tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A 77 year old man with asthma and renal impairment
Authors: C. Owen, S. G. Clark, R. Woolfson
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A 77 year old man presented after a collapse at home with a three week history of dyspnoea, malaise, and myalgia. He reported a 10 year history of hypertension, and that he had undergone a nasal polypectomy seven years earlier and had recently been diagnosed as having asthma. Prescribed drugs included candesartan 4 mg daily, enalapril 20 mg daily, beclometasone dipropionate 200 µg twice daily, and salbutamol as needed. He had not recently changed his drugs or used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents or herbal remedies. On examination his blood pressure was 156/88 mm Hg; temperature was 36.8°C; and he had generalised polyphonic wheeze, raised jugular venous pressure (5 cm above the sternal angle), and mild bilateral ankle oedema. Blood tests showed impaired renal function, with creatinine 691 µmol/L (reference range 60-110), urea 46.2 mmol/L (3.0-6.2), compared with creatinine 102 µmol/L and urea 3.0 mmol/L two months earlier. Other results showed haemoglobin 99 g/L (135-180), mean corpuscular volume 89.9 fL (78-100), white cell count 11.52×109/L (4.0-11.0), neutrophils 9.38×109/L (2.0-7.5 x109/L; 81.4%, ), lymphocytes 0.37×109/L (1.0-4.5; 3.2%), monocytes 0.29×109/L (range 0.2-0.8; 2.5%), eosinophils 1.46×109/L (0.04-0.4; 12.7%), basophils 0.00×109/L (<0.1; 0%), platelets 228×109/L (150-400), C reactive protein 857.16 nmol/L (<47.62), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate 115 mm in the first hour (<30). No paraprotein was detected on serum or urine electrophoresis. Serology was negative for hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. Urine was positive for protein (urine protein:creatinine ratio 170 mg/mmol, <30), and blood (3+ on dipstick testing). A plain chest film showed clear lung fields and normal cardiac outline. Normal sized, unobstructed kidneys with preserved corticomedullary differentiation were seen on renal tract ultrasound. He was started on haemodialysis before further investigations to establish a diagnosis.
Association between β2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms and asthma diagnosis among Mexican adults
Authors: Alfredo A Santillan, Carlos A Camargo, Alicia Ramirez-Rivera, Ivan Delgado-Enciso, Augusto Rojas-Martinez, Felipe Cantu-Diaz, Hugo A Barrera-Saldaña
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Nutrient-Based Therapies for Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Louisa G. Sylvia, Amy T. Peters, Thilo Deckersbach, Andrew A. Nierenberg
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2012)

Pharmacotherapy is the first line of treatment for bipolar disorder, but many patients continue to experience persistent subthreshold symptoms. Alternative adjunct treatments, including nutritional therapies, may have the potential to alleviate residual symptoms and improve the outcomes of standard pharmacotherapy. The aim of this paper is to critically review the current clinical evidence and mechanisms of action of nutrient-based therapies alone or in combination with commonly used pharmacotherapies for mania and bipolar depression.We conducted a Medline search for clinical trials conducted with humans, published in English from 1960 to 2012 using nutritional supplements such as n-3, chromium, inositol, choline, magnesium, folate and tryptophan alone or in combination with pharmacotherapies for the treatment of bipolar disorder.Preliminary data yields conflicting but mainly positive evidence for the use of n-3 fatty acids and chromium in the treatment of bipolar depression. Limited evidence found that inositol may be helpful for bipolar depression, but larger sample sizes are needed. Preliminary randomized, controlled trials suggest that choline, magnesium, folate and tryptophan may be beneficial for reducing symptoms of mania.Given the potential public health impact of identifying adjunct treatments that improve psychiatric as well as physical health outcomes, nutritional treatments appear promising for the management of bipolar disorder but require further study.
Characterization of the Mouse and Rat IgE Antibody Responses to Timothy Pollen by Means of Crossed Radioimmunoelectrophoresis
Authors: S. L. Nordvall, Ø. Grimmer, T. Karlsson, B. Björkstén
Journal: Allergy (1982)

The IgE antibody responses to timothy pollen allergens in one rat strain and five mouse strains were investigated by means of crossed radioimmunoelectrophoresis. The rodent strains were selected for their capacity to respond with IgE antibody production. When sensitized parenterally with the antigen mixed in alum, the animals produced IgE antibodies to essentially the same antigens in timothy pollen as timothy sensitive patients have been shown to do. Thus, the allergenicity of the complex mixture of antigens in a timothy extract is similarly expressed in animals immunized parenterally with alum as in patients sensitized by inhalation.
Dr Aref Batayneh is the Jordanian minister of health and a clinical professor in obstetrics and gynaecology
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (1998)

New emerging diseases and problems resulting from a lack of equity created by the disparity in distribution of income within and among countries will constitute a major challenge. The continuously increasing cost of health services and health technology—which may be prohibitive for some countries—will also add to these challenges. The increasing occurrence of manmade and natural disasters; the degradation taking place in the environment; and the negative lifestyles, such as smoking, drug addiction, and violence, especially against women and children, will continue to constitute a major challenge for all health institutions and professionals.

A special think tank at the WHO's headquarters and regional offices should use the available staff, expertise, and resources within the WHO to monitor, analyse, and react to challenges. The WHO should be able to assume a normative role as well as helping disadvantaged countries build their health service infrastructure. The WHO should take action in cooperation with member states to increase its resources to monitor and reduce the negative effects of all these challenges.

The answer is …
4 PROVE1: RESULTS FROM A PHASE 2 STUDY OF TELAPREVIR WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A AND RIBAVIRIN IN TREATMENT-NAIVE SUBJECTS WITH HEPATITIS C
Authors: J.G. Mchutchison, G.T. Everson, S.C. Gordon, I. Jacobson, R. Kauffman, L. McNair, A. Muir
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Nodular prurigo successfully treated with the pulsed dye laser
Authors: P-N. Woo, T.M. Finch, C. Hindson, I.S. Foulds
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Sir, Nodular prurigo is characterized clinically by intensely itchy nodules which may be associated with an eczematous eruption. Patients are frequently tormented by their symptoms which often prove difficult to control with conventional therapy. We report a patient with recalcitrant nodular prurigo who responded well to treatment with the pulsed dye laser (PDL). A 56‐year‐old non‐atopic, caucasian man presented with a 3‐year history of progressively worsening itchy lesions on the trunk and limbs. Examination revealed widespread, multiple, excoriated, warty nodules especially on the arms (Fig. 1a) and larger, more hyperkeratotic lesions on the legs. The appearances were typical of nodular prurigo with the diagnosis being confirmed histologically. Unfortunately he failed to respond to treatment with super‐potent topical steroids, intralesional steroids or PUVA. Thalidomide was initially helpful but its use was limited by neurotoxicity. Likewise, cyclosporin had to be withdrawn because of impaired renal function. In view of his continued pruritus, the patient was referred for a trial of therapy with the 585 nm PDL using a 5‐mm beam at an energy fluence of 6·5 J cm−2. Spots were overlapped until the whole of each nodule was purpuric. During laser therapy emollients were the only other medication used. Treatments were performed at six weekly intervals one hour after the application of topical anaesthesia. The purpura lasted for 7–10 days but there was no evidence of scarring or pigmentary disturbance. After six treatment sessions the lesions on the trunk and upper limbs resolved (Fig. 1b) with flattening of the lesions on the legs. No new lesions appeared during the treatment period. He currently remains symptom free 18 months after discontinuing treatment.
Fair Conduct and Fair Reporting of Clinical Trials
Authors: Drummond Rennie
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Processing of Chimeric Antisense Oligonucleotides by Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Human Atherosclerotic Plaque
Authors: J. Geoffrey Pickering, Jeffrey M. Isner, Carol M. Ford, Lawrence Weir, Andrew Lazarovits, Edward F. Rocnik, Lawrence H. Chow
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Antisense oligonucleotides have been used in animals to inhibit the accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) after arterial injury. This has raised prospects for an oligonucleotide-mediated approach to prevent restenosis in patients undergoing angioplasty. However, little is known about the processing of oligonucleotides by human VSMCs or their bioavailability in human atherosclerotic tissue. Methods and Results Oligonucleotides were synthesized with a mixture of unmodified and sulfur-modified linkages (S-chimeric oligonucleotides). These were more stable than unmodified oligonucleotides and could be recovered from within human VSMCs after 36 hours. Oligonucleotide antisense to human proliferating cell nuclear antigen mRNA specifically reduced DNA synthesis ( P &lt;.01) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein content ( P &lt;.05) in human VSMCs. Confocal microscopy of both live and fixed cells showed modest oligonucleotide uptake that was primarily nuclear. Surprisingly, cationic liposomes did not enhance nuclear uptake but led to extensive, punctated cytoplasmic loading without an enhanced antisense effect. Oligonucleotides incubated with human coronary atherosclerosis fragments associated with cells within 1 hour, despite the presence of abundant extracellular matrix. Conclusions S-chimeric oligonucleotides are stable and can specifically inhibit gene expression in human VSMCs. Nuclear transport is a feature of oligonucleotide processing by human VSMCs, indicating a potential influence at the nuclear level rather than with cytoplasmic mRNA. Cationic liposomes increased oligonucleotide uptake but not intracellular bioavailability, and S-chimeric oligonucleotides can be incorporated into cells within human atherosclerotic plaque, despite the presence of a dense extracellular matrix.
Cancer Immunoediting: Immunologic Control and Sculpting of Cancer.
Authors: R. Schreiber
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Cancer Immunoediting is the process by which the immune system controls and shapes cancer. We originally envisaged that cancer immunoediting would occur in three phases: Elimination (also known as cancer immunosurveillance, the host protective phase of the process), Equilibrium (the phase in which tumor cells that survive immune elimination remain under immunologic growth control resulting in a state of functional tumor dormancy) and Escape (the phase where clinically apparent tumors emerge because immune sculpting of the tumor cells has produced variants that display either reduced immunogenicity or enhanced immunosuppressive activity). Strong experimental data has now been obtained using mouse models of cancer to demonstrate the existence of each phase of the cancer immunoediting process and compelling clinical data suggests that a similar process may also occur during the evolution of certain types of human cancer. Our efforts now focus on elucidating the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie each phase of cancer immunoediting and identifying the critical checkpoints that regulate progression from one phase of the process to the next. This approach has led to the discovery of a new mouse cancer model that shows remarkable developmental, molecular and functional similarity to human estrogen receptor alpha positive (ERα+) luminal breast cancer. We have found that the cancers in our mice arise as a result of dysfunctional JAK-STAT pathway signaling and, interestingly, this observation has led to the discovery of a heretofore-unrecognized similar phenotype in a subset of human ERα+ luminal breast cancers. The therapeutic implications of our work will be discussed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr BS3-1.
Functional Hyposplenia After Splenic Irradiation for Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: C.N. Coleman, I.R. McDougall, M.O. Dailey, P. Ager, S. Bush, H.S. Kaplan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

We previously reported a patient who developed fulminant pneumococcal sepsis 12 years after successful treatment for Hodgkin's disease, which included splenic irradiation. We have since evaluated splenic size and function in 25 patients who had received splenic irradiation 5 to 16 years previously either for Hodgkin's disease (n=19) or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n=6). Mean maximum splenic diameter as measured on a 99mTc-sulfur colloid liver-spleen scan was 6.2 cm in the irradiated group and 9.7 cm in a control group (p < 0.001). The mean percentage of erythrocytes containing pits when observed with interference phase microscopy was 13.0% in the irradiated group, which was significantly different (p < 0.001) from the levels found in each of the control groups: normal subjects, 0.9%; unstaged and untreated lymphoma patients, 0.6%; and patients after splenectomy, 33.7%. Patients who have had splenic irradiation should be considered at risk of developing overwhelming pneumococcal sepsis.
The binding of lupus-derived autoantibodies to the C-terminal peptide (83-119) of the major SmD1 autoantigen can be mediated by double-stranded DNA and nucleosomes
Authors: J W Dieker, C C Van Bavel, G Riemekasten, J H Berden, J van der Vlag
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

To evaluate the binding of lupus-derived autoantibodies, double-stranded DNA and nucleosomes to the positively charged C-terminal SmD1(residues 83-119) peptide and the full-length SmD protein.The binding of lupus-derived monoclonal antibodies, sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic sclerosis, dsDNA and nucleosomes to the SmD1(83-119) peptide or the full-length SmD protein was determined using different ELISA methods.Monoclonal anti-dsDNA antibodies and the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus that are positive for anti-dsDNA antibodies react with the SmD1(83-119) peptide in ELISA. However, DNaseI treatment of the blocking reagents leads to a decreased reactivity. Purified dsDNA and nucleosomes bind to the SmD1 peptide but not to the full-length SmD protein.The SmD1(83-119) peptide is able to bind dsDNA and nucleosomes, and dsDNA or nucleosomes in applied reagents lead to an apparent reactivity of anti-dsDNA, anti-histone or nucleosome-specific antibodies with the SmD1(83-119) peptide in ELISA.
Tricuspid valve replacement: a five-year appraisal.
Authors: R H Baxter, W H Bain, R J Rankin, M A Turner, A E Escarous, R M Thomson, A R Lorimer, T D Lawrie
Journal: Thorax (1975)

Organic disease of the tricuspid valve required surgery in 18% of all patients undergoing valve replacement over a five-year period. Differentiation of organic from functional disease is difficult and may be made only at open-heart surgery. The results of a series of 56 patients who underwent tricuspid valve replacement are presented; of these, 53 had organic disease. Operative mortality at the end of five years had fallen to 7% with significant clinical improvement in 79% of patients, a reduction in cardiothoracic ratio in 81%, and a low incidence of postoperative tricuspid incompetence.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SUBCLAVICULAR PAIN IN LESIONS NEAR THE DIAPHRAGM
Authors: Z. Cope
Journal: BMJ (1930)

additioni to the usual radiogram taken in the postero- aniterior position.A single radiogram or a series of radiogramis takeii in the postero-anteirior position will slshow advanced clhanges; but it is certaini that witl tllis position talone iiiaiiv cases of early disease of the colon, and espe- c ialk eairly malignant disease, will be ovelrlooked.Timiie aniid care in making the examinationi should not be spared.
Top-down influences on saccade generation in cognitive tasks
Authors: Ralph Radach
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

The theoretical framework laid out by Findlay &amp; Walker has direct implications for central topics in research on saccades in reading and other cognitive activities and these in turn may also have implications to be considered in the context of Findlay &amp; Walker's model. The present commentary focuses on the problem of selecting a target for a saccade. It is argued that there are indirect and direct top-down influences on this process and that direct influences are not adequately represented in Findlay &amp; Walker's theory.
Recovery of Myocardial Perfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction After Successful Balloon Angioplasty and Stent Placement in the Infarct-Related Coronary Artery
Authors: Franz-Josef Neumann, Istvan Kósa, Timm Dickfeld, Rudolf Blasini, Meinrad Gawaz, Jörg Hausleiter, Markus Schwaiger, Albert Schömig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
THE IMPACT OF MYOCARDIAL SCAR BY CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN PATIENTS WITH NONISCHEMIC DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY REFERRED FOR AN IMPLANTABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATOR FOR PRIMARY PREVENTION OF SUDDEN CARDIAC DEATH
Authors: Tomas G. Neilan, Otavio Coelho-Filho, Stephan Danik, Daniel J. Verdini, Tokuda Michifumi, Ravi Shah, Usha Tedrow, William Stevenson, Michael Jerosch-Herold, Brian Ghoshhajra, Raymond Kwong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Continuous activation of PpIX by daylight is as effective as and less painful than conventional photodynamic therapy for actinic keratoses; a randomized, controlled, single-blinded study
Authors: S.R. Wiegell, M. Hædersdal, P.A. Philipsen, P. Eriksen, C.D. Enk, H.C. Wulf
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Background Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a highly effective treatment for actinic keratoses (AK); however, it is time consuming and often painful for the patient. Daylight-PDT would make the treatment independent of the clinic and less painful due to the continuous activation of small amounts of porphyrins during its formation. Objectives The objective of this randomized controlled study was to compare response rates and adverse effects after methyl aminolevulinate (MAL)-PDT using conventional red light-emitting diode (LED) light vs. daylight. Patients/methods Twenty-nine patients with AK of the face and scalp were treated with MAL-PDT in two symmetrical areas. One area was illuminated by red LED light (37 J cm−2) after 3-h incubation with MAL under occlusive dressing. The other area was treated with daylight for 2·5 h after the MAL cream had been under occlusion for half an hour. Results We found no significant difference in the treatment effect between the two treatments (P = 0·13), with a reduction of AK lesions of 79% in the daylight area compared with 71% in the LED area. Treatment response in the daylight area did not depend on the intensity of the daylight. Illumination with LED was more painful than daylight (P < 0·0001). Erythema and crusting occurred after both treatments and were similar in the two areas. Conclusions PDT of AK by continuous activation of porphyrins by daylight proved to be as effective as conventional PDT. PDT using daylight activation will make the treatment of these extremely common premalignant tumours more time and cost effective, and more convenient for the patient.
Longitudinal evaluation of peritoneal macrophage function and activation during CAPD: Maturity, cytokine synthesis and arachidonic acid metabolism
Authors: Sheila J. McGregor, Nicholas Topley, Achim Jörres, Antony B.J. Speekenbrink, Anne Gordon, Gerhard M. Gahl, Brian J.R. Junor, J. Douglas Briggs, Jeremy H. Brock
Journal: Kidney International (1996)
Early HIV treatment led to "functional cure" in 14 patients, report researchers
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

French researchers have reported a group of 14 patients who achieved a “functional cure” of HIV after stopping antiretroviral treatment, some of whom have maintained an undetectable viral load for nearly 10 years. 

The researchers believe that about 15% of patients who become infected with HIV may be able to control the virus in this way if they are treated very soon after becoming infected.

The group of patients, known as the “Visconti cohort,” were infected with HIV between 1996 and 2002. Their cases are reported in PLoS Pathogens .1 All the patients received combination antiretroviral treatment within 10 weeks …
Myoglobin and cytochrome response during repair of iron deficiency in the rat.
Authors: P R Dallman, H C Schwartz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1965)

Until recently, hemoglobin was believed to be the only heme protein affected by dietary iron de- ficiency (1).Several studies, however, have shown that myoglobin, the cytochromes, and cata- lase may be significantly reduced in concentration in experimental animals and in man (2-9).In the iron-deficient rat, the susceptibility to depletion of heme protein has been found to vary from tis- sue to tissue.Cytochrome c (7, 9) and myoglobin (9) can be decreased to less than half of control concentrations in skeletal muscle, which normally accounts for over 75% of the total body content of these heme proteins.A similarly marked decrease in concentration of cytochrome c has been noted in intestinal mucosa (9).Other tissues such as brain, heart muscle, liver, and kidney are affected to a lesser degree or are entirely spared (7, 9).In the present investigation, the rate of repair of heme protein deficiency in the rat was studied in the most severely depleted tissues during the course of iron repletion. MethodsMale rats of the Wistar strain were placed on a lowiron regimen as follows: Mothers with the 10-day-old males of their litters were provided a diet of dried whole milk 1 supplemented with a vitamin and mineral formula (10) that contained no added iron.Distilled water was provided ad libitum.Control litters were provided with *