tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PSA response and early PSA progression evaluated in patients randomized in a phase III trial comparing androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) plus docetaxel versus ADT alone in hormone-naive metastatic prostate cancer (GETUG-AFU 15/0403).
Authors: G. Gravis, K. Fizazi, F. Joly, S. Oudard, F. Priou, I. Latorzeff, R. Delva, B. Esterni, M. Habibian, M. Soulie
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

10 Background: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard treatment of hormone naïve metastatic prostate cancer (HNMPC). We initiated a phase III multicentre trial comparing ADT with or without docetaxel (D) in HNMPC (GETUG 15) and the primary endpoint is overall survival. PSA progression defined as an increase of 25% over baseline or nadirin the first 7 months was recently shown to be a strong predictor of death in HNMPC (Hussain M et al J Clin Oncol 27: 2009). Methods: Patients (pts) with HNMPC were randomly assigned to either arm A (ADT plus D: 75mg/m 2 q3w, 9 cycles) or arm B (ADT). From 10/2004 to 12/2008, 385 pts were accrued. The median baseline PSA values were 29.4 ng/mL (0.05-2,170) in arm A and 25.3 ng/mL (0.1-11,900) in arm B. Data on PSA response are available in 171/192 pts (arm A) pts and 181/193 pts (arm B) at 3 months and 156 pts (arm A) and 148 pts (arm B) at 6 months. Results: A PSA response (&gt; 30%) was achieved at 3 months in 93.6% (arm A) and 85.1% (arm B; p=0.02). A PSA response (&gt; 50%) was achieved at 3 months in 90.6% (arm A) versus 80.1% (arm B; p=0.01). When assessed at 6 months, a PSA response (&gt; 30%) was obtained in 94.9% (arm A) versus 86.5% (arm B; p=0.02). A PSA response (&gt; 50%) was achieved in 94.9% (arm A) versus 85.8% (arm B; p=0.01) A PSA progression (25% increase) was observed in 1.3% in arm A and 10.1% in arm B (p=0.002). Conclusions: The addition of 3-weekly docetaxel to ADT significantly improves PSA response and significantly reduces PSA progression at 6 months in patients with HNMPC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Childhood Psychosis or Mental Retardation: A Diagnostic Dilemma. I. Psychiatric and Psychological Aspects
Authors: B GOLDBERG, H H SOPER
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Verteporfin Photodynamic Therapy of Choroidal Neovascularization in Angioid Streaks
Authors: Andrew C. Browning, A.K.K. Chung, F. Ghanchi, S.P. Harding, M. Musadiq, S.J. Talks, Y.C. Yang, W.M. Amoaku
Journal: Ophthalmology (2005)
Amelioration of Tissue Fibrosis by Toll‐like Receptor 4 Knockout in Murine Models of Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Takehiro Takahashi, Yoshihide Asano, Yohei Ichimura, Tetsuo Toyama, Takashi Taniguchi, Shinji Noda, Kaname Akamata, Yayoi Tada, Makoto Sugaya, Takafumi Kadono, Shinichi Sato
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective Bleomycin‐induced fibrosis and the tight skin (TSK/+) mouse are well‐established experimental murine models of human systemic sclerosis (SSc). Growing evidence has demonstrated the pivotal role of Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) in several autoimmune inflammatory diseases, including SSc. This study was undertaken to determine the role of TLR‐4 in the fibrotic processes in these murine models. Methods We generated a murine model of bleomycin‐induced SSc using TLR‐4 −/− mice and TLR‐4 −/− ;TSK/+ mice. The mechanisms by which TLR‐4 contributes to pathologic tissue fibrosis were investigated in these 2 models by histologic examination, hydroxyproline assay, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, and flow cytometry. Results Dermal and lung fibrosis was attenuated in bleomycin‐treated TLR‐4 −/− mice compared with their wild‐type counterparts. Inflammatory cell infiltration, expression of various inflammatory cytokines, and pathologic angiogenesis induced by bleomycin treatment were suppressed with TLR‐4 deletion. Furthermore, the increased expression of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) in fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and immune cells in response to bleomycin in vivo and to lipopolysaccharide in vitro was notably abrogated in the absence of TLR‐4. Moreover, TLR‐4 deletion was associated with alleviated B cell activation and skew toward a Th2/Th17 response against bleomycin treatment. Importantly, in TSK/+ mice, another SSc murine model, TLR‐4 abrogation attenuated hypodermal fibrosis. Conclusion These results indicate the pivotal contribution of TLR‐4 to the pathologic tissue fibrosis of SSc murine models. Our results indicate the critical role of TLR‐4 signaling in the development of tissue fibrosis, suggesting that biomolecular TLR‐4 targeting might be a potential therapeutic approach to SSc.
Susceptibility of mycobacterium avium complex and mycobacterium xenopi to rifampin, rifapentine, clarithromycin and moxifloxacin, alone or in combination with ethambutol
Authors: Claire Andrejak, Deepak Almeida, Eric Nuermberger, Jacques Grosset
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Pulmonary disease due to  M. avium  complex [MAC], and  M. xenopi  [Mx]) is a growing health problem in industrialized countries and the optimal antibiotic treatment is still debated. We conducted a in vitro study to evaluate the activity of the main antibiotics on MAC and Mx.   Methods:  For MAC strain 101 and Mx ATCC strain 700898, minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs), of clarithromycin (CLA), moxifloxacin (MXF), rifampin (RIF), rifapentine (RPT), ethambutol (EMB) were determined on 7H11 media. Inoculum was 2.7 log10 CFU of Mx and 4.5 log10 CFU of MAC. Plates were read after 28 days of incubation at 37°C (MAC) or 42°C (Mx). MIC was defined as the lowest drug concentration that inhibits ≥99% of colonies compared to control. Combinations of EMB-RIF, EMB-RPT, MXF-CLA and EMB-MXF for Mx and MAC were tested using the checkerboard method.   Results:  For MAC, MIC was >4 for CLA, 2 for MXF, >16 for RIF, >4 for RPT, 16 for EMB. For Mx, MIC was >4 for CLA, 2 for MXF, >16 for RIF, 4 for RPT, 16 for EMB. For both Mx and MAC, MIC was 1 for CLA when we used Mueller Hinton media (pH=7.3 for Mueller Hinton media vs pH=6.6 for 7H11). Synergy was observed for EMB-RIF, EMB-MXF, MXF-CLA against Mx, and for EMB-RPT against both Mx and MAC. An additive effect was found for CLA-MXF, EMB-RIF, EMB-MXF against MAC.   Conclusion:  The addition of EMB decreased the MIC of RPT against both MAC and Mx and decreased MIC of MXF and RIF against Mx. So, EMB could increase the in vivo activity of these antibiotics against these mycobacterial opportunistic pathogens. No antagonism between MXF and CLA was found.
Abstract 17366: Is Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Chronic Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus Safe?
Authors: Luigi Di Biase, J. David Burkhardt, Javier Sanchez, Richard Hongo, Rodney Horton, Joseph G Gallinghouse, Salwa Beheiry, Steven Hao, Prasant Mohanty, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Sergio Conti, Rong Bai, Dhanunjay Lakkireddy, William R. Lewis, Robert A. Schweikert, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation is an independent risk factor for stroke. Whether the presence of chronic left atrial appendage thrombus prior to the procedure in pts with th...
Epoetin and IV iron dose requirements are reduced by hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients in the dialysis outcomes and practice patterns study
Authors: Da Goodkin, J.L. Bragg-Greshamm, Michel Jadoul, B. Canaud, B.W. Gillespie, T. Akizawa, F.K. Port
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2009)
Prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders in persons making serious suicide attempts: a case-control study
Authors: A L Beautrais, P R Joyce, R T Mulder, D M Fergusson, B J Deavoll, S K Nightingale
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and comorbidity patterns of psychiatric disorders in subjects making medically serious suicide attempts and in comparison subjects.The association between mental disorders and the risk of a suicide attempt was examined in 302 consecutive individuals who made serious suicide attempts and 1,028 randomly selected comparison subjects. Each subject completed a semistructured interview, and a significant other underwent a parallel interview; best-estimate DSM-III-R diagnoses were then generated.Of those who made serious suicide attempts, 90.1% had a mental disorder at the time of the attempt. Multiple logistic regression showed that those who made suicide attempts had high rates of mood disorders (odds ratio = 33.4, 95% confidence interval = 21.9-1.2); substance use disorders (odds ratio = 2.6, 95% confidence interval = 1.6-4.3); conduct disorder or antisocial personality disorder (odds ratio = 3.7, 95% confidence interval = 2.1-6.5); and nonaffective psychosis (odds ratio = 16.8, 95% confidence interval = 2.7-105.8). The relationship between psychiatric morbidity and suicide risk varied with age and gender. The incidence of comorbidity was high: 56.6% of those who made serious suicide attempts had two or more disorders. The risk of a suicide attempt increased with increasing psychiatric morbidity: subjects with two or more disorders had odds of serious suicide attempts that were 89.7 times the odds of those with no psychiatric disorder.Individuals who made serious suicide attempts had high rates of mental disorders and of comorbid disorders. Subjects with high levels of psychiatric comorbidity had markedly high risks of serious suicide attempts.
Abstract 9185: Is Suboptimal Adherence to Weight Monitoring and/or Weight-Based Diuretic Self-Adjustment Associated with Heart Failure-Related Emergency Department Visits or Hospitalizations?
Authors: Christine D Jones, George M Holmes, Darren A DeWalt, Brian Erman, Kimberly A Broucksou, Victoria Hawk, Jia-Rong Wu, Crystal W Cene, Michael Pignone
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Heart failure (HF) self-care interventions that include daily weights and diuretic self-adjustment to manage volume status can improve outcomes, but suboptimal adherence may limit their effectiveness. We sought to evaluate the association of 1) adherence to weight monitoring, and 2) adherence to a weight-based diuretic self-adjustment plan (WBDSA) with HF-related Emergency Department (ED) visits or hospitalizations. Methods We performed a case-control analysis nested in a HF self-care clinical trial. Participants received HF education over one year that covered topics including daily weight monitoring and personalized WBDSA plans. All participants were to record daily weights and loop diuretic doses in a specialized diary. Cases were 7-day periods preceding HF-related ED visits or hospitalizations determined by masked outcome adjudication. Controls were 7-day periods free of ED visits or hospitalizations and were matched to cases 10:1 for age, gender, NYHA class, and study site. Weight monitoring adherence required recording a weight; WBDSA adherence required recording a correct diuretic dose based on the WBDSA plan. Weight monitoring and WBDSA adherence were determined over 7 days and dichotomized into &lt;6 versus &gt;= 6/7 days of adherence. We used logistic regression to evaluate the odds of weight monitoring and WBDSA adherence in cases compared to controls and adjusted for age, gender, NYHA class, study site, literacy, socioeconomic ladder, systolic HF, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease. Results Among 303 participants, we identified 81 eligible cases [12 ED visits (15%) and 69 hospitalizations (85%)] in 54 patients. Weight monitoring adherence (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.23, 0.81) and WBDSA adherence (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16, 0.82) were both associated with lower adjusted odds of a HF-related ED visit or hospitalization. Results were similar in unadjusted models for both weight monitoring adherence (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.31, 0.95) and WBDSA adherence (0.36, 95% CI 0.16, 0.81). Conclusions Adherence to daily weight monitoring and WBDSA was associated with lower odds of ED visits or hospitalizations related to HF. Enhancing adoption and adherence for these self-care behaviors may be an important step in reducing HF-related morbidity.
Inhibition of Cholesterol Biosynthesis by Triparanol in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: J. L. Kalliomaki, H. A. Saarimaa, P. O. Seppala
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1963)

Triparanol (/3-L-diethylaminoethoxyphenyl-l-[-ptolyl]-2-p-chlorophenyl)* is an efficient inhibitor of endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis (Blohm and MacKenzie, 1959). It seems to prevent the conversion of 24-dehydrocholesterol (desmotserol) to cholesterol (Avigan, Steinberg, Thompson, and Mosettig, 1960; Frantz, Mobberley, and Schroepfer, 1960). Recently, it has been shown that triparanol, in doses of 1,000 mg. per day, significantly reduces the production of cortisol and aldosterone in healthy subjects and in patients with hyperadrenalism (Melby, St. Cyr, and Dale, 1961). The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of this possible partial inhibition of adrenalsteroid hormone production induced by triparanol in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
Matched unrelated donor (MUD) bone marrow transplantation for adults and children with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma: preliminary analysis of 56 cases reported to EBMT lymphoma registry.
Authors: Crj Singer, G. Taghipour, Ma. Boogaerts, R Powles, C. Cordonnier, N. Schmitz, Ah. Goldstone
Journal: Blood (1999)
Tumor microenvironment tenascin-C promotes glioblastoma invasion and negatively regulates tumor proliferation
Authors: Shuli Xia, Bachchu Lal, Brian Tung, Shervin Wang, C. Rory Goodwin, John Laterra
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Recent research on cancer stroma indicates that the brain microenvironment plays a substantial role in tumor malignancy and treatment responses to current antitumor therapy. In this work, we have investigated the effect of alterations in brain tumor extracellular matrix tenascin-C (TNC) on brain tumor growth patterns including proliferation and invasion. Since intracranial xenografts from patient-derived GBM neurospheres form highly invasive tumors that recapitulate the invasive features demonstrated in human patients diagnosed with GBM, we studied TNC gain-of-function and loss-of function in these GBM neurospheres in vitro and in vivo. TNC loss-of-function promoted GBM neurosphere cell adhesion and actin cytoskeleton organization. Yet, TNC loss-of-function or exogenous TNC had no effect on GBM neurosphere cell growth in vitro. In animal models, decreased TNC in the tumor microenvironment was accompanied by decreased tumor invasion and increased tumor proliferation, suggesting that TNC regulates the "go-or-grow" phenotypic switch of glioma in vivo. We demonstrated that decreased TNC in the tumor microenvironment modulated behaviors of stromal cells including endothelial cells and microglia, resulting in enlarged tumor blood vessels and activated microglia in tumors. We further demonstrated that tumor cells with decreased TNC expression are sensitive to anti-proliferative treatment in vitro. Our findings suggest that detailed understanding of how TNC in the tumor microenvironment influences tumor behavior and the interactions between tumor cells and surrounding nontumor cells will benefit novel combinatory antitumor strategies to treat malignant brain tumors.
A psychodynamic model of panic disorder
Authors: M K Shear, A M Cooper, G L Klerman, F N Busch, T Shapiro
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Current psychiatric research on panic disorder and its treatment are heavily influenced by neurobiological and cognitive-behavioral models rather than psychodynamic propositions, and psychodynamic treatment is generally considered to be of little benefit in amelioration of symptoms. However, because neither of the current models fully explains the clinical psychopathology, etiology, or pathogenesis of panic disorder, there is a need for further model building. The authors suggest that a psychodynamic approach may add to the understanding of patients with panic disorder. They base their psychodynamic formulation on pilot interviews with nine patients with panic disorder, published reports of psychological characteristics of patients with panic disorder, and data from infant and animal research on temperament. Interview results included the following: 1) all of the patients described themselves as fearful, nervous, or shy as children, 2) they remembered their parents as angry, frightening, critical, or controlling, 3) they frequently indicated discomfort with aggression, 4) most described chronic feelings of low self-esteem, 5) their spouses were characterized as passive, kind, and nonaggressive, and 6) stressors associated with frustration and resentment preceded the onset of panic. The authors propose a model in which inborn neurophysiological irritability predisposes to early fearfulness. Exposure to parental behaviors that augment fearfulness results in disturbances in object relations and persistence of conflicts between dependence and independence, which predispose to fears of feeling trapped, suffocated, and unable to escape and/or feeling alone and unable to get help. Catastrophic fears of helplessness in the face of suffocation or abandonment are easily accessible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
First identification of tick-borne encephalitis in Denmark outside of Bornholm, August 2009
Authors: A Fomsgaard, C B Christiansen, R Bødker
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

The incidence of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Scandinavia is increasing and spreading geographically. Following two clinical cases of TBE hospitalised after tick bites in northern Zealand, Denmark, specific IgM and IgG antibodies against tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) were demonstrated in acute serum samples of these patients. TBEV was identified by RT-PCR in ticks collected from the same location. This is the first report of TBEV in Ixodes ricinus leading to clinical cases in Denmark outside of Bornholm island.
Diet and the prevention of cancer
Authors: U. Gonder, A S. Truswell, M. D Barber, M I Gurr, J. H Cummings, S. A Bingham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

<b>Background:</b> Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a genetic disorder. Most of case of severe AAT are caused by Z and S mutations in the SERPINA1 gene, that reduces serum AAT concentrations till to 15% of normal levels. Mutations causing total absence of serum AAT (Null mutations) are very rare. Individuals homozygouse for Null mutations should be considered a subgroup at particularly high risk of emphysema, but their clinical phenotype is poorly described. <b>Objectives:</b> We would like to evaluate the differences between clinical history of AATD in subject with the most prevalent deficient genotype (PI*ZZ) and those with rare PI*Null/Null genotypes, and the different impact that the only available specific therapy for AATD (augmentation therapy with purified AAT) could have on them. <b>Methods:</b> We analyzed clinical and demographic characteristics of 8 PI*Null/Null patients in comparison to 338 PI*ZZ subjects from the Italian Registry of Severe AATD. <b>Results:</b> In comparison to PI*ZZ, PI*Null/Null patients have early respiratory symptoms (31.7 vs 45.2 years, p=0,006), and worse lung function at diagnosis (FEV1 41.5 vs 70.7, p=0.01; FVC 77.4 vs 87.57 %pred.) and obstruction (FEV1/FVC 0.6 vs 0.7). They are most frequently treated with augmentation therapy (100% vs 31.4%, p&lt;0.0001) and they start earlier augmentation therapy (36.8 vs 53.72 years, p=0.0001). As a consequence they had a blunted lung function decline: FEV1 decline 9,82 vs 25,45, FEV1/FVC% 0,011 vs 0,025. <b>Conclusions:</b> Early detection of PI*Null/Null subject is desirable for preventive and therapeutic interventions. PI*Null/Null subjects have great benefit from early augmentation therapy.
Clinical and Correlative Pilot Study Of Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone Followed By Lenalidomide Extended Dosing (CRd – R) In High Risk Smoldering Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Ola Landgren, Sham Mailankody, Mary Kwok, Elisabet E. Manasanch, Manisha Bhutani, Nishant Tageja, Dickran Kazandjian, Adriana Zingone, Rene Costello, Debra Burton, Yong Zhang, Peter Wu, George Carter, Marcia Mulquin, Diamond Zuchlinski, Irina Maric, Katherine R Calvo, Raul C. Braylan, Constance Yuan, Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson, Diane C Arthur, Liza Lindenberg, Karen Kurdziel, Peter Choyke, Seth M. Steinberg, Mark Roschewski, Neha Korde
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 234: Bivalirudin Adversely Affects Endothelial NO Bioavailability By Vascular Immoblization Of Myeloperoxidase
Authors: Volker Rudolph, Tanja Rudolph, Denise Lau, Katalin Szocs, Anna Klinke, Thomas Meinertz, Thomas Heitzer, Stephan Baldus
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), has been shown to oxidize endothelial derived nitric oxide (NO). Heparins mobilize vascular bound MPO and thereby increase endothelial NO bioavailability. Here we...
Abstract P393: Recent Decrease in Ischemic Stroke Mortality in the Netherlands Not Explained by Changes in Incidence
Authors: Ilonca Vaartjes, Martin O'Flaherty, Simon Capewell, Michiel Bots
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: The decline in ischemic stroke (IS) mortality in the Netherlands briefly slowed in the 1990s, but then accelerated in the new millennium. IS mortality reflects case fatality, secondary prevention and, crucially, IS incidence. In the present study we determined nationwide IS incidence from 1997 to 2005. Methods: Out-of-hospital deaths for IS were identified in the national cause of death register using ICD-10 codes I63 and I64. First hospitalized IS patients were identified through linkage of the national hospital discharge register and the population register (using ICD-9 codes 434 and 436). We calculated age-sex specific incidence rates and age standardized incidence rates for every year. We identified trends in time series using Mann-Kendall tests. Results: Between 1997 and 2005, we identified 173,293 new IS cases (45% men). Twenty-six percent were out-of-hospital deaths. Age standardized incidence rates increased significantly between 1997 and 2005, from 111 to 119 per 100,000 in 2005 in men, and from 90 to 105 per 100,000 in women (fig 1). Conclusions: Ischemic stroke mortality rapidly declined in the new millennium. This decline however cannot be explained by changes in the incidence of IS which remained stable or even increased between 1997 and 2005. More detailed analysis of trends in case fatality and secondary prevention after IS is therefore needed to examine the welcome decline in IS mortality. However, the increasing trends in IS incidence are worrisome. Recent trends in cardiovascular risk factors should be urgently investigated.