tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 52: Comparison of Endotracheal Tube Intubation and King Airway Placement During Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Mohamud R Daya, Ahamed H Idris, Eric D Helfenbein, Dana Zive, Sophia Zhou, Saeed Babaeizadeh
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Endotracheal tube intubation (ETI) has been the mainstay of airway management during out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) for decades. In recent years, supraglottic airway devices have...
Abstract 14858: Circadian Variations Of Ischemic Burden Among Patients With Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Stephane Fournier, Eric Eeckhout, Fabio Mangiacapra, Catalina Trana, Nathalie Lauriers, Ahmed Beggah, Pierre Monney, Pierre Vogt, Olivier Muller
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background It is well known that cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology exhibits circadian rhythms. For instance, myocardial infarction rates increase in the early hours of the morning. Rece...
Chalazion
Authors: E. M. Arbabi, R. J. Kelly, Z. I. Carrim
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A 21 year old girl presents with a painless lump in her right upper lid. She says that this has been present for a few weeks and seems to be enlarging slowly. Her pharmacist suggested an antibiotic ointment, which she has been using for a few days with no benefit. A chalazion, or meibomian cyst, is a focus of granulomatous inflammation within the eyelid. It arises from retained meibomian secretions. It is benign and often self limiting. It can occur in all age groups and is common in primary care.
Abstract 2284: Non-invasively Determined Ventricular Elastance as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in Patients With acute myocardial infarction and Preserved ejection fraction: Data from Infarction Prognosis Study (IPS) registry
Authors: Sung Ai Kim, Jong-Won Ha, Hyeon Chang Kim, Sungha Park, Eui-Young Choi, Mi-Joo Shin, Yoon-Jin Park, Donghoon Choi, Yangsoo Jang, Namsik Chung
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : Previous studies of the prognosis of myocardial infarction (MI) have focused primarily on patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. Little is known about the prognosis of patients with MI and preserved ejection fraction (EF), which is increasing. Since the ratio of mitral inflow (E) and annular velocity (E′) to stroke volume (E/E′/SV) has been reported as an index of diastolic elastance (Ed), we hypothesized that Ed has prognostic implication in patients with acute MI and preserved EF. Method : Between May 2005 and January 2007, a total of 421 patients with acute MI were prospectively enrolled in Infarction Prognosis Study (IPS) registry. Among 358 patients who had comprehensive echocardiographic study, 42 patients with significant valvular heart disease or coexisted cardiomyopathy and 50 patients with decreased EF (&lt;40%) were excluded. This left a total of 266 patients, who constituted the study population. The primary end-point was cardiovascular mortality. Results : Median follow-up duration was 12 months. Of 266 patients, cardiovascular death occurred in 11 (4.1%) patients. Age (p&lt; 0.001), LA volume index (p=0.001), the severity of diastolic dysfunction (grade ≥ 2, p=0.04), Ed (p=0.003) were univariate predictors of cardiovascular mortality. However, in multivariate Cox regression analysis, age (p=0.008, HR; 1.14, 95% CI; 1.03–1.25) and Ed (p=0.009, HR; 1.72, 95% CI; 1.14 –2.58) were found to be independent predictors for cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute MI and preserved EF. Cut-off value of Ed for cardiovascular mortality determined by Kaplan-Meier method (p&lt;0.001 by log-rank test) and ROC curve (AUC 0.87, sensitivity 90%, specificity 74%) was 0.25. Conclusion : Non-invasively determined ventricular diastolic elastance is a novel and powerful independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in patients with acute MI and preserved EF.
Aviation-Related Wildland Firefighter Fatalities — United States, 2000–2013
Authors: Corey R. Butler, Mary B. O’Connor, Jennifer M. Lincoln
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

Airplanes and helicopters are integral to the management and suppression of wildfires, often operating in high-risk, low-altitude environments. To update data on aviation-related wildland firefighting fatalities, identify risk factors, and make recommendations for improved safety, CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) analyzed reports from multiple data sources for the period 2000-2013. Among 298 wildland firefighter fatalities identified during 2000-2013, 78 (26.2%) were aviation-related occupational fatalities that occurred during 41 separate events involving 42 aircraft. Aircraft crashes accounted for 38 events. Pilots, copilots, and flight engineers represented 53 (68%) of the aviation-related fatalities. The leading causes of fatal aircraft crashes were engine, structure, or component failure (24%); pilot loss of control (24%); failure to maintain clearance from terrain, water, or objects (20%); and hazardous weather (15%). To reduce fatalities from aviation-related wildland firefighting activities, stringent safety guidelines need to be followed during all phases of firefighting, including training exercises. Crew resource management techniques, which use all available resources, information, equipment, and personnel to achieve safe and efficient flight operations, can be applied to firefighting operations.
Abstract P317: Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension in the Southern Cone of Latin America
Authors: Adolfo L Rubinstein, Vilma E Irazola, Rosana Poggio, Fernando Lanas, Matías Calandrelli, Jacqueline Ponzo, Hector Olivera, Pamela Seron, Lydia Bazzano, Laura Gutierrez, Jiang He
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objective: Hypertension is the major preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature deaths worldwide. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in a multistage-probabilistic sample of around 8,000 subjects aged 35-74 years old from 4 cities of the Southern Cone of Latin America (SCLA): Bariloche and Marcos Paz in Argentina, Temuco in Chile and Canelones in Uruguay, to estimate the prevalence and distribution of hypertension, and to determine hypertension awareness, treatment, and control in this population. Methods: Three blood pressure (BP) measurements were obtained by trained observers. Data on history of hypertension and use of BP medications was obtained from a standard questionnaire. Hypertension was defined as a mean systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg and/or use of antihypertensive drugs. Prevalence of hypertension was calculated by weighting sampling factors derived from population census data from 2010 for each city. Results: Of the adult population aged 35-74 yrs, 43.3 % (44.7% in men and 41.5% in women) had hypertension. The age-specific prevalence was 24.9%, 39.8%, 59%, and 71.8% for ages 35-44, 45-54, 55-64 and 65-74 yrs, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of hypertension decreased with the levels of education (52.2%, 40.7% and 33.6% for primary, secondary and tertiary/university education, respectively). Overall, 62.2% of hypertensives were aware of their diagnosis, 47.7 % were under drug treatment, and 21.5 % achieved BP control (&lt;140/90 mm Hg). The percentage of patients, who were aware, treated, and controlled was 53.3 %, 37.7 %, and 13.6 %, respectively in men, and 73.9 %, 60.9 %, and 31.7 % in women. The age-specific rate of awareness was 38.6%, 55.8%, 70.9%, and 78.4% for ages 35-44, 45-54, 55-64, 65-74 yrs. The hypertension control rates were 13.5%, 16.6%, 24.3% and 30.0% for patients aged 35-44, 45-54, 55-65, and 65-74 yrs. The control rates were 62.4%, 44.6%, 41.7%, and 41.9% among those who were under drug treatment for the above age-groups. Conclusion: In the SCLA, hypertension remains a significant public health problem. The prevalence of hypertension is high while the awareness, treatment and control are unacceptably low in the general population and vary by age, gender, and education levels. There is a clear gradient by age regarding hypertension control, which is better in the oldest stratum. This finding seems to be related to better awareness rates and hence more chances to be treated for aged subjects. However, when considering only those who are receiving drug treatment, the youngest are better controlled than the oldest, mainly due to higher levels of BP in the latter. These data provide a basis for targeting public health policies to reduce BP levels and the prevalence of hypertension in the region.
Abstract 15033: Serum Homocystein Levels for Prediction of Major Cardiovascular Events after Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Yoo Ri Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Yong-Giun Kim, Gyung-Min Park, Ki Won Hwang, Chang Hee Kwon, Suk-Won Choi, Jeong Yoon Jang, Hae-Geun Song, Jung-Min Ahn, Won-Jang Kim, Jong-Young Lee, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Elevated blood homocystein has been suggested as the risk factors for cardiovascular events in several observational epidemiological studies. Little is known regarding the impact of homo...
A swimming pool-related outbreak of pharyngoconjunctival fever in children due to adenovirus type 4, Gipuzkoa, Spain, 2008
Authors: J Artieda, L Piñeiro, M C González, M J Muñoz, M Basterrechea, A Iturzaeta, G Cilla
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

An outbreak of pharyngoconjunctival fever affecting 59 children was detected in a municipality of northern Spain in July 2008. The outbreak was related to insufficient doses of water disinfectant in the municipal swimming pool.
British Islamic Medical Association’s response to Islamic State articles
Authors: Hammad Lodhi
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Mental health and cognitive achievement are partly heritable. To identify the underlying neural mechanisms, we associated genetic predispositions to various mental health and cognitive traits with a large set of structural and functional brain measures from the UK Biobank (N=36,799). We show that genetic predispositions to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, smoking initiation, and cognitive traits have stronger associations with brain structure than with brain function, whereas genetic predispositions to most other psychiatric disorders have stronger associations with brain function than with brain structure. These results reveal that genetic predispositions to mental health and cognitive traits have distinct brain profiles.
Abstract 857: Systolic Blood Pressure of 115 mmHg and Above is Associated with Worsening Cardiac Risk Profile in Normotensive Individuals
Authors: Mohammed A Rafey, Saud Butt, Sorana Hila, Robert Butler, Marc A Pohl, Emilio Poggio, Martin J Schreiber
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Aim: To explore whether a systolic blood pressure (SBP) cut-off of ≥115 mmHg is associated with worsening in the cardiac risk profile of healthy, normotensive individuals. Background: Data from population based trials demonstrates an increase in cardiovascular events beginning with a SBP of 115mmHg. We sought to study the cardiac risk profile of healthy, normotensive individuals with SBP ≥115 mmHg. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed on all 391 consecutive live donors who were found healthy and eventually donated kidney between April 1997 and December 2005 at our institution. Pre-kidney donation profile collected included age, gender, race, body mass index [BMI], office blood pressure readings, fasting glucose (FBS), uric acid (UA), lipid profile and iothalamate GFR [iGFR]. We stratified patients into two groups based on systolic blood pressure cut-off value of ≥115mmHg. Continuous variables were compared between groups using independent samples t test, categorical variables were compared using chi square and Fisher’s exact tests utilizing a 2 sided p value &lt; 0.05. Results: The sample included 230 women (59%), 361 white patients (81%). Mean age was 41±9 years, SBP was 115.6 ± 15 mmHg, BMI 26.7 ± 4.24, UA 5.0 mg/dl ± 1, FBS of 87 ± 9 mg/dl and iGFR 106.47 ± 16.47 ml/min. Each of these risk factor variables was significantly elevated in the subgroup with SBP ≥115 mmHg when compared to those with lower SBP. Conclusion: These data suggest that in otherwise healthy living donors a SBP of ≥115 mmHg is associated with a more adverse cardiac risk profile in comparison to those with a SBP less than 115 mmHg. Further studies are needed to see if instituting early interventions would improve cardiac profile and prevent cardiovascular events.
Patient Outcome Following 2 Different Stress Imaging Approaches
Authors: Thomas R. Porter, Lynette M. Smith, Juefei Wu, Deepak Thomas, John T. Haas, Daniel H. Mathers, Eric Williams, Joan Olson, Kevin Nalty, Roberta Hess, Stacey Therrien, Feng Xie
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Does the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) represent a threat for human health in Europe? Detection of JEV RNA sequences in birds collected in Italy.
Authors: A E Platonov, G Rossi, L S Karan, K O Mironov, L Busani, G Rezza
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Preview this article: Does the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) represent a threat for human health in Europe? Detection of JEV RNA sequences in birds collected in Italy., Page 1 of 1 < Previous page | Next page > /docserver/preview/fulltext/eurosurveillance/17/32/art20241-en-1.gif
Bitter Pills
Authors: Yonatan H. Grad, Julian L. Seifter, Bruce D. Levy, Joseph Loscalzo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

A 60-year-old man presented with a report of increasing frequency of urination, nighttime urination, and increasing thirst. He reported no dysuria, urgency, incomplete bladder emptying, straining to initiate urination, fevers, chills, arthralgias, or rash.
Abstract 3203: The role of Neprilysin in the Development of Insulin Resistance, Type 2 Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kristina F Standeven, Angela M Carter, Anthony J Balmforth, Stephen B Wheatcroft, Nigel M Hooper, Peter J Grant
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Neprilysin (NEP) cleaves several bioactive peptides involved in the regulation of vascular function. In human microvascular endothelial cells, fatty acids and glucose increase NEP activity, and inhibition of NEP in animal studies results in increased insulin sensitivity, suggesting that NEP may be related to the metabolic syndrome. We tested this hypothesis in cell, animal and human based models. Microarray analysis of mRNA expression in differentiated human adipocytes (Affymetrix Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 arrays) showed NEP expression to be an order of magnitude higher than the average gene signal, suggesting that human adipocytes express high endogenous levels of NEP mRNA. Real time PCR confirmed high levels of NEP mRNA in preadipocytes which increased 28 fold during differentiation and reached levels equivalent to the endogenous control, GAPDH, by 14 days. We created a diet induced model of obesity by feeding male C57BL/6J mice a high-fat diet, which resulted in decreased glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in obese mice. Plasma NEP levels measured after 15 weeks of feeding were significantly higher in obese mice (1642 [± 529]) pg/μl) compared to lean mice (820 [± 487] pg/μl) (p &lt; 0.01). NEP levels increased 4- and 9-fold in epididymal and mesenteric fat in obese, compared to lean, mice. In a study of 318 healthy white European males, plasma NEP measured by activity assay was significantly higher in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and levels increased progressively with increasing number of MetS components, being ~8-fold higher in those with 5 MetS components compared with those with none. NEP correlated with insulin, HOMA and BMI in all subjects. In conclusion, we have generated cell, murine and human data which suggest that NEP may have an important role in cardio-metabolic risk associated with insulin resistance, with the adipocyte as a major source of NEP. These findings indicate that NEP is a novel adipokine that links insulin resistance to vascular risk.
Partial Carotid Occlusion as Treatment for Intracranial Internal Carotid Aneurysms
Authors: K K JAIN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A study was undertaken to investigate the possibility of using partial carotid occlusion instead of complete carotid ligation for the treatment of intracranial internal carotid aneurysms with a view to avoiding such complications of the latter procedure as neurological deficit resulting from cerebral ischemia, and ascending thrombus formation. The beneficial effect of carotid ligation has been explained by the interruption of pulsatile flow which can cause rupture of an aneurysm by resonance phenomena. Studies on blood flow in the aorta in dogs, as well as in a human carotid artery in vivo and in vitro, showed that the same object could be achieved by the use of constriction by a Poppen clamp. This changed the pulsatile blood flow to a relatively non-pulsatile state with slight diminution in mean flow. Partial occlusion of the common carotid artery is recommended for those cases of intracranial aneurysm in which complete carotid occlusion would not likely be tolerated.
The cessation of marital intercourse
Authors: J N Edwards, A Booth
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1976)

The authors found that marital coitus had ceased for a definable period (median=8 weeks) in one-third of a sample of 144 men and 221 women who were relatively young and had been married an average of 11 years. An analysis of factors related to the social background and marital relationship of the respondents indicated that the cessation behavior of men is more highly predictable than that of women and that antecedents of this behavior differ markedly between the sexes. The authors suggest that, even among relatively young couples, marital intercourse is discontinous and problematic.
Clinical symptoms associated with age at onset in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: B A Lawlor, T M Ryan, J Schmeidler, R C Mohs, K L Davis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between age at onset of Alzheimer's disease and demographic and clinical characteristics in a large cohort of patients with Alzheimer's disease.The subjects were 104 patients meeting the criteria for Alzheimer's disease of the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke. The relationships of age at disease onset to cognitive and noncognitive variables and to rate of progression were explored by using multiple regression analysis.Earlier disease onset was associated with the presence of greater language and praxis difficulties and with the development of higher depression scores during the follow-up study period but not with faster disease progression.These findings suggest that in Alzheimer's disease, which is a clinically heterogeneous illness, younger age at onset may be related to the presence of more prominent language and praxis impairment and to development of greater depression during the disease course.
Abstract 18807: Novel Protein Glycan Derived Biomarker is Associated With Incident Diabetes
Authors: Akintunde O Akinkuolie, Aruna D Pradhan, Paul M Ridker, Samia Mora
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Enzymatically glycosylated proteins partake in multiple cellular processes, including glucose transport and inflammation. In addition, most inflammatory proteins are enzymatically glycosylated. GlycA is a novel nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) biomarker whose signal originates from the N-acetyl groups of N-acetylglucosmine and N-acetylgalatosamine moieties of protein glycans. We hypothesized that GlycA is directly related to the risk of incident diabetes, possibly mediated by inflammation as assessed by high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a well-established inflammatory biomarker. Method: Baseline GlycA was quantified by NMR spectroscopy (LipoScience, NC) in 26,539 Women’s Health Study participants free of diabetes at enrollment (median follow-up 16 years; 1,990 incident diabetes cases). Multivariable Cox regression models were adjusted for age, race, treatment assignment, smoking, menopausal status, hormone use, family history of diabetes, and BMI. Result: GlycA correlated with hemoglobin A1c (Spearman r=0.21), HDL cholesterol (r= -0.21), triglycerides (r=0.46), BMI (r=0.40), and hsCRP (r=0.61), all p&lt; 0.0001. Multivariable-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for incident diabetes across increasing quartiles of GlycA were 1.00, 1.44 (1.20-1.73), 1.93(1.63-2.29) and 2.74 (2.32-3.24), p-trend&lt;0.0001. This was attenuated but remained significant after additionally adjusting for lipids (p-trend &lt;0.0001). Additional adjustment for hsCRP further attenuated the association (p-trend=0.02; Table). Conclusion: In this population of 26,539 women followed for 16 years, baseline GlycA levels were directly associated with the risk of incident diabetes independent of traditional risk factors. The association of GlycA with diabetes was attenuated after further adjusting for hsCRP, suggesting a novel role for protein glycans in the development of diabetes possibly mediated through subclinical inflammation.
Effectiveness of glucocorticoids in treating croup
Authors: T. P Klassen, A. J Tillett, J. D M Gould, C. Cates, S Jothimurugan, Z. Hassan, M Silverman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

# Authors acknowledge Cochrane Collaboration {#article-title-2} EDITOR—It has been brought to my attention that we omitted some key acknowledgments in our recently published systematic review of glucocorticoids for the treatment of croup.1 The protocol for our review was registered with the Acute Respiratory Infection Review Group of the Cochrane Collaboration in 1997. Our review is currently under revision with the review group and will be published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. The Acute Respiratory Infection Review Group was very helpful in searching its database of trials identified through handsearching of relevant journals and in providing insightful comments on our protocol. One advantage of having our study published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews is that we will be able to update the review as new evidence is identified. The BMJ's policy of permitting duplicate publication with the Cochrane Collaboration is extremely important. I hope that other journals join in this support of the Cochrane Collaboration through like minded policies. 1. 1.↵1. Ausejo M, 2. Saenz A, 3. Pham Ba', 4. Kellner JD, 5. Johnson DW, 6. Moher D, 7. et al . The effectiveness of glucocorticoids in treating croup: meta-analysis. BMJ 1999; 319: 595–600. (4 September.) [OpenUrl][1][Abstract/FREE Full Text][2] # General practitioners must be ready to treat children {#article-title-4} EDITOR—The meta-analysis by Ausejo et al is timely as the croup season approaches.1 Despite the usefulness of corticosteroids having been recognised for many years, our experience is that children rarely receive them in any form before admission to hospital. Geelhoed et al … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DAusejo%26rft.auinit1%253DM.%26rft.volume%253D319%26rft.issue%253D7210%26rft.spage%253D595%26rft.epage%253D600%26rft.atitle%253DThe%2Beffectiveness%2Bof%2Bglucocorticoids%2Bin%2Btreating%2Bcroup%253A%2Bmeta-analysis%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F10473471%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=ABST&journalCode=bmj&resid=319/7210/595&atom=%2Fbmj%2F319%2F7224%2F1577.2.atom