tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 251: iRescU---Saving Lives and Data: A New Multiplatform App to Integrate Social Media and Bridge Logistic Challenges in the Chain of Survival
Authors: Nadine Levick
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Of 300,000 USA out-of-hospital cardiac arrests &lt;10% survive, and an AED used in &lt;2%, yet in ~4/5 there is a shockable rhythm. Studies demonstrate bystanders are often uncomfortable to perform CPR, locate or use an AED, and often ineffective in cardiac emergencies. Objective: To develop a freely available CPR/AED smartphone app designed for lay use with gratis community dissemination. Methodology: A multidisciplinary team designed app, optimizing features available in smartphones, utilizing cutting edge cloud based and crowd source technologies to be an easy access tool for the lay person for training, and when faced with life threatening cardiac emergency, as well as providing enhanced AED location access and two way valuable datasets to Emergency Services and public health researchers. Results: The iRescU CPR App is &lt;1mb, designed for deployment to multiple mobile platforms, functioning as both a data terminal and a data resource, with modes addressing; CPR/AED/EMS support in an emergency setting, CPR/AED training mode and AED geolocation. The design is simple high contrast screens, clear text information (international language capability), adherence to AHA and/or ERC guidelines with no medical jargon, use of visual, auditory, and haptic feedback to enhance CPR performance, and uses standard GPRS/GPS technology to access a live expanding AED database to provide relevant real time AED location information, with scope to interact with emergency services and resources. iRescU can operate without connectivity, and is capable of saving data, and uploading when connectivity is restored. Initial evaluation completed, operational field evaluation is underway with five pilot sites for initial AED geolocation capture. A creative dissemination plan involves both health care and non-healthcare strategies Conclusions: The effectiveness of the lay public's key role in initiating effective CPR, locating and using an AED is a major challenge to achieving improved cardiac arrest outcomes. Current methods for reliably locating the nearest AED are limited. This App bridges existing logistics gaps in the chain of survival providing a freely available tool for the lay public to enhance their effectiveness in improving cardiac arrest outcomes.
Italian data support upper gastrointestinal endoscopy without sedation
Authors: V. Peri, G. Gatto, M. Amuso, M. Traina
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Despite these findings and the well documented data on adults, pulse oximetry and cardiac monitoring have not been universally used in children undergoing endoscopy under sedation.4Clearly, if paediatric endoscopy is performed in this way similar recommendations concerning careful monitoring and supplemental oxygen must apply.There is, however, a safer and possibly better alternative.After witnessing several major hypoxic events and a respiratory arrest in centres where paediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy is performed under sedation, we have made it our policy to undertake these procedures under short general anaesthesia.This permits both detailed cardio- respiratory monitoring and constant supervision of the patient's airway by the anaesthetist.The procedure is well tolerated (and much preferred by those who have previously undergone endoscopy or jejunal biopsy under sedation) and can usually be carried out on a day case basis.General anaes- thesia allows the endoscopist to concentrate on the examination without distraction, and therapeutic interventions such as dilatation of an oesophageal stricture or injection of oesophageal varices can be undertaken during the same session.In a personal audit of over 300 diagnostic or therapeutic flexible gastrointestinal endoscopies performed in children aged 1 month to 17 years under general anaesthesia since January 1994 there were no major adverse events and all patients recovered fully.The patients included children with severe cerebral palsy, congenital heart disease, and other complex medical problems, who are at greater risk of cardiorespiratory disturbances.
Redesigned HIV antibodies exhibit enhanced neutralizing potency and breadth
Authors: Jordan R. Willis, Gopal Sapparapu, Sasha Murrell, Jean-Philippe Julien, Vidisha Singh, Hannah G. King, Yan Xia, Jennifer A. Pickens, Celia C. LaBranche, James C. Slaughter, David C. Montefiori, Ian A. Wilson, Jens Meiler, James E. Crowe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Several HIV envelope-targeting (Env-targeting) antibodies with broad and potent neutralizing activity have been identified and shown to have unusual features. Of these, the PG9 antibody has a long heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 (HCDR3) and possesses unique structural elements that interact with protein and glycan features of the HIV Env glycoprotein. Here, we used the Rosetta software suite to design variants of the PG9 antibody HCDR3 loop with the goal of identifying variants with increased potency and breadth of neutralization for diverse HIV strains. One variant, designated PG9_N100(F)Y, possessed increased potency and was able to neutralize a diverse set of PG9-resistant HIV strains, including those lacking the Env N160 glycan, which is critical for PG9 binding. An atomic resolution structure of the PG9_N100(F)Y fragment antigen binding (Fab) confirmed that the mutated residue retains the paratope surface when compared with WT PG9. Differential scanning calorimetry experiments revealed that the mutation caused a modest increase in thermodynamic stability of the Fab, a feature predicted by the computational model. Our findings suggest that thermodynamic stabilization of the long HCDR3 in its active conformation is responsible for the increased potency of PG9_N100(F)Y, and strategies aimed at stabilizing this region in other HIV antibodies could become an important approach to in silico optimization of antibodies.
Engineering vascularized soft tissue flaps in an animal model using human adipose–derived stem cells and VEGF+PLGA/PEG microspheres on a collagen-chitosan scaffold with a flow-through vascular pedicle
Authors: Qixu Zhang, Justin Hubenak, Tejaswi Iyyanki, Erik Alred, Kristin C. Turza, Greg Davis, Edward I. Chang, Cynthia D. Branch-Brooks, Elisabeth K. Beahm, Charles E. Butler
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
IGH@ Translocations Involving the Pseudoautosomal Region 1 (PAR1) of Both Sex Chromosomes Deregulate the Cytokine Receptor-Like Factor 2 (CRLF2) Gene in B Cell Precursor Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (BCP-ALL)
Authors: Lisa J Russell, Melania Capasso, Inga Vater, Anthony V Moorman, Takashi Akasaka, Lana Harder, Olaf Heidenreich, Lee Machado, Stephan Gest, Jonathan C Strefford, Thiruppavai Chandrasekaran, Holger Tönnies, Aneela Majid, Olivier Bernard, Martin JS Dyer, Reiner Siebert, Christine J Harrison
Journal: Blood (2008)
The effect of steroids and ammonium chloride acidosis on phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase in rat kidney cortex
Authors: I. D. Longshaw, C. I. Pogson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

The behaviour of rat kidney cortex phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase has been investigated under conditions of triamcinolone administration and ammonium chloride acidosis. The concentration of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase as measured by enzyme activity and immunotitration was elevated under both conditions. The mechanism of induction is different in the two cases. At doses which produce maximum stimulation, the effects of steroid and ammonium chloride were additive; only the increment in enzyme activity produced by steroid was blocked by actinomycin D. PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE CARBOXYKINASE ACTIVITIES IN ALL CONDITIONS INVESTIGATED SHOW SIMILAR BEHAVIOR IN DILUTE EXTRACTS: these experiments involved antibody titration, stability studies, and molecular weight determinations on sucrose gradients. The molecular weight of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was also studied in undiluted extracts prepared by high-speed centrifugation; values were determined from sedimentation data obtained with a moving-partition cell as described by Yphantis and Waugh. Under these conditions, the apparent molecular weight of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase was increased from 83,000 to 128,000 by ammonium chloride acidosis. These results are discussed and a hypothesis regarding the mechanism of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase regulation in kidney cortex is presented.
Use of arsenic trioxide in remission induction and consolidation therapy for acute promyelocytic leukaemia in the Australasian Leukaemia and Lymphoma Group (ALLG) APML4 study: a non-randomised phase 2 trial
Authors: Harry J Iland, Marnie Collins, Ken Bradstock, Shane G Supple, Alberto Catalano, Mark Hertzberg, Peter Browett, Andrew Grigg, Frank Firkin, Lynda J Campbell, Amanda Hugman, John Reynolds, Juliana Di Iulio, Campbell Tiley, Kerry Taylor, Robin Filshie, Michael Seldon, John Taper, Jeff Szer, John Moore, John Bashford, John F Seymour
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)
Abstract 4062: Role of CD137 signaling in immune evasion of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells
Authors: Sakthi Rajendran, Herbert Schwarz
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), a lymphoid malignancy, is a frequently occurring cancer among adolescents and young adults. HL is marked by the presence of malignant Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells, which constitute only a small fraction of the tumor mass. HRS cells are present in a complex stroma of inflammatory leukocytes, but are often able to evade the host immune system. These cells express various receptors to recruit leukocytes and hijack them for supporting the tumor growth. Our group has reported the overexpression of CD137, a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily, on the HRS cells of HL tumor samples. CD137 is a co-stimulatory molecule expressed by T cells, only upon activation. We speculated that the expression of CD137 on the HRS cells may be associated with its malignancy, as HRS cells are clonally derived from B cells which are not expressing CD137. Our study aims to analyse the functional role of CD137 expression behind the survival, progression, and cytokine release of the malignant HRS cells. We found that the induction of CD137 signaling in HRS cell lines enhanced the secretion of cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α and IL-13. In order to investigate the effect of these cytokines on the immune microenvironment, we cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the supernatants derived from CD137-induced HRS cells. PBMCs, when cultured in the above mentioned conditioned supernatants, secreted lesser levels of IFN-γ (a Th1 cytokine essential for T cell and NK cell cytotoxicity), implying a suppressed state of immune cells. Further, neutralisation of IL-13 (a Th2 cytokine) in the conditioned supernatants reversed the reduction of IFN-γ observed in PBMCs. This shows that IL-13 secreted by the HRS cells upon CD137 signaling is responsible for the inhibition of IFN-γ secretion by PBMCs. To summarize, CD137 signaling in HRS cells leads to the secretion of cytokines, which drive the polarization of helper T cells towards Th2 type, thus reducing Th1 immune responses against cancers. Taken together, our findings reveal the role of CD137 signaling as a novel mechanism of immune escape in HRS cells. Hence, targeting CD137 can be a potential therapeutic option for HL patients. Citation Format: Sakthi Rajendran, Herbert Schwarz. Role of CD137 signaling in immune evasion of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 4062. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-4062
Subtype stability in schizophrenia
Authors: K S Kendler, A M Gruenberg, M T Tsuang
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors examine the long-term stability of the subtypes of schizophrenia defined by four diagnostic systems. When all patients were considered, agreement between subtype assigned at index and follow-up was modest. This agreement increased considerably when only patients diagnosed as paranoid, hebephrenic, or catatonic at both index and follow-up were considered. As for individual subtypes, stability was highest for paranoid schizophrenia, intermediate for hebephrenia, and virtually absent for undifferentiated schizophrenia. The stability of paranoid schizophrenia was greatest when onset occurred after age 30. As length of follow-up increased, a larger proportion of patients were diagnosed as undifferentiated or residual.
The effect of smoking on severity of asthma and quality of life in patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting b2-agonist (ICS/LABA)
Authors: Galina Sergeeva, Alexander Emelyanov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background. The airm of this study was to assess the effect of smoking on severity of asthma and quality of life in asthmatic patients treated with ICS/LABA in real clinical practice.

Methods. 122 out-patients (aged 20 - 82 yrs, mean age 55 yrs, 28% males) with moderate-to-severe asthma were treated with medium/high doses of ICS (GINA2010) and LABA in one inhaler for ≥2 years. Quality of life was measured by using Russian version of St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ).

Results. Never smoked 36% of patients, former smokers were 31% and current smokers were 33%. Among never smoked asthmatics 80% were treated by medium doses of ICS / LABA and 20% received high doses. Patients with history of smoking (current or previous) have administered medium doses of ICS / LABA in 68% and high doses in 32%. FEV1 differed in nonsmokers and current smokers: 70% vs 56%, p<0.05. History of smoking was associated with FEV1 level (r=-0.25, p<0.05) and severity of disease (r=0.3, p<0.05). The difference of Symptom score between smokers (current or former) and nonsmokers was significant (57,6 versus 66,7, p<0.05). We revealed the impact of smoking to all scores of SGRQ in females: Symptom (57 vs 65, p<0.05), Activity (53 vs 51, p<0.05), Impact (39 vs 40, p<0.01), and Total score (46 vs 48, p<0.01) but not in males.

Conclusion: Smoking is common and may decrease effectiveness of ICS and LABA in asthmatic patients in real clinical practice. There were significant correlations between smoking, severity of asthma and SGRQ scores, especially in females.
Abstract 11835: An Alternative Method to Measure in vivo Reverse Cholesterol Transport in Hyperlipidemic Hamsters
Authors: Francois Briand, Quentin Thieblemont, Elodie Muzotte, Thierry Sulpice
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objectives- Intraperitoneal injection of 3H-cholesterol labeled macrophages is a relevant method to measure reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). However, the contribution of intraperitoneal macroph...
Low Risk of Birth Defects for Infants Whose Mothers Are Treated With Anti–Tumor Necrosis Factor Agents During Pregnancy
Authors: Gabriella Bröms, Fredrik Granath, Anders Ekbom, Karin Hellgren, Lars Pedersen, Henrik T. Sørensen, Olof Stephansson, Helle Kieler
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2015)
Abstract 12910: Safety and Utility of Cardiac Catheterization in the Early Postoperative Period Following Congenital Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Kimberly I Mills, Lisa B Bergersen, Matthew Jolley, Sarah A Teele, John E Mayer, Joshua W Salvin
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: In patients with clinical concern for residual anatomic or physiologic lesions after congenital cardiac surgery, the risk to benefit ratio of early postoperative cardiac catheterization (EPOC) remains unclear. Methods: Retrospectively, patients undergoing EPOC (catheterization ≤42 days after surgery and prior to discharge) were identified from a single institutional database between 1/1/06 to 10/31/13. Patient, procedural and high-severity adverse event (HSAE) data were obtained from the Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Outcomes Project. Univariate analysis identified risk factors for HSAEs and a multivariable model was created to describe their relationship. Utility of EPOC was determined by re-intervention (surgical and/or catheter-based). Results: In the cohort, 561 EPOCS occurred on median POD 10 (5, 19) in 413 subjects with median age of 4.6 mos (3.2, 9.9) and weight 4.4 kg (0.8, 18.2). The majority of cases were not elective (92%), performed on inotropes (62%) and mechanically ventilated (96%). Residual defects were found in 75% of the cases: 50% requiring catheter-based interventions, 15% necessitating re-operation and 10% underwent both catheter-based intervention and re-operation. There were 70 HSAEs (12.5%) including 1 death, 2 emergent surgeries and 5 ECMO cannulations. Vascular tears occurred at surgical anastomotic sites in 11 of 198 (6%) cases involving angioplasty. HSAEs were associated with low patient weight (p=0.02), interventional procedures (p=0.03), greater number of interventions (p&lt;0.01), higher procedure risk group (p=0.03), blood transfusion (p&lt;0.01) and longer case duration (p&lt;0.01). In multivariable analysis, HSAEs were associated with case duration (OR 1.008, 95% CI 1.003-1.012), blood transfusion (OR 0.431, 95% CI 0.25-0.745) and male gender (OR 0.573, 95% CI 0.331-0.992). Time from surgery to EPOC was not associated with an increased rate of HSAEs (p=0.5). Conclusions: EPOC carried an increased rate of HSAEs with no association between POD and the rate of HSAEs. EPOC identified significant residual defects in the majority of patients necessitating re-intervention. EPOC should be considered in patients with unexpected cardiopulmonary concerns following congenital cardiac surgery.
The presentation and outcome of chronic pulmonary lobar collapse in children
Authors: Alexandra Hardisty, Tim Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Chronic idiopathic pulmonary lobar collapse (CIPLC) is a recognised but under-researched entity in children. Whilst studies acknowledge its existence, there is no data describing the progress and outcome of these patients (Hamad A, Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 15(2012) 618-621.)  CIPLC is defined as radiologically confirmed lobar collapse, persisting for 3 months or more, in the absence of identified cause, or other respiratory disease. We studied a cohort of children with the condition, with a view to improving our understanding of the natural history of the disease, and in particular functional outcome.  We identified 9 children under current respiratory follow up at Leeds Children9s Hospital. Medical notes were reviewed, recording serial lung function and growth, positive sputum microbiology, number of antibiotic courses and symptom progression. Qualitative data was obtained from completion of the Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire (CFQ-R) and telephone interviews.  7 patients had left and 2 patients had right lower lobe collapse. Median age at diagnosis was 5.85 years (range 1.01-9.44). There was no statistical difference between the initial mean FEV 1  (64.4) and current mean FEV1 (64.1) (z=-0.67, p  This is the first study describing progress of chronic idiopathic lobar collapse in children. Whilst acknowledging that it is a major diagnosis for families, it provides evidence for giving an optimistic prognosis.
Abstract P419: Diet patterns in Argentinean adults
Authors: Natalia Elorriaga, Vilma E Irazola, Laura Gutierrez, Maria D Defagó, Rosana Poggio, Adolfo L Rubinstein
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objectives: to identify Diet Patterns (DP) in the adult population of Argentina, and explore associations with gender, age and educational level. Methods: We defined DP among 3,010 adults between 35 to 74 years old, participating in CESCAS I, a population-based cohort study carried out in two cities in Argentina, Marcos Paz and Bariloche. Data on food intake was obtained from a validated self-administered food frequency questionnaire. Principal component Analysis (PCA) was used to identify DP. A summary score for each pattern was then derived and used in multiple regression analysis to examine the relationship between DP and socio-demographic variables. Results: 3 major eating patterns were identified. They explained 25% of the total variance. Factor 1 (Traditional diet pattern) was characterized by a high intake of refined grains, red meat, whole- fat dairy products, vegetable oils and other fat spreads, and “mate”, a traditional South American drink. Factor 2 (Healthy diet pattern), was characterized by a high intake of vegetables, fruit, low-fat dairy products, whole grains, and legumes. Factor 3 (Processed-food diet pattern) consisted mainly of processed meat, snacks, pizza, and “empanadas”, a stuffed bread baked or fried. After adjusting for energy intake, we found that DP were associated with age, gender, and educational level. Traditional DP score was lower at high educational level (p 0.001), Healthy DP score was higher among women (p 0.000), and high educational level (p 0.001) while men scored significantly higher in the Processed-food DP (p 0.002). Conclusions: Local DP has been identified in our population. This study will provide useful information to set priority targets for nutrition interventions, and promote healthy policies based on local food habits.
Abstract 4534: <i>In vivo</i> antitumor activity of PM060184 in patient-derived xenografted tumors (avatar)
Authors: Manuel Hidalgo, M. José Guillén, Pedro Pablo López-Casas, Francesca Sarno, Oscar Cataluña, Mandy Palomares, Carmen Cuevas, Pablo M. Aviles
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: PM060184 is a synthetic marine-derived compound originally isolated from the marine sponge Lithoplocamia lithistoides. PM060184 induces disorganization and disruption of the microtubule network as well as aberrant mitotic spindle multipolarization and chromosome missegregation. These effects give rise to prometaphase arrest and formation of multinucleated cells. Then, cells enter to caspase-driven apoptosis or are arrested in a pseudo-senescent state. PM060184 is currently under evaluation in Phase I clinical studies in patients with advanced cancer diseases. Material and Methods: Athymic female nu/nu mice were subcutaneously implanted with different patient-derived tumors: NSCLC (N=4)), pancreas (N=5), colon (N=4) and gastric (N=2). Tumor (ca. 300 mm3) bearing animals (N=6-10/group) were randomly allocated to receive PM060184 (16 mg/kg) or placebo. Treatments were administered weekly for 5 consecutive weeks. Antitumor effect was calculated using ΔT/ΔC (%), defined as a percentage of the change in tumor size for treated (T) and placebo (C) groups during the placebo-treated survival time (D). Complete tumor regression (CR) was defined when tumor volume &amp;lt; 63 mm3 for 2 or more consecutive measurements. Results: The treatment with PM060184 produced lowest ΔT/ΔC values summarized as follows: TumorMinimal ΔT/ΔC (%)on Day NSCLCPulm-0052.232Pulm 00920.414Pulm-0160.045Pulm-02114.738PancreasPanc-21537.335Panc-26512.126Panc-35429.532JH-02450.039ColonCCR-02051.628CCR-02535.639CCR-02933.535CCR-03034.328GastricGastric-00853.331Gastric-0102.538 During the treatment, complete remissions (CR) of tumors were also seen in animals bearing the following xenografts: Pulm-005 (7 CR/7 mice), Pulm-016 (10 CR/10 mice) and Gastric-010 (9 CR/9 mice). Conclusion: The treatment with PM060184 demonstrated significant in vivo antitumor activity in patient-derived xenografts of human NSCLC, pancreas, colon and gastric tumors. Citation Format: Manuel Hidalgo, M. José Guillén, Pedro Pablo López-Casas, Francesca Sarno, Oscar Cataluña, Mandy Palomares, Carmen Cuevas, Pablo M. Aviles. In vivo antitumor activity of PM060184 in patient-derived xenografted tumors (avatar). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4534. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4534