tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17839: High-Density Lipoprotein Particle Concentration and Size Are Markers of Residual Cardiovascular Risk in a Coronary Catheterization Cohort
Authors: Robert W McGarrah, Damian M Craig, Carol Haynes, Z E Dowdy, Svati H Shah, William E Kraus
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Residual risk beyond standard risk factors for cardiovascular (CV) events exists despite optimal control of those risk factors. Reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with statin medication remains an important intervention for primary and secondary prevention of CV events. The role of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in residual CV risk is less clear, given that many interventions targeted to raise HDL-C have failed to reduce CV events. We hypothesized that HDL particle concentration (HDL-P) and size are associated with future CV events in a high-risk population after accounting for standard risk factors and might therefore serve as a potential additional CV risk targets.   Methods:  The CATHGEN biorepository consists of subjects undergoing catheterization for clinical suspicion of ischemic heart disease at Duke University. The CV event rate was 30% at the time of this analysis. NMR analyses of lipoprotein particle concentration were performed in frozen plasma obtained from 4,248 CATHGEN subjects. Lipoprotein association with time to event [death/myocardial infarction (MI) or death] was tested by Cox proportional hazards adjusting for age, sex, race, diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking status, body-mass index, LDL-C and HDL-C.   Results:  After adjustment, HDL-P had a strong negative association with future CV events (hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval per 1.0 population standard deviation) for death (0.587 [0.544-0.633], χ 2  4.01e-43) and death/MI (0.613 [0.571-0.659], χ 2  6.62e-41). Greater large HDL particle concentration was associated with greater risk (death 1.72 [1.56-1.90], χ 2  1.94e-26; death/MI 1.62 [1.48-1.78], χ 2  1.3e-23) whereas greater small HDL particle concentration was protective for CV events (death 0.708 [0.667-0.752], χ 2  5.16e-30; death/MI 0.716 [0.677-0.757], χ 2  6.16e-32).   Conclusion:  The favorable association of HDL on CV risk is complex and may relate more to HDL particle function rather than cholesterol content. The strong negative associations of HDL-P and small HDL particles with future CV events, even after adjustment for LDL-C and HDL-C, suggest that HDL-P and size may be important targets for management of residual CV risk in high-risk populations.
Effectiveness of early physiotherapy to prevent lymphoedema after surgery for breast cancer: randomised, single blinded, clinical trial
Authors: M. Torres Lacomba, M. J. Yuste Sanchez, A. Zapico Goni, D. Prieto Merino, O. Mayoral del Moral, E. Cerezo Tellez, E. Minayo Mogollon
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<b>Objective</b> To determine the effectiveness of early physiotherapy in reducing the risk of secondary lymphoedema after surgery for breast cancer. <b>Design</b> Randomised, single blinded, clinical trial. <b>Setting</b> University hospital in Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain. <b>Participants</b> 120 women who had breast surgery involving dissection of axillary lymph nodes between May 2005 and June 2007. <b>Intervention</b> The early physiotherapy group was treated by a physiotherapist with a physiotherapy programme including manual lymph drainage, massage of scar tissue, and progressive active and action assisted shoulder exercises. This group also received an educational strategy. The control group received the educational strategy only. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Incidence of clinically significant secondary lymphoedema (&gt;2 cm increase in arm circumference measured at two adjacent points compared with the non-affected arm). <b>Results</b> 116 women completed the one year follow-up. Of these, 18 developed secondary lymphoedema (16%): 14 in the control group (25%) and four in the intervention group (7%). The difference was significant (P=0.01); risk ratio 0.28 (95% confidence interval 0.10 to 0.79). A survival analysis showed a significant difference, with secondary lymphoedema being diagnosed four times earlier in the control group than in the intervention group (intervention/control, hazard ratio 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.09 to 0.79). <b>Conclusion</b> Early physiotherapy could be an effective intervention in the prevention of secondary lymphoedema in women for at least one year after surgery for breast cancer involving dissection of axillary lymph nodes. <b>Trial registration</b> Current controlled trials ISRCTN95870846.
Vitamin D levels and bronchial obstruction in childhood
Authors: Elena Georgieva, Adriana Anadoliyska, Krasimira Zhilkova, Marta Baleva, Boyana Petkova, Mariana Ardalieva, Mariana Marinova, Daniel Iliev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Recent studies expand the concept of the role of Vitamin D /Vit D/ in the body homeostasis.It has a complex effect on the biology of lung cells in response to inflammation, immunity, recovery and other processes.

Low VitD levels are associated with increasing incidence of asthma both in children and adults in the last decades of life.

The aim of this study was to establish a link between VitD levels and bronchial obstruction in children.

Using chromatography, Vit D levels were investigated in 55 children aged 7 months to 12 years, 32 males and 25 females, 44 with symtoms of bronchial obstruction and 11 with other respiratory diseases. In 45 of them total serum IgE were studied for the establishment of atopy.

In 26 children /47,3%/ VitD deficiency was established with values below 20 ng/ml, in 23 /41,8%/ insufficiency with values between 20 and 30 ng/ml and in only 6 children /10,9%/ VitD values were normal or above 30 ng/ml. In 15 children /33,3%/ elevated total IgE levels were established, all of them with bronchial obstruction.

There was no significant difference in Vit D levels in the groups with and without bronchial obstruction, with and without atopy.

There is a relationship between low levels of Vit D and early manifestation of episodes of bronchial obstruction/all children with bronchial obstruction up to 6 months of age/.

This also applies to the frequency of exacerbations.100% of children with 3 to 6 or more than 6 attacks show VitD deficiency or insufficiency.

These results allow the assumption that low levels of Vit D predispose more often to respiratory infections, which, in combination with atopy, may lead more frequently to expression of bronchial obstruction in children /asthma or bronchiolitis /.
Abstract 14957: Investigation of Myocardial Birefringence using Polarization-Sensitive Optical Coherence Tomography in a Mouse Model of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sun-Joo Jang, Tae Jin Park, Wang-Yuhl Oh
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Although several imaging modalities have been utilized to characterize myocardium, the birefringence of myocardium has not been spotlighted. The polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) is a novel imaging method for the characterization of tissue birefringence. Hypothesis: The birefringence of infarcted myocardium would be different from non-infarcted myocardium. We examined the myocardial birefringence in a mouse coronary artery ligation model using PS-OCT. Methods: Male C57B/6 mice (20-30g) underwent thoracotomy and the ligation of left anterior descending artery. At post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) 3 hours or on post-MI day 28, the left anterior wall of the mice was imaged with PS-OCT in vivo and ex vivo. The local phase retardation for tissue birefringence, the local principal axis directional uniformity for tissue orientation, and the degree of polarization uniformity were demonstrated and compared with collagen fiber staining (picrosirius red). For PS-OCT system, wavelength-swept laser with 140 nm bandwidth (center wavelength = 1,280 nm) and 120 kHz A-line rate was used. Results: The endocardial border could be detected by high birefringence of myocardium. There was no difference in the birefringence between systole and diastole. The infarcted anterior wall showed dyskinesia or hypokinesia. The systolic wall thickening was lower in the infarcted wall compared to the normal anterior wall. At post-MI 3 hours, there was no significant change in myocardial birefringence. On day 28, the infarcted myocardium with scar tissue showed low level of local birefringence with irregular tissue orientation compared to the normal myocardium. The 3D reconstructed images were used to differentiate transmural or subendocardial MI. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that the PS-OCT would be helpful for the evaluation of myocardial function and tissue characterization in myocardial infarction.
Community acquired pneumonia in elderly people
Authors: S J Wort, T R Rogers
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Community acquired pneumonia is the most common reason for acute admission to hospital, with an estimated 50 000 cases occurring each year in the United Kingdom.1 Over 90% of these patients are aged over 65 years and the associated mortality is 16-40%.2 Streptococcus pneumoniae is still the most common causative organism, probably responsible for up to 40% of cases; Mycoplasma pneumoniae (3-23%), Haemophilus influenzae (5-8%), and Legionella pneumophila (3-6%) are the next commonest.2 “Atypical” pathogens are, however, becoming more prominent in old people, and current guidelines on antibiotic treatment may not be appropriate in this age group.

Until recently pneumonia due to atypical pathogens has been considered uncommon in old people: a review of 11 studies of pneumonia identified Chlamydia and Coxiella spp as the cause in only 2% of patients …
Abstract 8683: Systemic to Pulmonary Collateral Flow as Measured by Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging is Associated with Acute Post-Fontan Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Andrew C Glatz, Jonathan J Rome, Adam J Small, Matthew J Gillespie, Yoav Dori, Matthew A Harris, Marc S Keller, Mark A Fogel, Kevin K Whitehead
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Systemic-pulmonary collateral (SPC) flow occurs commonly in single ventricle patients after superior cavo-pulmonary connection, with unclear clinical significance. We sought to evaluate the association between SPC flow and acute post-Fontan clinical outcomes using a novel method of quantifying SPC flow by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Hypothesis: In single ventricle patients with Stage 2 physiology, a greater amount of SPC flow, as quantified by CMR, will be associated with prolonged hospital and chest tube duration following Fontan completion. Methods: We performed a retrospective medical record review of the Fontan hospitalization of all patients who had SPC flow quantified by CMR prior to Fontan completion in order to evaluate associations between measures of SPC flow and post-Fontan clinical outcomes. Results: Forty-four subjects were included who had Fontan completion between May, 2008 and September, 2010. SPC flow prior to Fontan measured 1.5 ± 0.9 L/min/m 2 , accounting for 31 ± 11% of total aortic flow and 44 ± 15% of total pulmonary venous flow. There was a significant linear association between natural log-transformed duration of hospitalization and SPC flow as a proportion of total aortic (rho=0.31, p=0.04) and total pulmonary venous flow (rho=0.29, p=0.05). After adjustment for Fontan type and presence of a fenestration, absolute SPC flow was significantly associated with hospital duration ≥ 7 days (OR=9.2, p=0.02) and chest tube duration ≥ 10 days (OR=22.7, p=0.009). Similar associations exist for SPC flow as a percentage of total aortic (OR=1.09, p=0.048 for hospitalization ≥ 7 days; OR=1.24, p=0.007 for chest tube duration ≥ 10 days) and total pulmonary venous flow (OR=1.07, p=0.048 for hospitalization ≥ 7 days; OR=1.18, p=0.006 for chest tube duration ≥ 10 days). Conclusion: A greater amount of SPC flow before Fontan, as measured by CMR, is associated with increased duration of hospitalization and chest tube following Fontan completion.
Abstract 13175: Fasting and Postprandial Triglycerides and Cardiovascular Event in Stable Coronary Artery Disease: 4-Years Follow-Up of the Homburg Cream & Sugar Study
Authors: Christian Werner, Angelika Knoll, Michael Böhm, Ulrich Laufs
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  The aim of the prospective Homburg Cream & Sugar study was to compare risk prediction by fasting and postprandial serum triglycerides (TG) in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) on guideline-recommended medication.   Methods & Results:  N=514 consecutive patients with angiographically confirmed, clinically stable CAD (median age 68 years, 83% male, 95% on a statin, median LDL-C 105mg/dl) received a sequential oral triglyceride (OTT, 75g cream fat) and glucose tolerance test (OGT, 75g glucose) to obtain standardized measurements of postprandial TG and glucose kinetics. Lipid and glucose parameters were measured at fasting, 3, 4, and 5 hours after the OTT/OGT.  Fasting TG were strongly associated with the area under the curve (AUC) of the postprandial TG increase (R=0.93, p 150mg/dl) were younger, more obese, more were smoking, they had a higher blood pressure, lower HDL- and higher LDL-C and more had glucose intolerance or a metabolic syndrome. A similar association was observed with the AUC tertiles.  The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of death and hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome or hospitalization for unplanned, symptom-induced coronary angiography and revascularization within 48 months. Time-to-event analyses (Kaplan-Meier curves, Cox regression) demonstrated that both fasting and postprandial TG predicted the primary outcome (fasting TG >150mg/dl vs.  1120mg/dl vs.  150mg/dl (HR 1.79, 95%-CI 1.04-3.09, p=0.03). Risk prediction by TG was independent of traditional risk factors, medication, glucose metabolism, LDL-C and HDL-C.   Conclusions:  Fasting serum triglycerides >150 mg/dl predict cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease on guideline-recommended medication. Assessment of postprandial TG does not improve risk prediction compared to fasting TG in these patients.
Abstract 11495: The Association between Amino Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide and Incident Heart Failure in Diabetes- The Multi Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Pelbreton C Balfour, Alain G Bertoni, Karol E Watson, Eui-Young Choi, Joao A Lima, David Herrington
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background  Heart Failure has become a common manifestation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among diabetics. There is limited data on the role of amino-terminal pro-BNP (NT-proBNP) as a predictor of incident heart failure (HF) in diabetics.   Objective  To investigate the relationship between plasma levels of NT-proBNP and incident HF in diabetics in a large mult-ethnic cohort free of CVD.   Methods  The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a multicenter cohort study of 6,814 white, African American, Hispanic, and Chinese participants aged 45 to 84 years. NT-proBNP was assayed in 5597 participants. Cox proportional hazard (CPH) models were used to analyze the association of NT-proBNP with incident HF in diabetes and to formally test for an interaction between NT-proBNP and diabetes.   Results  During a median follow-up of 6.4 years, 124 participants developed HF. The incidence rate was significantly higher in diabetics compared to non-diabetics (9.66 vs 2.72 per 1000 person-years). Similarly, the adjusted incidence rates by NT-proBNP quartiles demonstrated a signficantly higher incidence of HF in patients with diabetes and NT-proBNP values above the 75th percentile (Table 1). Participants with diabetes had higher NT-proBNP values (56.5 pg/ml [50.7- 62.9]) than those without diabetes (50.1 pg/ml [48.5-51.8]) (p=0.024). In CPH models, participants with diabetes had 2.32 times higher risk of incident HF when compared to non-diabetics (p   Conclusions  NT-proBNP levels were significantly elevated in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. Participants with elevated NT-proBNP had significantly increased risk of incident HF in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. Our data suggest that screening diabetic patients for plasma NT-proBNP may identify those that need further evaluation by echocardiogram and intervention for left ventricular dysfunction.
Multicenter study on prognostic factors in 692 patients with brain metastases of malignant melanoma
Authors: T. K. Eigentler, A. Figl, D. Krex, P. Mohr, P. Kurschat, W. Tilgen, A. Bostroem, O. Heese, C. Garbe, D. Schadendorf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

9081 Background: This multicenter study aimed to identify prognostic factors in patients with brain metastases from malignant melanoma (BM-MM). Methods: In a retrospective survey in nine cancer centres of the German Cancer Society 692 patients were identified with BM-MM during the period 1986–2007. Overall survival was analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimator and compared by log-rank analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify prognostic factors significant for survival. Results: The median overall survival of the entire cohort was 5.0 months (95%CI: 4–5). Prognostic factors in the univariate Kaplan- Meier analysis were: Karnofsky Performance Status (≥ 70 vs. &lt;70; p&lt;0.001), number of BM-MM (single vs. multiple; p&lt;0.001), pre-treatment levels of serum LDH (normal vs. elevated; p&lt;0.001), pre-treatment levels of S100 (normal vs. elevated; p&lt;0.001), Prognostic groups according to Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (Class I vs. Class II vs. Class III; p=0.0485), kind of applied treatment (for the cohort with single BM-MM, only) (stereotactic radiotherapy or neurosurgical metastasectomy vs. others; p=0.036). Cox proportional hazards models revealed pre-treatment elevated level of serum LDH (HR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.3–2.0; p=0.00013) and number of BM-MM (HR: 1.6, 95%CI: 1.3–2.0; p=0.00011) in the whole cohort of patients as independent prognostic variables, whereas in patients with single BM-MM the kind of applied treatment (stereotactic radiotherapy or neurosurgical metastasectomy vs. others; HR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.1–1.9; p=0.0061) was identified as unique prognostic factor. Conclusions: Overall survival of patients with BM-MM mainly depends on the number of metastases and pre-treatment levels of LDH. In case of a single brain metastasis the application of stereotactic radiotherapy or neurosurgical metastasectomy is by far the most important factor for improving survival. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
In Memoriam: Professor Emeritus Van Rensselaer Potter II (1911–2001)
Authors: James E. Trosko, Henry C. Pitot
Journal: Cancer Research (2003)

Van Rensselaer Potter II, age 90, died September 6, 2001, after a brief illness. Dr. Potter was a biochemist who devoted his scientific career to cancer research and pioneered efforts to develop the field of Bioethics, which he named. He was a Professor of Oncology at the McArdle Laboratory for
Mobilization of epidermal Langerhans cells
Authors: T.J. Ryan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Mobilization of epidermal Langerhans cells Get access T.J. Ryan T.J. Ryan Oxford Centre for Health Care Research and Development, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford OX3 7PD, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 4, 1 October 2000, Page 893, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03855.x Published: 01 October 2000
Abnormalities in Beat to Beat Complexity of Heart Rate Dynamics in Patients With a Previous Myocardial Infarction11This study was supported by grants from the Finnish Foundation for Cardiovascular Research and the Medical Council of the Academy of Finland, Helsinki, Finland.
Authors: TIMO H MÄKIKALLIO, Tapio SeppÄNEN, MATTI NIEMELÄ, K.E. JUHANI AIRAKSINEN, MIKKO TULPPO, HEIKKI V HUIKURI
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Hypoxia response element of the human vascular endothelial growth factor gene mediates transcriptional regulation by nitric oxide: control of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 activity by nitric oxide
Authors: Hideo Kimura, Alessandro Weisz, Yukiko Kurashima, Kouichi Hashimoto, Tsutomu Ogura, Fulvio D'Acquisto, Raffaelo Addeo, Masatoshi Makuuchi, Hiroyasu Esumi
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract 925: Single nucleotide polypmorphisms in the estrogen receptor gene as a determining factor in Tamoxifen-treated ovarian cancer
Authors: Wilfrido Mojica, Paul Mojica, Don Sykes
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Epithelial Ovarian Carcinomas (EOC) frequently present as late stage malignancies. Because of this lengthy, clinically silent period, a significant number of mutations may accumulate with each emerging clonal population. After surgical removal and chemotherapy, recurrent disease may still occur. Opting for hormonal therapy is a treatment consideration for those patients who have asymptomatic recurrence or, if they are not tolerating treatment well, may require a break from chemotherapy. However, because of the aggressive nature of EOC, hormonal treatment should be administered only if it will provide some efficacious benefit. The active metabolite of Tamoxifen (OH-tamoxifen) can function as a hormonal antagonistic agent to estrogen driven EOCs. However, single nucleotide variations and/or mutations in the ligand binding domain (LBD) of the estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) gene may negatively affect the ability of OH-tamoxifen to bind and effect its desired action, resulting in wasted time and treatment. Identification of nucleotide variants/ mutations in the ESR1 LBD may be of clinical importance by identifying patients with EOC who may be better suited for treatment with other agents. In this study we identified twelve cases of ESR1(+) EOC in which the treating clinician had requested immunohistochemical confirmation of ESR1 expression. Four separate primer pairs were designed to encompass the amino acids responsible for OH-tamoxifen binding identified from a previous crystallography study. These same regions responsible for binding OH-tamoxifen were also queried in the dbSNP database for nucleotide variations. Representative tissue blocks with &amp;gt;80% tumor content were selected from each case. DNA was extracted from formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections and subjected to the polymerase chain reaction creating 48 different samples. The resulting amplicons were purified and sequenced, followed by basic local alignment analysis to the most recent NCBI homo sapien gene annotation for the ESR1 gene. No variants were identified in the dbSNP database for the regions of interest. Our results found only one silent nucleotide variation which was located in exon 10. Prior to this study the justification for using tamoxifen in EOC was empiric. Our results indicate that the absence of nucleotide variations in the critical ESR1 LBD for OH-tamoxifen provide scientific evidence and support for its’ continued usage as an optional treatment modality in ESR1(+)EOC. Citation Format: Wilfrido Mojica, Paul Mojica, Don Sykes. Single nucleotide polypmorphisms in the estrogen receptor gene as a determining factor in Tamoxifen-treated ovarian cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 925. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-925
Bactericidal activity of three β-lactams alone or in combination with a β-lactamase inhibitor and two aminoglycosides against Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring extended-spectrum β-lactamases
Authors: Micheline Roussel-Delvallez, Frédéric Wallet, Anne Dao, Valérie Marti, Danièle Sirot, Gilles Beaucaire, René Courcol
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1998)