tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Toll-like receptor 4-dependent Kupffer cell activation and liver injury in a novel mouse model of parenteral nutrition and intestinal injury
Authors: Karim C. El Kasmi, Aimee L. Anderson, Michael W. Devereaux, Sophie A. Fillon, Kirk J. Harris, Mark A. Lovell, Milton J. Finegold, Ronald J. Sokol
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract Infants with intestinal failure who are parenteral nutrition (PN)-dependent may develop cholestatic liver injury and cirrhosis (PN-associated liver injury: PNALI). The pathogenesis of PNALI remains incompletely understood. We hypothesized that intestinal injury with increased intestinal permeability combined with administration of PN promotes lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling dependent Kupffer cell (KC) activation as an early event in the pathogenesis of PNALI. We developed a mouse model in which intestinal injury and increased permeability were induced by oral treatment for 4 days with dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) followed by continuous infusion of soy lipid-based PN solution through a central venous catheter for 7 (PN7d/DSS) and 28 (PN28d/DSS) days. Purified KCs were probed for transcription of proinflammatory cytokines. PN7d/DSS mice showed increased intestinal permeability and elevated portal vein LPS levels, evidence of hepatocyte injury and cholestasis (serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, bile acids, total bilirubin), and increased KC expression of interleukin-6 ( Il6 ), tumor necrosis factor α ( Tnf α), and transforming growth factor β ( Tgf β). Markers of liver injury remained elevated in PN28d/DSS mice associated with lobular inflammation, hepatocyte apoptosis, peliosis, and KC hypertrophy and hyperplasia. PN infusion without DSS pretreatment or DSS pretreatment alone did not result in liver injury or KC activation, even though portal vein LPS levels were elevated. Suppression of the intestinal microbiota with broad spectrum antibiotics or ablation of TLR4 signaling in Tlr4 mutant mice resulted in significantly reduced KC activation and markedly attenuated liver injury in PN7d/DSS mice. Conclusion : These data suggest that intestinal-derived LPS activates KC through TLR4 signaling in early stages of PNALI. (Hepatology 2012)
Sayed Faqir Hussain Shah
Authors: T. Sommerfield
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Sayed Faqir Hussain Shah moved to the UK in 1970 and initially worked at Dumfries Royal Infirmary, where he met his wife, Sandra, a nurse. He accepted a pioneering post in the new town of Livingston in 1977, which combined hospital paediatrics and general practice. He …
Electronic Health Records in Ambulatory Care — A National Survey of Physicians
Authors: Catherine M. DesRoches, Eric G. Campbell, Sowmya R. Rao, Karen Donelan, Timothy G. Ferris, Ashish Jha, Rainu Kaushal, Douglas E. Levy, Sara Rosenbaum, Alexandra E. Shields, David Blumenthal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Electronic health records have the potential to improve the delivery of health care services. However, in the United States, physicians have been slow to adopt such systems. This study assessed physicians' adoption of outpatient electronic health records, their satisfaction with such systems, the perceived effect of the systems on the quality of care, and the perceived barriers to adoption.In late 2007 and early 2008, we conducted a national survey of 2758 physicians, which represented a response rate of 62%. Using a definition for electronic health records that was based on expert consensus, we determined the proportion of physicians who were using such records in an office setting and the relationship between adoption and the characteristics of individual physicians and their practices.Four percent of physicians reported having an extensive, fully functional electronic-records system, and 13% reported having a basic system. In multivariate analyses, primary care physicians and those practicing in large groups, in hospitals or medical centers, and in the western region of the United States were more likely to use electronic health records. Physicians reported positive effects of these systems on several dimensions of quality of care and high levels of satisfaction. Financial barriers were viewed as having the greatest effect on decisions about the adoption of electronic health records.Physicians who use electronic health records believe such systems improve the quality of care and are generally satisfied with the systems. However, as of early 2008, electronic systems had been adopted by only a small minority of U.S. physicians, who may differ from later adopters of these systems.
Female Fertility and the Body Fat Connection
Authors: L. A. Marshall
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Die Handhabung der Regression in der individuellen Psychotherapie schizophrener Psychosen
Authors: G. Benedetti
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1965)

Research Articles| February 11 2010 Die Handhabung der Regression in der individuellen Psychotherapie schizophrener Psychosen Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology G. Benedetti G. Benedetti Psychiatrische Universitäts-Poliklinik der Universität, Basel (Direktor: Prof. P. Kielholz) Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1965) 13 (1-3): 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285759 Article history Published Online: February 11 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation G. Benedetti; Die Handhabung der Regression in der individuellen Psychotherapie schizophrener Psychosen. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1965; 13 (1-3): 87–100. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285759 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 1965Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Phase I Study of Decitabine Alone or in Combination With Valproic Acid in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: William Blum, Rebecca B. Klisovic, Bjoern Hackanson, Zhongfa Liu, Shujun Liu, Hollie Devine, Tamara Vukosavljevic, Lenguyen Huynh, Gerard Lozanski, Cheryl Kefauver, Christoph Plass, Steven M. Devine, Nyla A. Heerema, Anthony Murgo, Kenneth K. Chan, Michael R. Grever, John C. Byrd, Guido Marcucci
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose To determine an optimal biologic dose (OBD) of decitabine as a single agent and then the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of valproic acid (VA) combined with decitabine in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Patients and Methods Twenty-five patients (median age, 70 years) were enrolled; 12 were untreated and 13 had relapsed AML. To determine an OBD (based on a gene re-expression end point), 14 patients received decitabine alone for 10 days. To determine the MTD, 11 patients received decitabine (at OBD, days 1 through 10) plus dose-escalating VA (days 5 through 21). Results The OBD of decitabine was 20 mg/m 2 /d intravenously, with limited nonhematologic toxicity. In patients treated with decitabine plus VA, dose-limiting encephalopathy occurred in two of two patients at VA 25 mg/kg/d and one of six patients at VA 20 mg/kg/d. Drug-induced re-expression of estrogen receptor (ER) was associated with clinical response (P ≤ .05). ER promoter demethylation, global DNA hypomethylation, depletion of DNA methyltransferase enzyme, and histone hyperacetylation were also observed. In an intent-to-treat analysis, the response rate was 44% (11 of 25). Of 21 assessable patients, 11 (52%) responded: four with morphologic and cytogenetic complete remission (CR; each had complex karyotype), four with incomplete CR, and three with partial remission. In untreated AML, four of nine assessable patients achieved CR. Clinical responses appeared similar for decitabine alone or with VA. Conclusion Low-dose decitabine was safe and showed encouraging clinical and biologic activity in AML, but the addition of VA led to encephalopathy at relatively low doses. On the basis of these results, additional studies of decitabine (20 mg/m 2 /d for 10 days) alone or with an alternative deacetylating agent are warranted.
Relation between Pulmonary Gas Exchange and Closing Volume before and after Substantial Weight Loss in Obese Subjects
Authors: M. J. B. Farebrother, G. J. R. McHardy, J. F. Munro
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Relations between expiratory reserve volume (ERV), closing volume (CV) as a percentage of vital capacity (CV/VC%), and pulmonary gas exchange have been investigated in the sitting and supine postures in eight severely obese subjects before and after substantial weight loss. CV/VC% exceeded predicted values but did not change with posture or weight loss; the increase could have been owing to the smoking habits of the subjects. Arterial oxygen pressure (PaO<sub>2</sub>) was significantly less in the supine than in the sitting posture and improved after weight loss in six subjects. The reduction in PaO<sub>2</sub> was correlated with the extent to which dependent airways were closed within the range of tidal breathing, shown by increasing negativity of ERV-CV as a percentage of VC. A good correlation was also found between PaO<sub>2</sub> and ERV, an easier measurement for routine use. Improvement of pulmonary gas exchange occurred only in those patients who lost weight to within 30% in excess of ideal.
AMERICAN MEDICAL EDITORS' ASSOCIATION.ADDRESS OF THE PRESIDENT,
Authors: C. H. HUGHES
Journal: JAMA (1894)

<i>Fellow Cranks:</i>—As you accepted the term kindly last year in the East, when we were assembled around the board in the "Arlington" at Washington, so I re-apply it here in the West at the Golden Gate in this festal hall of the Palace of the Occident. Fellow cranks: I congratulate you that the revolution of the wheels of time has brought us to this goodly place, and that the cranks still go with the wheel, for from what we already know of California and the Californiane we have promise of a lively time here in San Francisco. We are going to see all the sights of Chinatown, and Benicia Bay, and the Golden Gate, and the seals of Seal Rock, and the Garden and the Midwinter Fair and last, but not least, the bright eyes and handsome faces of San Francisco's warm-hearted and beautiful Avives and daughters whose qualities of
Statistical Power Considerations Show the Endocrine Disruptor Low-Dose Issue in a New Light
Authors: Martin Scholze, Andreas Kortenkamp
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

BackgroundThe endocrine disruptor field has been vexed by difficulties in reproducing various claims of effects at unusually low doses. In previous analyses, variations in control responses from experiment to experiment and problems with observing effects in positive controls have been identified as possible explanations of the resulting impasse.ObjectiveIn this article, we argue that both of these viewpoints fail to take sufficient account of the problems that exist in estimating low effects and low-effect doses. We have carried out post hoc power analyses on selected published data to illustrate that claims of low-dose effects (or their absence) are often compromised by insufficient statistical power of the chosen experimental design.ConclusionsWe demonstrate that low-dose estimates such as the no observed adverse effect levels derived from statistical hypothesis-testing procedures are dependent on the specific experimental conditions used for testing. Thus, below the statistical detection limit of the experiment, the presence of effects can neither be proven nor ruled out. Common practice is to attempt to establish "doses without effect." However, low-dose estimations in the endocrine-disruptor field could be improved if decisions regarding the toxicologic effect size of relevance formed the starting point of testing procedures. Statistical power considerations could then reveal the resources necessary to demonstrate effect magnitudes of concern.
Presenilins are required for maintenance of neural stem cells in the developing brain
Authors: Woo-Young Kim, Jie Shen
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2008)

The early embryonic lethality of mutant mice bearing germ-line deletions of both presenilin genes precluded the study of their functions in neural development. We therefore employed the Cre-loxP technology to generate presenilin conditional double knockout (PS cDKO) mice, in which expression of both presenilins is inactivated in neural progenitor cells (NPC) or neural stem cells and their derivative neurons and glia beginning at embryonic day 11 (E11). In PS cDKO mice, dividing NPCs labeled by BrdU are decreased in number beginning at E13.5. By E15.5, fewer than 20% of NPCs remain in PS cDKO mice. The depletion of NPCs is accompanied by severe morphological defects and hemorrhages in the PS cDKO embryonic brain. Interkinetic nuclear migration of NPCs is also disrupted in PS cDKO embryos, as evidenced by displacement of S-phase and M-phase nuclei in the ventricular zone of the telencephalon. Furthermore, the depletion of neural progenitor cells in PS cDKO embryos is due to NPCs exiting cell cycle and differentiating into neurons rather than reentering cell cycle between E13.5 and E14.5 following PS inactivation in most NPCs. The length of cell cycle, however, is unchanged in PS cDKO embryos. Expression of Notch target genes, Hes1 and Hes5, is significantly decreased in PS cDKO brains, whereas Dll1 expression is up-regulated, indicating that Notch signaling is effectively blocked by PS inactivation. These findings demonstrate that presenilins are essential for neural progenitor cells to re-enter cell cycle and thus ensure proper expansion of neural progenitor pool during embryonic neural development.
Sensitivity and specificity of exercise ECG in heart disease
Authors: K. Barraclough
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In a cohort of patients considered (and proved) to be at high risk of angina, exercise electrocardiography (ECG) had a sensitivity of only 53% for identifying those who would have an acute coronary event in the next 2.5 years.1

At first sight this seems quite low. The American Heart …
Health System Reform: The Case for a Single-Payer Approach
Authors: Melvin H. Kirschner
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The report by Representative McDermott<sup>1</sup>is right on. For all of its shortcomings, the single-party payer is the only way to go. Doctors and patients are being strangled by the present insurance-dominated financing system. I'm tired of the micromanagement by insurance companies that slows the delivery of quality care every step of the way. I'm shocked by the obscene salaries and perks that insurance executives award themselves. I'm exhausted by the logjam of telephone calls and the mountain of paperwork mandated by insurance companies in order to treat managed care patients. I'm offended by the implication that I don't know how and when to order tests and make referrals in order to provide patients with high-quality, cost-effective care. Representative McDermott is right! If we get rid of the insurance companies, we'll have plenty of money to pay for patient care by "reducing administrative cost to its
Pear-Shaped ('Teardrop') Configuration of the Urinary Bladder
Authors: Sadashiv S. Shenoy
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>History</h3> A 63-year-old man was admitted with an eight-month history of hypertension, anemia, and bilateral pedal edema. Physical examination revealed a firm mass in the right upper quadrant and bilateral pedal edema. The liver was slightly enlarged. Laboratory studies disclosed the following values: hemoglobin, 11.2 g/ dL; hematocrit, 33%; urinalysis, negative; lactic dehydrogenase, slightly elevated to 728 μmole/min; and alkaline phosphatase, slightly elevated to 105 μmole/min. An excretory urogram was obtained (Fig 1). <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Renal carcinoma with invasion and obstruction of the inferior vena cava. <h3>Comment</h3> An excretory urogram shows a mass in the middle and lower poles of the right kidney with distortion of the calices. The lower ureters are medially displaced, and the urinary bladder is pear-shaped with elevation of its base. Nephrotomography showed the renal mass to be solid. The evidence of a solid renal mass with a pear-shaped urinary bladder should suggest renal cell carcinoma invading
Clinical Remission of Primary Aggressive CD8<sup>+</sup>Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma After Pralatrexate Infusion
Authors: Francisco A. Kerdel, Andrew Richard Styperek, Archana Maini
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Report of a Case A white male patient in his 60s developed pruritic and painful plaques over his upper body. His medical history included Wegner granulomatosis, which was successfully treated with cyclophosphamide in 2006. He took no medications daily and denied any drug allergies. A drug-related cutaneous eruption was considered at the initial evaluation, and sequential courses of corticosteroids and antibiotics for secondary impetiginizationwere prescribed. Biopsy specimens were sent for hematoxylin-eosin staining and direct immunofluorescence. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed mild epidermal spongiosis with focal vacuolar alteration along the dermoepidermal junction, dyskeratotic cells, focal exocytosis of lymphocytes, extravasated erythrocytes and superficial polymorphous infiltrate, parakeratosis, and intracorneal neutrophils. Immunostains showed a CD3+ population with a 1:1 ratio of CD4 and CD8+ cells. Results from direct immunofluorescence were negative. Overall, findings favored an acute interface inflammatory process. The eruption progressed overmonths into erosions and ulcers with tumors (Figure 1) involvingoralmucosabut sparingpalms and soles. Repeated biopsies for hematoxylin-eosin staining and direct immunofluorescence ruled out a pemphigus-related disorder. The patient also appeared clinically septic and complained of malaise, anorexia, and severe pain in the skin. Hewas admitted for sepsis at a local hospital, underwent fluid resuscitation, and received intravenous antibiotics. Repeated biopsies showed an upper dermal bandlike CD8-predominant lymphocytic infiltrate associated with papillarydermal fibrosis and focal epidermotropismwithatypia. Immunostains showedan inverted ratioofCD4toCD8(1:1-2),withmild decreases in CD7 and CD3 levels, and few epidermotropic CD30+ cells.CD56andgranzymeBstainedmononuclearcells,but therewas no CD57 staining. Insufficient tissue precluded T-cell rearrangement studies. Although our differential included MuchaHabermann disease, clinicopathologic correlation favored primary aggressiveCD8+cutaneousT-cell lymphoma(CTCL)—specifically, the patient did not develop fever until months later; cutaneous lesions didnot resolvespontaneously; several tumorsdevelopedontheskin; andarthritis, hemoptysis, orgastrointestinal tractbleedingwereabsent; however, oral mucosa was affected. Findings from flowcytometry showednoevidenceof lymphoproliferative disorder, and a positron emission tomography– computer tomography (PET/CT) scan demonstrated skin involvement without nodal or visceral involvement.
Antidepressants and Pregnancy
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal