tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Exposure of human A549 and HepG2 cells to tumorigenic diol epoxides from benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,l]pyrene and effects on Mdm2 and p53
Authors: Gerd Pääjärvi, Ulla Stenius, Albrecht Seidel, Bengt Jernström
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

3040   BPDE (benzo[ a ]pyrene 7,8-dihydrodiol 9,10-epoxide) and DBPDE (dibenzo[ a,l ]pyrene 11, 12-dihydrodiol 13,14-epoxide) are mutagenic/tumorigenic metabolites of benzo[ a ]pyrene (BP) and dibenzo[ a,l ]pyrene (DBP), respectively and forms adducts with DNA. DBP is considerably more biological potent than BPDE and the most powerful polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) identified so far. The major BPDE-N 2 -dG adduct ( trans -adduct and located in the minor groove, rigid structural features) seems to distort DNA and affect proper base-pairing more than the major DBPDE-N 6 -dA adduct ( trans -adduct and intercalated, flexible structural features). The potency of DBP and similar PAH-derivatives has been ascribed to their “stealth” properties that allows their DNA adducts to escape cellular surveillance systems (damage recognition, cell cycle arrest, nucleotide excision repair (NER) ) and thus, enhance the risk of cells carrying DNA adducts to undergo replication and formation of mutations. The Mdm2 and p53 proteins are induced by many DNA damaging agents, including those derived from PAH. p53 can induce cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and play a role in global NER. Nuclear levels of p53 are controlled by an autoregulatory feedback loop and Mdm2 is believed to be the major physiological antagonist of p53 by functioning as a p53 ubiquitinase and target p53 for proteasomal degradation, and also by inhibiting the transcription factor function of p53. We have previously shown that BPDE induces Mdm2-phosphorylation in human human HepG2 hepatoblastoma cells at low (pM) concentrations, while nM concentrations of DBPDE were required to induce Mdm2. Our data also show that at higher doses of BPDE (1 μM) and DBPDE (0.1 μM) (expected to yield similar levels of adducts), Mdm2 was transcriptionally inhibited while p53 was phosphorylated on ser-15. p53 ser-15 phosphorylation and phosphorylations within the epitopes of 2A10 Mdm2 antibody were inhibited by the protein kinase inhibitor LY 294002. We report that the same low- and high-dose responses to BPDE and DBPDE occurs in human A549 lung epithelial carcinoma cells. We also show that BPDE and DBPDE gives a dose dependent ser-166 phosphorylation on Mdm2, and that the lifetime of ser-166 phosphorylated Mdm2 are much longer than that of Mdm2 phosphorylated within the epitopes of the 2A10 antibody. We suggest that the differences in effects on Mdm2 by BPDE and DBPDE may be related to the well-established structural differences of their DNA adducts, and how these adducts are recognized and processed by the NER system.
Introduction and control of three invasive mosquito species in the Netherlands, July-October 2010
Authors: E J Scholte, W Den Hartog, M Dik, B Schoelitsz, M Brooks, F Schaffner, R Foussadier, M Braks, J Beeuwkes
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

In July 2010, during routine mosquito surveillance inspections at companies that import used tires, three invasive species were found at five locations in the Netherlands: the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti), the Asian tiger mosquito (Ae. albopictus), and the American rock-pool mosquito (Ae. atropalpus). This is the first time that Ae. aegypti is reported from the Netherlands. Mosquito control was initiated one week after the first invasive mosquito was found, using adulticides and larvicides. The available data suggest that the implemented control measures have been effective for this season.
Abstract 107: Community Public Access Defibrillation Sites: Compliance with American Heart Association Recommendations
Authors: Michael J Post, Peter Cram, Dianne L Atkins
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) Trial demonstrated improved survival of cardiac arrest victims when automated external defibrillators (AEDs) were combined with CPR by lay responders. These PAD sites incorporated American Heart Association (AHA) recommended elements of a PAD site and the volunteer responders received refresher CPR/AED training. It is unknown if typical community PAD sites maintain these elements after initial program development. The Johnson County Early Defibrillation Task Force (JCEDTF) in Johnson County, IA distributed AEDs throughout the county in 2002. CPR training was provided at program initiation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the PAD sites 5 years later to assess compliance with AHA recommendations. Methods A 25 point scoring system was developed to assign numerical values to the components of a PAD site: planned and practiced response, links with local EMS, and training of rescuers. Surveys were mailed to all 39 PAD sites. Site visits with tours were conducted at each the site to confirm the survey. Sites were grouped into educational, community, or business sites. Results Thirty two surveys were returned (response rate 82%): 5 educational sites, 13 business and industrial sites and 14 community sites. The Table shows the percentage of points that each group achieved for the components of an AED program. No site had incorporated all the recommended elements: the best sites included only 2/3 of the recommendations. There was a statistical difference in CPR training, with business and industrial sites performing best. Community sites were particularly weak with CPR training. Conclusions PAD sites incorporate approximately half of the elements of an effective PAD program. Business and industrial sites perform slightly better than educational or community sites. CPR training and EMS links are the poorest areas of compliance. These results may indicate that the effectiveness of a PAD site may diminish with time. Table: Percentage of Achieved Points
Abstract 13463: High Cardiorespiratory Fitness Attenuates Risk of Short-Term Mortality After First Myocardial Infarction: The Henry Ford Hospital Exercise Testing (FIT) Project
Authors: Gabriel E Shaya, Rupert K Hung, Khurram Nasir, Roger S Blumenthal, Steven J Keteyian, Clinton A Brawner, Waqas Qureshi, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Michael J Blaha
Journal: Circulation (2014)

BACKGROUND: Cardiorespiratory fitness is an established predictor of myocardial infarction (MI), however, its effect on short-term mortality (STM) after MI has not been fully described.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 2,086 patients (62±12 years old, 39% women, 56% white), who underwent clinical treadmill stress testing at Henry Ford Hospital between 1991 and 2009 and suffered a first MI during follow-up (MI event rate = 5.6%, follow-up = 11.1±5.1 years). STM represents all-cause mortality within 28 days after MI. Patients were categorized into 4 fitness categories based on peak estimated METS achieved ( 12 METs). Logistic regression was used to assess the influence of fitness on risk of STM, adjusting for: age at baseline, gender, and race; history of smoking, obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and coronary artery disease; use of pertinent medications; stress test indication; time to MI; year of MI; and the decision to revascularize in the peri-MI period.

RESULTS: STM was 10.7% (223/2,086 total MI events), with patients more likely to be older, less fit, have a history of hypertension, have more time between stress test and incident MI, and to have undergone a revascularization procedure in the peri-MI period (p 12 METS groups respectively. Adjusted regression model showed a decrease in STM with increasing METS categories, reaching significance in the highest 2 METS categories (Table 1). A 1 MET increase in fitness was associated with a 9% risk reduction in STM (OR=0.91, 95%CI 0.85-0.96, p=0.001).

CONCLUSION: Higher baseline cardiorespiratory fitness was independently associated with a decreased risk of STM following first MI.

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Neurogenic skeletal myopathy in patients with primary cardiomyopathy.
Authors: J R Darsee, D O Nutter, L C Hopkins, S B Heymsfield
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Eleven patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and eight patients with idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy underwent extensive neuromuscular studies to determine if a skeletal myopathy is associated with uncomplicated primary cardiomyopathy. The clinical examination revealed peripheral neuropathies in six patients, but no evidence of muscle weakness or atrophy. Nerve conduction studies demonstrated a neuropathy in five of these six and in one other patient: three were in the hypertrophic group and three in the congestive group. Seven patients had abnormal electromyography, but none had characteristic myopathic changes. Of these seven patients, muscle biopsies showed denervation in two patients in the congestive group and type II atrophy in two patients in the hypertrophic group. We found no evidence of primary skeletal muscle involvement; however, neuropathic features and biopsy changes of denervation were present in both groups.
Abstract 18908: Transcutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement - 30 Day and 1 Year Outcomes Using Conscious Sedation in Patients Stratified by STS Risk Score
Authors: Anitha Rajamanickam, Sandeep Basnet, Kaylan Mucci, Ravinder Rao, Jimmy Yee, Usman Baber, George Dangas, Annapoorna Kini, David Adams, Samin Sharma
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Transcutaneous Aortic Valve Replacement [TAVR] is usually performed under general anesthesia [GA]. We sought to examine the feasibility and safety of monitored conscious sedation [CS] as opposed to GA . METHODS: 196 patients [116 self expanding and 80 balloons expandable] underwent TAVR from December 2010 to August 2012 at our institution. 1 month follow up was completed on all patients and 1 year follow up was available on 105 patients. 39 patients [20%] underwent CS. Only one patient crossed over from CS to GA. We divided the patients into 3 groups [STS &lt;8, STS of 8 to &lt;12, STS ≥ 12 with the primary endpoints of all-cause mortality at 1 month and 1 year [See Table 1] RESULTS: Though the study did not meet statistical significance due to low number of patients, there was a trend towards improved mortality with CS. Also, there was no statically significant difference with regards to procedural complications including periprocedural MI, major bleeding, emergency CABG or major vascular complications. All 5 patients with periprocedural stroke had GA. The CS patients had a shorter length of stay [5 +2.87 days] as compared to GA patients [8 days+7.86 days] CONCLUSION: Use of CS suggested an improved mortality trend in higher risk patients [STS≥ 12]. This is of great importance as complications of GA, most importantly respiratory complications, are higher in the elderly TAVR patients and these can be avoided with CS . Also CS enables us to monitor neurological status during the procedure which is of vital importance given the high rates of stroke with TAVR
Cysteinyl leukotrienes mediate lymphokine killer activity induced by NKG2D and IL-15 in cytotoxic T cells during celiac disease
Authors: Fangming Tang, Benjamin Sally, Kathryn Lesko, Valentina Discepolo, Valerie Abadie, Cezary Ciszewski, Carol Semrad, Stefano Guandalini, Sonia S. Kupfer, Bana Jabri
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2015)

Eicosanoids are inflammatory mediators that play a key but incompletely understood role in linking the innate and adaptive immune systems. Here, we show that cytotoxic effector T cells (CTLs) are capable of both producing and responding to cysteinyl leukotrienes (CystLTs), allowing for the killing of target cells in a T cell receptor–independent manner. This process is dependent on the natural killer receptor NKG2D and exposure to IL-15, a cytokine induced in distressed tissues. IL-15 and NKG2D signaling drives the up-regulation of key enzymes implicated in the synthesis of CystLTs, as well as the expression of CystLT receptors, suggesting a positive feedback loop. Finally, although the CystLT pathway has been previously linked to various allergic disorders, we provide unexpected evidence for its involvement in the pathogenesis of celiac disease (CD), a T helper 1 cell–mediated enteropathy induced by gluten. These findings provide new insights into the cytolytic signaling pathway of NKG2D and the pathogenesis of organ-specific immune disorders. Furthermore, they suggest that the blockade of CystLT receptors may represent a potent therapeutic target for CD or potentially other autoimmune disorders in which NKG2D has been implicated.
Intensive Diabetes Therapy and Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: David M Nathan, John Lachin, Patricia Cleary, Trevor Orchard, David J Brillon, Jye-Yu Backlund, Daniel H O'Leary, Saul Genuth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Cardiovascular disease causes severe morbidity and mortality in type 1 diabetes, although the specific risk factors and whether chronic hyperglycemia has a role are unknown. We examined the progression of carotid intima–media thickness, a measure of atherosclerosis, in a population with type 1 diabetes.
The analysis of breath air by laser spectroscopy method for diagnosis of COPD
Authors: Anna Bulanova, Ekaterina Bukreeva, Olga Nikiforova, Juri Kistenev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Timely diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is very important for effective treatment. Most of methods for COPD diagnosis are invasive or not suitable for children and patients with severe disease. One of the promising methods of clinical diagnosis and disease activity monitoring of bronchopulmonary system is analyzing of human breath. Goal of our research was to investigate possibility of the analysis of breath air by laser spectroscopy method for diagnosis of COPD.  We investigated human breath from 26 patients with exacerbation of COPD and 9 healthy volunteers using an intracavity photoacoustic gas analyzer ILPA-1 based on a CO 2  laser within two spectral ranges that correspond to the 10P- and 10R lasing branches. The data obtained were processed by the integral estimation (IO) technique to reduce influence of carbon dioxide and water vapor. Presented graphshows differences of integral estimations of patients with COPD and healthy people.  We received a direct correlation between the integral estimates and forced vital capacity of patients with COPD in both spectral ranges (r1=0,4255, p1= 0,12931 and r2=0,57727, p2=0,03065 respectively) and an inverse correlation between the integral estimates of patients with COPD and heart rate of these patients in the first spectral range (r1=-0,61623, p = 0,00381). This method is possible to use for diagnosis of COPD including of early stage of the disease.
Abstract 335: The Association of Carotid Artery Plaque Calcification and Fibrous Cap Status: A High-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Minako Oikawa, Chun Yuan, Hunter Underhill, Baocheng Chu, Wei Yu, Marina S Ferguson, Thomas S Hatsukami
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Calcification is a common histological finding in carotid atherosclerosis. However, the role of calcification as a plaque stabilizing feature is controversial. Carotid magnetic resonanc...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Daniel K. Podolsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

ComplicationsBoth ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are associated with a wide variety of complications, encompassing secondary effects of the inflammatory process in the gastrointestinal tract and associated extraintestinal manifestations.113 114 115 One particularly dangerous complication is toxic megacolon, which may result from ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, or any severe inflammatory process of the large intestine. In addition, Crohn's disease is often accompanied by the formation of fistulas, leading to a number of pathologic connections between different sites in the gastrointestinal tract. Fistulas can develop between the bowel and other sites, including the bladder, vagina, urethra, prostate, and skin. Perineal fistulas, some . . .
Cell transplantation aids spinal cord repair in rats
Authors: Xavier Bosch
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A team of Spanish researchers has shown that transplantation of a specific type of glial cell in rats that became paraplegic after their spinal cords had been completely severed promotes functional recovery and regeneration of motor axons over a long distance (Neuron 2000;25:425-35).

“This constitutes a dramatic functional improvement and anatomical repair after complete severance of the adult mammalian spinal cord,” said lead researcher Dr Almudena Ramon-Cueto of the Centro de Biologia Molecular Severo Ochoa in Madrid, Spain.

“Our results open doors in the search for a therapeutic procedure that might be useful in humans with spinal cord injuries and central nervous …
Obesity rates treble in England
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The prevalence of obesity has trebled over the past 20 years in England, but health service provision for its prevention and treatment is “patchy” and inconsistent, a new report from the National Audit Office has stated. The Department of Health should take a key role, but cannot by itself be expected to cure the problem, the report concluded.

Tackling Obesity in England shows that nearly two thirds of men and half of women are overweight or obese. People in lower socioeconomic groups, women, and certain populations from ethnic minority groups—especially …
Abstract 20526: Adiponectin and High Sensitive C Reactive Protein are Reduced by Ether Low or High Intensity Exercise Training in Chronic Heart Failure: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Almir S Ferraz, Edimar A Bocchi, Romeu S Meneghelo, Luiz E Mastrocolla, Guilherme V Guimarães, Susimeire Buglia, Rica D Buchler, Angela R Fuchs
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Recent studies have shown that increased circulating levels of adiponectin (AD) and high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were associated with higher mortality in chronic heart fai...
Guidelines and quality of clinical services in the new NHS
Authors: J. Kleijnen, G. Bonsel
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The English white paper emphasises the importance of national leadership by the Department of Health and the NHS Executive (including the regional offices) in supporting local developments. The NHS Executive will be charged with ensuring that quality and responsiveness are instilled at all levels in the NHS. Services and treatments that patients receive should be based on the best available evidence of what does and does not work and what provides the best value for money (clinical and cost effectiveness). Because there are unjustifiable variations in the application of evidence on clinical and cost effectiveness, and patients have not had fair access to the best the NHS has to offer, the government will spread best practice and drive clinical and cost effectiveness in several ways, including the establishment of two …
DURATION OF THE INFECTION IN SCARLET FEVER
Authors: P S RHOADS, G P YOUMANS, R ROSI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1950)

Article1 January 1950DURATION OF THE INFECTION IN SCARLET FEVERPAUL S. RHOADS, M.D., F.A.C.P., GUY P. YOUMANS, M.D., Ph.D., RENO ROSI, M.D.PAUL S. RHOADS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, GUY P. YOUMANS, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this author, RENO ROSI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-32-1-30 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn Illinois after the diagnosis of scarlet fever and other hemolytic streptococcal infections of the upper respiratory tract is made, "Isolation is required for a minimum period of 14 days after onset and thereafter until the nose, throat, glands, and ears are normal on inspection or until the physician reports complete clinical recovery."1Other states have essentially the same regulation except that the minimum quarantine period is 21 days instead of 14. It is natural to assume that termination of quarantine marks the time at which the patient is no longer infectious and the time at which he has made...Bibliography1. Rules and regulations for the control of communicable diseases, State of Illinois, 1947. Google Scholar2. RhoadsTuckerRappaport PSWHB: Management of scarlet fever contacts, J. A. M. A. 117: 1063-1065, 1941. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. RhoadsGosul PSBM: Convalescent scarlet fever serum and commercial antitoxin, J. A. M. A. 102: 2005, 1934. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. : Observations in the treatment of scarlet fever with penicillin, Am. J. M. Sc. 211: 417, 1946. Spink, W. W., Rantz, L. A., Boisvert, P. J., and Coggeshall, H.: Sulfadiazine and penicillin for hemolytic streptococcus infections of the upper respiratory tract, Arch. Int. Med. 77: 260, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Read at Sectional Meeting of American College of Physicians, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, November 15, 1947.From Northwestern University Medical School and Cook County Contagious Hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byNatural Occurrence of Hemolytic Streptococci in Normal School Children 1 January 1950Volume 32, Issue 1Page: 30-35KeywordsPharynxQuarantinesRespiratory systemScarlet feverStreptococcal infections ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1950 PDF downloadLoading ...
Acute Hemodynamic Effects of Tolvaptan, a Vasopressin V2 Receptor Blocker, in Patients With Symptomatic Heart Failure and Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: James E. Udelson, Cesare Orlandi, John Ouyang, Holly Krasa, Christopher A. Zimmer, Geir Frivold, W. Herbert Haught, Sheiba Meymandi, Cezar Macarie, Dimitar Raef, Patricia Wedge, Marvin A. Konstam, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)