tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Associations Between Trends in Race/Ethnicity, Aging, and Body Mass Index With Diabetes Prevalence in the United States
Authors: Andy Menke, Keith F. Rust, Judith Fradkin, Yiling J. Cheng, Catherine C. Cowie
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

The increase in the prevalence of diabetes over the past few decades has coincided with an increase in certain risk factors for diabetes, such as a changing race/ethnicity distribution, an aging population, and a rising obesity prevalence.To determine the extent to which the increase in diabetes prevalence is explained by changing distributions of race/ethnicity, age, and obesity prevalence in U.S. adults.Cross-sectional, using data from 5 NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys): NHANES II (1976-1980), NHANES III (1988-1994), and the continuous NHANES 1999-2002, 2003-2006, and 2007-2010.Nationally representative samples of the U.S. noninstitutionalized civilian population.23 932 participants aged 20 to 74 years.Diabetes was defined as a self-reported diagnosis or fasting plasma glucose level of 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or more.Between 1976 to 1980 and 2007 to 2010, diabetes prevalence increased from 4.7% to 11.2% in men and from 5.7% to 8.7% in women (P for trends for both groups < 0.001). After adjustment for age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index, diabetes prevalence increased in men (6.2% to 9.6%; P for trend < 0.001) but not women (7.6% to 7.5%; P for trend = 0.69). Body mass index was the greatest contributor among the 3 covariates to the change in prevalence estimates after adjustment.Some possible risk factors, such as physical activity, waist circumference, and mortality, could not be studied because data on these variables were not collected in all surveys.The increase in the prevalence of diabetes was greater in men than in women in the U.S. population between 1976 to 1980 and 2007 to 2010. After changes in age, race/ethnicity, and body mass index were controlled for, the increase in diabetes prevalence over time was approximately halved in men and diabetes prevalence was no longer increased in women.Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.
Weight-Based Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin versus Weight-Based Intravenous Unfractionated Heparin
Authors: Jodi B. Segal, Michael B. Streiff, Eric B. Bass
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Letters18 September 2007Weight-Based Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin versus Weight-Based Intravenous Unfractionated HeparinJodi B. Segal, MD, MPH, Michael B. Streiff, MD, and Eric B. Bass, MD, MPHJodi B. Segal, MD, MPHFrom Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.Search for more papers by this author, Michael B. Streiff, MDFrom Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.Search for more papers by this author, and Eric B. Bass, MD, MPHFrom Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-147-6-200709180-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We appreciate the analyses by Dr. Umscheid and colleagues of a subgroup of the studies that were included in the systematic reviews we identified. These analyses confirm that there is little difference in outcomes (both efficacy and safety outcomes) between weight-based UFH and weight-based LMWH. We expect that practice patterns have changed since the publication of most of these trials; it is usual practice in most institutions to use a weight-based nomogram for intravenous heparin dosing. We are pleased that Dr. Umscheid and colleagues' analyses support the recommendations in the guidelines in this current era of weight-based dosing ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jodi B. Segal, MD, MPH; Michael B. Streiff, MD; Eric B. Bass, MD, MPHAffiliations: From Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoManagement of Venous Thromboembolism: A Systematic Review for a Practice Guideline Jodi B. Segal , Michael B. Streiff , Lawrence V. Hofmann , Katherine Thornton , and Eric B. Bass Management of Venous Thromboembolism: A Clinical Practice Guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians Vincenza Snow , Amir Qaseem , Patricia Barry , E. Rodney Hornbake , Jonathan E. Rodnick , Timothy Tobolic , Belinda Ireland , Jodi B. Segal , Eric B. Bass , Kevin B. Weiss , Lee Green , and Douglas K. Owens , and the Joint American College of Physicians/American Academy of Family Physicians Panel on Deep Venous Thrombosis/Pulmonary Embolism*Weight-Based Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin versus Weight-Based Intravenous Unfractionated Heparin Craig A. Umscheid , Rajender Agarwal , and Gene Gibson Metrics 18 September 2007Volume 147, Issue 6Page: 434KeywordsConflicts of interestHeparinSafetySystematic reviews ePublished: 18 September 2007 Issue Published: 18 September 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Electroporation-mediated HGF gene transfer ameliorated cyclosporine nephrotoxicity
Authors: Masayuki Mizui, Yoshitaka Isaka, Yoshitsugu Takabatake, Sinya Mizuno, Toshikazu Nakamura, Takahito Ito, Enyu Imai, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
The Coronary Artery Surgery Study
Authors: Gerald M. Lawrie, Michael E. DeBakey
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of maternal dietary exclusion on breast fed infants with eczema: two controlled studies.
Authors: A J Cant, J A Bailes, R A Marsden, D Hewitt
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Thirty seven breast fed infants with eczema were studied to see whether changes in their mothers9 diets affected their skin condition. Nineteen mothers and babies took part in a double blind crossover trial of exclusion of egg and cows9 milk, and 18 took part in open exclusion of 11 foods followed by double blind challenge to those mothers whose infants seemed to respond. Babies were examined at the beginning and end of each dietary period, and the extent and severity of the rash were given a numerical score. The eczema improved in six infants when their mothers avoided egg and cows9 milk and worsened again when these were reintroduced. Two infants suffered gastrointestinal reactions after maternal ingestion of egg and cows9 milk, one developing colitis. Maternal dietary exclusion seems to benefit some breast fed babies with eczema.
Establishment of a selective evaluation method for DPP4 inhibitors based on recombinant human DPP8 and DPP9 proteins
Authors: Jinglong Liu, Yi Huan, Caina Li, Minzhi Liu, Zhufang Shen
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2014)

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) is recognised as an attractive anti-diabetic drug target, and several DPP4 inhibitors are already on the market. As members of the same gene family, dipeptidyl peptidase 8 (DPP8) and dipeptidyl peptidase 9 (DPP9) share high sequence and structural homology as well as functional activity with DPP4. However, the inhibition of their activities was reported to cause severe toxicities. Thus, the development of DPP4 inhibitors that do not have DPP8 and DPP9 inhibitory activity is critical for safe anti-diabetic therapy. To achieve this goal, we established a selective evaluation method for DPP4 inhibitors based on recombinant human DPP8 and DPP9 proteins expressed by Rosetta cells. In this method, we used purified recombinant 120 kDa DPP8 or DPP9 protein from the Rosetta expression system. The optimum concentrations of the recombinant DPP8 and DPP9 proteins were 30 ng/mL and 20 ng/mL, respectively, and the corresponding concentrations of their substrates were both 0.2 mmol/L. This method was highly reproducible and reliable for the evaluation of the DPP8 and DPP9 selectivity for DPP4 inhibitor candidates, which would provide valuable guidance in the development of safe DPP4 inhibitors.
THU0467 Behcet’s Disease in Cyprus - A First Attempt at Describing Patient Characteristics
Authors: S. Kompogiorgas, M. Solonos, V. Hadjiroussos, S. Psarellis, V. Skoutellas, D. Nikiforou, M. Michaelides, C. Christodoulou, J. Joseph
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Behcet's disease (BD) has a high incidence in countries of the middle through to the far East and there are studies of demographics and disease characteristics from Turkey and Greece, through to Japan<sup>1</sup>. No such information exists for Cyprus. One would expect a high incidence, but this has never been studied. There are regional differences in disease characteristics and this would be important to know regarding Cyprus, given its geographical position in an area of high prevalence of BD. <h3>Objectives</h3> This is the first attempt at describing the patient characteristics (demographics, symptomatic presentation/organ involvement and treatment) of Behcet's Disease in Cyprus. <h3>Methods</h3> Cypriot rheumatologists were invited to record the relevant information on a set pro forma for each of their patients with BD fullfilling the Behcet's Disease international classification criteria. <h3>Results</h3> 50 patients were detected in this first effort. The Male to Female ratio of 1.13 to 1 was similar to Turkey and Greece. Peak incidence was equal in the 3rd and 4th decades and mean age of diagnosis was 31 years. All but two patients were Greek Cypriot. There was a very low association with other family members with ABD, or recurrent oral apthae. HLA B51 status was untested in 15/50 patients and 69% of those tested were positive. Of all the symptoms recorded, the main ones characteristic of the Cypriot population were present in the following pattern: Oral ulcers occurred in 100% of the patients. Genital ulcers and arthrits in 56% and uveitis in 52%. Superficial thrombophlebitis occurred in 8%. 2% had DVT and 2% had aneurysms. (table) <h3>Conclusions</h3> This was the first attempt at characterizing BD and studying its prevalence in Cyprus. The number of patients is small and conclusions have to be treated with caution. However, finding 50 patients amongst a population of around a million, already puts the prevalence of BD in Cyprus at 10 times that of the UK for example. This is still the beginning, and a concerted national effort must be undertaken with intensive case finding in order to detect undiagnosed cases, and eventually come up with basic epidemiological data to add to the global picture of the disease. <h3>References</h3> Zouboulis, CC. Epidemiology of Adamantiades-Behcet'sDisease. Annalesde Medicine Interne. 1999;150(6):488-98 <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Safety, feasibility, and tolerability of ileocolonoscopy in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: G. Terheggen, B. Lanyi, S. Schanz, R. Hoffmann, S. Böhm, L. Leifeld, C. Pohl, W. Kruis
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

Ileocolonoscopy including biopsies is the first-line investigation in the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, data on its safety, feasibility, and tolerability, especially in patients with extensive or severe inflammation, are rare. The aim of this study was to assess prospectively the risks of ileocolonoscopy in relation to various disease patterns and to compare possible burdens of the procedure in the endoscopist's and the patient's perception.We prospectively analyzed a total of 558 consecutive patients, 482 with a confirmed diagnosis of IBD and 76 with suspected IBD. Data were recorded regarding the indication for ileocolonoscopy, sedation, procedure time, completion rate, feasibility of the procedure, patient tolerance, and procedure-related and postprocedure complications. Endoscopic data included the region involved, the nature of the involvement, activity of the disease, and number of biopsies.In 558 endoscopic procedures performed by 14 gastroenterologists no procedure-related deaths occurred. Major complications, defined as bleeding (n = 1) or perforation (n = 3), occurred in 4/558 patients (0.7 %). Minor complications, which included intense flatulence, tachycardia, allergic reaction to a sedation drug, and autonomic symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and intense perspiration, occurred in 22/558 patients (3.9 %). There was no relationship between the complication rate and the activity of the disease. Mean procedure time was 21.0 minutes and the completion rate, defined by intubation of the terminal ileum, was 94.6 %. We documented a high tolerability independent of the severity of the disease.Ileocolonoscopy is a safe and feasible procedure in patients with IBD and is well tolerated by patients when carried out by well-trained endoscopists.
Angiogenesis alteration by defibrotide: implications for its mechanism of action in severe hepatic veno-occlusive disease
Authors: Luba Benimetskaya, Sijian Wu, Anatoliy M. Voskresenskiy, Cinara Echart, Jin-Feng Zhou, Joongho Shin, Massimo Iacobelli, Paul Richardson, Kanyalakshmi Ayyanar, C. A. Stein
Journal: Blood (2008)
The application of methods of non-linear dynamics for the improved and predictive recognition of patients threatened by sudden cardiac death
Authors: A. Voss, J. Kurths, H.J. Kleiner, A. Witt, N. Wessel, P. Saparin, K.J. Osterziel, R. Schurath, R. Dietz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

This study introduces new methods of non-linear dynamics (NLD) and compares these with traditional methods of heart rate variability (HRV) and high resolution ECG (HRECG) analysis in order to improve the reliability of high risk stratification.Simultaneous 30 min high resolution ECG's and long-term ECG's were recorded from 26 cardiac patients after myocardial infarction (MI). They were divided into two groups depending upon the electrical risk, a low risk group (group 2, n = 10) and a high risk group (group 3, n = 16). The control group consisted of 35 healthy persons (group 1). From these electrocardiograms we extracted standard measures in time and frequency domain as well as measures from the new non-linear methods of symbolic dynamics and renormalized entropy.Applying discriminant function techniques on HRV analysis the parameters of non-linear dynamics led to an acceptable differentiation between healthy persons and high risk patients of 96%. The time domain and frequency domain parameters were successful in less than 90%. The combination of parameters from all domains and a stepwise discriminant function separated these groups completely (100%). Use of this discriminant function classified three patients with apparently low (no) risk into the same cluster as high risk patients. The combination of the HRECG and HRV analysis showed the same individual clustering but increased the positive value of separation.The methods of NLD describe complex rhythm fluctuations and separate structures of non-linear behavior in the heart rate time series more successfully than classical methods of time and frequency domains. This leads to an improved discrimination between a normal (healthy persons) and an abnormal (high risk patients) type of heart beat generation. Some patients with an unknown risk exhibit similar patterns to high risk patients and this suggests a hidden high risk. The methods of symbolic dynamics and renormalized entropy were particularly useful measures for classifying the dynamics of HRV.
Fluorouracil-Floxuridine Controversy
Authors: Charles G. Moertel
Journal: JAMA (1967)

To the Editor:—  Over the past five or more years, a vast expenditure of funds, both federal and private, and considerable investigator time have been devoted to the study of floxuridine (FUDR). The most intense study and the greatest controversy have revolved about the effectiveness of this chemotherapeutic agent in the palliative treatment of advanced carcinoma of the large bowel. Recently, these efforts reached their culmination in the almost simultaneous publication of the results obtained by two large cooperative groups. Each group administered the drug by the intravenous injection technique, and each stated their results were evaluated by objective criteria. The Central Region of the Clinical Drug Evaluation Program 1 made a strong plea for further use of floxuridine in colonic cancer with their astonishing objective regression rate of 59%. Perplexing in contrast is the 4% regression rate reported by the Eastern Cooperative Group in Solid Tumor Chemotherapy. 2 This
ACID FAST ORGANISMS IN SPUTUM WITH NORMAL OR QUESTIONABLE ROENTGENOGRAPHIC FINDINGS
Authors: FRANCIS B. TRUDEAU
Journal: JAMA (1942)

A rather rare but often puzzling problem for physicians who deal primarily with abnormal conditions of the chest is the case in which tubercle bacilli are or have been reported found in the sputum and yet the x-ray films fail to show any definite parenchymal lesion. Are we to put our entire faith in the x-ray film and disregard the positive sputum, allowing the patient to continue a normal life, or are we to tell our patient that he has clinical tuberculosis which needs treatment, in spite of the negative or questionable roentgen ray finding? In order to help us determine our course of procedure in this type of case, we went over the records of our patients at the Trudeau Sanatorium for the past thirty years and picked out all those of patients who had come to us either because they had been told by their physician that tubercle
Follicular concentrations of azelaic acid after a single topical application
Authors: R.A. BOJAR, A.G. CUTCLIFFE, K. GRAUPE, W.J. CUNLIFFE, K.T. HOLLAND
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Follicular concentrations of azelaic acid after a single topical application Get access R.A. BOJAR, R.A. BOJAR Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.G. CUTCLIFFE, A.G. CUTCLIFFE Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. GRAUPE, K. GRAUPE Schering AG, Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. CUNLIFFE, W.J. CUNLIFFE Leeds Foundation for Dermatological Research, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.T. HOLLAND K.T. HOLLAND Department of Microbiology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 129, Issue 4, 1 October 1993, Pages 399–402, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb03165.x Published: 01 October 1993 Article history Accepted: 10 May 1993 Published: 01 October 1993
Researchers Describe Latest Strategies to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Microbes
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The therapy of obedience
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<h3>Objectives</h3> The pharmacy department at St Mary9s Hospital, Isle of Wight, UK, introduced a service whereby pharmacists took on the role of transcribing drug histories to drug charts as a method to attempt to reduce the number of discrepancies between the drug history and drug chart occurring on admission to hospital. <h3>Method</h3> Between February and March 2014, 52 drug histories transcribed by pharmacists and 52 transcribed by doctors were validated to identify any discrepancies. These discrepancies were then reviewed by a multidisciplinary panel to determine the potential consequence. <h3>Results</h3> Doctors were found to be 54 times more likely to make an unintentional discrepancy than pharmacists (χ<sup>2</sup>=185.5, p&lt;0.001). The absolute risk reduction when a pharmacist transcribed the medicines was 36%; the number needed to treat was 2.8 (CI 95% 2.43 to 3.21). <h3>Conclusion</h3> The pharmacist transcribing service has been shown to significantly reduce the number of discrepancies.
Reproducibility of Liver Stiffness Measurement by Ultrasonographic Elastometry
Authors: Jérôme Boursier, Anselme Konaté, Gabriella Gorea, Stéphane Reaud, Emmanuel Quemener, Frédéric Oberti, Isabelle Hubert–Fouchard, Nina Dib, Paul Calès
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2008)