tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Molecular characterizations in clinical non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) samples obtained during surgery
Authors: Tatsuo Ohira, Jitsuo Usuda, Yasuhiro Suga, Kuniharu Miyajima, Norio Nakajima, Takeshi Oikawa, Hiroaki Kataba, Masakazu Kojika, Hisashi Saji, Masahiro Tsuboi, Takashi Hirano, Harubumi Kato
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4554  Lung cancer is one of the most malignant solid tumors, and its incidence and mortality rates are still increasing in Japan. Gefitinib (IRESSA), an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, was approved in Japan in 2002 for the treatment of inoperable or recurrent non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Increased sensitivity to gefitinib has been associated with demographic factors (Japanese ethnicity, female gender, adenocarcinoma histology, non-smoking history) and, more recently, with tumor EGFR mutations (Fukuoka et al, J Clin Oncol 2003;21:2237-46; Lynch et al, N Engl J Med 2004;350:2129-39; Paez et al, Science 2004;304:1497-500). Interestingly, EGFR mutations are frequently found in Japanese women with adenocarcinoma histology (Paez et al, 2004). We compared the molecular characterization of an established NSCLC cell line with clinical NSCLC samples obtained by operation performed in Tokyo Medical University Hospital. We have previously described NSCLC cell lines (PC-1, -3, -6, -7, -9, -10, -13, and -14) generated from Japanese patients with NSCLC. One of these cell lines, PC-9, is more sensitive to gefitinib (IC50 of 0.02 μM) compared with the other cell lines. Molecular characterization of PC-9 was carried out using DNA sequencing and Western blot analysis. Last year we reported DNA sequence analysis of the EGFR gene in PC-9 cells found deletion mutations (of 15 bases, delE746-A750) in Exon 19. Similar EGFR deletion mutations were detected in the clinical NSCLC samples. Significance in clinical samples resected in Tokyo Medical University Hospital has examined. We detected the mutation of EGFR with paraffin embedded sample. The samples were obtained from the patients who received operation for lung cancer in our department. These patients include 81 male and 43 female patients. 50 patients receive gefitinib treatment. Stage I cases are 59, Stage II is 28. Number of adenocarcinoma patients is 90. Squamous cell is 17. Large cell carcinoma is 10. The result of the sequence is 44/90 (48.9%) adenocarcinoma showed mutations. 1 Squamous cell carcinoma showed mutation in Exon 21, but the position was different from the position shown in adenocarcinoma. Now, I try to compare the result of mutations between in paraffin embedded samples resected during operation and blood samples. We will present the data about the relationship between molecular characterizations and sensitivity of Gefitinib. These characterizations have done using Western blot analysis, FISH and Rt-PCR.
Abstract 17552: Accelerated Vascular Lesion Formation in Mice Lacking All Nitric Oxide Synthases: Contribution of Bone Marrow Cells
Authors: Masato Tsutsui, Yumi Furuno, Tsuyoshi Morishita, Nobuyuki Yanagihara, Hiroaki Shimokawa, Yutaka Otsuji
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The precise role of nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) in vascular remodeling still remains to be fully elucidated. We addressed this issue in mice lacking all NOS genes. Methods and Results...
Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
Authors: Josep Callizo, Nicolas Feltgen, Stefanie Pantenburg, Armin Wolf, Aljoscha Steffen Neubauer, Bernhard Jurklies, Rolf Wachter, Claudia Schmoor, Martin Schumacher, Bernd Junker, Amelie Pielen
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Definition of relapse risk and role of nonanthracycline drugs for consolidation in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia: a joint study of the PETHEMA and GIMEMA cooperative groups.
Authors: Miguel A. Sanz, Francesco Lo Coco, Guillermo Martı́n, Giuseppe Avvisati, Consuelo Rayón, Tiziano Barbui, Joaquı́n Dı́az-Mediavilla, Giuseppe Fioritoni, José David González, Vincenzo Liso, Jordi Esteve, Felicetto Ferrara, Pascual Bolufer, Carlo Bernasconi, Marcos Gonzalez, Francesco Rodeghiero, Dolors Colomer, Maria C. Petti, José M. Ribera, Franco Mandelli
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract 19165: Hypoxia-Induced Downregulation of Sirtuin 1 Impairs Cardiac Stem Cell Proliferation
Authors: Michael Bellio, Claudia O Rodrigues, Victoria Florea, Wayne Balkan, Joshua M Hare, Ivonne H Schulman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) produces severe hypoxia within regions of the myocardium, resulting in the formation of scar tissue and significant cardiac cell death. Adult hearts contain endogenous cardiac stem cells (CSCs) that have regenerative capacity and participate in myocardial tissue homeostasis and repair post-MI, but are insufficient to promote complete regeneration. The histone deacetylase Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) likely mediates this hypoxia-induced decrease in regeneration via roles in cell cycle progression and conferring protection from senescence and oxidative damage. Hypothesis: Hypoxia decreases CSC proliferation through reduced SIRT1-mediated deacetylation. Methods and Results: Murine CSCs were grown at room air (21% O2), physiologic (5% O2), and ischemic hypoxic (0.5% O2) conditions for 72 hours. Ischemic hypoxia, but not physiologic, reduced CSC proliferation and DNA synthesis to 25±2.0% (N=3; p<0.05) and 54±7.0% (N=7; p<0.05), respectively, relative to cells grown in room air. SIRT...
The two tier syndrome behind waiting lists
Authors: M Pringle
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—How can the BMJ publish an article that is full of statements about the NHS and doctors that it must recognise as untrue?1

Light suggests that surgeons and anaesthetists are short changing the NHS. However, independent studies show that most consultants work well over their contracted hours.

Light suggests that consultants control the waiting lists to increase private practice, but waiting lists are mainly a resource problem in a state funded system. To get rid of waiting lists the NHS needs more doctors and more infrastructure or an insurance based system.

Light points out that by working one day a week in the private sector surgeons can double their NHS income. This surely reflects the way that successive governments have failed to maintain the consultant salary and have continued to exploit the medical profession. Doctors would be well rewarded in any other walk of life. There are no perks in hospital medicine—no company cars, bonuses, share options, or private health insurance.

Is it right that senior consultant surgeons should get a maximum of £63 000 a year from the NHS (minus £6000 if they do private work) because they work for a state monopoly employer whereas the prime minister's wife, a lawyer, earns over £200 000 a year? Many consultants do private practice because they enjoy it, but many do it to maintain the reasonable standard of living that they feel they have earned and that their peers enjoy. Is it right that many doctors feel they have to do private work?

The BMA calculates that if the present NHS consultant salary was equivalent to that 20 years ago it would be 50% higher than it is now. How do you decide consultants' salary? By seeing what their market value is and looking at the pay of other comparable professional groups. If Alan Milburn wants to modernise the NHS he could start by paying consultants a realistic salary.

The two tier system that Light describes is not ideal but is better than the American system. In the NHS everyone, not only the rich, has access to the best doctors in the country. Currently, few doctors work purely in the private sector. Most are hard working, conscientious, and dedicated to the NHS, and continual criticism is demoralising.

Light suggests that consultants be made to see NHS patients for a minimum of three days a week. But consultants are already doing this. Most consultants work six or seven fixed sessions (half days), when they see NHS patients, and three or four non-fixed sessions, when they tackle the mountain of non-clinical work expected of them, plus on call commitments. Private practice is performed in addition to this.

I would be happy to show Light what really happens in the NHS. He could then write an article that reflects reality, not anecdote, conspiracy theories, and tabloid sensationalism.
Echinacea for Treating Colds in Children
Authors: Linda Kim, Debra Wollner, Paul Anderson, Debra Brammer
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Intensive Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Tamborlane Wv, Beck Rw, Bode Bw, Buckingham B, Chase Hp, Clemons R, Fiallo-Scharer R, Fox La, Gilliam Lk, Hirsch Ib, Huang Es, Kollman C, Kowalski Aj, Laffel L, Lawrence Jm, Lee J, Mauras N, O'Grady M, Ruedy Kj, Tansey M, Tsalikian E, Weinzimer S, Wilson Dm, Wolpert H, Wysocki T, Xing D
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The value of continuous glucose monitoring in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus has not been determined.
Abstract 17925: Physical Exercise Reduces Angiopoietin-like 2 Circulating Levels Only in CAD Patients With Endothelial Dysfunction
Authors: Carol Yu, Doug Hayami, Mathieu Gayda, Jean-Francois Larouche, Gabriel Lapierre, Christine Henri, Jean Lambert, Martin Juneau, Julie Lalonge, Nathalie Thorin-Trescases, Andre Arsenault, Eric Thorin, Anil Nigam
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Angiopoietin-like 2 (angptl2) is a circulating pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative protein that induces endothelial dysfunction in mice. Plasma angptl2 levels are increased in diabetic or atherosclerotic patients, while a lifestyle intervention has been shown to decrease angptl2 expression in overweight, but otherwise healthy men. Whether angptl2 levels are sensitive to exercise in CAD patients is unknown.   Hypothesis:  Exercise training reduces angptl2 levels in patients with CAD and endothelial dysfunction.   Methods:  Stable and optimally treated CAD patients (n=31, 60±2 y/o, 7 females) were enrolled in a 3-month exercise-based prevention program at the Montreal Heart Institute. Blood samples were collected before and at the end of the study to measure plasma levels of angptl2 (ELISA) and of hs-CRP. Endothelial function was assessed by measuring the ratio of the slope of the nuclear tracer Myoview activity-time in the right to the left arm. A ratio lower than 3.55 is indicative of endothelial dysfunction. Data are mean±SEM.   Results:  Exercise training was associated with a 11% increase in maximal cardiopulmonary capacity (VO2max; p=0.003). Endothelial function was not affected by exercise (from 3.41±0.25 to 3.58±0.26; p=0.455), but plasma levels of angptl2 were significantly decreased by 32% (from 3.4±0.7 to 2.3±0.4 ng/ml; p=0.020), while hs-CRP levels were unaffected (from 2.2±0.5 to 1.5±0.2 mg/l; p=0.155). Levels of angptl2 (but not of hs-CRP) were negatively correlated with VO2max (p=0.0471, r=0.257): the lower angptl2, the fitter the patient. In addition, levels of angptl2 (but not of hs-CRP) were negatively correlated with endothelial function (p=0.0217, r=0.304): the lower angptl2, the better the endothelial function. Importantly, exercise training was associated with a reduction in angptl2 levels (from 4.3±1.2 to 2.5±0.6 ng/ml; p=0.011, n=18) only among individuals with endothelial dysfunction at baseline, but not in patients with normal endothelial function (from 2.2±0.4 to 1.7±0.4 ng/ml; p=0.350, n=11).   Conclusions:  In CAD patients with endothelial dysfunction, angptl2 levels are sensitive to exercise training. Low levels of angptl2 may reflect good cardiopulmonary fitness and endothelial function.
Mice deficient of Lats1 develop soft-tissue sarcomas, ovarian tumours and pituitary dysfunction
Authors: Maie A R St John, Wufan Tao, Xiaolan Fei, Royd Fukumoto, Maria Luisa Carcangiu, David G Brownstein, Albert F Parlow, James McGrath, Tian Xu
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS OF THE HISTIDINE TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER
Authors: Ellis W. Willhelmy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1937)

Article1 March 1937FURTHER OBSERVATIONS OF THE HISTIDINE TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCERELLIS W. WILLHELMY, M.D.ELLIS W. WILLHELMY, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-10-9-1365 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 1923, Mann and Williamson1 reported that they were able to produce in dogs subacute and chronic peptic ulcers, quite like those found in man, by diverting to another part of the intestine those secretions of the duodenum which normally neutralize the gastric juice as it leaves the stomach.Aron and Weiss2of Strasbourg repeated and confirmed these studies. They came to the conclusion that these ulcers formed as a result of an amino acid deficiency. On this theory, they gave intramuscular injections of certain amino acids to dogs that had been subjected to the Mann-Williamson technic, and found that...Bibliography1. MANNWILLIAMSON FCCS: The experimental production of peptic ulcer, Ann. Surg., 1923, lxxvii, 409. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ARONWEISS : Rôle des acides amines dans l'évolution de l'ulcère experimental; influence de l'histidine, Presse Medicale, 1933, xciii, 1880. Effects de l'injection d'acides amines (tryptophane et histidine) sur l'évolution des ulcères experimentaux obtenus par derivation des sucs duodenaux dans l'ileon terminal, Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 1933, cxii, 1528. Influence des injections d'acides amines (tryptophane, histidine, lysine) sur la cicatrisation de plaies artificielles de la muqueuse gastrique (Soc. de Biol. de Strasbourg), Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 1933, cxiii, 1067. Traitement des ulcères gastroduodenaux chez l'homme par les injections d'acides amines (tryptophane-histidine), Compt. rend. Soc. biol., 1933, cxii, 1530. Google Scholar3. WILLHELMYHASHINGER EWEH: The histidine treatment of peptic ulcer, Jr. Kansas Med. Soc., 1936, xxxvii, 45. Google Scholar4. SANDWEISS : The treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer with histidine monohydrochloride (Larostidin), Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1936, cvi, 1452-1459. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Kansas City, Missouri*Received for publication January 23, 1937.From the Department of Medicine, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas.†Larostidin—Hoffman-LaRoche, Inc. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Krankheiten des Magens 1 March 1937Volume 10, Issue 9Page: 1365-1370KeywordsAmino acidsDuodenumIntramuscular injectionsPeptic ulcersStomachUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1937 PDF downloadLoading ...
Maternal age and fetal loss
Authors: D. C Reardon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—The objective of Nybo Andersen et al's study of fetal loss was to measure the age related risk of fetal loss “taking into account a woman's reproductive history.”1 To this end the authors stratified the women according to parity and previous spontaneous abortions but inexplicably omitted stratification by induced abortions. Their only reported use of their complete data on induced abortions was to deduct from the count of fetal loss any miscarriages that occurred before an intended abortion.

The effect of elective abortion on future reproductive health is contentious. Some investigators have found statistical associations between induced abortion and subsequent miscarriages and ectopic pregnancies.2 Others have reported that there is no significant association between abortion and either of these events.3 Colleagues of the authors at the Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, using many of the same data, have recently reported a strong association between induced abortion and subsequent preterm and post-term deliveries, a finding that adds to concerns that induced abortion may degrade reproductive health.4

Numerous studies have shown that abortion is closely associated with other confounding factors, such as smoking, alcohol, and drug use; promiscuity; and venereal disease (citations to several of these studies are included in my rapid response to Nybo Andersen et al's study on bmj.com5). These behaviours may help women to cope with unresolved anxiety and depression after abortion. Women with a history of abortion are especially likely to persist in using tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs during subsequent pregnancies.5 This may be because the subsequent wanted pregnancy is a connector to unresolved issues after abortion.

The daunting task of properly sorting out these confounding interactions, incidental associations, and hidden proxy effects has barely begun. Therefore, researchers working with large registry based datasets should always stratify separately for induced abortion. The failure to do so only postpones clarification of important research issues. In Nybo Andersen et al's study the failure to stratify for induced abortion is even more egregious since stratification was done for spontaneous abortion.

Finally, given the political passions associated with induced abortion, researchers should always stratify for it—if only to avoid arousing the suspicion that they are suppressing data for ideological reasons.
Abstract P187: Level One Cardiac Arrest Centers are Clinically and Cost Effective: a Phase One Study
Authors: Keith Lurie, Pam Schnettler, Janet Steinkamp, Joe Hellie, Roberta Basol, Scott Davis
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction/Hypothesis:  Specialized care after cardiac arrest in Level One Cardiac Arrest Centers (L1CAC) may provide improved care in a cost-effective manner for this gravely ill patient population in an analogous manner to Level One Trauma Centers.   Methods:  In December 2005 a regional referring hospital in central Minnesota (St. Cloud Hospital) established and implemented protocols for all patients admitted following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest that included standardized treatment with hypothermia (if comatose upon admission and regardless of initial arrest rhythm), 24/7 percutaneous cardiac interventions (PCI), critical care management and specialized electrophysiological evaluation and treatment. Hospital discharge rates were compared to historical controls one year prior to the new interventions. Cost effectiveness data were obtained from reviewing the individual billing, collection and revenue generation from all patients after the new program was implemented over the subsequent 19-month period of time. A Standard Chi-Square Test was performed.   Results:  Between 11/04–11/05, 33 patients were admitted alive to the hospital and 11 (33.3%) survived to hospital discharge versus 54/104 (51.9%) admitted between 12/05–12/07 (p=0.062 for historical control vs intervention group). Mean age (72 vs 76) and male gender (58% vs 72%) were similar between the historical control and intervention group, respectively. During the intervention year, 70% of admitted patients were treated with therapeutic hypothermia. The revenues associated with billing for 69 patients treated with hypothermia averaged $57,783/patient who survived to hospital discharge with a direct margin after direct costs of $20,684/patient. The direct revenue and margins for those who expired in the hospital were $12,014 and $3,329, respectively.   Conclusions:  In this phase one evaluation a L1CAC that specialized in care for patients after cardiac arrest, includeing hypothermia, 24/7 PCI, critical care management and specialized electrophysiological treatment, had a 50% higher hospital discharge rate compared with historical controls. This specialized care was cost effective and resulted in a direct margin of >$20,000 for every patient who was discharged alive.
Hypoactivity following perturbed estrogen signaling in the medial amygdala
Authors: Chia Li, Michael J. Krashes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Activation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) in the brain prevents obesity as the result of increased energy expenditure and decreased food intake. While ERα is present on several neural populations, it is not clear how different regions of the brain mediate the weight-regulating effects of ERα activation. In this issue of the JCI, Xu and colleagues provide extensive evidence that ERα is abundant on neurons expressing single-minded-1 (SIM1) in the medial amygdala (MeA) and that loss of ERα in these cells enhances weight gain in both male and female mice, as the result of reduced physical activity. Moreover, focal deletion of ERα from the MeA recapitulated these alterations in energy homeostasis. Conversely, overexpression of ERα in the MeA partially prevented mice from diet-induced obesity, while chemogenetic activation of SIM1-expressing neurons in the MeA transiently promoted physical activity. The results of this study provide important insight into the regions of the brain that mediate ERα-dependent energy homeostasis.