tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Collaterals, Blood Flow and Tissue Nutrition
Authors: Arthur C. Guyton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Helfant, Vokonas and Gorlin, in their article entitled "Functional Importance of the Human Coronary Collateral Circulation," point out the fallacy of believing that arteriographic visualization of collaterals in the coronary circulation of patients with angina is a favorable sign. Indeed, their results showed very little difference in myocardial nutrition, as measured by several different objective methods, between anginal patients whose collaterals could be visualized and those whose vessels could not. Though some research workers might question details of the study, the data are sufficient and clear enough that one can be almost certain that there is indeed little difference between . . .
Identification of Virus Components in Circulating Immune Complexes Isolated During Hepatitis A Virus Infection
Authors: Harold S. Margolis, Omana V. Nainan
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Circulating immune complexes were isolated by conglutinin affinity chromatography during the course of hepatitis A virus infection in a chimpanzee. Characterization of circulating immune complexes showed that most of the hepatitis A virus-specific antibody was IgM, that IgG was present and that C3d and fibronectin were also present. Hepatitis A virus capsid polypeptides were identified in the circulating immune complexes and polypeptides in the molecular weight range of 63 to 67 kDa having immunological determinants common to both C3d and hepatitis A virus. Hepatitis A virus-RNA was detected in these circulating immune complexes using the polymerase chain reaction for in vitro amplification of nucleic acid and suggests the circulating immune complexes contain intact virus.
Introduction to Neuroscience
Authors: Frank R. Freemon
Journal: JAMA (1972)

This book purports to introduce to the beginning student all of the neurologic sciences (ie, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, communication theory, psychobiology, neurochemistry). But the detailed descriptions of human neuroanatomy so overshadow the other contributions that the book cannot be recommended as an introduction to the neurosciences. The editor has himself written 14 of the 24 chapters, forming 284 of the 405 pages of text. After a moderately detailed description of topographic human brain anatomy, he plunges into an extensive exposition of functional neural pathways. Numerous clear diagrams illuminate the verbal descriptions. Throughout, the approach is traditional; for example, the editor uses the term extrapyramidal system without quotation marks or apology. The other ten chapters, written by nine contributors, vary considerably in their quality, but, in general, they do not match the editor's neuroanatomy in rigor, quality, or space allotted. Electrophysiology is covered in ten pages and psychobiology is restricted to only
Prediction of glomerular filtration rate from serum creatinine concentration in advanced chronic renal failure
Authors: Mackenzie Walser, Helen H. Drew, Joanna L. Guldan
Journal: Kidney International (1993)

In 85 patients with established chronic renal failure, as manifested by serum creatinine concentration ([Cr]) > 0.177 mM (> 2 mg/dl), urinary clearance of 99mTc-DTPA (GFR) and [Cr] were determined one to four times and averaged. GFR was expressed per 3 m2 of height2 rather than in terms of 1.73 m2 of surface area because weight changes but height does not. GFR in these patients averaged 13 ml/min/3 m2 (range 2 to 37). The following equations were derived for predicting GFR from [Cr]-1 (mM-1), age (years) and weight (kg): males, GFR = 7.57 [Cr]-1 - 0.103 age + 0.096 weight - 6.66; females, GFR = 6.05 [Cr]-1 - 0.08 age + 0.08 weight - 4.81. These equations predict GFR in this series with a root mean square error of 3.0 ml/min and account for 89% of the observed variation in GFR. They are applicable only to patients with [Cr] > 0.177 mM (2 mg/dl). More precise estimates can be obtained by including a value for 24-hour urinary urea N, as a measure of protein intake. Less precise but simpler estimates can be obtained from [Cr]-1 alone: males, GFR = 7.58 [Cr]-1 - 4.29; females, GFR = 6.11 [Cr]-1 - 3.8. Expressing [Cr] in mg/dl, the latter equations become: males, GFR = 86 [Cr]-1 - 4.29; females, GFR = 69 [Cr]-1 - 3.8.
Insulin resistance and low sympathetic nerve activity in the Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetic mouse: a new model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity
Authors: Akira Takahashi, Masahiro Tabuchi, Wataru Suzuki, Shoichi Iizuka, Mitsunobu Nagata, Yukinobu Ikeya, Shuichi Takeda, Tsutomu Shimada, Masaki Aburada
Journal: Metabolism (2006)
Mucosectomy in the Colon with Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Authors: H. Yamamoto, N. Yahagi, T. Oyama
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

The most important factor which predicts the probability of metastasis in early-stage cancers of the colon is the depth of cancer invasion. The probability of lymph node metastasis is minimal if cancer invasion is limited to within the mucosal layer. For superficial-type cancers, the size of the lesion is not as important as the depth of invasion in determining the risk of lymph node involvement. Large superficial tumors, so-called "laterally spreading tumors" (LST), in the colon have little tendency to vertical growth despite their lateral extension. Therefore, they are best removed by endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). To ensure the curativeness of the EMR, accurate histopathologic assessment of the resected specimens is essential, because a significant amount of submucosal invasion of the tumor suggests considerable risk of lymph node metastasis, which necessitates additional surgery.
Book Review American Health Quackery By James Harvey Young. 299 pp., illustrated. Princeton, N.J., Princeton University Press, 1992. $24.95. ISBN 0–691–04782–0. Guide to the American Medical Association Historical Health Fraud and Alternative Medicine Collection Edited by Arthur W. Hafner, with James G. Carson and John F. Zwicky. 215 pp., illustrated. Chicago, American Medical Association, 1992. $45. ISBN 0–89970–441–7 .
Authors: Victor Herbert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
Private-Party Gun Sales, Regulation, and Public Safety
Authors: Garen J. Wintemute, Anthony A. Braga, David M. Kennedy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

In 2007, a total of 12,632 people in the United States were murdered with firearms, and it is estimated that another 48,676 were treated in hospitals for gunshot wounds received in assaults. Guns are frequently used to commit crimes in the United States, partly because they are so easy to get. This ease of access, in turn, is partially attributable to the fact that there are two systems of retail gun commerce in this country, one involving licensed gun retailers and the other based on private-party gun sellers, and only the former of these systems is regulated. Some 85% of . . .
Education team of the year: innovative approaches to support better care
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Large numbers of claim files present a potentially valuable source of information to get insight on possibilities for prevention of claims. Therefore, the feasibility of root cause analyses on incidents leading to liability claims at The Netherlands9 largest medical liability insurer was assessed. <h3>Methods</h3> Feasibility was defined by validity, reliability and applicability. Claim files from diagnostic errors in emergency departments of Dutch hospitals were selected. All closed and settled claim files from the year 2001 and 2002 were used. <h3>Results</h3> Fifty incidents occurring at 31 emergency departments were found in 47 files. 114 root causes were found, on average 2.3 per incident. 78% of the incidents were related to missed fractures, luxations or tendon lesions. Zero technical, 29% organisational, 66.7% human-related and 4.4% patient-related factor errors were found. Inter-rater agreement for classification of root causes was good (κ=0.78). Preventive measures following from Prevention and Recovery Information System for Monitoring and Analysis (PRISMA) classification–action matrix were improving completion of available sources of information, improving structures of communication and training staff to prevent failures due to the wrong implementation of tasks or due to errors in reasoning. <h3>Discussion</h3> Validity of the root cause profile of diagnostic claims is considered moderate because of a lack of information about technical and organisational causes of errors. Therefore, the root cause profile was incomplete for organisational factors in comparison with other studies. However, with regard to the diagnostic reasoning process, the profile was stable. The feasibility of PRISMA for retrospective analyses of closed claims may be improved if system-based reasoning by the liability insurer and hospital staff is enhanced.
Clarithromycin-Related Toxic Effects of Digoxin
Authors: Shari R. Midoneck, Orli R. Etingin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

To the Editor: Digitalis glycosides and macrolide antibiotics are both commonly prescribed medications. Erythromycin prolongs the clearance of digoxin by altering the flora in the distal portion of the intestine that metabolizes digoxin to various inactive compounds that can be found in the stool and urine. When erythromycin is ingested by patients receiving oral or intravenous digoxin, the formation of these metabolites decreases and serum digoxin concentrations increase substantially.1 Clarithromycin may have a similar effect on the metabolism of digoxin. We report the occurrence of elevated serum digoxin concentrations and toxic effects of digoxin during clarithromycin therapy in a patient . . .
MECHANISM OF THE ANTIEDEMIC ACTION OF EPINEPHRIN
Authors: J. D. PILCHER
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Epinephrin is widely used against the phenomena of urticaria; the mechanism of this action seems not to have been solved. This question was therefore investigated in a study of the phenomena of wheal production from the intradermal injection of codein solution; such an injection of codein (0.15 c.c. of a 1: 1,000 solution in saline solution) forms a wheal averaging about 1.3 cm. in diameter surrounded by a flushed area about 4 cm. in diameter, the reaction being practically indistinguishable from an urticarial lesion of similar size which often follows the injection of therapeutic serums. The reaction attains the maximum within from ten to fifteen minutes and has usually faded entirely in an hour or thereabouts. The edema of the wheal site is due to increased permeability of the minute skin vessels. 1 The experiments were made on a number of infants and children and the results are as follows:
The Health Care System in India
Authors: Alton I. Sutnick, Yuri I. Puchkov
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Abroad1 October 1980The Health Care System in IndiaALTON I. SUTNICK, M.D., YURI I. PUCHKOV, M.D.ALTON I. SUTNICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, YURI I. PUCHKOV, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-93-4-634 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe people of India are an ancient people, but the nation is a relatively new, evolving, developing country, still in transformation, having become a fully independent and united country only in 1947. India has a large area, one third that of the United States, but is inhabited by three times the population, about 640 million people. India comprises states and union territories with different languages, customs, and cultures. The states have a great deal of autonomy in the Indian government, notably in health services administration, with support and assistance from the central government.India's health problems relate closely to the... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ALTON I. SUTNICK, M.D.; YURI I. PUCHKOV, M.D.Affiliations: Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Academy of Medical Sciences Moscow Union of Soviet Socialist Republics PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBCancer control in India: a multinational approach involving the USA and the USSR. 1 October 1980Volume 93, Issue 4Page: 634-635KeywordsHealth careMedical services ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Immune mediated agranulocytosis and anemia associated with thymoma
Authors: Kathy Postiglione, Richard Ferris, Jeffrry P. Jaffe, David Stroncek
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract Thymoma has been associated with a variety of autoimmune disorders. We report a case of agranulocytosis and anemia in a 68‐year‐old woman with a spindle cell thymoma. She was unresponsive to treatment with antibiotics, granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor (G‐CSF), prednisone, and high‐dose intravenous immunoglobulin. Serial bone marrow examinations on this therapy showed progression from a cellular marrow with mild my‐eloid and erythroid hyperplasia and lymphocytosis, to granulocyte aplasia and severe erythroid hypoplasia. Her serum contained granulocyte‐specific antibodies and inhibited the growth in culture of her own marrow cells and marrow cells from a normal donor. An IgG fraction from her serum also inhibited the growth of marrow cells. Although the patient's spindle cell thymoma was surgically removed, she remained neutropenic. She was treated with six plasma exchanges followed by 1,000 milligrams of intravenous cyclophosphamide 2 days after the final plasma exchange and daily G‐CSF. Three weeks later her peripheral blood showed marked leukocytosis with pronounced neutrophilia and a left shift. Although her agranulocytosis resolved, she died of fungal sepsis. This case demonstrates that aggressive plasma exchange and immunosuppressive therapy may benefit patients with agranulocytosis associated with thymoma. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Daunomycin, Adriamycin, and Recall Effect
Authors: DAVID BAER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 August 1976Daunomycin, Adriamycin, and Recall EffectDAVID BAER, M.D., LEE S. WILKINSON, M.D.DAVID BAER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LEE S. WILKINSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-2-259_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Recent reports (1, 2) of varieties of "recall phenomena" associated with adriamycin administration prompt us to describe a similar event in a patient given daunomycin after adriamycin.A 28-year-old woman was found on routine examination to have a 3-cm mass in her right anterior cervical triangle. After the mass enlarged during observation, an excisional biopsy showed a diffuse, poorly differentiated, lymphocytic lymphoma. The tumor was invading the surrounding soft tissue. Staging procedures (including bilateral iliac crest biopsies, a lymphangiogram, a gallium scan, and a staging laparotomy) failed to show disease outside of the clinically involved area. Because...References1. DONALDSON S, GLICK J, and WILBER J: Adriamycin activating a recall phenomenon after radiation therapy. Ann Intern Med 81:407-408, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar2. COHEN S, DIBELLA N, and MICHALAK J: Recall injury from adriamycin. Ann Intern Med 83:232, 1975 LinkGoogle Scholar3. YATES J, WALLACE H, and ELLISON R: Cytosine arabinoside and daunorubicin therapy in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Chemother Rep 57:485-488, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar4. D'ANGIO G, FARBER S, and MADDOCK C: Potentiation of x-ray effects by Actinomycin D. Radiology 73:175-177, 1959 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. BLUM R and CARTER S: Adriamycin. A new anticancer drug with significant clinical activity. Ann Intern Med 80:249-259, 1974 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: DAVID BAER, M.D.; LEE S. WILKINSON, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine Kaiser-Permanente Medical Center San Francisco, CA 94115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCutaneous Reactions to Chemotherapy and their ManagementHistopathologic Features Seen with Radiation Recall or Enhancement EruptionsReducing the Morbidity From Extravasation InjuriesMethotrexate-Induced Radiation RecallSevere Tissue Necrosis After Cisplatin Extravasation at Low Concentration: Possible “Immediate Recall Phenomenon”Cutaneous complications of chemotherapeutic agentsNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma and acute myeloblastic leukemia.A report of 12 cases and review of the literatureRadiotherapy and chemotherapy in combined clinical trials: Problems and promise 1 August 1976Volume 85, Issue 2Page: 259-260KeywordsBiopsyGallium scanLaparotomyLymphomaSoft tissues ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
TCT-367 Gender impact on patients treated with drug-eluting stents – 3 year follow-up data
Authors: Fazilatum Nesa Malik, William Wijns, Dezsö Apró, Gérard Finet, Jacques Monsegu, Damras Tresukosol, David Hildick-Smith, Ciro Indolfi, Amerigo Stabile, Gian Battista Danzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Administration of DAB389IL-2 to patients with recalcitrant psoriasis: A double-blind, phase II multicenter trial
Authors: Jerry Bagel, W.Thomas Garland, Debra Breneman, Michael Holick, T.W. Littlejohn, David Crosby, Holly Faust, David Fivenson, Jean Nichols
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1998)
Lessons Derived from Ten Years' Experience of the Special Baby-care Unit in a Maternity Hospital
Authors: W. S. Craig, M. Pattullo
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Undoubtedly a neoplasm, this fatal condition still causes much discussion about whether it should or should not be regarded as a tumour of the reticuloendothelial system.Although its distribution is unusual and exceptionally extensive it does mimic most closely the distribution of multiple myeloma.It also has certain resemblances to chloroma.So far as our present knowledge goes it would seem reasonable therefore to continue to classify it among the reticuloendothelial tumours.It is extremely difficult to decide whether the tumour is multicentric or unicentric.In a number of instances in Ibadan widespread involvement of bone-marrow has been found, although, in our experience, the disease never evolves into leukaemia.On the other hand, the association of ovarian and kidney deposits and the association of cardiac and mediastinal gland deposits would tend to favour metastatic spread.Our general impression is that in the early stages the tumour is unicentric.Burkitt (1962) has suggested that the altitude and temperature of the areas in Africa where the tumour has been recorded, and its age incidence, are factors which are suggestive of an arthropod-borne causal agent-possibly viral.The age incidence recorded in Ibadan is similar to that recorded in East Africa, and would once again, perhaps, favour an agent affecting young children to which immunity is gained later in childhood by the majority of the population.These remarks are, of course, at present purely speculative and much intensive research remains to be done on all aspects of this tumour, which is so distressingly frequent in many parts of Africa. SummaryThe crude and age-specific rates of the Burkitt tumour in Ibadan, Western Nigeria, have been assessed.When all age- groups were considered the tumour was found to be second in incidence only to carcinoma of the cervix, and it was by far the most common malignancy seen in childhood, being many times more common than leukaemia in the American negro in comparable age-groups.
Isotope Angiography and Blood Pool Imaging as a Procedure for Assessing Radiation-induced Injuries to the Hands
Authors: SANJAY RAINA, A M SAMUEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The authors discuss radioisotope angiography and blood pool imaging for assessing radiation-induced injuries to the hands and the deterioration or improvement in status during follow-up. Two industrial radiographers in two separate accidents were exposed to 22 Ci to 25 Ci of a Co-60 for 2 to 3 minutes each in February 1985. Subsequently, besides routine clinical examinations and other tests, they underwent a series of amputations and grafts in the digits of the hands. A first-pass study with Tc-99m sodium pertechnetate followed by delayed RBC labeled blood pool imaging was performed in September 1988 in both patients. Both had a reduced flow of tracer to the more affected hand and the affected digits. A repeat study performed in March 1989 revealed improvement in perfusion to the more affected hand in the first patient and no change in the second. Delayed blood pool imaging did not reveal any change. The improvement in flow also coincided with the reduction of pain in the affected digits of the first patient. The authors conclude that isotope angiography followed by delayed blood pool imaging is a simple, noninvasive procedure to assess radiation-induced damage to extremities and to evaluate deterioration or improvement during follow-up.
Postural Electrocardiographic Changes in Healed Myocardial Infarction
Authors: BERNARD L. BROFMAN, HAROLD FEIL, HERMAN K. HELLERSTEIN, A. MORGAN JONES
Journal: Circulation (1951)

An electrocardiographic study of 110 patients with old myocardial infarction was made. Change of posture, by causing rotation of the heart on its axes, frequently altered the evidence of infarction. These changes were most evident in posterior infarction. The "labeled" area did the following with respect to the exploring electrode: (1) disappeared, (2) if absent in the supine posture, the evidence appeared in one or more of the other postures, and (3) shifted from one exploring electrode position to another.
Magnetic loop basket: a “two-in-one” instrument
Authors: S. Nijhawan, M. Rastogi, M. Tandon, P. Mallikarjun, V. Singh, A. Mathur, R. Rai
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Background and study aims: Ingested coins are the most common foreign bodies encountered in the upper gastrointestinal tract in India and if they remain in the stomach for more than 5 days they need to be removed. Ferromagnetic retrieval instruments only work if the coins are ferromagnetic; and it is difficult to maneuver a loop basket in the fundus of the stomach. A magnetic loop basket was designed in an effort to overcome these difficulties and we assessed its feasibility, safety, and effectiveness in the removal of coins from the fundus of the stomach.
UNUSUAL CASE OF EARLY AXILLARY METASTASIS IN CARCINOMA OF THE BREAST
Authors: Hersel E. Butka
Journal: JAMA (1925)

The finding of a palpable gland in the axilla per se would not warrant a diagnosis of malignancy without its association with a mass in the breast. However, as is well illustrated by this case, a mass in the axilla should not be passed over lightly, but should be investigated when there is any reasonaly doubt as to its origin. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> Mrs. C. Q. W., aged 45, entered the service of Dr. Thomas McHugh, White Memorial Hospital, Feb. 12, 1925, complaining of some slight pain and a small lump noticeable in the left arm pit. This lump was first noticed one week previously, and was accompanied by some pain and soreness. The patient thought that at first there was some soreness in the left breast, but it was not noticeable at examination. The patient felt discomfort when lying on the left side. Physical examination revealed a lump in