tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 12031: Orthostatic Hypotension is an Independent Factor for Ischemic Stoke and Cardiac Death
Authors: Ruey-Hsing Chou, Chia-Jen Liu, Tze-Fan Chao
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Emerging evidence showed orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with increased risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) events, but the data of large clinical trails was limited. The present study aims to exam the relationship between OH and CV events in middle-age Asian population.   METHOD:  A national health insurance program has been implemented in Taiwan since 1995. We used system sampling database from 2000 to 2011, with a total of 1,000,000 subjects, and enrolled subjects with OH above 18 years old. The control group was matched with the study subjects in a ratio of 1:10, and in terms of age, sex, and cormobidities.   RESULT:  Overall 13,486 subjects were identified, included 1,226 patients with OH. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a tendency of development of adverse CV events in subjects with OH. After multivariate Cox model adjustment, individuals with OH have significant increased risk in ischemic stroke (HR 1.403; 95% CI 1.089-1.806, p=0.009), all-cause mortality (HR 1.351; 95% CI 1.053-1.732, p=0.018), and adverse CV events (HR 1.410; 95% CI 1.180-1.685, p   CONCLUSION:  OH is independent related to development of ischemic stoke, all-cause mortality, and adverse CV events in Asian population.
Loss of p14ARF in tumor cells facilitates replication of the adenovirus mutant dl1520 (ONYX-015)
Authors: Stefan J. Ries, Christian H. Brandts, Alicia S. Chung, Carola H. Biederer, Byron C. Hann, Ettie M. Lipner, Frank McCormick, W. Michael Korn
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
Apremilast in Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled, Parallel‐Group Study
Authors: Mark C. Genovese, Katerina Jarosova, Dorota Cieślak, Jeffrey Alper, Alan Kivitz, Douglas R. Hough, Peter Maes, Lilia Pineda, Mindy Chen, Farrukh Zaidi
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To study the efficacy/safety of apremilast, an oral phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor, compared with placebo in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who had an inadequate response to methotrexate (MTX).Patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive placebo, apremilast 20 mg twice a day, or apremilast 30 mg twice a day. Patients whose swollen and tender joint counts had not improved by ≥20% were considered nonresponders at week 16 and were required to enter the protocol-defined early escape. At week 24, patients were transitioned in a blinded manner to receive apremilast 20 mg twice a day if they were initially randomized to receive placebo. Patients who were not initially randomized to receive placebo continued to receive their target apremilast dose. Patients were required to take a stable dose of MTX (7.5-25 mg/week) throughout the study. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in a subset of patients.A total of 237 patients who were receiving MTX therapy were randomized and received ≥1 dose of study medication. At week 16, similar proportions of patients receiving placebo (35%), apremilast 20 mg twice a day (28%), and apremilast 30 mg twice a day (34%) met the American College of Rheumatology criteria for 20% improvement in disease activity (the primary efficacy end point). In the MRI substudy, mean change from baseline in total joint damage scores according to the Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring system was generally similar with either apremilast dose at week 16. At week 52, no trends were noted for clinical end points by treatment group. Both apremilast doses were generally well tolerated.Apremilast efficacy was not demonstrated in patients who had active RA despite stable MTX therapy.
The time taken to complete quality of life questionnaires in an advanced cancer trial
Authors: M. R. Stockler, S. Heritier, A. K. Nowak, D. Goldstein, J. Turner, M. Jefford, A. Glasgow, E. Abdi, P. J. Beale, C. Carter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

8592 Background: Respondent burden is important when designing trials in advanced cancer. We determined the time taken to complete a set of quality of life questionnaires (TTTCQ) in a randomized trial of sertraline in advanced cancer. Methods: Participants recorded the times they started and finished an 11 page questionnaire of 187 items including the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy General and Fatigue scales, and 4 other validated instruments. Determinants of the TTTCQ were sought amongst the self-ratings of anxiety, depression, fatigue, trouble concentrating, other aspects of quality of life, and other characteristics including age, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) and treatment. Distributions are summarised by their median, interquartile range (25th to 75th percentiles, IQR) and interdecile range (10th to 90th percentiles, IDR). Associations were assessed with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r), and differences with the Mann-Whitney test. All p-values are two-sided. Results: The TTTCQ was available for 128 of 150 subjects (85%). Median age was 66 (IQR 59 to 73), median KPS was 80 (IQR 70 to 90), and 63% were male. The median TTTCQ was 30 mins (IQR 23 to 40, IDR 15 to 50), equating to a median of 10 secs per item (IQR 7 to 13, IDR 5 to 16). The TTTCQ was modestly correlated with age and KPS (r = 0.19, p = 0.04 for both). Age and KPS were not correlated (r = 0.03, p = 0.8). Subjects aged 60 or older had a median TTTCQ 10 mins longer than those 59 or younger (35 v 25 mins, p = 0.002). Subjects with a KPS of 100, 90, 80, and 70 or less had a median TTTCQ of 20, 25, 31, and 35 mins respectively. TTTCQ was modestly correlated with self-ratings of: problems coping with treatment, dry mouth, feeling dizzy or lightheaded (r = 0.22 to 0.25, p = 0.01). Correlations were weak or non-existent with all measures of depression, anxiety, trouble concentrating, emotional well-being, and overall well-being (r = 0.10 to 0.18, p = 0.04 to 0.25). TTTCQ was unaffected by gender, opioids, steroids and number of previous cytotoxic regimens. Conclusions: Respondent burden was less of a problem than anticipated and little affected by treatments or self-rated psychological problems. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
69. Closing-in on the titer gap between transient transfection and packaging cell lines
Authors: Jill Oldenburg, Aaron C. Logan, Maria Barcova, Celina Ngiam, Paula M. Cannon
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Lentiviral vectors are a potent gene delivery system that show promise for hematopoietic and neuronal cell applications. However, several safety concerns exist regarding their use. These include the possibility of a replication-competent lentivirus (RCL) arising, which is a particular concern when the parental virus is a human pathogen such as HIV-1. In addition, in common with other integrating vectors, lentiviral vectors have the potential to cause insertional mutagenesis. This can occur directly by gene disruption or read-through transcription from the vector cassette, or indirectly through the action at a distance effects of vector enhancer/promoter elements.
Abstract P347: Serum 25-hydroxy Vitamin D, Cardiovascular Risk Markers, And Incident Myocardial Infarction In A High Risk Community Population
Authors: Jaeun Yang, Christopher Naugler, Lawrence de Koning
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: It is unclear whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease, and through what biochemical pathways this could occur. We investigated the relationship between serum 25-OH vitamin D and typical cardiovascular risk markers as well as incident myocardial infarction (MI) in a large group of high-risk individuals from the community of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Methods: Calgary Laboratory Services databases were queried for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), personal healthcare number (PHN) and first available serum 25-OH vitamin D measure from patients who received an electrocardiogram or urine creatinine clearance test from 2010-2013. Data was linked by PHN to first available laboratory results for total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, fasting glucose and HbA1c as well as Alberta Health Services hospital discharge data for first myocardial infarction (ICD-10: I21.1-9) occurring after 25-OH vitamin D measurement. Multiple linear and logistic regression were used to examine all associations. Results: There were 36 000-50 000 complete patient records for analysis of each of the risk markers, with a median follow-up of 8-11 months. A 30 mmol/L increase in serum 25-OH vitamin D was associated with significantly (p&lt;0.001) lower total cholesterol (-0.07 mmol/L), LDL cholesterol (-0.06 mmol/L), triglycerides (-0.14 mmol/L), fasting glucose (-0.12 mmol/L), and HbA1c (-0.13% mmol/L), but higher HDL cholesterol (+0.06 mmol/L) after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, monthly hours of sun-exposure and time between measures. Among these individuals, there were 458 cases of MI occurring after 25-OH vitamin D measurement, with a median follow-up of 1 year. In a case-cohort analysis that included 2500 controls, a 30 mmol/L increase in 25-OH vitamin D was associated with a 21% (p&lt;0.001) lower odds of MI after multivariate adjustment. This association was strongly attenuated after adjusting LDL, HDL, fasting glucose and HbA1c. Conclusion: In a high-risk group of community patients from Calgary, Alberta, Canada, higher serum 25-OH vitamin D was associated with a lower risk of MI, which was explained by changes in commonly measured cardiovascular risk markers. Further study is needed to determine whether changes in cardiovascular risk markers are causally related to changes in 25-OH vitamin D.
Prisoner dies after “seriously deficient” care
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A High Court judge last week ordered the home secretary to set up an independent inquiry into the death of a prisoner who died during an asthma attack in his cell.

The unprecedented ruling-made under the Human Rights Act, which puts the state under an obligation to safeguard life-has serious implications for the inquest process. The Home Office was given permission to appeal.

Paul Wright, aged 33, died of an asthma attack in his cell at Arnley prison, Leeds, in 1996, while under the care of a prison doctor who …
Growth velocity during infancy and onset of asthma in school‐aged children
Authors: C. Flexeder, E. Thiering, I. Brüske, S. Koletzko, C.‐P. Bauer, H.‐E. Wichmann, U. Mansmann, A. von Berg, D. Berdel, U. Krämer, B. Schaaf, I. Lehmann, O. Herbarth, J. Heinrich
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Flexeder C, Thiering E, Brüske I, Koletzko S, Bauer C.‐P, Wichmann H.‐E, Mansmann U, von Berg A, Berdel D, Krämer U, Schaaf B, Lehmann I, Herbarth O, Heinrich J. Growth velocity during infancy and onset of asthma in school‐aged children. Allergy 2012; 67 : 257–264. Abstract Background: Growth velocities during infancy might affect the risk of asthma in childhood. This study examines the association between peak height and weight velocities during the first 2 years of life and onset of asthma and wheeze up to 10 years of age. Methods: Data from 9086 children who participated in the GINIplus and LISAplus birth cohorts were analyzed. Information on asthma was requested annually from 1 to 10 years and information on wheeze at 1, 2, 4, 6, and 10 years. Peak height and weight velocities were calculated using height and weight measurements obtained between birth and 2 years of age. Cox proportional hazards models and generalized linear mixed models were calculated after adjustment for potential confounding factors including birth weight and body mass index at 10 years of age. Results: Per interquartile range increase in peak weight velocity (PWV), the risk of asthma increased significantly (adjHR: 1.22; CI: 1.02–1.47). The relationship between peak height velocity (PHV) and onset of asthma was nonsignificant (adjHR: 1.08; CI: 0.88–1.31). Wheeze was not significantly associated with PHV or with PWV (adjOR: 1.07; CI: 0.64–1.77 and adjOR: 1.11; CI: 0.68–1.79, respectively). Conclusions: Weight gain during infancy is positively associated with physician‐diagnosed asthma in school‐aged children.
The Addition of Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin to Induction Chemotherapy for AML Improves Disease Free Survival without Extra Toxicity: Preliminary Analysis of 1115 Patients in the MRC AML15 Trial.
Authors: Alan K. Burnett, William J. Kell, Anthony H. Goldstone, Donald Milligan, Ann Hunter, Archie G. Prentice, Nigel H. Russell, Brenda Gibson, Keith Wheatley, Robert K. Hills
Journal: Blood (2006)
Textbook Geriatrics: Not Yet of the Essence
Authors: T E Finucane, T S Loo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings4 May 1999Textbook Geriatrics: Not Yet of the EssenceThomas E. Finucane, MD and Timothy S. Loo, MDThomas E. Finucane, MDFrom Johns Hopkins Geriatrics Center; Baltimore, MD 21224Search for more papers by this author and Timothy S. Loo, MDFrom Johns Hopkins Geriatrics Center; Baltimore, MD 21224Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-9-199905040-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Internal medicine and geriatrics are largely overlapping fields. General internists and most specialists primarily see elderly patients, and geriatricians must deal with the full spectrum of diseases that internists care for. Great debates have been held over whether geriatricians are generalists, subspecialists, or even superspecialists; these debates often have political subtexts that range from the wranglings of academe to federal policy about loan repayment. Efforts to distinguish geriatrics from the work done by good general internists have focused on several areas, all of which attempt to reply to the generalist's question, “Most of my patients are elderly; what's different about ...References1. Tallis R, Fillit H, Brocklehurst J, eds. Brocklehurst's Textbook of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. 5th ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1998. Google Scholar2. Cassel CK, Cohen HJ, Larson EB, Meier DE, Resnick NM, Rubenstein LZ, et al, eds. Geriatric Medicine. 3d ed. New York: Springer-Verlag; 1997. Google Scholar3. Hazzard WR, Bierman EL, Blass JP, Ettinger WH, Halter JB, Andres R, eds. Principles of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology. New York: McGraw-Hill; 1994. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins Geriatrics Center; Baltimore, MD 21224Corresponding Author: Thomas E. Finucane, MD, Johns Hopkins Geriatrics Center, 5505 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224; e-mail, [email protected]edu.Current Author Addresses: Drs. Finucane and Loo: Johns Hopkins Geriatrics Center, 5505 Hopkins Bayview Circle, Baltimore, MD 21224. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCaregiver and Clinician Shortages in an Aging Nation 4 May 1999Volume 130, Issue 9Page: 782-786KeywordsAntibioticsDrugsElderlyEstrogen replacement therapyGeriatricsMedicareMortalityPressure ulcersSleepSurgery ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 4 May 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
For and against: Does risk homoeostasis theory have implications for road safety * For * Against
Authors: G. J S Wilde
Journal: BMJ (2002)

# Does risk homoeostasis theory have implications for road safety {#article-title-2}

Risk homoeostasis (also called risk compensation) theory predicts that, as safety features are added to vehicles and roads, drivers tend to increase their exposure to collision risk because they feel better protected. Gerald Wilde provides evidence for it and suggests that it should be used to inform road safety strategies. Leon Robertson and Barry Pless, however, argue that the evidence is deeply flawed and that the theory is little better than an excuse for doing nothing

# For {#article-title-3}

Anyone wishing to reduce the risk of misfortune on the road to zero can do so by never using the roads, but that person would also miss all the benefits accruing from road travel and thus live a greatly diminished life. Suboptimal risk taking also occurs if a person underestimates or overestimates the danger of a given activity, because that person would either take too much risk or too little for greatest net benefit. A person learns to assess risk by perceiving the outcomes of decisions. Our intuitive assessment of risk is honed by our experience and that of others, sometimes communicated through the mass media. This feedback will thus confirm or correct a person's perception of the size of the four utility factors that determine the optimal (or target) level of risk (see box).

#### Theory of risk homoeostasis

While some actions entail more danger (probability×magnitude of loss) than others, there is no behaviour without some risk. The challenge, therefore, is to optimise rather than eliminate risk. This optimal, or target, level of risk is that which maximises the overall benefit (probability×amount). Four utility factors determine the target level of risk:

The first two factors increase …
Primary and immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts showed different responses to physiological level vitamin C treatment
Authors: Shiu-Ming Kuo, Lana Burl, Patricia Merhige, Zihua Hu
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

3059   Epidemiological studies have linked low vitamin C intake to an increased cancer risk. Antioxidant function of vitamin C was initially proposed to be the mechanism but results of antioxidant supplement clinical trials suggest the presence of other chemopreventive mechanisms. We used mouse primary embryonic fibroblasts (passage 3-5) to examine the cellular and molecular action of physiological level of vitamin C. Vitamin C supplement in the cell culture medium led to dose- and treatment duration-dependent increases in H3-thymidine incorporation and protein accumulation. Intracellular vitamin C is needed for these effects as sodium-dependent vitamin C transporter-deficient (SVCT2-/-) primary embryonic fibroblasts did not respond to the same vitamin C treatment. Gene expression microarray analyses (44K genes by Agilent) were then performed on wildtype primary embryonic fibroblasts with and without vitamin C treatment (20 ÂµM, 2 days) to determine the molecular mechanisms that could contribute to the growth-promoting effect of vitamin C. Vitamin C is known to act as a coenzyme in the post-translational modification of collagen. We found that vitamin C also acts to regulate collagen gene transcription. Among the collagen genes that significant amounts of transcripts were detected, vitamin C treatment led to an up-regulation of Col1a2, Col4a3, Col7a1, Col8a1 and Col18a1 (p
Widespread Statin Use Recommended for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2004)

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Evidence for Prevention of Death and Myocardial Infarction With Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Receptor Blockade by Abciximab (c7E3 Fab) Among Patients With Unstable Angina Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Revascularization fn1fn1This study was supported by Centocor, Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania.
Authors: A.Michael Lincoff, Robert M. Califf, Keaven M. Anderson, Harlan F. Weisman, Frank V. Aguirre, Neal S. Kleiman, Robert A. Harrington, Eric J. Topol
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
Abstract 228: Deconstructing the Cerebral Performance Category: Introducing the CPC-E
Authors: Ketki D Raina, Sondra Balouris, Jon C Rittenberger, Clifton W Callaway, Joan C Rogers, Margo B Holm
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: The Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) is considered the “gold” standard outcome tool to quantify and categorize post-CA outcomes, but lacks psychometric validation. The study objective was to create a new instrument with content validity, inter-rater reliability, and clinical utility called the CPC-Extended (CPC-E). Methods: Potential domains were identified through content analyses of the CPC and literature review. A panel comprised of CA and rehabilitation experts reviewed the CPC-E in iterative rounds. Following each round the CPC-E was revised resulting in near 100% consensus among experts. Inter-rater reliability and clinical feasibility of the CPC-E were tested by administering the CPC-E to CA survivors prior to discharge from the hospital. Intraclass correlation coefficients and descriptive statistics were used to examine inter-rater reliability and descriptive statistics respectively. Results: The CPC-E has 10 independent domains: Alert, Logical Thinking, Attention, Short-Term Memory, Motor, Basic Activities of Daily Living, Mood, Fatigue, Complex Activities of Daily Living, and Return to Work. Each domain has 5 levels with 1 being the best response for the domain and 5 being the worst. Inter-rater reliability for the domains is excellent (n = 20, range = 0.88 - 1.0). The CPC-E took a mean (SD) of 6.03 (3.68) minutes to administer and score. No missing data were reported and clinicians reported that it was easy to administer and use. Conclusion: The CPC-E offers an efficient, comprehensive tool with good psychometric properties to measure outcomes after CA. Clinically, the multi-domain CPC-E yields a profile of outcomes at the time of discharge that could “signal” a referral to rehabilitation or to a support service associated with a particular domain. Future studies will examine other psychometric properties of the CPC-E, including responsiveness to change.