tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low-level laser therapy as a supplementary treatment in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma
Authors: Arda Kiani, Hamidreza Jabbardarjani, Farid Azizi, Mohammad Fakhri
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Conventional medications for asthma can not affect peripheral and smaller airways of the respiratory tract because of the extension and unavailability of these airways. Low-level laser (LLL) therapy was introduced as a supplementary treatment option in managing the patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma.  Methods: The study was a double-blind placebo controlled clinical trial. Patients were allocated to two groups; one group received medical treatment plus LLL as an add-on therapy, and the other group was managed with medical therapy with sham-LLL.  Results: Thirty-three patients (26 female and 7 male) with a mean (SD) age of 46.2 (9.8) years with moderate to severe persistent asthma participated in the study. Patients were randomly assigned to two groups; intervention group (22 patients) and non-intervention group (11 patients). General linear model showed that mean FEV1 and PEF values differed significantly after LLL therapy between laser and placebo groups (p  Conclusions: Given the simplicity of use and acceptable efficacy, LLL can be considered as a complementary therapeutic option in combination with conventional asthma treatments in patients with mild to moderate symptoms.
Radiation Response of Mammalian Cells Grown in Culture. IV. Dose Dependence of Division Delay and Postirradiation Growth of Surviving and Nonsurviving Chinese Hamster Cells
Authors: M. M. Elkind, Antun Han, Kathleen W. Volz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Using an established line of Chinese hamster cells and 55 kv X rays, we have studied the postirradiation growth kinetics of initially log-phase cells after acute X-ray exposures. We found: 1) The division delays for surviving and nonsurviving cells are essentially equal and linearly dependent on dose; 2) the initial postdelay growth rates of the surviving and nonsurviving moieties are close to those of unirradiated cells (i.e., doubling time 8–9 hours); and 3) the number of divisions of which nonsurviving cells are capable varies approximately inversely with dose. Several deductions may be made from these results: 1) After moderate to large doses, survival is a much more sensitive indicator of radiation damage than division delay; 2) metabolic processes responsible for growth and division may be interrupted but are largely unimpaired by doses producing significant division delays and lethal effects; and 3) ascribing division delay to a “mitotic block,” which could be expected to lead to synchronous postdelay growth, is not indicated since asynchronous growth was observed. These results are discussed in the context of possible lethal mechanisms of ionizing radiations.—J Nat Cancer Inst 30: 705–721, 1963.
2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine is an active salvage therapy in advanced indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Authors: M Hoffman, M S Tallman, D Hakimian, D Janson, D Hogan, D Variakogis, T Kuzel, L I Gordon, K Rai
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE To determine the response rate to 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CdA; cladribine) in patients with advanced indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) who fail to respond to or progress after a response to standard chemotherapy drugs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-one patients were treated with at least one cycle of 2-CdA 0.1 mg/kg/d by continuous infusion for 5 or 7 days. RESULTS The overall response rate (complete response [CR] and partial response [PR]) was nine of 21 patients (43%; 95% confidence interval, 22% to 64%). Unmaintained durable responses (longest follow-up, 29+ months) have been observed. The treatment was well tolerated by all patients. The major toxicity was related to myelosuppression (predominantly neutropenia) and immunosuppression with infection. CONCLUSION The purine analog 2-CdA is an active salvage therapy in pretreated patients with indolent NHL, and deserves further assessment in untreated patients and in combination with other chemotherapy agents.
Impact of a hospital-wide multifaceted programme for reducing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections in a large teaching hospital in northern Italy
Authors: P. Viale, F. Tumietto, M. Giannella, M. Bartoletti, S. Tedeschi, S. Ambretti, F. Cristini, C. Gibertoni, S. Venturi, M. Cavalli, A. De Palma, M.C. Puggioli, D. Mosci, E. Callea, R. Masina, M.L. Moro, R.E. Lewis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Deletion in the gene BruAb2_0168 of Brucella abortus strains: diagnostic challenges
Authors: A.S. Dean, E. Schelling, B. Bonfoh, A.E. Kulo, G.A. Boukaya, P. Pilo
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)

Three Brucella abortus strains were isolated from joint hygromas from cows in northern Togo. Two deletions in the 5' side of the gene BruAb2_0168 were identified. As this gene is used for species identification, these deletions have consequences for diagnostic procedures. Multiple locus variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis was therefore performed for species identification. The strains showed unique VNTR profiles, providing some of the first genotypic data from West Africa. More molecular and epidemiological data are needed from the region, in order to better understand transmission patterns and develop suitable diagnostic assays.
Load-independent right ventricular function and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension severity
Authors: Pia Trip, Silvia Rain, Harm-Jan Bogaard, Nico Westerhof, Jolanda van der Velden, Frances S. de Man, Anton Vonk-Noordegraaf
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Rationale  Right ventricular (RV) failure is the main mortality determinant in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (iPAH). However, little is known about adaptive and maladaptive changes in RV performance during disease progression. This study aims to characterize global RV function in mild, intermediate and severe iPAH based on patient survival duration from iPAH diagnosis.  Methods  Right heart catheterization and MRI were performed in 67 individuals (Con=10, Mild=28, Intermediate=11, Severe=18). iPAH severity was defined as: less than 6 months survival (severe), between 1-3 years survival (intermediate) and more than 5 years survival (mild). RV systolic elastance (Ees), arterial elastance (Ea), RV coupling (Ees/Ea) and diastolic elastance (Ed) were quantified by pressure-volume analysis.  Results  RV systolic and diastolic elastance were significantly increased in iPAH compared to controls. RV coupling was maintained in mild and intermediate iPAH, however significantly decreased in severe iPAH. RV diastolic elastance was preserved during mild iPAH, but significantly increased in intermediate and severe disease.  Conclusions  Systolic RV adaptation to the increased afterload is only compromised in severe iPAH. However, RV diastolic impairment occurs already from intermediate iPAH.
Epidermolytic hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma.
Authors: P. FRITSCH, H. HONIGSMANN, E. JASCHKE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

This study describes a family of 30 people in which 14 members have hereditary epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma. Four patients were treated with an oral aromatic retinoid for up to 5 months. They responded in a uniform and dramatic way: 10-14 days after the onset of therapy, the hyperkeratotic horny layer was sequestered in large sheets resulting in normal appearing skin and restoration of normal surface sensitivity. Biopsies revealed that the underlying disorder of keratinization had remained unchanged. Treatment with the retinoid had to be discontinued as the sensitivity and vulnerability restricted normal function of hands and feet.
A monoclonal antibody specific for a unique biomarker, virenose, in a lipopolysaccharide of Coxiella burnetii
Authors: K. Palkovicova, R. Ihnatko, P. Vadovic, E. Betinova, L. Skultety, D. Frangoulidis, R. Toman
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in awake patients as bridge to lung transplantation
Authors: Thomas Fuehner, Christian Kuehn, Karen Olsson, Igor Tudorache, Tobias Welte, Gregor Warnecke, Marius Hoeper
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Endotracheal intubation in patients with end-stage lung disease before lung transplantation (LuTx) is associated with a poor outcome. New bridging strategies of critical candidates are of major interest.  We performed a retrospective, single-center, intention-to-treat analysis of consecutive LuTx candidates with terminal respiratory or cardiopulmonary failure receiving “awake ECMO” support. The outcomes were compared with a historical control group with conventional mechanical ventilation (MV group).  Twenty-six patients (58% female, median age 44 years, range 23-62) were included in the awake ECMO group and thirty-four patients (59% female, median age 36 years, range 18-59) in the MV group. The duration of ECMO support or mechanical ventilation, respectively, was comparable in both groups (awake ECMO: median 9 days; MV: median 15 days; p=0.25). Six of 26 (23%) patients in the awake ECMO group and 10/34 (29%) patients in the MV group died before a donor organ was available (p=0.20). Survival at 6 months after Tx was 80% in the awake ECMO group versus 50% in the MV group (p=0.02).  Patients in the awake ECMO group required shorter postoperative mechanical ventilation (p=0.04) and showed a trend towards a shorter postoperative hospital stay (p=0.06).  Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support in awake and non-ventilated patients is a new and promising strategy for bridging patients to LuTx.
Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous methotrexate.
Authors: F M Balis, J Mirro, G H Reaman, W E Evans, C McCully, K M Doherty, R F Murphy, S Jeffries, D G Poplack
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

The pharmacokinetics of subcutaneously administered methotrexate was studied as a parenteral alternative to oral administration. An initial feasibility study was performed in Rhesus monkeys comparing the subcutaneous route to intravenous (IV) injection and oral administration. The subcutaneous dose was completely absorbed and a sustained-release effect was observed when compared with the IV dose. No local or systemic toxicities resulted from subcutaneous methotrexate in the animals. Twelve children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia on maintenance therapy protocols prescribing either 7.5 mg/m2 biweekly or 40 mg/m2 weekly were also monitored after both a subcutaneous and an oral dose of methotrexate. Four children at the higher dosage level were also studied after an equal IV dose. The subcutaneous dose was again completely absorbed in these children at both dose levels, whereas the oral dose, which produced comparable plasma drug concentrations at the lower dosage level, resulted in a total drug exposure (area under the plasma concentration-time curve) that was one third that of the equal subcutaneous dose at the higher dosage level. No local or systemic toxicity was attributed to the subcutaneous methotrexate. Subcutaneous administration of methotrexate is well tolerated and well absorbed and appears to overcome the problems associated with oral administration, including variable absorption and saturation of the absorption mechanism with increasing doses.
Long-term outcomes after viral pneumonia caused by influenza A (H1N1)
Authors: Sergey Avdeev, Natalya Karchevskaya, Alexander Chuchalin, Galina Nekludova, Janna Naumenco
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objectives: To evaluate the sequelae of viral (H1N1) pneumonia at 3,6,12 months follow-up.

Methods: We evaluated 22 survivors of the influenza A (H1N1) virus pneumonia at 3, 6, and 12 months after discharge.

At each visit, the patient was interviewed; underwent a physical examination, pulmonary-function testing, chest radiography, 6MWT and a quality-of-life evaluation.

Results: At discharge all patients had abnormal chest radiographs, DLCO values below 80% of predicted (50,7±21,6%) and 6MW distance was shorter than in normal controls in the same age-groups (498,5±34,2m).

There was significant difference between the intubated and non-intubated patients in lung function (FVC 57,7±10,6% vs 101,9±10,2% p=0,01 TLC 72,0±7,1% vs 106,5±7,6% p=0,01 DLCO 29,5±3,9% vs 64,9±5,8% p=0,01 respectively) but there were no significant difference with respect to their in exercise capacity and quality-of-life evaluation at discharge.

After the discharge between the intubated and non-intubated patients revealed a continuing significant difference in lung diffusing capacity at 3, 6, and 12 months (DLCO 62,1±5,8% vs 85,7±3,2% p=0,01 DLCO 67,8±5,2% vs 89,0±2,2% p=0,01 DLCO 67,9±7,4% vs 92,2±1,5% p=0,01 respectively).

After discharge 11 patients received oral N-acetilcystein 1800 mg/day and inhaled heparin (15-20 000/day) for 3 months. At 3 months there was no significant difference in DLCO (71,5±17,4% vs 83,4±7,8% p=0,3) and a distance 6MWT (533±12,6m vs 618±39,4m p=0,08) in favor of patients recieved N-acetilcystein and inhaled heparin.

Conclusions: Our results show significant impairment of DLCO in survivors of the influenza A (H1N1) virus pneumonia. There was significant difference between the intubated and non-intubated patients.
COPD and MI: a bad combination
Authors: Nabil M Al Lawati
Journal: Thorax (2007)

▴ Salisbury AC, Reid KJ, Spertus JA. Impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease on post-myocardial infarction outcomes. Am J Cardiol2007;99:636–41.

[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4]



In this observational prospective multicentre study that enrolled 2481 patients, the authors tried to highlight the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a number of outcomes following an acute myocardial infarction (MI).

One-year mortality and rehospitalisation rates were significantly higher in patients with COPD than without (15.8% …

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Is etiology of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFBE) a risk factor for severe exacerbation?
Authors: Sara Lonni, Giulia Suigo, Giulia Bonaiti, Paola Faverio, Andrea Colzani, Alberto Pesci, Marcos Restrepo, Stefano Aliberti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Identifying risk factors for exacerbations is a crucial step in the management of NCFBE patients. The aim of our study was to test etiology of bronchiectasis as risk factor for severe exacerbation requiring hospital admission. This was an observational, perspective study of consecutive NCFBE adult patients attending the outpatient bronchiectasis clinic at the San Gerardo University Hospital in Monza, Italy, during 2013. NCFBE etiology was assessed according to 2010 British Thoracic Society guidelines. A total of 162 patients (median age: 69 years; 42% males) were enrolled. Etiology prevalence is shown in Table 1. All etiologies were tested as risk factors for at least one hospitalization due to a severe exacerbation during 2013 (see Table 1).

View this table:

Table 1





Only NCFBE associated to COPD showed a statistically significant relation with the study outcome ( p -value: 0.04). COPD-related bronchiectasis patients should be strictly followed-up in order to prevent adverse outcomes.
Prevalence of food avoidance and food allergy in Chinese patients with chronic urticaria
Authors: M.-L. Hsu, L.-F. Li
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Food avoidance is common among Chinese patients with chronic urticaria because food allergy is considered to be the cause of disease. The benefit of food avoidance and its relationship with food allergy is unknown.The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence and effect of food avoidance and food allergy in patients with chronic urticaria.Four hundred and ninety-four patients with chronic urticaria, who attended Peking University Third Hospital from January 2009 to December 2010, were studied. Food avoidance and its effect were investigated with a detailed questionnaire. Food allergy was diagnosed by serum food-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), elimination diet based on food-specific IgE, and open food challenge.One hundred and fifty-eight patients (32%) avoided fish, shrimp, crab, lamb or beef prior to evaluation and 82·9% of them reported food avoidance ineffective. Out of 341 patients tested for serum food-specific IgE, 75 (22%) were positive, with soy, peanut, beef, lamb, chicken, crab and shrimp as the leading allergens. Chronic urticaria induced by food allergy was found in only 2·8% of patients.The prevalence of food avoidance is high and mostly ineffective in Chinese patients with chronic urticaria. Foods avoided do not correspond to serum food-specific IgE. The incidence of IgE-mediated urticaria, as demonstrated by open food challenge, is low. Physicians and patients should be aware of unnecessary dietary avoidance while seeking treatment of chronic urticaria.
Effect of exercise pulmonary rehabilitation on long-term outcomes in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Baruch Vainshelboim, Jose Oliveira, Benjamin Fox, Mordechai Kramer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal lung disease manifests in dyspnea, exercise intolerance and poor quality of life (QOL). The aim of the study was to examine the long-term effect of exercise training (ET) based pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on clinical outcomes in IPF patients.   METHODS:   32 IPF patients randomaly assigned to ET group (n=15) who participated in 12-week supervised exercise PR or control group (n=17) who continued with standard care. All patients were followed for 15 months after completing the intervention. Pulmonary function, exercise test, 6MWD, mMRC and SGRQ were assessed at baseline, after 12 weeks and after 11months from baseline.   RESULTS:  After 12-week intervention ET group improved significantly exercise tolerance, pulmonary function, dyspnea and QOL, while the control group had a trend of deterioration. At follow up ET group loss the achieved improvements and return to baseline values, while the control group showed a trend of continuous worsening. Mean differences (Δ=Follow up-post intervention)ΔVO 2peak : -2.9 mL/kg/min, p=0.001, Δ6MWD: -25 m, p=0.285, ΔFVC %predicted: -4.7, p=0.132, ΔmMRC: 0.5 units, p=0.055, SGRQ: 7.9 units, p= 0.041. During the follow up 2 cases of death occurred (11% (ET) vs 13% (control),χ 2 = 0.016, p=0.9) in each group.   CONCLUSION:  Short-term exercise PR in patients with IPF improves clinical outcomes. The achieved benefits were unpreserved for the long-term, but were maintained at the baseline levels. Exercise PR did not affects survival among IPF patients. These results emphasize the clinical significance of long-term exercise PR programs for IPF patients.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Chronic Insomnia
Authors: James M. Trauer, Mary Y. Qian, Joseph S. Doyle, Shantha M.W. Rajaratnam, David Cunnington
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Background: Because psychological approaches are likely to produce sustained benefits without the risk for tolerance or adverse effects associated with pharmacologic approaches, cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-i) is now commonly recommended as first-line treatment for chronic insomnia. Purpose: To determine the efficacy of CBT-i on diary measures of overnight sleep in adults with chronic insomnia. Data Sources: Searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed Clinical Queries from inception to 31 March 2015, supplemented with manual screening. Study Selection: Randomized, controlled trials assessing the efficacy of face-to-face, multimodal CBT-i compared with inactive comparators on overnight sleep in adults with chronic insomnia. Studies of insomnia comorbid with medical, sleep, or psychiatric disorders were excluded. Data Extraction: Study characteristics, quality, and data were assessed independently by 2 reviewers. Main outcome measures were sleep onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), total sleep time (TST), and sleep efficiency (SE%). Data Synthesis: Among 292 citations and 91 full-text articles reviewed, 20 studies (1162 participants [64% female; mean age, 56 years]) were included. Approaches to CBT-i incorporated at least 3 of the following: cognitive therapy, stimulus control, sleep restriction, sleep hygiene, and relaxation. At the posttreatment time point, SOL improved by 19.03 (95% CI, 14.12 to 23.93) minutes, WASO improved by 26.00 (CI, 15.48 to 36.52) minutes, TST improved by 7.61 (CI, −0.51 to 15.74) minutes, and SE% improved by 9.91% (CI, 8.09% to 11.73%). Changes seemed to be sustained at later time points. No adverse outcomes were reported. Limitation: Narrow inclusion criteria limited applicability to patients with comorbid insomnia and other sleep problems, and accuracy of estimates at later time points was less clear. Conclusion: CBT-i is an effective treatment for adults with chronic insomnia, with clinically meaningful effect sizes. Primary Funding Source: None. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42012002863)
Unusual Manifestations of B-Cell Disorders
Authors: Mustafa Ozguroglu, Hilal Aki, Gokhan Demir, Fuat Demirelli, Nil Molinas Mandel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1999.17.3.1083 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 10071304 Unusual Manifestations of B-Cell Disorders Mustafa OzgurogluxMustafa OzgurogluSearch for articles by this author , Hilal AkixHilal AkiSearch for articles by this author , Gokhan DemirxGokhan DemirSearch for articles by this author , Fuat DemirellixFuat DemirelliSearch for articles by this author , Nil Molinas MandelxNil Molinas MandelSearch for articles by this author Show More Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul University Istanbul, Turkey https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1999.17.3.1083 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 1999 by American Society of Clinical Oncology