tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arithmetic of Pharmacy.
Authors: Alviso Burdett Stevens
Journal: JAMA (1920)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AN UNUSUAL SOURCE OF RECURRENT PULMONARY EMBOLI: PRIMARY PELVIC VARICOCELE
Authors: S B LONDON, R E LONDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1957)

Case Reports1 May 1957AN UNUSUAL SOURCE OF RECURRENT PULMONARY EMBOLI: PRIMARY PELVIC VARICOCELESEYMOUR B. LONDON, M.D., ROSE E. LONDON, M.D.SEYMOUR B. LONDON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROSE E. LONDON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-46-5-976 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPulmonary thrombo-embolic disease, because of its frequency and serious implications as a cause of morbidity in the aged and the chronically ill, and in postoperative states, has received increasing clinical attention. In the young, noncardiac, nontraumatized healthy individual, however, recurrent pulmonary embolization is a relative rarity. We recently treated a 40 year old housewife who, over a 10 year period, suffered more than 100 episodes of pulmonary embolization of undiagnosed origin. The diagnosis of pelvic varicocele was eventually established, and the patient was treated and cured by vena caval ligation and surgical excision of the source of the emboli.Our...Bibliography1. FegerlNarik HG: Die Varicocele pelvina muliebrum als selbstaendiges Krankheitsbild (varicocele pelvina muliebrum as an independent entity), Zentralbl. f. Gynäk. 76: 392, 1954. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. Imparato E: Il varicocele pelvico, Rassegna internaz. clin. e terap. 32: 628, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. Ferreira Gomez A: Chronic pelvic congestion in female; importance of gynecologic varicocele, Rev. españ. obst. y ginec. 10: 347, 1951. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Davis CH: Gynecology and obstetrics, edited by Davis, C. H., and Carter, B., 1953, W. F. Prior Company, Inc., Hagerstown, Maryland, Vol. 2, Chapter 18, p. 43; Vol. 3, Chapter 18, p. 207. Google Scholar5. CrossenCrossen HSRJ: Diseases of women, 9th Ed., 1944, The C. V. Mosby Company, St. Louis, p. 656. Google Scholar6. HodgkinsonChristensen CPRC: Hemorrhage from ruptured uteroovarian veins during pregnancy; report of 3 cases and review of the literature, Am. J. Obst. and Gynec. 59: 1112, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Miami Beach, Florida*Received for publication November 25, 1955.From the Department of Medicine, Mt. Sinai Hospital of Greater Miami, Miami Beach, Florida.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Seymour B. London, M.D., 1085 Dade Boulevard, Miami Beach 39, Florida. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1957Volume 46, Issue 5Page: 976-982KeywordsAnticoagulant therapyHospital medicineInflammationLigation assayMorbidityPulmonary diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1957 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract A37: The signet ring cell melanoma - rare morphological variant of melanoma: Case report
Authors: Sinisa Maksimovic
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Introduction: Melanoma is a malignant tumor of melanocytes of skin. The histopathological variants of malignant melanoma include the common type (lentigo maligna (5%), superficial spreading melanoma (65%), nodular melanoma (15%), acrolentiginous melanoma (5%). The signet ring cell melanoma is a rare form melanoma, being seen in some 0.5% of melanomas. Aim of work: That showed young women with signet ring cell melanoma is a rare form melanoma. Material and methods: We describe a 39-year-old patient with a primary signet-ring cell melanoma of the skin located on the left upper quadrant of abdominal wall. Results: Diagnosis the tumour of skin was in department of surgery and histhopatology in General hospital in Bijeljini in December of the 2007. We performed clinical and histhopatologic examination. Physical examination revealed a well circumscribed and firm mass measuring 150x 100x 80 mm of the skin located on the upper quadrant of abdominal wall and solid mass in pelvis. Because of high suspect melanoma in patient performed surgical excision of skin tumor. Pathohysthology diagnosis was: Melanoma nodularis achromaticum. Immunohistochemistry showed positive reaction of the tumor cells for S-100, HMB-45 protein and vimentin, confirming their melanocytic differentiation. Tumor cells were negative for cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). After immunohistochemistry analysis definitive pathohystology was: Signet ring cell melanoma. The signet-ring cell melanoma disclosed an invasion to Clark Level V and tumor thickness Breslow level III. Tumor from pelvis was appertain uterus and histopathologic diagnosis is a leomyoma. Conclusion: Signet-ring cell melanoma is a rare morphologic variant of melanoma. Its recognition is important for differentiation from other tumors featuring signet ring cells. Note: This abstract was not presented at the conference. Citation Format: Sinisa Maksimovic. The signet ring cell melanoma - rare morphological variant of melanoma: Case report. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr A37.
Molecular diagnostic and genetic characterization of highly pathogenic viruses: application during Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus outbreaks in Eastern Europe and the Middle East
Authors: C. Filippone, P. Marianneau, S. Murri, N. Mollard, T. Avsic-Zupanc, S. Chinikar, P. Desprès, V. Caro, A. Gessain, N. Berthet, N. Tordo
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)

Several haemorrhagic fevers are caused by highly pathogenic viruses that must be handled in Biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) containment. These zoonotic infections have an important impact on public health and the development of a rapid and differential diagnosis in case of outbreak in risk areas represents a critical priority. We have demonstrated the potential of a DNA resequencing microarray (PathogenID v2.0) for this purpose. The microarray was first validated in vitro using supernatants of cells infected with prototype strains from five different families of BSL-4 viruses (e.g. families Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, Flaviviridae and Paramyxoviridae). RNA was amplified based on isothermal amplification by Phi29 polymerase before hybridization. We were able to detect and characterize Nipah virus and Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in the brains of experimentally infected animals. CCHFV was finally used as a paradigm for epidemics because of recent outbreaks in Turkey, Kosovo and Iran. Viral variants present in human sera were characterized by BLASTN analysis. Sensitivity was estimated to be 10(5) -10(6) PFU/mL of hybridized cDNA. Detection specificity was limited to viral sequences having ~13-14% of global divergence with the tiled sequence, or stretches of ~20 identical nucleotides. These results highlight the benefits of using the PathogenID v2.0 resequencing microarray to characterize geographical variants in the follow-up of haemorrhagic fever epidemics; to manage patients and protect communities; and in cases of bioterrorism.
Long‐term effectiveness of the combined minute ventilation and patient activity sensors as predictor of heart failure events in patients treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy: Results of the Clinical Evaluation of the Physiological Diagnosis Function in the <scp>PARADYM CRT</scp> device Trial (<scp>CLEPSYDRA</scp>) study
Authors: Angelo Auricchio, Michael R. Gold, Josep Brugada, G. Nölker, Siva Arunasalam, Christophe Leclercq, Pascal Defaye, Leonardo Calò, Oliver Baumann, Francisco Leyva
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Textbook of Human Virology
Authors: Robert B. Belshe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Since the publication in 1984 of the first edition of this book, the field of medical virology has continued to develop at a brisk pace. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) pandemic has driven major research efforts to muster clinical and basic bacterial, fungal and protozoal infections that occur in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). This second edition assembles and synthesizes information into a single volume that incorporates the new knowledge in virology that has been gained in recent years. The chapters have been updated to include contemporary information on the molecular biology of viruses.
Abstract 16843: Black Race is Linked to Lower Occurrence of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Florian Rader, David R Van Wagoner, Patrick T Ellinor, Marc A Gillinov, Mina K Chung, Otto Costantini, Eugene H Blackstone
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objective:  To investigate differences in occurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after cardiac surgery between black and white patients, because genetic predisposition for non-surgical AF has been suggested and could also affect postoperative AF.   Methods:  Between 1995-2005, 21,458 patients of self-reported black or white race underwent CABG and/or valve surgery in sinus rhythm. To adjust for patient confounders, including socioeconomic position, we propensity-matched black with white patients and studied occurrence of postoperative AF and other postoperative arrhythmic and non-arrhythmic complications. Multivariable logistic regression identified predictors of postoperative AF in black patients.   Results:  Of 20,282 white patients 7,093 (35%) developed postoperative AF, compared to 255 (22%) of 1,176 black patients (p    Conclusion:  In this propensity-matched study black patients had lower occurrence of postoperative AF after cardiac surgery, when compared to whites. These results have novel mechanistic implications: genetic predisposition may play an important role in the development of AF after cardiac surgery.
Abstract 18745: Major Adverse Cardiac Events After Non-cardiac Surgery Following Previous Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Stent Implantation
Authors: Marcin Wasowicz, Summer Syed, Lukasz Starzyk, Duminda Wijeysundera, Scott W Beattie
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: It is estimated that 5-16% of patients (pts) previously treated with percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and stent implantation will present for elective non-cardiac surgery (NCS) within 1 year. Despite ACC/AHA recommendations on antiplatelet therapy (ATP) the incidence of perioperative major cardiovascular events (MACE) is high. The objective of this multi-center prospective, cohort study was to determine if APT continued throughout perioperative period decreases the incidence of MI in this population and to determine the mechanism of MACE in post-PCI pts undergoing NCS. Hypothesis: There is an association between inadequate platelet inhibition and the incidence of MACE in pts undergoing NCS after previous PCI. Method: After REB approval pts after previous PCI scheduled for elective NCS were recruited. The primary outcome was Major Adverse Cardiac Event (defined as MI, stent thrombosis, need for revascularization or 30 day mortality). The incidence of MI was blindly adjudicated in duplicate using the 3 rd Univ. definition of MI. Troponin levels were measured every 8h for 2 days, then once daily until discharge in addition to ECG measurements. All pts patient was followed up for any clinical symptoms of MI. The location of MI was also judged based on its location (area of stent or not). The platelet inhibition by aspirin (ASA) and/or clopidogrel was measured using the Platelet Mapping Assay (PMA) performed preoperatively, 1h and 24h after surgery. Results: A total of 201 pts were recruited. The incidence of MACE was 21%. Additionally, 11 pts (5%) had isolated troponin elevation. The location of the MI occurred frequently in the area of the stent placement (71%). Pts. exposed to ASA with 5 days of surgery had better platelet inhibition than pts no exposed. There was no difference in platelet inhibition between pts suffering from MI and those who did not. Several factors were associated with increased MACE. These included higher Revised Cardiac Risk Index and pre- and post-operative anemia. 30 patients (15%) suffered from major bleeding complications. Conclusions: Results of this study indicated that use of ASA, or its withdrawal, was not associated with MACE in post PCI patients undergoing NCS.
Improving cancer outcomes through radiotherapy
Authors: N G Burnet
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The British government has recently stated its aim of reducing deaths from cancer by a fifth over the next decade, with contributions from prevention, early diagnosis, and better treatments. British cancer cure rates are poorer than those of continental Europe and North America,1 and under—resourcing of radiotherapy services contributes to this.2 The government target could be accomplished by providing adequate radiotherapy facilities to deliver proved clinical treatments.

After surgery, radiotherapy is the most effective curative treatment for cancer. Between 30% and 40% of the population will develop cancer, and at least half require radiotherapy at some time in their illness. Of patients having radiotherapy about 60% are treated with curative intent, often in combination with surgery and chemotherapy. Improving the effectiveness of radiotherapy would thus have a substantial impact on cancer cures in the United Kingdom.

Provision of adequate radiotherapy facilities would improve the outcome of cancer treatment through three main mechanisms. The first is reduction of the waiting …
Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Antitumor Therapy
Authors: M S Bhutani
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

This paper will review the possibilities of EUS guided anti-tumor therapy. Ablative energy may be delivered to a tumor under EUS guidance to destruct tumor cells by ultrasound itself, radiofrequency or radiation. Pilot results of endoscopic high intensity focused ultrasound in a human trial have been reported. The feasibility of performing EUS guided radiofrequency ablation has been reported in a swine model. An EUS bases radiation target simulation method has been developed for anal cancer therapy. Targeted delivery of an anti-cancer agent into a tumor under EUS guidance is possible as reported in an early clinical trial of local immunotherapy (Cytoimplant) or modified viruses delivered by EUS guided fine needle injection in patients with advanced pancreatic carcinoma. Image guided injection of alcohol is another approach used for local tumor ablation. Application of other ablation therapies such as laser, microwave and cryo is also conceptually feasible. We will have to wait and see where these initial and ongoing attempts for applying EUS against cancer take us.
Abstract 11919: AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Response to Metabolic Stress: A Novel Determinant of Atrial Fibrillation Progression
Authors: Masahide Harada, Xiao- Y Qi, Artak Tadevosyan, Niels Voigt, Matthias Karck, Markus Kamler, Itsuo Kodama, Toyoaki Murohara, Dobromir Dobrev, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Metabolic stress is observed in clinical and experimental atrial fibrillation (AF). Metabolic stress activates AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) via phosphorylation; activated AMPK produces compensatory changes in the determinants of energy balance. Here, we examined AMPK responses in AF and their role in remodeling responses of atrial Ca 2+ handling and contractility. Methods: AMPK and Cav1.2 protein were quantified by immunoblot. Ca 2+ transients (CaTs, Indo1 AM), cell shortening (CS, videometry), L-type Ca 2+ ( I Ca,L ) and NCX ( I NCX ) current (patch clamp) were measured in dog left atrial (LA) cardiomyocytes (CMs) under metabolic stress due to glycolysis inhibition (GI, 10 mM 2-deoxyglucose/10 mM pyruvate). Results: In dogs with 1-wk electrically-maintained AF (n=4), the phosphorylation ratio (PhR) of AMPK (indicating activation) increased in LA by 101%* (*p&lt;0.05) vs. controls (n=4). Metabolic stress due to GI in 2 Hz paced LA CMs increased AMPK PhR by 103%* vs. quiescent CMs. In 2 Hz paced cells, the AMPK inhibitor CompC (10 μM) decreased LA CaT and CS by 58%* and 51%* vs. control, but the AMPK activator AICAR (1 mM) restored CaT and CS by 75%* and 53%* vs. CompC alone, supporting AMPK-dependent regulation. CompC decreased I Ca,L and I Ca,L -triggered CaT by 46%* and 37%*. AMPKα protein coimmunoprecipitated with Ca v 1.2 protein, suggesting that AMPK is physically coupled with the I Ca,L channel α-subunit. CompC also decreased SR Ca 2+ content by 53%* vs. control ( I NCX simultaneously measured with caffeine-induced CaT). AMPK PhR was greater by 61%* in paroxysmal AF (pAF, n=7) patient atria vs. sinus rhythm controls (n=10), whereas AMPK PhR was decreased in chronic AF (cAF) patients (n=9) by 27%*, suggesting that the level of AMPK activation may govern the chronicization of AF. Conclusions: AF activates AMPK. Under AF-induced metabolic stress, AMPK activation limits AF-promoting abnormalities in LA I Ca,L , Ca 2+ handling and contractility. pAF patients have AMPK activation, protecting them against chronicization, whereas cAF patients have reduced AMPK activation. Thus, the response of AMPK to AF-related metabolic stress might be a crucial determinant of AF chronicization, and AMPK-manipulation may be a novel target to prevent AF progression.
Gemcitabine/Antifol combinations in human tumor primary cultures: Potential role in gynecologic malignancies
Authors: Steven Evans, Cheryl Brewer, Yong-Zhuang Su, Christopher Yeung, Craig Chow, Dorothy Horlick, Cheryl Kollin, Robert Nagourney
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

4445  Objectives: Like most cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2 appear to be dominant genes with incomplete penetrance. Women with BRCA1 mutations have a 54% lifetime risk of developing ovarian cancer and BRCA2 mutation carriers have a 23% risk. The mechanism of BRCA1 second allele inactivation in a cohort of Jewish ovarian cancer patients with germline mutations. Methods: A cohort of 34 ovarian cancer patients with germline BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations was previously identified. Tumor DNA was isolated from microdissected archival paraffin-embedded specimen. Archival specimens on 30 patients with germline mutations in either BRCA1 (n=21) or BRCA2 (n=9) were available for microdissection and DNA isolation. The presence of intact DNA was confirmed by ?-actin and GAPDH PCR. BRCA1 promoter methylation was screened by methylation specific PCR and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was determined by PCR amplification using 3 fluorescent-labeled intragenic dinucleotide-repeat markers. Results: Second allele inactivation by promoter methylation was not observed in any BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers. 17 of 21 BRCA1 carriers were informative (heterozygous) for one or more BRC1 LOH markers. 16/17 (94%) informative BRCA1 carriers displayed BRCA1 LOH. 9/9 BRCA2 mutation carriers were informative at one or more BRCA1 markers. BRCA1 LOH was detected in 9/9 (100%) BRCA2 mutation carriers. Conclusions: These data indicate that LOH rather than promoter methylation is typically the mechanism responsible for BRCA1 second allele inactivation in Jewish epithelial ovarian cancer patients with inherited mutations. Furthermore, 100% incidence of BRCA1 LOH in BRCA2 mutation carriers implies that BRCA1 expression is frequently reduced or absent in BRCA2-associated ovarian cancers. These data suggest that BRCA1 LOH may be important in BRCA2-associated carcinogenesis or may be a consequence of impaired DNA break-repair and represent genome-wide allelic instability.
Exposure to furry pets and the risk of asthma and allergic rhinitis: a meta‐analysis
Authors: B. Takkouche, F.‐J. González‐Barcala, M. Etminan, M. FitzGerald
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Exposure to pets has been implicated as a risk factor for asthma. However, this relation has been difficult to assess in individual studies because of the large potential of selection bias. We sought to examine the association between exposure to furry pets and asthma and allergic rhinitis by means of a meta-analysis.We retrieved studies published in any language by searching systematically Medline (1966-March 2007), Embase, LILACS and ISI Proceedings computerized databases, and by examining manually the references of the original articles and reviews retrieved. We included cohort and case-control studies reporting relative risk estimates and confidence intervals of exposure to cats, dogs and unspecified furry animals and subsequent asthma and allergic rhinitis. We excluded cross-sectional studies and those studies that did not measure exposure but rather sensitization to pets.Thirty-two studies were included. For asthma, the pooled relative risk related to dog exposure was 1.14 (95% CI 1.01-1.29), that related to exposure to any furry pet was 1.39 (95% CI 1.00-1.95). Among cohort studies, exposure to cats yielded a relative risk of 0.72 (95% CI 0.55-0.93). For rhinitis, the pooled relative risk of exposure to any furry pet was 0.79 (95% CI 0.68-0.93).Exposure to cats exerts a slight preventive effect on asthma, an effect that is more pronounced in cohort studies. On the contrary, exposure to dogs increases slightly the risk of asthma. Exposure to furry pets of undermined type is not conclusive. More studies with exact measurement of exposure are needed to elucidate the role of pet exposures in atopic diseases.
Doctors will meet PM's challenges, Dr Bogle declares BMA warns of stress suffered by senior doctors One million doctors appeal for action on tobacco
Authors: Linda Beecham
Journal: BMJ (2000)

# Doctors will meet PM's challenges, Dr Bogle declares {#article-title-2}

Doctors are more than willing to meet the challenges to deliver change in return for extra investment in the health service, Dr Ian Bogle told the BMA's annual representative meeting this week.

The chairman of the BMA council said that the profession had fought long and hard for the chance to influence the future shape of the health service. It had put forward detailed proposals for spending priorities and service improvements and was eagerly awaiting the national plan for the NHS promised for July.

Dr Bogle said that he believed that the ferocious attack he had launched last year on behalf of colleagues, who were “battered by constant bureaucratic upheaval, beleaguered by underfunding and understaffing, and bewildered by the channelling of scarce NHS resources into populist initiatives and gimmicks,” had achieved results. Ministers had taken notice, more money had been invested in the NHS, and the BMA was now included in the policy making process.

In every opinion poll the medical profession came out as the most trusted and respected, the chairman said. The public knew that doctors cared about patients and about the NHS …