tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
We're off: Annual report October 2001 to September 2002
Authors: A J Knox
Journal: Thorax (2002)

This has been yet another successful year for Thorax . The number of submissions to the journal has remained high, and the number of original papers is still rising (table 1). The geographical distribution of submissions reflects the international flavour of the journal (table 2) and, relative to previous years,1,2 our acceptance rate has been even lower this year (table 3). Median time to first decisions is now at an all time low, reflecting our policy of trying to give a rapid decision and also only publishing the best papers in the journal …
Infection by HCV in acute NANB hepatitis. Comparison between first and second generation ELISA tests
Authors: M. Rodríguez, F. Tévar, A. Suárez, C.A. Navascués, R. Pérez, S. Riestra, N.G. Sotorrío, J.L.S. Lombraña, A. Linares, L. Rodrigo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1991)
Abstract 5294: IIp45 inhibits cell migration through inhibition of HDAC6
Authors: Wei Zhang, Sonya W. Song, Jiyuan Sun, Janet Bruner, Gregory Fuller
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract IIp45 (aka MIIP) is a newly discovered gene whose protein product inhibits cell migration. HDAC6 is a class IIb deacetylase that specifically deacetylates α-tubulin, modulates microtubule dynamics and promotes cell migration. A yeast two-hybrid assay using IIp45 as the bait identified HDAC6 protein as a binding partner of IIp45. This physical interaction of the two functionally antagonizing proteins was confirmed by Glutathione S-transferase (GST) pull-down assay and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assay in human cells. Serial deletion constructs of HDAC6 were used to characterize the interaction of HDAC6 and IIp45, and this analysis found that the two catalytic domains of HDAC6 protein were required for IIp45 binding. We examined the protein expression patterns of IIp45 and HDAC6 in glioma tissues. Elevated protein levels of HDAC6 were found in high grade glioma samples in contrast to the decreased protein expression of IIp45. The potential negative regulation of HDAC6 expression by IIp45 was confirmed in cell lines with altered IIp45 expression by constitutive overexpression or small interfering RNA knockdown. Protein turnover study revealed that overexprsssion of IIp45 significantly reduced intracellular protein stability of endogenous HDAC6, indicating a possible mechanism for the negative regulation of HDAC6 by IIp45. Results from the HDAC activity assay demonstrated that overexpressed IIp45 effectively decreased HDAC6 activity, increased acetylated α-tubulin, and reduced cell migration. The increased cell migration by siIIp45 knockdown was significantly reversed by co-transfection of siHDAC6. Thus, we report here for the first time a novel mechanism by which IIp45 inhibits cell motility through inhibition of HDAC6 Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5294.
Evaluation of the cytogenetic aberration pattern in amyloid light chain amyloidosis as compared with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance reveals common pathways of karyotypic instability
Authors: Tilmann Bochtler, Ute Hegenbart, Friedrich W. Cremer, Christiane Heiss, Axel Benner, Dirk Hose, Marion Moos, Jelena Bila, Claus R. Bartram, Anthony D. Ho, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Anna Jauch, Stefan O. Schonland
Journal: Blood (2008)
New methods to deal with publication bias
Authors: H.-H. Dubben
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Are helpful, but prevention is better than cure

Published and retrievable reports of research do not necessarily represent the research performed, and some research findings never reach the consumer. Positive findings—or those that are perceived to be positive—are more likely to be published, and in more prestigious journals, than are negative findings.1 This so called publication bias is an important factor to consider when searching for data and using it to make evidence based decisions. In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.b2981), Moreno and colleagues test the performance of new methods of detecting and correcting for publication bias.2

Data collated for a meta-analysis can be investigated for possible missing studies using a funnel plot,2 3 on which Moreno and colleagues’ method is also based. It is a plot of effect size (for example, relative risk) versus the precision of a trial’s effect estimate (for example, number of patients or standard error). Typically, data points lie in a funnel shaped area (figure⇓). Results of smaller …
An exceptional radiographic presentation of bilateral insufficiency fractures of the proximal tibia in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: J Vanhoof
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

reuil et al reported on a patient with Erdheim-Chester disease. 1 We would like to add our experience in a patient who had a good response to steroids.A 46 year old housewife, born in Maceio (Brazil), complained of pain in her legs for a period of eight months, which interfered with her sleep; there were no constitutional symptoms, such as weight loss, asthenia, or fever.On physical examination, there was no systemic involvement or bone inflammation, except for tenderness on palpation of both tibiae.An x ray examination showed bilateral and symmetrical cortical osteosclerosis of the diaphysial regions of the tibiae, which was better illustrated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which showed a low signal on T 1 and a high signal on T 2 of the medullar canal (fig 1).Bone scintigraphy showed intense hypercapitation at the upper and medial regions of the right tibia and the medial region of the left tibia (fig 2).Other MR images (brain, thorax, and abdomen) were normal.A bone biopsy showed only osteosclerosis, which has been described in this disease. 2 She was treated with steroids for six months (prednisone 20 mg/day) and responded well, being asymptomatic and receiv-ing no treatment since December 2000.As bone pain is the first symptom of this xanthogranulomatosis, rheumatologists should be able to recognise the disease in an early phase when treatment gives a better outcome.. . . .
The need to make rugby safer
Authors: D. A D Macleod, P H Pattisson
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Psychiatrists in the 1990s SIR,-Dr Glin Bennet (23 January, p 274) suggests that psychiatrists can contribute most to com- munity mental health teams by a return to their medical roots, and I agree with much that he says.But Dr Bennet addresses his comments to "ordinary psychiatrists" suggesting that "we now have a new generation of neuropsychiatrists and psychogeriatricians . . .who have a clear role in aspects of psychiatry which make use of medical skills."Psychogeriatrics may indeed be a growing subspecialty, but neuropsychiatry is almost non- existent.Dr Bennet's idealised view may come from his proximity to the Burden Hospital, where three of the handful of designated neuropsychiatrists in Britain are to be found.Neuropsychiatry is given a very low priority in training schemes, with only two of the 325 higher training posts in adult mental illness, and it is almost never considered in the creation of new consultant posts.Like biological psychiatry, neuro- psychiatry does not have section status in the Royal College of Psychiatrists.The 1990s may bring great changes in our understanding of the organic basis of some psy- chiatric conditions.Unless we claim our medical heritage and make use of our training and skills we may find ourselves treating a dwindling cohort of functional disorders, while striving to "maintain our usefulness" as the most expensive members of mental health teams.
Initiation of NALT Organogenesis Is Independent of the IL-7R, LTβR, and NIK Signaling Pathways but Requires the Id2 Gene and CD3−CD4+CD45+ Cells
Authors: Satoshi Fukuyama, Takachika Hiroi, Yoshifumi Yokota, Paul D. Rennert, Manabu Yanagita, Naotoshi Kinoshita, Seigo Terawaki, Takashi Shikina, Masafumi Yamamoto, Yuichi Kurono, Hiroshi Kiyono
Journal: Immunity (2002)
Pneumatosis in Scleroderma Of the Small Bowel
Authors: William D. White
Journal: JAMA (1970)

To the Editor.—  Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis is a rare complication of scleroderma of the small bowel. Previous reports have indicated that this late complication heralds a poor prognosis. 1 We have observed one patient with pneumatosis for more than 6 1/2 years. This case is presented to suggest that this complication of intestinal scleroderma does not necessarily indicate a poorer life expectancy.  Report of a Case.—  A 48-year-old Negro housewife was seen in the Medical Clinic in March 1959. Dysphagia, tightness of the skin of the hands, Raynaud's phenomenon, and multiple joint stiffness had been present for one year. An esophagogram revealed a dilated esophagus with lack of peristalsis. A mecholyl test demonstrated lack of sensitivity of the esophagus. The hemoglobin level was 11 gm/100 with a sedimentation rate of 51 mm/hr. During the next four years, the patient was treated for reflux esophagitis with stricture formation. In May 1963,
The Moral Challenge of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: M. Bartley
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Until this pioneering book was published in 1995 the ethical aspects of one of the most important illnesses of our ageing populations were a neglected subject. Post begins with his wish to define the “signposts” that would point human beings “toward a future in which those who are so forgetful will be treated with dignity.” He describes as twofold the moral challenge of Alzheimer’s disease: the challenge of overcoming the stigma; and that of giving careful consideration to the ethical issues, such as the appropriateness of certain medical procedures. 

Explanations of existing legal or medical guidelines are …
Amines in Experimental Hypertensions
Authors: E. A. OHLER, G. E. WAKERLIN
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

A sympathomimetic amine, Paredrine, was shown to be a good antihypertensive agent in experimental renal, experimental neurogenic and spontaneous hypertensions in the dog. Other closely related amines failed to possess antihypertensive activity. Paredrine did not prevent the development of experimental renal hypertension. This amine was also without chronic effect on the blood pressure of normotensive dogs.
Acute Direct Adenoviral Vector Cytotoxicity and Chronic, but Not Acute, Inflammatory Responses Correlate with Decreased Vector-Mediated Transgene Expression in the Brain
Authors: Clare E. Thomas, Darren Birkett, Ijeoma Anozie, Maria G. Castro, Pedro R. Lowenstein
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

The potential utility of adenoviruses for the treatment of chronic neurological disease is controversial due to reports of vector-associated toxicity, inflammation, and transient transgene expression. To focus upon the mechanism by which transgene expression is lost, we injected increasing doses [1 × 106 to 1 × 109 infectious units (iu)] of a first-generation adenovirus vector expressing β-galactosidase into the brains of immune-competent adult rats. Transgene expression was evaluated simultaneously with acute neuronal and glial cell cytotoxicity, and acute and chronic inflammation using immunohistochemistry, at 3 and 30 days post-vector administration. Our results show a clear threshold effect of viral dose upon the amount of transgene expression persisting by 30 days after vector administration. Below 108 iu, transgene expression remained stable over the 30-day period. Following infection of more than 108 iu, the extent of transgene expression at 30 days was inversely correlated with increasing viral dose. The severity of acute inflammation increased proportionally with increasing vector dose from 106 to 109 infectious units. In contrast, acute vector-mediated cytotoxicity and chronic inflammation were observed only above the threshold level of vector dose. Above 108 iu both the extent of the acute toxicity and the severity of the chronic inflammation were inversely correlated with transgene expression at 30 days. Thus, our data suggest that both an acute loss of cells through direct vector-mediated toxicity and the elicitation of chronic inflammation (but not acute inflammation) may account for the decline in transduction persistence at high vector doses.
Time to put right what is going wrong in the government's disability assessments
Authors: G. Phillips
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Graham understandably seeks to defend Atos Healthcare, the organisation for which she is medical director.1 2

During the past year I have supported appeals for increasing numbers of patients who have had their employment and support allowance (ESA) stopped. Clearly some of the assessments being performed are substandard. All nine of the patients I have supported have successfully appealed against losing …
American Medicine and the Public Interest
Authors: Amasa B. Ford
Journal: JAMA (1972)

This is a valuable but lopsided book. It is probably the best history to date of American medicine in terms of its professional institutions and educational development. The "public interest" part of the subject, however, is presented only briefly and considered mainly as it affects professional activities. The author, who is associate professor of public health at Yale, gives us a meticulous account of the forms and organizations of American medicine from colonial times through the present. She has researched her subject thoroughly and documented it well. In refreshing contrast to other recent writings on the subject of the medical profession, her book is objective and factual in tone rather than polemical, although the presentation is somewhat marred by a colorless style and by unnecessary repetition. The dispassionate reader learns from this study, as from all history, that there is nothing new under the sun. Problems such as how medical
India's parliamentary panel sees nexus between drug regulators, manufacturers, and doctors
Authors: G. Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2012)

An Indian parliamentary panel has said a “collusive nexus” between India’s drug regulators, manufacturers, and doctors has facilitated the irregular approvals of drugs and threatens to compromise the interests of patients.

A standing committee of members of parliament who monitor the workings of the health ministry has said that India’s Central Drugs Standards Control Organisation, the top regulatory agency, has allowed dozens of drugs from domestic or foreign manufacturers to be marketed without the requirement for clinical trials.

The panel, which examined hundreds of documents from the offices of the regulatory agency, has also cited examples of letters sent by medical practitioners to drug regulators, articulating words of support for specific drugs with remarkable similarities between them in text.

The panel’s report, released last week, contains several sets of such letters, including three sets in which doctors argued that the requirement for clinical trials should be waived (http://164.100.47.5/newcommittee/reports/EnglishCommittees/Committee%20on%20Health%20and%20Family%20Welfare/59.pdf).

Under India’s drug laws, clinical trials are mandatory for all new drugs, including those that have been approved by regulators in other countries. The rules require that, while applicants for new drugs should submit available pharmacological, toxicological, and overseas clinical trials data, they should also conduct Phase III clinical trials to demonstrate efficacy and safety of the new drug in populations living in …
Influence of Age on Gastric Emptying in Healthy Chinese
Authors: C H KAO, T L LAI, S J WANG, G H CHEN, S H YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Radionuclide gastric emptying studies, including solid and liquid phases, were used to evaluate the gastric motility of healthy Chinese. Forty-eight patients (18-76 years old) and 38 volunteers (27-79 years old) accepted solid or liquid food gastric emptying studies, respectively. The solid meal was two fried eggs mixed with 500 µCi Tc-99m phytate and two pieces of toast to form a sandwich. The liquid meal was 500 ml of water with 5% glucose and 500 µCi Tc-99m phytate. Studies were performed with the subjects in the supine position and a gamma camera in a left anterior oblique (LAO) position while data were collected for 90 minutes and 30 minutes after finishing the solid and liquid meal, respectively. The gastric emptying time was presented as a half-time (t½) of the food emptying from the stomach. The study results showed that the t½ is 89.0 ± 17.8 in older patients (>60 years old) and 88.0 ± 18.2 in younger patients (≤60 years old) for the solid phase studies (P>0.05), and that the t½ is 46.2 ± 11.1 in older patients (>60 years old) and 31.9 ± 11.3 in younger patients (≤60 years old) for the liquid phase studies (P<0.05). We concluded that the age effects of gastric emptying in healthy Chinese occurred only in the liquid phase.
Gluten challenge in children with dermatitis herpetiformis: a clinical, morphological and immunohistological study.
Authors: I Kosnai, S Karpati, E Savilahti, M Verkasalo, P Bucsky, E Torok
Journal: Gut (1986)

Twenty one children with dermatitis herpetiformis were studied in an attempt to evaluate the response in the skin, in jejunal morphology, and in jejunal immunoglobulin containing cell counts to gluten elimination and subsequent gluten challenge. In all of the 15 patients whose jejunal biopsy was studied after the eventual gluten challenge the jejunal lesion had returned in 2.4 to 28 months. The numbers of IgA- and IgM-containing cells were similarly raised in primary and postchallenge biopsies. In the 13 patients whose skin improved during a gluten free diet and who were challenged with gluten the rash worsened and the dapsone/sulphapyridine requirement increased. The jejunal deterioration was equally marked in the six patients whose gluten challenge was stopped because of an intractable rash as it was in those who completed the preplanned challenge. The specimens of the former, however, had significantly more IgA-containing cells than specimens of the latter. The number of intraepithelial lymphocytes clearly reflected the degree of intestinal damage. IgA-containing cells proved to be the most sensitive indicator of an immune reaction taking place in the gut of these patients. Even in the two children with initially normal or nearly normal jejunal mucosa, the IgA cell counts in the jejunal lamina propria were markedly raised.
Laryngitis and Septicaemia due to H. Influenzae
Authors: S. de Navasquez
Journal: BMJ (1942)

physectomized dogs noted by Koster (1928), Houssay and Sammartino (1933, 1934), and Smith (1927); and the effects of pituitary extracts in causing parathyroid enlargement, noted by Anselmino and others (1935).In an examination of the para- thyroids reported by Hemphill and Stengel (1940) it was found that three of the four glands present were unusually small.The three smaller glands showed an increase of pale oxyphil cells; the fourth was formed exclusively of these.These changes suggest overactivity in a set of glands which for some reason were smaller than normal.Serum calcium changes have been noticed in only a few cases; in a series examined by Tager, Shelton, and Matzen (1939) the figures were within normal limits.Further problems are those presented by the high incidence in the female sex (98% in Moore's series) and the restriction of bony changes to the frontal bone.From the point of view of diagnosis the importance of the syndrome lies in the danger of treating the patient for something she has not got.My patient has.been treated once as a case of hypoglycaemia and once as a 'case of diabetic coma.The fact that she was insulin-resistant probably saved her from harm on that occasion.In some cases, however, a diagnosis of cerebral tumour has led to unnecessary operation.A know- ledge of the existence of the syndrome should serve to protect from these mistakes, and a radiograph of the skull which includes the frontal bone will always serve to establish the diagnosis. SummaryA case of hyperostosis frontalis interna is described and the literature briefly reviewed.Features of the case were narco- leptic attacks controlled by benzedrine, increased glucose tolerance, sudden gain in weight, restricted fields of vision; nerve deafness, and typical radiological findings.The importance of the syndrome lies in its differentiation from conditions requiring active medical or surgical intervention.
High frequency of Ikaros isoform 6 expression in acute myelomonocytic and monocytic leukemias: implications for up-regulation of the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-XL in leukemogenesis
Authors: Tomohito Yagi, Shigeyoshi Hibi, Mami Takanashi, Gen Kano, Yasuhiro Tabata, Toshihiko Imamura, Tohru Inaba, Akira Morimoto, Shinjiro Todo, Shinsaku Imashuku
Journal: Blood (2002)
“Remember: people—and animals”
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Injuries caused by sports and other forms of physical activity in young children constitute a significant public health burden. It is important to quantify this risk to ensure that the benefits of sport participation are not outweighed by the potential harms. This review summarises the literature reporting exposure-based injury rates for various forms of physical activity in children aged 15 years and younger. Forty eight studies were found, of which 27 reported injury rates per hourly based exposure measured and 21 reported injury rates according to some other measure. Fourteen different sports and activities were covered, mostly team ball sports, with soccer being the most widely studied. Injury definition and the method of ascertaining and measuring injuries differed between studies, which created a large variation in reported injury rates that did not necessarily represent actual differences in injury risk between activities. The highest hourly based injury rates were reported for ice hockey, and the lowest were for soccer, although the range of injury rates for both of these activities was wide. Very few studies have investigated sports-related injuries in children younger than 8 years or in unorganised sports situations.
The AMA Specialty Journals: Everyone, Including Grunts, Squeals Unfair
Authors: David O. Parrish
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> I read with interest your recent editorial on "Reaching the Readers: Experience With the AMA Specialty Journals."<sup>1</sup>Your strategy was certainly sound and your results were impressive. Before your policy and strategy were implemented in 1988, I looked forward to receiving the<i>Archives of Internal Medicine</i>and read the journal with great interest. Now I am excluded from receiving any of your specialty journals, despite being in the second largest medical specialty of family medicine. This greatly distresses me. I think a specialty journal for family medicine needs to be developed and distributed as the other specialty journals are, or family physicians should be given their choice of a medical specialty journal. As the AMA attempts to represent all physicians, it is appalling that it neglects this large segment of practicing physicians.
A Controlled Comparison of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD) and Dextroamphetamine in Alcoholics
Authors: LEO E. HOLLISTER, JACK SHELTON, GEORGE KRIEGER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

Seventy-two alcoholic patients were admitted to a controlled comparison of LSD and dextroamphetamine as treatments. In the context of little associated psychotherapeutic intervention, LSD produced slightly better results early, but after six months the results were alike for both treatment groups. Controlled studies of such treatments are not only possible but mandatory, the authors conclude, if one is not to be misled into ascribing special therapeutic attributes to a specific treatment.