tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1269 Physician Diagnosis of Overweight Predicts Weight Loss Attempts in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease and Central Obesity
Authors: Siddharth Singh, Virend K Somers, Matthew M Clark, Donald D Hensrud, Kristin Vickers Douglas, Abel Romero, Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Central obesity has been associated with adverse events in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). We undertook this study to evaluate predictors of overweight awareness, desire to lose weight and weight loss attempts in patients with CVD and central obesity. Association of physician-rendered diagnosis of overweight with weight loss attempts was also evaluated. Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999 –2004 were used. CVD was defined as self-referred history of coronary artery disease or stroke. Central obesity was determined based on a waist circumference &gt; 102 cm in men and &gt; 88 cm in women. Motivational factors considered as determinant for behavioral change that were evaluated included: participants’ awareness of their overweight status; desire to lose weight; any weight loss attempts in last year. We examined demographic, anthropometric and clinical determinants of each stage of change using multivariate models. Of the 1484 participants with CVD that were identified in NHANES, 824 had central obesity (56%). 76% of centrally obese participants were aware of their overweight status and 79% were desirous of losing weight. Despite this awareness and desire, only 41% of centrally obese had attempted weight loss in the last year. Only 61% reported that they had been informed that they were overweight by physicians. On multivariate analysis, after adjusting for sociodemographic factors and body mass index, physician rendered diagnosis of overweight was a significant predictor of weight loss attempts (OR=2.5, 95% CI 1.3– 4.9, p= 0.006). Awareness of one’s overweight status strongly predicted desire to lose weight in multivariate models (OR=107.6, 95 % CI 42.9 –270.0, p&lt;.0001) and desire to lose weight was linked to recent attempts to lose weight (OR 10.4, 95 % CI 2.8– 39.2, p= 0.0005), confirming that the Transtheoretical Model of behavioral change applies to the study population. In a nationally representative sample of participants with CVD and central obesity, physician-rendered diagnosis of overweight emerged as an important predictor of weight loss attempts. Efforts to promote weight loss should focus on interventions based on Transtheoretical Model of behavioral change.
Italian Miniposter of 1930s
Authors: Harriet S. Meyer
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2540: Coronary Endothelial Function in Relation to Risk Factors and Framingham Score in Symptomatic Patients with Early Coronary Atherosclerosis
Authors: Ronen Rubinshtein, Eric H Yang, Charanjit S Rihal, Abhiram Prasad, Ryan J Lennon, Lilach O Lerman, Amir Lerman
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 3187: Is There A Role For Three Dimensional Transthoracic Echocardiography In The Preoperative Assessment Of The Mitral Valve?
Authors: Bushra S Rana, Olaf Wendler, Jatin Desai, Ahmed El Gamel, Peter Pearson, Jo Reiken, Joselyn DeGuzman, Michelle Harden, Sutali Mushemi, Amit Bhan, Mark J Monaghan
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is the gold standard in determining preoperative mitral valve morphology for surgical repair, but is invasive and time consuming. We evaluated the ability of 3D transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) to assess the mitral valve in patients undergoing mitral valve repair and compared this with 2D TEE.  Methods: Patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) underwent 2D followed by 3D TTE and 2D TEE preoperatively. Echocardiographic data was obtained by the different techniques and compared with surgical inspection.  Results: 63 consecutive MR patients underwent preoperative analysis (55 degenerative, 8 rheumatic, sinus rhythm 69%). TTE 3D images were feasible in the majority (good quality 45%, adequate 46%, poor 9%). Acquisition time was (3mins ±2). The sensitivities and specificities of each technique to diagnose scallop lesions are given below. 3D TTE and 2D TEE had similar diagnostic accuracies (accuracy 91% v 88% respectively p=ns).  Conclusion: 3D TTE gives the same information as 2D TEE in assessment of mitral valve morphology and is feasible in the majority.
Hopelessness in suicide attempters after acute treatment of major depression in late life
Authors: A H Rifai, C J George, J A Stack, J J Mann, C F Reynolds
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The relation between hopelessness and suicide attempts in the elderly was examined by studying the course of hopelessness in depressed patients. Sixty-three elderly patients with recurrent major depression were treated with nortriptyline and interpersonal psychotherapy and underwent serial ratings of hopelessness and depression during the acute and continuation phases of treatment. Patients who had made a suicide attempt in the past had significantly higher hopelessness scores than nonattempters during both phases of treatment. They were also more likely to drop out of treatment. A high degree of hopelessness persisting after remission of depression in elderly patients appears to be associated with a history of suicidal behavior. It may also increase the likelihood of premature discontinuation of treatment and lead to future suicide attempts or suicide.
Abstract 10135: Fast Food Consumption Significantly Increases Risk of Hypercholesterolemia Among Afro-Caribbean Youth in Jamaica
Authors: Trevor S Ferguson, Marshall K Tulloch-Reid, Novie O Younger, Jennifer M Knight-Madden, Maureen Samms-Vaughan, Deanna Ashley, Affette McCaw-Binns, Rainford J Wilks
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Recent studies have documented a high prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in youth, but there are limited data on the relationship between these risk factors and lif...
Abstract 3700: Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by Higher Dose Statin Usage Contributes to Endothelial Dysfunction in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Yuk-Ling Eunice Dai, Ting-Hin Luk, Kai-Hang Yiu, Sidney Tam, Sheung-Wai Li, Hon-Wah Raymond Chan, Stephen Lee, Chu-Pak Lau, Hung-Fat Tse
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Seroprevalence of antibodies to poliovirus in individuals living in Portugal, 2002
Authors: Marta Pires de Miranda, M Carmo Gomes, H Rebelo de Andrade
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2007)

The last case of poliomyelitis in Portugal caused by indigenous wild poliovirus occurred in 1986 and the country was declared polio-free in 2002. High levels of immunity must be maintained to prevent the importation of wild poliovirus. In this study, we determined the immunity against poliomyelitis of the Portuguese population in order to identify possible immunity gaps. A representative sample of 1,133 individuals older than two years residing in mainland Portugal was studied. Logistical difficulties regarding quick sample transportation precluded the Portuguese islands (Madeira and the Azores) from this study. Sera were collected in 2002 from individuals attending health clinics throughout the 18 districts of Portugal. Levels of neutralizing antibodies against poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3 were determined and a titre of > or = 1:8 was defined as indicative of protected immunity. Results were expressed in international units. The antibody prevalence and the geometric mean antibody concentration (GMAC) was 91.6% (GMAC: 2.96 IU/ml), 94.2% (GMAC: 5.03 IU/ml) and 75% (GMAC: 0.53 IU/ml) for poliovirus types 1, 2 and 3, respectively. For poliovirus types 1 and 2, antibody prevalence was close to or above 90% in the majority of age groups. For poliovirus type 3, antibody prevalence was below 80% in teenagers and young adults. Our study shows that the Portuguese are well protected against poliovirus types 1 and 2. For poliovirus type 3, the suboptimal antibody levels observed in teenagers and young adults suggest the need for a booster dose to minimise the risk of wild poliovirus importation.
First-line bolus IFL and second-line FOLFOX: A retrospective review of two hundred thirty patients
Authors: D. Heng, H. Kennecke, S. Gill, C. Kollmannsberger, C. Lohrisch, A. Shah, B. Melosky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

13555 Introduction: The IFL regimen (irinotecan, 5-fluorouracil bolus and leucovorin) is active in metastatic colorectal cancer. Early treatment-related deaths in N9741 led to the utilization of a dose-reduced schema. An infusional regimen (FOLFIRI) replaced IFL because of superior tolerability. FOLFOX can be used as second-line therapy in patients treated previously with IFL. Methods: A retrospective review was performed at the British Columbia Cancer Agency to evaluate both the safety and outcome of all patients given IFL as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Data on second-line FOLFOX was also collected. Between March 31/2002 and April 1/2004, 230 patients were treated. Results: The mean number of IFL cycles delivered was 4.6 (18 doses) for a mean duration of 7.1 months. Toxicity was manageable with only 1 treatment-related death. 17% of patients had grade 3/4 toxicities that included neutropenia and diarrhea. Only 6% of patients required hospitalization during IFL treatment. The median survival of the entire group was 16.6 months (95% CI 14.3–18.6). One hundred twelve patients received second-line therapy. Forty-nine of these patients (44%) received infusional oxaliplatin (mFOLFOX 6) as second-line therapy. 27% had grade 3/4 toxicities and 10% required hospitalization. The median survival of these patients was 25.2 months (95% CI 20.1–30.3). Conclusion: This population-based study demonstrated that bolus IFL played a significant role in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and had a manageable toxicity profile. Lastly, the sequence of IFL followed by FOLFOX resulted in a very meaningful patient survival of over 25 months. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Multimodal Assessment of the Aortic Annulus Diameter
Authors: David Messika-Zeitoun, Jean-Michel Serfaty, Eric Brochet, Gregory Ducrocq, Laurent Lepage, Delphine Detaint, Fabien Hyafil, Dominique Himbert, Nicoletta Pasi, Jean-Pierre Laissy, Bernard Iung, Alec Vahanian
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Correlation of mucin production with sensitivity to bortezomib and gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer cells.
Authors: T. T. Wissniowski, M. Ocker, E. G. Hahn, R. Voll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e13655 Background: The prognosis of pancreatic cancer remains disappointing due to a high intrinsic resistance against chemotherapeutic agents. Standard gemcitabine therapies have improved overall survival only marginally and recently, inhibition of the proteasome by the boronic acid derivative bortezomib has been introduced as a novel therapeutic strategy for solid and hematologic malignancies including pancreatic cancer. Methods: The mucus-producing pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-1 was cultured under standard conditions and treated with different concentrations of gemcitabine or bortezomib. Mucus production was suppressed by siRNA-mediated silencing of apomucin genes. Cell proliferation was determined by 3H-thymidine incorporation, apoptosis was quantified after propidium iodide staining by flow cytometry. Apoptotic cell death was confirmed by TUNEL staining, determination of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and assessment of caspase 3/7 activity. NFκB-activity was determined by EMSA. The unfolded protein response (UPR) was further investigated by PCR, westernblotting and caspase 12 activity assays. Results: Silencing of MUC4 significantly reduced expression of mucins for up to 5 days after transfection. While native cells showed an increased sensitivity to bortezomib treatment, silenced cells were more sensitive to gemcitabine treatment. Bortezomib induces mitochondrial damage in native cells and also activates the UPR by splicing of Xbp-1 and induction of CHOP, which is significantly reduced by silencing of MUC4. Conclusions: Our data suggest that mucinous pancreatic cancers are more sensitive towards proteasome inhibition by bortezomib and that alternative pathways of apoptosis are involved in cell death induction, while tumor cells with a low secretory activity show a better response to gemcitabine. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease in the 21st Century- -Insights from Two Diverse Populations
Authors: Barbara Howard
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Seminal work by Ancel Keys established the critical role of elevated cholesterol in explaining population differences in rates of CVD. Subsequent work added hypertension and smoking, and major progress has been made in controlling all three. Despite this, world-wide rates of CVD are increasing, and in the US, there are persistent population disparities. We have conducted longitudinal cohort studies in two uniquely-informative populations in order to evaluate the determinants of CVD. The Strong Heart Study is a population based sample of American Indians. Although little CVD was observed in the mid 20 th century, rates of both CHD and stroke now exceed those in other US populations. Most events are in persons with diabetes; renal impairment is another major risk factor. Both obesity and diabetes lead to CVD risk factors and preclinical disease at young ages. The GOCADAN (Genetics of Coronary Artery Disease in Alaska Natives) and ASP (Alaska-Siberia Project) studies involve populations of Alaska Eskimos. Once thought to have little CVD, they now manifest high rates of CHD, stroke and heart failure. Obesity and diabetes in this population are lower than US averages, especially in men. However rates of smoking and subclinical infection are high and there has been a dramatic change from their unique traditional diet and physical activity patterns. These two groups serve as models for the many populations now experiencing increases in CVD. For those with epidemics of obesity and diabetes, control of the inevitable CVD will require both aggressive management of CVD risk factors and reversing the trends in obesity and diabetes. In other populations, perhaps in less developed areas, control of CVD may depend on aggressive smoking cessation and on efforts to facilitate lifestyle transitions.
Abstract 14265: The Cerebrovascular Risk of High 24-Hour Blood Pressure is Greater in Lean Rather Than Obese Subjects Among Japanese Older Hypertensive Patients
Authors: Yuichiro Yano, Noboru Tamaki, Satoshi Hoshide, Kazuyuki Shimada, Kazuomi Kario
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Although obesity is associated with hypertension, the role of obesity as an effect modifier in the association between high BP and cardiovascular disease is debatable. Especially, whe...
Abstract 617: Early Dynamic Changes in 'Salvaged Area at Risk' Assessed by Serial MRI at 3t in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Erica Dall'Armellina, Alistair C Lindsay, Matthew D Robson, Theodore Karamitsos, Jane M Francis, Keith M Channon, Adrian P Banning, Rajesh Kharbanda, Stefan Neubauer, Robin P Choudhury
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Oedema imaging with cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) can identify acutely ischemic myocardium and has been used to identify “area at risk”. While the onset of oedema is rapid, the tim...
Calreticulin and Calreticulin Fragments Are Endothelial Cell Inhibitors That Suppress Tumor Growth
Authors: Sandra E. Pike, Lei Yao, Joyce Setsuda, Karen D. Jones, Barry Cherney, Ettore Appella, Kazuyasu Sakaguchi, Hira Nakhasi, Chintamani D. Atreya, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, Peter Wirth, Ghanshyam Gupta, Giovanna Tosato
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract P60: Mortality from Severe Trauma in Patients with Pre-existing Cardiac Disease
Authors: Victor A Ferraris, Suellen P Ferraris, Sibu P Saha
Journal: Circulation (2008)

BACKGROUND: We observed significant morbidity and mortality in patients who suffer severe traumatic injuries with pre-existing cardiac disease. We wondered about the cardiac risks factors that predispose to worse outcomes in these patients. METHODS: We reviewed 10,144 trauma admissions to the University of Kentucky over a 5 year period (2002 to 2007) in patients 21 years or older. The types and extent of injuries were characterized and risk factors for poor outcome were assessed. RESULTS: Of the 10,144 trauma patients, adequate cardiovascular history was obtained before emergency treatment in 5971 patients (58.9%). Of the 700 trauma deaths, 236 (33.7%) had adequate medical history to allow accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk. Severe head &amp; chest injuries caused death in most patients (79.2%). Significant multivariate predictors of trauma-related death in this cohort included Glascow coma score (O.R. = 1.266/score unit), older age (O.R. = 0.931/year), injury severity score (O.R. = 1.096/unit score), major burn (O.R. = 7.36), assault with a weapon (O.R. = 3.236), and female gender (O.R. = 1.561). Importantly, after propensity adjustment, significant cardiovascular mortality risks included pre-injury warfarin therapy, congestive heart failure (CHF), &amp; beta-blocker use. The highest mortality rates occurred in patients with combinations of these cardiovascular risk factors (see table ). CONCLUSIONS: Pre-injury cardiac risk factors, especially pre-injury warfarin, beta-blocker use and CHF, are independent multivariate predictors of mortality in patients suffering significant trauma. Patients with more than one pre-injury cardiac risk factor have 2 to 4 times the mortality risk compared to those without cardiac risks. : Category (Complete) : Miscellaneous Keyword (Complete) : Trauma ; Cardiac risks ; warfarin Samson Resident Award (Complete): *Paul C. Samson Award (Required) : No Status: Complete Propensity Adjusted Cardiovascular Risk Factors for Trauma Mortality (C-statistic = 0.940)
Abstract 85: Influence of Age Differences for Collapse-to--Defibrillator Time on Survival in Out-of Hospital Cardiac Arrest from All-Japan Utstein Registry Data
Authors: Naohiro Yonemoto, Hiroyuki Yokoyama, Ken Nagao, Takeshi Kimura, Hiroshi Nonogi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

[Background] The study investigated influence of age differences for collapse-defibrillator time on survival in out-of hospital cardiac arrest. Several studies had the effects of age on survival from out-of hospital cardiac arrest, however those were for medium sample size. [Method] We used All-Japan Utstein Registry of the Fire and Disaster Management Agency with a prospective, population based, involving consecutive patients with an out-of cardiac arrest with witness with layperson, from 16 to 89 years (young adult: 16-39 age, middle: 40-64 age, older: 65-89 age) and from April 1, 2006 to December 31 2009. The primary outcome measure was survival and good neurological outcome CPC 1 or 2. We evaluated the effect of collapse-defibrillator time for the outcome in logistic regression by age group. [Results] 1329 were young adults, 7400 were middles and 10315 were at older in the analysis. Odds ratio of the average effect of the time per five minutes by defibrillator was 1.53 and 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.36 to 1.73, p&lt;.0001 at young adult, 1.61 and 95%CI: 1.53 to 1.71, p&lt;.0001 at middle, 1.77 and 95%CI: 1.67 to 1.87, p&lt;.0001 at older (figure). [Conclusion] Our results suggest that the effect of the times by defibrillator has age differences. Elderly person need more to improve the delay of defibrillator.
Abstract P327: Risk Factors for Prehypertension in the Community
Authors: Lisa Rafalson, Richard P Donahue, Saverio Stranges
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Prehypertension is an increasingly highly prevalent condition in the general population, and is associated with an increased risk for coronary heart disease and stroke. However, evidence from population-based studies of the risk factors for prehypertension is scant. We sought to examine the predictors of progression from normotension to prehypertension in a community-based population from Western New York. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis, over six years of follow-up, among 569 men and women (51.8 years, 96% White, 70% female) who were free of prehypertension, hypertension, cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes at the baseline examination, in the Western New York Health Study (WNYHS). Incident prehypertension at follow-up was defined as systolic blood pressure of 120-139 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure of 80-89 mmHg. Results: In bivariate analyses, there were several correlates of incident prehypertension, including age, BMI and waist circumference, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), uric acid, and baseline blood pressure levels. After multivariate adjustment, IFG at baseline odds ratio (OR):1.69, 95%CI:1.06-2.67) and weight gain since age 25 (OR: 1.28, 1.11-1.58 per 10 lb. increase) were the strongest significant predictors of prehypertension at follow-up. Neither waist circumference nor current BMI were predictor variables in models when they were substituted for weight gain. Conclusions: Results from this study suggest early dysregulation of glucose metabolism and weight gain over the lifespan are likely to represent important risk factors for prehypertension in the general population.
Abstract 14774: Improved Prognosis Of Giant Cell Myocarditis
Authors: Riina Kandolin, Jukka Lehtonen, Markku Kupari
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Idiopathic giant cell myocarditis (GCM) is a rare form of inflammatory heart disease. Prior reports have shown a life expectancy less than 13 months from the time of diagnosis without a...