tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Corrigendum to “Ferroportin disease: A systematic meta-analysis of clinical and molecular findings” J. Hepatol. 2010 Nov;53(5):941–949
Authors: Roman Mayr, Andreas R Janecke, Melanie Schranz, William J H Griffiths, Wolfgang Vogel, Antonello Pietrangelo, Heinz Zoller
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

Ferroportin disease: A systematic meta-analysis of clinical and molecular findingsJournal of HepatologyVol. 53Issue 5PreviewClassical ferroportin disease is characterized by hyperferritinemia, normal transferrin saturation, and iron overload in macrophages. A non-classical form is characterized by additional hepatocellular iron deposits and a high transferrin saturation. Both forms demonstrate autosomal dominant transmission and are associated with ferroportin gene (SLC40A1) mutations. SLC40A1 encodes a cellular iron exporter expressed in macrophages, enterocytes, and hepatocytes. The aim of the analysis is to determine the penetrance of SLC40A1 mutations and to evaluate in silico tools to predict the functional impairment of ferroportin mutations as an alternative to in vitro studies. Full-Text PDF Open Access In the above named article there were three errors:1.In the section on “How to differentiate between SLC40A1 mutations and polymorphisms”, a reference was left out of the following paragraph. The paragraph and reference are now listed below.Ferroportin disease is genetically heterogeneous with 36 different SLC40A1 mutations reported [8–10,12,26–29,38–41,45–68,78] as summarized in Table 3. In addition, nine ferroportin gene polymorphisms were reported, three of which were associated with increased serum ferritin in various populations (Table 4) [29,34]. The allele frequencies of 29 disease-associated ferroportin mutations had been determined in matched populations and was found to be <1:100. It remains unclear whether L233V and D270P, each of which have been identified in single patients with iron overload, are disease-causing mutations or represent benign sequence variants [43,65].Table 3Molecular genetics of SLC40A1 mutations. The frequency of mutations highlighted with ∗ in the control population can be inferred from studies, in which control populations have been screened for the presence of another mutation, which affect the same residue. Open table in a new tab Table 4SLC40A1 non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms. SNPs, which have been associated with high serum iron parameters, are highlighted in bold and italics. Open table in a new tab [78] Wallace DF, Clark RM, Harley HA, Subramaniam VN. Autosomal dominant iron overload due to a novel mutation of ferroportin1 associated with parenchymal iron loading and cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2004;40:710–3.2.In Table 3, Table 4 there were some errors. The tables are now reproduced correctly on the following pages. The authors apologise for these errors.
Clinical Applications of Radioactive Isotopes
Authors: John D. Reeves
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

PERHAPS no single modality in recent time has so captured the imagination of both scientists and laymen as has the radioactive isotope. Fascinating indeed are the new glimpses of natural processes and numberless new vistas opened into all aspects of research and clinical investigation. Radioactive isotopes used as tracers provide a technic whereby almost any substance may be tagged and followed through intricate chemical, physiologic or metabolic processes. Artificial radioactivity has given the radiotherapist the cobalt "bomb," the "atomic cocktail," the gold-grain gun and many less glamorous weapons that have made his task less unwieldy and have given him additional . . .
Serum pyridoxal in active peptic ulceration.
Authors: C R Sanderson, R E Davis
Journal: Gut (1975)

Fasting serum pyridoxal was assayed by an automated microbiological system in 50 patients with endoscopically confirmed active peptic ulceration. Thirty patients had gastric ulceration, 14 had duodenal, four had pyloric canal ulceration, and two had both a gastric and a duodenal ulcer. Serum pyridoxal was below normal in 28 of the gastric ulcer group and in one of the duodenal ulcer group. No difference in the age, sex, drug, alcohol intake, or diet could be distinguished between those two groups.
Bone Scintigraphy in Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia Resembling Multiple Bone Metastases
Authors: RUTH HARDOFF, DORIT EISENBERG, BELLA GROSS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Bone scintigraphy in polyostotic fibrous dysplasia typically demonstrates large areas of diffusely, often unilaterally, Increased activity Involving mainly long bones, ribs, and skull. It serves to demonstrate the multifocality of the disease, especially when only a mono-ostotic lesion is clinically suspected. The authors present the case of a patient who was suspected of suffering from metastatic bone disease after bone scintigraphy demonstrated multiple, discrete, focal increased areas of activity. A bone biopsy from a rib lesion disclosed fibrous dysplasia, and an extensive search for malignancy ruled out metastatic disease. The authors suggest that polyostotic fibrous dysplasia can imitate metastatic bone disease and that this pattern, although uncommon, should be recognized.
Effects of intranasal corticosteroid on nasal adenosine monophosphate challenge in persistent allergic rhinitis*
Authors: M. L. Barnes, B. T. Biallosterski, S. Fujihara, R. D. Gray, T. C. Fardon, B. J. Lipworth
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Response to a single dose nasal adenosine monophosphate challenge has been used as a surrogate inflammatory marker for allergic rhinitis. Attenuation of response following intranasal corticosteroid would further validate the challenge.To assess the effect of 4 weeks of 200 mcg once daily mometasone furoate nasal spray on a simplified (single 160 mg dose) nasal adenosine monophosphate challenge.Twenty participants with persistent allergic rhinitis completed a double blind placebo-controlled crossover study. Outcome measures were the peak nasal inspiratory flow and total nasal symptoms score responses to nasal adenosine monophosphate challenge, as well as domiciliary peak nasal inspiratory flow and patient symptom diary cards.Mometasone significantly (P < 0.05) attenuated response time profiles vs. placebo for peak nasal inspiratory flow but not total nasal symptom scores. For the maximum percentage fall this amounted to a mean difference of 9.6% (95% confidence interval 1.3-17.9%). The coefficient of variation for repeatability was 48.7%. Improvements were seen in prechallenge and domiciliary measurements of peak nasal inspiratory flow (both P < 0.05) and total nasal symptom scores (both P < 0.01).Mometasone attenuates the peak nasal inspiratory flow response to a single 160 mg nasal adenosine monophosphate challenge. Such challenges have been shown to be sensitive to the effects of antihistamines, antileukotrienes and now nasal steroids. This further supports their application as surrogate inflammatory markers for therapeutic trials in allergic rhinitis, potentially as 20 min challenges which can be conducted in a non-hospital setting.
Tumor-Induced Osteomalacia
Authors: Mitchell S. Parker, Irwin Klein, Mark R. Haussler, Daniel H. Mintz
Journal: JAMA (1981)

A 15-year-old boy was treated for nonfamilial hypophosphatemic rickets. Treatment with ergocalciferol, 100,000 units/day, and phosphorus, 2 to 4 g/day, failed to alleviate the rickets. Levels of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were low while levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D were elevated. After removal of a benign fibroma, the level of 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D increased, the serum phosphorus level became normal, and the osteomalacia was cured. The alteration of vitamin D metabolism and associated hypophosphatemia in oncogenic osteomalacia is a potentially reversible cause of bone disease mediated by the tumor. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;245:492-493)
The mechanisms of fibroblast-mediated compaction of collagen gels and the mechanical niche around individual fibroblasts
Authors: Zhonggang Feng, Yusuke Wagatsuma, Masato Kikuchi, Tadashi Kosawada, Takao Nakamura, Daisuke Sato, Nobuyuki Shirasawa, Tatsuo Kitajima, Mitsuo Umezu
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Enhanced levels of hyaluronan in lungs of patients with COPD: relationship with lung function and local inflammation
Authors: M A Dentener
Journal: Thorax (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Chronic inflammation and airway remodelling are characteristics of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Hyaluronan (HA) is an extracellular matrix compound with proinflammatory activity. HA levels in induced sputum from patients with COPD were measured and related to local inflammation. The expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 (HAS2) and hyaluronidase 2 (HYAL2) was analysed in lung tissue. <b>Methods:</b> Sputum was obtained from 18 patients with COPD (forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV<sub>1</sub>) 62% predicted (range 20–76)) and 14 healthy smokers. HA and inflammatory markers were measured using ELISA assays. Lung sections were obtained from five patients with severe COPD (FEV<sub>1</sub> &lt;30%) and from five smokers, and mRNA levels of HAS2 and HYAL2 were analysed by polymerase chain reaction. <b>Results:</b> HA levels were significantly higher in the sputum from patients with COPD than controls. The COPD population appeared to consist of two subpopulations with either high or moderate HA levels. The subgroup of patients with high HA levels had lower FEV<sub>1</sub> than the moderate HA group. In addition, neutrophil influx and levels of interleukin-8, and the soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors R55 and R75 were significantly higher in patients with high HA levels than in those with moderate HA levels and controls. Semiquantitative analysis revealed enhanced expression of HYAL2 in lung tissue of patients with severe COPD compared with control subjects. <b>Conclusion:</b> These data indicate a relationship between HA levels, local inflammation and severity of disease, and suggest enhanced breakdown of HA in the lungs of patients with COPD.
Doctors are more miserable than ever, says report
Authors: L. Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Doctors in Britain are becoming increasingly isolated and dissatisfied with their careers, says a report this week funded by the Department of Health. “The disillusionment and disenchantment with medicine disclosed in this report among young doctors of both sexes gives serious cause for concern,” it says (see also editorial on p 1524). Two thirds of women doctors and over half the men said that they had regretted studying medicine.

The independent Policy Studies Institute interviewed over 200 doctors five years after they qualified in 1986 about their career experiences. The sample was stratified by sex and medical school, and the response rate was over 80%. The research follows on from a previous study published in 1988, which looked at the careers of 640 doctors who qualified in 1966, 1976, and 1981.

One of this study's main findings is that the career progress of women in the 1986 cohort had already fallen behind that of the men. They were doing less well than women who had qualified five years …
Mild and Moderate Asthma Is Associated with Airway Goblet Cell Hyperplasia and Abnormalities in Mucin Gene Expression
Authors: CLAUDIA L. ORDOÑEZ, RAMIN KHASHAYAR, HOFER H. WONG, RON FERRANDO, REEN WU, DALLAS M. HYDE, JON A. HOTCHKISS, YIFAN ZHANG, ALEXANDER NOVIKOV, GREGORY DOLGANOV, JOHN V. FAHY
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Excessive airway mucus is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in asthma, but the relationship between accumulation of mucus and goblet cell size, number, and function is incompletely understood. To address these questions, stored mucin in the epithelium and goblet cell size and number were measured morphometrically, and mucin gene expression was measured by polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry in endobronchial biopsies from 13 subjects with mild and moderate asthma and from 12 healthy control subjects. Secreted mucin was measured in induced sputum. We found that stored mucin in the airway epithelium was three times higher than normal in the subjects with asthma (p < 0.005). Goblet cell size was similar in both groups, but goblet cell number was significantly higher in the subjects with asthma (93,043 ± 15,824 versus 41,959 ± 9,230/mm3, p < 0.05). In mild asthma (FEV1 ⩾ 80% pred, n = 7), the level of stored mucin was as high as in moderate asthma (FEV1 < 80% pred, n = 6), but the level of secreted mucin was significantly lower (28.4 ± 6.3 versus 73.5 ± 47.5 μ g/ml, p < 0.05). Secreted mucin was inversely correlated with stored mucin for the whole asthma group (rs = − 0.78, p = 0.007). MUC5AC was the predominant mucin gene expressed in healthy subjects and subjects with asthma, and MUC5AC protein was increased in the subjects with asthma. We conclude that even mild asthma is associated with goblet cell hyperplasia and increased stored mucin in the airway epithelium, whereas moderate asthma is associated with increased stored mucin and secreted mucin. These findings suggest that acute degranulation of hyperplastic goblet cells may represent a mechanism for asthma exacerbations in mild and moderate asthma and that chronic degranulation of goblet cells may contribute to chronic airway narrowing in moderate asthma.
The Effects of Thiazides Plus Calcium Channel Blockers-Reply
Authors: Matthew R. Weir
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comments of Cappuccio et al. The measurement of blood pressure at 12 ± 2 hours after receiving a dose was not an SD but a commonly used protocol requirement that all blood pressure measurements be made within 12 ± 2 hours after dosing, and, in fact, 100% of the patients had these measurements at 10 to 14 hours after taking a dose, just before the next dose. Because these measurements were obtained at trough, the data demonstrate that the antihypertensive activity of the diltiazem sustained-release and hydrochlorothiazide formulations lasts for at least 12 hours. The diltiazem sustained-release preparation used in our study is the standard commercial preparation marketed in the United States (Cardizem SR, Marion Laboratories Inc, Kansas City, Mo). This product has been shown to have a consistent blood pressure—lowering effect throughout the dosing interval, with a duration of
Transforming growth factor 1 and extracellular matrix gene expression in isoprenaline induced cardiac hypertrophy: effects of inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system
Authors: T. Omura, S. Kim, K. Takeuchi, H. Iwao, T. Takeda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

The aim was to investigate changes in cardiac transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1), fibronectin, and collagen types I and III mRNA levels in isoprenaline induced cardiac hypertrophy, and the effects of delapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, and TCV-116, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist, on this hypertrophy.Rats were continuously infused with saline and low or high dose of isoprenaline (0.5 or 3 mg.kg-1.d-1) by an osmotic minipump for 24 h, 48 h or 7 d. Treatment with delapril (100 mg.kg-1.d-1) or TCV-116 (10 mg.kg-1.d-1) was started from 1 d before the implantation of minipump to the end of experiments. After the experimental periods, left ventricular weight was measured and the mRNA was extracted and measured by northern blot hybridisation.Both low and high doses of isoprenaline infusion resulted in increased left ventricular weight. With low dose infusion, cardiac TGF-beta 1 mRNA was not stimulated throughout the infusion, while fibronectin mRNA and collagen types I and III mRNAs began to increase at 24 h and 48 h, respectively, after the infusion. In high dose isoprenaline infusion, not only was extracellular matrix mRNA but also TGF-beta 1 mRNA in the ventricle significantly increased. TCV-116 prevented isoprenaline induced left ventricular hypertrophy as much as delapril. However, with delapril or TCV-116, the time course of TGF-beta 1 and ECM mRNA expression was almost similar to isoprenaline infusion only.The extracellular matrix mRNA expressions are enhanced in myocardial hypertrophy by a low dose of isoprenaline, which is probably not mediated by TGF-beta 1. The preventive effects of TCV-116 on this hypertrophy indicate that the inhibitory effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on cardiac hypertrophy are due to the inhibition of angiotensin II and that angiotensin II type I receptor plays an important role in isoprenaline induced left ventricular hypertrophy. However, the renin-angiotensin system may play a minor role in isoprenaline induced cardiac fibrosis.
Predicting behavioral treatment outcome for agoraphobia and obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Gail Steketee, Leslie J. Shapiro
Journal: Clinical Psychology Review (1995)

This paper reviews findings of retrospective studies of factors predictive of behavior therapy outcome immediately after treatment or at follow-up for panic disorder with and without agoraphobia and obsessive compulsive disorder. Despite disagreement on some variables, most predictor variables (most demographic variables, severity of symptoms, depression, general anxiety, assertiveness, expectancy and motivation, and treatment context) were not consistently associated with outcome. Severe avoidance behavior and avoidant personality disorder were problematic for agoraphobic clients. Findings for depressed mood were contradictory, and comorbid major depression and other Axis I and II conditions are understudied. Research on marital quality for PDA is also conflicting. Spouse or family involvement in therapy appears more advantageous for PDA than OCD clients. For OCD, insight into the rationality of obsessions has not proven predictive. Therapist qualities associated with outcome varied somewhat with the disorder. Possible reasons for discrepant findings are discussed and implications for treatment regimens and additional research are proposed.
Spirometry Centile Charts for Young Caucasian Children: The Asthma UK Collaborative Initiative
Authors: S. Stanojevic, A. Wade, T. J. Cole, S. Lum, A. Custovic, M. Silverman, G. L. Hall, L. Welsh, J. Kirkby, W. Nystad, M. Badier, S. Davis, S. Turner, P. Piccioni, D. Vilozni, H. Eigen, H. Vlachos-Mayer, J. Zheng, W. Tomalak, M. Jones, J. L. Hankinson, J. Stocks
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Advances in spirometry measurement techniques have made it possible to obtain measurements in children as young as 3 years of age; however, in practice, application remains limited by the lack of appropriate reference data for young children, which are often based on limited population-specific samples.We aimed to build on previous models by collating existing reference data in young children (aged 3-7 yr), to produce updated prediction equations that span the preschool years and that are also linked to established reference equations for older children and adults.The Asthma UK Collaborative Initiative was established to collate lung function data from healthy young children aged 3 to 7 years. Collaborators included researchers with access to pulmonary function test data in healthy preschool children. Spirometry centiles were created using the LMS (lambda, micro, sigma) method and extend previously published equations down to 3 years of age.The Asthma UK centile charts for spirometry are based on the largest sample of healthy young Caucasian children aged 3-7 years (n = 3,777) from 15 centers across 11 countries and provide a continuous reference with a smooth transition into adolescence and adulthood. These equations improve existing pediatric equations by considering the between-subject variability to define a more appropriate age-dependent lower limit of normal. The collated data set reflects a variety of equipment, measurement protocols, and population characteristics and may be generalizable across different populations.We present prediction equations for spirometry for preschool children and provide a foundation that will facilitate continued updating.
COMBINED SURGICAL AND CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC TREATMENT OF FORTNER'S AMELANOTIC HAMSTER MELANOMA AMEL 3
Authors: E. HANEKE, W. WOHLRAB, J. PEKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Summary.— Golden hamsters were injected subcutaneously with melanoma cells and treated with vincaleucoblastine (VLB) after growth of the tumour. The prolongation of survival time after surgical removal of the tumour was compared with that of a non‐operated, VLB‐treated control group. The survival time of the operated hamsters was significantly prolonged. Although they did not show signs of tumour recurrence, 3 operated animals died from the VLB treatment. Comparing the results of both chemotherapy and combined chemotherapeutic and surgical treatment with those of experiments without cytostatic therapy, the markedly unfavourable effect of VLB on hamsters with melanomata is apparent. We suppose the immunosuppressive side‐effect of VLB to be responsible for this negative result.
A NATURAL ANTIBODY THAT REACTS IN VITRO WITH A SEDIMENTABLE CONSTITUENT OF NORMAL TISSUE CELLS
Authors: John G. Kidd, William F. Friedewald
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

Continued serological investigations of the sedimentable constituents of normal and neoplastic tissues have shown that the blood serum of normal rabbits will fix complement in mixture with saline extracts of normal rabbit tissues. The phenomenon has proved referable, not to anticomplementary effects of serum or antigen nor to so called non-specific complement fixation, but to a naturally occurring serum principle, hitherto unrecognized, which reacts specifically in vitro with a sedimentable constituent of normal tissue cells. The principle exists in the blood of nearly all adult rabbits but is absent from that of rabbits less than 1 month old. It can be salted out from serum with ammonium sulfate and is destroyed when heated at 65 degrees C. for 20 to 30 minutes. Its titer was found to run parallel in general with that of two natural antibodies also present in normal rabbit's blood (natural Wassermann reagin, natural anti-sheep hemolysin); but absorption tests showed it to be distinct from these. Because of its properties, the serum principle has been termed the natural tissue antibody. The substance with which the natural tissue antibody reacts is regularly present in saline extracts of many normal tissues,-those of rabbits and of other species as well. Kidney and liver tissues always yield it in abundance, while spleen, brain, and testicle provide somewhat less; heart and voluntary muscle extracts contain relatively little, and non-nucleated erythrocytes and skin are practically devoid of it. The results of affinity and absorption tests indicate that it is nearly or quite the same from whatever tissue or species derived. It is readily sedimentable in the high-speed centrifuge, little or none remaining in the supernatant liquid of potent suspensions spun at 25,000 R.P.M. (45,400 g) for 1 hour. It either does not come away into alcohol or is inactivated thereby, is readily destroyed by heat (56-70 degrees C. for 30 minutes), and diminishes notably in antigenic potency upon standing overnight in saline suspension or when the tissues containing it are kept in glycerol. Its properties suggest that it may be a protein. The implications of the findings are discussed in relation to the formation of the natural antibody and its place amongst serological phenomena, to so called "non-specific" fixation of complement and other serological complexities, and with particular reference to the character of the sedimentable constituents of normal and neoplastic tissue cells.