tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE VALUE OF INSULIN TREATMENT IN UNDER-NOURISHED PSYCHIATRIC PATIENTS
Authors: A. E. Bennett, Elvin V. Semrad
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1936)

Twenty-five psychiatric patients on high caloric diets receiving insulin therapy for malnutrition were compared with 25 cases not receiving insulin therapy; all other conditions being essentially equal. An average of .423 pounds per week excess gain was found in the cases that had received insulin treatment. We believe that this form of treatment is a definite adjuvant in the handling of the psychiatric patient with undernutrition. This form of therapy makes the psychiatric nursing problem easier and tends to make the patient more accessible to receive other therapy and thus shortens convalescence. It should not be considered a specific therapeutic agent and the results obtained must be evaluated along with other operating therapeutic factors.
Rehabilitation of the Hand
Authors: J. V. Jeffs
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Book reviews the skin represents an accurate estimation of intra- articular temperature.As the author states, the lack of evidence for a correlation between intraarticular and overlying skin temperature is rather disquieting.These few examples should serve to illustrate what a stimulating set of reviews this book comprises.At the price it must be one of the top priorities in the selection of book buys.
PREOPERATIVE CARDIOVASCULAR RISK STRATIFICATION USING CARDIAC COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING INTERMEDIATE RISK NON-CARDIAC SURGERY
Authors: Jeong Rang Park, Jong Hwa Ahn, Jin Yong Hwang, Choong Hwan Kwach, Yonghwi Park, Seok Jae Hwang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
THE PROPERTIES OF CERTAIN "COLLOIDAL" PREPARATIONS OF METALS
Authors: A. J. Clark
Journal: BMJ (1923)

Thz BrusE 273To-day zoologists include extinct as well as living animals in their lists.Before Darwin classification was a mania, since Darwin zoologists persistently endeavour to bridge gaps.Hunter's fossils turned Owen's thoughts to palaeontology and led men to take an interest in -, g,./4animals, huge and weird, that once moved about the earth and then passed into the twilight and silence of the past.THE ORATION.*A man who achieves greatness in any calling inspires others to follow his example.No man retains prominence I, = Dunless' he has imlfressed athers -a | to believe in.him and.maguify.his name.Thosewho, have, been closely associated with a masterful teacher and speak well of lhim are ooften.mockingly called, disciples by his FIG.12.-Young kangaroo hang-contemporaries.Mainy who ing on the teat by its liPs, during: the lifetime, of a great.(Museum, Royal, College of Sur- geon.)'investigator or a reformer were detractors are often-loudest in appraising him when dead., When our friends are alive we hesitate to say much about them in their presence- except in after-dinner speeches.As soon as they are dead we are apt, in.a paroxysm of sympathy, to over- praise their work.Hunter was in, advance of his time; his contemporaries could not appreciate the value of his work, and some of his later admirers overrate it.The delivery of the Oration is justified.It is necessary to reunind men of their benefactors; even the holiest saints require to have their names preserved by shrines, chantries, cathedrals, or festivals.Are there not saints' days in the calendar of every church-Protestant,.Greek, or Roman?Aesculapius had two famous sons: of these Machaon healed injuries, and Podalirius could recognize what was not visible to the eye and tended what could not be healed.They served with the army in the Trojan war.Podalirius, return- vX ing from the war, w a s wrecked at Caria,.Asia, Minor.He had the good, luck to cure a pmincess-of falling sick..ness (probably hys-' 'tmim,ad in con- sequence acquired a great;rep:utation.i I R'he Carians, ahEr MACAQARN Uhis death, bui.t him a templeand paia him divine holnour .ij.This temple has long since disappeared,.but his efliy survives on the;Collbge seal.TThe essential work of Hunter's rlfe was the useful specimens he prepared and leftfor successors, These specimens, safe- guarded by faithful Clift, catalogued by sagacious Owen and Paget, and such able curators as Flower and Shattock, are now in the care of Keith, who lacks none of Hunter's enthu- siasm but totally eclipses him in the art of exposition.The Museum was never in safer custody.If I could believe the soul of maa survives the dissolution of his body, I would believe the spirit of John Hunter haunts the galleries of this wonderful Museum, but I do believe
Quinacrine Ochronosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Merrill J. Egorin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

BLUE-BLACK mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation has been reported as a consequence of therapy with quinacrine hydrochloride and related antimalarial drugs.<sup>1-3</sup>Similar discoloration occurs with the metabolic disorder alcaptonuria and is associated with pigment deposition in articular cartilage and premature degenerative joint disease. Ludwig et al<sup>4</sup>reported a single case of quinacrine ochronosis and postulated an association between the pigmentation of the skin and premature lumbar degenerative arthropathy. Joint tissue has not, however, been described in any case of antimalarial hyperpigmentation. This report describes a patient treated for rheumatoid arthritis with quinacrine in whom the classic skin changes of antimalarial ochronosis developed. In the course of her management, joint tissue became available for histologic study; the findings of the examination of this tissue form the basis for this report. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 58-year-old woman had a 25-year history of chronic deforming rheumatoid arthritis. Her course has been one of
Sensitivities and Specificities of Diagnostic Tests-Reply
Authors: John M. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I appreciate the comments from Dr Swets. In fact, his 1966 book<sup>1</sup>played a major role in my education on signal detection theory. He is, of course, quite right in stating that variability in decision criteria can<i>ceteris paribus</i>lead to considerable differences in the sensitivities and specificities reported for a diagnostic test. In earlier drafts of my article, I displayed the curves that Dr Swets has presented, but came to slightly different conclusions. Clearly, for certain diagnostic tests, it is possible that different observers might use different criteria for defining a positive test result, and it is possible that the resultant sensitivities and specificities might fall on a typical ROC curve. Likely examination results for which this effect might be observed are ultrasound, lymphangiography, and mammography—tests where there is wide latitude for observer interpretation. My graphs of the data for these tests were similar to Dr
Breast Reconstruction Following Mastectomy
Authors: Reuven K. Snyderman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The modern era of breast reconstruction is now about ten years old. It is important for the plastic surgeon working in this field to have a thorough knowledge of the treatment of breast cancer. Georgiade and his colleagues at the Duke University School of Medicine have put together in this book of less than 300 pages a review of all the material that is necessary for the complete understanding of the problems of breast cancer and its aftermath. There is ample discussion of the surgical anatomy of the breast. Modern-day treatment of breast cancer is reviewed. The authors deal in-depth with the clinical significance of histopathologic lesions. The separation of the woman from her tumor is not the end of her care but only the beginning. The psychological effects of her experience with her mastectomy are well documented. When carrying out reconstruction following mastectomy, the plastic surgeon must deal with
680 HBV PHENOSCRIPT®: AN IN VITRO HIGH THROUGHPUT ASSAY FOR TESTING DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY OF HBV STRAINS ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS
Authors: S. Durantel, S. Lebel Binay, S. Villet, C. Pichoud, K. Skrabal, J.L. Faudon, F. Zoulim, L. Barraud
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
P53 Fast Track TB Radiology: A Bit of a Bonsai or a Tree in Bud?
Authors: GS Bhat, F Oyesanya, J Cleverley, C Cash, J Goldring, I Cropley, MCI Lipman Royal
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Background</h3> Prompt diagnosis is central to effective tuberculosis(TB) management. To minimise clinician related delay, we developed a pathway where imaging suggestive of active TB is flagged for review by specialist radiologists and the TB service at a weekly meeting. If required, the patient is then fast-tracked for clinical assessment by the TB team. <h3>Methods</h3> Prospective study of patients referred to our radiology service June 2011–February 2012 with imaging flagged as suspicious of TB. Case management, diagnosis and final outcome were recorded. <h3>Results</h3> 68 subjects, median age 45 years (range 1–91), were studied. Of the flagged images, 38 were chest radiographs, 28 CT chest +/– abdomen, 1 CT head and 1 MRI spine. 32 (47%) were reported to be highly suspicious for TB. The remaining 36 (53%) had changes such as apical scarring, pleural effusion and/or mediastinal lymphadenopathy where TB was part of the differential diagnosis. 19 (28%) of the radiological referrals were from Primary Care &amp; 12 (18%) Accident &amp; Emergency (A &amp; E). 59 of 68 (87%) were seen in a TB clinic at a median time from date of imaging to appointment of 13 days (range 1 –100). 18 (31%) had a final diagnosis of active TB. 3 were already on TB treatment, and the remaining 15 started a median 24 days from the time of imaging. Apart from TB, common final diagnoses included bacterial or NTM infection, bronchiectasis and sarcoidosis. 4/19 (21%) of GP and 3/12 (25%) A &amp; E referrals had active TB. Patients not seen in a TB clinic were referred to other clinical services (4 cases – all with significant pathology) or no action taken following specialist review of their imaging (5). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The fast track service has a high yield for TB and other significant pathologies. Almost half of the reviews arose following Primary Care or A &amp; E imaging. Prompt specialist imaging review is associated with rapid and appropriate triage to TB and other services. Further work will compare this approach to standard care pathways.
Expression of vascular permeability factor (vascular endothelial growth factor) by epidermal keratinocytes during wound healing.
Authors: L F Brown, K T Yeo, B Berse, T K Yeo, D R Senger, H F Dvorak, L van de Water
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Persistent microvascular hyperpermeability to plasma proteins even after the cessation of injury is a characteristic but poorly understood feature of normal wound healing. It results in extravasation of fibrinogen that clots to form fibrin, which serves as a provisional matrix and promotes angiogenesis and scar formation. We present evidence indicating that vascular permeability factor (VPF; also known as vascular endothelial growth factor) may be responsible for the hyperpermeable state, as well as the angiogenesis, that are characteristic of healing wounds. Hyperpermeable blood vessels were identified in healing split-thickness guinea pig and rat punch biopsy skin wounds by their capacity to extravasate circulating macromolecular tracers (colloidal carbon, fluoresceinated dextran). Vascular permeability was maximal at 2-3 d, but persisted as late as 7 d after wounding. Leaky vessels were found initially at the wound edges and later in the subepidermal granulation tissue as keratinocytes migrated to cover the denuded wound surface. Angiogenesis was also prominent within this 7-d interval. In situ hybridization revealed that greatly increased amounts of VPF mRNA were expressed by keratinocytes, initially those at the wound edge, and, at later intervals, keratinocytes that migrated to cover the wound surface; occasional mononuclear cells also expressed VPF mRNA. Secreted VPF was detected by immunofluoroassay of medium from cultured human keratinocytes. These data identify keratinocytes as an important source of VPF gene transcript and protein, correlate VPF expression with persistent vascular hyperpermeability and angiogenesis, and suggest that VPF is an important cytokine in wound healing.
The Migraine Syndrome
Authors: OLIVER T. OSBORNE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

Article1 November 1932The Migraine SyndromeOLIVER T. OSBORNE, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.OLIVER T. OSBORNE, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-5-691 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA very interesting research on migraine by R. M. Balyeat and H. J. Rinkel (ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE, 1931, v, 713-728) causes me to offer the results of my long study of the causative factors of this painful disease or syndrome. Also, I believe that we should study this syndrome from all angles.In the first place, I agree with the above writers that the cyclic vomiting of young children is a migraine symptom. Secondly, I also find that those afflicted with migraine very commonly have their attacks become less frequent or entirely disappear after about forty-five years of age.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: OLIVER T. OSBORNE, M.A., M.D., F.A.C.P.Affiliations: New Haven, Connecticut PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBeziehungen zwischen dem migränösen und dem epileptischen Formenkreise (Migräne, ophthalmoplegische Migräne, Meniéreanfälle, epileptische Anfälle) 1 November 1932Volume 6, Issue 5Page: 691-696KeywordsChildrenMigraineVomiting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1932 PDF downloadLoading ...
Boxing Makes More Headlines Than Usual and a Lot of the News Hasn't Been Good
Authors: Virginia S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1989)

WHEN A YOUNG man can lose a fight and still earn as much as $13 million for 91 seconds of being punched, it may be unrealistic to expect that potentially grave health risks will deter the continuation of professional boxing. Even though few professional boxers ever stand to reap the financial rewards of current heavyweight champion Mike Tyson or challenger Michael Spinks (whom Tyson knocked out in about a minute and a half), their success seems to keep the dream alive for some youngsters.  However, amateur boxing is about to come under closer scrutiny again. Juan Antonio Samarach, president of the International Olympic Committee (IOC), supports boxing but announced at the conclusion of the Games in Seoul that the IOC is studying a suggestion to drop it as an Olympic sport. A similar study was made in 1984. The IOC's Executive Committee reviewed the status of boxing at its meeting
Discrete Roles of STAT4 and STAT6 Transcription Factors in Tuning Epigenetic Modifications and Transcription during T Helper Cell Differentiation
Authors: Lai Wei, Golnaz Vahedi, Hong-Wei Sun, Wendy T. Watford, Hiroaki Takatori, Haydee L. Ramos, Hayato Takahashi, Jonathan Liang, Gustavo Gutierrez-Cruz, Chongzhi Zang, Weiqun Peng, John J. O'Shea, Yuka Kanno
Journal: Immunity (2010)
Corticosteroids in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D M Reid
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

<b>6</b> <h3><b>Objectives</b></h3> The invasion status of lymph nodes (LN) surrounding a tumor is a critical indicator of cancer stage. Multimodality imaging approaches have demonstrated improved accuracy and detectability of sites of disease. We have developed a multimodal PET/MR nanoparticle contrast agent for enhanced detection of LN. For genuine translational potential, we have used an existing approved iron oxide nanoparticle formulation with mild chemical modification for 89Zr radiolabeling. <h3><b>Methods</b></h3> Iron oxide nanoparticles (ferumoxytol) were modified using carbodiimide chemistry and conjugated to desferoxamine for 89Zr radiolabeling. Axillary LN drainage from the forelimb as well as pelvic drainage following intraprostatic injection in both healthy and Myc-driven transgenic models of prostate cancer were investigated by PET/MR. The signal enhancement of draining nodes by MR and PET imaging was analyzed over 24 h post-injection and correlated to biodistribution and immuno-histochemistry. <h3><b>Results</b></h3> Modified ferumoxytol displayed 132 amine residues per particle. 89Zr-labeled compound attained a 99.5% or greater purity for, and was stable for 48 h. High-resolution and sensitive imaging of the draining axillary and brachial LN could be made by PET/MR following intradermal forelimb injection. Intraprostatic injections revealed detailed LN drainage networks from the prostate; used to plan surgical excision of the nodes. Subsequent verification of the removal of these nodes was made by ex vivo PET. <h3><b>Conclusions</b></h3> 89Zr-ferumoxytol enables detailed mapping of LN for pre-operative planning as well as immediate confirmation of successful removal. This indicates that a radiolabeled derivative of an established and clinically approved nanoparticle can be used for high-sensitivity and anatomically specific imaging by PET/MR. <h3><b>Research Support</b></h3> NIH R25T Molecular Imaging in Oncology Fellowship (5R25CA096945-07) and 2011 SNM Postdoctoral Molecular Imaging Scholar Award.
PRACTICE OF MEDICINE AND THE PRESS
Authors: Lawrence L. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I presume you have read some of the recent articles in the St. Louis<i>Star</i>, exposing the existence of the "Medical Diploma Mill" and the fraudulent purveyors of fake high school credits. The medical men of Missouri, of course, like all decent men everywhere, are ready to do all they can to help bring criminals of whatever sort to justice. But is this paper's thinly veiled attitude of unfriendliness toward the regular medical profession necessary to rid the state of these shrewd rascals? It is demanding loudly and persistently that the medical profession reform itself. Now let us go back a year or two. When the Missouri legislature was in session in 1922, a bill was introduced for the purpose of lowering the standard of medical education in Missouri. This proposed bill was to open the way by which untrained men could with much less difficulty obtain
<sup>18</sup> F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in evaluation of primary cutaneous lymphoma
Authors: R. Kumar, Y. Xiu, H.M. Zhuang, A. Alavi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background The diagnosis of primary cutaneous lymphoma (PCL) is currently based on clinical and histological findings and/or relatively invasive procedures such as bone marrow and fine‐needle lymph node biopsies. Although computed tomography (CT) is a noninvasive imaging modality that is widely used for staging in patients with lymphoma, it cannot provide information about malignant cutaneous lesions. Objectives To investigate the usefulness of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)–positron emission tomography (PET) in the management of PCL. Methods We retrospectively analysed 31 FDG‐PET studies in 19 patients with PCL [15 T‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and four B‐cell NHL]. There were 10 men and nine women (age range 23–84 years, mean ± SD 54 ± 16). Eleven FDG‐PET studies were performed for initial staging and 20 FDG‐PET studies were performed for restaging following therapy. Results of FDG‐PET were compared with those of CT. Clinical parameters and/or biopsy results of lesions served as reference for the accuracy of PET and CT in evaluating local and metastatic lesions. Results For the initial staging, FDG‐PET had a sensitivity of 82% for the evaluation of local disease and 80% for the detection of distant metastasis. The corresponding values for CT were 55% and 100%, respectively. For restaging of cutaneous lymphoma, FDG‐PET had a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of 92% for local recurrence/residual disease and a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100% for distant metastasis. The corresponding values for CT were 50% and 83% for local recurrence/residual disease and 100% and 67% for distant metastasis. Conclusions FDG‐PET has a potential value for initial staging and restaging following therapy in patients with PCL. FDG‐PET has higher diagnostic value than CT in the detection both of local disease and distant metastasis.
Regular Review: Interferon for treatment: the dust settles
Authors: D Galvani, S D Griffiths, J C Cawley
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The first clinical trial of leucocyte interferon began in 1972 at the Karolinska Institute when it was used to treat osteosarcoma.1 Other malignancies were also treated, and expectations ran high that this new biological response modifier would be a breakthrough in cancer treatment. The drug's efficacy was, however, overstated. In the words of one of the first people to use interferon: Much second class research was carried out with third class preparations slightly contaminated with interferon.2
Response to Comment on: Boronat et al. Differences in Cardiovascular Risk Profile of Diabetic Subjects Discordantly Classified by Diagnostic Criteria Based on Glycated Hemoglobin and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. Diabetes Care 2010;33:2671–2673
Authors: Mauro Boronat, Francisco J. Nóvoa
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

We appreciate the efforts of Kramer and Araneta (1) to investigate whether our findings are reproducible in the Rancho Bernardo cohort. In apparent contrast to our results (2), they observed that subjects with diabetic oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) but A1C <6.5% displayed a more unfavorable cardiovascular risk profile than subjects with A1C ≥6.5% (1). However, as noted by the authors, groups used for comparison in both studies were not homogeneous. All analyzed …
Adrenal failure in bronchial asthma.
Authors: R M Cayton, P Howard
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Infectious MononucleosisSIR,-The "new look" at infectious mono- nucleosis by Dr. H. Pullen (12 May, p. 350), though certainly including much sound clinical information, hardly justifies the epithet "new."The very brief, almost scathing, reference to the possible aetiological role of E.B. virus will, for example, have disappointed those seeking recent information.Even a brief consideration of the past four years' work on this virus could have provided plausible reasons for some of the observations left unexplained under the headings of "Infectivity" and "Transmission."
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes in eosinophilic esophagitis
Authors: M. Bhutani, B. Moparty, C. Chaya, V. Schnadig, R. Logrono
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 29-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of dysphagia and chest pain. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a narrowed mid-esophagus with smooth mucosa (Figure [1]). Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) was performed, which showed loss of echo layers, esophageal wall thickening (Figure [2]), and enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes (Figure [3]). EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) of these lymph nodes was not performed at this stage because the patient was agitated. Endoscopic biopsies from the mid-esophagus showed eosinophilic esophagitis with > 15 eosinophils per high-power field. He was treated with Advair (fluticasone/salmeterol) for 1 month by his physician and the dysphagia resolved.