tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sealing Intratracheal Catheters, and a Listening-tube
Authors: K. B. Pinson
Journal: BMJ (1943)

tion showed a normal pudendum, except that the vagina could not be found.On rectal examination the ovaries could be felt, but the uterus was not palpated.Intravenous pyelography showed that the kidneys were normal in position and function.The patient was extremely anxious for operation and willing to accept its limitations. Report of OperationThe operation was performed in July, 1942.The patient was placed in the lithotomy position and the recto-vesical space dissected up to the peritoneum.A long tissue forceps was put in the cavity and the Trendelenburg position adopted for the second stage of the operation.The abdomen was next opened by a right paramedian incision; the ovaries, tubes,
Nomenclature of chronic hepatitis.
Authors: R G Benians
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Developmental screening of preschool children SIR,-I was intrigued by the article by Dr D J G Bain on "Methods used by general practitioners in developmental screening of preschool children" (6 August, p 363) in its revelation of such free-for-all methodology."Examination forms," "visual charts," "alter- native screening forms"-you think of it, the examining doctors choose it.Why are they
Ultrasonography for diagnosing appendicitis.
Authors: P. N. Wells
Journal: BMJ (1988)

ray film, and if contrast studies are performed the entire gastrointestinal tract must be visualised.3Surgeons in the United Kingdom are treating more penetrating injuries and should be aware that any such injury below the fourth intercostal space or in the upper abdomen has the potential to traverse the diaphragm, through which viscera may herniate at any time.
Lung biopsy in congenital heart disease: a morphometric approach to pulmonary vascular disease.
Authors: M Rabinovitch, S G Haworth, A R Castaneda, A S Nadas, L M Reid
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Fifty patients with congenital heart disease, ages 2 days-30 years (median 12 months) at cardiac surgery, underwent lung biopsy to assess pulmonary vascular disease (PVD). Twenty-six had ventricular septal defects (VSD), 17 d-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA), and seven, defects of the atrioventricular canal (AVC). Quantitative morphologic data was correlated with hemodynamic data. Three new grades of PVD were observed. Abnormal extension of muscle into peripheral arteries (grade A) was found in all patients; all had increased pulmonary blood flow. In addition, 38 of 50 patients had an increase in percentage arterial wall thickness (grade B); this correlated with elevation in pulmonary artery (PA) pressure (r = 0.59). Another 10 of 50 patients had, in addition to A and B, a reduction in the number of small arteries (grade C); nine of 10 were patients with elevated PA resistance greater than 3.5 mu/m2 (P less than 0.005). All three patients with Heath-Edwards changes of grade III or worse also had grade C. Reduction in peripheral arterial number probably precedes obliterative PVD and may identify those patients in whom, despite corrective surgery, PVD will progress.
The Health of the Elderly At Home
Authors: W. Hobson, J. Pemberton
Journal: BMJ (1956)

This paper describes the general results of a survey which was carried out in Sheffield in the years 1949-51.Some of the more detailed results have been published in special journals.The aims of the survey were to investigate and describe the state of health and the diets of elderly people living at home in Sheffield; to examine the relationship between health and such factors as age, sex, marital state, social class, and diet; and to collect information on normal physiological standards in the elderly.In the course of the survey information on social aspects such as income, occupation, and knowledge and use of the social services was collected in addition to the medical and dietary data.There were 476 elderly people in the sample-192 men aged 66 or over and 284 women aged 61 or over.In addition to a full clinical examination carried out in the home, samples of urine and blood were examined and a large proportion of the group also came to hospital for special dental, ophthalmic, and radiological examinations.Similarly, a large proportion agreed to take part in a dietary survey.With the proportion of elderly people in the population increasing, it is becoming a matter of some
Abstract A23: Noxa determines localization and stability of MCL-1 and consequently ABT-737 sensitivity in small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Wataru Nakajima, Mark A. Hicks, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Geoffrey W. Krystal, Hisashi Harada
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for approximately 15% of lung cancers diagnosed in the US and causes a fatality rate of more than 90%. Over the past 25 years, progress has been made in limited stage SCLC, where the combination of concurrent radiation and chemotherapy has resulted in a long term survival rate of 20-25%. However, progress has been slow in extensive SCLC (70% of all cases), with long term survival rates of approximately 3% when treated with a variety of multi-agent chemotherapy regimens. Tumor cell death induced by chemotherapy or lack of appropriate cellular survival signals is mediated by the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. We and others have demonstrated that the anti-apoptotic member BCL-2, as well as BCL-XL and MCL-1, is overexpressed in SCLC. However, until recently, the precise role of these proteins in SCLC biology and therapeutic resistance was poorly understood. The breakthrough came with the development of BH3 mimetic antagonists that block the function of pro-survival BCL-2 family members. ABT-737, the prototype of this new drug class, binds to and blocks BCL-2 and BCL-XL, but not MCL-1 function. Surprisingly, the sensitivity to ABT-737 varies in a broad range in SCLC cells. We have previously shown that the expression of Noxa, a BH3-only pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family protein, is the critical determinant of ABT-737 sensitivity. We show here that Noxa regulates the localization and stability of MCL-1, an anti-apoptotic member, which results in modulating ABT-737 sensitivity. Mutations in Noxa within either the BH3 domain, the carboxyl terminus mitochondrial targeting domain, or of ubiquitinated lysines not only change the localization and stability of Noxa itself, but also affect the mitochondrial localization and phosphorylation/ubiquitination status of MCL-1 and consequently modulate sensitivity to ABT-737. Results of studies utilizing these mutant proteins indicate that Noxa recruits MCL-1 from the cytosol to the mitochondria. Translocation of MCL-1 initiates its phosphorylation and subsequent ubiquitination, which triggers proteasome-mediated degradation. The precise regulatory mechanisms of Noxa/MCL-1 expression and stability could provide alternative targets to modulate apoptosis induced by BH3 mimetic drugs or other chemotherapeutic reagents. Citation Format: Wataru Nakajima, Mark A. Hicks, Nobuyuki Tanaka, Geoffrey W. Krystal, Hisashi Harada. Noxa determines localization and stability of MCL-1 and consequently ABT-737 sensitivity in small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-IASLC Joint Conference on Molecular Origins of Lung Cancer; 2014 Jan 6-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2014;20(2Suppl):Abstract nr A23.
Legal Medicine 1986
Authors: Jerry Zaslow
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<i>Legal Medicine</i>has been published yearly since 1969, always under the editorship of Cyril H. Wecht, MD, JD, a recognized authority in medicolegal affairs. As usual, Dr Wecht has selected a group of topics that he believes will be suited to those interested in legal medicine and a group of authors he knows to have expertise in their fields. The subject matter includes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), the Bhopal tragedy, implantable cardiovascular devices, thermography, interventional radiology, lasers, chronometric causes for obstetric malpractice, surrogate motherhood, deprivation of hospital staff privileges, quality of life in terminally ill patients, and alternative systems for the provision of health care. An unusual chapter is devoted merely to the listing of drug and chemical blood levels. In the absence of any medicolegal discussion, the chapter seems to be hanging, with no direction or purpose other than as a reference. All the other chapters are well
Induction of cyclooxygenase-2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by lysophosphatidylcholine.
Authors: A Zembowicz, S L Jones, K K Wu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), a component of atherogenic lipoproteins and atherosclerotic lesions, has been recently suggested to play a role in atherogenesis. LysoPC is known to induce several endothelial genes involved in leukocyte recruitment, mitogenesis, and inflammation. Cyclooxygenases (prostaglandin H2 synthases) are rate-limiting enzymes involved in the endothelial synthesis of prostacyclin, an antiplatelet, vasorelaxant, and vasoprotective molecule. We investigated the effect of lysoPC on the endothelial expression of cyclooxygenases. Our results demonstrate that, in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, lysoPC induces cyclooxygenase-2 mRNA and protein levels. Increased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 is accompanied by the enhancement of both basal- and calcium ionophore A23187-induced synthesis of prostacyclin. Nuclear runoff experiments demonstrated an increased rate of transcription of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene by lysoPC. In contrast, lysoPC did not affect the expression of constitutive cyclooxygenase-1. Our results suggest that the induction of endothelial cyclooxygenase-2 by lysoPC may be an important vasoprotective mechanism that limits progression of atherosclerotic lesions and promotes their regression.
Platelet-activating factor-like lipids mediate endothelial cell apoptosis induced by hypercholesterolemic low-density lipoprotein
Authors: Jonathan Lu, Gopal K. Marathe, Chao-Yuh Yang, Wei Jiang, Jun-Hai Yang, Henry J. Pownall, Philip D. Henry, Chu-Huang Chen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Abstract 7: PKC-ι promotes glioblastoma cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting BAD through a phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase pathway
Authors: Shraddha Desai, Mildred Acevedo-Duncan
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Robust expression of atypical protein kinase C-iota (PKC-ι) is a hallmark of human glioma, benign and malignant meningiomas [R. Patel, et. al. (2008) Cell Prolif. 41, 122-135]. The phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase pathway is frequently found to be over stimulated due to activating mutations in growth factor receptors or loss of function of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Protein kinase C-ι is often activated by the PI 3-kinase pathway and is an essential downstream targeted mediator. We investigated the role of PKC-ι in two human glial tumor derived cell lines T98G and U87MG. PKC-ι directly phosphorylated and inactivated Bad, a pro-apoptotic BH3-only molecule of the Bcl-2 family at three phospho specific residues, Ser-112, Ser-136 and Ser-155. PKC-ι was also observed to co-localize and directly associate with Bad in the cytoplasm of the cells (as shown by Immunofluorescence, Immunoprecipitation, and Western blotting). Furthermore, purified, active PKC-ι induced direct phosphorylation of Bad at all three serine residues subsequently disrupting Bad/Bcl-XL dimerization. Reduction of PKC-ι upon RNA interference exhibited a corresponding reduction in Bad phosphorylation as did Wortmannin and LY294002, known PI3-Kinase inhibitors. Depletion of PKC-ι by siRNA treatment also induced apoptosis with release of cytochrome C, caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage. These data provide evidence for novel PI3-kinase/PKC-ι/BAD cell survival pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 7. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-7
Mass Voluntary Immunization Campaigns for Meningococcal Disease in Canada: Media Hysteria
Authors: Stephen Eaton Hume
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Angiotensin Amide Skin Test-Reply
Authors: Cooper G. Hazelrig
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Dr. Benjamin Jablons and his associates<sup>1</sup>developed the angiotensin skin test to discriminate between normotensive and hypertensive subjects and reported their methods and results. Using the procedures described by Jablons and associates, we could not confirm this distinction nor could Corcoran and co-workers.<sup>2</sup> The authors wish to thank Dr. Mullane for his interesting comments. However, there is insufficient information given to allow comment on his findings. Our impression of the angiotensin skin test is best expressed by Dr. Mullane's comment, "Since for individual values there is marked overlap between the normal and positive groups, the test is not specific for diagnostic purposes." <h3>LETTER REMINDERS</h3> Contributions to Letters to the Journal are reviewed according to the same standards as other contributions. Manuscripts should be typewritten, double-spaced, and should not exceed 250 words in length. The correspondent should indicate clearly whether the letter is to be considered for publication. Unsigned
Fibroma weighing 320 Grammes Growing from Vaginal Wall
Authors: A. S. Wallace
Journal: BMJ (1945)

MEDICTISHURA 631 whole of the bowel distal to it were full of blood, while the proximal bowel was collapsed and normal in colour.The diverticulum itself did not show any external evidence of inflammation, but there was a well-defined indurated area near the base.The diverticulum was excised and the bowel repaired transversely.The abdomen was closed without drainage.He made an uneventful recovery, and was discharged 20 days after operation.Examination of Specimen.-Onsection the absence of generalized inflammation was confirmed.Near the base was an indurated area half an inch in diameter, in the middle of which was a shallow ulcer a quarter of an inch in diameter, involving the mucosa only.In the centre of the ulcer was the open lumen of a small blood vessel from which blood could be expressed.Microscopical sec- tions taken thirough the middle of the ulcer showed the presence of gastric mucosa with oxyntic cells.I wish to thank Dr. H. H.
THE RELATIONSHIP OF VITAMIN C DEFICIENCY TO DENTAL AND GINGIVAL CONDITIONS IN MENTAL PATIENTS
Authors: HYMAN S. BARAHAL, MAYNARD G. PRIESTMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1942)

1. Quantitative vitamin C studies done on mental patients reveal levels considerably lower than normal. 2. These low levels have been, at least partially, traced to the low vitamin C allowances in most institutional diets but undoubtedly also on the unusual food habits of mental patients, depending on their delusions regarding food. 3. A definite correlation has been found between the frequency of dental and gingival conditions in mental patients and their low ascorbic acid levels. 4. No significant differences were found in the various diagnostic groups, except that the lowest findings were in the alcoholic psychoses. 5. It is recommended that hospital diets be supplemented by an adequate vitamin C supply.
Primary Pulmonary Hypotension, Nifedipine, and Hypoxemia
Authors: RONALD C. KROL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1984Primary Pulmonary Hypotension, Nifedipine, and HypoxemiaRONALD C. KROL, M.D., ARTHUR T. EVANS, M.D., DAVID P. ALBRIGHT, M.D., JEFFREY M. REILLY, A.B.RONALD C. KROL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ARTHUR T. EVANS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID P. ALBRIGHT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JEFFREY M. REILLY, A.B.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-1-163_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Rubin and associates (1) suggest that treatment with nifedipine may be useful in managing patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Nifedipine was found to decrease total pulmonary resistance and increase both cardiac output and stroke volume. A study in animals (2) has suggested that nifedipine decreases the pulmonary pressor response to hypoxia. No data are given by Rubin and associates on the effect of nifedipine on arterial Po2, alveolar-arterial oxygen tension difference (A-aDo2), or calculated shunt fraction (Qs/Qt).We recently used nifedipine, 50 mg sublingual over 1 hour, in a patient with primary pulmonary hypertension and found an...References1. RUBINNICODHILLISFIRTH LPLB. Treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension with nifedipine: a hemodynamic and scintigraphic evaluation. Ann Intern Med. 1983;99:433-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. YOUNGLUNDQUISTCHESLERWEIR TLEE. Comparative effects of nifedipine, verapamil, and diltiazem on experimental pulmonary hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1982;51:195-200. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. PEARLROSENTHALSCHROEDERASHTON RMJJ. Acute hemodynamic effects of nitroglycerin in pulmonary hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1982;99:9-13. LinkGoogle Scholar4. CREVYDANTZKERBOWERPOPATWALKER BDJKS. Hemodynamic and gas exchange effects of intravenous diltiazem in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Am J Cardiol. 1982;49:578-83. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. HERMILLERBAMBACHTHOMPSON JDM. Vasodilators and prostaglandin inhibitors in primary pulmonary hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:480-9. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center Dartmouth Medical School Hanover, NH 03756 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByPulmonale HypertonieMedical treatment of primary pulmonary hypertension: A bridge to transplantation?Primary pulmonary hypertensionProstaglandin E1 as a Screening Vasodilator in Primary Pulmonary HypertensionVasodilator Therapy for Primary Pulmonary Hypertension Limitations and HazardsMILTON PACKER, M. D. 1 January 1984Volume 100, Issue 1Page: 163-163KeywordsCardiac outputHypotensionHypoxiaOxygenPartial pressure of oxygenPulmonary hypertensionStroke Issue Published: 1 January 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Matrix composition, organization and soluble factors: Modulators of microvascular cell differentiation in vitro
Authors: Joseph A. Madri, Martin Marx
Journal: Kidney International (1992)

The microvasculature is comprised of vascular beds which exhibit a wide variety of transport, synthetic and metabolic functions as well as several distinct morphological organizations. The two major cell types that populate the microvasculature are the endothelial cell and the vascular smooth muscle cell (pericyte, mesangial cell). These cells types are known to respond to extracellular matrix components and soluble factors as well as to the direct interactions with neighboring cells during development, in response to injury and while maintaining normal structure/functions. The advent of modern cell isolation, characterization and culture techniques have allowed the use of tissue and organ culture models in the study of vascular cell behavior. This paper will focus on the roles of extracellular matrix in modulating the phenotype of microvascular endothelial cell and mesangial cell populations in culture.
Is Anticancer Drug Development Heading in the Right Direction?
Authors: Trevor W. Hambley
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The success of molecularly targeted agents, such as imatinib, has led to expectations of a new era in anticancer drug development, and to a greatly increased focus on targeting as a strategy. However, the number of successes to date is small, and recent results suggest that the success of imatinib, for instance, in treating chronic myelogenous leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumor may be the exception rather than the rule. Here, we argue that the search for new anticancer agents needs to continue on as many fronts as possible, and not be focused on one strategy alone.
Low frequency of precore hepatitis B virus mutants in anti-hepatitis B e—positive reactivation after loss of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Marie Anne Loriot, Patrick Marcellin, Nathalie Talbodec, Véronique Guigonis, Michèle Gigou, Nathalie Boyer, Annie Bezeaud, Serge Erlinger, Jean Pierre Benhamou
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) precore mutations in patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B with or without previous known HBe antigen (HBeAg) viremic phase, and to assess the potential implication of precore mutants in HBeAg-negative reactivation after loss of HBeAg. Nineteen patients were studied: 7 had a previous HBeAg-positive phase and had spontaneous or therapeutically induced loss of HBeAg (group A); 12 had no previous HBeAg-positive phase (group B). Direct sequencing of PCR products was performed on serum collected during the anti-HBe-positive phase in the two groups. In group A, precore sequencing showed that 5 patients were infected by wild-type virus, 1 patient was infected with a precore mutant, and 1 patient was found to be infected by a mixture of wild-type and precore mutant viruses. In group B, precore sequencing showed that only 1 patient was infected with wild-type virus and that 11 were infected with precore mutants. In a few patients, the presence of HBeAg within immune complexes may explain HBeAg negativity. In conclusion, our results show that, in patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B: (1) precore mutations creating a stop codon are more frequently found in those without known previous HBeAg positivity; (2) after loss of HBeAg, the patients who have anti-HBe-positive reactivation are infected by wild-type virus, which suggests that reactivation is not related to precore mutations; (3) HBeAg negativity may be caused by immune complexes formation.