tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P6-01-02: Celecoxib alleviates tamoxifen-instigated angiogenic effects by ROS-dependent VEGF/VEGFR2 autocrine signaling
Authors: M Mandal, BN Prasanth Kumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background Tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used in the chemotherapy of breast cancer and as a preventive agent against recurrence after surgery. However, extended TAM administration for breast cancer induces increased VEGF levels in patients, promoting new blood vessel formation and thereby limiting its efficacy. Celecoxib (CXB), a selective COX-2 inhibitor, suppresses VEGF gene expression by targeting the VEGF promoter responsible for its inhibitory effect. For this study, we had selected CXB as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in combination with TAM for suppressing VEGF expression and simultaneously reducing doses of both the drugs. Methods The effects of CXB combined with TAM were examined in two human breast cancer cell lines in culture, MCF7 and MDA-MB-231. Assays of proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, metastasis, cell cycle distribution, and receptor signaling were performed. Results Here, we elucidated how the combination of TAM and the selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (CXB) at nontoxic doses exerts anti-angiogenic effects by specifically targeting VEGF/VEGFR2 autocrine signaling through ROS generation. At the molecular level, TAM-CXB suppresses VHL-mediated HIF-1a activation, responsible for expression of COX-2, MMP-2 and VEGF. Besides low VEGF levels, TAM-CXB also suppresses VEGFR2 expression, confirmed through quantifying secreted VEGF levels, luciferase and RT-PCR studies. Interestingly, we observed that TAM-CXB was effective in blocking VEGFR2 promoter induced expression and further 2 fold decrease in VEGF levels was observed in combination than TAM alone in both cell lines. Secondly, TAM-CXB regulated VEGFR2 inhibits Src expression, responsible for tumor progression and metastasis. FACS and in vivo enzymatic studies showed significant increase in the reactive oxygen species upon TAM-CXB treatment. Conclusions Taken together, our experimental results indicate that this additive combination shows promising outcome in anti-metastatic and apoptotic studies. In a line, our preclinical studies evidenced that this additive combination of TAM and CXB is a potential drug candidate treatment for breast tumors expressing high levels of VEGF and VEGFR2. This ingenious combination might be a better tailored clinical regimen than TAM alone for breast cancer treatment. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P6-01-02.
Early Insulin: An Important Therapeutic Strategy
Authors: George E. Dailey
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

The issue of when and how to initiate insulin in type 2 diabetes is one that has engendered much debate (1). Some recent evidence may aid in this discussion.

First, the desirable glycemic targets are largely agreed upon, with only a few minor disagreements (2,3). Data from the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) and the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) have demonstrated a strong correlation between glycemic burden and microvascular complications in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, with no evidence of a threshold below which complications do not occur.

Further, the follow-up analysis of the DCCT, the EDIC (Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications), has shown a “legacy effect” of improved glycemic control persisting for at least 5 years in the previously intensively treated group, even after some rise in HbA1c (4). This increases the urgency to achieve and maintain good control as early as possible. Therefore, many authors on this subject agree that the target HbA1c should be “as close to normal as possible while minimizing the risks of treatment” (3). Herein lies the rub or debate regarding the later caveat. That is, what is the risk and burden of treatment in terms of economic, mental, and physical aspects? Analysis of the quality of life for subjects in the intensively treated groups, in both the UKPDS and DCCT, showed no adverse effects on quality of life. …
Irreversible Triggers for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Are Established in the Early Postnatal Period
Authors: Leah Cannon, Ze-Yan Yu, Tadeusz Marciniec, Ashley J Waardenberg, Siiri E Iismaa, Vesna Nikolova-Krstevski, Elysia Neist, Monique Ohanian, Min Ru Qiu, Stephen Rainer, Richard P Harvey, Michael P Feneley, Robert M Graham, Diane Fatkin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Retention of stemness and vasculogenic potential of human umbilical cord blood stem cells after repeated expansions on PES-nanofiber matrices
Authors: Matthew Joseph, Manjusri Das, Suman Kanji, Jingwei Lu, Reeva Aggarwal, Debanjan Chakroborty, Chandrani Sarkar, Hongmei Yu, Hai-Quan Mao, Sujit Basu, Vincent J. Pompili, Hiranmoy Das
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Extensive Histological and Cytological Survey of Patients with Acute Leukaemia in "Complete Remission"
Authors: G. Mathe, L. Schwarzenberg, A. M. Mery, A. Cattan, M. Schneider, J. L. Amiel, J. R. Schlumberger, J. Poisson, G. Wajcner
Journal: BMJ (1966)

given 104 EID50 of the British vaccine.
Canadian task force on preventive health care under threat
Authors: J. Clark
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care, an international centre that helps doctors to put research findings into practice, is under threat of closure after 25 years' work.

Established in 1976 as an independent scientific panel of experts, the task force enlists volunteer members to review the clinical evidence on topics such as dementia, colorectal cancer, and breast self examination and then publishes recommendations for doctors on the basis of the weight of accumulated evidence.

Its set of guidelines is considered the authoritative source for Canadian doctors, and its innovations of systematically classifying research into levels of evidence …
Report condemns poor care for trauma patients at night
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Between 450 and 600 lives could be saved each year in England if care for patients with major injuries was managed more efficiently and effectively, a report from the National Audit Office says.

The study found unacceptable variation in major trauma care from hospital to hospital, which has not significantly improved in the past 20 years despite numerous reports identifying poor practice.

The quality of care depends on where and when people are treated. The study identified a 20% higher in-hospital mortality rate for trauma patients in England compared with the United States. The government said changes are now under way …
Book Review Sport and Exercise Science: Essays in the History of Sports Medicine Edited by Jack W. Berryman and Roberta J. Park. 372 pp., illustrated. Urbana, Ill., University of Illinois Press, 1992. $44.95 (cloth); $18.95 (paper). 0-252-01896-6
Authors: Douglas B. McKeag
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)
Role of renal Na+,K(+)-ATPase in the regulation of sodium excretion under normal conditions and in acute congestive heart failure.
Authors: M A Lloyd, S M Sandberg, B S Edwards
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Cardiac glycosides have traditionally been used as inotropic agents in the treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF). The renal actions of cardiac glycosides independent of inotropic effects are not characterized. The presence of endogenous digitalis-like factors (EDLFs) with characteristic Na+,K(+)-ATPase activity has been postulated in volume-expanded states such as CHF, and recent studies have demonstrated that at least one EDLF shares structural homology with ouabain. This study was undertaken to evaluate the renal actions of ouabain in normal dogs and those with CHF. METHODS AND RESULTS After surgical preparation, normal dogs (n = 6) and dogs in pacing-induced CHF (n = 6) received intrarenal ouabain in sequential doses of 0.167 micrograms/kg/min, 0.334 micrograms/kg/min, and 0.668 micrograms/kg/min. Hemodynamics and renal function were evaluated during the infusion. There was no change in heart rate or mean arterial pressure during the infusion compared with baseline in both groups. Sodium excretion and urine volume significantly increased in both groups. Plasma renin activity, activated by the onset of pacing in the CHF group, was inhibited by the administration of intrarenal ouabain in this group only. CONCLUSIONS These studies demonstrate that ouabain has diuretic and natriuretic actions independent of cardiac hemodynamics that are preserved in CHF. Furthermore, intrarenal ouabain suppresses activation of renin in CHF.
Prior heat stress inhibits apoptosis in adenosine triphosphate-depleted renal tubular cells
Authors: Yihan Wang, Anne A. Knowlton, Thomas G. Christensen, Theodora Shih, Steven C. Borkan
Journal: Kidney International (1999)

Prior heat stress inhibits apoptosis in adenosine triphosphate-depleted renal tubular cells. <h3>Background</h3> This study tested the following hypotheses: (<i>a</i>) renal tubular epithelial cells subjected to transient adenosine triphosphate (ATP) depletion undergo apoptosis, and (<i>b</i>) induction of heat stress proteins (HSPs) inhibits cell death following ATP depletion, possibly by interacting with anti-apoptotic signal proteins. <h3>Methods</h3> To simulate ischemia <i>in vivo</i>, cells derived from opossum kidney proximal tubule (OK) were subjected to ATP depletion (5mm cyanide, 5mm 2-deoxy-D-glucose, and 0mm glucose) for 1 to 1.5hours, followed by recovery (10mm glucose without cyanide). The presence of apoptosis was assessed by morphological and biochemical criteria. The effect of prior heat stress or caspase inhibition on apoptosis and cell survival were assessed. <h3>Results</h3> In the ATP-depleted cell, both Hoechst dye and electron microscopy revealed morphological features that are typical of apoptosis. On an agarose gel, a "ladder pattern" typical of endonucleosomal DNA degradation was observed. Prior heat stress reduced the number of apoptotic-appearing cells, significantly decreased DNA fragmentation, and improved cell survival compared with controls (73.0 ± 1% vs. 53.0 ± 1.5%; <i>P</i> < 0.05). Two different caspase inhibitors also improved survival, suggesting that apoptosis is a cause of cell death in this model. Compared with ATP-depleted controls, prior heat stress inhibited the pro-apoptotic changes in the ratio of Bcl<sub>2</sub> to BAX, proteins known to regulate the apoptotic set point in renal cells. HSP 72, a known cytoprotectant, co-immunoprecipitated with Bcl<sub>2</sub>, an anti-apoptotic protein. Prior heat stress markedly increased the interaction between HSP 72 and Bcl<sub>2</sub>. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Transient ATP depletion causes apoptosis in tubular epithelial cells. Prior HS inhibits apoptosis and improves survival in these cells. Novel interactions between HSP 72 and Bcl<sub>2</sub> may be responsible, at least in part, for the protection afforded by prior heat stress against ATP depletion injury.
Problems of Psychiatry and Psychopathology.<i>By many contributors.</i>Prof. S. N. Davidenkoff, Editor-in-Chief. Dedicated to Prof. N. P. Bruchansky upon his completion of 20 years' activity in the psychiatric field. (Moscow: U. S. S. R., 1935.)
Authors: Aaron J. Rosanoff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1936)
Alzheimer Disease Trigger
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Coma induced by abuse of -hydroxybutyrate (GBH or liquid ecstasy): a case report
Authors: G. Thomas, S. Bonner, A. Gascoigne
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To investigate if the incidence of disorders of spermatogenesis and testicular tissue morphology have changed in middle aged Finnish men over 10 years.Design: Two necropsy series completed in 1981 and in 1991.
Therapeutic Attitudes
Authors: Edward J. Beattie
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The first attempts at cures of head and neck cancer by surgical excision began as surgery developed during the 19th century with the discovery of anesthesia and asepsis. These early attempts were mostly unsuccessful. At the beginning of the 20th century, with the discovery of radium and roentgen rays, radiation therapy was added to the treatment of head and neck cancer, but here, too, the results left much to be desired. It was not until the 1940s that surgical excision began to be successful as a competitior or cooperator with radiotherapy. Cancers in the head and neck area are especially significant to the patient because many of these tumors and their subsequent treatment are readily visible to the outside world. In contradistinction, a carcinoma of the abdominal cavity may be fatal without changing the appearance of the patient and his relationship to society. Therapy of patients with head and neck
Gods are more flexible than resolutions
Authors: George Ainslie
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

The target article proposes that “counterintuitive beliefs in supernatural agents” are shaped by cognitive factors and survive because they foster empathic concern and counteract existential dread. I argue that they are shaped by motivational forces similar to those that shape our beliefs about other people; that empathic concern is rewarded in a more elementary fashion; and that a major function of these supernatural beliefs may be to provide a more flexible alternative to autonomous willpower in controlling not only dread but also many other unwelcome urges.
Lung cancer * 10: Delivering a lung cancer service in the 21st century
Authors: F C Wells
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Properly organised regional centres would involve teams of interested cardiothoracic surgeons working with, and possibly led by, specialist pure thoracic surgeons to common protocols. A great deal of time would be saved by specialist staff reducing travelling times to outlying units. Data collection and administration would be greatly enhanced and the potential for collaborative work significantly increased. Unfortunately, there has been little if any coherent planning for a national strategy for the delivery of such care in the United Kingdom.
Prevention of portal hypertension by propanolol and spironolactone in rats with bile duct ligation
Authors: Frédéric Oberti, Hervé Rifflet, Moussa Y. Maïga, Christophe Pilette, Yves Gallois, Olivier Douay, Jean-Jacques Le Jeune, Jean-Louis Saumet, Paul Calès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1997)
US and UK are top in teenage pregnancy rates
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2002)

More teenage girls in the United States and United Kingdom become pregnant than anywhere else in the developed world, because they are poorly prepared for life in a modern and sexualised society, says a report out this week.

The United States has topped a table of teenage pregnancy rates put together by Unicef's Innocenti Research Centre in Italy, which looked at births among teenagers in 28 of the world's wealthiest nations.

Altogether, 52 out of every 1000 girls aged between 15 and …
Spontaneous intramural rupture and intramural haematoma of the oesophagus.
Authors: W F Kerr
Journal: Thorax (1980)

Spontaneous intramural rupture or intramural haematoma of the oesophagus is a rare cause of acute pain in the chest and upper abdomen. Much less ominous than spontaneous complete rupture from which it must be distinguished, it seldom if ever necessitates operation. Five new cases are described and reviewed together with 15 collected from published reports. The dominant symptom of every case was severe and constant retrosternal or epigastric pain; concomitant dysphagia was mentioned in 11 cases. In seven the pain was preceded by or coincided with vomiting. The condition was related to other stresses in three and appeared to be truly spontaneous in 10. In approximately one-third of cases it started suddenly but more often it began as discomfort worsening rapidly. Fourteen patients vomited blood after experiencing pain but only four were given transfusions. In contradistinction to complete rupture, none had surgical emphysema and plain chest radiographs were unremarkable. All had abnormal gastrografin or barium swallows. Intramural haematomas with or without mucosal tears were seen in the 11 cases in which oesophagoscopy was performed. Fifteen patients made rapid and complete recoveries on conservative management. Of the four who did not respond satisfactorily, one had the oesophagus repaired, two had drainage of the mediastinum after failure to find the false lumen at thoracotomy, and one had only an abdominal exploration. The only death in the whole series occurred after a disastrous emergency exploration and subsequent total oesophagectomy.
XL647—A Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor: Results of a Phase II Study in Subjects with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Who Have Progressed after Responding to Treatment with Either Gefitinib or Erlotinib
Authors: M. Catherine Pietanza, Thomas James Lynch, Primo N. Lara, John Cho, Ronald H. Yanagihara, Nandagopal Vrindavanam, Naveed Mahfooz Chowhan, Shirish M. Gadgeel, Nathan A. Pennell, Roel Funke, Ben Mitchell, Heather A. Wakelee, Vincent A. Miller
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Linear growth in relation to the circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I, parathyroid hormone, and 25-hydroxy vitamin D in children with nutritional rickets before and after treatment: endocrine adaptation to vitamin D deficiency
Authors: Ashraf T. Soliman, Fauzia Al Khalaf, Noura AlHemaidi, Maryam Al Ali, Mahmoud Al Zyoud, Khaled Yakoot
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Anaesthetic-induced Malignant Hyperpyrexia: A Suggested Method of Treatment
Authors: G. G. Harrison
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Experiments in susceptible Landrace pigs have shown that procaine blocks the initiation of anaesthetic-induced malignant hyperpyrexia by both halothane and succinylcholine. Pretreatment with curare prevents only the trigger action of succinylcholine. In a preliminary study procaine was used to treat the established syndrome in five pigs, two of which survived. On the basis of these findings a treatment regimen can be suggested for patients who develop malignant hyperpyrexia.
Ischaemic Lateral Popliteal Nerve Palsy
Authors: F. R. Ferguson, L. A. Liversedge
Journal: BMJ (1954)

The importance of vascular factors in the production of peripheral nerve affections has been considered by various authors in articles relating both to clinical and to experimental aspects of the problem.Experimental work and the information arising from cases of tourni- quet paralysis have led to discussions on the relative parts played by direct neural compression and ischaemia.Thus, Lewis et al. (1931) concluded that ischaemia was of prime importance in producing neural symptoms, and
Fifteen-Year Survival With Prostate Cancer in Sweden
Authors: Gunnar Aus
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Johansson and colleagues<sup>1</sup>present data from Örebro County in Sweden with a very favorable 15-year outcome for untreated prostate cancer which, if they are correct, would have tremendous effects on the treatment of localized prostate cancer. However, the study suffers from a bias of unknown nature resulting in a survival twice as high as expected. Because of good access to health care in Sweden, almost all patients who later die from prostate cancer are diagnosed during their lifetime; ie, they emerge with clinical disease in different stages before death. A high diagnostic activity can be expected to diagnose more patients in early clinical stages while a low diagnostic activity leads to diagnosis of more advanced tumors. When curative treatment is not practiced, the absolute number of patients who die from prostate cancer within 1 geographic area is largely independent of the diagnostic activity. From official
Inhibition by Retinoic Acid of Collagenase Production in Rheumatoid Synovial Cells
Authors: Constance E. Brinckerhoff, Rodger M. McMillan, Jean-Michel Dayer, Edward D. Harris
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

IN rheumatoid arthritis, synovial cells produce many mediators of inflammation in response to stimuli generated within the inflamed joint. Collagenase and prostaglandin E2 are two of these mediators. Both are thought to contribute to the destructive lesions seen in this disease. Collagenase may be the rate-limiting enzyme in the degradation of collagen, which is the principal structural protein of cartilage, tendon, ligaments, and bone1 2 3; and prostaglandin E2 accounts for most of the bone-resorbing activity of rheumatoid tissue.4 Monolayer cultures of rheumatoid synovial cells synthesize and secrete large amounts of collagenase and prostaglandin E2 into culture medium. . . .
The WHO Looks at Drug Abuse
Authors: LEON WURMSER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Editorial Notes1 April 1975The WHO Looks at Drug AbuseLEON WURMSER, M.D.LEON WURMSER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-82-4-586 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe focus of a WHO Expert Committee that met in October 1973 was on prevention of drug dependence and abuse. This aim is explained in the published report (1) of the meeting: "to assess what is and is not known about preventing problems associated with the use of psychoactive dependence-producing drugs when taken in a manner unrelated to acceptable medical practice."The report gives an impressive systematic approach to, and careful definition and description of, the main types of drug users ("initial and experimental," "casual," "dependent") and prevention on the various levels: availability, identification of persons at high risk, monitoring...Reference1. WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. Twentieth report. Technical Report Series No. 551. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1974 Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Institute of Psychiatry and Human Behavior University of Maryland Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1975Volume 82, Issue 4Page: 586-587KeywordsAddictsDrug abuseDrug dependenceDrugsRisk management Issue Published: 1 April 1975 PDF DownloadLoading ...