tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue (ASCR) for recurrent medulloblastoma
Authors: B. Diez, M. Garcia Lombardi, G. Chantada, C. Dengra, D. Fernandez Sasso, B. Koziner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

11507 Background: Medulloblastoma is a highly lethal disease when it recurs and very few patients survive with conventional treatment. This study evaluated the use of high-dose carboplatin, thiotepa, and etoposide with autologous stem-cell rescue (ASCR) in patients with recurrent medulloblastoma. Methods: Between 8/97 and 8/05 14 patients (M/F 12/2) with recurrent medulloblastoma, aged 2 to 33 years (median, 10.5 years) at ASCR, were treated. Thirteen had relapsed after chemotherapy and craniospinal + posterior fossa irradiation and one after chemotherapy (Baby POG) at a median time of 19 months (7 to 148). One had a local relapse and 13 had dissemination at relapse (M1: 1, M2: 7 and M3: 5) Chemotherapy consisted of carboplatin 500 mg/m 2 (or area under the curve = 7 mg/ml × min via Calvert formula) on days −8, −7, −6; and thiotepa 300 mg/m 2 and etoposide 250 mg/m 2 on days −5, −4, and −3 respectively; followed by ASCR on day 0. Results: Four patients died of treatment-related toxicities at 0, +23, +42 and +51 days post ASCR (bacterial sepsis in 2, CMV infection in 1 and CNS hemorrhage in 1). It should be remarked that all the toxic deaths were observed in patients auto grafted before October 2000. Five of 14 patients (35%) are event-free survivors at a median of 70 months post-ASCR (range: 5 to 86 months). Tumor recurred in the remaining 5 patients at a median time of 2 months post ASCR (2 to 15). All died at +23, +16, +12, +9 and +4 month post ASCR. Conclusions: Our results seem consistent with those published by Dunkel IJ (J. Clin Oncol; 16:222 - 8 1998) and argue about the efficacy of high dose chemotherapy with ASCR to provide long-term survival for some patients with recurrent medulloblastoma. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Phase III Study of Concurrent Versus Sequential Thoracic Radiotherapy in Combination With Mitomycin, Vindesine, and Cisplatin in Unresectable Stage III Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kiyoyuki Furuse, Masahiro Fukuoka, Masaaki Kawahara, Hideki Nishikawa, Yoshiki Takada, Shinzoh Kudoh, Nobuyuki Katagami, Yutaka Ariyoshi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: A phase III study was performed to determine whether concurrent or sequential treatment with radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT) improves survival in unresectable stage III non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients were assigned to the two treatment arms. In the concurrent arm, chemotherapy consisted of cisplatin (80 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 29), vindesine (3 mg/m 2 on days 1, 8, 29, and 36), and mitomycin (8 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 29). RT began on day 2 at a dose of 28 Gy (2 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week for a total of 14 fractions) followed by a rest period of 10 days, and then repeated. In the sequential arm, the same CT was given, but RT was initiated after completing CT and consisted of 56 Gy (2 Gy per fraction and 5 fractions per week for a total of 28 fractions). RESULTS: Three hundred twenty patients were entered onto the study. Pretreatment characteristics were well balanced between the treatment arms. The response rate for the concurrent arm was significantly higher (84.0%) than that of the sequential arm (66%) (P = .0002). The median survival duration was significantly superior in patients receiving concurrent therapy (16.5 months), as compared with those receiving sequential therapy (13.3 months) (P = .03998). Two-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year survival rates in the concurrent group (34.6%, 22.3%, 16.9%, and 15.8%, respectively) were better than those in the sequential group (27.4%, 14.7%, 10.1%, and 8.9%, respectively). Myelosuppression was significantly greater among patients on the concurrent arm than on the sequential arm (P = .0001). CONCLUSION: In selected patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC, the concurrent approach yields a significantly increased response rate and enhanced median survival duration when compared with the sequential approach.
Rapid Intracerebral Passage and Recovery of Moloney Leukemia Virus From Mouse Brain Tissue&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Herbert J. Spencer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Journal Article Rapid Intracerebral Passage and Recovery of Moloney Leukemia Virus From Mouse Brain Tissue Get access Herbert J. Spencer Herbert J. Spencer Medical Research Laboratories, Mary Imogene Bassett Hospital (Affiliated With Columbia University), Cooperstown, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 30, Issue 2, February 1963, Pages 313–321, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/30.2.313 Published: 01 February 1963 Article history Received: 21 August 1962 Published: 01 February 1963
Serum KL-6 elevation related with severity in patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia
Authors: Yosuke Wada, Toshiki Yokoyama, Toshimichi Horiuchi, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Keishi Kubo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Pneumocystis pneumonia is attracted attention as one of opportunistic infection in immunosuppressive patients. A part of them progress severe respiratory failure and is difficult to treat. It is particular in non-HIV patients.

Methods: Patients who were hospitalized because of the Pneumocystis pneumonia were enrolled in the study between 2005 and 2010 at Shinshu University Hospital. The patients' condition, laboratory data, the respiratory management, and oxygenation were analyzed. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed on admission if possible.

Results: Fifteen patients were hospitalized (mean age 62.3±14.4, male 11/female 4). Eight patients were treated with mechanical ventilation and 5 patients died in hospital. In comparison between survivor and non-survivor, serumβ-D glucan, a marker of pneumocystis infection, had no significant difference. However, serum KL-6 concentrations, a marker of type II cell injury and/or proliferation, in survivors were higher than that in non-survivors (survivor 1106.1±943.7 vs non-survivor 3286.5±1523.9, p=0.0174). Furthermore, the KL-6 concentration was related with PaO2/FIO2 of patients significantly.

Conclusion: We suggested that serum KL-6 elevation showed patients severity in pneumocystis pneumonia.
Abstract 11231: Intravenous Morphine Administration in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction - Impact on Reperfusion Success Assessed by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Suzanne de Waha, Ingo Eitel, Steffen Desch, Georg Fuernau, Philipp Lurz, Gerhard Schuler, Holger Thiele
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Current AHA/ACC guidelines recommend intravenous (IV) morphine administration in patients with STEMI with a class IC indication. As indicated by the level of evidence, due to lacking dat...
Effects of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with COPD with and without fat free mass depletion
Authors: Leonardo Silveira, Danilo C. Berton, Cassia C. da Costa, Rafael M. de Souza, Paulo J.Z. Teixeira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We aimed contrast the effects of exercise training in COPD patients with and without reductions in fat-free mass (FFM) and evaluate the relationship among changes in body composition, exercise capacity and health related quality of life.  One hundred and four patients submitted to Pulmonary Rehabilitation (PR) were retrospectively stratified according their FFM status. FFM was measured by bioelectrical impedance and patients considered depleted if FFM index was ≤ 15 in women and ≤ 16 kg/m 2  in men). Saint George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and 6 minute walk distance (6MWD) were evaluated before and after PR.  Characteristics of all patients are following: 64.1±8.7 years; body mass index (BMI)= 25.1±4.7 Kg/m 2 ; FFM index= 17.1±3.0 Kg/m 2 ; FVC=66.4±20.1%; FEV 1 = 38.9±15.2%; 6MWD= 395.3±85.5m; and oxygen saturation (SpO 2 )=93.2±4.2%. Thirty two subjects (30.7%) were considered depleted. They had worse resting lung function and SpO 2  (CVF= 59.4±19.5 vs 69.6 vs 19.6%, p=0.02; FEV 1 =33.6±13.2 vs 41.4±15.5%, p=0.02; SpO 2 = 91.7±4.8 vs 93.9±3.8, p=0.02). Improvement in 6MWD and SGRQ after PR were not different comparing groups. There is no difference in weight alteration (0.14±3.3 vs -0.43±2.7 Kg) whereas depleted patients had a greater improvement in fat free mass (3.71±7.89 vs -0.29±2.56Kg; p  Concluding, the clinical benefits of PR were not different comparing FFM depleted and non-depleted COPD patients. However, improvement in FFM was greater in depleted patients leading the majority of them to be considered non-depleted after PR.
LONG-TERM CLINICAL AND METABOLIC OBSERVATIONS IN PERIODIC CATATONIA
Authors: A. G. GORNALL, B. EGLITIS, A. MILLER, A. B. STOKES, J. G. DEWAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1953)

A detailed, metabolic investigation has been conducted in 3 cases of periodic catatonia over a period of 2-3 years. Case 1, a woman whose illness dated back to 1939 and who for 3 years prior to the present study had experienced recurrent violent excitements, was found to have changes in basal metabolic rate and nitrogen excretion correlating with her phasic changes. The disturbance has been brought under control by treatment with thyroid hormone and she has returned to work. Case 2, a man whose periodic psychotic excitements date back to 1936, was found to have a relative deficiency in 17-ketosteroid excretion with normal corticoid output. ACTH caused a normal adrenal response only in the corticoid fraction. This patient also had a low basal rate of oxygen utilization during interval periods and thyroid medication has brought his illness under control. Case 3, a woman with recurrent attacks of stupor since 1945, was found to have a relative excess of 17-ketosteroids in her urine with marked increases just prior to the onset of the deep retardation. The adrenal response to ACTH was relatively good, with a somewhat greater increase in corticoids than in 17-ketosteroids. Preliminary trials with cortisone improved her mental state and may provide specific, corrective therapy in this case. The possible significance of the low rate of oxygen utilization and its relationship to a state of hormonal imbalance are discussed. The importance of a careful determination of the hormonal pattern is stressed, if the causes of certain types of mental illness are to be understood and the success of specific, corrective therapy is to be evaluated.
A possible association between breast cancer, bronchiectasis and nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung disease
Authors: Julie Philley, Christiana Guthrie, Starla Whitehead, Amber Cook, Jeana Benwill, Barbara Brown-Elliott, Serah Obayangban, Lori Wyatt, Roel Flores, Philip Ramirez, Rene McClendon, Tracy Drake, Vickie Wilhite, Angelia Murphy, Richard Wallace, David Griffith
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  Nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) lung infections in the U.S. occur predominantly in women with bronchiectasis and a characteristic phenotype that includes thin body habitus, scoliosis and mitral valve prolapse. The explanation(s) for this association is unclear, but may be related to hormone regulation. We hypothesized that women with bronchiectasis and NTM lung infection are also predisposed to hormonally mediated tumors such as breast cancer.  Methods  We identified age appropriate women from our outpatient clinic who were diagnosed with bronchiectasis and asked them to respond by telephone questions focused on hormone regulation and hormone associated malignancies such as breast cancer.  Results  A total of 113 surveys were completed. NTM lung disease was present in 110/113 (97.3%) of respondents. 21/113 (18.6%) of respondents had a history of breast cancer. (Women have a 12.4% lifetime risk of developing breast cancer in the U.S.) 30/113 (26.5%) had a first degree relative with breast cancer. The average age of breast cancer diagnosis was 59.9 +/- 4 yrs. Osteoporosis was present in 9/21 (42.9%) and in 42/92 (45.7%) of respondents with and without breast cancer respectively. 13/21 (62%) of respondents with breast cancer vs 60/92 (65%) of respondents without breast cancer had at least a partial hysterectomy. The average age at menopause was 47 +/- 4.8 yrs vs 46 +/- 5 yrs in the breast cancer and non-breast cancer groups respectively.  Conclusions  Women with bronchiectasis and NTM lung disease may also be at increased risk for the development of breast cancer. Corroboration of this observation and investigation of common pathophysiologic links requires more study.
Obstructive sleep apnea in US veterans was associated with increased mortality and morbidity
Authors: Roop Kaw
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club15 September 2015Obstructive sleep apnea in US veterans was associated with increased mortality and morbidityRoop Kaw, MDRoop Kaw, MDCleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA (R.K.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-163-6-012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMolnar MZ, Mucsi I, Novak M, et al. Association of incident obstructive sleep apnoea with outcomes in a large cohort of US veterans. Thorax. 2015;Jun 2. Epub ahead of print. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26038534Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Geriatrics: Pulmonology: References1. Yaggi HK, Concato J, Kernan WN, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea as a risk factor for stroke and death. N Engl J Med. 2005;353:2034-41. [PMID: 16282178] Google Scholar2. Marin JM, Carrizo SJ, Vicente E, Agusti AG. Long-term cardiovascular outcomes in men with obstructive sleep apnoea–hypopnoea with or without treatment with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study. Lancet. 2005;365:1046-53. [PMID: 15781100] Google Scholar3. Cassar A, Morgenthaler TI, Lennon RJ, Rihal CS, Lerman A. Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea is associated with decreased cardiac death after percutaneous coronary intervention. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:1310-4. [PMID: 17903628] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Roop Kaw, MDAffiliations: Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA (R.K.)This article was published at Annals.org on 1 September 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySelf-reported sleep quality and sleep disorders in people with physician-diagnosed gout: an Internet cross-sectional survey 15 September 2015Volume 163, Issue 6Page: JC12KeywordsCongenital heart diseaseContinuous positive airway pressureCoronary heart diseaseEstimated glomerular filtration rateMorbidityMortalityObstructive sleep apneaRacial and ethnic issuesSleep apneaStroke ePublished: 15 September 2015 Issue Published: 15 September 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension and general practitioners: Difficulties are mainly due to a lack of knowledge
Authors: Romain Vezilier, Damien Jorge, Amélie Servettaz, Christelle Guillaume, Violaine Noel, Pierre Mauran, Damien Metz, Roland Jaussaud
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

In Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), final diagnosis and choice of treatments depend on specialists. Nevertheless, general practitioners (GP) remain the first line medical help for these patients at home.  A anonymous quiz was send to all GP that were taking care of at least one PAH patient followed in our hospital PAH center to document their degree of knowledge and difficulties in PAH patient management.  60 patients were followed by our PAH center between 2010 and 2012 and fullfilled the diagnosis criteria of PAH. Most of them were initially in NYHA Class III or IV and currently treated with combination therapy. Among the 55 concerned GP, 30 responded. These GP visited their patient 9,6 times per year. Problems concerning PAH were mentionned in 78% of the visits. Most visits (92%) were initially conducted for schedule renewal but in 44% of the cases, GP also had to manage PAH exacerbation. 87% GP reported having some knowledge on PAH. They knew some but not all PAH symptoms (82% cited dyspnea, 4,5% cited weakness). No GP had a good knowledge of specific PAH drugs, except concerning PDE5 inhibitors. Their main information sources on PAH were medical reports of the center (56%), continuing medical education (36%), web (32%). 90% of the GP asked for more informations on PAH. For 60%, this lack of knowledge limits their quality of care. We set up a short support remembering the key points to check at each visit concerning the disease status and the drugs used and the coordinates of the referent specialist.  GP complain about a lack of informations on PAH. A booklet is proposed for helping them in their daily practice.
Partial and complete av canal.
Authors: D J Hagler, A J Tajik, J B Seward
Journal: Circulation (1979)

EDITORbetter prognostic indicator than the end-diastolic volume.This is what led us to speculate that left atrial and right heart volumes also are important prognostic indicators.We did not propose that plain film heart volume should be used to predict end-diastolic volume.The point of the sensitivity and specificity data and figure 1 is to indicate that plain film heart volume, while a sensitive detector of an enlarged left ventricle, was not specific, as clearly stated in the narrative.We differ with Dr. Selzer's interpretation of sensitivity and specificity.Sensitivity is the ability to detect an abnormality when it is present (in this case a large end-diastolic volume).The plain film heart volume will be abnormal 88% or more of the time if the end-diastolic volume is large.This is not bad as medical tests go (e.g., exertional ST-segment depression on exercise testing in detect- ing coronary disease, where the sensitivity is about 60%).On the other hand, the specificity is poor.This means the ability to cor- rectly identify the absence of abnormality -i.e., the ability to cor- rectly identify patients with normal left ventricular end-diastolic volume.In our population, all undergoing catheterization, and about three-fourths with valvular disease, the prevalence of other cardiac chamber enlargement was very high; this accounts in part for the poor specificity.Had we chosen another population with a much larger percentage of normals, the specificity would have been much higher.In summary, we are not proposing that the chest film replace angiography, but the chest film does carry important prognostic in- formation that may be as useful as that obtained by more sophisticated means.In addition, our multivariate analyses have provided clues that other chamber sizes also carry important prognostic information.
The effect of Vitamin D deficiency on lung function in current smoker COPD patients
Authors: Ali Kocabas, Ezgi Ozyilmaz, Mujde Ocak, Gulsah Seydaoglu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To evaluate the potential effect of Vitamin-D deficiency(VDD) on lung functions in current/ex-smoker patients with COPD.  Methods: 86-stable-COPD patients who admitted to Department of Pulmonary Disease of Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine were recruited.After obtaining clinical and demographical data, comorbidity status, MMRC-dyspnea score, BODE-index were recorded and respiratory function tests(RFT) and 6-minute walking tests were performed.High pressure liquid chromatography was used for the measurement of serum Vitamin-D levels and   Results:51-COPD patients were ex-smoker(59.3%),35 were current smoker(40.7%).Vitamin-D deficiency was determined in 48.5% of the smoker and 33.3% in ex-smoker patients. When the current smoker patients compared according to the presence of Vitamin-D deficiency, age, gender, GOLD-stage, MMRC-dyspnea score and BODE-index was comparable among two groups while in Vitamin-D deficient current smokers, smoking intensity were higher (56 ± 29 vs. 36±18 pck/years) and pre-bronchodilator FEV1(%)(44±17 vs. 56±17) and FVC(%)(60±13 vs. 76±21) were significantly lower than in patients with no VDD (p  Conclusion:This study showed that Vitamin-D deficiency was associated with lower lung function.This suggest that VDD may be related to more rapid lung function decline in smokers with COPD.However, this should be confirmed with further studies performed in larger cohorts with long term follow-up.
Aaron Isaac Goodman
Authors: Helen Lewis, Michael Goodman
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Aaron Isaac Goodman (“Ronnie”) was the eldest son of workers in the Manchester garment trade. Despite spending two years in a fresh air home for “unhealthy” city children he won a scholarship to Manchester Grammar School and studied medicine at Manchester University. He was house physician at the Manchester Northern Hospital, then medical officer at the Manchester Ear Hospital, which led to a career in ENT surgery. His MD thesis (supervised by Professor Sir Alexander Ewing) concerned the evaluation of …
Predictors of adverse outcome in severe pneumonia
Authors: Tatiana Martynenko, Irina Balatskaya, Yakov Shoychet, Andrey Momot, Olga Rusakova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Severe pneumonia (SP) is the most common cause of death in acute infectious respiratory diseases. Mortality in SP reaches 15-30%.  Objective  :  to select markers of mortality outcome in patients with SP and pulmonary sepsis (PS)  Materials and Methods  :  Examination of 68 patients with SP and PS, on the 1, 3-5,7-10 day of hospitalization. Died- 10 (14.7%) patients (comparison group), survived – 58 (85.3%) patients (the main group). Data were processed using regression analysis.  Results:  significant predictors of mortality prognosis were: Leukopenia (WBC   176.7 pmol/l (OR-4.0 p   10% (OR-2.3, p = 0.014), T   30 (OR-3.5, p = 0.008), prior alcohol abuse and encephalopathy (OR 4.5; p  9  in the 1 day increases the risk of death in 8.2 times (p= 0.0007). In the thrombin generation test (TGT) - ETP on the 7-10 day less than 525.0 nmol x min (OR-21.7, p = 0.002), Peak thrombin on the 3-5 day less than 178.7 nmol/L (OR-4.0, p = 0.083) and less than 117.1 nmol/l (OR 9.3, p = 0.033) on the 7-10 days. High CRP during 3-5 and 7-10 (OR 9.6 p = 0.031) and (OR 14.0 p = 0.014), positive trend Endothelin-1 which within 7-10 days (OR-9.4, p = 0.045).  Conclusion : 17 predictors of mortality prognosis in SP and PS at 1, 3-5 and 7-10 days of the disease were determined using regression analysis.
Effects of Exposure of Neonatal Mice to 17β-Estradiol on Subsequent Age-Incidence and Morphology of Carcinogen-Induced Mammary Dysplasia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M. R. Warner, Raymond L Warner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Mice exposed to estrogens as neonates developed more mammary dysplasias and had different morphologic types of dysplasias than did normal animals when both groups were exposed to a carcinogen: 1) before puberty, 2) during active mammary growth, 3) or at 6 months of age (the time when spontaneous dysplasias begin to appear in normal animals). The relative percentages of various morphologic types of dysplasias differed in hosts that received different treatments. The significance for subsequent patterns of mammary disease caused by exposure of neonates to 17beta-estradiol was discussed.