tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Analysis of Synthetic Gene Delivery Vector Design Properties
Authors: Csanad M. Varga, Klaudyne Hong, Douglas A. Lauffenburger
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

As intracellular gene delivery pathways are highly complex combinations of multiple potentially rate-limiting cellular and molecular processes, approaches to the design of synthetic delivery vectors focusing on any single barrier individually will likely be suboptimal. We offer here an "integrative systems" approach to vector characterization and design, combining quantitative experiment and computational modeling studies of vector uptake and trafficking kinetics. This model is validated using data for delivery of a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-encoding plasmid by means of Lipofectamine, permitting specification of model parameter values. The model is then used to make a priori predictions on the effect of polymer length in polyplex vectors, with additional parameter values determined from previous independent experimental studies of plasmid release. Comparison with data on GFP expression via these polyplex vectors shows that the model successfully predicts an experimentally observed biphasic dependence of expression efficiency on polymer length and quantifies the contributions of competing effects yielding the optimal intermediate polymer length. Finally, we use the model to predict potential effects of incorporating nuclear localization sequences in these kinds of synthetic vectors, and find that the degree of benefit from these will depend on the values of other key system properties including the vector unpackaging rate constant. Thus, we demonstrate the usefulness of a bioengineering, integrative-systems modeling approach to improved vector design and analysis.
Medical aid teams trying to access Gaza question UK government support
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A medical aid team that recently returned to the United Kingdom after unsuccessfully trying to gain access to Gaza has questioned the efforts of the UK Foreign Office to support their work.

The team of four, led by Omar Mangoush, a cardiac surgeon at London’s Hammersmith Hospital, had intended to help establish a cardiac surgery unit at al-Shifa Hospital in Gaza City. But the UK doctors spent most of May waiting at the Egyptian controlled Rafah crossing, where they said they had watched medical teams from Ireland and the United States successfully enter Gaza with the backing …
Multiple myeloma and human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection
Authors: T.T. Yee, K. Murphy, M. Johnson, S.H. Abdalla, G.S. Patton, C.A. Lee, A.B. Mehta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Multiple myeloma (MM) in three human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is reported. HIV infection predisposes to the development of high-grade B-cell lymphomas, but few cases of plasma cell tumours in association with HIV have been reported. The coincidence of HIV infection and neoplasia highlights the distinct roles of immunodeficiency and infection with herpesviridae, including HIV itself, in the pathogenesis of HIV-related tumours. In addition, a number of cytokines (e.g., interleukin-6 [IL-6]) and angiogenic factors (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] and basic fibroblastic growth factor [bFGF]) may play a role in the initiation, maintenance, and progression of multiple myeloma (MM). Infection was the first clinical consideration to the cause of the illness in two of our HIV-seropositive patients. The diagnosis of MM may be difficult in patients with advanced HIV infection as they often have renal failure, bone marrow plasmacytosis, repeated infections, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinaemia, due to HIV infection itself, opportunistic pathogens, and/or medication. Am. J. Hematol. 66:123–125, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Myelography and Myography in Diagnosis of Herniated Intervertebral Disk
Authors: Parviz Kambin
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Both electromyography and melography have been widely used by surgeons to confirm the clinical diagnosis prior to excision of herniated intervertebral disk. Electromyography has been used more often in recent years, mostly because opinions have differed as to complications following the use of iophendylate (Pantopaque) myelography, although few surgeons prefer to depend on their clinical diagnosis alone. The diagnostic accuracy of myelography, electromyography, and clinical findings in 40 patients on whom the presence of herniated intervertebral disk was proved surgically is discussed. Electromyography had great value in determining the absence or presence of root compressions, but not much value in specifying the exact level of compression. Myelography gave a higher percentage of correct reports. When electromyography and myelography or clinical diagnosis are combined, the diagnostic value of the procedures increases.
Oral 4, X-linked ichthyosis with a contiguous gene defect in three successive generations
Authors: R. Ramesh, P. Bouloux, H.R. Dorkins, R. Ellis, M. Buch, K. Batta
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Oral 4, X‐linked ichthyosis with a contiguous gene defect in three successive generations Get access R. Ramesh, R. Ramesh Department of Dermatology, Watford General Hospital, Watford; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Free Hospital; and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Bouloux, P. Bouloux Department of Dermatology, Watford General Hospital, Watford; Department of Endocrinology, Royal Free Hospital; and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.R. Dorkins, H.R. Dorkins Imperial College Department of Medical and Community Genetics, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Ellis, R. Ellis Imperial College Department of Medical and Community Genetics, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Buch, M. Buch Imperial College Department of Medical and Community Genetics, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Batta K. Batta Imperial College Department of Medical and Community Genetics, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 156, Issue 6, 1 June 2007, Page 1404, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07876_4.x Published: 01 June 2007
Health of the nation
Authors: J. W T Chalmers, D. A Breen, I. H Maclean
Journal: BMJ (1991)

States with a circular slide rule scored in such terms suggested that neither patients nor doctors are motivated by actuarial concepts.To many people an annual risk of 3 in 100 does not seem very different from 3 in 10 000.The concepts of being near the front of the queue and of the potential for moving back seem to be far more readily compre- hensible and motivational, in my experience and that of many other users in the pilot studies and subsequently.Now that the disk is available this can be more formally tested.
Alcohol: another risk factor for diabetic retinopathy?
Authors: R.J Young, D K McCulloch, Robin Prescott, B. F. Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1984)

In a five year prospective study clinical features associated with the development and progress of retinopathy were sought in 296 randomly selected diabetic men aged 20-59. None had ophthalmoscopically detectable retinopathy initially, but during follow up 66 developed the condition (47 background, 10 exudative, 9 proliferative). Linear logistic analyses (two tailed tests) showed that the initial features independently predictive of retinopathy were duration of diabetes, poor glycaemic control, impotence, and--unexpectedly--heavy alcohol consumption. Poor glycaemic control in the interim and proteinuria at review were also associated with the development of retinopathy. No relation was found with smoking or obesity. Glycaemic control and alcohol consumption were therefore the only aetiologically relevant associations identified. The development of severe retinopathy (exudative and proliferative) showed a particular association with heavy alcohol consumption, occurring in nine of the 70 heavy drinkers (13%) compared with 10 (4.4%) of the rest. Alcohol consumption may be an important independent factor associated predictively with sight threatening diabetic retinopathy.
The Effect of Infections on Susceptibility to Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases
Authors: Jean-François Bach
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

The hygiene hypothesis postulates that an environment with a high incidence of infectious diseases protects against allergic and autoimmune diseases, whereas hygienic surroundings increase the incidence of these disorders. This review examines the evidence in support of the hygiene hypothesis and offers a number of mechanisms that could explain the relation between sanitary conditions and susceptibility to allergic and autoimmune diseases.
Airborne olive pollen counts are not representative of exposure to the major olive allergen <scp>O</scp>le e 1
Authors: C. Galan, C. Antunes, R. Brandao, C. Torres, H. Garcia‐Mozo, E. Caeiro, R. Ferro, M. Prank, M. Sofiev, R. Albertini, U. Berger, L. Cecchi, S. Celenk, Ł. Grewling, B. Jackowiak, S. Jäger, R. Kennedy, A. Rantio‐Lehtimäki, G. Reese, I. Sauliene, M. Smith, M. Thibaudon, B. Weber, I. Weichenmeier, G. Pusch, J. T. M. Buters
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Pollen is routinely monitored, but it is unknown whether pollen counts represent allergen exposure. We therefore simultaneously determined olive pollen and O le e 1 in ambient air in C órdoba, S pain, and É vora, P ortugal, using Hirst‐type traps for pollen and high‐volume cascade impactors for allergen. Pollen from different days released 12‐fold different amounts of Ole e 1 per pollen (both locations P &lt; 0.001). Average allergen release from pollen (pollen potency) was much higher in Córdoba (3.9 pg Ole e 1/pollen) than in Évora (0.8 pg Ole e 1/pollen, P = 0.004). Indeed, yearly olive pollen counts in Córdoba were 2.4 times higher than in Évora, but Ole e 1 concentrations were 7.6 times higher. When modeling the origin of the pollen, &gt;40% of Ole e 1 exposure in Évora was explained by high‐potency pollen originating from the south of Spain. Thus, olive pollen can vary substantially in allergen release, even though they are morphologically identical.
SUBCUTANEOUS NODULES IN RHEUMATOID (CHRONIC INFECTIOUS) ARTHRITIS
Authors: M. H. DAWSON
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The occurrence of subcutaneous nodules in patients suffering from  fever has long been recognized and has been the subject of intensive investigation by many workers. Carey Coombs1has recently stated that of all manifestations of orthodox  infection—carditis, polyarthritis, subcutaneous nodules and chorea—the subcutaneous nodule is the most rheumatic of all. Swift2and other investigators have from time to time expressed similar views. Considerably less attention, however, has been paid to the subcutaneous nodules that occur in patients afflicted with rheumatoid arthritis3notwithstanding the fact that in this disease such a manifestation is an even more striking phenomenon.  One of the oldest and, at the same time, one of the most complete descriptions of these nodules is that given by C. O. Hawthorne4in a monograph in which he describes the occurrence of subcutaneous nodules in a series of six patients and expresses the opinion
Common Problems in Office Practice: Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Gilbert M. Eisner
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This short, soft-cover book focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of problems frequently encountered in the office of a family physician. Dr. Taylor has an easy style and spices the text with a number of interesting or amusing quotations. However, despite the book's readability, the author fails to achieve his goals, to "offer up-to-date advice to the established physician" and to "save the new practitioner much trial-and-error learning." The major reason for failure is that the author does not deal with the various problems in sufficient depth to be truly useful. In the section on arteriosclerosis he writes "Hardening of the coronary arteries may result in angina pectoris and may precede an acute myocardial infarction." Surely, no trained physician learns anything from such a statement. On the other hand, a few paragraphs later, in discussing hyperlipidemia he states that if dietary restriction doesn't work, prescribe clofibrate; there is no attention
Seizures due to hyponatremia following polyethylene glycol preparation; a report of two cases
Authors: M. Baeg, J. Park, S. Ko, G. Min, K. Lee, J. Yang, C. Lim, S. Kim, M.-G. Choi
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Colonoscopic screening and adenoma removal have been reported to reduce deaths from colorectal cancer [1] [2]. Proper bowel preparation is needed for adequate visualization of the colonic mucosa [3]. Issues concerning the safety of oral sodium phosphate have been raised, so guidelines recommend the use of polyethylene glycol (PEG) [3] [4]. It has been reported that using PEG for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy does not cause any electrolyte disturbances [5]. However, there have also been reports of serious adverse events related to PEG use [4] [6].
Splenectomy in plasma cell dyscrasias: A review of the clinical practice
Authors: Prashant Kapoor, Ekta Singh, Priya Radhakrishnan, Paulette Mehta
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Plasma cell dyscrasias are a group of clinically and biochemically diverse disorders of unknown etiology, characterized by the disproportionate proliferation of one or more clones of B cells, and the presence of a structurally and electrophoretically homogeneous (monoclonal) immunoglobulin or polypeptide subunit in serum or urine. The role of splenectomy in the management of plasma cell dyscrasias has not been well defined. Using MEDLINE, the authors searched the English‐language published literature from the year 1970 through September 2005 to determine the indications for splenectomy in plasma cell dyscrasias. A review of the literature in humans and animals supported the idea that the spleen provides a special microenvironment favorable for homing or differentiation of IgM producing B cells, and splenectomy can, at times, lead to remission in Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. The other reported reasons for splenectomy in plasma cell dyscrasias are hypersplenism‐related pancytopenia, control of splenic plasmacytomas, and management of a splenic abscess. Splenic infiltration in primary amyloidosis can be an indication for splenectomy, where removal of a large spleen can also reverse an acquired factor X deficiency. Thus, the spleen can be considered a potential target organ for management of plasma cell dyscrasias, and therapeutic success has been achieved with removal of this organ. However, splenectomy can be a potentially morbid procedure in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias, and major postoperative complications include infection, hemorrhage, and thrombosis. Am. J. Hematol., 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FRI0495 Anti-Ro52 Antibodies Are Strongly Associated with Lung Fibrosis in a Nation-Wide Cohort of Mixed Connective Tissue Disease (MCTD):
Authors: R. Gunnarsson, E. Taraldsrud, F. El-Hage, T.M. Aaløkken, J. Haydon, T. Garen, Ø. Molberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Somatostatin (SST14) is strongly related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), as its levels decline during aging, it regulates the proteolytic degradation of the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ), and it binds to Aβ oligomers <i>in vivo</i>. Recently, the 3D structure of a membrane-associated β-sheet pore forming tetramer (βPFO<sub>Aβ(1-42)</sub> tetramer) has been reported. Here we show that SST14 binds selectively to the βPFO<sub>Aβ(1-42)</sub> tetramer without binding to monomeric Aβ(1-42). Specific NMR chemical shift perturbations, observed during titration of SST14, define a binding site in the βPFO<sub>Aβ(1-42)</sub> tetramer and are in agreement with a 2:1 stoichiometry determined by both native MS and ITC. These results enabled us to perform driven docking and model the binding mode for the interaction. The present study provides additional evidence on the relation between SST14 and the amyloid cascade, as well as positions the βPFO<sub>Aβ(1-42)</sub> tetramer as a relevant aggregation form of Aβ and as a potential target for AD.
Whole-body MRI as a new screening tool for detecting axial and peripheral manifestations of spondyloarthritis
Authors: C E Althoff, H Appel, M Rudwaleit, J Sieper, I Eshed, B Hamm, K-G A Hermann
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

Involvement of the axial skeleton is a characteristic feature of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Asymmetrical arthritis and enthesitis of the peripheral joints are found in about 30–60% of patients.1–3

A 52-year-old patient with a history of psoriasis reported inflammatory back pain, painful ankles and knees and severe morning stiffness on admission. The physical examination revealed tender entheses at different locations: upper thoracic spine, lumbar spinous processes, both iliac crests and posterior superior iliac spines. Furthermore, there was tenderness of both sacroiliac joints, both knees and both ankles without joint swelling.

HLA-B27 antigen was negative. The sedimentation rate (70/76) and levels of C reactive protein (1.48 mg/dl) were increased. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Activity Index was 6.0, and the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index was 4.6. Radiographs of the pelvis showed bilateral grade 3 sacroiliitis. Thus, ankylosing spondylitis (AS) associated with psoriasis was diagnosed. Treatment on admission comprised methotrexate (15 mg/week) and prednisolone (5 mg/day). Whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) was performed on a special 1.5 T scanner (Avanto, Siemens, Germany) for evaluation of the extent of suspected widespread inflammatory lesions. Images of the entire body, excluding the hands, were acquired in a head-to-toe scan using parallel imaging and a whole-body surface coil …
Abstract P6-05-15: Analysis of Ki-67 index on normal breast tissue of premenopausal women exposed to tamoxifen and raloxifene: A randomized, double-blind study
Authors: BB Da Silva, PV Lopes-Costa, MA Rosal, LH Gebrim
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Raloxifene and tamoxifen were approved for breast cancer chemoprevention in women at high risk for the disease, when only clinical and epidemiological studies were considered. Nevertheless, experimental studies that compare the effects of tamoxifen and raloxifene on proliferative activity in normal breast tissue and adopt a more precise method using monoclonal antibodies (particularly Ki-67, because of its sensitivity) are scarce. Methods: A randomized, double-blind study was conducted in 57 ovulatory, premenopausal women aged 18-40 years, who had been diagnosed with fibroadenoma of the breast. The study was approved by the Internal Review Board of the Federal University of Piauí. All patients signed a written informed consent term prior to admission. The patients were divided into three statistically homogeneous groups with respect to age, tumor size, parity, and age at menarche: Group A: placebo, n = 20; Group B: tamoxifen 20 mg/daily, n = 21; and Group C: raloxifene 60mg/daily, n = 16. The study medication was administered for 22 days starting at the first day of the menstrual cycle. On the 23rd day, the fibroadenoma was removed and a sample of non-neoplastic breast tissue was collected for immunohistochemical evaluation of Ki-67 expression. A minimum of 1000 cells either stained or not with anti-Ki-67 (MIB-1) antibody were counted in each slide. For statistical data analysis (p&amp;lt;0.05), a logistic model was used for stained cell count in relation to total cells (binomial distribution). Results: The mean percentages of Ki-67-stained nuclei in groups A, B and C were 22.16±1.91, 2.37±0.21 and 2.16±0.18, respectively (p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusion: Exposure to tamoxifen or raloxifene resulted in a significant and similar reduction in proliferative activity of non-neoplastic breast tissue of women of reproductive age evaluated by Ki-67 expression. Thus, further studies must be developed with the objective to validate the prophylactic effect of raloxifene in premenopausal women. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-05-15.
Prevention of Pancreatitis in Patients with Idiopathic Recurrent Pancreatitis: A Prospective Nonblinded Randomized Study Using Endoscopic Stents
Authors: L. Jacob, J. E. Geenen, M. F. Catalano, D. J. Geenen
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Background and Study Aims: Currently there is no available therapy to prevent attacks of acute pancreatitis in patients with idiopathic recurrent pancreatitis (IRP). This randomized, nonblinded prospective, controlled trial was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of pancreatic duct stents in preventing attacks of pancreatitis in IRP.
Differentiation and functional analysis of human TH17 cells
Authors: Simone Burgler, Nadia Ouaked, Claudio Bassin, Tomasz M. Basinski, Pierre-Yves Mantel, Kerstin Siegmund, Norbert Meyer, Cezmi A. Akdis, Carsten B. Schmidt-Weber
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Complete Blood Counts
Authors: RICHARD N. LIND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1987Complete Blood CountsRICHARD N. LIND, M.D.RICHARD N. LIND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-775_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Shapiro and Greenfield (1) would have us believe that the complete blood count is not a useful screening procedure in general medical practice. This study sponsored by Blue Cross and Blue Shield raises serious questions. The article's inferences are broad but it is based on studies that quite possibly were done with the same financial motive shared by third-party payers. How many of the patients in Elwood and associates' (2) study without "serious illness" causing their anemia had treatable conditions that went unidentified because of inadequate further work-up? How many patients with stools negative for occult blood...References1. SHAPIROGREENFIELD MS. The complete blood count and leukocyte differential count: an approach to their rational application. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:65-74. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ELWOODWATERSGREENWOOD PWWM. Evaluation of a screening survey for anemia in adult non-pregnant women. Br Med J. 1967;4:714-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. KAPLANSHEINERBOECKMANN ELA. The usefulness of preoperative laboratory screening. JAMA. 1985;253:3576-81. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ELWOODWATERSGREENWOOD PWWM. Evaluation of a screening survey for anemia in adult non-pregnant women. Br Med J. 1967;4:714-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. . Periodic health examination: a guide for designing individualized preventive health care in the asymptomatic patient. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:729-32. LinkGoogle Scholar4. ELWOOD P. Evaluation of the clinical importance of anemia. Am J Clin Nutr. 1973;26:958-64. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SHAPIROGREENFIELD MS. The complete blood count and leukocyte differential count: an approach to their rational application. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:65-74. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByD 1 May 1987Volume 106, Issue 5Page: 775-776KeywordsAnemiaBloodComplete blood count Issue Published: 1 May 1987 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Efficacy of Statewide Neonatal Screening for Cystic Fibrosis by Assay of Trypsinogen Concentrations
Authors: Keith B. Hammond, Steven H. Abman, Ronald J. Sokol, Frank J. Accurso
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of measuring immunoreactive trypsinogen in blood to screen for cystic fibrosis, we performed this test in 279,399 newborns in Colorado from 1982 to 1987.