tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A comparison of the combined ultrasound of the mediastinum by use of a single EBUS scope versus two scopes EBUS and EUS for lung cancer staging – A prospective study
Authors: Artur Szlubowski, Piotr Kocon, Jerzy Soja, Piotr Talar, Wojciech Czajkowski, Lucyna Rudnicka-Sosin, Adam Cmiel, Jaroslaw Kuzdzal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  The aim of the prospective trial was to compare diagnostic yield of the combined ultrasound of the mediastinum for lung cancer (LC) staging by use of a single EBUS bronchoscope – (CUSb) and two scopes: EBUS and ultrasound gastroscope (EUS) – (CUS).   Methods:  In consecutive LC patients in stage IA-IIIB the CUS or CUSb were being performed under mild sedation. All patients with negative result of biopsy subsequently underwent lung resection with systematic lymph node dissection (SLND) of mediastinum as a confirmatory test.   Results:  In 216 LC patients, 110 underwent CUS and 106 CUSb and 624 mediastinal nodes were biopsied. The CUS revealed metastatic nodal involvement in 55/110 patients (50%) and CUSb in 51/106 patients (48.1%). A prevalence in both groups was 60%. In 55 CUS negative and 55 CUSb negative patients the subsequent SLND revealed metastatic nodes in 5 patients (4.5%) and in 9 patients (8.5%), respectively. There was “minimal N2” in 11 of these 14 patients (78.6%). A diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of CUS was 91.7%, 98%, 94.6%, 98.2% and 90.7% and of CUSb was 85%, 93.2%, 88.7%, 94.4%, 82.7%, respectively.  There was no significant difference in sensitivity and NPV of CUS versus CUSb (p = 0.215 and p = 0.187). A mean time of CUS (25±4.4 min) was significantly longer comparing with CUSb (14.9±2.3 min) (p    Conclusions:  The combined ultrasound of the mediastinum by use of a single EBUS scope is significantly less time-consuming and as equally effective and safe as by use of two scopes (EBUS and EUS) for lung cancer staging.
Abstract 17805: Association of LpPLA2 with Lipoprotein Subclasses, Inflammation, Atherosclerosis &amp; Endothelial Dysfunction in a Web-Based Lifestyle Intervention Study: Baptist Employee Healthy Heart Study (BEHHS)
Authors: Omar Jamal, Ehimen Aneni, Lara Roberson, Sameer Shaharyar, Adnan Younus, Shozab S Ali, Beatriz Rosell, Ebenezer Oni, Henry Guzman, Chen Ye, Chen Ye, Rehan Malik, Muhammad Aziz, Janisse Post, Ricardo Cury, Jonathan Fialkow, Michael Ozner, Theodore Feldman, Arthur Agatston, Emir Veledar, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Circulation (2014)

INTRODUCTION: A recent meta-analysis demonstrated that Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 (LpPLA 2 ) activity is associated with CVD events. However, the mechanisms which mediate this risk are poorly established. This study aims to assess the cross-sectional association between LpPLA 2 and components of an advanced lipid panel, subclinical CVD and markers of inflammation. METHODS: The Baptist Employee Healthy Heart Study (BEHHS) is an ongoing study examining the effect of web-based interventions on reducing CVD risk in individuals with metabolic syndrome &amp; type II diabetes mellitus. Cardio IQ™ Ion Mobility lipoprotein fractionation was utilized for advanced lipid subclass measurement resulting in direct quantification of particles in each lipoprotein sub-class fraction. Endothelial function was assessed using endoPAT2000 (Itamar, Israel) and individuals older than 35 years had CT scan for coronary artery calcium (CAC). LpPLA 2 was measured by Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The population consisted of 182 individuals, 74% female with a mean age of 51±10 years (range 25 - 72). Overall the median plasma LpPLA 2 level was 199 ng/mL. In univariate analyses, there was a significant association with several lipid subclasses and with hs-CRP. After adjusting for risk factors, LpPLA 2 was independently associated with LDL-c and LDL particle size, Large LDL subclass A, small IDL, small, medium and large VLDL, and with hs-CRP. On the other hand there was no association between LpPLA 2 mass and HOMA-IR, reactive hyperemia index or presence of CAC. CONCLUSIONS: LpPLA 2 is significantly associated with several lipoprotein sub-classes and with systemic inflammation without affecting vascular endothelial function or atherosclerosis. Further studies are required to determine if lifestyle interventions affect LpPLA2 and how this may translate to reduced systemic inflammation and an improvement in cardiometabolic profile.
&lt;italic&gt;β&lt;/italic&gt;-Glucuronidase Activities of Cultured Cells Derived From C3H Mouse Liver
Authors: Edward L. Kuff, Virginia J. Evans
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Three related strains of cells derived from infant C3H mouse liver and maintained in culture for over 12 years had very high β-glucuronidase levels. On a nitrogen basis, the activities were 60 to 100 times the average value for adult C3H liver and 20 to 30 times the value observed in the livers of 2-day-old mice. The high activities persisted in tumors obtained by implanting the cultured cells into C3H mice. Regenerating C3H liver and a variety of spontaneous and transplanted C3H hepatomas were assayed for β-glucuronidase activity; in none of these was the level significantly higher than that in infant liver. One ascites hepatoma was adapted to and carried in tissue culture for 2 years without any increase in activity. Different strains of cultured C3H fibroblasts exhibited widely differing β-glucuronidase activities. A few were as active as the liver cultures; but others, although exposed to the culture environment for an equally long period, had much less activity. β-Glucuronidase activity was localized chiefly within the particulate fraction of sucrose homogenates of the cultured liver cells. The enzyme exhibited a high degree of latency and a pH optimum at 4.4. These properties suggested that the activity was associated with lysosome-like particles in the cultured cells. Compared to adult C3H liver, acid-phosphatase activity was increased threefold in the cultured cells, while ribonuclease activity was unchanged. Uricase activity was not detectable in the liver cultures.
Transplantation of Both Kidneys of an Anencephalic Newborn to a 23-Year-Old Patient
Authors: P. Kinnaert, P. Vereerstraeren, F. Van Asperen de Boer, J. Struyven, N. Frederic, M. Verhas, A. Shoutens, C. Toussaint, J. Geerturyden
Journal: European Urology (1981)
Dysregulation of the expression of miR204 mediates migration and invasion of endometrial cancer by regulating FOXC1
Authors: Y. F. Wong, T.H. Cheung, T.S. Lau, L.K.Y. Chan, S.F. Yim, V.W. Wang, D.I. Smith
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and some have been shown to function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressors (oncomirs). Changes in miRNA expression have been observed in many human cancers but their role in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) remains poorly understood. We studied the expression of 365 human miRNAs using Taqman low density arrays in 98 EECs as well as 60 normal endometria. Potentially interesting miRNAs were then validated by qRT-PCR. Expression of highly deregulated miRNAs on malignant cell properties was also examined in vitro using pre-/anti-miRNA transfection. Predicted mRNA targets for the miRNA of interest were also verified. We identified 16 significantly deregulated miRNAs in EEC and 7 of these are reported for the first time. Of these, miR-7, miR-194 and miR-449b knockdown and miR-204 induction repressed migration, invasion and extracellular matrix-adhesion in HEC1A endometrial cancer cells. For the cancer progression dysregulation of the expression of miR204 mediates migration and invasion of endometrial cancer by regulating FOXC1-related miR-204, FOXC1 was determined as its target gene possessing two miR-204-binding sites at the 3’-untranslated region. FOXC1 expression was inversely related to miR-204 expression in EEC. Functional analysis also revealed the involvement of FOXC1 in migration of HEC1A cells. We have identified dysfunctional miRNAs in endometrial cancer and elucidated the crucial role of miR-204-FOXC1 interaction in endometrial cancer progression. This work provides insight into miRNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for endometrial cancers.
Irf5 deficiency in macrophages promotes beneficial adipose tissue expansion and insulin sensitivity during obesity
Authors: Elise Dalmas, Amine Toubal, Fawaz Alzaid, Katrina Blazek, Hayley L Eames, Kristell Lebozec, Maria Pini, Isabelle Hainault, Emilie Montastier, Raphaël G P Denis, Patricia Ancel, Amélie Lacombe, Yin Ling, Omran Allatif, Céline Cruciani-Guglielmacci, Sébastien André, Nathalie Viguerie, Christine Poitou, Vladimir Stich, Alexandra Torcivia, Fabienne Foufelle, Serge Luquet, Judith Aron-Wisnewsky, Dominique Langin, Karine Clément, Irina A Udalova, Nicolas Venteclef
Journal: Nature Medicine (2015)
Immunotherapy with depigmented‐polymerized mixed tree pollen extract: a clinical trial and responder analysis
Authors: O. Pfaar, D. S. Robinson, A. Sager, R. Emuzyte
Journal: Allergy (2010)

Rhinoconjunctivitis because of tree pollen sensitization is common in Northern Europe. Specific subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is the only disease-modifying treatment, but unmodified allergen extracts carry a risk of allergic side-effects. Our objective was to examine efficacy and safety of a depigmented-polymerized mixed tree pollen extract. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 184 tree pollen allergic adults was performed. SCIT consisted of four increasing doses at 7-day intervals, then maintenance injections every 6 weeks for 18 months. Primary outcome was combined symptom and medication score during the 2008 season. Secondary outcomes included analysis at different levels of pollen exposure and a responder analysis. Adverse events were classified using the EAACI scale. Birch pollen-specific IgE and IgG(4) were measured before and after treatment. The combined symptom and medication score of actively treated patients was significantly lower than those on placebo (P < 0.04). Increased efficacy was seen at high pollen exposure (median score 2.1 for active [IQR 0.7-3.4] vs 4.2 [IQR 2.4-5.3] for placebo for days with 500 or more pollen grains per m(3) , a 50% reduction, P < 0.01). A modified responder analysis revealed 64% responders in the active and 32% in the placebo group (P < 0.01). There were 17 systemic reactions. All were mild (grade 1 or 2) and required no treatment. Serum birch-specific IgG(4) increased in the SCIT group (P < .01). SCIT with depigmented- polymerized tree pollen extract was clinically effective and well tolerated. Responder analysis suggested that one-third of patients treated with immunotherapy may not respond.
Late-breaking abstract: Nasal symptoms are common in subjects with COPD and concomitant heart disease
Authors: Anne Lindberg, Lars-Gunnar Larsson, Eva Rönmark, Bo Lundbäck
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Systemic inflammation has been suggested as a possible link between cardiovascular (CV) disease and COPD. Also nasal symptoms have been discussed in relation to COPD and systemic inflammation. Coincident data on these conditions are scarce.   Aim:  To give descriptive population based data on CV disease and nasal symptoms in COPD and non-COPD.   Methods:  All subjects with COPD according to GOLD, FEV 1 /FVC   Results:  CV disease (heart disease (HD), hypertension, stroke, claudicatio) was more prevalent in COPD compared to in Nlf; 50.1% vs 41.0% (p   Conclusion:  Cardiovascular disease and nasal symptoms were common in COPD, and Rlf did also identify a population with increased CV disease burden. The overlap between heart disease and nasal symptoms was large in subjects with COPD but also in Rlf.
Effect of Neuraminidase on Tumor Development and Growth2
Authors: Barbara H. Sanford
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Effect of Neuraminidase on Tumor Development and Growth Get access Barbara H. Sanford Barbara H. Sanford Department of Microbiology Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 4, October 1973, Pages 1393–1394, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.4.1393 Published: 01 October 1973
Treating hyperhidrosis
Authors: J. Collin
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Physiological sweating from cutaneous eccrine glands maintains normothermia and skin hydration. Properly hydrated palmar skin contributes to the effectiveness of normal grip and permits tasks such as turning the pages of the BMJ . Hyperhidrosis is unphysiological and excessive sweating, which squanders water and electrolytes without compensatory cooling from the latent heat or enthalpy of evaporation. It affects about 1% of the United Kingdom population. What help can be offered to patients with this disabling condition?

Hyperhidrosis commonly affects the palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, or the armpits, but in a small number of patients it occurs over the whole body surface. In most patients palmar and/or axillary hyperhidrosis is the major problem, and it is freedom from sweating in the hands or armpits that they seek. In some patients hyperhidrosis affects only the hands or armpits or soles of the feet. Patients with palmar hyperhidrosis have a slippy grip and a cold wet handshake, and their sweat drips into computer keyboards, wets paper, and smudges ink. Exuberant axillary and plantar hyperhidrosis stains and damages clothing and shoes. Eccrine sweat is initially odourless, but patients are embarrassed and inconvenienced by having …
933. Sendai Virus Vector Can Efficiently Introduce Transgene into Cardiomyocytes In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Yukiko Honma, Yoshinori Ito, Hironari Dehari, Masayoshi Kobune, Jinghua Huang, Kiminori Nakamura, Takeshi Kobayashi, Takeshi Uzuka, Sachie Hirai, Hiroaki Uchida, Makoto Inoue, Mamoru Hasegawa, Masayuki Morikawa, Noritsugu Tohse, Tomio Abe, Hirofumi Hamada
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Background: Sendai virus (SeV), a rodent respiratory virus considered non-pathogenic for humans, is a negative-strand RNA virus, classified as a type I parainfluenza virus belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae. Recently, efficient gene transduction into various primary cultured cells and tissues by a recombinant Sendai virus vector (SeVV) has been reported. However, the feasibility of using SeVV in the context of myocardial gene therapy was not evaluated. In the present study, we evaluated SeVV-mediated gene-transfer into cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo
Abstract 4313: Efficacy of fluorescence-guided surgery on primary human osteosarcoma
Authors: Shinji Miwa, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Shuya Yano, Yasunori Matsumoto, Fuminari Uehara, Mako Yamamoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We investigated the effectiveness of fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) to improve outcomes in an orthotopic mouse model of human osteosarcoma. 143B-RFP human osteosarcoma cells were injected into the intramedullary cavity of the tibia in 32 nude mice. Two weeks after the implantation, 16 mice underwent FGS, and the other 16 mice underwent bright-light surgery (BLS). Half of the BLS and FGS mice (8 mice in each group) underwent adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatin. Weekly imaging of the mice was performed and RFP-expressing areas were recorded. The fluorescent area of residual tumor after BLS and FGS were 10.2 ± 2.4 mm2 and 0.1 ± 0.1 mm2, respectively (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The residual tumor grew after BLS and BLS+CDDP. In contrast, the FGS mice and the FGS+CDDP mice had almost no tumor growth. Disease-free survival (DFS) in the BLS-, the BLS+CDDP-, the FGS-, and the FGS+CDDP-treated mice was 12.5%, 37.5%, 75.0%, and 87.5%, respectively. The FGS-treated mice had significantly higher DFS rate than the BLS-treated mice (P = 0.021), and the FGS+CDDP-treated mice had significantly higher DFS rate than the BLS+CDDP-treated mice (P = 0.043). Although chemotherapy significantly reduced multiple metastases (P = 0.033), there was no significant correlation between FGS and lung metastasis. Our study showed that FGS significantly reduced the recurrence of the tumor, but did not reduce lung metastasis. To reduce tumor recurrence and multiple metastases, the combination of FGS and chemotherapy may be necessary in the clinic. Citation Format: Shinji Miwa, Yukihiko Hiroshima, Shuya Yano, Yasunori Matsumoto, Fuminari Uehara, Mako Yamamoto, Hiroaki Kimura, Katsuhiro Hayashi, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Robert M. Hoffman. Efficacy of fluorescence-guided surgery on primary human osteosarcoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4313. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4313
Abstract #4436: Rb regulation of the src substrate Trask
Authors: Deepika Ahuja, Chibo Hong, Joseph Costello, Mark Moasser
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Src kinases are activated in many human cancers. Their tumorigenic effects are complex and mediated through numerous effectors. We recently identified a novel cell cycle src kinase substrate named Trask. Trask is a transmembrane glycoprotein that undergoes significant tyrosine phosphorylation during the mitotic phase of epithelial cells. In experimental models, the overexpression and overphosphorylation of Trask promotes cell rounding and loss of adhesion. Although interphase phosphorylation is not evident in adherent untransformed epithelia, Trask is phosphorylated in many interphase cancer cells. In particular, we find that Trask is most significantly phosphorylated in Rb-deficient cancer cells. This observation suggested a potential link between Trask phosphorylation and Rb. We studied this relationship in Rb-deficient MDA-MB-468 cells, in which Trask is constitutively phosphorylated. We generated MDA-MB-468 cells stably expressing a doxycycline-inducible Rb expression cassette. Rb-induction in these cells reduces proliferative growth and prolongs the G1 cell cycle phase as would be expected. Trask phosphorylation declines significantly with Rb induction. The effect occurs with a latency of several days suggesting intermediary mechanisms. This is not due to any change in expression or activity of src or yes kinases. The induction of Rb expression results in a global decrease in DNA methylation in these cells. Treatment with 5-azacytidine similarly reverts Trask phosphorylation suggesting that Rb regulates Trask phosphorylation through epigenetically controlled gene expression. Through microarray gene expression studies we have identified candidate phosphatases regulated by Rb. These data suggest a role for the src substrate Trask in regulating cell shape and adhesion in Rb-deficient tumors.  Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 4436.
Mass gatherings: Infectious disease surveillance and modeling across geographic frontiers and scientific disciplines
Authors: K Khan, S McNabb, Z Memish, R Eckhardt, W Hu, D Kossowsky, J Sears, J Arino, Anders F Johansson, M Barbeschi, B McCloskey, B Henry, M Cetron, JS Brownstein
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2012)
Abstract 2058: Molecular imaging of glutaminolysis as a tool for evaluating therapeutic response in preclinical models of colorectal cancer
Authors: Matthew R. Hight, Michael L. Schulte, Samir Saleh, Gregory D. Ayers, Frank L. Revetta, M. Kay Washington, Robert J. Coffey, H. Charles Manning
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The metabolic repertoire of cancer cells diverge significantly from that of normal cells. Energy production in cancer cells tends to depend on aerobic glycolysis, a feature that is routinely monitored by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging using 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG). In addition to predilection for glycolysis, cancer cells may possess other unique metabolic characteristics, such as increased consumption of glutamine. As with glucose, glutamine also serves as a key carbon source for ATP production and biosynthesis. Given this, quantitative measures of glutaminolysis may reflect critical processes in oncology. Accordingly, PET agents targeting glutamine uptake, such as 4-[18F]fluoro-glutamine ([18F]4F-GLN), have been reported and used in preclinical models of cancer. The goal of this study was to elucidate the feasibility of using [18F]4F-GLN PET to predict response to targeted therapy within the context of colorectal cancer (CRC). Initially we validated expression of SLC1A5, the primary plasma membrane transporter of glutamine, in tumor and normal colon specimens for 58 patients with primary and advanced CRC. We found that SLC1A5 expression was elevated in over 80%of primary tumor specimens but did not correlate with grade or gender. Furthermore, elevated SLC1A5 expression correlated strongly with elevated Ki67, a molecular marker of proliferation. Given this, we evaluated [18F]4F-GLN PET in preclinical models of V600EBRAF-expressing CRC as a means of detecting anti-proliferation responses to targeted therapeutics. Simulating a clinical study within the context of the Vanderbilt GI SPORE, the regimen included an inhibitor of mutant BRAF, a PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, and a combination there of. Strikingly, [18F]4F-GLN PET was found to correlate more closely to markers of anti-proliferative responses in vivo than analogously performed [18F]FDG PET imaging studies. We believe that these findings not only provide a greater understanding of the role that glutaminolysis plays in CRC but also illuminate the potential impact that glutaminolysis derived PET could have towards guiding drug development clinical trials as an imaging metric of early therapeutic response detection. Citation Format: Matthew R. Hight, Michael L. Schulte, Samir Saleh, Gregory D. Ayers, Frank L. Revetta, M. Kay Washington, Robert J. Coffey, H. Charles Manning. Molecular imaging of glutaminolysis as a tool for evaluating therapeutic response in preclinical models of colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2058. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2058