tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3477: Platelet Hyper-responsiveness in Aspirin-Treated Patients with Clinical Cardiovascular Disease Compared to Matched High Risk Controls
Authors: Nauder Faraday, Lisa R Yanek, Taryn F Moy, Dhananjay Vaidya, J. E Herrera-Galeano, Lewis C Becker, Diane M Becker
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Platelet hyper-responsiveness to activating stimuli during aspirin (ASA) therapy may discriminate between high risk subjects who have developed acute thrombotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) events (coronary disease and stroke) and those who are at increased risk but are disease free. We hypothesized that subjects with documented CVD would have greater platelet reactivity on ASA therapy compared to matched high risk non-CVD subjects. Methods: Subjects (N=228; 61 +/− 8 yrs, 69% male, 60% white) were selected from families with known CVD; 114 had prevalent CVD and were matched on age, sex, and race to 114 apparently healthy controls with risk factors but without clinical CVD. CVD risk factors were measured and therapy adherence was determined by questionnaires. Platelet reactivity on 81 mg ASA/day was determined by whole blood (WB) aggregometry, platelet function analyzer (PFA) closure time, thromboxane B2 (TxB2) release ex vivo , and urinary excretion of 11-dehyrothromboxane B2 (Tx-M) in vivo . Results. CVD cases had greater platelet reactivity by all measures, both unadjusted, and adjusted for age, sex, race and adherence (Table ). Multivariable adjustment for cardiac risk factors and statin therapy eliminated case-control differences for Tx-M, but not for the ex vivo measures of platelet activation. ASA therapy duration in CVD subjects (8.8 +/− 6.2 yrs) was not related to platelet function. Conclusions: Greater residual platelet reactivity exists during ASA therapy in CVD subjects compared to matched high risk controls, even controlling for CVD risk factors and adherence to therapy. The data suggest that platelet hyper-responsiveness during ASA chemoprophylaxis may differentiate patients with CVD from those who are at risk for CVD, but have not developed it. Platelet hyper-responsiveness may be an intrinsic property of CVD, related to as yet unidentified environmental or genetic factors.
Revisiting the Arthritogenic Peptide Theory: Quantitative Not Qualitative Changes in the Peptide Repertoire of HLA–B27 Allotypes
Authors: Ralf B. Schittenhelm, Terry C. C. Lim Kam Sian, Pascal G. Wilmann, Nadine L. Dudek, Anthony W. Purcell
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

The association of HLA-B27 with spondyloarthropathy is one of the strongest documented for any autoimmune disease. A common hypothesis for this association is the arthritogenic peptide concept. This dictates that differences in the peptide binding preferences of disease-associated and non-disease-associated HLA-B27 allotypes underlie the presentation of bacterial and self-peptides, leading to cross-reactive T cell immunity and subsequent autoimmune attack of affected tissues. The aim of this study was to analyze and compare self-peptides from 8 HLA-B27 allotypes, to increase existing data sets of HLA-B27 ligands, to refine and compare their consensus-binding motifs, and to reveal similarities and differences in the peptide repertoire of the HLA-B27 subtypes.Qualitative differences in the peptides bound to the 8 most frequent HLA-B27 subtypes were determined by tandem mass spectrometry, and quantitative changes in allelic binding specificities were determined by highly sensitive and targeted multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry.We identified >7,500 major histocompatibility complex class I peptides derived from the 8 most common HLA-B27 allotypes (HLA-B*27:02 to HLA-B*27:09). We describe individual binding motifs for these alleles for the 9-12-mer ligands. The peptide repertoires of these closely related alleles showed significant overlap. Allelic polymorphisms resulting in changes in the amino acid composition of the antigen-binding cleft manifested largely as quantitative changes in the peptide cargo of these molecules.Absolute binding preferences of HLA-B27 allotypes do not explain disease association. The arthritogenic peptide theory needs to be reassessed in terms of quantitative changes in self-peptide presentation, T cell selection, and altered conformation of bound peptides.
Clostridium difficile infection.
Authors: Mark H Wilcox, Tim Planche
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Rangaiah and colleagues comment that currently used tests for Clostridium difficile toxin are not very sensitive.1 However, the specificity of these commercial assays also ranges from 97% to 99%, meaning that approximately 1-2 out of every 10 positive results using these kits are incorrect.2 False positive results are even more likely when testing faecal …
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in guinea-pigs inoculated intravenously with Leishmania enriettii.
Authors: M.W. KANAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Seven guinea-pigs were inoculated intravenously with a rich suspension of Leishmania enriettii. During the sixth to the seventh week from inoculation, all of them developed lesions within the anterior nasal mucosa and in the vulva or scrotum. In one animal nodules occurred in the forepaws during the tenth week. The histology of the latter showed an epithelioid granuloma with multinucleate giant cells, while in all the others macrophages and monocytes highly parasitized with leishmania bodies, formed the main elements in the granulomatous infiltrate. Lesions seem to develop in the cool, non-hairy areas of the integument and those areas of the nasal mucosa which are constantly bombarded by the inhaled cool air stream. The anterior nasal mucosa, with its leaking venular network, its cool timperature, relative stasis and hypoxia probably provides the optimum micro-environment for the localization, survival and multiplication of the leishmanial protozoon.
ABC of Eyes
Authors: P. T Khaw, Andrew R Elkington
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

? Acuity ? Red reflex ? Pupil reactions ? Field loss # Appearance of retina, macula, and optic nerve In assessing a patient who has experienced an acute disturbance of vision in an uninflamed eye an accurate history is crucial, because it may be that a longstanding visual defect has only just been noticed by the patient. It is important to make this differentiation as this alters the range of diagnoses and the urgency of treatment. Acute visual disturbance of unknown cause requires urgent referral. In many cases the diagnosis may be made from the history. Symptoms of floaters or flashing lights suggest a vitreous detachment, a vitreous haemorrhage, or a retinal detachment. Horizontal field loss usually indicates a retinal vascular problem, whereas a vertical defect suggests an abnormality posterior to the optic chiasm. If there is central field loss (I can't see things in the centre) there may be a disorder at the macula. Associated symptoms such as headache may indicate giant cell arteritis or migraine. The visual acuity gives a strong clue to the diagnosis. A total lack of perception of light indicates complete occlusion of either the central retinal artery or the arteries supplying the head of the optic nerve. The nature of the field defect gives clues as outlined above. Obstruction of the red reflex on ophthalmoscopy suggests a vitreous haemorrhage, although the patient may have a pre-existing cataract. The appearances of the macula, remaining retina, and head of the optic nerve will indicate the diagnosis if there has been a haemorrhage or arterial or venous occlusion in these areas.
Hepatitis C virus transmission at an outpatient hemodialysis unit - New York, 2001-2008.
Authors: R. Hallack, G. Johnson, E. Clement, M. Parker, J. Schaffzin, B. Wallace, P. Smith, N. D. Thompson, P. R. Patel, J. F. Perz, J. Magri, J. L. Jaeger
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2009)
Abstract 13833: FYCO1 Deficiency Blunts Cardiac Autophagy in vivo
Authors: Christian Kuhn, Claudia Mack, Michaela Schmack, Hugo A Katus, Norbert Frey
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Autophagy is a degradation pathway for recycling of intracellular components. Under resting conditions autophagy seems to be essential on a basal level. In contrast, upon stress conditions such as ...
West Nile virus transmission with human cases in Italy, August - September 2009
Authors: C Rizzo, F Vescio, S Declich, A C Finarelli, P Macini, A Mattivi, G Rossini, C Piovesan, L Barzon, G Palù, F Gobbi, L Macchi, A Pavan, F Magurano, M G Ciufolini, L Nicoletti, S Salmaso, G Rezza
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

In 2009, to date 16 human cases of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) have been reported in Italy, in three regions: Veneto, Emilia-Romagna and Lombardia. The number of cases is higher compared with last year when nine cases were identified (eight cases of WNND and one case of West Nile fever) and the geographical distribution indicates spread from east to west.
199. Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells Restore Endothelial Function of Balloon Injured Rabbit Carotid Artery
Authors: Tongrong He, Leslie A. Smith, Noel M. Caplice, Zvonimir S. Katusic
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Existing evidence suggests that circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play an important protective role against vascular injury. The present study was designed to determine the effect of autologous EPCs transplantation on endothelial dysfunction of rabbit carotid artery induced by balloon injury. Rabbit EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood by density gradient centrifugation and cultured in endothelial growth medium for 7 days. Balloon injury of rabbit common carotid artery was used as a model to study the effect or EPCs on vascular morphology and function. Two groups of rabbits (n = 3 - 5/group) were subjected to injury of the common carotid artery using 3F fogarty balloon catheter. Immediately after injury, autologous EPCs (~ 50,000 in 200 m l saline) were instilled into the injured vessel segment and incubated for 20 min. Control animals received an equivalent volume of saline. The animals were sacrificed 4 weeks after balloon injury, and carotid arteries were harvested for morphological and functional analysis. The presence of DiI-labeled EPCs in vascular wall was detected by fluorescent microscopy. In vivo Evans blue staining demonstrated accelerated re-endothelialization of injured arteries treated with EPCs. Studies of vasomotor function by isometric force recording indicated that contractions to phenylephrine (10-9-10-5 M) were not affected by vascular injury or treatment with EPCs. In contrast, endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine (Ach; 10-9-10-5M) were significantly impaired by balloon injury (maximal relaxation to Ach = 44.73 ± 22.73 %, n = 3, P< 0.05). Treatment with EPCs normalized endothelium-dependent relaxations to Ach (maximal relaxation = 95.3 ± 2.9%, n = 5). Endothelium-independent relaxations to nitric oxide were not affected by balloon injury or by treatment with EPCs (n = 3 - 5). Cytokine protein array showed that EPC cultured for 7 days secreted angiogenic cytokines: vascular endothelial growth factor, interleukin-8, epidermal growth factor, fibroblast growth factors, transforming growth factor-beta 2, macrophage colony stimulating factor, oncostatin M, thrombopoietin, placenta growth factor, and macrophage migration inhibitory factor. These EPCs also produced pro-inflammatory cytokines such as macrophage inflammatory protein-1, monocyte chemoattratant protein-2, neutrophil activating peptide-2, pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine. These findings demonstrate that in carotid artery, treatment with EPCs selectively accelerate recovery of endothelial function after balloon injury, and that cytokines secreted by EPCs may contribute to the restoration of endothelium of injured artery. We speculate that transplantation of autologous EPCs may provide novel therapeutic approach in prevention and treatment of endothelial dysfunction.
Presence of perforin in endomyocardial biopsies of patients with inflammatory cardiomyopathy predicts poor outcome
Authors: Felicitas Escher, Uwe Kühl, Dirk Lassner, Andrea Stroux, Dirk Westermann, Carsten Skurk, Carsten Tschöpe, Wolfgang Poller, Heinz‐Peter Schultheiss
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Endobronchitis and Mycobacterium fortuitum
Authors: Foote Wc, Polk Bf
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 February 1974Endobronchitis and Mycobacterium fortuitumWILLIAM C. FOOTE, M.D., B. FRANK POLK, M.D.WILLIAM C. FOOTE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, B. FRANK POLK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-2-272 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Mycobacterium fortuitum was first reported to be pathogenic for man in 1938 (1). In a 1970 review, Hand and Sanford (2) were unable to find a single case of M. fortuitum endobronchitis. This communication presents what seems to be the first case.A 51-year-old white man was seen at Letterman General Hospital*in June 1970, with an 8-month history of chronic productive cough and occasional wheezing. He recalled the gradual onset of similar symptoms in 1968 while he was stationed in Texas. His symptoms abated somewhat while he was in Vietnam in 1969 but recurred on return...References1. CRUZ Jd: Mycobacterium fortuitum, um novo bacilo acido-resistente pathogenico para o homen. Acta Med Rio de Janeiro 1:297-301, 1938 Google Scholar2. HANDSANFORD WJ: Mycobacterium fortuitum—a human pathogen. Ann Intern Med 73:971-977, 1970 LinkGoogle Scholar3. EDWARDSPALMER LC: Isolation of "atypical" mycobacteria from healthy persons. Am Rev Resp Dis 80:747-749, 1959 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *San Francisco, California.†Denver, Colorado. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMycobacterium fortuitum pulmonary infection associated with an antigen-selective defect in cellular immunityL'infection bactérienne dans les bronchites chroniques 1 February 1974Volume 80, Issue 2Page: 272-273KeywordsPathogens ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Validation of single item Linear Analogue Scale Assessments (LASAs) for assessing quality of life (QOL) in patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas
Authors: P. A. Decker, K. V. Ballman, D. E. Locke, P. D. Brown, K. A. Jaeckle, J. C. Buckner, T. A. Rummans, M. M. Clark, J. A. Sloan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8583 Background: Patient QOL assessment requires balancing the detail provided by multi-item assessments with the reduced burden of single-item assessments. We investigated the psychometric properties of single-item LASA assessments used in 3 North Central Cancer Treatment Group (NCCTG) phase II trials for patients with newly diagnosed high-grade gliomas. Methods: Measures included QOL LASAs (overall, physical, emotional, spiritual, intellectual), Symptom Distress Scale (SDS), Profile of Mood States (POMS), and Functional Assessment for Cancer Therapy (FACT; overall, physical, emotional). Association of LASA measures with SDS, POMS, and FACT domains and with ECOG performance score (PS) and MMSE was assessed with Spearman’s correlation. Repeated measures ANOVA models compared the change over time of LASAs and SDS, POMS, and FACT. Cox regression modeled the association of baseline QOL and survival. Results: 205 patients completed the QOL assessments across 3 time points. LASA mean scores ranged from 60–78; SDS, POMS, and FACT ranged from 68–81. No significant changes across time for overall and emotional scores were observed. FACT physical decreased over time (p&lt;0.001) as did LASA physical (p=0.08). LASA scales were strongly associated with corresponding scales on SDS, POMS, and FACT (0.44&lt;rho&lt;0.65; p&lt;0.001). LASA was negatively associated with PS and positively with MMSE. Baseline scores for overall FACT (p=0.005) and LASA physical (p=0.015) were associated with better survival. Conclusions: The single-item LASA assessments have comparable psychometric properties as longer assessments for the same constructs. Correlations with PS and MMSE were as expected (convergent/concurrent validity). The discriminant validity and prognostic ability of LASA items were similar to the multi-item instruments. Collectively, the data suggest that the single item LASA scales are valid for assessing QOL in patients with newly diagnosed high grade gliomas and are an appropriate alternative when a shorter instrument is warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 257: Combining the Initial Four B Score and Continuous EEG to Predict Survival After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Chun Song Youn, Clifton W Callaway, Jon C Rittenberger
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Outcome prediction after cardiac arrest is a challenging problem and multiple tests should be performed to predict outcome accurately. We tested whether the combination of initial brainstem reflex examination (FOUR_B score) and continuous EEG were superior to either test alone for predicting survival after cardiac arrest. Methods: Review of consecutive patients receiving continuous EEG monitoring between April 2010 and June 2013. Patients were divided into three groups according to initial FOUR_B score; FOUR_B = 0-1, FOUR_B = 2 and FOUR_B = 4. A blinded rater dichotomized continuous EEG patterns during the first 48 hours into malignant patterns (non-convulsive status epilepticus, convulsive status epilepticus, myoclonic status epilepticus and generalized periodic epileptiform discharges). The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. Results: Of 380 subjects, 45 were excluded (44 missing initial FOUR_B score, 1 with age of 16 years). Mean (SD) age was 58 (17) and 208 (62.1%) subjects were male. Ventricular fibrillation was initial rhythm for 95 (28.4%) subjects. Survival to hospital discharge rate was 7.8% for FOUR_B 0-1, 32.0% for FOUR_B 2 and 51.9% for FOUR_B 4, respectively. Among subjects with malignant cEEG, survival to hospital discharge rate was 0% for FOUR_B 0-1, 8.1% for FOUR_B 2 and 12.5% for FOUR_B 4, respectively. All 42 subjects with no pupillary light reflex, no corneal reflex and malignant cEEG, had poor outcome (false positive rate 0; 95% CI, 0-7%). In the multivariate analysis, survival was independently associated with shockable rhythm (OR 5.76; 95% C.I. 2.88-11.54), FOUR_B 2 (OR 7.36; 95% C.I. 2.83-19.90), FOUR_B 4 (OR 8.99; 95% C.I. 3.58-22.56) and non-malignant cEEG (OR 19.91; 95% C.I. 6.44-61.51). Conclusion: Initial FOUR_B score and malignant cEEG pattern were independently associated with survival to hospital discharge. All subjects who have no pupillary light reflex, no corneal reflex and malignant cEEG did not survive to hospital discharge.
The stability of grlA, grlB, gyrA, gyrB and norA mutations and MIC values of five fluoroquinolones in three different clonal populations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Franz-Josef Schmitz, Karl Köhrer, Sybille Scheuring, Jan Verhoef, Ad Fluit, Hans-Peter Heinz, Mark E. Jones
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1999)
The Effects of Domestication and Selection on the Behavior of the Norway Rat&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Curt P. Richter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article The Effects of Domestication and Selection on the Behavior of the Norway Rat Get access Curt P. Richter, Ph.D. Curt P. Richter, Ph.D. Psychobiological Laboratory, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 3, December 1954, Pages 725–738, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.3.725 Published: 01 December 1954
Abstract 16856: S-Glutathionylation of Endothelial Cell Proteins Facilitates Ischemic Limb Revascularization
Authors: Yosuke Watanabe, Colin Murdoch, Jingyan Han, Richard Cohen, Reiko Mastui
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased during ischemia, but decreasing ROS in endothelial cells impairs revascularization. Low levels of ROS regulate protein function by inducing S-glutathionylation, a reversible post-translational protein modification that may change protein(s) function directly. Protein S-glutathionylation is increased in oxidative conditions and eliminated by glutaredoxin-1 (Glrx). We demonstrated that hind limb revascularization was impaired in global Glrx transgenic mice. In this study, we further examined the role of S-glutathionylation in revascularization by gain and loss of cell-specific Glrx expression. Methods: Hind limb ischemia (HLI) was created by femoral artery ligation. HLI surgery was performed in 1) “Tet-Off” endothelial specific Glrx transgenic mice (EC-Glrx TG), 2) global Glrx knockout (KO) mice, 3) myeloid cell-specific Glrx deleted mice. EC-Glrx TG was generated by breeding VEcadherin-tTA and tet-operated Glrx mice, treated with doxycycline in utero and until 8 weeks of age to avoid overexpression during development. 3) Myeloid cell-specific Glrx deleted mice were generated by bone marrow transplant using Glrx KO and wild type bone marrow, respectively. Blood flow recovery was analyzed by LASER Döppler. Result: S-glutathionylation of ischemic limb was increased more than two-fold compared with non-ischemic limb. S-glutathionylation was decreased in endothelial cells from EC-Glrx TG and increased in Glrx KO cells. 1) Blood flow recovery was significantly impaired in EC-Glrx TG mice compared with wild type littermate 1 week after HLI surgery (12% vs 39%, p&lt;0.01), and 40% of ischemia limbs became necrotic and were lost in 2 weeks in EC-Glrx TG mice, while all limbs survived in WT mice. In contrast, 2) Blood flow recovery was improved in Glrx KO mice (57% in KO mice vs 42% in WT mice, p&lt;0.01), 3). Myeloid-specific deletion of Glrx did not alter the blood flow recovery. Conclusions: Glrx in endothelial cells, not in myeloid cells, plays an important role in ischemic revascularization. Our data suggest that ROS-induced S-glutathionylation in EC positively regulates revascularization after limb ischemia.