tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Swabber's Ear
Authors: Richard L. Green
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> During the past year in a clinical practice of allergy, I have seen a number of patients with characteristic findings on physical examination of the ear that I have called "swabber's ear." The patients are asymptomatic. Typically, the external ear canal is spotlessly free of cerumen. There may be inflammation in the canal. The tympanic membrane reveals injected blood vessels along the handle of the malleus. There may be radiating injected blood vessels diffusely on the membrane, but not usually. It is important, however, that the tympanic membrane is otherwise normal. There is no retraction, no fluid behind the membrane. All patients with these findings admit to the recent use of cotton-tipped swabs to clean their ears. I do not know if the use of cottontipped swabs is a meticulous trait peculiar to allergic patients who know that their ears will be examined when they come to
Abstract 4037: Loss of Par3 induces an epithelial to metastatic-epithelial transition during ErbB2 induced mammary tumor progression
Authors: Bin Xue, Kannan Krishnamurthy, Senthil K. Muthuswamy
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The Partitioning defective (Par) proteins are part of an evolutionarily conserved complex that is known to regulate asymmetric cell division, cell junction biogenesis and epithelial morphogenesis, but the role they play in cancer is not well understood. Here we demonstrate that loss of Partitioning defective 3 (Par3) cooperates with activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB2 to induce migration and invasion of normal and tumor-derived human mammary epithelial cells. Surprisingly, the acquisition of invasive ability was not associated with an overt mesenchymal transition as determined by a lack of expression of mesenchymal markers and retention of an epithelial morphology. We demonstrate that loss of Par3 induces aberrant activation of the small GTP binding protein Rac, loss of cortical actin and a decrease in cell-cell adhesion. Par3 is known to interact with and inhibit the Rac exchange factor Tiam1, consistently, ectopic expression of Tiam1 phenocopied Par3 loss and was sufficient to cooperate with ErbB2 to induce invasion and a decrease in intercellular adhesion. Inhibition of Tiam1-induced Rac activation restores cortical actin network and cell-cell junctions and blocks ErbB2-induced migration and invasion. Expression of Par3 was downregulated in both human breast cancer and in the metastasis resulting from ErbB2-expressing primary mouse mammary tumors. Forced downregulation of Par3 in ErbB2-tumor-derived primary epithelial cells promoted metastasis in vivo demonstrating that loss of Par3 is sufficient to initiate metastatic progression of ErbB2-induced mammary tumors. Thus, loss of Par3 induces metastatic properties to epithelial cells while expression of Par3 is required to maintain a non-metastatic epithelial state of tumor cells. Our observations on metastatic epithelia identify a novel mechanism by which tumor cells metastasize while retaining epithelial characteristics. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4037. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4037
Effects of boron supplementation on bone mineral density and dietary, blood, and urinary calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, and boron in female athletes.
Authors: S L Meacham, L J Taper, S L Volpe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The effects of boron supplementation on blood and urinary minerals were studied in female college students--17 athletes and 11 sedentary controls--over a one-year period. The athletes had lower percent body fat and higher aerobic capacities than sedentary controls. Athletic subjects consumed more boron in their normal diets than sedentary subjects; all other dietary measures were similar between the two groups. The athletes showed a slight increase in bone mineral density, whereas the sedentary group showed a slight decrease. Serum phosphorus concentrations were lower in boron-supplemented subjects than in subjects receiving placebos, and were lower at the end of the study period than during baseline analysis. Activity depressed changes in serum phosphorus in boron-supplemented subjects. Serum magnesium concentrations were greatest in the sedentary controls whose diets were supplemented with boron, and increased with time in all subjects. A group x supplement interaction was observed with serum magnesium; exercise in boron-supplemented subjects lowered serum magnesium. In all subjects, calcium excretion increased over time; in boron-supplemented subjects, boron excretion increased over time. In all subjects, boron supplementation affected serum phosphorus and magnesium, and the excretion of urinary boron.
Newest in Long Tradition of Hospital Ships Originally Were Launched as Supertankers
Authors: Chris Raymond
Journal: JAMA (1989)

HAVE HOSPITAL, will travel. Plowing steadily through the waters of the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, respectively, the US Navy hospital ships<i>Mercy</i>and<i>Comfort</i>provide floating medical support for military personnel—and civilians, too. In 1986, for example, the<i>Mercy</i>went on a 72-day shakedown cruise in the Philippines as part of a humanitarian aid package approved by then-President Ronald Reagan. The 90 000-ton (81 000 tonne) ship stopped at seven islands to treat as many as 1500 persons a day for ailments ranging from leprosy to parasites, malaria, and tumors. "The biggest one [tumor] was 32 pounds and the size of a basketball," recounts CDR Judith Lombardi. Many of the children who came on board had cleft lips and palates, clubfeet, or cataracts. Working with local physicians, the medical staff preselected patients to fit into the ship's capability and overall mission. Certainly, the problems of the patients on the Philippine
A mutation in CYP11B1 (Arg-448----His) associated with steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency in Jews of Moroccan origin.
Authors: P C White, J Dupont, M I New, E Leiberman, Z Hochberg, A Rösler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase (P450c11) deficiency (failure to convert 11-deoxycortisol to cortisol) causes less than 10% of cases of congenital adrenal hyperplasia in most populations, but it is relatively frequent in Jews of Moroccan origin. P450c11 is encoded by the CYP11B1 gene which is located on chromosome 8q22 along with a homologous gene of unknown function, CYP11B2. To identify mutations in CYP11B1 associated with 11 beta-hydroxylase deficiency in Moroccan Jews, oligonucleotides were used that selectively amplified portions of CYP11B1 in polymerase chain reactions without amplifying CYP11B2. Sequence analysis of amplified fragments from one patient revealed a single base substitution in exon 8, codon 448 from CGC (arginine) to CAC (histidine). This residue is within the "heme binding" peptide that contains a cysteine that is a ligand to the heme group. The equivalent of Arg-448 is found in every known eukaryotic P450, and therefore it seems likely that a mutation of this residue would adversely affect enzymatic activity. 11 of 12 affected alleles from six Moroccan Jewish families carried the mutation in codon 448. This mutation is not normally present in CYP11B2 and thus appears to have arisen in CYP11B1 as a true point mutation rather than a gene conversion.
Use of an ultra short-acting beta-blocker in patients with acute myocardial ischemia.
Authors: J M Kirshenbaum, R A Kloner, E M Antman, E Braunwald
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Esmolol is a new ultra short-acting (half-life [t1/2] beta 9 min) beta 1-adrenergic-receptor antagonist reported to have no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. The safety and efficacy of esmolol in lowering the ventricular rate and rate-pressure product in patients with acute myocardial infarction (n = 5), postmyocardial infarction angina (n = 10), or acute unstable angina (n = 4), and without cardiogenic shock were studied. After a 30 min observation period, esmolol was titrated to a maximum dose of 300 micrograms/kg/min and infused for up to 420 min. The ventricular rate fell from 92 +/- 11 (mean +/- SD) to 77 +/- 13 beats/min (p less than .01) and the systolic arterial pressure decreased from 120 +/- 13 to 97 +/- 11 mm Hg (p less than .01) during the initial 30 min titration period. There was no significant change during the maintenance phase, and both the ventricular rate and arterial pressure returned rapidly toward baseline values within 30 min of termination of the infusion. The cardiac index fell from 2.8 +/- 0.6 to 2.2 +/- 0.6 liters/min/m2 (p less than .01) during the same period, and also returned to the baseline level 30 min after termination of the infusion. There was no significant change in the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, respiratory rate, or PR interval. Five patients required termination of infusion because of hypotension and all recovered uneventfully within 30 min of stopping the esmolol. One patient required a brief infusion of dopamine to restore hemodynamic stability.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Risk of Birth Defects After Use of Acyclovir, Valacyclovir, and Famciclovir in the First Trimester
Authors: Bing Hou, Yuanchao Zhang
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Self-learning and self-organization as tools for speech research
Authors: R. I. Damper
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Locus equations offer promise for an understanding of at least some aspects of perceptual invariance in speech, but they were discovered almost fortuitously. With the present availability of powerful machine learning algorithms, ignorance-based automatic discovery procedures are starting to supplant knowledge-based scientific inquiry. Principles of self-learning and self-organization are powerful tools for speech research but remain somewhat under-utilized.
Recent Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism
Authors: John T. Garland
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Confronting such a title, one is not sure what to expect. A perusal of the preface reveals that this is a product of several authors, all clinicians. The scope of recent advances is not specified, but the allusion to the advent of radioimmunoassays (now more than 15 years ago) suggests that advances of at least a decade or two will qualify as recent. This intermediate time frame is convenient. It allows each author the freedom to begin with older, well-established principles, note more recent data, and then discuss his current conceptions regarding the physiology and pathophysiology of an aspect of the endocrine system. A broad spectrum of endocrinology is covered, including clinical diagnosis and treatment. In general, the chapters are clear and concise, with appropriate use of tables and drawings to enhance the explanations. They are not quite upto-date, for most references are from 1976 or earlier. There is unevenness,
Posterior mediastinal venous masses in patients with portal hypertension.
Authors: P J Moult, D W Waite, R Dick
Journal: Gut (1975)

Of 304 consecutive splenic venograms performed for suspected portal hypertension, oesophageal collateral veins were filled in 145. In seven patients massively dilated paraoesophageal collaterals were visible on the plain chest radiograph as a retrocardiac posterior mediastinal mass. Erect and supine radiographs have been compared in four patients, and the Valsalva and Mueller manoeuvres performed in one patient. The size of the masses was unchanged by these procedures, which were therefore of no value in differential diagnosis. The mass was still present immediately after portocaval anastomosis in one patient, but in another is no longer seen on radiographs taken seven years postoperatively. All seven patients also had submucosal oesophageal varices and therefore the barium swallow remains the most useful study to clarify the nature of a retrocardiac mass. Correct identification of pseudotumoural venous collaterals may avoid unnecessary further investigation.
Text-Atlas of Hematology
Authors: Ruth Andrea Seeler
Journal: JAMA (1977)

A new standard reference work for pathologists and for trainees in hematology and oncology has now been published. It is both an atlas and a text. As an atlas, it is superb, with 1,185 illustrations, of which 517 are in color. The standard hematologic diseases are profusely illustrated with intimate correlation of the peripheral blood smear and bone marrow aspiration, along with bone marrow, lymph node, liver, and spleen biopsy specimens where appropriate. Special stains are included when they clarify the disease process. Extensive legends guide the reader serially through the course of the disease, response to chemotherapy, and ultimate outcome. One shortcoming of the book as an atlas lies in not expanding it to include new morphological techniques of electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Also, the 48 pages of color plates are grouped in four locations, necessitating much page flipping. All illustrations are first-class technical and illustrative quality.
Helicobacter pylori: Good Side Complicates Efforts To Combat Bad Side
Authors: Caroline McNeil
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2008)

It sounds all too obvious: Screen people for Helicobacter pylori , a known cause of gastric cancer; then treat the infection with antibiotics and save hundreds of thousands of lives each year. But it’s not that simple, and a debate about the pros and cons of population screening and treatment for H. pylori continues to simmer. In July, a new study in The Lancet added fresh fuel to the discussion. Masahiro Asaka, M.D., of Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine in Japan and colleagues in the Japan GAST Study Group studied 544 patients with early gastric cancer and H. pylori infection. The patients were randomized to receive either standard care for gastric cancer or standard care plus antibiotics to eradicate the infection. Among those who took the antibiotics, nine developed new cancers compared with 14 among those receiving standard care. The difference was statistically signifi cant. In an accompanying editorial, Nicholas
Modern concepts in the biology, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: M Deckert, A Engert, W Brück, A J M Ferreri, J Finke, G Illerhaus, W Klapper, A Korfel, R Küppers, M Maarouf, M Montesinos-Rongen, W Paulus, U Schlegel, H Lassmann, O D Wiestler, R Siebert, L M DeAngelis
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Second malignancy after treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia: cohort study on adult patients enrolled in the GIMEMA trials
Authors: L Pagano, A Pulsoni, M E Tosti, C Caramatti, R Cerri, P Falcucci, P Fazi, L Fianchi, B Martino, D Mattei, M Offidani, L Pacilli, E M Pogliani, B Rotoli, G Specchia, G Visani, M Vignetti, M T Voso, G Leone, F Mandelli
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
The Troops in Santiago.
Authors: Orlando Ducker
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Near Santiago, July 13, 1898. [Delayed in Transmission.] <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Since my last on the 2d inst., yellow fever with its usual attendant scare has made its appearance in the camp of our army, nor is it anything but as a natural sequence of the violation of both the laws of health and ordinary precaution. After notification to Spanish authorities that Santiago would be bombarded after twenty-four hours the foreign consuls in the city asked permission to let non-combatants and foreigners pass out. General Shafter granted the request, which was perfectly proper and most humane, but the great and inexcusable mistake was to allow them to pass through and disseminate among our camps and to have them hauled in our commissary wagons to Siboney, some nine miles distant, where is located our general hospital and the point of debarkation of troops and the embarking of our sick and wounded.
Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis Associated With Hepatitis C Infection With No Evidence of Liver Disease
Authors: Leonardo A. Sechi
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —An intriguing association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis has been described in patients with clinical and histological evidence of chronic liver disease<sup>1</sup>(either chronic active hepatitis or cirrhosis). In some of these patients an improvement in liver and kidney disease was obtained by means of antiviral treatment with interferon alfa. To date, there is no report of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with HCV infection in the absence of liver disease. We identified a 63-year-old man with vasculitis, hypertension, heavy proteinuria, red blood cell casts, increased serum creatinine level, cryoglobulinemia, hypocomplementemia, positivity for rheumatoid factor and circulating immune complexes, and negativity for antinuclear, antineutrophil cytoplasmic, anti-smooth muscle, and antimitochondrial antibodies. Results of renal biopsy showed type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with increased mesangial matrix and cellularity in a lobular pattern, tubular atrophy, and mononuclear cells in the interstitium. Immunofluorescence showed granular staining of the glomerular
Specificity of prohormone convertase endoproteolysis of progastrin in AtT-20 cells.
Authors: C J Dickinson, M Sawada, Y J Guo, S Finniss, T Yamada
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Biologically active peptide hormones are synthesized from larger precursor proteins by a variety of posttranslational processing reactions. Endoproteolytic cleavage at the Lys74-Lys75 dibasic processing site of progastrin is the major determinant for the relative distribution of gastrin heptadecapeptide and tetratriacontapeptide in tissues. Thus, we explored the ability of two prohormone convertases, PC1/PC3 and PC2, to cleave this important site within progastrin. We expressed wild-type human gastrin cDNA and mutant cDNAs in which the Lys74Lys75 site was changed to Lys74Arg75, Arg74Arg75, and Arg74Lys75 residues in AtT-20 cells. Because AtT-20 cells express Pc1/PC3 but not PC2, we also coexpressed a cDNA encoding PC2 in both wild-type and mutant gastrin-producing AtT-20 cells. Wild-type Lys74Lys75 and mutant Arg74Arg75 progastrin processing sites were efficiently cleaved in AtT-20 cells only after coexpression of PC2. Mutant Lys74Arg75 progastrin was readily processed in cells in the presence or absence of PC2 coexpression, but, in contrast, mutant Arg74Lys75 progastrin was inefficiently cleaved regardless of PC2 coexpression. Northern analysis revealed the presence of PC2 but not PC1/ PC3 in canine antral gastrin-producing G cells. These data suggest that PC2 but not PC1/PC3 is responsible for the cleavage of the Lys74Lys75 site in wild-type progastrin.
Secretin, Cholecystokinin, and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in Pancreatic Cholera
Authors: JAMES L. ACHORD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1986Secretin, Cholecystokinin, and Vasoactive Intestinal Polypeptide in Pancreatic CholeraJAMES L. ACHORD, M.D.JAMES L. ACHORD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-4-632_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A substance that could be used to stimulate the release of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) from tumors in the same way we use secretin or calcium to stimulate release of gastrin in gastrinomas would be interesting and potentially useful. We have recently tested the response to a bolus injection of secretin and cholecystokinin (pancreozymin) in a patient with high serum levels of VIP (range, 200 to 600 pg/ mL) and the pancreatic cholera syndrome.This patient had malignant carcinoid cells recovered by needle aspiration from hepatic nodules and a step-up in serum VIP levels across the hepatic... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JAMES L. ACHORD, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Use of the Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogue, Octreotide Acetate, in Patients with Islet Cell Tumors 1 October 1986Volume 105, Issue 4Page: 632-633KeywordsCalciumCellsCholeraGastrinPolypeptidesSecretin ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Intensive Treatment for the Elderly-Reply
Authors: Edward W. Campion
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Portnoi's description of our outlook as pessimistic is not warranted. Neither our study nor our personal opinions favor withholding medical resources from elderly patients. However, the finding of a 43% one-year mortality in the group aged 75 years and older is a sobering reminder of the need to evaluate the role of intensive care in the context of patients' own goals and in the framework of continuous care that Dr Portnoi has described so well. Both the observations and principal conclusions of Drs Knaus and Wagner are in substantial agreement with our own. We do not maintain that physicians are generally less aggressive in treating elderly patients. In fact, our most prominently reported finding was that the use of major life-support interventions in the ICU increased with patient age. We did find that the ratio of mean charges for nonsurvivors to survivors decreased with age and suggested