tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Transforming genomic grade index (GGI) into a user-friendly qRT-PCR tool which will assist clinicians and patients in optimizing treatment of early breast cancer (BC)
Authors: V. Durbecq, J. Toussaint, B. Haibe-Kains, C. Desmedt, G. Rouas, D. Larsimont, G. Bontempi, M. Buyse, M. Piccart, C. Sotiriou
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21058 Background: We have recently shown that proliferation captured by the genomic grade index (GGI) is the most important prognostic factor in BC, far beyond estrogen receptor (ER) status and may encompass a significant portion of the predictive power of many previously published prognostic signatures. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that GGI can identify two clinically distinct ER-positive molecular subtypes in a simple and highly reproducible manner across multiple datasets. The aims of this study were to convert and validate by qRT-PCR assay the prognostic value of the GGI using frozen (FS) and paraffin-embedded tumor samples (FFPE) from early BC patients. Methods: We first developed a qRT-PCR assay based on 8 selected GGI genes involved in different phases of the cell cycle and 4 reference genes. We then tested its accuracy and concordance with the original microarray derived GGI using a BC population from which FS, FFPE tissues and microarray data were available (N=30). Finally, we assessed its prognostic value on an independent ER-positive tamoxifen only treated BC population (N=82). Results: A statistically significant correlation was observed between GGI generated by microarray and qRT-PCR assay using FS material (r=0.91; p&lt;0.0001) as well as between GGI using qRT-PCR derived from FS and FFPE tumor samples (r=0.86; p&lt;0.0001). A high GGI levels assessed by qRT-PCR (GGRI) was associated with a higher risk of recurrence in the ER-positive tamoxifen only treated patients [HR= 2.319 (95% CI: 1.245–4.321), p=0.008] in accordance with our previous microarray results. Interestingly, in a multivariate analysis, GGRI remained significant [HR=1.956 (95% CI: 1.031–3.710), p=0.04] together with age (&lt;50y) and tumor size (&gt;2cm). Conclusions: In this study, we report a qRT-PCR assay based on a limited number of genes, which recapitulates in an accurate and reproducible manner the prognostic power of the microarray derived GGI using both FS and FFPE tumor samples. Further validation of its prognostic value is currently ongoing on two independent populations totaling over 500 BC patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Disclosure of information to adult cancer patients: issues and update.
Authors: R J Goldberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Clinicians are regularly faced with decisions regarding disclosure of information to cancer patients. Many of these decisions constitute a dilemma between the physician's paternalistic concern for the patient and the patient's right to know as much as possible. This paper reviews changes in the attitudes of physicians over the last several decades, elaborates on the problems that confront the clinician in the process of disclosure, and reviews the available data concerning the documented impact on the patient from receiving or not receiving information. The arguments both supporting and challenging the paternalistic view are discussed, and the necessity for viewing the disclosure of clinical information as a clinical process is offered.
Detection of Disease at the Carotid Bifurcation Using Ultrasound – Including an Imaging System<sup>1</sup>
Authors: R R Lewis, M G Beasley, R G Gosling
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

A two-stage approach is described for the detection of occlusive arterial disease at the carotid bifurcation using continuous wave Doppler-shift ultrasound with spectral analysis of backscattered signals from erythrocytes. The first stage involves analysis of Doppler-shift signals from the supraorbital and common carotid arteries. Abnormal signals from these arteries are frequently caused by the presence of atheroma at the carotid bifurcation and are used to indicate the necessity for imaging the bifurcation. This latter technique produces a physiological image of the arteries, as it depends on detecting erythrocyte velocities beneath a transducer which is guided over the surface of the neck. The investigation has advantages over arteriography in that it is noninvasive, has no attendant risk and may be repeated as often as required. In order to evaluate the accuracy of these methods the results have been compared with x-ray findings in patients undergoing carotid arteriography. In 20 comparisons there were no false positives and one false negative in which the arteriogram showed a small lesion. These results indicate that the two noninvasive methods may be used in sequence to demonstrate operable disease around the carotid junction.
Does the new angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor cilazapril prevent restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty? Results of the MERCATOR study: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Multicenter European Research Trial with Cilazapril after Angioplasty to Prevent Transluminal Coronary Obstruction and Restenosis (MERCATOR) Study Group.
Authors: Lippincott Williams Wilkins
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Cilazapril is a novel angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor with antiproliferative effects in the rat model after balloon injury. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial to assess the effect of cilazapril in angiographic restenosis prevention after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). Patients received cilazapril 2.5 mg in the evening after successful PTCA and 5 mg b.i.d. for 6 months or matched placebo. In addition, all patients received aspirin for 6 months. Coronary angiograms before PTCA, after PTCA, and at 6-month follow-up were quantitatively analyzed. In 94% of 735 recruited patients, PTCA was successful and all inclusion and exclusion criteria were met. For the per-protocol analysis, quantitative angiography after PTCA and at follow-up was available in 595 patients who complied with the treatment regimen (309 control, 286 cilazapril). The mean difference in minimal coronary lumen diameter between post-PTCA and follow-up angiogram (primary end point) was -0.29 +/- 0.49 mm in the control group and -0.27 +/- 0.51 mm in the cilazapril group. Clinical events during 6-month follow-up, analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis, were ranked according to the most serious clinical event ranging from death (control, two; cilazapril, three), nonfatal myocardial infarction (control, eight; cilazapril, 5), coronary revascularization (control, 51; cilazapril, 53), or recurrent angina requiring medical therapy (control, 67; cilazapril, 68) to none of the above (control, 224; cilazapril, 212). There were no significant differences in ranking. CONCLUSIONS Long-term angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition with cilazapril in a dose of 5 mg b.i.d. does not prevent restenosis and does not favorably influence the overall clinical outcome after PTCA.
Correlations of quantitative HRCT score in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Authors: Oxana Munteanu, Victor Botnaru, Diana Calaras
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the usefulness of visual HRCT-score (fibrosis score, ground-glass score) in the assessment of the disease extent.   Methods:  Thin-section (10 mm) images were obtained and scored prospectively in 35 consecutive patients (18 men and 17 women, mean age 53.5±13.2 yrs) with newly diagnosed IPF. Each patient9s lobe was scored on a scale of 0-5 for both ground-glass attenuation and fibrosis. The correlations among FVC (% pred.), FEV1 (% pred.), MRC dyspnea score, modified Borg dyspnea score, O2 saturation, 6-MWD and HRCT scores (fibrosis and ground-glass) were studied (Pearson correlation coefficient).   Results:  The mean value of the fibrosis score was 11.9±5.2 and of the ground-glass score was 13.8±5.6. Fibrosis score significantly correlated to FVC (r = -0.33, p = 0.04), MRC (r = 0.39, p = 0.02), 6-MWD (r = -0.53, p = 0.001), Borg dyspnea score after 6-MWT (r = 0.4, p = 0.01), O2 saturation (r = -0.33, p = 0.04). Ground-glass score didn9t corelate to any of analised variables.   Conclusions:  In IPF there is a good correlation of functional tests, dyspnea scores, exercise capacity to the HRCT fibrosis score, the best correlation was found with 6-MWD. The correlations of HRCT fibrosis score emphasize the importance of radiographic evaluation in the diagnosis and follow-up of IPF.
Circulation of a novel human respiratory syncytial virus Group B genotype during the 2014–2015 season in Catalonia (Spain)
Authors: L. Gimferrer, C. Andrés, M. Campins, M.G. Codina, J.A. Rodrigo, S. Melendo, M.C. Martin, F. Fuentes, M.R. Saiz, J. Esperalba, A. Bruguera, L.M. Vilca, L. Armadans, T. Pumarola, A. Antón
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Some Recent Advances in the Management of Endocrine Tumors
Authors: Richard H. Egdahl
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1970)

Several advances have been fascinatingto me.One of these is the syndrome associated with medullary carcinoma of the thyroid first described at the Cleveland Clinic in 1959.It is a multiglandular syn drome involving pheochromocytomas and has some familial aspects.Recently, it has been learned that medullary carcinomas contain a
The Biology Behind the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Z0011 Trial
Authors: Kimberly Stone, Amanda J. Wheeler
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The role of video-assisted thoracoscopy in the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Ivan Novakov, Silviya Novakova, Jivko Peshev, Maija Pirgowa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The diagnosis of malignant pleural mesotelioma still remains difficult, because it needs to be differentiated from pleural metastasis and pleural benign diseases.

The aim of the study is to demonstrate and find out the opportunities of video-assisted thoracoscopy to obtain the diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Materials and methods: 23 patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma, complicated with pleural effusion were included in this 5-year study. Video-assisted thoracoscopy was performed in all patients. Pleural effusion, obtained through thoracoscopy, was sent for cytological analysis. Parietal pleural biopsies were performed through thoracoscopy. Histologic examination of hematoxylin-eosin stained pleural tissue sections was performed. Three markers with positive diagnostic value (anti-cytokeratin 5/6, vimentin, S-100) were used for immunohistochemical examination.

Results: Video-assisted thoracoscopy has showed multiple nodules on parietal pleura in all patients. Histologically, in 15 cases malignant mesothelioma was classified as epithelial, and in other 8 as biphasic type. Final diagnosis malignant pleural mesothelioma was confirmed by immunohistochemistry in all cases.

Conclusion: We demonstrate that video-assisted thoracoscopy allows complete visual examination of the pleura in cases of malignant mesothelioma without pleural symphysis. Multiple and large pleural tissue specimens can be obtained through video-assisted thoracoscopy, which provides the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma.
Therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia: a report on 16 cases.
Authors: L Detourmignies, S Castaigne, A M Stoppa, J L Harousseau, A Sadoun, M Janvier, J L Demory, M Sanz, R Berger, F Bauters
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE To analyze the type of prior tumor and treatment in therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (tAPL) that occurs after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (RT), and the hematologic characteristics and outcome of tAPL. PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixteen patients with tAPL who were gathered during a 10-year period (1982 to 1991) in seven hematologic centers were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS There were 13 women and three men. The median age was 46 years (range, 12 to 82). Prior tumor was breast carcinoma in 10 cases, another solid tumor in three cases, and lymphoma in three cases. Two patients had received RT alone, and 14 had received chemotherapy (with RT in 11 cases). Prior chemotherapeutic agents generally included a combination of cyclophosphamide (used for limited periods), fluorouracil (5-FU), vinca alkaloids, and doxorubicin, mitoxantrone, or etoposide (VP16). By contrast, alkylating agents other than cyclophosphamide had been used in only two patients. Median interval between onset of treatment for the prior tumor and diagnosis of APL was 25 months. No patient had a known preleukemic phase. Hematologic and cytogenetic characteristics of the cases of tAPL were identical to those of the usual de novo APL, which included the presence of t(15; 17) in nine of the 10 patients tested. Two patients had early death. Seven patients were treated with intensive chemotherapy, and six achieved complete remission (CR). Three of them subsequently relapsed. Seven patients were treated with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), and four achieved CR through the differentiation of blasts into mature granulocytes. None has relapsed so far. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that tAPL is not exceptional, and usually has several features in common with other types of therapy-related AML with specific karyotype (ie, t(8;21),t(9;11), inv(16)): solid tumor rather than hematologic malignancy as primary tumor, short interval of development, absence of known preleukemic phase, prior chemotherapy with a combination of several drugs that often included an agent that targets topoisomerase II (doxorubicin or mitoxantrone, but less often VP16). Hematologic characteristics and response to therapy (intensive chemotherapy or ATRA) in tAPL do not seem to differ from those of de novo APL.
Relationship between % neutrophils in induced sputum and IL-6 and TNF-α in COPD
Authors: Elena Payá Peñalver, Carmen Soto Fernández, Rubén Andújar Espinosa, Consuelo Alcalde Rumayor, Julia Guardiola Martínez, Juan Orlando Lόpez Ojeda, Carlos Federico Άlvarez Miranda, Francisco José Ruiz Lόpez, Manuel Lorenzo Cruz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  The percentage of sputum neutrophils are increased in patients by Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and is a biomarker of airway inflammation. The aim of this study is the relationship between sputum% neutrophils and levels of IL-6 and TNFα in induced sputum in COPD with moderate-severe airflow obstruction.   Method:  Sputum samples were obtained using 3% saline, according to international guidelines., from a total of 60 subjects 40 COPD patients (criteria for diagnostic and classification of disease severity based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive lung disease (GOLD) and 20 healthy men (control group) who had no story of lung disease and normal spirometry. All the patients were smokers of >20 pack/year, and were free from acute exacerbations in three months prior to the study. In each subject BMI (kg/m 2 ), dyspnoea according to the modified Medical Research Council scale (MRC), oxygen saturation (SatO2), spirometry before and after 400μg inhaled salbutamol, lung volumes and carbon monoxide transfer factor coefficient (KCO) measurements were measured. TNF-α and IL6 were meassured by RIA.   Results:  The sputum neutrophil% was statistic significative higher in COPD patients than group control p  There was a weak association between sputum neutrophils and Il-6 r= 0,385, p   Conclusion:  Neutrophils in sputum in COPD patients are associated with the airflow limitation and whit the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α.  Proyect FFIS/EMER09/18
Evaluation of PTEN expression in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastases (mets) and in primary tumors as predictors of activity of cetuximab plus irinotecan treatment
Authors: F. Loupakis, L. Pollina, I. Stasi, G. Masi, N. Funel, M. Scartozzi, I. Petrini, D. Santini, S. Cascinu, A. Falcone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4003 Background: PTEN is a key tumor suppressor that inactivates PI3K, a downstream effector of the EGFR cascade. Mutations resulting in PTEN loss lead to uncontrolled activation of PI3K/AKT signalling pathway that may result in resistance to EGFR-blockade. Methods: We retrospectively investigated the role of PTEN immunoreactivity (IHC) loss and of pAKT IHC both on primary CRC and related mets in predicting the activity of cetuximab plus irinotecan combination treatment in EGFR-positive metastatic CRC patients (pts) pretreated with irinotecan. We defined responders those pts obtaining a complete (CR) or partial (PR) response (RECIST) or SD lasting >6 mos provided that were clearly progressed on previous irinotecan-based regimen with a TTP<3 mos (SD6). Results: A total of 102 pts have been evaluated. M/F=60/42, median age=62 (38–78), median number of previous lines of chemotherapy=2 (1–5). We observed a PR or CR in 13 and 1 cases respectively for an overall response rate of 14%. PTEN IHC resulted positive (+), negative (-) or unconclusive (NE) in respectively 49, 36, 11 while pAKT IHC resulted +, - or NE in respectively 35, 52, 9 out 96 primary tumors. On 59 mets PTEN IHC was +, - or NE in 33, 22, 4 cases respectively while pAKT IHC was +, - or NE in 21, 30, 8 cases respectively. PTEN analysis on primaries was concordant in 27 out 45 related mets (60%) while discorded in the others; pAKT results concorded in 30 out 45 (67%) paired samples. PTEN status tested on primaries was not predictive of response nor PFS, neither was pAKT on primaries nor mets. PTEN IHC performed on 55 evaluable mets showed: 1- vs 12+ responders (1 CR + 7 PR + 5 SD6) and 21- vs 21+ not responders (p=0.008). Median PFS in pts with PTEN+ mets was 4.8 vs 3.3 mos in PTEN- (p=0.0045, HR=0.49, 95% CI 0.20–0.74). Conclusions: Loss of PTEN immunoreactivity tested on mets may predict the activity of cetuximab plus irinotecan combination treatment. Further analysis on KRAS mutational status are ongoing. Final data will be presented at the meeting. Supported by A.R.C.O. Foundation. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 21495: The Utility of Exercise Stress Test in Predicting Coronary Plaque and Stenosis as detected by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography: The ROMICAT Study
Authors: Waleed Ahmed, Ron Blankstein, Quynh Truong, Joao DeFontes, Ian Rogers, Khurram Nasir, Fabian Bamberg, Thomas J Brady, John T Nagurney, Udo Hoffmann
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Despite the recent adoption of advanced imaging techniques such as Coronary CT angiography (CTA) and myocardial perfusion imaging, exercise treadmill testing (ETT), remains an inexpensi...
Comparison between video-thoracoscopic and open surgical management of thoracic empyema
Authors: Petros Michos, Athanassios Stamatelopoulos, Ioannis Gakidis, Christos Chatziantoniou, Kostantinos Skevis, Demetrios Doltsiniades
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To evaluate the outcomes of video-thoracoscopic and open surgical management of patients with thoracic empyema.   Methods:  We studied 228 patients retrospectively who underwent surgery for thoracic empyema in our hospital between January, 1999 and January, 2011. Patients9 medical records, surgical procedures, and outcomes were reviewed. The study identified 181 affected men and 47affected women with a mean age of 54 years (range 16-78 years). The empyema was parapneumonic in 177 patients (77,63%).   Results:  Eighty two patients who had stage II empyema underwent video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS). The procedure was converted to thoracotomy in 24 patients (29.2%); the morbidity and mortality rates of VATS were 13% and 0, respectively. One hundred forty six patients had stage III empyema and, along with those 24 who were converted, underwent thoracotomy for decortication. The associated morbidity rate was 12%, and the mortality rate was 6.6%. Thoracotomy was considered successful in 167 of 170 patients (98,2%);three patients needed a reoperative thoracotomy for an organ space/surgical site infection with pus in the pleural cavity.   Conclusions:  Many treatment modalities are available for thoracic empyema, depending on the results of appropriate clinical and laboratory investigations. In fibrinopurulent empyema, VATS debridement is safe and effective, with minimal morbidity and no deaths. Lung decortication via thoracotomy is the only option for organized empyema and is associated with a substantial mortality rate.
Tumor Variants by Hormone Receptor Expression in White Patients With Node-Negative Breast Cancer From the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Database
Authors: William F. Anderson, Kenneth C. Chu, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Otis Brawley, Louise A. Brinton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Hormone receptor expression (presence-positive or absence-negative) may reflect different stages of one disease or different breast cancer types. Determining whether hormone receptor expression represents one or more breast cancer phenotypes would have important paradigmatic and practical implications.Breast cancer records were obtained from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The study included 19,541 non-Hispanic white women with node-negative breast cancer. Standard tumor cell characteristics and breast cancer-specific survival were analyzed by independent estrogen receptor (ER+ and ER-), independent progesterone receptor (PR+ and PR-), and joint ERPR expression (ER+PR+, ER+PR-, ER-PR+, and ER-PR-).Age frequency density plots by hormone receptor expression showed two overlapping breast cancer populations with early-onset and/or late-onset etiologies. Independent ER+ and PR+ phenotype were associated with smaller tumor sizes, better grade, and better cancer-specific survival than ER- and PR- breast cancer types. Joint ERPR phenotype exhibited biologic gradients for tumor size, grade, and cancer-specific survival, which ranked from good to worse for ER+PR+ to ER+PR- to ER-PR+ to ER-PR-.Variations of standard tumor cell characteristics and breast cancer-specific survival by hormone receptor expression in white patients with node-negative breast cancer suggested two breast cancer phenotypes with overlapping etiologies and distinct clinical features.