tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2606: A Meta-Analysis of Glucose-Insulin-Potassium Therapy for Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction (1966:–2007:)
Authors: Mamas Mamas, Ludwig Neyses, Farzin Fath-Ordoubadi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Glucose-Insulin-Potassium (GIK) therapy has been proposed to provide metabolic support to the ischaemic myocardium through a shift from potentially harmfully free fatty acid metabolism to glucose metabolism. Our metanalysis published 10 years ago of 9 trials with 1932 patients demonstrated that GIK had an important role in reducing mortality post AMI. Since then, a number of larger randomised trials including CREATE ECLA, ECLA pilot, GIPS-I, GIPS-II, Pol-GIK and REVIVAL have been published investigating the role of GIK in the setting of AMI in modern thrombolysis / primary PCI era. Hence, we repeated our metanalysis to include these trials. A MEDLINE search for all randomized placebo-controlled studies of GIK therapy in AMI and meta-analysis of the mortality data was performed. We included 15 trials from 1966 to 2007 enrolling 25,635 patients. 30 day mortality in the GIK group was 1263 out of 12881 (9.8%) and in the placebo group 1259 out of 12748 (9.9%). Metanalysis of these 15 randomised trials did not reveal any benefit from GIK treatment, odds ratio 1.0, 95% CI 0.92 -1.08, P&gt;0.05; see figure . Subgroup analysis of patients receiving high dose GIK or where reperfusion was not achieved still did not demonstrate any benefit of GIK. In conclusion, our current metanalysis performed on 15 randomised trials spanning over 40 years with 25,635 patients does not demonstrate any benefits of GIK on mortality post AMI. This may reflect differences in patient cohorts between modern era of AMI management and studies performed 20 –30 years ago used in our last metanalysis where control group mortality was 21%.
Hemopoietins in oncology: factoring out myelosuppression.
Authors: J D Griffin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.2.151 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2464671 Hemopoietins in oncology: factoring out myelosuppression. J D GriffinxJ D GriffinSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1989.7.2.151 First Page PDF © 1989 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Abstract MP77: Intramuscular Fat is Associated with Decreased Physical Performance
Authors: Kate E Therkelsen, Alison Pedley, Udo Hoffman, Caroline Fox, Joanne Murabito
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Obesity is associated with a substantial burden of physical disability. Intramuscular fat may in part mediate some of these associations.

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that muscle attenuation, an estimation of intramuscular fat, is associated with increased mobility disability, as well as decreased grip strength and walking speed, two physical performance measures associated with functional decline.

Methods: The sample (n=1152, 56% women, mean age 66 years) consisted of Framingham Heart Study participants who underwent computed tomography scanning and an examination in 2005-2008. Muscle attenuation was estimated from scans by placing regions of interest on the paraspinous muscles bilaterally and averaging the resulting Hounsfield units. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) were measured using standard protocols. Hand grip strength was measured with a handheld dynamometer bilaterally, walking speed was measured over a 4 m course, and mobility disability via self-report of inability to walk half a mile or climb a flight of stairs. Multivariable logistic and linear regression models were used to investigate the association between muscle attenuation and mobility disability, grip strength, and walking speed after accounting for standard covariates; models additionally adjusted for body mass index (BMI) and VAT volume separately. Additional models were used to investigate the association between VAT and SAT volumes and mobility disability and physical performance measures.

Results: Mean BMI was 28.3 kg/m2, average walking speed was 1.23 m/s, and average grip strength was 31.9 kg. Per 1 standard deviation decrease in muscle attenuation (i.e. more muscle fat), we observed a 1.29 (95% CI 1.09 – 1.53, p=0.0009) increased odds of walking speed ≤ 1 m/s, a cutoff associated with increased mortality. This persisted even after adjustment for BMI and VAT volume separately (p<0.02). In men only (sex interaction p<0.0001), there was a 1.29 (95% CI 0.46 – 2.12, p=0.0005) kg decrease in grip strength, which persisted after adjustment for BMI and VAT volume separately (p≤0.0004). No associations were observed with mobility disability. For VAT and SAT volumes, no associations with grip strength (p≥0.19) were observed. Furthermore, no associations with walking speed ≤ 1 m/s were observed after adjustment for BMI (p≥0.18).

Conclusion: Intramuscular fat is associated with increased odds of walking speed ≤ 1m/s in both sexes and decreased grip strength in men, associations which persist after adjustment for VAT volume and BMI. Similar associations for VAT and SAT volumes were not observed. These findings highlight the specificity of intramuscular fat and important indices of physical performance.
Assessment of the Radiation Effects of Cardiac CT Angiography Using Protein and Genetic Biomarkers
Authors: Patricia K. Nguyen, Won Hee Lee, Yong Fuga Li, Wan Xing Hong, Shijun Hu, Charles Chan, Grace Liang, Ivy Nguyen, Sang-Ging Ong, Jared Churko, Jia Wang, Russ B. Altman, Dominik Fleischmann, Joseph C. Wu
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
Abstract 14143: Curcumin Prevents Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity Through Phosphorylated Bcl-2-Regulated Autophagy
Authors: Maki Katamura, Satoaki Matoba, Eri Iwai-Kanai, Atsushi Hoshino, Yoshifumi Okawa, Yuichiro Mita, Makoto Ariyoshi, Satoshi Kaimoto, Hiroaki Matsubara
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: The Cardiac complications of Doxorubicin (DOX), a commonly used anticancer agent, are one of the issues awaiting solution in clinical medicine. A natural compound, curcumin (Cur), has s...
Improving oral examinations: selecting, training, and monitoring examiners for the MRCGP
Authors: R. Wakeford, L. Southgate, V. Wass
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Unless examiners are carefully selected, trained, and monitored, examinations may become haphazard. This is perhaps most true of oral or viva voce ("viva") examinations, which can generate marks unrelated to competence. To help other bodies to short circuit some years of experiment in connection with the oral component of the Royal College of General Practitioners' membership examination (MRCGP), this paper describes the selection, training, guidance, and monitoring arrangements that have been developed.
Heterogeneous influenza activity across Europe during the winter of 2002-2003
Authors: W J Paget, T J Meerhoff, H Rebelo de Andrade
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2003)

Influenza activity varied across Europe during the 2002-2003 season both in terms of the intensity of clinical activity and the circulating virus types/subtypes. Influenza B was generally predominant in the 'western' parts of Europe (Portugal, Spain, the United Kingdom and Ireland) and influenza A (H3N2) in the 'central' and 'eastern' areas (Germany, Italy, Denmark, Switzerland, Poland, Slovenia, the Slovak Republic, the Netherlands). A number of countries experienced mixed seasons, first experiencing activity associated with influenza B and then with influenza A (Belgium, France and Spain). Generally, countries where influenza B was predominant had low (compared to historical data) levels of intensity (a mild season) and longer periods of influenza activity compared to countries where influenza A (H3N2) was predominant. A number of countries, all where influenza A (H3N2) was predominant, reported high levels of intensity compared to historical data: the Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany and Poland. In the six countries where age-specific incidence rates were available, the highest rates were observed among those aged 0-14 years. The influenza virus strains circulating in Europe had a good match with the virus strains in the influenza vaccine. A small number of isolates (A/Fujian/411/2002 (H3N2)-like) were reported at the end of the season that had a reduced reactivity to anti-sera of the vaccine strain. The composition of the 2003-2004 influenza vaccine is the same as during the 2002-2003 season.
Abstract 14452: Complex Fractionated Atrial Electrograms Represent Areas of Normal Voltage in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: Implications For Ablation
Authors: Juan F Viles-Gonzalez, Anthony J Gomes, Charles Eggert, Srinivas Dukkipati, Vivek Y Reddy, Andre d'Avila
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background:  Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) followed by adjunctive complex fractionated atrial electrograms (CFAE) ablation is thought to be associated with increased freedom from persistent atrial fibrillation (AF) after a single procedure. Although CFAE are purported to represent critical sites for AF perpetuation, there are conflicting studies suggesting that CFAE may represent sites of passive wavefront collision, which are not important to the maintenance of AF. Hence, the underlying electroanatomic mechanism of CFAE remains poorly defined. This study evaluated the relationship between CFAE and areas of abnormal atrial tissue defined by low voltage electrograms (LVE).   Methods:  14 patients, with persistent AF were studied prospectively. CFAE maps were obtained after PVI during persistent AF. Patients were then cardioverted into sinus rhythm and a new voltage map was acquired in sinus. Abnormal LVE were defined as    Results:  All patients had substantial CFAEs that accounted for 33.11 ± 24% of total left atrium (LA). In sinus rhythm, only 12.26 ± 10 % of LA area had LVE. There was no anatomic correlation between CFAE sites and LVE; the area of overlap between CFAE and LVE was only 1.59 ± 1.5. Conduction was faster in CFAE areas (2.27±1.35m/sec) than in normal voltage areas (1.27±0.29m/sec) LVE areas (1.11±0.69m/sec, p=0.0675). There was no correlation between the % of CFAE areas and parameters of SAPW; whereas there was a positive correlation between LVE areas and SAPW (r= 0.691, p= 0.043).   Conlusions:  Our study suggest the following: 1) Areas of CFAE detected during AF correspond to areas of normal atrial voltage and normal conduction velocity during NSR; 2) The SAPW duration is a good non-invasive index of scarred atrial substrate as suggested by its good correlation with intra-atrial left atrial LVE. 3) CFAE probably represent the response of normal healthy atrial tissue with short refractory periods and normal conduction velocity to rapid PV firing rather than abnormal scarred atrial myocardium.
Abstract P269: Examining the Unique Contribution of Physical Education and Sports Team Participation to Overall Levels of Adolescent Physical Activity
Authors: Clare M Lenhart, Alexandra Hanlon, Youjeong Kang, Brian P Daly, Michael Brown, Freda Patterson
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Adolescent females are significantly less likely to meet physical activity recommendations than males; this gender disparity is also evident among adults. Physical education class and sports teams represent an important opportunity for physical activity among youth. Females, in particular, may rely on these opportunities since they are less likely to be active during unstructured time as compared to males. This study examined the relative contribution of participation in physical education class and sports teams to overall levels of physical activity for females and males, independent of known correlates of physical activity in this group of adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional data was examined from 591 9 th −12 th grade students from Philadelphia public schools who completed the 2009 Youth Risk Behavior Assessment. The relationship between the independent variables (participation in physical education class and sports teams) and other selected correlates (race, grade level, body mass index, depression symptoms and suicidal ideation, eating habits and weight concern, drug use, television watching and computer use) and physical activity was evaluated using chi-square tests. Variables with an association of p&lt;.3 were entered into a stepwise regression model to estimate the relative association of each variable with activity levels. A final regression model stratified by gender was generated to estimate gender differences. Results: Sixty-two percent of the sample was female, 50% were African American, 19% were overweight, and 33% reported five or more days of activity in the last week. Females were less likely to be active than males (x 2 (2, N = 591) = 33.72, p = &lt;.01): 27.9% of females were sedentary as compared to 10.6% of males. PE class was not significantly related to overall physical activity among males, while highly active females were seven times more likely to report participating in PE class every day than sedentary females (Exp(B)=7.06; p=.001). Playing on one or more sports teams was significantly associated with low-to-moderate (Exp(B)=2.14; p=.02) and highly active females (Exp(B)=3.24; p&lt;.01). Among males, sports team participation was only associated with high levels of activity (Exp(B)=2.79; p=.05). Conclusions: Participation in sports teams and physical education class contribute more to overall activity levels in female than male adolescents. A more rigorous assessment of this hypothesis is warranted to inform efforts to promote adolescent activity levels, particularly among females.
Abstract 2681: Mutations in Smooth Muscle-Specific Contractile Proteins Cause Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections and Lead to Increased IGF-1 Expression
Authors: Christina L Papke, Hariyadarshi Pannu, Dong-Chuan Guo, Nili Avidan, Van Tran-Fadulu, Caroline A Presley, Dianna M Milewicz
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Aortic aneurysms and dissections are the most common disorders affecting the aorta, and are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections (FTAAD) are inherited in an autosomal dominant manner with variable expression and decreased penetrance. The disorder is genetically heterogeneous with four loci and three genes identified. Mutations in either TGFBR2 , encoding the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) type II receptor, or MYH11 , encoding the smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific β-myosin heavy chain, were previously found to cause FTAAD. Recently, positional cloning identified smooth muscle α-actin ( ACTA2 ) mutations as a novel cause in 10% of FTAAD. Mutations in ACTC and MYH7 cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), characterized by myocyte disarray and upregulation of mitotic and trophic factors. Histologic examination of aortic tissue from patients with ACTA2 (n = 6) and MYH11 (n = 2) mutations revealed SMC disarray in the aortic media similar to that seen in HCM. Furthermore, we hypothesized that mutations in ACTA2 and MYH11 cause a similar increase of mitotic and trophic factors in SMCs. The expression of two factors known to be increased in HCM, TGF-β1 and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), were analyzed in patients’ aortic SMCs and dermal myofibroblasts. No changes in TGF-β1 were found; however, both mRNA, as measured by Q-PCR (p&lt;0.05), and protein levels, as assessed by immunostaining, of IGF-1 were markedly increased in MYH11 and two ACTA2 mutant SMCs and aortic tissue compared with control SMCs and tissue. Differentiation of dermal fibroblasts into myofibroblasts was accomplished using TGF-β1 treatment; myofibroblast differentiation was confirmed by assessing α-actin mRNA and protein levels in untreated vs. TGF-β1-treated fibroblasts. Upon differentiation, patients’ myofibroblasts (n = 3) demonstrated increased IGF-1 expression compared with controls (p&lt;0.05), similar to the increased IGF-1 expression by SMCs. In conclusion, IGF-1 secretion is increased in response to defects in SMC contractile proteins in SMCs and myofibroblasts. Future studies will clarify the role of IGF-1 in FTAAD and identify the pathways leading to increased IGF-1 expression.
Abstract 956: Acid-Sensing Ion Channels (ASICs) Contribute to Transduction of Extracellular Acidosis in Rat Carotid Body Glomus Cells
Authors: Zhi-Yong Tan, Yongjun Lu, Carol A Whiteis, Christopher J Benson, Mark W Chapleau, Francois M Abboud
Journal: Circulation (2007)

The molecular mechanism of pH sensing by chemoreceptors is not clear, although it had been proposed to be mediated by a drop in intracellular pH of carotid body glomus cells, which inhibits a K + current. Recently, pH-sensitive ion channels have been described in glomus cells that respond directly to extracellular acidosis. In this study, we investigated the possible molecular mechanisms of carotid body pH-sensing by recording the responses of glomus cells isolated from rat carotid body to rapid changes in extracellular pH using whole-cell patch-clamping technique. Extracellular acidosis evoked transient inward currents in glomus cells that were evident at pH 7.0 and half-activated (pH 50) at 6.3. The current had the characteristics of ASICs. It averaged 40.7±15.7 pA (n=5) at pH 5.0 and was blocked by the ASIC channel blocker amiloride (200 μm) to 2.5±1.6 pA. Na + free bathing solution eliminated the current and a Ca 2+ free buffer enhanced (P&lt;0.05) the current at pH 6.0 from 18.5±2.2 to 86.0±12.5 pA (n=5). Enhancement of the current was also seen with the addition of lactate. In the current clamp mode extracellular acidosis evoked both a transient and sustained depolarization. The initial transient component at pH 6.0 averaged 18.2±2.6 mV and was blocked by amiloride to 2.1±2.1 mV supporting the contribution of ASICs. However, the sustained depolarization was not blocked by amiloride but was eliminated by removal of K + from the pipette solution which reduced significantly intracellular K + . This sustained depolarization was partially blocked by the TASK channels blockers anandamide (from 14.9±1.6 mV to 9.3±2.2 mV at pH 6.0, n=5) and quinidine (from 27.5±2.2 mV to 11.3±2.3 mV at pH 6.0, n=3). The results provide the first evidence that ASICs may contribute to chemotransduction of low pH by carotid body chemoreceptors, and that extracellular acidosis directly activates carotid body chemoreceptors through both ASIC and TASK channels.
Abstract 15732: Myocardial Strain by Velocity Vector Imaging as a Marker For Function and Rejection in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients
Authors: Brent H Carothers, Michael P Carboni, John F Rhodes, Michael J Campbell, Jeffrey W Delaney, Amanda S Green, Piers C Barker
Journal: Circulation (2011)

OBJECTIVE:  To identify and characterize any correlation of left ventricular (LV) peak longitudinal strain, as measured by Velocity Vector Imaging (VVI), to cardiac hemodynamics measured by catheterization and graft rejection by endomyocardial biopsy in pediatric recipients of orthotopic heart transplant (OHT).   METHODS:  Twenty-seven sets of simultaneous echocardiographic and catheterization data were collected on 15 pediatric OHT recipients in a prospective, observational, single-center study from February 2007 through March 2008. Echo images were acquired from standard views. LV peak longitudinal strain was calculated post-procedure using VVI software (Siemens Medical Solutions). Catheterization hemodynamic data included cardiac index and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Rejection was graded according to ISHLT criteria from right ventricular endomyocardial biopsies. Statistical analysis included linear regression modeling and Spearman rank correlation.   RESULTS:  LV peak longitudinal strain was positively and significantly correlated to cardiac index (Beta=4.34, 95% CI [2.17, 6.52], p   CONCLUSIONS:  In pediatric OHT recipients, non-invasive echocardiographic measurement of LV peak longitudinal strain by VVI correlates with invasive measurements of cardiac hemodynamics. There is a trend toward lower LV peak longitudinal strain in subjects with relatively more severe graft rejection. Further evaluation incorporating a larger subject population is necessary to confirm and more precisely quantify the reliability of calculated LV peak longitudinal strain as an adjunct or alternative to current invasive standards of graft surveillance.
Abstract 3019: Treatment-Seeking Delay Trajectories In Victims Of Out-Of-Hospital Sudden Cardiac Death Due To Presumed Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Anne G Rosenfeld, Vivian Christensen, Mohamud R Daya
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Recent studies suggest that victims of out-of-hospital sudden cardiac death (SCD), defined as death within 1 hour of symptom onset, may experience symptoms long enough to seek care. L...
Vascularized subcutaneous human liver tissue from engineered hepatocyte/fibroblast sheets in mice
Authors: Yusuke Sakai, Kosho Yamanouchi, Kazuo Ohashi, Makiko Koike, Rie Utoh, Hideko Hasegawa, Izumi Muraoka, Takashi Suematsu, Akihiko Soyama, Masaaki Hidaka, Mitsuhisa Takatsuki, Tamotsu Kuroki, Susumu Eguchi
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Algorithms and Processing Pipeline For Error Correction and Detection Of Significant Mutations In The Kinase Domain Of BCR-ABL Analyzed By Next-Generation Sequencing: Implications For Clinical Practice Of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Katerina Machova Polakova, Vojtech Kulvait, Jana Linhartova, Adela Brouckova, Simona Soverini, Monika Jaruskova, Caterina de Benedittis, Torsten Haferlach, Michele Baccarani, Giovanni Martinelli, Alexander Kohlmann, Hana Klamova
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract P118: Plasma Levels of Interleukin Receptor Soluble ST2 Predict Disease Severity and Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
Authors: James Januzzi, Ednan K Bajwa, Michelle N Gong, Taylor Thompson, David C Christiani
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: ST2 is a novel biomarker that is induced under conditions of both inflammation and myocardial strain. We investigated the association of soluble ST2 (sST2) concentrations with organ fai...
SF3B1 Mutations Frequently Occur With Both ATM Mutations and TP53 Mutations In CLL Patients
Authors: Veronika Navrkalova, Jitka Malcikova, Barbara Kantorova, Ludmila Sebejova, Karla Plevova, Marek Mraz, Michael Doubek, Yvona Brychtova, Jana Smardova, Jiri Mayer, Sarka Pospisilova, Martin Trbusek
Journal: Blood (2013)
COX-2抑制剂、传统非甾体抗炎药与心脏——临床试验得到的不良反应数据必须告知用药决策者
Authors: Peter, Jüni, Stephan, Reichenbach, Matthias, Egger, 张卓莉（译）, 董怡（校）
Journal: BMJ (2005)

对于慢性骨骼肌疼痛的病人来说，当前是困难时期，因为他们经常服用的药物不断出现令人担忧的不良反应。罗非昔布（万络）预防腺瘤性息肉病的随机临床试验（APPROVe）显示：在既往有结肠直肠腺瘤病病史的病人随机服用万络，其严重心血管事件的发生率高于安慰剂组病人，因此2004年9月默克公司将万络从市场上撤出。而罗非昔布作为一种非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）上市，是基于其对环氧化酶2（COX-2）同工酶的选择性抑制因而具有很好的疗效和胃肠道安全性。
Abstract 23251: Safety, Lipid, and Lipoprotein Effects of REGN727/SAR236553, a Fully-Human Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin Kexin 9 (PCSK9) Monoclonal Antibody Administered Intravenously to Healthy Volunteers
Authors: Gary Swergold, Stephanie Biedermann, Rumiana Renard, Douglas Nadler, Richard Wu, Scott Mellis
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Basic concepts in family therapy: a differential comparison with individual treatment
Authors: L R Robinson
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The author presents basic differences between the approaches of family therapy and of the individual therapies on three dimensions: personality development, symptom formation, and the approach to producing therapeutic change. Family therapy bases its view of these factors in psychotherapy on the idea that they are determined by the family's functioning as an interderdependent transactional unit; the individual therapies base their views of these factors on the idea that they are determined by the dynamic intrapsychic functioning of the individual alone.