tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pneumocystis jirovecii multilocus genotyping in pooled DNA samples: a new approach for clinical and epidemiological studies
Authors: F. Esteves, J. Gaspar, B. de Sousa, F. Antunes, K. Mansinho, O. Matos
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)

Specific single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are recognized as important DNA sequence variations influencing the pathogenesis of Pneumocystis jirovecii and the clinical outcome of Pneumocystis pneumonia, which is a major worldwide cause of illness among immunocompromised patients. Genotyping platforms for pooled DNA samples are promising methodologies for genetic characterization of infectious organisms. We have developed a new typing strategy for P. jirovecii, which consisted of DNA pools prepared according to clinical data (HIV diagnosis, microscopic and molecular detection of P. jirovecii, parasite burden, clinical diagnosis and follow-up of infection) from individual samples using quantitative real-time PCR followed by multiplex-PCR/single base extension (MPCR/SBE). The frequencies of multiple P. jirovecii SNPs (DHFR312, mt85, SOD215 and SOD110) encoded at three distinct loci, the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA (mtLSU rRNA) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) loci, were estimated in seven DNA pooled samples, representing a total of 100 individual samples. The studied SNPs were confirmed to be associated with distinct clinical parameters of infection such as parasite burden and follow-up. The MPCR/SBE-DNA pooling methodology, described in the present study, was demonstrated to be a useful high-throughput procedure for large-scale P. jirovecii SNPs screening and a powerful tool for evaluation of clinically relevant SNPs potentially related to parasite burden, clinical diagnosis and follow-up of P. jirovecii infection. In further studies, the candidate SNPs mt85, SOD215 and SOD110 may be used as molecular markers in association with MPCR/SBE-DNA pooling to generate useful information for understanding the patterns and causes of Pneumocystis pneumonia.
Abstract 18651: Osteopontin RNA Aptamer Reverses Heart Failure and Increases Plasma HDL Levels
Authors: Jihe Li, Jayanti Singh, Paul Kurlansky, Lina A Shehadeh
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: Osteopontin (OPN) expression increases in the heart during hypertrophy and heart failure and in the aorta during atherosclerosis. OPN KO mice were reported to have a reduced hypertrophic response after trans-aortic constriction (TAC), and a reduced plaque burden on an APOE-/- background. We hypothesized that an RNA aptamer targeting OPN protein would effectively modulate the responses to TAC and atherogenesis. Method and Results: C57BL6 male mice were subjected to sham or TAC surgeries. TAC mice were injected starting day1 with OPN RNA aptamer or mutant OPN aptamer. At 4wks, OPN aptamer treatment increased %EF (25%) relative to mut control (n=13, p&lt;.01). This significant cardiac improvement was sustained at 8 wks (n=7) and 12wks (n=4-7). WGA and PR staining showed respectively that the OPN aptamer significantly reduced myocyte size (.8 fold at 4wks and 0.7 fold at 12 wks) and cardiac fibrosis (0.4 fold at 4wks and 0.3 fold at 12 wks). In 4 and 12wk LVs and RVs, OPN aptamer reduced Nppb, Nppa, Opn, Fn1, Col3a1, and Lum transcripts (n=3-6 - p&lt;.05). At 12 wk, FN1 protein was reduced in the LVs and RVs by the OPN Apt (n=3 p&lt;.05) and serum HDL was increased (20% p=.001; n=5-7). In 6 mo APOE-/- mice, systemic injections of OPN aptamer also increased plasma HDL (13%; p=.02; n=8-10).To assess effect of OPN aptamer on reversal of cardiac remodeling, at 8 wks post TAC (n=3-4), cardiac function was assessed followed by a total of 7 OPN aptamer injections (one every other day), and then assessed again at 10 wks. The OPN aptamer improved %EF in TAC mice (.6 fold p=.02 TAC vs Sham before treatment to .85 fold p=NS after treatment). In wild type but not OPN KO neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes-fibroblast co-culture, 16h treatment with FAM-labeled OPN aptamer, followed by Phalloidin and TNT staining, showed successful intracellular uptake of the OPN aptamer by cardiac myocytes and more so by fibroblasts. Conclusion: OPN RNA aptamer protected against and reversed cardiac dysfunction in a mouse TAC model of cardiac hypertrophy, and increased serum HDL in WT and APOE-/- mice. The cardioprotective effect of the OPN aptamer, together with the efficient uptake by cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts make it a promising therapeutic molecule and a potential platform for targeted RNA delivery into the heart.
Controversies in Management: Costs outweigh benefits
Authors: S P Allison
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In Britain 100 000 strokes occur annually, and patients with stroke occupy a fifth of all medical and a quarter of all long term beds as well as consuming 5% of the NHS budget. At present half of all acute strokes are managed by general practitioners at home. Last year 891 patients were admitted to the University Hospital, Nottingham, with a diagnosis of stroke; 210 had computed tomography at a cost of £80 per head. If computed tomography of all patients with stroke became mandatory the first effect would be to double the admission rate to include all those currently managed at home. The additional cost of scanning these and the rest of the 891 patients admitted would be roughly £125000 a year without the costs of admitting 800 more medical patients. The medicolegal consequences of making computed tomography mandatory in all stroke patients are easily imagined. Computed tomography for stroke must be proved to be extremely effective for such a cost to be justified. I believe that the case has yet to be made.
Laboratory Diagnostic Procedures in the Rheumatic Diseases.
Authors: Alan S. Cohen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

The advertisements for over-thecounter medicines are not what they used to be. Instead of making blatant claims they tell us in modest tones that a given medicine may give temporary relief from minor aches and pains; or perhaps its chief virtue may be that it is mild and that doctors recommend it; or perhaps that it contains more iron and vitamins than a competitor. The appeal of television advertisements, for example, lies not
Predictors of Lack of Improvement After Thrombolytic Stroke Therapy
Authors: Andrew Pastewski, Yizhak Kupfer, Sidney Tessler
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Effect of Rate Control on Quality of Life in Patients With Permanent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hessel F. Groenveld, Harry J.G.M. Crijns, Maarten P. Van den Berg, Eric Van Sonderen, A. Marco Alings, Jan G.P. Tijssen, Hans L. Hillege, Ype S. Tuininga, Dirk J. Van Veldhuisen, Adelita V. Ranchor, Isabelle C. Van Gelder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract P1-09-28: What is a healthful diet? – Cancer survivors' interpretations of their own dietary recall data
Authors: Ann C Klassen, Katherine C Smith, Michelle Brosbe, Kisha Coa, Susan Hannum, Laura Caulfield
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background The number of long-term cancer survivors will continue to grow, and developing strategies for tertiary prevention of recurrence, cancer-related comorbidities, and general chronic disease-related health burden is critical. Nutrition and energy balance are increasingly recognized to play important roles in both decreasing recurrence risk, and improving health and well-being throughout survivorship. To inform strategies for nutrition education and behavior change for cancer survivors, we used a mixed methods approach to explore concepts about healthful diet and eating patterns among long-term cancer survivors. Methods We collected three ASA-24 dietary recalls from 53 breast, prostate and non-Hodgkins lymphoma survivors. Utilizing qualitative interviews, we provided participants with feedback on how their eating patterns compared to dietary guidelines, and asked respondents to reflect upon their diet and dietary changes. Results Like most American adults, respondents were not eating in accordance with many dietary recommendations. In terms of adequate intake of recommended nutrients, 68% met fruit and vegetable guidelines, but only 15% reported adequate intake of fiber. In terms of following recommendations for limits on intake, 89% reported diets that met guidelines for limiting alcohol intake, but only 55% met limits for cholesterol, 40% for saturated fat, 19% for caloric intake, and only 2% limited their sodium intake to within recommended levels. Respondents were often surprised by their own dietary patterns, and had differing conceptualizations of a "healthful" diet. Conclusions Cancer survivorship may provide motivation for dietary change, but survivors need nutrition education to identify specific strategies for dietary improvement. Citation Format: Ann C Klassen, Katherine C Smith, Michelle Brosbe, Kisha Coa, Susan Hannum, Laura Caulfield. What is a healthful diet? – Cancer survivors' interpretations of their own dietary recall data [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-09-28.
A feasibility study of adjuvant carboplatin (C) plus gemcitabine (G) in completely resected stage IB-III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: A. Horiike, F. Ohyanagi, Y. Okano, Y. Satoh, S. Okumura, Y. Ishikawa, K. Nakagawa, T. Horai, M. Nishio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

18158 Background: In recent randomized phase III trials in early-stage NSCLC, cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy resulted in a 4.1–15% 5-year survival benefit versus observation. However, only 56–74% of patients completed planned treatment, suggestive of poor compliance. C plus G (CG), one of the standard regimens for advanced NSCLC, is considered more tolerable than other platinum-based regimens because it is associated with less nausea/vomiting, sensory neuropathy, and alopecia. The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility and safety of adjuvant CG in patients with completely resected NSCLC. Methods: Eligibility criteria included histologically confirmed NSCLC, age 20–74 years, complete surgical resection, post-operative pathological stage IB-III, 4–8 weeks post-surgery, ECOG performance status (PS) 0–1, adequate organ function, and informed consent. Patients were treated with adjuvant CG (C, AUC=5 on day 1; G, 1,000 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 8) every 3 weeks for 4 cycles. The primary endpoint was treatment compliance, and the planned sample size was 35 patients (Simon’s minimax design). Results: From October 2004 to July 2006, 35 patients (17 males, 18 females; median age, 64 years) were enrolled. All patients had PS=0. Histologic types included adenocarcinoma (n=27), squamous cell carcinoma (n=3), large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (n=3), large cell carcinoma (n=1), and adenosquamous carcinoma (n=1). Pathological stages included stage IB (n=7), stage IIA (n=7), stage IIB (n=4), stage IIIA (n=13), and stage IIIB (n=4). Resection consisted of lobectomy (n=33) and pneumonectomy (n=2). All patients received =2 cycles of chemotherapy, with 29 patients (83%) completing 3 or 4 cycles. Primary G3/4 toxicities were leukopenia (51%), neutropenia (83%), thrombocytopenia (71%), and anemia (38%). Nonhematologic toxicities were very mild: 6% G3/4 febrile neutropenia, 3% infection, and 3% rash. No treatment-related deaths occurred. Conclusion: Adjuvant CG in patients with completely resected NSCLC is well tolerated, and treatment compliance is very good. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Magnets for Patients With Heel Pain
Authors: Michael I Weintraub
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Janetta Falls, Passaic County, New Jersey
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tandem repeated irritation in aged skin induces distinct barrier perturbation and cytokine profile<i>in vivo</i>
Authors: I. Angelova-Fischer, V. Becker, T.W. Fischer, D. Zillikens, W. Wigger-Alberti, S. Kezic
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

The barrier perturbation pattern and molecular markers of inflammation upon tandem repeated irritation in chronologically aged skin have not been previously studied.We aimed to investigate the barrier impairment kinetic and in vivo cytokine profile following sequential irritation with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and undiluted toluene (Tol) in aged compared with young skin.Four fields on the volar forearm of healthy aged and young volunteers (median age, respectively, 63.9 and 32.6 years) were sequentially exposed to 0.5% SLS and undiluted toluene in a controlled tandem repeated irritation test; an adjacent nontreated field served as control. The permeability barrier function was monitored by repeated measurements of transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance and erythema every 24 h up to 96 h. The stratum corneum cytokines were harvested by sequential tape stripping and quantified by multiplex bead array and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Compared with young skin, aged skin was characterized by delayed and/or less pronounced alterations in the visual irritation score, TEWL, chromametry a*-value and capacitance, assessed by the respective Δ-values for each parameter and monitoring time point. In both groups, exposure to SLS/SLS, SLS/Tol and Tol/SLS resulted in decreased interleukin (IL)-1α levels, whereas the application of Tol/Tol induced an increase in IL-1α. Furthermore, decreased IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) levels and a lower IL-1RA/IL-1α ratio were found following repeated exposure to the irritants.Our results provide evidence for selective alterations in the cytokine profile and distinct barrier impairment kinetic following tandem repeated irritation with SLS and Tol in aged compared with young skin in vivo.
Food Safety Questioned
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A new-look BJD
Authors: David J. Eedy
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Even the most casual reader of the BJD will recognize that, while the journal retains its old skin, the style and format of the articles have changed. The changes that you see are designed to improve the way in which information is presented to readers. Developing the scope, quality and accessibility of dermatological information will be recurring themes in my tenure as Editor of the BJD.1 Medical professionals have always been aware that information and knowledge are the keys to progress. In an age in which we are bombarded with information, the difficulty lies in distinguishing what is important from what is background noise and in being able to make the link to our particular context. The BJD has an increasingly important role to play in improving the signal‐to‐noise ratio for practitioners and researchers in dermatology. The challenge today is how to maintain the ethos of doing, teaching and writing at a time of rapid technological change, electronic communication and multimedia presentation.2
The Ultra-Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin Semuloparin for Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism In Patients Undergoing Major Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Ajay K. Kakkar, Giancarlo Agnelli, William D. Fisher, Daniel George, Patrick Mouret, Michael R. Lassen, Patrick Mismetti, Judith Murphy, Alexander G.G. Turpie
Journal: Blood (2010)
Reply
Authors: Salvatore Petta, Antonio Craxì
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We recently reported that, in a large cohort of biopsy‐proven patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, severe steatosis, diagnosed by histology or by ultrasound, is independently linked to increased liver stiffness measurement (LSM) values. As a consequence, we reported higher rates of false‐positive LSM results for the noninvasive assessment of F2‐F4 and F3‐F4 fibrosis by transient elastography in patients with severe steatosis compared with their counterparts.1 Accordingly, we suggested that in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease patients the presence of severe steatosis, per se or evaluated by ultrasound, should always be taken into account in order to avoid overestimations of liver fibrosis.1 Notably, we reported similar results in the setting of chronic hepatitis C patients as well.2 We thank Lupsor and colleagues for their interest in our study.1 According to our hypothesis,1 they tested whether steatosis noninvasively assessed by the controlled attenuated parameter (CAP), a measure recorded using a different software in the FibroScan, overestimates LSM in a small cohort of 30 patients with F2 fibrosis and with chronic liver disease due to different etiologies. Notably, other than to confirm the expected association between CAP and body mass index, they reported significantly higher LSM values in patients with CAP >280 m/second compared with their counterparts. However, in multivariate analysis they did not confirm CAP as an independent predictor of overestimation of F3‐F4 fibrosis, using LSM >9.5 as a threshold. We think that data from Lupsor and colleagues are interesting and can represent a starting point to test, in large cohorts of patients well characterized for liver damage and discriminated for etiology of liver disease—nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic hepatitis C considered separately are the most relevant clinical settings—whether the combination of LSM with CAP could improve the diagnostic accuracy of LSM for staging fibrosis. Concerning the lack of evidence in multivariate analysis of CAP as an independent predictor of fibrosis overestimation reported by the authors, we think that the value of a multivariate analysis in a very small number of patients is too limited to draw conclusions.
The Interaction of UGT1A, HO1 and α-Thalassemia Variants with Bilirubin Levels and Gallstones in Sickle Cell Disease.
Authors: Nisha Vasavda, Stephan Menzel, Sheila Kondaveeti, Emma Maytham, Moji Awogbade, Sybil Bannister, Juliette Cunningham, Yvonne Daniel, Iheanyi Okpala, Tony Fulford, Swee Lay Thein
Journal: Blood (2006)