tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 8884: Predictors of Adverse Effects on Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery for Patients with Previous History of Cerebrovascular Accident
Authors: Keiji Oi, Hiroaki Miyata, Noboru Motomura, Ryuzo Sakata, Tetsuya Yoshida, Kenji Yokoyama, Masashi Takeshita, Shinichi Takamoto
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Past history of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a serious risk factor for increased mortality and morbidity, such as CVA recurrence, after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Purpose of this study is to elucidate the independent predictors of adverse outcomes after CABG among the population with CVA history using a national database. Methods and Results: Patient data were acquired and analyzed from Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database (JCVSD) registry. 13109 patients undergoing isolated CABG between January 2008 and December 2009 were enrolled in the JCVSD registry. Of these, all the patients with CVA history were included in the analysis as study group (SG; n = 1695). Postoperative CVA occurred in 6.0% (102/1695) of SG and 2.8% (318/11414) of patients without CVA history (Control) (P&lt;.001). Operative mortality of SG and Control were 2.9% and 1.9%, respectively (P=.008). Major morbidity and mortality of SG and control were 17.4% and 12.2%, respectively (P&lt;.001). Multivariate analysis of SG identified five independent preoperative predictors for the CVA recurrence, eight for the operative mortality and 12 for the major morbidity and mortality. The analysis also identified two independent operative predictors for the CVA recurrence, four for the operative mortality and six for the major morbidity and mortality. The table shows the predictors of these adverse effects. Conclusions: Independent predictors of CVA recurrence, major morbidity and mortality were identified through subgroup analysis of the JCVSD registry. Patients who suffered CVA recurrence or other adverse effects had a greater prevalence of concomitant medical illnesses. In conclusion, use of internal mammary artery, off-pump CABG, otherwise shorter cardiopulmonary bypass time, shorter operation time and optimal numbers of distal anastomoses are effective in reducing the risk of CVA recurrence or other adverse effects on CABG for patients with CVA history.
Novel AKT Inhibitor Afuresertib In Combination With Bortezomib and Dexamethasone Demonstrates Favorable Safety Profile and Significant Clinical Activity In Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Peter M Voorhees, Andrew Spencer, Heather J. Sutherland, Michael E O'Dwyer, Shang-Yi Huang, Keith Stewart, Chb Chb, Ajai Chari, Michael Rosenzwieg, Ajay K. Nooka, Cara A Rosenbaum, Craig C Hofmeister, Deborah A Smith, Joyce M Antal, Ademi Santiago-Walker, Jennifer Gauvin, Joanna B Opalinska, Suzanne Trudel
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 1347: Efficacy of a Brief Intervention: Blood Pressure "Zones" Assessment Card and Educational Encounter With a Healthcare Provider and Reduction of Hypertension
Authors: Phyllis Reed, Steven R Browning, Ardith H Davis, Kristin A Theobald
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: CDC data indicates that 30.3% of women in the United States have hypertension. Healthy People 2010 aims to reduce the incidence of hypertension to 25%. Hypothesis: Blood pressure (BP)...
Restoration of tissue factor pathway inhibitor inhibits invasion and tumor growth in a malignant meningioma cell line in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Shakuntala Kondraganti, Niranjan Yanamandra, William C. Olivero, Dzung H. Dinh, Meena Gujrati, Jasti S. Rao
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

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Malignant meningiomas constitute 10%-15% of all meningiomas. Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI-2) is a serine protease inhibitor with broad inhibitory effects, including certain matrix metalloproteinases, plasmin, tissue factor, etc. Our previous studies have revealed that TFPI-2 expression is lost during the progression of malignant gliomas and meningiomas. To investigate the role of TFPI-2 in the invasiveness of meningiomas, we stably transfected the human malignant meningioma cell line IOMM with a vector capable of expressing a transcript complimentary to the full-length of TFPI-2 mRNA in a sense orientation. Restoration of TFPI-2 led to decreased invasive behavior of IOMM cells when compared to parental and vector controls in Matrigel and spheroid invasion assays. During in vitro angiogenesis, IOMM cells co-cultured with human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) showed vascular network formation after 48-72 h. In contrast, this capillary-like structure formation was inhibited when HUVEC cells were co-cultured with sense TFPI-2 stable IOMM cells. Similar findings were observed using the dorsal skin fold assay, an in vivo angiogenesis model. Western blot analysis showed that increased expression of TFPI-2 leads to increased expression of BAX, caspase-3 and cytochrome C as compared to the controls. In contrast, decreased expression of XIAP, a X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis, was observed. Finally, TFPI-2 overexpression inhibited tumor formation in nude mice. Our data substantiate our previous observations that TFPI-2 plays an important role in tumor progression and has potential as a target for anticancer therapy.
TERT Gene Promoter Mutations In Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)
Authors: Caterina Matteucci, Tamara Iannotti, Lucia Brandimarte, Valeria Nofrini, Gianluca Barba, Antonella Sgura, Francesco Berardinelli, Filomena Nozza, Valeria Di Battista, Cristina Mecucci
Journal: Blood (2013)
Radiation Dose Reduction and Coronary Assessability of Prospective Electrocardiogram-Gated Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography
Authors: Takao Maruyama, Masanori Takada, Toshiaki Hasuike, Atsushi Yoshikawa, Eiji Namimatsu, Tohru Yoshizumi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Abstract 13070: Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes in Japanese Women With Acute Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Toshiaki Toyota, Natsuhiko Ehara, Shuichiro Kaji, Makoto Kinoshita, Atsushi Yamamuro, Takeshi Kitai, Kitae Kim, Atsushi Kobori, Tomoko Tani, Toru Kita, Yutaka Furukawa, Shunsuke Funakoshi, Takeshi Morimoto, Takeshi Kimura
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Previous studies have shown higher mortality in women than in men with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Limited data are available for sex-based differences in patients with AMI under...
Geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors induce p27 accumulation and G1 arrest in human breast cancer cell lines independently of Rb status and expression levels of Erb1, 2, 3 and 4
Authors: Michelle Blaskovich, Cynthia Bucher, Van Thai, Hairuo Peng, Dora Carrico, Stacy Moulder, Andrew D. Hamilton, Said M. Sebti
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

3864   Several peptidomimetics such as GGTI-2431 were designed based on the C-terminal CAAL tetrapeptide sequence of geranylgeranyltransferase I (GGTase I) substrates. GGTI-2431 inhibited GGTase I potently (IC50 = 20nM) and selectively over the closely related enzyme farnesyltransferase (FTase) (IC50 = 170μM). Enzyme kinetic studies demonstrated that GGTI-2431 inhibits GGTase I in a competitive manner to the CAAL tetrapeptide. The effects of GGTI-2431 on signaling pathways and cell cycle progression was determined in 6 human breast cancer cell lines over-expressing various levels of ErbB receptors: MDA-MB-231 (ErbB1 & 2), MDA-MB-468 (ErbB1), BT474 (ErbB2), MCF-7 (ErbB4), Sk-Br3 (ErbB2), MDA-MB-453 (ErbB2 &3). Regardless of the ErbB expression level status, GGTI-2431 induced G1 arrest in all cell lines except MDA-MB-453. Induction of Rb hypophosphorylation was not necessary for G1 arrest since GGTI-2431 did not induce Rb hypophosphorylation in all cell lines and in some cell lines Rb was not present. GGTI-2431 also increased p27 protein levels in all 6 cell lines. GGTI-2431 inhibited tyrosine phosphorylation levels of STAT3 and Akt only in MDA-MB-468. In contrast, P-ERK 1/2 levels were decreased in MDA-MB-231, MD-MB-468 and MCF-7. Thus, our results demonstrate that inhibition of protein geranylgeranylation in breast cancer cells induces G1 block and increases p27 in a manner independent of ErbB receptor overexpression, functional Rb status, and oncogenic signaling pathways such as P-STAT3, P-Akt and P-Erk1/2. (This work was partially supported by NCI grant CA67771.)
Abstract 5016: Growth-Differentiation Factor-15 is an Independent Predictor of Cardiovascular Events and Mortality in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Tibor Kempf, Jan-Malte Sinning, Anja Quint, Christoph Bickel, Christoph Sinning, Philipp S Wild, Renate Schnabel, Edith Lubos, Hans J Rupprecht, Thomas Münzel, Helmut Drexler, Stefan Blankenberg, Kai C Wollert
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Circulating levels of the TGF β-related cytokine, growth-differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), provide independent prognostic information in patients with unstable coronary artery disease (CAD). To explore the prognostic utility of GDF-15 in patients with stable CAD, we analyzed the relation of GDF-15 to mortality and cardiovascular (CV) events in the AtheroGene registry which enrolled consecutive patients with stable angina and at least one stenosis &gt;30% in a larger coronary artery. Patients were followed for a median of 3.6 years. Serum samples for measurement of GDF-15 along with other biomarkers were available from 1352 patients. Two pre-specified cutoff points (1200 and 1800 ng/L) were used to identify different risk groups. 55.9%, 26.4%, and 17.7% of the patients presented with GDF-15 values &lt;1200 ng/L, between 1200 and 1800 ng/L, and &gt;1800 ng/L, respectively. Increasing levels of GDF-15 were related to age (P&lt;0.001), hypertension (P=0.01), diabetes mellitus (P&lt;0.001), low HDL cholesterol (P&lt;0.001), and the extent of CAD (P=0.001). Moreover, significant relations to hsCRP, troponin T, NT-proBNP, and reduced renal function (GFR) were observed (all P&lt;0.001). Increasing levels of GDF-15 were associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality (P&lt;0.001, log-rank test), CV mortality (P&lt;0.001), and CV events (P&lt;0.001). Receiver operating curve analyses confirmed GDF-15 as a strong marker of 2-year adverse outcomes (area under the curve for all-cause mortality, 0.79; CV mortality, 0.81; CV events, 0.70). By multiple Cox regression analysis, GDF-15 emerged as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 2.1 per one standard deviation of lnGDF-15 [95% CI 1.6 –2.8], P&lt;0.001), CV mortality (HR 2.2 [95% CI 1.5–3.3], P&lt;0.001), and CV events (HR 1.7 [95% CI 1.3–2.4], P=0.001) after adjustment for baseline characteristics, clinical variables, LDL/HDL ratio, hsCRP, troponin T, NT-proBNP, and GFR. Patients with a GDF-15 level above 1800 ng/L had a highly elevated risk of CV mortality even in the fully adjusted model (HR 5.2 [95% CI 1.6 –16.1], P=0.005). These data identify GDF-15 as a powerful and independent biomarker of mortality and CV events in patients with stable CAD.
Abstract 5814: Increased arterial 18F-FDG-uptake is associated with future Cardio- and Cerebrovascular Events: Initial Results of a PET-CT Study considering Age and Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Tobias Saam, Axel Rominger, Sarah Wolpers, Clemens C Cyran, Peter Bartenstein, Maximilian F Reiser, Marcus Hacker, Konstantin Nikolaou
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background Atherosclerosis is a systemic disease which is associated with increased vascular inflammation. The purpose of this study was to correlate glucose-uptake of arterial walls as measured by 18F-FDG PET-CT with the occurrence of cardio- and cerebrovascular events. Methods: 1000 tumor patients were examined by whole-body 18F-FDG PET-CT between 2004 to 2007. Patients’ clinical follow-up information could be obtained in 650 patients by telephone interviews (mean follow-up time 3,1y). In 22/650 patients (3.3%), cardio- or cerebrovascular events were registered, defined as cardiac death, myocardial infarction or revascularization and stroke. 6 out of 22 patients were not evaluable because of ongoing or prior steroid medication. In total, 16 PET-CT’s of patients with cardiovascular events could be evaluated and compared to PET-CT’s of 300 consecutive patients with known cardiovascular risk factors. Maximum standardized uptake values were measured from arterial walls of the ascending, thoracic and abdominal aorta, iliac and carotid arteries and corrected by dividing with the blood pool uptake in the vena cava (target-to-background ratio, TBR). Occurrence of events was correlated with TBR, age, cardiovascular risk factors and presence of calcified plaques using the Spearman’s correlation coefficient R. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to accommodate for differences in risk factors. Statistical significance was considered to be present when p&lt;0.01. Results: Occurrence of events was significantly correlated with coronary heart disease (R=0.33; p&lt;.001), arterial hypertension (R=0.22; p&lt;.001), presence of hard plaques (R=0.15; p=.007) and TBR values (R=0.28; p&lt;.001). No other significant correlations were found. When performing multiple regression analysis the association between the occurrence of events and TBR values/presence of coronary heart disease remained significant (p&lt;.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a higher arterial wall glucose uptake in tumor patients is associated with the occurrence of future cardio- and cerebrovascular events. TBR values as measured by 18F-FDG PET-CT could be useful for identifying high-risk patients in need of intensified medical or interventional therapy.
Patterns of contagion in self-mutilation epidemics
Authors: P M Rosen, B W Walsh
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Contagion of self-mutilation was studied in a treatment program for disturbed adolescents. Statistical analyses and a sociogram revealed that 1) episodes of contagion were significantly associated with specific pairs of subjects, and 2) a few subjects were identified as being at the center of most of the contagion activity.
Abstract 43: Association of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 with Prevalent and Incident Obesity is Independent of Inflammatory Markers: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Sadiya S Khan, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Cheelin Chan, Kiang Liu, Mary Cushman, Bryan Kestenbaum, Joachim Ix, Ian De Boer
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: In experimental animal models, deficiency of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) protects against development of obesity. In addition, elevated circulating levels of PAI-1 are associated in cross-sectional studies with prevalent obesity in humans. However, no studies have investigated the prospective association between PAI-1 and incident obesity. Methods: Plasma PAI-1 levels were measured in a random sample of men and women at baseline (2000-2002) in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) &gt; 30kg/m2. Incident obesity was identified at four follow-up exams (2002-2011) among those who were not obese at baseline. Logistic regression was used to examine the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of prevalent obesity at baseline. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for time to incident obesity. The covariates used for adjustment included baseline demographics (age, race, sex, center), lifestyle risk factors (physical activity, dietary energy intake, smoking status, alcohol consumption, education), and inflammatory markers (CRP and IL-6). Results: In 839 participants mean age was 59 years old; 59% and 47% of the cohort were female and white, respectively. At baseline, each standard deviation (SD) increase in log(PAI-1) level was associated with an odds ratio (OR) for adjusted prevalent obesity of 2.70 (95% CI: 2.21 - 3.30, p&lt;0.001. This association remained significant after further adjustment for IL-6 and CRP with OR 2.39 (95% CI: 1.94-2.94, p&lt;0.001). Over a median follow-up of 8.5 years, 16% of participants developed obesity. The multivariable adjusted hazard ratio for incident obesity was 1.36 (95% CI 1.09-1.69, p&lt;0.001) per 1 SD increase in log(PAI-1). (Table). Conclusions: Elevated PAI-1 levels are associated with prevalent and incident obesity. These findings are consistent with results from murine studies and provide evidence suggesting a potential role of PAI-1 in the pathogenesis of obesity.
An effective method of delivery of an antiangiogenic agent
Authors: Stephen D. Swenson, Fritz K. Costa, Radu O. Minea, Gary Fujii, William Ernst, Francis S. Markland
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

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Development of new therapies for metastatic breast cancer remains a critical need in the battle against this disease. Therapeutic agents from diverse sources are proving to have activity against breast cancer. Often it is not only the development of a therapeutic agent but also its effective delivery that proves problematic. We have been studying a snake venom disintegrin as an antitumor/antiangiogenic agent in a breast cancer animal model. Recently we have developed a liposomal delivery system and have shown that the disintegrin contortrostatin (CN), delivered by this mechanism, effectively limits tumor progression in an orthotopic, xenograft model of human mammary cancer in immunodeficient mice. Contortrostatin (Mr 13,500) is a homodimeric disintegrin isolated from venom of the southern copperhead snake. The homodimer possesses two RGD sites, which modulate its interaction with integrins on tumor cells and angiogenic vascular endothelial cells. We previously described the efficacy of daily intra-tumor injection of CN on breast tumor progression, but these studies employed a method of delivery that was not clinically translatable. Liposomal delivery of CN (LCN) effectively controls both tumor growth and angiogenesis, and is designed for intravenous (IV) administration of CN. The pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, platelet reactivity, immunogenicity and efficacy of LCN have been evaluated and compared with native, unencapsulated CN. Several distinct advantages of liposomal delivery of CN were observed: (i) LCN has a significantly prolonged circulatory half-life compared to native CN; (ii) LCN passively accumulates in the tumor; (iii) LCN shows no platelet reactivity; and (iv) LCN is not recognized by the immune system. In addition to these significant advantages, IV LCN is also as effective if not more so than intratumor delivery of native CN in limiting tumor growth (>75%) and in significantly reducing angiogenesis in the breast cancer animal model (reduction of angiogenesis is greater than 94%). In summary, we have developed a clinically relevant method of administering a potent antitumor agent with full retention of biological activity.
Abstract 14186: The Impact of β-blocker Selectivity on Long-term Outcomes in Congestive Heart Failure Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Yoshiaki Kubota, Kuniya Asai, Kouji Murai, Masatomo Yoshikawa, Wataru Shimizu
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common comorbidity in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). β-blocker use has been sometimes avoided in patients with CHF and C...
Hunger strikers should be treated like other patients who refuse consent to treatment
Authors: T J Hardie, A Reed
Journal: BMJ (1996)

What, therefore, is the future of acute medical care in the NHS?How should we best train and supervise our junior medical staff?Should con- sultant physicians be brought reluctantly out of their subspecialty to deal with acute medical admissions?Are consultant physicians who sub- specialise in acute medical care needed?Medicine moves on, Calman's proposals are being imple- mented, and the systems and work patterns of the past may not be ideal for the future.
Current Research and Opportunities to Address Environmental Asbestos Exposures
Authors: Danielle J. Carlin, Theodore C. Larson, Jean C. Pfau, Stephen H. Gavett, Arti Shukla, Aubrey Miller, Ronald Hines
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2015)

Asbestos-related diseases continue to result in approximately 120,000 deaths every year in the United States and worldwide. Although extensive research has been conducted on health effects of occupational exposures to asbestos, many issues related to environmental asbestos exposures remain unresolved. For example, environmental asbestos exposures associated with a former mine in Libby, Montana, have resulted in high rates of nonoccupational asbestos-related disease. Additionally, other areas with naturally occurring asbestos deposits near communities in the United States and overseas are undergoing investigations to assess exposures and potential health risks. Some of the latest public health, epidemiological, and basic research findings were presented at a workshop on asbestos at the 2014 annual meeting of the Society of Toxicology in Phoenix, Arizona. The following focus areas were discussed: a) mechanisms resulting in fibrosis and/or tumor development; b) relative toxicity of different forms of asbestos and other hazardous elongated mineral particles (EMPs); c) proper dose metrics (e.g., mass, fiber number, or surface area of fibers) when interpreting asbestos toxicity; d) asbestos exposure to susceptible populations; and e) using toxicological findings for risk assessment and remediation efforts. The workshop also featured asbestos research supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Better protection of individuals from asbestos-related health effects will require stimulation of new multidisciplinary research to further our understanding of what constitutes hazardous exposures and risk factors associated with toxicity of asbestos and other hazardous EMPs (e.g., nanomaterials).
Autochthonous cystic echinococcosis in patients who grew up in Germany
Authors: J Richter, A Orhun, B Grüner, I Müller-Stöver, S Reuter, T Romig, D Häussinger, P Kern
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

Human cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a widespread zoonosis. Cases occurring in Germany are considered to result from imported infection and it is unclear if Echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato) is still transmitted in Germany. Therefore, exposure was investigated in 15 patients with cystic echinococcosis (7 female, 8 male; age-range 16-68, with a median of 48 years) who grew up in Germany. Fourteen patients had most likely acquired their infection in rural Germany, 11 from local dogs, one from an imported dog, two without obvious dog contacts. Taking into account multiple conceivable confounding factors might also account for some of infections: contacts with imported dogs or contact with dogs during travel in highly endemic regions, and ingestion of food contaminated by worm ova, whether in Germany or abroad. However, in at least two cases autochthonous transmission is beyond doubt, because these patients had never left Germany. The long pre-symptomatic development of cystic echinococcosis does not allow for a precise evaluation of the actual epidemiological situation. Compulsory notification of human cystic echinococcosis is an important instrument in the surveillance of the disease in humans. Regular inquiries at laboratories carrying out work in the field of veterinary medicine and at slaughterhouses, supervision of dogs at risk as well as genetic investigations on the strain or species of the causal agent of cystic echinococcosis are needed.