tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Our experience in the surgery of the chest wall tumors
Authors: Alexandru Nicodin, Ovidiu Burlacu, Gabriel Cozma, Ioan Petrache, Voicu Voiculescu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction:

The tumoral pathology of the chest wall is extremely interesting and wide, and still today it rises a great amount of problems related to the diagnosis and surgical treatement. That is why the purpose of this article is to share our department's experience confronting this type of pathology.

Material and method:

We analysed a series of 154 patients that underwent surgery in our department in ap 10 years period(2001 – 2011), with ages between 21 and 74 years old. 43 of the patients had benign pathology, the rest of 111 had primary, secondary or contiguous malignancies of the chest wall. The surgical procedures applied were chest wall resection followed by reconstruction with several types of synthetic materials such as Thoratex mesh, „Spider Web” suture or the use of methylmetacrylate in 25.4% of the cases and chest wall resection without stabilisation. In 74.6% of the patients. The mean hospital stay was 8 days.

Results:

In all the cases the perioperative mortality and morbidity was zero. The immediate postoperative outcome off the patients was good in 150 cases, 3 cases developed wound seroma that was managed with conservative treatment and one patient underwent a second surgery with muscular flap after stabilisation with methylmetacrylate.

Conclusions:

The tumoral pathology of the chest wall still raises a series of problems of surgical treatment, some cases are indeed a chalange for the surgeon, but the continuous developement of the surgical techniques and of the meterials for reconstruction along with the developement of experienced surgical teams lead to obtaining optimal results without complications that require further surgical attention.
Subtyping agreement between small cyto-histological samples and surgical specimens in NSCLC patients
Authors: Ines Neves, Filipa Soares Pires, Ana Paula Vaz, Conceiçao Souto Moura, Pedro Bastos, Henrique Queiroga, Vescelau Hespanhol, Gabriela Fernandes
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  NSCLC subtyping is crucial to select patients for chemotherapy or target therapy and provides prognostic information. In most patients, therapeutic decisions are based on small cyto-histological samples.   Aim : To evaluate subtyping agreement between small samples and surgical specimens in surgically treated NSCLC patients.   Methods:  Subtyping obtained in small samples and surgical specimens was compared in NSCLC patients submitted to tumour resection between 1999 and 2012.   Results:  213 patients were included. Diagnosis was obtained in cytological specimens in 58.6% and small biopsies in 41.4%. 160 (75.1%) cases had absolute agreement in subtyping, 35 (16.4%) were classified as NSCLC not otherwise specified (NOS) and in 18 (8.5%) subtyping was inadequate.  The accuracy of NSCLC subtyping was statistically inferior in cytological specimens (66.4%) compared to small biopsies (88.1%; p   Conclusion:  Lung cancer subtyping in small cyto-histological samples was very accurate. In recent years, there was an improvement in adequate subtyping probably due to the increase use of immunohistochemistry and reduction of cytological samples.
Active Immunoprophylaxis and Immunotherapy in Two Mouse Lymphoma Models2
Authors: T. Ghose, A. Guclu, J. Tai, S. T. Norvell, A. S. MacDonald
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Injections of appropriate numbers of irradiated tumor cells produced antibodies against tumor cell-surface antigen(s) in both syngeneic tumor models studied: the early transplant generations of the spontaneous L2 lymphoma in AKR/J mice and the chemically induced EL 4 lymphoma in C57BL/6J mice. No antibody was detected in normal or nonimmunized tumor-bearing mice. Tumor inhibitory or enhancing activity was not demonstrated by these antibodies. Immunoprophylaxis or cell-mediated immunity against the L2 lymphoma was not observed after injections of irradiated L2 cells and/or BCG into AKR mice. However, injections of irradiated EL 4 cells alone were effective in immunoprophylaxis against as many as 10(6) EL 4 cells and in immunotherapy against 10(2) EL 4 cells per mouse. The addition of BCG injections made immunotherapy with irradiated EL 4 cells effective against a load of 10(4) EL 4 cells/mouse, though BCG alone was not effective for immunoprophylaxis against EL 4 cells. Resistance to EL 4 could be transferred with viable syngeneic peritoneal or nucleated spleen cells. In both tumor models, an ongoing delayed hypersensitivity reaction to BCG alone apparently did not inhibit bystander tumor cells even when tumor cells were mixed before inoculation with viable BCG. In neither tumor model were concanavalin A-coated tumor cells more potent for immunoprophylaxis than were irradiated tumor cells alone.
Molecular signatures associated with clinical outcome in patients with high-risk head and neck squamous cell carcinoma treated by surgery and radiation
Authors: Michael D. Story, K. Kian Ang, Latha Ramdas, Uma Giri, Cheryl L. Ashorn, Adel El-K. Naggar, David N. Stivers, Kevin Coombes
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4466   Although clinical features can define excellent prognosis in a small subset of patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the local-regional control rate in the remaining high-risk patients remains poor and is unpredictable for a given individual. This study examined whether gene expression patterns developed from tumors from high-risk HNSCC patients could be correlated with clinical outcome, namely metastasis or non-recurrent disease. Primary tumors from patients treated with curative intent using a consistent protocol of surgery followed by radiotherapy were examined. A set of fifteen tumors from a larger pool of patients categorized by surgico-pathological criteria as being at high risk were examined; seven developed distant metastasis (DM) and eight had no recurrence (NR) of disease after a median follow-up period of 59 months. Unsupervised clustering of gene expression did not separate the two groups from one another. However, when supervised methodologies were used 205 (of 8124) differentially regulated genes discriminated the two groups. Within the DM group, genes associated with: cell growth and proliferation; DNA replication, recombination and repair; anti-apoptotic pathways; cell adhesion; and angiogenesis were identified. For NR samples, differentially regulated genes were associated with the onset of apoptosis. Our data suggest that gene expression analysis of surgically excised HNSCC tumors from patients considered as high-risk for recurrence has the potential to identify individuals that are susceptible to metastasis based upon distinct gene expression patterns. These patients would be ideal candidates for testing systemic therapy.
Impact of Preoperative Bimodality Induction Including Twice-Daily Radiation on Tumor Regression and Survival in Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Michael Thomas, Christian Rübe, Michael Semik, Michael von Eiff, Lutz Freitag, Hans N. Macha, Wolfgang Wagner, Folker Klinke, Hans H. Scheld, Norman Willich, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Klaus Junker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: The objective of this prospective study was to assess the feasibility, toxicity, and efficacy of an intensive trimodality approach in stage III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty-four patients with NSCLC and biopsy-proven N2 nodes (IIIA; n = 25) or N3 nodes or T4 lesions (IIIB; n = 29) were administered two initial cycles of ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide; subsequent radiotherapy (45 Gy, twice-daily 1.5 Gy) with concurrent carboplatin and vindesine; and surgery if the patient's disease was resectable or conventional radiotherapy (16 Gy, 2 Gy/d) if the patient's disease was not resectable or incompletely resectable. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients (69%) responded to preoperative induction. Forty of 54 patients (74%) had disease that was resectable, with 34 (63%) complete resections (R0). A substantial pathologic response (tumor regression [TR] &gt; 90%) was achieved in 27 of 54 patients (50%) and is revealed as an independent predictor for long-term survival after surgery. Five treatment-related deaths (9%) occurred. With a median follow-up period of 44 months, calculated survival rates at 3 years were 35% for patients with stage IIIA disease, 26% for patients with stage IIIB disease, and 56% for patients with R0 disease and TR &gt; 90%. CONCLUSION: This trimodality approach is feasible and results in encouraging 3-year survival rates in prognostically unfavorable patients with stage III NSCLC. Patients experiencing a 90% degree of pathologic TR were most likely to achieve long-term survival.
Late-breaking abstract: Marked disparity in environment, infections, and asthma and atopy prevalence between rural and urban children in China
Authors: Mulin Feng, Zhaowei Yang, Jing Li
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  Childhood asthma epidemiology studies have shown a mark difference between urban and rural regions.   Objective:  We sought to assess whether exposure to indoor endotoxin, allergens and infections might be relevant to differential prevalence of asthma between urban and rural children in China.   Methods:  A questionnaire survey was performed in 7164 children from urban Guangzhou and 6087 children from rural Conghua, and a subsample of 854 children was recruited for a case-control study. Lung function, histamine bronchial provocation test, skin prick test, blood eosinophil count and serum antibody analysis were examined. True asthma was defined as diagnosed asthma or current wheeze with AHR. House dust samples from 156 families were obtained to further analyze concentrations of endotoxin, house dust mite and cockroach allergens.   Results:  The prevalence of asthma was higher in children from Guangzhou (6.9%) than Conghua (3.4%, p Halmonella  infection (22.1% vs 29.4%) but higher  Helicobacter  infection (33.1% vs 23.2%) was found in rural subjects (p   Conclusions:  Rural children had a reduced risk of asthma and atopy. There is a discrepancy between environmental endotoxin and allergen exposure, atopy and asthma, suggesting that other factors substantially contribute to the greater prevalence of asthma in urban children in Guangdong, China.
STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS OF AMIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: F.N. FASTIER
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (1962)

The pharmacological actions of amidine [—C(NH2):NH2] derivatives given most attention in this review are those affecting blood pressure, smooth and skeletal muscle tone, and metabolism. An account has been given of the distribution of pressor, reflex depressor, vasoconstrictor, hypoglycaexnic, antibacterial, and certain other forms of pharmacological activity amongst amidine derivatives and compounds chemically related to them. Attention has been restricted largely to compounds of fairly simple structure, particularly those belonging to aliphatic homologous series, in order to emphasize factors which are believed to be of major importance in determining activity.

Basic strength is one such factor. The characteristic properties of amidine derivatives as a class are those of amidinium cations. These cations are thought to compete with cations of physiological importance for anionic sites on or in cells.

Molecular size is also of major importance. It would be expected on chemical grounds that an amidinium ion with a long hydrocarbon chain would be better able than a lower homologue to become concentrated in the phase in which the drug receptors lie, and also to remain in contact with the receptors for longer periods on the average in the face of competition from other cations. Hence it is not surprising that some, though by no means all, pharmacological actions of amidine derivatives increase in intensity and duration when a homologous series is ascended (up to a cut-off imposed by extreme water-insolubility). These actions are probably ones which depend upon the occupation of, as distinct from the act of combination with, drug receptors. The distribution of such properties as pressor activity can be explained most simply by assuming that stimulant actions of amidine derivatives are brought about by a quantal process, occurring as the result of the drug's making contact with the receptor and being prevented from recurring for so long as the two remain in contact.

The characteristics of the drug receptor appear to be highly important for some forms of activity but not for others. Thus, it seems important for possession of strong reflex depressor activity that the size and shape of the molecule should be comparable to that of 5-hydroxytryptamine. On the other hand, the ability of numerous amines and amidine derivatives to exert trypanocidal and antibacterial actions implies that little specificity of structure is needed to permit interaction with certain other receptors.
Platelet-endothelial adhesion in IPF
Authors: Michael Crooks, Alyn Morice, Khalid Naseem, Simon Hart
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background    Epidemiological studies have demonstrated an association between IPF and vascular disease. The recognised role of platelets in vascular disease and their profibrotic potential led us to investigate platelet reactivity in IPF. We previously reported increased platelet reactivity due to a plasma factor in IPF. In this study we investigate platelet-endothelial adhesion.   Method   Blood was collected from 10 IPF patients and 10 controls to prepare platelet poor plasma. Washed control platelets were suspended in autologous plasma, allogeneic control plasma or IPF patient plasma and labelled with antiCD42b, stimulated with ADP and incubated with HUVEC. The percentage of endothelial cells with one or more adherent platelet(s) were identified by flow cytometry.   Results   Platelet-endothelial adhesion was significantly greater following incubation in IPF plasma compared with autologous and allogeneic control plasma at basal levels (0.86±0.03%, 0.09±0.03% and 0.15±0.03% respectively. P    Conclusion   Platelets incubated in IPF patient plasma have an increased propensity to adhere to endothelial cells providing further evidence of an abnormal platelet response in IPF patients and demonstrating a potential mechanism by which platelets may contribute to pulmonary fibrosis.  Figure 1. Platelet-endothelial adhesion. * P
Pepstatin, an Ascites Retardant of L1210 Tumor-Bearing Mice: Brief Communication2
Authors: Lowell M. Greenbaum, Gloria Semente
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

The effect of pepstatin on the kinetics of ascitic fluid accumulation in L1210 tumor-bearing mice (DBA/2) was observed. Following inoculation of 1.5 × 106 tumor cells, untreated mice reached a peak of fluid accumulation on day 6 and remained at this level until death on day 9. A “lag” phase of 4 days occurred before fluid accumulation was seen. Pepstatin administered sc in a single dose of 80 mg/kg during the lag phase significantly retarded fluid accumulation as compared to untreated animals. Pepstatin administered following fluid accumulation was much less effective. We concluded that pepstatin prevents fluid accumulation rather than acts as a diuretic agent. The term “ascites retardant” is suggested for the pharmacologic actions of pepstatin, since it prevents fluid accumulation without diminishing the cell count.
Abstract 16593: Endocytosis Pathway of Kv1.5 Channels in Atrial Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Camille Barbier, Catherine Eichel, Florent Louault, Catherine Rucker-Martin, Alain Coulombe, Stéphane Hatem, Elise Balse
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Trafficking of ion channels in cardiomyocytes is a highly dynamic process which is determinant for shaping action potential (AP). In this study, we focused on the dynamic of Kv1.5 channel which carry the atria-specific potassium outward current involved in the repolarisation of the AP. We first investigated the endocytosis pathway for Kv1.5 channels in the atria. High resolution 3-D microscopy revealed that Kv1.5 channels are associated with clathrin vesicles in atrial myocytes but not with caveolin. Electron microscopy showed that vesicles are found both at the lateral sarcolemma and at the intercalated disc. Blockade of the clathrin pathway using sucrose or SiRNA induced an increase in IKur recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp and an accumulation of Kv1.5 channels at the sarcolemma as shown by biotinylation assay. Clathrin blockade also increased fluorescence recovery after photo bleaching of Kv1.5 channels. Altogether, these data show that Kv1.5 channels are internalized through the clathrin pathway. TIRF microscopy approach was used to follow eGFPKv1.5-Kv1.5 channels in living cells and to establish their dynamic in control and clathrin-blocked myocytes. Blockade of the clathrin pathway leads to a global increase of Kv1.5 channels at the membrane. Particle analysis revealed an accumulation of the channels into clusters and their stabilisation at the membrane. Our objective now is to investigate the involvement of the cytoskeleton in Kv1.5 channels endocytosis by using dyes staining tubulin or actin in live cells; and the fate of internalized channels at different time points by co-immunostainings with antibodies directed against the different endosomes. In conclusion, we have identified the clathrin pathway as the internalization route for Kv1.5 channel, in atrial myocytes. The blockade of this pathway modifies Kv1.5 channels dynamic at the membrane. Future work will be conducted to further investigate dynamic and fate of this atria-specific channel. This study should help understanding the constitution of the sub-membrane reservoir of repolarization that we previously described (Balse E., et al. 2009, PNAS).
Intensity of tennis match play
Authors: J Fernandez, A Mendez-Villanueva, B M Pluim
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

This review focuses on the characteristics of tennis players during match play and provides a greater insight into the energy demands of tennis. A tennis match often lasts longer than an hour and in some cases more than five hours. During a match there is a combination of periods of maximal or near maximal work and longer periods of moderate and low intensity activity. Match intensity varies considerably depending on the players’ level, style, and sex. It is also influenced by factors such as court surface and ball type. This has important implications for the training of tennis players, which should resemble match intensity and include interval training with appropriate work to rest ratios.
Cutaneous microemboli from hydrophilic polymer after endovascular procedures
Authors: Agnieszka K. Thompson, Margot S. Peters, Rokea A. el-Azhary, Lawrence E. Gibson, Michael B. Chang, John R. Griffin, Mark D.P. Davis, Marian T. McEvoy, Michael J. Camilleri, Alina G. Bridges
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Sustainability of Russian GLC approved projects and treatment success rate in Russian MDR-TB cohort 2010
Authors: Sergey Sterlikov, Vadim Testov, Irina Vasilyeva, Vladislav Erokhin, Teresa Kasayeva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective. To analyze sustainability of Russian GLC approved projects.  Introduction. In 2005-2010 Russian MoH with support of Global Fund (GF) Round 4 project developed infrastructure for MDR-TB diagnostics and treatment. 26 Russian regions received GLC approval and treated MDR-TB patients within GF Round 4 project. In 2010 federal budget provided regions with full set of 2nd line TB drugs. MDR-TB cohort 2010 in 26 regions included 1.638 patients treated within GF project and 2.128 patients treated only with national resources. The difference between cohort was: 1. GLC cohort included 29.2% of new MDR-TB cases against 24.2% in non GLC cohort; 2. Non GLC cohort included 24% patients with   after regimen  and 13,4% - after regimen  against 19.7% and 10.9% respectively in GLC cohort.  Results. Treatment success rate in GLC cohort comrised 49.3% against 44.7% for non GLC cohort (p=0,006). Treatment success rate for new MDR-TB cases was 60.3% for GLC cohort and 61.1% for non GLC cohort (p>0.1), for relapses - 57.2% and 46.7% (p=0,002); for group failure  after regimen I - 53.4% and 48.3% (p>0.1); for group failure  after regimen II - 46.9% and 35.8% (p=0.002) respectively. Registration group treatment after default showed the lowest  success rate - 26.2% in GLC and 26.0% in non GLC cohort )p>0.1).  Conclusion. In 2010 Russian participants of GLC project continued  of MDR-TB patients with national resourses. Treatment success rate in Russian MDR-TB cohort 2010 comprised 46,7%. Treatment success rate of new MDR-TB cases exceeded 60% but it was low for retreatment cases due to high level of defaulters an died.
Facial growth influence in the sleep apnea treatment using intraoral devices
Authors: Javier Jareño Esteban, Rafael Ecija Navarro, Carlos Gutierrez Ortega, Alejandro Coca Sanchez-Bayton, Marta Dominguez Morcillo, Milagros Hijosa Pedregosa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Nowadays intraoral appliances are indicated in patients having mild to moderate sleep apnea syndrome (SAHS). Some studies have observed relationship between SAHS and craniomandibular abnormalities. Our study9s hypothesis is, the effectiveness of the intraoral devices(DAM) in the SAHS treatment is affected by the craniofacial growth.The principal objective is, to evaluate the impact of facial growth pattern over the polisomnographic recordings using oral appliances in SAHS patients. MAT/MET:A descriptive longitudinal study,we analyzed 63 mild to moderate SAHS patients(49 males and 14 females).They underwent a polisomnographic records and they were diagnosed having mild to moderate SAHS.They were referred to odontology department to be treated with DAM. Previously lateral skull radiographs were taken to classify patients according their facial growth and we created three groups;brachyfacial (horizontal growth),mesofacial(normal growth) and dolychofacial (vertical growth).DAM used is an acrylic monoblock.RESULTS:  Brachyfacial group reduce RDI, (p