tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Studies in Hodgkin's Syndrome X. The Morphology and Growth Patterns of Explant Cells Cultivated in Vitro
Authors: Herman A. Hoster, Margaret S. Reiman, Margaret Z. Ford, Irene R. Stern
Journal: Cancer Research (1950)

Summary  1.A tissue culture study and classification of 50 Hodgkin9s lymph nodes at biopsy has resulted in the designation of the following two histologic groups:Type I: the granule-containing, free cell, macrophage and reticulum-cell type, Ia, the network or fixed cell fibroblast type, and I-Ia—a combination of I and Ia.Type II: the granule-free, free cell, “abortive fibroblast” type.  2.An unsuccessful attempt to correlate differences in tissue culture types with differences in fixed tissue biopsy sections is described. Further observations are needed to confirm or deny the existence of certain minor clinical differences among patients classified by tissue culture as type I, Ia, and type II.
DISEASE OF THE LIVER ASSOCIATED WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: J. ARNOLD BARGEN, M.D., F.A.C.P.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

ExcerptFor many years we have been aware that disturbance of liver function and secondary disease of the liver occur among patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis. As early as 1930 Giffin and I1 reported cases of a condition which we called "infectious hepatosplenomegaly," and which, in many ways, resembled Banti's disease, although it usually occurred in young people. In most of the cases which we reported at that time the ultimate cause of death was cirrhosis of the liver and hepatic failure.Some years later, Comfort, Morlock and I2reviewed four cases in which disease of the liver, with jaundice, had...
Abstract 11973: Newly Created Animal Model of Human Post-Operative Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia
Authors: Jeffrey P Moak, Marco A Mercader, Dingchao He, Gregory Trachiotis, Xiyan Li, Henry Blicharz, Gerard R Martin, Richard A Jonas
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) complicates the post-operative (PO) recovery from open heart surgery (OHS) in children (5-15% incidence). JET risk factors include younger age, an...
Coronary Calcium Score Improves Classification of Coronary Heart Disease Risk in the Elderly
Authors: Suzette E. Elias-Smale, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart Proença, Michael T. Koller, Maryam Kavousi, Frank J.A. van Rooij, Myriam G. Hunink, Ewout W. Steyerberg, Albert Hofman, Matthijs Oudkerk, Jacqueline C.M. Witteman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Why science and synchronized swimming should not be Olympic sports
Authors: Neil Hall
Journal: Genome biology (2012)

The brief, for my intermittent comment column for Genome Biology, was to give a UK perspective while keeping it interesting for an international audience. That's a tough brief. There is little reason for people to take an interest in events taking place in a rainy windswept island, famous mostly for bad food, greedy bankers and reality shows. Recently, though, because of the London 2012 Olympics, the focus of the world's attention has briefly flitted in our direction. So, while basking in our reflected Olympic glory, I will start with sport.

In the UK we can be rightly proud of the fact that (as the head of the International Olympic Committee pointed out) we as a nation have done much to codify many Olympic sports. But this probably points to a national failing: we love rules, we love measuring performance and hence we love inventing sports. That's why we invented cricket; it has loads of obscure rules and loads of complex performance statistics. A game that can take 5 days and has to stop for rain or bad light (in England!) was not invented for the drama or spectacle. Our obsession with performance metrics is not just limited to sport; the government has taken to measuring and publishing the performance of everything from schools and hospitals to police forces and train operators. They have even tried to quantify our national happiness (http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/wellbeing/measuring-national-well-being/summary-of-proposed-domains-and-measures/summary-of-proposed-domains-and-measures-of-national-well-being.html).

Sportsmen and -women can obsess about measuring their performance and gauging it against their past performance and the performance of others, but researchers are quite different. In academia we don't like other people judging what we do (or even defining what we do) and we tend not to like metrics designed to measure our performance. But many years ago, UK government decided to ignore these protestations from our ivory towers and created a mechanism for measuring research quality called the Research Excellence Framework (or REF for short). REF is the reason that some readers may have noticed UK-based collaborators acting increasingly strangely, maybe looking stressed and distant, obsessing about impact factors and questioning the value of everything they do against impenetrable metrics.
The architecture of diagnostic research: From bench to bedside-research guidelines using liver stiffness as an example
Authors: Agostino Colli, Mirella Fraquelli, Giovanni Casazza, Dario Conte, Dimitrinka Nikolova, Piergiorgio Duca, Kristian Thorlund, Christian Gluud
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

The diagnostic research process can be divided into five phases, designed to establish the clinical utility of a new diagnostic test—the index test. The aim of the present review is to illustrate the study designs that are appropriate for each diagnostic phase, using clinical examples regarding liver fibrosis diagnosed with transient elastography, when possible. Phase 0 is the preclinical pilot phase during which the validity, reliability, and reproducibility of the index test are assessed in healthy and diseased people. Phase I is designed to describe the distribution of the index test results in healthy people and its normal values. Phase IIA comprises studies designed to estimate the accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) of the index test in discriminating between diseased and nondiseased people in a clinically relevant population. Phase IIB studies allow the comparison of the accuracy of different index tests; Phase IIC studies aim to evaluate the possible harms of incorporating the index test in a diagnostic-therapeutic strategy. In phase III, diagnostic test-therapeutic randomized clinical trials aim to assess the benefits and harms of the new diagnostic-therapeutic strategy versus the present strategy. Phase IV comprises large surveillance cohort studies that aim to assess the effectiveness of the new diagnostic-therapeutic strategy in clinical practice. Conclusion : As common in clinical research, giving excessive weight to the results of single studies and trials is likely to divert from the totality of evidence obtained through the systematic reviews of these studies, conducted with rigorous methodology and statistical methods. (Hepatology 2014;60:408-418)
Abstract 2147: Utility of Multichannel Holter ECG Recording at the Third Intercostal Space to Diagnose A Type 1 Brugada ECG; Comparison with Repeated 12-Lead ECGs
Authors: Kenji Shimeno, Masahiko Takagi, Keiko Maeda, Hiroaki Tatsumi, Atsushi Doi, Minoru Yoshiyama
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The detection of a type 1 Brugada ECG is essential for diagnosis and risk stratification in Brugada syndrome. In this study, we evaluated the detection rate of a type 1 ECG on the multichannel Holter ECG, compared with the 12-lead ECGs recorded repeatedly. We enrolled consecutive 60 patients who had eventually exhibited a diagnostic type 1 ECG in the presence or absence of Na+ channel blockers at either standard or the third intercostal position. All patients underwent 12-lead ECGs recorded at both standard and the third intercostal position at least 5 times between 0 p.m and 2 p.m (4L-ECGs, 3L-ECGs, respectively). The 24-hour Holter ECG was performed in all patients, using a 12-lead Holter recording system. The precordial electrodes were attached at the standard position of V1, V2, V5, V6 and the third intercostal space of V1 and V2 (V1 IC3 , V2 IC3 , respectively). The leads V1 and V2, and V1 IC3 and V2 IC3 on the Holter ECG were expressed as 4L-Holter and 3L-Holter, respectively. The diagnostic type 1 ECG on the Holter ECG was defined as a presence of a coved-type ST-segment elevation &gt;0.2mV over continuous 60 seconds at least one lead. We evaluated the detection rate of the type 1 ECG in 4L-ECGs, 3L-ECGs, 4L-Holter and 3L-Holter, and compared them among the 4 different recording methods. Among 60 patients, the patients showing the type 1 ECG on 4L-ECGs, 3L-ECGs, 4L-Holter and 3L-Holter were 15 (25%), 26 (43.3%), 23 (38.3%) and 33 patients (55%), respectively. The detection rate in 3L-ECGs and 3L-Holter was significantly larger than that in 4L-ECGs (p=0.03, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Additionally, in 8 (23.5%) out of 34 patients with drug-induced type 1 ECG at standard and/or the third intercostal position, a spontaneous type 1 ECG was detected in 3L-Holter. Although the detection rate of a type 1 ECG in 3L-Holter was not significantly different with that in 3L-ECGs, the 3L-Holter was the most sensitive to detect a type 1 ECG among the 4 recording methods. In patients with Brugada type ECG, the Holter ECG recorded in the right precordial leads at the third intercostal space is more sensitive method to detect a diagnostic type 1 ECG than repeated 12-lead ECGs or the Holter ECG at standard position.
Abstract 12936: Bivalirudin versus Unfractionated Heparin for Residual Thrombus Burden: A Frequency-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Rocco Vergallo, Russell Joye, Peter Barlis, Haibo Jia, Jinwei Tian, Tsunenari Soeda, Yoshiyasu Minami, Sining Hu, Harold L Dauerman, Catalin Toma, James Chan, Hang Lee, Luigi M Biasucci, Filippo Crea, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The efficacy of bivalirudin to inhibit thrombus formation inside the stent during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) as compared to unfractionated heparin (UFH) is unknown. Aim: This study aimed to compare the effect of bivalirudin and UFH on residual thrombus burden assessed by frequency-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), and on angiographic indices of microvascular obstruction (MVO). Methods: Sixty patients with coronary artery disease who underwent post-PCI FD-OCT were studied, including 20 patients treated with bivalirudin and 40 control patients treated with UFH, matched by clinical presentation, stent characteristics, and periprocedural medications. In-stent thrombus volume, thrombus score (number of quadrants with thrombus), and thrombus type (white/red) were assessed by FD-OCT. Thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) flow grade, corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC), and Quantitative Blush Evaluator (QuBE) score were recorded. Results: Patients treated with bivalir...
Abstract A31: Revisited use of tamoxifen for improving melanoma therapy
Authors: Samy A.F Morad, Lance C. Bridges, Myles C. Cabot
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The rapid increase in the incidence of malignant melanoma, a highly aggressive, drug-resistant cancer, has not been accompanied by significant therapeutic breakthroughs for decades, despite the introduction of biochemotherapies. The Dartmouth regimen, of which tamoxifen is a standard component, has also had little impact on outcome. Therefore, examination of alternative melanoma vulnerabilities is essential. Sphingolipid (SL) metabolism is an area of cancer science that has recently risen to prominence. This is because ceramide, the aliphatic backbone of SL's, can act as a powerful tumor censor. However, cancer cells rapidly inactivate ceramide via two major metabolic routes: glycosylation to form glucosylceramide and hydrolysis, which generates sphingosine 1-phosphate, a mitogenic SL. These actions severely blunt ceramide anticancer properties, thwarting potential utility in treatment. Our previous work has shown that tamoxifen is a potent inhibitor of ceramide metabolism at glycosylation and hydrolysis. Herein, we exploit these unique actions and pair tamoxifen with a cell-permeable ceramide, C6-ceramide, and demonstrate that this novel drug duo, unlike the single agents, was highly effective in inhibiting melanoma cell (A375 and cell lines established from patients) proliferation, inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis, promoting cell cycle arrest, diminishing cellular adhesion and migration, reducing cell surface expression of integrins, and downregulating expression of the main source of drug resistance in melanoma, survivin, all essential elements of a drug regimen useful for limiting melanoma growth. Because integrin expression often correlates with conversion of melanoma growth from radial to vertical, we propose that tamoxifen can serve as an effective adjuvant to C6-ceramide for countering metastatic potential. Whereas the role of tamoxifen in the Dartmouth regimen has always remained elusive, its role as a ceramide sensitizer is clear and presents novel inroads for improving melanoma therapy. Citation Format: Samy A.F Morad, Lance C. Bridges, Myles C. Cabot. Revisited use of tamoxifen for improving melanoma therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr A31.
Immune response profiles in human skin
Authors: T. Meyer, E. Stockfleth, E. Christophers
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

In addition to the function as a physical barrier human skin has been shown to be an important immune organ displaying various defense mechanisms, which can be divided into three major functional compartiments: (i) Epithelial defense, which is characterized by antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AP) and which can be induced in inflammatory lesions but also in the absence of inflammation. (ii) Innate‐inflammatory immunity, which involves recognition of microbial compounds by particular receptors like Toll‐like receptors (TLR) and subsequent activation of signalling pathways resulting in expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and interferons, as well as genes of adaptive immunity. Interferon α (IFNα) produced by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DC) may stimulate myeloid DC to produce IL‐12 resulting in classical T‐cell activation or to produce IL‐23 activating IL‐17 producing T‐cells (IL‐23/IL‐17 pathway). (iii) Adaptive immunity, which is based on antigen presenting cells, T‐cells and B‐cells and which is characterized by specificity and memory. In contrast to epithelial defense and innate‐inflammatory immunity, adaptive immune functions provide slowly reacting protection. Recent improvements of our knowledge of dysregulated immune pathways associated with inflammatory skin diseases represent an important basis of novel immunomodulatory treatment modalities.
Functional Mapping of Multiple Myeloma Kinome Using a Small Molecule Inhibitor Library
Authors: Eugen Dhimolea, Emily King, Michal Sheffer, Yiguo Hu, Subhashis Sarkar, Megan Murnane, Megan A. Bariteau, Blake T. Aftab, Constantine S. Mitsiades
Journal: Blood (2014)
The economic crisis and infectious disease control
Authors: M Suhrcke, M McKee, D Stuckler, J E Suk, S Tsolova, J C Semenza
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

Preview this article: The economic crisis and infectious disease control, Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/14/45/art19401-en-1.gif
West Nile Clinical Trial
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Synthesis of Hemoglobin AIc and Related Minor Hemoglobins by Erythrocytes
Authors: Kenneth M. Spicer, Robert C. Allen, David Hallett, Maria G. Buse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Factors that influence hemoglobin (Hb)A(Ic) synthesis by intact erythrocytes were studied in vitro. After incubation cells were lysed, and hemoglobins were separated by isoelectric focusing on polyacrylamide slab gels and quantitated by microdensitometry. HbA(Ic) increased with time, glucose concentrations (5-500 mM), and incubation temperature (4 degrees -37 degrees C). Low temperatures allowed prolonged incubations with minimal hemolysis. At 4 degrees C HbA(Ic) increased linearly with time for 6 wk; after incubation at the highest glucose concentration, HbA(Ic) comprised 50% of total hemoglobin. Insulin (1 and 0.1 mU/ml) did not affect HbA(Ic) synthesis in vitro. In addition to glucose, galactose and mannose, but not fructose, served as precursors to HbA(Ic). A good substrate for hexokinase (2-deoxyglucose) and a poor hexokinase substrate (3-O-methylglucose), were better precursors for HbA(Ic) synthesis than glucose, suggesting that enzymatic phosphorylation of glucose is not required for HbA(Ic) synthesis. Autoradiography after erythrocyte incubation with (32)P-phosphate showed incorporation of radioactivity into HbA(Ia1) and A(Ia2), but not HbA(Ib), A(Ic), or A. Acetylated HbA, generated during incubation with acetylsalicylate, migrated anodal to HbA(Ic) and clearly separated from it. Erythrocytes from patients with insulinopenic diabetes mellitus synthesized HbA(Ic) at the same rate as controls when incubated with identical glucose concentrations. Likewise, the rate of HbA(Ic) synthesis by erythrocytes from patients with cystic fibrosis and congenital spherocytosis paralleled controls. When erythrocytes from cord blood and from HbC and sickle cell anemia patients were incubated with elevated concentrations of glucose, fetal Hb, HbC, and sickle Hb decreased, whereas hemoglobins focusing at isoelectric points near those expected for the corresponding glycosylated derivatives appeared in proportionately increased amounts.
Residual Disease Detection by Flow Cytometry Predicts Risk of Relapse and Overall Survival in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia Following Reduced Intensity- and Myeloablative- Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
Authors: Charlotte Ann Bradbury, Janice Ward, Paresh Vyas, Nigel H. Russell, Grimwade David, Robert K Hills, Alan K. Burnett, Charles F. Craddock, Freeman Sylvie
Journal: Blood (2012)
Distribution of Hemagglutination-Inhibiting Antibodies Against Polyoma Virus in Laboratory Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Y. Yabe, S. Neriishi, Y. Sato, A. Liebelt, H. G. Taylor, J. J. Trentin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Polyoma-virus antibodies were determined by the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) method in two colonies of mice. In colony A, where mice were kept for breeding and experiments, 19 percent of 217 untreated mice of all ages had polyoma-virus HI-positive sera. No significant correlation existed between sex or strain of mice and HI titers. Untreated mice younger than 6 months were uniformly negative. In colony B, where newborn mice were extensively inoculated with various tissue-culture fluids, all mice bearing induced parotid tumors and their cage mates had positive sera and 54 percent of 41 untreated mice of all ages had positive sera. In a group of 153 mice grafted with any one of 25 transplantable tumors carried in colony A, 32 percent of mice of all ages had positive sera. From 5 of the 25 transplantable tumors, polyoma virus was actually isolated by tissue-culture propagation and identified serologically. Among mice bearing transplants of these 5 tumors, the percentage of positive HI tests ranged from 66 to 100 percent.
Prevalence of Cataract in an Older Population in India
Authors: Praveen Vashist, Badrinath Talwar, Madhurjya Gogoi, Giovanni Maraini, Monica Camparini, Ravilla D. Ravindran, Gudlavalleti V. Murthy, Kathryn E. Fitzpatrick, Neena John, Usha Chakravarthy, Thulasiraj D. Ravilla, Astrid E. Fletcher
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)

To describe the prevalence of cataract in older people in 2 areas of north and south India.Population-based, cross-sectional study.Randomly sampled villages were enumerated to identify people aged ≥ 60 years. Of 7518 enumerated people, 78% participated in a hospital-based ophthalmic examination.The examination included visual acuity measurement, dilatation, and anterior and posterior segment examination. Digital images of the lens were taken and graded by type and severity of opacity using the Lens Opacity Classification System III (LOCS III).Age- and gender-standardized prevalence of cataract and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We defined type of cataract based on the LOCS III grade in the worse eye of: ≥ 4 for nuclear cataract, ≥ 3 for cortical cataract, and ≥ 2 for posterior subcapsular cataract (PSC). Any unoperated cataract was based on these criteria or ungradable dense opacities. Any cataract was defined as any unoperated or operated cataract.The prevalence of unoperated cataract in people aged ≥ 60 was 58% in north India (95% CI, 56-60) and 53% (95% CI, 51-55) in south India (P = 0.01). Nuclear cataract was the most common type: 48% (95% CI, 46-50) in north India and 38% (95% CI, 37-40) in south India (P<0.0001); corresponding figures for PSC were 21% (95% CI, 20-23) and 17% (95% CI, 16-19; P = 0.003), respectively, and for cortical cataract 7.6% (95% CI, 7-9) and 10.2% (95% CI, 9-11; P<0.004). Bilateral aphakia/pseudophakia was slightly higher in the south (15.5%) than in the north (13.2%; P<0.03). The prevalence of any cataracts was similar in north (73.8%) and south India (71.8%). The prevalence of unoperated cataract increased with age and was higher in women than men (odds ratio [OR], 1.8). Aphakia/pseudophakia was also more common in women, either unilateral (OR, 1.2; P<0.02) or bilateral (OR, 1.3; P<0.002).We found high rates of unoperated cataract in older people in north and south India. Posterior subcapsular cataract was more common than in western studies. Women had higher rates of cataract, which was not explained by differential access to surgery.