tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synovial Fluid in Sarcoid Arthritis
Authors: BASIL VARKEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Letters1 October 1974Synovial Fluid in Sarcoid ArthritisBASIL VARKEY, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)BASIL VARKEY, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-81-4-557_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Characteristics of synovial fluid in sarcoid arthritis have not been well defined (1). Bloody (2) or purulent (3) synovial fluid and leukocyte counts of 26 000 and 1020/mm3 with neutrophil preponderance (1, 4) were reported in sarcoid arthritis of more than a year's duration. Mucin clot was normal in two instances (4), and absence of crystals was noted in two patients (1, 2). In one patient with sarcoid arthritis of less than a month's duration, the fluid had "numerous white cells" and a protein level of 4.42 g/100 ml (5).Because of the paucity of data on...References1. SILTZBACHDUBERSTEIN LJ: Arthritis in sarcoidosis. Clin Orthrop 57:31-50, 1968 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. BJARNASONFORRESTERSWEZEY DDR: Destructive arthritis of the large joints: a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 55:618-622, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. CASTELLANOSGALAN AE: Sarcoidosis (Besnier-Boeck-Schaumann's disease). Report of a case in a child simulating Still's disease. Am J Dis Child 71:513-529, 1946 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SOKOLOFFBUNIM LJ: Clinical and pathological studies of joint involvement in sarcoidosis. N Engl J Med 260:841-847, 1959 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KAPLAN H: Sarcoid arthritis with response to colchicine: report of two cases. N Engl J Med 263:778-781, 1960 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Medicine The Medical College of Wisconsin Wood Veterans Hospital Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53193 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySarcoidosis presenting with and without Löfgren's syndrome: Clinical, radiological and behavioral differences observed in a group of 691 patientsSynovitis with non-specific histological changes in synovium in chronic sarcoidosis. 1 October 1974Volume 81, Issue 4Page: 557-557KeywordsArthritisCellsNeutrophilsProteinsSynovial fluid Issue Published: 1 October 1974 PDF downloadLoading ...
Atrial natriuretic peptide protects against acute ischemic renal failure in the rat.
Authors: S G Shaw, P Weidmann, J Hodler, A Zimmermann, A Paternostro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Because of its ability to increase glomerular filtration, antagonize the actions of vasoconstrictors, and produce vasodilation, alpha human atrial natriuretic peptide (alpha-hANP) was evaluated for its potentially beneficial effects in experimental ischemic renal failure induced by 45-60 min of renal artery occlusion in bilaterally or unilaterally renally intact Sprague-Dawley rats. After ischemia, a 4-h intrarenal infusion of alpha-hANP restored 14C-inulin clearances in bilaterally and unilaterally intact animals from 0.05 +/- 0.006 and 0.05 +/- 0.01 ml/min per 100 g to 0.314 +/- 0.04 and 0.25 +/- 0.01 ml/min per 100 g, respectively (P less than 0.001, n = 8), compared with normal values of 0.49 +/- 0.023 ml/min per 100 g. Histologically, there was a progressive decrease in medullary hyperemia and prevention of intratubular cell shedding and granulocyte margination as a result of the 4-h alpha-hANP infusion such that after 24 and 48 h the histological appearance of the tissue was essentially normal. The results show that a 4-h intrarenal infusion of alpha-hANP after renal ischemia can preserve glomerular filtration rate and reduce renal tissue damage.
Predictors of Treatment Response for Depression and Inadequate Social Support – The ENRICHD Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Marie J. Cowan, Kenneth E. Freedland, Matthew M. Burg, Patrice G. Saab, Marston E. Youngblood, Carol E. Cornell, Lynda H. Powell, Susan M. Czajkowski
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Objective:&lt;/i&gt; To determine whether the ‘dose’ of treatment exposure, delivery of specific components of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT), patient adherence and/or use of antidepressants predict favorable depression and social support outcomes after 6 months of cognitive behavioral treatment. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Secondary analyses of the intervention arm of the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) clinical trial involving persons with acute myocardial infarction (MI): n = 641 for the depression outcomes and n = 523 for the social support outcomes. The outcome measures were, for depression: the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D); for social support: the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Better depression outcomes (measured by the BDI) were receiving a high number of depression-specific intervention components, p &lt; 0.01, and completing a high proportion of homework assignments, p &lt; 0.02. Better depression outcomes (measured by the HAM-D) were receiving a high number of the social communication and assertiveness components of the intervention, p &lt; 0.01, and completing a high proportion of homework assignments, p &lt; 0.01. Better social support outcomes (measured by the ESSI and PSSS) were predicted by membership in a racial or ethnic minority group, p &lt; 0.02 and p &lt; 0.01, respectively; and by completing a higher number of homework assignments, p &lt; 0.01 and p &lt; 0.05, respectively. Delivery of the social communication and assertiveness components of the intervention was an independent predictor of a worse social support outcome, p &lt; 0.01 (measured by the PSSS). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The standard components of CBT for depression are useful in treating comorbid depression in post-MI patients. Working on communication skills may help to improve depression but not necessarily social support outcomes in this patient population, while adherence to cognitive-behavioral homework assignments is important for both outcomes. Other components of the ENRICHD intervention that were designed to improve social support had no discernible effects on outcomes. Intervention refinements may be needed in order to achieve better results in future post-MI clinical trials. A greater emphasis on CBT homework adherence could improve both depression and social support outcomes.
Sternal malformation/vascular dysplasia syndrome with linear hypopigmentation
Authors: J. Mazereeuw-Hautier, S. Syed, J.I. Harper
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

We report a 7-year-old boy who presented with a facial haemangioma, a circumscribed depression over the sternum, coarctation of the aorta, ventricular septal defect and dysplastic cerebral arteries responsible for an episode of acute infarct. This combination of clinical features has been described as the sternal malformation/vascular dysplasia syndrome or PHACES syndrome. At the age of 5 years, lines of hypopigmentation were noted on the right arm, the right hand and the back, along the lines of Blaschko, with no history of any preceding inflammatory changes, and have persisted unchanged. These pigmentary changes have not previously been reported in association with this syndrome.
Hyposensitization Therapy In Ragweed Hay Fever
Authors: Francis M. Rackemann
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> As I read the paper by Drs. Fontana, Holt, and Mainland, "Effectiveness of Hyposensitization Therapy in Ragweed Hay-Fever in Children" (<b>195</b>:985, 1966), I was pleased to find that a comment on it had already been made by Drs. Francis C. Lowell and William Franklin in LETTERS (p 1071). The refutation of this criticism by he authors is also published. I agree heartily with your editorial (p 1054), that it was highly desirable to publish the article and the criticism at the same time. I, too, am constrained to make a comment about the treatment of hay fever. I agree, of course, that in spite of careful study, analysis of results is always difficult. Fontana et al present a series of seven pairs of graphs which record the changes in eye symptoms, nasal symptoms, and pill consumption, expressed first as percentage of total days of the ragweed
Catecholamine Modulation of Rapid Potassium Shifts during Exercise
Authors: Mark E. Williams, Ernest V. Gervino, Robert M. Rosa, Lewis Landsberg, James B. Young, Patricio Silva, Franklin H. Epstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Plasma potassium rises during muscular exercise and falls rapidly when exercise is stopped. Since the sympathoadrenal system is stimulated with exertion and both α- and β-adrenergic agonists affect internal potassium homeostasis, we studied the influence of catecholamines on potassium shifts during and after exercise. Six healthy subjects were given maximal exercise stress tests under three conditions: with no medication (control), during β-blockade with propranolol, and during α-blockade with phentolamine. Compared with a peak rise in plasma potassium of 1.23±0.27 mmol per liter (mean ±S.E.M.) during the control study, propranolol caused a rise of 1.89±0.35 (P<0.01) and a sustained elevation during recovery. Phentolamine diminished the rise of potassium (0.70+0.21 mmol per liter; P<0.01) and lowered the potassium level throughout recovery. These effects of catecholamines were independent of the venous pH, the plasma bicarbonate and serum glucose levels, and urinary potassium excretion, and they did not appear to be due to insulin. High norepinephrine and epinephrine levels confirmed the release of catecholamines capable of stimulating α- and β-receptors. Exercise work did not differ among the groups. β-Adrenergic receptors appear to moderate the acute hyperkalemia of exercise, whereas α-adrenergic receptors act to enhance hyperkalemia and may protect against hypokalemia when exertion ceases. (N Engl J Med 1985; 312:823–7.)
Inequality among men in standardised years of potential life lost, 1970-93
Authors: D. Blane, F. Drever
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Information was published last year about the social class distribution of premature deaths in England and Wales during 1991-3. 1 We analysed these deaths in terms of standardised years of potential life lost, a measure that takes account of the age at death as well as death itself.We considered only men of working age because of the importance of this group to policy. 2
Chronic Renal Failure in Children Treated with Methyl CCNU
Authors: William E. Harmon, Harvey J. Cohen, Eveline E. Schneeberger, Warren E. Grupe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

METHYL CCNU (1- [2-chloroethyl] -3-[4-methyl cyclohexylj-1-nitrosourea) has been used to treat a variety of solid tumors1 2 3 for more than six years.4 It has been shown to be effective and to have...
GPs and primary care trusts are given advice on commissioning
Authors: Geoff Watts
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) has published six new evidence based guides on commissioning services. This more than doubles the number of topics in such guidance for NHS staff who are responsible for costing and arranging new or improved services.

The new topics are memory assessment, hysterectomy, endometrial ablation, female urinary incontinence, intrauterine devices, bariatric surgery, and the intrauterine system for contraception and for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding. The guides offer a way of implementing the recommendations on evidence based care found in NICE’s …
Pertussis Antigens That Abrogate Bacterial Adherence and Elicit Immunity
Authors: Michael J. Brennan, Roberta D. Shahin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Infectious disease processes follow the initial steps of adherence of the organism to host tissues and subsequent colonization of the target tissues that can occur through specific adhesion-receptor systems. Bordetella pertussis, the human pathogen that causes whooping cough, has evolved a genetically controlled system whereby adhesins are expressed when they enter the human host. Two adhesins, filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin, mediate the adherence of the bacterium to eukaryotic cells through varied attachment mechanisms, including lectin-like binding sites that interact with sulfated sugars on cell surface glycoconjugates and the ARG-GLY-ASP binding sequence, which recognizes a family of integrins found on the cell surface. The differential expression of relevant receptors by various eukaryotic cells likely plays a role in the pathogenesis and immune response to the bacterium by the host, directing the organism to specific cell types and to specific tissue sites. Substantial evidence exists that the B. pertussis adhesins, FHA and pertactin, elicit immune responses that are protective in animal models for the disease, including serum antibody production and local immune responses in the respiratory tract following nasal administration of encapsulated antigens. Both of these adhesins are components of new acellular pertussis vaccines that have proven safe and highly effective for prevention of serious disease in infants.
Allelic loss underlies type 2 segmental Hailey-Hailey disease, providing molecular confirmation of a novel genetic concept
Authors: Pamela Poblete-Gutiérrez, Tonio Wiederholt, Arne König, Frank K. Jugert, Yvonne Marquardt, Albert Rübben, Hans F. Merk, Rudolf Happle, Jorge Frank
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Hailey-Hailey disease (HHD) is an autosomal dominant trait characterized by erythematous and oozing skin lesions preponderantly involving the body folds. In the present unusual case, however, unilateral segmental areas along the lines of Blaschko showing a rather severe involvement were superimposed on the ordinary symmetrical phenotype. Based on this observation and similar forms of mosaicism as reported in other autosomal dominant skin disorders, we postulated that in such cases, 2 different types of segmental involvement can be distinguished. Accordingly, the linear lesions as noted in the present case would exemplify type 2 segmental HHD. In the heterozygous embryo, loss of heterozygosity occurring at an early developmental stage would have given rise to pronounced linear lesions reflecting homozygosity or hemizygosity for the mutation. By analyzing DNA and RNA derived from blood and skin samples as well as keratinocytes of the index patient with various molecular techniques including RT-PCR, real-time PCR, and microsatellite analysis, we found a consistent loss of the paternal wild-type allele in more severely affected segmental skin regions, confirming this hypothesis for the first time, to our knowledge, at the molecular and cellular level.
Feasibility of serial intracoronary ultrasound imaging for assessment of progression of intimal proliferation in cardiac transplant recipients.
Authors: F J Pinto, A Chenzbraun, J Botas, H A Valantine, F G St Goar, E L Alderman, S N Oesterle, J S Schroeder, R L Popp
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Serial quantitative coronary angiography is used to assess progression of coronary disease; however, pathology studies have demonstrated angiographic insensitivity for determining atheroma. Intracoronary ultrasound (ICUS) can define and measure the components of the arterial wall and offers the potential for precise quantitative assessment of disease progression on serial examinations. The present study was done to test the feasibility of serially assessing intimal proliferation at the same coronary site with ICUS imaging in cardiac transplant recipients. METHODS AND RESULTS ICUS imaging was done with a 30-MHz, 5F or 4.3F ultrasound imaging catheter at the time of angiography in 70 cardiac allografts (3.8 sites per patient) initially and 1 year later. Mean intimal thickness (IT), luminal area (LA), and total area (TA) of lumen plus intima and an index of intimal thickness (II = TA - LA/TA) were measured at each site. Additionally, vessels were graded using a scale incorporating criteria of intimal thickness and circumferential involvement. Side-by-side comparisons of paired angiograms were performed both to verify the similarity of ICUS imaging site and to detect new angiographic abnormalities. At least one site could be assessed serially by ICUS in 100% of patients, but only 189 of the original 263 coronary sites (72%) (2.7 sites per patient) could be matched satisfactorily on the second study. Thirty-nine patients (56%) had mild IT and 31 patients (44%) had moderate or severe IT on the initial study. Both groups showed the same IT progression the following year (delta = 0.05 +/- 0.13 versus 0.07 +/- 0.15 mm; P = NS). Twenty-seven of the 70 patients (39%) showed progression by ICUS. The 23 patients with ICUS progression and angiographically normal vessels had the same progression in intimal thickening as the 4 patients with ICUS progression but showing angiographic disease (delta = 0.17 +/- 0.13 versus 0.22 +/- 0.10 mm; P = NS). CONCLUSIONS Replication of the intracoronary imaging site by judgment of two observers at an initial study and at a second study 1 year later was possible in at least one vessel site in 100% of the 70 patients and in 72% (189 of 263) of the original imaging sites (2.7 sites per patient). Serial ICUS demonstrates progression of intimal thickening at specific sites in only some cardiac transplant patients. Progression of intimal proliferation can occur in individuals in the presence or absence of initially increased intimal thickening or of angiographic disease at the time of the initial studies. Angiography is insensitive for recognizing early intimal thickening of the coronary vessels.
Tubal Ligation, Hysterectomy, and Risk of Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Steven Lehrer
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —Dr Hankinson and colleagues 1 have reported that tubal ligation, and perhaps hysterectomy, may substantially reduce risk of ovarian cancer. How this risk reduction might be mediated is unknown, and various mechanisms have been proposed.  There have been inconclusive reports on a posttubal sterilization syndrome, affecting blood supply, ovulation, steroid production by the ovaries, and menstrual regularity. Moreover, tubal sterilization might prevent contact of the ovary with fluid from the uterine cavity carrying carcinogens, such as talcum powder. In addition, the retrograde menstruation associated with intact fallopian tubes has been linked with salpingitis, endometriosis, and possibly systemic lupus erythematosus; thus, menstrual debris might be a carcinogen. 2 Another possible mechanism to consider is the antitumor action of general anesthetic agents. For example, one study of these agents demonstrated increased production of tumor necrosis factor during their administration, which was four to five times greater than in controls.
The Human Side of Homicide
Authors: Paul Chodoff
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<i>The Human Side of Homicide</i>is a publication of the Foundation of Thanatology, an organization "dedicated to advancing the cause of enlightened health care for the terminally ill patient and his family." Although the relationship between such a goal and the phenomenon of homicide is not entirely clear, there is no doubt that the subject of homicide in its own right commands considerable interest and deserves comprehensive discussion. This is what the current book attempts to do with contributions from experts in diverse fields including medicine, psychiatry, psychology, sociology, the law and the judiciary, and penology. It is worthwhile to attempt to enlighten the general public on the subject since it is the public that must ultimately bear the principal burden for making important decisions about homicide, for instance, the legitimacy and place of capital punishment. The present volume is reasonably comprehensive. It seems to be principally the creation of
EVALUATION OF MICRO CORONARY EDGE DISSECTION AND CORONARY ARTERY PLAQUE PROLAPSE POST CORONARY ARTERY PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION USING OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Dusan A. Stanojevic, Suresh Sharma, Vinodh Jeevanantham, Bassem Chehab, Matthew McCullough, Peter Tadros, Buddhadeb Dawn, Mark Wiley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Reduced Titers of Hageman Factor (Factor XII) in Orientals
Authors: ERLINDA M. GORDON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Hageman factor (factor XII) is a procoagulant upon which the surface-mediated generation of fibrinolytic activity and kinin formation depends. We found that the clot-promoting activity and antigenic properties of Hageman factor were present in lower levels in the plasma of a small group of Oriental subjects than in that of American whites, whereas the levels of plasma prekallikrein (Fletcher factor), high-molecular-weight kininogen (Fitzgerald factor), and plasma thromboplastin antecedent (factor XI) in plasma samples from Oriental subjects did not significantly differ from those from normal white subjects. In one family, there was an excess of plasma Hageman factor antigens with respect to functional activity. These findings stress the importance of defining the racial characteristics of subjects used to establish standards for clotting assays.
The Soviet Union and South Africa
Authors: A. King
Journal: BMJ (1987)

maladministration of the HM(61)112 procedure or its successor.There is a parallel-the Police Complaints Board.Even worse than HM(61)112 for disciplining doctors, however, is RHB(51)81, where the employing authority can be the complainant, prosecuting council, judge, and appeal court while the suspended doctor is denied any legal repre- sentation although the lawyers acting on behalf of the employer are allowed to be present.It is difficult to have any confidence in such a system.
Relationships between mucosal hydrolysis and transport of two phenylalanine dipeptides.
Authors: D B Silk, J A Nicholson, Y S Kim
Journal: Gut (1976)

In order to investigate the source of free amino acids found in the gut lumen during absorption of dipeptides, as well as evaluating the role of brush border peptidases in the mucosal hydrolysis of dipeptides during absorption, rates of dipeptide disappearance and appearance of hydrolytic products were measured during perfusion of rat jejunum and ileum in vivo with buffered and unbuffered 10 mM solutions of glycl-L-phenylalanine (Gly-Phe) and L-phenylalanyl-glycine (Phe-Gly). Mucosal brush border peptidase activity was then measured in the perfused segments in vitro at luminal pH and at two substrate concentrations. In addition cytosol peptidase activity in the perfused segments was measured at pH 7-4 and at 10 mM substrate concentrations. In the jejunum, there was a relationship between rates of free phenylalanine appearance in vivo (Phe-Gly greater than Gly-Phe) and rates of brush border (Phe-Gly greater than Gly-Phe) rather than cytosol (Gly-Phe greater than Phe-Gly) peptidase activities. No constant relationship between free phenylalanine appearance and hydrolysis of the dipeptides by either brush border or cytosol peptidases was observed in the ileal studies. These findings suggest that, in the jejunum, hydrolytic products originate from the surface of the cell whereas, in the ileum, hydrolytic products originate from both the intracellular compartment as well as from the surface of the mucosal cell. In the jejunum, in vitro rates of brush border hydrolysis of Gly-Phe were always less than in vivo disappearance rates, whereas rates of Phe-Gly brush border hydrolysis always exceeded luminal disappearance rates. These data imply that Gly-Phe is predominantly transported intact and hydrolysed by cytosol peptidases, In contrast, brush border peptidases play an importnat role in the mucosal hydrolysis of Phe-Gly.