tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 15777: Association Between Sleep Disordered Breathing, Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Incident Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ghanshyam Palamaner Subash Shantha, Anita A Kumar, Lawrence J Cheskin, Samir B Pancholy
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) increase risk for multiple morbidities such as cardiovascular events, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Association between SDB and incident cancer is unclear and studies that assessed this association have yielded conflicting results. Hypothesis: We systematically reviewed the literature and pooled available evidence that has associated SDP and incident cancer. Methods: Medline, Embase, Cochrane central library, and electronic databases were searched for relevant studies. Studies were included if: 1) they studied patients with SDB, and 2) reported rates of incident cancer. We excluded studies that reported cancers involving head and neck as we suspected reverse causation, since head and neck cancers can lead to SDP. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Results: From 3522 retrieved citations, 7 observational studies were included in the review. Of these, 4 studies, representing 48,152 patients with SDB and 87,849 patients without SDB, were included in the meta-analysis. In total 6931 incident cancer cases were reported (2813 in SDB group and 4118 in non-SDB group). In the pooled analysis, patients with SDB experienced higher odds of incident cancer (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06 - 1.60, P = 0.01, I 2 : 75%, 4 included studies) compared to those without SDB. Data from 2 studies that assessed patients with OSA, showed that OSA increased risk for incident cancer at 5 years follow-up (OR: 1.90, 95% CI: 1.46 - 2.45, P &lt; 0.001, I 2 : 0%) and 8 years follow-up (OR: 1.54, 95% CI: 1.25 - 1.88, P &lt; 0.001, I 2 : 0%). Also, cancer risk (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.09 - 1.51, P = 0.003, I 2 : 21%, 2 studies) and cancer mortality (OR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.32 - 2.56, P = 0.003, I 2 : 0%, 2 studies) was significant only in patients with severe OSA [apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) &gt; 30] and not in patients with mild to moderate OSA (AHI &lt; 30). Factors namely; obesity, type of cancer, age and gender did not account for between study heterogeneity. Conclusions: SDB and OSA are associated with incident cancer. Though our study did not support the role of obesity in this association, strong mechanistic link exists, associating SDB, obesity and cancer. Future studies should assess the association between SDB and organ specific cancers.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA SIMULATING HYPERPARATHYROIDISM
Authors: D GILL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1946)

Case Reports1 June 1946MULTIPLE MYELOMA SIMULATING HYPERPARATHYROIDISMDOROTHY GILL, M.D.DOROTHY GILL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-24-6-1087 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, and increased excretion of calcium and phosphorus in the urine characterize the metabolic changes in clinical hyperparathyroidism. The appearance of a high blood calcium in such conditions as multiple myeloma and metastatic carcinoma of bone has led to speculation as to whether this is simply incident to diseases causing rapid bone destruction or whether true hyperactivity of the parathyroid glands exists. Bulger and Barr1were inclined toward the latter theory, as it is known (a) that it is difficult to raise the serum calcium even by giving large quantities of calcium by mouth, and (b) that the parathyroids...Bibliography1. BULGERDIXONBARRSCHREGARDUS HAHHDPO: The functional pathology of hyperparathyroidism, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1930, ix, 143. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. ENZERLIEBERMAN NB: Multiple myeloma, Ann. Int. Med., 1935, viii, 1062. Google Scholar3. CAYLORNICKEL HDAC: Multiple myeloma simulating hyperparathyroidism, Ann. Surg., 1933, xcvii, 823. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. MASONWARREN RLS: Metastatic carcinoma simulating hyperparathyroidism, Am. Jr. Path., 1931, vii, 415. Google Scholar5. CHURGGORDON VAJ: Multiple myeloma with unusual visceral involvement, Arch. Path., 1942, xxxiv, 546. Google Scholar6. GREENBERGFROSCH RCHL: Multiple myeloma—review of the literature and report of 5 cases, West Virginia Med. Jr., 1942, xxxviii, 340. Google Scholar7. LEVITTLEVY ADS: Multiple myeloma—case report, Ann. Int. Med., 1942, xvii, 863. Google Scholar8. CASTLEMANMALLORY BTB: The pathology of the parathyroid gland in hyperparathyroidism, Am. Jr. Path., 1935, xi, 1. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Seattle, Washington*Received for publication April 18, 1945.From the Department of Medicine, Mason Clinic, Seattle, Washington. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGammapathie monoclonale et hyperparathyroïdie primitive. À propos de deux observations et revue de la littératureNiere bei Tumoren, Blutkrankheiten und ParaproteinämienMultiple myeloma simulating hyperparathyroidismDiagnostic and Therapeutic Aspects of Multiple Myeloma 1 June 1946Volume 24, Issue 6Page: 1087-1093KeywordsBoneCalciumExcretionHypercalcemiaHyperparathyroidismMouthMultiple myelomaParathyroidPhosphorusUrine ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1946 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract MP62: Beneficial Effects of Dietary Potassium on Adolescent Blood Pressure
Authors: Justin R Buendia, M. L Bradlee, Martha R Singer, Lynn L Moore
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Childhood blood pressure (BP) is an important predictor of adult blood pressure. Identification of modifiable risk factors for elevated blood pressure levels during adolescence has the potential to reduce the risk of adult hypertension. Longitudinal data on the effects of dietary sodium and potassium on adolescent BP are lacking. The objective of the study was to examine the effects of dietary potassium, sodium, and the potassium:sodium ratio (K:Na) throughout adolescence on blood pressure at the end of that period and to determine whether these effects are modified by other dietary factors. Data from 2330 girls, initially ages 9-10, and followed for 10 years in the National Growth and Health Study, were used to address these questions. Mean potassium and sodium intakes were 3.1 and 2.0 g, respectively, from an average of 6.6 sets of 3-day diet records. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models were used to estimate mean systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressures at 18-20 yrs of age, controlling for height, race, TV/video viewing time, physical activity, total energy intake, and BMI. Girls in the highest tertile of potassium intake (vs. lowest) had the lowest adjusted mean SBP (108.46 vs. 109.43 mm Hg; p-trend=0.030) and DBP (65.18 vs. 65.94 mm Hg; p-trend=0.073) at the end of follow up. Similar results were observed for the K:Na ratio (SBP 108.07 vs. 109.50 mm Hg; p-trend=0.021; DBP 65.02 vs. 65.85; p-trend=0.151). Finally, mineral intake as a part of a healthy eating pattern was examined. In this analysis, girls with a higher K:Na ratio (≥0.7) combined with high intakes of total fruit and vegetable (FV), fiber, or dairy had SBP levels that were approximately 2 mm Hg lower at the end of follow up than those with lower intake (p&lt;0.05 for all diet patterns). Adolescents with a higher K:Na ratio with higher total FV or fiber intakes also had the lowest DBP levels at the end of follow up. Dietary sodium intake was generally unrelated to BP levels regardless of other diet patterns. Adolescent girls who consumed a high potassium and K:Na alone and particularly in the context of healthy eating patterns throughout adolescence had lower SBP and DBP levels at the end of adolescence. This study suggests that dietary potassium may play a more important role than sodium in determining adolescent BP levels. Thus, increasing dietary potassium intakes during childhood may reduce the risk of hypertension later in life.
Interpretation of an Extended Autoantibody Profile in a Well‐Characterized Australian Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) Cohort Using Principal Components Analysis
Authors: K. A. Patterson, P. J. Roberts‐Thomson, S. Lester, J. A. Tan, P. Hakendorf, M. Rischmueller, J. Zochling, J. Sahhar, P. Nash, J. Roddy, C. Hill, M. Nikpour, W. Stevens, S. M. Proudman, J. G. Walker
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective To determine the relationships between systemic sclerosis (SSc)–related autoantibodies, as well as their clinical associations, in a well‐characterized Australian patient cohort. Methods Serum from 505 Australian SSc patients were analyzed with a commercial line immunoassay (EuroLine; Euroimmun) for autoantibodies to centromere proteins CENP‐A and CENP‐B, RNA polymerase III (RNAP III; epitopes 11 and 155), the 90‐kd nucleolar protein NOR‐90, fibrillarin, Th/To, PM/Scl‐75, PM/Scl‐100, Ku, topoisomerase I (topo I), tripartite motif–containing protein 21/Ro 52, and platelet‐derived growth factor receptor. Patient subgroups were identified by hierarchical clustering of the first 2 dimensions of a principal components analysis of quantitative autoantibody scores. Results were compared with detailed clinical data. Results A total of 449 of the 505 patients were positive for at least 1 autoantibody by immunoblotting. Heatmap visualization of autoantibody scores, along with principal components analysis clustering, demonstrated strong, mutually exclusive relationships between CENP, RNAP III, and topo I. Five patient clusters were identified: CENP, RNAP III strong, RNAP III weak, topo I, and other. Clinical features associated with CENP, RNAP III, and topo I were consistent with previously published reports concerning limited cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous SSc. A novel finding was the statistical separation of RNAP III into 2 clusters. Patients in the RNAP III strong cluster had an increased risk of gastric antral vascular ectasia, but a lower risk of esophageal dysmotility. Patients in the other cluster were more likely to be male and to have a history of smoking and a history of malignancy, but were less likely to have telangiectasia, Raynaud's phenomenon, and joint contractures. Conclusion Five major autoantibody clusters with specific clinical and serologic associations were identified in Australian SSc patients. Subclassification and disease stratification using autoantibodies may have clinical utility, particularly in early disease.
The Problem of Breast-Cancer Prophylaxis
Authors: Mary E. Costanza
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

With the advent of increased understanding about tumor-cell growth and with the successful drug treatment of lymphomas and leukemias, more and more attention has been focused on the possibility of increasing the cure rate of neoplasms by long-term chemotherapy as a prophylactic adjunct to primary surgical resection, It is clear that many operable patients cannot be cured by operation alone since micrometastases are often left behind, in time, their growth becomes manifest as clinical metastases, and cure becomes impossible. In patients with breast cancer, initial clinical and pathological presentations (such as size of the tumor and involvement of regional lymph . . .
Anti-cancer activity of gemcitabine against chemo-resistant natural killer (NK) cell leukemia-lymphoma
Authors: Tae Min Kim, So Yeon Kim, Young Oon Ahn, Jae-Jung Lee, Se Hoon Lee, Dong Wan Kim, Si-Young Kim, Dae Seog Heo
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

3287  Purpose: NK leukemia-lymphoma cells show resistance to conventional chemotherapy (anthracycline-based) as well as highly aggressive feature, which result in a dismal prognosis. Thus, chemotherapeutic agents surmounting chemo-resistance should be investigated to improve treatment outcomes.  Experimental design: NK leukemia-lymphoma cell lines (SNK-6, KHYG-1, NKL, and YT) and YT-bearing BALB/c (nu/nu) mice were treated with either gemcitabine or control (including doxorubicin, cisplatin, paclitaxel, or cytosine arabinoside), its efficacy being evaluated by cell viability assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide colorimetric assay and cell cycle analysis) and tumor size measurement, respectively. Statistical difference between groups was calculated using student t-test.  Results: After exposure to gemcitabine for 72 hours, the mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) was significantly lower in NK leukemia-lymphoma cells compared to that in Jurkat cell: SNK-6, 8.9nM; KHYG-1, 8.4nM; NKL, 12.9nM; YT, 6.3nM; and Jurkat, 166.3nM (Ps
Abstract 16464: Coronary Vasospasm Induced in Transgenic Mouse With Vascular Smooth Muscle-Specific Overexpression of p122RhoGAP/DLC1
Authors: Takahiko Kinjo, Tomohiro Osanai, Makoto Tanaka, Kazuo Murakami, Ikuyo Narita, Tomohiro Tannno, Kimitaka Nishizaki, Shuji Shibutani, Hirofumi Tomita, Ken Okumura
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: We previously reported that the activity of phospholipase C (PLC)-δ1, a key enzyme for Ca2+ signaling in the coronary artery, was 3-fold enhanced in patients with coronary spastic angina (CSA), and it was positively correlated with coronary vasomotility (JACC 2000). We further showed that p122RhoGAP/DLC1 protein, which was recognized as a stimulator of PLCδ-1, was upregulated in CSA patients (ATVB 2010). In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that enhanced expression of p122RhoGAP/DLC1 causes coronary spasm, by using mice with vascular smooth muscle-specific overexpression of p122RhoGAP/DLC1. Methods and Results: We generated transgenic mice overexpressing p122RhoGAP/ DLC1 protein under control of the mouse α-smooth muscle actin promoter (p122-Tg). The gene and protein expressions of p122RhoGAP/DLC1 were enhanced by 2-fold and 8-fold, respectively, in the aorta obtained from p122-Tg compared with wild type (WT) mice. Systolic blood pressure and pulse rate measured by tail-cuff method w...
A prospective trial of the effects of isotretinoin on quality of life and depressive symptoms
Authors: E.J. McGrath, C.R. Lovell, F. Gillison, A. Darvay, J.R. Hickey, S.M. Skevington
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Isotretinoin is an efficacious treatment for acne, but has been controversially linked with depression.This study aimed to examine the effects of isotretinoin on quality of life(QoL) and depression using a prospective design.The WHOQOL-BREF QoL measure and Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale were administered to consecutive outpatients with acne who were prescribed either isotretinoin (n = 65) or antibiotic treatment (n = 31).Patients and physicians rated acne severity independently. Groups were compared at baseline with a matched community sample (n = 94) and measurements repeated at 3 months for treatment groups.There were no differences between the three groups at baseline in terms of age, gender, depression or overall QoL. Acne was more severe in the treatment groups (P < 0·001). Depression was negatively correlated with QoL (P < 0·001)and hence was included as a covariate in repeated-measures analyses of QoL.Acne improved over time in both treatment groups (F = 48·2, P < 0·001). There was no detectable deterioration in depression score in either group (F = 1·1, not significant). QoL in the physical and social domains improved (P < 0·001) while psychological and environmental QoL was unchanged over time. The improvement in social QoL was greater in the isotretinoin group (P < 0·05). Those patients with higher baseline depression scores showed greater improvements in physical, psychological and social QoL (P < 0·001).Treatment of acne improves QoL, particularly in those with more depressive symptoms at the outset. Mood deterioration was not detected, but the possibility of subtle or rare mood effects of isotretinoin cannot be ruled out.
Daily exhaled nitric oxide measurements and asthma exacerbations in children
Authors: R. J. P. van der Valk, E. Baraldi, G. Stern, U. Frey, J. C. de Jongste
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: van der Valk RJP, Baraldi E, Stern G, Frey U, de Jongste JC. Daily exhaled nitric oxide measurements and asthma exacerbations in children. Allergy 2012; 67 : 265–271. Abstract Background: Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) is a biomarker for eosinophilic airway inflammation and can be measured at home on a daily basis. A short‐term increase in FeNO may indicate a higher risk of future asthma exacerbations. Objective: To assess changes in FeNO before and after asthma exacerbations compared to a stable control period. Methods: A post hoc analysis was performed on daily FeNO measurements over 30 weeks in children with asthma ( n = 77). Moderate exacerbations were defined by an increase in symptom scores and severe exacerbations by prescription of prednisone. Individual mean and maximum FeNO, the variability of FeNO assessed by the coefficient of variation (CV), and slopes of FeNO in time were all quantified in 3‐week blocks. Cross‐correlation of FeNO with symptoms and autocorrelation of FeNO were assessed in relation to exacerbations and examined as predictors for exacerbations compared to reference periods using logistic regression. Results: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide could be assessed in relation to 25 moderate and 12 severe exacerbations. The CV, slope, cross‐correlation, and autocorrelation of daily FeNO increased before moderate exacerbations. Increases in slope were also randomly seen in 19% of 2‐week blocks of children without exacerbations. At least 3–5 FeNO measurements in the 3 weeks before an exacerbation were needed to calculate a slope that could predict moderate exacerbations. No specific pattern of FeNO was seen before severe exacerbations. Conclusion: Fractional exhaled nitric oxide monitoring revealed changes in FeNO prior to moderate exacerbations. Whether this can be used to prevent loss of asthma control should be further explored.
Amfizemi Bulunan Evre I Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserli Hastalarda Segmentektomi Sonrası Fonksiyonel Koruma İle Lobektomi Sonrası Hacim Azaltma Etkileri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: Kosuke Kashiwabara, Ji-Ichiro Sasaki, Tsuyoshi Mori, Hiroaki Nomori, Kazuhiko Fujii, Hirotsugu Kohrogi
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
New Smallpox Vaccine Shows Promise
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2422: Short Term Effects of Milrinone on Biomarkers in Severe Heart Failure
Authors: David Lanfear, Ramesh C Gupta, Rasha N Bazari, Reema Hasan, Celeste Williams, Barbara Czerska, Cristina Tita, Hani N Sabbah
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: Inotrope use is associated with adverse outcomes in heart failure (HF), raising concern that it may cause or accelerate myocardial injury/damage. Whether biomarkers of myocardial necrosis, stretch, inflammation and apoptosis change in response to inotrope initiation is not known. Methods: Ten patients with severe HF and cardiac index &lt; 2.0 L/m/M2 who were planned to receive intravenous milrinone were studied. All patients were at bed rest in cardiac intensive care unit. Blood was drawn immediately before initiation of milrinone and after 24 hours of continuous infusion. Milrinone dosing was at the discretion of the patient’s attending physician (0.375 –0.5 mcg/kg/min were used). Blood samples were immediately centrifuged, plasma aliquoted, and frozen at -70°C. Troponin I (TnI), Myoglobin, N-terminal pro-BNP (NTproBNP), interleukin 6 (IL6), Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF α), soluble Fas (sFas), and Fas ligand (FasL) levels were measured. TnI levels were replicated to assess precision of measurement, yielding a correlation coefficient &gt; 0.995 and power &gt; 90% to detect a mean difference as small as 0.02 ng/ml. Statistical comparisons were made between baseline levels and 24 hour levels using the paired t-test. P values &lt; 0.05 were considered significant. Results: Baseline mean biomarker levels, 24 hour levels, absolute change, percent change, and associated p-values are shown in the Table . Troponin I was elevated at baseline in all patients (range 0.0205– 0.56 ng/ml). There was no significant change in TnI after 24 hours of milrinone compared to baseline. There were significant improvements in NTproBNP, IL6, TNF α, sFas, and FasL. Conclusions: In this sample of patients with severe HF and reduced cardiac output, all had elevated troponin at baseline, consistent with ongoing myocardial damage. Initiation of milrinone therapy did not result in changes indicative of accelerated myocardial injury, and was associated with salutary effects on other markers. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, Midwest Affiliate (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota &amp; Wisconsin). Change in Biomarker Levels at 24 hours of Milrinone Therapy
Minocycline in the management of acne vulgaris: the challenge of conveying pharmacovigilance data to primary care
Authors: S. Walsh, D. Creamer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Conflicts of interest None declared. Funding sources No external funding. The article in this month’s journal by Lebrun‐Vignes et al.1 provides further robust pharmacoepidemiological evidence to underpin an evolving trend in prescribing for acne, away from minocycline towards newer tetracyclines such as lymecycline. Under the auspices of the Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Produits de Santé [AFSSAPS, analogous to the Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the U.K.], a network of 31 regional pharmacovigilance centres operates in France for the purpose of coordinating reporting of adverse reactions to drugs, monitoring and analysing trends in this reporting, and advising governmental health policy based on the results. Reporting by members of the public and healthcare professionals is encouraged, analogous to the Yellow Card system in the U.K., and case validation, including a drug causality assessment, is carried out before validated cases are entered on the French Pharmacoviligance Database (FPD), referred to in the article. The database is thus a powerful tool for surveillance of adverse reactions.