tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Physicians in Congress
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses proliferation and immunoglobulin production by normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Authors: J M Lemire, J S Adams, R Sakai, S C Jordan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Activated B and T lymphocytes from normal human subjects are known to have the specific high-affinity receptor for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-(OH)2-D3). In an attempt to determine a functional role for the sterol in such cells, we studied the effect of 1,25-(OH)2-D3 on DNA synthesis and Ig production by normal human peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells activated in vitro by the polyclonal lymphocyte activators pokeweed mitogen and phytohemagglutinin, and the specific antigen dermatophyton O. A dose-dependent inhibition of [3H]thymidine incorporation was observed in cells incubated with 1,25-(OH)2-D3 in concentrations ranging from 10(-10) to 10(-7) M. Production of IgG and IgM, determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was similarly inhibited by increasing concentrations of 1,25-(OH)2-D3. Half-maximal inhibition of DNA and Ig synthesis was found at 10(-10) to 10(-9) M 1,25-(OH)2-D3. This suppressive effect was specific for 1,25-(OH)2-D3; of the other vitamin D metabolites examined, only 10(-7) M 24R,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3 (24,25-(OH)2-D3) had a similar inhibitory effect. 1,25-(OH)2-D3 was not cytotoxic and did not affect unactivated PBMs. These data demonstrate that 1,25-(OH)2-D3 is a potent inhibitor of human PBM Ig production in vitro and suggest that this action is mediated through the hormone's antiproliferative effect on Ig-producing B cells and/or helper T cells.
Uniform format for disclosure of competing interests in ICMJE journals
Authors: Jeffrey M Drazen, Martin B Van Der Weyden, Peush Sahni, Jacob Rosenberg, Ana Marusic, Christine Laine, Sheldon Kotzin, Richard Horton, Paul C Hébert, Charlotte Haug, Fiona Godlee, Frank A Frizelle, Peter W de Leeuw, Catherine D DeAngelis
Journal: The Lancet (2009)
Does the MRCGP examination discriminate against Asian doctors?
Authors: R. Wakeford, A. Farooqi, A. Rashid, L. Southgate
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To ascertain whether the membership examination for the Royal College of General Practitioners (MRCGP) discriminates against doctors of Indian subcontinent ethnic origin ("Asian doctors").Retrospective analysis of data from five administrations of the MRCGP examination (December 1988-December 1990).United Kingdom national examination body.3686 doctors taking the examination for the first time, 244 of whom were classified as Asian, the remainder as non-Asian.Comparison of performance in each of the written and oral components of the examination between Asian doctors, identified by their names and classified into subgroups by countries of birth and primary medical training from data provided at registration, and non-Asian doctors.On written components of the examination (multiple choice paper mean score Asians versus non-Asians 42.3 v 48.6, modified essay paper 40.9 v 48.9, practice topic/critical reading paper 41.5 v 48.7, all p less than 0.001 by t testing). But analysis by countries of birth and primary training showed that these differences were due largely to poor performance by certain groups of Asian doctors, especially those born and trained in the Indian subcontinent or elsewhere outside the United Kingdom. Asian doctors born and trained in the United Kingdom and those born in Africa or the West Indies and trained in the United Kingdom performed similarly to the non-Asian doctors.The examination does not systematically discriminate against Asian doctors, but the poor performance of the two subgroups of Asians is cause for serious concern and requires investigation.
What's Wrong with This Picture?
Authors: Samuel A. Brody
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

On Being a Doctor15 June 1997What's Wrong with This Picture?Samuel A. Brody, MDSamuel A. Brody, MDGastroenterology and Geriatrics; Baldwin, NY 11510Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-126-12-199706150-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail At first, nothing seemed wrong. It all turned out fine, so why did I have the feeling that something terrible had happened? Perhaps, I thought, all the talk of guidelines and protocols was causing me to question a good, if somewhat fortuitous, result.An 82-year-old man came to my office because he had passed out in church. He had been healthy all his life. A few years before our first encounter, he had had a similar experience but had never made much of it. He had told no one about it and had felt fine when he regained consciousness. He ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Gastroenterology and Geriatrics; Baldwin, NY 11510Corresponding Author: Samuel A. Brody, MD, Gastroenterology and Geriatrics, 1450 Coolidge Avenue, Baldwin, NY 11510. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1997Volume 126, Issue 12Page: 997-998KeywordsAngioplastyColorectal cancerElectrophysiological techniquesHeartHemorrhagePacemakersSleepStenosisStent implantationSyncope Issue Published: 15 June 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Lying to Insurance Companies: The Desire to Deceive among Physicians and the Public
Authors: Rachel M. Werner, G. Caleb Alexander, Angela Fagerlin, Peter A. Ubel
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2004)

This study examines the public's and physicians' willingness to support deception of insurance companies in order to obtain necessary healthcare services and how this support varies based on perceptions of physicians' time pressures. Based on surveys of 700 prospective jurors and 1617 physicians, the public was more than twice as likely as physicians to sanction deception (26%versus 11%) and half as likely to believe that physicians have adequate time to appeal coverage decisions (22%versus 59%). The odds of public support for deception compared to that of physicians rose from 2.48 to 4.64 after controlling for differences in time perception. These findings highlight the ethical challenge facing physicians and patients in balancing patient advocacy with honesty in the setting of limited societal resources.
Long distance telemetry of fetal heart rate from patients' homes using public telephone network.
Authors: K J Dalton, A J Dawson, N A Gough
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Long distance telemetry of fetal heart rate from patients' homes using public telephone network Sporadic reports have been published on intrapartum fetal heart rate telemetry over short distances, but there have been conflicting reports on its acceptability to patients and its influence on the course of labour.' 2 Transmission of electrocardiographic signals in adults using the public telephone network has also been reported.3We describe a new technique of monitoring the fetal heart rate antenatally by telemetry.This technique may be used from the patient's home through the public telephone network, for prolonged periods of time and over distances of many miles.The heart signal may then be computer processed and displayed in real time within the obstetric unit for immediate assessment.
Association of Race/Ethnicity, Inflammation, and Albuminuria in Patients With Diabetes and Early Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Satyesh K. Sinha, Magda Shaheen, Tripathi B. Rajavashisth, Deyu Pan, Keith C. Norris, Susanne B. Nicholas
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

OBJECTIVE African Americans (AAs) and Hispanics have higher diabetes and end-stage renal disease but similar or lower early chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with whites. Inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes-related CKD. We postulated that in contrast to the general population, AAs and Hispanics have a higher prevalence of early diabetic CKD and systemic inflammatory markers compared with whites. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2008 of 2,310 diabetic patients aged ≥20 years with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL. We performed multiple linear regression among patients with early CKD (urinary albumin excretion [UAE] ≥30 μg/mL and estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2) to test the relationship between UAE and C-reactive protein (CRP) by race/ethnicity, adjusting for demographics, diabetes duration, FPG, hemoglobin A1c, uric acid, white blood cell count, medication use, cardiovascular disease, and related parameters. RESULTS In patients with diabetes, the prevalence of early CKD was greater among Hispanics and AAs than whites (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). AAs had higher adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for CRP ≥0.2 mg/dL (AOR 1.81 [95% CI 1.19–2.78]), and Hispanics had higher AOR for UAE ≥30 μg/mL (AOR 1.65 [1.07–2.54]). In a regression model adjusted for confounding variables, there was a significant association between UAE and CRP in the mid-CRP tertile (CRP 0.20–0.56 mg/dL, P = 0.001) and highest CRP tertile (CRP ≥0.57 mg/dL, P = 0.01) for Hispanics, but only in the mid-CRP tertile (P = 0.04) for AAs, compared with whites. CONCLUSIONS AAs and Hispanics with diabetes have a higher prevalence of early CKD compared with whites, which is significantly associated with UAE and/or CRP.
Requiem for Gold?
Authors: Luis Fernandez-Herlihy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 June 1991Requiem for Gold?Luis Fernandez-Herlihy, MDLuis Fernandez-Herlihy, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-11-993_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:The time has come to stop the use of injectable (or any other) gold in the treatment of adult rheumatoid arthritis. The recent report by Epstein and colleagues (1) on the apparent ineffectiveness of parenteral chrysotherapy is highly significant. Since the first reports of the use of gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, 64 years ago, its efficacy has been hotly debated and its toxicity has been amply documented. A recent study (2) found that of six commonly used second-line drugs for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (methotrexate, injectable gold, D-penicillamine, sulfasalazine, auranofin, and antimalarials), injectable gold had...References1. EpsteinHenkeYelinKatz WCEP. Effect of parenteral∧administered gold therapy on the course of adult rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:437-44. LinkGoogle Scholar2. FelsonAndersonMeenan DJR. The comparative efficacy and toxicity of second-line drugs in rheumatoid arthritis. Results of two metaanalyses. Arth Rheum. 1990;33:1449-61. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. ShortBeckmanBauer CWW. Gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis. N Engl J Med. 1946;235:362-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 91 Lenox Street West Newton, MA 02165. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe hydrosocial empire: The Karakum River and the Soviet conquest of Central Asia in the 20th centuryTHE CURIOUS CASE OF INTRAMUSCULAR GOLD 1 June 1991Volume 114, Issue 11Page: 993-994KeywordsAntimalarialsDrugsMethotrexateRheumatoid arthritisToxicity Issue Published: 1 June 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Unilateral systematized keratosis follicularis. A variant of Darier's disease or an epidermal naevus (acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal naevus)?
Authors: TH.M. STARINK, M.J. WOERDEMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

In this report seven new eases showing unilateral systematized, linear or zosteriform distribution of lesions resembling Darier's disease, but without other findings suggestive of Darier's disease, are presented. It is suggested that the eruption represents an epidermal naevus for which the name acantholytic dyskeratotic epidermal naevus is proposed.
Pulmonary hypertension produced in rats by ingestion of Crotalaria spectabilis seeds
Authors: J. M. Kay, P. Harris, D. Heath
Journal: Thorax (1967)

The oral administration of <i>Crotalaria spectabilis</i> seeds to young rats induces pulmonary hypertension in them associated with right ventricular hypertrophy and an increase in the medial thickness of the pulmonary trunk and muscular pulmonary arteries. This appears to be the first direct demonstration that the oral administration of an agent may bring about pulmonary hypertension.
The phylogenetic potential of entire 26S rDNA sequences in plants
Authors: R. K. Kuzoff, J. A. Sweere, D. E. Soltis, P. S. Soltis, E. A. Zimmer
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1998)

18S ribosomal RNA genes are the most widely used nuclear sequences for phylogeny reconstruction at higher taxonomic levels in plants. However, due to a conservative rate of evolution, 18S rDNA alone sometimes provides too few phylogenetically informative characters to resolve relationships adequately. Previous studies using partial sequences have suggested the potential of 26S or large-subunit (LSU) rDNA for phylogeny retrieval at taxonomic levels comparable to those investigated with 18S rDNA. Here we explore the patterns of molecular evolution of entire 26S rDNA sequences and their impact on phylogeny retrieval. We present a protocol for PCR amplification and sequencing of entire (approximately 3.4 kb) 26S rDNA sequences as single amplicons, as well as primers that can be used for amplification and sequencing. These primers proved useful in angiosperms and Gnetales and likely have broader applicability. With these protocols and primers, entire 26S rDNA sequences were generated for a diverse array of 15 seed plants, including basal eudicots, monocots, and higher eudicots, plus two representatives of Gnetales. Comparisons of sequence dissimilarity indicate that expansion segments (or divergence domains) evolve 6.4 to 10.2 times as fast as conserved core regions of 26S rDNA sequences in plants. Additional comparisons indicate that 26S rDNA evolves 1.6 to 2.2 times as fast as and provides 3.3 times as many phylogenetically informative characters as 18S rDNA; compared to the chloroplast gene rbcL, 26S rDNA evolves at 0.44 to 1.0 times its rate and provides 2.0 times as many phylogenetically informative characters. Expansion segment sequences analyzed here evolve 1.2 to 3.0 times faster than rbcL, providing 1.5 times the number of informative characters. Plant expansion segments have a pattern of evolution distinct from that found in animals, exhibiting less cryptic sequence simplicity, a lower frequency of insertion and deletion, and greater phylogenetic potential.
Red Cross concerned over deterioration in medical services in Afghanistan
Authors: John Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2007)

UK NEWS Scientists plead for right to create interspecies embryos, p1238 World NEWS US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� US gro�p highlights symptoms of early o�arian cancer, p 12�� bmj.com �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers �itamin d from s�n e�pos�re may protect against solid cancers
The Inhibitory Quotient-Reply
Authors: Paul D. Ellner
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate the opportunity to respond to Dr Tack's letter. We agree that there is considerable variability in CSF drug levels. In most cases, drugs that exhibit marked variability in CSF concentration are not used, and physicians are informed that higher doses would normally be employed in the treatment of meningitis. Moreover, the flexibility of our system is such that as more data concerning CSF levels of new drugs, eg, cefotaxime and moxalactam becomes available, it would be reflected in the CSF IQs. We recognize that numerous factors may alter the concentration and, hence, activity of antimicrobial agents both in tissues and body fluids.<sup>1</sup> The conditions that obtain in in vitro determinations of MICs or serum bactericidal levels do not approximate those that exist at the site of infection in the body. Furthermore, the methodology employed in such determinations (medium and inoculum size) are variable. However, arbitrarily
Prospective Study of a Self-Report Type A Scale and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Ichiro Kawachi, David Sparrow, Laura D. Kubzansky, Avron Spiro, Pantel S. Vokonas, Scott T. Weiss
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —Several methods exist by which to assess type A behavior (TAB). Although the videotaped clinical interview is regarded as the “gold standard,” self-report measures have also proved useful in assessing TAB in large population studies. The purpose of this study was to examine prospectively the relationship of TAB to risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence with the use of the revised Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2) Type A Scale. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first test of this scale in the context of predicting CHD incidence. Methods and Results —The study was performed in the VA Normative Aging Study, an ongoing cohort of older (mean age, 61 years) community-dwelling men. A total of 1305 men who were free of diagnosed CHD in 1986 completed the MMPI-2 Type A Scale. During an average 7.0 years of follow-up, 110 cases of incident CHD occurred. Compared with men in the lowest quartile of type A scores, men in the highest quartile had multivariate adjusted relative risks of 2.86 (95% CI, 1.19 to 6.89; P for trend=0.016) for combined CHD death and nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) and 2.30 (95% CI, 1.32 to 4.01; P for trend=0.001) for combined CHD death/nonfatal MI plus angina pectoris. The relationship of TAB to CHD was independent of measures of anger and cynicism. Conclusions —The MMPI-2 Type A Scale predicts CHD incidence. Further research is warranted to examine the correlation, if any, between this scale and the videotaped clinical interview.
Measles in Previously Vaccinated Children
Authors: Shelby A. Wyll
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Between Jan 20 and March 5, 1970, 47 cases of measles occurred in residents of Scott City, Kan, which had not reported a case of measles since 1966. Spread of measles was demonstrated through four generations, involving 35 elementary-school children, 10 preschoolers, and two high-school students. Fifteen of the 47 patients had a documented history of previous measles vaccination. Based on a measles immunity survey, attack rates by school and vaccination status were calculated; the attack rates in the elementaryschool population, which generated the epidemic, were 2.6 and 30.3 for vaccinated immune and unvaccinated susceptible students, respectively. Based on these rates, measles vaccine was 91.4% effective. The immunity survey also demonstrated that a "herd immunity" level of 89% in the elementary-school population did not prevent propagation of the epidemic.
Pulmonary Function after Lymphography
Authors: R. J. White, J. A. W. Webb, A. K. Tucker, K. M. Foster
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The effects of lymphography on ventilatory function and gas transfer factor were studied in nine patients. Serial measurements made up to one month showed no change in the forced expiratory volume in one second or vital capacity. A small but reversible fall in transfer factor was found. The greatest reduction was at 24 or 48 hours. It was concluded that patients with normal lungs are unlikely to encounter difficulties but that patients with severe lung disease require careful assessment before lymphography.
Predictors of Systemic Embolism in Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Ian I. Joffe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 December 1998Predictors of Systemic Embolism in Mitral StenosisIan I. JoffeIan I. JoffeHarvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-12-199812150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Systemic embolism occurring in patients with mitral stenosis is often devastating. Unfortunately, predicting the risk for systemic embolism in patients with mitral stenosis and sinus rhythm is often imprecise. Faced with this uncertainty, clinicians frequently institute empirical anticoagulant therapy in patients with clinically significant mitral stenosis and sinus rhythm. Chiang and colleagues [1] are therefore to be commended on their prospective study on predictors of systemic embolism in patients with mitral stenosis. However, important questions still remain. The authors identified left atrial thrombus as one predictor of systemic embolism in patients in sinus rhythm. They report that ...References1. Chiang CW, Lo SK, Ko YS, Cheng NJ, Lin PJ, Chang CH. Predictors of systemic embolism in patients with mitral stenosis. A prospective study. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:885-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Ian I. JoffeAffiliations: Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 December 1998Volume 129, Issue 12Page: 1077KeywordsAnticoagulant therapyAtrial fibrillationEchocardiographyMitral stenosisProspective studiesThrombosis ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 December 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
These Little Piggies . . .
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal