tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Standards for Medical Expert Testimony
Authors: Michael I. Weintraub
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Imagination as a source of rationality in development
Authors: Henry Markovits
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract Byrne's book makes a strong case for the important role of imagination as a creator of possibilities that are used to understand complex relations, while remaining rational. I suggest that imagination also serves a critical developmental role by creating possibilities that are not rational, and that act to modify the nature of the cognitive processes that are used to define rationality.
Abstract 1821: Marital status and adherence to scheduled free breast cancer screening among uninsured inner city women
Authors: Cherie Spencer, Kimberly Higginbotham, Carla Williams, Kim Miller, Kelda Lea, Kyle B. Anders, Wayne A.I. Frederick, Adeyinka O. Laiyemo
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Mammography screening is associated with reduction in mortality from breast cancer. Women with lower socioeconomic status have increased burden from breast cancer which may be attributable to lower access and uptake of screening. The impact of family support in promoting uptake of breast cancer screening among women with low socioeconomic status is not well understood. Aim: We sought to examine whether marital status influences adherence to scheduled free breast cancer screening with clinical breast examination and mammography among uninsured inner city women. Methods: Howard University Cancer Center offered free breast cancer screening (clinical breast examination and mammogram) for uninsured women who are aged 40 and older in the Washington DC area. Participants were referred from community health organizations’ outreach programs in Maryland, District of Columbia and Maryland. Our analytic cohort comprises patients who were scheduled for free breast cancer screening from July 2009 to June 2010. The participants were categorized as non-adherent (no shows) if they did not cancel their appointments and did not show up for the breast cancer screening. We used Poisson regression models to evaluate the association of race with adherence to the scheduled breast cancer screening and adjusted for potential confounders. We calculated Relative Risks (RR) for no shows and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI). Results: A total of 460 patients were scheduled for screening. The mean age was 49.7 years; 195 (43.4%) were Hispanic and 215 (47.9%) were black. 186 (41.3%) patients were married and 264 (58.7%) were not. Married patients were less likely to be born in the United States (6% vs 21%; P &amp;lt; 0.0001) but were comparable in age with unmarried patients (mean age = 49.4 years vs 50.4 years; P = 0.239). 345 (75%) patients showed up but 115 (25%) were non-adherent for their scheduled appointment. When compared with unmarried patients, married patients were less likely to be non-adherent to their breast cancer screening appointment, adjusted RR = 0.58; 95%CI: 0.40 – 0.84, P value = 0.004. Conclusions: Although a quarter of uninsured women are non-adherent for their free breast cancer screening appointments, married women are less likely to be non-adherent. This suggests that educational outreach programs targeting men may be a potential mechanism to increase uptake of breast cancer screening among underserved women. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1821. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1821
Malignant mesothelioma in women.
Authors: A Dawson, A R Gibbs, F D Pooley, D M Griffiths, J Hoy
Journal: Thorax (1993)

BACKGROUND: Malignant mesothelioma reportedly shows different epidemiology and pathology in females, and a proportion are believed to arise spontaneously. METHODS: One hundred and seventy seven cases of malignant mesothelioma in females were reviewed, examined by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry, assessed for asbestosis and lung fibre burden by transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive x ray analysis, and compared with 31 female controls. RESULTS: Two of one hundred and three cases tested for carcinoembryonic antigen were positive and were excluded from further analysis. Tumour cases showed increased amphibole burdens; in those in whom exposure information was known, 74 (80%) of 93 patients had a history of exposure to asbestos. Seventy two (47%) of 152 patients had lung fibrosis. Tumour site and histological type were little different from those reported in adult males. Mixed type histological pattern, lung fibrosis, and peritoneal site were associated with heavier lung asbestos burdens, but not exclusively. Thirty five (30%) of 117 patients had amphibole burdens of less than 2 x 10(6) fibres/g; the sites affected and the histological pattern of tumours in this group were similar to those in cases with amphibole fibre counts of &gt; or = 2 x 10(6)/g lung. A higher lung amphibole burden than the mean burden in control females was found in 115 (98%) of 117 patients tested. CONCLUSIONS: The pathology of malignant mesothelioma appears to be similar in women and in men, and in cases associated and unassociated with asbestos.
Investigation of the mechanism of alcohol-induced bronchial asthma
Authors: Terufumi Shimoda, Shigeru Kohno, Atsuko Takao, Chizu Fujiwara, Hiroto Matsuse, Hiroyuki Sakai, Takashi Watanabe, Kohei Hara, Sadahiro Asai
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
RR Interval Variability in Irregular Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia and Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Arcadi Garcı́a-Alberola, Sinikka Yli-Mäyry, Michael Block, Wilhelm Haverkamp, Antonio Martı́nez-Rubio, Hans Kottkamp, Günter Breithardt, Martin Borggrefe
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Algorithms to reject irregular tachyarrhythmias are available in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator devices to discriminate ventricular tachycardia (VT) from atrial fibrillation (AF). The hazard of underdetection of irregular monomorphic VTs using these algorithms has not yet been fully evaluated. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of a commonly used stability algorithm to reject AF and to correctly detect VT with a high RR interval variability. Methods and Results The electrophysiological studies from 232 patients with induced monomorphic VT (cycle length &gt;250 ms) and 21 with AF were reviewed. A preliminary analysis was performed to classify the VT episodes in irregular (successive RR differences &gt;20 ms after 4 seconds from onset) or regular (otherwise). Three study groups were defined: group 1 (27 patients with irregular VT), group 2 (22 randomly selected patients with regular VT), and group 3 (21 patients with AF). A computer program analyzed the first 50 RR intervals of the induced VT (AF), resetting a VT counter if the interval was greater than a tachycardia detection interval (TDI) or if its absolute difference with the preceding three beats exceeded a programmed stability value (STAB). The VT was detected when the VT counter reached a preset number of intervals (NIDs). Different combinations of TDI, STAB, and NID were analyzed. All VTs in group 2 were correctly detected. In contrast, up to 10 VTs from group 1 were not detected when high NIDs and low STAB parameters were programmed. With usual values (10 to 16 beats and 50 to 60 ms, respectively), only 1 to 2 VTs remained undetected, but 20% to 50% had a detection delay &gt;8 seconds. Undetected VTs were significantly slower than early detected VTs for most STAB and NID combinations. With usual stability and NID values, 10% to 20% of episodes of AF were inappropriately detected. Changes in TDI had a small impact on sensitivity and specificity when currently used values for stability were programmed. Conclusions An implantable cardioverter-defibrillator tachycardia detection algorithm with a stability criterion of 50 to 60 ms and 12 to 14 RR intervals is able to detect over 90% of monomorphic irregular VTs. Nevertheless, significant VT detection delays may arise, and inappropriate detection of AF cannot be totally prevented.
The Effect of Sodium Monofluorophosphate plus Calcium on Vertebral Fracture Rate in Postmenopausal Women with Moderate Osteoporosis
Authors: Jean Yves Reginster
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Fluoride is effective in increasing trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) in the spine, but its efficacy in reducing vertebral fracture rates and its effect on BMD at cortical sites are controversial. Objective: To study the effect of low-dose fluoride (sodium monofluorophosphate [MFP]) plus a calcium supplement over 4 years on vertebral fractures and BMD at the lumbar spine and total hip in postmenopausal women with moderately low BMD of the spine. Design: Randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Setting: Outpatient clinic for osteoporosis at a university medical center. Patients: 200 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis (according to the World Health Organization definition) and a T-score less than −2.5 for BMD of the spine. Intervention: Women were randomly assigned [100 patients per group] to continuous daily treatment for 4 years with 1) oral MFP (20 mg of equivalent fluoride) plus 1000 mg of calcium [as calcium carbonate] or 2) calcium only. Measurements: Lateral spine radiographs were taken at enrollment and at each year of follow-up for detection of new vertebral fractures (defined as a reduction ≥ 20% and ≥ 4 mm from baseline in any of the heights of a vertebral body). Nonvertebral fractures were also recorded. All analyses were done with the intention-to-treat approach. Results: Radiologic follow-up was possible for 164 of 200 patients (82%). The rate of new vertebral fractures during the 4 years of the study was lower in the MFP-plus-calcium group (2 of 84 patients; 2.4% [95% CI, 0.3% to 8.3%]) than in the calcium-only group (8 of 80 patients; 10% [CI, 4.4% to 18.8%]). The difference between the groups was 7.6 percentage points (CI, 0.3 to 15 percentage points) (P = 0.05). A moderate but progressive increase in BMD of the spine (10.0% ± 1.5% at 4 years) was found for MFP plus calcium compared with calcium only (P < 0.001), whereas the more modest increase in BMD of the total hip seen with MFP plus calcium (1.8% ± 0.6%) did not differ from the increase seen with calcium only. Conclusions: Low-dose fluoride (20 mg/d) given continuously with calcium for prolonged periods can decrease vertebral fracture rates compared with calcium alone in patients with mild to moderate osteoporosis.
Correlation of functional and structural alterations of the coronary arterioles during development of type II diabetes mellitus in rats
Authors: Y YU, K OHMORI, I KONDO, L YAO, T NOMA, T TSUJI, K MIZUSHIGE, M KOHNO
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Cardiac complications in diabetes mellitus (DM) are frequently ascribed to microangiopathy. Therefore, we sought to directly correlate the serial changes in coronary arterial function with the extent of coronary arteriolar remodeling in a model spontaneously developing type II DM.Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats and control Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO) rats were used. At 5, 15 and 30 weeks of age, ten rats in each group were subjected to systemic and coronary hemodynamic measurements using the colored microsphere technique before and during maximal coronary hyperemia and histological assessment with Azan-Mallory stain of the coronary arterioles.As early as 15 weeks of age, at which time fasting plasma glucose concentration remained normal, OLETF rats exhibited a lower coronary flow reserve and a greater coronary vascular resistance during hyperemia than did LETO rats. On histomorphometry, OLETF rats exhibited a greater wall-to-lumen ratio and a greater degree of perivascular fibrosis of arterioles at 15 weeks of age and thereafter, both of which exhibited a significant correlation with the minimal coronary vascular resistance.The degree of functional deterioration in coronary circulation was directly correlated with the severity of coronary arteriolar structural remodeling during the development of microangiopathy in early stage of DM.
Effect of high throughput <i>RHD</i> typing of fetal DNA in maternal plasma on use of anti-RhD immunoglobulin in RhD negative pregnant women: prospective feasibility study
Authors: Kirstin Finning, Pete Martin, Joanna Summers, Edwin Massey, Geoff Poole, Geoff Daniels
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objectives</b> To assess the feasibility of applying a high throughput method, with an automated robotic technique, for predicting fetal RhD phenotype from fetal DNA in the plasma of RhD negative pregnant women to avoid unnecessary treatment with anti-RhD immunoglobulin. <b>Design</b> Prospective comparison of fetal <i>RHD</i> genotype determined from fetal DNA in maternal plasma with the serologically determined fetal RhD phenotype from cord blood. <b>Setting</b> Antenatal clinics and antenatal testing laboratories in the Midlands and north of England and an international blood group reference laboratory. <b>Participants</b> Pregnant women of known gestation identified as RhD negative by an antenatal testing laboratory. Samples from 1997 women were taken at or before the 28 week antenatal visit. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Detection rate of fetal RhD from maternal plasma, error rate, false positive rate, and the odds of being affected given a positive result. <b>Results</b> Serologically determined RhD phenotypes were obtained from 1869 cord blood samples. In 95.7% (n=1788) the correct fetal RhD phenotype was predicted by the genotyping tests. In 3.4% (n=64) results were either unobtainable or inconclusive. A false positive result was obtained in 0.8% (14 samples), probably because of unexpressed or weakly expressed fetal <i>RHD</i> genes. In only three samples (0.2%) were false negative results obtained. If these results had been applied as a guide to treatment, only 2% of the women would have received anti-RhD unnecessarily, compared with 38% without the genotyping. <b>Conclusions</b> High throughput <i>RHD</i> genotyping of fetuses in all RhD negative women is feasible and would substantially reduce unnecessary administration of anti-RhD immunoglobulin to RhD negative pregnant women with an RhD negative fetus.
Effect of neuropeptides on cytokine production in peripheral T lymphocytes in patients with atopic dermatitis in the active versus inactive phase
Authors: C. Antúnez, C. Mayorga, J.L. Corzo, A. Vera, M. Blanca, L.F. Santamaría-Babi, A. Jurado, M.J. Torres
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Different Tumor Biology in Russian and Dutch Patients with Breast Cancer Stage I
Authors: I.V. Kolyadina, P.J.K. Kuppen, C.J.H. van de Velde, I.V. Poddubnaya, N.G. Dekker-Ensink, A. Sajet, E. Bastiaannet, B.E.M. Prinse, C.C. Engels, D.V. Komov
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Intoxication of a Prison Inmate with an Ethyl Alcohol–Based Hand Sanitizer
Authors: Suzanne Doyon, Christopher Welsh
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

To the Editor: The Maryland Poison Center was called about a 49-year-old, usually calm prison inmate who was described as being “red-eyed,” “loony,” “combative,” and “intoxicated, lecturing everyone about life.” Other inmates and staff reported seeing this prisoner drinking from a gallon container of Purell hand sanitizer over the course of the evening. It was discovered that this sanitizer contains 62% ethanol by weight (more than 70% alcohol by volume). The inmate's blood alcohol level was found to be 335 mg per deciliter. It was later confirmed that he had not consumed any other forms of ethanol or other illicit . . .
PATHOMECHANISM AND CLINICAL SIGNS OF MOULD SENSITIZATION IN THE ASTHMOID BRONCHITIS SYNDROME OF YOUNG CHILDREN
Authors: P. OSVÁTH, G. TÓTH, A. DOBOZY, C. DOBOZY, E. TIMÁR, L. PÁLDY, K. FÜZESSY, L. ENDRE
Journal: Allergy (1974)
General Considerations in the Management of Benign Strictures of the Bile Duct
Authors: Richard B. Cattell, John W. Braasch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

OF all the complications of abdominal surgery, benign stricture of the bile duct is one of the most devastating. The gravity of this condition is emphasized by the hazard to life from biliary stricture, by the difficulty of surgical repair and by the tendency to recurrence. On the basis of Dr. Lahey's interest in biliary stricture, we have had a wide experience with the treatment of this condition since the first stricture was repaired at this clinic in 1919. Up to May, 1958, 690 patients with benign biliary stricture have been seen here and treated with 1006 operative procedures ( . . .
Hemolysis from Hot Dialysate
Authors: B. HECHT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Comments1 December 1975Hemolysis from Hot DialysateB. HECHT, M.D., P. BERKMAN, M.D., M. E. RISCH, R.N.B. HECHT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, P. BERKMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. E. RISCH, R.N.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-6-902_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We read the paper by Berkes and associates (Ann Intern Med 83:363-364, 1975) with considerable interest and would like to describe the case of a patient who had a similar problem in our hemodialysis unit recently.A 43-year-old black man had been on hemodialysis for 2 years after developing malignant hypertension. His blood pressure had been well controlled during this period. One hour into a routine hemodialysis, the patient complained of feeling warm. This sensation became worse over a period of 10 minutes, at which time the air conditioner in the room was adjusted. Five minutes later... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: B. HECHT, M.D.; P. BERKMAN, M.D.; M. E. RISCH, R.N.Affiliations: Renal Division Department of Medicine Washington Hospital Center Washington, D.C. 20010 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHemodialysis machines and monitorsCompounds of Thorium and BoronFormaldehyde-Induced Hemolysis during Chronic Hemodialysis 1 December 1975Volume 83, Issue 6Page: 902-903KeywordsBlood pressureEmotionsHypertension ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
CHORDAL RUPTURE CORRELATES WITH ELASTIC FIBRIL FRAGMENTATION AND DISORGANIZATION OF THE POSTERIOR LEAFLET IN MYXOMATOUS MITRAL VALVE PROLAPSE: IMPLICATIONS FOR LEAFLET STABILITY AND DISEASE PROGRESSION
Authors: Purushothaman K-Raman, Meerarani Purushothaman, David Adams, Federico Milla, Patrick A. Lento, William N. O&apos;Connor, Samin Sharma, Valentin Fuster, Pedro Moreno
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Criteria for the health evaluation of polymeric materials building.
Authors: A I Zaichenko, E N Shakleina
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Various polymer-based synthetic materials have become increasingly ubiquitous in manufactured materials in the U.S.S.R. These release various chemical compounds to the ambient air. The maximum permissible concentrations that have been established for various hazardous chemicals in ambient air must be adjusted to account for the conditions of apartment life. Studies have been conducted to determine exactly what compounds are released and at what rate. Toxicological studies and studies of various physical and chemical properties are required to determine the health effects of these chemicals at concentrations at which they are expected to occur in apartments. More research has to be carried out in this field to further expand our knowledge, and we must beware of any introduction of new polymeric materials without first studying their contribution to possible detrimental health effects.
Observations on " Koch's Lymph."
Authors: Joseph Jones
Journal: JAMA (1891)

156 Washington ave., cor. Camp st. New Orleans, La., April 28, 1891. His ExcellencyBenjamin Harrison, President United States of America, Washington, D. C. <h3>Sir:</h3> —I have the honor to acknowledge the following: "Executive Mansion,Washington, D. C., January 19, 1891. ProfessorJoseph Jones, Charity Hospital, New Orleans, La. <h3>My Dear Sir:</h3> —At the President's direction I beg to send you by express, to-day, one vial of Koch's lymph for such use as you may deem wise to make of it. It was forwarded to the President by the American Minister in Germany. Very truly yours, E. W.Halford, Private Secretary." I beg leave respectfully to submit to your Excellency the following brief report on this vial of Koch's lymph. The small vial of Koch's lymph containing about five grams (about seventy-six drops) of a dark brownish red liquid, accompanied by directions for its use, signed by Dr. A. Libbertz,
602 PNPLA3 RS734809 C/G POLYMORPHISM IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS: RELATIONSHIP WITH THE ETIOLOGY OF LIVER DISEASE AND HCC OCCURRENCE
Authors: E. Fornasiere, S. Cmet, A. Cussigh, D. Bitetto, E. Furnolo, S. Bignulin, E. Fontanini, E. Bignulin, E. Falleti, C. Fabris, M. Pirisi, P. Toniutto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
CMC-544 (inotuzumab ozogamicin), an anti-CD22 immuno-conjugate of calicheamicin, alters the levels of target molecules of malignant B-cells
Authors: A Takeshita, N Yamakage, K Shinjo, T Ono, I Hirano, S Nakamura, K Shigeno, T Tobita, M Maekawa, H Kiyoi, T Naoe, K Ohnishi, Y Sugimoto, R Ohno
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
Diagnosis and treatment of Friedreich ataxia: a European perspective
Authors: Jörg B. Schulz, Sylvia Boesch, Katrin Bürk, Alexandra Dürr, Paola Giunti, Caterina Mariotti, Francoise Pousset, Ludger Schöls, Pierre Vankan, Massimo Pandolfo
Journal: Nature Reviews Neurology (2009)
Quality of Primary Care in England with the Introduction of Pay for Performance
Authors: Stephen Campbell, David Reeves, Evangelos Kontopantelis, Elizabeth Middleton, Bonnie Sibbald, Martin Roland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

In 2004, the United Kingdom invested $3.2 billion in a new program to reward general practitioners for the delivery of high-quality care. The authors examine longitudinal data on quality and report that the incentive program may have prompted a modest improvement in the quality of care for two of the three chronic conditions they studied.