tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ribosomal protein S6 is hyperactivated and differentially phosphorylated in epidermal lesions of patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
Authors: M.T. Ruf, A. Andreoli, P. Itin, G. Pluschke, P. Schmid
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

The ribosomal protein S6 is part of the translation machinery and is activated by phosphorylation via the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway, which is activated in psoriatic skin.To investigate which S6 sites are phosphorylated in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis (AD), and to study whether S6 phosphorylation is associated with inflammation and/or keratinocyte hyperproliferation.Healthy skin and skin lesions of patients with psoriasis and AD were investigated by immunostaining using antibodies that stain proliferating cells, leucocytes and distinct phosphorylated sites of S6.All psoriasis and AD lesions revealed abnormal S6 phosphorylation in the epidermis. The extent of S6 phosphorylation was diverse, generally stronger in psoriasis and correlated, in both diseases, with inflammation. S6 showed differential phosphorylation in distinct epidermal layers, which was most pronounced in hyperproliferative regions.Differential S6 phosphorylation may have a role in abnormal keratinocyte proliferation/differentiation.
The safety of high dose intravenous dipyridamole-echocardiography test
Authors: Eugenio Picano, Salvatore Pirelli, Andrés Orlandini, Stefano Maffei, Leonardo Bolognese, Maurizio D'Urbano, Gian Paolo Chiriatti, Franco Torre, Pantaleo Giannuzzi, Francesco Chiarella, Luciano Agati, Claudio Coletta, Massimo Quarta Colosso, Enrico Cabani, Nicola Ferrara, Miguel Lowenstein, Maria Grazia Sclavo, Franca Margaria, Ornella Magaia, Domenico Papagna, Federico Bianchi, Annamaria Lusa, Giovanni Seveso, Annamaria Mazzone, Cecilia Marini, Fabio Lattanzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
The Double-Stranded RNA-Binding Protein PACT Functions as a Cellular Activator of RIG-I to Facilitate Innate Antiviral Response
Authors: Kin-Hang Kok, Pak-Yin Lui, Ming-Him James Ng, Kam-Leung Siu, Shannon Wing Ngor Au, Dong-Yan Jin
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2011)
The Cell Biology of Experimental Pancreatitis
Authors: Michael L. Steer, Jacopo Meldolesi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

ACUTE pancreatitis is usually distinguished from chronic pancreatitis by assessing whether the pancreas was normal in structure or function before the onset of the disease.1 In the United States, chronic pancreatitis is most often associated with chronic alcohol abuse, whereas acute pancreatitis is usually associated with biliary tract stones. A number of studies, most notably that by Acosta and Ledesma,2 have shown that attacks of "gallstone pancreatitis" occur when the stones become impacted in the terminal common bile duct or pass through the sphincter of Oddi into the duodenum.How stones that pass through or become lodged in the terminal . . .
Reconstitution of invariant chain function in transgenic mice in vivo by individual p31 and p41 isoforms
Authors: Idit Shachar, Eileen A. Elliott, Beth Chasnoff, Iqbal S. Grewal, Richard A. Flavell
Journal: Immunity (1995)

MHC class II molecules associate with invariant chain (li) during biosynthesis. If facilitates folding of class II molecules, interferes with their association with peptides, and is involved in their transport. The murine Ii gene encodes two chains, p31 and p41. The role of these isoforms has been studied in vitro only in inappropriate antigen-presenting cells. To circumvent this problem, we have generated invariant chain-deficient mice (delta Ii), which express exclusively the p31 and p41 isoforms. Low level expression of p31 or p41 is not sufficient for rescuing high levels of cell surface class II expression. However, low levels of the typical compact dimer conformation indicative of tight peptide binding are observed. Thus, both isoforms participate in class II folding and assembly. Furthermore, p31 and p41 retrieve the CD4+ T cell population, which is reduced in the (delta Ii) mice. Moreover, the immune response to protein antigen is restored by both isoforms.
Low-cholesterol diet in patients with gall stones taking chenodeoxycholic acid.
Authors: J M Watts, R H Down, M J Whiting
Journal: BMJ (1979)

been evaluating evening primrose oil in dye-free capsules in 14 patients with long-lasting MS, all of whom displayed pyramidal, cerebellar, and posterior column signs and symptoms.They were clinically relatively stable and no patient had had an obvious relapse in the year before starting evening primrose oil.They were assessed clinically using the Kurtzke disability score.Fine motor control was assessed using the B-M manual dexterity test, which involves putting small pins into holes in 60 seconds.Grip strength was assessed by a dynamometer.All the patients had had previous experience with the tests.Eight patients received four 0-6 ml evening primrose oil capsules/
Experimental Psychiatry. V — Psilocybine, a New Psychotogenic Drug
Authors: Max Rinkel, Charles R. Atwell, Albert DiMascio, Jonathan Brown
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

PSILOCYBINE (Fig. 1), the phosphoric ester of 4-hydroxytryptamine, has been established by Hofmann et al.1 2 3 4 as the active principle of the Mexican mushroom family Psilocybe mexicana Heim. The chemists emphasize the fact that this chemical is the only phosphorylated indole compound that is known to occur in nature and that it is remarkable in that it is an indole substituted at the fourth position. The pharmacology of psilocybine5 in animal experiments has been summarized by Cerletti as follows:In the intact animal, it produces pupillary dilatation, pilo-erection, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, hyperglycemia, blood pressure increase, contraction of nictitating membrane. The . . .
Transient Cold Nodule of the Thyroid due to Localized Subacute Thyroiditis
Authors: RUTH HARDOFF, RAFAEL LUBOSHITZKY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

The case of a 9-year-old boy with a transient cold nodule is described. The differential diagnosis includes Hashimoto's thyroiditis and localized subacute thyroiditis. The latter was suspected in spite of a normal sedimentation rate because the tender thyroid nodule responded well to steroid therapy, and thyroid scintigraphy returned to normal two months later. Subacute thyroiditis is uncommon in children; to the best of the authors' knowledge, a localized disease is even rarer.
An RCOR1 loss–associated gene expression signature identifies a prognostically significant DLBCL subgroup
Authors: Fong Chun Chan, Adele Telenius, Shannon Healy, Susana Ben-Neriah, Anja Mottok, Raymond Lim, Marie Drake, Sandy Hu, Jiarui Ding, Gavin Ha, David W. Scott, Robert Kridel, Ali Bashashati, Sanja Rogic, Nathalie Johnson, Ryan D. Morin, Lisa M. Rimsza, Laurie Sehn, Joseph M. Connors, Marco A. Marra, Randy D. Gascoyne, Sohrab P. Shah, Christian Steidl
Journal: Blood (2014)
Granulomatous prostatitis. Association with isolation of Mycobacterium kansasii and Mycobacterium fortuitum
Authors: L. W. Lee
Journal: JAMA (1977)

ISOLATION of atypical mycobacteria from the genitourinary tract has rarely been reported, 1,2 and we are unaware of any reports of isolation of such organisms from the prostate. The case reported here is one of granulomatous prostatitis from which both Mycobacterium kansasii and M fortuitum were isolated by culture.  Report of a Case  A 31-year-old man was first examined in 1966 for burning and frequency of urination associated with deep perineal and back pain. The diagnosis of nonspecific prostatitis was made, and the patient was intermittently treated with urinary antiseptics and prostatic massage for several years. During this time, he refused cystoscopic and roentgenographic studies.  In September 1975, during one of his routine visits, an area of slightly increased induration was palpated in the right lobe of the prostate, and by February 1976, this nodule had increased in size. The nodule was discrete, was 4 to 5 mm in diameter,
Fish Oil Treatment Decreases Superoxide Anions in the Myocardium and Coronary Arteries of Atherosclerotic Monkeys
Authors: Fadilah Supari, Tonny Ungerer, David G. Harrison, J. Koudy Williams
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background This experiment sought to determine the effects of fish oil on superoxide anion production in the myocardium and coronary arteries of atherosclerotic monkeys. Recent evidence indicates that dietary supplementation with fish oil preserves normal vasomotion of atherosclerotic coronary arteries and reduces damage to the myocardium after ischemia and reperfusion, although the mechanisms remain unclear. Methods and Results Adult male cynomolgus monkeys were fed an atherogenic diet with (n=15) or without (n=15) half the fat calories from fish oil. After 12 months, chemiluminescence of lucigenin was used to measure superoxide anion production in coronary arteries and myocardium after 1 hour of ischemia and 2 hours of reperfusion. The signals were calibrated with known quantities of xanthine and xanthine oxidase. Superoxide anion production in ischemic myocardium was (mean±SEM, nmol/mg dry wt per minute) 1±1 and 4±1 in monkeys fed fish oil and not fed fish oil, respectively ( P &lt;.05). Superoxide anion production in coronary arteries not exposed to ischemia and reperfusion was (nmol/mg dry wt per minute) 4±1 and 8±2 in monkeys fed fish oil and not fed fish oil, respectively ( P &lt;.05). Superoxide anion production in coronary arteries was (nmol/mg dry wt per minute) 5±2 and 16±3 in monkeys fed fish oil and not fed fish oil after ischemia and reperfusion, respectively ( P &lt;.05). Conclusions Dietary supplementation with fish oil reduced vascular superoxide anion production and prevented the increase in vascular and myocardial superoxide anion production that accompanied ischemia and reperfusion. These phenomena may underlie some of the beneficial cardiovascular effects of fish oil.
Neuropeptides and the Autonomic Nervous System
Authors: Laurel A. Fisher, Marvin R. Brown
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

Peptides are a class of intercellular messengers that are found in virtually every bodily organ. Evidence is reviewed here that peptides may function physiologically in brain pathways that coordinate and integrate whole-organism responses. The focus is on selected peptides that produce complementary neuro-pharmacological actions on behavior, endocrine secretions and autonomic nervous activity.
Mycobacterium malmoense infections in Scotland: an increasing problem.
Authors: A J France, D T McLeod, M A Calder, A Seaton
Journal: Thorax (1987)

During 1982-4 20 cases of Mycobacterium malmoense infection were identified in Scotland (13 male, seven female; age 34-82, median 62 years). Features of the disease were obtained from case notes and radiographs of 19 patients and were found to be indistinguishable from those of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Chronic chest disease, predominantly chronic airflow obstruction, was the most frequent associated disease. The organisms showed in vitro resistance in eight patients to rifampicin, in 19 patients to isoniazid, and in all patients to pyrazinamide and p-aminosalicylic acid. Nevertheless, all patients showed an early response to standard combination chemotherapy with rifampicin, isoniazid, and ethambutol, with or without pyrazinamide. Five have been cured and none had died of the infection, although four died of unrelated disease. Of nine patients still having treatment, five had relapsed after completing a course of antituberculosis drugs. All had received ethambutol for less than five months. The response to standard drugs was more satisfactory when the course included administration of ethambutol for at least nine months. Currently one new infection with M malmoense occurs in Scotland for every 40 with tuberculosis, and the incidence appears to be rising. In view of this, it is suggested that when tuberculosis is suspected the chemotherapeutic regimen should include ethambutol until the culture results are reported. If these then show M malmoense, ethambutol should be continued in the combination for at least nine months.
Bronchial reactivity in patients with recent pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Authors: M Olafsson, B G Simonsson, S B Hansson
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Non-specific bronchial reactivity was assessed in 17 consecutive non-smoking and non-steroid treated patients with recently diagnosed pulmonary sarcoidosis, 11 with stage I disease and six with stage II disease. Bronchial reactivity was measured by recording the FEV1 after increasing doses of methacholine. Three subjects with asthma were hyperreactive. The 14 subjects with no asthma had a mean FEV1 of 96% predicted. Only one was hyperreactive, with a fall in FEV1 of over 15% after 0.1% methacholine. The median provocative concentration causing a 15% fall in FEV1 did not differ from that in a normal population studied previously. It is concluded that sarcoidosis seldom induces airway hyperreactivity within one year of diagnosis in patients with normal spirometric values.
How to Take HIV Antiretroviral Medications on Time without a Watch in Rural Uganda
Authors: Marissa Maier, Mwebesa Bwana, Nneka Emenyonu, Larry Pepper, David R Bangsberg
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Castro has advocated that adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy should be understood within a patients clinical and social context. Over 90% of worldwide HIV infection occurs in resource-limited settings. Some have suggested that individuals living in extreme poverty may have difficulties with adherence to medication including Andrew Natisios who said Africans dont know what Western time is. While recent reports suggest that adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings may be as good as or better than resource-rich settings the question remains: how do people take medications on time without a watch? In rural western Uganda there is for example a 40-year-old man who is HIV-positive has no education and works as a farmer. He lives with his brother sister-in-law and three nieces in a three-room mud-walled house without electricity.   (excerpt)
Abstract 3222: Broad spectrum metabolite profiling reveals metabolic finger and footprinting which correlate to gene expression signatures of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Authors: Alexander Beatty, Lauren Fink, Alexander Strigun, Ulrike Rennefahrt, Oliver Schmitz, Hajo Schiewe, Niels Moeller, Patricia R. Noppinger, Regina Reszka, Jeffrey R. Peterson
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract TNBC constitutes ∼20% of all breast cancers and disproportionately affects younger women and African-American women. This genomically heterogeneous disease is defined by the lack of expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and the lack of amplification of HER2/neu. TNBC is resistant to standard breast cancer therapies. Due to the lack of a predominant genetic lesion associated with the disease, identification of metabolic fingerprints within TNBC is a critical first step for identification of molecular drivers and development of targeted therapies. Metabolite profiling (metabolomics) of a wide range of metabolites can be used to globally profile the metabolic state of cancer cells. Nine widely used TNBC-derived cell lines already characterized by gene expression signatures were analyzed by metabolomics. Two different approaches were combined: (i) untargeted, broad profiling including LC-MS/MS and GC-MS, and (ii) targeted UPLC-MS/MS Energy platform technology which covers polar key metabolites mainly reflecting energy status and nucleotide biosynthesis. Finally, 239 high quality metabolites were statistically evaluated in cell lysates and 128 metabolites in spent media samples collected from all cell lines. Using innovative bioinformatics and data mining tools we identified metabolic alterations in energy utilization, lipid synthesis, and other pathways of importance to highly proliferative cells that differ significantly from an untransformed control cell line (MCF-10A). Major metabolic changes combining results of metabolic fingerprinting and footprinting and their biological relevance will be discussed. Citation Format: Alexander Beatty, Lauren Fink, Alexander Strigun, Ulrike Rennefahrt, Oliver Schmitz, Hajo Schiewe, Niels Moeller, Patricia R. Noppinger, Regina Reszka, Jeffrey R. Peterson. Broad spectrum metabolite profiling reveals metabolic finger and footprinting which correlate to gene expression signatures of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3222. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3222
Teenagers need special health services they can get outside school hours
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Teenagers are being let down by the NHS because they cannot get the health services they need, says a report. They worry about going to their GP because of confidentiality issues, but the health service has few specialist or discrete clinics where young people feel comfortable talking about their problems.

Unlike in other age groups, in which the death rate has fallen, the number of adolescents dying today is the same as it was 50 years ago, says the report from child health experts.

The …
Debendox in early pregnancy and fetal malformation.
Authors: D M Fleming, J D Knox, D L Crombie
Journal: BMJ (1981)

During the mid-1960s, 22 977 pregnant women in Scotland and England were followed up prospectively for the incidence of malformations in their infants evident at birth or within six weeks. During the first 13 weeks of gestation 620 of these women had been prescribed Debendox (dicyclomine-doxylamine-pyridoxine) and 743 other women agents other than Debendox containing pyridoxine. Of the 620 women given Debendox, 589 (95%) had a normal outcome of pregnancy, 8 (13%) delivered a malformed infant, and 23 (3.7%) had other outcomes. Of the 22 357 women who were given Debendox, 445 (2.0%) produced infants with malformation; and the rates for all abnormal outcomes among women given Debendox and those not given the drug were 5.0% and 5.4% respectively. These results support the hypothesis that Debendox is not teratogenic.
NF-κB/STAT5/miR-155 network targets PU.1 in FLT3-ITD-driven acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: D Gerloff, R Grundler, A A Wurm, D Bräuer-Hartmann, C Katzerke, J-U Hartmann, V Madan, C Müller-Tidow, J Duyster, D G Tenen, D Niederwieser, G Behre
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Abstract 3126: Tumor heterogeneity in glioblastoma is an active process driven by a mutant EGFR-induced paracrine circuit
Authors: Maria-del-Mar Inda, Rudy Bonavia, Dinah WY Sah, Scott Vandenberg, Cameron Brennan, Terrance G. Johns, Philipp Hadwiger, Pamela Tan, Webster K. Cavenee, Frank B. Furnari
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Amplification and mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene (EGFR), resulting in the common and oncogenic EGFRvIII (ΔEGFR) variant, is a signature pathogenetic event in GBM. Strikingly, despite its greater biological activity than wildtype EGFR (wtEGFR), only a minority of cancer cells in the primary tumor possess the hallmark ΔEGFR lesion, while the remainder of cancer cells express wtEGFR. We hypothesized that the ΔEGFR-expressing subpopulation provides enhanced tumorigenicity to the entire tumor cell population through a paracrine mechanism. Using a combination of mixed tumor engraftments and biochemical analysis of paracrine factors and signaling pathways activation, we determined that human glioma tissues, glioma cell lines, glioma stem cells and primary mouse astrocytes, that express ΔEGFR each secrete IL-6 and/or LIF cytokines. This then prompts a novel interaction between the receptor that is common to these cytokines, gp130, and wtEGFR in neighboring cells that express amplified levels of EGFR, resulting in co-receptor activation and tumor growth enhancement. Ablating IL-6, LIF or gp130 uncouples this cellular cross-talk and potently attenuates tumor growth enhancement. These findings demonstrate that the heterogeneity which characterizes GBM, and perhaps other tumors with this feature, does not occur stochastically, but instead can be an actively maintained feature and illuminates a heterotypic cancer cell interaction of potential therapeutic significance. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3126.
Indoor air quality and acute lower respiratory infection in Indian urban slums.
Authors: S Sharma, G R Sethi, A Rohtagi, A Chaudhary, R Shankar, J S Bapna, V Joshi, D G Sapir
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

The present prospective study was conducted at two urban slums of Delhi, Kusumpur Pahari and Kathputly Colony, in the peak winter season from November 1994 through February 1995. We studied 642 infants to determine the incidence of acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI) and its relationship to indoor air pollution due to fuel used for cooking (wood or kerosene). In Kusumpur Pahari, there were 317 children (142 wood and 175 kerosene), including 64 controls and 78 cases of ALRI in the wood fuel group and 81 controls and 94 ALRI cases in the kerosene group (p > 0.05). Out of 316 children in Kathputly Colony (174 wood and 142 kerosene), there were 33 and 45 ALRI cases in the wood and kerosene groups, respectively (p < 0.05). Controls were children without ALRI and were used as controls in different groups. The demographic data and risk factors, namely, nutritional and immunization status, were comparable in ALRI cases and controls in both study areas. Pneumonia was the most common ailment in all the groups. Bronchiolitis was reported in 22.5% of the wood group and 27.1% of the kerosene group in Kathputly Colony versus 13.7% in the wood group and 12.1% in the kerosene group in Kusumpur Colony. Only one case of croup was reported from Kusumpur Pahari among wood users. The duration of illness was longer in the Kusumpur Pahari due to poor compliance, feeding, and child rearing habits. In conclusion, a higher incidence of ALRI was reported in kerosene users in Kathputly Colony, a high pollution area; however, the reasons for the differences observed need further elucidation.
Repair Processes in Arterial Tissue. Biochemical Alterations in Rabbit Aorta Induced by Norepinephrine
Authors: IB LORENZEN
Journal: Circulation Research (1963)

Male albino rabbits were injected intravenously with large doses of l-norepinephrine daily for 15 days. Morphological alterations in the aortae were insignificant but significant increases in the aortic content of acid muco-polysaccharides and in the uptake of S 35 -labeled sulfate in acid mucopolysaccharides were observed in the experimental animals in comparison to saline-injected controls. Increase in the carbazole to orcinol ratio of the acid mucopolysaccharides indicated qualitative, as well as quantitative, alterations. The alterations were interpreted as reparative processes in the arterial wall following injury produced by the intense vasoconstrictor action of norepinephrine. This interpretation finds support in the similarity between the observed alterations and those which occur during wound-healing or which follow exposure to a variety of agents known to damage blood vessels.
False Positive Dynamic Imaging of the Cerebral Circulation Due to a Congenital Anomaly
Authors: GEORGE J. ALKER, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM, YOUNG S. OH, EUGENE V. LESLIE, GLENDA DONOGHUE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

False positive dynamic imaging of the cerebral circulation simulating vascular occlusive disease resulted from a clinically insignificant congenital variation in several patients at our institutions. The anomaly consisted of the asymmetrical caliber of the internal carotid and proximal anterior cerebral arteries. The 1 mm difference in the diameter of the internal carotid arteries was sufficient to be appreciated on dynamic imaging. The frequency of this anomaly was found to be 5% in a series of 200 bilateral carotid angiograms.