tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18261: Left Ventricular Longitudinal Myocardial Workload is More Severely Reduced in Hypertensive Patients with Concentric Hypertrophy Than in Those with Eccentric Hypertrophy
Authors: Satoshi Yamada, Kazunori Okada, Hisao Nishino, Hiroyuki Iwano, Daisuke Murai, Taichi Hayashi, Masahiro Nakabachi, Ayako Ichikawa, Shinobu Yokoyama, Sanae Kaga, Taisei Mikami, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  In patients with hypertensive heart disease (HHD), left ventricular (LV) longitudinal myocardial shortening is reduced even if ejection fraction (EF) is preserved. However, it remains to be elucidated whether the intrinsic myocardial dysfunction depends on LV geometry or not. Thus LV myocardial workload was calculated from meridional wall stress (MWS) and speckle tracking echocardiography (STE)-derived longitudinal strain (LS), and compared between patients with concentric hypertrophy (CH) and those with eccentric hypertrophy (EH).   Methods:  STE was performed in 46 HHD patients with normal EF (>50%), consisting of 32 patients with CH and 14 EH, and 29 age-matched control subjects, by using a Toshiba Artida system. Peak value of global LS was measured in the apical 4-chamber view. LV end-systolic MWS was measured, and stress-strain product [SSP: MWSх(-LS)] was calculated as an index of LV longitudinal myocardial workload per unit cross-sectional area.   Results:  LV dimension was smaller (46.9±3.3 vs 50.4±4.0 mm, p -2 , p=0.14) were comparable between groups. As a result, MWS was lower in CH than EH (490±137 vs 589±130 dyn•mm -2 , p -2 , p -2 ; p   Conclusions:  LV longitudinal myocardial workload per unit cross-sectional area was lower in HHD patients with CH than in those with EH, suggesting that intrinsic longitudinal myocardial shortening is more severely impaired in those with CH than EH.
Risk assessment of venous thromboembolism in lung cancer - Utility of Khorana model
Authors: Carina Gaspar, Dalila Ferreira, Susana Simões, Paula Alves, Agostinho Costa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common and costly complication in patients with lung cancer. Research is focusing on identifying high-risk patients who might benefit from primary thromboprophylaxis. For this purpose, Khorana built a predictive model of VTE in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy as outpatients, including 5 independent risk factors: site of cancer, pre-chemotherapy platelet count, hemoglobin level or use of red cell grow factors, leukocyte count and body mass index.  Aim: To evaluate the utility of the Khorana model to predict VTE in lung cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.  Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including all patients diagnosed with lung cancer between January and July/2011 who underwent chemotherapy as outpatients in Pulido Valente Hospital, in Lisbon. Risk for TVE according to Khorana model was calculated in patients with and without TVE.  Results: From 241 patients, 6 developed pulmonary embolism (2,5%), 12 deep venous thromboembolism (5,0%) and 2 had both (0,8%), for an overall rate of VTE of 8,3%. Adenocarcinoma, metastatic disease and history of cerebrovascular disease were significantly (p  Conclusion: In our experience the Khorana model proved to be useful in predicting TVE in a cohort of lung patients receiving chemotherapy. The development of risk-assessment models of TVE for lung cancer that integrate other risk factors specific for this type of cancer should although be encouraged.
Classification of suicidal behaviors: I. Quantifying intent and medical lethality
Authors: Aaron T. Beck, Roy Beck, Maria Kovacs
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

Previous studies of attempted suicide have cast doubt on the value of assessing psychological intent. By identifying a moderating variable, namely, the attempter's preconceptions about the lethality of his act, the authors were able to solve the puzzle of the low correlations between intent and lethality. Suicidal intent correlates highly with medical lethality when the attempter has sufficient knowledge to assess properly the probable outcome of his attempt. The authors conclude that suicidal intent and medical lethality are useful dimensions in classifying suicidal behavior.
Fludarabine and cyclophosphamide with filgrastim support in patients with previously untreated indolent lymphoid malignancies
Authors: Ian W. Flinn, John C. Byrd, Candis Morrison, Janet Jamison, Louis F. Diehl, Timothy Murphy, Steve Piantadosi, Eric Seifter, Richard F. Ambinder, Georgia Vogelsang, Michael R. Grever
Journal: Blood (2000)
PSYCHOSES IN PATIENTS WITH EDEMA
Authors: NATHAN ROTH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1943)

Distortion of the body image due to the presence of edema consistently gives rise to ideas of unpleasant emotional tone. There is a tendency to reject and disown the edematous parts of the body, to repress the knowledge of the distortion of the body image, and to project onto others the responsibility for the disfigurement of the body and the unusual somatic sensations. The fear that parts of the body will burst ultimately leads the edematous, psychotic patient to the conclusions that his body is being injured, that all people are being killed, and that the material world is being demolished. Ideas of bursting, cutting, exploding and other disruptive processes constantly recur in the content of the psychoses. These are the dominant themes characteristic of the psychoses which occur in edematous patients.
Low-level laser therapy restores the oxidative stress balance in acute lung injury induced by gut ischemia and reperfusion
Authors: Rachid Teofilo, Flavia Mafra de Lima, Cristiano Santana, Regiane Albertini, Cristiane França, Flavio Aimbire
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

It is unknown if the oxidative stress can be regulated by low- level laser therapy (LLLT) in acute lung inflammation induced by intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (i-I/R). A study was developed in which rats were irradiated (660 nm, 30 mW, 5.4 J) on the skin over the bronchus 1 h post- mesenteric artery occlusion and euthanized 2 h later. Lung edema and BALF neutrophils was measured by the Evans blue extravasation and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, respectively. Lung histology was used for analyzing the injury score. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured by fluorescence. Both expression intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) were measured by Real Time-PCR. The lung immunohistochemical localization of ICAM-1 was visualized as a brown stain. Both lung HSP 70 and glutathione (GSH) protein were evaluated by ELISA. LLLT reduced neatly the edema, neutrophils influx, MPO activity and ICAM-1 mRNA expression. LLLT also reduced the ROS formation and oppositely increased GSH concentration in lung from i-I/R groups. Both HSP 70 and PPARγ expression also were elevated after laser. The results indicate that laser effect in attenuating the acute lung inflammation is driven to restore the balance between the pro- and anti-oxidants mediators rising of PPARγ expression and consequently the HSP 70 production.
Late-breaking abstract: EGFR specific single chain antibody deliver siRNAs restore gefitinib sensitivity in resistant NSCLC cells
Authors: Yuan Lu, Li Liu, Rui Zhang, Xinling Ren
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

To overcome TKIs resistance, we developed scFv and s-9R, two human single chain antibodies against EGFR(fig.1A). Here, we showed s-9R could deliver FAM-siRNA into EGFR positve NSCLC cells(fig.1B). A549, H1993 and H1975 were either transfected with KRAS, MET or EGFR siRNA or co-incubated with scFv/s-9R/ indicated siRNA mixtures, following treated with gefitinib. Compared with the control groups, the target genes9 expression level were down-regulated in the s-9R/siRNA mixture groups detected by RT-qPCR and western blot(fig.1C and D). In vivo, s-9R/siRNA mixtures restored gefitinib sensitivity in TKIs resistance cells measured by MTT(fig.1E).  In vitro, the fusion proteins were gradually cleaned from normal tissues and enriched in the tumor till 48h assessed by Living image system(fig.2A). The co-administration of s-9R/siRNA and gefitinib treatment successfully suppressed the xenograft tumor progression (fig.2B) and prolonged the life span of nude mouse(fig.2C and D).  Therefore, the study provides not only a new scFv derivative to deliver siRNA into EGFR-positive NSCLC cells but also a flexible method to overcome TKIs resistance.
Old DAT and new data: Positive direct antiglobulin test identifies a subgroup with poor outcome among chronic lymphocytic leukemia stage A patients
Authors: Anne Quinquenel, Chadi Al Nawakil, Fanny Baran‐Marszak, Virginie Eclache, Remi Letestu, Mohammed Khalloufi, Marouane Boubaya, Christine Le Roy, Nadine Varin‐Blank, Alain Delmer, Vincent Levy, Florence Ajchenbaum‐Cymbalista
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Only a minority of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients harboring a positive direct antiglobulin test (DAT) will develop autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA). In a single institution cohort of 378 CLL patients, 56 patients (14.8%) had at least one positive DAT during the course of the disease, either at diagnosis or later. We found no relationship between the time of the first positive DAT and overall survival (OS). However, patients with a positive DAT who did not develop AIHA had the same adverse outcome as patients who developed AIHA. Of the patients who were in Binet stage A at diagnosis, those with a positive DAT had a significantly shorter OS, regardless of their IGHV mutational status, however, there was a strong association with VH1-69. By multivariate analysis, a positive DAT was found to be an independent adverse prognostic factor for OS. Thus, DAT represents a strong adverse prognostic factor and its determination should be repeated during follow-up.
Re: Christian Gratzke, Alexander Bachmann, Aurelien Descazeaud, et al. EAU Guidelines on the Assessment of Non-neurogenic Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Including Benign Prostatic Obstruction. Eur Urol 2015;67:1099–109.
Authors: Andrea Tubaro, Cosimo De Nunzio
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Study Design for Vitamin D Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Richard L. Prince, Joshua Lewis, Peter R. Ebeling
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
...and has been introduced successfully in Manchester
Authors: P A O'Neill
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Self evaluation and group evaluation also play an important part in the efficient running of a problem based learning group: they allow students to identify their own strengths and weaknesses and thus help to modify individual and group learning processes.Tutors' effectiveness is also scrutinised.Evaluation not only helps to improve individual and group function but also identifies those students who are having difficulties, so that re- medial strategies can be started.Students do learn effectively in a problem based learning system.They learn not only about the basic science of a problem but also about the many ethical considerations of modern medicine and the impact of disease on the family and community.It is thrilling to work with a group of students who enjoy learning medicine: the tutor learns a lot too.
Embryonic Stem Cell Immunogenicity Increases Upon Differentiation After Transplantation Into Ischemic Myocardium
Authors: Rutger-Jan Swijnenburg, Masashi Tanaka, Hannes Vogel, Jeanette Baker, Theo Kofidis, Feny Gunawan, Darren R. Lebl, Anthony D. Caffarelli, Jorg L. de Bruin, Eugenia V. Fedoseyeva, Robert C. Robbins
Journal: Circulation (2005)

We investigated whether differentiation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in ischemic myocardium enhances their immunogenicity, thereby increasing their chance for rejection.In one series, 129/SvJ-derived mouse ESCs (ES-D3 line) were transplanted by direct myocardial injection (1 x 10(6) cells) into murine hearts of both allogeneic (BALB/c, n=20) and syngeneic (129/SvJ, n=12) recipients after left anterior artery ligation. Hearts were procured at 1, 2, 4, and 8 weeks after ESC transplantation and analyzed by immunohistochemistry to assess immune cell infiltration (CD3, CD4, CD8, B220, CD11c, Mac-1, and Gr-1) and ESC differentiation (hematoxylin and eosin). In a second series (allogeneic n=5, sham n=3), ESC transplantation was performed similarly; however after 2 weeks, left anterior descending artery-ligated and ESC-injected hearts were heterotopically transplanted into naive BALB/c recipients. After an additional 2 weeks, donor hearts were procured and analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In the first series, the size of all ESC grafts remained stable and there was no evidence of ESC differentiation 2 weeks after transplantation; however, after 4 weeks, both allogeneic and syngeneic ESC grafts showed the presence of teratoma. By 8 weeks, surviving ESCs could be detected in the syngeneic but not in the allogeneic group. Mild inflammatory cellular infiltrates were found in allogeneic recipients at 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation, progressing into vigorous infiltration at 4 and 8 weeks. The second series demonstrated similar vigorous infiltration of immune cells as early as 2 weeks after heterotopic transplantation.In vivo differentiated ESCs elicit an accelerated immune response as compared with undifferentiated ESCs. These data imply that clinical transplantation of allogeneic ESCs or ESC derivatives for treatment of cardiac failure might require immunosuppressive therapy.
Somatization: the concept and its clinical application
Authors: Z J Lipowski
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Somatization, a tendency to experience and communicate somatic distress in response to psychosocial stress and to seek medical help for it, poses a major medical, social, and economic problem. It is most often associated with depressive and anxiety disorders and constitutes the core of somatoform disorders. Its persistent form is especially costly and difficult to prevent and manage. The author discusses the prevalence, clinical manifestations, etiology, and treatment of somatization and presents a critical review of somatoform disorders.
The Physician's Responsibility
Authors: C B Pinkham
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

Dr. A. M. Phillips, president of the Medical Association of Georgia, delivered before the annual session of that association an address<sup>1</sup>of importance to every member of the medical profession. Dr. Phillips urged each member of the profession to take inventory of his rights, which in recent years have often been in need of defense, and of his responsibilities to himself, to his patients, to his profession, and to society. He warns that this is an urgent matter. The threatened breakdown, in some areas, of the sympathetic relationship between patient and physician, the insidious encroachment of government in the field of medicine, and the crisis in international affairs demand immediate and serious attention. The physician's primary obligation, Dr. Phillips points out, is to his patients. To them, time, patience, and undivided attention must be given ungrudgingly—time to explore the diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities thoroughly, patience to explain the general
Original article: Evaluation of cytokine mRNA in induced sputum from patients with allergic rhinitis: relationship to airway hyperresponsiveness
Authors: S.‐W. Sohn, H.‐S. Lee, H.‐W. Park, Y.‐S. Chang, Y.‐K. Kim, S.‐H. Cho, Y.‐Y. Kim, K.‐U. Min
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Although airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a characteristic feature of asthma, it is also frequently present in allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the pathogenesis of AHR is unclear and the roles of cytokines in the airway have not been well established in AR. We sought to compare cytokine mRNA levels in the sputum of AR patients with or without AHR and those of asthma patients, and to evaluate whether differences in cytokine levels are associated with the development of an abnormal airway response and the absence of respiratory symptoms in AR patients with AHR. Methods: Airway cells were obtained by sputum induction from 18 AR patients with AHR, 58 AR patients without AHR, and 27 asthma patients. Airway cell cytokine levels, interleukin (IL) ‐4, IL‐5, IL‐13, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ), were studied at the mRNA level by RT‐PCR. Results: Vascular endothelial growth factor and IL‐5 mRNA levels were significantly higher in AR patients with AHR than in AR patients without AHR, but these were lower than those of asthmatic patients. Eosinophils were significantly higher in AR patients with AHR and in asthmatic patients than in AR patients without AHR. Interleukin‐4, IL‐13, and IFN‐γ levels were not elevated in AR patients with or without AHR vs asthma patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that VEGF and IL‐5 can be important determinants of the development of AHR in AR patients and that lower levels of other cytokines may be associated with the absence of asthmatic symptoms in AR patients with AHR.
Abstract 15122: Systolic Anterior Motion of Mitral Valve in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Revisited - A Tale of Two Airfoils?
Authors: Hak Chiaw Tang, Victor Labrador Lazaro, Eric Tien Siang Lim, Zee Pin Ding
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: The widely accepted mechanism of systolic anterior motion (SAM) in HCM is a dragging force acting on mitral valve. We sought to expand this by treating anterior and posterior mitral l...
Plasma Calcitonin in Normal Man
Authors: Hunter Heath, Glen W. Sizemore
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

We measured plasma calcitonin concentrations in healthy volunteers (20 men, ages 23-45 yr, mean, 30 yr; 25 women, ages 21-46 yr, mean, 30 yr) with a radioimmunoassay capable of detecting 5 pg of calcitonin/500 μl incubation volume, or 25 pg/ml of unextracted plasma. All subjects had 4-h calcium infusion (15 mg Ca/kg), and 24 subjects had intravenous pentagastrin injection (0.5 μg/kg) on separate days. Men had higher basal plasma immunoreactive calcitonin concentrations than women (P < 0.001): mean, 49 pg/ml (range, <25-73) and 31 pg/ml (range, <25-51), respectively. 18 of the 20 men (90%) responded to induced hypercalcemia with increases in plasma immunoreactive calcitonin; only 14 of the 25 women (56%) responded. In men, the mean increase of plasma immunoreactive calcitonin±SE was 58±9 pg/ml, but for women was only 25±6 pg/ml. 8 of 10 men (80%) responded to pentagastrin with an increase of plasma immunoreactive calcitonin >30 pg/ml, compared with such a response in only 1 of 14 women (7%). These differences of plasma immunoreactive calcitonin responses between the sexes were statistically significant (calcium infusion, P < 0.02; pentagastrin, P < 0.001). The physiologic importance of these observations is unknown, but we speculate that a lifelong, relative deficiency of calcitonin in some women could play a role in age- and sex-related bone loss, particularly during the estrogen-deficient postmenopausal years.
Inverse associations of total and decaffeinated coffee with liver enzyme levels in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999‐2010
Authors: Qian Xiao, Rashmi Sinha, Barry I. Graubard, Neal D. Freedman
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Coffee may have hepatoprotective effects and higher coffee consumption has been associated inversely with levels of liver enzymatic markers. However, it is unclear whether decaffeinated coffee is also associated with liver enzymes. The study population included 27,793 participants, age 20 or older, in the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2010). Coffee intake was evaluated by 24-hour dietary recall. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and gamma-glutamyl transaminase (GGT) were measured. We examined the relationship between coffee intake and enzymatic levels using weighted multiple variable logistic (abnormally elevated levels of enzymes) and linear regression (continuous enzymatic levels). Total coffee consumption was inversely associated with abnormal levels of all four liver enzymes and continuous levels of AST, ALP, and GGT. Compared to those reporting no coffee consumption, participants reporting ≥ 3 cups per day had an odds ratio (OR; 95% confidence interval [CI]) of 0.75 (0.63, 0.89), 0.82 (0.68, 0.98), 0.73 (0.55, 0.95), and 0.69 (0.57, 0.83) for abnormal levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT, respectively. Similar inverse associations were found with decaffeinated coffee intake and abnormal levels of ALT (OR (≥ 2 vs 0 cup/d): 0.62 [0.41, 0.94]), AST (0.74 [0.49, 1.11]), and GGT (0.70 [0.49-1.00]).Higher intakes of coffee, regardless of its caffeine content, were associated with lower levels of liver enzymes.
Assessing the consequences of changing childbirth
Authors: N. Higson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

approach.Case finding, notification of cases, enhanced surveillance, and modification of the environment in which the disease exists are strategies that can usefully be applied to bullying.Doctors are perhaps better placed than parents to push this approach.We need also to recruit the vast majority of children who are neither bullies nor victims.In my survey of a secondary school in Nottingham the response of three quarters of children to the bully- ing of another child was that of a bystander who does not want to get involved; a fifth said they could be persuaded to join in (unpublished data).Whitney and Smith found that most children did nothing to help victims either because they did not know how to help or because they thought it was not their business.2Perhaps this statistic would make a good indicator of the success of an anti- bullying programme.Children should be taught not only not to bully others but also not to tolerate bullying of others.Health care staff working with children in the primary care setting have a vested interest in working in concert with school authorities towards this ideal: they will have less morbidity related to bullying to deal with.One approach would be to regard the detection of a case of bullying as an indication of serious problems in the interrelation- ships of children in the school.As in established child protection procedures, a case conference should be called of all professionals concerned and a strategy agreed for the prevention of future cases.
Sildenafil in left-to-right shunting-induced pulmonary hypertension in piglets
Authors: Benoît Rondelet, François Kerbaul, Ronald Van Beneden, Sohpie Motte, Ives Hubloue, Pierre Fesler, Serge Brimioulle, Jean-Marie Ketelslegers, Myriam Remmelink, Robert Naeije
Journal: Circulation (2003)