tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carcinogenesis of the Uterine Cervix in Mice: Effect of Diethylstilbestrol After Limited Application of 3-Methylcholanthrene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Edwin D. Murphy, M.D.
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Interrelationships between a chemical carcinogen and hormonal status in cervical carcinogenesis were investigated. No significant effect of castration or added estrogen stimulation was detected under conditions of prolonged exposure to methylcholanthrene by cervical painting or continuous exposure of the endocervical epithelium to a methylcholanthrene-coated thread. When the time of exposure to methylcholanthrene-coated threads was reduced to 4 weeks, a low incidence of cervical carcinoma appeared in castrates, providing a base line for determination of the effect of subsequent systemic treatment with estrogenic hormone. The incidence of cervical carcinoma was increased and the average latent period decreased in strains A/Sn, C3HeB/FeJ, and 129/J when systemic treatment with diethylstilbestrol followed a 4-week exposure of the castrate endocervical epithelium to a methylcholanthrene-coated thread. The incidence of carcinoma increased from 13.2 to 90.2 percent when 33 percent diethylstilbestrol-cholesterol pellets were administered. The average latent period was reduced from 12.3 to 6.7 months. Ten percent diethylstilbestrol-cholesterol pellets increased the incidence of carcinoma from 3.3 to 19.1 percent with lesser shortening of the average latent period. Plain-thread stimulation of the castrate endocervical epithelium for 4 weeks followed by 33 percent diethylstilbestrol pellets produced an incidence of 7.1 percent carcinoma in the three strains. Ten percent diethylstilbestrol pellets produced carcinoma in 1.5 percent of strain A castrates. Plain-thread stimulation for 4 weeks produced no carcinomas among 78 mice. The “promoting” action of estrogen in these experiments is discussed.
TSUTSUGAMUSHI FEVER: AGGLUTINATION REACTIONS AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN 25 CASES
Authors: Irving Greenfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1946)

Article1 February 1946TSUTSUGAMUSHI FEVER: AGGLUTINATION REACTIONS AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS IN 25 CASESIRVING GREENFIELDIRVING GREENFIELDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-24-2-192 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRickettsial diseases have been known to man for over a thousand years.1 With the advent of World War II, a large concentration of our armed forces has been on active duty in the regions of the globe where rickettsial diseases are endemic. One of these rickettsial diseases, epidemic or Old World typhus, has been the subject of concern in the past. As the result, considerable knowledge concerning it has been accumulated.2Tsutsugamushi fever, one of the other rickettsial diseases, is an acute febrile disease transmitted to man by the bite of the larval stage3of the kedani mite. Clinically, it...Bibliography1. SAMBEN LW: Parasitic ascariasis of animals and the part they play in the causation of eruptive fevers and other diseases of man. Preliminary consideration based on ecological study of typhus fever, Ann. Trop. Med., 1928, xxii, 67. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. STRONG RP: Stitt's diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of tropical diseases, 6th edition, 1943, The Blakiston Co., Philadelphia, vol. 2, p. 928. Google Scholar3. SADUSK JK: Scrub typhus, Trop. Med. News, 1944, i, 4. Google Scholar4. HAYASHI N: Etiology of tsutsugamushi diseases, Jr. Parasitol., 1920, vii, 53. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. OGATA N: Aetiologie der Tsutsugamushikrankheit, Zentralbl. f. Bakt., 1931, (Abt 1), cxxii, 249. Google Scholar6. LEWTHWAITESAVOOR RSR: Typhus group of diseases in Malaya: relation of rural typhus to tsutsugamushi disease with special reference to cross immunization tests, Brit. Jr. Exper. Path., 1936, xvii, 249. Google Scholar7. GUNTHER CE: Trembidiid larvae in New Guinea, Proc. Linneau Soc. New South Wales, 1939, lxiv. Google Scholar8. LIPPMANBYRONCASEY BLAAV: A clinical survey of scrub typhus fever, Bull. U. S. Army Med. Dept., 1944, lxxii, 63. Google Scholar9. AHLMLIPSHUTZ CEJ: Tsutsugamushi fever in the South West Pacific Theatre, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1944, cxxiv, 1095. CrossrefGoogle Scholar10. SUPFLEFISHER KH: Experiences with the Weil-Felix reaction, Arch. Hyg. Bakt., 1943, cxxix, 158. Google Scholar11. TOPPING NH: Typhus fever, Am. Jr. Trop. Med., 1944, xxiv, 158. Google Scholar12. CORBETT AJ: Scrub typhus, Bull. U. S. Army Med. Dept., No. 70: Nov. 1943, 34-54. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication June 23, 1945. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1946Volume 24, Issue 2Page: 192-202KeywordsArmed forcesAttentionFeversMitesResearch laboratoriesTyphus Issue Published: 1 February 1946 PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase III Study of Filgrastim in Remission Induction and Consolidation Therapy for Adults With De Novo Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Gerhard Heil, Dieter Hoelzer, Miguel A. Sanz, Klaus Lechner, John A. Liu Yin, Giuseppe Papa, Luc Noens, Jeff Szer, Arnold Ganser, Caroline O'Brien, James Matcham, Alan Barge
Journal: Blood (1997)
Abstract 18375: Urinary Liver Fatty-acid Binding Protein Within 24 Hours from Contrast Media Exposure May Predict Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Sei Komatsu, Satoru Takahashi, Kazuhisa Kodama
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is one of major complication of contrast medium exposure. However, few biological markers the day after contrast media exposure rapidly predict CI-AKI. Urinary liver fatty-acid binding protein (L-FABP), as a novel marker of renal ischemia and stress, has been reported to elevate in CI-AKI. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that L-FABP within 24 hours from contrast media procedure predicted CI-AKI. Methods: A total of 160 patients who underwent invasive catheterization or coronary CT angiography were examined the study. Urinary liver fatty-acid binding protein within a day after the procedure was measured. Serum creatinine level within 72 hours were compared to baseline. CI-AKI was defined as laboratory increase of serum creatinine value =25% or &gt;=0.5mg/dl from baseline at 72 hours. Results: Estimated glomerular filtration rate of all patients averaged 69±24 ml/min/1.73m2. L-FABP level averaged 11.9±27μg /gCr. On receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, cut-off value was 14.3μg /gCr and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.739 (95 % CI: 0.576-0.902, P = 0.01). Negative predictive value for predicting CI-AKI was 0.99. Conclusions: L-FABP within 24 hours from contrast media procedure may predict CI-AKI with quite high negative predictive value.
Abstract 105: Changes in NIRS-Measured Cerebral Tissue Oxygen Saturation During Hyperventilation: A Comparison Between NIRO™ and INVOS™
Authors: Tetsuo Hatanaka, Hiroshi Kaneko, Aki Nagase, Seishiro Marukawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Cerebral tissue oxygen saturation measured with transcranial near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been reported to predict neurological outcome of cardiac arrest patients. Because NIRS values are confounded by extracranial tissues, there can be considerable inter-device variation in the measured values. We compared hyperventilation-induced changes in NIRS values measured with 2 commercially available devices in healthy volunteers. Methods: After obtaining an approval from the ethics committee at Iseikai hospital and written informed consents, 29 healthy volunteers joined the study. Probes of NIRO™ 200NX (Hamamatsu Photonics, Japan) and INVOS™ 5100C (Covidien, USA) were applied respectively on the right and left side of the volunteers’ forehead. After obtaining the baseline values, the volunteers were asked to hyperventilate for 40 seconds attempting to reduce the end-tidal CO 2 by ~20 mmHg. Measurements were repeated, after 20 minutes of resting interval, with the probes applied on the contralateral sides. Hyperventilation-induced response of the NIRS value was categorized as “correct” when the average value over the 5 second period toward the end of the hyperventilation decreased by &gt;15% the baseline or “erroneous” otherwise. Results: The mean (± SD) end-tidal CO 2 decreased from the baseline value of 36 ± 5.1 mmHg to 15.2 ± 4.4 mmHg during hyperventilation. Out of 58 measurements with each of the devices, NIRO values were “correct” in 54 (93.1%) measurements, whereas INVOS values were “correct” in 32 (52.2%) measurements. NIRO presented “erroneous” values on both sides of the forehead in no volunteers whereas INVOS presented “erroneous” values in 7 (35%) of 29 volunteers. Discussion: Hyperventilation consistently decreases cerebral blood flow in healthy subjects. Thus, the results of the present study suggest that NIRS devices may fail to reflect correct changes in cerebral tissue oxygen saturation in ~7% of measurements with NIRO and in ~48% with INVOS. The bilateral “erroneous” measurements with INVOS in 7 (35%) volunteers may suggest that INVOS is subject to confounding by extracranial tissues. A potential source of confounding may include the scalp where blood flow increases during hyperventilation.
Fyn and Lyn phosphorylate the Fc receptor γ chain downstream of glycoprotein VI in murine platelets, and Lyn regulates a novel feedback pathway
Authors: Lynn S. Quek, Jean-Max Pasquet, Ingeborg Hers, Richard Cornall, Graham Knight, Michael Barnes, Margaret L. Hibbs, Ashley R. Dunn, Clifford A. Lowell, Steve P. Watson
Journal: Blood (2000)
Outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for adult patients with AML and 11q23/MLL rearrangement (MLL-r AML)
Authors: A Pigneux, M Labopin, J Maertens, C Cordonnier, L Volin, G Socié, D Blaise, C Craddock, N Milpied, U Bacher, F Malard, J Esteve, A Nagler, M Mohty
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Abstract 439: Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 promotes skin carcinogenesis
Authors: Wenjuan Li, Chunjing Zhang, Runhua Shi, Xin Gu, Yunfeng Zhao
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Mitochondrial uncoupling uncouples mitochondrial respiration and ATP production. There are five uncoupling proteins (UCPs), UCP2 is ubiquitous expressed and plays an important role in the reprogramming of cancer cell metabolism. However, little is known about at what stage of cancer development mitochondrial uncoupling occurs and what the role of UCP2 in cancer etiology. We will try to address these puzzles in present study. The well-established chemically-induced skin carcinogenesis mouse model was used and UCP2 wide-type (WT) and homozygous knockout (KO) mice were added to this study as direct evidence for the role of UCP2 during skin carcinogenesis. After forty-week treatment with chemical carcinogens, the incidence of papillomas in WT and KO TPA mice was 92.3% and 77.8%, respectively; and tumor multiplicity was 2.6 and 1.3, respectively. The incidence of carcinomas in WT and KO TPA treatment was 76.9% and 22.2%, respectively, and tumor multiplicity was 0.9 and 0.2, respectively. We next detected how the mitochondrial function and ATP generation would be changed in this model. UCP2 knockout slightly increased oxygen consumption compared with WT, whereas tumor promoter treatment suppressed oxygen consumption in both UCP2 KO and WT group. As for ATP generation, there was no significant change between WT and KO, or between vehicle and tumor promoter treatment. We next examined the mechanisms of tumor promotion by mitochondrial uncoupling by overexpressing UCP2 in JB6 P+ cells, which are the only characterized skin cell model to study tumor promotion. Anchorage-independent growth assay was performed and the results showed that overexpression of UCP2 enhanced colony formation in response to tumor promoter treatment. In addition, overexpression of UCP2 induced the upregulation of the oncoprotein Fra-1 whereas inhibited the increase in p53 expression. In summary, this study will add new knowledge to the understanding of the role of mitochondrial uncoupling in cancer etiology, and many help design a mitochondrial uncoupling-targeted approach for the suppression of cancer development. Citation Format: Wenjuan Li, Chunjing Zhang, Runhua Shi, Xin Gu, Yunfeng Zhao. Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 promotes skin carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 439. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-439
Abstract 15754: Genetically Engineered Stem Cell-Derived Model for Therapeutic Discovery in Long QT Syndrome
Authors: Jordan S Leyton-Mange, Min-Young Jang, Stacey N Lynch, Robert W Mills, Xaio Ling, Patrick T Ellinor, David J Milan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is caused by delayed ventricular repolarization and is a cause of sudden death. In a recent chemical screen with an in vivo zebrafish model of LQTS-type 2, we identified 2-methoxy-N-[4-methylphenyl] benzamide (2MMB), which shortens the ventricular action potential (Figure A). Methods: We initially used a zebrafish LQT2 model to perform a structure-activity relationship (SAR) study with 50 substituted benzanilide derivatives. We generated a human LQT-type 1 embryonic stem cell (hESC) model with a bi-allelic disruption of KCNQ1 in the hESC H7 line using CRISPR. KCNQ1-/- hESC-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CM) were electrophysiologically characterized and used to perform secondary structure activity studies for a subset of benzanilide derivatives (Figure A). Results: We observed a range of biological activities among the 50 analogs tested in the zebrafish assay, including several compounds with no activity and several that were more potent than 2MMB. Genetically engineered LQT1 hESC-CMs had diminished IKs current (Figure B) and prolonged action potentials that significantly shortened upon 2MMB treatment (Figure C). SAR studies in the LQT1 hESC-CMs confirmed improved potency for two of the compounds and lack of activity for one. A single discrepancy existed for a compound without activity in our zebrafish assay but significantly shortened action potentials in hESC-CMs. Conclusions: We report the use of a physiologically faithful genetically engineered LQT1 hESC line for therapeutic discovery in LQTS. Inclusion of hESC-CMs in future studies may complement animal testing by enabling direct screening on disease specific human tissue.
Optimization of the anti-tumor activity of tezacitabine in combination with fluoropyrimidines in human colon carcinoma cell lines and xenografts
Authors: Katherine Rendahl, Pietro Taverna, Eddie Moler, Bin Wu, Wendy Fantl, Yi Shao, Denise Pearsall, Dragana McMullen, Kim Aardalen, Barbara Hibner
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2975 

Tezacitabine (FMdC, 2’-deoxy-2’-fluoromethylene cytidine) is a nucleoside analogue characterized by a dual mechanism of action. Following intracellular phosphorylation, the FMdC diphosphate form irreversibly inhibits ribonucleotide reductase, while the FMdC triphosphate can be incorporated into DNA during replication or repair resulting in DNA chain termination. Previous clinicial and preclinical studies have shown that the sequential combination of FMdC and the fluoropyrimidine 5-FU might be an effective approach in treating solid tumors. In the present studies we demonstrate that combinations of FMdC and fluoropyrimidines are schedule dependent both in vitro and in vivo. We used response surface analysis to determine whether the combination of FMdC and 5-FU is additive, synergistic or antagonistic with a variety of treatment schedules in an HCT116 cell proliferation assay. In addition, clonogenic assays with HCT116 cells showed that 24-hour pretreatment with FMdC sensitizes the cells to 5-FU or its metabolite 5-fluoro-2’-deoxy uridine (FUdR). We also investigated the anti-tumor activity of these two classes of agents in combination. Efficacy of 5-FU and FMdC, each administered as a single bolus injection in an HCT116 xenograft model is not schedule dependent at the doses tested, and the efficacy of the combination is not significantly different from that of FMdC alone. We extended our analysis of HCT116 xenograft studies to FMdC in combination with Capecitabine, an oral prodrug of 5-FU. Capecitabine was administered daily for two weeks in combination with a single bolus injection of tezacitabine. Evaluation of tumor regression suggests a clear schedule dependence at the doses tested. This regimen of Capecitabine and FMdC is at least additive. Ongoing studies are evaluating pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic markers, and the differences in the underlying mechanisms of interaction between FMdC and 5-FU or FUDR will be presented.
Use of Samarium-153 (Quadramet) to modulate phenotype and enhance killing of tumor cells
Authors: Elizabeth K. Wansley, Mala Chakraborty, Jorge Carrasquillo, Sarah Yu, Chang Paik, Kevin Camphausen, Jeffrey Schlom, James Hodge
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4398  Samarium-153 (Quadramet) is a radiopharmaceutical used in patients to treat pain due to bone metastases in patients with prostate, breast, and lung cancers. Recent work in our lab has shown that exposing human tumor cells to sublethal doses of radiation upregulates surface molecules such as Fas (CD95) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and makes CEA+ tumor cells more susceptible to killing by CEA specific CTL. We hypothesized that treatment of human tumor cells with Sm-153 would upregulate similar surface molecules, and would result in enhanced killing by tumor specific CTL. Ten human tumor cell lines: 4 prostate, 2 breast, and 4 lung, were treated with increasing doses of Sm-153. Ninety-six hours later FACS analysis was performed for five surface molecules. Ten out of ten cell lines (100%) upregulated Fas and CEA, while 70% upregulated MUC-1, 40% upregulated MHC class I and 30% upregulated ICAM-1. We analyzed the HLA-A2 prostate cell line, LNCaP, to determine whether treatment with Sm-153 renders the tumor cells more susceptible to killing by CTL. This line demonstrated enhanced killing by tumor-specific CTL following exposure to Sm-153. These studies add rationale for the use of Sm-153 with vaccine in patients with bone metastases.
Platelet Preservation
Authors: Scott Murphy, Frank H. Gardner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Standard refrigerated storage (at 4°C) resulted in a marked shortening of the life-span of platelets labeled with 51Cr and reinfused into the original donor. Storage at ambient, room temperature (22°C) preserved a normal platelet life-span. Platelets stored at this higher temperature should be adequate for transfusion purposes for as long as 96 hours. The use of cold temperatures should be abandoned in the preparation and storage of platelets for transfusion purposes.
Inheritance of Susceptibility to Congenital Deformity—Embryonic Instability&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Meredith N. Runner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article Inheritance of Susceptibility to Congenital Deformity—Embryonic Instability Get access Meredith N. Runner Meredith N. Runner Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 3, December 1954, Pages 637–651, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.3.637 Published: 01 December 1954
Abstract 131: Cardiac Arrest Due to Cardiac Etiology: A Progress Report on the Past 20 Years in an Emergency Department in Vienna
Authors: Patrick Sulzgruber, Pia Hubner, Andreas Schober, Alexander Spiel, Thomas Uray, Raphael Van Tulder, Christian Wallmüller, Diana El-Tattan, Nikolaus Graf, Gerhard Ruzicka, Christoph Schrief, Anton N Laggner, Fritz Sterz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Based on demographic changes in the western world, the number of patients with cardiac arrest due to a cardiovascular event is continuously rising. A large variety of factors impacting on favorable neurological outcome (CPC 1-2) and the 6-month survival, are well established. The question whether the knowledge about these predictive factors result in improved outcome over the last 20 years, has not been proven within a long-term study so far. Methods: We prospectively identified 2670 patients (out-of hospital [OOH], n = 1822; in-hospital [IH], n = 848) with cardiac arrest of cardiac etiology and ventricular fibrillation as a first rhythm treated at our emergency department between January 1992 and December 2012. Chi-square test and Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test have been used to assess differences in CPC and 6-month survival within the observation-period. Results: Within our total cohort, 2189 patients (82.0%) survived the initial event. After a follow-up period of 6 months, 1007 patients (46%) with ROSC deceased. A favorable CPC (1-2) after 6 months has been detected in 1197 patients (54.7%). Within the last 20 years there was an improvement of favorable neurological outcome (CPC 1-2) (p&lt;0.001) and as well a reduction of 6-month mortality rates (p=0.004). Independently in patients with IH cardiac arrest, 78.5% (n=666) survived the initial event, but the 6-month survival rate (n=381, 57.2%) and the favorable CPC outcome (n=443, 66.5%) were approximately higher. Independently within IH cardiac arrest patients a reduction of 6-month mortality rates (p=0.048) was found. Still there were constantly high rates of favorable neurological outcome (CPC 1-2) after 6 months, but there was no improvement within the past 20 years (p=0.665). Conclusion: We were able to demonstrate, that outcome of patients with cardiac arrest of a cardiac etiology has improved significantly within the last 20 years. This gives the impression, that critical care medicine on a high level for patients with cardiac arrest even in the emergency department could be important for outcome. If such specific cardiac arrest centers merged with emergency departments prove to be valuable for ideal patient care has to be further evaluated in detail.