tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP40: Global Burden of Chronic Kidney Disease in 2010: A Pooling Analysis of Population-Based Data Worldwide
Authors: Katherine T Mills, Yu Xu, Weidong Zhang, Joshua D Bundy, Chung-Shiuan Chen, Tanika N Kelly, Jing Chen, Jiang He
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for end-stage renal disease, cardiovascular disease and premature death. Accurate estimates of the prevalence and global burden of CKD are essential for assigning sufficient priority and resources to its prevention and treatment. We aimed to estimate the global prevalence and absolute burden of CKD in 2010 by pooling data from population-based studies in different world regions. Methods: We searched published literature from January 1, 1990, to June 30, 2014 using MEDLINE, supplemented by manually searching bibliographies of retrieved articles. We included studies that reported sex- and age-specific prevalence of CKD in representative population samples. CKD stages 1-5 was defined as the presence of albuminuria/proteinuria or an estimated-glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73m2. All data were extracted independently and in duplicate by at least two investigators using a standardized protocol and data-collection form. Sex- and age-speci...
Handbook of Experimental Immunology.
Authors: D. M. Weir
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

There are now many medium sized rheu- matology books, but Drs Morrow and Isenberg have written a good rheumato- logical overview.They have gone along an immunological pathway, concentrating on the autoimmune aspects of rheumatic diseases.This fills a previous void.They have a deliberately restricted view, and focus predominantly on connective tissue diseases.After setting the immunological scene and outlining immunological methods they journey through the individual diseases.They start with systemic lupus erythematosus, and then progress through rheumatoid arthritis towards the overlap syndromes and systemic vasculitis.I do not consider rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma as autoimmune diseases, and some of their opinions seem rather too immuno- logical, especially concerning the pathogenesis of connective tissue disorders.Nevertheless, this is an enjoyable and readable account of the rheumatic diseases.It is well illustrated with understandable and topical line drawings.Its tables give up to date summaries.I was also taken with the introductions to each disease showing the mile- stones in their history.
Helping People with Eating Disorders: A Clinical Guide to Assessment and Treatment
Authors: Mark Berelowitz
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Bob Palmer 

John Wiley and Sons, £17.99, pp 286

ISBN 0 471 98647 X

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Written primarily for doctors working in multidisciplinary services for eating disorders, this book's small size belies its breadth and depth. The author has managed to be concise but also comprehensive, readable and also accurate.

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The book provides a thorough …

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Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Fine-Tunes Immune Homeostasis in Atherosclerosis and Colitis through Repression of Interleukin-10 Production
Authors: Sarvenaz Metghalchi, Padmapriya Ponnuswamy, Tabassome Simon, Yacine Haddad, Ludivine Laurans, Marc Clément, Marion Dalloz, Mélissa Romain, Bruno Esposito, Vincent Koropoulis, Bruno Lamas, Jean-Louis Paul, Yves Cottin, Salma Kotti, Patrick Bruneval, Jacques Callebert, Hester den Ruijter, Jean-Marie Launay, Nicolas Danchin, Harry Sokol, Alain Tedgui, Soraya Taleb, Ziad Mallat
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
No Draft for Physicians
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16441: Stent Thrombosis and Major Bleeding With Bivalirudin versus Active Control in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sina Kianoush, Behnood Bikdeli, Mayur M Desai, John W Eikelboom
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Although bivalirudin is commonly used for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), there has been recent concern with regard to stent thrombosis and major bleeding with bivalirudin versus active control.   Hypothesis:  We assessed the hypothesis that whether there is a significant difference between bivalirudin and active control with regard to the risk of stent thrombosis and major bleeding.   Methods:  We searched PubMed, clinicaltrials.gov, and conference proceedings for randomized controlled trials of bivalirudin versus active control in patients undergoing PCI. The co-primary endpoints were definite stent thrombosis and major bleeding. We used Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effects model to report risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the pooled data. Random-effects model was used in case of heterogeneity (I2>0%).   Results:  We included 24 trials involving 39,049 patients. Use of bivalirudin compared with active control was associated with an increase in the risk of definite stent thrombosis (11 trials; 16,864 patients; RR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.31-2.48; P   Conclusions:  Compared with active control, bivalirudin is associated with increased risk of acute stent thrombosis but lower risk of major bleeding.
Abstract 17722: Does Aortic Resection without an Open Distal and Hemi-Arch Procedure Address all Regions at Risk of Progression in Bicuspid Aortopathy?
Authors: Alex J Barker, Pim van Ooij, Paul W Fedak, Robert O Bonow, S. Chris Malaisrie, Patrick M McCarthy, James Carr, Jeremy Collins, Michael Markl
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Aggressive aortic resection strategies for bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) patients with significant aortopathy are sometimes warranted. 4D flow MRI can identify regions of the aorta with elevated wall shear stress (WSS) that may be at risk of disease progression and thus should be resected during aneurysm repair. This study assesses the efficacy of standard aortic resection practices to include areas at risk as determined by preoperative imaging. Methods: 13 BAV patients (51±17 yrs) undergoing ascending aortic repair received preoperative 4D flow MRI. 10 age-matched normal subjects (50±14 yrs) with healthy tricuspid aortic valves were used to determine the range of physiologically normal WSS. Patient WSS above the healthy 95% confidence interval classified tissue at risk. The surgeon was blinded to the results and postoperative MRI identified the exact region of resection. Results: Preoperative mean aortic diameter was 4.7±0.7 cm; the age-matched control diameter was 2.9±0.5 cm (P&lt;0.001). 38% of patients had severe aortic stenosis. All patients had WSS above the physiologic norm. All 5 patients with open distal and hemi-arch repair had complete removal of “at-risk” tissue as defined by elevated WSS. In all 5 cases, resection with the clamp on would have resulted in residual at risk regions. Of the 8 patients with the occluding clamp left on: 4 had regions at risk that matched/were smaller than the resected regions (-9±6% of resection area) while 4 had remaining tissue at risk (36±22% of resection area). The average at risk region remaining was 14±28% of the resection area. Conclusions: In selected patients with BAV, aggressive resection using open distal/hemi-arch repair is necessary for complete resection of tissue at risk of disease progression. Less aggressive resections without an open distal anastomosis does not always completely remove “at risk” regions. With further validation, 4D flow MRI could be used to guide patient-specific resection strategies.
İlaçla indüklenen hipersensitivite sendromu: Kawasaki hastalığının aspirinle tedavisi ile indüklenen, eozinofili ve sistemik semptomların eşlik ettiği ilaç reaksiyonu (DRESS) sendromu
Authors: Tamihiro Kawakami, Ayumi Fujita, Sora Takeuchi, Shinji Muto, Yoshinao Soma
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2009)
Abstract 18676: Association of Myocardial T1 Relaxation Properties With Left Ventricular Diastolic Function and Hemodynamic Change in Ambulatory Stable Patients With Non-ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Naila Choudhary, Lyentte Duncanson, Rena S Toole, Eddy Barasch, Jie J Cao
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Myocardial extracellular volume expansion determined by cardiac MRI is a marker of myocardial fibrosis. In this study we sought to determine the association between T1 indices and left ventricular (LV) diastolic function evaluated by echocardiography and hemodynamic change by brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in ambulatory patients with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (CM).

Methods: All participants were recruited prospectively to undergo cardiac MRI and echocardiography. Myocardial T1 was assessed on T1 maps using shortened modified look-locker inversion recovery sequence before and 15 minutes after the administration of gadolinium contrast. T1 indices were derived from the averaged T1 value of the LV basal and mid slices and included native and post-contrast myocardial T1, partition coefficient and extracellular volume fraction (ECV). Hematocrit, BNP and NT-BNP were measured.

Results: Compared to the normal controls (N=14), native myocardial T1, partition coefficient and ECV were higher in CM patients (N=31) 1013±74 ms vs. 959±35 ms, (p=0.002), 0.47±0.06 vs 0.43±0.03 (p=0.018), and 0.24±0.03 vs. 0.28±0.04 (p=0.038), respectively while post contrast T1 was not significantly different. Using Pearson’s correlation, increased native T1, partition coefficient and ECV were significantly associated with increased E/A ratio 0.527 (p=0.001), 0.314 (p=0.066), 0.340 (p=0.042) respectively, and mitral medial E/e’ 0.497 (p=0.001), 0.295 (0.009) and 0.403 (p=0.016) respectively. The association was greater with BNP and NT pro-BNP (logarithm transformed) 0.523 (p<0.001), 0.387 (p=0.014), 0.448 (p=0.003), respectively, and 0.611 (p<0.001), 0.558 (p<0.001) and 0.642 (p<0.001), respectively. There was no significant correlation of diastolic indices or BNP with post contrast T1. Multivariate regression analyses confirmed univariate findings.

Conclusion: Of the four commonly used T1 indices, increased native T1, partition coefficient and ECV were significantly associated with altered LV diastolic function and increased BNP. Our findings demonstrate the importance of noninvasive tissue characterization by CMR in understanding abnormal LV diastolic function and subsequent hemodynamic change in patients with non-ischemic CM
THE ETIOLOGY OF ABDOMINAL PAIN IN DIABETIC ACIDOSIS
Authors: Harry Walker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Article1 March 1936THE ETIOLOGY OF ABDOMINAL PAIN IN DIABETIC ACIDOSISHARRY WALKER, M.D.HARRY WALKER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-9-1178 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe usual signs, symptoms, and laboratory findings in prediabetic coma are well known. The clinical picture of dehydration associated with malnutrition, polyuria, and odor of acetone on the breath, decreased intraocular tension, and Kussmaul breathing, when found in conjunction with sugar and acetone bodies in the urine make a clinical picture that could hardly be confused with any other condition. Other laboratory findings are a high blood sugar, a low CO2 combining power of the blood plasma, and leukocytosis. The white cell count sometimes rises above 65,0001 per cubic millimeter of blood.This picture is usually clear cut and offers...Bibliography1. ALLAN FN: Diabetic acidosis and leukocytosis, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1923, vii, 641-645. Google Scholar2. MCKITTRICK LS: Abdominal symptoms with and without abdominal lesions in diabetic acidosis, New Eng. Jr. Med., 1933, ccix, 1033-1036. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. EDSALL DL: Two cases of violent but transitory myokymia and myotonia apparently due to excessive hot weather, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., cxxvii, 1904, 1003-1011. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4 PETERSVAN SLYKE JPDD: Quantitative clinical chemistry, I, 1931, The Williams and Wilkins Co., 1054-1055. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Richmond, Virginia*Received for publication October 21, 1935.From the Department of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byJuvenile Diabetes Mellitus Associated with Acute PancreatitisThe causes and mechanisms of abdominal painDiagnosis of acute conditions within the abdomen in the presence of diabetes 1 March 1936Volume 9, Issue 9Page: 1178-1181KeywordsAcetonesBreathingComaEtiologyLeukocytosisMalnutritionResearch laboratoriesSigns and symptomsUrineWhite blood cells ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
Endobronşiyal Ultrason Rehberliğinde Hiler Lenf Bezlerinin Transbronşiyal İğne Aspirasyonunun Kanser Tanı ve Evrelemesindeki Etkinliği
Authors: Armin Ernst, Ralf Eberhardt, Mark Krasnik, Felix J. F. Herth
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2009)
Activity of [Des-Aspartyl1]-Angiotensin II and Angiotensin II in Man
Authors: Robert M. Carey, E. Darracott Vaughan, Michael J. Peach, Carlos R. Ayers
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

This study was designed to compare the effect of [des-Aspartyl(1)]-angiotensin II ([des-Asp]-A II) and angiotensin II (A II) on blood pressure and aldosterone production in man under conditions of normal and low sodium (Na) intake. Seven normal male subjects in balance on constant normal Na intake (U(Na) V 160.3+/-5.0 meq/24 h) for 5 days received A II and [des-Asp]-A II infusions on two consecutive days; 1 mo later they were restudied after 5 days of low Na intake (U(Na) V 10.5+/-1.6 meq/24 h). Each dose was infused for 30 min, sequentially. During normal Na intake, [des-Asp]-A II from 2 to 18 pmol/kg per min increased mean blood pressure from 85.2+/-3 to 95.3+/-5 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 5.2+/-1.1 to 14.3+/-1.9 ng/100 ml. During low Na intake, the same dose of [des-Asp]-A II increased mean blood pressure from 83.7+/-3 to 86.7+/-3 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 34.4+/-6.0 to 51.0+/-8.2 ng/100 ml. In contrast, A II from 2 to 6 pmol/kg per min during normal Na intake increased mean blood pressure from 83.3+/-4 to 102.3+/-4 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 7.0+/-2.2 to 26.8+/-2.0 ng/100 ml; during low Na intake, A II increased mean blood pressure from 83.0+/-3 to 96.0+/-4 mm Hg and plasma aldosterone concentration from 42.0+/-9.7 to 102.2+/-15.4 ng/100 ml. A II and [des-Asp]-A II were equally effective in suppressing renin release. Plasma cortisol and Na and K concentration did not change. The effects of two doses (2 and 6 pmol/kg per min) of each peptide on blood pressure and aldosterone production were evaluated. During normal Na intake, [des-Asp]-A II had 11-36% of the pressor activity and 15-30% of the steroidogenic activity of A II. Na deprivation attenuated the pressor response and sensitized the adrenal cortex to both peptides, but the increase in steroidogenesis was greater with [des-Asp]-A II than with A II. The dose-response curves for [des-Asp]-A II with respect to blood pressure and aldosterone production were not parallel, and although no maximum was established for A II, [des-Asp]-A II was less efficacious.In summary, (a) [des-Asp]-A II has biologic activity in man, (b) [des-Asp]-A II is less efficacious than A II in stimulating aldosterone production, (c) Na deprivation sensitizes the adrenal cortex more markedly to [des-Asp]-A II than A II, and (d) dose-response curves for the two peptides differ, suggesting the possibility that they act at different receptor sites in vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal cortex.
Abstract 13423: Pharmacologic Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome Improves Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Severe Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Injury
Authors: Carlo Marchetti, Stefano Toldo, Jeremy Chojnacki, Eleonora Mezzaroma, Salvatore Carbone, Andrea Nordio, Chiara Sonnino, Massimo Federici, Benjamin Van Tassell, Shijun Zhang, Antonio Abbate
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The formation of the NLRP3 inflammasome during injury to the heart amplifies the inflammatory response and mediates further damage. An inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome was shown to reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse. Hypothesis: We hypothesize that the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor would limit left ventricular (LV) dysfunction following severe ischemic (non-reperfused myocardial infarction [MI]) and non-ischemic (doxorubicin-induced) injury to heart. Methods: Adult male CD-1 male mice underwent permanent ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery to induce a large non-reperfused MI (ischemic model) or injection of doxorubicin 10mg/kg to induce LV systolic dysfunction (non-ischemic model). The NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor (16673-34-0, 100 mg/kg) or vehicle (N=6-8 per each group) were administered intraperitoneally daily for 7 days. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to measure LV end-diastolic diameter (EDD) and LV fractional shortening (FS). We used Masson’s Trichrome stain to measure infarct size (ischemic model) or interstitial fibrosis (non-ischemic model). Results: Permanent coronary ligation led to a large non-reperfused MI and a significant increase in LVEDD and a reduction in LVFS (ischemic model). When compared with vehicle, treatment with the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor significantly limited LV enlargement (4.53±0.14 vs vehicle 4.95±0.04mm, P=0.006) and limited systolic dysfunction after AMI (Figure). A significant increase in interstitial fibrosis and reduction in LVFS was seen after doxorubicin treatment (non-ischemic model), and treatment with the inhibitor significantly reduced interstitial fibrosis (0.73%±0.14 vs vehicle 3.35%±0.83, P=0.001) and preserved LVFS (Figure). Conclusion: Inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome using a small molecule, 16673-34-0, reduces cardiac injury and limits LV systolic dysfunction following ischemic and non-ischemic injury.
Abstract 1820: Dynamics of HER-2 loss in mammary carcinoma of human HER-2 trangenic mice
Authors: Patrizia Nanni, Arianna Palladini, Lorena Landuzzi, Massimiliano Dall'Ora, Marianna Ianzano, Valentina Grosso, Dario Ranieri, Giordano Nicoletti, Roberta Laranga, Carla D. Giovanni, Manuela Iezzi, Pier-Luigi Lollini
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Progression of HER-2+ breast cancer can result in the emergence of HER-2-negative tumor variants that activate alternative mitogenic pathways, either spontaneously or after therapy. We found that HER-2 loss occurs even in transgenic mouse models in which the oncogene is driven by viral promoters, thus mammary carcinoma of human HER-2 transgenic mice (huHER-2 mice) can be used to study not only the early phases of HER-2-driven mammary carcinogenesis, but also tumor progression beyond HER-2 addiction. Primary mammary carcinomas of huHER-2 mice express high levels of the oncogene, with a marked intratumoral heterogeneity. Cell lines grown from HER-2+ mammary carcinomas frequently undergo a progressive loss of expression. We have established a model system consisting of cell lines, clones and variants that exhibit one of three phenotypes: a) high and stable HER-2 expression in vitro and in vivo, b) high but labile HER-2 expression which is lost either during in vitro culture, after tumor growth in mice or after in vitro treatment with trastuzumab, and c) complete loss of HER-2 expression After HER-2 loss, most variants displayed a transition to an elongated, motile phenotype (epithelial to mesenchymal transition), an increased ability to generate mammospheres, a reduced expression of CD24 and an increased expression of CD44 (denoting mammary cancer stem cells). Tumorigenic and metastatic ability of HER-2-negative cells was increased in comparison to HER-2+ cells. As expected, HER-2 loss was accompanied by resistance to HER-2 targeted monoclonal antibodies and small molecule inhibitors. The study of therapeutic agents directed against downstream targets showed that HER-2-loss was accompanied by a loss of sensitvity to a Src inhibitor, whereas a PI3K inhibitor was highly effective regardless of HER-2 expression. Our results indicate that human HER-2 transgenic mice are a useful model to study the dynamics of HER-2 loss in advanced HER-2+ mammary carcinoma, and to analyze alternative therapeutic strategies. Supported by grants from the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC). Citation Format: Patrizia Nanni, Arianna Palladini, Lorena Landuzzi, Massimiliano Dall'Ora, Marianna Ianzano, Valentina Grosso, Dario Ranieri, Giordano Nicoletti, Roberta Laranga, Carla De Giovanni, Manuela Iezzi, Pier-Luigi Lollini. Dynamics of HER-2 loss in mammary carcinoma of human HER-2 trangenic mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1820. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1820
Mitochondrial Defects May Play Role in the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2004)

An estimated 47 million people in the United States have the metabolic syndrome, which is associated with the development of diabetes and heart disease. Factors characteristic of the syndrome include • Central obesity (excessive fat tissue in and around the abdomen) • Atherogenic dyslipidemia (high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol) • Raised blood pressure (130/85 mm Hg or higher) • Insulin resistance (with or without glucose intolerance) • Prothrombotic state (eg, high fibrinogen or plasminogen activator inhibitor in the blood) • Proinflammatory state Hypomagnesemia is another possible associated finding. In addition, patients with hypertension and/or hypercholesterolemia often have hypomagnesemia as well. Now, a large family study published in the October 21 online edition of Science provides clues as to why this might be. As an initial starting point, Richard Lifton, MD, PhD, of the Yale University School of Medicine, in New Haven, Conn, studied one woman with low blood magnesium levels, high
Canine Cyclic Neutropenia
Authors: Paul L. Weiden, Barbra Robinett, Theodore C. Graham, John Adamson, Rainer Storb
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Two normal collie dogs were given 1,200 R total body irradiation followed by successful marrow grafts from their grey collie littermates with cyclic hematopoiesis. During observation periods of 97 and 41 days after grafting, both previously normal recipients showed regular cyclic fluctuations of their granulocyte and reticulocyte counts similar to those observed in their donors. These findings suggest that canine cyclic neutropenia is due to a defect in the marrow stem cell.