tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE VALUE OF MILK LABORATORIES FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF OUR KNOWLEDGE OF ARTIFICIAL FEEDING.
Authors: T. M. ROTCH
Journal: JAMA (1892)

Two important factors are demanded by physicians of the present day in solving the problem of rational medicine: First, a means of saving time; second, exact methods of work. I have long felt that the artificial feeding of infants should be reduced to a more exact system, and that in this way an endeavor should be made to rescue this important branch of pediatrics from the pretensions of proprietary foods and the hands of ignorant nurses. With this purpose in view, I have established a laboratory in which the materials used are clean, sterile, and exact in their percentages, and are combined in any proportion that the physician may wish to prescribe. Laboratories of this kind should be established everywhere, and physicians should write prescriptions for their infant patients' food and put them in the hands of the milk-modifier in his laboratory, just as they write for combinations of drugs
Medicine in the time of SARS
Authors: A. C F Hui
Journal: BMJ (2003)

When asked why they became a doctor, some elite beings may be able to reply, “To make a difference,” with a straight face, but most ordinary mortals find it difficult to articulate their nebulous reasons without feeling awkward or boring the questioner. Why endure long hours, stress at work, indifferent working conditions, abusive patients, and, now, risk of serious infection? To date, a quarter of the 1268 people with severe acute respiratory syndrome …
The therapeutic value of retinoic acid in chronic discoid, acute guttate, and erythrodermic psoriasis: clinical observations on twenty-five patients
Authors: S. GUNTHER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

SUMMARY

Twenty-five patients with chronic discoid, acute guttate or erythrodermic psoriasis were treated with retinoic acid in various preparations, topical and oral, and the clinical response was observed for up to 3 months. Only four patients showed distinct clinical improvement. The possible side effects of topical retinoic acid therapy are mentioned.
Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest and B Cell Terminal Differentiation by CDK Inhibitor p18 and IL-6
Authors: Leslie Morse, Dongquan Chen, David Franklin, Yue Xiong, Selina Chen-Kiang
Journal: Immunity (1997)

Cell cycle arrest and cell death are tightly coupled to terminal differentiation of B cells to plasma cells in vivo. This process was recapitulated in vitro by stimulation of IgG-bearing human B lymphoblastoid cells with interleukin-6 (IL-6), which led to orderly cell cycle arrest, differentiation, and apoptosis. In terminally differentiated plasmacytoid cells, phosphorylation of pRb was suppressed, correlating with the activation of the D-type cyclin–dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p18 INK4c and p21 WAF1/CIP1. The expression of CDK6, however, remained unchanged. Activation of p18 by IL-6 was rapid, concomitant with marked enhancement of its association with CDK6 and cell cycle arrest. Overexpression of p18 in IgM-bearing lymphoblastoid cells, which differentiated in response to IL-6 but did not exit the cell cycle, reconstituted coupled differentiation and cell cycle arrest. Thus, CDK inhibitors, in particular p18, are likely to play a pivotal role in controlling cell cycle arrest and cell death in terminal differentiation of late-stage B cells to plasma cells via inhibition of pRb phosphorylation by CDK6.
A call for national monitoring of antibiotic prophylaxis
Authors: Neil Herring, David C Sprigings
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) recently published guidelines on antibiotic prophylaxis for preventing infective endocarditis in high risk patients with structural heart disease.1 2 The guidelines no longer recommend their use during dental and other invasive procedures of the respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and upper and lower gastrointestinal …
Groups Spar Over New Hypertension Guidelines
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Body Build and Obesity— Who Are the Obese?
Authors: Carl C. Seltzer, Jean Mayer
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Although THE importance of genetic and constitutional factors in animal obesities is well-recognized and documented,<sup>1</sup>surprisingly little information is available on the role of constitutional factors in human obesities. We need to know whether or not there are people who, under favorable environmental circumstances, are more predisposed than others to the development of obesity by their constitutional make-up and related genetic endowment. Since the expression of obesity is so overtly morphological, any systematic approach to this problem must include a study of the morphological constitution of obese subjects. Among the many questions to be answered are the following: (1) Do obese subjects differ from nonobese in morphological features other than differences in amount of fatty tissue? (2) Does obesity occur among all varieties of physical types? (3) Does obesity occur with greater frequency in some physical types than in others? The present study attempts, on the basis of data
Nitinol versus steel partially covered self-expandable metal stent for malignant distal biliary obstruction: a randomized trial
Authors: Claes Soderlund, Stefan Linder, Per Bergenzaun, Tomas Grape, Hans-Olof Hakansson, Anders Kilander, Gert Lindell, Martin Ljungman, Bo Ohlin, Jorgen Nielsen, Claes Rudberg, Per-Ove Stotzer, Erik Svartholm, Ervin Toth, Farshad Frozanpor
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aims:</b> Covered nitinol alloy self-expandable metal stents (SEMSs) have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of steel SEMS in patients with malignant biliary obstruction. In a randomized, multicenter trial, we compared stent patency, patient survival, and adverse events in patients with partly covered stents made from steel or nitinol. <b>Patients and methods:</b> A total of 400 patients with unresectable distal malignant biliary obstruction were randomized at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) to insertion of a steel or nitinol partially covered SEMS, with 200 patients in each group. The primary outcome was confirmed stent failure during 300 days of follow-up. <b>Results:</b> At 300 days, the proportion of patients with patent stents was 77 % in the steel group, compared with 89 % in the nitinol group (<i>P</i> = 0.01). Confirmed stent failure occurred more often in the steel SEMS group compared with the nitinol SEMS group, in 30 versus 14 patients (<i>P</i> = 0.02). Stent migration occurred in 13 patients in the steel group and in 3 patients in the nitinol group (<i>P</i> = 0.01). Median patient survival (secondary outcome) was 137 days and 120 days in the steel SEMS and nitinol SEMS groups, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.59). <b>Conclusions:</b> The nitinol SEMS showed longer patency time, and the nitinol group had fewer patients with stent failure, compared with the steel SEMS group. We could not detect any differences between the two groups regarding survival time, and regarding adverse event rate. Clinical trial registration : NCT 00980889
THE TREATMENT OF STRABISMUS IN YOUNG CHILDREN.
Authors: ALBERT RUFUS BAKER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Ever since Donders taught us the intimate relation between convergence and accommodation we have known that the rational cure of squint is an early correction of the error of refraction; but, owing to the difficulty of accurately correcting errors of refraction in young children, we have usually waited until the child was old enough to assist us by reading the test type. Then it is too late to cure the majority of cases, and we are obliged to resort to an operation, which has yielded fairly satisfactory results from a cosmetic point of view, but unfortunately it does not restore binocular vision, and in many cases the permanent results of the operations have been far from ideal, many cases later in life developing a divergent strabismus—a deformity greater than the original one. Indeed, it has come to pass, as Browne has well said:<sup>1</sup> We are all the inheritors of
Radionuclide Renography in Renovascular Hypertension and Double Renal Arteries
Authors: JEAN LETTE, MICHEL CERINO, ANNE BOUCHER, JACQUES FRIBORG, RAYMOND DANDAVINO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Conventional scintigraphic criteria for renovascular hypertension assume that each kidney has a single renal artery. We describe the scintigraphic pattern of renovascular disease in a patient with a single right renal artery and double left renal arteries.
Lesions of the Symphysis in Athletes
Authors: N. H. Harris, R. O. Murray
Journal: BMJ (1974)

In a radiological study of the pubic symphysis in 37 athletes (26 footballers and 11 others) and 156 young men as controls changes similar to those of osteitis pubis were found in 19 (76%) of the footballers and nine of the other athletes (81%) and 70 of the controls (45%). In the controls there was a significant correlation between their athletic ability and these changes.The clinical features consist of pain in the region of the pubis which may radiate to the groin or lower abdomen. Clicking may be present and indicates instability. Local tenderness is the only significant sign. Radiographs may show a combination of marginal irregularity, reactive sclerosis, and instability.A chronic stress lesion in the iliac component of a sacro-iliac joint was found in 20 out of 37 athletes, and 13 of them had instability at the pubic symphysis.It is concluded that repeated minor trauma is the primary aetiological factor. Though the radiological appearance may resemble that of osteitis pubis, there was no evidence that infection caused the lesion in this series. Spontaneous remission of symptoms is the most likely outcome. Rest from physical exertion is the most effective treatment, and stabilization of the pubic symphysis is indicated only rarely.
PFI scheme is blamed for financial collapse of Peterborough and Stamford trust
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A hospital trust that went ahead with a private finance initiative deal despite warnings over its affordability has been declared “financially unstable in its current form” by the health sector regulator, Monitor.

Peterborough and Stamford Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, which had already faced criticism from MPs over its “catastrophic” private finance initiative (PFI), would fail to pay staff if it did not receive a lifeline from the Department of Health for England, Monitor said.

The trust had built up …
Loss-of-function of the protein kinase C δ (PKCδ) causes a B-cell lymphoproliferative syndrome in humans
Authors: Hye Sun Kuehn, Julie E. Niemela, Andreia Rangel-Santos, Mingchang Zhang, Stefania Pittaluga, Jennifer L. Stoddard, Ashleigh A. Hussey, Moses O. Evbuomwan, Debra A. Long Priel, Douglas B. Kuhns, C. Lucy Park, Thomas A. Fleisher, Gulbu Uzel, João B. Oliveira
Journal: Blood (2013)
A Randomized Trial Evaluating a Predominantly Fetal Growth–Based Strategy to Guide Management of Gestational Diabetes in Caucasian Women
Authors: Stephanie A. Amiel, Maggie Blott
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Schaefer-Graf et al. (1) rightly suggest that the management of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) should be based on more than glycemic factors alone. However, the study in which they conclude that strict glycemic control is not useful in the absence of the measurements of fetal overgrowth has two unusual features.

The authors’ criteria for diagnosing GDM are lower than those of the World Health Organization or the American Diabetes Association, and they may be including women who could be considered normal. This is supported by the …
IMPACT OF VENOUS PRESSURE ON FRACTIONAL FLOW RESERVE MEASUREMENT IN INTERMEDIATE CORONARY LESIONS OF HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS
Authors: Akiyoshi Kurita, Hiroaki Takashima, Katsuhisa Waseda, Yasushi Kuhara, Kenji Asai, Yasuo Kuroda, Takashi Kosaka, Hirohiko Ando, Kazuyuki Maeda, Daiki Kato, Shinichirou Sakurai, Akihiro Suzuki, Tetsuya Amano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
On Speaking to Patients
Authors: ROBERT H. MOSER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Editorials1 September 1964On Speaking to PatientsROBERT H. MOSERROBERT H. MOSERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-3-588 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe traditional relationship between doctor and patient has come upon strange and stormy times. The climate of public reaction to the physician has turned somewhat chill. The classic portrait of the clinician brooding in elegant solitude at the bedside has been displaced by less admirable images. One need but turn on the television set at an unfortunate moment to realize how far our star has descended. The pressures of modern society have converged to a degree that the equanimity so prized by Dr. Osler seems an unobtainable nirvana.However, we are not without sin.At times, it seems as though... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: MC Tripler General Hospital Honolulu, Hawaii PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1964Volume 61, Issue 3Page: 588-591 Issue Published: 1 September 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines and Adipokines Are Associated With Increased Risk of Barrett's Esophagus: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Jose M. Garcia, Andres E. Splenser, Jennifer Kramer, Abeer Alsarraj, Stephanie Fitzgerald, David Ramsey, Hashem B. El–Serag
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2013)
The Abdominal Policeman
Authors: Leonard I. Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In 1906 Rutherford Morrison (<i>Brit Med J</i><b>1</b>:76, 1906) coined the term, "the abdominal policeman," referring to the greater omentum. He likened this structure to a jellyfish which coursed about the peritoneal cavity taking care of "whatever mischief is brewing." This concept has persisted for over half a century despite critical investigative work which has demonstrated that the greater omentum has neither sensory power nor an intrinsic mobility. Its only muscle fibers are those within the walls of the blood vessels. Its movement is entirely passive, and its involvement in an inflammatory process is a matter of circumstance, not design. The functions of the greater omentum are those of any mesentery, fixation of viscera and blood supply, although bactericidal activity has been demonstrated. It can be absent, or totally removed without evidence of harm to the individual. This colorful epithet is often quoted and widely known,
Dominant negative mutants of the duck hepatitis B virus core protein interfere with RNA pregenome packaging and viral DNA synthesis
Authors: Fritz von Weizsäcker, Josef Köck, Stefan Wieland, Wolf-Bernhard Offensperger, Hubert E. Blum
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Dominant negative (DN) mutants of the hepadnaviral core protein are potent inhibitors of viral replication. We have previously shown that fusion of sequences derived from the duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) polymerase (Pol), DHBV small surface protein (S), bacterial β-galactosidase (lacZ), or green fluorescent protein (GFP) to the carboxy terminus of the DHBV core protein yields DN mutants that inhibit viral replication at the posttranslational level. To elucidate the mechanism(s) of their antiviral action, we analyzed the effect of the DN mutants on RNA pregenome packaging and nucleocapsid assembly. Core-Pol and core-S, but not core-lacZ or core-GFP, markedly interfered with RNA pregenome packaging. Nucleocapsid formation was not affected by any of the mutants. The DN core-GFP fusion protein formed mixed particles with wild-type core protein in the cytoplasm of cotransfected cells and interfered with reverse transcription of the viral pregenome. A subpopulation of chimeric nucleocapsids, however, was shown to overcome the block in DNA synthesis and produce mature viral DNA. Thus, at least 2 steps within the viral life cycle can be targeted by DN DHBV core proteins: 1) packaging of the viral pregenome; and 2) reverse transcription within mixed particles. The fact that some mixed particles retain replication competence demonstrates a high structural flexibility of nucleocapsids and indicates a possible mechanism of viral escape.
Mutations in ANKRD26 are responsible for a frequent form of inherited thrombocytopenia: analysis of 78 patients from 21 families
Authors: Patrizia Noris, Silverio Perrotta, Marco Seri, Alessandro Pecci, Chiara Gnan, Giuseppe Loffredo, Nuria Pujol-Moix, Marco Zecca, Francesca Scognamiglio, Daniela De Rocco, Francesca Punzo, Federica Melazzini, Saverio Scianguetta, Maddalena Casale, Caterina Marconi, Tommaso Pippucci, Giovanni Amendola, Lucia D. Notarangelo, Catherine Klersy, Elisa Civaschi, Carlo L. Balduini, Anna Savoia
Journal: Blood (2011)
General practice: a blurred snapshot.
Authors: P Day, R Klein
Journal: BMJ (1987)

One of the characteristics of the current debate about the future of primary health care is the extent to which policy options are being discussed in a vacuum of information. Those contracted to provide the family practitioner services are, as the 1986 green paper on primary health care pointed out,  66000 small businesses.1 And, like small businesses in general, they tend to treat information about their own activities as private property. Not only is this incompatible with the increasing emphasis on public accountability for the way in which public resources are used, whether in the public or private sectors,2 but, equally, such professional incLU vidualism may be at odds with the collective self interest of the profession in being able to engage in informed dialogue. So, in the case of general practice, the annual confrontation between the profession and the review body has all too often turned into a dialogue of the deaf in the absence of the information required to resolve disagreement. The profession has tended to argue that remuneration should rise to reflect its growing workloads; the Department of Health and Social Security has responded by challenging the assertion that workloads have increased, and the review body has lacked the data to come to a definitive conclusion either way.
Small molecule antagonists for chemokine CCR3 receptors
Authors: Lianne I. Willems, Ad P. IJzerman
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2009)

The chemokine receptor CCR3 is believed to play a role in the development of allergic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. Despite the conflicting results that have been reported regarding the importance of eosinophils and CCR3 in allergic inflammation, inhibition of this receptor with small molecule antagonists is thought to provide a valuable approach for the treatment of these diseases. This review describes the structure-activity relationships (SAR) of small molecule CCR3 antagonists as reported in the scientific and patent literature. Various chemical classes of small molecule CCR3 antagonists have been described so far, including (bi)piperidine and piperazine derivatives, N-arylalkylpiperidine urea derivatives and (N-ureidoalkyl)benzylpiperidines, phenylalanine derivatives, morpholinyl derivatives, pyrrolidinohydroquinazolines, arylsulfonamides, amino-alkyl amides, imidazole- and pyrimidine-based antagonists, and bicyclic diamines. The (N-ureidoalkyl)benzylpiperidines are the best studied class in view of their generally high affinity and antagonizing potential. For many of these antagonists subnanomolar IC(50) values were reported for binding to CCR3 along with the ability to effectively inhibit intracellular calcium mobilization and eosinophil chemotaxis induced by CCR3 agonist ligands in vitro.
Evidence-Based Medicine Gaining Supporters
Authors: Aaron Levin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Currents15 February 1998Evidence-Based Medicine Gaining SupportersAaron LevinAaron LevinAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-4-199802150-00057 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Lawrence Smith, MD, of Mount Sinai Medical Center in New York City, recalled a recent episode on morning rounds: "A consulting physician recommended antibiotics to treat a patient with pancreatitis. A resident challenged him, and the consultant quoted one recent study. The resident went to the library, reviewed the literature, and found that the study in question applied only to a more severe form of pancreatitis, not to our patient." Backing up clinical decisions with validated information is the heart of evidence-based medicine (EBM) in the clinic, an approach gaining more adherents all the time."We organized an evidence-based medicine ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Aaron LevinAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAn Efficient Method for the Euthanasia of Cane Toads (Rhinella marina) under Northern Australian Field ConditionsPrinciples of Evidence-Based Imaging for Adults and ChildrenThe role of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) of older adults in clinical studiesEvidence-Based Imaging: Principles1 Principles of Evidence-Based ImagingPrinciples of Evidence-Based ImagingO knowledge, where art thou?Reengineering Clinical Research with InformaticsEvidence-Based Radiology and the ACR Appropriateness Criteria®Evidenzbasierte Chirurgie und QualitätssicherungPrognostic Importance of Elevated Jugular Venous Pressure and a Third Heart Sound in Patients with Heart FailureApplying 'Technology Assessment' and 'Evidence Based Medicine' Theory to Interventional RadiologyPart 1: Suggestions for the Phased Evaluation of New ProceduresMeasuring Health Outcomes for Older People Using the Sage DatabaseWhat's the Evidence?Knowledge and attitudes of Malaysian private medical practitioners toward guidelines‐based medicineWas ist evidenz-basierte Medizin?Recent progress in health services research: on the need for evidence-based debateEvidence-Based Practice in Health CarePrinciples of Evidence-Based Imaging 15 February 1998Volume 128, Issue 4Page: 334-336KeywordsChildrenClinical epidemiologyComputersEvidence based medicineHealth careInternetLibrariesPancreatitisResidencyStroke ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...