tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Early Results of the Ross Procedure in Simple and Complex Left Heart Disease
Authors: B. S. Marino, G. Wernovsky, J. Rychik, J. R. Bockoven, R. I. Godinez, T. L. Spray
Journal: Circulation (1999)

The Ross procedure has been used increasingly to treat aortic valve disease in children and young adults. Benefits include the lack of anticoagulation after surgery and the potential growth and durability of the autograft. The purpose of this study was to review our institutional experience with the Ross procedure and to compare early outcome in simple aortic valve disease and complex left heart disease.Between January 1995 and October 1998, 66 patients (median age, 10.8 years; range, 6 days to 34.8 years) underwent the Ross procedure. The primary indication for surgery was isolated valvular disease in 41 patients: aortic stenosis (AS; n=3), aortic insufficiency (AI; n=11), and AS/AI (n=27). The remaining 25 patients had multiple levels of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, 12 of whom had at least moderate AI. Additional left heart disease in the complex group included subaortic stenosis (n=20), arch obstruction (n=7), mitral valve disease (n=5), apical aortic conduit stenosis or insufficiency (n=3), and supravalvar AS (n=2). There were 123 prior interventions performed in 51 patients, including aortic valvotomy/valvuloplasty (n=56), coarctation repair (n=21), subaortic stenosis resection/Konno procedure (n=10), ventricular septal defect closure (n=8), apical aortic conduit placement (n=3), aortic valve replacement (n=3), and other (n=22). An isolated Ross procedure was performed in 41 patients, 10 of whom required concurrent aortic annulus enlargement procedure to accommodate the larger pulmonary autograft. In the remaining 25 patients, 49 concurrent procedures were performed, including the Konno procedure (n=17), aortic annulus enlargement (n=2), subaortic membrane resection (n=9), arch augmentation (n=5), mitral valvuloplasty (n=5), ventricular septal defect closure (n=4), apicoaortic conduit division (n=3), and other (n=4). One patient (1.5%) died 3 days after a Ross-Konno procedure, which included arch reconstruction, from presumed arrhythmia. There were no other early deaths. One patient required ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) for 3 days after a ventricular tachycardia (VT)-related cardiac arrest. Transient complete heart block was seen in 4 patients; the duration was <5 days. No patient had left ventricular outflow tract obstruction on discharge echocardiography. Neo-AI was graded as none (n=5), trivial-mild (n=57), or moderate (n=3). All 3 patients with moderate neo-AI at discharge had abnormal pulmonary valves before surgery. Perioperative VT was noted in 18 patients (27.2%), 2 of whom were discharged on antiarrhythmic medication.The Ross procedure can be performed in isolation or in combination with other complex procedures with low mortality (1.5%) and acceptable short-term results, even in patients with complex left heart disease and multiple prior interventions. Postoperative VT is common. Anatomic abnormalities of the pulmonary valve preclude its use as an autograft.
Acetate absorption in the normal and secreting rat jejunum.
Authors: A J Watson, E J Elliott, D D Rolston, M M Borodo, M J Farthing, P D Fairclough
Journal: Gut (1990)

Acetate absorption was studied in rat jejunum using steady state perfusion in vivo. Absorption conformed to apparent saturation kinetics and was similar in magnitude to glucose absorption. When compared with normal saline, acetate perfusion was associated with luminal alkalinisation. There was no difference in total CO2 secretion when similar rates of acetate and glucose absorption were compared, suggesting that total CO2 secretion was the result of mucosal metabolism. Absorption of acetate and propionate were mutually inhibitory. Acetate absorption was also inhibited by Tris-Hepes pH 7.0. When the gut was pretreated with cholera toxin to induce a secretory state, acetate absorption was reduced by 41.9%. This effect could be reproduced if similar water secretion was osmotically induced by the addition of mannitol. These data suggest that acetate is absorbed, at least, partially by non-ionic diffusion in the rat jejunum and that its absorption is reduced in the secreting intestine by solvent drag.
Variability of patient-ventilator interaction with pressure support ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Authors: A Jubran, W B Van de Graaff, M J Tobin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

In 12 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) receiving pressure support ventilation (PSV), we studied the variability of respiratory muscle unloading and defined its physiologic determinants using a modified pressure-time product (PTP). Inspiratory PTP/min decreased as PSV was increased (p < 0.001), but there was considerable interindividual variation: coefficients of variations of up to 96%. On multiple linear regression analysis, 73 to 83% of the variability in inspiratory PTP was explained by inspiratory resistance, minute ventilation, and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure. Taking an inspiratory PTP/min of < 125 cm H2O.sec/min to represent a desirable level of inspiratory effort during PSV, a respiratory frequency of < or = 30 breaths/min was more accurate than a tidal volume > 0.6 L in predicting this threshold (p < 0.001). At PSV of 20 cm H2O, expiratory effort, quantitated by an expiratory PTP, was clearly evident in five patients before the cessation of inspiratory flow, signifying that the patient was "fighting" the ventilator; of note, these five patients had a frequency of < or = 30 breaths/min. In conclusion, patient-ventilator interactions in patients with COPD are complex, and events in expiration need to be considered in addition to those of inspiration.
Making Progress on Breast Cancer
Authors: Luz Claudio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Making Progress on Breast CancerFor the last two years, scientists across the country have been working together in a highly collaborative effort to uncover the links between exposure to environmental pollutants, puberty, and development of breast cancer.On 10-11 November 2005 the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers (BCERCs), a joint effort of the NIEHS and the National Cancer Institute, came together in Michigan to share what they have accomplished to date.Each center reported on advances made over the past year in their two research components: 1) research on the basic biology of mammary gland development, and 2) epidemiologic studies of how environmental factors affect puberty in girls.The impetus for creation of the centers came from appeals from advocates, who urged the NIH to support a more comprehensive approach to research on the environmental causes of breast cancer."We wanted a research approach that focused on environmental causes, and we wanted more involvement from the advocates' perspective," said Dale Eastman, vice president of the Alamo Breast Cancer Foundation."The centers represent a great opportunity to conduct transdisciplinary science to explore the problem of breast cancer from many different perspectives, including the valuable perspective of [breast cancer survivor] advocates," said Robert Hiatt, principal investigator for the BCERC at the University of California, San Francisco, which collaborates with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and serves as the coordinating center for the BCERC network.The other three centers are housed at the Fox Chase Cancer Center in Philadelphia (which collaborates with Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York and the University of Alabama at Birmingham), the University of Cincinnati in Ohio (which collaborates with Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center), and Michigan State University in East Lansing.Three important features characterize the BCERC program.First, the four centers work together as a network in which experimental methods are coordinated in order to maximize the pooling and comparison of the data generated.Second, to allow adequate time to track the subjects and collect comprehensive information on the onset and progress of puberty, the BCERCs will be funded for seven years, an unusually long time, given that most NIH grants are funded for a maximum of five years.Third, representatives of breast cancer survivor advocacy organizations are integral members of the centers.The advocate members participate in many aspects of the decision-making processes, collaborate with the Community Outreach and Translation Cores of the centers, and added much to the discussion at the annual meeting.
Sex and Behavior
Authors: L. Clovis Hirning
Journal: JAMA (1966)

With nearly 600 pages and some 23 contributors, this book constitutes the end product of two international conferences held in 1961 and 1962 at the University of California in Berkeley under the sponsorship of the Committee for Research in Problems of Sex. The contributors, all leaders in their fields from all over the world, represent a wide variety of disciplines ranging from anthropology to zoology, including embryology, endocrinology, genetics, and ethnology. Psychiatry and some clinical disciplines are represented in the seven articles bearing directly on human sexuality, even though problems in sexual behavior are viewed in evolutionary perspective.  This multidisciplinary book expresses an ambitious attempt to bring together and interrelate widely scattered research methods, findings, and theoretical interpretation. Comparison of final results brings to light that there are several basic problems common to all the disciplines and also that techniques and interpretations developed by investigators in one field have direct
Not Quite a Miracle: Brain Surgeons and Their Patients on the Frontier of Medicine
Authors: Hilda L. Slive
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The "first rule" of a neurosurgeon is don't pull on anything, "it might be attached to something that's attached to something that's attached to the soul." With this dramatic quote, Franklin and Doelp set the style for their book about two famous neurosurgical teams, one headed by Donlin Long at The Johns Hopkins University Medical Center, the other by Thomas Ducker at the University of Maryland Hospital. How can we not admire and also shudder at the temerity of these surgeons who are not afraid to open the human skull and enter that mass of nerves and tissues where a fraction of an inch can mean the difference between life and death, permanent paralysis, or a complete alteration of a personality? The authors have capitalized on this fascination in recounting the personal stories of five neurosurgical patients. In a "you are there" style, we are taken on a suspenseful step-by-step
Alterations in left ventricular function, coronary hemodynamics and myocardial catecholamine balance with MDL 17043, a new inotropic vasodilator agent, in patients with severe heart failure
Authors: Christian E. Viquerat, Dean Kereiakes, D. Lynn Morris, Paul A. Daly, Mark Wexman, Paula Frank, William W. Parmley, Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1985)
Cross-reactivities in memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte recognition of heterologous viruses.
Authors: L K Selin, S R Nahill, R M Welsh
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Analyses of the relationships between different viruses and viral proteins have focused on homologies between linear amino acid sequences, but cross-reactivities at the level of T cell recognition may not be dependent on a conserved linear sequence of several amino acids. The CTL response to Pichinde virus (PV) and vaccinia virus (VV) in C57BL/6 mice previously immunized with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) included the reactivation of memory cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) specific to LCMV. Limiting dilution assays (LDA) demonstrated that at least part of this reactivation of memory cells in LCMV-immune mice related to cross-reactivity at the clonal level, even though acute infections with these viruses in nonimmune mice elicited CTL responses that did not cross-react in conventional bulk CTL assays. Precursor CTL (pCTL) to LCMV were generated in splenic leukocytes from LCMV-immune mice acutely infected with PV or VV when stimulated in vitro with only the second virus but not with uninfected peritoneal exudate cells (PECs). Cytotoxicity mediated by LCMV-specific CTL clones activated by PV infection was greatly inhibited by anti-CD8 antibody, suggesting that these memory CTL clones recognizing LCMV-infected targets were of low affinity. LCMV-immune splenocytes stimulated in vitro with PV or VV demonstrated a low but significant precursor frequency (p/f) to the heterologous viruses, and splenocytes from PV- or VV-immune mice when stimulated in vitro against LCMV generated a low but significant p/f to LCMV. Short-term CTL clones cross-reactive between LCMV and PV were derived from splenic leukocytes from LCMV-immune mice acutely infected with PV. To distinguish whether the cross-reactivity was directed against a viral peptide or a virus-induced endogenous cellular neoantigen, we demonstrated that a pCTL frequency to PV about 1/4-1/7 that of the frequency to LCMV could be generated from LCMV-immune splenic leukocytes stimulated with the immunodominant LCMV NP peptide. A partially homologous PV peptide generated from the equivalent site to the LCMV NP peptide did not sensitize targets to lysis by either LCMV- or PV-specific CTLs, suggesting that the cross-reactivity in killing was not due to evolutionarily conserved equivalent sequences. Experiments also indicated that prior immunity to one virus could modulate future primary immune responses to a second virus. Elevated pCTL frequencies to PV were seen after acute PV infection of LCMV-immune mice, and elevated pCTL frequencies to LCMV were seen after acute LCMV infection of PV- and VV-immune mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
NHS computer network will breach venereal disease regulations
Authors: R B. Roy, P Sriskandabalan
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Ross Anderson raises the serious concern of potential breaches of confidentiality because the proposed NHS network has insufficient safeguards to protect patient information.1 Aggregated databases containing the records of tens of millions of patients will be a great temptation for dishonest NHS employees, who could access the network …
Atypical prolymphocytic variant of hairy-cell leukemia: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Cherie H. Dunphy, Paul J. Petruska
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1996)

The prolymphocytic variant of hairy-cell leukemia (HCL-V) is relatively rare and differs from typical hairy-cell leukemia (HCL) both clinically and morphologically.Recognition of HCL-V is important due to therapeutic impact.We report on a case of HCL-V, atypical in its degree of marrow fibrosis, IgMllambda monoclonality, expression of CD24, and the ultrastructural presence of ribosomal lamellar complexes.The patient was treated with splenectomy followed by pentostatin, and he achieved a partial response.
Actual Involvement vs Preference for Involvement as an Indicator of Shared Decision Making—Reply
Authors: David O. Meltzer, Gregory W. Ruhnke, Hyo Jung Tak
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Millimeter‐Sized Neural Building Blocks for 3D Heterogeneous Neural Network Assembly
Authors: Midori Kato‐Negishi, Yuya Morimoto, Hiroaki Onoe, Shoji Takeuchi
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

A millimeter-sized neural building block (NBB) shows high versatility to form a 3D heterogeneous neural component. A millimeter-sized 3D neural network between heterogeneous neural tissues is established, and an efficient technique is then developed to observe the spatiotemporal metrological changes of single neuron in the NBB. This technique allows the visualization of axonal extension, dendritic branching, and morphological changes of presynaptic components and synapses in real time.
Authors' Reply: Measurement Errors in Schizophrenia Epidemiology
Authors: John McGrath, Sukanta Saha, Joy Welham, David Charles Chant
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Covering 60 years of research without mentioning a paper that highlights fl aws in the literature, in a review, should negate any conclusion.In the Cochrane review by Douglas et al. [1], which is referenced in the Best Practice article by Douglas and Hemilä [2], there was no mention of the revealing paper published last year by Padayatty et al. [3], which shows that three-times greater blood concentration can be achieved with an oral dose of vitamin C than previously thought possible.Since viruses increase the demand for ascorbic acid, the oral doses used in the reviewed studies appear trivial, and would not be expected to produce any positive effect.Compare human oral dose studies to what animals synthesize throughout the day.It is obvious that a single dose of a watersoluble vitamin, regardless of the number of milligrams consumed, will not elevate blood plasma levels enough to produce a preventive or therapeutic effect.
Building evidence on chronic disease in old age
Authors: G I Carpenter
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Evidence based medicine, clinical effectiveness, and performance indicators are the topics of the moment, but their applicability to frail elderly people in community and institutional settings is problematic because of insufficient relevant evidence. About 2-15% of the population aged over 65 of industrialised countries are residents in nursing homes and related facilities. These elderly people have multiple impairments and chronic diseases, features that generally exclude them from randomised controlled trials. There are, however, other methods that can be used to gather the evidence on which we can base our interventions for these older people.

Standardised assessment measures go beyond diagnosis to include physical and psychosocial function and must be included in an evaluation of health care for older people. The creation of databases containing such data in conjunction with data on treatments could begin to fill the gaps of missing evidence. 1 2 Under certain conditions and for certain applications, research based on clinical databases has been favourably compared with …
Immunological synapse formation inhibits, via NF-κB and FOXO1, the apoptosis of dendritic cells
Authors: Lorena Riol-Blanco, Cristina Delgado-Martín, Noelia Sánchez-Sánchez, Luis M Alonso-C, María Dolores Gutiérrez-López, Gloria Martínez del Hoyo, Joaquín Navarro, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid, Carlos Cabañas, Paloma Sánchez-Mateos, José Luis Rodríguez-Fernández
Journal: Nature Immunology (2009)
Early arm swelling predicts development of lymphoedema after axillary clearance.
Authors: SA Morais, J Morris, T Heslop, RG Newcombe, J Townson, R Mansel, NJ Bundred, on Behalf of the ALMANAC Trialists
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #4137 Lymphoedema (≥10% increase in arm swelling) occurs in 30% of patients after axillary clearance but the factors predicting the development of early lymphoedema (within 18 months of surgery) are unknown. To determine factors predicting lymphoedema at 18 months we analysed the ALMANAC trial database.&amp;#x2028; Methods: All patients had baseline and prospective tape arm measurements, prior to undergoing axillary dissection and statistical analysis of 13 management variables affecting lymphoedema was performed.&amp;#x2028; Results: Out of 407, 91 (25%) underwent axillary sampling and the remainder had clearance surgery. Mean increase in arm volume was 4.02% and 5.14% at 3 and 6 months respectively. By 18 months, 148 (36%) women out of 407 had developed lymphoedema.&amp;#x2028; Arm volume increases of 5% or greater at 3 or 6 months predicted development of lymphoedema by 18 months (p≤0.01) and identified 56% of patients with lymphoedema at 18 months. Increase in age (p=0.039), extent of axillary surgery (p=0.045) and breast radiotherapy (p=0.022) were also significant predictors of lymphoedema at 18 months. In multivariate analysis only early arm swelling remained predictive of lymphoedema.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Conclusions: Early arm swelling after axillary clearance predicts early lymphoedema. Baseline arm measurement of patients undergoing axillary clearance should be routine preoperative care to identify women who need early intervention with arm compression sleeves. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 4137.
Antibodies against Human Cytomegalovirus in the Pathogenesis of Systemic Sclerosis: A Gene Array Approach
Authors: Claudio Lunardi, Marzia Dolcino, Dimitri Peterlana, Caterina Bason, Riccardo Navone, Nicola Tamassia, Ruggero Beri, Roberto Corrocher, Antonio Puccetti
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Background Systemic sclerosis is an autoimmune disease characterized by immunological abnormalities, vascular damage, and fibroblast proliferation. We have previously shown that a molecular mimicry mechanism links antibodies against the human-cytomegalovirus-derived protein UL94 to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. The UL94 epitope shows homology with NAG-2, a surface molecule highly expressed on endothelial cells. Anti-UL94 peptide antibodies purified from patients' sera induce apoptosis of endothelial cells upon engagement of the NAG-2–integrin complex. Methods and Findings We show here that NAG-2 is expressed on dermal fibroblasts and that anti-UL94 antibodies bind to fibroblasts. We have used the gene array strategy (Affimetrix oligonucleotide microarrays) to analyze the transcriptional profile in response to a 4-h and an 8-h treatment with antibodies against the UL94 peptide in endothelial cells and dermal fibroblasts. Exposure of endothelial cells to anti-UL94 antibodies had a profound impact on gene expression, resulting in the upregulation of 1,645 transcripts. Several gene clusters were upregulated including genes encoding adhesion molecules, chemokines, colony-stimulating factors (CSFs), growth factors, and molecules involved in apoptosis. Following antibody stimulation, dermal fibroblasts showed an upregulation of 989 transcripts and acquired a "scleroderma-like" phenotype. Indeed, genes involved in extracellular matrix deposition, growth factors, chemokines, and cytokines were upregulated. We confirmed the microarray results by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and by measuring some of the corresponding proteins with ELISA and Western blotting. Conclusion Our results show that anti-human-cytomegalovirus antibodies may be linked to the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis not only by inducing endothelial cell activation and apoptosis but also by causing activation of fibroblasts, one of the hallmarks of the disease.