tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Mechanisms and Leukemia
Authors: Lewis Glickman
Journal: JAMA (1978)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I wish to raise a question about Sanders and Kardinal's article, "Adaptive Coping Mechanisms in Adult Acute Leukemia Patients in Remission" (238:952, 1977). They report that their patients returned each month for a week to a ward for patients with acute leukemia and experienced this return as a stress and a threat to their denial mechanism. Their leukemic patients, by continued contact with others with the same diagnosis, saw themselves as being like the other patients. Foreseeing their own death, they grieved and mourned each time another leukemic patient died. I wonder if patients with acute leukemia would be better off if they were not forced to associate with a large group of patients with the same diagnosis and not be forced to become aware of the death of each member of the group. Is it helpful to patients with acute leukemia who return to the
Indomethacin and the Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: Alexander S. Nadas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

The patent ductus-indomethacin controversy continues almost unabated. I am not certain that my advice on this subject ("Don't rush to the drugstore, yet") in a previous Journal editorial1 has been heeded. I believe, though, that the level of healthy skepticism has generally risen, and I know that thoughtful studies in laboratories and neonatal nurseries have attempted to clarify the issues. The careful observations reported by Brash et al. in this issue2 contribute considerably to our understanding of how indomethacin closes the ductus, and in which preterm infants it does so.Brash et al. confirm the dependence of plasma indomethacin levels . . .
Homocystinuria: Vitamin B_6 Dependent or Not?
Authors: GEORGE W. FRIMPTER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Editorial Notes1 July 1969Homocystinuria: Vitamin B6 Dependent or Not?GEORGE W. FRIMPTER, M.D., F.A.C.P.GEORGE W. FRIMPTER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-71-1-209 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHomocysteine arises from methionine, after "activation" as S-adenosylmethionine, and loss of the methyl group. Homocysteine normally combines with serine under influence of the enzyme cystathionine synthase, to form cystathionine. The last is cleaved on the other side of the sulfur to yield the shorter-chain sulfur amino acid, cysteine, plus homoserine. (The prefix "homo" means "one more than" or that those compounds have one more methylene, -CH2-, group than the root-name compound. Homocysteine is half of homocystine. The former, HS-CH2CH2CHNH2COOH, is one half of the latter, joined by oxidation to the disulfide to produce a symmetrical diamino, dicarboxylic acid.)In study...References1. MUDD SH, FINKELSTEIN JD, IRREVERRE F, and LASTER L: Homocystinuria: an enzymatic defect. Science 143: 1443, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. SCHIMKE RN: Low-methionine diet treatment of homocystinuria. Ann. Intern. Med. 70: 643, 1969. LinkGoogle Scholar3. BROWN C, BRENNAN C, and GORDON PH: Cystathionine synthase. Fed. Proc. 27: 782, 1968. Google Scholar4. GAULL GE, RASSIN DK, and STURMAN JA: Pyridoxine-dependency in homocystinuria. Lancet 2: 1302, 1968. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. YOSHIDA T, TADA K, YOKOYAMA Y, and ARAKAWA T: Homocystinuria of vitamin B6 dependent type. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 96: 235, 1968. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. TALLAN HH, MOORE S, and STEIN WH: L-cystathionine in human brain. J. Biol. Chem. 230: 707, 1958. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. SCHIMKE RN, MCKUSICK VA, HUANG T, and POLLACK AD: Homocystinuria. JAMA 193: 87, 1965. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: GEORGE W. FRIMPTER, M.D., F.A.C.P. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1969Volume 71, Issue 1 Page: 209-211 Keywords Amino acids Enzymes Homocystinuria Methionine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1969 PDF downloadLoading ...
Current and Future Concepts of Lung Cancer
Authors: JOHN R. BENFIELD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

We discuss here some of the last decade's diagnostic and therapeutic advances in the treatment of lung cancer, as well as current and future research objectives. Roentgenographs from selected patients illustrate the natural history of lung cancer. We present perspectives concerning selection from the growing diagnostic armamentarium, with comments upon early detection and localization of "occult" cancers with the help of flexible bronchoscopy. Operative approaches have changed over the past 4 decades; we review how and why they evolved, including perspectives concerning mediastinoscopy. There is a presentation on a radiotherapeutic research approach to oat-cell cancers and the current status of immunotherapy. Such issues as animal models available for lung cancer research emerge in the general discussion, and it becomes clear that lung cancer merits a truly interdisciplinary approach in order to bring meaningful advances to the patient's bedside.
Relation between mouth and haematogenous infection in total joint replacements
Authors: C A Bartzokas, R Johnson, M Jane, M V Martin, P K Pearce, Y Saw
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To investigate the source of infections associated with orthopaedic prostheses.Analysis of four infections of prosthetic joints with case records; minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations and sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the cell wall polypeptides of the Streptococcus sanguis isolates from the mouth and infected prostheses; examination of the patients' mouths for periodontal disease and caries.Four adults (three men) aged 58-83.For each patient the strain of S sanguis isolated from the mouth was indistinguishable from that isolated from the prosthesis. All patients had severe periodontal disease and caries.The mouth was probably the source of bacterial infection in the prosthetic joints of these patients; the route of infection was possibly haematogenous. Incipient oral infection should be treated before joint replacement, and oral health should be maintained indefinitely.
Vigorous physical activity impairs myocardial function in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and in mutation positive family members
Authors: Jørg Saberniak, Nina E. Hasselberg, Rasmus Borgquist, Pyotr G Platonov, Sebastian I. Sarvari, Hans‐Jørgen Smith, Margareth Ribe, Anders G. Holst, Thor Edvardsen, Kristina H. Haugaa
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Primary stenting optimizes the outcome of women with acute myocardial infarction: results from the CADILLAC trial
Authors: Alexandra J. Lansky, Cindy Grines, Kartik Desai, Ecatarina Cristea, Maria Corral, David Cox, Susan Gedney, John J. Griffin, Thomas Stuckey, Eulogia Garcia, Barry D. Rutherford, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Protease Inhibitor Ritonavir Inhibits Lung Cancer Cells, in Part, by Inhibition of Survivin
Authors: Anjaiah Srirangam, Monica Milani, Ranjana Mitra, Zhijun Guo, Mariangellys Rodriguez, Hitesh Kathuria, Seiji Fukuda, Anthony Rizzardi, Stephen Schmechel, David G. Skalnik, Louis M. Pelus, David A. Potter
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
The Size of the Heart during the Course of Essential Hypertension
Authors: M. KLEINFELD, J. REDISH
Journal: Circulation (1952)

Changes in cardiac size, as measured by teleroentgenogram, in the course of essential 1hy!peiten - sion were studied in 45 patients.Although the majority showed progressive cardiac enlargement from the discovery of hypertension, a goodly number revealed a stationary cardiac size for 10 or more years.Congestive heart failure was found to occur with normal heart measurements.Weight loss did not affect a reduction in cardiac size.Normal cardiac measurements for a decade or more were not unusual.Marked cardiac enlargement was present in several patients for 10 years with little functional limitation.Prognosis on the basis of cardiac size alone was unwarranted.T HIS study is primarily concerned with the changes in the size of the heart occurring ill the course of essential hy- pertension.Factors such as congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, degree and dura- tion of hypertension and loss of body weight are evaluated in relation to the size of the heart. MATERIAL AND METHODPatients were chosen from the files of the Adult Cardiac Clinic, Third (New York University) Medi- cal Division of Bellevue Hospital.All had essential hypertension, that is, persistent elevation of the diastolic pressure above 90 mm.Hg with no demonstrable cause.No other cause for heart disease was present except arteriosclerosis, which was considered a complicating factor.All patients were observed for five years or more and all had an adequate num- ber of teleroentgenograms taken over this same period.A total of 45 patients fulfilled these criteria.This group of 45 patients was arbitrarily divided into three categories depending upon the level of the blood pressure.Those patients with diastolic readings persistently between 90 mm.Hg and 120 mm.Hg were called "moderate" and those with diastolic readings higher than 120 mm.Hg were considered "marked" hypertensives.Those patients who displayed levels that varied considerably in the hypertensive range, as defined, were called "labile."For the sake of simplicity, cardiac mensuration was confined to determination of the maximum transverse diameter of the cardiac silhouette in the posteroanterior projection.The per cent deviation from the normal was obtained by comparing the maximum transverse diameter with the predicted From the Adult Cardiac Clinic, Third (New York
An audit of restorative proctocolectomy.
Authors: M R Keighley, S Grobler, I Bain
Journal: Gut (1993)

A total of 168 restorative proctocolectomies have been performed without mortality during the past nine years. Morbidity from pelvic sepsis (12%), ileoanal stricture (15%), and pouch related fistulas (16%) have become less with increasing experience of the operation. Pouch excision, which occurred in 30% of the first 50 patients was undertaken in only 4% in the last 68 patients. Despite this, intestinal obstruction (18%) continues to complicate the operation. We have abandoned restorative proctocolectomy after failed ileorectal anastomosis in patients with slow transit constipation as half have now requested pouch excision because of poor results. Failure to identify Crohn9s disease continues to influence the outcome: in 10 patients now known to have Crohn9s disease six developed post operative fistulas, three have required pouch excision. Sexual impairment has occurred in three male patients (4%). Ten women had children after operation, eight uncomplicated vaginal deliveries occurred without impaired continence. Seven of nine patients over 60 years of age have had a successful outcome. Our data also indicate that the operation may be justified in distal disease if urgency is socially inconvenient. Frequency of defecation is usually less than three per 24 hours in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis but remains variable in those with ulcerative colitis.
PTU-037 Endothelial injury and oxidative stress in patients with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis: relation to renal dysfunction and haemodynamics
Authors: H El Aggan, M Rashwan, S Abodeya, S Mahmoud
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Endothelial injury plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic renal diseases and may be related to oxidative stress. The present work was designed to study markers of endothelial injury and oxidative stress in patients with schistosomal hepatic fibrosis (SHF) in relation to renal dysfunction and haemodynamics. <h3>Methods</h3> 45 patients with SHF and 15 healthy subjects were included in the study. The severity of liver disease was assessed using Child-Pugh scoring system. According to urinary albumin excretion rate, patients with SHF were classified into 15 patients with normoalbuminuria, 15 patients with microalbuminuria and 15 patients with persistent albuminuria. Endothelial injury was assessed by plasma von Willibrand factor (vWF) activity and serum ACE levels. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured as a marker for oxidative stress. Tubular damage was determined by measuring 24-h urinary levels of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). Renal haemodynamics were assessed using Duplex-doppler ultrasonography by calculating the diastolic/systolic renal flow velocity ratio (d/s), intrarenal renal resistive index (RI) and hilar renal blood flow (RBF). <h3>Results</h3> Compared to healthy subjects, patients with SHF showed significant increases in plasma vWF activity, serum levels of ACE and MDA and urinary LAP levels (p&lt;0.05). Serum MDA and urinary LAP levels were significantly higher in patients with microalbuminuria and persistent albuminuria than in patients with normoalbuminuria while serum ACE level was significantly higher in patients with persistent albuminuria than in those with normoalbuminuria or microalbuminuria (p&lt;0.05). Patients with SHF also showed a significant increase in RI and significant decreases in d/s ratio and RBF compared with healthy subjects regardless of the severity of glomerular injury (p&lt;0.05). No statistically significant correlations were found between the severity of liver disease on one hand and plasma vWF activity, serum ACE levels, urinary LAP levels and renal haemodynamics on the other hand in patients with SHF (p&gt;0.05), while there was a significant positive correlation between serum MDA levels and Child-Pugh score in these patients (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusion</h3> Endothelial injury, possibly due to oxidative stress, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of renal dysfunction and increased renovascular impedence in SHF and in the initiation of schistosomal nephropathy in this disease. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared.
Dual Role of VAMP8 in Regulating Insulin Exocytosis and Islet β Cell Growth
Authors: Dan Zhu, Yi Zhang, Patrick P.L. Lam, Subhankar Dolai, Yunfeng Liu, Erica P. Cai, Diana Choi, Stephanie A. Schroer, Youhou Kang, Emma M. Allister, Tairan Qin, Michael B. Wheeler, Cheng-Chun Wang, Wan-Jin Hong, Minna Woo, Herbert Y. Gaisano
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
IN PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, DOOR-TO-BALLOON TIME DURING OFF-DUTY HOURS NEEDS FURTHER IMPROVEMENT
Authors: Daming Zhu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Nowwar Mustafa, William Weintraub, Ehsanur Rahman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Impact of Heat Islands on Mortality in Paris during the August 2003 Heat Wave
Authors: Karine Laaidi, Abdelkrim Zeghnoun, Bénédicte Dousset, Philippe Bretin, Stéphanie Vandentorren, Emmanuel Giraudet, Pascal Beaudeau
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Background: Heat waves have a drastic impact on urban populations, which could increase with climate change.Objectives: We evaluated new indicators of elderly people’s exposure to heat in Paris, from a public health prevention perspective, using satellite thermal images.Methods: We used a time series of 61 images from the satellites of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) taken from 1 to 13 August 2003 to produce thermal indicators of minimum, maximum, and mean surface temperatures and diurnal temperature amplitude, with different lags between the meteorological data and the health impact. Health data came from a case–control study involving 241 people ≥ 65 years of age who died in the city of Paris or the nearby suburban area of Val-de-Marne during the August 2003 heat wave, and 241 controls who were matched to cases on age, sex, and residential zone. For each person, we integrated the thermal indicators in a conditional logistic regression model, adjusted for age and other potential confounders. We computed odds ratios (ORs) comparing the 90th and 50th percentiles of the temperature differences between cases and controls for various indicators.Results: Mortality risk was significantly associated with exposure for two indicators: minimum temperatures averaged for 1–13 August [for a 0.41°C increase, OR = 2.17; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14, 4.16] and minimum temperature averaged on the day of death and the 6 preceding days (for a 0.51°C increase: OR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.03, 4.87).Conclusions: Our results support the influence of night temperatures on the health impact of heat waves in urban areas. Urban heat exposure indicators based on satellite imagery have the potential to identify areas with higher risk of death, which could inform intervention decisions by key stakeholders.
An Outbreak of Febrile Gastroenteritis Associated with Corn Contaminated by<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>
Authors: Paolo Aureli, Giovanni Carlo Fiorucci, Daniela Caroli, Giovanna Marchiaro, Oreste Novara, Leonello Leone, Stefania Salmaso
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

On May 21, 1997, numerous cases of febrile gastrointestinal illness were reported among the students and staff of two primary schools in northern Italy, all of whom had eaten at cafeterias served by the same caterer.We interviewed people who ate at the cafeterias about symptoms and foods consumed on May 20. There were no samples of foods left at the cafeterias, but we tested routine samples taken on May 20 by the caterer and environmental specimens at the catering plant. The hospitalized patients were tested for common enteropathogens and toxins.Of the 2189 persons interviewed (82 percent of those exposed), 1566 (72 percent) reported symptoms; of these, 292 (19 percent) were hospitalized. Among samples obtained from hospitalized patients, all but two of the stool specimens and all blood specimens were negative for common enteropathogens. Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from one blood specimen and from 123 of the 141 stool specimens. Consumption of a cold salad of corn and tuna was associated with the development of symptoms (relative risk, 6.19; 95 percent confidence interval, 4.81 to 7.98; P<0.001). L. monocytogenes was isolated from the caterer's sample of the salad and from environmental specimens collected from the catering plant. All listeria isolates were serotype 4b and were found to be identical on DNA analysis. Experimental contamination of sterile samples of the implicated foods showed that L. monocytogenes grew on corn when kept for at least 10 hours at 25 degrees C.Food-borne infection with L. monocytogenes can cause febrile illness with gastroenteritis in immunocompetent persons.
Psychologic Aspects of Lactation
Authors: Niles Newton, Michael Newton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE rapidity with which lactation failure spreads through human groups suggests that it is triggered by psychologic factors. For instance, national surveys indicate that the neonatal breast-feeding rate in the United States fell by almost half during just ten years.1 In the course of twenty years in Bristol, England, the number of three-month-old breast-fed infants dropped from 77 to 36 per cent.2 In an obstetric clinic in France the proportion of babies getting no breast milk increased from 31 to 51 per cent in just five years.3 This decrease is so rapid that hereditary factors could not be operative and . . .
The maize major allergen, which is responsible for food-induced allergic reactions, is a lipid transfer protein
Authors: Elide A. Pastorello, Laura Farioli, Valerio Pravettoni, Marco Ispano, Elisabetta Scibola, Chiara Trambaioli, Maria Gabriella Giuffrida, Raffaella Ansaloni, Jasminka Godovac-Zimmermann, Amedeo Conti, Donatella Fortunato, Claudio Ortolani
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Air Pollution and Emergency Department Visits for Otitis Media: A Case-Crossover Study in Edmonton, Canada
Authors: Roger Zemek, Mieczysław Szyszkowicz, Brian H. Rowe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common early childhood infections, resulting in an enormous economic burden to the health care system through unscheduled doctor visits and antibiotic prescriptions.The objective of this study was to investigate the potential association between ambient air pollution exposure and emergency department (ED) visits for OM.Ten years of ED data were obtained from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and linked to levels of air pollution: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), sulfur dioxide, and particulate matter (PM) of median aerometric diameter < or = 10 and 2.5 pm (PM10 and PM2.5 respectively). A time-stratified case-crossover technique was applied to analyze the associations between ambient air pollution and health outcomes. Conditional logistic regression analysis with the subject's identification number as a stratum variable was used to obtain odds ratios (ORs) and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals after adjustment for meteorological factors.We based the analysis on 14,527 ED visits for OM over 10 years in children 1-3 years of age. We observed statistically significant positive associations between ED visits for OM and interquartile increases in CO and NO2 levels after adjusting for ambient temperature and relative humidity. We observed the strongest associations (expressed by ORs) in the warmer months (April-September) in girls and all patients for exposure to CO and NO2, and in boys for exposure to CO, for 2 days before an OM ED visit.These results support the hypothesis that ED visits for OM are associated with ambient air pollution.
When Should Preventive Treatment Be Paid for by Health Insurance?
Authors: George J. Annas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

In the national debate about who should have health insurance, surprisingly little attention has been focused on what medical services health insurance itself should cover. Historically, discussions of this topic have centered on concepts such as basic health care or medically necessary care.1 When the power of medical diagnosis and treatment was limited, these terms had boundaries as well. As physicians' diagnostic prowess has increased, however, especially in the area of genetics, such terms have become open-ended. To avoid predictable conflicts over benefit coverage, much more precise definitions will be required, so that patients and health care providers can understand . . .
CENTRAL SOCIETY FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH
Authors: Charles A. Doan
Journal: JAMA (1941)

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