tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of treatment by temsirolimus on patients with clear cell carcinoma of the ovary.
Authors: Y. Kikuchi, K. Kudoh, M. Takano, R. Kikuchi, T. Kita, Y. Hamada, S. Nagao, K. Fujiwara, T. Shiozawa, D. Aoki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

5086 Background: Clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary has been well known to be chemotherapy resistant. When the primary treatment failed, any effective treatment modality is not available at present. An mTOR inhibitor, temsirolimus (TEM) has been reported to be effective in renal CCC. Therefore, we attempted to explore effects of TEM in patients with CCC of the ovary. Methods: Six patients with CCC of the ovary who have been heavily pretreated by more than 3 regimens containing bevacizumab were treated with 10 mg/m2 of TEM alone every week and the treatment was continued until development of progression disease (PD) and unmanageable adeverse effects. Adeverse effects were analyzed according to NCI-CTCAE V3. Results: Three (50%) of 6 patients with treatment-free interval of less than 3 months had partial response (PR) to TEM, and 2 patients had stable disease (SD) and one had PD. Median progression free interval (PFS) in all patients was 6 months and that in patients with PR was more than 6 months. Two patients with SD had elevation of serum glucose (G) and triglyceride (TG) levels requiring treatment, while 3 patients with PR had manageable elevation of serum G and TG without treatment and a patient with PD discotinued treatmentr by TEM because elevation of serum G, TG and hepatic enzymes could not be managed by treatment. Interestingly, all 3 patients with PR had manageable adverse effects. Conclusions: Although ovarian CCC patients with less adverse effects to TEM seemed to have good response to TEM, further study by large number of cases is warranted in such clinical settings. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Effect of different modes of cheek support on respiratory impedance measurements
Authors: Karla Leemans, Kevin De Soomer, Ria Heyndrickx, Wilfried De Backer, Ellie Oostveen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

International guidelines on the application of the Forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) state that to minimize the upper airway shunt, both cheeks and floor of the mouth of the subject should be firmly supported. Most subjects, however, find it more natural to firmly support the cheeks only.  Aim: to quantify the effects of different modes of cheek support during FOT-measurement in healthy adult subjects.  Methods: Twenty-one subjects (16F: 5M, age range 22 to 59 yrs) underwent FOT measurements in 3 different conditions: firm cheek support, firm cheek and mouth floor support simultaneously, or no support of chin and cheeks, in random order. The firm support was delivered by the subject him- or herself.  Results: Firm support of the cheeks only resulted in a significant decrease in respiratory resistance (Rrs) at all frequencies of ∼ 9% compared to the measurements during which both chin and cheeks were firmly supported (p  Conclusion: Both cheeks and mouth floor should be firmly supported by the subject (or technician) in order not to underestimate the true respiratory impedance.
Primary repair of dog bites to the face: 40 cases
Authors: M Javaid, L Feldberg, M Gipson
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1998)

Dog bites to the face can be life-threatening if major infection occurs, and traditional management consists of wound toilet and debridement, with repair only when the possibility of infection has been eliminated. Surgical opinion is now swinging towards earlier repair. We have analysed retrospectively the outcome of 40 cases that, irrespective of time delay between injury and presentation, underwent primary repair or reconstruction after wound toilet, debridement and administration of prophylactic antibiotics. The victims were 17 males and 23 females with ages ranging from 2 to 76 years (mean 25). Median delay between the injury and presentation in the emergency department was 60 minutes (range 7 minutes to 5 days). All patients received surgical treatment within 24 hours of admission, 18 being operated on within 6 hours. 31 had primary repairs and 9 patients had reconstructive procedures with local skin flaps or skin grafts. Primary healing was achieved in all but 2 patients, of whom one developed minor wound infection and one had necrosis of a composite graft. These results support the view that, for dog bites to the face, primary repair is the method of choice.
Physicians' perceptions of palliative care.
Authors: Risha Gidwani, Diane E. Meier, Steven M Asch, Rebecca A Kirch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

80 Background: Physicians are often gatekeepers to palliative care for their patients. Physicians’ attitudes and beliefs regarding palliative care will therefore influence patient receipt of these services. Here, we explored physicians’ perceptions of palliative care. Methods: We conducted a focus group with 2 hospitalists and 3 medical oncologists. We asked physicians to define palliative care and elicited their suggestions regarding best way to communicate the role of palliative care to patients as well as to other physicians. Results: Physicians generally defined palliative care as comfort care, with two physicians denoting palliative care as occurring during the end of life. Focus group participants felt the best way to communicate the role of palliative care to other physicians was to denote its ability to support physicians in their work by helping coordinate patient care, managing complex physical and emotional symptoms, devoting time to intensive family meetings, and resolving conflicts between patients/families and physicians concerning goals of care, do-not-resuscitate orders, and treatment requests. They disagreed that palliative care should be integrated at all points in a patient’s disease trajectory. Conclusions: Physicians had generally positive reactions to palliative care. Palliative care is often associated with end-of-life care. Further research and exchange about the appropriate timing of palliative care is needed.
In vivo visualization of endobronchial tumor cells using an endocytoscopy system
Authors: Masami Kameda, Koji Kuronuma, Gen Yamada, Yasuo Kitamura, Yuichi Yamada, Hirotaka Nishikiori, Mitsuo Otsuka, Hiroki Takahashi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  Endocytoscopy system (prototype, BF-Y0005, Olympus Medical Systems Co., Tokyo, Japan) is a bronchovideoscope visualizing at a high magnification of 450 times on a 14-inch video monitor. Celular structures can be visualized in real-time during bronchoscopy.   Objectives:  To evaluate the diagnostic utility of endocytoscopy on endobronchial tumors.   Methods:  Between July 2009 and April 2011, 19 cases with endobronchial tumor lesions were selected from all cases of bronchoscopy. Twelve cases with no abnormality on bronchoscopy were selected as control. After conventional bronchoscopy, abnormal areas of interest were strained with 0.25% methylene blue and examined with endobronchoscopy system. The endoscopy images of abnormal areas and normal bronchial mucosa were analyzed and compared with the corresponding pathologic pattern.   Results:  We could visualize endobronchial epithelial cells with methylene blue staining. In tumor cells, especially, squamous cell carcinoma, large and polymorphic tumor cells were observed with increased cellular density. In normal bronchial mucosa, columnar epithelial cells were visualized.   Conclusion:  Endocytoscopy has the potential to provide pathologic diagnosis during bronchoscopy.
Ichthyosis follicularis with alopecia and photophobia in a mother and daughter
Authors: K.C. Sato-Matsumura, T. Matsumura, M. Kumakiri, K. Hosokawa, H. Nakamura, H. Kobayashi, A. Ohkawara
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

A mother and daughter having ichthyosis follicularis with alopecia and photophobia (IFAP) are reported, with histopathological and electron microscopic findings. We have followed the clinical course of the mother for 26 years since she was 5 years old, and the daughter since birth. They have had almost all the classical and some of the minor symptoms of IFAP, including severe photophobia, extensive non‐inflammatory follicular hyperkeratosis, generalized non‐scarring alopecia, hyperkeratosis of the extensor aspect of the four extremities, nail deformity and recurrent cheilitis. In addition, their facial appearance greatly resembles that of previously reported patients. A consistent feature in the mother was florid keratotic inflammatory eruptions on the genital region during each of her pregnancies, which rapidly improved after the delivery. Skin biopsy of the genital lesion showed marked acanthosis with dyskeratosis and spongiotic changes. The electron microscopic examination of diseased skin showed damaged desmosomes with spongiosis. No obvious changes were found in normal appearing skin.
Does allergy impair innate immunity? Leads and lessons from atopic dermatitis
Authors: S. Mrabet‐Dahbi, M. Maurer
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Mrabet‐Dahbi S, Maurer M. Does allergy impair innate immunity? Leads and lessons from atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2010; 65 : 1351–1356. Abstract Host defence responses against invading pathogens are well‐balanced, inflammatory processes of the innate and adaptive immune system. Impaired development or abnormal function of either system can result in failure to control pathogens and to clear infections. Infections have been claimed to modulate the onset and course of allergic diseases. This so‐called hygiene hypothesis is still an active area of research. In contrast, the effects of allergies on infections and pathogen‐directed immune responses are less well understood. Here, we have reviewed the existing evidence that allergies result in impaired innate immunity and we discuss recent observations that may explain why and how innate immunity is dysfunctional in allergic patients. With a focus on atopic dermatitis as a model of allergic disease, we speculate that one of the key features of allergic conditions, namely Th2 polarization, leads to several independent inhibitory effects on host defence and consequently to a higher risk of infections in allergic patients. A better understanding of impaired host defence and its mechanisms in allergic subjects will help to improve the management of these diseases.
Cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy for disseminated germ cell tumors: long-term follow-up.
Authors: B J Roth, A Greist, P S Kubilis, S D Williams, L H Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

A retrospective analysis of the initial 229 cases of disseminated germ cell tumors treated at Indiana University with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB), with or without doxorubicin revealed 146 patients who are alive and disease-free with a minimum follow-up of 6 years and a median follow-up of 8.5 years. At 12 years, the estimated probability of survival is 65.0%, and the estimated probability of relapse-free survival for complete responders is 83.5%. Long-term complications, such as clinically significant organ toxicity or therapy-related second malignancies, have not been observed. The functional status of survivors is maintained, with 95% returning to their pretherapy status, of which 88% are fully employed. Of patients receiving chemotherapy without abdominal surgery, 35% have fathered healthy children posttherapy. Achievement of complete remission (CR) in disseminated germ cell tumors with cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy translates to long-term disease-free survival and cure for the majority of patients, with preservation of functional status.
The burden of airway hyperresponsiveness on the control of asthma
Authors: Angelo Petroianni, Vittoria Conti, Eirini Lemontzi, Giovanna Continanza, Mattia Serao, Ilir Halili, Sofia Romani, Claudio Terzano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Airway HyperResponsiveness (AHR) in asthma is correlated with decrease of functional parameters and exacerbations.Different phenotypic expression in asthma requires valid biomarkers to monitor the disease.   Aim:  To assess the effect of the level of AHR on the preservation of asthmatic control.   Methods:  98 asthmatic pts with ACT (Asthma Control Test) >20, nonsmokers were enrolled in a 3yrs controlled randomized trial. Group A (49) (ICS) receiving a continuous treatment with inhaled beclomethasone MDI100mcg twice/die+salbutamol as needed, and Group B (49) (control) treated with inhaled salbutamol as needed. Step up therapy was performed as recommended by guidelines. Measures of PD20 (methacoline), ACT, exacerbations, use of drug, and visits are scheduled every 3 months. Primary endpoints were AHR, ACTscore, exacerbations, therapy as needed.   Results:  Significant difference of mean PD20 (mcg) was reported between the 2 groups.  Although groupB showed values higher than groupA,no significant difference were reported for ACT (A20.1,B19.7), exacerbations/3mths (A3.9,B4.2), medical visits/3mths (A4.4,B4.7), puffs as needed/3mths (A16.8,B19.6), days high dosage ICS/3mths (A47.4,B48.8), days oral CS/3mths (A0.35,B0.39).   Conclusion:  In controlled asthma long term treatment with low dosage ICS determine a significant reduction ofAHR. It may lead to a greater control of the disease and a less impairment of spirometric parameters over the years, even if the clinical impact is less significant.
Complicated grief as a disorder distinct from bereavement-related depression and anxiety: a replication study
Authors: H G Prigerson, A J Bierhals, S V Kasl, C F Reynolds, M K Shear, J T Newsom, S Jacobs
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

This study sought to confirm in an independent, nonclinical study group previous work which demonstrated that the symptoms of complicated grief were distinct from the symptoms of bereavement related depression and anxiety.Data used in the analyses were derived from a group of 150 widowed individuals who were interviewed 6 months after their deceased spouses' hospital admission (study entry). Complicated grief was measured with a modified version of the Grief Measurement Scale. Principal axis factoring was used to determine the distinctiveness of complicated grief, depression, and anxiety.The principal axis factoring showed that the symptoms of complicated grief loaded quite highly on the first (complicated grief) factor and loaded very poorly on the anxiety and depression factors.The results confirmed the authors' previous findings demonstrating the distinction between symptoms of complicated grief and symptoms of bereavement-related depression and anxiety.
ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX IN THE TREATMENT OF LOBAR PNEUMONIA
Authors: Benjamin Burbank, Emil Rothstein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1935)

Article1 October 1935ARTIFICIAL PNEUMOTHORAX IN THE TREATMENT OF LOBAR PNEUMONIABENJAMIN BURBANK, M.D., EMIL ROTHSTEIN, M.D.BENJAMIN BURBANK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EMIL ROTHSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-4-376 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past year, a number of reports1, 2, 3have been published of effects secured in the therapy of lobar pneumonia by the use of artificial pneumothorax. We present here a report of 20 cases of lobar pneumonia treated by artificial pneumothorax, with a resulting mortality of 10 per cent. We realize that no permanent conclusions can be reached from such a small series, but we feel that until larger and more carefully controlled groups of cases have been reported it is important to make available all data bearing upon the effect of this mode of treatment. We wish...Bibliography1. LIEBERMANLEOPOLD LMSS: Therapeutic pneumothorax in experimental lobar pneumonia in dogs, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1934, clxxxvii, 315-330. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. BEHRENDCOWPER ARB: Artificial pneumothorax in treatment of lobar pneumonia, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1934, cii, 1907-1913. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HINESBENNETT LED: Artificial pneumothorax in treatment of acute lobar pneumonia, Arch. Int. Med., 1935, lv, 100-111. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, New York*Received for publication March 15, 1935.From the Services of Drs. B. A. Fedde, H. Feinblatt, and J. G. Terrence, Department of Medicine, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, N. Y.†We are deeply indebted for the advice and assistance of Drs. Fedde, Feinblatt and Terrence, and for the permission to report these cases from their services, of which they are, respectively, the Attending Physicians. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1935Volume 9, Issue 4Page: 376-387KeywordsHospital medicineMortalityPneumonia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1935 PDF downloadLoading ...
The efficacy and safety of ipilimumab (MDX-010) in patients with unresectable stage III or stage IV malignant melanoma
Authors: J. S. Weber, E. M. Hersh, M. Yellin, G. M. Nichol, W. Urba, J. D. Powderly, S. J. O’Day
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

8523 Background: Ipilimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), enhances antitumor immune responses resulting in durable objective responses. In this study we examined the efficacy and safety of different ipilimumab preparations and regimens in patients with unresectable metastatic melanoma. Methods: In this study (MDX010–15), 34 patients received either 2.8 or 5 mg/kg transfectoma- or 3 mg/kg hybridoma-derived ipilimumab on days 1, 57 and 85. Additionally, 30 patients received single doses of 7.5 (6 pts), 10 (7 pts), 15 (6 pts) or 20 mg/kg (11 pts) transfectoma-derived ipilimumab. Once single doses up to 20 mg/kg were found to be well tolerated, 24 additional patients were given up to 4 doses of 10 mg/kg ipilimumab on days 1, 22, 43 and 64. Complete or partial responses (CR, PR), stable disease (SD) and adverse events (AEs) were monitored. Results: 1 CR, 3 PRs and 10 durable SDs were confirmed in 88 treated patients at the time of analysis. ORs were durable (∼29+, 34, 38+ and 39+ weeks [w]) and ongoing in 3 patients at study completion. PR in 1 patient was observed after ∼18.5w and developed to an ongoing CR at ∼51w. In another, SD for ∼16w preceded a ∼30w+ PR. Durable SD ranged from ∼21 to 79+w and is ongoing in 4 patients. Patients with OR or SD had immune-related AEs including rash, pruritis (G1/2), diarrhea (G1/2/3) or colitis (G2). AEs were severe in 27 patients, and considered ipilimumab-related (mostly G3/G4 colitis and diarrhea) in 9 (10% of all treated patients). Conclusions: Preliminary results suggest ipilimumab is generally safe and well tolerated. Late-onset ORs can occur, sometimes preceded by months of SD. ORs and SDs tend to be durable. Drug-related AEs of an immune nature are probably related to the biologic effects of ipilimumab, and are similar to those reported previously. No obvious dose relationship to AEs has been seen to date. [Table: see text]
Abstract 4378: miR-100 mediates resistance to paclitaxel in cervical cancer cells
Authors: Rina Kato, Hirotaka Nishi, Yuzo Nagamitsu, Toru Sasaki, Keiichi Isaka
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objectives: Hypoxia occurs during development of cervical cancer and is considered to correlate with its resistance to chemotherapy. We found that hypoxia induced miR-100 whose expression was low in cervical cancer. We sought to determine the regulators of the paclitaxel response during hypoxia in cervical cancer. Methods and Results: We found that the expression of miR-100 was significantly higher under hypoxic condition (1% O2) by realtime RT-PCR. According to the results of in silico analysis, miR-100 targeted human ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) 15. Hypoxia and overexpression of miR-100 respectively decreased the activity of luciferase-reporter containing the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of USP15 with the predicted miR-100-binding site in cervical cancer cell lines, SiHa and HeLa. By western blot analysis, hypoxia enhanced the endogenous USP15 protein expression. USP15 mRNA level was also up-regulated by hypoxia using realtime RT-PCR. Overexpression of miR-100 induced paclitaxel resistance reducing apoptosis using MTT assays and annexin V staining. Conclusions: Our results provide evidence that regulation of USP15 expression by miR-100 represents a mechanism for paclitaxel resistance in cervical cancer. Our results suggest that miR-100 and USP15 could be a therapeutic target in paclitaxel-resistant cervical cancer. Citation Format: Rina Kato, Hirotaka Nishi, Yuzo Nagamitsu, Toru Sasaki, Keiichi Isaka. miR-100 mediates resistance to paclitaxel in cervical cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4378. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4378
Dysthymic disorder: psychopathology of proposed chronic depressive subtypes
Authors: Hagop S. Akiskal
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The author develops a nosologic framework for understanding the psychopathology of low-grade chronic depressions: 1) late-onset primary depressions with residual chronicity, 2) chronic secondary dysphorias, having a variable onset age and considered part of the symptomatic picture of nonaffective "neurotic" disorders or reactions to longstanding incapacitating medical diseases, and 3) early-onset characterologic depressions, which include a) character-spectrum disorders developing in the setting of tempestuous early object relationships and b) subaffective dysthymic disorders, conceptualized as genetically attenuated forms of primary affective illnesses. Differences in family history, REM latency, and pharmacologic responsiveness are presented in support of these distinctions. The author also proposes operational criteria to identify a thymoleptic-responsive subaffective dysthymic group.
Abstract 224: 4-phenylbutyric Protects The Heart From Heart Failure, Cardiac Rupture And Remodeling By Alleviating Cardiac Apoptosis And Fibrosis In A Mouse Model Of Myocardial Infaction
Authors: Tao Luo, Baihe Chen, Xianbao Wang, Yanping Wang, Masafumi Kitakaze, Yulin Liao, Liang Yan
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Evidences showed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has involved in cardiac hypertrophy and inhibition of ER stress exerts an effective cardioprotective effect. But little is known about the effect of ER stress inhibition on myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this study is to investigate whether direct inhibition of ER stress by 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an ER stress chemical chaperone, could attenuate MI induced by left coronary artery (LCA) ligation in male C57BL/6 mice. Either NaCl or 4-PBA (20 mg/kg/d) alone was intra-peritoneal injected to the mice immediately after MI for 4 weeks. Heart failure, cardiac rupture and remodeling occurred after MI. There was 52.5% vs 24% death rate in control group vs 4-PBA group during the early phase after MI (2-7 days). The survivals underwent cardiac remodeling with impaired systolic and diastolic functions at the end. The ventricular aneurysm and fibrosis were much smaller in 4-PBA group and the heart functions were improved. Western blot showed that the ER stress markers, Bax, Caspase 3, TGFβ1 and Smad 2/3 in the heart tissues of the control group were significantly increased after MI, in which Bax and Caspase 3 were increased markedly in the early phase of MI, while TGFβ1 and Smad 2/3 were increased obviously in the late phase. 4-PBA decreased those protein levels in the early and late phases of MI respectively. These findings indicate that inhibition of ER stress using 4-PBA could be an effective therapeutic agent protects the heart from post-infarcted heart failure, cardiac rupture and remodeling.