tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of near‐fatal asthma phenotypes by cluster analysis
Authors: J. Serrano‐Pariente, G. Rodrigo, J. A. Fiz, A. Crespo, V. Plaza
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract Background Near‐fatal asthma ( NFA ) is a heterogeneous clinical entity and several profiles of patients have been described according to different clinical, pathophysiological and histological features. However, there are no previous studies that identify in a unbiased way – using statistical methods such as clusters analysis – different phenotypes of NFA. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to identify and to characterize phenotypes of near fatal asthma using a cluster analysis. Methods Over a period of 2 years, 33 Spanish hospitals enrolled 179 asthmatics admitted for an episode of NFA. A cluster analysis using two‐steps algorithm was performed from data of 84 of these cases. Results The analysis defined three clusters of patients with NFA : cluster 1, the largest, including older patients with clinical and therapeutic criteria of severe asthma; cluster 2, with an high proportion of respiratory arrest (68%), impaired conciousness level (82%) and mechanical ventilation (93%); and cluster 3, which included younger patients, characterized by an insufficient anti‐inflammatory treatment and frequent sensitization to Alternaria alternata and soybean. Conclusions These results identify specific asthma phenotypes involved in NFA , confirming in part previous findings observed in studies with a clinical approach. The identification of patients with a specific NFA phenotype could suggest interventions to prevent future severe asthma exacerbations.
GLCCI1 rs37972 gene's polymorphism correlation with response to oral glucocorticosteroids treatment in severe asthmatics from the BIOAIR cohort
Authors: Maciej Kupczyk, Lovisa Reinius, Roelinde Middelvleld, Barbro Dahlen, Juha Kere, Sven-Erik Dahlen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

A significant association of SNP rs37972 in GLCCI1 in a genomewide study was identified in children with asthma. Our goal was to evaluate biomarkers and pharmacogenetic determinants that may improve effectiveness of treatment in adults with SA. Eighty five SA patients and 66 with mild-to-moderate asthma (MA) were included in the BIOAIR study. After optimization of treatment, they underwent a double-blind 2 week oral steroid intervention (prednisolone 0.5 mg/kg/day). DNA was extracted from whole blood and the rs37972 (C/T) polymorphism in the GLCCI1 gene was analyzed using TaqMan allelic discrimination on the ABI Prism 7500 detection system. The oral steroid intervention resulted in a significant increase in FEV1 (% predicted) in SA (6.6%, 95% CI 2.4 – 10.8, p=0.002, steroid treatment vs placebo) but not in MA (-0.5%, 95% CI -3.4 – 2.4, p=0.38) or COPD (1.2%, 95% CI -1.7 – 4.0, p=0.35)(p=0.02,between group comparisons). The responsiveness to oral steroids was significantly better in patients characterized by the highest blood eosinophils (>0.44x109/L), the highest sputum eosinophils (>4%), the lowest sputum neutrophils ( 40ppb). A functional GLCCI1 variant was weakly associated with reduced improvement of lung function in response to glucocorticosteroids (p>0.05) and correlated significantly with the number of eosinophils in induced sputum and FeNO (p
Functional System and Areal Organization of a Highly Sampled Individual Human Brain
Authors: Timothy O. Laumann, Evan M. Gordon, Babatunde Adeyemo, Abraham Z. Snyder, Sung Jun Joo, Mei-Yen Chen, Adrian W. Gilmore, Kathleen B. McDermott, Steven M. Nelson, Nico U.F. Dosenbach, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Jeanette A. Mumford, Russell A. Poldrack, Steven E. Petersen
Journal: Neuron (2015)
Atrial natriuretic peptide as a serum marker of right atrial enlargement and function in pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Takahiro Sato, Ichizo Tsujino, Hiroshi Ohira, Noriko Oyama-Manabe, Masaharu Nishimura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background   Production of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) increases in response to right atrial (RA) expansion. However, association between serum ANP level and RA volume has been poorly investigated in pulmonary hypertension (PH). Also, no studies have examined the link between serum ANP levels and RA function.   Methods and Results   A total of 51 PH patients were studied. The serum ANP level was 51.6 pg/ml [median, IQR: 31.7 – 121, normal range 0 - 43]. Volumetric analysis by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) showed greater RA volume in PH patients (58 ± 23 ml/m 2 ) than in 22 controls (40 ± 11 ml/m 2 ) (p   Conclusions   Serum ANP level increases in response to RA enlargement. Importantly, the level is also a marker of reduced systolic and reservoir function of the right atrium in PH.
Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease, cancer, injury, admission to hospital, and mortality: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Andrew Smyth, Koon K Teo, Sumathy Rangarajan, Martin O'Donnell, Xiaohe Zhang, Punam Rana, Darryl P Leong, Gilles Dagenais, Pamela Seron, Annika Rosengren, Aletta E Schutte, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Ayetkin Oguz, Jephat Chifamba, Rafael Diaz, Scott Lear, Alvaro Avezum, Rajesh Kumar, Viswanathan Mohan, Andrzej Szuba, Li Wei, Wang Yang, Bo Jian, Martin McKee, Salim Yusuf
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
Looking for Diastolic Dysfunction
Authors: Claus A. Pierach
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Looking for Diastolic DysfunctionTo the Editor:Zile et al 1 simplify the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction by offering an easy approach: normal ejection fraction in a patient with heart failure strongly suggests diastolic dysfunction.Still, one needs an echocardiogram.I am surprised that they, like others, 2,3 do not make this difficult-seeming diagnosis even easier: if a patient is in heart failure and the point of maximum impulse (PMI) is not displaced, one may assume diastolic dysfunction.If the PMI cannot be located, a chest roentgenogram should be of help: a normal cardiac silhouette in a patient with heart failure supports the assumption of diastolic dysfunction.
Abstract 8773: Aborted Sudden Cardiac Death in Patients with Early Repolarization on Electrocardiography in Japanese Population
Authors: Shingo Maeda, Yasuteru Yamauchi, Hiroyuki Okada, Susumu Tao, Nobuyuki Kagiyama, Takaki Naito, Tetsuo Yamaguchi, Nobuhiro Hara, Yuji Konishi, Tomoyuki Umemoto, Takamichi Miyamoto, Tohru Obayashi, Shinichiro Suzaki, Kenzo Hirao, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: It is well known that an early-repolarization (ER) pattern in the inferior or lateral precordial leads is associated with ventricular fibrillation (VF). This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the ER pattern during electrocardiography in resuscitated cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) patients. Methods: This study included 1,951 consecutive CPA patients who were carried in our emergency room between January 2009 and June 2010. The patients were eligible for enrollment, if they had experienced an unexplained cardiac arrest (with documented cardiovascular collapse with ventricular tachycardia or VF) that required cardiopulmonary resuscitation to restore sinus rhythm. The ER patterns were evaluated for the presence of early repolarization in the inferior and lateral leads. Early-repolarization patterns were stratified according to the degree of the J-point elevation (≥ 0.1 mV or &gt; 0.2 mV) that was either notched (a positive J deflection inscribed on the S wave) or slurred (a smooth transition from QRS to ST-segment) in at least two consecutive inferior or lateral leads. Results: Forty-one patients were successfully resuscitated. ST elevation of more than 0.1mV was observed in 17 patients (41%), (mean age = 61 ± 20 years, 3 female): 14 (34%) in the inferior leads and 3 (7%) in the lateral leads. In these subjects, 10 had structural heart disease (group-S) and 7 were diagnosed with ER syndrome (group-ER). A slurred J-point elevation was more often recorded in group-ER and notched J-point elevation more often in group-S (p &lt; 0.05). Further, the magnitude of the J-point elevation was significantly higher in group-ER than in group-S (1.7 ± 0.6 vs. 1.2 ± 0.3 mV, p &lt; 0.05). The degree of the slurred J-point elevation decreased two days after hospitalization in group-ER. There were no significant differences in the other parameters between the two groups. Conclusion: A slurred and higher J-point elevation might be associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death in ER syndrome.
Diet and Colorectal Cancer Incidence—Reply
Authors: Michael J. Orlich, Gary E. Fraser
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
EULAR evidence based recommendations for the management of fibromyalgia
Authors: S.F. Carville, Lars Arendt-Nielsen, H. Bliddal, F. Blotman, J.C. Branco, D. Buskila, J.A.P. Da Silva, B. Danneskiold-Samsoe, F. Dincer, C. Henriksson, K.G. Henriksson, E. Kosek, K. Longley, G.M. McCarthy, S. Perrot, M. Puszczewicz, W. Samborski, P. Sarzi-Puttini, A. Silman, M. Spath, S. Wessely, E.H. Choy
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)
Effects of gastric bypass surgery compared to intensive lifestyle treatment on blood gases and lung function in morbidly obese subjects
Authors: Anne-Marie Gabrielsen, May Brit Lund, Johny Kongerud, Viken Karl Erik, Jøran Hjelmesæth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective:  We aimed to compare the effect of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGBP) with intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) on blood gases and lung function in morbidly obese subjects.   Design:  One year non-randomized controlled clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00273104).   Methods:  139 morbidly obese subjects, (103 women); mean (SD) age 44 (11) years, mean (SD) body mass index 45.1 (5.6) kg/m 2 , mean (SD) weight 131.8 (21.2) kg treated with either RYGBP (n=76) or ILI (n=63), were included. Blood gases and lung function tests were registered before and after treatment.   Results:  Mean (SD) 1-year weight loss was 30 (8)% and 8 (9)%, and mean pO2 increased 1.4 (1.5) kPa and 0.8 (1.5) kPa in the RYGBP- and ILI-group, respectively (all P  Mean ERV increased from 44 (32)% to 89 (39)% of predicted value (P  There were significant between-group changes for mean FVC, FEV1, DLCO/VA, IC and ERV (all P   Conclusion:  Blood gases and lung function improved in both treatment groups. However, the greatest effects were in the RYGP group.
Proteasome function in pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Nora Semren, Martina Korfei, Isis Fernandez, Andreas Günther, Oliver Eickelberg, Silke Meiners
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Pathological remodeling processes in IPF critically depend on a proper function of protein homeostasis in lung cells. The proteasome, a multicatalytic protease, is crucial for maintainance of protein homeostasis. It consists of a catalytic core (20S) and a regulator (19S), together forming highly active 26S proteasomes.  Here, we examined the role of the proteasome in myofibroblast differentiation and its dysregulation in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis.  CCL206 lung fibroblasts were treated with TGF-β1 to induce myofibroblast differentiation and proteasome activity was assayed by specific luminescent substrates and native gel analysis. Proteasome activity was significantly increased in TGF-β1-treated cells, while expression of 20S subunits remained unchanged. Further, 26S formation was elevated and accompanied by higher protein expression of the 19S subunit Rpn6 which serves as a key regulator for the assembly of 26S proteasomes. siRNA-mediated silencing of Rpn6 counteracted 26S formation, decreased proteasome activity and also impaired proliferation of TGF-β1 treated fibroblasts. In primary human lung fibroblasts silencing of Rpn6 induced G1 cell cycle arrest and reduced collagen-1 expression. 26S proteasome activities were also increased in fibrotic lungs of bleomycin-treated mice. Immunohistochemistry of IPF lungs showed strong staining for Rpn6 in myofibroblasts and an increase in K48-polyubiquitinated proteins indicating an elevated protein turnover in these cells.  Myofibroblast differentiation is associated with increased proteasome activity involving enhanced formation of active 26S proteasome complexes via the proteasomal subunit Rpn6. This suggests an important contribution of the proteasome for profibrotic cellular remodeling.
Continued Improvement and Normalization of Myocardial T2* In Patients with β-thalassemia Major Treated with Deferasirox (Exjade®) for up to 3 Years
Authors: Dudley Pennell, John B. Porter, Maria Domenica Cappellini, Lee Lee Chan, Amal El-Beshlawy, Yesim Aydinok, Hishamshah Ibrahim, Chi-Kong Li, Vip Viprakasit, Mohsen Saleh Elalfy, Antonis Kattamis, Gillian Smith, Dany Habr, Gabor Domokos, Bernard Roubert, Ali Taher
Journal: Blood (2010)
Emerging Sulfated Flavonoids and other Polyphenols as Drugs: Nature as an Inspiration
Authors: Marta Correia-da-Silva, Emília Sousa, Madalena M. M. Pinto
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2013)

Nature uses sulfation of endogenous and exogenous molecules mainly to avoid potential toxicity. The growing importance of natural sulfated molecules, as modulators of a number of physiological and pathological processes, has inspired the synthesis of non-natural sulfated scaffolds. Until the 1990s, the synthesis of sulfated small molecules was almost restricted to derivatives of flavonoids and aimed mainly at structure elucidation and plant biosynthesis studies. Currently, the synthesis of this type of compounds concerns structurally diverse scaffolds and is aimed at the development of potential drugs and/or exploitation of the biological effects of sulfated metabolites. Some important hit compounds are emerging from sulfated flavonoids and other polyphenols mainly as anticoagulant and antiviral agents. When compared with polymeric macromolecules such as heparins, sulfated small molecules could be of value in therapeutics due to their hydrophobic nature that can contribute to improve the bioavailability. This review highlights the synthetic approaches that were applied to obtain monosulfated or polysulfated phenolic small molecules and compiles the diverse biological activities already reported for this type of derivatives. Toxicity and pharmacokinetic parameters of this emerging class of derivatives will also be considered, emphasizing their value for therapeutic applications.
Explanatory burdens and natural law: Invoking a field description of perception-action
Authors: Robert E. Shaw, Jeffrey B. Wagman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Although we agree with Hommel et al. that perception and action refer to one another, we disagree that they do so via a code. Gibson (1966; 1979) attempted to frame perception-action as a field phenomenon rather than as a particle phenomenon. From such a perspective, perception and action are adjoint, mutually interacting through an information field, and codes are unnecessary.
Tyrosine for the treatment of depression
Authors: Alan J. Gelenberg, Joanne Doller Wojcik, John H. Growdon, Alan F. Sved, Richard J. Wurtman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1980)

ples were collected throughout the tyrosine and placebotreatments formeasurement oftyrosine concentrations.Received Oct. 12,1979;revised Dec. 13,1979;accepted Jan.3,1980.FromtheSpecial Studies Clinic, Erich Lindemann Mental HealthCenter andMassachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Dr.GelenbergandMs.Wojcik), theDepartment ofPsychiatry, Harvard MedicalSchool, Boston (Dr.Gelenberg), andtheDepartments ofNutritionandFood Science (Dr.Growdon) andEndocrinology andMetabo-lism, Laboratory ofNeural andEndocrine Regulation (Mr. SvedandDr.Wurtman), Massachusetts Institute ofTechnology, Cam-bridge.Address reprint requests toDr.Gelenberg, Department ofPsychi-atry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass. 02114.Theauthors thank Ms.Emily PrinsandMs.Sharlene Larson fortyping andproofreading themanuscript andRichard A.LaBrie,
Press: Open season on MMR
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2002)

How the Blairs' silence sparked a media storm

In recent weeks opponents of the triple measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine have had rich pickings. In late November the General Medical Council cleared former general practitioner Peter Mansfield of professional misconduct for offering separate vaccines. The Daily Mail heralded this as a victory. Shortly afterwards, the Express picked up an editorial in the British Journal of General Practice , which argued that the Department of Health needed to respond to parental concerns and rethink its policy on single vaccines.

In early December Andrew Wakefield, whose research in the Lancet in February 1998 stoked widespread alarm over possible links between MMR and bowel disease and autism, left the Royal Free Hospital in London. He claimed that he had been forced out for his rebel views. His departure was extensively covered in …
Single nucleotide polymorphism-based molecular typing of M. leprae from multicase families of leprosy patients and their surroundings to understand the transmission of leprosy
Authors: R.P. Turankar, M. Lavania, V.S. Chaitanya, U. Sengupta, J. Darlong, F. Darlong, K.S.R. Siva Sai, R.S. Jadhav
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Applying pharmacogenomics to pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH): A target-based approach to therapy
Authors: Sami Said, Sayyed Hamidi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

INTRODUCTION & AIMS:  Pharmacogenomics, the study of how genetic variations influence the response to drugs, has the desirable objective of tailor-making drugs for each individual genetic makeup. The successful application of this concept in oncology provided the rationale for this study. Like cancer, PAH is a heterogeneous disorder with an unsatisfactory outlook, where responses to drugs often differ in different forms of the disease.   METHODS:  We examined 2 experimental models of PH: mice with deletion of the Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide gene (VIP -/- ), and rats injected with monocrotaline (MCT), 2 models with comparable, though not identical, phenotypic features. We analyzed their particular gene alterations, with special reference to genes related to vascular remodeling and inflammation, and compared phenotypic and genotypic responses in each model to treatment with VIP.   RESULTS:  VIP -/-  mice showed overexpression of genes promoting vascular proliferation and inflammation, with underexpression of anti-proliferative genes. VIP fully corrected all PH features and matching gene expression alterations. MCT rats, however, showed complex gene expression alterations: As in VIP -/-  mice, those promoting vascular remodeling and inflammation, and others tending to modulate the PH. Further, VIP treatment failed to correct many of the genotypic abnormalities, and only partially corrected the phenotype.   CONCLUSIONS:  This preliminary proof-of-concept study demonstrates the importance of genomic information in determining the therapeutic response to a given drug. Full validation of the role of pharmacogenomics in PAH must await comparable studies in patients with different forms of the disease.
Antidepressant effects of carbamazepine
Authors: R M Post, T W Uhde, P P Roy-Byrne, R T Joffe
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Thirty-five depressed patients diagnosed by DSM-III criteria participated in a double-blind study of the acute antidepressant effects of the anticonvulsant carbamazepine, at average doses of 971 mg/day, achieving mean +/- SD blood levels of 9.3 +/- 1.9 micrograms/ml (range, 3-12.5 micrograms/ml). Twenty patients (57%) showed at least mild improvement, and 12 showed more substantial improvement. Possible clinical predictors of antidepressant response to carbamazepine are discussed. These preliminary data suggest that carbamazepine has some acute antidepressant efficacy in addition to the growing evidence that it has acute antimanic and longer-term prophylactic efficacy in both phases of manic-depressive illness.
Abstract 5010: Is Impact of Proton Pump Inhibitor on Platelet Reactivity to Clopidogrel A Class Effect?
Authors: Seiji Hokimoto, Hisao Ogawa, Koichiro Yamamoto, Koichi Kaikita, Takamichi Ono, Kazuko Nakagawa
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Concomitant administration of clopidogrel and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is associated with the reduced effect on platelet response to clopidogrel, and increased risk of adverse outcome after stent placement in patients with acute coronary syndrome. However, it remains unknown whether all PPIs may reduce platelet inhibitory effects of clopidogrel. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of rabeprazole, which is one of PPIs and mostly not metabolized by CYP2C19, on platelet response to clopidogrel. Methods: Adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation (PA) using light transmission aggregometer (MCM HEMA TRACER 313) was measured as response to clopidogrel in 127 patients (male 64%, age68 years) with coronary artery disease (CAD), and CYP2C19 polymorphism, which is involved with metabolism of clopidogrel and PPI, is also examined using PCR. Results: CYP2C19 genotypes were divided into 3 groups such as homozygous extensive metabolizer (homoEM, n=46, CYP2C19*1/*1), heterozygous EM (heteroEM, n=52, *1/*2, *1/*3), and poor metabolizer (PM, n=29, *2/*2, *2/*3, *3/*3). In contrast to distribution of CYP2C19 polymorphism in Caucasian, the rate of CYP2C19 loss of function was higher in Japanese. ADP induced PA decreased significantly in homoEM, subsequently heteroEM, and was not well inhibited in PM (PA; 3250+/−1800, 4250+/−1300, and 5010+/−1370, respectively). However, ADP induced PA was not significantly different between patients treated with (n=29; PA=4637 +/−1800) and without rabeprazole (n=98; PA=3980 +/−1159). Moreover, there were no differences in ADP induced PA between groups with and without rabeprazole, in each subgroup categorized according to the genotype of CYP2C19. As to clinical events, the intake of PPI was not associated with increased risk of mortality and stent thrombosis in patients treated with stent delivery. Conclusion: In contrast to the reported negative PPI-clopidogrel drug interaction, the intake of rabeprazole is not associated with impaired response to clopidogrel and increased risk of mortality and stent thrombosis in patients with CAD.