tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Development of Renal-targeted Vectors Through Combined In Vivo Phage Display and Capsid Engineering of Adenoviral Fibers From Serotype 19p
Authors: Laura Denby, Lorraine M Work, Dan J Von Seggern, Eugene Wu, John H McVey, Stuart A Nicklin, Andrew H Baker
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2007)

The potential efficacy of gene delivery is dictated by the infectivity profile of existing vectors, which is often restrictive. In order to target cells and organs for which no efficient vector is currently available, a promising approach would be to engineer vectors with novel transduction profiles. Applications that involve injecting adenovirus (Ad) vectors into the bloodstream require that native tropism for the liver be removed, and that targeting moieties be engineered into the capsid. We previously reported that pseudotyping the Ad serotype 5 fiber for that of Ad19p results in reduced hepatic transduction. In this study we show that this may be caused, at least in part, by a reduction in the capacity of the Ad19p-based virus to bind blood coagulation factors. It is therefore a potential candidate for vector retargeting, focusing on the kidney as a therapeutic target. We used in vivo phage display in rats, and identified peptides HTTHREP and HITSLLS that homed to the kidneys following intravenous injection. We engineered the HI loop of Ad19p to accommodate peptide insertions and clones. Intravenous delivery of each peptide-modified virus resulted in selective renal targeting, with HTTHREP and HITSLLS-targeted viruses selectively transducing tubular epithelium and glomeruli, respectively. Our study has important implications for the use of genetic engineering of Ad fibers to produce targeted gene delivery vectors.
Women Doctors Are Here to Stay
Authors: Cynthia B. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
1123-185 Is there regional variation in levels of serum brain natriuretic peptide in patients with pulmonary hypertension?
Authors: Benjamin H Trichon, Joseph D Kay, Geoff Kunz, Thomas R Gehrig, Katherine Kisslo, J.Kevin Harrison, Andrew Wang, Victor Tapson, L.Kristen Newby, Thomas M Bashore
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Marrow Transplantation in Genetic Disease
Authors: John A. Barranger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Recent experience with bone-marrow transplantation for the treatment of inherited disorders of metabolism has highlighted several complicated issues regarding the procedure.1 2 3 4 The report by Krivit et al.4 in this issue of the Journal adds another case to the series and provides a few more pieces of important data related to the general question of therapy for genetic disorders of metabolism. Because many aspects of the pathogenesis of these diseases are undefined, physicians are constantly in dialogue with basic scientists studying the biochemistry, cell biology, and molecular genetics of these disorders. The conclusions of these discussions must result in the answer . . .
Room in New York
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Vaccine Prevention of Maternal Cytomegalovirus Infection
Authors: Robert F. Pass, Changpin Zhang, Ashley Evans, Tina Simpson, William Andrews, Meei-Li Huang, Lawrence Corey, Janie Hill, Elizabeth Davis, Cynthia Flanigan, Gretchen Cloud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Congenital infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of hearing, cognitive, and motor impairments in newborns.
Adventitia contribution to vascular contraction: Hints provided by tissue-engineered substitutes
Authors: F AUGER, P DORLEANSJUSTE, L GERMAIN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2007)

It is well accepted that the adventitia is much more than a simple elastic membrane which surrounds the media. However, the extent of its contribution to vascular physiology, as well as the mechanisms involved, remains to be clearly established and characterised. Investigation into these topics is hampered by a few technical challenges, like the paucity of available healthy human vascular samples and the variability such samples can display. Another challenge is the isolation and preparation of intact adventitia without contaminating cells from the media. For those reasons, although other models have proved useful to address these questions, data from tissue-engineered vascular substitutes can also provide quite valuable answers. Results from such substitutes indicate that a reconstructed adventitial layer can respond to classic vasoactive agents such as endothelin and sodium nitroprusside.
Mitral valvotomy in patients aged 50 years and over.
Authors: J. M. Reid, R. S. Barclay, J. G. Stevenson, T. M. Welsh, N. McSwan
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Mitral valvotomy is a well-established procedure and is indicated in patients who have symptoms due to rheumatic mitral stenosis.The risk of operation in the younger age group (up to 50 years of age) is now very low, but in older patients it is a more formidable undertaking with greater risks owing to associated degenerative heart and cerebrovascular disease.Furthermore, there is considerable controversy on how much benefit will accrue from mitral valvotomy in this age group.It was for these reasons that a retrospective study was carried out of all patients aged 50 and over who had mitral valvotomy performed in the cardiothoracic unit at Mearnskirk Hospital. MaterialThe period under review extends from early 1953 up to the latter part of 1965, during which time mitral valvotomy was performed in 704 patients, 99 of whom were aged 50 and over.These 99 patients form the basis of the present com- munication.The number in each age group is shown in Table I.TABLE I.-Number of Patients in Each Age Group Age group No. of patients .. 50-53 57 54-57 29 58-61 10 62-65 3There was the usual sex preponderance, 77 of the patients being female.The incidence of atrial fibrillation was strikingly high (71), but that is hardly surprising in this age group.Olesen (1962), in a study of 271 patients with mitral stenosis who had not been operated on, found atrial fibrillation in 55%, the average age in his series being 41.5 years.A previous his- tory of rheumatic fever was obtained in 45 of the present 99, some of the patients having experienced two or more attacks.Substantial exertional dyspnoea was present in all, varying in most from grade II to grade III, but with a small number in grade IV.In some of our patients the existence of a heart condition had been known for many years before the onset of troublesome symptoms.One patient aged 55, although aware that she had had mitral stenosis since the age of 30, had become incapacitated only in the last few years.Pulmonary arterial hypertension was present in a significant degree in 77, in 10 of whom the systolic pressure ranged from 70 to 100 mm.Hg. Associated ConditionsMany patients with mitral-valve disease are prone to recur- rent attacks of bronchitis, and one would expect to encounter this more often in older patients.Fifteen of our patients could be classified as suffering from chronic bronchitis, and this proved an additional hazard in the immediate post-operative phase.
Effect of endogenous digoxin-like factor and digoxin antibody on myocardial Na+, K+-pump activity and ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial ischaemia in rats
Authors: A. Y Bagrov, O. V Fedorova, N. I Roukoyatkina, E. P Zhabko
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: The aim was to study whether a circulating sodium pump inhibitor (endogenous digoxin like factor) contributes to the genesis of early ventricular arrhythmias in acute myocardial ischaemia in rats. Methods: Effects of digoxin antibody (260 μg·kg−1) on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias, plasma digoxin like immunoreactivity (DELFIA immunoassay), Na+, K+, and Mg2+ ions, and activity of the ouabain sensitive Na+, K+-pump in different regions of myocardium have been studied in propranolol naive and propranolol pretreated rats exposed to acute coronary artery ligation. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into six experimental groups: (1) saline pretreated controls; (2) saline pretreated coronary artery ligated rats; (3) coronary artery ligated rats pretreated with 260 μg·kg−1 digoxin antibody; (4) propranolol pretreated controls; (5) propranolol pretreated rats with acute myocardial ischaemia; (6) rats with acute myocardial ischaemia pretreated with both propranolol and digoxin antibody. Results: Acute myocardial ischaemia in saline pretreated rats was associated with a twofold increase of plasma digoxin like immunoreactivity and ventricular arrhythmias, but did not lead to changes in myocardial Na+, K+-pump activity. Pretreatment of coronary artery ligated rats with digoxin antibody reduced the total duration of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation during a 15 minute postligation period from 201(SEM 34) to 46(18) seconds (p<0.002) but did not alter activity of the myocardial Na+, K+-pump. In rats pretreated with propranolol, acute myocardial ischaemia was associated with a twofold inhibition of the Na+, K+-pump in left atrial and left ventricular myocardium, and with a 69% increase in plasma K+ concentration. Administration of digoxin antibody to propranolol pretreated coronary artery ligated rats in parallel with the antiarrhythmic effect prevented the increase in plasma K+ concentration and inhibition of Na+, K+-pump in the left atrial, but not the left ventricular myocardium. Conclusions: A circulating digoxin like factor contributes to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischaemia induced ventricular arrhythmias. As propranolol pretreatment of coronary artery ligated rats inhibited the Na+, K+-pump in myocardium, the inhibitory effect of endogenous digoxin like factor on Na+, K+-ATPase was probably masked in propranolol naive animals by the stimulatory action of catecholamines on Na+, K+-ATPase described previously. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:1045-1050
Contributors to Depression in Latino and European-American Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lawrence Fisher, Catherine A. Chesla, Joseph T. Mullan, Marilyn M. Skaff, Richard A. Kanter
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

OBJECTIVE—To determine the independent and cumulative contributions of diabetes and other life stresses on depression and anxiety in Latino and European-American (EA) patients with diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A total of 75 Latino and 113 EA patients with type 2 diabetes, recruited from managed care settings, were assessed regarding three groups of potential stresses: demographics (age, sex, and education), disease status (functional impact, time since diagnosis, comorbidities, HbA1c, and BMI), and family stress (financial stress, spouse conflict resolution, and family closeness). Dependent variables were depression (Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale [CES-D]) and anxiety (Symptom Checklist [SCL-90]). Multiple regression equations assessed the independent contribution of each predictor on depression and anxiety. RESULTS—For both ethnic groups, education, functional impact, and financial stress significantly and independently predicted depression; poor spouse conflict resolution was a fourth significant predictor for EA patients only. The equations accounted for a high percentage of variance (43– 55%). Excluding education, the same variables predicted anxiety for both ethnic groups. The disease status and family stress variable groups significantly predicted outcomes independently. The relationships among these variables and depression and anxiety generally occurred for all patients, not only for those classified as likely depressed. CONCLUSIONS—The findings suggest the utility of considering many life stresses, not just diabetes alone, that combine to affect depression and anxiety. We suggest that these effects are experienced cumulatively as general psychological distress for all patients with diabetes, not just those classified as likely depressed. Taken together, the findings emphasize a life-centered, patient-focused approach to the treatment of depression, rather than an exclusive disease-related perspective.
A20 (TNFAIP3) genetic alterations in EBV-associated AIDS-related lymphoma
Authors: Lisa Giulino, Susan Mathew, Gianna Ballon, Amy Chadburn, Sharon Barouk, Giuseppina Antonicelli, Lorenzo Leoncini, Yi Fang Liu, Swarna Gogineni, Wayne Tam, Ethel Cesarman
Journal: Blood (2011)
Management of Comorbid Diabetes Mellitus and Worsening Heart Failure
Authors: Sadiya S. Khan, Javed Butler, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SOME SURGICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN WOUND TREATMENT DURING THE WAR
Authors: A. W. Mayo-Robson
Journal: BMJ (1918)

T umiglht lhave been tlhought tfiat the experience gaine(d in zivil practice would be directly applicable to war wotauds, but this lholds good only to a limited extent.Virttually all var woiunds, vitlh the exception of some btillet wounds, are not only septic but virulently septic; this is due to tljo contam-ination of the sliin anid clotlhina, as well as the fragments of slhell and otlher foreign bodies drliven-inito the tissues, by the germn saturated soil of the hliglhly cultivated lalads of France anid lBelgium.At the present timle the following distinct imietlhodls of wound treatment are being emuployed, Anld some of these hiave several or even numierous nrbdifications:1. Asepsis.2. The treatiient of septic wouinds on general-principles:free inlcision, reumioval of foreigii hodies,, 1hCo'rough irrigation witlh or without aiitiseptics, and free (drainagre.3. Antisepsis as introduced by Lister, and its mliodifications.(a) The use of alcolhol alone, no wiater or watery solution coingiIi4 near the woutd(l.(b) Thje use of various more or less poisonouls anti- septics, suichl as carbolic acid, mnercurpyerehloh-ide,I mlelrcury binio(lide, iodine, l)ota.5siuitiperman-ganate, cuusol.flavine, chiloraminie-T, b"rillianit green, etc., (c) Tlhe Cartel-Dakin treatmieit, thee coutihuo0us use of a solution of sodium hypoch1lor0ite.-(d)Antiseutic pastes, sich a's ti-eatienit by bxpp, introdnuced by Professor Ruther-ford Morison, or ils ' m.odtificationl by the use of otlher pastes 4. Pljysiological tim-atl;ienDt, initroduced by Sir.Alitirothi WVright, lwho uses a hypertonic salt solitiolni.Arising out of thie latter, but distinict hoim it.tile salt p)aek, introduced by Colonel Gray.5. Surgical treatmuent--cornpletee Xcision of the wouind, including all contaroiiiated parts andforci(gn bodies.6. Bacteriological t'C.atnielt.in trodeCedby J)Dr. Donald- son and AIlajor .J. Le(minard Joyc C-tha1lt iS. the introduction of a beieflicelit orguanismn tolkill the nlndigiant si-imus.
PMO-078 Technical feasibility: mechanically-retained low-profile button gastrostomy: Abstract PMO-078 Figure 1
Authors: J R Cain, T Westwood, L Wilbraham, D W Edwards, H U Laasch
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A replacement button-gastrostomy has been developed, retained by a mechanical internal fixator formed by loops of the tube shaft. When stretched by the introducer/extractor tool it returns to a completely flat tube profile, avoiding the need for oversizing the stoma, reducing pain on exchange and potentially increasing the tube dwell time beyond the recommended 3 month intervals of balloon tubes. We assessed whether the prototype is applicable to clinical practice. <h3>Methods</h3> Suitable patients referred for replacement of a conventional gastrostomy were invited to receive a 14Fr prototype instead of a 12Fr balloon gastrostomy requiring a 16Fr track. Gastrostomies were inserted without local anaesthesia, unless required for removal of the existing PEG/RIG. Regular follow-up at increasing periods was performed and difficulties and complications recorded. Informed consent and approval by the institutional review board was given, the device is CE marked. <h3>Results</h3> All tubes were sited and subsequently exchanged without difficulty and essentially pain-free. Two patients had PEGs removed fluoroscopically under sedation prior to siting the tubes, 14 patients with an existing balloon tube found the exchange from much less painful. Initially the prototypes were changed routinely after 6 months. At present they are left until the patient indicates a need for review. No complications occurred during the insertion of the feeding tubes. No accidental displacements occurred. Seven feeding tubes (47%) are still in situ after a median of 250 days. Of the remaining tubes five were removed due to end of treatment, 4 were changed back to a balloon tube (two patient preference, two for infection and leakage). 14/16 patients indicated a clear preference for the prototype because of lack of balloon-maintenance, reduced number of tube changes and painfree tube removal and insertion. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The feasibility study proved the mechanical retainer to have sufficient internal fixation with much reduced need for maintenance and applicable to clinical practice. Dwell time can easily exceed 1 year and patient acceptability was much higher than expected. The reduced number of tube changes and lack of pain of these would be particularly important in children. <h3>Competing interests</h3> J Cain: None declared, T Westwood: None declared, L Wilbraham: None declared, D Edwards consultant for: Vygon, H U Laasch consultant for: Vygon, Kimberley-Clarke.
REM sIeep = dreaming: The never-ending story
Authors: Corrado Cavallero
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

It has been widely demonstrated that dreaming occurs throughout human sleep. However, we once again are facing new variants of the equation “REM sleep = Dreaming.” Nielsen proposes a model that assumes covert REM processes in NREM sleep. I argue against this possibility, because dream research has shown that REM sleep is not a necessary condition for dreaming to occur. [Nielson]
Idiopathic Enlargement of the Right Atrium
Authors: ROBERT G. SUMNER, JOHN H. PHILLIPS, WILLIAM J. JACOBY, DONALD H. TUCKER
Journal: Circulation (1965)

Four patients with idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium are described. All patients were evaluated carefully by clinical means and two were subjected to extensive investigation including cardiac catheterization, angiocardiography, and intracavitary electrocardiography. The diagnosis of idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium is based primarily on radiographic examination with exclusion of other causes of right atrial enlargement by appropriate clinical and laboratory means. In the patients studied no cause for the right atrial abnormality could be established. Nonetheless, it is concluded that this disease is a distinct clinical entity that deserves further recognition and investigation.
Blocking the Myostatin Signal With a Dominant Negative Receptor Improves the Success of Human Myoblast Transplantation in Dystrophic Mice
Authors: Raouia Fakhfakh, Annick Michaud, Jacques P Tremblay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2010)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive disease caused by a dystrophin gene mutation. Myoblast transplantation permits to introduce the dystrophin gene in dystrophic muscle fibers. However, the success of this approach is reduced by the short duration of the regeneration following the transplantation, which reduces the number of hybrid fibers. Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle development and responsible for limiting regeneration. It binds with high affinity to the activin type IIB receptor (ActRIIB). Our aim was to verify whether the success of the myoblast transplantation is enhanced by blocking the MSTN signal with expression of a dominant negative mutant of ActRIIB (dnActRIIB). In vitro, blocking MSTN activity with a lentivirus carrying dnActRIIB increased proliferation and fusion of human myoblasts because MSTN regulates the expression of several myogenic regulatory factors. In vivo, myoblasts infected with the dnActRIIB lentivirus were transplanted in immunodeficient dystrophic mice. Dystrophin immunostaining of tibialis anterior (TA) cross-sections of these mice 1 month post-transplantation revealed more human dystrophin-positive myofibers following the transplantation of dnActRIIB myoblasts than of control myoblasts. Thus, blocking the MSTN signal with dnActRIIB improved the success of myoblast transplantation by increasing the myoblast proliferation and fusion and changed the expression of myogenic regulatory factors.