tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Air Pollution with Increased Incidence of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias Recorded by Implanted Cardioverter Defibrillators
Authors: Douglas W. Dockery, Heike Luttmann-Gibson, David Q. Rich, Mark S. Link, Murray A. Mittleman, Diane R. Gold, Petros Koutrakis, Joel D. Schwartz, Richard L. Verrier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated a consistent link between sudden cardiac deaths and particulate air pollution. We used implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) records of ventricular tachyarrhythmias to assess the role of air pollution as a trigger of these potentially life-threatening events. The study cohort consisted of 203 cardiac patients with ICD devices in the Boston metropolitan area who were followed for an average of 3.1 years between 1995 and 2002. Fine particle mass and gaseous air pollution plus temperature and relative humidity were measured on almost all days, and black carbon, sulfate, and particle number on a subset of days. Date, time, and intracardiac electrograms of ICD-detected arrhythmias were downloaded at the patients' regular follow-up visits (about every 3 months). Ventricular tachyarrhythmias were identified by electrophysiologist review. Risk of ventricular arrhythmias associated with air pollution was estimated with logistic regression, adjusting for season, temperature, relative humidity, day of the week, patient, and a recent prior arrhythmia. We found increased risks of ventricular arrhythmias associated with 2-day mean exposure for all air pollutants considered, although these associations were not statistically significant. We found statistically significant associations between air pollution and ventricular arrhythmias for episodes within 3 days of a previous arrhythmia. The associations of ventricular tachyarrhythmias with fine particle mass, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and black carbon suggest a link with motor vehicle pollutants. The associations with sulfate suggest a link with stationary fossil fuel combustion sources.
Delays in discharge affect 3500 elderly patients a day
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Every day up to 3500 elderly people remain in hospital despite being fit to leave, because arrangements for their ongoing care have not been finalised, say MPs.

A report by the House of Commons Public Accounts Committee says that although many delays last just a few days, a third of patients wait more than a month before they can leave hospital. The delays in discharge cost the NHS around £170m ($277m; €245m), or 1.7 million beds, a year.

The report recognises that the Department of Health and …
Air-Bag-Associated Rupture of the Right Atrium
Authors: Gilead I. Lancaster, John H. DeFrance, John J. Borruso
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: We recently encountered an unusual complication associated with the deployment of an automobile air bag. A 22-year-old woman was in a car traveling 10 to 15 mph that collided with a stopped car. The woman's car sustained relatively minor damage, but the air bag inflated. The woman became unconscious at the scene and was hypotensive when the emergency medical service arrived. No signs of trauma were detectable, and despite the aggressive administration of intravenous fluids, her blood pressure did not respond. Central venous pressure was 27.5 cm of water, and a pericardial effusion was noted on a . . .
A COMMON INJURY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE MODERN CHILD.
Authors: NORMAN BRIDGE
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Man's place in the universe is determined by the character and development of his nervous system. His brain and spinal cord preëminently determine his character and force. Defects of other organs, as heart, lungs, kidneys and spleen may destroy his life. But defect or weakness of brain and cord, while perhaps permitting him to live long, will handicap him perpetually. The conservation of the nervous system must be, from birth to death, of paramount importance. Next to the forces that make the general bodily strength and vigor, those that influence the development and automatism of the nervous system are most of all potent in determining the career of the individual; it is true of no other set of organs, as of the nervous system, that impressions and influences of very early life determine the final result. A child has the natural right to the most successful and complete career of
Congenital Absence of the Gallbladder
Authors: Elmer W. Heffernon
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Congenital absence of the gallbladder is a rare anomaly of the biliary tract. Recently, three additional patients were seen at the Lahey Clinic within a few months of each other. The approximate incidence of this anomaly, derived from autopsy statistics reported by Monroe and Ragen,<sup>1</sup>was 0.09 per cent (33 instances in a series of 35,626 necropsies). The reported incidence in children is 0.37 per cent, however, considerably higher than the over-all incidence, and in keeping with the higher incidence of all congenital anomalies in children. The anomaly is observed at necropsy about equally in both sexes. Clinically, it is observed about twice as often in females as in males, which is in accord with the usual sex ratio in surgical disease of the biliary tract —that is, the anomaly apparently occurs as often in men as in women, but disease of the biliary tract requiring operation is found
Supporting Community Efforts to Assist Orphans in Africa
Authors: Geoff Foster
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

As a result of the AIDS epidemic, an increasing number of children throughout the world have lost their parents. Africa has been hardest hit by the pandemic, and millions of children have been left orphaned. In this Sounding Board article, Foster, who works in a hospital in Zimbabwe, describes the scope of the problem and argues that external aid agencies must work with local communities to distribute resources effectively to assist children who have been orphaned.
The HIV-1 Virion-associated Protein Vpr Is a Coactivator of the Human Glucocorticoid Receptor
Authors: Tomoshige Kino, Alexander Gragerov, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Roland H. Stauber, George N. Pavlakis, George P. Chrousos
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1999)

The HIV-1 virion-associated accessory protein Vpr affects both viral replication and cellular transcription, proliferation, and differentiation. We report that Vpr enhances the activity of glucocorticoids in lymphoid and muscle-derived cell lines by interacting directly with the glucocorticoid receptor and general transcription factors, acting as a coactivator. Vpr contains the signature motif LXXLL also present in cellular nuclear receptor coactivators, such as steroid receptor coactivator 1 and p300/CREB-binding protein, which mediates their interaction with the glucocorticoid and other nuclear hormone receptors. A mutant Vpr molecule with disruption of this coactivator signature motif lost its ability to influence transcription of glucocorticoid-responsive genes and became a dominant-negative inhibitor of Vpr, possibly by retaining its general transcription factor–binding activities. The glucocorticoid coactivator activity of Vpr may contribute to increased tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity in the absence of hypercortisolism and to the pathogenesis of AIDS.
Blood lactate and respiratory muscle fatigue in patients with chronic airways obstruction.
Authors: N T Cooke, S H Wilson, S Freedman
Journal: Thorax (1983)

Blood lactate concentrations were measured in five patients with chronic airways obstruction after 10 minutes9 sustained maximal voluntary ventilation (SMVV) with end-tidal carbon dioxide tension kept constant and after a 12-minute walk. No patient showed a significant rise in blood lactate after SMVV but all showed evidence of low-frequency fatigue of the sternomastoid muscle. After a 12-minute walk three patients showed a significant rise in blood lactate and two of them also had evidence of low-frequency fatigue of the sternomastoid muscle. The absence of a rise in blood lactate after SMVV may be due to the fact that in patients with chronic airways obstruction ventilation is limited by airflow obstruction to a level where only a small muscle mass is used, or where the aerobic capacity of the respiratory muscles is not exceeded.
Microcystic cyanobacteria extract induces cytoskeletal disruption and intracellular glutathione alteration in hepatocytes.
Authors: W X Ding, H M Shen, C N Ong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

Microcystins are a group of highly liver-specific toxins, although their exact mechanisms of action remain unclear. We examined the effects of microcystic cyanobacteria extract (MCE) collected from a contaminated water source on the organization of cellular microtubules (MTs) and microfilaments (MFs) in hepatocytes. We also investigated the effects on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage and intracellular glutathione (GSH). Primary cultured rat hepatocytes exposed to MCE (equivalent to 125 microg/mL lyophilized algae cells) showed a characteristic disruption of MTs and MFs in a time-dependent manner. Under these conditions, MCE caused aggregation of MTs and MFs and a severe loss of MTs in some cells. Moreover, MCE-induced cytoskeletal alterations preceded the LDH leakage. On the other hand, the treatment of cells with MCE led to a dose-dependent increase of intracellular GSH. However, time-course study showed a biphasic change of intracellular GSH levels with a significant increase in the initial stage followed by a decrease after prolonged treatment. Furthermore, pretreatment with N-acetylcystein (NAC), a GSH precursor, significantly enhanced the intracellular GSH level and decreased the MCE-induced cytotoxicity as well as cytoskeleton changes. In contrast, buthionine-(S, R)-sulfoximine, a specific GSH synthesis inhibitor, increased the cell susceptibility to MCE-induced cytotoxicity by depleting the intracellular GSH level. These findings suggest that intracellular GSH plays an important role in MCE-induced cytotoxicity and cytoskeleton changes in primary cultured rat hepatocytes. Increasing intracellular GSH levels protect cells from MCE-induced cytotoxicity and cytoskeleton changes.
Meningeal Carcinomatosis in Breast Cancer
Authors: D L Ornstein, K Frederickson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Figure 1. A 49-year-old woman with progressive metastatic breast cancer despite aggressive chemotherapy was hospitalized with slurred speech, clumsiness of the right hand, and increasing lethargy. Examination revealed that the patient was somnolent but arousable, with dysarthria and dysmetria of the right arm. A cranial magnetic resonance image with gadolinium contrast medium (Panel A) demonstrated leptomeningeal enhancement, which was most prominent over the cerebellum (arrows). Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed an elevated protein concentration (121 mg per deciliter; normal range, 12 to 45), with normal glucose and glutamine concentrations. A Gram's stain was negative for microorganisms. Cytologic analysis (Panel . . .
ON ICHTHYOSIS HYSTRIX
Authors: GEORGE PERNET
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1911)

Journal Article ON ICHTHYOSIS HYSTRIX Get access GEORGE PERNET, M.D. GEORGE PERNET, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 23, Issue 10, 1 October 1911, Pages 332–333, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1911.tb16662.x Published: 01 October 1911
FATAL PERITONITIS DUE TO INFECTION WITH BACILLUS COLI
Authors: Arthur L. Grover
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The following case of septic peritonitis is of interest as it was proved to have resulted from infection with<i>Bacillus coli</i>, and as infection of the peritoneum with the colon bacillus, through the uterus, is somewhat rare. The material from this case was referred to this laboratory by Paul Reed, M.D., Nov. 7, 1912, with the following history: <h3>History.</h3> —Woman, aged 35, married, had a child, aged 4 months, and had menstruated atypically since delivery. She was ill for two days with severe pain in pelvis. Examination on third day showed no fever present but a foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and severe pain in pelvis. Next morning the patient had all signs of general peritonitis which rapidly grew worse. She died during the morning of the next day (fifth day after onset). The patient denied any attempt at abortion either by herself or by any one else. Her husband admitted that
Specific inhibition of eIF-5A and collagen hydroxylation by a single agent. Antiproliferative and fibrosuppressive effects on smooth muscle cells from human coronary arteries.
Authors: T A McCaffrey, K B Pomerantz, T A Sanborn, A M Spokojny, B Du, M H Park, J E Folk, A Lamberg, K I Kivirikko, D J Falcone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Restenosis occurs in 35% of patients within months after balloon angioplasty, due to a fibroproliferative response to vascular injury. These studies describe a combined fibrosuppressive/antiproliferative strategy on smooth muscle cells cultured from human primary atherosclerotic and restenotic coronary arteries and from normal rat aortas. L-Mimosine suppressed the posttranslational hydroxylation of the precursors for collagen and for eukaryotic initiation factor-5A (eIF-5A) by directly inhibiting the specific protein hydroxylases involved, prolyl 4-hydroxylase (E.C. 1.14.11.2) and deoxyhypusyl hydroxylase (E.C. 1.14.99.29), respectively. Inhibition of deoxyhypusyl hydroxylation correlated with a dose-dependent inhibition of DNA synthesis. Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylation caused a dose-dependent reduction in the secretion of hydroxyproline-containing protein and decreased the formation of procollagen types I and III. The antifibroproliferative action could not be attributed to nonspecific or toxic effects of mimosine, appeared to be selective for the hydroxylation step in the biosynthesis of the procollagens and of eIF-5A, and was reversible upon removal of the compound. The strategy of targeting these two protein hydroxylases has important implications for the pathophysiology of restenosis and for the development of agents to control fibroproliferative diseases.
TCT-740 Impact Of Post-Procedural Left Ventricular Geometric Patterns In Mortality After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Marco A. Magalhaes, Sa'ar Minha, Israel Barbash, lakshmana Pendyala, Joshua P. Loh, Hironori Kitabata, Al Fazir Omar, Salem Badr, Hideaki Ota, Rebecca Torguson, Steve Goldstein, Zuyue Wang, Fang Chen, Petros Okubagzi, Kenneth Kent, William O. Suddath, Lowell F. Satler, Augusto Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 1290: Impact on Door-to-Balloon Time of Integrating Prehospital Electrocardiograms Into Systems of Care: The Mayo Clinic Prehospital Electrocardiogram Program
Authors: Henry H Ting, Lucas A Myers, Christine M Bjerke, Ryan J Lennon, Jeffery L Schultz, David M Nestler, Malcolm R Bell, Charanjit S Rihal, Bernard J Gersh, David R Holmes, Roger D White
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Deficient IgA1 immune response to nasal cholera toxin subunit B in primary IgA nephropathy
Authors: Johan W. de Fijter, Jan W. Eijgenraam, Carine A. Braam, Jan Holmgren, Mohamed R. Daha, Leendert A. van Es, A. Warmold L. van den Wall Bake
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Selective expression of a VHIV subfamily of immunoglobulin genes in human CD5+ B lymphocytes from cord blood.
Authors: R A Mageed, L E MacKenzie, F K Stevenson, B Yuksel, F Shokri, B R Maziak, R Jefferis, P M Lydyard
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Human B lymphocytes expressing the CD5 surface antigen (CD5+ B cells) constitute a subset capable of producing polyspecific antibodies recognizing a variety of self antigens. The repertoire of antibodies produced by CD5+ and CD5- B cells is different. However, it is not yet established whether this distribution is reflected in different immunoglobulin variable region gene (IgV) use. Rearrangement of heavy chain IgV (IgVH) genes represents one of the first identifiable stages in the maturation of B cells, and occurs in a developmentally ordered fashion. The repertoire of IgVH gene expression is highly restricted during fetal life but diversifies progressively after birth. A high frequency of VH gene use from the relatively small VHIV gene family has previously been demonstrated in human fetal liver B cells. In the present study, 102 B cell lines established by Epstein-Barr Virus-transformation of separated CD5+ and CD5- cord blood B cells, were examined for the frequency of IgV expression using monoclonal antibodies to cross-reactive idiotypes (CRI). The results demonstrate a relatively high frequency of VHIV gene use (30%) in B cells from cord blood. Furthermore, two mutually exclusive CRI associated with distinct subgroups of the VHIV family are segregated in their association with either subset of B cells. One CRI is exclusively expressed in lines established from CD5+ B cells while the other is associated with lines established from CD5- B cells.
Correction: Biosis Services
Authors: ROBERT MARCHISOTTO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1979Correction: Biosis ServicesROBERT MARCHISOTTO, PH.D.ROBERT MARCHISOTTO, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-91-5-798_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We were very pleased to see Biological Abstracts and BioResearch Index mentioned in the article by William Beatty, "Searching the Literature and Computerized Services in Medicine," in the August issue (1). We noted several factual errors, however, that we wish to point out.Mr. Beatty states that "Biological Abstracts has no cumulated indexes" (p. 330). He implies that BioResearch Index also has no cumulated indexes. Both of these publications do have biannual cumulated indexes.In describing the coverage ofBioResearch Index(p. 330), Mr. Beatty includes neither review nor meeting literature in his list. In fact, more...Reference1. BEATTY W. Searching the literature and computerized services in medicine: guides and methods for the clinician. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:326-32. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1979Volume 91, Issue 5Page: 798-798KeywordsComputers Issue Published: 1 November 1979 PDF downloadLoading ...
P45 Investigating the feasibility of an on-line health resource integrated with nurse coach support for those with advanced COPD
Authors: J Young, F Early, K Homan, J Fuld, S Wisbauer
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Self-management may improve health status in chronic disease. It is not routinely embedded into COPD care. Pulmonary rehabilitation provides behaviour change opportunities but is not available to all. <h3>Aims</h3> To test the feasibility of a combined intervention (online health resource ‘The Prevention Plan’ (TPP) with nurse coach support) with a key aim to identify impact on activation for self-management. Secondary outcomes of interest were health-related quality of life, emotional functioning, information needs and exercise capacity. <h3>Method</h3> 17 patients were recruited (FEV1 &lt; 75% predicted (range 15–74, mean 38.01, SD 17.92). Hardware and internet access were provided. Patients had unlimited access to TPP, home visits, telephone contacts and email with the nurse coach. The nurse coach supported behaviour change through patient-led goal setting and techniques to enhance self-efficacy. Outcomes were followed up at 9–29 weeks (mean = 15) after joining the programme. Measures were patient activation (PAM), health-related quality of life (CRQ), anxiety and depression (HADS), information needs (LINQ) and GAIT test. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Qualitative analysis is underway and results will be reported separately. <h3>Results</h3> Mean age was 61.4 years (range 46 to 79), 9 female, 8 male. 14 patients completed follow-up assessments. 1 patient withdrew due to illness and two were unable to complete follow-up. Statistically significant improvement was found for activation (p = 0.0035, t = 3.56, df = 13), CRQ-fatigue (p = 0.0427, t = 2.25, df = 13), anxiety (p = 0.0444, t = 2.22, df = 13), information needs (p = 0.0001, t = 6.09, df = 13). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The intervention supported patients to become more activated for self-management. Patients showed increased confidence to manage their condition and strengthening of belief that taking an active role in managing their COPD was important. Secondary benefits related to fatigue, anxiety and feeling more informed about COPD. Qualitative analysis will illuminate these findings and explore intervention factors that led to greatest benefit.
Neuromuscular training reduces the risk of lower limb injuries
Authors: Steven J Kamper, Anne M Moseley
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

1. Hübscher M, 2. Zech A, 3. Pfeifer K, 4. et al . Neuromuscular training for sports injury prevention: a systematic review. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010;42:413–21. [OpenUrl][1][PubMed][2][Web of Science][3] Given the evidence that lower limb sprains, dislocations and ligament ruptures are responsible for a significant proportion of sporting injuries, measures to prevent these injuries have received considerable research attention. Exercise programs aimed at improving balance, proprioception and neuromuscular function are often recommended to athletes for this purpose. To synthesise the best available evidence to assess the effectiveness of proprioceptive/neuromuscular training in preventing sports injuries. Five key biomedical databases were searched for appropriate studies published up to October 2008 and the reference lists of all included articles and relevant reviews screened by hand. Eligible studies had to compare injury incidence among athletes in a group that received proprioceptive/neuromuscular training to that among athletes in a control … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DMedicine%2Band%2BScience%2Bin%2BSports%2Band%2BExercise%26rft.stitle%253DMedicine%2Band%2BScience%2Bin%2BSports%2Band%2BExercise%26rft.aulast%253DHubscher%26rft.auinit1%253DM.%26rft.volume%253D42%26rft.issue%253D3%26rft.spage%253D413%26rft.epage%253D421%26rft.atitle%253DNeuromuscular%2Btraining%2Bfor%2Bsports%2Binjury%2Bprevention%253A%2Ba%2Bsystematic%2Breview.%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F19952811%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=19952811&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fbjsports%2F45%2F1%2F75.atom [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000275324600001&link_type=ISI
Apparent spontaneous rupture of the spleen.
Authors: W E Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Percentage incidences of toxic effects of chemotherapy Symptoms Marrow depressionNausea or vomiting or both Mild 38 WBC 2 5-4O0 x 10;/1 46 ~~~~~~~~Svr 5 WBC <2-5 x 1091..2Oral ulceration .4