tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15974: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Technique to Assess Constructive Myocardial Regeneration of a Tissue Engineered Cardiac Patch
Authors: Akiko Tanaka, Keigo Kawaji, Amit Patel, Takeyoshi Ota
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have been applied to repair myocardium. However the assessment of regional functions such as contractility and perfusion during remodeling process has not been well established. In this study, we evaluated the remodeled scaffolds using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR) with strain-encoding (SENC), rest perfusion, and T1 Mapping by modified Look-Locker inversion recovery for extracellular volume fraction (ECV) calculation.   Methods and Results:  The tissue-engineered cardiac patch, derived from porcine small intestinal submucosa ECM incorporated with basic fibroblast growth factor, was implanted into the porcine right ventricle (RV) to repair a surgically created full-thickness defect. CMR and histology was performed at 60 days post-implant. (N=4). Dacron patched pigs served as control (N=5; histology).   Histology:  Remodeled ECM consisted of well-organized repopulated host cells including a monolayer of endocardial endothelial cells, as well as scattered isolated islands of cardiomyocytes. Only foreign body reaction was seen in the Dacron patch, which was supported by the capillary density analysis (ECM: 27.9 ± 10.1/mm2, Dacron: 18.5± 5.2/mm2; p    CMR:  SENC showed contractility in the ECM patch area (peak longitudinal strain: -13.6 ± 1.7 %, vs self-controlled normal RV: -17.9 ± 1.6%). Perfusion revealed reasonably restored blood perfusion in the ECM (relative maximum upslope: 11.5 ± 1.1, vs self-controlled normal RV: 16.0 ± 2.2). ECV of the patch region was visualized and calculated, yielding 78 ± 14 % in the patch; whereas self-controlled ECV value was 27 ± 3 % in normal RV.   Conclusions:  The ECM patch demonstrated constructive repopulation of host cells and early signs of restoring regional myocardial function with positive contractility and blood perfusion. CMR using our protocol showed efficacy to assess the regional and biological myocardial function of a remodeled tissue engineered scaffold
Cirrhosis of the Liver in Rats Following Total-Body X Irradiation&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Julius White
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1955)

Journal Article Cirrhosis of the Liver in Rats Following Total-Body X Irradiation Get access Julius White Julius White National Cancer Institute,2Beihesda, Md. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue Supplement_5, April 1955, Pages 1617–1618, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.Supplement_5.1617 Published: 01 April 1955
Abstract 1837: Effects of the Gap Junction Modifier, GAP-134, on Conduction and Atrial Fibrillation/Flutter Inducibility in Dogs
Authors: Eric I Rossman, Kun Liu, Gwen A Morgan, Robert E Swillo, John Butera, Matthew Gruver, Joel Kantrowitz, Ketil Haugan, Jorgen S Petersen, James K Hennan
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter (AFL), the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmias, are major contributors to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the adult population. Current pharmacologic treatment of AF/AFL is only moderately successful and not well tolerated among patients, highlighting an unmet medical need for safer, effective agents. GAP-134 is the first small molecule gap junction modifier developed for the prevention of AF/AFL. In preliminary experiments, this modified antiarrhythmic dipeptide with similar activity to the antiarrhythmic hexapeptide rotigaptide, significantly prevented conduction velocity slowing in rat atrial strips subjected to metabolic stress at 10 nM (5.6±9.4%) and 100 nM (0.4±5.0%) compared to controls (−29.1±5.3%). In the canine sterile pericarditis model, conduction time (CT, n=5) and AF/AFL inducibility (n=9) were measured 2–3 days post-operatively in closed chest studies, using electrodes placed at the right atrial appendage (RAA), the Bachmann’s bundle (BB), and the posterior left atrium (LA). CT, measured between the BB and LA, was significantly faster after GAP-134 infusion (average plasma concentration was 73.1 ng/ml) at RAA pacing rates of 200 bpm (66.2±1.0 ms vs 62.0±1.0 ms; p=2.49E-08), 300 bpm (64.4±0.9 ms vs 61.0±1.3 ms; p=2.67E-03), and 400 bpm (67.2±1.6 ms vs 65.0±1.9 ms; p=0.041). Induction of AF/AFL was attempted using a burst pacing protocol, at all three atrial sites, starting at 500 bpm and increasing at increments of 20 bpm until 800 bpm. The average number of successful AF/AFL inductions per animal was significantly decreased after GAP-134 infusion (2.7±0.6 vs 1.6±0.8; p=0.021), with the total number of inductions being decreased from 24 to 14. Mean AF/AFL duration per induction (603±119 s vs 260±116 s; p=0.021) and mean AF/AFL duration per animal (1364±419 s vs 705±483 s; p=0.049) were also significantly decreased after GAP-134 infusion, with total AF/AFL burden being decreased from 12280 s to 6348 s. In conclusion, GAP-134 shows consistent efficacy on measures of conduction and AF/AFL inducibility in the canine sterile pericarditis model. These findings, along with its oral bioavailability, underscore its potential as a highly effective atrial antiarrhythmic compound.
A Simple Song of Gratitude
Authors: J R Gilsdorf
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17756: Do Biventricular Mechanics in Transient Constrictive Pericarditis Improve After Medical Therapy?
Authors: Ayman I Ayache, Kenya Kusunose, Hussain A Ismaeel, Muhammad Tariq, Deborah H Kwon, Brian Griffin, Allan L Klein
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Reversible constrictive pericarditis (CP) has been described with resolution of constriction after treatment with anti-inflammatory medications. In our study, we assessed the improvement of biventricular myocardial strain in CP patients treated medically compared to CP patients who underwent pericardiectomy. Methods and Results: We compared myocardial mechanics by 2-dimensional speckle tracking in 16 CP patients (age: 56±13; 75% males) who received anti-inflammatory medications to an age and sex matched CP group (age: 57±12; 75% males) who underwent pericardiectomy. At baseline, both treatment groups had depressed left ventricular (LV) anterolateral wall strain (LWS) and right ventricular (RV) free wall longitudinal systolic strain (FWS) but preserved LV septal wall systolic strain (SWS). In a median follow-up of 150 days the medically treated patients showed improvement of the depressed LVLWS/LVSWS (Pre: 0.61±0.17, Post: 0.89±0.21;P&lt;0.001) and a trend in RVFWS/LVSWS (Pre:0.66±0.45, Post:0.89±0.38;P=0.12), that is similar to the improvement of the depressed LVLWS/LVSWS (Pre: 0.85±0.12, Post: 0.92±0.1;P&lt;0.05) and trend in RVFWS/LVSWS (Pre: 0.77±0.32, Post: 0.86±0.18;P=0.09) of post pericardiectomy patients at a median follow-up of 74 days. Conclusions: Biventricular myocardial strain imaging is a robust technique for assessment of response to anti-inflammatory therapy in CP patients. Medical treatment of CP leads to systolic strain improvement that is more pronounced in the LV and RV free walls, hence having similar impact on the biventricular myocardial mechanics as pericardiectomy.
Clinical validation of breast cancer gene expression signatures using customized microarrays
Authors: Benita Tan, Lay Kar Tan, Kun Yu, Khee Chee Soo, Chow Yin Wong, Allen Yeo, Neng Hung Koong, Wei Sean Yong, Karen Yap, Puay Hoon Tan, Patrick B. Tan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

A81   Current histopathological methods for classifying breast tumors are associated with several limitations, including significant inter-observer variability and their reliance on measuring single biomarkers. Recent studies have suggested that gene expression profiles may represent a useful alternative for cancer classification in the clinical setting. Here, we used a customized microarray platform to assess the robustness of these gene signatures in a prospectively defined breast cancer patient cohort. Using electrochemical  in situ  synthesis, we fabricated microarrays containing approximately 200 genes covering five previously defined breast cancer expression signatures (Estrogen receptor (ER+), HER2, 9Basaloid9 status, low histologic grade, and the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI)), and confirmed both the inter-user and day to day technical reproducibility of the custom array platform by classifying 19 breast tumors and 4 breast cell lines with previously known molecular profiles. Using the custom array, we profiled 58 invasive ductal carcinomas, and compared their classification to standard genome wide Affymetrix arrays and immunohistochemical (IHC) techniques. Of the 58 tumors, 52 (90%) were classified by the custom array into distinct ER+ (23 tumors), HER2 (15), and basaloid (14) groups. The concordance between the custom array and Affymetrix platforms was 85%, with 44/52 cases exhibiting similar classifications. We also correlated the custom array profiles to ER and HER2 IHC. The ER+ signature showed a good concordance of 84% with reported IHC status, which subsequently increased to 90% after IHC reassessment. The HER2 signature initially exhibited a lower concordance of 73% with reported IHC status, however this too increased to 87% after IHC reassessment. We are currently correlating the custom array profiles to other clinical parameters including HER2 FISH, NPI, and patient outcome. Our preliminary results suggest that custom arrays have the potential to function as an alternative diagnostic tool to standard IHC. This may be advantageous as custom microarrays possess I) relatively simple operating procedures, II) confer multiple types of information in a single assay, and III) may improve classification robustness by the simultaneous measurement of multiple biomarkers.
More than 1% of Canadian population suffers hunger
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Although they live in one of the world's richest countries, 57 000 Canadian families in a national survey have been reported as going hungry because of lack of money for food. The families often were single parent families, received social assistance or welfare, were Aborigines living off their reserves, and had a low income.

The data come from the 1994 national longitudinal survey of children and youth. Of more than 13 000 households surveyed, 1.2% (or 57 000 families in …
Structure of the Human Brain. A Photographic Atlas.
Authors: Stephen J. DeArmond, Madeline M. Fusco, Maynard Merle Dewey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Using large-format cross-sectional photographs and corresponding labelled diagrams, this atlas builds a detailed picture of the human brain. Cross sections are cut both horizontally and at 20-30 DG to the horizontal. There are also angiograms and drawings showing the brain's vascular structure.
IFN Unresponsiveness in LNCaP Cells Due to the Lack of <i>JAK1</i> Gene Expression
Authors: Gavin P. Dunn, Kathleen C.F. Sheehan, Lloyd J. Old, Robert D. Schreiber
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract We reported previously that 23% of human lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were unresponsive to IFN-γ. To extend this finding to cancer cells derived from distinct tissues of origin, we assessed IFN-γ receptor signaling in the LNCaP human prostate adenocarcinoma cell line, which in previous experiments by others failed to induce a range of IFN-dependent biological responses. In this report, we show that LNCaP cells fail to respond to either IFN-γ or IFN-α because of an impairment in the proximal signaling events downstream of both IFN-γ and IFN-α/β receptors that lead to the activation of STAT1. Furthermore, we show that LNCaP insensitivity to the IFNs is a result of the absence of expression of the JAK1 kinase, an obligate component shared by both IFN-γ and IFN-α/β receptors. JAK1 was undetectable in LNCaP cells at both protein and message levels. Treatment of LNCaP cells with a combination of inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases induced expression of JAK1 message. These results identify the molecular basis for IFN insensitivity in the LNCaP cell line and suggest that epigenetic silencing of key immunologic signaling components may be one mechanism by which tumor cells evade immune detection and elimination.
Abstract 13353: Methylglyoxal Induces Stem Cell Dysfunction Through Impaired Matrix Interactions After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nick Blackburn, Branka Vulesevic, Brian McNeill, Aleksandra Ostojic, Ross W Milne, Erik J Suuronen
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been associated with poorer outcomes in heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). The contribution of AGEs to post-MI injury has yet to be shown. Methylglyoxal (MG) is considered the most important AGE precursor. To elucidate the role of MG in post-MI repair, this study used a mouse model that over-expresses the MG-metabolizing enzyme glyoxalase-1 (GLO1). Methods/Results: MI was induced in GLO1 over-expressing mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates. MI resulted in increased MG levels in hearts of both mouse groups. Left ventricular ejection fraction was superior in GLO1 mice (46.0±3.3%) compared to WT (33.9±1.8%, p=0.008) at 4 weeks post-MI. GLO1 mice also had smaller infarcts (41.5±2.2% vs. 57.3±7.1%, p=0.05) and improved chamber volumes. Immunohistochemistry at 4 weeks post-MI revealed greater arteriole (p=0.006) and capillary (p=0.03) density in GLO1 vs. WT mice, and an overall reduction in cardiomyocyte death through apoptosis (p=0....
Photostress Recovery Times in Cases of Central Serous Retinopathy
Authors: V E Natsikos, J C Dean Hart
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

Photostress recovery times were measured in 50 normal individuals in the age group 20-50 years and in 27 patients who had developed central serous retinopathy. A flash generator of a commercially available fundus camera was used to provide the appropriate stimulus. The results showed that photostress recovery times were grossly abnormal in patients with central serous retinopathy for the first few weeks after the onset of symptoms, but gradually returned to normal values by 5 months and remained so thereafter. In a few patients during the recovery phase a transient paradoxical response was noted, whereby the photostress recovery times became less than in the unaffected control eye.It appears that the use of a fundus camera to provide photostress stimulus has merit because the light source is subject only to slight variation in intensity, standardization of responses is possible and the technique can be employed on patients about to have fluorescein angiographic studies for diagnostic or documentation purposes.
Complete skin examination is essential in the assessment of dermatology patients: findings from 483 patients
Authors: B. Moran, I. McDonald, D. Wall, S.J. O’Shea, C. Ryan, A.J. Ryan, B. Kirby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Dermatological teaching has traditionally stressed that complete skin examination is essential in the assessment of patients with potential skin disease.To determine whether complete skin examination results in increased diagnoses of skin malignancies that would not have been discovered otherwise.New patients (n = 483) attending a dermatology clinic in a university teaching hospital and private dermatology practice had a complete skin examination, as is our normal practice. These patients were seen over a 9-month period (January-September 2009). All patients were examined by the same consultant dermatologist. Data were collected on patients' sex, age, presenting complaint and findings on complete skin examination.Two nodular malignant melanomas with mean Breslow thickness of 0·6 mm (0·4%) and one melanoma in situ were identified at sites distant from the patient's presenting complaint. Sixteen patients (3·3%) had a basal cell carcinoma that would not have been discovered if the presenting lesion alone had been examined. Thirty-three patients (6·8%) had actinic keratoses or squamous cell carcinoma in situ and nine (1·9%) had dysplastic naevi. A further 21 patients (4·3%) had a suspicious lesion biopsied or excised with subsequent benign histology. Seventy-three patients (15·1%) had other benign dermatological diagnoses requiring treatment or investigation.In a 9-month period, in a sample of 483 new patients, three patients (0·6%) had potentially lethal skin malignancies identified that would not have been diagnosed without a complete skin examination. Sixteen (3·3%) patients had basal cell carcinomas that would have been missed without complete skin examination. This study confirms the traditional teaching that complete skin examination has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality from cutaneous malignancy.
Smad3 deficiency protects mice from obesity-induced podocyte injury that precedes insulin resistance
Authors: Yu B.Y. Sun, Xinli Qu, Victor Howard, Lie Dai, Xiaoyun Jiang, Yi Ren, Ping Fu, Victor G. Puelles, David J. Nikolic-Paterson, Georgina Caruana, John F. Bertram, Mark W. Sleeman, Jinhua Li
Journal: Kidney International (2015)
746. Genomic Stability of Self-Complementary Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus 2 in Mouse Muscle
Authors: Changchun Ren, Sanjay Kumar, Selvarangan Ponnazhagan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Recent studies have demonstrated that packaging of recombinant adeno-associated virus 2 (rAAV) genome as a self-complementary duplex strand (ds) results in early transgene expression, possibly overcoming the rate-limiting second-strand synthesis. In the present study, we evaluated the molecular organization and stability of the ds-AAV genome in 293 and Hela cells in vitro and in the quadriceps muscle of C57/BL/6J mice in vivo as compare to single-strand (ss) AAV-2 genome. The studies were carried out with rAAV containing GFP gene as either ds or as ss structure encapsidated in AAV-2 capsids. Cohorts of mice were injected with 1 × 1011 particles of rAAV-GFP (ds/ss) in quadriceps muscle and the injected tissues were harvested 1, 2 and 3 weeks later. The tissue from each animal was cut into two and processed directly for total DNA isolation or paraffin-embedded for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. The total DNA was subjected to Southern blot analysis and PCR using primers specific for the amplification of linear and/or circular concatemers. Immunohistochemistry was performed with anti-GFP antibody and in situ hybridization using a DIG-labeled CMV probe. Results of Southern blot and PCR analysis indicate increased disintegration of ss-AAV vector genome over time in vivo compared to ds-AAV vector genome. Southern blot and PCR analysis also indicated efficient conversion of the vector genome to concatemers in ds vector. Approximately 30–40% of ds-AAV genome was detected as concatemers as early as three weeks. As expected, transgene expression was detected at early time point with ds vector and persisted stably compared to ss vector. These data demonstrate that ds AAV vectors provide better stability for transgene structure and expression and may have better utility in human gene therapy applications.
Differences Between Early and Late Readmissions Among Patients
Authors: Kelly L. Graham, Elissa H. Wilker, Michael D. Howell, Roger B. Davis, Edward R. Marcantonio
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Background: Early and late readmissions may have different causal factors, requiring different prevention strategies. Objective: To determine whether predictors of readmission change within 30 days after discharge. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Academic medical center. Participants: Patients admitted between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2010. Measurements: Factors related to the index hospitalization (acute illness burden, inpatient care process factors, and clinical indicators of instability at discharge) and unrelated factors (chronic illness burden and social determinants of health) and how they affect early readmissions (0 to 7 days after discharge) and late readmissions (8 to 30 days after discharge). Results: 13 334 admissions, representing 8078 patients, were included in the analysis. Early readmissions were associated with markers of acute illness burden, including length of hospital stay (odds ratio [OR], 1.02 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.03]) and whether a rapid response team was called for assessment (OR, 1.48 [CI, 1.15 to 1.89]); markers of chronic illness burden, including receiving a medication indicating organ failure (OR, 1.19 [CI, 1.02 to 1.40]); and social determinants of health, including barriers to learning (OR, 1.18 [CI, 1.01 to 1.38]). Early readmissions were less likely if a patient was discharged between 8:00 a.m. and 12:59 p.m. (OR, 0.76 [CI, 0.58 to 0.99]). Late readmissions were associated with markers of chronic illness burden, including receiving a medication indicating organ failure (OR, 1.24 [CI, 1.08 to 1.41]) or hemodialysis (OR, 1.61 [CI, 1.12 to 2.17]), and social determinants of health, including barriers to learning (OR, 1.24 [CI, 1.09 to 1.42]) and having unsupplemented Medicare or Medicaid (OR, 1.16 [CI, 1.01 to 1.33]). Limitation: Readmissions were ascertained at 1 institution. Conclusion: The time frame of 30 days after hospital discharge may not be homogeneous. Causal factors and readmission prevention strategies may differ for the early versus late periods. Primary Funding Source: Health Resources and Services Administration, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Harvard Catalyst, and Harvard University.