tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Loss of CDKN2A and p14ARF expression occurs frequently in human nonmelanoma skin cancers
Authors: A. Pacifico, L.H. Goldberg, K. Peris, S. Chimenti, G. Leone, H.N. Ananthaswamy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

The CDKN2A locus on human chromosome 9p21 encodes two proteins named p16INK4a and p14ARF, known to function as tumour suppressors via the retinoblastoma (Rb) or the p53 pathway. The p53 tumour suppressor gene is the most commonly mutated gene in human and mouse cancers. Disruption of the p53 and Rb pathways is a fundamental trend of most human cancer cells. Recent studies have shown that the CDKN2A gene plays an active role in the p53 and Rb tumour suppressor pathways. Genetic abnormalities in CDKN2A have been well documented in human melanoma, but their involvement in nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is less clear.To determine whether genetic abnormalities in CDKN2A and p53 genes play a role in the development of NMSC.We analysed 40 primary NMSCs in 40 patients (21 squamous cell carcinomas, 17 basal cell carcinomas and two actinic keratoses) for p16INK4a and p14ARF protein expression and for genetic alterations in exons 1alpha, 1beta and 2 of CDKN2A.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed loss of expression of p16INK4a and p14ARF proteins in 38 and 39 of 40 NMSCs, respectively. Amplification of genomic DNA by polymerase chain reaction revealed homozygous deletion of exon 1beta in 20% of tumours and of exon 2 in 82.5% of tumours. Of 22 NMSCs with p53 mutations, 13 (59%) had ultraviolet (UV) signature mutations in the p53 gene; all of them were strongly positive for p53 immunostaining.In addition to mutations in the p53 gene, loss of expression of CDKN2A via deletion also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of human NMSC. While p53 mutations are induced by UVB, deletions in CDKN2A could arise spontaneously, perhaps during tumour progression.
Ultraviolet-induced red fluorescence of patients with acne reflects regional casual sebum level and acne lesion distribution: qualitative and quantitative analyses of facial fluorescence
Authors: C.W. Choi, J.W. Choi, K.C. Park, S.W. Youn
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

The ultraviolet (UV)-induced red fluorescence of patients with acne has been considered to be caused by Propionibacterium acnes.To study the correlation of the facial red fluorescence with the casual sebum level and the number of acne lesions and to investigate the difference in clinical features, according to both distribution and proportion of fluorescence.A total of 878 patients clinically diagnosed with acne vulgaris were included. Inflammatory and noninflammatory acne lesions were counted separately. UV fluorescent photography and casual sebum level measurements were performed. UV-induced fluorescence patterns were classified according to the facial distribution. The proportions of UV-induced red fluorescence were calculated.We identified six different fluorescence distribution patterns in the T-zone (the forehead, nose and chin) and three different patterns in the U-zone (both cheeks). The proportion of fluorescence in the U-zone showed a positive correlation with the casual sebum level and the number of acne lesions. In the T-zone, the fluorescence proportion correlated with the casual sebum level, but not with the number of acne lesions. As the patients' age and the age at onset increased, the distribution of fluorescence changed from the upper part of the T-zone to the lower part, and to the centre of the face in the U-zone.Our results support the hypothesis that the origin of facial red fluorescence is sebum. In patients with acne, analyses of the pattern and proportion of UV-induced red fluorescence can be useful for evaluating the sebum secretion and selecting efficient treatment modalities.
Sulfinpyrazone and thromboembolism.
Authors: E A Loeliger
Journal: Circulation (1981)

between the femoral artery and the aorta.These observations could also be interpreted as an increase in the amount of reflections from the upper body but a decrease in the amount of reflection from the lower part of the body.These results remain consistent with the mechanisms we proposed if one accepts that the reflections from the lower part of the body are those that dominate the wave form con- tours in the ascending aorta.To decide what roles either a change in the amount or a change in the delay time of reflected waves from various parts of the body plays in determining the configuration of pressure wave forms outside of the ascending aorta, it would be necessary to study with solid-state micrometers and flow sensors the pressure-flow relationships in vessels other than the ascending aorta during control and during the Valsalva maneuver.Dr. O'Rourke implies that our results on phase angle of the im- pedance showed similar fluctuations and control during Valsalva.We do not quite understand this comment; both figures 3 and 4 of our study reveal phase angles that deviate less from zero during the maneuver as compared to control.This finding is consistent with the smooth impedance modulus and again indicates a decrease in reflec- tions during the Valsalva maneuver.Dr. O'Rourke's contributions to the field of arterial hemo- dynamics have been enormous and we have the greatest admiration for this distinguished scientist.His remarks have stimulated us to pursue these issues further and studies are under way in our laboratory to evaluate the role of reflections from the upper as well as the lower body using the advantages of modern multisensor catheterization techniques.
Heart Risk Rises With Long-term HIV Drugs
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stable Mixed Hematopoietic Chimerism in DLA-Identical Littermate Dogs Given Sublethal Total Body Irradiation Before and Pharmacological Immunosuppression After Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Rainer Storb, Cong Yu, John L. Wagner, H. Joachim Deeg, Richard A. Nash, Hans-Peter Kiem, Wendy Leisenring, Howard Shulman
Journal: Blood (1997)
Abstract 151: AMSA-Dependent Association Between Shock Energy and Shock Success
Authors: Yongqin Li, Bihua Chen, Mi He, Giuseppe Ristagno, Weilun Quan, Ulrich Herken
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Purpose: Previous studies have demonstrated that quantitative analysis of ventricular fibrillation (VF) waveform has the potential to optimize the timing of defibrillation. However, the interaction between energy and the predictability of quantitative VF analysis is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between shock success and shock energy in the different amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) ranges and the possibility of using AMSA to guide the shock energy selection. Materials and Methods: Digitized ECG recordings were analyzed from a registry data of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests. Current-based impedance compensation automated external defibrillators with an escalating defibrillation energy protocol from 120J to 150 and 200 J were used in this study. A waveform episode of 2.05 seconds (512 data points) ending at 0.5 second before each shock attempt was selected for analysis. Shock success was defined as an organized rhythm that was present for a minimum of 30 seconds, started within 60 seconds after the shock, and had a rate of 40 beats per minute or greater. Results: A total of 1219 shocks from 536 patients with VF were analyzed. The shock success rate was increased with escalated energies when AMSA was greater than 12 mvHz (50.0% for 120J, 64.6% for 150J and 82.5% for 200J, p&lt;0.05). When AMSA was low (&lt;12 mvHz), escalated energies did not increase the shock success rate (9.3% for 120J, 12.4% for 150J and 10.4% for 200J, p:NS). Multivariable logistic regression demonstrated that the only independent predictor of shock success for low AMSA values was the AMSA (OR=1.494, 95% CI:1.362-1.638, p&lt;0.001), while for high AMSA values, it was the shock energy (OR=1.011, 95% CI=1.004-1.018, p=0.003) Conclusions: In this patient population, escalating energy protocol improved defibrillation success when AMSA was high. When AMSA was low the escalating energy protocol did not improve defibrillation success and a fixed low energy protocol may perform equally well as the escalating energy protocol. This may help to reduce myocardial damage associated with higher cumulative energy delivery. Real-time AMSA analysis during CPR could optimize not only the timing of defibrillation, but also provide robust energy selection for defibrillation.
Abstract 14394: Reduction of Myocardial Perfusion During Acute Hyperglycemia Is More Marked in the Presence of Insulin Resistance: A Noninvasive Bedside Evaluation Using Vasodilator Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography
Authors: Sahar S Abdelmoneim, Mary E Hagen, Edward Mendrick, Vishwanath Pattan, Benjamin Benjamin Wong, Barbara Norby, Tamara Roberson, Troy Szydel, Rita Basu, Ananda Basu, Sharon L Mulvagh
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background:  The effect of insulin resistance (IR) on coronary perfusion in humans is poorly studied. We evaluated the association of IR during acute hyperglycemia on myocardial blood flow (MBF) and coronary flow reserve (CFR) as measured by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) in nondiabetic volunteers   Methods:  We prospectively enrolled 19 [5 males] nondiabetics. IR status was based on glucose infusion rate (GIR, mg/kg/min) during euglycemic hormone clamp [somatostatin, replacement glucagon, growth hormone, and insulin]. Glucose was infused for total of 4 hrs (arterialized blood glucose (BG) monitored every 10 min) to achieve euglycemic (BG 95± 6.8mg/dl) and hyperglycemic (BG 233 ± 18 mg/dl) states. For each glycemic state, MCE was done (Definity: 1.3 ml in 60 cc 0.9% saline at 200 ml/hr;) at rest and during stress (regadenoson 400 ug IV bolus) to measure myocardial blood volume (A dB); microbubble velocity (β sec -1 ); MBF (dB/sec); and CFR   Results:  Stress MBF, CFR and β reserve were significantly reduced during acute hyperglycemia vs. euglycemia [stress MBF 4.5± 2.1 vs. 5.5± 2.5, P=0.040, CFR 2.07 ± 0.89 vs. 3.2 ± 1.3, P Figure . Using a threshold GIR of 5.5 ± 3.3 mg/kg/min (median 5 mg/kg/min), MBF and CFR were significantly differentiated, although, clinical characteristics were not , Table    Conclusions:  During acute hyperglycemia, the degree of underlying insulin resistance correlates with the magnitude of reduction in myocardial blood flow and coronary flow reserve as determined noninvasively by vasodilator MCE in nondiabetics.
Abstract #LB-255: CD44 and Hyaluronic Acid: Salivary Markers in HNSCC
Authors: Lutecia Mateus Pereira, Aymee Perez, W. Goodwin, Elizabeth Franzmann
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Each year 40,000 individuals in the United States and 500,000 worldwide are diagnosed with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Tobacco and alcohol, the main risk factors, account for approximately 85% of HNSCC. Only 50% of patients are cured with initial therapy, because the majority of HNSCC is identified in advanced stage. The upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) is easy to access and is bathed by saliva that contains potential molecular markers for HNSCC. CD44 and hyaluronic acid (HA), potential tumor markers, are differentially expressed in normal versus dysplastic UADT mucosa and HNSCC and involved in tumorigenesis. We have previously reported that soluble CD44 is overexpressed in oral rinses from HNSCC compared to controls and is useful for distinguishing benign disease from malignancy; however sensitivity was limited at 62%. Here we evaluate HA as an additional marker that may be useful in combination with solCD44. We used ELISA and ELISA-like assays to evaluate solCD44 and HA levels in oral rinses from 10 low-risk controls, 26 high-risk controls (history of drinking or smoking and with benign disease of the upper aerodigestive tract), and 23 HNSCC patients. The mean solCD44 level in oral rinses was 3.26 ± 0.4348 ng/ml for subjects with HNSCC, 2.07 ± 0.4379 ng/ml for benign disease patients (p  2 years prior to evidence of disease, subjects in the high-risk control group will have to be followed over time to determine whether this lower specificity is due to false positives or early malignant change. In conclusion, solCD44 complements the HA test, suggesting that the combination of these two markers may be useful to detect HNSCC in early stages with higher sensitivity and specificity than tested alone. Further investigation of this marker panel is under way in our laboratory. Supported by NIH grants CA107828 and CA118584, FAMRI grant 12536   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr LB-255.
The role of cytokine gene polymorphisms in renal impairment after liver transplantation
Authors: J. R. Jonsson, C. Hong, N. Isbel, C. Hawley, M. Butler, D. M. Purdie, N. Pandeva, G. A. Balderson, A. D. Clouston, C. J. Edwards-Smith, S. V. Lynch, E. E. Powell
Journal: Hepatology (2000)
Abstract 11461: A Prospective Study of Anxiety in ICD Patients With Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Moderate to Severe Anxiety
Authors: Mohammed Qintar, Jason George, Melanie Panko, scott bea, Karen Broer, Julie St. John, Samuel Sears, Susan Pederson, Leopoldo Pozuelo, Mina Chung
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) shocks can cause anxiety but effective therapy to reduce this morbidity has not been identified. We assessed anxiety in ICD patients and whether cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) reduces moderate-high anxiety.   Hypothesis:  Patients receiving a CBT intervention compared to patients receiving usual care would have higher reduction in anxiety levels at 3 months and 1 year follow-up.   Methods:  In this prospective 2-part study, Part 1 was a cross-sectional and longitudinal observation of consecutive ICD patients, including collection of anxiety scores (Beck Anxiety Inventory [BAI], Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale [GAD7]). Part 2 was a randomized controlled trial of CBT (3 sessions in 3 months) vs. usual care (UC) in moderate to high anxiety patients (BAI≥ 19) from Part 1. Surveys were repeated at 3, 6 and 12 months.   Results:  In Part 1 (N=704), mean BAI score was 7.2±7.8 and mean GAD7 was 3.2±4.2. By BAI 64.5% had minimal and 3.9% had severe anxiety. By GAD7 73.0% had a low probability of anxiety and 2.9% had high anxiety (Top Fig). Higher anxiety was associated with recent (p=0.017) and inappropriate (p=0.029) shocks, but not with appropriate shocks (p=0.13). In Part 2 (N=29), CBT and UC patients had similar anxiety at baseline. In the CBT group BAI scores decreased from 26.6 to 14.4 at one year, p=0.028, and GAD7 scores decreased from 10.45 to 6.14, p=0.041 (Bottom Fig); no change in anxiety was observed in the UC arm.   Conclusions:  Severe anxiety was present in a small proportion of ICD patients, but higher anxiety was associated with recent and inappropriate shocks. CBT lowered moderate-high anxiety with lasting effects to 1 year.
Cidofovir inhibits growth of B16 melanoma cells in vivo
Authors: P. Redondo, M. Idoate, J.C. Galofré, T. Solano
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Cidofovir [(S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonyl-methoxypropyl) cytosine] is a commercially available nucleotide analogue that has antiviral activity against a broad range of DNA viruses and is effective against human cytomegalovirus infection.We aimed to study the effect of cidofovir on growth of the highly aggressive melanoma tumour arising from mouse melanoma B16 cells grafted subcutaneously in C57B16/J mice.Mice were treated daily with systemic cidofovir at several doses. In treated and control groups, tumour growth was measured using a calliper, and histological studies were performed.In untreated mice, massive invasive melanoma tumours were observed on day 5 after tumour cell grafting. Cidofovir treatment gave a dose-dependent reduction in tumour size. Tumour growth was inhibited by 62% at a dose of 37.5 mg kg(-1) three times weekly, as compared with control mice treated with saline alone. At 67 mg kg(-1) three times weekly, tumour growth was inhibited by 90%. Increasing the cidofovir dose to 50 or 100 mg kg(-1) daily resulted in a gradual increase in the antitumoral effect of the compound. In one experiment, cidofovir was administered at 100 mg kg(-1) five times weekly from the eighth day after the injection of tumour cells, when the tumour already had a volume of approximately 100 mm(3). In the treatment group, on the 14th day the tumour volume was approximately 200 mm(3), while in the control group it had increased to 750 mm(3).Although the mechanism is unknown, an antitumoral or antiangiogenic effect may be the reason for the activity of cidofovir in this model. In view of our findings, use of cidofovir should be further explored in the treatment of neoplastic diseases.
Abstract 3725: Simvastatin but Not Pravastatin Affects Sleep: Findings from the UCSD Statin Study
Authors: Beatrice A Golomb, Edwin K Kwon, Michael H Criqui, Joel E Dimsdale
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : Case reports have suggested possible effects of lipophilic statins on sleep in some subjects. Most randomized studies evaluating the effect of statins on sleep have had small sample size and short duration (≤ 6 weeks). Whether statins affect sleep on average, favorably or adversely, has been unclear. Goal : To assess the effects of lipophilic and hydrophilic statins on sleep. Subjects : 1016 adult men and women without diabetes or heart disease, with LDL-cholesterol 115–190mg/dL. Design : Randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial of simvastatin 20mg, pravastatin 40mg or placebo for 6 months. Sleep was a prespecified secondary outcome. It was assessed by both an adaptation of the Leeds sleep scale (a visual analog scale of sleep quality); and a rating scale of sleep problems. Both items were measured at baseline and on-treatment. Analysis : Baseline comparability of randomization groups including sleep measures was affirmed. T-test of mean on-treatment sleep scores across randomization groups was performed. This complemented regression analyses, adjusted for baseline values of the respective sleep assessment. Results : Groups were comparable at baseline on variables including both sleep measures. Simvastatin use was associated with significantly worse sleep quality, and significantly greater reported sleep problems than either pravastatin or placebo, by t-test and regression analyses. Pravastatin did not differ significantly from placebo on any sleep outcome. Conclusion : Findings were compatible with the hypothesis that statins may impair sleep in some subjects, and that this impairment may arise selectively with lipophilic statins. Table 1. Effects of Statins on Sleep: Regression Analysis
Polymorphism in high density lipoprotein paraoxonase gene and risk of acute myocardial infarction in men: prospective nested case-control study Commentary: Causality---the Achilles' heel of observational studies Commentary: How high density lipoprotein protects against heart disease
Authors: J. T Salonen, R. Malin, T.-P. Tuomainen, K. Nyyssonen, T. A Lakka, T. Lehtimaki, M. D Flather
Journal: BMJ (1999)

deaths in infancy, and others who provided advice and information to the study.
Abstract 9488: Prognostic Value of Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients With Asymptomatic or Equivocal Symptomatic Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Van D Le, Gunnar V Jensen, Steen Carstensen, Lars Kjoller-Hansen
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: To access the prognostic value of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) in patients with asymptomatic or equivocal symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS/ES-AS). Methods: Patients with AS/ES-AS without left ventricular dysfunction were prospectively grouped according to their CPX outcome: 1) peak oxygen-consumption (pVO 2 ) &gt;83% and peak oxygen-pulse (pO 2 pulse) &gt;95% of that predicted; 2) pVO 2 &lt;83% or pO 2 pulse &lt;95% but CPX pointing to other cause than hemodynamic compromise; 3) pVO 2 &lt;83% and respiratory coefficient &gt;1 or clear exercise-limiting discomfort. At baseline Groups 1 (n=77) and 2 (n=35) were handled conservatively and Group 3 (n=18) referred for aortic valve replacement (AVR). Primary end-point was cardiac death, hospitalization with heart failure or AVR with improvement from just pre-AVR to nine months post-AVR in pVO 2 or Physical Component Score from the SF-36 &gt; the estimated clinical relevant difference (5% and 7.5%, respectively). Results: The mean age, valve area and follow-up was 72.1±6.9 years, 0.45±0.11 cm/m 2 and 24±5 months, respectively; 48% were NYHA class ≥II. The end-point was reached in 25.3%, 26.4% and 62.5% in Group 1, 2 and 3, respectively (Group 3 vs. Group 1+2, p=0.007). One patient (0.7%) suffered cardiac death, eight months after recommendation of AVR, and 7 (6.3%) were hospitalized with heart failure. A pO 2 pulse &lt;100% of that predicted was the single predictor of the end-point, odds-ratio 2.55 (95% CI:1.18;5.54) (Table 1). Conclusions: CPX appears useful to separate those with a high probability of improvement with AVR from those, including patients with decreased pVO 2 , with a low event-rate with a conservative approach.