values increased (r = 0.59 and 0.62, P &lt; 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Elevation of serum TnI have strong correlation to AT volume at the target lesions compared to the % lipid volume (lipid volume/plaque volume) (r = 0.92 and 0.56, P &lt; 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: This is the first demonstration of the relationship among the attenuation of IB values, tissue component and distal embolizaion after PCI. This study provides new clinical insights to prevent and predict distal flow disturbance during PCI.
Abstract 3302: Contribution of Cardiac F-18 FDG PET Imaging to the Management of Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis
Authors: Yoshio Ishida, Kazuhito Fukushima, Keisuke Kiso, Kazuhiko Hashimura, Shiro Kamakura, Satoshi Nakatani
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Early detection and correct assessment of disease activity are critical for the optimal management of patients with cardiac sarcoidosis (CSRD). There are some recent reports showing F-18 FDG (FDG) uptake by sarcoid granulomas. In the present study, we estimated the significance of cardiac FDG PET imaging in 47 patients (57+/−11 years, 16 males and 31 females) with proven diagnosis of CSRD and receiving steroid therapy (30 – 60 mg prednisolone on alternate days) based on clinical signs of acute myocardial involvement. We interpreted regionally enhanced myocardial FDG uptake as positive in the 5-hr fasting FDG PET imaging. In addition, we determined standardized uptake value (SUV) of the FDG uptake. Before steroid therapy, positive myocardial finding was 89% (42/47) in FDG PET, 55% (21/38) in Tc-99m pyrophosphate tomographic imaging, 68% (30/44) in Ga-67 tomographic imaging, 49% (23/47) in echocardiographically estimated septal wall thinning and 35% (13/37) in biopsy. SUV was above 2.5 in all with positive FDG finding. In 3 patients with severe heart failure and with positive finding in biopsy, myocardial FDG uptake showed diffuse patterns and was hardly interpreted positive. The follow-up studies after steroid therapy revealed that the enhanced FDG uptake gradually reduced and disappeared in 6 months in most of the patients, while positive Ga-67 uptake disappeared soon after therapy. Afterwards, recurrence of active inflammation was symptomatically suspected in 4 patients. Performing FDG PET imaging, they all showed re-enhancement of myocardial FDG uptake, which contributed to decision-making of increasing steroid dose. These results suggest that the FDG PET imaging is a sensitive means in detecting disease activity of CSRD and contributes to the decision-making and evaluation of steroid therapy.
Abstract 13424: GATA3 Regulates Macrophage Polarization and Phenotype
Authors: Mingjie Yang, Fuqiang Li, Lai Wang, Ada yukht, Ana Arias, Fang Tian, Ian Williamson, Prediman K Shah, Behrooz G Sharifi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Macrophage polarization is believed to play important role in inflammation and in host defense mechanisms. While the distinct functions attributable to M1 and M2 macrophages have been i...
Schizoaffective disorder and affective disorders with mood-incongruent psychotic features: keep separate or combine? Evidence from a family study
Authors: W Maier, D Lichtermann, J Minges, R Heun, J Hallmayer, O Benkert
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

This study investigated whether the distinction between schizoaffective disorder and affective disorders with mood-incongruent psychotic features as described in DSM-III-R is reflected by aggregation of schizophrenia in the families of probands with the former disorder and aggregation of affective disorders mainly among the relatives of probands with the latter type of disorders.The probands were 118 inpatients with definite lifetime diagnoses of DSM-III-R schizoaffective disorder or a major mood disorder with incongruent psychotic features according to structured clinical interviews. Diagnostic information on 475 of the probands' first-degree relatives was gathered through direct interviews (with 80% of the living first-degree relatives) or the family history approach. The rates of affective and psychotic disorders among these relatives were then compared with those among the relatives of a comparison group of 109 interviewed individuals from the general population who were matched on sociodemographic factors to the inpatient probands.With regard to the familial aggregation of schizophrenia, the DSM-III-R distinction emerged as valid. However, the risk of unipolar affective disorders was enhanced in the families of all of the subgroups of patients studied. The unipolar/bipolar distinction in both DSM-III-R diagnostic groups was reflected by distinct patterns of bipolar disorders in the relatives.The results partly support the DSM-III-R dichotomy of schizoaffective disorder and affective disorders with mood-incongruent psychotic features. Although the differences between these two diagnostic groups were significant, the magnitude of the differences remained relatively modest.
Abstract 2180: Relationship of Left Ventricular Systolic Function to Persistence or Development of Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients: Implications for the Development of New Heart Failure
Authors: Peter M Okin, Kristian Wachtell, Eva Gerdts, Kurt Boman, Markku S Nieminen, Björn Dahlöf, Richard B Devereux
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : We have previously demonstrated that persistence or development of ECG left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by Cornell product criteria are associated with an increased risk of developing heart failure (HF) compared with regression or continued absence of LVH. We postulated that this relationship might be in part mediated via worse LV systolic function in patients with new and persistent LVH. Methods : Baseline and year-3 ECG LVH and LV midwall shortening (MWS) were examined in 725 patients in the LIFE echocardiographic substudy. MWS was measured and considered abnormal if &lt;14.2%; stress-corrected MWS (scMWS) was considered abnormal if 2440 mm-msec. Results : Between baseline and 3 years follow-up, there was continued absence (n=260) or regression (n=167) of LVH in 427 patients and persistence (n=259) or development (n=39) of ECG LVH in 298 patients. Although there was no difference in baseline prevalence of abnormal MWS (23.4 vs 26.5%, p=0.389) or abnormal scMWS (24.6 vs 26.4%, p=0.663) between groups, after 3 years follow-up persistence or development of new LVH was associated with significantly lower mean MWS and scMWS and with higher prevalence and odds of abnormal MWS and scMWS than continued absence or regression of LVH (Table ). After controlling for differences in age, gender, race, treatment group, baseline and change from baseline to year-3 of heart rate, Sokolow-Lyon voltage, systolic and diastolic pressure and baseline severity of LVH by Cornell product, persistent or new ECG LVH remained associated with a &gt;2-fold increased risk of abnormal MWS or scMWS at year 3. Conclusions : Persistence or development of new ECG LVH during antihypertensive therapy is associated with an increased risk of LV systolic dysfunction after 3 years of follow-up. These findings provide insight into a possible mechanism by which changes in ECG LVH are associated with changing risk of developing HF. &lt; Midwall LV Function in Relation to Persistence or Development of ECG LVH Between Baseline and Year-3
Abstract 15643: Validating, Updating, and Extending Long-Term Framingham Cardiovascular Disease Predictions: The Rotterdam Study
Authors: Bob J van Kempen, Bart S Ferket, Maryam Kavousi, Maarten J Leening, Ewout W Steyerberg, M. Arfan Ikram, Jacqueline C Witteman, Oscar H Franco, Kirsten E Fleischmann, Albert Hofman, M.G. Myriam Hunink
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Risk scores that predict long-term risk are increasingly advocated to support cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. In this study, we aim to validate, update, and extend the Framingham prediction of long-term CVD risk by simultaneously analyzing coronary heart disease (CHD) and Stroke. Method: Participants from the Rotterdam Study free of CHD and Stroke (N=6,004), were used to assess calibration and discrimination of the Framingham function that predicts 15-year cumulative incidence of CVD based on age, sex, systolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive treatment, smoking, diabetes, total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol. We recalibrated and refitted the original model that predicts CVD as a combined endpoint of first non-fatal or fatal CHD or Stroke event. We subsequently estimated the cumulative incidences of CHD and stroke separately, and used the sum as an estimate for the cumulative incidence of total CVD. Calibration plots and c-statistics were used to evaluate the performance of the m...