tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13636: Regional Distribution of Mapped Stable Organized Tachyarrhythmias ("Rotors") in Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation:
Authors: Sanjeev Saksena, Rangadham Nagarakanti, April Slee
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction:  Stable organized atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs) /rotors have been identified during biatrial activation mapping in patients (pts) with atrial fibrillation (AF) but their propensity to locate in specific right (RA) & left atrial (LA) regions & activation patterns have not been well studied.   Methods:  We performed simultaneous contact catheter mapping of the RA & LA with 3 dimensional non-contact mapping (NCM - St. Jude Ensite Balloon Array) in 81 refractory AF pts during spontaneous AF events. Spontaneous ATs were analyzed. We compared regional location & spectrum of ATs in paroxymal AF (PAF) & persistent AF (PRAF) pts.   Results:  101 spontaneous ATs.( Figure, left panel) in pts with PAF (n=24) or PRAF (n=57) were mapped 8 pts had no AF events and 3 pts had unmappable AF. Organized stable ATs/rotors were recorded in all 73 pts (90%) with mapped spontaneous AF at its onset, early maintenance & were often apparent in established AF.(Figure, right panel) Stable ATs with focal activation patterns were infrequent in regions other than superior LA/pulmonary veins. Cavotricuspid isthmus (CVI) flutter was equally frequent in PRAF and PAF pts (46% vs. 36%, p=0.4) but other ATs/rotors were more frequent with PRAF than PAF in the RA (37% vs. 25%, p=0.4 ) and LA (29% vs. 10%, p=.125) . The incidence of ATs/rotors in the vicinity of the mitral isthmus was more prevalent in PRAF (p   Conclusions:  1.Biatrial activation mapping with high resolution electrode arrays is essential to localize and define regional atrial involvement with ATs/rotors in AF. 2. There is involvement of widely disparate RA & LA regions in the generation of ATs/rotors in both PAF and PRAF. 3. ATs/rotors exist in the RA and LA independent of pulmonary vein and CVI flutter origin and are more frequent in PRAF than PAF. 4.Improvement in targeting atrial regions for catheter ablation may result from mapping ATs/rotors.
BET Bromodomain Inhibition Reduces Leukemic Burden and Prolongs Survival In The Eμ-TCL1 Transgenic Mouse Model Of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Independent Of TP53 Mutation Status
Authors: Connie A Larsson, Kensuke Kojima, Yong Wang, Nicholas Navin, Miguel Gallardo, Daniel Primo, Jose L. Rojas, Joaquin Martinez, Taghi Manshouri, Hun Ju Lee, James E Bradner, Juan Ballesteros, Sean M. Post, Guillermina (Gigi) Lozano, Alfonso Quintás-Cardama
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 92: Dispatcher Instruction in Chest Compression-Only CPR Increases Implementation of Bystander CPR: The Utstein Osaka Project
Authors: Tomohiko Sakai, Taku Iwami, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Yasuyuki Hayashi, Tatsuya Nishiuchi, Kentaro Kajino, Chika Nishiyama, Atsushi Hiraide, Osamu Tasaki, Yasuyuki Kuwagata, Takeshi Shimazu, Takashi Kawamura, Asako Matsushima, Masashi Ueyama
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Although it has been reported that dispatcher-assisted bystander CPR contributes to increasing survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), the association between actual implementation of CPR by bystanders and the type of dispatcher instruction has not been sufficiently examined. Objectives: To investigate the association between the implementation of bystander CPR and type of dispatcher instruction (chest compression-only CPR (CC-only) or conventional CPR with chest compressions plus rescue breathing). Methods: We registered all patients aged &gt;=18 years suffering from OHCA of presumed cardiac origin before emergency medical service (EMS) arrival, and for whom resuscitation was attempted resuscitation by EMS personnel in Osaka Prefecture, Japan from January 2005 to December 2009. Data were prospectively collected by EMS personnel using an Utstein-style database. Odds ratios for implementation of CPR of each type of dispatcher instruction were calculated using multiple logistic regression adjusting for confounding variables. Results: During the study period, 17,792 OHCAs of cardiac origin before EMS arrival were registered. In 7953 (44.7%) of them, the dispatcher provided CPR instruction to bystanders, and the proportion increased from 39.7% to 48.1% during the study period (P for trend=0.037). The proportion of CC-only instruction increased from 5.1% to 12.9% (P for trend=0.005). The proportion of CPR with chest compressions by bystanders was significantly higher in the CC-only CPR instruction group than in the conventional CPR instruction group (70.2% [1146/1632] vs. 62.0% [3924/6321]; adjusted odd ratio, 1.54 [95% confidence interval, 1.36-1.73]). Even if the dispatcher instructed conventional CPR with rescue breathing, only 33.0% of bystanders performed rescue breathing with chest compressions. Conclusion: Dispatcher instruction of chest compression-only CPR is effective to increase actual CPR by bystanders.
Combination of chemotherapy and radioimmunotherapy using 90Y-labelled anti-MUC1 humanized monoclonal antibody in a human tumor xenograft model.
Authors: Gail Rowlinson-Busza, David Griffiths-Johnson, Julie Cook, Lloyd R. Kelland, Nigel Courtenay-Luck
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2208 

Conventional cancer chemotherapy often results in severe side effects, owing to its non-specific modes of action. Promising results have been obtained for radioimmunotherapy (RIT) of xenografts in nude mice and in clinical trials of lymphoma. Some degree of response to RIT has been shown in small-volume disease in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and in the adjuvant setting in ovarian cancer, but generally results have been less impressive in solid tumours due to their intrinsically lower radiosensitivity compared with lymphoma and the heterogeneous radiation dose deposition throughout the tumor. In attempts to overcome these limitations, several strategies combining radioimmunotherapy with other treatment modalities have been investigated, taking advantage of the complementary modes of action and the heterogeneity of tumors. Some of these combination therapies have been shown to be cooperative rather than simply additive. In this study, radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with 90Y-labelled humanized monoclonal antibody against MUC1 (hHMFG1) has been combined with conventional cancer chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatin or taxotere) in a nude mouse human tumour xenograft model. Female nude mice bearing established HT1376 human bladder cancer xenografts were treated with RIT alone, chemotherapy alone, or combination therapy of RIT plus drug given either before or after the radiation. The end-point was increase in tumor volume tripling time (VTT) over untreated control tumors. Combination therapy was more effective than either treatment given alone. The effects were at least additive when RIT was combined with taxotere, and the order of the two components of the combination therapy was irrelevant. However, in the case of cisplatin, the drug acted as a radiosensitiser and synergistic effects were observed. For example, the increase in VTT after 1.4 MBq 90Y-RIT was 9.0 days and after monotherapy with 10 mg/kg cisplatin was 6.9 days. However, treatment with cisplatin 24 h prior to RIT resulted in an increase in VTT of 24.7 days. This synergy was not seen if the drug was administered after RIT or 48 h prior to RIT.
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF GALLSTONE DISEASE
Authors: W J Mayo
Journal: JAMA (1935)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract #4431: Campath-1H activates multiple pathways and transcription factors (CREB, ATF-1, Egr1&2 and Stat3) upon binding to CD52 on B-cells
Authors: Tri-Hung Nguyen, Evis Havari, Rajashree McLaren, Mindy Zhang, Yide Jiang, Stephen Madden, Bruce Roberts, Srinivas Shankara
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

The mature form of CD52 is a 12 amino acid peptide linked to the membrane via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. CD52 is highly expressed on human lymphocytes and is an effective target for therapeutic antibodies. Campath-1H is a humanized monoclonal antibody directed against CD52, currently approved for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). While molecular effects of Campath-1H in the presence of a cross-linking anti-Fc antibody on T lymphocytes have been described, little is known about the molecular changes induced by Campath-1H binding to CD52 on normal or malignant B lymphocytes. We investigated the effects of Campath-1H on PBMC of B-CLL patients and human B lymphocyte cell lines, BL31 and Wien133, in the presence and absence of a cross-linking agent. Cross-linking Campath-1H on BL31 and Wien133 cells induced a transient calcium flux followed by a transient protein phosphorylation. The increase in phosphorylated proteins at 2.5 min correlated with the peak of the calcium flux, and returned to the basal level after 15 min. Using a multiplex suspension phosphoprotein array system, Akt, CREB, ERK1/2, IRS-1, Jnk, p38-MAPK, p70S6, p90RSK and STAT3 were determined to be activated upon cross-linking. No phophorylation was observed for Bcr/Abl, c-Jun, NF-\#954;B, and Src. We also profiled gene expression changes by gene chip. From which, we observed TNF-\#945;, EGR1 & 2, MIP1, FOS and HBEGF are upregulated, and we confirmed the secretion of TNF-\#945; from B cell lines after the treatment. These observations are the first evidence that cross-linking Campath-1H on B cells activates specific pathways, leading to the activation of early responsive genes and inducing target cells to produce cytokines.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 4431.
Abstract 16708: Cathelicidin Related Antimicrobial Peptide Treated Bone Marrow Derived Mononuclear Cells Improves Cardiac Function in a Mouse Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction: Potential Therapeutic Targets in Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Yuri M Klyachkin, Prabhakara R Nagareddy, Ahmed Asfour, Shaojing Ye, Erhe Gao, Rahul V Annabathula, Ahmed Abdel-Latif
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Limited stem cell retention following intracoronary administration for ischemic heart disease has reduced the clinical efficacy of this novel therapy. Cathelicidins have been shown to prime BMMNC migration towards low gradients of SDF-1 suggesting a potential role in BMMNC retention. We sought to assess the safety and efficacy of BMMNC pre-treatment with CRAMP for treatment of acute ischemic heart disease. METHODS: BMMNCs isolated from GFP mice were incubated with recombinant CRAMP (2.5 μg/ml) or placebo for 1 hour followed by chemotaxis studies towards low levels of SDF-1 (2 ng/ml) using a Boyden chamber in vitro. During the in vivo studies, mice were randomized into 3 groups: AMI followed by injection of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), BMMNCs alone, or BMMNCs incubated with CRAMP. Scar size, survival and retention of injected BMNNCs were examined by immunohistochemistry at 5 weeks. Left ventricular function was measured by echocardiography at baseline, 48 hours, and 5 weeks after MI. Changes in infarct size between 5 days and 5 weeks after AMI was assessed by cardiac MRI utilizing delayed gadolinium enhancement. RESULTS: Treatment of BMNNCs with CRAMP enhanced their migration towards low, yet physiological, levels of SDF-1 (Fig 1A). In vivo, a greater proportion of cell survival and retention was observed in the BMNNC+CRAMP group than in the BMNNC-alone group (Fig 1B) and this was associated with higher percentage of BrdU positive cells (Fig 1C). Moreover, BMNNC+CRAMP administration led to significantly better survival, improvement of cardiac function (Fig 1D-H) and reduction in infarct size compared with other control groups (Fig 1I). CONCLUSIONS: Cathelicidins enhance BMMNC retention after intramyocardial administration for acute ischemic heart disease resulting in enhanced recovery. Therapies employing this strategy may represent an effective method for improving cardiac recovery and survival rate after AMI in human studies.
Dual-Chamber Pacing or Ventricular Backup Pacing in Patients With an Implantable Defibrillator
Authors: Bruce L Wilkoff, James R Cook, Andrew E Epstein, H Leon Greene, Alfred P Hallstrom, Henry Hsia, Steven P Kutalek, Arjun Sharma
Journal: JAMA (2002)

ContextImplantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy with backup ventricular pacing increases survival in patients with life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Most currently implanted ICD devices provide dual-chamber pacing therapy. The most common comorbid cause for mortality in this population is congestive heart failure.ObjectiveTo determine the efficacy of dual-chamber pacing compared with backup ventricular pacing in patients with standard indications for ICD implantation but without indications for antibradycardia pacing.DesignThe Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator (DAVID) Trial, a single-blind, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial.Setting and ParticipantsA total of 506 patients with indications for ICD therapy were enrolled between October 2000 and September 2002 at 37 US centers. All patients had a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 40% or less, no indication for antibradycardia pacemaker therapy, and no persistent atrial arrhythmias.InterventionsAll patients had an ICD with dual-chamber, rate-responsive pacing capability implanted. Patients were randomly assigned to have the ICDs programmed to ventricular backup pacing at 40/min (VVI-40; n = 256) or dual-chamber rate-responsive pacing at 70/min (DDDR-70; n = 250). Maximal tolerated medical therapy for left ventricular dysfunction, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and β-blockers, was prescribed to all patients.Main Outcome MeasureComposite end point of time to death or first hospitalization for congestive heart failure.ResultsOne-year survival free of the composite end point was 83.9% for patients treated with VVI-40 compared with 73.3% for patients treated with DDDR-70 (relative hazard, 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06-2.44). The components of the composite end point, mortality of 6.5% for VVI-40 vs 10.1% for DDDR-70 (relative hazard, 1.61; 95% CI, 0.84-3.09) and hospitalization for congestive heart failure of 13.3% for VVI-40 vs 22.6% for DDDR-70 (relative hazard, 1.54; 95% CI, 0.97-2.46), also trended in favor of VVI-40 programming.ConclusionFor patients with standard indications for ICD therapy, no indication for cardiac pacing, and an LVEF of 40% or less, dual-chamber pacing offers no clinical advantage over ventricular backup pacing and may be detrimental by increasing the combined end point of death or hospitalization for heart failure.
Temozolomide; A novel regional perfusion agent for the treatment of advanced extremity melanoma
Authors: Tomio Ueno, Elizabeth Grubbs, Sae Hee Ko, Tsung Y. Cheng, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Zeinab Abdel-Wahab, Scott Pruitt, Henry S. Friedman, Douglas Tyler
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

5129   Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with melphalan is a well established treatment for regionally advanced melanoma confined to an extremity. While complete response rates exceed 60%, many still respond poorly and about one-third of the complete responders develop a subsequent local recurrence at a median time of 13 months. Temozolomide is a novel methylating agent that has shown promising antitumor activity against metastatic melanoma when administered orally in recent clinical trials, with relatively little toxicity. We set out to determine if temozolomide could be utilized intra-arterially as a regional chemotherapeutic agent for patients with advanced extremity melanoma. ILP was performed using a nude rat xenograft model of subcutaneously injected human DM6 melanoma cells. Temozolomide was solubilized in a 10% solution of dimethyl sulfoxide and 0.9% saline. At total temozolomide doses between 750 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, all treated rats showed marked tumor regression by post-operative day eight, with 38% decrease in mean tumor volume and minimal limb toxicity. Temozolomide doses at or exceeding 3000 mg/kg produced frequent toxicity-related limb necrosis. By comparison, rats treated systemically with temozolomide (300 mg/kg) showed no tumor regression. The efficacy of temozolomide ILP was also significantly higher than that of melphalan ILP at equitoxic doses, as only one of five rats treated with melphalan (27 mg/kg) demonstrated tumor regression. By post-operative day 14, the tumor volume of temozolomide treated animals was always less than or equal to the original tumor volume. In contrast, the tumors of rats treated with either melphalan or saline had 315% greater volume than baseline by day 14, with no significant difference between either group. These data suggest that ILP with temozolomide can be an effective treatment for regionally advanced extremity melanoma. In addition, temozolomide appears to be markedly superior to melphalan, the agent currently utilized for clinical ILP.
Clinical Factors, But Not C-Reactive Protein, Predict Progression of Calcific Aortic-Valve Disease
Authors: Gian M. Novaro, Ronit Katz, Ronnier J. Aviles, John S. Gottdiener, Mary Cushman, Bruce M. Psaty, Catherine M. Otto, Brian P. Griffin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Abstract P188: Cigarette Smoking Increases Low Density Lipoprotein and Inhibits the Decline in Plasma Cholesterol Following Cessation of Alcohol Consumption
Authors: Maciej L Goniewicz, Ewa Slodczyk, Malgorzata Ptak, Izabela Szoltysek-Boldys, Aleksandra Kozar-Konieczna, Jerzy Goniewicz, Leon Kosmider, Andrzej Sobczak
Journal: Circulation (2013)
Long Term Survival of Male Homosexual Patients with Kaposi's Sarcoma
Authors: C P Lowdell, M G Glaser
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1989)

Although mental deterioration was originally said to be absent', there have been recent reports of psychiatric presentations, such as depression and subcortical dementia74. These do not seem surprising in view ofthe many subcortical structures that are at risk of degeneration in the Shy-Drager syndrome. Indeed, its overlap of symptomatology with depression (loss of libido, impotence, fatiguability, apathy, reduced sleep, inability to work, social withdrawal) and the possible failure of non-psychiatric doctors to elicit psychiatric symptoms'2 could have contributed to underdiagnosis in the past. Misdiagnosis as neurosis has also been reported'3. The need for careful clinical assessment and interdisciplinary cooperation is clear.
Preparation of &lt;italic&gt;p&lt;/italic&gt;-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Containing Isotopic Carbon in the Dimethylamino Group
Authors: William S. Fones, Julius White
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1949)

Preparation of p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene Containing Isotopic Carbon in the Dimethylamino Group Get access William S. Fones, William S. Fones Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Julius White Julius White National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, Bethesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 10, Issue 3, December 1949, Pages 663–664, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/10.3.663 Published: 01 December 1949 Article history Received: 11 October 1949 Published: 01 December 1949
Iron chelators increase the genomic stability of ataxia-telangeictasia cells.
Authors: Rodney E. Shackelford, Ryan Manuszak, Daniel Hellrung, Charles J. Link, Suming Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

3819 

Ataxia-telangeictasia (AT) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by immune dysfunction, genomic instability, chronic oxidative damage, and increased cancer incidence. Compared to normal cells, AT cells exhibit unusual sensitivity to exogenous oxidants, including t-butyl hydroperoxide. Since ferritin releases labile iron under oxidative stress (which is chronic in AT) and labile iron mediates the toxic effects of t-butyl hydroperoxide, we hypothesized that chelation of intracellular labile iron would increase the genomic stability of AT cells, with and without exogenous oxidative stress. At first, we found that the ferrous iron chelator desferrioxamine was shown to increase resistance to exogenous oxidative stress of AT, but not normal cells, in the colony forming-efficiency assay. This data suggested that iron metabolism is dysregulated in AT. Since desferrioxamine alters gene expression, as well as chelates iron, we tested the effect of apoferritinn and the iron chelating flavonoid quercetin on AT cell genomic stability. The data shown that apoferritin and quercetin increase the genomic stability of AT cells. To further analyze the role of labile iron in AT, we measured labile iron in the sera of AT knockout mice and found significantly elevated iron levels compared to syngeniec wild type mice. Our data supports a role for increased labile iron acting as a Fenton catalyst in AT, thus contributing to the chronic oxidative stress seen in this disease. Our data further suggests that iron chelators as a class might promote genomic stability in AT cells.