Hemodialysis for Chronic Renal Failure
Authors: RICHARD B. FREEMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

Article1 March 1965Hemodialysis for Chronic Renal FailureI. Technical ConsiderationsRICHARD B. FREEMAN, M.D., JOHN F. MAHER, M.D., F.A.C.P., GEORGE E. SCHREINER, M.D., F.A.C.P.RICHARD B. FREEMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN F. MAHER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, GEORGE E. SCHREINER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-3-519 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe maintenance of life of patients with chronic renal insufficiency has been theoretically possible since the development of an experimental dialyzer by Abel, Rowntree, and Turner (1) in 1913 and has been practically possible since the development of the rotating drum dialyzer by Kolff (2) 20 years ago. Early attempts to treat chronic uremic patients by repeated hemodialysis were generally unsuccessful because of the limited number of blood vessel cannulation sites. It was not until a practical method of permanent cannulation was developed by Quinton, Dillard, and Scribner (3) in 1960 that the problem was largely solved. Since then it...References1. ABELROWNTREETURNER JJLGBB: The removal of diffusible substances from the circulating blood by means of dialysis. Trans. Ass. Amer. Physicians 28: 51, 1913. Google Scholar2. KOLFF WJ: New Ways of Treating Uraemia. J. & A. Churchill, Ltd., London, 1947. Google Scholar3. QUINTONDILLARDSCRIBNER WDBH: Cannulation of blood vessels for prolonged hemodialysis. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 6: 104, 1960. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. HEGSTROMMURRAYPENDRASBURNELLSCRIBNER RMJSJPJMBH: Hemodialysis in the treatment of chronic uremia. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 7: 136, 1961. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. HEGSTROMMURRAYPENDRASBURNELLSCRIBNER RMJSJPJMBH: Two years experience with periodic hemodialysis in the treatment of chronic uremia. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 8: 266, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. MERRILL JP: Chronic Intermittent Peritoneal Dialysis in the Treatment of Chronic Uremia. Proceedings of the 2nd International Congress of Nephrology, S. Karger, Basel, 1964. Google Scholar7. RUBINISOKOLGAYNORCOBURNMCCRAYGORDON MASJJS: Some preliminary experiences with chronic peritoneal dialysis. Clin. Res. 12: 72, 1964. Google Scholar8. LEONARDS J: Panel discussion on artificial kidneys. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 2: 127, 1956. Google Scholar9. WOLFREMPKILEYCURRIE AVDGJEGD: Artificial kidney function: kinetics of hemodialysis. J. Clin. Invest. 30: 1062, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar10. SITPRIJAHOLMES VJH: Preliminary observations on the change of intracranial pressure and intraoccular pressure during hemodialysis. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 8: 300, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar11. KENNEDYLINTONLUKERENFREW ACALRGS: Electroencephalographic changes during hemodialysis. Lancet 1: 408, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar12. KENNEDYLINTONEATON ACALJC: Urea levels in cerebrospinal fluid after hemodialysis. Lancet 1: 410, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar13. GILLILANDHEGSTROM KGRM: The effect of hemodialysis on cerebrospinal fluid pressure in uremic dogs. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 9: 44, 1963. MedlineGoogle Scholar14. DOSSETOROHDAYESPAPPIUS JBJHLHM: Brain urea and water changes with rapid hemodialysis in uremic dogs. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 323, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar15. KENNEDYLINTONRENFREWLUKEDINWOODIE ACALSRGA: The pathogenesis and prevention of cerebral dysfunction during dialysis. Lancet 1: 790, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar16. KRETCHMARGREENEWATERHOUSEPARRY LHWMCWWL: Repeated hemodialysis in chronic uremia. JAMA 184: 1030, 1963. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar17. BRUN C: Discussion. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 331, 1964. Google Scholar18. BROWNSCHREINER HWGE: Prolonged hemodialysis with bath refrigeration: the influence of dialyzer membrane thickness, temperature and other variables on performance. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 8: 187, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar19. BOWERMAGEE JPJH: The use of the Seattle hemodialysis system in renal homotransplantation. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 251, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar20. HOLMESNAKAMOTO JHS: Removal of fluid from the patient during hemodialysis. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 5: 58, 1959. Google Scholar21. KIIL F: Development of a parallel-flow artificial kidney in plastics. Acta Chir. Scand. (Suppl.) 253: 142, 1960. Google Scholar22. KIILGLOVER FJF: Parallel-flow plastic hemodialyzer as a membrane oxygenator. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 8: 43, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar23. FREEMANSETTERMAHERSCHREINER RBJGJFGE: Characteristics and comparative efficiencies of coil and parallel flow hemodialyzers. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 174, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar24. COLEPOLLARDMURRAY JJTLJS: Studies on the modified polypropylene Kiil dialyzer. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 9: 67, 1963. MedlineGoogle Scholar25. GONZALEZPABICOBROWNMAHERSCHREINER FMRCHWJFGE: Further experience with the use of routine intermittent hemodialysis in chronic renal failure. Ibid., p. 11. Google Scholar26. MAHERFREEMANSCHREINER JFRBGE: The maintenance of life in chronic renal failure. II. Biochemical and clinical aspects. Ann. Intern. Med. 62: 535, 1965. LinkGoogle Scholar27. MEYERSTRAFFONREESGUILDMERRILL RRASBWRJP: A laboratory and clinical evaluation of the Kolff coil kidney. J. Lab. Clin. Med. 51: 715, 1958. MedlineGoogle Scholar28. COLEQUINTONWILLIAMSMURRAYSHERRIS JJWECJSJC: The pumpless low temperature hemodialysis system. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 8: 209, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar29. GRIMSRUDCOLELEHMANRABBSCRIBNER LJJGAALBH: A central system for the continuous preparation and distribution of hemodialysis fluid. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 107, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar30. LEONARD E: Discussion. Ibid., p. 114. Google Scholar31. KAYEPOSEN MGA: Adaption of a Travenol kidney for chronic dialysis circuit. Ibid., p. 174. Google Scholar32. MAHERWEED FTLA: Removal of bacteria from fluid path of Skeggs-Leonards-Heisler artificial kidney by continuous millipore filtration. Proc. Mayo Clin. 38: 441, 1963. MedlineGoogle Scholar33. QUINTONDILLARDCOLESCRIBNER WEDHJSBH: Eight months experience with Silastic-Teflon bypass cannulas. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 8: 236, 1962. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar34. NAYMAN J: An arteriovenous shunt for use in acute renal failure. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 127, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar35. MAHERLAPIERRESCHREINERGEIGERWESTERVELT JFLGEMFB: Regional heparinization for hemodialysis: technique and clinical experiences. New Eng. J. Med. 268: 451, 1963. CrossrefGoogle Scholar36. GORDONSIMONRUKESRICHARDSPERKINS LAERJMVHA: Studies in regional heparinization. II. Artificial kidney hemodialysis without systemic heparinization—preliminary report of method using simultaneous infusion of heparin and protamine. New Eng. J. Med. 255: 1063, 1956. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar37. LINDHOLMMURRAY DCJS: A simplified method of regional heparinization during hemodialysis according to a predetermined dosage formula. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 92, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar38. ROBINSONVANDERVEER HJJB: Dysesthesia pedis. A heparin reaction. Arch. Intern. Med. (Chicago) 111: 71, 1963. CrossrefGoogle Scholar39. LYMAN DJ: New synthetic membranes for the dialysis of blood. Trans. Amer. Soc. Artif. Intern. Organs 10: 17, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar40. MARKLEFALBLENINGER RARDRI: Development of improved membranes for artificial kidney dialysis. Ibid., p. 22. Google Scholar41. MAHERYOUNGWATKINSBOLLMAN FTJVLEJL: Laboratory experiences with the Skeggs-Leonards artificial kidney. Proc. Mayo Clin. 31: 350, 1956. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, D. C.From the Department of Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, and the Renal & Electrolyte Division, Georgetown University Hospital, Washington, D. C.This work was supported by the John H. Hartford Foundation and the Georgetown University Kidney Research Fund, Washington, D. C.Dr. Freeman is supported in this study by the Heart Disease Control Program, Division of Chronic Diseases, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C.Requests for reprints should be addressed to John F. Maher, M.D., Director, Renal Clinic, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Rd., N.W., Washington, D. C. 20007. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByEvolution of Vascular AccessThe Importance of Divalent Ions to Blood Pressure Regulation during HemodialysisExtracorporeal and Peritoneal Dialysis of DrugsCalcium metabolism and maintenance hemodialysisDental management of patients with renal failure being treated by hemodialysisCurrent status of chronic hemodialysisEffects of uremia and chronic hemodialysis on the reproductive cycleThe Psychiatric Contribution to a Renal Unit Undertaking Chronic Haemodialysis and Renal HomotransplantationThe Artificial Kidney: Some Approaches to Improved Design and FunctionPsychological Assessment of Candidates for a Hemodialysis ProgramPATRICIA SAND, PH.D., GOODHUE LIVINGSTON, PH.D., ROBERT G. WRIGHT, M.D.Hemodialysis in the Home—13 Months' ExperienceCONSTANTINE L. HAMPERS, M.D., JOHN P. MERRILL, M.D., F.A.C.P.Death as a Result of Hyperglycemia Without Ketosis—A Complication of HemodialysisDANIEL J. POTTER, M.D.Hemodialysis for Chronic Renal Failure II. Biochemical and Clinical AspectsJOHN F. MAHER, M.D., F.A.C.P., RICHARD B. FREEMAN, M.D., GEORGE E. SCHREINER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Hemodialysis for Chronic Renal Failure IV. Psychological ConsiderationsEILEEN J. SHEA, R.N., M.S.N., DONALD F. BOGDAN, M.D., RICHARD B. FREEMAN, M.D., GEORGE E. SCHREINER, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 March 1965Volume 62, Issue 3Page: 519-534KeywordsAttentionCannulationChronic kidney diseaseHospital medicineMedical servicesRenal diseasesRenal failureResearch fundingTwinsUltrafiltration Issue Published: 1 March 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...