tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CSF neopterin level as a diagnostic marker in primary central nervous system lymphoma
Authors: Aurélien Viaccoz, François Ducray, Yannick Tholance, Gleicy Keli Barcelos, Laure Thomas-Maisonneuve, Hervé Ghesquières, David Meyronet, Isabelle Quadrio, Stéphanie Cartalat-Carel, Guy Louis-Tisserand, Emmanuel Jouanneau, Jacques Guyotat, Jérôme Honnorat, Armand Perret-Liaudet
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

The diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) can be challenging. PCNSL lesions are frequently located deep within the brain, and performing a cerebral biopsy is not always feasible. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic value of CSF neopterin, a marker of neuroinflammation, in immunocompetent patients with suspected PCNSL.We retrospectively reviewed the characteristics of 124 patients with brain tumor (n = 82) or an inflammatory CNS disorder (n = 42) in whom CSF neopterin levels were assessed. Twenty-eight patients had PCNSL, 54 patients had another type of brain tumor (glioma n = 36, metastasis n = 13, other n = 5), and 13 patients had a pseudotumoral inflammatory brain lesion.CSF neopterin levels were significantly higher in the patients with PCNSL than in those with other brain tumors (41.8 vs 5.1 nmol/L, P < .001), those with pseudotumoral inflammatory brain lesions (41.8 vs 4.3 nmol/L, P < .001), and those with nontumefactive inflammatory CNS disorders (41.8 vs 3.8 nmol/L, P < .001). In the 95 patients with space-occupying brain lesions, at a cutoff of 10 nmol/L, the sensitivity of this approach was 96% and the specificity was 93% for the diagnosis of PCNSL. The positive and negative predictive values were 84% and 98%, respectively.Assessing CSF neopterin levels in patients with a suspected brain tumor might be helpful for the positive and differential diagnosis of PCNSL. A prospective study is warranted to confirm these results.
Subungual angioleiomyoma masquerading as a glomus tumour
Authors: R. Baran, L. Requena, J.L. Drapé
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Subungual angioleiomyoma masquerading as a glomus tumour Get access R. Baran, R. Baran Nail Disease Centre, 42, rue des Serbes, 06400 Cannes, France * Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Clinica de Nustra Señora de la Conception, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain † Service de Radiologie ′B’, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint‐Jacques, 75679 Paris Cedex 14, France E‐mail: baranrmd@cote‐dazur.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Requena, L. Requena Nail Disease Centre, 42, rue des Serbes, 06400 Cannes, France * Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Clinica de Nustra Señora de la Conception, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain † Service de Radiologie ′B’, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint‐Jacques, 75679 Paris Cedex 14, France E‐mail: baranrmd@cote‐dazur.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.L. Drapé J.L. Drapé Nail Disease Centre, 42, rue des Serbes, 06400 Cannes, France * Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Clinica de Nustra Señora de la Conception, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain † Service de Radiologie ′B’, Groupe Hospitalier Cochin, 27, rue du Faubourg Saint‐Jacques, 75679 Paris Cedex 14, France E‐mail: baranrmd@cote‐dazur.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 6, 1 June 2000, Pages 1239–1241, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03560.x Published: 01 June 2000
Six-Year Follow-Up Of Dasatinib-Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) For Chronic Myeloid Leukemia In Single Center
Authors: Young-Woo Jeon, Sung-Eun Lee, Soo-Hyun Kim, Soo-Young Choi, Jin-Eok Park, Hye-Rim Jeon, Eun-Jung Jang, Dong-Wook Kim
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 138: Remote Ischemic Postconditioning Alleviates Postresuscitation Inflammatory Response and Pulmonary Edema in a Porcine Model of Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jiefeng Xu, Sen Ye, Zilong Li, Moli Wang, Zhengquan Wang, Guofeng Chen, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Systemic ischemia-reperfusion injury produced by CA and resuscitation can result in severe post-cardiac arrest syndrome; which includes systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome such as acute pulmonary edema. We previously demonstrated that remote ischemic post-conditioning (RIpostC) improved post-resuscitation myocardial and cerebral function in a rat model of CA. In this study, we investigated the effects of RIpostC on inflammatory response and pulmonary edema after CPR in a porcine model. Hypothesis: RIpostC would alleviate post-resuscitation inflammatory response and pulmonary edema in a porcine model of CA. Methods: Fourteen male domestic pigs weighing 37 ± 2 kg were utilized. Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced and untreated for 10 mins. The animals were then randomized to receive RIpostC or control. Coincident with the start of CPR, RIpostC was induced by four cycles of 5 mins of limb ischemia and then 5 mins of reperfusion. Defibrillation was attempted after 5 mins of CPR. The resuscitated animals were monitored for 4 hrs and observed for an additional 68 hrs. Results: Six of the seven animals in each group were successfully resuscitated. After resuscitation, significantly lower levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 were measured in the animals that received RIpostC when compared with the control group. Post-resuscitation extra-vascular lung water index was lower in the RIpostC group than in the control group; in which the differences were significant at 2,3 and 4 hrs (Table). Conclusion: In a porcine model of CA, RIpostC significantly alleviates post-resuscitation inflammatory response and pulmonary edema.
National electronic Library for Health (NeLH)
Authors: J A M. Gray, S. de Lusignan
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Modern healthcare professionals have to resolve the information paradox; they are overwhelmed with information but cannot find particular information when and where they need it. 1The internet and its associated technologies, especially the world wide web, have the potential to both exacerbate and reduce these problems.Simply providing access to the world wide web per se may exacerbate the problems of information overload, since every web browser has access to hundreds of millions of pages of information.However, the cost effective provision of access to timely, current, and high quality information is what internet technology potentially offers.Creation of the National electronic Library for Health (NeLH) should be seen as an attempt to harness internet technologies to solve this information paradox.
Could platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) predict adverse event in pulmonary hypertension?
Authors: Rozenn Quarck, Hervé Durand, Ewa Ninio, Marion Delcroix
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) are threatened conditions mostly diagnosed at late stages. Inflammation could play a role in the pathogenesis. The need of new biomarkers, non-invasively measurable may help to improve the diagnosis and follow up. PAF-AH, a plasmatic enzyme, is a predictive risk factor for cardiovascular events.  In a prospective study, we have investigated a potential role of PAF-AH in predicting the outcome in PAH and CTEPH. Circulating PAF-AH activity has been measured in consecutive patients diagnosed with PAH (n=152) and CTEPH (n=115), at the time of right heart catheterization and compared to a control group of healthy subjects (n=115).  Circulating PAF-AH activity was lower in CTEPH and PAH patients compared to controls (37, 95% CI: 33-41; 41, 95% CI: 37-45; 54, 95% CI: 50-60 nmol.mL-1.min; p 50 mmHg, and with CRP>4mg.L-1 have increased PAF-AH activity (35, 95% CI: 30-41 vs. 47, 95% CI: 43-52; p=0.02 - 37, 95% CI: 32-42 vs. 45, 95% CI: 40-51; p=0.02, respectively). Non-operable CTEPH patients with PAF-AH activity>50 nmol.mL-1.min have a better survival (p=0.02).  Our results suggest that PAF-AH could be a prognostic factor in pulmonary hypertension.
Ischemic Outcomes After Coronary Intervention of Calcified Vessels in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Philippe Généreux, Mahesh V. Madhavan, Gary S. Mintz, Akiko Maehara, Tullio Palmerini, Laura LaSalle, Ke Xu, Tom McAndrew, Ajay Kirtane, Alexandra J. Lansky, Sorin J. Brener, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Pharmacodynamics in cancer therapy.
Authors: M J Ratain, R L Schilsky, B A Conley, M J Egorin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Our understanding of anticancer pharmacodynamics, and the relationships between pharmacologic measurements and clinical effects, has grown markedly in recent years due to advances in analytical and computational technology. Although methotrexate plasma levels have been empirically used to guide leucovorin dosing during high-dose methotrexate therapy, there has been no other standard use of therapeutic drug monitoring in oncology. More recently, investigators have attempted to titrate precisely the dose of antineoplastic agents based on previously derived models and real-time analysis of plasma drug or tissue concentrations. Studies have been completed or are in progress using hexamethylene bisacetamide, etoposide, teniposide, fluorouracil (FUra), and cytarabine (ara-C). Future studies will focus on optimal sampling strategies, analysis of intermediate biochemical end points, combination chemotherapy, modulation by colony-stimulating factors, and more sophisticated pharmacodynamic models.
Treatment patterns of docetaxel and paclitaxel in patients with early-stage breast cancer in a community oncology center
Authors: M. Tangirala, C. Lei, H. Joel, N. Christiansen, S. Sullivan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e17550 Background: Docetaxel and paclitaxel have been widely used in treating breast cancer (BC). This study aimed to describe real-world treatment patterns of two taxanes in early-stage BC. Methods: Georgia Oncology Specialist Database (GOSD) was used and contained chemotherapy, medical and pharmacy claims, and lab results for nearly 170,000 patients with various types of cancer (2003–2008). Patients with stage I-III BC receiving doxirubicin-cyclophosphamide-taxane (ACT) were identified, and their pre-taxane and on-taxane periods (from first to last dose of docetaxel/paclitaxel) were examined. Number of cycles was compared using Student's t-test. Taxane dose schedule and the use of other chemotherapy in pre- and on-taxane periods were compared using Chi-Square test. A similar analysis was replicated using Pharmetrics database (2003–2008) in BC patients on ACT regimen with prior mastectomy. Results: In GOSD, 79 docetaxel (7.9%, 58.2%, 34.2% in stage I, II, III, respectively) and 139 paclitaxel (10.8%, 64.7%, 25.5% in stage I, II, III, respectively) patients were identified. Compared with paclitaxel, docetaxel patients completed more cycles (4.9 vs. 3.9, p &lt; 0.001), were less frequently on weekly schedule, and more frequently on every-two-week (Q2w) or every-three-week (Q3W) schedules (2.5% vs. 15.2%, 27.9% vs. 62.6%, and 41.8% vs. 0%; p &lt; 0.001). 22.8% of docetaxel patients received AC followed by docetaxel (AC&gt;T) and 77.22% received ACT concurrently, while 100% of paclitaxel patients were on AC&gt;T regimen. In Pharmetrics data, compared with paclitaxel (n = 211), docetaxel patients (n = 96) completed more cycles (11.3 vs. 4.6, p &lt; 0.001), were less frequently on weekly, while more frequently on Q2W and Q3W schedules (3.1 vs. 9.5%, 9.4% vs. 62.6%, and 59.4% vs. 4.7%; p &lt; 0.001). While 97.6% of paclitaxel patients were on AC&gt;T regimen, AC&gt;T and ACT regimens were evenly split among docetaxel patients (49% vs. 51%). Conclusions: Docetaxel and paclitaxel have different treatment patterns in real-world clinical practice. The patterns in a community oncology center appear to be consistent with national data. A potential limitation of this study is that the potential selection bias may not be fully adjusted. [Table: see text]
Endoscopic lung volume reduction in high risk patients with FEV1≤20%
Authors: Waltraud Riegler, Rüdiger Karpf-Wissel, Kaid Darwiche, Lutz Freitag
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction:  Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) using endobronchial valve (EBV) implants is an established therapeutic measure aiming at improving the impaired quality of life of patients with severe COPD. However, patients with FEV1  Method:  22 patients (mean age 58,1±6.8 y, 55% male) with FEV1  Results:  Most patients had heterogeneous emphysema. Collateral ventilation assessed by Chartis was high grade in 33% and low in 66% of patients.  67 valves were implanted during 25 procedures. 8 times valves were implanted in the lower lobes, the remaining interventions were carried out in the upper lobes and lingula. Lobar exclusion was achieved in 77% of cases.  Except for 3 pneumothoraces (12%) requiring temporary drainage therapy there were no other complications.  FEV1 improved by +11±27%, +10±32%, +23±44% and +7±44% at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months post implantation, respectively. Similarly, distance during 6-min walk test improved by +29±20%, +17±19%, +21±33% and +11±28%.  Conclusion:  This outcome demonstrates that COPD patients with FEV1
Predictors of candidaemia caused by non-albicans Candida species: results of a population-based surveillance in Barcelona, Spain
Authors: D. Rodríguez, B. Almirante, M. Cuenca-Estrella, J.L. Rodríguez-Tudela, J. Mensa, J. Ayats, F. Sanchez, A. Pahissa
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
The making of a disease: female sexual dysfunction
Authors: R. Basson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Editor—Moynihan wrote about female sexual dysfunction as a disease in the making.1 As co-chairs for an (unpaid) international committee, commissioned and supported by the American Foundation of Urological Disease, to improve definitions of women's sexual dysfunction, we regret the sensational biased view of industry funded research of biological components of women's sexual function. The common error of equating self reported sexual problems with medically diagnosable disorder is well recognised. 

However, to focus only on this and neglect the need for research into aetiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of women's sexual dysfunction from disease, medical, and surgical interventions, is unfortunate. To date, neither the major neurotransmitter involved in vaginal congestion nor the autonomic innervation of the vulval structures has been established. Industry funding facilitates research of interrupted sexual responses from chemotherapy, pelvic surgery, neurological disease, premature menopause, and drug treatment, as well as healthy sexual physiology.

We question the concept of a “new definition of human illness.” Women's sexual dysfunction has been diagnosed throughout the centuries. The committee meeting in 1998 tried to modulate definitions in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Disease, to be more reflective of women's sexuality and did not create “new disorders.” However, the formulation of accurate diagnosis is a continuing process—what is “normal” for women of different ethnic, religious, and cultural backgrounds, and of different ages and life stages is still unclear. Women's sexual function is highly contextual; many aetiological factors—physical, psychological, and interpersonal—must be not only evaluated but included in the diagnosis. Thus the definitions are becoming less rather than more medical. Without accurate definitions of dysfunction, any potential contributory role for pharmacotherapy in holistic management of dysfunction cannot be explored. Without support from the pharmaceutical industry, little new research into sexual physiology is likely or the means by which psychological factors alter the biological processes involved.
Prevalence and control of current asthma in Portuguese paediatric population
Authors: Manuel Ferreira-Magalhães, Ana Sá-Sousa, Mário Morais-Almeida, Luis Azevedo, Antόnio Bugalho-Almeida, João A. Fonseca
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective:  To estimate the prevalence and control of asthma-like symptoms in children in the general Portuguese population.   Methods:  Nationwide, two-phase, list-assisted random-digit-dialling telephone survey (Portuguese National Asthma Survey). The first phase questionnaire was based on the GA 2 LEN survey. Current asthma was defined as self-reported asthma and, in the last 12 months, wheezing and/or awaking with breathlessness and/or having an asthma attack. Participants identified as having “current asthma” in first-phase were re-interviewed. In addition, other children with asthma living in the same residence were also interviewed.   Results:  Of the 6,003 participants in the first-phase, 716 were children (0-17 years old); 143 (20.0%) had wheezing in the last 12 months, 240 (33.5%) awaked with cough or breathlessness in the last 12 months and 89 (12.4%) had an asthma diagnosis in the past.  The prevalence of “current asthma” in Portuguese paediatric population was 8.4% (95%CI 6.6-10.7); in 0-5 years old (y) was 6.5%, in 6-12y was 9.7% and in 13-17y was 8.7%.  In the second phase, 96 children with “current asthma” were included. In the last 4 weeks, 20 (22%) had night waking and 14 (15%) had symptoms more than twice a week. In the previous 12 months, 24 (25%) had a non-scheduled medical visit, 37 (39%) went to ER and 5 (5%) were hospitalized for asthma. In the last 4 weeks, 39% used inhaled corticosteroids (21% together with LABA); 30% used leukotriene receptor antagonists.   Conclusions:  Current asthma prevalence in Portuguese children is less than 10%. Most children seem to have a good short-term control of asthma, but many had ER visits and also hospitalizations related to asthma in the last 12 months.
A Novel Anticancer Agent, Decursin, Induces G1 Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Prostate Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Dongsool Yim, Rana P. Singh, Chapla Agarwal, Sookyeon Lee, Hyungjoon Chi, Rajesh Agarwal
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract We isolated a coumarin compound decursin (C19H20O5; molecular weight 328) from Korean angelica (Angelica gigas) root and characterized it by spectroscopy. Here, for the first time, we observed that decursin (25-100 μmol/L) treatment for 24 to 96 hours strongly inhibits growth and induces death in human prostate carcinoma DU145, PC-3, and LNCaP cells. Furthermore, we observed that decursinol [where (CH3)2-C=CH-COO- side chain of decursin is substituted with -OH] has much lower effects compared with decursin, suggesting a possible structure-activity relationship. Decursin-induced growth inhibition was associated with a strong G1 arrest (P &amp;lt; 0.001) in DU145 and LNCaP cells, and G1, S as well as G2-M arrests depending upon doses and treatment times in PC-3 cells. Comparatively, decursin was nontoxic to human prostate epithelial PWR-1E cells and showed only moderate growth inhibition and G1 arrest. Consistent with G1 arrest in DU145 cells, decursin strongly increased protein levels of Cip1/p21 but showed a moderate increase in Kip1/p27 with a decrease in cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK); CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, and cyclin D1, and inhibited CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1, and cyclin E kinase activity, and increased binding of CDK inhibitor (CDKI) with CDK. Decursin-caused cell death was associated with an increase in apoptosis (P &amp;lt; 0.05-0.001) and cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; however, pretreatment with all-caspases inhibitor (z-VAD-fmk) only partially reversed decursin-induced apoptosis, suggesting the involvement of both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent pathways. These findings suggest the novel anticancer efficacy of decursin mediated via induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis selectively in human prostate carcinoma cells.
Up to 20% of respiratory symptoms in Sweden are attributable to smoking
Authors: Helena Backman, Linnea Hedman, Sven-Arne Jansson, Anne Lindberg, Bo Lundbäck, Eva Rönmark
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background  Smoking is a well known risk factor for respiratory symptoms, and changes in smoking habits may affect respiratory health in the society.   Aim  To estimate the population attributable risk (PAR) of smoking on respiratory symptoms and asthma among adults in 1996 and 2006.   Methods  In 1996, 7104 randomly selected subjects aged 20-69 in Northern Sweden was sent a postal questionnaire including questions about respiratory diseases, symptoms and smoking habits, and 85% responded. In 2006 a new sample of 6165 subjects in the same ages received the postal questionnaire, and 77% responded.   Results  The prevalence of smoking decreased significantly from 27% to 19% as did most respiratory symptoms. The decrease was most pronounced for bronchitis symptoms; sputum production decreased from 19.1% to 15.0%, and longstanding cough 12.4% to 10.8%. Also recurrent wheeze decreased, from 13.4 to12.1%, while a physician-diagnosed asthma increased significantly from 9.4% to 11.6%. All respiratory symptoms were strongly related to smoking. The PAR of smoking ranged from 10% to 14% for  sputum  and  cough  with no major changes between 1996 and 2006. PAR was highest for  wheeze , 23% (1996) and 18% (2006), but was not related to  asthma . The PAR tended to decrease for most symptoms.   Conclusions  The prevalence of smoking and respiratory symptoms decreased from 1996 to 2006. The proportion of respiratory symptoms in the population attributable to smoking was 10-20%. Smoking prevention and smoking cessation are important targets for the respiratory health in the society.
Clinical utility of thoracoscopy under local anaesthesia in undiagnosed pleural effusion
Authors: Debajyoti Bhattacharyya, M.S. Barthwal, C.D.S. Katoch, S. Bhattacharyya, S. Rohatgi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: More than twenty percent of pleural effusions remain without an established aetiology after evaluation with pleurocentesis and closed pleural biopsy. Thoracoscopy under local anaesthesia greatly increases the diagnostic yield for pleural effusion because the biopsy specimen is taken under direct vision.  Aims and objectives: To assess the utility and safety of thoracoscopy under local anaesthesia in the evaluation of undiagnosed pleural effusion.  Methods: This is a retrospective study of all patients with undiagnosed pleural effusion who underwent thoracoscopy under local anaesthesia between January 2008 and December 2010 in a tertiary care hospital.  Results: 52 patients (33 males and 19 females) underwent the above procedure during the period of study. Mean age of patients was 41.2 years (range: 19-78 years). Histopathologic examination of thoracoscopic pleural biopsy revealed: malignancy in 34 (65.4%) cases, benign tumour (fibroma) in one (1.9%), tuberculosis in 14 (26.9%), empyema in two (3.8%), and nonspecific inflammation in one (1.9%) case. Diagnostic efficacy of medical thoracoscopy was found to be 98.1% (51/52). Amongst the malignancy cases, adenocarcinoma was found to be the commonest – 16 (47.1%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma – 10 (29.4%), small cell carcinoma – 4 (11.8%), poorly differentiated carcinoma – 2 (5.9%), and non-Hodgkin9s lymphoma and malignant mesothelioma in one case each (2.9%). Complications encountered during the perioperative period were self-limiting subcutaneous emphysema in two (3.8%) and postoperative fever in one (1.9%) case.  Conclusions: Medical thoracoscopy is a safe, well tolerated and effective procedure.