tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE): Design of Studies of β-Cell Preservation in Prediabetes and Early Type 2 Diabetes Across the Life Span
Authors: Kristen J. Nadeau, Kieren J. Mather, Silva A. Arslanian, Thomas A. Buchanan, Sonia Caprio, Sharon L. Edelstein, David A. Ehrmann, Peter J. Savage, Steven E. Kahn
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

The Restoring Insulin Secretion (RISE) Consortium is testing interventions designed to preserve or improve β-cell function in prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes.β-Cell function is measured using hyperglycemic clamps and oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs). The adult medication protocol randomizes participants to 12 months of placebo, metformin alone, liraglutide plus metformin, or insulin (3 months) followed by metformin (9 months). The pediatric medication protocol randomizes participants to metformin or insulin followed by metformin. The adult surgical protocol randomizes participants to gastric banding or metformin (24 months). Adult medication protocol inclusion criteria include fasting plasma glucose 95-125 mg/dL (5.3-6.9 mmol/L), OGTT 2-h glucose ≥140 mg/dL (≥7.8 mmol/L), HbA1c 5.8-7.0% (40-53 mmol/mol), and BMI 25-40 kg/m(2). Adult surgical protocol criteria are similar, except for fasting plasma glucose ≥90 mg/dL (≥5.0 mmol/L), BMI 30-40 kg/m(2), HbA1c <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol), and diabetes duration <12 months. Pediatric inclusion criteria include fasting plasma glucose ≥90 mg/dL (≥5.0 mmol/L), 2-h glucose ≥140 mg/dL (≥7.8 mmol/L), HbA1c ≤8.0% (≤64 mmol/mol), BMI >85th percentile and ≤50 kg/m(2), 10-19 years of age, and diabetes <6 months.Primary outcomes are clamp-derived glucose-stimulated C-peptide secretion and maximal C-peptide response to arginine during hyperglycemia. Measurements are made at baseline, after 12 months on treatment, and 3 months after treatment withdrawal (medication protocols) or 24 months postintervention (surgery protocol). OGTT-derived measures are also obtained at these time points.RISE is determining whether medication or surgical intervention strategies can mitigate progressive β-cell dysfunction in adults and youth with prediabetes or early type 2 diabetes.
Rapid tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of Bruton's tyrosine/Tec kinases in platelets induced by collagen binding or CD32 cross-linking.
Authors: Atsushi Oda, Yasuo Ikeda, Hans D. Ochs, Brian J. Druker, Katsutsohi Ozaki, Makoto Handa, Tadashi Ariga, Yukio Sakiyama, Owen N. Witte, Matthew I. Wahl
Journal: Blood (2000)
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy: a new criterion for selection of candidate patients for surgery of low tumour burden metastases from malignant melanoma?
Authors: T. Jouary, C. Legros, N. Lalanne, J. Versapuech, K. Ezzedine, B. Vergier, M. Delaunay, J.F. Velly, A. Taieb
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Surgery of limited metastatic lesions from malignant melanoma can achieve long-term remission and better survival than chemotherapy. Existing criteria for selection of candidate patients for this surgery do not seem sufficient to avoid useless excisions.To test use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a new criterion in this setting.All patients who underwent thoracic surgery for one or two lung metastases from melanoma during 1999-2007 were included in the study. Demographic and medical data were collected and analysed. Several possible prognostic factors were evaluated based on the overall survival curves.Thirteen patients were included in this retrospective study. All but two patients had no evidence of disease after surgery. Ten patients received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Six responded (absence of progression) and four had progressive disease. Response to chemotherapy and no evidence of disease after surgery were predictive of long-term survival.Neoadjuvant chemotherapy can be considered as a new criterion for better selection of candidate patients for lung metastasis surgical resection. This would also avoid useless surgical procedures in rapidly progressive disease and give information on the chemosensibility of the metastatic disease. This study needs further confirmation, particularly with chemotherapy regimens that have demonstrated better objective responses.
Thiazide Use and Reduced Sodium Intake for Prevention of Osteoporosis—Reply
Authors: Anne Klibanski
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Review: In patients with mild hypertension and no CV disease, BP-lowering drugs reduce stroke and mortality
Authors: Michael Tanner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Sundström J, Arima H, Jackson R, et al; Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration. Effects of blood pressure reduction in mild hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162:184-91. 25531552
Abstract 17600: Carvedilol Improves Left and Right Ventricular Fibrosis and Function Through Abrogation of Tgfβ1-ctgf Signaling in a Rat Persistent Right Ventricular Afterload Model
Authors: Kenichi Okumura, Hideyuki Kato, Osami Honjo, Mei Sun, Mark K Friedberg
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Left ventricular (LV) function influences outcomes in right ventricular (RV) failure. Carvedilol reduces mortality in LV failure and improves right ventricular (RV) function in experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, its impact on ventricular-ventricular interactions and LV function in RV afterload is unknown. We investigated effects of carvedilol on biventricular fibrosis and function in a rat model of persistent PAH. Methods and Results: Rats were randomized into 3 groups: Sham controls, PAH and PAH+carvedilol. Severe PAH was induced by 60mg/kg subcutaneous monocrotaline. In the treatment group, oral carvedilol (15mg/kg/d) was started 2-weeks after monocrotaline injection and continued for 3-weeks until the terminal experiment. Echocardiography and exercise performance were performed at baseline and repeated at the terminal experiment with hemodynamic measurements. LV and RV myocardium were analyzed for hypertrophy, fibrosis and molecular signaling by protein and mRNA an...
Molecular Characterization of Autosomal Recessive Chronic Granulomatous Disease Caused by a Defect of the Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (Reduced Form) Oxidase Component p67-phox
Authors: Pablo J. Patiño, Julie Rae, Deborah Noack, Rich Erickson, Jiabing Ding, Diana Garcı́a de Olarte, John T. Curnutte
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract 16931: The Changing Course of Aortic Valve Disease in Scotland: Hospitalizations, Outcomes and Temporal Trends
Authors: Colin Berry, Suzanne M Lloyd, Yangzong Wang, Alyson MacDonald, Ian Ford
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction Aortic valve disease (AVD) is a chronic health problem with a poor prognosis. We hypothesized that the incidence and burden of AVD is increasing. We studied the contemporary course of aortic stenosis (AS), aortic regurgitation (AR) and mixed AVD in Scotland, UK. Methods Using record linkage with ICD10 codes, we identified all first emergency admissions with a diagnosis of non-congenital AVD in Scotland (pop n 5.1 million) from 1 Jan 1997 to 31 Dec 2005 with follow-up to 31 Dec 2006. Results 20,218 subjects aged ≥18 yrs had an index hospitalization with a final diagnosis of AVD in a primary (n=5341 (26.4%)) or secondary diagnostic position (2 nd -6 th positions, n=14,877 (73.6% cases)). AS, AR, mixed or unspecified AVD occurred in 13,429 (66.5%), 2,956 (14.6%), 714 (3.5%) and 3,119 (15.4%), individuals, respectively (Fig 1). 10,298 (50.9%) patients had died (all causes) by 31 Dec 2006. Compared to AS, the likelihood of death from any cause was less with AR (Fig 2). In multivariable analyses, female gender, admission year and hypertension reduced the likelihood of death in AS patients. AS increased the risk of death or myocardial infarction, heart failure or stroke/transient ischemic attack. 3,749 (18.5%) patients had a first aortic valve replacement (AVR) of whom 72.7% had AS, 11.9% had an unspecified type of AVD and 10.5% had AR and 4.9% had mixed AVD. The likelihood of AVR increased by admission year in patients with AS and by endocarditis in patients with AR. Age, female gender, and co-morbidity reduced the likelihood of AVR. Conclusions The hospital burden of AS has substantially increased in Scotland in recent years. AS predicts morbidity and mortality compared to other types of AVD.
Abstract 266: How many epidemiological types of breast cancer: Two, three, four, or more
Authors: William F. Anderson, Philip S. Rosenberg, Aleix Prat, Charles M. Perou, Mark E. Sherman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease, divisible into a variable number of clinical subtypes depending upon the analytical approach. A fundamental question is how many etiological subtypes underlie the spectrum of clinical breast tumors? A clinical subtype represents a grouping according to prognosis (outcome) or prediction (expected treatment response), whereas an etiological subtype reflects a common set of causes. Methods: We initiated a systematic literature review to examine the historical, epidemiological, biostatistical, and molecular evidence for breast cancer etiology. Information sources included CANCERLIT, Index Medicus, and PubMed. Data resources included the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. Results: A bimodal age distribution at diagnosis was a fundamental characteristic of breast cancer for important tumor characteristics, risk factor profiles, molecular markers, and prognosis; suggestive of a ‘mixture’ of two main etiological subtypes in varying proportions in different populations. The first breast cancer tended to arise early in life with modal age-at-diagnosis near 50 years and generally behaved aggressively. The second breast cancer occurred later in life with modal age near 70 years, and usually portended a more indolent clinical course. Conclusion: Epidemiological and molecular patterns suggest that breast cancer etiology reflects a bimodal breast cancer mixture model, possibly emerging from two stem cells of origin. Notwithstanding, the potential added value of more detailed categorizations and personalized approaches for the targeted treatment of breast cancer, we suggest that the development of criteria to better identify the two proposed main etiologic types would advance etiologic research and the prevention of breast cancer. Citation Format: William F. Anderson, Philip S. Rosenberg, Aleix Prat, Charles M. Perou, Mark E. Sherman. How many epidemiological types of breast cancer: Two, three, four, or more. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 266. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-266
Abstract 11600: Long Sleep Duration and Low-Grade Inflammation: New Indicators of Arterial Stiffness in the Japanese at High-risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Satoshi Niijima, Michiaki Nagai, Satoshi Hoshide, Mami Takahashi, Masahisa Shimpo, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Recently, several studies have reported that long sleep duration was independently associated with increased aortic stiffness. On the other hand, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was associated with increased aortic stiffness. In this study, the relationships among self-reported sleep duration, hs-CRP and pulse wave velocity (PWV) were investigated in the Japanese at high-risk of cardiovascular disease. In addition, we investigated whether antihypertensive treatment moderated these relationships or not. Methods: Among 4310 patients with one or more cardiovascular risks recruited for the Japan Morning Surge-Home Blood Pressure Study, brachial-ankle PWV and hs-CRP measurement were performed in the 2304 patients (64.7 years old, male 49.6%). A self-administered questionnaire included items on daily sleep duration was used. Results: According to the sleep duration (6h or less,6h to 8h,8h or more per night), significant associations of sleep duration were observed with PWV (1594 vs 1644 vs 1763 cm/s, p&lt;0.0001).In the multiple regression analysis adjustment for confounders including age body mass index, total cholesterol, HbA1c and clinic systolic blood pressure (SBP), long sleep duration (8h or more per night) (B: 29, 95%CI: 1.0-56, p&lt;0.05) and log hs-CRP (B: 25, 95%CI: 3.1-48, p&lt;0.05) were significantly positively associated with PWV. A significant interaction was found between long sleep duration and antihypertensive agent non-use for PWV (p&lt;0.05). Especially, in the group without calcium channel blockers (CCBs), long sleep duration was significantly associated with PWV (p&lt;0.01), while a marginal significant synergetic relationship was observed between long sleep duration and log hs-CRP for PWV (p=0.07). On the other hand, there were no significant interactions between long sleep duration and angiotensin receptor blockers non-use. Conclusions: Long sleep duration and hs-CRP were significant indicators of increased PVW in the high-risk Japanese population. In those without CCBs, long sleep duration served as a strong determinant for arterial stiffness, marginally interacted by low-grade inflammation. CCBs use might be important not to aggravate artery remodeling caused by long sleep duration.
Family Health History
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IVF Children: The First Generation: Assisted Reproduction and Child Development
Authors: W. H. Kutteh
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Studies of substrate regulation in fasting
Authors: Martin J. Conway, Charles J. Goodner, Jon H. Werrbach, Charles C. Gale
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The effect of glucose infusion on rates of lipolysis were studied in a group of chair-trained papio baboons that had been prepared for chronic intravenous and intracarotid infusion. All studies were carried out after a 24 hr period of fasting and when the animals were fully awake. After a control interval of 1 hr, a glucose infusion was begun either intravenously or intra-arterially. The infusion was continued at a constant rate for 2 hr and then changed directly to the alternate route and continued an additional 2 hr. Blood samples were collected at 30-min intervals for glucose, free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol, insulin, and in some studies, growth hormone (GH) determination. When glucose doses less than 0.5 mg/kg per min were used, no change in the products of lipolysis was noted during either venous or carotid administration, and glucose and insulin levels remained stable or fell gradually. With doses of glucose between 0.5 and 0.6 mg/kg per min, a greater fall in both FFA and glycerol was noted during carotid administration. No definite changes in plasma glucose or insulin levels were noted during either infusion period. These changes in lipolysis were noted regardless of the sequence of infusion, and a similar differential suppression of FFA was noted during a 24 hr period of carotid glucose administration. When doses of glucose larger than 0.6 mg/kg per min were used, inhibition of lipolysis was noted during both phases of infusion. No definite change in GH levels was noted during the periods of fasting, and the levels of the hormone did not appear to be related to changes in glucose, insulin, or FFA levels.
Abstract 3958: Investigation of HMGB1 as a potential marker for radiation response in muscle invasive bladder cancer
Authors: Jose J. Mansure, Sanhita Shrivastava, Roland Nassim, Gerardo Ferbeyre, Wassim Kassouf
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Radical cystectomy remains the standard treatment for invasive Bladder Cancer (BC). Radiotherapy is an attractive alternative; however lack of local control of the disease and toxicity associated with it remain problematic. As HMGB1 plays a major role in the cancer associated radio-resistance pathways, our objective is to evaluate its role as a predictive marker for radiation response in BC. Methods: Expression of HMGB1 was characterized in a panel of eight BC cell lines via RT-PCR and Western Blotting. Knockdown of HMGB1 was carried out via shRNA lentiviral system. Correlation of HMGB1 expression and radiation response was done using clonogenic assays in control and shRNA transduced cell lines. Alkaline Comet Assay was used to measure the extent of DNA damage and repair in different cell lines 24hr post 5Gy radiation. Olive Tail moment was used as to quantify the DNA Damage. Results: All cell lines expressed different levels of HMGB1, with BV and UC3 having the lowest and the highest expression of HMGB1 simultaneously. Clonogenic assay results showed that UC3 was resistant to radiation while BV was sensitive. Knockdown of HMGB1 caused the radio-resistant UC3 cells to become highly radio-sensitive, with more than 60% cells dying at 2Gy. Comet assay suggest the involvement of HMGB1 in DNA repair, as a significant DNA damage post radiation was observed in the HMGB1 knockdown cell line. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that high levels of HMGB1 protein are linked to a more radio-resistant outcome and HMGB1 knockdown leads to an increase in radio-sensitivity. Hence HMGB1 could potentially be used as a radiation response marker in invasive BC. Citation Format: Jose J. Mansure, Sanhita Shrivastava, Roland Nassim, Gerardo Ferbeyre, Wassim Kassouf. Investigation of HMGB1 as a potential marker for radiation response in muscle invasive bladder cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3958. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3958
Type III hereditary angio‐oedema: clinical and biological features in a French cohort
Authors: V. Vitrat‐Hincky, A. Gompel, C. Dumestre‐Perard, I. Boccon‐Gibod, C. Drouet, J. Y. Cesbron, J. Lunardi, C. Massot, L. Bouillet
Journal: Allergy (2010)

Hereditary angio-oedema (HAE) has been associated with C1inhibitor deficiency. The first cases of type III HAE were described in patients with normal C1Inh antigenic protein level and function and normal C4 levels in 2000. This finding has been reported mostly in women with a family history and may be influenced by exogenous oestrogen exposure.The purpose of this article is to describe the clinical, biological and genetic characteristics of a French population suffering from type III HAE.We conducted a retrospective analysis of angio-oedema (AE) cases seen in the National Reference Centre of AE between 2000 and 2009.We found 26 patients (from 15 unrelated families) with type III HAE. All but four were women and presented with typical AE attacks, exacerbated by pregnancy or oral contraceptives containing oestrogens (OC). We also found that 54.5% of women were worsened with oestrogen and 23% were oestrogen dependent. All patients improved on long-term prophylactic tranexamic acid treatment; some acute attacks improved with C1Inh concentrate infusion. All of the patients had normal C1Inh and C4 levels. C1Inh function was also normal, except in women receiving OC or during a pregnancy: transient, moderately low levels (32-74% of the normal range) were found in 18 patients tested (67%). No SERPING1 gene mutation was found. Six patients from three unrelated families were heterozygous for an F12 gene variant.Diagnosis of type III HAE should be based on clinical (typical attacks, often hormonally influenced), laboratory (normal C1Inh antigenic protein) and genetic (F12 gene mutation) evidence.