tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Giant Cellulitis-like Sweet Syndrome With Dapsone
Authors: Hideki Koketsu, Carlos Ricotti, Francisco A. Kerdel
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

the lesions.He had a history of brain infarction and had leftsided hemiplegia and hypoesthesia.No other significant cutaneous or systemic diseases were reported by the patient.On examination, 2 branching asymptomatic firm fleshcolored small rodlike nodules were seen arising beneath the proximal nail fold (Figure 1A).Keratotic materials were observed at the tip of the nodule.Both nodules seemed to be fused on the proximal nail fold.The nail plate under the lesion had a shallow and concave surface.The lesion was completely excised under the proximal nail fold.Two small rodlike nodules were fused at the proximal end, and a third 2-mm small nodule, which branched off the other nodules, was found under the nail fold (Figure 1B [arrowhead]).
Detection of Unsuspected Metastasis in a Melanoma Patient With Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: ESTHER E. ARGENYI, A SEMIH DOGAN, LUIS F. URDANETA, LAURA L. BOLES PONTO, RICHARD D. HICHWA, G LEONARD WATKINS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 41-year-old obese woman had a nodular melanoma removed from the right calf 14 years ago. At the time of the diagnosis, she also underwent right inguinal lymph node dissection with no evidence of metastatic tumor. She presented with a new 2 cm mass just above the excision site on the calf wound. Fine needle aspiration was consistent with recurrent melanoma. Chest x-ray results were negative, and the patient had no clinical evidence of metastatic disease. Whole body PET images were obtained approximately 1 hour after injection of 10 mCi of F-18 FDG.
SPONTANEOUS TONSILLAR HEMOBRHAGE.
Authors: LEWIS S. SOMERS
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Spontaneous hemorrhage from the tonsillar region independent of traumatism or surgical measures, but as the result of destructive inflammation from a tonsillar or peritonsillar abscess, occurs but infrequently and in the majority of recorded cases the bleeding has resulted fatally. The following case is therefore recorded inasmuch as it presents several features of importance, namely, its successful issue without operative interference; the age of the patient and the harmful results following too conservative treatment of pus collections in or about the tonsils. Mrs. A., aged 71 years, of excellent surroundings, had been ill for one week with a peritonsillar abscess of the left side. <h3>History.</h3> —She had never had any trouble with her upper respiratory tract so far as she could remember, this being her first attack of tonsillitis. Her family physician attended her and the treatment consisted of strychnia, nutritive enemata and gargling with an alkaline solution.
Unprotected Left Main Stenting in the Real World
Authors: Beatriz Vaquerizo, Thierry Lefèvre, Olivier Darremont, Marc Silvestri, Yves Louvard, Jean Louis Leymarie, Philippe Garot, Helen Routledge, Federico de Marco, Thierry Unterseeh, Marcel Zwahlen, Marie-Claude Morice
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Cardiac surgery is the reference treatment for patients with left main (LM) disease, although percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents is emerging as a possible alternative. The objective of this registry was to evaluate the 2-year outcome of elective percutaneous coronary intervention for unprotected LM disease with paclitaxel-eluting stents.A total of 291 patients were prospectively included from 4 centers. Acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock were the only exclusion criteria. Patients were 69+/-11 years old, 29% were diabetic, and 25% had 3-vessel disease. For distal LM lesions (78%), the provisional side-branch T-stenting approach was used in 92% of cases and final kissing balloon inflation in 97%. Angiographic success was obtained in 99.7% of cases. At 2-year follow-up, the total cardiac death rate was 5.4% (1 EuroSCORE point was associated with a 15% [95% confidence interval 2.9% to 28.2%, P=0.013] higher risk of cardiac death), target-lesion revascularization was 8.7%, and incidence of Q-wave or non-Q-wave myocardial infarction was 0.9% and 3.1%, respectively. The combined end point occurred in 15.8% of cases and stroke in 0.7%. The incidence of definite and probable LM stent thrombosis was 0.7%, whereas the incidence of any stent thrombosis was 3.8%, with a higher risk in patients with side-branch stenting in the presence of LM bifurcation lesions (hazard ratio 9.6, 95% confidence interval 1.2 to 77.7, P=0.035).Unprotected LM stenting with paclitaxel-eluting stents, with a strategy of provisional side-branch T-stenting for distal lesions, provides excellent acute angiographic results and good mid-term clinical outcomes, with a 15.8% rate of major adverse cardiac events at 2-year follow-up.
AORTIC SURGERY IS ONE OF THE RISK FACTORS FOR ENHANCEMENT OF PRESSURE WAVE REFLECTION IN ADULT PATIENTS WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
Authors: Tomoaki Murakami, Shoji Fukuoka, Kazuhiro Shiraga, Yuko Saito, Koji Higashi, Shigeru Tateno, Yasutaka Kawasoe, Hiromichi Nakajima, Hiroyuki Aotsuka, Koichiro Niwa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Doctors With Gilt Complex Calculate Golden Means
Authors: P. M. Jost, D. R. Hinthorn, N. E. Klutman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Reflecting on the price of several newer antimicrobial agents in our sample cabinet, a jest was made that the place looked like Fort Knox. As we made actual comparisons, we found that several drugs were at least as precious as gold. We obtained current selling prices from four pharmacies in the Greater Kansas City (Kansas) area for 12 antimicrobial agents. The mean price per tablet and per ounce were calculated (Table). We calculated the number of days of therapy needed to equal the price of an ounce of gold. The mean price was compared with the price of gold ($370.65 per ounce on August 2, 1990). Ratios of the price per ounce of each medication to the price per ounce of gold were calculated. These results show that several common oral antimicrobial agents are, on the basis of weight, more precious than gold.
ANTI-STREPTOCOCCUS SERUM.
Authors: C. P. THOMAS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

During the last four months we have used this new remedy eight times, and notwithstanding that the cases treated were of very severe nature, the results have been so universally good that I feel it a duty I owe to the profession to report them. I will be unable to give a correct clinical report of the cases, for no notes were kept, but they are sufficiently recent I hope to make them plain to you from the mental picture which I still have. Mrs. A. was being treated by Dr. Button for acute cellulitis of the arm following an infection of a slight wound on the finger. She came to him after having been treated indifferently for two weeks, with a much swollen arm considerably distended with pus. Her temperature at this time was not very high. Under strict asepsis, free incisions were made into the arm, much pus
P186Sphingomyelinase induces nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide dependent vasorelaxation in db/db mice
Authors: L Kiss, ZS Straky, D Korda, A Parkanyi, E Ruisanchez, Z Benyo
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: It was shown earlier by our group and others that sphingomyelinase (SMase) induces changes of vascular tone with an initial contraction and subsequent relaxation in aortic rings of wild type mice. Sphingolipids are essential components of cell membranes and sphingolipid metabolites have been implicated as important regulators in diabetes. Thus, we aimed to investigate the vascular effects of SMase in a mouse model of diabetes and to elucidate the involved potential mediators and signal transduction pathways.
BACTERIOLOGY OF THE HUMAN LIVER
Authors: Victor M. Sborov, W. Clinton Morse, Burton Giges, Edward J. Jahnke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1952)

46 Case 47 Case 48 Case 49 Case 50 Case 51 Case 52 Case 53 Case 54 Case 55 Case 56 Case 57 Case 57 Case 58 Case 58 Case 59 Case 59 Case 60 Case 60 Case 61 Case 61 Case 62 Case 62 Case 63 Case 63 Case 64 Case 65 Case 65 Case 66 Case 66
The gene for the peripheral myelin protein PMP–22 is a candidate for Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A
Authors: Patel Pi, Roa Bb, Welcher Aa, Schoener-Scott R, Trask Bj, Pentao L, Snipes Gj, Garcia Ca, Francke U, Shooter Em, Lupski, Suter U
Journal: Nature Genetics (1992)
Molecular cytogenetic analysis of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas: identification of common genetic alterations in Sezary syndrome and mycosis fungoides
Authors: X. Mao, D Lillington, J.J. Scarisbrick, T. Mitchell, B. Czepulkowski, R. Russell-Jones, B. Young, S.J. Whittaker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Data on genome-wide surveys for chromosome aberrations in primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) are limited.To investigate genetic aberrations in CTCL.We analysed 18 cases of Sézary syndrome (SS) and 16 cases of mycosis fungoides (MF) by comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) analysis, and correlated findings with the results of additional conventional cytogenetics, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and allelotyping studies.CGH analysis showed chromosome imbalances (CIs) in 19 of 34 CTCL cases (56%). The mean +/- SD number of CIs per sample was 1.8 +/- 2.4, with losses (1.2 +/- 2.0) slightly more frequent than gains (0.6 +/- 1.0). The most frequent losses involved chromosomes 1p (38%), 17p (21%), 10q/10 (15%) and 19 (15%), with minimal regions of deletion at 1p31p36 and 10q26. The commonly detected chromosomal gains involved 4/4q (18%), 18 (15%) and 17q/17 (12%). Both SS and late stages of MF showed a similar pattern of CIs, but no chromosomal changes were found in three patients with T1 stage MF. Of the 18 SS cases also analysed by cytogenetics, seven showed clonal chromosome abnormalities (39%). Five cases had structural aberrations affecting chromosomes 10 and 17, four demonstrated rearrangement of 1p and three revealed an abnormality of either 6q or 14q consistent with CGH findings. FISH analysis showed chromosome 1p and 17q rearrangements in five of 15 SS cases, and chromosome 10 abnormalities in four SS cases consistent with both the G-banded karyotype and the CGH results. In addition, allelotyping analysis of 33 MF patients using chromosome 1 markers suggested minimal regions of deletion at D1S228 (1p36), D1S2766 (1p22) and D1S397 (1q25).These findings provide a comprehensive assessment of genetic abnormalities in CTCL and a rational approach for further studies.
Sensitivity to UV radiation of fibroblasts from a Japanese group A xeroderma pigmentosum patient with mild neurological abnormalities
Authors: K. SATO, M. WATATANI, M. IKENAGA, T. KOZUKA, Y. KITANO, K. YOSHIKAWA, T. MIMAKI, J. ABE, T. SUGITA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

A 12-year-old girl, suffering from xeroderma pigmentosum (XP), had mild cutaneous and neurological abnormalities. She showed no neurological abnormalities at the age of seven, but areflexia of the patellar tendons at 11. She had no malignant tumours. The skin fibroblasts from the patient were about twice as sensitive to the lethal effects of 254 nm ultraviolet (UV) radiation as those of Group C XP patients, and about twice as resistant as those of typical Group A XP patients. The ability of these fibroblasts to reactivate UV-damaged adenovirus 5 was intermediate between those of Group C and typical Group A patients. The patient's cells were assigned to genetic complementation Group A by use of the cell-fusion technique. This is the first case in Japan of a Group A XP patient with mild neurological abnormalities. The mild cutaneous manifestations of this patient may be explained by the residual ability of the cells to repair UV-damaged DNA.
Reply from Authors re: Stephan Madersbacher. After Three Randomised Controlled Trials Comparing 120-W High-Performance-System Potassium-Titanyl-Phosphate Laser Vaporisation to Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP), Is This Procedure Finally First-Line, Outdated, or Still Not Surpassing TURP? Eur Urol 2012;61:1174–6
Authors: Jean-Nicolas Cornu, Eric Vicaut, Mounir Aout, Bertrand Lukacs
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Randomized Clinical Trials in Single Patients During a 2-Year Period
Authors: Eric B. Larson, Allan J. Ellsworth, Janet Oas
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To describe the feasibility of a single patient trial (SPT) service and study the influence of formal SPTs on therapeutic precision. <h3>Design.</h3> —Descriptive and evaluative study of SPTs. All planned trials were double-blind, randomized, multiple crossover trials. Other key features of individual trials were random assignment of order and assessment of predetermined explicit outcomes. Patients and physicians rated level of confidence in treatment before and after the SPT on visual analog scales. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Two-year experience (September 1988 to September 1990) of an SPT trial referral service available to physicians in an academic medical center. <h3>Outcome Measures.</h3> —The number of planned and completed SPTs; proportion of completed trials yielding definitive answers; patient- and physician-rated levels of confidence in treatment pre- and post-SPT; time-motion studies to estimate resource consumption (costs) for selected SPTs. <h3>Results.</h3> —Of 34 completed trials, 17 were judged to give definitive results whereas 17 showed trends only. Results favored active treatment in 16 trials that led to treatment being continued (nine patients) or started (seven patients). Treatment was discontinued (seven patients) or not started (11 patients) based on 18 trial results that demonstrated active treatment was ineffective (seven), harmful (two), or apparently equivalent (nine). Most patients (65%) reported no change in their already high level of confidence in therapy as a result of trials, whereas physicians' confidence levels in therapy either increased or decreased post-SPT depending on the direction of trial results. Patients consistently rated the SPT service as extremely useful. Time-motion estimates indicate that 16.75 staff hours were spent per trial leading to a direct cost estimate of approximately $450 to $500 per trial. <h3>Conclusion.</h3> —We conclude that an SPT service is feasible, trial costs compare favorably with other conventional services, and clinicians appear to gain confidence and precision from SPTs. When patients or clinicians are uncertain about the value (including the possibility of side effects) of treatment for symptomatic chronic diseases, we believe an SPT can be offered to a patient and will likely yield results that will effect subsequent treatment. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:2708-2712)
Inhibition of endotoxin‐induced perinatal asthma protection by pollutants in an experimental mouse model
Authors: M. Reiprich, S. Rudzok, N. Schütze, J. C. Simon, I. Lehmann, S. Trump, T. Polte
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background One of the most promising strategies to face the increasing asthma prevalence and to prevent disease development might be an early contact with microbial compounds. However, little is known about an interaction between an early‐life contact to microbial compounds leading to asthma protection in the offspring and a co‐exposure to allergy‐promoting pollutants. Methods Pregnant BALB /c mice were repeatedly exposed to aerosolized endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS ). The offspring was further exposed to aerosolized LPS before allergen sensitization with ovalbumin ( OVA ). Some of the mice were co‐exposed to mycotoxins or diesel exhaust particles ( DEP ) during pregnancy. The 6‐week‐old offspring was immunized with OVA and analyzed in a murine asthma model. Results While the offspring of naïve mothers developed an asthma‐like phenotype, the offspring of mice perinatally exposed to LPS was significantly protected. Co‐exposure of mice to mycotoxins or DEP during pregnancy inhibited the LPS ‐induced protection leading to the development of eosinophilic airway inflammation, airway hyperactivity, and increased antigen‐specific IgE levels in the offspring. Furthermore, the asthma‐preventive effect of perinatal LPS exposure was IFN ‐gamma dependent. Additionally, the IFN ‐gamma promoter of CD 4 + T cells in the LPS ‐exposed offspring revealed a significant protection against loss of histone 4 acetylation, which was abolished after prenatal co‐exposure to pollutants. Prenatal treatment of mice with the antioxidant N‐acetylcysteine reversed the pollutant‐induced increased asthma risk in the offspring. Conclusion Our results show that exposure to pollutants during pregnancy may cause the development of allergic asthma in the offspring by inhibiting the endotoxin‐induced perinatal asthma protection.
Bioactivity of glomerular ultrafiltrate during heavy proteinuria may contribute to renal tubulo-interstitial lesions: evidence for a role for insulin-like growth factor I.
Authors: R Hirschberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Clinical and experimental data have indicated that heavy proteinuria in renal glomerular diseases is associated with the formation of tubulo-interstitial fibrosis and contributes to the progression of renal failure. Albumin in glomerular ultrafiltrate does not appear to cause this sequelae, rather than compounds that are associated with ultrafiltered plasma proteins. One such protein-bound factor could be insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). The present studies show that in nephrotic rats, IGF-I is ultrafiltered in conjunction with IGF-binding protein-2 and is present in proximal tubular fluid at 1.35 nM. Proximal tubular fluid from nephrotic rats autophosphorylates IGF-I receptors in cultured proximal tubular cells. Nephrotic, but not control, rat proximal tubular fluid increases the [3H]thymidine incorporation in cultured tubular cells, and neutralizing IGF-I-receptor antibodies partially inhibit this activity. Incubation of cultured proximal tubular cells with an extract that was prepared from nephrotic rat urine increases the secretion of collagen types I and IV. Secretion of the two collagens is in part ameliorated by neutralizing IGF-I-receptor antibody. In concert, these findings suggest that the IGF-I present in nephrotic rat tubular fluid is bioactive and may contribute to the development of tubulo-interstitial fibrosis in chronic nephrotic glomerular diseases.
A Reappraisal of Mouth-to-Mouth Ventilation During Bystander-Initiated Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Lance B. Becker, Robert A. Berg, Paul E. Pepe, Ahamed H. Idris, Thomas P. Aufderheide, Thomas A. Barnes, None EdD, Samuel J. Stratton, Nisha C. Chandra
Journal: Circulation (1997)
Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in paediatric pneumonia
Authors: F. Cardinale, M. Chironna, R. Dumke, A. Binetti, C. Daleno, A. Sallustio, A. Valzano, S. Esposito
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae in paediatric pneumoniaTo the Editors:Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most common causes of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in paediatrics, and can lead to severe and long-lasting disease [1].Macrolides are usually considered the first-choice antimicrobials for M. pneumoniae CAP in children because the alternatives (i.e.fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines) are not approved for use in the first years of life [2].Recent studies from Japan and China have shown macrolide resistance in up to 80% of M. pneumoniae strains [3,4], but it has been detected in relatively few cases in the USA, France and Germany, and not at all in other European countries [5][6][7].The mechanism of M. pneumoniae macrolide resistance is related to point mutations in domain V of the 23S rRNA gene of M. pneumoniae and macrolide resistance is usually detected at disease onset [4].We here describe the first case of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae detected during treatment with clarithromycin in an otherwise healthy child with CAP.An otherwise healthy 6-yr-old girl with an unremarkable medical history who had never travelled abroad was admitted in Bari, Italy, after suffering from a dry cough for 3 days with fever up to 40.5uC, accompanied by increasing malaise and dyspnoea.Upon admission, she was severely ill, with a high temperature, lethargy, an increased respiratory rate (60 breaths?min -1 ), tachycardia and normal blood pressure.Room air oximetry revealed 85% oxygen saturation, whereas arterial gas sampling showed severe hypoxaemia (50 mmHg) with hypocapnia and a normal pH.Other routine blood examinations revealed neutrophilia with increased C-reactive protein levels and a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate.A physical examination revealed diffuse crackles with reduced vesicular sounds on both lungs, and chest radiography showed an interstitial pattern with multiple ''ground-glass'' infiltrates.Blood, nasopharyngeal swab and sputum samples were immediately obtained for serology, real-time PCR, and respiratory virus and bacterial cultures.High-flow oxygen (8 L?min -1 ) was necessary to maintain saturation above 90%, and the girl also received nebulised albuterol, intravenous antibiotics (ampicillin/sulbactam 150 mg?kg -1 ?day -1 i.v. in three doses and clarithromycin 7.5 mg?kg -1 ?day -1 i.v. in two doses) and cristalloids.Table 1 shows the clinical and laboratory findings upon admission and during the course of hospitalisation.The results of microbiological tests of the samples obtained at admission (available over the following 3 days) were negative for respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, human metapneumovirus,
On Fear, Distrust, and Ebola
Authors: Joshua M. Sharfstein
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Confidentiality issues will also need to be addressed when information is gathered on surgeons' skills.For example, should details recorded during surgical procedures be made public and admissible in court when something goes wrong?"As a surgeon, the information could protect you, but it could also implicate you, and it's unclear how much of that information should be exposed," said Lee.Aggarwal also points to another concern, which relates to the dangers of focusing only on a surgeon's technical skills to assesscompetency."Surgeryismuchmorethanfixing things.Surgeons have to interact with patients and a team of clinicians to make shared decisions about situations that may have a number of options," he said."We have
Tumor necrosis factor in mediating experimental Haemophilus influenzae type B meningitis.
Authors: M M Mustafa, O Ramilo, K D Olsen, P S Franklin, E J Hansen, B Beutler, G H McCracken
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) could possibly be instrumental in mediating injury to the CNS during bacterial meningitis. In CSF of rabbits with meningitis induced with Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) lipooligosaccharide (LOS), TNF activity was first detected 45 min after intracisternal (IC) injection of 20 ng Hib LOS and white blood cells (WBC) first appeared 75 min later. The peak TNF activity (45 ng/ml) was observed at 120 min after IC and persisted for 5 h. When 1-2 X 10(7) CFU of Hib was used to induce meningitis, peak CSF TNF activity was comparable with that after 20 ng Hib LOS, but the activity persisted for 14 h. Dexamethasone (DXM) (1 mg/kg per i.v.) given 1 h before or simultaneously with IC Hib LOS reduced significantly TNF activity and meningeal inflammation. Goat anti-human TNF alpha antibodies given IC with 20 ng Hib LOS or 2 X 10(6) CFU of Hib resulted in a significant reduction in CSF TNF concentrations, which was also associated with reduced meningeal inflammation in Hib LOS-inoculated animals. We conclude that TNF participates in mediating meningeal inflammation associated with Hib experimental meningitis, and that DXM, when given before or with Hib LOS, inhibits CSF TNF production and modulates the meningeal inflammatory response.
Enhancer Sequence Variants and Transcription-Factor Deregulation Synergize to Construct Pathogenic Regulatory Circuits in B-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Olivia I Koues, Rodney A Kowalewski, Li-Wei Chang, Sarah C Pyfrom, Jennifer A Schmidt, Hong Luo, Luis E Sandoval, Tyler B Hughes, Jeffrey J Bednarski, Amanda F Cashen, Jacqueline E Payton, Eugene M Oltz
Journal: Immunity (2014)