tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of disease activity measures for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis
Authors: P A Merkel, D D Cuthbertson, B Hellmich, G S Hoffman, D R W Jayne, C G M Kallenberg, J P Krischer, R Luqmani, A D Mahr, E L Matteson, U Specks, J H Stone
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

Aim: Currently, several different instruments are used to measure disease activity and extent in clinical trials of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis, leading to division among investigative groups and difficulty comparing study results. An exercise comparing six different vasculitis instruments was performed. Methods: A total of 10 experienced vasculitis investigators from 5 countries scored 20 cases in the literature of Wegener granulomatosis or microscopic polyangiitis using 6 disease assessment tools: the Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS), The BVAS for Wegener granulomatosis (BVAS/WG), BVAS 2003, a Physician Global Assessment (PGA), the Disease Extent Index (DEI) and the Five Factor Score (FFS). Five cases were rescored by all raters. Results: Reliability of the measures was extremely high (intraclass correlations for the six measures all = 0.98). Within each instrument, there were no significant differences or outliers among the scores from the 10 investigators. Test/retest reliability was high for each measure: range = 0.77 to 0.95. The scores of the five acute activity measures correlated extremely well with one another. Conclusions: Currently available tools for measuring disease extent and activity in ANCA-associated vasculitis are highly correlated and reliable. These results provide investigators with confidence to compare different clinical trial data and helps form common ground as international research groups develop new, improved and universally accepted vasculitis disease assessment instruments.
RISK FACTOR BURDEN IN DIABETIC ADULTS WITH KNOWN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IS ASSOCIATED WITH LEFT VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY AND DYSFUNCTION: THE STRONG HEART STUDY
Authors: Richard B. Devereux, Giovanni De Simone, Mary J. Roman, Elisa T. Lee, Lyle G. Best, Barbara V. Howard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Mast cells and IgE in intestinal mucosa in adult atopic dermatitis patients
Authors: K. KALIMO, K. LAMMINTAUSTA, P. KLEMI, R. LEINO, P. PANULA, H. KALIMO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Mast cells and IgE in intestinal mucosa in adult atopic dermatitis patients Get access K. KALIMO, K. KALIMO Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, SF‐2O52O Turku, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. LAMMINTAUSTA, K. LAMMINTAUSTA Department of Dermatology, University of Turku, SF‐2O52O Turku, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. KLEMI, P. KLEMI Department of Pathology, University of Turku, SF‐2O52O Turku, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. LEINO, R. LEINO Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turku, SF‐2O52O Turku, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. PANULA, P. PANULA Department of Anatomy, University of Helsinki, SF‐00170 Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. KALIMO H. KALIMO Department of Pathology, University of Turku, SF‐2O52O Turku, Finland Dr K. Kalimo. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 5, 1 November 1988, Pages 579–585, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03468.x Published: 01 November 1988
Production of oxidative products of nitric oxide in infarcted human heart
Authors: Kazuhide Akiyama, Akio Kimura, Hiroshi Suzuki, Youichi Takeyama, Tracy L Gluckman, Artin Terhakopian, Takashi Katagiri, Ki-Young Suh, James Roseto, Richard J Bing
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Get the interface right and EHRs can be implemented
Authors: S. Ford
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Electronic health records (EHRs) are essential. It’s been over 30 years since we first thought of implementing them: we got to the moon in less than 10. Why so slow? Haughom, perhaps unintentionally, gives the causes of failure.1

His managerial vocabulary and the assumptions and attitudes implicit in his text are revealing. I’d rather be a patient …
FURTHER RESULTS WITH OVARIAN IMPLANTATION
Authors: W. L. ESTES
Journal: JAMA (1924)

In pelvic inflammatory disease the belief is common that operative intervention is the court of last resort, and that the removal of all diseased tissues is demanded to insure restoration of the health of the patient. In many acute or subacute lesions, the involvement of the pelvic viscera is so complete that nothing short of bilateral oophorosalpingectomy, with or without hysterectomy, is advisable. In chronic or less extensive lesions, more latitude in judgment and greater possibility for conservative measures are offered. Nevertheless, it is customary to feel that the preservation of menstruation by the retention of the uterus and an ovary is the best the patient can expect and sterility the invariable price the sufferer must pay. Because the disease itself destroys the fallopian tube, the path of the ovum from the ovary to the uterus, opportunity for pregnancy seems past, and the surgeon's sole duty is to restore the
Introduction to Psychiatry
Authors: Jane E. Oltman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

A textbook which reaches its third edition within eight years is obviously meritorious. The authors' avowed intention to present a basic psychiatric text oriented along psychoanalytic lines has been successfully fulfilled. The organization of the book follows classical lines: several preliminary chapters devoted to a brief review of psychiatric history, discussion of personality development and mental mechanisms, and history-taking and examination precede a clinical presentation of the neuroses, personality problems, and psychoses; this is followed by a section devoted to therapy. There are also two chapters on child psychiatry and mental retardation. In this book, description and interpretation go hand in hand. The section devoted to the neurotic reactions and personality disorders is admirable. Couched in clearly enunciated psychoanalytic terms which the student can comprehend, it imparts clarity and understanding to a difficult field. This field is obviously hallowed ground to the authors; they have tilled and nurtured it with
A Nameless Secret Remedy.
Authors: Edwin J. Kuh
Journal: JAMA (1896)

Chicago, June 12, 1896. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the June 6, 1896, number of theJournal of the American Medical Association, the agent of an Iowa secret remedy for diphtheria states that Dr. Matter and the consulting physician had pronounced a patient suffering from pneumonia beyond recovery, and that the life of this patient had been saved by the nostrum which he advertises. As I was the consultant in question, I wish to state that neither Dr. Matter nor myself had pronounced the patient beyond recovery, but merely pointed out the doubtfulness of the prognosis in view of the advanced age of the patient and of the severity of the infection. This is a precaution which no responsible physician will ever omit, and requires no justification. The patient's recovery was such as we see constantly in practice, in illustration of the ability of the human organism to recover from serious
Comparison of Various Methods for Rapid Glucose Estimation
Authors: Rex S Clements, Nancy A Keane, Katharine A Kirk, Buris R Boshell
Journal: Diabetes Care (1981)

We studied the accuracy of three techniques for the rapid estimation of the blood glucose concentration with reagent strips in samples of blood from inpatients with diabetes mellitus. We observed that the visual inspection of Dextrostix gave results that were too inaccurate for this technique to be of practical clinical benefit. In contrast, when performed by registered nurses, both the Dextrostix-Eyetone method and the visual inspection of Chemstrips yielded results that were closely correlated with the measured serum glucose concentrations. With both of the latter techniques, less than 11% of the determinations varied from the actual serum glucose concentration by more than 20%. We conclude that both these techniques are sufficiently accurate to be of potential use in the home monitoring of blood glucose concentrations.
Serum Uric Acid Levels Improve Prediction of Incident Type 2 Diabetes in Individuals With Impaired Fasting Glucose: The Rancho Bernardo Study
Authors: Caroline Kaercher Kramer, Denise von Müuhlen, Simerjot Kaur Jassal, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

da and Kawai (1) point out that uric acid (UA) levels may predict incident type 2 diabetes differently in men versus women.In our article (2), UA predicted type 2 diabetes independent of age, BMI, diuretic use, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and sex.Among 566 partici-pants followed for 13 years, there were 55 new cases of type 2 diabetes (37 men and 18 women).Sex did not modify the association of UA with incident type 2 diabetes, although UA was higher in men (6.49Ϯ 1.23 mg/dl) than women (5.23 Ϯ 1.15 mg/dl, P Ͻ 0.001).In response to the suggestion by Oda and Kawai, we performed a sexstratified analysis adjusted for age, BMI, diuretic use, and estimated glomerular filtration rate.UA predicted incident type 2 diabetes in both sexes (odds ratio [95% CI] for men 1.36 [1.01-1.87],P ϭ 0.04, and women 2. 61 [1.54 -4.44], P Ͻ 0.001).However, in an analysis further stratified by glucose tolerance status, UA predicted type 2 diabetes in women with isolated impaired fasting glucose (3.12 [1.01-9.9],P ϭ 0.04) but not men (1.46 [0.82-2.6],P ϭ 0.19).
Abstract A32: Notch signaling regulates recurrence in a model of HER2 targeted therapy
Authors: Daniel L. Abravanel, Christopher J. Sterner, Tien-chi Pan, George K. Belka, Lewis A. Chodosh
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. While mortality rates have improved over the past thirty years, physicians still lack effective tools for the prevention or treatment of breast cancer recurrence. An essential first step in designing such therapies will be to elucidate the pathways that contribute to therapeutic resistance, dormancy, and recurrence. Our laboratory has developed a series of mouse models that permit the conditional activation of oncogenes in the mammary glands of mice and can be used to recapitulate key features of breast cancer progression including dormancy and recurrence after targeted therapy. In the MMTV-rtTA;TetO-neu (MTB/TAN) model, treatment with doxycycline (dox) permits mammary specific activation of HER2/neu and drives primary tumor formation. Upon removal of dox and resultant down-regulation of HER2/neu, primary tumors regress as a consequence of oncogene addiction. However, a small population of tumor cells persists in a histologically identifiable residual lesion. After a period of cellular dormancy, residual tumor cells reenter the cell cycle in a stochastic manner and give rise to recurrent tumors, independent of HER2/neu signaling. Recent evidence suggests that Notch signaling may play a role in breast cancer recurrence. For example, elevated Notch signaling in ductal carcinoma in situ lesions has been found to be associated with early recurrence after surgery. To build on these data, we analyzed microarray datasets from breast cancer patients and found that NOTCH1 expression levels are correlated with recurrence risk, suggesting that this pathway may play a role in human disease. Furthermore, in our mouse model system, we have found that Notch signaling is activated following HER2/neu downregulation. To assess the functional significance of this phenomenon, we performed in vitro clonogenic assays and in vivo recurrence assays. Activation of Notch signaling accelerated colony formation and recurrence, whereas Notch repression inhibited colony formation and recurrence. These data suggest that Notch signaling is both necessary and sufficient to promote recurrence following HER2/neu downregulation. Taken together, our data support a model in which the Notch signaling pathway provides a mechanism by which HER2/neu driven tumors can escape therapy and cause recurrent disease. As gamma secretase inhibitors are currently in late-stage clinical trials for the treatment of breast cancer, work to determine whether Notch signaling contributes to the survival and recurrence of breast cancer cells could have a significant clinical impact. The observation that Notch signaling is required for recurrence would raise the possibility that these drugs could be used to target residual tumor cells and prevent breast cancer recurrence.
Variation in hospital stay after inguinal herniorrhaphy.
Authors: M Griffiths, W E Waters, E D Acheson
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A study was carried out of 1086 men aged 16-65 inclusive who were admitted under nine consultants to eight hospitals in Wessex for elective repair of an inguinal hernia. The mean postoperative stay was 5.7 +/- SD 2.7 days. For different consultants operating at any one hospital the mean postoperative stays were similar, whereas for consultants who operated at more than one hospital they were significantly different. The postoperative stay was also significantly related to the size of the hospital, development of postoperative complications, time spent on the waiting list, type of repair used, bilateral herniorrhapy, and the use of convalescent facilities. The hospital therefore appears to exercise a greater influence in determining the mean postoperative stay than does the individual consultant.
Correlation Between Chlamydia pneumoniaeDetection From Coronary Angioplasty Balloons and Atherosclerosis Severity
Authors: Benjamin Wyplosz, Gilles Montalescot, Agathe Subtil, Annick Dujeancourt, Marie-Laure Tanguy, Rémi Choussat, Loïc Capron, Alice Dautry-Varsat
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
The "VIP" Approach to the Bedside Management of Shock
Authors: Max Harry Weil
Journal: JAMA (1969)

There is little controversy regarding the dire clinical status of the patient who presents with prostration, hypotension, pallor, coldness, moisture of the skin, collapse of superficial veins, suppression of the formation of urine, and usually, obtunded mental status. The term "shock" is descriptive of these signs and above all, communicates the ominous prognosis. The physician is prompted to minimize any delays. His diagnostic assessment is brief and his singular commitment is to therapy. The dilemma is great. At a time when the clinician is called upon to marshal the full resource of his professional judgment, he has least opportunity for careful diagnostic assessment. To the contrary, treatment may be directed primarily to a reversal of the signs of shock without reference to its underlying cause and without adequate undertanding of the mechanisms accounting for shock. Symptomatic treatment of shock often becomes the mainstay of medical management. With the establishment of
TCT-165 Ticagrelor vs Prasugrel maintenance dose in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a pharmacodynamic comparison
Authors: Ioanna Xanthopoulou, Ioanna Koniari, Vassilios Gkizas, Georgios Makris, Angelos Perperis, Georgios Raptis, Apostolos Kakkavas, Vlassopoulou Niki, Periklis Davlouros, George Hahalis, Dimitrios Alexopoulos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
TEN YEARS' EXPERIENCE WITH THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF TRACHOMA.
Authors: HAROLD GIFFORD
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Although the idea of treating trachoma surgically is at least as old as the days of ancient Greece, it received very little attention in modern times until about 1890. To be sure, occasional writers, Galezgowski, Mandelstamm, Schneller, Hotz, Prince and others, had urged upon the profession one surgical procedure or another, but when I first began to devote myself to ophthalmology in 1882 and for eight years thereafter, surgical measures had practically no place in the treatment of trachoma in a great majority of clinics in this country and in Europe. In the years 1890-92, however, ophthalmology suffered from what amounted almost to an epidemic of surgical cures for trachoma, and cutting, brushing, burning, scraping, squeezing and scarifying were recommended with an enthusiasm born of incomplete observation and hasty generalization. Nearly all of these methods were warranted to cure the great majority of cases in from one to four weeks
Neurologic Manifestations of Myxedema
Authors: Vernon Sanders
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

HeadacheHeadache, a vague, subjective symptom, often encountered, but difficult to evaluate, seems to occur quite frequently in the myxedematous patient although the underlying mechanism is not clear. The headache is usually described as chronic, recurrent, bilateral and diffuse, and quite unlike sinusitis, migraine, eyestrain and the incidental headache. In the Georgetown series 14 per cent of 109 patients complained of headache.It is admitted that most of the studies incriminating headache and myxedema are purely clinical observations, lacking adequate controls, satisfactory diagnostic criteria and clear historical delineation from other types of headache.78 , 79 For example, Jones80 excluded all the usual . . .
Chronic Fine and Coarse Particulate Exposure, Mortality, and Coronary Heart Disease in the Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Robin C. Puett, Jaime E. Hart, Jeff D Yanosky, Christopher Paciorek, Joel Schwartz, Helen Suh, Frank E Speizer, Francine Laden
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

The relationship of fine particulate matter < 2.5 microm in diameter (PM(2.5)) air pollution with mortality and cardiovascular disease is well established, with more recent long-term studies reporting larger effect sizes than earlier long-term studies. Some studies have suggested the coarse fraction, particles between 2.5 and 10 microm (PM(10-2.5)), may also be important. With respect to mortality and cardiovascular events, questions remain regarding the relative strength of effect sizes for chronic exposure to fine and coarse particles.We examined the relationship of chronic PM(2.5) and PM(10-2.5) exposures with all-cause mortality and fatal and nonfatal incident coronary heart disease (CHD), adjusting for time-varying covariates.The current study included women from the Nurses' Health Study living in metropolitan areas of the northeastern and midwestern United States. Follow-up was from 1992 to 2002. We used geographic information systems-based spatial smoothing models to estimate monthly exposures at each participant's residence.We found increased risk of all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR), 1.26; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.02-1.54] and fatal CHD (HR = 2.02; 95% CI, 1.07-3.78) associated with each 10-microg/m(3) increase in annual PM(2.5) exposure. The association between fatal CHD and PM(10-2.5) was weaker.Our findings contribute to growing evidence that chronic PM(2.5) exposure is associated with risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
Immunoglobulin classes in skin basement membrane in systemic lupus erythematosus: clinical significance and comparison with classes of serum anti-DNA antibodies.
Authors: B Bresnihan, G.M Hale, C.C Bunn, G.R Hughes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Breathing pattern disorder (BPD) is an abnormal breathing pattern associated with biochemical, biomechanical and psychophysiological changes. While physiotherapy is often offered, limited evidence-based therapies for BPD are available. Music therapy-based singing exercises have been shown to improve quality of life for individuals with respiratory conditions and may also be beneficial for individuals living with BPD. No study has previously compared these participatory interventions in the treatment of people living with BPD. <h3>Methods and analysis</h3> This is a study protocol for an assessor blinded 1:1 randomised controlled trial and qualitative interview study. Forty participants aged 18–40 years who score at least 19 on the Nijmegen Questionnaire (NQ) and do not have any underlying respiratory conditions will be recruited. Participants will be randomised to receive either physiotherapy-led or music therapy-led breathing exercises for 6 weeks. The primary outcome will be between-group difference in NQ post-intervention. Semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of participants will be performed. Qualitative data will be analysed using thematic analysis to better understand participants’ intervention and trial experiences. <h3>Ethics and dissemination</h3> This study has received ethical approval by Brunel University London College of Health, Medicine and Life Science’s Research Ethics Committee (32483-MHR-Mar/2022-38624-3). The anonymised completed dataset will be made available as an open-access file via Brunel University London Figshare and the manuscript containing anonymised patient data will be published in an open-access journal. <h3>Trial registration number</h3> This trial is registered on the Open Science Framework Registry (https://osf.io/u3ncw).
Nonspecific activation of murine lymphocytes. I. Proliferation and polyclonal activation induced by 2-mercaptoethanol and alpha-thioglycerol.
Authors: M G Goodman, W O Weigle
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

The effect of 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) and alpha-thioglycerol (alpha TG) on proliferation and polyclonal activation of lymphocytes was studied in cultures of spleen cells from C3H mice. Inclusion in serum-free or serum-containing medium of the optimal concentration (5 x 10(-5) M) of either 2-ME or alpha TG resulted in highly significant uptake and incorporation of tritiated thymidine ([3H]TdR) into DNA and in morphological blast transformation. These phenomena were dose-dependent, with both lower and higher doses causing less marked effects. The kinetic peak of these responses was found to occur at day 3 of culture. Improved cellular viability could not explain these results, because by day 3 there was no significant difference in viability between cells cultured in the presence or absence of 2-ME. 2-ME evoked a proliferative response in cultures of congenitally athymic (nu/nu) spleen cells that exhibited a similar but lower dose-response profile compared with that of heterozygous (nu/+) littermates. Cultures of bone marrow-derived (B) lymphocytes, generated by treatment of spleen cells with rabbit antithymocyte serum and complement, incorporated [3H]TdR to a degree at least equal to that of normal spleen cell cultures. Thymus-dependent (T) cells did not support significant 2-ME, alpha TG, or Concanavalin A responses in the absence of serum. However, when cultured in 5% fetal calf serum, definite T-cell responses occurred, though always of a lower magnitude than B-cell responses in this system. When the enriched B-cell and T-cell preparations were co-cultured, a synergistic response was noted. Macrophage dependency of the 2-ME and alpha TG effect was shown to be minimal. It is likely that the greater effectiveness of alpha TG relative to 2-ME is due to differences in the chemical structure of these two thiol compounds. The advantages of utilizing 2-ME and alpha TG as probes in the study of lymphocyte activation are evaluated and their possible mechanisms of action are discussed.
Neurovascular Factors in Wound Healing in the Foot Skin of Type 2 Diabetic Subjects
Authors: Sergiu-Bogdan Catrina, Kerstin Brismar
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

We read with interest the article by Krishnan et al. (1) reporting the healing of acute wounds in type 2 diabetic patients versus control subjects. The authors also reported the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, VEGF-R2, and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in intact skin biopsies from …