tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stem Cells and Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Jennifer C. Moore, Teun P. de Boer, Marcel A. G. van der Heyden, Leon G. J. Tertoolen, Christine L. Mummery
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Chronic heart diseases such as ischemia and hypertensive heart pathologies are characterized by irreversible loss of cardiomyocytes. Although terminally differentiated cardiomyocytes have been described as showing some evidence of mitotic division in the heart (Soonpaa and Field, 1994), the generally accepted paradigm in contemporary cardiology is that adult cardiomyocytes lack the ability to regenerate the myocardium because they proliferate only up to the time of birth. The concept has been questioned recently by two reports (Beltrami et al., 2003; Urbanek et al., 2003) describing a resident stem cell population in human and rodent hearts that proliferate and, at least in the case of the rat, are multipotent and able to give rise to cardiomyocytes, vascular smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. While the robustness of these findings still requires independent verification, cell transplantation for the treatment of cardiac disease remains an attractive concept and finding the most suitable source of cells for this purpose is one of the most exciting challenges of experimental cardiology at the present time. Stem cells are a much-discussed source of cells for transplantation, derived either from adult human tissues ("adult stem cells") or from human embryos ("embryonic stem cells"). Both are considered as options deserving further research (reviewed in Passier and Mummery, 2003). However, in the light of ethical reservations about the use of human embryonic stem (ES) cells in many countries, it has been difficult in the ensuing debate to obtain a balanced viewof scientific developments. Here, we provide a brief introduction to adult and ES cells, describing the advantages and disadvantages of each with respect to transplantation, and provide the scientific background for understanding the current strategies being used to produce and identify the most suitable cells for restoring cardiac function. Understanding how cardiac cell fate is specified by extracellular cues and how the electrical phenotype of stem cellderived cardiomyocytes compares with that of the normal counterparts is essential if cell transplantation therapy is to become useful in restoring cardiac function.
Late-breaking abstract: The influence of CPAP-therapy on system inflamation activity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Aleksei Markin, Yakov Shoykhet, Irina Tseimakh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To investigate the degree of activity of systemic inflammation with patients suffering from OSA and evaluate the impact of CPAP therapy.

Materials and methods.There were examined 56 men ( aged 26-78 years, ESS = 12,0+/-5,5; BMI = 35,2 +/- 7,2 kg / m; AHI = 35,0 +/- 32,7; nocturnal SaO2 = 92,0 +/- 5.2%). PSG was conducted for all the patients. We studied the tumor-necrotizing factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin 8 (IL8), C-reactive protein (CRP), endothelin. The control group (n = 30) consisted of patients with snoring and AHI less than 5. All patients were treated CPAP during 6 weeks.

Results. There were differences in the level of plasma markers of inflammation with patients of main and control group: TNF-α 3,7+/- 0,2 vs 2,1+/- 0,1 pg / ml, P less than 0,001, IL6 and IL8 in comparison with the control group - 4,03 +/- 0,07 vs 2,2 +/- 0,17 pg / ml (P less than 0.001) and 6,9 +/- 0,3 vs 3,2 +/- 0,43 pg / ml (P less than 0.001), correspondingly. CRP levels in the main group of patients with sleep apnea was 9,4 +/- 0,3 mg / l, in the control group - 3,7 +/- 0,4 mg / l (P less than 0.001), endothelin - 1,23 +/- 0,06 fmol / ml vs 0,84 +/- 0,13 fmol / ml (P less than 0.001). As a result of the 6-week CPAP treatment course the concentration of proinflammatory mediators with regard to baseline baseline decreased : TNF-α - 26%, IL6 - by 34%, IL8 - by 38%, CRP - 25% of endothelin - 23%.

Conclusion: Patients with OSA have an increased level of inflammation in their blood plasma. It can be cause of complications in the cardiovascular system. CPAP-therapy has become an important way to prevent acute myocardial infarction, stroke and sudden death during sleep.
Transmural APD gradient synchronizes repolarization in the human left ventricular wall
Authors: Bastiaan J. Boukens, Matthew S. Sulkin, Chris R. Gloschat, Fu Siong Ng, Edward J. Vigmond, Igor R. Efimov
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

AimsThe duration and morphology of the T wave predict risk for ventricular fibrillation. A transmural gradient in action potential duration (APD) in the ventricular wall has been suggested to underlie the T wave in humans. We hypothesize that the transmural gradient in APD compensates for the normal endocardium-to-epicardium activation sequence and synchronizes repolarization in the human ventricular wall.
Physician Underestimation of the Risk of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Recurrence After Resection
Authors: Annie Guérin, Medha Sasane, Christopher Hunt Keir, Genevieve Gauthier, Alexander R. Macalalad, Eric Q. Wu, Anthony P. Conley
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

<h3>Importance</h3> Patients with resectable gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) might not receive the recommended duration of adjuvant therapy if their risk of recurrence is underestimated, which can have an impact on their recurrence-free survival (RFS). <h3>Objective</h3> To determine the extent of physician underestimation of risk of recurrence after complete primary GIST resection, the impact of underestimation on planned adjuvant treatment duration, and the association among high-risk patients of planned adjuvant treatment duration and RFS. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This was a retrospective observational medical record review reported by participating oncologists in 2013. US patients with complete primary GIST resection after 2010 were grouped as underestimated or not if their oncologists' charted risk assessments were lower than assessments based on the Revised National Institutes of Health Consensus Criteria or not. Patients were followed by general community oncologists until death or the end of follow-up. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Fisher exact tests compared planned adjuvant treatment duration between groups. Cox proportional-hazards models estimated the impact of planned adjuvant treatment duration on RFS. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 109 oncologists reported information on 506 patients with GIST after primary resection (65.8% were high-risk and 8.7% were intermediate-risk). Physicians underestimated risk for 190 patients (37.5%); 30.1% of tumors with an intermediate-level mitotic count (6-10 per 50 high-powered fields) and an intermediate tumor size (6-10 cm) were correctly recognized as high-risk, as were 7.5% of nongastric tumors with an intermediate-level mitotic count and a tumor size of 2 to 5 cm. A smaller proportion of high-risk patients in the underestimated vs not-underestimated groups had at least 3 years of planned adjuvant therapy (36.1% vs 65.9%;<i>P</i> &lt; .001). Planned adjuvant treatment of at least 3 years vs less than 3 years among high-risk patients conferred a lower hazard of recurrence and/or death (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.29;<i>P</i> &lt; .001; 95% CI, 0.14-0.59). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Overall, physicians tended to underestimate the risk of recurrence for many patients with GIST, especially for patients with tumors of intermediate size, intermediate-level mitotic count, and nongastric location, which had an impact on planned adjuvant therapy duration. Patients with at least 3 years of planned adjuvant treatment had longer RFS. Improved education on postresection risk assessment and risk reduction is needed.
Cell kinetics as a predictive factor in node-positive breast cancer treated with adjuvant hormone therapy.
Authors: R Silvestrini, M G Daidone, M Mastore, G Di Fronzo, D Coradini, P Boracchi, P Squicciarini, B Salvadori, U Veronesi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE The fraction of cells that incorporate 3H-thymidine (3H-dT labeling index [3H-dT LI]) proved to be a prognostic indicator in patients with node-negative and node-positive resectable breast cancers treated with locoregional treatment alone or with adjuvant combination chemotherapy. In this study, we assessed the prognostic role of 3H-dT LI alone and in association with other pathologic and biologic variables in a series of 249 women with node-positive breast cancers treated with adjuvant endocrine therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS All patients were postmenopausal, had resectable estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) tumors, and had received tamoxifen for at least 1 year after radical or conservative surgery plus radiotherapy. The median follow-up duration was 48 months. RESULTS The 4-year relapse-free survival (RFS) rates were significantly lower for patients with large tumors (&gt; 2 cm), with more than three positive lymph nodes, with low (&lt; 150 fmol/mg proteins) ER content, without progesterone receptors (PgRs), or with rapidly proliferating tumors. 3H-dT LI provided prognostic information independent of axillary node involvement, ER content, PgR status, and tumor size, with an estimated odds ratio (OR) higher than that of tumor size, lymph node involvement, or ER concentration. In addition, 3H-dT LI and PgR in association were able to identify patients with different risks of relapse within subsets of tumors with less or more than three positive nodes. CONCLUSION 3H-dT LI provides prognostic information complementary to PgR, tumor size, lymph node involvement, and ER content in the prediction of RFS of postmenopausal patients with node-positive, ER + resectable tumors treated with adjuvant hormone therapy.
Ethnicity and Left Ventricular Diastolic Function in Hypertension
Authors: Andrew Sharp, Robyn Tapp, Darrel P. Francis, Simon A. McG. Thom, Alun D. Hughes, Alice V. Stanton, Andrew Zambanini, Nish Chaturvedi, Sheila Byrd, Neil R. Poulter, Peter S. Sever, Jamil Mayet
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Does ANKAFERD blood stopper decrease oxidative DNA damage in rabbits with pulmonary parenchymal damaged
Authors: Bayram Metin, Esma Menevse, Abdullah Sivrikaya, Tamer Altinok, Hilal Arikoglu, Yavuz Selim Intepe
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Turkish herbal trade marked as Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS)is a topical agent, the safety and efficacy of which have been proven in dermal, external traumatic, postoperative and dental bleedings. Nowadays, there are no studies about ABS effects on oxidative DNA damage biomarker.Seen from this aspect, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of ABS, on 8-hydrox-21-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)over pleural adhesions in rabbits with pulmonary parenchymal damage. In this study, 16 New Zelland species male and female rabbits were used and were divided in two groups. In both groups, we performed wedge resections in equal size to the left lower lobes of all rabbits. No interventions were made on control group, whereas 5 puff9s (1 cc) ABS was performed to the resection area at study group. The differences between the groupswere determined according to lung tissue levels of 8-OHdG.  Results obtained of 8-OHdG levels in lung tissue were respectively 2.01±0.39, 0.38±0.12 ng/ml in control group and study group. The differences were between groups were statistically important (p
Role of Ets Proteins in Development, Differentiation, and Function of T‐Cell Subsets
Authors: Mian Liu, Weiwu Gao, Jennifer C. van Velkinburgh, Yuzhang Wu, Bing Ni, Yi Tian
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2015)

Abstract Through positive selection, double‐positive cells in the thymus differentiate into CD4 + or CD8 + T single‐positive cells that subsequently develop into different types of effective T cells, such as T‐helper and cytotoxic T lymphocyte cells, that play distinctive roles in the immune system. Development, differentiation, and function of thymocytes and CD4 + and CD8 + T cells are controlled by a multitude of secreted and intracellular factors, ranging from cytokine signaling modules to transcription factors and epigenetic modifiers. Members of the E26 transformation specific (Ets) family of transcription factors, in particular, are potent regulators of these CD4 + or CD8 + T‐cell processes. In this review, we summarize and discuss the functions and underlying mechanisms of the Ets family members that have been characterized as involved in these processes. Ongoing research of these factors is expected to identify practical applications for the Ets family members as novel therapeutic targets for inflammation‐related diseases.
Human Lymphocyte Blastogenesis Responses to Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Charles L. Wiseman, James M. Bowen, James W. Davis, Evan M. Hersh, Barry W. Brown, George R. Blumenschein
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)
Epidemiology of<i>DSM-5</i>Alcohol Use Disorder
Authors: Bridget F. Grant, Risë B. Goldstein, Tulshi D. Saha, S. Patricia Chou, Jeesun Jung, Haitao Zhang, Roger P. Pickering, W. June Ruan, Sharon M. Smith, Boji Huang, Deborah S. Hasin
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

National epidemiologic information from recently collected data on the new DSM-5 classification of alcohol use disorder (AUD) using a reliable, valid, and uniform data source is needed.To present nationally representative findings on the prevalence, correlates, psychiatric comorbidity, associated disability, and treatment of DSM-5 AUD diagnoses overall and according to severity level (mild, moderate, or severe).We conducted face-to-face interviews with a representative US noninstitutionalized civilian adult (≥18 years) sample (N = 36 309) as the 2012-2013 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III (NESARC-III). Data were collected from April 2012 through June 2013 and analyzed in October 2014.Twelve-month and lifetime prevalences of AUD.Twelve-month and lifetime prevalences of AUD were 13.9% and 29.1%, respectively. Prevalence was generally highest for men (17.6% and 36.0%, respectively), white (14.0% and 32.6%, respectively) and Native American (19.2% and 43.4%, respectively), respondents, and younger (26.7% and 37.0%, respectively) and previously married (11.4% and 27.1%, respectively) or never married (25.0% and 35.5%, respectively) adults. Prevalence of 12-month and lifetime severe AUD was greatest among respondents with the lowest income level (1.8% and 1.5%, respectively). Significant disability was associated with 12-month and lifetime AUD and increased with the severity of AUD. Only 19.8% of respondents with lifetime AUD were ever treated. Significant associations were found between 12-month and lifetime AUD and other substance use disorders, major depressive and bipolar I disorders, and antisocial and borderline personality disorders across all levels of AUD severity, with odds ratios ranging from 1.2 (95% CI, 1.08-1.36) to 6.4 (95% CI, 5.76-7.22). Associations between AUD and panic disorder, specific phobia, and generalized anxiety disorder were modest (odds ratios ranged from 1.2 (95% CI, 1.01-1.43) to 1.4 (95% CI, 1.13-1.67) across most levels of AUD severity.Alcohol use disorder defined by DSM-5 criteria is a highly prevalent, highly comorbid, disabling disorder that often goes untreated in the United States. The NESARC-III data indicate an urgent need to educate the public and policy makers about AUD and its treatment alternatives, to destigmatize the disorder, and to encourage those who cannot reduce their alcohol consumption on their own, despite substantial harm to themselves and others, to seek treatment.
Effects of Prescription Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs on Symptoms and Disease Progression Among Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis
Authors: Kate L. Lapane, Shibing Yang, Jeffrey B. Driban, Shao‐Hsien Liu, Catherine E. Dubé, Timothy E. McAlindon, Charles B. Eaton
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective The effect of short‐term and long‐term use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on structural change is equivocal. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent to which short‐ and long‐term use of prescription NSAIDs relieve symptoms and delay structural progression among patients with radiographically confirmed osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Methods We applied a new‐user design among participants with confirmed OA not reporting NSAID use at the time of enrollment in the Osteoarthritis Initiative. Participants were evaluated for changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) subscales (n = 1,846) and joint space width was measured using serial radiographs and a customized software tool (n = 1,116) over 4 years. We used marginal structural modeling to estimate the effect of NSAIDs. Results Compared to participants who never reported prescription NSAID use, those reporting use at 1 or 2 assessments had no clinically important changes, but those reporting prescription NSAID use at all 3 assessments had, on average, 0.88 point improvement over the followup period (95% confidence interval [95% CI] −0.46 to 2.22) in pain, 0.72 point improvement (95% CI −0.12 to 1.56) in stiffness, and 4.27 points improvement (95% CI −0.31 to 8.84) in function. The average change in joint space width was 0.28 mm less among those reporting NSAID use at 3 assessments relative to nonusers (95% CI −0.06 to 0.62). Recent NSAID use findings were not clinically or statistically significant. Conclusion Long‐term, but not short‐term, NSAID use was associated with an a priori–defined minimally important clinical change in stiffness, physical function, and joint space width, but not pain. While showing modest clinical importance, the estimates did not reach statistical significance.
Abstract 20980: Similar High Rates of Newly Diagnosed Abnormal Glucose Metabolism in STEMI and NSTEMI in Clinical Practice: Results of the German SWEETHEART Registry
Authors: Anselm K Gitt, Frank Towae, Claus Juenger, Uwe Zeymer, Jochen Senges, Ralf Zahn, SWEETHEART-Study-Group
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Many patients with coronary artery disease suffer from diabetes or its pre-states. Joint guidelines by the ESC and the EASD recommend testing for diabetes using OGTT in patients with es...
Predicting the Presence of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers After Biopsy
Authors: Sarah E. Sasor, Naveed N. Nosrati, Terrence Katona, William A. Wooden, Adam Cohen, Imtiaz A. Munshi, Sunil S. Tholpady
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

This study reports whether clearance of nonmelanoma skin cancer in excisional specimens can be predicted based on the appearance of a lesion after biopsy and on the demographic characteristics of the patient.
Impairments in social and adaptive functioning one month after diagnosis in children with standard risk ALL on COG AALL0331
Authors: L. C. Stork, N. Buchanan, K. Maloney, S. Tsang, J. P. Neglia, N. S. Kadan-Lottick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

10034 Background: Childhood cancer is associated with stressors that may affect social skills development and adaptive functioning (Noll et al., 1991). Past studies of social and adaptive functioning were limited by the lack of prospective data, participation bias, and small samples. Methods: Thirty eight Children’s Oncology Group (COG) institutions participated in the current study of psychosocial outcomes in patients enrolled on AALL0331 for standard risk (SR) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The child’s caregiver was asked to complete the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-II) one month after diagnosis. There were 95 participants (88% of those eligible): mean age 4.9 years, 46% female, and 58% Caucasian, 20% Hispanic, 5 % African American and 11% other. Consistent with BASC-II validation studies, subjects with T-scores over 84% of the normative population were categorized as having symptoms within the at risk/clinical range. The proportion of study patients with clinically significant scores was then compared to the expected 16% in the normative population. Results: Overall, 33% (p< 0.0001) of subjects had problems with withdrawal from social situations. Boys were more likely than girls to have impaired social skills (24% vs. 7%; p=0.02) and less functional communication (28% vs. 7%; p=0.01). Children who were younger than six years old at diagnosis had more problems with withdrawal (35%; p=0.0001) and activities of daily living (27%; p=0.03) compared to normative population. Conclusions: One month after diagnosis on this study, children with SR-ALL endorsed symptoms of social withdrawal and adaptive concerns at higher rates than the normative population. Future analyses in this cohort will examine the contribution of family functioning and individual coping strategies to patient psychopathology to both impaired and enhanced social and adaptive functioning at future timepoints after diagnosis. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
LSC 2014 abstract - Influenza-induced exacerbation in a murine chronic house dust mite (HDM) asthma model
Authors: Lara Ravanetti, Annemiek Dijkhuis, Yanaika Sabogal Pineros, Suzanne Bal, Rene Lutter
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:  Allergic asthma is a chronic inflammatory airways disease and viral airway infections can cause acute worsening of asthma symptoms (exacerbation). The mechanisms that underlie virus-induced exacerbations are being researched intensely. We aimed to develop an adequate murine model of exacerbating asthma.   Methods:  Mice were sensitized intranasally (i.n.) to HDM extract (25ug/dose) or PBS for 5 days/week for 5 weeks. On the 1st day of the 5th week the mice were infected i.n. with 20 TCID50 influenza A/X31 or PBS and sacrificed 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 15, 21 days after infection. Cellular influx was assessed in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lungs, draining lymph nodes by flow cytometry and cytokines were measured in BALF. PenH was determined as a measure of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in the same time points.   Results:  Sensitized infected mice lost more body weight (15%) and showed a significant enhanced PenH at days 4, 7, 10, 14 after infection in comparison with infected non-sensitized mice. In different time points after A/X31 infection of sensitized mice, the recruitment of eosinophils, neutrophils, B and T (CD8+) cells into both, lungs lumen and parenchyma, was boosted as compared to that in non-sensitized infected mice. Further results are pending.   Conclusions:  Influenza infection of sensitized mice aggravates allergic airway inflammation, causing a deterioration of their AHR and leading the worsening of the inflammatory response into the airways.  The study is supported byThe U-BIOPRED consortium that receives funding from the European Community and from the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations as an IMI JU funded project.