tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relation between Symptoms of Depression and Health Status Outcomes in Acutely Ill Hospitalized Older Persons
Authors: Kenneth E. Covinsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Older patients often have poor health status outcomes after hospitalization. Symptoms of depression are common in hospitalized older persons and may be a risk factor for these poor outcomes. Objective: To determine whether symptoms of depression predict worse health status outcomes in acutely ill, older medical patients, independent of health status and severity of illness at hospital admission. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Medical service of a teaching hospital. Patients: 572 hospitalized medical patients older than 70 years of age. Measurements: 15 symptoms of depression, health status, and severity of illness were measured at admission. The main outcome was dependence in basic activities of daily living at discharge and 30 and 90 days after discharge. Other outcome measures were dependence in instrumental activities of daily living, fair or poor global health status, and poor global satisfaction with life. Results: The median number of symptoms of depression on admission was 4. Patients with 6 or more symptoms on admission (n = 196) were more likely than patients with 0 to 2 symptoms (n = 181) to be dependent in basic activities of daily living (odds ratio, 2.47 [95% CI, 1.58 to 3.86]) after controlling for demographic characteristics and severity of illness. At each subsequent time point, patients with more symptoms of depression on admission were more likely to be dependent in basic activities of daily living. This association persisted after adjustment for dependence in basic activities of daily living, severity of illness, and demographic characteristics on admission. The odds ratios comparing patients who had 6 or more symptoms with those who had 0 to 2 symptoms were 3.23 (CI, 1.76 to 5.95) at discharge, 3.45 (CI, 1.81 to 6.60) 30 days after discharge, and 2.15 (CI, 1.15 to 4.03) 90 days after discharge. At each time point, patients with 6 or more symptoms of depression were more likely to have more dependence in instrumental activities of daily living, worse global health status, and less satisfaction with life. Conclusions: Symptoms of depression identified a vulnerable group of hospitalized older persons. The health status of patients with more symptoms of depression was more likely to deteriorate and less likely to improve during and after hospitalization. This association was not attributable to health status or severity of illness on admission. The temporal sequence and magnitude of this association, its consistency over time with different measures, and its independence from the severity of the somatic illness strongly support a relation between symptoms of depression on admission and subsequent health status outcomes.
The A.R.M. Decision
Authors: D. Thomas
Journal: BMJ (1965)

Lipochitin oligosaccharides called Nod factors function as primary rhizobial signal molecules triggering legumes to develop new plant organs: root nodules that host the bacteria as nitrogen-fixing bacteroids. Here, we show that the Lotus japonicus Nod factor receptor 5 (NFR5) and Nod factor receptor 1 (NFR1) bind Nod factor directly at high-affinity binding sites. Both receptor proteins were posttranslationally processed when expressed as fusion proteins and extracted from purified membrane fractions of Nicotiana benthamiana or Arabidopsis thaliana. The N-terminal signal peptides were cleaved, and NFR1 protein retained its in vitro kinase activity. Processing of NFR5 protein was characterized by determining the N-glycosylation patterns of the ectodomain. Two different glycan structures with identical composition, Man3XylFucGlcNAc4, were identified by mass spectrometry and located at amino acid positions N68 and N198. Receptor–ligand interaction was measured by using ligands that were labeled or immobilized by application of chemoselective chemistry at the anomeric center. High-affinity ligand binding was demonstrated with both solid-phase and free solution techniques. The Kd values obtained for Nod factor binding were in the nanomolar range and comparable to the concentration range sufficient for biological activity. Structure-dependent ligand specificity was shown by using chitin oligosaccharides. Taken together, our results suggest that ligand recognition through direct ligand binding is a key step in the receptor-mediated activation mechanism leading to root nodule development in legumes.
Mortality among Infants of Black as Compared with White College-Educated Parents
Authors: Kenneth C. Schoendorf, Carol J.R. Hogue, Joel C. Kleinman, Diane Rowley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

In the United States, black infants are twice as likely to die as white infants; this difference reflects both black infants' higher rates of low birth weight and the higher mortality among black infants of normal birth weight. We studied mortality in infants born to college-educated parents in order to investigate this gap while controlling for sociodemographic variables.
ORCHITIS AS A COMPLICATION OF INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
Authors: Lloyd S. Ralston
Journal: JAMA (1960)

Infectious mononucleosis is a common disease occurring mostly in the younger age groups. The disorder is well known for its protean manifestations. This report describes a complication, orchitis, which to our knowledge has not been previously reported. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 29-year-old man was admitted to Deaconess Hospital on March 1, 1959, having noted the onset of general malaise two weeks before admission. One week later he suddenly developed chills, followed by fever, profuse sweating, and a severe frontal headache. The patient retired to bed at home where the paroxysm of chills and fever recurred several times daily, associated with a severe frontal headache, a dry, nonproductive cough, gradual loss of appetite, diarrhea of five to six semiformed, clay-colored stools daily, and excessively dark urine. Four days before admission his testes became sore, and over the succeeding three days they became grossly swollen and so tender that he could
Clinical Exome Sequencing
Authors: Christopher M. Gomez, Soma Das
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Closing Volume and Pregnancy
Authors: D. R. Bevan, A. Holdcroft, L. Loh, W. G. MacGregor, J. C. O'Sullivan, M. K. Sykes
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Measurements of closing volume have been made in 20 women between the 36th and 40th weeks of pregnancy. The patients were studied in the erect and supine positions and the point of airway closure was related to functional residual capacity. The results show that airway closure occurred during tidal ventilation in 10 patients in the erect position and in six patients in the supine position. These results may explain the variation found in maternal arterial oxygen tension during pregnancy.
The Outcome of Hepatitis C Virus Infection Is Predicted by Escape Mutations in Epitopes Targeted by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes
Authors: Ann L Erickson, Yoichi Kimura, Suzu Igarashi, Jennifer Eichelberger, Michael Houghton, John Sidney, Denise McKinney, Alessandro Sette, Austin L Hughes, Christopher M Walker
Journal: Immunity (2001)
ASSOCIATION OF 12-LEAD ECG ABNORMALITIES WITH CARDIOVASCULAR EVENT RATES IN AORTIC STENOSIS: THE SIMVASTATIN AND EZETIMIBE IN AORTIC STENOSIS STUDY
Authors: Anders M. Greve, Morten Dalsgaard, Casper Bang, Kenneth Egstrup, Anne Rossebø, Kurt Boman, Dana Cramariuc, Christoph Nienaber, Simon Ray, Christa Gohlke-Baerwolf, Peter Okin, Richard Devereux, Lars Kober, Kristian Wachtell
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Differentiation potential of human embryonic mesenchymal stem cells for skin-related tissue
Authors: M. Wu, L. Yang, S. Liu, H. Li, N. Hui, F. Wang, H. Liu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have the capacity to differentiate into cells of connective tissue lineages, including bone, fat, cartilage and muscle, but the differentiation of embryonic MSC into epidermal cells by mesenchymal‐epithelial transition has not been confirmed. Objectives To determine the biological characteristics of human embryonic MSC (hMSC) and their potential for differentiation into epithelial cells. Methods hMSC were derived from 4–7‐week‐old embryos; they were localized and isolated, then primary culture was done. The biological characteristics of hMSC were detected by immunohistochemical methods and flow cytometry. Their differentiation potential was determined by coculture with conditioning medium and in vivo injection. Results hMSC express the relative specific antigens of MSC, such as SH2, α‐smooth actin, CD29, CD44, CD90 and S100. After stimulation and in vivo transplantation, hMSC possess the potential to differentiate into epidermal cells with the production of keratin 19 and E‐cadherin. Conclusions hMSC derived from the early human embryo have the ability to transform into epidermal cells in vivo and in vitro.
Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors and Mortality
Authors: Hailey R. Banack, Sam Harper, Jay S. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Rates of sexually transmitted infections continue to rise
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Intermittent tuberculosis treatment regimens have been developed to facilitate treatment supervision. Their efficacy has been substantiated by clinical trials and tuberculosis control programmes, notwithstanding the lack of head-to-head comparison between daily and intermittent regimens. Recently, there has been opposing evidence from observational studies, pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies and animal models that intermittent treatment increases the risk of relapse, treatment failure or acquired rifamycin resistance, especially among HIV-infected patients. Systematic reviews have been conflicting. PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE were systematically searched for publications in English to evaluate the evidence about dosing schedules and treatment efficacy. Levels of evidence and grades of recommendation were assigned largely according to clinical evidence with reference to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network guideline development handbook. A total of 32 articles were included after excluding 331 ineligible articles, 42 non-analytical studies, 22 narrative reviews or expert opinions and 44 articles embedded in systematic reviews. These included 9 systematic reviews, 8 controlled studies, 9 pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic studies, 5 mouse studies and 1 article about guinea pig experiments. Findings suggest high levels of evidence for using daily dosing schedules, especially during the initial phase in the presence of cavitation, isoniazid resistance and advanced HIV co-infection, to reduce the risk of treatment failure, recurrence and acquired drug resistance including acquired rifamycin resistance. This review justifies the use of daily schedules in standard tuberculosis treatment regimens (particularly in the initial phase), corroborates prevailing understanding of pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics and mycobacterial persisters, and supports exploration of rifapentine-containing regimens in higher dosages and frequency.
Steroid Response in Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: L. A. MENDELLA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

We compared a 2-week course of 32 mg/d methylprednisolone with placebo in a double-blind crossover trial in 46 well-characterized patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Placebo and steroid trials were separated by 2 weeks when no tablets were given. Response was assessed by measuring forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0). Placebo responses were normally distributed (mean, 0.8% change in FEV1.0; range, -30% to 33%). Six patients showed a greater than 50% increase of FEV1.0 in response to steroid; a seventh showed a 36% increase and an eighth, a 29% increase. Because of these patients the group as a whole showed a significantly greater FEV1.0 after steroid than after placebo. The eight steroid responders did not differ from nonresponders in age, sex, smoking history, or duration and intensity of symptoms including wheeze. Baseline lung function and eosinophilia of blood or sputum did not differ between the two groups. Patients who responded to steroids also responded to inhaled beta agonists: Acute bronchodilator response averaged 25% in steroid responders and 13% in nonresponders, a difference that was statistically significant although there was overlap between the two groups.
Genome-wide Interrogation of Longitudinal FEV1in Children with Asthma
Authors: Kehua Wu, Eric R. Gamazon, Hae Kyung Im, Paul Geeleher, Steven R. White, Julian Solway, George L. Clemmer, Scott T. Weiss, Kelan G. Tantisira, Nancy J. Cox, Mark J. Ratain, R. Stephanie Huang
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2014)

Rationale: Most genomic studies of lung function have used phenotypic data derived from a single time-point (e.g., presence/absence of disease) without considering the dynamic progression of a chronic disease.Objectives: To characterize lung function change over time in subjects with asthma and identify genetic contributors to a longitudinal phenotype.Methods: We present a method that models longitudinal FEV1 data, collected from 1,041 children with asthma who participated in the Childhood Asthma Management Program. This longitudinal progression model was built using population-based nonlinear mixed-effects modeling with an exponential structure and the determinants of age and height.Measurements and Main Results: We found ethnicity was a key covariate for FEV1 level. Budesonide-treated children with asthma had a slight but significant effect on FEV1 when compared with those treated with placebo or nedocromil (P < 0.001). A genome-wide association study identified seven single-nucleotide polymorphisms nominally associated with longitudinal lung function phenotypes in 581 white Childhood Asthma Management Program subjects (P < 10−4 in the placebo ["discovery"] and P < 0.05 in the nedocromil treatment ["replication"] group). Using ChIP-seq and RNA-seq data, we found that some of the associated variants were in strong enhancer regions in human lung fibroblasts and may affect gene expression in human lung tissue. Genetic mapping restricted to genome-wide enhancer single-nucleotide polymorphisms in lung fibroblasts revealed a highly significant variant (rs6763931; P = 4 × 10−6; false discovery rate < 0.05).Conclusions: This study offers a strategy to explore the genetic determinants of longitudinal phenotypes, provide a comprehensive picture of disease pathophysiology, and suggest potential treatment targets.
A brief psychosocial-behavioral intervention reduced depression after stroke more than usual care
Authors: David Barer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Mitchell PH, Veith RC, Becker KJ, et al. Brief psychosocial-behavioral intervention with antidepressant reduces poststroke depression significantly more than usual care with antidepressant: Living Well With Stroke: randomized, controlled trial. Stroke. 2009;40:3073-8. 19661478
Evaluating Open Access: Problems with the Program or the Studies?
Authors: Arthur L. Kellermann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

LettersDecember 16, 2008Evaluating Open Access: Problems with the Program or the Studies?Arthur L. Kellermann, MD, MPHArthur L. Kellermann, MD, MPHFrom Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-12-200812160-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Kudos to Mehrotra and colleagues (1) for their effort to implement and evaluate open-access scheduling of visits to 6 Boston-area primary care practices. Unfortunately, because the authors didn't come close to achieving their goal of same-day access, it is difficult to draw meaningful conclusions from their findings. Few patients with an acute problem are likely to consider an 8-day wait for a 15-minute appointment to be a meaningful improvement. But evidently, that was the best these practices could do.When a patient with a physically uncomfortable or worrisome problem cannot secure an appointment within a reasonable amount ...References1. Mehrotra A, Keehl-Markowitz L, and Ayanian JZ. Implementing open-access scheduling of visits in primary care practices: a cautionary tale. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:915-22 LinkGoogle Scholar2. Weber EJ, Showstack JA, Hunt KA, Colby DC, Grimes B, Bacchetti P, et al. Are the uninsured responsible for the increase in emergency department visits in the United States? Ann Emerg Med. 2008;52:108-15. [PMID: 18407374] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Institute of Medicine Committee on the Future of Emergency Care in the U. S. Health System . Hospital Based Emergency Care: At the Breaking Point. Washington D.C. National Academies Pr 2006. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoImplementing Open-Access Scheduling of Visits in Primary Care Practices: A Cautionary Tale Ateev Mehrotra , Lori Keehl-Markowitz , and John Z. Ayanian Evaluating Open Access: Problems with the Program or the Studies? Ateev Mehrotra , Lori Keehl-Markowitz , and John Z. Ayanian Evaluating Open Access: Problems with the Program or the Studies? Mark F. Murray Evaluating Open Access: Problems with the Program or the Studies? Chris Salisbury Evaluating Open Access: Problems with the Program or the Studies? Daren R. Anderson Metrics December 16, 2008Volume 149, Issue 12Page: 910-911KeywordsHealth carePhysiciansPrimary care ePublished: 16 December 2008 Issue Published: December 16, 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Doctors should be taught to consider the cost of their practice
Authors: B. Nand
Journal: BMJ (2014)

AUTONOMIC DYSREFLEXIA IS AN ACUTE SYNDROME OF EXCESSIVE, UNCONTROLLED SYMPATHETIC OUTPUT that can occur in patients who have had an injury to the spinal cord (generally at or above the sixth thoracic neurologic level). It is caused by spinal reflex mechanisms that remain intact despite the patient9s injury, leading to hypertension. This review describes the clinical features of autonomic dysreflexia, its common causes (most frequently stimulation of the lower urinary tract) and a recommended approach to treatment. The condition can nearly always be managed successfully, but prompt recognition is essential — without treatment there may be dire consequences, including death.
Does Preventive PCI Work?
Authors: Judith S. Hochman, P. Gabriel Steg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Treatments are designed to make people feel better or live longer. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is effective at reducing angina in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and at reducing mortality in patients who have acute myocardial infarction with ST-segment elevation and in those who have high-risk acute coronary syndromes without ST-segment elevation.1 Such successes have often been extrapolated in support of more widespread use of PCI in patients with stable coronary artery disease in hopes of reducing subsequent cardiac events.With the increasing availability of noninvasive imaging of coronary artery disease, asymptomatic patients are often referred for PCI. But . . .