tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA20: Harnessing the immune reaction associated with pancreas carcinoma for therapy
Authors: Gregory L. Beatty
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Macrophages are a prominent feature of many solid malignancies. However, their presence within tumors most often portends a poor prognosis due to their ability to promote tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. In pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), macrophages are observed at disease conception and are present throughout all stages of tumor development including metastasis. Strategies to target macrophages in cancer have focused on approaches to 1) deplete macrophages or their precursors, 2) block myeloid cell recruitment to tumor tissues, and 3) inhibit tumor-promoting functions directed by macrophages. However, macrophage biology is largely dependent on cues received from the surrounding microenvironment such that macrophages can be polarized with either tumor promoting or tumor suppressing properties. In this regard, we have previously demonstrated that macrophages can be redirected in vivo with anti-tumor properties leading to depletion of tumor-associated fibrosis and major tumor regressions in both mice and humans. Macrophages responding to systemic activation of the CD40 pathway using an agonist CD40 monoclonal antibody were required for tumor regressions observed in a spontaneous model of murine PDAC. However, not all murine PDAC lesions responded to CD40 therapy. Similarly, treatment response heterogeneity detected on 18FDG-PET/CT was observed in patients with newly diagnosed chemotherapy-naive PDAC who were treated with a fully human CD40 agonist. These findings demonstrate that macrophages associated with PDAC can be harnessed for therapy but also emphasize the importance of tumor intrinsic properties in regulating the efficacy of macrophage immunotherapy in PDAC. Current studies will be presented that investigate 1) the mechanism of action by which macrophages facilitate stromal depletion and 2) potential mechanisms of resistance to macrophage immunotherapy in PDAC. Citation Format: Gregory L. Beatty. Harnessing the immune reaction associated with pancreas carcinoma for therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr IA20.
AURICULAR INFARCTION: REPORT OF TWO CASES
Authors: A J DI IELSI, H A PINSKY, H K EYNON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Case Reports1 February 1952AURICULAR INFARCTION: REPORT OF TWO CASESANTHONY J. DI IELSI, M.D., HARRY A. PINSKY, M.D., HAROLD K. EYNON, M.D., F.A.C.P.ANTHONY J. DI IELSI, M.D., HARRY A. PINSKY, M.D., HAROLD K. EYNON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-36-2-640 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe subject of atrial infarction has been recently reviewed by H. K. Hellerstein.1We are presenting two cases of auricular infarction which are of interest in several respects. One patient developed an infarct in the posterior wall of the right auricle, with mural aneurysm formation, resulting in dysphagia and eventual cardiac tamponade. In the second case, an elevation of the P-Ta segment was noted in the patient's electrocardiogram. The only other case we have been able to find in the literature showing the same electrocardiographic finding was the case reported by H. K. Hellerstein in the September, 1948, issue of...Bibliography1. Hellerstein HK: Atrial infarction with diagnostic electrocardiographic findings, Am. Heart J. 36: 422, 1948. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Camden, New Jersey*Received for publication October 7, 1950.From the Department of Medicine, West Jersey Hospital, Camden, New Jersey. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPrognostic implications of PR-segment depression in inferior leads in acute inferior myocardial infarctionInteratrial conduction and STa in experimental atrial damageThe atrial recovery wave (PT) studied by averaging computer technique in patients with complete heart blockThe atrial recovery wave (PT) studied by atrial pacing technique in patients with complete heart blockLeft Atrial InfarctionAtrial dissociation∗Atrial Repolarization—Its Importance in Clinical ElectrocardiographyClinical evaluation of a new esophageal electrode, with particular reference to the bipolar esophageal electrocardiogram part I. Normal sinus mechanismAuricular infarctionAtrial Rupture of the HeartSequential electrocardiographic changes following auricular injury 1 February 1952Volume 36, Issue 2_Part_2Page: 640-647KeywordsAneurysmsDysphagiaElectrocardiographyHospital medicineInfarctionPatient advocacy Issue Published: 1 February 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 15424: Prolonged Inhibition of Mitochondrial Fission Enhances Myocardial Injury in Response to Ischemia/Reperfusion
Authors: Yoshiyuki Ikeda, Peiyong Zhai, Mitsuru Ohishi, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Mitochondrial quality is maintained through mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission) and mitophagy. Although dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) is crucial in mediating mitochondrial fission, which is essential for elimination of damaged mitochondria by mitophagy, initial suppression of Drp1 by mdivi-1 is reported to protect against cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study aims to clarify the effect of prolonged inhibition of fission on I/R injury.  One-time treatment of C57BL6 mice with mdivi-1 just before I/R significantly reduced the myocardial infarct/area at risk (MI/AAR) compared to vehicle treatment (37.4±5.2 vs. 24.3±8.4%, p  To examine the effect of mdivi-1 treatment on cardiac apoptosis in vitro, cardiomyocytes (CMs) were treated with chelerythrine (10 μM), an inducer of apoptosis, with or without mdivi-1. Mdivi-1 treatment at 50 μM for 1 hour increased CM survival in response to chelerythrine compared to vehicle treatment (68.7±15.4 vs. 98.3±17.2%, p  Thus, while initial inhibition of fission by one-time treatment with mdivi-1 appears to be protective, prolonged inhibition by long-term treatment enhances I/R injury, possibly due to prolonged inhibition of autophagy.
Historic Derivations of Modern Psychiatry.
Authors: Iago Galdston
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Although dealing with an area of great importance to science in general, and medicine in particular, this volume will probably be of little interest to the practicing physician.In this era of the so-called "information explosion" and the deluge of the printed and spoken word, Commu- nication in Science details the problem of information management, and suggests some solutions.Following the usual colloquium format, an orderly sequence of formal papers is presented, individually suc- ceeded by an unstructured group discussion by the sym- posium participants, all of whom are acknowledged authorities in various fields of scientific information man- agement.From a general discussion of scientific commu- nication (man-to-man, man-to-machine, and machine-to- machine) and an in-depth reviews of the current problem and philosophy of information dissemination, collation, and retrieval, the book progresses to new uses and forms of information systems, current status, and suggested future developments.This volume will be of greatest interest to those indi- viduals intimately involved in research activities or prac- tice related to scientific information management and information systems, although it is generally an overview, with few new or novel concepts.Of particular reader in- terest, however, are discussions of information system approaches in the fields of physics and chemistry, and schemas devised to provide scientific information services on national and international bases.Sviridov's description of scientiflc information services in the U.S.S.R. will be of interest to even the most casual reader.
Abstract P080: Fructose Acutely Increases Size of Very Low Density Lipoprotein In Adolescents With Hepatic Steatosis
Authors: Mirian Vos, Ran Jin, Jean Welsh, Ngoc-Anh Le
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Cardiovascular complications are a leading cause of mortality in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Fructose has been reported to be associated with dyslipidemia and increased cardiovascular risk in adults but its impact on adolescents with NAFLD is not well understood. We previously demonstrated that fructose disproportionately increased postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric NAFLD as compared to healthy children. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that fructose would contribute to hypertriglyceridemia in pediatric NAFLD by increasing the size of VLDL particles. Methods: We examined the acute response to a single dose of fructose beverage in 50 Hispanic-American obese adolescents with varying degrees of hepatic steatosis. Those with hepatic fat &gt;5% on MRI imaging were designated as presumed NAFLD. Subjects consumed a 12oz drink containing 33g of fructose and plasma samples were collected at baseline and 30, 60, and 90 minutes afterwards. Plasma lipoproteins were measured using NMR (Liposcience, Raleigh, NC). Results: In response to acute fructose load, subjects without NAFLD increased the total number of TG rich lipoprotein particles (p = 0.047). However, this increase was not observed in subjects with NAFLD; instead, they increased the subpopulation of large VLDL particles (p = 0.008) and the mean size of VLDL particles (p = 0.004) (Figure 1). In line with this finding, TG-to-apoB ratio significantly increased in subjects with NAFLD (2.25 ± 0.26 to 2.37 ± 0.25, p = 0.031) but not in non-NAFLD. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that adolescents with NAFLD have more atherogenic, large VLDL in response to fructose compared to obese adolescents without NAFLD. Dietary fructose restriction may be a critical component in the treatment of NAFLD associated cardiovascular disease and should be tested further.
Effects of glutathione on antioxidant response element-mediated gene expression and apoptosis elicited by sulforaphane.
Authors: Bok-Ryang Kim, Rong Hu, Young-Sam Keum, Vidya Hebbar, Guoxiang Shen, Sujit S Nair, A-N Tony Kong
Journal: Cancer Research (2003)

Sulforaphane (SFN) and its N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) conjugate are effective inhibitors of tumorigenesis in animal models. These compounds induce the expression of the antioxidant response element (ARE)-related genes and cause apoptosis. We studied the role of reduced glutathione (GSH) in the activations of ARE-mediated gene expression, apoptosis, and the activation of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) in HepG2-C8 cells. The cellular level of GSH decreased transiently when cells were exposed to SFN and then increased from 4 h, reaching 2.2-fold over control at 24 h. In contrast, SFN-NAC did not change the GSH level substantially during the time of incubation. ARE expression was increased in a dose-dependent manner up to 35 micro M SFN and 75 micro M SFN-NAC, respectively. The induction of ARE by SFN was 8.6-fold higher than that by SFN-NAC. Pretreatment with L-buthionine sulfoximine increased SFN-induced ARE expression significantly. The decrease in ARE expression at higher concentrations of SFN and SFN-NAC was correlated with accelerated apoptotic cell death, with a dose-dependent activation of caspase 3 activity by SFN. On addition of extracellular GSH within 6 h of treatment with SFN, the effect on ARE expression was blocked almost completely. SFN was able to activate JNK1/2, and that activation was blocked by treatment with exogenous GSH. Taken together, these results suggest that the biological effects of SFN and SFN-NAC on the induction of ARE-related gene expression and apoptosis could be different from each other; however, the different effects on ARE-related gene expression and apoptosis elicited by SFN can be blocked by the addition of GSH.
555. Langerhans Cells Modified by Gene Transfer of Full Length CMV pp65 Are More Potent Inducers of Cytolytic T Lymphocytes in a CD4-Dependent Manner Than Either CMV p495 Gene-Modified or p495 Peptide-Pulsed Langerhans Cells
Authors: Jianda Yuan, Jean-Baptiste Latouche, Joanna Hodges, Glenn Heller, Isabelle Riviere, Michel Sadelain, James W. Young
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The use of dendritic cells (DCs) for immunotherapy is often limited to defined Ags with known MHC restrictions. Investigators are pursuing a number of approaches to introduce whole Ag, however. These would increase the range of MHC alleles presenting immunogenic peptide Ags by allowing DCs to process and present epitopes tailored to their own MHC alleles. We addressed this issue by generating recall immune responses in vitro against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) by seropositive donors. CD34+ HPCs were transduced twice on RetroNectin-coated plates by GalV-pseudotyped oncoretroviral vectors encoding either the full-length HCMV pp65 or the HLA-A*0201-restricted CMV pp65495-503 peptide (p495). Differentiation and maturation of CD34+ HPC-derived Langerhans-type dendritic cells (LCs) followed over the next 14 days. These pp65-transduced and p495-transduced LCs were compared with nontransduced but p495-pulsed LCs, for the generation of CMV-specific CTLs after two rounds of autologous T cell stimulation without additional cytokines. Stimulation by pp65-transduced LCs, p495-transduced LCs, and p495-pulsed LCs respectively increased p495/HLA-A*0201 tetramer positive T cells by 51.3±24.1, 33.8±20.9, and 10.4±10.7-fold (n=4 different donors, P<0.05). CMV specific CD8+ CTLs induced by pp65-transduced LCs, p495-transduced LCs, and p495-pulsed LCs achieved respective frequencies of 714.4±280.8, 582.6±218.6, and 231.0±102.5 spot-forming cells (SFC) per 105 input cells (n=4, P<0.01) against p495-pulsed A*0201 targets in ELISpot assays for IFN-g secretion. pp65-transduced LCs that could present both class I and II MHC-restricted viral epitopes also expanded IFN-g -secreting CD4+ T cells, whereas p495-transduced LCs did not. Stimulation by p495-pulsed-LCs was even associated with a decline in CD4+ T cell numbers. pp65-transduced LCs also stimulated greater lytic activity than did either p495-transduced LCs or p495-pulsed LCs, based on 51Cr release from p495-pulsed A*0201 targets (n=3, P<0.05). CD4+ T cells boosted the overall CTL response, insofar as CD4+ T cell depletion before each round of stimulation decreased the number of effector CD8+ T cells by 70% at d7 and 89% at d14. p495-transduced LCs and p495-pulsed LCs gave similar results. Finally, CMV tetramer positive cells express low levels of CD62L, CD45RA, CD27, and CCR7, consistent with an effector memory phenotype. DCs transduced with a retroviral vector encoding the full-length pp65 protein can thus expand potent CTL presumably directed against multiple epitopes in a CD4+ helper T cell-dependent manner. DCs transduced with retroviral vectors expressing full-length antigens in serum free media should therefore provide effective cell-based vaccines against viral pathogens and cancer.
Relationship Between Wages and Presence of a Match in Medical FellowshipsRESEARCH LETTERS
Authors: Muriel Niederle, Alvin E Roth
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A Woman With Fetal Loss
Authors: Charles L Blander
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation during fiberoptic bronchoscopy: Bi-level vs CPAP valve
Authors: Tiago Pinto, Miguel Gonçalves, Adriana Magalhães, João Carlos Winck
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in severe acute respiratory failure patients may have risks and sometimes is contraindicated. Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation (NPPV) application to assist spontaneous breathing during FOB can be an alternative.

Objective: Compare the application of NPPV (Philips-Respironics BiPAP Vision and Airox Supportair) vs Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) valve (Boussignac) (CV) during FOB, in hypoxemic and/or hypercapnic patients, with various etiologies.

Patients and methods: Fifteen (5 female) with severe hypoxemia defined by PaO2/FiO2  45mmHg.

Results [median (iqr)]: In G1 an IPAP of 23 (3)cmH2O, EPAP of 8 (2)cmH2O were applied and a FiO2 of 70 (50)% and in G2 a oxygen flow of 20 (8,6) L/min, generating a CPAP of 6 (4)cmH2O and a FiO2 of 60 (17,5)%. PaO2 improved after FOB in the whole group: 62,7 (16,1) vs 102,3 (97,1) mmHg post FBO, p =0,002, as well as PaO2/FiO2: 141,6 (57,2) and 203,9 (206) post FBO, p =0,002, and the PaCO2 remained within normal limits. Average SpO2 during FBO was not significantly different in both groups, 95,0 (5,9) in G1 vs 97,2 (0,9) in G2, ( p =0,148). In G1 one patient was intubated.

Conclusion: These results suggest that noninvasive positive pressure has an important role as adjunctive technique during FOB in severe hypoxemic patients (PaO2/FiO2<200). In this preliminary study no advantage of NPPV vs CV.
Trends of asthma in Novosibirsk children aged 6-7 yrs
Authors: Elena Kondiurina, Tatiana Elkina, Vera Zelenskaia, Natalia Timinskaia, Maria Shabliy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:Over the past 10 yrs (2002-2012 yrs) in Novosibirsk there are no data about the epidemiology and risk factors of asthma in children aged 6-7 yrs.

Aim: To study trends of asthma in Novosibirsk children aged 6-7 yrs.

Methods: To explore time trends of epidemiology according to the ISAAC methodology by written questionnaire it was examined 3251 parents of children aged 6-7 yrs in 2002 and 3270 parents in 2012. Compared groups were matched for age and sex of children.

Results: The prevalence of lifetime wheeze was decresed by 0,58% per year (from 24,0% in 2002 to 18,2% in 2002; p<0,001). The prevalence of current wheeze in the last 12 months was changed by 0,41% per year (from 10,8% to 6,7%; p<0,001). However, the percentage of children reported to have had asthma at some time in their lives was increased by 0,17% per year (from 2,5% to 4,2%; p<0,001). We studied also all asthma risk factors included ISAAC Phase Two questionnaire. There were marked some significant variations. For example, there was obtained decreased of passive smoking but one in four children with asthma still continues to be affected by smoke in the home. It was shown that the presence of passive smoking and poor housing conditions (moisture damage, stove heating) due to the first year of life occurred more frequently among children with moderate asthma in comparison with the mild asthma. In addition it was noted that among children with moderate asthma the amount of daily parents smoked cigarettes was significantly higher.

Conclusions: There were noted positive epidemiological changes over the last 10 yrs among children aged 6-7 yrs. This study has confirmed the importance of passive smoking and poor housing conditions in case of moderate asthma.
Regenerative periodontal therapy: 30 years of lessons learned and unlearned
Authors: Cristiano Susin, Ulf M. E. Wikesjö
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2013)

Abstract In this review, we reflect upon advances and hindrances encountered over the last three decades in the development of strategies for periodontal regeneration. In this soul‐searching pursuit we focus on revisiting lessons learned that should guide us in the quest for the reconstruction of the lost periodontium. We also examine beliefs and traditions that should be unlearned so that we can continue to advance the field. This learned/unlearned body of knowledge is consolidated into core principles to help us to develop new therapeutic approaches to benefit our patients and ultimately our society.
Systemic Amyloidosis Presenting with Angina Pectoris
Authors: Jassim Al Suwaidi, James L. Velianou, Morie A. Gertz, Richard O. Cannon, Stuart T. Higano, David R. Holmes, Amir Lerman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Manifestations of cardiac amyloidosis may include congestive heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Although vascular involvement in patients with amyloidosis is common, systemic amyloidosis presenting with angina is rare. Objectives: To report on patients with systemic amyloidosis presenting with angina pectoris. Design: Case series. Setting: Academic medical center. Patients: Five patients who presented with angina pectoris and normal coronary angiogram as the initial manifestation of systemic amyloidosis. Measurements: Endothelial-dependent and endothelialindependent coronary flow reserve. Results: All patients had coronary flow reserve abnormalities and subsequently developed congestive heart failure and systemic manifestations of amyloidosis. Histologic evaluation revealed amyloid deposition in the intramyocardial coronary vessels. Conclusions: Cardiac amyloidosis can present as angina pectoris associated with coronary flow reserve abnormalities despite normal coronary angiograms. This finding may have major therapeutic and prognostic implications in this patient population.
Effect of Statins Alone Versus Statins Plus Ezetimibe on Carotid Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Jerome L. Fleg, Mihriye Mete, Barbara V. Howard, Jason G. Umans, Mary J. Roman, Robert E. Ratner, Angela Silverman, James M. Galloway, Jeffrey A. Henderson, Matthew R. Weir, Charlton Wilson, Mario Stylianou, Wm. James Howard
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)