tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vitamin E treatment of tardive dyskinesia
Authors: L A Adler, E Peselow, J Rotrosen, E Duncan, M Lee, M Rosenthal, B Angrist
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors studied the effects of vitamin E treatment of tardive dyskinesia; earlier studies have produced contradictory results.Twenty-eight patients with tardive dyskinesia were treated in a double-blind, parallel-group comparison study of 8-12 weeks of treatment with vitamin E (1600 IU/day) or matching placebo capsules.The Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale scores of the patients treated with vitamin E improved significantly compared to the scores of the patients given placebo.These results support earlier findings of the efficacy of vitamin E in treating tardive dyskinesia.
Abstract P278: Life's Simple 7 and Risk of Incident Stroke in Black and White Americans: REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
Authors: Ambar Kulshreshtha, Suzanne Judd, Viola Vaccarino, Virginia Howard, William McClellan, Paul Muntner, Yuling Hong, Monika Safford, Mary Cushman
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: The American Heart Association has developed Life’s Simple 7 (LS-7) as a measure of cardiovascular health. In a recent study, LS-7 showed a graded relationship with cardiovascular disease incidence. The association of LS-7 with incident stroke has not been reported previously. Methods: We analyzed data from REGARDS, a national population-based cohort of 30,239 blacks and whites, aged ≥ 45 years of age, sampled from US population between 2003 and 2007. Data for LS-7 was collected by telephone, mail questionnaires, and an in-home exam. Participants were contacted every 6 months for possible stroke, which was validated by physicians using medical record review. LS-7 components (blood pressure, cholesterol, glucose, BMI, smoking, physical activity, diet) were each coded as: poor (1 point), intermediate (2 points) and ideal (3 points). An overall LS-7 score, created by summing the 7 component scores (possible range: 7 to 21), was categorized as: highest (17–21), medium (12–16) and lowest (7–11) cardiovascular health. Cox regression was used to model LS-7 score categories with stroke events. Results: There were 22,914 participants with data on LS-7 and no previous CVD. Mean age was 65 years, 40% were black, and 55% female. Over 4.9 years of follow-up, there were 432 incident strokes. Mean (SD) LS-7 score was 13.5 (2.5). After adjustment for age and sex, mean LS-7 scores were lower for blacks (12.9 ± 0.02) than whites (14.3 ± 0.02). LS-7 categories were associated with incident stroke in a graded fashion (figure). After adjusting for age, race, sex, income, and education, each better health category was associated with a 25% lower risk of incident stroke (HR=0.75, 95% CI = 0.63, 0.90). In stratified analyses, HR was similar for blacks and whites (p-value = 0.55). Conclusion: Blacks had lower levels of cardiovascular health factors than whites. Better cardiovascular health based on LS-7 score was associated with a lower risk of stroke. Results suggest that efforts to improve the LS-7 score may be useful for stroke prevention.
Abstract 2158: Dysregulation of Mitochondrial Biogenesis Program Triggers Transition of Right Ventricular Hypertrophy to Failure
Authors: Huamei He, Dimitrios N Poutias, Mitsuhiro Kawata, Laurie Scharp, Patrick H Campbell, Douglas B Cowan, Ingeborg Friehs, Pedro J Del Nido, Francis X McGowan
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Right ventricular (RV) failure due to abnormal hemodynamic load is a major problem in congenital heart diseases. We have previously shown that decreased mitochondrial (Mito) electron tr...
Clonal Diversity of Ig and T-Cell–Receptor Gene Rearrangements Identifies a Subset of Childhood B-Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia With Increased Risk of Relapse
Authors: Elaine Green, Carmel M. McConville, Judith E. Powell, Jillian R. Mann, Philip J. Darbyshire, A. Malcolm R. Taylor, Tatjana Stankovic
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 14503: Prevalence and Correlates of Impaired Myocardial Blood Flow Reserve in Patients With Normal Myocardial Perfusion Rubidium-82 Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Valerie J Rader, Staci A Courter, James A Case, Kevin F Kennedy, Timothy M Bateman
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: We performed the current study to determine the prevalence and correlates of abnormal myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR) in a large consecutive series of patients with an apparently normal rubidium-82 (82Rb) rest/stress positron emission tomography (PET) perfusion study using spatially-relative visual interpretation. Methods: We quantitated MBFR (defined as stress/rest MBF ratio) using commercially-available software (ImagenQ, CVIT, Kansas City, MO) in consecutive patients referred for clinically indicated 82Rb PET. Retrospectively we identified all 495 patients who had no known CAD and normal scans (summed stress score ≤ 3). Mean age was 66 years, 62% were female, and 23%, 76%, 70%, 14%, 44% and 42% respectively had diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, family history of CAD and obesity. Three analyses were performed: multivariate analysis to identify independent correlates of MBFR; univariate comparison of patients in the lowest tertile of MBFR versus the remainder; and the perc...
BCL6 attenuates DNA damage sensing in normal and malignant B-cells by directly repressing ATR.
Authors: Stella M. Ranuncolo, Jamil Dierov, Jose M. Polo, Rita Shaknovich, Martin Carroll, Ari M. Melnick
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5651 

The BCL6 (B-Cell-Lymphoma-6) transcriptional repressor is a critical oncogene in B-cell lymphomas and is required for establishment of germinal centers by normal B-cells. However, the mechanisms by which BCL6 licenses germinal center formation and lymphomagenesis are unknown. To characterize this mechanism we identified BCL6 target genes by expression arrays and high throughput chromatin immunoprecipitations. Remarkably, a number of these target genes were critical mediators of DNA damage sensing checkpoints including ATR and p53. Therefore, we hypothesized that BCL6 could attenuate DNA damage sensing by silencing these genes, which is likely a critical attribute for survival and proliferation of germinal center B-cells undergoing somatic hypermutation (SHM) and class switch recombination (CSR). Accordingly, we found that expression of BCL6 in normal diploid fibroblasts could block cellular sensing of DNA damage as demonstrated by loss of histone 2AX (H2AX) phosphorylation and delayed repair of double strand breaks, shown by COMET assays. Repression of ATR (but not p53 or other targets) was required for this phenotype. This is a physiological effect since the same result was observed when BCL6 was expressed in purified primary human tonsilar naive B-cells. Reciprocally, shRNA knockdown of BCL6 in B-cell lymphomas rescued repression of ATR, enhanced H2AX phosphorylation and accelerated repair of double strand breaks, independent of the status of p53. shRNA knockdown of BCL6 caused a marked increase of apoptosis in lymphoma cells in response to DNA damage, due to restored DNA damage checkpoint functions. Importantly, BCL6 knockdown had an identical effect on ATR levels, H2AX phosphorylation, DNA damage, and survival in purified primary human germinal center centroblasts. These results suggest that a major role of BCL6 in germinal center formation is to attenuate cellular response to DNA damage occurring as a byproduct of CSR and SHM. The same mechanism also seems to be required for lymphomagenesis, since we observed that sustained BCL6 expression in human primary mature B-cells leads to aberrant survival properties and genomic instability. Moreover, BCL6 blockade using a specific inhibitor molecule designed by our lab induces apoptosis in lymphoma cells and synergizes with DNA damaging agents. Therefore, we have identified a critical mechanism of action of the BCL6 oncoprotein in normal and pathogenic states and show that specific targeting of BCL6 could synergize with chemotherapy drugs for the therapy of B-cell lymphomas.
Abstract 21224: Health Literacy in Outpatients with Heart Failure: Determinants and Association with Outcomes
Authors: Vasiliki V Georgiopoulou, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Kunal Bhatt, Jawad Kiani, Lucy Fike, Grigorios Giamouzis, Catherine R Norton, Mahdi R Chowdhury, Sonjoy R Laskar, Andrew L Smith, Sandra B Dunbar, Javed Butler
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Health literacy is central to patients' participation in their care and is important for control of chronic conditions like heart failure (HF). The Rapid Estimates of Adults Literacy ...
Long-Term Follow-Up of Patients with Hypertensive Disease Treated with Guanethidine
Authors: J A Lewis, D A Kavelman
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 179: Activation of the Longevity Factor, SIRT1 Deacetylase Blocks the Phenylephrine-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy
Authors: Senthilkumar B Rajamohan, Sadhana Samant, Madhu Gupta, Jyothish Pillai, Jai Raman, Valluvan Jeevanandam, Mahesh P Gupta
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Surgical and Locoregional Therapy of HCC: TACE
Authors: Masakatsu Tsurusaki, Takamichi Murakami
Journal: Liver Cancer (2015)

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is performed worldwide for patients with intermediate-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TACE has produced survival advantages in two randomized controlled trials and a meta-analysis, and is currently the mainstay of treatment for this stage of HCC. However, there are currently no global guidelines regarding the dose, choice or combination of cytotoxic agents for TACE; therefore, it is difficult to compare data from different TACE studies. In Japan, most of the TACE procedures have been based on iodized oil as conventional TACE, utilizing the microembolic and drug-carrying characteristic of iodized oil. Superselective TACE with lipiodol is the primary TACE procedure that has reported satisfactory levels of local control associated with a lower risk of complications. Conversely, TACE performed using drug-eluting beads has been widely used in western countries, and this has shown similar tumor response and median survival compared to conventional TACE. Moreover, the combination of TACE and molecular targeted agents is now ongoing to evaluate the synergistic effect. In this review, the indication, technical issues, and complications of TACE are reviewed.
In Vivo Validation of a Catheter-Based Near-Infrared Spectroscopy System for Detection of Lipid Core Coronary Plaques
Authors: Sergio Waxman, Simon R. Dixon, Philippe L'Allier, Jeffrey W. Moses, John L. Petersen, Donald Cutlip, Jean-Claude Tardif, Richard W. Nesto, James E. Muller, Michael J. Hendricks, Stephen T. Sum, Craig M. Gardner, James A. Goldstein, Gregg W. Stone, Mitchell W. Krucoff
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2009)
Abstract 20201: Fibro-Adipocyte Progenitors are a Cell Source of Adipocytes in Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Raffaella Lombardi, Suet N Chen, Alessandra Ruggiero, Grazyna Z Czernuszewicz, Priyatansh Gurha, Xiaofan Chen, James T Willerson, Ali J Marian
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC) is clinically characterized by arrhythmias, heart failure and sudden death and pathologically by replacement of cardiomyocytes by fibro-adipocytes. Mutations in desmosome genes are the main causes of AC. Desmosome proteins are known to be expressed only in cardiac myocytes. Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) expressing mutant desmosome proteins could differentiate to adipocytes. However, genetic fate-mapping identify CPCs as the source of a fraction of adipocytes in AC. We posit that cardiac cells other than CPCs express desmosome proteins and differentiate to adipocytes in AC. We systematically determined expression of the desmosome proteins in different cardiac cells. Cardiac fibro-adipocyte progenitors (FAPs), marked by expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α (PDGFRA), expressed mRNAs and proteins of major desmosome genes. FAPs isolated from the heart of Nkx2.5Cre:Dsp W/F mice, an established model of AC, showed enhanced adipogenesis associated with suppression of canonical Wnt signaling (reduced Ccnd1, Ctgf and cMyc mRNA levels by 10-, 5- and 3-fold, respectively, N=5, all p&lt;0.001). To determine whether FAPs are a source of adipocytes in AC, we generated lineage tracer mice, utilizing the Pdgfra-Cre deleter, and conditionally deleted one copy of desmoplakin ( Dsp ) while expressing enhanced yellow fluorescence protein (EYFP) in the FAPs. Recombination efficiency (% of PDGFRA+ cells expressing EYFP) was ~75%. Six to 12 months old lineage tracer mice ( Pdgfra-Cre:Dsp W/F ) showed mild cardiac dysfunction (fractional shortening: 57±9%, N=14 vs. 66±7%, N=10 in controls, p&lt; 0.005) and increased adipocytes in the heart (14±9, N=5 vs. 1±1, N=3 in controls, p=0.03). Co-expression of EYFP and C/EBPA adipogenic marker was detected in 54% of adipocytes in the lineage tracer mice, indicating an origin from FAPs. Dsp +/- FAPs showed enhanced differentiation to adipocytes as compared to control FAPs. The Hippo, canonical Wnt and NOTCH1 signaling pathways in mediating differentiation of Dsp +/- FAPs to adipocytes are being delineated. The findings show cardiac FAPs express desmosome proteins and when haplo-insufficient for Dsp differentiate to adipocytes. Thus, FAPs are a source of adipocytes in AC.
Abstract 11744: Notch Signaling Regulates Vascular Endothelial Cell Senescence via a p53-Dependent Pathway
Authors: Yohko Yoshida, Tohru Minamino, Kaoru Tateno, Sho Okada, Junji Moriya, Ippei Shimizu, Masataka Yokoyama, Takashi Ito, Aika Nojima, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Features of aged vasculature include an increase of inflammation and a decline of regenerative potential, which cause vascular dysfunction and atherosclerosis. Although these phenomena are known to...
TT Virus Is Present in a High Frequency of Italian Hemophilic Patients Transfused With Plasma-Derived Clotting Factor Concentrates
Authors: Benjamin P. Chen, Maria Grazia Rumi, Massimo Colombo, Yu-Huei Lin, Latha Ramaswamy, Jac Luna, Jen-Kuei Liu, Daniele Prati, Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract 12639: Acute Myocardial Infarction Symptom Experience of Mexican American Women: This is Not What I Know a Heart Attack to be
Authors: John R Bowles, Marylyn M McEwen, Anne G Rosenfeld, Lois J Loescher
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Mexican American (MA) women are a burgeoning population and are at increased risk for heart disease. However, there are no studies describing acute myocardial infarction (AMI) symptom...
Abstract 16749: Estimation of Stroke Volume and Aortic Valve Area in Patients With Aortic Stenosis: A Comparison of Doppler-Echocardiography and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Romain Capoulade, Florent Le Ven, Julio Garcia, Lionel Tastet, Abdellaziz Dahou, Jean G Dumesnil, Marie Arsenault, Elisabeth Bedard, Eric Larose, Philippe Pibarot
Journal: Circulation (2014)

BACKGROUND: In patients with aortic stenosis (AS), accurate measurement of LV stroke volume (SV) is essential for the calculation of aortic valve area (AVA), one of the main parameters used for the assessment of AS severity. Furthermore, a low flow state (i.e. SV index ≤ 35 ml/m2) has been shown to be a powerful predictor of adverse outcome in AS. Underestimation of SV may lead to the erroneous conclusion regarding AS severity and/or low-flow state. The objective of this study was to examine the agreement between SV determined by several Doppler-echocardiographic (DE) and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) methods.

METHODS: 111 patients with AS, prospectively recruited in the PROGRESSA study ([NCT01679431][1]), underwent DE and CMR. SV was estimated by DE from the product of LV outflow tract (LVOT) velocity-time integral and cross sectional area measured: i) at 5 to 10 mm below the aortic valve (=SVe1) as recommended in the ASE-EAE guidelines and ii) at the base of the aortic valve leaflets (SVe2). SV was determined by CMR using: i) phase contrast mapping acquired in the aorta at 10 mm above the aortic valve annulus (SVc1; reference method); ii) the volumetric method: difference between LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes (=SVc2). The AVA was calculated with each of these 4 SVs using the continuity equation method. Comparisons of SVs or AVAs were performed with paired t test and Bland Altman plot.

RESULTS: Compared to the SV measured by phase contrast CMR (referent; SVc1: 82±18 ml), SVe2 showed good agreement (81±14 ml; p=0.33; bias=-1.6±17.8 ml), SVc2 was higher (98±21 ml; p<0.0001; bias=+15.5±12.6 ml) and SVe1 was lower (69 ±13 ml; p<0.0001; bias=-13.2±16.7 ml). Similar results were obtained for AVAs: compared to AVAc1 (1.24±0.37 cm2), AVAe2 was similar (1.21±0.31 cm2; p=0.23; bias=-0.03±0.28 cm2), whereas AVAc2 was higher (1.48±0.44; p<0.0001; bias=+0.23±0.20 cm2), and AVAe1 was lower (1.05 ±0.29; p<0.0001; bias=-0.20±0.26 cm2).

CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the DE method providing the most accurate measure of SV and thus of AVA is the one using the LVOT diameter measured at the base of the aortic valve leaflets. On the other hand, the method proposed in the 2009 ASE-EAE guidelines underestimates the SV and AVA, whereas, CMR volumetric method overestimates SV.

 [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT01679431&atom=%2Fcirculationaha%2F130%2FSuppl_2%2FA16749.atom
Abstract 4776: Prophylactic Intravenous Magnesium Sulphate in Addition to Oral Beta Blockade does not Prevent Atrial Arrhythmias after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Richard C Cook, Karin H Humphries, Ken Gin, Michael T Janusz, Victoria Bernstein, Mats Tholin, Richard Slavick, David Ansley, May K Lee
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background Atrial arrhythmias (AA) affect up to 40% of patients following cardiac surgery. The best strategy for prevention of AA remains undetermined, however, beta blocker (BB) administration is the standard of care at many centers (including ours). Although there is now compelling evidence demonstrating the utility of magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) for treatment of AA, the effectiveness of MgSO4 for prophylaxis of AA remains controversial. This study is the largest randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous (IV) MgSO4 for the prevention of AA following cardiac surgery. Methods Eligible patients requiring either coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), or valve surgery ± CABG, were randomized to receive either 5g IV MgSO4, or placebo upon removal of the crossclamp, followed by daily infusions of IV MgSO4 or placebo over 4 hours, from the day of surgery until post-operative day 4. All patients were treated according to an established protocol with oral BB (atenolol). Patients were monitored by continuous telemetry for the first 5 post-operative days. The primary endpoint was an AA lasting ≥ 30 minutes, or requiring treatment because of hemodynamic compromise. Results Table 1 summarizes the results. There was no difference in the incidence of AA between patients who received IV MgSO4 or those who received placebo. Conclusions In patients proactively treated with atenolol using an established protocol, the addition of daily IV MgSO4 infusions for 5 days post-operatively did not reduce the incidence of clinically important AA following cardiac surgery. Results For Primary Outcome (Post-Operative AA)
Differential expression of genes in tumor cells growing in the peripheral and central zones of pancreatic cancer
Authors: Toru Nakamura, Cheryl H. Baker, Corazon D. Bucana, Mini Kapoor, Kevin R. Coombes, Isaiah J. Fidler
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

825 

Gene expression analysis using cDNA microarray can be a useful tool to predict the potential progression of Neoplasms. Since all tumors are biologically heterogeneous, we wished to determine whether gene expression will differ between cells growing in the central zone and cells growing in the peripheral zone of tumors. Cells in non-necrotic central area and periphery of human pancreatic cancer growing in the pancreas of nude mice were isolated by Laser Capture Microdissection. Total RNA was extracted and gene expression profiles were compared using Affymetrix HG-U133-Plus-2.0 array, which containing 54,674 probe sets. Comparison of gene expression pattern in central zone tumor cells and peripheral zone tumor cells identified statistical difference in 86 genes, of which 58 were up-regulated in the peripheral and 28 were up-regulated in the central zone of the pancreatic tumors. Among the genes up-regulated in the peripheral zone were genes functionally characterized by protease activity, changes in cell morphology, invasiveness, tumor cell-stroma interaction, proliferation and metastasis. Examples are: protease serine 23, fibronectin 1, Integrin beta6, galectin 1, collagen type III alpha1, and chemokine C-X-CR4. The up-regulation of genes expressed in tumor cells residing in the central zone or peripheral zone were confirmed by in situ hybridization analysis. These data demonstrate that different areas within a Neoplasms from which clinical samples are collected for studies of gene expression present different profile i.e. individual Neoplasms can present a heterogenous profile of gene expression. Whether the differential expression between cells growing in the peripheral zone versus central zone is now under active investigation.