tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1973: Falcarindiol induces colorectal cancer cell death through activation of ER stress
Authors: Hongri Jin
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Current treatment of this cancer generally employs surgical resection combined with chemotherapy using cytotoxic drugs and radiation therapy. Because this therapy is only moderately successful for late stage cancers, novel approaches to the treatment of colorectal cancer are required. Falcarindiol is a natural polyyne from medicinal plant Oplopanax horridus that has been widely used by indigenous people for a variety of diseases. We show that Falcarindiol can selectively kill colon cancer cells but not the normal colon cells. We further show that the observed cell death is mediated through the induction of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress. We further show that inhibition of ER stress significantly block Falcarindiol-induced colon cancer cell death while knockdown of GRP78, which sensitizes cells to ER stress induced cell death, significantly enhances Falcarindiol-induced cell killing. Interestingly, we find that Falcarindiol exhibits synergistic anticancer activity with 5-FU, a chemotherapeutic drug for colon cancer. These results suggest that Falcarindiol is potentially a valuable candidate that can be used to in the treatment of colon cancer either alone or in combination with current anti-colon cancer agent such as 5-FU. Key words: Falcarindiol; Colon cancer; ER Stress; Cell death. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1973. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1973
Stents covered by an autologous arterial graft in porcine coronary arteries: feasibility, vascular injury and effect on neointimal hyperplasia
Authors: C Stefanadis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: The use of stents has improved results after balloon coronary angioplasty. Several materials have been proposed for covering the metallic surface of the stent to reduce the rate of subacute thrombosis and restenosis. In our institution, an autologous arterial graft was used for covering the external surface of a conventional stent. The angiographic and histological response in a porcine coronary artery model was investigated. Methods: An autologous arterial graft was removed from the femoral artery and carefully prepared. Subsequently, a conventional stent was covered externally by the arterial graft. Twenty-two covered stents and 22 uncovered regular stents were implanted alternatively in the coronary arteries of 22 pigs. One animal died immediately after the procedure, due to thrombus formation in the uncovered stent. Six animals were sacrificed at seven days and the remaining animals were sacrificed at two months. Before the sacrifice, coronary angiography was performed in all animals. Results: Thrombosis was detected in two control segments and in one covered stented segment. After seven days, the luminal surface of the covered stents was covered by a new endothelial layer in contrast to partial endothelial cell appearance in the control group. The angiographic parameters were similar between the two groups. Histologically, the covered stents were associated with less vascular injury compared to uncovered stents. In covered stents a trend towards reduction of maximal intimal hyperplasia was detected (covered: 116.6±47.75 vs uncovered: 150.25±46.81 μm, p=0.08); also the thickness of the arterial media was reduced (covered: 21.34±10.28 vs uncovered: 102.63±18.71 μm, p=0.02). The luminal and vessel areas were similar in the two groups. Conclusions: The preparation and implantation of the autologous arterial graft-covered stent is technically safe and feasible. This type of covered stent results in accelerated endothelialization, less vascular injury, thinning of the arterial media and a trend to reduce the intimal hyperplasia in normal coronary arteries.
Carcinoma In Situ in Pregnancy
Authors: J. Ernest Ayre
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Carcinoma in situ is a frequent finding in pregnancy when cytologic methods are applied as a routine screening procedure. Such testing has been done without risk and has been applied at all stages. Cancer found when unsuspected and in a preclinical state rarely demands radical treatment. Modern management of early lesions which are preinvasive calls for conservative measures and cytologic follow-up, in contrast to clinical cancer, which demands immediate and often radical therapy. The recommended method for adequate biopsy is the cold-knife cone or "ring-biopsy" with the Ayre-Scott conization knife with disposable blade. Infiltration with 100 to 300 ml. of a saline-epinephrine solution makes it possible to excise the surgical specimen without loss of blood. Performed preferably after the third month of pregnancy, the conization procedure is safe.
Postmenopausal Estrogens—Opposed, Unopposed, or None of the Above
Authors: Walter C. Willett, Graham Colditz, Meir Stampfer
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Measurement of Left Ventricular Wall Thickness and Mass by Echocardiography
Authors: BART L. TROY, JOAQUIN POMBO, CHARLES E. RACKLEY
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Echocardiographic measurements of minor axis and wall thickness and calculations from these two measurements of left ventricular end-diastolic volume and mass were performed in 24 patients and compared with angiocardiographic measurements of the same variables in corresponding patients. The echo-measured left ventricular end-diastolic chamber dimension (D d ) correlated closely with the angiographic minor axis in the AP plane (correlation coefficient 0.87 and se ± 0.45 cm) and with the minor axis from the lateral film (r = 0.91, se ±0.39 cm). Similar correlations were found between measurements by these methods of wall thickness (r = 0.89, se ±1.3 mm), of end-diastolic volume (r = 0.94, se ±30.6 cc), and of left ventricular mass (r = 0.88, se ±49.19 g). The reproducibility of this method was established by independent recordings and measurements of echo Polaroid films by two observers. The percent systolic wall thickening, as determined by echocardiography, identified subjects with ejection fractions greater or less than 0.50. Echocardiography offers a reliable and reproducible method for measuring left ventricular wall thickness and mass. Finally, ultrasound may provide an accurate method for measuring systolic wall thickening in man.
Don't Share Razors or Toothbrushes
Authors: Richard Frothingham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 July 1994Don't Share Razors or ToothbrushesRichard Frothingham, MDRichard Frothingham, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-2-199407150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Shapiro's review [1] of the transmission of hepatitis viruses was excellent. He noted that those with hepatitis B virus or C virus infection should not share razor blades or toothbrushes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention made a similar recommendation regarding the human immunodeficiency virus. Razors and toothbrushes are frequently contaminated with blood and come into contact with nonintact skin or mucous membranes. In a health care setting, they would be considered semi-critical instruments that require high-level disinfection between patients [2].Those who work in hospitals, where even the bedpans are disposable, may find it ...References1. Shapiro CN. Transmission of hepatitis viruses. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 120:82-4. Google Scholar2. Rutala WA. APIC guideline for selection and use of disinfectants. Am J Infect Control. 1990; 18:99-117. Google Scholar3. Gillette touts a gender-specific razor. Consumer Reports. 1993; 58:125. Google Scholar4. Atmore C, Milne A, Pearce N. Modes of hepatitis B virus transmission in New Zealand. N Z Med J. 1989; 102:277-80. Google Scholar5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV transmission between two adolescent brothers with hemophilia. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1993; 42:948-51. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Richard Frothingham, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRisk of blood-borne infections in barber shops 15 July 1994Volume 121, Issue 2Page: 153-154KeywordsHealth careHepatitis B virusHepatitis virusesHIVInfectious hepatitisMedical risk factorsMucous membranesNursing homesOdds ratioPathogens ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
"Medical Instruction of the Laity in the Lay Press."
Authors: A. L. Herron
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Milwaukee, Wis., May 17, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I was considerably interested in the letter of Dr. Shastid published upon the subject of medical education of the laity. It must be admitted that the Doctor's idea is very clever and ingenious, but altogether impracticable for the following very simple reasons: Doctors possess the same human nature as do other people, and it is altogether unreasonable to expect them to devote their time to writing articles unsigned and for no pay, Physicians, merely because they are more humanitarian than people of other professions, should not be asked to devote their time and talents for the medical education of the people without financial remuneration or fame. I might urge other objections to the Doctor's scheme, but the one mentioned is greatest, for it would be simply impossible to secure a good staff of writers who would write anonymously and for nothing. This
p38αMAPK interacts with and inhibits RARα: suppression of the kinase enhances the therapeutic activity of retinoids in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: M Gianni, M Peviani, N Bruck, A Rambaldi, G Borleri, M Terao, M Kurosaki, G Paroni, C Rochette-Egly, E Garattini
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Europe in transition: Dietary fat is not the villain
Authors: Uffe Ravnskov
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Time to wake up to cancer's tollEditor-As exemplified by your theme issue on Africa of 1 October, cancer has remained comparatively neglected in Africa although increasingly prevalent: 70% of people with cancer live in the economically developing world, where by 2020 the annual death toll is predicted to reach 20 million. 1 In sub-Saharan Africa measures to prevent cancer emphasised in the developed world-such as smoking cessation and screening-are not nationally adopted.One third of African cancers are preventable, but the influence of tobacco companies with mass media advertising and high crop payments is real.Traditional cancers, such as gastric and hepatocellular carcinoma, and newer cancers, such as lung cancer, breast cancer, and AIDS related Kaposi's sarcoma, are increasing in incidence. 2 3 Patients' expectations for oncological treatment are low in Africa.Lack of money, or a concern not to place their family in debt, prevents many from seeking medical help. 4 Lack of awareness of predisposing factors, warning symptoms or signs of cancer, or treatment options mean that patients present late.Cost and difficulty of travel over rough terrain also discourage service use.After diagnosis patients may tend to look for peace of mind and spiritual comfort rather than a physical cure.In Africa disease modifying cancer treatment and basic control of symptoms are largely absent.Even when analgesia is available, patients with cancer may experience severe and inadequately managed pain, as health professionals underprescribe strong analgesics, fearing drug dependency. 5 Individual sub-Saharan countries cannot tackle the challenges of cancer in isolation.A new, cooperative approach and research base are being advocated for preventing, treating, and palliating cancer to bridge the gap between developed and developing nations.
Controlling Spending for Prescription Drugs
Authors: Stuart H. Altman, Cindy Parks-Thomas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

It is not surprising that spending for prescription drugs is the fastest-growing component of health care in the United States. Just 12 years ago, prescription drugs accounted for 6 percent of total spending on personal health. Today, drugs account for over 9 percent of health spending, and the projections suggest that they could account for 14 percent by 2010.1 Why this rapid growth? Much has been written about the high prices charged for prescription drugs, and there is no question that the medications new to the market in the past few years are expensive. But the real story is the . . .
The protective effect of beta-carotene and retinol on ventilatory function in an asbestos-exposed cohort.
Authors: P Chuwers, S Barnhart, P Blanc, C A Brodkin, M Cullen, T Kelly, J Keogh, G Omenn, J Williams, J R Balmes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

The association between serum beta-carotene or retinol concentration and level of ventilatory function was investigated in a population of asbestos-exposed men with a high rate of current and former cigarette smoking. The study population consisted of 816 subjects enrolled in the pilot component of the Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET), a placebo-controlled trial of supplemental beta-carotene and retinyl palmitate for the chemoprevention of lung cancer. Data available for analysis included baseline questionnaire, spirometry, chest X-ray, food frequency questionnaire, and serum beta-carotene and retinol concentrations. Serum beta-carotene concentration was associated with FEV1 (p < 0.05) and FVC (p < 0.05), with an approximately 100-ml increase over predicted values associated with raising the serum concentration from the 25th to the 75th percentile of the distribution in the study population (absolute difference = 155 ng/ml), even after adjustment for the confounding effects of asbestos exposure and cigarette smoking. Raising the serum retinol concentration from the 25th to the 75th percentile (absolute difference = 211 ng/ml) was associated with an approximately 70 ml increase in FVC (p < 0.05) over the predicted value. These results provide support for the hypothesis that beta-carotene and retinol have a protective effect on loss of ventilatory function.
Coexistence of <i> <scp>KRT</scp> 14 </i> and <i> <scp>KRT</scp> 5 </i> mutations in a <scp>P</scp> olish patient with epidermolysis bullosa simplex
Authors: K. Wertheim‐Tysarowska, J. Sota, A. Kutkowska‐Kaźmierczak, K. Woźniak, J. Bal, C. Kowalewski
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)
Fluid reabsorption in Henle's loop and urinary excretion of sodium and water in normal rats and rats with chronic hypertension
Authors: Klaus O. Stumpe, Hans D. Lowitz, Bruno Ochwadt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1970)

The function of the short loops of Henle was investigated by micropuncture technique in normal rats, in rats with spontaneous hypertension, and in the untouched kidney of rats with experimental renal hypertension. All animals received a standard infusion of 1.2 ml of isotonic saline per hr. With increasing arterial blood pressure (range from 90 to 220 mm Hg), a continuous decrease in transit time of Lissamine green through Henle's loop from 32 to 10 sec was observed. Fractional water reabsorption along the loop declined progressively from 26 to 10%, and fractional sodium reabsorption decreased from 40 to 36% of the filtered load. The fluid volume in Henle's loop calculated from transit time and mean flow rate also decreased with increasing blood pressure. There was no change in superficial single nephron filtration rate but there was a slight increase in total glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Sodium and water reabsorption in the proximal tubule remained unchanged. Urine flow rate, sodium excretion, osmolar clearance, and negative free water clearance increased with increasing blood pressure. The osmolal urine to plasma (U/P) ratio declined but did not fall below a value of 1.5. It is concluded that the increase in sodium and water excretion with chronic elevation of arterial blood pressure is caused by a decrease of sodium and water reabsorption along the loop of Henle, presumably as a consequence of increased medullary blood pressure.
745 STOPPING LONG-TERM NUCLEOS(T)IDE ANALOGUE THERAPY BEFORE HBSAG LOSS OR SERO-CONVERSION IN HBEAG NEGATIVE CHB PATIENTS: EXPERIENCE FROM FOUR REFERRAL CENTERS IN GERMANY
Authors: J. Petersen, P. Buggisch, A. Stoehr, M. Sabranski, H. Hinrichsen, S. Mauss, K. Port, J. Kirschner, M.P. Manns, H. Wedemeyer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Plasma Homocysteine and Risk for Congestive Heart Failure in Adults Without Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ramachandran S. Vasan, Alexa Beiser, Ralph B. D'Agostino, Daniel Levy, Jacob Selhub, Paul F. Jacques, Irwin H. Rosenberg, Peter W. F. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (2003)

<h3>Context</h3> Elevated plasma homocysteine levels are associated with increased risk of vascular disease. It is unclear whether elevated homocysteine levels are a risk factor for congestive heart failure (CHF). <h3>Objective</h3> To study prospectively the association between nonfasting plasma homocysteine and incidence of CHF. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> Community-based prospective cohort study of 2491 adults (mean age 72 years, 1547 women) who participated in the Framingham Heart Study during the 1979-1982 and 1986-1990 examinations and were free of CHF or prior myocardial infarction (recognized or unrecognized) at baseline. <h3>Main Outcome Measure</h3> Incidence of a first episode of CHF during an 8-year follow-up period. <h3>Results</h3> During follow-up, 156 subjects (88 women) developed CHF. In multivariable analyses controlling for established risk factors for CHF including the occurrence of myocardial infarction (recognized or unrecognized) during follow-up, plasma homocysteine levels higher than the sex-specific median value were associated with an adjusted hazards ratio for heart failure of 1.93 in women (95% confidence interval, 1.19-3.14) and 1.84 in men (95% confidence interval, 1.06-3.17). The relation of plasma homocysteine levels to CHF risk was more continuous in women than in men. In analyses restricted to participants without any manifestation of coronary heart disease at baseline, the association of plasma homocysteine levels with risk of CHF was maintained in men and women. <h3>Conclusions</h3> An increased plasma homocysteine level independently predicts risk of the development of CHF in adults without prior myocardial infarction. Additional investigations are warranted to confirm these findings.
Prevention and Control of Ventricular Arrhythmias
Authors: James T. Willerson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

IN the current issue of the Journal, Mirowski et al. describe an implantable automatic defibrillator that the patient may use to convert his own ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Although considerable additional work is needed to perfect the diagnostic and therapeutic capability of this device, it is a potentially important therapeutic contribution that allows the conversion of ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients in whom adequate control is not provided by antiarrhythmic agents. Viewed optimistically, this is yet another in an impressive series of contributions toward progress in the monitoring and identification of important ventricular arrhythmias and in their pharmacologic and electrical correction.1 2 3 4 However, . . .
A PATIENT WHO CHANGED MY PRACTICE
Authors: C. Borland
Journal: BMJ (1996)

He always sat in the corner of the day room. He was a sad fellow in his early 90s who rarely spoke to the other patients or to the nurses. During the last two years of his life he was admitted more and more frequently “unable to cope” or having “gone off his feet.” I grew to resent him and became frustrated that we could not keep him away from hospital with our comprehensive community care packages. …
The Breast Cancer Screening Controversy Continues
Authors: Robert H. Fletcher
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters1 May 1993The Breast Cancer Screening Controversy ContinuesRobert H. Fletcher, MD and Suzanne W. Fletcher, MDRobert H. Fletcher, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Suzanne W. Fletcher, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-9-199305010-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Kopans and Dr. Logan-Young and colleagues question looking at the results of breast cancer screening by age groups. Subgroup analyses are appropriate when looking for clinically important differences, the hypothesis precedes the analysis, few hypotheses are tested, the comparison is within studies, differences are consistent across studies, and differences are plausible [1]. In completed studies, confidence intervals, rather than power calculations, determine how large an effect could have been missed by chance alone. A meta-analysis of the six reported trials that included women 40 to 49 years old found a relative risk of 0.99 (95% CI, 0.74 ...References1. Oxman AD, Guyatt G. A consumer's guide to subgroup analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 116:78-84. Google Scholar2. Elwood JM, Cox B, Richardson AK. The effectiveness of breast cancer screening by mammography in younger women. Online J Curr Clin Trials. 25 Feb 1993. Google Scholar3. Nystrom L, Rutqvist LE, Wall S, Lingren A, Lindqvist M, Ryden S, et al. Breast cancer screening with mammography: an overview of the Swedish randomized trials. The Lancet. 1993; 341:923-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1993Volume 118, Issue 9Page: 746-749KeywordsBreast cancerBreast cancer screeningConfidence intervalsLung and intrathoracic tumorsMammographyMortalityPerceptionProstate cancerRelative riskRisk management ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 May 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...