tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Points: Patient information leaflets
Authors: H. Martins
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Choosing a practice SIR,-The last section in the paper by Dr Brian Beaumont and Dr Malcolm McCoubrie (10 March, p 761) gives a varied list of "practice progonistic signs," but unfortunately the authors do not state the significance of these qualities.We are a coffee drinking, Christmas party giving practice, devoid of drug firm goodies and with a smoking partner.Our trainee is confused as to whether these signs bode good or ill for the future.
Fixed eruption due to trifluoperazine hydrochloride
Authors: A.J. Kanwar, Malkit Singh, Abdella Ibrahim El-Sheriff, M.S. Belhaj
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Fixed eruption due to trifluoperazine hydrochloride Get access A.J. Kanwar, A.J. Kanwar Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AI‐Arab Medical University Benghazi, Libya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Malkit Singh, Malkit Singh Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AI‐Arab Medical University Benghazi, Libya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Abdella Ibrahim El‐Sheriff, Abdella Ibrahim El‐Sheriff Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AI‐Arab Medical University Benghazi, Libya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.S. Belhaj M.S. Belhaj Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AI‐Arab Medical University Benghazi, Libya Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue 6, 1 December 1987, Pages 798–799, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb07363.x Published: 01 December 1987
Formoterol inhaled as dry powder or via pressurized metered‐dose inhaler in a cumulative dose‐response study
Authors: A. Ullman, C.‐G. Löfdah1, B. Melander, N. Svedmyr
Journal: Allergy (1996)

Formoterol administered by a dry‐powder (DP) capsule inhaler was compared with a pressurized metered‐dose inhaler (pMDI) with regard to bronchodilating and systemic effects. The study used a double‐blind, crossover, double‐dummy technique. Twelve patients with moderate reversible asthma in a stable phase were examined on two separate study days, and the inhalers were given in randomized order. After baseline measurements, increasing doses of formoterol were given at intervals of 75 min. FEV 1 and heart rate and tremor measurements were repeated after each dose, and the doses were 12 + 12 + 24 + 48 μg, giving a total dose of 96 μg. The peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was recorded in the morning before the first dose, after the last dose, and then repeatedly at home until 19 h after the last dose. There was an equal increase in ventilatory capacity at each dose level, independent of inhaler device. Repeated PEFR measurements after the last dose did not reveal any differences in duration of effect. There was a slight but statistically significant increase in heart rate and tremor after the highest doses of the DP formulation compared to the pMDI. These systemic effects can probably be explained by the reduced oral deposition of the aerosol caused by using a spacer. This study indicates that the DP and pMDI formulations of formoterol are equipotent in bronchodilation.
Sonic Hedgehog Maintains Cellular and Neurochemical Homeostasis in the Adult Nigrostriatal Circuit
Authors: Luis E. Gonzalez-Reyes, Miguel Verbitsky, Javier Blesa, Vernice Jackson-Lewis, Daniel Paredes, Karsten Tillack, Sudarshan Phani, Edgar R. Kramer, Serge Przedborski, Andreas H. Kottmann
Journal: Neuron (2012)
Calcified Cyst of Spleen
Authors: J. H. Donovan
Journal: BMJ (1948)

possible bearing on it have been obtained from observations on the spleen in an unselected series of 163 routine obstetric necropsies.In the course of this work it became obvious that there was some relation between splenic enlargement and gross hyperplasia of bone marrow, so the details about the latter are included in this analysis.In the normal adult the spleen has a mean weight of 150 g., with a range of from 80 to 200 g.The observa- tions made by Turnbull (Vaughan, 1936) on the bone marrow in normal non-pregnant patients may be briefly summarized here.His data were obtained, as in the present cases, from longitudinal section of the whole length of the femur.He found that between the ages of 15 and 20 the marrow is fully red, with specific gravity over 1000, in the upper third to 500 .. * half of the femur.During the next three years this mar- 40C * .*row becomes less in * Oe 0 * amount and also '
PERSONAL BLACK CARBON LEVELS INFLUENCE AUTONOMIC FUNCTION IN METABOLIC SYNDROME: INSIGHTS FROM THE PROSPECTIVE BEIJING AIRCMD STUDY (NIH FUND)
Authors: Z. Fan, Xiaoyi Zhao, Yanping Ruan, Jianhua Yan, M Lixian Sun, F Zhichao Sun, f Robert Brook, Qinghua Sun, Sanjay Rajagopalan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
The Control of Chemotherapy-Induced Emesis
Authors: LEONARD J. SEIGEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Nausea and vomiting are frequent and serious toxicities of cancer chemotherapy that have been largely ignored in the past. Recently there has been renewed interest in this significant problem, with important advances in understanding the physiology of vomiting and a burgeoning number of clinical trials that use newer classes of antiemetics. At present phenothiazines are the only class of antiemetics that have shown both efficacy and safety in large numbers of cancer patients, but they are inadequate against strongly emetic agents such as cisplatin. New agents and new approaches have shown promise but need additional testing before they can be recommended for routine use.
Mosquitoes and the Floods
Authors: P. G. Shute
Journal: BMJ (1953)

<h3>Objective</h3> To prospectively examine whether children of women with a pregnancy affected by severe pre-eclampsia (PE), compared to children of women without a PE-affected pregnancy, have differences in neurodevelopmental performance up to 5 years of age. <h3>Design</h3> Prospective cohort study. <h3>Setting</h3> Tertiary care centre. <h3>Participants</h3> Women were recruited following a PE-affected pregnancy. After each PE participant was recruited, the next normotensive woman without a prior history of PE and matched by parity, maternal age and race was invited to participate. Women with a history of chronic hypertension, diabetes or renal disease were excluded. Total enrolment included 129 PE-affected and 140 normotensive mothers. <h3>Outcome measures</h3> The primary outcome measure was failure of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ). The ASQ was completed yearly, until age 5. <h3>Results</h3> A significant difference was found in the proportion of ASQ categories failed in year 3 (p&lt;0.05), and this approached significance in years 1 and 4 (p&lt;0.10 and p&lt;0.15, respectively). At year 1, the number of ASQ categories failed was significantly greater among children born to PE mothers. A subgroup analysis revealed that a significant proportion of PE children born preterm (&lt;37 weeks) failed the ASQ in years 3 and 4 (p&lt;0.05), and when failed, those who were preterm failed significantly more categories (p&lt;0.05). A trend towards increased failure in the gross motor category was found. There was a significant positive correlation between maternal lifetime CVD risk score and number of ASQ categories failed at years 1 and 3 (p&lt;0.05). <h3>Conclusions</h3> Severe PE is associated with other adverse pregnancy outcomes, including intrauterine growth restriction and preterm birth, all of which are associated with increased neurodevelopment delays. Thus, PE indicates a need for early screening and intervention at the neurodevelopmental level to improve children9s long-term health, with larger studies required to tease out contributing factors.
New Zealand faces bed closures
Authors: C Essex
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Rural hospitals in New Zealand are threatened with closure under new government proposals to cut the number of hospital beds. New Zealand, which is the same size as Britain but has a population of only 3.4 million people, has numerous small rural hospitals. Some have permanent specialists and resident staff; others are run by general practitioners and visiting specialists. Prime Minister Jim Bolger, said last week: “Every medical professional knows we have too many hospital beds and that change was and still is necessary. Most people want the best health care for themselves and their families, and are prepared to travel to get it.” …
An Antioxidant Response Phenotype Shared between Hereditary and Sporadic Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Aikseng Ooi, Jing-Chii Wong, David Petillo, Douglas Roossien, Victoria Perrier-Trudova, Douglas Whitten, Bernice Wong Hui Min, Min-Han Tan, Zhongfa Zhang, Ximing J. Yang, Ming Zhou, Betty Gardie, Vincent Molinié, Stéphane Richard, Puay Hoon Tan, Bin Tean Teh, Kyle A. Furge
Journal: Cancer Cell (2011)
Ultrafast Computed Tomography as a Diagnostic Modality in the Detection of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Matthew J. Budoff, Demetrios Georgiou, Alan Brody, Arthur S. Agatston, John Kennedy, Christopher Wolfkiel, William Stanford, Paul Shields, Roger J. Lewis, Warren R. Janowitz, Stuart Rich, Bruce H. Brundage
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Ultrafast computed tomography (CT), by acquiring images of the proximal coronary arteries, detects coronary calcifications and has been demonstrated to be highly sensitive for the detection of coronary artery disease in many small studies. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between ultrafast CT scanning and coronary angiography in a large number of symptomatic patients.The study population consisted of 710 patients from six participating centers. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to evaluate the individual contributions of age, number of calcified vessels, and the calcium score for the probability of angiographically significant disease. Of the 710 patients enrolled, 427 patients had significant angiographic disease, and coronary calcification was detected in 404, yielding a sensitivity of 95%. Of the 23 patients without calcifications, 19 (83%) had single-vessel disease at angiography. Of the 283 patients without angiographically significant disease, 124 had negative ultrafast CT coronary studies, for a specificity of 44%. An increasing number of vessels with calcification present on ultrafast CT was found to increase specificity for the presence of obstructive coronary artery disease in at least one vessel (P < .0001). As the log of the calcium score increases, the probability of multivessel obstructive disease increases (P < .0001).Ultrafast CT scanning is an noninvasive, non-exercise-dependent test with an excellent sensitivity for the detection of coronary artery disease. The presence of calcifications in multiple vessels and in younger populations correlates with higher specificities for obstructive disease, making ultrafast CT coronary scanning a very useful diagnostic test.
The Nephrotic Syndrome and Pregnancy
Authors: Irwin A. Silberman, Donald A. Adams
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

THE nephrotic syndrome and pregnancy rarely co- exist. This may be attributed to the relative infrequency of this disease during the childbearing period and to the obstacles to conception afforded by any serious chronic and frequently incapacitating illness.Wegner1 reported 3 cases out of 12,000 deliveries in 1937. Seftel and Schewitz2 described 7 patients and later 7 others with renal-biopsy studies.3 Tillman4 noted 14 cases. Other isolated reports have appeared recently in the English-language literature-5 6 7 8 9 The nephrotic syndrome is a disease of unknown etiology characterized by edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia and hypercholesterolemia. It apparently occurs as a result of an antigen–antibody . . .
IMPORTANCIA DE LA ENDOSCOPIA DIGESTIVA ALTA Y PREVALENCIA DE H. PYLORI EN PACIENTES OBESOS ANTES DE LA CIRUGÍA BARIÁTRICA
Authors: L Márquez Pérez, MA Alvarez, L Carot Bastard, A García Rodríguez, S Delgado-Aros, I Ibañez, A Seoane Urgorri, F Bory Ros
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Introducción: La obesidad es un problema sanitario de importancia creciente con una prevalencia del 23% en la población adulta española. Los estudios sobre la prevalencia de lesiones endoscópicas y de Helicobacter pylori (Hp) en pacientes obesos son observacionales y los resultados son discordantes. En nuestro entorno no hemos encontrado datos publicados. Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia de lesiones endoscópicas y de Hp en pacientes obesos antes de la cirugía bariátrica. Métodos: Análisis retrospectivo de una serie consecutiva de pacientes obesos desde enero de 2006 hasta mayo de 2010 a los que se realizó una endoscopia digestiva alta previa a la cirugía bariátrica. Resultados: Se incluyeron 138 pacientes, 110 mujeres (80%). La edad media fue 44 años (IC 95% 42,5 – 45,7). El peso medio fue 113,6 kg (IC 95% 110,8 – 116,2), el IMC medio 42,4 (41,4 – 43,3). Se demostraron lesiones endoscópicas en 51 pacientes (37%): 21 esofagitis por reflujo, 27 gastritis, 11 duodenitis, 6 úlceras gástricas y 1 úlcera duodenal. No hubo ninguna neoplasia. Se objetivó hernia de hiato en 45 pacientes (33%). La prevalencia de Hp fue 54% en los 99 pacientes en los que se analizó. No hubo asociación significativa entre la presencia de Hp o lesiones endoscópicas y el IMC. Tampoco hubo asociación significativa entre el IMC y la presencia de hernia de hiato. El tiempo de espera medio hasta la cirugía bariátrica fue 7,5 meses (IC 95% 6,1 – 8,8) y la presencia de lesiones endoscópicas pépticas o de hernia de hiato no contraindicó ninguna intervención ni retrasó el tiempo hasta la cirugía. Conclusiones: Los pacientes obesos presentan una prevalencia elevada de H. pylori, de lesiones endoscópicas de origen péptico y de hernia de hiato. Estos hallazgos no contraindican la cirugía ni la retrasan.
More people face treatment rationing as AIDS funding is cut
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A global pullback on commitments to fund and fight AIDS is resulting in restrictions on the number of people being enrolled into treatment programmes, more frequent drug shortages, and reduced national AIDS budgets, says a new report.

An estimated four million people in the developing world have begun HIV treatment, thanks largely to programmes such as the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) and the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, says the report from the International Treatment Preparedness Coalition, which campaigns to improve access to treatment. But resources are insufficient to provide treatment to another six million people who should be getting it.

The second figure would rise by an additional three to five million people if …
Local Calcium Release in Dendritic Spines Required for Long-Term Synaptic Depression
Authors: Mariko Miyata, Elizabeth A. Finch, Leonard Khiroug, Kouichi Hashimoto, Shizu Hayasaka, Sen-Ichi Oda, Minoru Inouye, Yoshiko Takagishi, George J. Augustine, Masanobu Kano
Journal: Neuron (2000)
Risk Factors for Relapse in Health Care Professionals With Substance Use Disorders
Authors: Karen B. Domino
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Substance use disorders among physicians are important and persistent problems. Considerable debate exists over whether use of major opioids, especially among anesthesiologists, is associated with a higher relapse rate compared with alcohol and nonopioids. Moreover, the risk factors for relapse with current treatment and monitoring strategies are unknown.To test the hypothesis that chemically dependent health care professionals using a major opioid (eg, fentanyl, sufentanil, morphine, meperidine) as drug of choice are at higher risk of relapse.Retrospective cohort study of 292 health care professionals enrolled in the Washington Physicians Health Program, an independent posttreatment monitoring program, followed up between January 1, 1991, and December 31, 2001.Factors associated with relapse, defined as the resumption of substance use after initial diagnosis and completion of primary treatment for chemical dependency.Twenty-five percent (74 of 292 individuals) had at least 1 relapse. A family history of a substance use disorder increased the risk of relapse (hazard ratio [HR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.44-3.64). The use of a major opioid increased the risk of relapse significantly in the presence of a coexisting psychiatric disorder (HR, 5.79; 95% CI, 2.89-11.42) but not in the absence of a coexisting psychiatric disorder (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.33-2.17). The presence of all 3 factors--major opioid use, dual diagnosis, and family history--markedly increased the risk of relapse (HR, 13.25; 95% CI, 5.22-33.59). The risk of subsequent relapses increased after the first relapse (HR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.13-2.53).The risk of relapse with substance use was increased in health care professionals who used a major opioid or had a coexisting psychiatric illness or a family history of a substance use disorder. The presence of more than 1 of these risk factors and previous relapse further increased the likelihood of relapse. These observations should be considered in monitoring the recovery of health care professionals.
Application of DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive episode to elderly subjects with and without dementia
Authors: Y Forsell, A F Jorm, L Fratiglioni, M Grut, B Winblad
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The aim of the present study was to see how DSM-III-R criteria for a major depressive episode functioned in a representative sample of elderly subjects with and without dementia.Data were used from a population-based study of individuals 75 years old or older living in Stockholm. Subjects were screened for dementia by using the Mini-Mental State. Subjects with scores of 23 or lower as well as age- and sex-matched subjects with scores of 24 or higher were given a medical examination. Dementia was diagnosed according to DSM-III-R and staged for severity by using the Washington University Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. The Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale was used to record symptoms of depression, which were then classified according to DSM-III-R criteria for a major depressive episode. Data on depressive symptoms were available for 643 individuals: 213 with and 430 without dementia. A principal component analysis was carried out on the nine symptoms from criterion. A for a major depressive episode.The depressive symptoms clustered into two groups: mood disturbance and motivation disturbance. The mood disturbance symptoms were most frequent in subjects with mild dementia and less frequent in those with more severe dementia; the subjects with the most severe dementia had the highest rates of motivation disturbance symptoms.The different manifestations of depression in elderly patients with and without dementia should be taken into account when making the diagnosis of major depression. Further research is needed on the manifestations of depressive symptoms in the elderly in order to validate the diagnostic criteria.
80 EUROPEAN NETWORK ON RADIOEMBOLISATION WITH 90Y-RESIN MICROSPHERES (ENRY) MULTICENTRE EVALUATION OF SURVIVAL, SAFETY AND LIVER FUNCTION FOR UNRESECTABLE HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC)
Authors: B. Sangro, G.M. Ettorre, R. Cianni, D. Gasparini, R. Golfieri, S. Ezzidin, F. Kolligs, F. Izzo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Natural killer cell dynamic profile is associated with treatment outcome in patients with chronic HCV infection
Authors: Barbara Oliviero, Dalila Mele, Elisabetta Degasperi, Alessio Aghemo, Eleonora Cremonesi, Maria Grazia Rumi, Carmine Tinelli, Stefania Varchetta, Stefania Mantovani, Massimo Colombo, Mario U. Mondelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
MEAN PLATELET VOLUME CAN BE A POWERFUL INDEPENDENT PREDICTOR FOR 1-YEAR CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION
Authors: Pyung Chun Oh, Seung Hwan Han, Kyounghoon Lee, Soon Yong Suh, Woong Chol Kang, Kwang Kon Koh, Tae Hoon Ahn, Eak Kyun Shin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Fhit and CHK1 Have Opposing Effects on Homologous Recombination Repair
Authors: Baocheng Hu, Hongyan Wang, Xiang Wang, Hua-Rui Lu, Cuifen Huang, Simon N. Powell, Kay Huebner, Ya Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Fragile histidine triad (FHIT) gene deletion or promoter methylation and reduced Fhit protein expression occur in ∼70% of human epithelial tumors and, in some cancers, are clearly associated with tumor progression. Specific Fhit signal pathways have not been identified. We previously reported that compared with Fhit+/+ cells, Fhit−/− cells with an overactivated ATR/CHK1 pathway show increased mutation frequency and resistance to DNA damage–induced killing, indicating that Fhit and the CHK1 pathway have opposing roles in cells responding to DNA damage. In this study, we show that cells, with or without Fhit expression, have similar DNA double-strand break induction levels and similar rejoining rates following ionizing radiation, indicating that the effect of Fhit on cell radiosensitivity is independent of nonhomologous end-joining. By combining I-SceI–induced-DNA double-strand break system and small interfering RNA approach, we also show that knocking down Fhit increases the efficiency of homologous recombination repair of cells, but knocking down Chk1 decreases the efficiency of homologous recombination repair, associated with the sensitivity to ionizing radiation–induced killing. Taken together, the results show that the role of Fhit in affecting the sensitivity of cells to ionizing radiation–induced killing is through the CHK1 pathway linked to homologous recombination repair. These results also illustrate the importance of balanced checkpoint activation in genomic stability and suggest a connection between the radioresistance and mutagenesis, carcinogenesis, as well as tumor progression in Fhit-deficient cells or tissue.
Rheumatoid arthritis synovial T cells regulate transcription of several genes associated with antigen-induced anergy
Authors: Manir Ali, Frederique Ponchel, Katherine E. Wilson, Michael J.D. Francis, Xia Wu, Adrienne Verhoef, Arthur W. Boylston, Douglas J. Veale, Paul Emery, Alexander F. Markham, Jonathan R. Lamb, John D. Isaacs
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, inflammatory synovitis whose pathogenesis may involve autoimmune mechanisms. Anergy is a state of T-cell nonresponsiveness characterized by downregulated IL-2 production. Paradoxically, RA T cells are hyporesponsive and proliferate poorly to antigens and mitogens, thus sharing some characteristics with anergic T cells. We analyzed the molecular basis of anergy in cloned human CD4+ T cells using differential display RT-PCR and subsequently examined the levels of differentially expressed transcripts in RA and, as control, reactive arthritis (ReA) synovium. Several transcriptional events were common to anergic T cells and RA synovium. These included downregulation of Calmodulin, which is critical to T-cell activation, and of cellular apoptosis susceptibility protein, which may mediate resistance to apoptosis in RA. Transcription of Calmodulin in RA synovium was less than 1% of that in ReA and was lower in RA synovial fluid mononuclear cells than in paired PBMCs. Following anti–TNF-α therapy in vivo, RA PBMC Calmodulin transcripts increased five- to tenfold. Pharmacological calmodulin blockade in vitro impaired antigen-specific proliferation. These data provide a link between reduced Calmodulin transcription and impaired T-cell responsiveness in RA. The identification of transcriptional changes common to anergic and RA synovial T cells should help interpret some of the characteristic RA cellular defects.