tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Regular review: Management of genital prolapse
Authors: R. Thakar
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Prolapse (from the Latin prolapsus , a slipping forth) refers to the falling or slipping out of place of a part or viscus. Pelvic organ prolapse is descent of the pelvic organs into the vagina, often accompanied by urinary, bowel, sexual, or local pelvic symptoms. The incidence of genital prolapse is difficult to determine, as many women do not seek medical advice. It has been estimated that a half of parous women lose pelvic floor support, resulting in some degree of prolapse, and that of these women 10-20% seek medical care.1 In the United Kingdom genital prolapse accounts for 20% of women on the waiting list for major gynaecological surgery.2 The incidence of prolapse requiring surgical correction in women who have had a hysterectomy is 3.6 per 1000 person years of risk; the cumulative risk is 1% at 3 years and 5% at 17 years after a hysterectomy.3 The chance of a woman having a prolapse increases with age.4 Therefore, the incidence of prolapse will rise as life expectancy increases. This article deals with the management in primary care of women with genital prolapse and the options in secondary care. #### Summary points Doctors should consider the patient's history of rectal prolapse, bladder and bowel function, and sexual activity It is important to treat predisposing factors such as obesity, obstructive airway disease, constipation, and pelvic masses Although prolapse can occur in the anterior, middle, or posterior compartments, the pelvic floor should be considered as a single unit in the treatment of prolapse When surgery is needed, doctors should check for potential stress incontinence There is a lack of good data on the prevention and treatment of prolapse, and in particular more research is needed on the role of pelvic floor exercises and on the pros and cons of vaginal, … RETURN TO TEXT
Abstract 4559: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Versus Cardiac Catheterisation: An Analysis of Operative Outcomes in Children with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Undergoing Bidirectional Cavopulmonary Connection
Authors: Bryn Jones, Michael Ditchfield, Daniel Penny, Glenn Cahoon, Yves d'Udekem, Christian Brizard, Michael Cheung
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Horse antithymocyte globulin as salvage therapy after rabbit antithymocyte globulin for severe aplastic anemia
Authors: Phillip Scheinberg, Danielle Townsley, Bogdan Dumitriu, Priscila Scheinberg, Barbara Weinstein, Olga Rios, Colin O. Wu, Neal S. Young
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

The effectiveness of salvage therapy for aplastic anemia patients unresponsive to initial rabbit antithymocyte globulin (r-ATG) or cyclophosphamide is not known. We investigated the administration of standard horse ATG (h-ATG) plus cyclosporine (CsA) in patients who were refractory to initial r-ATG/CsA (n = 19) or cyclophosphamide/CsA (n = 6) (registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00944749). The primary endpoint was hematologic response at 3 months and was defined as no longer meeting the criteria for severe aplastic anemia. Of the 19 patients who received r-ATG as initial therapy, 4 (21%) achieved a hematologic response by 3 months, and of the 6 patients who received cyclophosphamide, only 1 (17%) responded by 6 months. Among the responders there were no cases of relapse, and in nonresponders 2 patients evolved to monosomy 7. The overall survival for the cohort at 3 years was 68% (95% CI, 50-91%). These results suggest that only a minority can be successfully salvaged after receiving as first therapy either r-ATG or cyclophosphamide. Although h-ATG may be utilized in the salvage setting, the overall response rate probably will be lower than when h-ATG is used as initial treatment.
Treatment with bovine surfactant in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in children: a randomized multicenter study
Authors: Jens Christian Möller, Thomas Schaible, Claudia Roll, Jan-Holger Schiffmann, Lutz Bindl, Lothar Schrod, Irwin Reiss, Martina Kohl, Subha Demirakca, Roland Hentschel, Thomas Paul, Anne Vierzig, Peter Groneck, Heide von Seefeld, Helmut Schumacher, Ludwig Gortner
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2003)
Research pointers: Survey of claims of no effect in abstracts of Cochrane reviews
Authors: P. Alderson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

It is never correct to claim that treatments have no effect or that there is no difference in the effects of treatments. It is impossible to prove a negative or that two treatments have the same effect. There will always be some uncertainty surrounding estimates of treatment effects, and a small difference can never be excluded.1

Claims of no effect or no difference may mean that patients continue to be denied or exposed to interventions with important effects, either beneficial or harmful. They may also suggest that further research is unnecessary, so delaying satisfactory estimates of treatment effects.

The impossibility of proving no effect or no difference should be distinguished from the concept used for equivalence trials, where bounds are set on the differences that are deemed practically important. An analysis of 45 reports of trials purporting to test equivalence …
MEDICINE IN THE EUROPEAN THEATER OF OPERATIONS
Authors: W S MIDDLETON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

Article1 February 1947MEDICINE IN THE EUROPEAN THEATER OF OPERATIONSWILLIAM S. MIDDLETON, F.A.C.P.WILLIAM S. MIDDLETON, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-26-2-191 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe Professional Services Division of the Chief Surgeon's Office in the European Theater of Operations did not spring into functional maturity upon the declaration of war by the German Reich. A comprehensive plan of consultation service had been projected in the American Expeditionary Forces in World War I. Armistice came before all of its weaknesses had been remedied. In World War II a group of distinguished specialists constituted the Army Medical Directorate Consultants' Committee to the Director General of the Royal Army Medical Corps in London, whereas two able clinicians and a pathologist acted as professional advisers to the Director... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Madison, Wisconsin*Presented at the 27th Annual Session, American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, May 13, 1946.From the Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Medical School.The figures herein quoted were graciously afforded by Col. Joseph H. McNinch, Director of the Historical Division, Surgeon General's Office. They are still tentative. Col. John E. Gordon, Chief of Preventive Medicine Division, Chief Surgeon's Office, European Theater of Operations, gave further invaluable data. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Role of Sociocultural Factors in Psychosomatic MedicineThe Concept of “Stress” in the Biological and Social SciencesAustralia and Indonesian IndependenceMedicine as a Social Instrument: Military Medicine 1 February 1947Volume 26, Issue 2Page: 191-200KeywordsPathologistsPreventive medicineSurgeons ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1947 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright, 1947, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
Subjective impairments in COPD are associated with dynamic hyperinflation during daily life activities
Authors: Anke Lahaije, Hanneke van Helvoort, Richard Dekhuijzen, Jan Vercoulen, Yvonne Heijdra
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Goal: Dynamic hyperinflation (DH) is related to exertional dyspnea in patients with COPD and might explain subjective impairments (SUBIMP) in activities of daily life (ADL). We hypothesized that SUBIMP are associated with DH during ADL.

Methods: In 30 stable COPD patients lung function, SUBIMP (Nijmegen Clinical Screening Instrument) and activity level (accelerometry) were measured. DH during ADL was analysed using a portable breath-by-breath system (Oxycon Mobile) and defined as decrease in inspiratory capacity >10%. Patients with low (score ≤11) and severe (score >11) SUBIMP were compared.

Results: Groups were similar in age, BMI, sex. Patients with severe SUBIMP had worse lung function, lower activity levels and more DH during ADL compared to patients with low SUBIMP (Table 1). Five of 15 patients with low SUBIMP showed DH during ADL, in contrast to 13 of 14 patients with severe SUBIMP (p=0.002). SUBIMP correlated with amount of DH during ADL (r=0.52, p=0.004) and physical activity level (r=-0.41, p=0.028).

View this table:

Table 1. Patient characteristics and response to ADL





Conclusion: Patients with severe SUBIMP show more DH during ADL. DH during ADL might increase breathing effort, which could play a role in the decrease in activity level observed in patients with COPD.
Rabbit Brain Concentrations of Doxorubicin During Intraarterial Infusions
Authors: Samuel J. Hassenbusch
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1991)

This study was undertaken to evaluate hydrophilic antitumor agents administered in intraarterial (IA) infusions. Brain distributions of doxorubicin (Adriamycin, ADR) after IA infusions were determined in rabbit VX-2 brain tumor model. With right carotid infusions of ADR (8 rabbits), tumor center concentrations averaged 3.3 ± 1.42 μg/g (mean ± 1 SE), concentrations at least 100 times greater than in vitro inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of ADR for human gliomas. ADR concentrations in brain-around-tumor averaged 2.43 ± 0.81 μg/g, but were only 0.104 ± 0.019 μg/g in non-tumor-bearing hemisphere. In 15 rabbits with VX-2 brain tumors, carotid artery infusions of ADR increased mean survival times by 20.9 ± 8.3%. These findings are supported by animal study using IA infusions of ADR after hyperosmotic blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and study in brain tumor patients using IA infusions of ADR. These results show that significant amounts of relatively non-lipophilic drugs, with IA infusions, can penetrate brain tumor areas but still spare normal areas from toxic drug exposure.
Abstract 10315: The Role of Perivascular Fibrosis in Non-infarcted Myocardium in Congestive Heart Failure in Rats.
Authors: Jiqiu Chen, Elie Chemaly, Lifan Liang, Thomas Larocca, Roger J Hajjar
Journal: Circulation (2010)

This study attempts to explore the role of perivascular fibrosis in remote myocardium in development of congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods: Eighty-seven Sprague Dawley male rats (200g) were us...
Stem Cells: Physical Stimuli-Induced Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Using Magnetic Nanoparticles (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 9/2015)
Authors: Boram Son, Hwan D. Kim, Minsoo Kim, Jeong Ah Kim, Jinkyu Lee, Heungsoo Shin, Nathaniel S. Hwang, Tai Hyun Park
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

On page 1339, N. S. Hwang, T. H. Park, and co-workers induce chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells by physical stimulation using magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles isolated from magnetic bacteria are introduced into the mesenchymal stem cells. Then, the magnetic particle-incorporated mesenchymal stem cells are subjected to static magnetic field and/or magnet-derived shear stress. This magnetic nanoparticle-mediated physical stimulation can be used for cartilage tissue engineering.
Interventions to Prevent Readmission for Congestive Heart Failure—Reply
Authors: Christopher O. Phillips, Scott M. Wright, David E. Kern, Haya R. Rubin, Sasha Shepperd
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Perturbations of both nonregulatory and regulatory FOXP3+ T cells in patients with malignant melanoma
Authors: H. Fujii, A. Arakawa, A. Kitoh, M. Miyara, M. Kato, S. Kore-eda, S. Sakaguchi, Y. Miyachi, M. Tanioka, M. Ono
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

'FOXP3+ regulatory T cells' (Tregs) are reported to be increased in tumour-bearing hosts including patients with melanoma, leading to tumour immune suppression. However, this idea is challenged by recent evidence that the 'FOXP3+ Treg' fraction in fact contains activated 'nonregulatory' T cells. Also, FOXP3+ T cells are reported to have functionally and kinetically distinct subsets.To investigate whether either or both of regulatory and 'nonregulatory' FOXP3+ T cells are perturbed in patients with melanoma.FOXP3+ T cells were classified into three subsets, namely CD45RO+FOXP3(low) nonregulatory T cells, CD45RO+FOXP3(high) effector Tregs, and CD45RO-FOXP3(low) naïve Tregs, according to their expression levels of FOXP3 and CD45RO. The percentage and cytokine production of these FOXP3+ T-cell subsets were assessed by flow cytometry.Both regulatory and nonregulatory T cells were increased in patients with melanoma. Moreover, we found three unexpected perturbations in FOXP3+ T-cell subsets: (i) patients with melanoma showed higher frequencies of FOXP3(low) nonregulatory T cells, which decreased and normalized after tumour removal; (ii) FOXP3(low) naïve Tregs containing higher frequencies of interferon-γ+ cells increased with tumour progression; and (iii) CD45RO+FOXP3(high) effector Tregs were pronouncedly infiltrated around tumour tissues.These findings demonstrate that patients with melanoma have distinct and differential perturbation of both regulatory and nonregulatory FOXP3+ T cells. The degree of perturbation is associated with tumour burden and progression, suggesting that the perturbation reflects fundamental pathophysiological processes in patients with melanoma. The presented analysis provides a practical approach to investigate the immunological environment of cancer patients.
Ara h 2: crystal structure and IgE binding distinguish two subpopulations of peanut allergic patients by epitope diversity
Authors: G. A. Mueller, R. A. Gosavi, A. Pomés, S. Wünschmann, A. F. Moon, R. E. London, L. C. Pedersen
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Mueller GA, Gosavi RA, Pomés A, Wünschmann S, Moon AF, London RE, Pedersen LC. Ara h 2: crystal structure and IgE binding distinguish two subpopulations of peanut allergic patients by epitope diversity. Allergy 2011; 66: 878–885. Abstract Background: Peanut allergy affects 1% of the population and causes the most fatal food-related anaphylactic reactions. The protein Ara h 2 is the most potent peanut allergen recognized by 80–90% of peanut allergic patients. Methods: The crystal structure of the major peanut allergen Ara h 2 was determined for the first time at 2.7 Å resolution using a customized maltose-binding protein (MBP)-fusion system. IgE antibody binding to the MBP fusion construct vs the natural allergen was compared by ELISA using sera from peanut allergic patients. Results: The structure of Ara h 2 is a five-helix bundle held together by four disulfide bonds and related to the prolamin protein superfamily. The fold is most similar to other amylase and trypsin inhibitors. The MBP–Ara h 2 fusion construct was positively recognized by IgE from 76% of allergic patients (25/33). Two populations of patients could be identified. Subpopulation 1 (n = 14) showed an excellent correlation of IgE antibody binding to natural vs recombinant Ara h 2. Subpopulation 2 (n = 15) showed significantly reduced IgE binding to the MBP fusion protein. Interestingly, about 20% of the IgE binding in subpopulation 2 could be recovered by increasing the distance between MBP and Ara h 2 in a second construct. Discussion: The reduced IgE binding to the MBP–Ara h 2 of subpopulation 2 indicates that the MBP molecule protects an immunodominant epitope region near the first helix of Ara h 2. Residues involved in the epitope(s) are suggested by the crystal structure. The MBP–Ara h 2 fusion constructs will be useful to further elucidate the relevance of certain epitopes to peanut allergy.
THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN PROLAPSE OF GASTRIC MUCOSA
Authors: J LICHSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1955)

Article1 January 1955THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF BENIGN PROLAPSE OF GASTRIC MUCOSAJACOB LICHSTEIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.JACOB LICHSTEIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-42-1-44 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe phenomenon of benign prolapse of gastric mucosa into the duodenum has engaged the interest of a number of clinical observers, and the bibliography on the subject has recently assumed considerable proportions. In a previous communication1we correlated the clinical, roentgenologic and gastroscopic findings in a series of 52 cases of prolapse of gastric mucosa. An attempt was made at that time to evaluate the possible associated factors in this syndrome of abnormal gastric motility, and to define its clinical status more clearly. In this study we came to realize that other lesions of the pylorus and duodenum simulated the...Bibliography1. LichsteinAsher JL (a) : Benign gastric prolapse. A clinical, roentgenologic and gastroscopic study, J. A. M. A. 151: 720-724, 1953. (b) Feldman, M., and Myers, P.: The roentgen diagnosis of prolapse of the gastric mucosa into the duodenum, Gastroenterology 20: 90-99 (Jan.) 1952. (Full bibliography on prolapse.) (c) Manning, I. H., Jr., and Gunter, J. V.: Prolapse of redundant gastric mucosa through the pyloric canal into the duodenum, Am. J. Path. 26: 57-73 (Jan.) 1950. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. LevinFelson EJB: Asymptomatic gastric mucosal prolapse, Radiology 57: 514-520 (Oct.) 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. RappaportAlperRappaport EMAEO: Failure of surgery to relieve symptoms in prolapse of the gastric mucosa through the pylorus, Ann. Int. Med. 38: 224-234 (Feb.) 1953. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Golden R: Antral gastritis and spasm, J. A. M. A. 109: 1497-1500, 1937. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. Berg HM: Antral gastritis, Radiology 59: 324-325 (Sept.) 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. YarnisMarshakFriedman HRAI: Gastric polyps, J. A. M. A. 148: 1088-1094 (Mar.) 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, California*Received for publication January 22, 1954.From the University of Southern California School of Medicine, Cedars of Lebanon Hospital and Los Angeles County Hospital, Los Angeles, California. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMiscellaneous gastric lesions 1 January 1955Volume 42, Issue 1Page: 44-58KeywordsDuodenumGastric mucosaGastroenterology and hepatologyHospital medicineLesions ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1955 PDF downloadLoading ...
Gender differences in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA and CD4 cell counts among new entrants to HIV care
Authors: C.V. Loupa, B. Rodriguez, G. McComsey, B. Gripshover, R.A. Salata, H. Valdez, M.V. Lisgaris, S.A. Fulton, M.M. Lederman
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2006)
ABSENCE OF SERUM ALBUMIN ASSOCIATED WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors: M R SHETLAR, R W PAYNE, G STIDWORTHY, D MOCK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1959)

Excerpt Albumin is the most abundant serum protein component in the normal human being. This major serum protein component is of obvious importance in providing a major portion of the osmotic pressure of serum; in addition, it performs important transport functions. Bennhold1 has described two related individuals whose sera were lacking in albumin. These patients were a woman in apparently good health except for occasional slight edema, and a brother with the same defect found during a familial study. The present report deals with studies of a patient with severe, classic rheumatoid arthritis who, in addition, exhibited a virtual analbuminemia. CASE
Abstract # 20684: Reticulon-4 Is A Potential Biomarker In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) And May Have A Critical Role In Its Pathogenesis
Authors: Gopinath Sutendra, Sebastien Bonnet, Paulette Wright, Peter Dromparis, Alois Haromy, Michael S McMurtry, William C. Sessa, Evangelos D. Michelakis
Journal: Circulation (2010)

In pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) a number of diverse etiologies (BMPR2 mutations, hypoxia, viruses) result in remarkably similar pathology. All of these are associated with variable levels ...
Summer Landscape in Deer Grove
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment or Diagnosis. A Study of Repeat Prescriptions in General Practice.
Authors: Michael Balint, John Hunt, Dick Joyce, Marshall Marinker, Jasper Woodcock
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

This book, the latest in the Mind and Medicine series of monographs, was published shortly before the death of Michael Balint, who edited and inspired the series. It grew out of the work of a Training-cum-Research Seminar of general practitioners that he led. Its messages are important for all doctors, not only for those in general practice.