tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of hepatitis C antibodies among healthcare workers of two teaching hospitals. Who is at risk?
Authors: K. R Neal, J. Dornan, W. L Irving
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objectives: To study the ictal phenomenology, aetiology, and outcome of convulsions occurring within seconds of impact in violent collision sport.Design: Retrospective identification of convulsions associated with concussive brain injury from case records from medical officers of football clubs over a 15 year period.Subjects: Elite Australian rules and rugby league footballers.Main outcome measures: Neuroimaging studies, electroencephalography, neuropsychological test data, and statistics on performance in matches to determine presence of structural or functional brain injury.Clinical follow up and electroencephalography for evidence of epilepsy.Results: Twenty two cases of concussive convulsions were identified with four events documented on television videotape.Convulsions began within 2 seconds of impact and comprised an initial period of tonic stiffening followed by myoclonic jerks of all limbs lasting up to 150 seconds.Some asymmetry in the convulsive manifestations was common, and recovery of consciousness was rapid.No structural or permanent brain injury was present on clinical assessment, neuropsychological testing, or neuroimaging studies.All players returned to elite competition within two weeks of the incident.Epilepsy did not develop in any player over a mean (range) follow up of 3.5 (1-13) years.Conclusions: These concussive or impact convulsions are probably a non-epileptic phenomenon, somewhat akin to convulsive syncope.The mechanism may be a transient traumatic functional decerebration.In concussive convulsions the outcome is universally good, antiepileptic treatment is not indicated, and prolonged absence from sport is unwarranted.
Stapled haemorrhoidectomy offers substantial benefits
Authors: G. C Beattie
Journal: BMJ (2001)

EDITOR—Brisinda's synopsis of the contemporary treatment of haemorrhoids was timely and comprehensive.1 We have recently undertaken a detailed questionnaire survey of all 800 general and colorectal specialist surgeons in the United Kingdom and Ireland; with the exception of a few specific treatments, such as the injection of botulinum toxin for sphincter spasm, all the treatment modalities mentioned are currently used with varying degrees of popularity.2

We strongly support the comments …
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha-activated angiopoietin-like protein 4 contributes to tumor metastasis via vascular cell adhesion molecule-1/integrin β1 signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Hong Li, Chao Ge, Fangyu Zhao, Mingxia Yan, Chen Hu, Deshui Jia, Hua Tian, Miaoxin Zhu, Taoyang Chen, Guoping Jiang, Haiyang Xie, Ying Cui, Jianren Gu, Hong Tu, Xianghuo He, Ming Yao, Yongzhong Liu, Jinjun Li
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) plays complex and often contradictory roles in vascular biology and tumor metastasis, but little is known about its function in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis. In the present study, we showed that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) directly up-regulates ANGPTL4, and its stableness positively correlates with ANGPTL4 expression in HCC tissue. Overexpression of ANGPTL4 significantly increased HCC cell transendothelial migration in vitro and intrahepatic and distal pulmonary metastasis in vivo, whereas silencing ANGPTL4 expression or treatment with a neutralizing antibody specific for ANGPTL4 protein resulted in a reduced transendothelial migration. We also found that serum ANGPTL4 is higher in HCC patients, compared to healthy control, and correlates with intrahepatic metastasis and histological grade. Further, secreted ANGPTL4 promotes transendothelial migration and metastasis of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo through the up-regulation of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) of human umbilical vein endothelial cells and the activation of the VCAM-1/integrin β1 axis. Conclusion: ANGPTL4 is a target gene of HIF-1α and acts as an important regulator in the metastasis of HCC. Serum ANGPTL4 correlates with tumor progression and metastasis and might be used to indicate prognosis in HCC patients. (HEPATOLOGY 2011 54:910–919;)
Novel pathogenic mechanism and therapeutic approaches to angioedema associated with C1 inhibitor deficiency
Authors: Fleur Bossi, Fabio Fischetti, Domenico Regoli, Paolo Durigutto, Barbara Frossi, Fernand Gobeil, Berhane Ghebrehiwet, Ellinor I. Peerschke, Marco Cicardi, Francesco Tedesco
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Endothelial p70 S6 Kinase 1 in Regulating Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Ling-Zhi Liu, Jenny Z. Zheng, Xin-Ru Wang, Bing-Hua Jiang
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

The p70 S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K1) exerts its function in regulating protein synthesis, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell survival in response to growth factors and other cellular signals. But the direct effect of p70S6K1 in regulating tumor growth and angiogenesis remains to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the effect of p70S6K1 expressed in human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMEC) in regulating cancer cell-inducing tumor growth and angiogenesis and found that HDMECs enhance cancer cell-induced tumor growth and angiogenesis. Constitutive activation of p70S6K1 in HDMECs is sufficient to enhance tumor growth and angiogenesis. Inhibition of p70S6K1 by its dominant-negative mutant in HDMECs interferes with tumor growth and angiogenesis, indicating that p70S6K1 activity in endothelial cells is required for regulating tumor angiogenesis. We found that p70S6K1 regulates hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) expression in the human endothelial cells. Knockdown of HIF-1alpha in the endothelial cells decreases tumor growth and angiogenesis. These results show that p70S6K1 and HIF-1 play an important role in regulating the endothelial functions for inducing tumor growth and angiogenesis. This study helps to understand the role and molecular mechanism of p70S6K1 in regulating angiogenesis and tumor growth, and the role of endothelial p70S6K1/HIF-1 signaling in the regulation of tumor microenvironment and angiogenesis.
Reversal of Digitalis Intoxication by Beta-Adrenergic Blockade with Pronethalol
Authors: R. R. Taylor, C. I. Johnston, Anthony D. Jose
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THERE is considerable evidence implicating sympathoadrenal stimuli in the production of arrhythmias by digitalis glycosides. Experimentally, the production of ventricular arrhythmias by digitalis is increased by sympathomimetic drugs1 and delayed by interruption of cardiac sympathetic stimuli, either by surgical sympathetic ablation2 or by depletion of myocardial norepinephrine by reserpine.3 The adrenergic receptors of the cardiovascular system are separable pharmacologically into two groups, the alpha receptors, which convey peripheral vasoconstriction, and the beta receptors, which convey cardiac inotropic and chronotropic actions and peripheral arteriolar vasodilatation.4 It follows that blockade of beta receptors would interrupt cardiac sympathetic stimuli, and might be effective . . .
Coordinated Effort to Fight Breast Cancer Begins
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1994)

THE EFFORT to get all the forces working on breast cancer to march forward in some coordinated manner has begun. Donna E. Shalala, PhD, director of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), says such concerted effort is necessary to make sure that all the efforts currently devoted to breast cancer—research, treatment, prevention, education, and access—are on track. Shalala spoke at a day-long breast cancer planning conference held at the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md, at which the planners were charged with identifying priorities in fighting the disease. The HHS called on a broad spectrum of individuals, including scientists, health care providers, representatives from private industry, and consumer groups, to pull together what Shalala calls "an action plan on breast cancer." The attempt to coordinate efforts to deal definitively with breast cancer has its roots in the burgeoning interest in women's health, which was addressed in the
Telemonitoring did not reduce readmissions or mortality in patients recently hospitalized for heart failure
Authors: Robert K. Riezebos
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club15 March 2011Telemonitoring did not reduce readmissions or mortality in patients recently hospitalized for heart failureRobert K. Riezebos, MDRobert K. Riezebos, MDOnze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.K.R.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-6-201103150-02008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationChaudhry SI, Mattera JA, Curtis JP, et al. Telemonitoring in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2301-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21080835Clinical Impact RatingsHospitalists: Cardiology: References1 Jessup M, Abraham WT, Casey DE, et al. 2009 focused update: ACCF/AHA guidelines for the diagnosis and management of heart failure in adults: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in collaboration with the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Circulation. 2009;119:1977-2016. [PMID: 19324967] Google Scholar2 Rich MW, Beckham V, Wittenberg C, et al. A multidisciplinary intervention to prevent the readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:1190-5. [PMID: 7565975] Google Scholar3 Clarke M, Shah A, Sharma U. Systematic review of studies on telemonitoring of patients with congestive heart failure: a meta-analysis. J Telemed Telecare. 2011;17:7-14. [PMID: 21097564] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands (R.K.R.)This article was published at Annals.org on 1 March 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByStructured telephone support or non-invasive telemonitoring for patients with heart failureA Clinician’s View of Next-Generation Remote Healthcare SystemA Clinical Observational Study in the CHIRON Project: Rationale and Expected Results 15 March 2011Volume 154, Issue 6Page: JC3-8KeywordsHeartHeart failureHospitalizationsLife expectancyLungsNursing homesPatients ePublished: 15 March 2011 Issue Published: 15 March 2011 CopyrightCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Hemodynamic, renal, and hormonal responses to brain natriuretic peptide infusion in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: M Yoshimura, H Yasue, E Morita, N Sakaino, M Jougasaki, M Kurose, M Mukoyama, Y Saito, K Nakao, H Imura
Journal: Circulation (1991)

This study was designed to examine the hemodynamic, renal, and hormonal effects of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) infusion in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) and in control subjects.We infused synthetic human BNP at a rate of 0.1 micrograms/kg/min. BNP infusion decreased pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (control, from 5 +/- 1 to 2 +/- 1 mm Hg, p less than 0.01; CHF, from 21 +/- 3 to 14 +/- 4 mm Hg, p less than 0.05) and systemic vascular resistance (control, from 1,264 +/- 75 to 934 +/- 52 dyne.sec.cm-5; CHF, from 2,485 +/- 379 to 1,771 +/- 195 dyne.sec.cm-5; p less than 0.01, respectively) and increased stroke volume index (control, from 49.9 +/- 2.7 to 51.5 +/- 2.3 ml/m2, p = NS; CHF, from 25.6 +/- 3.8 to 32.0 +/- 3.9 ml/m2, p less than 0.01). BNP infusion significantly increased urine volume (control, from 2.3 +/- 0.7 to 7.5 +/- 1.9 ml/min; CHF, from 0.8 +/- 0.2 to 5.3 +/- 1.0 ml/min; p less than 0.01, respectively), excretion of sodium (control, from 79.2 +/- 21.6 to 332.8 +/- 70.9 microEq/min; CHF, from 77.4 +/- 20.8 to 753.5 +/- 108.0 microEq/min; p less than 0.01, respectively), and excretion of chloride (control, from 72.5 +/- 18.4 to 256.0 +/- 43.3 microEq/min; CHF, from 74.0 +/- 19.6 to 708.8 +/- 103.3 microEq/min; p less than 0.01, respectively). Urinary excretion of sodium and of chloride in response to BNP infusion was higher in patients with CHF than in control subjects (p less than 0.01, respectively). BNP infusion increased the levels of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (control, from 65 +/- 11 to 84 +/- 14 pg/ml; CHF, from 262 +/- 65 to 301 +/- 62 pg/ml; p less than 0.05, respectively) and decreased plasma aldosterone concentrations in both groups (control, from 43.3 +/- 12.1 to 27.3 +/- 7.1 pg/ml; CHF, from 91.1 +/- 34.3 to 66.3 +/- 27.2 pg/ml; p less than 0.05, respectively).We conclude that BNP infusion improves left ventricular function in patients with CHF by vasodilation and prominent natriuretic action.
Who Puts It All Together?
Authors: Glen R. Leymaster
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Many of the pressures that have brought about an abbreviation of medical education from the point of entry into college through the residency are well known. Not as well understood are the problems introduced by the various efforts to shorten each of the separate components by groups not closely in tune with similar efforts in the other areas. At least three separate movements, each intended to reduce the duration of training, have gone on independently, each with little relationship to the others. The premedical program, the medical school experience, and the intern-residency period have all been affected. The major factors which have brought about changes in the duration of the educational program seem to have been the concern of the public for more physicians, together with the interests of a new kind of student. These students have placed emphasis on the relevant and the practical to a degree which has
Comparison of programmed stimulation and Holter monitoring for predicting long-term efficacy and inefficacy of amiodarone used alone or in combination with a class 1A antiarrhythmic agent in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmia
Authors: Soo G. Kim, Samuel D. Felder, Ilona Figura, Debra R. Johnston, Lawrence E. Waspe, John D. Fisher
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Intravitreal Pharmacokinetics of Liposome-encapsulated Amikacin in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Shuiqing Zeng, Chuizhi Hu, Houren Wei, Yuansong Lu, Ying Zhang, Jingxan Yang, Goxing Yun, Weiping Zou, Binpeng Song
Journal: Ophthalmology (1993)
Pulmonary Edema in a 52-Year-Old Woman Ingesting Large Amounts of Aspirin
Authors: Robert M. Liebman
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>History</h3> A 52-year-old woman was brought to the emergency room of Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, by her husband. She was unable to provide a coherent medical history because of a confused mental state and garbled speech. On the day before admission, the patient underwent a sudden change in personality and mental status, associated with slurred speech and upper extremity tremors. Her medical history indicated chronic headaches, which had been treated with large amounts of aspirin. It was later learned that the week before her illness, she had ingested large quantities of aspirin for a persistent, severe headache. However, on the day before admission, she admitted to taking only one or two tablets. Further inquiry indicated a history of alcohol abuse and psychiatric illness. No history of renal or cardiac disease was obtained. The patient appeared slightly agitated and confused. Her blood pressure was 130/80 mm Hg; her
School problems following sports concussion. Which children are at greatest risk?
Authors: Christopher Vaughan, Gerard Gioia, Maegan Sady
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Objective Identify risk for adverse outcomes in school performance and attendance following concussion. Design Correlational. Setting Outpatient clinic, teaching hospital. Participants 216 children ages 12–18 (mean (SD)=15.1 (1.6); 70% male) seen within 2 months of sport-related concussion (mean days since injury=21.2 (12.6)). Interventions Predictors: Pre-injury risk/post-concussion symptoms, injury characteristics. Main Outcome Measurements Reported drop in grades, days of school absence. Results Correlation and crosstabs revealed no association between a drop in grades and a personal or family history of developmental delays, pre-injury school performance, developmental disabilities, or previous concussions. Higher maternal education and retrospective pre-injury symptoms were significantly associated with lower grades. Total post-injury symptom burden (parent and child reported) and physical exertional symptoms were not related, although presence of amnesia/loss of consciousness and cognitive exertional effects (symptom exacerbation) were significantly associated with lower grades. No pre-injury risk factors were correlated with school absence, but symptom burden at time of injury and subsequent parent/child symptom report at time of evaluation were positively associated with number of days absent from school. Conclusions Varying post-concussion factors are related to school outcomes. Pre-injury risk factors (higher baseline symptoms, maternal education) and post-injury factors (LOC/amnesia, cognitive exertional effects) related to drop in grades. In contrast, symptom burden at injury and later severity was related to days absent from school. These findings provide the clinician with useful indicators of possible risk factors for adverse outcomes in school performance, an important issue in concussion management for children. Competing interests None.
Skeletal and Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Courtney M. Townsend
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Because there is evidence for an active immunologic response against sarcoma, a clinical trial of adjuvant immunotherapy using bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) and tumor cell vaccine was begun. Eleven of 18 patients with localized soft tissue sarcoma who received immunotherapy are free of disease, compared to only 5 of 15 treated by operation alone who are free of disease. Furthermore, immunotherapy also prolonged the median disease-free interval from 7.3 months to 15 months in the patients who experienced recurrence of their disease. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2187-2189, 1976)
Pericardial prostaglandin biosynthesis prevents the increased incidence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation produced by efferent sympathetic stimulation in dogs.
Authors: T Miyazaki, D P Zipes
Journal: Circulation (1990)

This study tested the hypothesis that sympathetic neural stimulation increases the prevalence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation and explored the mechanisms by which this occurs and how it may be prevented. In anesthetized, autonomically denervated dogs, we examined the effects of bilateral ansae subclaviae stimulation (SS) and of induction of pericardial biosynthesis of prostaglandins, an intervention that reduces SS effects by acting at presynaptic sites. A 5-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery distal to the first or second diagonal branch was performed during SS. Heart rate was maintained constant by atrial pacing. In the absence of SS, one of 23 dogs developed ventricular fibrillation during occlusion, and three of the remaining 22 dogs developed ventricular fibrillation upon reperfusion. SS did not increase the prevalence of occlusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (four of 23 dogs) but increased the prevalence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation (12 of the remaining 19 dogs, p = 0.01). SS did not affect occlusion-induced decrease in local electrogram amplitude recorded from the ischemic myocardium or myocardial blood flow to the ischemic myocardium during occlusion or reperfusion. SS, however, prevented occlusion-induced increase in diastolic excitability threshold. Instillation into the pericardial cavity of arachidonic acid solution (3 micrograms/ml) resulted in release of prostacyclin, measured by radioimmunoassay as a stable metabolite 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha (63.1 +/- 11.3 ng/ml, n = 11, mean +/- SEM), and of prostaglandin E2 (7.0 +/- 0.9 ng/ml, n = 11). This pericardial solution blunted SS-induced increase in mean arterial blood pressure and reduced the prevalence of ventricular fibrillation during reperfusion (six dogs to one dog, p less than 0.05). Blood flow to the ischemic myocardium remained unaffected. Indomethacin, when added to the solution (3 micrograms/ml), reversed the effects of prostaglandin release and arrhythmia development. These data indicate that efferent sympathetic stimulation during a coronary occlusion and reperfusion sequence increases the prevalence of reperfusion-induced ventricular fibrillation that is reduced by pericardial biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Pericardial prostaglandin synthesis may serve as a unique antiarrhythmic function by regulating efferent cardiac sympathetic nerve effects.
Case 11-1981
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Morton A. Bosniak, Karl H. Proppe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Presentation of CaseA 74-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a radiologic abnormality of the left kidney.She was well until six weeks earlier, when she began to have an intermittent rise of the temperature to 38.3°C, accompanied by malaise, listlessness, and pain in the left flank. Five days before admission she entered another hospital. On examination she appeared well apart from overweight and mild pallor. A Grade 1 apical systolic murmur was heard. Abdominal, pelvic, and rectal examinations were negative. The urine was normal except that the sediment contained 12 white cells per high-power field. The . . .