tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low Bone Mineral Density Predicts Incident Heart Failure in Men and Women
Authors: Roman Pfister, Guido Michels, Stephen J. Sharp, Robert Luben, Nick J. Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)

It is unknown whether bone mineral density as a measure of osteoporosis is associated with development of heart failure.Recent evidence suggests shared risk factors between heart failure and osteoporosis. Additionally, patients with osteoporosis are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.We examined the prospective association of bone mineral density measured as broadband ultrasound attenuation by quantitative ultrasound of the heel with incident heart failure events in 13,666 apparently healthy persons 42 to 82 years of age participating in the EPIC (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition) study in Norfolk, United Kingdom.During a mean follow-up of 9.3 years, 380 incident cases of heart failure occurred. The risk of heart failure decreased with increasing bone mineral density. The hazard ratios comparing each quartile with the lowest were 0.40 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.27 to 0.59), 0.54 (95% CI: 0.37 to 0.79), and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.32 to 0.68) in analysis adjusting for age, sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, occupational social class, educational level, systolic blood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol concentration, and body mass index (p for trend = 0.002), with a 23% risk decrease associated with every increase in 1 standard deviation of bone mineral density (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.66 to 0.89). The association was stronger with heart failure without (HR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.63 to 0.89) than with antecedent myocardial infarction (HR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.09).We observed an inverse association between bone mineral density and the risk of heart failure in apparently healthy individuals. Our findings give support for cardiac assessment in people with reduced bone mineral density and warrant further exploration of underlying biological mechanisms linking osteoporosis and heart failure.
Abstract 410: Mitochondrial Uncoupling with CCCP Reverses Acute Hyperglycemia Induced Endothelial Dysfunction in Human Arterioles
Authors: Jingli Wang, David D Gutterman, Michael E Widlansky
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background : Acute hyperglycemia (HG) impairs endothelial function, which may be related to hyperpolarization of the inner mitochondrial membrane and excessive production of mitochondrial superoxide (ROS). Mitochondrial uncoupling agents could potentially reverse endothelial dysfunction due to HG in intact human arterioles. Methods : Human adipose arterioles were incubated in either euglycemic (NG, 5mM) or hyperglycemic (HG, 33mM) buffer for 4 hours. Vessels were then exposed to increasing doses of acetylcholine (ACh) in the presence and absence of NADPH oxidase inhibitor gp91ds-tat or CCCP, (100 nM), a mitochondrial membrane uncoupling agent. Vascular superoxide levels were also measured after incubation with NG and HG using a chemiluminescent probe (L-012) in the absence and presence of 1 and 2 above. Results : ACh-induced vasodilation was impaired by HG vs. NG control (P&lt;0.001). This impairment was modestly reversed by gp91 ds-tat (P&lt; 0.001), but endothelial function was completely restored to the level observed under euglycemic conditions by CCCP (P=0.008 vs. HG, P&gt;0.90 vs. NG). Endothelium-dependent vasodilation in HG vessels was greater after CCCP compared to gp91ds-tat (P&lt;0.001). L-NAME inhibited all dilation to ACh indicating endothelium-dependence (data not shown). HG induced an increase in superoxide relative to NG (P&lt;0.001), which was similarly suppressed by gp91ds-tat (P = 0.001) and CCCP (P=0.002). Conclusion : HG-induced endothelial dysfunction is reversed with partial uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial uncoupling more than NADPH oxidase blockade improves endothelial dysfunction due to HG.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing outbreak in a school in Marseille, France, 2012
Authors: F Golesi, J Brignatz, M Bellenfant, D Raoult, M Drancourt
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Between January and September 2012, a teacher and four students at a technical college in Marseille, France, developed pulmonary tuberculosis. All Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from these cases were identical and belonged to the Beijing strain family, multispacer sequence type 72, a rare genotype identified only once in our laboratory in the previous two years. This report highlights once more the potential for M. tuberculosis Beijing strains to cause outbreaks, this time in a school setting.
Abstract 649: Increased Left Ventricular Filling Pressure is Associated with Left Atrial Thrombus in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation.
Authors: Katsuomi Iwakura, Hiroshi Ito, Atsunori Okamura, Yasushi Koyama, Motoo Date, Yoshiharu Higuchi, Koichi Inoue, Ryusuke Kimura, Hiroyuki Nagai, Yuko Toyoshima, Michio Imai, Makito Ozawa, Norihisa Ito, Yukinori Okazaki, Masahiko Shibuya, Hidetaka Suenaga, Asuka Kubota, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are frequently associated with reduced left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction. It is still unclear whether reduced diastolic function is associated with the risk of left atrial (LA) thrombus in AF. The ratio of transmitral E velocity to mitral annular velocity (e′) is an echocardiographic estimate of diastolic LV filling pressure even under AF rhythm. We investigated whether reduced LV diastolic function is associated with the risk of LA thrombus in AF patients, using E/e′ ratio as an index. We enrolled consecutive 405 patients with non-valvular, paroxysmal or chronic AF, who underwent both transthoracic- (TTE) and transesophagial echocardiography (TEE) examination within a month. We measured LA and LV dimensions, LV ejection fraction (%EF), wall thickness, E and e′ velocities on TTE, and determined E/e′ ratio. LA appendage thrombus was found in 33 patients (8.1%). Patients with LA thrombus showed lower e′ velocity (5.3±1.8 vs. 7.0±2.2 cm/s, p&lt;.0001) and higher E/e′ ratio (17.2±9.2 vs. 11.5±5.9, p&lt;.0001) than those without it. Using 12.4 as an optimal cutoff point, E/e′ predicted LA thrombus with 70% sensitivity and 70% specificity (AUC=0.72). Odds ratio for LA thrombus in patients in the highest quartile of E/e′ was 6.38 (3.06–13.9). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the highest quartiles of E/e′ ratio was an independent predictor of LA thrombus among echocardiographic parameters, along with LA dimension and %EF, whereas e′ was not. LA appendage flow velocity was significantly correlated with E/e′ ratio (p&lt;.0001), implying that increased diastolic filling pressure could be associated with impaired blood flow within LA. Increased LV filling pressure increased the risk of LA thrombus in patients with AF, partially through impaired LA hemodynamics. E/e′ ratio on TTE could be useful for detecting high-risk patients for LA thrombus.
Use of the 6-Min Walk Distance to Identify Variations in Treatment Benefits From Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator and Amiodarone
Authors: Daniel P. Fishbein, Anne S. Hellkamp, Daniel B. Mark, Mary Norine Walsh, Jeanne E. Poole, Jill Anderson, George Johnson, Kerry L. Lee, Gust H. Bardy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 4589: Anti-thrombotic Strategies in Patients with Elevated Biomarkers Undergoing PCI: Results from the ACUITY Trial
Authors: Somjot S Brar, Brent T McLaurin, David A Cox, Michel E Bertrand, A. Michael Lincoff, Jeffrey W Moses, Harvey D White, E Magnus Ohman, Roxana Mehran, Alexandra Lansky, Helen Parise, Gregg W Stone
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background : Among patients with non ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (ACS), those with biomarker elevation represent a high-risk cohort. The optimal anticoagulation strategy during PCI in this group remains controversial. We therefore examined the clinical outcomes among biomarker positive patients in the ACUITY trial who underwent PCI. Methods : In ACUITY 13,819 patients with ACS were randomized to bivalirudin alone vs. bivalirudin plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (GPI) vs. heparin plus GPI among; 7,789 patients underwent PCI, of whom 4,687 were biomarker (troponin and/or CKMB) positive. The primary endpoints at 30 days were composite ischemia (death, MI, or unplanned TVR for ischemia), major bleeding not related to CABG, and net adverse clinical events (NACE; composite ischemia or major bleeding). Results : Of the biomarker positive patients undergoing PCI, 1,611 were randomized to bivalirudin alone, 1,532 to heparin plus GPI, and 1,544 to bivalirudin plus GPI. The groups were well balanced for age, gender, and major co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, prior MI, renal insufficiency and TIMI risk score (p ≥ 0.1 for all). 30-day and 1 year outcomes are shown. Among the patients pre-treated with a thienopyridine, bivalirudin compared to heparin plus GPI resulted in reduced major bleeding (3.9% vs. 6.8%, p=0.003) and comparable rates of composite ischemia (8.4% vs. 8.1%, p=0.73) and NACE (11.5% vs. 13.1%, p=0.17). Conclusions : In biomarker positive ACS patients undergoing PCI, bivalirudin alone suppresses adverse ischemic events to a similar extent as does heparin plus GPI while decreasing major bleeding complications.
Abstract 4069: Refusal to Seek Medical Care for Symptoms Prior to Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Anne G Rosenfeld, Mohamud Daya, Vivian Christensen, Rebecca Rawson
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is accompanied by preceding symptoms in a significant proportion of victims, with a median duration of up to 2 hours in some cases. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of SCD victims with heralding symptoms who refused medical care. We conducted a secondary data analysis of interview data from witnesses of 99 cases of out-of-hospital presumed myocardial infarction death with known symptoms. Qualitative description methods were used to analyze qualitative data. Logistic regression was used to test the influence of type of symptoms (chest pain vs. non-chest pain), history of heart disease, and age on refusal of medical care. Categorization as refusal of medical care required conversation with someone where refusal was expressed verbally by the victim. There were 19 cases (19%) that refused medical care; their mean age was 72. The majority were male (16/19, 84%). Fifteen cases involved persistent refusal, defined as refusing care until collapse (range of &lt;15 minutes to 60 hours). Four victims initially refused care and then permitted access to medical care. The suggestion for seeking medical care came from someone else in all but one case, and usually included multiple attempts. The care options offered but refused included calling 911 or a doctor, as well as going to the hospital, emergency department or a doctor’s office. Reasons for refusal of medical care (more than one reason in some cases) included stating the symptoms were due to something not urgent (n=10), other obligations (n=3), expressed dislike of hospitals or doctors (n=4), or recent medical reassurance of health status (n=7). Controlling for age, victims with chest pain vs. non-chest pain symptoms were more likely (OR = 3.56, p = .036, 95% CI = 1.09 –11.66) to refuse medical care and those with a history of heart disease were less likely (OR = .16, p = .004, 95% CI = .05–.55) to refuse medical care. Patients with chest pain and no history of heart disease are more likely to refuse advice to seek medical care. Public health messages about how to respond to cardiac symptoms should include strategies to overcome the reasons people refuse medical care. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Pacific/Mountain Affiliate (Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington &amp; Wyoming).
Smoking cessation
Authors: Kate E Koplan, Sean P David, Nancy A Rigotti
Journal: BMJ (2008)

A 52 year old man with asthma, hyperlipidaemia, and a family history of early onset heart disease comes to see you because of increased wheezing and dyspnoea. He has smoked a pack per day for 36 years. He tried quitting “cold turkey” but felt irritable and couldn’t concentrate; he tried nicotine gum but it didn’t work. He is willing to try stopping smoking again but wonders if it is too late for him to benefit from quitting and if he ever can quit. The patient’s smoking should be tackled as a standard part of treating his presenting problem, an asthma flare. Tobacco use should be attended to at all patient visits, but respiratory or cardiac symptoms provide a special opportunity. Specific symptoms that can be attributed to tobacco use, rather than risk of future disease, can motivate smokers to change behaviour. In this case, stopping smoking will improve the patient’s asthma control.
Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: Do Abnormalities in Oxygen Utilization Contribute to Exercise Intolerance?
Authors: Paul S Bhella
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Abstract #2372 Paul S Bhella, Katja Heinicke, Jeffery L Hastings, Anand Prasad, Shigeki Shibata, Ronald Haller, Benjamin D Levine, Univ of Texas-Southwestern, Dallas, TX Paul S Bhella, 2009 Finalist and Presenting Author
Prevalence Of The JAK2V617F Mutation and Associated Risk Haplotype and Determination Of Demographic and Lifestyle Risk Factors In The US Population, Nhanes 1999-2002
Authors: Elizabeth A Irvin-Barnwell, Ajay Yesupriya, Miyono Hendrix, Vince Seaman, Sean Mochal, Stanimila Nikolova, Ronald Hoffman, Steve Dearwent, Suzanne Cordovado
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 2612: Immediate Clinical And Hemodynamic Benefits Of Restoration Of Pulmonary Valvar Competence In Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Philipp Lurz, Johannes Nordmeyer, Louise Coats, Andrew M Taylor, Philipp Bonhoeffer, Ingram Schulze-Neick
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: In patients with severe pulmonary hypertension (PH), chronic pressure overload leads to right heart failure, the main reason for clinical deterioration and mortality. In the presence of pulmonary regurgitation (PR), right ventricular (RV) efficiency and cardiac output are further compromised. Therapeutic options in this patient group are limited due to the high risk of open-heart surgery in the presence of the PH. Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) may offer a new treatment option for relief of PR without the risk of cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods: Between April 2004 to December 2007, 7 patients with PH (mean PAP &gt; 25 mmHg) due to congenital heart disease and severe PR underwent PPVI. Patients were assigned to New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classes I – IV. Resting peripheral oxygen saturations were measured. Trans-thoracic echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging before and after valve implantation was performed. Results: The valve implantation procedure was feasible and uncomplicated in all 7 cases, successfully abolishing PR. There was a significant increase in diastolic (15.4±7.3 to 34.0±8.5 mmHg; p=0.007) and mean (29.7±8.1 to 41.3±12.9 mmHg; p=0.034) pulmonary artery pressures, and an improvement in NYHA functional class (from median IV to median III; p&lt;0.008). Peripheral oxygen saturations rose from 85.9±11.0% to 91.7±8.3% (p=0.036). RV end-diastolic volumes decreased (from 157.0±44.7 to 140.3±53.3 ml/m 2 ), whilst effective RV stroke volume increased (from 23.4±9.3 to 41.0±11.6 ml/m 2 ). During a median follow-up of 20.3 months (range 1.3 – 47.5), competence of the bovine jugular venous valve was well maintained despite near systemic pulmonary pressures. None of the devices were explanted during follow-up. Conclusion: Trans-catheter abolishment of PR in patients with PH is well tolerated and leads to clinical and haemodynamic improvement, most likely due to a combination of increased pulmonary perfusion pressures and RV efficiency. These findings emphasize the detrimental effects of volume overload in chronically pressure overloaded right ventricles.
Tardive dyskinesia and neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism in Japan
Authors: R L Binder, H Kazamatsuri, T Nishimura, D E McNiel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors studied neuroleptic drug response in 126 inpatients in Japan. They found similar prevalences and risk factors of tardive dyskinesia and neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism in Japan and the West, despite cross-cultural differences in psychiatric practice.
Analysis of the CC chemokine receptor 3 gene reveals a complex 5′ exon organization, a functional role for untranslated exon 1, and a broadly active promoter with eosinophil-selective elements
Authors: Nives Zimmermann, Bruce L. Daugherty, Jessica L. Kavanaugh, Faisal Y. El-Awar, Elizabeth A. Moulton, Marc E. Rothenberg
Journal: Blood (2000)
Breast lumps in young women
Authors: J B Walls, J M Dixon, B Venizelos, L Matheson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—Reed’s Personal View about her doctors’ failure to investigate her breast cancer is generous.1 The incidence of breast cancer in her age group may be low but is not negligible, being 25/100 000 in those aged 30-35.2 It would not be acceptable in a breast clinic to reassure a 32 year old woman on the assumption that a palpable lump is a fibroadenoma without having done adequate triple assessment by clinical, radiological, and pathological methods. The risk in Reed’s case was not just the loss of a breast; it was the loss of a daughter, a sister, a partner, a friend, and, most tragically, a mother of a young child. 

The general practitioner is also part of the team; he or she must initiate the patient’s referral, for without that the specialist services cannot function. Failure to refer denies the possibility of early diagnosis and treatment to any young woman with breast cancer. The guidelines are now clearly stated.2

Reed’s generosity may be admired but cannot be commended. Publication of this Personal View should not be taken as an indication of a satisfactory standard of practice.
Abstract 882: Adipose Macrophage Infiltration Is Associated With Proinflammatory Gene Expression And Systemic Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction In Obese Subjects
Authors: Melissa Meyers, Sherman Bigornia, Lija Joseph, Marie McDonnell, Donald Hess, Caroline Apovian, Noyan Gokce
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Inflammatory activity in fat depots and associated adipocytokine production has recently been implicated in mechanisms of insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, and cardiovascular d...
An outbreak caused by hantavirus in the Black Sea region of Turkey, January – May 2009
Authors: Collective M Ertek on behalf of the Refik Sayd, Collective T Buzgan on behalf of the Ministry
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

We present a preliminary report of 12 laboratory-confirmed cases of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Turkey, diagnosed between January and May 2009 according to the clinical symptoms and serological confirmation. Studies are still ongoing to better understand the dynamics of the reservoir population as well as the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors among humans.
Complications graves des gastrostomies et revue de morbi-mortalité
Authors: L Garin, C Bouriel, V Weppe, D Picot, F Trivin, L Turbel
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Introduction: La pose d'une gastrostomie percutanée radiologique (GPR) de nutrition est associée à un taux de 0,86% à 4,41% de complications majeures (1–2). Nous avons commencé à poser des GPR en 2005 puis nous avons formé les équipes de 2 autres établissements en 2006 et 2007. Nous avons créé en 2009 une Revue de morbi-mortalité (RMM) inter-établissements, commune à nos 3 équipes. Les objectifs étaient de décrire les cas de complications sévères avérées, rechercher collectivement des causes favorisantes, proposer des actions de prévention conduisant à améliorer et harmoniser nos pratiques professionnelles, faire une veille bibliographique, partager les „trucs et astuces„. La présentation des dossiers était réalisée sur la base du volontariat, par le médecin ayant posé la GPR.
Correspondence re: Harland Austin et al. A Case-Control Study of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and the Hepatitis B Virus, Cigarette Smoking, and Alcohol Consumption. Cancer Res., 46: 962–966, 1986— Reply
Authors: Harland Austin, Elizabeth Delzell, Philip Cole, Seymour Grufferman, Robert Levine, Alan Morrison, Paul D. Stolley
Journal: Cancer Research (1987)
Abstract 17201: Evaluation of a Bioengineered Stent Designed to Capture Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in a Human Ex Vivo Shunt Model
Authors: Katarina Larsen, Caroline Cheng, Dennie Tempel, Jaco Houtgraaf, Sherry Parker, Renate de Jong, Wijnand den Dekker, Stephen M Rowland, Patrick Serruys, Henricus J Duckers
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Abstract 12107: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy for the Treatment of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure and Cardio-Renal Syndrome
Authors: Jun Takahashi, Satoshi Yasuda, Nobuyuki Shiba, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The worsening of renal function associated with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is an important and common clinical scenario, for which continuous renal replacement therapy (CR...
Abstract 665: Hypertension Is Associated With Phenotypic Changes Of Peripheral Blood Monocytes.
Authors: Tomasz J Guzik, Malgorzata Bzowska, Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik, Barbara Jasiewicz-Honkisz, Teresa Adamek-Guzik, Ryszard Korbut, Juliusz Pryjma
Journal: Circulation (2007)

While immunopathogenesis of atherosclerosis is well defined, immunological mechanisms of hypertension (HTN) and its link to atherosclerosis remain unclear. We hypothesized, that primary HTN is associated with a pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic phenotype of circulating monocytes, characterized by co-expression of the Fc-gamma receptor (CD16+) and LPS receptor (CD14+high). Methods: 132 subjects (74M and 58F) with typical clinical risk factors of atherosclerosis were studied. HTN (85%) was diagnosed based on blood pressure monitoring and use of anti-HTN drugs. Monocyte characteristics in the peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry and plasma cytokine levels by ELISA. Results: CD16+CD14+ cells were more prevalent in subjects with HTN and were highest in subjects whose blood pressure was poorly controlled (Figure ). A significant correlation between blood pressure levels at the time of study (JNC7) and prevalence of CD14+CD16+ monocytes was found (Figure ). These relationships remained significant in multi-variate analysis (p = 0.01; type 3 sum of squares ANOVA) taking into account other major risk factors for atherosclerosis or treatments. Further analysis of subpopulations showed that levels of CD16 +CD14+ (high) monocytes, rather than CD16 + CD14(dim) revealed a strong relationship to hypertension. These monocytes showed significantly higher expression of activation markers HLA-DR and CD45RA and TNF-α production(p&lt;0.05). These results provide a novel marker of inflammation in hypertension and may provide a link between hypertension and the development of atherosclerosis, which has been clinically well defined, but mechanistically unclear.
Abstract 5910: Digoxin and Outcomes in Patients with Advanced Heart Failure on Contemporary Optimal Treatment
Authors: Syed A Agha, Vasiliki Georgiopoulou, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Grigorios Giamouzis, Sana Waheed, Affan B Irfan, Muhammad A Rashad, Digant Bhatt, Sonjoy Laskar, Andrew L Smith, Javed Butler
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 5614: Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention For Acute Myocardial Infarction: Long-term Outcome Following Bare Metal And Drug-eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Yoshinobu Onuma, Neville Kukreja, Hector M Garcia-Garcia, Joost Daemen, Nieves Gonzalo, Nicolo Piazza, Ron van Domburg, Patrick W Serruys
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) with bare metal stents (BMS) is well established, whilst randomized trials suggest equivalent safety and reduced repeat revascularizati...