tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP18: Estimating Coronary Mortality Reductions By Shifting The Population Blood Pressure Distribution Or By Improving The Management Of Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Maria Guzman Castillo, Martin O'Flaherty, Philiph Couch, Stephen Lloyd, Matthew Sperrin, Claudia Soiland-Reyes, Benjamin Green, Ian Buchan, Simon Capewell
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Hypertension is an important risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) in the UK and US. Although CHD death rates are falling, a large proportion of hypertensive patients are poorly controlled and population salt intake, a major determinant of hypertension, remains well above the recommended daily maximum of 6g/day. G. Rose identified two strategies to reduce CHD mortality. The first proposes that small, but population-wide, reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP), achieved by public health measures to reduce salt intake, will deliver large reductions in mortality. The second seeks to reduce mortality by treating hypertensive patients and keeping them below a given risk-threshold. Here we explore the potential to reduce CHD deaths through a combination of these strategies in England and Wales up to 2030. Methods: We used the Stock of Health (SoH) model assuming each individual is born with a SoH, and on an annual basis this stock depreciates due to demographic factors, and fixed and variable risk factors. When the individual’s SoH reaches a critical point, a death from CHD occurs. The model parameters were calibrated using data from the US Cardiovascular Lifetime Risk Pooling Project. Births, deaths and risk factors distributions were estimated using data from England and Wales (ONS). We modelled a baseline scenario, three population-level strategies and two high-risk strategies. The population level strategies to reduce SBP were: (1) a reduction of 0.1 mmHg achievable by health promotion or labelling strategies, (2) a reduction of 1.3 mmHg achievable by mandatory reformulation and (3) matching England and Wales SBP levels to the observed values in the US population (average reduction:7 mmHg). In the high-risk strategies, 30% and 50% of the currently uncontrolled hypertensive patients respectively are treated to keep their SBP under 140 mmHg. Results: In the baseline scenario, the total number of CHD deaths from 2013 to 2030 will be approximately 465,000 (95% CI 460,308 to 469,334). We predict 1,244 (95% CI -3,320 to 5,807) fewer deaths by health promotion; approximately 16,203 (11,691 to 20,718) fewer deaths by mandatory reformulation of foods and some 78,051 (74,016 to 82,087) fewer deaths by reducing SBP levels to the observed levels in US. Conversely, by controlling the SBP of 30% and 50% of uncontrolled hypertensive patients, we predict 4,594 (6 to 9,191) and 7,172 (6,473 to 11,767) fewer deaths respectively. Conclusion: Both risk-targeted treatment strategies and population shifts attributable to salt reduction appear to provide potential substantial contributions to reducing CHD mortality in England and Wales. There remains, however, considerable potential to achieve much greater reductions in mortality by reducing SBP levels to those seen in the US.
Abstract P127: Racial Disparities in Risk Factor Control in Older Adults with Diabetes: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Christina Parrinello, Ina Rastegar, Job G Godino, Michael D Miedema, Kunihiro Matsushita, Elizabeth Selvin
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Racial disparities in risk factor control have been documented in middle-aged adults, but much less is known about older adults with diabetes. Our findings will inform clinical guidelines on appropriate risk factor control in older adults with diabetes. Methods: In 2011-13, 6,538 ARIC participants attended visit 5, and 4,988 provided data on all key covariates used in these analyses. Of these, 31% had diagnosed diabetes (N=1,561, 72% white, mean age=75 years) and were included in this study. Tight control of risk factors was defined according to American Diabetes Association guidelines: hemoglobin A1c &lt;7%; low-density lipoprotein cholesterol &lt;100 mg/dL; systolic blood pressure (BP) &lt;140 mmHg and diastolic BP &lt;80 mmHg. We evaluated risk factor control overall and by race. We used logistic regression and predictive margins to assess independent associations of race with tight risk factor control. Results: Among older adults with diabetes, 64% used glucose-lowering medication, 70% lipid-lowering medication and 82% BP-lowering medication. Only 5% of participants did not take medication for any of these risk factors. Tight control was observed in 72% for glucose, 64% for lipids and 70% for BP. Only 34% had tight control of all three. A higher proportion of whites than blacks consistently achieved tight control ( Figure ). In multivariable analyses of persons with diabetes who were treated for risk factors, racial disparities in tight control of lipids and BP remained significant: adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% CIs (white vs black) were 1.04 (0.91, 1.17) for glucose, 1.21 (1.08-1.34) for lipids, 1.15 (1.03-1.26) for BP, and 1.33 (0.95, 1.70) for tight control of all three risk factors. Conclusions: Our results highlight racial disparities in risk factor control in older adults with diabetes that were not explained by demographic or clinical characteristics. Further studies are needed to elucidate the determinants of disparities in risk factor control and strategies to address these.
Abstract 19742: Effects of a "Health Partner" Intervention on the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Natalee K Wilson, Ibhar Al Mheid, Lynn Cunningham, Kenneth Brigham, Greg S. Martin, Gary Gibbons, Dean P. Jones, Viola Vaccarino, Arshed A. Quyyumi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is highly prevalent, afflicting a third of U.S. adults, and confers higher cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Features of MetS include abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, dysglycemia and atherogenic dyslipidemia. While lifestyle modifications are the first-line of MetS treatment, sustained adherence is achieved by a minority of patients. We investigated the effects of a Health Partner (HP) intervention on MetS. Methods and Results: A total of 119 university employees with MetS (51±9 years, 59% women, 26% African Americans) were enrolled in an academic program that promotes clinical self-knowledge and healthier lifestyles at the Center for Health Discovery and Well Being at Emory University in Atlanta, GA. Baseline anthropometric, laboratory and vascular function measurements were used by the HP to generate an action plan with detailed strategies to improve dietary and exercise habits, and subjects returned for follow up at 6 months and annually thereafter for 2 years. Repeated measures ANOVA showed statistically significant changes in waist circumference (p=0.007; baseline vs. 2 years: 103.1 vs. 98.2 cm), weight (p=0.004; 216.1±35 vs. 204.9±37 lbs), body fat percent (p=0.042; 39.6±7.4 vs. 38.1±7.9), fasting insulin levels (p=0.034; 11.4±8.3 vs. 7.9±9.9 μIU/ml), low density lipoprotein (p=0.005; 114.7±31.2 vs. 104.9±28.9 mg/dl), as well as a reduction in carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (p=0.016; 7.4±2.2 vs. 6.7±1.1 m/s), systolic (p=0.001; 131.6±17.5 vs. 125.7±14.2 mmHg) and diastolic blood pressure (p=006; 84.7±11.1 vs. 80.1±10). There were no significant changes in glucose, triglyceride levels or brachial-artery flow mediated dilation. Conclusion: A personalized, goal directed HP intervention improves abnormalities associated with MetS, including body habitus, lipid and insulin secretion abnormalities, and resulted in significant blood pressure improvements that accompanied decreased central arterial stiffness. These improvements were sustained after two years of follow-up. Whether HP intervention improves long-term outcomes and whether it is cost-effective needs further investigation.
Perioperative β-Blocker Therapy
Authors: Todd Stern, Adam S. Cifu
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Early Repolarization Pattern in the General Population
Authors: Peter A. Noseworthy, Jani T. Tikkanen, Kimmo Porthan, Lasse Oikarinen, Arto Pietilä, Kennet Harald, Gina M. Peloso, Faisal M. Merchant, Antti Jula, Heikki Väänänen, Shih-Jen Hwang, Christopher J. O’Donnell, Veikko Salomaa, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Heikki V. Huikuri
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Erlotinib and chemoradiation in patients with surgically resected locally advanced squamous head and neck cancer (HNSCC): A GICOR phase I study
Authors: F. Arias de la Vega, I. Herruzo, M. de las Heras, A. de la Torre, L. del Rio, J. Contreras, I. Prieto, J. Garcia Saenz, F. A. Calvo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6068 Background: Standard treatment for advanced HNSCC is concurrent chemoradiation. Erlotinib (e) is an oral tyrosine-kinase inhibitor of EGFR, which has activity in HNSCC. The Spanish Group of Clinical Research in Radiation Oncology leads a multicenter non randomized phase I/II study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of adding e to chemoradiation therapy of patients (pts) with surgically resected locally advanced HNSCC. Methods: Pts had HNSCC, with at least one of these criteria: T3 or T4 primary lesion (except T3N0 with negative resection margins), pathologic N2-N3 disease, and poor prognostic findings. Other eligibility criteria included: age 18–70 y; life expectancy ≥ 12 w; PS 0–1; no evidence of metastasis; adequate organic function and written informed consent. Dose-escalating phase I study consisted on 3 cohorts of 3–6 pts each, with increasing doses of e (100–150 mg po qd) and cisplatin (c) (30–40 mg/m2, iv, d 1) for 7 w. Radiotherapy was delivered as a standard regimen of daily 1.8 Gy (5 fractions/w) to a maximum total dose of 63 Gy along 7 w. Results: 12 pts have been enrolled in phase I. Median age: 57 y; all males. 4 pts were included in cohort 1 (e 100 mg/d, c 30 mg/m2): 2 pts developed mucositis gr. 3, 1 pt anemia gr. 3. 1 pt withdrew due to unacceptable toxicity (not considered DLT). Median treatment duration were 7 w, 3 pts ended treatment. 6 pts included in cohort 2 (e 150 mg/d, c 30 mg/m2): 2 pts developed mucositis (1 gr. 3, 1 gr. 4), 1 pt welt gr. 4, 1 pt syncope gr. 3 and 1 pt constipation gr. 3. 2 pts withdrew due to a gr. 4 mucositis and gr. 3 folliculitis. Median treatment duration were 8 w, 4 pts ended treatment. 2 pts in cohort 3 (e 150 mg/d, c 40 mg/m2): 2 pts developed mucositis gr. 3, 1 pt dysphonia gr. 3, 1 pt dermatitis gr. 3, 1 pt asthenia gr. 3 and 1 pt respiratory infection gr. 3. 2 pts withdrew due to respiratory infection gr. 3 and leukopenia gr. 2. Median treatment duration was 6 w. All pts developed skin rash (none gr. 3 or 4). No dose reduction was required. No MTD has been described, and cohort 3 results are pending. Conclusions: E can be safely combined with chemoradiation without requiring dose reduction of chemo or radiotherapy in this population. Phase I trial full data will be presented. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract P230: Antidepressant Use and Incident Heart Failure among Veterans with and without HIV Infection and Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Jessica R White, Chung-Chou H Chang, Kaku A Armah, Jesse C Stewart, Samir K Gupta, Adeel A Butt, Cynthia L Gibert, David Rimland, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas, David A Leaf, Roger J Bedimo, John S Gottdiener, Willem J Kop, Stephen S Gottlieb, Matthew J Budoff, Tasneem Khambaty, Hilary A Tindle, Amy C Justice, Matthew S Freiberg
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Depression is associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF) among HIV infected (HIV+) and uninfected (HIV-) veterans. Antidepressants are commonly prescribed to mitigate psychosocial symptoms related to major depressive disorder (MDD). The purpose of this study was to determine whether antidepressant use was associated with lower HF risk among a large cohort of HIV+ and HIV- veterans with MDD. We analyzed data on 13,849 veterans (36.5% HIV+) from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS), a prospective study of HIV+ and matched HIV- veterans who had a diagnosis of MDD (ICD-9 codes 296.2x &amp; 296.3x) and were free of cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline. Antidepressant use was defined as documentation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressant (TCAs), and non-SSRI, non-TCA antidepressant use from the VA pharmacy records during the baseline period (1998 - 2003). Incident HF was identified using ICD-9 codes and defined as first HF event on or after 4/1/2003 until 12/31/2009. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association between HIV infection, antidepressant use and incident HF, adjusting for covariates (Table). Most participants were on antidepressant therapy [90.2% (12,498 of 13,849)]. In the total sample, baseline antidepressant use was associated with a lower risk of HF, adjusting for all covariates including HIV (adjusted HR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.58 - 0.99). The rates of incident HF were highest among HIV+ participants who did not use antidepressants (Table). Among the HIV+ participants, the association between antidepressant use and lower HF risk neared significance (p = 0.053). Antidepressant use was common among this cohort of veterans with MDD and was associated with a lower risk of incident HF. Our study lends support to further investigations to determine the importance of antidepressants as additional therapy for CVD prevention among MDD patients with and without HIV.
Seven-point checklist of dermoscopy revisited
Authors: G. Argenziano, C. Catricalà, M. Ardigo, P. Buccini, P. De Simone, L. Eibenschutz, A. Ferrari, G. Mariani, V. Silipo, I. Sperduti, I. Zalaudek
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Most dermoscopic algorithms to diagnose melanoma were established more than 10 years ago and have been tested primarily on clear-cut melanomas and excised melanocytic naevi.To assess the diagnostic performance of pattern analysis and seven-point checklist on lesions that reflect the current clinical setting, compared with a revised seven-point checklist with a lower threshold for excision.Eight experienced dermatologists viewed dermoscopic images of 100 excised melanomas, 100 excised naevi and 100 monitored naevi. Each lesion was evaluated by pattern analysis and scored as naevus, melanoma or lesion to be excised. Images were then evaluated using the seven-point criteria, with both standard and revised thresholds for excision.Pooled data using the pattern analysis algorithm showed that 82% of melanomas and 87·5% of monitored naevi were correctly scored as lesion to be excised and benign naevus, respectively. Using the standard and revised thresholds for the seven-point checklist, excision was recommended for 77·9% and 87·8% of the lesions in the melanoma set, respectively. The standard threshold produced 'no excision' recommendations for 85·6% of the monitored naevi, compared with 74·5% using the revised threshold. Pattern analysis, standard seven-point and revised seven-point algorithms resulted in recommendations of 'excision' for 63·6%, 60·3% and 72·0% of the excised naevi, respectively.The diagnostic approach to naevi and melanoma should be adapted to the current clinical setting, in which patients may present with early-stage melanomas and multiple atypical naevi. To increase sensitivity, a revised seven-point checklist with a lower threshold for excision should be used.
Rat Anterior Pituitary
Authors: Zygmunt S. Krozowski, John W. Funder
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Studies on the feedback inhibition of ACTH release by steroid hormones and on the binding of tritiated steroids by the pituitary have prompted the hypothesis that receptors in addition to or other than classical glucocorticoid receptors may mediate steroid hormone effects in this tissue. Accordingly, we have asked whether more than one glucocorticoid-binding species, distinct from corticosteroid binding globulin, can be found in rat anterior pituitary gland.
Screening and Treatment for Subclinical Thyroid Disease
Authors: Bernadette Biondi, Gaetano Lombardi, Emiliano A Palmieri
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: MYRON H. WEINBERGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

New diagnostic techniques have enhanced the detection of primary aldosteronism. However, the response of blood pressure after operation in unilateral and bilateral adrenal disease is different. We have compared four localizing techniques—adrenal venography, adrenal isotopic scanning, a modified adrenal venous sampling for steroid measurements, and the anomalous postural decrease in plasma aldosterone concentration—in 51 patients with primary aldosteronism, all of whom had undergone operative confirmation. Adrenalectomy resulted in normal blood pressure in 59%, improvement in 25%, and no change in 16%. Correct localization of the lesion was obtained in 47% by the adrenal isotopic scan, in 66% by adrenal venography, and in 91% by the modified adrenal venous hormone technique despite four false-positives. Of the 26 patients with an anomalous postural decrease in plasma aldosterone, 88% had a unilateral lesion.
Abstract 2909: A gene signature composed of 13 p53 target genes predicts for response to NVP-CGM097, a novel p53-Mdm2 inhibitor, in cell lines and in human primary tumor xenograft models
Authors: Sebastien Jeay, Swann Gaulis, Stéphane Ferretti, Geneviève Albrecht, Louise Barys, Daniel Guthy, Ensar Halilovic, Moriko Ito, Masato Murakami, Astrid Pornon, Stephan Ruetz, Kavitha Venkatesan, Jianjun Yu, Michael Jensen, Marion Wiesmann, Jens Wuerthner, Diana Graus-Porta
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Patient selection biomarkers are essential for the successful and rapid development of emerging targeted anti-cancer therapeutics. In this study we have identified a novel patient selection strategy for NVP-CGM097, a p53-Mdm2 inhibitor currently in a Phase I clinical trial (NCT01760525). We have analyzed the sensitivity of over 500 cell lines from the “Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia” to the p53-Mdm2 inhibitor in cell viability assays, and intersected response data with information on gene expression and genomic alterations. This analysis has led to the identification of a gene signature consisting of 13 genes, as a predictor for sensitivity to NVP-CGM097. Interestingly, these 13 genes are known p53 downstream target genes, supporting the hypothesis that the identified gene signature is reflective of the p53 pathway functionality in sensitive cell lines. We show the performance of the signature as ROC and Precision-Recall curves in cell lines as well as in a number of human primary tumor xenografts, both unselected as well as pre-selected for p53 wild-type status. Work is now ongoing to validate this gene signature using baseline tumor biopsy samples and RECIST-based efficacy readouts in the current Phase I clinical trial. Citation Format: Sebastien Jeay, Swann Gaulis, Stéphane Ferretti, Geneviève Albrecht, Louise Barys, Daniel Guthy, Ensar Halilovic, Moriko Ito, Masato Murakami, Astrid Pornon, Stephan Ruetz, Kavitha Venkatesan, Jianjun Yu, Michael Jensen, Marion Wiesmann, Jens Wuerthner, Diana Graus-Porta. A gene signature composed of 13 p53 target genes predicts for response to NVP-CGM097, a novel p53-Mdm2 inhibitor, in cell lines and in human primary tumor xenograft models. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2909. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2909
Transplantation Immunity Involving the &lt;italic&gt;H-3&lt;/italic&gt; Locus: Graft Survival Times&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: James H. Berrian, Charles F. Mc-Khann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Journal Article Transplantation Immunity Involving the H-3 Locus: Graft Survival Times Get access James H. Berrian, Ph.D., James H. Berrian, Ph.D. Naval Medical Research Institute, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles F. Mc-Khann, M.D. Charles F. Mc-Khann, M.D. Naval Medical Research Institute, National Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 1, July 1960, Pages 111–123, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.1.111 Published: 01 July 1960 Article history Received: 17 December 1959 Published: 01 July 1960
Cognate recognition of the endothelium induces HY-specific CD8+ T-lymphocyte transendothelial migration (diapedesis) in vivo
Authors: Federica M. Marelli-Berg, Martha J. James, John Dangerfield, Julian Dyson, Maggie Millrain, Diane Scott, Elizabeth Simpson, Sussan Nourshargh, Robert I. Lechler
Journal: Blood (2003)
Role for Bcl-xL in Delayed Eosinophil Apoptosis Mediated by Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Interleukin-5
Authors: Birgit Dibbert, Isabelle Daigle, Doris Braun, Corinna Schranz, Martina Weber, Kurt Blaser, Uwe Zangemeister-Wittke, Arne N. Akbar, Hans-Uwe Simon
Journal: Blood (1998)