tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P448: Exploring Socioeconomic Inequalities In Coronary Heart Disease Prevention
Authors: R Ahmed, Martin O'Flaherty, N Hawkins, J Lucy, Simon Capewell
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Between 2000 and 2007, coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality rates in England plummeted by one third. An important part of this substantial CHD mortality decline was achieved through reductions in major cardiovascular risk factors (primary prevention). However, the relative contributions from medications and from population-wide changes remains unclear, particularly the effects on health inequalities. Methods: Using a previously validated policy model, the fall in CHD mortality in England was analysed. The contributions from risk factor declines in asymptomatic individuals through medications and through population-wide changes were quantified. Data were stratified using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD). Model outputs were quantified as deaths prevented or postponed (DPPs). Results: Between 2000 and 2007, approximately 21,900 fewer CHD deaths were attributable to risk factor declines in systolic blood pressure and cholesterol in the English population. Some 7,100 of these 21,900 fewer deaths (DPPs) were attributed to medications (32%) and approximately 14,800 DPPs were attributed to secular changes in asymptomatic individuals (68%). Substantial declines in systolic blood pressure were responsible for approximately 14,300 fewer deaths. This comprised approximately 12,500 DPPs attributable to population-wide changes and some 1,800 DPPs attributable to hypertension medications. The hypertension medications resulted in approximately 350 fewer deaths in the most affluent quintile compared with 270 DPP in the most deprived. In contrast, the population-wide (secular) falls in blood pressure resulted in approximately 2400 fewer deaths in the most deprived quintile compared with only 1900 DPPs in the most affluent. Cholesterol falls resulted in approximately 7,700 fewer deaths. This comprised some 5,300 fewer deaths attributable to statin medications and approximately 2,400 fewer deaths attributable to population-wide changes (mostly diet). Statin medications prevented more deaths in the most affluent quintile (1050 DPPs) compared with the most deprived (770 DPPs). Population-wide changes in cholesterol prevented substantially more deaths in the most deprived quintile (820 DPPs) compared with the most affluent (260 DPPs). Conclusions: Population-based declines in blood pressure and cholesterol resulted in much greater reductions in CHD deaths than did primary prevention medications. Mortality falls were greatest in the most deprived quintiles, mainly reflecting their bigger initial burden of disease. Future CHD prevention policies should prioritise healthier diets ahead of medications.
Abstract 15910: Increased Expression of Omi/HtrA2: A Novel Mechanism for Enhanced Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in the Aging Heart
Authors: Ke Wang, Jie Zhang, Jingyi Liu, Jue Tian, Kehua Bai, Lin Quan, Haibo Xu, Li Song, Yunhui Du, Jie Yang, Wen Wang, Huirong Liu
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Survival after acute myocardial infarction is decreased in elderly patients. We have recently demonstrated that Omi/HtrA2, a potent pro-apoptotic protein, was increased in the aged ra...
Lupus panniculitis
Authors: G. D Wright
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1997)

Objective-To characterise IgG4 rheumatoid factor (RF) at the molecular level from a patient with rheumatoid arthritis.Methods-B cells were cloned from the peripheral blood of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, using EB virus transformation.The supernatants of the clones were screened for IgG RF activity by ELISA.Nucleotide sequences of the expressed immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes of one IgG RF producing clone were determined by direct sequencing of the products of a polymerase chain reaction.Results-One clone producing monospecific IgG4 RF was obtained.Sequence analysis of the heavy and light chain genes suggested the accumulation of somatic mutations resulting in amino acid replacement in complementarity determining regions.Conclusions-The results may suggest an antigen driven response in the generation of IgG4 RF in rheumatoid arthritis disease processes.
Abstract 16832: A Protective Role for Toll like Receptor 4 in Pathogen-Mediated Atherosclerosis
Authors: Chie Hayashi, Cynthia V Gudino, George Papadopoulos, Ellen O Weinberg, Kenneth R Barth, Andres G Madrigal, Michael LaValley, Yang Chen, Ning Hua, Frank C Gibson, James A Hamilton, Caroline A Genco
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Endogenous and exogenous ligands of microbial origin stimulate inflammation associated with atherosclerosis progression via the innate immune Toll like receptors (TLRs). The oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis induces inflammatory oral bone destruction manifested as periodontal disease, a common chronic disease. P. gingivalis-mediated periodontal disease is now recognized as a risk factor for systemic inflammatory diseases including, diabetes, stroke, and atherosclerotic and cardiovascular diseases. We have previously demonstrated that TLR2 deficiency diminished P. gingivalis-mediated atherosclerosis in an ApoE-/-mouse model. In the current study we demonstrate that TLR4 plays a protective role in P. gingivalis induced atherosclerosis. ApoE-/- and Apoe-/-TLR4-/- mice on normal chow diet were orally challenged with P. gingivalis or saline 5 times / week for 3 weeks. Thirteen weeks after the last challenge, plaque and inflammatory cell accumulation was analyzed in aortic tissue. Plaque area (%) and accumulation of macrophages, CD8+ T cells, and IL-17+ cells in aortic plaque were significantly greater in P. gingivalis-infected ApoE-/-TLR4 -/- compared to ApoE-/- mice. TLR4 deficiency was associated with a skewing of the adaptive response to P. gingivalis from a Th1 to a Th17 response with a dysregulation in the production of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokines associated with CD8+ T cell responses. MRA imaging revealed greater luminal narrowing in innominate artery of P. gingivalis-infected ApoE-/- TLR4-/- compared to ApoE-/- mice. Our results are in contrast to studies demonstrating decreased atherosclerosis in ApoE-/-TLR4-/- mice fed a high fat diet. These results support the emerging view that oral bacteria contribute to chronic inflammation at sites distant from infection and establish microbial specific TLR4 signaling as a critical determinant of chronic inflammation associated with atherosclerosis progression.
Abstract 11922: Defective Glutathione Reductase Results in Systolic Dysfunction Associated with Impaired Mitochondrial Integrity, Increased Uncoupling Respiration, and Enhanced S-Glutathionylation of Complex I
Authors: Patrick T Kang, Chwen-Lih Chen, Giacinta Guarini, Yeong-Renn Chen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Mitochondrial function is determined in part by its redox state, which reflects a balance between the amount of oxidants produced and the antioxidant defenses. Glutathione reductase (GR) is a key a...
Advances in Neuro-Oncology for Adult Patients with Supratentorial Gliomas: From the Window of Radiation Oncology
Authors: A. B. M. F. Karim, J. H. Kralendonk, B. J. Slotman
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1991)

The developments in radiation neuro-oncology are not separable from the advances and developments in other specialities. The advances in radiation oncology cannot be termed spectacular compared to the breakthroughs in neuroradiology, or those in neurosurgery and neuropathology. Stepwise advances are however noticeable. This is particularly in line with the slow but steady and healthy advances in the treatment of cancer in general.
GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE DURING DIURETIC THERAPY
Authors: A. Amery, C. Bulpitt, A.De Schaepdryver, R. Fagard, J. Hellemans, A. Mutsers, P. Berthaux, M. Deruyttere, C. Dollery, F. Forette, P. Lund-Johansen, J. Tuomilehto
Journal: The Lancet (1978)
The relationship between socioeconomic class and prevalence of schizophrenia, alcoholism, and affective disorders treated by inpatient care in a suburban area
Authors: A B Goodman, C Siegel, T J Craig, S P Lin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

This study relates inpatient-treated prevalence of the three mental illnesses most often requiring inpatient treatment--schizophrenia, alcoholism, and affective disorders--to social class in a suburban area. Rates were developed for the total population, including those living in domiciliary care, for those living in households only, and for first-admission patients living in households. Log-linear models supported the finding that low socioeconomic status was related to a high prevalence of alcoholism and affective disorders. In contrast, socioeconomic status was not related to the prevalence of schizophrenia among those living in households or among first-admission patients living in households.
Abstract 3199: Direct Comparison Between Gated Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography Imaging By High Speed D-SPECT And A-SPECT In The Evaluation Of Patients With Known Or Suspected Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Muneo Oba, Wanda Acampa, Ariel Gutstein, Nikesh Patel, Faith Kite, Hyung Cho, Arik Wolak, Sean Hayes, Louise E Thomson, John Friedman, Piotr Slomka, Amanda Swift, Daniel Berman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: A novel SPECT camera (D-SPECT)(Spectrum-Dynamics) has been designed to increase sensitivity as well as spatial and energy resolution. This study directly compared rest/stress myocardial...
Abstract 10474: Cardiac Rehabilitation Improves Physical Functioning in Refractory Angina
Authors: Elizabeth Asbury, Carolyn Webb, Heather Probert, Christine Wright, Mahmoud Barbir, Kim Fox, Peter Collins
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Refractory angina patients suffer debilitating chest pain despite optimal medical therapy and previous cardiovascular intervention. Supervised exercise training such as cardiac rehabi...
Abstract 15091: Clonogenic Human Cardiac Stem Cells With Long Telomeres Can Be Isolated From Minute Endomyocardial Biopsies
Authors: Ewa Wybieralska, Brandon J Elmore, Polina Goichberg, Fumihiro Sanada, Junghyun Kim, Barbara Ogorek, John H Loughran, Emma J Birks, Kelly C McCants, Michael P Flaherty, Marcello Rota, Piero Anversa, Annarosa Leri, Roberto Bolli, Jan Kajstura
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Autologous cardiac stem cell (CSC) therapy has been implemented in patients with chronic heart failure of ischemic origin. The right atrial appendage, weighing ~1 g, was used for the isolation and ...
In vivo administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G- CSF), granulocyte-macrophage CSF, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and IL-4, alone and in combination, after allogeneic murine hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: K Atkinson, C Matias, A Guiffre, R Seymour, M Cooley, J Biggs, V Munro, S Gillis
Journal: Blood (1991)
The human growth hormone response to clonidine: relationship to clinical and neuroendocrine profile in depression
Authors: R J Dolan, S P Calloway
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The authors found a significant negative correlation between human growth hormone (HGH) response to clonidine and urinary free cortisol level in 14 depressed patients. The HGH response did not distinguish endogenous depression from nonendogenous depression.
Abstract 2595: Cardiopulmonary Bypass Does Not Cause Neurocognitive Decline in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Repair of Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Michael D Quartermain, Richard F Ittenbach, Thomas B Flynn, J. William Gaynor, Xuemei Zhang, Daniel J Licht, Rebecca N Ichord, Michael L Nance, Gil Wernovsky
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Previous studies describing the neurocognitive (neuro) effects of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) have been performed following surgery in infancy for complex congenital heart disease (CHD) and in adults with acquired heart disease. These patients (pts) have many causes for adverse neuro outcomes with conflicting results regarding the contribution of CPB. The impact of CPB in children with less complex CHD is unknown. We sought to describe the effects of CPB on neuro function in children following repair of acyanotic CHD. Methods: We performed a prospective cohort study of pts 5–18 yrs of age undergoing primary repair of CHD. Neuro testing battery included assessment of intellectual function (IQ), memory, motor skills, attention, executive function, and an evaluation by a pediatric neurologist pre- and 6 months post-CPB. Non-CPB effects of surgery were assessed by similarly testing pts undergoing repair of pectus excavatum (non-CPB). Practice effects of serial testing were controlled by enrolling non-surgical pts (mild CHD) and creating a reliability-stability index to adjust surgical group scores. Anxiety was assessed as a covariate. Results: CPB pts ( n =41) included repair of atrial [17] or ventricular [6] septal defect, coronary anomaly [8], aortic valve [5] or other [5]. Control pts included pectus repair ( n =20) and non-surgical CHD pts ( n =16). Groups were similar in age, gender, race, socioeconomic status and baseline scores. Neurological exams before and after surgery were not different between groups. Controlling for the effects of serial testing, there were no significant (p&lt;.05) changes in the mean scores of either surgical group in areas of IQ, memory, motor skills, attention, or executive function. In addition, there were no differences in the percentage of patients in either surgical group that had a significant (&gt;1 SD) decline in scores after surgery. Conclusions : When controlling for the non-CPB effects of surgery (hospitalization, anxiety, etc.) and the practice effects of serial testing, there were no independent effects of CPB on neuro status 6 months after repair of acyanotic CHD. We believe that the potential neuro sequelae of CPB should not be a major factor in the decision to recommend CHD surgery in otherwise healthy children.
Abstract 17767: Geometric Differences in the Mitral Apparatus Between Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Lone Atrial Fibrillation with Significant Mitral Regurgitation: A Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiography Study
Authors: Masaki Izumo, Takeji Saitoh, Yoko Fukuoka, Jun Tanaka, Swaminatha V Gurudevan, Kirsten Tolstrup, Robert J Siegel, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) is a new technique that allows superior visualization of the mitral annulus and leaflet to two-dimensional TEE. We sought to elucidate the geometric differences in the mitral apparatus between lone atrial fibrillation (AF) and ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) with significant MR by 3D TEE. Methods: This study consisted of 20 patients (pts) with ischemic MR and 20 pts with functional MR due to lone AF. The severity of MR was evaluated on a basis of vena contract width (VCW). 3D TEE images were evaluated with dedicated mitral valve quantification software (Figure). Mitral annular anteroposterior (AP) and commissure-commissure (CC) diameters, AP-CC diameter ratio, area, and height which corresponds to annular saddle-shape depth (Figure) were analyzed at mid-systole. Tenting height, and tenting volume were also determined. Additionally, coaptation length (overlap length of the anterior and posterior leaflet) was measured in three locations; medial (CLm), central (CLc) and lateral (CLl). Results: No difference in VCW was found between lone AF pts and ischemic MR pts. Lone AF pts had greater AP (38 ± 5.0 vs. 30 ± 4.6 mm) and CC diameters (39 ± 4.9 vs. 33 ± 4.2 mm), AP-CC diameter ratio (0.99 ± 0.08 vs. 0.90 ± 0.06), and mitral annular area (12 ± 2.7 vs. 8.7 ± 2.2 cm 2 ) and smaller annular height (2.1 ± 0.8 vs. 4.3 ± 1.7 mm) than ischemic MR pts (all p&lt;0.001). Although tenting volume was similar (2.8 ± 2.0 vs. 3.2 ± 1.6 ml, p=ns), tenting height was smaller in lone AF pts than ischemic MR pts (6.9 ± 3.2 vs. 9.0 ± 2.4 mm, p&lt;0.05). CLc was smaller in lone AF pts than ischemic MR pts (3.1 ± 0.5, 3.5 ± 0.9 mm, p&lt;0.05), whereas there were no differences in CLm and CLl between the two groups. Conclusion: 3D TEE clarified geometric differences in the mitral apparatus between ischemic MR and functional MR in lone AF pts.
Analysis of disease recurrence in the central nervous system (CNS) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after responded to gefitinib.
Authors: H. Kenmotsu, K. Goto, Y. Ohe, H. Ohmatsu, S. Niho, K. Yoh, Y. Naito, K. Nagai, Y. Nishiwaki
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e18032 Background: The patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations are sensitive to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and dramatic responses are frequently observed with median progression-free survival (PFS) 10-12 months. However, the recurrence patterns of these patients have not been fully investigated. Methods: To assess the frequency of CNS recurrence in sensitive NSCLC to gefitinib and the prognosis of these patients, 221 NSCLC patients who were responded to gefitinib (CR+PR) between January 2002 and March 2009 at National Cancer Center Hospital East were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Forty-three patients (24%) were relapsed with CNS metastases as the first recurrent site, including leptomeningitis in 25 patients, and 140 patients were relapsed with non-CNS metastases. Patient characteristics (CNS recurrence group/non-CNS recurrence group) were as follows: median age (range) 65 (47-76)/62 (33-87); female 69/66%; non-smoker 65/66%; performance status (PS) 0-1 65/89%; adenocarcinoma 98/97%; stage IV 65/44%; recurrence after surgical resection 14/37%; treatment with gefitinib as first-line chemotherapy 14/28%. There were some significant imbalances between the two groups in terms of PS (p = 0.0034) and recurrence after surgical resection (p = 0.043). In patients with CNS recurrence, 11 patients received chemotherapy and 8 received radiotherapy after CNS recurrence. PFS from the start of gefitinib was significantly shorter in CNS recurrence group comparing with non-CNS recurrence group (median PFS: 7.9 vs. 10.6 months, p = 0.0014), and overall survival (OS) from the recurrence was also significantly shorter in CNS recurrence group (median OS: 5.8 vs. 10.7 months, p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The CNS recurrence was frequent in NSCLC patients who were sensitive to gefitinib, and the prognosis of these patients was significantly poor. These results suggest that the control of CNS recurrence may improve the survival for NSCLC patients with EGFR sensitive mutations. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Patients expect splenectomy in rural Zaire
Authors: J. Burdon
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The risk and consequences of salmonella infection in sickle cell disease are well established, though patients' susceptibility to this micro-organism remains unexplained.Simple preventive measures, however, may limit exposure to the micro-organism.We recommend that all patients with sickle cell disease who develop diarrhoea are investigated for infection with Sal- monella spp and given antibiotics.If Gram negative bacteraemia is found to be present an antibiotic that is effective in salmonella infection should be started.Other measures to reduce the risk of salmonellosis-for example, the provision of education about scrupulous food hygiene and information on food sources of salmonellashould also be taken.
Racial disparity trends in definitive primary therapy of early stage breast cancer
Authors: R. A. Freedman, Y. He, E. P. Winer, N. L. Keating
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

535 Background: Guidelines recommend breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with irradiation (RT) or mastectomy for definitive primary therapy of most stage I/II breast cancers. However, many women, particularly black women, do not receive RT after BCS. In a large population-based cohort, we assessed receipt of definitive locoregional therapy for early-stage breast cancer by race/ethnicity and examined whether differences decreased over time. Methods: We used Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results registry data from 1988–2004 to examine rates of definitive locoregional therapy (mastectomy or BCS with RT) for women aged ≥18 with stage I or II breast cancer. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the probability of definitive therapy. Independent variables included race/ethnicity, age, diagnosis year, marital status, region, histology subtype, grade, tumor size, hormone-receptor status, and stage. A second model included an interaction term for year by race/ethnicity to assess differences over time. Results: Among 373,937 women analyzed, 85.9% had definitive therapy. As mastectomy rates decreased (76.5% in 1988 to 37.5% in 2004, p<0.001), rates of definitive therapy also decreased (95.2% in 1988 to 79.1% in 2004, p<0.001). Unadjusted rates of definitive therapy differed by race (Table). In adjusted analyses, compared with white women, black and Hispanic women had lower odds of definitive therapy while Asians had higher odds (Table). The difference for black and white women was stable over time (p=0.76 for interaction), but differences narrowed over time for Hispanic and Asians (p<0.001 and p=0.065 for interactions). Age <45 or age ≥80 vs. age 45–79, low-grade tumors, and favorable histology subtypes also predicted lower odds of definitive therapy (all p<0.05). Conclusions: As BCS has increasingly substituted mastectomy, fewer women are receiving definitive breast cancer therapy, with persistent disparities evident for black and Hispanic women. Interventions to assure receipt of RT after BCS are needed to eliminate this disparity. This study was supported by a grant from Susan G. Komen for the Cure. Receipt of Definitive Therapy by Race/Ethnicity Unadjusted Rates (%) of Definitive Therapy Adjusted Odds of Definitive Therapy (95% CI) White 86.1 Reference Black 82.1 0.77 (0.74, 0.79) Asian 89.4 1.36 (1.30, 1.42) Hispanic 83.2 0.86 (0.83, 0.89) No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 1553: Medication Adherence Mediates the Relationship Between Marital Status and Event-Free Survival in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Jia-Rong Wu, Terry A Lennie, Misook L Chung, Susan K Frazier, Rebecca D Dekker, Martha J Biddle, Debra K Moser
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Medication adherence is essential to achieving better outcomes. Prognosis is worse in unmarried compared to married patients (pts) with heart failure (HF). The reasons for differences i...
Lymphomas in Patients With Sjögren's Syndrome Are Marginal Zone B-Cell Neoplasms, Arise in Diverse Extranodal and Nodal Sites, and Are Not Associated With Viruses
Authors: Bruno Royer, Dominique Cazals-Hatem, Jean Sibilia, Felix Agbalika, Jean-Michel Cayuela, Thierry Soussi, Frédéric Maloisel, Jean-Pierre Clauvel, Jean-Claude Brouet, Xavier Mariette
Journal: Blood (1997)
Reliability of criteria for borderline personality disorder: a comparison of DSM-III and the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients
Authors: A Frances, J F Clarkin, M Gilmore, S W Hurt, R Brown
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The authors compared the reliability of two methods of distinguishing borderline personality disorder--DSM-III and the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients. The reference group, outpatients with other personality disorders and without major axis I pathology, was more difficult to distinguish from the patients with borderline personality disorder than such groups used in previous samples. The sensitivity and specificity of the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients were calculated, with DSM-III used as a criterion. The findings confirm considerable overlap between borderline and schizotypal personality disorders, more impairment in functioning in borderline patients than in those with other personality disorders, and the high reliability with which borderline personality disorder can be diagnosed.