tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis: Its Natural Course and Treatment.
Authors: J. A. Colwell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

Abstracts1 May 1961Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis: Its Natural Course and Treatment.Authors: J. A. Colwell, M.D., and S. P. Tillman, M.D.Author, Article, & Disclosure InformationPublication: Annals of Internal MedicineVolume 54, Number 5https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1054_1 Get AccessSubmit a CommentContributors must reveal any conflict of interest. Comments are moderated. Please see our information for authorsregarding comments on an Annals publication.Name (if multiple authors, separate names by comma)Name field is requiredComment TitleTitle field is requiredAffiliation & Institution (max characters: 200)Affiliations field is requiredCommentComment field is requiredPlease disclose any conflicts of interest or leave the box unchecked if you have noneDisclosure of Any Conflicts of InterestCancelSubmit
Regulation of Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase gene expression by sodium ions in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes.
Authors: K Yamamoto, U Ikeda, Y Seino, Y Tsuruya, A Oguchi, K Okada, S Ishikawa, T Saito, K Kawakami, Y Hara
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Na,K-ATPase (Na,K-pump) plays an important role in the regulation of intracellular ion composition. The purpose of this study is to determine whether Na+ regulates the levels of mRNA coding for Na,K-ATPase alpha and beta subunits in cultured neonatal rat cardiocytes. We measured intracellular Na+ levels ([Na+]i) in cardiocytes using a Na(+)-sensitive fluorescence dye (SBFI). 1 mM ouabain caused a significant increase in [Na+]i in cardiocytes; from 12.8 +/- 0.3 to 28.8 +/- 1.8 mM. Exposure of cardiocytes to 1 mM ouabain resulted in a three- to fourfold increase in alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 mRNA accumulation, and an approximate two-fold increase in beta 1 mRNA accumulation. A maximum elevation was reached at 60 min in both cases. The ouabain-induced alpha 1 mRNA accumulation was still observed in the Ca(2+)-free culture medium. Exposure of cardiocytes to 10 microM monensin in the absence of extracellular Ca2+ also resulted in a threefold increase in alpha 1 mRNA accumulation. The increased alpha 1 mRNA expression by 1 mM ouabain was associated with a fourfold increase in alpha 1 subunit protein accumulation. Transfection experiments with chimeric plasmids containing 5'-flanking sequences of alpha 1, alpha 2, and alpha 3 isoform genes and a luciferase reporter gene revealed that 1 mM ouabain caused a twofold increase in luciferase activity in each alpha system. These results suggest that Na+ directly regulates Na,K-ATPase gene expression in cardiocytes. The transfection study further supports the premise that Na(+)-responsive elements are located within the 5'-flanking sequences of each alpha isoform gene.
Judging a Confession
Authors: H. James Merchant
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Letters6 April 2004Judging a ConfessionH. James Merchant, MDH. James Merchant, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-140-7-200404060-00041 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:I am pleased that Dr. Feit read my story and took the time to write to the Editor, but she seems to have misunderstood where my sympathies lay. Perhaps the story is unclear.“There were some things I didn't think Colonel Pennypacker had to see” follows from, rather than contradicts, “It was, after all, her private matter.” To spell it out, since I did not (and still do not) know what he knew, I thought it would be destructive to the marriage, and a breach of her privacy, to provide him with incontrovertible evidence of her extramarital sexual ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Note: H. James Merchant, MD, is a pseudonym. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoConfession H. James Merchant Judging a Confession Sheila Feit Metrics 6 April 2004Volume 140, Issue 7Page: 586KeywordsEmotionsHuman sexual behavior ePublished: 6 April 2004 Issue Published: 6 April 2004 CopyrightCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cardiac Tissue Slice Transplantation as a Model to Assess Tissue-Engineered Graft Thickness, Survival, and Function
Authors: Johannes Riegler, Astrid Gillich, Qi Shen, Joseph D. Gold, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Cell therapies offer the potential to improve cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Although injection of single-cell suspensions has proven safe, cell retention and survival rates are low. Tissue-engineered grafts allow cell delivery with minimal initial cell loss and mechanical support to the heart. However, graft performance cannot be easily compared, and optimal construct thickness, vascularization, and survival kinetics are unknown.Cardiac tissue slices (CTS) were generated by sectioning mouse hearts (n=40) expressing firefly luciferase and green fluorescent protein into slices of defined size and thickness using a vibrating blade microtome. Bioluminescence imaging of CTS transplanted onto hearts of immunodeficient mice demonstrated survival of ≤30% of transplanted cells. Cardiac slice perfusion was re-established within 3 days, likely through anastomosis of pre-existing vessels with the host vasculature and invasion of vessels from the host. Immunofluorescence showed a peak in cell death 3 days after transplantation and a gradual decline thereafter. MRI revealed preservation of contractile function and an improved ejection fraction 1 month after transplantation of CTS (28±2% CTS versus 22±2% control; P=0.05). Importantly, this effect was specific to CTS because transplantation of skeletal muscle tissue slices led to faster dilative remodeling and higher animal mortality.In summary, this is the first study to use CTS as a benchmark to validate and model tissue-engineered graft studies. CTS transplantation improved cell survival, established reperfusion, and enhanced cardiac function after myocardial infarction. These findings also confirm that dilative remodeling can be attenuated by topical transplantation of CTS but not skeletal muscle tissue grafts.
INTESTINAL PERFORATION IN TYPHOID FEVER.
Authors: BYRON B. DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1904)

According to Hugh M. Taylor, 50,000 to 75,000 deaths occur annually in the United States from typhoid fever. If this is correct, and if we accept Osler's statement that one-third of these deaths are due to intestinal perforation, we have, at the lowest estimate, 16,666 deaths annually in the United States due to typhoid perforation. Again, accepting the opinion of Osler, Finney and others who have had the most experience with this condition, that one-half of these lives might be saved by timely operation, we have a grand total of 8,333 persons annually whose lives might be saved by timely surgical intervention. The average age of those dying from typhoid fever is 28.8 years, the greater number being males, most of them the heads of families. If, by carrying out the ideal treatment, 8,333 persons in the most valuable period of life might be saved to their families and to
Gallium-67 imaging in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy and biopsy-proven myocarditis.
Authors: J B O'Connell, R E Henkin, J A Robinson, R Subramanian, P J Scanlon, R M Gunnar
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Current standards for detection of myocarditis in a clinical setting rely on endomyocardial biopsy for accurate diagnosis. With this technique a subset of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy show unsuspected myocarditis histologically. Endomyocardial biopsy, despite its specificity, may lack sensitivity due to sampling error if the inflammation is patchy or focal. Therefore, inflammation-sensitive radioisotopic imaging may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of myocarditis. This study was designed to evaluate the applicability of gallium-67 (67Ga) myocardial imaging as an adjunct to endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of myocarditis. Sixty-eight consecutive patients referred for evaluation of dilated cardiomyopathy underwent 71 parallel studies with 67Ga imaging and biopsies that served as the basis of comparison for this study. Histologic myocarditis was identified in 8% of biopsy specimens. Clinical and hemodynamic parameters could not be used to predict the presence of myocarditis. Five of six biopsy samples (87%) with myocarditis showed dense 67Ga uptake, whereas only nine of 65 negative biopsy samples (14%) were paired with equivocally positive 67Ga scans (p less than .001). The single patient with myocarditis and no myocardial 67Ga uptake had dense mediastinal lymph node uptake that may have obscured cardiac uptake. The incidence of myocarditis on biopsy with a positive 67Ga scan was 36% (5/14); however, the incidence of myocarditis with a negative 67Ga scan was only 1.8% (1/57). Follow-up scans for three patients showed close correlation of 67Ga uptake with myocarditis on biopsy. In conclusion 67Ga may be a useful screening test for identifying patients with a high yield of myocarditis on biopsy, and serial scans may eliminate the need for frequent biopsies in patients with proven myocarditis.
PæDIATRIC THERAPEUTICS AND ITS RELATION TO GENERAL THERAPEUTICS.
Authors: J. B. CASEBEER
Journal: JAMA (1883)

[Prepared for the Section on Diseases of Children, June, 1883.] In a lecture delivered recently to the class of medical students at Bellevue Hospital Medical College by my former preceptor, a thorough gentleman and scholar, Prof. A. A. Smith, on the frequent repetition of doses of medicine, he clearly opens up a field of investigation which, to my mind, is one of the greatest importance. It is as it were a rich mine of truth heretofore but slightly developed, and only been tested by the skilful assayer sufficiently to certify to its intrinsic value, and in it we may find leads of rare value, some of which he there uncovers so that we may peer in on its richness and beauty. I believe and trust that the time is not far distant when from them we will learn important and practical lessons which will greatly contribute to our success in
David Ardrey Naismith
Authors: David Naismith
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Graduating in 1935, David Ardrey Naismith completed his houseman posts in Glasgow. He did some locum work in Inverness and Kilsyth, finally settling in Grangemouth just prior to the start of the second world war. Anticipating transfer overseas, he married Mary Campbell on the ides of March 1940 and was seconded to the Indian army two weeks later. The next five years involved setting up field hospitals in Ceylon, Iraq, and Iran. He polished his anaesthetic skills, was instrumental in setting up his unit’s blood transfusion service, and learnt he could survive on …
Some Growth Factors Stimulate Cultured Adult Rabbit Ventricular Myocyte Hypertrophy in the Absence of Mechanical Loading
Authors: Robert S. Decker, Melissa G. Cook, Monica Behnke-Barclay, Marlene L. Decker
Journal: Circulation Research (1995)

Abstract Cultured adult rabbit cardiac myocytes treated with recombinant growth factors display enhanced rates of protein accumulation (ie, growth) in response to insulin and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), but epidermal growth factor, acidic or basic fibroblast growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor failed to increase contractile protein synthesis or growth of the heart cells. Insulin and IGF-1 increased growth rates by stimulating anabolic while simultaneously inhibiting catabolic pathways, whereas IGF-2 elevated growth modestly by apparently inhibiting lysosomal proteolysis. Neutralizing antibodies directed against either IGF-1 or IGF-2 or IGF binding protein 3 blocked protein accumulation. A monoclonal antibody directed against the IGF-1 receptor also inhibited changes in protein turnover provoked by recombinant human IGF-1 but not IGF-2. Of the other growth factors tested, only transforming growth factor-β1 increased the fractional rate of myosin heavy chain (MHC) synthesis, with β-MHC synthesis being elevated and α-MHC synthesis being suppressed. However, the other growth factors were able to modestly stimulate the rate of DNA synthesis in this preparation. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling revealed that these growth factors increased DNA synthesis in myocytes and nonmyocytes alike, but the heart cells displayed neither karyokinesis or cytokinesis. In contrast, cocultures of cardiac myocytes and nonmyocytes and nonmyocyte-conditioned culture medium failed to enhance the rate of cardiac MHC synthesis or its accumulation, implying that quiescent heart cells do not respond to “conditioning” by cardiac nonmyocytes. These findings demonstrated that insulin and the IGFs promote passively loaded cultured adult rabbit heart cells to hypertrophy but suggest that other growth factors tested may be limited in this regard.
The Identity Substitution Syndrome
Authors: JEAN-ROBERT LEONIDAS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Brief Reports1 March 1980The Identity Substitution SyndromeJEAN-ROBERT LEONIDAS, M.D.JEAN-ROBERT LEONIDAS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-3-388 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis paper reports two cases that exemplify the abuse of identity documents for procurement of medical services. This practice may result in harmful treatment, delay appropriate treatment, engender unnecessary work-up, and in other ways add to cost-ineffective medical care.A 60-year-old woman being seen at a medical clinic is obese, hypertensive, and diabetic. She is being treated with diet, a diuretic, and an oral hypoglycemic agent. At a recent clinic visit she had a urinary tract infection due toEscherichia colisensitive to ampicillin. Her clinic record indicated that 6 weeks ago she had been cared for in the emergency... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCurrent Trends in West Indian and African Immigration and Their Impact on Assimilation 1 March 1980Volume 92, Issue 3Page: 388-389KeywordsDietDiureticsEscherichia coliHypoglycemicsMedical servicesOverweight Issue Published: 1 March 1980 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Analysis of Dscam Diversity in Regulating Axon Guidance in Drosophila Mushroom Bodies
Authors: Xiao-Li Zhan, James C. Clemens, Guilherme Neves, Daisuke Hattori, John J. Flanagan, Thomas Hummel, M.Luisa Vasconcelos, Andrew Chess, S.Lawrence Zipursky
Journal: Neuron (2004)
Should we pay donors to increase the supply of organs for transplantation? Yes
Authors: Arthur J Matas
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<h3>Abstract</h3> We describe a quantitative droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) in total RNA extracted from human sputum. This method was validated using the guidance of the United States Food and Drug Administration's Accelerated Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Template for SARS-CoV-2 that Causes Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Molecular Testing of Respiratory Speciment in CLIA Certified High-Complexity Laboratories. Though our laboratory is not CLIA certified, this method met all criteria specified by the guidance document with a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 0.25 copies/μL in the final ddPCR (at least 19/20 replicates reactive), which we consider to be a Lower Limit of Quantification (LLOQ); inclusivity of all known annotated SARS-CoV-2 genomes; no cross-reactivity with other respiratory pathogens; and reactivity of all contrived positives at or above the LOD.
Hypereosinophilic dermatosis: skin lesions as the only manifestation of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome?
Authors: A. Offidani, M.L. Bernardini, O. Simonetti, C. Simoncini, M. Giangiacomi, G. Bossi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Hypereosinophilic dermatosis: skin lesions as the only manifestation of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome? Get access A. Offidani, A. Offidani Clinic of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.L. Bernardini, M.L. Bernardini Clinic of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. Simonetti, O. Simonetti Clinic of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Simoncini, C. Simoncini Clinic of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Giangiacomi, M. Giangiacomi Institute of Pathology, University of Ancona, Ospedale Umberto I, Piazza Cappelli 1, 60121 Ancona, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Bossi G. Bossi Clinic of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 3, 1 September 2000, Pages 675–677, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2000.03750.x Published: 01 September 2000
Fluvastatin has biologic effects on stage 0 and 1 breast cancer.
Authors: ER Garwood, AS Kumar, F Baehner, JE Garber, S Troyan, OI Olopade, D Moore, A Au, C Flowers, M Campbell, N Hylton, LJ Esserman, E Rush-Port
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4122 Introduction: Statins are safe, reduce cardiovascular risk, and impact pathways critical to cancer progression. We and others have shown lipophilic statins cause apoptosis and growth suppression in vitro and in vivo, and though epidemiologic data are mixed, statin effect appears most evident in estrogen receptor (ER) negative or grade 3 disease. To look for a direct biologic effect of lipophilic statins, we conducted a perioperative pilot window trial in women with breast cancer (BC).&amp;#x2028; Methods: 40 subjects with stage 0,1 BC were randomized to high dose (80mg/day) or low dose (20mg/day) fluvastatin for 3-6 weeks prior to surgery. Paired tissue (core biopsy and surgical specimen), peripheral blood and MRI were obtained. Primary endpoint was Ki-67 (proliferation) change. Secondary endpoints included cleaved caspase-3 (CC3, apoptosis), longest diameter (LD) by MRI, and C-reactive protein (CRP) change. Subgroup analyses was planned by grade (3 vs. 1,2), statin dose; and ER status. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) on paraffin tissue used standard streptavidin biotin methods. A single breast pathologist reviewed all slides; a single radiologist read all MRIs, both blinded to timepoint.&amp;#x2028; Results: Median serum cholesterol decreased by 16% (-23% and -12% for high and low dose, respectively p=0.012), indicating drug effect and compliance. 29 patients had sufficient tumor for paired IHC, 14 and 15 were grade 3 and 1,2, and 10 and 19 were ER - and +, respectively. In grade 3 (73% of which were ER-) vs. 1,2 tumors, there was a significant decrease in Ki-67, -7.2% (interquartile range (IQR) -13.4%, 0% ) vs. -0.3% (IQR -3%, .8%), respectively, p=0.04. CC3 (apoptosis) increased, 60% vs. 13% for grade 3 vs. 1,2 tumors, respectively, p=0.015. ER- and ER+ cases had a similar reduction in Ki67 with a median drop of 2% (IQR -13.4%, 1%) and 1.2% (IQR -6.6%,0.8%), respectively, p=0.56. While CC3 was increased in ER- vs. + (55% vs. 29%), the difference was not statistically significant. There was no dose dependent effect on Ki-67or CC3.There was no evidence of Ki67 or CC3 change when all grades were analyzed together (median drop 1.2%) and no change in CRP. Of 14 subjects with paired MRIs, 4 grade 3 cases showed a significant decrease in LD, marked ductal dilatation and increased necrosis.with statin exposure.&amp;#x2028; Conclusions: A lipophilic statin, fluvastatin, reduced cholesterol and had measurable biologic changes (reduced proliferation, size and increased apoptosis) in stage 0,1 BC after only 3-6 weeks of exposure, specifically in the grade 3 subset. Results support the study of statins for chemoprevention for women at risk for or with stage 0 grade 3 BC, where new agents are needed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4122.
Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Jack Lapides
Journal: JAMA (1974)

The proceedings of the Second British National Symposium on Urinary Tract Infection held in London, March 1972, are recorded in this volume. In contrast to the content of the program of the initial 1968 Symposium, the present workshop deals primarily with clinical research. The papers have been arranged into four main groups consisting of the following: (1) "Screening for Bacteruria and Natural History of Urinary Tract Infection in Children," (2) "Natural History of Urinary Tract Infection in Adults and Bacterial Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents," (3) "Pathogenesis of Urinary Tract Infection, and Frequency and Dysuria," and (4) "Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections." The discussions following each presentation or group of presentations have been evaluated and condensed in the form of a summary to provide the reader with a critical appraisal. It is apparent that English investigators are working along the same lines as their US public health and epidemiologist counterparts in
The Role of DNA Methylation in Invertebrates: Developmental Regulation or Genome Defense?
Authors: A. Regev, M. J. Lamb, E. Jablonka
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

Cytosine methylation is widely distributed in multicellular organisms.We present a comprehensive survey of the existing data on the phylogenetic distribution of DNA methylation in invertebrates, together with new data for the crustacean Penaeus semisulcatus, the annelid Aporrectodea caliginosa trapezoides, and the parasitic platyhelminth Schistosoma mansoni.Two alternative hypotheses addressing the function of cytosine methylation in invertebrates are evaluated: (1) cytosine methylation is an ancient regulatory mechanism which was lost in species with low rates of cell turnover, and (2) cytosine methylation is primarily a defense mechanism against genomic parasites and is expected to be present in all species with large genomes.We discuss the role of DNA methylation in the evolution of development in light of these hypotheses and conclude that gene control and cell memory are important and primitive functions of DNA methylation.
QuantiFERON<sup>®</sup>-TB Gold testing for tuberculosis in psoriasis patients commencing anti-tumour necrosis factor α therapy
Authors: N. Desai, Y. Raste, N.T. Cooke, C.C. Harland
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines published in July 2006 advise etanercept, a TNF‐α antagonist, as a treatment for severe plaque psoriasis in patients who have not responded to other therapies.1 Patients embarking on any immunosuppressive treatment require screening for tuberculosis (TB). This has traditionally consisted of Mantoux skin testing alongside risk stratification for exposure from history.2 The problem with skin testing and screening is cross‐reactivity with the BCG vaccine, which often gives false positive results. This may lead to unnecessary chemoprophylaxis, not only delaying the start of immunosuppressive therapy but also carrying with it possible dangerous side‐effects. There are also practical difficulties in reading the Mantoux on patients with widely affected skin in severe psoriasis and the cost implications of unnecessary TB treatment. The QuantiFERON®‐TB Gold test (QFT‐G; Cellestis Ltd, Carnegie, Australia) is a novel TB enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, based on detection of interferon‐γ release from sensitized leucocytes exposed to the synthetic Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, ESAT‐6 and CFP‐10. These antigens are secreted by M. tuberculosis but are absent from BCG vaccine strains and from most nontuberculous mycobacteria. There is no cross‐reactivity in previously vaccinated patients. The test is reported to have greater sensitivity and specificity than Mantoux testing (QFG‐T: 89% and 98·1%; Mantoux: 72% and 82%).3 4–5