tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5540: Clarithromycin Attenuates Periodontal Bacteria-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms With Altered Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases
Authors: Norio Aoyama, Jun-Ichi Suzuki, Masahito Ogawa, Yuichi Izumi, Yasunobu Hirata, Mitsuaki Isobe
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity is known to be up-regulated in the abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Periodontopathic bacteria were detected at a high rate of specimens of aortic walls from AAA patients. A major macrolide antibiotic, clarithromycin (CAM) has many biological functions including MMP regulation. However, little is known about the effect of CAM in AAA via MMPs. Thus, our purpose was to clarify the role of MMPs regulated by CAM in the progression of periodontopathic bacteria-induced AAA. Methods and results: AAA was produced by periaortic application of 0.25M CaCl2 and subcutaneous infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). We administered CAM (100mg/kg) to mice with AAA once a day for 28 days after CaCl2 application. After the infection with Pg, the plasma level of anti-Pg immunoglobulin-G was increased 2.1-fold (once infected) to 4.0-fold (repeatedly-infected) than the native. Four weeks after application of CaCl2, vehicle-treated mice showed the significant increase in aortic diameter (71±5%). However, CAM treatment significantly suppressed AAA development (12±1%). The CAM-treated mice showed the suppressed plasma level of MMP-9 (71±44 ng/ml) compared to control mice (91±22 ng/ml) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). As a compensatory action, the CAM-treated mice also exhibited less plasma level of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 (1.96 ng/ml) than control (2.29 ng/ml) by ELISA. Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that CAM prevented Pg-induced AAA development through the suppression of macrophage derived MMP production. Therefore, CAM could be clinically applicable for prevention of AAA development.
Prolonged activity of inhaled treprostinil prodrug nanoparticles in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Franziska Leifer, Donna Omiatek, Vladimir Malinin, Jane Ong, Zhili Li, Paul Klecha, Richard Chapman, Dan Salvail, Charles Laurent, Walter Perkins
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction : Inhaled treprostinil (Tyvaso™) for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is dosed 4 times daily. In an effort to reduce dosing frequency, the effects of inhaled treprostinil ester prodrugs (TPD) formulated in lipid nanoparticles (LNP) were studied in a rat model of acute hypoxia-induced hypertension.   Methods : TPDs were synthetized by addition of alkyl chains to the carboxyl group, and their conversion to TRE was assessed  in vitro  in aqueous media and in homogenized lung tissue. For  in vivo  studies, anesthetized-ventilated rats were monitored for pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), systemic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) under hypoxic conditions (FIO 2 ∼0.10, SaO 2 ∼50 %) before and after nebulization of the drugs. Drug concentration in blood samples and lungs excised at the end of the study were measured using LC/MS/MS analysis.   Results : TPDs improved retention of TRE in LNP. The conversion of TPD to active TRE was slow and chain-length dependent. In rats, nebulized TPD (15 nmole/kg), unlike TRE, had significant reductions in PAP that persisted well beyond 2h. The long-chain TPD formulations (alkyl chains of lengths C12, C14, and C16) exhibited greater bioactivity at relatively low levels of TRE in the blood and high concentrations of TPDs in the lungs.   Conclusions : In a rat model of acute hypoxia-induced hypertension, inhaled LNP formulations of treprostinil prodrug demonstrate an extended duration of activity compared to the free form of TRE. The longer chain prodrugs of treprostinil (C12, C14, and C16) exhibit the greater duration in activity and are the focus of additional investigations to assess longer term PK.
Comparison of pulmonary and systemic effects of adenosine triphosphate in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease--ATP: a pulmonary controlled vasoregulator?
Authors: SJ Gaba, C Prefaut
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

During stepwise incremental intravenous adenosine triphosphate (ATP) infusion, systemic and pulmonary vascular effects were compared in 10 patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pulmonary vasodilation was: 1) predominant and maximal as early as the lowest dose infusion (0.1 mumol.kg-1.min-1) with pulmonary arterial mean pressure (Ppa) (-16%; p less than 0.01) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) decreases (-28%; p less than 0.005) and simultaneous increasing delta PVR/delta SVR ratio; 2) associated with worsening hypoxaemia (-14%; p less than 0.001), but also with increasing alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (P(A-a)O2) and venous admixture (Qs/Qt) suggesting some inhibition of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Systemic vasodilation was: 1) clearly dose-dependent, but only reached significant level at 0.2 mumol.kg-1.min-1 with systemic arterial mean pressure (Psa) (-12.5%; p less than 0.05) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) decreases (-30%; p less than 0.01); 2) associated with arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) decrease (-12.5%; p less than 0.005) and recurring uncontrollable hyperpnoea, suggesting a ventilatory stimulatory effect of ATP in man. In patients with stable COPD, ATP infusion has dual acute haemodynamic effects depending on the dose-level. The predominant pulmonary vasodilating effect occurs as early as the lowest dose-levels without any further increase of pulmonary vasodilation. This contrasts with the dose-related systemic vasodilation effect. Such a dual haemodynamic effect is an indirect indication of in vivo lung metabolism of ATP.
Religiosity as a Protective Factor in Depressive Disorder
Authors: L. Miller, V. Warner, P. Wickramaratne, M. Weissman, A. Braam, A. T. F. Beekman, D. J. H. Deeg, J. H. Smit, W. Van Tilburg, H. G. Koenig, L. K. George
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)
Cancer Mortality Among Nuns: Role of Marital Status in Etiology of Neoplastic Disease in Women
Authors: Jr Jf Fraumeni, JW Lloyd, EM Smith, JK Wagoner
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

To clarify the role of marital status in human carcinogenesis, a study was conducted of the cancer mortality experience of 31,658 white Catholic nuns belonging to 41 religious orders in the United States from 1900–54. Cause-specific comparisons were made with the national white female population. The total cancer mortality rate among nuns was somewhat lower than that of controls up to the older ages, when it became appreciably higher. The pattern for cancer of reproductive sites was consistent with the relation of cancers of the breast, corpus uteri and ovary (higher frequencies among nuns) to infertility, and cancer of the cervix (a much lower frequency among nuns) to coital factors. Furthermore, cancer of the large intestine showed an excess frequency among nuns, especially at postmenopausal ages. In combination with other observations, this finding implicates an effect of marital status and infertility on this site of cancer and suggests that in some women cancers of the large intestine and certain reproductive sites may share pathogenic mechanisms of a hormonal nature.
Imipramine treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia: dose ranging and plasma level-response relationships
Authors: M R Mavissakalian, J M Perel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The aim of this study was to characterize the specific effects of imipramine in the treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia and to delineate dose-response and possibly plasma level-response relationships.Eighty patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia were randomly assigned, for an 8-week, double-blind dose-ranging trial, to placebo or to a weight-adjusted dose of imipramine: (low) 0.5 mg/kg per day, (medium) 1.5 mg/kg per day, or (high) 3.0 mg/kg per day. Plasma levels of imipramine and N-methylimipramine, patients' and clinicians' ratings of panic and phobic symptoms, and response to treatment according to operationalized criteria were ascertained after 4 and 8 weeks.Rates of dropouts due to drug side effects were 6%, 15%, and 36% in the low-, medium-, and high-dose groups, respectively; 63 patients completed the study. Compliance with the drug regimen was high. There was a positive dose-response relationship, with significant group differences involving primarily the high- and medium-dose groups versus the placebo group. There were no significant differences between the placebo and low-dose groups or the medium- and high-dose groups. For phobias, the best total drug plasma level was in the range of 110-140 ng/ml; higher levels had a detrimental effect. For panic, the probability of response increased quickly with greater plasma levels and then tapered off, with no improvement at levels beyond 140 ng/ml.The results provide strong evidence that imipramine has specific, clinically significant effects in this disorder, with practical implications for target doses and optimal plasma concentrations, and suggest that different mechanisms underlie the drug's antipanic and antiphobic effects.
Cell-Surface Changes in a Ricinus communis Toxin (Ricin)-Resistant Variant of a Murine Lymphoma2
Authors: James C. Robbins, Robert Hyman, Valerie Stallings, Garth L. Nicolson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

A variant of the murine lymphoma cell line BW5147 that was 250 times more resistant than the parent to Ricinus communis II agglutinin (RCAII, ricin) toxicity (measured in the absence of serum) was selected by repeated exposure of cells to increasing concentrations of the lectin. Quantitative binding of the lectin, however, was decreased by only 30–40% in the variant. In contrast with several reported lectin-resistant variants, most surface glycoproteins on the parental and variant cell surfaces were similar, as judged by electrophoresis after lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination and RCAI-affinity chromatography. Surface studies showed that an RCAI- and RCAII-binding protein of about 80,000 daltons on the surfaces of parental cells is altered on the variant cells to a form with a lower apparent molecular weight. We suggested that this protein is important for entry of RCAII molecules in parental cells, but that its altered form on the variant cells no longer mediates efficient RCAII uptake, thus imparting toxin resistance. In addition, a protein of approximately 35,000 daltons, which does not bind RCAu is weakly lactoperoxidase-iodinated on parental but not variant cells.
Clinical and epidemiological comparison of patients affected by palmoplantar plaque psoriasis and palmoplantar pustulosis: a case series study
Authors: A.M.G. Brunasso, M. Puntoni, W. Aberer, C. Delfino, L. Fancelli, C. Massone
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Summary Background In 2007 the International Psoriasis Council proposed that palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) should be considered a separate condition from psoriasis, despite the presence of certain phenotypes common in both diseases. Objectives To describe and compare demographic and clinical characteristics among patients with PPP and palmoplantar plaque psoriasis. Methods This was a retrospective case series study from 2005 to 2010. The following data were obtained: age, sex, family history, smoking habits, nail involvement, joint involvement, disease duration, lesion morphology (plaque or pustular), histological diagnosis, comorbidities, and Physician's Global Assessment (PGA) score for extrapalmoplantar lesions. The sample size calculation indicated that 80 patients, 40 patients for each group (palmoplantar plaque psoriasis and PPP) were needed to see clinically relevant differences between groups. Results Ninety patients were selected, 51 with palmoplantar plaque psoriasis and 39 with PPP. No statistically significant differences were registered between patients affected by PPP and palmoplantar plaque psoriasis as regards age at onset of the disease (48 vs. 44 years; P = 0·4), disease duration (6 vs. 10 years; P = 0·1), family history of psoriasis (28% vs. 33%; P = 0·7), concomitant arthritis (26% vs. 25%; P = 1·0), or smoking habits (54% vs. 41%; P = 0·2). We observed a female predominance (P = 0·01) and a lesser frequency of nail involvement (P = 0·03) in patients affected by PPP. Conclusions Our data suggest a close relationship between PPP and psoriasis. The existing data concerning epidemiology, clinical presentation, genetics, histopathology and pathogenesis do not permit a clear distinction between these two entities, which seem to coincide in many aspects. PPP appears to have a marked predilection among female smokers.
Standardized tuberculosis treatment outcome monitoring in Europe. Recommendations of a Working Group of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the European Region of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) for uniform reporting by cohort analysis of treatment outcome in tuberculosis patients
Authors: J Veen, M Raviglione, HL Rieder, GB Migliori, P Graf, M Grzemska, R Zalesky
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1998)

Consensus-based recommendations have been developed by a Working Group of the World Health Organisation (WHO) and the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (IUATLD) on uniform reporting of tuberculosis (TB) treatment outcome data in countries in Europe. The main purpose of treatment monitoring is to find out how many of the potential infectious TB patients notified were declared cured at the end of treatment. Following the uniform case definitions as defined in 1996, emphasis is placed on cohort analysis of definite cases of pulmonary TB. The Working Group recommends using a minimal set of six mutually exclusive categories of treatment outcome: cure, treatment completed, failure, death, treatment interrupted, and transfer out. More detailed subsets may be chosen. Treatment outcome is expressed as a percentage of the total number of cases notified. Analysis should be separate for new and retreatment cases. Treatment outcome data have to be collected at the local level and passed on to regional and national authorities on an ongoing basis. Evaluation of treatment results becomes, preferably, an inbuilt component of national monitoring of programme performance. Because of the long duration of treatment, it is recommended that analysis is carried out in the first quarter of the calendar year that follows a full year after the last patient was enrolled. Feedback is essential. Treatment outcome results should become an inseparable part of the annual report on tuberculosis.
Hydatid cyst diagnosed on computed tomography (CT) guided needle biopsy of thoracic lesions
Authors: Mehrdad Bakhashayeshkaram, Pooyeh Graili, Soheyla Zahirifard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: CT-guided biopsy provides results in a short period and can be applied on outpatient and even high risk patients however; some studies do not recommend it in lesions with benign histology probability.

Objectives: To report our experience regarding hydatid cyst diagnosis on CT-guided biopsy and to identify the complication rate of procedure.

Materials and methods: We evaluated 99 CT-guided biopsies of infected thoracic lesions performed to investigate hydatid cyst masses from March 2004 to December 2008, retrospectively. All biopsies were performed by one radiologist by westcott needle number 20 and 18. The CT scans were assessed by a trained general practitioner for the size and location of lesions and pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum diagnosis and then all CT scans were double checked by the same radiologist. Lesions considered infection and their differentiations based on pathology reports.

Results: During four year study 6 hydatid cysts (3 male and 3 female) were found with the men age 49.83 years (ranging: 25-81). The mean diameter of lesions and lesion distance to chest wall were 4.083 cm (range: 1 to 6) and 0.417 cm (range: 0 to 1.5), respectively. In these cases, 3 (50%) hydatid cyst were located in left lower lobe, 2 (33.3%) in left upper lobe and 1 (16.7%) in mediastinum. Pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum as complications did not present in any case.

Conclusion: CT-guided needle biopsy seems to be safe and feasible diagnostic modality with low risk probability of complications for hydatid cysts.
New Method for Detection of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus. I. Influence of Foster Nursing on Incidence of Hyperplastic Mammary Nodules in BALB/cCrgl Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Satyabrata Nandi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

Journal Article New Method for Detection of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus. I. Influence of Foster Nursing on Incidence of Hyperplastic Mammary Nodules in BALB/cCrgl Mice Get access Satyabrata Nandi Satyabrata Nandi Department of Zoology and its Cancer Research Genetics Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 31, Issue 1, July 1963, Pages 57–73, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/31.1.57 Published: 01 July 1963 Article history Received: 07 January 1963 Published: 01 July 1963
Combination of parenteral and oral immunotherapy in grass pollen‐allergic children
Authors: N. S. Trede, R. Urbanek
Journal: Allergy (1989)

Twenty patients with a proven sensitization to grass pollens were treated with parenteral “priming” and subsequently with either oral “booster” ( n ‐10) or placebo ( n =10) extension course. The study was carried out in a double‐blind manner. Cumulative preseasonal parenteral dosage was 3,100 NU (Noon Units), patients in the oral group subsequently received 123.9 mg of grass pollen extract during the pollen season. No side effects were noted after intake of the oral preparation. No significant differences (95% confidence interval) were noted comparing results of in vivo (skin prick test and conjunctival provocation test) and in vivo tests (specific serum IgE‐ And IgG‐antibodies) between the two groups. Analysis of symptom and medication scores as well as subjective assessment of patients revealed no superiority of oral “booster” over placebo. Data obtained in this study does not support the concept of combined parenteral and oral treatment. This is in contrast to work reported previously.
Discussing Adjuvant Cancer Therapy
Authors: Natasha Leighl, Melina Gattellari, Phyllis Butow, Richard Brown, Martin H.N. Tattersall
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To document the adequacy of patient information in oncology consultations concerning adjuvant therapy and explore predictors of physician communication patterns, treatment decisions, patient information recall, and satisfaction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of audiotapes and verbatim transcripts of 101 initial adjuvant therapy consultations with medical and radiation oncologists was undertaken. Content analysis, data on communication patterns, treatment decisions, patient anxiety, satisfaction, and information recall were collected. Predictors of physician communication, treatment decisions, recall, and satisfaction with the consultation were identified. RESULTS: The majority of patients were well informed of their prognosis, benefits and risks of therapy, and alternative management options. Only half were asked about preferences for information or decision-making involvement. Predictors of information detail given include patient sex, age, occupation, and education. Radiation and medical oncologists express prognosis and treatment benefit using similar phrases. When offered the chance to delay decision-making, most patients do so (P &lt; .01). Final treatment decisions appear to be influenced by the presentation of choice in treatment options by the oncologist and whether the treatment decision was made during the initial consultation (P &lt; .01). Information recall was not influenced by communication factors. Patients receiving less detailed information had slightly higher satisfaction with the consultation (P = .03). More anxious patients tended to be less satisfied (P = .07). CONCLUSION: The optimal way to discuss adjuvant therapy is undefined. More emphasis can be placed on soliciting patient preferences for information and decision-making involvement and tailoring both to the needs of the individual patient. Providing choice in treatment and delaying decision-making may affect the patient’s treatment decision.
Genetic evidence for a new type of major histocompatibility complex class II combined immunodeficiency characterized by a dyscoordinate regulation of HLA-D alpha and beta chains.
Authors: J Douhan, I Hauber, M M Eibl, L H Glimcher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II combined immunodeficiency (CID), also known as type II bare lymphocyte syndrome, is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder characterized by the complete lack of expression of MHC class II antigens. The defect results from a coordinated lack of transcription of all class II genes. Cell fusion studies using many patient- and experimentally derived class II-negative cell lines have identified four distinct genetic complementation groups. In this report, we present genetic evidence that cell lines derived from two newly described MHC class II-deficient patients, KER and KEN, represent a fifth complementation group. In addition, the KER and KEN cell lines display a unique pattern of dyscoordinate regulation of their MHC class II genes, which is reflected in a new phenotype of in vivo promoter occupancy as revealed by in vivo genomic footprinting. These data point to a new defect that can result in the MHC class II-deficient phenotype.
Essential Design Considerations for Microporous Implants: Preliminary Communication
Authors: Hugh U Cameron
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

The introduction of microporous metallic implants into which bone can grow to stabilize the implant has necessitated considerable work prior to clinical studies. Ten years of bench and animal testing have resulted in a clinically available prosthesis with a multilayer porous coating with a pore size of 50–300 μ. Initial clinical trials with a 50–100 μ hip prosthesis indicated the necessity to increase the pore size to 300 μ and clinical studies of such prostheses are at present underway.