tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Targeting the ANG2/TIE2 Axis Inhibits Tumor Growth and Metastasis by Impairing Angiogenesis and Disabling Rebounds of Proangiogenic Myeloid Cells
Authors: Roberta Mazzieri, Ferdinando Pucci, Davide Moi, Erika Zonari, Anna Ranghetti, Alvise Berti, Letterio S. Politi, Bernhard Gentner, Jeffrey L. Brown, Luigi Naldini, Michele De Palma
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
ABC of Breast Diseases: Breast cancer: treatment of elderly patients and uncommon conditions
Authors: J M Dixon, J R C Sainsbury, A Rodger
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Background</h3> Vibration-induced white finger (VWF) is the vascular component of the hand–arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). Two tests have been standardised so as to assist the diagnosis of VWF: the measurement of finger rewarming times and the measurement of finger systolic blood pressures (FSBPs). <h3>Objectives</h3> This study investigates whether the two tests distinguish between fingers with and without symptoms of whiteness and compares individual results between the two test methods. <h3>Methods</h3> In 60 men reporting symptoms of the HAVS, the times for their fingers to rewarm by 4°C (after immersion in 15°C water for 5 min) and FSBPs at 30°C, 15°C and 10°C were measured on the same day. <h3>Results</h3> There were significant increases in finger rewarming times and significant reductions in FSBPs at both 15°C and 10°C in fingers reported to suffer blanching. The FSBPs had sensitivities and specificities &gt;90%, whereas the finger rewarming test had a sensitivity of 77% and a specificity of 79%. Fingers having longer rewarming times had lower FSBPs at both temperatures. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The findings suggest that, when the test conditions are controlled according to the relevant standard, finger rewarming times and FSBPs can provide useful information for the diagnosis of VWF, although FSBPs are more sensitive and more specific.
Intranasal Glucagon as Remedy for Hypoglycemia: Studies in Healthy Subjects and Type I Diabetic Patients
Authors: Antonio E Pontiroli, Anna Calderara, Elena Pajetta, Miriam Alberetto, Guido Pozza
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

Intranasal glucagon can raise blood glucose levels in healthy subjects. The aims of this study were to 1) compare the hyperglycemic effect of intranasal and intramuscular glucagon in healthy subjects and type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes patients during euglycemic conditions and 2) test the efficacy of intranasal and intramuscular glucagon in counteracting hypoglycemic episodes in insulin-treated diabetic patients. Intranasal glucagon raised blood glucose levels in both healthy subjects and type I diabetic patients, the effect of intramuscular glucagon being similar for the first 30 min and higher thereafter. Intranasal glucagon was also quicker acting than oral glucose in healthy subjects. Intranasal glucagon raised blood glucose levels in patients with hypoglycemic episodes, although less effectively than intramuscular glucagon. These data indicate intranasal glucagon as a possible emergency remedy for self-medication in insulin-treated patients prone to hypoglycemic episodes.
Aberrant hepatic processing causes removal of activation peptide and primary polymerisation site from fibrinogen Canterbury (A alpha 20 Val --&gt; Asp).
Authors: S O Brennan, B Hammonds, P M George
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

A novel mechanism of molecular disease was uncovered in a patient with prolonged thrombin time and a mild bleeding tendency. DNA sequencing of the fibrinogen A alpha chain indicated heterozygosity for a mutation of 20 Val --> Asp. The molar ratio of fibrinopeptide A to B released by thrombin was substantially reduced at 0.64 suggesting either impaired cleavage or that the majority of the variant alpha chains lacked the A peptide. The latter novel proposal arises from the observation that the mutation changes the normal 16R G P R V20 sequence to R G P R D creating a potential furin cleavage site at Arg 19. Synthetic peptides incorporating both sequences were tested as substrates for both thrombin and furin. There was no substantial difference in the thrombin catalyzed cleavage. However, the variant peptide, but not the normal, was rapidly cleaved at Arg 19 by furin. Predictably intracellular cleavage of the Aalpha-chain at Arg 19 would remove fibrinopeptide A together with the G P R polymerisation site. This was confirmed by sequence analysis of fibrinogen Aalpha chains after isolation by SDS-PAGE. The expected normal sequence was detected together with a new sequence (D V E R H Q S A-) commencing at residue 20. Truncation was further verified by nonreducing SDS-PAGE of the NH2-terminal disulfide knot which indicated the presence of aberrant homo- and heterodimers.
Abortion without Haemorrhage: Case of Protracted Retention of Blighted Ovum
Authors: R. U. West
Journal: BMJ (1857)

Again, why does the heart cease its office, and the lungs yet continue to expand -and contract-aye, to inhale oxygen, but nevertheless fail to stimulate " the lord of the bosom " to persist in his wonted beat?Simply, I imagine, because the cerebral or ministerial centre has, through the agency of the " leprous distilment" poured into the blood, been deprived of the neces- sary supplies of healthy nourishment-the means, in fact, of carrying on the government and life of the constitution.The lungs, aided by the tenacious muscles, acting as long as the
DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS: FAILURE TO RESPOND TO PENICILLIN
Authors: R. G. PARK
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1945)

Journal Article DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS: FAILURE TO RESPOND TO PENICILLIN Get access R. G. PARK, M.D., M.R.C.P. R. G. PARK, M.D., M.R.C.P. Lieut.‐Colonel, New Zealand Medical Corps, 1st N.Z. General Hospital, C.M.F Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 57, Issue 7-8, 1 July 1945, Pages 151–152, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1945.tb11219.x Published: 01 July 1945
A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV caused by a D157N mutation in the<i>MATP</i>gene
Authors: T. Suzuki, K. Inagaki, K. Fukai, A. Obana, S-T. Lee, Y. Tomita
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article A Korean case of oculocutaneous albinism type IV caused by a D157N mutation in the MATP gene Get access T. Suzuki, T. Suzuki Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa‐ku, Nagoya 466‐8550, Japan Departments of Dermatology Tamio Suzuki. E‐mail: tasuzuki@med.nagoya‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Inagaki, K. Inagaki Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa‐ku, Nagoya 466‐8550, Japan Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Fukai, K. Fukai Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa‐ku, Nagoya 466‐8550, Japan Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Obana, A. Obana Ophthalmology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S‐T. Lee, S‐T. Lee Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Tomita Y. Tomita Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa‐ku, Nagoya 466‐8550, Japan Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 152, Issue 1, 1 January 2005, Pages 174–175, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06403.x Published: 01 January 2005 Article history Accepted: 16 September 2004 Published: 01 January 2005
Predictors of suppurative complications for acute sore throat in primary care: prospective clinical cohort study
Authors: P. Little, B. Stuart, F. D. R. Hobbs, C. C. Butler, A. D. Hay, J. Campbell, B. Delaney, S. Broomfield, P. Barratt, K. Hood, H. Everitt, M. Mullee, I. Williamson, D. Mant, M. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2013)

To document whether elements of a structured history and examination predict adverse outcome of acute sore throat.Prospective clinical cohort.Primary care.14,610 adults with acute sore throat (≤ 2 weeks' duration).Common suppurative complications (quinsy or peritonsillar abscess, otitis media, sinusitis, impetigo or cellulitis) and reconsultation with new or unresolving symptoms within one month.Complications were assessed reliably (inter-rater κ=0.95). 1.3% (177/13,445) of participants developed complications overall and 14.2% (1889/13,288) reconsulted with new or unresolving symptoms. Independent predictors of complications were severe tonsillar inflammation (documented among 13.0% (1652/12,717); odds ratio 1.92, 95% confidence interval 1.28 to 2.89) and severe earache (5% (667/13,323); 3.02, 1.91 to 4.76), but the model including both variables had modest prognostic utility (bootstrapped area under the receiver operator curve 0.61, 0.57 to 0.65), and 70% of complications (124/177) occurred when neither was present. Clinical prediction rules for bacterial infection (Centor criteria and FeverPAIN) also predicted complications, but predictive values were also poor and most complications occurred with low scores (67% (118/175) scoring ≤ 2 for Centor; 126/173 (73%) scoring ≤ 2 for FeverPAIN). Previous medical problems, sex, temperature, and muscle aches were independently but weakly associated with reconsultation with new or unresolving symptoms.Important suppurative complications after an episode of acute sore throat in primary care are uncommon. History and examination and scores to predict bacterial infection cannot usefully identify those who will develop complications. Clinicians will need to rely on strategies such as safety netting or delayed prescription in managing the uncertainty and low risk of complications.
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 is the 85 KDA pronase resistant biliary glycoprotein in the cholesterol crystallization promoting low density particle
Authors: Milan Jirsa, Lucie Muchova, Lubica Draberova, Petr Draber, Frantisek Smid, Zdenek Marecek, Masahide Kuroki, Albert K. Groen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Two routes to leukemic transformation after a JAK2 mutation–positive myeloproliferative neoplasm
Authors: Philip A. Beer, François Delhommeau, Jean-Pierre LeCouédic, Mark A. Dawson, Edwin Chen, David Bareford, Rajko Kušec, Mary Frances McMullin, Claire N. Harrison, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, William Vainchenker, Anthony R. Green
Journal: Blood (2009)
Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 Upregulates Integrin α5 Expression to Promote Breast Cancer Cell Adhesion and Migration
Authors: Li Qin, Xian Chen, Yelin Wu, Zhen Feng, Tao He, Li Wang, Lan Liao, Jianming Xu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Metastatic breast cancer remains a lethal disease with poorly understood molecular mechanisms. Steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1 or NCOA1) is overexpressed in a subset of breast cancers with poor prognosis. It potentiates gene expression by serving as a coactivator for nuclear receptors and other transcription factors. We previously reported that SRC-1 promotes breast cancer metastasis without affecting primary mammary tumor formation. Herein, we found that SRC-1 deficiency in mouse and human breast cancer cells substantially reduced cell adhesion and migration capabilities on fibronectin and significantly extended the time of focal adhesion disassembly and reassembly. In agreement with this phenotype, SRC-1 expression positively correlated with integrin α(5) (ITGA5) expression in estrogen receptor-negative breast tumors whereas SRC-1 deficiency decreased ITGA5 expression. Furthermore, ITGA5 reduction in SRC-1-deficient/insufficient breast cancer cells or knockdown of ITGA5 in SRC-1-expressing breast cancer cells was associated with a disturbed integrin-mediated signaling. Critical downstream changes included reduced phosphorylation and/or dampened activation of focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, Rac1, and Erk1/2 during cell adhesion. Finally, we found that SRC-1 enhanced ITGA5 promoter activity through an AP-1 (activator protein)-binding site proximal to the transcriptional initiation site; both SRC-1 and c-Jun were recruited to this promoter region in breast cancer cells. These results show that SRC-1 can promote breast cancer metastasis by directly enhancing ITGA5 expression and thus promoting ITGA5-mediated cell adhesion and migration. Therefore, targeting ITGA5 in SRC-1-positive breast cancers may result in inhibition of SRC-1-promoted breast cancer metastasis.
The Role of Bone SPECT/CT in the Evaluation of Lumbar Spinal Fusion With Metallic Fixation Devices
Authors: Morten Damgaard, Lars Nimb, Jan L. Madsen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

It is difficult to evaluate the stability of the lumbar spondylodesis with metallic fixation devices by conventional imaging methods such as radiography or magnetic resonance imaging. It is unknown whether single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) may be useful to detect a lack of fixation of the pedicle screws and hence to predict instability of the fused vertebral segments.A retrospective analysis of 9 patients who were referred to bone scintigraphy, including combined SPECT/CT, due to persistent pain or discomfort after stabilizing lumbar surgery with metallic implants. The SPECT/CT findings were compared with observations from subsequent surgical reexploration.In 6 of 9 patients, the SPECT/CT fully or partially detected the vertebral level of loose pedicle screws. Of 9 cases, 2 were considered inconclusive, whereas in 1 case loose pedicle screws were detected at a wrong vertebral level.SPECT/CT may be useful to detect a lack of fixation of the metallic implants, and hence instability of the spondylodesis by evaluating the focal bone mineralization activity in relation to the pedicle screws.
WT1 mutations in T-ALL
Authors: Valeria Tosello, Marc R. Mansour, Kelly Barnes, Maddalena Paganin, Maria Luisa Sulis, Sarah Jenkinson, Christopher G. Allen, Rosemary E. Gale, David C. Linch, Teresa Palomero, Pedro Real, Vundavalli Murty, Xiaopan Yao, Susan M. Richards, Anthony Goldstone, Jacob Rowe, Giuseppe Basso, Peter H. Wiernik, Elisabeth Paietta, Rob Pieters, Martin Horstmann, Jules P. P. Meijerink, Adolfo A. Ferrando
Journal: Blood (2009)
Two decades on an ethics committee
Authors: George Masterton
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I am in my 20th year of continuous service on research ethics committees and my 15th as an office holder. It is time to take stock. I do so aware that a lot has been written about ethics committees by researchers, most of it highly critical, whereas committee members have published much less about their experiences and views.

When I began, a senior colleague cautioned that ethics committee duties were not the route to wealth, prestige, or foreign travel: these were the privileges of the researchers. Our main rewards were intangible: protecting patients from bad research and contributing to the greater good. Altruism wasn't the only motivation, however: the work promised stimulating intellectual challenges and the ability to keep abreast of medical developments as they unfolded. And so it has proved.

> It is a rare pleasure to receive a submission from an investigator who knows how to design a trial 

What wasn't mentioned when …
Treatment of Undulant Fever
Authors: R. M. Morris
Journal: BMJ (1948)

when serving as the military member of the Medical Advisory Division, S.E.A.C., was of the opinion that relatively light contact by mosquitoes with walls sprayed with a 5% solution of D.D.T. in kerosene resulted in a " biting inhibition " reaction which prevented the insect from feeding, either by an initial peripheral paralysis or by loss of appetite caused by the D.D.T.This effect has been noted recently with the stinging of wasps in Sweden and with Stomnoxys in this country.Concerning the lack of toxic vapour we have clear evidence that vapours emanating from screened surfaces painted with D.D.T. are lethal to flies in enclosed spaces, though whether directly or by readsorption on to treated surrounds has not beer.determined.-Weare, etc.,
Microvascular abnormalities in the mucosal prolapse syndrome.
Authors: R N Lonsdale
Journal: Gut (1993)

Twenty two cases of colorectal mucosal prolapse from a variety of clinical situations were examined histologically to identify changes in the microvasculature which may predispose to ulceration. The findings were compared with 10 tubular adenomas and 10 hyperplastic polyps. Fibrin insudation into vessel walls and thickened mucosal vessels were significantly associated with the presence of ulceration. Possible mechanisms of ulceration are discussed, and an hypothesis based on a microvascular pathogenesis is presented.
Health can take precedence over trade issues, says report
Authors: S. Kumar
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In the ongoing tension between the quest for profits and people's health care, “health can take precedence over trade issues,” reassures a new joint study by the World Health Organization and the World Trade Organization (WTO).

“If necessary, governments may put aside WTO commitments in order to protect human life,” said the new report, WTO Agreements and Public Health. The principal coordinator of the study was Miguel Rodriguez Mendoza, deputy director general of the WTO.

According to WTO jurisprudence, human health has been recognised as being “important in the highest degree,” the report also said.

Serious concerns have been raised that …
Optimal criteria for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease by dobutamine stress echocardiography. One or more ischemic segments?
Authors: A. Elhendy, M.L. Geleijnse, R.T. van Domhurg, P.R. Nierop, J.J. Bax, G.M. El-Said, M.M. Ibrahim, Y.F.M. Nosir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Body Fat and the Activity of the Autonomic Nervous System
Authors: H R Peterson, M Rothschild, C R Weinberg, R D Fell, K R McLeish, M A Pfeifer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

The cause of most cases of human obesity is unknown. Specific alterations in the activity of the autonomic nervous system may mediate and perhaps cause obesity in animal models. We therefore looked for alterations in autonomic activity in human obesity. Fifty-six healthy men with various percentages of body fat underwent autonomic testing while at rest. Significant correlations were found between the percentage of body fat and the variation in the R-R interval after beta-adrenergic blockade (r = -0.30, P less than 0.03), the heart rate (r = 0.30, P less than 0.03), the plasma norepinephrine concentration (r = -0.30, P less than 0.05), the plasma epinephrine concentration (r = -0.49, P less than 0.001), and the pupillary latency period (r = 0.39, P less than 0.01). Each of these variables reflects the activity of the sympathetic nervous system or parasympathetic nervous system or both. Depressions in sympathetic and parasympathetic activity were significantly but weakly associated with increasing percentages of body fat. These associations indicate that in obese persons, autonomic changes, though not necessarily causal, involve several organ systems. We suggest that autonomic alterations are important in human obesity, as they are in animal obesity. A disordered homeostatic mechanism may promote excessive storage of energy by decreasing sympathetic activity, while defending against weight gain by decreasing parasympathetic activity. The use of autonomic profiles holds promise for classifying human obesity and identifying obese patients at increased risk for various disorders.
A Sleeping Beauty screen reveals NF-kB activation in CLL mouse model
Authors: Nicola Zanesi, Veronica Balatti, Jesse Riordan, Aaron Burch, Lara Rizzotto, Alexey Palamarchuk, Luciano Cascione, Alessandro Lagana, Adam J. Dupuy, Carlo M. Croce, Yuri Pekarsky
Journal: Blood (2013)
Stimulating Full-Length SMN2 Expression by Delivering Bifunctional RNAs via a Viral Vector
Authors: Travis Baughan, Monir Shababi, Tristan H. Coady, Alexa M. Dickson, Gregory E. Tullis, Christian L. Lorson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder that is the leading genetic cause of infant mortality. SMA is caused by the loss of survival motor neuron-1 (SMN1). In humans, a nearly identical copy gene is present, called SMN2. SMN2 is retained in all SMA patients and encodes an identical protein compared to SMN1. However, a single silent nucleotide difference in SMN2 exon 7 results in the production of a spliced isoform (called SMNΔ7) that encodes a nonfunctional protein. The presence of SMN2 represents a unique therapeutic target since SMN2 has the capacity to encode a fully functional protein. Here we describe an in vivo delivery system for short bifunctional RNAs that modulate SMN2 splicing. Bifunctional RNAs derive their name from the presence of two domains: an antisense RNA sequence specific to a target RNA and an untethered RNA segment that serves as a binding platform for splicing factors. Plasmid-based and recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors were developed that expressed bifunctional RNAs that stimulated SMN2 exon 7 inclusion and full-length SMN protein in patient fibroblasts. These experiments provide a mechanism to modulate splicing from a variety of genetic contexts and demonstrate directly a novel therapeutic approach for SMA.
Origin of Endothelium in Human Renal Allografts
Authors: R. A. Sinclair
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Sex chromatin counts performed on the endothelial cells of 40 human kidneys transplanted to recipients of the opposite sex showed that the donor endothelium had persisted except in three poorly functioning and severely damaged grafts. In these a high proportion of the endothelial cells in peritubular capillaries and veins were derived from the host. Endothelial repopulation of organ allografts probably occurs only after severe tissue injury, and it cannot explain the phenomenon of graft adaptation. Repopulated endothelium may be derived from circulating cells.
Oil fired boilers and body odours
Authors: S W Davies
Journal: BMJ (1989)

cross the blood-brain barrier and may be given by inhalation.5 6In the few asthmatic patients whose symptoms are worsened by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (those sensitive to aspirin) we recommend using paracetamol for mild analgesia; for more severe analgesia opiates are not contraindicated provided that asthma is adequately controlled.
Comparison of blood tests for liver fibrosis specific or not to NAFLD
Authors: Paul Calès, Fabrice Lainé, Jérôme Boursier, Yves Deugnier, Valérie Moal, Frédéric Oberti, Gilles Hunault, Marie Christine Rousselet, Isabelle Hubert, Jihane Laafi, Pierre Henri Ducluzeaux, Françoise Lunel
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Enhanced drug metabolism in cigarette smokers.
Authors: P Hart, G C Farrell, W G Cooksley, L W Powell
Journal: BMJ (1976)

The effect of cigarette smoking on salivary antipyrine disappearance rate, and as an index of hepatic drug metabolism, was studied in 42 healthy subjects. Antipyrine half life was significantly shorter in smokers compared with non-smokers. To determine whether this difference was due solely to tobacco consumption eight subjects were restudied two months after they stopped smoking. The mean antipyrine disappearance rate in this group increased by 23% in contrast to that of a control group, which did not alter. Cigarette smoking contributes to the considerable variation in interindividual rates of drug metabolism.