tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Women
Authors: Kenneth M. Kessler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters20 November 2001Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic WomenKenneth M. Kessler, MDKenneth M. Kessler, MDUniversity of Miami School of Medicine; Miami, FL 33101 (Kessler)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-10-200111200-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Hu and colleagues (1) correlate increased exercise with a decrease in cardiovascular events in diabetic women without preexisting cardiovascular disease. Although the authors caution against using their observational (that is, correlative) data to support causation, this is not the implication of their conclusion or the accompanying summary for patients (2). Nevertheless, this may be a moot point since it is unclear whether patients in the study group would benefit from increased exercise levels even if there were causation. According to the study data, the reference group, which exercised less than 1 hour per week, had an annual ...References1. Hu FB, Stampfer MJ, Solomon C, Liu S, Colditz GA, Speizer FE, et al . Physical activity and risk for cardiovascular events in diabetic women. Ann Intern Med. 2001;134:96-105. [PMID: 11177312] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Physical activity and the risk for heart disease and stroke in women with diabetes. Summary for Patients. Ann Intern Med. 2001; 134:I-26. Google Scholar3. Tsevat J, Weinstein MC, Williams LW, Tosteson AN, Goldman L. Expected gains in life expectancy from various coronary heart disease risk factor modifications. Circulation. 1991;83:1194-201. [PMID: 2013141] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Wright JC, Weinstein MC. Gains in life expectancy from medical interventions—standardizing data on outcomes. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:380-6. [PMID: 9691106] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Kenneth M. Kessler, MDAffiliations: University of Miami School of Medicine; Miami, FL 33101 (Kessler) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPhysical Activity and Risk for Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Women Frank B. Hu , Meir J. Stampfer , Caren Solomon , Simin Liu , Graham A. Colditz , Frank E. Speizer , Walter C. Willett , and JoAnn E. Manson Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Women Frank B. Hu , Meir J. Stampfer , and JoAnn E. Manson Metrics 20 November 2001Volume 135, Issue 10Page: 930-931KeywordsCardiovascular disease riskCardiovascular diseasesCoronary heart diseaseExerciseLife expectancyRelative risk ePublished: 20 November 2001 Issue Published: 20 November 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3816: Comparative cellular effects of 4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid and suberoylanilide acid in tumorigenic and non-tumorigenic cells
Authors: Timothy Burns, Diane Matesic
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract 4-phenyl-3-butenoic acid (PBA) is a small molecule anti-inflammatory agent which was previously shown to inhibit growth, increase gap junction intercellular communication, increase phosphorylation of p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK), and decrease phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal Kinase (JNK) in tumorigenic cells at concentrations that do not similarly affect non-tumorigenic cells. Suberoylanilide acid (SAHA), which is also known as vorinostat, is a relatively new anticancer agent structurally similar to PBA. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of these two agents on JNK and p38 activation in vitro, as well as on cell growth. p38 MAPK and JNK are stress-activated members of the MAPK family that play important roles in the control of cell proliferation in a wide variety of cell types. Altered expression or activation of these MAPKs has been observed in numerous tumorigenic cells and human cancers. Our studies utilized human lung carcinoma cells (H2009), transformed rat liver epithelial cells (WB-ras) as well as non-tumorigenic cells from the same line (WB-neo). Cells were grown to 60-70% confluence and were subjected to treatment with PBA (0.1 mg/ml), SAHA (500 nM) or vehicle for 48 hours. Whole cell lysates were extracted and individual proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE, followed by western blotting using phosphorylation site-specific antibodies to p38 and JNK proteins. For cell counting, cells were trypsinized and suspended followed by counting utilizing a Biorad TC-10TM cell counter. PBA and SAHA were shown to have similar effects on JNK and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in tumorigenic WB-ras and H2009 cell lines. These effects included an increase in p38 MAPK phosphorylation and a decrease in JNK phosphorylation. Both compounds were shown to significantly decrease cell growth under these conditions. In untransformed WB-neo cells significant differences in p38 MAPK phosphorylation were not seen with either treatment. However it was shown that a decrease in phosphorylation of JNK occurred following SAHA treatment, but not PBA treatment in the WB-neo cells. Overall these studies demonstrate that PBA has similar effects on JNK and p38 MAPK compared to SAHA in tumorigenic cells, while being less potent in the non-tumorigenic WB-neo cells. This earmarks PBA for further studies as a targeted anti-tumor therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3816. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3816
Synthesizing synchrony versus dissecting dissonance
Authors: Alessandro Treves
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

A series of intriguing experiments has emphasized the need to understand synchronization effects. Information theory is proving to be an important tool for understanding the computations performed by cortical circuits. Nevertheless, Phillips &amp; Singer's target article fails to provide a convincing correlation between synchronous firing and information transmission, which could well prove to be anticorrelated.
Netherlands will "lead the way in cooperation with the private sector"
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The NHS will be looking to the private healthcare sector in the next 10 years to help meet the demands of an already overloaded welfare system, according to an analysis of private health care in six key European countries.

The report, commissioned by the Economist Intelligence Unit, describes systems like the NHS as no longer “sustainable” and predicts an …
Estrogen Attenuates Left Ventricular and Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by an Estrogen Receptor–Dependent Pathway That Increases Calcineurin Degradation
Authors: Cameron Donaldson, Sarah Eder, Corey Baker, Mark J. Aronovitz, Alexandra Dabreo Weiss, Monica Hall-Porter, Feng Wang, Adam Ackerman, Richard H. Karas, Jeffery D. Molkentin, Richard D. Patten
Journal: Circulation Research (2008)

Left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy commonly develops in response to chronic hypertension and is a significant risk factor for heart failure and death. The serine-threonine phosphatase calcineurin (Cn)A plays a critical role in the development of pathological hypertrophy. Previous experimental studies in murine models show that estrogen limits pressure overload-induced hypertrophy; our purpose was to explore further the mechanisms underlying this estrogen effect. Wild-type, ovariectomized female mice were treated with placebo or 17beta-estradiol (E2), followed by transverse aortic constriction (TAC), to induce pressure overload. At 2 weeks, mice underwent physiological evaluation, immediate tissue harvest, or dispersion of cardiomyocytes. E2 replacement limited TAC-induced LV and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy while attenuating deterioration in LV systolic function and contractility. These E2 effects were associated with reduced abundance of CnA. The primary downstream targets of CnA are the nuclear factor of activated T-cell (NFAT) family of transcription factors. In transgenic mice expressing a NFAT-activated promoter/luciferase reporter gene, E2 limited TAC-induced activation of NFAT. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of E2 on LV hypertrophy were absent in CnA knockout mice, supporting the notion that CnA is an important target of E2-mediated inhibition. In cultured rat cardiac myocytes, E2 inhibited agonist-induced hypertrophy while also decreasing CnA abundance and NFAT activation. Agonist stimulation also reduced CnA ubiquitination and degradation that was prevented by E2; all in vitro effects of estrogen were reversed by an estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist. These data support that E2 reduces pressure overload induced hypertrophy by an ER-dependent mechanism that increases CnA degradation, unveiling a novel mechanism by which E2 and ERs regulate pathological LV and cardiomyocyte growth.
The Association of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and Giant Cell Arteritis.
Authors: A. L. Scherbel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1961)

s1 May 1961The Association of Musculoskeletal Manifestations and Giant Cell Arteritis.A. L. Scherbel, M.D., F.A.C.P., J. B. Hazard, M.D.A. L. Scherbel, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, J. B. Hazard, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-54-5-1040_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptGiant cell arteritis, in contrast to periarteritis nodosa, is usually considered to be a benign, self-limiting vascular disease of unknown etiology involving the temporal or other cranial arteries in elderly people.The close relationship between periarteritis nodosa and rheumatoid arthritis or other connective tissue disorders is well known. The purpose of this report is to describe the frequency of musculoskeletal manifestations in 11 patients with proved giant cell arteritis.Seven of the patients were women; ages ranged from 57 to 77 years. Prodromal symptoms occurred for from two to eight months before localizing manifestations of the disease appeared. These included... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cleveland, O. (CS) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1961Volume 54, Issue 5Page: 1040-1040KeywordsArteriesConnective tissueElderlyEtiologyGiant cellsRheumatoid arthritisVascular diseases ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1961 PDF downloadLoading ...
Modification of the Early Gene Enhancer-promoter Improves the Oncolytic Potency of Adenovirus 11
Authors: Han Hsi Wong, Guozhong Jiang, Rathi Gangeswaran, Pengju Wang, Jiwei Wang, Ming Yuan, Hexiao Wang, Vipul Bhakta, Heike Müller, Nicholas R Lemoine, Yaohe Wang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Oncolytic adenoviruses based on serotype 5 (Ad5) have several shortcomings, including the downregulation of its receptor in cancer cells, high prevalence of neutralizing antibodies and hepatotoxicity. Another adenoviral serotype, Ad11, could overcome these obstacles. Here, we show that human cancer cell lines express higher levels of the Ad11 receptor CD46, resulting in much better infectivity than Ad5. Surprisingly, only 36% (9/25) of the cell lines were more sensitive to Ad11- than to Ad5-mediated cytotoxicity. Investigations revealed that it was the transcription of Ad11 E1A, not CD46 expression or virus infectivity, which determined the cell's sensitivity to Ad11 killing. Ad11 E1A mRNA levels have an effect on viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis and infectious particle production. To test the hypothesis that increased E1A transcription would lead to improved Ad11 replication in Ad5-sensitive (but Ad11-less sensitive) cells, two Ad11 mutants (Ad11-Ad5-P and Ad11-Ad5-EP) were constructed where either the E1A promoter or enhancer-promoter, respectively, was replaced by that of Ad5. Ad11-Ad5-EP demonstrated increased E1A mRNA levels and replication, together with enhanced oncolytic potency in vitro and in vivo. This effect was found in both the Ad5-sensitive and Ad11-sensitive cancer cells, broadening the range of tumors that could be effectively killed by Ad11-Ad5-EP.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities among Enrollees in Medicare Advantage Plans
Authors: John Z. Ayanian, Bruce E. Landon, Joseph P. Newhouse, Alan M. Zaslavsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Differences in the control of blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose among the various racial and ethnic groups of Medicare enrollees may contribute to persistent disparities in health outcomes.Among elderly enrollees in Medicare Advantage health plans in 2011 who had hypertension (94,171 persons), cardiovascular disease (112,039), or diabetes (105,848), we compared the respective age-and-sex-adjusted proportions with blood pressure lower than 140/90 mm Hg, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels below 100 mg per deciliter (2.6 mmol per liter), and a glycated hemoglobin value of 9.0% or lower, according to race or ethnic group. Comparisons were made nationally and within regions and health plans, and changes since 2006 were assessed.Black enrollees in 2006 and 2011 were substantially less likely than white enrollees to have adequate control of blood pressure (adjusted absolute differences in proportions of enrollees in the 2 years, 7.9 percentage points and 10.3 percentage points, respectively), cholesterol (11.4 percentage points and 10.2 percentage points, respectively), and glycated hemoglobin (10.1 percentage points and 9.4 percentage points, respectively) (P<0.001 for all comparisons). Differing distributions of enrollees among health plans accounted for 39 to 59% of observed disparities in 2011. These differences persisted in 2011 in the Northeast, Midwest, and South (6.9 to 14.1 percentage points, P<0.001 for all comparisons) but were eliminated in the West for all three measures (<1.5 percentage points, P≥0.15). Hispanic enrollees were less likely than whites in 2011 to have adequate control of blood pressure (adjusted difference, 1.6 percentage points), cholesterol (adjusted difference, 1.0 percentage points), and glycated hemoglobin (adjusted difference, 3.4 percentage points) (P≤0.02 for all comparisons). Asians and Pacific Islanders were more likely than whites to have adequate control of blood pressure (difference, 4.4 percentage points; P<0.001) and cholesterol (5.5 percentage points, P<0.001) and had similar control of glycated hemoglobin (0.3 percentage points, P=0.63).Disparities in control of blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose have not improved nationally for blacks in Medicare Advantage plans, but these disparities were eliminated in the West in 2011. (Funded by the National Institute on Aging.).
Cigarette Smoking and Age-Related Macular Degeneration in the EUREYE Study
Authors: U. Chakravarthy, C. Augood, G.C. Bentham, P.T.V.M. de Jong, M. Rahu, J. Seland, G. Soubrane, L. Tomazzoli, F. Topouzis, J.R. Vingerling, J. Vioque, I.S. Young, A.E. Fletcher
Journal: Ophthalmology (2007)
INITIAL CLINICAL MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH REVERSIBLE THALLIU M CARDIAC PERFUSION DEFECTS
Authors: C. E. Jimenez, G. M. Glushko, E. J. Pacheco, A. J. Moreno
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Jimenez, C.; Glushko, G. M. M.D.; Pacheco, E. J. M.D.; Moreno, A. J. M.D. Author Information
Childhood gonorrhea—but no sexual abuse
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1980)

When<i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>appeared in a culture from the vaginal discharge of a 4-year-old clinic patient, health department and children's protective services officials were notified. Then another 4-year-old girl, brought to an emergency department, was found to have gonococcal vaginitis, and she was a playmate and resident of the same housing project as the first girl. The obvious concern: sexual abuse by adults. Investigation, however, indicated quite different circumstances. At the recent joint meeting of the American Pediatric Society and the Society for Pediatric Research in San Antonio, Tex, two investigators from the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, reported the results. Screening of all 91 families in the housing project showed nine more presumptive cases of gonorrhea in children 4 months to 6 years of age, said Margaret M. Bailey, PhD, and Susan L. Scheurer, MD. Five of these were confirmed through culturing. A sixth child,
When Physicians Ask, Women Tell About Domestic Abuse and Violence
Authors: Karen Titus
Journal: JAMA (1996)

OBSTETRICIAN-gynecologist Richard F. Jones III, MD, recalled the first time he began to comprehend the effects of domestic violence on his patients. Several days after hearing an assistant district attorney speak on the topic at a local medical meeting, Jones queried a long-time patient of his who had, over the years, exhibited signs of being abused. "I had always thought that maybe she was in trouble at home, but felt it wasn't any of my business," he told listeners at the annual meeting of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), held in Denver, Colo. "When I finally asked her, 'Did someone at home do this to you?' my patient said to me, 'Dr Jones, I've been waiting for years for you to ask me about this. Yes, my husband beats me with a child's baseball bat,' " said Jones, past president of ACOG and currently chief of staff at
Potential role of environmental factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of atopy: a working model.
Authors: P G Holt
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1999)

Sensitization to inhalant allergens commonly commences in utero, and most children are born with weak T helper-2 (Th2)-polarized T-cell immunity to these agents. During early life, these responses are normally deviated toward the Th1 cytokine profile. However, in atopics this immune deviation process fails, leading instead to consolidation of allergen-specific Th2 immunity and its eventual active expression in the airways. Both the induction and expression of Th2 immunity can be modulated by environmental agents that affect the cytokine milieu in the airway mucosa and/or the draining lymph nodes. Because of the known effects of the mold cell wall component (1--&gt;3)-ss-d-glucan on monocyte cytokine secretion, exposure to molds during childhood may be a significant etiologic factor in allergic respiratory disease in general.
Increase in Circulating Products of Lipid Peroxidation (F<sub>2</sub>-Isoprostanes) in Smokers — Smoking as a Cause of Oxidative Damage
Authors: Jason D. Morrow, Balz Frei, Atkinson W. Longmire, J. Michael Gaziano, Sean M. Lynch, Yu Shyr, William E. Strauss, John A. Oates, L. Jackson Roberts
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

It has been hypothesized that the pathogenesis of diseases induced by cigarette smoking involves oxidative damage by free radicals. However, definitive evidence that smoking causes the oxidative modification of target molecules in vivo is lacking. We conducted a study to determine whether the production of F2-isoprostanes, which are novel products of lipid peroxidation, is enhanced in persons who smoke.We measured the levels of free F2-isoprostanes in plasma, the levels of F2-isoprostanes esterified to plasma lipids, and the urinary excretion of metabolites of F2-isoprostanes in 10 smokers and 10 nonsmokers matched for age and sex. The short-term effects of smoking (three cigarettes smoked over 30 minutes) and the effects of two weeks of abstinence from smoking on levels of F2-isoprostanes in the circulation were also determined in the smokers.Plasma levels of free and esterified F2-isoprostanes were significantly higher in the smokers (242 +/- 147 and 574 +/- 217 pmol per liter, respectively) than in the nonsmokers (103 +/- 19 and 345 +/- 65 pmol per liter; P = 0.02 for free F2-isoprostanes and P = 0.03 for esterified F2-isoprostanes). Smoking had no short-term effects on the circulating levels of F2-isoprostanes. However, the levels of free and esterified F2-isoprostanes fell significantly after two weeks of abstinence from smoking (250 +/- 156 and 624 +/- 214 pmol per liter, respectively, before the cessation of smoking, as compared with 156 +/- 67 and 469 +/- 108 pmol per liter after two weeks' cessation; P = 0.03 for free F2-isoprostanes and P = 0.02 for esterified F2-isoprostanes).The increased levels of F2-isoprostanes in the circulation of persons who smoke support the hypothesis that smoking can cause the oxidative modification of important biologic molecules in vivo.
Relation between sialic acid concentrations and the haemostatic system in the elderly.
Authors: K Kario, T Matsuo
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Lancaster M B Mclllmurray, consultant physicianthey provided no relevant services.Sixteen districts provided only practical support (physiotherapy, dietary advice, stoma and mastectomy care), one provided only emotional care (counselling, support groups), and 94 provided both types of support.Fifty three pro- vided some complementary therapies (guided imagery, meditation/relaxation, healing, and art therapy) in addition to these services.The numbers of districts providing each service are listed in the table.Although 111 districts had informal links with independently run cancer support services, usually with palliative care services (51) or local cancer support groups (45), there was limited evidence that these services were compensating for deficiencies in NHS services: no districts without support services had links with independent organisations; in four of those offering only practical support emotional care was provided outside the NHS; and in one both emotional care and complementary therapies were available from independent organisations.
220 ACETAMINOPHEN THERAPEUTIC MISADVENTURE: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Authors: A. Louvet, B. Quesnel, S. Dharancy, J. Boitard, F. Wartel, V. Canva-Delcambre, P. Deltenre, E. Boleslawski, F.R. Pruvot, P. Mathurin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
A calcium- and perforin-independent pathway of killing mediated by murine cytolytic lymphocytes.
Authors: J D Young, W R Clark, C C Liu, Z A Cohn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes have been thought to lyse cellular targets in the past by a calcium-dependent pathway. This notion was recently supported by the identification and purification of a pore-forming protein (perforin) from the granules of these cell types. Here, we show that perforin is absent from a number of cell lines that nevertheless display vigorous cytolytic activity toward target cells. The cytotoxic activity of eight murine CTL lines is completely or partially retained in the absence of calcium. The calcium-independent lytic activity is associated with two subcellular fraction peaks isolated by Percoll gradient centrifugation, e.g., a heavy density band migrating with granule markers and a lighter band corresponding to free cytosolic material. These results suggest a complex picture of lymphocyte-mediated killing involving probably multiple mechanisms and mediators that may operate in concert or independently in the delivery of the lethal hit.
Natural History and Retinal Structure in Patients with Usher Syndrome Type 1 Owing to MYO7A Mutation
Authors: Eva Lenassi, Zubin Saihan, Valentina Cipriani, Polona Le Quesne Stabej, Anthony T. Moore, Linda M. Luxon, Maria Bitner-Glindzicz, Andrew R. Webster
Journal: Ophthalmology (2013)