tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P413: Chocolate Consumption is Associated with a Lower Risk of Heart Failure in Lean US Male Physicians
Authors: Andrew B Petrone, J. Michael Gaziano, Luc Djousse
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Previous studies have suggested that dark chocolate consumption may lower blood pressure, a major risk factor for heart failure. However, limited and inconsistent data are available on the association of chocolate consumption with the incidence rate of heart failure. Objective: To test the hypothesis that chocolate consumption is associated with a lower risk of heart failure. Methods: We prospectively studied 20,278 men from the Physicians’ Health Study. Chocolate consumption was assessed between 1999 and 2002 via a food frequency questionnaire and heart failure was ascertained through annual follow-up questionnaires with validation in a subsample. We used Cox regression to estimate multivariable adjusted relative risk of heart failure. Results: During a median follow-up of 9.3 years, there were 876 new cases of heart failure. The mean age at baseline was 66.4 ± 9.2 years. Median chocolate consumption was 1-3 times per month. Hazard ratios (95% CI) for heart failure were 1.0 (ref), 0.87 (0.73-1.04), 0.80 (0.66-0.98), and 0.87 (0.72-1.04), for chocolate consumption of less than 1/month, 1-3/month, 1/week, and 2+/week, respectively, after adjusting for age, body mass index (BMI), smoking, alcohol intake, exercise, and history of atrial fibrillation. In a secondary analysis, chocolate consumption was inversely associated with risk of heart failure in men whose BMI was &lt;25 kg/m 2 but not in those with BMI of 25+ kg/m 2 ( Figure 1 ), p for interaction=0.0895. Conclusions: Our data suggest that moderate consumption of chocolate might be associated with a lower risk of heart failure, especially in lean individuals.
Neutrophil‐Related Gene Expression and Low‐Density Granulocytes Associated With Disease Activity and Response to Treatment in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Peter C. Grayson, Carmelo Carmona‐Rivera, Lijing Xu, Noha Lim, Zhong Gao, Adam L. Asare, Ulrich Specks, John H. Stone, Philip Seo, Robert F. Spiera, Carol A. Langford, Gary S. Hoffman, Cees G. M. Kallenberg, E. William St.Clair, Nadia K. Tchao, Steven R. Ytterberg, Deborah J. Phippard, Peter A. Merkel, Mariana J. Kaplan, Paul A. Monach
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective To discover biomarkers involved in the pathophysiology of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody–associated vasculitis (AAV) and to determine whether low‐density granulocytes (LDGs) contribute to gene expression signatures in AAV. Methods The source of clinical data and linked biologic specimens was a randomized controlled treatment trial in AAV. RNA sequencing of whole blood from patients with AAV was performed during active disease at the baseline visit and during remission 6 months later. Gene expression was compared between patients who met versus those who did not meet the primary trial outcome of clinical remission at 6 months (responders versus nonresponders). Measurement of neutrophil‐related gene expression was confirmed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to validate the findings in whole blood. A negative‐selection strategy isolated LDGs from PBMC fractions. Results Differential expression between responders (n = 77) and nonresponders (n = 35) was detected in 2,346 transcripts at the baseline visit ( P &lt; 0.05). Unsupervised hierarchical clustering demonstrated a cluster of granulocyte‐related genes, including myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3). A granulocyte multigene composite score was significantly higher in nonresponders than in responders ( P &lt; 0.01) and during active disease than during remission ( P &lt; 0.01). This signature strongly overlapped an LDG signature identified previously in lupus (false discovery rate by gene set enrichment analysis &lt;0.01). Transcription of PR3 measured in PBMCs was associated with active disease and treatment response ( P &lt; 0.01). LDGs isolated from patients with AAV spontaneously formed neutrophil extracellular traps containing PR3 and MPO. Conclusion In AAV, increased expression of a granulocyte gene signature is associated with disease activity and decreased response to treatment. The source of this signature is likely LDGs, a potentially pathogenic cell type in AAV.
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) induced immunologic changes in children with asthma
Authors: Snezana Radic, Zorica Zivkovic, Branislava Milenkovic, Branislav Gvozdenovic, Tamara Krivokapic, Olivera Calovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To explore the correlation between ETS exposure and total serum IgE level and at least one positive skin-prick test (SPT) on common aeroallergens in asthmatic children. Method: 527 children (6-16 years), with asthma were recruited at a hospital admission for acute asthma exacerbation. A questionnaire was filled out by the physician concerning the history of asthma and family smoking status. Based on the results, children were divided into groups: ETS exposed (ETSE=337) and ETS free children (ETSF=190). Total IgE serum level was drawn and a SPT was performed on all children. Results: 49.9% were boys and 50.1% were girls, average age 10.83±2.85 years. There were 63.9% ETSE children, with 39.5% living with one and 24.5% with two smoking parents, 43.3% with smoking mothers and 45.2% with smoking fathers. The mean value of IgE was 461.73±547.58 IU/mL. The mean IgE was significantly higher in children living with one or both smoking parents, compared to ETSF children (p<0.001). The value of IgE increased positively with the increased number of smokers in the family (p<0.001). Mean values of IgE in children with solo smoking mothers were highest (F=12.64, p<0.001) compared to the children with solo smoking fathers, both smoking parents and ETSF children. There were 67.2% children with at least one positive SPT. The percentage of children with positive SPT increased positively three to four times with the increased number of smokers in the family (χ2=38.092, p<0.001). Conclusion: ETSE children had higher values of total IgE and a higher percentage of positive SPT. It is necessary to protect children with asthma from ETS.
CDC Report on Environmental Toxins
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2475: Excess Cardiovascular Mortality among Lean Hypertensive Nonsmoking Japanese
Authors: Hisako Tsuji, Tadashi Sato, Kentaro Morisaki
Journal: Circulation (2008)

BACKGROUND: Although several reports demonstrated that underweight was associated with higher cardiovascular (CVD) mortality, smoking was considered to be a major confounding factor. In Japan, prevalence of underweight is higher. METHODS: We studied 13,089 subjects (mean age 55±13 years, men 18%) who had the annual health examination offered to adult citizens of Moriguchi city, Osaka, Japan in 1997 and were not current smoker at the examination. Underweight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) &lt;18.0 kg/m 2 . Proportional hazards regression analysis was used to assess the association of BMI categories with CVD mortality. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 9.4±2.4 years, there were 136 CVD deaths. Of those, 78 CVD deaths, including 32 stroke deaths and 22 coronary deaths occurred in the hypertensives (n=3,925). Incidence of CVD deaths according to BMI categories and hypertension status was presented in the figure. Age and sex-adjusted proportional hazards regression analysis in the hypertensives showed CVD mortality was significantly higher in the underweight group (HR=3.2, 95%CI=1.3 to 7.7; p=0.0105), compared with the normal weight group (BMI 18.0 –24.9 kg/m 2 ). After adjustment for age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and drinking habit in the hypertensives, the result was unchanged (HR=3.1, 95%CI=1.3 to 7.4; p=0.0130). In the analyses restricted to never smokers (n=3,506) of the hypertensives, the result remained unchanged (HR=2.9, 95%CI=1.1 to 7.8; p=0.0296) after adjustment for all clinical variables. CONCLUSIONS: In the general Japanese hypertensive population, underweight was associated with higher CVD mortality unrelated to smoking.
Tumour necrosis factor-alpha synthesis by macrophages is impaired during secondary cutaneous immune responses in old subjects
Authors: E Agius, K Lacy, M Vukmanovic-Stejic, P Papageorgiou, S Hall, Reed, J Curnow, LS Taams, AL Jagger, J Fuentes-Duculan, C Buckley, M Salmon, J Krueger, J Greenwood, N Klein, M Rustin, AN Akbar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)
Self help smoking cessation in pregnancy
Authors: J.-F. Etter
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor-We, the NHS Economic Evaluation Database Research Team, agree with Smith that economic evaluations should contain comprehensive reporting of both clinical effectiveness and economic analysis and that the BMJ is right to implement this new policy. 1How the clinical trial results (which inform the economic evaluation) are obtained is often paramount to the understanding and quality of the economic analysis conducted. 2 Research reports are included and abstracted in full on the NHS Economic Evaluation Database (www.york.ac.uk/inst/ crd)-if they explicitly report costs and clinical outcomes for an intervention and at least one comparator. 3However, to critique the method adopted in the effectiveness study underpinning the economic evaluation appropriately, our template requires information that is often omitted in the report of the economic evaluation.When the parent clinical study has been previously published elsewhere, we obtain the study and use that alongside the economic research when writing the abstract.The abstract on the database then provides information on sample selection, study design, method of analysis, and so on, with the fact that the relevant information is cited from the parent study.Adhering to published guidelines, such as those provided by the BMJ, 4 should produce publications of the highest quality, but authors are still likely to feel the need to be selective in their reporting, given word limits.If authors are required to report more effectiveness data other crucial aspects of the economic evaluation might receive less attention.The focus for BMJ editors should be to ensure that reporting of both important components of economic evaluations receives appropriate attention from the authors.If the policy results in full reporting of both clinical and economic results in one place-for example, two papers in one issue of the journal-this will constitute an improvement.If, however, the new policy results in the combination of clinical and economic results in one short paper, this may be a step backwards.
The effect of CD14 C159T polymorphism on in vitro IgE synthesis and cytokine production by PBMC from children with asthma
Authors: C. Sackesen, E. Birben, O. U. Soyer, U. M. Sahiner, T. S. Yavuz, E. Civelek, E. Karabulut, M. Akdis, C. A. Akdis, O. Kalayci
Journal: Allergy (2010)

Even though the genotype at the promoter region of the CD14 molecule is known to affect the atopic phenotypes, the cellular and molecular basis of this association is largely unknown.To investigate the effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on IgE production and cytokine profile by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from asthmatic children with the TT and the CC genotypes at position -159 of the CD14 gene.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asthmatic children with alternative genotypes at CD14 C159T locus were stimulated with 2 and 200 ng/ml LPS in vitro. The IgE, IgG and, IgM response was determined by ELISA and Ig έ-germline, IgG, and IgM transcription by real-time PCR. A cluster of cytokines was measured by cytometric bead array.Asthmatic children with the TT genotype but not those with the CC genotype responded with increased IgE synthesis and germline transcription to LPS stimulation. There were no genotype-related differences in IgG and IgM. TT but not the CC genotype was associated with significantly increased interleukin (IL)-4/IL-12 and IL-4/interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) ratios in the culture supernatant. There were no genotype-related differences in IL-1β, IL-7, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17A, granulocyte colony stimulating factor, granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor, monocyte chemotactic protein, and tumor necrosis factor alpha.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asthmatic children with the TT genotype at position -159 of the CD14 gene make more IgE than those with the CC genotype following LPS stimulation because of increased germline transcription and have an augmented Th2 cytokine profile.
Recessive Robinow syndrome, allelic to dominant brachydactyly type B, is caused by mutation of ROR2
Authors: Ali R. Afzal, Anna Rajab, Christiane D. Fenske, Michael Oldridge, Navaratnam Elanko, Eliana Ternes-Pereira, Beyhan Tüysüz, Victoria A. Murday, Michael A. Patton, Andrew O.M. Wilkie, Steve Jeffery
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
THEN AND NOW
Authors: E. S. Pickering
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1978)

a matter of cells running amok.What causes this running amok Bell does not say, but he proposes to halt it by using colloidal lead, which has a lethal action upon lawless cells.But if the primary causes of cancer thus remain undisclosed, a great deal has beenlearned aboutits methodofprogress in the body.Cancer cells may now be dif ferentiated very clearly from normal cells, and at a relatively early stage.It is known that they pass through a stage in which their malignancy is scarcely more than potentialâ€"in other words, that a cancer always starts out as something that is not a cancer.It is known how they proliferate, once they are in being, and it is known how they are conveyed from one part of the body to the other.And if a direct and positive cure of the resulting disease is yet lacking, it is known that, if taken in time, it may be headed off.No one, so far, has ever cured cancer, in the sense that syphilis and malaria may be cured, but many thou sands of patients haye been saved from death by surgeons who have cut their can cers out of them.This must be done, of course, at any early stage â€"¿ before the cancer has reached its maximum malignancy, and above all, before it has begun to set up secondary cancers in remote and vital parts of the body,beyondthereach oftheknife.The struggle against the disease thus resolves itself into an effort to get into action against it at the earliest possible moment.
Text messaging is spoiling teenagers sleep
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The quality of sleep of almost half of 16 year olds may be affected by text messaging on mobile phones, a study from Belgium says.

The sleep of one in four 13 year olds could be affected too, says the researchers, who looked at the effects of text messaging on sleep interruption in teenagers ( Journal of Sleep Research (2003:12:263).

In the research, about 2500 first and fourth year children (aged 13 years and 16 years respectively) in the Leuven study on media and adolescent health (SOMAH) based …
581. Enhanced Antitumor Effect of Interleukin-12 and B7.1 Expressing Oncolytic Adenovirus in Immunocompetent Mouse
Authors: Young-Sook Lee, Kyung-Ju Cho, Sungae Cho, Chae-Ok Yun, Joo-Hang Kim
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Genetically modified replication-selective adenoviruses are currently under human clinical trials. These anticancer agents infect host cells through their lytic nature as part of their viral life cycle to eradicate tumor mass. The lytic property of the viral infection is coupled with virus-mediated delivery of therapeutic transgenes, enhancing the potency of the virus-based therapy against a complex array of human tumors. Interleukin (IL)-12 is reported to exhibit potent anti-tumor effect by promoting NK cell and cytotoxic T cell activities. The B7 family has been shown to take an important role in stimulating anti-tumor response, and synergy between IL-12 and B7-1 for cancer immunotherapy has previously been demonstrated. To increase the potential antitumor activity of the oncolytic adenovirus, we have constructed an E1B 55kDa deleted oncolytic adenoviral vector, Y/mIL-12/mB, which expresses murine IL-12 and B7.1. The therapeutic efficacy of Y/mIL-12/mB and Y/mIL-12 was evaluated in an immunocompetent mouse bearing murine melanoma B16F10 tumor. The results showed significant inhibition of tumor growth following Y/mIL-12/mB treatment compared to PBS treated tumors. Moreover, the oncolytic adenovirus expressing IL-12 and B7.1 demonstrated enhanced antitumor activity and a higher incidence of complete tumor regression compared to tumors treated with the analogous vector (YKL-1) that lacks IL-12 and B7.1. Survival was also significantly prolonged in Y/mIL-12/mB-treated mice, and immunohistochemistry experiments demonstrated robust CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration in these mice compared to the YKL-1 subjects. In addition, we observed that Y/mIL-12/mB induced significantly higher CTL activity than YKL-1, demonstrating that anti-tumor effect is associated with the generation of tumor-specific immune response. These data indicate that local expression of IL-12 and B7.1 in tumor bed may be an attractive alternative treatment against metastatic carcinoma.
Abstract 16771: Inferring Dynamic Gene-microRNA Regulatory Networks in Cardiac Differentiation by Integrating Multi-Dimensional Data
Authors: Wuming Gong, Naoko Koyano-Nakagawa, Daniel J Garry
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Decoding the temporal control of gene and microRNA expression patterns are key to understanding the complex mechanism of developmental decisions during heart development. High-throughput methods have been employed to systematically study the dynamic and coordinated nature of cardiac differentiation at the global level with multiple dimensions. There is pressing need to develop systems way to integrate these data from individual studies and infer the dynamic regulatory networks in an unbiased fashion. Methods: We developed a two-step strategy to integrate data from (1) temporal RNA-seq, (2) temporal histone modifications ChIP-seq, (3) temporal microRNA microarray, (4) microRNA target sites, (5) transcription factor (TF) ChIP-seq and (6) gene perturbation, to reconstruct the dynamic network. First, we trained a logistic regression model to predict the probability (LR score) of any base being bound by 543 TFs with known positional weight matrices. Second, six dimensions of data were combined by t...
The Aging Process of the Heart: Obesity Is the Main Risk Factor for Left Atrial Enlargement During Aging
Authors: Jan Stritzke, Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus, Stefanie Duderstadt, Wolfgang Lieb, Andreas Luchner, Angela Döring, Ulrich Keil, Hans-Werner Hense, Heribert Schunkert
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
The absence of the physiological antagonist of transforming growth factor-beta, BAMBI, promotes alterations in myocardial beta-1 adrenergic signaling
Authors: Ana V. Villar Ramos, Fuencisla Pilar-Cuéllar, Elsa M. Valdizán, Cecilia Montalvo, David Merino, Miguel Llano, Víctor Expósito, María A. Hurlé, J. Francisco Nistal
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy Revisited
Authors: Srijita Sen-Chowdhry, Sanjay K. Prasad, Petros Syrris, Ricardo Wage, Deirdre Ward, Robert Merrifield, Gillian C. Smith, David N. Firmin, Dudley J. Pennell, William J. McKenna
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
FDA tells doctors to use heartburn drug as last resort
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The Food and Drug Administration has issued a stern warning that the popular heartburn drug cisapride can cause dangerous irregular heart beats and even sudden death and should be used only as a last resort in patients with the worst cases of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease when other treatments have failed.

Patients now taking cisapride should ask their doctors about switching treatment, and doctors should not prescribe the drug without first performing electrocardiography to rule out underlying cardiac abnormalities, according to the warning. The drug's trade name is Propulsid in the United States and Prepulsid in the United Kingdom.

The administration also included in the warning some new contraindicated drugs, such …
QAV680, cetirizine and their combination reduce nasal symptoms in patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis in an environmental exposure chamber
Authors: Veit J. Erpenbeck, Anne Marie Salapatek, Piyush Patel, Deanne Carew, Gerald Dubois, Sheryl Perry, Michael Larbig
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction   QAV680 is an oral, selective, competitive, and reversible CRTh2 antagonist. This study assessed the effect of an antihistamine, QAV680 or a combination of the two in the treatment of ragweed pollen-induced allergic rhinitis in an environmental exposure chamber (EEC).   Methods   In this double-blind, 3-period incomplete crossover study (NCT01103050), patients (pts) with seasonal allergic rhinitis were randomised (1:1:1:1) to either QAV680 500mg qid, cetirizine (CTZ) 10mg od, a combination of the two, or placebo (PBO) for 14 days. Efficacy on total nasal and ocular symptom score (TNSS and TOSS, respectively), PK and safety data was determined.   Results   Of the 60 pts randomised, 48 completed the study. The combination therapy QAV680+CTZ, and monotherapies (QAV680, CTZ) significantly reduced TNSS (averaged over last 2hrs of 8hrs of allergen exposure EEC, day 14) and TOSS compared with PBO (table). QAV680, CTZ and the combination were well tolerated with comparable numbers of subjects with adverse events in each treatment group (QAV680+CTZ=16.3%; QAV680=32.5%; CTZ=23.3%; PBO=15.8%). No deaths or SAEs were reported and PK data were consistent with previous phase I studies.   Conclusion   QAV680, cetirizine and their combination were well tolerated and significantly reduced nasal and ocular symptoms versus placebo in patients with intermittent seasonal allergic rhinitis.
Durability of responses following donor lymphocyte infusions for patients who relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Francesco Dazzi, Richard M. Szydlo, Nicholas C. P. Cross, Charles Craddock, Jaspal Kaeda, Ed Kanfer, Kate Cwynarski, Eduardo Olavarria, Agnes Yong, Jane F. Apperley, John M. Goldman
Journal: Blood (2000)