tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late luteal phase dysphoric disorder in 670 women evaluated for premenstrual complaints
Authors: Stephen W. Hurt, Paula P. Schnurr, Sally K. Severino, Ellen W. Freeman, Leslie H. Gise, Ana Rivera-Tovar, John F. Steege
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The American Psychiatric Association's DSM-IV Work Group on Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD) reanalyzed existing data from prospective, daily symptom ratings to evaluate the DSM-III-R criteria for LLPDD. The objectives were to 1) evaluate the individual symptoms presently required for the diagnosis and other symptoms, 2) determine the proportion of treatment-seeking women who meet the LLPDD criteria, and 3) explore the association between LLPDD and other mental disorders.Data from over 1,000 women seeking evaluation for premenstrual complaints at five U.S. sites were examined. The data from 670 of these women were sufficiently complete to warrant evaluation by four different methods of assessing symptom change.Depending on the assessment method used, 14% to 45% of the women met the criteria for LLPDD. The current DSM-III-R symptoms were classified as positive for 7% to 54% of the women. Each of these symptoms was significantly more common among women with LLPDD regardless of the assessment method used. Five symptoms not presently included were also significantly more common. Women who had had mental disorders in the past, but not present, showed a significantly greater, but very small, relative risk of LLPDD.The variability in the frequency of LLPDD diagnosis according to method of assessing symptom change underscores the need for a uniform assessment method. The five additional symptoms with frequencies comparable to those of the DSM-III-R symptoms should be studied further for possible inclusion in the criteria.
Long-term control of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium at the scale of a large multihospital institution: a seven-year experience
Authors: S Fournier, F Brossier, N Fortineau, F Gillaizeau, A Akpabie, A Aubry, F Barbut, F X Chedhomme, N Kassis-Chikhani, J C Lucet, J Robert, D Seytre, I Simon, D Vanjak, J R Zahar, C Brun-Buisson, V Jarlier
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Repeated outbreaks of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) occurred between 2004 and 2010 in Assistance Publique--Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), a 23,000-bed multi-hospital institution. From August 2004 to December 2005, the French guidelines for preventing cross-transmission of multiresistant bacteria were applied. Because the number of VRE cases continued to increase, an institutional control programme was implemented from January 2006 onwards: it foresees stopping transfer of VRE and contact patients, separating VRE and contact patients in distinct cohorts, intervention of a central infection control team to support local teams, and quick application of measures as soon as first VRE cases are identified. Between August 2004 and December 2010, 45 VRE outbreaks occurred in 21 of the 38 AP-HP hospitals, comprising 533 cases. Time series analysis showed that the mean number of cases increased by 0.8 cases per month (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.3 to 1.3, p=0.001) before, and decreased by 0.7 cases per month after implementation of the programme (95% CI: -0.9 to -0.5, p<0.001), resulting in a significant trend change of -1.5 cases per month (95% CI: -2.1 to -0.9, p<0.001). The number of cases per outbreak was significantly lower after implementation of the programme. A sustained and coordinated strategy can control emerging bacteria at the level of a large regional multihospital institution.
Reporting Dementia on the Death Certificates of Nursing Home Residents Dying With End-Stage Dementia
Authors: Melissa Wachterman, Dan K. Kiely, Susan L. Mitchell
Journal: JAMA (2008)

To the Editor: In 2004, the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) ranked Alzheimer disease as the fifth leading cause of death among US residents older than 65 years, an increase from prior years. 1 NCHS data are derived from death certificates.Retrospective studies of patients who died at various stages of dementia suggest this condition is under-reported on death certificates.2,3 We prospectively observed a cohort of nursing home residents who had been diagnosed with end-stage dementia to describe which conditions were documented on their death certificates.Methods.Data were collected between 2003 and 2007 from the Choices, Attitudes, and Strategies for Care of Advanced Dementia at the End-of-Life study, a prospective study of 323 residents of 22 Boston-area nursing homes with advanced dementia, each followed up for up to 18 months.4 Eligibility criteria included age older than 60 years and advanced dementia (based on physician documentation of dementia in chart and Global Deterioration Scale stage 7 determined by a nurse).5 The Hebrew SeniorLife institutional review board approved this study.Written consent was provided by participants' health care proxies.Descriptive data included age, sex, race (reported by proxies using predefined categories), dementia type (Alzheimer, vascular, or other, from medical records), nursing home length of stay, living in a dementia special care unit, location of death, and functional status at study entry (from nurses; Bedford Alzheimer Nursing Severity Subscale 6 ).Descriptive variables, including race, were ascertained to allow for comparability with other samples.
Derivation, characterization, and phenotypic variation of hepatic progenitor cell lines isolated from adult rats
Authors: Li Yin, Mingzeng Sun, Zoran Ilic, Hyam L. Leffert, Stewart Sell
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) cloned from adult rat livers following allyl alcohol injury express hematopoietic stem cell and early hepatic lineage markers when cultured on feeder layers; under these conditions, neither mature hepatocyte nor bile duct, Ito, stellate, Kupffer cell, or macrophage markers are detected. These phenotypes have remained stable without aneuploidy or morphological transformation after more than 100 population doublings. When cultured without feeder layers, the early lineage markers disappear, and mature hepatocyte markers are expressed; mature hepatocytic differentiation and cell size are also augmented by polypeptide and steroidal growth factors. In contrast to hepatocytic potential, duct-like structures and biliary epithelial markers are expressed on Matrigel. Because they were derived without carcinogens or mutagens, these bipotential LPC lines provide novel tools for models of cellular plasticity and hepatocarcinogenesis, as well as lines for use in cellular transplantation, gene therapy, and bioreactor construction.
Abstract 81: The Impact of Pre-Arrival Dispatch-Assisted CPR on Bystander CPR Rates, Time to Starting CPR and Survival From Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Bentley Bobrow, Micah Panczyk, Uwe Stolz, Nathan Heagerty, Christian Dameff, Jeffrey Tully, Ryan Anne Murphy, Tyler Vadeboncoeur, Daniel Spaite
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Bystander CPR (BCPR) strongly influences survival from OHCA yet is provided in a minority of cases. The AHA has promulgated guidelines on provision of pre-arrival Hands-Only dispatcher-assisted telephone CPR (TCPR) instructions to increase the proportion of arrests receiving early BCPR; however, the impact of those guidelines is unknown. Objective: Evaluate the impact of implementing the TCPR guidelines on: recognition of OHCA by 911 dispatchers, time from call receipt to start of TCPR instructions, time to first chest compression (CC), prehospital ROSC, survival, and favorable neuro outcome (FNO). Methods: Dispatch audio records of OHCA in 3 large dispatch centers in Arizona (10/10-3/13) were reviewed using a standardized time-stamp methodology. Data were entered into a structured TCPR database linked to EMS and hospital outcome data. Intervention: Implementation of a 3.5-hour staff training and a guideline-based change in dispatch protocol. Results: There were 860 pre-implementation (P1) and 799 post-implementation (P2) cases. A total of 1265 cases met inclusion criteria. Outcome data collection and linkage is ongoing: ROSC, survival and neuro outcomes were available in 26%, 24% and 22% of cases, respectively. The proportion of cases receiving TCPR increased: P1 (28.7%); P2 (49.9%, p&lt;0.001). Median time to beginning TCPR instructions decreased significantly: P1 (153 sec); P2 (129 sec, p&lt;0.001) as did median time to first CC: P1 (198 sec); P2 (162 sec, p&lt;0.001). Outcomes - see Table. Conclusion: The implementation of the AHA pre-arrival TCPR guidelines was associated with a significant improvement in the time-to-CPR instructions and time-to-first CCs and rate of provision of telephone-assisted bystander CPR. This small, preliminary analysis of prehospital ROSC, survival, and FNO revealed higher, but statistically non-significant, rates after the interventions.
APAP and heated humidification in OSA patients with nasopharyngeal complaints. Adherence and functional outcome of sleep
Authors: Karl-Heinz Ruhle, Karl-Josef Franke, Ulrike Domanski, Maik Schroeder, Georg Nilius
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) treated with positive airway pressure (PAP) often complain about dry nose, mouth and throat. As therapy acceptance and adherence depends mainly on the condition during the first few weeks after starting treatment, it would be useful to identify those patients who especially benefit from additional heated humidification.  72 patients, 35 with nasopharyngeal complaints (risk group) and 37 patients without (non risk group) (AHI 29.4 ± 20, age 53.1 ± 9.2 years, BMI 32.0 ± 7.9 kg / m²) were examined. In this single-blinded, randomized, parallel study patients were treated with automatic PAP (APAP) (Fisher & Paykel) with and without heated humidification (HH) during 6 weeks. The risk group was identified by a score >9 in a questionnaire concerning nasopharyngeal complaints (NPC) with 5 items (range 0-5). Primary endpoint was adherence, secondary endpoints were subjective complaints and functional outcome measured by the functional outcome of sleep questionnaire (FOSQ).  Adherence in the non risk group with and without HH was 330 ± 116 vs. 321 ± 89 minutes. Adherence in the risk group with NPC was 330 ± 103 vs. 281 ± 118 minutes. The differences were not significant. The NPC score of the risk group was significantly reduced by HH. A significant improvement of daily function (FOSQ) was observed in the risk group comparing APAP with and without HH (90.0 ±11.9 vs 82.0 ±12.0 (p  Differentiation into groups with and without nasopharyngeal complaints (NPC) before starting PAP treatment is useful. In a risk group with NPC heated humidification improves symptom score and functional outcome of sleep.
Riluzole for motor neurone disease
Authors: J. Sandercock
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—We wrote the assessment report of riluzole in motor neurone disease, which was commissioned by the health technology assessment programme for the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE).1,2 We believe that a superficial reading of the advice recently issued by NICE on this subject may not give an adequate understanding of the evidence base for this treatment.3,4

The evidence in favour of riluzole for use in the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis form of motor neurone disease is very weak. The pooled effect estimates for survival outcomes are not conventionally significant, but of greater concern is the disagreement between the trials about the direction and the size of the treatment effect; this apparent heterogeneity remains unexplained.

A European public assessment report from the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products also expressed concern about the use of riluzole, in view of the limited evidence of an effect on survival without evidence of a slowing in the rate of deterioration of functional status.5 The opinion concludes that there are therefore remaining uncertainties on the product in the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. No further trial data have become available since this time. In the interests of patients we make the following plea to the clinical community.

Ensure that consent to treatment is fully informed and that patients know of the uncertainty about any survival benefit, the modest size of any benefit that might exist, the lack of evidence that functional deterioration is slowed, the toxicity associated with treatment, and the nature of the additional monitoring required for the treatment rather than the disease.

Approach an experienced organisation in the public sector with regard to designing a large randomised trial. Ideally this should include placebo, newer agents, or new combinations if appropriate, and investigate the lower dose of riluzole 25 mg twice daily. One trial compared different doses and reported a dose response effect, but this claim is in error; there is no evidence that 25 mg twice daily is any less effective than 50 mg twice daily, and it may have a more favourable toxicity profile.

Resist the temptation to use this agent outside the licensed indication. There is pressure to use riluzole for motor neurone diseases other than amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, despite an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology of these diseases (including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) or the mechanism of action of riluzole, and a complete absence of any trial data in such patients.

Consider the need for trials in other forms of motor neurone disease.
Synaptotagmins interact with APP and promote Aβ generation
Authors: Vivek Gautam, Carla D’Avanzo, Oksana Berezovska, Rudolph E. Tanzi, Dora M. Kovacs
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2015)

Accumulation of the β-amyloid peptide (Aβ) is a major pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have shown that synaptic Aβ toxicity may directly impair synaptic function. However, proteins regulating Aβ generation at the synapse have not been characterized. Here, we sought to identify synaptic proteins that interact with the extracellular domain of APP and regulate Aβ generation. Affinity purification-coupled mass spectrometry identified members of the Synaptotagmin (Syt) family as novel interacting proteins with the APP ectodomain in mouse brains. Syt-1, −2 and −9 interacted with APP in cells and in mouse brains in vivo. Using a GST pull-down approach, we have further demonstrated that the Syt interaction site lies in the 108 amino acids linker region between the E1 and KPI domains of APP. Stable overexpression of Syt-1 or Syt-9 with APP in CHO and rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12) significantly increased APP-CTF and sAPP levels, with a 2 to 3 fold increase in secreted Aβ levels in PC12 cells. Moreover, using a stable knockdown approach to reduce the expression of endogenous Syt-1 in PC12 cells, we have observed a ~ 50 % reduction in secreted Aβ generation. APP processing also decreased in these cells, shown by lower CTF levels. Lentiviral-mediated knock down of endogenous Syt-1 in mouse primary neurons also led to a significant reduction in both Aβ40 and Aβ42 generation. As secreted sAPPβ levels were significantly reduced in PC12 cells lacking Syt-1 expression, our results suggest that Syt-1 regulates Aβ generation by modulating BACE1-mediated cleavage of APP. Altogether, our data identify the synaptic vesicle proteins Syt-1 and 9 as novel APP-interacting proteins that promote Aβ generation and thus may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD.
Abstract 19940: Peak Plaque Stress Varies Among Thin Cap Fibroatheromas as Estimated by Finite Element Analysis: Not all TCFAs are High Risk
Authors: William Jacob S Dolla, Steven P Marso
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) is a vulnerable plaque phenotype containing confluent necrotic core and is associated with sudden cardiac death and MI. In autopsy studies, 50% of TCFA d...
Abstract 15503: Strong Association Between Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Myocardial Scar Detected by CMR in Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Shiro Nakamori, Katsuya Onishi, Hiroshi Nakajima, Motonori Nagata, Masaki Ishida, Kakuya Kitagawa, Kaoru Dohi, Mashio Nakamura, Hajime Sakuma, Masaaki Ito
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Carotid intima media thickness (IMT) is an established surrogate marker for coronary artery disease (CAD). Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is recognized as the most sensitive method to...
THE RÔLE OF ANXIETY IN SOMATIC DISEASE
Authors: M GITELSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Article1 February 1948THE RÔLE OF ANXIETY IN SOMATIC DISEASEMAXWELL GITELSON, M.D.MAXWELL GITELSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-28-2-289 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptI. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE ANXIETY MECHANISMAnxiety reactions to organic disease follow the same principles as those which govern the generation of anxiety in general. In a given situation which constitutes a threat to the interests of an organism there occurs a somatic mobilization which is reactive to the danger and preparatory for coping with it. The most easily perceived effects of this are referable to the heart and the respiratory organs. Motor innervations also take part in this reaction. In the human being awareness of these events constitutes the actual unpleasant sensation of anxiety.The mobilization of...Bibliography1. BARKERWRIGHTGONICK RGBAMR: Adjustment to physical handicap and illness, Social Science Research Council, Bulletin 55, 1946. Google Scholar2. FREUD S: The problem of anxiety, 1936, W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., New York. Google Scholar3. SCHILDER P: Psychotherapy, 1938, W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., New York. (Symptomatology of organic disease from the point of view of psychology, Chapter III.) Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Presented before the Section on Psychosomatic Medicine at Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, 28th Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, May 1, 1947.From the Division of Neuropsychiatry, Michael Reese Hospital, Chicago, Illinois. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS IN FATAL ILLNESS. I. THE PROSPECT OF IMPENDING DEATH*Informing the Patient With Fatal Illness 1 February 1948Volume 28, Issue 2Page: 289-297KeywordsAnxietyHeartHospital medicine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...
The Vermont longitudinal study of persons with severe mental illness, II: Long-term outcome of subjects who retrospectively met DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia
Authors: Courtenay M. Harding, George W. Brooks, Takamaru Ashikaga, John S. Strauss, Alan Breier
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors present the findings from a long-term follow-up study of 118 patients from Vermont State Hospital who, when rediagnosed retrospectively, met DSM-III criteria for schizophrenia at their index hospitalization in the mid-1950s. The patients were studied with structured, reliable, multivariate instrument batteries by raters who were blind to information in their records. The rediagnostic process is described, and results of the follow-up are presented. Outcome varied widely, but one-half to two-thirds of the sample had achieved considerable improvement or recovered, in contrast to statements in DSM-III that predict a poor outcome for schizophrenic patients.
Clarification of projective identification
Authors: W N Goldstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

This paper clarifies the various current usages of the term "projective identification." The author presents a broad reference model of projective identification based on the work of Ogden. This model divides projective identification into three steps. Step 1 is the projection of a part of oneself onto an external object. Step 1a is the blurring of self and object representations. Step 2 is an interpersonal interaction in which the projector actively pressures the recipient to think, feel, and act in accordance with the projection. Step 3 is the reinternalization of the projection after it has been psychologically processed by the recipient. The different definitions of projective identification are shown to relate to exactly how the term "projection" is conceptualized (in step 1), to whether step 1a is deemed necessary, and to how many of the three steps are required for the definition of projective identification. The author reviews the work of Ogden, Kernberg, Meissner, Sandler, Malin and Grotstein, Porder, and Zinner et al. Six detailed case examples are provided from within and outside psychotherapy to illustrate all three steps of projective identification.
Alternating Chemotherapy Does Not Improve Results in Poor-prognosis Aggressive Lymphomas - Lnh87 Protocol Group-3 - a Gela Study
Authors: André Bosly, E. Lepage, B. Coiffier, B. Dupriez, R. Herbrecht, G. Fillet, M. Divine, C. Nouvel, H. Tilly, D. Bordessoule, P. Gaulard, C. Gisselbrecht
Journal: Blood (1993)
Secular trends in survival in prostate cancer (PC) (1992–2005) in a public hospital in Barcelona: Impact of PSA implementation and hormone-radiotherapy (HT+RT) treatment introduction—An observational study
Authors: D. Malmusi, J. Carles, J. Bellmunt, F. Macià, J. A. Llorente, S. Serrano, P. Foro, A. Gelabert, J. Albanell, X. Castells
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15615 Background: There are reports of declines in mortality in several series and countries following introduction of PSA test. With routinely collected data we explore changes over time in PC survival, its correlation with PSA implementation and with the introduction of HT+RT. Methods: From the Hospital del Mar Cancer Registry we selected patients with histological confirmation of PC diagnosed between 1992 and 2005. Clinical and pathological stage, grade, PSA at diagnosis, type of treatment and follow-up until 2005 were available, and patients were grouped in three-years periods. Results: Out of 1,185 registered, 897 patients were evaluable. Median age at diagnosis decreased from 72 in 1992–96 to 70 in 2003–05 (p&lt;.001). Median PSA at diagnosis decreased from 35 μg/ml to 14 μg/ml after 1996. Patients being diagnosed as metastatic changed from 67% before 1997 to 29% in 1997–99. A trend towards lower pathological stage has been observed, although in stage II and III no significant changes in risk group distribution were observed throughout the study period (χ 2 =.318). Since 1999 there is a progressive increase in HT+RT indication in stages II and III with a significant decrease in the indication of surgery. There is an improvement in overall relative survival at 5 years before and after 1999, from 67,3% (CI: 60,2–75,2) to 92,9% (CI: 87,3–98,9).The same tendency was found in patients with localized tumour with intermediate and high risk coincidentally with the implementation of HT+RT. Conclusions: An increase in survival of patients with PC has been observed, coinciding with a shift towards lower stages and PSA levels at presentation, suggesting an influence of early detection by PSA. The increase in survival among localized tumors since 1999 could be explained by secular variations in the treatment of PC, as the implementation of HT+RT in patients with intermediate and high risk localized PC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cost of Cardiac Care in the Three Years After Coronary Catheterization in a Contained Care System: Critical Determinants and Implications 11Financial support of this project was provided by the Office of Quality Management, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
Authors: Stephen G. Ellis, Kimberly J. Brown, Renee Ellert, Georgiana L. Howell, Dave P. Miller, Noreen M. Flowers, Penelope A. Ott, Thomas Keys, Floyd D. Loop, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)