tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1974: Growth inhibition and antitumor activity of chikusetsusaponin IVa methyl ester, an oleanane-type triterpenoid from the root of <i>Acyranthes japonica</i>, in HCT 116 human colon cancer cells
Authors: Hwa Jin Chung, Lan Cho, Hyen Joo Park, Gi Dae Kim, Kyun Ho Son, Yuna Pyee, Jayoung Song, Yeong Shik Kim, Sang Kook Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Chikusetsusaponin IVa methyl ester (CSME) is an oleanane-type triterpenoid isolated from the root of Acyranthes japonica (Amaranthaceae). In the present study, the growth inhibition and antitumor activity of CSME were investigated in cultured human colon cancer cell HCT 116. CSME inhibited the proliferation of cancer cells with an IC50 value of 22.4 μM. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that CSME markedly induced the accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase and the increase of cell population in sub-G1 phase. G0/G1 cell cycle arrest by CSME was associated with the down-regulation of the expression of cyclin D1, cyclin A, CDK4, CDK2, c-myc and Rb phosphorylation. The increase of sub-G1 peak by CSME was closely correlated with the induction of apoptosis, which was evidenced by the induction of cleaved poly-(ADP ribose) polymerase, activation of caspases, and suppression of Bid and Bcl-2 expression. Treatment of CSME (0.25, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg, i.p) also effectively suppressed tumor growth in the HCT 116 implanted xenograft nude mouse model without any overt toxicity. Taken together, these findings suggest that CSME might be a potential candidate for the development of cancer chemotherapeutic agents derived from natural products. (Acknowledgement; this study was supported by a grant Studies on the Identification of the Efficacy of Biologically Active Components from Oriental Herbal Medicines from the Korea Food and Drug Administration (2010)). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1974. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1974
Clinical Practice of Blood Transfusion
Authors: Edgar H. Pierce
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This single-volume text on clinical blood transfusion has two editors and 32 additional contributing authors, each with outstanding credentials in the area of blood transfusion. The two editors have almost imperceptibly blended the multispecialty, multinational contributions into a smooth, flowing text. Drs Swisher and Petz, in their introduction, leave no doubt that the blood transfusion service is an active part of clinical medicine, and the orientation of each of the writers encourages that point of view. With concise coverage of a broad range of topics covering the biology, technology, and organization of transfusional blood services, an amazing amount of depth is present. In areas where information seems to stand somewhat alone, documentation with numerous references and a copious bibliography is evident. The topics cover areas of recent publication and discussion at meetings and include new techniques that span pheresis, in vitro testing, and blood order scheduling. In general the text
A Prospective Phase II Study of Induction Carboplatin and Vinorelbine followed by Concomitant Topotecan and Accelerated Radiotherapy (ART) in Locally Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: Samir H. Patel, Munther Ajlouni, Robert Chapman, Mei Lu, Benjamin Movsas, Jae Ho Kim
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Extensive bone marrow infiltration and abnormal free light chain ratio identifies patients with asymptomatic myeloma at high risk for progression to symptomatic disease
Authors: E Kastritis, E Terpos, L Moulopoulos, M Spyropoulou-Vlachou, N Kanellias, E Eleftherakis-Papaiakovou, M Gkotzamanidou, M Migkou, M Gavriatopoulou, M Roussou, A Tasidou, M A Dimopoulos
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Animal experiments and the doctor
Authors: P. Vallance
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

The debate on the use of animals in research tends to be polarized. At one extreme are the animal rights activists, implacably opposed to any use of animals, who cite cruelty, misguided experimentation and studies that offer nothing to scientific understanding or medical advance. These arguments are commonly targeted towards children and young adults—an influential and effective strategy. At the other extreme are scientists who proclaim how research in animals has led to important advances or cures for disease: ‘would you refuse to treat your dying child with a drug that had been tested on animals?’. Yet the medical profession as a whole has remained rather quiet. The very group that relies upon animal experimentation for the treatment it provides, and is well placed to explain the potential benefits, is perceived as having discreetly distanced itself.
Figures of Speech
Authors: Dennis J. Sullivan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Ad Libitum7 November 2000Figures of SpeechDennis J. Sullivan, MDDennis J. Sullivan, MDMiddle Village, NY 11379 (Sullivan)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-133-9-200011070-00017 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Look DocLanguage is the mirror of distortionIn this fun houseListen to yourselfFreak show white-coated wordsRendering life to lifeless metaphorIn Room 43 Colon Ca has a womanCrushed in our impressionWith clastic concentrationWe have squeezedHer story her physical studyBetween lines on pink paperAnd shatteredTo failing systems organs tissues and cellsWhat remedy can reassembleThis woman to herselfWatch your mouthWe all lose weightOn this starvation diet of synecdocheWade through our wardsYou emerge covered with bloodsucking epithetsWe are the masters of metonymyOur words become the imagesThat confront our image of ourselvesIn a menagerie of imagesOf our own creationIn the mirror of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Middle Village, NY 11379 (Sullivan)Corresponding Author: Dennis J. Sullivan, MD, 6165 82 Street, Middle Village, NY 11379. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 7 November 2000Volume 133, Issue 9Page: 740KeywordsAttentionCellsColonDietMouthStarvation ePublished: 7 November 2000 Issue Published: 7 November 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Case 13-1977
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Allan L. Friedlich, John T. Fallon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Presentation of CaseA 33-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of congenital heart disease.Intermittent cyanosis of the lips was noted in early childhood, and examination disclosed a murmur. He was seen at this hospital on three occasions before the age of seven years because of recurrent pneumonitis. An ophthalmologist found bilateral microphthalmia with blepharoptosis.Twenty-five years before admission right-sided cardiac catheterization revealed that the pressure was 60/20 mm Hg in the pulmonary artery, 60/0 mm Hg in the right ventricle, and 0 mm Hg in the right atrium. The oxygen content was 12.7 vol per cent in . . .
A STUDY OF THE PERIVASCULAR TISSUES OF THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, WITH THE SUPRAVITAL TECHNIQUE
Authors: Lawrence S. Kubie
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

1. The presence of clasmatocytes in the adventitial sheath of the blood vessels of the normal brain has been shown. Thus far, these are the only mesodermal phagocytes, the presence of which in the central nervous system has proven to be demonstrable by the supravital technique. 2. The clasmatocytes are vacuolated even normally. 3. The vacuolation increases in the clasmatocytes of the whole brain as result of a localized injury, and it increases also throughout the central nervous system in the early stages of an herpetic encephalitis, even before gross damage to nerve cells or myelin can be demonstrated. 4. The endothelial cells of blood vessels have not exhibited any signs of multiplication or of vacuolation. They have not apparently given rise to any of these phagocytes, nor taken any part in the phagocytic reaction themselves. 5. Along capillaries, the phagocytic cells are seen only rarely, and it is possible that they have wandered along these vessels from the nearby venules and arterioles. 6. Trypan blue, injected without pressure into the subarachnoid space, finds its way rapidly down the perivascular sheath and enters the clasmatocytes of the sheath, deep within the substance of the brain. From this fact may be deduced the functional patency of the perivascular channels and their continuity with the subarachnoid space. 7. Lymphocytes are seen normally in the perivascular sheath, and the presence of the large young forms along with the intermediate and the small old cells suggests that they develop in this situation and give rise to the lymphocytes of the cerebrospinal fluid by wandering out into the subarachnoid space. 8. In response to an herpetic encephalitis, as well as other injury, a huge increase in the number of lymphocytes and of clasmatocytes occurs in the perivascular tissues. 9. The multiplication of both cell types seems to begin simultaneously, but never at the same spot, any one point along a vessel exhibiting a marked preponderance of either one form or the other. 10. The resting clasmatocytes cannot readily be differentiated from any other fusiform cell in sections of fixed tissues; while the lymphocyte may appear, in such sections, as an apparently isolated small round mononuclear cell, with no visible relation to the perivascular apparatus.
Improving performance in the NHS
Authors: T. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2009)

We're glad to have you with our company. Our numberonegoalisto provide outstanding customer service. Set both your personal and professional goals high. We have great confidence in your ability to achieve them Nordstrom rules: rule number 1: use good judgment in all situations. There will be no additional rules Please feel free to askyour department manager, store manager, or division general manager any question at any time It seems too obvious to state that the performance of healthcare systems is related to the actions of clinical staff, mostiy doctors. Policy makers and health system leaders continually seek ways to optimise clinical behaviours but never seem to succeed in creating an environment where high performance is reliably achieved. Structural change, quality improvement programmes, incentives (financial and otherwise), choice and competition, integrated care, benchmarking, feedback, peer review, professional development, and myriad other tools have been tried, but none seems to have a consistent effect.1
Role of α-adrenoreceptors in cocaine-induced NADPH oxidase expression and cardiac dysfunction
Authors: M ISABELLE, C MONTEIL, F MORITZ, B DAUTREAUX, J HENRY, V RICHARD, P MULDER, C THUILLEZ
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2005)

Objective: We assessed whether α1-adrenoreceptor (α1-AR) stimulation contributes to activation of myocardial NADPH oxidase in a rat model of cocaine-induced cardiac dysfunction. Methods and results: After 7 days of cocaine injection (2 × 7.5 mg/kg/day, i.p., Coc), NADPH activity assessed by chemiluminescence increases as well as phosphorylation of p47phox, one of the cytosolic components of NADPH oxidase. The α1-AR antagonist prazosin (Prz), administered 1 h before each cocaine injection (2 × 1 mg/kg/day, i.p., Coc+Prz), prevents these effects. Moreover, Prz pretreatment reduces left ventricular/body weight (LV/BW) ratio and partially prevents the cocaine-induced alterations in fractional shortening and cardiac index assessed by echocardiography. In order to confirm the involvement of α1-AR stimulation in NADPH oxidase up-regulation in vivo, we used phenylephrine (Phe) administration with the same protocol of injections as that used with cocaine (2 × 5 μg/kg/day, i.p.). After Phe administration, as expected, NADPH oxidase activity increases as well as phosphorylation of p47phox. These effects occur in the absence of sustained hemodynamic changes. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the involvement of the α1-AR in NADPH oxidase activation and in cocaine-induced LV dysfunction. We suggest that α1-AR stimulation, at least in part via NADPH oxidase induction, plays a critical role in the events leading to the cardiomyopathy observed after cocaine abuse.
Home Accidents to Children under 15 Years: Survey of 910 Cases
Authors: R. Murdock, J. Eva
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Out of 910 accidents sustained by children under 15 seen at the casualty department of a local hospital 678 (74·5%) were to children under 5 years of age. Boys were more prone to accidents than girls, and in preschool children the highest incidence of accidents was among the 2-to 3-year-olds of both sexes. Social class had no significant bearing on the accident rate. The fact that the average size of families with children under 5 was higher among families living in council houses than among those living in private houses appeared to have some bearing on the higher incidence of accidents among children under 5 living in council houses. There appeared to be no peak month when accidents were more frequent and the incidence of accidents was not significantly high on any particular weekday. In 95% of the cases one or both parents were in charge of the child at the time of the accident. Cuts were the most common types of accident followed by falls and poisoning. Among other accidents crushed fingers were as frequent as burns. A total of 62 patients (6·8% of all cases) were admitted as inpatients. Of the actual causes of the cuts and falls playing, fighting, and misbehaving were the most common followed by falling from beds, chairs, etc. While there is a need for health education programmes to draw attention to the specific dangers evidenced there clearly will always be home accidents.
FDG PET Appearance of a Postpartum Uterus
Authors: Eugene Lin
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

A 21-year-old woman with lymphoma underwent an F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) scan for cancer follow up. She was 5 days postpartum at the time of the scan. Intense increased FDG uptake was noted corresponding to the uterus and cervix on a computed tomography (CT) scan. The patient did not have any clinical evidence of infection, retained products of conception, or other postpartum complication. A follow-up PET scan done 5months later did not demonstrate uterine activity. Diffuse intense increased uptake can be an expected finding in the postpartum uterus and does not necessarily indicate a postpartum complication.
PROJECTIVE TECHNIQUE WITH NARCOSIS
Authors: HERBERT DORKEN, MARTIN M. TUNIS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1949)

1. Recent opinions as to the action of subnarcotic doses of barbiturates on the central nervous system are summarized. Reference is made to the view that electroencephalographic studies of schizophrenic patients suggest a "disorder of neural function," i. e., an organic brain dysfunction. 2. Projective technique with narcosis was applied to 5 cases of schizophrenia. Intravenous nembutal (0.3 gm.) and caffeine sodium benzoate (0.25 gm. to 0.5 gm.) were administered. The dosages were adjusted for the individual patient as judged by clinical response. 3. Detailed analysis of the Rorschach material thus obtained revealed that: A. Narcosis is an aid to the psychological examination of the resistant or inaccessible schizophrenic patient. B. Underlying psychopathological processes are readily elicited. C. Diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic implications of this method are noted. D. Analysis of the psychological material suggests the possibility of organic brain dysfunction in the patients examined. Special thanks are extended to Dr. Reed, hospital superintendent, for his cooperation and kind permission to publish.
Dose-Response Relationship between Cooking Fumes Exposures and Lung Cancer among Chinese Nonsmoking Women
Authors: Ignatius T.S. Yu, Yuk-lan Chiu, Joseph S.K. Au, Tze-wai Wong, Jin-ling Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract The high incidence of lung cancer among Chinese females, despite a low smoking prevalence, remains poorly explained. Cooking fume exposure during frying could be an important risk factor. We carried out a population-based case-control study in Hong Kong. Cases were Chinese female nonsmokers with newly diagnosed primary lung cancer. Controls were female nonsmokers randomly sampled from the community, frequency matched by age groups. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a standardized questionnaire. The “total cooking dish-years,” categorized by increments of 50, was used as a surrogate of cooking fumes exposure. Multiple unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratios (OR) for different levels of exposure after adjusting for various potential confounding factors. We interviewed 200 cases and 285 controls. The ORs of lung cancer across increasing levels of cooking dish-years were 1, 1.17, 1.92, 2.26, and 6.15. After adjusting for age and other potential confounding factors, the increasing trend of ORs with increasing exposure categories became clearer, being 1, 1.31, 4.12, 4.68, and 34. The OR of lung cancer was highest for deep-frying (2.56 per 10 dish-years) followed by that of frying (1.47), and stir-frying had the lowest OR (1.12) among the three methods. Cumulative exposure to cooking by means of any form of frying could increase the risk of lung cancer in Hong Kong nonsmoking women. Practical means to reduce exposures to cooking fumes should be given top priority in future research. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(9): 4961-7)
Other Approaches to Primary Care Training
Authors: Anand B. Mutgi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 July 1994Other Approaches to Primary Care TrainingAnand B. Mutgi, MD, Basil E. Akpunonu, MD, and Douglas J. Federman, MDAnand B. Mutgi, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Basil E. Akpunonu, MDSearch for more papers by this author, and Douglas J. Federman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-2-199407150-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As practicing academic general internists, we believe that the perception of “The Future of Internal Medicine,” [1] although provocative, predominantly portrays a doom and gloom situation. The authors advocate a strong but separate identity for general internal medicine to increase recruitment by enhancing its status—a nonintegrated approach. We propose a more integrated approach by shedding the boundaries between general internal medicine, family medicine, and pediatrics.Why not establish student and residency programs with cross-cultural training? Residents could choose to complete 2 years of internal medicine with either 2 years of family medicine, 2 years of pediatrics, or ...REFERENCE1. Petersdorf RG, Goitein L. The future of internal medicine. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119:1130-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Anand B. Mutgi, MD; Basil E. Akpunonu, MD; Douglas J. Federman, MD PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPaediatric training for family doctors: principals and practice 15 July 1994Volume 121, Issue 2Page: 153KeywordsAcademic medicineForecastingPediatricsPerceptionResidencySub-specialty care ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Emergence of “cat scratch colon” during a colonoscopy
Authors: K. Tominaga, F. Shigiyama, S. Ito, T. Iida, S. Fujinuma, I. Maetani
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

We read with interest the article ”Cat scratch colon” by McDonnell et al. [1]. Red linear marks or parallel corkscrew lesions have been observed in the cecum and ascending colon [2] [3]. McDonnell et al. term these endoscopic findings ”cat scratch colon”, describing them as superficial breaks in the mucosa possibly secondary to barotrauma [1]. We report a case of colonoscopic barotrauma that emerged during a colonoscopy with reference to the article by McDonnell et al. [1].
Demographic characteristics of patients with severe life threatening asthma: comparison with asthma deaths.
Authors: G N Richards, J Kolbe, J Fenwick, H H Rea
Journal: Thorax (1993)

Studies of mortality from asthma have suggested that a very severe asthma attack identifies a group at greatly increased risk of subsequent death from the disease. This study compares the demographic characteristics of asthmatic patients who required management in an intensive care unit for a severe life threatening attack between 1981 and 1987 with a group who died of asthma between 1980 and 1986. The outcome of the group admitted to an intensive care unit is described.The groups comprised all cases aged between 15 and 49 years arising from the Auckland Area Health Board (AAHB) population who required admission to an intensive care unit for asthma between 1981 and 1987 (n = 413) and all deaths from asthma in those aged 15 to 49 years arising from the New Zealand population between 1980 and 1986 (n = 466). Details of age, sex, and information on the day and month of the attack were collected. For the group requiring admission to an intensive care unit, outcome in terms of mortality and readmission to intensive care was determined.The age distributions of the two groups were dissimilar, with the severe life threatening attack group having an excess of asthmatic patients under 30 years old. The distribution of events by calendar month was uniform in both groups, but there was an unexpected increase in frequency of attacks on Sundays in both groups. Over the study period, mortality fell from 5.3 per 100,000 to 3.5 per 100,000 but the admission rate to intensive care increased from 10.8 per 100,000 to 17.9 per 100,000. At least 24% of asthma deaths occurring in the AAHB region during the study period had previously experienced a severe life threatening attack.The similarities between the groups suggest that asthmatic patients who experience severe life threatening attacks are likely to come from the same subgroup of the asthma population as those who die. The group who experience severe life threatening attacks are at high risk of subsequent morbidity and mortality and further studies may produce information relevant to reducing mortality from asthma.