tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 625: Flavonoid intake and risk of pancreatic cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort
Authors: Hannah Arem, Gerd Bobe, Joshua Sampson, Amy F. Subar, Yikyung Park, Harvey Risch, Albert R. Hollenbeck, Susan T. Mayne, Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Flavonoids are the most common of the plant polyphenolics and are obtained from foods such as tea, citrus and other fruits. Laboratory and animal studies suggest that through anti-oxidant properties dietary flavonoids may reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer, and the few previous epidemiologic studies on flavonoid intake and pancreatic cancer risk have shown protective associations for specific types of flavonoids. We examined the association between total flavonoid intake, six flavonoid subgroups, flavonoid-rich foods and development of exocrine pancreatic cancer among 537,104 participants in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study with complete dietary data. Men and women aged 50 to 71 years completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire at baseline (1995-1996) that ascertained diet and other lifestyle information. During follow-up through 2006 (median 10.6 years, max 11.2 years), 2379 incident pancreatic cancer cases were identified. Flavonoid intake was estimated from two databases developed from the USDA Nutrient Data laboratory. The distribution of flavonoid intake differed by sex (mean female intake 216 mg/day, range 0.41-9456; mean male intake 153 mg/day, range 0.95-6561); therefore, quintiles were based on sex specific cut-points. We used Cox proportional hazard models with age as the underlying time metric to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for pancreatic cancer. Models were adjusted for sex, smoking, diabetes, body mass index, alcohol use, and saturated fat and red meat intake. We found no association between total flavonoid intake (hazard ratio (HR)=1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.96-1.24) or the six flavonoid subgroups and risk of pancreatic cancer. Although there was no significant interaction by sex or smoking (p-interaction &amp;gt; 0.10), in stratified analyses we observed significant increased risks for total flavonoid intake among current smokers (Q5 versus Q1 HR=1.45, 95% CI 1.12-1.88, p-trend=0.002), while no such associations were evident among never (HR=1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03) or former smokers (HR=0.99, 95% CI 0.98-1.01). Among smokers flavonol and isoflavone intakes were positively associated with pancreatic cancer comparing extreme quintiles, with HRs =1.38 (95% CI 1.05-1.82, p trend=0.019) and 1.39 (95% CI 1.03-1.86, p trend=0.022) respectively. It is possible that exposures correlated to smoking but not accounted for in our analysis explain the observed associations. Our results do not support the hypothesis that flavonoid intake plays a protective role in pancreatic cancer carcinogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 625. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-625
Autoimmune Aquaporin-4 Myopathy in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum
Authors: Yong Guo, Vanda A. Lennon, Bogdan F. Gh. Popescu, Carrie Katherine Grouse, Jordan Topel, Margherita Milone, Hans Lassmann, Joseph E. Parisi, Sean J. Pittock, Dusan Stefoski, Roumen Balabanov, Claudia F. Lucchinetti
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Documentation of muscle pathology compatible with targeting of sarcolemmal aquaporin-4 (AQP4) by complement-activating IgG implies involvement of organs beyond the central nervous system in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.We report on a 51-year-old woman who had relapsing optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, AQP4-IgG seropositivity, and recurrent myalgias with hyperCKemia. A muscle biopsy revealed scattered myofibers with internal nuclei, atrophy, and regeneration but no necrosis. Mild inflammatory exudates, in endomysial and perivascular spaces, consisted of lymphocytes, histiocytes, and scattered eosinophils. The sarcolemma exhibited loss of AQP4 and deposition of IgG and complement activation products, characteristics not seen in control biopsy samples of healthy muscle and immune-mediated myopathies.Recurrent hyperCKemia accompanying AQP4-IgG seropositivity reflects targeting of skeletal muscle AQP4 by pathogenic IgG. The entity of autoimmune AQP4 myopathy extends the neuromyelitis optica spectrum beyond the central nervous system.
Neural Control of Heart Rate Is an Arrhythmia Risk Modifier in Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Peter J. Schwartz, Emilio Vanoli, Lia Crotti, Carla Spazzolini, Chiara Ferrandi, Althea Goosen, Paula Hedley, Marshall Heradien, Sara Bacchini, Annalisa Turco, Maria Teresa La Rovere, Antonella Bartoli, Alfred L. George, Paul A. Brink
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Peripheral Subresponsiveness to Human Growth Hormone in the African Pygmies
Authors: David L. Rimoin, Thomas J. Merimee, David Rabinowitz, L. L. Cavalli-Sforza, Victor A. McKusick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

The African pygmies, an ethnic group characterized by proportionate shortness of stature, attain normal plasma concentrations of human growth hormone (HGH) after arginine infusion and insulin-induced hypoglycemia. Their plasma insulin and glucose responses to these stimuli, however, are similar to those of HGH-deficient dwarfs. The administration of exogenous HGH to normal and HGH-deficient persons provokes three characteristic responses: a rise in plasma free fatty acid concentration; an increase in the plasma insulin response to arginine infusion and glucose ingestion; and a fall in the serum urea nitrogen concentration. HGH administration to 19 pygmies failed to induce any of these three responses. Sulfation-factor activity in the pygmies, however, did not differ from that found in normal controls. These observations indicate that the pygmies have endorgan subresponsiveness to the metabolic effects of HGH.
Ethical Dilemma of Mandated Contraception in Pharmaceutical Research at Catholic Medical Institutions
Authors: Murray Joseph Casey, Richard O’Brien, Marc Rendell, Todd Salzman
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2012)

The Catholic Church proscribes methods of birth control other than sexual abstinence. Although the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recognizes abstinence as an acceptable method of birth control in research studies, some pharmaceutical companies mandate the use of artificial contraceptive techniques to avoid pregnancy as a condition for participation in their studies. These requirements are unacceptable at Catholic health care institutions, leading to conflicts among institutional review boards, clinical investigators, and sponsors. Subjects may feel coerced by such mandates to adopt contraceptive techniques inconsistent with their personal situation and beliefs; women committed to celibacy or who engage exclusively in non-heterosexual activities are negatively impacted. We propose principles to insure informed consent to safeguard the rights of research subjects at Catholic institutions while mitigating this ethical conflict. At the same time, our proposal respects the interests of pharmaceutical research agencies and Catholic moral precepts, and fully abides by regulatory guidance.
Effect of computer use in the consultation on the delivery of care.
Authors: G Brownbridge, A Evans, T Wall
Journal: BMJ (1985)

The effects of the use of a computer on the delivery of care in consultations in general practice were examined. In this trial a computer system provided for the review and update of patients' medical histories, notes on doctor-patient contacts, and information on repeat prescribing. Thirty consultations in which the computer system was used and 30 consultations in which no computer was used were matched individually for the doctor consulted, the sex and age of the patient, and the presenting problem(s). Six independent general practitioners blind rated each consultation for the standard of care attained. A minor negative effect of computer use on the doctors' clinical performance was found. We suggest, however, that this small effect would disappear if a computer system was used routinely.
Prospective Randomized Comparison of Propylthiouracil
Authors: Grant Gwinup
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Forty-nine patients with Graves' disease were randomly divided into two groups. One group received propylthiouracil, 150 mg every eight hours, and the other group received propylthiouracil, 450 mg as a single daily dose. All patients' conditions were evaluated clinically and chemically at two-week intervals. The response to the divided dosage schedule was prompt and predictable, and by ten weeks all but one patient had achieved remission. The group that received the single daily dose regimen responded less favorably, and at ten weeks ten patients had failed to achieve remission (<i>P</i>&lt;.001). However, when these patients' regimens were switched to the every-eight-hour schedule, all but one patient became euthyroid in an additional four weeks. (<i>JAMA</i>239:2457-2459, 1978)
Abstract 327: Establishment of patient primary ovarian cancer xenograft models for test of anticancer agents.
Authors: Changnian Liu, Chunping Xu, Wenwei Li, Wen Zhou, Yong Liu, Rui Zhou, Ning Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract BACKGROUND Human xenograft tumor models established by transplantation of human tumor cell lines into immunodifficient mice have been routinely used for preclinical test of anticancer agents. But tumor cell lines have a relatively low transplantability, which resulted in a limited number of tumor models available for selection of right tumor modes for test of targeted therapeutics. Recently, we have developed a large number of patient primary ovarian tumor xenograft models by transplanting human fresh ovarian tumor tissues into nude mice, which have been employed for preclinical test of clinically used drugs and novel anticancer agents for their chemosensitivity screening. METHODS The fresh ovarian tumor samples were collected from local hospitals. The tumor fragments of 2-3 mm were subcutaneously implanted in the flanks of nude mice by trocar needle. Sixteen tumor fragments were grafted into four mice from one patient tumor tissue (passage 0). The clinically used drugs included cisplatin, carboplatin, paclitaxel, and docetaxel. The histology and gene sequence of the established primary tumor models were analyzed and compared with patients’ original tumors. RESULTS A total of 77 patients’ ovarian tumor samples were implanted into nude mice; and 38 primary tumor models have been established with a tumor taking rates of 49% for the first passage. The tumor taking rates were higher in the later passages ranged from approximately 85-100%. The therapeutic efficacy of the test anticancer drugs was consistent with their clinical findings. The patients’ primary ovarian tumor xenografts from all 5 passages retained a similarity in architecture, histopathological morphology, and genomic mutation status to their patients’ original tumors. CONCLUSIONS The patient primary tumor model system can provide a larger number of models for selection of right models for preclinical testing novel agents based on their anticancer mechanism. The primary tumor models retain a similarity in histology and genomic mutation status to their patients’ original tumors. They may predict more relevant clinical response rate and higher correlation with clinical findings than use of traditional xenograft models established from long-term cultured cancer cell lines. Especially, they have advantages for test of target-oriented therapeutics in new drugs development programs. Citation Format: Changnian Liu, Chunping Xu, Wenwei Li, Wen Zhou, Yong Liu, Rui Zhou, Ning Zhang. Establishment of patient primary ovarian cancer xenograft models for test of anticancer agents. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 327. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-327
The Intrinsic Control of Myocardial Contraction — Ionic Factors
Authors: G. A. Langer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE heart is an organ that is notable for its ability to adapt very rapidly to changes in demand even in the absence of extrinsic neural or humoral stimuli. One such adaptation is that of adjustment of cardiac output to alterations in venous return. The heart responds, from one beat to the next, to a change in the volume of blood returned to its chambers during diastole. A larger volume results in the development of increased force during the next systole and this response is known as the "Frank-Starling law of the heart." The physiologic basis for this response is . . .
The lonely failing heart: a case for ECM genes
Authors: M. O. Boluyt, O. H.L. Bing
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Journal Article The lonely failing heart: a case for ECM genes Get access Marvin O. Boluyt, Marvin O. Boluyt aLaboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Oscar H.L. Bing Oscar H.L. Bing * bDepartment of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and the Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA *Corresponding author. ACOS/R & D (151) Boston VA Medical Center, 150 S. Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02130, USA. Tel.: (+1-617) 232-9500, ext. 5591; fax: (+1-617) 278-4486. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 30, Issue 6, December 1995, Pages 836–840, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-6363(96)88510-5 Published: 01 December 1995 Article history Received: 14 February 1995 Accepted: 27 April 1995 Published: 01 December 1995
Regional rates of sweat evaporation during leg and arm cycling.
Authors: J H Ayling
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1986)

The rate of sweat evaporation from the arm, chest, back and thigh, aural temperature, skin temperature (arm, chest, back and thigh), heat production (derived from measurements of respiratory gas exchange) and heart rate were measured in 7 men during 15 minutes of leg or arm cycling at 32% of predicted maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max). The regional sweat evaporation rates and changes in body temperature were similar during both forms of exercise. The peak rates of sweat evaporation from the arm, chest, back and thigh were 15.7 +/- 19.8, 25.0 +/- 21.6, 28.7 +/- 22.7 and 21.0 +/- 18.2 mg.cm-2 hr-1 during leg cycling and 13.2 +/- 11.6, 22.2 +/- 14.4, 27.6 +/- 14.7 and 19.2 +/- 13.3 (SD) mg.cm-2 hr-1 respectively during arm cycling. The sweat evaporation rates from the different body regions were not significantly different from one another.
Isocapnic Hyperventilation Increases Carbon Monoxide Elimination and Oxygen Delivery
Authors: THOMAS C. KRECK, ERIN D. SHADE, WAYNE J. E. LAMM, STEVEN E. McKINNEY, MICHAEL P. HLASTALA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Hyperventilation with mixtures of O2 and CO2 has long been known to enhance carbon monoxide (CO) elimination at low HbCO levels in animals and humans. The effect of this therapy on oxygen delivery (DO2) has not been studied. Isocapnic hyperventilation utilizing mechanical ventilation may decrease cardiac output and therefore decrease DO2 while increasing CO elimination. We studied the effects of isocapnic hyperventilation on five adult mechanically ventilated sheep exposed to multiple episodes of severe CO poisoning. Five ventilatory patterns were studied: baseline minute ventilation (RR. VT), twice (2. RR) and four times (4. RR) baseline respiratory rate, and twice (2. VT) and four times (4. VT) baseline tidal volume. The mean carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) washout half-time (t1/2) was 14.3 +/- 1.6 min for RR. VT, decreasing to 9.5 +/- 0.9 min for 2. RR, 8.0 +/- 0.5 min for 2. VT, 6.2 +/- 0.5 min for 4. RR, and 5.2 +/- 0.5 min for 4. VT. DO2 was increased during hyperventilation compared with baseline ventilation for 2. VT, 4. RR, and 4. VT ventilatory patterns. Isocapnic hyperventilation, in our animal model, did not alter arterial or pulmonary blood pressures, arterial pH, or cardiac output. Isocapnic hyperventilation is a promising therapy for CO poisoning.
Paul L Allan
Authors: I. Beggs
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Paul Allan, a respected Edinburgh radiologist died suddenly at home on 12 January, aged 64, only a few months before he was due to retire. He was born and raised in Barrow-in-Furness, where his father and grandfather were general practitioners. After Stoneyhurst College, he started medical training in London, initially at University College, where he obtained a BSc in anatomy, and then at the Westminster Hospital Medical School. He graduated MB BS in 1974. Junior posts in London and Southampton followed, during which time he obtained his MRCP.

In 1976, at a performance of Manon Lescaut (Paul was a stickler for detail and would have wanted it known that it was Puccini’s Manon ), he met Helen Rosemary Hoof, an orthopaedic ward sister, who had trained at St Thomas’ Hospital. They married in 1978. Helen and his family were the bedrock of his life, and he was immensely proud of his sons, Nick and Chris.

In 1978 Paul and Helen moved to Edinburgh “for two years, before returning south,” for Paul to start training in radiology, a career choice influenced by his uncle, Sir Tom Lodge, then the doyen of British radiology. During his training Paul developed an …
Bronchodilator treatment in asthma: continuous or on demand?
Authors: A. Lawton, M. T. Lopez-Vidriero
Journal: BMJ (1992)

and implementation groups have yet to complete even this primary task.The fact that examples of "best practice" exist merely serves to show that changes can be achieved given sufficient commitment.Junior doctors have been angered bv claims of success in reducing hours below a weekly average of 83.These claims have been based, almost without exception, on payroll data; it is relatively simple to reduce the number of units of medical time that will be paid for any job while relying on the good will of juniors to perform additional, uncontracted out of hours work to cope with an unchanged workload.Juniors were further angered by the flagrant delay imposed on the release of the review body's supplementary report, which created great suspicion about the government's commitment to the new deal.4It is now 10 years since district working parties were called on to reduce all junior doctors' hours below 84 a week.By Ross's own admission this has not yet been achieved even in Wessex, the region recognised to have done the most in reducing hours in that initiative.There can be little wonder that many junior doctors consider that the new deal, though potentially a great advance in reducing hours, is currently little more than a paper exercise.Junior doctors' representatives clearly reflected these concerns when they called for a ballot to be performed.Well aware of the potential ethical implications, they have called for a form of protest action -24 hour emergency only cover at selected sites-an imposition on the NHS already occurring all too frequently as a result of its chronic under- funding.
Empyema and Thoracentesis
Authors: Wm. V. Bird
Journal: BMJ (1860)

cannot be doubted, frome the effect produced in some cases where I have administeredl it to my patients with great relief.Pereira says: "' In some cases, the frequency of thie pulse is augmented; and, in other cases, the slowness of the pulse is preceded by an increased activity of the vascular system."Dr.Sanders, in his Treatise on Pulmonary Consunmption, asserts that foxglove invariably excites the pulse, and refers to an ex- perience of two thousand cases in proof.He says that he has
RECORDING OF RIGHT HEART PRESSURES IN NORMAL SUBJECTS AND IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PULMONARY DISEASE AND VARIOUS TYPES OF CARDIO-CIRCULATORY DISEASE 1
Authors: Richard A. Bloomfield, Henry D. Lauson, Andre Cournand, Ernest S. Breed, Dickinson W. Richards
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1946)

du Coeur et des Vaisseaux, No. 9-10, Sept.-Oct. 1944.Mean pressures were meas- ured with a saline manometer.By personal communica- tion, it has been learned that auricular and ventricular pressures have been recorded more recently by a modified piezographic method.METHODS * Y 0. Cd 06 0..CO0
Early intravenous administration of metoprolol enhances myocardial salvage by thrombolysis with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator after thrombotic coronary artery occlusion in the dog by improvement of the collateral blood flow to the area at risk
Authors: Krzysztof Zmudka, Andre Aubert, Jacek Dubiel, Johan Vanhaecke, Willem Flameng, Jacek Kaczmarek, Hilaire de Geest
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Gender‐related differences in hospitalized heart failure patients
Authors: Gideon Y. Stein, Tuvia Ben‐Gal, Angelika Kremer, Tamir Bental, Danny Alon, Roman Korenfeld, Idit Yedidia, Avital Porter, Evgeny Abramson, Alexander Sagie, Shmuel Fuchs
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
A shared susceptibility locus in PLCE1 at 10q23 for gastric adenocarcinoma and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Christian C Abnet, Neal D Freedman, Nan Hu, Zhaoming Wang, Kai Yu, Xiao-Ou Shu, Jian-Min Yuan, Wei Zheng, Sanford M Dawsey, Linda M Dong, Maxwell P Lee, Ti Ding, You-Lin Qiao, Yu-Tang Gao, Woon-Puay Koh, Yong-Bing Xiang, Ze-Zhong Tang, Jin-Hu Fan, Chaoyu Wang, William Wheeler, Mitchell H Gail, Meredith Yeager, Jeff Yuenger, Amy Hutchinson, Kevin B Jacobs, Carol A Giffen, Laurie Burdett, Joseph F Fraumeni, Margaret A Tucker, Wong-Ho Chow, Alisa M Goldstein, Stephen J Chanock, Philip R Taylor
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Helicobacter pylori infection in healthy people.
Authors: B Meyer-Wyss, C Beglinger, L Baselgia, H Merki, E Renner
Journal: Gut (1991)

recruited as three volunteers from the first set of experiments were not happy to swallow an intraduodenal tube.Fluctuations in basal SMABF between different test days do, in our review, reflect acceptable physiological variations.As all determinations were performed by the same investigator (CS), the fluctuations cannot be attributed to an interobserver variabiality.(3) We have measured postprandial secretin, cholecystokinin, and gastrin concentrations for many years.8-'0We did not measure these in the present study, because we felt that the plasma concentrations did not add any new pertinent information.We acknowledge the references stated with regard to glucagon values found postprandially.Even if the glucagon dose employed induced an increase at the upper limit of physiological glucagon concentrations, we still believe that our conclusions are valid and this is underlined by the lack of change in SMABF observed in our study with this dose of glucagon.We cannot comment on the unpublished data discussed in the letter, as they are not available yet.In summary, we have presented data on specific mechanisms regulating postprandial mesenteric artery blood flow using the echo- Doppler flowmetry.Quantitative studies of postprandial hyperaemia are important for the understanding of normal physiological processes.We therefore hope that future research by various groups (as the group of Dr Wells) will be able to shed more light into the physiology and pathophysiology of intestinal blood flow regulation.