tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anticancer Activity of the Antibiotic Clioquinol
Authors: Wei-Qun Ding, Bolin Liu, Joshua L. Vaught, Hanako Yamauchi, Stuart E. Lind
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Clioquinol, a metal chelator, has been used for many years as an antimicrobial agent and more recently as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Because it binds copper and zinc, metals essential for the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), a potential target for anticancer drug development, we investigated its effects on human cancer cells. Treatment with clioquinol reduced the viability of eight different human cancer cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values in the low micromolar range. Biochemical analysis revealed that clioquinol induced cancer cell death through apoptotic pathways that require caspase activity. Although clioquinol induced modest inhibition of SOD1 activity in treated cells, comparable inhibition by a known SOD1 inhibitor, diethyldithiocarbamate, did not result in cytotoxicity. The addition of copper, iron, or zinc did not rescue cells from cliquinol-induced cytotoxicity but enhanced its killing, arguing against metal chelation as its major mechanism of action. To test if clioquinol might act as an ionophore, a fluorescent probe was used to monitor intracellular zinc concentrations. The addition of clioquinol resulted in elevated levels of intracellular zinc, indicating that clioquinol acts as a zinc ionophore. In an in vivo xenografts mouse model, clioquinol inhibited tumor growth of xenografts over a 6-week period, without inducing visible toxicity. Our results show that clioquinol has anticancer effects both in vitro and in vivo. Transition metal ionophores may be a subclass of metal chelators with anticancer activity deserving of further development.
969. Transcription Controlled Gene Therapy Against Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Shoshana Greenberger, Aviv Shaish, Eyal Breitbart, Israel Hodish, Livnat Bangio, Niva Yaakov, Iris Goldberg, Iris Barshack, David Wallach, Tanya Goncharov, Dror Harats
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)
A memorable patient: The one neither of us saw
Authors: A. Seymour
Journal: BMJ (1999)

It was a long time ago. In those days I was a surgical registrar—I retired three ago—and our colleagues in the laboratory were called laboratory technicians. I had been nine years in Africa, come home and done the fellowship, and was mother of the mess.

On a Friday morning I was working on the ward when I was called by one of the technicians. “First of all, would you tell the housemen that there is a slide absolutely packed with malarial parasites of Plasmodium falciparum if …
Educating patients about malignant melanoma: computer-assisted learning in a pigmented lesion clinic
Authors: E. Sefton, C. Glazebrook, P. Garrud, I. Zaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

This prospective controlled study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptability of a computer program (CAL) designed to educate patients about skin protection including signs of melanoma. Two hundred and twenty‐seven patients were recruited either from the Pigmented Lesion Clinic (PLC) or the Orthopaedic Fracture Clinic (OFC). A baseline measure of anxiety was obtained and subjects were allocated to either non‐interactive, interactive or control conditions. Measures of anxiety and knowledge about malignant melanoma and skin protection were obtained prior to discharge from the clinic and knowledge was assessed again at 1‐week follow‐up. Results indicate that, although anxiety in the PLC subjects decreased significantly more than in the OFC patients, there was no significant effect of intervention. There was a significant effect of intervention on knowledge (F = 81·06, d.f. 2,218, P < 0·0001) with participants having better knowledge on leaving the clinic in the interactive CAL condition than in both the Non‐interactive condition and control. Non‐interactive CAL was associated with higher knowledge than control. Knowledge gains were maintained at 1‐week follow‐up.
Ideological Anachronism Involving Needle and Syringe Exchange Programs
Authors: Josiah D. Rich, Eli Y. Adashi
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Plasma Anandamide Concentration and Pregnancy Outcome in Women With Threatened Miscarriage
Authors: Osama M H Habayeb, Anthony H Taylor, Mark Finney, Mark D Evans, Justin C Konje
Journal: JAMA (2008)

We do not recommend routine pretransplantation chemotherapy for patients who have received treatment in the past.Our recommendation to treat patients with impending immunosuppression (from human immunodeficiency virus infection, induction for organ transplant, or other etiologies) who have not previously received antitrypanosomal therapy should be interpreted in the context of our overall BII recommendation for T cruzi-infected adults up to age 50 years without advanced heart disease.The major objective of etiologic treatment in this setting is to prevent development or progression of cardiomyopathy.Our intention in explicitly listing anticipated immunosuppressionasapatientcategoryfortreatmentwastolendadditional weight to the recommendation since we assume that antitrypanosomal therapy would be better tolerated, and theoretically more effective, before immunosuppression develops or is induced.Althoughdataarelackingonthispoint,asecondarytheoretical benefit is a possible reduction in the risk of reactivation.Advanced renal, hepatic, or cardiac dysfunction would certainly complicate therapy and constitutes a contraindication.We agree with Altclas et al that posttransplantation monitoring is indicated whether or not a course of antitrypanosomal treatment was completed prior to transplant.As stated in the Clinical Review, we recommend that treatment decisions be individualized for all adult patients with Chagas disease, balancing the potential benefit vs the risk of drug toxicity.
Normal Triglyceride Levels and Coronary Artery Disease Events: The Baltimore Coronary Observational Long-Term Study
Authors: Michael Miller, Alexander Seidler, Azita Moalemi, Thomas A Pearson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)

Objectives. This study sought to evaluate long-term predictors of coronary events in men and women with arteriographically defined coronary artery disease (CAD). Background. There is conflicting evidence of the role of triglycerides (TGs) as a prognosticator of CAD, and no studies have examined the long-term outcome of "normal" levels in predicting new coronary events. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study that evaluated 740 consecutive patients presenting for diagnostic coronary arteriography between 1977 and 1978. Beginning in 1988, patients with arteriographic CAD (n = 350) were recontacted and asked to complete detailed medical questionnaires. Case and control patients were stratified by development of new coronary events, including death from ischemic heart disease, nonfatal myocardial infarction and revascularization. Results. There were 199 events during the 18-year follow-up period. The mean high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower (35 vs. 39 mg/dl; p = 0.002) and TGs higher (160 vs. 137 mg/dl; p = 0.03) in case patients than in control patients; After adjusting for age, gender and beta-adrenergic blocking agent use, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed the following independent predictors of CAD events: diabetes mellitus (relative risk [RR] 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4% to 3.1%), HDL-C <35 mg/dl (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1% to 2.0%) and TGs >100 mg/dl (RR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1% to 2.1%). A Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significantly reduced survival from CAD events in patients with baseline TG levels ≥100 mg/dl compared with TG levels <100 mg/dl (p = 0.008). Conclusions. TG levels previously considered "normal" are predictive of new CAD events. The cutpoints established by the National Cholesterol Education Program for elevated TGs (>200 mg/dl) may need to be refined.
The mammary gland iodide transporter is expressed during lactation and in breast cancer
Authors: Uygar H. Tazebay, Irene L. Wapnir, Orlie Levy, Orsolya Dohan, Lionel S. Zuckier, Qing Hua Zhao, Hou Fu Deng, Peter S. Amenta, Susan Fineberg, Richard G. Pestell, Nancy Carrasco
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
Recognition of need in health care consultations: a qualitative study of people with psoriasis
Authors: P.A. Nelson, C.A. Chew-Graham, C.E.M. Griffiths, L. Cordingley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Background Psoriasis is a life‐long inflammatory condition that can impact on quality of life, psychological and social functioning. Previous literature suggests patient dissatisfaction with psoriasis management; however, little is known about people's specific experiences of health care consultations. Objectives The study aimed to explore in depth the perspectives of people living with psoriasis including coping responses, self‐care strategies and how consultations with health care professionals in both primary and secondary care are experienced. Methods Qualitative semistructured interviews were carried out with a diverse sample of 29 people with psoriasis generated purposively and recruited from community sources in North West England. Interviews were coded using Framework Analysis to produce a thematic framework incorporating key emerging issues and concepts. Results Participants experienced psoriasis as a complex condition involving physical, psychological and social challenges, as well as issues of control, but perceived that these were largely unacknowledged by practitioners in health care consultations. Practitioners were perceived as lacking knowledge and expertise in the management of psoriasis, lacking empathy with the effects of psoriasis and failing to manage it as a long‐term condition. This perceived lack of support resulted in some participants withdrawing from conventional health service providers and seeking alternative sources of help. Conclusions Psoriasis needs to be recognized and managed as a complex long‐term condition with emotional and social needs that are addressed alongside appropriate diagnosis and regular reviews of treatments which may involve referrals to specialist care.
Transplantation of Leukemia Arising in Hybrid Mice
Authors: Arthur Kirschbaum, Leonell C. Strong
Journal: Cancer Research (1941)

It has been reported by Schweitzer and Furth (5) that leukemic cells arising in hybrid mice obtained by crossing mice of a low leukemia stock (Rf) and a high leukemia stock (Ak) could be transplanted into almost IOO per cent of mice of the high leukemia parent stock and F1 hybrids, and into a smaller per cent of other hybrid mice, but into none of the low leukemia parent stock. As far as transplantation was concerned, the leukemic cells of the hybrids behaved in a manner similar to leukemic cells arising in the high leukemia stock (5). Leukemic cells arising in hybrid mice treated with carcinogens did not behave in the above manner (2). Only , of 6 transmissible leukemias induced in hybrids resembled those arising spontane- ously. Two could be grafted on both parent stocks (high leukemia and low leukemia) and 2 could be grafted on hybrids but on neither parental stock. The authors (Furth and Barnes) attempted to explain this difference by assuming that the cells of the leukemias induced by carcinogens are mutants. Since the above findings (5) on transplantation of spontaneous leukemia arising in hybrids are at variance with the results obtained in transplantation of carcinoma of the mammary gland and normal splenic tissue (i, 7), 1 experiments similar to those of Schweitzer and Furth were carried out, using the high leukemia inbred F strain 2 (3) and the low leukemia CBA strain 3 (6) as the parent stocks. The purpose of the investigation was to determine whether leukemic cells of hybrids (Fx, F2, and both backcross gener- ations) between other high and low leukemia strains (F and CBA) are transplantable in a manner similar to that observed by Schweitzer and Furth for the Ak and Rf stocks, or whether the behavior of the leukemic cells might with our material be similar to that shown by the cells of mouse mammary cancer and normal splenic tissue.
Obstetric and Perinatal Infections.
Authors: David Charles
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

This book provides a comprehensive review of obstetric and perinatal infections. The contributors offer coverage of the latest and important treatments for group B streptococcal infections, pneumonia, mastitis, perinatal chlamydia infections, tuberculosis, AIDS, and more. Each chapter contains an historical introduction, epidemiology, etiology, differential diagnosis, complications, therapy, prevention and references.
Economics notes: Using cost effectiveness information
Authors: A. Briggs
Journal: BMJ (2000)

This is the seventh in a series of occasional notes on economics 

How should the results of economic evaluations be interpreted and used by decision makers in health care? In cost benefit analyses the decision rule is in principle straightforward: if benefits exceed costs then the programme should be implemented; if not, it should be rejected. However, the use of cost benefit analysis is limited by the need to place monetary valuations on health outcomes, and cost utility analyses are more widely used, with results presented in terms of the cost per QALY (quality adjusted life year).

Unfortunately, no clear decision rule exists for cost utility analyses. Some analysts have suggested setting a threshold value for the cost per QALY that represents the willingness of society to pay for additional QALYs. But others argue such thresholds could lead to uncontrolled expenditure growth …
Risk perception and information-seeking behaviour during the 2009/10 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic in Germany
Authors: D Walter, M M Böhmer, S Reiter, G Krause, O Wichmann
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

During the influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic in 2009/10, a total of 13 consecutive surveys were carried out of the general population in Germany to monitor knowledge, attitude and behaviour concerning the disease and vaccination against pandemic influenza in real time. In total, 13,010 persons aged 14 years or older were interviewed by computer-assisted telephone techniques between November 2009 and April 2010. During the peak of the pandemic, only 18% of participants stated that they perceived the risk of pandemic influenza as high; this proportion fell to 10% in January 2010. There was a significant difference in information-seeking behaviour among population subgroups concerning the disease and vaccine uptake. However, in all subgroups, conventional media sources such as television, radio and newspapers were more frequently used than the Internet. While the majority of participants (78%) felt sufficiently informed to make a decision for or against vaccination, overall vaccination coverage remained low. Among those who decided against vaccination, fear of adverse events and perception that the available vaccines were not sufficiently evaluated were the most frequently stated reasons. Such mistrust in the vaccines and the perceived low risk of the disease were the main barriers that contributed to the low vaccination coverage in Germany during the pandemic.
The psychoanalytic conceptualization of perinatal loss: a multidimensional model
Authors: I G Leon
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Much has been learned about perinatal loss over the past 20 years through clinical investigations and quantitative research. However, a review of studies over the past decade reveals that perinatal loss is increasingly being seen in the same way as a death of any other member of the family, rather than as a unique bereavement. A comprehensive understanding of perinatal loss anchored in a theoretical framework of pregnancy is lacking. This article offers a multidimensional model for examining this loss by applying four psychoanalytic interpretations of pregnancy. 1) From the perspective of pregnancy ushering in the new developmental phase of parenthood, perinatal loss becomes a developmental interference, disrupting a significant milestone as well as causing isolation from peers. 2) In light of the usual recapitulation of earlier conflicts during pregnancy as noted by drive theory, perinatal loss may lead to an intensification of intrapsychic conflicts. 3) Understanding pregnancy as the creation of a specific person in an object relations model highlights the importance of mourning after perinatal death, as well as the need to tend to associated unresolved grief from earlier losses. 4) Finally, a model of narcissism describes how pregnancy reorganizes self-esteem, thereby delineating the intense narcissistic injury and rage that often follow perinatal loss. These multiple frameworks help to explain the many repercussions of this loss as well as to account for individual differences. Research findings are selectively reviewed to support the validity of this model. Conversely, this model may productively guide future avenues for research.
Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Implications
Authors: Eugenia Nikolsky, Gregg W. Stone, Ajay J. Kirtane, George D. Dangas, Alexandra J. Lansky, Brent McLaurin, A. Michael Lincoff, Frederick Feit, Jeffrey W. Moses, Martin Fahy, Steven V. Manoukian, Harvey D. White, E. Magnus Ohman, Michel E. Bertrand, David A. Cox, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
The decrease of nutritional status and increasing of the risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Ekaterina Kochetova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective: study of nutritional status, assessment of body mass index (BMI) and the risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with COPD.

Materials and Methods: 120 patients COPD were observed. The investigated group was made by the men with long experience of smoking. The average age was 60.2 ± 5.9 years. Research of function of external breath was studied with multimodular installation of type «Master-Lab/Jaeger». Research of bone mineral density was studied with the method x-ray absorbtiometry with the densitometer « Lunar DPX-NT». The assessment of risk of osteoporotic fractures were calculated by means of the computer program FRAX. The body mass index (BMI) in patients was observed. The decrease of BMI <18.5 shows the deficit of the weight. Results: The average BMI in patients with COPD of 2nd stage was 28.21 ± 12.68, BMI in patients with COPD of 3rd stage was 25.18± 6.29. Among patients with COPD of 2nd stage the number of patients with the decrease of BMI was 6.97%, among patients with COPD of 3rd stage the number of patients with the decrease of BMI was 16.98%, among patients with COPD of 4th stage the number of patients with the decrease of BMI was 18.8%. The deterioration of stage of COPD was connected with a significant increase of the number of patients with the decrease of BMI (p<0.05). The correlation coefficient between BMI and risk of major osteoporotic fracture was -0.39 (p<0.05), the correlation coefficient between BMI and the risk of hip fracture was -0.59 (p<0.05).Conclusions: BMI decrease has an important role in increasing the risk of osteoporotic fractures in patients with COPD.
Abstract 14051: T wave Morphology Assessment in a Randomized Double-blind Crossover Study of Four hERG Potassium Channel Blocking Drugs
Authors: Jose Vicente, Lars Johannesen, Richard K Afoakwa, Esther Pueyo, Norman Stockbridge, Jay W Mason, David G Strauss
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Congenital long QT syndrome type 2 (abnormal hERG potassium channel) patients have flat, asymmetric and notched T waves and are at risk for torsade de pointes. Similar observations have been made with a limited number of hERG blocking drugs. However, it is not known how additional calcium and sodium channel block affect T wave morphology. Objective: To assess T wave morphology changes induced by a pure hERG blocker (dofetilide) and three drugs that also block calcium or sodium (quinidine, ranolazine and verapamil). Methods: 22 subjects received a single dose of each drug along with placebo in a double-blind 5-period crossover study. At 15 time points post-dose, plasma drug concentration and ECGs were assessed. T wave flatness, asymmetry and notching were automatically measured using QT-Guard+ (GE Healthcare). Regression models were used to assess the relationship between plasma drug concentration and T wave. Results: See Figure. Pure hERG block (dofetilide) caused concentration-dependent T w...
Airline passenger dies after being sedated by doctor
Authors: C. Kovac
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A Budapest doctor is awaiting the results of an autopsy on a Finnish man he sedated during an airline flight last month. Mika Petterson, 34, died on December 5 on a Hungarian National Air Lines (Malev) flight about an hour after Dr Tamas Major, a pulmonary specialist, injected him with 10 mg of diazepam.

After …
Women, Exercise, and Aging
Authors: M J Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal