tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Controlled Trial of Propantheline in Bed-wetting
Authors: R. M. Mayon-White
Journal: BMJ (1956)

ResultsThe results ot this test were assessed by taking the total number of wet beds in the two groups in the two weeks before treatment (period 1), in the two weeks during which the tablets were given (period 2).and in the four weeks after treatment was stopped (period 3).These figures are shown in Table II.TABLE II.-ResIults of Test Group A (Propantheline) Group B (Placebo) Dry Wet Ratio Drv Wet Ratio
Human Thyroxine-Binding Globulin Deficiency
Authors: James S. Marshall, Richard P. Levy, Arthur G. Steinberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

THE existence of decreased or absent thyroxine-binding globulin in the serums of certain asymptomatic subjects has been recognized since 1959, when the first case was described by Tanaka and Starr.1 In addition to a low serum protein-bound iodine concentration, serums from persons affected demonstrate a decrease or absence of thyroxine-binding globulin on paper electrophoresis, a normal binding capacity for thyroxine by thyroxine-binding prealbumin and an increase in the in vitro resin uptake of radioactive tri-iodothyronine. The disorder presents no clinical symptoms and causes no discernible ill-effects. The low concentration of protein-bound iodine is accompanied by an accelerated turnover of thyroxine, . . .
Morbidity and Mortality After Ambulatory Surgery-Reply
Authors: Mark A. Warner, Sondra E. Shields, Christopher G. Chute
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —We thank Dr Feldman and colleagues for their close scrutiny of our article but note that they object to our finding that ambulatory surgical patients are generally healthier than the general population. Although they present data from their large tertiary referral institution that the ASA PS classification of their ambulatory surgical patients rose slightly during a 4-year period, their data do not address any relationship between this minor rise and the health status of a finite population. At the Mayo Clinic, also a large tertiary referral institution, the ASA PS data during the 1987 through 1990 period for our total ambulatory surgical population was similar to that of the institution of Feldman and colleagues (unpublished data, Mayo anesthesiology database). In contrast, ambulatory surgical patients from a finite population, such as Olmsted County, Minnesota (the county in which the Mayo Clinic resides), were healthier than Mayo ambulatory surgical patients
Phenytoin, Leukopenia, and Remission of Eczema
Authors: DAVID E. FISHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1987Phenytoin, Leukopenia, and Remission of EczemaDAVID E. FISHER, M.D., Ph.D.DAVID E. FISHER, M.D., Ph.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-263_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor:A leukopenic drug allergy occurred in a patient with longstanding refractory eczema. There was subsequently a striking remission in the eczema disease activity.A 50-year-old white woman had fevers, arthralgias, myalgias, and a new maculopapular rash. She had more than a 3-year history of unremitting eczematous dermatitis over the extensor surfaces of all four extremities refractory to several topical therapies. She was begun on phenytoin, 300 mg/d, for severe migraine headaches for which more conventional therapies had failed, 7 days before admission. Five days later the patient noted onset of malaise, arthralgias, myalgias, worsened headaches, and fevers...References1. MORRISONSCHULZ JE. Treatment of eczema with cyclophosphamide and azathioprine. Br J Dermatol. 1978;98:203-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. BAADSGAARD O. Circulating and in-situ lymphocyte subsets and Langerhans cells in patients with compositae oleoresin dermatitis and increased ultraviolet A sensitivity during treatment with azathioprine. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1986;14:577-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BAADSGAARDOEISLERPLESNERTHESTRUP-PEDERSEN OCTK. Lymphocyte subsets in patients with compositae oleoresin dermatitis and increased UVA sensitivity during treatment with azathioprine. Arch Dermatol Res. 1985;277:304-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByChronic leukopenia associated with carbamazepine and other antiepileptic drugs 1 August 1987Volume 107, Issue 2Page: 263-264KeywordsAllergy and immunologyArthralgiaDrugsEczemaFeversMigraineMyalgiaRashes Issue Published: 1 August 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Reviews and Notes: History of Medicine: Moonlight, Magnolias, and Madness: Insanity in South Carolina from the Colonial Period to the Progressive Era
Authors: Barron H. Lerner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 November 1996Reviews and Notes: History of Medicine: Moonlight, Magnolias, and Madness: Insanity in South Carolina from the Colonial Period to the Progressive EraBarron H. Lerner, MDBarron H. Lerner, MDColumbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-9-199611010-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail P McCandless. 400 pages. Chapel Hill, NC: Univ of North Carolina Pr; 1996. ISBN 080782251-5. Order phone; telephone, 800-848-6224.“The asylum is up on the hill, but the lunatics are all over the State.” So remarked James Petigru, an antebellum Unionist, when he heard of South Carolina's plans to secede from the United States. Petigru was obviously referring to insanity in political terms, but he inadvertently made an important point about insanity as a psychiatric condition. In contrast to what one might deduce from standard histories of mental illness in the 19th century, much of the care of the insane ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10032. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 9Page: 784KeywordsHistory of medicineInpatientsPatientsRacial and ethnic issues ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Evidence of endothelial dysfunction in angiographically normal coronary arteries of patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: S W Werns, J A Walton, H H Hsia, E G Nabel, M L Sanz, B Pitt
Journal: Circulation (1989)

Acetylcholine causes endothelium-dependent dilation of normal arteries in most animal species. The effect of acetylcholine on normal human coronary arteries is controversial. Pathologic studies and epicardial echocardiography have shown that diffuse atherosclerosis is often present despite angiographic evidence of discrete coronary artery disease (CAD). Therefore, we postulated that acetylcholine would cause vasoconstriction of coronary arteries that are angiographically normal in patients with CAD. Coronary artery diameter, measured by automated quantification of digitized cineangiograms, was determined before and after the intracoronary infusion of 0.2 mM acetylcholine at 0.8-1.6 ml/min. The diameter of stenotic or irregular segments of six atherosclerotic coronary arteries decreased from 1.80 +/- 0.42 mm before acetylcholine to 1.26 +/- 0.46 mm after acetylcholine (p = 0.0025). Acetylcholine had a significantly different effect on the diameter of two groups of coronary arteries that are angiographically normal. Acetylcholine caused a 0.16 +/- 0.09-mm increase in the diameter of 14 normal coronary arteries in patients without CAD, whereas it caused a 0.26 +/- 0.12-mm decrease in the diameter of 14 normal coronary arteries in patients with CAD (p less than 0.01). Thus, the normal response to intracoronary acetylcholine is vasodilation, suggesting that endothelium-derived relaxing factor is released from normal human coronary endothelium. The vasoconstrictive effect of acetylcholine in the angiographically normal coronary arteries of patients with CAD suggests the presence of a diffuse abnormality of endothelial function.
THE TREATMENT OF PURULENT CONJUNCTIVITIS.
Authors: MYLES STANDISH
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The treatment of purulent conjunctivitis will always be of great interest to every practitioner in ophthalmology, and when the chairman of this Section asked me to read a paper on this subject I acceded, and the more willingly because the Massachusetts Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary has a separate building, isolated from the main structure, which is devoted exclusively to the treatment of contagious diseases of the eye. For five years all cases of purulent ophthalmia applying to the institution for treatment have been promptly admitted to this building. The result has been that there has been brought together in the records of this pavilion a large number of cases, and this paper is chiefly a study of these records, to ascertain if possible which methods of treatment have been the more successful. In looking over thirteen text-books published in the last twenty years, I find recommended the following measures
The Cope Needle
Authors: Constantin Cope
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Recent remarks inThe Journalby Kettel and Cugell (<b>200</b>:317, 1967) and Levine (<b>201</b>:492, 1967) concerning the "fragility" of the Cope Biopsy needle should be set in their proper perspective, since it might otherwise be erroneously concluded that this useful biopsy instrument is a dangerous weapon! Since devising this instrument in 1957, I have never personally bent or broken its tip. Much effort was spent to strengthen the neck of the hook, so that by 1963 samples supplied to me by the manufacturer appeared to be of adequate strength. By this I mean that it should be impossible to bend the hook backwards by exerting maximum thumb pressure on its tip; the hook should, moreover, never catch on to the cannula as it is passed over it. Should the instrument be proved defective by these simple tests, it should be replaced by the manufacturers. Since
US agency launches initiative on better prescribing for hypertension
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The US National Institutes of Health is launching a comprehensive programme to educate doctors on the management of hypertension, which is likely to result in the wider use of cheap diuretics.

The programme will disseminate the results of the antihypertensive and lipid lowering treatment to prevent heart attack trial (ALLHAT), which tested four classes of antihypertensive drugs and found that inexpensive diuretics are as effective as newer, dearer drugs.

The ALLHAT …
Conversion of mouse fibroblasts into cardiomyocyte-like cells using small molecule treatments
Authors: Gyuman Park, Byung Sun Yoon, Yoon Sik Kim, Seung-Cheol Choi, Jai-Hee Moon, Suhyun Kwon, Jihye Hwang, Wonjin Yun, Jong-Ho Kim, Chi-Yeon Park, Do-Sun Lim, Yang In Kim, Chil Hwan Oh, Seungkwon You
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Stress Incontinence Treated by Electrical Stimulation
Authors: T. Moore
Journal: BMJ (1967)

drugs they prescribe would tend to vitiate the " rapport existing between the doctor and patient " ?Expecting trust or rapport to be possible in the face of such callous indifference to the safety of patients and others seems utterly incomprehensible.Equally dangerous is the habit of some doctors of not offering information on whether small or large amounts of alcohol can alter the effectiveness of any drug and its safety.-I am, etc., London S.W. 1.
UK doctors increasingly likely to encounter tropical diseases, symposium told
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Fewer than one in five British travellers to malarial regions takes prophylactic drugs a London symposium heard last week. Peter Chiodini the director of the malaria reference laboratory, a division of the Health Protection Agency, which monitors imported cases of malaria, was speaking.

Speaking at the Royal Society of Medicine’s clinical update conference on tropical and travel medicine, he said that the single most important piece of advice a doctor could give to someone planning to travel to tropical destinations was to take appropriate precautions against malaria.

The latest figures from the agency show that more than 1500 UK travellers contracted malaria in 2007, and five of them died. Fewer than …
Role of Genes in Obesity and Body Fat Distribution
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
beta-Hydroxy fatty acid production by ischemic rabbit heart.
Authors: K H Moore, A E Koen, F E Hull
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

beta-Hydroxymyristate, -palmitate, and -stearate were produced by and accumulated in isolated rabbit heart when perfused ischemically for 2-10 min by the nonrecirculating langendorff technique with 0.75 mM palmitate and 0.16 mM albumin. Tissue fractionation into mitochondria and cytosol showed that by 2 min of ischemia 44% of beta-hydroxypalmitate and 38% beta-hydroxystearate was located in the cytosol; this percentage increased to greater than 50% by 5 min of ischemia. Lipid fractionation studies showed that by 10 min these two beta-hydroxy fatty acids were distributed approximately as 60% acylcarnitine, 20% acyl-coenzyme A (CoA), and 20% free fatty acids. All three chemical forms of beta-hydroxypalmitate were found in both the mitochondria and the cytosol. After 10 min of ischemia beta-hydroxypalmitoyl-CoA and beta-hydroxystearoyl-CoA constituted at least 16% of the incremental long-chain acyl-CoA, whereas beta-hydroxypalmitoylcarnitine and b-hydroxystearoylcarnitine constituted 8% of the incremental long-chain acylcarnitine. These data suggests that myocardial beta-hydroxyacyl-CoA oxidation is limited during ischemia. Substrate accumulates and is transferred to the cytosol where it accumulates primarily as beta-hydroxyacylcarnitine.
Elevated glomerular and blood mononuclear lymphocyte nitric oxide production in rats with chronic bile duct ligation: Role of inducible nitric oxide synthase activation
Authors: M Criado, O Flores, M C Ortiz, F Hidalgo, A M Rodriguez-Lopez, N Eleno, N M Atucha, A Sanchez-Rodriguez, M Arevalo, J Garcia-Estan, J M Lopez-Novoa
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Recent work indicates that nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the systemic and renal alterations of cirrhosis. In the present study, we have evaluated whether the inducible NO synthase (iNOS) isoform participates in the enhanced renal and systemic NO production of a rat model of cirrhosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed in rats subjected to chronic bile duct ligation (BDL) and in sham-operated (SO) animals. Plasma nitrite (3.1 +/- 0.1 micromol/L in SO and 6.6 +/- 0.2 micromol/L in BDL), glomerular nitrite production (6.4 +/- 0.1 vs. 9.8 +/- 0.1 nmol/24h/7,000 glomeruli, respectively), and mononuclear lymphocyte cells nitrite production (0.3 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.6 +/- 0.12 nmol/10(6) cells, respectively) were all significantly higher in BDL than in SO. Moreover, mononuclear lymphocytes and glomeruli from BDL rats showed an increased expression of macrophage-type iNOS, detected by Western blot. Kidneys from BDL animals also showed an increased calcium-independent NO synthase activity, compared with those from SO rats. Constitutive endothelial-type NO synthase expression in glomeruli or the activity of calcium-dependent NO synthase in whole kidney did not show differences between BDL and SO rats. In cultured mesangial cells from normal rats, the addition of plasma from BDL but not of plasma from SO significantly stimulated (35%) nitrite production and increased the expression of macrophage-type iNOS. In addition, administration of aminoguanidine (AG), a preferential iNOS inhibitor, elevated dose-dependently mean arterial pressure in both groups, but this increase was greater in BDL (26.5 +/- 4.4 mm hg) than in SO (13.6 +/- 2.6). In BDL, AG also increased sodium and water excretion and glomerular filtration rate. In contrast, there were only small nonsignificant changes in SO animals. Therefore, these results indicate that the expression, activity and production of NO in kidneys, glomeruli, and mononuclear lymphocyte cells is elevated in BDL rats, and this is partly because of a plasma-derived substance(s), which stimulates iNOS formation. The amelioration of the arterial hypotension and the associated reduced excretory levels of these cirrhotic animals by aminoguanidine further support the involvement of the inducible NO synthase isoform in the renal alterations observed in BDL animals.
Suicide Among Physicians
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Rose and Rosow<sup>1</sup>present data that support the commonly held belief that suicide deaths among physicians are more prevalent than in the general population. The authors first reviewed prior reports of suicide deaths among physicians and found that some of the studies, contrary to popular belief, indicated that physicians have no greater tendency to suicide than the general population. Yet, closer scrutiny of the selected earlier reports showed faults in methodology that made them unreliable. For example, some of the reports were based on data gleaned from the obituaries published in<i>JAMA</i>. Such data were sure to be misleading, since a survey of<i>JAMA</i>obituaries would furnish only descriptive data but not valid statistical data. Rose and Rosow confirmed that fact by scrupulously searching<i>JAMA</i>obituaries for records of 18 physicians known to have committed suicide in California during 1970. For those physicians, the<i>JAMA</i>listings disclosed nine suicides,
Is Nitrous Oxide a Dangerous Anesthetic for Vitamin B12-Deficient Subjects?
Authors: Robert F. Schilling
Journal: JAMA (1986)

Two women developed significant neurologic dysfunction, consistent with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, within eight weeks of being anesthetized with nitrous oxide. Investigation revealed that each had preclinical or masked vitamin B12 deficiency. The first patient had two previous ileal resections for Crohn's disease and the other had pernicious anemia. It is postulated that nitrous oxide anesthesia may precipitate neurologic disease in people with unrecognized deficiency of vitamin B12.
Recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma as a mixed hepatoblastoma after liver transplantation
Authors: J Dumortier, T Bizollon, M Chevallier, C Ducerf, J Baulieux, J Y Scoazec, C Trepo
Journal: Gut (1999)

<h3>BACKGROUND</h3> Hepatoblastoma is an exceptional cause of primary malignant liver tumour in the adult. <h3>PATIENT</h3> The case is reported of an adult patient transplanted for alcoholic cirrhosis complicated by multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma in whom a recurrence in the form of a mixed hepatoblastoma invading the whole transplanted liver developed three months after liver transplantation. <h3>METHODS</h3> Complete clinical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical data were reviewed. <h3>RESULTS</h3> The recurrent tumour invaded the whole liver. The major component was a mixed hepatoblastoma, with an epithelial component expressing cytokeratin and a mesenchymal component expressing vimentin. The tumour also contained a minor hepatocarcinomatous component expressing α fetoprotein. The rapid growth of the tumour prevented any attempt at treatment. Although direct evidence is lacking, the most likely hypothesis to explain the observations is a marked phenotypic change in the initial malignant population at recurrence. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> This case supports a possible filiation between hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatoblastoma in adults.
Detection of benzodiazepine-like activity in hepatic encephalopathy requires an initial lipophilic extraction procedure!
Authors: Reynaldo Gacad, Kristine Kaminsky-Russ, Kevin D. Mullen, Peter Widler, Hans U. Fisch, Arthur Zimmermann, Thomas E. Schläepfer, Jürg Reichen, None Peter-Schoch
Journal: Hepatology (1994)
Neonatal and Infant Immaturity in Man
Authors: Ashley Montagu
Journal: JAMA (1961)

WHY ARE HUMAN beings born in a state so immature that it takes 8 to 10 months before the human infant can even crawl, and another 4 to 6 months before he can walk and talk? That a good many years will elapse before the human child will cease to depend upon others for his very survival constitutes yet another evidence of the fact that man is born and remains more immature for a longer period than any other animal.  The newborn elephant and the fallow deer can run with the herd shortly after they are born. By the age of 6 weeks, the infant seal has been taught by his mother to navigate his watery world for himself. These animals all have long gestation periods, presumably because animals that give birth to small litters, which they are unable to protect as efficiently as predatory animals can, must give birth
The Patient's Role in Clinical Decision-Making
Authors: DAVID S. BRODY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Practicing physicians must frequently make decisions about how much they wish to encourage patient participation in clinical decision-making and how to respond to rational patient demands that do not coincide with their own decisions. These are difficult ethical dilemmas with no indisputable or universal solutions. The traditional concept of the doctor-patient relationship places the patient in a passive, compliant role. The patient's only obligation is to seek competent help and cooperate with the physician. A number of factors have contributed to the continued dominance of the traditional doctor-patient imbalance of power. Despite these factors, there seems to be a great deal of public dissatisfaction with health care delivery in the United States; demands for more patient autonomy are increasing. This paper dicusses the concept of mutual participation, presents an approach to encouraging patient participation in clinical decision-making, and considers its theoretical advantages.