tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A single centre review of palliative chemotherapy in newly diagnosed stage IIIb and IV lung cancer patients with good performance status
Authors: Alexandra Ewence, Alexandra Higton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction and Aims:  United Kingdom (UK) guidance recommends patients with stage IIIb or IV lung cancer with good World Health Organisation (WHO) performance status (PS) are offered palliative chemotherapy to improve length and quality of life. We conducted an audit to review whether our lung multidisciplinary team (MDT) met this standard.  Methods:  Cases of lung cancer stage IIIb or IV referred to our lung MDT in 2012 were analyzed retrospectively. The records of patients that did not receive palliative chemotherapy with WHO PS 0, 1 or 2 at the time of diagnosis were reviewed.  Results:  53 patients with lung cancer stage IIIb or IV and PS 0-2 were managed by our MDT in 2012, of which 47 (89%) were referred to oncology. Of the 44 patients with a known outcome (3 had transferred to private care), 30 (68%) received palliative chemotherapy and 14 (32%) did not. Of these 14 patients, 10 had deteriorated in performance status between initial chest clinic assessment and oncology review, precluding chemotherapy treatment. Overall, 91% of patients graded as PS 0 at the time of diagnosis received palliative chemotherapy, compared to 50% of patients graded PS 1 and 44% graded PS 2.  Conclusions:  In an audit of stage IIIb or IV lung cancer patients managed at a UK lung MDT, the majority of patients with initial good performance status were referred to oncology. However, 23% of these patients did not receive palliative chemotherapy due to a deterioration in performance status before oncology assessment. By finding a way to streamline the referral process we may be able to reduce this number and increase palliative chemotherapy uptake.
Clinical outcomes of hepatitis B virus coinfection in a United States cohort of hepatitis C virus‐infected patients
Authors: Robert L. Kruse, Jennifer R. Kramer, Gia L. Tyson, Zhigang Duan, Liang Chen, Hashem B. El‐Serag, Fasiha Kanwal
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

The effect of hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains unclear. We used the National Veterans Affairs HCV Clinical Case Registry to identify patients with confirmed HCV viremia during 1997-2005. We defined HBV coinfection as a positive test for hepatitis B surface antigen, HBV DNA, or hepatitis B e antigen. We defined cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on the validated ICD-9 codes and determined mortality through the end of 2009. We performed Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to examine the effect of HBV coinfection stratified by HBV DNA status (positive or negative) on the risk of cirrhosis, HCC, and death adjusting for patients' age, gender, race, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, alcohol or drug use, Deyo Score, and antiviral treatment. Among 99,548 patients with HCV infection, 1,370 patients (1.4%) had HBV coinfection. Of the coinfected patients, 677 (49.4%) patients had at least one HBV DNA test done and 303 patients (44.7%) tested positive for HBV DNA. The incidence rates of cirrhosis, HCC, and death were significantly higher in patients with HBV coinfection and detectable HBV DNA compared to HCV monoinfection (36.8, 6.9, and 41.7 versus 17.4, 3.6, and 31.4 per 1,000 person-years, respectively; P < 0.05 for all comparisons). After adjustment for demographic, clinical, and treatment factors, patients with detectable HBV DNA had a significantly higher risk for cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.89 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.46-2.45), HCC (HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.26-3.60), and death (HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.33-1.99) compared to HCV monoinfected patients. There were no differences in the risk of cirrhosis, HCC, or overall mortality between coinfected patients with undetectable HBV DNA and those with HCV monoinfection (HR = 1.18, 95% CI = 0.90-1.55; 1.54, 95% CI = 0.93-2.56; 1.08, 95% CI = 0.88-1.33, respectively).We found that while only a small number of HCV patients were coinfected with HBV, patients with documented HBV viremia were at a significantly higher risk for cirrhosis, HCC, and overall death than HCV monoinfected patients. Absence of HBV replication was associated with a clinical course similar to that of HCV monoinfected patients.
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia and Acquired Disorders Affecting the Immune System: A Case-Control Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Martha S. Linet, Lee D. McCaffrey, Richard L. Humphrey, Ronald Brookmeyer, Mark L. Van Natta, James M. Tielsch, Wilma B. Bias, Jan A. Markowitz, Seldon C. Kravitz, Moyses Szklo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

The relationship of a number of subacute or chronic infectious diseases, connective tissue or autoimmune disorders, allergic conditions, and surgical excision of lymphoid tissue with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was examined in a case-control study involving 342 cases and 342 matched controls. In both analyses of all matched pairs and those pairs in which both subjects were respondents, no statistically significant association was found between a history of subacute viral infections or subacute and chronic bacterial infections and CLL. Connective tissue or autoimmune disorders also were found not to be associated with CLL. Examination of the association between several allergic conditions and CLL suggested a protective effect as did a “doseresponse” analysis, although none of the individual disorders showed a statistically significant relationship; however, a test for linear trend was significant (P = .04). Similarly, examination of the relationship between surgical excision of lymphoid tissue in several anatomic locations and CLL showed a protective effect, statistically significant for tonsillectomy-adenoidectomy (odds ratio = 0.69; 95% confidence interval = 0.48, 0.98). A statistically significant negative dose-response relationship, substantiating the protectiveness of the effect, was found.
The crucial role of the expression of negative regulator of gene transcription SOCS5 in asthma pathogenesis
Authors: Lada Sorokina, Valeriy Mineev, Michail Nyoma, Valeria Lim, Anna Eremeeva, Vasiliy Ivanov, Anna Bidenko, Vasiliy Trofimov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The aim of the study is to analyze an expression of a negative regulator of gene transcription SOCS5 in peripheral blood of patients with allergic and non-allergic bronchial asthma (BA).  Materials and methods. 20 healthy controls, 49 patients with allergic (atopic) and non-allergic BA were examined. The expression of SOCS5 mRNA was analyzed by RT-PCR. To estimate the SOCS5 mRNA quantity reverse transcription PCR followed by electrophoresis on 1,5% agarose gel was performed. Primers of SOCS5 have been developed on the basis of known sequences (GenBank). The expression level of mRNA SOCS5 was estimated concerning level of β-actin.  Results. We determined the increase of mRNA SOCS5 expression level in mononuclears of peripheral blood in patients with non-allergic BA in comparison with control group (in 1,3 times) and group of patients with allergic BA (in 1,2 times). While allergic BA patients did not have any significant distinctions of mRNA SOCS5 expression degree in comparison with control group. We also observed strong significant correlations between the level of SOCS5 expression and the duration of smoking (R=0,72) and the number of pack-years in patients with non-allergic BA (R=0,68).  Conclusion. The negative regulator of gene transcription SOCS5 can probably play the important role in pathogenesis of bronchial asthma influencing the IL-4 signaling. As a result, the level of activated STAT6 will be decreased. Increase of expression of mRNA SOCS5 in patients with non-allergic BA can specify in disturbances of system of negative regulation in asthma patients affecting especially the Th1/Th2 balance.
US Department of Veterans Affairs Primary Care Provider Turnover and Patient Satisfaction—Reply
Authors: Ashok Reddy, Rachel Werner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Why low risk class CURB patients with CAP are hospitalized
Authors: Adamantia Liapikou, Myrsini Melachrinidou, Elpida Theodorakopoulou, Andromaxi Spiliotopoulou, Andreas Anastasopoulos, Antonia Koutsoukou, Nikolaos Koulouris, Panos Demertzis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: CURB65score has been used to predict mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and is also a useful tool for predicting need for hospital admission. The aim of our study is to define why patients with CURB65 0, I score were admitted to the hospital.  Method: An observational, retrospective study of CAP patients was performed at a tertiary Hospital for 16 months. CAP patients with CURB-65 score of 0 or 1 were identified, compared with those with CURB65> 2, to determine the reasons for hospitalization.  Results: Of a total of 272 patients, 94 were classified as CURB-65 class of 0 or 1. These patients were younger (52,5 +/-18.5 vs. 70.2+/-15 74.9+/-respectively, p  CURB65 0,1 classes had shorter hospitalizations than high-risk groups (8+/-5 vs. 12+/-10 days, respectively, p  Conclusion: In CAP patients with CURB-65 scores of 0 or 1, hypoxemia and comorbitidies may influence the need for hospitalization according to clinical judgment.
Rhabdomyosarcomas Induced in Rats by Intramuscular Injections of Blue VRS
Authors: H. C. Grice, W. A. Mannell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Rhabdomyosarcomas were induced in raffs at the sites of intramuscular injection of the triphenylmethane dye Blue VRS. The tumor incidence was 50% in females and 26% in males, the median latent period was 50 and 30 weeks, respectively, and the average total dose required for induction was 417 and 307 mg, respectively. Metastases occurred frequently and the tumors were successfully transplanted into raffs of the same strain.
A phase II trial of pleurectomy/decortication followed by intrapleural and systemic chemotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Authors: V Rusch, L Saltz, E Venkatraman, R Ginsberg, P McCormack, M Burt, M Markman, D Kelsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE This study investigated the feasibility of a novel approach to the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma by combining surgical resection with immediate postoperative intrapleural chemotherapy and subsequent systemic chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with biopsy-proven, resectable malignant pleural mesothelioma underwent pleurectomy/decortication immediately followed by intrapleural chemotherapy with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 and mitomycin 8 mg/m2. Systemic chemotherapy was started 3 to 5 weeks postoperatively and included cisplatin 50 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 15, 22, 36, 43, 50, and 57, and mitomycin 8 mg/m2 on days 1 and 36. Patients were then monitored by serial chest and abdominal computed tomographic (CT) scans every 3 months until death or for a minimum of 18 months, whichever occurred first. RESULTS Of 36 patients entered onto the study, 28 had pleurectomy/decortication and intrapleural chemotherapy. There was one postoperative death, and two episodes of grade 4 renal toxicity after intrapleural chemotherapy. The 23 patients who also had systemic chemotherapy received a median of 80% and 87% of the planned total cisplatin and mitomycin doses, respectively. No grade 3 or 4 toxicities were observed. The overall survival rate of the 27 patients who were originally candidates for systemic chemotherapy was 68% at 1 year and 40% at 2 years, with a median survival duration of 17 months. Locoregional disease was the most common form of relapse (16 of 20 patients). CONCLUSION This short but aggressive combined modality regimen was generally well tolerated, but should not be used outside of a protocol setting because of the potential for serious toxicity. Overall survival was as good or better than with previously reported multimodality approaches, but other strategies are needed to improve local control.
The Role of Markers of Low-Grade Inflammation for the Early Time Course of Glycemic Control, Glucose Disappearance Rate, and β-Cell Function in Recently Diagnosed Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Katharina S. Weber, Bettina Nowotny, Klaus Strassburger, Giovanni Pacini, Karsten Müssig, Julia Szendroedi, Christian Herder, Michael Roden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

OBJECTIVE Inflammatory processes are involved in the progression of insulin resistance and β-cell dysfunction in individuals with prediabetes and contribute to the development of diabetes. We hypothesized that higher levels of biomarkers of low-grade inflammation are associated with the early progression of recently diagnosed diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Within the prospective German Diabetes Study, patients with recently diagnosed type 1 (n = 42) and type 2 (n = 94) diabetes underwent detailed metabolic characterization within the first year after diagnosis and 2 years thereafter. Associations between changes in markers of low-grade inflammation with changes in glycemic control, β-cell function, and glucose disappearance rate were assessed using multivariable linear regression analysis. Associations were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and 2-year changes in BMI, smoking status, and glucose-lowering medication. RESULTS Patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes exhibited good glucometabolic control at baseline (mean HbA1c 7.08 ± 1.58% [54 ± 17 mmol/mol] and 6.43 ± 0.98% [47 ± 11 mmol/mol], respectively) and 2 years thereafter (mean HbA1c 7.03 ± 1.20% [53 ± 13 mmol/mol] and 6.62 ± 1.14% [49 ± 13], respectively). Two-year increases of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin), and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in type 2 diabetes and of IL-18 in type 1 diabetes were associated with 2-year increases of HbA1c. Additionally, 2-year increases of sE-selectin were associated with 2-year decreases of prehepatic β-cell function in type 2 diabetes (all P &amp;lt; 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These data indicate that with the clinical onset of diabetes, low-grade inflammation relates to worsening of glycemia and that endothelial activation may contribute to decreasing β-cell function.
Inhibitory Effect of Shark Serum on the Lewis Lung Carcinoma
Authors: M. J. Snodgrass, J. D. Burke, G. D. Meetz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The growth and metastasis of transplanted Lewis lung carcinoma in C57BL/6J mice were inhibited by an ip injection of whole serum from Carcharhinus plumbeus, the sandbar shark. Tumors failed to develop in 69% of the animals inoculated with shark serum on days 0, 3, and 6 after tumor transplantation. Histologic examination of the tumor site at days 3 and 6 showed that tumor cells were pyknotic, and evidence of lysis of tumor cells and minor leukocytic infiltration existed. Tumor cells were not in tissue sections from day 15, and these animals still had no symptoms at day 216. The mean tumor volume of the remaining 31% of the treated animals was less than that of controls; they had a prolonged mean survival time, but ultimately they died from metastases, as did the controls. Urea- and hemoglobin-treated animals and those pretreated or intralesionally treated with shark serum were similar to the controls in both tumor kinetics and survival times.
Karnofsky memorial lecture. The low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: challenges and opportunities.
Authors: S A Rosenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.3.299 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3882893 Karnofsky memorial lecture. The low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas: challenges and opportunities. S A RosenbergxS A RosenbergSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.3.299 First Page PDF © 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Macrophages in Solid Tumors. I. Immunologically Specific Effector Cells 2
Authors: Henk Van Loveren, Willem Den Otter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Macrophage monolayers from the DBA/2-derived antigenic solid SL2 lymphoma and macrophage monolayers from the Wistar R-derived antigenic hepatoma 448 specifically inhibited the growth of, respectively, SL2 lymphoma cells and hepatoma 448 cells in vitro. However, macrophage monolayers, prepared from the C57BL-derived nonantigenic TLX9 lymphoma did not suppress growth of tumor, cells in vitro.
Virus of Avian Myeloblastosis (BAI Strain A). XXIII. Morphology of Virus and Comparison With Strain R (Erythroblastosis)&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R. A. Bonar, Ursula Heine, Dorothy Beard, J. W. Beard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Journal Article Virus of Avian Myeloblastosis (BAI Strain A). XXIII. Morphology of Virus and Comparison With Strain R (Erythroblastosis) Get access R. A. Bonar, R. A. Bonar Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Ursula Heine, Ursula Heine Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dorothy Beard, Dorothy Beard Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. W. Beard J. W. Beard Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 30, Issue 5, May 1963, Pages 949–997, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/30.5.949 Published: 01 May 1963 Article history Received: 31 December 1962 Published: 01 May 1963
Human Lung Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
Authors: Joan Friedland, Emanuel Silverstein, Martin Drooker, Charlotte Setton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

To enable its immunohistologic localization, angiotensin converting enzyme (EC 3.4.15.1) from human lung was solubilized by trypsinization and purified approximately 2,660-fold to apparent homogeneity from a washed lung particulate fraction. The specific activity of pure enzyme was estimated to be 117 mumol/min per mg protein with the substrate hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine. Consistent with previously described lung enzyme studies, catalytic activity was strongly inhibited by EDTA, O-phenanthroline, SQ 20,881, and SQ 14,225 and increased by CoCl(2). SQ 20,881 was a somewhat more potent inhibitor than SQ 14,225, unlike rabbit lung enzyme. The Michaelis constant (K(m)) with hippuryl-l-histidyl-l-leucine was 1.6 mM. The molecular weight was estimated at 150,000 from sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a single polypeptide chain estimated at 130,000 daltons. Rabbit antibody to human lung enzyme was prepared by parenteral administration of pure angiotensin-converting enzyme in Freund's adjuvant. Rabbit antibody to human lung angiotensin-converting enzyme appeared to crossreact weakly with the rabbit enzyme and strongly inhibited the catalytic activity of the enzymes from human serum, lung, and lymph node. The specificity of the rabbit antibody and purity of the final human lung enzyme preparation was suggested by the single precipitin lines obtained by radial double immunodiffusion, and by the coincidence of enzyme catalytic activity and immunoreactivity on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, with both relatively pure and highly impure enzymes. Generally applicable sensitive analysis of acrylamide gels for immunoreactivity (and subsequently for any other activity) by use of intact gel slices in radial double immunodiffusion was devised. Human lung enzyme was very tightly bound to and catalytically active on anti-human enzyme antibody covalently bound to Sepharose 4B, and could not be readily dissociated without inactivation. Antibody to human lung angiotensin converting enzyme has permitted tissue localization of the enzyme, which appears to be clinically useful in diseases associated with abnormal abundance of angiotensin-converting enzyme in tissues, such as sarcoidosis.
Does histology influence outcome in advanced oesophagogastric (OG) cancer? Individual patient data from 1,680 patients on three randomised controlled trials (RCT)
Authors: I. Chau, N. Starling, D. Cunningham, J. Oates, T. Iveson, M. Nicolson, R. Hawkins, T. Hickish, M. Seymour, A. Norman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

15001 Background: In advanced OG cancer, it is unclear whether squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) differs from adenocarcinoma (Ad) in its response to chemotherapy, as most phase III studies do not include both histology. The aim of this pooled analysis was to evaluate whether there is a differential chemotherapy effect on overall survival (OS), response rate (RR) and toxicity depending on tumour histology (SCC vs. Ad) using individual patient (pt) data. Methods: From 1994 to 2005, 3 RCTs were conducted assessing fluoropyrimidine ± platinum-based chemotherapy. This analysis was restricted to eligible pts with SCC or Ad histology who received =1 dose chemotherapy. Apart from OS and RR, a toxicity composite endpoint (TCE) was constructed - defined as occurrence of grades =3 diarrhoea, (febrile) neutropenia, infection, nausea &amp; vomiting, grades =2 renal and neurotoxicity. Ad was used as the control group. Two-sided p values of &lt;0.05 were considered significant. Results: Of the 1,836 pts randomised, 1,680 were included for this analysis of whom 1,536 (91%) had Ad and 144 (9%) had SCC. Locally advanced disease was present in 17% and 20% of Ad and SCC patients respectively. The median survival was 9.4 months with Ad and 7.7 months with SCC and one year survival rates were 38% and 29% respectively (log rank p= 0.115) and this remained non- significant on multivariate analysis (p=0.206). The RR was 40.4% (95% CI: 38–42.9%) in Ad and 33.3% in SCC (95% CI: 26.1–41.4%; p=0.109). TCE occurred in 45% and 44% of patients with Ad and SCC respectively (p=1.0). Time to TCE was not significantly different (log rank p=0.829). Conclusions: Although there was a trend towards worse survival with SCC, no significant differences in chemotherapy outcome were demonstrated, despite our large dataset. Molecular therapeutics targeting distinct biological pathways between the two histology subtypes may influence outcome more than cytotoxic combinations in the future. No significant financial relationships to disclose.