tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Two Anti-anxiety Drugs: A Psychoneuroendocrine Study
Authors: O. O. Ogunremi, L. Adamson, V. Brezinova, W. M. Hunter, A. W. Maclean, I. Oswald, I. W. Percy-Robb
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Eight males were studied during 27 weeks, including two periods of five weeks during which they received clinical doses of sodium amylobarbitone and benzoctamine. Substitution of placebo for either drug caused raised anxiety and impairment of mental concentration. The drugs reduced restlessness during sleep and reduced paradoxical sleep. By the fifth week of sodium amylobarbitone, although sleep was still less restless in the early night it was more restless than normal in the late night. Blood samples were taken half-hourly during sleep by indwelling venous catheter. Plasma growth hormone concentration was little affected during drug administration but rose temporarily after withdrawal. There was a reduction of plasma corticosteroid concentration during sleep throughout administration of the drugs and a rebound above normal during the first withdrawal week.
The relevance of sex differences in risk-taking to the military and the workplace
Authors: Kingsley R. Browne
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Sex differences in willingness to take physical risks and in concern for peer esteem may be relevant to whether women should serve in combat, since two major fears soldiers experience are of being injured and of not measuring up as warriors. Women's relative aversion to nonphysical risk may have workplace implications, since risk taking is an attribute of most successful executives.
Can overweight/obesity and smoking have combined effects on bronchial hyperresponsiveness?
Authors: M. Juusela, P. Pallasaho, E. Ronmark, S. Sarna, A. Sovijarvi, B. Lundback
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

From the authors: 

We thank B. Sposato and M. Scalese for their comments on our paper on smoking and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) [1], and we appreciate their interest for discussing the important, and complex, topic about determinants of BHR. Our paper was focused on the effects of smoking on BHR, a topic that has been under discussion for decades. Already in the very early, large scale, population studies, such as the Dutch Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen Study [2], evidence was indicated concerning the effects of smoking on BHR. Our contribution was that, in a general population study setting, we could demonstrate a dose-dependent association of smoking …
TRATAMIENTO DE LA FUGA ANASTOMÓTICA MEDIANTE ENDOESPONJA: EXPERIENCIA DE NUESTRA SERIE
Authors: A Araujo Míguez, S Sobrino Rodríguez, A Alcalde Vargas, I Gutiérrez Domingo, T Lopez Ruiz, JM Bozada García
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Introducción: La dehiscencia de anastomosis es una complicación con importante morbimortalidad tras la cirugía colorrectal. La endoesponja es una reciente modalidad de tratamiento conservador para la cavidad presacra resultado de la fuga anastomótica. Evaluamos la eficacia y resultados a corto plazo en nuestra serie. Método: Entre Agosto 2010 y Mayo de2012, 11 pacientes (9 hombres; 2 mujeres), con edad media de 66 años (rango 51–82) han sido tratados mediante endoesponja de una dehiscencia de anastomosis colo-rectal o sutura del muñón rectal tras resección anterior baja por neoplasia rectal (n=10) o perforación rectal post-radioterapia sobre cáncer de próstata (n=1). Resultados: De los 11 pacientes, 8 comenzaron el tratamiento dentro de las 6 semanas después de la cirugía inicial y los restantes 3 pacientes comenzaron después de las 6 semanas, no encontrándose diferencias en cuanto a la repuesta. En 10/11 pacientes (90,9%), la dehiscencia de la anastomosis fue curada con éxito. Un paciente no presentó ninguna respuesta, concretamente el paciente intervenido por perforación rectal tras radioterapia pudiendo relacionarse con isquemia del tejido que interfirió en la granulación. Se produjo recidiva en 1/11 pacientes (9,09%). El cierre de la cavidad se logró en una mediana de 21días (rango 4–31) con media de 4 recambios de endoesponja (rango 1–7). No se vió afectado por radio-quimioterapia neoadyuvante. No hubo complicaciones, tan solo un paciente precisó retirada precoz de la endoesponja por dolor abdominal. El seguimiento a corto plazo fue una media de 4,5 meses. Conclusiones: La endoesponja es un método mínimamente invasivo para el tratamiento de la fuga anastomótica en área rectal baja. Según nuestros resultados puede ser recomendado como enfoque alternativo a cirugía. Comenzar el tratamiento más temprano probablemente sea más eficaz, aunque nosotros no hemos obtenido diferencias entre ambos grupos. La radio-quimioterapia no causa problema para la aplicación de la endo-esponja.
The IL-15 receptor α chain cytoplasmic domain is critical for normal IL-15Rα function but is not required for trans-presentation
Authors: Zheng Wu, Hai-Hui Xue, Jérôme Bernard, Rong Zeng, Dmitry Issakov, Julie Bollenbacher-Reilley, Igor M. Belyakov, SangKon Oh, Jay A. Berzofsky, Warren J. Leonard
Journal: Blood (2008)
Diagnosis of Diseases of the Pancreas and Biliary Tract
Authors: Woo Y. Chey
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The pancreozymin-secretin test was performed on 73 patients with chronic pancreatitis and on 34 with cancer of the pancreas. Duodenal contents were abnormal in 88% of the patients with chronic pancreatitis and in 94% with cancer of the pancreas. The most common abnormality among volume, concentration of bicarbonate, and amylase output of the duodenal contents was low amylase output. The present study strongly suggests that the addition of pancreozymin to the secretin test can detect a diminished enzyme secretory capacity of the pancreas better than can secretin alone. This test can also aid in the diagnosis of diseases of the biliary tract and in differentiating obstructive jaundice by observing changes in bile response of the duodenal contents and by microscopic examination of bile sediment.
The dangers of taking capacity limits too literally
Authors: S. E. Avons, Geoff Ward, Riccardo Russo
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The empirical data do not unequivocally support a consistent fixed capacity of four chunks. We propose an alternative account whereby capacity is limited by the precision of specifying the temporal and spatial context in which items appear, that similar psychophysical constraints limit number estimation, and that short term memory (STM) is continuous with long term memory (LTM).
Corticosteroid usage and binding to arginine: determinants of corticosteroid hypersensitivity
Authors: S.M. WILKINSON, M.F. JONES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Corticosteroid usage and binding to arginine: determinants of corticosteroid hypersensitivity Get access S.M. WILKINSON, S.M. WILKINSON The Skin Hospital, Chapel Street, Salford and Department of Pharmacy, Central Manchester Healthcare Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, U.K. Dr S.M.Wilkinson. Department of Dermatology. The General infirmary at Leeds, LSI 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.F. JONES M.F. JONES The Skin Hospital, Chapel Street, Salford and Department of Pharmacy, Central Manchester Healthcare Trust, Oxford Road, Manchester, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue 2, 1 August 1996, Pages 225–230, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb01151.x Published: 01 August 1996 Article history Accepted: 13 December 1995 Published: 01 August 1996
Receptor recognition of maleyl-albumin induces chemotaxis in human monocytes.
Authors: M E Haberland, R R Rasmussen, A M Fogelman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We demonstrate here that the exceptionally active maleyl-albumin receptor of human monocytes functions in vitro as a chemoattractant receptor. Chemotaxis of human monocytes occurs at an effective median dose of 3-4 microM maleyl-albumin, a concentration representing 1% of the total albumin in the adult human. Computerized analyses by LIGAND of the saturable binding of maleyl-albumin to human monocytes reveal two classes of binding sites, described by dissociation constants of 37 nM and 5.3 microM with maximal binding of 1.6 and 23 pmol maleyl-albumin/mg cellular protein, respectively. Chemotaxis of human monocytes thus occurs at concentrations of maleyl-albumin promoting binding to the lower-affinity sites. We propose that conformational isomers of albumin that are chemotactic may form in vivo and that albumin, in addition to receptor-independent plasma transport functions, may also play an important role in the receptor-mediated recruitment and accumulation of phagocytic cells at sites of inflammation and injury.
Mexico and the tobacco industry: doing the wrong thing for the right reason?
Authors: Jonathan Samet, Heather Wipfli, Rogelio Perez-Padilla, Derek Yach
Journal: BMJ (2006)

By linking payments to a health fund with sales of cigarettes, the tobacco industry is undermining international agreements to control smokingIn May 2004 the Mexican government announced an agreement with the tobacco industry that related to tobacco control measures and industry contributions to the Seguro Popular de Salud, a programme for people without health insurance. 1Although the agreement has received little international discussion, it has implications not only in Mexico but in other countries that may be tempted to follow Mexico's example.The timing of the agreement raises concern that it may be an industry model for counteracting the effect of the World Health Organization's Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.
Spasm
Authors: Donald Munro, Edward L. Spatz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

IT is well known that there are a variety of spasms each of which has its own separate peculiarities, and each of which is associated regularly with the pathologic lesions of which the spasm is a symptom. To be sure, this holds true only in a general way and only if the lesion itself is pinpointed and the symptoms clear cut. A widespread lesion and a foggy symptomatology produce much overlapping and may be very confusing. Nevertheless, a study of this phenomenon, especially in the light of the major disabling effects of such spasm, can be expected to lead to . . .
Semen quality and reproductive health of young Czech men exposed to seasonal air pollution.
Authors: S G Selevan, L Borkovec, V L Slott, Z Zudová, J Rubes, D P Evenson, S D Perreault
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

This study of male reproductive health in the Czech Republic resulted from community concern about potential adverse effects of air pollution. We compared young men (18 years of age) living in Teplice, a highly industrialized district with seasonally elevated levels of air pollution, to those from Prachatice, a rural district with relatively clean air. Surveys were scheduled for either late winter, after the season of higher air pollution, or at the end of summer, when pollution was low. Participation included a physical examination, donation of a semen sample, and completion of a questionnaire on health, personal habits, and exposure to solvents and metals through work or hobby. Analysis of data from 408 volunteers showed that the men from Teplice and Prachatice were similar in physical characteristics, personal habits, and work- or hobby-related exposures. Sixty-six percent (272) of these men donated a single semen sample for routine semen analysis, computer-aided sperm motion analysis, and sperm chromatin structure assay. The mean (median) sperm concentration and sperm count were 61. 2 (44.0) million/mL semen and 113.3 (81.5) million, respectively, and were not associated with district of residence or period of elevated air pollution. However, periods of elevated air pollution in Teplice were significantly associated with decrements in other semen measures including proportionately fewer motile sperm, proportionately fewer sperm with normal morphology or normal head shape, and proportionately more sperm with abnormal chromatin. These results suggest that young men may experience alterations in sperm quality after exposure to periods of elevated air pollution, without changes in sperm numbers.
THE PRODUCTION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CUTANEOUS ALLERGY TO PNEUMOCOCCUS PROTEIN
Authors: George M. Mackenzie, Shutai T. Woo
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

1. Intracutaneous injection of guinea pigs with an alkaline extract of pneumococcus produces in about two-thirds of the animals an allergy with a skin reaction similar to the allergic skin response of tuberculosis. 2. Continuance of the intracutaneous injections after the appearance of allergy results in its disappearance. The skin ceases to react. 3. Neither the animals manifesting skin allergy nor those which fail to develop it show any significant alteration in susceptibility to pneumococcus infection by intraperitoneal inoculation. Similarly, animals desensitized by continuing the intracutaneous injections after the appearance of allergy show an unaltered susceptibility.
Incidence of pubic bone marrow oedema in Australian rules football players: relation to groin pain
Authors: G M Verrall, J P Slavotinek, G T Fon
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2001)

Objectives —To examine the relation between the clinical features of groin pain and groin magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearances in a group largely comprising elite Australian Rules football players. The incidence of bone marrow oedema and other MRI findings in the pubic symphysis region was noted. The relation between a past history of groin pain and these other MRI findings was also examined. Method —In a prospective study, 116 male subjects (89 footballers, 17 umpires, 10 sedentary men) were examined before history taking and groin MRI. The clinical history was not known to the examiner (GMV) and radiologists (JPS, GTF). Clinical evidence of groin pain and examination findings were correlated with the presence of increased signal intensity within the pubic bone marrow. A past history of groin pain was correlated with the presence of other MRI findings such as cyst formation, fluid signal within the pubic symphysis disc, and irregularity of the pubic symphysis. Results —Fifty two athletes (47 footballers, five umpires) had clinical features of groin pain with pubic symphysis and/or superior pubic ramus tenderness. A high incidence of increased signal intensity (77%) within the pubic bone marrow was identified in this group. There was an association between this group of athletes and the MRI finding of increased signal intensity (p&lt;0.01). There was also an association between a past history of groin pain and the presence of other MRI findings (p&lt;0.01). Conclusions —Athletes with groin pain and tenderness of the pubic symphysis and/or superior pubic ramus have clinical features consistent with the diagnosis of osteitis pubis. The increased signal intensity seen on MRI is due to pubic bone marrow oedema. An association exists between the clinical features of osteitis pubis and the MRI finding of pubic bone marrow oedema. A high incidence of pubic bone marrow oedema was also noted. Degenerative features visualised by MRI, such as subchondral cyst formation, were associated with a past history of groin pain. A stress injury to the pubic bone is the most likely explanation for these MRI findings and may be the cause of the clinical entity osteitis pubis.
Dr McCartney is right, the BMA is wrong
Authors: C. P. O'Mahony, A. Robinson, S. Barton, B. Beeby
Journal: BMJ (2011)

We agree with McCartney and fully support the English policy of not doing cervical smears in women under 25.1 Treating lesions that were destined for spontaneous regression can cause lasting harm to young women and is wrong. All the referenced studies she cites reiterate this. …
Gastrostomie percutanée endoscopique dans la sclérose latérale amyotrophique: pousser la limite au-delà du consensus?
Authors: SM Schneider, J Vibert, K Arab, S Maingret, MH Soriani, M Launay, J Filippi, C Desnuelle, X Hébuterne
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

La nutrition entérale par gastrostomie percutanée endoscopique (GPE) peut, lorsqu'elle est précoce, améliorer le pronostic vital des malades atteints de sclérose latérale amyotrophique (SLA). La conférence de consensus de 2005déconseille toutefois ce geste (grade B) en cas de risque accru de complication: score bulbaire élevé, capacité vitale forcée (CVF) <50%, âge >65 ans, perte de poids >10% et/ou indice de masse corporelle (IMC) <18. Le but de ce travail prospectif a été d'évaluer les facteurs influençant la survie et les complications dans un centre expert SLA.
Safety of Latex Prick Skin Testing in Allergic Patients
Authors: Bernd Bonnekoh
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Sussman et al<sup>1</sup>state that the latex prick skin test is safe and, if performed properly, does not cause an adverse reaction. However, we recently observed anaphylactic shock coinciding with the latex prick test in an atopic female patient suffering from allergy to latex. Our 17-year-old patient who worked as a dentist's assistant had repeated episodes of contact urticaria as well as anaphylactic shock reactions. These reactions occurred only at her place of work, and they were found to result from skin contact with latex medical gloves and from inhalation of the gloves' powder containing allergenic latex particles. Fifteen minutes after the onset of latex prick testing (10% aqueous dispersion), a positive local skin reaction was evident, with significant erythema and whealing equal to the reaction to histamine (1:1000). At this time, the patient complained of a sensation of imminent collapse, and within a few minutes,
Possible additions to summary
Authors: E. H. Price
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Visintin and colleagues provide a useful summary of the guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on managing bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people.1 Further information relating to organisms causing bacterial meningitis other than Neisseria meningitidis is available in the more detailed guidelines.

One point that could have been added …
CCR5 Usage by CCL5 Induces a Selective Leukocyte Recruitment in Human Skin Xenografts in Vivo
Authors: A. Tsicopoulos, P. de Nadai, C. Chenivesse, H. Porte, H. Vorng, A.F. Walls, B. Wallaert, A. Tonnel, H. Zerwes
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Obstructive Uropathy Mimicking Volume Depletion
Authors: Alfons Salinger
Journal: JAMA (1977)

To the Editor.—  In reviewing the article Obstructive Uropathy Mimicking Volume Depletion (236:2096, 1976), I think that another point should be stressed. The histories of the two patients should immediately have aroused the suspicion of obstructive uropathy unless, as unfortunately happens frequently, a more accurate history was taken only when therapeutic measures did not lead to the expected benefits.  The article contains the important, though not new, messages that not only is an accurate history necessary, but that one must not overlook the history as an essential tool for guidance in order to attend to the patient in the most effective and expeditious manner.
Oligonucleotide Adjuvants for T Helper 1 (Th1)–specific Vaccination
Authors: Dennis A. Carson, Eyal Raz
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Commentarysufficient to eliminate malignant cells.By increasing endogenous IFN-␥ synthesis, therapeutic Th1 vaccines could promote recovery from chronic viral or parasitic infections.In summary, immunostimulatory oligonucleotides are adjuvants that simplify Th1 induction in experimental sys-tems.Their applications in clinical immunology will depend on whether the data generated in murine models will be reproducible in humans and whether the side effects of cytokine overproduction will be acceptable.
Metabolic Imaging by Hyperpolarized 13C Magnetic Resonance Imaging for <i>In vivo</i> Tumor Diagnosis
Authors: Klaes Golman, René in't Zandt, Mathilde Lerche, Rikard Pehrson, Jan Henrik Ardenkjaer-Larsen
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

The "Warburg effect," an elevation in aerobic glycolysis, may be a fundamental property of cancer cells. For cancer diagnosis and treatment, it would be valuable if elevated glycolytic metabolism could be quantified in an image in animals and humans. The pyruvate molecule is at the metabolic crossroad for energy delivery inside the cell, and with a noninvasive measurement of the relative transformation of pyruvate into lactate and alanine within a biologically relevant time frame (seconds), it may be possible to quantify the glycolytic status of the cells. We have examined the metabolism after i.v. injection of hyperpolarized (13)C-pyruvate in rats with implanted P22 tumors. The strongly enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated by the hyperpolarization techniques allows mapping of pyruvate, lactate, and alanine in a 5 x 5 x 10 mm(3) imaging voxel using a 1.5 T magnetic resonance scanner. The magnetic resonance scanning (chemical shift imaging) was initiated 24 seconds after the pyruvate injection and had a duration of 14 seconds. All implanted tumors showed significantly higher lactate content than the normal tissue. The results indicate that noninvasive quantification of localized Warburg effect may be possible.
Quantitative risk analysis for quantal reproductive and developmental effects.
Authors: D W Gaylor
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

Animal experiments are generally conducted at higher dose levels than anticipated human dose levels in order to elicit otherwise subtle changes in reproduction or developmental effects with relatively few animals. Based on animal data, regulatory strategy generally has been to postulate a no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for toxic effects and to divide this by a safety factor, usually 100, to establish acceptable levels for humans. Various authors have discussed the shortcomings of using NOEL and have suggested the use of an estimable effect level determined from a dose-response curve fitted to bioassay data, e.g., the dose at which 1% of the animals are adversely affected, and employing some form of conservative low dose extrapolation to control risks at lower doses. In this paper, 10 sets of bioassay data on fetal mortality or anomalies were used to compare the estimated upper limits of risk estimated at the NOEL/100 and the lower 95% confidence limit estimate of the dose producing adverse effects in 1% of the embryonic implants or fetuses divided by 100 (LED01/100). The latter quantity is expected to result in a risk (proportion affected) of less than 10(-4) (1 in 10,000). The estimated upper limits of risk associated with the NOEL/100 were from 2 x 10(-4) to 6 x 10(-4) for the 10 data sets investigated.
Late-Onset Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Caused by a Mutation in the Cardiac Troponin T Gene
Authors: Perry M. Elliott, Leon D'Cruz, William J. McKenna
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a heterogeneous disease caused by mutations in eight different genes that encode cardiac sarcomeric proteins. Relatives of affected persons are at low risk for the disease in later life if the electrocardiographic and two-dimensional echocardiographic findings are normal in early adulthood. The only reported exceptions are patients with mutations in the gene for cardiac myosin-binding protein C, in whom the disease typically develops in middle age.1,2 We describe a 57-year-old man with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy caused by a mutation in the gene for troponin T. The patient presented with a three-year history of . . .