tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P3-14-17: Results of a novel neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for breast cancer
Authors: N Rivera-Rodriguez, F Cabanillas, L Lawrenson, V Negron, O Pavia, M Bruno, M Echenique, W Pardo, K Santiago
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has been associated with improved disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). The Residual Cancer Burden Score (RCB) method is a useful tool that predicts DFS and OS after NAC. We present the results of pts with either triple negative or HER2 positive breast cancer treated with a novel NAC. Methods: 34 pts with localized breast cancer &amp;gt;1 cm with HER2+ (N = 19) or triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (N = 15) were treated with this novel regimen consisting first of TEC (docetaxel 75 mg/m2, epirubicin 80 mg/m2, and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2) + PEG Filgrastim x 4 cycles. Following the 4th course, TNBC patients received 4 additional TEC cycles if they achieved CR by MRI, or were switched to a non cross-resistant regimen (vinorelbine, bevacizumab, capecitabine) if they had &amp;lt; CR. HER2+ pts received TEC x4 followed by docetaxel + trastuzumab x 4. RCB score was used to measure pathologic response. Pretreament PET scan was done and repeated after course 1 in order to correlate with RCB. Results: Median age was 56 (58 for Her2+ and 49 for TNBC). RCB = 0 (pCR) was achieved in 76%, while only 1 responded poorly (RCB = 3). There was no significant difference in the pCR rate between Her2+ and TNBC patients (74% vs 80% respectively), but there was a difference in the rate of pCR without DCIS and invasive cancer between these two (see table, p = 0.034). Pts with SUV drop &amp;gt; 5% after 1st TEC had 84% pCR while none with &amp;lt; 5% achieved pCR (p = 0.001). Comparison of our results with other NAC regimens reported in the literature is summarized in the table below: ProtocolpCR (no invasive)pCR(no invasive and no DCIS)RCB 0-1Auxilio Cancer Center HER2+/TNBC74%/80%37%/73%79%/80%I-Spy trial 1 HER2+/TNBC45%/35%N/A61%/40%GeparQuinto HER2+/TNBCN/A45%/38.4%N/ANSABP B-40 TNBC51%N/AN/ANeoAltto HER2+47%N/AN/ANeoSphere HER2+39%N/AN/AMDACC FEC+trastuzumab HER2+60%N/AN/A Conclusions: This novel chemotherapy approach results in a high pCR rate and RCB 0-1, which have been associated with improved clinical outcomes. Early PET can predict pCR. Although sample size is modest, results are encouraging and deserve further evaluation. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P3-14-17.
Heat treatment modifies the allergenicity of beef and bovine serum albumin
Authors: A. Fiocchi, P. Restani, E. Riva, G. P. Mirri, I. Santini, L. Bernardo, C. L. Galli
Journal: Allergy (1998)

The effect of heat on the allergenicity of beef and bovine serum albumin was investigated among 10 toddlers skin prick test (SPT)-positive to raw and cooked beef. The meat-allergy diagnosis was confirmed during double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) with 180 g of beef cooked for 5 min at 100 degrees C. SPT with homogenized and freeze-dried beef, and heated and unheated bovine serum albumin were performed. Both heated and unheated bovine serum albumin, homogenized beef, and freeze-dried beef were used in trial DBPCFC. All children were SPT-positive to unheated bovine serum albumin. Seven were positive to heated bovine serum albumin, one to freeze-dried beef, and none to homogenized beef. DBPCFCs were negative for homogenized beef and freeze-dried beef, positive for unheated bovine serum albumin in five patients, and positive for heated albumin in four children. We conclude that heating reduces sensitization to beef and bovine serum albumin but does not abolish reactivity to albumin under home conditions. However, industrially heat-treated and sterilized homogenized beef and freeze-dried beef may be suitable substitutes in beef-allergic children's diets.
Can plasma level of brain natriuretic peptide in early phase predict subsequent left ventricular dilatation in myocardial infarction?
Authors: A. Hirayama, H. Fuji, H. Yamamoto, Y. Sakata, M. Asakura, F. Ishikura, H. Kusuoka, K. Kodama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Aggressive natural killer cell lymphoproliferative disorder associated with Epstein-Barr viral RNA
Authors: Yuko Hirose, Yasufumi Masaki, Ritsuko Yoshioka, Tomoo Takiguchi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

Lymphoproliferative disorder of natural killer cells is a heterogeneous disorder, and an association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is suggested in some cases. A Japanese male presenting with recurrent nasopharyngeal problems developed fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, and hepatosplenomegaly. Separated cells from lymph nodes were shown to have a natural killer (NK) cell, CD2(+), CD3(−), CD16(+), CD56(+), HLA-DR(+) phenotype. A progressive abnormality of hepatic function was associated with hepatorenal failure and death. A serologic study suggested reactivated EBV infection. In situ hybridization (ISH) studies showed Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA (EBER)-1 in lymph nodes, with lymphocytes infiltrating the liver and tissue from ethmoid sinus surgery 3 years prior to development of obvious lymphoproliferative disease. Polymerase chain reaction performed on lymph node DNA, using oligonucleotide primers specific for the EBV lymphocyte-determined membrane antigen (LYDMA) gene, revealed a single band, suggesting monoclonal proliferation of the tumor. NK activities of the lymphocytes from the lymph node and peripheral blood were markedly decreased. These findings suggest a close relationship between EBV infection and development of NK cell lymphoproliferative disorder. Am. J. Hematol. 54:314–320, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Geoffrey T. Manley, Andrew I. R. Maas
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment Regulation in Promoting Tobacco Control—Reply
Authors: Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Strong Shadows: Scenes From an Inner City AIDS Clinic
Authors: Robert M. Wachter
Journal: JAMA (1996)

This book is a little gem. In it, Abigail Zuger, an infectious disease specialist at Albert Einstein Medical Center in the Bronx, describes the lives of eight of her patients as seen in a succession of clinic visits. Caring for these patients in an environment of woefully limited resources takes a unique kind of resourcefulness. A good day in clinic is when you've snagged an exam room with a sink. Getting your patient a lymph node biopsy in less than two months might involve sending him to the breast clinic (where the biopsy queues are shorter). All the players in this drama—patients, families, doctors, nurses—are running as fast as they can. In the preface, we are told that for many of the urban poor, having AIDS is simply the final coda to a life of hardship. For the author's patients, medical crises are juggled with dozens of others: court dates
Pancreatic Function after Endoscopic and Surgical Occlusion of the Pancreatic Duct in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: A. Pap, L. Flautner, T. Tihanyi, J. Papp, A. Szécsény, V. Varró
Journal: Endoscopy (1985)

Complex monitoring of pancreatic function was done after 18 endoscopic or surgical occlusions of the pancreatic duct in 15 patients with chronic pancreatitis. The indirect function tests (starch tolerance test, Lipiodol test and fat loading) as well as the direct tests (secretin-pancreozymin and Lundh tests) demonstrated only moderate pancreatic insufficiency. Overall values of the Lundh test performed before and after the treatment in 10 cases did not change significantly. The surgical procedure decreased pancreatic function somewhat more effectively, but the symptom-free “burned-out” state was only rarely achieved. Even glucose tolerance slightly diminished after treatment.
Aspirin and the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Richard C. Becker
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Venous thromboembolism, including deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common condition, with an annual incidence of 2 to 3 cases per 1000 in the general population.1 Although the risk of recurrence is only about 1% per year in patients with a transient risk factor (provoked venous thromboembolism), those with spontaneous events (unprovoked venous thromboembolism) remain at high risk, with a 10% annual recurrence rate after the discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy.2 In their systematic overview in 2002, the Antiplatelet Trialists' Collaboration3 suggested that antiplatelet therapy, predominantly with aspirin, could reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients at high risk, . . .
Recurrent Abdominal Pain in an Infant
Authors: Raphael F. Kilcoyne
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> In a recent QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS column, a physician from California inquired about the cause for recurrent abdominal pain in a 10-month-old infant (237:2535, 1977). In his reply, the consultant, Edwin Sumpter, MD, did not mention intussusception as a possible cause for the patient's symptoms. The intermittent character of the abdominal pain is very suggestive for this diagnosis. Interestingly, the editorial comment states that the "normal" barium enema seems to have had a curative effect. Perhaps the fluoroscopist inadvertently reduced an ileocolic intussusception during the course of the barium enema examination. The barium enema treatment of intussusception is well established,<sup>1</sup>and the successful reduction of an ileocolic type is indicated by reflux of barium into the terminal ileum.<sup>2</sup> Based on the information provided by the questioner, it would be wise to repeat the barium enema examination if the infant has recurrence of his symptoms.
Detection of Vulnerable Coronary Plaques by Color Fluorescent Angioscopy
Authors: Yasumi Uchida, Yasuto Uchida, Seiji Kawai, Ryohei Kanamaru, Yukou Sugiyama, Takanobu Tomaru, Yoshiro Maezawa, Noriaki Kameda
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Assessing the Ethical and Practical Wisdom of Surrogate Consent for Living Organ Donation
Authors: David Wendler
Journal: JAMA (2004)

INDIVIDUALS OFTEN DECLINE TO SIGN ORGAN DONOR cards out of fear that their organs will be procured prematurely. To reassure these individuals, procurement policy in the United States allows adults’ organs to be procured only after their deaths or, in the case of nonvital organs, with their consent. Despite these limitations on the procurement of adults’ organs, many individuals still decline to become organ donors. As a result, US waiting lists for solid organs have grown to more than 80000 people. Numerous strategies have been proposed to encourage potential donors, including payment for organs and paying for donors’ funeral expenses. Alternatively, some have proposed to expand the pool of potential donors by redefining death as the loss of cerebral cortex, or “higher” brain function. Although this approach has been endorsed by some commentators, it has been rejected by all states, which continue to define death as the irreversible cessation of either cardiopulmonary function or all brain function, including brainstem function. Others propose to expand the pool of potential donors by allowing surrogates to donate the organs of patients in persistent or permanent vegetative state (PVS). Surrogates might also be allowed to donate the organs of terminally ill patients who cannot make their own medical decisions. Permitting surrogates to donate the organs of terminally ill patients or patients in PVS would change organ procurement policy in 2 important ways: surrogates could donate adult patients’ organs before they are legally dead and depending on which organs are donated, organ procurement might cause patients’ deaths. Should these changes be introduced to current organ procurement policy?
Vive la revolution
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In the howling darkness of the remote croft in Orkney that was my childhood home the television flickered with enticing images: Levi’s jeans, “roller boots,” bubble gum, Dallas , Burt Reynolds moustaches, purple nylon flares, the Osmonds’ teeth, Champion the Wonder Horse , foot long hotdogs, giant lawn mowers that you sat on, and supersized burgers, at a time when half a pound of mince would feed our family for a fortnight. This was paradise America. Even their chips were exotic, crispy “French fries,” not a mush of lard and yesterday’s …
Caution urged amid wide variation in response rates to friends and family test
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Sloth bears (Melursus ursinus) are endemic to the Indian subcontinent and frequently come into conflict with human. Both in Rajauli Wildlife Sanctuary (RWLS) and Kauwkol Forest Range (KFR), sand mining operations create heavy noise during the summer for stone crushing which could be the cause of disturbance in the sloth bear territory and sloth bear attacks during the summer and winter. During the study period of 2016 to 2018, a total of 16 sloth bear attacks were incidently reported in various ranges of NFD. There was a marked seasonal variation in human casualties by sloth bear in the study area. Out of 16 cases, highest number of casualties were observed in monsoon (n=8, 50%) as compared to casualties in Summer (n=5, 31.25%) and winter (n=3, 18.75%) season. Most of the attacks were reported during 4.01-8.00 hours (n=6, 37.5%), followed by incidences occurred during evening time, 16.01-20.00 hours (n=4, 25%), 8.01-12.00 hrs (n=3, 18.75%) and 12.01-16.00 (n=2, 12.5%). Moreover, males (n=10) were shown to have a 62 percent attack rate compared to females (n=6; 38 percent). The data also shows that the frequency of attacks on victims engaged in various activities were related to their intensity of usage of specific habitats. It is reported that highest incidences of HSBC occurred when the victims were engaged in NTFP collection (37.5%), followed by victims engaged in walking (25%), farming (18.75%), defection (12.5%) and cattle grazing (6.25%) activities. We recommend education programs among the people to reduce human injury through mitigation techniques.
Enhanced antigen presentation in the absence of the invariant chain endosomal localization signal.
Authors: M S Anderson, K Swier, L Arneson, J Miller
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

The cytosolic tail of the major histocompatibility complex class II-associated invariant chain (Ii) molecule is thought to contain the endosomal localization signal that directs and/or retains newly synthesized class II within the endosomal antigen processing compartment. To determine the role of this signal in class II transport and antigen presentation we have generated class II-positive L cell transfectants that coexpress wild type or truncated forms of Ii. Deletion of the endosomal localization signal from Ii results in rapid transport of class II-Ii complexes to the cell surface. Once at the cell surface, the complex is efficiently internalized, Ii is degraded, and class II free of Ii is recycled back to the plasma membrane. Interestingly, the truncated form of Ii is still able to increase the efficiency of antigen presentation to T cells. These data suggest that the ability of Ii to enhance antigen presentation is not limited to Golgi apparatus-endosomal sorting and raise the possibility that endocytosed class II can form immunogenic complexes with newly processed antigen.
CONFLICTING RESULTS BETWEEN RANDOMIZED TRIALS AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES ON THE IMPACT OF PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS ON CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Authors: Chiara Melloni, Jeffrey Washam, William Jones, Sharif Halim, Stephanie B. Mayer, Brooke Heidenfelder, Rowena Dolor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
HIV, Stigma, and Rates of Infection: More Complicated than Reidpath and Chan Suggest
Authors: Sam Singer
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

s PLoS Medicine, Daniel Reidpath and Kit Yee Chan challenge the widely cited link between HIV-related stigma and the spread of the epidemic [1].This is an important question, given the heavy emphasis on stigma in policies of the World Health Organization, the Joint United Programme on HIV/AIDS, and other public health institutions, but in making their argument Reidpath and Chan misrepresent the connections that other authors have made between stigma and viral transmission, ignore evidence that does suggest an association, and propose a model of their own for which they offer no evidence.HIV infection establishes itself fi rst in certain high-risk groups-men who have sex with men, intravenous drug users, sex workers, mobile populations-and only later moves into the general population.In the early stages of the epidemic, stigma facilitates transmission within high-risk groups, because these already marginalized groups receive little attention from policy makers and the health-care community and are further discriminated against when they are identifi ed with HIV and AIDS [2].Stigma also prevents or makes it more diffi cult for members of high-risk groups to access preventive services, including HIV antibody testing [3].Reidpath and Chan distort this dynamic by describing a model in which stigma leads to fear which leads to unsafe behavior.We know of no one who suggests that stigma causes sex between men or intravenous drug use.Instead, there is evidence that HIV-related stigma makes it diffi cult for people to take actions to reduce their risks; for example, by accessing HIV education [4], exchanging needles [5], and negotiating condom use [6].Stigma may even lead women who know they are HIV positive to breast-feed their infants rather than arouse suspicion of their serostatus through formula feeding [7].This undoubtedly increases the risk of vertical viral transmission.Reidpath and Chan go on to propose that stigma may actually "slow the spread of infection from those [highrisk] groups to the general population."Although there is a plausible logic to this suggestion, there is no evidence for it.Even if stigma does reduce the opportunities that marginalized groups have to transmit HIV to the broader population, this would have little effect on the dynamics of a generalized epidemic.While they recognize that stigma presents a barrier to the treatment and care of people living with HIV, Reidpath and Chan fail to recognize the association this may have with increased transmission.HIV-related stigma discourages people from disclosing their status, entering care, and adhering to antiretroviral regimens, all of which represent missed opportunities for prevention.Around the world HIV capitalizes on and reinforces social stigma and discrimination, especially the low status of women.Defeating the epidemic requires an honest examination of all these phenomena and interventions that target both the virus itself and its widespread social impacts.
Eosinophilic Fasciitis Responsive to Cimetidine
Authors: GARY SOLOMON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

A 53-year-old man with eosinophilic fasciitis had dramatic improvement in his fasciitic symptoms on two occasions after treatment with Cimetidine. The observation that H2 histamine blockade is effective therapy in eosinophilic fasciitis lends further support to the concept that this disease is modulated through an altered immune response.
Electric convulsion therapy apparatus.
Authors: J Pippard
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Neither of the patients had used other drugs, changed their diet, had any serious illness, or taken more of either medicine than the recommended dose.Both patients were being assessed regularly in an experienced thrombosis service centre.Flurbiprofen is a known in-vitro inhibitor of platelet release and to a lesser degree platelet aggregation.2It has been successfully used in a patient with spontaneous platelet aggregation.4Unfortunately, the bleeding time was not assessed in these patients.A prolonged bleeding time, however, does not account for a prolongation of the prothrombin time as observed in these patients.The only documented investigation of an interaction between flurbiprofen and a coumarin (phenprocoumon) showed slightly enhanced anticoagulation.The authors con- sidered the interaction of little clinical importance.5We recommend that if these drugs are used concurrently, the Thrombotest time should be monitored regularly.Additional prospective interaction studies are required.
Collapse of the Lung Associated with Primary Tuberculosis: A Review of 51 Cases
Authors: A. M. C. Macpherson, P. A. Zorab, L. Reid
Journal: Thorax (1960)

In 1950, a review of 39 cases of collapse of the lung associated with primary pulmonary tuber- culosis was published (Macpherson and Lutwyche, 1950).The present work is based on a further study of these patients, with the addition of 12 on July 31,