tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human Dignity and Bioethics: Essays Commissioned by the President’s Council on Bioethics
Authors: Adam Schulman
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 11694: The Gut Hormone Obestatin Induces Nitric Oxide-Dependent Vasodilation and Inhibits Endothelin-1 Activity in Obese Patients
Authors: Francesca Schinzari, Manfredi Tesauro, Angelo Adamo, Alessandra Paolucci, Valentina Rovella, Nicola Di Daniele, Nadia Mores, Umberto Campia, Carmine Cardillo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Obese patients have vascular dysfunction related to impaired nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasodilation and increased endothelin (ET)-1 activity. Obestatin is a gastrointestinal peptide with favorable metabolic actions linked to obesity and diabetes; it has also been shown to exert cardiovascular benefits in experimental models by producing vascular relaxation via specific activation of endothelium-dependent NO signaling. Here we tested the hypothesis that obestatin might have advantageous impacts on the NO pathway and the ET-1 system in patients with central obesity. To this purpose, forearm blood flow responses to intra-arterial infusion of graded doses of exogenous obestatin (0.2; 0.4; 0.8; 1,6; 3.2 nmol/min, each dose given for 5 min) were assessed in lean subjects (n=5) and in patients with central obesity (n=14), during the concurrent infusion of saline and after NO inhibition by L-NMMA (4 μmol/min for 15 min). In another group of obese patients (n=10), vascular responses to selective blockade of ET A receptors (BQ-123, 10 nmol/min for 60 min) were measured in the absence and the presence of obestatin (0.8 nmol/min). In lean subjects, before NO synthase inhibition obestatin resulted in a progressive increase in forearm flow (60% at the highest dose; P&lt;0.001 vs. baseline); obestatin-induced vasodilation, however, was completely abolished by L-NMMA (P&lt;0.001 vs. saline). Similarly, in obese patients obestatin induced a significant vasodilation (45%; P&lt;0.001 vs. baseline), which was blunted by L-NMMA (16%; P&lt;0.01 vs. saline). Before obestatin, in obese patients ET A receptor blockade resulted in a marked vasodilation (39% flow increase at 60 min; P&lt;0.001 vs. baseline), which was totally abrogated in the presence of obestatin (P&lt;0.001 vs. absence). In conclusion, obestatin produces vasorelaxation in healthy humans via specific activation of endothelium-dependent NO signaling. This beneficial effect of obestatin is preserved in obese arteries, where it is associated with inhibition of ET-1 signaling. These actions of obestatin, therefore, may be important in the normal regulation of vascular function and are clearly relevant to obesity, a condition characterized by increased prevalence of hypertension and cardiovascular complications.
Prognostic impact of nestin expression in resected large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung
Authors: Shinichiro Ryuge, Yuichi Sato, Shi Xu Jiang, Toshihide Matsumoto, Ken Katono, Satoshi Igawa, Masanori Yokoba, Jiichiro Sasaki, Akira Iyoda, Masato Katagiri, Yukitoshi Satoh, Noriyuki Masuda
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung is categorized as a high-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma with an aggressive clinical behavior. Nestin is a class VI intermediate filament protein expressed in stem/progenitor cells during central nervous system development. Recently, we reported that nestin expression is a prognostic indicator of a poorer survival probability in patients with resected NSCLC. In the present study, we aimed to determine its prognostic significance concerning survival in patients with resected LCNEC.  Nestin expression in tumor cells was immunohistochemically studied in 30 patients with resected LCNEC, and its associations with clinicopathologic parameters were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the effect of nestin expression on survival.  Nestin expression was observed in 8 of the 30 (26.7%) LCNECs. Clinicopathologically, no significant association between nestin expression and age, gender, smoking habits, p-TNM stage, tumor size, or nodal status was observed. On survival analysis, nestin expression was significantly associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with LCNEC ( P  = 0.016). Multivariable analysis confirmed that nestin expression increased the hazard of death after adjusting for other clinicopathologic factors (HR= 3.53; 95% CI, 1.21-10.3).  The present study suggests that nestin expression is a prognostic indicator of a poorer survival probability in patients with resected LCNEC, although its prognostic significance still requires confirmation with larger patient populations.  This study was approved by Kitasato university human ethics comittee.
Abstract 2314: Insulin is the Protective Component of Glucose-Insulin-Potassium Solutions during Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Harold L Lazar, Marie McDonnell, Stuart Chipkin, Yusheng Bao, Carmel Fitzgerald, Curtis Hunter, Oz Shapira, Richard Shemin, Howard Cabral
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Maintaining glycemic control(120 –180mg/dl)with GIK solutions in patients with diabetes undergoing CABG decreases perioperative morbidity and enhances long-term survival. The mechanism by which GIK exerts its protective effects is unknown. This study was undertaken to determine whether it is substrate enhancement with glucose, glycemic control with insulin, or the combination of glucose + insulin + potassium which contributes to improved outcomes with GIK in CABG patients with diabetes. One hundred-twenty diabetic patients undergoing isolated CABG surgery were prospectively randomized to achieve glycemic control(120 –180mg/dl)using an INSULIN infusion(100units/100mlNS),LOW GIK(500mlD5W + 80units insulin + 40mEqKCL), and HIGH GIK(D20W + 200units insulin + 80mEqKCL) beginning on anesthetic induction and continuing for 18 hours after surgery. Variables assessed included Major Adverse Events(MAE=death, MI, CVA, atrial fibrillation, infection, ventilation &gt; 24 hours, inotropic usage &gt; 24hours,lenght of stay &gt; 7days), serum glucose, the amount of insulin infused, and serum free fatty acids(ffa).Values are mean+/− standard deviation. HIGH GIK delivered more insulin and resulted in significantly lower levels of glucose and ffa. However, it had no effect on the incidence of MAEs compared to INSULIN infusions without glucose and potassium. Insulin, rather than substrate enhancement with glucose and potassium, is the key element in GIK used in CABG patients with diabetes. Augmenting insulin delivery results in lower levels of glucose and ffa, but has no effect on clinical outcomes as long as gylcemic control(120 –180mg/dl) is achieved. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA National Center. RESULTS
Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment for Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms—Reply
Authors: Charles W. Hoge, Wayne B. Jonas
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Looking forward, looking back—10 years in urology
Authors: Maarten Albersen, Rufus Cartwright, Peter Choyke, S Larry Goldenberg, Howard Goldman, Nathan Lawrentschuk, W Marston Linehan, Declan Murphy, Harris Nagler, Peter Scardino, Linda Shortliffe, Arnulf Stenzl, Dan Theodorescu
Journal: Nature Reviews Urology (2014)
Analysis of national measles surveillance data in Italy from October 2010 to December 2011 and priorities for reaching the 2015 measles elimination goal
Authors: A Filia, A Bella, M C Rota, A Tavilla, F Magurano, M Baggieri, L Nicoletti, S Iannazzo, M G Pompa, S Declich
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

From 1 October 2010 to 31 December 2011, Italy experienced high measles burden with 5,568 measles cases (37.4% laboratory-confirmed) reported to the enhanced measles surveillance system (cumulative incidence in the 15-month reference period: 9.2/100,000 population). Adolescents and young adults were especially affected, and the median age of cases was 18 years. Most cases (95.8%) were either unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated. Complications were reported for 20.3% of cases, including 135 cases of pneumonia, seven of encephalitis and one case of Guillain–Barré syndrome. One death occurred in an immunocompromised adult. Over 1,300 cases were hospitalised. Identified priorities for reaching the measles elimination goal include evidence-based interventions such as reminder/recall for both doses of measles vaccine, supplementary immunisation activities aimed at susceptible age cohorts, and vaccinating healthcare workers.
Change in International Normalized Ratio Among Patients Treated With Dicloxacillin and Vitamin K Antagonists
Authors: Anton Pottegård, Daniel P. Henriksen, Kenneth G. Madsen, Maja Hellfritzsch, Per Damkier, Tore B. Stage
Journal: JAMA (2015)

to lower the anticoagulant effect of warfarin, the most used VKA.
Autosomal-dominant Retinitis Pigrnentosa Associated with an Arg-135-Trp Point Mutation of the Rhodopsin Gene
Authors: Mario R. Pannarale, Barbara Grammatico, Alessandro Iannaccone, Renato Forte, Carmelilia De Bernardo, Luisa Flagiello, Enzo M. Vingolo, Giuseppe Del Porto
Journal: Ophthalmology (1996)
Abstract 258: Did We Already Reach the Best Achievable Quality of Chest Compression in Vienna?
Authors: Sebastian Zeiner
Journal: Circulation (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Annually ~45 citizens per 100,000 have no signs of circulation and are assessed by teams of the Vienna Ambulance Service. Only in 25 percent of these cases sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) is achieved and merely unsatisfying 11.3 percent leave the hospital again. The goal of this project is to follow up on chest compression performances of the ambulance crews in Vienna after the Circulation Improving Resuscitation Care (CIRC) Trial some years ago. METHODS: This observational trial assesses the quality of chest compression based on the guideline recommendations. Data are gathered from run-reports and written event recordings as described by the Utstein criteria including command and control center and emergency call records, ECG, thoracic impedance data, vital parameters as well as hospital records. During the collection of this data, the ambulance service of Vienna received standardized feedback on their CPR performance. RESULTS: From August 1, 2013 to April 30, 2014701 patients were registered. MedianCompression ratewas 108/min.Median fraction of time in which chest compression were given with the target rate of 100 to 120/min, per case is 75% and median hands on fraction was 82%.Mean percentage of minutes with a hands off fraction of 75 or higher is 72% (SD ± 24). Comparing the group who regained ROSC to those who did not no significant difference can be found in either hands on fraction as well as frequency. The confidence interval of hands on fraction within the group that regained ROSC is between 75% and 80% compared to 74% and 78% within the group that did not. CONCLUSION: The missing presence of any difference between the groups with regained ROSC and the one that did not leads to the conclusion that the quality of chest compression is on overall high level and further improvement is hardly possible and will most likely not lead to further more ROSC.
Overexpression of ΔFosB transcription factor(s) increases bone formation and inhibits adipogenesis
Authors: G. Sabatakos, N. A. Sims, J. Chen, K. Aoki, M. B. Kelz, M. Amling, Y. Bouali, K. Mukhopadhyay, K. Ford, E. J. Nestler, R. Baron
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
963. Efficient Suppression of GluR1 Receptor Expression In Vitro and In Vivo by Infection with HIV1 Vectors Expressing siRNA
Authors: Atsushi Miyanohara, Kiyohiko Kinjoh, Mike Hefferan, Osamu Kakinohana, Martin Marsala
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

We have previously demonstrated efficient and stable transduction of neural cells and cell-type specific transgene expression with HIV1-based lentivirus vectors. In the present study, we evaluated efficacy of spinal parenchymal delivery of HIV1 vectors expressing siRNAs against an AMPA receptor GluR1.
Effect of sustained hypoxia on diaphragm length
Authors: Michael Ji, Masato Katagiri, Jenny Jagers, Paul Easton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:  Classic studies suggest an increase in resting end-expiratory lung volume (FRC) with hypoxia. Therefore, hypoxic increases in FRC have been purported to cause decreased resting length of the diaphragm. To date, diaphragm end-expiratory resting baseline length (L BL ) during hypoxia has not been directly measured in any awake intact mammals.   Methods:  18 days after implantation of sonomicrometers in the costal (COS) diaphragm in canines, we measured awake airflow, SpO 2 , ETCO 2 , and COS length during room air breathing then 25 min sustained isocapnic hypoxia (mean 79.5% SpO 2 ). We report: 5 min room air (BASE), sustained hypoxia: first 3 min (PEAK) and final 5 min (PLATEAU), and then 5 min room air (RECOVERY) for breathing pattern and L BL .   Results:  For N=8 (mean 29.5kg), minute ventilation and tidal volume increased significantly from BASE to PEAK, then decreased to PLATEAU (p BL  remained virtually unchanged from BASE to PEAK, however, with PLATEAU L BL  decreased significantly (p BL  remained significantly decreased compared to BASE (p   Conclusion:  Hypoxia induced a significant decrease in diaphragm end-expiratory length. However, changes in diaphragm length occurred only when hypoxia was sustained, not during acute hypoxia. This may impact the force output of a contracting diaphragm  in vivo  during respiratory failure.
Genomics Proving a Powerful Tool for Mapping the Landscape of the Brain
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Polio Today
Authors: Stephen L. Cochi
Journal: JAMA (2008)

In 1953 at the height of polio epidemics in the United States, Salk and colleagues described preliminary findings that led to an inactivated poliovirus vaccine. After review of the scientific evidence favoring artificial immunization against polio, the systematic experimental approach to vaccine development was outlined in detail including the criteria for selection of the vaccine strains, the choice of monkey kidney cells for vaccine virus production in tissue culture, and the inactivation of infectivity by incubation of clarified virus preparations in a 1:250 formalin at 1°C for 7 to 10 days.Preliminary results were reported on the levels of neutralizing serum antibodies induced in 161 human participants who had been injected with the experimental vaccine just a few months earlier. Antibody levels, measured in both tissue culture and in mice, were higher when the vaccine was emulsified in a mineral oil adjuvant and delivered intramuscularly than when the vaccine was prepared in an aqueous suspension and delivered intradermally. Antibody levels to each of the 3 poliovirus serotypes induced by the inactivated vaccines compared favorably with levels induced by natural infection. Formalin inactivation of infectivity, measured by intracerebral inoculation of cynomulgus monkeys, appeared to be irreversible and the induction of neutralizing serum antibodies in human participants appeared to be entirely attributable to the noninfectious experimental vaccines.See PDF for full text of the original JAMA article.
Refining genetic associations in multiple sclerosis
Authors: D. Booth, R. Heard, G. Stewart, A. Goris, R. Dobosi, B. Dubois, A. Oturai, H. B. Søndergaard, F. Sellebjerg, J. Saarela, V. Leppä, A. Palotie, L. Peltonen, B. Fontaine, I. Cournu-Rebeix, F. Clerget-Darpoux, M.-C. Babron, F. Weber, F. Holsboer, B. Müller-Myhsok, P. Rieckmann, A. Kroner, C. Graham, K. Vandenbroeck, S. Hawkins, S. D'Alfonso, L. Bergamaschi, P. Naldi, F. R. Guerini, M. Salvetti, D. Galimberti, R. Q. Hintzen, C. van Duijn, Å. R. Lorentzen, E. G. Celius, H. F. Harbo, A. Spurkland, F. Cucca, M. G. Marrosu, M. Comabella, X. Montalbán, P. Villoslada, T. Olsson, I. Kockum, J. Hillert, M. Ban, A. Walton, S. Sawcer, A. Compston, C. Hawkins, T. Mihalova, Neil Robertson, Gillian Ingram, P. L. De Jager, D. A. Hafler, J. D. Rioux, M. Daly, L. F. Barcellos, A. Ivinson, M. Pericak-Vance, J. Hoksenberg, S. Hauser, J. McCauley, D. Sexton, J. Haines
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2008)
Postponement of Cancer Death and Life Insurance—Reply
Authors: Donn C. Young, Erinn M. Hade
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 18831: Temporal Trends in Incidence, Utilization of Pacemaker, and Outcomes of Complete Heart Block in ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Prakash Harikrishnan, Dhaval Kolte, Chandrasekar Palaniswamy, Sahil Khera, Marjan Mujib, Wilbert S Aronow, Sei Iwai, Paul Eugenio, Seth Lessner, Sachin Sule, Diwakar Jain, Ali Ahmed, Gregg C Fonarow, Deepak L Bhatt, Howard A Cooper, William H Frishman, Julio A Panza
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Cardiac conduction abnormalities are relatively common in acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However there are limited data on the temporal trends in the incidence and outcomes of complete heart block (CHB) in patients with STEMI. Methods: We used the 2003-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample databases to identify all patients >20 years of age hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of STEMI. Patients with prior history of pacemaker implantation, implantable cardioverter defibrillator, cardiac arrest or non-ischemic cardiomyopathy were excluded. Temporal trends were analyzed after adjusting for demographics, hospital characteristics and co-morbidities, using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of the 2,077,081 patients with STEMI from 2003-2011, 45,413 (2.2%) patients had CHB documented (mean age 68±13 years, 58.3% men, and 76% with inferior wall STEMI). In the cohort with CHB, 66.1% underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), 8.8% coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG...
Oranges for My Sister When She Was Nine
Authors: Walt McDonald
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal