tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A COMPARISON OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW RESULTS OBTAINED IN THE INTACT ANIMAL BY THE NITROUS OXIDE (DERIVED FICK) METHOD AND BY THE PARA-AMINO-HIPPURATE (DIRECT FICK) METHOD 1
Authors: Hadley L. Conn, John C. Wood, Carl F. Schmidt, Phyllis Ibach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)

The nitrous oxide method as originally conceived was applied to the cerebral circulation and found to provide an accurate clinical means of determining cerebral blood flow (1). The use of an inert gas as a test substance which reaches a blood-tissue diffusion equilibrium made possible the application of a derived Fick equation and circumvented the need for direct measurement of the rate of gas uptake by the tissue. Because of this advantage, a technically modified version of the original method was recently advocated (2) as a new approach to the measurement of renal blood flow in the intact subject, human or animal, with a particular application to the anuric state, since other renal flow methods in clinical use then become totally inadequate. In that communication, a comparison of results obtained by the nitrous oxide method with those obtained by the simultaneous use of a bubble flow meter was made and the agreement found under the prevailing conditions was felt to be quite good; approximately + 15 per cent (95 per cent limits). Following that study an opportunity has arisen during the course of other experiments to test further this method in intact dogs under more varied conditions (excluding anuria) at the same time as para-amino-hippurate (PAH) Fick renal blood flow measurements were being made. Since the PAH Fick method is recognized as the most accurate one clinically available for measuring renal blood flow, and since it too was previously found to show a good agreement with bubble flow meter measurements (3), an evalua
Transmembrane electron transfer in diabetic nephropathy.
Authors: E Matteucci, O Giampietro
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

Erythrocytes (red blood cells [RBCs]) reduce extracellular ferricyanide by transmembrane transfer of reducing equivalents involving ascorbate recycling.Because ascorbate regeneration is glutathione (GSH) dependent and cells may be depleted of GSH in diabetes, we measured RBC GSH, plasma sulfhydryl (SH) groups, and RBC-mediated ferricyanide reduction in 30 type 1 diabetic patients (age 34 +/- 10 years, disease duration 20 +/- 8 years; no complications, n = 10; retinopathy, n = 10; nephropathy, n = 10), their 36 siblings (age 39 +/- 13 years), and matched healthy volunteers.Fasting plasma glucose was 15 +/- 7 mmol/l (vs. 5 +/- 1 in control subjects, P < 0.001), HbA1c 8.4 +/- 1.5% (vs. 5.4 +/- 0.3, P < 0.001), GSH 0.76 +/- 0.12 mg/ml packed RBCs (vs. 0.88 +/- 0.18, P < 0.01), SH groups 401 +/- 72 micromol/l (vs. 444 +/- 56, P < 0.05), and ferrocyanide generation 15 +/- 5 micromol/ml RBC per h (vs. 13 +/- 5, NS). In comparison with 10 normoalbuminuric diabetic subjects with retinopathy, 10 patients with diabetic nephropathy had similar fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, and SH groups; lower RBC GSH (0.73 +/- 0.08 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.11, P < 0.05); and higher ferrocyanide generation (18 +/- 4 vs. 14 +/- 5, P < 0.05). The 10 patients without complications differed from the 10 healthy volunteers in glycemic control and RBC GSH. RBC electron transfer correlated with plasma lactate (r = 0.8, P = 0.01) only in the uncomplicated group. No difference was detected between siblings and healthy control subjects or between siblings of subjects in the nephropathy and retinopathy groups. Among diabetic patients, the rate of ferrocyanide generation was associated with urinary albumin excretion, plasma creatinine, and SH groups (multiple r = 0.6, P < 0.01).Transmembrane electron transfer is selectively increased in diabetic nephropathy, where RBC GSH is also depleted. The abnormality is peculiar to the nephropathy group and not contributed by familial or hereditary components because the electron flow was normal in siblings. The close relationship between cytosolic NADH and RBC electron transfer observed in diabetic patients without complications seems to be lost in the microangiopathic patients. Whereas patients with retinopathy alone still had normal activity of the RBC-reducing system, patients with nephropathy showed significantly increased activity, unrelated to metabolic parameters or plasma lactate concentration and correlated with renal function parameters and plasma thiols.
Apelin is a positive regulator of ACE2 in failing hearts
Authors: Teruki Sato, Takashi Suzuki, Hiroyuki Watanabe, Ayumi Kadowaki, Akiyoshi Fukamizu, Peter P. Liu, Akinori Kimura, Hiroshi Ito, Josef M. Penninger, Yumiko Imai, Keiji Kuba
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a negative regulator of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), catalyzing the conversion of Angiotensin II to Angiotensin 1-7. Apelin is a second catalytic substrate for ACE2 and functions as an inotropic and cardioprotective peptide. While an antagonistic relationship between the RAS and apelin has been proposed, such functional interplay remains elusive. Here we found that ACE2 was downregulated in apelin-deficient mice. Pharmacological or genetic inhibition of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) rescued the impaired contractility and hypertrophy of apelin mutant mice, which was accompanied by restored ACE2 levels. Importantly, treatment with angiotensin 1-7 rescued hypertrophy and heart dysfunctions of apelin-knockout mice. Moreover, apelin, via activation of its receptor, APJ, increased ACE2 promoter activity in vitro and upregulated ACE2 expression in failing hearts in vivo. Apelin treatment also increased cardiac contractility and ACE2 levels in AT1R-deficient mice. These data demonstrate that ACE2 couples the RAS to the apelin system, adding a conceptual framework for the apelin-ACE2–angiotensin 1-7 axis as a therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases.
Serum ferritin concentrations and body iron stores in a multicenter, multiethnic primary‐care population
Authors: Victor R. Gordeuk, David M. Reboussin, Christine E. McLaren, James C. Barton, Ronald T. Acton, Gordon D. McLaren, Emily L. Harris, Jacob A. Reiss, Paul C. Adams, Mark Speechley, Pradyumna D. Phatak, Phyliss Sholinsky, John H. Eckfeldt, Wen‐Pin Chen, Leah Passmore, Fitzroy W. Dawkins
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract How often elevated serum ferritin in primary‐care patients reflects increased iron stores (normally 0.8 g in men, 0.4 g in women) is not known. The Hereditary Hemochromatosis and Iron Overload Screening (HEIRS) study screened 101,168 primary‐care participants (44% Caucasians, 27% African‐Americans, 14% Asians/Pacific Islanders, 13% Hispanics, 2% others). Follow‐up clinical evaluation was performed in 302 of 333 HFE C282Y homozygotes regardless of iron measures and 1,375 of 1,920 nonhomozygotes with serum ferritin &gt;300 μg/L (men), &gt;200 μg/L (women) and transferrin saturation &gt;50% (men), &gt;45% (women). Quantitative phlebotomy was conducted in 122 of 175 C282Y homozygotes and 122 of 1,102 nonhomozygotes with non‐transfusional serum ferritin elevation at evaluation. The estimated prevalence in the Caucasian population of C282Y homozygotes with serum ferritin &gt;900 μg/L at evaluation was 20 per 10,000 men and 4 per 10,000 women; this constellation was predictive of iron stores &gt;4 g in men and &gt;2 g in women. The estimated prevalence per 10,000 of non‐C282Y homozygotes with serum ferritin &gt;900 μg/L at evaluation was 7 among Caucasians, 13 among Hispanics, 20 among African Americans, and 38 among Asians and Pacific Islanders, and this constellation was predictive of iron stores &gt;2 g but &lt;4 g. In conclusion, serum ferritin &gt;900 μg/L after initial elevations of both serum ferritin and transferrin saturation is predictive of mildly increased iron stores in multiple ethnic populations regardless of HFE genotype. Serum ferritin &gt;900 μg/L in male C282Y homozygotes is predictive of moderately increased iron stores. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterisation of centromere (kinetochore) antigen reactive with sera of patients with a scleroderma variant (CREST syndrome).
Authors: M Nishikai, Y Okano, H Yamashita, M Watanabe
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

Anticentromere (kinetochore) antibody is the marker antibody in CREST syndrome, but the precise molecular composition of the partner antigen has been poorly defined. This report describes for the first time a procedure for the successful extraction and biochemical characterisation of the centromere antigen molecule. The centromere antigen was extracted with 4M NaCl solution. The molecular weight of the partner antigen of the centromere antibody was determined to be 70 000 daltons by the SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting methods. A Sephacryl S-300 column experiment confirmed these results. Centromere antigenic activity was preserved at pHs between 3 and 11 and was resistant to three enzymes, trypsin, RNase, and DNase.
The HLA system and the arthropathies associated with psoriasis.
Authors: C J Eastmond, J C Woodrow
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1977)

Histocompatibility typing was carried out in 74 patients with psoriasis and an inflammatory arthropathy. In 40 patients with peripheral arthropathy characterized by distal interphalangeal joint involvement, 13 (32-5%) were HLA-B27 positive, significantly higher than the control frequency (P = 5-8 X 10 (-6). 26 of the 40 patients did not have ankylosing spondylitis or radiological sacroiliitis and 7 were HLA-B27 positive, also significantly higher than in controls (P = 0-0049). All 7 patients with psoriasis and ankylosing spondylitis without peripheral arthropathy were HLA-B27 positive. The 10 patients with ankylosing spindylitis or radiological sacroliitis who were HLA-B27 negative all had peripheral arthropathy. It is suggested that being HLA-B27 positive increases the risk of a psoriatic patient developing both peripheral arthropathy and ankylosing spondylitis. In addition, some of the genes involved in susceptibility to psoriasis also have a role in the pathogenesis of both types of arthropathy. A hypothesis is put forward that some of the genes for psoriasis may be aetiologically important in some HLA-B27 negative patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
Common Bile Duct Dilation in Patients with Lung Neoplasms: Can It Really be Considered a Paraneoplastic Phenomenon?
Authors: V. F. Moreira, A. L. Sanroman, E. Meroño
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

See also: The Significance of Unexplained Dilated Common Bile Duct at Endoscopic Retrograde CholangiopancreatographyEndoscopy 1988; 20(06): 292-293DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1018199
<i>In vitro</i>modulation of keratinocyte wound healing integrins by zinc, copper and manganese
Authors: None TENAUD, None SAINTE-MARIE, None JUMBOU, None LITOUX, None DRÉNO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Although the trace elements zinc, copper and manganese are used in vivo for their healing properties, their mechanism of action is still only partially known. Some integrins expressed by basal layer keratinocytes play an essential part in healing, notably α2β1, α3β1, α6β4 and αVβ5, whose expression and distribution in epidermis are modified during the re‐epithelialization phase. This study demonstrates how the expression of these integrins are modulated in vitro by trace elements. Integrin expression was studied in proliferating keratinocytes in monolayer cultures and in reconstituted skin that included a differentiation state. After 48 h incubation with zinc gluconate (0.9, 1.8 and 3.6 μg/mL), copper gluconate (1, 2 and 4 μg/mL), manganese gluconate (0.5, 1 and 2 μg/mL) and control medium, integrin expression was evaluated by FACScan and immunohistochemistry. Induction of α2, α3, αV and α6 was produced by zinc gluconate 1.8 μg/mL in monolayers, of α2, α6 and β1 by copper gluconate 2 and 4 μg/mL and of all the integrins studied except α3 by manganese gluconate 1 μg/mL. Thus, α6 expression was induced by all three trace elements. The inductive effect of zinc was particularly notable on integrins affecting cellular mobility in the proliferation phase of wound healing (α3, α6, αV) and that of copper on integrins expressed by suprabasally differentiated keratinocytes during the final healing phase (α2, β1 and α6), while manganese had a mixed effect.
Potential use of biomarkers in acute kidney injury: report and summary of recommendations from the 10th Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative consensus conference
Authors: Patrick T. Murray, Ravindra L. Mehta, Andrew Shaw, Claudio Ronco, Zoltan Endre, John A. Kellum, Lakhmir S. Chawla, Dinna Cruz, Can Ince, Mark D. Okusa
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
TCT-105 Long-term Intravascular Blood-Pressure Monitoring with a Novel, Wireless Sensor System – Results from Chronic In-vivo Studies
Authors: Nina Cleven, Anna Woitok, Peter Isfort, Tobias Penzkofer, Michael Görtz, Thorsten Göttsche, Ulrich Steinseifer, Thomas Schmitz-Rode
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Cummings Otolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery
Authors: Mark A. Zacharek
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The 'Other STDs': Do They Really Matter?
Authors: Willard Cates
Journal: JAMA (1988)

ACQUIRED immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)—it seems to dominate all else. Do the other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) matter? Whatever happened to gonorrhea... or syphilis? How about infection with chlamydia, which has hardly had a well-earned day in court? Does anyone remember herpes? Even concerns about human papilloma-virus causing cervical cancer cannot rally much enthusiasm. The other STDs clearly<i>do</i>matter... in fact, they matter more today than ever before. In this commentary, I contend that we create a false dichotomy between AIDS and the other STDs by considering them separately—a dichotomy that does more harm than good by detracting from the commonality of primary/secondary STD prevention activities. These activities taken together should ultimately potentiate reduction of<i>all</i>STDs, not just human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydial infection, or any of the others. Why should we use a common approach for all STDs, including HIV infection? For simplicity, I will
Cannabinoid receptor 1 controls human mucosal-type mast cell degranulation and maturation in situ
Authors: Koji Sugawara, Nóra Zákány, Torsten Hundt, Vladimir Emelianov, Daisuke Tsuruta, Christian Schäfer, Jennifer E. Kloepper, Tamás Bíró, Ralf Paus
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
PD4-3-3: Phase II trial of carboplatin plus docetaxel combined with a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (meloxicam) in first-line treatment of patients with advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer: anti-tumor effect and cyclooxygenase-2 expression
Authors: Satoko Sekine, Kengo Oshima, Takashi Ishida, Satoshi Oizumi, Hiroshi Yokouchi, Koichi Yamazaki, Noriaki Sukoh, Shigeaki Ogura, Mitsuru Munakata, Hiroshi Isobe
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Dermoscopic pattern of intermediate stage in seborrhoeic keratosis regressing to lichenoid keratosis: report of 24 cases
Authors: P. Zaballos, S. Blazquez, S. Puig, E. Salsench, J. Rodero, J.M. Vives, J. Malvehy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Lichenoid keratosis (LK) is a well-described entity which has been proposed to represent an immunological or regressive response to pre-existing epidermal lesions such as solar lentigines or seborrhoeic keratoses.To evaluate the dermoscopic criteria of a series of cases of LK with remaining areas of seborrhoeic keratosis which were both dermoscopically and histologically diagnosed.Pigmented lesions with dermoscopic areas of seborrhoeic keratosis and LK in the same tumour were consecutively diagnosed and prospectively included in the study. All pigmented lesions were examined and registered using DermLite Foto equipment (3Gen, LLC, Dana Point, CA, U.S.A.), at 10-fold magnification, at the Dermatology Department of Hospital de Sant Pau i Santa Tecla (Tarragona, Spain), between 1 January 2003 and 31 December 2005.In total, 24 cases of lesions with dermoscopic areas of seborrhoeic keratosis and LK were collected. In four lesions (17%), the clinical differential diagnosis without dermoscopy included malignant melanoma and in seven lesions (29%), basal cell carcinoma. The diagnosis of LK was clinically considered without dermoscopy in only six cases (25%). A granular pattern was observed to be distributed throughout the LK areas of the lesions. This pattern consisted of the presence of brownish-grey, bluish-grey or whitish-grey coarse granules that formed, in 11 cases (46%), globules and/or short lines. In one lesion, located on the face, these short lines produced annular or rhomboid structures as seen in lentigo maligna melanoma.Dermoscopy is a useful tool which assists in the correct clinical recognition of LK, which may also potentially illuminate the pathogenesis of these tumours, showing the intermediate stage of regressing epidermal lesions in an LK.
Magnifying Chromoendoscopy of the Esophagus: In-Vivo Pathological Diagnosis Using an Endocytoscopy System
Authors: Y. Kumagai, K. Monma, K. Kawada
Journal: Endoscopy (2004)

The aim of the present study was to observe the endoscopic characteristics of cells on the surface layer of superficial esophageal carcinomas in vivo using an endocytoscopy system and to compare the findings with those in normal squamous epithelium.Superficial esophageal cancers in 12 patients were examined with methylene blue staining using an endocytoscopy system.The endocytoscopy system and methylene blue staining made it possible to observe cells on the surface of the squamous epithelium in normal esophageal mucosa. Normal cells were arranged homogeneously, and the nucleus cytoplasm ratio was uniform and low. In esophageal cancers, the density of cells was found to be much greater than that in normal squamous epithelium. The cell distribution was also irregular and the cells were extremely heterogeneous, with the nuclei having different staining, size, and shape characteristics. The nucleus cytoplasm ratio was also very irregular.Examining esophageal tissue using the endocytoscopy system described here makes it possible to observe detailed histological alterations in esophageal lesions in vivo.
Abstract A38: A functional connection between the SWI/SNF-BAF ATPase BRG1 and the tumor suppressor BRCA1 in DNA damage response
Authors: Ling Zhang, Hua Chen, Feng Gong
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract We and others have shown that the SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin remodeling complex plays a role in the repair of UV-induced DNA damage. It was proposed that chromatin remodeling activities are utilized to increase the accessibility of NER machinery and checkpoint factors to the damaged DNA. It was demonstrated recently that BRCA1 contributes to UV damage response by promoting photoproduct excision, triggering post-UV checkpoint activation and post replicative repair. In this study, we show that BRCA1 rapidly binds to UV damage sites when cells are undergoing DNA synthesis. In contrast, two phosphorylated forms of BRCA1 do not accumulate at sites of UV damage. Depletion of BRG1, a core subunit of the human SWI/SNF-BAF complex, impairs the recruitment of BRCA1 to the damage sites and attenuates DNA damage induced BRCA1 phosphorylation. At UV lesions-stalled replication forks, BRG1 promotes RPA phosphorylation in response to UV irradiation, since UV-induced phosphorylation of chromatin bound RPA drops significantly when BRG1 is depleted in human cells. In addition, activation of ATR/ATM is attenuated when BRG1 is depleted. We propose that BRG1 functions upstream of BRCA1 and modulates its response to UV irradiation. Citation Format: Ling Zhang, Hua Chen, Feng Gong. A functional connection between the SWI/SNF-BAF ATPase BRG1 and the tumor suppressor BRCA1 in DNA damage response. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A38.
First rotavirus vaccine made in India is launched
Authors: C. Travasso
Journal: BMJ (2015)

India’s prime minister, Narendra Modi, launched the first oral rotavirus vaccine to be developed and manufactured in the country on 9 March.

Every year in India 80 000 children under 5 die, and up to one million are hospitalised, because of diarrhoea caused by rotavirus. Rotavac was developed by Bharat Biotech, Hyderabad, and is priced at just $1 (£0.67; €0.95; Rs63) a dose.1 2 The three dose vaccine will aid efforts to lower infant mortality due …
Clinical Presentation of Acute Abdomen: Study of 600 Patients
Authors: J. R. Staniland, J. Ditchburn, F. T. de Dombal
Journal: BMJ (1972)

This paper presents the clinical features of 600 patients suffering from abdominal pain of acute onset and admitted to either the General Infirmary or St. James's Hospital, Leeds. The survey was initially retrospective, but later put on a prospective basis. Roughly two-thirds of these 600 patients presented a "typical" picture of the disease with which they presented, while the remaining third presented one or more atypical features. Since other prospective studies have indicated that the diagnostic accuracy of a group of clinicians in respect of the acute abdomen is roughly 65% it is tentatively suggested (a) that clinical diagnosis contains a large element of "pattern-matching," and (b) that such a policy can be expected to be ineffective in roughly one-third of all cases of acute abdominal pain.
The Spectrum of Wegener's Granulomatosis and Disease Relapse
Authors: Paul A. Bacon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Wegener's syndrome (Wegener's granulomatosis) is a rare systemic disorder, and because it involves multiple organs, affected patients may seek help from physicians in many specialties. It is classified as a type of primary systemic vasculitis, and the typical renal glomerular involvement is histologically identical to that seen in microscopic polyangiitis. However, Wegener's syndrome also involves multiple other organs. The clinical picture includes airway disease and skin, eye, and joint involvement, which therefore figure in the diagnostic criteria. Unlike microscopic polyangiitis, the lesions in Wegener's syndrome are largely granulomatous. Vasculitis and granulomata can occur in the same lesion, but they commonly . . .