tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Circulatory changes induced by portal venous diversion and mesenteric hypertension in rats
Authors: Samuel S. Lee, Kaj Johansen, Didier Lebrec
Journal: Hepatology (1992)

We studied the hemodynamics in four groups of rats with combinations of mesenteric hypertension and portal diversion. Operations created three groups with mesenteric hypertension and different degrees of portal venous diversion: mesenteric vein stenosis, portal vein stenosis and end-to-side portacaval anastomosis with mesenteric vein stenosis, the fourth group had only portacaval anastomosis. A control group had sham operations. Cardiac output, splanchnic blood flows and portosystemic shunt indices were measured with radioactive microspheres. Mesenteric venous pressures in the mesenteric-stenosed, portal-stenosed, portacaval-shunted and end-to-side portacaval anastomosis with mesenteric vein stenosis rats were, respectively, 13.5 ± 0.6, 15.3 ± 0.7, 4.3 ± 0.5 and 13.0 ± 0.9 mm Hg, which were all significantly different from controls: 8.3 ± 0.3 mm Hg. Portosystemic shunt indices were also significantly different from each other: controls, 0.4% ± 0.02%; mesenteric-stenosed, 5.9% ± 2.3%; and portal-stenosed, 52.1% ± 4.9%. Cardiac output and splanchnic visceral blood flows were significantly increased in the portal-stenosed rats and the two groups with portacaval anastomoses, with the latter two groups having the highest values. The addition of mesenteric stenosis did not change the blood flows because mesenteric-stenosed rats did not differ from controls and end-to-side portacaval anastomosis with mesenteric vein stenosis rats did not differ from rats with portacaval anastomosis alone. These results suggest that mesenteric venous hypertension per se does not affect hemodynamics but that diversion of portal venous blood from the liver is a critical factor in the development of hyperkinetic circulation in portal hypertension. (Hepatology 1992;15:117-121).
A Computer-Assisted Medical Diagnostic Consultation Service
Authors: Richard A. Bankowitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of a computeraided consultation service using academic general internists and the Quick Medical Reference (QMR) diagnostic program; and to study the impact of the consultation on the diagnostic behavior of physicians caring for patients. Design: Prospective study of the diagnostic accuracy of computer-aided consultation in 31 cases, as well as a prospective study of ward team diagnoses and opinions before and after consultation. Setting: General medicine wards of two tertiary care centers. Participants: Thirty-one patients identified as posing a diagnostic challenge and meeting eligibility criteria, as well as the housestaff caring for these patients. Measurements and Main Results: After 6 months follow-up, diagnoses were established in 20 of 31 cases. The diagnostic sensitivity of the computer-assisted diagnoses, 85% (95% CI, 56% to 97%), was similar to that of the consult service physicians, 80% (95% CI, 55% to 94%), but better than that of the ward teams, 60% (95% CI, 33% to 81%; P = 0.03 using the binomial test). The consultation influenced the postconsultation differential diagnoses of the ward teams in 26 of the 31 cases (95% CI, 62% to 95%). House officers rated the consultation service as being educationally helpful in 25 of the 31 cases (95% CI, 62% to 94%). Conclusions: Computer-aided diagnostic consultation, when provided by physicians familiar with the limitations of the system and capable of overriding inappropriate suggestions, was both accurate and educationally helpful in most cases. The system provided reasonable diagnostic suggestions not previously considered by the ward teams and these suggestions were valued sufficiently to cause alteration of the original differential diagnoses.
The Lifetime Health-Monitoring Program
Authors: Lester Breslow, Anne R. Somers
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Current patterns of health care and its financing need to be improved by the incorporation of cost-effective and health-effective preventive measures. As a stimulus for further development, we propose a Lifetime Health-Monitoring Program that uses clinical and epidemiologic criteria to identify specific health goals and professional services appropriate for 10 different age groups. During infancy, for example, we recommend seven immunizations, tests to detect anemia, hemorrhagic diseases, phenylketonuria and developmental deficiencies, and routine prophylaxis of gonorrheal ophthalmia. In the age group 40 to 59, tests for hypertension, cervical, mammary, and gastrointestinal cancer, and control of obesity and smoking are in order. The cost of such preventive measures. which should not be prohibitive, must be covered by health-insurance programs, whether based on fee-for-service or capitation. The program suggested, by incorporating prevention into day-to-day care, should strengthen the patient-physician relation.
Targeted delivery of DNA to the mitochondrial compartment via import sequence-conjugated peptide nucleic acid
Authors: A Flierl, C Jackson, B Cottrell, D Murdock, P Seibel, D.C Wallace
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

We report that oligonucleotides can be introduced into the mitochondria of living mammalian cells by annealing them to peptide nucleic acids coupled to mitochondrial targeting peptides. These complexes are imported into the mitochondrial matrix through the outer and inner membrane import channels of isolated mitochondria. They are also imported into the mitochondria of cultured cells, provided that the cytosolic uptake of the complexes is facilitated by using synthetic polycations or membrane permeabilizing toxins. Our method now promises to provide a viable strategy for the genetic modification of the mitochondria in cultured cells, animals and patients.
Health committee warns of potential dangers of soya
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Israeli manufacturers of soya products were rattled by the recommendation issued by the country's health ministry that consumption of soya products be limited in young children and avoided, if possible, in infants. After a year's work, a committee of experts also advised that adults who eat soya products do so in moderation, pending authoritative future studies.

Although research showing possible harm—a higher risk of cancer, male infertility, or other problems—from soya is based on animal or retrospective human studies, the committee of 13 issued recommendations based on the precautionary principle. Soya contains phytoestrogens …
Bronchial Adenoma in a Ninety-Two-Year-Old Man
Authors: Edward B. Benedict
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

ADENOMA of the bronchus is usually considered to be a disease occurring in the second, third and fourth decades. In a review of the literature, the oldest patient with a bronchial adenoma, a seventy-three-year-old woman, was described by Holley1; in this case a 6-mm. nodule described as a carcinoid type of bronchial adenoma was an incidental finding at autopsy. Jackson and Jackson2 give the average age of patients with bronchial adenoma as thirty-seven and four-tenths years, whereas the average age of those with carcinoma is given as fifty-three and two-tenths years. In 1951, I3 stated that adenoma "may occur . . .
Quantification of Plasma Epstein–Barr Virus DNA in Patients with Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Jin-Ching Lin, Wen-Yi Wang, Kuang Y. Chen, Yau-Huei Wei, Wen-Miin Liang, Jian-Sheng Jan, Rong-San Jiang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

We investigated the clinical significance of plasma concentrations of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Ninety-nine patients with biopsy-proven stage III or IV nasopharyngeal carcinoma and no evidence of metastasis (M0) received 10 weekly chemotherapy treatments followed by radiotherapy. Plasma samples from the patients were subjected to a real-time quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction assay. EBV genotypes of paired samples from plasma and primary tumor were compared.Plasma EBV DNA was detectable before treatment in 94 of the 99 patients, but not in 40 healthy controls or 20 cured patients. The median concentrations of plasma EBV DNA were 681 copies per milliliter among 25 patients with stage III disease, 1703 copies per milliliter among 74 patients with stage IV disease, and 291,940 copies per milliliter among 19 control patients with distant metastasis (P<0.001). Patients with relapse had a significantly higher plasma EBV DNA concentration before treatment than those who did not have a relapse (median, 3035 vs. 1202 copies per milliliter; P=0.02). The consistent genotyping of EBV DNA between paired samples of plasma and primary tumor suggested that the circulating cell-free EBV DNA may originate from the primary tumor. Unlike the rebound of plasma EBV DNA concentrations in the patients who had a relapse, the plasma EBV DNA concentration was persistently low or undetectable in patients with a complete clinical remission. Overall survival (P<0.001) and relapse-free survival (P=0.02) were significantly lower among patients with pretreatment plasma EBV DNA concentrations of at least 1500 copies per milliliter than among those with concentrations of less than 1500 copies per milliliter. Patients with persistently detectable plasma EBV DNA had significantly worse overall survival (P<0.001) and relapse-free survival (P<0.001) than patients with undetectable EBV DNA one week after the completion of radiotherapy.Quantification of plasma EBV DNA is useful for monitoring patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma and predicting the outcome of treatment.
Intestinal epithelial cells contribute to the enhanced generation of platelet activating factor in ulcerative colitis.
Authors: L Ferraris, F Karmeli, R Eliakim, J Klein, C Fiocchi, D Rachmilewitz
Journal: Gut (1993)

Generation of platelet activating factor by intestinal mucosal epithelial cells and lamina propria mononuclear cells was evaluated to elucidate the possible role of this mediator in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Epithelial and lamina propria mononuclear cells were isolated from surgical specimens from control, Crohn9s disease, and ulcerative colitis patients. Platelet activating factor was extracted from highly purified cell preparations with 80% ethanol after stimulation with and without 0.2 uM calcium ionophore A23187 and was measured by platelet aggregation assay. Both cell types generated platelet activating factor activity and this was generally comparable for epithelial and lamina propria cells. Basal and stimulated platelet activating factor activity of epithelial and lamina propria cells from ulcerative colitis but not Crohn9s disease patients was appreciably higher than that of control. Stimulation with calcium ionophore increased appreciably platelet activating factor activity in lamina propria cells from all groups. In contrast, only epithelial cells from ulcerative colitis showed an appreciable increase after calcium ionophore induction. These results suggest that epithelial cells are important contributors to intestinal platelet activating factor generation under normal and inflammatory conditions and that epithelial cells actively play a part in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis.
THE ACID MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES OF MAMMALIAN SKIN
Authors: P. D. MIER, MAUREEN WOOD
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1969)

Journal Article THE ACID MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDES OF MAMMALIAN SKIN Get access P. D. MIER, P. D. MIER Institute of Dermatology St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Home $$ London, E.9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar MAUREEN WOOD MAUREEN WOOD Institute of Dermatology St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Home $$ London, E.9 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 81, Issue 7, 1 July 1969, Pages 528–533, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1969.tb16028.x Published: 01 July 1969 Article history Accepted: 14 December 1968 Published: 01 July 1969
The Cyanotic (Syncopal) Attack in Fallot's Tetralogy
Authors: J. L. Braudo, M. M. Zion
Journal: BMJ (1959)

MRIT JOUNAL 23 something to process at leisure.Without bearing in any way on the value of exfoliative or smear cytology in general, it is my view that, if a macroscopic piece of true organized tissue, however small, is available, the frozen section should have pride of place in the immediate diagnosis of tumours or other lesions (see also Carleton and Drury, 1957), although supplementary information on cell detail may be given by cytological methods (cf.Bamforth and Osborn, 1958).
Mercury — An Element of Mystery
Authors: Thomas W. Clarkson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

A SINGLE case of acrodynia led to the investigation described by Agocs et al. in this issue of the Journal 1 and to the discovery that many more children had been exposed to mercury but did not contract what is now a rare childhood syndrome. It is a characteristic of acrodynia that when many are exposed to mercury the syndrome develops in only a few.2 As another example, three cases of acrodynia in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1980 were the signal that alerted public health authorities that up to 12,000 infants had been exposed to a phenylmercuric fungicide used by a . . .
Doctors in Netherlands worry court ruling erodes patient confidentiality
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A legal ruling in the Netherlands has raised concerns that the principle of medical confidentiality is being eroded to help police investigate doctors' mistakes.

A court in Rotterdam has ruled that public prosecutors can read a patient's medical notes as part of their investigation into whether certain doctors were guilty of culpable homicide.

The public prosecution service argued that there were reasonable grounds for suspicion. The Erasmus Medical Center denied this, adding that the wider interests of society were at stake. It therefore brought the case to protect the principle of confidentiality. The centre is considering whether to appeal against the decision.

The case involved a …
Effect of nitrendipine on histamine release from human basophil leukocytes
Authors: A. Miadonna, A. Tedeschi, E. Leggieri, C. Fabbri, M. Lorini, M. Froldi, C. Zanussi
Journal: Allergy (1987)

The effect of the new calcium antagonist nitrendipine on in vitro basophil activation was evaluated in 10 subjects. The histamine release induced by calcium ionophore A23187, f-met peptide and anti-IgE was inhibited, in a dose-dependent fashion, by nitrendipine in the concentration range of 1-100 microM. The activity of this calcium antagonist seems complex and related to an interference with calcium at multiple sites. At concentrations higher than 200 microM, nitrendipine causes histamine release from basophil leukocytes. This histamine secretion is likely to be due to a cytotoxic effect, since it is associated with an increase in LDH levels in the cell supernatant.
Severe psoriasis treated with a new macrolide: everolimus
Authors: E. Frigerio, M.D. Colombo, C. Franchi, A. Altomare, C. Garutti, G.F. Altomare
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Psoriasis is an immune-mediated disease with a chronic relapsing course, and the particularly severe forms that are refractory to traditional therapies are often difficult to manage. Everolimus (Certican; Novartis, Basel, Switzerland) is a new rapamycin-derived macrolide that is used in the prophylaxis of rejection in heart and kidney transplant patients. The mechanism underlying its immunosuppressant and antiproliferative activity is different from, but complementary to, that of calcineurin inhibitors such as ciclosporin. We describe a woman with severe psoriasis treated with everolimus combined with subtherapeutic doses of ciclosporin.
Körperbau und Charakter: Untersuchungen zum Konstitutionsproblem und zur Lehre von den Temperamenten
Authors: F. T. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This most recent edition of Kretschmer's classic work is divided into 3 parts: body build, temperaments, and theory of temperaments and types. The 7 chapters of the first part deal largely with physical dimensions, forms, and functions, although the chapter on forms of face and head becomes involved promptly with the familiar idea that physical constitution is somehow correlated with schizophrenia. The 11 chapters of the second part attempt to establish the existence of temperament types and are occupied especially with the problem of differentiating cycloid from schizoid personalities. The 2 chapters that make up the third part review the fundamental philosophy
Dobutamine stress echocardiography in orthotopic heart transplant recipients
Authors: Genevie`ve Derumeaux, Michel Redonnet, Dominique Mouton-Schleifer, Jean Paul Bessou, Alain Cribier, Nadir Saoudi, Rene´ Koning, Robert Soyer, Brice Letac
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Axillary-Femoral Shunt Visualization
Authors: MICHAEL BLEND, CARLOS BEKERMAN, NICANOR MANAGAN, STEVEN PINSKY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Abdominal radionuclide angiograms performed on a routine basis as part of a conventional radiocolloid liver-spleen scan permit the assessment of the vascularization of the liver, spleen, and focal defects that may be present. The nuclear medicine physician should be made aware that deviations from the normal scintigraphic pattern may occur and their recognition could sometimes have clinical management implications. These three patients are just one example of such serendipitous findings (1,2).
Thoracic Origin of a Single Renal Artery
Authors: Charles J. Tegtmeyer
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The renal arteries typically arise between the midportion of the first lumbar vertebral body and the upper third of the second.<sup>1-4</sup>Variations of approximately one vertebral body in either direction are well known. To the best of our knowledge, only one case of a single renal artery is reported arising above the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra,<sup>5</sup>accompanied by a normal contralateral renal artery. In the present case, single right renal artery arose at the level of the 11th thoracic vertebra, with agenesis of the left kidney, the only example reported so far as we know. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 40-year-old Negro woman entered the hospital for investigation of discomfort of several weeks' duration in the left lower quaddrant of the abdomen. Intravenous urography demonstrated a normal right kidney and collecting system; however, the left kidney was not visualized. Cystoscopic examination and retrograde
Hyperkalemia and Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
Authors: Michael Postelnick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 November 1996Hyperkalemia and Trimethoprim-SulfamethoxazoleMichael Postelnick, BS, RPh, William Budris, BS, RPh, and Gary A. Noskin, MDMichael Postelnick, BS, RPhNorthwestern Memorial Hospital Chicago, IL 60611.Search for more papers by this author, William Budris, BS, RPhNorthwestern Memorial Hospital Chicago, IL 60611.Search for more papers by this author, and Gary A. Noskin, MDNorthwestern Memorial Hospital Chicago, IL 60611.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-9-199611010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Alappan and colleagues have shown that serum potassium levels significantly increase in patients receiving standard doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [1]. Clinically significant hyperkalemia was more likely to occur in patients with some degree of renal insufficiency (serum creatinine level >106 mmol/L). Patients without renal insufficiency, although showing a similar absolute increase in serum potassium levels, were less likely to develop clinically significant hyperkalemia. This finding is not unexpected, given the amiloride-like action of trimethoprim in the distal tubule and the proven association between renal insufficiency and hyperkalemia due to amiloride use [2]. The authors, however, did not show ...References1. Alappan R, Perazella MA, Buller GK. Hyperkalemia in hospitalized patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 124:316-20. Google Scholar2. Whiting GF, McLaran CJ, Bochner F. Severe hyperkalaemia with Moduretic. Med J Aust. 1979; 1:409. Google Scholar3. Hansten PD, Horn JR. Drug Interactions and Updates. Vancouver, WA: Applied Therapeutics; 1993. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Michael Postelnick, BS, RPh; William Budris, BS, RPh; Gary A. Noskin, MDAffiliations: Northwestern Memorial Hospital Chicago, IL 60611. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 9Page: 778KeywordsAngiotensin converting enzyme inhibitorCreatinineDiureticsDrug interactionsDrugsHeparinPotassium ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Functional Network Pipeline Reveals Genetic Determinants Associated with in Situ Lymphocyte Proliferation and Survival of Cancer Patients
Authors: Bernhard Mlecnik, Gabriela Bindea, Helen K. Angell, Maria Stella Sasso, Anna C. Obenauf, Tessa Fredriksen, Lucie Lafontaine, Amelie M. Bilocq, Amos Kirilovsky, Marie Tosolini, Maximilian Waldner, Anne Berger, Wolf Herman Fridman, Arash Rafii, Viia Valge-Archer, Franck Pagès, Michael R. Speicher, Jérôme Galon
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2014)

Genomic alterations result in changes of immune cell densities within the tumor.
Brain Ischemia: Basic Concepts and Clinical Relevance
Authors: Donna C. Bergen
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<i>Brain Ischemia</i>was written by a clinician for clinicians with the express purpose of giving the practicing neurologist the scientific basis for understanding and exploiting new ideas and therapies for ischemic brain disease. The neurologist is no longer asked simply to see, examine, diagnose, then pass by the patient with symptomatic cerebral ischemia. Instead, he or she is consulted by primary care physicians to prevent or treat symptoms of cerebrovascular disease, interpret them in the context of systemic illnesses, and forecast their outcomes. Although the incidence of stroke has declined during the past 15 years, clinical interest in ischemic brain disease has grown dramatically, fueled by new understanding of its pathophysiology. Advances in molecular biology of cell membranes, neurotransmitter physiology, and mechanisms of cellular death challenge clinicians to reeducate themselves constantly or to risk using new therapies inappropriately or dangerously. This book succeeds well in organizing, presenting, and explaining the
Neuropsychological evidence for the distinction between grammatically relevant and irrelevant components of meaning
Authors: David Kemmerer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Jackendoff (2002) argues that grammatically relevant and irrelevant components of meaning do not occupy distinct levels of the semantic system. However, neuropsychological studies have found that the two components doubly dissociate in brain-damaged subjects, suggesting that they are in fact segregated. Neural regionalization of these multidimensional semantic subsystems might take place during language development.
THE PATH OF TOXINS TO THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
Authors: M. Button
Journal: BMJ (1921)

only sugar, since other reducing substances may be included).Further, in most of the cases which have been under observation for any length of time a definite excretion of sugar in the urine (as tested by Nylander's fluid) has appeared from time to time.So consistent have been the results that we have recently felt able to rely on this test to differentiate between simple and malignant cases.For example:.. 1.A fluctuating swelling in tlle neck, possibly inflamma- tory, showed reducing substance 0.34 per cent., and proved to be sarcoma.