tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effect of afterload and angiotensin II on proto-oncogene mRNA levels in the isolated working rat heart
Authors: C. Roffe, A. MacDiarmaid-Gordon, V. Ohanian, S. Hollis, A.M. Heagerty
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

The proto-oncogenes c-fos, c-myc and H-ras have been shown to rise in a characteristic pattern in the left ventricle undergoing hypertrophy in the coarctation model of experimental hypertension and there is some evidence to suggest that they might play a role in the initiation of hypertrophic growth. However, in vivo studies do not discriminate between the direct effects of pressure and pressure-independent trophic stimuli such as angiotensin II. To examine these influences separately we studied isolated working hearts exposed to different afterloads in the presence or absence of angiotensin II.Hearts from normotensive female Wistar rats were perfused with a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution, with and without angiotensin II (100 nmol/1) and exposed to low (60 mmHg) or high (140 mmHg) afterload (n > 17/group). Proto-oncogene mRNA induction in the left ventricle was assessed by Northern blot analysis.Aortic pressures were 101 +/- 14/63 +/- 6 mmHg (mean +/- s.d.) with low and 175 +/- 13/93 +/- 20 mmHg with high afterload; hearts in both groups maintained a stable cardiac output over 240 min, except for high afterload hearts not perfused with angiotensin II, which showed a 59% drop by the end of the experiment (P < 0.001). There was a 50% (32%, 72%) (geometric mean and 95% confidence interval) increase of c-myc and 54% (27%, 86%) increase in c-fos, but a 32% (25%, 40%) suppression of H-ras with high (140 mmHg) as compared with low (60 mmHg) afterloads (P < 0.0001 for each). There was no significant difference in c-myc and c-fos induction with different levels of high afterload (110, 120, 140 mmHg), but for H-ras suppression progressively increased with increasing afterload (P = 0.003). At high afterload, levels of c-fos rose at 30 min and peaked at 60 min, c-myc continued to rise up to 240 min, and H-ras was suppressed at all four time points. The addition of angiotensin II (100 nmol/l) to the perfusate resulted in 18% (6%, 28%; P = 0.006) lower c-myc levels, 12% (-6%, 28%; P = 0.18) lower c-fos levels and an 11% (-0.1%, 24%; P = 0.056) increase of H-ras.The isolated perfused working rat heart is capable of performing stably for a period of at least 240 min at high afterload pressures comparable to those encountered in hypertension. A proto-oncogene induction similar to that seen in the hypertrophying heart can be induced by increased pressure alone, without the mediating effects of circulating angiotensin II. Hearts perfused with angiotensin II showed a more stable performance at high levels of afterload which was associated with a minor attenuation of pressure-induced changes in proto-oncogene expression.
Cyanide Poisoning from Apricot Seeds among Children in Central Turkey
Authors: James W. Sayre, Sükrü Kaymakcalan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

ACCIDENTAL poisoning in childhood is a worldwide occurrence. The toxic agents involved naturally vary to a great extent from one area to another, depending on the customs, social structure, economy and other factors. Among the people of Anatolia, the central part of Turkey, it is a common custom to eat seeds of all kinds: hazel nuts; sweet almonds; pistachios; chickpeas; and sunflower, watermelon and squash seeds. Many people also like the usually sweet taste of the apricot seed. Whereas the former seeds are free from toxic effect, the apricot is known to contain a cyanogenetic glycoside, amygdalin, which is hydrolyzed . . .
Graphene‐Based Patterning and Differentiation of C2C12 Myoblasts
Authors: Piyush Bajaj, Jose A. Rivera, Daniel Marchwiany, Vita Solovyeva, Rashid Bashir
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

This study aims at generating highly aligned functional myotubes using graphene as the underlying scaffold. Graphene not only supports the growth of C2C12 muscle cells but also enhances its differentiation and leads to spontaneous patterning of myotubes.
The Diagnostic Value of the Eosinophile Leucocytes in Leukaemia and Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: A. A. Kanthack
Journal: BMJ (1892)

lated in the child, and from the child returned to a bovine, never produce an eruption of cow-pox.8At present I have in my place Calf iv, inoculated in direct succession from Calf I, and the eruption is to-day (24x5) perfect and typical and active, and shows no sign of dying,
Letter: Iatrogenic gall stones.
Authors: K Harden
Journal: BMJ (1976)

low.It is difficult to know what the second figure "1 in 450 000 to 1 in 1 800 000" is intended to denote.It is presumably meant to imply that the average size of population expected to include nine such patients is 450 000-1 800 000.This figure is probably too high but in any case the total population from which the nine patients were ascertained is undefined and presumably unknown.The probability that the size of this population falls within 95% confidence limits of the above estimate is likely to be quite high.Moreover, three specialised rheumatological centres were involved so that the likelihood of biased ascertainment is considerable.Among 104 successive men with ankylosing spondylitis ascertained here, one has sero- positive peripheral erosive polyarthritis with a rheumatoid olecranon nodule, his HLA typing including B27.The prevalence of this grade of rheumatoid arthritis is 1 00' in males.4We therefore interpret the evidence as providing no support for a non-random association of the two diseases and indeed it would be surprising and even more interesting if such cases were not encountered.All the present clinical, immunological, and genetic evidence points to the likelihood that there is no aetiological connection between rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.
Early clinical development of tazarotene
Authors: R. MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Early clinical development of tazarotene Get access R. MARKS R. MARKS Department of Dermatology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, U.K. Professor R. Marks, Department of Dermatology, University of Wales, College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 135, Issue s49, 1 October 1996, Pages 26–31, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb15663.x Published: 01 October 1996
The role of gut hormones in glucose homeostasis
Authors: Daniel J. Drucker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

The gastrointestinal tract has a crucial role in the control of energy homeostasis through its role in the digestion, absorption, and assimilation of ingested nutrients. Furthermore, signals from the gastrointestinal tract are important regulators of gut motility and satiety, both of which have implications for the long-term control of body weight. Among the specialized cell types in the gastrointestinal mucosa, enteroendocrine cells have important roles in regulating energy intake and glucose homeostasis through their actions on peripheral target organs, including the endocrine pancreas. This article reviews the biological actions of gut hormones regulating glucose homeostasis, with an emphasis on mechanisms of action and the emerging therapeutic roles of gut hormones for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Profile of the GMC. Discipline III: The final stages.
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Less than 15% of the complaints made to the General Medical Council reach the preliminary screening com- mittee.Yet this committee is the first stage in the disciplinary process when real power can be exercised over the offending doctor.The diversion of so many complaints worries critics of the GMC.'The council argues that so many cases are diverted because they do not raise a question of serious professional misconduct, but the American sociologist Rosenthal has argued that limited resources may be the real reason.'
Notch signaling is a potent inducer of growth arrest and apoptosis in a wide range of B-cell malignancies
Authors: Patrick A. Zweidler-McKay, Yiping He, Lanwei Xu, Carlos G. Rodriguez, Fredrick G. Karnell, Andrea C. Carpenter, Jon C. Aster, David Allman, Warren S. Pear
Journal: Blood (2005)
Up Front: Sex and the Post-Mastectomy Woman
Authors: Esther Somerfeld
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This little book was fascinating. Obviously it was written for the laity. But physicians do not concern themselves enough with the frustrations and emotional reactions of patients. The impact of a cancer diagnosis—the horror of deformity, the fear of loss of social acceptance—are all dealt with adequately. The picture is painfully clear. And the reader cannot fail to empathize with the embarrassment of prostheses ("falsies") and complications of breast reconstruction. The book is open and honest in its depiction of everyday worries. It reads almost like a novel. I finished it in one sitting, just could not put it down. Of course, I reread it another day. The author seems to take it for granted that everyone goes to a psychotherapist—at least she does— and often. Perhaps Linda Dackman is more sensitive or "neurotic" than most of us are. Yet, she teaches us a lesson.
Persistent vegetative state and the right to die: the United States and Britain.
Authors: B Jennett, C Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1991)

American financing system, however, than that of provider competition itself, particularly the absence of an effective budget constraint on either insured pur- chasers or, under retrospective reimbursement, on hospitals, and on failures to embody agreements about quality in contracts.2"There is, moreover, evidence of cost savings under selective contracting, particularly through reductions in length of stay.So there is no particular reason to suppose that the worst features of the American system of health care will be imported lock, stock, and barrel into the United Kingdom. EnvoiThere is a set of principles, the ethical nature and economic rationality of which are of a high order, that can be seen to underlie the reforms but which have sadly received little prominence.It would be a great pity if this, together with an inevitable obsession with just keeping the NHS going in turbulent times, should mean that the wood is lost for the trees.It is to be hoped that we can all keep a sense of vision (the right angle on things) so that the promise that can be discerned is actually realised, and we do not suffer yet another "redisorganisation" of the NHS in accordance with a new set of vaguely felt aspirations as it becomes clear that we have loused this one up, or the oil price rockets, or the government changes-whichever hits us first.
Hypertension in the Young and the Old
Authors: Robert F. Maronde
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This book brings together current data relating to the epidemiology and characteristics of hypertension in children and in the elderly. The concept that an individual has a genetically determined mean blood pressure is strengthened by the studies presented in the book. The environmental factors of stress and a high sodium intake are shown to result in exaggerated pressor responses in the person who is genetically predisposed to hypertension. The development of vascular structure change in the hypertensive person and the resultant establishment of sustained hypertension is discussed. The portion of the book that deals with experimental hypertension in animals does not fit into the general theme and detracts from the overall impact of the important message that this book delivers. The synthesis in the book of epidemiology and the natural history of hypertension from infancy to old age is a valuable contribution.
Successful videocapsule endoscopy in patients with an abdominal cardiac pacemaker
Authors: M. Dirks, F. Costea, E. Seidman
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Pacemaker location in the abdominal wall is considered a contraindication to videocapsule endoscopy (VCE). The aim of this study was to review our experience on the use of VCE in patients with a pacemaker located in the abdominal wall. VCE was carried out with monitoring of cardiac rhythm. This was a retrospective review of VCE case studies performed at two tertiary care university medical centers (pediatric and adult). The main outcome measures were adverse events and quality of VCE images. No adverse events were experienced in any of the five patients with implanted cardiac pacemakers, including the two with abdominal pacemaker. No interference with the VCE recording was observed during the studies, although the capsule was observed to be briefly inactivated by the pacemaker in one case. The present study, though small, suggests that VCE is safe in adult and pediatric patients who are fitted with cardiac pacemakers, even when implanted in the abdominal wall. The VCE exam can be carried out successfully under close supervision. Dysfunction of the capsule appears to be more likely than problems with cardiac pacing.
SV40 Detection in Human Tumor Specimens
Authors: Michele Carbone, Monica A. Rdzanek, Jennifer J. Rudzinski, Melissa A. De Marco, Maurizio Bocchetta, Maria Ramos Niño, Brooke Mossman, Harvey I. Pass
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

To the Editor:Cristaudo et al. (1) provided the first molecular epidemiologic evidence supporting cocarcinogenesis between asbestos and SV40 in human malignant mesothelioma. The authors have also proposed that an inadequate technical procedure to detect SV40 could produce false-positive or false-negative results. Here we provide information for the optimization of the experimental procedure and to prevent laboratory artifacts. It is hoped that this information will help those interested in testing human specimens for SV40.When testing tumor samples by PCR, it is important to rule out PCR and plasmid contamination. The precautions we recommend to prevent and to detect PCR contamination were described previously (2, 3). To test for laboratory contamination by plasmids, we recommend to run PCR reactions using the primers 5′-GCTCACGCTGTAGGTATCTC-3′ and 5′-TCTAGTGTAGCCGTAGTTAG-3′ that amplify a 241-bp portion of the pUC origin of replication present in pBR313 (4) and in virtually all plasmids that are propagated in E. coli (BLAST analysis; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/).In Fig. 1A we show how the sensitivity of the detection method can drastically change the scoring of SV40 large T antigen (Tag) expressing malignant mesotheliomas (from 0% to ∼50%) in immunoprecipitation/Western blots. Note that A1 to A3 contain the same tumor lysates, and that the same membrane (A2) was stripped and rehybridized (A3). This experiment shows how apparently conflicting results can be resolved by optimizing the technical approach (see figure legend).In Fig. 1B we show a double immunohistochemistry for SV40 Tag and CD44 of a formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor that developed in a severe combined immunodeficient mouse 1 month after injection of 5 × 106 cells derived from an SV40-positive malignant mesothelioma. This example shows how immunoreactivity for Tag can be influenced by the method. Tag staining was detected only when hybridizing the Tag-specific antibody first, developing the reaction, and then proceeding with the anti-CD44 hybridization. Using CD44 first and then Tag or mixing the two together resulted in loss of Tag nuclear staining, suggesting that the anti-CD44 ready-to-use, prediluted antibody (see legend) contains an inhibitor for the Tag reaction.The described issues are in addition to other variables known to affect SV40 detection results, such as DNA extraction protocols and the relative content of cancer cells in a tumor specimen (reviewed in ref. 5). Our data support Cristaudo et al.'s message that only when rigorous controls are used is it possible to reliably evaluate the presence and expression of SV40 in human specimens. The examples shown underscore how small technical details can produce opposite results that at first glance could erroneously appear in conflict.
Long-Term Follow-up of the West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study
Authors: Ian Ford, Heather Murray, Chris J. Packard, James Shepherd, Peter W. Macfarlane, Stuart M. Cobbe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

The West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study was a randomized clinical trial comparing pravastatin with placebo in men with hypercholesterolemia who did not have a history of myocardial infarction, with an average follow-up of approximately 5 years. The combined outcome of death from definite coronary heart disease or definite nonfatal myocardial infarction was reduced from 7.9 to 5.5% (P<0.001) in the treatment group. Extended follow-up data were obtained for approximately 10 years after completion of the trial.For the survivors of the trial, all deaths, hospitalizations and deaths due to coronary events and stroke, and incident cancers and deaths from cancer were tracked with the use of a national computerized record-linkage system. The results were analyzed with time-to-event analyses and use of Cox proportional-hazards models.Five years after the trial ended, 38.7% of the original statin group and 35.2% of the original placebo group were being treated with a statin. In the period approximately 10 years after completion of the trial, the risk of death from coronary heart disease or nonfatal myocardial infarction was 10.3% in the placebo group and 8.6% in the pravastatin group (P=0.02); over the entire follow-up period, the rate was 15.5% in the placebo group and 11.8% in the pravastatin group (P<0.001). Similar percentage reductions were seen in the combined rate of death from coronary heart disease and hospitalization for coronary events for both periods. The rate of death from cardiovascular causes was reduced (P=0.01), as was the rate of death from any cause (P=0.03), over the entire follow-up period. There were no excess deaths from noncardiovascular causes or excess fatal or incident cancers.In this analysis, 5 years of treatment with pravastatin was associated with a significant reduction in coronary events for a subsequent 10 years in men with hypercholesterolemia who did not have a history of myocardial infarction.
Focus: Westminster: The ombudsman hits out
Authors: J Warden
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Eighteen months ago I reported that the NHS ombudsman was on the warpath. Last week he struck with telling effect in a report which surprised the health service with its ferocity. Within hours it had the prime minister floundering in the Commons. Headlines depicted a health service in shambles. The notion that complaints are “jewels to be treasured” rather than duels to be fought has still some way to go. Few health professionals could have read even the press summaries without feeling the sense of shame which the ombudsman justifiably places on the managers, doctors, and nurses responsible. He records lapses in basic care, often for the dying, which though not deliberate are no less callous. “Some health professionals would do well to put themselves in the position of a patient, or their relatives, and consider how they would like to be treated,” the ombudsman states.

Complaints to the ombudsman have been called the grumbling …
THE ACTION OF ARSENIC ON THE SKIN AS OBSERVED IN THE RECENT EPIDEMIC OF ARSENICAL BEER POISONING
Authors: H. G. BROOKS, LESLIE ROBERTS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1901)

Journal Article THE ACTION OF ARSENIC ON THE SKIN AS OBSERVED IN THE RECENT EPIDEMIC OF ARSENICAL BEER POISONING Get access H. G. BROOKS, H. G. BROOKS Physician to the Manchester and Salford Hospital for Skin Diseases Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar LESLIE ROBERTS LESLIE ROBERTS Hon. Dermatologist to the Liverpool Royal Infirmary Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 13, Issue 4, 1 April 1901, Pages 121–148, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1901.tb16369.x Published: 01 April 1901
Ambulatory Surgery in a University Setting
Authors: Joseph F. Patterson
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Establishment of an ambulatory anesthesia and surgery program in a university teaching hospital presents difficulties. A successful program of this nature, the "Day Op program," was begun at the North Carolina Memorial Hospital in December 1972. Through December 1974, of all surgery performed in our operating rooms, 2,590 cases, (17%) were Day Op cases. Various types of anesthesia were used, and a high percentage of endotracheal intubations were performed. The hospital admission rate was 1.54%. Many difficulties were encountered, and much satisfaction was obtained, in the management of the program. The Day Op room has proved to be a major part of the success of the program.
Importance of RDW value in differential diagnosis of hypochrome anemias
Authors: D. Aslan, F. Gümrük, A. Gürgey, Ç. Altay
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract Red cell distribution width (RDW) was studied in adults carrying δ‐β thalassemia traits (δβ‐TT) who were 20–40 years of age ( n = 29), β thalassemia traits (β‐TT) with an age range of 18–60 years ( n = 49), iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in individuals aged 1–18 years ( n = 27), and in controls with an age range of 20–40 years ( n = 20). Although red blood cell count, MCV, and MCH values showed no statistically significant differences between δβ‐TT and β‐TT, the mean RDW value was significantly higher in δβ‐TT (20.14 ± 1.21) compared to β‐TT (14.88 ±1.77) ( P &lt; 0.001). No difference was observed between the means of RDW in δβ‐TT and IDA (18.00 ± 1.94) ( P &gt; 0.05). A significant rise in RDW in IDA 5–7 days after initiation of iron therapy ( P = 0.00) which was continued to rise up to the 4 th week of therapy was suggested as an important tool in differentiation of IDA from δβ‐TT. These observations could be kept in mind in the differential diagnosis of δβ‐TT from β‐TT and IDA by determining the red blood cell count, red cell indices, and RDW only. Am. J. Hematol. 69:31‐33, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.