tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF SUBSTANCES INHIBITING TUMOR GROWTH AND ON IMMUNIZATION AGAINST THESE SUBSTANCES
Authors: Moyer S. Fleisher, Leo Loeb
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1915)

Our later investigations confirm our previous results. 1. It is possible to increase markedly the effect of substances inhibiting tumor growth by using certain combinations of these substances which, when given alone, have some effect on tumor growth. 2. Immunity acquired against the effect of these substances depends partly upon an active immunization of the tumor cells themselves against the action of these substances, and this immunity is transmitted to the following generations of tumor cells. 3. The immunity against the substances inhibiting tumor growth is, as far as we have investigated the problem, specific. 4. Our later experiments provide a more secure basis for the additional and more general conclusions which we mentioned tentatively in our previous paper.
Expression of hepatocyte growth factor and its receptor c-met proto-oncogene in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: T Ueki, J Fujimoto, T Suzuki, H Yamamoto, E Okamoto
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

The c-met proto-oncogene encodes the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a potent mitogen and motogen for epithelial cells. Because of its profound effects on cell growth and motility, HGF may be important in the development of cancer metastases in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we examined HGF concentration and expression of the c-met-proto-oncogene product (c-met) in 62 patients with HCC to determine the relationship between the level of expression and clinicopathological features, and patient outcome following hepatectomy. Western blotting was used to examine the c-met expression, and HGF concentration in tumors was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. c-met was found to be overexpressed in HCC compared with nontumorous liver tissue (P < .01), and correlated with an increased incidence of intrahepatic metastases (P = .039). Patients were divided into two groups, low c-met HCC and high c-met HCC. Patients with high c-met HCC had a significantly shorter 5-year survival than patients with low c-met HCC (33.5% vs. 80.3%, respectively; P < .05). However, there was no correlation between HGF concentration in the tumor tissue and clinicopathological factors and patient survival. These results indicate that expression of c-met played an important role in tumor growth and metastases in patients who underwent hepatectomy for HCC.
Cellular Immunity in Myasthenia Gravis
Authors: David P. Richman, James Patrick, Barry G.W. Arnason
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

To determine the potential importance of an immune response directed against the acetylcholine receptor in myasthenia gravis, we studied cell-mediated immunity to receptor as measured by lymphocyte stimulation in 21 myasthenic patients and 21 controls, including five with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The mean (+/- S.E.M.) stimulation index was 5.3 +/- 1.3 for patients and 1.2 +/- 0.3 for controls (P less than 0.005). Fourteen patients had indexes greater than 2.0 (nine of 11 males, five of 10 females, 10 of 11 elderly patients, and five of six with thymoma). Stimulation index correlated with disease activity (rs = 0.71, P less than 0.01). Peripheral blood lymphocytes from one of three young female myasthenic patients responded to autologous thymocytes but not to receptor; peripheral blood lymphocytes from the other two responded to receptor but not to autologous thymocytes. Our findings are further evidence that autoimmunity to the acetylcholine receptor plays a central part in myasthenia gravis.
Two nations at the MRC?
Authors: D. H Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Aberrant DNA methylation plays a crucial role in cancer development; however, prospective evidence of an interaction between molecular biomarkers and cancer staging for predicting the prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still limited. We examined DNA methylation in tumors and adjacent normal tissues from patients who underwent CRC surgical resection, and evaluated the interaction between cancer staging (advanced vs local) and DNA methylation to predict the prognosis of CRC. We recruited 132 patients with CRC from Tri-Service General Hospital in Taiwan and used the candidate gene approach to select 3 tumor suppressor genes involved in carcinogenesis pathways. ORs and 95% CIs were computed using logistic regression analyses while adjusting for potential covariates. Advanced cancer stage was correlated with cancer recurrence (OR 7.22, 95% CI 2.82 to 18.45; p&lt;0.001). In addition, after stratification by promoter methylation in 3 combined genes in the matched normal tissues, we observed a joint effect after adjusting for sex, age at surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy, yielding a significant OR of 20.35 (95% CI 4.16 to 99.57; p&lt;0.001). DNA methylation status would significantly increase the recurrence risk of CRC with a significant impact on joint effect between DNA methylation and clinical stage, particularly in matched normal tissues. This was attributed to molecular changes that could not be examined on the basis of clinical pathology. Our interaction results may serve as a reference marker for evaluating the risk of recurrence in future studies.
FOOD FACTORS OTHER THAN VITAMIN D IN RICKETS
Authors: WILLIAM WESTON
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Not all the factors concerned in the etiology of rickets are known. The most that there is justification for asserting is that certain agents are known which, when used, exercise a beneficial effect in arresting the pathologic processes and restoring the injured tissues to a condition that approximates normal. The vitamins have been studied with much more thoroughness than have the mineral elements. There is fairly definite knowledge of a few of the mineral salts such as calcium and phosphorus, but knowledge of the functions of such elements as silicon and fluorine, which appear to be necessary in the growth of bones and teeth, is most elementary. Little is known of the relation between the vitamins and the mineral elements of the food, but in this connection it is interesting to note that the diet of Eskimos who are relatively free from rickets consists largely of raw liver and the
THE POST-OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE EMPYEMA THORACIS
Authors: G. A. Mason
Journal: BMJ (1934)

The immense benefit of being able to leave the adminis- tration of the gas and air to a nurse is even more noticeable in general practice.At the Wellhouse Hospital the sisters and nurses are enthusiastic supporters of the-use of gas and air, since they find it helps them in their work and makes the patients more easy to manage.The superintending sistermidwife of Wellhouse Hospital states: " (1) Unlike my experience with other anaesthetics gas andair rather tends to increase the contractions.(2) Even after long labours, there is no evidence of any harm to the child.(3) The patients are enthusiastic.(4) The patient is happier, less excitable, and more controllable.(5) I would prefer my patients to have gas and air in future.They can manage it quite well themselves after a little help and advice."
Collagen Disease Complicating Malignancy
Authors: J. Lansbury
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1953)

My purpose in submitting the following six case reports is to call attention to what is, I believe, a significant and little recognized relationship between neoplastic disease and the so-called "collagen" group of rheumatic or connective tissue diseases.The first case, observed in 1946, was so striking that a careful watch was kept for similar cases.The vigil was rewarded over a period of 7 years by another five cases.The case reports have been reduced to a bare minimum-summaries of pertinent positive information-since the object in view is to illustrate the co-existence of two obvious diseases in each patient rather than to prove the correctness of the diagnosis by furnishing a multiplicity of detailed evidence.Case 1. Male, aged 44, a blind musician, was first seen in the Temple University Arthritis Clinic in June, 1946.History.-He had had painful joints of 4 months' duration.The arthritis had a rather sudden onset and spread rapidly, so that in a few weeks the shoulders, elbows, wrists, metacarpophalangeal and proximal inter- phalangeal joints, and knees were involved.Examination.-Physicalexamination disclosed the typical findings of rheumatoid arthritis with fusiform swelling, tenderness, limitation of motion, muscle atrophy, and weakness.Other findings included a harsh systolic murmur heard over the whole praecordium, congenital amblyopia, poor nutrition, a chronic cough, and seborrhoeic dermatitis.The erythrocyte sedimen- tation rate (Cutler) was rapid, the electrocardiogram (by Dr. Hugo Roesler) indicated a primary myocarditis and possible pericarditis with no features suggesting rheu- matic fever.* This is not to be confused with pulmonary osteoarthropathy.
Abstract 1429: Bioluminescent methods for investigating metabolic pathways
Authors: Donna Leippe, Mary Sobol, Jolanta Vidugiriene, Wenhui Zhou, Gediminas Vidugiris, Troy Good, Laurent Bernad, Poncho Meisenheimer, James Cali
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cancer cells are dependent on metabolic pathways that have been altered to support unique requirements for cancer cell growth and survival. The central role of these pathways makes them attractive targets for new treatment approaches. Rapid and sensitive assays, amenable to high-throughput screening, are needed to study the enzymes, metabolites and cofactors involved in cancer cell metabolic pathways. We developed a bioluminescent technology to address these needs and monitor changes in the fundamental metabolic co-factors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides and key metabolites such as lactate. The bioluminescent method uses a novel proluciferin substrate for the enzyme diaphorase. Luciferin is produced in the presence of NAD(P)H, resulting in a luciferase-generated light signal proportional to the starting NAD(P)H concentration. This is a versatile technology for measuring dinucleotide concentrations, enzyme activity and also metabolite levels. When lactate dehydrogenase is included in the reaction, the cellular metabolite lactate, an indicator of glycolytic rate, can be measured. NAD, NADP, NADH and NADPH can be measured in enzyme reactions or in biological samples, such as cells and tissues, with the use of NAD- and NADP-specific cycling enzymes. Total NAD+NADH or NADP+NADPH levels in cultured cells were rapidly monitored using a one-reagent addition, in-well plate protocol without the need for cell processing. Additionally, the levels of individual dinucleotides and their ratios were determined from cell and tissue samples using a streamlined in-well acid and base-treatment protocol. The effects of small molecules on cellular dinucleotide levels can be quickly assessed, as demonstrated with FK866, an inhibitor of NAD biosynthesis. Advantages of the bioluminescent approach over other detection methods include higher sensitivity (LOD ≤ 50 nM), larger maximum signal windows (S/B &amp;gt; 100) and compatibility with automated, high-throughput protocols (Z' &amp;gt; 0.8). By providing these features, the bioluminescent assays should be useful tools for facilitating the study of cancer cell metabolic pathways and the development of therapeutics that target these pathways. Citation Format: Donna Leippe, Mary Sobol, Jolanta Vidugiriene, Wenhui Zhou, Gediminas Vidugiris, Troy Good, Laurent Bernad, Poncho Meisenheimer, James Cali. Bioluminescent methods for investigating metabolic pathways. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1429. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1429
Genetic control of sebum excretion and acne—a twin study
Authors: Celia Moss
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article Genetic control of sebum excretion and acne—a twin study Get access Celia Moss Celia Moss Department of Dermatology, The Royal Victoria Infirmary, Queen Victoria Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 121, Issue 1, 1 July 1989, Page 144, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb01413.x Published: 01 July 1989
Resolution of Intimate Partner Violence and Child Behavior Problems After Investigation for Suspected Child Maltreatment
Authors: Kristine A. Campbell, Andrea M. Thomas, Lawrence J. Cook, Heather T. Keenan
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2013)

<h3>Objective</h3>To describe longitudinal change in child behavior problems associated with resolution of intimate partner violence (IPV) after an investigation for suspected child maltreatment.<h3>Design</h3>Retrospective cohort study.<h3>Setting</h3>The National Survey of Child and Adolescent Well-Being, a nationally representative longitudinal sample of US households investigated for suspected child maltreatment.<h3>Participants</h3>The study included 320 school-aged subjects with caregiver-reported IPV in the year prior to baseline interview. Caregivers were interviewed an average of 3, 20, 36, and 81 months following investigation.<h3>Main Exposure</h3>Resolution vs persistence of baseline IPV. Persistence was defined by report of IPV during any follow-up interview.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Clinically significant internalizing or externalizing child behavior problems.<h3>Results</h3>In total, 44.6% of caregivers who reported IPV at the baseline interview reported persistent IPV. After adjusting for significant covariates, IPV resolution was associated with an 11.9% reduction in internalizing problems by 81 months (P = .03); IPV persistence was associated with persistence in baseline problems. Resolution of IPV was associated with an 18.5% reduction in externalizing problems by 20 months that was sustained at 36 and 81 months (all P &lt; .05). Intimate partner violence persistence was associated with a steady but nonsignificant increase in externalizing behavior problems during 81 months (10.1%, P = .07). The adjusted relative risks for internalizing and externalizing behavior problems 81 months following a child protective services investigation for children exposed to persistent vs resolved IPV were 1.79 (95% CI, 0.91-3.52) and 1.88 (95% CI, 1.12-3.18), respectively.<h3>Conclusions</h3>Resolution of IPV after a child protective services investigation for suspected child maltreatment is associated with meaningful, sustained reductions in clinically significant child behavior problems.
Treatment of Adolescent Opioid Dependence
Authors: David A. Fiellin
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Subcutaneous Interleukin-2 and Interferon Alfa Administration in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Final Results of SCAPP III, a Large, Multicenter, Phase II, Nonrandomized Study With Sequential Analysis Design—The Subcutaneous Administration Propeukin Program Cooperative Group
Authors: Jean-Marc Tourani, Christian Pfister, Nicole Tubiana, Mahmoud Ouldkaci, Gilles Prevot, Virginie Lucas, Stéphane Oudard, Maxime Malet, Paul Cottu, Jean-Marc Ferrero, Didier Mayeur, Olivier Rixe, Xu-Shan Sun, Olivier Bernard, Thierry Andre, Christophe Tournigand, Xavier Muracciole, Joelle Guilhot
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: This outpatient multicenter trial tested the hypothesis that subcutaneous administration of an interleukin-2 (IL-2)/interferon alfa (IFNα) combination produces a response rate greater than 20% in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Patients and Methods: Patients with metastatic RCC received a 12-week induction treatment with subcutaneous IL-2 (5 days/wk, 9 and 18 million U/d)/IFNα (3 days/wk, 6 million U/d). After evaluation, patients with objective response or stable disease were randomly assigned to maintenance treatment or short consolidation treatment. Results: Lack of benefit was shown at the 12th sequential analysis, and the trial was closed. At the end of the induction period, 26 (21%) of 122 patients had objective responses (including six complete responses). Thirty-three patients (27%) developed severe toxicity requiring dose reductions, delayed treatment, or treatment termination. Survival rates at one, two, and four years were 63%, 38%, and 17%, respectively. Three-year survival was 20% in patients with two poor prognosis factors and 37% in patients with one or no poor prognosis factors (P = .016). Three-year survival was significantly better (P &lt; 10 −3 ) in patients with erythrocyte sedimentation rate less than 35 mm (43%) compared with those with 1-hour sedimentation rate greater than 35 mm (19%). Conclusion: This study confirms the importance of prognostic factors when initiating cytokine immunotherapy in patients with metastatic RCC and underlines the prognostic value of erythrocyte sedimentation rate before treatment initiation. Nonetheless, this subcutaneous IL-2/IFNα combination does not improve response rate or survival compared with subcutaneous IL-2 alone, although a definitive conclusion cannot be drawn in the absence of a randomized study comparing the two treatments.
The Hot Bath Test and Multiple Sclerosis-Reply
Authors: Hershel Goren
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Because influenza immunization, with its commonly accompanying fever, is not associated with an increased risk of worsening of MS<sup>1,2</sup>(1976;236:1965), we have considered the hot bath test to be safe. We look forward to the data of Drs Berger and Sheremata on the relative risk of permanent worsening of MS from hot baths.
High-Dose Ascorbic Acid Therapy
Authors: Mervyn L. Goldstein
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> A potentially serious sequel to high-dose ascorbic acid therapy is possible. A patient of mine in her 40's with sickle cell thalassemia managed to get through her life with few crises until this year, when it appeared that every minor illness precipitated a sickle cell crisis worthy of her hospitalization. She recently asked advice about a developing cold. I gave the usual recommendations, and casually mentioned that she should not use high doses of ascorbic acid. I was surprised to hear that prior to each recent crisis she had administered just such doses to "ward off symptoms." The theoretical implications seem obvious now. I have been unwilling to test my hypothesis by administering ascorbic acid to the patient, but she has had no further crises since avoiding this therapy.
Deviance, equivalence, renaissance
Authors: Kamran Abbasi
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2014)

The rationale for The Economist magazine is that everything relates to economics. Is it possible to make the same argument for medicine and health? This issue of JRSM, while not necessarily proving that case, tests the hypothesis.

Russia's involvement in Ukraine is dominating news headlines, but you might have missed the significance of recent statements by President Vladimir Putin on homosexuality. Robert Bartholomew argues that Russia is edging towards medicalising deviance, in echoes of the way Nazi Germany manipulated ‘science’ to classify Jews as physically and mentally inferior.1 The former Soviet Union, to take another example, attempted to ‘rehabilitate’ political dissidents using psychiatric treatments. Putin's stance on homosexuality, says Bartholomew, poses a challenge to Russian health professionals.

In an essay, Alex Till et al.2 discuss the provision of prison health services, and argue that health services for prisoners should be equivalent to those available to the rest of the population. Equivalence, propose the authors, is a minimum acceptable standard, since the needs of the prison population may be greater and more complex. Dinesh Bhugra,3 in the second article in his series on medicine and society, explains why medicine cannot exist in a social vacuum, an argument that provides a broader context for any call for better prison health services.

Finally, public health specialists review conditions in Iraq 10 years after the US-led invasion, which was meant to consider the post-war rehabilitation of the country.4 Inevitably, data are far from perfect, and some indicators for Iraq are better than other countries in the region, but the authors conclude unsurprisingly that Iraq's health and social system is yet to recover to pre-war levels and requires ongoing support from other countries. The consequences of war are not easily erased, and here's an example of where better health, the renaissance of Iraq, clearly requires more economic aid.

Sexual discrimination, prisoner health, the interplay between medicine and society, and a war in Iraq might be different from the routine matter of a teaching hospital grand round but the practice of medicine touches these themes and more. Doctors may not be economists just yet, despite the best efforts of politicians, but the rights of our fellow humans and a greater empathy with the trials of humanity are often prime motivations for people to embark upon a career in medicine. In the whirlwind of medical practice, these noble inspirations are too easily forgotten.