tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic analysis of familial isolated growth hormone deficiency type I.
Authors: J A Phillips, J S Parks, B L Hjelle, J E Herd, L P Plotnick, C J Migeon, P H Seeburg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Nuclear DNA from individuals belonging to nine different families in which two sibs were affected with isolated growth hormone deficiency type I were studied by restriction endonuclease analysis. By using 32P-labeled human growth hormone or the homologous human chorionic somatomammotropin complementary DNA (cDNA) sequences as a probe, the growth hormone genes of affected individuals from all families yielded normal restriction patterns. Polymorphic restriction endonuclease sites (HincII and MspI), which are closely linked to the structural gene for growth hormone on chromosome 17, were used as markers in linkage analysis of DNA of family members. Of the nine affected sib pairs two were concordant, three were possibly concordant, and four were discordant for both linked markers. Since only concordant sib pairs would have inherited the same growth hormone alleles, further studies to identify mutations of the growth hormone genes should be limited to this subgroup. It is unlikely that the discordance observed in four of the sib pairs is due to recombination, because the polymorphic HincII site is only 116 base-pairs from the -26 codon of the growth hormone gene. Thus, in at least four of the nine families, the mutation responsible for isolated growth hormone deficiency is not within or near the structural gene for growth hormone on chromosome 17.
Suicide: Understanding and Responding, Harvard Medical School Perspectives
Authors: L. D. Hanoff
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This is a volume that updates the field of suicidology and provides the clinician with a comprehensive textbook on the subject. Thirty-three authors follow an orderly and economic format, resulting in a systematic offering on all significant patient checkpoints and portals into the care system where suicidological issues may arise. A recurrent theme fundamental to the field of suicide and its prevention is the complex, multidetermined perspective required for study. From the molecular through the international, every level in the biological hierarchy has a bearing on suicidal acts. Any public health issue of consequence, such as suicide, invokes such a consciousness of its complexity. It is, however, an awareness particularly important in the case of suicide because of the deep values touched on by the act of suicide and the efforts at prevention. The topic of suicide touches the most fundamental of human concerns, death, and evokes every ideological facet
The New York Case: Lessons Being Learned
Authors: Thomas R. Frieden
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters15 November 2005The New York Case: Lessons Being LearnedThomas R. Frieden, MD, MPHThomas R. Frieden, MD, MPHFrom the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10013.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-143-10-200511150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Volberding (1) raises concerns about the handling of a case of highly drug-resistant, rapidly progressive HIV infection in a man who had many anonymous high-risk sexual contacts (2). Several issues should be clarified. We agree with Volberding's statement that the patient's infection was “extremely rare” and that we do not know if it has or will spread. Contact investigation began weeks before our public announcement but was of limited value because of the anonymous nature of the great majority of contacts (3).Public health has a duty to warn the public. Our announcement was intended to, and ...References1. Volberding PA. The New York case: lessons being learned [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:866-8. [PMID: 15845950] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Markowitz M, Mohri H, Mehandru S, Shet A, Berry L, Kalyanaraman R, et al. Infection with multidrug resistant, dual-tropic HIV-1 and rapid progression to AIDS: a case report. Lancet. 2005;365:1031-8. [PMID: 15781098] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene. Alert #7: primary 3-drug-class-resistant HIV-1 infection with rapid CD4+ T cell depletion and progression to AIDS in a New York City man who has sex with men. 2005. Accessed at www.nyc.gov/html/doh/downloads/pdf/cd/05md07.pdf on 3 May 2005. Google Scholar4. Little SJ, Holte S, Routy JP, Daar ES, Markowitz M, Collier AC, et al. Antiretroviral-drug resistance among patients recently infected with HIV. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:385-94. [PMID: 12167680] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Shet A, Mohri H, Berry L. Transmission of drug resistant HIV-1 in patients with acute and early HIV-1 infection in 2003 to 2004 [Poster abstract]. Presented at the 12th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections, Boston, Massachusetts, 22-25 February 2005. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY 10013.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe New York Case: Lessons Being Learned Paul A. Volberding Metrics 15 November 2005Volume 143, Issue 10Page: 760KeywordsDrugsEpidemiologyFearForecastingHIVHIV infectionsHuman sexual behaviorPrevention, policy, and public healthSubstance abuse ePublished: 15 November 2005 Issue Published: 15 November 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Long-term survival after nonintensive chemotherapy in some juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia patients with CBL mutations, and the possible presence of healthy persons with the mutations
Authors: Kazuyuki Matsuda, Chiaki Taira, Kazuo Sakashita, Shoji Saito, Miyuki Tanaka-Yanagisawa, Ryu Yanagisawa, Yozo Nakazawa, Masaaki Shiohara, Keitaro Fukushima, Megumi Oda, Takayuki Honda, Tatsutoshi Nakahata, Kenichi Koike
Journal: Blood (2010)
Abstract 4698: Inhibition of histone deacetylase (HDAC) 3 induces hyperacetylation and inhibition of nuclear heat shock protein (hsp) 90 leading to depletion of ATR and CHK1 with sensitization to DNA damage in breast and cervical cancer cells
Authors: Kyungsoo Ha, Warren Fiskus, Ramesh Balusu, Rekha Rao, Sreedhar Venkannagari, Kapil N. Bhalla
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have recently reported that in addition to checkpoint kinase 1 (CHK1), ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and Rad3- related (ATR) is chaperoned by hsp90. Treatment of breast and cervical cancer cells with hsp90 inhibitor induces proteasomal degradation and depletion of ATR and CHK1. This results in impairment of the DNA damage response (DDR) and causes sensitization to α-irradiation and replication stress due to hydroxyurea (Mol Cancer Ther 10:1194, 3011). In the present studies, we determined that treatment with pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor panobinostat (20 to 50 nM) or vorinostat (0.5 to 2 μM) induced polyubiquitylation and depletion of ATR and CHK1. Co-treatment with bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, restored PS-mediated depletion of ATR and CHK1. Notably, treatment with panobinostat induced hyperacetylation of both nuclear and cytoplasmic hsp90. This inhibited the chaperone association of nuclear hsp90 with ATR and CHK1, thereby promoting their degradation. PS treatment induced γ-H2AX levels, which were inhibited by co-treatment with N-acetylcysteine, suggesting that PS-induced ROS is involved in DNA damage. Moreover, PS treatment further increased α-irradiation induced DNA damage and its repair, characterized by the increase in α-irradiation-induced comet tail moment and the lack of DNA repair-mediated attenuation of the comet tail moment. To determine which class I HDAC is involved in deacetylation of nuclear hsp90, we individually knocked down (KD) HDAC 1, 2 and 3, by utilizing specific shRNA, and determined the effect on nuclear hsp90 hyperacetylation and the levels of ATR and CHK1. Our findings show that HDAC3 binds to hsp90 and KD of HDAC3, but not of HDAC1 or 2, caused hyperacetylation of nuclear hsp90 and depletion of ATR and CHK1. This was also observed in HDAC3 null mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Ectopic overexpression of HDAC3 inhibited nuclear hsp90 acetylation in transformed cells. These findings demonstrate that HDAC3 is the nuclear hsp90 lysine deacetylase. They also demonstrate that genetic KD of HDAC3, or its inhibition by pan-HDAC inhibitors, induces hyperacetylation of hsp90, mediates loss of hsp90 chaperone association and depletion of ATR and CHK1, abrogates α-irradiation-induced DDR, and results in sensitization of transformed cells to DNA damage due to α-irradiation or replication stress. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4698. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4698
Molecular biology and coeliac disease.
Authors: P D Howdle, G E Blair
Journal: Gut (1992)

Leading article Molecular biology and coeliac diseaseIn clinical and pathological terms our descriptive understanding of coeliac disease is extensive.'In recent years our understanding ofthe immunology ofcoeliac disease, together with that of mucosal immunology in general, has rapidly increased.23Several basic questions remain, however.What part of wheat gluten is involved in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease?Why are some people predisposed to develop the disease?How is the characteristic pathological lesion pro- duced?Are other environmental factors involved?The application of molecular biological techniques may well illumine our understanding of these questions.
Sequence Signatures of Nucleosome Positioning in <i>Caenorhabditis Elegans</i>
Authors: Kaifu Chen, Lei Wang, Meng Yang, Jiucheng Liu, Chengqi Xin, Songnian Hu, Jun Yu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2010)

Abstract Our recent investigation in the protist Trichomonas vaginalis suggested a DNA sequence periodicity with a unit length of 120.9 nt, which represents a sequence signature for nucleosome positioning. We now extended our observation in higher eukaryotes and identified a similar periodicity of 175 nt in length in Caenorhabditis elegans. In the process of defining the sequence compositional characteristics, we found that the 10.5-nt periodicity, the sequence signature of DNA double helix, may not be sufficient for cross-nucleosome positioning but provides essential guiding rails to facilitate positioning. We further dissected nucleosome-protected sequences and identified a strong positive purine (AG) gradient from the 5′-end to the 3′-end, and also learnt that the nucleosome-enriched regions are GC-rich as compared to the nucleosome-free sequences as purine content is positively correlated with GC content. Sequence characterization allowed us to develop a hidden Markov model (HMM) algorithm for decoding nucleosome positioning computationally, and based on a set of training data from the fifth chromosome of C. elegans, our algorithm predicted 60%-70% of the well-positioned nucleosomes, which is 15%-20% higher than random positioning. We concluded that nucleosomes are not randomly positioned on DNA sequences and yet bind to different genome regions with variable stability, well-positioned nucleosomes leave sequence signatures on DNA, and statistical positioning of nucleosomes across genome can be decoded computationally based on these sequence signatures.
Retrieval of an Impacted Mechanical Lithotripsy Basket
Authors: E. K. W. Ng, J. Y. W. Lau, S. C. S. Chung, A. K. C. Li
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

See also: Dormia Baskets Impacted in the Bile Duct: Release by Extracorporeal Shock-Wave LithotripsyEndoscopy 1995; 27(05): 384-387DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1005718
Michael John Stone
Authors: Pauline A Stone
Journal: BMJ (2005)

General practitioner Lye, Stourbridge (b Rugby 1953; q Bristol 1977; DRCOG, MRCGP), died from metastatic cancer (unknown primary) on 25 June 2005.

Mike joined the Royal Army Medical Corps in 1981 and was posted to Berlin and Hong Kong. In 1987 he joined the small urban general practice in Lye where he remained a principal partner until shortly before his illness and death. In addition he had an interest in gastroenterology and was employed as a clinical assistant endoscopist from 1988 to 2005. He was also a police surgeon. Mike enjoyed sailing and spent time as medical officer on the Jubilee Sailing Trust's tall ship the Lord Nelson, which allows both the physically disabled and able bodied to participate in crewing a tall ship. He leaves a wife, Jean, and two daughters.
Letter by Wells and Eisenberg Regarding Article, “Statins for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women With Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein or Dyslipidemia: Results From the Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: An Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER) and Meta-Analysis of Women From Primary Prevention Trials”
Authors: Martin T. Wells, Theodore Eisenberg
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
Authors: Robert I. Cano
Journal: JAMA (1975)

A 31-year-old white woman had idiopathic acute fatty liver of pregnancy. Shortly after admission to the hospital, it became apparent that she was also suffering from disseminated intravascular coagulation. This was treated with heparin sodium, resulting in cessation of overt bleeding and laboratory evidence of moderate abatement of her coagulation abnormalities. Nevertheless, both patient and fetus died. This case report reemphasizes the need for recognition and therapy for the nonhepatic complications of this syndrome. (<i>JAMA</i>231:159-161, 1975)
Recently primed CD8+ T cells entering the liver induce hepatocytes to interact with naïve CD8+ T cells in the mouse
Authors: Nektarios Dikopoulos, Ursula Wegenka, Andrea Kröger, Hansjörg Hauser, Reinhold Schirmbeck, Jörg Reimann
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Large number of T cells traffic through the liver. In order to examine the effects of such traffic on the phenotype of hepatocytes, we vaccinated mice using DNA vaccines encoding antigens with MHC class I-binding epitopes. Small numbers of activated CD8(+) T blasts (10(5)-10(6)/liver) changed the surface phenotype and cytokine expression profile of hepatocytes (HCs). HCs upregulate surface expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules and CD1d but not MHC class II molecules Qa-1, CD80, CD86, CD54, or CD95; in addition, they expressed/secreted interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-4 but not IL-1, IL-6, IL-13, interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF), IL-4, or IL-27 (i.e., they acquire the HC* phenotype). HCs* (but not HCs) induced specific activation, proliferation, and IFN-gamma, TNF, and IL-13 release of cocultured naïve CD8(+) T cells. In contrast to the specific activation of naïve CD8(+) T cells by dendritic cells (DCs), specific CD8(+) T cell activation by HC* was not down-modulated by IFN-alphabeta. Only recently activated CD8(+) T blasts (but not recently activated CD4(+) T blasts or activated cells of the innate immune system, including natural killer T [NKT] cells) induced the HC* phenotype that is prominent from day 10 to day 20 postvaccination (i.e., time points at which peak numbers of recently primed CD8(+) T blasts are found in the liver). In conclusion, recently activated CD8(+) T blasts that enter the liver postimmunization in small numbers can transiently modulate the phenotype of HC, allowing them to activate naïve CD8(+) T cells with unrelated specificities.
LEFT VENTRICULAR UNLOADING IMPROVES DYSSYNCHRONY BOTH DURING SYSTOLE AND DIASTOLE IN AN ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION MODEL
Authors: John Terrovitis, Iraklis Pozios, Nickolaos Diakos, Lampros Katsaros, Konstantinos Malliaras, Eleni Tseliou, Nickolaos Michelinakis, Styliani Vakrou, Christos Kapelios, Apostolos Papalois, Argyrios Ntalianis, John Nanas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
PR-39, a proline/arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide, exerts cardioprotective effects in myocardial ischemia–reperfusion
Authors: Y Ikeda
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

PR-39, a proline/arginine-rich antimicrobial peptide, has been shown to inhibit the NADPH oxidase activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) by blocking assembly of this enzyme. We hypothesized that PR-39 could attenuate PMN-induced cardiac dysfunction by suppression of superoxide production.We examined the effects of PR-39 in isolated ischemic (20 min) and reperfused (45 min) rat hearts administered PMNs at the onset of reperfusion.PR-39 (4 or 10 microg/ml) given i.v. 30 min prior to ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) significantly improved left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP, P<0.01) and the maximal rate of development of LVDP (i.e. +dP/dt max, P<0.01) compared to I-R hearts obtained from rats given 0.9% NaCl. PR-39-treated PMNs (10 microg/ml) also significantly attenuated cardiac contractile dysfunction after I-R (P<0.01). Superoxide release was significantly reduced (P<0.01) in N-formylmethionyl-leucylphenylalanine stimulated PMNs pretreated with 4 or 10 microg/ml PR-39. PR-39 also significantly attenuated P-selectin expression on the rat coronary microvascular endothelium and CD18 upregulation in rat PMNs. In addition, PR-39 significantly reduced PMN vascular adherence and infiltration into the post-ischemic myocardium.These results provide evidence that PR-39 significantly attenuates PMN-induced cardiac contractile dysfunction in the I-R rat heart at least in part via suppression of superoxide release. This cardioprotection occurred both by inhibition of PMN and endothelial NADPH oxidase.
Faster vaccination response is needed to curb effects of flu pandemics, study concludes
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

To substantially reduce illness, deaths, and costs from severe flu pandemics, vaccination campaigns need to be launched much sooner than they were in the United States during the H1N1 “swine flu” pandemic in 2009, a new computer modeling study indicates. 

The study appears in the current issue of Annals of Internal Medicine .1 Nayer Khazeni of the Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Stanford University Medical Center in Stanford, California, was the study’s lead author.

Large scale vaccination against H1N1 influenza A in 2009 did not occur in the US until nine months after the beginning of the pandemic, by which time two waves of infections had already passed through the population. Fortunately, the virus proved to be far less virulent than was initially thought, and the death rate …
Cooperation, evolution, and culture
Authors: Michael Alvard
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Rejecting evolutionary principles is a mistake, because evolutionary processes produced the irrational human minds for which Colman argues. An evolved cultural ability to acquire information socially and infer other's mental states (mind-reading) evokes Stackelberg reasoning. Much of game theory, however, assumes away information transfer and excludes the very solution that natural selection likely created to solve the problem of cooperation.
Changes in Vertebral Bone Density in Black Girls and White Girls during Childhood and Puberty
Authors: Vicente Gilsanz, Thomas F. Roe, Stefano Mora, Gertrude Costin, William G. Goodman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

The prevalence of osteoporosis and the incidence of vertebral fractures are lower in black women than in white women, findings generally attributed to racial differences in adult bone mass. Little is known, however, about the factors that contribute to racial variations in bone mass or the time of life when such differences become manifest. This study was done to characterize the changes in vertebral bone density at various stages of sexual development in black and white females.We measured cancellous vertebral bone density by quantitative computed tomography in 75 black female subjects between 2 and 20 years old and 75 whites matched for age and stage of sexual development.The vertebral bone density did not differ between black girls and white girls before puberty. Bone density increased during puberty in each racial group, but the magnitude of the increase from prepubertal values was substantially greater in black than in white subjects (34 percent vs. 11 percent).The marked difference between black and white females in cancellous vertebral bone density occurs during a relatively brief period late in puberty. Metabolic and hormonal events related to the achievement of sexual maturity during adolescence may be important determinants of racial differences in bone mass in women.
Cole Porter's Eventful Nights and Days
Authors: Howard Markel
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Toll of Innate Immunity on Microbial Pathogens
Authors: R L Modlin, H D Brightbill, P J Godowski
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The survival of each animal species depends on its ability to recognize invading pathogens and respond to them rapidly. Many such defenses against microbes are innate rather than adaptive to the particular pathogen. Just as infants instinctively respond to the auditory and visual cues of their parents, so the immune system is programmed to recognize biochemical patterns displayed by microbial pathogens and mount rapid responses to them. The innate immune system includes macrophages and natural killer cells, which may act directly on the pathogen or, by releasing cytokines and expressing certain other stimulatory molecules, trigger adaptive immune responses by activating . . .
Case 25-2007
Authors: Mandakolathur R. Murali, Bonnie T. Mackool, Victorine V. Muse, Artur Zembowicz, Judith A. Ferry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

A 60-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of 5 months of fatigue and weight loss and the recent onset of arthralgias, odynophagia, rash, and fever. On examination, the rash involved the facial cheeks and the upper chest and back. There was palpable cervical, axillary, and inguinal lymphadenopathy. Imaging studies showed focal lung consolidation and intrathoracic and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy. A diagnostic procedure was performed.
Convulsions Following Intrapleural Administration of Quinacrine Hydrochloride
Authors: Ivan Borda
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Convulsions developed in two patients after intrapleural administration of quinacrine hydrochloride for malignant effusions. Status epilepticus, resulting in death, occurred in one patient. A possible causal relationship may have been accentuated by corticosteroid therapy.