tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alteration of gene expression profile following PPP2R5C knockdown may be associated with proliferation suppression and increased apoptosis of K562 cells
Authors: Sichu Liu, Qi Shen, Yu Chen, Chengwu Zeng, Changshu Cao, Lijian Yang, Shaohua Chen, Xiuli Wu, Bo Li, Yangqiu Li
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2015)

We reported that knockdown of PPP2R5C by siRNA led to proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in K562 cells. In this study, we further characterized the gene expression profiles after PPP2R5C suppression by microarray analysis. Genes which participate in the MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and JAK/STAT pathways, were mainly altered in the K562 cells. We propose that the mechanism for proliferation inhibition and increased apoptosis of K562 cells following PPP2R5C suppression may be related to the alteration of expression profiles of BRAF, AKT2, AKT3, NFKB2 and STAT3 genes.
Points from Letters: Delay in Driving Tests
Authors: V. N. Fenton
Journal: BMJ (1970)

regarding the subconsultant grade (31 Jan- uary, p. 304).Although I am happy to ac- cept that Mr. Bennett appears to have been misreported, nevertheless his suggestion is not one that would commend itself in any future staffing structure.Dr. Thompson stresses that his remarks were factual.However, by admitting that there are "medical assistants who already carry out
Mobile orthoptic service for primary screening of visual disorder in young children.
Authors: A V MacLellan, P Harker
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A mobile orthoptic service was begun in 1976. General practitioners, clinic doctors, and health visitors referred 4544 preschool children to the service in 18 months. Of the children referred, no defect was detected in 3138 (69%), 927 (20%) were recalled for a second assessment within 12 months, and 479 (11%) were referred for treatment. Out of 261 who received treatment in Oxford, 24 (9%) received aftercare. Benefits of the service included a 25% decrease during 1976-7 in inappropriate referrals of preschool children to the specialist hospital. The chance of inappropriate referral was reduced by a factor of 30 if a child was referred to the mobile service instead of to the eye hospital. A prevention programme such as the mobile orthoptic service can improve the rate of detection of visual disorder in young children, while providing the support needed by primary-care doctors and nurses for visual screening of preschool children easily and cheaply.
Rheumatic Nodules Needed
Authors: BERNICE WEDUM
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 May 1973Rheumatic Nodules NeededBERNICE WEDUM, M.D.BERNICE WEDUM, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-786_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We appeal to physicians and investigators for rheumatic subcutaneous nodules recently formed in the course of rheumatic carditis, for use in studies of the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever.Nodules situated on the extremities, readily accessible to biopsy and just in the process of forming before steroid therapy, are especially sought, although any nodules are welcome. Self-addressed containers with fluids and details on biopsy technic may be obtained from Bernice G. Wedum, M.D., c/o Mr. Gun-Hyuk Kim, Bldg. 37, Room 1C27, National Health Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20014.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 786-786KeywordsBiopsyMyocarditisPathogenesisRheumatic feverSteroid therapy Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE THERAPEUTIC ACTION OF THE TURKISH BATH.
Authors: VICTOR JAGIELSKI
Journal: JAMA (1896)

My long experience with the Turkish bath prompts me as most essential, before going into the therapeutic aspect of the question, to make you first acquainted with the tools with which you have to work in order to obtain good results. All Turkish baths do not correspond to the requirements of modern science and vary so greatly in this respect that many of them now in existence should cease to exist on this ground. We doctors try to do the best we can for the public and ought to direct the patients only to baths which we have ourselves examined so that we can recommend them conscientiously for curative purposes. But, alas, how many bathers do consult doctors, and how many doctors have taken the trouble of studying balneologic details; hence bathers go to any Turkish bath they hear of without any previous or proper instruction. From my experience of
A Unique Case.
Authors: John Milton Duff
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Pittsburg, Pa., June 14, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have thought the following case of sufficient interest to report. My friend, Dr. R. J. Phillips of this city, attended a woman in her second confinement yesterday. There was a twin birth (boys), both children well delevoped except that each one had a harelip and one has five fingers on one hand and only partial development of the thumb. Yours, etc.,
OCREIFORM ATROPHY AND DERMATITIS IN KENYAN AFRICANS
Authors: A. R. H. B. VERHAGEN, J. W. Koten
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

SUMMARY.— Dermatitis on the anterior aspect of the lower leg (“ocreiform”) is a Common condition among Africans in Kenya with distinctive clinical and histopathological features. The relationship between this dermatitis and other chronic eczematous infected conditions of the extremities, notably “dermatitis cruris pustulosa et atrophicans” described in Nigeria is discussed. The predisposing factor in Africans for dermatitis in this localization appears to be an atrophy with similar distinctive features, which was found to be present in a majority of all Kenyans over the age of 5 and is often overtreated by vigorous cosmetic procedures.
The mechanisms of and the interrelationship between bile acid and chylomicron-mediated regulation of hepatic cholesterol synthesis in the liver of the rat.
Authors: F O Nervi, J M Dietschy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Hepatic cholesterol synthesis is controlled by both the size of the bile acid pool in the enterohepatic circulation and by the amount of cholesterol reaching the liver carried in chylomicron remnants. These studies were undertaken to examine how these two control mechanisms are interrelated. When the size of the pool was systematically varied, the logarithm of the rate of hepatic cholesterol synthesis varied in an inverse linear fashion with the size of the taurocholate pool between the limits of 0 and 60 mg of bile acid per 100 g of body weight. The slope of this relationship gave the fractional inhibition of cholesterol synthesis associated with expansion of the taurocholate pool and was critically dependent upon the amount of cholesterol available for absorption from the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, the degree of inhibition of cholesterol synthesis in the liver seen with taurocholate feeding was reduced by partially blocking cholesterol absorption with beta-sitosterol even though the bile acid pool was still markedly expanded. In rats with diversion of the intestinal lymph from the blood, a five-fold expansion of the taurocholate pool resulted in only slight suppression of the rate of hepatic cholesterol synthesis, and even this inhibition was shown to be attributable to small amounts of cholesterol absorbed through collateral lymphatic vessels and (or) to a fasting effect. Similarly, the infusion of either taurocholate or a combination of taurocholate and taurochenate into rats with no biliary or dietary cholesterol available for absorption caused no suppression of hepatic cholesterol synthesis. Finally, the effect of changes in the rate of bile acid snythesis on hepatic cholesterol synthesis was examined. The fractional inhibition of cholesterol synthesis found after administration of an amount of cholesterol sufficient to raise the hepatic cholesterol ester content by 1 mg/g equalled only --0.36 when bile acid snythesis was increased by biliary diversion but was --0.92 when bile acid synthesis was suppressed by bile acid feeding. It is concluded that (a) bile acids are not direct effectors of the rate of hepatic cholesterol synthesis, (b) most of the inhibitory activity seen with bile acid feeding is mediated through increased cholesterol absorption, and (c) bile acids do have an intrahepatic effect in that they regulate hepatic cholesterol synthesis indirectly by altering the flow of cellular cholesterol to bile acids.
A Clinical Lecture on Delayed Union, Non-Union and Mal-Union of Fractures: Delivered at Westminster Hospital
Authors: A. H. Tubby
Journal: BMJ (1901)

GENTLEMEN,-On the last occasion when we met we discussed the methods by which a simple fracture is united, together with the treatment of simple fracture, and to-day it is pro- posed to speak of departures which occur from the normal process of union of fracture.Such departures are delay in union, failure of union, and union in bad position.It is necessary to make a distinction between delayed union and non-union, and the two are not identical, for a fracture may be a long time joining, yet it may ultimately do so, and thus the case may serve as an example of delayed union.On the other hand, it may not join at all unless surgically treated; such is a condition of non-union.It therefore follows that non-union includes all cases of delayed union, but the latter does not always imply the former.Therefore it is important for clinical purposes to make distinctions be- tween delayed union and non-union, and the first that occurs is that of the time element.If, for example, a simple fracture of the lower part of the tibia is not united in six weeks, the case comes into the category of delay; but if, after three months treatment, the callus is not ossified, it is a case of non-union.Yet this point, however, is rather arbitrary, for, in certain situations, union is naturally slow.An ex- ample of this is a fracture of the upper end of the tibia.It would not be correct to speak of delayed union at the end of six weeks after a fracture in this situation, for it is wellknown that healing is slow to occur there.Passing from the question of the time element to signs at the site of fracture, it is safe to say that if, some weeks after the accident, a mass of callus be present, and gentle, passive movement causes pain or inflammatory signs, the case is probably one of retardation rather than failure of union.A striking example is the case of a patient, aged 56, in Hollond Ward, who was sent to me from Ramsgate as an instance of non-union occurring in the lower third of the right femur.Either on touching the skin over the fracture, or on attempting gentle passive movement, the patient ex- perienced acute pain.rhe presence of malignant growth was suspected, and so I cut down to the site of fracture.It was then foundthat the com- pact tissue of bone was extremely thin, the medulla in a state of fatty degeneration, and that very little repair had taken plaee; but the irrita- tion produced by an examination at the site of fracture set up a rapid reparative process, and, six weeks after the operation, the bones had united.Another point of distinction between non-union and delayed union is the following:-If there be much loss of voluntary movement with pain on passive movement delay is signified, but if there be no pain on passive movement non-union is present; and the presence of a large amount of callus generally indicates that union will ultimately take place.
Health informatics in the undergraduate curriculum.
Authors: R Jones
Journal: BMJ (1991)

The effect of morphine sulfate on the body temperature of the rat has been investigated. With a dose of 10 mg/kg administered intravenously there occurred a marked fall in core temperature and the degree and duration of hypothermia increased to give a maximum response with 35-50 mg/kg. Doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg caused either no change or a rise in temperature. Injection of 50 µg morphine sulfate into the region of the preoptic/anterior hypothalamic nuclei also led to a fall in core temperature, while injections into other regions of the hypothalamus were ineffective. Introduction of the drug into the area of the mammillary nuclei caused hyperactivity and hyperthermia. It is suggested that the hypothermic effect of morphine is due to depression of the set point of the thermoregulatory center in the anterior hypothalamus.
Increased Levels of Cow's Milk and β-Lactoglobulin Antibodies in Young Children With Newly Diagnosed IDDM
Authors: Erkki Savilahti, Tero T Saukkonen, Esa T Virtala, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Hans K Åkerblom
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

Objective— To investigate the humoral immune response to cow's milk in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed IDDM. Research Design and Methods— We measured IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies to the proteins of cow's milk and to β-lactoglobulin by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Samples from 706 pediatric patients with newly diagnosed IDDM were available. We used two comparison groups: 105 patients &amp;lt; 7 yr old had an unrelated age-matched control subject, and samples from 456 3- to 14-yr-old nondiabetic siblings also were available. Results— Patients &amp;lt; 3 yr of age had a markedly higher median level of IgG and IgA antibodies to cow's milk compared with the control subjects (P = 0.03 and 0.002, respectively), IgG antibodies to β-lactoglobulin also were higher (P = 0.03). Older groups of diabetic patients, 3.0–6.9 and 7.0–14.9 yr of age, had significantly higher levels of IgA antibodies to cow's milk and β-lactoglobulin than the age-matched comparison groups of both unrelated control subjects and nondiabetic siblings, although the median values of the diabetic patients were closer to those of the comparison groups than in the youngest groups. Nondiabetic siblings had higher levels of IgA cow's milk antibodies than unrelated control subjects of similar ages (3–6.9 yr of age) (P = 0.03). The 14 siblings contracting IDDM during the follow-up showed no change in the levels of cow's milk or β-lactoglobulin antibodies in relation to the clinical diagnosis. Conclusions— The results indicate an abnormally strong humoral response to the proteins of cow's milk, particularly in young IDDM patients and, to a lesser extent, in their siblings. We infer that the proteins of cow's milk may trigger the autoimmune process of IDDM.
Formaldehyde Sensitivity and Toxicity-Reply
Authors: Barry H. Rumack
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We agree with Dr Morris that sensitivity to formaldehyde is one course of the medical problems that follow exposure. The toxic problem to formaldehyde exists as well without sensitivity. This is evidenced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration standards requiring wearing of a respirator for workers to be exposed to 1 ppm. Installers and patients have reported to us that when levels are highest during the first few days after foaming, many persons will show signs of toxic reaction, and then as the level drops, most signs will disappear. Unfortunately, some homes have high levels for a long time with continued problems, and some persons become sensitive and then have trouble with permanent-press clothes that they did not previously experience.
P62 Early Results of a National Lung Cancer Awareness Campaign
Authors: J Maguire, V Kelly, M Ledson, C Smyth, A McIver, M Walshaw
Journal: Thorax (2012)

In May 2012 a centrally funded National Lung Cancer Awareness Campaign was initiated. This campaign was influenced by encouraging results from local pilot studies, and featured news items and public health awareness adverts in national and local media, including nationwide television and radio exposure, accompanied by celebrity involvement and endorsements. The cost of this initiative has not been disclosed. Liverpool has the highest lung cancer incidence and mortality in England, and our Lung Cancer Unit, providing a service for patients in South Liverpool, is the largest in the Cancer Network and amongst the largest in the country. To assess the impact of the national campaign we have reviewed referrals to our Rapid Access Lung Cancer Service from General Practise via the 14 day suspected cancer pathway, during the months of April, May and June 2012; we have also reviewed referrals during the same months in 2011 and 2010. The total number of referrals from General Practise was 20 in April 2012, 30 in May 2012 and 27 in June 2012. The proportion of patients who had lung cancer was 8/20, 15/30 and 11/27 respectively. The percentage of patients with a diagnosis of lung cancer who underwent potentially curative surgical resection was 25% in April, 30% in May and 27% in June. Comparison with corresponding figures from 2011 and 2010 shows no significant difference in lung cancer referral or diagnosis rates, with a small but not statistically significant increase in surgical resection rates year on year. Our conclusion is that the national awareness campaign initiated in May 2012 has had no significant early effect on lung cancer referral, diagnostic and treatment patterns in our area.
Molecular signatures of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: The present and future
Authors: Yusuf Yilmaz, Engin Ulukaya
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

We read with great interest the study by Bell and coworkers1 who identified by using label-free quantitative proteomics three different panels of serum biomarkers that can be potentially used for noninvasive diagnosis of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) spectrum. Specifically, a panel of six proteins (fibrinogen β chain, retinol binding protein 4, serum amyloid P component, lumican, transgelin 2, and CD5 antigen-like) were found to differentiate between all conditions in the spectrum of NAFLD. In addition, a group of three proteins (complement component C7, insulin-like growth factor acid labile subunit, and transgelin 2) distinguished between NAFLD (simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]) versus NASH with advanced bridging fibrosis. Finally, two proteins (prothrombin fragment and paraoxonase 1) discriminated with 100% accuracy between control subjects and patients with all forms of NAFLD.1 These interesting findings highlight some important considerations. First, part of the challenge for establishing a molecular signature for NAFLD is that the metabolic syndrome, which is commonly associated with NAFLD,2 leads to activation of the same pathways as does NAFLD. This suggests that we need approaches to separate the effects of NAFLD from that of the metabolic syndrome per se. For instance, paraoxonase 13 and retinol binding protein 44 have been both previously associated with the metabolic syndrome. Second, it is noteworthy that the use of plasma is considered superior to serum because approximately 40% of signals found in serum are not found in plasma because of ex vivo generation during clotting.5 Therefore, the important results by Bell et al. need to be replicated by using plasma samples. Those proteins related to the pathophysiology of NAFLD displaying stable levels in both serum and plasma should be good candidates to be tested in larger populations. Finally, an obvious prerequisite for the clinical use of proteomics-discovered biomarkers is elucidation of analytical features, standardization of analytical methods, assessment of performance characteristics, and demonstration of cost-effectiveness.6 Proteomics offers a great opportunity for the development of novel, noninvasive assays for the diagnosis and monitoring of NAFLD without liver biopsy. Unfortunately, we remain some way from integrating any of the new NAFLD biomarkers into clinical practice. As more data like those by Bell and coworkers become available, it will be imperative that biomarkers of NAFLD with potential clinical utility are independently validated before investment is made into producing a diagnostic test. Yusuf Yilmaz M.D.*, Engin Ulukaya M.D., Ph.D. , * Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey, Department of Biochemistry, Uludag University Medical School, Bursa, Turkey.
Identification of the Niemann-Pick C1–like 1 cholesterol absorption receptor as a new hepatitis C virus entry factor
Authors: Bruno Sainz, Naina Barretto, Danyelle N Martin, Nobuhiko Hiraga, Michio Imamura, Snawar Hussain, Katherine A Marsh, Xuemei Yu, Kazuaki Chayama, Waddah A Alrefai, Susan L Uprichard
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
Laboratory Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infection in Ambulatory Women
Authors: Robert H. Latham
Journal: JAMA (1985)

We evaluated the accuracy and work load of six different approaches to identifying urinary tract infections in a general microbiology laboratory. Midstream urine (MSU) specimens from 387 ambulatory women were examined for pyuria and were cultured using a dual-plating technique that detects both low (10<sup>2</sup>to 10<sup>4</sup>organisms per milliliter) and high (≥ 10<sup>5</sup>organisms per milliliter) colony counts. Seventy-four urinary tract infections (defined as ≥ 10<sup>5</sup>organisms per milliliter of MSU or ≥ 10<sup>2</sup>aerobic gramnegative bacilli per milliliter of MSU in symptomatic patients) were identified. Twenty-four (32%) of the infections were characterized by low colony counts and would not have been identified using a 10<sup>5</sup>or greater colony-forming units/mL criterion for infection. Using the presence of pyuria to direct microbiological processing of urine specimens was the most accurate and efficient method of identifying urinary tract infections among voided specimens from ambulatory women, particularly if rapid screening methods for pyuria can be used. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:3333-3336)
Cyclophosphamide Increases Transgene Expression Mediated by an Oncolytic Adenovirus in Glioma-Bearing Mice Monitored by Bioluminescence Imaging
Authors: Martine L.M. Lamfers, Giulia Fulci, Davide Gianni, Yi Tang, Kazuhiko Kurozumi, Balveen Kaur, Sharif Moeniralm, Yoshinaga Saeki, Jan E. Carette, Ralph Weissleder, W. Peter Vandertop, Victor W. van Beusechem, Clemens M.F. Dirven, E. Antonio Chiocca
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Approaches to improve the oncolytic potency of replication-competent adenoviruses include the insertion of therapeutic transgenes into the viral genome. Little is known about the levels and duration of in vivo transgene expression by cells infected with such "armed" viruses. Using a tumor-selective adenovirus encoding firefly luciferase (AdΔ24CMV-Luc) we investigated these questions in an intracranial mouse model for malignant glioma. Luciferase expression was detected by bioluminescence imaging, and the effect of the immunosuppressive agent cyclophosphamide (CPA) on transgene expression was assessed. Intratumoral AdΔ24CMV-Luc injection led to a localized dose-dependent expression of luciferase. Surprisingly, this expression decreased rapidly during the course of 14 days. In contrast, mice injected with nonreplicating Ad.CMV-Luc demonstrated stable transgene expression. Treatment of mice with CPA in combination with AdΔ24CMV-Luc retarded the loss of transgene expression. Staining of mouse brains for inflammatory cells demonstrated decreased tumor infiltration by immune cells in CPA-treated mice. Moreover, in immunodeficient NOD/SCID mice loss of transgene expression was less rapid and not prevented by CPA treatment. Together, our data demonstrate that transgene expression and viral replication decrease rapidly after intratumoral injection of oncolytic adenovirus in mouse brains and that treatment with the immunomodulator CPA prolongs viral-mediated gene expression.
Erythrocyte glutathione concentration and production during hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and endotoxemia in healthy humans
Authors: Saskia N. van der Crabben, Michiel E. Stegenga, Regje M.E. Blümer, Mariëtte T. Ackermans, Erik Endert, Michael W.T. Tanck, Mireille J. Serlie, Tom van der Poll, Hans P. Sauerwein
Journal: Metabolism (2010)