tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
To Have Been or Not to Have Been
Authors: Paul M. Walstad
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Was the editorial attempting to pull the reader's leg? The writer among other things stresses brevity in prose writing.<i>Unfortunately</i>, the first and only sentence of the second paragraph contains 114 words! In pulmonary function testing for dyspnea, recitation of this sentence may have merit. Also I agree with the author: "The longer a sentence, the more likely we will lose its point." Maybe this editorial was meant for smile a while. I don't know.
Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: New Momentum
Authors: T. Rabenstein, E. G. Hahn
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Two new papers about post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis appear this month in Endoscopy [1] [2], and a third was published at the end of last year [3]. Studies on post-ERCP pancreatitis seem to be a never-ending story, but is there really so much news? Or does the number of publications reflect, to some extent, a sustained uncertainty in our understanding of this common complication? Probably not, since insights into post-ERCP pancreatitis have grown significantly within the last ten years. The pancreatic gland is a very sensitive organ which needs to be approached delicately, and which has unpredictable and sometimes volatile reactions, with big effects arising from small causes. It is used with increasing freedom in endoscopic therapy compared with interventions in the bile duct. The new indications for ERCP, however, seem to increase the overall risk of pancreatitis, and renewed awareness of the problem is a logical consequence. The discussion about post-ERCP pancreatitis has gained new momentum.
A protocol for oral desensitization in children with IgE‐mediated cow's milk allergy
Authors: P. Meglio, E. Bartone, M. Plantamura, E. Arabito, P. G. Giampietro
Journal: Allergy (2004)

Objectives: To desensitize children with severe immunoglobulin (Ig)E‐mediated cow's milk allergy in a period of 6 months by introducing increasing daily doses of cow's milk (CM) in order to enable the child to assume 200 ml of CM daily, or to induce tolerance of the highest possible CM dose. Study design: Twenty‐one children at least 6 years old with severe IgE‐mediated CM allergy were admitted to the study. A convincing history of IgE‐mediated CM allergy or a positive double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenge with CM confirmed the diagnosis. Oral desensitization was performed with increasing doses starting from 0.06 mg of CM proteins. Results: Overall, 15 of 21 children (71.4%) achieved the daily intake of 200 ml during a 6‐month period; three of 21 children (14.3%) tolerated 40–80 ml/day of undiluted CM; three of 21 children (14.3%) failed the desensitization because they presented allergic symptoms after ingesting minimal amounts of diluted CM. Conclusions: We successfully desensitized 15 of 21 children with severe IgE‐mediated CM allergy in a period of 6 months. We stress the importance of the partial outcome in those three of 21 children who could not reach the maximum amount of 200 ml/day of whole CM, but were able to tolerate 40–80 ml/day of CM. In this way we dramatically reduced the risk of severe reactions after accidental or unnoticed introduction of low quantities of CM. We do not propose generalizing this method beyond trained staff.
Successful isolation of liver progenitor cells by aldehyde dehydrogenase activity in naïve mice
Authors: Laurent Dollé, Jan Best, Christophe Empsen, Jie Mei, Elke Van Rossen, Philip Roelandt, Sarah Snykers, Mustapha Najimi, Feras Al Battah, Neil D. Theise, Konrad Streetz, Etienne Sokal, Isabelle A. Leclercq, Catherine Verfaillie, Vera Rogiers, Albert Geerts, Leo A. van Grunsven
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

The role of progenitor cells in liver repair and fibrosis has been extensively described, but their purification remains a challenge, hampering their characterization and use in regenerative medicine. To address this issue, we developed an easy and reproducible liver progenitor cell (LPC) isolation strategy based on aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, a common feature shared by many progenitor cells. We demonstrate that a subset of nonparenchymal mouse liver cells displays high levels of ALDH activity, allowing the isolation of these cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting. Immunocytochemistry and qPCR analyses on freshly isolated ALDH+ cells reveal an enrichment in cells expressing liver stem cell markers such as EpCAM, CK19, CD133, and Sox9. In culture, the ALDH+ population can give rise to functional hepatocyte-like cells as illustrated by albumin and urea secretion and cytochrome P450 activity. ALDH1A1 expression can be detected in canals of Hering and bile duct epithelial cells and is increased on liver injury. Finally, we showed that the isolation and differentiation toward hepatocyte-like cells of LPCs with high ALDH activity is also successfully applicable to human liver samples. Conclusion: High ALDH activity is a feature of LPCs that can be taken advantage of to isolate these cells from untreated mouse as well as human liver tissues. This novel protocol is practically relevant, because it provides an easy and nontoxic method to isolate liver stem cells from normal tissue for potential therapeutic purposes. (HEPATOLOGY 2012)
Plasma Kallikrein Activation and Inhibition during Typhoid Fever
Authors: Robert W. Colman, Robert Edelman, Cheryl F. Scott, Robert H. Gilman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

As an ancillary part of a typhoid fever vaccine study, 10 healthy adult male volunteers (nonimmunized controls) were serially bled 6 days before to 30 days after ingesting 10(5)Salmonella typhi organisms. Five persons developed typhoid fever 6-10 days after challenge, while five remained well. During the febrile illness, significant changes (P < 0.05) in the following hematological parameters were measured: a rise in alpha(1)-antitrypsin antigen concentration and high molecular weight kininogen clotting activity; a progressive decrease of platelet count (to 60% of the predisease state), functional prekallikrein (55%) and kallikrein inhibitor (47%) with a nadir reached on day 5 of the fever and a subsequent overshoot during convalescence. Despite the drop in functional prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor, there was no change in factor XII clotting activity or antigenic concentrations of prekallikrein and the kallikrein inhibitors, C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) and alpha(2)-macroglobulin. Plasma from febrile patients subjected to immunoelectrophoresis and crossed immunoelectrophoresis contained a new complex displaying antigenic characteristics of both prekallikrein and C1-INH; the alpha(2)-macroglobulin, antithrombin III, and alpha(1)-antitrypsin immunoprecipitates were unchanged. Plasma drawn from infected-well subjects showed no significant change in these components of the kinin generating system. The finding of a reduction in functional prekallikrein and kallikrein inhibitor (C1-INH) and the formation of a kallikrein C1-INH complex is consistent with prekallikrein activation in typhoid fever. The correlation of these changes with the drop in platelet count suggests that a common mechanism may be responsible.
Methyl prednisolone and lung function after cardiopulmonary bypass.
Authors: D H Enderby, A Boylett, D J Parker
Journal: Thorax (1979)

Thirty-one patients who were undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass for elective aortic valve replacement were studied. The effects on some aspects of lung function of intravenous methyl prednisolone, administered immediately before bypass, were assessed by measuring alveolar-arterial oxygen differences and shunt fractions. No significant differences in pulmonary function were found between the treated and control groups. The use of methyl prednisolone in this context is not justified.
Medicare Payment Reform: What Are the Prospects for Internal Medicine?
Authors: David J. Shulkin, John M. Eisenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Editorials15 September 1991Medicare Payment Reform: What Are the Prospects for Internal Medicine?David J. Shulkin, MD, John M. Eisenberg, MDDavid J. Shulkin, MDSearch for more papers by this author, John M. Eisenberg, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-6-493 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe debate over realigning physician fees to provide more equitable payment for services has been years in the making (1-3). Internists have generally welcomed as progressive the plan to restructure Medicare's "customary, prevailing, and reasonable" policy that has paid poorly for office visits and other evaluation and management services compared with payments for procedures. A proposal for a Medicare fee schedule was released in June of this year, and a final version is expected in the fall. It now appears that the increase in fees will be less than internists had hoped at first, but considerable political pressure has been...References1. ShowstackBlumbergSchwartzSchroeder JBJS. Fee-for-service physician payment: analysis of current methods and their development. Inquiry. 1979;16:230-46. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. DelbancoMeyersSegal TKE. Paying the physician's fee: Blue Shield and the reasonable charge. N Engl J Med. 1979;301:1314-20. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. . Medicare payment for physician services. Ann Intern Med. 1987:106:151-63. LinkGoogle Scholar4. HsiaoBraunKellyBecker WPNE. Results, potential effects, and implementation issues Of the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale. JAMA. 1988:260:2429-38. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Physician Payment Review Commission, Annual Report to Congress, 1990. Washington, DC; 1990. Google Scholar6. LevyBorowitzJencksKayWilliams JMSTD. Impact of the Medicare fee schedule on payments to physicians. JAMA. 1990;264:717-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Medicare Program. Fee Schedule for Physicians' Services; Proposed Rule. Part III. Department of Health and Human Services. Federal Register; 5 June 1991:25792-978. Google Scholar8. Eisenberg J. Economics. JAMA. 1991;265:3113-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1991Volume 115, Issue 6Page: 493-494KeywordsFallsMedicare Issue Published: 15 September 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Drugs do not only relieve male menopause
Authors: C. Hernandez-Lopez
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—We welcome the article by Gibbon et al drawing attention to an increasing problem of tinea capitis caused by Trichopyton tonsurans .1 In seeking to document the increase the authors cite that the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre has recorded a 25-fold rise in cases of infection with T tonsurans infection since 1995, and a further doubling of incidence was seen within the first half of 1999. We believe that the magnitude of the rise given by these figures is …
Increases of intracellular magnesium promote glycodeoxycholate-induced apoptosis in rat hepatocytes.
Authors: T Patel, S F Bronk, G J Gores
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Retention of bile salts by the hepatocyte contributes to liver injury during cholestasis. Although cell injury can occur by one of two mechanisms, necrosis versus apoptosis, information is lacking regarding apoptosis as a mechanism of cell death by bile salts. Our aim was to determine if the bile salt glycodeoxycholate (GDC) induces apoptosis in rat hepatocytes. Morphologic assessment included electron microscopy and quantitation of nuclear fragmentation by fluorescent microscopy. Biochemical studies included measurements of DNA fragmentation, in vitro endonuclease activity, cytosolic free Ca2+ (Cai2+), and cytosolic free Mg2+ (Mgi2+). Morphologic studies demonstrated typical features of apoptosis in GDC (50 microM) treated cells. The "ladder pattern" of DNA fragmentation was also present in DNA obtained from GDC-treated cells. In vitro endonuclease activity was 2.5-fold greater with Mg2+ than Ca2+. Although basal Cai2+ values did not change after addition of GDC, Mgi2+ increased twofold. Incubation of cells in an Mg(2+)-free medium prevented the rise in Mgi2+ and reduced nuclear and DNA fragmentation. In conclusion, GDC induces apoptosis in hepatocytes by a mechanism promoted by increases of Mgi2+ with stimulation of Mg(2+)-dependent endonucleases. These data suggest for the first time that changes of Mgi2+ may participate in the program of cellular events culminating in apoptosis.
Abnormality of phospholipid transverse diffusion in sickle erythrocytes.
Authors: A Zachowski, C T Craescu, F Galacteros, P F Devaux
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

We have used spin-labeled analogues of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylserine to compare the transverse diffusion rates of lipids in normal and sickle erythrocytes. The beta-chain of the spin-labeled lipids was a short chain (five carbons) providing the spin labels with a relative water solubility, and hence permitting their rapid incorporation into cell membranes. The orientation of the labeled lipids in the membranes was assayed by selective chemical reduction of the nitroxide labels embedded in the outer leaflet. We have found that all three spin-labeled phospholipids are initially incorporated in the outer leaflet. Upon incubation at 4 degrees C the aminophospholipids, not the phosphatidylcholine, diffuse toward the inner leaflet within 3 h. The transverse diffusion rate of aminophospholipids is reduced by 41% (phosphatidylserine) and 14% (phosphatidylethanolamine) in homozygote sickle cells (SS) when compared with normal cells (AA) or heterozygote cells (AS or SC). At equilibrium the asymmetric distribution of spin-labeled phospholipids resulting from this selective diffusion is also reduced in SS cells when compared with AA, SC, or AS cells. This reduced asymmetry was not found in a reticulocyte-rich blood sample (hemoglobin A), indicating that the age of the cell cannot be responsible for this phenomenon. Moreover, because at low temperatures the sickling process does not occur, the observed perturbations in phospholipid organization reflect preexisting membrane abnormalities in sickle cells. Ghosts loaded with ATP give the same results. Varying the concentration of intracellular calcium had no effect on lipid diffusion, except at very high free calcium concentrations (3 microM) when diffusion was practically abolished. We suggest that membrane protein alterations may be part of the explanation of the observed abnormalities.
A Pediatrician's Guide to Child Behavior Problems
Authors: Susie Reitz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

A mere 1.6 cm thick, this book is loaded with valuable information about prevention, recognition, primary treatment, and referral for the pediatrician or family physician, who these days is expected to know about child behavior problems. In less than 200 pages of text the authors—a psychologist and six pediatricians from St Christopher's Hospital for Children in Philadelphia—cover the basics of child and adolescent behavior problems, with helpful reference listings. Subjects are treated thoroughly, with the authors assuming that the reader has a working background knowledge of children. They offer practical suggestions, citing a number of authorities. Primary and secondary prevention are the two major subjects of this book. The first includes such topics as changes a new child brings to the home; expected ranges of behavior from birth through adolescence; and effects of chronic illness, death, and parental separation and divorce. The second deals with recognition and intervention in
RELATIONSHIPS AMONG SEIZURES, PSYCHOSIS AND PERSONALITY FACTORS
Authors: EDWIN A. WEINSTEIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1959)

In the seizure itself, in the psychosis which may develop, and in other verbal and non-verbal aspects of behavior the patient conceptualizes himself and his problems at different levels of interaction in the environment. The level of interaction is determined by the degree of stresses and/or the particular milieu of brain function. The content of the symbols or language that he uses is that which gives his experience the greatest and most vivid feelings of reality. All symbols take on form and meaning by reason of their place in a pattern of social relatedness and in the disturbance of consciousness associated with the seizure we become unaware of the patterning processes of language, how in language we selectively classify the environment and identify ourselves with cultural values.
Simvastatin improves chylomicron remnant removal in familial combined hyperlipidemia without changing chylomicron conversion
Authors: Manuel Castro Cabezas, Tjerk W.A. de Bruin, Luciënne A.W. Kock, Wouter Kortlandt, Margreet Van Linde-Sibenius Trip, Hans Jansen, D. Willem Erkelens
Journal: Metabolism (1993)
A NEW INSTRUMENT FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF HEMOSTATIC BAGS IN SUPRAPUBIC PROSTATECTOMY
Authors: E. O. Swartz
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The control of hemorrhage following the removal of a prostatic adenoma by either the perineal or the suprapubic approach is the anxious concern of every operator. The popularity of the hemostatic bags of either the Hagner or Pilcher model attests their effectiveness. The use of these bags is almost entirely confined to those who remove the prostatic obstruction suprapubically. The bladder is opened by median section, the adenoma removed by blunt dissection. A special sound with a Benique curve and a notched tip is then introduced through the urethra into the bladder and the bag threaded onto the tip of the sound. The rubber may or may not be held to the sound by means of a ligature. The sound is then slowly withdrawn through the urethra, pulling the bag down into the cavity left by the removal of the adenoma. The bag is inflated with fluid or air and
Comparison of prescribing unit with index including both age and sex in assessing general practice prescribing costs.
Authors: I N Purves, C Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To examine and compare the prescribing unit and a new prescribing index adjusting for age and sex in assessing general practice prescribing. DESIGN--Analysis of all prescriptions issued by two practices in one year. Use of data to derive a prescribing index adjusting for age and sex. Comparison of effect of prescribing unit and new index on relation between 80 practices9 prescribing data and family health services authority average. SETTING--Newcastle and Gateshead Family Health Services Authorities. Two urban practices with eight doctors and combined list size of 16,300 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Cost and number of prescriptions issued to each age and sex group. Effect of index on relation between practice data and family health services authority average. RESULTS--The number of items prescribed and total costs rose with age. Although total costs were greater for women than for men, individual items cost more for men aged 25-84. Comparison of data adjusted by the prescribing unit and the new index with authority averages produced no significant differences except in a few practices with skewed age-sex demography. Results with the two indexes differed by over 5% in 34% (27/80) of practices for costs and in 14% (11/80) for items prescribed. CONCLUSIONS--The age and sex profile of a practice does not explain interpractice variation in prescribing patterns. Other unidentified factors need to be considered.
How Much of the Recent Decline in the Incidence of Myocardial Infarction in British Men Can Be Explained by Changes in Cardiovascular Risk Factors?
Authors: Sarah L. Hardoon, Peter H. Whincup, Lucy T. Lennon, S. Goya Wannamethee, Simon Capewell, Richard W. Morris
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) in Britain has fallen markedly in recent years. Few studies have investigated the extent to which this decline can be explained by concurrent changes in major cardiovascular risk factors.The British Regional Heart Study examined changes in cardiovascular risk factors and MI incidence over 25 years from 1978 in a cohort of 7735 men. During this time, the age-adjusted hazard of MI decreased by 3.8% (95% confidence interval 2.6% to 5.0%) per annum, which corresponds to a 62% decline over the 25 years. At the same time, after adjustment for age, cigarette smoking prevalence, mean systolic blood pressure, and mean non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol decreased, whereas mean HDL cholesterol, mean body mass index, and physical activity levels rose. No significant change occurred in alcohol consumption. The fall in cigarette smoking explained the greatest part of the decline in MI incidence (23%), followed by changes in blood pressure (13%), HDL cholesterol (12%), and non-HDL cholesterol (10%). In combination, 46% (approximate 95% confidence interval 23% to 164%) of the decline in MI could be explained by these risk factor changes. Physical activity and alcohol consumption had little influence, whereas the increase in body mass index would have produced a rise in MI risk.Modest favorable changes in the major cardiovascular risk factors appear to have contributed to considerable reductions in MI incidence. This highlights the potential value of population-wide measures to reduce exposure to these risk factors in the prevention of coronary heart disease.
Noninvasive Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Human Fetus
Authors: Jacob O. Kitzman, Matthew W. Snyder, Mario Ventura, Alexandra P. Lewis, Ruolan Qiu, LaVone E. Simmons, Hilary S. Gammill, Craig E. Rubens, Donna A. Santillan, Jeffrey C. Murray, Holly K. Tabor, Michael J. Bamshad, Evan E. Eichler, Jay Shendure
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2012)

Sequencing of cell-free fetal-derived DNA from maternal plasma provides a noninvasive way to predict the fetal genome sequence.
A New Method For Cell Isolation Reveals Elevated Numbers of T and B Lymphocytes In Sinonasal Tissue From Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Authors: K.E. Hulse, J. Norton, K. Harris, D. Conley, R. Chandra, R. Kern, A. Peters, L. Grammer, B. Tan, R. Carter
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)