tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Is occupational solar ultraviolet irradiation a relevant risk factor for basal cell carcinoma? A systematic review and meta-analysis of the epidemiological literature
Authors: A. Bauer, T.L. Diepgen, J. Schmitt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Is occupational solar ultraviolet irradiation a relevant risk factor for basal cell carcinoma? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of the epidemiological literature Get access A. Bauer, A. Bauer Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D‐01307 Dresden, Germany Andrea Bauer. E‐mail: andrea.bauer@uniklinikum‐dresden.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.L. Diepgen, T.L. Diepgen Department of Clinical Social Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Schmitt J. Schmitt Department of Dermatology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D‐01307 Dresden, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 165, Issue 3, 1 September 2011, Pages 612–625, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10425.x Published: 01 September 2011
Treatment of Venereal Diseases in General Practice.
Authors: R. E. Powell
Journal: JAMA (1927)

a standard by which to judge those changes.How many men realize, however, that this standard is one which it is very difficult to establish, especially in set terms.Anatomists now use the word "normal" with very much the same latitude as we use the word "healthy".Both of these may be defined in wvords, but to apply them in any given instance is quite
Endobronchial blockers: A tool in the interventional flexible bronchoscopy in children
Authors: Borja Osona, Jose Antonio Peña, Jose Antonio Gil, Joan Figuerola
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Techniques for selective lung ventilation usually involves the use of large devices or tools not designed for the airway. Placement in children is difficult and a variety of complications have been reported. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety in selective ventilation and selective lobar blockade of a recently developed tool, the Arndt endobronchial blocker. Methods: a prospective study was performed analyzing all children who underwent a bronchial blockade between 2008 and 2011. We use the 5 Fr Arndt blocker and a pediatric fiberoptic bronchoscope (2.8mm). The following variables were recorded: age, indication, location, duration and number of insertion attempts, other techniques performed, complications, and effectiveness assessed by the surgeon or pediatric intensivist. Results: Blocker placement was successful in 17 of 18 patients. Median (range) age was 37 (14-76m) months, 9 cases   Conclusion: Arndt endobronchial blockers are useful. Our initial experience has shown that placement with a fiberoptic bronchoscope is easy, acceptably rapid and effective.
Ideal Cardiovascular Health During Adult Life and Cardiovascular Structure and Function Among the Elderly
Authors: Amil M. Shah, Brian Claggett, Aaron R. Folsom, Pamela L. Lutsey, Christie M. Ballantyne, Gerardo Heiss, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: Circulation (2015)

A higher American Heart Association cardiovascular health score (CVHS) predicts a lower incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship of CVHS attainment through midlife to late life with CVD prevalence and cardiovascular structure and function in late life is not well described.The following 6 ideal cardiovascular health metrics were assessed in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants at 5 examination visits between 1987 and 2013: nonsmoking, body mass index <25 kg/m(2), untreated total cholesterol <200 mg/dL, untreated blood pressure <120/<80 mm Hg, fasting blood glucose <100 mg/dL, and ideal physical activity. Attainment over time was assessed as the percentage of maximum possible CVHS metrics achieved at visits 1 through 5, the slope of change in CVHS per decade of follow-up, and CVHS trajectory through follow-up. At visit 5, participant groups were characterized with respect to CVD prevalence (n=6520) and echocardiographic measures of cardiac structure and function (n=5903 free of CVD). CVHS was low at baseline and declined with age. Both greater CVHS attainment and improvement in CVHS during follow-up were associated with a lower prevalence of CVD and better left ventricular structure and systolic and diastolic function at visit 5.Greater attainment of, and improvements in, ideal cardiovascular health through midlife to late life are associated with lower CVD prevalence and better cardiovascular structure and function when elderly. These findings highlight the importance of consistent primordial and primary prevention efforts throughout midlife to late life as a potential intervention to decrease the burden of CVD among the elderly.
Interleukin-1α deficiency attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced liver damage and CHOP expression in mice
Authors: Michal Kandel-Kfir, Tal Almog, Aviv Shaish, Gadi Shlomai, Liat Anafi, Camila Avivi, Iris Barshack, Itamar Grosskopf, Dror Harats, Yehuda Kamari
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Treatment of older patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with one or more postremission chemotherapy courses: Analysis of four CALGB studies.
Authors: M. R. Baer, S. L. George, B. L. Sanford, R. M. Stone, G. Marcucci, R. J. Mayer, R. A. Larson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

6531 Background: AML in older patients is rarely cured by chemotherapy, but treatment is given to induce complete remission (CR) and prolong disease-free and overall survival (DFS, OS). Optimal post-CR chemotherapy has not been defined. We analyzed outcomes in previously untreated de novo AML patients ≥ 60 years (n = 1,525) among 4 consecutive CALGB trials using different consolidation regimens. A randomized trial (8923) produced similar results using 2 courses of cytarabine (AraC) 1 g/m2 x 5 days plus mitoxantrone 10 mg/m2 x 3 days compared to 4 courses of AraC at 100 mg/m2 x 5 days (Blood 2001;98:548). CALGB 9720 used ADE induction (AraC 100 mg/m2, daunorubicin 60 mg/m2 and etoposide 100 mg/m2 for 7, 3 and 3 days) with only a single post-remission course of the same drugs and doses for 5, 2 and 2 days. Methods: Results of 9720 were compared with results from similar patient populations treated on 3 other CALGB trials that used more than one post-CR course – either 4 courses (8525, 8923) or 2 intensified courses (8923, 10201). Results: The CR rate on 9720 did not differ compared to the other trials (52 vs. 53%), but DFS was significantly shorter (medians, 7.0 vs. 9.3 mos; p = 0.002), while OS did not differ (median, 8.4 mos), nor did survival following attainment of CR (13.9 vs. 14.5 mos; p = 0.13). DFS was shorter on 9720 for patients both 60-69 (n = 480; 6.9 vs. 9.3 mos; p = 0.02) and 70-79 (n = 294; 7.4 vs. 10.3 mos; p = 0.04) years; there were too few CR patients ≥ 80 years (n = 20) to allow a reliable conclusion. Conclusions: This historical comparison suggests that a single consolidation course results in significantly shorter DFS for de novo AML patients ≥ 60 years, but has no effect on OS nor survival following attainment of CR. The value of administering additional consolidation courses to prolong DFS without an effect on OS is debatable. Outcomes within cytogenetic and molecular subsets as well as quality of life measurements would be of interest. DFS and OS have remained short among older AML patients over the 25-year period covered by these studies; experimental approaches, including nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in appropriate patients, are thus warranted. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of coadministration of statins on neutropenia in a phase I genotype-directed dose-escalation study of irinotecan.
Authors: F. Innocenti, T. Karrison, J. Ramirez, L. A. Janisch, W. Zhang, K. Wu, M. J. Ratain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3020 Background: Irinotecan is a prodrug for SN-38, a topoisomerase I inhibitor. Homozygozity for UGT1A1*28 increases the risk for severe neutropenia, the most common dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). However, its occurrence remains fairly unpredictable. We are conducting a phase I dose-escalation study in advanced solid tumor patients where dosing is given according to the UGT1A1*28 genotype (Innocenti, ASCO 2007). In the context of this study, we aimed to evaluate whether the occurrence of neutropenia might be due to hitherto undiscovered drug-drug interactions. Methods: Patients (n=33, 26 males) were treated with 700-850 mg (flat dosing) of q3w irinotecan. DLT at cycle 1 was defined as grade (G)4 neutropenia lasting ≥4 days, G≥3 neutropenia on a scheduled treatment day, G≥3 febrile neutropenia, G4 anemia or thrombocytopenia, or G≥3 nonhematological toxicity. Patient charts were reviewed to obtain concurrent medications. Pharmacokinetic analysis of irinotecan and SN-38 was performed at cycle 1. Results: Seven patients had neutropenic DLTs. Irinotecan and SN-38 were associated with decreased log10 ANC nadir (r2=0.39, p<0.001 and r2=0.14, p=0.02, respectively). Review of concomitant medications indicated that patients treated with statins (atorvastatin, lovastatin, rosuvastatin, and simvastatin) tended to have more DLTs, lower ANC nadirs, and higher irinotecan and SN-38 AUCs (Table). The statin effects on ANC nadir (p=0.001), irinotecan AUC (p<0.0001) and SN-38 AUC (p=0.005) remained significant after adjusting for dose in multiple regression. Conclusions: The neutropenic effect of irinotecan may be increased by concomitant administration of statins, possibly through their inhibitory effects on liver uptake by SLCO1B1 and on irinotecan inactivation by CYP3A. If confirmed in larger studies, the irinotecan label should be revised to withhold statins during irinotecan dosing. Statins (n=7) No statins (n=26) P, test UGT1A1*28 heterozygote 3/7 (43%) 16/26 (62%) 0.8, chi-square DLT 4/7 (57%) 5/26 (24%) 0.045, chi-square Log10 ANC nadir (log10 1/μ L) 1.85 3.04 0.0003, t test Irinotecan AUC0-24h (h*μ g/ml) 52.7 33.0 <0.0001, t test SN-38 AUC0-24h (h*ng/ml) 820 464 0.008, t test Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration University of Chicago
A combined treatment approach for cachexia and cancer-related anemia in advanced cancer patients: A randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Authors: Clelia Madeddu, Giulia Gramignano, Luciana Tanca, Maria Cristina Cherchi, Carlo Aurelio Floris, Antonio Macciò
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

189 Background: Cancer progression is characterized by specific energy metabolism alterations and by symptoms including fatigue, anorexia, nausea, depression, which results in cachexia syndrome and compromised quality of life (QL). This condition is often associated to anemia (cancer-related anemia, CRA), which negatively impacts patient QL and disease outcome. Methods: Adult advanced cancer patients with cachexia (i.e., weight loss &gt; 5% in the previous 6 months) and CRA were randomly assigned (1:1 by computer generated list) to receive 3 months of a combined approach consisting of celecoxib (200 mg/day), L-carnitine (2 g/day), curcumin (Meriva) (4 g/day) and lactoferrin (200 mg/day) or placebo. The rationale for selecting these agents was: L-carnitine for modulating cell energy metabolism; celecoxib for counteracting inflammation, which is a key feature of cachexia; curcumin for its antiinflammatory and antioxidant action, without disregarding its action on the NF-kB and JAK-STAT pathway and the related synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines; lactoferrin for its ability to regulate iron metabolism in anemic cancer patients. Primary endpoints were improvement of lean body mass (LBM), appetite, fatigue and anemia. Additionally, we assessed the impact of treatment on the main metabolic/inflammatory and iron metabolism parameters: C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, leptin, reactive oxygen species (ROS), glutathione peroxidase, serum iron, ferritin, hepcidin and erythropoietin (EPO). Results: From January 2013 to March 2014, 66 patients have been enrolled. The combination arm was more effective than placebo arm in improving body weight, LBM, appetite, fatigue, and anemia. Among secondary parameters IL-6, TNF-α, CRP, ROS, ferritin, hepcidin and EPO decreased, while leptin increased significantly in the combination arm. No significant changes were observed in the placebo arm. Conclusions: To date a standard effective treatment of cancer cachexia is lacking. Our combined multitargeted approach was able to improve the nutritional and immunometabolic alterations of cachexia, ameliorate patient QL and correct CRA.
LSC 2011 Abstract: Association of IL-9 and IL-4R genes and their phenotypes among Sudanese with asthma
Authors: Amel Gundi, Omer A. Aziz Musa, Montasir Ibrahim Eltayb, Hiba Salah Mohamed
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Asthma is a “complex” heritable disorder, candidate genes that may be involved in the pathogenesis of asthma including: interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 (Postma et al. 1995). Asthma prevalence  in Sudan  was found to be 12.5% in children aged 13-14 year in the Capital Khartoum (Mohamed et al. 1999).   Objectives:  To detect polymorphisms of IL-9 in chromosome 5 and iIL-4R in chromosome16 contributing to asthma and to estimate the environmental components: Total immunoglobulin E levels, skin prick test, and eosinophil count in Sudanese population.   Methods:  Seventy, nuclear and extended families were sampled in the initial phase of the study. Ventilatory function, skin, prick test blood sample for DNA analysis, immunoglobulin E, eosinophil count were carried out in the whole sample. Genotyping for IL-9, IL-4R and IL-13, polymorphisms using PCR were also carried out for a subset of the sample.   Results:  Phenotypic analyses of the pedigrees suggest a likely genetic cause for asthma, as shown in one extended family. Level of total immunoglobulin E was found to be 71% in asthmatic, and 24% in non asthmatic. Eosinophil count was found to be 58% in asthmatic, while found to be 17.4% in non asthmatic. Hypersensitivity symptoms to six allergens showed positive skin test. (p = 0.00). Genotyping for IL-9, IL-4R suggest the presence of association for bothIL-9 and IL4R ( P =0.008&0.007).   Conclusions:  Asthma runs in families showing strong linkage to genes. There seems to be sufficient phenotypic and genotypic indicators to suggest a genetic predisposition component to asthma among Sudanese, and warrant some furthers investigation.
Functional and molecular disparities between mesenchymal stem cells from various pulmonary disorders
Authors: Carlos Rio, Andreas Jahn, Pau Marti, Amanda Iglesias, Laura Fueyo, Orlando Gigirey, Juan Antonio Torrecilla, Angel Carvajal, Catalina Balaguer, Aina Noguera, Alejandro Peralta, Luis Ortiz, Ernest Sala-Llinas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:  Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) have been shown to contribute to pulmonary repair and regeneration in lung injury models. However, it is still unknown whether MSCs from patients with chronic diseases have the same regenerative / reparative capacity than MSCs from healthy subjects (H).   Aims:  To study the functional and molecular response of bone marrow (BM)-MSCs and adipose derived (AD)-MSCs from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and H.   Methods:  We have evaluated: 1) the cellular response of MSCs to VEGFs, PDFGs, tobacco; and, 2) the expression level of some of the associated growth factor receptors (GFR). MSCs were isolated from sternal aspirated BM samples and subcutaneous fat from subjects undergoing thoracic surgery. MSC functional response was real time monitored with the xCELLigence system. The amount of GFR was analyzed by RT-PCR and with LI-COR9s Odyssey system. Tyrosine phosphorylation was checked by Western Blot.   Results:  1) MSCs from different origins respond to VEGF121, VEGF165, PDGFAA and PDFGBB indistinctive ways; 2) PDGFBB elicits the greatest response in tyrosine phosphorylation; 3) BM-COPD cells and ADSC-IPF cells have a significantly higher PDGFR beta expression than cells from H; and, 4) There seems to be a gradient response to tobacco stimulation, being MSC-COPD cells more sensitive than cells from other origins.   Conclusions:  MSC-COPD and ADSC-IPF exhibit molecular and functional differences. Additional evaluation of these cells is needed to elucidate their potential involvement in the pathogenesis of these diseases.  Supported by PI10-00983, PI12-01152, SEPAR 2011 and 2013.
COPD assessment test correlation with the increase of the inflammatory markers in COPD exacerbations
Authors: Zeno-Ioan Fratila, Ionela Iovan, Dorin Vancea
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  COPD is associated with systemic inflammation and it is a known fact that the COPD exacerbations are accompanied by an augmentation of the serum levels of the inflammatory markers. Aim of the study was to evaluate a correlation between the level of systemic inflammatory markers and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score in patients with hospitalization COPD exacerbations.   Methods:  The CAT test questionnaire was implemented in 53 patients COPD GOLD stage II-IV acute exacerbations.The score changes obtained were compared with the modification of usually serum inflammatory markers (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, CRP, fibrinogen).   Results:  It was found that from the group of 53 patients, 14 had a score of >30, 31 had >20, 8 between 10-20 and none had a score   Conclusions:  There is a level of correlation between the high values of serum inflammatory markers and the CA test scores, obvious in patients with moderate to severe exacerbations, presenting a higher CAT score (78.57%) in contrast (p=0.0108) with a weak association (12.5%) in patients with low score of the questionnaire and mild exacerbations.
An Update on Maryland’s All-Payer Approach to Reforming the Delivery of Health Care
Authors: Joshua M. Sharfstein, Donna Kinzer, John M. Colmers
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

This Viewpoint discusses Maryland’s shift away from fee-for-service reimbursement models tied to volume and toward alternate structures that cap payments and reward hospitals and physicians for delivering better health and quality outcomes at lower costs.
Evaluation of IgG serum level and PCR of respiratory secretion for Bordetella pertussis among adult suspected patients with whooping cough more than two weeks
Authors: Mehrzad Bahtouee, Seyed Hamidreza Moezzi, Zahra Nasirbagheban, Paria Panahinia
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Pertussis is one of the respiratory infection with prolong whooping cough. Despite high childhood vaccination coverage, an increasing number of adult with pertussis recently is reported in the literature. This study was performed to determine the prevalence of pertussis among suspected patients with two weeks cough or more according to serum IgG and PCR of respiratory secretion.  Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we checked serum IgG (ELISA) level and PCR (Real time PCR) of respiratory secretion for B.pertussis from forty patients (twelve male and twenty eight female) with two weeks whooping cough or more and dyspnea that had normal chest radiography and spirometry. They referred to Booali hospital in 2013.  Results: All patients had history of vaccination. Thirty five percent of patients had family history of recent similar symptoms. It was seen that all patients (100%) had positive IgG results. The PCR was positive in six patients (15%) that all of them had started their problems less than three weeks.  Conclusion: Totally, according to the obtained results in this study and comparison with other studies, it may be concluded that pertussis is cause of prolong cough in some adult. Consequently, serologic evaluation and PCR of respiratory secretion for diagnosis Bordetella pertussis are useful.
Small Brain Lesions and Incident Stroke and Mortality
Authors: B. Gwen Windham, Bradley Deere, Michael E. Griswold, Wanmei Wang, Daniel C. Bezerra, Dean Shibata, Kenneth Butler, David Knopman, Rebecca F. Gottesman, Gerardo Heiss, Thomas H. Mosley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Although cerebral lesions 3 mm or larger on imaging are associated with incident stroke, lesions smaller than 3 mm are typically ignored.To examine stroke risks associated with subclinical brain lesions (<3 mm only, ≥3 mm only, and both sizes) and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs).Community cohort from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) Study.Two ARIC sites with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 1993 to 1995.1884 adults aged 50 to 73 years with MRI, no prior stroke, and average follow-up of 14.5 years.Lesions on MRI (by size), WMH score (scale of 0 to 9), incident stroke, all-cause mortality, and stroke-related mortality. Hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated with proportional hazards models.Compared with no lesions, stroke risk tripled with lesions smaller than 3 mm only (HR, 3.47 [95% CI, 1.86 to 6.49]), doubled with lesions 3 mm or larger only (HR, 1.94 [CI, 1.22 to 3.07]), was 8-fold higher with lesions of both sizes (HR, 8.59 [CI, 4.69 to 15.73]), and doubled with a WMH score of at least 3 (HR, 2.14 [CI, 1.45 to 3.16]). Risk for stroke-related death tripled with lesions smaller than 3 mm only (HR, 3.05 [CI, 1.04 to 8.94]) and was 7 times higher with lesions of both sizes (HR, 6.97 [CI, 2.03 to 23.93]).Few strokes (especially hemorrhagic) and few participants with lesions smaller than 3 mm only or lesions of both sizes.Very small cerebrovascular lesions may be associated with increased risks for stroke and death; presence of lesions smaller than 3 mm and 3 mm or larger may result in a particularly striking risk increase. Larger studies are needed to confirm findings and provide more precise estimates.National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.