tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vasodilatory action of endogenous atrial natriuretic factor in a rat model of chronic heart failure as determined by monoclonal ANF antibody.
Authors: H Drexler, C Hirth, H P Stasch, W Lu, D Neuser, H Just
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Elucidation of the role of (elevated) endogenous atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) in chronic heart failure has been hampered by a lack of specific inhibitors. We used a newly developed monoclonal antibody that has been shown to specifically block both exogenously and endogenously released ANF in vivo. For assessment of the vasodilatory action of ANF in chronic heart failure, either this antibody against ANF or ascites (control serum) was injected in rats with myocardial infarction and failure and in sham animals. Ascites did not alter central hemodynamics in either the sham or infarcted group. Antibody significantly increased right atrial pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in the infarction group but did not affect these variables in the sham group. Because renal blood flow, as measured by radioactive microspheres, decreased significantly in all four groups, probably due to nonspecific renal vasoconstrictor effects of the ascites, a separate group of infarcted animals was treated with purified ANF antibody (devoid of nonspecific effects) or mouse IgG as a control injection. In these animals, right atrial pressure increased from 1.1 +/- 0.7 to 2.6 +/- 0.7 mm Hg (p less than 0.001). Although SVR, renal blood flow velocity (measured by Doppler probe), and renal vascular resistance did not change in the infarcted animals after administration of purified ANF antibody, a significant correlation was found between baseline plasma ANF values and the change in SVR exerted by purified ANF antibody (r = 0.758, p less than 0.02, n = 9); that is, SVR increased in rats with high baseline plasma ANF (greater than 350 pg/ml), but decreased in animals with plasma ANF less than 200 pg/ml. These results suggest that moderately elevated endogenous plasma ANF levels in chronic heart failure do affect central hemodynamics, primarily by reducing venous pressure (e.g., by decreasing intravascular volume or by venous dilation). Arterial vasodilation, however, appears to emerge when plasma ANF is greatly increased.
CEREBELLAR HERNIATION INTO FORAMEN MAGNUM
Authors: A. E. BENNETT
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Any one who has performed a large number of cranial necropsies has been impressed with the frequent finding of a pressure cone of the cerebellum herniated into the foramen magnum in states of increased intracranial pressure. Every neurosurgeon likewise fears this condition and frequently finds the cerebellum wedged into the foramen magnum and extending down into the cervical subarachnoid space. The surgeon, as a matter of routine, taps the ventricle before exploration of the posterior fossa in order to prevent medullary paralysis from a jamming herniation. Despite these common observations, very little information is available as to the clinical frequency of the complication or as to the symptoms and signs of cerebellar herniation. The literature is almost bare of clinical descriptions of this important complication of increased acute or chronic cerebral pressure syndromes. Only a few anatomic reports are to be found. Yet the herniation of the cerebellum into the
PERSISTENT MENACE OF PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS
Authors: Wesley W. Spink
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In a series of patients with meningitis cared for over a period of 14 1/2 years there were 55 in whom the causative organism was identified as a pneumococcus. The overall mortality rate was 25 %, but in patients over 40 years of age the mortality rate exceeded 50 %. Only 4 of the patients had a demonstrable infection in their lungs; 18 had otitis media, and this was the most common factor in meningeal involvement. In 22 patients no primary source of the pneumococcal infection could be found. The most common neurological complication was damage to the cranial nerves and resultant visual and auditory deterioration. Among five patients who had recurrent pneumococcal meningitis there were a 7 1/2-year-old boy who died during his 6th attack and a 39-year-old woman who entered the hospital with her 15th attack and recovered. The treatment in 52 cases was penicillin given parenterally. There was no evidence of advantages in intrathecal injection. The authors suggest that sulfadiazine be given orally as long as penicillin is continued.
745. AAV12, Isolated from Vervet Monkey, Has Unique Tropism and Biological as Well as Neutralization Properties
Authors: Michael Schmidt, Antonis Voutetakis, Sandra Afione, Changyu Zheng, John A. Chiorini
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

As part of an ongoing study to identify and characterize novel AAV isolates, we have screened virus isolates stored at the American Type Culture Collection. In a sample of adenovirus isolated from Vervet monkey (Cercopithecus aethiops) we have identified a new AAV with limited sequence homology to known AAVs and termed it AAV12. The capsid protein of AAV12 demonstrated highest homology with AAV11 and AAV4, 84% and 78% respectively, whereas AAV5 VP1 displayed lowest similarity with 53%. The Rep78 amino acid sequence of AAV12 is 89% identical to AAV4 and AAV11.
The Hospital Maintenance Problem.
Authors: George R. Green
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Muncie, Ind., May 21, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In your editorial, "The Hospital Maintenance Problem," you speak of the difficulties of caring for deficits constantly coming up, and of the fact that the remedy is not clear. It seems to me that the state of Indiana has the plan that will eventually solve the problem. It was my good fortune to evolve the plan out of which, with the assistance of friends in the legislature, there came a law that makes ample provisions for the care of all who are on the pauper list and who must be cared for at the expense of the public. The law provides that the commissioners of the various counties may, alone or in conjunction with hospital associations, erect and maintain hospitals; that they may accept donations, organize auxiliary associations, permit lodges to furnish rooms, etc., and to donate for their care; that they
Improvements in mental health care called for
Authors: T. Groves
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The British health minister, Mr Gerald Malone, has written to NHS trusts and health authorities and given them three months to bring their services for seriously mentally ill people up to scratch. His letter was prompted by two reports that showed that the care programme approach--the cornerstone of the government's policy on mental health--is not being followed fully.

A report from the Clinical Standards Advisory Group says that the quality of care for people with schizophrenia was unsatisfactory or poor in well over half of the districts that it surveyed last year. The group trained several multidisciplinary teams and sent them to inspect and assess purchasers and providers of mental health care in 11 NHS districts and health boards.

Despite finding many examples of good practice the group …
Demonstration of human apolipoprotien A in isolated mucosal cells from small intestine and isolated hepatocytes.
Authors: U Hopf, G Assmann, H E Schaefer, A Capurso
Journal: Gut (1979)

Isolated mucosal cells from the human jejunum and stomach, cryostat sections from the jejunum, isolated parenchymal liver cells and lymphocytes were investigated for the presence of apolipoprotein A (apoA).Antisera against purified human apoA-I and apoA-II were raised in rabbits and conjugated with fluorescein-isothiocyanate (FITC).Mucosal cells from jejunum and stomach were isolated with pronase from tissue obtained from operated patients.ApoA-I and apoA-II could be demonstrated in isolated mucosal cells as well as in cryostat sections from the jejunum.The fluorescence pattern in isolated jejunal cells was coarse granular.In the radial gel diffusion test the homogenate from mucosal cells ofjejunum showed a single precipitation line with anti-apoA-I and with anti-apoA-II, respectively.The reaction was more intensive with anti-apoA-I than with anti-apoA-II.Isolated gastric cells were negative for apoA.Hepatocytes incubated with FITC anti-apoA-I showed a fine granular fluorescence pattern in the cytoplasm.Anti-apoA-II did not react with hepatocytes.There was no evidence for an in vitro fixation of serum-apoA at the surface of isolated mucosal cells from jejunum or isolated hepatocytes.The results support the hypotheses that in man apoA is synthesised in the epithelial cells of the small intestine and in parenchymal liver cells.
The Value of Pharmacogenetic Testing—Reply
Authors: Dhruv S. Kazi, Mark A. Hlatky
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Increased Propensity for Central Apnea in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Anan Salloum, James A. Rowley, Jason H. Mateika, Susmita Chowdhuri, Qasim Omran, M. Safwan Badr
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

There is increasing evidence of increased ventilatory instability in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but previous investigations have not studied whether the hypocapnic apneic threshold is altered in this group.To compare the apneic threshold, CO2 reserve, and controller gain between subjects with and without OSA matched for age, sex, and body mass index.Hypocapnia was induced via nasal mechanical ventilation for 3 minutes. Cessation of mechanical ventilation resulted in hypocapnic central hypopnea or apnea depending upon the magnitude of the hypocapnia. The apnea threshold (Pet(CO2)-AT) was defined as the measured Pet(CO2) at which the apnea closest to the last hypopnea occurred. The CO2 reserve was defined as the change in Pet(CO2) between eupneic Pet(CO2) and Pet(CO2)-AT. Controller gain was defined as the ratio of change in Ve between control and hypopnea or apnea to the DeltaPet(CO2).Eleven pairs of subjects were studied. There was no difference in the Pet(CO2)-AT between the two groups. However, the CO2 reserve was smaller in the subjects with OSA (2.2 +/- 0.6 mm Hg) compared with the control subjects (4.5 +/- 1.4 mm Hg; P < 0.001). The controller gain was increased in the subjects with OSA (3.7 +/- 1.3 L/min/mm Hg) compared with the control subjects (1.6 +/- 0.5 L/min/mm Hg; P < 0.001). Controller gain decreased and CO2 reserve increased in seven subjects restudied after using continuous positive airway pressure for 1 month.Ventilatory instability is increased in subjects with OSA and is reversible with the use of continuous positive airway pressure.
Surgical Treatment of Dissecting Aneurysm of the Aorta Analysis of Seventy-Two Cases
Authors: MICHAEL E. DE BAKEY, WALTER S. HENLY, DENTON A. COOLEY, E. STANLEY CRAWFORD, GEORGE C. MORRIS
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Dissecting aneurysm of the aorta is an extremely serious condition that pursues a rapidly fatal course in more than 75 per cent of cases. Follow-up data on 72 patients surgically treated indicate that effective surgical treatment significantly alters the course of the disease and in the majority of instances removes the threat of death by rupture. The operative mortality rate in these 72 patients was 26 per cent. For lesions occurring distal to the left subclavian artery, resection of the descending thoracic aorta with replacement by aortic graft utilizing hypothermia or the bypass pump was successful in 80 per cent of cases. Most patients surviving operation have been able to resume previous activities with minimal risk of sudden death from rupture of the aneurysm or failure of the aortic graft. The importance of recognizing the characteristic clinical manifestations, of making precise roentgenographic diagnosis, and of instituting effective surgical treatment in the management of dissecting aortic aneurysm has been stressed.
Abstract 1091: CCR4+ regulatory T cells progressively accumulate in the presence of leukocyte-derived CCL22/CCL17 in an experimental model of glioblastoma multiforme
Authors: Alan L. Chang, Derek A. Wainwright, Mahua Dey, Yu Han, Maciej S. Lesniak
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. One hallmark of GBM is the accumulation of infiltrating regulatory T cells (Tregs), a highly immunosuppressive T cell subset that suppresses T cell-mediated GBM rejection. Previous work has demonstrated that the Treg-recruiting chemokine, CCL22, is expressed by patient-resected GBM. Importantly, the number of Tregs expressing CCR4, the cognate chemokine receptor for CCL22 and CCL17, is increased in the peripheral blood of GBM patients. To investigate the therapeutic potential of targeting the CCR4 chemokine-receptor axis in brain tumors, we performed FACS analysis to determine the level of CCR4-expressing Tregs and other T cell populations. In addition, we analyzed the mRNA expression levels of the Treg-recruiting chemokines CCL22 and CCL17 in different cellular populations by Percoll gradient isolation followed by qRT-PCR. Using the orthotopic GL261 model of GBM, we found a progressive accumulation of CCR4+ Tregs in the brain tumor. Coincidently, the expression of CCL17 and CCL22 was predominantly localized to the tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, rather than the tumor tissue itself. Finally, we tested the potential impact of a CCR4 antagonist on Treg recruitment and CD8+/Foxp3+ T cell ratio. We found that CCR4 antagonist treatment was able to increase the CD8+/Foxp3+ T cell ratio during the early time points post-GL261 injection. These results implicate the chemokine receptor CCR4 as a therapeutic target for further investigation as a potential strategy to target Treg trafficking to GBM. Citation Format: Alan L. Chang, Derek A. Wainwright, Mahua Dey, Yu Han, Maciej S. Lesniak. CCR4+ regulatory T cells progressively accumulate in the presence of leukocyte-derived CCL22/CCL17 in an experimental model of glioblastoma multiforme. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1091. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1091
CONTINUOUS WAVE DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY MEASUREMENT OF FUNCTIONAL AORTIC VALVE AREA IN SUBJECTS WITH AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS CORRECTED BY LEFT VENTRICULAR OUTFLOW TRACT SIZE BY ECG GATED 320 SLICE CT IN BOTH DOMED AND FLATTENED TYPE VALVES
Authors: Akihisa Kataoka, Nobusada Funabashi, Masae Uehara, Hiroyuki Takaoka, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Myosin accumulation and striated muscle myopathy result from the loss of muscle RING finger 1 and 3
Authors: Jens Fielitz, Mi-Sung Kim, John M. Shelton, Shuaib Latif, Jeffrey A. Spencer, David J. Glass, James A. Richardson, Rhonda Bassel-Duby, Eric N. Olson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Maintenance of skeletal and cardiac muscle structure and function requires precise control of the synthesis, assembly, and turnover of contractile proteins of the sarcomere. Abnormalities in accumulation of sarcomere proteins are responsible for a variety of myopathies. However, the mechanisms that mediate turnover of these long-lived proteins remain poorly defined. We show that muscle RING finger 1 (MuRF1) and MuRF3 act as E3 ubiquitin ligases that cooperate with the E2 ubiquitin–conjugating enzymes UbcH5a, -b, and -c to mediate the degradation of β/slow myosin heavy chain (β/slow MHC) and MHCIIa via the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) in vivo and in vitro. Accordingly, mice deficient for MuRF1 and MuRF3 develop a skeletal muscle myopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy characterized by subsarcolemmal MHC accumulation, myofiber fragmentation, and diminished muscle performance. These findings identify MuRF1 and MuRF3 as key E3 ubiquitin ligases for the UPS-dependent turnover of sarcomeric proteins and reveal a potential basis for myosin storage myopathies.
A Novel Fusion of TPR and ALK in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yoon-La Choi, Maruja E. Lira, Mineui Hong, Ryong Nam Kim, So-Jung Choi, Ji-Young Song, Kinnari Pandy, Derrick L. Mann, Joshua A. Stahl, Heather E. Peckham, Zongli Zheng, Joungho Han, Mao Mao, Jhingook Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusion is the most common mechanism for overexpression and activation in non-small-cell lung carcinoma. Several fusion partners of ALK have been reported, including echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4, TRK-fused gene, kinesin family member 5B, kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1), protein tyrosine phosphatase and nonreceptor type 3, and huntingtin interacting protein 1 (HIP1).A 60-year-old Korean man had a lung mass which was a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with ALK overexpression. By using an Anchored Multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay and sequencing, we found that tumor had a novel translocated promoter region (TPR)-ALK fusion. The fusion transcript was generated from an intact, in-frame fusion of TPR exon 15 and ALK exon 20 (t(1;2)(q31.1;p23)). The TPR-ALK fusion encodes a predicted protein of 1192 amino acids with a coiled-coil domain encoded by the 5'-2 of the TPR and juxtamembrane and kinase domains encoded by the 3'-end of the ALK.The novel fusion gene and its protein TRP-ALK, harboring coiled-coil and kinase domains, could possess transforming potential and responses to treatment with ALK inhibitors. This case is the first report of TPR-ALK fusion transcript in clinical tumor samples and could provide a novel diagnostic and therapeutic candidate target for patients with cancer, including non-small-cell lung carcinoma.
P164 Use of beta-agonists prior to hospital attendance for severe exacerbations of asthma: insights from a randomised controlled trial using electronic monitoring of inhaler use
Authors: M Patel, J Pilcher, D Shaw, M Weatherall, A Knox, R Beasley
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Observational studies have reported that the overuse of inhaled beta-agonists during severe asthma is a common feature associated with a fatal outcome. However, patterns of actual use of beta-agonists prior to hospital attendance for severe exacerbations are poorly understood. <h3>Objectives</h3> We have recently reported that in 303 adult asthma patients randomised to receive either combination budesonide/formoterol metered dose inhaler (MDI) as part of a single maintenance and reliever therapy regimen (‘SMART’) or as fixed-dose maintenance treatment with salbutamol MDI for relief (‘Standard’), overuse of beta-agonists without subsequent medical review occurred commonly in both groups. We now report on the use of beta-agonists by patients who attended hospital with a severe exacerbation of asthma. Our hypothesis was that extremely high beta-agonist doses would be used by patients in both groups and that inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) non-adherence may occur in the Standard group during severe asthma. <h3>Methods</h3> Data on MDI use, as measured by electronic monitoring, were extracted for each patient for the 14 24-hour periods before the attendance time at hospital for a severe exacerbation. <h3>Results</h3> Electronic data were available for 7/7 and 9/11 hospital attendances in the SMART and Standard groups respectively. The median (range) daily number of actuations 14 days before hospital attendance was 4 (2 to 12) budesonide/formoterol in SMART and 4 (0 to 26) salbutamol and 2 (0 to 8) budesonide/formoterol in Standard. This increased to 11 (6 to 39) budesonide/formoterol in SMART and 25 (3 to 86) salbutamol and 4 (0 to 39) budesonide/formoterol in Standard, in the 24-hours before attendance. The median (range) maximum daily number of actuations was 14 (9 to 63) budesonide/formoterol in SMART and 46 (6 to 95) salbutamol in Standard. Repeated days of no ICS use occurred in 3/9 patients in the Standard group, despite concomitant salbutamol overuse. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Very high doses of beta-agonists are commonly self-administered by patients for prolonged periods prior to hospital presentation with severe asthma. The opportunity exists for clinical review and appropriate medical intervention during this period, which may reduce the risk of a life-threatening attack.
CHARACTERIZATION OF EXTRACT OF DOG HAIR AND DANDRUFF FROM SIX DIFFERENT DOG BREEDS BY QUANTITATIVE IMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS. IDENTIFICATION OF ALLERGENS BY CROSSED RADIOIMMUNOELECTROPHORESIS (CRIE)
Authors: J. BLANDS, H. LØWENSTEIN, B. WEEKE
Journal: Allergy (1977)

An extract of mixed dog hair and dandruff from six different dog breeds (alsatian, boxer, collie, poodle, and long-haired and short-haired dachshund) was obtained by mild extraction, centrifugation, dialysis and freeze-drying. Extract of hair and dandruff from the individual dog breeds was obtained in the same way, but the material was not freeze-dried. Examination and characterization of the mixed extract by means of crossed immunoelectrophoresis revealed a precipitation pattern composed of 25 antigens, some of which were mutually partially identical, and a high content of dog serum proteins was found. Quantitative and qualitative differences between the individual dog breeds were demonstrated. Partial identity of the antigens of the mixed extract with antigens of serum, antigens of extracts of hair and dandruff from cat, cow, horse and guinea pig, and antigens from extract of house dust was also observed. By means of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis, using sera from 21 patients who were RAST-positive to dog hair and dandruff extract, the specific IgE-binding to antigens of the mixed extract was examined. On the basis of these results major and minor allergens were identified. Dog albumin was found to be a very important major allergen, but alpha1-antitrypsin and gamma-globulin were also identified. Furthermore, four non-serum proteins were shown to be allergens. No breed-specific allergens could be identified in the extracts from the individual dog breeds.
Overexpression of B cell–activating factor of TNF family (BAFF) is associated with Helicobacter pylori–independent growth of gastric diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with histologic evidence of MALT lymphoma
Authors: Sung-Hsin Kuo, Pei-Yen Yeh, Li-Tzong Chen, Ming-Shiang Wu, Chung-Wu Lin, Kun-Huei Yeh, Yi-Shin Tzeng, Jing-Yi Chen, Ping-Ning Hsu, Jaw-Town Lin, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: Blood (2008)
Be All You Can Be Without DRG
Authors: Frank S. Korotney
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To the Editor.  —In the September 18 issue is a full-page advertisement for the US Army.1In it, an army physician extolls the virtues of army medicine. At the end is the following quote:  What I like best is knowing I'm not restricted by DRGs [diagnosis related groups]. I have the relative freedom to order whatever test or procedure I think a patient needs. That's a real medical benefit.  Why is it that I'm restricted and yet a US government employee is not, especially since he considers it a real medical benefit tonotbe so restricted?