tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1641: Attenuation-correction Does Not Improve Quantitative Diagnostic Performance of Myocardial Perfusion SPECT in Women
Authors: Arik Wolak, Piotr J Slomka, Mathews B Fish, James Gerlach, Santiago Lorenzo, Daniel S Berman, Guido Germano
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND: Attenuation Correction (AC) for myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (MPS) had not been evaluated separately in female population despite specific considerations in this group due to breast photon attenuation. We aimed to compare the performance of AC in women using automated quantitative analysis of MPS. METHODS: Consecutive female pts, 137 low likelihood (LLk) and 115 with coronary angiography performed within &lt; 3 months of MPS, referred for rest/stress ECG gated Tc-99m sestamibi MPS with AC (Vantage Pro, Philips), were considered. Imaging data were evaluated for contour quality control (QC). Additional 50 female LLk studies were used to create equivalent normal limits for studies with AC and with no correction (NC). An experienced technologist (JG) blinded to the angiography and other results performed contour QC. All other processing was performed in a fully automated manner. Quantitative analysis was performed using Cedars Cardiac Suite version 2005, (QPS). All automatic segmental analysis was performed in 17-segment/5 point AHA model. Summed Stress Scores (SSS) ≥ 4 were considered abnormal. Receiver Operator Characteristics (ROC) areas-under- curve (AUC) were obtained by Analyze-It (v 1.171) statistical package. RESULTS: CAD (≥ 70% stenosis) was present in 70/115 (61%) pts. The normalcy rates were 96% and 98% for studies with and without AC, respectively (P=NS). SSS in studies with or without AC were the same with the exception of normal patients were SSS was higher for studies with AC. The diagnostic performance of MPS with and without AC for detection of CAD is summarized in the table . Conclusions: There are no diagnostic differences between quantitative MPS analysis with or without AC in women and no gain in specificity or normalcy rates contrary to previously reported findings in general populations.
Burket's Oral Medicine. Diagnosis and Treatment.
Authors: Lester W.Burket
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Introduction to Modern Oral Medicine The Medical History and Medical Risk Assessment, and Laboratory Medicine Maxillofacial Imaging Ulcerative, Vesicular, and Bullous Lesions Red and White Lesions of the Oral Mucosa Pigmented Lesions of the Oral Mucosa Benign tumors of the Oral Cavity Oral Cancer Salivary Gland Disease Temporomandibular Disorders Chronic Orofacial Pain Disorders Diseases of the Respiratory System Diseases of the Cardiovascular System Diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract Renal Disease Hematologic Disease Bleeding and Clotting Disorders Immunologic Diseases Transplantation Medicine Infectious Diseases Diabetes and Endocrine Disease Neuromuscular Disease Geriatrics
Gynecomastia in Adolescent Boys
Authors: Martin Nydick
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In an attempt to establish the incidence and duration of pubertal gynecomastia and to correlate the condition with other changes of puberty, 2,369 examinations were made of 1,890 normal boys in a Boy Scout camp. After excluding all obese boys, the data from 1,855 examinations were analyzed. The over-all incidence of gynecomastia was 38.7% (28.9% in Negroes). The peak incidence of 64.6% occurred in the 14- to 14 1/2-year-old group. In 27.1% of the cases it persisted through 2 seasons, and in 7.7% for 3 seasons. We recommend that adolescent gynecomastia should not be treated either surgically or with hormones, but that the boy and his parents should be assured that this is a normal phenomenon of puberty which will disappear within 1 or 2 years.
Test-retest reliability of team consensus best-estimate diagnoses of axis I and II disorders in a family study
Authors: D N Klein, P C Ouimette, H S Kelly, T Ferro, L P Riso
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The present study examined the test-retest reliability of team consensus best-estimate diagnoses of axis I and II disorders.As part of a series of family studies of outpatients with depressive and personality disorders, best-estimate diagnoses of relatives were derived in team diagnostic conferences held regularly over 4 years. Diagnoses were based on all available information, including direct interviews, family history data, and treatment records, and explicit guidelines were developed to resolve discrepancies between data sources. To evaluate the reliability of the team best-estimate diagnoses, 92 relatives were independently rediagnosed after a 2-year interval.The reliability of both axis I and II disorders was good to excellent. The results were similar for cases in which diagnoses were based on direct interviews plus informant data and cases in which diagnoses were based on informant data alone.These data indicate that the team consensus best-estimate diagnostic method can be applied consistently, even over an interval of several years.
Abstract P361: The First Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of GlycA, an NMR-Derived Marker of Inflammation, Reveals Associations With a Variant in the Intron of TXNL4B Across Two Cohorts
Authors: Alexis C Frazier-Wood, Stella Aslibekyan, Ingrid B Borecki, Jose M Ordovas, Jerome I Rotter, Michael Y Tsai, Donna K Arnett, Stephen S Rich
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Markers of inflammation reflect metabolic dysfunction and may predict incident cardiovascular events. GlycA is a new NMR-derived plasma marker of inflammation. Our goal was to undertake first characterization of the genetic variants associated with fasting GlycA, to elucidate the pathways from genes to inflammation. We completed a GWAS in the Caucasian-ancestry population of The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA; N=2,520; 48% male, mean age 62.7 y). We specified linear regressions models with GlycA as the outcome, and ~2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) directly genotyped or imputed from HapMap as the predictors in separate models; all models additionally controlled for age, gender, alcohol intake (g/day), smoking status (yes / no) and 4 principal components of population structure. In MESA, 5 SNPs reached genome-wide levels of significance (P&lt;10 -8 ; Table 1). Forty six SNPs reached a ‘discovery threshold’ of P&lt;10 -5 in MESA, but only one (rs217181; minor allele frequency = .18) replicated in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drug Network (GOLDN; N=817; 48% male, mean age=48.8 years) after an FDR multiple testing correction. Rs217181 is located in the intron of TXNL4B , thioredoxin-like 4B, and in close proximity to HP , Haptoglobin , and HPR, Haptoglobin-related Protein . Rs217181 has been validated as associating with levels of haptoglobin protein. Haptoglobin is released by the liver and reduces hemoglobin’s oxidative activity. Our data suggests that rs217181 is involved in inflammation status, and may be a risk factor for adverse cardiovascular events. We would encourage replication of these findings in other cohorts, and are undertaking examination of this association in non-Caucasian individuals.
Declaration of Helsinki should be strengthened
Authors: R J Lilford, Benjamin Djulbegovic
Journal: BMJ (2001)

# Declaration of Helsinki should be strengthened {#article-title-2}

The World Medical Association is now debating the next revision of the Declaration of Helsinki. Kenneth Rothman and Karin Michels argue that critics of the declaration, notably the US Food and Drug Administration, are trying to give scientists greater latitude than the declaration allows. In particular, Rothman and Michels dispute the morality of performing placebo controlled trials when there is an existing accepted treatment, and they offer other suggestions to strengthen the protection of patients who participate in medical experiments. Michael Baum argues against their absolutism on this issue and against what he considers their anti-science stance

# For {#article-title-3}

Actions that penalise some for the good of others are defended under the utilitarian banner of doing the greatest good for the greatest number. For this reason we justify imposing quarantine to prevent the spread of infectious illness. In the same spirit some scientists and regulators would ask patients who participate in medical research to make sacrifices for the greater good. Their position puts them at odds with the Declaration of Helsinki, which does not mince words in choosing between the greatest good for the greatest number and the rights of the individual patient: “In research on man, the interest of science and society should never take precedence over considerations related to the well being of the subject.”1 This ethical choice of the patient's rights over the good of society in general is now up for re-examination as the World Medical Association deliberates the next revision of the declaration.

Why would the World Medical Association consider stepping back from its strong support for the rights of the patient? It is under pressure to do so from several critics, 2 3 notably the United States Food and Drug Administration. The Food and Drug Administration mandates many human experiments as part of the approval …
Enhanced DNA response following whole-body irradiation plus treatment with an antioxidant mimetic
Authors: Xian Luo, Adeola Y. Makinde, Asma Rizvi, James D. Crapo, James M. Slater, Robert D. Pearlstein, Michael J. Pecaut, Daila S. Gridley
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4418 

Successful cancer radiotherapy is limited by concern for normal tissues, such as the highly sensitive hematopoietic/immune system. The objective of this study was to determine the acute impact of an antioxidant mimetic, MnTE-2-PyP [manganese(III) tetrakis(N-ethyl-2-pyridyl)porphyrin], in modifying radiation induced effects on bone marrow-derived cells. C57BL/6 mice were exposed whole-body to a single fraction of 7 gray (Gy) gamma-rays (60^Co). Subcutaneous (s. c.) injections of MnTE-2-PyP (10 mg/kg) were initiated 1h before and 1, 12 and 24 h post-radiation; and then repeated daily for a maximum of 14 days. Control groups received s.c. injections of saline radiation. On days 4 and 14 post-exposure, subsets were euthanized for analysis of whole blood and spleen DNA synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by liver and organ weights. The remaining mice were followed for survival until 46 days post-irradiation. Increased DNA synthesis in samples of whole blood was observed on day 4 with the greatest increase occurring in the animals who received the mimetic 12 and 24 h post radiation. On day 14, the Radiation only group had significantly higher DNA synthesis compared to all other groups. All irradiated groups treated with MnTE-2-PyP were similar to the control on day 14. By day 46, DNA synthesis measured in whole blood had fallen to very low levels, suggesting that reconstitution of the leukocyte fraction was complete. A pattern similar to that in blood was observed for splenocytes. There were no significant differences among groups on day 4 for ROS by liver cells, as measured by the DCFH-DA method. However, by day 14 the Drug + 1h + Radiation and Radiation + 24h + Drug groups had significantly elevated ROS levels compared to the Radiation only group. The results (an earlier burst in DNA synthesis in whole blood and spleen in drug treated animals) suggest that MnTE-2-PyP can modify the timing of hematopoietic reconstitution following whole body irradiation. MnTE-2-PyP had no significant effect on radiation-induced reductions in body mass, relative spleen and thymus masses, and mouse survival.
Usual vs special angulated views.
Authors: I L Bunnell
Journal: Circulation (1977)

To the Editor:I wish to comment on Dr. Conti's recent review article on cor- onary arteriography.'Dr. Conti correctly points out the necessity for accurate assessment of the extent and severity of the occlusive process in the various segments of the coronary arterial tree; he emphasizes the value of scoring systems, computer coding of observer data and the troublesome fact of inter and intraobserver error.But the entire process of interpretation and subsequent scoring stands or falls on optimal visualization of the vessels at risk.Dr. Conti suggests nothing more than the usual projections in the transverse plane in even the most difficult case.Lesions of the main left coronary artery or of its proximal branches are often obscured by overlapping vessels or by foreshortening of the involved vessel when angiograms are made in the usual oblique, frontal and lateral projections in the transverse plane.We have pointed out the value of special angulated views in the sagittal plane in order to obtain better visualization of lesions in the proximal portion of the left coronary artery.2Others have supported the value of such special views.3 6Coronary angiographers throughout this country and the world have convinced themselves of the value of supplementing the usual projections in the transverse plane by special angulated views in the sagittal plane.Dr.
The Generalized Epilepsies. A Clinical Electroencephalographic Study.
Authors: Ernst Niedermeyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

This is a clinical and electroencephalographic review of 300 patients. The material, presentation, and bibliography represent a standard statement about this problem, the only new point being an effort to implicate a faulty arousal mechanism in the genesis of generalized seizures. Perspectives in Neuropharmacology: A Tribute to Julius Axelrod. Edited by Solomon H Snyder. Price, $17.50. Pp 399. Oxford University Press, New York, 1972. This book is a Festschrift dedicated to the scientific father of a whole generation of catecholamine scientists. Twelve signed chapters, many with new material, are presented by present and former collaborators and the writing and presentation is of excellent quality. The volume represents a very good introduction or review to recent catecholamine biology.
Abstract 2718: Targeting ribosome biogenesis with CX5461 as a potential treatment for melanoma and ovarian cancer
Authors: Karen E. Sheppard, Natalie Brajanovski, Katherine M. Hannan, Jessica Ahearn, Jason Ellul, Denis Drygin, Sean O'Brien, Grant McArthur, Ross D. Hannan, Richard B. Pearson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Ribosome biogenesis provides the molecular machinery required for protein synthesis, thus it dictates the ability of a cell to grow and proliferate. We have recently demonstrated that inhibiting ribosome biogenesis with a small molecule that inhibits RNA Polymerase (POL) I driven transcription (CX5461) selectively killed B-lymphoma cells in vivo while maintaining a viable wild-type B cell population (Bywater et al., Cancer Cell 22: p51, 2012). The therapeutic effect was mediated via nucleolar disruption and activation of p53-dependent apoptotic signalling. Although this response was dependent on p53, cell lines from solid tumors with mutant p53 also respond to CX5461 (Drygin et al., Cancer Res 71: p1418, 2011). Dysregulation of both the PI3K and RAS/ERK pathways are common in ovarian cancer and BRAF is mutated and activated in over 50% of melanomas; a cancer that also commonly expresses wild type-p53. Given that both these pathways are critical regulators of ribosome biogenesis, we hypothesized that targeting ribosome biogenesis may be a new and potent approach to treating these cancers. To determine the efficacy of CX5461 a panel of ovarian cancer and melanoma cell lines were treated with CX5461 and cell proliferation assessed. The majority of cell lines were sensitive to CX5461 and differential gene expression between resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer cell lines revealed sensitivity was associated with signatures of increased MYC signalling and BRCA1 and 2 mutation. Gene expression and assessment of rDNA transcription suggested that resistance in both ovarian cancer and melanoma cell lines was associated with an inability of CX5461 to inhibit POL1 driven transcription. These studies indicate that targeting ribosome biogenesis and function may provide a new therapeutic option for treating ovarian cancer and melanoma. Citation Format: Karen E. Sheppard, Natalie Brajanovski, Katherine M. Hannan, Jessica Ahearn, Jason Ellul, Denis Drygin, Sean O'Brien, Grant McArthur, Ross D. Hannan, Richard B. Pearson. Targeting ribosome biogenesis with CX5461 as a potential treatment for melanoma and ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2718. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2718
Infliximab restores the balance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins in regressing psoriatic lesions
Authors: G. Kokolakis, E. Giannikaki, E. Stathopoulos, G. Avramidis, A.D. Tosca, S. Krüger-Krasagakis
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Infliximab restores the balance between pro‐ and anti‐apoptotic proteins in regressing psoriatic lesions Get access G. Kokolakis, G. Kokolakis Departments of Dermatology andDepartment of Dermatology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Giannikaki, E. Giannikaki Histopathology, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Stathopoulos, E. Stathopoulos Histopathology, University Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Avramidis, G. Avramidis Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.D. Tosca, A.D. Tosca Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Krüger‐Krasagakis S. Krüger‐Krasagakis Departments of Dermatology and S. Krüger‐Krasagakis. E‐mail: krkras@med.uoc.gr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 166, Issue 3, 1 March 2012, Pages 491–497, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10689.x Published: 01 March 2012 Article history Accepted: 25 September 2011 Published: 01 March 2012
Complex extracellular matrix modulates neutrophil migration in vitro
Authors: Markus Weckmann, Gyde Nissen, Tim Becker, Elvira Ehlers-Jeske, Matthias Kopp
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Neutrophil inflammation in bronchial asthma is often therapy resistant and leads to severe exacerbation and hospitalization. Haldar and colleagues identified a refractory subpopulation of asthma patients (high-dose corticosteroids), whose asthma was dominated by neutrophil inflammation. The analysis of migration of neutrophil granulocytes in complex matrices has been made difficult by the lack of advanced methods for ex vivo real time analysis. We developed a novel 3D migration assay with a computerized analysis and in this study, we aimed to compare a simple matrix (fibronectin, FN) with a highly complex matrix (human placental matrix, HEM) in the presence of a corticosteroid. Methods: Neutrophil Granulocytes were isolated by density gradient centrifugation and viability, activation and eosinophil contamination were assessed. Cells were incubated with 10-6M prednisolone or vehicle for 1h and then embedded in FN or HEM on a µSlide (IBIDI). Time lapse microscopy was performed for 1h and trajectories were analyzed using an optimized algorithm. Results: Migrational speed of neutrophils in FN was 1.00 u/min whereas the more complex matrix HEM showed lower speeds (0.61 u/min). Migration in FN was more focused (directionality 0.52 vs. 0.47) towards IL-8 (Forward Migration Index = FMI FN; 0.11 vs FMI HEM: 0.079). Prednisolone results in a significant reduction of migration towards IL-8 in both matrices. Discussion: A more complex matrix such as HEM leads to a less focused and slower migration of neutrophils. This indicates that extracellular matrices from different organs could regulate neutrophil infiltration differently. Corticosteroids may not be able to alter this effect.
Abstract 9841: Microbubble Enhanced Sonothrombolytic Therapy Facilitates Reduction of Central Venous Catheter Associated Thrombi in vivo
Authors: Shelby Kutty, Shunji Gao, Feng Xie, Lucas Drvol, Stacey L Therrien, David A Danford, John Lof, James M Hammel, Thomas R Porter
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background We sought to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of microbubble (MB) enhanced sonothrombolysis in comparison with ultrasound (US) therapy alone for aged central venous catheter (CVC) associated thrombi in vivo Methods A model of chronic indwelling CVC in the low superior vena cava with thrombus in situ was established after feasibility and safety testing in 7 pigs. This model was subsequently used for randomized sonothrombolytic treatments in 4 pigs. Baseline intracardiac echocardiography (ICE, 10.5F Acunav, Sequoia, Siemens), fluoroscopy and saline flushing confirmed the absence of any pre-existing CVC associated thrombus. By withdrawing 0.5-0.7 ml of blood into the CVC, a thrombus was allowed to form and age over 24 hours. The created thrombus at the distal CVC tip was localized and measured by ICE, and transthoracic guided high mechanical index (MI) two dimensional US treatments (1.6 MHz; 1.1 MI; iE33, Philips) applied intermittently whenever microbubbles were visualized near the thrombus. Total treatment time was 45 minutes. Lipid encapsulated MBs (3% MRX-801, NuvOx Pharma) were infused through both the CVC and a peripheral vein. Control pigs received transthoracic US alone. Post-treatment thrombus area determined by ICE planimetry was compared with pre-treatment measurements. Results Eight randomized treatments were applied for CVC thrombi- 4 US+MB (Group A) and 4 US alone (Group B). Thrombus area measurements before and after treatment were 0.25 and 0.13 cm 2 respectively in Group A; compared to 0.27 and 0.23 cm 2 in Group B (p = 0.01). The Figure shows ICE examples of CVC thrombi before and after US+MB treatment. No alterations in oxygen saturation or hemodynamics occurred with either treatment. Conclusions Guided high MI diagnostic US+systemic MB facilitates reduction of aged CVC associated thrombi in vivo . MB enhanced sonothrombolytic therapy may be a non-invasive safe alternative to thrombolytic agents in treating thrombotic CVC occlusions.
Anti-cancer activity of targeted pro-apoptotic peptides
Authors: H. Michael Ellerby, Wadih Arap, Lisa M. Ellerby, Renate Kain, Rebecca Andrusiak, Gabriel Del Rio, Stanislaw Krajewski, Christian R. Lombardo, Rammohan Rao, Erkki Ruoslahti, Dale E. Bredesen, Renata Pasqualini
Journal: Nature Medicine (1999)
Bereavement after homicide: a descriptive study
Authors: Edward K. Rynearson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The act of homicide specifically influences the clinical presentation of subsequent bereavement. Retrospective reports of 15 individuals who lost a relative through homicide revealed cognitive, behavioral, and affective reactions associated with the homicide. Several of these reactions match those described in the DSM-III diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder, chronic or delayed type. The identification of bereaved individuals with the homicide and the therapeutic implications of bereavement after homicide are discussed.