tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A gender gap in primary and secondary heart dysfunctions in systemic sclerosis: a EUSTAR prospective study
Authors: Muriel Elhai, Jérôme Avouac, Ulrich A Walker, Marco Matucci-Cerinic, Gabriela Riemekasten, Paolo Airò, Eric Hachulla, Gabriele Valentini, Patricia E Carreira, Franco Cozzi, Alexandra Balbir Gurman, Yolanda Braun-Moscovici, Nemanja Damjanov, Lidia P Ananieva, Raffaella Scorza, Sergio Jimenez, Joanna Busquets, Mengtao Li, Ulf Müller-Ladner, André Kahan, Oliver Distler, Yannick Allanore
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

In agreement with other autoimmune diseases, systemic sclerosis (SSc) is associated with a strong sex bias. However, unlike lupus, the effects of sex on disease phenotype and prognosis are poorly known. Therefore, we aimed to determine sex effects on outcomes.We performed a prospective observational study using the latest 2013 data extract from the EULAR scleroderma trials and research (EUSTAR) cohort. We looked at (i) sex influence on disease characteristics at baseline and (ii) then focused on patients with at least 2 years of follow-up to estimate the effects of sex on disease progression and survival.9182 patients with SSc were available (1321 men) for the baseline analyses. In multivariate analysis, male sex was independently associated with a higher risk of diffuse cutaneous subtype (OR: 1.68, (1.45 to 1.94); p<0.001), a higher frequency of digital ulcers (OR: 1.28 (1.11 to 1.47); p<0.001) and pulmonary hypertension (OR: 3.01 (1.47 to 6.20); p<0.003). In the longitudinal analysis (n=4499), after a mean follow-up of 4.9 (±2.7) years, male sex was predictive of new onset of pulmonary hypertension (HR: 2.66 (1.32 to 5.36); p=0.006) and heart failure (HR: 2.22 (1.06 to 4.63); p=0.035). 908 deaths were recorded, male sex predicted deaths of all origins (HR: 1.48 (1.19 to 1.84); p<0.001), but did not significantly account for SSc-related deaths.Although more common in women, SSc appears as strikingly more severe in men. Our results obtained through the largest worldwide database demonstrate a higher risk of severe cardiovascular involvement in men. These results raise the point of including sex in the management and the decision-making process.
Erythrocyte Spermidine Levels in IDDM Patients
Authors: Giuseppe Seghieri, Alfredo Gironi, Piero Mammini, Lorenzo Alviggi, Lamberto A De Giorgio, Giancarlo Bartolomei, Giovanni Ignesti, Flavia Franconi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objectives To evaluate whether erythrocyte levels of polyamines spermidine and spermine (expressed in nmol/ml packed erythrocytes [PRBCs]) are modified in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and are associated with the presence of retinopathy or nephropathy. Research Design and Methods We studied erythrocyte spermidine and spermine levels in 38 IDDM patients with or without persistent microalbuminuria (urinary albumin excretion rate [AER] between 20 and 200 μg/min), macroalbuminuria (AER &amp;gt;200 μg/min), or retinopathy compared with 60 sex- and age-matched control subjects. Results Mean ± SD erythrocyte spermine content was similar in both diabetic (9.7 ± 5.5 nmol/ml PRBCs) and control (8.8 ± 3.5 nmol/ml PRBCs) subjects, whereas spermidine was higher in diabetic (19.1 ± 7.2 nmol/ml PRBCs) than in control (14.5 ± 4 nmol/ml PRBCs, P = 0.0007) subjects. Moreover, spermidine was significantly higher in the groups with microalbuminuria (n = 11, 22.5 ± 9.2 nmol/ml PRBCs) and macroalbuminuria (n = 4, 22.2 ± 5.7 nmol/ml PRBCs) than in both normoalbuminuric (n = 23, 16.9 ± 5.6 nmol/ml PRBCs) and control (F = 9.78, P = 0.0001) subjects, and correlated with log AER (r = 0.41, P = 0.009). Similarly, proliferative retinopathy was associated with a significant increase in spermidine (n = 5, 20 ± 7 nmol/ml PRBCs compared with control subjects [P = 0.0009]). Conclusions Our data suggest that erythrocyte spermidine content is increased in IDDM patients associated with both diabetic nephropathy and advanced retinopathy.
Abstract 1336: Nicotine does not promote tumor growth in preclinical mouse models of lung cancer
Authors: Colleen Maier, M. Christine Hollander, Phillip Dennis
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is a popular and effective regimen for the cessation of smoking. Expanded use of NRT is controversial based on preclinical studies that show that nicotine activates signaling pathways that promote cellular survival and proliferation. To address the tumor promoting effects of nicotine in mouse models of lung cancer, nicotine was administered in the drinking water and tested in a tobacco carcinogen-driven model (NNK), a genetically engineered model (KRasLA2), and syngeneic mouse xenografts. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed that mice had normal water consumption and achieved an average serum cotinine level of 135 ng/ml, a level comparable to that observed in NRT users. In the NNK model, nicotine was administered after 3 weekly intraperitoneal injections of NNK, and was continued for 12 wk. At the time of sacrifice, nicotine did not increase lung tumor multiplicity or size, and did not activate the Akt/mTOR pathway. In the KRasLA2 model, mice were placed on nicotine at the time of weaning. At 6 wk, there was no effect on tumor multiplicity, size, histology, or tumor biomarkers. Studies assessing the effects of nicotine on overall survival of K-RasLA2 mice are ongoing. Similar negative results were observed with nicotine administration in xenograft studies with isogenic NNK-transformed lung adenocarcinoma cell lines. To assess whether the response to nicotine might be dose-dependent, we assessed activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR, MEK/ERK, and JAK/STAT pathways in these cell lines using immunoblotting. Stimulation was only observed at concentrations higher than that observed with NRT. These results suggest nicotine at doses comparable to NRT does not promote lung tumorigenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1336. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1336
Human Metapneumovirus — An Important New Respiratory Virus
Authors: Kenneth McIntosh, Alexander J. McAdam
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Physicians who have an interest in infectious diseases know well that many infections cannot be assigned a microbial cause. This gap between what we observe and what we can explain is particularly obvious in the realm of respiratory infections. The article on human metapneumovirus infections by Williams and colleagues in this issue of the Journal (pages 443–450) represents substantial progress in bridging that gap.Our assumption has been that the gap is attributable to a combination of the insufficient sensitivity of our diagnostic tests and the existence of several as-yet-undiscovered microbes. Both of these assumptions turn out to be correct. . . .
THE ROLE OF FEMALE SEX IN THE CONTEMPORARY TREATMENT OF THE LEFT MAIN CORONARY ARTERY INSIGHTS FROM THE W– DELTA (WOMEN– DRUG ELUTING STENT FOR LEFT MAIN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE) REGISTRY
Authors: Gill Louise Buchanan, Alaide Chieffo, Emanuele Meliga, Seung–Jung Park, Yoshinobu Onuma, Piera Capranzano, Marco Valgimigli, Sanda Jegere, Raj Makkar, Igor Palacios, Pawel Buszman, Imad Sheiban, Roxana Mehran, Christoph Naber, Ronan Margey, Arvind Agnihotri, Davide Capodanno, Martin Leon, Jean Fajadet, Marie Morice, Thierry Lefevre, Andrejs Erglis, Corrado Tamburino, Patrick Serruys, Antonio Colombo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Eradication of established tumors in mice by a combination antibody-based therapy
Authors: Tomoyasu Uno, Kazuyoshi Takeda, Yuko Kojima, Hirohisa Yoshizawa, Hisaya Akiba, Robert S Mittler, Fumitake Gejyo, Ko Okumura, Hideo Yagita, Mark J Smyth
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Reducing hospital admissions
Authors: Sarah Purdy, Tom Griffin
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Guidance should be evidence based and take a holistic view of patient care

In March 2007, the National Health Service (NHS) Institute for Innovation and Improvement published a Directory of Ambulatory Emergency Care for Adults .1 The directory lists conditions that can be clinically managed outside hospital, with appropriate and prompt access to diagnostic services and specialist advice.

Admissions to hospital are an increasing source of pressure on health system resources internationally. In the NHS, changes to commissioning arrangements have increased the drive to reduce hospital admissions.2 Unplanned admissions make up 36.7% of hospital admissions in the United Kingdom (4 659 054 emergency admissions in 2005-6).3 The Department of Health has introduced a national target to reduce the number of emergency bed days by 5% by 2008.4

Most of the evidence on the cost effectiveness of reducing admissions comes from the United States. Ways to reduce admissions include case management, observation units for the evaluation of acute conditions, and the provision of home health care.5 6 Research from other countries, …
Health and social inequality in Europe Classification used in paper was misleading
Authors: J P Mackenbach, A E Kunst, D O'Reilly
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - In a recent article1 Chris Power summarised the results of two studies which we did on socioeconomic health inequalities in different industrialised countries.2,3 Unfortunately, the box summarising these results contains some inaccuracies which we would like to see corrected. Apart from the incorrect reference figures in the title of the box, the main problem is that our original distinctions in four groups of countries for the size of mortality differentials, and three groups of countries for the size of morbidity differentials, have been replaced by a simple distinction into two classes (low and high, with the intermediate …
Alternative Polyadenylation Events Contribute to the Induction of NF-ATc in Effector T Cells
Authors: Sergei Chuvpilo, Michael Zimmer, Andreas Kerstan, Judith Glöckner, Andris Avots, Cornelia Escher, Christian Fischer, Inna Inashkina, Eriks Jankevics, Friederike Berberich-Siebelt, Edgar Schmitt, Edgar Serfling
Journal: Immunity (1999)
Indwelling pericardial catheter in cardiac tamponade.
Authors: M Helliwell
Journal: BMJ (1978)

unwittingly vaccinated over the past 10 years unprotected against polio?If so, shall we have to reimmunise all these children previously given oral polio vaccine, and if not why all the present fuss ?To jab or not to jab-that is the question.Could we please havc some answers?
On not drawing the line about culture: Inconsistencies in interpretation of nonhuman cultures
Authors: Robert W. Mitchell
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Defining culture as social learning means that culture is present in many birds and mammals, suggesting that cetacean culture is not so special and does not require special explanation. Contrary to their own claims, Rendell and Whitehead present culture as having variant forms in different species, and these forms seem inconsistently applied and compared across species.
Floppy eyelid syndrome associated with obstructive sleep apnoea
Authors: R. Bilenchi, S. Poggiali, C. Pisani, G. De Aloe, P.A. Motolese, E. Motolese, P. Rottoli, C. Lombardi, R. Rocchi, M. Fimiani
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)
Horseshoe Kidney and Renovascular Hypertension Responsive to Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty
Authors: CHI V. DANG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Brief Reports1 January 1985Horseshoe Kidney and Renovascular Hypertension Responsive to Percutaneous Transluminal AngioplastyCHI V. DANG, M.D., D. WILLIAM SCHLOTT, M.D., ALAN J. S. WATSON, M.D., LUIS GIMENEZ, M.D., DAVID K. KLASSEN, M.D.CHI V. DANG, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, D. WILLIAM SCHLOTT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ALAN J. S. WATSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LUIS GIMENEZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID K. KLASSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-70 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHypertension is a rare complication of horseshoe kidney. We report the case of a patient who developed renovascular hypertension due to horseshoe kidney with several renal arteries. A segmental arterial lesion was successfully treated using percutaneous transluminal angioplasty after selective arteriography and renal vein renin localization.A 50-year-old white man was hospitalized for progressive severe hypertension. His hypertension had been controlled for 10 years with Dyazide (combination product of hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene; Smith Kline and French Company, Carolina, Puerto Rico), once daily, and subsequently with metoprolol, 50 mg/d. Nine months before admission the patient's blood pressure became persistently elevated at...References1. PITTSMUECKE WE. Horseshoe kidneys: a 40-year experience. J Urol. 1975;113:743-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GOLDENSTONEGOLDBERGERCOEL JRLM. Renovascular hypertension and horseshoe kidney. JAMA. 1976;235:2419-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1985Volume 102, Issue 1Page: 70-71KeywordsAngiographyAngioplastyBlood pressureHypertensionKidneysLesionsRenal arteriesVeins Issue Published: 1 January 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Molecular studies on primary lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency. One base deletion (G916) in exon 5 of LPL gene causes no detectable LPL protein due to the absence of LPL mRNA transcript.
Authors: A Takagi, Y Ikeda, Z Tsutsumi, T Shoji, A Yamamoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

We have systematically investigated a genetic defect resulting in a primary lipoprotein lipase (LPL) deficiency in a proband TN and his affected brother SN, both manifesting familial hyperchylomicronemia. Neither LPL activity nor immunoreactive LPL mass was detected in postheparin plasma from the two patients. Immunocytochemical and biosynthetic studies on the proband's monocyte-derived macrophages with rabbit anti-human LPL antiserum revealed that no immunochemically detectable LPL protein was found in either the cells or culture medium, whereas LPL having a molecular mass of 61 kD was detected in normal cells. No detectable LPL mRNA was identified from poly(A)+RNA of the proband's macrophages by Northern blot analysis, and grossly visible LPL gene rearrangement was not observed by Southern blot analysis. Sequence analysis of polymerase chain reaction-amplified LPL gene exons detected one base deletion of G (first position of Ala221) at base 916 in exon 5 which leads to a premature termination by a frameshift. This mutation, designated as LPLArita and resulting in the loss of an AluI restriction enzyme site, was newly identified. We further analyzed the LPL gene from the two patients and their family members by digestion with AluI. Both patients were homozygous for LPLArita allele, while their spouses did not have this mutation. As genetically expected, their children were all heterozygous for LPLArita. We conclude that primary LPL deficiency in the proband was caused by a lack of enzyme synthesis due to the absence of LPL mRNA resulting from one base deletion of G in exon 5, and that heterozygous LPLArita deficient subjects show almost half value of control LPL mass.
Association of a History of Gallbladder Disease with a Reduced Concentration of High-Density-Lipoprotein Cholesterol
Authors: Diana B. Petitti, Gary D. Friedman, Arthur L. Klatsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

WE recently reported that a history of gallbladder disease was associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction in women.1 We suggested that gallbladder disease might be an early manifestation of a lipid abnormality that also predicted myocardial infarction. In particular, we suggested that a low concentration of high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol might underlie the risk of both diseases. The association of a low concentration of HDL cholesterol with the risk of myocardial infarction is well established.2 3 4 Using data from examinations of 868 female twins, we studied the association of a history of gallbladder disease with a low concentration of HDL . . .
Clinical Observations of Possible Barbiturate Interference With Anticoagulation
Authors: Murdo G. MacDonald
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Sixty-seven bleeding reactions occurred during anticoagulant therapy. In 14 patients, enzyme induction appeared to be a factor, and two of these patients died. The records were reviewed of 52 patients who were admitted for myocardial infarction and treated with anticoagulants. Forty patients received barbiturates and showed more erratic control of anticoagulant effect (and a shorter prothrombin time in spite of a larger dose of warfarin sodium) than the group not receiving barbiturates.  Barbiturate interference with anticoagulant activity of coumarin drugs by enzyme induction is well documented in animals. Circumstantial evidence suggests that it also occurs in man. Awareness of this type of drug interaction and close attention to proper anticoagulant dose based on frequent prothrombin determinations can prevent some of the problems that occur during anticoagulant treatment.
Effective Medical Reporting
Authors: Emile Holman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —With reference to "two misconceptions about grammatical usage" in my article, permit me to accept, with reservations, the indictment referring to the word "none." However, Smart and Lang in their<i>Handbook of Effective Writing</i>state: "Some writers always use a singular verb after 'none.' This is the older practice and is still correct." But John B. Opdycke in his<i>Cyclopedia of English Use and Abuse</i>notes: "Some rule with less logic that since 'none' is a contraction of 'no one,' it should always be regarded as singular." It is apparent that usage dictates that "none" may accept a plural verb under certain circumstances, but I challenge Dr. Morgenstern to show cause why a singular verb cannot be used just as justifiably in each instance. I would consider "None of the milk is left" as less acceptable than "No milk" or "Not any milk is left." With reference
Nocturnal enuresis as a late complication of meningitis.
Authors: T McKenzie
Journal: BMJ (1971)

~2-D TETRACYCLINE01. r7~'T777METHOXYFLURANE 0 10i 20 25 3'0 ' 3 5 ' 4'0 92Postoperative days Biochemical values throughout the patient's illness.glycaemic, hypokalaemic, or hypercalcaemic.Because of the reports that this condition can occur after methoxyflurane anaesthesia he received no more of this drug.After rehydration it was noticed that the urinary urea concen- tration had fallen while the blood urea level was raised.This situation of "polyuric acute renal failure" was treated with three daily injections of nandrolone phenylpropionate 25 mg intramuscu- larly, maintenance of a high calorie intake, and encouragement of the high urine output by maintaining good hydration with a on 19 August 2023 by guest.
Spontaneous Rupture of the Spleen From Metastatic Carcinoma
Authors: William B. Rydell
Journal: JAMA (1978)

SPONTANEOUS rupture of the spleen without antecedent trauma is occasionally seen in normal spleens and in many diseases including leukemias, lymphomas, primary splenic tumors, and infectious mononucleosis. Spontaneous rupture of the spleen from metastatic carcinoma is exceedingly rare. To our knowledge, only three cases are available in the world literature. The primary sites of these tumors were the urinary bladder,<sup>1</sup>stomach, and malignant melanoma of the skin.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 48-year-old man was admitted to the hospital on Sept 13, 1977, because of weakness. A right upper lobectomy and extrapleural resection of an adherent apical extension of a poorly differentiated largecell carcinoma of the right lung had been performed on June 14, 1977. Postoperatively he had received 5,100 rads radiation to the right hemithorax. He then did well and maintained his weight until four days before admission. At this time, he became nauseated, weak, and experienced
Response of Type I Atrial Fibrillation to Atrial Pacing in Humans
Authors: Emile G. Daoud, Brett Pariseau, Mark Niebauer, Frank Bogun, Rajiva Goyal, Mark Harvey, K. Ching Man, S. Adam Strickberger, Fred Morady
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background High-density mapping studies of atrial fibrillation (AF) have suggested the presence of an excitable gap. The purpose of this study was to assess the local and left atrial response to pacing at the high right atrium during type I AF in humans. Methods and Results Pacing was performed at the high right atrium during type I AF in 24 patients in the electrophysiology laboratory. The response to pacing was assessed at cycle lengths 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ms less than the mean baseline atrial cycle length. Digitized tracings of the baseline tachycardia and the response to pacing were recorded from the high right atrium and from the distal coronary sinus. Computer analysis of these signals was used to calculate a left atrial electrogram density before, during, and after pacing. Two hundred eighty-eight segments of AF with a duration of 3.9±0.5 seconds (mean±SD) were analyzed. Local capture of the right atrium during AF was demonstrated for at least one pacing cycle length in each patient. The left atrial electrogram density was significantly greater than baseline at each pacing cycle length that resulted in local capture, except when pacing at 50 ms less than the mean AF cycle length. There was no significant change in the baseline left atrial electrogram density compared with baseline when pacing did not result in local capture of AF. Conclusions Local right atrial capture is often possible by pacing during type I AF and consistently influences the left atrial electrograms recorded in the coronary sinus. These results confirm the presence of excitable tissue in the right and left atria in type I AF.
Management of hypersensitivity reactions to anti-D immunoglobulin preparations
Authors: K. Rutkowski, S. M. Nasser
Journal: Allergy (2014)

RhD immunoglobulin G (anti-D) administered to pregnant Rh(-) women prevents Rh isoimmunization. Its use has significantly reduced the incidence of haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn previously responsible for one death in every 2200 births. In pregnancy, acute drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions including anaphylaxis can have serious deleterious effects on the mother and foetus/neonate. Women can be erroneously labelled as drug allergic as the investigation of hypersensitivity reactions in pregnancy is complex and drug challenges are usually contraindicated. We present three cases of suspected anti-D hypersensitivity clinically presenting as anaphylaxis and delayed transfusion-related reaction. We also propose a new algorithm for the investigations of such reaction. It relies on detailed history, cautious interpretation of skin tests, foetal Rh genotyping from maternal blood and, in some cases, anti-D challenges. This is not to deprive women of anti-D which might put their future pregnancies at risk.