tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
National, State, and Urban Area Vaccination Coverage Levels Among Children Aged 19-35 Months--United States, 2000
Authors: G A Herrera, P Smith, D Daniels, R M Klevens, V Coronado, M McCauley, S Stokley, E F Maes, T M Ezzati-Rice, R A Wright, J F Cordero
Journal: JAMA (2001)

High vaccination levels in the population are necessary to decrease disease transmission and prevent disease; therefore, an important component of the U.S. vaccination program is the assessment of vaccination coverage. Current goals are for > or = 90% coverage with recommended vaccines during the first 2 years of life.January-December 1998.The National Immunization Survey (NIS) is an ongoing, random-digit-dialed telephone survey that gathers vaccination coverage data for children aged 19-35 months in all 50 states and 28 urban areas. Vaccination coverage rates derived from NIS data are adjusted statistically for households with multiple telephone lines, household nonresponse, the proportion of households without telephones, and vaccination provider nonresponse. The results were also adjusted to match the known total population of children in each survey area.On the basis of NIS data, national coverage was > or = 90% for three doses of poliovirus vaccine (Polio), three doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine (Hib), and one dose of measles-containing vaccine (MCV). Coverage was the highest ever reported for four doses of any diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine (DTP) (i.e., diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and pertussis vaccine, diphtheria and tetanus toxoids [DT], or diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine [DTaP]) (83.9%), three doses of hepatitis B vaccine (Hep B, 87.0%), and one dose of varicella vaccine (43.2%). The number of states achieving the > or = 90% goal was 47 for three doses of Hib, 40 for three doses of Polio, 40 for one dose of MCV, nine for three doses of Hep B, and seven for four doses of DTP. Proportionally fewer urban areas achieved the > or = 90% goal: 23 of 28 for three doses of Hib, 13 for three doses of Polio, 16 for one dose of MCV, five for three doses of Hep B, and one for four doses of DTP. No state or urban area has yet achieved the > or = 90% goal for varicella.Findings from the 1998 NIS indicate that national vaccination coverage levels for routinely recommended childhood vaccines are at the highest levels ever reported. However, substantial variation in coverage remains at the state and urban area levels.The public health community and vaccination providers in areas with low coverage should intensify their efforts to implement recommended strategies for increasing vaccination coverage to ensure that children are equally well protected throughout the United States.
Functional neurosurgery for Parkinson's disease
Authors: N. Quinn, K. Bhatia
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Acquired brain lesions have long been known to modify the symptoms and signs of Parkinson's disease. After many false starts, in which various surgical lesions abolished tremor only at the expense of a hemiplegia, and with the advent of stereotactic techniques, neurosurgeons found that discrete lesions of the globus pallidus or thalamus could improve features of parkinsonism without (usually) causing a hemiplegia. Tremor appeared most responsive to thalamotomy, so this procedure became widely applied in the 1950s and 60s. Despite often permanent relief of tremor and rigidity, thalamotomy had no effect on akinesia, the core disabling feature of Parkinson's disease. Also, although unilateral surgery in this disease, which classically presents unilaterally or asymmetrically, was associated with low morbidity, as the disease progressed a second, contralateral, lesion was often made but with an unacceptably high (25%) incidence of pseudobulbar speech and swallowing difficulties. After the introduction of levodopa in 1967, the first treatment that dramatically alleviated akinesia, surgery took a dive until the mid-1980s, since when surgical approaches to treating Parkinson's disease have experienced a renaissance.

While using a stimulating electrode to guide lesion placement for Vim thalamotomy, Benabid's group in Grenoble found that high frequency discharges could abolish tremor.1 Why not, therefore, simply insert a chronic stimulating electrode without making a destructive lesion? This technique of deep brain stimulation provided excellent control of …
Unusual Case of Prolonged Acetonuria and Aminoaciduria in a Nondiabetic Patient
Authors: W J POZNANSKI, J B MCKENDRY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12754: Prevalence and Risk Factors of Carotid Vessel Wall Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients: An 18F-FDG PET / CT Imaging Study
Authors: Jan Bucerius, Raphael Duivenvoorden, Venkatesh Mani, Colin Moncrieff, James H Rudd, Claudia Calcagno, Josef Machac, Valentin Fuster, Michael E Farkouh, Zahi A Fayad
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: Inflammation is increasingly being perceived as a pivotal process in atherogenesis. We investigated the prevalence and clinical risk factors of carotid vessel wall inflammation by means of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in a population consisting of coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Methods: Carotid inflammation was quantified in 82 CAD patients (age 62±10 years) as the maximum target-to-background ratio (wholevesselTBRmax). Furthermore, we assessed the maximal standardized uptake value values (wholevesselSUVmax), the single hottest segment (SHS), and the percent active segments (PAS) of the FDG uptake in the artery wall, measured by FDG-PET. Results: Whole vessel TBRmax >1.8 was present in 67%, >2.0 in 39%, >2.2 in 23%, and >2.4 in 12% of the population. Multiple linear regression analysis with backward elimination revealed that body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2 (p65 years (p=0.01), smoking (p=0.02), and hypertension (p=0.01) were associated with wholevesselT...
Abstract 16404: Bleeding After Discharge Following Hospitalization for Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Alok Bachuwar, Karen P Alexander, Kimberly J Reid, Mikhail Kosoborod, Tracy Y Wang, John Spertus, Richard G Bach
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Bleeding is a common complication in hospitalized patients with an acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The frequency of bleeding, particularly less severe bleeding and bruising, after di...
Association between birth weight and death from heart disease
Authors: R J Jarrett, D. A Leon, I. Koupilova, P. McKeigue, H. O Lithell, R. Mohsen, L. Berglund, U.-B. Lithell, D. Vagero
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Taking precautions with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are not proved to cause loss of renal massEditor-We agree with Kumar et al that an awareness of the high risk of atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is important in patients with vascular disease elsewhere, particularly if treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors is being considered. 1 We strongly disagree with the suggestion, however, that high risk patients starting treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors should first be screened for unilateral renal artery stenosis, for two reasons.Firstly, the assertion that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors cause loss of renal mass is unproved.Irreversible structural damage to kidneys with renal artery stenosis may result from hypertensive nephrosclerosis, cholesterol embolisation, ischaemia as a result of tight renal artery stenosis, and, ultimately, total occlusion. 2Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors cause an acute decrease in glomerular filtration rate, but in cases where this proves irreversible, the likeliest explanation is progression of the underlying disease.Renal blood flow is not specifically reduced by angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, 3 although any drug that lowers blood pressure might reduce renal blood flow in the presence of clinically important renal artery stenosis. 4 If screening for unilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis were important, it would therefore be important for all high risk patients, not only those prescribed angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.Secondly, however, we do not believe that screening for unilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is worth while.The rationale for screening would presumably be to prevent end stage renal failure secondary to bilateral renal artery occlusion.Evidence is lacking that percutaneous angioplasty, with or without stenting, prevents end stage renal failure in unilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis. 5 Although unilateral atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is common and easy to find in high risk patients, current evidence does not tell us how to manage it once it is found.
Abstract 14845: Outcomes of Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Percutaneous Intervention as Compared to Multivessel Interventions.
Authors: Shikhar Agarwal, Tarique Zaman, E M Tuzcu, Mehdi Shishehbor, A M Lincoff, Patrick Whitlow, Christopher Bajzer, Irving Franco, Ravi Nair, Russell Raymond, Stephen G Ellis, Samir R Kapadia
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Abstract 15267: Evidence for the Important Role of the Bone Marrow in Modulating Microvascular Endothelial Functions in Mice
Authors: Sota Nakajima, Junko Ohashi, Ayuko Sawada, Kazuki Noda, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: We have previously demonstrated that the importance of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) increases as the vessel size decreases and that the nature of EDHF in mouse micr...
Structured interviews for borderline personality disorder
Authors: R J Kavoussi, E F Coccaro, H M Klar, D Bernstein, L J Siever
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The authors compared three instruments used to diagnose borderline personality disorder--the Diagnostic Interview for Borderline Patients (DIB), the Schedule for Interviewing Borderlines, and the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders--in 56 patients with personality disorders. A borderline diagnosis was made according to the DIB in 30%, the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders in 48%, and the Schedule for Interviewing Borderlines in 55% of the patients. Diagnostic agreement was only 52%, which has implications for the generalizability of results of validation studies of the borderline diagnosis. Improvement in diagnostic agreement requires modification of current criteria sets and/or the use of dimensional models.
Abstract 2404: Sympathetic Cardiorenal Interaction Becomes Exaggerated When Cardiac and Renal Functions Are Both Deteriorated
Authors: Yoshitaka Oda, Shuji Joho, Tadakazu Hirai, Hidetsugu Asanoi, Hiroshi Inoue
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The pathophysiology of the cardiorenal interaction remains poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that renal insufficiency (RI) and cardiac dysfunction would contribute to the elevated sympathetic activity in patients with heart failure. In 79 patients with heart failure (ejection fraction (EF) &lt; 0.45), the resting muscle nerve sympathetic activity (MSNA), plasma norepinephrine (NE), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were determined. Estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) less than 60ml/min/1.73m 2 measured by simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation for Japanese was used to identify RI. Although NE and BNP were comparable between RI group (n = 30, eGFR 45 ± 10) and no RI group (n = 49, eGFR 76 ± 10), MSNA was higher in RI group (burst rate, 54 ± 14 versus 46 ± 14 bursts/minute, p &lt; 0.05; burst incidence, 77 ± 19 versus 68 ± 18 bursts/100beats, p &lt; 0.05). For patients with preserved EF (≥ 0.30), MSNA was similar between those with and without RI, while for patients with low EF (&lt; 0.30), MSNA was significantly higher in those with RI than in those without RI (burst rate, 62 ± 10 versus 49 ± 15 bursts/minute, p &lt; 0.01; burst incidence, 88 ± 12 versus 68 ± 18 bursts/ 100beats, p &lt; 0.01). The difference of MSNA between patients with low EF and with preserved EF was significantly greater in RI group than in no RI group (interaction, p &lt; 0.05). These findings suggest that sympathetic cardiorenal interaction might become exaggerated when cardiac and renal functions are both deteriorated.
Abstract 4015: Validity of the Combined Efficacy plus Safety Composite Endpoint (Net Clinical Benefit) in TRITON-TIMI 38
Authors: Sanjay Kaul, Prediman K Shah, George A Diamond
Journal: Circulation (2008)

BACKGROUND: Composite endpoints (CE) are frequently used in clinical trials for parsimonious summarization of treatment effects. The construction of the CE is generally based on the premise that each component endpoint is interchangeable. However, for this assumption to be valid, each component should be of equal or comparable clinical importance, occur with similar frequency, and be equally responsive to treatment intervention. OBJECTIVE: To examine the validity of the combined efficacy plus safety “quadruple” CE of Net Clinical Benefit utilized in TRITON. METHODS: A hierarchical (excluding double counting) CE analysis was performed using all-cause death, nonfatal MI, nonfatal stroke and TIMI Major or TIMI Major plus Minor bleeding. A formal assessment of heterogeneity was also conducted using the Cochran’s Q and I 2 tests. RESULTS: Figure (top panel) shows a wide variability in the contribution of each component to the CE (death 23%, MI 55%, stroke 7%, major bleeding 15%). There was significant heterogeneity of treatment effect across the components (P=0.0006) with treatment differences primarily attributable to nonfatal MI and bleeding with little or no impact on death or nonfatal stroke. Similar observations are seen with TIMI major plus minor bleeding (bottom panel). CONCLUSIONS: The benefit of prasugrel is driven by nonfatal MI, the most prevalent but arguably not the most important component of the CE. A large gradient in clinical importance, prevalence, and treatment effect across components challenges the validity of “net clinical benefit” CE in TRITON. Furthermore, lack of information about the type of MI prevented precludes an informed benefit-risk assessment.
Coping with ineffective therapies.
Authors: S Hellman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.3.335 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3819802 Coping with ineffective therapies. S HellmanxS HellmanSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.3.335 PDF "Coping with ineffective therapies.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(3), pp. 335–336© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
A Truncated Isoform of the Human β Chain Common to the Receptors for Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Interleukin-3 (IL-3), and IL-5 With Increased mRNA Expression in Some Patients With Acute Leukemia
Authors: Rosemary E. Gale, Robin W. Freeburn, Asim Khwaja, Rajesh Chopra, David C. Linch
Journal: Blood (1998)
Temporal lobe morphology in childhood-onset schizophrenia [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1996 Jun;153(6):851]
Authors: L K Jacobsen, J N Giedd, A C Vaituzis, S D Hamburger, J C Rajapakse, J A Frazier, D Kaysen, M C Lenane, K McKenna, C T Gordon, J L Rapoport
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

Neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia imply that a more severe early brain lesion may produce earlier onset of psychotic symptoms. The medial temporal lobes have been proposed as possible locations for such a lesion. The authors tested this hypothesis in a group of children and adolescents with childhood-onset schizophrenia who had severe, chronic symptoms and who were refractory to treatment with typical neuroleptics.Anatomic brain magnetic resonance imaging scans were acquired with a 1.5-T scanner for 21 patients (mean age=14.6 years, SD=2.1) who had onset of schizophrenia by age 12 (mean age at onset=10.2, SD=1.5) and 41 normal children. Volumes of the temporal lobe, superior temporal gyrus, amygdala, and hippocampus were measured by manually outlining these structures on contiguous 2-mm thick coronal slices.Patients with childhood-onset schizophrenia had significantly smaller cerebral volumes. With no adjustment for brain volume, no diagnostic differences were observed for any temporal lobe structure. Unexpectedly, with adjustment for total cerebral volume, larger volumes of the superior temporal gyrus and its posterior segment and a trend toward larger temporal lobe volume emerged for the patients with schizophrenia. These patients lacked the normal (right-greater-than-left) hippocampal asymmetry.These findings do not indicate a more severe medial temporal lobe lesion as the basis of very early onset schizophrenia.
Abstract 5501: Enlarged Ischemic Damage and Decreased SDF-1a Expression in the Brain of db/db Diabetic Mice
Authors: Avik Das, Shuzhen Chen, Wenfeng Zhang, Jinju Wang, Mariana Morris, Yanfang Chen
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Stromal cell derived factor-1a (SDF-1a) and its specific receptor Cysteine-X-Cysteine receptor 4 (CXCR4) together forms an important regulatory axis of angiogenesis and tissue repair after ischemia. Emerging evidence suggests that dysfunction of SDF-1a/CXCR4 axis may be responsible for impairment of angiogenesis and delayed wound healing in type 2 diabetes mellitus. The type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major risk for ischemic stroke. However, there are questions as to whether SDF-1a/CXCR4 axis is involved in ischemic stroke in diabetes. In this study, we determined the effect of diabetes on ischemic stroke and regulation of SDF-1a in brain. Methods and Results: Male db/db mice (8 weeks) and age-matched db/+ control mice were used (glucose 524.1±10.2 vs. 179.7±16.5 mg/dl, db/db vs. db/+, n=16, p&lt;0.01). Focal ischemic stroke was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery and the cerebral damage was determined 48 hrs after surgery by triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining. Cerebral microvascular density in the frontal cortex was measured by immunostaining for CD31. The expression of SDF-1a in ischemic (48 hrs after MCAO) and non-ischemic (contra-lateral to MCAO side) brain was determined using western blot and real-time RT-PCR methods. We found: Ischemic damage volume was much increased in db/db mice (28.6±2.2% and 16.5±1.5%, db/db vs. db/+, n=6, p&lt; 0.01); Microvascular density in the cortex of db/db mice was reduced as compared with db/+ mice (338±29 vs. 416±32 capillaries/mm 2 , db/db vs. db/+, n=4, p&lt; 0.05); SDF-1a expression was down-regulated in the non-ischemic brain of db/db mice (db/db vs. db/+, real-time RT-PCR: 63±9% vs. 100±16%, n=5, p&lt; 0.01; western blot: 0.15±0.02 vs. 0.19±0.02, n=6, p&lt; 0.05); There was also less up-regulation of SDF-1a in the ischemic brain of db/db mice (db/db vs. db/+, real-time RT-PCR:175±24% vs. 400±43%, n=5, p&lt; 0.01; western blot: 0.23±0.02 vs. 0.29±0.02, n=6, p&lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Impaired SDF-1a regulation and reduced microvascular density may be linked to enlarged ischemic cerebral damage and a potential therapeutic target for ischemic stroke in diabetes. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, National Center.
Human Herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)–Positive Burkitt's Lymphoma: Establishment of a Novel Cell Line Infected With HHV-6
Authors: Kentaro Bandobashi, Masanori Daibata, Mikio Kamioka, Yuji Tanaka, Ichiro Kubonishi, Hirokuni Taguchi, Yuji Ohtsuki, Isao Miyoshi
Journal: Blood (1997)
Biomarkers Of Complement and Endothelial Activation, Inflammation, Thrombosis and Renal Injury In Patients (pts) With aHUS Treated With Eculizumab (ECU)
Authors: Roxanne Cofiell, Anjli Kukreja, Krystin Bedard, Yan Yan, Angela Mickle, Masayo Ogawa, Camille L. Bedrosian, Susan Faas
Journal: Blood (2013)
On the Carcinogenicity of an Iron-Dextran Complex&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Alexander Haddow, Eric S. Horning
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

A recent observation, by H. G. Richmond, on the carcinogenicity of an iron-dextran complex, is confirmed and extended, the complex having proved markedly carcinogenic in the rat and mouse after subcutaneous injection of massive doses. The bulk of tumors appear at the site of injection as sarcomas arising from the iron-laden connective and reticuloendothelial tissues. The component dextran is inactive. It is still not known whether the potency of the complex is a function of the metal alone or of the entire complex. The various possibilities are considered, with particular reference to alternative mechanisms of action involving differing aspects of iron metabolism, and including the inactivation of vitamin E.
Tuberculosis in Greece: bacteriologically confirmed cases and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance, 1995-2009
Authors: D Papaventsis, S Nikolaou, S Karabela, P Ioannidis, E Konstantinidou, I Marinou, A Sainti, S Kanavaki
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

The Greek National Reference Laboratory for Mycobacteria is a major source of tuberculosis (TB)-related data for Greece, where the TB burden and epidemiology still need to be better defined. We present data regarding newly diagnosed TB cases and resistance to anti-TB drugs during the last 15 years in Greece. Although the total number of newly detected TB cases has declined, cases among immigrants are increasing. Resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs is widely prevalent, although stable or declining. The implementation of an efficient and effective countrywide TB surveillance system in Greece is urgently needed.
Abstract 12915: Intraleaflet Hemorrhage is Associated with Rapid Progression of Degenerative Aortic Valve Stenosis
Authors: Hirokuni Akahori, Takeshi Tsujino, Yoshiro Naito, Mika Matsumoto, Chikako Yoshida, Kana Wakabayashi, Masaaki L Kawabata, Tsuyoshi Sakoda, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Masataka Mitsuno, Yuji Miyamoto, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The hemorrhage in the plaque (intraplaque hemorrhage) plays a critical role in the progression of atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study is to clarify whether the hemorrhage in the ...
Abstract 10851: Short- and Long-Term Outcome and Risk Stratification by Multi-biomarkers in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Mitsunori Ishino, Tetsuro Shishido, Akira Funayama, Shunsuke Netsu, Nobuyuki Kiribayashi, Takanori Arimoto, Hiroki Takahashi, Takehiko Miyashita, Takuya Miyamoto, Joji Nitobe, Tetsu Watanabe, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2010)