tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma: results of a Cooperative German/Austrian study.
Authors: K Winkler, G Beron, R Kotz, M Salzer-Kuntschik, J Beck, W Beck, W Brandeis, W Ebell, R Erttmann, U Göbel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

From December 1979 to August 1982 158 patients were registered for an adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) study COSS -80. To compare the effect of cisplatin (CPL) to that of the drug combination bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, and dactinomycin (BCD), patients were randomized to receive either drug(s) within a course of sequential multidrug CT including doxorubicin and high-dose methotrexate (HDMTX). Definite surgery was done 10-18 weeks after the start of CT. Patients were randomized a second time to receive or not to receive fibroblast interferon in addition to CT beginning at week 16. At a median observation time of 19.5 months (range, 4-34 months), 116 (73%) of 158 patients were continuously disease-free (CDF). After exclusion of 42 patients because of some deviation in history and/or management, 86 (74%) of 116 patients actually were CDF with a 30-month calculated CDF-rate of 68%. There was no difference in CDF rates in the patients receiving BCD versus CPL or receiving interferon versus no interferon. Whereas, in comparison to the previous study COSS -77, the over-all increase in CDF rate does not reach statistical significance, it does, however, for the younger (less than or equal to 12 years) and for male patients, which is assumed to be the effect of increasing the methotrexate dose from 6 to 12 g/m2 in the COSS -80 study.
Virus Isolation Test for Feline Leukemia Virus2
Authors: F. de Noronha, A. Poco, J. E. Post, C. G. Rickard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

A method was developed for detecting feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection in cats by coculturing separated blood lymphocytes and platelets with clone 81 cells carrying a murine sarcoma genome but free of leukemia virus (S+L-). FeLV caused cell transformation that was easily visible 3–12 days after infection. This method is simple, sensitive, and easily read; it has the advantage of directly detecting infectious FeLV rather than viral antigens.
Rapid Hematopoietic Recovery After Coinfusion of Autologous-Blood Stem Cells and Culture-Expanded Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Advanced Breast Cancer Patients Receiving High-Dose Chemotherapy
Authors: Omer N. Koç, Stanton L. Gerson, Brenda W. Cooper, Stephanie M. Dyhouse, Stephen E. Haynesworth, Arnold I. Caplan, Hillard M. Lazarus
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

Multipotential mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are found in human bone marrow and are shown to secrete hematopoietic cytokines and support hematopoietic progenitors in vitro. We hypothesized that infusion of autologous MSCs after myeloablative therapy would facilitate engraftment by hematopoietic stem cells, and we investigated the feasibility, safety, and hematopoietic effects of culture-expanded MSCs in breast cancer patients receiving autologous peripheral-blood progenitor-cell (PBPC) infusion.We developed an efficient method of isolating and culture-expanding a homogenous population of MSCs from a small marrow-aspirate sample obtained from 32 breast cancer patients. Twenty-eight patients were given high-dose chemotherapy and autologous PBPCs plus culture-expanded MSC infusion and daily granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.Human MSCs were successfully isolated from a mean +/- SD of 23.4 +/- 5.9 mL of bone marrow aspirate from all patients. Expansion cultures generated greater than 1 x 10(6) MSCs/kg for all patients over 20 to 50 days with a mean potential of 5.6 to 36.3 x 10(6) MSCs/kg after two to six passages, respectively. Twenty-eight patients were infused with 1 to 2.2 x 10(6) expanded autologous MSCs/kg intravenously over 15 minutes. There were no toxicities related to the infusion of MSCs. Clonogenic MSCs were detected in venous blood up to 1 hour after infusion in 13 of 21 patients (62%). Median time to achieve a neutrophil count greater than 500/microL and platelet count >/= 20,000/microL untransfused was 8 days (range, 6 to 11 days) and 8.5 days (range, 4 to 19 days), respectively.This report is the first describing infusion of autologous MSCs with therapeutic intent. We found that autologous MSC infusion at the time of PBPC transplantation is feasible and safe. The observed rapid hematopoietic recovery suggests that MSC infusion after myeloablative therapy may have a positive impact on hematopoiesis and should be tested in randomized trials.
Body composition in COPD patients; benefits of segmental assessment
Authors: Daniela Gologanu, Diana Ionita, Teodora Gartonea, Cristina Stanescu, Miron Bogdan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Body composition assessment is useful in COPD patients for the evaluation of muscular depletion responsible for low exercise capacity.  Aims: (a) to describe body composition in COPD patients referred to pulmonary rehabilitation; (b) to examine the relationships between body composition and exercise capacity; (c) to test if segmental wasting of lower limbs muscle mass correlates with exercise capacity.  Method: 50 consecutive COPD patients referred for rehabilitation performed six minutes walking test (6MWT) and body composition assessment by direct segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis.  Results: The prevalence of nutritional depletion (low body mass index and/or low fat free mass index - FFMI) among our COPD patients was 20%. 16% of the patients had low FFMI and 54 % had low SMMI (skeletal muscle mass index). FFMI and SMMI both correlated significantly with 6MWD (r=0.352, p=0.012, and r=0.312, p=0.027, respectively). The segmental body composition assessment revealed that 76% of the patients had unbalanced upper/lower skeletal muscle mass, i.e. mean upper limbs lean mass predicted was greater than lower limb lean mass predicted: 108,8% versus 87,3% These “unbalanced“ patients had significantly lower mean 6MWD: 361.5 m versus 434.6 m, p= 0.038 in “balanced” patients.  Conclusions: .The percentage of patients with low SMMI was greater than those with low FFM. FFMI and SSMI correlated significantly with 6MWD. Segmental body composition assessment revealed that “unbalanced” patients had significantly lower 6MWD. These results show that SMMI and segmental body composition evaluation are useful for an early detection of muscular impairment in COPD patients.
Genetic diversity of carbapenem-hydrolysing β-lactamases in Acinetobacter baumannii from Romanian hospitals
Authors: R.A. Bonnin, L. Poirel, M. Licker, P. Nordmann
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)

Thirteen carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, collected in Romania during 2009–2010, were investigated to identify the mechanism(s) responsible for carbapenem resistance. Genotyping was performed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multiplex PCR sequence typing and multilocus sequence typing. Eleven non-clonally related isolates harboured the blaOXA-23 gene on their chromosome within a Tn2008 transposon structure. The two remaining isolates harboured a blaOXA-58 gene that was either plasmid or chromosome borne. Two isolates co-expressed OXA-23 together with the extended-spectrum β-lactamase PER-1. This study constitutes the first report of OXA-58 and OXA-23-producing A. baumannii isolates in Romania.
Lung Function Growth and Its Relation to Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Recent Wheeze
Authors: WEI XUAN, JENNIFER K. PEAT, BRETT G. TOELLE, GUY B. MARKS, GEOFFREY BERRY, ANN J. WOOLCOCK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

To evaluate the association between growth in height and growth in lung function, and to identify the potential temporal relationships between airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), respiratory symptoms, and lung function growth during adolescence and young adulthood, we analyzed data collected from the Belmont cohort. Among the 718 schoolchildren initially studied at 1982 (aged 8-10 yr), 557 were studied between two times and six times at 2-yr intervals until 1992. Baseline lung function, AHR by histamine inhalation test, and recent wheeze by questionnaires, were measured at each visit. We found that between 17 and 19 yr of age, when growth in height had stopped, growth in FEV(1) was approximately 200 ml/yr in boys and 100 ml/yr in girls. Peak growth velocity of height occurred at age 13 both in boys and in girls, whereas peak growth velocity of FEV(1) occurred at the same age only in girls and 1 yr later in boys. Having AHR and recent wheeze at the previous study time were both associated with lower subsequent growth in FEV(1), but not with subsequent growth in FVC. We conclude that lung function continues to grow after the cessation of height growth and that growth in FEV(1) is reduced in subjects with AHR and/or recent wheeze.
Computer model for searching an optimal instruments placement in miniivasive thoracic surgery
Authors: Aleksander Bazhenov, Igor Motus, Igor Chernyaev, Sofia Markina, Elena Filatova, Igor Medvinsky
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction. In present days in surgery there is a clear trend to increasing of miniinvasive operations. So the thoracic surgery is not an exception. These operations provides to patients better cosmetic effect, faster recovery of common physical activity and has lower morbidity. But thoracoports placement often based only on surgeons experience, and doesn9t have any objective criteria. Using criteria of operation access, there arise an opportunity for choosing optimal thoracoports placement on the chest wall.  Objectives.  We try to establish optimal thoracoports placement points for performing operational interventions on certain organs of chest, before operation, using criteria of operational access.  Methods.  Using criteria:  “Operational action angle”  (OAA) and  “Depth of soft tissues”  (DST) our team attempted to create a computer model. This model allows to calculate the values of criteria (OAA, DST) of every patient on digital reconstructions of CT scans of chest on expected object of intervention. It was created in MeVisLab program with use of DICOM pack of images from computed tomography scanner. The program permits to replace virtual manipulators on the surface or chest for choosing optimal manipulators placement, which defined with combining of OAA and DST in the insertion point.  Results. We have created a computer model allowing to find an optimal placement of surgical instruments on chest wall for performing miniinvasive operations on certain targets in chest.  Conclusions. Our computer model for searching optimal thoracoports in chest wall for miniinvasive thoracic surgery is used objective, measurable criteria and it would potentially improve and ease the work of surgeon.
Abstract 1822: Heart Transplantation in Pediatric HLA-Sensitized Patients
Authors: Stacey M Pollock BarZiv, Neal den Hollander, Bo Ngan, Paul F Kantor, Brian McCrindle, Anne I Dipchand
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: There is an elevated risk for deleterious outcomes following heart transplant (HTx) in patients (pts) sensitized to human leukocyte antigens (HLA) including cellular (ACR) and antibody-...
Should the ASCO/ASH Guidelines for the Use of Intravenous Iron in Cancer- and Chemotherapy-Induced Anemia Be Updated?
Authors: Anat Gafter-Gvili, David P. Steensma, Michael Auerbach
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

Coadministration of intravenous (IV) iron improves responses to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in the treatment of cancer-associated (CAA) and chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA). Twelve prospective studies have demonstrated synergy between parenteral iron and ESAs, with variable degrees of improved hemoglobin (Hgb) response rates, shorter times to target Hgb levels, and a lower ESA dose required for equivalent Hgb responses. Clinically significant adverse events (AEs) with currently available IV iron products are uncommon. Pretreatment serum hepcidin levels may predict response magnitude. Safety concerns among many oncologists are driven by reports of serious AEs from older IV iron formulations that are no longer available, and misinterpretation of the nature and frequency of minor infusion reactions. Premedication with antihistamines is of unproven benefit and can cause symptoms that mimic anaphylaxis, prompting intervention with vasopressors and converting self-limited reactions into hemodynamically significant AEs. Payer rules proscribing the administration of ESAs and IV iron on the same day also have limited the clinical adoption of IV iron and ESA coadministration. At a time when financial resources are scarce, the ability to reduce use of costly ESAs is beneficial. Despite a favorable risk/benefit ratio for IV iron in CAA and CIA, current IV iron recommendations in guidelines from ASCO/ASH, NCCN, and ESMO are inconsistent. The authors believe more routine use of IV iron for CAA and CIA is appropriate in view of existing evidence, and suggest reconsideration of the current ASCO/ASH guidelines, which state “there is insufficient evidence to consider the use of intravenous iron as a standard of care.”
Randomized, Multicenter Trial of Fluorouracil Plus Leucovorin Administered Either Via Hepatic Arterial or Intravenous Infusion Versus Fluorodeoxyuridine Administered Via Hepatic Arterial Infusion in Patients With Nonresectable Liver Metastases From Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Matthias Lorenz, Hans-Helge Müller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of three treatments for patients with documented adenocarcinoma of the colon and/or rectum who have undergone complete resection of primary tumor and have nonresectable liver metastases that do not exceed 75% of the liver volume. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 168 patients at 25 treatment centers were enrolled onto this prospective, multicenter, randomized study. The three treatment arms were as follows: (1) fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin (LV) administered via hepatic arterial infusion (HAI), (2) 5-FU/LV administered via intravenous (IV) infusion, and (3) fluorodeoxyuridine (FUDR) administered via HAI. RESULTS: Median times to disease progression for the three treatment arms were as follows: 9.2 months for patients treated with HAI 5-FU/LV, 6.6 months for IV 5-FU/LV, and 5.9 months for HAI FUDR. Median survival times for patients treated with HAI 5-FU/LV, IV 5-FU/LV, and HAI FUDR were 18.7 months, 17.6 months, and 12.7 months, respectively. There was a nearly two-fold increase in time to progression in addition to a survival benefit among patients with an intrahepatic tumor burden of less than 25% who were treated with HAI 5-FU/LV. The most common adverse events were stomatitis, nausea and vomiting, skin irritation, diarrhea, and elevated serum levels of liver enzymes. Some patients exhibited severe reactions, including biliary sclerosis and chemical hepatitis. CONCLUSION: Although the use of HAI 5-FU/LV as a means of treating liver metastases after resection of colorectal carcinoma warrants further investigation, it cannot be recommended as a routine therapeutic measure at this time.
Adrenergic receptor genes as candidate genes for panic disorder: a linkage study
Authors: Z W Wang, R R Crowe, R Noyes
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Several lines of investigation suggest that the noradrenergic neurotransmitter system may be involved in the pathogenesis of panic disorder. Since a mutation in a gene coding for one of the adrenergic receptors could account for both the familial nature and autonomic dysfunction of panic disorder, the authors performed analyses of the linkage between panic disorder and five adrenergic receptor loci.The subjects were 14 multiplex pedigrees with DSM-III panic disorder or agoraphobia with panic attacks. The loci tested were the alpha 1/beta 2 pair on chromosome 5q32-q34, the alpha 2/beta 1 pair on chromosome 10q24-q26, and a second alpha 2 locus on chromosome 4. Flanking loci were included in the analysis on chromosomes 5 and 10 to increase the informativeness of the adrenergic receptor loci.Lod scores less than -2.0 were found at all five receptor loci.These findings provide strong evidence against the possibility that genetic mutation at any of these loci is responsible for panic disorder in these pedigrees.
Second Allogeneic Bone Marrow Transplantation in Acute Leukemia: Results of a Survey by the European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation
Authors: Alberto Bosi, Daniele Laszlo, Myriam Labopin, Josy Reffeirs, Mauricette Michallet, Eliane Gluckman, Paolo Emilio Alessandrino, Franco Locatelli, Jean Paul Vernant, Jorge Sierra, Jean Pierre Jouet, Francesco Frassoni
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: Leukemic relapse is the most frequent cause of treatment failure after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). To identify prognostic factors affecting the outcome of second HSCT, we performed a retrospective study on patients with acute leukemia (AL) undergoing second HSCT who reported to the Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Cooperative Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred seventy patients who received second HSCTs for AL experienced relapse after first HSCTs were performed from 1978 to 1997. Status at second HSCT, time between first and second HSCT, conditioning regimen, source of stem cells, treatment-related mortality (TRM), acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD), leukemia-free survival (LFS), overall survival (OS), and relapse were considered. RESULTS: Engraftment occurred in 97% of patients. Forty-two patients were alive at last follow-up, with a 5-year OS rate of 26%. The 5-year probability for TRM, LFS, and relapse was 46%, 25%, and 59%, respectively. Grade ≥ 2 aGVHD occurred in 59% of patients, and chronic GVHD occurred in 32%. In multivariate analysis, diagnosis, interval to relapse after first HSCT &gt; 292 days, aGVHD at first HSCT, complete remission status at second HSCT, use of total-body irradiation at second HSCT, acute GVHD at second HSCT, and use of bone marrow as source of stem cells at second HSCT were associated with better outcome. CONCLUSION: Second HSCT represents an effective therapeutic option for AL patients relapsed after allogeneic HSCT, with a 3-year LFS rate of 52% for the subset of patients who experienced relapse more than 292 days after receiving the first HSCT and who were in remission before receiving the second HSCT.
Evaluation of optimal duration of chemotherapy in favorable-prognosis disseminated germ cell tumors: a Southeastern Cancer Study Group protocol.
Authors: L H Einhorn, S D Williams, P J Loehrer, R Birch, R Drasga, G Omura, F A Greco
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Four courses of PVP16B (cisplatin plus etoposide [VP-16] plus bleomycin) has been standard chemotherapy for disseminated germ cell tumors at Indiana University and the Southeastern Cancer Study Group (SECSG) since 1984. We began a random prospective phase III study in patients with favorable-prognosis (minimal and moderate extent) disseminated germ cell tumors comparing four courses of PVP16B over 12 weeks to the identical dose PVP16B administered in three courses over 9 weeks. The categories of minimal and moderate disease constitute approximately two thirds of all disseminated germ cell tumors that require chemotherapy. One hundred eighty-four patients entered this trial, and all patients have a minimal follow-up of 1 year. Overall, 106 of 107 (99%) minimal extent and 73 of 77 moderate patients (95%) achieved an initial disease-free status (NED), confirming the favorable prognostic categories. Eighty-six of 88 patients (98%) randomized to three courses and 93 of 96 randomized to four courses (97%) of PVP16B achieved disease-free status. There have been ten relapses (5%), with five on each arm. Currently, 81 of 88 (92%) and 88 of 96 (92%) patients randomized to three v four courses of PVP16B are continuously disease-free. This study confirms the high cure rate with PVP16B in favorable-prognosis germ cell tumors. The deletion of the fourth course of PVP16B significantly reduces the toxicity, cost, and inconvenience of this curative regimen. We conclude that three courses of PVP16B is the preferred regimen for favorable-prognosis germ cell tumors.
Adenocarcinoma of the Kidney. II. Enzyme Histochemistry of Renal Adenocarcinomas Induced in Rats by N-(4′-Fluoro-4-biphenylyl)acetamide23
Authors: Barry M. Heatfield, David E. Hinton, Benjamin F. Trump
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Activities of a broad spectrum of enzymes were studied histochemically in renal adenocarcinomas induced in young male F344 rats by chronic dietary administration of the carcinogen N-(4′-fluoro-4-biphenylyl)acetamide. Enzymes included were: dehydrogenases of glucose-6-phosphate, lactate, succinate, malate, and a-glycerophosphate; peroxidase (catalase); glucose-6-phosphatase; alkaline and acid phosphatase; Mg2+ ATPase; 5′-nucleotidase; and aminopeptidase. Levels of enzyme activity were estimated visually and scored from 0 (not detectable) to a maximum of 5 (intense). Comparison of estimated activity for each enzyme was made between small neoplastic nodules (stage III tumors) and large adenocarcinomas (stage IV tumors) and between tumors and portions of normal proximal tubules in parenchyma of kidneys from untreated control rats. The results, which revealed nearly identical levels of activity for most enzymes In both stages III and IV tumors, suggested similar metabolic and biologic behavior of these lesions. However, when data for tumors were compared with data for normal proximal tubules, striking differences were observed consistent with: 1) a marked shift of energy metabolism from oxidative to glycolytic production of ATP, with a corresponding reduction in mitochondrial respiration; and 2) simplification of plasma membrane specializations that were possibly associated with a reduction or loss of transport function. These findings were compared with other histochemical, biochemical, and ultrastructural studies of renal adenocarcinomas in rats and man.
Origin and Distribution of Virus-Like Particles Associated With Mammary Tumors in DBA Strain Mice. I. Virus-Like Particles in Mammary Gland Tissue&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Dorothy Gelber Feldman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Neither A nor B particles were found in the mammary glands of strain DBA virgin mice younger than 6 months of age. However, both A and B particles were evident in the mammary glands of DBA virgins 6 months old and older. Mammary tissue from young DBA females during their first pregnancy and lactation, and during the resting stage after their first pregnancy, contained both A and B particles. While both types of particles were also in the tissue of pregnant or lactating agent-carrying RIII and (C3H × A)F1 × C3H mice, no particles were detectable in the mammary tissue of agent-free C57BL and (C3B × A)F1 × C3B females. The bearing of these findings on whether the A or B particle is the mammary tumor agent is discussed.