tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Socioeconomic status, asthma and chronic bronchitis in a large community-based study
Authors: L. Ellison-Loschmann, J. Sunyer, E. Plana, N. Pearce, J-P. Zock, D. Jarvis, C. Janson, J. M. Antó, M. Kogevinas
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

The present study investigated the relationship between socioeconomic status, using measures of occupational class and education level, and the prevalence and incidence of asthma (with and without atopy) and chronic bronchitis using data from the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Asthma and chronic bronchitis were studied prospectively within the ECRHS (n = 9,023). Incidence analyses comprised subjects with no history of asthma or bronchitis at baseline. Asthma symptoms were also assessed as a continuous score. Bronchitis risk was associated with low educational level (prevalence odds ratio (POR) 1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4–2.8) and occupational class (1.8; 1.2–2.7). Incident bronchitis also increased with low educational level (risk ratio (RR) 2.8; 95%CI 1.5–5.4). Prevalent and incident asthma with no atopy were associated with low educational level. Subjects in the low occupational class (incident risk ratio (IRR) 1.4; 95%CI 1.2–1.7) and education group (IRR 1.3; 95% CI 1.1–1.6) had higher mean asthma scores than those in higher socioeconomic groups. Lower educational level was associated with increased risk of prevalent and incident chronic bronchitis and asthma with no atopy. Lower socioeconomic groups tended to have a higher prevalence and incidence of asthma, particularly higher mean asthma scores. Adjustment for variables associated with asthma and bronchitis explained little of the observed health differences by socioeconomic status.
Points: Activated charcoal in nefopam poisonings
Authors: P. J Neuvonen
Journal: BMJ (1984)

November, p 1225) is apprehensive that the remarkably low figure of 4-1 perinatal deaths per 1000 (22 September, p 721) for planned home confinements will increase the demand for this service.There is no evidence as yet that planned home confinements are less safe than consultant booked deliveries.Although not conclusive, the published figures support a more liberal policy.1-4What is more important is that the number of unplanned, and often unattended, deliveries at home (perinatal mortality 67-5/1000 births) has remained constant over the years and may therefore have reached an irreducible minimum.In some areas of the country the domiciliary midwifery service has been dismantled.This must put this very high risk group at greater risk since there are no experienced midwives or doctors to attend these patients should they be called.' 1
Ionic currents activated during hyperpolarization of single right atrial myocytes from cat heart.
Authors: J Y Wu, J Vereecke, E Carmeliet, S L Lipsius
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Whole-cell recording techniques were used on single right atrial myocytes to study the ionic currents that may be responsible for the diverse diastolic voltage characteristics of atrial tissue. Ionic currents were activated by hyperpolarizing voltage pulses negative to -30 mV. In general, four different types of cells were identified based primarily on the ionic currents elicited during hyperpolarization. The first cell type exhibited an inward current that decayed with time at more negative voltages, reversed near the potassium equilibrium potential, inwardly rectified at more positive voltages, increased in elevated extracellular potassium, and was blocked by 3 mM barium or 10 mM cesium. This current was identified as the potassium current iK1. A second cell type exhibited a time-dependent inward current that increased at more negative voltages, had an activation range between -50 and -110 mV, had a reversal potential of -26 mV, and was blocked by 3 mM cesium. This current was identified as an if current. A third cell type exhibited an inward current that initially decayed and then became more inward with time. Barium (3 mM) abolished the initial inward current and revealed a time-dependent increasing inward current that was blocked by 3 mM cesium. This current was composed of both the iK1 and if currents. A fourth cell type exhibited only small time-independent leak currents in response to hyperpolarization. These results indicate that individual cells within the right atrium are electrophysiologically heterogeneous with respect to the types of ionic channels present in their sarcolemmal membranes. This specialization in ionic currents partially explains the diverse diastolic voltage characteristics and functional properties of atrial tissue.
The Value of F-18 FDG Triple-Head Coincidence PET in the Posttreatment Evaluation of Patients With Lymphoma
Authors: Dra??en Hui??, Andrea Mutvar, Ivo Radman, Darko Gro??ev, Boris Labar, Marijan ??uvi??, Damir Dodig, Igor Aurer, Damir Nemet
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

We performed a single-center study comprised of 31 consecutive patients with lymphoma within 3 months after completion of conventional initial therapy or after salvage therapy with high-dose chemotherapy. PET studies were performed by using fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and a hybrid PET camera with triple-head coincidence imaging capability. The long-term follow-up data (at least 12 months, median 20 months) were extracted from the patients’ medical files. Fifteen patients were FDG-negative, 12 were positive, and in 4 patients, only slightly increased FDG uptake was observed (equivocal findings, 2 relapsed). Besides all shortcomings of coincidence PET, we found this hybrid PET methodology good enough for reliable prognosis in follow up of our patients, especially in those without pathologic FDG uptake.
Perforation from endoscopic small bowel biopsy.
Authors: B Scott, G Holmes
Journal: Gut (1993)

Two patients, having undergone an apparently straightforward endoscopy with small bowel biopsy, developed a perforation. One, who proved to have normal small bowel mucosa, needed laparotomy and suturing of the duodenal perforation. The other, who had coeliac disease, settled with conservative management.
Myopathy and Rhabdomyolysis With Lovastatin Taken With Gemfibrozil
Authors: Mark R. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> The article by Pierce et al<sup>1</sup>on myopathy and rhabdomyolysis associated with the combination of lovastatin and gemfibrozil has several important messages. Most important, it provides firm evidence that the concomitant use of lovastatin and gemfibrozil should be avoided because of the apparent synergism of this combination in causing myopathy and rhabdomyolysis. This report is timely since other investigators have recently published data that support the efficacy of this combination in treating mixed hyperlipidemia.<sup>2,3</sup> Of the 12 cases reported, eight were in women 65 years of age and older. Although disturbing, this is not surprising, since prescribing practices in 1988 revealed that cholesterol-lowering drugs were given predominantly to women and the elderly.<sup>4</sup>There have been no primary or secondary prevention trials of coronary heart disease using cholesterol-lowering drugs in women or the elderly to suggest their long-term safety and/or efficacy in decreasing end
Microgravity environment in a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) promotes cell aggregation and maintains differentiation and proliferation of primary porcine hepatocytes
Authors: K.J. Dabos, L.J. Nelson, J.N. Plevris, M.M. Dollinger, C. Hewage, I.H. Sadler, P.C. Hayes
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1998)
Increased growth hormone response to dopamine infusion in insulin-dependent diabetic subjects: indication of possible blood-brain barrier abnormality.
Authors: M Lorenzi, J H Karam, M B McIlroy, P H Forsham
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

To test the hypothesis that cerebral capillaries, which share the embroyologic and morphologic characteristics of retinal capillaries, might have the same abnormal permeability in diabetic patients, we investigated the growth hormone response to a small amount of peripherally administered dopamine (1.5 microgram/kg.min). Consistent with the known exclusion of systemic dopamine from brain parenchyma, no rise was observed in 12 normal subjects. In 10 of 12 juvenile-onset, insulin-dependent diabetic patients, however, a substantial growth hormone rise occurred (peak value, 19.2 +/- 3.0 ng/ml [mean +/- SE]). Comparision of metabolic and cardiovascular responses to the infusion in both groups did not suggest that higher circulating levels of dopamine had been achieved in the diabetics. Other growth hormone stimuli (apomorphine in decreasing amounts, glucagon, and graded physical exercise) failed to indicate that hypothalamic hypersensitivity could account for the consistent rise. We postulate that an abnormal permeability of the blood-brain barrier in the diabetic patients permitted exposure of the hypothalamic structures regulating growth hormone secretion to a greater fraction of the infused dopamine.
THE INFECTIVE ECZEMAS OF THE SCALP
Authors: G. B. Dowling
Journal: BMJ (1932)

Give me the film and I can read it for mvself,' which was stupid and arrogant, and never to the patient's advantage."Apart from the fact that the radiologist has far more experience than the practising dental surgeon can possibly obtain, he, unlike the dental surgeon, is a medical man, familiar with the dangers of dental sepsis to the general health, and, perhaps most important, his opinion is unbiased and independent.This opinion of radiography by dental surgeons is most strongly supported by those dental surgeons who have devoted much time to its study.
Sideroblastic anaemia with iron overload presenting as an arthropathy.
Authors: M A Fitzcharles, J R Kirwan, B T Colvin, H L Currey
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

We report on 2 patients with sideroblastic anaemia an secondary iron overload whose presenting symptom was an arthropathy of small an large joints. One patient had marked spinal symptoms which were severe enough to suggest ankylosing spondylitis, and the pattern of arthritis in the other resembled seronegative rheumatoid arthritis. We believe these to be the first cases described of an arthropathy associated with iron overload secondary to sideroblastic anaemia.
TCTAP A-017 The Clinical Result of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction with Cardio-pulmonary Arrest
Authors: Makino Kenji, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Keisuke Hirano, Masatugu Nakano, Motoharu Araki, Tamon Kato, Norihiro Kobayashi, Yuki Inoue, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Shinske Mori, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Hiroya Takafuji, Takahiro Tokuda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Tumors of the Eye
Authors: David Shoch
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Twelve years ago when the first edition of this book appeared, it was hailed properly as a milestone in the literature on ocular tumors. Since that time smaller texts have been published discussing specific tumors such as those of the orbit or of the lids, but "Reese" has remained the standard in the field and it is unlikely that there is an American ophthalmologist who does not have a copy in his library. The reason for this overwhelming popularity was the fact that the book was not simply a review and compilation of the world literature on ocular tumors but a record of the personal experiences of a man who had devoted over 20 years to the subject and was undoubtedly the world's leading authority on ocular neoplasms. In the past 12 years, Dr. Reese has continued to devote himself to problems of oncology of the ocular structures and this
Caring for the Future: Making the Next Decades Provide a Life Worth Living
Authors: Michael K. Elmore-Meegan
Journal: JAMA (1997)

This book puts forward the findings of a 4-year investigation by an independent global commission. The ambitious remit of the commission was funded by seven governments, the United Nations, the World Bank, and five American foundations. The report presents the most recent demographic and socioeconomic data and useful summaries of global economic and ecological challenges. The text presents coherent systematic arguments leading toward a series of fresh responses and suggestions. The strategies for achieving sustained improvement in the quality of life echo the Global 2000 Report to the President commissioned by Carter and draw extensively on some 60 studies prepared for the commission. Innovative approaches in assessing the quality of life are put forward, and the carrying capacity of the earth is discussed clearly and informatively. The greatest contribution of this work lies in its humanity and the call for us to return through understanding to caring. Parts of<i>Caring</i>
Biological action of angiopoietin-2 in a fibrin matrix model of angiogenesis is associated with activation of Tie2
Authors: K Teichert-Kuliszewska
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

The endothelial cell (EC) specific tyrosine kinase receptor, Tie2, interacts with at least two ligands, angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2). Ang1 stimulates Tie2 receptor autophosphorylation, while Ang2 has been reported to inhibit Ang1-induced Tie2 receptor autophosphorylation. We studied the effects of Ang1 and Ang2 in an in vitro model of angiogenesis. Human ECs (HUVEC), cultured on 3-D fibrin matrices, were treated with conditioned media (CM) from stably transfected cells expressing human Ang1 or Ang2, or with purified recombinant proteins. EC tube formation was measured as a differentiation index (DI), calculated as the ratio of total tube length over residual of EC monolayer. CM from Ang1 overexpressing A10 SMC or HEK293T cells induced profound HUVEC differentiation, resulting in the formation of extensive capillary-like tubes within 48 h (DI: 24.58+/-5.91 and 19.13+/-7.86, respectively) vs. control (DI: 2.73+/-1.68 and 2.15+/-1.45, respectively, both P<0.001). Interestingly, CM from two independent cell lines overexpressing Ang2 also produced a significant increase in EC differentiation (DI: 9.22+/-3.00 and 9.72+/-4.84, both P<0.005 vs. control) although the degree of angiogenesis was significantly less then that seen with Ang1. Addition of Ang1* (a genetically engineered variant of naturally occurring Ang1) or Ang2 also resulted in dose dependent increases in DI, which were blocked by an excess of soluble Tie2 receptor (20 microg/ml). Both Ang1* and Ang2 induced modest increases in [3H]thymidine incorporation into HUVECs (20 and 26%, respectively), which were inhibited by excess soluble Tie2. Although Ang2 was unable to induce significant Tie2 receptor phosphorylation during a 5-min exposure, a 24-h pretreatment with Ang2, followed by brief re-exposure, produced Tie2 phosphorylation in HUVEC comparable to that produced by Ang1*. These results demonstrate for the first time that Ang2 may have a direct role in stimulating Tie2 receptor signaling and inducing in vitro angiogenesis. Our findings suggest that the physiological role of Ang2 is more complex than previously recognized: acting alternately to promote or blunt Tie2 receptor signaling in endothelial cells, depending on local conditions.
The art of noise
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I feel like complaining. BBC Radio 4 is no longer covering ridiculous health stories that fuel my indignation. But I have found a new topic that causes the red mist to descend: its reporting of the arts. 

Coming from a concrete state comprehensive school, I never had the benefit of a classical education. Radio 4 is obsessed with classical music, dead Russian authors, ballet, a pile of old furniture in the Tate Modern, literature prizes for books I would never read (even with a cocked gun at my head), and …
Lupus vulgaris following bacille Calmette-Guerin vaccination
Authors: F. Handjani, S. Delir, M. Sodaifi, P.V. Kumar
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Lupus vulgaris following bacille Calmette–Guérin vaccination Get access F. Handjani, F. Handjani Departments of Dermatology and †Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, *Shiraz, Iran Correspondence: Farhad HandjaniE‐mail: hanjanif@pearl.sums.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Delir, S. Delir Departments of Dermatology and †Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, *Shiraz, Iran Correspondence: Farhad HandjaniE‐mail: hanjanif@pearl.sums.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Sodaifi, M. Sodaifi Departments of Dermatology and †Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, *Shiraz, Iran Correspondence: Farhad HandjaniE‐mail: hanjanif@pearl.sums.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.V. Kumar P.V. Kumar Departments of Dermatology and †Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran, *Shiraz, Iran Correspondence: Farhad HandjaniE‐mail: hanjanif@pearl.sums.ac.ir Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 2, 1 February 2001, Pages 444–445, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04061.x Published: 01 February 2001
Fixed drug eruption: an immunohistochemical investigation of the acute and healing phase
Authors: MONICA HINDSEN, OLE B. CHRISTENSEN, VINKA GRUIC, HELGE LOFBERG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Five patients were each challenged orally with a drug which had previously induced a fixed drug eruption. A positive reaction occurred in all the patients. Punch biopsies were taken 6–12 h, 24h and 3 weeks after challenge. The specimens were tested with different mouse anti‐human monoclonal antibodies to identify T lymphocytes and phenotypic subsets, natural killer cells, B lymphocytes, OKT‐6 and HLA‐DR‐positive cells. T suppressor/cytotoxic cells seemed to play a major role in initiating the flare‐up reaction and preserving the cutaneous memory function of the fixed drug eruption.
Postpartum Thyrotoxicosis in a Patient With Graves' Disease
Authors: Robert H. Eckel
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A patient with previously diagnosed Graves' hyperthyroidism had a transient episode of thyrotoxicosis three months postpartum. This was associated with a diffusely enlarged thyroid gland, a rise in antithyroid microsomal antibody titer, a 24-hour radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) of 1%, and an aspiration biopsy specimen suggestive of chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. An alternative cause for the depressed RAIU was not discovered. This case would suggest that patients with previously diagnosed Graves' disease can have thyrotoxicosis without an enhanced RAIU and that the postpartum thyrotoxic syndrome may involve an immunologic injury causing a release of performed thyroid hormone.
Assessing the Community Prevalence of Bipolar Spectrum Symptoms by the Mood Disorder Questionnaire
Authors: Lara Mangelli, Franco Benazzi, Giovanni A. Fava
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2005)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; The goal of this study was to assess the frequency and spectrum of symptoms related to bipolar disorders in a community sample by means of a self-rating questionnaire. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt; The Mood Disorder Questionnaire, a self-rating scale which evaluates DSM-IV manic/hypomanic symptoms, was administered to a community sample of 1,034 individuals recruited through advertisements. Symptom interrelationships were studied by factor analysis. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; 275 individuals (26.6%) reported moderate or severe impairment due to the symptoms. Manic/hypomanic symptoms were present in a high proportion of individuals. Factor analysis found a two-factor structure of bipolar spectrum symptoms (an elevated mood overactivity factor, and an irritable behavior factor). &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; The findings of this study highlight the need of complementing clinical investigations on the bipolar spectrum with community studies. Subclinical manic-hypomanic symptoms may be present also in allegedly unipolar patients and may have implications on the course of illness.
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases
Authors: David M. Essayan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2001)

Cyclic nucleotide second messengers (cAMP and cGMP) play a central role in signal transduction and regulation of physiologic responses. Their intracellular levels are controlled by the complex superfamily of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes. Continuing advances in our understanding of the molecular pharmacology of these enzymes has led to the development of selective inhibitors as therapeutic agents for disease states ranging from cancer and heart failure to depression and sexual dysfunction. Several PDE types have been identified as therapeutic targets for immune/inflammatory diseases. This article briefly reviews the available in vitro, preclinical, and clinical data supporting the potential for selective PDE inhibitors as immunomodulatory agents. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001;108:671-80.)
Frequent plasma cell hepatitis during telaprevir-based triple therapy for hepatitis C after liver transplantation
Authors: Toru Ikegami, Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Ken Shirabe, Yoshihiko Maehara
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)

tions of the graft in interferon-treated hepatitis C positive liver transplant recipients. J Hepatol 2011;55:207–217. [5] Levitsky J, Fiel MI, Norvell JP, Wang E, Watt KD, Curry MP, et al. Risk for immune-mediated graft dysfunction in liver transplant recipients with recurrent HCV infection treated with pegylated interferon. Gastroenterology 2012;142:1132–1139. [6] Kugelmas M, Osgood MJ, Trotter JF, Bak T, Wachs M, Forman L, et al. Hepatitis C virus therapy, hepatocyte drug metabolism, and risk for acute cellular rejection. Liver Transpl 2003;9:1159–1165. Toru Ikegami⇑ Tomoharu Yoshizumi Ken Shirabe Yoshihiko Maehara Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyushu University, 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan ⇑Corresponding author. E-mail address: tikesurg@surg2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
THE DENTISTRY OF TO-MORROW.
Authors: H. P. CARLTON
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Several years ago I had the opportunity to read before the Odontographic Society of Chicago a paper on "University Training and Dental Education,"in which I took the ground that dentistry would only be a full profession and recognized as such when the character of the men who comprised it brought its recognition up to what it should be; that as this increase in dignity and professional status must come from within the body of the profession itself, a high grade of young men must be added to its ranks. I outlined the demands of the day and the way to meet those demands, making a plea for better educated material with which to begin our dental training, claiming that with these superior men we could shut the doors of our profession against the trifler and the tinker, and reserve the training of our schools for those who brought to the
Somatomedin in growth disorders and chronic renal insufficiency in children.
Authors: S L Schwalbe, P R Betts, P H Rayner, B T Rudd
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Somatomedin activity was measured using an embryonic chick cartilage assay in 33 normal and short normal children, 23 children with pituitary growth hormone (GH) deficiency, 14 children with sexual precocity, and 13 children with chronic renal insufficiency. In normal children somatomedin activity correlated well with chronological age: low valles in early childhood rose to higher than adult levels at puberty. Children with GH deficiency had significantly lower activities and those with sexual precocity significantly higher activities than normal children. In all three groups somatomedin activity correlated well with bone age. In children with chornic renal insufficiency there was a significant correlation between decreasing somatomedin activity and both a reduced growth velocity and a falling glomerular filtration rate. Somatomedin activity and growth velocity were within normal limits in children with glomerular filtration rates above 30 ml/min/1-73 m2.