tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CLINICAL VERSUS EXPERIMENTAL ANASTOMOSIS OF THE HOLLOW VISCERA
Authors: MOSES BEHREND
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Our object in this paper is to attempt to clarify certain points of argument that arise at almost every state and national meeting at which surgeons gather to discuss certain fundamental principles dealing with the problems involved in the anastomosis of the hollow viscera. <h3>TYPES OF ANASTOMOSES</h3> A question that has often elicited controversy is the selection of the proper method of anastomosis of the hollow viscera. When it is admitted that no hard and fast rules can be applied to all cases requiring an anastomosis, then each case must be studied on its own merits at the time of operation. Many, in fact, the majority, at the present time believe that an end-to-end anastomosis is the only logical method. In order to determine this from the experimental standpoint, we have for the last two years studied this problem from every angle, by means of all kinds of anastomoses regarded
Blood Progenitors From Skin
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of chlorinated drinking water on human lipid metabolism.
Authors: R G Wones, C J Glueck
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Atherosclerosis with its complications is the most important health problem affecting American adults. The levels of serum cholesterol, of high and low density lipoproteins, and of apolipoproteins A1, A2, and B are major risk factors for the development of atherosclerotic lesions. Animal studies suggest that chlorinated drinking water may elevate the serum cholesterol. Studies are too limited to confirm or refute this effect in humans. Since millions of humans have and have had daily exposure to chlorinated drinking water, it is essential to study the effects of such exposure on human lipid metabolism. We have begun a protocol to discover whether consuming chlorinated drinking water elevates serum cholesterol and the other lipid components of blood known to be associated with atherosclerosis. This protocol has been designed to improve the chance of observing an effect while preserving the ability to generalize the data.
Urinary Albumin Excretion as a Predictor of Diabetic Retinopathy, Neuropathy, and Cardiovascular Disease in NIDDM
Authors: Susan Savage, Raymond O Estacio, Barrett Jeffers, Robert W Schrier
Journal: Diabetes Care (1996)

The relationship between urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and diabetic complications in NIDDM has not been studied in a large American population. The demonstrated relationship between increased UAE and the development of retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy in IDDM makes this an important issue to also be studied in NIDDM patients.A large population study of 947 NIDDM patients living predominantly in a metropolitan area was undertaken. Three categories of UAE, namely, normal albuminuria (< 20 micrograms/min), microalbuminuria (20-200 micrograms/min), and overt albuminuria (> 200 micrograms/min) were compared with 1) retinopathy as assessed by stereoscopic fundus photographs; 2) cardiovascular disease as assessed by a history of cardiac disease or stroke; ischemic changes on exercise treadmill testing; Q wave myocardial infarction; Estes, Sokolow, or Cornell criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy; positive Rose questionnaire for angina; and an abnormal Doppler exam for peripheral vascular disease; and 3) neuropathy as assessed by neurological symptom and disability scores, autonomic function testing, and quantitative sensory exams involving thermal and vibratory sensation. Selected patient characteristics were then evaluated to determine their effects on the presence of diabetic complications using univariate analyses. Multiple logistic regression analyses were then performed to determine the independent effect of UAE on these diabetic complications.chi 2 analyses revealed that UAE was significantly associated with the presence of retinopathy (P < 0.001), neuropathy (P < 0.001), and cardiovascular disease (P < 0.001). In the multiple logistic regression analyses, UAE had strong independent associations with retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease.Thus, increasing UAE in this large NIDDM population in the U.S. was associated with an increased prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. This suggests that UAE may be more than an indicator of renal disease in NIDDM patients and, in fact, may reflect a state of generalized vascular damage occurring throughout the body. Prospective studies in NIDDM patients are needed to determine the predictive effect of UAE and the effect of decreasing UAE on future diabetic micro- and macrovascular complications.
Coronary Angiographic Findings in Correlation with Age, Body Weight, Blood Pressure, Serum Lipids, and Smoking Habits
Authors: KIM CRAMÉR, SVEN PAULIN, LARS WERKÖ
Journal: Circulation (1966)

Radiological findings by coronary angiography in 224 patients, 173 males and 51 females, were graded according to the rate of filling of coronary arteries and to the presence or absence of obstruction of vessel lumen. The material was then grouped according to age, diastolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, serum glycerides, and smoking habits. Age and diastolic blood pressure were not found to have any influence on frequency of coronary artery changes, presumably because of selection of patients. In the males, elevated total serum cholesterol had only a minor influence on the frequency of coronary artery changes, while elevated glycerides were found in high frequency in patients with obstructed coronary arteries, especially in those with severe obstruction. If patients put on lipid-reducing therapy or diet were added to those with serum cholesterol higher than 280 mg/100 ml, a slight overrepresentation of coronary changes was found when compared with patients with total serum cholesterol equal to or lower than 280 mg/100 ml. The influence of elevated total serum cholesterol was in all instances inferior to that of elevated serum glycerides. Smokers showed the frequency of coronary changes the same as or higher than patients with elevated glycerides. The influence of smoking was evident also within classes of low or elevated serum lipids. While all conclusions must be interpreted with reference to the material selected as the source of our data, the importance of smoking as a causative agent independent of serum lipids appears conclusive.
Contribution of donor age to the recent decrease in patient survival among HCV-infected liver transplant recipients
Authors: Marina Berenguer, Martín Prieto, Fernando San Juan, José M. Rayón, Fernando Martinez, Domingo Carrasco, Angel Moya, Francisco Orbis, José Mir, Joaquín Berenguer
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Recurrent hepatitis occurs in the majority of patients undergoing liver transplantation for hepatitis C virus (HCV) cirrhosis, with progression to cirrhosis in up to 30% after 5 years. Based on these data, a decrease in survival can be anticipated with prolonged follow-up. Furthermore, posttransplantation HCV-fibrosis progression has been shown in recent years to increase. Our aims were (1) to describe the natural history of HCV-infected recipients, particularly to determine whether survival has decreased in recent years; (2) to compare this outcome with that observed in non-HCV-infected cirrhosis controls; and (3) to determine the factors associated with disease severity and survival. Among 522 cirrhotic patients undergoing transplantation between 1991 and 2000, 283 (54%) were infected with HCV. Yearly biopsies were performed in these recipients and at 1 and 5 years in the remainder. With similar follow-up, the percentage of deaths in the HCV(+) group was significantly higher than in the HCV- group (37% vs. 22%, P <.001), and patient survival was lower (77%, 61%, 55% vs. 87%, 76%, 70% at 1, 5, and 7 years, respectively; P =.0001). Although survival has increased in the HCV- group in recent years, it has significantly decreased in HCV recipients (P <.0001). The main cause of death among the latter was decompensated graft cirrhosis (n = 23/105, 22%), whereas that of HCV- patients was infections (n = 10/52, 19%). Reasons for the recent worse outcome in HCV+ recipients include the increased donor age and stronger immunosuppression. In conclusion, patient survival is lower among HCV+ recipients than among HCV- ones and has been decreasing in recent years. The aging of donors is a major contributor to this worse outcome.
Treatment of Malignant Pericardial Effusion
Authors: Paul T. Vaitkus
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of malignant pericardial Objective.—To fusion and focus on quantitating the success and complication rates of the many treatment modalities and updating recent advances in the field. <h3>Data Sources.</h3> —English-language publications were identified by a computerized search (MEDLINE) of these key words:<i>cancer, tumor, malignancy, pericardium</i>, and<i>pericardial effusion</i>. This computerized search was supplemented by a manual search of the bibliographies of original research articles and textbooks. <h3>Study Selection.</h3> —Studies were included if the outcome of patients undergoing treatment for malignant pericardial effusion was reported separately from the outcome of patients with other causes of pericardial effusions. Studies that only reported the combined results of patients with malignant and nonmalignant effusions were excluded. <h3>Data Extraction.</h3> —To determine success rates for the various treatment modalities, we examined freedom from symptomatic recurrence of pericardial effusion requiring reintervention as the key end point. Where appropriate, we also examined procedural mortality rates. <h3>Results.</h3> —Initial relief of symptoms is achieved in most cases with percutaneous pericardiocentesis that, with echocardiographic guidance, can be performed with low morbidity and mortality. In many cases, drainage for several days with an indwelling catheter alleviates the effusion without subsequent recurrence. Systemic antitumor therapy with chemotherapy or radiation therapy is effective in controlling malignant effusions in cases of sensitive tumors such as lymphomas, leukemias, and breast cancer. Local sclerotherapy with tetracycline hydrochloride or bleomycin sulfate is also effective and associated with low morbidity. Sclerotherapy with other agents or radionuclides offers no advantages. Of the several surgical options, subxiphoid pericardiotomy has the advantage of low morbidity and mortality, can often be performed under local anesthesia, and is highly effective in preventing recurrence. Percutaneous balloon pericardiotomy has recently been described. This intervention is performed with local anesthesia, is effective in preventing reaccumulation, and has a low morbidity. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —Treatment of malignant pericardial effusions must be individualized with consideration given to the patient's condition and tumor type, the success rates and risks of the various modalities, and local availability and expertise. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1994;272:59-64)
Abstract 5199: The biological importance of LRIG1 in lung cancer.
Authors: Samuel Kvarnbrink, Karolina Edlund, Johan Botling, Patrick Micke, Roger Henriksson, Håkan Hedman, Mikael Johansson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains (LRIG)-1 is an endogenous inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. LRIG1 is down-regulated in several forms of human cancer. The LRIG gene family also includes LRIG2 and LRIG3. EGFR signaling is important in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors are today considered standard treatment in patients with advanced disease. Since smoking recently was reported to down-regulate LRIG1 gene expression in lung epithelium and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, the LRIG family of proteins may be important in lung cancer. The objective of the present study was to investigate if LRIG is a prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and if LRIG1 have any effects of lung cancer growth in vivo and in vitro. In the present study we analyzed the LRIG protein expression by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray (TMA) from surgically treated patients with NSCLC (n=366). To study the effect of LRIG1 expression on tumor growth, an animal model was used. Transgenic mice with an inducible EGFR L858R mutation were crossbred with LRIG1 knockout mice and tumor growth was assessed with micro-MRI. The impact of ectopic LRIG1 expression on lung cancer cell proliferation was studied in vitro. In the TMA, patients with high LRIG1 expression had a significantly longer median survival than negative cases (p=0.012). In the animal model, tumor progression was significantly faster in LRIG1 knockout mice 60 days after tumor induction (p=0.025) indicating that LRIG1 is of importance in the early tumor progression. Transient ectopic expression of LRIG1 inhibited lung cancer cell proliferation in vitro. In summary, LRIG1 was a positive prognostic factor in lung cancer and LRIG1 expression inhibited lung cancer growth in vivo and in vitro. This suggests that LRIG1 is of biological importance in lung cancer and that further studies of LRIG1 as a biomarker and tumor suppressor in lung cancer are warranted. Citation Format: Samuel Kvarnbrink, Karolina Edlund, Johan Botling, Patrick Micke, Roger Henriksson, Håkan Hedman, Mikael Johansson. The biological importance of LRIG1 in lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5199. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5199
Reconstituted Collagen and Chromic Catgut Suture for Colon Anastomoses in Dogs
Authors: B. L. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Reconstituted collagen sutures demonstrate no advantages over catgut sutures in this study, which was designed to observe the physiochemical and morphological characteristics of reconstituted collagen after implantation in colon anastomoses in dogs. There are three distinct disadvantages of the collagen suture: (1) early separation and fragmentation of the suture fiber, (2) evidence of prolonged chemical irritation, and (3) hyper-fibrillosis about the suture wound in prolonged observations.
Vibrio cholerae Infections-Reply
Authors: Michael T. Kelly
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Cholera is defined as "an acute infectious disease caused by<i>Vibrio cholerae</i>and characterized by severe diarrhea and extreme fluid and electrolyte depletion, and by vomiting, muscle cramps and prostration."1 We used the term<i>cholera</i>in our article according to this established definition, which is based on clinical rather than epidemiologic characteristics. We are aware of the differences between disease caused by 01 v non-01<i>V cholerae</i>, and we addressed this point in the introductory paragraph and in the "Comment" section of our article. A major point of our paper was that non-01<i>V cholerae</i>infections may be clinically indistinguishable from 01<i>V cholerae</i>infections. This observation underscores the importance of accurate microbiological evaluation in patients with clinical manifestations that suggest cholera to establish a specific etiologic diagnosis that can form the basis for follow-up epidemiologic investigations.
Progranulin protects against amyloid β deposition and toxicity in Alzheimer's disease mouse models
Authors: S Sakura Minami, Sang-Won Min, Grietje Krabbe, Chao Wang, Yungui Zhou, Rustam Asgarov, Yaqiao Li, Lauren H Martens, Lisa P Elia, Michael E Ward, Lennart Mucke, Robert V Farese, Li Gan
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
MANEUVER TO FACILITATE PASSAGE OF CATHETER THROUGH A MARKEDLY TORTUOUS URETER FOR SECURING ROENTGENOGRAMS
Authors: Bransford Lewis
Journal: JAMA (1926)

A recent experience was interesting and valuable for developing a maneuver that paved the way to the passage of a ureteral catheter up a ureter that at first proved impassable both to the catheter and to the fluid introduced for roentgenography. Mrs. W. B., aged 71, was extremely weak and decrepit, and it was highly desirable to make a definite diagnosis of the renal condition. At cystoscopy, January 19, on the left, the catheter passed readily, but on the right side it was obstructed within an inch of the lower orifice. Several different sizes and kinds of catheter were used successively, but nothing could be made to go farther than the one inch. Holding this in place as best we could, 12 per cent sodium iodide solution was injected and a roentgenogram taken which gave us a clue at least to the situation, as shown in figure 1. The kidney
The quality enforcer
Authors: G. Watts
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> <h3>Background:</h3> Patient sex is known to affect outcomes following surgery. Prior studies have not specifically examined sex-stratified outcomes following spine surgery. The objective is to determine the differences between men and women in terms of 30-day complications following spine surgery. <h3>Methods:</h3> The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database was queried for patients undergoing spine surgery from 2005 to 2014. Postoperative data were analyzed to determine the differences between men and women with regard to 30-day complications. <h3>Results:</h3> A total of 41 315 patients (49.0% women, 51% men) were analyzed. Men were more likely to have diabetes (<i>P</i> = .004) and be active smokers (<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Women were more likely to be taking steroids for chronic conditions (<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Postoperatively, women were at increased risk for superficial surgical site infection, urinary tract infection, transfusions, and longer length of stay, whereas men were at increased risk of pneumonia and reintubation. On multivariate analysis, women were associated with urinary tract infections (odds ratio = 2.17) and transfusions (odds ratio = 1.63). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> Differences in complications are evident between men and women following spine surgery. These differences should be considered during preoperative planning and when consenting patients for surgery. <h3>Level of Evidence:</h3> 4
ACCF/AHA Clinical Practice Guideline Methodology Summit Report
Authors: Alice K. Jacobs, Frederick G. Kushner, Steven M. Ettinger, Robert A. Guyton, Jeffrey L. Anderson, E. Magnus Ohman, Nancy M. Albert, Elliott M. Antman, Donna K. Arnett, Marnie Bertolet, Deepak L. Bhatt, Ralph G. Brindis, Mark A. Creager, David L. DeMets, Kay Dickersin, Gregg C. Fonarow, Raymond J. Gibbons, Jonathan L. Halperin, Judith S. Hochman, Marguerite A. Koster, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, Eduardo Ortiz, Eric D. Peterson, William H. Roach, Ralph L. Sacco, Sidney C. Smith, William G. Stevenson, Gordon F. Tomaselli, Clyde W. Yancy, William A. Zoghbi, John G. Harold, Yulei He, Pamela B. Mangu, Amir Qaseem, Michael R. Sayre, Mark R. Somerfield
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
889 BREAKTHROUGH INFECTION IN CHILDREN BORN TO HEPATITIS B VIRUS CARRIER MOTHERS: A REAPPRAISAL OF SCREENING IN PREGNANT WOMEN AND UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION STRATEGY
Authors: H.-L. Chen, L.H. Lin, F.-C. Hu, J.-T. Lee, W.-T. Lin, Y.-J. Yang, F.-C. Huang, S.-F. Wu, S.C.-C. Chen, W.-H. Wen, C.-H. Chu, Y.-H. Ni, H.-Y. Hsu, P.-L. Tsai, C.-L. Chiang, M.-K. Shyu, P.-I. Lee, M.-H. Chang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Black under-Representation in United States Medical Schools
Authors: Boyd C. Sleeth, Robert I. Mishell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Abstract To understand why blacks are under-represented in medical schools and how this situation might be changed, we analyzed statistics on medical-school applicants, medical-school students and college undergraduates. The pool of qualified black applicants to medical schools has not been large enough to achieve appropriate black representation. If black under-representation is to be corrected, the pool of qualified black applicants must be increased. Affirmative-action programs for blacks who are already in college are unlikely to be sufficient by themselves to increase the pool of black applicants substantially. Such programs should therefore be developed for high-school students. (N Engl J Med 297:1146–1148, 1977)
Trovafloxacin Public Health Advisory
Authors: Stuart L. Nightingale
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pediatric Surgery. Volumes 1 and 2
Authors: T. C. Jewett
Journal: JAMA (1962)

In the past decade, there has been a tremendous surge of interest in the surgical care of infants and children. As a consequence, many excellent books and papers have been published on this subject; of all of these, this book is undoubtly the most thorough and complete to date. Its five editors all have a wide experience in general surgery besides a particularly excellent knowledge of the surgery of children. As a consequence, this book has a very broad base, which makes it easily understandable not only to the specialist in pediatric surgery, but also to the general surgeon, pediatrician, and general practitioner. The organization of the subject matter is excellent. The illustrations, particularly the photographs, are well done and clear. Each chapter is preceded by several pages of colored photographs representing interesting cases on the subject matter which follows; this creates additional interest for the reader. Besides the five