tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Repeated Demonstration of a Mouse Leukemia Virus After Treatment With Chemical Carcinogens<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: J. K. Ball, J. A. McCarter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

A single, neonatal injection of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) into mice increased the level of detectable leukemogenic activity in various tissues assayed at short intervals after treatment as well as in primary tumors. This activity was demonstrated by the injection of extracts of the tissues or tumors directly into the thymus of a newborn mouse or into intrarenal thymic grafts prepared as described by Haran-Ghera et al., Cancer Research 26: 438–442, 1966. Of 11 DMBA-induced thymic lymphomas tested, 9 gave positive results; 2 transplanted DMBA-induced thymic lymphomas were positive, 4 were not. The third serial animal passage of a preparation derived from one of the positive thymic lymphomas produced tumors in 56 of 92 animals. The average time for tumors to reach approximately 15 × 20 mm was 68 days. Serial animal passage of cell-free filtrates from primary lymphomas behaved similarly. Cell-free extracts from liver and bone marrow taken 3–7 days after neonatal administration of DMBA (but not from untreated animals) also contained leukemogenic activity that was also enhanced by serial animal passage. A lymphoma arising on the third serial animal passage yielded a cell-free filtrate that could rescue the MSV genome present in Moloney sarcoma virus-induced hamster tumor cells (non-producer, genome carrier). Also, mouse-embryo cell cultures infected with the same filtrate produced syncytia when cocultured with tissue culture cells of the XC cell line (Rous virus-induced rat tumor). In addition, 3 DMBA-induced primary fibrosarcomas and 1 methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma yielded a 10,000 × g tumor cell supernatant (irradiated with 20,000 rad) which induced thymic lymphomas when injected into intrarenal thymus grafts.
Seroepidemiologic Studies on the Possible Relationships of Human and Bovine Leukemia: Brief Communication2
Authors: K. J. Donham, M. J. VanDerMaaten, J. M. Miller, B. C. Kruse, M. J. Rubino
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Seroepidemiologic Studies on the Possible Relationships of Human and Bovine Leukemia: Brief Communication Get access K. J. Donham, K. J. Donham Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. J. VanDerMaaten, M. J. VanDerMaaten Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. Miller, J. M. Miller Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. C. Kruse, B. C. Kruse Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. J. Rubino M. J. Rubino Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 3, September 1977, Pages 851–853, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.3.851 Published: 01 September 1977 Article history Received: 29 November 1976 Accepted: 11 April 1977 Published: 01 September 1977
Influence of Neuroleptics and Benzodiazepines on Metabolism of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Man
Authors: LARS F. GRAM, KERSTIN FREDRICSON OVERØ, LARS KIRK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors tested the pharmacokinetic interaction between benzodiazepines and nortriptyline in five patients. Each patient was tested during periods of treatment with neuroleptics, diazepam, and chlordiazepoxide, and in a drug-free control period. Neuroleptics (haloperidol and perphenazine) caused changes indicating inhibition of metabolism of 14C-nortriptyline. Neither of the two benzodiazepines caused a significant change in the pharmacokinetic measurements of 14C-nortriptyline. In rats, the metabolism of 14C-nortriptyline was inhibited by pretreatment with chlordiazepoxide, but only when given in a dose of 60 mg./kg. a short time before the administration of 14C-nortriptyline.
Injuries in Australian cricket at first class level 1995/1996 to 2000/2001
Authors: J Orchard, T James, E Alcott, S Carter, P Farhart
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2002)

To describe and analyse injuries and illness occurring in Australian cricket at first class level.Injuries occurring to the state and national teams were surveyed prospectively between the seasons 1998/1999 and 2000/2001, and the three preceding seasons were surveyed retrospectively. The definition of an injury was detailed and generally required the player to miss playing time in a major match.Average injury match incidence in the seasons studied prospectively varied from a low of 19.0 injuries per 10 000 player hours in first class domestic matches to a high of 38.5 injuries per 10 000 player hours in one day internationals. The average seasonal incidence was 19.2 injuries per squad (25 players) per season (20 matches). Injury prevalence (the percentage of players missing through injury at any given time) was 14% for pace bowlers, 4% for spin bowlers, 4% for batsmen, and 2% for wicket keepers. The most common injuries were hamstring strains, side strains, groin injuries, wrist and hand injuries, and lumbar soft tissue injuries. Bowlers who had bowled more than 20 match overs in the week leading up to a match had an increased risk of sustaining a bowling injury (risk ratio 1.91, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.28 to 2.85). A further risk for bowling injury is bowling second in a match-that is, batting first (risk ratio 1.62, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.50). A risk factor for injury in fielding is colliding with the boundary fence.Further study is required to determine ways to minimise the risk of injury in fast bowlers. Cricket grounds should mark a boundary line on the playing field to prevent players colliding with fences in the field.
Bacteria and endotoxin induce release of basophil histamine in patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: J. Jørgensen, N. Bach‐Mortensen, C. Koch, A. Fomsgaard, L. Bæk, J. O. Jarlœv, F. Espersen, C. B. Jensen, P. Stahl, S. Norn
Journal: Allergy (1987)
Is the STOP-BANG questionnaire a valid screening tool for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery?
Authors: Martina Mason, Danielle Horton, Clare East, Rebecca Chadwick, Ian Smith
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background   OSA is common in the adult populationand a high proportion of sufferers remain undiagnosed and may be presenting for surgery. There is a move towards pre-operative screening for OSA and the STOP-BANG questionnaire has been previously validated in a general surgical population. To our knowledge this questionnaire has not yet been validated in a cardiac surgical population.   Aims   To assess the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the STOP-BANG at various scores to predict OSA in patients undergoing CABG surgery.   Methods   Patients were screened for high risk of OSA with the STOP-BANG questionnaire. The presence of OSA, prior to surgery, was assessed with overnight oximetry. Sleep apnoea was defined as a 4% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) of ≥5/hr. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of STOP-BANG were assessed at the ODI cut-off value of ≥5/hr and ≥15/hr.   Results   Out of 94 patients 44 (47%) had a new diagnosis of OSA.   Conclusion   In our patient cohort, STOP-BANG at various scores has high sensitivity but lacks the specificity to identify high risk OSA patients, which may lead to inappropriate utilisation of sleep diagnostics in the pre-operative stage and possible delays in surgery. The cardiac surgical population is preselected as male, older and suffering with hypertension and as such many patients will automatically score as high risk for OSA.
Characterization of skin cytokines in bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: None Rico, None Benning, None Weingart, None Streilein, None Hall
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

The purpose of this study was to determine cytokine and cell marker expression in perilesional skin biopsies from patients with the autoimmune blistering diseases bullous pemphigoid (BP, n = 21) and pemphigus vulgaris (PV, n = 7). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization were used to detect T helper (Th)1 [interleukin (IL)‐2, interferon (IFN)‐γ] and Th2 (IL‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13) protein and mRNA. Perilesional skin biopsies from patients with BP were characterized by the deposition of IL‐4, IL‐13 and IL‐5. In patients with BP, IL‐4 and IL‐13 localized to mononuclear cells within the dermal infiltrate while IL‐5 was predominately expressed at the dermal–epidermal junction. BP skin sections also expressed vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 on endothelial cells, not seen in patients with PV. PV biopsies were remarkable for a mixed Th1/Th2 pattern of cytokine expression, including the presence of IL‐2, IFN‐γ and IL‐4 and the absence of IL‐5 and IL‐13. In situ hybridization detected mRNA for IL‐4 and IL‐5 in the cellular infiltrate of BP patients, and IL‐2 in a patient with PV. In vitro binding assays demonstrated that normal human eosinophils, activated by coculture in IL‐5, bound preferentially to BP skin sections that contained detectable in vivo bound IL‐5. The predominance of Th2 cytokines in BP, in association with increased binding of eosinophils in vitro, suggests that Th2 cytokines are relevant in the recruitment and adhesion of eosinophils within the dermal infiltrates of patients with BP, and may play a part in the pathogenesis of blister formation.
Recalcitrant viral warts treated by diphencyprone immunotherapy
Authors: None Buckley, None Keane, None Munn, None Fuller, None Higgins, None Du Vivier
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Recalcitrant viral warts are a troublesome therapeutic problem. Immunotherapy with the universal allergic contact sensitizer diphencyprone (DCP) has been used successfully in such cases. We have reviewed our experience of the use of DCP in the treatment of resistant hand and foot warts during an 8-year period. Sixty patients were sensitized to DCP during this time; the median duration of warts was 3 years. Twelve patients defaulted from treatment. Of the remaining 48 individuals, 42 (88%) cleared of all warts. The median number of treatments to clear was five (range one to 22) and the median time to clear was 5 months (range 0.5-14). Adverse effects occurred in 27 of 48 patients (56%), most commonly painful local blistering (n = 11), blistering at the sensitization site (n = 9), pompholyx-like reactions (n = 7) and eczematous eruptions (n = 4). Three of those who defaulted did so due to side-effects, one became pregnant and eight dropped out for unknown reasons. Three of the 48 patients who cleared or had at least six treatments also discontinued DCP therapy due to side-effects, but most tolerated treatment well. Twenty-five patients were followed up for periods of 1 month to 8 years (median 2 years) and none had a recurrence. DCP immunotherapy is an effective option for the treatment of recalcitrant viral warts but patients must be motivated to attend for sequential applications and must be warned about potential uncomfortable side-effects.
Pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila and pneumococcal pneumonia: similarities and differences on presentation
Authors: A Granados, D Podzamczer, F Gudiol, F Manresa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1989)

We compared clinical, radiological and laboratory data from 32 cases of community-acquired pneumonia due to Legionella pneumophila, with 37 cases of pneumococcal pneumonia (PP). This study revealed few clinical differences between the two types of pneumonia: in our experience Legionnaire's disease presents like a "typical" bacterial pneumonia. Given the difficulty of making a diagnosis on clinical data alone, we propose early aetiological diagnostic measures and recommend that the choice of initial treatment be based not only on the features at the time of presentation, but also on a consideration of the epidemiology of different types of pneumonia in a given area.
Hormone Dependency of Murine Endocrine Tumors in Vivo and in Organ Culture: A Correlative Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Barbara B. Jacobs, Robert A. Huseby
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

The hormone dependency of 15 testicular interstitial-cell tumors was compared in vivo and in vitro and found to correlate well. After 6–33 days in culture, those tumors, which are unable to grow or be maintained in hypophysectomized hosts, showed extensive degenerative changes in nonsupplemented medium 199. Explants of 2 transplantable autonomous pituitary tumors were maintained well in culture. However, an autonomous adrenocortical tumor could not be sustained unless insulin and adrenocorticotropin were added to the medium. A hormone-dependent ovarian tumor was moderately well preserved but its morphology was altered. After reimplantation of the tumors, most grew and their function and hormone responsivity remained unaltered.—J Natl Cancer Inst 49: 1205–1212, 1972.
Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Enzalutamide Monotherapy in Hormone-Naive Prostate Cancer: 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: B. Tombal, M. Borre, P. Rathenborg, P. Werbrouck, H. van Poppel, A. Heidenreich, P. Iversen, J. Braeckman, J. Heracek, E. Baskin-Bey, T. Ouatas, F.G. Perabo, D. Phung, B. Baron, M. Hirmand, M.R. Smith
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Potentiation of Anticancer Agents by Amphotericin B&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G Medoff, F Valeriote, J Dieckman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Amphotericin B (AmB) has been shown to potentiate the cytotoxicity of several different anticancer agents in AKR mice. The extent of potentiation, as assessed quantitatively by a spleen colony assay, varied from a factor of approximately 3 for 1,3-bis(2-chlorethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) to over 100 for a number of alkylating agents and to over 1,000 for 1-(2-chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea. Most phase-specific agents showed little potentiation of cytotoxicity by AmB. A dose-response effect was noted with both BCNU and adriamycin, with increased potentiation being observed with increasing doses of the anticancer agents. The effect on increase in life-span was also studied and for most of the combinations it correlated with the potentiating effects disclosed by the spleen colony assay. Such a correlation was not found for AmB combined with either BCNU or vincristine.
Poorly Differentiated Cholangiocarcinomas Occurring “Spontaneously” in C3H and C3H × Y Hybrid Mice
Authors: Melvin D. Reuber
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Poorly differentiated cholangiocarcinomas of the liver occurred “spontaneously” in eight C3H and C3H × Y hybrid mice. They were observed in female, male, and castrated male mice. Histologically, the cells of the carcinomas were spindle shaped with oval nuclei and were separated by collagen in some areas. Focally the cells were columnar with pseudostratified nuclei and appeared to form acini.
Superoxide Dismutase Activity of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells2
Authors: S. K. Sahu, L. W. Oberley, R. H. Stevens, E. F. Riley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

A crude extract of Erhlich ascites tumor cell homogenate was found to contain three distinct bands of superoxide dismutase activity by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Activity bands migrated approximately the same distance and were inhibited by cyanide ions. Isolated mitochondria produced two bands of activity that were also inhibited by cyanide. Ethanol-chloroform treatment of the homogenate had no observable effect on these bands of activity, which suggested that the cyanide-insensitive mitochondrial superoxide dismutase activity in these malignant cells was either present in concentrations below detectable levels or completely absent. Normal liver was used as a control for the detection system.
Increased survival in lung cancer patients with diabetes mellitus: A large cohort study
Authors: Peter Hatlen, Bjørn Henning Grønberg, Arnulf Langhammer, Sven M. Carlsen, Tore Amundsen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Individualized treatment in lung cancer (LC) needs precise characterization of the tumour and host. Data on the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM), the most frequent endocrinological disorder, on the prognosis of lung cancer is conflicting.   Aim:  To define the importance of DM for survival in lung cancer.   Method:  We analyzed data from a large cohort study, the Nord-Trondelag Health Study (HUNT study) linked to the Norwegian Cancer Registry, and controlled the results using two lung cancer studies, the Pemetrexed Gemcitabine study (PEG study) and the Norwegian Lung Cancer Bio Bank (NLCB). Survival rate between lung cancer patients with and without DM were compared using the Kaplan-Meier model and Cox regression analysis.   Results:  Of a total number of 107 127 study participants there were 5448 persons with DM and 1877 cases of LC. Among the LC patients 85 patients had DM. LC patients with DM showed a statistically significant survival benefit compared to LC patients without DM ( p  = 0.005). The 1-year, 2-year and 3 year survival in LC patients with and without diabetes showed 43%, 19%, 3% versus 28%, 11%, 0.7%, respectively.  With the Cox regression model we adjusted survival for DM, age, gender, histology, clinical stage and smoking status. The first five confounders showed to be independent factors ( p   p  = 0.531).   Conclusion:  Lung cancer patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased survival compared to lung cancer patients without diabetes mellitus. The magnitude of the survival benefit seems to be of clinical importance and therefore justified to be studied more in detail.
DELIRIOUS EPISODES ASSOCIATED WITH ARTIFICIAL FEVER
Authors: Franklin G. Ebaugh, Clarke H. Barnacle, Jack R. Ewalt
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1936)

1. We have observed 331 delirious episodes occurring in the course of 1324 hyperpyrexia sessions administered to 200 patients suffering from various pathological conditions. There were nine severe or classical deliria. 2. Attempts were made to correlate the occurrence of the deliria with the disease, the height and duration of the fever, and the administration of sedatives. 3. In case studies specific factors were recorded which influenced the development and severity of delirious episodes. 4. We noted individual features in patients with recurrent deliria which reflected their dominant interests, habit patterns, and other personal characteristics. 5. The prevention and treatment of delirious episodes are discussed.
Spontaneous Regression of Friend Murine Leukemia Virus-Induced Erythroleukemia. IV. Effects of Radiation and Athymia on Leukemia Regression in Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P Furmanski, M Dietz, S Fouchey, L Hall, R Clymer, M A Rich
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

The spontaneous regression of the erythroleukemia induced by the regressing Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) complex was inhibited by irradiation of the animals prior to F-MuLV inoculation. This inhibition was proportional to the dose of radiation used. Treatment of the mice with the bone-seeking isotope 89Sr also inhibited erythroleukemia regression, which implicates the same effector mechanisms Involved in the resistance to F-MuLV or F-MuLV-induced immunosuppression. Erythroleukemias induced in athymic nude mice by the regressing F-MuLV complex exhibited higher rates of lethality than did the leukemias in heterozygous or homozygous thymus gland-containing controls. These data suggested the involvement of the immune system in erythroleukemia regression and the specific participation of thymus cells and an 89Sr-susceptible function, perhaps marrow-dependent cells, in the process of regression.
AdE: nosine 3′,5′-Cyclic Monophosphate Levels in X-Ray-Induced Small-Bowel Adenocarcinoma in the Rat 2
Authors: R. H. Stevens, D. D. Smith, J. W. Osborne, L. W. Oberley
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article AdE: nosine 3′,5′-Cyclic Monophosphate Levels in X-Ray-Induced Small-Bowel Adenocarcinoma in the Rat Get access R. H. Stevens, R. H. Stevens Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. D. Smith, D. D. Smith Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. W. Osborne, J. W. Osborne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. W. Oberley L. W. Oberley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 57, Issue 1, July 1976, Pages 43–45, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/57.1.43 Published: 01 July 1976 Article history Received: 08 December 1975 Accepted: 23 January 1976 Published: 01 July 1976
The role of expression of TLR 4 in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice
Authors: Dan Li, Liping Peng, Haibo Yuan, Lei Yu, Shucheng Hua
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective   To investigate the role of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR-4) in mice with lung fibrosis induced by bleomycin.   Method   Sixty mice were equally randomized into two groups, the lung fibrosis model was established by intratracheal lavage of bleomycin (5mg/kg) in lung fibrosis group, the contol group was given saline instead of bleomycin. On the 7, 14 and 21 days, The mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4 in lung tissue were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction(Real-time PCR) and western blot, respectively. In addition, the lung pathological changes were observed on collagen content, neutrophil and monocyte accumulation, and pulmonary fibrosis.   Results   Lung injury scores of lung fibrosis for 14 days and 21 days were significantly higher than that of the control group(P   Conclusion   These results indicate that TLR4 play an important role in lung inflammation after chemical-induced lung injury. In addition, TLR4 was activated again in the lung fibrosis period, which imply a novel concept for TLR4 in the pathophysiology of lung fibrosis.
Renal cyst formation and multifocal neoplasia in transgenic mice carrying the simian virus 40 early region.
Authors: K A Kelley, N Agarwal, S Reeders, K Herrup
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1991)

Simian virus 40 early region transgenic mice develop characteristic pathological abnormalities of the brain, kidney, and thymus, due to expression of large-T antigen. Earlier studies have indicated that the most consistent effect of large-T antigen expression is the formation of choroid plexus papillomas in the brain and that thymic hyperplasia and various kidney abnormalities are less frequently observed. The renal lesions reportedly consist of numerous glomerular abnormalities and tubular proliferation. Surprisingly, an analysis of 21 simian virus 40 early region transgenic mice, which were produced for this study, revealed a much higher incidence of polycystic kidney disease as well as earlier development of T-antigen-induced abnormalities. In marked contrast to earlier observations, there is an apparent reduction in the glomerular number in the affected kidneys, whereas the remaining glomeruli appear normal. The most striking feature of the T-antigen-induced renal abnormalities was extensive hyperplasia of tubular epithelial cells which was most marked in the distal tubules; all tubule segments are involved in the most severely affected animals. In most cases, cysts lined with hyperplastic epithelium were observed and papillary structures protruding from the cyst lining were evident. Multiple areas of focal neoplasia were apparent, and, in the most severely affected animals, there were areas in which tumor had replaced normal renal parenchyma. These results strongly suggest that T-antigen-induced renal cyst and tumor formation are part of the same pathological process which is initially manifested as tubular epithelial hyperplasia.