tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1694: Reduced Incidence of Contrast Induced Nephropathy after Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Routine Use of Visipaque in Unselected Patients
Authors: Jonas Eichhöfer, Joan Ivanov, Mark Osten, Karen Mackie, Vladimir Dzavik
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective: An observational study to determine if the routine use of Visipague contrast solution was associated with a decreased incidence of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients following PCI at a large, tertiary cardiac centre. Methods: The Toronto General Hospital Interventional Cardiology Program maintains a prospective registry of all PCI procedures12951 consecutive patients undergoing PCI from a prospective data registry were assigned to either Period 1 (2000 – 03, various contrast agents were utilized) or Period 2 (2003– 06, only Visipaque was used). The contrast agent was changed systematically to the iso-osmolar agent, Visipaque. CIN was defined as an increase in plasma creatinine of &gt;25% within 24 hours following PCI. Using propensity scores, 2502 consecutive patients undergoing PCI in Period 1, were randomly matched to 2502 patients in Period 2. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictors of CIN. Results: The two well matched cohorts showed no significant differences in major pre-procedure clinical variables. Visipaque was associated with a lower rate of CIN after PCI (Period 1 = 14%, Period 2 = 7%, p&lt;0.001). The multivariate independent predictors of CIN were: Visipaque (OR 0.437, p&lt;0.001), contrast media volume per 10 ml (OR 1.015; p&lt;0.0001), pre-procedure creatinine per 10mmol/L (OR 1.013; p=0.003), ACS (OR 2.861; p &lt;0.001), PCI following thrombolysis (OR 1.952; p=0.022), peripheral vascular disease (OR 1.375; p=0.023), and age per decade over 40 (OR 1.143; p=0.001) Conclusions: After adjusting for significant predictors of CIN, a strategy of routine use of an iso-osmolar contrast agent (Visipaque) appeared to be associated with a lower risk of developing CIN after PCI, especially in higher risk patients. Contrast volume, ACS and age were the most powerful predictors of development of contrast nephropathy.
Targeting Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) in Her-2 over-expressing breast cancer cells induces apoptosis via the signal transducer and activator or transcription-3 (STAT3) pathway and suppresses tumor growth.
Authors: Cathy Lee, Jessie Dhillon, Michelle Wang, Yuanyuan Gao, Kaiji Hu, Eugene Park, Mien-Chie Hung, Peter Eirew, Connie Eaves, Sandra Dunn
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- July 20-23, 2008; Monterey, CA

A14 

Her-2 is over-expressed in 20-30% of breast carcinomas, where it is associated with poor outcome and very high rates of relapse. Unfortunately, inhibiting Her-2 itself has been met with limited success in many cases. Perhaps this is because additional molecular targets lay farther downstream of Her-2. The Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is a transcription/translation factor co-expressed in primary breast tumors harboring amplified Her-2. It also induces Her2 itself along with its dimerization partner EGFR by directly binding to their promoters. Therefore we addressed whether tumors cells that over-express Her-2 are dependent upon YB-1 for sustained growth. Small interfering RNAs targeting YB-1 induced apoptosis in BT474-1 and Au565 breast cancer cells known to have Her-2 amplifications. To address the underlying mechanism for YB-1 mediated survival the potential role for STAT3 was pursued. We determined that inhibition of YB-1 decreased P-STAT3S727 and therefore MCL-1. This was accompanied by decreased P-mTORS2448, total mTOR, and P-ERK1/2T202/Y204. Alternatively, constitutively active STAT3 rescued YB-1 induced apoptosis correlative with increased MCL-1. Furthering the role of STAT3 in these cells, we demonstrate that knocking it down recapitulated the induction of apoptosis. Finally, targeting YB-1 with two different siRNA's remarkably suppressed tumor cell growth in soft agar by >90% and delayed tumorigenesis in nude mice. We therefore conclude that Her-2 over-expressing breast cancer cells dependent upon YB-1 for survival suggesting a new therapeutic target.
Detection, Pathogenesis, and Prevention of Damage to Human Granulocytes Caused by Interaction with Nylon Wool Fiber
Authors: John C. Klock, Thomas P. Stossel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Granulocytes collected by reversible adhesion to nylon wool fiber (NWF) function relatively well in standard in vitro tests; however, they have an abnormally shortened survival time in the circulation. Assuming that this rapid disappearance represents clearance and that recognition by phagocytes is important for such clearance, we used an autologous in vitro cell:cell recognition assay to determine whether phagocytes can detect cellular changes induced by exposure of normal granulocytes to NWF. Human granulocytes incubated with NWF 1 h at 37°C, eluted with 20% acid citrate dextrose plasma, and washed stimulated the hexose monophosphate shunt activity of normal granulocytes an average of twofold (193±40% of controls), indicating a recognition response. NWF-induced granulocyte recognition was not dependent on plasma factors or activated complement components but was dependent on the time that the granulocyte was on the NWF and was maximal by 60 min of exposure. After elution from NWF, granulocytes demonstrated resting glucose oxidation rates only slightly higher than normal; however, during the first 20 min of exposure to NWF, granulocytes increased their rate of 14CO2 production from [1-14C]glucose three- to five-fold. Therefore, experiments were performed to determine whether toxic oxygen metabolites produced by NWF-adherent cells might contribute to recognition. The results showed that (a) normal granulocytes exposed to NWF in the presence of scavengers of superoxide anion (superoxide dismutase) or free radicals (ascorbate, mannitol, or benzoate) and washed before assay did not stimulate glucose oxidation of indicator granulocytes; and (b) NWF granulocytes prepared from cells unable to generate high levels of toxic oxygen metabolites, i.e. cells prepared anaerobically or from a patient with chronic granulomatous disease, also failed to stimulate indicator granulocytes. Human granulocytes placed in contact with NWF show an oxidative burst and become recognizable to other phagocytes. Free radical scavengers are effective in minimizing this recognition conferred on NWF-procured granulocytes.
Abstract 3268: Ethnic Differences in the 12 Lead -EKG - Relevance to the Cardiovascular Evaluation for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy in Athletes
Authors: John Rawlins, Michael Papadakis, Carey Edwards, Sandeep Basavarajaiah, Sanjay Sharma
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction Cardiac adaptation to intense physical exercise is associated with physiological increases in cardiac dimensions that are reflected on the EKG. The EKG changes in Caucasian athletes (WA) are established, however, there is a paucity of data in black athletes (BA) who constitute an increasing proportion of elite athletes in Western countries. We sought to identify differences (if any) in EKG characteristics between BA and WA participating in similar sporting disciplines. Methods Between 2007– 8, 222 nationally ranked male BA aged 14 –35 and 496 WA of similar age, size and range of sporting disciplines underwent a EKG and standard 2-D echocardiography. All athletes with a left ventricular wall thickness &gt; 12mm and deep T wave inversion (&gt; −0.2 mV) underwent Holter monitor, exercise stress test, and cardiac MRI to exclude phenotypic features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Results Black athletes had a greater prevalence of voltage criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (57% vs 42%; p &lt; 0.005), ST segment elevation (76% vs 33%; p &lt; 0.001) and T wave inversions (25% vs 4%; p &lt; 0.001) compared with WA. ST segment elevation in all athletes was confined to the anterior precordial leads but 50% BA exhibited a unique convex ST segment elevation pattern that was absent in WA. There was no correlation between T wave inversions and LVH at echocardiography or cardiac MRI. Indeed none of the BA with T wave inversions displayed any phenotypic features of HCM. Conclusion Black athletes exhibit different adaptive responses to exercise than WA. Deep T wave inversions and convex ST segment elevation are common in BA, with or without LVH and may overlap with HCM. These results have significant implications during pre-participation screening. There is the potential risk of generating a false positive diagnosis of HCM and lead to unnecessary exclusion from competitive sport, if data derived from WA, used to identify an abnormal EKG, is incorrectly extrapolated to BA.
Full Immunologic Reconstitution Following Nonconditioned Bone Marrow Transplantation for Canine X-Linked Severe Combined Immunodeficiency
Authors: Peter J. Felsburg, Richard L. Somberg, Brian J. Hartnett, Steven F. Suter, Paula S. Henthorn, Peter F. Moore, Kenneth I. Weinberg, Hans D. Ochs
Journal: Blood (1997)
Abstract 1984: Histopathologic Validation of Virtual Histology Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis of Peri-calcific Necrotic Core Area
Authors: Sang-Wook Kim, Gary S Mintz, Wang-Soo Lee, Hyoung-Joong Kim, Tae-Jin Lee, Young-Joon Hong, Sung-Yun Lee, Seong-Woo Lee, Hye-Jong Woo, Kwang-Je Lee, Tae-Ho Kim, Chee-Jeong Kim, Neil J Weissman, Wang-Seong Ryu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The effect of calcium-associated acoustic shadowing on Virtual Histology intravascular ultrasound (VH-IVUS) plaque component analysis is unknown. Methods. We harvested 87 coronary arteries from 30 autopsied specimens. IVUS imaging was performed 50mm from the LMCA ostium. We then selected 10 calcified segments for comparative VH-IVUS vs pathologic comparisons. Results. Pt age was 46±8.9yrs and 90% were males. VH-IVUS analysis of the calcified plaque showed 11±3.8% necrotic core, 8±1.9% fibrofatty plaque, 69±9.9% fibrotic plaque, and 10±6.6% dense calcium. Dense calcium was correlated with the size of the necrotic core (r=0.774, p=0.009). Three coronary arteries with moderate to severe calcium were examined histopathologically. VH-IVUS analysis showed fibrotic tissue behind the calcium, but histopathology showed an acellular sclerotic area (dense collagenous tissue) just beneath the calcium with a relatively well-preserved vascular smooth muscle layer. Within the necrotic core, VH-IVUS showed prominent red necrotic core area combined with calcium; however, histopathology showed empty space of decalcification surrounded by just collagenous tissue with outer smooth muscle actin positive cell layer. More importantly, no active inflammation was present around calcium. Conclusion. VH-IVUS necrotic core surrounding areas of dense calcium correlated with dense collagenous tissue histopathologically. It is important not to overinterpret VH IVUS studies of dense calcium with prominent necrotic core. More precise classification/validation for necrotic core is necessary.
Cascade testing is tried and tested and cost effective
Authors: Gaye S Hadfield, Steve E Humphries
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Wald et al suggest that screening children for high cholesterol at the time of immunisation, and then testing the parents of affected children, is an effective screening method for familial hypercholesterolaemia.1 However, their paper does not address acceptability or cost effectiveness.

Earlier data from our group showed that universal screening was much less cost effective than cascade testing (family …
Clinical description of 44 patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia who developed the retinoic acid syndrome.
Authors: Martin S. Tallman, Janet W. Andersen, Charles A. Schiffer, Frederick R. Appelbaum, James H. Feusner, Angela Ogden, Lois Shepherd, Jacob M. Rowe, Christopher François, Richard S. Larson, Peter H. Wiernik
Journal: Blood (2000)
T Cells and Trachoma
Authors: Mark H. Reacher, Jacob Pe'er, Peter A. Rapoza, Judith A. Whittum-Hudson, Hugh R. Taylor
Journal: Ophthalmology (1991)

Frozen sections of tarsoconjunctival biopsies with trachomatous scarring from 14 black adults undergoing corrective surgery for trichiasis, and "normal" tissue from three postmortem controls, were immunohistochemically stained for the major T- and B-cell subsets, and for macrophages and monocytes. T cells outnumbered B cells by 2 to 17 times, and macrophages and monocytes by approximately 20 times in all specimens. Biopsies were categorized as “inflamed” if a cumulative inflammatory score of cellular staining in the substantia propria with CD4, CD8, and OKM1 monoclonal antibodies was greater than that of control tissues. CD4+ lymphocytes predominated over CD8+ lymphocytes in 5 of 7 inflamed biopsies, whereas CD8+ lymphocytes predominated over CD4+ lymphocytes in 5 of 7 noninflamed biopsies. Lymphoid aggregates were present in five inflamed biopsies, but lacked germinal centers, centrally located B cells, or parafollicular T cells typical of the acute stage of trachoma. CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes also were observed in the epithelium and lumen of Meibomian glands. These observations indicate that the inflammatory infiltrate of the tarsoconjunctiva in the cicatricial stage of trachoma is comprised predominantly of T cells, and suggests that T cells may be involved in the genesis of tarsal thickening and conjunctival scarring seen in the later stages of trachoma.
Economic reforms and the acute inpatient care of patients with schizophrenia: the Chinese experience
Authors: M R Phillips, S H Lu, R W Wang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

This study compared insured and uninsured schizophrenic inpatients in China and examined changes in the acute inpatient care of schizophrenic patients during China's economic reform era.Detailed chart reviews of 50 randomly selected inpatients discharged from a hospital in central China each year from 1984 through 1993 identified 321 patients with schizophrenia. Demographic, insurance, treatment, and cost data of these patients were collected from the charts.With logistic regression models to control for confounding variables, the analyses showed that the 129 insured patients were significantly more likely than the 192 uninsured patients to be urban residents, to be older, to have had 7 or more years of schooling, and to have had more psychiatric hospitalizations; moreover, their index admissions were longer and were more likely to include use of traditional Chinese medications. The estimated 19% of schizophrenic individuals in the community with health insurance receive inpatient treatment 2.8 times more frequently than the 81% without insurance. Compared to admissions in 1984-1988, admissions in 1989-1993 were significantly shorter and involved longer periods of polypharmacy with multiple antipsychotic medications but included lower mean chlorpromazine-equivalent doses of medication. The relative cost of inpatient care for an acute episode of schizophrenia increased 3.5-fold over the 10-year period, from 11% of mean annual household income in 1984 to 37% in 1993.Changes in the incentive system for care providers and rapid increases in the cost of care during the economic reform era have resulted in increasingly restricted availability of services for the many schizophrenic patients without health insurance.
Abstract 17839: Attenuated Plaque: Novel IVUS Predictors of No-reflow in the Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Thrombus-Containing Lesions
Authors: Sung-Yun Lee, Jun Huyng Doh, Sang-Wook Kim, Young Joon Hong
Journal: Circulation (2011)

We investigated the relationship between no-reflow and pre-intervention intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings in 87 patients with angiographic evidence of target lesion thrombus (defined as presence of generalized haziness or filling defect) within native arteries undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without a distal protection device. Angiographic no-reflow was defined as post-PCI TIMI flow grade 0∼2. IVUS assessment included (1) morphological characteristics of thrombus (scintillating appearance, lobulated mass, distinct interface between the suspect thrombi and plaque, or microchannels within a lobulated mass), (2) thrombus mobility, and (3) presence of attenuated plaque (plaque with deep echo attenuation, but without calcification). Results: There were no serious IVUS-imaging related procedural complications. IVUS identified thrombus in 59 lesions (67.8%): scintillation in 39.1%, lobulated mass in 56.3%, distinct interface in 10.3%, microchannels in 9.2%, mobility in 24.1%, and attenuated plaque in 41.4%. Most attenuated plaques (88.9%) were detected at the minimal lumen area site. No-reflow was observed in 21 lesions post-PCI (24.1%). In general, IVUS features of thrombus were significantly more common in lesions that developed no-reflow; however, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that attenuated plaque (p=0.012; OR, 6.04; 95% CI, 2.33∼15.70) and thrombus mobility (p&lt;0.0001; OR, 31.33; 95% CI, 6.54∼149.93) were independent predictors of post-PCI no-reflow in angiographic thrombus-containing lesion. Conclusions: IVUS imaging of angiographic thrombus-containing target lesions is safe. In thrombus-containing native coronary artery lesions IVUS findings of mobility and attenuated plaque predict no-reflow; and the use of distal protection should be considered.
EDS IV (Acrogeria): New Autosomal Dominant and Recessive Types
Authors: F M Pope, A C Nicholls, P M Jones, R S Wells, D Lawrence
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

Evidence is presented that type IV of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS IV) is genetically variable. A benign autosomal dominant form and two autosomal recessive variants are described with clinical and biochemical features that are distinct from classical acrogeria.
Abstract 15810: Air Pollution is Associated With Increased Blood Pressure: Results From High-Exposed Individuals in Beijing, China
Authors: Andrea Baccarelli, Francesco Barretta, Chang Dou, Xiao Zhang, John McCracken, Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Joel Schwartz, Sheng Wang, Lifang Hou
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Particulate Matter (PM) air pollution is critical in Beijing, China, due to very high population density, rapid increase in the number of vehicles, and limited control of industrial emis...
Graft-Versus-Host-Disease Recruits Both Monocyte and Pre-Conventional Dendritic Cell-Derived Tissue Antigen Presenting Cells Independent Of CCR2 and CCR6
Authors: Sarah Morin-Zorman, Christian Wysocki, Catherine Matte-Martone, Kathryn W Juchem, Hung Sheng Tan, Srividhya Venkatesan, David Rothstein, Fadi Lakkis, Warren D Shlomchik
Journal: Blood (2013)
Preventive Effect of a Lactobacillus casei Preparation on the Recurrence of Superficial Bladder Cancer in a Double-Blind Trial
Authors: Yoshio Aso, Hideyuki Akaza, Toshihiko Kotake, Taiji Tsukamoto, Kyoichi Imai, Seiji Naito, None and the BLP Study Group
Journal: European Urology (1995)
Abstract 16690: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI): A Five Year Single-Center Experience
Authors: Fadi Al-Rashid, Matthias Thielmann, Polykarpos-Christos Patsalis, Till Neumann, Thomas Konorza, Daniel Wendt, Heinz Jakob, Raimund Erbel, Philipp Kahlert
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has evolved to an accepted treatment option for high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. We report our five year experience comparing transfemoral (TF) and transapical (TA) TAVI using the the balloon-expandable Edwards and the self-expandable Medtronic-CoreValve (MCV) prosthesis. Methods: From 01/2006 to 05/2011, 329 high-risk patients underwent TAVI (TF: n=223 [Edwards n=135; MCV n=98]; TA: n=106). We analysed procedural data and outcome of this cohort. Results: Patients undergoing TA-TAVI were older (82±4 vs. 80±6yrs; p=0.071) and significantly sicker than TF-TAVI patients (EuroScore 33±15% vs. 19±13%; p&lt;0.001). Procedural success was achieved in all but four patients (TF: n=2; TA n=2, p=0.740) .We found a non-significant trend towards a higher 30-day mortality (11% vs. 8%, p=0.270) and cumulative mortality in the sicker TA-TAVI patient cohort (figure 1). Interestingly, in both groups there was an apparent learning curve which was reflected in a significantly better survival (30-day mortality: TF: 18%vs.8%; p=0.034; TA: 31%vs.8%; p=0.003) in the second half of each group (figure 2). There was no signifcant difference between the Edwards and Corevalve prosthesis in the transfemoral approach. Long term mortality was mainly due to non-cardiac deaths. Conclusion: TAVI can be performed with high procedural success rates after an inherent learning curve. As expected by different baseline characteristics, TA-TAVI patients had a higher mortality than TF-TAVI patients. Overall, the five year data show positive results of this novel treatment.
Should protracted withdrawal from drugs be included in DSM-IV?
Authors: S L Satel, T R Kosten, M A Schuckit, M W Fischman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors reviewed both clinical data and selected laboratory research related to withdrawal from alcohol, opiates, and stimulants in order to draw a conclusion about whether the phenomenon of protracted withdrawal exists and should be included in DSM-IV.Studies were located through computerized searches and reference sections of published articles.Symptoms extending beyond the period of acute withdrawal in alcohol and opiate dependence have been fairly consistently described; this is not the case with cocaine. Nevertheless, protracted alcohol and opiate withdrawal has not been conclusively demonstrated because of the failure of studies to do multiple time point sampling, to use standardized instruments and control groups, and to re-administer the substance in an attempt to suppress withdrawal symptoms. Further, the concept of protracted withdrawal itself is ambiguously defined. This confounds interpretation of the literature and precludes derivation of a unified concept of the term, which would be necessary for adding the diagnosis to DSM-IV.There is insufficient documentation to justify inclusion of protracted withdrawal in DSM-IV because of methodologic limitations of the studies and lack of consensus definition of the term itself. An outline for conceptualizing protracted withdrawal is offered in which the symptoms can be seen as: 1) a global post-use syndrome, 2) attenuated physiologic rebound, 3) toxic residuals, 4) expression of preexisting symptoms unmasked by cessation of use. Future efforts to identify signs and symptoms of protracted withdrawal should carefully define the parameters of the syndrome.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Clinical Practice Guidelines
Authors: Andrew D. Zelenetz, Ranjana H. Advani, Francis Buadi, Fernando Cabanillas, Michael A. Caligiuri, Myron S. Czuczman, Lloyd E. Damon, Luis Fayad, Ian W. Flinn, Andres Forero, Martha J. Glenn, Jon P. Gockerman, Leo I. Gordon, Nancy Lee Harris, Richard T. Hoppe, Mark S. Kaminski, Ann S. LaCasce, Auyporn Nademanee, Pierluigi Porcu, Oliver Press, Leonard Prosnitz, Mitchell R. Smith, Eduardo M. Sotomayor, Julie M. Vose, Joachim Yahalom
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2006)

Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) may be classified on the basis of morphology, natural history, and immunophenotypic and molecular characteristics. These guidelines were developed for more common NHL histologic types, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and for less common entities with unique natural histories and therapies, such as marginal zone lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma, and highly aggressive lymphoma subtypes, including Burkitt's, and lymphoblastic lymphomas and AIDS-related B-cell lymphomas. Certain components of the diagnosis and therapy of the various NHLs are similar. In all cases, an accurate pathologic diagnosis must first be made. For the most recent version of the guidelines, please visit NCCN.org