tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
View-Synchronized Robotic Image-Guided Therapy for Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Authors: Vivek Y. Reddy, Petr Neuzil, Zachary J. Malchano, Ragu Vijaykumar, Ricardo Cury, Suhny Abbara, Jiri Weichet, Christina D. McPherson, Jeremy N. Ruskin
Journal: Circulation (2007)

A robotic catheter navigation system has been developed that provides a significant degree of freedom of catheter movement. This study examines the feasibility of synchronizing this robotic navigation system with electroanatomic mapping and 3-dimensional computed tomography imaging to perform view-synchronized left atrial (LA) ablation.This study consisted of a porcine experimental validation phase (9 animals) and a clinical feasibility phase (9 atrial fibrillation patients). Preprocedural computed tomography images were reconstructed to provide 3-dimensional surface models of the LA pulmonary veins and aorta. Aortic electroanatomic mapping was performed manually, followed by registration with the corresponding computed tomography aorta image using custom software. The mapping catheter was remotely manipulated with the robotic navigation system within the registered computed tomography image of the LA pulmonary veins. The point-to-surface error between the LA electroanatomic mapping data and the computed tomography image was 2.1+/-0.7 and 1.6+/-0.1 mm in the preclinical and clinical studies, respectively. The catheter was remotely navigated into all pulmonary veins, the LA appendage, and circumferentially along the mitral valve annulus. In 7 of 9 animals, circumferential radiofrequency ablation lesions were applied periostially to ablate 11 pulmonary veins. In patients, all of the pulmonary veins were remotely electrically isolated in an extraostial fashion. Adjunctive ablation included superior vena cava isolation in 6 patients, cavotricuspid isthmus ablation in 5 patients, and ablation of sites of complex fractionated activity and atypical LA flutters in 3 patients.This study demonstrates the safety and feasibility of an emerging paradigm for atrial fibrillation ablation involving the confluence of 3 technologies: 3-dimensional imaging, electroanatomic mapping, and remote robotic navigation.
Unusual Filling Defects in the Stomach
Authors: James J. Pollard
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Dr. Champlain Charest: A 50-year-old man was admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital for the first time because of abnormal findings on serial x-ray films of the upper-gastrointestinal tract. He was in excellent health until three years before, when he first noted dysphagia. Soon afterward he had occasional fleeting, burning pains in the epigastrium, but the symptoms did not progress and the dysphagia was inconstant. His appetite remained excellent, and, although he had lost 23 lb (10.4 kg) over the previous three years, he regained 12 lb (5.5 kg) in two months after giving up smoking. He had no anemia, hematemesis, melena, vomiting, diarrhea, jaundice, pruritus, or weakness. An x-ray examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract done during hospitalization elsewhere one year ago, was said to show "shrinkage of the esophagus and a spot in the stomach." He was advised to return in two months but failed to do so.
UK government confirms ban on human reproductive cloning
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The UK government last week reaffirmed its policy that human reproductive cloning is ethically unacceptable by retaining a ban on this type of procedure. A new expert advisory group has been set up, however, to assess the potential benefits of cloning techniques for therapeutic purposes.

The government was responding to a report on cloning published last year by the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority and the Human Genetics Advisory Commission that recommended cloning …
Antiadrenergic effects of adenosine on His-Purkinje automaticity. Evidence for accentuated antagonism.
Authors: B B Lerman, R C Wesley, J P DiMarco, D E Haines, L Belardinelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The effects of adenosine on the human His-Purkinje system (HPS) were studied in nine patients with complete atrioventricular (AV) block. Adenosine had minimal effect on the control HPS cycle length, but in the presence of isoproterenol increased it from 906 +/- 183 to 1,449 +/- 350 ms, P less than 0.001. Aminophylline, a competitive adenosine antagonist, completely abolished this antiadrenergic effect of adenosine. In isolated guinea pig hearts with surgically induced AV block, isoproterenol decreased the HPS rate by 36%, whereas in the presence of 1,3-dipropyl-8-phenyl-xanthine, a potent adenosine antagonist, the HPS rate decreased by 48% and was associated with an increased release of adenosine. Therefore, by blocking the effects of adenosine at the receptor level, the physiologic negative feedback mechanism by which adenosine antagonizes the effects of catecholamines was uncoupled. The results of this study indicate that adenosine's effects on the human HPS are primarily antiadrenergic and are thus consistent with the concept of accentuated antagonism. These effects of adenosine may serve as a counterregulatory metabolic response that improves the O2 supply-demand ratio perturbed by enhanced sympathetic tone. Some catecholamine-mediated ventricular arrhythmias that occur during ischemia or enhanced adrenergic stress may be due to an imbalance in this negative feedback system.
US doctors get new helpline to deal with patients' substance misuse
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The US National Institute on Drug Abuse has set up a free “warmline” to help primary care providers deal with their patients’ substance misuse problems.

The institute, part of the National Institutes of Health, and the American Society of Addiction Medicine, which coordinates the service, calls the service a “warmline” because it provides help within 24 hours rather than immediately, as hotlines do.

Substance misuse is a big problem in the United States. In 2009 about 22.5 million people aged 12 or older, or nearly 9% of …
Fatal Air Embolism Due to Vaginal Douching in Pregnancy
Authors: R. T. Cooke
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Spontaneous rupture of a diverticulum of the bladder was noted in three cases quoted by Lipow and Vogel (1942).The remarkable features in the present case were the absence of history, signs, or symptoms incriminating the urinary system, and the associated congenital anomalies.The usual feature of vomiting was also absent.The only identified cause of obstruction was th2 pin-hole meatus, and it seems that this was the cause of the urinary obstruction.Chronic distension of the bladder, a diverticulum which eventually ruptured under the strain of defaecation, and bilateral infected hydronephroses follow-ed.I am indebted to Mr. A. Elliot-
Lymphocyte Transformation in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: H. Bartfeld, T. Atoynatan
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Lymphocytes in cultures of peripheral blood cells from patients with multiple sclerosis showed significant blastogenic transformation in the presence of human brain extract, encephalitogenic myelin basic protein, or human cerebrospinal fluid, but not in the presence of kidney extract. There was no correlation between the degree of activity of the patients' disease and the percentage transformation of their lymphocytes.
TCT-486 Additive And Independent Impact Of Chronic Kidney Disease And Diabetes Mellitus On High Platelet Reactivity And Adverse Events Following PCI: Results From The ADAPT-DES Registry
Authors: Usman Baber, Roxana Mehran, Ajay J. Kirtane, Georgios Christodoulidis, Akiko Maehara, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Giora Weisz, Michael Rinaldi, D. Christopher Metzger, Timothy D. Henry, David Cox, Ernest L. Mazzaferri, Ke Xu, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Transrectal Ultrasound in the Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer: State of the Art and Perspectives
Authors: J.P. Michiel Sedelaar, Peter L.M. Vijverberg, Theo M. De Reijke, Jean J.M.C.H. de la Rosette, Paul J.M. Kil, Johan G. Braeckman, Ad J.M. Hendrikx
Journal: European Urology (2001)
Suppression of SIV-specific CD4+ T cells by infant but not adult macaque regulatory T cells: implications for SIV disease progression
Authors: Dennis J. Hartigan-O'Connor, Kristina Abel, Joseph M. McCune
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2007)

The impact of regulatory T cells (T reg cells) on the course of HIV and SIV disease is unknown. T reg cells could suppress protective antiviral responses and accelerate disease progression. Alternatively, these cells might block T cell activation and thereby limit viral replication as well as activation-associated immunopathology. Given the higher frequency of T reg cells known to be present during human fetal ontogeny, such influences may be most important in the context of perinatal infection. We found that infant macaques had higher fractions of CD4+CD25+CD127lowFoxP3+ T reg cells in the peripheral blood and in lymphoid tissues, and that these T reg cells showed greater in vitro suppressive activity on a per cell basis. Infant and adult macaques were infected with SIVmac251 to test the influence of the T reg cell compartment on SIV-specific immune responses. After infection with SIV, most (three out of four) infant macaques had persistently high viral loads, weak and transient SIV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, and rapid disease progression. T reg cells in the infant but not in the adult directly suppressed SIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses, which were detectable only after depletion of T reg cells. In the case of both the infant and the adult macaque, T reg cells were not able to directly suppress SIV-specific CD8+ T cell responses and had no apparent effect on T cell activation. In aggregate, these observations suggest that the T reg cell compartment of the infant macaque facilitates rapid disease progression, at least in part by incapacitating SIV-specific CD4+ T cell responses.
Osmotic regulation of the heat shock response in primary rat hepatocytes
Authors: Anna Kordelia Kurz, Freimut Schliess, Dieter Häussinger
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

The influence of cell hydration and taurine on the heat shock response was studied in primary rat hepatocytes. Heat-induced accumulation of inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) mRNA and protein was increased under hypo-osmotic conditions. In contrast, hyper-osmotic exposure blocked the HSP70 response during an 8-hour recovery, and this was paralleled by a reduction of overall protein synthesis and an impairment of thermotolerance. Taurine counteracted the hyper-osmotic inhibition of heat-induced HSP70 expression, but increased overall protein synthesis only slightly. A rapid and transient activation of the stress-activated protein kinase, JNK-2, was triggered by hyper-osmolarity, whereas the JNK-2 response to hypo-osmolarity was delayed. JNK-2 activation in response to heat was suppressed by hypo-osmolarity, but was markedly increased under hyper-osmotic conditions. The latter effect was blocked by taurine. A pronounced induction of the mRNA for the MAP-kinase phosphatase, MKP-1, in response to heat was observed during hypo- and normo-osmolarity, but no MKP-1 induction was found under hyper-osmotic conditions, although hyper-osmolarity itself led to accumulation of small levels of MKP-1 mRNA. Also, the block of heat-induced MKP-1 mRNA expression by hyper-osmolarity was abolished in the presence of taurine. The data provide evidence for a role of cellular hydration and taurine in the protection of liver parenchymal cells against heat injury via regulation of HSP70 expression and the balance between JNK-2 and MKP-1 activity.
Numerical Method of Evaluating the Status of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: J. Lansbury
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1958)

In the field of rheumatism, one of the most pressing needs is for a standardized, objective, and reliable index of the activity of rheumatoid arthritis which, while not taking into account all the manifold manifestations of the disease, will nevertheless provide a trustworthy guide both to its course in individual cases and to therapeutic responses in multi-clinic trials.In this paper we present a summary of our previous work on the development of a Systemic Index which, we believe, fulfills this function.We also give an outline of the Articular
Successful bone marrow transplant for Fanconi's anaemia.
Authors: A J Barrett, W D Brigden, J R Hobbs, K Hugh-Jones, J G Humble, D C James, S Retsas, T R Rogers, S Selwyn, P Sneath, J G Watson
Journal: BMJ (1977)

A 15-year-old boy with Fanconi9s anaemia, who required four units of blood each month, received a bone marrow graft from his 9-year-old brother, who has HLA identical and compatible on mixed lymphocyte reaction. Considerable immunosuppression was used and bacterial infection was prevented by vigorous decontamination in a Vickers-Trexler isolator. After the graft the patient9s blood counts remained satisfactory for nine months, but it took six months before qualitative immune function was normal.
Microbial Pathogen-Induced Necrotic Cell Death Mediated by the Inflammasome Components CIAS1/Cryopyrin/NLRP3 and ASC
Authors: Stephen B. Willingham, Daniel T. Bergstralh, William O'Connor, Amy C. Morrison, Debra J. Taxman, Joseph A. Duncan, Shoshana Barnoy, Malabi M. Venkatesan, Richard A. Flavell, Mohanish Deshmukh, Hal M. Hoffman, Jenny P.-Y. Ting
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2007)
Environmental policy must take into account public opinion
Authors: T. Richards
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Environmental policy should take more account of public values, says the Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution in its latest annual report.

To obtain these values the national bodies which set environmental standards must adopt wider and more rigorous methods of public consultation, including citizens' juries, deliberative polls, and consensus conferences.

The report draws attention to widespread public mistrust of official judgments and environmental regulations. Much of this, it suggests, stems …
Vasopressin V2 receptor antagonists
Authors: L Wong
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Hyponatremia due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) and disorders of water retention such as congestive heart failure and cirrhosis is a common problem encountered in the care of the medical patient. Thus far, available treatment modalities for disorders of excess arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion or action have been suboptimal. The development of nonpeptide AVP V2 receptor antagonists represents a promising treatment option to directly antagonize the effects of elevated plasma AVP concentrations by increasing the water permeability of renal collecting tubules, thereby promoting excretion of retained water and normalizing hypoosmolar hyponatremia. In this review, SIADH and other water retaining disorders are briefly discussed, after which the published preclinical and clinical studies in the development of several nonpeptide AVP V2 receptor antagonists are summarized. The likely therapeutic indications and potential complications of these compounds, as well as their vascular effects, are also described.
Haemoglobin estimation: a comparison of different techniques.
Authors: P. C. Elwood, A. Jacobs
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Arterial Occlusion in Lower Leg-Watt MEDICALJURNAI Occlusion of the posterior tibial artery is the commonest Lsion and isolated anterior tibial and combined anterior and posterior tibial occlusions are also common.The peroneal artery is rarely occluded as the sole lower-leg lesion.The incidence of lower-leg occlusion is high (45.6%)and rises steeply with increasing age.I wish to express my grateful thanks to my colleagues, Mr. W.
Morbidity of Laparoscopic Extraperitoneal versus Transperitoneal Radical Prostatectomy verus Open Retropubic Radical Prostatectomy
Authors: M. Remzi, H.C. Klingler, M.V. Tinzl, Y.K. Fong, M. Lodde, B. Kiss, M. Marberger
Journal: European Urology (2005)
Bullous pemphigoid localized to the mouth
Authors: J. Setterfield, S. J. Challacombe, M.M. Black
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Bullous pemphigoid localized to the mouth Get access J. Setterfield, J. Setterfield St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. J. Challacombe, S. J. Challacombe Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Guy's Hospital, London SE1 9RT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.M. Black M.M. Black St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 137, Issue 5, 1 November 1997, Page 825, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb01128.x Published: 01 November 1997
Reliability and Validity of American Medical Association's Guide to Ratings of Permanent Impairment
Authors: David S. Gloss
Journal: JAMA (1982)

We examined the American Medical Association's<i>Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment</i>rating schedule to determine whether this guide provided a reliable and valid assessment of hand impairment. A sample of 118 patients with permanent hand impairment was assessed using the guide. In addition, each patient underwent tests of finger dexterity, hand strength, hand-eye coordination, and the rate of manipulation. The reliability, based on the correlation between the two raters, was 0.75. For the injured hand, psychomotor test scores were highly correlated with the rating of permanent impairment in all cases. These differences were statistically significant for approximately two thirds of the cases. The guide's ratings showed both substantial reliability and accuracy with the various tests of hand function. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;248:2292-2296)
Periodic acid-SchifF (PAS) staining for glycogen in clinically normal psoriatic and non-psoriatic skin
Authors: LESLIE STANKLER, FREDERICK WALKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

PAS staining was used to assess the glycogen content of clinically normal forearm epidermis in 32 patients with active psoriasis, 30 patients with inactive psoriasis and 40 non-psoriatic subjects. Glycogen accumulation was greater in patients with active than in those with inactive psoriasis. The inactive psoriatics showed significantly less glycogen accumulation than the controls.
Current acceptance and implementation of preventive strategies for occupational hand eczema in 1355 metalworkers in Germany
Authors: B. Kütting, W. Weistenhöfer, T. Baumeister, W. Uter, H. Drexler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

The effectiveness of a skin care programme is based mainly on the effectiveness of the products used and the frequency and diligence of the application of skin care products.The present cross-sectional study was aimed at evaluating the implementation and acceptance of generally recommended skin protective means at the workplace.We included in our study 1355 metalworkers, employed in 19 factories, mainly of small or medium-size. The majority of participants were male (96.7%, n = 1310). The investigation included a standardized interview and a dermatological examination of the hands.More than half of all participants (52.4%) had suffered from skin problems of the hands at some time. Three hundred and ninety-six subjects (29%) indicated they followed the skin protection regimen as it was generally recommended, i.e. the use of barrier creams in combination with moisturizers. A similar number of participants (28%) denied any use of protective creams. In general, compliance in men was significantly poorer than in women. Participants with past or present history of hand eczema used both barrier creams and moisturizers significantly more often. The skin condition of the hands, examined using a quantitative score, did not differ significantly in the four subgroups defined by different skin protection measures. While acceptance of protective measures was limited, these were available in all factories.Although barrier creams and moisturizers are highly recommended as effective means to prevent irritant contact dermatitis in Germany, our data prove that the compliance of application in this group at special risk for hand eczema is extremely low.
Psychosomatics for All – Past, Present and Future
Authors: Cairns Aitken
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

It used to be fashionable to begin consideration of psychosomatics about philosophy of mind and body. Nowadays it is a topic about health and practical care of patients -principally about the psychological aspects of any illness. Pathogenesis is becoming understood with some risk factors clearly identifiable. The high incidence of symptoms attributable to emotional disturbance has now been described in so many conditions that it is altering the delivery of health services. The boundaries of psychosomatics are extending. No longer is the topic confined to a few chronic diseases, even including new ones like AIDS, but it now includes support for carers and education about behaviour for health, to name two currently important aspects. The responsibility for the biopsychosocial approach does not lie alone with doctors, and certainly not only psychiatrists, but the many professionals involved in clinical care. The aim is not simply reducing symptoms, but improving functional capabilities and preventing social disadvantage. The more the advance of knowledge, the more intriguing become the questions awaiting answers. The risk factors due to predisposition or unhealthy behaviour and stress still only account for a small contribution to aetiology. Coping mechanisms, whether in personality or social support, still defy enough understanding to predict which patients will develop emotional disturbance, and which patients will respond to appropriate treatment. Perhaps the most intriguing question is why, when certain relevant facts about unhealthy behaviour are beyond dispute, such as the effect of drinking excessive alcohol, smoking nicotine, having unsafe sex, poor family caring or receiving insensitive treatment, it remains so difficult to bring about improvement. The challenge is more than to advance knowledge, it is to educate everyone about the importance of psychosomatics.
Survivors of Prehospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Robert J. Myerburg, Kenneth M. Kessler, Liaqat Zaman, Cesar A. Conde, Agustin Castellanos
Journal: JAMA (1982)

BEFORE the early 1970s, the uniform fatality of prehospital cardiac arrest led research efforts almost exclusively to the fields of pathology and epidemiology. Then, with the development of community-based emergency medical systems (EMSs), clinical investigators developed an interest in the prognosis and management of survivors of prehospital cardiac arrest. The outcome of these efforts is summarized in this article. <h3>Mechanisms of Prehospital Cardiac Arrest</h3> The majority of prehospital cardiac arrests occur by the mechanism of ventricular fibrillation (VF), but other mechanisms, primarily ventricular tachycardia (VT) and various forms of bradyarrhythmias or asystole,<sup>1</sup>also may cause sudden and unexpected cardiovascular collapse. Of 352 consecutive events observed between 1975 and 1978, in which (1) the onset of cardiac arrest was witnessed, (2) the EMS personnel were summoned without delay, and (3) arrival on the scene was documented to have occurred within four minutes of summons (Fig 1), the initial rhythm recorded