tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
New Targets identified for therapeutic intervention in the reversal of rituximab and drug resistant AIDS-B-NHL.
Authors: Mario I. Vega, Ali R. Jazirehi, Benjamin Bonavida
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

5424  Rituximab has been used in the treatment of B Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL) with significant clinical responses. However, a subset of patients fails to respond to treatment with rituximab used alone or in combination with chemotherapy. The mechanism by which B-NHL patients resist treatment is not known. We have reported that treatment of the AIDS B-NHL cell line 2F7 with rituximab resulted in significant inhibition of the p38 MAPK pathway and inhibition of Bcl-2 expression concomitantly with chemoresistance. The pivotal role of Bcl-2 in chemoresistance was demonstrated by various methods as inhibition of Bcl-2 expression or activity sensitized the tumor cells to drug-induced apoptosis (Oncogene, 23(20):3530-40, 2005). In order to examine the mechanism of NHL resistance to rituximab, we have developed in the laboratory rituximab-resistant clones of 2F7 (2F7RR) and have compared their response with the wild type to rituximab treatment alone and with the combination of chemotherapeutic drugs. Unlike the wild type 2F7, rituximab treatment failed to sensitize 2F7 RR1 to drug-induced apoptosis, failed to modulate the p38MAPK/NF-κB/YY1/STAT3 signaling pathways, did not inhibit Bcl-2 expression, and failed to chemosensitize the tumor cells. We examined the effect of various chemical inhibitors of this signaling pathway on chemosensitization. We demonstrate that treatment with the proteasome inhibitor Bortezomib or the NF-kB inhibitor DHMEQ significantly sensitized 2F7-RR1 cells to drug (CDDP, vincristine, adriamycin, VP16, taxol)-induced apoptosis. These inhibitors also resulted in the inhibition of NF-kB, YY1 and downregulated Bcl-2 expression. These findings demonstrate that rituximab and drug-resistant clone 2F7-RR1 can be sensitized to reverse chemoresistance. The findings also identify intracellular targets whose modification can reverse resistance. Such targets include the p38 MAPK pathway, the transcription factors NF-kB, YY1, or STAT3 and also inhibitors of Bcl-2 expression and/or activity. These findings also suggest that combination treatment of currently used drugs such as Bortezomib and chemotherapeutic drugs have a potential for the treatment of rituximab and drug-resistant AIDS-B-NHL. This study was supported in part by a philanthropic contribution from the JCCC/Rosenfield Fund under the direction of David Leveton.
Effect of Screening Mammography on Cancer Incidence and Mortality
Authors: Joann G. Elmore, Ruth Etzioni
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Abstract 15368: Zebularine Enhances Cardiomyogenic Differentiation Potential of both Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Mature Fibroblasts
Authors: Nadia Naeem, Aneesa Gul, Anwar Ali, Irfan Khan, Asmat Salim
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Epigenetic reprogramming ability of demethylating agents during stem cell differentiation has gained enormous interest in the field of regenerative medicine. One of the DNA demethylating agents, zebularine is generally considered a useful promoter of cardiomyogenic differentiation in various stem cell types in vitro. As current therapeutic approaches are limited in preventing ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction (MI), novel therapeutic approach of transplantation of exogenously differentiated cardiomyocytes could be a better option. We earlier reported the in vitro differentiation potential of zebularine treated rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into cardiac-like cells. In the present study, we investigated whether mature fibroblasts can be differentiated into cardiomyocytes after zebularine treatment. Further, cardiac regeneration and function assessment were performed for both MSCs and fibroblasts. Rat bone marrow MSCs and rat skin fibroblast cell line (CRL1213) were subjec...
Smoking and death
Authors: G. D. Smith, S. Strobele, M. Egger
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Smoking and deathPublic health measures were taken more than 40 years ago EDrroR,-Richard Peto discusses the failure of public health with regard to smoking over the past 40 years,' but his account could have extended back further.He considers that the Medical Research Council was, in 1957, "the first national institution in the world to accept formally the evidence that tobacco is a major cause of death."The formal recognition of this fact, however, was explicitly made by many important national insti- tutions in Nazi Germany.The Public Health Office and the German Medical Association, both under the leadership of Dr Gerhard Wagner, repeatedly issued precise pronouncements regarding the dire health consequences of smoking.
Respiratory muscle strength in individuals with obesity before and after gastric bypass surgery: A 3 year follow-up study
Authors: Filipe Athayde, Karoline Moraes, Clarissa Matos, Barbosa Mariana, Raquel Britto, Veronica Parreira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Relevance: Literature linking body weight loss and maximum respiratory pressures is not consensual.

Purpose: To evaluate the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and the maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) in patients with obesity, before and after gastric bypass surgery, and to compare them to a control group.

Methods: 30 participants with obesity (24F/6M) aged 32±9 yrs and with body mass index (BMI) of 43±4 kg/m2, were evaluated before and one, six and around 36 months after surgery. 30 participants matched by age (31±8 yrs) and sex with normal lung function and BMI of 22±2 kg/m2 were assessed. An analogic manovacuometer was used to measure MIP and MEP. Student's t-test and ANOVA for repeated measures were used for stastical analysis (p < 0.05). This study was approved by the Ethics Committee.

Results: Table 1 summarizes the results.

View this table:

Table 1. MIP and MEP in patients with obesity before and after surgery and a control group





There were no significant differences at baseline between the two groups. MIP increased significantly approximately 36 months after surgery. MEP decreased after one month and increased significantly after 36 months compared with one and six months after surgery.

Conclusion: The results demonstrate a positive influence of gastric bypass surgery on respiratory muscle strength.
729. Receptor Trafficking Affects the Efficiency of Retrovirus Transduction
Authors: Delfi Krishna, Joseph M. Le Doux
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

We have constructed a model system to study the role of receptor trafficking on the efficiency of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. We constructed a panel of HeLa cell lines to stably express one of three interleuken 2 receptor alpha chain (TAC) chimeras (TAC, TAC-CD16, TAC-DKQTLL), each of which is internalized via a distinct intracellular trafficking pathway. Targeted retroviruses to bind these receptors were also constructed by fusing a single-chain antibody variable fragment against TAC (ScFv anti-TAC) to the N-terminus of the murine leukemia virus (MLV) amphotropic and ecotropic envelope proteins. We found that retroviruses pseudotyped with the ScFv anti-TAC amphotropic fusion protein, but not those pseudotyped with the ecotropic fusion protein, were able to transduce HeLa cells that expressed the chimeric TAC receptors. Gene transfer was significantly less efficient in HeLa cells that expressed TAC-DKQTLL, a receptor that is rapidly internalized and transported to the lysosomes, than in HeLa cells that expressed TAC, TAC-CD16, or in the parent cell line that did not express any of the chimeric TAC receptors. Gene transfer was most efficient to HeLa cells that expressed TAC, a receptor with a long residence time on the cell surface (half-life > 40 hours). Our findings suggest that the efficiency of retrovirus transduction is a function of the intracellular trafficking itinerary of cell-surface retrovirus-binding proteins. The implications of our findings to the development of improved gene transfer technologies for the purposes of human gene therapy will be discussed.
Managing chronic diseases: Kids' stuff
Authors: Andrew Moscrop
Journal: BMJ (2001)

When children are considered in the context of chronic diseases, it is often with a view to preventing the problems of adult onset cancer and heart disease. In Britain, the Department of Health has initiated a National School Fruit Scheme for children to “protect them against chronic diseases in later life.” At the website (www.doh.gov.uk/schoolfruitscheme/), statistics show that eating green stuff remains among the least favourite …
The Saline Wheal Test as a Measure of The Blood Supply in Arterial Disturbances of the Extremities
Authors: Walter G. Stern
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 November 1927The Saline Wheal Test as a Measure of The Blood Supply in Arterial Disturbances of the ExtremitiesWALTER G. STERN, M.D.WALTER G. STERN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-5-297 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is not my intention of entering into any polemic debate or theoretic discussion as to the nature of the diseases I intend to discuss or the physiology of the tests I am about to recommend as reliable guides to the sufficiency of the circulation.The commonest symptom an orthopaedist has to deal with is pain in the toes, feet, ankles, calves and knees. After ruling out the evident cases of flat foot and other gross deformities, foot strain, bone, joint and nerve diseases, there remains, at least in our experience, a large number of cases whose only objective signs... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland.Mt. Sinai and St. John's Hospitals Cleveland*Presented before the American College of Physicians, at Mt. Sinai Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, February 22, 1927. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1927Volume 1, Issue 5Page: 297-301KeywordsAnklesBoneHematologic testsKneesNerves ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract MP80: Psychosocial Factors and Risk of Incident Heart Failure: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Rachel P Ogilvie, Susan Everson-Rose, Carlos Rodriguez, W.T. Longstreth, Michelle Albert, Ana Diez-Roux, Pamela L Lutsey
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Heart failure is a major source of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Psychosocial factors have frequently been studied as risk factors for coronary heart disease, but not for heart failure. Methods: We examined the relationship between psychological status and incident heart failure among 6,782 individuals from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline. Anger, anxiety, chronic burden, depression, and hostility were measured using validated scales and were modeled categorically. Physician reviewers adjudicated incident heart failure events. Cox proportional hazards models were used to generate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) and adjusted for relevant demographic, behavioral, and physiological covariates. In exploratory analyses, we evaluated interactions between self-rated health and each psychosocial factor, and then stratified by baseline self-rated health (fair/poor and good/very good/excellent). Results: During a mean follow up of 9.3 years, 242 participants developed incident heart failure. Compared to participants in the lowest level, hazard ratios for those categorized in the highest level of anger [HR=1.14 (95%CI: 0.81-1.60)], anxiety [HR=0.74 (95%CI: 0.51-1.07), chronic burden [HR=1.25 (95%CI: 0.90-1.72), depression [HR=1.19 (95%CI: 0.76-1.85), and hostility [HR=0.95 (95%CI: 0.62-1.42) revealed no association with incident heart failure. In the exploratory analysis, interactions between the psychosocial factors and self-rated health were only statistically significant for hostility, but stratified models differed according to baseline health status. Compared to the lowest level, hazard ratios for those categorized in the highest level of anxiety [HR=2.11 (95%CI: 1.00-4.47)], chronic burden [HR=2.25 (95%CI: 1.08-4.67)], and depression [HR=2.15 (95%CI: 0.98-4.68)] revealed a positive association with incident heart failure among participants self-rated poor health at baseline, but there was no association for those with good self-rated health at baseline. For hostility, HRs for the highest versus lowest categorization were larger among those with good self-rated health and for anger, associations were similar regardless of self-rated health status. Conclusions: Overall these five psychosocial factors were not significantly associated with incident heart failure. However, for participants reporting poor health at baseline, anxiety, chronic burden, and depression were associated with an increased risk of heart failure. Future research with greater statistical power is necessary to confirm these findings and seek explanations.
Surveillance of respiratory pathogens and influenza-like illnesses in general practices - The Netherlands, winter 1997-98
Authors: M. L.A. Heijnen, J W Dorigo-Zetsma, A I M Bartelds, B Wilbrink, M. J.W Sprenger
Journal: Eurosurveillance (1999)

The Netherlands Institute of Primary Health Care (NIVEL) has coordinated the activities of a sentinel surveillance network of 43 general practices since 1970. These practices care for 1% of the Dutch population, a sample representative of the national pop
Genome-wide maps of recombination and chromosome segregation in human oocytes and embryos show selection for maternal recombination rates
Authors: Christian S Ottolini, Louise J Newnham, Antonio Capalbo, Senthilkumar A Natesan, Hrishikesh A Joshi, Danilo Cimadomo, Darren K Griffin, Karen Sage, Michael C Summers, Alan R Thornhill, Elizabeth Housworth, Alex D Herbert, Laura Rienzi, Filippo M Ubaldi, Alan H Handyside, Eva R Hoffmann
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Abstract 1577: Atrial Fibrillation Patients Predominantly Present Ischemic Stroke With Seasonal Incidence Variation Compared to Non-Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Population-based Cohort Study in Taiwan
Authors: Po-Yen Ko, Kuan-Cheng Chang, Chiung-Ray Lu, Chen-Chia Yang, Fung-Chang Sung, Yuan-Teh Lee
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an important risk factor for stroke. Patients with AF need anti-platelet or anti-thrombotic agents for primary or secondary prevention of stroke. We investigated the incidence of first stroke, the stroke subtype and seasonal variations among AF patients who underwent optimal medical care.  Methods and results: A cohort of 908,647 covered by a universal insurance program in Taiwan, with 2,347 (0.26%) AF patients, identified in 2002–2004 were followed up until 2007 and incidences of stroke were analyzed based on the AF status. Compared with the population without AF, the relative risk of stroke among AF patients was 14.1 times greater (79.4 vs. 5.65 per 1000 person-years) and the incidence of AF-related stroke was higher in cold months than in hot months. The incidence of stroke among AF patients aged > or =65 years was much higher than that among those aged 30 –39 years (101.9 vs. 32.6 per 1000 person-years). Despite a total of 1,596 (68%) AF patients had been treated with either anti-platelet (aspirin, clopidogrel) or anti-thrombotic agents (warfarin), first stroke occurred in 703 (30%) AF patients with a mean follow-up period of 4.1±0.9 years, compared to 30,235 (3.3%) in non-AF patients (P  Conclusions: AF-inducing stroke remains a major healthcare challenge, despite increasingly use of anti-platelet or anti-thrombotic therapy in Chinese population in Taiwan. Most of the AF-related strokes are non-hemorrhagic type mechanistically consisting with thromboembolic origin.
The deacetylase Sirt1 is an essential regulator of Aire-mediated induction of central immunological tolerance
Authors: Anna Chuprin, Ayelet Avin, Yael Goldfarb, Yonatan Herzig, Ben Levi, Adi Jacob, Asaf Sela, Shir Katz, Moran Grossman, Clotilde Guyon, Moran Rathaus, Haim Y Cohen, Irit Sagi, Matthieu Giraud, Michael W McBurney, Eystein S Husebye, Jakub Abramson
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
The use of a genetic amplification technique (LCx MTB) to diagnose extrapulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Alvaro Torres-Lana, María Lecuona-Fernández, María del Carmen Hernández-Gracia, Isabel Montesinos-Hernández, Consuelo Revert Girones, María Candelaria García-Castro, Antonio Sierra-López
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1999)
Proteomic Profiling and Intra-amniotic Infection
Authors: Irina A Buhimschi, Catalin S Buhimschi, Rob Christner, Errol Norwitz, Carl P Weiner
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ALOX5 promoter genotype, asthma severity and LTC<sub>4</sub> production by eosinophils
Authors: O. Kalayci, E. Birben, C. Sackesen, O. Keskin, F. Tahan, M. E. Wechsler, E. Civelek, O. U. Soyer, G. Adalioglu, A. Tuncer, E. Israel, C. Lilly
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: The number of Sp1–Egr1 binding tandem repeats at the ALOX5 promoter influences gene transcription and may modify the response to anti‐leukotriene treatment. The relationship of ALOX5 variants to asthma severity and leukotriene production by eosinophils is unknown. Objective: To characterize ALOX5 mRNA expression and cysteinyl‐leukotriene production by eosinophils from individuals bearing ALOX5 promoter deletional variants and their association with the severity of childhood asthma. Methods: Eosinophils from adult asthmatics bearing only variant alleles (with other than five tandem repeats on both chromosomes, non5/non5) or no variant alleles (5/5) were cultured in vitro and ALOX5 expression and leukotriene secretion were measured. A total of 621 children with mild or moderate‐severe asthma were genotyped at the ALOX5 core promoter. Results: Asthmatics with non5/non5 genotype expressed less ALOX5 mRNA and produced less LTC4 into culture supernatants than 5/5 individuals (6.4 ± 2.0 and 20.0 ± 5.0 pg/ml, n = 5; P &lt; 0.05). More asthmatic children bearing non5/non5 genotype had moderate‐severe asthma than children with the 5/5 genotype (5.3% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.008). Multivariate logistic regression identified ALOX5 promoter genotype as a significant predictor of disease severity (OR = 3.647, 95% CI: 1.146–11.608, P = 0.03). Consistent with these findings, children bearing the non5/non5 genotype had greater bronchomotor response to exercise as measured by the maximum fall after exercise and the area under the exercise curve ( P &lt; 0.05 for both). Conclusion: Our results suggest that children who express the asthma phenotype despite having a genetic variant that impairs their ability to express ALOX5 have more severe disease and thus are more likely to have asthma symptoms.
Use and Timing of Radiotherapy in High-Risk Prostate Cancer
Authors: John F Ward, Michael L Blute
Journal: JAMA (2004)

1. Jaarsma T, Halfens R, Huijer Abu-Saad H, et al. Effects of education and support on self-care and resource utilization in patients with heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1999;20:673-682. 2. Stewart S, Pearson S, Horowitz JD. Effects of a home-based intervention among patients with congestive heart failure discharged from acute hospital care. Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:1067-1072. 3. Stewart S, Marley JE, Horowitz JD. Effects of a multidisciplinary, home-based intervention on planned readmissions and survival among patients with chronic congestive heart failure: a randomised controlled study. Lancet. 1999;354:10771083. 4. Krumholz HM, Amatruda J, Smith GL, et al. Randomized trial of an education and support intervention to prevent readmission of patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:83-89. 5. Naylor M, Brooten D, Jones R, Lavizzo-Mourey R, Mezey M, Pauly M. Comprehensive discharge planning for the hospitalized elderly: a randomized clinical trial. Ann Intern Med. 1994;120:999-1006. 6. Naylor MD, Brooten D, Campbell R, et al. Comprehensive discharge planning and home follow-up of hospitalized elders: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1999;281:613-620. 7. Blue L, Lang E, McMurray JJ, et al. Randomized controlled trial of specialist nurse intervention in heart failure. BMJ. 2001;323:715-718.
Abstract 14949: Mechanisms for Human Atrial Fibrillation Initiation: Clinical and Computational Studies Implicating Repolarization Restitution
Authors: David E Krummen, Jason D Bayer, Jeffrey Ho, Gordon Ho, Miriam R Mollerus, Natalia A Trayanova, Sanjiv M Narayan
Journal: Circulation (2011)

David E Krummen, 2011 Finalist and Presenting Author