tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
TCT-363 Precision of a Novel High-Definition 60MHz IVUS in Quantitative Measurement: Comparison with Conventional 40MHz IVUS and Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Yuhei Kobayashi, Hideki Kitahara, Shigemitsu Tanaka, Kaori Nakagawa, Kozo Okada, Kyuhachi Otagiri, Paul Yock, Peter Fitzgerald, Fumiaki Ikeno, Yasuhiro Honda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Efficacy and Safety of Apixaban Compared With Warfarin at Different Levels of Predicted International Normalized Ratio Control for Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation”
Authors: Lars Wallentin, Renato D. Lopes, Michael Hanna, Laine Thomas, Anne Hellkamp, Sunil Nepal, Elaine M. Hylek, Sana M. Al-Khatib, John H. Alexander, Marco Alings, John Amerena, Jack Ansell, Philip Aylward, Jozef Bartunek, Patrick Commerford, Raffaele De Caterina, Cetin Erol, Veli-Pekka Harjola, Claes Held, John Horowitz, Kurt Huber, Steen Husted, Matyas Keltai, Fernando Lanas, Liu Lisheng, John J. V. McMurray, Byung-Hee Oh, Mårten Rosenqvist, Witold Ruzyllo, Philippe Gabriel Steg, Dragos Vinereanu, Denis Xavier, Christopher B. Granger
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Short-term respiratory effects of cleaning exposures in female domestic cleaners
Authors: M. Medina-Ramón, J. P. Zock, M. Kogevinas, J. Sunyer, X. Basagaña, J. Schwartz, P. S. Burge, V. Moore, J. M. Antó
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

Symptoms of obstructive lung disease in domestic cleaners have been related to the use of bleach and other irritant cleaning products. The short-term effects of cleaning exposures on respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were investigated in domestic cleaners with respiratory disorders. In a panel study, 43 female domestic cleaners with a recent history of asthma and/or chronic bronchitis completed a 2-week diary, collecting information on respiratory symptoms, PEF and cleaning exposures. Mixed regression models were used to assess daily changes in symptoms and PEF associated with specific cleaning exposures. The probability of having work-related asthma was individually assessed by a computerised diagnostic system and an occupational asthma expert. Lower respiratory tract symptoms were more common on working days and were predominantly associated with exposure to diluted bleach, degreasing sprays/atomisers and air fresheners. Associations with upper respiratory tract symptoms and PEF were less apparent. Eleven (30%) subjects scored positively for work-related asthma. It is concluded that exposure to certain irritant cleaning products aggravates lower respiratory tract symptoms in female domestic cleaners with asthma or chronic bronchitis.
Trade unions and private practice
Authors: K. Fawcett
Journal: BMJ (1976)

cases of significant bacteraemia following proctoscopic biopsy of a rectal polyp3 and barium enema4 both patients had a signifi- cantly altered immune state.The risk of significant bacteraemia following rectal mucosal biopsy is probably small, as no cases have previously been reported.However, it should be borne in mind, particularly in a patient with an altered immune state or in a patient at risk from bacterial endocarditis.
Gallbladder Perforation and Hepatobiliary Scintigraphy
Authors: Renee D. Brown, Italo Zanzi, Gwen Harris, Ritha Alhindawi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

The authors present unusual cholescintigraphic imaging in a patient with acute cholecystitis complicated by perforation of the gallbladder. Tc-99m mebrofenin cholescintigraphy revealed obstruction of the cystic duct and a large photopenic area in the right hepatic lobe. This study correlated with computed tomography scan findings of abundant pericholecystic fluid. The gallbladder perforation and presence of gallstones were confirmed intraoperatively with unremarkable recovery.
Psychological Correlates of Tampon Use in Adolescents
Authors: JEANNE BROOKS-GUNN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Six hundred and nineteen adolescent girls aged 10 to 19 were surveyed regarding catemenial product use patterns and the relation of tampon use to reports of symptoms, attitudes, and family beliefs about menstruation. Napkin use decreased and tampon use increased from elementary to senior high school. Tampons were used by 23% of the 5th and 6th grade girls and 75% of the 11th and 12th grade girls. The majority of adolescents learned how to use tampons from their mothers, although the source of explanation varied by age. Tampon users were less self-conscious about themselves and more comfortable talking about menstruation. A positive family atmosphere was reported by girls who learned how to use tampons from their mothers rather from others. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for adolescent health and particularly toxic shock syndrome.
Use of Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Lithotripsy in Quadriplegic Patients
Authors: Harry Neuwirth
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The indications for extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy treatment of renal stones continue to evolve. In the recent report by Riehle et al,<sup>1</sup>quadriplegic patients were not treated. We have had experience with eight chronic quadriplegics (of 647 patients) between August 1985 and February 1986. The neurologic impairment was due to trauma in six patients, cerebral palsy in one, and brain-stem infarct in one. Criteria for treatment included no active pressure ulcers, sufficient limb mobility that positioning in the treatment chair could be accomplished, and no contraindication to spinal or epidural anesthesia. Four patients had bilateral staghorn calculi, two had unilateral partial staghorn stones, and two had unilateral small-volume radiopaque stones. Ten kidneys have been treated to date. A total of 18 treatments (one to four per kidney) were performed. Epidural or spinal anesthesia was used in all the spinal cord-injured patients to obviate the risk of autonomic
The ins and outs of editing
Authors: Douglas Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2004)

At BMJ USA , we depend on the weekly BMJ for most of our material. The editors meet each month to select the papers, editorials, reviews, and other features we think will be most interesting and informative for our readers. Our pleasant dilemma is that there is often too much good stuff to choose from. The choices we made this month are illustrative.

Selecting the cover story was easy. Eustace and Nelson's editorial on whole body MRI (p 387) combines arresting images with a clinically interesting topic that …
The prince and the professor: With respect, Professor Baum, you've got it wrong
Authors: Alexander Molassiotis
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—In his personal view on the Prince of Wales's speech, Baum takes the view that only evidence based practices should be used, such as those of orthodox medicine.1 Brighthope reminds us that 85% of medical treatments are not supported by solid scientific evidence and only about 1-5% of articles published in medical journals are “scientifically sound,” concluding that poor medical …
Relationship of Low-Density Lipoprotein Particle Size to Plasma Lipoproteins, Obesity, ana Insulin Resistance in Japanese Men
Authors: Tadashi Suehiro, Takashi Ohguro, Ryota Sumiyoshi, Nobukazu Yasuoka, Yuh Nakauchi, Yoshitaka Kumon, Kozo Hashimoto
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To determine the clinical characteristics of patients with small low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles among Japanese men with mild glucose intolerance and to investigate the relationship of LDL particle size to the levels of other plasma lipoproteins, obesity, insulin resistance, and blood pressure (BP). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The subjects were 40 men with impaired glucose tolerance or diabetes treated by diet alone, and 40 healthy men matched for age and body mass index (BMI) were used as control subjects. LDL particle size was measured using gradient gel electrophoresis. RESULTS Of the 40 patients with glucose intolerance, 19 had small LDL (particle size &amp;lt;25.5 nm) compared with only 4 of the 40 control subjects. In the patients with small LDL, the plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and apolipoprotein B, the fasting serum immunoreactive insulin, and the waist-to-hip ratio were all higher than in the patients with normal LDL (particle size ≥25.5 nm), while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was lower. However, there were no significant differences in BMI, BP, or insulin sensitivity in a euglycemic clamp study between the small-LDL and normal-LDL subgroups. CONCLUSIONS Japanese men with glucose intolerance frequently have small LDL, and this abnormality is associated with other dyslipoproteinemias and increased waist-to-hip ratio.
The novel tumour suppressor gene ING1 is overexpressed in human melanoma cell lines
Authors: E.I. Campos, K-J.J. Cheung, A. Murray, S. Li, G. Li
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article The novel tumour suppressor gene ING1 is overexpressed in human melanoma cell lines Get access E.I. Campos, E.I. Campos Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K‐J.J. Cheung, JR, K‐J.J. Cheung, JR Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Murray, A. Murray Department of Medical Genetics, Vancouver Hospital and Health Sciences Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Li, S. Li Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and Dr Gang Li, Jack Bell Research Centre, 2660 Oak Street, Vancouver V6H 3Z6, British Columbia, Canada. E‐mail: gangli@interchange.ubc.ca Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Li G. Li Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 146, Issue 4, 1 April 2002, Pages 574–580, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04641.x Published: 01 April 2002 Article history Accepted: 20 October 2001 Published: 01 April 2002
Serial Plasma Osteopontin Levels Have Prognostic Value in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Vivien H.C. Bramwell, Gordon S. Doig, Alan B. Tuck, Sylvia M. Wilson, Katia S. Tonkin, Anna Tomiak, Francisco Perera, Theodore A. Vandenberg, Ann F. Chambers
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Osteopontin is a malignancy-associated protein measurable in blood and tumor tissue. To evaluate its prognostic value in advanced disease, we conducted a prospective clinical study measuring serial osteopontin plasma levels in women with metastatic breast cancer throughout the course of their disease. Experimental Design: One hundred fifty-eight women with newly diagnosed metastatic breast cancer were enrolled in the study. Plasma osteopontin was measured using our validated ELISA, at baseline and every 3 to 12 weeks during and after therapy until death. Multivariate time-dependent survival analyses were conducted using models that right censored patient outcomes 3, 6, and 12 months after the last known osteopontin measurement. Results: Osteopontin was measured in 1,378 samples (median, 9 per patient). Ninety-nine patients had elevated baseline osteopontin (median, 177 ng/mL; range, 1-2,648 ng/mL). In univariate analysis, elevated baseline osteopontin was associated with short survival (P = 0.02). In a multivariate model incorporating standard prognostic factors, baseline osteopontin was significantly associated with survival duration (relative risk, 1.001; P = 0.038). Metastasis-free interval, visceral metastases, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status 2 to 4 also retained significance. In a multivariate model incorporating standard prognostic factors and changes in sequential osteopontin levels, an osteopontin increase of &amp;gt;250 ng/mL at any time was the variable with the most prognostic value for poor survival (relative risk, 3.26; P = 0.0003), and poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status also retained significance. Conclusions: This is the first study to show that in women with metastatic breast cancer, increases in osteopontin levels over time are strongly associated with poor survival. Sequential monitoring of osteopontin may have use in making treatment decisions for these patients.
Mid-Trimester Abortion by Dilatation and Evacuation
Authors: David A. Grimes, Kenneth F. Schulz, Willard Cates, Carl W. Tyler
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Abortions by dilatation and evacuation after the 12th menstrual week of pregnancy are said to be both hazardous and impractical. To evaluate this hypothesis, we compared the safety and feasibility of 6213 abortions by this means and 8662 induced by intra-amniotic instillation of saline during the 13th to the 20th week of pregnancy. Abortions by dilatation and evacuation had a lower rate for major complications (0.69 vs. 1.78 per cent; P<0.001) and lower rates for treatment of complications, including antibiotic administration (2.22 vs. 5.65 per cent; P<0.001), blood transfusion (0.19 vs. 0.91 per cent; P<0.001), and curettage or manual evacuation of the uterus (0.98 vs. 34.10 per cent; P<0.001). Such abortions also had a lower rate for failure of the method to produce abortion (0.11 vs. 2.52 per cent; P<0.001). Although large, randomized trials are required to determine the appropriate role of mid-trimester abortion by this means, this method appears safe and practical through the 20th week of pregnancy. (N Engl J Med 296:1141–1145, 1977)
Prognostic Value of HIV-1 Syncytium-Inducing Phenotype for Rate of CD4+ Cell Depletion and Progression to AIDS
Authors: Maarten Koot
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Objective: To investigate the relation between detection of syncytium-inducing (SI), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants, rate of CD4+ cell decline, and clinical progression. Design: Prospective study during a 2.5-year follow-up period; cohort study with pairwise matched controls. Setting: The Amsterdam cohort study on the course of HIV-1 infection in homosexual men. Participants: Asymptomatic HIV-1-infected men (n = 225) were tested for the presence of SI variants and were studied prospectively for CD4+ cell decline and clinical progression. In addition, 45 men with a defined moment of appearance of SI variants and45 matched controls without SI variants were compared for CD4+ cell decline. Measurements: Syncytium-inducing variants were detected by cocultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with the MT-2 T-cell line. Results: During a 30-month period, 70.8% of the men with SI variants progressed to AIDS, compared with 15.8% of men without SI variants at entry (P<0.0001). Multivariable Cox proportional-hazard analysis, controlling for CD4+ cell count and HIV-p24 antigenemia, showed a relative hazard for SI variants of 6.7 (95% CI, 3.5 to 12.7). In the matched control study, before the appearance of SI variants, CD4+ cell counts of 45 men with SI variants and their controls were compared. Syncytium-inducing variants emerged at a mean CD4+ cell count of 0.48 109/L (CI, 0.42 to 0.54), coinciding with the onset of a threefold increased rate of CD4+ cell decline. Men developing AIDS with SI variants had decreased CD4+ cell counts (0.08 109/L; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.12) at the time of diagnosis compared with persons progressing to AIDS without SI variants (0.25 109/L; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.41) (P = 0.0035). Conclusions: The HIV-1 biological phenotype is a practical, binary marker for progression to AIDS, which is independent of decreased CD4+ cell counts and antigenemia. Appearance of SI variants, occurring 2 years before progression to AIDS on the average, is predictive for a significantly increased rate of CD4+ cell decline.
Excessive antigen reactivity may underlie the clinical aggressiveness of chronic lymphocytic leukemia stereotyped subset #8
Authors: Maria Gounari, Stavroula Ntoufa, Benedetta Apollonio, Nikos Papakonstantinou, Maurilio Ponzoni, Charles C. Chu, Davide Rossi, Gianluca Gaidano, Nicholas Chiorazzi, Kostas Stamatopoulos, Paolo Ghia
Journal: Blood (2015)
Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease: cohort study of 15 000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29
Authors: D. A Leon, H. O Lithell, D. Vagero, I. Koupilova, R. Mohsen, L. Berglund, U.-B. Lithell, P. M McKeigue
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To establish whether fetal growth rate (as distinct from size at birth) is associated with mortality from ischaemic heart disease. <b>Design</b>: Cohort study based on uniquely detailed obstetric records with 97% follow up over the entire life course and linkage to census data in adult life. <b>Subjects</b>: All 14 611 babies delivered at the Uppsala Academic Hospital, Sweden, during 1915-29 followed up to end of 1995. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Mortality from ischaemic heart disease and other causes. <b>Results</b>: Cardiovascular disease showed an inverse association with birth weight for both men and women, although this was significant only for men. In men a 1000 g increase in birth weight was associated with a proportional reduction in the rate of ischaemic heart disease of 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.67 to 0.90). Adjustment for socioeconomic circumstances at birth and in adult life led to slight attenuation of this effect. Relative to the lowest fourth of birth weight for gestational age, mortality from ischaemic heart disease in men in the second, third, and fourth fourths was 0.81 (0.66 to 0.98), 0.63 (0.50 to 0.78), and 0.67 (0.54 to 0.82), respectively. The inclusion of birth weight per se and birth weight for gestational age in the same model strengthened the association with birth weight for gestational age but removed the association with birth weight. <b>Conclusions</b>: This study provides by far the most persuasive evidence of a real association between size at birth and mortality from ischaemic heart disease in men, which cannot be explained by methodological artefact or socioeconomic confounding. It strongly suggests that it is variation in fetal growth rate rather than size at birth that is aetiologically important.
Glucocorticosteroid inhibition of cytokine production: Relevance to antiallergic actions
Authors: Lisa A. Schwiebert, Lisa A. Beck, Cristiana Stellato, Carol A. Bickel, Bruce S. Bochner, Robert P. Schleimer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)

Glucocorticoids are the most clinically effective treatment for asthma available today?These drugs alleviate the major symptoms of asthma by reducing airway inflammation, mucous hypersecretion, and airway reactivity while restoring the integrity of the airways.However, the mechanisms of action that glucocorticoids use to achieve these effects are not fully understood.We believe that the clinical efficacy of glucocorticoid treatment is, to a great extent, the result of their inhibitory effect on leukocyte recruitment into the airways.As such, this review will provide an updated outline of the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids inhibit the infiltration of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells into the airways.Specifically, this review will focus on recent studies that examine the effect of glucocorticoids on chemotactic cytokine gene expression.
Inhibition of Ca(2+)-dependent K+ transport and cell dehydration in sickle erythrocytes by clotrimazole and other imidazole derivatives.
Authors: C Brugnara, L de Franceschi, S L Alper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

We have investigated the interaction of clotrimazole (CLT) and related compounds with the erythroid Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel, a mediator of sickle cell dehydration. We measured K+ transport, membrane potential, and cell volume upon activation of this pathway in sickle erythrocytes. CLT blocked almost completely Ca(2+)-activated K+ transport in homozygous hemoglobin S cells, with IC50 values of 29 +/- 15 nM in isotonic 20 mM salt solution and 51 +/- 15 nM in normal saline (n = 3). The inhibition of K+ transport by CLT was caused by a specific interaction with the Ca(2+)-activated K+ channel of human red cells, since it displaced bound 125I-Charybdotoxin, a specific ligand of the Gardos channel, with an IC50 (12 +/- 4 nM in isotonic 20 mM) similar to the IC50 values for flux inhibition. When homozygous hemoglobin S cells were dehydrated by incubation in the presence of 100 microM CaCl2 and the ionophore A23187, or by exposure to cycles of oxygenation and deoxygenation, CLT effectively inhibited cell dehydration and K+ loss. The IC50 of CLT for inhibition of Ca(2+)-activated K+ transport in sickle cells is significantly lower than plasma concentrations of CLT achievable after nontoxic oral doses. We therefore propose that oral administration of CLT may prevent red cell dehydration in patients with sickle cell anemia.
Expression of the ErbA-beta class of thyroid hormone receptors is selectively lost in human colon carcinoma.
Authors: S Markowitz, M Haut, T Stellato, C Gerbic, K Molkentin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Members of the erbA gene family are involved both in control of differentiation and in neoplasia. V-erbA, a retroviral oncogene, blocks avian erythroid differentiation. V-erbA-related transcripts are physiologically expressed in multiple normal tissues. They encode a family of transcriptional regulatory factors, some of which are thyroid hormone receptors. In man, two genes, erbA-alpha and erbA-beta, are transcriptionally active. We examined expression of erbA-related transcripts in normal and neoplastic colon. In normal colon mucosa, as well as in a colon polyp and in a colon polyp cell line, three characteristic erbA-related transcripts were consistently found. One transcript of 6 kb was erbA-beta related. Two transcripts of 2.7 and 5.2 kb were erbA-alpha related. In eight patients' colon carcinomas expression of the 6-kb erbA-beta transcript was absent or markedly diminished when compared with the same patients' noninvolved mucosa. In contrast, expression of the two erbA-alpha transcripts was the same in both colon carcinoma and noninvolved mucosa. No evidence was found of erbA-beta gene deletion in any of the tumors lacking erbA-beta expression. These data suggest that selective loss of normally present erbA-beta gene expression accompanies malignant transformation of the colonic epithelial cell.