tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
F-18 FDG PET/CT Evaluation of Sacrococcygeal Chordoma
Authors: Soon-Ah Park, Hun Soo Kim
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Chordoma is a rare malignant bone tumor derived from notochordal rests, and the most common site is the sacrococcygeal region. A 52-year-old woman presented with a sacrococcygeal chordoma detected on F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT). The F-18 FDG PET/CT showed a large destructive mass that arose anteriorly in the sacrococcygeal region and heterogeneously increased FDG uptake within the mass was observed. After surgery, histology confirmed the presence of a sacrococcygeal chordoma. The physician should take chordoma into consideration if there is a large osteolytic mass with hypermetabolism in the sacral region on FDG PET/CT.
P477 VALUE-BASED OUTCOME INDICATORS IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS: VALIDATION IN A LARGE MULTICENTER STUDY (VBMH STUDY)
Authors: S. Okolicsanyi, A. Ciaccio, M. Rota, M. Gentiluomo, M. Gemma, A. Grisolia, P.A. Cortesi, L. Scalone, L. Mantovani, P. Pontisso, P. Burra, L. Fabris, M. Mondelli, M. Colledan, S. Fagiuoli, M.G. Valsecchi, G. Cesana, L.S. Belli, M. Strazzabosco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
AN INFECTIOUS HEPATITIS OF UNDETERMINED ORIGIN IN MICE
Authors: Janet Jordan, George S. Mirick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1955)

Serial intraperitoneal passage in mice of a saline extract of the pooled livers, spleens, and kidneys of such animals has led to the demonstration after three or more passages of a transmissible agent causing hepatitis. The mice developed an illness after 3 to 4 weeks characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, and serous ascites. Spontaneous diuresis and recovery usually occurred during the subsequent 2 to 4 weeks. Histological studies of the livers showed diffuse mononuclear infiltrations, focal accumulations of mononuclear cells, perivascular mononuclear cuffing, dilated sinusoids, and occasionally focal areas of necrosis. Mice which have recovered from the disease showed no noteworthy resistance to it, and their sera failed to protect against the infectious agent. Attempts to infect rabbits, guinea pigs, monkeys, and embryonated hens' eggs yielded negative results, but young hamsters developed the disease in mild form.
Endoscopic Management of a Post-traumatic Biliary Fistula
Authors: J. Deviere, D. van Gansbeke, J. Ansay, J. de Toeuf, M. Cremer
Journal: Endoscopy (1987)

A number of techniques of surgical endoscopy have been used in the management of a post-traumatic biliary fistula. The endoscopic sphincterotomy with placement of a perfused nasobiliary catheter, followed by the insertion of a biliary stent allowed the fistula to dry out. A secondary stricture of the left hepatic duct was treated by endoscopic internal drainage after the insertion of a transhepatic guidewire by an epigastric route. This kind of combined transhepatic and endoscopic procedure is useful in some difficult cases.
Dan Tunstall Pedoe
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The “father of marathon medicine”



Dan Tunstall Pedoe is seen by many worldwide as the “father of marathon medicine,” whose skill and foresight created new opportunities for countless ordinary runners. The cardiologist and physician also achieved long sought improvements in healthcare for patients in deprived east London. Known affectionately as “Dr Dan,” Tunstall Pedoe, a keen runner himself, became the first medical director of the London Marathon in 1981, when he was sought out by athlete and event cofounder Chris Brasher. At that first race, he was the only doctor supporting 7500 runners with the help of two physiotherapists, one podiatrist, and a handful of St John Ambulance volunteers.

“Dr Dan was strongly of the opinion that the London marathon need not be confined to the most elite athletes and should be a people’s marathon for all comers,” says Sanjay Sharma, a fellow consultant cardiologist, who succeeded him in the role. “The participation of 35 000 runners each year over the past decade is a testament of his commitment to achieve this goal,” he says.

Tunstall Pedoe recognised that the marathon was a healthy event for most, but remained a challenge for some. He required anyone with a known heart condition or who experienced shortness of breath during light exercise to see a doctor before continuing with their training. …
COLOSTOMY FOR PERMANENT FECAL FISTULA.
Authors: JOHN A. WYETH
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The operation I desire to demonstrate deals entirely with those inoperable lesions which cause occlusion of the rectum or lower portion of the sigmoid flexure of the colon. Its chief feature is the formation of a very considerable loop of that portion of the colon which is immediately above the artificial anus, making what might be called an artificial sigmoid flexure or storehouse capable of holding a large amount of fecal matter, which may be discharged at long intervals, thus preventing the frequent soiling of the dressings, which are so common in the ordinary operations for fecal fistula. After making the incision through the abdominal wall, in the left inguinal region, the large intestine is drawn through the wound and strong traction made on the lower portion so that all of the bowel between the rectum and the wound is put well on the stretch. About 4 inches of each
Effect of IL-13 or TNF-a on eosinophil adhesion to endothelial cell under flow conditions
Authors: H. Tachimoto, K. Sato, M. Ebisawa
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)

RATIONALE: We examined the mechanisms used by eosinophils (EOS) to accumulate on IL-13- or TNF-alpha- stimulated human unbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under flow conditions. METHODS: HUVECs were treated for 1, 3, 6, 18 and 24 hours with IL-13 or TNF-alpha (1-100 ng/ml). Human EOS were infused at physiologic flow rates (0.5 dyn/cm2) for 10 min, and attached EOS were counted. RESULTS: Under these flow conditions, EOS accumulated efficiently on IL-13-stimulated (109 ± 18 eos/field) or TNF-alpha-stimulated (96 ± 27 eos/field) HUVECs in a concentration dependent manner. EOS accumulation on IL-13-activated HUVECs was first observed at 6 hours and reached a maximum at 18 hours. On the other hand, the levels of EOS accumulating on TNF-alpha-activated HUVECs was the same at all time points (1,3, 6, 18, 24 hours). Anti-alpha4 integrin mAb inhibited EOS accumulation on both IL-13 and TNF-alpha activated HUVECs. CONCLUSIONS: EOS accumulation on HUVECs under these flow conditions is differently regulated by IL-13 and TNF-alpha.
Liver Disease of Long Duration
Authors: Hugh A. Edmondson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The question asked in the Dec 21, 1963, issue ofThe Journal(<b>186</b>:1109) in regard to cirrhosis that might have been present for 20 years is reminiscent of a case Dr. P. E. Steiner and I reported in<i>Cancer</i>(<b>7</b>:475, 1954). The patient was a 69-year-old Negro woman with complaints of swelling of abdomen and legs. She admitted to drinking a moderate amount of beer. Her physician stated that she was treated for ascites from 1898 to 1902. Repeated paracenteses yielded as much as five gallons of ascitic fluid. She was treated with arsenic and mercury and, after disappearance of ascites, a large ventral hernia was repaired in 1903. She then became asymptomatic and remained so for over 31 years. At necropsy the nodular, fibrotic liver contained a large, soft, liver cell carcinoma. The inferior mesenteric vein was greatly dilated and opened into the inferior
Non-invasive ventilation for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: D. R Baldwin, M. B Allen
Journal: BMJ (1997)

without reference to patients' views, with no attempt to involve users in their planning and operation, and with limited efforts to assess patient satisfaction.Without evidence to support a need for uniform standards of service and care, and without a clear idea of what those standards should be, they are likely to maintain their independence of action, as practice rotas have always done.Uniformity is not necessarily a virtue in circumstances where needs and demands for care differ.The importance of flexibility in order to address local needs and circumstances, particularly where services are poor, lies at the heart of the recent government white paper on primary care. 18However, equality of access to uniformly high standards of care is an important goal for primary health care, and increasing variability in the organisation and delivery of out of hours services should not lead to increasing inequality.
WITHDRAWN: Experience with ustekinumab in patients with psoriasis enrolled in a large, multicenter, prospective, disease-based registry (Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry [PSOLAR])
Authors: Kim Papp, Alice B. Gottlieb, Luigi Naldi, David Pariser, Vincent Ho, Kavitha Goyal, Steven Fakharzadeh, Marc Chevrier, Stephen Calabro, Wayne Langholff, Gerald Krueger
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Deactivation of Contraction by Quick Releases in the Isolated Papillary Muscle of the Cat
Authors: RAINER BODEM, EDMUND H. SONNENBLICK
Journal: Circulation Research (1974)

In the isolated cat papillary muscle, the time course of activation during isometric contraction was measured using instantaneous velocity of shortening after quick releases at constant contractile element length and controlled load. Activation rose and declined ahead of isometric force. This course of activation could be altered by the mode of the quick release. Undamped quick releases increasingly deactivated contraction with time. Deactivation was reduced by damping the rapid movement of the lever after the release and by increasing the afterloads to which the releases were made, thus lessening the extent of the releases. The curves of activation obtained from releases to different afterloads converged after the first half of the rising phase of the twitch. Deactivation from quick releases was eliminated by tetanizing the muscle. Hence, the instantaneous relation of force and velocity of shortening was not unique relative to time except when the muscle was tetanized. Deactivation was also reduced by lowering the temperature, by adding 10 m M caffeine, or by increasing the Ca 2+ concentration in the bathing medium in the presence of 10 m M caffeine. These results suggest that quick releases deactivate contraction by uncoupling crossbridges which can be reformed if the Ca 2+ available to activate contractile sites is not sequestered elsewhere.
The Purity of Cholestyramine Resin-Reply
Authors: Edward J. Fox
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply. —  We are pleased to respond to the questions about Questran raised by Dr Goldstein by assuring him that (1) the cholestyramine resin used in the Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial (LRC-CPPT) was not contaminated, (2) currently marketed Questran is free of contamination, and (3) although a temporal association between cholestyramine resin and certain tumors has been observed, a causal relationship has not been established after more than 20 years of commercial availability and several hundred thousand patient-years of therapy dispensed.  The questions asked by Dr Goldstein appear to arise from the fact that, in April 1988, Bristol Laboratories initiated a recall because it determined that certain batches of bulk cholestyramine resin supplied by Rohm & Haas and used in the production of Questran contained very low levels of the agricultural chemicals dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene and dichlorobenzophenone. These chemicals are related to the manufacture of a pesticide (dicofol)
Dynamic Myocardial CT Perfusion Imaging for Evaluation of Myocardial Ischemia as Determined by MR Imaging
Authors: Fabian Bamberg, Roy P. Marcus, Alexander Becker, Kristof Hildebrandt, Kerstin Bauner, Florian Schwarz, Martin Greif, Franz von Ziegler, Bernhard Bischoff, Hans-Christoph Becker, Thorsten R. Johnson, Maximilian F. Reiser, Konstantin Nikolaou, Daniel Theisen
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2014)
Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate Is a Receptor for Attachment of Envelope Protein-Free Retrovirus-like Particles and VSV-G Pseudotyped MLV-Derived Retrovirus Vectors to Target Cells
Authors: Ghiabe H. Guibinga, Atsushi Miyanohara, Jeffrey D. Esko, Theodore Friedmann
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Non-infectious, envelope protein-free, retrovirus-like particles (VLP) derived from either Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) or human HIV are able to bind efficiently to, but not infect, target cells. Upon subsequent addition to the bound particles of the G protein of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV-G), an efficient surrogate retrovirus envelope protein, the VLP are efficiently taken up by the cells to produce infection. Cell attachment of the VLP is efficiently inhibited by soluble heparin and dextran sulfate and less efficiently abrogated by several other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) including chondroitin sulfate A and chondroitin sulfate B (dermatan sulfate), as determined by deconvolution microscopic immunodetection of the viral gag protein and by quantitative binding studies of metabolically labeled (35)S-VLP. Enzymatic digestion of heparan sulfate (HS) from the cell surface with heparinase I also reduces VLP binding. Furthermore, VLP adsorption onto several CHO cell lines variably deficient in cell surface GAG is significantly but incompletely abrogated. De-sulfated heparins are less efficient than native heparin in inhibiting the Polybrene-mediated binding of VLP, whereas growth of human cells in the presence of sodium chlorate leads to significant reduction of Polybrene-mediated VLP binding. In addition, specific inhibition of VLP binding and infectivity of mature infectious VSV-G-pseudotyped virus is observed in the presence of heparin and HS under Polybrene-free conditions. We conclude from these studies that the presence of Polybrene, the degree of sulfation of cell surface GAG, and possibly the presence of charged cell surface macromolecules create an electrostatic environment that promotes optimum binding of VLP to cells. Additionally, our results demonstrate that, in the absence of Polybrene, initial attachments of non-infectious, envelope protein-free VLP and probably mature infectious virus particles are mediated by interactions of the virus particles with cell surface heparan sulfate, and possibly with other GAG molecules.
RNF43 is frequently mutated in colorectal and endometrial cancers
Authors: Marios Giannakis, Eran Hodis, Xinmeng Jasmine Mu, Mai Yamauchi, Joseph Rosenbluh, Kristian Cibulskis, Gordon Saksena, Michael S Lawrence, Zhi Rong Qian, Reiko Nishihara, Eliezer M Van Allen, William C Hahn, Stacey B Gabriel, Eric S Lander, Gad Getz, Shuji Ogino, Charles S Fuchs, Levi A Garraway
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
A3-02: Observation of survival and its prognostic factors in patients undergoing chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Nicholas Thatcher, Heather Anderson, Helge G. Bischoff, Ben van den Borne, Frank Langer, Ciara Moneley, Francisco Pimentel, Henrik Riska, Michael Thomas, Carla Visseren-Grul
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Australian studies of A/H1N1 flu could help northern hemisphere this winter
Authors: R. Rouse
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Lessons from Australia’s experience of the A/H1N1 flu pandemic may help northern hemisphere countries in the coming winter months, with data from 40 small research projects to be released in December.

Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council enlisted reviewers around the world to fast track the approval of grants worth a total of $A7m (£3.4m; €3.9m; $5.4m) for the studies, with a requirement to showcase preliminary data at a symposium at the end of year in Canberra.

“The results will be shared internationally and will be particularly valuable for those countries who are currently preparing for their coming flu season,” said Australia’s …
Infliximab as a steroid-sparing agent in refractory cutaneous sarcoidosis: Single-center retrospective study of 9 patients
Authors: Thomas Sené, Caroline Juillard, Michel Rybojad, Florence Cordoliani, Céleste Lebbé, Patrice Morel, Abdellatif Tazi, Fabien Guibal
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2012)
Abstract 1400: Mitigation of radiation-induced injury with the nitric oxide synthase co-factor, tetrahydrobiopterin
Authors: Jing Wang, Peck-Sun Lin, Ross B. Mikkelsen, David Gewirtz, Mitchell S. Anscher, Paul R. Graves
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of modulation of the nitric oxide (NO) and the cGMP/PKG signaling pathway on radiation-induced myofibroblast differentiation and radiation-induced injury in mice. Nitric oxide (NO) is a diverse second messenger critical for a variety of cell functions produced by nitric oxide synthases (NOS). NOS activity is regulated in part by the availability of co-factors including tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). In the absence of BH4, NOS can become ‘uncoupled’ to produce superoxide anion which upon reaction with NO can form peroxynitrite, a highly reactive molecule known to contribute to protein tyrosine nitration. BH4 is approved for human consumption and therefore may represent a safe, viable strategy to reduce tissue injury from radiation. We show here that BH4 administration to mice prior to whole body irradiation with 9.5 Gy significantly increases mouse survival. In contrast, inhibition of NOS activity either before or after irradiation significantly reduced survival. We also show that the phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, sildenafil, inhibits the radiation-induced differentiation of human myofibroblasts. The mechanisms underlying the protective effects of BH4 and the role of NOS in radiation-induced tissue injury will be discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1400.
Heart muscle engineering: An update on cardiac muscle replacement therapy
Authors: W ZIMMERMANN, M DIDIE, S DOKER, I MELNYCHENKO, H NAITO, C ROGGE, M TIBURCY, T ESCHENHAGEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Cardiac muscle engineering aims at providing functional myocardium to repair diseased hearts and model cardiac development, physiology, and disease in vitro. Several enabling technologies have been established over the past 10 years to create functional myocardium. Although none of the presently employed technologies yields a perfect match of natural heart muscle, it can be anticipated that human heart muscle equivalents will become available after fine tuning of currently established tissue engineering concepts. This review provides an update on the state of cardiac muscle engineering and its utilization in cardiac regeneration. We discuss the application of stem cells including the allocation of autologous cell material, transgenic technologies that may improve tissue structure as well as in vivo engraftment, and vascularization concepts. We also touch on legal and economic aspects that have to be considered before engineered myocardium may eventually be applied in patients and discuss who may be a potential recipient.
The Problems with Surveillance of Barrett's Esophagus
Authors: Peter J. Kahrilas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

In patients with Barrett's esophagus, the native squamous epithelium of the esophagus is replaced by metaplastic columnar epithelium that is subject to dysplasia and mutation into esophageal adenocarcinoma. The incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma, a particularly lethal form of cancer, increased by a factor of 6 in the United States between 1975 and 2001.1 Identified risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma are Barrett's esophagus, frequent heartburn, white race, older age, male sex, and obesity. Among these, the most important risk and the one offering the greatest opportunity for a cancer-prevention strategy is Barrett's esophagus. Consequently, substantial resources are expended on endoscopically identifying . . .
Methotrexate improves the health-related quality of life of children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Authors: A Cespedes-Cruz, R Gutierrez-Suarez, A Pistorio, A Ravelli, A Loy, K J Murray, V Gerloni, N Wulffraat, S Oliveira, J Walsh, I Calvo Penades, M G Alpigiani, P Lahdenne, C Saad-Magalhaes, E Cortis, L Lepore, Y Kimura, C Wouters, A Martini, N Ruperto
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

<h3>Objectives:</h3> To examine the change in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its determinants in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) treated with methotrexate (MTX). <h3>Methods:</h3> Patients were extracted from the PRINTO clinical trial which aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of MTX administered in standard, intermediate or higher doses (10, 15 and 30 mg/m<sup>2</sup>/week respectively). Children with polyarticular-course JIA, who were less than 18 years and had a complete HRQOL assessment were included. <h3>Results:</h3> A total of 521 children were included. At baseline, patients with JIA showed poorer HRQOL (p&lt;0.01) than healthy children. In 207/412 (50%) and 63 (15%) children, HRQOL values were 2 standard deviations below the mean of healthy controls in the physical and psychosocial summary scale, respectively. After 6 months of treatment with standard dose MTX, there was a statistically significant improvement in all HRQOL health concepts, particularly the physical ones. Similar improvements were observed in those who did not respond to a standard dose of MTX and were subsequently randomised to a higher dose. The presence of marked disability at baseline was associated with a fivefold increased risk of retaining poor physical health after 6 months of active treatment with standard dose MTX. Other less important determinants of retaining poor physical well-being were the baseline level of systemic inflammation, pain intensity and an antinuclear-antibody-negative status. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> MTX treatment produces a significant improvement across a wide range of HRQOL components, particularly in the physical domains, in patients with JIA.
Colonoscopy in Infancy and Childhood with Special Regard to Patient Preparation and Examination Technique
Authors: Bohumil Plucnar
Journal: Endoscopy (1981)

Only long colonoscopes, Olympus CF-LB2 or TCF-2L, were used for the 76 pediatric colonoscopies. A combination of a thin-liquid diet and laxatives was employed for 1-2 days before all the examinations. Physiological saline enemas on the eve and the morning of the day of examination were employed as supplementary colon-cleansing measures only in larger children. A mixture consisting of chlorpromazine, promethazine and pethidine chloride supplemented with atropine sulfate was used for premedication. Diazepam and ketamine chloride given i.v., or inhalation of halothane +N2O+O2 were employed for general anesthesia. Diazepam and phentanyl citrate given intravenously were used for the sedation of older children. The "classical" and Gaisford's modification of the procedure were found to be the most suitable examination techniques in infants and children. The coecum was reached in 75% of all examinations, and we had no complications with pediatric colonoscopy.