tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1563: Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Expression and CD34 Progenitor Cell Co-localization in Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Maria Nataatmadja, Jennifer West, Malcolm West
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Altered expression of angiotensin II type-1 and type-2 receptors (AT1, AT2) has been implicated in the development of aortic aneurysm. We used immunohistochemistry to examine the expression of AT1 and AT2 in thoracic and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Thoracic and abdominal aortic tissue samples were collected from organ donor subjects (normal controls; 4M, 9F; age 40±12yr, mean ± SD), and subjects with Marfan syndrome (MFS; 6M, 3F; 42±24yr), bicuspid aortic valve (BAV; 10M, 4F; 62±17yr) or abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA; 8M, 2F; 72±10). In each type of aneurysm there was mild expression of AT1 and moderate expression of AT2 associated with intimal thickening and the tunica adventitia compared to mild expression of AT1 and negligible expression of AT2 in control aorta. In aneurysm tissue AT1 and AT2 expression, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 expression and progenitor cell (CD34+) localization were also present in areas of tissue remodeling associated with focal medial degeneration, angiogenesis and areas of inflammation. In cell culture experiments aortic fibroblasts (AF) derived from adventitial aneurysm tissue showed moderate expression of AT1 and strong expression of AT2 while control AF showed mild expression of AT1 and negligible expression of AT2. Negligible to mild expression of active TGF-beta1 was observed in all cultured AF. Interestingly adventitial aneurysm cultured in endothelial growth media resulted in the appearance of spindle shaped cells with CD31+ endothelial colonies sprouting among them. Moderate active TGF-beta1 and AT1 and strong AT2 expression were observed in these CD31+ cells. Cultured control adventitia only had spindle cell outgrowth and negligible active TGF-beta1, AT1 and AT2 expression. In summary aneurysm tissue and cultured AF and CD31+ cells of aneurysm origin showed increased expression of AT2 and an absence of increased AT1 expression. Increased AT2 expression in areas of pathological remodeling suggests an active role for AT2 in aneurysm development. Co-localization of increased AT2 with active TGF-beta1 expression and CD34+ cells suggests a role for AT2 in endothelial differentiation and angiogenesis.
Abstract 21186: Mild to Moderate Kidney Dysfunction is Associated with an Increased Risk of Ventricular Fibrillation in the Setting of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Darshan Dalal, Jonas de Jong, Fleur V Tjong, Yaping Wang, Nienke Bruinsma, Lukas Dekker, Arthur A Wilde
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Although end stage renal disease is known to elevate risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD), the role of less severe renal impairment in SCD is unclear. We examined this association in a ca...
Differential regulations of chemosensitivity in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells under hypoxic conditions
Authors: Keiji Tanimoto, Hideaki Nakamura, Mayu Yunokawa, Keiko Hiyama, Koji Yoshiga, Masahiko Nishiyama
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

1254 

Tissue hypoxia is now recognized to contribute to the biologically aggressive tumor phenotypes and emergence of therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), the key transcription factor under hypoxic conditions, controls a variety of genes and result in these malignant phenotypes, but the functional mechanisms of HIF-1 and its related hypoxia-inducible genes in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) remain unclear. In this study, we tried to clarify the roles of these hypoxia-inducible genes in hypoxia-induced resistance to anti-cancer chemotherapy in OSCC. We first evaluated the sensitivities of OSCC cell lines, HSC-2 and Ca9-22, to CDDP treatments under normoxia (21% pO2) and hypoxia (1% pO2) by MTT assay. Interestingly, 24- or 48-hour continuous exposure as well as pre-treatment of hypoxia for 24 hours conferred CDDP-resistance in HSC-2 but did not in Ca9-22. To characterize the differences in these two cell lines, we compared protein expression levels of HIF-1 heterodimeric subunits, HIF-1α and Arnt. The immunoblotting revealed that hypoxic treatment (1% pO2 for 8 hours) drastically increased HIF-1α protein in HSC-2 alone, although it was hardly detectable in the cells as well as Ca9-22 cells under normoxic condition. Expression level of Arnt was relatively high in HSC-2 to that in Ca9-22, but the levels in both cell lines were not influenced by hypoxic treatment. Hypoxia-inducible genes were analyzed in both cell lines by using CodeLink Expression Bioarray System, UniSet Human 20K I Bioarray (19881 probes). The comprehensive gene expression analyses demonstrated that 24-hour hypoxic treatment up-regulated 2638 and 1173 genes, and down-regulated 2881 and 2404 genes in HSC-2 and Ca9-22, respectively. Among them, 2130 genes were specifically up-regulated in HSC-2, while 2332 genes were down-regulated. We found that they included genes which are well known as sensitivity determinants of CDDP, such as VEGF, HSPB, IL6, MLH1, and MSH2. These results suggest that our selected genes may play some important roles in hypoxia-induced CDDP-resistance. Functional analyses of these novel hypoxia-inducible genes are now going on.
Abstract 17057: Long Term Outcomes in Coronary Artery Disease Patients With Acetylsalicylic Acid Sensitivity Undergoing a Novel Desensitization Protocol
Authors: Roberta Rossini, Giuseppe Musumeci, Laurian Mihalcsik, Tamar Nijaradze, Vasile Sirbu, Luigi Fiocca, Matteo Baroni, Ana Inashvili, Orazio Valsecchi, Giulio Guagliumi, Antonello Gavazzi, Dominick J Angiolillo
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: Aspirin therapy is the cornerstone of treatment in patients (pts) with coronary artery disease, particularly those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this study was to test the safety and efficacy of a new standard desensitization procedure, using escalating low doses of aspirin in pts with acetylsalicylic acid sensitivity. Methods: Out of 3080 pts undergoing coronary angiography, seventy-seven had a history of aspirin sensitivity (2.5%). A history of cutaneous reactions (urticaria and/or angioedema) was reported in 76% of pts, respiratory sensitivity (asthma and/or rhinitis) in 21.5%, whereas 2.5% had a history of anaphylactic shock. All pts underwent the desensitization procedure: six sequential doses of aspirin (1, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 100 mg) administered orally at predefined intervals, with the procedure lasting 5.5 hours. None received pretreatment with antihistamines or corticosteroids. Blood pressure, pulse, cutaneous, nasoocular, or pulmonary reactions were monitored until 4 hours after the procedure. Pts were followed-up for 18.1± 6.3 months. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as death, repeat revascularization and stroke were recorded. Results: The desensitization procedure was successful in 71 pts (92.2%). No serious adverse reactions occurred: 3 pts with history of idiopathic urticaria developed cutaneous reaction, 2 pts (with frequent asthma attacks) experienced shortness of breath associated with bronchospasm, and 1 pt had shortness of breath without bronchospasm. All reactions were immediately resolved with corticosteroids and antihistamines. All pts but 15 (19.4%) underwent PCI (1.8 stent/pt, DES 75.5%, multivessel PCI 31.4%) and were discharged on dual antiplatelet therapy. At follow-up, aspirin was maintained in 92.9% pts. None of the discontinuations were due to allergic reaction. The incidence of MACE was 6.5% (1 non-cardiac death and 4 repeat revascularizations). None of the pts experienced stent thrombosis. Conclusions: This novel desensitization procedure seems to be safe and effective. Complex PCI procedures can be performed also in such pts, without increasing the risk of stent thrombosis.
Abstract 3204: Implications of Preoperative thienopyridine Use in Patients With non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: One year Results From the ACUITY Trial
Authors: Ramin Ebrahimi, Frederick Feit, Steven V Manoukian, A. Micheal Lincoff, Cornelius Dyke, Bernard Gersh, Roxana Mehran, Jeffrey Moses, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Thienopyridine administration has a class Ia recommendation in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Despite this many physicians withhold this treatment until after angiography because of concerns over the minority of patients who may require coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). We sought to evaluate the one year composite ischemic outcomes (death, myocardial infarction, revascularization) in ACS patients requiring CABG based on thienopyridine exposure and timing of CABG. Methods: In the ACUITY trial, thienopyridine administration and timing was left to investigators’ discretion. In the subset of patients requiring CABG, the one year composite ischemic outcome was compared in those not exposed to thienopyridines (group A), those who received thienopyridine and went to CABG ≤120 hours from the last dose (group B) and those who received thienopyridine and went to CABG &gt;120 hours after the last dose (group C). Major bleeding was defined based on ACUITY definitions. Results: CABG was performed in 1539 (11.1%) patients. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics among the three groups. Mean time from angiography to CABG, major bleeding, and 1-year composite ischemia are presented in the table below. Conclusions: Based on our analysis of ACS patients undergoing CABG in the ACUITY trial, those who received thienopyridine preoperatively and went to CABG &gt;120 hours from the last dose had improved one year composite ischemic outcomes compared to those not exposed or those who received thienopyridine and went to CABG ≤120 hours after the last dose.
Abstract 19060: Relationship of Myocardial Strain by 2D Speckle Tracking Echocardiography and Coronary Flow Reserve by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Naka Saito, Shingo Kato, Hidekuni Kirigaya, Daiki Gyotoku, Nao Yamada, Naoki Iinuma, Yuka Kusakawa, Kohei Iguchi, Yuko Miki, Tatsuya Nakachi, Kazuki Fukui, Kazuo Kimura, Satoshi Umemura
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  A recent study demonstrated that myocardial strain assessed by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE) is significantly reduced in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Phase contrast (PC) cine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging allows for non-invasive and accurate evaluation of microcirculation of myocardium, namely coronary flow reserve (CFR).   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that both myocardial strain by 2D STE and CFR by PC cine MRI are substantially reduced in patients with HFpEF in comparison those without and myocardial strain by 2D-STE is correlated with CFR by PC cine MRI.   Methods:  We studied 20 HFpEF patients (mean age: 72 ± 6 years) and 18 controls (mean age: 66 ± 13 years). Assessment of myocardial strain was performed in three directions, radial strain (RS); circumferential strain (CS); longitudinal strain (LS). By using 1.5T MR scanner and 32 channel cardiac coils, breath-hold PC cine MR images of coronary sinus (CS) were obtained to assess the blood flow of CS both at rest and during adenosine triphosphate (ATP) infusion. CFR was calculated as CS blood flow during ATP infusion divided by CS blood flow at rest. Impairment of CFR was defined as    Results:  In patients with HFpEF, myocardial strains were significantly decreased in comparison to control subjects (RS: 28.5 ± 11.2 vs 38.9 ± 14.6, p=0.018; CS: -17.6 ± 3.8 vs -21.0 ± 5.5, p=0.029; LS: -15.7 ± 3.7 vs -18.6 ± 2.5, p=0.007). Furthermore, median CFR was    Conclusions:  In patients HFpEF, both myocardial strain by 2D-STE and CFR by PC cine MRI were significantly reduced in comparison to controls. CS by 2D-STE showed significant correlation with CFR by PC cine MRI. The results in the current study indicated that the dysfunction of left ventricular microcirculation might play an important role for the decreased CS strain by 2D-STE in patients with HFpEF.
Overall Survival in Older Patients with Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) with &gt;30% Bone Marrow Blasts Treated with Azacitidine By Cytogenetic Risk Status: Results of the AZA-AML-001 Study
Authors: Hartmut Döhner, John F Seymour, Aleksandra Butrym, Agnieszka Wierzbowska, Dominik Selleslag, Jun Ho Jang, James D Cavenagh, Rajat Kumar, Andre C Schuh, Anna Candoni, Christian Récher, Irwindeep Sandhu, Teresa Bernal del Castillo, Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali, Giovanni Martinelli, Jose Falantes, Richard M. Stone, Mark D. Minden, Heidi McIntyre, Stephen Songer, Lela M. Lucy, CL Beach, Hervé Dombret
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 17228: BMPER is a Modulator of Vascular Inflammation and Endothelial Cell Dysfunction
Authors: Thomas Helbing, Rene Rothweiler, Elena Ketterer, Stefanie Wintrich, Katharina Zeschky, Jennifer Heinke, Sebastian Grundmann, Cam Patterson, Christoph Bode, Martin Moser
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs) are important regulators of vascular disease and contribute to the progression of atherosclerosis. Bone morphogenetic protein endothelial cell precu...
Viral Hepatitis Surveillance — India, 2011–2013
Authors: Tripurari Kumar, Aakash Shrivastava, Anil Kumar, Kayla F. Laserson, Jai P. Narain, Srinivasaraghavan Venkatesh, Lakhbir S. Chauhan, Francisco Averhoff
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

The burden of viral hepatitis in India is not well characterized. In 2009, the national Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) began conducting surveillance across all Indian states for epidemic-prone diseases, including foodborne and waterborne forms of viral hepatitis (e.g., hepatitis A and E). Information on outbreaks of all forms of viral hepatitis, including A, B, C, and E, also is collected. This report summarizes viral hepatitis surveillance and outbreak data reported to IDSP during 2011-2013. During this period, 804,782 hepatitis cases and 291 outbreaks were reported; the virus type was unspecified in 92% of cases. Among 599,605 cases tested for hepatitis A, 44,663 (7.4%) were positive, and among 187,040 tested for hepatitis E, 19,508 (10.4%) were positive. At least one hepatitis outbreak report was received from 23 (66%) of 35 Indian states. Two-thirds of outbreaks were reported from rural areas. Among 163 (56%) outbreaks with known etiology, 78 (48%) were caused by hepatitis E, 54 (33%) by hepatitis A, 19 (12%) by both hepatitis A and E, and 12 (7%) by hepatitis B or hepatitis C. Contaminated drinking water was the source of most outbreaks. Improvements in water quality and sanitation as well as inclusion of hepatitis A vaccine in childhood immunization programs should be considered to reduce the public health burden of hepatitis in India. Efforts to decrease the proportion of cases for which the etiology is unspecified, including expanding the IDSP to support hepatitis B and C testing, might help further elucidate the epidemiology of these diseases.
Abstract 8914: Late Gadolinium Enhancement Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Known or Suspected Heart Failure
Authors: Masliza Mahmod, Khaled Mahmoud-Tawfik, Francisco Alpendurada, Isabelle Roussin, Cheuk F Chan, Dudley J Pennell, Sanjay K Prasad
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Myocardial scar as detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been documented to provide important diagnostic information in patients with heart failure (HF). What is less clear is its' prognostic value in this cohort of patients. Methods: A total of 153 consecutive patients with known or suspected HF referred for CMR imaging from 2005 to 2008 were prospectively followed for clinical events. The primary composite end point (EP) was all-cause mortality or unplanned cardiovascular hospitalization. Secondary composite EP included unplanned HF hospitalization, worsening of NYHA class or cardiac resynchronization therapy implantation. Patients were divided into two groups: late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) + and LGE- depending on the presence and absence of LGE respectively. Post-scan follow-up was assessed by review of case notes, clinic visits and review of the National Survival database. Results: LGE was present in 94 patients (61%). Of these, 53% had infarct, 26% had mid-wall and 8% had patchy distribution of LGE. The LGE+ patients were older, more likely to be male, with larger left ventricular (LV) volumes, increased LV mass and a lower LV ejection fraction. At a mean follow-up of 3.1 ± 1.4 years, 39 (41%) in the LGE+ and 10 (17%) in the LGE- groups experienced the primary EP. Forty-six (49%) in the LGE+ and 12 (20%) in the LGE- groups experienced the secondary EP. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that LGE was a significant predictor of the primary (p=0.003) (Fig.1) and secondary (p=0.001) EPs. Cox regression analysis showed that presence of LGE was associated with an increase in composite primary and secondary EPs (HR: 2.73, p=0.005 and HR: 2.77, p=0.002, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that LGE was the only independent predictor of both EPs. Conclusions: In patients with known or suspected HF, the presence of LGE is an independent prognostic marker of adverse events, with incremental value to standard clinical information.
Treatment of venous leg ulcers
Authors: F. Dobbs
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The fact that the transmission and processing of visual information in the brain takes time presents a problem for the accurate real-time localization of a moving object. One way this problem might be solved is extrapolation: using an object’s past trajectory to predict its location in the present moment. Here, we investigate how a simulated <i>in silico</i> layered neural network might implement such extrapolation mechanisms, and how the necessary neural circuits might develop. We allowed an unsupervised hierarchical network of velocity-tuned neurons to learn its connectivity through spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP). We show that the temporal contingencies between the different neural populations that are activated by an object as it moves causes the receptive fields of higher-level neurons to shift in the direction opposite to their preferred direction of motion. The result is that neural populations spontaneously start to represent moving objects as being further along their trajectory than where they were physically detected. Because of the inherent delays of neural transmission, this effectively compensates for (part of) those delays by bringing the represented position of a moving object closer to its instantaneous position in the world. Finally, we show that this model accurately predicts the pattern of perceptual mislocalization that arises when human observers are required to localize a moving object relative to a flashed static object (the flash-lag effect; FLE). <b>Significance Statement</b> Our ability to track and respond to rapidly changing visual stimuli, such as a fast-moving tennis ball, indicates that the brain is capable of extrapolating the trajectory of a moving object to predict its current position, despite the delays that result from neural transmission. Here, we show how the neural circuits underlying this ability can be learned through spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity and that these circuits emerge spontaneously and without supervision. This demonstrates how the neural transmission delays can, in part, be compensated to implement the extrapolation mechanisms required to predict where a moving object is at the present moment.
Long term follow up of children with recurrent abdominal pain
Authors: I. Abu-Arafeh, M. Hotopf, S Wessely, S. Carr, R. Mayou, M Wadsworth
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Hypoxic responses in infants Subjecting infants to low oxygen concentrations seems unethicalEditor-The ethics of Parkins et al's study depend partly on whether there is any potential benefit to the infants from the experiment. 1 If parents subject their infant to low oxygen concentrations in an aeroplane they take a risk which is balanced against the benefit of air travel.Unless there is some real prospect of identifying infants at risk and offering useful protection against the sudden infant death syndrome, it seems to me to be unethical to subject those infants to the risk of exposure to low oxygen concentration.The fact that some of the families had previously experinced the loss of a child may have increased the likelihood of compliance.This makes me even more worried about the ethics of the study.
Abstract 15491: Myocardial Infarction-Induced Mobilization of Bone Marrow-Endothelial Progenitor Cells is Modulated By IL-10 Signaling and is Influenced by SDF1-CXCR4 Signaling Axis
Authors: Prasanna Krishnamurthy, Melissa Thal, Suresh Verma, Eneda Hoxha, Erin Lambers, Veronica Ramirez, Gangjian Qin, Douglas Losordo, Raj Kishore
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) transplantation has been shown to enhance neovascularization and improve myocardial infarction (MI)-induced ventricular dysfunction. However, EPC mobilization, survival and function in the injured myocardium is adversely influenced by pro-inflammatory cytokine response, thereby compromising full benefits of EPC-mediated myocardial repair. We hypothesized that modulation of IL-10 signaling in EPCs influences their mobilization, survival and function in ischemic myocardium after MI. Myocardial infarction (MI)-induced mobilization of bone marrow EPC (Sca1+Flk1+ cells) into the circulation was higher in WT-mice as compared to IL-10 KO-mice (P
Abstract 9766: Impact of Duration on The Results of a Lifestyle Modification Program for The Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Patrick Walden, Sangeetha Krishnan, Samantha Fink, Lynette Mollo, Carla Vorndran, Martha Weintraub, Elif A Oral, Melvyn Rubenfire
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: We have demonstrated that the staff and facilities of cardiac rehab can be used to treat the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) in a patient-pay ($350) 3 month life-style intervention program [the Metabolic Fitness Program (MetFit)]. Objective: To determine the relative effectiveness of extending the 3 month MetFit program to 6 months. Methods: All patients were physician referred and had 3 or more criteria of the MetSyn. Anthropomorphic, physiologic, and biochemical studies were obtained at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The program costs the patient $700 and consists of weekly 45 minute sessions of nutrition, exercise, and behavior education and 45 minutes of exercise supplemented by daily free use of the fitness center. Results: Of the 72 patients enrolled in the 6 month program, 44.4% were male and mean age was 52.1±9.5 years. Over 90% were obese and 40% were morbidly obese. Based on AHA Guidelines for the MetSyn, 72.2% were hypertensive, 87.5% had impaired fasting glucose, 98.6% had abdominal obesity, 65.3% had elevated fasting triglycerides, and 61.1% had low HDL-C. In this interim analysis, 68 (94%) had completed 3 months, 55 (76%) had completed 6 months and 8 (10%) dropped out of the program. The change in parameters associated with the MetSyn at 3 and 6 months are shown in Table 1. Forty-seven % of patients lost at least one criteria of MetSyn after 6 months of the program compared to 28% at 3 months (p=0.027). At 6 months, 27% no longer had the MetSyn compared to 13% at 3 months (p&lt;.0001). Conclusions: This interim analysis of the MetFit program targeting the metabolic syndrome suggests that patients will obtain more benefit after 6 months compared to 3 months. Drop-out rate was not affected with the longer program despite the higher cost to the patient. The long term benefits of programs like MetFit remain to be seen.
像其他药物一样，阿司匹林也有毒性—我们不清楚谁应服用多大剂量和使用多长时间
Authors: 张莉
Journal: BMJ (2001)

阿司匹林是一个古老的药物。大约 2 0 0 0年前希腊人就利用柳树的树皮和树叶 (其中含有水杨酸 )来解除疼痛及退热。从 19世纪末开始 ,乙酰水杨酸被大规模的生产 ,阿司匹林很快成为一种被广泛应用的止痛药。 2 0世纪 6 0年代后期 ,人们发现单独使用阿司匹林能不可逆地抑制血小板的正常凝集反应 ,它是通过阻断环氧化酶介导的血栓素Ａ2的合成而起作用的。阿司匹林的这种作用可一直持续至新生成的血小板释放入血 ;血小板的生物学寿命大约为 9天。有时 ,药物的副作用可被转为优点 ,像阿司匹林的这种抗血栓形成作用已经被广泛地利用。此药已成功地用于健康人群及冠心病患者 ,以预防心肌梗死 ;对急性心肌梗死