tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 19783: Cerebral Oxygenation on Morning of Surgery Dependent on Time-to-Surgery in Infants with Critical Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Jennifer M Lynch, Maryam Y Naim, Erin M Buckley, Madeline E Winters, Peter J Schwab, David R Busch, Ann L McCarthy, Tiffany S Ko, Rui Xiao, Susan C Nicolson, Lisa M Montenegro, Stephanie Fuller, J. William Gaynor, Thomas L Spray, Arjun G Yodh, Daniel J Licht
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Infants with critical congenital heart disease exhibit a high prevalence of hypoxic-ischemic white matter injury (WMI). Infants with transposition of the great arteries (TGA) have a greater risk for pre-operative injury, whereas infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) have post-operative injury. Recent work has shown that increasing time from birth to surgery increases these risks for WMI in both cohorts. Understanding the changing preoperative cerebral physiology will help shed light on the differences in the timing of injury between diagnoses. Methods: Term neonates with TGA or HLHS were recruited. Frequency domain diffuse optical spectroscopy and diffuse correlation spectroscopy were employed to noninvasively quantify cerebral oxygen saturation (ScO2) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) prior to surgery. Cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) was calculated from ScO2 and arterial oxygen saturation from arterial blood gases. Subjects were grouped by time-to-surgery, with one group...
Mice lacking the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase gene are resistant to pancreatic beta-cell destruction and diabetes development induced by streptozocin
Authors: Volker Burkart, Zhao-Qi Wang, Jürgen Radons, Birgit Heller, Zdenko Herceg, Laura Stingl, Erwin F. Wagner, Hubert Kolb
Journal: Nature Medicine (1999)
Efficacy and safety of infliximab vs. methotrexate in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: results of an open-label, active-controlled, randomized trial (RESTORE1)
Authors: J. Barker, M. Hoffmann, G. Wozel, J.-P. Ortonne, H. Zheng, H. van Hoogstraten, K. Reich
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Infliximab is indicated for treatment of moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis in adults whose disease cannot be controlled with other systemic therapies, including methotrexate (MTX). To date, no studies have directly compared the efficacy and safety of infliximab and MTX.To compare the efficacy and safety of infliximab vs. MTX in adults with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis.MTX-naïve patients (n = 868) were randomized 3:1 to receive infliximab 5 mg kg⁻¹ at weeks 0, 2, 6, 14 and 22 or MTX 15 mg weekly with a dose increase to 20 mg weekly at week 6 if the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) response was < 25%. At week 16, patients with < PASI 50 response could switch treatment groups. The primary efficacy endpoint was PASI 75 response at week 16. Major secondary efficacy endpoints were PASI 75 response at week 26, and the proportion of patients achieving a Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score of cleared (0) or minimal (1) at weeks 16 and 26. Others included Dermatology Life Quality Index, 36-Item Short Form Health Survey, and PGA, PASI 50, PASI 75 and PASI 90 responses over time.The primary endpoint was achieved by a significantly greater proportion of infliximab-treated patients (508/653, 78%) than MTX-treated patients (90/215, 42%; P < 0·001). Key secondary endpoints also were achieved by a greater proportion of infliximab-treated patients. Similar responses were observed at week 26 in patients who switched from MTX to infliximab at week 16. Overall adverse event (AE) incidence was comparable between groups, but incidence of serious and severe AEs was slightly higher in the infliximab group.Infliximab was well tolerated and more efficacious than MTX in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. Infliximab also was efficacious in patients who failed MTX and switched to infliximab.
Mutations of the AML1 gene in myelodysplastic syndrome and their functional implications in leukemogenesis
Authors: Yoichi Imai, Mineo Kurokawa, Koji Izutsu, Akira Hangaishi, Kengo Takeuchi, Kazuhiro Maki, Seishi Ogawa, Shigeru Chiba, Kinuko Mitani, Hisamaru Hirai
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract MP92: Sedentary Behavior: Do Television-viewing and Total Time Sitting Measure the Same Component?
Authors: Heather A McGrane Minton, Kelly Thevenet-Morrison, I. Diana Fernandez
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Sedentary behaviors (SB) are activities associated with prolonged time periods of sitting, reclining, or laying down during waking hours. While the relation between SB and physical activity is complex, the common consensus is that SB is not the absence of physical activity and consists of its own determinants posing distinct health outcomes. These behaviors are of significant public health importance as the majority of Americans spend much of their days in SB and due to the increased risks of morbidity and mortality associated with SB. Adverse health outcomes associated with SB include cardiovascular disease, obesity, metabolic syndrome, hypertension and mortality. Television-viewing time and total sitting time have both been used widely to assess time spent in SB and therefore we hypothesize that TV-viewing time and total hours sitting will have high concordance and can be used interchangeably to represent sedentary behaviors. Methods: Using a sample (n = 2858) from the Images of a Healthy Worksite study, a group-randomized control trial involving nutrition and physical activity, the current study assessed how two different tools measured time spent in SB. Tertiles were created based upon the distribution of hours sitting and hours spent TV-vewing. Weighted Kappa statistics were used to measure concordance between hours of TV-viewing and total hours of time spent sitting for the entire sample and for subgroup analyses. Results: Weighted Kappa statistics for tertiles of hours sitting and tv hours were 0.0046, indicating little agreement on the television and the sitting items. Kappa w statistics for BMI categories also showed poor agreement (obese Kappa w = 0.02, overweight Kappa w = 0.002, and healthy subjects Kappa w = 0.006. The Kappa w statistics for males and females were -0.006 and 0.02, respectively. Kappa w statistics for the intervention group (Kappa w = 0.007) and for the control group (Kappa w = 0.0005) also showed little agreement. Conclusions: These results suggest that although commonly used, using television viewing time and total time spent sitting as interchangeable markers of SB, is not a valid assumption. We propose that total time spent sitting and hours spent television-viewing represent different domains within the construct of sedentary behavior. It is important for future researchers to use measures of sedentary behavior that capture the numerous domains involved in measuring SB to allow for the most sensitive measurement of this high-risk behavior.
THE MYOCARDIUM IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS
Authors: DerrickA. Brewerton, DavidH. Goddard, RichardB. Moore, PeterA. Revell, DerekG. Gibson, TerenceJ. Jones, ColinT. Pease, LeonardM. Shapiro, KennethV. Swettenham
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Hair removal in hirsute women with normal testosterone levels: a randomized controlled trial of long-pulsed diode laser vs. intense pulsed light
Authors: C.S. Haak, P. Nymann, A.T. Pedersen, H.V. Clausen, U. Feldt Rasmussen, Å.K. Rasmussen, K. Main, M. Haedersdal
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Hirsutism is a common disorder in women of reproductive age, and androgen disturbances may aggravate the condition. Limited evidence exists regarding efficacy of hair removal in this specific population and no data are available for patients with verified normal testosterone levels. Objectives To compare efficacy and safety of intense pulsed light (IPL) vs. long-pulsed diode laser (LPDL) in a well-defined group of hirsute women with normal testosterone levels. Methods Thirty-one hirsute women received six allocated split-face treatments with IPL (525–1200 nm; Palomar Starlux IPL system) and LPDL (810 nm; Asclepion MeDioStar XT diode laser). Testosterone levels were measured three times during the study period. Patients with intrinsically normal or medically normalized testosterone levels throughout the study were included in efficacy assessments (n = 23). Endpoints were reduction in hair counts assessed by blinded photoevaluations at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months after final treatment, patient-evaluated reduction in hairiness, patient satisfaction, treatment-related pain and adverse effects. Results IPL and LPDL reduced hair counts significantly, with median reductions from baseline of 77%, 53% and 40% for IPL and 68%, 60% and 34% for LDPL at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. At 6 months follow-up, there was no significant difference between treatments in terms of hair reduction (P = 0·427), patient assessment of hairiness (P = 0·250) and patient satisfaction (P = 0·125). Pain scores were consistently higher for IPL [median 6, interquartile range (IQR) 4–7] than LPDL (median 3, IQR 2–5) (P < 0·001). Conclusion Hirsute women with normal or medically normalized testosterone levels responded equally well to IPL and LPDL treatments of facial hairiness, but the efficacy declined over 6 months.
Regular review: Reducing heterosexual transmission of HIV in poor countries
Authors: P. R Lamptey
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has devastated many countries, reversing national development, widening the gap between rich and poor people, and pushing already stigmatised groups closer to the margins of society.1 It has killed millions of people, decimated families and communities, and adversely affected the lives of hundreds of millions. AIDS stands to kill more than half the young adults in the most severely affected countries.1

By the end of 2001 an estimated 65 million people worldwide had been infected with HIV—25 million had died and 40 million were living with HIV or AIDS, most of whom have no access to the lifesaving drugs available in industrialised countries.1 Countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South and South East Asia are the worst affected (fig 1).



Fig 1. 
Global distribution of adults and children living with HIV or AIDS at end of 2001



The pandemic continues its relentless spread—about 14 000 people are infected each day. This article describes the impact on health and the economic and social impact of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in poor countries, discusses the many factors that promote the heterosexual transmission of HIV, highlights successes around the world in preventing infection, and outlines some of the challenges for the future.

#### Summary points

Almost all (95%) of new infections of HIV are in the world's poor countries

Without access to antiretroviral drugs, most of the 40 million people currently living with HIV will die

Heterosexual transmission is responsible for most HIV infections in poor countries

Programmes to change behaviour and promote condoms and treatment of sexually transmitted infections are effective in preventing the spread of HIV

Large scale prevention efforts have been successful in only a few countries, mainly because of inadequate resources and lack of international commitment

Antiretroviral drugs reduce viral load in blood and consequently in genital fluids and …
Magnetism on the Brain
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Talabostat augments IL-1β and IL-1α production from peripheral blood monocytes isolated from healthy donors.
Authors: Leonid L. Reznikov, Barry Jones, Nazneen Aziz, Charles A. Dinarello
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

A8   Talabostat (L-valine-L-boroproline), an orally active, potent inhibitor of dipeptidyl peptidases, is in clinical trials for treating non-small lung cancer, metastatic melanoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia and pancreatic cancer. In a mouse model of melanoma using the B16-FO line, the anti-tumor effect of Talabostat is diminished in mice deficient for the type I IL-1 receptor. One mechanism for IL-1-dependent anti-tumor activity of Talabostat is to increase infiltrating inflammatory cells into the tumor. This mechanism also includes increased activity of immunological competent cells and the induction of anti-tumor immunity. In the present study, we hypothesized that macrophages and other IL-1-producing cells in the tumor are partially activated due to hypoxic changes or necrotic tissues. Furthermore, Talabostat would then augment the production and release of IL-1β and IL-1β would increase local IL-1α production. Local IL-1α production would also be primarily membrane IL-1α, which in animal studies induces anti-tumor immunity. In order to mimic the partially activated macrophage in the tumor, we used peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy human subjects and stimulated these cells with very low concentrations of endotoxin (0.1 ng/mL) and measured the release of IL-1β from the culture and the content of cell-associated IL-1α. Using clinically relevant concentrations of Talabostat (1 M;M;) and 0.1 ng/mL of endotoxin, we observed a three-fold increase in IL-1β release, and a two-fold increase in IL-1α. A similar augmentation of IL-1β was observed when peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy donors were stimulated with the Toll-like receptor agonist peptidoglycan isolated from Staphylococcus epidermidis. TNFα production by LPS at 0.1 ng/mL was inhibited by 1 M;M Talabostat (85% reduction). In some donors, we observed that Talabostat (1 M;M;) increased IL-1β production directly (without the presence of endotoxin) and attribute those who respond to Talabostat alone to have pre-activated monocytes.
Abstract B42: Adaptive drug resistance is associated with phenotypic reprogramming and hypersensitivity to HDAC inhibitors
Authors: Betty k. Samulitis, Erika Pond, Kelvin Pond, Anne E. Cress, Robert T. Dorr, Terry H. Landowski
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the United States. One of the major reasons for the poor prognosis of pancreatic cancer is its high resistance to gemcitabine and other currently available chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we have developed gemcitabine-resistant cell lines to investigate the mechanisms by which adaptive resistance occurs during pancreatic tumor progression. Gemcitabine-resistant (GR) cell lines were established from the MiaPaCa2 cell line. Increasing drug selection pressure resulted in the establishment of populations that proliferate in the continuous presence of 300 nm (GR300), 800 nM (GR800), or 2µM (GR2000) gemcitabine. Using a SCID mouse xenograft mouse model, we demonstrate that the gemcitabine resistant phenotype is maintained in vivo. Growth inhibition profiles demonstrate cross resistance to Ara-c (cytarabine), and 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2CDA/cladribine), but no resistance to DNA damaging agents or microtubule inhibitors. Most strikingly, the gemcitabine resistant subclones demonstrated a dose dependent hypersensitivity to the Class I histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA/Vorinostat) (IC50: MP 1.6uM; GR300 1.0uM; GR800 0.2uM; GR2000 0.08uM). This collateral hypersensitivity extended to additional Class I HDAC inhibitors including MS-275 (Entinostat) and Trichostatin A, but not to the Class IIa selective agent MC1568. There was no significant difference in basal levels of histone acetylation, but the gemcitabine resistant clones demonstrated a greater increase in histone acetylation in response to HDAC treatment. Cell morphology of the gemcitabine resistant cells demonstrate an EMT-like phenotype, however evaluation of classic EMT markersidentified no significant changes in expression compared to the parental cell line. Invasive potential was measured using matrigel invasion assays, and found to be increased in a dose dependent manner. These data demonstrate that selection for drug resistance co-selects for an invasive phenotype with EMT-like characteristics. In addition, the resistance phenotype that emerges under drug pressure is associated with a phenotypic reprogramming that can be exploited to devise new therapeutic options for patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Citation Format: Betty k. Samulitis, Erika Pond, Kelvin Pond, Anne E. Cress, Robert T. Dorr, Terry H. Landowski. Adaptive drug resistance is associated with phenotypic reprogramming and hypersensitivity to HDAC inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr B42.
Industrial Fatigue and Efficiency.
Authors: Horace Middleton Vernon
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Handbuch der experimentellen Therapie, Serum- und Chemotherapie: Ein Handbuch für die ärztliche Praxis und Klinik.
Authors: A. Wolff-Eisner, H. Aron
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue
Evidence-Based Medicine on Trial
Authors: Richard A Hogan
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12885: Efficacy of Bag-valve-mask Ventilation for Ventricular Fibrillation Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Yoshio Tahara, Kazuo Kimura, Naohiro Yonemoto, Hiroshi Nonogi, Takeshi Kimura, Ken Nagao
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: If bag-mask ventilation is adequate, an advanced airway is not urgently required. Although rescuers may defer insertion of an advanced airway until the patient fails to respond to initi...
Abstract 86: Heterozygous expression of an oncogenic Pik3ca mutation during murine development results in fatal embryonic and extra-embryonic defects
Authors: Lauren M. Hare, Quenten Schwarz, Rajendra Gurung, Karen G. Montgomery, Christina Mitchell, Wayne A. Phillips
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The PI3K/Akt signalling pathway regulates many important cellular functions including proliferation, migration, survival and angiogenesis. The PIK3CA gene, encoding the p110α catalytic subunit of the PI3K enzyme, is somatically mutated in a range of human cancers and overgrowth syndromes. We have previously described a novel mouse model with a Cre-recombinase (Cre)-mediated knock-in of the common cancer-associated Pik3ca(H1047R) mutation that can be targeted to selected tissues using various Cre-expressing mouse strains. As the mutation is knocked in to the endogenous gene, the mutant protein is expressed at normal physiological levels. We have used the Cre-deleter mouse to induce expression of the Pik3ca(H1047R) mutation ubiquitously from the 2-cell stage of development. This results in embryonic lethality by E10.5 with embryos at E9.5 demonstrating stunted growth, failed ‘turning’ and abnormal cardiovascular development in both the embryo proper and extraembryonic yolk sac. These tissues also showed increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family proteins. We then selectively targeted the mutation to the endothelial cells of the developing embryo using the Tie2-Cre mouse strain. No Tie2-Cre:Pik3ca(H1047R) mutant embryos survived to E11.5 and at E10.5, while successfully turned, embryos were severely underdeveloped and no longer viable. At E9.5, vascular remodelling was disorganised and truncated in the embryo proper and yolk sacs. Development of the heart was also affected with clear disruption to anterior cardinal vein and dorsal aorta development. Our results demonstrate the importance of PI3K/Akt signalling in embryonic development and cardiovascular formation in the mouse. The observed cell autonomous role in vessel development was further confirmed upon targeted expression to endothelial cells while the increased expression of various VEGF family proteins suggests probable crosstalk between the PI3K/Akt and VEGF signalling pathways during cardiovascular development. The lethality associated with expression of Pik3ca(H1047R) mutation during development likely explains the lack of inherited germline PIK3CA mutations in humans. Citation Format: Lauren M. Hare, Quenten Schwarz, Rajendra Gurung, Karen G. Montgomery, Christina Mitchell, Wayne A. Phillips. Heterozygous expression of an oncogenic Pik3ca mutation during murine development results in fatal embryonic and extra-embryonic defects. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 86. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-86