tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Final results of the EORTC intergroup randomized study 40004 (CLOCC) evaluating the benefit of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with chemotherapy for unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRC LM).
Authors: T. Ruers, C. J. Punt, F. van Coevorden, I. Borel Rinkes, J. A. Ledermann, G. J. Poston, W. Bechstein, M. Lentz, M. Mauer, B. Nordlinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3526 Background: In patients with unresectable CRC LM there is an increasing tendency to combine systemic chemotherapy (CT) with local tumour destruction by RFA. However, the benefit of this combined treatment has not yet been demonstrated. Methods: This randomised phase II study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00043004) evaluated the benefits of adding RFA to systemic CT in patients with ≤ 9 unresectable CRC LM and no extrahepatic disease. Between 2002 and 2007, 119 pts were randomised between CT alone (59) or RFA plus CT (60). In both arms, CT consisted of 6 months FOLFOX (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 and LV5FU2) plus, since October 2005, bevacizumab. The primary objective was to exclude a 30-months overall survival (OS) rate ≤ 38% with RFA + CT ( Fleming Design). Safety (ASCO 2008) and progression-free survival (PFS) were secondary endpoints. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between arms: 60% had ≥ 4 LM, 51 patients (85%) received CT in the RFA + CT arm and 59 (all) in the CT arm. The median number of CT cycles for patients who started CT was 10 in both arms. Toxicity profiles for CT were comparable between both arms. At a median follow up of 4.4 years, the 30-months OS rate was 61.7% (95% CI, 48.21-73.93) in the RFA +CT arm and 57.6% (44.07–70.39) in the CT arm. In eligible patients (RFA + CT; 57 pts, CT; 58 pts) these figures were 64.9% (95% CI, 51.13–77.09) and 56.9% (43.23-69.84), respectively. The median PFS was 16.8 months in the RFA + CT arm (95% CI, 11.7-22.1) and 9.9 months (9.3- 13.7) in the CT arm (p = 0.025). The number of patients with first recurrence at the RFA site only was 5 (9%). 4 more patients (7%) had a first recurrence at a RFA site in combination with a recurrence elsewhere in the liver. Conclusions: This is the first study that prospectively investigates the efficacy of RFA in combination with CT. The primary endpoint (30-months OS > 38%) was met, but also 30 months OS in the CT arm was much higher than 38%. Since the study design does not allow a formal comparison between treatment arms, and longer follow-up is needed to assess overall survival, the benefit in overall survival of adding RFA to CT is uncertain. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Coronary Vessel Wall Contrast Enhancement Imaging as a Potential Direct Marker of Coronary Involvement
Authors: Niharika Varma, Rocio Hinojar, David D’Cruz, Eduardo Arroyo Ucar, Andreas Indermuehle, Sarah Peel, Gerald Greil, Nicholas Gaddum, Phil Chowienczyk, Eike Nagel, Rene M. Botnar, Valentina O. Puntmann
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)

This study investigated the feasibility of visual and quantitative assessment of coronary vessel wall contrast enhancement (CE) for detection of symptomatic atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) and subclinical coronary vasculitis in autoimmune inflammatory disease (systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]), as well as the association with aortic stiffness, an established marker of risk. Coronary CE by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a novel noninvasive approach to visualize gadolinium contrast uptake within the coronary artery vessel wall. A total of 75 subjects (CAD: n = 25; SLE: n = 27; control: n = 23) underwent CMR imaging using a 3-T clinical scanner. Coronary arteries were visualized by a T2-prepared steady state free precession technique. Coronary wall CE was visualized using inversion-recovery T1 weighted gradient echo sequence 40 min after administration of 0.2 mmol/kg gadobutrol. Proximal coronary segments were visually examined for distribution of CE and quantified for contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and total CE area. Coronary CE was prevalent in patients (93%, n = 42) with a diffuse pattern for SLE and a patchy/regional distribution in CAD patients. Compared with control subjects, CNR values and total CE area in patients with CAD and SLE were significantly higher (mean CNR: 3.9 ± 2.5 vs. 6.9 ± 2.5 vs. 6.8 ± 2.0, respectively; p < 0.001; total CE area: median 0.8 [interquartile range (IQR): 0.6 to 1.2] vs. 3.2 [IQR: 2.6 to 4.0] vs. 3.3 [IQR: 1.9 to 4.5], respectively; p < 0.001). Both measures were positively associated with aortic stiffness (CNR: r = 0.61, p < 0.01; total CE area: 0.36, p = 0.03), hypercholesterolemia (r = 0.68, p < 0.001; r = 0.61, p < 0.001) and hypertension (r = 0.40, p < 0.01; r = 0.32, p < 0.05). We demonstrate that quantification of coronary CE by CNR and total CE area is feasible for detection of subclinical and clinical uptake of gadolinium within the coronary vessel wall. Coronary vessel wall CE may become an instrumental novel direct marker of vessel wall injury and remodeling in subpopulations at risk.
Optic Nerve Hypoplasia in Infancy
Authors: A R Fielder, M I Levene, J Q Trounce, M S Tanner
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1986)

Certain features of optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH), its systemic associations and investigation are exclusive to infancy. These include the facility to use cranial ultrasound, difficulties in assessing ocular features and visual function, and neonatal hypoglycaemia and jaundice. Six infants with ONH are presented; cerebral abnormalities were demonstrated by cranial ultrasound in five. Neonatal cholestatic jaundice and hypoglycaemia occurred in one infant. Two died and represent a group likely to remain undetected unless routine ophthalmic examination of neurologically abnormal neonates is undertaken. In infancy, both ocular and systemic aspects of ONH can be investigated simply and without sedation.
Relation between pulmonary arterial remodeling and parenchymal disease in severe COPD and interstitial lung disease patients
Authors: Berta Sáez, Juan Grignola, Manuel López Meseguer, Enrique Domingo, Cristina Berastegui, Carlos Bravo, Antonio Roman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Pulmonary vasculopathy relation with lung function is analyzed in COPD and interstitial lung disease (ILD) candidates for lung transplantation (LT) with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PH).

106 patients (p) preLT, NYHA 3-4, 41 COPD (59±5 yo, 9 fem), 65 ILD (60±7 yo, 19 fem) were studied with right heart catheterization and IVUS in medium sized pulmonary arteries (PA). Pulmonary hemodynamics, local PA elastic modulus (EM: diastolic lumen area x pulse pressure/(systolic-diastolic lumen area)) and lung function tests were collected.

View this table:

Characterictics of the population





16% had wedge pressure ≥ 15 mmHg and were excluded. 48% COPD and 43% ILP had PH. EM was obtained in 18/31 COPD and 28/58 ILD. Arterial oxygen pressure was inversely correlated with mPAP in both, COPD (r=-0.44, p<0.01) and ILD (r=-0.35, p<0.01). ILD had higher EM than COPD (p<0.05). FEV1 and EM correlated in COPD but FVC and EM did not correlate in ILD. Neither FEV1 nor CVF correlated with mPAP.

![Figure][1] 



COPD and ILD have different pulmonary vasculopathy. Only COPD correlated parenchymal and vascular disease in the presence of PH, suggesting different pathogenic pathways of PH and vascular remodeling in both diseases.

 [1]: pending:yes
Recon Man
Authors: Meaghann Weaver
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Novel Y-Chromosome Short Tandem Repeat Variants Detected through the use of Massively Parallel Sequencing
Authors: David H. Warshauer, Jennifer D. Churchill, Nicole Novroski, Jonathan L. King, Bruce Budowle
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2015)

Abstract Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) technology is capable of determining the sizes of short tandem repeat (STR) alleles as well as their individual nucleotide sequences. Thus, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the repeat regions of STRs and variations in the pattern of repeat units in a given repeat motif can be used to differentiate alleles of the same length. In this study, MPS was used to sequence 28 forensically-relevant Y-chromosome STRs in a set of 41 DNA samples from the 3 major U.S. population groups (African Americans, Caucasians, and Hispanics). The resulting sequence data, which were analyzed with STRait Razor v2.0, revealed 37 unique allele sequence variants that have not been previously reported. Of these, 19 sequences were variations of documented sequences resulting from the presence of intra-repeat SNPs or alternative repeat unit patterns. Despite a limited sampling, two of the most frequently-observed variants were found only in African American samples. The remaining 18 variants represented allele sequences for which there were no published data with which to compare. These findings illustrate the great potential of MPS with regard to increasing the resolving power of STR typing and emphasize the need for sample population characterization of STR alleles.
Breathlessness is associated with lower completion rates of pulmonary rehabiliation classes
Authors: Victoria Lord, Melanie Thomas, Joerg Steier, Nicholas Hopkinson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  It is important to develop specific approaches to improve completion rates in pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). Currently, it is not clear what parameters predict completion & non-completion. We hypothesised that specific demographic parameters are associated with completion rates of PR.   Methods:  Respiratory patients who commenced PR classes at the Royal Brompton Hospital from September 2007 were included. At assessment we recorded age, MRC dyspnoea score, FEV 1 (% pred), FVC & body mass index. Completion was defined as attendance of 12 or more out of 16 sessions. T-tests and logistic regression tests were performed on the variables.   Results:  Data was available for 167 patients (77 females, mean (SD) age 66 (9.7) yrs, FEV 1  1.15 (0.6) litres (46.1% pred (21.3)), MRC 3 (1). We included a range of diseases (122 COPD, 16 bronchiectasis, 12 asthma, 14 restrictive disease and 3 normal spirometry). The 105 patients who completed PR had a lower baseline MRC dyspnoea score, which was significant. The remaining tested parameters were not independently associated with completion rate. Of the non-completers 37% failed to attend classes and 21% stopped due to an exacerbation. Completion rates were not different in those with or without COPD.   Conclusion:  A more tailored approach to improve completion rate of PR classes may need to focus on the more breathless & exacerbating patients.
Radiation exposure in relation to the arterial access site used for diagnostic coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guillaume Plourde, Samir B Pancholy, Jim Nolan, Sanjit Jolly, Sunil V Rao, Imdad Amhed, Sripal Bangalore, Tejas Patel, Johannes B Dahm, Olivier F Bertrand
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
The Propensity Score
Authors: Jason S. Haukoos, Roger J. Lewis
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thoracic affection during Behcet's disease (about 15 cases)
Authors: Nahid Zaghba, Najiba Yassine, Abdelaziz Bakhatar, Abdelkrim Bahlaoui
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Behcet9s disease is a multisystem vasculitis that affects the young. Chest affection is rare and primarily venous. The arterial affection is exceptional. We report a retrospective study of 15 cases of Behcet9s disease with chest, involvement gathered at the Respiratory Diseases department, UHC Ibn Rochd of Casablanca from 1994 to 2010. It was about 3 women and 12 men. The average age was 34 years old (range: 19-58 years). The bipolar aphtosis was found in all patients, pseudofolliculitis in 9 cases, and hemoptysis in 7 cases. Superior vena cava syndrome was noted in 8 cases, 6 cases of pleurisy. The telethorax showed bilateral pleurisy in 1 case, unilateral in 5 cases, bilateral hilar opacities projection in one case, an alveolar opacity in 3 cases, aspect of releasing balloons in one case, and it is normal in 4 cases. The chest angio-CT showed the superior vena cava9s thrombosis in 9 cases, bilateral pulmonary arterial aneurysms in 2 patients, pulmonary artery aneurysm associated to an embolism in one patient and pulmonary infarction site in 3 cases. Echocardiography showed an intracardiac thrombus in one case. All patients were administered steroids, colchicine and anti-coagulants. Immunosuppressive drugs were administered for 3 patients. The evolution was good in 11 cases, the onset of neuro-Behcet in 1 case and we deplore 4 deaths due to a lightning hemoptysis. We emphasize throughout these series the scarcity of thoracic manifestations of Behcet9s disease, namely the arterial disease that makes its prognosis dull.
Cunningham's Manual of Practical Anatomy
Authors: Daniel John Cunningham
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Symposium: the IBD service
Authors: M.A. Asante
Journal: Gut (2001)

Methods: Thoraco-lumbar dorsal root ganglia were dissected from adult Wistar rats after CO 2 euthenasia and the sensory nerve cell bodys liberated using a collagenase and trypsin digest.Cells were incubated on poly lysine/laminin coated coverslips and incubated for 10-16 hours in nerve growth factor-supplemented neurobasal medium before being loaded with the calcium-sensitive ionophore FURA-2.The coverslips were transferred to a perfusion chamber mounted on an inverted fluorescence microscope.Cell activation was identified by spikes in intracellular calcium concentration using computerised image analysis.Cells were perfused with a pH 7.4 HEPES buVer before being exposed to pH 6.1 for 1 minute.After a further 10 minutes at pH 7.4 the perfusate was either continued or switched to an identical buVer containing 10 -6 M PGE 2 for 3 minutes prior to a second 1 minute exposure to pH 6.1.Results: The number of cells imaged in each experiment was 19±3 (Mean±SEM).Thirty eight percent (±8%) of them responded to the first acid stimulus (n=10) with only 33±18% responding to the second stimulus (n=3).Addition of PGE 2 increased the proportion of cells responding to 45±8% (n=7), representing a rise of 40 ±17% versus a fall of 37±10% compared to respective baseline stimuli (p=0.03).Preincubation with indomethacin decreased viable cell count by a third but had no eVect on the pH response of the surviving cells.Conclusion: Exogenous PGE2 increases the number of sensory nerve cells that respond to acid by reducing desensitisation and recruiting previously insensitive cells.
“If you want to understand something, try to change it”: Social-psychological interventions to cultivate resilience
Authors: Eddie Brummelman, Gregory M. Walton
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract We argue that social psychology has unique potential for advancing understanding of resilience. An exciting development that illustrates this is the emergence of social-psychological interventions – brief, stealthy, and psychologically precise interventions – that can yield broad and lasting benefits by targeting key resilience mechanisms. Such interventions provide a causal test of resilience mechanisms and bring about positive change in people's lives.
Negative predictive value of EBUS in lung cancer staging
Authors: Federico Fiorentino, Raquel Extremera, Jaime Rodriguez, Enrique Serra, Blanca Esteban, Jaume Sauleda, Marta Gimenez, Ernest Sala, Borja Cosío
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

INTRODUCTION: EBUS (endobronchial ultrasound) is a technique developed for mediastinum diagnosis and staging. A negative puncture in lung cancer staging remains uncertain in current guidelines.  OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the negative predictive value of EBUS in the lung cancer algorithm when adequate lymph node sampling is achieved.  METHOD: Patients with a definitive pathological diagnosis of lung cancer nodal staging after EBUS were analyzed. Clinical characteristics, final diagnosis and treatment of patients with negative EBUS were investigated.  RESULTS: A total of 100 definitive diagnostic EBUS were analyzed. A definitive pathologic diagnosis of malignant disease was obtained in 56 (56%), whereas 44 procedures were representative of lymph node with no evidence of malignant disease. 20 patients with negative diagnosis underwent surgery, 8 were treated with quimio and/or radiotheraphy, and 16 were not treated or had a final diagnosis of benign disease. Two out of the 20 patients that underwent surgery showed a final diagnosis of malignant disease in a N2 lymph node station (adenocarcinoma and non-small undifferentiated cell lung cancer), which gives a predictive negative value of 90% for EBUS (that reaches 95,45% considering the final outcomes in all the patients with negative samples). Positron emission tomography scan was positive for N2 in one of the two false negative cases. The diagnostic accuracy of EBUS if an adequate sample is achieved is 98%.  CONCLUSION: EBUS is a reliable and accurate diagnostic tool for the staging of lung cancer. Considering that an appropriate lymph node sample is obtained, a negative result has a negative predict value of at least 90%, which can reassure a change in the lung cancer algorithm.
TCR V-beta usage in patients with sarcoidosis
Authors: Kerstin Ahlgren, Tina Ruckdeschel, Anders Eklund, Jan Wahlström, Johan Grunewald
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, mainly affecting the lungs. Elevated numbers of activated T cells are found in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. HLA-DRB1*0301+ (DR3+) patients, who typically have Lofgren9s syndrome, are characterized by good prognosis and an accumulation of lung CD4+ T cells using the T cell receptor (TCR) gene segment Valpha2.3 (AV2S3). However, the corresponding β-chains that are part of the TCR have been poorly characterized, and there is only limited knowledge about the TCR usage in non-acute patients.  We used antibody staining and flow cytometry to characterize TCR Vbeta usage in CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets in blood and BAL fluid samples from different sarcoidosis patient groups as well as from healthy controls.  Overall, the TCR Vbeta usage of Valpha2.3 + CD4+ T cells was quite diverse, indicating a predominant role in antigen recognition only for the alpha chain in these T-cell expansions. However, a preference for selective use of Vbeta 22 was noted in one patient.  A higher degree of selective Vbeta expression in both BAL and blood of non-acute patients may be due to epitope spreading over time, with more antigenic epitopes available to trigger distinct T cells. The higher non-random TCR Vbeta usage in the lung compared to blood could be related to antigenic triggering at the site of active disease, although more BAL samples of healthy individuals should be analyzed to estimate the normal differences between lung and blood in this respect.
The psychiatric patient's right to effective treatment: implications of Osheroff v. Chestnut Lodge
Authors: G L Klerman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Although Osheroff v. Chestnut Lodge never reached final court adjudication, the case generated widespread discussion in psychiatric, legal, and lay circles. The author served as a consultant to Dr. Osheroff and testified that Chestnut Lodge failed to follow through with appropriate biological treatment for its own diagnosis of depression, focusing instead on Dr. Osheroff's presumed personality disorder diagnosis and treating him with intensive long-term individual psychotherapy. The author suggests that this case involves the proposed right of the patient to effective treatment and that treatments whose efficacy has been demonstrated have priority over treatments whose efficacy has not been established.