tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
VALIDATING THE GLASGOW-BLATCHFORD UPPER GI BLEEDING SCORING SYSTEM
Authors: J Stevenson, K Bowling, J Littlewood, D Stewart
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The Glasgow Blatchford score is a risk scoring tool used to predict the need to treat patients presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. NICE guidelines suggest patients with a score of zero can be considered for safe early discharge. <h3>Aims/Background</h3> As far as we know there are no UK studies validating this scoring system. We aim to demonstrate the validity of the Glasgow Blatchford risk score by means of a prospective study. <h3>Method</h3> We prospectively calculated the Glasgow Blatchford score for all patients with acute upper GI bleeding admitted through the acute surgical take in a busy district general hospital from January 2013 to present. These patients were then followed up and their treatment documented on an anonymised, prospectively maintained database. Initial and complete Rockall score was also documented. <h3>Results</h3> 88 patients were admitted throught the surgical assessement unit. 68 were male. Age range was 32 to 94 years, median age 65 years (mean 63). There were 32 admissions through A+E, 44 GP referrals and 10 ward referrals. 12 patients had a Glasgow Blatchford score of zero, 8 of whom had outpatient OGD, all 12 showed no active bleeding. 10 of these OGDs were reported as normal. 50 patients had a score of 6 or below, 38 patients had a score of more than 6. No patient with a score of less than 6 required blood product transfusion. Patients with a score of 7 or more required an average of 3 units packed red cells and 1 unit of FFP. 86% of patients with a GBS score of &gt;6 required emergency endoscopy within 24 hours of admission. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The Glasgow Blatchford score is a valid assessment tool when considering the need for treatment in patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Patients scoring zero can be considered for safe early discharge as per NICE guidance and subsequent outpatient investigation. Scores of more than 6 are associated with the need for transfusion of blood products and urgent inpatient investigation.
Comparison of complications during percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty from 1977 to 1981 and from 1985 to 1986: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty Registry
Authors: David R Holmes, Richard Holubkov, Ronald E Vlietstra, Sheryl F Kelsey, Guy S Reeder, Gerald Dorros, David O Williams, Michael J Cowley, David P Faxon, Kenneth M Kent, Lamberto G Bentivoglio, Katherine Detre
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Tumor Eradication by Radiofrequency Therapy
Authors: Harry H. LeVeen
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Tumor blood flow, measured by an isotope dilution technique, is only 2% to 15% of that of the surrounding tissue. This sluggish circulation differentiates cancer from normal tissue and forms the basis for a new therapy that entails the transfer of radiofrequency (RF) energy for heating tissues locally. The heated tissue is cooled by the circulation of blood, which carries away the heat. Impaired perfusion, as in cancers, impedes cooling. Heating by RF elevated the temperatures of animal and human cancers by 5 to 9.5 C above that of healthy tissue. The heat eradicated the animal cancers without destruction of normal tissue. Radiofrequency therapy produced tissue necrosis or substantial regression of cancer in 21 patients.
Acute Renal Failure and Ketorolac
Authors: Gregory K. Buller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Letters15 September 1997Acute Renal Failure and KetorolacGregory K. Buller, MD and Mark A. Perazella, MDGregory K. Buller, MDYale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06520Search for more papers by this author and Mark A. Perazella, MDYale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06520Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-6-199709150-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:For more than 15 years, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been associated with acute renal failure as a potential side effect. However, this phenomenon occurs only when renal blood flow significantly depends on renal vasodilator prostaglandin production [1]. In “normal” persons without risk factors for NSAID-related acute renal failure, only one clearcut report has described an NSAID overdose causing acute renal failure [2]. Thus, the relative incidence of NSAID-induced acute renal failure in any population depends on the prevalence of known risk conditions (such as chronic renal failure, cirrhosis, and heart failure) in that population and the ...References1. Clive DM, Stoff JS. Renal syndromes associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. N Engl J Med. 1984; 310:563-72. Google Scholar2. Buller GK, Perazella MA. Can ibuprofen cause acute renal failure in a normal individual? Am J Kidney Dis. 1991; 18:600-1. Google Scholar3. Feldman HI, Kinman JL, Berlin JA, Hennessy S, Kimmel SE, Farrar J, et al. Parenteral ketorolac: the risk for acute renal failure. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:193-9. Google Scholar4. Hou SH, Bushinsky DA, Wish JB, Cohen JJ, Harrington JT. Hospital-acquired renal insufficiency: a prospective study. Am J Med. 1983; 74:243-9. Google Scholar5. Perazella MA, Buller GK. NSAID nephrotoxicity revisited: acute renal failure due to parenteral ketorolac. South Med J. 1993; 86:1421-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gregory K. Buller, MD; Mark A. Perazella, MDAffiliations: Yale University School of Medicine; New Haven, CT 06520 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBleeding After a Single Dose of Ketorolac in a Postoperative PatientKetorolac in the Era of Cyclo-Oxygenase-2 Selective Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: A Systematic Review of Efficacy, Side Effects, and Regulatory IssuesAnti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in gout 15 September 1997Volume 127, Issue 6Page: 493KeywordsAcute renal failureCirrhosisHeart failureMedical risk factorsNSAIDsOpioidsRenal failureRetrospective studiesRisk managementVasodilators ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A CASE OF SPOROTRICHOSIS
Authors: WALLACE BEATTY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1917)

Journal Article A CASE OF SPOROTRICHOSIS Get access WALLACE BEATTY, M.D. WALLACE BEATTY, M.D. Hon. Professor of Dermatology, University of Dublin; Physician to the Adelaide Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 29, Issue 4, 1 October 1917, Pages 270–273, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1917.tb09679.x Published: 01 October 1917
Effect of Small Doses of Heparin in Increasing the Translucence of Plasma during Alimentary Lipemia
Authors: WILLIAM J. BLOCK, NELSON W. BARKER, FRANK D. MANN
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Heparin administered intravenously increases the translucence of plasma during alimentary lipemia. This apparently is solely a physical change. This article reports observations concerning this phenomenon in normal persons and atherosclerotic patients. For purposes of maximal sensitivity, exceedingly small amounts of heparin are used, and distinct differences between the normal and the atherosclerotic individuals are noted, with the atherosclerotic failing to clear well on the same empiric dose of heparin as the normal persons. An unexpected observation was that the normal men developed a significantly greater degree of lipemia than did normal women after ingestion of the same fat meal.
Pruritus in Dialysis Patients Treated with Parenteral Lidocaine
Authors: Luis Tapia, Jhoong S. Cheigh, David S. David, John F. Sullivan, Stuart Saal, Marcus M. Reidenberg, Kurt H. Stenzel, Albert L. Rubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Pruritus is one of the most disturbing and poorly understood symptoms in patients on chronic hemodialysis,1 2 3 4 its reported prevalence varying from 15 to 86 per cent. Except for a few case reports of a dramatic response to subtotal parathyroidectomy,1 , 3 , 4 the therapy of pruritus has been persistently unsuccessful. After one of us (L.T.) learned of the use of lidocaine for relief of itching in a patient with liver disease, we decided to try it for pruritus occurring in patients during hemodialysis.Materials and MethodsPreliminary StudyTwenty patients with persistent severe pruritus during hemodialysis were studied. Conventional drugs for itching (antihistamines, . . .
BRACHIAL NEURITIS DUE TO CERVICAL RIB
Authors: W. Wrangham, J. Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1923)

JOUR_ALtlhe time) Rhow either a normal or a diminished amylase content in blood and urine.Our work therefore gives little or no support to this hypotlhesis.So far we lhave found a subnormal blood diastase only in diabetes mellitus, liver disease, one case of albuminuria in pregnancy (Table III,K632), and one case of septic endocarditis.In most instances tlhe urinary diastase was normal, so that the low blood values were not due to a diminished formation of the ferment.It is possible that a lowered renal threshold for amylase was present, such as has been suggested by Langdon Brown5 to explain the relatively higlh urinary *figures (associated with normal blood diastase) in pregnancy toxaemias.Excluding the pregnant patient, our cases had little or no albuwinuria.Otlherwise we are at a loss as to -what significance (if any) sliould be attaclhed to these subnormal blood aumylase findings.In conclusion our results confirm the opinion of previous investigators (Allen6) that diastase tests are of little or no value in the diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of diabetes mellitus.Summary.Estimations of diastase simultaneously in blood and urine have been made in fifty-five diabetics and a large number of controls, due attention being paid to the reaction of the urine, the diet, etc.Our findings are in support of those investigators who have concluded that the presence of amylase is more or less acci- dental, and of little or no value in the diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment of diabetes mellitus.
Evaluation of Current Eligibility Criteria for Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Kajsa Sjöholm, Åsa Anveden, Markku Peltonen, Peter Jacobson, Stefano Romeo, Per-Arne Svensson, Lars Sjöström, Lena M.S. Carlsson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

Patients with a BMI <35 kg/m(2) and patients with a BMI between 35 and 40 kg/m(2) without comorbidities are noneligible by current eligibility criteria for bariatric surgery. We used Swedish obese subjects (SOS) to explore long-term outcomes in noneligible versus eligible patients.The SOS study involved 2,010 obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery (68% vertical-banded gastroplasty, 19% banding, and 13% gastric bypass) and 2,037 contemporaneously matched obese controls receiving usual care. At inclusion, the participant age was 37-60 years and BMI was ≥34 kg/m(2) in men and ≥38 kg/m(2) in women. The effect of surgery was assessed in patients that do (n = 3,814) and do not (n = 233) meet current eligibility criteria. The date of analysis was 1 January 2012. The follow-up time was up to 20 years, with a median of 10 years.Cardiovascular risk factors were significantly improved both in noneligible and eligible individuals after 10 years of follow-up. Surgery reduced the diabetes incidence in both the noneligible (adjusted hazard ratio 0.33 [95% CI 0.13-0.82], P = 0.017) and eligible (0.27 [0.22-0.33], P < 0.001) groups. We could not detect a difference in the effect of surgery between the groups (adjusted interaction P value = 0.713).Bariatric surgery drastically reduced the incidence of type 2 diabetes both in noneligible and eligible patients and improved cardiovascular risk factors in both groups. Our results show that strict BMI cutoffs are of limited use for bariatric surgery prioritization if the aim is to prevent diabetes and improve cardiovascular risk factors.
Abstract 5638: Preclinical evidence supporting cotargeting insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and Src in non-small cell lung cancer.
Authors: Jin-Soo Kim, Hye-Young Min, Hye Jeong Yun, Hyun-Ji Jang, Edward S. Kim, Diane Liu, J. Jack Lee, Carmen Behrens, Scott M. Lippman, Waun Ki Hong, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Ho-Young Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The antitumor efficacy of IGF-1R targeting agents (TKIs or antibodies) has been evaluated in recent clinical trials, but the effect has been found to be marginal and limited. Since it has been suggested that IGF-1R and Src signaling pathways cooperate with each other in the proliferation and survival of cancer cells, we investigated the role of Src in the resistance to the IGF-1R TKI and further suggested the rationale of co-targeting of IGF-1R and Src in the treatment of NSCLC. We examined Src-mediated regulation of IGF-1R activation and assessed the effect of the combined treatment with an IGF-1R TKI and a Src inhibitor on the proliferation, survival, and signaling changes in human NSCLC cells and NSCLC xenografts in nude mice. In addition, expressions of the IGF-1R signaling axis were evaluated in tissue microarrays of NSCLC from two independent databases (N=352, and 353, respectively) and correlated with clinicopathologic characteristics and patient survival. We found co-activation of IGF-1R and Src in various NSCLC cells and modulation of IGF-1R signaling by overexpression or knockdown of Src. Combined blockade of IGF-1R and Src resulted in the suppression of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of signaling responsible for cell survival and proliferation, and tumor growth in vivo. In human tissue samples, p-IGF-1R/IR, IGF-1R, and pSrc expressions were significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in both TMAs. pIGF-1R/IR and pSrc had strong positive correlation with each other (P&amp;lt;.0001 and P&amp;lt;.0001, respectively). The expression of pSrc serves as a predictor of poor survival in these patients by multivariate analysis in patients with adenocarcinoma. Our data suggest that Src may play an important role in the resistance of a small molecule inhibitor targeting IGF-1R, and IGF-1R and Src are activated in NSCLC patients and thus should be investigated as therapeutic targets in NSCLC patients. Further studies would be necessary to examine the efficacy of combined treatment targeting IGF-1R and Src in NSCLC patients. Citation Format: Jin-Soo Kim, Hye-Young Min, Hye Jeong Yun, Hyun-Ji Jang, Edward S. Kim, Diane Liu, J. Jack Lee, Carmen Behrens, Scott M. Lippman, Waun Ki Hong, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Ho-Young Lee. Preclinical evidence supporting cotargeting insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) and Src in non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5638. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-5638
Targeting transcription factor SALL4 in acute myeloid leukemia by interrupting its interaction with an epigenetic complex
Authors: Chong Gao, Todor Dimitrov, Kol Jia Yong, Hiro Tatetsu, Ha-won Jeong, Hongbo R. Luo, James E. Bradner, Daniel G. Tenen, Li Chai
Journal: Blood (2013)
Urate Urolithiasis in Primary and Secondary Gout.
Authors: A. B. Gutman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Urate Urolithiasis in Primary and Secondary Gout.A. B. Gutman, M.D., F.A.C.P.A. B. Gutman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-741_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe incidence of uric acid stone in patients with primary gout in the United States is variously reported as between 12 and 18%, in secondary gout up to 40%. This incidence is far higher than that of the population at large, since about 0.5 to 1% of hospital admissions are for renal lithiasis, of which uric acid stones in adults account for 5 to 10%. The reasons for this marked predilection for urate urolithiasis in gout are not altogether clear, but certain correlations can be made. In primary gout, the incidence of urate stone is higher in overexcretors of uric... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: A. B. Gutman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: New York, N. Y. (BS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byUric Acid CalculiUrinary tract stone disease classic studiesLa Terapia Medica Della Calcolosi Urica UrinariaÜber die Harnsäuerung bei HarnsäuresteinträgernUse of Allopurinol for Prevention and Control of Hyperuricemia in Patients with Neoplastic DiseaseUric Acid Metabolism in Normal Man and in Primary GoutAllopurinol in the Treatment of GoutJAMES B. WYNGAARDEN, M.D., R. WAYNE RUNDLES, M.D., EARL N. METZ, M.D.GoutSignificance of the renal clearance of uric acid in normal and gouty manEffect of allopurinol (4-Hydroxypyrazolo-(3,4-d)pyrimidine) on serum and urinary uric acid in primary and secondary gout 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 741-742KeywordsAdultsGoutUric acid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF downloadLoading ...
Management of the Second Twin
Authors: R. R. Macdonald
Journal: BMJ (1962)

STEROID WITHDRAWAL BD[BTSRNAL crisis.The use of the steroids is such common practice to-day that in cases of unexplained coma the possibility of adrenocortical insufficiency due to steroid withdrawal and an accompanying infection should be suspected. SummaryLoss of consciousness was the presenting manifestation in three patients who while being maintained on long-term steroid therapy developed an acute respi- ratory infection and concomitantly discontinued their medication.Prompt recovery occurred after corticosteroid administration, and it is postulated that the loss of consciousness was due to acute adrenal insufficiency occasioned by steroid withdrawal and the stress of infection.It is suggested that in cases of unexplained coma the possibility of adrenocortical insufficiency due to withdrawal of steroid therapy and a concomitant stress situation should be suspected.I am grateful to Dr. M. M.
Vitamin E deficiency and its clinical significance in adults with primary biliary cirrhosis and other forms of chronic liver disease
Authors: G.P. Jeffrey, D.P.R. Muller, A.K. Burroughs, S. Matthews, C. Kemp, O. Epstein, T.A. Metcalfe, E. Southam, M. Tazir-Melboucy, P.K. Thomas, N. McIntyre
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1987)
US doctors are sometimes economical with the truth, survey shows
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Most US doctors believe that they should be open and honest with patients, but a substantial number acknowledge that they do not always practise what they preach, says a new study published in Health Affairs (doi:10.1377/hlthaff.2010.1137) . 

About a third of doctors did not always inform patients of serious medical errors or disclose financial relationships with drug and device companies, the study found.

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The Relationship between Early Childhood Blood Lead Levels and Performance on End-of-Grade Tests
Authors: Marie Lynn Miranda, Dohyeong Kim, M. Alicia Overstreet Galeano, Christopher J. Paul, Andrew P. Hull, S. Philip Morgan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Childhood lead poisoning remains a critical environmental health concern. Low-level lead exposure has been linked to decreased performance on standardized IQ tests for school-aged children.In this study we sought to determine whether blood lead levels in early childhood are related to educational achievement in early elementary school as measured by performance on end-of-grade (EOG) testing.Educational testing data for 4th-grade students from the 2000-2004 North Carolina Education Research Data Center were linked to blood lead surveillance data for seven counties in North Carolina and then analyzed using exploratory and multivariate statistical methods.The discernible impact of blood lead levels on EOG testing is demonstrated for early childhood blood lead levels as low as 2 microg/dL. A blood lead level of 5 microg/dL is associated with a decline in EOG reading (and mathematics) scores that is roughly equal to 15% (14%) of the interquartile range, and this impact is very significant in comparison with the effects of covariates typically considered profoundly influential on educational outcomes. Early childhood lead exposures appear to have more impact on performance on the reading than on the mathematics portions of the tests.Our emphasis on population-level analyses of children who are roughly the same age linked to previous (rather than contemporaneous) blood lead levels using achievement (rather than aptitude) outcome complements the important work in this area by previous researchers. Our results suggest that the relationship between blood lead levels and cognitive outcomes are robust across outcome measures and at low levels of lead exposure.
Randomised controlled trial of treatment of unilateral visual impairment detected at preschool vision screening
Authors: M P Clarke
Journal: BMJ (2003)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b> To test the efficacy of treatment for unilateral visual loss detected by preschool vision screening and the extent to which effectiveness varies with initial severity. <b>Design</b> Randomised controlled trial of full treatment with glasses and patching, if required, compared with glasses only or no treatment. Masked assessment of best corrected acuity after one year of follow up. <b>Setting</b> Eight UK eye departments. <b>Participants</b> 177 children aged 3-5 years with mild to moderate unilateral impairment of acuity (6/9 to 6/36) detected by screening. <b>Results</b> Children in the full and glasses treatment groups had incrementally better visual acuity at follow up than children who received no treatment, but the mean treatment effect between full and no treatment was equivalent to only one line on a Snellen chart (0.11 log units; 95% confidence interval 0.050 to 0.171; P &lt; 0.0001). The effects of treatment depended on initial acuity: full treatment showed a substantial effect in the moderate acuity group (6/36 to 6/18 at recruitment) and no significant effect in the mild acuity group (6/9 to 6/12 at recruitment) (P = 0.006 for linear regression interaction term). For 64 children with moderate acuity loss the treatment effect was 0.20 log units, equivalent to one to two lines on a Snellen chart. When all children had received treatment, six months after the end of the trial, there was no significant difference in acuity between the groups. <b>Conclusions</b> Treatment is worth while in children with the poorest acuity, but in children with mild (6/9 to 6/12) unilateral acuity loss there was little benefit. Delay in treatment until the age of 5 did not seem to influence effectiveness.