tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recent developments in esophageal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Jesper Lagergren, Pernilla Lagergren
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2013)

Abstract Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is characterized by 6 striking features: increasing incidence, male predominance, lack of preventive measures, opportunities for early detection, demanding surgical therapy and care, and poor prognosis. Reasons for its rapidly increasing incidence include the rising prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux and obesity, combined with the decreasing prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection. The strong male predominance remains unexplained, but hormonal influence might play an important role. Future prevention might include the treatment of reflux or obesity or chemoprevention with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs or statins, but no evidence‐based preventive measures are currently available. Likely future developments include endoscopic screening of better defined high‐risk groups for EAC. Individuals with Barrett esophagus might benefit from surveillance, at least those with dysplasia, but screening and surveillance strategies need careful evaluation to be feasible and cost‐effective. The surgery for EAC is more extensive than virtually any other standard procedure, and postoperative survival, health‐related quality of life, and nutrition need to be improved (eg, by improved treatment, better decision‐making, and more individually tailored follow‐up). Promising clinical developments include increased survival after preoperative chemoradiotherapy, the potentially reduced impact on health‐related quality of life after minimally invasive surgery, and the new endoscopic therapies for dysplastic Barrett esophagus or early EAC. The overall survival rates are improving slightly, but poor prognosis remains a challenge. CA Cancer J Clin 2013;63:232–248 . © 2013 American Cancer Society .
A study of complementary therapies in men receiving radiation therapy for prostate cancer: A randomized feasibility trial
Authors: C. Beard, E. Dean-Clower, J. Dusek, W. B. Stason, S. DeCristofaro, A. Keshaviah, I. Purevjal, D. Rosenthal, A. Webster, H. Benson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15638 Background: Prostate-cancer patients suffer from substantial distress with both their diagnosis and treatment. Several studies have looked at the use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in patients with prostate cancer to alleviate their stress and effects of therapy. We elected to study Reiki and Relaxation Response Therapy (RRT) in prostate-cancer patients. Methods: Patients receiving an eight-week course of radiation for prostate cancer were eligible. Consented participants were randomly assigned to RRT, to Reiki, or to no CAM therapy during radiotherapy. Reiki was given twice weekly, RRT once weekly. The feasibility of enrolling 60 patients, their compliance with physiologic and psychological testing, and preliminary assessment of the effect of CAM are the study endpoints. Statistical analysis of feasibility is based on the assumption that at least 80% of patients would complete 14/16 Reiki sessions or 7/8 RRT sessions. Patients were tested for outcome measures at baseline, at randomization, halfway through radiation, at completion of radiation and 2 months later. The psychosocial outcome measures used were the STAI, CES-D, FACT-G, FACIT: Fatigue Scale, and EPIC: Hormone Section. Physiological assessment included salivary cortisol, blood samples for interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, CD8, natural killer cells, heat shock protein 70 and a validated bowel-and-bladder-symptom questionnaire. Results: We have enrolled 62 of 108 eligible patients (60%) within 18 months. The number of enrollment has been increased to 62 as two patients changed their treatment location. To date five patients dropped out short of completion, 1 became ineligible, 32 have completed the study, 20 are still receiving CAM therapy or are in active follow-up and 2 are awaiting randomization and radiotherapy. Conclusions: Complementary therapy appears to be of much interest to prostate-cancer patients. At the completion of the trial, we will have more data on feasibility, compliance and preliminary results on the effect of CAM intervention in this population. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A memorable patient: A thousand leagues under the sea
Authors: F J H Brims
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Having recently served as the medical officer of a Royal Navy nuclear powered submarine, sometimes isolated for up to 12 weeks without communications, I was occasionally confronted with vexing clinical dilemmas.

About four weeks from the end of a patrol, a 24 year old sailor presented with an itchy, raised, irregularly pigmented lesion on his back that had been bleeding over the past two days. He had first noticed it over six months ago but had failed to seek advice. It was hard, non-blanching, and surrounded …
Abstract 20081: Predicting Risk of Endovascular Device Infection in Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: Muhammad Sohail, Bharath Raj Palraj, Sana Khalid, Daniel Uslan, Farah Al-Saffar, Paul Friedman, Christine Lohse, Walter Wilson, James Steckelberg, Larry Baddour
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objectives: Clinicians need to identify which patients presenting with S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) have underlying cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection and therefore need device extraction. The goal of this study was to identify clinical predictors of CIED infection in patients presenting with SAB. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of SAB in CIED recipients at Mayo Clinic from Jan 2001 to Dec 2011. CIED infection was defined using clinical, microbiologic and echocardiographic criteria. Patients who presented with clinical signs of CIED pocket infection were excluded. A multivariable model was developed to identify independent predictors of CIED infection. Model discrimination was summarized using the area under a receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC). Results: Among the 131 patients with SAB and CIED, 45 (34%) had underlying CIED infection. Permanent pacemaker (PPM) devices (OR 3.90, 95% CI 1.65-9.23, p=0.002), &gt;1 device-related procedure (OR 3.30, 95% CI 1.23-8.86, p=0.018), and duration of SAB ≥4 days (OR 5.54, 95% CI 3.32-13.23, p &lt;0.001) were independently associated with an increased risk of CIED infection. The AUC for this multivariable model was 0.79 indicating good discriminatory capacity to separate SAB patients with and without CIED infection. Various combinations of these three features and the corresponding predicted probabilities of CIED infection are summarized in Table. Conclusions: An individual patient’s risk of underlying CIED infection can be calculated based on the type of device, number of device-related procedures, and duration of SAB. Patients without any of these high-risk features have very low risk of underlying CIED infection and may be monitored closely without immediate device extraction.
UNUSUAL TOXIC REACTION TO BROMSULFALEIN
Authors: A M DE ANDINO, J J McKEOWIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Case Reports1 May 1951UNUSUAL TOXIC REACTION TO BROMSULFALEINA. M. DE ANDINO JR., M.D., JOHN J. MCKEOWN JR., M.D.A. M. DE ANDINO JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN J. MCKEOWN JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-34-5-1265 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBecause of the unusual toxic response that a patient exhibited to the intravenous injection of bromsulfalein (phenoltetrabromphthalein sodium sulfonate), and because of the scarcity of reports in the medical literature concerning reactions from this dye, this case report is submitted.CASE REPORTA 50 year old white woman was admitted to the hospital with the chief complaint of anorexia, easy fatigability, generalized weakness and abdominal pain of six weeks' duration. During the three weeks preceding admission this condition had become progressively worse, so that the patient was unable to perform her household duties and had to spend most of her...Bibliography1. RosenthalWhite SMEC: Clinical application of the bromsulfalein test for hepatic function, J. A. M. A. 84: 1112-1114, 1925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. RosenthalWhite SMEC: A. The pharmacological behavior of certain phthalein dyes. B. The value of selected phthalein compounds in the estimation of hepatic function, J. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap. 24: 265, 1924. Google Scholar3. Gruber CM: Personal communication to the authors. Google Scholar4. ChambersMoister WNFC: Bromsulfalein reaction, Am. J. Med. 5: 308-310, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*Received for publication May 30, 1949.From the Department of Medicine and the Clinical Laboratories, Jefferson Medical College and Hospital, Philadelphia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBromsulphthalein reactionAdverse reactions to sulfobromophthalein sodiumFatal Reaction to SulfobromophthaleinFATAL BROMSULPHALEIN REACTION*H. CHARLES WALKER JR., M.D., MICHAEL F. KOSZALKA, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 May 1951Volume 34, Issue 5Page: 1265-1269KeywordsAbdominal painClinical laboratoriesHospital medicineIntravenous injectionsSodium ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1951 PDF downloadLoading ...
Implementation of a national electronic reporting system in Lithuania
Authors: M Domeika, G Kligys, O Ivanauskiene, J Mereckiene, V Bakasenas, B Morkunas, D Berescianskis, T Wahl, K Stenqvist
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

Electronic reporting systems improve the quality and timeliness of the surveillance of communicable diseases. The aim of this paper is to present the process of the implementation and introduction of an electronic reporting system for the surveillance of communicable diseases in Lithuania. The project which started in 2002 was performed in collaboration between Lithuania and Sweden and was facilitated by the parallel process of adapting the surveillance system to European Union (EU) standards. The Lotus-based software, SmittAdm, was acquired from the Department of Communicable Diseases Control and Prevention of Stockholm County in Sweden and adopted for Lithuania, resulting in the Lithuanian software, ULISAS. A major advantage of this program for Lithuania was the possibility to work offline. The project was initiated in the two largest counties in Lithuania where ULISAS had been installed and put in use by January 2005. The introduction was gradual, the national level was connected to the system during late 2005, and all remaining counties were included during 2006 and 2007. The reporting system remains to be evaluated concerning timeliness and completeness of the surveillance. Further development is needed, for example the inclusion of all physicians and laboratories and an alert system for outbreaks. The introduction of this case-based, timely electronic reporting system in Lithuania allows better reporting of data to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the World Health Organization (WHO) compared to the former reporting system with paper-based, aggregated data.
Departure of Summer
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical comorbidity associated with psoriasis in adults: a population-based study
Authors: Y-W. Yang, J.J. Keller, H-C. Lin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Summary Background Most publications to date on comorbidities associated with psoriasis have focused on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Few comprehensive investigations of medical comorbidities in a cohort of patients with psoriasis appear in the literature. Objectives To examine the prevalence of comorbidities in adult patients with psoriasis, including a comparison of comorbid prevalence vs. that in controls without psoriasis, in a nationally representative dataset in Taiwan. Methods There were 1685 adult patients with psoriasis in the study group and 5055 randomly selected subjects in the comparison group. We used conditional logistic regression analyses to examine the risk of 29 comorbidities for these two groups after adjusting for monthly income, geographical region of residence and the level of urbanization of each patient’s community of residence. Results After adjusting for several potential confounders, patients with psoriasis had higher odds of comorbid congestive heart failure [odds ratio (OR) 1·63], ischaemic heart disease (OR 1·51), renal failure (OR 1·45), uncomplicated diabetes (OR 1·37), liver diseases (OR 1·34), hepatitis B or C (OR 1·34), complicated diabetes (OR 1·32), hyperlipidaemia (OR 1·28), hypertension (OR 1·24) and peptic ulcer (OR 1·22) than did patients without psoriasis. However, patients with mild psoriasis had higher odds of comorbidity only with uncomplicated diabetes (OR 1·55), asthma (OR 1·30), liver diseases (OR 1·30) and peptic ulcer (OR 1·26) than patients without psoriasis. Conclusions We conclude that psoriasis is associated with a variety of medical comorbidities including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, renal failure, liver diseases, viral hepatitis B or C, asthma and peptic ulcers.
Oestrogen replacement increases cancer risk, study shows
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Postmenopausal women who use oestrogen replacement therapy for more than 10 years may be at increased risk of dying of ovarian cancer, a new study has found.

Dr Carmen Rodriguez and colleagues from the American Cancer Society in Atlanta, Georgia, looked at 944 deaths from ovarian cancer recorded over 14 years. Among the group, postmenopausal women who used oestrogen for at least 10 years were about twice as likely to develop ovarian cancer as their peers who did not take it. Even women who used oestrogen for 10 or more years …
265. ImmunoVexEx Vivo: A Herpes Simplex Virus-Based, Dendritic Cell-Mediated Anti-Cancer Vaccine Platform
Authors: Philip Reay, Mei Yi-Sun, Binlei Liu, Yvonne McGrath, Madeleine Wakeling, Justin John, Emma Turnbull, Suzanne Thomas, Rob Coffin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines are promising for cancer treatment. However, there are significant problems of efficient antigen loading and practicality of current approaches. Herpes simplex virus (HSV), unlike most viruses, infects DC very efficiently suggesting its use for antigen delivery to DC. The large size of HSV allows delivery of multiple antigens (up to 30Kb), as may be beneficial for anti-cancer vaccination. However, DC infected with HSV loose the ability to become activated as is necessary for the induction of an effective immune response, probably to minimize immune responses to HSV. Thus, if the HSV- proteins which block DC activation were identified, and these removed from the virus, this might provide an ideal platform for antigen delivery to DC. We have iteratively tested an extensive range of HSV mutants with individual and combinations of genes deleted to identify the HSV DC blocking genes. This has allowed us to develop an optimal HSV backbone which activates DC similarly to LPS, rather than blocking activation as with wild type HSV. These viruses are deleted for the HSV virion host shutoff protein (vhs), which we found to be a key mediator of DC inactivation, ICP47, which blocks antigen presentation, UL43, deletion of which improves DC function, and ICP4, deletion of which blocks HSV replication. This virus significantly up-regulates levels of CD80, CD83, CD86 and MHC class I on infected cells, gives very high level transduction of DC at a low virus dose (MOI<1), and gives potent immune stimulation. These vectors therefore provide a platform for ex vivo transduction of DC for anti-cancer vaccination. Here automated magnetic bead technology is used for the preparation of human DC precursors from peripheral blood. Using DC prepared in this manner, which are transduced and frozen in aliquots for subsequent vaccination, a clinical trial is in preparation in melanoma where a vector has been constructed expressing the three full length melanoma-associated antigens MART-1, gp100 and tyrosinase. Pre-clinical data relating to this program will be presented. However, other vectors encoding other combinations of tumour antigens relevant to other tumour types are also at earlier stages of construction and development.
Memory Disorders in Clinical Practice
Authors: Narinder Kapur
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

This book has been specially designed to give practical help to those who have to deal with diagnosis and subsequent management of patients with memory dicturbance resulting from specific types of cerebral pathology.The author achieves this by organising his book on the basis of clinical aetiology. While anatomical and psychological perspectives are introduced, the emphasis is on approaches which will help clinicians in the management of patients with specific neurological diseases. For example, the essential topic of differential diagnosis is given prominence throughout: the principles of diagnositc assessment are discussed in a separate chapter, and specific diagnostic features are outlined in each of the chapters dealing with individual cerebral pathologies. The author draws on his own extensive experience as a practising clinical neuropsychologist to describe and evaluate the range of existing memory test procedures, and suggest additional procedures as appropriate. Full references are also given for those wishing to develop their own assessment of therapeutic procedures. Mainly intended for practising neurologists and clinical neuropsychologists, anyone whose work brings them into contact with patients suffering from memory disturbance will find this book invaluable.
Relation between Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye in the Elderly
Authors: Oliver D. Schein, James M. Tielsch, Beatriz Muñoz, Karen Bandeen-Roche, Sheila West
Journal: Ophthalmology (1997)

Purpose: To examine the distribution and association of dry eye symptoms, Schirmer test results, and rose bengal scores in a population-based sample of elderly Americans. Design: Population-based prevalence survey. Participants: Involved were 2240 noninstitutionalized residents of Salisbury, Maryland, aged 65 years and older as of September 1993, and identified by the Health Care Financing Administration Medicare database. Main Outcome Measures: A standardized dry eye symptom questionnaire, rose bengal scoring of ocular surface staining, and Schirmer tests. Results: Fourteen percent of participants reported one or more symptoms to be present often or all the time. The mean Schirmer score in the lower testing eye was 12.4 and 42% had a rose bengal score of 1 or greater. No significant differences by age, gender, or race were seen for symptoms, Schirmer, or rose bengal testing. No association was seen between lower Schirmer scores and presence of more frequent symptoms. Higher rose bengal scores were weakly associated with symptoms. The Schirmer and rose bengal test results, both individually and in combination, were insensitive in identifying individuals who had symptoms. Conclusions: Although symptoms of ocular irritation are common among the elderly, these population-based data indicate that there is minimal overlap between individuals identified by questionnaire, Schirmer tests, and rose bengal scoring. Purpose: To examine the distribution and association of dry eye symptoms, Schirmer test results, and rose bengal scores in a population-based sample of elderly Americans. Design: Population-based prevalence survey. Participants: Involved were 2240 noninstitutionalized residents of Salisbury, Maryland, aged 65 years and older as of September 1993, and identified by the Health Care Financing Administration Medicare database. Main Outcome Measures: A standardized dry eye symptom questionnaire, rose bengal scoring of ocular surface staining, and Schirmer tests. Results: Fourteen percent of participants reported one or more symptoms to be present often or all the time. The mean Schirmer score in the lower testing eye was 12.4 and 42% had a rose bengal score of 1 or greater. No significant differences by age, gender, or race were seen for symptoms, Schirmer, or rose bengal testing. No association was seen between lower Schirmer scores and presence of more frequent symptoms. Higher rose bengal scores were weakly associated with symptoms. The Schirmer and rose bengal test results, both individually and in combination, were insensitive in identifying individuals who had symptoms. Conclusions: Although symptoms of ocular irritation are common among the elderly, these population-based data indicate that there is minimal overlap between individuals identified by questionnaire, Schirmer tests, and rose bengal scoring.