tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Photosensitizing activity of hypericin and hypericin acetate after topical application on normal mouse skin
Authors: A. Boiy, R. Roelandts, J. Van Den Oord, P.A.M. De Witte
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Background Hypericin, originating from Hypericum perforatum, is a potent photosensitizer known to induce skin phototoxicity when given systemically. Previously, we have examined the penetration and distribution of hypericin and its acetate ester in the skin of hairless mice after topical application. Objectives In this study, we assessed the time course and skin histopathology of the phototoxic response after a single topical application of hypericin and hypericin acetate, and subsequent irradiation. The amount of blood‐borne photosensitizer and the skin clearance, as well the remaining photosensitizing capacity as a function of time, were evaluated. Furthermore, elicited phototoxic responses were compared with those after application of methyl aminolaevulinic acid (Me‐ALA). Methods At different time points after topical application of hypericin (0·1–1%) and hypericin acetate (0·015–1·5%) onto mouse ears, penetration and retention of hypericin were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. After definite application times, the ears were irradiated (10 J cm−2, 20 mW cm−2). Ear thickness measurements were conducted daily, and frequently ear samples were taken for histological analysis. Results Application of hypericin on mouse ears resulted only in limited phototoxicity, probably due to confined penetration into the epidermal layers. Extended penetration achieved by administration of hypericin acetate did give rise to a more severe and prolonged response after irradiation, characterized by intense erythema and ear swelling. Skin damage induced by 0·15% hypericin acetate application completely healed in 14 days without scar formation. After a single application of hypericin acetate, the residual photosensitizing capacity was found to decline quickly and was hardly detectable after 7 days. Under the experimental conditions used, hypericin acetate induced equal or more severe phototoxic responses compared with Me‐ALA, depending on the concentration. Conclusions Our results indicate that hypericin is an effective photosensitizer not only after systemic administration, but also after topical application, especially when applied as its precursor acetate ester. Moreover, our data provide some insights on safety limits and the time course of skin phototoxicity following hypericin and hypericin acetate application. These data will aid in developing protocols for future photodynamic therapy in the dermatological clinic.
Abstract 17964: Right Ventricular Reverse Remodeling during Long-Term Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device Support in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tetsuya Saito, Koichi Toda, Shigeru Miyagawa, Teruya Nakamura, Yasushi Yoshikawa, Satsuki Fukushima, Daisuke Yoshioka, Masashi Kawamura, Akima Harada, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Although right ventricle (RV) failure as well as left ventricle (LV) failure can be of major concern in the treatment for severe heart failure, in clinical situation, only LV assist devices (LVAD) have been implanted despite the presence of RV failure. However, the circulatory and histological changes in the failed RV after long term continuous-flow (CF)-LVAD support have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we hypothesized that CF-LVAD long term support may ameliorate RV failure and have a positive impact on the distressed pathology of RV. Methods: This study included 16 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) patients who required long-term LVAD support, for 852 ± 84(129-1607) days, before heart transplantation (HTx). Echocardiograms were performed to analyze LV and RV functions. Transmural LV tissues and RV tissues sampled before LVAD implantation and after LVAD explantation were histopathologically analyzed for LV and RV remodeling. Results: Echocardiography showed significantly reduced LV end-diastolic and end-systolic dimensions during CF-LVAD support (73 ± 11 mm to 63 ± 13.6 mm, 67 ± 12 mm to 57 ± 17 mm, P&lt;0.05, respectively). Regarding RV function, right ventricular end-diastolic dimension (RVDd) tended to decrease (48 ± 11 mm to 43 ± 10 mm, P=0.10) and the trans tricuspid pressure gradient (TRPG) was significantly decreased during long-term LVAD support (31 ± 14.8 mmHg to 12 ± 3.2 mmHg, P=0.01). Histopathologically, the sizes of cardiomyocytes in both the LV and the RV were significantly decreased during CF-LVAD support (left: 33.1±5.1 μm to 29.1±4.0 μm, P=0.05, right: 25.5 ± 2.4 μm to 21.6 ± 3.2 μm, P=0.01) and interstitial fibrosis tended to decrease in the RV (29.5 ± 3.1 % to 19.7 ± 7.2 %, P=0.10) despite there being no change in the LV (24.9 ± 10.8 % to 27.1 ± 12.1 %, P=0.14). Conclusion: Long-term CF-LVAD support ameliorates RV failure, possibly by reducing afterload on the RV followed by unloading of LV pressure overload, and thereby exerts a positive impact on RV reverse remodeling.
Hypoxia inhibits nephrogenesis through paracrine Vegfa despite the ability to enhance tubulogenesis
Authors: Gunnar Schley, Holger Scholz, Andre Kraus, Thomas Hackenbeck, Bernd Klanke, Carsten Willam, Michael S. Wiesener, Eva Heinze, Nicolai Burzlaff, Kai-Uwe Eckardt, Bjoern Buchholz
Journal: Kidney International (2015)
Validating prediction models
Authors: Ewout W Steyerberg, Hester F Lingsma
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Lokker et al presented an interesting model to predict citation counts for clinical articles.1 This topic is so important that the paper will probably attract many citations. We want to clarify some of the nomenclature of validation of prediction models, to avoid confusion in future reporting.

The authors randomly divided 1274 articles into a derivation data set of 757 articles for development of a prediction model and a validation dataset for testing …
German government breaks off talks with doctors
Authors: Annette Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The German health minister, Andrea Fischer, of Germany's Green party, has had enough. Last week she declared that she will not discuss any further her proposed health reform with representatives from the Kassenarztliche Bundesvereinigung.

Members of the organisation (which represents 110 000 non-hospital doctors), who treat patients insured with Germany's various insurance companies, were once more questioning the compromise that the ministry and their organisation had reached on the drugs budget (28 August, p 536).

Under the reform, the government has …
Abstract 5323: Inhibition of NADPH Oxidase is Not Sufficient for Protection Against Age-associated Changes in Atherosclerosis, Arterial Phenotype and Cardiac Function
Authors: Aleksandr E Vendrov, Nageswara R Madamanchi, Kimberly C Molnar, Marschall S Runge
Journal: Circulation (2009)

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) increases with age. Increased inflammation and ROS levels were implicated in this process. To examine the interplay of aging, ROS and CVD, we performed vascular phenotyping of young (4 months) and aged (16 months) apoE−/− and apoE−/−/p47phox−/− mice fed a normal or Western diet. As we previously reported, young apoE−/−/p47phox−/− mice had significantly less atherosclerosis compared to apoE−/− mice. However, a significant increase in atherosclerosis was observed in aged apoE−/−/p47phox−/− compared to young apoE−/−/p47phox−/− mice, regardless of the diet. Significant decrease in aortic compliance was observed in aged apoE−/− and apoE−/−/p47phox−/− compared to the respective young mice regardless of the diet. Left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction was significantly decreased in the aged mice while LV end diastolic volume, LV mass and posterior wall thickness were significantly increased compared with young mice of the same genotype. Aortic sections from aged apoE−/− and apoE−/−/p47phox−/− mice showed increased collagen, decreased elastin content and focal calcification. Increased total and mitochondrial ROS production was also observed in aortic sections from aged apoE−/− and apoE−/−/p47phox−/− mice compared to those in young mice of the same genotype. Aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from aged wild-type and p47phox−/− mice had higher levels of total and mitochondrial ROS compared to VSMC from respective young mice. ROS levels were higher in aged p47phox−/− VSMC. Expression of Nox1 and Nox4 subunits was significantly increased in aged vs young wild-type VSMC while only a modest increase was observed in aged p47phox−/− animals as detected by RT-PCR and histochemistry. Expression of uncoupling protein 2 and PPAR γ coactivator 1 was significantly increased in aged wild-type but decreased in aged p47phox−/− VSMC compared to the respective young VSMC indicating higher mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial dysfunction in p47phox−/− cells. Together, these data suggest that suppression of NADPH oxidase activity is not sufficient for protection from age-associated changes in VSMC and cardiovasculature and from atherosclerosis in the presence of hypercholesterolemia.
E2A-PBX1 Chimeric Transcript Status at End of Consolidation Is Not Predictive of Treatment Outcome in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias With a t(1;19)(q23;p13): A Pediatric Oncology Group Study
Authors: Stephen P. Hunger, Majilinde Z. Fall, Bruce M. Camitta, Andrew J. Carroll, Michael P. Link, Stephen J. Lauer, Donald H. Mahoney, D. Jeanette Pullen, Jonathan J. Shuster, C. Philip Steuber, Michael L. Cleary
Journal: Blood (1998)
<i>Clinical Cancer Research</i>: The Next Decade
Authors: William N. Hait
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Ten years ago, Dr. John Mendelsohn and a talented editorial board set out to develop for AACR a journal that would offer a bridge between the important work being done in the laboratory and the pressing need of oncologists for up-to-the-minute information. By all measures of excellence, Clinical Cancer Research has succeeded beyond the original expectations of all involved. The journal has published many high-quality articles, and its impact factor puts it in the top tier of oncology journals. It has been my privilege to serve as Co-Deputy Editor with Dr. Waun Ki Hong.I now take on a new role for this important and prestigious journal. The thought of receiving the baton from the distinguished physician/scientists who brought the journal to this point is humbling, indeed. As the new Editor-in-Chief, I have assembled a group of notable Deputy Editors and Senior Editors and together we have defined a set of operating principles for Clinical Cancer Research:"CCR is responsible to its readers, contributors, and parent organization for the timely publication of information that will have major impact on the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.If we remain true to these principles, our journal will continuously improve and make important contributions to the eradication of cancer."At a recent editorial retreat of the Clinical Cancer Research editors, we unanimously approved two significant changes: You will also notice a change in the format of the Table of Contents. It has been redesigned to help readers quickly identify articles within their areas of interest. Major headings now include Cancer Prevention; Cancer Therapy; Imaging, Diagnosis, and Prognosis; and Human Cancer Biology. We also plan to introduce icons denoting pathways, modalities, or organ sites. We look forward to publishing your opinions expressed in Letters to the Editor or Brief Editorials on pressing topics.lThe Editors have instituted a formal nominating process for our editorial board to continuously refresh our reviewers and editorial content. We will continue to seek opportunities to publish supplements that address major topics in clinical/translational research. All supplements go through the same review process as submitted manuscripts.I thank the Publications Committee and the Board of Directors of the AACR for giving me this extraordinary opportunity. I look forward to your contributions and to hearing your opinions.
Suicide Prevention Plan Calls for Physicians' Help
Authors: B Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High-dose cytarabine and daunorubicin induction and postremission chemotherapy for the treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia in adults
Authors: GL Phillips, DE Reece, JD Shepherd, MJ Barnett, RA Brown, DA Frei-Lahr, HG Klingemann, BJ Bolwell, JJ Spinelli, RH Herzig
Journal: Blood (1991)
Involving Patients and the Public–is it Worth the Effort?
Authors: J N Blau, P L Jenkins
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

Professor Chambers says that a survey of 250 people might cost £2000. I calculate 2 second class stamps=38p, 2 envelopes 2p, survey document A4 photocopy × 2 × 5p=10p, total 50p × 250=£125. That leaves a healthy £1875 for management and overheads. In a nutshell, it indicates that though possibly worth the effort it is not worth the cost.
Abstract 20621: Ethnic Minorities and Use of Drug Eluting Stent in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in the State of Florida
Authors: Magda E Mora Garzon, Ana Palacio, Leonardo Tamariz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Studies have reported that Black and Hispanics have lower rates of cardiovascular procedures. Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) should not have health disparities. The aim of this study is to compare the use of drug eluding stents (DES) in ethnic minorities with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and non-ST- elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of all ambulatory and hospital discharge procedures between 2006 and 2009 in the State of Florida. We included all subjects using ICD-9 codes as STEMI (410.x) and NSTEMI (410.7). We classified them as Black, Hispanic and White and determine the use of DES using code 36.07. We used logistic regression to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) of DES by ethnicity adjusted for demographics, Charlson score and insurance. Results: We identified 234,470 subjects with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Twenty percent were Black or Hispanic and 75% had a...
Abstract 12435: Lack of Ca2+ Sensitization Induced by EMD 53998 in Engineered Heart Tissue Derived From Mybpc3-Knock-In and Mybpc3-Knock-Out Mice
Authors: Andrea Stohr, Alexandra Eder, June Uebeler, Arne Hansen, Sebastian Schaaf, Saskia Schlossarek, Lucie Carrier, Thomas Eschenhagen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Mutations in Mybpc3 encoding cardiac myosin-binding protein C cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), which likely involves increased Ca2+ sensitivity as a major pathomechanism. High phenotypic va...
Stroke is a chronic disease with acute events
Authors: Desmond O’Neill, Frances Horgan, Anne Hickey, Hannah McGee
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Bruins et al and the accompanying editorial on stroke care make a compelling case for reviewing conventional policy approaches to stroke, which often show a dysequilibrium towards the (very important) front end of stroke, and a relative agnosia for (equally important) aftercare.1 Although it is clearly very important that all …
Abstract P073: Insufficient and Poor Sleep are Associated with Barriers to Healthy Eating and Lower Physical Activity: Baseline Characteristics of the EMPOWER Study
Authors: Christopher E Kline, Patrick J Strollo, Eileen R Chasens, Bonny Rockette-Wagner, Andrea Kriska, Christopher C Imes, Lora E Burke
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Sleep is emerging as an important factor that impacts dietary habits, physical activity, and metabolism. However, minimal attention is typically given to sleep in traditional lifestyle interventions. The purpose of these analyses was to examine baseline associations between sleep and physical activity and perceived barriers to healthy eating, which are two common lifestyle intervention targets, in a sample of apparently healthy adults enrolled in a behavioral weight loss intervention study. Methods: 150 overweight adults (51.1±10.2 y; 91% female; 79% Caucasian) participated in a 12-month lifestyle intervention that featured adaptive ecological momentary assessment. Sleep, physical activity, barriers to healthy eating and body habitus/composition were assessed prior to the intervention. Objective sleep was estimated with 7 days of wrist-worn actigraphy (Philips Actiwatch 2); sleep onset latency (SOL; the amount of time it takes to fall asleep after going to bed), sleep efficiency (SE; the percentage of time in bed that is spent asleep), and total sleep time (TST; total time spent asleep) served as the primary actigraphic sleep variables. Subjective sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Physical activity was assessed with 7 days of waist-worn accelerometry (ActiGraph GT3x). Perceived barriers to healthy eating were assessed with the Barriers to Healthy Eating questionnaire. Body mass index (BMI) served as the measure of body habitus, and body fat was assessed with bioelectrical impedance. Results: Mean BMI and body fat for the sample were 34.0±4.6 kg/m2 and 43.7±5.5%, respectively. Mean TST was 6.6±0.8 h/night; approximately 23% of the sample averaged less than 6 hours of sleep. Mean SOL and SE for the sample were 15.3±16.2 min and 85.7±6.1%, respectively. Based on the PSQI, 52.0% of the sample had poor sleep quality. Following adjustment for age, sex, and race, longer SOL was associated with fewer steps/day (β=-.19, p=.02) and less time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA; β=-.16, p=.03), and lower SE was related to less MVPA (β=.15, p=.04). Shorter TST was associated with greater barriers to healthy eating (β=-.16, p=.05). Longer SOL was associated with higher BMI (β=.16, p=.05) and body fat % (β=.15, p=.03), and lower SE was related to higher body fat % (β=-.13, p=.06). Conclusions: Short sleep duration and sleep disturbance were highly prevalent in this sample of overweight adults. Significant associations were observed between sleep and measures of body habitus/composition and eating and physical activity habits. Efforts to improve sleep during a behavioral intervention for weight loss may reduce barriers to healthy eating and improve physical activity habits as well as weight loss outcomes.
Evidence for a prostate cancer susceptibility locus on the X chromosome.
Authors: Jianfeng Xu, Deborah Meyers, Diha Freije, Sarah Isaacs, Kathy Wiley, Deborah Nusskern, Charles Ewing, Eric Wilkens, Piroska Bujnovszky, G. Steven Bova, Patrick Walsh, William Isaacs, Johanna Schleutker, Mika Matikainen, Teuvo Tammela, Tapio Visakorpi, Olli-P. Kallioniemi, Rebecca Berry, Daniel Schaid, Amy French, Shannon McDonnell, Jennifer Schroeder, Michael Blute, Stephen Thibodeau, Henrik Grönberg, Monika Emanuelsson, Jan-Erik Damber, Anders Bergh, Björn-Anders Jonsson, Jeffrey Smith, Joan Bailey-Wilson, John Carpten, Dietrich Stephan, Elizabeth Gillanders, Isaac Amundson, Tommi Kainu, Diana Freas-Lutz, Agnes Baffoe-Bonnie, Anne Van Aucken, Raman Sood, Francis Collins, Michael Brownstein, Jeffrey Trent
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Abstract P175: Effectiveness Of A Community Screening Program For Metabolic Syndrome And Cardiovascular Risk Factor Identification In Young South Asians Adults
Authors: Megha Prasad, Elena Flowers, Ashish Mathur, Vishaal Sridhar, Cesar Molina, Mintu Turakhia
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Metabolic syndrome has been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease.We aimed to determine the effectiveness of a community-based screening program in identifying cardiovascular risk factors in a healthy young South Asian population. Methods: Between 2006 and 2011, 3,314 patients of all ages were recruited as a part of a prospective cohort study investigating cardiovascular risk in South Asians. We analyzed 1537 patients between the ages of 18 and 40. Demographic and baseline characteristics including baseline laboratory markers and blood pressures were obtained at initial visit. Results: The total cohort of 1537 patients was 66.5% male, and the mean age was 35±5 years. Among participants who denied a history of hypercholesterolemia, 62% had elevated LDL-C (&gt;100 mg/dL), and 8% had markedly elevated LDL-C (&gt;160 mg/dL). Overall, diabetes was present in 4%, hypertension was present in 12% and hyperlipidemia was present in 46%. Low HDL-C (50% of men, 52% of women) and elevated triglycerides (44% of men, 18% of women) were the most prevalent components of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was present in 14% of men and 8% of women and one-third (30%) of men and one-fifth (19%) of women had at least two component risk factors. Discussion: This is the largest study to date assessing effectiveness of a community based screening program aiming to identify cardiovascular risk in young South Asians. We note significant modifiable risk at a young age. Such community based interventions can be effective at detecting and managing risk factors early in this vulnerable population.
Treatment of Acute Cluster Headache with Sumatriptan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Attacks of cluster headache are difficult to treat. Sumatriptan, an agonist of 5-hydroxy-tryptamine1–like receptors, has proved effective in the treatment of migraine. The clinical similarities between migraine and cluster headache and positive results from an open pilot study in patients with cluster headache indicated that sumatriptan should be evaluated more rigorously in the treatment of this condition.