tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 6053: Long-Term Outcome of Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty in Chronic Hemodialysis Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Toru Aoyama, Hideki Ishii, Miho Tanaka, Hiroshi Takahashi, Yoshihiro Kawamura, Yoshitaka Kumada, Takanobu Toriyama, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients are at an increased risk for peripheral artery disease (PAD). Although percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) has become a widely used therapeutic intervention for PAD, its outcome in HD patients remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to clarify the long-term outcome after PTA in HD patients with PAD. Consecutive 241 HD patients with 418 lesions and 152 non-HD patients with 201 lesions who underwent successful PTA as a first-choice therapeutic option for PAD were enrolled. They were followed for 8 years. Outcome measures included target lesion revascularization (TLR), major amputation, and all-cause mortality. Mean age was younger and prevalence of coronary artery disease and femoropopliteal lesion were significantly more frequent in HD patients (66±10years vs. 71±10years, p=0.0001, 52% vs. 41%, p=0.035 and 71% vs. 52%, p=0.0002, respectively). Prevalence of critical limb ischemia and TASC C+D lesion types were comparable in both groups (45% vs. 34% and 37% vs. 38%, respectively). During 46±38months, the 8-year freedom from TLR (64% vs. 76%, p=0.0057) limb salvage (82% vs. 97%, p=0.0001) and survival rates (52% vs. 87%, p&lt;0.0001) were significantly lower in HD patients, respectively. On Cox multivariate analysis, HD status was strongly predictive of major amputation (HR 4.69, 95%CI 1.34 –16.39, p=0.015) and all-cause death (HR 5.13, 95%CI 2.14 –12.35, p=0.0002) but not of TLR (HR 1.54, 95%CI 0.85–2.78, p=0.15). In HD patients, ulceration/gangrene were independent predictors for all outcome (HR 2.50, 95%CI 1.22–5.09, p=0.0003 for TLR, HR 6.71, 95%CI 2.78 –16.13, p&lt;0.0001 for amputation, and HR 1.95, 95%CI 1.11– 4.20, p=0.017 for all-cause death, respectively). Additional stenting was an independent predictor to reduce TLR in HD patients (HR 0.51, 95%CI 0.28 – 0.94, p=0.031). The long-term outcome after PTA was still poorer in HD patients compared with non-HD patients, but it might be acceptable in HD patients. Ulceration/gangrene was deeply associated with any outcome, thus, the detection at the earlier stage of PAD is important in this population who are at the highest risk for arteriosclerosis. Additional stenting was useful to reduce TLR.
NEUROTOXIC REACTION TO CHLOROMYCETIN
Authors: L WALLENSTEIN, J SNYDER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Case Reports1 June 1952NEUROTOXIC REACTION TO CHLOROMYCETINLEONARD WALLENSTEIN, M.D., JEROME SNYDER, M.D.LEONARD WALLENSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JEROME SNYDER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-36-6-1526 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the few years since the isolation and synthesis of Chloromycetin, a profusion of reports has attested its value and wide chemotherapeutic range. It has also been attractive because of its non-toxic character and because it is equally satisfactory by oral and parenteral route.Toxicity studies in animals and man have shown Chloromycetin to be practically free of both acute and chronic toxicity at levels well within the therapeutic range, even after administration over a long period. A single report1of three cases (two typhoid and one acute brucellosis) treated with the drug records a significant fall in the number...Bibliography1. Volini IF: Hemopoietic changes during administration of Chloramphenicol, J. A. M. A. 142: 1333, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland*Received for publication November 19, 1951. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byScientific Opinion on Chloramphenicol in food and feedIatrogenic neurologyCHLORAMPHENICOLSystematic Reviews of Animal Experiments Demonstrate Poor Human Clinical and Toxicological UtilityClindamycin, Metronidazole, and ChloramphenicolThe Neurotoxicity of Antibacterial AgentsSHARON R. SNAVELY, M.D., GLENN R. HODGES, M.D.Chloramphenicol-Induced Acute Bilateral Optic Neuritis in Cystic FibrosisNeurotoxicity with Chloramphenicol—An Electron Microscopic StudyDrug Induced Retinopathy�ber die Furacin-Retinopathie beim KaninchenRetinopathy Due to ChloramphenicolSeptic arthritis due toPseudomonas pseudomalleiParalysis, Incoordination and Involuntary MovementsAdrenal cortical carcinomaOptic neuritis with prolonged use of chloramphenicolVisual disturbances in cystic fibrosis following chloramphenicol administrationThe Effects of Drugs upon the EyeOPTIC ATROPHY INDUCED BY CHLORAMPHENICOLRetinopathy of Obscure (Toxic?) Origin in Hodgkin's Disease*Clinical and therapeutic observations in adrenal cancer: A report on 7 patients treated with o,p'-dddToxic Amblyopia Due to ChloramphenicolBLINDNESS DURING STREPTOMYCIN AND CHLORAMPHENICOL THERAPYChronic systemic melioidosisA Toxic Ocular Manifestation of Chloramphenicol TherapyAntibiotikaUntoward Reactions to Antibiotics 1 June 1952Volume 36, Issue 6Page: 1526-1528KeywordsBrucellosisDrugsFallsToxicityTyphoid Issue Published: 1 June 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Yeni Histolojik ve Evreleme Tanımlamasına Göre Bronşiyoloalveoler Karsinomun Klinik Özellikleri
Authors: Jon O. Ebbert, Laveena Chhatwani, Marie Christine Aubry, Jason Wampfler, Bs, Shawn Stoddard, Fang Zhang, Guibin Qiao, Mariza de Andrade, Ping Yang
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Fetal Hemoglobin and F-Cell Responses to Long-Term Hydroxyurea Treatment in Young Sickle Cell Patients
Authors: Micheline Maier-Redelsperger, Mariane de Montalembert, Antoine Flahault, Maria Grazia Neonato, Rolande Ducrocq, Marie-Pierre Masson, Robert Girot, Jacques Elion, the French Study Group on Sickle Cell Disease
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 80: Mild Hypothermia Induced Rapidly in Human Sized Animals
Authors: William Ohley, Cathy Klock-Frezot, Robert Schock, Marc Cote, Lorraine Schofield, David Serra, Robert Freedman
Journal: Circulation (2006)

There are numerous current reports consistent with application of mild hypothermia (32–34° C) following resuscitation from cardiac arrest. However the time course of this application in humans has ...
BCL-6 gene product, a 92- to 98-kD nuclear phosphoprotein, is highly expressed in germinal center B cells and their neoplastic counterparts
Authors: T Onizuka, M Moriyama, T Yamochi, T Kuroda, A Kazama, N Kanazawa, K Sato, T Kato, H Ota, S Mori
Journal: Blood (1995)
ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK FOLLOWING INTRAMUSCULAR THIAMINE CHLORIDE
Authors: A F TETREAULT, I A BECK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1956)

Case Reports1 July 1956ANAPHYLACTIC SHOCK FOLLOWING INTRAMUSCULAR THIAMINE CHLORIDEALBERT F. TETREAULT, M.D., IRVING A. BECK, M.D., F.A.C.P.ALBERT F. TETREAULT, M.D., IRVING A. BECK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-45-1-134 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn view of the paucity of reported reactions to parenteral thiamine chloride in the literature, it was felt that this case might renew an active interest in this phenomenon. It is, furthermore, the only case of severe reaction following the intramuscular injection of thiamine chloride recorded at the Rhode Island Hospital over the last 10 years.CASE REPORTThis was the third Rhode Island Hospital admission of a 62 year old italian truck driver, who was admitted on August 6, 1954, to the Neurological Service with the chief complaint of numbness and weakness of the left arm and hand of...Bibliography1. AlexanderLandwehr BG: Studies of thiamine metabolism in man. 1. Thiamine balance. The normal requirement of vitamin B1 and the role of fecal thiamine in human nutrition, J. Clin. Investigation 25: 287, 1946. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. Clark GW: Vitamin content of liver extracts for parenteral use (a comparison of crude and concentrated preparations), Am. J. M. Sc. 209: 520, 1945. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. JarosWnuckde Beer SHALEJ: Thiamine intolerance, Ann. Allergy 10: 291 (May-June) 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. ReingoldWebb IMFR: Sudden death following intravenous injection of thiamine hydrochloride, J. A. M. A. 130: 491, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. Williams RR: The chemistry of thiamine (vitamin B1), J. A. M. A. 110: 727, 1938. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Providence, Rhode Island*Received for publication April 23, 1955.From the Medical and Neurological Services of the Rhode Island Hospital.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Irving A. Beck, M.D., 355 Thayer Street, Providence, Rhode Island. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGutachten: Mögliche Nebenwirkungen von Vitamin B1, B6 und B12 in einem vorgegebenen DosierungsbereichWernicke's EncephalopathyVitaminsVitamin Excess and ToxicityVitamines3 Todesf�lle durch Intoxikation (Invertseife) oder durch anaphylaktischen Schock (Ro\kastanienextrakt)?THERAPEUTIC USE OF VITAMIN B1 IN DISEASES OTHER THAN BERIBERI 1 July 1956Volume 45, Issue 1Page: 134-138KeywordsAttentionBeerCathetersChloridesIntramuscular injectionsNorepinephrineOverweightShockThiamineThrombosis Issue Published: 1 July 1956 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 116: Evaluating the Safety of Hands-on Defibrillation: Electrical Breakdown Voltages of Medical Examination Gloves
Authors: Joseph L Sullivan, Robert G Walker, Fred W Chapman
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Hands-on defibrillation has been proposed as a strategy to reduce pauses in chest compressions during CPR. Common biphasic defibrillators utilize voltages of about 1400–1800V for first ...
Pragmatic approach to the clinical work-up of patients with putative allergic disease to metallic orthopaedic implants before and after surgery
Authors: J.P. Thyssen, T. Menné, P.C. Schalock, J.S. Taylor, H.I. Maibach
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Pragmatic approach to the clinical work‐up of patients with putative allergic disease to metallic orthopaedic implants before and after surgery Get access J.P. Thyssen, J.P. Thyssen Department of Dermato‐Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark Jacob Pontoppidan Thyssen. E‐mail: jacpth01@geh.regionh.dk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Menné, T. Menné Department of Dermato‐Allergology, National Allergy Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Gentofte, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C. Schalock, P.C. Schalock Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.S. Taylor, J.S. Taylor Department of Dermatology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.I. Maibach H.I. Maibach Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 3, 1 March 2011, Pages 473–478, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10144.x Published: 01 March 2011
Acute heart failure in elderly patients: worse outcomes and differential utility of standard prognostic variables. Insights from the <scp>PROTECT</scp> trial
Authors: Marco Metra, Robert J. Mentz, Karen Chiswell, Daniel M. Bloomfield, John G.F. Cleland, Gad Cotter, Beth A. Davison, Howard C. Dittrich, Mona Fiuzat, Michael M. Givertz, Valentina Lazzarini, George A. Mansoor, Barry M. Massie, Piotr Ponikowski, John R. Teerlink, Adriaan A. Voors, Christopher M. O'Connor
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Abstract 4408: Her2 C terminal PDZ binding domain interacting with DLG1 is required for radioresistance through induction of EMT and loss of epithelial polarity
Authors: Dong Lin, Xiaodi Zhang, Angela Eldridge, Ming Fan, Cheikh Menaa, Jianjian Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The tyrosine kinase receptor HER2 (ErbB2/neu) is predominantly localized to the basolateral membrane of the epithelium and has been implicated in mammary tumorigenesis as well as in resistance to chemotherapy and radiation. Here we demonstrate that HER2 interacts with discs large 1 (DLG1) that is one of PDZ domain proteins expressed at the basolateral membrane of human breast epithelial cells and plays an important role in the establishment and maintenance of epithelial polarity in Drosophila. However, either loss of the last 6 C-terminal amino acids (HER2-Δ1250-1255) or a valine-to-alanine C-terminal substitution (HER2-V1255A) in HER2, abrogates the interaction with DLG1. In contrast, either PDZ domain 1 or 3 within Dlg1 is required for interaction with HER2. Moreover, HER2-Δ1250-1255- or HER2-V1255A-expressing MCF10A human breast epithelial cells show the reduction of mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (EMT) proteins including vimentin and Snail. In addition, HER2-wt cells promotes EMT as shown by down-regulation of E-cadherin and upregulation of vimentin and Snail. Taken together, these results indicate that C-terminal PDZ binding domain in HER2 modulates biological functions of HER2. These results reveal new insight into the structure and function of HER2, which may guide the design and development of new anti-cancer targets to treat HER2-positive breast cancer. Citation Format: Dong Lin, Xiaodi Zhang, Angela Eldridge, Ming Fan, Cheikh Menaa, Jianjian Li. Her2 C terminal PDZ binding domain interacting with DLG1 is required for radioresistance through induction of EMT and loss of epithelial polarity. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4408. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4408
Abstract 13314: Comparative Meta-Analysis of Balloon-Expandable and Self-Expandable Valves for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Shikhar Agarwal, Akhil Parashar, Lars G Svensson, Amar Krishnaswamy, E M Tuzcu, Samir R Kapadia
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Balloon-expandable valves (BEV) and self-expandable valves (SEV) are two major types of valves used for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Despite similar efficacy, recent reports have suggested important differences between the two valve types. We conducted a meta-analysis of available studies to compare the safety and efficacy of these two valve types. Methods: Medline search was conducted using standard search terms to determine eligible studies. Primary outcomes of the meta-analysis included death and stroke at 30 days and 1 year. Analysis was performed for entire cohort and separately for patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR (TF TAVR). Results: Analysis of entire cohort revealed significantly higher adjusted 30 day mortality in the SEV cohort as compared to the BEV cohort [Incidence rate ratio (IRR) (95% CI): 1.38 (1.12-1.70)]. There was no significant difference in the unadjusted or adjusted incidence of stroke at 30 days between the two study groups. We observed a significa...
Carcinogenicity of Methylated Dinitrosopiperazines in Rats
Authors: William Lijinsky, H. Wayne Taylor
Journal: Cancer Research (1975)

Summary  Dinitrosopiperazine and four of its homologs were tested as carcinogens by feeding to rats at equimolar doses in drinking water. All 5 compounds induced tumors of the olfactory epithelium and/or esophagus in almost 100% of the animals, the tumors being the cause of death. The comparison of carcinogenic potency was based on the time to death of the animals after initiation of treatment by the different compounds.  One homolog, 2,5-dimethyldinitrosopiperazine, was approximately as potent as was dinitrosopiperazine. Dinitrosohomopiperazine, 2-methyldinitrosopiperazine, and 2,6-dimethyldinitrosopiperazine were considerably more effective carcinogens than was dinitrosopiperazine, a smaller dose killing the animals in a shorter time. The 2,6-dimethyl derivative was the most effective compound. The increased carcinogenicity of the homologs might be related to steric effects or to activation at the α carbon atoms to the  N -nitroso group.
Abstract MP68: Age at Menarche is Inversely Associated with Liver Steatosis and Abdominal Fat Depots: CARDIA Study
Authors: Noel T Mueller, Mark A Pereira, Ellen W Demerath, Jill G Dreyfus, Richard F MacLehose, J J Carr, James G Terry, David R Jacobs
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Age at menarche is associated with cardiometabolic disease risk later in life; whether hepatic steatosis (fatty liver) or regional depots of abdominal fat play a role in this association is unclear. In a community-based sample of African American and White women free of diagnosed liver disease, we tested the hypothesis that age at menarche is inversely associated with hepatic steatosis and abdominal fat depots in midlife, after control for demographic and lifestyle factors and early adult BMI. Methods: Women in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study with complete measures of recalled age at menarche (at exam years 0 (1985-86) and 2), multiple slice abdominal CT (at year 25) of hepatic steatosis (HS), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IAT) were included. We defined nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as liver attenuation ≤ 48 Hounsfield units (HU) after excluding other causes of liver disease. We used multivariable linear regression (continuous outcomes) and Poisson regression (binary outcomes). Results: The mean (±sd) menarcheal age for the 1215 women eligible for this analysis was 12.6±1.5 y. A 1-year increment in age at menarche was associated with lower liver steatosis (0.8±0.2 HU; greater HU = less steatosis), VAT (-6.6±1.2 cc), IAT (-7.3±1.4 cc), SAT (-19.3±3.3 cc), and NAFLD prevalence (prevalence ratio=0.86; 95% CI: 0.78, 0.94) after confounder adjustment ( Table ). Associations remained after further adjustment for year 0 BMI (ages 18-30 y; all p for trend &lt;0.05), but were attenuated (all p for trend &gt;0.05) after adjustment for year 25 BMI (a mediator) when participants were 43-55 y. Conclusion: These findings indicate age at menarche is inversely associated with midlife liver steatosis and visceral and subcutaneous abdominal fat, independent of early, but not late, adult BMI. Whether these associations mediate the higher cardiometabolic disease risk observed in early maturing females needs to be determined.
Dysferlin, a novel skeletal muscle gene, is mutated in Miyoshi myopathy and limb girdle muscular dystrophy
Authors: Jing Liu, Masashi Aoki, Isabel Illa, Chenyan Wu, Michel Fardeau, Corrado Angelini, Carmen Serrano, J. Andoni Urtizberea, Faycal Hentati, Mongi Ben Hamida, Saeed Bohlega, Edward J. Culper, Anthony A. Amato, Karen Bossie, Joshua Oeltjen, Khemissa Bejaoui, Diane McKenna-Yasek, Betsy A. Hosler, Erwin Schurr, Kiichi Arahata, Pieter J. de Jong, Robert H. Brown
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Alemtuzumab and chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: A. Aslam, A.M. Marsland, D. Rog, C.E.M. Griffiths
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Alemtuzumab and chronic plaque psoriasis Get access A. Aslam, A. Aslam Dermatology Centre, and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M. Marsland, A.M. Marsland Dermatology Centre, and Correspondence: Alexander Marsland. E‐mail: alexander.marsland@manchester.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Rog, D. Rog Department of Neurology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.E.M. Griffiths C.E.M. Griffiths Dermatology Centre, and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 169, Issue 1, 1 July 2013, Pages 184–186, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12226 Published: 01 July 2013
Abstract 18777: Prediction of Recurrent Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Treated by Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Michael Grafe, Charalampos Kriatselis, Hong Gerds-Li, Jan Kaufmann, Vesna Furundzija, Usan Thanabalasingam, Eckhart Fleck, Ernst Wellnhofer
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been established as effective interventional treatment in chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). Impairment of left atrial (LA) strain is considered a surrogate parameter of fibrosis. We hypothesized that minimal LA area, inter-segmental variance of LA strain and permanent AF (pAF) form a robust combination for predicting recurrent AF after PVI.   Methods:  We evaluated 89 consecutive PVI patients (mean age 62 ± 11 y, 25 female). The longitudinal strain of the left atrium in a 4-chamber apical window was determined by speckle tracking (Philips IE33 offline analysis by QLAB™). Success was defined as maintenance of sinus rhythm until last follow-up (minimum 3 months elapsed since PVI). Follow-up comprised repeated Holter-monitoring and echocardiography. Variance was evaluated as standard deviation of segmental strain before PVI (STD). Prediction of success was modelled by binary logistic regression with LA min, STD and permanent AF before PVI. A ROC-curve was calculated from logistic probabilities and compared to LA areas and inter-segmental variance of LA strain as single predictors.   Results:  Atrial fibrillation recurred in 40 of 89 patients. The logistic triple parameter model (-0.432*STD+0.091*LA_min+1.3*pAF) was the best predictor as assessed by Delong statistics (AUC 0.805; 0.713-0.897). LA areas (LA min 0.753, LA max 0.710), and STD (0.756) did not differ significantly in the ROC-model.   Conclusions:  The logistic triple parameter model provides a rather sensitive and fairly specific prediction of persisting success of PVI and is superior to LA volume alone.
Thrombopoietin Levels in Patients with Cirrhosis before and after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation
Authors: Thomas G. Martin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Thrombocytopenia is a common manifestation of cirrhosis. Objectives: To determine plasma thrombopoietin levels in cirrhotic patients with thrombocytopenia, monitor those levels before and after orthotopic liver transplantation, and compare thrombopoietin messenger RNA (mRNA) levels in liver samples from cirrhotic patients and controls. Design: A cross-sectional study of patients with cirrhosis, including a small subset of patients who had orthotopic liver transplantation. Setting: University-affiliated hospital. Patients: 44 patients with cirrhosis, including 17 patients who had orthotopic liver transplantation. Intervention: Orthotopic liver transplantation. Measurements: Plasma thrombopoietin levels in all patients, platelet counts in all patients, and thrombopoietin mRNA levels in liver samples from nine patients with cirrhosis and eight controls. Results: Thrombopoietin levels were undetectable in 39 of 44 patients with cirrhosis. In 16 of 17 patients, the levels became detectable after liver transplantation. Thrombopoietin mRNA levels were decreased in liver samples from patients with cirrhosis compared with controls (P = 0.0103). Conclusions: The low thrombopoietin levels in cirrhotic patients with thrombocytopenia and the increased levels after orthotopic liver transplantation suggest that impaired production of thrombopoietin may contribute to thrombocytopenia associated with cirrhosis.