tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HIV testing: changing trends at a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases in London.
Authors: E J Beck, D G Cunningham, V W Moss, J R Harris, A J Pinching, D J Jeffries
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) counselling and antibody testing at a London clinic for sexually transmitted diseases showed substantial changes over a 12 month period. From around 100 a month in the summer of 1986 the numbers of people attending rose substantially to 276 in October 1986 and 475 in November at the time of the campaign in the popular press. They rose further still, to 700, at the time of AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) week in March 1987. In April they fell to the levels seen six months previously. Apart from this increase in overall numbers the proportions of women and heterosexual men who were seen increased.
Squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma arising in burn scars
Authors: M.D. ALCONCHEL, C. OLIVARES, R. ALVAREZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

The most common cancer arising from an old burn scar is squamous cell carcinoma, while malignant melanoma is rare. There are only four reports in the literature on the combination of the more common tumour with a malignant melanoma and only two cases of malignant fibrous histiocytoma alone. This paper reports the first occurrence of the combination of all three types of cancer in burn scars of the same patient. The factors that promote malignant transformation, such as immunological factors and karyotype, are discussed. We also performed an immunohistochemical study using anti-p53 antibodies.
An Outbreak of Rubella among Hospital Personnel
Authors: B. Frank Polk, Julie A. White, Paola C. DeGirolami, John F. Modlin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

An outbreak of 47 cases of rubella occurred among hospital personnel in a large medical-surgical hospital. As a result, one pregnancy was terminated and 475 employee workdays were lost. Epidemiologic investigation of the outbreak suggested a common source; a dietary worker was identified as the probable index case. Serum samples of 12 per cent of women employees were negative for rubella antibody at the time of the outbreak. Neither a history of rubella nor a history of immunization with rubella vaccine was reliable in the prediction of the presence or absence of immunity. Two thirds of all hospital personnel were immunized through a voluntary mass-immunization program, but the response of physicians to the program was disappointing. Outbreaks of rubella that occur in hospitals with prenatal clinics are of special concern. Testing of all employees for rubella antibody and immunization of those determined to be seronegative should be considered.
K-ras and Wnt Signaling Synergize to Accelerate Prostate Tumorigenesis in the Mouse
Authors: Helen B. Pearson, Toby J. Phesse, Alan R. Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Aberrant Ras and Wnt signaling are emerging as key events in the multistep nature of prostate tumorigenesis and progression. Here, we report the generation of a compound model of prostate cancer to define the synergism of activated K-ras (K-ras+/V12) and dominant stabilized β-catenin (Catnb+/lox(ex3)) in the murine prostate. Recombination of floxed alleles and subsequent expression of oncogenic transgenes was mediated by Cre recombinase expression governed by the composite Probasin (PB) promoter (termed PBCre). Concomitant with elevated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, PBCre+K-ras+/V12 mice developed AH at 100 days (100% incidence) and low-grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia and adenocarcinoma (60% and 7% incidence) by 500 days. PBCre+Catnb+/lox(ex3) mice showed reduced longevity (average 428 days) and were predisposed to PIN-like keratinized squamous metaplasia at 100 days (100% incidence) and adenocarcinoma (100% incidence) at end-point. These lesions displayed elevated Wnt signaling and basal levels of MAPK signaling. Synchronous activation of K-ras and β-catenin significantly reduced survival (average 189 days), reflecting accelerated tumorigenesis and the development of invasive carcinoma that displayed activated Wnt and MAPK signaling. Notably, expression of the basal cell marker p63 negatively correlated with tumor grade, resembling human prostate adenocarcinoma. Taken together, our data show that combinatorial oncogenic mutations of K-ras and β-catenin drive rapid progression of prostate tumorigenesis to invasive carcinoma, characterized by the synergistic elevation of androgen receptor, cyclooxygenase-2, and c-Myc. [Cancer Res 2009;69(1):94–101]
Diabetes Mellitus in Eskimos After a Decade
Authors: George J. Mouratoff
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Although clinical diabetes mellitus is still rare, more Eskimos were intolerant of glucose in 1972 than was true ten years earlier. Also, a higher proportion of the population was overweight. The high tolerance for glucose in these people does not appear to have a genetic basis, but may instead be associated with physical activity and physical fitness.
Impaired antioxidant defense in hemoglobin E‐containing erythrocytes: A mechanism protective against malaria?
Authors: Neil A. Lachant, Kouichi R. Tanaka
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Red blood cell (RBC) antioxidant defense was investigated in eight individuals with hemoglobin E (Six EE and two E-B(+) thalassemia) and compared to that in six individuals with thalassemia and ten normal subjects. Individuals with hemoglobin E had increased incubated Heinz body formation (68% +/- 18%; p less than 0.001) compared to normal and thalassemic RBC (10% +/- 2% and 11% +/- 5%, respectively). Stimulated pentose phosphate shunt activity was increased in the thalassemic and decreased in the hemoglobin E RBC as compared to normal. The 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (DPG) content of the EE RBC was increased to 5.59 +/- 0.69 mumol/ml RBC as compared to normal (4.51 +/- 0.77; p less than 0.001). In the EE RBC, there was a direct correlation between Heinz body formation and DPG content (r = 0.73). Ascorbic and dehydroascorbic acid (0.1 and 1.0 mM) were able to decrease the degree of Heinz body formation in the hemoglobin E RBC. Ascorbic acid (0.1 mM) prolonged the response of the pentose shunt. Thus impaired antioxidant defense may account for the persistence of the hemoglobin E gene in areas where malaria is endemic. Oxidant medications should be used with caution in individuals of Southeast Asian origin.
Tc-99m MDP Uptake Resulting From Right Internal Carotid Artery Occlusion of Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Ji-Gang Yang, Da-Qing Ma, Chun-Lin Li, Lan-Fang Zou
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Cerebral uptake of Tc-99m methylene diphosphonate (MDP) due to cerebral infarction in elderly patients has been reported previously. Our patient was an 18-year-old female with increased MDP activity in the right semihemisphere of the brain. Subsequent cerebral angiography revealed occlusion of the right internal carotid artery, consistent with a diagnosis of Moyamoya disease.
Which treatment option for couples with unexplained or mild male subfertility?
Authors: L. B. Romundstad, S. Opdahl, A. Pinborg
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Background</h3> Community emergency medicine (CEM) aims to bring highly skilled, expert medical care to the patient outside of the traditional ED setting. Currently, there are several different CEM models in existence within the UK and Ireland which confer multiple benefits including provision of a senior clinical decision-maker early in the patient’s journey, frontloading of time-critical interventions, easing pressure on busy EDs and reducing inpatient bed days. This is achieved through increased community-based management supplemented by utilisation of alternative care pathways. This study aimed to undertake a national comparison of CEM services currently in operation. <h3>Method</h3> A data collection tool was distributed to CEM services by the Pre-Hospital trainee Operated Research Network in October 2020 which aimed to establish current practice among services in the UK and Ireland. It focused on six key sections: service aims; staffing and training; job tasking and patient selection; funding and vehicles used; equipment and medication; data collection, governance and research activity. <h3>Results</h3> Seven services responded from across England, Wales and Ireland. Similarities were found with the aims of each service, staffing structures and operational times. There were large differences in equipment carried, categories of patient targeted and with governance and research activity. <h3>Conclusion</h3> While some national variations in services are explained by funding and geographical location, this review process revealed several differences in practice under the umbrella term of CEM. A national definition of CEM and its aim, with guidance on scope of practice and measurable outcomes, should be generated to ensure high standard and cost-effective emergency care is delivered in the community.
Paediatric resuscitation. Updated standard reference chart.
Authors: P Oakley, B Phillips, E Molyneux, K Mackway-Jones
Journal: BMJ (1993)

years, which is worrying.There is a similar gap between the ages of 6 and 10 years.While a child's weight and therefore doses of drugs may vary considerably with age, the size of an endotracheal tube varies far less.The authors' chart should at least show a full range of endotracheal tube sizes.Before the meeting of the European Resuscitation Council in November last year the recommended endotracheal dose of adrenaline, atropine, and lignocaine was twice the intravenous or intraosseous dose.Since the meeting the American Heart Association has suggested that the initial endotracheal dose of adrenaline should in fact be 10 times the intravenous dose-that is, 100 pRg/kg.It is likely that this will soon be accepted by the European Resuscitation Council as the standard.Thus Burke and Bowden's chart has at best a twofold and at worst a tenfold dosage error.I understand that Oakley is currently revising his chart in accordance with the European Resuscitation Council's guidelines and is taking account of all these points.I look forward to seeing his new chart.In conclusion, Burke and Bowden's chart has serious flaws and may even be dangerous.It should not replace the existing or updated Oakley chart.
The Psychological Assessment of Police Candidates
Authors: CLIFTON RHEAD, ARNOLD ABRAMS, HARRY TROSMAN, PHILIP MARGOLIS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The authors describe a technique for assessing police department candidates based on projective tests and an interview. They conclude that success or failure in a law enforcement career is not determined by unconscious conflict or the nature of the ego defenses alone, but is strongly influenced by the degree to which the ego has remained undistorted in response to those conflicts.
Circulatory changes following adrenalectomy in the rat
Authors: F. J. IMMS, R. L. B. NEAME
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1974)

Journal Article Circulatory changes following adrenalectomy in the rat Get access F. J. IMMS, F. J. IMMS 2 2Sherrington School of Physiology, St Thomas's Hospital, London SE1. Present address: MRC Environmental Physiology Unit, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel St, London WC1. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. L. B. NEAME R. L. B. NEAME Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 8, Issue 2, March 1974, Pages 268–275, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/8.2.268 Published: 01 March 1974
Uretero-Colic Fistula: Diagnosis on a Bone Scan
Authors: BHASKARA K. RAO, BEHRAM R. PASTAKIA, LIONEL M. LIEBERMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1980)

RAO, BHASKARA K. M.D.; PASTAKIA, BEHRAM R. M.B., B.S.; LIEBERMAN, LIONEL M. M.D., Ph.D. Author Information
Progressive Systemic Sclerosis Sine Scleroderma
Authors: Gerald P. Rodnan
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Four patients, a man aged 51 and 3 women aged 59, 69, and 71, died of progressive systemic sclerosis and yet had minimal or no evidence of cutaneous disease (scleroderma). In addition to illustrating the great variability in the clinical course of progressive systemic sclerosis, these cases serve to point up the difficulties involved in the recognition of this condition prior to the development of typical skin changes. When patients are encountered with such problems as unexplained esophageal or intestinal hypomotility and malabsorption, or both, myocardial disease, and pulmonary fibrosis, the diagnosis of progressive systemic sclerosis should be suspected from certain characteristic clinical and roentgenographic findings, and may be confirmed, at least in those with intestinal disease, by the histologic examination of tissue obtained at operation.
Sodium-lithium countertransport activity in red blood cells.
Authors: P A Rutherford, T H Thomas, R Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (1990)

erythromelalgia-like conditions under secondary erythermalgia.As yet, none the less, we have not observed this association.The suggestion that the relation between con- nective tissue disorders and secondary erythermalgia is purely coincidental is highly speculative and certainly not based on scientific evidence.Dr Carmichael and colleagues state that "All is not red or white in the classification of erythromelalgia"; true enough in every clinical classification.Our objective was to clarify the existing information.We agree that the arrangement in primary and secondary erythermalgia is made merely on clinical grounds in the absence of clear cut laboratory indicators.In general, however, patients with burning pain and red swollen extremeties can be assigned with our classification.Finally, the threat of therapeutic nihilism is limited because using our classification does not interfere with common and sound therapeutic practice.
Increase in mortality in Russia in the 1990s: Time of risk factor assessment is of special importance
Authors: U. Ronellenfitsch
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Plavinski et al found that in two cohorts in St Petersburg mortality increased over the past decades in men without a university education but remained unchanged in those with one.1 In a subanalysis, mortality increased substantially over time in consumer groups with both high and low alcohol consumption while differences in mortality between the groups were much smaller. Therefore, the authors conclude, alcohol accounts only partly for the recent rise in Russian mortality.

I doubt that the study design is appropriate to detect differences in alcohol related mortality. Alcohol consumption was asked for only on recruitment, 1975-7 and 1986-8, respectively. This is of special importance for the later cohort since its recruitment coincided with Michail Gorbachev's anti-alcohol campaign, which caused a considerable decline in alcohol consumption in Russia.2 This decline, however, was shortlived, and alcohol consumption rose again quickly after the campaign's end. Therefore, many people classified as consumers of low quantities of alcohol on recruitment might have consumed considerably higher amounts during follow up and consequently been misclassified.

Alcohol consumption, in contrast to, for example, smoking or hypercholesterolaemia, seems to be, at least for cardiovascular diseases, a risk factor with a close temporal relation to the event.3 Therefore it is of special importance to assess it continuously in prospective studies.

An additional limitation of the study is that it did not account for drinking patterns, which might be crucial to the effects of alcohol on cardiovascular mortality.3
Head and Neck Manifestations in Systemic Disease
Authors: Robert H. Maisel
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Angiotensin 1-7 and Mas decrease thrombosis in Bdkrb2−/− mice by increasing NO and prostacyclin to reduce platelet spreading and glycoprotein VI activation
Authors: Chao Fang, Evi Stavrou, Alec A. Schmaier, Nadja Grobe, Mariana Morris, Andrew Chen, Marvin T. Nieman, Gregory N. Adams, Gretchen LaRusch, Yihua Zhou, Matthew L. Bilodeau, Fakhri Mahdi, Mark Warnock, Alvin H. Schmaier
Journal: Blood (2013)
Most patients at risk of stroke fail to get adequate anticoagulation
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Only 10% of patients with atrial fibrillation who were admitted with a stroke to centres in Ontario, Canada, had warfarin concentrations in the therapeutic range, warns a study that demonstrates the high risk associated with inadequate anticoagulation.

The researchers reviewed data from the registry of the Canadian Stroke Network, which had information on 597 patients who had known atrial fibrillation or who were classified as being at high risk of systemic emboli and who had no contraindications to anticoagulation. They were admitted with a first acute ischaemic …
Changing behaviour with a human factors approach
Authors: R. Flin, M. Bromiley, P. Buckle, J. Reid
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The Francis report identified multiple problems relating to the safety culture of Stafford Hospital during 2005-09.1 In a safe culture, system leaders are sensitive to the unintended consequences of policy, and staff at every level share responsibility for safety.2

The aviation industry began to recognise 30 years ago that certain behaviours were …
Zolpidem in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Authors: Antonio Daniele, Elena Moro, Anna Rita Bentivoglio
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Progressive supranuclear palsy is an atypical Parkinsonian syndrome characterized by motor symptoms (voluntary-eye-movement abnormalities, akinesia, rigidity, postural instability, dysarthria, and dysphagia), personality changes, and cognitive impairment. It is refractory to pharmacologic treatment. Since reduced neurotransmission of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the striatum and globus pallidus could contribute to the symptoms of progres-sive supranuclear palsy, drugs that act specifically on the GABAergic systems in the basal ganglia might be helpful in the disorder.1 Zolpidem, a short-acting hypnotic drug, can improve motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease.2 This GABAergic drug is a selective agonist of the benzodiazepine subtype . . .
Delivery of MDR1 Small Interfering RNA by Self-Complementary Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vector
Authors: Dong Xu, Doug McCarty, Alda Fernandes, Michael Fisher, R.J. Samulski, R.L. Juliano
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are potentially powerful tools for therapeutic gene regulation. DNA cassettes encoding RNA polymerase III promoter-driven hairpin siRNAs allow long-term expression of siRNA in targeted cells. A variety of viral vectors have been used to deliver such cassettes to cells. Here we report on the development and use of a self-complementary recombinant adeno-associated virus (scAAV) vector for siRNA delivery into mammalian cells. We demonstrate that this modified vector efficiently delivers siRNA into multidrug-resistant human breast and oral cancer cells and suppresses MDR1 gene expression. This results in rapid, profound, and durable reduction in the expression of the P-glycoprotein multidrug transporter and a substantial reversion of the drug-resistant phenotype. This research suggests that scAAV-based vectors can be very effective agents for efficient delivery of therapeutic siRNA.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder, Worries about Illness, and Hypochondriacal Fears and Beliefs
Authors: Vladan Starcevic, Stephanie Fallon, E.H. Uhlenhuth, Dorothy Pathak
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1994)

In order to compare hypochondriacal phenomena in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and panic disorder (PD), and in order to examine the relationship between worries about illness on one hand, and disease fears/phobias and hypochondriacal beliefs on the other, the authors administered the Illness Attitudes Scales to patients with both GAD and PD, and determined the spheres of worry in patients with GAD. Patients with GAD were significantly less hypochondriacal than PD patients. A specific relationship between GAD and hypochondriasis was not found because worries about illness, which characterize some GAD patients, were largely independent from disease fears/phobias and hypochondriacal beliefs, which are a hallmark of hypochondriasis.
Thyroid function after subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism.
Authors: D Evered, E T Young, W M Tunbridge, B J Ormston, E Green, V B Petersen, P H Dickinson
Journal: BMJ (1975)

Among 76 patients who had had a subtotal thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism from one to seven years previously recurrent hyperthyroidism was found in three and hypothyroidism in 13. The remaining 60 subjects were clinically euthyroid but a raised level of serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH; greater than 5-0 mu U/ml) was found in 39. Analysis of the data showed that their serum thyroxine was significantly lower than in the subjects with a normal TSH. The serum triiodothyronine (T-3) was similar in both groups. It is concluded that subjects with a raised TSH remain clinically euthyroid by maintaining a normal serum T-3 concentration. There was no evidence of any long-term progressive deterioration of thyroid function after subtotal thyroidectomy.
BMA secretary threatens to sue representatives
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

BMA secretary Jeremy Strachan threatened to sue the chairman of the representative body and members of the meeting's agenda committee during the association's annual meeting because, he claimed, the wording of one of the motions criticising him was libellous.

The motion, from the Eastern regional junior doctors' committee, criticised Mr Strachan for proposing to change the terms and …
Clinical evaluation (Phase I) of a human monoclonal antibody against hepatitis C virus: Safety and antiviral activity
Authors: Eithan Galun, Norah A. Terrault, Rachel Eren, Arie Zauberman, Ofer Nussbaum, Dov Terkieltaub, Meirav Zohar, Rachel Buchnik, Zvi Ackerman, Rifaat Safadi, Yaffa Ashur, Sara Misrachi, Yael Liberman, Ludmila Rivkin, Shlomo Dagan
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)