tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sclerostin and Insulin Resistance in Prediabetes: Evidence of a Cross Talk Between Bone and Glucose Metabolism
Authors: Giuseppe Daniele, Deidre Winnier, Andrea Mari, Jan Bruder, Marcel Fourcaudot, Zuo Pengou, Devjit Tripathy, Christopher Jenkinson, Franco Folli
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE A gene mutation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling cascade is present in rare patients with the insulin resistance syndrome. Sclerostin is a circulating peptide inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Our aims were to evaluate serum sclerostin in subjects with prediabetes and to analyze its relationship with insulin resistance and β-cell function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study including 43 healthy normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) individuals and 79 individuals with impaired glucose regulation (IGR), which included subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and combined IFG-IGT, undergoing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. A subgroup of 18 with NGT and 30 with IGR also underwent a euglycemic–hyperinsulinemic clamp with tracer. RESULTS Sclerostin levels were higher in IGR compared with NGT (50.8 ± 2.4 vs. 38.7 ± 2.3 pmol/L; P = 0.01), positively correlated with HOMA-insulin resistance (IR) (r = 0.62; P &amp;lt; 0.001), and negatively correlated with insulin-mediated total body glucose disposal (r = −0.40; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Fasting endogenous glucose production (EGP) and hepatic and adipose tissue insulin resistance indexes were positively correlated with sclerostin levels (r = 0.48, r = 0.62, and r = 0.61, respectively; P &amp;lt; 0.001). Fasting and OGTT insulin clearance were inversely correlated with sclerostin serum levels (r = −0.52 and r = −0.44, respectively; both P &amp;lt; 0.001). Sclerostin levels were not correlated with β-cell function parameters. In multiple linear regression analysis, the addition of sclerostin levels to the traditional risk factors for insulin resistance improved the r2 associated with HOMA-IR (r2 change: 0.055; F change: 28.893; P = 0.001) and insulin-mediated total body glucose disposal (r2 change: 0.059; F change: 4.938; P = 0.033). CONCLUSIONS Sclerostin levels are increased in individuals with prediabetes and correlated with insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, liver, and adipose tissue. The correlation between sclerostin and insulin clearance at fasting state and during OGTT is novel; thus, studies are needed to explore the potential causal relationship.
How low is too low: Statin induced hemolysis
Authors: Jose M Pacheco, Musa Yilmaz, Lawrence Rice
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Image 1. Acanthocytes (panels A and B) prior to cessation of statin. Resolution of acanthocytes (panel C) with discontinuing statin. [Color figure can be viewed in the online issue, which is available at wileyonlinelibrary.com.] Acanthocytes can result from abnormalities in membrane lipids and proteins. Lipid alterations impact the deposition of cholesterols and phospholipids in the red cell membrane. Similar to our case, conditions with abnormally low serum lipids (e.g., abetalipoprotenemia and hypobetalipoprotenemia) have been associated with acanthocytosis. Other etiologies that should be considered in a patient with acanthocytosis include severe hepatic dysfunction, malnutrition, neuroacanthocytosis, vitamin E deficiency, McLeod phenotype, null Lutheran phenotype, post-splenectomy state, hypothyroidism, congenital disorders of the erythrocyte cytoskeleton, Anderson's disease and myelodysplasia 1-4.
Abstract 1459: Using P947 for Specifically Targeted Molecular MRI of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Atherosclerosis and Co-localization of Fluorescent Eu-P947 within Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Smbat Amirbekian, Juan G Aguinaldo, Vardan Amirbekian, Fabien Hyafil, Marc Sirol, David B Weinreb, Esad Vucic, Venkatesh Mani, Eric Lancelot, Claire Corot, Zahi A Fayad
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Malassezia, dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis: an overview
Authors: R.J. Hay
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Malassezia, dandruff and seborrhoeic dermatitis: an overview Get access R.J. Hay R.J. Hay Skin Infection Clinic, Dermatology Department, King's College Hospital NHS Trust, Denmark Hill, London SE5 9RS, U.K. Roderick J. Hay. E‐mail: roderick.hay@ifd.org Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 165, Issue s2, 1 October 2011, Pages 2–8, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10570.x Published: 01 October 2011
High dose (HD) IL-2 for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) in the targeted therapy era: Extension of OS benefits beyond complete response (CR) and partial response (PR).
Authors: Sandra Aung, Michael A. Morse, Michael K.K. Wong, Howard Kaufman, Gregory A. Daniels, David F. McDermott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

423 Background: HD IL-2 has been reported to have a overall response rate (ORR) for mRCC of 15% and a median OS of 19 months (Fyfe, 1995), however, the studies that led to its regulatory approval are &gt;15 years old and were performed in an era preceding targeted therapies. Methods: The PROCLAIM registry (www.proclaimregistry.com), a HD IL-2 observational database currently with over 30 participating sites, consists of a retrospective cohort (treated between 2007 and 2012) informing an ongoing prospective cohort (~600 patients). We report on the retrospective mRCC subjects (n=97, 13 sites) with survival status determined as of November 2013 and a median follow-up of 32 months. Sites were encouraged to enroll patients sequentially. Inclusion criteria required that patients have received at least one dose of HD IL-2. Results: The ORR was 22% (8% CR and 14% PR). Of 97 subjects, 36 were confirmed deceased and 61 were known to be alive, none were lost to follow-up. The median OS was 51 months, compared to a median OS range of 5-35 months for FDA-approved targeted agents (Harrison, 2013). There was significant clinical benefit in patients with CR, PR, and stable disease (SD), none of which reached median OS compared to 37.9 months in patients with progressive disease (PD). There is a significant advantage in PROCLAIM for those patients treated 1 st vs. 2 nd line HD IL-2; the median OS was 61.8 months (n=82) vs. 15.3 months (n=15), respectively. The clinical benefit of HD IL-2 therapy as front line is consistent with published data (Birkhauser, 2013). No deaths due to IL-2 related toxicity were reported in the retrospective cohort. Conclusions: The PROCLAIM registry documents a vastly improved OS for HD IL-2 compared to historical results during a time interval marked by the advent of targeted therapy for advanced RCC. Response to IL-2 (CR or PR) is associated with prolonged survival, however, stable disease as well as front line use also appears to positively impact survival. Issues including patient selection characteristics and treatment sequencing are hypotheses currently being explored in the prospective database. Clinical trial information: NCT01415167.
MASTERCLASS: An unusual cause of back pain in osteoporosis: lessons from a spinal lesion
Authors: S Venkatachalam, E. Dennison, M. Sampson, P. Hockey, M I D Cawley, C. Cooper
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

Case reportA 77 year old woman was admitted with a three month history of worsening back pain, malaise, and anorexia.On direct questioning, she reported that she had suVered from back pain for four years.The thoracolumbar radiograph four years earlier showed T6/7 vertebral collapse, mild scoliosis, and degenerative change of the lumbar spine (fig 1); but other investigations at that time including the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and protein electophoresis were normal.Bone mineral density then was 0.914 g/cm 2 (T score = -2.4) at the lumbar spine, 0.776 g/cm 2 (T score = -1.8)at the right femoral neck and 0.738 g/cm 2 (T score = -1.7)at the left femoral neck.She was given cyclical etidronate after this vertebral collapse as she had suVered a previous fragility fracture of the left wrist.On admission, she was afebrile, but general examination was remarkable for pallor, dental caries, and cellulitis of the left leg.A pansystolic murmur was heard at the cardiac apex on auscultation; there were no other signs of bacterial endocarditis.She had kyphoscoliosis and there was diVuse tenderness of the thoracolumbar spine.Her neurological examination was unremarkable.Laboratory investigations showed a marked normocytic anaemia (Hb, 6.6 g/dl, MCV, 80 fl), leucocytosis (TLC, 19.9 × 10 9 /l, neutrophils, 12.1), ESR of 45 mm 1st hour, and C reactive protein (CRP) of 89.9 mg/l (normal<6 mg/l).There was polyclonal increase of immunoglobulin; biochemical profile and urine analysis were normal.Blood cultures grew Streptococcus mitis (alpha-haemolytic) and an echocardiogram showed a large vegetation on the posterior mitral leaflet, confirming the clinical suspicion of bacterial endocarditis.After microbiological review, she was given intravenous teicoplanin (because of penicillin allergy) and netilmycin.A blood transfusion was also arranged.The back pain gave cause for concern as she found it diYcult to turn in bed.New radiographs showed an increase in the scoliosis, besides the previously recorded vertebral deformities (T6/7) and degenerative change.Technetium ( 99m Tc) scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the thoracolumbar spine, consistent with osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.
Further Studies on the Replication of Marek's Disease Virus in the Chicken and in Cell Culture&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K. Nazerian
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Different parameters of infection of chickens with Marek's disease virus and replication of the virus in chicken cells and cell cultures were studied. Complete replication of the virus in epithelial cells of the feather follicle was highly degenerative and proceeded with the death of the cell, whereas incomplete replication of the virus in lymphoid cells was not highly degenerative and was accompanied by proliferation of these cells and formation of tumors. In vivo and in vitro replication of the virus was studied with the electron microscope.
Role of KCNE1-Dependent K+ Fluxes in Mouse Proximal Tubule
Authors: VOLKER VALLON, FLORIAN GRAHAMMER, KERSTIN RICHTER, MARKUS BLEICH, FLORIAN LANG, JACQUES BARHANIN, HARALD VÖLKL, RICHARD WARTH
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

The electrochemical gradient for K+ across the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule favors K+ fluxes to the lumen. Here it was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry that KCNE1 and KCNQ1, which form together the slowly activated component of the delayed rectifying K+ current in the heart, also colocalize in the luminal membrane of proximal tubule in mouse kidney. Micropuncture experiments revealed a reduced K+ concentration in late proximal and early distal tubular fluid as well as a reduced K+ delivery to these sites in KCNE1 knockout (-/-), compared with wild-type (+/+) mice. These observations would be consistent with KCNE1-dependent K+ fluxes to the lumen in proximal tubule. Electrophysiological studies in isolated perfused proximal tubules indicated that this K+ flux is essential to counteract membrane depolarization due to electrogenic Na+-coupled transport of glucose or amino acids. Clearance studies revealed an enhanced fractional urinary excretion of fluid, Na+, Cl-, and glucose in KCNE1 -/- compared with KCNE1 +/+ mice that may relate to an attenuated transport in proximal tubule and contribute to volume depletion in these mice, as indicated by higher hematocrit values.
In Vitro Studies of Axillary Lymph Node Cells in Patients With Breast Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E Tsakraklides, V Tsakraklides, H Ashikari, P P Rosen, F P Siegal, G F Robbins, R A Good
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

A total of 170 axillary lymph nodes were obtained from fresh mastectomy specimens from 81 women with breast cancer. Lymph node cells were tested in vitro for T and B cells by the rosette technique and immunofluorescence microscopy and for functional capacity by response to the mitogens phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and concanavalin A. T cells showed a wide range of relative values: 32-80 percent, with a mean of 63.5 percent. B cells defined by the presence of surface immunoglobulins ranged from 14 to 61 percent (mean, 35.8 percent); those defined by the presence of C3 receptors, from 8 to 54 percent (mean, 24.9 percent); and those defined by the presence of IgG-specific (Fc) receptors, from 10 to 45 percent (mean, 27.5 percent). Cells with the C3 and Fc receptors constituted approximately two-thirds of the cells not binding spontaneously to sheep red blood cells (non-SRBC-R), whereas virtually all non-SRBC-R stained for surface immunoglobulins. The proportion of T and B cells and the response to mitogens varied widely among nodes and among patients. Differences were significant between values observed in young and old patients, nodes with and those without metastatic disease, and lymph nodes with different morphology. Lymph nodes from patients over 60 years old showed a higher proportion of B cells and a lower proportion of T cells than did those from patients 45 years of age or younger. Lymph nodes with disease metastic to them also showed a higher percent of B cells and a lower percent of T cells than the nodes that did not have metastatic disease. Lymph nodes with lymphocyte predominance showed a relatively high proportion of T lymphocytes, a high PHA response, and a low content of B lymphocytes. By contrast, lymph nodes with germinal-center predominance showed a relatively low content of T cells, a low PHA response, and a relatively high proportion of B lymphocytes.
Depression Among Cocaine Abusers in Treatment: Relation to Cocaine and Alcohol Use and Treatment Outcome
Authors: Richard A. Brown, Peter M. Monti, Mark G. Myers, Rosemarie A. Martin, Timothy Rivinus, Mary Ella Dubreuil, Damaris J. Rohsenow
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

The authors investigated the theoretical and clinical role of depression among cocaine abusers in treatment. Eighty-nine cocaine-abusing patients underwent 2 weeks of substance abuse treatment. Posttreatment major depressive disorder, depressive symptoms before and after substance abuse treatment, and alcohol diagnoses were assessed and their relation to pretreatment substance use, cravings in high-risk situations, and 3-month follow-up status was examined. High rates of major depressive disorder were found but were unrelated to pretreatment substance use. The decrease in depressive symptoms during treatment was independent of major depressive disorder or alcohol diagnoses and predicted treatment attrition. Higher levels of depressive symptoms during treatment were associated with greater urge to use cocaine, alcohol, and other drugs in high-risk situations. Concurrent major depressive disorder and depressive symptoms did not predict cocaine use at follow-up. However, patients who had an alcohol relapse episode experienced more depressive symptoms during treatment than did those who abstained. The results highlight the relationship of depression to alcohol use among cocaine abusers and suggest a need for further studies of the association between depression and substance use disorders.
Pulmonary Adenomatosis Induced in DBA/2 Mice by Oral Administration of Dibenz[&lt;italic&gt;a,h&lt;/italic&gt;]-anthracene
Authors: Katharine C. Snell, Harold L. Stewart
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Fourteen male and 13 female DBA/2 mice, given an aqueous olive-oil emulsion of dihenz[a, h]anthracene in place of drinking water for 200 days or longer, developed pulmonary adenomatosis. The lesion was found also in 1 control mouse given the olive-oil emulsion without dihenz[a, h]anthracene. Mice that drank the emulsion containing dibenz[a, h]anthracene developed alveologenic carcinoma, tumors of the mammary gland, precancerous lesions of the small intestine, and hemangioendotheliomas involving the pancreas, mesentery, and abdominal lymph nodes. These and other lesions induced by the treatment, as well as spontaneous lesions to which DBA/2 mice are subject, are described and discussed. A comparison is made with an experiment performed 13 years previously in which strain DBA/2 mice were also given an aqueous olive-oil emulsion containing dibenz[a, h]anthracene in place of drinking water but at a lower level of intake of the carcinogenic hydrocarbon. Fewer lesions of pulmonary adenomatosis but more neoplastic lesions of the small intestine developed in the earlier experiment.
Biologic and Anatomic Problems of Lung Shielding in Whole-Body Irradiation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jean Dutreix, Philippe Janoray, André Bridier, Jean-Pierre Houlard, Jean-Marc Cosset
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Lung shielding by lead blocks for reducing the dose to the lungs in whole-body irradiation results in relative protection of the leukemia cell population. The consequence is acceptable if the dose reduction is moderate (from 10 to 8 Gy) and if the shielded volume amounts to a small fraction (5%) of the body weight. The suggestion was made that certain limits should be put on the extent of shielding, so that the shielded lung fraction represents only 60% of the total lung volume.
Dynamics of asthma prevalence in children aged 6-7 and 13-14 in Novosibirsk
Authors: Elena Kondiurina, Tatiana Elkina, Vera Zelenskaya, Natalia Timinskaia, Maria Shably
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: The last standardized child asthma epidemiology study was over in 2002 (ISAAC). There was no such a programme for the last 10 years in the world.  Aim: To study the dynamics of asthma prevalence among children aged 6-7 and 13-14 in Novosibirsk.  Methods: According to the ISAAC about 3000 children aged 13–14 selfcompleted the written questionnaire in 2002 and 2012 whereas in the same years the written questionnaire was completed by about 3000 parents of children aged 6–7. Now we are making account for the results of study in 2011-12. This abstract introduces the preliminary results based on the questioning of 2000 parents and 1500 children aged 13-14 in 2011-12.  Results: The preliminary results of 2011-12 and their comparison with results of 2002 are presented in the Table.  Conclusions: The similar trends in both age groups is the decrease of prevalence of asthma symptoms. This may be due to stabilization of the economic situation, some improvement of ecology and introduction of guidelines for improvement the diagnostics and control of the asthma.
Diagnostic phototesting in the United Kingdom.
Authors: D. Bilsland, B.L. Diffey, P.M. Farr, J. Ferguson, N.K. Gibbs, J.L.M. Hawk, B.E. Johnson, I.A. Magnus, H. Moseley, G.M. Mruphy, P.G. Norris, A. Pierce
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Diagnostic phototesting in the United Kingdom: BRITISH PHOTODERMATOLOGY GROUP Get access D. Bilsland, D. Bilsland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.L. Diffey, B.L. Diffey Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.M. Farr, P.M. Farr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Ferguson, J. Ferguson Dr J. Ferguson, Photobiology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee DD1 9SY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.K. Gibbs, N.K. Gibbs Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.L.M. Hawk, J.L.M. Hawk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.E. Johnson, B.E. Johnson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.A. Magnus, I.A. Magnus Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Moseley, H. Moseley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G.M. Mruphy, G.M. Mruphy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar ... Show more P.G. Norris, P.G. Norris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Pierce A. Pierce Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 3, 1 September 1992, Pages 297–299, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb00134.x Published: 01 September 1992
Opposition to Law Officers Having Unfettered Access to Medical Records
Authors: A A Skolnick
Journal: JAMA (1998)

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Inconsistent Response of B16 Melanoma to BCG Immunotherapy 2
Authors: John W. Kreider, Gerald L. Bartlett, Dallas M. Purnell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

We evaluated the potential of the B16 melanoma of mice as a model system for BCG immunotherapy of malignant melanoma. We studied a variety of treatment protocols: a) BCG given simultaneously but separately with a small number of B16 cells significantly inhibited tumor growth in only three of eight experiments, b) BCG injected directly into the tumor stimulated tumor growth in three of three experiments; the stimulation was at least partially attributable to the nutrient medium in which the BCG was suspended, c) The B16 tumor was weakly immunogenic and the addition of BCG to a tumor cell vaccine offered little improvement in subsequent resistance to tumor cell challenge. d) In a model of postsurgical residual tumor, metastatic to regional lymph nodes, BCG and tumor cell vaccination did not alter the development of nodal metastases. The B16 melanoma was not a useful model system for BCG immunotherapy, because the tumor inhibition was feeble, inconsistent, and not associated with augmented tumor immunity.