tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN OLD AGE
Authors: Leo M. Taran, Milton Kaye
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1944)

Article1 June 1944ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN OLD AGELEO M. TARAN, M.D., MILTON KAYE, M.D.LEO M. TARAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MILTON KAYE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-20-6-954 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOne hundred and two men and women, 60 to 90 years of age inclusive, were studied electrocardiographically. These cases were chosen from a large group of inmates of a home for aged people. All men and women who had any complaints which may be interpreted as cardiovascular in nature were excluded from this study. None of these cases had a definite or equivocal history of heart disease. All our cases were ambulatory and not debilitated senile subjects. It is the purpose of this paper to present the results of this study.There were 46 males and 56 females in the...Bibliography1. ASCHOFF L: Krankheiten des Greisenalters, zur normalen und pathologischen Anatomie des Greisenalters, Med. Klin., 1937, xxxiii, 353. Google Scholar2. PARDEEPRICE HEL: Relation of myocardial disease to abnormalities of the ventricular complex of the electrocardiogram, Am. Heart Jr., 1938, xv, 28. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. WILLIUS FA: The heart in old age, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1931, clxxxii, 1. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. GELMANBROWN TS: Electrocardiographical characterization of the heart in old age and childhood, Acta med. Scandinav., 1937, xci, 378. Google Scholar5. WARNECKE B: Elektrocardiographische Untersuchungen auscheinend Hertzgesundes, die das 65 Lebensjahr überschritten haben, Ztschr. f. Kreislaufforsch., 1939, xxxi, 391. Google Scholar6. LEVITT G: The electrocardiogram in the aged, Am. Heart Jr., 1939, xviii, 692. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, New York*Received for publication December 3, 1942.This study was made at the Brooklyn Hebrew Home and Hospital for the Aged. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byElectrocardiographic findings in patients >100 years of age without clinical evidence of cardiac diseaseElectrocardiogram in the aged: An independent marker of heart disease?Electrocardiographic findings in the agedUntersuchungsmethodenThe normal variability of the electrocardiogram as a basis for differentiation between “normal” and “abnormal” in clinical electrocardiographyCARDIAC FAILURE IN A "NORMAL" HEART*THEODORE H. NOEHREN, M.D., FRANK W. MCKEE, M.D.Multiple lead electrocardiograms in angina pectorisThe T wave of the precordial electrocardiogram at different age levels 1 June 1944Volume 20, Issue 6Page: 954-960KeywordsCardiovascular therapyElectrocardiography ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1944 PDF downloadLoading ...
Increasing the density of nanomedicines improves their ultrasound-mediated delivery to tumours
Authors: Steven Mo, Robert Carlisle, Richard Laga, Rachel Myers, Susan Graham, Ryan Cawood, Karel Ulbrich, Leonard Seymour, Constantin-C Coussios
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)

Nanomedicines have provided fresh impetus in the fight against cancer due to their selectivity and power. However, these agents are limited when delivered intravenously due to their rapid clearance from the bloodstream and poor passage from the bloodstream into target tumours. Here we describe a novel stealthing strategy which addresses both these limitations and thereby demonstrate that both the passive and mechanically-mediated tumour accumulation of the model nanomedicine adenovirus (Ad) can be substantially enhanced. In our strategy gold nanoparticles were thoroughly modified with 2kDa polyethyleneglycol (PEG) and then linked to Ad via a single reduction-cleavable 5kDa PEG. The resulting Ad-gold-PEG construct was compared to non-modified Ad or conventionally stealthed Ad-poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide] (Ad-PHPMA). Notably, although Ad-gold-PEG was of similar size and surface charge to Ad-PHPMA the increase in density, resulting from the inclusion of the gold nanoparticles, provided a substantial enhancement of ultrasound-mediated transport. In an in vitro tumour mimicking phantom, the level and distance of Ad-gold-PEG transport was shown to be substantially greater than achieved with Ad-PHPMA. In in vivo studies 0.1% of an unmodified Ad dose was shown to accumulate in tumours, whereas over 12% of the injected dose was recovered from the tumours of mice treated with Ad-gold-PEG and ultrasound. Ultimately, a significant increase in anti-tumour efficacy resulted from this strategy. This stealthing and density-increasing technology could ultimately enhance clinical utility of intravenously delivered nanoscale medicines including viruses, liposomes and antibodies.
Dosing Recommendations for New Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Jörg Kreuzer, Klaus Dugi
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Practitioners of evidence based care
Authors: G. H Guyatt
Journal: BMJ (2000)

High quality health care implies practice that is consistent with the best evidence. An intuitively appealing way to achieve such evidence based practice is to train clinicians who can independently find, appraise, and apply the best evidence (whom we call evidence based practitioners). Indeed, we ourselves have advocated this approach.1 Now, however, we want to highlight the limitations of this strategy and suggest two complementary alternatives.

The skills needed to provide an evidence based solution to a clinical dilemma include defining the problem; constructing and conducting an efficient search to locate the best evidence; critically appraising the evidence; and considering that evidence, and its implications, in the context of patients' circumstances and values. Attaining these skills requires intensive study and frequent, time consuming, application.

After a decade of unsystematic observation of an internal medicine residency programme committed to systematic training of evidence based practitioners,1 we have concluded—consistent …
Abstract 11342: Local MicroRNA Modulation is Feasible: A Novel Anti-Mir-21-Eluting Stent Prevents In-Stent Restenosis
Authors: Dong Wang, Tobias Deuse, Mandy Stubbendorff, Ekaterina Chernogubova, Reinhold G Erben, Suzanne M Eken, Hong Jin, Martin W Bergmann, Boris Behnisch, Hermann Reichenspurner, Robert C Robbins, Philip S Tsao, Lars Maegdefessel, Sonia Schrepfer
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Despite enormous advances in stent technology for coronary artery interventions, the major limitation of these procedures remains the occurrence of in-stent restenosis (ISR) due to myointimal hyperplasia (MH). The central role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in molecular pathophysiology of MH in cardiovascular diseases may offer attractive concepts for possible therapeutic interventions. However, since systemic miRNA modulation is feared to cause substantial off-target effects, this would hamper its clinical use. For the first time, we herein report on the feasibility of local miRNA modulation using stent coating.   Methods and Results:  A humanized animal model for MH/ISR was utilized. Briefly, balloon-injured IMAs with or without stent were implanted into the abdominal aortic position of RNU-rats for 28 days. miRNA profiling in both the human samples and our humanized experimental model showed down-regulation of 7 miRNAs in vessels with MH/ISR, whereas only miR-21 was upregulated.  Initially, therapeutic miR-21 down-regulation was attempted using intravenous application of FAM-tagged-LNA-anti-miRNA-21 (anti-miRNA-21) in our humanized MH-model utilizing non-stented IMAs. Both vascular miRNA-21 expression and luminal obliteration were dose-dependently reduced. miRNA-21 expression in liver, heart, lung and kidney were also significantly reduced, while serum creatinine was increased. Systemic anti-miRNA-21, however, did not impede vessel re-endothelialization.  Successful stent coating with anti-miRNA-21 was confirmed by FAM fluorescence and electron microscopy. In our humanized ISR-model, IMAs carrying anti-miRNA-21-coated stents were compared to IMAs with equivalent bare metal stents. Local delivery of anti-miRNA-21 effectively reduced ISR. Luminal obliteration in anti-miR-21-eluting stents was significantly less than in bare metal stents. We did not observe off-target effects with local anti-miRNA-21 delivery.   Conclusion:  This is the first study to demonstrate the efficacy of a drug-eluted stent utilizing miRNA antisense in cardiovascular disease in general, and reduction of ISR with anti-21 in particular.
Association between HLA-B*58:01 allele and severe cutaneous adverse reactions with allopurinol in Han Chinese in Hong Kong
Authors: M.L.S. Chiu, M. Hu, M.H.L. Ng, C.K. Yeung, J.C-Y. Chan, M.M. Chang, S.H. Cheng, L. Li, B. Tomlinson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Allopurinol has been reported as a common cause of severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs). Recent studies in various populations suggest that HLA-B*58:01 is a strong genetic marker for allopurinol-induced SCAR, especially in populations with a high frequency of HLA-B*58:01.To confirm the association link between HLA-B*58:01 and hypersensitivity reactions attributed to allopurinol use in Han Chinese patients in Hong Kong.We performed a case-control study to investigate whether the HLA-B*58:01 allele predisposes to allopurinol-induced SCAR in Han Chinese patients in Hong Kong. The HLA-B*58:01 genotyping was performed in 20 patients with allopurinol-induced SCAR or erythema multiforme major (EMM; n = 1) and in 30 patients tolerant to allopurinol.All of the 19 patients with allopurinol-induced SCAR examined but not the patient with EMM carried HLA-B*58:01 whereas only four (13%) of the control patients had this allele. The positive rate of the HLA-B*58:01 was significantly higher in the cases than in the allopurinol-tolerant control group [odds ratio (OR) 123·5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 12·8-1195·1; P < 1 × 10(-4) ] and was even higher after removal of the patient with EMM (OR 229·7, 95% CI 11·7-4520·4). The sensitivity and specificity of the HLA-B*58:01 allele for prediction of allopurinol-induced SCAR were 100% and 86·7%, respectively.This study confirmed the strong association between the HLA-B*58:01 and allopurinol-induced SCAR in Hong Kong Han Chinese patients. A screening test for the HLA-B*58:01 allele should effectively reduce the risk for allopurinol-induced SCAR in Chinese populations.
FACTORS INFLUENCING OPERATIVE MORTALITY IN EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER
Authors: Willard O. Thompson, Samuel G. Taylor, Karl A. Meyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1934)

Article1 September 1934FACTORS INFLUENCING OPERATIVE MORTALITY IN EXOPHTHALMIC GOITERWILLARD O. THOMPSON, M.D., F.A.C.P., SAMUEL G. TAYLOR III, M.D., KARL A. MEYER, M.D.WILLARD O. THOMPSON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, SAMUEL G. TAYLOR III, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KARL A. MEYER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-8-3-350 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past 50 years much has been written about the surgical management of patients with toxic goiter. Just before the introduction of iodine 12 years ago, the operative mortality had shown a steady reduction with increasing experience until, in the best clinics, it varied from 1 to 4 per cent. Not only had the mortality as a whole shown a marked reduction, but the mortality record of every thyroid surgeon had shown a marked decrease as his experience increased. This drop in the mortality rate may be attributed to two factors: (1) increase in surgical skill and improvement in...References1. THOMPSON WO: Factors of importance in treatment of exophthalmic goiter, Illinois Med. Jr., 1932, lxii, 520-528. Google Scholar2. WARTHIN AS: Constitutional entity of exophthalmic goiter and so-called toxic adenoma, ANN. INT. MED., 1928, ii, 553-570. Google Scholar3. THOMPSONTHOMPSON WOPK: Exophthalmic goiter; development of refractoriness to iodine, Arch. Int. Med., 1931, xlviii, 351-376. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. THOMPSONBRAILEYTHOMPSONTHORP WOAGPKEG: Range of effective iodine dosage in exophthalmic goiter; effect on basal metabolism of rest and of daily administration of one drop of compound solution of iodine, Arch. Int. Med., 1930, xlv, 261-281. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. LERMANMEANS JJH: Iodine in exophthalmic goiter; comparison of effect of ethyl iodide and potassium iodide with that of Lugol's solution, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1931, clxxxi, 745-755. Google Scholar6. LAHEY FH: Management of post-thyroidectomy complications, Surg. Clin. N. Am., 1928, viii, 13-26. Google Scholar7. RICHTER HM: Thyroidectomy, Surg., Gynec. and Obst., 1929, xlix, 67-75. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Read at the Chicago meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 20, 1934.From the Department of Medicine, Rush Medical College, the Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Medical School, and the Cook County and Presbyterian Hospitals, Chicago. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe Results of Surgical Treatment in Graves's Disease 1 September 1934Volume 8, Issue 3Page: 350-359KeywordsDeath ratesHospital medicineMortalitySurgeonsSurgeryThyroid Issue Published: 1 September 1934 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract P227: Higher HIV Viral Load in HIV Positive Patients with Hyperglycemia in Miami, Florida
Authors: Alicia Sneij, Adriana Campa, Emir Veledar, Sabrina S Martinez, Yinghui Li, Marianna K Baum
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction:  Hyperglycemia is associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and depressed innate immunity, but it is also induced by trauma, infections and stress. Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) is necessary for the control of HIV viral load and delayed disease progression, but hyperglycemia has been identified as one of the side-effects of some of the antiretroviral medications, namely the protease inhibitors. However, further research is needed to identify possible sources of hyperglycemia in HIV infection.   Hypothesis:  Hyperglycemia is directly associated with HIV disease progression measured by CD4 cell count and viral load, and with the use of protease inhibitors (PI).   Methods:  Secondary analysis was conducted on the de-identified observational database from a subset (n=270 participants) of the Miami Adult Studies in HIV (MASH) cohort. The variables analyzed were fasting glucose levels, receiving cART, use of protease inhibitors (PIs), age, gender, parameters of disease progression (CD4 cell count and HIV viral load), and anthropometries (height, weight, waist/hip circumference) at baseline. Patients were categorized into the hyperglycemic group (fasting blood glucose ≥110mg/dL) and normal fasting glucose group (   Results:  Of the total of 270 HIV infected participants, 32 participants had hyperglycemia. There were no significant differences in the use of protease inhibitors between the participants who had hyperglycemia and those who had normal glucose levels (P=0.980). In regression models, hyperglycemia was strongly associated with HIV viral load (Beta= 5.02, SE=4.6, P=0.0082) when compared to the participants with normal blood glucose levels. This relationship remained significant after controlling for age, gender, CD4 cell counts and albumin levels (P=0.0078). There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, gender, ethnicity, BMI, and CD4 cell count.   Conclusions:  The relationship between higher HIV viral load and hyperglycemia, although novel, is not surprising, because hyperglycemia has been found in several types of acute responses to critical illnesses. Implementing interventions to improve HIV viral control and prevent and treat hyperglycemia in this population is critical for the long-term management of the disease.
Abstract 17318: Defining the Minimal Detectable Within-Person Change in Life’s Simple 7 (LS7) Scores
Authors: Monika M Safford, Mary Cushman, Nicole R Redmond, George Howard, Paul Muntner
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  In 2010, the AHA developed LS7 as a metric to define ideal cardiovascular (CV) health. LS7 is being used to track health over time. However, data on discriminating within-person change in LS7 scores over time from random variability are limited.   Hypothesis:  We determined the minimal detectable within-person change in LS7 using data from the subset of Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey participants who completed two study examinations.   Methods:  Each LS7 component (cigarette smoking, physical activity, diet, body mass index, blood pressure (BP), cholesterol and glucose) was determined during an interview or study visit and re-assessed at the second clinic examination conducted a median of 17 days later (range 3-48 days). We included 613 participants without a history of CV disease. Each LS7 component was assigned a score of 0 (ideal), 1 (intermediate) and 2 (poor) and these scores were summed to achieve an overall score ranging from 7 (better health) to 21 (worse health).   Results:  For the overall population, the mean LS7 score was identical at each visit (13.5 SD+2.2). Overall, 54% of participants had no change in their LS7 score and 20%, 5% and    Conclusions:  In conclusion, within-person changes on LS7 of >3 points over time may represent a real change in health.
Effects of a Growth Inhibitor and Other Factors on the Phosphoprotein Phosphatase of Tumor-bearing Rats
Authors: Robert N. Feinstein, Murray E. Volk
Journal: Cancer Research (1950)

1.  Phosphoprotein phosphatase, the enzyme splitting inorganic phosphorus directly from phosphoprotein without preliminary proteolysis, has been assayed in tumor, spleen, and liver of animals undergoing a variety of treatments.

2.  Starvation was found to increase the enzyme activity in tumor, spleen, and liver.

3.  Treatment of the tumor-bearing rat with the potent growth inhibitor, 4-dimethylaminostilbene hydrochloride, reduces the activity of the liver but not of the spleen; on the other hand, treatment of the tumor-free rat with the stilbene compound reduces the activity of the spleen but not of the liver.

4.  There is a considerable difference in the enzyme activity of the tumor, but not of the liver or spleen, between Maguran and Sprague-Dawley rats.
Age, prognostic impact of <scp>QRS</scp> prolongation and left bundle branch block, and utilization of cardiac resynchronization therapy: findings from 14 713 patients in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry
Authors: Lars H. Lund, Lina Benson, Marcus Ståhlberg, Frieder Braunschweig, Magnus Edner, Ulf Dahlström, Cecilia Linde
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
928. Hypoxia-Regulated Heme Oxygenase-1 Vector Confers Cardioprotection Against Ischemic Damage
Authors: Louis-Georges Guy, Yoshihisa Morimoto, Sandra Iacampo, Anouk S. Fortin, Bryce H. Davis, Guy Leclerc, Doris A. Taylor
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Background: Successful improvement of cardiac function after transplanting skeletal myoblasts into myocardial scar has moved this treatment into clinical trials. A major limitation of this experimental treatment is the death of cells in the hypoxic infarct milieu. Thus, factors which improve angiogenesis and cell survival might increase its efficacy. EPAS1 is a Hypoxia Inducible Factor that regulates genes induced by low oxygen tension, such as the angiogenic factor Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). The hypothesis of this study is that EPAS1 gene transfer will improve the angiogenic potential of myoblasts in myocardial scar and thus the efficacy of the treatment. Methods: Human skeletal myoblasts were transduced with an adenovirus expressing EPAS1 and VEGF was measured by ELISA. Microarrays were used to document the profile of gene induction. Myoblasts and EPAS1 modified myoblasts were implanted into incryoinjured left ventricle of immunodeficient mice (N=8 per group). Cardiac function was assessed at day 0 and 28 by magnetic resonance imaging. Fluorescent lectin was infused in the circulation prior to sacrifice and vessels in scar were evaluated by histology. Results: There was a 20-fold VEGF induction upon EPAS1 gene transfer. Other angiogenic genes (PlGF, IL-8, and LIF) and cardioprotective genes (LIF-R, cardiotrophin 1 and adrenomedullin) were also induced by EPAS1. Vessel density and cardiac function improvement were superior in the EPAS1 modified myoblasts group. Conclusions: EPAS1 gene transfer increases the expression of angiogenic and cardioprotective genes and enhances the functional impact of myoblasts in scar, presumably by promoting angiogenesis and cell survival (See Figure 1).
Multiple acral fibromas in a patient with familial retinoblastoma: a cutaneous marker of tumour-suppressor gene germline mutation?
Authors: O. Dereure, D. Savoy, F. Doz, C. Junien, J-J. Guilhou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

We report a 40-year-old patient with familial retinoblastoma also affecting his elder son, who developed multiple fibromas on the periungual or subungual areas of all the fingers. Molecular analysis disclosed a loss of heterozygosity for the RB1 gene in the larger tumour, with disappearance of the normal allele and persistence of the mutated allele only. The similarity of this observation with distal fibrous tumours encountered in other diseases with germline mutations of tumour-suppressor genes such as neurofibromatosis type 1, tuberous sclerosis and multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 led to the hypothesis that multiple acral benign tumours with a fibrous component might be a cutaneous marker of tumour suppressor gene germline mutation with low sensitivity but high specificity.