tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP57: Pathway and Network Analysis of GWAS reveals Novel Candidate Causal Links between Key Biological Processes and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Themistocles L Assimes, Sujoy Ghosh, Juan Vivar, Ayellet V Segrè, Ville-Petteri Mäkinen, Christopher P Nelson, Christina Willenborg, Majid Nikpay, Jeanette Erdmann, Christopher O'Donnell, Reijo Laaksonen, Alexandre F Stewart, Stephen E Epstein, Svati H Shah, Stanley L Hazen, Muredach P Reilly, Xia Yang, Thomas Quertermous, Nilesh J Samani, Heribert Schunkert, Ruth McPherson
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified multiple genetic variants affecting the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, for most of these variants the causal biological mechanisms remain unclear. By integrating GWA data with prior biological knowledge about pathways and functional networks, we sought to obtain novel insights into the causal processes of CAD. Using the iGSEA4GWAS analysis tool and the Reactome pathway database, we carried out a two-stage gene set enrichment analysis strategy. From a discovery cohort of seven large GWAS data sets for CAD (n=9,889 cases, 11,089 controls), nominally significant gene-sets were tested for replication in a meta-analysis of nine additional studies (n=15,502 cases, 55,730 controls) that were part of the CARDIoGRAM Consortium. A total of 32 of the 639 pathways tested representing 22 distinct biological processes showed convincing association with CAD (replication p&lt; 0.05). After adjusting for redundancies by removing pathways with 50% or greater identity with other pathways, 19 pathways representing 9 biological processes remained including those relevant to Notch signaling, extracellular matrix integrity, innate immunity, and lipid metabolism. Network analysis of 751 unique genes within replicated pathways further revealed several interconnected functional modules representing novel associations (semaphorin regulated axonal guidance pathway) as well as confirmatory known processes (lipid metabolism). Our analyses point to potentially novel causal associations between CAD and several biological processes, many of which were not previously linked to CAD. These findings improve our understanding of the biological basis of CAD and highlight potential novel therapeutic targets.
Epidemiology of smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis in Sardinia (Italy) from 2000 to 2009: Role of ex-adiuvantibus treatment
Authors: Valentina Spada, Salvatore Ostera, Cono Vertuccio, Elena Atzeni, Giovanni Paolo Ligia, Elisabetta Sortino, Alessandro Giuseppe Fois, Pietro Pirina
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) management is vexed when sputum microscopy is negative for M.Tuberculosis in patients with positive Mantoux and symptoms/Chest X-Ray suggestives for TB, especially to decide whether to start treatment or wait for the culture results. Several studies have shown that many smear/culture-negative patients will develop a bacteriologically positive disease later.   Aim:  To assess the percentage of ex-adiuvantibus treatment that has been given and to find out if it should be recommended.   Methods:  We have collected data from medical records of adult patients discharged with TB diagnosis by the Sardinian reference health centers (AOUSL of Sassari, Cagliari, Nuoro) from 2000 to 2009, including acid-fast microscopy by Ziehl-Neelsen and culture examination (Bactec 460–MGIT 960 TB, Lowenstein-Jensen).   Results:  We have notified 686 TB cases (incidence 4/100000 population, half the national rate) of which 80% lung TB: 71% smear positives, 29% smear negatives. Among smear negative patients 36% were treated after a positive culture result, 1.8% although it was negative and 42% before culture, turned out positive in 84.8% and negative in 15.2% of patients; in 22% of cases there weren9t any data on culture and follow-up.   Conclusion:  The percentage of smear negative TB was lower in Sardinia (29%) than at national level (40%). An ex-adiuvantibus therapy would been necessary at least in 70% of cases with a clinical-radiological picture suggestive for TB, but only 34% started treatment before culture result delaying disease recovery. So in these subjects therapy should not be postponed because a negative smear doesn9t exclude a TB diagnosis.
Glandular Epithelial Cells From Mice: A Method for Selective Cultivation2
Authors: Robert B. Owens
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Glandular Epithelial Cells From Mice: A Method for Selective Cultivation Get access Robert B. Owens Robert B. Owens Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 4, April 1974, Pages 1375–1378, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.4.1375 Published: 01 April 1974 Article history Received: 02 November 1973 Accepted: 23 January 1974 Published: 01 April 1974
Colitogenic Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Antigens Access Host Immune Cells in a Sulfatase-Dependent Manner via Outer Membrane Vesicles
Authors: Christina A Hickey, Kristine A Kuhn, David L Donermeyer, Nathan T Porter, Chunsheng Jin, Elizabeth A Cameron, Haerin Jung, Gerard E Kaiko, Marta Wegorzewska, Nicole P Malvin, Robert W P Glowacki, Gunnar C Hansson, Paul M Allen, Eric C Martens, Thaddeus S Stappenbeck
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)
The effects of phenoxodiol on the β -catenin pathway in prostate cancer
Authors: Simon Mahoney, David Brown, Graham Kelly, Michael Millward, Arun Dharmarajan
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

3224   Phenoxodiol is currently in clinical trials as a platinum chemo-sensitiser for platinum refractory ovarian cancer, sensitising resistant cells through regulation of both pro- and anti-apoptotic signalling. Recent literature demonstrates that phenoxodiol induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and also possesses anti-angiogenic properties. We have previously determined that that phenoxodiol exhibits cytotoxic effects against prostate cell lines, LNCaP, DU145 and PC3, representative of different stages of prostate cancer. We have demonstrated that these cell lines showed significant differences, in apoptotic signalling and levels of apoptosis, from Phenoxodiol treatment while maintaining a minimum 40% loss of viable cell population over 48 hours of treatment (Mahoney et al AACR 2006). The canonical WNT/β-catenin pathway has been implicated in cancer cell proliferation as high levels of intracellular β-catenin can stimulate proto-oncogenes such as c-myc, cyclin-D1and p21WAF/Cip1. WNT stimulation causes the breakdown of GSK-3/APC signalling which normally phosporylate β-catenin, following this pathway breakdown β-catenin stabilises and accumulates in the cytoplasm of the cell driving the transcription of specific target genes. LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 cells were treated with Phenoxodiol 10µM and 30µM for 24 and 48hr. We show that Phenoxodiol treatment at 30µM over 48 hours leads to decreasing expression of β-catenin and as a result downregulation of the markers, c-myc, cyclin-D1and p21WAF/Cip1, that drive cell proliferation. Propidium iodide based cell cycle analysis indicates a reduction in the amount of cells in G2 after Phenoxodiol treatment and also indicated significant increases in cell death. The cell cycle analysis indicated that treatment with Phenoxodiol removes normal cell cycle function and regulation from a majority of cells in the population underlining the previous apoptosis experiments. Coupled with the downregulation of the pro-proliferative β-catenin pathway and induction of cell death through non classical pathways, Phenoxodiol shows potential as an important drug of for the future treatment of prostate cancer.
Abnormal overexpression of p53 is a predictive molecular biomarker of Advexin (adenoviral p53) efficacy in recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN)
Authors: Laura L. Licato, Kerstin Menander, Robert E. Sobol, Louis A. Zumstein, Martha French, Dora Bocangel, Jack Roth, Sunil Chada
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

B52   The p53 signaling pathway integrates diverse environmental stimuli and serves as the nodal point for regulation of cell proliferation or cell death via apoptosis. This pathway is disrupted or dysfunctional in >50% of human tumors. In squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), overexpression of p53 protein (p53 + ) is associated with poor patient outcome and poor tumor response to therapy. With the goal of evaluating p53 pathway markers, we have used immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis to evaluate tumor samples from 64 individuals with SCCHN. Overexpression of p53 protein (p53 + ) was found in 47/64 (73.4%) samples examined, as defined by ≥20% of cells positive for nuclear staining using the monoclonal DO7 antibody. Additional p53 pathway proteins were also examined, including HDM2, Bcl-2, p14 ARF , and survivin. Utilizing ≥20% of cells positive as criteria for expression, 47.6% (30/63) of tumors analyzed expressed HDM2, 27.0% (17/63) Bcl-2, 21.9% (14/64) p14 ARF , and 74.6% (44/59) survivin. A subset of the individuals with recurrent SCCHN was treated in Phase II clinical trials using p53 gene therapy (Advexin; Adenovirus-p53). In order to determine whether any of these proteins could potentially be used as a predictive biomarker for p53 gene therapy efficacy, analysis was carried out on the subset of patients treated with Advexin for whom clinical outcome information was available (n=18). Of the markers evaluated, only p53 protein overexpression had a statistically significant correlation with locoregional tumor disease control (CR, PR, or SD, all of >3 months duration) and increased median survival following Advexin treatment. 72.7% of patients with p53 +  tumors demonstrated locoregional disease control, compared to only 14% of patients with p53 -  tumors (p=0.05). In addition, the median survival of patients with tumors overexpressing p53 protein (p53 + ) was 11.0 months (95% CI 6.5-16.0), compared to only 3.0 months (95% CI 1.5-3.5) in patients whose tumors were p53 -  (p
Ultrastructural studies of epidermal lesions in pityriasis lichenoides chronica.
Authors: SATORU WATANABE, JINRO KOMURA, SHIGEO OFUJI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Very early skin lesions from four patients with pityriasis lichenoides chronica were examined by electron microscopy. Aggregates of tubular structures, which resembled those reported in endothelium in lupus erythematosus and are currently being observed in an increasing variety of conditions, were noticed in the epidermal cells of all patients. These cells also showed intracytoplasmic desmosomes, and isolated mitochondria and myelin-like figures in intercellular spaces, in addition to the occurrence of vacuoles and lysosomes in the cytoplasm, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum and alteration of mitochondria. Occasionally, epidermal cells were seen to be individually filled with fibrils. These ultrastructural findings seem to indicate that in pityriasis lichenoides chronica some injury to epidermal cells occurs at the early stage of pathological processes, as suggested by light microscope studies.
The beta subunit of the interleukin-2 receptor mediates interleukin-2 induction of anti-CD3 redirected cytotoxic capability in large granular lymphocytes
Authors: OR Colamonici, R Quinones, A Rosolen, JB Trepel, E Sausville, JC Phares, R Gress, D Poplack, J Weber, GP Schechter
Journal: Blood (1988)
Bacterial and epidemiologic study of the resistance to oxyiminocephalosporins in Escherichia coli in a French hospital
Authors: Nathalie Caroff, Didier Lepelletier, Jean-Luc Orsonneau, Anny Blin, Roger Labia, Hervé Richet, Alain Reynaud
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1999)
Abstract 16748: Application and Utility of iPads in Pediatric Tele-Echocardiography
Authors: Jamie N Colombo, Michael D Seckeler, Brent J Barber, Elizabeth Krupinski, Ronald S Weinstein, Dave Sisk, Daniela Lax
Journal: Circulation (2014)

The remote acquisition and interpretation of medical information (telemedicine) is an integral part of health care. Radiologic images (eg CT scans) can be accurately interpreted on tablet devices with high display resolution. To date, there have been no published studies on the use of iPads for interpretation of pediatric echocardiograms (echo). OBJECTIVES: We evaluated and compared the quality of echo images, diagnostic accuracy, and review time for pediatric echos using 3 different modalities: remote access on an iPad Air (iPad), remote access via computer (Remote), and direct access on computer Ethernet linked to the server (Direct). METHODS: Fifty archived pediatric echos were re-interpreted using the 3 modalities. Studies were analyzed blindly and independently by two pediatric cardiologists. Outcome measures included: time to review, diagnoses and discrepancies, image quality, sharpness, and jitter. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by comparing the study diagnoses with the original interpretation in patient’s chart. Discrepancies were rated as none, minor (one grade difference in severity of lesion, patient management not affected), or major (&gt; one grade difference in severity of lesion, management affected). Remote desktop, Wi-Fi, Verizon, and Ethernet were used. RESULTS: Combining data from both reviewers, there were no major discrepancies, and 9.77% minor discrepancies. There were no significant differences in discrepancies as a function of device (iPad, Remote, Direct). Remote yielded significantly (p &lt; 0.001) worse ratings for image quality, sharpness and jitter with iPad next and Direct yielding the best ratings (Table). Overall interpretation times were different (p &lt; 0.0001) between viewing modes, (iPad longer vs remote vs direct). CONCLUSIONS: Remote echo review on iPads is possible, yields very good-to-excellent image quality, and allows for convenient, and reliable interpretation of pediatric echos.
Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Paul N. Durrington
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Lipids and their metabolism Lipoproteins and their metabolism Normal serum lipid and lipoprotein concentrations Classification of hyperlupoproteinaemia Familial hypercholesterolaemia Common hypercholesterolaemia Hypertriglyceridaemia Drug Therapy of Hyperlipidaemias Secondary Hyperlipidaemia Genetics of Lipoprotein Disorders and Coronary Atheroma The Lipid Clinic Laboratory
Health of White Settlers in Surinam
Authors: N. H. Swellengrebel, E. Van Der Kuyp
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lessons on integration from the developing world's experience Commentary: Challenges in using traditional systems of medicine
Authors: G. Bodeker
Journal: BMJ (2001)

# Lessons on integration from the developing world's experience {#article-title-2}

It is now recognised that about half the population of industrialised countries regularly use complementary medicine. Higher education, higher income, and poor health are predictors of its use.1 This growth in consumer demand and availability of services for complementary medicine has outpaced the development of policy by governments and health professions.

As Western governments grapple with policy issues entailed in integrating complementary medicine into national health services, many developing countries have long since addressed these issues. Their experience constitutes a valuable, although largely unexplored, pool of policy data.

#### Summary points

Integration works best when based on self regulation in relation to standards of practice and training

This needs to be matched by a central or regional system for drug control and evaluation and maintenance of good manufacturing practice; this system should also generate and support a comprehensive programme of research

When conventional medicine dominates complementary medicine, loss of essential features of complementary medicine can occur, and professional conflicts can arise

Policy should aim to keep fees for complementary medicine affordable and within reach of all levels of society

Major sectoral investment is a prerequisite for the development of effective services for complementary medicine; underinvestment risks perpetuating poor standards of practice, services, and products

# Traditional medicine {#article-title-3}

Almost 20 years ago the World Health Organization estimated that “In many countries, 80% or more of the population living in rural areas are cared for by traditional practitioners and birth attendants.”2

The WHO has since backed away from the 80% estimate, settling for the safer position that most of the population of most developing countries regularly use traditional medicine. Whereas most people use traditional medicine in developing countries, only a minority have regular access to reliable modern medical services. Hence the formalisation of the traditional sector has implications for equity, coverage of primary health care, and …
Prognosis of patients reacting with urticaria to insect sting
Authors: T. Engel, J. H. Heinig, E. R. Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1988)

Insect sting challenge in 14 patients with urticarial reaction to last insect sting resulted in two systemic reactions (95% confidence limits 0-6 patients), a reaction rate of 14%. Skin prick test, basophil histamine release, RAST, and allergen-specific IgG, alone or in conjunction, could not indicate the patients to react systemically after sting challenge. Further, the systemic reactions were uninfluenced by type of insect and time elapsed since last insect sting. It is concluded that the reaction to future insect stings cannot be predicted by the immunological tests presently available.
Prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus amongst professional meat handlers in the Netherlands, March–July 2008
Authors: R de Jonge, J E Verdier, A H Havelaar
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

In the Netherlands, meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is detected on pork and veal farms, and hence farmers working with MRSA-positive animals are at an increased risk of being colonised. Recently retail meat products have been found positive for MRSA. Therefore, we tested the prevalence of MRSA among employees who work in the cold meat processing industry and in institutional kitchens. Nasal swabs and samples from the employees' hands as well as the handled meat were tested quantitatively and qualitatively for the presence of MRSA. Typical colonies were confirmed by PCR and typed using multi-locus sequence typing and spa–typing. All samples taken from 95 employees tested negative for MRSA, but 31 carried MSSA. From meat, five of 35 samples were positive for MRSA, containing between 0.01 and more than 10 bacteria per gram. The risk for professionals of MRSA colonisation from handling raw meat was therefore low in our setting, suggesting that the general population is at an even lower risk of being infected through meat handling.
Antilymphocyte globulin, cyclosporine, prednisolone, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for severe aplastic anemia: an update of the GITMO/EBMT study on 100 patients
Authors: A. Bacigalupo, B. Bruno, P. Saracco, E. Di Bona, A. Locasciulli, F. Locatelli, A. Gabbas, C. Dufour, W. Arcese, G. Testi, G. Broccia, M. Carotenuto, P. Coser, T. Barbui, P. Leoni, A. Ferster
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract 3118: Different Calculations Of Ankle Brachial Index And Cardiovascular Risk Prediction
Authors: Christine Espinola-Klein, Hans J Rupprecht, Christoph Bickel, Karl Lackner, Claudica M Messow, Thomas Munzel, Stefan Blankenberg
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The quotient between ankle and brachial blood pressure (ankle brachial index =ABI) is widely used for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) screening. Guidelines on ABI measurement do not uniformly define whether the higher or the lower ankle pressure should be applied to the calculation. We hypothesized that considering the lowest ankle pressure as numerator and the highest brachial pressure as denominator would increase the prognostic impact. Methods: In 831 patients preceding coronary angiography, ABI was calculated for both legs according to the current definition of the American Heart Association (highest ankle pressure/ highest arm pressure) and according to an extended definition (lowest ankle pressure/ highest arm pressure). For each patient the lowest ABI from both legs was used for further evaluation. 15 patients with an ABI &gt;1.5 were excluded. PAD was defined, if an ABI of less than 0.9 could be detected in one leg with each ABI definition. Results: Using the current ABI definition 204 patients (25.0%) and using the extended definition 292 patients (35.8%) with PAD could be identified. Follow-up data (median 6.6 years) was available for 812 patients (99.5%) and 157 patients (19.3%) suffered from cardiovascular events (death, infarction, stroke). Event rate was significantly higher in patients with PAD (current ABI definition: PAD yes / no=28.1% / 16.3%, P&lt;0.0001; extended ABI definition: PAD yes / no=27.4% / 14.8%, P&lt;0.0001). Event rate was 25.0% in 88 patients with an ABI &gt;0.9 using the current and &gt;0.9 using the extended ABI definition. Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) was 1.5 (1.1–2.1) for patients with PAD using the current ABI definition (P=0.02) and 1.7 (1.2–2.3) for patients with PAD using the extended ABI definition (P=0.004) compared to patients without PAD. In addition, including ABI as continuous variable improved the area under the ROC curve from 0.68 (0.63– 0.73) for a basic model to 0.70 (0.65– 0.75) for a basic model plus ABI based on current definition and 0.71 (0.66 – 0.76) for a basic model plus ABI based on extended definition. Conclusion: Using the highest ankle pressure the real PAD prevalence is underestimated and a group of patients at risk is overlooked. Therefore we recommend the use of the lowest ankle pressure for ABI calculation.
CD14++CD16+ Monocytes Independently Predict Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Kyrill S. Rogacev, Bodo Cremers, Adam M. Zawada, Sarah Seiler, Nadine Binder, Philipp Ege, Gunnar Große-Dunker, Isabel Heisel, Florian Hornof, Jana Jeken, Niko M. Rebling, Christof Ulrich, Bruno Scheller, Michael Böhm, Danilo Fliser, Gunnar H. Heine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)