tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dose-response relation between physical activity and sick leave
Authors: K I Proper, S G van den Heuvel, E M De Vroome, V H Hildebrandt, A J Van der Beek
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Objective: To investigate the dose–response relation between moderate and vigorous physical activity and sick leave in a working population. Methods: Data were used from three large Dutch databases: two continuous, cross sectional surveys among a representative sample of the Dutch population and one prospective cohort study. A distinction was made between duration, frequency and intensity of physical activity. The outcome measure was the number of days of sick leave. Analyses of variance were used to compare sick leave (in days) for workers with different amounts of physical activity, in particular workers meeting the physical activity recommendations v those who did not. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to obtain effect estimates in the prospective cohort study, with the generalised estimating equation (GEE) method. Results: No relation was found between moderate physical activity and sick leave. In two databases, workers meeting the recommendation of vigorous physical activity (active at a vigorous level for at least three times a week) had significantly less sick leave: more than one day over two months and more than four days over a year. The duration of vigorous physical activity was not associated with sick leave. Conclusion: Physical activity at a vigorous intensity level for at least three times a week, as in the CDC/ACSM recommendation, has a positive effect on sick leave.
833-5 Markers of inflammation predict mortality and are reduced by pexelizumab in patients with acute myocardial infarction: Insights from the complement inhibition in myocardial infarction treated with angioplasty (COMMA) trial
Authors: Pierre Theroux, Paul W Armstrong, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Judith S Hochman, Scott Rollins, Kevin J Malloy, Thomas Parish, Jose C Nicolau, Joel Lavoie, Christopher B Granger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Complications of Daytime Elective Laparoscopic Cholecystectomies Performed by Surgeons Who Operated the Night Before
Authors: Christopher Vinden
Journal: JAMA (2013)

The effect of surgeons' disrupted sleep on patient outcomes is not clearly defined.OBJECTIVE To assess if surgeons operating the night before have more complications of elective surgery performed the next day.Population-based, matched, retrospective cohort study using administrative health care databases in Ontario, Canada (2012 population, 13 505 900).Participants were 2078 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies performed by surgeons who operated the night before, matched with 4 other elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy recipients (n = 8312). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSEXPOSURE In total, 94 183 eligible elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed between 2004 and 2011.Of these surgeries, there were 2078 procedures in which 331 different surgeons across 102 community hospitals had operated between midnight and 7 AM the night before.Each "at-risk" surgery was randomly matched with 4 other elective laparoscopic cholecystectomies (n = 8312) performed by the same surgeon, who had no evidence of having operated the night before. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was conversion from a laparoscopic cholecystectomy to open cholecystectomy.Secondary outcomes included evidence of iatrogenic injuries or death.Risks were quantified using generalized estimating equations. RESULTSNo significant association was found in conversion rates to open operations between surgeons when they operated the night before compared with when they did not operate the previous night (46/2031 [2.2%] vs 157/8124 [1.9%]; adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.18; 95% CI, 0.85-1.64).There was no association between operating the night before vs not operating the night before, and risk of iatrogenic injuries (14/2031 [0.7%] vs 72/8124 [0.9%]; adjusted OR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.43-1.37)or death (Յ5/2031 [Յ0.2%] vs 7/8124 [0.1%]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCENo significant association was found between operating the night before and not operating the previous night for conversion to open cholecystectomy, risk of iatrogenic complications, or death for elective daytime cholecystectomy.These findings do not support safety concerns related to surgeons operating the night before performing elective surgery.
Intermittent coronary sinus occlusion in humans: pressure dynamics and calculation of diagnostic quantities
Authors: W SCHREINER, F NEUMANN, J SCHUSTER, P SIMON, K C FROEHLICH, W MOHL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

Pressure controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion (PISCO) was applied in 30 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery. The occlusion and release times were manually adjusted according to visual control of the intraoperatively monitored coronary sinus pressure. In six patients the coronary sinus measurements were additionally digitised with a personal computer before postoperative mathematical analysis, which comprised automatic detection of systolic peaks, diastolic troughs, and the calculation of derived quantities. The purpose of the analysis was (a) to assess quantitatively human coronary sinus pressure dynamics, (b) to determine whether visual control and interpretation of coronary sinus pressure rise could be replaced by a mathematical model, and (c) to ascertain whether the occlusion and release cycle lengths were adequate. Numerical estimates for intraindividual and interindividual spread of calculated quantities were produced, the mathematically obtained results were related to a possible physiological interpretation, and the most efficient method of statistical analysis was ascertained. These results form the numerical basis for a closed loop adjustment of pressure controlled intermittent coronary sinus occlusion cycling.
Child Abuse Prevention and Child Home Visitation
Authors: David M. Rubin, Meredith L. Curtis, Meredith Matone
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
INTRASACCULAR SUTURE OF ANEURISMS.
Authors: W. O. BULLOCK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

It is now four years since Matas, of New Orleans, gave to the profession the result of his reasoning and experience in the treatment of aneurisms. Proceeding on well-known grounds that serous surfaces, when brought together and held together will form adhesions, and that these adhesions in time become firm and unvielding, the intima of all vascular structures being made up of endothelium or rather lined with it, it was thought and subsequently proved by him that this membrane would behave in the same way as does the peritoneum, the adhesive properties of which enable the surgeon to perform many operations on the abdominal viscera which would otherwise be impossible. The chief question to be settled before the principle could be generally adopted was: Are the adhesions so formed strong enough to resist the blood pressure behind them? This point can only be settled by the combined experience of surgeons,
AB0992 Knee lavage versus intra articular hyaluronan in advanced knee osteoarthritis
Authors: M. Mortada, E.A. Elewa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

Background Many patients with advanced knee osteoarthritis (OA) who are indicted for total knee joint replacement (TKR) are unfit for operation or refuse it for different reasons. Palliative treatment for this group of patients may be important for decreasing pain and improving function. Objectives The aim of this study was to compare the benefits of the knee joint lavage (KJL) and intra-articular hyalurinic acid injections (HAIs) in patients with advanced OA of the knee. Methods We performed a single-centre, single blind, randomized, parallel group trial comparing KJL and HAIs. Patients with advanced knee OA (Kellgren/Lawrence score 4) who are indicted for TKR and unfit or refuse to have TKR, were randomized to either knee lavage using the 2 needle technique (1) or a weekly intra-articular injection of hyalurinic acid for 3 weeks. Patients were followed for 12 months. The primary outcome measures were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index total pain score WOMAC (a Likert scale). Results seventy patients were recruited of whom 36 received KJL and 34 received HAIs. At the end of the 1st month, there was a reduction in the WOMAC pain score of 80% and 40% in KJL and HAIs groups respectively. At this time point just (32 patients) 88.9% and (17 patients) 50% of patients in KJL and HAIs groups respectively felt that their knee pain had improved compared to baseline. At the end of the 6th month post injection, there was a reduction in the WOMAC pain score of 50% and 10% in KJL and HAIs groups respectively. At this time point just (21patients)58.3% and (4 patients)11.8% of patients in KJL and HAIs groups respectively felt that their knee pain had improved compared to baseline. At the end of the 9th month post injection, there was a reduction in the WOMAC pain score of 25% and 5% in KJL and HAIs groups respectively. At this time point just 27.7%(10 patients) and 5.9% (2 patients) of patients in KJL and HAIs groups respectively felt that their knee pain had improved compared to baseline. By the end of the 12th month, none of patients in both groups felt that his knee pain had improved compared to baseline and there was no reduction in WOMAC pain score At the ends of 1st, 6th and 9th months, the improvement in WOMAC pain score and the number of subjects reporting an improvement in symptoms was significantly greater in the KJL group compared to the HAIs group (p<0.001). Conclusions In patients with advance OA, KJL improved pain better than HAIs and for a longer duration. 1. Ayral X. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2005 Jun;19(3):401-15. Disclosure of Interest None Declared
A DUCTION INDICATOR AND PHOROMETER COMBINED.
Authors: A. E. PRINCE
Journal: JAMA (1898)

In 1892 I conceived the idea of simplifying the determination of the static relation of the optic axes by placing a Maddox rod behind two rotating prisms, thus avoiding the necessity of employing a series of prisms, and presented this conception in a paper read before the Ophthalmological Section of theAmerican Medical Association, at Detroit. In 1893 this idea was embodied in my phorometer published in the Archives of Ophthalmology . This conception has been adopted by Wilson in the construction of his instrument. The dial is so graduated as to indicate the combined effect of the two prisms in every possible relation to one another, and each quadrant of the dial is lettered to indicate the character of heterophoria. In testing for hyperphoria, the index will point to R.H., L.H., or 0, denoting the degree of right or left hyperphoria, or the existence of neither. Similarly in observations relative
Effect of Telephone-Administered vs Face-to-face Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Adherence to Therapy and Depression Outcomes Among Primary Care Patients
Authors: David C. Mohr, Joyce Ho, Jenna Duffecy, Douglas Reifler, Leslie Sokol, Michelle Nicole Burns, Ling Jin, Juned Siddique
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Primary care is the most common site for the treatment of depression. Most depressed patients prefer psychotherapy over antidepressant medications, but access barriers are believed to prevent engagement in and completion of treatment. The telephone has been investigated as a treatment delivery medium to overcome access barriers, but little is known about its efficacy compared with face-to-face treatment delivery.To examine whether telephone-administered cognitive behavioral therapy (T-CBT) reduces attrition and is not inferior to face-to-face CBT in treating depression among primary care patients.A randomized controlled trial of 325 Chicago-area primary care patients with major depressive disorder, recruited from November 2007 to December 2010.Eighteen sessions of T-CBT or face-to-face CBT.The primary outcome was attrition (completion vs noncompletion) at posttreatment (week 18). Secondary outcomes included masked interviewer-rated depression with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Ham-D) and self-reported depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9).Significantly fewer participants discontinued T-CBT (n = 34; 20.9%) compared with face-to-face CBT (n = 53; 32.7%; P = .02). Patients showed significant improvement in depression across both treatments (P < .001). There were no significant treatment differences at posttreatment between T-CBT and face-to-face CBT on the Ham-D (P = .22) or the PHQ-9 (P = .89). The intention-to-treat posttreatment effect size on the Ham-D was d = 0.14 (90% CI, -0.05 to 0.33), and for the PHQ-9 it was d = -0.02 (90% CI, -0.20 to 0.17). Both results were within the inferiority margin of d = 0.41, indicating that T-CBT was not inferior to face-to-face CBT. Although participants remained significantly less depressed at 6-month follow-up relative to baseline (P < .001), participants receiving face-to-face CBT were significantly less depressed than those receiving T-CBT on the Ham-D (difference, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.20-4.63; P < .001) and the PHQ-9 (difference, 2.12; 95% CI, 0.68-3.56; P = .004).Among primary care patients with depression, providing CBT over the telephone compared with face-to-face resulted in lower attrition and close to equivalent improvement in depression at posttreatment. At 6-month follow-up, patients remained less depressed relative to baseline; however, those receiving face-to-face CBT were less depressed than those receiving T-CBT. These results indicate that T-CBT improves adherence compared with face-to-face delivery, but at the cost of some increased risk of poorer maintenance of gains after treatment cessation.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00498706.
Enhanced infarct stabilization and neovascularization mediated by VEGF-loaded PEGylated fibrinogen hydrogel in a rodent myocardial infarction model
Authors: Abdul Jalil Rufaihah, Srirangam Ramanujam Vaibavi, Marian Plotkin, Jiayi Shen, Venkateswaran Nithya, Jing Wang, Dror Seliktar, Theodoros Kofidis
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Letter Regarding Article, “Echocardiography Screening for Rheumatic Heart Disease in Ugandan Schoolchildren”
Authors: Bongani M. Mayosi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

I applaud Beaton et al 1 for reporting the largest echocardiographic survey of rheumatic heart disease among school children in Africa.This work represents a suitable response to the call of the Pan African Society of Cardiology for the control of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease on the African continent through the Awareness Surveillance Advocacy and Prevention Programme. 2In my opinion, however, several issues need to be addressed by the authors of this report.First, the concluding statement of the abstract implies that this is the first echocardiographic survey of the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in sub-Saharan Africa.The first echocardiographic survey of the prevalence of rheumatic heart disease, which is not cited by the authors, was conducted by Anabwani and Bonheoffer in Kenya in 1996. 3In a survey of 1115 children in Kenya, 3.0 had clinical and echocardiographic evidence of rheumatic heart disease, giving a prevalence rate of 2.7 per 1000, whereas 6.2% had trivial mitral regurgitation, 0.3% trivial aortic regurgitation, and 0.4% isolated mild-to-moderate regurgitation of the pulmonary valve.Therefore, the statement by the authors in the introductory section of the article that "the search for subclinical disease in this region, has thus far, been limited to Mozambique" may not be accurate. 1econd, although the authors refer to sub-Saharan Africa as the region of the world with the greatest burden of rheumatic heart disease, recent evidence suggests that this dubious distinction may apply to the 51 million people who live in the Central Asian republics of Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan.Among developing countries, Kyrgyzstan probably has the highest incidence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease of Ϸ543 per 100 000 population per year. 4inally, it is curious that the authors do not indicate whether there is a national program for the primary, secondary, and tertiary
Pemetrexed and Gemcitabine as Combination Therapy for the Treatment of Group3 Medulloblastoma
Authors: Marie Morfouace, Anang Shelat, Megan Jacus, Burgess B. Freeman, David Turner, Sarah Robinson, Frederique Zindy, Yong-Dong Wang, David Finkelstein, Olivier Ayrault, Laure Bihannic, Stephanie Puget, Xiao-Nan Li, James M. Olson, Giles W. Robinson, R. Kiplin Guy, Clinton F. Stewart, Amar Gajjar, Martine F. Roussel
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Ethyl Alcohol Enhances Plasminogen Activator Secretion by Endothelial Cells
Authors: Walter E. Laug
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Confluent cultures of cloned bovine endothelial cells, which were derived from large vessels, produced and secreted plasminogen activator (PA) at constant rates. Exposure of these cultures to increasing concentrations of ethyl alcohol resulted in a significant augmentation of PA production and secretion. This effect, which was observed after three hours and was maximal after 18 hours of incubation, was abolished by simultaneous exposure of the cultures to cycloheximide, indicating that active protein synthesis was necessary for the observed increase of PA activity. Other aliphatic alcohols such as propanol and butanol also significantly augmented PA production and secretion by endothelial cells, whereas acetaldehyde and acetylcoenzyme A, known metabolites of ethyl alcohol, had no stimulatory effect on protease secretion by the cells. Therefore, the alcohol itself rather than its metabolites was responsible for the enhancement of PA secretion by endothelial cells. These in vitro studies may explain the increased fibrinolytic activity found in the plasma of persons consuming moderate amounts of alcohol. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;250:772-776)
Viral Endomyocardial Infection Is an Independent Predictor and Potentially Treatable Risk Factor for Graft Loss and Coronary Vasculopathy in Pediatric Cardiac Transplant Recipients
Authors: Mousumi Moulik, John P. Breinholt, William J. Dreyer, Debra L. Kearney, Jack F. Price, Sarah K. Clunie, Brady S. Moffett, Jeffrey J. Kim, Joseph W. Rossano, John Lynn Jefferies, Karla R. Bowles, E. O'Brian Smith, Neil E. Bowles, Susan W. Denfield, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)

This study sought to evaluate the outcome and prevalence of viral endomyocardial infection after cardiac transplantation. Viral myocardial infection causes heart failure, but its role after cardiac transplantation is unclear. We hypothesized that viral infection of the cardiac allograft reduces graft survival. Between June 1999 and November 2004, 94 pediatric cardiac transplant patients were screened for the presence of viral genome in serial endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Graft loss, advanced transplant coronary artery disease (TCAD), and acute rejection (AR) were compared in the PCR-positive (n = 37) and PCR-negative (n = 57) groups, using time-dependent Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses. From November 2002 to November 2004, intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (IVIG) was administered to patients with PCR-positive EMBs. The outcomes of the IVIG-treated, PCR-positive patients (n = 20) were compared with IVIG-untreated, PCR-positive patients (n = 17). Viral genomes were detected in EMBs from 37 (39%) patients; parvovirus B19, adenovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) were the most common. The PCR-positive group (n = 37, 25% graft loss at 2.4 years) had decreased graft survival (p < 0.001) compared with the PCR-negative group (n = 57, 25% graft loss at 8.7 years) and developed advanced TCAD prematurely (p = 0.001). The number of AR episodes was similar in both groups. On multivariate analysis, presence of viral genome was an independent risk factor for graft loss (relative risk: 4.2, p = 0.015). The time to advanced TCAD after becoming PCR-positive was longer in the IVIG-treated patients (p = 0.03) with a trend toward improved graft survival (p = 0.06). Viral endomyocardial infection is an independent predictor of graft loss in pediatric cardiac transplant recipients. This effect appears to be mediated through premature development of advanced TCAD. IVIG therapy in this subgroup may improve survival and merits further investigation.
VENTRICULAR, VALVULAR, AND VASCULAR ADAPTATION TO AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS. INTEGRATED FREQUENCY-DOMAIN AND WAVE-INTENSITY ANALYSES IN EXPERIMENTAL CHRONIC DISEASE
Authors: Raquel Yotti, Javier Bermejo, Jose Luis Rojo-Alvarez, Ian Burwash, Candelas Perez del Villar Moro, Enrique Gutierrez-Ibanes, Ana Gonzalez-Mansilla, Catherine Otto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Clinical Tests of Oesophageal Function
Authors: Charles S. Winans
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Since the first clinical application of intraluminal manometry to the study of esophageal motor function in the 1950s, a variety of other test procedures have been developed for study of the physiology and pathophysiology of the esophagus and its sphincters. For example, the acid perfusion test detects esophageal acid sensitivity, the acid clearance test evaluates the efficiency of esophageal peristalsis in ridding the esophagus of acid material, and several types of acid reflux tests purport to document the frequency and severity of gastroesophageal reflux. From the title of this new book, authored by a distinguished British surgeon, the reader would expect considerable discussion of the rationale, technique, interpretation and significance of these tests. However, I was surprised to find such discussion skimpy. Particularly disappointing was the absence of critical evaluation of these test procedures and an objective appraisal of their actual usefulness in clinical medicine. Despite its title, this monograph