tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant therapy with a doxorubicin regimen and long-term tamoxifen in premenopausal breast cancer patients: an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group trial.
Authors: D C Tormey, R Gray, M D Abeloff, D L Roseman, K W Gilchrist, E J Barylak, P Stott, G Falkson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

A randomized trial was performed in premenopausal postoperative women with ipsilateral axillary node-positive (N+) breast carcinoma and known estrogen receptor (ER) status to assess the efficacy of an Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH)-based induction regimen and 5 or more years of tamoxifen (Tam).Patients received 12 28-day cycles of cyclophosphamide 100 mg/m2 orally days 1 to 14, methotrexate 40 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) days 1 and 8, fluorouracil 600 mg/m2 IV days 1 and 8, prednisone 40 mg/m2 orally days 1 to 14, and Tam 10 mg orally twice daily (CMFPT), or the same regimen plus halotestin 10 mg orally twice daily (CMFPTH) alternating monthly with 22-day cycles of vinblastine 4.5 mg/m2 IV day 1, Adriamycin 45 mg/m2 IV day 1, thiotepa 12 mg/m2 IV day 1, halotestin, and Tam (ALTER). Prednisone in the ALTER regimen was stopped after the second CMFPTH cycle. After 12 cycles, patients were again randomized to stop or continue Tam. After 5 years, patients on Tam were again randomized to continue or stop Tam; the results from this randomization are still coded. Among 533 analyzed induction cases, 263 received CMFPT and 270 ALTER. Among 396 analyzed maintenance cases, 201 continued Tam and 195 were observed. Pretreatment characteristics were balanced among treatments. The median follow-up times are 5.1 years for induction and 4.1 years for maintenance.The time to relapse (TTR) was superior for the ALTER regimen (P = .04) and for the maintenance Tam (P = .05). Overall survival comparisons between the regimens are not statistically different. A longer TTR was associated with decreasing nodal involvement, ER+ status, and increasing age. The favorable effects of decreasing nodal involvement and ER+ status carried over to survival; a progesterone receptor-positive (PgR+) status and decreasing tumor size were also associated with longer survival. Development of amenorrhea was associated with improved TTR and survival. Toxicity was similar for the two induction regimens and for the two maintenance regimens. Overall relapse patterns were similar among the induction regimens, but continuing Tam led to fewer locoregional relapses.The results suggest significant overall TTR therapeutic benefits of an Adriamycin-containing alternating induction regimen and of continuing maintenance Tam therapy for at least 5 years.
Diarrhea, Weight Loss, and an Ampullary Mass
Authors: Ian Solsky, Oscar K. Serrano, Sarah Bellemare
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Down-regulation of L-selectin expression in neutrophils by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: role of intracellular ATP concentration
Authors: Maria Victoria Gómez-Gaviro, Carmen Domı́nguez-Jiménez, Jorge Moreno Carretero, Pedro Sabando, Isidoro González-Alvaro, Francisco Sánchez-Madrid, Federico Dı́az-González
Journal: Blood (2000)
Host specificity of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis and patients from different clinical backgrounds
Authors: Atqah Abdul Wahab, Saad J. Taj-Aldeen, Emad Ibrahim, Shaikha Hussain, Ramees Mohammed, Irshad Ahmed, Marawan Abu-Madi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background : Pseudomonas aeruginosa  is one of the primary pathogens being isolated more frequently in cystic fibrosis (CF) and exhibits innate resistant to a wide range of antibiotics.  Purpose: To determine whether the highly prevalent genotypes of  P. aeruginosa  are specifically linked to CF patients, isolates from non-CF patients and environment sources were genotypically analyzed.  Methods: Collections of  P. aeruginosa  from lower respiratory secretions (n= 57) were genotyped using pulse-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Phenotypic screening for antibiotic susceptibility was performed for the common antimicrobial agents by Etest and automated Phoenix.  Results:  P. aeruginosa  isolates from CF (n=39), non-CF patients (n=13), and environment sources (n=5) were analyzed. The population structure of  P. aeruginosa  is highly diverse and population specific. All the strains fall among 3 major clusters. Cluster A contained 16 isolates from CF patients and 2 environmental; cluster B contained 12 isolates from CF and one environmental while cluster C contained all the isolates from non CF patients and one environmental. The majority of  P. aeruginosa  strains in CF were resistant to ciprofloxacin (25.7%) followed by amikacin and gentamicin (each 23.6%). Whereas, the majority of isolates from non-CF were resistant to meropenem (69%), which grouped in cluster C.  Conclusion: The fingerprints obtained with  P. aeruginosa  isolates from CF patients have a high degree of similarity, suggesting specific adaptation of these two clones to CF lung. The third non-CF cluster has different clonal origin, indicating specific clustering in both location and patient group.
Maximum cough pressures are increased in patients with chronic cough
Authors: Kai K. Lee, Katie Ward, Gerrard F. Rafferty, John Moxham, Surinder S. Birring
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Cough intensity can be defined with a variety of measures that include thoracic and abdominal pressure, airflow, electromyography and subjective scales. Little is known about cough intensity in patients with chronic cough. We investigated the physiological characteristics of cough intensity in patients with chronic cough and normal subjects.  15 patients with chronic cough and 14 healthy subjects underwent measurements of oesophageal pressure (Poes), gastric pressure (Pga), peak cough flow rate (PCFR), abdominal electromyographic activity and cough sound during voluntary coughs. The data from maximum cough efforts are presented. PCFR was normalised to predicted peak expiratory flow rate to account for gender and height differences.  There was no significant difference in gender, age or lung function between patient and control groups. Maximum cough Poes was higher in patients with chronic cough than controls (188 vs 146cmH2O, p=0.02). This difference was limited to females only; the male group was underpowered to detect a difference. Cough Pga (p=0.01) and normalised cough flow (p=0.03) were also higher in female patients than in controls.  Female patients with chronic cough have higher maximum cough pressures and cough flows than healthy controls. Further studies are needed to identify underlying mechanisms and investigate whether these findings are also relevant to male patients with chronic cough.
Treatment of chemotherapy-induced anemia with recombinant human erythropoietin in cancer patients.
Authors: L C Platanias, C B Miller, R Mick, R D Hart, H Ozer, J M McEvilly, R J Jones, M J Ratain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Thirty patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin for 4 weeks. In this dose-escalation study, cohorts of five to eight patients were treated per dose level. The doses of erythropoietin were 25, 50, 100, 200, or 300 IU/kg/d given intravenously for 5 days each week. Of 30 patients, 15 (50%) had a greater than 10% increase of their hemoglobin (Hb) values and were considered responders. At the two highest dose levels, 11 of 13 patients (85%) responded. In the 15 responding patients, the mean Hb level increased by 1.7 g/dL from baseline compared with an average decrease of 1.5 g/dL in the previous cycles of chemotherapy without erythropoietin administration. Recombinant human erythropoietin is effective in ameliorating chemotherapy-induced anemia when administered in adequate doses.
Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors in Domestic Animals. Data From 11 Colleges of Veterinary Medicine in the United States and Canada2
Authors: William A. Priester
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Pancreatic islet cell tumors (ICTs) were reported in 27 dogs and 2 cats by 11 colleges of veterinary medicine in the United States and Canada from 1964 through 1972. Tumors were excessive (P≤O.Ol) only in standard poodles, about equally distributed by sex, and associated with a moderately increasing risk by age. In dogs, 17 tumors were classified functionally active (all insulin-secreting, as far as could be determined from records available), 5 were inactive, and 5 were not specified. Several animals with ICTs had other primary tumors as well, but these tumors were those expected in the older animals represented.
Dominance and Sexual Behavior: A Hypothesis
Authors: VIRGINIA ABERNETHY
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

Primatological, ethnographic, and psychiatric data suggest the hypothesis that male dominance facilitates male-female copulatory behavior while female dominance inhibits it. The author discusses a mother-son pair of rhesus macaques in which two incestuous episodes took place, several human societies in which the wife is economically independent of her husband and has higher status in the home, and the significance of maternal dominance in the dynamics of male homosexuality. Presentation of these data is followed by suggestions for testing the hypothesis and a discussion of the social and therapeutic implications of the observed relationships.
An Official ATS/ERS/JRS/ALAT Clinical Practice Guideline: Treatment of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. An Update of the 2011 Clinical Practice Guideline
Authors: Ganesh Raghu, Bram Rochwerg, Yuan Zhang, Carlos A. Cuello Garcia, Arata Azuma, Juergen Behr, Jan L. Brozek, Harold R. Collard, William Cunningham, Sakae Homma, Takeshi Johkoh, Fernando J. Martinez, Jeffrey Myers, Shandra L. Protzko, Luca Richeldi, David Rind, Moisés Selman, Arthur Theodore, Athol U. Wells, Henk Hoogsteden, Holger J. Schünemann
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<Executive SummaryContentsOverviewIntroductionMethodsRecommendations for Speci...ConclusionsFuture DirectionsReferencesCITING ARTICLES
A rapid paper‐based test for quantifying sickle hemoglobin in blood samples from patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Nathaniel Z. Piety, Xiaoxi Yang, Dalia Lezzar, Alex George, Sergey S. Shevkoplyas
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Quantification of sickle hemoglobin (HbS) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) undergoing hydroxyurea or chronic transfusion therapy is essential to monitoring the effectiveness of these therapies. The clinical monitoring of %HbS using conventional laboratory methods is limited by high per-test costs and long turnaround times usually associated with these methods. Here we demonstrate a simple, rapid, inexpensive paper-based assay capable of quantifying %HbS in blood samples from patients with SCD. A 20 μL droplet of whole blood and hemoglobin solubility buffer was deposited on chromatography paper. The relative color intensities of regions of the resulting blood stain, determined by automated image analysis, are used to estimate %HbS. We compared the paper-based assay with hemoglobin electrophoresis (comparison method) using blood samples from 88 subjects. The test shows high correlation (R(2) = 0.86) and strong agreement (standard deviation of difference = 7%HbS) with conventional Hb electrophoresis measurement of %HbS, and closely approximates clinically predicted change in %HbS with transfusion therapy (mean difference 2.6%HbS, n = 5). The paper-based assay can be completed in less than 35 min and has a per-test cost less than $0.25. The assay is accurate across a wide range of HbS levels (10-97%) and hemoglobin concentrations (5.6-12.9 g/dL) and is unaffected by high levels of HbF (up to 80.6%). This study demonstrates the feasibility of the paper-based %HbS assay. The paper-based test could improve clinical care for SCD, particularly in resource-limited settings, by enabling more rapid and less expensive %HbS monitoring.
Predictive nature of bronchial responsiveness and respiratory symptoms in a one year cohort study of Sydney schoolchildren
Authors: JK Peat, BG Toelle, CM Salome, AJ Woolcock
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1993)

We wanted to examine the predictive nature, over one year, of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) and recent wheeze (in the previous 12 months), which are the measurements frequently used to classify asthma for epidemiology. A prospective cohort study of 236 children, aged 8-11 yrs, was undertaken, with an initial baseline study, followed by four studies at three monthly intervals over one year. At each study, we measured bronchial responsiveness to histamine by the rapid method, respiratory symptoms by parent questionnaire, and atopy by skin prick tests to common allergens. Airflometer readings, which are closely related to FEV1, were self-recorded. Baseline data were used to classify children into the four categories of "current asthma" (BHR and wheeze), "wheeze only", "BHR only", or "normal". During the year following baseline study, the group initially classified as "wheeze only" had normal Airflometer variability, and 59% had wheeze, and 33% had BHR, which tended to be mild. In the group initially classified as "BHR only", 52% had wheeze with a peak in winter, and 62% had BHR during the following year. This group had more severe bronchial responsiveness and Airflometer variability than the normal and wheeze only groups. The group initially classified as current asthma had a more severe condition, with continued BHR (100%), and wheeze (93%), increased Airflometer variability and more atopy. Thus, the natural history of bronchial responsiveness, respiratory symptoms and allergic history in this group was different from the other three groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Angiotensinogen gene expression is stimulated by the cAMP-responsive element binding protein in opossum kidney cells.
Authors: J F Qian, T T Wang, X H Wu, J Wu, C Ge, S Lachance, S Carriere, J S Chan
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

It has been reported previously that the addition of isoproterenol or forskolin stimulates the expression of the angiotensinogen (ANG) gene in opossum kidney (OK) 27 cells, an OK cell line with a fusion gene containing the 5'-flanking regulatory sequence of the rat ANG gene fused with a human growth hormone (hGH) gene as a reporter, pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18), permanently integrated into their genomes. To investigate whether the effect of isoproterenol or forskolin on the expression of the ANG gene is mediated via the nuclear 43-kD cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), OK 27 cells were transiently transfected with an expression plasmid containing the cDNA for the 43-kD CREB (pRSV/CREB). The level of expression of the pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18) in OK 27 cells was estimated by the amount of immunoreactive hGH secreted into the culture medium. Transfection of pRSV/CREB alone stimulated the expression of pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18). The addition of isoproterenol or forskolin further enhanced the stimulatory effect of pRSV/ CREB on the expression of pOGH (ANG N-1498/+18). The enhancing effect of isoproterenol was inhibited by the presence of propranolol (an inhibitor of beta-adrenoceptors) and (R)-p-adenosine 3'5'-cyclic monophospho-orthioate (Rp)-cAMP (an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A I and II). Transfection of pRSV/CREB had no effect on the expression of thymidine kinase growth hormone in OK 13 cells, an OK cell line with a fusion gene containing the promoter/enhancer DNA sequence of the viral thymidine-kinase gene fused with an hGH gene as a reporter, thymidine kinase growth hormone, permanently integrated into their genomes. These studies demonstrate that isoproterenol stimulates the expression of ANG gene via the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A and probably via the interaction of the 43-kD CREB with the 5'-flanking region of the ANG gene. Our data indicate that the nuclear 43-kD CREB may have a modulatory role on the expression of the ANG gene in OK cells.
Pilot study of a continuous five-day intravenous infusion of etoposide concomitant with cisplatin in selected patients with advanced cancer.
Authors: E T Creagan, R L Richardson, J S Kovach
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

In view of experimental and clinical data suggesting enhanced antiproliferative efficacy from a continuous infusion of etoposide (VP-16) concomitant with cisplatin (CDDP), we performed a dose-seeking study of a five-day infusion of VP-16, 30 mg/m2/24 h and CDDP, 18.5 to 25 mg/m2/24 h. Among eight patients with advanced solid tumors, dose-limiting toxicities were leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. There were no clinically significant renal, neurologic, or otologic sequelae. Nausea and vomiting were mild and transient. Although the trial was not designed as a phase II assessment, we observed three objective regressions among three patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma who had failed prior chemotherapy. The total CDDP dose is similar to five-day single agent studies, yet the total VP-16 dose is approximately 24% to 50% less than a five-day single agent VP-16 dose. The recommended regimen for continuous 120-hour infusion is VP-16, 30 mg/m2/24 h and CDDP, 20 mg/m2/24 h, repeated at monthly intervals.
Advance Care Planning for Outpatient with Gynecologic Cancer
Authors: Satomi Aihara, Yu Kamishita, Mariko Hashiguchi, Chizuru Hayashi, Hiromi Ishimaru, Chiyuki Murao, Rumiko Ookubo, Izumi Shirahama, Yoshifumi Nakao, Masatoshi Yokoyama
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Abstract 1966: Additional Independent Susceptibility Markers for Atrial Fibrillation on Chromosome 4q25
Authors: Steven A Lubitz, Seiko Makino, Moritz F Sinner, Kathryn L Lunetta, Arne Pfeufer, Rosanna Rahman, Stephan P Danik, Akshata Sonni, Marisa A Shea, Frederica del Monte, Siegfried Perz, Annette Peters, Steven M Greenberg, Karen L Furie, Emelia J Benjamin, Jonathan Rosand, Dan E Arking, Alvaro Alonso, Eric Boerwinkle, Stefan Kaab, Patrick T Ellinor
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: We sought to define the genetic architecture at chromosome 4q25 as it relates to atrial fibrillation (AF) and test the feasibility of a multimarker risk-score for AF based on SNPs from ...
Infective Endocarditis: Should Diabetic Patients Be Treated More Aggressively?
Authors: Raúl Moreno, Alexis Villate, Carlos Macaya
Journal: Circulation (2004)

We read with great interest the recent manuscript by Chu et al, 1 in which several predictors for in-hospital mortality in patients with infective endocarditis were identified.In that study, the authors found diabetes as an independent predictor for in-hospital mortality and speculated an adverse influence of hyperglycemia on immune function as a possible explanation.In-hospital mortality was 32% and 12% in diabetics and nondiabetics, respectively. 1This finding is clinically important, because there are very few data on the influence of diabetes on the outcome of this disease.Taking into consideration the results from this study, it could be hypothesized that diabetic patients with infective endocarditis should be managed more aggressively than nondiabetics, regardless of other clinical features.We recently published a work focused on the influence of diabetes on the outcome of patients with infective endocarditis, not only during hospitalization but also at long term.As did Chu et al 1 , we found a higher mortality in diabetics both during hospitalization (35% versus 15%) and at 3 years afterward (54% versus 31%). 2 However, in our study, diabetes was not an independent predictor for mortality, either during hospitalization or at long-term.We identified heart failure, renal insufficiency, and anatomic complications during hospitalization, and renal insufficiency and age at long term as independent predictors for mortality.Of note, we found that anatomic complications (eg, abscess or pseudoaneurysm) (15% versus 20%) and valve rupture or perforation (8% versus 17%) were not more frequent in diabetics, indicating that infective endocarditis is not more aggressive in diabetics than in nondiabetics.These findings lead us to believe that among patients with infective endocarditis, the presence of diabetes probably should not lead per se to a more aggressive management (earlier surgical intervention).
Pulmonary tuberculosis and forced vital capacity (FVC): Results from the BOLD study
Authors: Anamika Jithoo, Peter Burney, Eric Bateman, Sonia Coton, Bernet Kato, David Mannino, A. Sonia Buist
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  A history of pulmonary tuberculosis has been associated with sequelae of both restrictive and obstructive patterns.   Aim:  To assess the relationship of FVC and tuberculosis across 18 countries from the Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease (BOLD) Study.   Methods:  Population based samples of persons aged ≥40 years answered a questionnaire and performed good quality post bronchodilator spirometry (n=12407). We defined 2 groups: A: FEV1/FVC>LLN and FVC   Results:  Restriction with low FVC was measured in 2466 (20%) and obstruction with low FVC in 433 (4%). A history of tuberculosis was reported by 467 (4%) of participants. Figure 1 shows the meta-analyses for groups A and B stratified by country income. Obstruction with low FVC was strongly associated with a history of tuberculosis (OR 2.59; CI 1.73 -3.89). Restriction with low FVC was not associated with tuberculosis (OR 1.04; CI 0.76 -1.41).   Conclusion:  A history of tuberculosis is associated with low FVC only in the presence of an obstructive defect.