tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Humoral responses to Malassezia furfur serovars A, B and C in normal individuals of various ages
Authors: A.C. CUNNINGHAM, E. INGHAM, G. GOWLAND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Humoral responses to Malassezia furfur serovars A, B and C in normal individuals of various ages Get access A.C. CUNNINGHAM, A.C. CUNNINGHAM The Academic Unit of Immunology, Department of Clinical Medicine, The Old Medical School, University of Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Dr E. Ingham. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. INGHAM, E. INGHAM The Academic Unit of Immunology, Department of Clinical Medicine, The Old Medical School, University of Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. GOWLAND G. GOWLAND The Academic Unit of Immunology, Department of Clinical Medicine, The Old Medical School, University of Leeds, Leeds LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 5, 1 November 1992, Pages 476–481, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14843.x Published: 01 November 1992
3p21.3 Tumor Suppressor Gene <i>H37/Luca15/RBM5</i> Inhibits Growth of Human Lung Cancer Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
Authors: Juliana J. Oh, Ali Razfar, Idolina Delgado, Rebecca A. Reed, Anna Malkina, Baher Boctor, Dennis J. Slamon
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Deletion at chromosome 3p21.3 is the earliest and the most frequently observed genetic alteration in lung cancer, suggesting that the region contains tumor suppressor gene(s) (TSG). Identification of those genes may lead to the development both of biomarkers to identify high-risk individuals and novel therapeutics. Previously, we cloned the H37/Luca15/RBM5 gene from 3p21.3 and showed its TSG characteristics. To investigate the physiologic function of H37 in the lung and its mechanism of tumor suppression, we have stably transfected H37 into A549 non–small cell lung cancer cells. A549/H37 cells show significant growth inhibition compared with the vector controls by in vitro and in vivo cell proliferation assays. Using this lung cancer cell model, we have found that the molecular mechanism of H37 tumor suppression involves both cell cycle (G1) arrest and apoptosis. To further define H37's function in cell cycle/apoptotic pathways, we investigated differential expression profiles of various cell cycle and apoptosis regulatory proteins using Western blot analysis. Both cyclin A and phophorylated RB levels were decreased in H37-transfected cells, whereas expression of Bax protein was increased. Mitochondrial regulation of apoptosis further downstream of Bax was investigated, showing change in the mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release into the cytosol, and enhanced caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities. We also report that H37 may mediate apoptosis in a p53-independent manner, and Bax knockdown by small interfering RNA suggests Bax plays a functional role downstream of H37. Lastly, we proposed a tumor suppression model of H37 as a post-transcriptional regulator for cell cycle/apoptotic–related proteins. (Cancer Res 2006; (66)7: 3419-27)
Both sides win in Upjohn libel case
Authors: C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The long running libel action brought by the Upjohn company, manufacturer of the sleeping pill Halcion (triazolam), ended in the High Court in London last week, with the company winning a total of pounds sterling85 000 libel damages over allegations that it had deliberately concealed the drug's side effects.

The BBC was ordered to pay the company, based in the US, pounds sterling60 000 in damages over a 1991 Panorama documentary - “The Halcion nightmare.” Upjohn also won £25 000 from Ian Oswald, a retired professor of psychiatry at Edinburgh University, over comments by him in the New York Times in January 1992 accusing the company of “one long fraud.” But Professor Oswald, who was backed by the Medical Defence Union, succeeded in a counterclaim that Upjohn had libelled him in a company press release reacting to his charges. He was awarded £50 000 …
Effect of pharmacologic treatment on dermatologic-specific quality of life (qol): a comparison of botulinum toxin type-a (bt-a) for primary focal hyperhidrosis (hh) to medical treatments for other dermatological diseases
Authors: James R. Spalding, Jonathan Kowalski, Jeffrey Lee, Dee Anna Glaser
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2004)

Objectives: To review and compare via the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI): 1) the effect of primary focal HH on QOL relative to other dermatological diseases; 2) the QOL treatment effect of BT-A for HH to the QOL treatment effect reported for other dermatological treatments and diseases.Methods: The DLQI is a 10 item dermatology-specific QOL questionnaire with a total score ranging from 0 to 30 (with 30 representing the worst impact on QOL).A literature search identified all publications reporting pre-and post-pharmacologic treatment DLQI scores for a variety of diseases.Using studies with data on at least 20 adult subjects to ensure sufficient sample size, an evidence table was constructed listing the pre-and post-pharmacologic DLQI score by dermatological disease and treatment.QOL treatment effect was defined as the reported mean or median difference in the pre-and post-treatment DLQI score.Results: 7 of 8 studies with pre-and post-pharmacologic treatment DLQI total scores reported data for at least 20 adult patients (3 on HH, 3 on moderate to severe psoriasis, and 1 on moderate to severe acne).Baseline DLQI total scores ranged from 9.1 to 18 for HH, 8.4 to 11.9 for psoriasis, and 8.3 to 9.2 for acne.Treatment effects ranged from Ϫ7.3 to Ϫ13 for BT-A in HH, Ϫ7 to Ϫ10 for cyclosporin in psoriasis, Ϫ2.4 to Ϫ6 for alefacept in psoriasis, and Ϫ5.8 to Ϫ6.1 for various treatments (oral isotretinoin, oral and topical antibiotics, and anti-androgens) in acne.Conclusion: The effect of primary focal hyperhidrosis on QOL as reported in the literature was similar to or greater than that reported at baseline for moderate to severe psoriasis and acne.In addition, the beneficial improvement in QOL reported for HH patients following the use of BT-A was similar to or greater than the magnitude of improvement in QOL reported for moderate to severe psoriasis following systemic treatment, and also was similar to or greater than the QOL benefit reported for moderate to severe acne following systemic and/or topical treatments.
Antibody-Maytansinoid Conjugates Are Activated in Targeted Cancer Cells by Lysosomal Degradation and Linker-Dependent Intracellular Processing
Authors: Hans K. Erickson, Peter U. Park, Wayne C. Widdison, Yelena V. Kovtun, Lisa M. Garrett, Karen Hoffman, Robert J. Lutz, Victor S. Goldmacher, Walter A. Blättler
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Antibody-drug conjugates are targeted anticancer agents consisting of a cytotoxic drug covalently linked to a monoclonal antibody for tumor antigen-specific activity. Once bound to the target cell-surface antigen, the conjugate must be processed to release an active form of the drug, which can reach its intracellular target. Here, we used both biological and biochemical methods to better define this process for antibody-maytansinoid conjugates. In particular, we examined the metabolic fate in cells of huC242-maytansinoid conjugates containing either a disulfide linker (huC242-SPDB-DM4) or a thioether linker (huC242-SMCC-DM1). Using cell cycle analysis combined with lysosomal inhibitors, we showed that lysosomal processing is required for the activity of antibody-maytansinoid conjugates, irrespective of the linker. We also identified and characterized the released maytansinoid molecules from these conjugates, and measured their rate of release compared with the kinetics of cell cycle arrest. Both conjugates are efficiently degraded in lysosomes to yield metabolites consisting of the intact maytansinoid drug and linker attached to lysine. The lysine adduct is the sole metabolite from the thioether-linked conjugate. However, the lysine metabolite generated from the disulfide-linked conjugate is reduced and S-methylated to yield the lipophilic and potently cytotoxic metabolite, S-methyl-DM4. These findings provide insight into the mechanism of action of antibody-maytansinoid conjugates in general, and more specifically, identify a biochemical mechanism that may account for the significantly enhanced antitumor efficacy observed with disulfide-linked conjugates.
Graded contrast echocardiography in pulmonary arteriovenous malformations
Authors: J. A. Parra, J. Bueno, J. Zarauza, C. Fariñas-Alvarez, J. M. Cuesta, P. Ortiz, R. Zarrabeitia, A. Pérez del Molino, M. Bustamante, L. M. Botella, M. T. Delgado
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

To compare the results of transthoracic contrast echocardiography (TTCE) adding a grading scale with the results of thoracic computed tomography (CT) in order to optimise the use of both techniques. 95 patients with hereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) were examined with TTCE and thoracic CT to detect pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs). According to previous studies, TTCE was divided into a four grade scale depending on the degree of opacification of the left ventricle after the administration of a contrast agent. Of the 95 patients (50.5% female; mean age 46 yrs), none with normal or grade 1 TTCE had detectable PAVMs on thoracic CT. Shunts of grades 2, 3 and 4 were associated with PAVMs according to thoracic CT in 25, 80, and 100% of the cases. There was a statistically significant association between the TTCE grade and the detection of a PAVM by thoracic CT. There were also statistically significant associations between TTCE grade and the cardiac cycle when the contrast was first visible in the left atrium, and size of the feeding artery. Graded TTCE and timing of left atrium opacification may be useful techniques in selecting HHT patients for PAVM screening with thoracic CT scans.
The definition of myocardial ischaemia
Authors: N. Sperelakis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article The definition of myocardial ischaemia Get access Nicholas Sperelakis Nicholas Sperelakis Joseph Eichberg Professor Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 29, Issue 1, January 1995, Page 142, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(95)90116-7 Published: 01 January 1995
Generation of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL)-reactive T-cell lines and clones from HLA class I-matched donors using modified B-CLL cells as stimulators: implications for adoptive immunotherapy
Authors: M Hoogendoorn, J Olde Wolbers, W M Smit, M R Schaafsma, R M Y Barge, R Willemze, J H F Falkenburg
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Unilateral Lymphoma-Related Leg Edema
Authors: Nikolaos Akritidis, Gerasimos Baxevanos, Georgios Pappas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

REFERENCES 1. Gaissert HA, Mark EJ: Tracheobronchial gland tumors. Cancer Control 13:286-294, 2006 2. Gaissert HA, Grillo HC, Shadmehr MB, et al: Long-term survival after resection of primary adenoid cystic and squamous cell carcinoma of the trachea and carina. Ann Thorac Surg 78:1889-1896, 2004; discussion 1896-1897 3. Fields JN, Rigaud G, Emami BN: Primary tumors of the trachea: Results of radiation therapy. Cancer 63:2429-2433, 1989 4. Cheung AY: Radiotherapy for primary carcinoma of the trachea. Radiother Oncol 14:279-285, 1989 5. Sasiaja M, Funa N, Kamata M, et al: Unresectable adenoid cystic carcinoma of the trachea treated with chemoradiotherapy. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 12:272, 2000 6. Videtic GM, Campbell C, Vincent MD: Primary chemoradiation as definitive treatment for unresectable cancer of the trachea. Can Respir J 10:143-144, 2003 7. Haddad RI, Posner MR, Busse PM, et al: Chemoradiotherapy for adenoid cystic carcinoma: Preliminary results of an organ sparing approach. Am J Clin Oncol 29:153-157, 2006
GENERAL SURGICAL ANESTHESIA.
Authors: ERNEST J. MELLISH
Journal: JAMA (1903)

In the light of our present knowledge of practical anesthesia, it is not justifiable to employ any one anesthetic exclusively. The safest anesthesia depends on (1) the choice of the anesthetic best adapted to the individual case; (2) the technic of preparation for and administration of the anesthetic, and (3) a skilful anesthetizer. In a considerable proportion of operative cases the life of the patient depends on the proper choice of the anesthetic and the management of the anesthesia. The recent advances in our knowledge of local and neuroregional anesthesia have materially narrowed the field of general anesthesia. Almost every kind of operation has been attempted, and more or less successfully performed, under local or neuroregional anesthesia. However, the mere fact that an operation can be performed under local or regional anesthesia is not sufficient justification to do it. The shock to some individuals from even trivial operations under
US committee recommends HPV vaccine for boys
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2011)

All boys in the United States should receive the quadrivalent vaccine to protect against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, which can cause cancer, a US committee has recommended.

It should be made routine for the series of vaccinations typically given to all children aged 11-12, with a catch-up period for all those up to the age of 21.

The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices made the recommendation during a conference call on 25 October, after several months of public hearings and study. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) generally follows the committee’s recommendations and should issue the final wording on the recommendations within a few months. …
Abstract 5574: Altered glycerophospholipid metabolism in non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Chuong D. Hoang, Manhong Wu, Yue Xu, Robert Merrit, Richard Whyte, Joseph Shrager, Gary Peltz
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objective: It is hypothesized that accumulation of specific metabolites precedes morphologic changes in human lung tumors during malignant transformation, and that this may be exploited to develop a lung cancer biomarker. Methods: We performed metabolomic profiling on 24 fresh-frozen specimens from patients with biopsy proven lung adenocarcinoma. The following tissues from each of the patients were analyzed: tumor, adjacent-to-tumor tissues, and normal lung. The metabolites were extracted by a methanol chloroform technique and separated by high resolution liquid chromatography. They were analyzed using the 6520 hybrid quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Agilent). Mass Profiler Professional software (Agilent) was used for statistical analysis and metabolite profiling. To identify a metabolite of interest, the retention time and elemental composition data were searched against databases: METLIN Personal Metabolite (Agilent). After multiple data filtering steps we derived a non-small cell lung carcinoma-specific metabolomic fingerprint. We performed metabolic network analysis to assess which gene(s) may be associated with the metabolomic biosignatures. Results: We detected an average of 2232 unique metabolites in the tumor specimens, 1795 in the adjacent-to-tumor specimens, and 1613 in the normal lung. When tumor and normal lung samples were compared, 201 metabolites were significantly over-expressed and 105 were under-expressed in the tumor tissue. The metabolic biosignature for the tumor group was highly distinct from the other lung regions (several fold change). The metabolites within the tumor-specific signature included the following families: lactate, amino acids, phospholipids, eicosanoids, and glycine derivatives. In particular, multiple phosphatidylethanolamines showed dramatic differential expression in tumor tissues compared to normal lung. Metabolic network analysis suggests that the altered metabolite levels could affect critical cellular functions, including: cell signaling, growth and invasiveness. Conclusion: Metabolomic analysis has identified metabolites that were uniquely found in human lung adenocarcinomas. The specific metabolic biosignature of lung adenocarcinoma could suggest novel biomarkers that could be used for diagnosis, as well as suggest altered molecular pathways contributing to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5574.
Urticaria and angio-oedema.
Authors: A D Ormerod
Journal: BMJ (1984)

of the features of our patients, such as exacerbation by movement (case 1) or percussion (case 2). The tyro surgeon is warned to beware of right basal pneumonia mimicking an acute abdomen' but pulmonary thromboembolism is not listed as a diagnosis of which to be wary, although it is recorded that cholecystectomy has erroneously been performed in patients with the condition.1 It is not uncommon at necropsy to find pulmonary thrombo? embolism that was unsuspected during life. One reason for this is the varied presentation of the condition.67 We suggest that abdominal pain as a presenting feature deserves to be more widely known. References
Ezetimibe coadministered with atorvastatin compared to atorvastatin alone in the attainment of low-density lipoprotein goals among high-risk patients with hypercholesterolemia
Authors: Evan A. Stein, Steen Stender, Pedro Mata, Damien Ponsonnet, Lorenzo Melani, Philip Sager, Lesli Lipka, Ramachandran Suresh, Enrico Veltri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Suppression of mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis development in rats by inhibitors of cAMP phosphodiesterase isozymes types III and IV.
Authors: Y Tsuboi, S J Shankland, J P Grande, H J Walker, R J Johnson, T P Dousa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Excessive mesangial cell (MC) proliferation is a hallmark of many glomerulopathies. In our recent study on cultured rat MC (Matousovic, K., J.P. Grande, C.C.S. Chini, E.N. Chini, and T.P. Dousa. 1995. J. Clin. Invest. 96:401-410) we found that inhibition of isozyme cyclic-3',5'-nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) type III (PDE-III) suppressed MC mitogenesis by activating cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and by decreasing activity of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). We also found that inhibition of another PDE isozyme, PDE-IV, suppresses superoxide generation in glomeruli (Chini, C.C.S., E.N. Chini, J.M. Williams, K. Matousovic, and T.P. Dousa. 1994. Kidney Int. 46:28-36). We thus explored whether administration in vivo of the selective PDE-III antagonist, lixazinone (LX), together with the specific PDE-IV antagonist, rolipram (RP), can attenuate development of mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis (MSGN) induced in rats by anti-rat thymocyte serum (ATS). Unlike the vehicle-treated MSGN rats, rats with MSGN treated with LX and RP did not develop proteinuria and maintained normal renal function when examined 5 d after injection of ATS. In PAS-stained kidneys from PDE-antagonists-treated MSGN-rats the morphology of glomeruli showed a reduction in cellularity compared with control rats with ATS. Compared with MSGN rats receiving vehicle, the MSGN rats receiving PDE-antagonists had less glomerular cell proliferation (PCNA delta -65%), a significantly lesser macrophage infiltration (delta -36% ED-1) and a significant reduction of alpha-smooth muscle actin expression by activated MC; in contrast, immunostaining for platelet antigens and laminin were not different. The beneficial effect of PDE inhibitors was not due to a moderate decrease (approximately -20%) in systolic blood pressure (SBP); as a similar decrease in SBP due to administration of hydralazine, a drug devoid of PDE inhibitory effect, did not reduce severity of MSGN in ATS-injected rats. We conclude that antagonists of PDE-III and PDE-IV administered in submicromolar concentrations in vivo to ATS-injected rats can decrease the activation and proliferation of MC, inhibit the macrophage accumulation, and prevent proteinuria in the acute phase of MSGN. We propose that PDE isozyme inhibitors act to block (negative "crosstalk") the mitogen-stimulated intracellular signaling pathway which controls MC proliferation due to activating of the cAMP-PKA pathway. These results suggest that antagonists of PDE-111 and IV may have a suppressive effect in acute phases or relapses of glomerulopathies associated with MC proliferations.
Antibiotics for sore throats
Authors: J N Stenhouse
Journal: BMJ (1976)

hospitals.In some hospitals induction for growth retardation is performed only after antenatal cardiotocography has shown some abnormality of the fetal heart rate.3As the oxytocin stress test becomes more routine, the risks of inadvertent induction of antepartum haemorrhage in unsuspected cases of placenta praevia increase.In view of the danger of producing haemorrhage it would be advan- tageous not to perform an oxytocin stress test on patients in whom placenta praevia is suspected.
Blue Cross Since 1929: Accountability and the Public Trust
Authors: James E. C. Walker
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This is a fascinating account of a struggle within the private sector that demonstrates public accountability and provides testimony for the support of pluralism in financing of health care in the future. It will make enjoyable reading for all and most important reading for those who have an interest and voice in shaping legislation in national health insurance. The author, a renowned scholar of the field, spent four years interviewing cardinal figures in the Blue Cross movement to gather the data for this account. The result provides many new and intriguing insights into the forces and men responsible for shaping this important part of American medical history. The vignettes drawn from the memory of those interviewed, together with minutes of meetings and other accounts, make this history come alive. It is difficult to put this book down once it is begun. The Blue Cross movement is traced from its beginning
Improvement in Hindbrain Herniation Demonstrated by Serial Fetal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Following Fetal Surgery for Myelomeningocele
Authors: Leslie N. Sutton
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Hindbrain herniation occurs in a large percentage of children with myelomeningocele and is the leading cause of death in this population. The effect of early fetal closure of myelomeningocele on hindbrain herniation is unknown.To determine whether early fetal closure of myelomeningocele affects hindbrain herniation.Case series of patients undergoing fetal myelomeningocele closure with serial measurements of hindbrain herniation and a mean follow-up of 182 days.Tertiary care medical center.Ten patients undergoing fetal myelomeningocele closure at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation between March 1998 and February 1999.Need for shunt placement; degree of hindbrain herniation (grades 0-3) found on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed prior to surgery and 3 and 6 weeks after fetal surgery, as well as shortly after birth; gestational age at delivery.All initial fetal MRI scans performed at 19 to 24 weeks' gestation showed significant (grade 3) cerebellar herniation and absence of spinal fluid spaces around the cerebellum. Six fetuses were delivered electively at 36 weeks' gestation after lung maturity was established. The other 4 were delivered prematurely, at 25, 30, 30, and 31 weeks of gestation, and the 25-week gestation neonate died. All 9 surviving neonates showed improvement in the hindbrain hernia at the 3-week postoperative fetal scan (grade 2, n = 4; grade 1, n = 5). On the postnatal scan, all patients showed grade 1 hindbrain herniation. Only 1 patient required placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.In this series of patients, fetal myelomeningocele closure resulted in improvement in hindbrain herniation as demonstrated by serial MRI scans.