tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Anti-inflammatory action of Gibberellin in lung epithelial cells is mediated by modification of NF-κB related kinase expression
Authors: Ruth Barsden, Alexandrina Todd, Catriona Kelly, Madeleine Ennis, Bettina Schock
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Airway inflammation is driven by activation of the transcription factor NF-kB. NF-kB signalling is negatively regulated by the zinc finger protein A20. In Cystic Fibrosis A20 expression / function is significantly reduced and the lack of A20 is associated with reduced lung function (Kelly et al. 2012, 2013). The plant diterpene gibberellin (GA 3 ) has anti-inflammatory properties by induction of A20 and reduction of the NF-κB subunit p65, but A20 itself is NF-κB induced. The pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of NF-κB may be mediated by different activation (phosphorylation) of p65 facilitated by IKKα/β, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β (GSK3β) and Tank Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1).  We hypothesised that the anti-inflammatory action of GA 3  is mediated by the p65 phosphorylating kinases.  Our results with bronchial epithelial cell lines show significantly increased expression of IKKα/β and GSK3β in CF epithelial cells. GA alone induces IKKα/β and TBK1 (8, 4h). Importantly, in CF cells, GA 3  reduces the LPS-induced expression of IKKα/β and GSK3β (8h after LPS). GSK3β is a key regulator of inflammation, phosphorylating p65 on Ser536 and Ser468. In non-activated cells, GSK3β is constitutively active, giving rise to p65 Ser468 phosphorylation, which is associated with negative control of NF-kB. Using A20 induction by Hepatocyte Growth Factor, the 9anti-inflammatory 9 arm of NF-κB has been described to be mediated by inactivation of GSK3β and suppression of p65 Ser468 phosphorylation (Gong et al. 2008). Further work will investigate the effect of GA 3  on p65 phosphorylation and on stimulated epithelial cells from patients with chronic airway disease such as CF and asthma.
Influence of Cysteine on the Intestinal Epithelium of X-Irradiated Rats
Authors: Robert P. Beliles, James G. Kereiakes, Adolph T. Krebs
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

Cysteine reduced the degree of X-ray-induced mitotic inhibition of the epithelial cells in the small intestine of rats exposed to 100 r and 300 r whole-body irradiation. For a 300 r dose level, the rate of recovery of the mitotic activity of the cysteine-treated rats was approximately the same as for the untreated rats. The time required for recovery of the mitotic activity varied with the radiation dose. A disappearance of crypt structure at the higher dose range, 1000 r and 3000 r, was noted. The protective effect of cysteine on crypt structure was reflected by increased survival in rats pretreated with cysteine at 1000 r. For 3000 r, some protection by cysteine was indicated in early mitotic-activity observations and in a slight increase in the survival time.
Concerns of old, revisited
Authors: Gregory J. Madden
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Commentaries surrounding Skinner (1984) were re-examined and applied to Hull et al. Hull et al. were found to address many of these concerns by paying attention to neuroscience, by providing some discussion of the origins of behavior, and by forwarding a deterministic account that may prove as revolutionary as that of Copernicus and Darwin.
Preparation and characterization of solidified oleanolic acid–phospholipid complex aiming to improve the dissolution of oleanolic acid
Authors: Xiaoxu Yang, Qikun Jiang, Ping Du, Juanhang Zhao, Tianhong Zhang
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

The purpose of this study was to prepare the oleanolic acid–phospholipid complex (OA-PC) and then solidify it employing fumed silica by simple solvent evaporation technique to improve dissolution rate of oleanolic acid and oleanolic acid–phospholipid complex. The process of OA-PC was optimized and the type and proportion of fumed silica were studied by dissolution text. The structures of the phospholipid complex and solidified powder were also characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope. In the dissolution tests, OA from solidified powder was further released compared with that from pure OA and OA-PC in different kinds of dissolution media. These results suggest that the method of preparing solidified powder of oleanolic acid–phospholipid complex is suitable for enhancing the dissolution rate of OA and OA-PC.
Androgen-deprivation and interleukin-6 (IL-6) suppress Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) metastasis suppressor gene (MSG) expression.
Authors: Meghan M. Brennan
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

3423 

RKIP is a MSG whose expression is down-regulated through unknown mechanisms in prostate cancer (CaP) metastases. CaP cancer is often treated with androgen deprivation, which has been shown to increase expression of IL-6, a cytokine known to activate the androgen receptor. The goal of this study was to determine if androgen or IL-6 regulate RKIP expression. Androgen-responsive LNCaP cells were initially treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) 5nM or vehicle (V) for 24 or 48 h. Real time RT-PCR was performed to measure PSA and RKIP which were normalized to β-microglobulin levels. DHT induced RKIP expression by approximately 32% and 46% compared to V at 24 and 48 h, respectively. Then LNCaP cells were treated with V or IL-6 (50ng) for 2, 6 or 24 h and RKIP expression was measured and normalized to GAPDH. IL-6 decreased RKIP expression compared to V by approximately 63%, 45%, 48% at 2, 6 and 24 h, respectively. To determine the in vivo relevance of these findings, mice were orchiectomized and RKIP expression in various tissues was measured by RT-PCR over five days. Orchiectomy suppressed RKIP expression in prostate, muscle and lung and had no effect on RKIP expression in brain, stomach and spleen. These data demonstrate that androgen-deprivation and IL-6 suppress RKIP expression. These data are consistent with the possibility that androgen ablation therapy in men with CaP cancer decreases RKIP expression in prostate tissue, perhaps through IL-6. The lowered RKIP expression secondary to androgen-deprivation may then promote development of metastasis due to loss of RKIP’s metastasis suppressor properties.
Atypical depression: clinical aspects and noradrenergic function
Authors: G M Asnis, L K McGinn, W C Sanderson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors assessed the frequency of atypical depression in depressed outpatients and compared clinical and biological features of patients with atypical and nonatypical depression.Depressed outpatients (N = 114) were diagnosed with the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) according to Research Diagnostic Criteria. Patients were assessed for presence or absence of atypical depression with the Atypical Depressive Disorder Scale. Atypical depression was defined as the presence of mood reactivity during the depressive episode, along with at least one of four associated features: hypersomnia, hyperphagia, leaden paralysis, and rejection sensitivity. All patients completed the SCL-90 and were rated with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, extracted from the SADS. To assess biological functioning, the authors examined cortisol response to 75 mg of desipramine, a relatively selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.Twenty-nine percent of patients met criteria for atypical depression. Patients with atypical depression were significantly more likely to be female. Patients with atypical and nonatypical depression did not differ on SCL-90 subscale scores. Although extracted Hamilton depression scale scores were significantly higher for patients with nonatypical depression, the difference was not clinically significant. Patients with atypical depression exhibited a significantly different cortisol response to desipramine injection than patients with nonatypical depression, which suggested that nonatypical depression may be associated with a more impaired norepinephrine system.In view of data in this study, as well as earlier studies, atypical depression has a unique symptom profile, may be widely prevalent, has a distinct treatment response, and may indicate a less impaired biological system than nonatypical depression. Since this is the first report to evaluate the frequency of atypical depression as well as the norepinephrine system in atypical depression, this study needs to be replicated. Nonetheless, the data support the inclusion of atypical depression as a subtype of the depressive disorders in DSM-IV.
Disability in geriatric depression
Authors: G S Alexopoulos, C Vrontou, T Kakuma, B S Meyers, R C Young, E Klausner, J Clarkin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors' purpose was to identify the relationship of disability to clinical measures that are part of a comprehensive psychiatric examination of depressed elderly patients.The disability of 75 elderly inpatients and outpatients with major depression whose cognitive function ranged from normality to mild dementia was assessed with the Philadelphia Multilevel Assessment Instrument. Age at onset of depression, chronicity of depression, severity of depression, cognitive impairment, medical burden, social support and living environment were assessed with standardized instruments.Impairment in instrumental activities of daily living was significantly associated with advanced age, severity of depression, and medical burden. The relationship of depressive symptoms to impairment in instrumental activities of daily living was not influenced by age or medical burden. Anxiety and depressive ideation as well as retardation and weight loss were significantly associated with impairment in instrumental activities of daily living. Interviewer-rated global disability was associated with advanced age at onset of depression, medical burden, and overall cognitive impairment. Specifically, a disturbance in initiation and perseveration was significantly related to global disability.Impairment in instrumental activities of daily living appears to be a relatively independent dimension of health status that is related to depressive symptoms, particularly anxiety and depressive ideation as well as retardation and weight loss. Global disability may be associated with impairment in initiation and perseveration and with late onset of depression. These findings provide a basis for studies investigating whether psychotherapy aimed at depressive ideation and rehabilitation efforts focused on instrumental activities of daily living can improve the outcome of geriatric depression.
Abstract 2601: Increased TLR-4+ Monocytes in Thrombi from the Site of Coronary Occlusion in Acute Coronary Syndromes - a Role for Innate Immunity in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Michel Neidhart, Christophe Wyss, Lukas Altwegg, Keiko Yonekawa, Franz Eberli, Roberto Corti, Marco Roffi, Nils Kucher, Thomas Lüscher, steffen Gay, Willibald Maier
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective: To evaluate and compare the expression of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 (TLR-2 and -4) in thrombi obtained at the site of coronary occlusion of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with their expression in peripheral blood (PBL) of the same patients and healthy controls. Methods: Thrombi were mechanically disrupted, treated with actilyse for 12 hours in RPMI + 10% FCS. The amount of erythrocytes was reduced by isotonic lysis. Peripheral blood from the same patients (n = 14) and from age- and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 10) were treated in the same manner. Adherent cells were detached by Accutase and mixed with the non-adhering cells. CD14+ and CD66b+ (FITC) cells were stained for TLR-2 and TLR-4 (PE) and analysed by flow cytometry. Results: TLR-4 was detected in the thrombi by immunohistochemistry. The proportion of TLR-4+ cells was markedly increased in the monocyte gate of cells isolated from the thrombus, in comparison to peripheral blood cells from the same patient or healthy controls. Most importantly, the expression of TLR-4, measured as the mean fluorescence intensity, was significantly elevated on CD14+ monocytes of the thrombus, compared to peripheral blood CD14+ cells from the same patient or healthy controls (Figure 1 ). No such differences could be found for expression of TLR 2, TLR 3 or TLR 9. Conclusion: Thrombi of patients with ACS contain an increased proportion of TLR-4+ monocytes. Thus, our results suggest that activation of innate immunity through TLR-4 is involved in ACS. This may be a part of a link between induction of heat shock proteins and thrombosis.
Acute psychotic behavior associated with atenolol
Authors: J J Viadero, S H Wong, W B White
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

SIR: �3-Adrenoreceptor blocking agents have been reported to cause many adverse CNS side effects, including fatigue, depression, nightmares, visual hallucinations, and insomnia (1). Crossover by �3-blockers from blood into the CSF and brain, with associated CNS disturbances, is facilitated by lipophilicity (2). Atenolol is a long-acting, hydrophilic �3blocker with comparatively fewer untoward CNS effects. We recently evaluated a patient who developed acute psychosis after treatment with atenolol for hypertension. A 55-year-old man with a history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and reactive depression was started on a regimen of SO mg/day of atenolol. He had also been taking 30 units of insulin for several years, noting rare, mild hypoglycemic reactions manifested by hunger and lightheadedness. Two days after starting nocturnal atenolol administration, the patient noticed vivid dreams and nightmares and lapses of short-term memory. Approximately 10 days later, the patient destroyed the interior of his house in a period of amnestic violent behavior. On admission to the hospital, he was combative and markedly confused. No focal neurological abnormalities were noted. The following laboratory studies were negative or normal: serum electrolytes, calcium, thyroid hormones, arterial blood gases, toxicology (including ethanol) screen of the blood and urine, CSF examination, and cranial CAT scan. The serum glucose was 262 mgidl. Atenolol levels in serum and CSF, determined by highperformance liquid chromatography (3), were 20 ng/ml and 10 ng/ml, respectively. The combativeness and confusion subsided within 36 hours following administration of a total of 20 mg of haloperidol. He refused rechallenge with atenolol and has had no recurrence of confusion, memory loss, or agitation in the 6 months he has been followed.
Long-Term Study of X-Irradiated Rabbits with Bone-Marrow Homotransplants&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K. A. Porter, J. E. Murray
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1958)

Journal Article Long-Term Study of X-Irradiated Rabbits with Bone-Marrow Homotransplants Get access K. A. Porter, K. A. Porter Laboratories for Surgical Research, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. E. Murray J. E. Murray Laboratories for Surgical Research, Harvard Medical School and Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 1958, Pages 189–205, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/20.1.189 Published: 01 January 1958 Article history Received: 05 August 1957 Published: 01 January 1958
Chronic mental patients: the quality of life issue
Authors: Anthony F. Lehman, Nancy C. Ward, Lawrence S. Linn
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Quality of life issues must be addressed more vigorously in the care of chronic mental patients. In a survey of 30 large board-and-care homes in Los Angeles, 278 mentally disabled residents described their life conditions and satisfaction in eight areas: living situation, family relations, social relations, leisure activities, work, finances, safety, and health. Residents were less satisfied than the general population in most life areas, especially finances, unemployment, safety, and family and social relations (p less than .001). Of particular concern was the finding that 34% had been recent victims of crime. The results underscore the need for better social programs for these patients.
Abstract 14105: An Increase in the Serum High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level May be a Better Predictor of Coronary Plaque Regression in Japanese Subjects: Evaluation by Receiver Operating Characteristic Analysis
Authors: Shigemasa Tani, Michiaki Matsumoto, Takeo Anazawa, Hirofumi Kawamata, Shingo Furuya, Hiroshi Takahashi, Kiyoshi Iida, Takehiko Washio, Narimichi Kumabe, Ken Nagao, Atsushi Hirayama
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The level of serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) achieved and change in serum LDL-C level in response to statin therapy may not be reflected in coronary plaque regression ...
Abstract 1891: Human Vascular Progenitor Cells Form Conductive Coronary Artery in Dogs with Critical Coronary Artery Stenosis
Authors: Francesco Lo Monaco, Caroline Ojaimi, Massimo Dora, Claudia Bearzi, Alessandro Gatti, Jan Kajstura, Annarosa Leri, Piero Anversa, Thomas H Hintze
Journal: Circulation (2008)

To determine whether the human heart possesses a coronary vascular progenitor cell (VPC) that regulates the growth of endothelial cells (ECs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and vasculogenesis, we have identified vascular niches composed of c-kit-positive KDR-positive VPCs within the coronary circulation. VPCs are connected by functional gap junctions to ECs, SMCs and fibroblasts which operate as supporting cells. Isolated VPCs were self-renewing and clonogenic and differentiated into ECs and SMCs. Subsequently, we tested whether human VPCs possess the ability to create conductive coronary arteries in immunosuppressed dogs with critical coronary stenosis. The presence of a critical stenosis was documented by the absence of reactive hyperemia after the release of a 15 sec occlusion of the LAD. VPCs infected with a lentiviral vector carrying EGFP were then injected above, laterally and below the site of constriction. At 10 days, the lack of reactive hyperemia persisted while at 30 days there was a slow return of CBF possibly mediated by the formation of coronary vessels. Thus, myocardial perfusion was determined; gold-labeled microspheres were injected with the LAD open to establish baseline CBF while lutetium-labeled microspheres were administered after LAD occlusion. Multiple sections from the region proximal to the region distal to the occlusion were processed to evaluate CBF distribution. Every other section was collected for histology. CBF at baseline was similar in all sections but after LAD occlusion there was a doubling in CBF in the fully dilated coronary circulation distal to the stenotic vessel. Histologically, new coronary arteries, 0.8–1.5 mm in diameter, were detected in proximity of the stenotic vessel together with resistance arterioles and capillaries, pointing to vessel regeneration as the mechanism of enhanced CBF in the ischemic myocardium. ECs and SMCs within the vessel wall were all EGFP-positive; the human origin of these cells was confirmed by the detection of human DNA sequences with an Alu probe. In conclusion, the human heart possesses a coronary VPC that can be isolated and expanded in vitro for subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with coronary artery disease and the formation of a biological bypass.
Transcatheter Valve Implantation in Failed Surgically Inserted Bioprosthesis
Authors: Nadira B. Hamid, Omar K. Khalique, Mark J. Monaghan, Susheel K. Kodali, Danny Dvir, Vinayak N. Bapat, Tamim M. Nazif, Torsten Vahl, Isaac George, Martin B. Leon, Rebecca T. Hahn
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
Iatrogenic Neuromuscular Disorders: A Review
Authors: Michael Swash, Martin S Schwartz
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1983)

The frequency of iatrogenic neuromuscular disorders has only recently been appreciated. Pressure palsies, especially common peroneal nerve palsies following bed rest or surgical procedures, are well recognized and easily preventable disorders. Mononeuropathies may also result from direct injuries to nerves, especially from venepuncture or attempted arterial cannulation in the axilla (O'Keefe 1980) or antecubital fossa, when the median nerve is particularly at risk. Stretch injuries to the lower cervical roots or to the lower cords of the brachial plexus may complicate sternal thoracotomy (Winer &amp; Harrison 1982). However, most iatrogenic disorders of nerve and muscle are due to the unwanted effects of drugs used in therapeutic dosage. They are thus difficult to prevent. However, early detection is possible and this may prevent the development of severe disabilities.
Abstract 5731: An Increase of Intrinsic Endothelial Progenitor Cells after Acute Myocardial Infarction was Associated with Spontaneous Neovascularization but not with Improvement of Left Ventricula Remodeling
Authors: Motoo Date, Hiroshi Ito, Katsuomi Iwakura, Atsunori Okamura, Yasushi Koyama, Yoshiharu Higuchi, Koichi Inoue, Ryusuke Kimura, Hiroyuki Nagai, Yuko Toyoshima, Michio Imai, Makito Ozawa, Norihisa Ito, Yukinori Okazaki, Masahiko Shibuya, Hidetaka Suenaga, Asuka Kubota, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) increase after acute myocardial infarction and may contribute to neovascularization in the infarct zone. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relation of EPC release to recovery of microvascualr and myocardial function. Eighteen patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing primary PCI within 12 hours after onset were enrolled. CD34 + cells were counted at days-1, 7 and 14 as an index of EPC. We performed triggered end-systolic myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) at every 6 cardiac cycles with continuous infusion of Levovist at days-2 and 14. We performed left ventriculography 6 months later to calculate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and end-diastolic volume index (LVEDVI). The number of EPC at day-7 was significantly higher than that at day-1 (1.29+/−0.75 vs. 2.10+/−1.25/micL, p&lt;0.001). It was correlated with myocardial blood volume (MBV), that implies microvascular integrity, at day-14 measured from MCE image (r 2 =0.652, p&lt;0.005) and with an increase in MBV from day-1 to day-7 (r 2 =0.533, p&lt;0.005). To evaluate the correlation between EPC and LV function, we divided patients into two groups according to the number of EPC at day-7. LVEF and LVEDVI were comparable between the higher number of EPC and the lower number of EPC groups (49.3+/−12.2 vs. 52.4+/−8.1%, 65.2+/−13.1 vs. 69.1+/−16.6ml/m 2 ). EPC spontaneously released after AMI and number of released EPC is correlated to the amount of neovascularization in the infarct zone. The number of EPC was not necessarily related to the functional improvement or attenuation of LV remodeling.