tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
"Temporal Arteritis"
Authors: G. H. Jennings
Journal: BMJ (1948)

MEDBIRALOUR4AL 3seen.Vessels: no thrombus in portal or splenic veins or splenic artery.Aorta: no changes.Peritoneum: about 1 oz.(28 ml.) of clear yellow fluid in peritoneal cavity (right paracolic gutter).Liver: no changes.Typical old and fresh haemorrhagic cholecystitic changes.Large bile ducts: apart from thickening and oedema of the walls, no appreciable changes.The pancreatic duct was neither thickened nor obstructed and appeared quite normal.Spleen: very small and firm, 65 g., 7.5 by 5 by 1 cm.Kidneys: right, 215 g., 12.75 by 5 by 3.5 cm.; left, 230 g., 12.75 by 6 by 3 cm.; cortex, 0.8 cm.thick.Both kidneys appeared swollen and showed the variegated subcapsular surface and appearances typical of " malignant hypertension."The pancreas appeared to be swollen and harder than normal.On the surface and cut surface about ten small anaemic infarcts up to 1.1 by 1.1 cm.could be seen throughout the organ, and in the centre a large area of confluent necrosis 3.2 by 1.2 cm. was present (Plate, Fig. 1).The areas of necrosis were sharply demarcated by narrow haemorrhagic margins.There was no visible fat necrosis or anything in the nature of diffuse haeniorrhagic pancreatitis.Histology.-Thepancreas showed extensive but sharply demarcated areas of anaemic necrosis with incipient central liquefaction and narrow peripheral zones of haemorrhage (Fig. 2).In all sections of the pancreas examined, both within and outside the necrotic foci, the small arteries (about 0.2 cm.) showed extreme arteriolosclerotic changes, namely, intimal thickening and reduplication of the elastic laminae.Many of these arteries were occluded by thrombi, in some places com- pletely and in others only partially, peripheral sedimentation of platelets and fibrin having occurred, leaving the centre of the lumen patent.There was no hyalinization or other evidence of tryptic digestion of the adventitia or media of the arteries, and no evidence of periarteritic changes.The kidneys showed extensive hyaline fibrinoid infiltration of the afferent vessels of the glomeruli, with tubular atrophy and scattered congestion and haemorrhage in the stroma.Comment Clinical Picture.-Theunderlying condition in the present case was "malignant hypertension" leading to uraemia.In this respect it resembles those observed by Chiari (1900), Rossle (1921), and Klemperer and Otani (1931), but in addition there were attacks of epigastric pain unrelated to meals and radiating to the back.The last attack, beginning three weeks before death, seems to be referable to the arterial changes followed by infarction in the pancreas.Neither the picture of the local condition nor the uraemic process overshadowing it had anything in common with acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis and fat necrosis.Anatomical Findings.-"Vital reaction " in the margin of the infarcts (haemorrhages and leucocytic demarcation)
Pharmacists and knowledge of asthma: Survey of 120 pharmacists, comparison between 1999 and 2009
Authors: Marion Menier-Spitz, Hassina Lefevre, Pauline Rebotier, Christiane Heitz, Anne-Sophie Bihler, Frederic de Blay
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Asthma morbidity has changed over the ten last years, we speculated that pharmacist knowledge concerning the treatment of asthma has also changed over years.   Aim:  To compare pharmacists9 knowledge in asthma treatment in urban and rural areas between 1999 and 2009.   Material and methods:  120 pharmacists (60 licensed and 60 assistants) from the Bas-Rhin (North part of Alsace) were randomly selected on two occasions. The 20099s pharmacists were all different from the 19999s ones.  86 of them accepted to answer the same standardized questionnaire in 1999 and in 2009. Pharmacist9s populations in 1999 and in 2009 were identical (age, gender, pharmacy location (urban vs rural), ...)  Emergency interventions for an asthma attack were performed by 10.6% of them in 1999 and 8.6% in 2009 (NS). 33% of them advised patients to go back home after intervention in 1999 and 57% in 2009.  They gave advice to obtain a better compliance (96% the two years) and explained how to use an inhaler (96% in 1999 and 94% in 2009) in the same proportion. Ten years later, 98% volontarily demonstrated use of different inhalers instead of 64% in 1999 (p=10-4) (MDI, Autohaler, Turbuhaler) 14 and 9% knew how to use an MDI properly, 5 and 4% an Autohaler and 31 and 24% a Turbuhaler in 1999 and 2009, respectively. (I don9t understand this point well).  Time spend per prescription was the same in the two years (   Conclusion:  During the last 10 years, pharmacists knowledge about asthma has not increased significantly. On the other hand they were more prone to use an inhaler for a demonstration. Training pharmacists about asthma seems still necessary.
Ectopic Parathyroid Adenomas
Authors: D C Linch, L C A Watson, A G A Cowie
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1980)

Two cases of parathyroid tumours occurring in unusual situations are described. Such cases may cause difficulty in both the diagnosis and the surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism. The cases described illustrate the importance of a definitive aetiological diagnosis in hypercalcaemia, if appropriate surgery is to be performed. The value of discriminant function analysis and hydrocortisone suppression tests are discussed.
Abstract 1132: Antinflammatory role of macrophage Cyclooxygenase 2 derived prostaglandins in vivo
Authors: Yiqun Hui, Dairong Wang, Zhou Yu, Emanuela Ricciotti, Yan Cheng, Garret A FitzGerald
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including those selective for cyclooxygenase (COX) - 2 relieve pain and inflammation. Thus, suppression of COX-2 derived proinflammatory products is a cardinal feature of NSAID efficacy. The use of conventional COX-2 knockout mice to explore this biology is constrained by the multiple roles of COX-2 in development and early postnatal life. To circumvent these limitations we generated mice with tissue-specific COX-2 deletion in macrophages (COX-2 Mac−/− ) confirmed by absence of LPS inducible mRNA and protein and maximal suppression of evoked formation of thromboxane (Tx), prostacyclin (PGI 2 ) and prostaglandin E 2 by macrophages ex vivo. Deletion of macrophage COX-2 depressed LPS evoked systemic generation of these prostanoids by 35 – 40%. Surprisingly, deletion of macrophage COX-2 amplified the hypotensive response and blunted the thermal response to systemic LPS and shortened survival. Exposure of peritoneal macrophages to LPS ex vivo revealed a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in the COX-2 Mac−/− cells; higher levels of tumor necrosis factor - α and interleukin 6, but a reduction in interleukin 10. Products of COX-2 in macrophages can subserve both pro- and antinflammatory roles in vivo. Cell selective deletion of COX-2 permits delineation of cellular contributions to indices of systemic prostanoid biosynthesis and elucidation of prostanoid biology in complex multicellular disease processes, such as pertain in atherosclerosis.
Improved prognosis for infants with stage IV neuroblastoma.
Authors: C S Kretschmar, C N Frantz, E M Rosen, J R Cassady, R Levey, S E Sallan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

From 1970 to 1982 11 infants with Evans stage IV neuroblastoma who were 11 months of age or less at diagnosis were treated. All but one were treated with intensive multiagent chemotherapy; eight had attempted surgical resection; only one received radiotherapy to the primary tumor. Ten of the 11 infants remain free of disease from 2 1/2 to 13 years (median, four years). Multiagent chemotherapy has clearly improved the outcome for infants with stage IV neuroblastoma.
Costs Associated With Using Different Insulin Preparations
Authors: Tracy Tylee, Irl B. Hirsch
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Accelerating lung epithelial cell senescence in reduced CARM1 mice enhances elastase-induced emphysema
Authors: Rim S.J. Sarker, Alexander Bohla, Oana V. Amarie, Oliver Eickelberg, Ali Önder Yildirim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Emphysema, a key feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by progressive destruction of pulmonary alveoli. Emphysema development involves alveolar senescence. CARM1, an arginine methyltransferase and transcriptional cofactor, methylating histone and non-histone proteins found crucial for regulating senescence (Wang, BMC Mol Biol 2013). We therefore, hypothesized that loss of CARM1 induces alveolar epithelial cell senescence and thus enhances the susceptibility to elastase-induced emphysema.  Porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) treated C57BL/6 (WT) or CARM1+/- mice were analyzed for lung function, histology, and gene expression on day 28, 56, or 161. Alveolar epithelial type II-like murine LA-4 cells treated with CARM1-specific siRNA were analyzed for senescence by mRNA/protein expression and for functional wound healing assays.  PPE-treated WT mice showed significant progressive decline in lung function measured by Tiffeneau index, compliance and airspace enlargement quantified by mean chord length. CARM1 mRNA was downregulated during emphysema progression. PPE-treated CARM1+/- mice showed significant airspace enlargement (52,5 ± 9,6 µm versus 38,8 ± 5,5 µm, respectively SD p  The results indicate that CARM1 is an important modulator of type II alveolar epithelial cell by regulating senescence and reduction of functional CARM1 is an underlying mechanism of susceptibility to emphysema.
Bone marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia: Has outcome improved?
Authors: Jakob R. Passweg, Gérard Socié, Wolfgang Hinterberger, Andrea Bacigalupo, James C. Biggs, Bruce M. Camitta, Richard E. Champlin, Robert Peter Gale, Eliane Gluckman, Edward C. Gordon-Smith, Jill M. Hows, John P. Klein, Melodee L. Nugent, Ricardo Pasquini, Philip A. Rowlings, Bruno Speck, André Tichelli, Mei Jie Zhang, Mary M. Horowitz, Mortimer M. Bortin
Journal: Blood (1997)
Close cooperation between infectious disease physicians and attending physicians can result in better management and outcome for patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia
Authors: M. Nagao, Y. Iinuma, T. Saito, Y. Matsumura, M. Shirano, A. Matsushima, S. Takakura, Y. Ito, S. Ichiyama
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Brief Communication: Differentiation of Melanocytes in Cultures of Primary Malignant Melanoma Indicated by 5-S-Cysteinyldopa Formation 2
Authors: Christian Aubert, Evald Rosengren, Hans Rorsman, Françoise Rougé
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

The dedifferentiation of cultured primary human malignant melanocytes was not accompanied by disappearance of 5-S-cysteinyldopa formation. The addition of conditioned medium from undifferentiated fibroblast-like cells brought about the reappearance of pigmented melanocytes and the increase of the metabolite in the cells and culture medium. The presence of 5-S-cysteinyldopa in cultured cells indicated the melanocytic origin of undifferentiated cells, and the increase of this metabolite was characteristic of differentiation.
Management of residual mass in advanced seminoma: results and recommendations from the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center.
Authors: H S Puc, R Heelan, M Mazumdar, H Herr, J Scheinfeld, V Vlamis, D F Bajorin, G J Bosl, P Mencel, R J Motzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE Guidelines for management of postchemotherapy residual mass in patients with advanced seminoma remain controversial. We sought to characterize independent prognostic factor(s) for persistence of tumor to identify patients with a high risk of residual carcinoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred four patients with advanced seminoma were assessed. All had achieved a complete response or partial response with normal markers to induction cisplatin-based chemotherapy and had radiographs available for review. Selected prechemotherapy and postchemotherapy characteristics were compared for patients who had either germ cell tumor histology at surgery or relapsed at the assessed site (defined as site failure) versus those who had only necrosis or fibrosis found at surgery and did not relapse at the assessed site (defined as site nonfailure). RESULTS At a median follow-up time of 47 months (range, 5 to 153), 94 patients (90%) were designated as site nonfailures and 10 (10%) as site failures. Site failure correlated only with size of the residual mass (&lt; 3 cm or normal v &gt; or = 3 cm; P = .0006). Two of 74 patients (3%) with residual masses less than 3 cm were considered site failures, compared with eight of 30 (27%) with residual masses &gt; or = 3 cm. CONCLUSION Patients with advanced seminoma who have normal radiographs or residual masses less than 3 cm after chemotherapy can be observed without further intervention. The following three options exist for patients with a residual mass &gt; or = 3 cm: observation, radiotherapy, or surgical intervention. We prefer the latter to define response, resect viable tumor when possible, and direct further treatment.
Health status impact of ciprofloxacin dry powder for inhalation in patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
Authors: Barbara Hampel, Olaf Schoeman, Peter Reimnitz, Paul Jones, Robert Wilson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Potentially pathogenic microorganisms (PPMs) frequently colonize lungs of bronchiectatic patients, often leading to pulmonary exacerbations. This phase II, randomized, double-blind study assessed the safety and efficacy of ciprofloxacin dry powder for inhalation (DPI) – a formulation (PulmoSphere™) using the T-326 inhaler – over 28 days in patients with sputum culture positive for predefined PPMs.   Objective:  To test the effect of ciprofloxacin DPI on bacterial load and health status in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (non-CF BE) patients.   Methods:  124 adult, non-CF BE patients (mean baseline characteristics: age 63, 34% male, FEV1 56% of predicted) received 32.5mg ciprofloxacin (50 mg ciprofloxacin DPI) or matching placebo twice daily for 28 days with a 56-day follow-up. In addition to the primary endpoint (reduction in total bacterial load in sputum at end of treatment [EOT]), patient-reported health status was assessed with the St George9s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).   Results:  Ciprofloxacin DPI reduced bacterial load at EOT (–3.6 vs –0.3 logs,  p  p =0.059, 95% confidence interval –7.3 to 0.1), close to a clinically relevant (–4) improvement. The trend lasted for 4 weeks after EOT (difference –3.0) but was not maintained at 8 weeks after EOT (difference –0.83). SGRQ domain scores, responder and per-protocol analyses confirmed the trend.   Conclusions:  Ciprofloxacin DPI clearly trended towards improving patient-reported health status in non-CF BE measured with the SGRQ, which lasted for 4 weeks after treatment finished. Further study is required to confirm the results.
UBA1: At the Crossroads of Ubiquitin Homeostasis and Neurodegeneration
Authors: Ewout J.N. Groen, Thomas H. Gillingwater
Journal: Trends in Molecular Medicine (2015)

Neurodegenerative diseases are a leading cause of disability and early death. A common feature of these conditions is disruption of protein homeostasis. Ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 1 (UBA1), the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, sits at the apex of the ubiquitin cascade and represents an important regulator of cellular protein homeostasis. Critical contributions of UBA1-dependent pathways to the regulation of homeostasis and degeneration in the nervous system are emerging, including specific disruption of UBA1 in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and Huntington's disease (HD). In this review we discuss recent findings that put UBA1 at the centre of cellular homeostasis and neurodegeneration, highlighting the potential for UBA1 to act as a promising therapeutic target for a range of neurodegenerative diseases.
Characteristics of patients with persistent airflow obstruction from an asthma clinic
Authors: Elisavet Konstantellou, Andriana Papaioannou, Stelios Loukides, Filippos Emmanouil, Anastasia Papaporfuriou, Georgios Hillas, Spyros Papiris, Nikolaos Koulouris, Petros Bakakos, Konstantinos Kostikas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objectives: To identify differences in clinical, functional and inflammatory characteristics between asthmatic patients with and without persistent airflow obstruction.  Methods: 170 patients were recruited from two asthma clinics of the University of Athens. Patients9 demographics, pulmonary function tests, inflammatory cells in induced sputum, bronchial hyperresponsiveness to methacholine (PD15) and treatment were recorded. Persistent airflow obstruction was defined according to the criteria of Kaminska et al.(J All Clin Immunol 2009;124:45-51).  Results: 60 patients (35.3%) had persistent airflow obstruction. Besides differences in simple spirometry values, those patients had decreased DLco, lower PD15 and exhaled NO, and higher sputum eosinophil and neutrophil counts. 71.7% of patients with persistent obstruction fulfilled ATS criteria for severe refractory asthma (SRA), in contrast to 4.5% in the group without persistent obstruction. A cluster analysis identified two clinically relevant clusters: Cluster 1 (n=89, not related to persistent airflow obstruction) included patients not receiving high doses of ICS or oral corticosteroids (CS), with higher PD15 to methacholine, no smoking history and no criteria for SRA; Cluster 2 (n=19, related to persistent airflow obstruction) included patients receiving high doses of ICS and oral CS, lower PD15, again no smoking history, but no criteria for SRA.  Conclusions: Patients with persistent airflow limitation present different functional and inflammatory characteristics and may be classified in separate clusters.
Bronchoalveolar lavage findings in a young adult with idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis and coeliac disease
Authors: D Bouros, P Panagou, T Rokkas, NM Siafakas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis is a rare disease of unknown autoimmune aetiology, mainly affecting children and adolescents. A variety of coexisting autoimmune diseases have been described, including coeliac disease. We describe the case of a man, aged 19 yrs, presenting with a one year history of recurrent haemoptysis. Gluten and gliadin antibodies were positive, and the jejunal biopsy revealed villous atrophy consistent with the diagnosis of coeliac disease. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis showed a mean haemosiderin score (Golde index) of 240, and a local suppressor/cytotoxic profile on immunocytology. Both clinical and immunological improvement was obtained after a month of gluten-free diet. These immunological findings provide new insight into the pathogenesis of this disease.
Analysis of cumulative probabilities shows that the efficacy of 5HT3 antagonist prophylaxis is not maintained.
Authors: R de Wit, P I Schmitz, J Verweij, M de Boer-Dennert, P H de Mulder, A S Planting, M E van der Burg, G Stoter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE Several investigators have reported that the efficacy of 5HT3 receptor antagonists is maintained over repeated cycles of chemotherapy. These investigators presented conditional probabilities of protection. Because conditional analyses by definition only include patients with protection in previous cycles, the results are flattered. PATIENTS AND METHODS We applied a novel statistical approach to investigate whether the efficacy of the 5HT3 receptor antagonist ICS 205-930 (tropisetron) is maintained over repeated cycles of weekly high-dose cisplatin. Overall protection was determined based on cumulative probabilities with the Kaplan-Meier method. Complete protection was calculated with a three state model for transitional probabilities. Eighty-three patients were studied. RESULTS Over six consecutive cycles, protection against both acute and delayed emesis decreased significantly. The initial complete and overall protection rates against acute emesis of 71% and 95%, respectively, decreased to 43% and 72% in the sixth cycle of chemotherapy. Similarly, the protection rates of 31% and 68% against delayed emesis decreased to 6% and 40%, respectively. CONCLUSION We conclude that overall and complete long-term protection is more accurately measured by cumulative probabilities than with a method that is based on conditional probabilities. Our statistical approach shows that the efficacy of 5HT3 antagonists is not maintained.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta Associated with Dendriform Pulmonary Ossification
Authors: Miwa Morikawa, Yuh Fukuda, Yasuhiro Terasaki, Harumi Itoh, Yoshiki Demura, Masato Sasaki, Yoshiaki Imamura, Chisato Honjo, Yukihiro Umeda, Masaki Anzai, Shingo Ameshima, Takeshi Ishizaki, Tamotsu Ishizuka
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Osteogenesis Imperfecta Associated with Dendriform Pulmonary Ossification Miwa Morikawa, Yuh Fukuda, Yasuhiro Terasaki, Harumi Itoh, Yoshiki Demura, Masato Sasaki, Yoshiaki Imamura, Chisato Honjo, Yukihiro Umeda, Masaki Anzai, Shingo Ameshima, Takeshi Ishizaki, and Tamotsu Ishizuka Third Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Radiology, University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences, Fukui, Japan; Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Itabashi Chuo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Analytic Human Pathology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan; Division of Thoracic Surgery and Division of Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, Fukui, Japan; and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan