tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 211: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/Automated External Defibrillator Olympic Competition Enhances Resuscitation Skills in High School Students
Authors: Danielle M Haley, Noreen P Dugan, Christopher N Hall, Rong Guo, Vinay Nadkarni, Victoria L Vetter
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rates are 15-30%. We aimed to help students develop innovative CPR/AED (automated external defibrillator) training programs in Philadelphia high schools and to assess their efficacy. Hypothesis: Harnessing adolescent characteristics of teamwork, competitiveness, and creativity will produce novel and effective methods of learning resuscitation skills. Methods: Health education classes in 15 Philadelphia School District high schools were selected, with 1 control and 1 study intervention group per school. Both groups completed CPR/AED pre- and post-tests to assess cognitive knowledge and psychomotor skills. After pre-tests, both groups were taught CPR skills and AED use by their health teacher. Study groups developed innovative programs to learn, teach, and retain CPR/AED skills. The study culminated with the CPR/AED Olympic event in a sports stadium with study group students from 12 schools competing in multiple CPR/AED skills events including a Mock Code and CPR/AED program presentations. Outcomes included post-tests, Mock Code (17 performance factors), and presentation scores with analysis using paired student's t tests. Results: Students' cognitive and psychomotor skills improved with standard classroom education programs (p&lt;0.0001). Competition with other schools at the CPR/AED Olympics and the development of their own student-directed education programs resulted in further remarkable improvements. Participants averaged 93.1% on the Mock Code with 10 of 12 schools ≥94%. Conclusion: Students who developed creative and novel methods of teaching and learning resuscitation skills showed outstanding application of these skills in a Mock Code. Harnessing adolescent characteristics of teamwork, competitiveness, and creativity produced novel and effective methods of teaching resuscitation skills, potentially empowering a new generation of effectively trained CPR bystanders.
Inhaled beta2-agonists increase power development in elite athletes
Authors: Morten Hostrup, Anders Kalsen, Michael Kreiberg, Jens Bangsbo, Vibeke Backer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: The World Anti-Doping Agency no longer require athletes to provide clinical proof of asthma or exercise-induced bronchoconstriction for therapeutic inhalation of some beta2-agonists. Although several studies have ruled out performance-enhancing effects of inhaled beta2-agonists, combined inhalation of high doses of beta2-agonists within the current anti-doping regulations may increase performance in athletes. The aim of this study was to clarify this probability.  Methods: In part I, asthmatic (n=9) and non-asthmatic (n=11) athletes, VO2max 67.7±5.8 ml/min/kg (Mean±SD), were included. In part II, 7 national competitive elite cyclists, VO2max 75.4±3.6 ml/min/kg, were included. Part I and II were conducted in randomized, double-blinded and placebo-controlled crossover designs. In part I, the subjects inhaled either salbutamol (1600µg)+terbutaline (4000µg), salbutamol (1600µg)+terbutaline (4000µg)+salmeterol (200µg)+formoterol (36µg) or placebo. In part II, the subjects inhaled salbutamol (1600µg)+formoterol (36µg)+salmeterol (200µg) or placebo. Following inhalation, the subjects were tested for isometric muscle strength of m.quadriceps, 6-s maximal sprinting, and time trial performance.  Results: Inhalation of beta2-agonists increased (p  Conclusion: Inhalation of beta2-agonists within the current anti-doping regulations may provide a beneficial effect in sports requiring a high power development.
Phase I Studies of Anti–Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Chimeric Antibody C225 Alone and in Combination With Cisplatin
Authors: J. Baselga, D. Pfister, M.R. Cooper, R. Cohen, B. Burtness, M. Bos, G. D’Andrea, A. Seidman, L. Norton, K. Gunnett, J. Falcey, V. Anderson, H. Waksal, J. Mendelsohn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: The epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor is frequently overexpressed in epithelial tumors. C225 is a human-to-murine chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to the receptor and inhibits growth of cancer cells expressing the receptor. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of C225 in patients with advanced tumors overexpressing EGF receptors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We treated 52 patients in three successive phase I clinical trials of C225 as a single dose (n = 13), weekly multiple dose (n = 17), and weekly multiple dose with cisplatin (n = 22). C225 dose levels were 5, 20, 50, and 100 mg/m 2 . In the study combining C225 with cisplatin, limited to patients with either head and neck or non–small-cell lung cancer, C225 was further escalated to 200 and 400 mg/m 2 . Cisplatin was given at a dose of 60 mg/m 2 once every 4 weeks, and treatment was continued for up to 12 weeks if no disease progression occurred. RESULTS: C225 displayed nonlinear pharmacokinetics, with antibody doses in the range of 200 to 400 mg/m 2 being associated with complete saturation of systemic clearance. C225 clearance did not change with repeated administration or with coadministration of cisplatin. Antibodies against C225 were detected in only one patient, and C225-associated toxicity was minimal. Patients experiencing disease stabilization were seen in all studies. In the study combining C225 and cisplatin, nine (69%) of 13 patients treated with antibody doses ≥ 50 mg/m 2 completed 12 weeks of therapy, and two partial responses were observed. CONCLUSION: C225 has dose-dependent pharmacokinetics, and doses that achieve saturation of systemic clearance are well tolerated. C225 given in combination with cisplatin has biologic activity at pharmacologically relevant doses.
Combined inhibition of BET family proteins and histone deacetylases as a potential epigenetics-based therapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Pawel K Mazur, Alexander Herner, Stephano S Mello, Matthias Wirth, Simone Hausmann, Francisco J Sánchez-Rivera, Shane M Lofgren, Timo Kuschma, Stephan A Hahn, Deepak Vangala, Marija Trajkovic-Arsic, Aayush Gupta, Irina Heid, Peter B Noël, Rickmer Braren, Mert Erkan, Jörg Kleeff, Bence Sipos, Leanne C Sayles, Mathias Heikenwalder, Elisabeth Heßmann, Volker Ellenrieder, Irene Esposito, Tyler Jacks, James E Bradner, Purvesh Khatri, E Alejandro Sweet-Cordero, Laura D Attardi, Roland M Schmid, Guenter Schneider, Julien Sage, Jens T Siveke
Journal: Nature Medicine (2015)
Multiple primary malignancies (MPM) in Israeli patients with soft tissue sarcomas (STS)
Authors: R. Geva, O. Merimsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

9571 Background: An increased incidence of MPM has been reported in association with STS. In a previous series we reported 28 patients out of 375 patients with STS as having second or third additional primary malignancies not all accountable by previous chemotherapy or radiotherapy. In the present series we re-examined the phenomenon in a large Israeli database of adult STS patients. Methods: A retrospective search of the database of approx.1350 adult STS patients who were referred, diagnosed or treated at our center between 1995–2005. Results: A group of 132 patients (F=66, M=66, age 1–87y, median 59y) with STS and at least one additional malignancy was retrieved. Overall, a family history of malignancy was reported by 26%, exposure to carcinogens prior to 1st tumor by 10%. Exposure to carcinogens/RT/Chemo given for the 1st tumor prior to the 2nd tumor was recorded in 61%. Taken together (n=132), STS were associated with a second malignancy arising mainly from the various sites of the urogenital system (18%), breast (17%), GIT (11%), lung (8%), and thyroid (7%). When non-STS was the first malignancy (n=73 at a median age 59y), the main malignancies included breast (23% ), colorectal (11%), melanoma (10%), prostate (8%), thyroid (7%), and bladder (5%). STS as a second primary (n=66) after a median time of 8y, included MFH (28%), LMS (16%), and liposarcoma (15%). The STS originated in a limb in 42%, trunk- 12%, retroperitoneum or viscera-34%, and unknown origin-1%. In the other 6 patients (median age 76.5), STS was the 3rd or more primary tumor. When STS was the first malignancy (n=59 at a median age of 59y), the second primary cancers were diagnosed after a median of 5 years, and included lung (15%), STS of different type (12%), kidney (10%), skin (10%), breast (10%), colorectal (8.5%), prostate (8.5%), and thyroid (7%). Updated survival data will be presented. Conclusions: The incidence of malignancies among patient population of primary STS is higher than the incidence of the same malignancies in the general population. This implies for the need to search for an occult second primary tumor in patients with STS as an integral part of their follow-up. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Relapses of childhood anaplastic large-cell lymphoma: Treatment results in a series of 41 children - a report from the French Society of Pediatric Oncology
Authors: L. Brugières, P. Quartier, M.C. Le Deley, H. Pacquement, Y. Perel, C. Bergeron, C. Schmitt, J. Landmann, C. Patte, M.J. Terrier-Lacombe, G. Delsol, O. Hartmann
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2000)

To study response to chemotherapy and the outcome of children treated for a relapsed anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL) and to evaluate the role of bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in these patients.Clinical data concerning the 41 relapses that occurred in 119 patients with ALCL enrolled in 3 consecutive studies since 1975 were analysed. First-line treatment consisted of intensive chemotherapy according to the COPAD protocol for the first series of 12 patients treated between 1975 and 1989 and to the SFOP (French Society of Pediatric Oncology) HM protocols for the 30 patients treated between 1989 and 1997. Twenty-eight patients were treated with CV(B)A (CCNU, vinblastine, ara-C with or without bleomycin), and the others with miscellaneous protocols for recurrent disease. Fifteen patients underwent autologous BMT and 1 allogeneic BMT while in CR2.Thirty-six of forty-one (88%) patients achieved CR2. With a median follow-up of 5 years, 12 patients died, 9 of their disease and 29 patients are alive in CR2 (20 patients), CR3 (5 patients), CR4 (2 patients), CR5 (1 patient) or CR6 (1 patient). Overall and disease-free survival are respectively 69% (53%-82%) and 44% (29%-61%) at three years. In univariate analysis, patients treated with ABMT while in CR2 did not appear to have a better outcome than the other. Remarkably, a long-lasting remission was obtained in 8 of 13 patients treated with weekly vinblastine for a relapse including 6 relapses occurring after ABMT.Relapsed ALCL are highly chemosensitive but over 40% of the patients experience several relapses. Prolonged conventional chemotherapy based on vinblastine might, in some cases, be as efficient as short intensive treatment with ABMT.
<sup>18</sup>F-2-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-<scp>d</scp>-Glucose Positron Emission Tomography in Staging of Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Jacobus J.M. van der Hoeven, Nanda C. Krak, Otto S. Hoekstra, Emile F.I. Comans, Robert P.A. Boom, Dick van Geldere, Sybren Meijer, Elsken van der Wall, Jan Buter, Herbert M. Pinedo, Gerrit J.J. Teule, Adriaan A. Lammertsma
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

To prospectively evaluate the effect of adding whole-body (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) to conventional screening for distant metastases in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).All women with LABC referred for participation in the LABC Spinoza trial were considered eligible for this study. Patients were included if chest x-ray, bone scan, liver ultrasound, or computed tomography scan performed by the referring physician failed to reveal distant metastases. They underwent whole-body FDG PET scanning before therapy. Patients with subsequently proven distant metastases were switched to alternative forms of chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or both.Among the 48 patients evaluated with PET, 14 had abnormal FDG uptake, and metastases were suspected in 12. After simple clinical evaluation (plain x-ray, history), 10 sites that were suggestive of abnormality remained. Further work-up revealed that four sites were metastases. Proven false positivity occurred in one patient with sarcoidosis. In the other five patients, the reason for abnormal FDG uptake (liver, lung, bone) remained unclear, and patients were treated as planned. Eleven months later, distant metastases were found in one patient at sites unrelated to the previous FDG uptake.The addition of FDG PET to the standard work-up of patients with LABC may lead to the detection of unexpected distant metastases. This may contribute to a more realistic stratification between patients with true stage III breast cancer and those who are in fact suffering from stage IV disease. Abnormal PET findings should be confirmed to prevent patients from being denied appropriate treatment.
Abstract 3656: Estradiol Improves Neural Functional Recovery After Nerve Injury by Reducing Inhibition of the Hedgehog-signaling Pathway
Authors: Haruki Sekiguchi, Masaaki Ii, Kentaro Jujo, Marie-Ange Renault, Tina Thorne, Trevor Clarke, Aiko Ito, Toshikazu Tanaka, Ekaterina Klyachko, Yasuhiko Tabata, Douglas W Losordo
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Prior data indicate that estradiol (E2) favorably affects neovascularization in injured tissue, and that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh)-induced neovascularization is critical for nerve regeneration; however, little is known about the relationship between E2 and Shh signaling. We tested the hypothesis that E2 potentiates nerve regeneration via Shh-activated neoangiogen-esis. Methods and Results: Ovariectomized mice were subjected to unilateral sciatic nerve crush injury and treated with either E2 (via locally administered biodegradable polymer) or placebo (polymer alone). E2 treatment resulted in greater functional recovery of the nerve as evaluated by both exercise duration (P&lt;0.05) and motor nerve conduction velocity (P&lt;0.05), and intraneural vascularity was significantly higher in E2-treated animals than in the placebo-treatment group (P&lt;0.05). Analyses of mRNA expression in the injured nerves of placebo-treated mice showed that the Shh pathway was activated immediately after injury, but Shh expression declined substantially within 7 days. Shh activation persisted in the E2-treatment group; Shh expression on day 7 was greater in E2-treated animals than in the placebo-treatment group (P&lt;0.05). The expression of Hedgehog-interacting protein (HIP), an endogenous Shh inactivator, was significantly downregulated 24 hours after E2 treatment, and HIP downregulation was attenuated by the E2-receptor blocker ICI, suggesting that E2 augments Shh signaling both my enhancing Shh expression and by inhibiting HIP. Inhibition of HIP expression by E2 was also observed in vitro in Schwann cells and endothelial cells. The expression of Ptc1 (Shh receptor) and Gli1 (a downstream target of Shh) was evaluated in Ptc1-LacZ and Gli1-LacZ mice after nerve-crush injury. X-gal staining demonstrated that E2 treatment upregulated both Ptc1 and Gli1 expression within 3 days of surgery. Conclusions: E2 accelerates the functional recovery of injured nerves by enhancing angiogenesis. We propose that these effects occur in part through the inhibition of the Shh inactivator HIP, thereby preserving Shh activity after nerve injury. These findings may have identified a novel regulatory mechanism for nerve repair via E2-enhaced, Shh-mediated angiogenesis.
Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 3 (SFRP3) Is Required for Tumorigenesis of PAX3–FOXO1-Positive Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma
Authors: Julie J.G. Kephart, Rosanne G.J. Tiller, Lisa E.S. Crose, Katherine K. Slemmons, Po-Han Chen, Ashley R. Hinson, Rex C. Bentley, Jen-Tsan Ashley Chi, Corinne M. Linardic
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma associated with the skeletal muscle lineage. Of the two predominant subtypes, known as embryonal (eRMS) and alveolar (aRMS), aRMS has the poorer prognosis, with a five-year survival rate of &amp;lt;50%. The majority of aRMS tumors express the fusion protein PAX3–FOXO1. As PAX3–FOXO1 has proven chemically intractable, this study aims to identify targetable proteins that are downstream from or cooperate with PAX3–FOXO1 to support tumorigenesis. Experimental Design: Microarray analysis of the transcriptomes of human skeletal muscle myoblasts expressing PAX3–FOXO1 revealed alteration of several Wnt pathway gene members, including secreted frizzled related protein 3 (SFRP3), a secreted Wnt pathway inhibitor. Loss-of-function using shRNAs against SFRP3 was used to interrogate the role of SFRP3 in human aRMS cell lines in vitro and conditional murine xenograft systems in vivo. The combination of SFRP3 genetic suppression and the chemotherapeutic agent vincristine was also examined. Results: In vitro, suppression of SFRP3 inhibited aRMS cell growth, reduced proliferation accompanied by a G1 arrest and induction of p21, and induced apoptosis. In vivo, doxycycline-inducible suppression of SFRP3 reduced aRMS tumor growth and weight by more than three-fold, in addition to increasing myogenic differentiation and β-catenin signaling. The combination of SFRP3 suppression and vincristine was more effective at reducing aRMS cell growth in vitro than either treatment alone, and ablated tumorigenesis in vivo. Conclusions: SFRP3 is necessary for the growth of human aRMS cells both in vitro and in vivo and is a promising new target for investigation in aRMS. Clin Cancer Res; 21(21); 4868–80. ©2015 AACR.
Future Directions in Sarcoidosis Research
Authors: William J. Martin, Michael C. Iannuzzi, Dorothy B. Gail, Hannah H. Peavy
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<PATHOGENESIS OF SARCOIDOS...SEARCHING FOR AN INFECTIO...GENETICS OF SARCOIDOSISCROHN'S DISEASE AS A MODE...DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENTFUTURE DIRECTIONSReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Arrangement and number of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat spacers are associated with erythromycin susceptibility in emm12, emm75 and emm 92 of group A streptococcus
Authors: P.-X. Zheng, C. Chiang-Ni, S.-Y. Wang, P.-J. Tsai, C.-F. Kuo, W.-J. Chuang, Y.-S. Lin, C.-C. Liu, J.-J. Wu
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Organ Distribution of Corynebacterium parvum Labeled With Iodine-1252
Authors: Nikolay V. Dimitrov, Charles S. Greenberg, Thomas Denny
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Organ Distribution of Corynebacterium parvum Labeled With Iodine-125 Get access Nikolay V. Dimitrov, Nikolay V. Dimitrov Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Charles S. Greenberg, Charles S. Greenberg Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thomas Denny Thomas Denny Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 2, February 1977, Pages 287–294, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.2.287 Published: 01 February 1977 Article history Received: 08 January 1976 Accepted: 18 June 1976 Published: 01 February 1977
Telomere maintenance and the etiology of adult glioma
Authors: Kyle M. Walsh, John K. Wiencke, Daniel H. Lachance, Joseph L. Wiemels, Annette M. Molinaro, Jeanette E. Eckel-Passow, Robert B. Jenkins, Margaret R. Wrensch
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

A growing body of epidemiologic and tumor genomic research has identified an important role for telomere maintenance in glioma susceptibility, initiation, and prognosis. Telomere length has long been investigated in relation to cancer, but whether longer or shorter telomere length might be associated with glioma risk has remained elusive. Recent data address this question and are reviewed here. Common inherited variants near the telomerase-component genes TERC and TERT are associated both with longer telomere length and increased risk of glioma. Exome sequencing of glioma patients from families with multiple affected members has identified rare inherited mutations in POT1 (protection of telomeres protein 1) as high-penetrance glioma risk factors. These heritable POT1 mutations are also associated with increased telomere length in leukocytes. Tumor sequencing studies further indicate that acquired somatic mutations of TERT and ATRX are among the most frequent alterations found in adult gliomas. These mutations facilitate telomere lengthening, thus bypassing a critical mechanism of apoptosis. Although future research is needed, mounting evidence suggests that glioma is, at least in part, a disease of telomere dysregulation. Specifically, several inherited and acquired variants underlying gliomagenesis affect telomere pathways and are also associated with increased telomere length.
Allergy screening in asthma and allergic rhinitis
Authors: N. E. Eriksson
Journal: Allergy (1987)

To detect atopy by a screening method employing skin prick testing with a limited number of allergens, the test results of 939 patients with allergic airways diseases were analysed. It was found that an allergen panel consisting of cat, timothy and house dust mite could detect 85% of atopic patients with asthma and/or rhinitis. For subgroups of patients the results were even more favourable. Thus 98% of atopic patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were detected by an allergen panel consisting of timothy, birch and mugwort. It is concluded that screening methods using only three of four allergens could be used for detecting atopy in patients with airways diseases. The method should be most valuable for in vitro tests used in combination with standardized questionnaires.
The influence of emphysema heterogeneity on the magnitude of benefit following endoscopic thermal vapor ablation (InterVapor™) in patients with heterogeneous emphysema
Authors: Felix J.F. Herth, Armin Ernst, Peter Hopkins, Jim J. Egan, Franz Stanzel, Arschang Valipour, Manfred Wagner, Christian Witt, Kim Baker, Mark H. Gotfried, Steven Kesten, Gregory Snell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Endoscopic thermal vapor ablation (InterVapor™) has been demonstrated to induce lung volume reduction through the local delivery of heated water vapor to targeted lung segments. We examined patient subgroups based on emphysema heterogeneity for differential responses.

Methods: Subgroup analysis from a single-arm trial of InterVapor (single upper lobe treatment at 10 cal/g of tissue) in patients with upper lobe predominant emphysema. Inclusion criteria: FEV1 15%-45% predicted, RV>150%, TLC>100%, 6 minute walk distance (6MWD)>140 m, DLCO>20%. Primary efficacy endpoints: FEV1 ≥12% or SGRQ ≥-4 units at 6 months. Secondary efficacy: lung volumes (body plethysmography, HRCT), mMRC dyspnea, and 6MWD. Endpoints were analyzed for associations (Pearson correlation) and categorized based on tertiles of heterogeneity index (HI) (lower to upper lobe tissue to air ratio from HRCT).

Results: 44 patients received InterVapor. Demographics: 50% men, age 63 years, FEV1 0.86 L (31% predicted), SGRQ 59 units, 6MWD 300 m. Results at 6 and 12 months (mean change from baseline):

View this table:



Conclusion: Efficacy from InterVapor for the treatment of heterogeneous emphysema appears to increase with increasing HI (i.e. upper lobe predominance). HI should be considered when projecting the magnitude of benefit after InterVapor.