tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14654: Does Pharmacological Ventricular Rate Control Mitigate AF-Induced Remodeling in the Absence of Tachycardiomyopathy?
Authors: Ali K Saeid, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes electrical and structural remodeling (primarily fibrosis) that promotes AF progression. Pharmacological ventricular rate control is used to prevent tachycardiomyopathy, but whether it can directly interfere with AF-associated structural remodeling has never been tested. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of pharmacological ventricular rate control during AF on substrate progression in dog models.

Methods: Four groups of dogs (N=6/group) were studied: AT-P dogs: right atrial tachypacing at 600 beats/min (AT-P) to induce sustained AF for 3 weeks without other intervention; AT-P+D dogs: AT-P X 3 wks with diltiazem-CD 360 mg/day to achieve rate control; AT-P+ABL dogs: AT-P X 3 wks with AV node ablation and ventricular backup pacing (80 bpm); and non-paced Sham dogs.

Results: Ventricular response rate averaged 172±16 (mean ±SE), 156±10 and 142±6 beats/min on days 1, 7 and 21 in AT-P dogs, vs 102±9**, 105±8* and 99±8** respectively (**p<0.01 for each) in AT-P+D dogs. LVEF decreased slightly (from 55.8±1.3% at baseline to 52.4±2.7% in AT-P, P=NS; 45.2±2.0%* in AT-P+D, *P<0.05; and 51.0±2.8% in AT-P+ABL, P=NS). LA dimension increased slightly but significantly (from 20.2±0.6 mm at baseline to 23.3±1.3 mm* in AT-P, 23.4±1.0 mm* in AT-P+D and 23.1±0.7 mm* in AT-P+ABL). At terminal open chest study, while overall conduction velocity (CV) was not significantly different (86±2 cm/sec in AT-P, 91±7 cm/sec in in AT-P+D, 87±3 cm/sec in AT-P+ABL and 96±6 cm/sec in Sham group), CV heterogeneity (reflecting local conduction slowing) was greater in AT-P (4.1±0.4) vs other groups: 2.2±0.2* in AT-P+D, 2.5±0.1* in AT-P+ABL and 2.6±0.3* in Sham group. Atrial ERP was reduced vs Sham (115 ±10 ms) in all tachypaced groups: 51±4** ms in AT-P, 82±7** ms AT-P+D, 58±4** ms ATP+ABL. Mean duration of AF induced by burst pacing was greater in AT-P (1065±258 sec) vs AT-P+D (229±77** sec), AT-P+ABL (378±130* sec) and Sham (45±8** sec). LA Collagen-1 mRNA expression was significantly greater in AT-P (19.0±3.3 A.U.) vs AT-P+D (6.7±0.3 A.U.*).

Conclusions: Pharmacological rate control prevents progression of the AF substrate due to structural remodeling. This is a novel consideration in the use and targeting of rate control therapy.
Quantitative assessment of cysteinyl leukotrienes in human sputum during the allergen-induced asthmatic response and the effect of GSK2190915, a 5-lipoxygenase activating protein (FLAP) inhibitor
Authors: Ginger L. Milne, Warda Amin, Stephanie C. Sanchez, Andrew F. Preece
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Accurate measurement of the cysteinyl leukotrienes (cLTs) LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 in human sputum may be useful for assessing airway inflammation. GSK2190915 is a potent FLAP inhibitor that inhibits the synthesis of cLTs. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of GSK2190915 on the production of cLTs in human sputum using ultra pressure liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study subjects took 100mg GSK219095 and placebo orally once daily for 5 days, in randomized order. On Day 3 they had an inhaled allergen challenge and on Days 4 and 5 they had induced sputum collection. Sputum was frozen at –80°C until measurement. For analysis, 200-500μL of sputum supernatant was diluted into 1mL of water spiked with [2H3]-LTE4 internal standard and was extracted using an Empore C-18 solid phase extraction disk prior to analysis.

The limit of detection for each analyte was 1pg/mL. LTD4 and LTE4 were detected in most samples while LTC4 was generally below the limit of detection:

![Figure][1] 



Measurement of cLTs using this method allows for the accurate and reliable quantitation in human sputum and may allow a better understanding of the role of these molecules in airway inflammation.

Study funded by GlaxoSmithKline. GSK study LPA111834. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier [NCT00748306][2].

 [1]: pending:yes
 [2]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT00748306&atom=%2Ferj%2F38%2FSuppl_55%2Fp4080.atom
Theory of event coding: Interesting, but underspecified
Authors: Chris Oriet, Biljana Stevanovski, Pierre Jolicoeur
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The Theory of Event Coding (TEC) is a new framework for understanding interactions between perception and action. We are concerned that the theory is underspecified, showing that it can easily be used to make exactly opposite predictions. Precise specification of the time course of activation and binding is needed to make the theory useful for understanding the perception-action interface.
Abstract 9721: Tmem100, a Novel BMP9/10-Dependent Endothelial Gene Essential for Arterial Development and Morphogenesis
Authors: Satoshi Somekawa, Hisaki Hayashi, Masahide Sakabe, Tomoko Ioka, Genki Sato, Ken Inada, Shiro Uemura, Osamu Nakagawa, Yoshihiko Saito
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) and BMP10 play critical roles in regulating embryonic vascular development through their endothelium-specific ALK1 receptor. Mutations of the ALK1 ...
Lehrbuch der normalen Anatomie des Menschen.
Authors: Sieglbauer, F. (Felix), b.
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
502. Formulation of Adenoviral Vectors with Inhibitors of Mucociliary Clearance Enhances Gene Transfer to Airway Epithelia In Vivo
Authors: Patrick L. Sinn, Ankur Shah, Maureen D. Donovan, Paul B. McCray
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Mucociliary clearance and other pulmonary innate defense mechanisms pose significant barriers to gene transfer vectors. We previously demonstrated that Ca2+ chelators such as EGTA enhance gene transfer to well differentiated airway epithelia. This effect may result from the combined effects of cilia stasis and the opening of epithelial tight junctions. Furthermore, adenoviral vectors formulated with Avicel type RC-591 containing gel have been previously demonstrated to enhance gene transfer to airway epithelia. We tested the gene transfer enhancing properties of several viscoelastic gels by formulating them with an adenoviral vector expressing nuclear targeted b-galactosidase. The reagents included methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and Pluronic® F127. These formulations were compared to 400 mM EGTA, Avicel type RC-591, and no formulation controls. We delivered the vector solutions to mice via tracheal intubation and 4 days later measured b-galactosidase expression by enzyme activity assay or X-gal staining. With each of the gels tested, gene transfer equaled or exceeded that observed with the positive controls. Gene expression from gel formulated vectors was largely confined to the conducting airways. As added confirmation of the results, the gels were formulated with an adenoviral vector expressing firefly luciferase and in vivo gene transfer was detected using bioluminescent imaging 4 days later with a CCD camera. Currently, we are testing the utility of similar gel formulations in enhancing the gene transfer with other classes of gene transfer vectors. In conclusion, vector formulations designed to inhibit mucociliary clearance enhance gene transfer to the conducting airways in vivo.
Older surgeons lose more patients than younger colleagues
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Surgeons who have been doing carotid endarterectomies for more than 20 years are more likely than less experienced surgeons to have their patients die, research suggests. Dr Liam O'Neill of Cornell University in New York and colleagues believe their findings probably extend to other operations as well ( Neurology 2000;55:1263-9).

Dr O'Neill and colleagues studied information on nearly 13 000 endarterectomies carried out by 532 surgeons over two years in Pennsylvania. The researchers found that …
Immune Reconstitution and Chimerism in Allogeneic HSCT Patients Treated with Post-HSCT High Dose Cyclophosphamide As Prophylaxis Against GvHD
Authors: Paluri k Ravi, Samina Karim, Gretchen Cloud, Mary Lamb, Samantha Langford, Shin Mineishi, Racquel-innis Shelton, Ayman Saad, Donna Salzman, Lawrence S. Lamb
Journal: Blood (2014)
Arterial remodeling in the left coronary system11The opinions and assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or Department of Defense.
Authors: Allen J Taylor, Allen P Burke, Andrew Farb, Pouya Yousefi, Gray T Malcom, John Smialek, Renu Virmani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Lesson of the week: A family cluster of Chlamydia trachomatis infection
Authors: C Thompson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Prepubertal chlamydial infection may indicate sexual abuse and requires sensitive multiagency management of the family 

Chlamydia trachomatis is the commonest curable sexually transmitted pathogen in the United Kingdom. Chlamydial infection is often asymptomatic and therefore underdiagnosed as there is no routine screening surveillance outside departments of genitourinary medicine. The true prevalence of chlamydial infection in the general population is currently unknown, but it is estimated to be as high as 10% in people under 20. Untreated carriers may present with complications of infection—salpingitis, possibly resulting in pelvic pain and tubal pregnancy or infertility in women and epidydimo-orchitis in men.1 Babies can acquire the infection at birth if their mother's cervix is infected2; this results in neonatal ophthalmia or pneumonitis, or both, and in nasopharyngeal and genital tract colonisation. The case we report raises the possibility that vertical transmission of vaginal chlamydial infection can remain asymptomatic for as long as six years.

A 6 year old girl was referred to an ophthalmologist because her eye was red and sticky and the condition had failed to respond to fucithalmic drops. The uniocular conjunctival injection, thickening, and follicle formation seen at examination suggested chlamydial infection. A swab from the eye was positive for C trachomatis by enzyme immunoassay testing (Syva Microtrak, Syva, CA) confirmed by direct immunofluorescence.3 The symptoms and signs resolved with topical tetracycline ointment.

The mode of transmission of infection was a source of concern. Three possibilities were considered: recent acquisition resulting from child sexual abuse, fomite contamination from another household member, and latent …
Abstract 16626: Digital Health Interventions Improves Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Reduces Rehospitalizations After Usual Cardiac Rehabilitation
Authors: Robert J Widmer, Thomas Allison, Lilach Lerman, Amir Lerman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity/mortality in the US. Despite being a class 1A evidence-based recommendation, secondary prevention efforts in the period following cardiac rehabilitation (CR) lack a proven and successful intervention. A previously validated digital health intervention (DHI) delivered Mayo Clinic’s CR, including educational material, tracking CVD indices, and diet/exercise adherence, for 3 months after usual CR. Hypothesis: We hypothesized DHI use would improve CVD risk factors and rehospitalizations/ emergency department (ED) visits. Methods: Patients undergoing usual Mayo Clinic CR were recruited to use the application following usual CR (n=17) and compared to a similar cohort undergoing standard post-CR care, but not assigned to the application (n=11). DHI patients performed daily informational tasks, entered their own risk factor information (weight, blood pressure (BP), glucose, lipids, physical activity, and diet) at baseline and for three months post-CR. Changes in risk factors, re-hospitalizations/ED visits were assessed after three months. Results: There were no differences in baseline demographics between the two groups. There was no difference in weight change between the two groups during the three months of usual CR, yet in the three months following usual CR the DHI group had significant reductions in weight (-2.5±3.8 kg, p=0.04) and systolic BP (-12.6±12.4 mmHg, p=0.001) compared to the control group. The DHI group also showed significantly lower rate of rehospitalizations/ED visits (-28%, p=0.04, Figure). Conclusions: A DHI post-CR program can enhance secondary prevention strategies compared to standard post-CR care by augmenting weight and BP reduction and reducing the healthcare burden of repeat CVD events. This study thus supports development and implementation of DHI programs.
Irritability (Yours and Theirs)
Authors: Jeanne McCauley, Margaret J Tarpley
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Irritable patients. You have them. You dread them. Irritable patients elicit a visceral "Oh, no!" response when their names are lurking on your patient schedule. They make you irritable, defined as quick excitability to annoyance, impatience, or anger—whining with an edge.
Gene therapy shows promise for haemophilia.
Authors: Scott Gottlieb
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A new type of gene therapy boosted levels of factor VIII clotting factor in a small number of people with haemophilia, allowing two severely ill patients to go for 10 months without spontaneous bleeding, a new study says.

These results are far from the proof needed to bring the treatment to market. In particular it is not clear if the effect lasts long …
Medical Problems of Survivors of Nuclear War
Authors: Herbert L. Abrams, William E. Von Kaenel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

The nature of the medical problems confronting survivors of a nuclear war has not been widely conveyed or fully understood. Perhaps the most logical approach is to view this matter in sequence, from the moment of attack through the periods that follow. The characteristic elements of each period can be delineated, with the reservation that the duration cannot be precisely stated. The type and severity of the initial injury will clearly affect the response to new medical problems as they arise. Each problem may be expected to extend beyond the period in which it is initially encountered (Table 1).The . . .
Estrogen receptor ligands ameliorate fatty liver through a nonclassical estrogen receptor/Liver X receptor pathway in mice
Authors: Song-iee Han, Yoko Komatsu, Akiko Murayama, Knut R. Steffensen, Yoshimi Nakagawa, Yuka Nakajima, Michiko Suzuki, Shohei Oie, Paolo Parini, Lise-Lotte Vedin, Hiroyuki Kishimoto, Hitoshi Shimano, Jan-Åke Gustafsson, Junn Yanagisawa
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Liver X receptor (LXR) activation stimulates triglyceride (TG) accumulation in the liver. Several lines of evidence indicate that estradiol-17β (E2) reduces TG levels in the liver; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the E2 effect remains unclear. Here, we show that administration of E2 attenuated sterol regulatory element-binding protein ( SREBP ) -1 expression and TG accumulation induced by LXR activation in mouse liver. In estrogen receptor alpha ( ERα ) knockout (KO) and liver-specific ERα KO mice, E2 did not affect SREBP-1 expression or TG levels. Molecular analysis revealed that ERα is recruited to the SREBP-1c promoter through direct binding to LXR and inhibits coactivator recruitment to LXR in an E2-dependent manner. Our findings demonstrate the existence of a novel liver-dependent mechanism controlling TG accumulation through the nonclassical ER/LXR pathway. To confirm that a nonclassical ER/LXR pathway regulates ERα-dependent inhibition of LXR activation, we screened ERα ligands that were able to repress LXR activation without enhancing ERα transcriptional activity, and, as a result, we identified the phytoestrogen, phloretin. In mice, phloretin showed no estrogenic activity; however, it did reduce SREBP-1 expression and TG levels in liver of mice fed a high-fat diet to an extent similar to that of E2. Conclusion : We propose that ER ligands reduce TG levels in the liver by inhibiting LXR activation through a nonclassical pathway. Our results also indicate that the effects of ER on TG accumulation can be distinguished from its estrogenic effects by a specific ER ligand. (Hepatology 2014;59:1791–1802)
At International HIV/AIDS Conference, Daunting Challenges Mixed With Hope
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Health Care Reform: Who Will Lead?
Authors: S O Thier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

The United States is almost alone among industrialized nations in failing to assure access to at least some health care for all of its citizens. Three major obstacles impede the provision of universal access. First is the deeply embedded sense among our citizens and in our health care system that some persons are more deserving than others of care. Second is a focus on costs and reimbursement mechanisms rather than on defining effective and appropriate care. Third and most serious is an absence of leadership in addressing the problems of access and of reform in the U.S. health care system. In choosing among the possible leaders, which include the federal government, the states, the business sector, unions, and physicians, a compelling argument can be made that physicians should lead, particularly in defining effective and appropriate care. Physicians may also lead in redesigning the health care system, but they are likely to be only one interested voice in the debates about financing health care.
Crime and the Mind: An Outline of Psychiatric Criminology
Authors: Walter Bromberg
Journal: JAMA (1949)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Branch and Bound Algorithm for the Protein Folding Problem in the HP Lattice Model
Authors: Mao Chen, Wen-Qi Huang
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2005)

Abstract A branch and bound algorithm is proposed for the two-dimensional protein folding problem in the HP lattice model. In this algorithm, the benefit of each possible location of hydrophobic monomers is evaluated and only promising nodes are kept for further branching at each level. The proposed algorithm is compared with other well-known methods for 10 benchmark sequences with lengths ranging from 20 to 100 monomers. The results indicate that our method is a very efficient and promising tool for the protein folding problem.
A double-blind, randomized study to compare the efficacy and safety of terbinafine (Lamisil®) with fluconazole (Diflucan®) in the treatment of onychomycosis
Authors: V. Havu, H. Heikkilä, K. Kuokkanen, M. Nuutinen, T. Rantanen, S. Saari, S. Stubb, R. Suhonen, K. Turjanmaa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

In a randomized, double‐blind, double‐placebo, multicentre study, terbinafine 250 mg daily for 12 weeks was compared with fluconazole 150 mg once weekly for 12 or 24 weeks in the treatment of onychomycosis. A total of 137 patients with culture‐confirmed onychomycosis was divided into three groups: group A received terbinafine for 12 weeks, group B received fluconazole for 12 weeks, while group C received fluconazole for 24 weeks. At completion of the study (week 60), the mycological cure rate was higher in the terbinafine group than in the fluconazole groups: 89% vs. 51% and 49%, respectively (P < 0·001). The length of unaffected nail increased until week 24 in group B and until week 36 in group C, but was still increasing in group A at the final visit (week 60). Complete clinical cure of the target nail at week 60 was 67% in the terbinafine group, compared with 21% and 32% in the fluconazole groups, respectively. The incidence of adverse events was low for both study agents. We conclude that terbinafine 250 mg daily for 12 weeks is significantly more effective in the treatment of onychomycosis than fluconazole 150 mg once weekly for either 12 or 24 weeks.
MACROPHAGE CELL THERAPY CAUSES THE HEPATIC RECRUITMENT OF HOST EFFECTOR CELLS AND IMPROVES STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN A MURINE MODEL OF CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE
Authors: James A. Thomas, Davina Wojtacha, Caroline Pope, Timothy T. Gordon-Walker, Andrew J. Robson, Stephen N. Hartland, Prakash Ramachandra, John P. Iredale, Stuart J. Forbes
Journal: Hepatology (2010)