tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Chemotherapy After Lobectomy for T1–2N0 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Are the Guidelines Supported?
Authors: Paul J. Speicher, Lin Gu, Xiaofei Wang, Matthew G. Hartwig, Thomas A. D'Amico, Mark F. Berry
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

Background: Evidence guiding adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) use after lobectomy for stage I non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is limited. This study evaluated the impact of AC use and tumor size on outcomes using a large, nationwide cancer database. Methods: The effect of AC on long-term survival among patients who underwent lobectomy for margin-negative pathologic T1–2N0M0 NSCLC in the National Cancer Data Base from 2003 to 2006 was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The specific tumor size threshold at which AC began providing benefit was estimated with multivariable Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results: Overall 3,496 of 34,360 patients (10.2%) who met inclusion criteria were treated with AC, although AC use increased over time from 2003, when only 2.7% of patients with tumors less than 4 cm and 6.2% of patients with tumors of 4 cm or larger received AC. In unadjusted survival analysis, AC was associated with a significant 5-year survival benefit for patients with tumors less than 4 cm (74.3% vs 66.9%; P<.0001) and 4 cm or greater (64.8% vs 49.8%; P<.0001). In subanalyses of patients grouped by strata of 0.5-cm increments in tumor size, AC was associated with a survival advantage for tumor sizes ranging from 3.0 to 8.5 cm. Conclusions: Use of AC among patients with stage I NSCLC has increased over time but remains uncommon. The results of this study support current treatment guidelines that recommend AC use after lobectomy for stage I NSCLC tumors larger than 4 cm. These results also suggest that AC use is associated with superior survival for patients with tumors ranging from 3.0 to 8.5 cm in diameter.
Ketoconazole in the management of paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome secondary to ectopic adrenocorticotropin production.
Authors: E W Winquist, J Laskey, M Crump, F Khamsi, F A Shepherd
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ketoconazole treatment in the management of patients with paraneoplastic Cushing's syndrome (CS) secondary to ectopic adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) production by malignant neoplasms (ECS).A retrospective chart review was undertaken for 15 consecutive patients with ECS treated with ketoconazole. Strict criteria were defined for diagnosis of ECS and for clinical, biochemical, and hormonal responses.There were four women and 11 men with a median age of 59 years (range, 44 to 84). Eleven patients had primary lung cancer (nine small-cell [SCLC], one mixed SCLC/non-SCLC, and one non-SCLC); two had carcinoid tumors (one bronchial, one pancreatic); one had hepatocellular carcinoma; and one had medullary carcinoma of the thyroid. Eight patients had ECS diagnosed at tumor presentation. Clinical findings included proximal muscle weakness (n = 10), peripheral edema (n = 8), and hypertension (n = 8). Biochemical abnormalities included hypokalemia (n = 14), metabolic alkalosis (n = 13), and new or worsened diabetes mellitus (n = 10). Patients received ketoconazole in dosages of 400 to 1,200 mg/d titrated by changes in urinary free-cortisol (UFC) levels for a median duration of 26 days (range, 3 to 1,059), and nine also received chemotherapy with ketoconazole. Hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension improved in the majority of patients. Ten patients had a hormonal response, with seven complete responses (median duration, 25 days; range, 6 to 989). The occurrence of symptomatic hypoadrenalism was definite in three patients and probable in one. Most patients died of progressive malignant disease accompanied by escape from hormonal control by ketoconazole. The median survival duration of the group was 19 weeks (range, 1 to 154).Ketoconazole results in biochemical and hormonal improvement for most patients with ECS. It has few adverse effects, but may impair the cortisol response to stress. For that reason, replacement corticosteroids should be considered for patients with hormonal response, and moderate- to high-dose corticosteroids should be given for any potential stress situations. The ultimate control of the syndrome is dependent on successful treatment of the underlying tumor.
Specific Monoclonal Antibodies against Leukocyte-restricted Cell Surface Molecule CD43 React with Nonhematopoietic Tumor Cells
Authors: Manuel Santamaría, Antonio López-Beltrán, Mariano Toro, José Peña, Ignacio J. Molina
Journal: Cancer Research (1996)

CD43 is the major sialoglycoprotein found on the surface of cells of hemopoietic origin. Because CD43 is a typical member of the surface mucins, molecules that play a relevant role in tumor progression, we have addressed the expression of CD43 in nonhematopoietic tumor cells. For this purpose, we have tested a broad panel of anti-CD43 antibodies on tumors of different embryonic origins. Of the 17 anti-CD43 mAbs used, 9 reacted with leukocytes in paraffin-fixed formalin-embedded lymph node tissues. Two mAbs, BS1 and L10, stained 24 out of 31 (78%) nonhematopietic tumors analyzed; i.e. , some tumors were positive for both anti-bodies, and others were positive for either L10 or BS1. We have also found reactivity of these two anti-CD43 mAbs in 13 out of 20 metastases studied.
The wide spectrum of clinical expression in Adams-Oliver syndrome: a report of two cases
Authors: None Mempel, None Abeck, None Lange, None Strom, None Caliebe, None Beham, None Kautza, None Worret, None Neubauer, None Ring, None Schröder, None Fölster-Holst
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Two children are described with the combination of aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) and transverse limb defects known as Adams–Oliver syndrome. Whereas in the first child the typical features of ACC, syndactyly and transverse nail dystrophy were only mildly expressed and associated defects of the central nervous system and cardiac malformations were absent, the second child suffered from a very severe expression of the syndrome, with a combination of ACC, syndactyly, cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita and multiple cardiac and central nervous system malformations which resulted in fatal central respiratory insufficiency.
Cerebellar Gliomas in Children2
Authors: Ken Winston, Floyd H. Gilles, Alan Leviton, Anita Fulchiero
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

We studied the relationship of histologic features to survival in a population of 132 children with cerebellar gliomas (excluding medulloblastomas). These children had their initial tumor operation at The Children's Hospital Medical Center of Boston between 1927 and 1968. A classification system that accentuates differences in survival was derived on the basis of clustering of histologic features and survival. This division was supported by the existence of differentially distributed symptoms and signs and by differences in resectability. The two major subgroups of cerebellar gliomas had different patterns of clinical characteristics. Cerebellar glioma A had any of the four histologic features of microcyst, leptomeningeal deposit, Rosenthal fiber, or focus of oligodendroglia; children with glioma A had a 10-year survival rate of 94%. Glioma B, encompassing the histologic features of perivascular pseudorosette, high cell density, necrosis, mitosis, and calcification, was clearly defined but histologically less uniform; children with glioma B had a 10-year survival rate of 29%. These two groups accounted for 90% of the cerebellar gliomas in childhood.
High CR and near-CR rate with bortezomib incorporated into up-front therapy of multiple myeloma with tandem transplants
Authors: B. Barlogie, E. Anaissie, V. Bolejack, M. Zangari, F. Van Rhee, J. Shaughnessy, K. Hollmig, M. Pineda-Roman, J. Crowley, G. Tricot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

7519 Background: Tandem autotransplants have increased complete response (CR) rates and extended event-free survival (EFS) and overall survival (OS) in multiple myeloma (MM). Because of its remarkable efficacy in end-stage disease and to further increase CR and thereby improving EFS and OS, bortezomib (Velcade, V) was incorporated into Total Therapy 3 (TT3), both with DT-PACE combination chemotherapy (dex, thalidomide, cis-platin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, etoposide) as induction prior to and consolidation after transplant. Methods: TT3 has accrued 247 of a target population of 300 patients; median follow-up is 16 months. Twenty-seven percent of patients were 65 yr and older; cytogenetic abnormalities (CA) were present in 31% and inter-phase FISH-based deletion 13 in 42%. Results: Median times to 1st and 2nd transplants were 3 mo and 5 mo, with projected completion rates of 95% and 82%. The cumulative frequency of CR plus near-CR was 50% at 6 mo, 75% at 12 mo, reaching 80% at 18 mo. Blood stem cells were readily procured, yielding ≥20 million CD34 cells/kg in &gt; 95%. At 12 mo, 91% are alive and 89% event-free. Relapse has occurred in 29 patients, whose distinguishing features included age ≥ 65 yr (48% vs 24%, p = .005), abnormal cytogenetics (CA, 48% vs. 29%, p = .03) and LDH &gt; ULN (48% vs 23%, p = .004). Among 21 deaths, baseline features were: creatinine &gt;4 mg/dL in 4; age ≥ 65 yr in 11; PS &gt; 3 in 5 and PS &gt; 2 in 4; CRP &gt; 10 mg/L in 9 patients. Conclusions: Introducing V in TT3 as part of combination chemotherapy is safe, permits robust stem cell collection and induces remarkably high CR plus near-CR rates. High-risk MM features such as CA and LDH, defined in Total Therapies 1 and 2, also appeared detrimental with TT3. [Table: see text]
Fcγ Receptor IIIa Single‐Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Haplotypes Affect Human IgG Binding and Are Associated With Lupus Nephritis in African Americans
Authors: Chaoling Dong, Travis S. Ptacek, David T. Redden, Kui Zhang, Elizabeth E. Brown, Jeffrey C. Edberg, Gerald McGwin, Graciela S. Alarcón, Rosalind Ramsey‐Goldman, John D. Reveille, Luis M. Vilá, Michelle Petri, Aijian Qin, Jianming Wu, Robert P. Kimberly
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2013)

To investigate whether the Fcγ receptor IIIa-66L/R/H (FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H) polymorphism influences net effective receptor function and to assess if the FCGR3A combined genotypes formed by FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H and FcγRIIIa-176F/V, as well as copy number variation (CNV), confer risk of developing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis.FcγRIIIa variants, expressed on A20 IIA1.6 cells, were used in flow cytometry-based human IgG-binding assays. Using Pyrosequencing methodology, FCGR3A single-nucleotide polymorphism and CNV genotypes were determined in a cohort of 1,728 SLE patients and 2,404 healthy controls.The FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H (rs10127939) polymorphism influenced ligand binding capacity in the presence of the FcγRIIIa-176V (rs396991) allele. There was a trend toward an association of the low-binding FcγRIIIa-176F allele with lupus nephritis among African Americans (P = 0.0609) but not among European Americans (P > 0.10). Nephritis among African American patients with SLE was associated with FcγRIIIa low-binding haplotypes containing the 66L/R/H and 176F variants (P = 0.03) and with low-binding genotype combinations (P = 0.002). No association was observed among European American patients with SLE. The distribution of FCGR3A CNV was not significantly different among controls and SLE patients with or without nephritis.FcγRIIIa-66L/R/H influences ligand binding. The low-binding haplotypes formed by 66L/R/H and 176F confer enhanced risk of lupus nephritis in African Americans. FCGR3A CNVs are not associated with SLE or lupus nephritis in either African Americans or European Americans.
Randomized trial of alternating versus sequential radiotherapy/chemotherapy in limited-disease patients with small-cell lung cancer: a European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Lung Cancer Cooperative Group Study.
Authors: A Gregor, P Drings, J Burghouts, P E Postmus, D Morgan, T Sahmoud, A Kirkpatrick, O Dalesio, G Giaccone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of alternating or sequential schedules of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, and etoposide (CDE) chemotherapy and irradiation in patients with previously untreated small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 335 eligible patients were randomized between five courses of CDE chemotherapy followed by thoracic irradiation 50 Gy in 20 daily fractions (S) and the same total dose of chemotherapy and irradiation split into four courses of five daily fractions delivered on days 14 to 21 of the second and subsequent chemotherapy courses (A). Patients had a median age of 61 years (range, 33 to 75); 224 (66%) were male; the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) was 0 or 1 in 311; and 254 had weight loss less than 10%. RESULTS The overall median survival duration was 15 months, with 62% (95% confidence interval [CI], 57% to 67%) 1-year, 25% (95% CI, 20% to 30%) 2-year, and 14% (95% CI, 10% to 18%) 3-year survival rates. There was no significant difference between the arms. The median survival time was 14 months in A and 15 months in S. One-year survival was 60% in A (95% CI, 53% to 67%) and 64% in S (95% CI, 57% to 71%); 2-year survival was 26% in A (95% CI, 19% to 33%) and 23% in S (95% CI, 16% to 30%); and 3-year survival was 12% in A (95% CI, 6% to 18%) and 15% in S (95% CI, 9% to 21%). World Health Organization (WHO) grade 3 and 4 neutropenia occurred in 90% of A and 77% of S patients (P &lt; .001) and WHO grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia in 33% of A and 20% of S patients (P &lt; .001). Rates of other acute and late toxicities were similar in both arms. Hematologic toxicity compromised treatment dose delivery; less than 50% of A patients received greater than 95% of prescribed chemotherapy and 77% their full radiation course, compared with 60% and 93% for arm S (P &lt; .009). Local relapse was the site of first failure in 60% of all patients and 75% of these suffered an in-field relapse; no difference could be seen between the two arms. CONCLUSION This trial failed to confirm the superiority of an alternating schedule of delivery. For this combination of chemotherapy and irradiation, hematologic toxicity compromised treatment delivery and could have contributed to the overall result. The poor rates of local control are disappointing and require intensification of the radiation therapy strategy.
Octreotide Acetate Long-Acting Formulation Versus Open-Label Subcutaneous Octreotide Acetate in Malignant Carcinoid Syndrome
Authors: Joseph Rubin, Jaffer Ajani, William Schirmer, Alan P. Venook, Ronald Bukowski, Rodney Pommier, Leonard Saltz, Paresh Dandona, Lowell Anthony
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: Subcutaneous (SC) octreotide acetate effectively relieves the diarrhea and flushing associated with carcinoid syndrome but requires long-term multiple injections daily. A microencapsulated long-acting formulation (LAR) of octreotide acetate has been developed for once-monthly intramuscular dosing. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A randomized trial compared double-blinded octreotide LAR at 10, 20, and 30 mg every 4 weeks with open-label SC octreotide every 8 hours for the treatment of carcinoid syndrome. Seventy-nine patients controlled with treatment of SC octreotide 0.3 to 0.9 mg/d whose symptoms returned during a washout period and who returned for at least the week 20 evaluation constituted the efficacy-assessable population. RESULTS: Complete or partial treatment success was comparable in each of the four arms of the study (SC, 58.3%; 10 mg, 66.7%; 20 mg, 71.4%; 30 mg, 61.9%; P ≥ .72 for all pairwise comparisons). Control of stool frequency was similar in all treatment groups. Flushing episodes were best controlled in the 20-mg LAR and SC groups; the 10-mg LAR treatment was least effective in the control of flushing. Treatment was well tolerated by patients in all four groups. CONCLUSION: Once octreotide steady-state concentrations are achieved, octreotide LAR controls the symptoms of carcinoid syndrome at least as well as SC octreotide. A starting dose of 20 mg of octreotide LAR is recommended. Supplemental SC octreotide is needed for approximately 2 weeks after initiation of octreotide LAR treatment. Occasional rescue SC injections may be required for possibly 2 to 3 months until steady-state octreotide levels from the LAR formulation are achieved.
Abstract 4424: Factors Differ Between Early and Late Restenoses Following Nitinol Stent Implantation in the Superficial Femoral Artery
Authors: Osamu Iida, Shinsuke Nanto, Masaaki Uematsu, Takakazu Morozumi, Tetsuya Watanabe, Masashi Fujita, Masaki Awata, Toshinari Onishi, Fusako Sera, Kuniyasu Ikeoka, Shin Okamoto, Nobuaki Tanaka, Haruyo Yasui, Takayuki Ishihara, Tomoharu Dohi, Tsuyoshi Mishima, Seiki Nagata
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Relationship between bacterial load, morbidity and cagA gene in patients infected by Helicobacter pylori
Authors: S. Belda, J. Saez, M. Santibáñez, J.C. Rodríguez, J. Sola-Vera, M. Ruiz-García, A. Brotons, E. López-Girona, E. Pérez, C. Sillero, G. Royo
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)
Implementation of non-medical prescribing within the clinical cystic fibrosis setting
Authors: Amanda Henry, Emma Forster, Nicholas Bell, Kathryn Bateman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Non-medical prescribing (NMP) aims to provide patients with quicker and more efficient access to medicines by making the best use of the clinical skills of eligible professionals. 2 specialist physiotherapists in our Cystic Fibrosis (CF) centre are qualified as NMP supplementary prescribers.  Objectives: To develop and establish a role for NMP within the adult CF team, with initial implementation through a physiotherapy led inhaled therapy service.  Method: A weekly inhaled therapy clinic run solely by the physiotherapists was set up for first dose trials of inhaled antibiotics and mucolytics. Protocols were written for each drug and referral criteria set. All prescriptions were written by the NMP physiotherapists. Patients were followed up at 1 and 3 months post trial to assess tolerability and adherence. Patient and clinician feedback is being collected.  Results: Over 12 months, there were 275 trial referrals and corresponding appointments given to 121 patients. 14 patients did not attend. 10 different drugs were trialled (n=194 dry powder inhaled antibiotics, 16 nebulised antibiotics, 65 mucolytics). 6 patients failed the first dose trial and 14 stopped the drug by 1 month review (not tolerated=12, adherence= 2). Initial patient and clinician satisfaction with the service is high.  Conclusion: The NMP inhaled therapy clinic has streamlined the process for assessment of new inhaled medications enabling patients to start the drugs promptly. Close follow up of tolerance and adherence to the medication prevents unnecessary prescribing. The NMP role by Physiotherapists is now being further developed through implementation on the wards, in clinic and in the community settings.
Abstract 3278: Noninvasive Home Monitoring of Pulmonary Artery Pressure by the RemonCHF Device: First Multicenter Experience
Authors: Yoseph Rozenman, Mathias C Brandt, Marc Vanderheyden, William Wijns, Horst Sievert, Ricardo Tobar, Uta C Hoppe
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objectives: A reliable method for home monitoring of the pulmonary artery (PA) pressure might be useful to improve the management of patients with CHF. We describe the feasibility, safety and clinical utility of CHF monitoring using acoustic wireless communication with a miniature implant in the PA. Methods : Thirty-eight patients with NYHA class III-IV CHF (age 62.2±2.5 years) were included in a multicenter study. The device was implanted in the right PA using right heart catheterization in 33 suitable patients (due to instability of the implant it was retrieved after implantation in 2 patients). Ultrasonic energy was used for wireless communication and a complete PA pressure curve was recorded daily by patients using a simple, hand-held, home-unit. Home-unit for self monitoring was supplied to 25 patients. Seven patients underwent right heart catheterization at 6 months to assess long term accuracy of pressure measurement. Results : There were no major adverse events related to the implant / implantation procedure (follow-up duration 173±54 days). A total of 3094 home measurement were successfully performed by patients (mean±SD, 124±98). Compliance with daily monitoring was 93±16%. Pressure tracings at 6 months were almost identical to those obtained by Millar catheter (mean difference ± SD, 0.4±3.3mmHg). Variations of PA diastolic pressure were observed in relation to posture (sitting 5.5±4.0 mmHg lower than supine, p&lt;0.001), time of the day and medication schedule. Time trends of PA diastolic pressure documented improved hemodynamics following cardiac resynchronization therapy, detected pressure increase earlier than weight gain, and were helpful to adjust medical therapy. Two admissions for CHF decompensation were associated with a transient increase in PA pressure. Conclusions : Home monitoring of PA pressure using wireless acoustic communication with a miniature implant in the PA is feasible and safe. Patient’s compliance with self monitoring is very good, and reliable accurate data is easily obtained. Data demonstrated the physiological response to therapeutic interventions (medical and device). Daily monitoring might thus be helpful to optimize therapy of CHF, to improve quality of life and to prevent decompensations.
Effects of Diethylstilbestrol and Propylthiouracil on the Rat Pituitary. An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Study&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R V Lloyd, J Mailloux
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The effects of diethylstilbestrol [(DES) CAS: 56-53-1] and propylthiouracil [(PTU) CAS: 51-52-5] on the pituitary glands of female weanling F344 rats were studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Six weeks of PTU treatment resulted in a significant increase in pituitary gland weight and in the percentage of pituitary prolactin (PRL) cells. The percentage of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) cells was slightly increased in PTU-treated rats. DES treatment produced a thirteenfold increase in pituitary gland weight and a significant increase in the percentage of PRL cells as well as in serum PRL levels. Combined PTU-DES treatment increased pituitary gland weight and serum PRL levels, but this increase was less than that observed with only DES treatment. A relative decrease in the percentage of TSH cells was seen after both DES and PTU-DES treatment. Ultrastructural immunohistochemical studies showed two types of PRL cells in the pituitary of all groups. Classical PRL cells with granule diameters of 150-800 nm were most abundant in DES-treated groups, whereas cells with smaller granules, 100-350 nm in diameter, were equally prominent in control groups and after PTU treatment. The results of this study show that while PTU causes a slight increase in pituitary gland weight and in PRL cell numbers, it inhibits estrogen-induced PRL cell hyperplasia. This model can be used to study the effects of PTU on pituitary PRL cell morphology and on the regulation of PRL cell hyperplasia.