tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dermoscopic features of nonpigmented eccrine poromas in association with their histopathological features
Authors: A. Minagawa, H. Koga, M. Takahashi, K. Sano, R. Okuyama
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Nonpigmented eccrine poromas (EPs) occasionally mimic various skin tumours, but their dermoscopic features have not been clarified.To evaluate the dermoscopic features of nonpigmented EPs in association with their histopathological features.Retrospective analysis of the dermoscopic features of 10 histopathologically proven cases of nonpigmented EP at the Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University Hospital (Matsumoto, Japan).Specific features in vascular structures were observed in five of 10 nonpigmented EPs. Three cases showed a polymorphous vascular pattern: two cases of a combination of hairpin and dotted vessels, and one case of a combination of hairpin, dotted and linear-irregular vessels. In addition, there were two cases of monomorphous vascular pattern: one case of linear-irregular vessels, and one case of hairpin vessels. We did not observe arborizing, crown or comma vessels. Comedo-like openings, milia-like cysts, cerebriform pattern and ulceration were observed in one case each. Furthermore, nine of 10 cases showed the characteristic feature, described as well-circumscribed reddish globule/lacuna-like structures with separation of mesh bands, which were reminiscent of frog eggs aggregation. This characteristic feature on dermoscopy was explained by the histopathological features of horizontal sections at a depth of 300-400 μm from the surface. Island-shaped oedematous stroma with numerous microvessels, which were surrounded by poroid cells in mesh-like forms, were seen.Vascular structures and 'frog eggs-like appearance' are important features on dermoscopic examination of nonpigmented EP. Further studies are required to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy to differentiate nonpigmented EP from other tumours.
Bibliography of Oliver Wendell Holmes
Authors: George Burnham Ives
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

Annuals" of the years between Dr. Holmes's gradua- tion and the publication of his first volume of poems ( 1836), the compiler remembered a passage in a letter to Phineas Barnes, quoted by Mr. Morse, in his biography of Dr. Holmes: ^"By the way, if you find any floating scraps with O. W. H
Abstract 18893: Real-time B-mode Cardiac Time-harmonic Elastography for the Detection of Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Robert Hättasch, Heiko Tzschaetzsch, Fabian Knebel, Thomas Elgeti, Michael Schultz, Robert Klaua, Juergen Braun, Ingolf Sack
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Cardiac MR elastography (cMRE) has recently been shown sensitive to diastolic dysfunction. cMRE measures the periodic alteration of the myocardial shear modulus based on externally induced low-frequency acoustic vibrations produced by a loudspeaker. It was demonstrated that shear wave amplitudes are reduced in patients with pathologically increased myocardial stiffness. Purpose of this feasibility study is to adopt the principles of cMRE by fast and cost-efficient cardiac time-harmonic elastography (cTHE) guided by transthoracic echocardiography. Methods: cTHE was implemented into a commercial ultrasound B-mode scanner connected to an examination couch designed to introduce 30-Hz continuous vibrations into the patient’s chest. The alteration of shear wave amplitudes was displayed in real time after placement of the elastographic processing window of 1- 2 cm width by B-mode guidance. In a group of 9 healthy volunteers and two patients with mild and moderate diastolic dysfunction, we focused o...
Abstract P002: Long Term Exposure to Outdoor Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Health
Authors: Sarah Singh, Courtney Pilkerton, Adam Christian, Thomas K Bias, Stephanie J Frisbee
Journal: Circulation (2015)

BACKGROUND: Although the link between air pollution and cardiovascular disease has been controversial in recent decades, it remains a top global health concern. Most studies have assessed only the relationship between pollutant concentrations and morbidity or mortality in populous cities. In this study, we investigated the association of long term exposure to major air pollutants with current cardiovascular health. This outcome was a measure of health rather than disease, as measured by the Cardiovascular Health Index (CVHI) developed by the American Heart Association. METHODS: We analyzed 2011 data from 3007 counties across the US using Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Area Health Resources File. Air Quality Index (AQI) for five major pollutants from 2001-2011; Ozone, Sulfur dioxide and Carbon monoxide and Fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter of 10 and ≤2.5 μm) were obtained from the EPA Air Quality System database. Categories were based on the 11-year average pollutant AQI level and using Jenks optimization method; persistently good, variant and persistently bad. Associations between categories and the mean CVHI were evaluated using Poisson regression models adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status at the individual and population level. RESULTS: PM2.5 was most frequently measured (938 counties) and carbon monoxide least frequently (224 counties). Correlations between pollutants were moderate and significant (p&lt;0.0001), ranging from r=0.30 between CO and Oz to r=0.52 between SD and PM2.5. Four pollutants had 11-year average AQI levels significantly associated with increased mean CVHI score of individuals. Living in a county categorized as ‘persistently good’ or ‘variant’ AQI levels for ozone is significantly associated with an estimated 3% increase in CVHI (95% CI 0.1% - 5.0%) as compared to living in a county of ‘persistently bad’ AQI levels. In addition, living in a county of only ‘persistently good’ AQI levels for PM2.5 is significantly associated with an estimated 5% increase in CVHI (95% CI 3% - 9%) as compared to living in a county of ‘persistently bad’ AQI levels. Inverse relationships existed for both PM10 and carbon monoxide. CONCLUSIONS: It is difficult to tease apart the independent effects of individual air pollutants on health as humans are exposed to a mixture of gases. However we have shown that at the individual level, there is an association between long term exposure to air pollution and its effects on current cardiovascular health. Further research is needed to determine whether these effects exist at varying levels of subject characteristics.
Abstract 16148: Possible Implication of Oxidative Stress in Development of Coronary Vascular Lesions in Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Kenji Hamaoka, Tomoyo Yahata, Chinatsu Suzuki, Akiko Okamoto-Hamaoka, Ayako Yoshioka, Akihiro Nakamura, Kazuyuki Ikeda
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic pan-vasculitis prevalent in infants and consequently causes coronary arterial lesions (CALs). Furthermore, it has been reported that CALs in KD may increase the risk of early-onset and progression of arteriosclerosis. In this study, we evaluated the possible implication of oxidative stress (OS) in morbid state and developing vascular lesions by measuring the balance between oxidative stress and antioxidative activity. Methods: Nineteen patients were enrolled to evaluate the dynamics of OS in the acute phase. All patients were treated with IVIG and aspirin. Thirteen patients responded well to IVIG and six did not respond well. Reactive oxygen metabolites (ROM) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) were measured before (point A), two days (point B) and 1~2 weeks (point C) after IVIG administration, using FREE. OS balance in the chronic-phase was examined in 42 late-phase KD patients (mean age; 16.5 years-old), who included 16 patients without CAL (group D), eight with transient CAL (group E), and 18 with persistent CALs (group F). Results: In the acute phase of KD, OS was enhanced. ROMs in good response group significantly decreased between points A and B, and points B and C (p&lt; 0.05 and p&lt; 0.01, respectively). In poor response group, there was no significant difference in ROM between points A and B. BAP in good response group significantly increased between points A and C (p &lt; 0.01), but not in poor response group. BAP at point A was significantly lower in the poor response group than the good response (p &lt; 0.01). No statistically significant differences in ROM and BAP were observed in groups D ~ F, but ROM was the lowest in group F. Potential antioxidative activity (BAP/dROMs) was significantly higher in group F compared with those in groups D and E (p&lt; 0.05). In KD patients with CALs, ROM was the lowest in the combined therapy with antiplatelet medicine plus statin and/or warfarin, and AR was the highest. Conclusions: In KD, OS was significantly enhanced in acute phase, and changes in ROM and BAP are clinically useful for evaluating and predicting the effects of IVIG therapy. Furthermore, it was suggested that combined treatment of statin or warfarin may increase potential antioxidant activity.
Abstract 15791: Risk Factor Burden and Control at the Time of Admission in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction: Results From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry
Authors: Andre R Paixao, Jonathan R Enriquez, Tracy Y Wang, Shuang Li, Amit Khera, Sandeep R Das, James A de Lemos, Michael C Kontos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Understanding risk factor burden and control as well as perceived risk prior to acute MI presentation may identify gaps in current risk assessment strategies and opportunities for system-based terventions to further improve cardiovascular health. Methods: Patients presenting with acute MI in the ACTION Registry-GWTG were stratified into 5 mutually exclusive risk categories: Framingham Risk Score (FRS)  20%, diabetes without prior CVD and prior CVD. Risk factor control metrics were determined at presentation and included: LDL, non-HDL, smoking status and aspirin use for secondary prevention. Lipid goals and statin eligibility were determined based on ATPIII as well as the 2013 ACC/AHA guidelines. Results: Among 443,117 acute MI patients from Jan 2007 to Nov 2013, the mean age was 64±14 years and 34% were women. The distribution of patients across risk categories is shown in Table 1. Among participants without prior CVD or diabetes, only 14% were classified as high risk ...
Cyclophosphamide, but not melphalan or carboplatin, synergistically enhanced topotecan activity against Ewing’s family tumor cell lines in hypoxia
Authors: Rita Grigoryan, Nino Keshelava, Barry J. Maurer, Sun Bee-Chun, Susan M. Ludeman, O. Michael Colvin, C. Patrick Reynolds
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

4712 

Ewing’s family tumors (ESFT) are neuroectodermal tumors of bone and soft tissues that are often a major therapeutic challenge. ESFT therapy is heavily based upon alkylating agents. The role of hypoxia in resistance to various alkylating agents is largely unknown, especially when alkylating agents are combined with other drugs. We determined the effect of hypoxia on the cytotoxicity of cyclophosphamide (cyclo) (as 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide = 4-HC), melphalan (L-PAM) or carboplatin (CBDCA) when combined with topotecan (TPT) in 2 drug-sensitive and 4 multi-drug resistant (MDR) ESFT cell lines. Cytotoxicity was determined by DIMSCAN digital imaging fluorescence cytotoxicity assay with a 4 log dynamic range. CI (combination index) was calculated by the method of Chou. In normoxia L-PAM and CBDCA in high doses synergized TPT activity in 5 of 6 cell lines (CI 1) (see [Table][1]). These data suggest that hypoxia diminished the activity of L-PAM or CBDCA + TPT against ESFT. Combination Index for ESFT cell lines in normoxia (20%) and hypoxia (2%). At levels that may be clinically achievable with stem cell support, 4-HC synergistically (CI  4 logs of cell kill in hypoxic conditions. We determined treated/control survival ratios (T/C) and time to progression in days (TTP) for TC-71 (drug-sensitive) and CHLA-258 (post-ABMT relapse, multi-drug resistant) xenografts in athymic (nu/nu) mice treated daily x 5 with cyclo, TPT, and cyclo + TPT. At drug levels achievable in athymic mice, TPT did not show significant activity against ESFT as a single agent or combined with cyclo. For cyclo + TPT in TC-71 xenografts TTP=182 and T/C = 18, whereas for cyclo alone TTP =164 and T/C = 16. In the CHLA-258 xenografts cyclo + TPT was no more active (TTP=78, T/C =2.1) than cyclo alone (TTP = 91, T/C =2.1). Thus, unless significant dose escalation of cyclo + TPT is possible with stem cell support, this drug combination does not appear to offer an advantage over cyclo alone for ESFT.



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 [2]: pending:yes
Abstract 2287: The SIRT1 Activator Resveratrol Suppresses Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Promoting Histone H3 Lys9 Deacetylation and Tri-methylation
Authors: Atsushi Kuno, Masaya Tanno, Toshiyuku Yano, Akifumi Takada, Satoko Ishikawa, Tetsuji Miura, Yoshiyuki Horio, Kazuaki Shimamoto
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Abstract P106: Infant Sleep Problems Increase the Odds of Childhood Overweight at Grade 6: Differential Effects of Commonly Used Definitions of Sleep Problems
Authors: Arsham Alamian, Liang Wang, Melanie Pitts, Joseph Ikekwere, Amber M Hall
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Infant sleep problems have been defined using a variety of definitions. No study has assessed the association between infant sleep problems and childhood overweight or obesity using different definitions of sleep problems. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that the effect of infant sleep problems on childhood overweight or obesity would differ based on the definition of sleep problems used. Methods: In the multi-site study of Early Child Care and Youth Development of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, sleep problems were assessed using Lozoff and colleagues (night waking occurring more than 3 times per week accompanied by parental report of disturbance), Richman and colleagues (waking 5 or more nights per week for the past 3 months in addition to one of the following: co-sleeping with parents, waking 3 or more times per night, or waking event lasting at least 20 minutes), and Zuckerman and colleagues (waking 3 or more times per night, waking event lasting at least 1 hour, or parental report of severe disturbance) definitions. Infants (&lt;24 months of age) with sleep problems (ever versus never) were included in this analysis. Childhood weight status (normal: BMI 5th-&lt; 85th percentile; being overweight: BMI 85th-&lt;95th percentile; or being obese: BMI ≥95th percentile) was defined according to 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cut-offs (N=895). Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between sleep problems during infancy and the odds of childhood overweight or obesity at grade 6 after adjusting for birth weight, race, sex, breastfeeding, maternal poverty, family structure, and maternal education. Results: The prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity at grade 6 was 15.6% and 19.0%, respectively. The prevalence of having sleep problems during infancy was 24.9% (Zuckerman definition), 12.6% (Richman definition), and 20.6% (Lozoff definition), per different definitions used. Infants with history of having sleep problems were found more likely to be overweight at grade 6 using either Zukerman’s (Odds ratio (OR) = 1.68; 95% Confidence interval (CI) = 1.11-2.55) or Richman’s definition (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.05-2.97), but not using Lozoff’s definition of sleep problems. Conclusion: Infant sleep problems increased the odds of childhood overweight (but not obesity) at grade 6. However, the observed associations varied according to the definition of sleep problems used. More research is needed to construct a single definition of infant sleep problems in order to more accurately predict overweight or obesity later in life.
Genetic Variant Boosts Fertility
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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Comparison of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in metastatic breast cancer (MBC): AdnaTest breast cancer for detection and biological characterization
Authors: Eleni Andreopoulou, Diana Urbauer, Savitri Krishnamurthy, James Reuben, Vicente Valero, Massimo Cristofanilli, Herbert Fritsche
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

A6    Background : Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is an incurable condition treated with palliative intent. The detection of CTCs at baseline and during therapy is an independent strong prognostic marker and is predictive of treatment outcome. We compared the  CellSearch  Assay with the  AdnaTest Breast Cancer  to evaluate sensitivity in detection of CTCs in patients with MBC.   Material and Methods : This was a prospective study including 74 patients with MBC evaluated at the University of Texas, M D Anderson Cancer Center. CTCs from 7.5 mL of whole blood were isolated and enumerated using the  CellSearch  assay (Veridex, LLC, Warren, NJ), before patients started a new treatment. CTCs were considered negative (-) or positive (+) if  5 respectively. ) The  AdnaTest Breast Cancer  uses 5ml of whole blood for magnetically coupled antibodies directed to multiple cell surface antigens to capture the CTCs, followed by multiplexed RT-PCR for tumor markers (GA733.2, MUC-1 and Her-2) for CTC detection. CTC (+) was defined by the detection of one or more of the 3 markers. The chosen cut-off value for positivity was 0.15 ng/μL. The primary purpose of this study was to determine whether the  AdnaTest Breast Cancer  results (individual components or whole) correspond to  CellSearch  low or high (>= 5) CTCs.     Results : Median age at MBC diagnosis was 56 years. Hormone receptor status was positive in 69% of patients. Her-2 positive (FISH amplification) was demonstrated in 18 patients (24%). Twenty-six patients (35%) were CTCs (+) by the  CellSearch  technology, while 33 pts (44%) were CTCs (+) by the  AdnaTest Breast Cancer . The individual markers positivity was: 13% GA733.2, 35% MUC-1, 30%. Her-2 There was an overall positive agreement of 55% and a negative percent agreement of 69.5% between the 2 technologies. Neither technology was found to be related to either ER/PR or Her-2 status of primary tumor. Moreover sixteen pts with Her-2 positive CTCs had no evidence of Her-2 amplification in the primary tumor.     Conclusion : This preliminary data indicate that the  AdnaTest Breast Cancer  may represent a more sensitive technique for detection of CTCs in patients with MBC. Larger prospective confirmatory studies are planned.
Abstract B52: A novel personalized therapeutic management in multiple myeloma
Authors: Rajeev S. Krishnan, Frederick Luk, R. D. Brown, Y. L. Kwan, Mary Bebawy
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Introduction: Multiple Myeloma (MM) is an incurable hematological malignancy affecting plasma cells marked by highly heterogeneous survival rate. Relapse is a significant impediment to the successful treatment of MM clinically. One of the main causes for relapse is drug resistance to cancer chemotherapy. Currently risk stratification to MM sub -groups and categorization of complete response to therapy are assessed based on molecular, cytogenetic markers using bone marrow biopsy as available systemic markers are incompetent in this regard. We are exploring the clinical significance of our recent in vitro and in vivo findings of a novel non-genetic basis to MDR whereby tiny vesicles called microparticles (MPs) shed from cancer cell's surface transfer MDR phenotype intercellularly. MP isolated from the blood of patients who suffer from Multiple Myeloma will be phenotyped for resistance, adhesion and dissemination markers and assessed whether these characteristics are predictive of treatment outcome. Materials and Methods: We have analysed 44 de-identified Multiple Myeloma patients. The platelet free plasma was ultracentrifuged, MM- derived microparticles were identified and quantified with flow cytometry using Annexin V450, CD138 APC, P-glycoprotein -FITC in BD TruCount tubes. Also platelet derived MPs were identified and excluded using CD41a PE and compared to age-matched healthy volunteers. Western blot analysis was conducted on microparticle lysate probing for the presence of Lung-resistance related protein (LRP). Results: Plasma cell derived MPs were identified based on the CD138 expression from the peripheral blood plasma of MM patients. The number of systemic microparticles was found to be significantly higher in MM patients compared to the healthy volunteers. Also the systemic microparticles carried the drug resistance markers. Conclusions: There are elevated numbers of microparticles in MM that potentially correlate with tumour aggressiveness and they carried MDR phenotypes systemically. Phenotyping MM –derived microparticles holds the potential for a non-invasive personalised systemic biomarker to predict therapeutic response. Citation Format: Rajeev S. Krishnan, Frederick Luk, R. D. Brown, Y. L. Kwan, Mary Bebawy. A novel personalized therapeutic management in multiple myeloma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr B52.