tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect on weight gain of routinely giving albendazole to preschool children during child health days in Uganda: cluster randomised controlled trial
Authors: Harold Alderman, Joseph Konde-Lule, Isaac Sebuliba, Donald Bundy, Andrew Hall
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the third leading cause of death worldwide, is highly heritable. While COPD is clinically defined by applying thresholds to summary measures of lung function, a quantitative liability score has more power to identify new genetic signals. Here we train a deep convolutional neural network on noisy self-reported and ICD-based labels to predict COPD case/control status from high-dimensional raw spirograms and use the model predictions as a liability score. The machine-learning-based (ML-based) liability score accurately discriminates COPD cases and controls (AUROC = 0.82 <i>±</i> 0.01) and COPD-related hospitalization (AUROC = 0.89 <i>±</i> 0.01) without any domain-specific knowledge. Moreover, the ML-based liability score is associated with overall survival (Hazard ratio = 1.22 <i>±</i> 0.01; P ≤ 2 <i>×</i> 10<sup>−16</sup>) and exacerbation events (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.10 <i>±</i> 0.01; P ≤ 4 <i>×</i> 10<sup>−101</sup>). A genome-wide association study on the ML-based liability score replicates existing COPD and lung function loci, but also identifies 67 new loci. Thirty-eight of these have supportive evidence in independent datasets, including a locus near <i>LTBR</i>. We demonstrate the biological plausibility of the novel variants through enrichment analyses, phenome-wide association studies, and generalizability of COPD prediction in multiple datasets. These results provide an example of the potential to improve genetic discovery of disease-relevant variants by training deep neural networks to predict noisy labels from high-dimensional raw data.
Weaning to a Partially Hydrolyzed Whey Formula at Three Months of Age Protects Against the Later Development of Anti-Cow Milk IgE Antibodies in Comparison to Whole Cow's Milk or Extensively Hydrolyzed Whey Formulas
Authors: R.U. Sorensen, J. Inostroza, E. Hebel, A.M. Vinet, J. Fierro, A. Roman, K. Mason
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY / INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH EXTREME OBESITY (BMI ≥ 40): RADIAL VERSUS FEMORAL APPROACH
Authors: Benjamin M. Hibbert, Trevor Simard, Michel R. Le May, Derek Y. So, Chris Glover, Michael P. Froeschl, Jean-Francois Marquis, Marino Labinaz, Alexander Dick, Edward R. O'Brien
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
1101-64 Six-month intracoronary ultrasound findings following sirolimus-eluting stents for the treatment of restenosis-prone coronary lesions
Authors: JoséSuárez de Lezo, Alfonso Medina, Miguel Romero, Manuel Pan, José Segura, Antonio Delgado, Djordje Pavlovic, Isabel Ureña, Enrique Hernández, Juan Herrador, Federico Segura, Francisco Melián
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Book: Surgery of the Soul: Reflections on a Curious Career
Authors: S. A Pai
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Joseph E Murray Science History Publications/USA, $35, pp 255 For ordering details, see www.shpusa.com// Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> ISBN 0 88135 255 1 S urgery of the Soul is a most unusual book by a most unusual surgeon. Joseph Murray is one of only four surgeons to have received the highest honour in science—the Nobel prize (in 1990). This was for his contributions to the field of transplantation. In 1954, Murray performed the first kidney transplant in a human being. Later, he concentrated on developing cosmetic plastic surgery (“my true surgical identity”) into … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
A compound heterozygous mutation in the CYP17 (17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase) gene in a Chinese subject with congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Authors: Gin-Sing Won, Chih-Yang Chiu, Yi-Chu Tso, Shwu-Fen Jenq, Pi-Sung Cheng, Tjin-Shing Jap
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Adenoviral-mediated delivery of early growth response factor-1 gene increases tissue perfusion in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia
Authors: Young-Sam Lee, Hyung-Suk Jang, Jeong-Min Kim, Jung-Sun Lee, Jae-Young Lee, Koung Li Kim, In-Soon Shin, Wonhee Suh, Jin-Ho Choi, Eun-Seok Jeon, Jonghoe Byun, Duk-Kyung Kim
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

To test the hypothesis that overexpression of early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1) contributes to the revascularization of ischemic limbs, a constitutively active form of Egr-1 (Egr-1*) was made and evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Analyses of the transduced myocytes revealed significant upregulation of bFGF, PDGF-A, PDGF-B, IGF-II, and TGF-β1. A coculture assay of the paracrine effects indicated that Ad-Egr-1* promoted proliferation and migration of endothelial cells. When Ad-Egr-1* was injected into the tibialis anterior muscle of mice, followed by explant culture in growth factor-reduced Matrigel, many capillary-like structures were observed in the Egr-1* group compared with minimal sprouting from the LacZ group, suggesting an angiogenic potential of Egr-1*. Next we evaluated Ad-Egr-1* in a murine model of hindlimb ischemia. Compared with slow revascularization in the control PBS or LacZ group, a rapid increase in tissue perfusion was observed in the Egr-1* group and the difference in flux ratio was statistically significant at day 7. In the injected muscle, expression of Egr-1*, upregulation of its target genes, and increased number of vessels staining positive for smooth muscle α-actin were observed. These results suggest that Egr-1 plays an important role in vascular recovery after occlusion and could be a potential target for therapeutic angiogenesis.
Bcl-xl reduces doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage but fails to control cardiac gene downregulation
Authors: K Kunisada
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

Objective: We recently reported that doxorubicin (Dox), an effective anti-cancer drug, induces apoptosis in cardiac myocytes in association with reduction of Bcl-xl expression. In the present study, we further examined whether overexpression of Bcl-xl ameliorates Dox-induced cardiac myocyte damage. Methods and results: Overexpression of the Bcl-xl gene by adenovirus vector resulted in an 11-fold increase in Bcl-xl protein in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (BCL) compared to that in cells with β-galactosidase gene transfection (CTL). Although Dox treatment generated similar amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BCL and CTL, cell viability was maintained and the number of apoptotic cardiac myocytes was significantly decreased in BCL. Cytochrome c release and enhanced caspase-3 activity after Dox treatment were significantly suppressed and Bax expression level was decreased in BCL. Cardiac-specific gene expression is known to be inhibited by Dox. The expression of cardiac α-actin and sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase 2a mRNA was equally inhibited in BCL and CTL after Dox treatment. Conclusions: Overexpression of Bcl-xl in cardiac myocytes failed to regulate Dox-induced ROS generation and cardiac-specific gene downregulation but inhibited apoptosis accompanied by reduction of Bax protein.
A randomised trial of hospital versus home administered enemas for flexible sigmoidoscopy
Authors: J. N Lund, D. Buckley, D. Bennett, C. Maxwell-Armstrong, A. Smith, G. Tierney, J. Scholefield
Journal: BMJ (1998)

For flexible sigmoidoscopy adequate preparation of the left side of the colon is essential.This is often achieved by administration of a phosphate enema by nursing staff in the endoscopy department.Patients may find the procedure embarrassing; it is also time consuming for the nurses.Home administered oral bowel preparation has been reported as safe, cheap, and effective, but no studies have compared home with hospital administration of enemas. 1-3We report a randomised trial of hospital administered enemas versus enemas administered by patients at home.
Carcinoma in Situ and Evaluation of Epithelial Changes in Laryngopharyngeal Biopsies
Authors: Walter C. Bauer
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In a classic paper published in 1952, Altmann et al<sup>4</sup>first drew attention to a series of patients with carcinoma of the larynx in whom the malignant changes were largely limited to the mucosa. Carcinoma in situ or intraepithelial carcinoma of the larynx and pharynx is now widely recognized, and with few minor variations there is general agreement as to the histologic requirements for the diagnosis.<sup>5-9</sup>These requirements have been spelled out best for lesions of the uterine cervix<sup>10</sup>; we employ them for laryngopharyngeal lesions essentially without change. The characteristics include replacement of the full thickness of the epithelium by cells with the cytologic characteristics of malignancy, a lack of maturation or differentiation, and an absence of invasion. These essential features are depicted in Fig 3. It is generally recognized that the superficial cell layer may show some flattening and minimal piling up of cells, and also
Book Review Coronary Angioplasty Video Tutorial By David A. Clark. Includes Coronary Angioplasty, 2nd ed., 302 pp., illustrated, and four videocassettes, total running time 5 hours. New York, Wiley-Liss, 1991. $495. 0-471-56109-6
Authors: Donald S. Baim
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Preventive effect of hydrolyzed infant formulas persists until age 6 years: Long-term results from the German Infant Nutritional Intervention Study (GINI)
Authors: Andrea von Berg, Birgit Filipiak-Pittroff, Ursula Krämer, Elke Link, Christina Bollrath, Inken Brockow, Sibylle Koletzko, Armin Grübl, Joachim Heinrich, H.-Erich Wichmann, Carl-P. Bauer, Dietrich Reinhardt, Dietrich Berdel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Abstract 14700: Notch1 Overexpression Reprograms Adult Myocytes to an Immature Functional Phenotype
Authors: Hussein Rayatzadeh, Mauricio C Cabral-Da-Silva, Joao Ferreira-Martins, Noriko Ide-Iwata, Elisabeth Steadman, Narasimman Gurusamy, Hanqiao Zheng, Christian Arranto, Fumihiro Sanada, Barbara Ogorek, Claudia Fiorini, Luigi Anastasia, Polina Goichberg, Jan Kajstura, Piero Anversa, Toru Hosoda, Konrad Urbanek, Annarosa Leri, Marcello Rota
Journal: Circulation (2010)

In the adult heart Notch1 favors the early commitment of cardiac stem cells to the myocyte lineage and maintains the newly formed cells in a highly proliferative state, commonly seen in transit amplifying myocytes. The aim of this study was to determine whether Notch1 overexpression was capable of inducing adult myocytes to re-enter a more primitive physiological phenotype with properties of newly formed fetal-neonatal cells. To test this hypothesis, α-MHC-N1ICD mice were utilized because, in these animals, the expression of the active fragment of Notch1 (N1ICD) and GFP are driven by a tamoxifen-inducible α-MHC promoter. Upon Cre recombination, a pool of myocytes expressed the N1ICD-GFP transgene, allowing us to define their electrophysiological and molecular characteristics. The protocols employed included immunolabeling, patch-clamp and quantitative RT-PCR. N1ICD overexpression was associated with a 40% upregulation of the cell cycle protein Ki67, documenting that this myocyte population conserved a hig...
A Manual of Simple Burial
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Death brings problems—psychological, social, economic, and medical. Various customs and social conventions, often desirable, often prejudicial to the survivors, nevertheless may have a strong hold. And in the shock of grief the family may not be able to face adequately the inevitable problems. A little thought, ahead of time, will contribute enormously to the peace of mind of the family. In a splendidly written pamphlet, calm and dispassionate, Ernest Morgan discusses some of the important problems. He holds for simplicity and dignity in funerals, and encourages families who would resist the rapacious tendencies of some funeral directors. He discusses memorial services and offers useful advice in planning of such services. Moreover, he provides much information about funeral societies and memorial societies, which are becoming more and more popular. In a most helpful fashion he provides details on eye banks and bone banks and the procedures to be followed, as well
Cutaneous protothecosis in an AIDS patient
Authors: S. Piyophirapong, R. Linpiyawan, P. Mahaisavariya, C. Muanprasat, A. Chaiprasert, P. Suthipinittharm
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Cutaneous protothecosis in an AIDS patient Get access S. Piyophirapong, S. Piyophirapong Departments of Clinical Pathology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Linpiyawan, R. Linpiyawan Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Mahaisavariya, P. Mahaisavariya Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Muanprasat, C. Muanprasat Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Chaiprasert, A. Chaiprasert Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkok 10700, Thailand Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Suthipinittharm P. Suthipinittharm Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 4, 1 April 2002, Pages 713–715, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.47698.x Published: 01 April 2002
WNT5A Expression Increases during Melanoma Progression and Correlates with Outcome
Authors: Philip D. Da Forno, J. Howard Pringle, Peter Hutchinson, Joy Osborn, Qiang Huang, Linda Potter, Rachael A. Hancox, Alan Fletcher, Gerald S. Saldanha
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: Wnt ligands play a major role in development and are important in cancer. Expression microarray analysis correlates one member of this family, WNT5A, to a subclass of melanomas with increased motility and invasion. There are no large studies of clinical samples primarily addressing the importance of WNT5A in melanoma progression or outcome. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the protein expression of WNT5A during melanoma progression and its effect on outcome. Experimental Design: Expression of WNT5A was determined in a series of 59 primary melanomas with matched metastases. To provide a benchmark of progression against which to assess WNT5A, expression of p16ink4a was analyzed, as this has been previously well documented in melanoma. The effect of WNT5A protein expression on outcome was assessed in 102 melanomas. Results: Cytoplasmic WNT5A showed a trend of increasing expression with melanoma progression (P = 0.013), whereas there was diminishing p16ink4a expression (P = 0.006). Nevi showed relatively strong WNT5A expression. Strong cytoplasmic WNT5A was an independent risk factor for reduced metastasis-free and overall survival in multivariate analysis (P = 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: Cytoplasmic WNT5A increases with melanoma progression and strong expression is associated with poor outcome.
Kenneth Hugh-Jones
Authors: G. Hamway
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Kenneth Hugh-Jones (“H-J”) was the son of Evan Bonnor Hugh-Jones CB. He was educated at Uppingham School and trained in London. His house staff appointments were spent in Poole, Dorset. Subsequently he was posted to Palestine and Tripoli with the Royal Army Medical Corps.

His interest in paediatrics began in 1952, working at the Great Ormond Street Hospital for Sick Children in London. It was during his time as chief assistant at St Bartholomew’s Hospital that he won a Fulbright Fellowship to a Children’s unit in Chicago where he pursued his research into genetically related disease. He carried out an extensive review of galactosaemia and hyperbilirubinaemia in premature infants.

After returning to the UK, H-J held consultant posts from 1961in paediatrics at St Albans City Hospital, Mount Vernon Hospital (Northwood, Middlesex), and Queen Elizabeth II (Welwyn Garden City, Herts), and was appointed to the Westminster Children’s Hospital (WCH) in 1966. At Westminster, his research interests included urinary tract infections, dyslexia, and asthma. In 1970, …
Potential Confounding Features in <i>p53</i> Gene Therapy of Recurrent Glioma
Authors: Robert J. Weil
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

of the Journal of Clinical Oncology, evaluating the results of a phase III trial comparing docetaxel (DOC) plus platinum combination (cisplatin [CDDP] or carboplatin) versus vinorelbine (VNR) plus CDDP
Clinical Remarks on Repeated Haemoptyses in Non-Tuberculous Subjects, with Illustrative Cases
Authors: D. Newman
Journal: BMJ (1897)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix within tumours control multiple cellular functions that drive cancer invasion and metastasis. However, the mechanisms controlling microenvironmental force sensation and transmission, and how these regulate transcriptional reprogramming and invasion, are unclear. Our aim was to understand how mechanical inputs are transmitted bidirectionally and translated into biochemical and transcriptional outputs to drive breast cancer progression. We reveal that adhesion receptor and growth factor receptor crosstalk regulates a bidirectional feedback mechanism co-ordinating force-dependent transcriptional regulation and invasion. Integrin αVβ6 drives invasion in a range of carcinomas and is a potential therapeutic target. αVβ6 exhibits unique biophysical properties that promote force-generation and increase matrix rigidity. We employed an inter-disciplinary approach incorporating proteomics, biophysical techniques and multi-modal live-cell imaging to dissect the role of αVβ6-EGFR crosstalk on transmission of mechanical signals bidirectionally between the extracellular matrix and nucleus. We show that αVβ6 expression correlates with poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and drives invasion of TNBC cells. Moreover, our data show that a complex regulatory mechanism exists involving crosstalk between αVβ6 integrin and EGFR that impacts matrix stiffness, force transmission to the nucleus, transcriptional reprogramming and microenvironment rigidity. αVβ6 engagement triggers EGFR &amp; MAPK signalling and αVβ6-EGFR crosstalk regulates mutual receptor trafficking mechanisms. Consequently, EGF stimulation suppresses αVβ6-mediated force-application on the matrix and nuclear shuttling of force-dependent transcriptional co-activators YAP/TAZ. Finally, we show that crosstalk between αVβ6 &amp; EGFR regulates TNBC invasion. We propose a model whereby αVβ6-EGFR crosstalk regulates matrix stiffening, but also the transmission of extracellular forces into the cell in order to co-ordinate transcriptional reprogramming and invasion. To exploit adhesion receptors and receptor tyrosine kinases therapeutically, it will be essential to understand the integration of their signalling functions and how crosstalk mechanisms influence invasion and the response of tumours to molecular therapeutics.
Prenatal Exposure to Maternal Cigarette Smoking and DNA Methylation: Epigenome-Wide Association in a Discovery Sample of Adolescents and Replication in an Independent Cohort at Birth through 17 Years of Age
Authors: Ken W.K. Lee, Rebecca Richmond, Pingzhao Hu, Leon French, Jean Shin, Celine Bourdon, Eva Reischl, Melanie Waldenberger, Sonja Zeilinger, Tom Gaunt, Wendy McArdle, Susan Ring, Geoff Woodward, Luigi Bouchard, Daniel Gaudet, George Davey Smith, Caroline Relton, Tomas Paus, Zdenka Pausova
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Prenatal exposure to maternal cigarette smoking (prenatal smoke exposure) had been associated with altered DNA methylation (DNAm) at birth.
Injectable intratumoral depot of thermally responsive polypeptide–radionuclide conjugates delays tumor progression in a mouse model
Authors: Wenge Liu, J. Andrew MacKay, Matthew R. Dreher, Mingnan Chen, Jonathan R. McDaniel, Andrew J. Simnick, Daniel J. Callahan, Michael R. Zalutsky, Ashutosh Chilkoti
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Relative chemokine and adhesion molecule expression in Mediterranean spotted fever and African tick bite fever
Authors: Jan K. Damås, Giovanni Davì, Mogens Jensenius, Francesca Santilli, Kari Otterdal, Thor Ueland, Trude H. Flo, Egil Lien, Terje Espevik, Stig S. Frøland, Giustina Vitale, Didier Raoult, Pål Aukrust
Journal: Journal of Infection (2008)
Pacemaker Failure and ECG
Authors: LEONARD I. GOLDSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 March 1970Pacemaker Failure and ECGLEONARD I. GOLDSTEIN, M.D.LEONARD I. GOLDSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-3-440 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the the editor: The article by Rubin, Arbeit, and Gross (Ann Intern Med71:603-615, 1969) provides valuable information in the electrocardiographic recognition of pacemaker function and failure. Another valuable bedside clue to the diagnosis of proper pacemaker function is the recognition of reversed splitting of the second heart sound. Haber and Leatham (1) have demonstrated that abnormal splitting of the second heart sound occurs in patients with right ventricular pacemakers. The pacemaker produces a functional left bundle branch block that accounts for a delay in the spread of conduction to the left ventricle and therefore produces a delay in...Reference1. HABERLEATHAM EA: Splitting of heart sounds from ventricular asynchrony in bundle branch block, ventricular ectopic beats, and artificial pacing. Brit Heart J 27:691, 1965 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harbor General Hospital UCLA School of Medicine Torrance, Calif. 90509 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1970Volume 72, Issue 3Page: 440-441KeywordsElectrocardiographyHeartLeft bundle branch blockLeft ventriclePacemakersPatient advocacy Issue Published: 1 March 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Consumption of Alcohol in the Far and Middle East
Authors: Morris E. Chafetz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

PREVIOUS studies on alcoholism in Eastern Europe1 , 2 and the United States3 prompted a personal investigation of the use and nonuse of alcohol and alcoholism in a number of countries of the Far and Middle East in the hope that ideas for preventive approaches to alcoholism might result from such a study.JapanA country with a long history of isolation from the rest of the world, Japan before World War II sought simplicity, beauty and peace in quiet and complete control of feelings. Role models for men and women were clearly delineated. The day-to-day reality-oriented religion of Shintoism was successfully . . .