tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Upper airways irritation syndrome (UAIS) and loss of pulmonary function at the workers exposed to cotton dust
Authors: Micaela Margineanu, Felicia Gradinaru, Eugenia Danulescu, Madalina Ipate
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To specify correlations between UAIS and loss of pulmonary function versus occupational risk, in workers from a small company that processes cotton.   Material and methods:  We are investigated 45 workers aged 29-63 years and various length of service (more than 10 years) by two cross-sectional surveys at 5 years interval versus a matched-control group; The percentage of smokers was low (9%). A questionnaire was completed, clinical examinations and pulmonary function test (PFT) were performed for each worker.   Results:  In the 1st exam the UAIS was diagnosed in only 8,8% of the exposed group. PFT has been modified to only one of the exposed workers.  In the second stage of the study, UAIS was more frequent, having a prevalence of 44% to exposed group, with these clinical aspects: laryngeal irritation (60%), frequent hoarseness and dry cough (55,5%), nasopharyngeal irritation (47%), sneezing (38%) and allergic diseases (18%). The prevalence of the respiratory symptoms was higher among the exposed subjects (p≤0,005). The pulmonary function test (PFT) put in evidence a distal obstructive syndrome (DOS) in 20% of the exposed workers (versus 3% at control group; p≤0,0002). We found significant increase of obstructive dysfunctions associated with length of service. The mean values of the FEF1.0/FVC report and the PEF values are significantly less at the cotton exposed subjects (in second part of study) versus the controlled ones.   Conclusions:  This study reports a high prevalence of UAIS and DOS among workers exposed to cotton dust, which correlated with length of service. It requires technical and organizational measures to reduce occupational exposure to respiratory dust.
Smoke-free legislation in England has reduced stillbirths, neonatal mortality, and low birth weight
Authors: Bryan Christie
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Legislation to control smoking in public places should be considered across the world, researchers have said, after a study concluded that such action could save considerable numbers of young lives.1

That view is based on the study’s finding that the number of stillbirths and neonatal deaths in England fell by around 1500 in the first four years after smoke-free legislation was introduced in 2007. The …
Update on Childhood Asthma
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Book notices ally thousands of exercise tests on normal subjects and patients, especially humbling.The book also highlights how far respiratory physiologists are willing to risk their lives and personal comfort in the interest of science.In particular, a new species has been named-the CARP (completely apnoeic respiratory physiologist).The book needs a chapter that brings together all the ideas into a general overview.The symposium seems to have highlighted not only how far we have advanced in our understanding of breathlessness, but also how far we were away from the answer 25 years ago.This book is certainly not for the casual reader, and does not make easy bedtime reading.However, for anybody who is intending to work in respiratory failure, respiratory muscles, or measurement of sensations and functional capacity in breathless patients, it is essential reading and an excellent source of references.All in all, this book makes a fitting tribute to the illustrious career of Moran Campbell.
Respiratory complication in children with dengue
Authors: Lucia Azevedo, Daniel Leal, Ana Menezes, Selma Sias, Miguel Aide, Gesmar Herdy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Dengue, emerging infectious disease, has been presenting more severe in the last years. In children the diagnosis is difficult. The morbimortality is related to the early recognition and appropriate management. The goal is to know the clinical and laboratory features of children with dengue, hospitalized in the pediatric emergency of the Antonio Pedro University Hospital. Were analyzed from 2006 to 2011 the records of 63 children, 25 (39.7%) of them with respiratory complication. All had pleural effusion: 17 (68%) to the right and 8 (32%) bilateral. The age ranged between 2 and 12 years (mean = 8.2), the most was female 16 (64%). The symptoms were: fever, abdominal pain, vomiting and headache. All had leukopenia and 23 (92%) thrombocytopenia. Ascite was found in 19 (76%) and thickening of the gallbladder in 5 (20%). Hypoalbuminemia in 15 (60%) and enzyme liver abnormalities in 21 (84%). The analysis was similar to that reported in the literature differing only in sex.
Inhibition of Macromolecular Binding of Benzo[a]pyrene and Inhibition of Neoplasia by Disulfiram in the Mouse Forestomach2
Authors: Peter Borchert, Lee W. Wattenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Benzo[a]pyrene (BP) administered to female outbred ICR/Ha mice by oral intubation induced neoplasia in the forestomach after 30 weeks in more than 90% of treated animals. However, no tumors occurred at that site if 1% disulfiram was added to the experimental diet. This inhibition of tumor formation was paralleled by a large inhibition of macromolecular binding of [3H]BP and [14C]BP to RNA and protein in the forestomach. The inhibitory effect of specific binding was strongest in the RNA fraction isolated at 8,000×g for 20 minutes (6 times that of the control) and weakest in the DNA fraction (no significant difference). The highest specific binding was measured in the RNA fraction isolated at 32,000×g for 120 minutes and the lowest binding in the DNA fraction. The relative distribution of the BP binding was such that greater than 90% of the BP was bound to protein and less than 1% was bound to DNA. Of the total inhibition of BP binding to all the macromolecular species studied, that to protein constituted the largest component (95%). In contrast to the forestomach, no inhibitory effect of BP binding to DNA, RNA, or protein by disulfiram was found in the liver, which remained free of cancer under the experimental conditions employed.
Potential role of total antioxidant status ratio in differential diagnosis of pleural effusion
Authors: Dace Dubava, Madara Tirzite, Inga Stukena, Alvils Krams, Aivars Lejnieks
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

There is various data in literature on the connection of pulmonary diseases with oxidative stress, only a few papers have been published on the role of antioxidative system and its activity in cases of pleural pathologies. Investigations have shown that in parapneumonic effusions the level of some antioxidants is higher than in transudates, malignant or tuberculous exudates. Their level increases even more in cases of empyema and complicated parapneumonic effusions. The aim of the study was to evaluate the possible use of total antioxidant status (TAS) pleural fluid/serum ratio. 73 patients were enrolled in the study, 17 had transudate, 37 malignant and 19 inflammatory effusions. TAS was measured both in serum and pleural fluid by Randox©TAS kit. Results: statistical analysis was done using ANOVA programme with Post HOC test (Bonferoni). TAS ratio correlated significantly with Light’s criteria. Mean pleural fluid/serum ratio was the highest in cases of inflammatory effusions, the lowest in trasudates. TAS ratio mean value of transudates statistically significantly differ from inflammatory effusions (p=0.02) while the difference between the other groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: TAS ratio can be used to distinguish transudates from inflammatory effusions. Further investigations are necessary to precise the role of antioxidants and oxidative stress in cases of pleural effusions.
No Benefit From High 25(OH)D Levels for Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Anita Slomski
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevalence of behavioural risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adolescents in low-income and middle-income countries: an individual participant data meta-analysis
Authors: Rishi Caleyachetty, Justin B Echouffo-Tcheugui, Christopher A Tait, Sam Schilsky, Terrence Forrester, Andre P Kengne
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2015)
No benefit of ifosfamide in Ewing's sarcoma: a nonrandomized study of the French Society of Pediatric Oncology.
Authors: O Oberlin, J L Habrand, J M Zucker, M Brunat-Mentigny, M J Terrier-Lacombe, J Dubousset, J C Gentet, C Schmitt, D Ponvert, C Carrié
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

To undertake a new protocol with the goals of improving the chemotherapeutic treatment of pediatric Ewing's sarcoma by introducing ifosfamide, and to widen the indications for surgical resection of Ewing's tumor to obtain better local control and to reduce radiation doses.The French Society of Pediatric Oncology initiated its first cooperative Ewing's sarcoma study in 1978, using a four-drug regimen (cyclophosphamide, dactinomycin, Adriamycin [doxorubicin; Farmitalia Carlo Erba, Rueil-Malmaison, France], and vincristine). Ninety-five patients were included, and, at 5 years, the disease-free survival reached a plateau of 51%. After encouraging responses of recurrent soft tissue or bone sarcomas to ifosfamide, a second study began in 1984 using a new chemotherapy regimen in which cyclophosphamide was replaced by ifosfamide. Sixty-five patients were treated.By February 1992, the median follow-up was 5.8 years. The estimated 5-year disease-free survival was 52%. We observed unexpected cardiac toxicity. Three patients experienced acute cardiac failure that was lethal in two cases. The acute toxicity of ifosfamide prompted us to stop the protocol. Retrospectively, the lack of efficacy reinforced our decision.We conclude that ifosfamide did not improve the outcome of the patients despite the fact that these two treatment regimens were not randomized.
Prognostic value study of lung cancer molecular markers and value of mitochondrial activity in resected non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Rodrigo Alonso Moralejo, Javier Pinillos Robles, Ricardo Garcia Lujan, Carlos Alvarez Martinez, Angel Lopez Encuentra
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim: Determine the prognostic value of molecular markers (MM) of different lung cancer paths, and the value of mitochondrial activity (MA) in resected non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).   Method  : Observational, cohort study in patients with resected NSCLC in our hospital in a four year period. 32 MM were selected.The study consisted on the elaboration of tissue arrays with samples from resected tumor, using a semiquantitative immunohistochemical study.The expression of 4 MA proteins were studied, β-F1-ATPase, Hsp60, GAPDH and PK by inmunohistochemical analysis. For each one of the markers the possible results were established according to intensity and percentage of cells that expressed the protein and the result of multiplying both values.A prognosis analysis was done with the expression of each protein and the overall 5-year survival rate was calculated.   Results: 134 patients were studied, 92% were men, with mean age of 66.8 (SD: 8), with a 66% of squamous tumors.The results are summarized in the table   Conclusions: We found two MM with long-term prognostic value.The expression of MA proteins doesn9t have significant prognosis value in our population.The cases with strong expression of β-F1-ATPasa have a longer survival, which is clinically relevant. Supported by a research grant SEPAR 817/2009.
Obstructive Nephropathy: Causes and Management
Authors: Christian Barré, Philippe Pocholle, A. Carter, H. Sells, M. Speakman, P. Ewings, P. O’Boyle, R. MacDonagh, G.P.C. Dawkins, R.A. Miller, Sadettin Küpeli, Kaan Aydos, Mehmet Budak, Bernhard Hess, Heribert Mauron, Daniel Ackermann, Ahmed Shafik, Al-Moatasem Al-Sherif, Bart L.H. Bemelmans, Anthony R. Mundy, Philippe Jaeger, Katsuya Nonomura, Takayuki Kanno, Hidehiro Kakizaki, Toshiki Koyama, Tetsufumi Yamashita, Tomohiko Koyanagi, Ana L. Bastos, Waldemar S. Costa, Luiz E.M. Cardoso, Francisco J.B. Sampaio, Francesco Aragona, Nicola Panza, Angelo Mangano, Enrico Castellucci, Alfio Capizzi, Philippe Chauveau, J. Morote, C.X. Raventós, J.A. Lorente, G. Enbabo, M. López, I. de Torres, Per Øgreid, Aasmund Berner, Olav Dahl, Ernst Rettedal, Sophie D. Fosså, Stéphane Droupy, François Giuliano, Alain Jardin, Gérard Benôit, Michael D. Craggs
Journal: European Urology (1999)
An audit of adverse events during pulmonary function testing (PFT) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPEX) in pre-operative abdominal aortic anuerysm (AAA) patients
Authors: Sara McArthur, Andy Robson, Neil Mitchard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aims: As the presence of an AAA is a relative contraindication to testing, we have investigated the incidence of adverse events during and after PFTs in patients undergoing assessment for AAA repair.

Methods: 150 patients were tested during the period 26/09/2011 to 31/10/2012. Patients had spirometry, carbon monoxide transfer testing, CPEX testing and had their AAAs measured anterioposteriorly via ultrasound or by CT of aorta pre-operatively. Patients Data on co-morbidity were extracted from the patient’s clinical notes. Patients whose AAA diameter was not measured at time of testing were excluded from the analysis. No ethics required as we have carried out a retrospective audit of data obtained for routine clinical use.

Results: 150 patients (30 females), age range 31-89 years old (mean 73 ± 7.8 (SD) were all Caucasian, with the large majority being smokers (n=50) or ex-smokers (n=89). Patients were classified as having small (3.0 – 4.0 cm, n=4), medium (4.0 – 5.4 cm, n=22) or large (>5.5cm, n=124) diameter aneurysms. Seventeen patients died during the study, with causes noted. None of the deaths were related to the tests. Most patients (n=125) had at least one or more co-morbidities. No adverse events were recorded during testing other than cough, chest tightness, light-headedness and breathlessness.

Conclusions: No significant adverse events were observed during PFTs and CPEX testing in patients with AAAs, even those presenting with other co-morbidities. The status of AAA as a relative contraindication to PFT may need to be reassessed, at least in a hospital setting.
Phase II study: WBRT ±temozolomide (TMZ) in patients with multiple brain metastases from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: C. Marosi, K. Elandt, M. Preusser, K. Dieckmann, M. Nevinny, T. Knocke-Abulesz, W. Pfeifer, G. Stockhammer, J. Hammer, C. C. Zielinski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e13008 Background: Brain metastases cause increasingly morbidity and mortality in patients with NSCLC. In a multicentric Austrian phase II study, we investigated feasibility and toxicity of the addition of temozolomide to whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in patients with multiple brain metastases of NSCLC. Methods: Consenting patients with previously untreated, multiple, and measurable brain metastases from histologically confirmed NSCLC were eligible if they were 18 years or older, were at least in RPA (recursive partitioning analysis class) class II and showed adequate organ function. Treatment consisted of WBRT (arm A) +TMZ 75mg/m 2 during radiation, followed at day 28 by TMZ 100 mg/m 2 day 1–14, q28 for six cycles (arm B). The primary endpoint was objective radiographic response in CNS 10 weeks after the end of WBRT. Results: 35 patients (14 women) aged 35 to 86 years, median 65 years were randomized. Eight patients were in RPA class I and 27 were in RPA class II. 13 patients were enrolled in arm A and 22 in arm B. Toxicity was mainly haematological with WHO grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia observed in 0/13 versus 3/22 patients, leucocytopenia in 0/13 versus 1/22 patients, and lymphocytepenia in 12/13 and 7/22 patients respectively. No severe nonhematologic toxicity occured in arm A, whereas two episodes of transient hepatic toxicity were reported in arm B. 10/13 patients of arm A and 13/22 patients of arm B showed progressive disease and dropped out of study before restaging 10 weeks after completion of WBRT. Two patients of arm A had progressive disease in CNS, all other progresses noted were systemic. At restaging there were 2 PR, 1 SD in arm A, and 1 CR, 3 PR, 6 SD in arm B. Median time to progression was 40 days in arm A and 74 days in arm B (p = 0.027). Conclusions: The addition of temozolomide to WBRT in patients with brain metastases of NSCLC yielded acceptable toxicity and promising activity, although systemic progression remained the main cause of morbidity and mortality. [Table: see text]
Hodgkin Lymphoma, Version 2.2012 Featured Updates to the NCCN Guidelines
Authors: Richard T. Hoppe, Ranjana H. Advani, Weiyun Z. Ai, Richard F. Ambinder, Patricia Aoun, Celeste M. Bello, Philip J. Bierman, Kristie A. Blum, Robert Chen, Bouthaina Dabaja, Ysabel Duron, Andres Forero, Leo I. Gordon, Francisco J. Hernandez-Ilizaliturri, Ephraim P. Hochberg, David G. Maloney, David Mansur, Peter M. Mauch, Monika Metzger, Joseph O. Moore, David Morgan, Craig H. Moskowitz, Matthew Poppe, Barbara Pro, Jane N. Winter, Joachim Yahalom, Hema Sundar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2012)

The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) include the clinical management of classical HL and lymphocyte-predominant HL (LPHL). Major changes have been incorporated into these guidelines since their inception. In the 2012 NCCN Guidelines for HL, PET scans are not recommended for interim restaging of patients with stage I to II favorable disease. After reevaluating the available evidence on the use of interim PET imaging, the panel recommends the use of diagnostic CT scan of involved sites for interim restaging after completion of chemotherapy for this group of patients. Maintenance rituximab for 2 years is included as an option for patients with stage IB to IIB or stage III to IV LPHL treated with rituximab alone in the first-line setting. Brentuximab vedotin is included as an option for patients with progressive disease or relapsed disease after second-line chemotherapy or high-dose therapy with autologous stem cell rescue.
Abstract 2948: Sustained After-Effects of Carperitide, Atrial Natriuretic Peptide, on Left Ventricle Diastolic Filling and Inflammatory Cytokines in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mahoto Kato, Kazuhiko Hashimura, Kazuo Komamura, Masafumi Kitakaze
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Usefulness of rapid on-site microscopic evaluation (ROME) of core biopsy specimen of EBUS-TBNA
Authors: Maan Hong Jung, Chul Ho Oak, Tae Won Jang, Bong Kwon Cheon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: EBUS-TBNA is performed to harvest cytologic and core-biopsy specimens in patients with mediastinal lesions. Rapid cytologic examinations of the sample are expected to increase the diagnostic rates. We studied the value of USB microscope as Rapid On-site Microscopic Evaluation (ROME) of core-biopsy specimens.  Methods: We performed ROME in 20 core-biopsy specimens sampled by EBUS-TBNA. The specimens were divided into five groups according to the microscopic findings. The group I was classified when whitish tumor islets were not found. The group II has one or several tiny suspicious tumor islets. The group III has less than 5 visible tumor islets, the group IV 5 – 10, and the group V more than 10 tumor islets. The ROME was compared with the final pathologic examination  Results: Among 20 specimens, 3 (15%) were in group I, 2 (10%) in group II, 5 (25%) in group III, 7 (35%) in group IV, and 3 (15%) in group V, respectively. When compared with the pathologic examination, clinical relevancy of the sample was 100% (10/10) and the diagnostic rate was 90% (9/10) when the groups of IV and V were combined. In group III, those were 70% (5/7) and 57% (4/7) respectively. In the groups I and II, there were no clinical relevancy and diagnostic values.  Conclusion: ROME was a simple and useful method to predict the diagnostic value of EBUS-TBNA biopsy specimens on site.
Long term azithromycin treatment: A randomised placebo-controlled trial in non-CF bronchiectasis; results from the BAT trial
Authors: Josje Altenburg, Casper de Graaff, Tjip van der Werf, Wim Boersma
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Bronchiectasis arises from an ongoing cycle of inflammation and bacterial colonization and has a major impact on a patient9s wellbeing, mainly because of frequent infectious exacerbations.   Aim:  Assessing the efficacy of longterm azithromycin treament over 1 year in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis in a randomized placebo controlled trial.   Methods:  89 patients from 14 sites were randomized to either azithromycin 250 mg daily or placebo, for 12 months. All were reviewed at three-monthly intervals during treatment and at 3 month9s follow-up. At each review the following were assessed; exacerbation frequency (being the primary endpoint), lung function, qualitative and quantitative sputum bacteriology, serum and sputum inflammatory markers, adverse effects, symptom scores and St George9s respiratory questionnaire. High resolution CT-scans were performed at study entrance and end of study.  Primary results: 81 patients completed the study. At the end of 12 month9s treatment the azithromycin group showed a significant reduction in exacerbation frequency as compared to the placebo treated group (1,28/year, SD 1,32 vs 2,67/year, SD 1,95, p   Conclusions:  Longterm azithromycin treatment significantly reduces exacerbation frequency in patients with non-CF bronchiectasis, without additional side effects.