tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiotherapy to control CNS lymphomatoid granulomatosis: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Teresa M. Petrella, Irwin R. Walker, Glenn W. Jones, Brian Leber
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) is an uncommon but potentially fatal disease. The disease primarily involves the lungs; however, skin, renal, and central nervous system (CNS) are seen in varying proportions. Neurological involvement occurs in one third of the patients, and confers a worse prognosis. The use of radiotherapy to treat CNS involvement in LG has not been well studied. We report a case of a 33-year-old man with multiple CNS lesions treated successfully with radiotherapy and review 6 other cases in the literature using similar treatment. These cases support the use of radiotherapy for CNS involvement in LG. Am. J. Hematol. 62:239–241, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Modern Radiotherapy and Oncology: Central Nervous System Tumours
Authors: B. S. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1975)

This collection of chapters on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of central nervous system (CNS) tumors is directed toward a team approach in the radiotherapeutic management of some of the complicated problems that these patients have. Each section is written with the expertise of long experience. However, the volume itself has the disadvantage of discontinuity, almost inevitable in most works by multiple authors. This is offset in great measure by the precise condensation of information and the concise summarization of today's radiation therapeutic method and some of the results. A brief overview of the diagnosis of CNS tumors includes radiologic, radionuclide, ultrasound, and electroencephalographic methods. Computerized axial tomography is mentioned briefly, undoubtedly reflecting the state of the art at the time the chapter on radiodiagnosis was written. The physiology and clinical implications of increased intracranial pressure are well considered. While there is no attempt to go into the details
CLINICAL STUDIES ON VERATRUM ALKALOIDS. III. THE EFFECT OF PROTOVERATRINE ON RENAL FUNCTION IN MAN 1
Authors: Edward Meilman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)

Recent clinical interest in the hypotensive prop- erties of mixtures (1) as well as pure substances from veratrum (2-4) has made it desirable to study the effects of this hypotension on kidney function.Protoveratrine, which was isolated from Veratrum album by Salzberger in 1890 (5), was the first pure alkaloid from veratrum shown to have hypotensive properties in man without significant side effects (2).Since the hypotension induced by protoveratrine is largely the result of a neurogenic vasodilatation (6-10), it appeared important to determine whether the kidney shared in this, and if so, whether directly as a result of neurogenic vaso- dilatation within it or indirectly as a result of the systemic hypotension.Freis and his associates (11) have studied renal function by clearance methods in ten hypertensive patients who received "veratrone" parenterally or "vertavis" orally.These agents are proprietary preparations from Veratrum tiride, containing mixtures of alkaloids and standardized by biological methods.Since they contain substances of varying hypotensive properties and produce side effects (2, 12-14) it is desirable to determine the effects on renal func- tion of a single pure alkaloid.The administration of protoveratrine by vari- ous routes offers a method for the controlled low- ering of blood pressure (4) during which time physiological measurements of renal function (or cardiac output, cerebral blood flow, peripheral blood flow, and so forth) may be made.This report is concerned with the effect of protoveratrine-induced hypotension on glomerular filtration rate, effective renal blood flow and renal 1 This investigation was
Topical photodynamic therapy with 5‐aminolaevulinic acid does not induce hair regrowth in patients with extensive alopecia areata
Authors: R. Bissonnette, J. Shapiro, H. Zeng, D.I. Mclean, H. Lui
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a new modality involving the administration of a photosensitizer, or photosensitizer precursor, followed by its activation with light to generate a therapeutic effect. 5‐Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is a photosensitizer precursor that is transformed by cells into protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which can in turn be activated by red light. Objectives To investigate the effect of PDT in alopecia areata (AA). Methods In six patients with extensive AA, topical ALA lotion at 5%, 10% and 20% as well as the vehicle lotion alone were applied separately to different scalp areas, followed 3 h later by exposure to red light at each treatment session. Results No significant hair growth was observed after 20 twice‐weekly treatment sessions. A significant increase in erythema and pigmentation was observed for the three concentrations of ALA lotion vs. the vehicle, implying that a phototoxic PDT effect was achieved in the skin. In vivo fluorescence spectroscopy in one patient showed an increase in red PpIX fluorescence 3 h after ALA application followed by a decrease after light exposure. On fluorescence microscopy, bright red fluorescence was present in the epidermis and sebaceous glands, but not in the inflammatory infiltrate surrounding the hair follicle following ALA application. Conclusions PDT was ineffective in the treatment of AA.
Oral Contraceptives and Thromboembolic Disease
Authors: Philip E. Sartwell
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Drill's paper on oral contraceptives and thromboembolic disease (<b>219</b>:583, 1972) makes some erroneous statements about a study by my colleagues and myself<sup>1</sup>which should be corrected. He states that an increased hospital admission risk was found for certain cities but not for others, and for certain diagnoses but not for others. In all five cities in our study, the use of oral contraceptives was associated with thromboembolism. In the two areas with the smallest numbers of cases the association was not statistically significant. Using R. A. Fisher's method for the combination of probabilities from tests of signigicance, it can be shown that the overall association is highly significant (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). Likewise, for each of the five thromboembolic conditions encountered often enough to permit a significance test to be conducted, there was association with the use of oral contraceptives, which reached a level of significance for
An Address on the Use of the Forceps and its Alternatives in Lingering Labour
Authors: R. Barnes
Journal: BMJ (1879)

THE theme which I have been invited by the Council to bring before the Society for discussion is the following: " On the Use of the Forceps and its Alternatives in Lingering Labour."It was obviously necessary to confine the discussion within certain definite boundaries, not alone in order to avoid irrelevant and wasteful debate, but also as the most essential condition for arriving at clear and usefuIl conclusions.And, when we refer to " conclusions" as the result of our discussions, we shall not aim at the framing of conclusions which shall be final or absolute, or have the force of law.We could not engage in a more vain and injurious undertaking.Science is, in her very essence, pro- gressive.Freedom from arbitrary dogmas is the condition of her life.It is that freedom which impels or invites every one of us to try this, like every other scientific question, by the patient and candid observa- tion of Nature, acknowledging no mere tradition or authority.The true function of a Society is to gather together and then to diffuse knowledge; to encourage independent inquiry; to survey from time to time, by the light of mutual reflection, the positions attained; and thus to seek sound guidance in the application of our knowledge to our prac- tical duties.Ever so superficial a retrospect over the history of the forceps will show us that more than once the use of this instrument has been defined in the most absolute and inflexible terms.And, although arbitrary laws may have met with wide obedience, many men have always refused 'to be fettered by them.Some of these rebels may have carried their contempt against authority too far; they may have run into contrary, even licentious, extremes.But they are, at any rate, entitled to this praise: that they have kept alive-the spirit of independence, have com- pelled us to think over again, to doubt whether the laws we had been summoned to submit to were the expression of absolute wisdom.At this moment, practice differs widely.And this difference is not so much the result of the different teaching of the schools as it is of local and individual accidents.Side by side, we see men using the forceps once in every nine or ten cases, or oftener still, and others using it, per- haps, once in a hundred cases, or even less; and this under conditions that offer no explanation of the difference in practice.Looking at the
The Acute Effects of Elimination of the Moderator Reflexes Upon Cardiac Output and Total Peripheral Resistance in the Anesthetized Dog
Authors: MATTHEW N. LEVY, SHIRLEY H. BRIND, FREDERICK R. BRANDLIN
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

The abrupt rise in mean arterial pressure resulting from elimination of the moderator reflexes is not accompanied by a significant increase in cardiac output. The acute hypertension is therefore attributed to a severe generalized vasoconstriction. The severity of this vasomotor response progressively diminishes during the interval immediately following denervation.
Where are all the blighters?
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The world has changed a lot since I was a boy and, I regret to say, not entirely for the better. For example, our language has become coarser, a fact that was brought forcibly home to me recently by reading R Austin Freeman's detective story The Stone Monkey , first published in 1939.

R Austin Freeman, born in 1863, was the son of a tailor. He became a doctor, travelled as such to Ashantiland (about which he wrote his first book), contracted blackwater fever there, and then became a general practitioner in Gravesend. It seems that there was something about living on the coast that turned late Victorian general practitioners into writers of detective fiction: Conan Doyle was another. Freeman wrote a …
Quantitative technologies establish a novel microRNA profile of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Valerio Fulci, Sabina Chiaretti, Marina Goldoni, Gianluca Azzalin, Nicoletta Carucci, Simona Tavolaro, Leandro Castellano, Armando Magrelli, Franca Citarella, Monica Messina, Roberta Maggio, Nadia Peragine, Simona Santangelo, Francesca Romana Mauro, Pablo Landgraf, Thomas Tuschl, David B. Weir, Minchen Chien, James J. Russo, Jingyue Ju, Robert Sheridan, Chris Sander, Mihaela Zavolan, Anna Guarini, Robin Foà, Giuseppe Macino
Journal: Blood (2007)
Does Inconclusive Evidence for Vitamin D Supplementation to Reduce Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Warrant Pessimism?
Authors: Gregory A. Plotnikoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters3 August 2010Does Inconclusive Evidence for Vitamin D Supplementation to Reduce Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Warrant Pessimism?Gregory A. Plotnikoff, MD, MTSGregory A. Plotnikoff, MD, MTSFrom Allina Health System, Minneapolis, MN 55440-0043.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-3-201008030-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In clinical trials of pharmaceutical agents, all participants start with the same serum level of the intervention: zero. In contrast, participants in clinical trials of nutritional agents, such as vitamin D, start with wildly varying levels.This distinction is crucial. Far too many clinical trials of nutritional interventions report neither baseline nor ending serum levels, which is a significant type II error in nutritional research. Nutritional interventions can be administered with too small of a dose or for an insufficient period. In addition, without measurement of serum levels, there is no clear means of assessing adherence or ...References1. Wang L, Manson JE, Song Y, Sesso HD. Systematic review: vitamin D and calcium supplementation in prevention of cardiovascular events. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:315-23. [PMID: 20194238] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Pittas AG, Chung M, Trikalinos T, Mitri J, Brendel M, Patel K, et al. Systematic review: vitamin D and cardiometabolic outcomes. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:307-14. [PMID: 20194237] LinkGoogle Scholar3. Guallar E, Miller ER, Ordovas JM, Stranges S. Vitamin D supplementation in the age of lost innocence [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:327-9. [PMID: 20194240] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Allina Health System, Minneapolis, MN 55440-0043.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoVitamin D Supplementation in the Age of Lost Innocence Eliseo Guallar , Edgar R. Miller III , Jose M. Ordovas , and Saverio Stranges Systematic Review: Vitamin D and Cardiometabolic Outcomes Anastassios G. Pittas , Mei Chung , Thomas Trikalinos , Joanna Mitri , Michael Brendel , Kamal Patel , Alice H. Lichtenstein , Joseph Lau , and Ethan M. Balk Systematic Review: Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation in Prevention of Cardiovascular Events Lu Wang , JoAnn E. Manson , Yiqing Song , and Howard D. Sesso Metrics 3 August 2010Volume 153, Issue 3Page: 208KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesClinical trial reportingClinical trialsConflicts of interestNutrientsNutritionVitamin D ePublished: 3 August 2010 Issue Published: 3 August 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Differential Renal Function Studies in Segmental Renal Ischemia
Authors: William R. Fair
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Five of 11 patients with hypertension secondary to surgically confirmed segmental renal ischemia had less than a 2:1 difference in urine flow rates between the two kidneys; significant lesions were present with as little as 11% increase in inulin concentrations. In addition, branch arterial stenosis may be so severe that no glomerular filtrate is produced by the ischemic segment of the kidney. In these cases the disparity in "renal mass vs renal water" may be the only abnormality seen on split function study. These findings suggest that some patients may have curable hypertension secondary to segmental renal artery disease involving such a small area of the kidney that strict adherence to previous criteria for a positive function study may be misleading.
PDGF acivation of map kinase (MAP-K) requires focal adhesionkinase/C-SRC complex formation in human hepatic stellate cells (HSC)
Authors: A. Caligiuri, V. Carloni, R.M.S. DeFranco, S.C. Sciammetta, A. Gentilini, C. Sali, P. Gentilini, M. Pinzani
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2000)
"Meat-wrappers' Asthma"
Authors: Y. Aelony
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The renewed interest in meat-wrappers' respiratory problems (235:915; 937; 943, 1976) is pleasing, particularly in the light of three unexpected disappointments in the three years since we wrote our original report on meat-wrappers' asthma<sup>1</sup>: (1) the hot-wire technique for cutting polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has not been eliminated; (2) the existence of any association between reversible bronchospastic disease and meat wrapping is still questioned<sup>2</sup>; (3) a prospective study designed to define the incidence, prevalence, and long-term morbidity, if any, of this condition remains to be done. Although we have been unable to get the support necessary to do a randomized longitudinal study of pulmonary function in meat wrappers, I understand that such a large-scale study will be undertaken elsewhere. Until this is done, further anecdotes may be helpful to the practicing physician. I know of at least two "disabled" meat wrappers who remain free of symptoms
Adult outpatient experience of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic: Clinical course, pathogens, and evaluation of case definitions
Authors: Patrick M. Smit, Maarten Limper, Eric C.M. van Gorp, Paul H.M. Smits, Jos H. Beijnen, Dees P.M. Brandjes, Jan W. Mulder
Journal: Journal of Infection (2011)
ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX COMPLICATED BY HYDROPNEUMOTHORAX AND PLEURISY WITH EFFUSION ON THE UNTREATED SIDE: REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: LeRoy S. Peters
Journal: JAMA (1922)

There are few reports in the literature of the coexistence of bilateral pleurisy with effusion. In fact, it is one of the rarest complications in pulmonary tuberculosis. Stivelman<sup>1</sup>reported a close search of the literature, and could find but two cases, one reported by Als<sup>2</sup>and one by Fishberg,<sup>3</sup>the latter being the first one in the English language. Zemmin<sup>4</sup>reported one in 1921, which, with Stivelman's case, brings the number up to four. Two have occurred in my practice during the administration of artificial pneumothorax: <h3>Case 1.</h3> —One of these came under my observation while I was associated with the late Dr. A. G. Shortle at the Albuquerque Sanatorium, six years ago. The records of this case were accidentally destroyed by fire, but I remember the essential details. The patient was started on pneumothorax treatment at Colorado Springs, fluid developing on the treated side before
Epidural Morphine Decreases Postoperative Hypertension by Attenuating Sympathetic Nervous System Hyperactivity
Authors: Michael J. Breslow, Desmond A. Jordan, Rose Christopherson, Brian Rosenfeld, Clair F. Miller, Daniel F. Hanley, Charles Beattie, Richard J. Traystman, Mark C. Rogers
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Twenty-four adults who were undergoing operations on the abdominal aorta were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in which epidural morphine sulfate (6 mg) was employed to attenuate the sympathoadrenal response to surgery to evaluate the possible contribution of sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity to postoperative hypertension. Patients who received epidural morphine required less parenteral morphine in the 24 hours following surgery, had lower analogue pain scores, and had markedly lower plasma norepinephrine levels when compared with patients in the control group who received an identical volume of saline in the epidural space. Epidural morphine had no effect on plasma epinephrine or arginine vasopressin levels. Fewer patients in the morphine group (4 of 12 vs 9 of 12 patients in the saline group) required treatment for hypertension (mean arterial blood pressure, greater than or equal to 110 mm Hg) in the 24 hours following surgery. In addition, patients in the morphine group had lower blood pressures in the 24 hours following surgery. These data suggest that sympathetic nervous system activity and not adrenal epinephrine or pituitary secretion of arginine vasopressin is responsible for the development of hypertension following aortic surgery. Furthermore, epidural narcotics appear to provide a means of attenuating this response.
Changing Etiology of Bacterial Endocarditis in the Antibacterial Era
Authors: MAXWELL FINLAND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

During 12 selected years from 1933 to 1965, 337 patients were documented as having bacterial endocarditis at Boston City Hospital, 43 of them with 2 organisms and 10 with 3 in their blood, or heart valves, or both. Streptococcus viridans was the most frequent organism found and occurred in every year and Pneumococcus and Staphylococcus aureus in each year but one. The finding of Staph. aureus, gram-negative bacilli (not Salmonella or Shigella), Enterococcus, and Staph. epidermidis appeared to be related to extensive usage of antimicrobials and was predominantly nosocomial. Only two patients with Enterococcus and one in whom Staph. epidermidis was found were seen before 1947. Rheumatic valvular disease was present in more than two thirds of the patients with S. viridans or Staph. epidermidis but in only one third or less of those with other organisms. Staph. aureus, Enterococcus, and gram-negative bacilli more often affected patients over 60 and S. pyogenes and S. viridans, those under 40 years old.
Acid glycosidases in basal cell epithelioma and in seborrhoeic keratosis
Authors: J. BERSAQUES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Total activities of eleven glycosidases were determined in frozen-dried tissue fragments of basal cell epithelioma, seborrhoeic keratosis and epidermis. The values found were frequently much higher than those mentioned in the literature. Most enzyme activities were higher in basal cell tumours than in the adjacent epidermis; the differences between basal cell epithelioma and seborrhoeic keratosis were significant for only two of the eleven enzymes.
NI-59 * TABLET TECHNOLOGY FOR IMPROVED PREOPERATIVE SPEECH MAPPING USING FUNCTIONAL MRI IN PATIENTS WITH LOW-GRADE GLIOMA
Authors: M. Morrison, L. Golestanirad, T. Schweizer, S. Graham, S. Das
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

INTRODUCTION AND METHODS: The survival benefit afforded by surgical resection for patients with low-grade gliomas (LGG) is becoming increasingly clear. Preoperative functional mapping with functional MRI and awake craniotomy with intraoperative mapping of speech and motor function have improved the safety and efficacy of surgery for LGG. We sought to expand the ability of preoperative fMRI to identify centers of functional eloquence by utilizing more sophisticated functional testing paradigms through the design of an MRI-compatible electronic tablet, which enables us to perform advanced language and motor testing during fMRI. RESULTS: Group analysis of healthy subjects produced activation in predicted locations (Broca's area for rhyming, Broca and Wernike's area for semantic decisions and the superior parietal lobule for word copying). Imaging results for the brain tumor patient showed bilateral language activation with active areas touching the tumor boundary. Conjunction analysis performed between rhyming and word copying tasks was found to substantially increase the specificity of the activation maps while maintaining the same sensitivity when compared with direct cortical simulation. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary studies demonstrate that functional data for speech mapping generated by use of the tablet during fMRI is replicable at surgery, with an increased sensitivity without loss of specificty for speech cortex mapping. We have begun to identify advanced language testing paradigms for its further development.
Nitrazepam and the elderly.
Authors: J G Evans, E H Jarvis
Journal: BMJ (1972)

s article (p. 163) on the graphic presentation of the progress of labour, I wondered if any of your readers would be interested in the simple tabular guide to when to start worrying about the duration of labour that I use in teaching the pupil midwives here.It is based on the times to send for medical aid in the second stage that every pupil midwife knows and works in multiples of two and four.
Fatal hepatitis B virus reactivation by an escape mutant following rituximab therapy
Authors: Timm H. Westhoff, Friederike Jochimsen, Alexander Schmittel, Marina Stöffler-Meilicke, Jürgen H. Schäfer, Walter Zidek, Wolfram H. Gerlich, Eckhard Thiel
Journal: Blood (2003)