tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE ADRENOGENITAL SYNDROME
Authors: OSKAR WINTERSTEINER
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The advances made in adrenal and sex endocrinology during the past decade have materially broadened and to some extent rationalized our conceptions about the essential nature of the adrenogenital syndrome. In keeping with the general intent of this series, the endocrinologic and biochemical aspects have been preferentially treated in this article, at the expense of the clinical and pathologic features. A brief description of the latter aspects will suffice as a background for the topics more specifically discussed here.<sup>1</sup> The adrenogenital syndrome in the broadest sense of the term comprises all conditions in which the abnormal changes in the sexual sphere are referable to organic or functional disturbances in the adrenal cortex. It is far more frequently seen in females, in whom the changes consist in the appearance of the male secondary sex characteristics and the repression of female characters and function: adrenal virilism. In general, the earlier in
Development of two different models of hypertensive heart failure in rats — systolic failure and isolated diastolic failure
Authors: R. Doi, T. Masuyama, K. Yamamoto, Y. Doi, T. Mano, K. Ono, S. Hirota, T. Miwa, T. Kuzuya, M. Hori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Only a third of adverts for vocational trainees result in an appointment
Authors: A. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> The lower Dipteran fungus fly, <i>Sciara coprophila</i>, has many unique biological features. For example, <i>Sciara</i> undergoes paternal chromosome elimination and maternal X chromosome nondisjunction during spermatogenesis, paternal X elimination during embryogenesis, intrachromosomal DNA amplification of DNA puff loci during larval development, and germline-limited chromosome elimination from all somatic cells. Paternal chromosome elimination in <i>Sciara</i> was the first observation of imprinting, though the mechanism remains a mystery. Here, we present the first draft genome sequence for <i>Sciara coprophila</i> to take a large step forward in aiding these studies. We approached assembling the <i>Sciara</i> genome using multiple sequencing technologies: PacBio, Oxford Nanopore MinION, and Illumina. To find an optimal assembly using these datasets, we generated 44 Illumina assemblies using 7 short-read assemblers and 50 long-read assemblies of PacBio and MinION sequence data using 6 long-read assemblers. We ranked assemblies using a battery of reference-free metrics, and scaffolded a subset of the highest-ranking assemblies using BioNano Genomics optical maps. RNA-seq datasets from multiple life stages and both sexes facilitated genome annotation. Moreover, we anchored nearly half of the <i>Sciara</i> genome sequence into chromosomes. Finally, we used the signal level of both the PacBio and Oxford Nanopore data to explore the presence or absence of DNA modifications in the <i>Sciara</i> genome since DNA modifications may play a role in imprinting in <i>Sciara</i>, as they do in mammals. These data serve as the foundation for future research by the growing community studying the unique features of this emerging model system.
Cyclosporine-lnduced Acute Renal Failure in the Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: M. PRAGA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1987Cyclosporine-lnduced Acute Renal Failure in the Nephrotic SyndromeM. PRAGA, M.D., R. MARTINEZ, M.D., M. LIZASOAIN, M.D., J. ARENAS, M.D., J. M. MORALES, M.D., B. ORTUÑO, M.D., C. PRIETO, M.D.M. PRAGA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. MARTINEZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. LIZASOAIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. ARENAS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. M. MORALES, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, B. ORTUÑO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, C. PRIETO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-5-786_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In recent years, several cases of the nephrotic syndrome with minimal change disease or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis have been successfully treated with cyclosporine (1). One of the most serious side effects of this drug is nephrotoxicity; although the first descriptions mainly focused on chronic nephropathy, a reversible acute renal effect has been reported (2). However, the frequent presence in transplant recipients of other renal injuries makes recognition of these episodes of acute renal failure difficult.A 40-year-old man received cyclosporine because of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis with nephrotic syndrome resistant to steroid treatment. He had been given furosemide...References1. MEYRIERSIMONPERRETGONDAMIN-MEYRIER APGH. Remission of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome after treatment with cyclosporine A. Br Med J. 1986;292:789-92. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MYERS B. Cyclosporine nephrotoxicity. Kidney Int. 1986;30:964-74. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CURTISLUKEJONESDUBORSKYWHELCHELDIETHELM JRPEJA. Cyclosporine in therapeutic doses increases renal allograft vascular resistance. Lancet. 1986;2:477-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. NEILDROCCHIIMBERTI GGL. Effect of cyclosporine A on prostaglandin synthesis by vascular tissue. Thrombosis Res. 1983;32:373-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital 1° de Octubre Madrid Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCategory III Symptom-Modifying Antirheumatic DrugsThe use of cyclosporin a in adult nephrotic syndrome: Nine cases and literature reviewPEffects of Cyclosporine a on Renal Function and Proteinuria in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome after a Single Oral Administration 1 November 1987Volume 107, Issue 5Page: 786-787KeywordsAcute renal failureAdverse reactionsRenal failure Issue Published: 1 November 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
CONTACT DERMATITIS IV Tulip Fingers, Hyacinth Itch and Lily Rash
Authors: Niels Hjorth, D.S. Wilkinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article CONTACT DERMATITIS IV Tulip Fingers, Hyacinth Itch and Lily Rash Get access Niels Hjorth, Niels Hjorth Finsen Institute, Copenhagen, Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.S. Wilkinson D.S. Wilkinson Amersham, Buckinghamshire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 10, 1 October 1968, Pages 696–698, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb11928.x Published: 01 October 1968
Esophageal Motor Disturbance Induced by Acid Perfusion in Patients with Esophagitis.
Authors: C. I. Siegel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Esophageal Motor Disturbance Induced by Acid Perfusion in Patients with Esophagitis.C. I. Siegel, M.D., T. R. Hendrix, M.D.C. I. Siegel, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, T. R. Hendrix, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-680_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe failure to find endoscopic and histologic evidence of inflammation in all patients with the clinical diagnosis of esophagitis led to an investigation of the esophageal motor function in these patients. Twenty-five patients with the clinical diagnosis of esophagitis were studied by esophagoscopy, esophageal biopsy, and acid perfusion with simultaneous manometric recording from the lower esophagus. This group was compared with a control group of 25 patients who did not have esophageal symptoms. Motor activity was recorded through open-tipped catheters during perfusion for three test periods: first, saline; second, 0.1 normal hydrochloric acid; and third, saline. In all 25 patients... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Md. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 680-681KeywordsBiopsyCathetersEsophagusHydrochloric acidInflammation Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF downloadLoading ...
Therapeutic Experiences with Subacute Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: David Littmann, Royal S. Schaaf
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

SUBACUTE bacterial endocarditis, until recently an almost uniformly fatal disease, now carries a mortality not unlike that of untreated bacterial pneumonia, about 30 per cent. Reports during the past five or six years have stressed the uniformly striking results achieved through the use of antibiotics. One such paper1 emanating from the Massachusetts General Hospital related the experiences at that institution during the three-year period 1944–1946. Forty-four patients were treated, and of these 29 recovered,§ an incidence of 66 per cent. Actually, 6 of the failures should properly have been omitted from the series in that the patients received wholly inadequate . . .
Evolutionary relationships of sibling tapeworm species (Cestoda) parasitizing teleost fishes
Authors: O. Verneau, F. Renaud, F. Catzeflis
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

DNA/DNA hybridization and sequencing of rDNA (partial 18S rDNA and ITS1) were used to investigate phylogenetic relationships among seven host-specific Bothriocephalus parasites (Cestoda, Pseudophyllidae). The small nucleotide divergence between six of the seven bothriocephalids suggests that isolation and differentiation of Bothriocephalus lineages in the different host species probably occurred recently and over a short time span. Comparison of the molecular phylogeny of the parasite species to the phylogeny of their hosts (teleostean fishes) revealed little congruence between the branching patterns of hosts and parasites, suggesting that bothriocephalids have not cospeciated with their hosts.
Arthritis after meningococcal meningitis.
Authors: H E Larson, K G Nicholson, G Loewi, D A Tyrrell, J Posner
Journal: BMJ (1977)

and Seeler and Shwiakil suggest instead that repeated transfusions should be given to allow the distended sinusoids to undergo fibrosis.Nevertheless, in chronic hypersplenism the spleen does not become smaller with transfusion.Gradually increasing splenic size with thrombocytopenia, as observed in our patient, may indicate the need for urgent splenectomy.In such circumstances the risks of a preoperative exchange transfusion, rather than serial transfusions with normal (HbAA) blood, might be justified.Regular checking of the platelet count at clinic visits, particularly in patients with an enlarging spleen, will facilitate the early diagnosis of hypersplenism.
" A Credit to America."
Authors: M. B. Ferguson
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Winnipeg, April 22, 1896. TheJournalis improving every week—a credit to America. Yours faithfully, <h3>Total Extirpation of the Protsate Gland and Rectnm.</h3> —Salischev describes in<i>Wratch</i>No. 2, the removal of the lower third of the rectum and the prostate gland on account of a scirrhous cancer, the fifth operation of the kind on record. The patient made a fine recovery but succumbed four months later to a meningo-myelitis. The necropsy showed that the operation weund had healed completely.—<i>Bulletin Médical</i>, April 5.
Abstract 4504: Retrospective study of clinicopathologic factors associated with <i>ALK</i> rearrangement and survival outcome in Chinese patients with NSCLC
Authors: Xu-chao Zhang, Carolyn A. Blanckmeister, Jinji Yang, Hong-Xia Tian, Jie Chen, Jian-wei Xuan, Zhi Xie, Jian Su, Xin-lan Luo, Hong-hong Yan, Yan-hui Liu, Yi-Long Wu
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: ALK rearrangement and EGFR mutation are significant molecular subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that are targets for different tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). We tested a large cohort of NSCLC patients for ALK, EGFR and KRAS abnormalities and correlated clinical factors with the ALK fusion gene and overall survival (OS). Methods: ALK status was detected by RACE sequencing; EGFR and KRAS status were also detected by direct DNA sequencing. OS was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: 294 consecutive, unselected, banked NSCLC cases were tested; 27 (9.2%), 79 (29.2%) and 26 (9.6%) patients were ALK-, EGFR- and KRAS-positive, respectively. ALK rearrangement and EGFR mutation were largely exclusive (r=−0.15, P=0.007) although two cases were both ALK- and EGFR-positive. In non-parametric tests, ALK-positivity was associated with female gender (χ2=5.189; P=0.023), non/light-smoking (χ2=6.067; P=0.014) and adenocarcinoma (χ2=4.301; P=0.038). The ALK fusion partner was EML4 in all 27 cases; EML4-ALK fusion variants V1, V2 and V3 (V3a/V3b/V3c) made up the majority (24/27) of EML4-ALK fusions. There were no significant OS differences between ALK-positive, EGFR-mutant, KRAS-mutant and triple-negative groups, between ALK-positive and -negative patients, or when ALK-positive cases were matched 1:2 or 1:1 with (non-TKI-treated) controls balancing for disease stage, gender, histology and EGFR/KRAS status. In ALK-positive patients, bivariate analysis found that non- or light-smoking status (P=0.016) and prior surgery (P=0.024) were associated with increased OS and a multivariate Cox regression model found that disease stage and surgical treatment were prognostic for OS. In a multivariate logistic regression model, female gender (HR=2.793; P=0.041), wild type EGFR (HR=15.147; P=0.001), non/light-smoking (HR=3.572; P=0.020) and adenocarcinoma (HR=5.713; P=0.024) were significantly associated with ALK-rearrangement. Conclusion: Overall, the ALK fusion gene occurred in 9.2% of NSCLC patients, and was associated with non/light-smoking history, adenocarcinoma histology and female gender. ALK fusion variants were mostly V1-3, which may inform ALK screening by RT-PCR. ALK rearrangement was not a favorable prognostic factor in NSCLC, although smoking history may influence OS in ALK-positive patients. A TKI (crizotinib) now exists for ALK-positive NSCLC and may improve OS in these patients. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4504. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4504
Secukinumab in Plaque Psoriasis — Results of Two Phase 3 Trials
Authors: Richard G. Langley, Boni E. Elewski, Mark Lebwohl, Kristian Reich, Christopher E.M. Griffiths, Kim Papp, Lluís Puig, Hidemi Nakagawa, Lynda Spelman, Bárður Sigurgeirsson, Enrique Rivas, Tsen-Fang Tsai, Norman Wasel, Stephen Tyring, Thomas Salko, Isabelle Hampele, Marianne Notter, Alexander Karpov, Silvia Helou, Charis Papavassilis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Interleukin-17A is considered to be central to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We evaluated secukinumab, a fully human anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.In two phase 3, double-blind, 52-week trials, ERASURE (Efficacy of Response and Safety of Two Fixed Secukinumab Regimens in Psoriasis) and FIXTURE (Full Year Investigative Examination of Secukinumab vs. Etanercept Using Two Dosing Regimens to Determine Efficacy in Psoriasis), we randomly assigned 738 patients (in the ERASURE study) and 1306 patients (in the FIXTURE study) to subcutaneous secukinumab at a dose of 300 mg or 150 mg (administered once weekly for 5 weeks, then every 4 weeks), placebo, or (in the FIXTURE study only) etanercept at a dose of 50 mg (administered twice weekly for 12 weeks, then once weekly). The objective of each study was to show the superiority of secukinumab over placebo at week 12 with respect to the proportion of patients who had a reduction of 75% or more from baseline in the psoriasis area-and-severity index score (PASI 75) and a score of 0 (clear) or 1 (almost clear) on a 5-point modified investigator's global assessment (coprimary end points).The proportion of patients who met the criterion for PASI 75 at week 12 was higher with each secukinumab dose than with placebo or etanercept: in the ERASURE study, the rates were 81.6% with 300 mg of secukinumab, 71.6% with 150 mg of secukinumab, and 4.5% with placebo; in the FIXTURE study, the rates were 77.1% with 300 mg of secukinumab, 67.0% with 150 mg of secukinumab, 44.0% with etanercept, and 4.9% with placebo (P<0.001 for each secukinumab dose vs. comparators). The proportion of patients with a response of 0 or 1 on the modified investigator's global assessment at week 12 was higher with each secukinumab dose than with placebo or etanercept: in the ERASURE study, the rates were 65.3% with 300 mg of secukinumab, 51.2% with 150 mg of secukinumab, and 2.4% with placebo; in the FIXTURE study, the rates were 62.5% with 300 mg of secukinumab, 51.1% with 150 mg of secukinumab, 27.2% with etanercept, and 2.8% with placebo (P<0.001 for each secukinumab dose vs. comparators). The rates of infection were higher with secukinumab than with placebo in both studies and were similar to those with etanercept.Secukinumab was effective for psoriasis in two randomized trials, validating interleukin-17A as a therapeutic target. (Funded by Novartis Pharmaceuticals; ERASURE and FIXTURE ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01365455 and NCT01358578, respectively.).
Risk factors for thrombosis in lupus patients.
Authors: P Hasselaar, R H Derksen, L Blokzijl, M Hessing, H K Nieuwenhuis, B N Bouma, P G De Groot
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Lupus anticoagulant, concentrations of anticardiolipin antibodies, antithrombin III, plasminogen, (free) protein S, protein C, prothrombin, platelet counts, and bleeding times were determined in 74 lupus patients (58 with systemic lupus erythematosus; 16 with lupus-like disease) to establish the presence of risk factors for thrombosis in these patients. Of the variables evaluated, lupus anticoagulant had the strongest association with a history of thrombosis. Both positive anticardiolipin antibody concentrations and the presence of (mild) thrombocytopenia were significantly associated with a history of thrombosis and the presence of lupus anticoagulant. Reduced concentrations of antithrombin III, plasminogen, (free) protein S, and protein C were found in some patients but were not associated with either thrombosis or lupus anticoagulant. Mean concentrations of total protein S were significantly lower in patients with thrombosis than in those without and in patients with lupus anticoagulant than in those without. The antigenic concentration of prothrombin was reduced in 3/74 (4%) lupus patients. These three patients had lupus anticoagulant but no history of thrombosis, which suggests that a low prothrombin concentration protects patients with lupus anticoagulant from the development of thrombosis. A prolonged bleeding time was associated with the presence of lupus anticoagulant but not with a history of thrombosis. Analysis by stepwise logistic regression did not disclose additional risk factors for thrombosis in lupus patients with lupus anticoagulant. Increased antithrombin III concentrations and decreased free protein S concentrations are often found in lupus patients, unrelated to lupus anticoagulant or thrombosis.
Effect of Torcetrapib on the Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Steven E. Nissen, Jean-Claude Tardif, Stephen J. Nicholls, James H. Revkin, Charles L. Shear, William T. Duggan, Witold Ruzyllo, William B. Bachinsky, Gabriel P. Lasala, E. Murat Tuzcu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are inversely related to cardiovascular risk. Torcetrapib, a cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor, increases HDL cholesterol levels, but the functional effects associated with this mechanism remain uncertain.A total of 1188 patients with coronary disease underwent intravascular ultrasonography. After treatment with atorvastatin to reduce levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol to less than 100 mg per deciliter (2.59 mmol per liter), patients were randomly assigned to receive either atorvastatin monotherapy or atorvastatin plus 60 mg of torcetrapib daily. After 24 months, disease progression was measured by repeated intravascular ultrasonography in 910 patients (77%).After 24 months, as compared with atorvastatin monotherapy, the effect of torcetrapib-atorvastatin therapy was an approximate 61% relative increase in HDL cholesterol and a 20% relative decrease in LDL cholesterol, reaching a ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol of less than 1.0. Torcetrapib was also associated with an increase in systolic blood pressure of 4.6 mm Hg. The percent atheroma volume (the primary efficacy measure) increased by 0.19% in the atorvastatin-only group and by 0.12% in the torcetrapib-atorvastatin group (P=0.72). A secondary measure, the change in normalized atheroma volume, showed a small favorable effect for torcetrapib (P=0.02), but there was no significant difference in the change in atheroma volume for the most diseased vessel segment.The CETP inhibitor torcetrapib was associated with a substantial increase in HDL cholesterol and decrease in LDL cholesterol. It was also associated with an increase in blood pressure, and there was no significant decrease in the progression of coronary atherosclerosis. The lack of efficacy may be related to the mechanism of action of this drug class or to molecule-specific adverse effects. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00134173 [ClinicalTrials.gov].).
Ceritinib in Patients (PTS) with Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK)-Rearranged (ALK+) Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Metastatic to the Brain and/or Leptomeninges: the Phase II Ascend-7 Study
Authors: L.Q. Chow, F. Barlesi, E.M. Bertino, D.-W. Kim, M.J. van den Bent, H. Wakelee, P.Y. Wen, P. Cazorla Arratia, J. Shen, F. Branle
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
False-Positive Radioimmunoassay Pregnancy Test in Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Rolland F. Regester
Journal: JAMA (1981)

THE TECHNIQUE of radioimmunoassay (RIA) is currently the most popular method for measurement of hormone levels in plasma or serum. Radioimmunoassay combines excellent sensitivity with precision and freedom from interference. However, subtle differences in RIA procedures can make a substantial difference in the reliability of this technique on serum or plasma samples from nephrotic patients. We report a case that shows repeated false elevations of β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-HCG) levels during a period of nephrosis.  Report of a Case  A 17-year-old girl was seen because of gross edema of one to two weeks' duration. There was no history of renal disease or a recent known precipitating event. Her last menses had been approximately three months previously, and there had been at least one subsequent exposure to pregnancy. Urine pregnancy tests of unknown type done elsewhere during the previous week were said to be positive.  Examination revealed generalized edema, with a