tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hemodynamic and Coagulation Responses to 1-Desamino[8-D-Arginine] Vasopressin in Patients with Congenital Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus
Authors: Daniel G. Bichet, Mohammad Razi, Michèle Lonergan, Marie-Françoise Arthus, Vassiliki Papukna, Claude Kortas, Jean-Noël Barjon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

The antidiuretic hormone arginine vasopressin interacts with two types of receptors: V1, which mediates the effects of vasopressin on vascular smooth muscle, and V2, which mediates the antidiuretic effects on renal tubules. Resistance of the renal tubules to arginine vasopressin and to the antidiuretic V2-specific agonist 1-desamino[8-D-arginine] vasopressin (dDAVP) occurs in congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, a rare X-linked disease, although the V1-receptor responses remain intact. The extrarenal actions of dDAVP in normal persons are a decrease in blood pressure, an increase in plasma renin activity, and stimulation of the release of factor VIIIc and von Willebrand factor. We measured the response of mean arterial pressure, pulse rate, plasma renin activity, factor VIIIc, and von Willebrand factor to an infusion of dDAVP (0.3 microgram per kilogram of body weight) in seven male patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, six obligatory carriers of the gene for nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, five patients with central diabetes insipidus, and four normal subjects. In the normal subjects and the patients with central diabetes insipidus, dDAVP decreased mean arterial pressure (by 10 to 15 percent) and increased pulse rate (by 20 to 25 percent), renin activity (by 65 percent), and the release of coagulation factors (twofold to threefold) (all changes were significant, P less than 0.01). None of these changes were observed in the patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, and minimal responses were observed in the obligatory carriers. These results confirm the existence of extrarenal vasopressin V2-like receptors, which may be defective in patients with congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
Defective TH17 development in human neonatal T cells involves reduced RORC2 mRNA content
Authors: Sytze de Roock, Arie J. Stoppelenburg, Rianne Scholman, Sanne B.E.A. Hoeks, Jenny Meerding, Berent J. Prakken, Marianne Boes
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Effects of Acute Hypoxia on the Volume of Blood in the Thorax
Authors: H. W. FRITTS, J. E. ODELL, P. HARRIS, E. W. BRAUNWALD, A. P. FISHMAN
Journal: Circulation (1960)

Two different methods were used to study the effect of acute hypoxia on the volume of blood in the thorax. The first method entailed estimating the central blood volume by the Stewart-Hamilton dye-dilution technic; the second involved the use of a teeter-board. The 2 methods gave comparable results. Both indicated that the volume of blood in the thorax is not appreciably altered by hypoxia.
Chronic Meningitis — Many Causes to Consider
Authors: Morton N. Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

The paper by Scott et al. in this issue of the Journal describes the use of antibody detection in cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of seven cases of meningeal sporotrichosis.1 Diagnosis of this form of chronic meningitis is challenging because of the rarity of demonstration of Sporothrix schenckii in smears of cerebrospinal fluid (cytospin technique may improve the yield), the difficulty in isolating the yeast on culture, and the frequent absence of extrameningeal manifestations (cutaneous sporotrichosis, joint infection, and pulmonary disease) that might provide clinical clues. Thus, any other method that provides early and specific diagnosis and can lead to . . .
THE MULTIPLICATION OF FIBROBLASTS IN VITRO
Authors: Alexis Carrel, Albert H. Ebeling
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

1. It may be concluded that, under the conditions of the experiments and within the limits of accuracy of the method, the temporary multiplication of fibroblasts cultivated in the plasma of an adult animal is not due to the serum. It may be attributed to the presence of a small amount of embryonic juice within the tissue itself. 2. The indefinite multiplication of fibroblasts in a medium composed of adult plasma and of embryonic juice is due neither to the serum nor to the fibrin. It depends entirely on substances contained in the embryonic juice. 3. There is a definite relation between the rate of growth and the concentration of the embryonic juice in the medium.
Abstract 1067: FOXD3 is a B-RAFV600E-regulated inhibitor of G1/S progression in melanoma cells
Authors: Ethan V. Abel, Andrew E. Aplin
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The forkhead box transcription factor FOXD3 is a stemness factor that prevents the production of melanocyte progenitors from the developing neural crest; however, its role in human cancers is not known. Here we demonstrate that FOXD3 levels are up-regulated following attenuation of B-RAF and MEK signaling in mutant B-RAF harboring human melanoma cells. This effect was selective since FOXD3 was not up-regulated following MEK inhibition in wild-type B-RAF melanoma cells and mutant B-RAF thyroid carcinoma cells. Ectopic FOXD3 expression potently inhibited melanoma cell growth without altering mutant B-RAF activation of ERK1/2. Inhibition of cell growth was due to a potent G1 cell cycle arrest that was largely dependent on p53 and, to a lesser extent, its downstream target p21Cip1. These studies demonstrate that FOXD3 is suppressed by B-RAF, uncover a novel role and mechanism for FOXD3 as a negative cell cycle regulator and have implications for the repression of melanocytic lineage cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1067.
Multiple myeloma and pregnancy
Authors: Agustin Avilés, Natividad Neri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Pregnancy has been reported in patients with hematological malignancies, such as acute leukemia, Hodgkin and malignant lymphoma and chronic myelocytic leukemia. Only 12 cases of pregnancy occurring in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have been reported. The present report describes 6 additional cases of this rare association that received chemotherapy during pregnancy, including in the first trimester. The newborns were 3 male and 3 female with weight >2500 g and without evidence of fetal malformations. Longer follow-up (>3 years) did not give evidence of late complications in the children. Three mothers received stem cell transplantation.
The Application of Clonal Selection to Medical Practice
Authors: Joseph Stokes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

A well recognized uneasiness exists among many persons interested in the health care of the young, concerning the increasing number and variety of immunization procedures. Such uneasiness to a considerable extent derives apparently from a long held view of how protection is produced by vaccines. This view, espoused by Paul Ehrlich and by many successive immunologists, has been termed "instructional" because the wide varieties of antigens to which the body is exposed were regarded as providing all immunocytes (lymphocytes, plasma cells) with the necessary instructional pattern for producing antibodies — as though a key (antigen) fashioned a lock in the . . .
Migratory and Antigen Presentation Functions of IFN-Producing Killer Dendritic Cells
Authors: Nourredine Himoudi, Mengyong Yan, Gerben Bouma, Daniel Morgenstern, Rebecca Wallace, Ben Seddon, Jo Buddle, Ayad Eddaoudi, Steven J. Howe, Nichola Cooper, John Anderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The CD11c(int) B220(+) NK1.1(+) CD49(+) subset of cells has recently been described as IFN-producing killer dendritic cells (IKDC), which share phenotypic and functional properties with both dendritic cells and natural killer cells. We have previously shown that IKDCs within murine bone marrow-derived DC preparations are essential for the antitumor activity of unpulsed DCs. Here we show that bone marrow-derived IKDCs (BM-IKDC) migrate in vivo into tumors and thence to tumor draining lymph nodes, where they highly express MHC class II and costimulatory molecules. In vitro, freshly isolated BM-IKDCs, fluorescence-activated cell sorted to homogeneity, have no intrinsic antigen presentation function unless cocultured with tumor target cells. On killing of target cells, they can cross-present antigens to stimulate antigen-primed CD8 T cells and can also present antigens to antigen-primed CD4 cells. In vivo, in mice lacking class I-restricted antigen-presenting cell function, robust proliferation of antigen-specific T cells is achieved after adoptive transfer of BM-IKDCs at an injection site distant to the tumor site. Therefore, BM-IKDCs are capable of cytotoxic killing of tumor targets and also of potent antigen presentation after encountering antigen in the context of a viable target cell.
Altered prostacyclin synthesis by aortae from hepatic portal vein-constricted rats: evidence for effects on protein kinase C and calcium
Authors: Jamie Y. Jeremy, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, Stelios Karatapanis, David Harry, Andrew K. Burroughs, Neil McIntyre, Gerard Stansby, Michael Jacobs, Aiden McCormick
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
RAT-BITE FEVER IN AN INFANT BITTEN AT THE AGE OF ELEVEN DAYS
Authors: Joseph Greengard
Journal: JAMA (1941)

A careful search of the literature has failed to reveal a case of rat-bite fever in an infant as young as the one observed by us. For this reason it is felt desirable to record this instance of an infant who was bitten by a rat at the age of 11 days and in whom the incubation period and course of the disease could be observed in detail. The youngest child previously reported, an infant aged 3 months, was described by Sanders<sup>1</sup>in 1922. Bayne-Jones<sup>2</sup>collected 75 cases occurring in the United States from 1839 to 1930. Only 9 of the patients were under 2 years of age. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.—</h3> C. B., an infant Negress aged 11 days, entered the hospital on April 19, 1940 about two hours after having been bitten by a rat while sleeping in her crib. Physical examination showed nothing abnormal
Autoantibody facilitated cleavage of C1-inhibitor in autoimmune angioedema.
Authors: J Jackson, R B Sim, K Whaley, C Feighery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

C1-inhibitor (C1-Inh) is an important inhibitor of the inflammatory response and deficiency of this inhibitor, which may be hereditary or acquired, is associated with recurrent episodes of edema. Recently, an autoimmune form of angioedema has been described that is associated with functional deficiency of C1-Inh and an autoantibody that impedes C1-Inh function. In this report we describe the isolation of C1-Inh from the monocytes and plasma of a patient with autoimmune angioedema and demonstrate that the patient's monocytes secrete structurally and functionally normal C1-Inh, but show that this protein circulates in the patient's plasma in an inactive, structurally altered form. Furthermore, using analytic gel electrophoresis techniques it is demonstrated that the patient's autoantibody facilitates cleavage of normal C1-Inh, by its target proteases, to the same species of C1-Inh that is found circulating in the patient's plasma. This autoantibody facilitated cleavage of normal C1-Inh is apparently a consequence of destabilization of protease/inhibitor complexes. These findings contribute to our understanding of protease/C1-Inh interactions and document important observations on pathogenic mechanisms in autoimmune disease.
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Back to Surgery?
Authors: W J OWEN
Journal: Gut (1998)

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): Back to Surgery? Edited by Buchler MW, Frei E, Klaiber C, Krahenbuhl L. (Pp 248; illustrated: $184.00.) Basel: Karger, 1996. ISBN 3-8055-6476-7.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) can now rightly be regarded as the English disease as its prevalence here exceeds that any of any other country.

This book is a response to the “swelling chorus of acclamation” relating to the place of minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of this condition and actually has a great deal to offer for anyone involved in the management of reflux patients.

In …
615. Anti-Tumor Activities of IL-12 and IL-23 Are Mediated by Similar, yet Divergent, Effector Mechanisms
Authors: JaNean C. Ceidro, Euan Lockhart, Seon-Hee Kim, Paul D. Robbins
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Th1-polarizing cytokine IL-12 exhibits potent anti-tumor activity in multiple cancer models; however, therapeutic use of this cytokine is limited due to severe IFN-γ-mediated toxicity. To reduce the amount of IL-12 needed to elicit a therapeutic response, and thereby decrease associated toxicity, it is necessary to characterize novel cytokines to use in conjunction with IL-12. Newly described IL-12 family member IL-23 shares the IL-12 p40 subunit and promotes Th1 immunity by specifically stimulating proliferation of memory CD4+ T-cells. We propose that adenoviral delivery of IL-23 into the tumor microenvironment will result in tumor rejection and generation of tumor-specific anti-tumor immunity utilizing mechanisms similar to IL-12. To establish the anti-tumor activity of IL-23, C57BL/6 mice bearing 7-day MCA205 fibrosarcoma tumors were treated with adenovirus expressing either IL-12 (Ad.IL-12) or 23 (Ad.IL- 23). Ad.IL-23 treatment resulted in tumor rejection in the majority of mice, elicited protective immunity and had no associated toxicity. To determine if IL-12 and IL-23 employ similar anti-tumor mechanisms, mice deficient in various cytokines and effector cells were inoculated with MCA205 tumors and treated with Ad.IL-12 or Ad.IL-23. IL-23 anti-tumor activity was found to be independent of IL-17, but completely dependent on perforin, Fas ligand, CD8+ T-cells, CD4+ T-cells, IFN-γ and IL-12/23 p40. IL-12 anti-tumor activity was independent of Fas ligand, perforin and IL-17, but, like IL-23, completely dependent on IFN-γ and CD8+ T-cells. Therefore, IL-12 activity appears to be mediated primarily by CD8+ T-cells and IFN-γ, while IL-23 utilizes Fas ligand and perforin in addition to IFN-γ, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells to eradicate tumors. We currently are examining the possible synergy between Ad.IL-12 and Ad.IL-23 in conferring anti-tumor effects.
A Case of Hernia of the Ovary in an Infant with Torsion of the Pedicle
Authors: C. B. Lockwood
Journal: BMJ (1896)

inflammation set up around it.It would also be interesting to know whether the haemorrhage be venous, arterial, or capillary.Gowers says that healthy arteries, no matter how great the internal pressure to which they are subjected, seldom, perhaps never, give way, but that healthy veins may
Are sirolimus-eluting stents inducing vascular remodeling? A subgroup analysis of 3D-intravascular ultrasound in the RAVEL trial
Authors: Muzatler Degertekin, K. Tanabe, E. Regar, J.E. Sousa, A. Colombo, G. Guagliumi, J.L. Guermonperez, M.C. Morice, P.W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Hand-arm vibration syndrome may be associated with prolonged use of vibrating computer games
Authors: A G Cleary
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—We report the development of the hand-arm vibration syndrome in a 15 year old boy who presented with a two year history of painful hands. His hands became white and swollen when exposed to the cold and subsequently red and painful on warming. He had no clinical or laboratory features of an underlying connective tissue disorder.

The onset of his symptoms was preceded by the prolonged use of a widely available domestic computer game (Sony Playstation). He spent up to seven …
More US patients going to emergency rooms as alternative to primary care, report says
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

US emergency physicians are increasingly being called on to provide services to patients who lack access to primary care, to evaluate complex outpatient cases, and to serve as gatekeepers to hospitals, a new report has concluded.1

The report was produced by the RAND Corporation, an independent, non-profit policy research organization that is based in Santa Monica, California, and was commissioned by the Emergency Medicine Action Fund, an advocacy organization founded by the American College of Emergency Physicians.

RAND officials said that the research was conducted independently and that the study’s sponsor had no control over …
Neurological and Neurosurgical Intensive Care
Authors: William F. Meacham
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This volume is a treasure! The contents of each chapter follow a pattern of easy readability, precise information, logical explanation, and clear discussion of subjects that are often misunderstood or ignored.  The book has two principal sections. The first is devoted to the general principles of neurological intensive care and covers the physiology and pathophysiology of intracranial pressure, respiratory support, acute respiratory failure, cardiopulmonary aspects of neurological catastrophes, nosocomial infections, metabolic derangements, and electrophysiologic monitoring. Of particular value are the chapters concerning the altered physiology in cerebral perfusion and intracranial pressure. The lucid explanations of these conditions constitute the guidelines for the intelligent application of therapeutic methods. Similarly, the problems associated with ventilation impairment are clearly identified.  The second section is concerned with postoperative neurosurgical care, head injury, stroke, intracranial hemorrhage, and cardiac arrest and has a group of chapters outlining the treatment aspects of clinical disorders such as myasthenia
Myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity in intact versus skinned rat ventricular muscle.
Authors: W D Gao, P H Backx, M Azan-Backx, E Marban
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

The Ca2+ sensitivity of myofilaments was compared before and after skinning in the same rat trabeculae at a diastolic sarcomere length of 2.2 to 2.3 microns. Trabeculae from rat right ventricle were loaded with fura-2 salt by iontophoretic microinjection, and [Ca2+]i was determined from the epifluorescence at 510 nm when excited at 340 and 380 nm. Steady-state activation was achieved by stimulating the muscle at 10 Hz after 10 to 20 minutes of application of ryanodine (5 mumol/L). The muscles were then skinned with Triton X-100 (1%) for 15 to 25 minutes and subsequently activated with solutions containing varied [Ca2+]. The intact force-[Ca2+] relation was highly cooperative (Hill coefficient, 4.87 +/- 0.35; n = 10), with a low [Ca2+]i required for half-maximal activation (K1/2) (0.62 +/- 0.03 mumol/L). After skinning, the Hill coefficient fell to 2.72 and the K 1/2 shifted rightward to 2.2 mumol/L in the presence of 1.2 mmol/L free Mg2+. Because of uncertainty regarding the appropriate [Mg2+], we measured [Mg2+]i at 0.72 +/- 0.06 mmol/L (n = 11) with Mg-fura-2 salt. When activating solutions were modified to contain [Mg2+] = 0.5 mmol/L, the force-[Ca2+] relation was shifted to the left (K 1/2 = 0.93 +/- 0.1, n = 10) with a Hill coefficient of 3.75 +/- 0.37, but the changes were not sufficient to superimpose with the intact force-[Ca2+] relation (P &lt; .05 versus intact). These results suggest that, despite the significant effect of Mg2+ on the force-[Ca2+] relation in skinned muscles, the Ca2+ responsiveness of the myofilaments is still altered by skinning.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Self-Administration of Allergy Desensitization Extracts
Authors: Jay Grossman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In a recent issue ofThe Journal(236:1290, 1976) Dr Frederic Speer stated that, as a consultant, he allows patients to self-administer their immunotherapy injections and implies that most allergists approve of this policy. It is the policy of our office and the recommendations of most authorities in our field that immunotherapy injections be given in a physician's office under the supervision of the physician.<sup>1,2</sup>Fortunately, anaphylactic reactions from immunotherapy injections occur infrequently, but they do occur often enough to warrant their administration in a physician's office, where this potentially serious adverse reaction may be treated. The necessity of having the immunotherapy injections administered in a physician's office does definitely increase the cost of treatment, but the substantial increase in safety to the patient does warrant this increase in cost. The patient receiving immunotherapy injections cannot be equated with the diabetic patient who can usually safely
THE MECHANISM OF DELAYED WOUND HEALING IN THE PRESENCE OF HYPOPROTEINEMIA
Authors: JONATHAN E. RHOADS
Journal: JAMA (1942)

During the past decade protein deficiency has been shown to have an important influence on many of the problems of clinical surgery. Gastrointestinal motility, especially gastric emptying after anastomosis of the stomach and jejunum, was shown to be profoundly retarded by protein depletion,<sup>1</sup>and it was shown that in certain instances "vicious circle" can be relieved by transfusion.<sup>2</sup>Goldschmidt, Vars and Ravdin<sup>3</sup>demonstrated that the protein balance of the body profoundly influences the vulnerability of the liver to chloroform. As a corollary to this principle, diets high in protein as well as carbohydrate were recommended in the treatment of patients with extensive hepatic disease.<sup>4</sup>It is believed that such diets will also prove of great value in the preparation of the thyrotoxic patient for operation. The relation of hypoproteinemia to wound disruption was first demonstrated in the dog by Thompson, Ravdin and Frank<sup>5</sup>in 1938. They
High-Resolution Imaging of the Photoreceptor Layer in Epiretinal Membrane Using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy
Authors: Sotaro Ooto, Masanori Hangai, Kohei Takayama, Atsushi Sakamoto, Akitaka Tsujikawa, Susumu Oshima, Takashi Inoue, Nagahisa Yoshimura
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Evaluation of Monovalent Influenza Vaccine in a Retirement Community During the Epidemic of 1965-1966
Authors: William H. Stuart
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Monovalent adjuvant and aqueous influenza vaccines were evaluated in a retirement community from 1964 to 1966. In the second year of investigation, an epidemic of A2 influenza provided opportunity to study the protective value of immunization. Vaccine efficacy was shown to be related to the pattern of vaccination. Individuals who had received single doses of A2 vaccine in both years of the study were considerably better protected than those who had received vaccine in only one of the years. The rate of febrile illnesses in the former group was more than 90% below that of vaccinated control. Those given one dose were only about half as well protected. Monovalent adjuvant A2 vaccine given more than a year before the outbreak appeared to protect as well as, if not slightly better than, monovalent aqueous vaccine administered several months before the epidemic.