tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Babies, bottles, and boobs.
Authors: C Close
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Membership of the association includes students to retired consultants and we organise regular meetings mainly on arts subjects.In 1985 we ventured on our first exhibition of paintings, drawings, sculptures, photographs, etc, most of which had never been on show in public before.All contributors found it inspiring to share and discuss,their expenences with others and at present we are organising our next exhibition, which will go on show in different parts of Denmark.We also realised that there are many talented musicians in our profession and regularly include a musical session in our meetings.Recently some of them gathered mi the beautiful setting of the Copenhagen Renoir collection (Ordrupgrlsamlingen), where they performed music composed by five other members.In the future we will cover other aspects such as poetry and architecture and we plan to run courses in, for example, drawing and painting.Redditch..
THE PRECIPITIN TEST FOR BLOOD
Authors: LUDVIG HEKTOEN
Journal: JAMA (1918)

The study of immunity as manifested by the reactions of the animal body to microbes, toxins and protein materials in general has given us many tests of great value. The phenomena of agglutination, of complement fixation, of altered reactivity, of opsonification and of serum precipitation have all been put to practical use in tests, some of which are used every day throughout the civilized world. Speaking generally, the only way now known to trace protein substances back to their source, that is, to the species from which they come, is by means of their immune reactions; and in the case of blood and other animal products, practically the only method for purposes of biologic differentiation is the precipitin test. Because the determination of the ultimate source of blood spots and stains often is vital to the administration of justice, the precipitin test is of special forensic value and interest, and
Effect of Angiotensin on the Renal Transport of Sodium in Essential Hypertension
Authors: HERMAN VILLARREAL, HERIBERTO ARCILA, JORGE DÍAZ, PEDRO SIERRA
Journal: Circulation (1967)

The renal function, including sodium excretion rates, were studied in 27 patients with early essential hypertension, before and during angiotensin infusions. The patients had a preparatory period of salt loading for four days taking a supplement of 7 g of NaCl. Determinations were made during two 30-minute periods before the angiotensin and for two 30-minute periods afterward. Arterial blood pressure was increased in all 27 patients and renal plasma flow decreased in 25. The glomerular filtration rate changes were not statistically significant, showing some increase in 15 and a decrease in 11 patients. When the group was divided into those in which there was a decrease in sodium excretion (11 patients), and those in which there was an increase in sodium excretion (16 patients), with angiotensin infusion, a correlation with the control blood pressure was evident. The patients in whom an increase occurred had a control mean blood pressure greater than 136 mm Hg, and those exhibiting a decrease of sodium excretion, a blood pressure less than 136 mm Hg. Salt excretion did not correlate with the increment in blood pressure or renal resistance changes. The minor changes in glomerular filtration of sodium of the two groups could not explain the different excretory patterns which are attributed to an alteration of the tubular transport of sodium.
Influence of right ventricular hemodynamics on left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume relations in man.
Authors: P A Ludbrook, J D Byrne, R C McKnight
Journal: Circulation (1979)

To clarify the mechanism of displacement of the left ventricular diastolic pressure-volume function with alteration of loading conditions, the effects of nitroglycerin on pressure-volume relations in 13 patients were compared with those of amyl nitrite in 13 other patients during cardiac catheterization. After nitroglycerin, average systemic mean arterial pressure declined by 15.1 mm Hg (17%) and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure by 9.4 mm Hg (49%); right ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures fell 11.6 mm Hg (36%) and 5 mm Hg (41%), respectively. In all patients diastolic pressure-volume curves were significantly displaced downward and leftward. After amyl nitrite, average systemic mean arterial pressure fell 20.1 mm Hg (22%), but left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and right ventricular systolic and end-diastolic pressures were not significantly reduced. No significant displacement of diastolic pressure-volume curves occurred. Both the rate constant of the exponentially fit diastolic pressure-volume curve, and the rate of diastolic isovolumic relaxation (T) were unchanged after each drug. Thus downward displacement of diastolic pressure-volume functions after nitroglycerin appears to be dependent more upon reduction of right ventricular filling dynamics than coronary perfusion pressures. More favorable effects upon left ventricular function may be associated with reduction of both left ventricular filling pressures and systemic impedance (reflecting both "preload" and "afterload") than of systemic arterial pressures ("afterload") alone.
Human-compatible collagen matrix for prolonged and reversible systemic delivery of erythropoietin in mice from gene-modified marrow stromal cells
Authors: Nicoletta Eliopoulos, Laurence Lejeune, Daniel Martineau, Jacques Galipeau
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) can be exploited therapeutically in transgenic cell therapy approaches. Our aim was to determine if gene-modified MSCs sequestered within a clinically approved, bovine type I collagen-based viscous bulking material could serve as a retrievable implant for systemic delivery of erythropoietin (Epo). To test this hypothesis, we embedded Epo-secreting MSCs in viscous collagen (Contigen) and determined the pharmacological effect following implantation in normal mice. Primary MSCs from C57Bl/6 mice were retrovirally engineered to express murine Epo (mEpo) and 10(7) cells of a clonal population secreting 3 U of mEpo/10(6) cells/24 h were implanted subcutaneously in normal C57Bl/6 mice with and without viscous collagen. Without matrix support, Hct rose to >70% for <25 days and returned to baseline by 60 days. However, in mice implanted with viscous collagen-embedded MSCs, the Hct rose to >70% up to 203 days postimplantation (P < 0.0001). In parallel, plasma Epo concentration was significantly increased (P < 0.05) for >145 days. Moreover, surgical removal of the viscous collagen organoid 24 days after implantation led to reduction of Hct to baseline levels within 14 days. In conclusion, this investigation demonstrates that mEpo(+) MSCs embedded in a human-compatible viscous collagen matrix offers a potent, durable, and reversible approach for delivery of plasma-soluble therapeutic proteins.
Intestinal decontamination inhibits TLR4 dependent fibronectin-mediated cross-talk between stellate cells and endothelial cells in liver fibrosis in mice
Authors: Qiang Zhu, Li Zou, Kumaravelu Jagavelu, Douglas A. Simonetto, Robert C. Huebert, Zhi-Dong Jiang, Herbert L. DuPont, Vijay H. Shah
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
SURVIVAL OF CONTEMPORARY AMBULATORY HEART FAILURE PATIENTS REFERRED TO SPECIALIZED MULTIDISCIPLINARY OUTPATIENT CLINICS OF THE CANADIAN HEART FAILURE NETWORK
Authors: J. Malcolm O. Arnold, Andy Ignaszewski, Jonathan Howlett, Marie-Helene Leblanc, Haissam Haddad, Peter Liu, John McCans, Shelley Zieroth, Michael Chan, Larry Stitt, Gord Marchiori
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Portuguese doctors to be exempt from public posts freeze but services at risk
Authors: T. Villanueva
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Doctors working in Portugal’s health service are likely to be spared the recently announced austerity measures that include freezing all new civil service appointments.

The Portuguese Ministry of Finances announced it would freeze all new public administration appointments starting on 1 July, including the admission of doctors into the national healthcare system, as part of a newly announced package of austerity measures required for accelerating the decrease in the country’s budget deficit, which is one of the largest in the Euro Zone (9.4% in 2009).

The Ministry of Health said last week that doctors would be the exception and their appointments would not be halted. 

Manuel Pizarro, Secretary of …
Long-Term Total Parenteral Nutrition
Authors: Belding H. Scribner
Journal: JAMA (1970)

We describe the concept of an artificial gut system which can provide prolonged nutrition to patients incapable of enteric feeding. Concentrated nutrients are safely introduced into the circulation via an arteriovenous shunt, and delivered by either a day-mode (portable pump) or night-mode (gravity feed) delivery system. The system has been designed to be operated by the patient in his own home and has potential for maintenance of health of patients with chronic bowel disease.
Troops are needed in Darfur, says UN
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Hundreds of thousands of people could die in the next few weeks in the Darfur region of Sudan unless United Nations troops are allowed to take over peace keeping in the region to avoid further war, the UN has warned. Further outbreaks of fighting would mean the withdrawal of international staff from Darfur, leaving millions of vulnerable people without help, officials have said.
Hypothyroid-like regulation of the pituitary-thyroid axis in stable human immunodeficiency virus infection
Authors: M.J.T. Hommes, J.A. Romijn, E. Endert, R. Adriaanse, G. Brabant, J.K.M. Eeftinck Schattenkerk, W.M. Wiersinga, H.P. Sauerwein
Journal: Metabolism (1993)
Laser treatment for carcinoma of the bronchus.
Authors: M R Hetzel, F J Millard, R Ayesh, C E Bridges, E M Nanson, C P Swain, I P Williams
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Laser treatment in carcinoma of the bronchus is essentially palliative and is suitable for only a few patients. Patients selected for laser treatment must have predominantly endobronchial growth with normal bronchial anatomy still identifiable and symptoms due to the obstruction or to haemoptysis. A total of 34 patients with carcinoma of the bronchus were treated with argon gas or neodynium yttrium aluminium garnet crystal lasers. Good palliation was obtained in just over half the cases of partial obstruction of the trachea or main bronchus, but best results were obtained in lesions of the trachea or main carina. Re-expansion of the collapsed lung was achieved in some cases but with considerable risk of pneumonia. Haemoptysis was controlled at least partly in several cases. Laser treatment has the advantage of having no toxicity or dose limit and may be used in cases of poor respiratory function. The procedure was better tolerated than radiotherapy or chemotherapy and its relatively lower cost may justify setting up laser units in major cities.
Tuberculosis as a Manifestation of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: Gerard E. Mullin, Arthur L. Sheppell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The frequency of diagnosed<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is escalating. The recent article by Sunderam et al<sup>1</sup>raises interesting issues regarding the relationship of these two diseases.<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>infection was shown in their study to have severe and unusual manifestations, with overwhelming extrapulmonary disease. The lack of an intact T-cell immune response in AIDS has been the commonly accepted explanation.<sup>1</sup>However, the enhanced suppressor cell activity common to both infections may play a role in the pathogenesis of these simultaneously occurring diseases. T-cell lymphopenia with a decrease in the T-helper/suppressor cell ratio occurs in untreated patients with<i>M tuberculosis</i>infection and can be reversed with therapy.<sup>2</sup>Patients with<i>M tuberculosis</i>infection who demonstrate cutaneous anergy have enhanced suppressor cell activity. In vitro, once suppressor cells are depleted, there is a 24-fold increase in T-lymphocyte response to purified protein
Psychological, nutritional and physical status of olympic road cyclists.
Authors: A Johnson, P Collins, I Higgins, D Harrington, J Connolly, C Dolphin, M McCreery, L Brady, M O'Brien
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1985)

Six members of the Irish Olympic Road Cycling Squad underwent a comprehensive medical, nutritional, psychological and biochemical assessment in January 1983. They were given specific medical and dietary recommendations and were reassessed in January 1984 after a period spanning the competitive racing season. The cyclists' diets at both sessions were comparable and generally conformed with recommended daily intakes. Supplementary ingestion was unnecessary to attain recommended daily intakes of vitamins. Serum levels of HDL-cholesterol increased and triglyceride decreased during the period of the study. The squad had characteristics indicating traits of self-sufficiency, toughness and practical mindedness. At the second assessment there was evidence of heightened ambition and competitiveness and an improvement in mood states with reduced ratings for confusion and tension.
Does God want orphans?
Authors: D Logie
Journal: BMJ (1994)

It takes courage to interrupt a sermon in full flight. This was not a quality that Jenny Geddes lacked when, in 1637, she flung her stool at the dean of St Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh screaming “Daur ye say mass in my lug,” as he attempted to read from the English Book of Common Prayer. The good lady went on to make a decent living by selling cabbages outside the cathedral door. More recently, and probably a good deal more politely, a doctor and a community worker in Swaziland courgeously interrupted the sermon of a local parish priest. In a country where 23% of the population between 15 and 19 years are estimated to be …
Immunization of Indochinese Refugees
Authors: Richard A. Goodman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In follow-up of the description of Deinard et al (243:2156, 1980) of a patient with otogenous tetanus, we would like to comment on one of their conclusions and to inform readers about an immunization program for Indochinese refugees who are coming to the United States. The recommended schedule for unimmunized children between the ages of 2 months to 7 years consists of three doses of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (DTP) given at four- to eight-week intervals followed by a fourth dose 12 months later and a booster dose at the time of school entry.<sup>1</sup>These recommendations provide for optimal protective antibody titer responses. In the patient described by Deinard et al, the clinical onset of tetanus occurred within five days of immunization, and only one dose of DTP had been documented with certainty. Consequently, it is not surprising that the child had not
Myocardial Dysfunction and Potential Cardiac Hypoxia in Rats Induced by Carbon Monoxide Inhalation
Authors: Raphaël Favory, Steve Lancel, Stéphanie Tissier, Daniel Mathieu, Brigitte Decoster, Rémi Nevière
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Background: Results from both animal and human being studies provide evidence that inhalation of concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) at around 100 ppm has antiinflammatory effects. These low levels of CO are incriminated in ischemic heart diseases experienced by cigarette smokers and, in some cases, from air pollution. Although neurologic mechanisms have been investigated, the effects of CO on cardiovascular function are still poorly understood.Methods and Results: The effects of CO (250 ppm; 90 min) inhalation on myocardial function were investigated in isolated heart of rats killed immediately, and 3, 24, 48, and 96 h after CO exposure. CO exposure at 250 ppm resulted in an arterial carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) level of approximately 11%, which was not associated with changes in mean arterial pressure and heart rate. CO exposure induced coronary perfusion pressure increases, which were associated with endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular relaxation abnormalities. CO-induced coronary vascular relaxation perturbations were observed in the presence of increased heart contractility. Spontaneous peak to maximal Ca2+-activated left ventricular pressure ratio was markedly increased in CO-exposed rats, indicating increases in myofilament calcium sensitivity. Heart cyclic guanosine monophosphate/cAMP ratio and myocardial permeabilized fiber respiration (complex intravenous activity) were reduced in CO-exposed rats, which lasted after 48 h of reoxygenation in air.Conclusions: These findings suggest that CO deteriorates heart oxygen supply to utilization and potentially may induce myocardial hypoxia through mechanisms that include increased oxygen demand due to increased contractility, reduced coronary blood flow reserve, and cardiomyocyte respiration inhibition.
Arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid target NPM1 mutant oncoprotein levels and induce apoptosis in NPM1-mutated AML cells
Authors: Maria Paola Martelli, Ilaria Gionfriddo, Federica Mezzasoma, Francesca Milano, Sara Pierangeli, Floriana Mulas, Roberta Pacini, Alessia Tabarrini, Valentina Pettirossi, Roberta Rossi, Calogero Vetro, Lorenzo Brunetti, Paolo Sportoletti, Enrico Tiacci, Francesco Di Raimondo, Brunangelo Falini
Journal: Blood (2015)
Post-traumatic stress disorder in children after television programmes
Authors: D Simons, W R Silveira
Journal: BMJ (1994)

home have roughly double the exposure in high smoking communities than in low smoking ones.In conclusion, our data emphasise the value of measuring cotinine in the saliva as a simple non- invasive marker of passive exposure to tobacco smoke.Maternal smoking had a greater effect than paternal smoking on cotinine concentration despite its lower prevalence.However, 7-1 1% of the population burden of cotinine was in children not exposed to any of the sources we asked about.The correlation between cotinine concentrations in such children and the prevalence of smoking in the community suggests that passive smoking should be viewed as a community exposure rather than simply as an aspect of family lifestyle.
Book Review Compelled Compassion: Government intervention in the treatment of critically ill newborns Edited by Arthur L. Caplan, Robert H. Blank, and Janna C. Merrick. 336 pp. Clifton, N.J., Humana Press, 1992. $39.50. ISBN 0–89603–224–8 .
Authors: Joel E. Frader
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)
Significance of intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis in acute hepatic failure
Authors: P. Hillenbrand, S. P. Parbhoo, A. Jedrychowski, S. Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1974)

Twenty-two patients with acute hepatic failure were studied to determine the incidence and magnitude of intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis and their relation to the severity of bleeding and prognosis. The mean platelet count, Thrombotest, plasminogen activator, and plasminogen were reduced; the reduction in fibrinogen was not statistically significant. Fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were only moderately increased. Hepatic fibrin deposition was not extensive, being present in 11 of 22 hepatic sections, more in areas of confluent necrosis than in the sinusoids. The combination of increased fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products with decreased plasminogen activator, plasminogen, and thrombocytopenia is consistent with a diagnosis of intravascular coagulation and secondary local fibrinolysis. However, neither of these processes was severe. Severity of bleeding was related only to plasminogen levels and prognosis only to Thrombotest levels. There was no relation between hepatic histological and haematological findings. Heparin therapy is not indicated in the routine management of acute hepatic failure, as intravascular coagulation is not severe and heparin may itself cause massive bleeding.
Targeting the Metabolic Plasticity of Multiple Myeloma with FDA-Approved Ritonavir and Metformin
Authors: Sevim Dalva-Aydemir, Richa Bajpai, Maylyn Martinez, Kehinde U.A. Adekola, Irawati Kandela, Changyong Wei, Seema Singhal, Jennifer E. Koblinski, Noopur S. Raje, Steven T. Rosen, Mala Shanmugam
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: We have previously demonstrated that ritonavir targeting of glycolysis is growth inhibitory and cytotoxic in a subset of multiple myeloma cells. In this study, our objective was to investigate the metabolic basis of resistance to ritonavir and to determine the utility of cotreatment with the mitochondrial complex I inhibitor metformin to target compensatory metabolism. Experimental Design: We determined combination indices for ritonavir and metformin, impact on myeloma cell lines, patient samples, and myeloma xenograft growth. Additional evaluation in breast, melanoma, and ovarian cancer cell lines was also performed. Signaling connected to suppression of the prosurvival BCL-2 family member MCL-1 was evaluated in multiple myeloma cell lines and tumor lysates. Reliance on oxidative metabolism was determined by evaluation of oxygen consumption, and dependence on glutamine was assessed by estimation of viability upon metabolite withdrawal in the context of specific metabolic perturbations. Results: Ritonavir-treated multiple myeloma cells exhibited increased reliance on glutamine metabolism. Ritonavir sensitized multiple myeloma cells to metformin, effectively eliciting cytotoxicity both in vitro and in an in vivo xenograft model of multiple myeloma and in breast, ovarian, and melanoma cancer cell lines. Ritonavir and metformin effectively suppressed AKT and mTORC1 phosphorylation and prosurvival BCL-2 family member MCL-1 expression in multiple myeloma cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: FDA-approved ritonavir and metformin effectively target multiple myeloma cell metabolism to elicit cytotoxicity in multiple myeloma. Our studies warrant further investigation into repurposing ritonavir and metformin to target the metabolic plasticity of myeloma to more broadly target myeloma heterogeneity and prevent the reemergence of chemoresistant aggressive multiple myeloma. Clin Cancer Res; 21(5); 1161–71. ©2014 AACR.
Promising New Treatment Schedule for Gefitinib Responders After Severe Hepatotoxicity With Daily Administration
Authors: Nobuhiko Seki, Kazutsugu Uematsu, Reishi Shibakuki, Kenji Eguchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

assessing depression in a considerable proportion of patients, we based our conclusion on the HADS: depressed mood was associated with an increased likelihood of requesting euthanasia.In our discussion we add that depressed mood as assessed by the HADS has been shown to be predictive of the development of a clinical depression in cancer patients at the end of life.We are sure Scha ¨fer et al agree with us that we can draw the clinical conclusion that early detection of depressed mood is important for quality at the end of life for patients and their relatives.
Toxicity of Various Mushrooms
Authors: Gerard L. Moench
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The report on the "Toxicity of<i>Amanita muscaria</i>" (<i>JAMA</i><b>185</b>:663 [Aug 24] 1963) interested me very much since years ago I studied fungi. Their edibility was of secondary interest to me because most fungi are not fit for food; they are too hard, tough, stringy, bitter, etc. However, only a few are actually poisonous. It was when I sought detailed information about the actual toxicity of the various forms that I ran, again and again, into the most contradictory reports. A fungus which was toxic in one area was eaten with impunity in another. No doubt soil conditions and weather exert an influence. In the case of<i>Helvella esculenta</i>, for example, it has been shown that in wet weather there is more helvellic acid present in the fungus and this may cause gastric upset. I know of two patients in whom<i>Cantharellus aurantiacus</i>caused severe gastric