tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High frequency of point mutations clustered within the adenosine triphosphate–binding region of BCR/ABL in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia or Ph-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia who develop imatinib (STI571) resistance
Authors: Susan Branford, Zbigniew Rudzki, Sonya Walsh, Andrew Grigg, Chris Arthur, Kerry Taylor, Richard Herrmann, Kevin P. Lynch, Timothy P. Hughes
Journal: Blood (2002)
The PCDH1 gene and asthma in early childhood
Authors: Li J. Mortensen, Eskil Kreiner-Møller, Hakon Hakonarson, Klaus Bønnelykke, Hans Bisgaard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Previous studies have suggested that variants in the protocadherin-1 (PCDH1) gene, which is important for cell-cell adhesion, are associated with asthma, bronchial, hyperresponsiveness and atopic dermatitis in school children. Our aim was to associate common variants of the PCDH1 gene with longitudinally assessed asthma phenotypes and atopic dermatitis in early childhood. We analysed eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms in PCDH1 from 411 children born to asthmatic mothers from the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood birth cohort. Asthma and atopic dermatitis were diagnosed prospectively to the age of 7 years and asthma was categorised by temporal pattern: transient early respiratory symptoms, persistent symptoms and late-onset symptoms. Bronchial responsiveness was measured at age 6 years. We used additive genetic models. Kaplan-Meier plots revealed early onset in hetero- and homozygotes for the rs10063472-T allele. Significant association was observed between the transient early phenotype and rs10063472-T (transient early versus all: OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.21-3.01, p=0.0058; transient early versus asymptomatic: OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.23-3.25, p=0.0053). No association was observed for other symptom patterns or bronchial responsiveness. Significant association was observed for atopic dermatitis and rs11167761-A (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.24-2.75, p=0.0026). Common variations in PCDH1 increase the risk of developing both transient early asthma and atopic dermatitis in early childhood.
Chronic Meningococcemia
Authors: Samuel Saslaw
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

IN recent years there has been justifiable criticism concerning the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials. In my experience it has been unusual to encounter a patient referred because of unexplained fever who has not already received one or more of these agents. Before the introduction of sulfonamides, chronic meningococcemia was not rare.1 The sensitivity of the meningococcus to many antimicrobials used either indiscriminately or with discernment has made chronic meningococcemia a rare disease at present in this country. It is the purpose of this report to describe chronic meningococcemia in a patient who had the disease for three and a half . . .
Cardiovascular Morbidity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: David Gozal, Leila Kheirandish-Gozal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Sleep-disordered breathing and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are highly prevalent disorders throughout the lifespan, which may affect up to 2-10% of the population, and have now been firmly associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular and neurobehavioral complications. Nevertheless, the overall pathophysiologic mechanisms mediating end-organ injury in OSA remain undefined, particularly due to the very frequent coexistence of other disease states, such as obesity, that clearly complicate the potential cause-effect relationships. Two major, and to some extent overlapping, mechanisms have been proposed to explain the morbid consequences of OSA, namely increased generation and propagation of reactive oxygen species and initiation and amplification of inflammatory processes. The evidence supporting the validity of these concepts as well as that detracting from such mechanisms will be critically reviewed in the context of clinical and laboratory-based approaches. In addition, some of the contradictory issues raised by such evaluation of the literature will be interpreted in the context of putative modifications of the individual responses to OSA, as determined by genetic variants among susceptibility-related genes, and also by potential environmental modulators of the phenotypic expression of any particular end-organ morbidity associated with OSA.
Socioeconomic Evaluation of a State-Funded Comprehensive Hemophilia-Care Program
Authors: Peter S. Smith, Nancy C. Keyes, Edwin N. Forman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

To assess the effectiveness, cost, and socioeconomic gains associated with a comprehensive state-funded hemophilia program, we compared data from a three-year experience with such a program in Rhode Island with those from the preceding year. Self-treatment, integration of children into school, and achieving satisfying employment of adults are the main goals of the program. During the most recent year, 77 per cent of the patients with severe hemophilia in the state received total care through the Hemophilia Center. Twenty-eight of the 43 patients now treat themselves, the annual number of hospital days per patient has decreased from 12.6 to 3.5, and the number of visits to hospital facilities has fallen from 34 to 2.4, while the yearly cost of clotting factor per patient has remained about $7,000. Altogether, this has saved more than $10,000 each year for treatment, despite the cost of rehabilitative surgery. Numbers of days lost from school and work have decreased twofold and threefold, respectively. Best of all, comprehensive care has vastly improved the quality of life for patients with hemophilia in Rhode Island.
UK helps refugee doctors to practise in NHS
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Up to 2000 doctors with refugee status in the United Kingdom will be offered appropriate training and opportunities to work for the NHS under a scheme announced by the government last week.

The initiative follows recommendations from a Department of Health Working Group on Refugee Doctors and Dentists and will apply to people who have been granted either refugee status or “exceptional leave to remain” under immigration rules.

The British Refugee Council will now set up a voluntary database of refugee doctors and dentists, including details of their individual skills and specialties, as a first step to implementing the scheme. Those on the database will be given training to ensure that they practise to the same standards as other NHS doctors, and language training …
Biliary cyst fluid from common bile duct–ligated rats stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in pulmonary artery endothelial cells: A potential role in hepatopulmonary syndrome
Authors: L Liu
Journal: Hepatology (2001)

The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) results from pulmonary microvascular dilatation in cirrhosis and is associated with increased pulmonary endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) levels. In the common bile duct ligation (CBDL) model, endothelin-1 (ET-1) released from the liver contributes to the rise in pulmonary eNOS and intrapulmonary vasodilatation. Whether substances, including ET-1, are found in the biliary tree and selectively enter the circulation after CBDL to influence the pulmonary vasculature is unknown. We assessed if control bile and fluid obtained from the obstructed biliary tree in CBDL animals contains ET-1 and alters eNOS expression and activity in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (BPAECs). Control bile and biliary cyst fluid contained concentrations of ET-1 25- to 42-fold normal plasma levels, and hepatic venous concentrations of ET-1 were selectively increased after CBDL. Biliary cyst fluid caused a dose-dependent induction of eNOS messenger RNA (mRNA) (1.9-fold control), protein (2.5-fold control), and enzyme activity (2.2-fold control) maximal at a 1:10 dilution. The increases were associated with enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production (3.1-fold control) and were inhibitable with an ETB receptor antagonist. Bile from sham and portal vein–ligated animals did not increase eNOS expression and at dilutions of 1:100 and 1:10 caused cell toxicity. These results show that bile and biliary cyst fluid contain high concentrations of ET-1 that are specifically increased in hepatic venous blood after CBDL. Biliary cyst fluid increases eNOS expression and activity in an ETB receptor–dependent manner in BPAECs. The findings suggest a novel mechanism for the susceptibility of CBDL animals to the HPS.
Consultation length: general practitioners' attitudes and practices.
Authors: A D Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A survey by postal questionnaire of 190 Nottingham general practitioners on consultation length was conducted and a response rate of 82% achieved. Reported consultation length was associated with the doctor9s gender, use of an appointment system, membership of the Royal College of General Practitioners, and the number of patients seen during an average surgery. Seventy two per cent of respondents would have liked to have offered longer consultations and most thought that longer consultations would result in a higher standard of care and a lower prescription rate.
Survival in Breast Cancer
Authors: Irving A. Knight
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  The summary of the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference on treatment of primary breast cancer (1980;244:797) requires some comment. Moxley et al in discussing the series of Samuel Hellman, MD, of 135 breast cancers treated by primary radiation lists the five-year survival rate for stage I tumors as 91%. Since only 30 patients were followed up for five years, I think that the authors should have made it clear to the profession that 91% represented an actuarial likelihood of survival and not a true five-year survival. This figure may well change when all of the 129 patients in this series are followed up for five years.
Abstract LB-409: Opposing effect of <i>CHEK2</i> mutations for lung and kidney cancer: a meta analysis
Authors: Timofeeva N. Maria, James McKay, Ghislaine Scelo, David Zaridze, Paul Brennan
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Rare variants in CHEK2, checkpoint kinase 2, cell cycle control gene have been associated with various cancer sites including breast, prostate and colon cancer. Previously, two independent studies indicated a strong protective effect of CHEK2 mutations on the risk of lung and aero-digestive cancer but not kidney cancers (Brennan et al., 2007; Cybulski et al., 2008). We have conducted an independent case-control study to replicate these observed effects. 1202 cancer free controls, 481 individuals with primary lung cancer and 252 primary kidney cancer cases, all of Russian origin, were included in the study. All individuals were genotyped for the I157T variant (rs17879961) using Taqman. We also genotyped samples from the study published by Brennan et al. (2007) for three additional rare mutations found to be present in the central and eastern European population (1100delC, IVS2+1G&amp;gt;A and the deletion of 5Kb (across exons 12 and 14)). We used logistic regression techniques to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (95%CIs), adjusted for age, gender and pack-years of tobacco smoking. We additionally performed a meta-analysis of central and eastern European studies investigating lung and kidney cancer and CHEK2 mutations. Based on new data, the I157T rare variant showed a similar trend as in previous studies (OR = 0.78, 95%CI 0.43-1.40 for lung cancer and OR= 1.30, 95%CI 0.75-2.26 for kidney cancer). The combined OR for all three studies based on a fixed effects model indicated a strong protective effect of the CHEK2 I157T rare variant on the risk of lung cancer with OR of 0.43 (95%CI 0.35-0.53). The effect was stronger for squamous cell carcinoma (OR=0.21, 95%CI 0.12-0.37) and non significant for adenocarcinoma (OR=0.90, 95%CI 0.61-1.34). Results of meta-analysis on kidney cancer confirmed the previously observed increased risk effect of the CHEK2 I157T mutation with an OR of 1.38 (95%CI 1.04-1.82). Similar effects were observed for the combination of all mutations. Furthermore, haplotype analysis indicates that each mutation is characterized by unique extended haplotype consistent with the notion of a founder effect. The present study and performed meta-analysis confirmed previous opposing results for the effects of CHEK2 mutations on the risk of lung and kidney cancer. The mechanism for these inverse effects is unknown. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-409.
Study on Effects of Life Review Activities on the Quality of Life of the Elderly: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hideaki Hanaoka, Hitoshi Okamura
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2004)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The objective of this study was to evaluate the mid-term efficacy of life review activities on the quality of life (QOL) of the elderly by conducting a randomized controlled trial, and to identify the factors that should be taken into consideration when conducting life review activities. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Written consent was obtained from 80 of the 97 eligible elderly persons. After randomly assigning them to two groups, an intervention group and a control group, group life review activities were conducted in the intervention group and discussion activities about health were conducted in the control group. In both the intervention group and the control group, life satisfaction, self-esteem, depression, and hopelessness were evaluated using self-rating scales at three points: at baseline, immediately after completion of the 8 weeks of sessions, and 3 months after completion of the intervention. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Repeated measures analysis of covariance showed significant differences between the two groups in the changes in scores for depression (p = 0.04) and hopelessness (p = 0.04). Regarding the factors that were associated with depression and hopelessness, 3 months after completion of the intervention, depression and hopelessness of a more severe nature at baseline and having greater unresolved conflicts in the past were extracted by multiple regression analysis. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The results suggested that group life review activities have a role in assisting the developmental stage of old age and supporting mental health, and have mid- to long-term effectiveness in maintaining and improving the QOL of the elderly.
Effect of vitamin A and its derivatives on collagen production and chemotactic response of fibroblasts
Authors: R. HEIN, H. MENSING, P. K. MULLER, O. BRAUN-FALCO, T. KRIEG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article Effect of vitamin A and its derivatives on collagen production and chemotactic response of fibroblasts Get access R. HEIN, R. HEIN Dermatologische Klinik der Ludwigs‐Maximilian Universität München, F.R.G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. MENSING, H. MENSING Hautklinik der Universität Hamburg‐Eppendorf, F.R.G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. K. MÜLLER, P. K. MÜLLER Max‐Planck‐Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, F.R.G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar O. BRAUN‐FALCO, O. BRAUN‐FALCO Dermatologische Klinik der Ludwigs‐Maximilian Universität München, F.R.G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. KRIEG T. KRIEG Dermatologische Klinik der Ludwigs‐Maximilian Universität München, F.R.G. Dr Thomas Krieg, Max‐Planck‐Institut für Biochemie, D‐8033 Martinsried, b. München, F.R.G. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 111, Issue 1, 1 July 1984, Pages 37–44, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04014.x Published: 01 July 1984 Article history Accepted: 02 January 1984 Published: 01 July 1984
Reviews and Notes: A Miracle and a Privilege: Recounting a Half Century of Surgical Advance
Authors: Sherwin B. Nuland
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1995Reviews and Notes: A Miracle and a Privilege: Recounting a Half Century of Surgical AdvanceSherwin B. Nuland, MDSherwin B. Nuland, MDYale University New Haven, CT 06510.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-5-199509010-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Francis D. Moore. 432 pages. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Pr; 1995. $29.95. ISBN 0-309-05188-6. Order phone 800-624-6242.In this extraordinary memoir of an extraordinary surgical life, Francis D. Moore describes himself as having been a young man of irrational ambition, unforgivable ego and insufferable determination. Some readers (but certainly not all) might consider the adjectives unduly harsh, but this is essentially the way Moore has been perceived during the past five decades by the legions of Franny-watchers who have benefited from his prodigious series of pioneering advances and marveled endlessly that one person could accomplish so much.Franny Moore—as he ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Yale University New Haven, CT 06510. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1995Volume 123, Issue 5Page: 397-397KeywordsArchivesComputed axial tomographyEmotionsOrgan transplantationSurgeryTouchVision ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The Cost of Hospitalizations for Firearm Injuries
Authors: David H. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I find the Brief Report entitled "The Cost of Hospitalization for Firearm Injuries"<sup>1</sup>to be political, pejorative, and absurd for a scientific journal. It is not a scientific article, it is a sophomoric attempt at slightly disguised propaganda attempting to influence political decisions. It certainly has no place in a reputable scientific journal. It is clearly editorializing with numbers and not worthy of publication in<i>JAMA</i>. The cost of hospitalization for firearm injuries has absolutely no philosophical relevance to the proved salutary benefits of the Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States, ie, the maintenance of each individual's freedom in the face of the state's innate attempts to limit it. Not one of the Bill of Rights has been proved to be useless; to the contrary, all are increasingly important and necessary. Surely the medical profession should be the first to realize that
INJURY REPORTING VIA SMS TEXT MESSAGING IN COMMUNITY SPORT
Authors: C Ekegren, B Gabbe, CF Finch
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background The use of text messaging or short message service (SMS) for injury reporting is a recent innovation in sport and has not yet been trialled at the community level. Considering the lack of personnel and resources in community sport, SMS may represent a viable option for ongoing injury surveillance. Objective To evaluate the feasibility of injury self-reporting via SMS in community Australian football. Design Cohort study. Setting Community Australian football clubs. Participants Of the 316 Australian football players eligible from four community clubs (male and aged 18+ years), 44% (n=139) agreed to participate. Seventeen participants were lost to follow up over the season. Main outcome measurements Consenting players received an SMS after each football round asking whether they had been injured in the preceding week. Outcome variables included the number of SMS-reported injuries, players' response rates and response time. Poisson regression was used to evaluate any change in response rate over the season and the association between response rate and the number of reported injuries. Results In the sample of 139 football players, 167 injuries were reported via SMS over the course of the season. The total response rate ranged from 90-98%. Of those participants who replied on the same day, 47% replied within five minutes. The number of reported injuries decreased as the season progressed but this was not significantly associated with a change in the response rate. Conclusions The number of injuries reported via SMS was consistent with previous studies in community Australian football. Injury reporting via SMS yielded a high response rate and fast response time and should be considered a viable injury reporting method for community sports settings.
Mortality and Prehospital Thrombolysis for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Laurie J. Morrison, P. Richard Verbeek, Andrew C. McDonald, Bruce V. Sawadsky, Deborah J. Cook
Journal: JAMA (2000)

ContextEarly administration of thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) may improve survival if safely and appropriately delivered. No systematic reviews that have comprehensively examined this topic exist in the literature.ObjectiveTo perform a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of prehospital vs in-hospital thrombolysis for AMI measuring in-hospital mortality.Data SourcesThe Cochrane search strategy was used to search MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Science Citation Index (1982-1999); Dissertation Abstracts (1987-1999); and Current Contents (1994-1999) for the terms thrombolysis, thrombolysis therapy, prehospital, and acute myocardial infarction. In addition, text and journal article bibliographies were hand searched, the National Institutes of Health Web site was reviewed, and primary authors and thrombolytic drug manufacturers were contacted for unpublished studies.Study SelectionRandomized controlled trials of prehospital vs in-hospital thrombolysis for AMI measuring all-cause hospital mortality were included. Two authors independently reviewed 175 citations by title, abstract, or complete article. After exclusion of 30 duplicate citations, 145 studies remained, of which 6 studies and 3 follow-up studies met the inclusion criteria.Data ExtractionIndependent data abstraction by 2 reviewers blinded to the journal, title, and author was confirmed by consensus. Trial quality was independently assessed by 2 other coauthors, blinded to the author, title, journal, introduction, and discussion.Data SynthesisThe results of the 6 randomized trials (n=6434) were pooled and indicated significantly decreased all-cause hospital mortality among patients treated with prehospital thrombolysis compared with in-hospital thrombolysis (odds ratio, 0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.70-0.98). Results were similar regardless of trial quality or training and experience of the provider. Estimated (SE) time to thrombolysis was 104 (7) minutes for the prehospital group and 162 (16) minutes for the in-hospital thrombolysis group (P=.007).ConclusionsOur meta-analysis suggests that prehospital thrombolysis for AMI significantly decreases the time to thrombolysis and all-cause hospital mortality.