tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9576: Predictors of Silent Cerebral Events Detected on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients After Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Thomas Deneke, Karin Nentwich, Patrick Müller, Markus Roos, Joachim Krug, Andreas Mügge, Atilla Szöllösi, Rainer Schmitt, Anja Schade
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Silent cerebral events (SCE) have been identified on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in asymptomatic patients after atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. Silent cerebral lesions represent irreversible cerebral damage, comparative analysis using a consistent MRI definition is missing and factors influencing the risk of SCE are poorly understood.   Methods:  351 Patients undergoing AF ablation underwent post-ablation cerebral MRI. SCE were identified based on a sensitive definition using a 1.5Tesla MRI including DWI and ADC-map (but not including FLAIR). AF ablation was performed either using irrigated single-tip radiofrequency (RF) ablation (group 1, N=73), phased RF pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) (group 2, N=129), endoscopically-guided laser balloon (group 3, N=41), cryo-balloon PVI (group4, N=34) and irrigated RF multipolar catheters (nMARQ) (group 5, N=73). Differences in regard to SCE rates were analyzed.   Results:  In group 1 22%, in group 2 37%, in group 41%, in group 4 21% and in group 5 27% of patients had documented SCE. There was a significantly higher incidence of SCL in patients with compared to without exchanges of catheters over a single transseptal sheath (34% vs. 18%, p=0.007) and in patients with left atrial dilation (48% vs. 30%, p=0.01).  In a subgroup analysis incidence of SCE was lower when patients were ablated under continued oral anticoagulation (11%) compared to novel oral anticoagulants (33%) or without continuous appropriate anticoagulation bridged with low-molecular weight heparin (45%). Documented left atrial low-voltage areas were associated with a higher incidence of SCE (46% versus 24% in the control group).   Conclusions:  When using a sensitive MRI definition of SCE incidences are relevantly higher compared to using the “old” definition including the FLAIR-sequence. Technology-associated and procedural characteristics associated with a higher risk of SCE have been identified. Modification of procedural steps of the AF ablation procedure may further reduce the risk of SCE.
Abstract 2813: Survival benefit of an add-on dendritic cell vaccine for patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy: a multicenter study
Authors: Masanori Kobayashi, Shimodaira Shigetaka, Kazuhiro Nagai, Masahiro Ogasawara, Hidenori Takahashi, Hirofumi Abe, Mitsugu Tanii, Masato Okamoto, Shun-ichi Tsujitani, Masaki Nagaya, Yoshikazu Yonemitsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccine may have a significant benefit to patients with advanced pancreatic cancer. However, variations among clinical studies make it hard to detect its clinical outcome. Here we statistically identified factors determining the clinical benefit using data obtained at seven Japanese institutions that employed the same DC preparation and treatment regimen. Patients and Methods: Among the 354 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 255 patients who received standard chemotherapy combined with peptide-pulsed DC vaccines were analyzed. Results: The mean survival time from diagnosis was 16.5 months (95%CI=14.4-18.5), and that from the first vaccination was 9.9 months (95%CI=8.0-12.9). Known prognostic baseline factors related to advanced pancreatic cancer, namely ECOG-PS, peritoneal metastasis, liver metastasis, and prognostic nutrition index (PNI) were also representative. Importantly, erythema reaction after vaccination was an independent and treatment-related predictive factor for better survival, and that OK432 might be a good adjuvant enhancing the antitumor immunity during DC vaccination. Conclusion: This is the first report of a multicenter clinical study suggesting the feasibility and possible clinical benefit of an add-on DC vaccine in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer who are undergoing chemotherapy. These findings need to be addressed in well-controlled prospective randomized trials. Citation Format: Masanori Kobayashi, Shimodaira Shigetaka, Kazuhiro Nagai, Masahiro Ogasawara, Hidenori Takahashi, Hirofumi Abe, Mitsugu Tanii, Masato Okamoto, Shun-ichi Tsujitani, Masaki Nagaya, Yoshikazu Yonemitsu, The DC vaccine study group of Japan Society of Innovative Cell Therapy (J-SICT). Survival benefit of an add-on dendritic cell vaccine for patients with inoperable pancreatic cancer receiving chemotherapy: a multicenter study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2813. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2813
Measuring tumor cell apoptosis and necrosis in serum of cancer patients during therapy
Authors: Stig T. Linder, Takayuki Ueno, Aleksandra M. Havelka, Maria HÃ¤gg Olofsson, Maria C. Shoshan, Gero Kramer, Masakazu Toi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

B75   Caspase-cleaved cytokeratin 18 (CK18-Asp396) is a useful serum biomarker which can be used for assessment of cell death of epithelially derived cells (Kramer et al., Cancer Research 64 (2004) 1751). CK18-Asp396 has been demonstrated to be released from human tumor cells ex vivo. The fraction of extracellular CK18 which is caspase-cleaved reflects cell death mode: a high fraction indicates apoptosis, a low fraction necrosis. Various observations, including measurements on tumor venous blood, suggest that serum CK18 has tumoral origin. The levels of CK18-Asp396 and total CK18 has been measured in serum of prostate cancer and breast cancer patients during therapy. Docetaxel induced significant increases in serum CK18-Asp396 in both patient groups, suggesting induction of apoptosis. In patients with prostate cancer, docetaxel induced increases in CK18-Asp396 during 2nd, 3rd and 4th line therapy and during treatment cycles 1 - 8. In patients that received vinorelbine in 2nd line followed by docetaxel in 3rd line, docetaxel induced stronger increases than vinorelbine (p = 0.008). A different pattern of response was observed in breast cancer patients treated with CEF (Cyclophosphamide/Epirubicin/5-FU). In these patients, a preferential increase in uncleaved forms of CK18 was observed in serum. The kinetics of these increases were different from those observed with docetaxel, showing an earlier peak. These findings suggest that CEF therapy induces a significant component of necrosis in vivo. The increases in total CK18 at day 1 of cycle 1 were associated with the clinical response to CEF therapy. These results suggest that CK18 serum markers can be used to assess responses to therapy in vivo. Furthermore, the results suggest that the clinical efficiency of docetaxel in prostate cancer is due to induction of apoptosis during multiple treatment cycles and suggest that docetaxel and CEF therapy induces different cell death modes.
EFFECT OF ENDOTOXIN ON LIVER CARBOHYDRATE OF MICE BEARING TRANSPLANTABLE TUMORS SARCOMA 37 AND KREBS-2 CARCINOMA.
Authors: H. Francis Havas, L. Joe Berry, Dorothy S. Smythe
Journal: Cancer Research (1964)

Summary  A comparison is made between the stability of carbohydrate in the liver of normal mice and of mice bearing the transplantable tumors, Sarcoma 37 or Krebs-2 carcinoma. Although the presence of the tumor does not alter the level of liver carbohydrate it sensitizes the animal to endotoxin. Thus, liver carbohydrate is depleted in tumor-bearers by one-tenth as much endotoxin as is required for a similar change in normal animals.  Surgical removal of Sarcoma 37 restores normal stability in liver carbohydrate within a period of 48 hours.  Cortisone “protects” the carbohydrate in animals of each type (tumor-bearers and controls) from depletion by endotoxin, whereas Proferrin (colloidal saccharated iron oxide) greatly sensitizes the tumor-bearing mice to this effect of endotoxin.  Assays for liver tryptophan pyrrolase showed higher activities in tumor-bearing mice than in controls. A small dose of endotoxin raised the enzyme level in control mice but depressed it in tumor-bearing animals. Ten times as much endotoxin was required to produce a comparable depression of the enzyme in control mice.  The LD50 of endotoxin was less in tumor-bearing mice than in controls, but it was elevated in both groups by cortisone, nicotinamide, and diphosphopyridine nucleotide and lowered by Proferrin.  The biochemical effects of tumors on host tissues and their relationship to other conditions of stress are discussed.
Abstract 2875: ATAD2 overexpression indentifies aggressive endometrial carcinomas
Authors: Camilla Krakstad, Ingvild Løberg Tangen, Maria B. Raeder, Erling Hoivik, Kanthida Kusonmano, June X. Zou, Anne M. Øyan, Jone Trovik, Hongwu Chen, Karl Henning Kalland, Helga B. Salvesen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background Upregulation of the gene ATAD2 has been implicated in cancer development and progression in a number of tissues, and reported to be a member of prognostic gene-signatures in breast (van 't Veer et al, 2002; Wang et al, 2005) and endometrial cancers (Salvesen et al, 2009). We have investigated ATAD2 protein expression in relation to prognosis and gene expression alterations relevant for potential biological driver mechanisms and treatment targets in endometrial cancer. Methods: A total of 564 endometrial carcinoma primary lesions were prospectively collected and explored for ATAD2 protein expression in relation to survival and established markers for aggressive disease. Transcriptional alterations related to ATAD2 protein level were investigated by microarray analysis for 236 freshly frozen samples in parallel. Differentially expressed genes were identified using the significance analysis of microarray (SAM) method, and GSEA analysis was performed using the MSigDB version 4.0 C2 collection http://www.broadinstitute.org/gsea/msigdb/index.jsp). Results: High ATAD2 expression is significantly associated with the established clinical-pathological variables for aggressive endometrial cancer high FIGO stage, non-endometrioid subtype, high grade, aneuploidy, loss of hormone receptors and poor overall survival (all P-values≤0.001), also in the subset of ERα positive tumors. mRNA and protein expression for ATAD2 was highly correlated (p&amp;lt;0.001), suggesting that immunohistochemical staining may represent a more clinically applicable measure for mRNA levels for ATAD2 level in routinely collected formalin fixed paraffin embedded specimens. Gene expression alterations in samples with high ATAD2 expression revealed upregulation of several cancer-related genes (CDCs, E2Fs) and gene sets that previously has been linked to aggressive disease and potential for targeting new therapies. Conclusion: Our results support that immunohistochemical staining for ATAD2 may be a clinically applicable biomarker reflecting clinical phenotype and targetable alterations in endometrial carcinomas to be further explored in controlled clinical trials. Salvesen HB et al (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106(12): 4834-9 van 't Veer LJ et al (2002) Nature 415(6871): 530-6 Wang Y et al (2005) Lancet 365(9460): 671-9 Citation Format: Camilla Krakstad, Ingvild Løberg Tangen, Maria B. Raeder, Erling Hoivik, Kanthida Kusonmano, June X. Zou, Anne M. Øyan, Jone Trovik, Hongwu Chen, Karl Henning Kalland, Helga B. Salvesen. ATAD2 overexpression indentifies aggressive endometrial carcinomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2875. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2875
Vitamin E and Respiratory Tract Infections in Elderly Persons—Reply
Authors: Davidson H. Hamer, Simin Nikbin Meydani
Journal: JAMA (2004)

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Metallo-β-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Netherlands: the nationwide emergence of a single sequence type
Authors: A.K. Van der Bij, D. Van der Zwan, G. Peirano, J.A. Severin, J.D.D. Pitout, M. Van Westreenen, W.H.F. Goessens
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)

Recently, the first outbreak of clonally related VIM-2 metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a Dutch tertiary-care centre was described. Subsequently, a nationwide surveillance study was performed in 2010-2011, which identified the presence of VIM-2 MBL-producing P. aeruginosa in 11 different hospitals. Genotyping by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) showed that the majority of the 82 MBL-producing isolates found belonged to a single MLVA type (n = 70, 85%), identified as ST111 by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). As MBL-producing isolates cause serious infections that are difficult to treat, the presence of clonally related isolates in various hospitals throughout the Netherlands is of nationwide concern.
Abstract P203: Demographic Predictors of Long-term Weight Loss Beginning One-Year After Bariatric Surgery at Two Medical Centers
Authors: Laura Rasmussen-Torvik, Abigail Baldridge, Jennifer Pacheco, Sharon Aufox, Kwang-Young Kim, Jonathan Silverstein, Erwin Denham, Eric Hungness, Maureen Smith, Philip Greenland
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: Existing studies of predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery suffer from simplistic statistical methods and relatively short follow-up. We sought to determine predictors of long-term weight loss up to 9.6 years after bariatric surgery using data extracted from two electronic health records (EHR) systems and linear mixed effects models. Methods: Participants were selected from patients enrolled in the NUgene biorepository at either Northwestern Memorial HealthCare or NorthShore University HealthSystem. Individuals who had undergone Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RNY) were identified through billing or surgical history procedure codes in the electronic health records (EHRs). All available weight measurements and dates were extracted from the EHR as well as surgery date. Sex, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, and height were taken from the NUgene intake questionnaire. SAS PROC MIXED was used to create linear mixed effects models to examine weight loss from 1- 9.6 years post-surgery. To examine overall weight loss and slope of weight regain, covariates and covariate interactions with time post-surgery were included in the mixed effects models. Results: 119 individuals from Northwestern and 43 individuals from NorthShore had undergone gastric bypass and had at least 1 weight measurement 1 year post-surgery. There were 3071 weight measurements which occurred at least 1 year post-surgery in the dataset; the median number of observations per person was 10 and the median weight loss represented by these measurements was 32.7% from pre-surgical weight. The regression model indicated that, on average, individuals experienced slight weight regain of about 0.8% of pre-surgical weight per year after their first year post-surgery. Over the 1- 10 years of follow up African Americans lost nearly 5 percentage points less weight than whites ( p =.0025) . People who were older and taller also experienced less percentage weight loss, and people with higher initial weights experienced a higher percentage weight loss (all p &lt;.05), Older age was associated with significantly (p&lt;0.05) slower weight regain after 1 year post-surgery. Discussion: EHR records from multiple institutions can be integrated to study outcomes after bariatric surgery. Demographic factors predict overall weight loss and a rate of weight regain after 1 year post RNY surgery. This information may be useful for both surgeons and prospective patients.
Metastatic bronchopulmonary carcinoid
Authors: Filip Triest, Kristiaan Nackaerts, Christophe Dooms
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Bronchopulmonary carcinoids (BPCs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors. Metastatic BPC (M-BPC) represents less than 10% of all BPCs.   Aims:  A retrospective study of a 5 years9 consecutive series of M-BPC patients, treated in a tertiary referral center.   Methods:  Demographics, symptoms, staging, pathology, therapy and survival were compared for non-metastatic (NM-) and M-BPC.   Results:  Of 57 BPC patients, 12 (21%) had metastases. Five were truly metastatic at diagnosis. No differences were observed for age, smoking status and gender. Hemoptysis was mostly found in M-BPC (4/12); infection and absence of symptoms in NM-BPC (both 16/45). Somatostatin receptor imaging was performed in respectively 20% and 92%, FDG-PET in 67% and 75%, Ki-67 staining in 24% and 75%, chromogranin A staining in 64% and 83% of NM- and M-BPC patients. M-BPC was predominantly treated with chemotherapy (42%) and somatostatin analogues (58%), NM-BPC with surgery (91%). Median survival was 52 months for M-BPC, while not yet reached for NM-BPC patients (p=0.01).   Conclusions:  In our center, a larger proportion of M-BPC patients was treated compared to literature. Major differences between NM-BPC and M-BPC were observed for treatment choices. Survival was significantly worse for M-BPC, although much better compared to more common lung cancer types.
Immunogenetic Studies of Respiratory Anaphylaxis in Selectively Bred Guinea Pigs
Authors: J. T. CLAUSEN, J. V. SPÄRCK, O. WERDELIN, S. O. LARSEN, L. LUNDBERG
Journal: Allergy (1985)

The genetic and immunological basis of respiratory anaphylaxis was studied in two strains of guinea pigs selectively bred for either high or low respiratory anaphylactic response to inhalation of ovalbumin. Individuals of the parental strains, Fl‐hybrids and backcross offspring were examined for class II MHC type and asthmatic response to ovalbumin. Analysis of the results revealed an association of asthma phenotype and MHC class II type. Apart from the gene(s) in the MHC several other genes seem to be involved in the control of guinea pig asthma.
Another Titanic myth: Harvard's swimming test
Authors: L. H Breimer
Journal: BMJ (1998)

As a freshman at Harvard University, one of the first things my wife had to do was to prove that she could swim. Had she failed this swimming test, then she would have had to take swimming lessons and repeat it, because you had to be able to swim to graduate from Harvard. The reason for this, she was told, was that Eleanor Elkins Widener had given Harvard its library in memory of her son who perished in the Titanic on this condition, because Mrs …
Continuous treatment with all-trans retinoic acid causes a progressive reduction in plasma drug concentrations: implications for relapse and retinoid "resistance" in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia [published erratum appears in Blood 1992 Aug 1;80(3):855]
Authors: J Muindi, SR Frankel, WH Jr Miller, A Jakubowski, DA Scheinberg, CW Young, E Dmitrovsky, RP Jr Warrell
Journal: Blood (1992)
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF VERATRUM VIRIDE AND TETRAETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE IN HYPERTENSION
Authors: A P SHAPIRO, A A BRUST, E B FERRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

ExcerptAssali, Brust et al. have recently reported a comparative study of the actions of veratrum viride (Veratrone) and tetraethylammonium chloride (TEAC) in normal and toxemic pregnancy. In all toxemic cases, the blood pressure remained elevated or fell only slightly following autonomic blockade with TEAC, but fell markedly with the intravenous administration of veratrum viride.1Since such a consistent difference between the actions of the two drugs occurred in toxemia of pregnancy, it seemed worthwhile to carry out a similar study in patients with other types of hypertension.MATERIAL AND METHODSFifteen hypertensive patients were studied; these included 11 with benign...
Morphological and functional characteristics of short-term and long-term bone marrow cultures in chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: T�lin Budak-Alpdo?an, �nder Alpdo?an, Tevfik Ako?lu
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Clonogenic capacity of bone marrow progenitors and stromal layers established from bone marrow of 12 patients with CML and 13 healthy controls were evaluated. The initial BFU-E and CFU-GM contents were slightly higher in the CML patients (p > 0.05) in contrast to CFU-GEMM. CFU-GEMM was lower in the patients compared to healthy controls (p < 0.001). In long-term cultures, the number of non-adherent cell population and total clonogenic progenitor cell content decreased gradually in both groups. Weekly evaluation of stromal confluency of adherent cells revealed that establishment of adherent stromal layer was slower in CML patients than in control samples (p < 0.05). At the end of fourth week, the number of samples presenting confluency was 41.7% in the CML group compared with 92.3% in the controls. The initial CD34 positive cell content of the bone marrow samples was similar in both groups. Although CD34 positive cell number in the adherent stromal layer was well preserved in the control group at the end of 4 weeks, this figure decreased significantly in the CML group. The numbers of total adherent cells as well as the total clonogenic progenitor content of adherent layer were also lower in the CML group (3.03% vs 98.2%). When normal CD34+ cells were cultured on IFN-α-treated stromal layer followed by the assessment of the long-term culture initiating cells, a reduced capacity to support hemopoietic growth was observed with IFN-α-treated normal stroma. This reduction was even higher when CML stroma was treated with IFN-α followed by the seeding of the normal CD34+ cells on this stromal layer (26.9% vs 42.8%). These findings show that stromal cells are abnormal in CML patients as well as the progenitor cells, and IFN-α treatment causes further defects of the stromal cells. Am. J. Hematol. 62:212–220, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.