tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factors influencing the effect of age on prognosis in breast cancer: population based study Commentary: much still to learn about relations between tumour biology, prognosis, and treatment outcome in early breast cancer
Authors: Niels Kroman, Maj-Britt Jensen, Jan Wohlfahrt, Henning T Mouridsen, Per Kragh Andersen, Mads Melbye
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To investigate whether young age at diagnosis is a negative prognostic factor in primary breast cancer and how stage of disease at diagnosis and treatment influences such an association. <b>Design:</b> Retrospective cohort study based on a population based database of patients with breast cancer containing detailed information on tumour characteristics, treatment regimens, and survival. <b>Setting:</b> Denmark. <b>Subjects:</b> 10 356 women with primary breast cancer who were less than 50 years old at diagnosis. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Relative risk of dying within the first 10 years after diagnosis according to age at diagnosis after adjustment for known prognostic factors and expected mortality. <b>Results:</b> Overall, young women with low risk disease who did not receive adjuvant treatment had a significantly increased risk of dying; risk increased with decreasing age at diagnosis (adjusted relative risk: 45-49 years (reference): 1; 40-44 years: 1.12 (95% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.40); 35-39 years: 1.40 (1.10 to 1.78); &lt;35 years: 2.18 (1.64 to 2.89). However, no similar trend was seen in patients who received adjuvant cytotoxic treatment. The increased risk in younger women who did not receive adjuvant treatment compared with those who did remained when women were grouped according to presence of node negative disease and by tumour size. <b>Conclusion</b> The negative prognostic effect of young age is almost exclusively seen in women diagnosed with low risk disease who did not receive adjuvant cytotoxic treatment. These results suggest that young women with breast cancer, on the basis of age alone, should be regarded as high risk patients and be given adjuvant cytotoxic treatment.
Mammaglobin: a specific molecular target for immune based breast cancer therapy
Authors: Wei Li, Ningxi Zhu, Qian Wang, Timothy P. Fleming, Shaojin You
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

B30   The mammaglobin (Mam) gene encodes a novel glycoprotein with largely unknown function even though expression of the Mam gene has been widely adapted as a marker for detection of micro-metastatic foci within pathologically negative lymph nodes and occult cancer cells in circulation. Mam also provides an attractive molecular target for immune-based breast cancer therapy. To determine if Mam stays associated with the membrane of the breast cancer cells after secretion, various cell lines were incubated with fluorescence (FITC) labeled anti-Mam antibody. Strong fluorescent signals were detected on the surface of the Mam expressing breast cancer cells. The cell viability assays were conducted after the antibody binding experiments. An increased number of dead cells were demonstrated. There was no obvious binding signal and cell death detected in the Mam negative cancer and normal cells. To further verify that the specific binding of anti-Mam induces apoptotic death of breast cancer cells, (1) the Mam expressing cancer cells were fixed and stained with HE (2) the anti-Mam treated breast cancer cells were harvested and the cellular protein lysates were used for Western blot assays. Obvious 89 kDa cleavage fragments of the PARP-1 protein (activation of pro-apoptototic processes) were demonstrated in the Mam expressing cancer cells. As parallel controls, we detected no increase either in the number of apoptotic cells or the cleavage fragment of PARP-1 in the antibody incubated T47D (Mam negative breast cancer cells), human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and human aortic epithelial cells (HAEC). Our findings indicate that Mam protein, at least some if not all, directly attaches to the membrane of breast cancer cells after secretion and the specific binding of anti-Mam induces apoptotic death of the cancer cells. The function of the membrane bound Mam protein may be related to the regulation of cell apoptosis. Mam emerges as a promise target for the development of antibody-based breast cancer therapy.
Smoking and the development of allergic sensitization to aeroallergens in adults: a prospective population‐based study. The Copenhagen Allergy Study
Authors: A. Linneberg, N. Henrik Nielsen, F. Madsen, L. Frølund, A. Dirksen, T. Jørgensen
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Several cross‐sectional population‐based studies have reported a negative association between smoking and allergic sensitization to aeroallergens. In a prospective study, we investigated the association between smoking and the development (incidence) of allergic sensitization as reflected by skin prick test (SPT) positivity and specific IgE positivity. Methods: Participants in a population‐based study of 15–69‐year‐olds in 1990 were invited to a follow‐up in 1998. Thus, SPT positivity and specific IgE positivity to common aeroallergens were assessed in 734 subjects (participation rate: 69.0%) on two occasions 8 years apart. The effect of smoking on the development of allergic sensitization was adjusted for potential confounders such as age, sex, family history of hay fever, educational level, and total IgE. Results: During the follow‐up period, 58 and 33 subjects developed SPT positivity and specific IgE positivity, respectively. The risk of developing SPT positivity (adjusted odds ratio: 0.45, 95% CI 0.21–0.98) and specific IgE positivity (adjusted odds ratio: 0.62, 95% CI 0.26–1.49) was lower among sustained smokers than never‐smokers. Conclusions: In this adult population, sustained smoking was negatively associated with the development of allergic sensitization to aeroallergens during an 8‐year follow‐up. This negative association, if real, might be due to an immunosuppressive effect of smoking.
The Not-So-Silent Marks of Torture
Authors: A Moreno, M A Grodin
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Psychoanalysis, Group Psychotherapy, Group Analysis
Authors: S.H. Foulkes
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1959)

Research Articles| February 10 2010 Psychoanalysis, Group Psychotherapy, Group Analysis Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology S.H. Foulkes S.H. Foulkes London Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Acta Psychotherapeutica et Psychosomatica (1959) 7 (2-3): 119–131. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285377 Article history Published Online: February 10 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation S.H. Foulkes; Psychoanalysis, Group Psychotherapy, Group Analysis. Acta Psychotherapeutica et Psychosomatica 31 December 1959; 7 (2-3): 119–131. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285377 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsActa Psychotherapeutica et Psychosomatica Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1959Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Belarus: Results of the first representative survey
Authors: Alena Skrahina, Aksana Zalutskaya, Sahalchyk Evgeni, Andrei Astrauko, Wayne Van Gemert, Sven Hoffner, Valiantsin Rusovich, Matteo Zignol, Henadz Hurevich
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a public health threat in all countries of the former Soviet Union. In Belarus the magnitude of the problem has been unknown, given that no representative, quality-assured data exist.   Objective:  To investigate frequencies of 1st and 2nd-line anti-TB drug resistance in Minsk City, and to explore risk factors for multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB.   Methods:  Between November 2009 and August 2010 all new and previously treated patients with smear- or culture-positive TB presenting to all TB units in Minsk City were invited to take part in the study. Drug susceptibility testing (DST) for 1st-line drugs was conducted on all isolates; DST for selected 2nd-line drugs was conducted on MDR-TB isolates. External quality assessment of DST was performed at the Stockholm Supranational Reference Laboratory.   Results:  156 new and 67 previously treated TB patients were enrolled in the study. MDR-TB was found in 35.3% (95%CI: 30.8-40.0) of new patients and 76.1% (95%CI: 65.9-84.1) of those previously treated. Extensively drug resistant (XDR) TB was found in 15 of the 106 MDR-TB patients (14.2%; 95%CI: 8.1-22.3). History of previous treatment was found to be an independent predictor of MDR-TB (OR: 5.9; 95%CI: 2.9-12.0) and XDR-TB (OR: 11.1; 95%CI: 2.8-62.9). Patients under 35 years old had a 2.0 times higher odds of MDR-TB than those 35 and older (95%CI: 1.0-4.2). No association was found between MDR-TB and sex.   Conclusions:  Very high frequencies of MDR-TB and XDR-TB are documented in Minsk City. These results greatly contribute to the understanding of the burden in urban areas of Belarus and will be complemented by findings of a nationwide survey currently underway.
Abstract 19336: Chronic Vagal Nerve Stimulation Causes Weight Loss by Reducing Food Intake and Feeding Efficiency in Mice
Authors: Harald M Stauss, Daniel P Dias, Donald A Morgan, Kamal Rahmouni
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Chronic electrical vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) has emerged as a new tool to treat human diseases including obesity. Indeed, chronic VNS has been shown to cause weight loss in humans and in experimental animal models. However, the mechanisms for VNS-induced weight loss are largely unknown. We hypothesized that an increase in metabolic rate together with reduced caloric intake and reduced feeding efficiency (body weight gain per calories consumed) contribute to chronic VNS-induced weight loss or reduced weight gain. To test this hypothesis, we developed a miniaturized microprocessor-operated nerve stimulator for chronic use in conscious mice. Effectiveness of the stimulator was verified by bradycardia at stimulation frequencies above 5 Hz (3V, 1mA, 1ms pulses). Male C57Bl/6 mice (16 weeks old, standard mouse chow diet) were instrumented with nerve stimulators (3V, 1mA, 1ms pulses at 5 Hz) on the right cervical vagal nerve and body weight, food intake and metabolic rate (indirect calorimetry) were determined at baseline and weekly thereafter. After the initial post-surgical weight loss, sham animals (n=9, stimulators off) regained pre-surgical body weight within 16 days (100.0±2.7%). In contrast, mice with chronic VNS (n=12) never reestablished pre-surgical body weight (94.5±0.9% on day 16, P&lt;0.05 vs. sham). Caloric intake was significantly reduced in mice with chronic VNS compared to sham animals (74.7±2.4 vs. 84.6±4.2 kcal/week, P&lt;0.05). Likewise, mice with chronic VNS showed significantly reduced feeding efficiency compared to sham mice (2.6±2.0 vs. 10.6±2.4 mg body weight gain per kcal consumed). Oxygen consumption tended to be elevated (2734±152 vs. 2490±124 mL/kg/h, P=0.23) during the first week, but not thereafter. In conclusion reduced food intake and lower feeding efficiency contribute to reduced weight gain in mice with chronic VNS. We speculate that an initial increase in metabolic rate (assessed by oxygen consumption) may be antagonized by compensatory mechanisms in response to chronic VNS.
gamma-Aminobutyric acid (Gaba) and the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia
Authors: D P Van Kammen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1977)

gamma-Aminobutyric acid (Gaba) has been shown to influence dopamine activity in the brain. The author suggests that Gaba could be involved in the hypothesized dopamine hyperactivity in schizophrenia. He discusses pharmacological interventions that may raise Gaba-mediated function in the brain and states that further development of Gaba analogues seems clearly indicated. It is conceivable, he concludes, that these compounds could enhance the antipsychotic activity of dopamine receptor blockers, which could lead to the use of lower doses and therefore fewer extrapyramidal side effects.
Hypoglycaemia, liver necrosis and perinatal death in mice lacking all isoforms of phosphoinositide 3-kinase p85α
Authors: David A. Fruman, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis, Daniel A. Pollard, Claudine M. Yballe, Derek Brazil, Roderick T. Bronson, C. Ronald Kahn, Lewis C. Cantley
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Actin Depletion Initiates Events Leading to Granule Secretion at the Immunological Synapse
Authors: Alex T. Ritter, Yukako Asano, Jane C. Stinchcombe, N.M.G. Dieckmann, Bi-Chang Chen, C. Gawden-Bone, Schuyler van Engelenburg, Wesley Legant, Liang Gao, Michael W. Davidson, Eric Betzig, Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, Gillian M. Griffiths
Journal: Immunity (2015)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) use polarized secretion to rapidly destroy virally infected and tumor cells. To understand the temporal relationships between key events leading to secretion, we used high-resolution 4D imaging. CTLs approached targets with actin-rich projections at the leading edge, creating an initially actin-enriched contact with rearward-flowing actin. Within 1 min, cortical actin reduced across the synapse, T cell receptors (TCRs) clustered centrally to form the central supramolecular activation cluster (cSMAC), and centrosome polarization began. Granules clustered around the moving centrosome within 2.5 min and reached the synapse after 6 min. TCR-bearing intracellular vesicles were delivered to the cSMAC as the centrosome docked. We found that the centrosome and granules were delivered to an area of membrane with reduced cortical actin density and phospholipid PIP2. These data resolve the temporal order of events during synapse maturation in 4D and reveal a critical role for actin depletion in regulating secretion.
Abstract 11981: ECG-Derived Vectorcardiography Identifies Disease and Genotype Status in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Daniel Cortez, Johan Martijn Bos, Todd T Schlegel, Michael Ackerman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Vectorcardiography (VCG) has clinical prognostic and diagnostic value in various disease states. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disease state which can lead to sudden cardiac death, where genotype status has been shown to predict worse outcomes.. Hypothesis: We set out to determine the utility of vectorcardiographic parameters in one of the largest genotyped cohorts of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to determine whether they can identify genotype status. Methods: Between 1997 and 2007, research based genetic testing was performed on 1053 patients with HCM (60% males; mean age at diagnosis 44.4 years); yield of genetic testing was 34%. Of these, 967 had ECG’s appropriate for computerized derivation of VCG parameters including the spatial mean and peaks QRS-T angles, spatial ventricular gradient and the spatial QRS, QT, and Tpeak-Tend (TpTe) intervals. Results were compared against those from a group of healthy control subjects (N=418).Subsequent genotype positive versus negative comparisons were performed using paired student T-tests or Mann-Whitney U-tests as appropriate. Results: Spatial peaks and spatial mean QRS-T angles were significantly higher in HCM patients (129.3±26.4 and 121.8±38.6 degrees, respectively) than in controls (25.0±15.0 and 43.0±-21.0 degrees, respectively, p&lt;0.001). Sensitivities for HCM, based on cutoff values of 2 standard deviations above the mean values reported for control patients, were 84.5% and 81.5% for spatial peaks and spatial mean QRS-T angles, respectively. VCG predicted genotype status as genotype positive patients had significantly higher spatial peaks (132.4±-29.2 vs. 127.9±24.8 degrees; p = 0.02) and spatial mean (129.7±33.8 vs. 117.6±40.3 degrees; p&lt;0.001) QRS-T angles, spatial TpTe (118.0±40.8 vs. 107.9±48.7 ms; p&lt;0.001) as well as significantly lower spatial ventricular gradients (0.059±0.044 vs. 0.067±0.04; p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: Patients with HCM can be distinguished from normal subjects through the study of the spatial QRS-T angle. Whether incorporation of spatial peaks QRS-T angle to pre-existing genetic test prediction tools will further improve prediction of genotype status remains to be determined.
Recombinant human erythropoietin in the anemia associated with multiple myeloma or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: dose finding and identification of predictors of response
Authors: M Cazzola, D Messinger, V Battistel, D Bron, R Cimino, L Enller-Ziegler, U Essers, R Greil, A Grossi, G Jager
Journal: Blood (1995)
Electron Microscopic Examination of the MC1M Tumor. I. The Tumor in Ascites Form
Authors: A. Bergstrand, N. Ringertz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

An electron microscopic investigation of the MC1M ascites tumor is described, which shows good agreement with observations of other investigators. The cells were centrifuged, fixed with osmium, embedded in methacrylate, and sections cut for electron microscopy. The same organelles are seen in tumor cells as in all other cells, and there were no peculiarities characteristic of ascites tumor cells separating them from cells in general. Because of the intensive and abnormal metabolism of ascites tumor cells, the appearance of mitochondria received special attention. Extremely fine lamellae occurred in pairs at the same distance from each other, either concentrically around or near the nucleus or in a peripheral area of the cytoplasm in which they were also concentrically arranged around a group of mitochondria and other cell organelles. The organelles usually found in the cytoplasm were not present in areas in which these lamellae occur. The possibility that fibrils in cell cytoplasm occur in a preparatory stage of prophase is discussed.
Rethinking Patient-Physician Communication of Biopsy Results—The Waiting Game
Authors: Naveen Krishnan, Angela Fagerlin, Ted A. Skolarus
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in a Finnish garrison - a serological survey
Authors: M Aho, O Lyytikaïnen, J E Nyholm, T Kuitunen, E Rönkkö, R Santanen, T Ziegler, S Nikkari
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

In September 2009, an outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) took place in a Finnish garrison. In November 2009, we performed a serological survey among 984 recruits undergoing their military service at the garrison and related the results to self-reported upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) with or without fever. Of 346 volunteers who donated a blood sample, 169 (49%) had pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus-specific antibodies. Of those, 84 (50%) reported no recent history of URTI, suggesting that a major part of those infected with pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus may be asymptomatic.
Measuring the Effect of Risk Factors on Coronary Atherosclerosis: Coronary Calcium Score Versus Angiographic Disease Severity 11Dr. Schmermund was supported by a Grant Schm 1233/1-1 from the German Research Association (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Bonn and Grant Schm 97-1 from the Heart Center Essen Cardiovascular Research, Essen, Germany.
Authors: Axel Schmermund, Dietrich Baumgart, Günter Görge, Dietrich Grönemeyer, Rainer Seibel, Kent R. Bailey, John A. Rumberger, Dietrich Paar, Raimund Erbel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
The Viral Chemokine Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-II Is a Selective Th2 Chemoattractant
Authors: S. Sozzani, W. Luini, G. Bianchi, P. Allavena, T.N.C. Wells, M. Napolitano, G. Bernardini, A. Vecchi, D. D’Ambrosio, D. Mazzeo, F. Sinigaglia, A. Santoni, E. Maggi, S. Romagnani, A. Mantovani
Journal: Blood (1998)