tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood Volume Changes After Weight Reduction
Authors: CARLO BERETTA-PICCOLI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1983Blood Volume Changes After Weight ReductionCARLO BERETTA-PICCOLI, M.D.CARLO BERETTA-PICCOLI, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-4-568_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The paper by Reisin and associates (1) suggests that the "reduction in arterial pressure after weight loss may be explained hemodynamically by lower total circulating and central blood volumes." In normal and hypertensive humans, total blood volume is closely related to body weight (2); variations in body weight must therefore be accompanied by parallel variations in total blood volume. The question is whether the decrease in total blood volume seen in association with a decrease in body weight represents only the physiologic response of this variable or whether in adipose patients weight loss may be associated with...References1. REISINFROHLICHMESSERLI EEF. Cardiovascular changes after weight reduction in obesity hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:315-9. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BERETTA-PICCOLIWEIDMANN CP. Body sodium-blood volume state in nomazotemic diabetes mellitus. Mineral Electrolyte Metab. 1982;7:36-47. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. BERETTA-PICCOLIDAVIESBODDY CDK. Relation of arterial pressure with body sodium, body potassium and plasma potassium in essential hypertension. Clin Sci. 1982;63:257-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. FELDSCHUCHENSON JY. Prediction of the normal blood volume: relation of blood volume to body habitus. Circulation. 1977;56:605-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. MESSERLICHRISTIEDE CARVALHO FBJ. Obesity and essential hypertension: hemodynamics, intravascular volume, sodium excretion, and plasma renin. Arch Intern Med. 1983;141:81-5. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. MESSERLI F. Cardiovascular effects of obesity and hypertension. Lancet. 1982;1:1165-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. KNAPP T. A methodological critique of the ideal weight concept. JAMA. 1983;250:506-10. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ospedale Italiano di Lugano 6962 Viganello Italy PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1983Volume 99, Issue 4Page: 568-568KeywordsBlood pressureBlood volumeBody weightWeight loss Issue Published: 1 October 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
In vivo assessment of vascular pathology resulting from laser irradiation. Analysis of 23 patients studied by directional atherectomy immediately after laser angioplasty.
Authors: J M Isner, K Rosenfield, C J White, S Ramee, M Kearney, A Pieczek, R E Langevin, S Razvi
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND The pathological consequences of cardiovascular laser irradiation have been studied extensively in vitro. Previous in vivo studies of laser-induced injury have included analyses of acute and/or chronic findings in experimental animals. Little information, however, is available regarding the acute effects of laser irradiation of human vascular tissues in vivo. METHODS AND RESULTS To determine the acute pathology resulting from laser irradiation of human vascular tissue in vivo, specimens retrieved from 23 patients by directional atherectomy immediately after laser angioplasty (19 peripheral and four coronary) were examined by light microscopy. Of the 23 patients, three (13.0%) were treated with a metal-capped ("hot-tip") fiber coupled to a continuous-wave neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser using up to 18 W power and 18-305 seconds of cumulative exposure time; in all three patients (100%), thermal injury, including frank charring several cell layers thick, was seen along the luminal borders of the atherectomy specimen. In eight of the 23 patients (34.5%), laser angioplasty was performed using a 250-microseconds holmium:YAG laser at fluences up to 2,300 mJ/mm2, a repetition rate of 5 Hz, and 25-200 seconds of cumulative exposure; in seven of eight patients (85.5%), the atherectomy specimen showed signs of vacuolar injury consisting of central and satellite Alcian-blue-negative vacuoles. In two patients (25.0%), there was a "smudged" or "shredded" edge, whereas in one patient, frank signs of thermal injury were observed. Finally, in 12 of the 23 patients (52.2%), laser angioplasty was performed using a 120-nsec excimer laser at fluences up to 60 mJ/mm2, a repetition rate of 25 Hz, and a cumulative exposure time of 21-315 seconds. Pathological findings among these 12 patients were limited to nine patients (75%) in whom a weakly basophilic, smudged, and/or shredded appearance approximately one cell layer thick was observed along the luminal border of the atherectomy specimen and two patients (16.7%) with small foci of vacuolar injury. None of the atherectomy specimens retrieved after excimer laser angioplasty disclosed signs of thermal injury. CONCLUSIONS These findings document that acute pathological alterations resulting from in vivo laser angioplasty are variable, depending on the laser source used, and are similar to that predicted by experimental studies performed previously in vitro. The prognostic implications of these varying pathological features remain to be clarified.
Government admits mental health service problems
Authors: C. Court
Journal: BMJ (1996)

One in three health authorities in England will not be able to deliver comprehensive mental health services for at least another year, the government has admitted. In its review of mental health care around the country, published last week, the NHS Executive cites 33 health authorities “whose plans require service improvements beyond the end of 1996-7.”

The review of mental health purchasing, set up in August 1995 at the request of the health minister, …
Two Rab2 Interactors Regulate Dense-Core Vesicle Maturation
Authors: Michael Ailion, Mandy Hannemann, Susan Dalton, Andrea Pappas, Shigeki Watanabe, Jan Hegermann, Qiang Liu, Hsiao-Fen Han, Mingyu Gu, Morgan Q. Goulding, Nikhil Sasidharan, Kim Schuske, Patrick Hullett, Stefan Eimer, Erik M. Jorgensen
Journal: Neuron (2014)
Prediction of the extent of myocardial necrosis and contractile reserve after reperfusion therapy following acute myocardial infarction: Comparison between myocardial contrast echocardiography and contrast enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Rajesh Janardhanan, James C.C. Moon, Dudley J. Pennell, Roxy Senior
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Use of Alpha-Methyl-Dopa (Alpha-Methyl-3,4-Dihydroxy-DL-Phenylalanine) in the Management of the Carcinoid Syndrome
Authors: Francis J. Collini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

RECENT reports1 , 2 of the efficacy of a new aromatic amine decarboxylase inhibitor, called alpha-methyl-dopa, in lowering serotonin blood levels by blocking metabolism of tryptophan at the 5-hydroxytryptophan level prompted clinical trial of this agent in a unique patient with proved carcinoid tumor, or argentaffinoma, a slow growing tumor that is constantly producing serotonin, which is believed at present to be the cause of the systemic flushes and important heart lesions characteristic of the malignant carcinoid syndrome. It is this relentless over-production of serotonin that adds to the malignancy of the carcinoid tumor. A drug that can neutralize this serotonin can . . .
GPs should encourage more HIV testing, says AIDS foundation
Authors: D. Singh
Journal: BMJ (2003)

HIV testing must be offered more routinely in primary care to identify people with the disease much earlier, says the first nationally agreed service standards for HIV.

The standards, published by the Medical Foundation for AIDS and Sexual Health—a charity partly funded by the BMA, that promotes excellence in the prevention and management of HIV—have been endorsed by the Department of Health, the British HIV Association, and the National Association of NHS Providers of AIDS Care and Treatment.

Although the health and quality of life for many …
Improved postprandial glycemic control during treatment with Humalog Mix25, a novel protamine-based insulin lispro formulation. Humalog Mix25 Study Group.
Authors: P Roach, L Yue, V Arora
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Humalog Mix25 is a manufactured premixed insulin formulation containing insulin lispro and a novel insulin lispro-protamine formulation (NPL) in a ratio of 25:75%. The objective of this study was to compare Humalog Mix25 to human insulin 30/70 (30% regular insulin/70% NPH) with respect to glycemic control. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Humalog Mix25 was compared with human insulin 30/70 in 89 individuals with type 2 diabetes during a 6-month randomized open-label two-period crossover study. Each insulin was administered twice daily, before the morning and evening meals. Information regarding self-monitored blood glucose (BG), hypoglycemic episodes (hypoglycemic signs or symptoms or BG &amp;lt; or = 3.0 mmol/l), insulin dose, and HbA1c was collected. RESULTS: Treatment with Humalog Mix25 resulted in better postprandial glycemic control after the morning and evening meals compared with treatment with human insulin 30/70. Overall glycemic control and the incidence of hypoglycemia were comparable between the treatments. CONCLUSIONS: In comparison to treatment with human insulin 30/70, twice daily administration of Humalog Mix25 resulted in improved postprandial glycemic control, similar overall glycemic control, and the convenience of dosing immediately before meals.
The Ledger of Tobacco Control
Authors: Ronald M. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1996)

A dozen years ago, then—Surgeon General C. Everett Koop called for a smoke-free society by the year 2000. That goal became a rallying cry for legions of health professionals and health advocates who anguished over the harm wreaked by the most important preventable cause of death in our society. Only 4 years remain in this millennium, and society as a whole will not be smoke free in the year 2000. In fact, smoking prevalence among adults in the United States leveled off from 1990 to 1993—at about 25%—after 25 years of consistent decline.<sup>1,2</sup>Moreover, smoking prevalence increased in 1995 for the fourth consecutive year among eighth- and tenthgraders, and for the third consecutive year among high school seniors.<sup>3</sup> On the other hand, much of society is already smoke free— many workplaces, homes, and public transport lines, for example. Public hostility toward the promotion and use of tobacco continues
A Little Hyponatremic
Authors: Anne Sagalyn
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

On Being a Doctor4 October 2011A Little HyponatremicAnne Sagalyn, MDAnne Sagalyn, MDFrom George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-7-201110040-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My mother died when I was 12. I didn't see much of her that last summer; I was away at camp for the first time and came home to the news that she was scheduled for gallbladder surgery. Hospital policy in 1963 was that children under 12 were not allowed to visit. My mother left for the hospital, my father carrying her bag as she kissed my brother, sister, and me, and promised to be home soon. I never saw her again.The surgery went well, but the following day she was nauseated, with a headache. She was given promethazine, ...Reference1. Ayus JC, Wheeler JM, Arieff AI. Postoperative hyponatremic encephalopathy in menstruant women. Ann Intern Med. 1992;117:891-7. [PMID: 1443949] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC 20037.Corresponding Author: Anne Sagalyn, MD; e-mail, [email protected]edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 4 October 2011Volume 155, Issue 7Page: 473-474KeywordsBrainEdemaForecastingHeadachesHospital medicineHyponatremiaMilkSexual identitySodiumSurgery ePublished: 4 October 2011 Issue Published: 4 October 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Decitabine combined with fractionated gemtuzumab ozogamicin therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Saeeda Chowdhury, Stuart Seropian, Peter W. Marks
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

Salvage chemotherapy for patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is generally associated with a low-response rate and significant nonhematologic toxicity. Both decitabine and gemtuzumab ozogamicin have activity in AML as single agents and can be administered sequentially with potential synergy due to their toxicity profiles. Twelve patients with AML, who had received a median of three prior regimens (range 1-6), were treated with decitabine 20 mg/m(2) on days 1 through 5 followed by gemtuzumab ozogamicin 3 mg/m(2) on days 6, 9, and 12. Five patients achieved a complete response (42%) and subsequently underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Three patients are in complete remission and four are still alive 7 to 16 months after treatment. The regimen was well tolerated with the primary nonhematologic toxicity of Grade 1 or 2 transaminitis observed in four patients. These results indicate that decitabine in combination with gemtuzumab is a regimen of promising efficacy worthy of further investigation in controlled trials.
Reviews and Notes: Conversation Repair: Case Studies in Doctor-Patient Communication
Authors: Daniel Levinson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine15 February 1996Reviews and Notes: Conversation Repair: Case Studies in Doctor-Patient CommunicationDaniel Levinson, MDDaniel Levinson, MDUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine; Tucson, AZ 85724Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-4-199602150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail FW Platt. 194 pages. Boston: Little, Brown; 1995. $24.95. ISBN 0316 710 825. Order phone 800-759-0190.The art of effective physician–patient interaction is better learned by observing experienced clinicians than through pedantic lectures or textbooks. Long-term apprenticeships are a thing of the past, and today's exposure to widely varied attending physicians rarely offers the opportunity to learn the subtleties of gratifying interaction. Conversation Repair allows the reader to observe the ways in which one experienced clinician deals with various troublesome challenges.Learning to deal comfortably with “difficult” patients is the goal of Conversation Repair. During his more than 20 years ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Arizona College of Medicine; Tucson, AZ 85724 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 February 1996Volume 124, Issue 4Page: 458KeywordsHeart ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 February 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Bread Iodine Content and Thyroid Radioiodine Uptake: A Tale of Two Cities
Authors: B. A. Sachs, E. Siegel, B. N. Horwitt, E. Siegel
Journal: BMJ (1972)

The iodine content of bread consumed in the Bronx, New York, was found to be significantly lower than that of bread consumed in Columbia, Missouri. This difference in dietary intake of iodine could account for the lowered range of normal values for 24-hour <sup>131</sup>I uptake tests in Columbia, and the persistence of the same normal range for this test over the past 28 years in the Bronx. A population with high iodine intake requires higher doses of radioactive iodine in the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid disease. Questions are raised regarding the relationship of high iodine intake to the risk of developing thyrotoxicosis.
Head impact biomechanics in ski related accident
Authors: Svein Kleiven, Peter Halldin
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the need for an updated specification for improved Downhill and Super-G helmet. One important aspect was to understand if the impact situations in the ski slope can generate high rotational accelerations and if so, how can the helmets be designed to absorb both translational and rotational energy. Design TV footage from 11 accidents during 2008–2010 has been collected by NIH, Oslo. Video analysis of the accidents has been conducted by KTH to quantify the kinematics of the helmeted head during the accidents. The head kinematics from the video analysis was then applied to perform accidents reconstructions by use of the detailed KTH numerical head model, a helmet model and a new model of the impacted ski slope. Results The preliminary results show that impact speeds are higher compared to the velocities used in the current test standard (5.4 m/s). It is also shown that the impact angle is very steep (Around 20° s) compared to the pure vertical impacts (90° impact angle) used in helmet standards. The simulations of the helmeted head impact do show that the rotational forces to the head is large and that the material properties of the snow is important to take into consideration when designing a new helmet standard. Conclusion ▸ The test speed should be increased from 5.4 m/s. ▸ The rotational accelerations in the simulations are high. ▸ The ongoing project aim to answer if the specification of ski helmets needs to take the rotation into account.
Cigarette Smoke Drives Small Airway Remodeling by Induction of Growth Factors in the Airway Wall
Authors: Andrew Churg, Hsin Tai, Tonya Coulthard, Rona Wang, Joanne L. Wright
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Small airway remodeling (SAR) is an important cause of airflow obstruction in cigarette smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, but the pathogenesis of SAR is not understood.To determine whether smoke causes production of profibrotic growth factors in the airway wall.We exposed C57Bl/6 mice to cigarette smoke for up to 6 mo and examined growth factor/procollagen gene expression in laser-capture microdissected small airways by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.With a single smoke exposure, increases in procollagen, connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-A and -B expression were seen 2 h after the start of smoking and declined to baseline by 24 h. With repeated exposures and at killing of animals 24 h after the last exposure, increases in procollagen, CTGF, PDGF-B, and (minimally) PDGF-A expression persisted through 1 wk, 1 mo, and 6 mo. TGF-beta(1) gene expression declined over time; however, increased immunochemical staining for phopho-Smad 2 was present at all time points, indicating continuing TGF-beta downstream signaling. Morphometric analysis showed that the small airways in smoke-exposed mice had more collagen at 6 mo.These findings suggest that smoke can induce growth factor and procollagen production in small airways in a time frame that initially is too short for a significant inflammatory response and that profibrotic growth factor and procollagen gene expression become self-sustaining with repeated smoke exposures. These results imply that the pathogenesis of and possible treatment approaches to emphysema and small airway remodeling might be quite different.
Preliminary study of the effects of Tai Chi and Qigong medical exercise on indicators of metabolic syndrome and glycaemic control in adults with raised blood glucose levels
Authors: X Liu, Y D Miller, N W Burton, W J Brown
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2008)

Objectives:   To evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and effects of a Tai Chi and Qigong medical exercise program that aimed to improve indicators of metabolic syndrome and glycaemic control in adults with elevated blood glucose.    Design, Setting, and Participants:  A single group pre-post trial of 11 participants (3 male and 8 female; aged 42-65 years) with elevated blood glucose, conducted from August to November 2005 at a university in Australia.    Invervention:  Participants attended Tai Chi and Qigong exercise training for 1 to 1.5 hours, 3 times per week for 12 weeks, and were encouraged to practice the exercises at home.
   Main Outcome Measures:   Indicators of metabolic syndrome (body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol), and glucose control (HbA1c, fasting insulin and insulin resistance).
   Results:  There was good adherence and high acceptability for the group based program.  There were significant improvements in four of the seven indicators of metabolic syndrome including body mass index [mean difference -1.05 (95% CI: -1.48, -0.63), p<0.001], waist circumference [-2.80 cm (-4.97, -0.62), p<0.05)], and both systolic [-11.64 mm Hg (-19.46, -3.51), p<0.01)] and diastolic blood pressure [-9.73 mm Hg (-13.58, -5.88), p<0.001)].  There were also small improvements in HbA1c [-0.32 % (-0.49, -0.15), p<0.01)], fasting insulin [-9.93 pmol/L (-19.93, 0.07), p = 0.051] and insulin resistance [-0.53 (-0.97, -0.09), p<0.05].
   Conclusions:   The program was shown to be feasible and acceptable and the findings suggest that it may be helpful for control of indicators of metabolic syndrome and glycaemic control. Larger controlled studies are needed to confirm these promising results.
NATIONAL MEDICAL SCHOOLS BY ACT OF CONGRESS.
Authors: Daniel Leasure
Journal: JAMA (1884)

<h3>Mr. Editor:</h3> In common with the profession, I am watching with a good deal of interest the development of the plan to establish schools of medicine by law of Congress, as contemplated in Mr. Call's bill for the establishment of a national medical university, and I am much pleased with your suggestion, to add chairs for the demonstration of the claims of the "faith cure," and the total abstinence from alcohol schools, and I hope your suggestion will meet with the favor of our representatives. The greatest difficulty will be in finding enough allopathic doctors to fill the chairs allotted to that school. I have been a member of the American Medical Association since its formation, and am free to say, I have never met an allopathic doctor amongst its members, or for that matter anywhere else. I have met electropathists, homœopathists, hydropathists, eclectics, faith curists, prayer curists, mesmerists, fumblers,