tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Short duration treatment with terbinafine for tinea capitis caused by<i>Trichophyton</i>or<i>Microsporum</i>species
Authors: None HAMM, None SCHWINN, None BRÄUTIGAM, None WEIDINGER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Thirty-five patients with mycologically proven scalp infections were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind clinical trial with oral terbinafine (dose adjusted according to patient weight) for either 1 or 2 weeks. Patients were observed for 12 weeks; after 4 weeks, non-responders were offered an additional 4 weeks of treatment followed by a second observation period. The causative organisms were Microsporum canis (n = 12), Trichophyton tonsurans (n = 12) and other Trichophyton spp. (n = 11). The Trichophyton infections were treated effectively in five of nine (56%) patients treated for 1 week and 12 of 14 (86%) patients treated for 2 weeks. Three of the non-responders were treated for an additional 4 weeks, and one responded. In the Microsporum group only one of seven patients treated for 1 week and none of five treated for 2 weeks responded. However, treatment was effective in four of six (66%) patients treated for an additional 4 weeks. Mild to moderate adverse events believed to be drug related occurred in four patients in each of the two groups. Terbinafine is well tolerated, and requires 2 weeks of treatment in most patients with Trichophyton scalp infections and 4 weeks or more in Microsporum scalp infections, to achieve a successful clinical and mycological response.
How does endoscopic sclerotherapy alter splanchnic hemodynamics?
Authors: Jorge J. Gumucio, Paul Calés
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

Endoscopic sclerotherapy is widely employed for esophageal variceal hemorrhage. However it has side effects and can aggravate portal hypertension by suppression of portosystemic shunt. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the effect of variceal thrombosis on hepatic venous pressure gradient and azygos blood flow. Eight alcoholic cirrhotic patients with a first variceal hemorrhage were included. According to Child Pugh's classification, 4 patients were group A, 2 group B and 2 group C. At each session 40 to 60 ml of 1 p. 100 polidocanol were injected into the varices. A hemodynamic study was performed in each patient before and about 1 week after variceal obliteration (mean 3.3 procedures). Mean value of hepatic venous pressure gradient was 16.6 ± 5.5 mm Hg and 17.0 ± 3.8, respectively, before sclerotherapy and after eradication of varices; azygos blood flow 663 ± 506 ml/min before and 682 ± 522 after; cardiac output was 6.5 ± 0.7 ml/min before and 6.5 ± 0.8 after. None of these differences were significant. These results suggest that endoscopic sclerotherapy using polidocanol does not change hepatic venous pressure gradient and azygos blood flow, and does not lower blood flow through the gastroesophageal collaterals draining into the azygos vein. This is consistent with the hypothesis that thrombosis remains localized.
Evaluation of Laparoscopic Cholecystotomy in the Treatment of Gallbladder Stones
Authors: E. Frimberger, C. Zillinger, M. Classen
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

Laparoscopic cholecystotomy (LCT) was attempted in 34 patients with biliary type symptoms; 33 patients suffered from gallbladder stones and one patient from gallbladder polyps. In one patient the gallbladder was not accessible with the laparoscope due to extensive adhesions. In the other patients endoscopic removal of stones and polyps was possible in all cases. In the first five patients the gallbladder was drained with a Foley type catheter at the end of the procedure; in the other patients the incision of the gallbladder was closed primarily with clips and fibrin glue. At the beginning of the series two cases of complications were observed: balloon catheter deflation due to material defect and postoperative bleeding into the gallbladder; after conventional cholecystectomy the two patients made an uneventful recovery. LCT is a one-session procedure suitable for removal of symptomatic stones in well functioning gallbladders with no restrictions concerning the composition, number or size of the stones.
EVALUATION OF RIGHT VENTRICULOARTERIAL COUPLING IN PULMONARY HYPERTENSION: A MAGNETIC RESONANCE STUDY
Authors: Javier Sanz, Ana Garcia-Alvarez, Leticia Fernandez-Friera, Ajith Nair, Jesus G. Mirelis, Simonette Sawit, Sean Pinney, Valentin Fuster
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Low-dose radiation augments vasculogenesis signaling through HIF-1–dependent and –independent SDF-1 induction
Authors: Oren Z. Lerman, Matthew R. Greives, Sunil P. Singh, Vishal D. Thanik, Christopher C. Chang, Natalie Seiser, Daniel J. Brown, Denis Knobel, Robert J. Schneider, Silvia C. Formenti, Pierre B. Saadeh, Jamie P. Levine
Journal: Blood (2010)
Localization and Sequence of Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in the Carotid and Vertebral Arteries
Authors: LARS A. SOLBERG, DOUGLAS A. EGGEN
Journal: Circulation (1971)

The distribution of fatty streaks, fibrous plaques, complicated lesions, and calcified lesions were determined for each of five segments in the common carotid arteries, each of five segments of internal carotid arteries, and for each of seven segments of vertebral arteries in specimens from 961 autopsied cases in Oslo, Norway, and Guatemala. The pattern of distribution of the lesions along the length of the arteries is characteristic for the different arteries. This pattern seems to be independent of sex, age group, type of lesions, and geographic location. Fatty streaks and fibrous plaques have the same pattern of distribution within each artery at all ages. This close topographic association is consistent with the hypothesis that fibrous plaques are derived from fatty streaks. The early atherosclerotic lesions are located at the same sites where stenotic and occlusive lesions have been reported. Thus, it is likely that the early atherosclerotic lesions and the stenotic or occlusive lesions are pathogenetically closely associated with each other.
Effects of Budesonide and Formoterol on Eosinophil Activation Induced by Human Lung Fibroblasts
Authors: FOKJE M. SPOELSTRA, HENK F. KAUFFMAN, HESSEL HOVENGA, JACOBIEN A. NOORDHOEK, JAN G. R. de MONCHY, DIRKJE S. POSTMA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Budesonide and formoterol are extensively used in current asthma therapy. Budesonide is known as potent antiinflammatory agent and formoterol also appears to have some antiinflammatory properties. We investigated inhibitory effects of these drugs on eosinophil activation in vitro as induced by fibroblast-conditioned medium (FCM). We measured the modulation of expression of clonal designator (CD)11b and l-selectin with flow cytometry after 4 h or 16 h of culture of eosinophils when budesonide or formoterol was applied either directly to the eosinophils while they were stimulated with FCM (direct method) or when each drug was applied to lung fibroblasts from which conditioned medium was then administered to eosinophils (indirect method). In the direct method, budesonide (10− 8 M) inhibited the modulation of CD11b (44 [25th to 75th percentiles: 26 to 66]% of control) and l-selectin (30 [ − 13 to 48]% of control) only after 16 h, and not after 4 h. Formoterol did not directly inhibit the modulation of eosinophil CD11b and l-selectin expression. In the indirect method, both budesonide and formoterol inhibited lung fibroblast activation, resulting in diminished eosinophil activation after 4 h. Budesonide or formoterol at 10− 8 M inhibited upregulation of CD11b to 26 [15 to 40]% and 38 [23 to 46]%, respectively, and inhibited l-selectin shedding to 14 [ − 3 to 50]% and 27 [2 to 62]%, respectively, of control values. These results show that budesonide inhibits eosinophil activation primarily through effects on lung fibroblasts, presumably by inhibiting production of granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor. After longer incubation periods, budesonide also directly inhibits eosinophil activation. In contrast, formoterol can inhibit eosinophil activation only via inhibitory effects on lung fibroblasts. We did not observe an additional effect of formoterol, beyond the effects induced by budesonide under any circumstance studied. Lung fibroblasts, in addition to eosinophils, may serve as important target cells for antiinflammatory treatment in asthma.
The Physician and Organized Medicine
Authors: C. Rollins Hanlon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

Abstract There is heavy pressure on today's physician to expand his one-to-one relation of healer to patient by participation in the larger issues that confront organized medicine. These issues include the adequacy of manpower, delivery systems and financing for health care, which were sharply dislocated from the previous equilibrium in the decade after 1960 by vast federal research funds, third-party financing and extensive health legislation coupled with rising influence by consumers. Expansion of the physician's societal role in addition to professional self-regulation can enhance public respect for organized medicine, leading to public insistence on maintained independence for our profession. Desirable as the goal might be to provide the ultimate in medical care to every citizen, our available resources, personnel and material are inadequate for the task. New coalitions are forming between various segments of the power trilogy in health care, involving consumers, providers and government. These political coalitions demand inspired leadership in organized medicine.
Rationale and study design of the <scp>REM‐HF</scp> study: remote management of heart failure using implanted devices and formalized follow‐up procedures
Authors: John M. Morgan, Borislav D. Dimitrov, Jas Gill, Sue Kitt, G. Andre Ng, Janet M. McComb, James Raftery, Paul Roderick, Alison Seed, Simon G. Williams, Klaus K. Witte, D. Jay Wright, Guiqing Lily Yao, Martin R. Cowie
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Abstract 568: Biomarkers of phenethyl isothiocyanate-mediated mammary cancer prevention in MMTV-<i>neu</i> mouse model
Authors: Shivendra V. Singh, Su-Hyeong Kim, Anuradha Sehrawat, Julie A. Arlotti, Kozue Sakao, Joomin Lee, Kumar Chandra-Kuntal, Eun-Ryeong Hahm
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Biomarker(s) predictive of efficacy is necessary for clinical development of promising cancer chemopreventive agents because cancer incidence is too rigorous of an end point for malignancies with long latency such as breast cancer. The present study was undertaken to identify biomarker(s) associated with phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC)-mediated mammary cancer prevention in MMTV-neu transgenic mouse model. The PEITC is a promising cancer chemopreventive constituent of cruciferous vegetables (e.g., watercress). Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-mass spectrometry of tumor specimens from control and PEITC-fed mice (n= 3) revealed alterations in expression of several proteins, including hexokinase-1, isoform CRA_f (1.36-fold increase by PEITC administration), L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain isoform 1 (1.57-fold increase by PEITC administration), pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2 (1.33-fold decrease by PEITC administration), and mitochondrial ATP synthase, H+ transporting F1 complex beta subunit (1.38-fold decrease by PEITC administration). Interestingly, the PEITC-induced apoptotic cell death in cultured cancer cells is associated with inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation leading to production of reactive oxygen species. Down-regulation of mitochondrial ATP synthase protein in tumors of PEITC-fed mice was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Expression of mitochondrial ATP synthase was reduced by about 66% in the tumors from PEITC-fed mice in comparison with control (P= 0.05 by two-sided Student's t-test, n= 6-7). In addition, plasma level of transthyretin was significantly higher in the PEITC treatment group compared with control (P= 0.04 by two-sided Student's t-test, n= 5). In conclusion, the present study not only underscores the power of proteomics in cancer chemoprevention research but also suggests that mitochondrial ATP synthase, and possibly hexokinase-1, pyruvate kinase isozymes M1/M2, and/or L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain isoform 1, may be useful biomarkers to assess the biological activity of PEITC in future clinical trials. This study was supported in part by the US PHS grants CA101753 and CA129347, awarded by the National Cancer Institute. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 568. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-568
Rosacea, metronidazole and pregnancy
Authors: J.J. Guilhou, J. Meynadier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Journal Article Rosacea, metronidazole and pregnancy Get access J.J. Guilhou, J.J. Guilhou Clinique Dermatologique, Hopital Saint‐Charles, 34059 Montpellier Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Meynadier J. Meynadier Clinique Dermatologique, Hopital Saint‐Charles, 34059 Montpellier Cedex, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 103, Issue 5, 1 November 1980, Page 585, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1980.tb01677.x Published: 01 November 1980
Evaluating the Care of General Medicine Inpatients: How Good Is Implicit Review?
Authors: Rodney A. Hayward
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: Peer review often consists of implicit evaluations by physician reviewers of the quality and appropriateness of care. This study evaluated the ability of implicit review to measure reliably various aspects of care on a general medicine inpatient service. Design: Retrospective review of patients' charts, using structured implicit review, of a stratified random sample of consecutive admissions to a general medicine ward. Setting: A university teaching hospital. Patients: Twelve internists were trained in structured implicit review and reviewed 675 patient admissions (with 20% duplicate reviews for a total of 846 reviews). Results: Although inter-rater reliabilities for assessments of overall quality of care and preventable deaths (κ = 0.5) were adequate for aggregate comparisons (for example, comparing mean ratings on two hospital wards), they were inadequate for reliable evaluations of single patients using one or two reviewers. Reviewers' agreement about most focused quality problems (for example, timeliness of diagnostic evaluation and clinical readiness at time of discharge) and about the appropriateness of hospital ancillary resource use was poor (κ ≤ 0.2). For most focused implicit measures, bias due to specific reviewers who were systematically more harsh or lenient (particularly for evaluation of resource-use appropriateness) accounted for much of the variation in reviewers' assessments, but this was not a substantial problem for the measure of overall quality. Reviewers rarely reported being unable to evaluate the quality of care because of deficiencies in documentation in the patient's chart. Conclusion: For assessment of overall quality and preventable deaths of general medicine inpatients, implicit review by peers had moderate degrees of reliability, but for most other specific aspects of care, physician reviewers could not agree. Implicit review was particularly unreliable at evaluating the appropriateness of hospital resource use and the patient's readiness for discharge, two areas where this type of review is often used.
Lipoproteins and Atherogenesis
Authors: Daniel Steinberg
Journal: JAMA (1990)

TODAY there is no longer any doubt about the causative relationship between hypercholesterolemia and premature atherosclerosis. The National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference on Lowering Blood Cholesterol Levels<sup>1</sup>and the National Cholesterol Education Program that grew out of it<sup>2</sup>were the culmination of many years of experimental and clinical research, including, importantly, a number of positive intervention trials that brought to a close the so-called Cholesterol Controversy,<sup>3</sup>ie, the controversy as to the importance of hypercholesterolemia as a<i>causative</i>factor in coronary heart disease. Intensive lipid-lowering regimens have been shown not only to slow the progression of coronary atherosclerosis and reduce the risk of coronary events,<sup>4</sup>but even in some cases to lead to absolute regression.<sup>5</sup>Best medical practice now calls for appropriate treatment of hypercholesterolemia, and detailed guidelines for treating it are available.<sup>2,6</sup> If we are, then, committed in any case to such
The Criminally Dangerous Sex Offender
Authors: Harry L. Kozol, Murray I. Cohen, Ralph F. Garofalo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE ubiquity of sex in the mind of man is nowhere more apparent than in the variety of devices that have been contrived to limit its free expression. Communities vary in their tolerance of unconventional sex behavior, but all condemn any involvement with children and severely condemn the use of force in the consummation of an assault on a victim of any age. In recent years over half the states have enacted legislation specifically providing for varying degrees of psychiatric study and treatment of convicted sex offenders. The passage of these laws reflects an increasing lack of confidence in traditional . . .
Pop-music festivals: some medical aspects.
Authors: L K Levens, J E Durham
Journal: BMJ (1971)

In the past few years pop-music festivals on both sides of the Atlantic have rapidly increased in popularity?and length. Press and television have tended to emphasize various aspects of these assemblies, particularly the sexual licence and drug addiction, so that it was with some apprehension that?though we had agreed to staff a festival voluntarily, as we could not obtain fees?we approached our task on the Friday night. In the event, this festival was orderly and most of the medical problems were the run-of-the-mill sort which doctors meet every day in general practice or in a hospital casualty depart ment. Nevertheless, comparatively little has been written about the medical organization for this kind of meeting, and so we here describe our own experiences and make recom mendations arising from them.
Autosomal recessive colorectal adenomatous polyposis due to inherited mutations of MYH
Authors: Julian R Sampson, Sunil Dolwani, Sian Jones, Diana Eccles, Anthony Ellis, D Gareth Evans, Ian Frayling, Sheila Jordan, Eamonn R Maher, Tony Mak, Julie Maynard, Francesca Pigatto, Joan Shaw, Jeremy P Cheadle
Journal: The Lancet (2003)
Apolipoprotein B-100 Hopkins (Arginine4019 [unk] Tryptophan)
Authors: John A. A. Ladias
Journal: JAMA (1989)

A 43-year-old woman with severe coronary artery disease and hyperapobetalipoproteinemia was heterozygous for an abnormal Msp I apolipoprotein B (APOB) gene fragment because of the absence of the MspI site around codon 4046 in exon 29 of the APOB gene. Using the polymerase chain reaction technique, 134 base pairs containing the mutant Msp I site were amplified, cloned, and sequenced. The mutation was a C to T transition, substituting tryptophan for arginine at amino acid position 4019 of the mature ApoB-100 protein. Seven relatives of the proband had the same mutation, which has been called "ApoB-100 Hopkins." Only three of seven relatives with the mutation had hyperapobetalipoproteinemia; one was borderline while two other relatives without the mutation had hyperapobetalipoproteinemia. Mutant low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was bound and degraded to a greater extent than normal LDL in cultured human fibroblasts. In conclusion, a new mutation, ApoB-100 Hopkins, was not linked to the hyperapobetalipoproteinemia phenotype, which also was segregating in this family. The increased affinity of this mutant LDL for the LDL receptor may be due to a specific effect of ApoB-100 Hopkins or to altered LDL size and composition.
Antiallergic activity of topical lodoxamide on <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> models
Authors: G. Ciprandi, S. Buscaglia, A. Catrullo, F. Paolieri, A. M. Riccio, N. Fiorino, G. W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Lodoxamide is an antiallergic drug acting as a mast‐cell stabilizer, which is effective in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of lodoxamide eye‐drops on the inflammatory early‐phase reaction (EPR) changes induced by allergen‐specific conjunctival challenge (ASCC). This was a cross‐over, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized study, including 10 outpatients suffering from allergic rhinoconjunctivitis due to Parietaria judaica . Patients received one drop of lodoxamide tromethamine 0.1% or placebo 30 min before each ASCC. Clinical evaluation and cytologic assessment were done at baseline and 30 min after each ASCC. Lodoxamide induced a reduction in total symptom score and hyperemia during the EPR ( P &lt; 0.05). Lacrimation, itching/ burning, and eyelid swelling were only slightly (nonsignificantly) reduced. Lodoxamide induced a reduction in the total number of inflammatory cells and neutrophils during the EPR ( P &lt; 0.02). Eosinophil and lymphocyte number and ICAM‐1 expression showed only a slight, not statistically significant decrease. Placebo did not affect the studied parameters. Lodoxamide reduced early clinical events and cellular changes after ASCC consistently with its activity as mast‐cell stabilizer. Moreover, lodoxamide was able to downregulate in vitro ICAM‐1 expression on the continuously cultured, differentiated conjunctival cell line WK. This was shown both in basal conditions ( P &lt; 0.05) and upon interferon‐gamma stimulation ( P &lt; 0.03), although at high concentration.
Non-surgical treatment of osteoarthritis: a half century of "advances"
Authors: K D Brandt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

Drugs should be used as adjuncts to non-pharmacological measures I n the 1950s and early 60s Sir John Charnley succeeded in developing components for total hip arthroplasty and demonstrated the remarkable success that could be achieved with this procedure in patients with osteoarthritis (OA).Charnley's adaptation of polymethylmethacylate as a fixation interface between the metallic or plastic implant and the bone served as a major advance in the surgical treatment of severe OA. 1 2 Development of total knee arthroplasty followed.The materials and surgical techniques have improved steadily so that both of these procedures are associated with a high level of patient satisfaction.Most patients with OA of the hip or knee who undergo total joint arthroplasty experience clinically significant improvement in joint pain, function, and quality of life. 3 4 Recommendation of total joint arthroplasty for the patient with OA, however, is tantamount to an acknowledgement of the failure of medical management.The surgical procedure is often performed after the patient has experienced years, or even decades, of pain and disability.Among all the pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions promoted for treatment of OA in the half century since Charnley directed his attention to replacement of the arthritic hip, none approximates the effectiveness of arthroplasty.The 1963 edition of the Cecil-Loeb textbook of medicine, 5 in discussing the treatment of OA, noted: ''Analgesics, particularly salicylates, are useful in controlling the symptoms of osteoarthritis.Phenylbutazone is sometimes helpful when salicylates have failed, but the potential toxic reactions rarely justify its use in such a mild disorder.Systemic corticosteroid treatment is not recommended for osteoarthritis.Intraarticular injections of hydrocortisone acetate … may be helpful for joints which fail to respond to simpler measures.''