tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal hemodialysis
Authors: A Pierratos, M Ouwendyk, R Francoeur, S Vas, D S Raj, A M Ecclestone, V Langos, R Uldall
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)

There is evidence that high frequency, as well as long duration, hemodialysis provides better clinical outcomes. We developed nocturnal hemodialysis, a new innovative form of renal replacement therapy, which is performed six to seven nights per week for 8 to 10 h during sleep at home. Blood flow was set at 300 ml/min and dialysate flow at 100 ml/min. An internal jugular catheter was used as the vascular access. Special precautions were taken to prevent accidental disconnection during sleep, as well as air embolization. Dialysis functions from the patient's home were monitored continuously via a modem at the nocturnal hemodialysis center. Twelve patients have completed training and have been successfully performing nocturnal hemodialysis for up to 34 mo. This study represents 170 patient months of experience accumulated over 3 yr. There was hemodynamic stability and significant subjective improvement in patient well being. Nightly Kt/V was 0.99. Weekly removal of phosphate was twice as high and beta2 microglobulin 4 times as high as conventional hemodialysis. All patients have discontinued their phosphate binders and have increased dietary phosphate and protein intake. BP control was achieved with fewer medications. Dialyzer reuse has decreased the operating costs to the level of the other form of home dialysis. Complications were infrequent and were related primarily to the dialysis access. Nocturnal hemodialysis represents the most efficient form of dialysis at low cost and should be considered as an option for patients who can be trained for home hemodialysis.
Virus-Like Particles in Placentas From Normal Individuals and Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus 2
Authors: Ellen Roter Dirksen, Jay A. Levy
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Virus-Like Particles in Placentas From Normal Individuals and Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Get access Ellen Roter Dirksen, Ellen Roter Dirksen 3Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Calif. 90024. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jay A. Levy Jay A. Levy 4Department of Medicine and Cancer Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. 5Recipient of PHS career development award 5K04-CA70990 from NCI. 6We thank Frank Villalovoz, Eileen Oka, and Brian Matsumoto for their expert technical assistance. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 4, October 1977, Pages 1187–1192, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.4.1187 Published: 01 October 1977 Article history Received: 24 February 1977 Accepted: 13 May 1977 Published: 01 October 1977
Role of human decay-accelerating factor in the evasion of Schistosoma mansoni from the complement-mediated killing in vitro.
Authors: M F Horta, F J Ramalho-Pinto, M Fatima
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a 70-kD membrane glycoprotein that prevents complement (C)-mediated hemolysis by blocking the assembly or accelerating the decay of C3 convertase. Purified DAF is known to incorporate into the membrane of DAF-deficient cells, inhibiting lysis. Since Schistosoma mansoni is a blood-dwelling parasite, we investigated whether DAF can be transferred from human erythrocytes to the worm and protect it against C-mediated killing in vitro. We have found that schistosomula (schla) incubated with normal human erythrocytes (N-HuE), but not with DAF-deficient erythrocytes, become resistant to C damage in vitro. Protected parasites acquire a 70-kD surface protein which can be immunoprecipitated by anti-DAF antibodies. The acquired resistance is abrogated by treatment of N-HuE-incubated parasites with anti-DAF antibody. These results indicate that, in vitro, N-HuE DAF can be transferred to schla, and suggest its participation in preventing their C-mediated killing. This could represent an important strategy of parasites to evade the host's immune response in vivo.
Predictors of BTS Step 3 paediatric asthma prescribing
Authors: Clare S. Murray, Stephen Turner, Mike Thomas, Kathryn Richardson, Annie Burden, Daniel West, David Price
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To identify patient characteristics associated with British Thoracic Society (BTS) Step 3 prescribing options in paediatric asthma.

Method: Clinical records of asthma patients aged 5–12yrs receiving inhaled corticosteroids(ICS)±reliever in the year prior to BTS Step 3 therapy initiation were selected from two UK research databases. Multivariate associations between characteristics in the pre step-up year were evaluated relative to addition of long-acting beta-agonist therapy (+LABA) using multinomial logistic regression.

Results: Of 10974 cases, 58% had ICS increased (INC), 21% LABA added (+LABA); 10% switched to combination ICS/LABA (FDC) and 10% had leukotriene receptor antagonist added (+LTRA).

View this table:

Multivariate odds ratios relative to the +LABA cohort.





Conclusion: Clinicians often deviate from guidance to add LABA at BTS Step 3. Here we identify factors that influence prescribing choice. On-going work will determine which options lead to better outcomes.
Restoration of the Expression of Transporters Associated with Antigen Processing in Lung Carcinoma Increases Tumor-Specific Immune Responses and Survival
Authors: Yuanmei Lou, Timothy Z. Vitalis, Genc Basha, Bing Cai, Susan S. Chen, Kyung Bok Choi, Andrew P. Jeffries, W. Mark Elliott, Derek Atkins, Barbara Seliger, Wilfred A. Jefferies
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

A wide variety of human carcinomas have low expression of tumor-associated antigen presentation in the context of MHC class I antigens due to defects in the antigen presentation pathway. This immune evasion mechanism renders many tumors unrecognizable by host immune surveillance mechanisms. The present study examines the expression of HLA, tapasin, transporter associated with antigen processing 1 (TAP1), and beta2 microglobulin in human small cell lung carcinoma and non-small cell lung carcinoma. Immunohistochemical staining showed severe impairment of the antigen presentation pathway in all patients. In order to recover tumor immunogenicity, a nonreplicating adenovirus expressing human TAP1 (AdhTAP1) was used to restore the expression of TAP1 in the antigen presentation pathway-deficient mouse lung carcinoma cell line, CMT.64. Infection of CMT.64 cells with AdhTAP1 increased MHC class I antigen surface expression, antigen presentation, and susceptibility to antigen-specific CTLs. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting and ELISPOT analysis showed that AdhTAP1 treatment significantly increased dendritic cell cross-presentation and cross-priming of tumor antigens. Furthermore, ex vivo and in vivo AdhTAP1 treatment significantly retarded tumor growth and increased survival of mice bearing CMT.64 tumors. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis and immunohistochemical staining showed a significant increase in CD8+ and CD4+ T cells and CD11c+ dendritic cells infiltrating the tumors. The results show that TAP should be considered as a part of the immunotherapies for various cancers because it is likely to provide a general method for increasing immune responses against tumors regardless of the antigenic composition of the tumor or the MHC haplotypes of the host.
Quality assessment of conjunctival specimens for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis by PCR in children with active trachoma
Authors: B. de Barbeyrac, P. Goldschmidt, S. Malembic, S. Raherison, M. Clerc, B. Bodaghi, C. Bébéar, C. Chaumeil
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)
Combined chemotherapy including rifabutin for rifampicin and isoniazid resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. G.E.T.I.M. (Group for the Study and Treatment of Resistant Mycobacterial Infection)
Authors: S Pretet, A Lebeaut, R Parrot, C Truffot, J Grosset, AT Dinh-Xuan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1992)

A prospective multicentre open study has been conducted in France in order to assess the efficacy and tolerability of an antimycobacterial regimen including rifabutin in the treatment of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis due to rifampicin and isoniazid resistant bacilli. Patients were treated with daily rifabutin (450-600 mg), associated with companion drugs to which the organisms remained susceptible; in most cases the regimen included a fluoroquinolone. The duration of treatment was initially scheduled for a minimum period of 12 months after sputum culture conversion. Thirty nine patients were enrolled, 23 of whom were treated for at least 12 months. Culture conversion was obtained at the end of the twelfth month in 14 out of 23 patients. Twenty one out of 39 patients experienced adverse events. These were, however, serious enough to discontinue treatment in only four patients. These results suggest that an antimycobacterial combination including rifabutin might contribute to the treatment of multi-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis.
Progress in Medical Laboratory Technique —2.
Authors: F. J. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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The future of ERCP training in the UK Reply
Authors: I A MURRAY
Journal: Gut (2001)

Editor,—We read with great interest the leading article by Hellier and Morris (

(2000) Gut 47:459–60; 



) regarding the future of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) training in the UK. They discuss the importance of restricting training in ERCP to some trainees and training only in centres that are accredited for training by the Joint Advisory Group (JAG) in Endoscopy. JAG, at the request of the Conference of Royal Colleges, produced endoscopy training guidelines.1 For ERCP training, these state that a centre should be performing a minimum of 250 procedures per annum (with specialist centres performing 500 per annum). They should also have regular meetings to discuss radiological findings with a radiologist with special interest in ERCP.

While we certainly agree with the importance of ensuring satisfactory training, we are concerned that the guidelines base competence for training in ERCP solely on the number of procedures carried out in individual centres. We have noted that larger centres often have several practitioners performing ERCP and several trainees learning. To determine the likely impact of the JAG recommendations on ERCP training and whether trainees were likely to have greater individual exposure to procedures in larger units, we performed a questionnaire based study, which was mailed to all acute UK hospitals. A total of 178 of 292 units replied …
Pressure support in acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in an acute clinical setting
Authors: Asad Ali, Ajit Thomas, Shiva Bikmalla, Ben Beauchamp, Emma Gallagher, Dev Banejree, Rahul Mukherjee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is now routinely used for treatment of Acute Hypercapnic Respiratory Failure (AHRF). There is much debate as to whether usage of higher pressures for ventilation improves the outcome in an acute setting.   Aim:  We set out to assess what pressures for NIV were needed to achieve reversal of acidosis in AHRF in an acute clinical setting and what was the outcome.   Method:  A scientific survey was conducted over 6 years in a teaching hospital ward-based NIV unit. Levels of Inspiratory Positive Airways Pressure (IPAP) and Expiratory Positive Airways Pressure (EPAP) levels needed to achieve reversal of acidosis in AHRF were analysed. Patients with AHRF were divided into 2 groups; AHRF from chronic obstructive airways disease (COPD) and AHRF from non-COPD related illnesses. Mortality during the admission in the 2 groups was also assessed.   Results:  A total of 1188 episodes with 820 COPD related and 366 non-COPD related AHRF admissions were recorded. In the COPD group pressures (in cm H 2 O) needed for reversal of acidosis were IPAP max 30, min 10 and median 16.7; EPAP max 12, min 4 and median 5.2. In the non-COPD group; IPAP max 30, min 10 and median 16; EPAP max 11, min 4 and median 5; 83/820 (10.1%) of COPD and 50/366 (13.66%) of non-COPD patients died during admission.   Conclusions:  Our findings suggest that reversal of acidosis AHRF from underlying COPD or other illnesses can be achieved with satisfactory outcomes without the need of high pressure ventilation. Further well designed studies would be needed to explore this further.
Establishment and characterization of a novel MYC/BCL2 “double-hit” diffuse large B cell lymphoma cell line, RC
Authors: Lan V. Pham, Gary Lu, Archito T. Tamayo, Juan Chen, Pramoda Challagundla, Jeffrey L. Jorgensen, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Richard J. Ford
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2015)

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoid malignancy worldwide. Approximately 5 % of cases of DLBCL are so-called double-hit lymphomas (DHL), defined by a chromosomal translocation or rearrangement involving MYC/8q24.2 in combination with another recurrent breakpoint, usually BCL2/18q21.3. Patients with MYC/BCL2 DHL are resistant to standard front-line therapy, and currently, there is no consensus for a therapeutic strategy to treat these patients. Lack of clinically relevant or validated human experimental DHL models of any type that would improve our understanding of the biologic basis of MYC/BCL2 DHL pathophysiology continues to hamper identification of valid therapeutic targets. We describe a unique MYC/BCL2 DHL cell line with morphologic features of DLBCL that we have established, designated as RC. We used tissue culture techniques to establish the RC cell line from primary DLBCL cells. We also utilized molecular and cellular biological techniques including flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA fingerprinting, reverse-phase protein array, conventional cytogenetics, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis to characterize the RC cell line. NSG-severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice were utilized as a model for xeno-transplantation of RC cells. RC cells had the following immunophenotype: positive for CD10, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD38, CD43, CD44, and CD79b and negative for CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, CD11c, CD14, CD30, CD56, and CD200, which was identical to the primary tumor cells. Conventional cytogenetic analysis showed a t(2;8)(p12;q24.2) and t(14;18)(q32;q21.3), corresponding to MYC and BCL2 gene rearrangements, respectively. DNA fingerprinting authenticated the RC cell line to be of the same clone as the primary tumor cells. In addition, RC cells were established in SCID mice as an in vivo model for translational therapeutics studies. Proteomic analysis showed activation of the mTOR signaling pathway in RC cells that can be targeted with an mTOR inhibitor. The data presented confirm the validity of the RC cell line as a representative model of MYC/BCL2 DHL that will be useful for both in vitro and in vivo studies of DHL pathogenesis and therapeutics.
MACOP-B and involved field radiation therapy is an effective therapy for primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma with sclerosis
Authors: M.P. Martelli, M. Martelli, E. Pescarmona, V. De Sanctis, V. Donato, F. Palombi, E. Todisco, E.A. Rendina, F.M. Pau, F. Mandelli
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)
From the morphological to the transcriptomic characterization of a compromised three-dimensional<i>in vitro</i>model mimicking atopic dermatitis
Authors: P. Rouaud-Tinguely, D. Boudier, L. Marchand, V. Barruche, S. Bordes, H. Coppin, M.P. Roth, B. Closs
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which skin barrier function is disrupted. In this AD environment, proinflammatory cytokines are upregulated, promoting a vicious circle of inflammation. Although several three-dimensional in vitro models mimicking AD have been published, no study has presented a fully characterized and controlled model of AD-related inflammation.To develop and characterize, from the morphological to the molecular level, a compromised reconstructed epidermis (RE) mimicking AD-related inflammation in vitro.Normal human keratinocytes were used to generate RE, treated or not with an inflammatory cocktail (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-4 and interleukin-13).The inflammatory cocktail induces some modifications observed in patients with AD: (i) it leads to spongiosis; (ii) it alters early and terminal differentiation proteins; (iii) it increases thymic stromal lymphopoietin and interleukin-8 secretion by keratinocytes and (iv) it results in a specific gene expression pattern.The inflammatory context contributes to the morphological, functional and transcriptomic changes observed in AD skin. As a result, this compromised RE model shares some characteristics with those found in AD skin and thus can be used as a relevant tool for screening formulations and drugs for the treatment of AD.
EXPERIMENTAL "SHOCK THERAPIES" IN CATS WITH INSULIN AND METRAZOL
Authors: META A. NEUMANN, ROBERT COHN, SOLOMON KATZENELBOGEN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1942)

The effect of sniffles on the central nervous system is difficult to evaluate. We are also at a loss to explain the peculiar changes of the pulmonary vessels. We were unable to find any references in the literature pertaining to this condition. Congestion and hemorrhages in thoracic and abdominal organs were equally pronounced in both treated and control animals. It should be emphasized that in every animal brain one could see instances of ischemic homogeneous changes as well as acute pallor, swelling and chromatolysis, often side by side. Cells undergoing cyto-or karyolysis could always be found. Other neurocytes were entirely normal and showed well-stained Nissl substance. In view of the findings of other workers, Ammon's horn was studied with particular care in every instance. We agree with Winkleman's and Moore's observations that there are no widespread changes in this area subsequent to either insulin or metrazol injections.
The Decoy Substrate of a Pathogen Effector and a Pseudokinase Specify Pathogen-Induced Modified-Self Recognition and Immunity in Plants
Authors: Guoxun Wang, Brice Roux, Feng Feng, Endrick Guy, Lin Li, Nannan Li, Xiaojuan Zhang, Martine Lautier, Marie-Françoise Jardinaud, Matthieu Chabannes, Matthieu Arlat, She Chen, Chaozu He, Laurent D. Noël, Jian-Min Zhou
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)
Peripheral CD5+ B Cells in Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Sebastian Unizony, Noha Lim, Deborah J. Phippard, Vincent J. Carey, Eli M. Miloslavsky, Nadia K. Tchao, David Iklé, Adam L. Asare, Peter A. Merkel, Paul A. Monach, Philip Seo, E. William St.Clair, Carol A. Langford, Robert Spiera, Gary S. Hoffman, Cees G. M. Kallenberg, Ulrich Specks, John H. Stone
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

CD5+ B cells have been conceptualized as a possible surrogate for Breg cells. The aim of the present study was to determine the utility of CD5+ B cells as biomarkers in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV).The absolute and relative numbers (percentages) of CD5+ B cells (explanatory variables) were measured longitudinally during 18 months in 197 patients randomized to receive either rituximab (RTX) or cyclophosphamide (CYC) followed by azathioprine (AZA) for the treatment of AAV (Rituximab in ANCA-Associated Vasculitis [RAVE] trial). Outcome variables included disease activity (status of active disease versus complete remission), responsiveness to induction therapy, disease relapse, disease severity, and, in RTX-treated patients, relapse-free survival according to the percentage of CD5+ B cells detected upon B cell repopulation.CD5+ B cell numbers were comparable between the treatment groups at baseline. After an initial decline, absolute CD5+ B cell numbers progressively increased in patients in the RTX treatment arm, but remained low in CYC/AZA-treated patients. In both groups, the percentage of CD5+ B cells increased during remission induction and slowly declined thereafter. During relapse, the percentage of CD5+ B cells correlated inversely with disease activity in RTX-treated patients, but not in patients who received CYC/AZA. No significant association was observed between the numbers of CD5+ B cells and induction treatment failure or disease severity. The dynamics of the CD5+ B cell compartment did not anticipate disease relapse. Following B cell repopulation, the percentage of CD5+ B cells was not predictive of time to flare in RTX-treated patients.The percentage of peripheral CD5+ B cells might reflect disease activity in RTX-treated patients. However, sole staining for CD5 as a putative surrogate marker for Breg cells did not identify a subpopulation of B cells with clear potential for meaningful clinical use. Adequate phenotyping of Breg cells is required to further explore the value of these cells as biomarkers in AAV.
Ureteral stenosis due to recurrent Wegener's granulomatosis after kidney transplantation.
Authors: L M Rich, W F Piering
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

The ureter is an unusual location for lesions of Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). A patient in whom recurrence of WG after kidney transplantation was manifested by obstructive uropathy due to granulomatous vasculitis (WG) at the ureterovesicle anastomosis, as well as nasal and lung involvement, is reported. The occurrence of WG in the ureter in relation to the processes causing ureteral obstruction and the recurrences of WG after kidney transplantation and its treatment are briefly reviewed.