tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Need for more evolutionary and developmental perspective on basic emotional mechanisms
Authors: Glenn Weisfeld, Peter LaFreniere
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Lindquist et al.'s meta-analysis focuses on adult humans; the authors' emotion model might be strengthened by considering research on infants and animals, highlighting the importance of the limbic system. Reliance on the James-Lange theory is questionable; emotions typically occur instantaneously, with dubious dependence on bodily feedback for affect. Stronger evidence for localization might be obtained using more precise emotion terms and alterative localization methods.
Formation of soluble immune complexes by complement in sera of patients with various hypocomplementemic states. Difference between inhibition of immune precipitation and solubilization.
Authors: J A Schifferli, G Steiger, G Hauptmann, P J Spaeth, A G Sjöholm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

To examine whether the ability of complement to form soluble immune complexes plays a role in preventing immune complex-mediated diseases, we analyzed the capacity of complement to inhibit immune precipitation (IIP) and to solubilize preformed immune aggregates (SOL) in 23 sera of patients with various hypocomplementemic states, and we correlated the results of these studies with the clinical syndromes found in the various patients. In sera with deficiency or depletion of early classical pathway components, IIP was profoundly altered, whereas SOL was delayed but in the normal range. In contrast, in sera with C3 depletion but intact classical pathway and in properdin-deficient serum, IIP was initially preserved, whereas SOL was abolished. Since the incidence of immune complex diseases in various hypocomplementemic states correlates with the severity of IIP defects, but not with reduced SOL, it is suggested that IIP is an essential biological function of complement that prevents the rapid formation of insoluble immune complexes in vivo.
Regulation of human jejunal glycolytic enzymes by oral folic acid
Authors: Norton S. Rosensweig, Robert H. Herman, Fred B. Stifel, Yaye F. Herman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The effect of oral folic acid on jejunal glycolytic enzyme activity in five fasting obese patients and in three normal male volunteers on a constant 3000 cal diet was studied. The glycolytic enzymes, fructokinase, hexokinase, glucokinase, fructose-1-phosphate aldolase, and fructose diphosphate aldolase, and the disaccharidases, sucrase, maltase, and lactase were measured. In both the fasting patients and the normal volunteers, oral folic acid significantly increased the jejunal glycolytic enzyme activities but had no effect on disaccharidase activity. When oral folic acid was discontinued in the normal volunteers, the glycolytic enzyme activities returned to control values. In the obese patients, refeeding and folic acid caused a further increase in glycolytic enzyme activities above that seen with fasting and folic acid. In contrast to oral folic acid, intramuscular folic acid, oral vitamin B(12), and oral tetracycline had no effect on glycolytic enzyme activities. These studies demonstrate that oral folic acid which is neither a substrate nor a coenzyme of these enzymes, increases human jejunal glycolytic enzyme activity in a specific fashion. This would appear to be an action of oral folic acid which has not been recognized previously.
Is a clinician's "gut feeling" enough to identify self harm?
Authors: C. L. O. Ellis
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The guidelines summary recommends against using risk assessment tools to predict future self harm or suicide.1 Although evidence suggests these scales are poor predictors of risk,1 can we simply rely on the clinician’s subjective judgment and “gut feeling”? Many doctors are experts at this—through years of experience—but no one is psychic; …
Realities for change in child health care: existing patterns and future possibilities.
Authors: M Stacey
Journal: BMJ (1980)

In assessing some of the existing patterns and future possibilities in child health care it was found that the continuing large social class differences in morbidity and mortality may be attributed to continued poverty, both of income and therefore of diet, and also to environmental deprivation. The absence of safe places for children to play, for example, is related to the high accident rates experienced by children. Doctors admit to awareness of these social and environmental causes of unnecessary morbidity and mortality among children but have failed to address the causes directly. While the causes are outside the immediate professional provenance of doctors, it is argued that, aware as they are of this aetiology, they have a moral and professional responsibility to act collectively as a pressure group urging improvements on the relevant authorities (as they have done in the case of smoking and clean air, for example).
Blunted natriuretic response to low-dose brain natriuretic peptide infusion in nonazotemic cirrhotic patients with ascites and avid sodium retention
Authors: Giorgio La Villa, Donato Riccardi, Chiara Lazzeri, Vincenzo Casini Raggi, Antonio Dello Sbarba, Cristina Tosti Guerra, Caterina Fronzaroli, Marco Foschi, Giacomo Laffi, Paolo Gentilini
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Patients with cirrhosis and ascites have high plasma levels of atrial (ANP) and brain (BNP) natriuretic peptides, two cardiac hormones released by the atria and ventricles, respectively. We evaluated renal hemodynamics, sodium excretion, and intrarenal sodium handling (lithium clearance method) in seven cirrhotic patients with ascites and avid sodium retention before, during, and after the infusion of synthetic human BNP, at the dose of 4 pmol/kg ± min for 1 hour, which has been shown to increase renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and sodium excretion in healthy subjects without affecting systemic hemodynamics. Plasma BNP levels were 7.31 ± 0.85 pmol/L in baseline conditions, and increased to 33.60 ± 2.96 pmol/L at the end of the infusion (P < .01 vs. baseline). Urinary excretion of guanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) also significantly increased during the infusion, indicating stimulation of natriuretic peptide receptors by BNP. BNP administration did not modify renal plasma flow, GFR, sodium excretion or tubular sodium reabsorption to any appreciable extent. Arterial pressure heart rate, plasma norepinephrine, and plasma renin activity (PRA) where also unchanged, whereas plasma aldosterone concentration showed a significant, 35% reduction at the end of the postinfusion period, ruling out the possibility that BNP-induced vasodilation might be responsible for failure of the peptide to induce a natriuretic response. Overactivity of antinatriuretic factors is probably the main determinant of the blunted natriuretic effect of BNP in these patients. (Hepatology 1995; 22:1745–1750).
The Virtual Hospital
Authors: Gregory F. Pratt
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In June 1996, while declaring the Communications Decency Act unconstitutional, a panel of federal judges concluded that the chaos of the Internet is one of its strengths and proposed broad First Amendment protection. This same chaos means that finding the Internet sites that deliver thoughtful, professional content at this improvisational stage of development can be tedious. Although still maturing, the Virtual Hospital is one of the best medical sites and a compelling demonstration of the Internet's potential to impact medical training and practice. Begun in 1992 as a project of the Electric Differential Multimedia Laboratory of the Department of Radiology, University of Iowa College of Medicine, the Virtual Hospital is supported in part by an award from the National Library of Medicine (NLM) in association with the National Laboratory for the Study of Rural Medicine. With the aim of strengthening the relationship between practicing physicians and the University of Iowa
Cerebral Blood Flow Determined by Saturation and Desaturation with Krypton <sup>85</sup> :
Authors: NIELS A. LASSEN, AXEL KLEE
Journal: Circulation Research (1965)

Cerebral blood flow was studied in 11 subjects using the krypton 85 method during a 10-minute saturation period followed by a 10-minute desaturation period. The calculated cerebral blood flow averaged 8.5% higher during desaturation than during saturation for the eight cases with blood flow values in the normal range. At higher flow (one case) the deviation was less pronounced, while at lower flows (two cases) the percentage difference increased. It is suggested that this systematic difference is due to the failure, at 10 minutes, of reaching equilibrium between average tissue and mixed venous blood in the human brain. The studies disclose a systematic error inherent in the Kety-Schmidt technique. According to observations in the literature this error is, however, not of such magnitude that it affects seriously the method as applied to the brain. Employing an inert gas saturation period of 10 minutes, an overestimation of the flow by about 10% probably occurs in normal subjects, while at subnormal flow levels the magnitude of this error increases somewhat. The error mentioned may be counteracted by prolonging the saturation period to 15 or 20 minutes and by extrapolation of the curves to infinity.
Allergen-specific IgE is not detectable in the bronchial mucosa of nonatopic asthmatic patients
Authors: Prathap Pillai, Cailong Fang, Yih-Chih Chan, Mohamed H. Shamji, Clare Harper, Shih-Ying Wu, Line Ohm-Laursen, Stephen R. Durham, Andrew Menzies-Gow, Raj K. Rajakulasingam, Sun Ying, Chris J. Corrigan, Hannah J. Gould
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
THE MEDICAL FEATURES OF THE PAPYRUS EBERS.
Authors: CARL H. VON KLEIN
Journal: JAMA (1905)

This is an age of inquiry in researches and excavation, with a constant craving for some new development to assist us in our studies. The last hundred years is the Niobe of civilization, not only in inventions and productions, but in the remarkable revelations which have materially assisted us in the wonderful development in science. However, whatever we have done to advance the history of civilization was not done by an easy task. When we look through the magnificent works of discoverers and pioneers, the fruit of hardship, trial and labor, we can not fail to be infected with some of the enthusiasm which animated those who were endowed with superior intelligence and the gift of knowledge to bring forth hidden treasures from the inmost bosom of the earth, and to transmit them to future generations. Of one of these it may well be said: "From the Orient to the
Disruption of the homeobox gene Hoxb-6 in mice results in increased numbers of early erythrocyte progenitors
Authors: Claudia Kappen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Hox genes encode transcription factors that are required for proper development of certain tissues and for patterning of the hindbrain, the limbs, and skeleton. They are also expressed in the hematopoietic system with a preference for specific cell lineages. To determine the role of Hoxb-6 in normal hematopoiesis, mice with a targeted disruption in the Hoxb-6 gene were generated. Mature hematopoietic cell types and immune responses are normal in homozygous Hoxb-6 mutants. Clonogenic progenitor cell assays demonstrate an increased number of early erythroid progenitor cells in the bone marrow and fetal liver of mutants, while differentiation of other cell lineages is unaffected. These results suggest that Hoxb-6 controls the generation, proliferation, or survival of erythroid progenitor cells. Am. J. Hematol. 65:111–118, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
The Predictive Power of the Polygraph: The Lies Lie Detectors Tell
Authors: Benjamin Kleinmuntz
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The American Medical Association's (AMA) Council on Scientific Affairs<sup>1</sup>correctly recommended that the polygraph not be used in preemployment testing and security clearance. Its review of the data on the validity and accuracy of the test for this form of screening is in line with findings in criminal investigations.<sup>2</sup>These data show that the range of false-positives in a criminal investigation is from 18% to 50%, with the latter upper-range percentages representing a level of performance that is a good deal inferior to random decision making. The point is shown clearly in a recent<i>Lancet</i>article<sup>3</sup>on the predictive power of the polygraph. The authors analyzed two criminal case studies<sup>2,4</sup>in terms of the specificity and sensitivity performance characteristics of the polygraph— ie, the probability that a person with a positive test result is actually guilty or that one with a negative result
The Abnormally Situated Azygos Vein
Authors: ROBERT N. ARMEN, CHARLES S. MORROW
Journal: Circulation (1956)

The azygos vein may be abnormally situated due to anomalous embryologic development. Its abnormal location is infrequent, but radiologic recognition is much easier than that of the normal vein. This vein, normal or abnormal, becomes distended in conditions with an elevated venous pressure, systemic or portal. Changes in the size of the azygos vein on x-ray are noted to parallel fluctuations of venous pressure. We have demonstrated such changes in a patient with an abnormally situated vein during congestive failure, after recovery, and in various physical positions. X-ray demonstration of such changes can have significant diagnostic application.
Disease Activity Free Status
Authors: Carolyn J. Bevan, Bruce A. C. Cree
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Measles and Measles Immunity in Children Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Keith Krasinski
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The development of measles vaccination recommendations for immunodeficient children infected with human immunodeficiency virus requires assessment of disease risk and the risks and benefits of vaccination. Measles in 4 such children resulted in 3 severe pneumonias and 1 death despite previous immunization in 2. Antibody to measles as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was present in 3 (12.5%) of 24 children studied retrospectively and developed in only 2 (25%) of 8 children immunized and followed up prospectively. The sera of 9 of 24 children had antibody when tested by sensitive hemagglutination inhibition. Measles developed in 2 of 6 children who had negative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results and positive hemagglutination inhibition results. No adverse consequences of measles immunization were detected. Although the immunogenicity of measles vaccine in children infected with human immunodeficiency virus was low and vaccine failure occurred, the apparent safety provides the rationale for immunization in the face of a potentially fatal disease. Since neither documented immunization nor low-level antibody guaranteed immunity to measles, we recommend passive postexposure immunoglobulin prophylaxis for all children infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
The Use of an Automated, Portable Glucose Control System for Overnight Glucose Control in Adolescents and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Michael J. O'Grady, Adam J. Retterath, D. Barry Keenan, Natalie Kurtz, Martin Cantwell, Glenn Spital, Michael N. Kremliovsky, Anirban Roy, Elizabeth A. Davis, Timothy W. Jones, Trang T. Ly
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

OBJECTIVE A key milestone in progress towards providing an efficacious and safe closed-loop artificial pancreas system for outpatient use is the development of fully automated, portable devices with fault detection capabilities to ensure patient safety. The ability to remotely monitor the operation of the closed-loop system would facilitate future physician-supervised home studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of a fully automated, portable, closed-loop system. The Medtronic Portable Glucose Control System (PGCS) consists of two subcutaneous glucose sensors, a control algorithm based on proportional-integral-derivative with insulin feedback operating from a BlackBerry Storm smartphone platform, Bluetooth radiofrequency translator, and an off-the-shelf Medtronic Paradigm Veo insulin pump. Participants with type 1 diabetes using insulin pump therapy underwent two consecutive nights of in-clinic, overnight, closed-loop control after a baseline open-loop assessment. RESULTS Eight participants attended for 16 overnight studies. The PGCS maintained mean overnight plasma glucose levels of 6.4 ± 1.7 mmol/L (115 ± 31 mg/dL). The proportion of time with venous plasma glucose &amp;lt;3.9, between 3.9 and 8 (70 and 144 mg/dL), and &amp;gt;8 mmol/L was 7, 78, and 15%, respectively. The proportion of time the sensor glucose values were maintained between 3.9 and 8 mmol/L was greater for closed-loop than open-loop (84.5 vs. 46.7%; P &amp;lt; 0.0001), and time spent &amp;lt;3.3 mmol/L was also reduced (0.9 vs. 3%; P &amp;lt; 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the PGCS, an automated closed-loop device, is safe and effective in achieving overnight glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Dutch crack down on drugs policy
Authors: T. Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The Dutch parliament, under pressure from foreign governments, is set to tighten up its drugs policy. Branded the “drugsland” of Europe for its policy of decriminalising cannabis the Netherlands will now take tough measures.

The number of places where cannabis is sold, known as coffee shops, is likely to be reduced from 2000 to just over 1000 by the stricter local enforcement of rules banning nuisance, selling alcohol, and selling hard drugs. The maximum amount of cannabis that can be sold to …
RESULTS OF 13 YEARS OF THE DESIRE (DRUG-ELUTING STENTS IN THE REAL WORLD) REGISTRY: THE LONGEST AVAILABLE CLINICAL FOLLOW-UP OF A COHORT OF “REAL-WORLD” PATIENTS TREATED EXCLUSIVELY WITH DRUG-ELUTING STENTS
Authors: Jose de Ribamar Costa, Amanda Sousa, Adriana Moreira, Ricardo Costa, Manuel Cano, Galo Maldonado, Lucas Damiani, J Eduardo Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 3071: Accurate and sensitive detection of KRAS mutations in heterogeneous cancer specimens
Authors: Yun Bao, David Merrill, Delphine Le Corre, Scott Sproul, Bonnie Ching, Iris Casuga, Lorenzo Sapinoso, Sejal Desai, Rosella P. Petraroli, David Deng, Pius Brzoska, Helene Blons, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Caifu Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The discovery of pivotal genetic alterations and the understanding of their role in cancer is leading to remarkable successes in therapeutics and patient care. Molecular diagnosis methods such as DNA sequencing and conventional genotyping of tumor biopsies have advanced research in this field, but are limited in sensitivity due to stromal contamination and by genetic heterogeneity in cancer. We have recently developed competitive allele specific TaqMan® PCR (castPCR) assays assays for detecting cancer-associated sequence variations. CastPCR not only maintains the wide dynamic range, high sensitivity and reproducibility of TaqMan® assays but also greatly improves the specificity. The technology enables detection, of as little as 1 mutant allele molecule in 10,000,000 wild type molecules. We report here sensitive and accurate detection of cancer-associated KRAS mutations within formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) heterogeneous cancer specimens. Eight FFPE model cell lines were initially used to validate the assays (NCI-H2009:p.G12A; SW1463:p.G12C; PANC-1:p.G12D; PSN-1: p.G12R; A549:p.G12S; SW480:p.G12V; DLD-1:p.G13D; Jurkat:Wild Type). Mutant FFPE cell line DNAs were titrated in the FFPE wild type cell line DNAs from 100% to 0.1%. Mutations were easily identified at the level of 0.1% with high reproducibility. 24 anonymous tumor tissues and 12 non-tumor tissues from FFPE specimens were also examined. No positive samples were found in non-tumor tissues. The results obtained by castPCR for the 24 tumor tissues were concordant to those previously reported by three different methods (Taqman® PCR, Taqman® PCR + PNA and Sequencing). Our results demonstrate that castPCR, as a new rare mutation detection technology, has greater sensitivity, specificity and can thereby facilitate accurate molecular diagnosis of heterogeneous cancer specimens and enable patient selection for targeted cancer therapies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3071. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3071
The Future of Primary Care
Authors: Beth Miller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes5 October 2004The Future of Primary CareBeth Miller, MDBeth Miller, MDFrom Brackenridge Hospital, Austin, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-7-200410050-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Showstack J, Rothman AA, Hassmiller S, eds. 328 pages. San Francisco: Jossey–Bass; 2004. $50.00. ISBN 0787972436. To order: www.josseybass.com/WileyCDA.Field of medicine: Public health, public policy, and primary care.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Clinicians in primary and specialty care, medical educators, health care policymakers, and health care administrators.Purpose: To provide discussion, historical and recent data, and analyses of the present and future of primary care in the United States.Content: The chapters were written by several authors, primarily academic leaders, many of whom met as a task force in 2001 with the premise that primary care is in crisis ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Brackenridge Hospital, Austin, Texas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 5 October 2004Volume 141, Issue 7Page: 580KeywordsEcologyForecastingGenomicsHealth careMedical educationPrevention, policy, and public healthPrimary carePublic policySoftware toolsSub-specialty care ePublished: 5 October 2004 Issue Published: 5 October 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Characterization and role of intra-hepatic regulatory T cells in chronic hepatitis C pathogenesis
Authors: Nathalie Sturm, Marie-Ange Thélu, Xavier Camous, Guéorgui Dimitrov, Muhammad Ramzan, Tania Dufeu-Duchesne, Paula Bonorino, Christiane Guillermet, Elisabeth Brambilla, Philippe Arvers, Martine Pernollet, Vincent Leroy, Jean-Pierre Zarski, Patrice N. Marche, Evelyne Jouvin-Marche
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)