tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic Ablation of the Fatty Acid–Binding Protein FABP5 Suppresses HER2-Induced Mammary Tumorigenesis
Authors: Liraz Levi, Glenn Lobo, Mary Kathryn Doud, Johannes von Lintig, Darcie Seachrist, Gregory P. Tochtrop, Noa Noy
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

The fatty acid-binding protein FABP5 shuttles ligands from the cytosol to the nuclear receptor PPARβ/δ (encoded for by Pparδ), thereby enhancing the transcriptional activity of the receptor. This FABP5/PPARδ pathway is critical for induction of proliferation of breast carcinoma cells by activated epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In this study, we show that FABP5 is highly upregulated in human breast cancers and we provide genetic evidence of the pathophysiologic significance of FABP5 in mammary tumorigenesis. Ectopic expression of FABP5 was found to be oncogenic in 3T3 fibroblasts where it augmented the ability of PPARδ to enhance cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. To determine whether FABP5 is essential for EGFR-induced mammary tumor growth, we interbred FABP5-null mice with MMTV-ErbB2/HER2 oncomice, which spontaneously develop mammary tumors. FABP5 ablation relieved activation of EGFR downstream effector signals, decreased expression of PPARδ target genes that drive cell proliferation, and suppressed mammary tumor development. Our findings establish that FABP5 is critical for mammary tumor development, rationalizing the development of FABP5 inhibitors as novel anticarcinogenic drugs.
Diagnosis of pneumonia I
Authors: J. M. Guergué, J. Insausti, A. Torres, A. Xaubet, J. Gonzalez, C. Agusti, J. Ramirez, J. M. Salmerôn, R. Rodriguez-Roisin, J. F. Timsit, S. Francoual, B. Misset, F. W. Goldstein, E. Baviera, J. Carlet, Ch. Marquette, P. Ramon, R. Courcol, L. Mier, D. Dreyfuss, G. Le Bourdelles, K. Djedaïni, P. Brun, Y. Boussougant, F. Coste, Ch. -H. Marquette, F. Herengt, D. Mathieu, F. Saulnier, R. Nevierre, Y. Cohen, I. Gros
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (1992)
DISCUSSION AND STUDY OF VERTEBRAL FRACTURES IN ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY
Authors: PETER D. KING
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

No vertebral compression fractures occurred among 43 female schizophrenics treated by "glissando" ECT when they were laid on a rigid surface (group X). Four compression fractures occurred among a comparable group of patients treated on a sponge rubber pad 1½ inches thick. This difference is statistically significant. Among older female patients treated by ECT on a rigid surface, 4 compression fractures occurred–all in women over 60. This difference from group X is also statistically significant. It is therefore recommended that older patients who require ECT be treated with the "threshold" method or else by modification with SCC in order to keep vertebral compression fractures at a minimum. Younger patients may be treated by the "glissando" method without modification by SCC with less likelihood of compression fractures provided that they are treated on a rigid surface.
Influence of induced abortion on gestational duration in subsequent pregnancies.
Authors: J W van der Slikke, P E Treffers
Journal: BMJ (1978)

We studied the effect of previous induced and spontaneous abortion on gestational duration in subsequent pregnancies in 12 obstetric departments in the Netherlands. Only primiparae were studied. Of 504 women who had had a previous induced abortion, 18 (3.6%) delivered before 32 weeks' gestational age. Forty of 1313 women with a history of spontaneous abortion (3.0%) and 259 of 12 678 women with no history of abortion (2.1%) also delivered before 32 weeks. The differences between the three groups were not significant. In the Netherlands there are no significant indications that spontaneous midtrimester abortions or premature deliveries are caused by a previous induced abortion.
LYMPHOCYTE MEMBRANE DYNAMICS
Authors: Robert E. Cone, John J. Marchalonis, Ronald T. Rolley
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Cell surface proteins of normal and neoplastic lymphocytes were labeled with iodide-(125)I by lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination. Incubation of (125)I-labeled iodide cells in vitro resulted in the release of iodinated surface proteins at a rapid rate which was dependent on cellular respiration and protein synthesis. Comparisons by disc electrophoresis showed a marked similarity between urea-soluble surface proteins extracted from iodinated cells and iodinated material released by the cells during in vitro incubation. The rate of release of cell surface proteins from thymus cells was three times faster than that of spleen cells or bone marrow-derived thoracic duct lymphocytes. In addition, different proteins were released at different rates as evidenced by the rate of release of (125)I of rabbit anti-mouse immunoglobulin specifically bound to mouse spleen cells and comparisons by disc electrophoresis of urea-soluble iodinated surface proteins extracted from cells before and after incubation. The results suggest that a dynamic state exists at the cell surface. The possible role of the release of cell surface proteins in cell regulation and communication is discussed.
Running — An Analogue of Anorexia?
Authors: Alayne Yates, Kevin Leehey, Catherine M. Shisslak
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

Abstract We have explored the apparent similarity between patients with anorexia nervosa and a subgroup of male athletes designated as "obligatory runners." Case examples are provided from interviews with more than 60 marathon and trail runners. Obligatory runners resemble anorexic women in terms of family background; socioeconomic class; and such personality characteristics as inhibition of anger, extraordinarily high self-expectations, tolerance of physical discomfort, denial of potentially serious debility, and a tendency toward depression. Anorexic women and members of their families are often compulsively athletic, and obligatory runners may demonstrate a bizarre preoccupation with food and an unusual emphasis on lean body mass. We speculate that both phenomena could represent a partially successful — albeit dangerous — attempt to establish an identity. These preliminary observations will require further study for validation. (N Engl J Med. 1983; 308:251–5.)
Diagnostic Tests for Patients with Suspected Allergic Disease
Authors: Paul P. VanArsdel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of diagnostic tests used for persons with suspected allergic disease. Design: Information synthesis based on historical review of developments in the understanding of the pathophysiology of allergic diseases and on selected recent literature on efficacy of specific diagnostic tests. Main Results: Skin testing is most effective when based on clues from the patient's history. The sensitivity and specificity of skin testing methods are compared; skin prick testing alone is often sufficient to identify or exclude immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated hypersensitivity, including food allergy. Except for penicillin and certain macromolecules, skin testing is not useful for evaluating drug allergy. Skin test titration may be useful for determining the starting dose for immunotherapy; otherwise it is rarely necessary. The patch skin test helps identify the cause of allergic contact dermatitis. Bronchial provocation testing is useful in special cases. Oral provocation testing may be used to identify allergy or other intolerance to suspected foods, food additives, and certain drugs. Provocation testing is time-consuming and requires special precautions. In-vitro methods for identifying allergen-specific IgE are especially useful when skin testing is unreliable, equivocal, or cannot be done. In-vitro tests should be used as adjuncts to the clinical interview and examination. Conclusions: Tests that are effective for identifying allergenic substances usually can be determined from a careful patient interview. Clinicians should be aware of nonspecific test results and allergy tests of unproven effectiveness.
Effect of still's Disease on the Haemopoietic System
Authors: B. Schlesinger, I. A. B. Cathie
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1951)

Recent discoveries of a possible endocrine dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis have opened up a new line of approach and may eventually provide the key to its cause and to certain hitherto unexplained clinical features.Rheumatoid disease in childhood has often such a dramatic onset and acute course that for a time the diagnosis may be in considerable doubt.The term " rheumatoid disease " is used advisedly, as polyarthritis may not at first be the most prominent symptom.Fever is the most striking feature at this stage and the child appears to be quite ill with little in the way of physical signs except possibly a macular rash (see Figs I and 2).
Activation of nuclear factor B in acinar cells does not provoke acute pancreatitis
Authors: R. M Schmid
Journal: Gut (2007)

Acute pancreatitis does not result from nuclear factor κB activation in the pancreas but could inhibition of nuclear factor κB activation be of some benefit in the course of acute pancreatitis?

Acute pancreatitis is a common disease, mostly self-limiting, but in some cases an acute abdominal emergency which lacks specific therapy. Our understanding of the mechanistic processes that initiate acute pancreatitis and mediate the pathobiological responses is rapidly evolving. The discovery of mutations in the genes encoding cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1) and the pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (SPINK1), which are associated with chronic pancreatitis, have supported the concept that intrapancreatic activation of digestive enzymes is a key event in the initiation of acute pancreatitis. In severe cases a systemic inflammatory response is induced resulting in multiorgan failure. Although the relationship between pancreatic injury and the uncontrolled systemic inflammatory response is unclear, several lines of evidence suggest the participation of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumour necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1. One key transcription factor which is activated by these proinflammatory cytokines is nuclear factor κB (NFκB). NFκB is central for the regulation of immune and inflammatory responses, proliferation, survival and tumorigenesis. The family is composed of NFκB (1 and 2) and Rel proteins (RelA, RelB and c-Rel). NFκB exists in the cytoplasm of resting cells but enters the nucleus in response to various stimuli, including proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1. Activation is controlled by inhibitory subunits such as IκBα und IκBβ, which retain NFκB dimers in the cytoplasm. The IκB kinase (IKK) complex is composed of two catalytic subunits (IKK1 or α and IKK2 or β) and a regulatory subunit (IKKγ or …
Impact of level of participation on aggression, anxiety, achievement motivation and performance among soccer players
Authors: Siva Sankar Reddy Mudimela
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

An attempt has been made to study the impact of level of participation on psychological factors such as aggression, anxiety, achievement motivation and performance. Six hundred and twenty-five soccer players representing three different levels that is, inter-university, inter-district, inter-collegiate, constituted the sample of the study. Sports Competition Anxiety Test (Marten 1977), Aggressiveness Questionnaire (Smith 1973), Sports Achievement Motivation Test (Kamalesh 1983) were administered to assess anxiety, aggression and achievement motivation, respectively. The performance of soccer players was assessed by using rating scale (rating scale for evaluation of playing ability by experts for soccer players (Pown Radha 1996). One-way analysis of variance and stepwise multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data. Significant differences were found among three levels of participation with regard to aggression achievement motivation and performance only. Aggression and achievement motivation contributed significantly to performance whereas anxiety is found to have negative impact on the performance.
<sup>13</sup>C labelled cholesteryl octanoate breath test for assessing pancreatic exocrine insufficiency
Authors: M Ventrucci, A Cipolla, G M Ubalducci, A Roda, E Roda
Journal: Gut (1998)

Background —A non-invasive test for assessment of fat digestion has been developed based on the intraluminal hydrolysis of cholesteryl-[1- 13 C]octanoate by pancreatic esterase. Aims —To determine the diagnostic performance of this breath test in the assessment of exocrine pancreatic function. Methods —The test was performed in 20 healthy controls, 22 patients with chronic pancreatic disease (CPD), four with biliopancreatic diversion (BPD), and 32 with non-pancreatic digestive diseases (NPD); results were compared with those of other tubeless tests (faecal chymotrypsin and fluorescein dilaurate test). Results —Hourly recoveries of 13 CO 2 were significantly lower in CPD when compared with healthy controls or NPD. In patients with CPD with mild to moderate insufficiency, the curve of 13 CO 2 recovery was similar to that of healthy controls, while in those with severe insufficiency it was flat. In three patients with CPD with severe steatorrhoea, a repeat test after pancreatic enzyme supplementation showed a significant rise in 13 CO 2 recovery. The four BPD patients had low and delayed 13 CO 2 recovery. Only eight of the 32 patients with NPD had abnormal breath test results. There was a significant correlation between the results of the breath test and those of faecal chymotrypsin, the fluorescein dilaurate test, and faecal fat measurements. For the diagnosis of pancreatic disease using the three hour cumulative 13 CO 2 recovery test, the sensitivity was 68.2% and specificity 75.0%; values were similar to those of the other two tubeless pancreatic function tests. In seven healthy controls, nine patients with CPD, and nine with NPD a second breath test was performed using Na-[1- 13 C]octanoate and a pancreatic function index was calculated as the ratio of 13 C recovery obtained in the two tests: at three hours this index was abnormal in eight patients with CPD and in three with NPD. Conclusion —The cholesteryl-[1- 13 C]octanoate breath test can be useful for the diagnosis of fat malabsorption and exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
A CASE OF CHLOROMA.
Authors: S. C. AYRES
Journal: JAMA (1896)

It is possible that the subject of chloroma is as new and rare to many of you as it was to me when the case I have to report came into my hands. It only came into my service at the Ophthalmic Hospital because the neoplasm had invaded the orbits and produced a marked exophthalmus. In the<i>American Journal of Medical Sciences</i>for August, 1893, appears a paper entitled "Chloroma and its Relation to Leukemia," by Dr. George Dock, of Michigan, in which he reports a case. He has examined the literature of all languages and collected, including his own, seventeen cases of chloroma. Edward Ludwig, aged 7, was admitted to the Ophthalmic Hospital May 18, 1893. His parents are living and in good health. There are five other children in the family, all of whom are healthy. <h3>Previous history.</h3> —He has always been a bright, intelligent boy and has
Protecting Vulnerable Road Users from Injury
Authors: Aymery Constant, Emmanuel Lagarde
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2010)

N Encourage cooperation between police forces, emergency departments, and public health agencies in order to improve data collection on VRU injuries N Raise all road users' awareness of the particular behaviours and risks of VRUs.N Develop prevention campaigns specifically oriented towards VRUs in order to:# Increase awareness of road hazards # Promote injury prevention (helmet use, conspicuity aids, etc.) # Increase the perception of risk related to alcohol use when cycling or walking.N In dense urban areas, traffic engineering countermeasures should include:# Measures to reduce speed of motorised traffic # Measures to improve street lightning when visibility is inadequate # Measures to segregate motorised and nonmotorised road users, especially in locations where collisions are most likely to occur.
Abstract 1202: A role for adhesion in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mitochondrial translocation
Authors: Michael Skalski, Jill Slack-Davis, Sarah J. Parsons
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Co-overexpression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor (EGFR) and c-Src often occurs in tumors, resulting in synergistic increases in oncogenic activity and correlation with poor patient prognosis in several cancers1. We have demonstrated that overexpression of EGFR and c-Src, and stimulation with EGF results in the transient translocation of both kinases to the mitochondria, which correlates with reduced adriamycin-induced apoptosis, and lowered O2 consumption and ATP production. Translocation requires EGFR endocytosis, as well as EGFR and c-Src catalytic activity2,3. It has been suggested that to translocate to the mitochondria, EGFR is retrograde trafficked to the ER, where it is removed from the membrane and then enters the mitochondria4. Here we show that EGFR remains associated with endosomal membranes upon translocation from the plasma membrane to mitochondria, as demonstrated by the colocalizaton of EGFR, mitochondria and extracellularly applied dextran. This translocation requires the activity of integrins, as cells plated on poly-L-lysine show significantly reduced mitochondrial-EGFR in response to EGF stimulation. Alternatively, adhesion to fibronectin in the absence of other extracellular signals was sufficient to activate EGFR and cause mitochondrial translocation. Adhesion resulted in phosphorylation on Y845, Y992, and Y1068, but not Y1045 of EGFR, while EGF stimulation, even on poly-L-lysine, resulted in the phosphorylation of all these sites. pY1045 is involved in Cbl recruitment and lysosomal degradation of EGFR5, suggesting adhesion stimulates EGFR signaling and mitochondrial translocation, while preventing lysosomal degradation. Future work will examine the role of Y1045 in mitochondrial EGFR translocation, mitochondrial function and resistance to chemotherapy. References: 1. Biscardi, J. S., Tice, D. A., and Parsons, S. J. (1999) Adv. Cancer Res. 76, 61-119. 2. Demory, M. L., et. al. (2009) J Biol Chem, 284: 36592-36604. 3. Boerner, J. L., Demory, M. L., Silva, C., and Parsons, S. J. (2004) Mol Cell Biol, 24: 7059-7071. 4. Cao, X., Zhu, H., Ali-Osman, F., and Lo, L.W. (2010) Mol. Cancer. 10:26. 5. Groval, L.M., Stang, E., Sorkin, A., and Madshus, I.H. (2004) Exp Cell Res, 300:388-95. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1202. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1202
PRIMARY TESTICULAR MUMPS.
Authors: LANDON B. EDWARDS
Journal: JAMA (1899)

So constant is the primary seat of mumps in the parotid or other salivary glands that the disease is remarkably free of other synonyms than parotitis or parotiditis. In practice, however, we are familiar with its metastasis from its usual seat to the testicle in the male, or to the mamma or ovary in the female. But the condition to which this paper refers is rare—so rare indeed, that most text-books make no reference to it. Hence, it is worthy of note that I have met with several cases of<i>primary testicular mumps</i>. My attention was first called to the subject some fifteen or more years ago by a case seen with the late Dr. F. D. Cunningham of Richmond. Other cases of primary testicular mumps occurred during that otherwise ordinary epidemic of parotitis. Verbal reports were made of some of the cases to the Richmond Academy of Medicine, but
Death Following Self-Poisoning With Aspirin
Authors: Roger K. Ferguson
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Death followed aspirin ingestion in a 23-year-old woman. Since large amounts of aspirin tablets in the gut seem to retard their own absorption, it is essential that serial salicylate determinations be obtained following the ingestion to make certain that continued rise does not occur. Serum salicylate concentration did not correlate with the state of consciousness or magnitude of metabolic disturbance. We question the usefulness of gastric lavage in removing undissolved tablets.
Treatment of Gross Obesity by Jejunal Bypass
Authors: J-C. Gazet, T. R. E. Pilkington, R. S. Kalucy, A. H. Crisp, S. Day
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Jejunal bypass operations were performed on 47 grossly obese patients. The results were disappointing in three patients who had a standard "14 in/4 in" Payne and DeWind procedure and therefore a more radical operation was performed, joining four inches (10.2 cm) of proximal jejunum to 10 inches (24.4 cm) of terminal ileum. Two years after the modified operation a mean of 44.2 kg had been lost and the weight tended to stabilize. This weight loss was due mainly to inadequate calorie intake. The appetite became more controlled so that if weight was regained this was small in amount. Metabolic sequelae and their symptoms also settled by two years. The physical, psychological, and social outcome was good. The postoperative period was stormy and required close medical and psychiatric supervision. There were two deaths.
History and Physical Generator
Authors: Peter M. Taft
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To be useful in the day-to-day practice of medicine and surgery, a software program must be easy to use and straightforward and must fill a real, as opposed to a perceived, need. It must be almost as intuitive to use as any tool in our profession and not interfere with accomplishing the task at hand. Finally, I believe, it must be easy enough to use for us to be willing to abandon our current mode of carrying out that work. This software program must entice us, then, to new ways of fulfilling our day-to-day work tasks. <i>History and Physical Generator</i>, while basically competent and thorough, is dull and boring. It does not lure me from my current mode of practice, nor does it take advantage of the many features of the computer that can be so helpful and time saving. <i>History and Physical Generator</i>is a program written for the
Adverse effect of air pollution on respiratory health of primary school children in Taiwan.
Authors: P C Chen, Y M Lai, J D Wang, C Y Yang, J S Hwang, H W Kuo, S L Huang, C C Chan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

This study is a part of the Study On Air Pollution and Health In Taiwan (SOAP&HIT), an ongoing research project involving cooperation of several universities in Taiwan. In this study, the objective was to evaluate the effects of ambient air pollution on respiratory symptoms and diseases of school children, in addition to considering indoor air pollution. Six communities were selected: one community located in a rural area (Taihsi), two in urban areas (Keelung and Sanchung), and the other three in petrochemical industrial areas (Toufen, Jenwu, and Linyuan). We sampled 5,072 primary school students in six communities from the main study population of SOAP&HIT. Respiratory health was assessed by evaluation of the children's respiratory symptoms and diseases using a parent-completed questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis to compute odds ratios of adverse effect. The school children in the urban communities had significantly more respiratory symptoms (day or night cough, chronic cough, shortness of breath, and nasal symptoms) and diseases (sinusitis, wheezing or asthma, allergic rhinitis, and bronchitis) when compared with those living in the rural community. However, only nasal symptoms of children living in the petrochemical communities were more prevalent than in those living in the rural community. Although the association with ambient air pollution is suggestive, the cross-sectional study cannot confirm a causal relationship; thus further studies are needed.