tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THERAPEUTIC TRIAL OF PENICILLIN IN TETANUS
Authors: Leon Lewis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1946)

Article1 December 1946THERAPEUTIC TRIAL OF PENICILLIN IN TETANUSLEON LEWISLEON LEWISSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-25-6-903 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe clinical usefulness of penicillin has been expanded through laboratory determinations of its antibacterial power in vitro and also through clinical trial in a great variety of infections in which there was frequently little reason to anticipate success. In the case of tetanus, studies in the laboratory have indicated thatClostridium tetaniis affected by penicillin in fairly high dilutions. Abraham and his associates1report complete inhibition ofClostridium tetanigrown in Lemco broth at a dilution of 1,000,000. This figure is the same as that given forStaphylococcus aureusby the same authors. Organisms grown in beef broth were...Bibliography1. ABRAHAMCHAINFLETCHERGARDNERHEATLEYJENNINGSFLOREY EPECMADNCMAWH: Further observations on penicillin, Lancet, 1941, ii, 177-189. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HOBBYMEYERCHAFEE GLKE: Activity of penicillin in vitro, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1942, l, 277-280. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HERRELLNICHOLSHEILMAN WEDRDH: Penicillin: its usefulness, limitations, diffusion and detection, with analysis of 150 cases in which it was employed, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1944, cxxv, 1003-1011. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. ROBINSON HJ: Toxicity and efficacy of penicillin, Jr. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap., 1943, lxxvii, 70-79. Google Scholar5. BUXTONKURMAN RR: Tetanus: A report of two cases treated with penicillin, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1945, cxxvii, 26. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. ABEL JJ: On poisons and disease and some experiments with the toxin of the Bacillus tetani , Science, 1934, lxxix, 121. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. ABELCHALIAN JJW: Researches on tetanus, IV, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp., 1935, lvii, 343; and Researches on tetanus, VIII, ibid., 1938, lxii, 610. Google Scholar8. HARVEY AM: The peripheral action of tetanus toxin, Jr. Physiol., 1939, xcvi, 348. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. Treatment of subacute bacterial endocarditis caused by gamma Streptococci, BuMed News Letter (U. S. Navy), 1945, vi, 6. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication March 16, 1946. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byManagement of tetanusTetanus following dental extraction 1 December 1946Volume 25, Issue 6Page: 903-915KeywordsClinical trialsClostridiumPenicillinResearch laboratoriesStaphylococcus aureusTetanus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1946 PDF downloadLoading ...
Aortic Counterpulsation May Improve Late Patency of the Occluded Coronary Artery in Patients With Early Failure of Thrombolytic Therapy11This study was supported in part by a research grant from Osaka Mishima Critical Care Medical Center, Osaka, Japan.
Authors: TATSUJI KONO, HIROSHI MORITA, TAKUYA NISHINA, MASASHI FUJITA, HARUHIKO ONAKA, YUZO HIROTA, KEISHIRO KAWAMURA, AKIRA FUJIWARA
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Neuromuscular Blockers and ARDS
Authors: Dimitri Gusmão
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

patients with the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treat-ed early with cisatracurium had improved 90-day survival and an increased number of ventilator-free days. We are concerned about a number of methodologic limitations that detract from the reliability of the findings. First, considering that patients who are not paralyzed can trigger the ventilator and paralyzed patients cannot, adequate blinding of study-group assignments among care-givers would seem to have been nearly impossi-ble. Furthermore, patient−ventilator dyssynchrony was not formally monitored, nor were strategies to deal with it prespecified.
Therapeutic implications for acquired resistance and heart toxicity using targeted therapy to ErbB2
Authors: Ping Zhao, Tessa Grabinski, Scot Skinner, Milton Gross, Yanli Su, George Vande Woude, Rick Hay, Brian Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

2512 

Abstract ErbB2 overexpression or amplification predicts for a poor prognosis in breast cancer making it an attractive therapeutic target. Small molecules such as ErbB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibodies are currently used or are in clinical trials. Our data elucidates the pathway of acquired resistance to inhibitors of ErbB1 and ErbB2 tyrosine kinases and antibodies, as well as the underlying pathway associated with cardiac toxicity after Herceptin treatment in some patients. Finally, we show the clinical implications and the therapeutic approaches to overcome resistance to these changes. Materials and Methods Immunostaining was performed for HER2, EGFR, ER, PR, Bcl-2 and FKHRL1/FOXO3a, ERRα, ERR and PGC-1α on cell lines and patient’s biopsies. Western blot analysis was used for ER, PR and FOXO3a, BCL-2, ERRα and ERR and PCG-1α, p-AKT and pERK. AU565, MCF7, BT-474, MCF7/FC2 and AU Bcl-2 were treated with β-estradiol, Tamoxifen Citrate, GW2974, Heregulin/NDF and Herceptin. Results We show that up-regulation of ERα and ER-regulated genes directly contribute to the development of resistance to HER1/HER2 inhibitors, such as lapatinib, GW2974 or Herceptin. Although the ErbB2 pathway remains intact and inhibited by GW2974, lapatinib or Herceptin, the dependence of tumor cell survival in inhibitor-resistant breast cancer cells switches from ErbB2 to ER pathway. By inhibiting ErbB2 and P13/AKT signaling, the inhibitors and antibodies transiently up-regulate FOXO3a, which in turn up-regulates ER and ER-regulated genes, such as BCL2. We were also able to show that these effects occur in patients with ErbB2 overexpressing/ER positive breast cancers treated with lapatinib and IRESSA as monotherapy. By combining EGFR and HER2 inhibitors and antibodies with interventions that down-regulate ER protein depriving tumor cells of estrogen, we were able to delay or possibly prevent the acquisition of ER-mediated resistance. In addition, we have shown that the gene associated with fatty acid metabolic pathway is up-regulated by Herceptin. Discussion Our results show that activation of ER and ER-regulated genes contributed to the development of resistance to ErbB inhibitors in AU and BT474 cells, also occurred in patients treated by ErbB inhibitors whose breast cancers expressed a similar phenotype. Identifying the mechanisms involved in the development of resistance and toxicities to ErbB inhibitors and antibodies will lead to rational therapeutic strategies, which will ultimately improve the clinical activity of ErbB2 small molecule and antibodies.
Abstract 2716: Discovery of novel TAM family kinase inhibitors
Authors: Zaihui Zhang, Rick Li, Erica Lee, Yuxiang Hu, Jun Yan, Jasbinder Sanghera
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract TAM family (Tyro3, Axl, and Mer) of receptor tyrosine kinases mediated signaling is involved in cell survival, proliferation, migration and adhesion, vascular smooth muscle homeostasis, platelet function and erythropoiesis, and regulation of inflammatory cytokine release. These RTKs are frequently co-expressed in vascular, reproductive, nervous, and immune system in adults. TAM family kinases can be activated by vitamin K-dependent ligands GAS6 and Protein S. Tyro3, Axl, and Mer also display ectopic or overexpression in numerous cancers, including myeloid and lymphoblastic leukemias, melanoma, breast, lung, colon, liver, gastric, kidney, ovarian, uterine, and brain cancers. Therefore, they represent another class of kinase targets for development of cancer therapy. In this study, we report the discovery of a new class of potent and selective inhibitors of TAM family. These new compounds have demonstrated in vitro potency in nM range against these kinases and selectivity against other kinases in a selected panel. Many of these new compounds can dramatically reduce the pAkt levels in several cancer cell lines in a dose dependent manner. In thymidine incorporation assay, some compounds showed inhibition of cell proliferation at sub-micromolar concentrations. Furthermore, some compounds have demonstrated efficacy in colony formation assays. The most promising compounds are now being selected for in vivo proof-of-concept studies. The pharmaceutical properties of these compounds together with ADME profile were also evaluated. Taken together, the data generated so far indicates that these new inhibitors of TAM family kinases represent a new approach for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Zaihui Zhang, Rick Li, Erica Lee, Yuxiang Hu, Jun Yan, Jasbinder Sanghera. Discovery of novel TAM family kinase inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2716. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2716
Clinical Features, Treatment, and Outcome of Macrophage Activation Syndrome Complicating Systemic Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: A Multinational, Multicenter Study of 362 Patients
Authors: Francesca Minoia, Sergio Davì, AnnaCarin Horne, Erkan Demirkaya, Francesca Bovis, Caifeng Li, Kai Lehmberg, Sheila Weitzman, Antonella Insalaco, Carine Wouters, Susan Shenoi, Graciela Espada, Seza Ozen, Jordi Anton, Raju Khubchandani, Ricardo Russo, Priyankar Pal, Ozgur Kasapcopur, Paivi Miettunen, Despoina Maritsi, Rosa Merino, Bita Shakoory, Maria Alessio, Vyacheslav Chasnyk, Helga Sanner, Yi‐Jin Gao, Zeng Huasong, Toshiyuki Kitoh, Tadej Avcin, Michel Fischbach, Michael Frosch, Alexei Grom, Adam Huber, Marija Jelusic, Sujata Sawhney, Yosef Uziel, Nicolino Ruperto, Alberto Martini, Randy Q. Cron, Angelo Ravelli
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

To describe the clinical, laboratory, and histopathologic features, current treatment, and outcome of patients with macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).In this multinational, multicenter study, pediatric rheumatologists and hemato-oncologists entered patient data collected retrospectively into a web-based database.A total of 362 patients, 22% of whom had MAS at the onset of systemic JIA, were included in the study by 95 investigators from 33 countries. The most frequent clinical manifestations were fever (96%), hepatomegaly (70%), and splenomegaly (58%). Central nervous system dysfunction and hemorrhages were recorded in 35% and 20% of the patients, respectively. Platelet count and liver transaminase, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, triglyceride, and d-dimer levels were the sole laboratory biomarkers showing a percentage change of >50% between the pre-MAS visit and MAS onset. Evidence of macrophage hemophagocytosis was found in 60% of the patients who underwent bone marrow aspiration. MAS occurred most frequently in the setting of active underlying disease, in the absence of a specific trigger. Nearly all patients were given corticosteroids, and 61% received cyclosporine. Biologic medications and etoposide were given to 15% and 12% of the patients, respectively. Approximately one-third of the patients required admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), and the mortality rate was 8%.This study provides information on the clinical spectrum and current management of systemic JIA-associated MAS through the analysis of a very large patient sample. MAS remains a serious condition, as a sizeable proportion of patients required admission to the ICU or died.
The treatment of mild pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus with a topical corticosteroid
Authors: None Dumas, None Roujeau, None Wolkenstein, None Revuz, None Cosnes
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Seven patients with mild pemphigus vulgaris (n = 3) or pemphigus foliaceus (n = 4) were treated with a very potent topical corticosteroid alone. Clobetasol propionate 0.05% cream was applied to mucosal lesions and involved skin twice a day for at least 15 days, then progressively tapered. Pemphigus was considered to be controlled if healing of lesions was obtained, with a 75% decrease in the number of new lesions per week without addition of any systemic treatment. In all seven patients, the disease was controlled initially with healing of cutaneous lesions within 15 days, while healing of mucosal lesions took at least 1 month. In four patients, remission was maintained with topical corticosteroid alone for a mean 19-month follow-up. In three patients, relapse occurred after 2-11 months, requiring a systemic treatment.
Interfacial Forces and Phenomena in Physiology. Being the Herter Lectures in New York in March, 1922.
Authors: Bayliss, William Maddock, Sir
Journal: JAMA (1924)

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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation in elite long distance runners
Authors: Renata Nakata Teixeira, Beatriz Saraiva Romanholo, Rosana Câmara Agondi, Milton De Arruda Martins, Celso R.F. Carvalho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is highly prevalent in elite athletes and its pathogenesis involves airway inflammation, which has been well described in swimmers and winter endurance athletes; however, the prevalence of EIB and inflammatory profile of elite runners remains unknown. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of EIB and bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) in elite long distance runners and to investigate airway inflammation. Methods: This cross sectional study enrolled 40 male non-asthmatic elite long distance runners (31.2±5.4 years; VO2=66.6±3.1 mL/Kg/min). All athletes underwent eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation test (EVH) to be diagnosed with EIB and were submmited to the following measurements: i) bronchial hyperresponiveness (methacoline provocation test), ii) airway inflammation (induced sputum and exhaled nitric oxide, FENO) and iii) maximal aerobic capacity (cardiopulmonary exercise testing). Informations about experience and volume of training were also obtained. Student t-test was used to compare EIB+ and EIB- athletes and the significance level was set at 5%. Results: The prevalence of EIB was 27.5% (11/40 athletes) and BHR was observed in 7.5% (3/40 athletes). Comparison between EIB+ and EIB- athletes showed that there was no difference neither in aerobic capacity nor in experience and volume of training; however, EIB+ athletes presented higher percentage of sputum eosinophils (p
Abstract 3056: Human ovarian cancer stem cells: In vitro cultivation and characterization
Authors: Tatsuya Ishiguro, Hirokazu Ohata, Hitoshi Nakagama, Koji Okamoto, Kenichi Tanaka, Takayuki Enomoto
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSC) constitute a miniscule population within the heterogeneous cells of cancer tissues, but they can self-renew, differentiate and recapitulate the tumors. In the absence of serum, CSC from some solid tumors are capable of proliferation in vitro under sphere-forming conditions. We have now established spheroid culture conditions for cultivating ovarian cancer cells derived from surgical specimen. These spheroid cells are tumorigenic when explanted into NOD/Shi-scid, IL-2Rγnull mice, and immuno-histological analysis indicates that the resulting tumors are indistinguishable from the originals. When serum is added to the in vitro culture media, the spheroid cells differentiate, which is associated with the down-regulation of the stem cell-specific regulators Nanog, Sox2, and ALDH1A1 and the up-regulation of cytokeratin. Expression of two of the regulators was essential for the sphere cell maintenance because shRNA-mediated knockdown of either Sox2 or ALDH1A1 inhibited cell proliferation. The differentiated cells, when returned to the sphere-forming serum-free conditions, were capable of reforming spheroids and re-expression of the stem cell markers. Single cell gene expression analysis of spheroid cells and the differentiated cells revealed that these two cell populations were clearly different, and that the reverting spheroid cells were similar to the original spheroid population. These findings indicated that the differentiation of the spheroid stem cells was highly reversible. Unexpectedly, the serum-induced differentiation caused the cell population to become more resistant to paclitaxel, one of the key ovarian cancer chemotherapy drugs, whereas de-differentiation/reversion back to spheroids rendered the cells paclitaxel-sensitive again. The intriguing clinical implications of these findings will be discussed. Citation Format: Tatsuya Ishiguro, Hirokazu Ohata, Hitoshi Nakagama, Koji Okamoto, Kenichi Tanaka, Takayuki Enomoto. Human ovarian cancer stem cells: In vitro cultivation and characterization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3056. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3056
Extended Follow-Up of Reduced Intensity Transplantation with an Alemtuzumab-Containing Regimen for Follicular Lymphoma.
Authors: Kirsty Thomson, Emma Morris, Donald Milligan, Ann Hunter, Gordon Cook, Adrian Bloor, Charles Craddock, Lynny Yung, Anne Parker, Ronjon Chakraverty, Karl Peggs, Stephen Mackinnon
Journal: Blood (2007)
The Response of the QT Interval to the Brief Tachycardia Provoked by Standing
Authors: Sami Viskin, Pieter G. Postema, Zahurul A. Bhuiyan, Raphael Rosso, Jonathan M. Kalman, Jitendra K. Vohra, Milton E. Guevara-Valdivia, Manlio F. Marquez, Evgeni Kogan, Bernard Belhassen, Michael Glikson, Boris Strasberg, Charles Antzelevitch, Arthur A.M. Wilde
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
THE TREATMENT OF ARTHRITIC PAIN WITH DEMEROL, A NEW SYNTHETIC ANALGESIC
Authors: Robert C. Batterman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1945)

Article1 March 1945THE TREATMENT OF ARTHRITIC PAIN WITH DEMEROL, A NEW SYNTHETIC ANALGESICROBERT C. BATTERMAN, M.D.ROBERT C. BATTERMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-22-3-382 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWith the exception of salicylates for the polyarthritis of rheumatic fever and colchicine for gout, which are more or less specific for these conditions, the treatment of the chronic pain of arthritis has always been a difficult problem. It is admitted that the commonly used analgesics, such as salicylates and amidopyrine, have some value in the mild form of arthralgias or decrease to some extent the discomfort of chronic pain, but their potency is such that analgesia is never prolonged or complete. Too often the physician must resort to opiates, a practice which unfortunately is not very satisfactory. Of the...Bibliography1. EISLEBSCHAUMANN OO: Dolantin, ein neuartiges Spasmolytikum und Analgetikum (Chemisches und Pharmakologisches), Deutsch. med. Wchnschr., 1939, lxv, 967. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. HIMMELSBACH CK: Studies of the addiction liability of Demerol (D-140), Jr. Pharm. and Exper. Therap., 1942, lxxv, 64-68. Google Scholar3. BATTERMANHIMMELSBACH RCCK: Demerol-a new synthetic analgesic, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1943, cxxii, 222-226. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. HIMMELSBACH CK: Further studies of the addiction liability of Demerol, Jr. Pharm. and Exper. Therap., 1943, lxxix, 5-9. Google Scholar5. BATTERMAN RC: Clinical effectiveness and safety of a new synthetic analgesic drug, Demerol, Arch. Int. Med., lxxi, 345-356. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT C. BATTERMAN, M.D.Affiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication March 16, 1944.From the Department of Therapeutics, New York University College of Medicine and the Third (New York University) Medical Division of Bellevue Hospital.†Demerol is 1-methyl 4-phenyl-piperidine 4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester hydrochloride. It was introduced in Europe as "eudolat," and it was subsequently known on that continent and in South America as "dolantin." The Winthrop Chemical Company, Inc., graciously supplied us with the drug and with other aid in connection with this investigation. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDemerol premedication in the ambulatory patient 1 March 1945Volume 22, Issue 3Page: 382-385KeywordsAnalgesicsArthralgiaDrugsGoutHospital medicineOpiatesPainRheumatic feverRheumatic painSalicylates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1945 PDF downloadLoading ...