tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5204: PP2A- STAT3 pathway mediates suspension survival in colon cancer stem cells
Authors: Chia Chien Chang, Jir-You Wang, Shih-Chieh Hung
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Cancer stem or initiating cells (CSCs) which share similarity with normal stem cells are a small population of cells in tumor with the abilities of self-renewal, multi- potent differentiation, and tumor initiation. CSCs also contribute to the resistance of tumor to chemotherapy or irradiation therapy. Therefore, targeting CSCs could be a hopeful way in treating cancer. Involvement of constitutive phosphorylation of STAT3 at Tyr705 in tumorigenesis of CSCs was implicated in many types of cancers. However, the role of Ser727 phosphorylation in STAT3 activation and CSCs tumorigenesis remains unknown. In this study, we are trying to figure out whether Ser727 phosphorylation of STAT3 plays a role in the characteristic properties of colon CSCs. Efforts will also be made to shed light on the upper signaling pathway and downstream targets of Ser727 phosphorylation of STAT3. Our preliminary data demonstrate enriched CSCs increase in the capacity for suspension survival both in vitro and in vivo. After enrichment of CSC population by spheroid culture, the phosphorylation of STAT3 at Ser727 but not Tyr705 was increased and localized at nucleus. The increase of Ser727 activation is also associated with down-regulation of PP2A activity, a serine/threonine phosphatase candidate of STAT3. We further proved PP2A formed immunoprecipitated complex with STAT3 and regulated STAT3 activation at Ser727 by treating the cells with PP2A inhibitor in normal culture or PP2A activator in spheroid culture. Overexpression of wild-type PP2A or Ser727 point mutated STAT3 reduced the survival ability in CSC. In contrast, knock down of PP2A activity or gain of function mutation at Ser727 of STAT3 increased the survival ability in nCSC. Taken together, our current data indicate enriched CSCs increased the capacity of suspension survival through the activation of PP2A-STAT3 pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5204. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5204
Case 86-1961
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Betty U. Kibbee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

Presentation of Case First admission. A seventy-three-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of malaise and fever. Ten days previously he experienced the onset of myalgia, arthralgia, headache and a low-grade fever. He was anorectic and nauseated, but did not vomit. Antibiotic tablets were taken for four days, without benefit. He had had a chronic cough and bronchitis for forty years. He experienced exertional dyspnea, intermittent wheezing, two-pillow orthopnea and chest pain on exertion during the four years before admission. Improvement was obtained with digitalis. Hypertension was never observed. A generalized eczematoid skin eruption, which was treated with prednisone, . . .
Reserpine in Hypertension
Authors: I. Singh
Journal: BMJ (1955)

a "raised blood-pressure" repeated visits to hospital and blood-pressure measurements reassured him quite considerably.We were not particularly impressed by the sedative or so-called "tranquillizing" action of the drug when given in the doses used by us.From our experience in this clinical trial we felt that this was by far the most effective and useful orally administered agent for reducing blood-pressure which we have yet used.In our opinion this substance is fully worthy of a trial in every case of essential hypertension in which treatment is thought to be necessary.The severe cases, which always need treatment, are as likely to respond as the mild.I am grateful for the constant help I received from my house- physicians and registrars, Mr. Williams, the hospital pharmacist, and the staff of the dispensary, as well as from Sister Wills and the nursing staff of the out-patient department of Oldchurch Hospital, while making these observations.This work would, however, never have been possible had it not been for the willing and active co-operation of all the hypertensive patients who have participated.I wish to thank Mr. J. A. Lumley and Riker Laboratories Ltd. for providing an adequate supply of rauwolfia extract and, later, total active alkaloids, control tablets, and Veratrum viride extract which enabled this work to be carried out.Finally, I am indebted to Dr. W.
Control of Crab Lice
Authors: K. Mellanby
Journal: BMJ (1944)

BRITISHof no vomiting at all, and, in those who did vomit, towards a reduction in incidence of post-operative vomiting.TABLE II Treatment Did not Vomit Vomited Toa Treatment Post-operatively Post-operatively Total Nicotinic acid .. 17 (28-8") 42 (71-2%) 59 Control .. .. 6 (20%) 24 (80%) 30 Total ... 23 66 89
Small molecular compounds that inhibit hepatitis C virus replication through destabilizing heat shock cognate 70 messenger RNA
Authors: Zong-Gen Peng, Bo Fan, Na-Na Du, Yu-Ping Wang, Li-Mei Gao, Ying-Hong Li, Yu-Huan Li, Fei Liu, Xue-Fu You, Yan-Xing Han, Zhi-Yun Zhao, Shan Cen, Jian-Rui Li, Dan-Qing Song, Jian-Dong Jiang
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract Host heat shock cognate 70 (Hsc70) protein is packaged into hepatitis C viral (HCV) particles as a structural component of the virus in the assembly process. It helps HCV RNA release into the cytoplasm in the next infection cycle. The goal of this study is to investigate whether chemically down-regulating host Hsc70 expression could be a novel strategy to interrupt HCV replication. Compounds were screened with an Hsc70 messenger RNA (mRNA) assay. IMB-DM122 was found to be an effective and safe inhibitor for Hsc70 mRNA/protein expression in human hepatocytes. IMB-DM122 inhibited HCV replication through destabilization of Hsc70 mRNA, and the half-life of host Hsc70 mRNA was reduced by 78% after the compound treatment. The Hsc70 mRNA 3′ untranslated region sequence is the element responsible for the effect of IMB-DM122 on Hsc70 mRNA. The compound appears to be highly efficient in inhibiting Hsc70-related HCV replication. Treatment of the HCV-infected hepatocytes with IMB-DM122 reduced the virion encapsidation of Hsc70, and therefore disrupted HCV replication and the infection cycle. IMB-DM122 showed considerable good safety in vitro as well as in vivo with no indication of harmful effect on liver and kidney functions. Conclusion: Hsc70 might be a new drug target and mechanism to inhibit HCV proliferation.
PROSTATIC OBSTRUCTION TO URINATION.WHEN TO OPERATE AND HOW TO OPERATE.
Authors: PARKER SYMS
Journal: JAMA (1904)

After fifty years of age one man in every nine is the subject of pronounced prostatic hypertrophy. About 20 per cent. of these show symptoms more or less marked. Hypertrophy of the prostate, producing obstruction to urination, is the cause of the greatest suffering which men are called on to bear. In a typical case where cystitis is established the agonies endured by the patient are often beyond description. It is a fact to be recognized that prostatic obstruction of the severer type is surely, though often slowly, a fatal disease. Fortunately, the attention which surgeons have given to this subject in the last few years has resulted in the evolution of its treatment, so that to-day we can offer to these sufferers a safe and sure plan of treatment which results not only in the relief of the painful condition, but in its actual cure and in
Telephone-based interventions in outpatient care
Authors: M. WEINBERGER
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1998)

Telephone calls have long been integral to health care delivery. Patients often contact physicians to determine whether symptoms require a face to face visit, and physicians call patients to follow up office visits. As it became increasingly clear that patient education for chronic disease requires time beyond a single office visit, telephone-based intervention became viewed as a potential effective way to overcome pragmatic obstacles (for example, space, time) to educate patients in already busy outpatient settings. Telephone contacts also provide an excellent vehicle through which to monitor patients’ health between office visits, particularly when patients need to travel long distances to receive medical care.

More than a decade ago, we began to examine the impact of proactively using telephone-based interventions for patients with osteoarthritis (OA). An uncontrolled, longitudinal study observed that, following biweekly telephone calls during a six month period, patients with OA reported significant improvements in functional status.1Perhaps more surprisingly, six months after telephone calls were ceased, improvements in functional status persisted.1 

Unfortunately, this investigation lacked a control group. Thus, we conducted a randomised controlled trial to evaluate whether telephone-based or office-based interventions, or both, improved functional status of patients with OA. The intervention consisted of brief interviews during which trained non-medical personnel reviewed patients: (1) medications, (2) joint pain symptoms, (3) gastrointestinal complaints related to use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, (4) reporting of early warning signs of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (when applicable), (5) scheduled outpatient visits, (6) an existing process by which patients could telephone a provider during evenings and weekends, and (7) barriers to …
Gene Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer Using Vaccinia Virus Expressing IL-2 in a Murine Model, with Evidence of Immune Suppression
Authors: Hongxing Qin, Joseph Valentino, Subha Manna, Pulak K. Tripathi, Malaya Bhattacharya-Chatterjee, Kenneth A. Foon, Bert W. O'Malley, Sunil K. Chatterjee
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

We evaluated the efficiency of recombinant vaccinia virus expressing interleukin-2 (rvv-IL-2) as a tumor vaccine in an immunocompetent mouse model of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC VII/SF). Mice with five-day-old tumors in the floor of the mouth were treated with rvv-IL-2 by intratumoral injections. These treated mice survived longer (P < .03) than mice treated with control vaccines. Splenocytes, bone marrow, and lymph node cells from tumor-bearing mice responded poorly to concanavalin A stimulation, suggesting induction of immunosuppression. The rvv-IL-2 virus grew for 7 days in the tumor following intratumoral injection. We did not detect any virus particles in several normal organs following rvv-IL-2 injection. Comparison of expression levels of several potential immune inhibitory mediators between the tumors growing in mice and cultured tumor cells demonstrated higher expression of IL-10, GM-CSF, TGF-β, and NO synthetase in tumors. These results suggested possible roles for these molecules in immunosuppression. We conclude that rvv-IL-2 has potential as a therapeutic vaccine for head and neck cancer and that it can be more effective provided the immunosuppression is reversed.
Specific in vitro antimannan-rich antigen of Candida albicans antibody production by sensitized human blood lymphocytes.
Authors: A Durandy, A Fischer, C Griscelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

We have developed a new antigenic system for the induction of specific in vitro antibody response in man. The antigen used was purified from the cell wall of Candida albicans strain A and contained greater than 96% polysaccharide mannan. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Candida-sensitized donors produced specific antimannan antibodies during a 7-d culture in the presence of mannan absorbed with methylated bovine serum albumin. Two methods were used to detect antimannan antibody responses. Antimannan antibody-producing cells were identified by radioautography with tritiated mannan. Antibody concentration in culture supernatants was measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In both methods, specific IgM and IgG (but not IgA) antibodies were detected. The antibody production to mannan was specific, since an antigenically unrelated polysaccharide (pneumococcal antigen S III) did not bind to methylated bovine serum albumin-mannan-induced blast cells and did not induce antimannan antibody-containing cells. Furthermore, a pulse with an excess of unlabeled mannan abolished [3H]mannan binding, whereas an excess of unlabeled S III did not. Similarly, no antimannan antibody was obtained in influenza virus-stimulated cultures and mannan-stimulated cultures were not inducing antiinfluenza antibodies. The antimannan antibody production was shown to be a T cell-dependent phenomenon. The T helper effect appeared to be radiosensitive. It was under a genetic restriction as it occurred only in autologous or semi-identical but not in allogeneic situations. This system is relatively simple, reproducible, and well suited for the study of specific secondary in vitro antibody responses to polysaccharide antigens in humans.
Long-Term (10 to 13 Years) Follow-Up Study after Transventricular Pulmonary Valvulotomy for Pulmonary Stenosis with Intact Ventricular Septum
Authors: M. MIROWSKI, KISHOR D. SHAH, CATHERINE A. NEILL, HELEN B. TAUSSIG
Journal: Circulation (1963)

A long-term follow-up study on 46 patients with pulmonary stenosis and intact ventricular septum who survived transventricular pulmonary valvulotomy performed at the Johns Hopkins Hospital between 1949 and 1951 was carried out; the mean follow-up period was 11.2 years. Preoperatively these patients were severely incapacitated, 76 per cent were cyanotic, 80 per cent had cardiomegaly, and 52 per cent were in congestive cardiac failure. All 46 survivors of the pulmonary valvulotomy were alive at the time of the present evaluation. In almost half of these patients the long-term results were excellent and the pulmonary stenosis appeared to be virtually relieved. The results were good in 26 per cent of the patients; these patients also had remarkable subjective and objective improvement but still presented signs of residual right ventricular hypertrophy on the electrocardiogram. In 26 per cent of patients the long-term results were poor; seven of these patients have been reoperated upon. Twenty-nine per cent of the patients developed pulmonary insufficiency after surgery; there was no evidence, however, that this complication affected the long-term results. The long-term studies indicate that for patients with mild to moderate pulmonary valvular stenosis a transventricular pulmonary valvulotomy gives extremely satisfactory results. For patients with congestive cardiac failure, cyanosis, or severe incapacity, the long-term results frequently are less satisfactory.
Salicylates and Bleeding
Authors: Armand J. Quick
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In 1966 I presented experimental and clinical evidence that acetylsalicylic acid increases the Duke bleeding time and that this drug also accentuates the bleeding tendency in many patients with bleeding states. In addition, I described my aspirin tolerance test whereby patients sensitive to this drug can be readily detected.<sup>1</sup>Increasing reports are now appearing in the medical literature confirming my observation but, as so often happens, when the pendulum swings, it can overshoot its rational arc. Thus, under medical news (<b>211</b>:1108, 1970), the advisability of making aspirin a prescription drug is considered because "the public knows too little about dangers of indiscriminate aspirin usage." It happens that in the same issue under questions and answers (<b>211</b>:1195, 1970), the answer given to the inquiry on the control of nasal hemorrhage in the Rendu-Osler-Weber syndrome, the avoidance of aspirin was not even mentioned. Yet, in 1967
Surgical Scripts: Master Surgeons Think Aloud About 43 Common Surgical Problems
Authors: William George Abel
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Problem solving and problem correction or amelioration are what a surgeon does. This book is about how a surgeon thinks when presented with a specific problem. Learning has a nonmeasurable end point and is a continuum throughout the surgeon's active life and experience. Commencing with medical school and progressing through residency and other postgraduate training, the surgeon acquires a tremendous mass of information. Judgment, however, demands not only textbook knowledge but repeated exposure to similar situations with memory of what did and did not work. As pointed out in this book, "efficient knowledge aggregation is developed through repeated experience" and "this fact makes organization of knowledge pragmatic." The authors' intention is to demonstrate how experienced clinical surgeons use pattern recognition in decision making, supplemented by comments from a trained cognitive psychologist on the surgeons' expressed thoughts. The material is presented using 43 surgical scripts encompassing a wide variety of problems
F-18 FDG PET/CT Imaging of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal disease in the southwestern regions of the North American continent. It is contracted by accidental inhalation of coccidioidal arthrospores with predominant pulmonary pathology. Lung nodules and masses may mimic cancer on cross-sectional or PET imaging, especially in an older or immunocompromised patient population, with high risk for malignancy. The author presents a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis to lung, mediastinum, hilum, and parotid gland simulating advanced malignant neoplasm.
COMPARISON OF OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH INFERIOR STEMI WITH PROXIMAL AND DISTAL RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Manu Kaushik, Alok Saurav, Satish Chandraprakasam, Venkata Alla, Anand Deshmukh, Michael Del Core, Aryan Mooss, Dennis Esterbrooks
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
EGFR Array: Uses in the Detection of Plasma EGFR Mutations in Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Authors: Irene Yam, David Chi-Leung Lam, Kaimin Chan, James Chung-Man Ho, Mary Ip, Wah-Kit Lam, Tai-Kwong Chan, Vivian Chan
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Raynaud's Phenomenon
Authors: Geza de Takats
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Of 66 patients exhibiting Raynaud's phenomenon who have been followed from 1 to 25 years, 20 exhibited peripheral vascular disease, 35 were diagnosed as having collagen disease, 7 showed evidence of vasomotor hyperactivity, and 4 showed abnormal clumping of red blood cells or precipitation of globulin. Only 18 patients were subjected to bilateral dorsal sympathectomy. The failure rate is not so much due to the recurrence of sympathetic activity, but to case selection. Many patients have been erroneously subjected to sympathectomy, only to exhibit typical full-blown symptoms of scleroderma or lupus later. Results of the operations done in the presence of peripheral vascular disease, or because of a nervous discharge from the diencephalon, have been excellent except for 2 technical failures.
Case 3-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Antone A. Medeiros, Eugene J. Mark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseA 51-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a pulmonary lesion.She was well until two months earlier, when she had pain of questionably pleuritic nature in the right posterior portion of the thorax that gradually improved during the next week. X-ray films of the chest, obtained elsewhere, disclosed a coin lesion, 2 by 2 cm, in the right mid-lung field. One month later a needle-aspiration biopsy of the lesion, performed at this hospital, revealed necrotic tissue and fibrin; no viable cells were identified; stains for microorganisms, including acid-fast bacilli, were negative. Cytologic examination disclosed . . .
Abnormal Intradermal Histamine Reaction in the Syndrome of Pheochromocytoma, Medullary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland and Multiple Mucosal Neuromas
Authors: Jules L. Baum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

A RECENT review1 has compiled 17 cases of a rare syndrome consisting of pheochromocytonia, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid gland with elevated calcitonin blood levels, multiple mucosal neuromas or neurofibromas (or both), a characteristic facies, a Marfanoid habitus with arachnodactyly, pes cavus, scoliosis and peetus carinatum, decayed teeth with poor enamel, absent facial and axillary hair, visible corneal nerves and thickened eyelids. These findings are not necessarily present in each patient. The patient described below demonstrates all the above findings and, in addition, decreased tear function and an ectopic lacrimal punctum. A particularly interesting feature was an absent flare response after . . .
Plasma concentrations of tryptophan and dieting.
Authors: A Brzezinski, N Shalitin, P Ever-Hadani, J G Schenker
Journal: BMJ (1990)

for years developed their technical skills, usually far advanced in comparison with those of their medical and surgical contemporaries, by using the "phantom head."The simulations were good because they had real teeth.Of course surgeons will always require to gain the "ultimate" experience in the operating theatre.But the notion that simulators have a minimal role flies in the face of the existing facts, let alone those yet to be gathered.
Phylogenomics Reveals an Anomalous Distribution of USP Genes in Metazoans
Authors: S. Foret, F. Seneca, D. de Jong, A. Bieller, G. Hemmrich, R. Augustin, D. C. Hayward, E. E. Ball, T. C. G. Bosch, K. Agata, M. Hassel, D. J. Miller
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2010)

Members of the universal stress protein (USP) family were originally identified in stressed bacteria on the basis of a shared domain, which has since been reported in a phylogenetically diverse range of prokaryotes, fungi, protists, and plants. Although not previously characterized in metazoans, here we report that USP genes are distributed in animal genomes in a unique pattern that reflects frequent independent losses and independent expansions. Multiple USP loci are present in urochordates as well as all Cnidaria and Lophotrochozoa examined, but none were detected in any of the available ecdysozoan or non-urochordate deuterostome genome data. The vast majority of the metazoan USPs are short, single-domain proteins and are phylogenetically distinct from the prokaryotic, plant, protist, and fungal members of the protein family. Whereas most of the metazoan USP genes contain introns, with few exceptions those in the cnidarian Hydra are intronless and cluster together in phylogenetic analyses. Expression patterns were determined for several cnidarian USPs, including two genes belonging to the intronless clade, and these imply diverse functions. The apparent paradox of implied diversity of roles despite high overall levels of sequence (and implied structural) similarity parallels the situation in bacteria. The absence of USP genes in ecdysozoans and most deuterostomes may be a consequence of functional redundancy or specialization in taxon-specific roles.
Grading local side effects of sublingual immunotherapy for respiratory allergy: Speaking the same language
Authors: Giovanni Passalacqua, Carlos E. Baena-Cagnani, Jean Bousquet, Giorgio Walter Canonica, Thomas B. Casale, Linda Cox, Stephen R. Durham, Desiréé Larenas-Linnemann, Dennis Ledford, Ruby Pawankar, Paul Potter, Nelson Rosario, Dana Wallace, Richard F. Lockey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)