tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A NEW OPERATION FOR STRICTURE OF THE RECTUM.
Authors: M. G. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1890)

In no reports upon rectal surgery has the writer seen presented the principles and procedure of the following operation for stricture of the rectum, and therefore the novelty is claimed in the title to this report. Mrs. B., æt. 32, giving history of syphilis, with a subsequent rectal stricture and fistula in ano. The symptoms of stricture, growing worse each month and not having more than one operation on bowels a week, brought the patient under examination July 28, 1890. After inducing anæsthesia examination revealed a fistulous tract from superficial sphincter opening one and one-half inches from anus, also flaps or folds of mucous tissue around the anus; within were infiltration and thickening of mucous and submucous structure, and about three inches above the anus an annular stricture almost occluding the rectum. After dividing the fistula and superficial sphincter, a pair of uterine dressing forceps were introduced through the stricture,
Physician-Scientist Training--Reply
Authors: Timothy Ley, Leon Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thrombosis of the Penis
Authors: Laurence A. Grossman
Journal: JAMA (1965)

THROMBOSIS of the dorsal vein of the penis is an uncommon clinical entity. The available literature on the subject is limited. Helm and Hodge, 1 in 1958, reported such a patient, but were unable to determine the cause. Harrow and Sloane 2 described nine instances of thrombophlebitis of the penis. Trauma was the important causative factor. Sexual intercourse preceded the thrombophlebitis in three patients. One instance of thrombophlebitis occurred after direct injury by a golf ball. In two patients, the lesion developed spontaneously without apparent cause. Aubertin, Roy, and Fenelon, 3 in 1960, described a case of thrombosis of the corpus cavernosum in a patient with gout. The following case report is of interest because the thrombophlebitic process was at first thought to be idiopathic, but subsequently has proved to be a manifestation of a systemic disorder—thromboangiitis obliterans.  Report of a Case  A 34-year-old lawyer was admitted to Vanderbilt University
Two Cases of Gangrenous Intussusception in Childhood
Authors: D. J. Conway, R. L. G. Dawson
Journal: BMJ (1949)

Early surgical correction of an acute intestinal intussuscep- tion in childhood usually results in a satisfactory recovery, but when gangrene of the constricted bowel has occurred the mortality rate is very high.Only three recoveries were reported by Ladd and Gross (1941) in 18 cases in which a primary anastomosis was carried out to deal with this com- plication.A Mikulicz double enterostomy operation pro- duced only seven recoveries in 25 cases.Similar experi- ences have been recorded by Nyborg (1943) and by Wakeley and Atkinson (1938).
Splenectomy for Myeloid Metaplasia
Authors: Bert Seligman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

IN view of the recent report in the Journal of 5 cases of myeloid metaplasia treated by splenectomy,† the following case may be of interest.Case ReportMrs. I. M., a 64-year-old housewife, was admitted to Flower Hospital, Toledo, Ohio, on January 20, 1950. She had noted progressive enlargement of the abdomen during the past year, with epigastric fullness, distress after a heavy meal and pain and bleeding from hemorrhoids.Physical examination revealed a large, hard, nontender mass in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen, which appeared to be an enormous spleen.The red-cell count was 3,840,000, with a . . .
An Address delivered before the Clinical Society of London
Authors: E. H. Greenhow
Journal: BMJ (1879)

GENTLEMEN,-On taking the President's chair for the first time, I beg to thank you most heartily for the great honour you have conferred upon me-an honour which is much enhanced, in my estimation, by the cir- cumstance that it is bestowed by my professional brethren; and that it is held in connection with a Society founded for the special purpose of advancing that branch of medical science upon the study of which my life-long thoughts and energies have been centred.When, indeed, I was nominated by the Council for the office of President, I felt much diffidence as to the propriety of
F-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Tc-99m Pertechnate Scan Findings of a Patient With Unilateral Subacute Thyroiditis
Authors: Yoo Sung Song, Su Jin Jang, June-Key Chung, Dong Soo Lee
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 57-year-old man visited the clinic with myalgia and neck pain. The patient complained of previous upper respiratory infection (URI) symptoms. Mild goiter was found on physical examination. Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) was elevated (59 mm/h). Thyroid function tests revealed an elevated free T4 (4.53 ng/dL), decreased TSH (<0.05 uIU/mL), and normal microsomal antibody (<25 U/mL). The patient was diagnosed with subacute thyroiditis. The whole right thyroid lobe was not visualized on the Tc-99m pertechnate thyroid scan, but the F-18 FDG PET scan showed hypermetabolism of the right lobe. During the initial phase of subacute thyroiditis, Tc-99m pertechnate scan and F-18 FDG PET can show different findings.
A10.13 Identification of Immunophenotypic Signatures in Peripheral Blood of Multiple Sclerosis Patients by Multiparametric Flow Cytometry
Authors: Ursula Schulte-Wrede, Berit Rosche, Joachim R Grün, Andreas Radbruch, Andreas Grützkau
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS with unknown aetiology until now. CD4+ T helper (Th) 1 cells, proinflammatory Th17 cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, natural killer (NK) cells and denritic cells (DC) are accepted to play in important role in pathogenesis of disease. Lymphocytes of the peripheral blood from multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are characterised by proinflammatory function but robust cell surface markers to distinguish patients from controls are not available until now. <h3>Methods/Results</h3> In this study we analysed frequency and phenotype of blood cell subsets by multicolour staining including up to 50 different monoclonal antibodies that allowed detecting 894 parameter combinations per sample, including 99 control parameters. Relative event numbers, absolute cell numbers and relative fluorescence intensities of all fluorochromes were compared between 10 patients with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) or early relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and 10 healthy age- and sex-matched controls and were analysed in a semiautomatic manner. Statistical significant results in expression profile between both groups were found involved receptors in inflammation (CD119, CD62L, CRTH2) on cells of adaptive and also innate immunity (Welch t-test &lt; 0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> The results identify a MS specific profile of peripheral blood leukocytes by a multiparametric cytometric approach. Thus, the large-scale immunophenotyping is appropriate tool to identify new disease relevant leukocyte subtypes and receptors and may have implications for diagnosis, pathophysiological understanding and therapy-monitoring of patients with MS and other autoimmune diseases.
Quantum Leaps, Microeconomics, and the Treatment of Patients With Hepatitis C and HIV Coinfection
Authors: Michael S. Saag
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The quality of care. How can it be assessed?
Authors: A. Donabedian
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Before assessment can begin we must decide how quality is to be defined and that depends on whether one assesses only the performance of practitioners or also the contributions of patients and of the health care system; on how broadly health and responsibility for health are defined; on whether the maximally effective or optimally effective care is sought; and on whether individual or social preferences define the optimum. We also need detailed information about the causal linkages among the structural attributes of the settings in which care occurs, the processes of care, and the outcomes of care. Specifying the components or outcomes of care to be sampled, formulating the appropriate criteria and standards, and obtaining the necessary information are the steps that follow. Though we know much about assessing quality, much remains to be known. (<i>JAMA</i>1988;260:1743-1748)
449 COMPLICATIONS AFTER ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY (ERCP) IN LIVER TRANSPLANT (LT) RECIPIENTS
Authors: D. Balderramo, J.M. Bordas, O. Sendino, A. Gines, A. Mata, G. Fernandez-Esparrach, M. Pellise, M. Navasa, J. Llach, A. Cardenas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The Disconnect Between Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice—Stressed Out
Authors: George A. Diamond
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Human Paraoxonase Gene Cluster Transgenic Overexpression Represses Atherogenesis and Promotes Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability in ApoE-Null Mice
Authors: Zhi-Gang She, Wei Zheng, Yu-Sheng Wei, Hou-Zao Chen, Ai-Bing Wang, Hong-Liang Li, Guang Liu, Ran Zhang, Jin-Jing Liu, William B. Stallcup, Zhongjun Zhou, De-Pei Liu, Chih-Chuan Liang
Journal: Circulation Research (2009)

The paraoxonase (PON) gene cluster consists of the PON1, PON2, and PON3 genes, each of which can individually inhibit atherogenesis. To analyze the functions of the PON gene cluster (PC) in atherogenesis and plaque stability, human PC transgenic (Tg) mice were generated using bacterial artificial chromosome. The high-density lipoprotein from Tg mice exhibited increased paraoxonase activity. When crossed to the ApoE-null background and challenged by high-fat diet, PC Tg/ApoE-null mice formed significantly fewer atherosclerotic lesions. However overexpression of the PC transgene had no additive effect on atherosclerosis compared to the overexpression of the single PON1 or PON3 transgene. Plaques from PC Tg/ApoE-null mice exhibited increased levels of collagen and smooth muscle cells, and reduced levels of macrophages and lipid, compared with those from ApoE-null mice, indicating lesions of PC Tg/ApoE-null mice had characteristics of more stable plaques than those of ApoE-null mice. PC transgene enhanced high-density lipoprotein ability to protect low-density lipoprotein against oxidation in vitro. Serum intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were also repressed by PC transgene. Proatherogenic reactions of Tg mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein were inhibited by PC transgene, as indicated by reduced reactive oxygen species generation, inflammation, matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression, and foam cell formation. Our results demonstrate that the PC transgene not only represses atherogenesis but also promotes atherosclerotic plaque stability in vivo. PC may therefore be a useful target for atherosclerosis treatment.
Letter by Argulian and Messerli Regarding Article, “Effect of Early Metoprolol on Infarct Size in ST-Segment–Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: The Effect of Metoprolol in Cardioprotection During an Acute Myocardial Infarction (METOCARD-CNIC) Trial”
Authors: Edgar Argulian, Franz H. Messerli
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Effect of cholecystokinin on lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations in humans.
Authors: M Ledeboer, A A Masclee, M R Batstra, J B Jansen, C B Lamers
Journal: Gut (1995)

The effect of cholecystokinin (CCK) on the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) pressure, frequency of transient LOS relaxations, and the number of reflux episodes was investigated in six healthy subjects. LOS pressure was recorded on four separate occasions during continuous intravenous infusion of either saline or CCK-33 in doses of 0.25, 0.5, or 1.0 Ivy Dog units per kg body weight per hour (IDU.kg-1.h-1) for 90 minutes. Plasma CCK concentrations did not change during saline infusion, but increased significantly from 2.5 (0.3) pmol/l to steady state levels of 4.0 (0.4) pmol/l, 6.1 (0.4) pmol/l, and 9.3 (0.9) pmol/l respectively starting from 30 minutes. LOS pressure did not change significantly during infusion of saline or of CCK-33 at doses of 0.25 or 0.5 IDU.kg-1.h-1. However, a significant (p &lt; 0.05) reduction in LOS pressure to a minimum level of 12 (4) mm Hg at 30 minutes compared with basal level (18 (4) mm Hg) and compared with saline was observed during infusion of CCK-33 at a dose of 1.0 IDU.kg-1.h-1. In addition, oesophageal motility and pH were recorded simultaneously in these six subjects on two separate occasions one hour before (fasting) and three hours during administration of a gastric load (dextrose 5%, pH 3) combined with continuous intravenous infusion of saline or CCK-33 at a dose of 1.0 IDU,kg-1.h-1. Plasma CCK concentrations did not change during the gastric load combined with saline, but increased significantly to a steady state level of 10.8 (0.8) pmol/l during intravenous infusion of CCK. The number of transient LOS relaxations increased significantly in the first hour during administration of the gastric load compared with fasting levels, both during saline infusion (fasting: 1.7 (0.6)/h, 1st hour: 4.3 (1.2)/h) and during CCK infusion (fasting: 1.7 (0.5)/h, 1st hour: 3.8 (0.7)/h). In the second and third hours the number of transient LOS relaxations fell to fasting levels in both experiments. No significant differences were observed in the number and type of transient LOS relaxations, mechanism of gastro-oesophageal reflux, or duration of acid exposure between the two experiments. It is concluded that in healthy subjects infusion of CCK-33 in a dose of 1.0 IDU.kg-1.h-1 significantly reduces LOS pressure but does not affect the frequency of transient LOS relaxations or acid exposure time during a continuous liquid gastric load.
Births resulting from assisted conception.
Authors: L Chitty, M Pembrey
Journal: BMJ (1990)

surprised by the relatively low proportioi of patients (two fifths) receiving internal mammary artery grafts according to the United Kingdom cardiac surgical register.We analysed the last 100 consecutive patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery in our hospital from December 1989 to May 1990.Ninety nine patients received the following arterial grafts: left internal mammary artery (75); both internal mammary arteries (22); right internal mammary artery (1); both internal mammary arteries and gastroepiploic artery (1).A sequential left internal mammary graft was used in three patients, and a free right internal mammary graft was used in three patients.The mean number of distal venous graft anastomoses was 2 5.The operative mortality was zero.Two patients had postoperative mediastinitis; both recovered well.We hope that our favourable experience with arterial conduits will encourage their increased use.
Bronchial asthma caused by <i>Lathyrus sativus</i> flour
Authors: R. Valdivieso, S. Quirce, T. Sainz
Journal: Allergy (1988)

A 10‐year‐old child with asthmatic attacks related to Lathyrus sativus flour inhalation was studied in our department. Skin test and specific bronchial provocation challenge were positive. Specific IgE antibodies to Lathyrus sativus flour was demonstrated by indirect enzyme immunoassay. We suggest that our patient's allergic symptoms were due to the development of Type I allergic reactivity to L. sativus antigens.
Right atrial monophasic action potential and effective refractory periods in relation to physical training and maximal heart rate
Authors: L. BRORSON, T. B. CONRADSON, B. OLSSON, E. VARNAUSKAS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Journal Article Right atrial monophasic action potential and effective refractory periods in relation to physical training and maximal heart rate Get access L. BRORSON, L. BRORSON From the Division of Cardiology, Medical Clinic I, Sahlgren 's Hospital, S-4I3 45 Goteborg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar T. B. CONRADSON, T. B. CONRADSON From the Division of Cardiology, Medical Clinic I, Sahlgren 's Hospital, S-4I3 45 Goteborg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. OLSSON, B. OLSSON From the Division of Cardiology, Medical Clinic I, Sahlgren 's Hospital, S-4I3 45 Goteborg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. VARNAUSKAS E. VARNAUSKAS From the Division of Cardiology, Medical Clinic I, Sahlgren 's Hospital, S-4I3 45 Goteborg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 10, Issue 2, March 1976, Pages 160–168, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/10.2.160 Published: 01 March 1976
Number of animal experiments in the UK rises by 8%
Authors: N. Hawkes
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Experiments on animals increased by 8% in 2012 to a total of 4.11 million, leading to accusations that the government is failing in its pledge to work to reduce the number.1

The increase is accounted for by a greater number of procedures involving genetically modified animals, which for the first time exceeded those for non-genetically modified animals. If genetically modified animals are excluded, the number of procedures fell by 2% in 2012 compared with 2011.

There was also a large percentage increase in procedures involving non-human primates, up 22% to 545. But Judy MacArthur Clark, head of the Home Office’s Animals in Science Regulation Unit, said that this was largely an accident of timing. The overall numbers are small and fell sharply in 2011, so this year’s rise can be accounted for by projects delayed in 2011 that started early in 2012.

The …
Cytomegalovirus Complement-Fixation Antibody Levels of Leukemic Children
Authors: Margaret P. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Initial cytomegalovirus complement-fixation antibody titers were positive in two of 16 leukemic children (12%) who had received chemotherapy for less than one month. Longitudinal titer determinations in this group showed nine seroconversions, the median time for seroconversion being two months. Illnesses suggestive of viral infection preceded seroconversion in four children. Fulminating, life-threatening pneumonitis developed in one child, who was treated with floxuridine. Antibody titers of initial sera were positive in 12 of 25 children (48%) receiving chemotherapy more than one month. In this second group of children, fluctuations in established titers showed no correlation with clinical events. Further studies are needed to elucidate the pathogenesis of cytomegalic inclusion disease which may be fatal, in transplant recipients and chemotherapy patients experiencing immunosuppression.
Lung fluid transport in aquaporin-5 knockout mice
Authors: Tonghui Ma, Norimasa Fukuda, Yuanlin Song, Michael A. Matthay, A.S. Verkman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

The mammalian lung expresses water channel aquaporin-1 (AQP1) in microvascular endothelia, AQP4 in airway epithelia, and AQP5 at the apical plasma membrane in type I cells of alveolar epithelia. We previously studied the role of AQP1 and AQP4 in lung fluid transport using knockout mice. Here, we examined the role of AQP5 using AQP5 knockout mice, which were recently shown to manifest defective saliva secretion. AQP5 deletion did not affect lung morphology at the light microscopic level, nor did it affect the distribution or expression of aquaporins 1, 3, or 4. Airspace-capillary osmotic water permeability (Pf) was measured in isolated perfused lungs by pleural surface fluorescence and gravimetric methods. Pf was reduced 10-fold by AQP5 deletion and was further reduced by 2- to 3-fold in AQP1/AQP5 double-knockout mice. Hydrostatic lung edema in response to acute increases in pulmonary artery pressure was not affected by AQP5 deletion. Active alveolar fluid absorption was measured in an in situ lung model from the increase in concentration of a volume marker in an isosmolar alveolar instillate. Interestingly, fluid absorption did not differ in litter-matched AQP5 knockout mice, nor was there an effect of AQP5 deletion when fluid absorption was maximally stimulated by pretreatment of mice with keratinocyte growth factor. These results indicate that AQP5 is responsible for the majority of water transport across the apical membrane of type I alveolar epithelial cells. The unimpaired alveolar fluid clearance in AQP5-null mice indicates that high alveolar water permeability is not required for active, near-isosmolar fluid transport.