tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CD34 Expression by Hair Follicle Stem Cells Is Required for Skin Tumor Development in Mice
Authors: Carol S. Trempus, Rebecca J. Morris, Matthew Ehinger, Amy Elmore, Carl D. Bortner, Mayumi Ito, George Cotsarelis, Joanne G.W. Nijhof, John Peckham, Norris Flagler, Grace Kissling, Margaret M. Humble, Leon C. King, Linda D. Adams, Dhimant Desai, Shantu Amin, Raymond W. Tennant
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract The cell surface marker CD34 marks mouse hair follicle bulge cells, which have attributes of stem cells, including quiescence and multipotency. Using a CD34 knockout (KO) mouse, we tested the hypothesis that CD34 may participate in tumor development in mice because hair follicle stem cells are thought to be a major target of carcinogens in the two-stage model of mouse skin carcinogenesis. Following initiation with 200 nmol 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA), mice were promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) for 20 weeks. Under these conditions, CD34KO mice failed to develop papillomas. Increasing the initiating dose of DMBA to 400 nmol resulted in tumor development in the CD34KO mice, albeit with an increased latency and lower tumor yield compared with the wild-type (WT) strain. DNA adduct analysis of keratinocytes from DMBA-initiated CD34KO mice revealed that DMBA was metabolically activated into carcinogenic diol epoxides at both 200 and 400 nmol. Chronic exposure to TPA revealed that CD34KO skin developed and sustained epidermal hyperplasia. However, CD34KO hair follicles typically remained in telogen rather than transitioning into anagen growth, confirmed by retention of bromodeoxyuridine-labeled bulge stem cells within the hair follicle. Unique localization of the hair follicle progenitor cell marker MTS24 was found in interfollicular basal cells in TPA-treated WT mice, whereas staining remained restricted to the hair follicles of CD34KO mice, suggesting that progenitor cells migrate into epidermis differently between strains. These data show that CD34 is required for TPA-induced hair follicle stem cell activation and tumor formation in mice. [Cancer Res 2007;67(9):4173–81]
TWO UNUSUAL CASES OF ABDOMINAL TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: E. G. Slesinger
Journal: BMJ (1921)

THE two following cases appear to be sufficiently unusual to be worthl recording, partly on account of the difficulties in diagnosis and partly on account of tlle apparent rarity of mesenteric abscess at the ages at wlicih it occurred in these two patients.CASE I.H. P., a male infant aged 5 months, had been noticed to appear ill for ten days.Diarrhoea was present during the whole of this period, the stools being greenish and offenisive, but not containing any blood.The cllild had been taking its food badly and ha(l vomited four times before it was brouglht to the hospital, when it was at once admitted.On admission he looked extremely ill.He was pale, with sunlken face and restless.The abdomen was very greatly disten(led, app)eared to be tender, was resonanut in the middle and dull in the flanlks.The child vomited once in the ward, but the vomit was in no way characteristic.Pulse very feeble, 150 to 160, temperature 1020.The abdomen was too tensely distended for aiything to be palpated, and the most probable diagnosis seeFmed to.be a pneumococcal peritonitis.Laparotomy was performed under a spinal anaesthetic.On
Hemiplegic Migraine — Downstream of a Single-Base Change
Authors: Eric P. Hoffman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Hemiplegic migraine (with or without cerebellar signs), spinocerebellar ataxia, and episodic ataxia can all result from changes in the gene that encodes the P/Q-type neuronal calcium channel, just one of the 35,000 or so genes that make up the human blueprint. The varied consequences of calcium-channel mutations have been a source of consternation for neuroscientists and geneticists. How can different mutations in the same gene result in both paroxysmal and progressive disorders? Why does the clinical expression of disease vary in patients within the same family with the same genetic change, and why is there so much clinical overlap among . . .
Predictive Value of Renin Determinations in Renal Artery Stenosis
Authors: Morton H. Maxwell
Journal: JAMA (1977)

The prognostic value of renal vein and peripheral renin levels was analyzed in 66 patients with unilateral renal artery stenosis who underwent corrective surgery. Patient selection for operation was independent of renin results. Fifty-three percent of those with confirmed renovascular hypertension had renal vein renin ratios less than 2.0, ie, within the 95% confidence limit for the control group of 82 patients with essential hypertension. Thirty-four patients with clearly lateralizing renin data (ipsilateral:contralateral greater than or equal to 1.5 and contralateral:peripheral less than or equal to 1.3) were benefited by operation, but 23 additional patients with nonlateralizing data also benefited. No proposed scheme for renin data analysis detected more than 75% of those with renovascular hypertension. Although lateralizing renin data are highly predictive of operative benefit, nonlateralizing data do not necessarily herald operative failure and should not be dogmatically used to exclude surgical intervention.
Once-Daily Treatment With Beclomethasone Dipropionate Hydrofluoroalkane Nasal Aerosol (320 mcg/d) Is Not Associated With Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Suppression in Adolescent Subjects With Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Authors: F.C. Hampel, P.H. Ratner, S.D. Miller, A. Melchior, S.A. Dunbar, S.K. Tantry, P.M. Dorinsky
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
1070 IMMUNE RESPONSE AND GENDER DISPARITY INFLUENCE LIVER REGENERATION AFTER ACUTE HEPATIC INJURY
Authors: D. Arcidiacono, A. Cappon, D. Bizzaro, R. Di Liddo, C. Mescoli, R. Cardin, M. Piciocchi, T. Chioato, M.T. Conconi, P.P. Parnigotto, M. Rugge, G.C. Sturniolo, P. Burra, F.P. Russo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
SUDDEN DEATH FROM COLLAPSE IN A CASE OF RUPTURE OF THE BLADDER
Authors: A. H. Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1853)

quences, and treatment; and this is a very painful position to be placed in, as our resources are very limited, and the remedial measures are very few; and all those medicines which are called specifics in stopping hsemorrhage, are as futile as incantations.There is no medicine in the .
High levels of hyaluronate in suction blister fluid from active psoriatic lesions
Authors: ASA LUNDIN, ANNA ENGSTROM-LAURENT, G. MICHAELSSON, A. TENGBLAD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Hyaluronate concentrations were measured in suction blister fluid from blisters raised on the abdominal skin of 12 healthy control subjects, on unaffected skin of 14 patients with psoriasis, and on lesional skin from 12 of these patients. The concentrations of hyaluronate in blister fluid from the controls and from the uninvolved skin of patients with psoriasis were within the same range (2.9–10.5 and 2.4–7.8 mg/1, respectively). Six of the patients had active, widespread, untreated psoriasis and in these cases the hyaluronate concentration in blister fluid from lesional skin was greatly increased (24–30 mg/1). Patients with stable or regressing psoriasis had no significant increase in hyaluronate levels in the blister fluid from lesional skin compared with the controls (range 4.6–12.4 mg/1). Patients with active psoriasis had significantly higher serum hyaluronate concentrations than the controls and those with inactive psoriasis.
Reviews and Notes: Cardiology: Atlas of Heart Diseases. Vol. 4: Heart Failure
Authors: Thomas D. Giles
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine15 September 1996Reviews and Notes: Cardiology: Atlas of Heart Diseases. Vol. 4: Heart FailureCardiac Function and DysfunctionThomas D. Giles, MDThomas D. Giles, MDLouisiana State Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112-2822Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00054 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail WS Colucci and E Braunwald; eds. 208 pages. St. Louis: Mosby; 1995. $125.00. ISBN 1-8781132-27-X. Order phone 800-426-4545.By definition, an atlas is the systematic illustration of a particular subject through tables, charts, or plates. Accordingly, an atlas devoted to heart failure must help readers navigate to a particular destination—in this case, a well-rounded background in heart failure.In large measure, this atlas meets that objective. In 13 chapters organized under the heading “Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Management of Heart Failure,” distinguished experts have supplied superb graphs, charts, tables, illustrations, and photographs that span cellular biology and pathobiology and a full ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Thomas D. Giles, MDAffiliations: Louisiana State Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112-2822 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 6 Page: 528 Keywords Cell biology Charts Diabetes mellitus Falls Heart diseases Heart failure Myocardium Nitric oxide Patients Scientists ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Design Considerations for Characterizing Psychiatric Trajectories Across the Lifespan: Application to Effects of APOE-ε4 on Cerebral Cortical Thickness in Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Wesley K. Thompson, Joachim Hallmayer, Ruth O'Hara
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2011)

Characterization of developmental trajectories across the lifespan is integral to understanding the prodromal course of many neuropsychiatric illnesses and the significant risk factors for disease onset or unfavorable outcomes. However, the standard experimental designs used in psychiatric research are not ideal for this purpose. The authors review the limitations of the most commonly employed designs in studies that make developmental or lifespan inferences in psychiatry: cross-sectional, single-cohort longitudinal, and unstructured multicohort longitudinal designs. Cross-sectional studies completely confound within- and between-subject sources of variation and hence rely on the presence of parallel trajectories and negligible sampling and age cohort differences for making valid developmental inferences. Delineating trajectories of within-individual change over substantial periods of time requires data covering long age spans that often cannot be covered using single-cohort longitudinal designs. Unstructured multicohort longitudinal designs are a commonly used alternative that can cover a longer age span in a shorter interval than necessary for a single-cohort design. However, the impact of cohort and sampling effects is often minimized or ignored in unstructured multicohort longitudinal designs. The authors propose that structured multicohort longitudinal designs are a particularly viable and underutilized class of designs in psychiatry that represents a significant improvement over cross-sectional designs and unstructured multicohort longitudinal designs for making developmental inferences while being more practical to implement than single-cohort longitudinal designs. As an example of this approach, the authors analyze changes in entorhinal cortex thickness in Alzheimer's disease in relation to APOE-ε4 genotype.
Stimulation of Nonimmunized Lymphocytes by Platelet-Antibody Complexes in Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Robert I. Handin, Willy F. Piessens, William C. Moloney
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract Platelets preincubated in serum from patients with immunologic thrombocytopenia stimulate autologous lymphocytes in culture. Stimulation of new deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis by cultured lymphocytes was measured by the uptake of tritiated thymidine. The lymphocyte-stimulating activity in serum was heat stable, could be adsorbed by autologous and homologous platelets, was inhibited by anti-human immunoglobulin G, and chromatographed as immunoglobulin G on diethylaminoethyl cellulose. The degree of stimulation was proportional to the number of platelets in each culture and was maximal on the sixth day of culture. With this technic, presumptive antibody was detected in 25 of 26 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and eight of nine with other types of immune thrombocytopenia. The lymphocyte-stimulating activity in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura persisted after clinical remission induced by steroids, splenectomy or cyclophosphamide therapy. Normal lymphocytes thus appear to be nons...
Online Images From the History of Medicine Division, National Library of Medicine.
Authors: Gregory F. Pratt
Journal: JAMA (1996)

The Online Images (OLI) database, a prototype project from the History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine (NLM), provides Internet access to almost 60000 photographs, drawings, posters, and other images related to health and medicine.  To create the OLI database, the original collection was photographed on 35mm film and the images processed for videodisc storage in 8-bit JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) format. Corresponding catalog records were loaded on a companion CD-ROM. Connection to OLI is made by entering the Uniform Resource Locator (URL) given above in an appropriate World Wide Web (WWW) browser. As noted in the introductory paragraphs of OLI's on-line documentation, however, only a handful of WWW browser programs work reliably. For personal computer users the safest choices appear to be Netscape (Netcom Communications) and EIN et's Mac Web and Win Web. (This will be less of a problem as the capabilities of browsers
" The Practical Importance of Well Established Facts in Therapeutics."
Authors: N. S. Davis
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Chicago, Jan. 15, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Under this head, your correspondent, Dr. J. H. Stallard, gives in ourJournalfor Jan. 5,1895, an interesting account of his own experience in using alcohol in the form of brandy or whisky, apparently to prove that it is a true tonic and restorative. His first point of proof is that after having climbed to a height of 10,000 feet one morning, he took a hearty breakfast and, after only an hour's rest, began his return when the "heat was intense" and over glacier ice "as irregular and uncertain as on board of a ship." What is not singular, the intense heat, the presence of undigested food in his stomach, with the excitement of his unusual walk brought on extreme<i>irritability</i>of the pneumogastric and whole vasomotor system of nerves, indicated by excessive vomiting renewed at every attempt to proceed. In this dilemma,
Management of Acute Gouty Arthritis-Reply
Authors: David J. Nashel
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> A review of the references cited by Dr Fox suggests that induction of a sympathectomy of the foot involves, in essence, performing a posterior tibial nerve block. To our knowledge, there are no controlled studies showing that this procedure shortens the normal course of a gouty attack. A posterior tibial nerve block may well be beneficial for temporary pain relief when (1) gouty arthritis is limited to the foot and (2) the administration of colchicine or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug is contraindicated. Care must be taken to avoid hitting the posterior tibial nerve, which might result in a traumatic neuritis. In addition, one must be careful to avoid intravascular injection of the posterior tibial artery (a landmark for this procedure). We do not think that this technique can be easily duplicated by physicians without previous experience in performing nerve blocks.
Ocular injuries due to exploding bottles of carbonated drinks.
Authors: P W Sellar, P B Johnston
Journal: BMJ (1991)

ment periods would be needed unless treatment effects are very large.Perhaps conventional power calculations are not appropriate here, and further guidance on the appropriate way forward would be welcomed.In normal clinical practice the placebo effect is deliberately used to enhance the effect of treatments and to encourage patient compliance.It is a valuable medical tool.When n of 1 trials are used, doctors will need to decide that, for the particular patient they are treating, the (short term?) potential loss of the placebo effect is worth the longer term certainty of treatment efficacy.The basis on which this judgment should be made is unclear.
HEALTH INSPECTION AS APPLIED TO THE INDIVIDUAL.
Authors: LOUIS FAUGERES BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The care of the health, when it comes to a discussion of its restoration when it has been lost, is a very old topic. Health inspection, as a wholesale proposition, as applied to communities, states and countries marks in its development perhaps the greatest advance in the application of science to human welfare. As applied to the individual, it still lags far behind what it ought to be. Hundreds of lives are lost every year, and thousands of days of disability incurred because it is not the custom for the health of the individual to be the subject of inspection in such a manner as to detect and remedy disease in its beginning. The life insurance examination which, of course, is only applied to relatively few individuals, reveals a surprisingly large amount of unsuspected disease. Every individual should be thoroughly inspected from time to time by a physician applying the
Psychological Motives for Medical Hospitalization
Authors: George E. Vaillant
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Out of 102 unselected patients admitted to a general hospital 44 were found to be motivated in part by emotional distress. Of these 44 patients, only three were admitted to a psychiatric service and only 16 received psychiatric consultation. Of the 44 patients, only 13 could have been adequately managed, even in retrospect, without general hospitalization. Usually the ward physician was as ready as the psychiatrist to recognize emotionally motivated admissions; case histories of disagreements are used to suggest methods for improving the recognition of this group of patients.
Mechanisms of Renin Secretion during Hemorrhage in the Dog
Authors: William L. Henrich, Robert W. Schrier, Tomas Berl, David Hyde, Marilyn Bard, Richard Rush, Abby Erickson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

The importance of renal perfusion pressure (RPP), the sympathetic beta adrenergic nervous system and renal prostaglandins (PG) on renin release during a uniform 15-17% reduction in blood pressure by hemorrhage (HH) was studied systematically in anesthetized dogs. All groups of animals had similar decrements in systemic and renal hemodynamics with HH. In control dogs (n = 7), both plasma renin activity (PRA, 4.1-9.0 ng angiotensin I/ml per h, P < 0.05) and renin secretory rate (RSR, 26-228 ng/ml per h·min, P < 0.005) increased significantly with HH. This increase in renin release during HH was not abolished by any single maneuver alone including beta adrenergic blockade with d,l-propranolol (n = 6), renal PG inhibition with indomethacin (n = 7), or control of RPP (n = 6). However, when beta adrenergic blockade was combined with control of RPP (n = 7) during HH, neither PRA (1.9-2.7 ng/ml per h, NS) nor RSR (16-53 ng/ml per h·min, NS) increased significantly. Similarly, a combination of beta adrenergic blockade and PG inhibition (n = 6) also abolished the increase in PRA (1.5-1.4 ng/ml per h, NS) and RSR (14-55 ng/ml per h·min, NS) during HH despite significant decreases in sodium excretion. Finally, a combination of PG inhibition and RPP control was associated with significant increases in PRA and RSR during HH. These results support a multifactorial mechanism in renin release during HH and implicate both the beta adrenergic receptors, renal baroreceptors, and possibly the macula densa as constituting the primary pathways of renin release during HH of this magnitude. Because either constant RPP or PG inhibition blunted renin release during HH in the setting of beta adrenergic blockade, the present results strongly suggest that the renal baroreceptor, and probably the macula densa mechanism are PG mediated.
Medication Effects in Neuroimaging Studies of Bipolar Disorder
Authors: Mary L. Phillips, Michael J. Travis, Andrea Fagiolini, David J. Kupfer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2008)

Objective: Neuroimaging studies are promising components for a new diagnostic framework for bipolar disorder, but a major issue is the potential confound of psychotropic medication upon experimental measures. Withdrawing all individuals from medication and examining only unmedicated individuals may be clinically unfeasible, and examining only unmedicated individuals may render findings less generalizable. Method: The authors review structural and functional neuroimaging studies of medicated and unmedicated patients with bipolar disorder to discern the possible confounding effect of medication. Results: Findings from studies identified on MEDLINE that included medicated individuals with bipolar disorder indicated either no significant effect or ameliorative effects of psychotropic medications on abnormal structural and functional neuroimaging measures relevant to pathophysiologic mechanisms of the disorder. Different strategies for assessing medication effects are compared. Conclusions: Neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder ideally should recruit both unmedicated and medicated individuals. Individuals who are unable to tolerate medication withdrawal likely have more severe illness and are especially informative for research examining biomarkers of illness and treatment response.