tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Documented and clinically suspected bacterial infection precipitating intensive care unit admission in patients with hematological malignancies: impact on outcome
Authors: Dominique D. Benoit, Pieter O. Depuydt, Renaat A. Peleman, Fritz C. Offner, Koenraad H. Vandewoude, Dirk P. Vogelaers, Stijn I. Blot, Lucien A. Noens, Francis A. Colardyn, Johan M. Decruyenaere
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2005)
Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia and Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula
Authors: Corrin H. Hodgson, Howard B. Burchell, C. Allen Good, O. Theron Clagett
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

LESS than a century ago a young man came to this country from Germany. He married and raised a family of 9 children. In 1920 he died at the age of seventy-four years, having passed on to his 330 descendants an inexorable familial disease, hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Of the descendants studied we have found nearly 40 per cent to have telangiectasia and more than 6 per cent to have pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas. This dramatizes the importance of 1 individual within a family, and emphasizes the need for further study of significant hereditary traits.Acquaintance with some of the members of this . . .
Accumulation of In-111 Octreotide in Brain Infarcts: A Case Report
Authors: STEFAN D. MIRON, DAVID MARKOWITZ, ANTHONY MINOTTI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

Presented is a case in which there was significant accumulation of In-111 Octreotide in brain infarcts. It is likely that the accumulation was nonspecific and due to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier.
Pulsus Alternans in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: THEODORE COOPER, EUGENE BRAUNWALD, ANDREW G. MORROW
Journal: Circulation (1958)

Alternation in the strength of left ventricular contractions was noted relatively frequently in patients with acquired aortic stenosis, but not in patients with congenital aortic stenosis of similar severity. The product of left ventricular systolic pressure and heart rate, an index of the myocardial oxygen requirement, was significantly higher in those patients who exhibited persistent pulsus alternans.
Pesticide-induced immunotoxicity: are Great Lakes residents at risk?
Authors: P T Thomas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Several organophosphate and organochlorine compounds, including pesticides commonly found in the Great Lakes basin, have the potential to induce immunotoxicity. Because of biomagnification and accumulation in the food chain, Great Lakes residents may inadvertently be exposed to these compounds and thus face increased risk of immune dysfunction. In spite of the laboratory animal data and evidence from occupational exposures that suggest immunotoxicity, there is no definitive evidence as yet that environmental exposure to these xenobiotics poses a significant threat to the human immune system that is sufficient to predispose residents of the Great Lakes basin to increased disease. However, uncertainties with regard to exposure levels, predictability of tests, suitability of the animal models, and immune reserve cannot be ruled out when making risk assessment decisions such as this.
Autoimmune thyroid disease in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: D Pyne
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2002)

The reported prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease (3.9-24%) and antithyroid antibodies (11-51%) in SLE varies considerably. Early reports were mainly based on short term studies of small cohorts.To report the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid antibodies in 300 patients with SLE, followed up at our centre between 1978 and 2000, by a retrospective analysis of case notes.The prevalence (5.7%) of hypothyroidism in our cohort was higher than in the normal population (1%), while that of hyperthyroidism (1.7%) was not significantly different. Overall 42/300 (14%) of our cohort had thyroid antibodies, rising to 15/22 (68%) in the subgroup who also had thyroid disease (p<0.001). Both antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies were detected. The antibodies were found in equally high frequency in the hyperthyroid subgroup (80% patients), whereas in the hypothyroid subgroup antimicrosomal antibodies were more frequent than antithyroglobulin antibodies (64% v 41%). There was no significant difference in the frequency with which antimicrosomal or antithyroglobulin antibodies were detected between the hyperthyroid and hypothyroid subgroups (p>0.2).Our patients with SLE had a prevalence of hypothyroidism, but not hyperthyroidism, greater than that of the normal population. The presence of either condition was associated with a higher frequency of both antimicrosomal and antithyroglobulin antibodies.
Differential Effect of Dietary Methionine on the Biopotency of Selenomethionine and Selenite in Cancer Chemoprevention1
Authors: C. Ip
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

The influence of a low methionine intake on the chemopreventive efficacy of selenomethionine versus selenite was compared in the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene induced mammary tumor model in rats. Animals were fed from weaning a purified 20% casein diet with or without 0.3% methionine supplementation. Selenomethionine or selenite, at a final concentration of 3 ppm of selenium (Se), was added to the diet starting 5 days after DMBA administration. Control rats continued to receive the basal dicts which contained 0.1 ppm of Se. Results of the carcinogenesis experiment indicated that suboptimal dietary methionine significantly reduced the protective effect of selenomethionine in cancer prevention. In contrast, the efficacy of selenite was not affected. In rats given3 ppm of selenomethionine, tissue Se was actually higher in those fed a diet with a suboptimal amount of methionine than in those with an adequate intake of methionine. On the other hand, dictary methionine did not influence the level of tissue Se in animals given selenite. An increase of dietary methionine to 0.6% did not enhance the efficacy of selenomethionine in cancer protection but would allow the use of a higher level of selenite without the accompanying adverse effects. The biological significance of Se utilization under suboptimal or adequate methionine intake was also assessed using the glutathione peroxidase assay in the liver of Sedeficient rats given graded levels of Se as either selenite or selenomethionine. The enzyme study demonstrated that low dietary methionine decreased the nutritional biopotency of selenomethionine in restoring glutathione peroxidase activity but not that of selenite. These experiments suggest that adequate methionine intake is required for the utilization of selenomethionine for nutritional and anticarcinogenic purposes. [J Natl Cancer Inst 1988;80:258–262]
Hygiene of Infant-feeding Utensils. Practices and Standards in the Home
Authors: J. A. D. Anderson, A. Gatherer
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Of 758 infants' feeding-bottles and teats collected aseptically by health visitors in four areas of Great Britain and examined in public health laboratories, less than two-thirds of the bottles and just over half of the teats produced results within an arbitrary "satisfactory" level. The mothers who said they used the hypochlorite method of sterilization and of storage of bottles and teats produced significantly better results. More of the mothers with satisfactory results had attended mothercraft classes. Twenty-two per cent. of babies in the sample were said to have suffered from diarrhoea, or vomiting, or both.The standards of home sterilization of bottles and teats could be improved, and straightforward and effective health education is required, together with professional backing, so that mothers would put into practice what they had been taught.
The Ethics of Partial-Liver Donation
Authors: Owen S Surman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Living donors have participated in solid-organ transplantation throughout the 48 years since Dr. Joseph Murray successfully performed kidney transplantation between identical twins. Kidney transplantation from living, unrelated donors is no longer unusual, and some centers allow for anonymous donors or for a donor swap in cases of biologic incompatibility. Surgical advances now permit each of two donors to provide a lobe of lung to a patient with end-stage lung disease from cystic fibrosis. In spite of these advances, it is still not clear exactly how safe it is to donate a large part of one's liver.Altruism is characterized by . . .
Dendritic Cells Ameliorate Autoimmunity in the CNS by Controlling the Homeostasis of PD-1 Receptor+ Regulatory T Cells
Authors: Nir Yogev, Friederike Frommer, Dominika Lukas, Kordula Kautz-Neu, Khalad Karram, Daniele Ielo, Esther von Stebut, Hans-Christian Probst, Maries van den Broek, Dieter Riethmacher, Tal Birnberg, Thomas Blank, Boris Reizis, Thomas Korn, Heinz Wiendl, Steffen Jung, Marco Prinz, Florian C. Kurschus, Ari Waisman
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Renal Failure with Cimetidine
Authors: J. L. TERUEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1981Renal Failure with CimetidineJ. L. TERUEL, M.D., P. GARCIA-COSMES, M.D., R. MARCEN, M.D., J. ORTUÑO, M.D.J. L. TERUEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, P. GARCIA-COSMES, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. MARCEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. ORTUÑO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-4-545_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The extent of renal effects of cimetidine is not clear. Studies have concluded that it does not significantly alter glomerular filtration, renal regulation of acid-base equilibrium, or the capacity for urinary concentration (1, 2). Small increases in serum creatinine detected in some patients (3) have been attributed to a diminution of tubular secretion of creatinine, which competes with the drug for a common secretory mechanism (2). In any case, renal effects are not considered a clinical problem during treatment with cimetidine given in normal doses (4). Seidelin (5) has recently reported a case of acute renal failure secondary to cimetidine. We have seen two patients with nonoliguric acute renal failure...References1. LARSSONBODEMARKAGEDAL RGB. The effect of cimetidine, a new histamine H2-receptor antagonist, on renal function. Acta Med Scand. 1979;205:87-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. DUBBSTOTEFAMILIARLEEALEXANDER JRRKF. Effect of cimetidine in renal function in normal man. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1978;24:76-83. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. BURLANDGLEADLEMILLSSHARPEWELLS WRJPA. In: BURLAND WL, SIMKINS MA, eds. Cimetidine: Proceedings. 2nd International Symposium on Histamine H2-receptor Antagonists. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1977:67-73. Google Scholar4. Cimetidine for ever (and ever and ever . . .)? Br Med J. 1978;1:1435-6. Editorial. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SEIDELIN R. Cimetidine and renal failure. Postgrad Med J. 1980;56:440- 1. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Centro "Ramon y Cajal" Madrid 34, Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCimetidine disposition in patients with Laennec's cirrhosis during multiple dosing therapyImmunologic Studies in Cimetidine-Induced Nephropathy and PolymyositisAntihistaminesCimetidine-Induced Acute Renal FailureMICHAEL R. RUDNICK, M.D., CHRISTINE P. BASTL, M.D., I. B. ELFENBEIN, M.D., ROBERT A. SIROTA, M.D., MELVIN YUDIS, M.D., ROBERT G. NARINS, M.D.Antihistamines 1 April 1981Volume 94, Issue 4_Part_1Page: 545-545KeywordsAcute renal failureAttentionCreatinineDrugsRenal failure Issue Published: 1 April 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Inhibitors of Raf Kinase Activity Block Growth of Thyroid Cancer Cells with <i>RET/PTC</i> or <i>BRAF</i> Mutations <i>In vitro</i> and <i>In vivo</i>
Authors: Bin Ouyang, Jeffrey A. Knauf, Eric P. Smith, Lei Zhang, Tim Ramsey, Naeem Yusuff, David Batt, James A. Fagin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Papillary thyroid carcinomas are associated with nonoverlapping activating mutations of RET, NTRK, RAS and BRAF, which altogether are present in approximately 70% of cases. We postulated that compounds that inhibit a distal effector in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway would inhibit growth and tumorigenicity of human thyroid cancer cell lines with mutations of RET or BRAF.We first examined the effects of AAL-881 and LBT-613, two inhibitors of RAF kinase activity, on RAF-MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)-ERK activation in thyroid PCCL3 cells after conditional induction of expression of H-RAS(G12V) or BRAF(V600E). Both compounds blocked RAS and RAF-dependent MEK and ERK phosphorylation. They also potently blocked MEK phosphorylation in human thyroid cancer cell lines with either RET/PTC1 (TPC1) or BRAF(V600E) (NPA, ARO, and FRO) mutations. Inhibition of ERK phosphorylation was transient in TPC1 and ARO cells, with recovery of ERK phosphorylation associated with concomitant down-regulation of the MAPK phosphatases MKP-3 and DUSP5. Both compounds inhibited growth of all cell lines, with LBT-613 being approximately 10-fold more potent than AAL-881. TPC1 cells were more sensitive to growth inhibition (IC50 0.1-0.25 and approximately 0.05 micromol/L for AAL-881 and LBT-613, respectively) than BRAF + lines (IC50 2.5-5 and 0.1-0.5 micromol/L, respectively). Growth inhibition was associated with G1 arrest, and induction of cell death. Growth of ARO and NPA tumor xenografts was inhibited by LBT-613 or AAL-881. MEK and ERK phosphorylation was inhibited by both compounds in ARO but not in NPA cell xenografts.Compounds that inhibit kinase activity are effective growth inhibitors for poorly differentiated thyroid cancer cell lines with either RET or RAF mutations, and hold promise for treatment of most forms of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
A High–Wheat Bran Diet in Insulin-treated Diabetes Mellitus: Assessment with the Artificial Pancreas
Authors: James F McMurry, Barbara Baumgardner
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

The acute effects of adding a large amount of wheat bran to a mixed meal was examined with the artificial pancreas in seven insulin-dependent diabetic patients. The timing of the peak blood glucose concentration and its magnitude were similar with both low–and high–wheat fiber meals. The total and net areas under the glucose curve were comparable. After adjusting for individual basal needs, the insulin requirements for the test meals were nearly identical. We observed no beneficial effect of added wheat bran from this study. We could not demonstrate any need for diabetic patients to adjust insulin dosage for occasional differences in meal wheat bran content.
Access to Health Care and Preventable Hospitalizations
Authors: David W. Baker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The elegant study by Dr Bindman and colleagues<sup>1</sup>provides strong evidence that preventable hospitalizations are a useful marker for monitoring access to care. Nevertheless, there are many unanswered questions about why the poor are hospitalized more frequently. Although this study looked at "propensity to seek health care," the symptoms used to measure this were serious (bleeding, shortness of breath) and may not reflect the decision-making process for most patients with ambulatory care—sensitive conditions. It may be that the more dramatic the symptom, the less likely there will be a difference in care-seeking behavior according to access barriers. If participants had been asked questions about less serious symptoms, such as a cough with purulent sputum production for 2 days, differences in health care-seeking behavior may have been significant in predicting preventable hospitalizations. Differences in case mix between poor and nonpoor patients also deserve further consideration. Although adjustments
Letter from . . . Denmark. After the dispute.
Authors: F Forlund
Journal: BMJ (1976)

the wires or splints to break the regimen.Thus they do not achieve the desired weight reduction and are failures.The technique of dental splintage, though by no means inexpensive, is cheaper than therapeutic starvation, as inpatient care is avoided and minimum time is lost from work. GASTRIC BYPASSPolya partial gastrectomy can cause substantial weight loss by drasticallv reducing the gastric reservoir and by causing "dumping."These complications have been used to treat massively obese patients by 90',, gastric exclusion using either transection with gastrojejunostomy or gastroplasty.The results in two series have been satisfactory but it is technically more difficult in these huge patients than small- bowel bypass and thus is less popular with surgeons.
Magnetic resonance imaging in rheumatology.
Authors: C W Heron
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is ideally suited to the examination of the musculoskeletal system and is already widely used for this purpose.The technique provides excellent inherent soft tissue contrast allowing direct visualisation of cartilage, muscle, tendons, and other soft tissues, in addition to bones.Further advantages include the multiplanar imaging capability and absence of ionising radiation.The application of specialised surface coils and other technical advances results in high resolution images.Resolution is also improved by using instruments operating at high field strength.This paper reviews the application of MRI to the musculoskeletal system with a particular emphasis on conditions of rheumatological importance. SpineMagnetic resonance imaging has assumed a major role in spinal imaging and is now the preferred examination technique after plain film radiography for the investigation of most spinal disorders.The requirement for intrathecal contrast with its attendant risks is obviated by MRI.It is also possible to screen large areas of the spine and follow this with a more detailed examination of a suspect area.
Host Gene Induction and Transcriptional Reprogramming in Kaposi’s Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8)-Infected Endothelial, Fibroblast, and B Cells
Authors: Pramod P. Naranatt, Harinivas H. Krishnan, Stan R. Svojanovsky, Clark Bloomer, Sachin Mathur, Bala Chandran
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV-8) is etiologically linked to the endothelial tumor Kaposi's sarcoma and with two lymphoproliferatve disorders, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman's disease. HHV-8 infects a variety of target cells both in vivo and in vitro, binds to the in vitro target cells via cell surface heparan sulfate, and uses the alpha(3)beta(1) integrin as one of the entry receptors. Within minutes of infection, HHV-8 induced the integrin-mediated signaling pathways and morphological changes in the target cells (S. M. Akula et al., Cell, 108: 407-419, 2002; P. P. Naranatt et al., J. Virol., 77: 1524-1539, 2003). As an initial step toward understanding the role of host genes in HHV-8 infection and pathogenesis, modulation of host cell gene expression immediately after infection was examined. To reflect HHV-8's broad cellular tropism, mRNAs collected at 2 and 4 h after infection of primary human endothelial [human adult dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECd)] and foreskin fibroblast [human foreskin fibroblast (HFF)] cells and human B cell line (BJAB) were analyzed by oligonucleotide array with approximately 22,000 human transcripts. With a criteria of >2-fold gene induction as significant, approximately 1.72% of the genes were differentially expressed, of which, 154 genes were shared by at least two cells and 33 genes shared by all three cells. HHV-8-induced transcriptional profiles in the endothelial and fibroblast cells were closely similar, with substantial differences in the B cells. In contrast to the antiapoptotic regulators induced in HMVECd and HFF cells, proapoptotic regulators were induced in the B cells. A robust increase in the expression of IFN-induced genes suggestive of innate immune response induction was observed in HMVECd and HFF cells, whereas there was a total lack of immunity related protein inductions in B cells. These striking cell type-specific behaviors suggest that HHV-8-induced host cell gene modulation events in B cells may be different compared with the adherent endothelial and fibroblast target cells. Functional clustering of modulated genes identified several host molecules hitherto unknown to HHV-8 infection. These results indicate that early during infection, HHV-8 reprograms the host transcriptional machinery regulating a variety of cellular processes including apoptosis, transcription, cell cycle regulation, signaling, inflammatory response, and angiogenesis, all of which may play important roles in the biology and pathogenesis of HHV-8.
Analysis of Fecal DNA Methylation to Detect Gastrointestinal Neoplasia
Authors: Takeshi Nagasaka, Noriaki Tanaka, Harry M. Cullings, Dong-Sheng Sun, Hiromi Sasamoto, Takuyuki Uchida, Minoru Koi, Naoshi Nishida, Yoshio Naomoto, C. Richard Boland, Nagahide Matsubara, Ajay Goel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2009)

The development of noninvasive screening tests is important to reduce mortality from gastrointestinal neoplasia. We sought to develop such a test by analysis of DNA methylation from exfoliated cancer cells in feces.We first analyzed methylation of the RASSF2 and SFRP2 gene promoters from 788 primary gastric and colorectal tissue specimens to determine whether methylation patterns could act as stage-dependent biomarkers of gastrointestinal tumorigenesis. Next, we developed a novel strategy that uses single-step modification of DNA with sodium bisulfite and fluorescence polymerase chain reaction methodology to measure aberrant methylation in fecal DNA. Methylation of the RASSF2 and SFRP2 promoters was analyzed in 296 fecal samples obtained from a variety of patients, including 21 with gastric tumors, 152 with colorectal tumors, and 10 with non-neoplastic or inflammatory lesions in the gastrointestinal lumen.Analysis of DNA from tissues showed presence of extensive methylation in both gene promoters exclusively in advanced gastric and colorectal tumors. The assay successfully identified one or more methylated markers in fecal DNA from 57.1% of patients with gastric cancer, 75.0% of patients with colorectal cancer, and 44.4% of patients with advanced colorectal adenomas, but only 10.6% of subjects without neoplastic or active diseases (difference, gastric cancer vs undiseased = 46.5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 24.6% to 68.4%, P < .001; difference, colorectal cancer vs undiseased = 64.4%, 95% CI = 53.5% to 75.2%, P < .001; difference, colorectal adenoma vs undiseased = 33.8%, 95% CI = 14.2% to 53.4%, P < .001).Methylation of the RASSF2 and SFRP2 promoters in fecal DNA is associated with the presence of gastrointestinal tumors relative to non-neoplastic conditions. Our novel fecal DNA methylation assay provides a possible means to noninvasively screen not only for colorectal tumors but also for gastric tumors.