tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Toxicity and fetotoxicity of TCDD, TCDF and PCB isomers in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta).
Authors: W P McNulty
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1985)

In rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), consumption of food containing commercial polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixtures, some pure polychlorobiphenyl congeners, 2,3,7,8- tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) caused the same clinical toxic manifestations and histopathologic lesions, although the potencies of the toxicants covered a range of five orders of magnitude. Recovery from poisoning by 3,4,3',4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (34TCB) or TCDF was rapid, whereas recovery from poisoning by Aroclor 1242, 3,4,5,3', 4', 5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (345HCB) or TCDD was protracted, if it occurred at all. 34TCB did not appreciably accumulate in body fat, but the level of 345HCB in fat rose steadily during ingestion. In one monkey, 25% of TCDD stored in fat after a single dose was still present after 2 years. Among the symmetrical tetra-and hexachlorobiphenyl isomers tested, subacute oral toxicity could be demonstrated only for those without ortho chlorine substitutions. 34TCB and 345HCB were toxic at dietary levels of less than 1 ppm, but ingestion of food containing 2,5,2',5'- tetrachlorobiphenyl at 5 ppm, or 2,4,5,2',4',5'-, 2,4,6,2',4',6'-, or 2,3,6,2',3',6'-hexachlorobiphenyl at 15 or 65 ppm, caused no discernible deleterious effects. The principal demonstrable histopathological lesions, bone marrow excepted, were metaplasias in some specialized epithelial structures, such as sebaceous glands, nail beds, gastric mucosa, ameloblast, and thymic corpuscles. These changes were interpreted as toxicant-induced, reversible redirection of differentiation. This aberration was wholly reversible. TCDD and 34TCB caused abortions when given in one or a few oral doses early in pregnancy. At the total doses used (1 or 5 micrograms/kg of body weight for TCDD, 3 or 0.6 mg/kg of body weight for 34TCB), maternal toxicity was frequently apparent subsequent to the abortion.
Proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cells via PPP2R5C down-regulation
Authors: Qi Shen, Sichu Liu, Yu Chen, Lijian Yang, Shaohua Chen, Xiuli Wu, Bo Li, Yuhong Lu, Kanger Zhu, Yangqiu Li
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2013)

Abstract Despite the success of imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) remains largely incurable, and a number of CML patients die due to Abl mutation-related drug resistance and blast crisis. The aim of this study was to evaluate proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction by down-regulating PPP2R5C gene expression in the imatinib-sensitive and imatinib-resistant CML cell lines K562, K562R (imatinib resistant without an Abl gene mutation), 32D-Bcr-Abl WT (imatinib-sensitive murine CML cell line with a wild type Abl gene) and 32D-Bcr-Abl T315I (imatinib resistant with a T315I Abl gene mutation) and primary cells from CML patients by RNA interference. PPP2R5C siRNAs numbered 799 and 991 were obtained by chemosynthesis. Non-silencing siRNA scrambled control (SC)-treated, mock-transfected, and untreated cells were used as controls. The PPP2R5C mRNA and protein expression levels in treated CML cells were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, and in vitro cell proliferation was assayed with the cell counting kit-8 method. The morphology and percentage of apoptosis were revealed by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry (FCM). The results demonstrated that both siRNAs had the best silencing results after nucleofection in all four cell lines and primary cells. A reduction in PPP2R5C mRNA and protein levels was observed in the treated cells. The proliferation rate of the PPP2R5C -siRNA-treated CML cell lines was significantly decreased at 72 h, and apoptosis was significantly increased. Significantly higher proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction were found in K562R cells treated with PPP2R5C -siRNA799 than K562 cells. In conclusion, the suppression of PPP2R5C by RNA interference could inhibit proliferation and effectively induce apoptosis in CML cells that were either imatinib sensitive or resistant. Down-regulating PPP2R5C gene expression might be considered as a new therapeutic target strategy for CML, particularly for imatinib-resistant CML.
Do gut microbial communities differ in pediatric IBS and health?
Authors: Vijay Shankar, Richard Agans, Benjamin Holmes, Michael Raymer, Oleg Paliy
Journal: Gut Microbes (2013)

Human gastrointestinal microbial communities are recognized as important determinants of the host health and disease status. We have recently examined the distal gut microbiota of two groups of children: healthy adolescents and those diagnosed with diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We have revealed the common core of phylotypes shared among all children, identified genera differentially abundant between two groups and surveyed possible relationships among intestinal microbial genera and phylotypes. In this article we explored the use of supervised and unsupervised ordination and classification methods to separate and classify child fecal samples based on their quantitative microbial profile. We observed sample separation according to the participant health status, and this separation could often be attributed to the abundance levels of several specific microbial genera. We also extended our original correlation network analysis of the relative abundances of bacterial genera across samples and determined possible association networks separately for healthy and IBS groups. Interestingly, the number of significant genus abundance associations was drastically lower among the IBS samples, which can potentially be attributed to the existence of multiple routes to microbiota disbalance in IBS or to the loss of microbial interactions during IBS development.
Six cases report of differential diagnosis of periapical diseases
Authors: Wen‐wei Xia, Ya‐qin Zhu, Xiao‐yi Wang
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2011)

The distinction of some particular forms of periapical area, involving diseases from regular periapical disease, is a matter of considerable importance when choosing a correct treatment. The aim of this study is to describe the differential diagnosis of periapical diseases from six rare cases in clinical practice. The six rare cases are examples of situations where it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis in clinical practice. By retrospective surveys on the clinical examination, radiographs and pathological results, six patients referred to endodontic treatment in our department were analyzed for the accuracy of diagnosis and therapy. The pathoses of the six cases included two atypical radical cysts, periapical cemental dysplasia, cemento‐ossifying fibroma, thymus cancer metastasis in the periapical site and tuberculosis. This report indicates that endodontists should be cognizant of a few particular circumstances when clinically treating periapical diseases.
Careers for diabetic girls in nursing
Authors: H K E Browning
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Sir,?I have been following the discussion on nurse training with interest (17 May, p 1227; 28 June, p 1616). May I remind your readers that the acceptance or rejection of a candidate is the responsibility of the school of nursing ? Decisions are made in the light of all the factors, including the advice of the medical practitioner who has carried out the medical examination. Although the nursing staff selecting candidates are guided by the com ments of the medical adviser (why else would it be routine practice for such advice to be obtained?), it is for them to say whether a person is to be offered a place in the school they organise. It would be wrong to tell any diabetic candidates for nursing that their chances of being accepted are absolutely equal to those of a non-diabetic person. I know of no evidence that to be a diabetic necessarily makes a person a better nurse; so given a choice between two candidates with equivalent academic qualifications, good references, and apparently high motivation, the non-diabetic is likely to be chosen in preference to the diabetic. Nurse training is not a therapy for an individual?it is a physically and mentally demanding course for which one tries to select those people likely to complete the course with least difficulty. I hope this letter will not be interpreted as implying that diabetic people cannot success fully complete nurse training, for indeed they have done so in the training schools for which I am responsible; but to pretend that diabetes is not a factor which must be considered and which may be a handicap to a potential nurse is to be unrealistic. H K E Browning
Communication between GPs and psychiatrists.
Authors: H Richards
Journal: BMJ (1993)

all that is private is bad-an unfortunate throwback to Nehru's era of pseudosocialism.Reality is very different, with most government teaching hospitals being poorly equipped, maintained, and staffed.On the other hand, some private institu- tions, like the Kasturba Medical College at Manipal, are acknowledged to be among the best in the country.Thirdly, the judgment provides that half of the seats will be filled by students who will pay the same fee as that levied by the state subsidised government colleges.This ignores the fact that the private colleges do not enjoy any subsidy and that therefore, in effect, the educational expenses of these students will be met by the other half, who will pay a higher fee, and this is in no way fair.Instead of taking a futuristic view the Supreme Court has taken an unfortunate step backwards.
Essays on Ego Psychology: Selected Problems in Psychoanalytic Theory
Authors: Leon J. Saul
Journal: JAMA (1964)

This volume, with the many advantages and disadvantages of a collection of selected papers, makes available the author's thoughts on topics that have engaged his attention over a period of years. Hartman is known for his studies of the ego, and this book puts together his papers on this and related subjects (as well as others which are only loosely related). The reader has between two covers, instead of in a variety of journals, the writings of a well-known thinker on ego psychology. Since the articles span some 25 years, there is much overlap. As the author frankly states in the introduction, the book is just what its title indicates, a series of essays, and these are not internally integrated with each other. The textbook of ego psychology, says the author, remains to be written. One can well sympathize that a busy practitioner has not taken the material of these
The Effects of Compression of the Common Carotid Artery
Authors: L. Hill, B. Moore
Journal: BMJ (1894)

tion that the views of the Lyons school are correct, or as a typhoid bacillus sensu setricto, the characters of whiich hiave undergone alteration as the result of a clhanged environment.That environment can and does alter the biological characters of micro-organisms is indubitable, and this very case affords a striking example of the fact.It will have been noted that the 9-drop Parietti tube remained sterile, although inoculated with typhoid-containing water.A trace of e slightly turbid contents of the 6-drop tube was introduced, and the tube set aside for twenty-four hours at 370.The next day it was found to be turbid throughout, and plating out yielded a result identical withl that above described in the case of the other tubes.Organisms of the colon group are highly flexible in this way.In connection Rith other water analyses in which they were present, I have pushed the dosage of acid and plenol (as Parietti's solution)
Optimal Criteria for Care of Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease
Authors: Charles D. Sherman
Journal: JAMA (1973)

In this issue there appears a draft of a committee report dealing with "Optimal Criteria for Care of Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease." The report comes from an ad hoc committee appointed by the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Hospitals (JCAH). It partially carries out the terms of a contract between the JCAH and Regional Medical Program Services. Completion of the contract will implement Section 907 of the Public Health Service Act (Public Law 89-239, as amended by Public Law 91-515), which calls for the Secretary to establish and maintain current lists of facilities equipped and staffed to provide the most advanced methods and techniques for diagnosis and treatment of heart disease, cancer, stroke, or kidney disease, together with related information such as availability of specialized training, and to make the lists available to licensed practitioners and others requiring such information. With the enactment of Public Law 92-603, the Social
Biochemistry and Psychiatry with Special Reference to Psychopharmacology
Authors: Ronaldo Ucha Udabe
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1974)

The precarious position of biochemistry concerning normal behavior and the causes of mental illness may, of course, be simply temporary, reflecting a conspicuous lack of key components in the chemical jigsaw puzzle of normal behavior. Indeed, the picture may change drastically in the near future due to three discoveries, possibly of prime importance: the role of prostaglandins in controlling release and uptake of neurotransmitters; the role of cyclic adenosine-monophosphate (and its synthesizing enzyme, adenyl cyclase) in neural transmission, and the role of certain neurohormones within the central nervous system.
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Modulates Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Chronic Heart Failure via Angiogenesis-Dependent and -Independent Actions
Authors: Toshimasa Shigeta, Morihiko Aoyama, Yasuko K Bando, Akio Monji, Toko Mitsui, Miwa Takatsu, Xiang-Wu Cheng, Takahiro Okumura, Akihiro Hirashiki, Kohzo Nagata, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— The inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) protects the heart from acute myocardial ischemia. However, the role of DPP4 in chronic heart failure independent of coronary artery disease remains unclear. Methods and Results— We first localized the membrane-bound form of DPP4 to the capillary endothelia of rat and human heart tissue. Diabetes mellitus promoted the activation of the membrane-bound form of DPP4, leading to reduced myocardial stromal cell-derived factor-1α concentrations and resultant angiogenic impairment in rats. The diabetic rats exhibited diastolic left ventricular dysfunction (DHF) with enhanced interstitial fibrosis caused partly by the increased ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-2 to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 in a DPP4-dependent fashion. Both genetic and pharmacological DPP4 suppression reversed the stromal cell-derived factor-1α–dependent microvasculopathy and DHF associated with diabetes mellitus. Pressure overload induced DHF, which was reversed by DPP4 inhibition via a glucagon-like peptide-1/cAMP-dependent mechanism distinct from that for diabetic heart. In patients with DHF, the circulating DPP4 activity in peripheral veins was associated with that in coronary sinus and with E/e′, an echocardiographic parameter representing DHF. Comorbid diabetes mellitus increased the circulating DPP4 activities in both peripheral veins and coronary sinus. Conclusions— DPP4 inhibition reverses DHF via membrane-bound DPP4/stromal cell-derived factor-1α–dependent local actions on angiogenesis and circulating DPP4/glucagon-like peptide-1–mediated inotropic actions. Myocardium-derived DPP4 activity in coronary sinus can be monitored by peripheral vein sampling, which partly correlates with DHF index; thus, circulating DPP4 may potentially serve as a biomarker for monitoring DHF.
Left ventricular mechanics during right ventricular apical or left ventricular-based pacing in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation after atrioventricular junction ablation
Authors: Emmanuel N Simantirakis, Konstantinos E Vardakis, George E Kochiadakis, Emmanuel G Manios, Nikolaos E Igoumenidis, Michele Brignole, Panos E Vardas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Analysis of prostaglandin E2 effect on T lymphocyte activation. Abrogation of prostaglandin E2 inhibitory effect by the tumor promotor 12.0 tetradecanoyl phorbol-13 acetate.
Authors: S Chouaib, R J Robb, K Welte, B Dupont
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

We have investigated the inhibitory potential of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) with respect to intracellular messengers implicated in the signaling system of T-lymphocyte activation pathway. Using the fluorescent indicator Quin 2, it is demonstrated that PGE2 inhibits the increase in cytosolic-free calcium concentration [Ca2+]i. Reconstitution of calcium mobilization in the presence of PGE2 by the calcium ionophore A23187 results in a partial restoration of both interleukin 2 (IL2) production and cell proliferation and has no effect on the inhibition of transferrin receptor expression. In contrast, the treatment of cell cultures with the tumor promotor 12.0 tetra decanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) abrogates the suppressor activity of PGE2. When T lymphocyte stimulation is provided by the combination of A23187 and TPA, the PGE2 inhibitory effect does not occur. These data also indicate that the down regulation of transferrin receptor by PGE2 is proximal to protein kinase C activation and is not associated with decreased expression of the functional IL2 receptor.
Long-term effects of physical training on coronary patients with impaired ventricular function.
Authors: A P Lee, R Ice, R Blessey, M E Sanmarco
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Eighteen patients with coronary heart disease and an ejection fraction of 0.40 or less were entered into an individualized exercise training program. Maximal symptom-limited exercise stress test and cardiac catheterization studies were performed initially and 12--42 months (average 18.5 months) after exercise training. At the time of the follow-up study, the mean functional aerobic impairment (FAI) improved from 32.1 to 23.4% (p less than or equal to 0.01); resting and submaximal heart rates were significantly lower (p less than 0.01 and 0.05, respectively). There was no significant change in the pulmonary artery or left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, cardiac index, stroke index, left ventricular end-diastolic volume or ejection fraction. Exercise training, therefore, can be beneficial even for patients with impaired ventricular function. Increase in physical work capacity was not correlated with improvement of ventricular function; on the other hand, exercise training did not cause deterioration of ventricular function.
Elevated levels of heme oxygenase‐1 activity and mRNA in peripheral blood adherent cells of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients
Authors: Richard D. Levere, Robert Staudinger, Gabriel Loewy, Attallah Kappas, Shigeki Shibahara, Nader G. Abraham
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

Abstract Patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) commonly develop hematological abnormalities, including anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Heme synthesis and heme degradation are critical to the maintenance of cellular heme homeostasis and to hematopoietic differentiation. We examined heme oxygenase activity and expression of the heme oxygenase gene in adherent cells (monocytes‐macrophages) obtained from the peripheral blood of AIDS patients and normal controls. Heme oxygenase activity in normal control cells was 43 ± 16 pmol bilirubin formed/4 × 10 5 cells/hr as compared to 133 ± 30 pmol bilirubin formed/4 × 10 5 cells/hr in the AIDS patients. Via blot hybridization analysis with human heme oxygenase cDNA, heme oxygenase mRNA levels in cells of the normal and the AIDS patients were compared. Total RNA from normal cells displayed only weak hybridization with the cDNA probe. In contrast, cells from peripheral blood of the AIDS patients displayed marked increases over normal levels in heme oxygenase mRNA. Heme oxygenase activity could be substantially suppressed by the competitive inhibitor of the enzyme, Sn‐mesoporphyrin. Elevated heme oxygenase activity in cells of AIDS patients could produce a decrease in cellular heme needed for transductional signalling for the growth factor network, which regulates the hematopoietic microenvironment, and for other metabolic purposes. Suppression of heme catabolism by inhibitors of this enzyme may thus be useful in potentiating erythropoietic responses in this disorder.
Prospects for Genetic Engineering in the Control of Human Hereditary Diseases.
Authors: J. Edwin Seegmiller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973Prospects for Genetic Engineering in the Control of Human Hereditary Diseases.J. Edwin Seegmiller, M.D.J. Edwin Seegmiller, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-813_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPractical payoffs from the intensive investment in research in the basic biological sciences of the past two decades are now giving promise of a renaissance in medicine. Some of the genetic factors responsible for even some of the commoner diseases are beginning to be identified. Prenatal diagnosis of a rapidly increasing number of serious hereditary diseases is now in operation at several centers. New approaches to the correction of some of the hereditary biochemical abnormalities are now possible through administration of specific co-factor precursors or reaction products. Other approaches being explored include enzyme and even gene replacement.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: La Jolla, California PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 813-813KeywordsEnzymesGenetic diseasesGenetic engineeringPrenatal diagnosis Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Compensatory leave for doctors in Sweden.
Authors: J. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Sterilization of Women-Blacker and Peel BRITISH 567 features of the populations served by individual hospitals.Uniformity of practice in regard to this particular operation is far from being achieved. Indications for SterilizationIn the questionary on indications returns were asked for under the following five headings: (a) physical diseases or defects making further pregnancy dangerous to health; (b) psychiatric indication; (c) domestic and family problems, including high parity, marital stress, etc. ; (d) in association with repeat caesarean section; and (e) in association with therapeutic termination of pregnancy.In 48-7% the indication was given as domestic and family problems (c).In 27-7% of the cases sterilization was carried out in association with either repeat caesarean section or termination of pregnancy.In 16% there was a physical disease or defect, and in only 7% was the primary indication a psychiatric one.As many of the sterilizations carried out in asso- ciation with caesarean section and even therapeutic termination may have been carried out for broadly social reasons, it is clear that this is the main indication for this operation.The figures suggest that there is less hesitation than might have been thought among gynaecologists in carrying out sterilization for broadly social as opposed to strictly medical reasons.
182 Protein oxidation in astrocyte of porto-caval shunted rats: Role of oxidative stress in hepatic encephalopathy
Authors: M. Jover, D. Diaz-Gómez, E. Fontiveros, L. Collantes de Terán, J. Parrado, I. Camacho, J. Bautista, M. Romero-Gomez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)