tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Recurrent Herpes
Authors: D. C. Hutfield
Journal: BMJ (1964)

SIR,-After reading recent favourable re- ports concerning buccal oxytocin"3 many obstetricians will have chosen this simpler way of inducing labour.The more conserva- tive among us have awaited news of its dangers.Your leading article (19 September, p. 705) sounded a warning note which might have been louder.The report of a case of ruptured uterus, accompanied by photographs which call to mind the bad old days of intra- muscular Pitocin (oxytocin) (12 September, p. 689) and the further report (3 October, p. 876) of two alarming cases of fierce uterine overactivity are surely good reasons for calling a halt.Pitocin (oxytocin) and its synthetic equiva-
Summit fails to agree new deal on world debt
Authors: M. Rowson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

At the recent summit in Genoa, Italy, G8 leaders announced plans for a global health fund to tackle infectious diseases, but the G8 leaders committed only $1.3bn (£916m) to the fund—a sharp cut from earlier plans for $10bn.

Protestors and police clashed in the streets of the city, and one protestor was shot dead. Meanwhile, inside a ring of steel constructed around the centre of …
Studies on Eaton PPLO Pneumonia
Authors: E. Jansson, O. Wager, R. Stenstrom, E. Klemola, P. Forssell
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Tuberculosis-Fox MBRALJTOURNAL is no residual cavitation at one year and combined chemo- therapy if there is ; and (c) chemoprophylaxis of high-risk groups.During treatment bacteriological examinations are more informative than radiography, and progress can adequately be assessed by smear examinations, which are very cheap.Initially, cultures should be reserved for diagnostic purposes and sensitivity tests for the measurement of the prevalence of drug resistance in the community.A consideration of the results of controlled comparisons of sanatorium and clinic treatment, of rest in bed and ambula- tion in sanatorium, of the relapse rates in patients, and of the risk to contacts, as well as the economics of sanatorium and clinic construction and treatment, leads to the conclusion that developing countries should concentrate on ambulatory domiciliary chemotherapy.Expenditure on tuberculosis must be related to the overall health priorities of the community.Although the views expressed in this lecture are my own, they have crystallized as a result of a period of several years of work as a W.H.O.field-staff member and from many conversations with Indian, W.H.O., and M.R.C. colleagues.estimated to be 80% as sensitive as the earlier F.A. technique (Chanock et al., 1962b).This paper is a report on the results of our studies of Eaton C.F. antibodies in patients with pneumonia who were treated at Aurora Hospital, Helsinki, from
Considering Standards of Care for Anal Cancer
Authors: James Fleshman
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Nutritional Goals in Glycogen Storage Disease
Authors: Julian C. Williams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Three decades ago the pioneering work of Cori and Cori demonstrated the first hepatic enzyme deficiency in humans, that of glucose-6-phosphatase, and elucidated the biochemical bases of several glycogen storage diseases.1 In the ensuing years, inherited abnormalities of most of the enzymes of glycogen metabolism have been correlated with specific clinical entities. Although the incidence of the glycogen storage diseases is low (≤1 per 100,000 live births for each disorder), an understanding of these disorders has had an important influence on our knowledge of normal metabolism and the biochemical adaptations available to the human organism. Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (glycogen storage disease . . .
Thorax 2010: celebrating the success of an international respiratory journal
Authors: J. A. Wedzicha, S. L. Johnston
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Many diseases of adulthood are associated with a woman’s age at menarche. Genetic variation affects age at menarche, but it remains unclear whether in women of African ancestry the timing of menarche is regulated by genetic variants that were identified in predominantly European and East Asian populations. <h3>Methods</h3> We explored the genetic architecture of age at menarche in 3145 women of African ancestry who live in the USA, Barbados and Nigeria. We undertook a genome-wide association study, and evaluated the performance of previously identified variants. <h3>Results</h3> One variant was associated with age at menarche, a deletion at chromosome 2 (chr2:207216165) (p=1.14×10<sup>−8</sup>). 349 genotyped variants overlapped with these identified in populations of non-African ancestry; these replicated weakly, with 51.9% having concordant directions of effect. However, collectively, a polygenic score constructed of those previous variants was suggestively associated with age at menarche (beta=0.288 years; p=0.041). Further, this association was strong in women enrolled in the USA and Barbados (beta=0.445 years, p=0.008), but not in Nigerian women (beta=0.052 years; p=0.83). <h3>Discussion</h3> This study suggests that in women of African ancestry the genetic drivers of age at menarche may differ from those identified in populations of non-African ancestry, and that these differences are more pronounced in women living in Nigeria, although some associated trait loci may be shared across populations. This highlights the need for well-powered ancestry-specific genetic studies to fully characterise the genetic influences of age at menarche.
A REVIEW OF FACTORS INVOLVED IN THE DECLINE OF TUBERCULOSIS
Authors: W. P. SHEPARD
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The present is a favorable time to review the factors involved in the decline of tuberculosis. This decline has been marked and persistent in the United States for more than fifty years. There has been increasing accuracy in reporting causes of death. The antituberculosis campaign has taken organized form in this country and has gained increasing momentum for a generation. The increased tuberculosis deaths resulting from the war can now be studied in the light of postwar declines. The writings of Calmette, Bushnell, Krause, Opie and many others have recently added much to the knowledge of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the disease. The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U. S. Department of Labor has assembled many data on changes in the material prosperity of the bulk of the population. Statistical methods, public health procedures, facilities for treatment, and health education have all improved markedly in the past two
Holistic risk-based environmental decision making: a Native perspective.
Authors: Mary Arquette, Maxine Cole, Katsi Cook, Brenda LaFrance, Margaret Peters, James Ransom, Elvera Sargent, Vivian Smoke, Arlene Stairs
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Native American Nations have become increasingly concerned about the impacts of toxic substances. Although risk assessment and risk management processes have been used by government agencies to help estimate and manage risks associated with exposure to toxicants, these tools have many inadequacies and as a result have not served Native people well. In addition, resources have not always been adequate to address the concerns of Native Nations, and involvement of Native decision makers on a government-to-government basis in discussions regarding risk has only recently become common. Finally, because the definitions of health used by Native people are strikingly different from that of risk assessors, there is also a need to expand current definitions and incorporate traditional knowledge into decision making. Examples are discussed from the First Environment Restoration Initiative, a project that is working to address toxicant issues facing the Mohawk territory of Akwesasne. This project is developing a community-defined model in which health is protected at the same time that traditional cultural practices, which have long been the key to individual and community health, are maintained and restored.
Inflammation of bronchial smooth muscle in allergic asthma
Authors: H Begueret, P Berger, J M Vernejoux, L Dubuisson, R Marthan, J M Tunon-de-Lara
Journal: Thorax (2006)

Recent observations in asthma suggest that bronchial smooth muscle is infiltrated by inflammatory cells including mast cells. Such an infiltration may contribute to airway remodelling that is partly due to an increase in smooth muscle mass. Whether muscle increase is the result of smooth muscle cell hypertrophy remains controversial and has not been studied by ultrastructural analysis. A morphometric analysis of airway smooth muscle (ASM) was undertaken in asthmatic patients using electron microscopy to examine the interactions between ASM cells and inflammatory cells.ASM specimens were obtained from 14 asthmatic subjects and nine non-asthmatic controls undergoing fibreoptic endoscopy. Inflammatory cell counts were assessed by immunohistochemistry, and ultrastructural parameters were measured using electron microscopy in a blinded fashion on smooth muscle cells and inflammatory cells.ASM from asthmatic patients was infiltrated by an increased number of mast cells and lymphocytes. Smooth muscle cells and their basal lamina were thicker in asthmatic patients (9.5 (0.8) and 1.4 (0.2) microm) than in controls (6.7 (0.4) and 0.7 (0.1) microm). In asthmatics the extracellular matrix was frequently organised in large amounts between ASM cells. Myofibroblasts within smooth muscle bundles were only observed in asthmatics, some of them displaying a close contact with ASM cells.In asthma, airway myositis is characterised by a direct interaction between ASM cells and mast cells and lymphocytes. Smooth muscle remodelling was present, including cell hypertrophy and abnormal extracellular matrix deposition moulding ASM cells.
Miss, Mister, Doctor: Preferred titles
Authors: J. M Grange
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2006)

How we are titled is of little consequence I found the editorial (April 2006 JRSM 1 ) on how we are titled most interesting.This is a continuation of the debate that the dental profession has been having for many years, fuelled by both an influx of overseas graduates styling themselves as 'Doctor', and by the development of the role of dentists from 'toothwrights' to practitioners with a more holistic approach encompassing the oral health and wellbeing of those in their care.However all of us, physicians, surgeons, general practitioners and dentists have one thing in commonpatients.But that may be about to change.The same week as the editorial appeared, the chief executive of the Sussex Partnership NHS Trust ordered staff not to refer to people receiving medical care as patients but as clients.This not only demonstrates a misunderstanding of our roles but also devalues both practitioners and those that we care for.Patients are not simply clients or users of health services.Patients are those receiving care, who are given time, are listened to and treated with sympathy, understanding and expertise.There is something special about the term patient, and although to give a precise dictionary definition is difficult, it is well understood by those who deliver the care.How we are titled may well, as the editorial states, be of little consequence; far more important is how we refer to, and perceive, those in our care.
Intercellular Communication Within the Anterior Pituitary Influencing the Secretion of Hypophysial Hormones*
Authors: JEFFREY SCHWARTZ, ROBERT CHERNY
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (1992)

THE study of paracrine and autocrine interactions within the anterior pituitary—cell to cell interactions which influence the secretion of other hormones with extrapituitary physiological actions—has been the focus of expanding research efforts in the last 3–4 yr. It is undeniable that many earlier investigations have aimed to delineate paracrine interactions. In this regard the efforts of Carl Denef (1) and numerous investigators who have studied the pituitary angiotensin II system (see, for example, Ref. 2) cannot be overstated. Nevertheless, the numbers of studies and breadth of investigation have clearly increased recently. Indeed, the prompting of this review is due in no small measure to the simple observation of the increasing number of papers, relevant to paracrine interactions in the anterior pituitary, presented at the Annual Meeting of The Endocrine Society over the past 3 yr. Why has this occurred? One simple explanation is that the adaptation of novel methodology to the study of the physiology of the anterior pituitary has yielded convincing and often surprising evidence for cell-cell communication. These novel methods include:
SPECT/CT for Sentinel Lymph Node Detection in Patients With Melanoma—Reply
Authors: Ingo Stoffels, André Scherag, Joachim Klode
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Purkinje fibre-papillary muscle interaction in the genesis of triggered activity in a guinea pig model
Authors: Z.-Y. Li, C. Maldonado, C. Zee-Cheng, S. Hiromasa, J. Kupersmith
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Previous studies have attempted to characterise the genesis of triggered activity related to early afterdepolarisations. Little is known about their conduction behaviour. This study was designed to examine the origin and conduction behaviour of triggered activations to throw light on the pathogenesis of torsade de pointes.Electrophysiological interactions related to triggered activations and early afterdepolarisations between papillary muscle and Purkinje fibres were studied in the guinea pig in a single chambered bath. EDTA (5 mM) in Tyrode's solution was used and microelectrodes were placed in both papillary muscle and Purkinje fibres.During early superfusion, marked prolongation of action potential duration and early afterdepolarisations occurred in Purkinje fibres but not in papillary muscle. In addition: (1) with prolongation of action potential duration and early afterdepolarisations in Purkinje fibres, triggered activations arose during phase 2 and were conducted to papillary muscle, where they induced activations; (2) the number of papillary muscle discharges increased with the increase in Purkinje fibre action potential duration in a linear correlation; (3) severing a segment of papillary muscle from Purkinje fibres eliminated these papillary muscle activations; (4) some triggered activations did not conduct to papillary muscle; these had smaller amplitude, slower rate of depolarisation (dV/dt), more positive activation voltage, and similar peak voltages compared to conducted triggered activations; (5) a low plateau resulting from electrotonic interaction was recorded at the Purkinje fibre-papillary muscle junction; this plateau may have facilitated conduction of triggered activations.In this preparation there was a disparity of effect on Purkinje fibre and papillary muscle. Prolongation of action potential duration and repetitive activations due to early afterdepolarisations originated in Purkinje fibres and were conducted to papillary muscle. Purkinje fibre-papillary muscle interactions are of interest in relation to torsade de pointes arrhythmias which are believed to arise from this mechanism.
A Catheter Tip Method for Measurement of the Instantaneous Aortic Blood Velocity
Authors: DONALD L. FRY, ALEXANDER J. MALLOS, ALFRED G. T. CASPER
Journal: Circulation Research (1956)

A method of determining the instantaneous aortic blood velocity from the pressure difference between two points along the axis of the aorta was derived from the Navier-Stokes equation. Experimental support for the derived formula was obtained in a flow model and in a living animal aorta. The flow model was a small piston pump which produced a known sinusoidal fluid velocity. The velocity computed from the formula compared well with the known values. In the living animal the formula yielded a velocity curve which compared favorably with those in the literature. The pressure difference from which the velocity was computed was obtained through a specially designed double lumen catheter attached to a differential pressure transducer. The method is applicable only to pulsatile flow.
A Case of Fatal Anaemia
Authors: D. W. Finlay
Journal: BMJ (1885)

4URL4L.eh ljuppr er4.-qf, liggment is.then,aeizsd ,cd doss qdAcf the ?oin,1, apa tlo-patel1a rem4Qved.The ^bsequent stpj Ql ,ip Qri- tio4,jpquA,r !i;0.comijuent, -WhqpL 4h bwmg has, ce4 §^v4 te ct spxfaces of, bops are placed in olose appitipy,and th'duvidp4q ends of tithp ligcientumi p sef1 are Orongky sttched togethqr witi,cab& Jis4t .sil the skin-41aps, -axer btought together in th, .s1,n- ,qrn and the wound c1o4ed,; , rainage tube beng inCte4 The AiJb is at, once put, op;n pastr,f-Paris, wit$a a b*ckplin,-qf drong hoop-iron; another strong 3piee of iron is bent over tle ,qi;.titiaof- the wound, so as to allow thXej?pplication of the proper dressings ; txo side-splints of hoop-ironj,a,bo.npteighteen inches long, rand,& plightl.yiqllowcd over the woquad, are placed lengthways, across the site of the joinit, and over the p.laster-of-P-Aris, !the whole beingr firmly secured by'A bela,,~e.A completely riggr!andcomfortable bed is thus seeured fdr thew injured limiib.1 .,TLupper %nd lower portions of the limb are p*d1ed with French wadding, and, close to the wound, -with 'carbolic tow, If there be any discharge from the wound it will penqtTate the to.xvi,-which can be readily removed and replaced withoutkdisturbing tbp1-mb.,1I,>v QfYrd, 'a !grcat many discnmsions, and read, , gEa41 niany
Back to Hiccup
Authors: Samuel Zak
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Hiccup is known to be a crux medicorum. A number of drugs and measures have been used to combat it, with various results. One of the relatively recent methods consists of the introduction of a suction catheter into the nasopharyngeal cavity. Is it really new? Consider the following: Aristodemus said that it came to the turn of Aristophanes to speak; but it happened that, from repletion or some other cause, he had an hiccough which prevented him; so he turned to Eryximachus, the physician, who was reclining close beside him, and said, "Eryximachus, it is but fair that you should cure my hiccough, or speak instead of me until it is over."—"I will do both," said Eryximachus; "I will speak in your turn, and you, when your hiccough has ceased, shall speak in mine. Meanwhile, if you hold your breath some time, it will subside. If not,
Psoriasis pathophysiology: current concepts of pathogenesis
Authors: J G Krueger
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

Psoriasis vulgaris is a common skin disorder characterised by focal formation of inflamed, raised plaques that constantly shed scales derived from excessive growth of skin epithelial cells. The disease is defined by a series of linked cellular changes in the skin: hyperplasia of epidermal keratinocytes, vascular hyperplasia and ectasia, and infiltration of T lymphocytes, neutrophils, and other types of leucocyte in affected skin. In a relatively short period, psoriasis vulgaris has been conceptualised as a T lymphocyte mediated autoimmune disease and new biological therapies that target T cells have just entered routine clinical practice. Similarly, rapid progress has been made towards dissecting cellular and molecular pathways of inflammation that contribute to disease pathogenesis. This short review presents current pathogenic concepts that have emerged from genetic, genomic, and cellular information obtained in basic studies and from clinical studies of selective immune targeting drugs.
Fatal Malignant Degeneration in Multiple Neurofibromatosis
Authors: Milton J. Sands
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THIS report describes the development of sarcomatous degeneration of fibroma in a patient with multiple neurofibromatosis (Von Recklinghausen disease), and subsequent superior vena caval obstruction, tracheal compression, and circulatory and respiratory insufficiency. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 29-year-old, mentally retarded woman with neurofibromatosis sought medical advice in March 1973 because of exertional dyspnea. A chest x-ray film (Fig 1) showed a posterior mediastinal soft-tissue density overlying the apex of the right lung. Further diagnostic studies were declined by the patient and her family at that time. Dyspnea progressed over the next four months, with edema of the face, head, and neck, and the patient was admitted to Temple University Hospital on Nov 1, 1973. She was in moderate respiratory distress at bed rest. There were numerous pedunculated and sessile neurofibromata and café-au-lait spots covering the entire body. The face and hands were edematous, and the neck veins were distended at