tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Classifying Choledochal Cysts Using Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: ANSHU RAJNISH, SANJAY GAMBHIR, BIRENDRA K. DAS, RAJAN SAXENA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

This retrospective study was designed to classify choledochal cysts on the basis of the findings of hepatobiliary scintigraphy.Twenty-one patients with choledochal cysts (15 female, 6 male; mean age, 20 years) proved on the findings of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or surgery and histopathologic analysis were included in the study. Two nuclear medicine physicians, blinded with regard to cholangiographic and operative details, were asked to review and to classify the type of choledochal cyst seen on the hepatobiliary scan. Later, scintigraphic results were compared with ERCP and surgical findings for a reference standard.The findings of hepatobiliary scintigraphy correlated with ERCP and surgical findings in 18 of 21 cases (86%). Scintiscans correctly identified all type 1 cysts (12/12). The sensitivity of scintigraphy in diagnosing type 4 cysts was 66% (6 of 9 cases). It underestimated the intrahepatic extent of disease in type 4a biliary cysts (37%).This study illustrates the utility of hepatobiliary scintigraphy in diagnosing type 1 and 4 choledochal cysts.
Screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) in men 65 to 74 years of age was cost-effective for AAA mortality at 10 years
Authors: Laura Rees Willett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source Citation Thompson SG, Ashton HA, Gao L, Scott RA; Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study group. Screening men for abdominal aortic aneurysm: 10 year mortality and cost effectiveness results from the randomised Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study. BMJ. 2009;338:b2307. 19553269
Symptoms related to asthma and chronic bronchitis in three areas of Sweden
Authors: E Bjornsson, P Plaschke, E Norrman, C Janson, B Lundback, A Rosenhall, N Lindholm, L Rosenhall, E Berglund, G Boman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Does the prevalence of respiratory symptoms differ between regions? As a part of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey, we present data from an international questionnaire on asthma symptoms occurring during a 12 month period, smoking and symptoms of chronic bronchitis. The questionnaire was mailed to 10,800 persons aged 20-44 yrs living in three regions of Sweden (Vasterbotten, Uppsala and Goteborg) with different environmental characteristics. The total response rate was 86%. Wheezing was reported by 20.5%, and the combination of wheezing without a cold and wheezing with breathlessness by 7.4%. The use of asthma medication was reported by 5.3%. Long-term cough and/or morning cough together with problems with phlegm was reported by 12.8%; the prevalence being highest in the most polluted area (Goteborg). When using multivariate analysis, no significant difference in asthma-related symptoms was found between the centres. Women reported cough more frequently, but otherwise gender did not influence symptom prevalence. Our results indicate that bronchitis symptoms occur more frequently in Goteborg, the most polluted of the Swedish centres, but that the prevalence rates of asthma-related symptoms do not differ between these three regions.
Mutations of DEPDC5 cause autosomal dominant focal epilepsies
Authors: Saeko Ishida, Fabienne Picard, Gabrielle Rudolf, Eric Noé, Guillaume Achaz, Pierre Thomas, Pierre Genton, Emeline Mundwiller, Markus Wolff, Christian Marescaux, Richard Miles, Michel Baulac, Edouard Hirsch, Eric Leguern, Stéphanie Baulac
Journal: Nature Genetics (2013)
The Usefulness of Urban Paramedics
Authors: Ray M. Wright
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  As a coordinator of a paramedic training program and a cited author, 1 I must take issue with the assumptions advanced by Drs Smith and Bodai 2 in their article,  Urban Paramedic's Scope of Practice.  The authors suggest that few data exist to support the urban paramedic's usefulness beyond the realm of intubation, defibrillation, and administration of certain drugs. Because of this paucity of evidence, the paramedic's role and training should be reduced to those areas where research suggests a benefit. The advantage would be a  reduction in the cost of training, equipment, and regulation. 2   Their documentation 3 fails to suggest that training costs are currently excessive. Studies have suggested the advanced prehospital care may already be cost efficient. 4,5   Would reducing a paramedic's training by about 25% (eliminating the medical emergency components of a standard program) save a substantial amount of money? Reduction
Public Financing of Medical Education, Research, Health and Medical Care
Authors: Allan M. Butler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

DISCUSSION of the bills pertaining to medical education, research, health and medical care that are now before the Congress indicates a considerable public interest in these matters. The increase in the effectiveness of modern medicine and in the cost of medical care has forced this interest upon the public. The public is not only interested as consumer but also as financier. The fact that in 1946 the public through Government contributed some $1,200,000,000 for health and medical care is a measure of the failure of philanthropy and private charity to meet the needs.The increase in the number of hospitals . . .
Hormonal Responses to Large Paracentesis: Are Discordant Results Due to Technologic Differences?
Authors: Joan Rodes
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

The use of paracentesis has recently been reproposed as a safe and effective alternative to diuretics for management of ascites. We have investigated the clinical and biochemical effects of large–volume paracentesis in 19 cirrhotics with tense ascites, and the relative changes in the hormones involved in sodium and water renal handling. Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (PA), and arginine vasopressin (AVP) levels and conventional liver and renal function tests were measured before and 1, 2 and 7 days after the paracentesis. No complications were observed, but patients regained 37% of the weight lost after 1 wk. Percent weight regained was significantly and directly correlated with PA concentration measured before the paracentesis. No changes were recorded after paracentesis in biochemical and clinical data, except for a significant drop in diastolic blood pressure. No changes in AVP levels were observed. A signficant increse in PA occured after paracentesis, with a maximum peak after 48 h. The increase in PA was not accompanied by changes in PRA, but was associated with a reduction of urinary sodium excretion. A relevant fraction of body aldosterone was confined to the ascitic fluid. We conclude that the clinical results of a large–volume paracentesis can be predicted in part on the basis of PA measurement, and that removal of ascites is followed by an increase of PA of uncertain origin and effectiveness.
Long-term health outcomes of youth sports injuries
Authors: N Maffulli, U G Longo, N Gougoulias, M Loppini, V Denaro
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2009)

Injuries can counter the beneficial effects of sports participation at a young age if a child or adolescent is unable to continue to participate because of residual effects of injury. This paper reviews current knowledge in the field of long-term health outcomes of youth sports injuries to evaluate the evidence regarding children dropping out of sport due to injury, physeal injuries and growth disturbance, studies of injuries affecting the spine and knee of young and former athletes and surgical outcome of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in children. Studies of dropping out of sport due to injury are limited primarily to gymnasts and implicate such injuries as ACL rupture and osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow joint in the early retirement of young athletes. Although most physeal injuries resolve with treatment and rest, there is evidence of disturbed physeal growth as a result of injury. Radiological findings implicate the effects of intense physical loading and injury in the development of spinal pathology and back pain during the growth of youth athletes; however, long-term effects are unclear. Follow-up studies of young athletes and adults indicate a high risk of osteoarthritis after meniscus or ACL injury. Prospective cohort studies with a follow-up into adulthood are needed to clarify the long-term health outcomes of youth sports injuries. Important to this research is meticulous documentation of injuries on injury report forms that include age-appropriate designations of the type of injury and accurate determination of exposure-based injury rates.
Unusual Case of Labyrinthine Fistula Symptom
Authors: J. Lee
Journal: BMJ (1945)

Nilgiris (6,300 feet) applies here.He suggested that warm winds blowing from below brought the mosquitoes up; here they would have to be blown 20 miles, up 4,000 feet, and through a narrow twisting valley, which is inconceivable.A hypothetical diary of events of the epidemic on the Equator farm," based on the above considerations, is as follows:(i) Gravid A. gaimbiae were transported to the farm in motor vehicles coming by road from a malarious valley 20 miles below.March.(ii) Eggs laid and first (and only) generation emerged.Beginninig of April.(iii) These adults bit African gametocyte carriers.April.(iv) Sporozoites in glands.About May 13. (v) Human cases.May 24 to June 7.(vi) Death of last infected mosquitoes.About May 27. SummaryEpidemics of malignant tertian malaria began for the first time irn Londiani in the year 1941 and were repeated on a milder scale in succeeding years (May to July).The altitude of the locality is 7,500 to 7,800 feet.A few cases of benign tertian malaria also occurred.In 1944 a localized outbreak of malignant tertian malaria occurred on a farm about 20 miles to the north of Londiani, at an altitude of 8,300 to 8,500 feet.It lasted for a fortnight only.Anzopheles gambiae Giles was found at both places, and is the probable vector.Climatic records indicate that the breeding of this species is possible at 8,300 feet only during the month of March and at 7,500 feet only during March, April, and May.Temperature records suggest that the completion of the sporogonic cycle is possible only because A. gambiae spends practically all its life indoors, where the temperature is several degrees higher than outside.The external environment is too cold for development to occur.It is probable that A. gambiae is reintroduced annually by road and rail transport.I have to thank the Hon.
Long-Term Estrogen Replacement Therapy Prevents Bone Loss and Fractures
Authors: BRUCE ETTINGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Although several case-control studies have shown an inverse association between postmenopausal estrogen use and fractures, quantitation of fracture incidence has been lacking. To quantify the degree to which estrogen replacement therapy prevents postmenopausal osteoporosis, a retrospective study was done comparing the occurrence of fractures in 245 long-term estrogen users and 245 case-matched controls, followed for an average of 17.6 years. Quantitative bone mineral assessments were obtained from 18 women using estrogen replacement therapy and their controls (average age, 73 years). Osteoporotic fracture incidence in estrogen users was 50% as great as in the controls (p < 0.01). Estrogen users showed significantly greater bone mineral: 54.2% greater spinal mineral (p < 0.0002), 19.4% greater forearm mineral (p < 0.0005), and 15.6% greater metacarpal cortical thickness (p < 0.005). Long-term estrogen replacement therapy confers significant protection against bone loss and fracture.
Renal Function in Analgesic Nephropathy
Authors: T. W. Steele, A. Z. Gyory, K. D. G. Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Comprehensive one-day renal function tests in 20 patients with a history of analgesic abuse showed varying degrees of chronic renal failure in all. There was no evidence of a selective defect in proximal tubular function, while a defective concentrating mechanism, usually considered necessary for the diagnosis of analgesic-induced renal damage, could be demonstrated in only 16 patients. A urinary acidification defect associated with a concentrating defect was found in nine cases and was thought to reflect specific collecting duct dysfunction. Urinary ammonium excretion was reduced in 13 subjects, owing to a reduced number of functioning nephrons or inadequate acidification, or both. Low citrate excretion was frequently encountered, and this, as well as defective urinary acidification, may play some part in predisposing patients with analgesic nephropathy to intrarenal calcification and progressive renal failure.
The potential of angiogenesis soluble markers in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Xamila Salcedo, Jesús Medina, Paloma Sanz-Cameno, Luisa García-Buey, Samuel Martín-Vilchez, María J. Borque, Manuel López-Cabrera, Ricardo Moreno-Otero
Journal: Hepatology (2005)

Abstract Angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels, has been reported to play a significant pathogenic role in liver damage–associated hepatitis C virus infection. Most of our current knowledge derives from immunohistochemical studies of hepatic biopsy samples obtained from chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients. We evaluated whether CHC is associated with elevated serum levels of angiogenesis markers and whether these are modulated by therapy. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and soluble Tie-2 (sTie-2) were determined in the serum of 36 CHC patients, before and after receiving antiviral combination therapy with pegylated interferon alpha-2b plus ribavirin, and in 15 healthy controls. CHC patients showed elevated baseline VEGF and Ang-2 levels. After treatment, both factors were decreased, whereas antiangiogenic sTie-2 was increased, indicating a shift toward an “anti-angiogenic” profile of serum markers in CHC patients. In conclusion, this suggests that serum VEGF, Ang-2, and sTie-2 levels could be useful as noninvasive, mechanistically based markers of response to therapy and disease progression in CHC. (Hepatology 2005.)
Liver Biopsy in Hemophilia
Authors: P. M. Mannucci, G. Ronchi, L. Rota, M. Colombo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1978Liver Biopsy in HemophiliaP. M. MANNUCCI, M.D., F.A.C.P. (HON), G. RONCHI, M.D., L. ROTA, M.D., M. COLOMBO, M.D.P. M. MANNUCCI, M.D., F.A.C.P. (HON)Search for more papers by this author, G. RONCHI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, L. ROTA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. COLOMBO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-3-429_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1975 it was shown that multitransfused hemophiliacs have a high prevalence of abnormal liver function tests without physical signs of liver disease (1). Since the clinical significance of these findings as well as their relation to chronic liver disease cannot be established with single measurements, liver function tests were carried out in 66 patients with severe hemophilia (factor VIII or IX less than 0.1%) three times at yearly intervals during regular follow-up visits at the Hemophilia Centre.Twenty patients who had serum alanine aminotransferase (SGOT) levels above the upper normal limit (20 mU/ml) at all three...References1. MANNUCCICAPITANIODEL NINNOCOLOMBOPARETIRUGGERI PAEMFZ: Asymptomatic liver disease in hemophiliacs. J Clin Pathol 28:620-624, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. LESESNEMORGANBLATTWEBSTERROBERTS HJPWH: Liver biopsy in hemophilia A. Ann Intern Med 86:703-707, 1977 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: P. M. MANNUCCI, M.D., F.A.C.P. (HON); G. RONCHI, M.D.; L. ROTA, M.D.; M. COLOMBO, M.D.Affiliations: University of Milano 20122 Milano Italy PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySome complications of the therapy of hemorrhagic disordersFractionation of Factor VIII and IX - An Overview1 Approaches to Plasma Fractionation for Improved Recovery and the Development of Potentially Useful Clinical FactorsAbnormalities of the spleen and liver in patients with hemophiliaPrevalence of type B and non-A, non-B hepatitis in hemophilia: Relationship to chronic liver diseaseLiver dysfunction in Pennsylvania's multitransfused hemophiliacsThe high risk of chronic liver disease in multitransfused juvenile hemophiliac patientsPERCUTANEOUS LIVER BIOPSY AND CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE IN HÆMOPHILIACSAsymptomatic Structural Liver Disease in Hemophilia 1 March 1978Volume 88, Issue 3Page: 429-430KeywordsAbnormal liver function testsAlanine aminotransferaseBiopsyChronic liver diseaseHemophiliaLiverLiver diseasesLiver function testsSerum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Efficacy of Inosine Pranobex in Preventing the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
Authors: Court Pedersen, Eric Sandström, Carsten Sand Petersen, Gunnar Norkrans, Jan Gerstoft, Anders Karlsson, Knud Chr. Christensen, Charles Håkansson, PehrOlov Pehrson, Jens Ole Nielsen, Hans Jessen Jürgensen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of inosine pranobex (isoprinosine) in the treatment of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but without manifest acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A total of 866 patients were enrolled in 21 centers in Denmark and Sweden. The patients were stratified in three groups according to their CD4+ cell count and randomly assigned to receive either inosine pranobex (1 g three times a day) (n = 429) or matching placebo (n = 437) for 24 weeks.
Synthesis and evaluation of a backbone biodegradable multiblock HPMA copolymer nanocarrier for the systemic delivery of paclitaxel
Authors: Rui Zhang, Kui Luo, Jiyuan Yang, Monika Sima, Yongen Sun, Margit M. Janát-Amsbury, Jindřich Kopeček
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Intrapulmonary Rupture of Hydatid Cysts of the Liver
Authors: H. Toole, J. Propatoridis, N. Pangalos
Journal: Thorax (1953)

Modern Greece is severely infested by hydatid disease.In two statistical studies made by one of us (Toole, 1930(Toole, , 1937) ) 5,107 cases of hydatid cysts, observed in Greece between 1900 and 1936, have been collected.In a recent report Maccas and Kourias (1951) completed the statistics up to 1950, adding another 6,000 cases.Seven hundred and sixteen cases were operated upon during 1949, an indication of the present frequency of hydatid disease in Greece.According to Maccas and Kourias the five countries most infested by echinococcus are, in the order of its incidence, Uruguay, Cyprus, Greece, Chile, and Argentina.Another interesting observation from Greek statistics is the frequency of lung echinococcus, amounting to 30%.A high incidence of pul- monary cysts is also recorded in Cyprus, Italy, and Australia.It is not the aim of the present article to dwell on the frequency or the pathology of the cysts, but to describe the clinical aspects of a severe if rare pulmonary complication due to rupture of cysts of the liver.
ADCK4 mutations promote steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome through CoQ10 biosynthesis disruption
Authors: Shazia Ashraf, Heon Yung Gee, Stephanie Woerner, Letian X. Xie, Virginia Vega-Warner, Svjetlana Lovric, Humphrey Fang, Xuewen Song, Daniel C. Cattran, Carmen Avila-Casado, Andrew D. Paterson, Patrick Nitschké, Christine Bole-Feysot, Pierre Cochat, Julian Esteve-Rudd, Birgit Haberberger, Susan J. Allen, Weibin Zhou, Rannar Airik, Edgar A. Otto, Moumita Barua, Mohamed H. Al-Hamed, Jameela A. Kari, Jonathan Evans, Agnieszka Bierzynska, Moin A. Saleem, Detlef Böckenhauer, Robert Kleta, Sherif El Desoky, Duygu O. Hacihamdioglu, Faysal Gok, Joseph Washburn, Roger C. Wiggins, Murim Choi, Richard P. Lifton, Shawn Levy, Zhe Han, Leonardo Salviati, Holger Prokisch, David S. Williams, Martin Pollak, Catherine F. Clarke, York Pei, Corinne Antignac, Friedhelm Hildebrandt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Identification of single-gene causes of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) has furthered the understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. Here, using a combination of homozygosity mapping and whole human exome resequencing, we identified mutations in the aarF domain containing kinase 4 (ADCK4) gene in 15 individuals with SRNS from 8 unrelated families. ADCK4 was highly similar to ADCK3, which has been shown to participate in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis. Mutations in ADCK4 resulted in reduced CoQ10 levels and reduced mitochondrial respiratory enzyme activity in cells isolated from individuals with SRNS and transformed lymphoblasts. Knockdown of adck4 in zebrafish and Drosophila recapitulated nephrotic syndrome-associated phenotypes. Furthermore, ADCK4 was expressed in glomerular podocytes and partially localized to podocyte mitochondria and foot processes in rat kidneys and cultured human podocytes. In human podocytes, ADCK4 interacted with members of the CoQ10 biosynthesis pathway, including COQ6, which has been linked with SRNS and COQ7. Knockdown of ADCK4 in podocytes resulted in decreased migration, which was reversed by CoQ10 addition. Interestingly, a patient with SRNS with a homozygous ADCK4 frameshift mutation had partial remission following CoQ10 treatment. These data indicate that individuals with SRNS with mutations in ADCK4 or other genes that participate in CoQ10 biosynthesis may be treatable with CoQ10.
1329 INFLUENCE OF IL28B GENE POLYMORPHISMS ON SUSTAINED RESPONSE TO PEGINTERFERON PLUS RIBAVIRIN IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C
Authors: L. Hierro, L. Alvarez, S. Andueza, R. Gordo-Giralt, D. Lledin, C. Camarena, A. de la Vega, G. Muñoz-Bartolo, E. Frauca, C. Diaz, P. Jara
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Orthopedics and Oral Administration Of Contraceptives
Authors: William S. Kaden
Journal: JAMA (1970)

ABSTRACT To the Editor.— A patient, whom I attend, recently called to ask for a refill of her prescription for orally administered contraceptives, not being able to come in herself because she was at total bed rest subsequent to a compression fracture of the second lumbar vertebra.Much discussion in both lay and professional journals concerns a possible relationship between the use of oral contraceptive agents and thromboembolic disease. The increased incidence of thrombophlebitis in patients treated with a regimen of bed rest for a variety of orthopedic and nonorthopedic reasons is well known. Because of these considerations, it was decided not to accede to the patient's request until she became ambulatory. It would seem prudent to question patients so treated concerning their ingestion of oral progestational agents; and, although no synergism between them and bed rest in the genesis of phlebitis has been established, to interdict their use during that