tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE MANAGEMENT OF HERNIA IN INFANCY AND CHILDHOOD, WITH RESULTS OF OPERATIVE TREATMENT.
Authors: WILLIAM B. COLEY
Journal: JAMA (1905)

The fact that at least one-third of all the cases of hernia occur in children under the age of 14 is sufficient evidence of the importance of this subject. Most cases of hernia in infancy and childhood are regarded as congenital, but this is a term that has given rise to much confusion. By congenital hernia we do not mean a hernia that existed at birth, but a hernia due to the failure on the part of Nature to close the process of peritoneum that has followed the testis in its descent into the scrotum. If the hernial sac is found at operation to communicate with the tunica vaginalis of the testis, we speak of it as congenital hernia. If, however, the pouch of peritoneum has become closed off just above the testis, but still leaving an open funicular process extending through the canal, or even into the scrotum
A Pseudopheochromocytoma?
Authors: TERUHITO MOCHIZUKI, KENYA MURASE, W. NEWLON TAUXE, SHUJI TANADA, KEN HAMAMOTO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Pheochromocytomas are known to be avid for I-131 or I-123 MIBG. A healthy volunteer was imaged for a control study of the myocardium with I-123 MIBG. The images at 1 hour and at 5 hours depicted a hot spot in the region of the left renal pelvis. The hot spot disappeared on the 24-hour image. It was assumed that the focus was a collection of urinary activity in a benign dilatation of the renal pelvis. Nuclear medicine physicians should be aware of this because this could have been a false-positive scan for a pheochromocytoma.
Abstract 4777: Computational strategies for finding protein targets of flavonoids
Authors: Hanyong Chen, Ke Yao, Janos Nadas, Ann M. Bode, Margarita Malakhova, Naomi Oi, Ronald A. Lubet, Zigang Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Plant-based polyphenols (i.e., phytochemicals) have been used as treatments for human ailments for centuries. The mechanisms of action of these plant-derived medicines are a now major topic of investigation. Thousands of phytochemicals have been isolated, and a certain number of them have shown activities or effects on different disease models. Using conventional approaches to select the best or group of the best chemicals for studying the effectiveness in treating or preventing disease is extremely challenging. We have developed and used computational-based methodologies that provide an efficient and inexpensive tools to gain further understanding of the anticancer and therapeutic effects exerted by polyphenols. Computational strategies involving virtual screening, shape and pharmacophore analysis and molecular docking have been used to select chemicals that target a particular protein or enzyme and to determine potential protein targets for well-characterized as well as for novel polyphenols. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4777. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4777
Aspirin for Preventing the Recurrence of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Cecilia Becattini, Giancarlo Agnelli, Alessandro Schenone, Sabine Eichinger, Eugenio Bucherini, Mauro Silingardi, Marina Bianchi, Marco Moia, Walter Ageno, Maria Rita Vandelli, Elvira Grandone, Paolo Prandoni
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

About 20% of patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism have a recurrence within 2 years after the withdrawal of oral anticoagulant therapy. Extending anticoagulation prevents recurrences but is associated with increased bleeding. The benefit of aspirin for the prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism is unknown.
Absorption of Slow-release Iron and Effects of Ascorbic Acid in Normal Subjects and after Partial Gastrectomy
Authors: I. M. Baird, R. L. Walters, D. R. Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Radiolabelled tablets of slow-release iron and ferrous sulphate containing 50 mg of elemental iron were given to 28 patients, and iron absorption was studied using a whole body counter. There was no significant difference between the absorption of ferrous sulphate and that of slow-release iron in normal subjects, anaemic patients, anaemic and non-anaemic post-gastrectomy patients, or those with coeliac disease. Ascorbic acid potentiated iron absorption, especially in anaemic post-gastrectomy patients. The indications and hazards of slow release iron preparations are discussed.
The James D. Bruce Memorial Award Lecture: The Influence of Subclinical Infections with Atypical Mycobacteria on the Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Quantitative Tuberculin Tests.
Authors: David T. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967The James D. Bruce Memorial Award Lecture: The Influence of Subclinical Infections with Atypical Mycobacteria on the Diagnostic and Prognostic Significance of Quantitative Tuberculin Tests.David T. Smith, A.B., M.D., D.Litt. (Hon.), F.A.C.P.David T. Smith, A.B., M.D., D.Litt. (Hon.), F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1048_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFifty years ago almost everyone over 20 years of age had been infected with human tubercle bacilli and gave strong positive skin reactions to standard doses of tuberculin. At the present time only 5% of Navy recruits and 15% of second year medical students give positive reactions to the same size dose of tuberculin.This dramatic reduction in the prevalence of infection with the human tuberculin bacilli made possible the detection of widespread subclinical infection with atypical mycobacteria. Skin tests with purified protein derivatives made from the atypical organism suggest that approximately 15% of Navy recruits and medical students have... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David T. Smith, A.B., M.D., D.Litt. (Hon.), F.A.C.P.Affiliations: Durham, North Carolina PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byInfectious diseases. Annual review of significant publications. 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1048-1049KeywordsNontuberculous mycobacteriaSkin infectionsSkin reactionSkin testsTuberculinTuberculin tests ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Human CD8 transgene regulation of HLA recognition by murine T cells.
Authors: D M LaFace, M Vestberg, Y Yang, R Srivastava, J DiSanto, N Flomenberg, S Brown, L A Sherman, P A Peterson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

A series of human CD8 transgenic (hCD8 Tg) mice with differential expression in the thymus and periphery were produced to investigate CD8 coreceptor regulation of repertoire selection and T cell responses. Expression of hCD8 markedly enhanced responses to both HLA class I molecules and hybrid A2/Kb molecules providing functional evidence for a second interaction site, outside of the alpha 3 domain, which is essential for optimal coreceptor function. Peripheral T cell expression of hCD8 was sufficient to augment responsiveness to HLA class I, as hCD8 Tg mice which lacked thymic expression responded as well as mice expressing hCD8 in the thymus and periphery. Both murine CD8+ and CD4+ T cells expressing hCD8 transgenes exhibited markedly enhanced responses to foreign HLA class I, revealing the ability of T cell receptor repertoires selected on either murine class I or class II to recognize human class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In contrast to recognition of foreign class I, thymic expression of hCD8 transgenes was absolutely required to enhance recognition of antigenic peptide restricted by self-HLA class I. Thus, our studies revealed disparate requirements for CD8 coreceptor expression in the thymus for selection of a T cell repertoire responsive to foreign MHC and to antigenic peptides bound to self-MHC, providing a novel demonstration of positive selection that is dependent on human CD8.
Influence of Collateral Circulation on In-Hospital Death From Anterior Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nicasio Pérez-Castellano, Eulogio J García, Manuel Abeytua, Javier Soriano, José A Serrano, Jaime Elízaga, Javier Botas, José L López-Sendón, Juan L Delcán
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Prevalence of Toxoplasma antibodies among patients with various autoimmune diseases
Authors: J Petrikova, N Agmon-Levin, Y Shapira, O Barzilai, M Ram, B Gilburd, C Selmi, B Nicola, B Larida, M E Gershwin, G Valentini, M Matucci-Cerini, J-M Anaja, B-S P Katz, M Blank, Y Shoenfeld
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

Bacteria, viruses and parasites are often thought to be environmental triggers inducing or promoting autoimmune disorders. Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan Toxoplasma gondii. The association of this infectious agents and autoimmunity has rarely been reported therefore, in order to evaluate the possible role of Toxoplasmosis in various autoimmune diseases the authors assessed …
Book Review Genetics in the Clinic: Clinical, Ethical, and Social Implications for Primary Care By Mary B. Mahowald, Victor A. McKusick, Angela S. Scheuerle, and Timothy J. Aspinwall. 304 pp. St. Louis, Mosby, 2001. $39.95. 0-323-01203-5
Authors: James Goldberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)
Massive Study Compilation Illuminates Regulatory Role of Non–Gene-Encoding DNA
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evidence for a pathogenic role of a cell-mediated immune mechanism in experimental glomerulonephritis.
Authors: A K Bhan, E E Schneeberger, A B Collins, R T McCluskey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Lewis rats were injected intravenously with rabbit anti-rat glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antisera in doses that were sufficient to cause glomerular fixation of rabbit gamma globulin (RGG) detectable by immunofluorescence, but which failed to induce histologically detectable lesions. 24 h later, groups of rats received lymph node cells or serum from syngeneic donors that had been immunized with either RGG or ovalbumin; they were injected with [3H]thymidine three times during the next 2 days, and sacrificed 48 or 96 h after transfer. Only the rats given anti-GBM antiserum plus lymph node cells from donors sensitized to RGG showed histological glomerular lesions, in the form of segmental hypercellularly and necrosis. Autoradiographs revealed the greatest number of labeled cells in glomeruli in the same group. In analogous experiments, it was shown that T-cell-enriched populations could induce hypercellular glomerular reactions. On the basis of electronmicroscopic and autoradiographic observations, it appears that the glomerular hypercellularity resulted from both infiltration of mononuclear cells and proliferation of endothelial cells. The findings indicate that interaction of specifically sensitized lymphocytes with glomerular-bound antigen can induce a cell-mediated (delayed-type) reaction in glomeruli.
Measurement of Arterial Geometry and Wall Composition in the Carotid Sinus Baroreceptor Area
Authors: PETER M. REES, PETER JEPSON
Journal: Circulation Research (1970)

The overall dimensions of the carotid sinus, the thicknesses of the individual layers within its wall, and the tissue composition of the tunica media were measured on histological sections of the carotid bifurcation fixed in vivo in anesthetized dogs, cats, and rabbits. The outstanding dimensional features of the carotid sinus as compared to the adjoining carotid segments are its thinned media-intima layer and increased ratio of internal radius to media-intima thickness. These differences carry a high level of significance statistically. There appears to be no marked increase in the ratio of radius to whole-wall thickness in the sinus portion of the carotid tree. The tunica media in the carotid sinus wall contains more than twice as much elastic tissue per unit volume (mean value 62.3% elastin) as the media in the carotid vessels adjoining the sinus; reciprocally, smooth muscle constitutes 16.4% of the tunica media in the sinus wall but approximately 50% or more of the media in the common, internal, and external carotid arteries caudal and cranial to the sinus (mean values in percent of total volume). Results are discussed in relation to the position of the baroreceptors within the sinus wall and mechanisms of stimulating them.
Pain in Terminal Disease
Authors: Sylvia A. Lack
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Pharmacologic control of the unpleasant symptoms associated with a terminal disease is a medical aspect of dying that is far from being worked to death (229:1909, 1974). Dying patients still endure severe pain, and these sufferers are, unhappily, found even in our most eminent hospitals and nursing homes.<sup>1</sup>Terminal pain can be controlled, as demonstrated by Saunders<sup>2</sup>and Twycross<sup>3</sup>in English centers such as St. Christopher's and St. Joseph's Hospices. If the current public interest in death would spread to the medical profession, stimulating development of new clinical skills and research directed at palliative care, much distress, currently a disgrace to modern medicine, would be relieved. Far from dying being worked to death, it is time the experiences of the English hospices were melded into the American system to provide fresh help and insights in a greatly neglected area of health provision.
Microtubule Minus-End Binding Protein CAMSAP2 Controls Axon Specification and Dendrite Development
Authors: Kah Wai Yau, Sam F.B. van Beuningen, Inês Cunha-Ferreira, Bas M.C. Cloin, Eljo Y. van Battum, Lena Will, Philipp Schätzle, Roderick P. Tas, Jaap van Krugten, Eugene A. Katrukha, Kai Jiang, Phebe S. Wulf, Marina Mikhaylova, Martin Harterink, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp, Anna Akhmanova, Lukas C. Kapitein, Casper C. Hoogenraad
Journal: Neuron (2014)
PROPHYLAXIS.ITS VARIOUS PHASES IN RELATION TO CONSERVATION OF THE TEETH.
Authors: Charles F Allan
Journal: JAMA (1904)

I want to make a broad distinction between reparative and restorative operations, and to weigh relatively the importance, from a tooth-saving point of view, of some prophylactic measures. Broadly speaking, prophylaxis, the prevention of disease, should be the highest aim of the physician. In our specialty of medicine we are nearer, perhaps, concrete facts than the general practitioner; the organs that furnish us our principal work are in sight and lesions are generally visible and within reach, and possibly it is not asking too much of the average patient to expect more of us in the way of prevention than in the warding off of disease by the family physician. Certainly if we do not accomplish quite as much, we are very culpable. Prophylaxis is prevention—prevention of what? Not simply the loss of teeth by caries, nor added to it the loss of few or many teeth by pyorrhea, but
Crohn's Disease (Regional Enteritis) of the Large Intestine and its Distinction from Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: H. E. Lockhart-Mummery, B. C. Morson
Journal: Gut (1960)

Twenty-five cases of Crohn's disease (regional enteritis) of the large intestine are described and illustrated. The clinical and pathological criteria for this diagnosis are discussed with emphasis on the distinction from ulcerative colitis. Suggestions are made regarding the surgical treatment of these patients.
Accelerated Evolutionary Rate in Sulfur-Oxidizing Endosymbiotic Bacteria Associated with the Mode of Symbiont Transmission
Authors: A. S. Peek, R. C. Vrijenhoek, B. S. Gaut
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

The nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution predicts that the rate of nucleotide substitution should accelerate in small populations at sites under low selective constraint. We examined these predictions with respect to the relative population sizes for three bacterial life histories within chemolithoautotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria: (1) free-living bacteria, (2) environmentally captured symbionts, and (3) maternally transmitted symbionts. Both relative rates of nucleotide substitution and relative ratios of loop, stem, and domain substitutions from 1,165 nt of the small-subunit 16S rDNA were consistent with expectations of the nearly neutral theory. Relative to free-living sulfur-oxidizing autotrophic bacteria, the maternally transmitted symbionts have faster substitution rates overall and also in low-constraint domains of 16S rDNA. Nucleotide substitition rates also differ between loop and stem positions. All of these findings are consistent with the predictions that these symbionts have relatively small effective population sizes. In contrast, the rates of nucleotide substitution in environmentally captured symbionts are slower, particularly in high-constraint domains, than in free-living bacteria.
Transiently Increased MDP Activity in the Soft Tissue of Lower Extremity Caused by Iliofemoral Venous Thrombosis
Authors: Jian Q. Yu, Hongming Zhuang, Anthony Posteraro, Swapna Reddy, Abass Alavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Bone tracer MDP can have abnormal accumulation in the nonosseous tissue as a result of a variety of etiologies and interpreting such abnormalities may be difficult. In this case, transient and diffuse asymmetric Tc-99m MDP activity on bone scintigraphy of the thigh was attributed to deep venous thrombosis in an 18-year-old girl who presented with fever.
Holistic medicine, Falklands' style
Authors: B Paver
Journal: BMJ (1994)

As the red, eight seater plane finally comes to a bumpy stop on the grass airstrip, my 4 year old daughter turns to me and says, “Will Mrs Brown take me riding while you’re seeing patients?”

We’re met by our hosts - owners of the biggest farm in the settlement. This is a family affair and an occasion to stop work for the day on most of the surrounding farms - doctors’ visits occur only once every six weeks in Camp (anywhere in the Falkland Islands other than Stanley) and it is not often that two doctors (I and …
Methyldopa and Lithium Carbonate: Suspected Interaction
Authors: Gary J. Byrd
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have recently been confronted with what appears to be a puzzling interaction of lithium carbonate and methyldopa. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 45-year-old woman with a 25-year history of manic-depressive illness was hospitalized in 1968 in an acute manic episode. The patient responded well to lithium carbonate, with maintenance therapy on an outpatient basis at a daily dose of 900 mg of lithium carbonate for the next five years. Her serum lithium level was monitored frequently; it remained at about 1.0 mEq/liter throughout that time. In 1974, when she began to show initial signs of manic decompensation, she was again hospitalized. During that hospitalization it was discovered that a significant degree of hypertension had developed, the cause of which could not be determined although it was satisfactorily controlled with methyldopa. She was discharged on a regimen of 1,800 mg of lithium carbonate and 1 gm of
Attitudes of general practitioners to prehospital thrombolysis
Authors: J Rawles
Journal: BMJ (1994)

To investigate reasons for general practitioners not giving thrombolytic treatment to eligible patients with acute myocardial infarction.Postal questionnaires were sent to 424 general practitioners.97 general practitioners who had taken part in the Grampian region early anistreplase trial, 185 whose practices in Scotland were at least 24 km from a district general hospital, and 142 who had attended postgraduate conferences at which thrombolysis had been discussed; 87, 158, and 125 respectively responded.Answers to questions about readiness to use thrombolytic treatment.Response rate was 87% (370/424). Almost all respondents (350) were convinced of benefits of thrombolysis for acute myocardial infarction, and 277 were convinced that there were additional benefits from its administration in the community at first opportunity. Most doctors working 16 km or more from hospital thought that giving treatment at home would appreciably save time (200/274). Most doctors agreed that they could make time to give thrombolytic treatment (278), and would be willing to record an electrocardiogram (284), and would be able to interpret it (280). Sixty four respondents (17%) reported using thrombolytic treatment in previous year. Among non-users, 150 (49%) were unwilling to use thrombolytic treatment without further training. While many non-users (210 (69%)) were willing to use thrombolytic treatment without encouragement from Department of Health, 184 (60%) were unwilling to use it unless encouraged to do so by their local cardiologist.The need to become better informed about thrombolysis and lack of encouragement from local cardiologists were important factors preventing wider use of thrombolytic treatment in the community by general practitioners.