tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 19681: Endothelial PGC-1alpha Mediates Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes
Authors: Naoki Sawada, Aihua Jiang, Fumihiko Takizawa, Kevin Croce, Andre Manika, Yevgenia Tesmenitsky, Kyu-Tae Kang, Joyce Bischoff, Hermann Kalwa, Thomas Michel, Yasutomi Kamei, Laura Benjamin, Masataka Sata, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Zolt Arany
Journal: Circulation (2012)

[Background] Endothelial dysfunction and aberrant angiogenesis is a hallmark of diabetes. How metabolic perturbations deteriorate endothelial function, however, still remains elusive. The transcriptional coactivator PPARgamma-coactivator-1alpha (PGC-1alpha) is a powerful regulator of metabolism in numerous cell types and is involved in the development of diabetes, but its role in endothelial cells remains poorly understood. [Objective] We hypothesized that PGC-1alpha may mediate endothelial dysfunction and aberrant neovascularization associated with diabetes. [Methods and Results] PGC-1alpha mRNA was upregulated by two to fivefold in cultured endothelial cells (ECs) following high glucose stimulation as well as in the ECs isolated from distinct diabetic mouse models (streptozocin-induced type I DM, high fat diet (HFD) feeding, and ob/ob mice). Forced expression of PGC-1alpha abolished VEGF and S1P-induced EC migration, and diminished the capacity of EPCs to undergo vasculogenesis. Conversely, pro-angiogenic factors like VEGF, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and NO rapidly downregulated PGC-1alpha in ECs, suggesting a role for PGC-1alpha in angiogenic signaling. Consistently, deletion of PGC-1alpha caused pronounced EC migration to a level comparable to that provoked by VEGF. Mechanistically, the angiostatic effect of PGC-1alpha was mediated through inhibition of Rac1 and Akt/eNOS pathway. Transgenic overexpression of PGC-1alpha in ECs in vivo recapitulated multiple diabetic phenotypes, including aberrant reendothelialization in response to carotid injury, wound healing, and blood flow recovery in response to hindlimb ischemia. Conversely, deletion of PGC-1alpha in ECs rescued wound healing dysfunction in type I and II diabetic animals, and restored blood flow recovery in type I diabetic animals with hindlimb ischemia. [Conclusion] Our data identify EC PGC-1alpha as a critical negative regulator of endothelial function and angiogenesis. Upregulation of PGC-1alpha by hyperglycemia renders ECs unable to properly undergo angiogenesis, and thus constitutes a critical mechanism underlying vascular dysfunction in diabetes.
Treating Superficial Venous Thrombophlebitis
Authors: Jason T. Lee, Maziyar A. Kalani
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2008)

Superficial venous thrombophlebitis (SVT) is characterized as a localized inflammatory condition of the venous vessels underlying the skin. It arises from thrombosis of a superficial vein, and clinical presentation usually involves pain, erythema, and tenderness at the sites of inflammation. Although the condition is usually self-limited and not serious or fatal, symptomatic superficial thrombophlebitis can be debilitating, limit movement and certain capabilities, or progress to involve the deep venous system and cause pulmonary embolism. SVT is typically associated with venous valvular insufficiency, pregnancy, infection, and prothrombotic conditions, including malignancy. Currently, medical therapies comprising bedrest, elastic stockings, compression bandages, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and low molecular weight heparins are used to reduce the extension of inflammation and recurrence of thrombotic events in patients experiencing SVT. In patients refractory to conservative measures, surgical interventions such as phlebectomy, sclerotherapy, saphenous junction ligation, or saphenous vein stripping are potential treatments.
Weight of CURB-65 criteria for community-acquired pneumonia in a very low-mortality-rate setting
Authors: Qi Guo, Hai-yan Li, Yi-ping Zhou, Ming Li, Xiao-ke Chen, Hui Liu, Hong-lin Peng, Hai-qiong Yu, Xia Chen, Nian Liu, Li-hua Liang, Qing-zhou Zhao, Mei Jiang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

BACKGROUND: The CURB-65 score is a simple well validated tool for the assessment of severity in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Weight of each criterion in very low-mortality-rate settings is not clear. OBJECTIVE: To determine the weight. METHODS: 1230 adult patients admitted to our hospital from 2005 to 2009 for CAP were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: 30-day mortality rose sharply from 0%, 1.0%, 8.2% and 16.7%, respectively, for patients with CURB-65 scores of 0, 1, 2 and 3 to 100.0% for patients with the scores of 4 ( p < 0.001). Confusion had the strongest association with mortality.

View this table:

Table 1 Association of CURB-65 criteria with 30-day mortality (n = 1230)





Low blood pressure was not associated with mortality. Confusion, urea > 7/mmol·L−1 and age ≥ 65/yrs showed independent relationships with mortality (Odds ratio, 11.537, 5.988 and 10.462; respectively). Urea > 7/mmol·L−1 was most strongly associated with sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores. Confusion was in closest relation to hospital length of stay. Age ≥ 65/yrs had the strongest association with costs. CONCLUSIONS: The individual CURB-65 criteria were of unequal weight in predicting 30-day mortality, SOFA scores, hospital length of stay and costs in a very low-mortality-rate setting, and low blood pressure was not associated with mortality.
Study of diagnostic factors of OSA in Chinese children
Authors: Li Chang, Ling Cao
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objective   To study the diagnostic factors of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in Chinese children    Methods   141 Chinese children were included in this retrospective study. Each child had a sleep questionnaire and nocturnal PSG. An apnea–hypopnea index (AHI) >5 was defined as OSA. Oxygen desaturation index (ODI) and occurrence ratio of sleep problems were compared between OSA and non-OSA groups using the chi-square test. Items that indicated statistically significant differences were tested with non-parametric Spearman correlation tests and binary logistic regression. ODI cut-off point was determined through ODI receiver operating characteristic analysis.    Results   Among the 141 patients, 78 (55%) were diagnosed with OSA. Occurrences of observable apnea during sleep, mouth breathing, and restless sleep were significantly different between the OSA and non-OSA groups (20.5% vs. 4.8%, 85.9% vs. 71.4%, 69.2% vs. 52.4%, respectively, P     Conclusions   ODI and occurrences of observable apnea during sleep, mouth breathing, and restless sleep were important diagnostic factor, and they could predict the diagnosis of OSA in Chinese children.
Detection of Humoral Antibody Response to Polyoma Tumor-Specific Cell-Surface Antigen
Authors: Chou-Chik Ting, Ronald B. Herberman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Journal Article Detection of Humoral Antibody Response to Polyoma Tumor-Specific Cell-Surface Antigen Get access Chou-Chik Ting, Chou-Chik Ting Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ronald B. Herberman Ronald B. Herberman Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute,4Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 44, Issue 3, March 1970, Pages 729–737, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/44.3.729 Published: 01 March 1970 Article history Received: 17 November 1969 Accepted: 02 December 1969 Published: 01 March 1970
Pulmonaryhydatid cysts: Evencommon pathology
Authors: Othman Neffati, Smadhi Hanène, Fekih Leila, Soussi Ghassen, Greb Dorra, Hassen Hela, Akrout Ines, Benabdelghaffar Hajer, Megdiche Mohamed Lamine
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Pulmonary hydatid cyst is a parasitic disease caused by contamination of patients by the larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. The lung is the preferential localization after the liver.  Material and Methods:A retrospective study of 40 cases of hydatid cysts of the lung treated between 2011 and 2013.  Purpose:To establish the epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic findings of hydatid cysts.  Results:26men and 14 women were included. The average age was 36 years [13-80 years]. Rural origin was noted in 73% of cases. Hydatid contagion was noted in 80% of cases.A history of hepatic hydatid cyst was found in 10% of cases. The clinical signs were dominated by chest pain (60%of cases), hemoptysis (35%of cases), cough (30%of cases), fever (25%of cases) and hydatid vomica (20% cases). Radiological findings showed: homogeneous round opacity (60% of cases), opacity overcome by gaseous crescent (20%of cases), hydroaeric image (15%of cases), and balloon release (5%of cases). The right sidewas achievedin 50% of cases. The lesions werebilateralin 20% of cases. CT scan performed in 18 cases showed a healthy cyst (50% of cases), a complicated cyst (35%) and rupturedintothe pleura in 10% of cases.Endoscopy done in 8 patients showed hydatid membranes in 40% of cases. Hydatidserology waspositivein80% of cases.Pulmonary hydatid cyst was isolated in 34 cases, associated with a liver cyst in 4 cases and mediastinal hydatid cyst in 2 cases. Surgery was indicated in all patients. Two patients received also medical treatment with albendazole for multiple hydatid disease. The evolution was good.  Conclusion:Pulmonary hydatid disease is still common in our climate.Treatment is often surgical. Prevention is essential especially in endemic areas.
Mitotic Delay and Chromosomal Aberrations Induced by X Rays in Synchronized Chinese Hamster Cells &lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C K Yu, W K Sinclair
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Synchronized Chinese hamster cell populations in vitro were X-irradiated at different stages of the cell cycle and examined at the next metaphase. Mitotic delay varied according to the stage of the cell cycle at the time of irradiation. It was greatest for cells irradiated in middle to late S, moderate for cells irradiated in G2, and least for cells irradiated in G1. It increased approximately linearly with dose (0.7 hr./1 00 rad for S cells and 0.3 hr./1 00 rad for Gt cells). Chromosomal aberration rates also depended on the stage of the cell cycle at which the cells were irradiated. Chromatid aberrations were induced mostly during G2 and S (more in early S than late S), while chromosome aberrations were induced mainly in Gt. Total breaks after 500 or 750 R showed a minimum frequency in late Sand a maximum frequency in G2. This form of response correlates, but only in a general qualitative way, with the dependence of survival on cell cycle stage previously reported. Mitotic delay has a dependence on cell cycle stage quite different from either chromosomal aberrations or survival.
Impairment of endothelial function by chronic intermittent hypoxia in ApoE-/- mice - Implications for anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative treatment
Authors: Izabela Tuleta, Nikos Werner, Carolina Nunes Franca, Daniela Wenzel, Bernd K. Fleischmann, Georg Nickenig, Dirk Skowasch
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: In our present study we sought to determine the influence of intermittent hypoxia on the endothelial function and to prove the reversibility of hypoxia-associated vascular changes under anti-inflammatory (infliximab) and anti-oxidative (L-glutathione) therapy.

Methods: 36 ApoE-/- mice fed a high-cholesterol diet were divided into 4 groups: 1-3 under intermittent hypoxia 8 h/day for 6 weeks. Additionally, groups 2 and 3 were injected intraperitoneally with infliximab (1x week) and L-glutathione (3x week), respectively. Group 4 under normoxia= control. Endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation was measured by an organ bath technique. In cell culture experiments from spleen cells, the percentage of Dil-LDL/lectin double positive cells and the number of colony forming units in late outgrowth endothelial progenitor cells were analyzed by fluorescence and light microscopy, resp. Sca1/flk1 positive cells in bone marrow were counted by flow cytometry.

Results: Endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation was significantly decreased under hypoxia (73±6% vs. control: 45±6%); infliximab and L-glutathione normalized endothelial function (47±6%, 47±9%, resp.). The numbers of Dil-LDL/lectin+ cells and colony forming units were significantly higher in hypoxia compared to other groups. The percentage of sca1/flk1+ cells was increased in hypoxia vs. control and it was reduced in both drug groups (p<0.05).

Conclusions: Obstructive sleep apnoea may contribute to atherosclerosis via intermittent hypoxia-induced impairment of endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. Infliximab and L-glutathione improve endothelial function and restore endothelial homeostasis.
Gastric B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. Clinicopathological study and evaluation of the prognostic factors in 143 patients
Authors: C. Montalbàn, M.J. Castrillo, V. Abraira, M. Serrano, C. Bellas, M.A. Piris, R. Carrion, M.A. Cruz, J.G. Laraña, J. Menarguez, F. Gomez-Marcos, C. Rivas
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1995)
Can Acupuncture have Specific Effects on Health? A Systematic Review of Acupuncture Antiemesis Trials
Authors: Andrew J Vickers
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

The effects of acupuncture on health are generally hard to assess. Stimulation of the P6 acupuncture point is used to obtain an antiemetic effect and this provides an excellent model to study the efficacy of acupuncture. Thirty-three controlled trials have been published worldwide in which the P6 acupuncture point was stimulated for treatment of nausea and/or vomiting associated with chemotherapy, pregnancy, or surgery. P6 acupuncture was equal or inferior to control in all four trials in which it was administered under anaesthesia; in 27 of the remaining 29 trials acupuncture was statistically superior. A second analysis was restricted to 12 high-quality randomized placebo-controlled trials in which P6 acupuncture point stimulation was not administered under anaesthesia. Eleven of these trials, involving nearly 2000 patients, showed an effect of P6. The reviewed papers showed consistent results across different investigators, different groups of patients, and different forms of acupuncture point stimulation. Except when administered under anaesthesia, P6 acupuncture point stimulation seems to be an effective antiemetic technique. Researchers are faced with a choice between deciding that acupuncture does have specific effects, and changing from ‘Does acupuncture work?’ to a set of more practical questions; or deciding that the evidence on P6 antiemesis does not provide sufficient proof, and specifying what would constitute acceptable evidence.
Daytime sleepiness and cardiovascular complications in moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients
Authors: Robert Plywaczewski, Anna Czyzak-Gradkowska, Przemyslaw Bielen, Monika Targowska, Pawel Sliwinski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

OSA is recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular complications. Some previous studies revealed an association between excessive daytime sleepiness and blood pressure profile and other cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to estimate a frequency of cardiovascular complications in OSA pts with and without daytime sleepiness assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), ESS ≥11 points vs. ESS ≤10 points respectively. 1078 consecutive OSA pts were examined (AHI=39.5±21.7, BMI=34.1±6.4 kg/m 2 , mean SaO 2 =90.8±5.7%, ESS=11.3±5.8 points). ESS≤10 points was found in 490 pts (45.4%), ESS ≥11 was found in 588 pts (54.5%). Comparison of both groups is shown in the table below.  Conclusions: OSA subjects with daytime sleepiness were younger, more obese and presented with significantly more severe disease (higher AHI and T90 and lower mean SaO 2 ). Higher prevalence of CAD and atrial fibrillation was found in OSA subjects without daytime sleepiness.
Frequency of multidrug resistant pathogens in healthcare associated pneumonia
Authors: Talha Shahzad, Javaid Ahmed Khan, Muhammed Irfan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Healthcare associated pneumonia was introduced as a distinct type in the 2005 IDSA/ATS guidelines. This concept has been controversial as several subsequent studies have indicated a low frequency of multidrug resistant pathogens in such patients.  OBJECTIVES: To determine the frequency of multidrug resistant pathogens in patients admitted with healthcare associated pneumonia.  METHODS: This cross sectional study was conducted over 1 year period from 1st July 2012 till 31st June 2013. Multidrug resistant pathogens included in the study were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia and Escherichia coli. Etiology of causative organism were stratified by age and gender to control the affect modifier and chi-square test was applied to see the effect of these on outcome variable.  RESULTS: A total of 155 patients with healthcare associated pneumonia with positive bacterial cultures were recruited. 97 patients(62.6%) were males while 58(37.4%) were females. The mean age was 61.2 years. Out of 155, 119 patients had cultures positive for multidrug resistant pathogens. Of them, 61 patients(39.4%) were infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 27 patients(17.4%) were infected with Klebsiella pneumonia, 17 patients(11%) were infected with Escherichia coli and 14 patients(9%) were infected with Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus.  CONCLUSION: A significant number of patients admitted with healthcare associated pneumonia were infected with multidrug resistant pathogens. This study supports the current concept of healthcare associated pneumonia as a risk factor for multidrug resistant pathogens in our setting as well.
SUN SCREENING SUBSTANCES..
Authors: DANILO V. STEVANOVIĆ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1960)

Journal Article SUN SCREENING SUBSTANCES.: Their Physical Evaluation and Clinical Application. Get access DANILO V. STEVANOVIĆ, M.D., M.Sc. (Cantab.) DANILO V. STEVANOVIĆ, M.D., M.Sc. (Cantab.) Department of Dermatology, University of Belgrade Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 72, Issue 7, 1 July 1960, Pages 271–278, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1960.tb13890.x Published: 01 July 1960
Oral Mucosal Carcinogenesis in Hamsters: Inhibition by Vitamin E&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G Shklar
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Eighty young adult male and female Syrian golden hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were divided into 4 equal experimental groups. In group I animals the left buccal pouch was painted three times weekly with a 0.5% solution of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in heavy mineral oil. In group 2 animals the left buccal pouch was similarly painted with DMBA, but the animals also received orally 10 mg vitamin E (dl-alpha-tocopherol) in peanut oil twice weekly on alternate days with DMBA painting. Group 1 animals received a similar amount of peanut oil vehicle, group 3 animals received only vitamin E (vitamin E controls) in peanut oil, and group 4 animals served as untreated controls receiving only peanut oil. Four animals in each group (2 males and 2 females) were killed at 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16 weeks. Buccal pouches were photographed and excised, and tumors were noted and measured in the left buccal pouches. In group 2 animals receiving vitamin E, tumor formation was significantly delayed, so that by 14-16 weeks there were fewer tumors and their average size was smaller than that of tumors in group 1 animals that were painted with DMBA but received no vitamin E supplement. In group 2 there was also less invasion of underlying tissues and less surface necrosis.
Combination Chemotherapy With Carboplatin and Docetaxel in the Treatment of Cancers of the Ovary and Fallopian Tube and Primary Carcinoma of the Peritoneum
Authors: Maurie Markman, Alexander Kennedy, Kenneth Webster, Gertrude Peterson, Barbara Kulp, Jerome Belinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: Standard chemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer currently includes a platinum agent (usually carboplatin) and paclitaxel. Because docetaxel is an active agent in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, it is relevant to evaluate both the toxicity and efficacy of the combination of carboplatin and docetaxel in this clinical setting. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The Gynecologic Oncology Program of the Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Center conducted a phase II trial of carboplatin (area under the concentration-versus-time curve of 6) and docetaxel (60 mg/m 2 ), delivered every 3 weeks for six courses, in patients with ovarian and fallopian tube cancers and primary carcinoma of the peritoneum who had either received no prior chemotherapy or had experienced a treatment-free interval of greater than 2 years before developing disease recurrence. RESULTS: Fifty patients (median age, 57 years; range, 44 to 81 years) entered the trial (47 had had no prior chemotherapy). Our toxicity findings included the following: grade 4 neutropenia (64% of patients); hypersensitivity reactions (34%, none requiring discontinuation of therapy); peripheral neuropathy (6%). We had objective responses for 32 of 42 (81%) assessable patients. CONCLUSION: The combination of carboplatin and docetaxel is highly active in ovarian cancer, with the major toxicity being bone marrow suppression. Hypersensitivity reactions are frequent but do not prevent continuation of treatment. With the dose and schedule employed in this trial, neurotoxicity is uncommon. Defining a role for this regimen in routine clinical practice will require the conduct of randomized controlled clinical trials.
Metastatic Ewing's sarcoma: remission induction and survival.
Authors: F A Hayes, E I Thompson, L Parvey, B Rao, L Kun, D Parham, H O Hustu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Eighteen patients with previously untreated metastatic Ewing's sarcoma (ES) entered a protocol designed to evaluate the response rate to cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin induction therapy delivered before delayed surgery and delayed lower dose, limited-field radiation therapy, (RT), and maintenance chemotherapy. With chemotherapy and delayed surgery, 14 of 18 were rendered free of gross tumor. RT was delivered to the primary site of 11 of these responding patients, plus four of those not free of gross disease. Following RT, two more attained complete clinical remission. Site of primary or metastases did not influence outcome; however, the size of the primary at diagnosis did appear to do so. Ten patients remain disease-free 16 to 82 months (median, 47 months) from diagnosis.