tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High grade laryngeal stenosis caused by an extramedullar metastasis of plasmocytoma
Authors: Joern Brune
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We report the case of a 69-year-old woman who presented to our department with rapidly progressive hoarseness, stridor and dyspnea for week. The patient had a history of multiple myeloma for 3 years and resected breast cancer for 1 year.  On fiberoptic bronchoscopy a high grade (>80%) right sided lanryngeal submucosal mass, affecting both supra- and infraglottic parts of the larynx, was found the reason for her symptoms. We performed a surgical tracheostomy consiedering it the only viable option of airway management.  An MRI scan of the neck revealed a right sided cervical mass of 7x3cm, as well as an enlarged lymph node in the right supraclavicular region (1R). Biopsy was performed both of the lymphnode (core needle biopsy) and the laryngeal mass (EBUS-TBNA). The histological and immunohistochemical findings were consistent with metastasis of the known multiple myeloma.  Extramedullar metastasis of multiple myeloma is a rare complication of the disease occuring. Laryngeal stenosis due plamocytoma has been described in pediatric patients, but never in adult patients before.
Abstract 15841: Whole Exome Sequencing and Analysis for Sudden Unexplained Death in the Young: A Case Series
Authors: Nupoor Narula, David J Tester, Anna Paulmichl, Joseph J Maleszewski, Michael J Ackerman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Annually, thousands of sudden deaths in individuals under the age of 35 years remain unexplained following a medico-legal autopsy and are termed autopsy negative sudden unexplained death in the young (SUDY). Cardiomyopathies, channelopathies, and metabolic disorders may underlie a significant number of SUDY cases. Previously, we demonstrated that 25% of autopsy-negative SUDY cases had mutations in the 4 major cardiac ion channel genes ( KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A , and RYR2 ). However, over 100 sudden death-susceptibility genes have been discovered and may be implicated in SUDY. Objective: We explored the utility of whole exome sequencing (WES) followed by gene-specific surveillance as an efficient and effective means of performing post-mortem genetic testing in SUDY. Methods: Postmortem WES was performed on 14 consecutively-referred white SUDY victims (57% men; average age at death 17.4 ± 8.6 years) using the Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon V4+UTR capture kit and an Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencer. Following variant alignment (hg19) and annotation, 117 cardiac channelopathy-, cardiomyopathy-, and metabolic disorder-susceptibility genes were surveyed to identify putative SUDY-associated mutations. Potentially pathogenic variants had to be non-synonymous and ultra-rare [i.e. absent in all 3 evaluated exome databases (1,000 Genome Project, the NHLBI GO Exome Sequencing Project, and Exome Chip Design)]. Results: On average, each SUDY case had 12,758 ± 2016 non-synonymous variants, of which 79 ± 15 localized to the 117 evaluated genes. Overall, 8 unique, ultra-rare variants (7 missense, 1 in-frame insertion) identified in 6 genes (3 in TTN ; 1 each in CACNA1C, JPH2, MYH7, VCL, RYR2 ) were detected in 7 of 14 cases (50%). Of the 7 missense alterations, 2 (T171M- CACNA1C , I22160T- TTN ) were predicted damaging by 3 in-silico tools. Conclusions: Although WES and gene-specific surveillance is an efficient and effective strategy to detect rare, potentially lethal, genetic variants, the accurate interpretation of each variant is daunting. Importantly, rarity, even ultra-rarity, does not equal pathogenicity even when the ultra-rare variant resides within a so-called sudden death-susceptibility gene.
Abstract 16209: The Accuracy of Online Reporting by Major News Media Outlets on a Landmark Cardiovascular Prevention Trial
Authors: Vibhav S Rangarajan, Jefferson H Lee, Neal Sawlani, Vinay Arora, Sloan McGraw, Ali A Sovari, Srinivas Yallapragada, Jalees Rehman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Online media are becoming the primary source of health information for patients. There is little data on the accuracy of online reporting on major cardiovascular prevention trials. We evaluated the accuracy of news reporting on the PREDIMED cardiovascular prevention trial which assessed the efficacy of a Mediterranean diet on cardiovascular outcomes and achieved the highest media impact of all cardiovascular studies published in 2013. Methods: We identified eight major news sources (AP, CNN, Daily Mail, Forbes, NBC News, New York Times, Reuters, Wall Street Journal) which reported on the trial and created a score sheet summarizing major findings, strengths and limitations as described in the published study. Each news article was analyzed by five independent scorers blinded to the news sources. Consensus scores among the review panel were used to estimate the accuracy of news reporting. Results: None of the news sources mentioned all key points of the trial. Six news sources described fewer ...
Abstract P058: Cardiovascular Health Screening In 26,063 Adolescent Blood Donors
Authors: Maria Odette Gore, Stephen J Eason, Colby R Ayers, Jarett D Berry, Amit Khera, Darren K McGuire, James A de Lemos, Merlyn Sayers
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction and Objective: Cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents track into adulthood and are associated with morbidity and early mortality. As part of a pilot health screening program implemented by Carter BloodCare, the largest independent blood program in Texas, we screened a large adolescent blood donor population for key cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Blood pressure (SBP and DBP), total cholesterol and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) were measured in 26,063 volunteer high-school blood donors, 16-19 years of age, between 2011 and 2013. Cardiovascular risk factors were classified as high risk (SBP ≥ 140 mm Hg and/or DBP ≥ 90 mm Hg, cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dL, HbA1C ≥ 6.5%) and intermediate or high risk (SBP ≥ 120 mm Hg and/or DBP ≥ 80 mm Hg, cholesterol ≥ 170 mg/dL, HbA1C ≥ 5.7%). The main study measures were the prevalence of 1, 2 or 3 risk factors within the same individual in the study population, with stratification by age, sex, race/ethnicity, and school district socioeconomic characteristics. Results: In the overall cohort, 66.5% of donors had at least one and 20.3% had at least two intermediate or high risk factors, and 15.3% had at least one high risk factor (Table). The percentage of donors in each non-zero category of intermediate or high risk factors increased with age (Ptrend&lt;0.001), was higher in ethnic minorities (P&lt;0.001 each for Asian, Black and Hispanic vs. White), and there were more boys than girls in all non-zero risk categories (P&lt;0.001 for all). There were no statistically significant relationships between risk factor categories and socioeconomic characteristics (urban vs. rural and low-income vs. not low-income donor school district). Conclusions: The prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among adolescent blood donors is common, with two or more concomitant risk factors identifiable in many donors. Blood donation programs may provide a unique portal for early screening and targeted preventive intervention in youth, with potential for cardiovascular disease prevention in the community.
Abstract B12: Synergistic anticancer activity of Aurora A kinase and MDM2 antagonists in melanoma
Authors: Anna E. Vilgelm, Jeff S. Pawlikowski, Yan Liu, E. Hawkins Oriana, A. Davis Tyler, Kevin P. Weller, Linda W. Horton, Colt M. McClain, Gregory D. Ayers, David Turner, David C. Essaka, Clinton F. Stewart, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Mark C. Kelley, Jeffrey A. Ecsedy, Jeffrey N. Johnston, Ann Richmond
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Senescence-inducing therapies can block proliferation of malignant cells and promote anti-tumor immune activity. However, the risk of tumor relapse remains high due to the long lifespan of senescence cells with potential to escape senescence. Here our preclinical studies demonstrate that combining a senescent-inducing aurora kinase A (AURKA) inhibitor alisertib (MLN8237) with an MDM2 antagonist [(-)-nutlin 3a] effectively induces robust p53 activation in senescent Tp53WT tumors accompanied by: 1) tumor cell proliferation arrest; 2) mitochondrial depolarization and tumor cell apoptosis; and 3) tumor cell clearance via CCL5-, CCL1- and CCL9-mediated recruitment of anti-tumor leukocytes. This combined therapy shows adequate bioavailability and low toxicity to the host in the mouse model. Moreover, the prominent preclinical response of patient-derived melanoma tumors to the co-targeting of MDM2 and AURKA provides rationale for further investigation of alisertib and MDM2 inhibitors. Citation Format: Anna E. Vilgelm, Jeff S. Pawlikowski, Yan Liu, E. Hawkins Oriana, A. Davis Tyler, Kevin P. Weller, Linda W. Horton, Colt M. McClain, Gregory D. Ayers, David Turner, David C. Essaka, Clinton F. Stewart, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Mark C. Kelley, Jeffrey A. Ecsedy, Jeffrey N. Johnston, Ann Richmond. Synergistic anticancer activity of Aurora A kinase and MDM2 antagonists in melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B12.
Comparative analysis of adverse drug reactions to tetracyclines: results of a French national survey and review of the literature
Authors: B. Lebrun-Vignes, C. Kreft-Jais, A. Castot, O. Chosidow
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

The question of quantitative and qualitative differences between adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to tetracyclines was raised many years ago, especially for minocycline and doxycycline.To assess and compare ADRs related to tetracyclines according to sales figures in France through a national survey.ADR data were collected from the French Pharmacovigilance Database (FPD), marketing authorization holders (MAH) and the literature. Sales analyses were based on MAH data provided annually to the French Drugs Agency.Among the tetracyclines available in France, doxycycline and minocycline are the most frequently used. However, their sales decreased between 1995 and 2007, more sharply for minocycline than doxycycline. According to the FPD, based on MAH data and published reports, minocycline-associated ADRs were more serious and were reported more frequently than for the other tetracyclines. Minocycline and doxycycline ADR patterns differed: gastrointestinal disorders (especially oesophageal lesions) predominated with doxycycline, while intracranial hypertension and hepatic disorders were primarily reported with minocycline. Autoimmune disorders, drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) and other hypersensitivity reactions were also more frequent with minocycline. ADRs reported with lymecycline and metacycline were essentially cutaneous and gastrointestinal disorders.In the absence of markedly better efficacy against the various indications for tetracyclines, the minocycline benefit/risk ratio was clearly lower than that of doxycycline, and possibly those of lymecycline and metacycline. In light of these findings, minocycline should no longer be considered first-line therapy for inflammatory skin disorders, especially acne.
The Patch Test in the Diagnosis of Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Samuel Ayres, Nelson Paul Anderson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 March 1933The Patch Test in the Diagnosis of Contact DermatitisSAMUEL AYRES JR., M.D., F.A.C.P., NELSON PAUL ANDERSON, M.D.SAMUEL AYRES JR., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, NELSON PAUL ANDERSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-9-1161 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe greatest problem in the conquest of eczema is the determination of the etiology in a given case. Attempts have been made to differentiate between those cases of eczema due to internal causes and those due to external irritants, the former being designated as eczema and the latter as dermatitis or dermatitis venenata. Such a distinction is often impossible on clinical grounds and should be made only in the presence of positive substantiating proof. The possible exception is a clean-cut case of dermatitis due to poison oak or poison ivy. Here the presence of the eruption in irregular blotches and...References1 JADASSOHN : Zur Kenntnis der medicamentösen Dermatosen, Jahrb. d. schles. Gesellsch. f. Vaterl. Cult., 1896, Bresl., 1897, lxxiv, 1 abt., Med. Sect., 40-44. Google Scholar2 MARKLEY AJ: Anaphylactoid dermatitis due to direct contact with animal epidermal structures, Arch. Dermat. and Syph., 1920, ii, 722-724. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3 HIGHMAN WJ: The pathogenesis of dermatitis including eczema. A case of English ivy poisoning, Arch. Dermat. and Syph., 1924, ix, 344-354. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 HIGHMAN WJ: Eczema and dermatitis, Arch. Dermat. and Syph., 1925, xi, 303-330. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5 BLOCH B: The rôle of idiosyncrasy and allergy in dermatology, Arch. Dermat. and Syph., 1929, xix, 175-197. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6 SULZBERGERWISE MBF: Ragweed dermatitis with sensitization and desensitization phenomena; report of a case, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1930, xciv, 93-95. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7 SULZBERGERLEWIS MBGM: Trichophytin hypersensitiveness demonstrated by contact tests; preliminary report, Arch. Dermat. and Syph., 1930, xxii, 410-413. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8 RAMIREZELLER MAJJ: Intradermal, scratch, indirect and contact tests in dermatology; comparative study, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1930, xcv, 1080-1083. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9 BROWNMILFORDCOCA AELAF: Studies in contact dermatitis; nature and etiology of pollen dermatitis, Jr. Allergy, 1931, ii, 301-309. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, California*Read before the Eighty-fifth Semi-annual Meeting of the Southern California Medical Association, Hollywood, California, Nov. 14, 1931. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1933Volume 6, Issue 9Page: 1161-1170KeywordsContact dermatitisEczemaEtiology ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
New female “condom” to be trialled
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Scientists at Laval University in Quebec, Canada, have received $C350 000 (£157 000; $236 000) in federal funds to undertake phase I trials of a new “invisible condom” for women that they have developed over the past nine years.

It consists of a microbiocide gel introduced in liquid form into a woman's vagina, which first acts as a physical barrier to …
Abstract 1687: A BRCA2-targeting antisense oligodeoxynucleotide enhances cisplatin effectiveness by decreasing human tumor cell proliferation, metastatic frequency, and metabolic response
Authors: Mateusz Rytelewski, Jessica Tong, Adrian Buensuceso, Hon Leong, Peter Ferguson, Saman Maleki Vareki, Christine Di Cresce, Larissa Romanow, Trevor Shepherd, Bonnie Deroo, Ann Chambers, Mark Vincent, James Koropatnick
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract BRCA2 is involved in homologous recombination repair of double-stranded DNA breaks in human cells. Inactivating mutations in BRCA2 predispose to early onset cancer of the breast, ovary and other tissues. However, patients with tumors that harbor BRCA2 mutations respond better to cancer therapy. Therefore, reducing BRCA2 in cancer cells capable of homologous recombination repair may sensitize otherwise resistant tumors to DNA-damaging anti-cancer treatment. We developed a second generation antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (BR-1) that specifically targets BRCA2. BR-1 decreased BRCA2 mRNA and protein and inhibited BRCA2-mediated RAD51 repair focus formation. BR-1 potently sensitized A549 (lung), SKOV-3 (ovarian), and MDA-MB-231 (breast) cells to cisplatin as evidenced by decreased cell proliferation. However, non-cancerous HK-2 kidney cells were not sensitized to cisplatin by BR-1. In A549 cells BR-1 enhanced cisplatin or ionizing radiation-induced inhibition of in vitro colony formation. Cisplatin-resistant head and neck squamous cancer cells (HN-15a) were rendered as sensitive to cisplatin following BR-1 treatment as the parent population. In addition, BR-1 plus cisplatin treatment decreased A549 cell metastatic frequency in an in vivo chicken chorio-allantoic membrane (CAM) model by over 70% when compared with drug treatment alone. Treatment with BR-1 and cisplatin decreased cellular respiration (decreased oxygen consumption) compared to control oligonucleotide plus cisplatin treatment, suggesting that downregulation of BRCA2 in the context of platinating drug treatment alters cellular metabolism. This change in respiration occurred independently of changes in mitochondrial number. We are continuing to develop and test BR-1 with the aim of applying it in an adjuvant setting with cisplatin in human clinical trials in the future. Supported by grants from the Ontario Centres of Excellence (OCE) Citation Format: Mateusz Rytelewski, Jessica Tong, Adrian Buensuceso, Hon Leong, Peter Ferguson, Saman Maleki Vareki, Christine Di Cresce, Larissa Romanow, Trevor Shepherd, Bonnie Deroo, Ann Chambers, Mark Vincent, James Koropatnick. A BRCA2-targeting antisense oligodeoxynucleotide enhances cisplatin effectiveness by decreasing human tumor cell proliferation, metastatic frequency, and metabolic response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1687. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1687
Noninvasive Diagnosis of Ischemia-Causing Coronary Stenosis Using CT Angiography
Authors: Yeonyee E. Yoon, Jin-Ho Choi, Ji-Hyun Kim, Kyung-Woo Park, Joon-Hyung Doh, Yong-Jin Kim, Bon-Kwon Koo, James K. Min, Andrejs Erglis, Hyeon-Cheol Gwon, Yeon Hyeon Choe, Dong-Ju Choi, Hyo-Soo Kim, Byung-Hee Oh, Young-Bae Park
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2012)
Abstract 12938: Long-Term Mortality Benefit With Intracoronary Thrombus Aspiration Before Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Partha Sardar, Saurav Chatterjee, Mandeep Singh, Ramez Nairooz, Robert Frankel, Srihari S Naidu, Debabrata Mukherjee
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Mortality benefit of routine intracoronary thrombus aspiration during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been questioned. The recent TASTE trial did not show a mortality benefit with thrombus aspiration at 1 month, however benefits from accompanying reductions in myocyte injury might accrue over time. A meta-analysis of randomized trials (RCTs) was performed to evaluate the effect of follow up duration on effectiveness of aspiration thrombectomy. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL databases were searched through March, 2014. We included RCTs with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients randomized to aspiration thrombectomy prior to primary PCI compared with conventional primary PCI alone. Two individuals reviewed the trials for inclusion and extracted data from the RCTs. We used random-effects models. Results: Data were pooled from 16 RCTs with 11,649 patients. All-cause mortality was significantly lower with aspiration thrombectomy after at least 12 months of follow up (Odds ratio [OR] =0. 61; 95% CI 0.37-0.99; p=0. 05). Pooled data for other time frames, i.e in-hospital, 1 month, 6 month follow up, did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Beneficial effects of thrombus aspiration on mortality are not evident until 12 months post-procedure, consistent with the long-term effects of myocardial salvage. Subsequent trials evaluating thrombus removal should accordingly be powered for long-term mortality in addition to known procedural and angiographic endpoints.
Drug points: Orlistat associated with hypertension
Authors: M. Persson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Background</h3> Ambulance clinicians use pre-alert calls to inform receiving emergency departments (EDs) of the arrival of a critically unwell patient that will require a specialised response. Little is known about how a decision to pre-alert is made and how this is communicated and acted upon in the receiving ED. Whilst appropriate use of pre-alerts benefits patient care, their overuse carries a risk of harm or opportunity costs. The impact of pre-alerts on ambulance clinicians, ED staff and patients is not currently well understood. <h3>Methods</h3> We are conducting a mixed methods study with five inter-related work packages. We will analyse 12 months of routine data from ambulance pre-alerts in three regions to identify factors in the variation of pre-alert use, including pre-hospital decision-making. We will undertake a national online Qualtrics survey of ambulance clinician perspectives and experience of pre-alerts. We will explore the impacts of a pre-alert on staff, ED facilities and the patient using semi-structured interviews with ambulance clinicians, ED staff, patients and carers and undertake non-participant observation of ED pre-alert response. <h3>Expected Results</h3> We will describe current pre-alert practice using 12 months’ data for 3 Ambulance Services, including volume and types of pre-alerts. We will identify specific conditions or patient groups for whom pre-alerts are most likely to lead to change in clinical practice, or for whom action is unlikely to provide benefit. We will hold a feedback workshop in which we will share and discuss our findings with key stakeholders. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Current variation in pre-alert processes, both pre-hospital and in-hospital and the impact on patient care is not understood. The outputs of this study will establish an evidence base to update national guidance for pre-alert practice and identify areas of good pre-alert practice for both ambulance service and Emergency Department staff.