tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sex Difference in Risk of Second but Not of First Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Rachel E.J. Roach, Willem M. Lijfering, Frits R. Rosendaal, Suzanne C. Cannegieter, Saskia le Cessie
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— The risk of recurrent venous thrombosis is 2-fold higher in men than in women. In contrast, no such sex difference in the risk of first venous thrombosis has been reported. We hypothesized that, for a first event, a risk difference between the sexes is masked by female exposure to reproductive factors (oral contraception, pregnancy/puerperium, and postmenopausal hormone therapy). Methods and Results— From the Multiple Environmental and Genetic Assessment of Risk Factors for Venous Thrombosis (MEGA) study, a population-based case-control study on risk factors for venous thrombosis, 2915 patients with a first venous thrombosis and their partners as control subjects were included. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for first venous thrombosis were assessed in men compared with women without reproductive risk factors by use of conditional logistic regression. Analyses were stratified in 10-year age categories to account for the variation in exposure to reproductive risk factors over different age groups and adjusted for body mass index and smoking. Overall, men had a 2.1-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.9–2.4) increased risk of first venous thrombosis compared with women without reproductive risk factors. Similar results were found when 10-year age categories were viewed separately. Adjustment for body mass index and smoking and exclusion of cancer patients did not materially affect the results. Conclusions— When female reproductive risk factors are taken into account, the risk of a first venous thrombosis is twice as high in men as in women. These findings are in line with previous studies on recurrent venous thrombosis and may have implications for future treatment and prevention strategies.
Stress and tissue Doppler echocardiographic evidence of effectiveness of myoblast transplantation in patients with ischaemic heart failure
Authors: Elena Biagini, Marco Valgimigli, Pieter C. Smits, Don Poldermans, Arend F.L. Schinkel, Vittoria Rizzello, Emile E.M. Onderwater‐, Manolis Bountioukos, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2006)
Toll-like Receptor 4 Polymorphisms and Atherogenesis
Authors: Stefan Kiechl, Eva Lorenz, Markus Reindl, Christian J. Wiedermann, Friedrich Oberhollenzer, Enzo Bonora, Johann Willeit, David A. Schwartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The ability to mount a prominent inflammatory response to bacterial pathogens confers an advantage in innate immune defense but may signal an increased risk of atherosclerosis. We determined whether recently discovered genetic variants of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) that confer differences in the inflammatory response elicited by bacterial lipopolysaccharide are related to the development of atherosclerosis.
Pediatric health aspects of PBBs.
Authors: M Barr
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1978)

Many Michigan farm children are viewed as having suffered a deterioration in health coincident with contamination of dairy cattle by PBBs. Among Wisconsin dairy farm children such a deterioration was a rare event. There is a suggestion that Michigan farm children who had multiple symptoms during the 1973-76 period are getting better. A discrete syndrome of ill health has not been identified among Michigan farm children. The symptoms complained of indicate a disruption of various physiological functions, including neurobehavioral, gastrointestinal and immunological. Children from quarantined farms do not have a higher prevalence of multiple symptoms than those from nonquarantined farms.
Monoclonal Endothelial Cells in Appetite Suppressant–associated Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: RUBIN M. TUDER, ZIVOTIJE RADISAVLJEVIC, KENNETH R. SHROYER, JULIA M. POLAK, NORBERT F. VOELKEL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<CASE REPORTSMETHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Bone Scintigraphy in Latent Congenital Syphilis
Authors: ALBERT J. MORENO, MICHAEL A. YEDINAK, ABBAS RAHNEMA, PETER FREDERICKS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

A 26-year-old man with congenital syphilis presented with increased periosteal uptake of Tc-99m MDP during bone scintigraphy. In addition, bowing of the tibias and apparent shortening of the tibias were seen on the bone scan. Corresponding abnormalities were noted on roentgenography of the lower extremities.
The Effect of Bran on Glucose Kinetics and Plasma Insulin in Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Susan E H Hall, T M Bolton, G Hetenyi
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

Experiments were carried out on two groups of diabetic patients treated (1) by diet alone (group A) and (2) by diet and oral agents (group B), the latter being discontinued 3 days before each test. All patients were tested twice. To measure rates of glucose metabolism, 3H-3-glucose was infused before and during a standard 3-h 50'g oral glucose tolerance test. 14C-1-glucose was added to the glucose solution and the percentage of ingested glucose that appeared in peripheral blood was calculated. Bran improved glucose tolerance only in group B patients by delaying the peripheral appearance of ingested glucose but had no effect on glucose absorption in group A. In contrast, patients in group A showed a marked reduction in their insulin response when bran was mixed with the glucose. Despite this reduction, glucose tolerance, the metabolic clearance rate (MCR) of glucose, arid all other rates measured were unaffected by bran. Thus we conclude that in patients adequately controlled by diet alone, the effect of insulin was potentiated when bran was ingested, but the mechanism involved remains obscure.
Mortality Resulting From Congenital Heart Disease Among Children and Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2006
Authors: Suzanne M. Gilboa, Jason L. Salemi, Wendy N. Nembhard, David E. Fixler, Adolfo Correa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background— Previous reports suggest that mortality resulting from congenital heart disease (CHD) among infants and young children has been decreasing. There is little population-based information on CHD mortality trends and patterns among older children and adults. Methods and Results— We used data from death certificates filed in the United States from 1999 to 2006 to calculate annual CHD mortality by age at death, race-ethnicity, and sex. To calculate mortality rates for individuals ≥1 year of age, population counts from the US Census were used in the denominator; for infant mortality, live birth counts were used. From 1999 to 2006, there were 41 494 CHD-related deaths and 27 960 deaths resulting from CHD (age-standardized mortality rates, 1.78 and 1.20 per 100 000, respectively). During this period, mortality resulting from CHD declined 24.1% overall. Mortality resulting from CHD significantly declined among all race-ethnicities studied. However, disparities persisted; overall and among infants, mortality resulting from CHD was consistently higher among non-Hispanic blacks compared with non-Hispanic whites. Infant mortality accounted for 48.1% of all mortality resulting from CHD; among those who survived the first year of life, 76.1% of deaths occurred during adulthood (≥18 years of age). Conclusions— CHD mortality continued to decline among both children and adults; however, differences between race-ethnicities persisted. A large proportion of CHD-related mortality occurred during infancy, although significant CHD mortality occurred during adulthood, indicating the need for adult CHD specialty management.
Return to work and quality of life after surgery for coronary artery disease.
Authors: S Westaby, R N Sapsford, H H Bentall
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Changes in work capability and quality of life were assessed retrospectively in 130 patients with ischaemic heart disease who had undergone aortocoronary bypass operations during 1976-7 because of medically uncontrollable angina. A total of 85 patients (65.4%) reported complete relief from angina six months after operation, though 12 later suffered a recurrence. Substantially fewer patients needed drugs after the operation. Before operation 9 out of 117 men fully employed at the onset of angina were working without restriction or doing lighter, fulltime work, 38 were at work but seriously incapacitated by angina, and 70 were forced to stop work. After operation 70 were working without restriction or engaged in lighter work, 15 were at work but still restricted by angina, and only 32 were forced to stop work. This result was highly significant (P less than 0.001). These differences were even more pronounced in heavy manual workers, of whom none cobld work normally before operation, whereas 16 were working without restriction afterwards. Of patients wishing to engage in hobbies or sports, social activity, and sexual intercourse but were restricted before operation, about two-thirds could resume these activities afterwards. Coronary artery surgery provided dramatic symptomatic relief in up to 90% of patients and permitted rehabilitation and return to gainful employment irrespective of type of labour. The degree of symptomatic improvement and increase in exercise tolerance after successful surgery is usually far greater than occurs with any other form of treatment and directly improves quality of life and work capability.
Hyperlipidemia and Coronary Disease
Authors: Lucie Lacoste, Jules Y.T. Lam, Joseph Hung, Glaci Letchacovski, Charles B. Solymoss, David Waters
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for coronary disease, and platelet reactivity is increased with hypercholesterolemia, suggesting a prethrombotic risk. The aim of this study was to measure mural platelet thrombus formation on an injured arterial wall in a model simulating vessel stenosis and plaque rupture in hypercholesterolemic coronary disease patients before and after cholesterol reduction. Methods and Results Thirty-two patients with stable coronary disease were studied. Platelet thrombus formation and serum lipids were measured in 16 hypercholesterolemic patients (cholesterol &gt;5.2 mmol/L) before and after a mean of 2.5 months of pravastatin therapy (40 mg/d) and in 16 normocholesterolemic control patients. Thrombus formation was assessed by exposing porcine aortic media to the patient’s flowing venous blood for 3 minutes at a shear rate of 754 or 2546 s −1 at 37°C in an ex vivo superfusion chamber. Quantitative morphometric platelet thrombus formation at baseline was higher in the hypercholesterolemic patients at both the high and low shear rates: 4.8±1.0 and 3.3±0.7 μm 2 /mm, respectively, compared with normocholesterolemic patients: 2.1±0.5 and 1.6±0.4 μm 2 /mm (both P &lt;.05). In the hypercholesterolemic patients, pravastatin decreased total cholesterol from 6.5±0.2 to 4.5±0.2 mmol/L and LDL cholesterol from 4.5±0.2 to 2.8±0.1 mmol/L (both P &lt;.05). Platelet thrombus formation at high and low shear rates decreased to 2.0±0.3 and 1.3±0.3 μm 2 /mm, respectively (both P &lt;.05). Conclusions Thus, hypercholesterolemia is associated with an enhanced platelet thrombus formation on an injured artery, increasing the propensity for acute thrombosis. Platelet thrombus formation at both high and low shear rates decreased as total and LDL cholesterol levels were reduced with pravastatin. Cholesterol lowering may therefore reduce the risk of acute coronary events in part by reducing the thrombogenic risk.
The ultrastructure of hepatocytes in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genotype Pi--.
Authors: G Feldmann, J P Martin, R Sesboue, C Ropartz, R Perelman, M Nathanson, P Seringe, J P Benhamou
Journal: Gut (1975)

The ultrastructural appearance of the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes was found to be normal in a 5-year-old girl with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genotype Pi--. The liver ultrastructure of this variant is therefore different from that of alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genotype PiZZ in which aggregates of an abnormal, unsecreted alpha-1-antitrypsin accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum of the hepatocytes. The normal appearance of the endoplasmic reticulum in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency with the genotype Pi-- is compatible with the hypothesis, in this variant, synthesis of alpha-1-antitrypsin is completely, or nearly completely, absent; an alternative hypothesis would be that an abnormal alpha-1-antitrypsin is produced by the liver and secreted into the plasma, but disappears rapidly from the plasma.
The Molecular Basis of Cancer
Authors: Michael B. Shimkin
Journal: JAMA (1986)

The ferment in cancer research is such that even the nosology of neoplasia may be unrecognizably changed during the 21st century. The raveling of the cancer mystery is still in the analytic stage that must precede synthesis. Thus, present summaries can only be progress reports with short life spans.  Nevertheless, this 349-page paperback book by 11 British authors well encompasses the key approaches, especially viral oncology, chemical carcinogenesis, and cancer chemotherapy.  And for further study, each chapter has a current, well-selected list of references.  This book was designed for science and medical students who have basic knowledge of biochemistry and molecular biology. Its clinical sections are minimal, as they are meant to orient the basic scientists. But it is also a useful, convenient resource for clinicians who wish to learn what is going on in the laboratories. For it is the men and women working in laboratories who will provide
Calf Muscle Arteriovenous Malformations Detected by Technetium-99m Erythrocyte Venography
Authors: CHRISTOPHER O??DONNELL, JOHN ANDREWS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Two cases of calf muscle arteriovenous malformation in young women, presenting clinically as deep venous thrombosis, were initially detected by Tc-99m erythrocyte venography and later confirmed by arteriography. The role of this technique in the investigation of venous thrombosis is discussed, emphasizing the importance of the lateral calf view.
Elevated Plasma 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Infants with Hypercalcemia and an Elfin Facies
Authors: Michele Garabédian, Evelyne Jacqz, Huguette Guillozo, Regine Grimberg, Marcel Guillot, Marie-France Gagnadoux, Michel Broyer, Gerard Lenoir, Sonia Balsan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We measured plasma concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25-(OH)2D) in the course of a 6-to-37-month survey of four children with hypercalcemia and an elfin facies (Williams syndrome). Levels of 1,25-(OH)2D were elevated (160 to 470 pg per milliliter) during the hypercalcemic phase of the disease, when the children were five to nine months old, and they decreased thereafter. Plasma 1,25 (OH)2D levels were higher than those found in three children (16 to 60 months old) with the elfin facies syndrome and no hypercalcemia (42 to 71 pg per milliliter) and eight children (1 to 36 months old) with hypercalcemia and no dysmorphy (12 to 140 pg per milliliter), including two children with vitamin D intoxication. Hypercalcemia in the three children with elfin facies was controlled by a low-calcium diet. Serum calcium levels fell to the normal range, and plasma 1,25-(OH)2D levels were normal for age (18 to 105 pg per milliliter) at 14 to 47 months of age, even after appropriate therapy had been discontinued. These observations suggest that hypercalcemia may be the consequence of abnormal synthesis or degradation of 1,25-(OH)2D in children with the elfin facies syndrome.
A nonclassical vitamin D receptor pathway suppresses renal fibrosis
Authors: Ichiaki Ito, Tsuyoshi Waku, Masato Aoki, Rumi Abe, Yu Nagai, Tatsuya Watanabe, Yuka Nakajima, Ichiro Ohkido, Keitaro Yokoyama, Hiroyuki Miyachi, Toshiyuki Shimizu, Akiko Murayama, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Kazuo Nagasawa, Junn Yanagisawa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

The TGF-β superfamily comprises pleiotropic cytokines that regulate SMAD and non-SMAD signaling. TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction is known to be involved in tissue fibrosis, including renal fibrosis. Here, we found that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3–bound [1,25(OH)2D3-bound] vitamin D receptor (VDR) specifically inhibits TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction through direct interaction with SMAD3. In mouse models of tissue fibrosis, 1,25(OH)2D3 treatment prevented renal fibrosis through the suppression of TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction. Based on the structure of the VDR-ligand complex, we generated 2 synthetic ligands. These ligands selectively inhibited TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction without activating VDR-mediated transcription and significantly attenuated renal fibrosis in mice. These results indicate that 1,25(OH)2D3-dependent suppression of TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction is independent of VDR-mediated transcriptional activity. In addition, these ligands did not cause hypercalcemia resulting from stimulation of the transcriptional activity of the VDR. Thus, our study provides a new strategy for generating chemical compounds that specifically inhibit TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction. Since TGF-β–SMAD signal transduction is reportedly involved in several disorders, our results will aid in the development of new drugs that do not cause detectable adverse effects, such as hypercalcemia.
RUPTURED UTERUS. OPERATION AND AMPUTATION OF A SECTION OF INTESTINE. A UNIQUE CASE.
Authors: H. WARDNER
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Trusting the following report may be of interest, I send it toThe Journal, in the hope that if there is a similar case on record, or having occurred in the practice of any physician, it may come to light. So far, I have not been able to find one in medical literature, or in the experience of physicians with whom I have conversed on the subject. On Sunday, August 11, 1889, I was requested by my friend Dr. Dodds, of Anna, 111., to visit with him a patient in a neighboring village, a young married woman, who seemed to be suffering from a delayed miscarriage, about which there was something unusual. From the doctor, the patient and her husband, who was also a physician, I obtained in substance the following history of the case: On Wednesday evening, the 7th, she was at Anna, where, in running to catch the
Extreme Dilatation of Pulmonary Artery With Pulmonic Artery Stenosis
Authors: Mohinder Gupta
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The causes of dilatation of the main pulmonary artery have been well described.<sup>1</sup>The following case is reported because of the demonstration of extreme poststenotic dilatation of the main pulmonary artery simulating an aortic aneurysm. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 66-year-old dentist was rejected from the draft in 1942 because of a heart murmur. In 1954, he was first told of an "aneurysm," but sought no further advice. In 1966, he was seen by another physician, who advised the patient to be evaluated for an aortic aneurysm and he was then admitted to the Queens Hospital Center. At that time, an x-ray film (Fig 1) revealed a slightly enlarged heart, a round mediastinal mass on the left side, together with slight deviation of the trachea to the right and downward displacement of the left main bronchus, with decreased vascularity of the left upper lung field. Right
A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with cancer of the lung: a paraneoplastic association?
Authors: F. Loche, H.P. Schwarze, C. Durieu, J. Bazex
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with cancer of the lung: a paraneoplastic association? Get access F. Loche, F. Loche Department of Dermatology, Purpan Hospital, Place du Docteur Baylac, F‐31059 Toulouse cedex, FranceE‐mail: bazex.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.P. Schwarze, H.P. Schwarze Department of Dermatology, Purpan Hospital, Place du Docteur Baylac, F‐31059 Toulouse cedex, FranceE‐mail: bazex.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Durieu, C. Durieu Department of Dermatology, Purpan Hospital, Place du Docteur Baylac, F‐31059 Toulouse cedex, FranceE‐mail: bazex.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Bazex J. Bazex Department of Dermatology, Purpan Hospital, Place du Docteur Baylac, F‐31059 Toulouse cedex, FranceE‐mail: bazex.j@chu‐toulouse.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 1, 1 July 2000, Pages 210–211, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03630.x Published: 01 July 2000
Impaired Myocardial Vasodilation During Hyperemic Stress With Dipyridamole in Hypertriglyceridemia
Authors: Ikuo Yokoyama, Tohru Ohtake, Shin-ichi Momomura, Katsunori Yonekura, Junichi Nishikawa, Yasuhito Sasaki, Masao Omata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
The TIR/BB-loop mimetic AS-1 protects the myocardium from ischaemia/reperfusion injury
Authors: Z. Cao, Y. Hu, W. Wu, T. Ha, J. Kelley, C. Deng, Q. Chen, C. Li, J. Li, Y. Li
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Innate immune and inflammatory responses are involved in myocardial ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R)-mediated, MyD88-dependent nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation pathway plays an important role in the induction of innate immunity and inflammation. However, the role of the IL-1R–MyD88 pathway in myocardial I/R injury has not been thoroughly investigated. We hypothesized that inhibition of the interaction of IL-1R with MyD88 will attenuate myocardial ischaemic injury through reducing inflammatory responses. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to myocardial ischaemia (45 min) followed by reperfusion (4 h). In the treatment group, after mice were subjected to ischaemia (45 min), the TIR/BB-loop mimetic (AS-1), which inhibits the interaction of IL-1R with MyD88, was administered immediately before reperfusion. Hearts were harvested and cellular proteins were isolated for immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting. AS-1 administration significantly decreased infarct size by 32.92% compared with the untreated I/R group. Ejection fraction and fractional shortening in AS-1-treated mice were also significantly increased by 18.0 and 25.6%, respectively, compared with the untreated I/R group. AS-1 administration significantly decreased the I/R-increased interaction between IL-1R and MyD88, attenuated the I/R-increased NF-κB binding activity, and reduced levels of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in the myocardium compared with the untreated I/R group. In addition, AS-1 administration significantly decreased myocardial myeloperoxidase activity by 23.6% and neutrophil infiltration in the myocardium compared with the untreated I/R group. The results demonstrated an important role for the IL-1R-mediated MyD88-dependent signalling pathway in myocardial I/R injury. The data suggest that modulation of the IL-1R/MyD88 interaction could be a strategy for reducing myocardial ischaemic injury.
Corrigendum: Genome-wide genetic changes during modern breeding of maize
Authors: Yinping Jiao, Hainan Zhao, Longhui Ren, Weibin Song, Biao Zeng, Jinjie Guo, Baobao Wang, Zhipeng Liu, Jing Chen, Wei Li, Mei Zhang, Shaojun Xie, Jingsheng Lai
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)