tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
BP control in OSA patients is independent of antihypertensive (AH) regimen
Authors: Lucilia N. Diogo, Paula Pinto, Cristina Bárbara, Emilia C. Monteiro, Ana L. Papoila
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Approximately 50% of patients with OSA are hypertensive. Despite CPAP use concomitant AH therapy is still required. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate a hypothetical association between ongoing AH regimen and BP control in OSA patients. 283 patients were enrolled and underwent a PSG, 24-h ABPM and filled a questionnaire. 4 weeks after CPAP titration, the device data were checked and patients with compliance underwent repeated 24-h ABPM (n=101). Logistic regression models were used and the level of significance α=0.05 was considered. Patients were mainly male (71.7%) with a mean age of 57.6± 12.4 years and median AHI was 16.6/h. According to medication and/or 24h ABPM, 81.0% were hypertensive and 46.2% presented a non-dipper BP profile. 33 different AH regimens were found. At baseline, 51% of the patients under no AH medication and 61% of patients under AH medication had uncontrolled BP. The AH regimens and the number of AH drugs were not associated with BP control (p=0.847 and p=0.991). After CPAP adaptation, these results remained (p=0.875 and p=0.678) and a decrease in mean night-time SBP and DBP (p=0.002 and p=0.012) was observed. However, this decline does not allow the reclassification from uncontrolled to controlled BP in a significant number of patients (p=0.332). In a multivariable study, OSA severity and 24 h BP profile were identified as independent predictors of BP control after CPAP adaptation (OR: 3.0, p=0.038; OR: 2.8, p=0.014). Our results confirm that, although CPAP improves 24-BP profile is not enough to warrant a suitable BP control in these patients. Finally, this work shows for the first time that BP control is independent of both AH regimen and number of AH drugs.
Friend Spleen Focus-Forming Virus Production In Vitro by a Nonerythroid Cell Line2
Authors: Bryan J. Clarke, Arthur A. Axelrad, David Housman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

We developed a cell line (IS) that continuously produced both Friend spleen focus-forming virus (SFFV) and XC plaque-forming virus in vitro. The line was derived from the enlarged spleen of an Inbred SIM mouse previously infected with a polycythemic strain of Friend leukemia virus in vivo. Friend SFFV titers of 104 spleen focus-forming units/ml of culture medium were maintained for more than 200 cell generations. The virus from IS cells induced the splenomegaly and high hematocrit typical of Friend virus-induced erythroid disease in SIM mice. Cells of the IS line were adherent and phagocytic and had a low saturation density. They produced no tumors after being injected sc into normal syngeneic hosts and no spleen colonies after being injected iv into supralethally irradiated hosts. IS cells did not have the character of erythroid cells: They did not contain detectable heme as measured by benzidine-peroxide reagent, did not contain globin mRNA in detectable amounts, and did not produce erythroid colonies in plasma culture in the absence or presence of erythropoietin. According to these criteria, growth in the presence of dimethyl sulfoxide did not stimulate erythroid differentiation of IS cells. We concluded that Friend SFFV can infect nonerythrold spleen cells but that replication of the virus was not obligatorily coupled to expression of genes associated with the erythroid phenotype.
Detection and Estimation of Azomethane in Expired Air of l,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Treated Rats2
Authors: Emerich S. Fiala, Callie Kulakis, George Bobotas, John H. Weisburger
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Detection and Estimation of Azomethane in Expired Air of l,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Treated Rats2 Emerich S. Fiala, Emerich S. Fiala Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Callie Kulakis, Callie Kulakis Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar George Bobotas, George Bobotas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John H. Weisburger John H. Weisburger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar 3Naylor Dana Institute for Disease Prevention, American Health Foundation, Valhalla, N.Y. 10595. Author Notes JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 6, June 1976, Pages 1271–1273, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.6.1271 Published: 01 June 1976 Article history Received: 11 September 1975 Accepted: 11 December 1975 Published: 01 June 1976
3D Printing of Scaffolds for Tissue Regeneration Applications
Authors: Anh‐Vu Do, Behnoush Khorsand, Sean M. Geary, Aliasger K. Salem
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The current need for organ and tissue replacement, repair, and regeneration for patients is continually growing such that supply is not meeting demand primarily due to a paucity of donors as well as biocompatibility issues leading to immune rejection of the transplant. In order to overcome these drawbacks, scientists have investigated the use of scaffolds as an alternative to transplantation. These scaffolds are designed to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) by providing structural support as well as promoting attachment, proliferation, and differentiation with the ultimate goal of yielding functional tissues or organs. Initial attempts at developing scaffolds were problematic and subsequently inspired an interest in 3D printing as a mode for generating scaffolds. Utilizing three‐dimensional printing (3DP) technologies, ECM‐like scaffolds can be produced with a high degree of complexity, where fine details can be included at a micrometer level. In this Review, the criteria for printing viable and functional scaffolds, scaffolding materials, and 3DP technologies used to print scaffolds for tissue engineering are discussed. Creating biofunctional scaffolds could potentially help to meet the demand by patients for tissues and organs without having to wait or rely on donors for transplantation.
Value of Xenografts in the Investigation of Prostatic Function: Preliminary Communication
Authors: M A Jones, Grant Williams, A J S Davies
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

Two of 33 prostatic tumour xenografts were established and passaged. Testosterone supplementation did not improve tumour take rates. The histological grade of the parent tumour was the principal factor affecting xenograft survival. Preliminary studies on established tumour xenografts suggest that their value lies in the study of tumour biology, and that they have no direct therapeutic application at present.
The right to refuse treatment with antipsychotic medications: retrospect and prospect
Authors: P S Appelbaum
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The right to refuse antipsychotic medication is now more than a decade old. Its evolution has taken divergent forms, driven either by the needs of patients' treatment or the mandate of patients' rights. Regardless of the model employed, refusal is not uncommon, but refusing patients appear almost always to receive treatment in the end. These findings point up the essential illogic of allowing committed persons to refuse treatment that would permit their freedom to be restored. The future evolution of the right may proceed differently in federal and state courts, but whether at the level of legal theory or actual practice, some accommodation will restore the equivalence between the power to commit and the power to treat.
High Prevalence of Mutators in<i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>Nosocomial Isolates and Their Association with Antimicrobial Resistance and Repetitive Detection
Authors: Aki Matsushima, Shunji Takakura, Naoko Fujihara, Takashi Saito, Yutaka Ito, Yoshitsugu Iinuma, Satoshi Ichiyama
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
l -Asparagine Requirements of Human T-Lymphocytes and B-Lymphocytes in Culture 2
Authors: Takao Ohnuma, James F. Holland, Hadara Arkin, Jun Minowada
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

The characterization of two human T-lymphocyte lines revealed that they required exogenous L-asparagine for cell growth, whereas all four B-cell lines studied were L-asparagine independent. T-cells were 800-2,000 times more sensitive to Escherichia coli L-asparaginase than were B-cells. The cytotoxic effects of a high concentration of L-asparaginase on B-cells were not related to the hydrolysis of L-asparagine but were due to heat-labile and heat-resistant substances in the enzyme. The findings were consistent with reports that L-asparaginase is effective in suppressing cellular immunity and inducing remission in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia, mainly a non-B-cell disease. Thus these cell lines provide in vitro models for the study of a nutritional approach to chemotherapy or immunotherapy.
Electrophysiological Correlates of Language Processing in Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Authors: Margaret A. Niznikiewicz, Martina Voglmaier, Martha E. Shenton, Larry J. Seidman, Chandlee C. Dickey, Richard Rhoads, Enkeat Teh, Robert W. McCarley
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

OBJECTIVE: This study examined whether the electrophysiological correlates of language processing found previously to be abnormal in schizophrenia are also abnormal in schizotypal individuals. The authors used the N400 component to evaluate language dysfunction in schizotypal individuals. METHOD: Event-related potentials were recorded in 16 comparison subjects and 17 schizotypal individuals (who met full DSM-III-R criteria) to sentences presented both visually and aurally; half of the sentences ended with an expected word completion (congruent condition), and the other half ended with an unexpected word completion (incongruent condition). RESULTS: In the congruent condition, the N400 amplitude was more negative in individuals with schizotypal personality disorder than in comparison subjects in both the visual and auditory modalities. In addition, in the visual modality, the N400 latency was prolonged in the individuals with schizotypal personality disorder. CONCLUSIONS: The N400 was found to be abnormal in the individuals with schizotypal personality disorder relative to comparison subjects. The abnormality was similar to the abnormality the authors' laboratory reported earlier in schizophrenic subjects, in which the N400 amplitude was found to be more negative in both congruent and incongruent sentence completions. The N400 abnormality is consistent with the inefficient use of context.
Patient Contribution to Reconstructive Decision: The Purse-String Closure
Authors: Leonard M. Dzubow
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Use of an ELISPOT interferon-gamma release assay for screening of end-stage renal failure contacts in haemodialysis centres
Authors: Cynthia Chee, Leo Lim, Chwee-Kim Koh, Kyi-Win KhinMar, Suay-Hong Gan, Yee-Tang Wang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

End-stage renal failure (ESRF) is a risk factor for progression of latent TB infection to active TB disease. Reports in the literature thus far indicate superior sensitivity of the whole blood ELISA interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) over the tuberculin skin test in this risk group, whereas data pertaining to the ELISPOT IGRA are relatively lacking.  We report Singapore9s experience with the T-SPOT.TB assay for screening of ESRF contacts exposed to infectious index cases in haemodialysis centres.  From January 2007 to November 2013, a total of 488 ESRF contacts were screened. Five active TB cases were detected at screening (yield 1%): of these, four tested T-SPOT.TB positive and one had a borderline result. Of the remaining 483 contacts, 360 were tested once with the T-SPOT.TB, while 123 who tested negative within the window period underwent repeat testing after this period. Altogether, 142 (29.4%) tested positive, 308 (63.8%) tested negative, and 30 (6.2%) had borderline results. There were 3 (0.5% of 611) failed tests.  132 of 156 contacts who were advised preventive therapy (PT) commenced treatment. To date, 85 completed PT; 35 did not complete PT (of whom 6 died); and 12 are still receiving PT.  Three contacts with positive T-SPOT.TB (one of whom completed PT), and one contact with negative T-SPOT.TB subsequently developed active TB.  The positive and negative predictive values of the T-SPOT.TB for progression to active TB are 3.8% and 99.7% respectively in our population of haemodialysis centre contacts with ESRF.
<i>CCR</i> 20th Anniversary Commentary: Divide and Conquer—Breast Cancer Subtypes and Response to Therapy
Authors: Lajos Pusztai, Roman Rouzier, W. Fraser Symmans
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The article by Rouzier and colleagues, published in the August 15, 2005, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, demonstrated that different molecular subtypes of breast cancer have different degrees of sensitivity to chemotherapy, but the extent of response to neoadjuvant therapy has a different meaning by subtype. Several molecular subtype–specific clinical trials are under way to maximize pathologic complete response rates in triple-negative breast cancer and HER2-positive cancers, and to provide adjuvant treatment options for patients with residual invasive disease. Clin Cancer Res; 21(16); 3575–7. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Rouzier et al., Clin Cancer Res 2005;11(16) Aug 15, 2005;5678–85
JAK3/STAT6 Stimulates Bone Marrow–Derived Fibroblast Activation in Renal Fibrosis
Authors: Jingyin Yan, Zhengmao Zhang, Jun Yang, William E. Mitch, Yanlin Wang
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Renal fibrosis is a final common manifestation of CKD resulting in progressive loss of kidney function. Bone marrow–derived fibroblast precursors contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis. However, the signaling mechanisms underlying the activation of bone marrow–derived fibroblast precursors in the kidney are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the role of the Janus kinase 3 (JAK3)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT6) signaling pathway in the activation of bone marrow–derived fibroblasts. In cultured mouse monocytes, IL-4 or IL-13 activated STAT6 and induced expression of α-smooth muscle actin and extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin and collagen I), which was abolished by a JAK3 inhibitor (CP690,550) in a dose-dependent manner or blocked in the absence of STAT6. In vivo, STAT6 was activated in interstitial cells of the obstructed kidney, an effect that was abolished by CP690,550. Mice treated with CP690,550 accumulated fewer bone marrow–derived fibroblasts in the obstructed kidneys compared with vehicle-treated mice. Treatment with CP690,550 also significantly reduced myofibroblast transformation, matrix protein expression, fibrosis development, and apoptosis in obstructed kidneys. Furthermore, STAT6-deficient mice accumulated fewer bone marrow–derived fibroblasts in the obstructed kidneys, produced less extracellular matrix protein, and developed much less fibrosis. Finally, wild-type mice engrafted with STAT6−/− bone marrow cells displayed fewer bone marrow–derived fibroblasts in the obstructed kidneys and showed less severe renal fibrosis compared with wild-type mice engrafted with STAT6+/+ bone marrow cells. Our results demonstrate that JAK3/STAT6 has an important role in bone marrow–derived fibroblast activation, extracellular matrix production, and interstitial fibrosis development.
Acute renal failure and the MELAS syndrome, a mitochondrial encephalomyopathy.
Authors: F Hsieh, R Gohh, L Dworkin
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1996)

Melas (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) is one of a group of heterogeneous yet clinically distinct syndromes ascribed to a defect in mitochondrial function. Here, the case of a patient diagnosed with the MELAS syndrome who subsequently developed acute renal failure is reported. Although no clear renal insult was evident at the time, the clinical picture was consistent with the diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis. The patient's renal function subsequently returned to baseline. This article reviews the literature concerning renal involvement in the mitochondrial encephalomyopathies, including MELAS, and proposes a mechanism by which patients suffering from mitochondrial disorders may be more susceptible to renal hypoxic injury and acute renal failure.
Giant bilateral fibrous dysplasia of first ribs: compression of mediastinum and thoracic outlet
Authors: V Thomas de Montpreville, E Dulmet, R Ponlot, P Dartevelle
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

A 43 year old woman presented with two large bilateral tumours of the first ribs that compressed the right subclavian vessels, trachea and oesophagus and led to right arm oedema, severe dyspnoea and dysphagia. The resected tumours showed typical histological features of fibrous dysplasia without malignant transformation. The right tumour weighed 1.5 kg and measured 17 x 13 x 10 cm. This report demonstrates that major surgery is still possible for resection of such exceptional giant compressive lesions, since fibrous dysplasia is a benign and non-infiltrative tumour.
Infectious complications associated with interleukin-2 administration: a retrospective review of 935 treatment courses.
Authors: B A Pockaj, S L Topalian, S M Steinberg, D E White, S A Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE To determine if interleukin-2 (IL-2)-treated patients are prone to develop clinically significant infections, a retrospective review of 519 patients who received 935 treatment courses over a 38-month period was conducted. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treatment records of patients receiving intravenous (IV) bolus IL-2 were reviewed. Clinically significant infectious episodes were identified by retrieving data on antibiotic usage and cross-referencing this with microbiology records and chart review. RESULTS One hundred thirty-nine documented infectious episodes occurred in 122 treatment courses (13.0%); 11 courses were associated with more than one episode of infection. Predominantly urinary tract infections (6.8%) and infections related to IV catheters (5.3%) were encountered. Fifty-eight percent of the catheter-related infections were associated with bacteremia. Other infections included respiratory tract infections (1.0%), skin/muscle infections (0.9%), and miscellaneous infections (0.9%). Bacteria were isolated from the majority of infections. Almost all patients were successfully treated for their infection, with only two septic deaths (0.2%). No difference was noted in infected versus non-infected patients with regard to diagnosis or previous therapy. There was a significant tendency for those patients who developed infection to be older (P2 = .002, Mantel test for trend). Risk factors for the development of infection included vascular access catheters, open wounds, biliary obstruction, or incomplete treatment of previous infections. Over the 3-year study period, the incidence of infection declined from 23% to 7% (P2 &lt; .0001, Mantel test for trend) due to rigorous patient screening, vigilant monitoring for infection, liberal use of antibiotics for suspected infection, and use of prophylactic antibiotics for central venous catheter placement. CONCLUSION Although treatment with IL-2 may be associated with a slightly increased incidence of bacterial infections, these infections can be successfully managed in the great majority of cases.
Prediction of virological response by pretreatment hepatitis B virus reverse transcriptase quasispecies heterogeneity: the advantage of using next-generation sequencing
Authors: Y. Han, L. Gong, J. Sheng, F. Liu, X.-H. Li, L. Chen, D.-M. Yu, Q.-M. Gong, P. Hao, X.-X. Zhang
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Functional heterogeneity of lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus-specfic T lymphocytes. I. Identification of effector amd memory subsets.
Authors: E D Johnson, G A Cole
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

At varying intervals after immunizing infections of adult BALB/c mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis (LCM) virus, splenic lymphocytes were tested for their ability to either elicit acute LCM or protect against lethal intracerebral LCM virus challenge when transferred to syngeneic recipients that were, respectively, virus carriers induced by cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression and normal susceptible mice. These lymphocytes were also assayed for their capacity to lyse, in vitro, LCM virus-infected BALB 3T3 cells labeled with 51Cr. Only lymphocytes obtained from donor mice between 6 and 8 days postimmunization significantly protected normal recipients from the development of lethal central nervous system (CNS) disease when transferred 18-24 h before virus challenge. At 10 days they were not protective even though their cytolytic activity in vitro either exceeded or approximated that of protective lymphocytes. The capacity to protect more closely corresponded with a period of virus-induced DNA synthesis in donor spleens as measured by the incorporation of [5--125I]-2'-DEOXYURIDINe. However, none of these cytolytically active lymphocyte populations were effective in mediating acute CNS disease when transferred to virus-carrier mice. In contrast, lymphocytes obtained 18 days or later after primary immunization, although having no protective capacity and exhibiting minimal cytolytic activity in vitro, were able to regularly produce acute disease in virus-carrier mice. The ablation by anti-theta-serum treatment of these in vivo and in vitro virus-specific immune functions established that the relevant lymphoid cells were T lymphocytes. Similarly, reconstitution of C3H times C57BL F1 adult mice, depleted of lymphocytes by thymectomy and lethal irradiation, with syngeneic day 8 immune donor lymphocytes rendered them resistant to the development of the carrier state after intracerebral virus challenge; reconstitution of such animals with nonimmune lymphocytes restored their ability to develop typical LCM. Collectively, these data indicate that immunogenic stimulation with LCM virus leads to the development of at least two different virus-specific T-lymphocyte subsets: (a) an early appearing transient effector population of cells and, perhaps, their immediate precursors whose generation requires the presence of virus, and (b) a stable memory population that appears well after virus clearance and which has little or not no cytolytic activity. The possible mechanism by which these functionally different subsets can influence the outcome of acute or chronic LCM virus infections is discussed.