tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Critical Ischaemia of the Upper Limb
Authors: M S Quraishy, S J Cawthorn, A E B Giddings
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1992)

Fifty-seven patients who presented to the Royal Surrey County Hospital, Guildford, with critical upper limb ischaemia between 1980 and 1989 were studied. Only 13 patients had emboli, while 23 presented with arteritis, seven involving large vessels and 16 with small vessel disease. Other causes included nine patients with trauma, six with atherosclerosis (of whom five were women), and four with vascular complications of thoracic outlet obstruction. Single examples of ischaemia due to radiation fibrosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation were also seen. Critical ischaemia of the upper limb remains an uncommon yet challenging problem. The review demonstrates that total limb arteriography should be performed in all patients, except the minority who present with direct arterial trauma or classical emboli.
Structure of the human B lymphocyte receptor for C3d and the Epstein-Barr virus and relatedness to other members of the family of C3/C4 binding proteins.
Authors: J J Weis, L E Toothaker, J A Smith, J H Weis, D T Fearon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Human complement receptor type 2 (CR2) is the B lymphocyte receptor for C3d and the Epstein-Barr virus. This protein is also a member of a family of C3b/C4b binding proteins that regulate complement activation, comprise tandemly repeated 60-75 amino acid sequences, and whose genes map to band q32 on chromosome 1. Overlapping cDNA clones encoding the entire human CR2 protein have been isolated from a human tonsillar cDNA library. The derived amino acid sequence of 1,032 residues encodes a peptide of 112,716 mol wt. A signal peptide was identified, followed by 15 copies of the short consensus repeat (SCR) structure common to the C3/C4 binding protein family. The entire extracellular portion of the protein comprised SCRs, thus, the ligand binding sites both for C3d and the EBV protein gp350/220 are positioned within this structure. Immediately following the final SCR was a transmembrane sequence of 24 amino acids and a cytoplasmic region of 34 amino acids. One of five cDNA clones isolated contained an additional SCR, providing evidence for alternative mRNA splicing or gene products of different human alleles. The CR2 cDNAs were used to isolate CR2-specific genomic phage. The entire CR2 coding sequences were found within 20 kb of human DNA. Analysis of the CR2 cDNA sequence indicated that CR2 contained internally homologous regions and suggested that CR2 arose by duplication of a primordial gene sequence encoding four SCRs. Comparison of the CR2 peptide sequence with those of other members of the gene family has identified many regions highly homologous with human CR1, fewer with C4bp and decay accelerating factor, and very few with factor H, and suggested that CR2 and CR1 arose by duplication of the same ancestral gene sequence. The homology between CR2 and CR1 extended to the transmembrane and cytoplasmic regions, suggesting that these sequences were derived from a common membrane-bound precursor.
Right ventricular dyssynchrony measured using speckle tracking strain as a predictive factor in pulmonary hypertension patients
Authors: Bouchra Lamia, Luis-Carlos Molano, Catherine Viacroze, Antoine Cuvelier, Jean-Francois Muir
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  RV function is a major prognosis factor in pulmonary hypertension patients. TAPSE has been described as a good predictive factor in this population. Right ventricular speckle tracking strain analysis can quantify regional contraction and identify RV dyssynchrony.   Objective:  To test whether RV dyssynchrony exists in PH patients and can predict RV function.   Design:  Prospective study.   Results:  42 simultaneous measurements were prospectively obtained using pulmonary artery catheterization and a TTE: hemodynamics, TAPSE, RVEDA/LVEDA. The speckle tracking analysis was used to generate 6 segmental RV strain curves. Time to peak strain from each of 6 time-strain curves was determined with dyssynchrony defined as the difference between earliest and latest segments. Global radial strain was calculated.  MPAP was 38±9 mmHg, PAOP was 12±4 mmHg, cardiac index was 3.0±1.1 L/min/m 2 . TAPSE was 17±7, RVEDA/LVEDA was 1.17±0.64. RV global strain was decreased: -12.7±5.7% and RV had dyssynchrony 155±93 msec.  RV dyssynchrony was significantly correlated to RV dilation: y= 75x + 68, r2=0.25, p   Conclusion:  In our PH patients, we found RV dyssynchrony diagnosed using echocardiographic speckle tracking strain analysis while usual indices of RV function as TAPSE are still normal. This result should be confirmed in a larger population and ask the question. Assessment of RV dyssynchrony could be used for the follow-up of PH patients: predictive factor and non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring. RV resynchronisation therapy could be considered to improve the prognosis of PH patients.
Exercise induced bronchoconstriction and dyspnoea in asthmatic children
Authors: Guylnar Dib-Nehmé, Cyril Schweitzer, Silvia Varechova, Mathias Poussel, Claude Choné-Bonabel, François Marchal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Dyspnoea is thought to signal the mismatch between afferent information arising from the respiratory system and metabolic needs. Dyspnoea is induced by airway obstruction but is variably expressed. A poor perception of dyspnoea has been hypothesized to be a determinant factor to life threatening asthma. Little data on the relationship between obstruction and dyspnoea are available in children.   Aim of the study:  To establish the relation between exercice-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and dyspnoea in asthmatic children.   Methods:  53 asthmatic children (6 - 16 years old) were studied at baseline and 5 min after exercise. Dyspnoea was rated qualitatively=and quantitatively by the pediatric scale “Pictorial-CERT”(ΔSc = 0 to 10). EIB was assessed by the relative change in FEV1 (ΔFEV1) and the child classified as responder (R) or nonresponder (NR) based on a threshold decrease in FEV1 = 8%.   Results:  Anthropometric characteristics and baseline FEV1 were similar in R9s and NR9s. The qualitative items “Pictorial-CERT”, “Pictorial-CERT” and “Pictorial-CERT” were more frequently quoted by R9s than NR9s (p  2  = 0.12; p   Conclusion:  Bronchoconstriction and perception of dyspnoea are significantly but weakly associated in asthmatic children. Some children exhibit a poor perception of EIB. A systematic evaluation of dyspnoea during exercise challenge may help in the screening of subjects at risk of life-threatening asthma.
Familial hypothalamic diabetes insipidus in rats (Brattleboro strain). 1964.
Authors: H Valtin, H A Schroeder
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN 8(8):p 1333-1341, August 1997. | DOI: 10.1681/ASN.V881333
Pharmacocavernometry in the Assessment of Erectile Impotence
Authors: I Eardley, J Vale, S Holmes, A Patel, R S Kirby, J S P Lumley
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1990)

Thirty-three impotent men underwent pharmacocavernometry and cavernography. Ten patients had a good clinical response to 60 mg papaverine, nine had a moderate clinical response and in 14, the response was judged to be a poor one. Twelve patients had evidence of abnormal venous leakage from the corpora. Subsequent investigation with isotope phallography showed six patients to have arterial insufficiency and in three of these patients this was amenable to reconstructive vascular surgery. We conclude that pharmacocavernometry provides a useful, cheap and reliable method for the investigation of impotent men which may be performed on an outpatient basis.
Highly multiplexed SOMAmer assays as a flexible platform for protein biomarker discovery research
Authors: Nicholas A. Saccomano, Sheri Wilcox, Dom Zichi, Stephan Kraemer, Nebojsa Janjic, Larry Gold, Deb Ayers, Chris Bock, Tracy Keeney, Ed Brody, Jon Vaught
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract SomaLogic presents a transformative proteomic biomarker discovery technology that measures ~1000 human proteins in low volumes (~15 of uL biological sample) with a high-performance, high-throughput, and economical assay. Limits of detection average 1 pM and the overall dynamic range spans 7 logs with ~5% average coefficient of variation. This technology is enabled by a new class of DNA aptamers — “SOMAmers” — that contain novel chemicallymodified nucleotides, which greatly expand the physicochemical diversity of the large combinatorial SELEX libraries from which they are selected. Proteins are measured with a process that transforms a signature of protein concentrations into a representative DNA concentration signature, which is quantified with a DNA microarray. We demonstrate the utility of this technology in a large clinical biomarker discovery study of non-small cell lung cancer, as well as in alternate biological matrices.
Randomized comparison of pentostatin versus interferon alfa-2a in previously untreated patients with hairy cell leukemia: an intergroup study.
Authors: M Grever, K Kopecky, M K Foucar, D Head, J M Bennett, R E Hutchison, W E Corbett, P A Cassileth, T Habermann, H Golomb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE Therapy of hairy cell leukemia has markedly improved. Interferon alfa-2a and pentostatin are active agents. The National Cancer Institute organized an intergroup trial to compare these agents prospectively in untreated patients. METHODS Patients were randomized to receive either interferon alfa-2a (3 x 10(6) U subcutaneously three times per week) or pentostatin (4 mg/m2 intravenously every 2 weeks). Patients who did not respond to initial treatment were crossed over. RESULTS Of 356 patients on study, 313 were eligible. Among interferon patients, 17 of 159 (11%) achieved a confirmed complete remission and 60 of 159 (38%) had a confirmed complete or partial remission. Among pentostatin patients, 117 of 154 (76%) achieved a confirmed complete remission and 121 of 154 (79%) had a confirmed complete or partial remission. Additional patients achieved criteria for complete remission, but lacked confirmatory follow-up evaluation. Response rates were significantly higher (P &lt; .0001) and relapse-free survival was significantly longer with pentostatin than interferon (P &lt; .0001). The median follow-up duration is 57 months (range, 19 to 82). Myelosuppression was more frequent with pentostatin (P = .013). A multivariate logistic regression analysis of the confirmed complete remissions on pentostatin showed the following factors to be important for achieving a complete remission: high hemoglobin level (two-tailed P = .024), young age (P = .0085), and no or little splenomegaly (P = .0029). CONCLUSION Both agents were well tolerated. Pentostatin produced higher response rates, and the responses were durable. Patient age and clinical status had an impact on outcome with pentostatin. Pentostatin is effective therapy for hairy cell leukemia.
Patterns of relapse after autologous purged bone marrow transplantation for neuroblastoma: a Childrens Cancer Group pilot study.
Authors: K K Matthay, J B Atkinson, D O Stram, M Selch, C P Reynolds, R C Seeger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE The goal of this investigation was to determine if comparing sites of neuroblastoma at relapse after myeloablative chemoradiotherapy and purged autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) with sites of disease at diagnosis and before ABMT could provide insight to the reasons for treatment failure. PATIENTS AND METHODS Ninety-nine patients with high-risk neuroblastoma underwent ABMT after induction chemotherapy, surgery +/- local radiation (RT) and then myeloablative therapy with teniposide (or etoposide), melphalan, doxorubicin, cisplatin, and total-body irradiation (TBI). RESULTS Forty-one of 84 assessable patients (15 toxic deaths) developed progressive disease 1 to 44 months after ABMT. The overall probability of relapse 36 months after ABMT was 49%. Tumor recurred in primary (n = 22), bone (n = 20), bone marrow (n = 18), lung (n = 3), and other sites (n = 9). Eight patients relapsed in the primary site alone, 14 in primary and distant sites, and 19 in distant sites only. Of 41 patients with progressive disease, 33 have died, with a median interval from relapse to death of 4 months. Both bone and bone marrow involvement at diagnosis correlated with specific relapse in that site (P &lt; .05). Bone marrow tumor content at harvest greater than 0.1% also correlated with bone marrow relapse (P = .001). There was an association between incomplete resection of the primary tumor at diagnosis and relapse in that site (P = .06). CONCLUSION Neuroblastoma normally recurs in multiple sites after ABMT, particularly in areas of previous disease. More intensive treatment to known areas of disease (aggressive early surgery, effective myeloablative consolidation therapy) and post-ABMT therapy for minimal residual disease should be studied for their potential to decrease the frequency of relapse.
Testosterone deprivation has neither additive nor synergistic effects with obesity on the cognitive impairment in orchiectomized and/or obese male rats
Authors: Hiranya Pintana, Wasana Pratchayasakul, Piangkwan Sa-nguanmoo, Wanpitak Pongkan, Rungroj Tawinvisan, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
The polyamine spermine is increased in cystic fibrosis airway secretions
Authors: Hartmut Grasemann, Darakhshanda Shehnaz, Paul Pencharz, Felix Ratjen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale:  Sputum arginase contributes to the nitric oxide (NO) deficiency in cystic fibrosis (CF) airways. Ornithine, the product of arginase activity, is the precursor of polyamines, which may play a role in the pulmonary response to injury and remodeling.   Objective:  To measure concentrations of spermine in sputum of CF patients.   Methods:  Using mass spectrometry, spermine was measured in sputum of clinically stable patients with CF (n=10), CF patients before and after antibiotic treatment for a pulmonary exacerbation (N=10) and healthy controls (n=10). CF patients were 7-17 years of age. Mean FEV1 in the stable CF patients was 80.4 (range 47-117)% of predicted values. FEV1 in CF patients presenting with a pulmonary exacerbation was 50.8±3.5 (range 36-69)% of predicted and improved by 13.5 (±2.8)% with treatment.   Results:  Mean (±SEM) spermine concentration in sputum was significantly higher in stable CF than controls (1.71±0.59 vs. 0.22±0.05 μmol/ml, p=0.02). Spermine concentrations were highest in CF patients presenting with a pulmonary exacerbation (9.10±1.62 μmol/ml) and decreased to levels similar to stable CF (1.68±0.33 μmol/ml, p   Conclusions:  Spermine is significantly increased in the airways of patients with CF and linked to increase arginase activity. Further studies of the role of the polyamines for CF lung disease are warranted, as they may contribute to airways obstruction and remodeling.
A Direct Mechanism of Mammary Carcinogenesis Induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene2
Authors: Dilip Sinha, Thomas L. Dao
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article A Direct Mechanism of Mammary Carcinogenesis Induced by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene Get access Dilip Sinha, Dilip Sinha Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas L. Dao Thomas L. Dao 3Department of Breast Surgery and Endocrine Research Laboratory, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, N.Y. 14203. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 3, September 1974, Pages 841–846, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.3.841 Published: 01 September 1974 Article history Received: 07 March 1974 Accepted: 20 May 1974 Published: 01 September 1974
Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Southern African Blacks With Hepatocellular Cancer2
Authors: M. C. Kew, J. Desmyler, A. F. Bradburne, G. M. Macnab
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

The association between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and hepatocellular cancer (HCC) in southern African blacks was investigated by examination of patients' sera for all the currently known markers of HBV. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) was present in the sera of 61.6% (178/289) of the patients compared with only 11.3% (24/213) of age-matched, sex-matched, and ethnically matched controls (P less than 0.001). Antibody against HBsAg was found in 17% of the patients and 41.7% of the controls (P less than 0.001). In 74 patients studied in more detail, antibody against the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) was detected in 89%, almost always in high or moderately high titer. Anti-HBc was found in 37.5% of the controls. Active HBV infection, as indicated by positive tests for HBsAg or anti-HBc, was present in 91% of the patients compared with 39.4% of the controls (P less than 0.001). Hepatitis B e-antigen was detected in 2.3% and its specific antibody in 20.5% of the patients. The corresponding figures in the controls were 0 and 55%. HBs antigenemia was more common in younger patients with HCC. No relationship was demonstrated between alpha-fetoprotein and HBs antigenemia. HBV infection was equally common in patients with and without cirrhosis in the nontumorous liver.
Identification of Interleukin‐1β–Producing Monocytes That Are Susceptible to Pyronecrotic Cell Death in Patients With Neonatal‐Onset Multisystem Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Jehad H. Edwan, Raphaela Goldbach‐Mansky, Robert A. Colbert
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Spontaneous inflammatory responses initiated by NLRP3 mutations promote inflammasome-mediated interleukin-1β (IL-1β) processing and release and can induce rapid necrotic cell death. The cells that produce IL-1β in neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease (NOMID) have not been clearly identified, nor have the mechanisms mediating IL-1β release and cell death been completely elucidated.
Cell Transplantation Improves Ventricular Function After a Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Byung-Ok Kim, Hai Tian, Kriengchai Prasongsukarn, Jun Wu, Denis Angoulvant, Stephan Wnendt, Andreas Muhs, Dimitry Spitkovsky, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Cell transplantation offers the promise in the restoration of ventricular function after an extensive myocardial infarction, but the optimal cell type remains controversial. Human unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) isolated from umbilical cord blood have great potential to differentiate into myogenic cells and induce angiogenesis. The present study evaluated the effect of USSCs on myocardial regeneration and improvement of heart function after myocardial infarction in a porcine model. Method and Results— The distal left anterior descending artery of Yorkshire pigs (30 to 35 kg) was occluded by endovascular implantation of a coil. Four weeks after infarction, single-photon emission computed tomography technetium 99m sestamibi scans (MIBI) and echocardiography were performed. USSCs (100×10 6 ) or culture media were then directly injected into the infarcted region (n=8 per group). Pigs were immunosuppressed by daily administration of cyclosporin A. At 4 weeks after transplantation, MIBI and echocardiography were repeated and heart function was also assessed with a pressure-volume catheter. The infarcted myocardium and implanted cells were studied histologically. MIBI showed improved regional perfusion ( P &lt;0.05) and wall motion ( P &lt;0.05) of the infarct region in the transplant group compared with the control. Ejection fraction evaluated by both MIBI and echocardiography decreased in the control group but increased in the transplant group ( P &lt;0.01). Scar thickness of the transplant group was higher than the control. The grafted cells were detected 4 weeks after transplantation by both immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Conclusion— Engrafted USSCs were detected in the infarct region 4 weeks after cell transplantation, and the implanted cells improved regional and global function of the porcine heart after a myocardial infarction. This study suggests that the USSC implantation will be efficacious for cellular cardiomyoplasty.
Imported cases of dengue virus infection: Emilia-Romagna, Italy, 2010
Authors: A. Pierro, S. Varani, G. Rossini, P. Gaibani, F. Cavrini, A.C. Finarelli, P. Macini, R. Cagarelli, A. Mattivi, P. Angelini, M.P. Landini, V. Sambri
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
Prognosis of Fibrotic Interstitial Pneumonia
Authors: Joo Hun Park, Dong Soon Kim, I-Nae Park, Se Jin Jang, Masanori Kitaichi, Andrew G. Nicholson, Thomas V. Colby
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

To investigate whether the better prognosis of interstitial pneumonias associated with collagen vascular disease (CVD) compared with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) is due to higher frequency of the nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern in CVD, we compared the outcomes of patients from these two groups with the same histopathologic pattern.The clinical features and survival of 362 patients (269 with IIP and 93 with CVD) diagnosed using surgical lung biopsy were analyzed.The mean survival of the CVD group (131.0 mo) was longer than that of the IIP group (80.5 mo) (p<0.0001). The patients with usual interstitial pneumonia pattern among the CVD group (n=36) was younger, female, and predominantly nonsmoking compared with the IIP group (n=203). Although baseline lung functions were not significantly different, the CVD group survived longer (mean, 177.0 mo) than the IIP group (mean, 66.9 +/- 6.5 mo; p=0.001). By multivariate analysis, younger age, better pulmonary function, and the presence of a CVD were independent prognostic factors. In NSIP pattern, no significant differences in survival, clinical features, or lung function were found between the two groups.Our data suggest that the better prognosis of patients in the CVD group is not solely due to the predominance of the NSIP pattern. The prognosis of patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia pattern in CVD is better than in those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, despite the same pathologic pattern. In contrast, in those with an NSIP pattern, the prognosis is similar in both groups.
Actinomycin D: Kinetics of Its Lethal Action on a Transplantable Leukemia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Teresa Vietti, Fred Valeriote
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Survival of leukemic cells was determined as a function of time after a single intraperitoneal injection of 10 μg/mouse of actinomycin D. Leukemic mice were given actinomycin D and their femoral marrows assayed for leukemic colony-forming units at intervals thereafter. Initially the surviving fraction decreased rapidly to a plateau which lasted for 4 hours and was followed by an exponential decrease over the next 20–24 hours, after which repopulation occurred. In a second study, animals were given 106 leukemic cells intravenously at various times after actinomycin D, and cytocidal concentrations were discernible during the ensuing 24 hours. These studies indicate that, after a single large dose of actinomycin D, cytotoxic concentrations remain in the host for up to 24 hours.