tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous reactions to substance P and histamine in atopic dermatitis
Authors: I. H. COULSON, C.A. HOLDEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

The flare and weal reactions to intradermal injections of histamine and the peptide substance P were measured in a group of patients with atopic dermatitis and compared to reactions in a non-atopic control group. There was no significant difference in the flare areas between the controls and atopies with either reagent. The weal volumes after injection of substance P and histamine were significantly larger in the atopic group. As substance P causes mast cell histamine release, the increased weal volumes produced by substance P in the atopies may be entirely due to the exaggerated atopic weal reaction to histamine.
Toward a unified genetic map of higher plants, transcending the monocot–dicot divergence
Authors: Andrew H. Paterson, Tien-Hung Lan, Kim P. Reischmann, Charlene Chang, Yann-Rong Lin, Sin-Chieh Liu, Mark D. Burow, Stanley P. Kowalski, Catherine S. Katsar, Terrye A. DelMonte, Kenneth A. Feldmann, Keith F. Schertz, Jonathan F. Wendel
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
The twain shall meet: Uniting the analysis of sex differences and within-sex variation
Authors: David C. Rowe
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1996)

Abstract Spatial and mathematical abilities may be “sex-limited” traits. A sex-limited trait has the same determinants of variation within the sexes, but the genetic or environmental effects would be differentially expressed in males and females. New advances in structural equation modeling allow means and variation to be estimated simultaneously. When these statistical methods are combined with a genetically informative research design, it should be possible to demonstrate that the genes influencing spatial and mathematical abilities are sex-limited in their expression. This approach would give an empirical confirmation of Geary's evolutionary speculations.
A caecal diaphragm.
Authors: A D Gayner, J J Price, O J Follows
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Benign normolipoproteinaemic acanthocytosisAcanthocyes, or spiky red cells, in neurological disorders have been described in association with normal serum lipoproteins,24 hypobetalipoproteinaemia,4 and abetalipoproteinaemia.'These cells are morphologically indistinguishable from "burr" cells, or "spur" cells in American reports (acanthos, thorn).'The third family in the United Kingdom with normolipoproteinaemic acanthocytosis is described here.
Reply to David Connolly, Rachel Hutton, Patrick F. Keane’s Letter to the Editor re: Monique J. Roobol, Fritz H. Schröder, Pim van Leeuwen, et al. Performance of the Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3) Gene and Prostate-Specific Antigen in Prescreened Men: Exploring the Value of PCA3 for a First-line Diagnostic Test. Eur Urol 2010;58:475–81
Authors: Monique J. Roobol
Journal: European Urology (2010)
Simple, rapid, and effective method of producing aortocaval shunts in the rat
Authors: R. Garcia, S. Diebold
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Study objective – The aim of the study was to develop a new procedure to produce abdominal aortocaval shunts in the rat without vascular microsurgery. Procedure – The inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta were exposed by laparotomy. The aorta was punctured caudal to the left renal artery with an 18 gauge disposable needle which was advanced into the vessel, perforating the adjacent wall between aorta and vena cava and penetrating the latter. A bulldog vascular clamp was placed across the aorta cephalic to the puncture, the needle was withdrawn, and the aortic puncture point was sealed with a drop of cyanoacrylate glue. The clamp was removed 30 s later. Patency of the shunt was verified visually by swelling of the vena cava and admixture of arterial and venous blood. No local haemorrhages were seen. The laporatomy was then closed. The procedure takes less than 10 min. Results – Of 11 rats which received this procedure, only one died within 24 h. All the other animals were killed 4 weeks after operation. Nine of these 10 animals had developed cardiac hypertrophy of about the same magnitude. There were no changes in sham operated controls. Conclusions – This is a reproducible, simple and rapid method of developing high output heart failure and cardiac hypertrophy in the rat which could be useful in many laboratories.
Peter John Ryan
Authors: R. Ryan
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consultant surgeon Melbourne 1957-90 (b Shepparton, Victoria 1925; q Melbourne 1948; OAM, MS, FRCS, FRACS), died from cancer on 3 June 2002.

After service in 1954 in Korea and Japan with the British Commonwealth Forces, Peter was a senior registrar at Leicester General Hospital before becoming consultant surgeon at St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne. He was a pioneer in the field of colorectal surgery in Australia, establishing the first colorectal clinic in Melbourne. He was made Hunterian professor for his work on diverticular disease and wrote A Very Small Textbook of Surgery (1988). Peter had a great interest in Asia. He led the first St Vincent's surgical team to Vietnam in 1965, and lectured in Malaysia, Indonesia, and Japan. He was a founding member of the Road Trauma Committee, which called for compulsory seatbelt legislation. He leaves a wife, Margery, and 10 children.
The JAMA Network Journals
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Daniel M. Albert, Joseph T. Coyle, Julie Ann Freischlag, Wayne F. Larrabee, Paul A. Levine, Rita F. Redberg, Frederick P. Rivara, June K. Robinson, Roger N. Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atypical Cushing's syndrome associated with bronchial carcinoid.
Authors: C. J. Riley, M. A. Lecutier
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MEDICBJOURNAL 291Phree radioactive compounds could be detected in chromato- grams of the urine after administration of 35S methimazole, of which two were probably 35S methimazole and VISO4.The third compound could be detected at the origin after the urinary sulphate had been removed by precipitation with barium chloride.After administration of propylthiouracil chrormato- graphs of the urine showed that the 35S label remained at the origin with the chromatographic system used, and few or no counts running as propylthiouracil could be detected. COMMENTPropylthiouracil and methimazole are generally thought to be equivalent drugs for the treatment of thyrotoxicosis.Our results reflect differences in metabolism of the drugs, including distribution space, plasma half-life, absorption, and excretion.Intrathyroid metabolism may also differ.Thus we have found (Gallagher, Londono, and Alexander, to be published) that the T/S (thyroid/serum radioactivity) ratio in rats reaches 3 after administration of 35S methimazole, and 40 for 35Spropylthiouracil.The differences in drug metabolism may influence their therapeutic efficacy.The latter may also be influenced by host factors such as renal failure.These preliminary results provide measurements of plasma radioactivity only.Studies to determine the chemical form. of the antithyroid drug in the plasma are in progress.Neverthe- less, if the 35S is split off it is unlikely that the residue of the molecule would have antithyroid activity, and the label would probably be rapidly excreted, mainly as 35SO .In the rat thyroid the 35S label is present mainly as '5SO4 after adnministration of 35S thiourea (Schulman, 1950 ; Maloof and Spector, 1959).
Performance of the First Step of the 2-Step Dermoscopy Algorithm
Authors: Lucy L. Chen, Stephen W. Dusza, Natalia Jaimes, Ashfaq A. Marghoob
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

The 2-step dermoscopy algorithm aims to guide the decision-making process to biopsy or not biopsy a skin lesion by providing the most probable diagnosis via a systematic approach.To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and potential limitations of the first step (to differentiate melanocytic from nonmelanocytic lesions) of the 2-step dermoscopy algorithm.Retrospective study in a clinical practice of one dermatologist of biopsy data of all skin lesions from one clinic during a 10-year period. The prebiopsy and histopathology diagnoses were classified as melanocytic or nonmelanocytic.The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for the first step were estimated using the histopathological lesion classifications as the standard.The sensitivity of the first step for correctly identifying melanocytic lesions was 85%, and the specificity was 94%. Approximately 7% of all lesions (667 of 9168) had discordant classifications, with 415 (4.5%) being false-positive lesions (clinically classified as melanocytic and histopathologically classified as nonmelanocytic) and 252 (2.7%) being false negatives (clinically classified as nonmelanocytic and histopathologically classified as melanocytic). Common classification errors included intradermal nevus misclassified as basal cell carcinoma and nonmelanocytic lesions (eg, seborrheic keratosis, lichen planus-like keratosis, basal cell carcinomas) misclassified as melanocytic because they mimic melanoma. Clinically, 8 of 381 melanomas were misclassified as nonmelanocytic (primarily as pigmented basal cell carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas).The 2-step dermoscopy algorithm, including its first step, has high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy and can be relied on to provide an accurate and specific prebiopsy diagnosis and to help guide management decisions. Some lesions had a higher chance of being misclassified, with the most common being intradermal nevi. This algorithm helps toward maximizing the detection of skin cancer to ensure that malignant lesions are not missed and aims at making more precise clinical diagnoses.
Expression of High-Mobility Group Box 1 and of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Nassima Ferhani, Séverine Letuve, Alexander Kozhich, Olivier Thibaudeau, Martine Grandsaigne, Marielle Maret, Marie-Christine Dombret, Gary P. Sims, Roland Kolbeck, Anthony J. Coyle, Michel Aubier, Marina Pretolani
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2010)

Rationale: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airway inflammation and remodeling. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear protein that is released during inflammation and repair, interacts with proinflammatory cytokines and with the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), which is highly expressed in the lung.Objectives: To determine whether HMGB1 is augmented in COPD and is associated with IL-1β and RAGE.Methods: HMGB1 was assessed in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of 20 never-smokers, 20 smokers, and 30 smokers with COPD and it was correlated with inflammatory and clinical parameters. In parallel, HMGB1 and RAGE immunolocalization was determined in bronchial and lung tissues. Last, binding of HMGB1 to IL-1β in human macrophages and in BAL fluid was examined.Measurements and Main Results: BAL levels of HMGB1 were higher in smokers with COPD than in smokers and never-smokers (P < 0.0001 for both comparisons), and similar differences were observed in epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages. BAL HMGB1 correlated positively with IL-1β (rs = 0.438; P = 0.0006) and negatively with FEV1 (rs = −0.570; P < 0.0001) and transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (rs = −0.382; P = 0.0026). HMGB1–IL-1β complexes were found in BAL supernatant and alveolar macrophages from smokers and patients with COPD, as well as in the human macrophage cell line, THP-1, where they enhanced the synthesis of tumor-necrosis factor-α. RAGE was overexpressed in the airway epithelium and smooth muscle of patients with COPD and it colocalized with HMGB1.Conclusions: Elevated HMGB1 expression in COPD airways may sustain inflammation and remodeling through its interaction with IL-1β and RAGE.
Excessive expenditure of income on treatments in developing countries
Authors: T. Hesketh, Z. W. Xing
Journal: BMJ (1994)

cholesterolaemia is found and the decision is made to measure the low density lipoprotem cholesterol concentration.Many laboratories use an indirect measurement of this which requires knowledge of the triglyceride concentration.Consistent evidence that triglycerides have an important independent role in the prevention of coronary heart disease, however, remains elusive; calls for triglyceride testing must appeal to faith rather than established fact.
A CASE OF POISONING DUE TO CAMPHOR LINIMENT
Authors: Milton C. Lang
Journal: JAMA (1924)

E. K., a man, aged 44, a prisoner at the Maryland Penitentiary, while in his cell called for a dose of castor oil. By mistake he was given an ounce of camphor liniment by an attendant, which he drank unknowingly at 9 p. m., April 3, 1924. He was not seen again until 10:45 p. m., when he was found in a convulsion of epileptiform character, which lasted six minutes. He then recovered consciousness, and complained of weakness, inability to stand up, nausea, nervousness, severe headache and pain in the eyes. His condition rapidly grew worse, and he became semidelirious. Although no definite convulsions were noted, there were frequent twitching movements of the lower extremities. The patient was restless, his skin was pale and clammy, the pulse regular but rapid; the blood pressure was 120 systolic, and 75 diastolic. The respirations were loud, rapid and shallow, but were frequently interrupted
Jugular Vein Sampling in Cushing Disease
Authors: Leonard Thaler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 September 1998Jugular Vein Sampling in Cushing DiseaseLeonard Thaler, MDLeonard Thaler, MDEmory University; Atlanta, GA 30322Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-5-199809010-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Doppman and colleagues [1] describe a potentially valuable diagnostic tool for characterizing adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-dependent Cushing syndrome. However, apparent inconsistencies between the data described in the text and the figure cause confusion. The Results section reports that the range for pre-corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) ratios of central to peripheral ACTH in the jugular vein samples is 2.1 to 3.7. However, the figure and Discussion section indicate that several values are less than 2.0. Likewise, the range for post-CRH ratios in the jugular vein samples is noted to be 3.24 to 14.9, with evidence from the figure indicating several ...References1. Doppman JL, Oldfield EH, Nieman LK. Bilateral sampling of the internal jugular vein to distinguish between mechanisms of adrenocorticotropic hormone-dependent Cushing syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:33-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Emory University; Atlanta, GA 30322 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1998Volume 129, Issue 5Page: 423-424KeywordsAdrenocorticotropic hormoneHormonesJugular veinPituitary tumorsSpecificityVeins Issue Published: 1 September 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Myocardial protection through cold cardioplegia with potassium or diltiazem. Experimental evidence that diltiazem provides better protection even when coronary flow is impaired by a critical stenosis.
Authors: P R Vouhé, J Hélias, P Robert, C M Grondin
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Intermittent aortic root infusion of a cold solution containing either potassium chloride (KCl) or diltiazem was performed in 32 dogs during a 2-hour aortic clamping. Half of the dogs in each group had a critical stenosis created on the circumflex artery before cardiopulmonary bypass. Global left ventricular (LV) function was determined 1 hour after bypass by means of LV pressure, peak dP/dt, LV end-diastolic pressure, cardiac and stroke work indexes. Regional function was assessed through microcrystals in the areas of the circumflex and left anterior descending coronary arteries. LV pressure decreased in all dogs, but more so with the KCl solution (p = 0.02). The stenosis had no specific effect on LV pressure, but affected peak positive dP/dt (p = 0.007) and LV end-diastolic pressure (p less than 0.0001). Cardiac and stroke work indexes decreased more in the KCl group than in the diltiazem group (p less than 0.002) with or without stenosis. Both positive and negative dP/dt were affected by the type of solution (a greater decrease with KCl), but the narrowing affected only the positive dP/dt. Regional LV function remained unchanged in the absence of a narrowing and was depressed equally in dogs with a narrowing whether they received KCl or diltiazem. Overall LV function appeared to be better preserved with diltiazem, with or without impairment of circumflex flow.
Current Practice in Orthopaedic Surgery
Authors: H. Andrew Wissinger
Journal: JAMA (1967)

The book concerns itself with three subjects. Section 1 is devoted to the history of American orthopedic surgery and consists of short biographies of two early American orthopedic surgeons. Dr. Shands gives the reader a rather vivid picture of the areas of interest, accomplishments, and shortcomings of Drs. Detmold and Bauer. Section 2 is devoted to cerebral palsy, and includes an excellent section on equinus deformity by Drs. Bassett and Baker. The third subdivision is general orthopedics. The problem of nonunion and aseptic necroses following fractures of the femoral neck has been markedly improved in Dr. Deyerle's hands using a fixation device and operative technique which offer more efficient fixation of the fracture fragments. This technique apparently improves results; however, it requires a well-organized operating room and a technically capable operator. The section on manual testing of the upper extremity musculature by Helen Vaugh, RPT, contains material necessary in every
The Right Auricular Electrokymogram of Normal Subjects
Authors: EARNEST BOOTH, KATHRYN WILLIS, T. J. REEVES, T. R. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation (1953)

The numerous waves of the right auricular electrokymograms of normal subjects are interpreted on the basis of simultaneously recorded electrocardiograms, and jugular and carotid pulse tracings. The factors responsible for shape as well as volume changes of the auricles are discussed. Auricular contractions in patients with heart block are included to illustrate the isolated dynamic auricular movements.
Factors Affecting the Mortality from Peptic Ulcer
Authors: John R. Brooks, Angelo J. Eraklis
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE overall mortality rate for elective subtotal gastrectomy at the Peter Bent Brigham Hospital is 0.4 per cent. The mortality rate for emergency subtotal gastrectomy done for acute massive bleeding is 21 per cent.1 Forty per cent of the bleeding patients were over sixty-five years of age. The majority of patients dying after subtotal gastrectomy for massive peptic-ulcer hemorrhage were over sixty years of age.This retrospective clinical study was undertaken to evaluate our past experience with subtotal gastrectomy for peptic ulcer and possibly to define the factors that accounted for the deaths in this series. This article deals separately . . .
Mechanism of antihypertensive action of ketanserin in man.
Authors: I W Reimann, J C Frolich
Journal: BMJ (1983)

A randomised double blind crossover study was carried out to determine whether ketanserin, a serotonin antagonist with an antihypertensive action in animals, has an alpha 1 adrenergic mediated antihypertensive effect in man. Steady state plasma ketanserin concentrations (mean 88 (SD 19) micrograms/1) and cardiovascular responses measured in five healthy volunteers showed that therapeutic doses of ketanserin significantly antagonised the alpha 1 receptor mediated increase in arterial blood pressure after treatment with methoxamine. Thus the antihypertensive action of ketanserin in man appears to originate from a blockade of peripheral vascular alpha 1 receptors.
Transformation of polycythemia vera to ph‐positive chronic myelogenous leukemia
Authors: Amin U. Haq
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1990)

Abstract A patient with polycythemia vera (PV) developed chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) 8 years after his initial presentation with erythrocytosis. The patient received a total of 3.5‐7 g of chlorambucil over an approximate period of 5 years. Transformation of PV to CML is very unusual; only three substantiated cases had been reported in literature until 1975, and none has been described since then. All patients received either 32 P or chemotherapy for PV treatment, suggesting that irradiation and alkylating agents may have played a role in the transformation to CML.
Rupert Hallam and the development of dermatology in Sheffield
Authors: A.J.G. Mcdonagh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

(Arthur) Rupert Hallam worked as a dermatologist in Sheffield from 1911 to 1944. Early in his career, he also specialized in diagnostic radiology and established this speciality in Sheffield. Hallam performed investigative work on the aetiology of papular urticaria and erythema multiforme, the prognosis of psoriasis, and the aetiology of chilblains. He was an original member of the British Association of Dermatologists from 1920 becoming president in 1935. He also helped to found the North of England Dermatological Society. He was an innovator in both clinical and administrative matters and was the first British dermatologist to develop a full‐time training post in the speciality.