tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ulceration and Perforation of the Nasal Septum in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Hilda Alcalá, Donato Alarcón-Segovia
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

IN the two patients described below, ulceration and subsequent perforation of the nasal septum developed at the same time as acute exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus. Review of records from this institution revealed a third, similar case. No other cases of such occurrence were found in the literature.Case ReportsCase 1. A 25-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital in March, 1966. For 8 years she had noticed Raynaud's phenomenon later turning to persistent acrocyanosis. Since 1960, she had had episodes of erythematous rash, alopecia, sore throat, polyarthritis, fever and weight loss. In 1 episode 2 months before admission . . .
Letter: Psychogeriatric ward for mentally disturbed elderly patients.
Authors: D M Prinsley
Journal: BMJ (1973)

decision to reduce the birth rate, irrespective of -the consequences such *masures may have on the life dt an individual.When ad- vising procedures wvhich "penranently" deny procreation, it is important that the physician be -not carried away with his own enthusiasm for the operation and by his public-spiritedness.The paramount concern, as always, should be the future happiness and emotional stability of his patient.-Weare, etc.,
Mexiletine in the Treatment of Diabetic Neuropathy
Authors: Hilmar Stracke, Ulrike E Meyer, Helmut E Schumacher, Konrad Federlin
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

OBJECTIVE To prove the efficacy of mexiletine in painful diabetic neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Treatment was provided in three dosages. For pain measurements, a VAS and McGill's verbal rating scale were chosen. Ninety-five patients were included in the study. RESULTS A global assessment of the VAS among patients showed no differences between mexiletine treatment and placebo. The total evaluation (PRIT) of the McGill scale fell just below the level of significance. More specific exploratory evaluations of subclasses of the McGill scale, representing different degrees of pain, gave remarkable differences between mexiletine and placebo in sensory and miscellaneous items. In special subgroups, which were formed according to types and courses of complaints compiled at the beginning of this evaluation, the substantial advantages of the mexiletine treatment were shown with both the VAS and the McGill scale. CONCLUSIONS Evidence strongly indicates that, in particular, those patients with stabbing or burning pain, heat sensations, or formication will benefit most by mexiletine therapy. Concerning the dosage, a medium regimen of 450 mg/day seems to be appropriate. With an increase in the antiarryhthmic dosage level, the efficacy does not rise proportionally. Mexiletine proved to be a safe therapy with negligible side effects at the medium dose range, even &amp;lt; placebo; and remarkably, no cardiovascular side effects were noted. Further studies should avoid global assessments and pay more attention to the variety of complaints and quality of life.
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia in dogs. Effects of phasic afferents and chemostimulation.
Authors: B E Shykoff, S S Naqvi, A S Menon, A S Slutsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

We examined the hypothesis that respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) is primarily a central phenomenon and thus that RSA is directly correlated with respiratory controller output. RSA was measured in nine anesthetized dogs, first during spontaneous breathing (SB) and then during constant flow ventilation (CFV), a technique whereby phasic chest wall movements and thoracic pressure swings are eliminated. Measurements of the heart rate and of the moving time averaged (MTA) phrenic neurogram during these two ventilatory modes were made during progressive hypercapnia and progressive hypoxia. RSA divided by the MTA phrenic amplitude (RSAa) showed a power-law relationship with both arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure (PaCO2) and oxygen saturation (SaO2), but with different exponents for different conditions. However, the power-law relation between RSAa and respiratory frequency had an exponent indistinguishable from -2 whether hypoxia or hypercapnia was the stimulus for increased respiratory drive, and during both CFV and spontaneous breathing (-1.9 +/- 0.4, hypoxia, SB; -1.8 +/- 0.7, hypoxia, CFV; -2.1 +/- 0.8, hypercapnia, SB; -1.9 +/- 0.7, hypercapnia, CFV). We conclude that respiratory sinus arrhythmia is centrally mediated and directly related to respiratory drive, and that changes in blood gases and phasic afferent signals affect RSA primarily by influencing respiratory drive.
UK needs vaccine to protect against HPV types causing recurrent respiratory papillomatosis
Authors: M. P. Rothera, D. M. Albert, O. R. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

We are pleased that the Department of Health is reviewing which human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine to use in the national immunisation programme.1 As Jit and colleagues state, deciding between the bivalent and the quadrivalent vaccine is not straightforward. We would like to contribute to the decision making process by highlighting our experience of treating …
JAMA appoints woman editor
Authors: S. Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (1999)

JAMA, the journal of the American Medical Association (AMA), appointed a new editor—the first woman and the first paediatrician in its 116 year history—and pledged to maintain strict independence for the publication's editorial process.

“Editorial freedom is essential,” said Dr Catherine DeAngelis, a dean of academic affairs at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, in …
Accuracy of Acoustic Rhinometry Versus Computed Tomography in the Evaluation of Nasal Cavity in Patients with Nasal Polyposis
Authors: R MUNOZCANO, R SALVADOR, A VALERO, J BERENGUER, I ALOBID, J BARTRA, J GUILEMANY, J MULLOL, C PICADO
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
507. Modeling Adeno-Associated Virus 2 Capsid for the Identification of Targeting Ligands for Enhanced Gene Transfer to Polarized Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors: April F. White, Marina Mazur, Eric J. Sorscher, Selvarangan Ponnazhagan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a common genetic disease characterized by defects in the expression of CFTR gene. Despite intensive studies on genetic, biochemical and physiological basis of this debilitating disease, pharmacokinetic interventions have only been palliative. Newer therapeutic approaches based on molecular medicine, including gene therapy, offer better hope for the treatment of CF. Adeno-associated viral vectors (AAV) are capable of stable expression with low immunogenicity. Although optimal delivery and expression of CFTR gene in human airway by AAV can phenotypically correct the disease, gene transfer efficiency is highly limited due to pathophysiological barriers in these patients. Despite the fact that alternate AAV serotype vectors have shown better transduction compared to AAV2-based vectors, global gene transfer efficiency in human airway epithelium and lung has been dismal.

Towards engineering better AAV vectors for enhanced gene delivery in human airway epithelium, we developed and characterized mutant AAV by genetic capsid modification using the well-characterized AAV2 serotype. Based on recent elucidation of AAV2 crystal structure and other targeting studies, we genetically incorporated high-affinity peptide ligands to human airway epithelium on the HI loop region of AAV2 capsid protein at amino acid 587. Six independent mutant AAV were constructed, packaged and purified containing heterologous peptide ligands previously reported to have high affinity binding to known and unknown receptors on human airway epithelial cells. The vectors were tested on non-human airway and human airway epithelial cells for enhanced infectivity. One of the mutant vectors, molecularly decorated with a peptide THALWHT, not only showed highest transduction of human airway epithelial cells but also indicated significant transduction (>105 compared to wild-type capsid) upon polarization of these cells. Interestingly, this modified vector was also able to infect these cells independently of heparan sulfate proteoglycan receptor. Ongoing in vivo characterization of this vector in preclinical CF models may lead to its therapeutic utility, and/or can be used to modify other AAV serotype capsids for enhanced gene transfer to human airway epithelium.
Radiotherapy of Soft-Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Juan A. del Regato
Journal: JAMA (1963)

IT HAS BEEN WIDELY ASSERTED that soft-tissue sarcomas are invariably radioresistant and, consequently, refractory to treatment by means of ionizing radiations. Occasionally, however, inoperable or recurrent tumors have been irradiated, carefully observed, and reported. The accumulated experience of isolated instances is sufficient to show rather clearly that the radiosensitivity of these tumors is sometimes surprisingly marked and not always related to any particular morphological character. The recorded data seem to justify the use of radiation as a routine postoperative procedure, for curative purposes, in some cases; the unexpectedly long palliation obtained in some advanced cases justifies recourse to radiotherapy when other means are no longer useful. But, a much wider experience and understanding is necessary to reaffirm and perhaps expand these impressions. Present indications are that, except in exceptional circumstances, radiotherapy should play a greater role as a surgical adjuvant rather than as a substitute for surgery.  The student of
Medicare Physician Payment Reform
Authors: Mark McClellan, Kavita Patel, Darshak Sanghavi
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Postgraduate Medical Education
Authors: E. P. Rigby
Journal: BMJ (1962)

BRITISHA J6OUN 3 radical surgery tend to modify adversely the normal course of the disease and instead may often delay healing.Spinal tuberculosis is a form of osteomyelitis and, logically, should be treated like osteomyelitis elsewhere -that is to say, by removal of all necrotic tissue, especially bony and cartilaginous sequestra.This can- not be done without wide exposure.It is difficult to believe that Pott's disease runs a different course in Nigeria, Kenya, Hong Kong, and Northern Ireland.May we therefore make a plea that the World Health Organization will take the matter up and institute field studies in countries where the disease is still rife, giving guidance on public health measures designed to eradicate the disease and advising on the quickest, safest, and surest methods of treating established cases ?
A Requirement of STAT3 DNA Binding Precludes Th-1 Immunostimulatory Gene Expression by NF-κB in Tumors
Authors: Heehyoung Lee, Jiehui Deng, Hong Xin, Yong Liu, Drew Pardoll, Hua Yu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Both STAT3 and NF-κB are persistently activated in diverse cancers and promote tumor cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, and metastasis through transcriptional activation of multiple common genes. Paradoxically, STAT3 also suppresses many NF-κB-inducible genes involved in innate and adaptive antitumor immunity in spite of elevated levels of NF-κB in tumors. In this study, we show that expression of many NF-κB downstream target genes in tumors depends on STAT3 DNA binding. When STAT3 is elevated in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells, persistently activated NF-κB interacts with STAT3 and preferentially binds to genes with STAT3-binding site(s) in promoters. A large number of NF-κB downstream genes associated with oncogenesis and chronic inflammation contain STAT3 DNA-binding site(s). However, in contrast, many genes frequently associated with antitumor immunity lack STAT3 DNA-binding site(s) and can only be activated by NF-κB when STAT3 is inhibited in tumors. The introduction of STAT3 DNA-binding sequences by site-specific mutagenesis in an immunostimulatory gene promoter allows its transcriptional activation by NF-κB in tumor cells. Furthermore, STAT3 facilitates NF-κB binding to genes that are important for tumor growth while inhibiting its binding to Th-1 immunostimulatory genes in growing tumors, including in tumor-infiltrating immune cells. The results of this study provide insight into how some of the oncogenic/inflammatory and Th-1 immunostimulatory genes are differentially regulated in cancer.
Liver disease as a risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia: An Under-recognized issue
Authors: Yusuf Yilmaz, Osman Ozdogan
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

We read with great interest the article by Newton and colleagues1 showing the presence of cognitive deficits in patients diagnosed with primary biliary cirrhosis, with a significant decline detected over a 2-year follow-up. Notably, cognitive impairment was associated with the presence of significant structural brain lesions and abnormality in dynamic blood pressure regulation.1 Although it is well established that advanced forms of liver disease are frequently accompanied by overt and global cognitive deficits (hepatic encephalopathy), the article by Newton et al. adds to the current evidence that the presence of chronic liver disease might represent an important risk factor for neuropsychological impairment. Accordingly, it has been previously demonstrated that patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection frequently show a decline in power of concentration and speed of working memory,2 and that they perform significantly worse than healthy controls on verbal learning and memory.3 Other evidence suggesting a relation between liver and brain function include the observation that liver-derived circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 affects crucial aspects of mature brain function, and may exert a significant procognitive function in adults.4 Besides this evidence, we believe that another important issue that may merit further investigation in future studies is the potential association between the presence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the development of cognitive decline in adults. Accordingly, previous studies have shown that patients with NAFLD have an increased risk of carotid atherosclerosis as compared to controls,5 and increased carotid intima media thickness has been in turn associated with cognitive impairment.6 In addition, patients with NAFLD have been reported to have high prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome,7 which is considered a predictor of future cognitive decline.8 Finally, it is noteworthy that recent studies found that elevated gamma glutamyltransferase, a common biochemical finding in NAFLD, may be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease by promoting oxidative stress.9 Although the association between NAFLD with cognitive decline certainly merits further investigation, we believe that the evidence presented here underlines the importance to perform a longitudinal evaluation of cognitive function in all patients suffering from chronic liver disease. Yusuf Yilmaz [email protected]*, Osman Ozdogan*, * Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University, School of Medicine,, Istanbul, Turkey.
Diagnostic Procedures in Gastroenterology
Authors: Duane W. Taebel
Journal: JAMA (1968)

As the editor of this book indicates, the purpose of orificial probings with tubes and instruments is similar to the surgeon's exploratory surgery though the abdominal wall in that the observations of both aim to establish the cause of gastrointestinal ills. As with the surgical approach, a rigid adherence to technique by those doing these probings is essential if the observations are to be significantly productive and reproducible. This book, parts of which were available in manual form to gastroenterology fellows at the Cleveland Clinic, describes the technique of various gastrointestinal diagnostic procedures, their indications and contraindications, and includes a limited amount of interpretative data. Nurse's notes after each procedure outline the necessary equipment, preparation, and postprocedural routines. This section alone will be invaluable in many facilities and emphasizes again the analogy to surgery where especially trained and well-informed personnel enhance the success of the procedure. Many chapters have introductory
Urologist is jailed after admitting manslaughter of woman with kidney infection
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A consultant urologist has been jailed for two years after admitting manslaughter over the death of a 37 year old single mother and altering notes to try to cover up his failings.

Sudhanshu Garg, who was in his first consultant post, was on call at Bradford Royal Infirmary over the August bank holiday weekend in 2008 when Lisa Quinn was admitted on Friday 22 August with a kidney infection. Before that, the court was told, she was a fit and healthy young mother.

Garg, 44, saw her 24 hours after she was …
Detection, localization, and quantitation of bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation. An in vitro two-dimensional color-Doppler flow-mapping study.
Authors: B F Vandenberg, K C Dellsperger, K B Chandran, R E Kerber
Journal: Circulation (1988)

The usefulness of two-dimensional color-Doppler flow-imaging (2D Doppler) in the detection, localization, and quantitation of bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation is uncertain. Mitral bioprostheses, before and after the creation of transvalvular (n = 33), paravalvular (n = 17), or combined (n = 23) defects, were mounted in a pulsed duplication system (flow rates, 2.5-6.5 l/min; pulse rate, 70 beats/min). An Aloka 880 2D Doppler system (Japan) was used to image the regurgitant jets in the simulated left atrial chamber, analogous to images obtained with transesophageal echocardiography. Jet area was corrected to an estimate of stroke volume: 2D Doppler measurements were divided by [(valve effective orifice area) X (continuous-wave Doppler-determined mean diastolic filling velocity)]/pulse rate. Regurgitant fraction and regurgitant volume were measured by an electromagnetic flow probe. 2D Doppler correctly identified the presence and location of paravalvular regurgitation. In transvalvular and combined transvalvular-paravalvular defects, there were six incorrect interpretations, all having transvalvular regurgitant volumes less than 4 ml/beat. In the presence of transvalvular regurgitation, jet area, length, and width correlated linearly with regurgitant volume (r = 0.82, 0.80, and 0.68, respectively; p less than 0.0001) and regurgitant fraction (r = 0.62, 0.61, and 0.45, respectively; p less than 0.001). Correlations with regurgitant fraction were improved when 2D Doppler measurements were corrected for stroke volume (r = 0.78, 0.79, and 0.67, respectively; p less than 0.0001). Mitral bioprostheses with transvalvular defects were also studied at varying flow rates (3.2-7.5 l/min) and pulse rates (70, 90, and 110 beats/min). The correlation between jet area and regurgitant volume was improved with a second-order polynomial regression (r = 0.93, p less than 0.0001). Our conclusions are that 1) in this in vitro model analogous to transesophageal imaging, 2D Doppler accurately detects and localizes bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation; 2) in transvalvular bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation, 2D Doppler measurement of jet area has a curvilinear relation with regurgitant volume, and correlation with regurgitant fraction is improved with correction for stroke volume; and 3) in paravalvular bioprosthetic mitral valve regurgitation, correlations between 2D Doppler measurements and regurgitant volumes are weaker, possibly because of jet eccentricity.
1166-210 Silent atrial fibrillation: An important contributor to total burden of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted, County, MN (1980–1989)
Authors: Marion E Barnes, Yoko Miyasaka, A.Gabriela Rosales, Kent R Bailey, James B Seward, Bernard J Gersh, Teresa S.M Tsang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Prognostic Biomarkers in a Series of Stage II Colon Cancer
Authors: Cristina Santos, Marta Terricabras, Adriana Lopez-Doriga, Sara Gonzalez, Anna Fernández, Maria Martinez-Iniesta, Xavier Sanjuan, David García-Molleví, Alberto Villanueva, Alexandre Teule, Martínez-Villacampa Merche, Gemma Soler, Esther Kreisler, Victor Moreno, Sebastiano Biondo, Gabriel Capellá, Ramon Salazar
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Photographing Jejunal Biopsy Specimens
Authors: W. O. Whittaker
Journal: BMJ (1967)

CorsonecEDICAL JOURNAL eight-hourly, and then orally increasing from 5 to 15 mg.eight-hourly.His restlessness, vomit- ing, and abdominal discomfort progressively in- creased.When his six-hourly dose had been reduced to 5 mg. he stole a tin labelled " Palfium" (dextromoramide) from the ward trolley and was abusive when he found it empty.At this time he began to refuse the dummy tab- lets, which he described as useless.It was of interest, however, that when his symptoms became severe he would still accept them and they produced a slight and temporary effect in that they appeared to reduce his restlessness at night and enabled him to go to sleep for short periods.He eventually reacted to treatment by
492 ENDOSCOPIC MANAGEMENT OF POST-LIVER- TRANSPLANT BILIARY COMPLICATIONS
Authors: C. Sanna, C. Giordanino, C. Barletti, D. Reggio, A. Repici, M. Salizzoni, A. Ricchiuti, I. Giono, M. Rizzetto, G. Saracco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Authors' reply to Davis and Dietrich
Authors: J. D. Abramson, H. G. Rosenberg, N. Jewell, J. M. Wright
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Davis and Dietrich raise important concerns about our analysis of the effect of statins in people at low risk of cardiovascular disease.1 2

On the basis of Cholesterol Treatment Trialists’ (CTT) data published in 2012,3 we showed that statins do not reduce overall mortality in people with less than a 20% 10 year risk of a major vascular event. Davis and Dietrich are correct that all cause mortality was significantly reduced in patients treated with rosuvastatin compared with controls in the JUPITER trial.4 However, the data from this study were included in the CTT meta-analysis of 2012, so singling out the all cause mortality findings from this study alone would undermine the purpose of the meta-analysis.

That said, other aspects of the JUPITER trial merit consideration. At the time that the study was prematurely stopped, the number of deaths from cardiovascular causes (myocardial infarction and …
Genome-wide identification of Ikaros targets elucidates its contribution to mouse B-cell lineage specification and pre-B–cell differentiation
Authors: Isabel Ferreirós-Vidal, Thomas Carroll, Benjamin Taylor, Anna Terry, Ziwei Liang, Ludovica Bruno, Gopuraja Dharmalingam, Sanjay Khadayate, Bradley S. Cobb, Stephen T. Smale, Mikhail Spivakov, Prashant Srivastava, Enrico Petretto, Amanda G. Fisher, Matthias Merkenschlager
Journal: Blood (2013)