tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14232: Effects of AMR101, a Pure Ethyl Eicosapentaenoic Acid Omega-3 Fatty Acid, on Lipoprotein Particle Concentration and Size in Patients with Very High Triglycerides (the MARINE Study)
Authors: Harold Bays, Rene Braeckman, Christie M Ballantyne, John J Kastelein, James Otvos, William G Stirtan, Paresh N Soni
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: AMR101 is an omega-3 fatty acid agent containing ≥96% pure icosapent ethyl, the ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). The MARINE trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of AMR101 i...
Treatment of photoaged skin with topical tretinoin increases epidermal-dermal anchoring fibrils. A preliminary report
Authors: D. T. Woodley
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Topical 0.1% tretinoin or vehicle control was applied daily to the forearm skin of six caucasian adults for 4 months. Two-millimeter punch biopsy specimens were obtained from treatment sites at the beginning and end of the study period for electron microscopy. Anchoring fibrils within the epidermal-dermal junction of skin treatment sites were quantitated by blinded, standardized, computer-assisted morphometry. After 4 months of continual daily treatment, skin sites that received topical tretinoin showed double the anchoring fibril density compared with vehicle control sites (1.34 anchoring fibrils per micron of lamina densa vs 0.65, respectively). The possible mechanisms by which topical tretinoin increases anchoring fibrils in skin include the drug's property of inhibiting collagenase, a dermal enzyme that degrades anchoring fibril collagen. We speculate that increased numbers of collagenous anchoring fibrils within the papillary dermis of human skin is one of the connective-tissue correlates of the clinical improvement observed in photoaged skin after treatment with topical tretinoin. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1990;263:3057-3059)
The Allergy Pricker
Authors: Hans‐Jørgen Malling, Connie Engelund Andersen, Maj‐Britt Boas, Frida Holgersen, Erik P. Munch, Bent Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1982)

Skin prick test has advantages over other diagnostic tests in allergy, and attempts to increase the reproducibility are warranted. A standardised disposable precision needle with a needle point of 1.0 mm has recently become available. Based on 960 tests with histamine and grass pollen (Phleum pratense) the reproducibility of the skin prick weal area was calculated. Using histamine 10 mg/ml and grass pollen (1000 and 5000 PNU) a significantly lower coefficient of variation was found compared with a standard blood lancet with a point of 4 mm. The mean weal reaction is reduced to about 80% of the size obtained with the blood lancet. Testing with the precision needle resulted in a significantly reduced incidence of bleedings. The precision needle simplifies the skin test and does not require as much skill as other needles, and is recommended for both routine tests and the biological standardization of allergen extracts.
The Cause of the Various Clinical Manifestations in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: F. M. Pottenger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 July 1928The Cause of the Various Clinical Manifestations in Pulmonary TuberculosisF. M. POTTENGERF. M. POTTENGERSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-1-1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAdult tuberculosis is a chronic disease whose clinical picture usually is made up of alternating periods of quiescence and activity. The symptoms vary according to the type and the particular state of the disease at the time of consideration. There are certain symptoms which belong almost exclusively to periods of activity, others to periods of quiescence, and still others to periods of both quiescence and activity. The disappearance of the common symptoms does not indicate that healing has been accomplished, or even that the disease is quiescent.Most symptoms of ill health are due to altered physiologic reaction, a disturbance...Bibliography(1) OPIE EL: "Pathology of the Tuberculosis of Childhood: its Bearing on Clinical Work." British Medical Journal, No. 3493, Dec. 17, 1927, pp. 1130-1135. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar(2) KRAUSE AK: Anatomical structure of the tubercle from histogenesis to cavity. Am. Rev. Tuberc., Vol. 15, 137-168, 1927. Google Scholar(3) v. HIPPEL A: Über die Nutzen des Tuberkulins bei der Tuberkulose des Auges." A. F. O. Gr. 1905, Bd. 59, S. 1. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Monrovia, California*Presented to the American College of Physicians, at the Annual Clinical Session, New Orleans, March 6, 1928. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAllergy in clinical tuberculosis 1 July 1928Volume 2, Issue 1Page: 1-20 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Nitric oxide regulates Cdc25A phosphatase expression
Authors: Robert J. Tomko, John S. Lazo
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4907 

Human Cdc25A phosphatase is an oncoprotein that acts as a major regulator of cell cycle progression by dephosphorylating and activating cyclin-dependent kinase complexes. The active site of Cdc25A contains an essential cysteine residue that is predicted to have a low pKa, rendering it susceptible to oxidative regulation. Thus, we hypothesized that Cdc25A is regulated indirectly by nitric oxide (NO) via the reversible S-nitrosation of this catalytic cysteine. To test this hypothesis, we introduced the human inducible nitric oxide synthase (hiNOS) cDNA into HCT-116 cells using adenoviral infection. Remarkably, hiNOS infection decreased Cdc25A protein expression by Western blot at 24 hr after infection. Also, Cdc25A expression was partially restored in hiNOS-expressing cells upon pretreatment with the NOS inhibitor N-monomethyl-L-arginine monoacetate (L-NMMA). To characterize this phenomenon further, we treated HCT-116 cells with the NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). Downregulation of Cdc25A by GSNO was time- and concentration-dependent, with the maximal effect occurring in response to 100 μM GSNO within 60 min of treatment. Although Cdc25A expression was rapidly decreased, the protein levels of Cdc25B and Cdc25C were unchanged in response to GSNO treatment. Using p53 wild-type and p53 null or inactive cell lines, we established that GSNO decreased Cdc25A expression independent of p53 status. Analysis of Cdc25A mRNA expression by RT-PCR suggested that GSNO did not affect the mRNA levels of Cdc25A. Using phospho-specific antibodies, we observed that Cdc25A upstream regulator Chk1, but not Chk2 or γH2AX, was phosphorylated with kinetics consistent with Cdc25A downregulation, suggesting that activation of Chk1 may be regulating Cdc25A expression in response to NO. In summary, these results suggest that nitric oxide regulates expression of Cdc25A, and provide evidence for a potential link between cell cycle regulation and nitric oxide production in disease states such as inflammation and cancer. This research was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (CA78039).
Human infection with a novel, highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N6) virus: Virological and clinical findings
Authors: Ming Pan, Rongbao Gao, Qiang Lv, Shunhe Huang, Zhonghui Zhou, Lei Yang, Xiaodan Li, Xiang Zhao, Xiaohui Zou, Wenbin Tong, Suling Mao, Shumei Zou, Hong Bo, Xiaoping Zhu, Lei Liu, Heng Yuan, Minghong Zhang, Daqing Wang, Zumao Li, Wei Zhao, Maoli Ma, Yaqiang Li, Tianshu Li, Huiping Yang, Jianan Xu, Lijun Zhou, Xingyu Zhou, Wei Tang, Ying Song, Tao Chen, Tian Bai, Jianfang Zhou, Dayan Wang, Guizhen Wu, Dexin Li, Zijian Feng, George F Gao, Yu Wang, Shusen He, Yuelong Shu
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)
After Leslie Left
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Salvage outcomes in patients with first relapse after fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab for chronic lymphocytic leukemia: The <scp>F</scp>rench intergroup experience
Authors: Luc‐Matthieu Fornecker, Thérèse Aurran‐Schleinitz, Anne‐Sophie Michallet, Bruno Cazin, Romain Guieze, Marie‐Sarah Dilhuydy, Jean‐Marc Zini, Cécile Tomowiak, Stéphane Lepretre, Florence Cymbalista, Annie Brion, Pierre Feugier, Alain Delmer, Véronique Leblond, Loïc Ysebaert
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

The optimal management of patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is dictated by the type of prior therapy, duration of prior response, presence of genomic aberrations, age, and comorbidities. The patterns of relapses and the clinical outcomes of second-line options after fludarabine-cyclophosphamide-rituximab (FCR) is given as a frontline treatment are currently unknown. In this retrospective and non-randomized study, we report the outcomes of 132 patients from databases of 14 French CLL study group centers who needed a second-line treatment after FCR frontline. Bendamustine + rituximab (BR) was the most frequently used second-line regimen, followed by alemtuzumab-based regimens, R-CHOP, and FCR. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 18 months after BR with a median overall survival (OS) not reached. We also found that response durations of < 36 months and the presence of del(17p) are critical factors that contribute to poor overall survival. BR appears to be an effective salvage regimen in our series, both in terms of progression-free and overall survival. Patients who relapsed less than 36 months after FCR have a poor outcome, not significantly different in this study from patients with early relapses less than 12 or 24 months.
661. Immune System Regulation of Transgene Expression in the Brain 3: Effects of the Immune Response on Transgene Expression from HIV-Derived Lentiviral Vectors Injected into the Rat Striatum
Authors: Pedro R. Lowenstein, Evelyn Abordo-Adesida, Carlos Barcia, Antonio Follenzi, Luigi Naldini, Maria G. Castro
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

HIV-derived pseudotyped lentiviral vectors are potent vectors for the transfer of potentially therapeutic genes into the brain. However, the efficiency of LV-mediated gene transfer into the brain has not been examined in detail. Further, nothing is known on the effects of the systemic priming of an anti-lentiviral immune response on transgene expression and inflammation in the brain. The self-inactivating pRRLsin.cPPT.CMV.Wpre, and pRRLsin.cPPT.ALB.Wpre constructs were used to generate VSV-pseudotyped LV stocks expressing either GFP (LV-GFP) or human FIX (LV-hFIX). Titers for LV-GFP were determined on HeLa and mouse liver (MLP29) cells and were approx. 5 × 109 to 2 × 1010 transducing units (TU)/ml with 100–400 ug HIV-1 p24/ml. To study the innate inflammatory responses to LV vectors in the CNS, LV-GFP was injected into the striatum at doses of 1 × 102−1 × 107 TU. Transduced cells could be found at all doses, and transgene expression increased up to the highest dose. Even at the highest dose, there was no statistically significant increase in the influx of either activated macrophages or CD8+-T cells. To analyze the effects of the systemic anti-LV immunization on gene expression in the CNS, LV-GFP was injected into the striatum, followed 30 days later, by the systemic immunization with either LV-GFP or LV-FIX, or the injection of saline. The effectiveness of the immune responses were determined by the presence of anti-envelope and anti-transgene antibodies by ELISA. In animals immunized against LV-FIX or injected with saline, there was no changes in the number of immunoreactive cells in the brain. However, in animals immunized against LV-GFP, there was a 30–50% reduction in the number of immunoreactive neurons. Concomitantly, there was a highly significant increase in the number of CD8+ T-cells in the brains of animals immunized with LV-GFP, but not those immunized with LV-FIX. This indicates that LV-injected into the brain cause minimal activation of the CNS innate inflammatory response. However, in the presence of a systemic anti-transgene immune response, activated lymphocytes can enter the brain and contribute to a down-regulation of LV-encoded transgene expression. Since LV-derived vectors do not express any vector proteins, immunization against a LV vector expressing a different transgene did not cause brain inflammation or down-regulation of CNS transgene expression. In conclusion, a systemic anti-transgene immune response can down-regulate gene expression from a LV vector in the CNS.
Tumors of the Oral Cavity and Pharynx: Malcolm B. Dougherty, Edith M. Parkhill, David C. Dahlin, Lewis B. Woolner, Edward H. Soule, and Edgar G. Harrison. Washington, D. C.: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1968. 286 pp.
Authors: Weldon K. Bullock
Journal: Cancer Research (1969)
Abstract P349: A Randomized Trial of a High Potassium Dietary Intervention to Lower Blood Pressure in Urban African Americans With Hypertension in the Primary Care Setting: The “Five Plus Nuts and Beans” Trial
Authors: Edgar R Miller, Lisa A Cooper, Kathryn A Carson, Nae-Yuh Wang, Lawrence J Appel, Debra Gayles, Jeanne Charleston, Karen White, Arlene T Dalcin, Michelle Martin-Daniels, Barbara Bates-Hopkins, Michael Albert, Hsin-Chieh Yeh
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: African Americans and persons with low income have greater exposure to poor food environments and are more likely to have deficiencies in micronutrients that lower blood pressure (BP). Objective: We conducted a 2-arm randomized trial to test the hypothesis that delivery of nutritional advice to adopt a diet rich in potassium, tailored to availability of foods from a local supermarket, relevant to patients’ preferences, and combined with provision of targeted foods by a food delivery system, will reduce BP in urban African Americans with hypertension. Methods: We recruited adults with controlled hypertension from an urban primary care clinic in Baltimore City, Maryland, and implemented the trial in partnership with a community supermarket and the Baltimore City Health Department. Participants in the DASH-Plus intervention group received 8 weeks of dietary advice and coach assistance with weekly online ordering of high potassium foods ($30/week) delivered by the supermarket to a neighborhood public library. Participants in the control group received a printed DASH diet brochure along with a debit account of equivalent value at the same supermarket. The primary outcome was BP. Results: We randomized 123 participants and had 100% follow-up. At baseline, mean (SD) age was 58.6 (9.5) years, 71% were women, median household income was $20K-$30K/yr, BMI was 34.5 (8.2) kg/m 2 , and 28% had diabetes. At follow-up, compared to the control group, there was no effect on SBP and DBP, but the intervention group had significant increases in self-reported fruit and vegetable consumption, dietary intake of potassium, and in measured urine potassium excretion, along with a significant decrease in urine sodium excretion (see table). Conclusion: Our intervention program in urban African Americans with controlled hypertension did not reduce BP, but improved dietary patterns. Limitations of this pragmatic trial approach included medication changes during the trial that affected BP and reliance on a single BP measurement at follow-up.
History of the Canadian Medical Association 1954-94, by John S Bennett
Authors: D. Woods
Journal: BMJ (1997)

John S Bennett: Canadian Medical Association, $34, pp 388 ISBN 0 920169 83 X

“Why did the Canadian cross the road? To get to the middle.”

Scurrilous allegations of Canada's blandness and Canadians' tentativeness abound; but, having lived there for two decades, and for almost half of that time as an employee of the Canadian Medical Association (CMA), I beg to differ. Canada abounds in colour and character and civility—attributes certainly reflected in its national medical association, an organisation as old as the country itself.

But you wouldn't know it from this book. Author John Bennett starts out by flubbing the flyleaf quote from Rudyard Kipling, and it's pretty much all downhill from …
Abstract P304: Association of Stroke Risk Biomarkers With Stroke Symptoms: The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Cohort
Authors: Kara M Klingman, Kristine Alexander, Neil Zakai, Suzanne E Judd, Dawn O Kleindorfer, Virginia J Howard, George Howard, Mary Cushman
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background:  History of stroke symptoms (SS) in the absence of prior stroke or TIA is associated with adverse stroke risk profile and future stroke risk. Biomarkers associated with inflammation, cardiac function and hemostatic function are also associated with stroke prevalence and incidence. Better understanding of the relationship between SS and these biomarkers will allow hypothesis formation on the biologic underpinnings of SS.   Hypothesis:  Higher levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, factor VIII, and factor XI and NT-proBNP are associated with prevalent SS.   Methods:  REGARDS enrolled 30,239 black and white participants age 45 and older from the contiguous US to study geographic and racial differences in stroke. We performed a cross-sectional study in a random sample of 1100 participants in which the above biomarkers were measured. Prevalent SS at baseline were ascertained using the Questionnaire for Verifying Stroke-free Status. Excluding those with pre-baseline stroke or TIA, there were 190 participants with self-reported SS and 770 without these. Odds ratios of prevalence of any SS by quartiles and per SD increment of each biomarker were calculated using logistic regression.   Results:  Adjusting for age, race and sex, NT-proBNP, CRP and D-dimer in the top vs bottom quartile were associated with history of any SS (ORs: 3.45 (95%CI: 2.00-5.95), 2.38 (95%CI: 1.49-3.82), and 1.81 (95%CI:1.03-3.17), respectively), as were SD increments of these and factor XI. Odds ratios with added adjustment for Framingham stroke risk factors were little changed and are shown in the table.  Summary: Higher levels of NT- proBNP, CRP, factor XI and D-dimer are each associated with prevalent SS. Results provide further evidence that history of SS may represent cerebrovascular disease. Future work is needed to determine whether these biomarkers identify persons with a history of SS who are at particularly high stroke risk.
Modeling drug sensitivity and resistance in human tumor-derived cell lines
Authors: Jeffrey Settleman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Accumulating evidence points to the importance of genomic heterogeneity across human tumors as a critical determinant of the variable clinical response to molecularly targeted cancer therapies. We have used cancer cell lines as a model system for examining the relationship between underlying genotypes and sensitivity to candidate anticancer agents. These studies have revealed the utility of large panels of cancer cell lines to capture the genomic heterogeneity of human cancer and to identify clinically relevant genotype-phenotype relationships. These studies have begun to shed light on mechanisms underlying sensitivity as well as de novo and acquired resistance to a variety of small molecule inhibitors. Using this same platform, we have also identified a mechanism of reversible drug “tolerance” that involves a distinct chromatin state displayed transiently by small subpopulations of cancer cells. This drug-tolerant state can be disrupted by chromatin-modifying agents, potentially yielding a therapeutic opportunity to prevent or delay the development of more stable genetically conferred drug resistance mechanisms.
Low Dose Dobutamine Echocardiography Predicts Improvement in Functional Capacity After Exercise Training in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy: Prognostic Implication 11This study was supported by the Azienda Ospedaliera “G. M. Lancisi,” Ancona, Italy.
Authors: Romualdo Belardinelli, Demetrios Georgiou, Augusto Purcaro
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Abstract 13372: Diagnostic Value of a Novel Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography-based Approach for Assessing Fractional Flow Reserve: Comparison with Invasive Measurement
Authors: Stefan Baumann, Matthias Renker, Rui Wang, Felix G Meinel, Jeremy D Rier, Richard R Bayer, Ibrahim Akin, Martin Borggrefe, Daniel H Steinberg, U J Schoepf
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Noninvasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) from cCTA correlates well with invasive FFR and substantially improves the detection of obstructive CAD. However with current algorithms, CT-based FFR is derived off-site in an involved, time-consuming manner. We sought to investigate the diagnostic performance of a novel CT-based FFR algorithm (Siemens, Germany), developed for time-efficient in-hospital evaluation of hemodynamically indeterminate coronary lesions. Methods and Results: In a blinded fashion, CT-based FFR was assessed in 67 coronary lesions of 53 patients. Pressure guidewire-based FFR&lt;0.80 served as the reference standard to define hemodynamically significant stenosis and assess the diagnostic performance of CT-based FFR compared to standard evaluation of cCTA (stenosis ≥50%). On a per-lesion and per-patient basis, CT-based FFR resulted in a sensitivity of 85% and 94%, specificity of 85% and 84%, positive predictive value of 71% and 71%, and negative predictive value of 93% and 97%. The area under the ROC curve on a per-lesion basis was significantly greater for CT-based FFR compared with standard evaluation of cCTA (0.92 vs. 0.72, p=0.0049). A similar trend, albeit not statistically significant, was observed on per-patient analysis (0.91 vs. 0.78, p=0.078). Mean total time for CT-based FFR was 37.5±13.8 min. Conclusions: The CT-based FFR algorithm evaluated here outperforms standard evaluation of cCTA for the detection of hemodynamically significant stenoses while allowing on-site application within clinically viable timeframes.