tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood recirculation in intravenous catheters for hemodialysis.
Authors: Z J Twardowski, J C Van Stone, M E Jones, M E Klusmeyer, J D Haynie
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1993)

Long-term i.v. catheters for hemodialysis have the outflow tip extending approximately 2 to 3 cm beyond the inflow tip to prevent blood recirculation during dialysis; however, the lumens are frequently reversed because of inflow failure (i.e., inadequate flow when the inflow lumen is used for blood inflow into the dialyzer). Blood recirculation with reversed lumens (outflow lumen used for blood inflow) in inflow failure catheters and with standard and reversed lumens in well-functioning catheters was measured. Recirculation was measured at a blood flow of 300 mL/min. Systemic blood samples were taken after blood flow was slowed to 50 mL/min. Blood recirculation was calculated as a percentage of the difference between systemic and inflow lumen solute concentrations divided by the difference between systemic and outflow lumen solute concentrations. For each catheter, the recirculation values were calculated separately for urea and creatinine. Average recirculation as measured by both solutes was also calculated. Blood recirculations with standard lumens of well-functioning catheters, reversed lumens of well-functioning catheters, and reversed lumens of inflow failure catheters were 2.09 +/- 1.95, 13.58 +/- 9.87, and 7.10 +/- 5.12 (mean +/- SD), respectively. Whereas recirculation with standard lumens of well-functioning catheters is negligible, reversal of lumens causes considerable recirculation. Recirculation in inflow failure catheters with reversed lumens is significantly less than that with reversed lumens of well-functioning catheters. It was proposed that a blood clot attached at and/or immediately distal to the inflow lumen may disperse outflowing blood and diminish recirculation in inflow failure catheters.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Efficacy trial of pipobroman in polycythemia vera and incidence of acute leukemia.
Authors: E Brusamolino, L Salvaneschi, A Canevari, C Bernasconi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

A trial was conducted between 1970 and 1981 with pipobroman (PB) in 100 consecutive patients with polycythemia vera (PV), followed for a median time of 60 months, to evaluate the efficacy of this drug and assess the risk of acute leukemia. Phlebotomy was not done before PB was given. Hematologic remission was achieved in 92% of previously untreated patients in a median time of 12 weeks (range, 6-48 weeks) and maintained for a median of 48 months. Acute hematologic toxicity was absent. The median overall survival was 140 months with 65% five-year complication-free survival; the overall death rate at 12 years was 23% (6% of patients died of thrombotic complications). The actuarial risk of acute leukemia was 6% and 9% at five and seven years, and the time from the diagnosis of PV to leukemia ranged from 14 to 81 months. Myelofibrosis occurred in three patients and lung carcinoma in one. All leukemias were nonlymphoid with prominent monocytic component and dyserythropoiesis. One patient had erythroleukemia, two cases were heralded by preleukemia with chromosomal abnormalities, one involving the chromosomes 5 and 7. PB is effective in PV; however, despite an easy induction of remission, continuous low-dose maintenance is necessary and the risk of subsequent acute leukemia is still significant.
Experimental Induction of Parathyroid Adenomas in the Rat<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: V Wynford-Thomas, D Wynford-Thomas, E D Williams
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Neonatal inbred Wistar albino rats were given either 5 or 10 µCi radioiodine (131I) within 24 hours of birth. After weaning, animals were placed on diets high, normal, or deficient in vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) for periods up to 2 years. In animals aged 12 months and older, adenomas were found in 0 of 67 unirradiated controls, in 22 of 67 given 5 µCi 131I, and in 25 of 67 given 10 µCi 131I. The incidence of tumors in irradiated animals was highest (55%) in those on a lowvitamin D diet and lowest (20%) in those on a high-vitamin D diet. Plasma calcium levels were significantly increased by the high-vitamin D diet, but the low-vitamin D diet did not lead to any significant decrease as compared to the calcium levels of the normal vitamin D diet group. Small but significant calcium increases were found in tumor-bearing animals. These findings indicate that parathyroid tumors in the rat can be induced by radiation and that their incidence is strongly influenced by dietary vitamin 0 content. The possibility that metabolites of vitamin D3 may influence parathyroid growth and tumor formation directly is discussed.
Microneedles: Dissolvable Base Scaffolds Allow Tissue Penetration of High-Aspect-Ratio Flexible Microneedles (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 13/2015)
Authors: Satoshi Yagi, Shota Yamagiwa, Yoshihiro Kubota, Hirohito Sawahata, Rika Numano, Tatsuya Imashioya, Hideo Oi, Makoto Ishida, Takeshi Kawano
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Microscale needle technology is important in electrophysiological studies, drug/chemical delivery systems, optogenetic applications, etc. On page 1949, T. Kawano and co-workers present a dissolvable needle-based scaffold, which realizes penetration of high-aspect-ratio flexible microneedles into biological tissues. This methodology, which is applicable to numerous high-aspect-ratio flexible microneedles, should reduce the invasiveness and provide safer tissue penetration than conventional approaches.
The Continuing Quest for Meaningful Faculty Evaluations of Residents
Authors: John L. Tarpley, Margaret J. Tarpley
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The prevalence of silicosis in dental prosthetic technicians working in Kahramanmras City
Authors: Hasan Kahraman, Muge Cinkara, Nurhan Koksal, Fuat Ozkan, Hasan Ekerbicer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objective : The aim of our study is to determine, the presence and the frequency of occupational silicosis in dental prosthesis technicians in Kahramanmaras.   Materials and Methods : The questionnaire was administered to participants prepared by the Turkish Thoracic Society for occupational and enviromental lung diseases, physical examination was performed, PFT were measured, and HRCT was taken. The resulting images were evaluated independently by three readers. When at least two report as pathologic, cases were accepted as silicosis.   Result : Technicians involving the study were 82, 80 of them were male (97.5 %). The mean age was 30.9 ±8.5; the mean pack- year of smoking was 12.4±13.8, the mean working period was 15.8±8.7 years. In 7 abnormal respiratory examination findings were detected. During working, 24 (29.3%) continuously, 21 (25.6%) never, 37 (45.1%) occasionally used the mask. No statistically significant difference was found between the mask usage and HRCT findings of silicosis (p>0.05) and between the symptoms in workplace and the duration of working period (p>0.05). PFT of employees were evaluated as normal. In evaluation of HRCT, 51 (62.2%) had normal and 19 (23.2%) had radiology compatible with silicosis. The localizations of the radiological involvement were determined; only upper lobes in 12 (63.2%), only the lower lobes in 1 (5.3%), upper and middle lobes in 3 (15.8%), upper and lower lobes in 2 (10.5%) and together with the upper, middle and lower lobes in 1 (5.3%) person.   Conclusion:  This study showed that dental prosthesis technicians have high risk for catching silicosis.
Respiratory tract infection associated with seizures
Authors: Nathan J Brendish, Sarah Williams, Saul N Faust, Marc Tebruegge
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A two year old girl presented to her local hospital with breathing difficulties. She was diagnosed with virus induced wheeze. On day one of admission she deteriorated and developed respiratory failure, which required ventilatory support and transfer to our paediatric intensive care unit. Figure 1⇓ shows her chest radiograph on arrival. A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panel performed on respiratory secretions identified a micro-organism. She was successfully extubated to nasal cannula oxygen two days later and transferred to a paediatric ward. Four hours after transfer she had a prolonged tonic-clonic convulsion. Owing to profound respiratory depression after two doses of lorazepam she required re-intubation and transfer back to the paediatric intensive care unit.



Fig 1 Supine chest radiograph taken on admission to the paediatric intensive care unit





### 1. What abnormalities can be seen on her chest radiograph?

#### Short answer

Marked diffuse interstitial changes are present in the lung fields bilaterally. An endotracheal tube and a nasogastric tube are in place.

#### Discussion

There are marked diffuse interstitial changes in both lung fields. The appearance of the radiograph is consistent with viral pneumonia, which is characterised by bronchial wall thickening, peribronchial shadowing, and perihilar linearity, but it is also consistent with “atypical pneumonia.”1 2

The majority of lower respiratory tract infections in children are caused by viruses; bacterial lower respiratory tract infections are less common.3 Common causative agents include rhinoviruses, respiratory syncytial viruses, influenza A and B viruses, parainfluenza viruses, human metapneumoviruses, and adenoviruses.3 4

Atypical pneumonia is caused by “atypical” bacteria, which include Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma …
Altered Intracellular Transport of Exogenous DNA by Murine Mammary Tumor Cell Lines 2
Authors: Florence E. Farber, Eric M. Smith, Jaquelin P. Dudley, Richard A. F. Dixon, Janet S. Butel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Altered Intracellular Transport of Exogenous DNA by Murine Mammary Tumor Cell Lines Get access Florence E. Farber, Florence E. Farber 3Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eric M. Smith, Eric M. Smith 3Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jaquelin P. Dudley, Jaquelin P. Dudley 3Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard A. F. Dixon, Richard A. F. Dixon 3Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 77030. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Janet S. Butel Janet S. Butel 3Department of Virology and Epidemiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex. 77030. 4Recipient of Faculty Research Award PRA-95 from the American Cancer Society. 5We thank Dian Swikert, Carrie Nicholson, Laura Smith, and Sharon Pettes for technical assistance. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 4, October 1977, Pages 1257–1261, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.4.1257 Published: 01 October 1977 Article history Received: 20 December 1976 Accepted: 02 May 1977 Published: 01 October 1977
Cytotoxicity of Adriamycin and Daunorubicin for Normal and Leukemia Progenitor Cells of Man&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R N Buick, H A Messner, J E Till, E A McCulloch
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

A colony assay available for a subpopulation of acute myeloblastic leukemia blasts with proliferative potential was used to measure adriamycin (adria) and daunorubicin (dauno) dose-response curves following brief exposure to either drug and washing. The dose-response curves were simple negative exponentials that might be characterized by D10 (dose required to reduce survival to 10%) values. The D10 values ranged from 0.47 to 20.8 microgram/ml for adria (8 patients) and from 0.06 to 0.34 microgram/ml for dauno (3 patients). Controls consisted of committed granulopoietic and T-lymphocyte progenitors. Four measurements of granulopoietic progenitors yielded D10 values from 2.5 to 11.5 mug/ml for adria and from 0.44 to 1.2 microgram/ml for dauno. T-lymphocyte precursors from 4 normal individuals were resistant. However, following incubation of normal leukocytes with phytohemagglutinin, DNA synthesis commenced in T-lymphocyte precursors for 3 additional normal controls, which was associated with an increased data sensitivity with D10 values ranging from 4.4 to 6.2 microgram/ml.
Chronic Herpesvirus saimiri Infection in an Owl Monkey 2
Authors: Gary R. Armstrong, Thomas Orr, Dharam V. Ablashi, Gary R. Pearson, Harvey Rabin, Josef Luetzeler, Walter F. Loeb, Marion G. Valerio
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

An adult owl monkey (Aotus tricirgatus) used for immunologic studies of Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) developed early, late, membrane, and neutralizing antibodies to HVS approximately 3 weeks after the beginning of the experiment. HVS was isolated by the cocultivation of peripheral blood for over 1 year. No clinical, gross, or histopathologic findings of malignancy were exhibited by the animal. The HVS isolate from the animal was indistinguishable biologically and serologically from the original HVS strain of Meléndez and from an isolate of an experimentally HVS-induced tumor. Inoculation of this isolate into 2 young white-lipped marmosets (Saguinus fuscicollis) produced typical malignant lymphoma and lymphocytic leukemia. Our findings suggested that the virus from the chronically infected animal was oncogenic and that host factors were primarily responsible for determining the disease manifestation of the virus infection. Another owl monkey chronically infected with HVS for over 2 years has remained asymptomatic.
Preliminary Results of a Phase Ii Study of Weekly Cabazitaxel in "Unfit" Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (Mcrpc) Patients Progressing After Docetaxel Treatment (Sogug-Cabasem Trial)
Authors: B. Pérez-Valderrama, B. Mellado, M.J. Juan, O. Fernandez, E. Fernández-Parra, M. Ochoa de Olza, D.E. Castellano, U. Anido, M. Domenech, S. Hernando, J. Arranz Arija, C. Caballero, I. Duran, M. Campayo, M. Chilet, M. Climent
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Host Response to Tumor-Associated Fetal Antigens: Kinetics and Components
Authors: Fernando A. Salinas
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Using a colony-inhibition bioassay that measures the contribution of the host response in transplantation immunity to tumor-associated fetal antigens (TAFA), I evaluated the occurrence of TAFA during different developmental stages of murine fetal liver cells. A maximum concentration of TAFA was present at approximately 15 days' gestation. A similar age-equivalence phase of gestation was also found in pig fetal liver. Host-response kinetics to TAFA were examined, and results indicated a similar pattern of activity for tumor- or fetal-immunized groups with a transient immune suppression in the middle of the study period. I detected specific antibodies generated by tumor and fetal cell immunization by a complement-dependent serum microcytotoxicity assay. The specificity of the reaction was evaluated further by absorption studies that demonstrated specific cross-reactive antibodies to fetal and tumor cell targets. Adoptive transplanted immunity to TAFA was indirectly evaluated by a modified Winn assay which indicated that a cellular immune mechanism was an important component of the host response to TAFA.
The role of Fc–FcγR interactions in IgG-mediated microbial neutralization
Authors: Stylianos Bournazos, David J. DiLillo, Jeffrey V. Ravetch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2015)

Antibodies are bifunctional molecules, containing a variable Fab domain that mediates binding specificity and a constant Fc domain that bridges antibody-coated targets with FcγR-expressing cells that mediate effector functions. Although traditional mechanisms of antibody-mediated neutralization of microbes have been largely thought to result from Fab–antigen interactions, recent studies suggest that recruitment of FcγR-expressing effector cells by antibodies is a major in vivo mechanism of antibody-mediated protection from infection. In this article, we review FcγR biology, compare mammalian FcγR families, and summarize recent evidence demonstrating the crucial role that Fc–FcγR interactions play during in vivo protection from infection.
Phase II study of pembrolizumab (MK-3475) for relapsed/refractory classical Hodgkin Lymphoma (r/r cHL): keynote-087
Authors: Robert Chen, Phillippe Armand, Michelle A Fanale, Vincent Ribrag, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Alejandro D Ricart, Seth Thompson, Arun Balakumaran, Daniel Molin, Margaret A Shipp, Craig H Moskowitz
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts The prognosis is poor for patients with cHL who relapse after autologous stem-cell transplant (auto-SCT) or progress after brentuximab vedotin (BV) therapy. cHL frequently harbors genetic amplification at 9p24.1, which leads to overexpression of PD-L1 and PD-L2 on the tumor cell
Cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) may show initial left cardiac dysfunction in patients with moderate-severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Francesco Costa, Barbara Vagaggini, Frank Dini, Laura Malagrinò, Sandra Antonelli, Claudia De Simone, Gianna De Cusatis, Sabrina Santerini, Pierluigi Paggiaro
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is usefull to evaluate exercise intolerance in patients with cardio-pulmonary diseases. Cardiovascular comorbidity is frequent in COPD patients and contribute to their exercise limitation.  Aim: to assess whether CPET is a sensitive test in detecting initial alterations in cardiac function in COPD patients, as assessed by echocardiography.  Methods: we studies 36 COPD patients (mean FEV1: 59.8%) attending to a Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program (PRP). Before starting PRP they performed: pulmonary function test, CPET, echocardiography.  Results: when patients were divided according to airway obstruction (FEV1> or   or   35% had a significantly lower cardiac output and lower stroke volume with respect to subjects with VE/VCO2 value less than 35%  Conclusion: in moderate to severe COPD patients VE/VCO2 is the best parameter for assessing left cardiac dysfunction that contributes to ventilatory inefficiency during exercise.
Interplay of Oxidative Stress and Autophagy in PAMAM Dendrimers-Induced Neuronal Cell Death
Authors: Yubin Li, Haiyan Zhu, Shaofei Wang, Xiaolu Qian, Jiajun Fan, Ziyu Wang, Ping Song, Xuesai Zhang, Weiyue Lu, Dianwen Ju
Journal: Theranostics (2015)

Poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are proposed to be one of the most promising drug-delivery nanomaterials.However, the toxicity of PAMAM dendrimers on the central nervous system seriously hinders their medical applications.The relationship between oxidative stress and autophagy induced by PAMAM dendrimers, and its underlying mechanism remain confusing.In this study, we reported that PAMAM dendrimers induced both reactive oxygen species and autophagy flux in neuronal cells.Interestingly, autophagy might be triggered by the formation of reactive oxygen species induced by PAMAM dendrimers.Suppression of reactive oxygen species could not only impair PAMAM dendrimers-induced autophagic effects, but also reduce PAMAM dendrimers-induced neuronal cell death.Moreover, inhibition of autophagy could protect against PAMAM dendrimers-induced neuronal cell death.These findings systematically elucidated the interplay between oxidative stress and autophagy in the neurotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers, which might encourage the application of antioxidants and autophagy inhibitors to ameliorate the neurotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers in clinic.
Mechanisms of hyperinflation in asthma
Authors: Y Cormier, R Lecours, C Legris
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

We studied 11 mild asthmatics to verify whether the mechanisms of hyperinflation in asthma could be inhibited or overcome by passively changing lung volumes. On day 1, we induced a fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 30-60% by methacholine inhalation and measured the resulting increase in FRC (delta FRC). The delta FRC was 729 +/- 378 ml (mean +/- SD). On day 2, with the subject supine in an iron lung, we measured oesophageal (Poes), gastric (Pgas) and transdiaphragmatic (Pdi) pressures, and changes in functional residual capacity (FRC) (delta V) induced by extrathoracic pressures from -20 to +20 cmH2O before and after bronchoprovocation. With positive pressures, the FRC decreased and reached a plateau at 10 cmH2O pressure or higher. This plateau was at a mean FRC of 839 ml higher after the bronchoprovocation than before. Pdi at FRC varied in the same direction as the extrathoracic pressure and was not modified by the bronchospasm. Peak inspiratory Pdi, without pressure applied in the iron lung, increased from 13.6 +/- 5.4 to 28.1 +/- 13.5 cmH2O after methacholine; extrathoracic pressure of -20 cmH2O decreased this latter value to 15.4 +/- 7.3 cmH2O (p less than 0.01). The increased lung volume and the displaced chest wall recoil curve after provocation were not inhibited by positive or negative extrathoracic pressures. Our data show that the mechanisms of hyperinflation are not eliminated or overcome by passively changing lung volumes and support the hypothesis that persisting activity of inspiratory muscles other than the diaphragm during expiration and perhaps a prolonged expiratory time constant are responsible for hyperinflation in asthma.
Programmed Death Ligand-1 (Pd-L1) Expression and Prognostic Value in Synovial Sarcoma
Authors: K. Kozak, A. Szumera-Cieckiewicz, A. Rembiszewska, A. Podgorska, H.M. Kosela Paterczyk, J. Przybyl, A. Gos, T. Switaj, M. Prochorec-Sobieszek, P. Rutkowski
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Analysis of transmitted drug resistance in Spain in the years 2007–2010 documents a decline in mutations to the non-nucleoside drug class
Authors: S. Monge, V. Guillot, M. Alvarez, A. Peña, P. Viciana, S. García-Bujalance, M.J. Pérez Elias, J.A. Iribarren, F. Gutiérrez, M. Itziar Casado, F. Garcia, None CoRIS
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)