tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IgA anti-endomysial antibodies in dermatitis herpetiformis: correlation with jejunal morphology, gluten-free diet and anti-gliadin antibodies
Authors: T. REUNALA, T. P. CHORZELSKI, M. VIANDER, J. SULEJ, E. VAINIO, V. KUMAR, E. H. BEUTNER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Circulating IgA-class anti-endomysium antibodies (EmA) can be detected by indirect immunofluorescence on monkey oesophagus sections. We found EmA in 22 (76%) of 29 patients with dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) on a normal, gluten-containing diet. The highest frequency (100%) of EmA was observed in patients with sub-total villous atrophy. IgA-class antigliadin antibodies (AGA) were found using an ELISA method in 59% of 29 DH patients and in 86% of those with sub-total villous atrophy. There was a significant correlation between EmA titres and AGA levels in individual patients. Gluten-free diet (GFD) treatment caused a rapid decrease in EmA titres; only three of the 12 patients still showed raised EmA after 6-12 months on a GFD and two of these three had failed to adhere to a strict diet. In contrast, no decrease in EmA titres occurred in four patients maintained on a normal diet, and two of the three patients with initially negative EmA developed positive titres when continuing on a normal diet. These results show that both IgA-class EmA and AGA are good indicators of jejunal damage in DH. The rapid fall of EmA titres after gluten withdrawal indicates that this test is also useful for monitoring a patient's adherence to a GFD.
Royal institutions: for better, for worse
Authors: D. Spence
Journal: BMJ (2011)

My granny had a picture of the Queen in her kitchen. My granny scowled at me as I recounted my story of spending my commemorative jubilee coin on sweets, and her gnarled knuckles whitened as I suggested the monarchy be abolished. On the day of the wedding of Charles and Diana I remember the sweltering heat, the waft of warm sherry, and the fact there was nothing else on the telly. I didn’t believe in fairytale weddings either. However, like most men I was persuaded to marry and …
Children in the mountains
Authors: A. J Pollard, D. R Murdoch, P. Bartsch
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editorial p 873 

High altitude areas of the world were once visited only by a privileged minority. Now the great mountain ranges have become popular tourist destinations. An increasing number of children accompany their parents on such journeys, but little consideration has been paid to the potential risks of exposing young children to high altitudes. We are aware of ascents in Nepal where infants have been carried to over 6000 m on mountains requiring technical snow mountaineering expertise.

About half the adult tourists on the popular trekking routes in Nepal develop acute mountain sickness,1-3 a disorder characterised by headache, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, fatigue, dizziness, and sleep disturbance that is particularly common above 2500 m, especially when ascent is rapid.4 Although acute mountain sickness is generally benign, it may progress to life threatening high altitude cerebral or pulmonary oedema. Little information exists about altitude illness in children. Wu studied 464 children travelling across the Tibetan plateau at 4550 m and found incidences of acute mountain sickness and high …
Novel insights on the role of CD8+ T cells and cytotoxic responses during<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>infection
Authors: Barbara Kronsteiner, Josep Bassaganya-Riera, Noah Philipson, Raquel Hontecillas
Journal: Gut Microbes (2014)

Helicobacter pylori chronically persists in 50% of the human population and causes serious gastric and duodenal pathologies in 15% of infected people. Research on the immune response to the infection has mainly focused on the induction of CD4+ T cell responses. Human studies emphasize the potential clinical relevance of CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, however this cell type has barely been reported in studies employing mouse or gerbil models. Traditionally characterized as an extracellular bacterium, H. pylori has been identified inside epithelial and immune cells. Similarly to other intracellular bacteria, H. pylori infection of macrophages can alter autophagy and phagosome processing. A novel animal model of H. pylori infection demonstrates for the first time the induction of cytotoxic CD8+ T cell responses in pigs and localization of intracellular H. pylori within lymphoid aggregates. Here, we discuss novel mechanisms of host-H. pylori interactions that could lead to the induction of cytotoxic responses.
Osteomalacia in Paget's disease treated with short term, high dose sodium etidronate.
Authors: C J Gibbs, J E Aaron, M Peacock
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Eleven patients with Paget9s disease treated with sodium etidronate 20 mg/kg/day for two and four weeks showed significant reductions in plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and urinary hydroxyproline excretion, both of which are biochemical markers of bone turnover. After four weeks of treatment, however, histological examination of iliac crest biopsy samples showed that despite a rapid reduction in bone resorption there was an appreciable mineralisation defect; even after only two weeks9 treatment the abnormalities in bone formation persisted for up to 10 weeks. The adverse effects of sodium etidronate on mineralisation cannot be dissociated from its beneficial effect on resorption even when it is given for short periods.
Abstract 913: Erufosine simultaneously induces apoptosis and autophagy by modulating the mTOR signaling pathway in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Vaishali Kapoor, Maya M. Zaharieva, Martin R. Berger
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Erufosine (erucylphospho-N, N, N-trimethylpropylammonium) is an i.v. injectable alkylphosphocholine analog, which is active against various hematological malignancies in vitro. In this study, we reveal activity in oral squamous carcinoma cell lines and down-regulation of the mTOR signaling cascade as novel mechanism underlying the anticancer activity of erufosine. To that purpose, four oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (Cal27, FaDu, SCC9 and SCC25) were exposed to erufosine and assessed for modulation of cell proliferation, colony formation, induction of autophagy/apoptosis, cell cycle distribution, and signaling of the mTOR pathway. In addition, combination effects of erufosine with decreased p-mTOR expression or cytotoxic drugs were investigated. Erufosine showed dose-dependent cytotoxicity in all cell lines as observed by MTT and clonogenicity assays. It simultaneously induced both autophagy and apoptosis via conversion of LC3BI to LC3BII, caspase 3/7 activation and PARP cleavage, respectively. In addition, G2 cell cycle arrest was observed along with cyclin D1 down-regulation. Subsequently, we observed that erufosine readily down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner the phosphorylation of components of the mTOR signaling pathway, like p-Akt, p-Raptor, p-mTOR, and its downstream substrates p-p70S6K and p-4EBP1. p-PRAS40 was reduced to undetectable levels at the highest concentrations of erufosine. Moreover, blockage of p-mTOR expression by siRNA, increased tumor cell sensitivity to erufosine and the resulting antiproliferative effect was comparable to the respective combination with cisplatin but superior to that with rapamycin. Further, erufosine showed additive tumor cell cytotoxicity in combination with 5-flourouracil and cisplatin. In conclusion, these data indicate that erufosine induces apoptosis, autophagy, cell cycle arrest and down-regulates mTOR signaling in oral cancer cell lines. Thus, it has potential as an anti-oral cancer drug either alone or in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 913. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-913
Arthritis possibly induced and exacerbated by a tumour necrosis factor antagonist in a patient with psoriasis vulgaris
Authors: T. Takahashi, Y. Asano, S. Shibata, K. Nakamura, M. Nakao, R. Shida, A. Mitsui, M. Araki, R. Watanabe, H. Fujita, Y. Tada, S. Sato
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)
Efficacy and Safety of 0.3% Carbomer Gel Compared to Placebo in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Dry Eye Syndrome
Authors: Laurence J. Sullivan, Fiona McCurrach, Sharon Lee, Hugh R. Taylor, Maurizio Rolando, Christianne Marechal-Courtois, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, David L. Easty, Constantios Karabatsas, M. Bingh Hoh, Cristoph Faschinger, Laurent Laroche
Journal: Ophthalmology (1997)
Influenza Vaccine Administration in Egg Allergic Children
Authors: F.S. Khan, F.S. Virant, C.T. Furukawa, L.C. Altman, P.V. Williams, M.S. Kennedy, J.W. Becker, M.V. Lasley, M.E. Weiss, S.A. Tilles, A.J. Tatum, J.C. Walker, T.N. Tran, D.R. Naimi, A.Y. Park, N.J. Attaway, J.D. Sprenger, D. Frazier, T. Chinn, L. Higgins
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Hospital prepares to test use of "cloud" technology for sharing patient records
Authors: M. Cross
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Patients and their home carers will share clinical information with GPs and staff in an NHS acute trust across an “information cloud” if a London research project bears fruit. Demonstrations will begin next month at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital of a system designed to seamlessly integrate acute, primary, and home care, the project’s leaders said this week.

The so called “e-health cloud” will test one approach to the government’s stated ambition for NHS patients in England to take control of their health records. It will also attract intense scrutiny over …
MALIGNANT TUMOR OF THE TESTICLE.
Authors: J. B. CUTTER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The recent report<sup>1</sup>on this subject calls to mind a similar case coming under my own observation. <h3>Patient.</h3> —J., a brakeman, applied to me, in May, 1900, for relief of what he had been told was hydrocele. <h3>Examination.</h3> —The left testicle was found to be enlarged to the size ofa lemon; it was fairly firm and not painful. Operation was advised and submitted to and the left testicle was removed and found to be carcinomatous. Recovery was uneventful and the man soon returned to work. A bad prognosis was given. <h3>Subsequent History.</h3> —In November, 1900, the man returned for treatment and placed himself under the care of another physician, having meantime left the employ of the railroad. I was called to see the patient in consultation and found in the left hypochondrium a more or less movable mass. This had been gradually increasing in size and had been variously
Case 13-1969
Authors: Lewis Dexter, Irwin K. Kline
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1969)

Presentation of CaseA forty-eight-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of recurrent subscapular pain.He had had a cardiac murmur since birth. Fifteen years before admission there was the onset of intermittent episodes of arrhythmia. During the four years before entry he was treated with diuretics for ankle edema and with methyldopa for hypertension of unknown degree. During the six months before admission he experienced attacks of sharp, severe right subscapular pain, usually precipitated by exertion or tension and relieved by rest and nitroglycerin; there was no pain in the shoulder or right upper quadrant of the abdomen. . . .
Novel mutations in the gene<i>HOXC13</i>underlying pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia in consanguineous families
Authors: R.H. Ali, R. Habib, N. ud-Din, M.N. Khan, M. Ansar, W. Ahmad
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article Novel mutations in the gene HOXC13 underlying pure hair and nail ectodermal dysplasia in consanguineous families Get access R.H. Ali, R.H. Ali Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Habib, R. Habib Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. ud‐Din, N. ud‐Din Department of Zoology University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzafarabad Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.N. Khan, M.N. Khan Department of Zoology University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Muzafarabad Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Ansar, M. Ansar Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Ahmad W. Ahmad Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Biological Sciences Quaid‐i‐Azam University Islamabad Islamabad Pakistan Correspondence: Wasim Ahmad. E‐mail: wahmad@qau.edu.pk R.H.A and R.H. contributed equally to this work Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 169, Issue 2, 1 August 2013, Pages 478–480, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12302 Published: 01 August 2013
Effects of sulindac on sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyps.
Authors: N Matsuhashi, A Nakajima, Y Fukushima, Y Yazaki, T Oka
Journal: Gut (1997)

Although sulindac is known to cause regression of colorectal adenomatous polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis, less is known about the effect of sulindac on sporadic adenomas. The precise mechanisms of these effects also remain to be determined.Sulindac was given to patients with sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyps to evaluate its effects on them, and histological analysis was performed to elucidate the mechanism of the polyp regression, as well the kind of adenomatous polys that are susceptible to the agent.20 adenomatous polyps in 15 patients were studied.Sulindac (300 mg daily) was given for four months, followed by colonoscopy with removal of the residual polyps. Polyp size, degree of atypia, inflammatory cell infiltration in the polyps, and immunostaining for mutant p53 product were evaluated before and after treatment.13 of the 20 polyps shrank or disappeared. Patient sex, polyp location, size, degree of atypia, or p53 mutation did not affect the response, but polyps in older patients were more sensitive to sulindac. The degree of atypia or inflammatory cell infiltration was not affected by the treatment. A polyp containing a focal cancer was unresponsive.Sulindac can cause regression of sporadic colorectal adenomatous polyps.
THE PRESENT STATUS OF THE ETIOLOGY OF SQUINT
Authors: WILLIAM ZENTMAYER
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Twenty-five years ago, the theory of Donders as to the causation of squint seemed firmly established despite the objections brought forward at that time by Schweigger, but since then several new theories have been advanced, one of which at least, has secured a considerabel following. A study of the various monographs bringing forward theories other than the accommodative one shows that there is a lack of unanimity regarding the essential phenomena entering into the question. Thus one observer (Straub<sup>1</sup>), who believes that a failure of the development of binocular vision accounts for both the hyperopia and the squint, admits the almost constant and important association of the two conditions but has not found that the vision in the amblyopic eye can be improved frequently or materially by practice, and in those instances where parallelism of the visual axes is obtained he finds that only the rudiments of binocular vision
Long-term in vivo study of plasma-sprayed coatings on titanium alloys of tetracalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite and α-tricalcium phosphate
Authors: C.P.A.T. Klein, P. Patka, J.G.C. Wolke, J.M.A. de Blieck-Hogervorst, K. de Groot
Journal: Biomaterials (1994)
The influence of age and sex on skin thickness, skin collagen and density
Authors: SAM SHUSTER, MARTIN M. BLACK, EVA McVITIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

Forearm skin collagen, dermal thickness and collagen density were measured in a large number of normal subjects as a standard reference for future studies. Skin collagen decreased with age and was less in the females at all ages. There is a direct relationship between skin collagen and dermal thickness but variations in collagen density in disease limit the use of dermal thickness as a guide to changes in its collagen content.
Drugs company makes false claims over bedwetting drug
Authors: M. Gould
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Motivation</h3> Third-generation sequencing technologies Pacific Biosciences and Oxford Nanopore allow the sequencing of long reads of tens of kbp, that are expected to solve various problems, such as contig and haplotype assembly, scaffolding, and structural variant calling. However, they also display high error rates that can reach 10 to 30%, for basic ONT and non-CCS PacBio reads. As a result, error correction is often the first step of projects dealing with long reads. As first long reads sequencing experiments produced reads displaying error rates higher than 15% on average, most methods relied on the complementary use of short reads data to perform correction, in a hybrid approach. However, these sequencing technologies evolve fast, and the error rate of the long reads now reaches 10 to 12%. As a result, self-correction is now frequently used as the first step of third-generation sequencing data analysis projects. As of today, efficient tools allowing to perform self-correction of the long reads are available, and recent observations suggest that avoiding the use of second-generation sequencing reads could bypass their inherent bias. <h3>Results</h3> We introduce CONSENT, a new method for the self-correction of long reads that combines different strategies from the state-of-the-art. More precisely, we combine a multiple sequence alignment strategy with the use of local de Bruijn graphs. Moreover, the multiple sequence alignment benefits from an efficient segmentation strategy based on <i>k</i>-mer chaining, which allows a considerable speed improvement. Our experiments show that CONSENT compares well to the latest state-of-the-art self-correction methods, and even outperforms them on real Oxford Nanopore datasets. In particular, they show that CONSENT is the only method able to efficiently scale to the correction of Oxford Nanopore ultra-long reads, and is able to process a full human dataset, containing reads reaching lengths up to 1.5 Mbp, in 15 days. Additionally, CONSENT also implements an assembly polishing feature, and is thus able to correct errors directly from raw long read assemblies. Our experiments show that CONSENT outperforms state-of-the-art polishing tools in terms of resource consumption, and provides comparable results. Moreover, we also show that, for a full human dataset, assembling the raw data and polishing the assembly afterwards is less time consuming than assembling the corrected reads, while providing better quality results. <h3>Availability and implementation</h3> CONSENT is implemented in C++, supported on Linux platforms and freely available at https://github.com/morispi/CONSENT. <h3>Contact</h3> pierre.morisse2@univ-rouen.fr
Rudeness provokes most complaints against doctors in Saskatchewan
Authors: D. Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Rudeness of doctors features in “a very high proportion” of complaints received by the College of Physicians and Surgeons of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan, its registrar, Dr Dennis Kendel, said this week.

“By far the most common complaint that patients make about physicians is that they were unspeakably ‘rude’ in the course of providing treatment,” says an article reporting an interview with Kendel in the electronic version of the Canadian Medical Association Journal (http://cma.ca/cmaj/).

The article also quotes Dr …
Localizing glucose transport proteins: Active investigation of passive carriers
Authors: Jorge J. Gumucio, Jonathan D. Kaunitz
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

The “liver” isoform of the facilitated diffusion glucose transporter is expressed predominantly in liver, intestine, kidney, and pancreatic islet α-cells. The apparent molecular mass of the transporter in liver, kidney, and intestine is different, as detected by Western blot analysis of membrane proteins using antipeptide antibodies. However, as assessed by Northern blot analysis and molecular cloning, the same mRNA is expressed in these tissues, indicating that there are tissue-specific posttranslational modifications of the same transporter polypeptide. As determined by immunofluorescence analysis on frozen tissue sections, the liver glucose transporter is present on the sinusoidal membrane of hepatocytes, on the basolateral membrane of fully differentiated absorptive intestine epithelial cells, and on the basolateral membrane of proximal tubule cells of the kidney nephron. This localization is consistent with the involvement of the liver glucose transporter in several key steps of glucose metabolism: glucose uptake and release by the liver and absorption or reabsorption by epithelial cells of the intestine and kidney, respectively. The localization of two glucose transporter isoforms was mapped in the rat kidney: the high-Michaelis constant (K m ; 15-20mM) low-affinity “liver” transporter and the low-K m (1-2mM) high-affinity erythroid/brain transporter. Both are basolateral membrane proteins, but the liver transporter was present exclusively in the S 1 part of the proximal tubule, whereas the erythroid/brain transporter was expressed at variable levels in different nephron segments. Staining intensity was low in the straight proximal tubule (S 3 ), intermediate in the medullary thin and thick ascending limbs, and highest in connecting segments and collecting ducts. In the collecting duct, the erythroid/brain glucose transporter was expressed at the highest level in intercalated cells; less was present in principal cells. In the papilla, only intercalated cells expressed this transporter isoform. These results suggest specific involvement of each transporter isoform in transepithelial glucose reabsorption by different segments of the proximal tubule. They also indicate that while the liver glucose transporter is present in gluconeogenic cells, there is a good correlation between the level of expression of the erythroid/brain glucose transporter and the glycolytic activity of the different nephron segments.
Cancer of the Skin: Biology, Diagnosis, Management
Authors: E. DORINDA LOEFFEL
Journal: JAMA (1977)

This well-organized, monumental text stresses a multidisciplinary approach to skin cancer, with close collaboration among dermatologists, pathologists, surgeons, and radiotherapists. The book reflects more than 25 years' experience at the New York University Skin and Cancer Unit, where many patients are seen weekly in joint tumor conferences. Other viewpoints are also represented, however, as 56 of the 101 contributors live elsewhere in the United States and in many other countries. The domain of skin cancer has long outgrown the familiar realms of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, which together comprise less than 15% of the book. Numerous varieties of skin cancer exist, potentially arising from any component of normal skin, including hair follicles, sweat glands, and cutaneous nerves and blood vessels. For those unfamiliar with the anatomy of normal skin, a well-illustrated 70-page chapter on normal skin histology is included. The diversity of skin cancer presents in