tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Steroid Endocrinology after the Menopause: A Review
Authors: J D Hutton, H S Jacobs, V H T James
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1979)

The menopause is defined as the last menstrual period in a woman's life. It is the inevitable consequence of the natural rate of atresia of ovarian follicles. Because in premenopausal women 95% of circulating oestradiol-171B is secreted by these follicles, the menopause is associated with a reduction of oestrogen secretion. Measurement of oestrogens by biological techniques showed, many years ago, that blood levels in postmenopausal and castrate women were lower than in preimenopausal women. However, even 40 years ago it was realized that oestrogens were not always undetectable in postmenopausal women (Fluhmann 1936). The development of biochemical methods of measurement made it possible to investigate extraovarian sources of steroids after the menopause. Direct secretion of oestrogens by the adrenal gland had been inferred by Brown et al. (1959) after noting premenopausal levels of urinary oestrogens in an ovariectomized woman who had been treated with corticotrophin (ACTH). Direct ovarian and adrenal secretion of steroids after the menopause has since been studied by determining hormone concentrations in the blood draining these glands. Although this method of collection of blood samples itself may disturb glandular secretion, the studies reported have suggested that neither the adrenal cortex nor the ovarian stroma makes a significant direct contribution to circulating oestrogens after the menopause (Baird, Uno & Melby 1969, Judd et al. 1974). Extraglandular production of oestrogens through aromatization of androgens was first recognized in humans by West et al. (1956), who identified oestrone and oestradiol in the urine of 2 adrenalectomized, ovariectomized women after injections of testosterone propionate. The subsequent development ofisotopic techniques has allowed this aspect ofsteroid endocrinology to be studied in greater detail. The peripheral pathways of conversion and interconversion of androgen and oestrogens suggested by the isotopic studies of Baird, Horton et al. (1969) are as follows: Androstenedione Oestrone
A crossover study of focused cognitive therapy for panic disorder
Authors: A T Beck, L Sokol, D A Clark, R Berchick, F Wright
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

This study sought to determine the short- and long-term effects of focused cognitive therapy for panic disorder.Thirty-three psychiatric outpatients with the DSM-III diagnosis of panic disorder were randomly assigned to either 12 weeks of individual, focused cognitive therapy or 8 weeks of brief supportive psychotherapy based on principles of client-centered therapy. The patients who received supportive psychotherapy were subsequently given the opportunity to cross over to cognitive therapy for 12 weeks. Patients were rated for panic and depression before therapy, after 4 and 8 weeks of therapy, and at 6-month and 1-year follow-up.Clinician ratings and self-ratings of panic frequency and intensity indicated that the focused cognitive therapy group achieved significantly greater reductions in panic symptoms and general anxiety after 8 weeks of treatment than did the group that received brief supportive psychotherapy. At 8 weeks, 71% of the cognitive therapy group were panic free, compared to 25% of the psychotherapy group. Moreover, 94% of the psychotherapy patients elected to cross over to 12 weeks of cognitive therapy. At 1-year follow-up, 87% of the group that received cognitive therapy only and 79% of the group that crossed over into cognitive therapy remained free of panic attacks.Focused cognitive therapy offers a promising nonpharmacological alternative for the treatment of panic disorder.
Life as an omnipraticien in France
Authors: I. Bamforth
Journal: BMJ (1997)

# Life as an omnipraticien in France {#article-title-2}

Iain Bamforth completed his vocational training for general practice in Britain before crossing the Channel to practise in Strasbourg. In a system similar to British medicine before the NHS, the going can be tough 

While economic liberalism continues to change the face of British medicine, medical care in France has been unwaveringly liberal since its very inception. Much of modern hospital medicine was French in inspiration, and still enjoys enormous prestige in its country of origin, but general medicine suffers in terms of patients', peers', and self perception.1 Primary care is an undeveloped notion.

The basic aspects of medical liberalism were established in 1897, 1930, and 1945 with the fee for service (paiement a l'acte), the liberal charter itself, and universal health insurance Securite sociale, or Secu) respectively. It is one of the great oddities of postwar history that a country with a better and fairer education system and excellent public transport and civic amenities (for which the French pay among the highest taxes in Europe) allows its doctors to sink or swim in a market more capitalist than anything dreamed up by Milton Friedmann.

Medical school in France consists of three cycles. The premedical cycle begins after school, and unlike Britain, is open to any pupil who has successfully completed the science baccalaureat. After examination at the end of the first year, 80% of students are rejected. The second phase, lasting four years, combines theoretical and bedside teaching, with very limited ward duties. In France entry into specialist training programmes is dependent on passing the Internat: almost half of the 4000 students who enter the third cycle of general medicine do so because they fail to pass this examination.

The Internat therefore stigmatises generalists from the start, and, with clinical training falling short of the comprehensiveness of vocational training …
Preoperative Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug or Steroid and Outcomes after Trabeculectomy
Authors: Christophe Breusegem, Leigh Spielberg, Rita Van Ginderdeuren, Evelien Vandewalle, Charlotte Renier, Sara Van de Veire, Steffen Fieuws, Thierry Zeyen, Ingeborg Stalmans
Journal: Ophthalmology (2010)
Amyloid production by dermal fibroblasts.
Authors: U. RUNNE, C.E. ORFANOS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Electron microscopic investigations in 7 patients with different dermatoses or skin tumours containing amyloid showed that amyloid is synthesized in the cytoplasm of dermal cells. In 3 cases of localized primary amyloidosis of the skin highly active cells were demonstrated, showing grossly dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum, resembling fibroblasts. Their intracellular product seemed amorphous, later filamentous, and was then released into the extracellular space. Extracellular aggregations of typical amyloid filaments were found partially surrounded by thin cytoplasmic remnants of the cells producing them. Subclinical amounts of amyloid found in porokeratosis of Mibelli, in superficial basal-cell carcinoma, in senile skin, and in clinically normal skin of a patient with malignant melanoma showed the same characteristics. Other cell types such as plasma cells and mast cells were well preserved and seemed stimulated; however, no amyloid precursors were found in their cytoplasm and no release was seen. We, therefore, conclude that dermal amyloid is generally produced by falsely programmed fibroblasts.
Die Operation (Prof. Dr. R. Andler, of Singen)
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ibuprofen useful in treating babies' heart defect
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Ibuprofen works just as well as indomethacin for non-surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus in premature babies and is less likely to cause dangerous side effects, according to a new study.

The New England Journal of Medicine released the study on its website in advance of its publication date because of its potential in benefiting clinical practice (www.nejm.com/content/vanovermeire/1.asp).

The ductus arteriosus is a wide, muscular blood vessel joining the pulmonary artery and the aorta. This connection allows blood to be diverted from the lungs into the aorta during fetal development as the baby does not breathe until after delivery. …
Abstract 89: Enhanced Perfusion During Advanced Life Support Improves Survival with Favorable Neurological Function in a Porcine Model of Refractory Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Guillaume Debaty, Anja Metzger, Jennifer Rees, Scott McKnite, Laura Puertas, Demetris Yannopoulos, Keith G Lurie
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Despite both Basic Life Support (BLS) and Advanced Life Support (ALS) most cardiac arrest patients die. To improve the likelihood for survival with favorable neurological function, we assessed a new ALS approach using the combination of active compression decompression (ACD) cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) plus an intrathoracic pressure regulator (ACD-ITPR). Recent CPR studies have shown that ACD-ITPR provides greater blood flow to the heart and brain than standard CPR or ACD CPR plus an impedance threshold device (ITD). Method: Ventricular fibrillation (VF) was induced in 18 female farm pigs (39±3 Kg) anesthetized with 1.5% isoflurane. Twelve minutes later they were randomized to 3 groups (n=6/group): Group A - 3 minutes of BLS with S-CPR, 3 defibrillation shocks, and 2 minutes of ALS with S-CPR then 3 shocks; Group B - 3 minutes of BLS with S-CPR, 3 shocks, and 2 minutes of ALS with ACD-IPR then 3 shocks; and Group C - 3 minute of BLS with ACD CPR +ITD, 3 shocks, and 2 minutes of ALS ...
HODGKIN'S DISEASE INVOLVING THE PITUITARY GLAND WITH DIABETES INSIPIDUS
Authors: Ernest I. Melton, W. L. Mcnamara
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1946)

Case Reports1 September 1946HODGKIN'S DISEASE INVOLVING THE PITUITARY GLAND WITH DIABETES INSIPIDUSERNEST I. MELTON, W. L. MCNAMARAERNEST I. MELTONSearch for more papers by this author, W. L. MCNAMARASearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-25-3-525 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHodgkin's granuloma is a fairly common entity, but involvement of the pituitary gland with symptoms is rarely encountered. In a survey of the literature, only four cases of lymphogranuloma of the hypophysis were found, one case without symptoms and the other three showing the symptoms of diabetes insipidus. A case of the later type is described.CASE REPORTThe patient, M. C. S., was a white male, aged 47, a farmer, admitted March 24, 1945. The family history and the past history presented nothing of significance. The patient had been in good health until August 1944 when he first noticed...Bibliography1. DESBUQUOIS MG: Sur un cas de lymphogranulomatose maligne compliqué de diabète insipide, Bull. e. mém. Soc. méd. d. hôp. d. Paris, 1935, li, 1355-1362. Google Scholar2. FALTASPITZENBERGER WO: Ein Fall von Diabetes insipidus durch Lymphogranulom de Dingt, Strahlentherapie, 1937, lx, 385-392. Google Scholar3. FISHERINGRAMRANSON CWTSW: Diabetes insipidus and the neuro-hormonal control of water balance, 1938, Edwards Brothers, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. FLOSI AZ: Sôbre um caso de diabetes insípidus condicionado á linfogranulomatose maligna, Arq. de cir. clin. e exper., 1941, 1027-1054. Google Scholar5. RANSONFISHERINGRAM SWCWK: Hypothalamico-hypophyseal mechanism in diabetes insipidus, Am. Res. Nerv. and Ment. Dis., Proc., 1936, xvii, 410. Google Scholar6. TÖRNE HV: Lymphogranulomatose der Hypophyse, Zentralbl. f. allg. Path. u. path. Anat., 1941, lxxvii, 305-307. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication August 8, 1945.From the Pathological Laboratory of the Veterans Administration Facility. Published under R & P, 6725, Veterans Administration. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIntracranial Lesions in Hodgkin's DiseaseNeurologic Manifestations of the LymphomasDIABETES INSIPIDUSDisappearance of Diabetes Insipidus after Progressive and Complete Destruction of the Pituitary Gland by Metastatic CarcinomaPathologische Anatomie und Physiologie der hypophysär-hypothalamischen Krankheiten 1 September 1946Volume 25, Issue 3Page: 525-531KeywordsHodgkin lymphomaPituitary glandResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1946 PDF downloadLoading ...
The INDEX project: executive summary of a European Union project on indoor air pollutants
Authors: K. Koistinen, D. Kotzias, S. Kephalopoulos, C. Schlitt, P. Carrer, M. Jantunen, S. Kirchner, J. McLaughlin, L. Mølhave, E. O. Fernandes, B. Seifert
Journal: Allergy (2008)

The prevalence of allergies, asthma and other respiratory diseases in large populations has increased in recent decades. Among other factors, this phenomenon has been connected to adverse health effects of air pollution. Although some causal links between occupational exposures and their health effects are shown, still little is known about the health risks of lifelong exposure to indoor air pollutants. To assess the health risks of indoor air pollutants at prevailing concentration levels in Europe, the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission carried out a project called "Critical Appraisal of the Setting and Implementation of Indoor Exposure Limits in the EU" (INDEX). The aims of the project were: (1) to assess health risks of indoor-originated chemical pollutants that might be regulated in the EU and (2) to provide suggestions and recommendations on potential exposure limits or other risk management measures. The results of the INDEX project should contribute to the development of an EU strategy for the management of indoor air quality. The highest priority was given in this study to: formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, benzene and naphthalene. Exposure limits, recommendations and management options were also given to minimize the health risks for these compounds.
Abstract 3879: Crosstalk initiated by endothelial cells endows head and neck cancer stem cells with an invasive phenotype
Authors: Hong S. Kim, Zhaocheng Zhang, Kristy A. Warner, Kelsey A. Finkel, April Adams, Jacques E. Nor
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas contain a sub-population of uniquely tumorigenic cells (named cancer stem cells) that are thought to participate in metastatic dissemination. We have previously shown that head and neck cancer stem cells (HNCSC) can be identified as ALDHhighCD44high and reside within the perivascular niche, in close proximity to blood vessels. Therefore, it is possible that a crosstalk between HNCSC and endothelial cells plays a functional role in metastatic spread. Here, we hypothesize that factors secreted by endothelial cells enhance motility and invasiveness of HNCSC. We observed that endothelial cell-derived factors induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of unsorted head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells, as demonstrated by decreased expression of epithelial markers (e.g. Desmoplakin), enhanced expression mesenchymal cell markers (e.g. Vimentin) and transcriptional regulators of EMT (e.g. Snail), and enhanced migration of these cells. Further, endothelial cell-secreted factors enhanced the orosphere forming-ability of HNSCC plated in ultra-low attachment plates, enhanced the fraction of ALDHhighCD44high cells, and expression of Bmi-1. Similarly, HNCSC had increased number of orospheres and enhanced motility in the presence of endothelial cell-derived factors. Taken together, these data indicate that a crosstalk initiated by endothelial cells endows head and neck cancer cells with high motility and a stem-like phenotype, and suggest that endothelial cells may play an active role in the initial steps of metastatic spread. Support for this work was provided by grant R01-DE21139 from the NIH/NIDCR, and grant P50-CA97248 (University of Michigan Head Neck SPORE) from the NIH/NCI. Citation Format: Hong S. Kim, Zhaocheng Zhang, Kristy A. Warner, Kelsey A. Finkel, April Adams, Jacques E. Nor. Crosstalk initiated by endothelial cells endows head and neck cancer stem cells with an invasive phenotype. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3879. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3879
Novel influenza A (H1N1) virus infections among health-care personnel - United States, April-May 2009.
Authors: K. Harriman, J. Rosenberg, S. Robinson, B. Bernier, R. Bentz, K. Waller, A. Weltman, M. Jansen, L. Halverson, G. Borlaug, L. Finelli, S. Lindstrom, A. Klimov, D. L. Swerdlow, S. J. Olsen, M. E. Wise, J. Jaeger, M. K. Patel, R. Palekar, D. Sugerman, N. Dharan
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2009)
A CASE OF SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION OF THE SPINAL CORD WITH INTERESTING HEREDITARY FEATURES
Authors: S. W. Ranson, Samuel Reback
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1942)

Case Reports1 October 1942A CASE OF SUBACUTE COMBINED DEGENERATION OF THE SPINAL CORD WITH INTERESTING HEREDITARY FEATURESS. W. RANSON JR., M.D., SAMUEL REBACK, M.D.S. W. RANSON JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, SAMUEL REBACK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-17-4-738 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOn January 27, 1938, a man, aged 24, was brought to the Neurological Institute of New York, apparently moribund, suffering with subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord secondary to pernicious anemia. His mother and paternal uncle had had the same disease. This hereditary background, the abnormally early onset of the illness, and the unusually good response to therapy have prompted the presentation of this case report.Hurst,1Meulengracht,2Johannessohn,3Tscherning,4Ungley and Suzman,5and others have presented instances of subacute combined degeneration occurring in more than one member of a family. Wilkinson and Brockbank6in 1931 reviewed the literature,...Bibliography1. HURST AF: Addison's (pernicious) anemia and subacute combined degeneration of the spinal cord, Brit. Med. Jr., 1924, i, 93. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. JOHANNESSOHN F: Perniziöse Anämie bei zwei Brüdern, Deutsch. med. Wchnschr., 1925, li, 1953. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. MEULENGRACHT E: The hereditary factor in pernicious anemia, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1925, clxix, 177. Google Scholar4. TSCHERNING R: Biermersche Anämie bei drei Geschwistern, Deutsch. med. Wchnschr., 1926, lii, 707. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. UNGLEYSUZMAN CCMM: Subacute combined degeneration of the cord: symptomatology and effects of liver therapy, Brain, 1929, lii, 271. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. WILKINSONBROCKBANK JFW: The importance of familial achlorhydria in the aetiology of pernicious anemia, Quart. Jr. Med., 1931, xxiv, 219. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: S. W. RANSONJR., M.D.; SAMUEL REBACK, M.D.Affiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication September 19, 1940.From the Neurological Institute of New York, New York City. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA Family Study of Pernicious AnaemiaDistúrbios neurológicos nos estados carenciais aquílicos 1 October 1942Volume 17, Issue 4 Page: 738-744 Keywords Pernicious anemia Spinal cord ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 October 1942 PDF downloadLoading ...
356. IL-12 Transduced Bone Marrow Cells Home to Bone and Generate Anti-Metastatic Activities in a Mouse Prostate Cancer Model
Authors: Hongyu Wang, Guang Yang, Terry L. Timme, Tetsuo Fujita, Koji Naruishi, Xiaorong Ji, Malcolm K. Brenner, Dov Kadmon, Timothy C. Thompson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

To exploit the immunomodulatory effects of IL-12 in cancer, we used retroviral vector-mediated gene-modified cells to overexpress IL-12 in adult bone marrow cells (BMC) to target and achieve long-term transgene expression in BM and metastatic sites. 129/SvRosa mice BMC were infected with high titer (>106 IU/ml) murine IL-12 transducing retroviral vector, DFG-mIL-12, or control vector, DFG-eGFP (MOI=2 or 5, transduction efficiency=20-30%). DFG-mIL-12 or DFG-eGFP transduced BMC (106/mouse) were injected via tail vein into recipient 129/Sv mice without myeloablation. The recipient mice harbored lung and bone metastases established by i.v. injection of 178-2 BMA mouse prostate cancer cells three days prior to treatment. Animals were sacrificed at days 3, 7 or 21 following gene-modified BMC therapy and tissues analyzed.
Israeli doctors call for police protection
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The Israel Medical Association, concerned about rising violence against doctors, is demanding protection, such as the posting of a police guard in every hospital emergency room.

There have been four incidents in the past two weeks—among them the murder of a senior doctor in the Israel Prison Service. Doctors say that in nearly every emergency room in any given week there are several incidents of threatened violence, with actual attacks from time to time.

All doctors working …