tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Simple Act
Authors: Reg Green
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Bubonic Plague: Detection of Endotoxemia with the Limulus Test
Authors: THOMAS BUTLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Nine of 10 patients with fever and bubo were confirmed as having bubonic plague by isolation of Yersinia pestis from bubo aspirates or blood, or by serological responses. Common features were prostration, tachycardia, leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, prolonged partial thromboplastin times, and abnormal liver function tests. Three patients were hypotensive, and one died. The limulus test detected endotoxemia in all nine confirmed cases at the time of admission. The limulus test was negative during convalescence in five of eight patients; three persistently positive cases had symptoms or laboratory findings suggesting continued effects of infection. Lyophilized bacteria from cultures of Y. pestis contained concentrations of endotoxin, as defined by the limulus test, similar to that in an equivalent mass of Escherichia coli. These data indicate further similarities between plague and other Gram-negative bacteremic infections and suggest that endotoxin may play a role in the acute symptoms of patients with plague.
Suppression of exercise-induced angina by magnesium sulfate in patients with variant angina
Authors: Kiyotaka Kugiyama, Hirofumi Yasue, Ken Okumura, Kazuo Goto, Kotako Minoda, Hiroo Miyagi, Koshi Matsuyama, Akihiro Kojima, Yukinori Koga, Mutsumasa Takahashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Health secretary orders review after muddle over organ donors' preferences
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The health secretary for England has ordered an independent review into how the NHS transplant authority recorded incorrect information on which organs registered donors were willing to donate, after the organisation reported errors in its organ donor register this week.

NHS Blood and Transplant, the special health authority that manages transplantation services, said that the error meant that there were 21 cases over the past six years of registered donors who have died and donated organs for which they may not have given permission.

“In each case the family gave …
The next target of bioterrorism: your food.
Authors: C Pellerin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

One of the many forms that biological warfare may take is the targeting of major food crops. In a poor country where millions of citizens depend on staple crops such as rice, an act of bioterrorism that destroys the crop would create a famine, resulting not only in malnutrition and starvation but also in reduced immune resistance to a range of common illnesses. To reduce the potential of deliberate introductions of crop pathogens as acts of terrorism, researchers must be able to "fingerprint" pathogens at the molecular level and discriminate between naturally occurring and deliberately introduced outbreaks. Several domestic and international surveillance, tracking, and reporting efforts are under way.
Computer-aided colorectal tumor classification in NBI endoscopy using local features
Authors: Toru Tamaki, Junki Yoshimuta, Misato Kawakami, Bisser Raytchev, Kazufumi Kaneda, Shigeto Yoshida, Yoshito Takemura, Keiichi Onji, Rie Miyaki, Shinji Tanaka
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2012)
How to Increase Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates in Practice
Authors: M. Sarfaty, R. Wender
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2007)

A recommendation from a physician is the most influential factor in determining whether a patient is screened for colorectal cancer. While the vast majority of primary care physicians report that they screen for colorectal cancer, many patients do not receive the recommendation they need. Evidence-based strategies can help the physician ensure that every appropriate patient leaves the office with the needed recommendation. Choosing an office system that can be implemented by the physician or office staff can fuel efforts to achieve higher screening rates. Reminder systems, tracking systems, communication strategies, and policies that reinforce use of evidence-based guidelines may contribute.
THE RATES OF SYNTHESIS AND THE TRANSPORT OF PLASMA FATTY ACID FRACTIONS IN MAN 1
Authors: S. R. Lipsky, J. S. McGuire, Philip K. Bondy, E. B. Man
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1955)

Carcinoma of lung 8.5 5.8 N. R. 59M 61Carcinoma of stomach 10.3 6.8 Before After Before After Squalene Squalene Squalene-fed N. D. 25 M 55.5 Functioning carcinoma 10.2 12.2 6.4 7.8 of adrenal-removed one month prior to study J. G. 63 M 62.7 Carcinoma of colon 11.0 10.1 6.1 7.0 J. R.* 47 M 70 Carcinoma of lung 9.4 10.2 6.6 7.9* Patient J. R. was repeated as his own control eight weeks after first study.
THREE CASES OF TRAUMATIC RUPTURE OF THE SMALL INTESTINE
Authors: F. Radcliffe
Journal: BMJ (1914)

mDCLJU case of Hodgkin's disease, and was hiimself dead within a few weeks of the samue condition.The view taken was that he had been infected at the timne of the necropsy, and the acute attack which developed simulated septicaemia.Perlhaps, however, I ought not to miontion Hodgkin's disease in the present connexion.Again, there are certain cases wlhiclh appear to be com- parable to the acute pyaemias.In these, while the disease may have progressed slowiy for some time, we finally get a rapid generalization of the condition witlh miliary deposits, affecting perhaps chiefly the skin, or diffused tlhrouglhout the body, and the patient rapidly succumbs.Suclh cases may be seen in the melanotic sarcomas, or the carcinomas affecting the secreting glands-for example, breast and pancreas.Healing.-As in inflammation, apart from the occur- relnce of resolution, fibrosis, either primary or secondary
Psychodermatology services guidance: the report of the British Association of Dermatologists' Psychodermatology Working Party
Authors: A. Bewley, A. Affleck, C. Bundy, E. Higgins, S. McBride
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The British Association of Dermatologists (BAD) has now published on its website the BAD Psychodermatology Working Party's report into the provision of psychodermatology services.1 This essential guidance underscores an important emerging subspecialty of dermatology that is gaining an increasing voice and momentum. In 2012, the BAD Psychodermatology Working Group, a national multidisciplinary team, was asked to report to the BAD membership on the extent of psychodermatology services and training across the U.K. In addition we were asked to develop a report indicating minimum standards and resources that should be available regionally across the U.K. The group membership included dermatologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and nurses who work in psychodermatology. Psychodermatology includes primary dermatological disease associated with psychosocial comorbidities (such as patients with psoriasis who have anxiety, depression or both, or who have suicidal ideation) and primary psychiatric disease presenting to dermatologists (such as delusional infestation, body dysmorphic disorder and dermatitis artefacta). It is clear that patients with primary psychiatric disease presenting to dermatologists are fairly common, and that patients with chronic skin disease who experience psychosocial comorbidities are extremely common.2 And yet, the provision of care for such patients is sporadic across the U.K. and Europe, and probably globally. In fact the number of dedicated U.K. psychodermatology clinics appears to have decreased in the last 10 years. The objectives, then, of the BAD Psychodermatology Working Party are outlined in Table 1.
Anti-Rh Serum Nomenclature
Authors: A. S. Wiener
Journal: BMJ (1948)

on the Plebiscite SIR,-The speech I made at Shrewsbury last Sunday, which received much publicity in the Press, seems to have caused some misunderstanding in the profession.I should like to ipake it clear that I depart in no way from the careful and balanced statement issued by the Council to every doctor in the country.The Minister of Health's concessions present us with a changed situation which makes the new plebiscite
Iatrogenic Hemobilia and a Positive Cholescintigram
Authors: IAIN STEWART
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

A 23-year-old man with hepatitis C was admitted for a liver biopsy. The next day persistent, localized, right-upper-quadrant pain developed, as well as a mild fever. Abdominal ultrasonography 5 days after the biopsy showed a normal gallbladder wall without evidence of inflammation or pericholecystic fluid. Within the gall bladder was a heterogeneous “cast.” Morphine enhanced cholescintigraphy performed on the same day showed neither visualization of the gallbladder nor a biliary leak. A cholecystectomy was performed because of the persistent symptoms. Omentum surrounded the gallbladder, isolating it from the abdominal cavity. The resected gallbladder contained sludge and clotted blood. A puncture site was found at the fundus.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase in Cardiac Syndrome X
Authors: Carmine Pizzi, Olivia Manfrini, Fiorella Fontana, Raffaele Bugiardini
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Morbidity of patients with Syndrome X (SX; chest pain and normal coronary angiograms) is high and is associated with continuing episodes of chest pain and hospitalization. Impairment of microvascular endothelial function caused by increased oxidative stress has been suggested to be a mechanism of the disease. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is the major antioxidant enzyme system of the vascular wall. This study sought to establish whether combination treatment with ACE inhibitors and statins reduces oxidative stress and improves quality of life of patients with cardiac SX. Methods and Results— Forty-five patients with SX were randomly assigned to receive either a combination of ramipril (10 mg/d) and atorvastatin (40 mg/d) or placebo for 6 months. We determined the activity of extracellular SOD and its relation to flow-dependent endothelium-mediated dilation (FMD) and quality of life (exercise capacity and score with Seattle Angina Questionnaire [SAQ]) before and after treatment. After 6 months, patients with SX who received atorvastatin and ramipril had significantly reduced ( P =0.001) SOD levels (188.1±29.6 U/mL). No significant changes were seen on placebo (262.9±48.8 U/mL). Reduction of SOD after therapy was negatively correlated with FMD ( r =0.38; P =0.01) and positively with total cholesterol ( r =−0.56; P &lt;0.001). At follow-up, patients taking atorvastatin and ramipril improved their quality of life both in terms of exercise duration (by 23.46%) and SAQ (by 64.1%). Conclusions— Six months of therapy with atorvastatin and ramipril improves endothelial function and quality of life of patients with SX. Reduced SOD activity may reflect low superoxide anion production. Benefits of these drugs may be related to reduction of oxidative stress.
Absence of pathogenic γ-secretase mutations in a South Wales cohort of familial and sporadic hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa)
Authors: J.R. Ingram, M. Wood, B. John, R. Butler, A.V. Anstey
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article Absence of pathogenic γ‐secretase mutations in a South Wales cohort of familial and sporadic hidradenitis suppurativa (acne inversa) Get access J.R. Ingram, J.R. Ingram Department of Dermatology and Wound Healing, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K John R. Ingram. E‐mail: ingramjr@cardiff.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Wood, M. Wood All Wales Molecular Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. John, B. John All Wales Molecular Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Butler, R. Butler All Wales Molecular Genetic Diagnostic Laboratory, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.V. Anstey A.V. Anstey Department of Dermatology, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 4, 1 April 2013, Pages 874–876, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12048 Published: 01 April 2013
Evaluation and Treatment of the Patient with an Elevated Blood Pressure
Authors: James H. Currens
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1959)

THE terminology for a chronic disease or a clinical phenomenon in which the etiology is obscure may become garbled over a period of years. It is advisable, therefore, to review the nomenclature periodically in a chronic disease so that either proper descriptive terms are used or, when possible, specific etiologic terms are applied. Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of "benign" and "malignant" hypertension have never been adequately defined except in retrospect and are names that have been borrowed from pathology, which is a good point for retrospective analysis. The name hypertension itself has been challenged as a proper term to . . .
Fully covered self-expandable metal stent treatment of spurting bleeding into the biliary tract after endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of a solid lesion of the pancreatic head
Authors: Luca Barresi, Ilaria Tarantino, Dario Ligresti, Gabriele Curcio, Antonino Granata, Mario Traina
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 67-year-old man with a pancreatic head lesion was referred for endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) diagnosis and staging. EUS revealed a 35-mm, hypoechoic, irregular lesion of the pancreatic head. The lesion had no cleavage plane with the portal vein, and it had clearly invaded the bile duct and duodenal wall. The gastroduodenal artery was interfering with the EUS-FNA, so it was necessary to puncture the marginal area of the lesion adjoining the bile duct ([Fig. 1 a]).
"Urine Is an Harlot, or a Lier"
Authors: Ronnie Beth Bush
Journal: JAMA (1969)

This indictment of the "laboratory" without clinical observation appeared in the 1637 book,<i>The Pisse-Prophet Or Certaine Pisse Pot Lectures</i>. Using an attack on uroscopic quackery, Thomas Brian, a young physician, emphasized the eternal confrontation between the doctor and life. Disheartened by the need to manipulate patients in order to benefit them, he felt compelled to write against expecting the physician to have supernatural powers. Uroscopy is the examination of urine for color, consistency, smell, and taste, and represents one of the oldest tests known to man. Linked with the doctrine of the four humors—phlegm, blood, yellow bile, and black bile, which were white, red, yellow, and black, respectively—it was the only available direct laboratory test which was thought to reflect a person's health through direct contact with all parts of the body. Thomas Willis, in his 1681<i>Treatise on Urine</i>, summarized this belief "that for as much as we
Iron deficiency anaemia in patients with rheumatic disease receiving non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: the role of upper gastrointestinal lesions.
Authors: R Upadhyay, H I Torley, A W McKinlay, R D Sturrock, R I Russell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Upper gastrointestinal lesions associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) treatment are commonly implicated as the cause for iron deficiency anaemia in patients with rheumatic diseases. Such patients, however, may also have other causes for iron deficiency, including blood loss from the intestine. One hundred and four patients (mean age 58 years; male 21, female 83; smokers 14) with rheumatic disease (rheumatoid 91, others 13) and absent bone marrow iron stores (mean haemoglobin 83 g/l) were examined. At endoscopy 47 of 104 (45%) had upper gastrointestinal lesions (oesophageal ulcer 4, gastric ulcer 25, gastric erosion 13, duodenal ulcer 4, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer 1). Endoscopic healing was assessed in 23 patients with upper gastrointestinal lesions. Eighteen of 23 (78%) lesions healed with treatment. An improvement of anaemia occurred in 10 of 18 (56%) patients with healed lesions. Twenty three of 104 (22%) patients had dyspeptic symptoms. Ten of 23 (43%) patients with dyspepsia had an upper gastrointestinal lesion as compared with 30 of 81 (37%) patients without dyspepsia. A faecal occult blood test result was available in 53 patients. Of these, 13 were positive while 40 were negative. An upper gastrointestinal lesion was present in seven of 13 (54%) patients positive for the faecal occult blood test as compared with 14 of 40 (35%) negative for the test. Thus upper gastrointestinal lesions have previously been overestimated as the cause of iron deficiency anaemia in patients receiving NSAIDs. A positive faecal occult blood test or the presence of dyspepsia is not associated with upper gastrointestinal lesions in such patients.
Application of a time varying elastance model to right ventricular performance in man
Authors: L. J DELL'ITALIA, R. A WALSH
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1988)

To evaluate instantaneous right ventricular pressure-volume relations we studied nine patients with normal coronary anatomy and ventricular function with simultaneous high fidelity pressure, flow-velocity, and biplane cineventriculographic volumes (60 frames.s-1) during atrial pacing at 93(SD5) beats-min-1, partial autonomic blockade, and pharmacologically altered ventricular loading. The maximum time varying elastance, Emax, was defined as the maximum slope of isochronal, simultaneous pressure-volume data points derived by linear regression analysis from three loading conditions. The slope of the non-isochronal maximum pressure/volume ratio, pressure at minimum volume, end ejection pressure/volume, and peak right ventricular pressure/minimum volume were also derived from the three loading conditions. The mean slope for Emax was 1.30(0.84) mm Hg.ml-1 (range 0.62-2.87) and the volume axis intercept at zero pressure (Vo) was 46(21) ml (range 24-89 ml). Time dependent Emax was characterised by a series of parallel shifting lines of best fit with large changes in Vo in addition to changes in the slope of the pressure volume relations. Only maximum pressure/volume ratio and peak pressure/minimum volume were linearly related to Emax (r = 0.82 and 0.84 respectively, p = 0.05) while pressure at minimum volume and end ejection pressure/volume did not correlate with Emax. We conclude that in normal human subjects (1) right ventricular systolic function may be approximated using a time varying elastance model characterised by a time dependent Vo; (2) end systolic pressure-volume relations using maximum pressure/volume ratio and peak pressure/minimum volume systematically estimate Emax; and (3) other right ventricular end systolic pressure-volume relations near end ejection bear no obvious relation to Emax because of the wide temporal separation between peak systolic elastance and end ejection in this chamber.
Covalent modification as a mechanism for the breakdown of immune tolerance to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in the mouse
Authors: Jeremy M. Palmer, Amanda J. Robe, Alastair D. Burt, John A. Kirby, David E. J. Jones
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

The autoimmune liver disease primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is characterized by the breakdown of normal immune self tolerance to pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC). How tolerance is broken to such a central and highly conserved self antigen in the initiation of autoimmunity remains unclear. One postulated mechanism is that reactivity arises to an altered form of self antigen with subsequent cross-reactivity to native self. In this murine study, we set out to examine whether sensitization with a covalently modified form of self PDC can give rise to the pattern of breakdown of B-cell and T-cell tolerance to self PDC seen in PBC patients. The notion that altered self can lead to tolerance breakdown was studied by sensitizing SJL/J mice with a covalently modified (biotinylated) preparation of self murine PDC (mP/O-B). Subsequently, antibody and T-cell reactivities to unmodified self mP/O were studied. Sensitization with mP/O-B elicited high-titre, high-affinity antibody responses reactive with both the mP/O-B immunogen and, importantly, native mP/O. In addition, significant MHC class II restricted splenic T-cell responses to native mP/O (i.e., true autoimmune responses) were seen in mP/O-B sensitized animals. The breakdown of T-cell self tolerance to mP/O was not seen in animals sensitized with irrelevant biotinylated antigens. In conclusion , this study provides evidence to support the concept that exposure to covalently modified self PDC can, in the correct proimmune environment, replicate the full breakdown of B-cell and T-cell immune tolerance to PDC seen in PBC. One potential etiological pathway in PBC therefore could be the breakdown of tolerance to self PDC occurring after exposure to self antigen covalently modified in the metabolically active environment of the liver. Supplementary material for this article can be found on the Hepatology website (http://interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-9139/suppmat/index.html). (Hepatology 2004;39:1583-1592.)
Octreotide and urinary glycosaminoglycan in Graves' disease.
Authors: T. C. Chang, W. C. Yao, C. C. Chang
Journal: BMJ (1992)

drugs.A prostaglandin E1 analogue reverses the deleterious effect of giving corticosteroid, as we previously showed for indomethacin.Piper et al concluded that their study might have missed an effect of corticosteroids alone on peptic ulcer disease as less than 8% of the patients they studied were taking doses of over 30 mg/day.Though we do not yet have data from humans, particularly on the rate of regenerative repair of peptic ulcers during treatment with corticosteroid, we do not believe that a clinically relevant effect of these drugs on human peptic ulcer disease in the absence of concomitant non-steroidal anti- inflammatory treatment has yet been ruled out.On this, as on the potential protective effects of prostaglandins and acid reducing agents, insufficient data are available.