tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Discrepancies in autologous bone marrow stem cell trials and enhancement of ejection fraction (DAMASCENE): weighted regression and meta-analysis
Authors: A. N. Nowbar, M. Mielewczik, M. Karavassilis, H.-M. Dehbi, M. J. Shun-Shin, S. Jones, J. P. Howard, G. D. Cole, D. P. Francis
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objective</b> To investigate whether discrepancies in trials of use of bone marrow stem cells in patients with heart disease account for the variation in reported effect size in improvement of left ventricular function. <b>Design</b> Identification and counting of factual discrepancies in trial reports, and sample size weighted regression against therapeutic effect size. Meta-analysis of trials that provided sufficient information. <b>Data sources</b> PubMed and Embase from inception to April 2013. <b>Eligibility for selecting studies</b> Randomised controlled trials evaluating the effect of autologous bone marrow stem cells for heart disease on mean left ventricular ejection fraction. <b>Results</b> There were over 600 discrepancies in 133 reports from 49 trials. There was a significant association between the number of discrepancies and the reported increment in EF with bone marrow stem cell therapy (Spearman's <i>r</i>=0.4, P=0.005). Trials with no discrepancies were a small minority (five trials) and showed a mean EF effect size of −0.4%. The 24 trials with 1-10 discrepancies showed a mean effect size of 2.1%. The 12 with 11-20 discrepancies showed a mean effect of size 3.0%. The three with 21-30 discrepancies showed a mean effect size of 5.7%. The high discrepancy group, comprising five trials with over 30 discrepancies each, showed a mean effect size of 7.7%. <b>Conclusions</b> Avoiding discrepancies is difficult but is important because discrepancy count is related to effect size. The mechanism is unknown but should be explored in the design of future trials because in the five trials without discrepancies the effect of bone marrow stem cell therapy on ejection fraction is zero.
Cardiac output measured by impedance cardiography during maximal exercise tests
Authors: K.-K. TEO, M. D HETHERINGTON, R. G HAENNEL, P. V GREENWOOD, R. E ROSSALL, T. KAPPAGODA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1985)

The overall accuracy of cardiac output measurements made by impedance cardiography during maximum exercise was studied in man. Initially, the systematic error of the technique was assessed over the range 3.5 to 18 litre·min−1 by comparing with simultaneous measurements of cardiac output made using the direct Fick method. No systemic error was demonstrated in 40 estimations made in 20 subjects. The random error was assessed in 4 subjects in a steady state at rest and during exercise at 80 and 130 W and found to be less than 5% in each subject. The reproducibility of maximum exercise response was assessed in six healthy male subjects (age 26.2 ± 4.4 years, ± SEM) who underwent maximum exercise tests twice, 1 week apart, on a bicycle ergometer. Simultaneous recordings of cardiac output and oxygen uptake (VO2) at rest and during each 3 min stage of exercise were made. Highly significant correlations were obtained in the stroke volume (r = 0.84, p<0.001), cardiac output (r = 0.98, p<0.001) and VO2 (r = 0.98, p<0.001) between the two tests. Average maximum cardiac output was 27.0 ± 1.2 litre·min−1 (± SEM) and maximum VO2 was 4.4 ± 0.2 litre·min−1 (± SEM). These results show that measurements of cardiac output were reproducible over one week. Impedance cardiography is non-invasive technique which is as accurate as invasive methods and can be used for maximal exercise testing.
Reply to B.M. Strebel
Authors: Fabrice Barlesi, Arnaud Scherpereel, Achim Rittmeyer, Antonio Pazzola, Joo-Hang Kim, Myung-Ju Ahn, Joachim G.J.V. Aerts, Anders Vikström, Harry J.M. Groen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)
What brings pericytes to tumor vessels?
Authors: Rakesh K. Jain, Michael F. Booth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2003)

Paracrine signaling via platelet-derived growth factor B (PDGFB), expressed by endothelial cells, and its receptor PDGFR-β, expressed by pericytes, plays a central role in blood vessel maturation. A new study reveals that it is not just the presence of PDGFB, but how it is presented to pericytes, that determines the quality of the endothelium-pericyte interaction.
A NICE mess
Authors: Susham Gupta, James Warner
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

History tells us that whenever there is excessive central control, there is always a possibility of stifling creativity, flexibility and—potentially—growth. The relative economic success of the capitalist model versus the communist is one worth reflecting on. Psychiatry in many ways is probably a branch of medicine where a degree of flexibility and creativity play an integral part. Flexibility does not necessarily mean taking risks. A proscriptive approach can adversely affect the way psychiatric teams work; by enforcing guidelines, clinicians may feel pressurized to take an algorithmic approach, leading to intellectual redundancy when practicing the art and science of psychiatry.

When the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) was conceived by the Department of Health in the late 1990s, it was expected to raise clinical and social care standards, standardize delivery of care and reduce local variations so that NHS organizations could benchmark their performance against it. NICE—and its reincarnation, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, also called NICE—is an independent organization which aims to promote health by prevention and treatment of diseases. It has recently been plagued by controversies and the early promise has dimmed somewhat. Recent guidelines on mental health have also attracted controversies.

The interpretation of these guidelines can also lead to confusion. Guidelines are meant to be just that. The rubric in all NICE documents states the guidance is ‘not a substitute for professional knowledge and clinical judgement’ and they ‘do not override the individual responsibility of healthcare professionals to make appropriate decisions’. Unfortunately, guidelines may gain the status of indisputable recommendations, not least in primary care trusts where managers control the purse-strings. Furthermore, although NICE guidelines can be very helpful in guiding clinicians and patients, they focus on the clinical problem and cannot take into account various other factors (e.g. physical and psychological co-morbidities, social and cultural issues) that make each patient unique. These nuances are mostly lost in the environment of clinical trials, making it counter-intuitive to rigorously translate evidence to the individual, and are often impossible to take into account while formulating guidelines despite playing a major role in clinical judgement, decision making, care planning and the ultimate clinical outcome.
Career Satisfaction in Female Physicians
Authors: Gail Erlick Robinson
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bumps and Lumps in the Sun—Mercury Sensitivity in Tattoos—A Photo-Allergic Reaction in Red Pigment.
Authors: Norman Goldstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Bumps and Lumps in the Sun—Mercury Sensitivity in Tattoos—A Photo-Allergic Reaction in Red Pigment.Norman GoldsteinNorman GoldsteinSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1069_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAllergic reactions to tattoo pigments are infrequently seen. Previous investigators reporting reactions to red tattoo pigment (mercuric sulfide) claim mercury-containing ointments or immunization agents containing mercury preservatives as inciting factors.A 2-year study of 15 servicemen is presented. The subjects had either nodular or verrucose reactions sharply limited to red tattoos. Immunizations and occupational factors as well as topical mercury preparations were not related to the development of the somewhat bizarre tattoo patterns.Each subject noted pruritus and subsequent nodular or wart-like formations after sun exposure. The duration of the tattoo before the symptoms ranged from 2 weeks to 17... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Norman GoldsteinAffiliations: MC USA Honolulu, Hawaii PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1069-1069KeywordsAllergy and immunologyOintmentsPreservativesPruritus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
SCAR MORPHOLOGY IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS: IMPLICATIONS FOR RISK STRATIFICATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY
Authors: Jaimie Manlucu, Lorne J. Gula, Mohammed Al-Admawi, Raymond Yee, Andrew Krahn, Allan Skanes, George Klein, Nowell Fine, Terry Thompson, Maria Drangova, James A. White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Extracorporeal photopheresis: Past, present, and future
Authors: Robert Knobler, Mark L. Barr, Daniel R. Couriel, James L.M. Ferrara, Lars E. French, Peter Jaksch, Walter Reinisch, Alain H. Rook, Thomas Schwarz, Hildegard Greinix
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
FIRST-IN-MAN STUDY OF LOW-DOSE PACLITAXEL -ELUTING STENT WITH A NOVEL BIODEGRADABLE COATING
Authors: Daisaku Nakatani, Yasuhiro Honda, Katsuhisa Waseda, Junya Ako, Carlos Calderas, Jose A. Condado, Peter J. Fitzgerald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Malfunctioning Neonatal Incubators
Authors: Gary H. Harding
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent letter to the editor (1982;247:2372), Marlene Haffner, MD, of the Food and Drug Administration, reported the results of an FDA investigation of an infant death attributed to a malfunctioning incubator. She stated that an Air Shields C86 Isolette incubator over-heated because the primary thermostat functioned intermittently and the backup thermostat (a mercury-in-glass thermometer) was also broken. She went on to state the following: Analysis shows further that backup safety thermostats can malfunction from mercury column separation caused by rough handling of the incubator or its power pack. Once again, the inadequacies of the FDA are painfully apparent. In September 1976, Emergency Care Research Institute (ECRI) completed a contract study for the FDA and specifically informed them of the possible dangers of mercury-in-glass thermostat failures.<sup>1</sup>We stated the following: Mercury-in-glass fixed temperature point thermostats shall not be used as safety thermostats because they are
Anomalous Systemic Arterial Supply to the Lung Causing Pulmonary-Artery Hypertension
Authors: S. Bert Litwin, William H. Plauth, Alexander S. Nadas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

ABERRANT arterial supply from the systemic circulation to a portion of the lung as a cause of pulmonary-artery hypertension and congestive heart failure in the newhorn infant has not heen descrihed. An infant who had cardiac failure showed immediate clinical improvement alter interruption of the abnormal blood supply, and the pulmonary hypertension disappeared.Case ReportC.C. (C.H.M.C.. 66 23 31), a nonidentical twin with a birth weight of 2778 g (6 lb, 2 oz), showed duskiness of the skin and lips within the 1st few hours, as well as moderate tachypnea. By 24 hours of age respiratory distress was present, . . .
Ventilation???Perfusion Mismatch Caused by Extrinsic Compression of the Pulmonary Artery Correlative Imaging
Authors: DWIGHT M. ACHONG
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

An unsuspected right hilar mass causing extrinsic pulmonary artery compression without pulmonary vein or bronchial compromise manifested scintigraphically as a lobar ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Correlative angiographic and CT imaging is presented.
THE OPTIMUM HYDROGEN ION CONCENTRATION FOR THE GROWTH OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: K. G. Dernby, O. T. Avery
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1918)

1. The optimum hydrogen ion concentration for the growth of the various types of pneumococcus is a pH of about 7.8. 2. The limiting hydrogen ion concentrations for the growth of pneumococcus are a pH of 7.0 and a pH of 8.3. 3. Phosphates used in adjusting reactions of media retard growth if present in a concentration greater than 0.1 molecular. 4. Culture media for pneumococci should, therefore, have an initial reaction between a pH of 7.8 and 8.0 and a total salt concentration not exceeding 0.1 M.
DEATH FOLLOWING THE ADMINISTRATION OF THEOCIN
Authors: WILLIAM W. CADBURY
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The value of theocin as a diuretic in certain diseases has been well established. Christian,<sup>1</sup>in a careful analysis of a variety of cases, concluded that in conditions in which there is little edema the drug has no effect, whereas in diseases of the cardiorenal systems in which edema is present theocin is of distinct therapeutic value. No cases of death or untoward symptoms directly following the administration of theocin have come under my personal observation. It frequently produces dizziness and nausea, and vomiting may result from taking it by mouth, but these symptoms may be avoided by exercising greater care in its administration and by dieting the patient at the time the theocin is given. In the following two cases therapeutic doses of theocin were followed so quickly by signs of heart failure and death that it seems certain that the drug was responsible for the fatal outcome.
Memory regulatory T cells reside in human skin
Authors: Robert Sanchez Rodriguez, Mariela L. Pauli, Isaac M. Neuhaus, Siegrid S. Yu, Sarah T. Arron, Hobart W. Harris, Sara Hsin-Yi Yang, Bryan A. Anthony, Francis M. Sverdrup, Elisabeth Krow-Lucal, Tippi C. MacKenzie, David S. Johnson, Everett H. Meyer, Andrea Löhr, Andro Hsu, John Koo, Wilson Liao, Rishu Gupta, Maya G. Debbaneh, Daniel Butler, Monica Huynh, Ethan C. Levin, Argentina Leon, William Y. Hoffman, Mary H. McGrath, Michael D. Alvarado, Connor H. Ludwig, Hong-An Truong, Megan M. Maurano, Iris K. Gratz, Abul K. Abbas, Michael D. Rosenblum
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are characterized by expression of the transcription factor Foxp3, are a dynamic and heterogeneous population of cells that control immune responses and prevent autoimmunity. We recently identified a subset of Tregs in murine skin with properties typical of memory cells and defined this population as memory Tregs (mTregs). Due to the importance of these cells in regulating tissue inflammation in mice, we analyzed this cell population in humans and found that almost all Tregs in normal skin had an activated memory phenotype. Compared with mTregs in peripheral blood, cutaneous mTregs had unique cell surface marker expression and cytokine production. In normal human skin, mTregs preferentially localized to hair follicles and were more abundant in skin with high hair density. Sequence comparison of TCRs from conventional memory T helper cells and mTregs isolated from skin revealed little homology between the two cell populations, suggesting that they recognize different antigens. Under steady-state conditions, mTregs were nonmigratory and relatively unresponsive; however, in inflamed skin from psoriasis patients, mTregs expanded, were highly proliferative, and produced low levels of IL-17. Taken together, these results identify a subset of Tregs that stably resides in human skin and suggest that these cells are qualitatively defective in inflammatory skin disease.
Scientific Basis of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
Authors: Allan G. Charles
Journal: JAMA (1986)

This fine volume contains 14 chapters dealing with various topics in obstetrics and gynecology. The objective is to convey to the reader an understanding of the scientific basis of the specialty, enabling students to further their development and clinicians to understand advances in subjects not even in the curriculum when they were students. In general, the authors succeed in their task. This volume is well edited and well written. Each chapter has a clear outline preceding the text. The bibliographies and reference lists are extensive and up-to-date. The chapters "Prostaglandins," "Ultrasound," "Natural History of the Origin of Cervical Cancer," and "Radiobiology of Ionizing Radiation Therapy" are clearly written by experts with international reputations. The chapters "Sexual Dysfunction" and "Medical Ethics" are important contributions to these relatively little-taught but increasingly important topics. The former, by Parsons and Dodd, contains an excellent presentation covering the anatomy and physiology of human sexual response,
Patient-Initiated Laboratory Testing: No Gatekeeper, No Kidding
Authors: Jeffrey S. Wolfe
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.—  According to Dr Soloway, 1 open access to laboratory testing is desirable and inevitable. By removing the physician as gatekeeper for laboratory testing, Dr Soloway argues that there would be less need for inconvenient and expensive office visits, particularly for sophisticated patients who desire only a pregnancy test or serum cholesterol test.  Patient-initiated testing would create a new and unprecedented channel of information transfer from the laboratory to the patient that would bypass the physician. Test interpretation would become the responsibility of the patient, encouraging self-diagnosis and treatment. This would place inappropriate emphasis on test results, supplanting other important sources of information such as the history and physical examination. Does Dr Soloway consider test interpretation by the knowledgeable and unbiased physician to be of no value? Should laboratory technologists be informing patients that they have serious illnesses such as acute leukemia? Is the laboratory responsible (and liable)
Chronic Disease and Disability in the Community: A Prevalence Study
Authors: A. E. Bennett, J. Garrad, T. Halil
Journal: BMJ (1970)

A two-stage prevalence survey of disability (defined as the inability to perform unaided defined activities essential to daily life) used questionnaires on a random sample of the population living in north Lambeth. The central estimates of the prevalence of disability in those aged 35-74 are 7.2% for men and 9.7% for women. Among the disabled population locomotor impairments were more common in women; internal impairments were more common in men. For men and women together chronic respiratory disease, mainly bronchitis, was shown to be the single most common condition associated with disability.Though for women there may be an association between low social class and disability and between marital break-up and disability, these associations, though statistically significant, are weak. The data are therefore considered to be more widely relevant for the planning of health and welfare services.
Nursing: Breaking the Bonds?
Authors: Emily Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

IN SPITE OF nursing's historic ability to beat the odds, and its recent record of accomplishment and growing power, the profession's future is uncertain. It is, like most of health care, facing restricted funding, work force shortages, rationing, and political upheavals. In addition, nursing faces specific dilemmas that have plagued it for more than 100 years: what nursing is, who should practice it, with what preparation, and in what setting. The profession has not yet answered these questions to its own satisfaction, much less to the satisfaction of anyone outside the field. But because nursing—whatever it is—is so essential to health care, its problems can easily become the problems of health care as a whole. That has been demonstrated by the domino effect of the current nursing shortage on other providers. It therefore seems likely that as nursing seeks to take a unified stand about its own future, a great
Responsiveness of neoplastic and hyperplastic parathyroid tissues to calcium in vitro.
Authors: J F Habener
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Secretory and biosynthetic responses of adenomatous, carcinomatous, and hyperplastic parathyroid tissues to variable concentrations of extracellular calcium were assessed in vitro. Tissues, obtained at the time of parathyroidectomy, were incubated for 4 h in media containing radioactive amino acids and varying (0.5-5.0 mM) concentrations of calcium. Amounts of newly synthesized and total parathyroid hormone and proparathyroid hormone in extracts of tissues and media were measured by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and by radioimmunoassay, respectively. All tissues studied (six adenomas, two specimens of chief-cell hyperplasia, one carcinoma, and normal bovine and human glands) responded to changes in calcium concentrations; decreasing concentrations of calcium stimulated release and decreased tissue storage of hormone. Six of the abnormal tissues required greater than normal concentrations of calcium (1.8-2.4 mM for 50% of effect) to elicit secretory responses comparable with those of normal glands (1.4 mM). Maximum effects of calcium on release of hormone varied from 2- to 10-fold among different tissues. Release of some hormone persisted even in concentrations of calcium as high as 5.0 mM. Relative amounts of hormone released from and retained in the tissues varied greatly among the tissues, as did the absolute amounts of hormone produced; newly synthesized, labeled hormone ranged between 0.6 and 12% of total labeled protein, and immunoreactive hormone ranged between 0.015 and 0.9% of total tissue protein. Effects of calcium on hormone biosynthesis, as determined by analyses of amounts of proparathyroid hormone in the tissues, were variable among tissues and in many cases were negligible. These results indicate that neoplastic and hyperplastic parathyroid tissues retain secretory responsiveness to changes in extracellular concentrations of calcium. Responses, however, are highly variable among different tissues, and in many instances are abnormal, inasmuch as greater than normal concentrations of calcium are required to alter release and synthesis of hormone. A combination of both increased mass of glandular tissue and abnormal regulations of hormone secretion appear to contribute to the hypersecretion of hyperparathyroidism.
Synaptotagmin-mediated vesicle fusion regulates cell migration
Authors: Richard A Colvin, Terry K Means, Thomas J Diefenbach, Luis F Moita, Robert P Friday, Sanja Sever, Gabriele S V Campanella, Tabitha Abrazinski, Lindsay A Manice, Catarina Moita, Norma W Andrews, Dianqing Wu, Nir Hacohen, Andrew D Luster
Journal: Nature Immunology (2010)