tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High- Versus Standard-Dose Filgrastim (rhG-CSF) for Mobilization of Peripheral-Blood Progenitor Cells From Allogeneic Donors and CD34<sup>+</sup> Immunoselection
Authors: Monika Engelhardt, Hartmut Bertz, Matthias Afting, Cornelius F. Waller, Jürgen Finke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

The efficacy of a high- versus a standard-dose filgrastim (recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, or rhG-CSF) regimen to mobilize peripheral-blood progenitor cells (PBPCs) for allogeneic transplantation was investigated in 75 healthy donors.From December 1994 to December 1997, 75 consecutive donors (median age, 38 years; range, 17 to 67 years) were assigned to two different schedules of rhG-CSF for PBPC mobilization. Fifty donors received 24 microg rhG-CSF/kg body weight (BW) divided into two daily subcutaneous injections (two doses of 12 microg, group A), whereas 25 were treated with 10 microg rhG-CSF once daily (group B). Apheresis was started on day 4 in group A and on day 5 in group B. Target CD34(+) cell numbers in apheresis products were >/= 4 x 10(6)/kg recipient BW.Cytokine priming and collection of PBPCs were equally well tolerated in both groups. Significantly higher CD34(+) cell numbers in group A with 3. 7 x 10(6)/kg recipient BW/apheresis (0.47 x 10(6)/L apheresis) compared with 2 x 10(6)/kg recipient BW/apheresis (0.25 x 10(6)/L apharesis) in group B were obtained (P <.05). Using standard aphereses (median, 9 L), two doses of 12 microg rhG-CSF/kg allowed collection of >/= 4 x 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells with two aphereses (range, one to three) in group A versus three aphereses (range, one to six) in group B (P <.015). Donor age, sex, and BW influenced the collection of CD34(+) cell numbers: in particular, significantly higher apheresis results were obtained in donors younger than 40 years compared with donors older than 40 years of age (P <.05). In 65 CD34(+) selection procedures using avidin-biotin immunoabsorption columns (Ceprate SC System, CellPro, Bothell, WA), a median CD34(+) purity of 53%, CD34(+) recovery of 40%, and the collection of 2 x 10(6)/kg CD34(+) cells/selection were achieved. In group A with higher CD34(+) cells/kg/apheresis, CD34(+) purity, recovery, and cell yields were 60%, 45%, and 2.3 x 10(6)/kg/selection, respectively, as compared with 48%, 31%, and 0.7 x 10(6)/kg in group B (P <.05).Our results demonstrate that twice daily rhG-CSF (two doses of 12 microg/kg BM) compared with once daily rhG-CSF (10 microg/kg BW), in addition to being well tolerated, significantly improves PBPC mobilization, allows the collection of higher numbers of CD34(+) cells with one or two standard aphereses, and facilitates subsequent selection procedures in healthy allogeneic donors.
Quetiapine Fumarate Extended‐Release for the Treatment of Major Depression With Comorbid Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Double‐Blind, Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Study
Authors: Alexander McIntyre, David Paisley, Edouard Kouassi, Alain Gendron
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2013)

Objective Fibromyalgia and major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently co‐occur. Quetiapine fumarate extended‐release (quetiapine XR) has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of MDD and has been shown to have analgesic properties in patients with depression. The primary objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of quetiapine XR on depressive and pain symptoms in patients with MDD and comorbid fibromyalgia, and to assess its safety and tolerability. Methods This was an 8‐week, single‐center, double‐blind, randomized, controlled trial. A total of 120 nonpsychotic adult outpatients who fulfilled the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition diagnostic criteria for MDD and whose diagnosis of fibromyalgia was confirmed according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria were enrolled. The primary end point was the mean change from baseline to week 8 on the 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating (HAM‐D) scale. Secondary end points included other depression‐rating scores, pain scores, fibromyalgia scores, measures of quality of life and global functioning, and adverse events. Results The mean change in the HAM‐D score from baseline to week 8 was significantly greater in the quetiapine XR group compared with the placebo group (−10.0 versus −5.8; P = 0.001). Improvements in most secondary outcomes were also significantly greater in the quetiapine XR group. Quetiapine XR was generally well tolerated. Conclusion This study is the first to demonstrate that measures of depression, pain, and quality of life are significantly improved with quetiapine XR compared with placebo in patients with a dual diagnosis of MDD and fibromyalgia.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Epidermal Heat Flux Sensors for Measurements of Core Body Temperature
Authors: Yihui Zhang, Richard Chad Webb, Hongying Luo, Yeguang Xue, Jonas Kurniawan, Nam Heon Cho, Siddharth Krishnan, Yuhang Li, Yonggang Huang, John A. Rogers
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Long‐term, continuous measurement of core body temperature is of high interest, due to the widespread use of this parameter as a key biomedical signal for clinical judgment and patient management. Traditional approaches rely on devices or instruments in rigid and planar forms, not readily amenable to intimate or conformable integration with soft, curvilinear, time‐dynamic, surfaces of the skin. Here, materials and mechanics designs for differential temperature sensors are presented which can attach softly and reversibly onto the skin surface, and also sustain high levels of deformation (e.g., bending, twisting, and stretching). A theoretical approach, together with a modeling algorithm, yields core body temperature from multiple differential measurements from temperature sensors separated by different effective distances from the skin. The sensitivity, accuracy, and response time are analyzed by finite element analyses (FEA) to provide guidelines for relationships between sensor design and performance. Four sets of experiments on multiple devices with different dimensions and under different convection conditions illustrate the key features of the technology and the analysis approach. Finally, results indicate that thermally insulating materials with cellular structures offer advantages in reducing the response time and increasing the accuracy, while improving the mechanics and breathability.
Impact of Multivessel Revascularization on Health Status Outcomes in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Jae-Sik Jang, John A Spertus, Suzanne V Arnold, Ali Shafiq, Anna Grodzinsky, Timothy J Fendler, Adam C Salisbury, Fengming Tang, Edward J McNulty, J Aaron Grantham, David J Cohen, Amit P Amin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Abstract 13052: Sub-Optimal Detection of Left Ventricular Thrombi with 2D Transthoracic Echocardiography Compared to Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Despite the Use of Contrast Echocardiography
Authors: Nadish Garg, Juan C Lopez-Mattei, Homam Ibrahim, Aman Opneja, Dipan Shah, William A Zoghbi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Two Dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is routinely utilized for the assessment of Left Ventricular (LV) thrombus. Recent studies have demonstrated a more accurate detecti...
Association Between Urologist Characteristics and Radiation Oncologist Consultation for Patients With Locoregional Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ruben G W Quek, Kevin C Ward, Viraj A Master, Chun Chieh Lin, Kenneth M Portier, Katherine S Virgo, Joseph Lipscomb
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2015)

Background: Physicians managing patients with prostate cancer play a critical role in subsequent specialist consultations and initial treatment choice, especially in cases for which no consensus exists regarding optimal treatment strategy. The NCCN Guidelines for Prostate Cancer recommend radiation as a therapy option for patients with locoregional prostate cancer. Purpose: The authors examined the association of urologist characteristics with the likelihood that patients would consult radiation oncologists. Methods: A retrospective cohort of 39,934 patients aged 66 years or older who were diagnosed with locoregional prostate cancer between 2004 and 2007, and the 2405 urologists who performed the patient diagnostic biopsies were constructed using the SEER-Medicare linked database and the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile. Logistic multilevel regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of urologists’ characteristics on radiation oncologist consultation within 9 months of locoregional prostate cancer diagnosis. Results: Overall, 24,549 (61.5%) patients consulted a radiation oncologist. After adjusting for patient and urologist characteristics, patients diagnosed by urologists in noninstitutional settings (eg, physician office) were significantly more likely to consult a radiation oncologist (odds ratio [OR], 1.40; 95% CI, 1.17–1.67; P=.0002) compared with those diagnosed by urologists in institutional settings with a major medical school affiliation. In addition, patients diagnosed by urologists older than 57 years were significantly more likely to consult a radiation oncologist (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.07–1.38, P=.003).
Pellet Implantation Studies of Carcinogenic Compounds&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: George T. Bryan
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

The in vivo elution of the 8-methyl ether of xanthurenic acid (XAE), a urinary metabolite of the amino acid tryptophan and a bladder and lymphoreticular carcinogen for the mouse, was studied in five different bases. This technique provided an extensive variation in exposure of the bladder to this carcinogen. Following oral or subcutaneous administration of14 C-labeled XAE to mice, most of the dose was excreted intact in the urine. Three minor urinary metabolites of XAE were detected. These observations were discussed in conjunction with some of the factors which must be considered before use of the pellet implantation technique.
Cardiology services not suitable for thrombectomy after acute stroke
Authors: Lalani Carlton Jones, Kyriakos Lobotesis
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Apps and colleagues highlight the need for increased availability of acute thrombectomy services in light of recent stroke trials showing that thrombectomy is more efficacious than thrombolysis.1 However, involvement of cardiology services is not an effective solution.

A major reason for the success of these trials is careful patient selection based on advanced neuroimaging. In particular, …
Proteases During the Growth of Ehrlich Ascites Tumor. I. The Fibrinolysin System&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P P LeBlanc, N Back
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Component levels of the fibrinolysin system in the plasma and ascitic fluid of Swiss mice bearing Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were determined during a 15-day tumor growth time phase. During tumor growth, the concentration of plasminogen in the ascitic fluid decreased inversely to the total packed cell volume. Free plasmin was not present in the ascitic fluid nor was there any measurable plasminogen activator activity. Both antiplasmin activity and fibrinogen levels present in the fluid decreased during tumor growth. The nuclear and mitochondrial-microsomal subcellular fractions of the tumor cell exhibited plasminogen activator activity. No significant changes in the above parameters occurred in the plasma during the tumor growth period we studied.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura associated with <i>Brucella</i> and <i>Toxoplasma</i> infections
Authors: Emel Gürkan, Fikri Başlamişli, Birol Güvenç, Berna Bozkurt, Çağatay Ünsal
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Bacterial and protozoal infections can cause thrombocytopenia and may mimic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Brucella species and Toxoplasma are among the infectious agents with protean clinical manifestations which may induce immune thrombocytopenia. In rare cases, thrombocytopenia can be severe and may result bleeding into the skin and from mucosal sites. Prompt recognition of this complication and aggressive therapy are essential, since the mortality associated with bleeding into the central nervous system is high. We report two patients with complaints of severe epistaxis and thrombocytopenia associated with brucellosis and toxoplasmosis. Thrombocytopenic purpura in these cases responded well to the high‐dose corticosteroid treatment with platelet recovery within 2–3 days. For cases with infection‐induced immune thrombocytopenic purpura, short‐term high‐dose corticosteroids may be applied as an urgent therapy without worsening of the clinical condition. Am. J. Hematol. 74:52–54, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MUC5B promoter polymorphism is significantly associated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in German but not in Japanese patients
Authors: Yasushi Horimasu, Noboru Hattori, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Sonosuke Tanaka, Francesco Bonella, Shinichiro Ohshimo, Josune Guzman, Ulrich Costabel, Nobuoki Kohno
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Backgrounds:  Mucin 5B (MUC5B) is secreted from the bronchial glands and plays an important role in airway defense. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs35705950 in the promoter of  MUC5B  has been reported to be associated with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the association between this SNP and other types of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, such as nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), is still unknown. Furthermore, previous data have been obtained mainly from Caucasian cohorts, and validation data with Asian patients are limited.   Aim:  To compare the association between rs35705950 and IPF and/or NSIP in German and Japanese cohorts.   Methods:  DNA was extracted from blood samples in 137 German and 355 Japanese subjects, and rs35705950 was detected by commercially available SNP genotyping assay.   Results:  In the German cohort, the frequency of the rs35705950 T allele was significantly higher in patients with IPF (frequency = 0.331,  P   P   P  = 0.068), but the patients with NSIP and the HS did not differ in this regard. The frequencies of the rs35705950 T allele in Japanese HS and patients with IPF or NSIP were significantly lower than those in German HS and patients with IPF or NSIP, respectively ( P  = 0.046,  P   P     Conclusions:  The results suggest that the  MUC5B  promoter polymorphism is associated with both NSIP and IPF in German patients, but only a tendency is noted in Japanese IPF patients.
Development of a system to allow independent home use of a mechanical in-exsufflator (M I-E device) for a patient with advanced neuromuscular disease
Authors: Alison Armstrong, Rachael Moses, Robert Bullock
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: A variety of methods are available to provide lung volume recruitment and cough augmentation. However, currently they cannot be used independently by patients who have very limited functional ability. This restricts treatment access for those community patients with limited care provision, reducing autonomy and increasing their dependence on others.  Objective: Using a single patient case study, the main objective was to develop a system to allow the independent use of an M I-E device (NIPPY Clearway) without the need for additional carer support in a patient with severe neuromuscular weakness and associated respiratory symptoms.  Methods: Following consultation with colleagues in technical aid services, we explored the possibility of using the M I-E device with remote micro switch and mouthpiece support adaptations. The M I-E device was fixed to the side of the patient’s bed. The mouthpiece was positioned in a spring loaded mechanism and secured to the patients table. By adjusting the angle of the bed, and using remote switches, the patient could access the mouthpiece and activate the M I-E device.  Results: The addition of this spring loaded mechanism and micro switch adaptation allowed independent use of the M I-E device.  Conclusion/clinical relevance: By the development of a system to facilitate the independent use of the M I-E device, this treatment can be made more accessible to those patients in the community with complex heath care needs but limited care provision. Within this case study, the patient reports a subjective improvement in breathlessness, cough strength and ability to speak in full sentences.
Comparative assessment of endobronchial valve lung volume reduction in patients with COPD
Authors: Vadim Gershevich, Mikhael Korzhuk, Nikolay Ovsyannikov, Dmitry Petrov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objective: To compare the results of surgical lung volume reduction in patients with COPD with the results of endobronchial lung volume reduction valve.

Materials and methods: endobronchial valve lung volume reduction (ELVR) was performed in 12 patients with diffuse homogeneous form of emphysema. For ELVR valve used endobronchial valves MedLang. Patients who underwent ELVR included in the core group (n = 12). To compare the results has been allocated comparison group (n = 12), which included patients with diffuse homogeneous form of emphysema. Both groups were comparable for comparison.

Results: Dynamics of spirometric indices in the comparison group: FEV1 before surgical lung volume reduction 20,95±3,1 (%), after 31,08±2,7 (%); FVC before-27,32±10,12 (%), after 37,09±12,6 (%);

Spirometric indices in the comparison group: FEV1 before ELVR 15,94±5,38 (%), after 22,9±12,63 (%) (p=0,011);

FVC before-30,5±5,95 (%), after 30,23±11,07 (%)(p=0,858); FEV1/FVC to surgical lung volume reduction- 47,19±20,02, after- 72,0±17,54 (p=0,398).

In the comparison group: pO2 before surgical lung volume reduction- 58,08+-12,32, after 61,02±12,05; pCO2 before endobronchial valve – 40,72+-6,73, after-41,09+-5,48. Dynamics of parameters of blood gases in the study group. In the comparison group: pO2 before endobronchial valve lung volume reduction - 45,56±10,28 after52,7±9,99(p=0,013); pCO2 before endobronchial valve - 49,84±7,79, after- 44,0±5,42 (p=0,01).

Conclusion: Thus, in terms of up to 12 months of ELVR of lung volume reduction surgery and lung volume are comparable to the dynamics of indices of cardiorespiratory system, which may have important implications for the provision of surgical care incurable patients with COPD.
Prognostic importance of initial response in HIV-1 infected patients starting potent antiretroviral therapy: analysis of prospective studies
Authors: G Chêne, J A C Sterne, M May, D Costagliola, B Ledergerber, A N Phillips, F Dabis, J Lundgren, A D'Arminio Monforte, F de Wolf, R Hogg, P Reiss, A Justice, C Leport, S Staszewski, J Gill, G Fatkenheuer, M E Egger
Journal: The Lancet (2003)
Reconstitution and characterization of dNTPs uptake activities of human mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocators (Ant)
Authors: Wing Lam, Ee C. Cheng, Chung H. Leung, Yung C. Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2968 

We previously suggested that a dCTP transport system (Bridges EG et al, J Biol Chem 1999 Feb 19;274(8):4620-5) exists in mitochondria and plays a role in delayed cytotoxicity of deoxynucleoside analogs in mitochondria. Another group has identified a mitochondrial protein, deoxynucleotide carrier (DNC), and suggested that its role is a mitochondria transporter for dNDPs and dNTPs. Based on our studies, we suggest that DNC may not be the dNTP transporter associated with the delayed cytotoxicity of deoxynucleoside analogs, since the Km values of dNTPs are much higher than physiological range and over-expression of DNC in HepG2 cells does not effect the action of deoxynucleoside analogs. DNC shares a high percentage of amino acid sequence homology with adenine nucleotide translocator (Ant), the most abundant transporter in mitochondria and Kaukonen et. al. proposed that Ant1 plays a role in mitochondria DNA maintenance (Kaukonen, J et. al. Science 289: 782-785, 2000). We, therefore, expressed three isoforms of human Ant, Ant1, Ant2 and Ant3 using E. coli. , reconstituted them into proteoliposomes and characterized their properties. Ants behave better when proteoliposomes contain cholesterol (10% w/w), cardiolipin (15% w/w) and phosphatidlycholine from egg yolk instead of soybean. However, Ant1 and Ant3 have different properties as compared to Ant2. First, internal ADP (with optimum at 10 mM) can promote the uptake activity of ATP in Ant2 but not in Ant1 or Ant3. All Ants can uptake dATP and dCTP independent of internal substrate. Second, external CaCl2 (with optimum at 2 mM) can stimulate the uptake activities of ATP, dATP and dCTP in Ant1 and Ant3 but inhibits slightly the uptake activities of Ant2. Third, carboxy-atractyoside, a specific Ant inhibitor, can inhibit the uptake activities of ATP, dATP and dCTP in Ant2 but not in Ant1 and Ant3. The Km values of dCTP for Ant1, Ant2 and Ant3 are 100 μM, 2 mM and 330 μM, respectively. In summary, Ant1 and Ant3 have similar but not identical properties to the dCTP transport system reported previously by us. One or both (Ant1 and Ant3) could be a possible candidate protein involved in the transport of dNTP from the cytoplasm to mitochondria. Further characterizations are required to determine their role in the dNTPs uptake in mitochondria. This work was supported by Grant ROI-A1-38204-07 from NIH
Prospective investigation of positron emission tomography in lung nodules.
Authors: V J Lowe, J W Fletcher, L Gobar, M Lawson, P Kirchner, P Valk, J Karis, K Hubner, D Delbeke, E V Heiberg, E F Patz, R E Coleman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs) are commonly identified by chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT). Biopsies are often performed to evaluate the nodules further. An accurate, noninvasive diagnostic test could avoid the morbidity and costs of invasive tissue sampling. We evaluated the ability of fluorine-18 deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) to discriminate between benign and malignant pulmonary nodules in a prospective, multicenter trial.Eighty-nine patients who had newly identified indeterminate SPNs on chest radiographs and CT were evaluated with FDG-PET. PET data were analyzed semiquantitatively by calculating standardized uptake values (SUVs) as an index of FDG accumulation and also by a visual scoring method. PET results were compared with pathology results.Sixty SPNs were malignant and 29 were benign. Using SUV data, PET had an overall sensitivity and specificity for detection of malignant nodules of 92% and 90%. Visual analysis provided a slightly higher, but not statistically significant, sensitivity of 98% and lower specificity of 69%. For SPNs < or = 1.5 cm (34 of 89), the sensitivity and specificity of SUV and visual analysis were 80% and 95% and 100% and 74%, respectively.FDG-PET can accurately characterize indeterminate SPNs. PET imaging provides a noninvasive method to evaluate indeterminate SPNs, which can reduce the need for invasive tissue biopsy.