tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endothelial progenitor cell culture and differentiation in vitro: a methodological comparison using human umbilical cord blood
Authors: J Eggermann
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2003)

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) can contribute to vascular repair and targeted tumour therapy. Little is known about generating EPC from human umbilical cord blood. We therefore compared methods for purification of EPC from human umbilical cord blood.Mononuclear cells were isolated from human umbilical cord blood by density gradient centrifugation and used either unselected or after CD34 preselection. Unselected mononuclear cells were cultured for 9 days. Culture-dish-adherent (CDAC) and non-adherent (CDNAC) CD34+ cells were cultured separately for 4 weeks. Surface markers were assessed by immunofluorescence staining and FACS analysis.In unselected mononuclear cells, VEGF-R2 and VE-cadherin expression increased up to day 6. They stained positive with UEA-1 and took up acetylated LDL. Expression of CD45 and CD14 decreased over time, but remained strong. CD133 and CD34 were not expressed. CD34+-CDNAC acquired an endothelial phenotype over time with an increase of VEGFR-2 and von Willebrand factor (vWF). CD45 and CD14 decreased, while CD34 and the progenitor-cell marker CD133 remained strongly expressed. CD34(+)-CDAC showed a strong increase in VEGFR-2, CD133, CD34 and vWF, while CD14 decreased, and CD45 did not change.Putative EPC can be obtained from human umbilical cord blood. When selected for CD34, cells can be differentiated in culture to express markers of mature endothelial cells, while keeping progenitor markers. In contrast, short-term culture of unselected mononuclear cells leads to an endothelioid-monocytoid phenotype devoid of progenitor markers. Thus, the outgrowth from CD34-selected cells appears to be superior to short-term culture of unselected mononuclear cells with regard to endothelial cell-lineage specific differentiation of cells with a progenitor marker profile.
Needle-stick injuries in the National Health Service: a culture of silence
Authors: B Elmiyeh, I S Whitaker, M J James, C A A Chahal, A Galea, K Alshafi
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2004)

Injury by contaminated sharp instruments and needles constitutes a major occupational hazard for healthcare workers. In a confidential survey at a district general hospital, 300 healthcare professionals were asked about their personal experience of needle-stick injury and their attitudes to reporting. 279 individuals responded, of whom 38% had experienced at least one needle-stick (mean 1.8) in the past year and 74% had sustained such an injury during their careers (mean 3.0). Although 80% of respondents were aware that such incidents should be notified, only 51% of those affected had reported all needle-stick injuries. Doctors were less likely to report than nurses, despite a higher liability to injury. This survey adds to evidence of a culture of silence pertaining to needle-stick injuries. The consequent risks to health, and the ethical and financial implications, remain uncertain.
Abstract 1233: A triad of Brk, HER2 and STAT3 in regulating epithelial and mesenchymal transition and survival of breast cancer cells
Authors: Midan Ai
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Breast tumor kinase (Brk) is a nonreceptor protein-tyrosine kinase recently shown to be coexpressed with human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) at high levels in tumor specimens from patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. Brk is associated with HER2 in breast cancer cells and can directly phosphorylate signal transducers and activators of transcription-3 (STAT3). However, the biological functions of these interactions remain largely unknown. In current study, we developed a subline from HER2-transfected MCF7 breast cancer cells through in vivo selection in nude mice. Overexpression of HER2 led to a higher level of Brk in MCF7 cells and the in vivo selection resulted in a subline with markedly enhanced epithelial and mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype and markedly increased migration potential. We named the subline cells EMT1. Both the EMT phenotype and survival of the EMT1 cells heavily depend on Brk, because knockdown of Brk through RNA interference reversed the EMT phenotype, reduced cell migration potential and induced cell death via apoptosis in the EMT1 cells. We further found that the level of activation-specific phosphorylated STAT3 was markedly increased in the EMT1 cells compared with control vector-transfected or HER2-transfected MCF7 cells. Knockdown of Brk significantly reduced the level of STAT3 phosphorylation in the EMT1 cells. Overexpression of a constitutively active STAT3 counteracted Brk knockdown-induced inhibition of cell migration potential and Brk knockdown-induced apoptosis in the EMT1 cells. Together, these preliminary findings support a new paradigm for regulating breast cancer cell EMT and survival that involves interaction and coordination between Brk, HER2, and STAT3. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1233. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1233
Linear cutaneous leishmaniasis occurring on a leg affected by tuberculoid leprosy
Authors: K. Al-Aboud, K. Al-Hawasawi, V. Ramesh, D. Al-Aboud, A. Al-Githami
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Journal Article Linear cutaneous leishmaniasis occurring on a leg affected by tuberculoid leprosy Get access K. Al‐Aboud, K. Al‐Aboud Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Hospital, PO Box 5440, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Al‐Hawasawi, K. Al‐Hawasawi Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Hospital, PO Box 5440, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. Ramesh, V. Ramesh Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Hospital, PO Box 5440, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Al‐Aboud, D. Al‐Aboud Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Jiad Hospital, Makkah, Saudi Arabia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Al‐Githami A. Al‐Githami Dermatology Division, Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia E‐mail: amoa65@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 147, Issue 5, 1 November 2002, Pages 1022–1023, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.49714.x Published: 01 November 2002
Autologous Islet Transplantation With Remote Islet Isolation After Pancreas Resection for Chronic Pancreatitis
Authors: Denise S. Tai, Na Shen, Gregory L. Szot, Andrew Posselt, Nicholas J. Feduska, Andrew Habashy, Barbara Clerkin, Erin Core, Ronald W. Busuttil, O. Joe Hines, Howard A. Reber, Gerald S. Lipshutz
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

IMPORTANCE Autologous islet transplantation is an elegant and effective method for preserving euglycemia in patients undergoing near-total or total pancreatectomy for severe chronic pancreatitis.However, few centers worldwide perform this complex procedure, which requires interdisciplinary coordination and access to a sophisticated Food and Drug Administration-licensed islet-isolating facility.OBJECTIVE To investigate outcomes from a single institutional case series of near-total or total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation using remote islet isolation. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSRetrospective cohort study between March 1, 2007, and December 31, 2013, at tertiary academic referral centers among 9 patients (age range, 13-47 years) with chronic pancreatitis and reduced quality of life after failed medical management.INTERVENTIONS Pancreas resection, followed by transport to a remote facility for islet isolation using a modified Ricordi technique, with immediate transplantation via portal vein infusion.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Islet yield, pain assessment, insulin requirement, costs, and transport time. RESULTSEight of nine patients had successful islet isolation after near-total or total pancreatectomy.Four of six patients with total pancreatectomy had islet yields exceeding 5000 islet equivalents per kilogram of body weight.At 2 months after surgery, all 9 patients had significantly reduced pain or were pain free.Of these patients, 2 did not require insulin, and 1 required low doses.The mean transport cost was $16 527, and the mean transport time was 3½ hours.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Pancreatic resection with autologous islet transplantation for severe chronic pancreatitis is a safe and effective final alternative to ameliorate debilitating pain and to help prevent the development of surgical diabetes.Because many centers lack access to an islet-isolating facility, we describe our experience using a regional 2-center collaboration as a successful model to remotely isolate cells, with outcomes similar to those of larger case series.
ACUTE FRONTAL SINUSITIS.
Authors: C. M. HARRIS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Although writers frequently refer to ocular phenomena occurring as complications or symptoms of disease of the accessory cavities of the nose, I report this case in order to emphasize the importance of differential diagnosis and to illustrate the fallacy of too strictly limiting one's observation to the organ which exhibits the more pronounced symptoms. <h3>History.</h3> —A minister, aged 39, gave a history of good general health except for a chronic rhinitis of moderate degree. He had worn glasses during the past sixteen years. The latest pair proved to be lenses for the correction of simple myopia. I later found a marked degree of compound myopic astigmatism, which being corrected, greatly improved the vision. The patient had always been singularly free from the usual symptoms of eyestrain, seeking glasses only as a means of improving vision. In the latter part of the winter of 1897 he contracted a "cold" which was
EXTRAPIGMENTARY EFFECTS OF MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING HORMONE IN AMENORRHŒIC WOMEN
Authors: AbbaJ. Kastin, Stig Kullander, N.E. Borglin, Bruno Dahlberg, Kjell Dyster-Aas, C.E.T. Krakau, DavidH. Ingvar, M.Clinton Miller, CyrilY. Bowers, AndrewV. Schally
Journal: The Lancet (1968)
Cell-free fetal DNA and RNA in maternal blood: implications for safer antenatal testing
Authors: C. F Wright, L. S Chitty
Journal: BMJ (2009)

#### Summary points

The landmark discovery that cell-free fetal DNA circulates in maternal blood during pregnancy has stimulated research worldwide into many potential applications in obstetric care.1 Improvements in molecular genetic technology over the same period have enabled the translation of cell-free fetal DNA testing into clinical practice for early non-invasive prenatal identification of some genetic traits. However, complex wider ethical, legal, and social problems associated with the technology, as well as implications for clinical and laboratory services, still need careful consideration. This article gives an overview of recent developments in cell-free fetal nucleic acid technology and its implications for non-invasive prenatal diagnosis and screening.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Collaboration, and Science Direct using the terms “non-invasive prenatal diagnosis” and “free fetal DNA” (and common variations), in addition to using personal archives of references. We also led a working group of experts and key stakeholders in the United Kingdom to review the area and make recommendations for implementation of this technology in the NHS.

Prenatal screening and diagnosis form a routine part of antenatal …
Collaborative care for depression
Authors: Gregory Simon
Journal: BMJ (2006)

have mild symptoms of respiratory tract infection but are concerned that they might have influenza.There is no evidence to warrant deviating from current guidelines on managing influenza, in which antibiotic treatment is usually restricted to people with signs and symptoms of pneumonia, especially the very young and very old and those with underlying diseases.Widespread prophylactic or pre-emptive use of antibiotics could encourage antibiotic resistance and thereby counterbalance any apparent short term benefits.Although influenza may be complicated by pneumonia in only a minority of patients, in severe cases it will be difficult to distinguish purely viral pneumonia from bacterial pneumonia. 7Therefore, even though most patients with severe flu-like illness will have influenza, such patients must be treated with antibiotics, especially those treated in hospital.Should current recommendations on empirical antibiotic treatment be adjusted?Patients should have antibiotics which are effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae.Although all guidelines for the empirical treatment of community acquired pneumonia cover Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus poses more of a challenge.In the United States and Europe infections caused by community associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) are emerging. 8In some urban centres, as many as half of all Staphylococcus aureus samples recovered from skin and soft tissue infections among outpatients are CA-MRSA. 9In such places CA-MRSA should be considered the causative pathogen in episodes of severe community acquired pneumonia that need admission to hospital.Furthermore, in areas with a high prevalence of penicillin resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae doctors should ensure that they give -lactam antibiotics in adequate doses.Finally, doctors might also need to consider other measures.Pneumococcal vaccination might offer some protection against secondary bacterial infections, although randomised trials do not indicate that polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines would be protective in preventing pneumonia and death. 10ecently introduced technology now allows rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus carriage, which could be used to identify patients at increased risk for secondary pneumonia. 11Both measures would need substantial financial investments in the absence of evidence of efficacy.Modern communication technology, rapid diagnostic testing, and better preparedness should yield real understanding of these questions in the first weeks and months of a pandemic.In the meantime we will have to rely on conventional wisdom.
THE VISCERAL LESIONS OF KAPOSI'S DISEASE*
Authors: P. TEMIME, A. STAHL, Mme. BERARD-BADIER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1961)

Journal Article THE VISCERAL LESIONS OF KAPOSI'S DISEASE Get access P. TEMIME, P. TEMIME Marseilles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. STAHL, A. STAHL Marseilles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Mme. BERARD‐BADIER Mme. BERARD‐BADIER Marseilles Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 73, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1961, Pages 303–309, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1961.tb14452.x Published: 01 August 1961
Congenital Heart Disease in an Asymptomatic 29-Year-Old Woman
Authors: Geun C. Jang
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. S. Boyd Eaton: This patient, a 29-year-old white woman, had been known to have an asymptomatic heart murmur since birth. At the ages of 16 years and 19 years, she had subacute bacterial endocarditis which required hospitalization. In recent years, the patient has complained of easy fatigability, some chest pain, and occasional ankle edema. She denies cyanosis, exertional dyspnea, or orthopnea. Physical examination revealed a slightly enlarged heart. A grade 5/6 pansystolic murmur was heard maximally at the lower left sternal border transmitted to the axilla and neck. Blood pressure was 128/78 mm Hg and pulse rate was 100 beats per minute with occasional premature beats. Electrocardiogram showed incomplete left frontal branch block and left ventricular hypertrophy. <h3>Discussion</h3> Dr. Laurence L. Robbins: Dr. Tomchik, what do you think about this case? Dr. Frederick S. Tomchik: The roentgenographic configuration of the heart is quite unusual (Fig 1). The apex is
The Phytoestrogen Genistein Produces Acute Nitric Oxide–Dependent Dilation of Human Forearm Vasculature With Similar Potency to 17β-Estradiol
Authors: H. A. Walker, T. S. Dean, T. A. B. Sanders, G. Jackson, J. M. Ritter, P. J. Chowienczyk
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Genistein, a phytoestrogen, may have estrogenic cardioprotective actions. We investigated whether genistein influences endothelium-dependent vasodilation in forearm vasculature of healthy human subjects and compared the effects of genistein with those of 17β-estradiol. Methods and Results —The brachial arterial was cannulated with a 27-gauge needle for drug infusion. Forearm blood flow responses were measured with strain-gauge plethysmography. Genistein (10 to 300 nmol/min, each dose for 6 minutes) produced a dose-dependent increase in forearm blood flow from 3.4±0.3 to 9.6±1.3 mL · min −1 · 100 mL forearm −1 (mean±SEM) in men (n=9, P &lt;0.0001 by ANOVA). The mean forearm venous concentration of genistein during infusion of the highest dose was 1.8±0.3 μmol/L in 6 additional men. Genistein produced a similar increase in blood flow in premenopausal women. Daidzein, another phytoestrogen, was ineffective, but equimolar concentrations of 17β-estradiol caused similar vasodilation to genistein. Responses to genistein and 17β-estradiol were inhibited to the same degree by the NO synthase inhibitor N G -monomethyl- l -arginine. A threshold dose of genistein potentiated the endothelium-dependent vasodilator acetylcholine but not the endothelium-independent vasodilator nitroprusside. Conclusions —Genistein causes l -arginine/NO-dependent vasodilation in forearm vasculature of human subjects with similar potency to 17β-estradiol and potentiates endothelium-dependent vasodilation to acetylcholine.
Signal-regulatory protein α (SIRPα) but not SIRPβ is involved in T-cell activation, binds to CD47 with high affinity, and is expressed on immature CD34+CD38−hematopoietic cells
Authors: Martina Seiffert, Peter Brossart, Charles Cant, Marina Cella, Marco Colonna, Wolfram Brugger, Lothar Kanz, Axel Ullrich, Hans-Jörg Bühring
Journal: Blood (2001)
Simultaneous Dacryocystography and Dacryoscintigraphy Using SPECT/CT in the Diagnosis of Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Authors: Adam Kemeny-Beke, Lajos Szabados, Sandor Barna, Jozsef Varga, Laszlo Galuska, Beata Kettesy, Rudolf Gesztelyi, Bela Juhasz, Laszlo Toth, Andras Berta, Ildiko Garai
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Epiphora, an abnormal overflow of tears, is commonly caused by tear drainage system anomalies including nasolacrimal duct obstruction. To assess morphologic abnormalities, dacryocystography by CT is used when CT contrast material is syringed into the lacrimal drainage system. To evaluate the function of the system, dacryoscintigraphy is the most readily available noninvasive method. In the case presented, a 43-year-old man was referred to our clinic with an 8 months’ history of indefinite left side epiphora. After performing dacryoscintigraphy, we acquired SPECT/CT images during dacryocystography by CT to establish the surgical indication.
Intensive glucose control increased mortality and did not prevent CV events compared with standard glucose control in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Rozalina Grubina, Steven A. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club17 May 2011Intensive glucose control increased mortality and did not prevent CV events compared with standard glucose control in type 2 diabetesRozalina Grubina, MD, Steven A. Smith, MDRozalina Grubina, MDMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA (R.G., S.A.S.)Search for more papers by this author, Steven A. Smith, MDMayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA (R.G., S.A.S.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-10-201105170-02002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationThe ACCORD Study Group, Gerstein HC, Miller ME, et al. Long-term effects of intensive glucose lowering on cardiovascular outcomes. N Engl J Med. 2011;364:818-28. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21366473Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Cardiology: Endocrinology: References1 Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes Study Group, Gerstein HC, Miller ME, et al. Effects of intensive glucose lowering in type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2545-59. [PMID: 18539917] Google Scholar2 ADVANCE Collaborative Group, Patel A, MacMahon S, et al. Intensive blood glucose control and vascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2560-72. [PMID: 18539916] Google Scholar3 American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes—2011. Diabetes Care. 2011;34 Suppl 1:S11-61. [PMID: 21193625] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Rozalina Grubina, MD; Steven A. Smith, MDAffiliations: Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA (R.G., S.A.S.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 May 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 May 2011Volume 154, Issue 10Page: JC5-2KeywordsGlucoseHbA1cHypoglycemiaMortalityMyocardial infarctionRenal diseasesResearch laboratoriesStrokeType 2 diabetesWeight gain ePublished: 17 May 2011 Issue Published: 17 May 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The New Human Tissue Kallikrein Gene Family: Structure, Function, and Association to Disease*
Authors: George M. Yousef, Eleftherios P. Diamandis
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2001)

The human tissue kallikrein gene family was, until recently, thought to consist of only three genes. Two of these human kallikreins, prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein 2, are currently used as valuable biomarkers of prostatic carcinoma. More recently, new kallikrein-like genes have been discovered. It is now clear that the human tissue kallikrein gene family contains at least 15 genes. All genes share important similarities, including mapping at the same chromosomal locus (19q13.4), significant homology at both the nucleotide and protein level, and similar genomic organization. All genes encode for putative serine proteases and most of them are regulated by steroid hormones. Recent data suggest that at least a few of these kallikrein genes are connected to malignancy. In this review, we summarize the recently accumulated knowledge on the human tissue kallikrein gene family, including gene and protein structure, predicted enzymatic activities, tissue expression, hormonal regulation, and alternative splicing. We further describe the reported associations of the human kallikreins with various human diseases and identify future avenues for research.
Financing Medical Education
Authors: Maurice B. Strauss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

Tuition, microscopes and other instruments, textbooks, lodging and meals annually cost the student attending a private medical school in the Northeast at least $4,500. An occasional trip home, clothes, a few moments of relaxation and travel to and from hospitals during the clinical years bring the total for an unmarried student to over $5,000 annually.Fifty years ago it was taken for granted that only those whose parents were wealthy enough to finance their children through medical school would attend the elite private institutions. Although tuition for in-state residents was lower in state schools, the costs of medical education tended . . .