tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Let's talk about pensions
Authors: K. Patel
Journal: BMJ (2011)

If you remember The Beatles growing up, you’re probably okay. If Led Zeppelin is more your thing then you’re probably going to be disappointed. And if it’s Kylie Minogue, well you’re doomed on many levels.⇑

Yes: it’s the elephant in the room, the big issue that everyone avoided talking about until the recent Hutton report. Out goes the gold plated final salary scheme, and in comes a new scheme based on career average earnings, which will put an end to that merit award in the last few years of service topping up the pension. Out goes retirement at …
Discoid lupus erythematosus associated with hereditary angioneurotic oedema
Authors: P. DUHRA, J. HOLMES, D.I. PORTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

A female patient developed discoid lupus erythematosus 6 years after the onset of hereditary angioneurotic oedema. Treatment with danazol for 18 months cleared both conditions and was well tolerated.
Platelet ITAM signaling is critical for vascular integrity in inflammation
Authors: Yacine Boulaftali, Paul R. Hess, Todd M. Getz, Agnieszka Cholka, Moritz Stolla, Nigel Mackman, A. Phillip Owens, Jerry Ware, Mark L. Kahn, Wolfgang Bergmeier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Platelets play a critical role in maintaining vascular integrity during inflammation, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here we report that platelet immunoreceptor tyrosine activation motif (ITAM) signaling, but not GPCR signaling, is critical for the prevention of inflammation-induced hemorrhage. To generate mice with partial or complete defects in these signaling pathways, we developed a protocol for adoptive transfer of genetically and/or chemically inhibited platelets into thrombocytopenic (TP) mice. Unexpectedly, platelets with impaired GPCR signaling, a crucial component of platelet plug formation and hemostasis, were indistinguishable from WT platelets in their ability to prevent hemorrhage at sites of inflammation. In contrast, inhibition of GPVI or genetic deletion of Clec2, the only ITAM receptors expressed on mouse platelets, significantly reduced the ability of platelets to prevent inflammation-induced hemorrhage. Moreover, transfusion of platelets without ITAM receptor function or platelets lacking the adapter protein SLP-76 into TP mice had no significant effect on vascular integrity during inflammation. These results indicate that the control of vascular integrity is a major function of immune-type receptors in platelets, highlighting a potential clinical complication of novel antithrombotic agents directed toward the ITAM signaling pathway.
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of adult polymyositis and dermatomyositis; data from a large and unselected Norwegian cohort
Authors: Cecilie Dobloug, Torhild Garen, Helle Bitter, Johan Stjärne, Guri Stenseth, Lars Grøvle, Marthe Sem, Jan Tore Gran, Øyvind Molberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The occurrence of polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) in the general population is largely unknown and unbiased data on clinical and laboratory features in PM/DM are missing. Here, we aim to identify and characterise every PM/DM patient living in southeast Norway (denominator population 2.64 million), 2003–2012. <h3>Method</h3> Due to the structure of the Norwegian health system, all patients with PM/DM are followed at public hospitals. Hence, all public hospital databases in southeast Norway were screened for patients having ICD-10 codes compatible with myositis. Manual chart review was then performed to identify all cases meeting the Peter &amp; Bohan and/or Targoff classification criteria for PM/DM. <h3>Results</h3> The ICD-10 search identified 3160 potential myositis patients, but only 208/3160 patients met the Peter &amp; Bohan criteria and 230 the Targoff criteria (100 PM, 130 DM). With 56 deaths during the observation period, point prevalence of PM/DM was calculated to 8.7/100 000. Estimated annual incidences ranged from 6 to 10 /1 000 000, with peak incidences at 50–59 (DM) and 60–69 years (PM). Myositis specific antibodies (Jo-1, PL-7, PL-12, signal recognition particle (SRP) and Mi-2) were present in 53% (109/204), while 137/163 (87%) had pathological muscle MRI. Frequent clinical features included myalgia (75%), arthritis (41%) dyspnoea (62%) and dysphagia (58%). Positive anti-Jo-1, present in 39% of DM and 22% of PM cases, was associated with dyspnoea, arthritis and mechanic hands. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Our data indicate that the population prevalence of PM/DM in Caucasians is quite low, but underscores the complexity and severity of the disorders.
Targeted and restricted complement activation on acrosome-reacted spermatozoa
Authors: Rebecca C. Riley-Vargas, Susan Lanzendorf, John P. Atkinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

A specific hypoglycosylated isoform of the complement regulator membrane cofactor protein (MCP; CD46) is expressed on the inner acrosomal membrane (IAM) of spermatozoa. This membrane is exposed after the acrosome reaction, an exocytosis event that occurs upon contact with the zona pellucida. We initiated this investigation to assess MCP’s regulatory function in situ on spermatozoa. Upon exposure of human spermatozoa to autologous serum or follicular fluid, we unexpectedly observed that acrosome-reacted spermatozoa activated the complement cascade efficiently through C3 but not beyond. Using FACS to simultaneously evaluate viability, acrosomal status, and complement deposition, we found that complement activation was initiated by C-reactive protein (CRP) and was C1q, C2, and factor B dependent. This pattern is consistent with engagement of the classical pathway followed by amplification through the alternative pathway. C3b deposition was targeted to the IAM, where it was cleaved to C3bi. Factor H, and not MCP, was the cofactor responsible for C3b cleavage. We propose that this localized deposition of complement fragments aids in the fusion process between the spermatozoa and egg, in a role akin to that of complement in immune adherence. In addition, we speculate that this “targeted and restricted” form of complement activation on host cells is a common strategy to handle modified self.
A CLOSED SYSTEM OF DRAINAGE FOR PENETRATING WOUNDS OF THE CHEST
Authors: MARION A. BLANKENHORN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

No satisfactory system of drainage for infected war wounds of the chest has been employed that does not produce a more or less open pneumothorax. It is well known that open pneumothorax seriously disturbs the mechanics of respiration and circulation, and exposes large areas of pleural membrane to infection. It is well known also that open pneumothorax is very seldom cured spontaneously. Recent war surgery has demonstrated satisfactorily that the pleura is able to overcome a very extensive contamination and even a severe infection in a comparatively short time. But to do so the pleura must be in practically a normal condition otherwise, that is, free from accumulations of air or fluid. Patients operated on early and left with open drainage invariably have done badly. Patients not operated on have developed empyema or become septic. The middle ground offers the best chance, and patients operated on at a selected time
Treatment Planning and Fracture Prediction in Patients with Skeletal Metastasis with CT-Based Rigidity Analysis
Authors: Ara Nazarian, Vahid Entezari, David Zurakowski, Nathan Calderon, John A. Hipp, Juan C. Villa-Camacho, Patrick P. Lin, Felix H. Cheung, Albert J. Aboulafia, Robert Turcotte, Megan E. Anderson, Mark C. Gebhardt, Edward Y. Cheng, Richard M. Terek, Michael Yaszemski, Timothy A. Damron, Brian D. Snyder
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Pathologic fractures could be prevented if reliable methods of fracture risk assessment were available. A multicenter prospective study was conducted to identify significant predictors of physicians' treatment plan for skeletal metastasis based on clinical fracture risk assessments and the proposed CT-based Rigidity Analysis (CTRA). Experimental Design: Orthopedic oncologists selected a treatment plan for 124 patients with 149 metastatic lesions based on the Mirels method. Then, CTRA was performed, and the results were provided to the physicians, who were asked to reassess their treatment plan. The pre- and post-CTRA treatment plans were compared to identify cases in which the treatment plan was changed based on the CTRA report. Patients were followed for a 4-month period to establish the incidence of pathologic fractures. Results: Pain, lesion type, and lesion size were significant predictors of the pre-CTRA plan. After providing the CTRA results, physicians changed their plan for 36 patients. CTRA results, pain, and primary source of metastasis were significant predictors of the post-CTRA plan. Follow-up of patients who did not undergo fixation resulted in 7 fractures; CTRA predicted these fractures with 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity, whereas the Mirels method was 71% sensitive and 50% specific. Conclusions: Lesion type and size and pain level influenced the physicians' plans for the management of metastatic lesions. Physicians' treatment plans and fracture risk predictions were significantly influenced by the availability of CTRA results. Due to its high sensitivity and specificity, CTRA could potentially be used as a screening method for pathologic fractures. Clin Cancer Res; 21(11); 2514–9. ©2015 AACR.
Therapy of Cervical Chlamydial Infection
Authors: ROBERT C. BRUNHAM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The treatment of cervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection in nonpregnant women was evaluated in a double-blind randomized study. Objective criteria were used to assess the response of cervicitis to therapy. Fifty patients were treated with tetracycline hydrochloride, 500 mg orally four times daily, and 50 patients were treated with rosaramicin, 250 mg orally four times daily, both for 7 days. Both agents were highly effective in eradicating C. trachomatis. Both produced significant improvement in objective signs of cervicitis: eliminating mucopurulent endocervical discharge and edema of ectopy, and decreasing the clinical severity score of cervicitis. This trial shows that the 1-week course of tetracycline hydrochloride currently recommended for treatment of chlamydial urethritis in men is also highly effective for the treatment of chlamydial cervical infection in women. Rosaramicin, a macrolide antibiotic, was equally effective, but produced a higher rate of gastrointestinal side effects.
Higher-dose dabigatran reduced stroke, but not major hemorrhage, more than warfarin in atrial fibrillation
Authors: Liviu Klein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club19 January 2010Higher-dose dabigatran reduced stroke, but not major hemorrhage, more than warfarin in atrial fibrillationLiviu Klein, MD, MSLiviu Klein, MD, MSNorthwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA (L.K.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-2-201001190-02002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationConnolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1139-51. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19717844Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Cardiology: Hematology: References1 Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation: a major contributor to stroke in the elderly. The Framingham Study. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:1561-4. [PMID: 3632164] Google Scholar2 Birman-Deych E, Radford MJ, Nilasena DS, Gage BF. Use and effectiveness of warfarin in Medicare beneficiaries with atrial fibrillation. Stroke. 2006;37:1070−4. [PMID: 16528001] Google Scholar3 Hylek EM, Go AS, Chang Y, et al. Effect of intensity of oral anticoagulation on stroke severity and mortality in atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1019-26. [PMID: 12968085] Google Scholar4 Gage BF. Can we rely on RE-LY? N Engl J Med. 2009;361:1200-2. [PMID: 19717843] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Liviu Klein, MD, MSAffiliations: Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA (L.K.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 January 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 January 2010Volume 152, Issue 2Page: JC1-2KeywordsAtrial fibrillationClinical trialsHeart failureHemorrhagic strokeInternational normalized ratioIschemic strokeStrokeTherapeutic drug monitoringThrombinTransient ischemic attacks ePublished: 19 January 2010 Issue Published: 19 January 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Federation of State Medical Boards of the United States, Inc.
Authors: Frederick T. Merchant
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3535: Retinoblastoma cerebrospinal fluid metastases treatable by intensive intraventricular and multidrug resistance-reversal systemic chemotherapy without radiation
Authors: Helen S. L. Chan, Elise Héon, John J. Doyle, Helen Dimaras, Brenda L. Gallie
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract PURPOSE: Despite combining chemotherapy with peripheral stem cell transplant, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metastasis is the most difficult type of retinoblastoma (RB) metastasis to cure, since most drugs that can be given safely into the CSF are anti-leukemia agents that are ineffective against solid tumors. Most metastatic RB cells also express P-glycoprotein causing multidrug resistance (MDR). Drugs do not readily enter into the central nervous system because of the blood-brain barrier formed by P-glycoprotein-rich blood vessels. High-dose craniospinal radiation is too morbid for treatment of young children. Radiation also greatly increases the secondary malignancy risk for patients with germline RB1 mutations. To cure CSF metastases without craniospinal radiation, we designed an intensive multimodality chemotherapy regimen. METHOD: Since 2000, we treated 4 children with CSF metastases: Child A, with germline bilateral RB, and optic nerve involvement (1 eye enucleated but no radiation); Child B, with germline trilateral RB (no enucleation and no surgery or radiation for the huge suprasellar tumor); Child C, with germline trilateral RB (1 eye enucleated but no surgery or radiation for the huge suprasellar tumor); and Child D, with nongermline unilateral RB with orbital and intracranial recurrence (only localized orbital radiation). All children were treated with 6 or 7-cycle high-dose carboplatin and etoposide, standard-dose vincristine, and high-dose/3-hour-infusion cyclosporine to inhibit both tumor-cell and blood-brain barrier P-glycoprotein. Intraventricular drugs, cytarabine, which is not a substrate of P-glycoprotein but effective against RB cell line in vitro, and topotecan, which is less susceptible to MDR, contributed to treatment of the CSF metastases. On achieving significant responses, supralethal-dosage carboplatin, etoposide and cyclophosphamide were used for consolidation, with the bone marrow rescued with autologous peripheral blood stem cells. RESULTS: Child A and C are relapse-free 9.1 and 2.3 years post-diagnosis (8.6 and 1.8 years post-transplant). Child B and D died of disease 2.7 and 1.8 years post-diagnosis (2 and 1.4 years post-transplant). CONCLUSION: Two of the 4 children with CSF metastases, who in the past would have died, are now surviving after intensive multimodality chemotherapy without radiation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3535.
Accuracy of Optical Coherence Tomography in the Evaluation of Neointimal Coverage After Stent Implantation
Authors: Akira Murata, David Wallace-Bradley, Armando Tellez, Carlos Alviar, Michael Aboodi, Alexander Sheehy, Leslie Coleman, Laura Perkins, Gaku Nakazawa, Gary Mintz, Greg L. Kaluza, Renu Virmani, Juan F. Granada
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2010)
Malignant Mesenchymoma and Birth Defects
Authors: William A. Blattner
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Malignant mesenchymoma developed in an 18-year-old patient with phenytoin-associated cleft lip and palate. Although these conditions may be related by chance, the possibility of transplacental carcinogenesis by phenytoin should be considered, especially since neuroblastoma was reported recently in two children with phenytoin-induced malformations. Following combination chemotherapy for metastases, the patient experienced a 7-year disease-free interval, which is consistent with recent improvements in the treatment of soft-tissue sarcomas. (<i>JAMA</i>238:334-335, 1977)
Neurobehavioral epidemiology: application in risk assessment.
Authors: P Grandjean, R F White, P Weihe
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1996)

Neurobehavioral epidemiology may contribute information to risk assessment in relation to a) characterization of neurotoxicity and its time course; b) the dose-effect relationship; c) the dose-response relationship; and d) predisposing factors. The quality of this information relies on the validity of the exposure data, the validity and sensitivity of neurobehavioral function tests, and the degree to which sources of bias are controlled. With epidemiologic studies of methylmercury-associated neurotoxicity as an example, the field of research involves numerous uncertainties that should be taken into account in the risk assessment process.
UN says disruptions to health care in Darfur caused by expulsion of aid agencies may not be resolved
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Despite efforts to fill the gaps in aid left by the expulsion from Sudan of 13 major international voluntary agencies on 4 March, the risk of increased morbidity and mortality remains high in the country’s Darfur region, a joint report warns.

“Up to 650 000 people currently do not have access to full health care,” concludes the report, which is based on an assessment on 11-19 March by United Nations and Sudanese government officials.

The 13 expelled groups provided health care and nutrition aid to 840 000 people and food to 1.1 million people. The groups also managed 43 healthcare facilities, half of which still have major shortfalls in services, the report says. 

“The capacity to respond to health and nutrition emergencies has been affected as the …
Points from Letters: Referral after X-ray
Authors: N. H. Harris
Journal: BMJ (1971)

585 leads to considerable loss of efficiency and difficulties both in administration and medical care.It is one of the best health services that I have seen abroad, but does not come near to matching our own service.It is quite true that IsraAi medical students are not educated in general practice, but I cannot agree with Dr. Smith that this is "through no fault of the authors of the book."Dr. K. J. Mann is the D`rector-General of thv Hadassah (not Hadassar) University Hospital and could un- doubtedly have influenced the Medical School to permit students to attend the communal health centre.Perhaps the reason why the medical school authorities were unwilling to do so is because it is a well-known fact in Israel that the standard of medicine in health centres is very poor compared with the hospitals, largely owing to the obstinate refusal of the politicians to allow the various health insurance schemes to be nationalized.I do not believe that socialized medicine can work without nationalization.-Iam, etc.,
SOME SUGGESTIONS AS TO THE RELATION OF THE TEETH TO EMPYEMA OF THE MAXILLARY SINUS.Read in the Section on Dental and Oral Surgery, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: M. H. FLETCHER
Journal: JAMA (1893)

be saved, but if operation is deferred until the disease has invaded the glands the growths will return at the same, or at some other place, and the life of the patient will not be for long.He related the case of a patient, a man about
Effects of Coffee and Napping on Nighttime Highway Driving
Authors: Andrew J. Yee
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters6 February 2007Effects of Coffee and Napping on Nighttime Highway DrivingAndrew J. Yee, MDAndrew J. Yee, MDFrom Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-3-200702060-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR: Philip and colleagues (1) have validated the conventional wisdom that coffee and napping improve nighttime highway driving performance with their real-life study. However, their study raises several questions.First, an alternative factor affecting the ability to drive at night is nighttime visual acuity. One of the 12 study participants (participant 7) was egregiously the worst driver under all 3 nighttime test conditions: 13 line crossings with coffee (3.1 SD worse than the mean), 17 line crossings with placebo (1.8 SD worse than the mean), and 8 line crossings with napping (2.0 SD worse than the mean). In ...Reference1. Philip P, Taillard J, Moore N, Delord S, Valtat C, Sagaspe P, et al. The effects of coffee and napping on nighttime highway driving: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:785-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Boston, Massachusetts.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Effects of Coffee and Napping on Nighttime Highway Driving Pierre Philip , Jacques Taillard , Nicholas Moore , Sandrine Delord , Cédric Valtat , Patricia Sagaspe , and Bernard Bioulac Effects of Coffee and Napping on Nighttime Highway Driving Pierre Philip Metrics Cited ByCombined caffeine and bright light reduces dangerous driving in sleep-deprived healthy volunteers: A Pilot Cross-Over Randomised Controlled Trial 6 February 2007Volume 146, Issue 3Page: 229KeywordsCoffeeConflicts of interestFactor analysisFatigueRetinitisVisual acuityVitamin A ePublished: 6 February 2007 Issue Published: 6 February 2007 CopyrightCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...