tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genetic vs Hormonal Factors in Lipid Metabolism in Women—Reply
Authors: Carolyn A. Bondy, Vladimir K. Bakalov
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SINUS BRADYCARDIA IN ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVER
Authors: J G HIRSCH, D M FLETT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Article1 January 1952SINUS BRADYCARDIA IN ACUTE RHEUMATIC FEVERJAMES G. HIRSCH, M.D., DAVID M. FLETT, M.D., F.A.C.P.JAMES G. HIRSCH, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID M. FLETT, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-36-1-146 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONSinus tachycardia is widely recognized as one of the classic features of active rheumatic fever, but the fact that an abnormally slow heart rate is often present during the acute phase of this disease has received little emphasis.Apparently the first report discussing the occurrence of sinus bradycardia in acute rheumatism was that of Andrieu and Aujalen1in 1936. Later, Keith2commented on the pulse rates observed in a large series of rheumatic children. He found that many cases developed a heart rate slower than normal as the acute phase of the illness subsided. Bradycardia was noted to occur...Bibliography1. AndrieuAujalen GE: Case of primary rheumatic bradycardia, Bull. méd. Paris 50: 229, 1936. Google Scholar2. Keith JD: Over-stimulation of the vagus nerve in rheumatic fever, Quart. J. Med. 25: 29, 1938. Google Scholar3. Eden L: Transitory bradycardia during acute rheumatic carditis in children, Ann. paediat. 154: 48, 1939. Google Scholar4. GlazebrookThomson AJS: Pulse rate in acute juvenile rheumatism, Edinburgh M. J. 48: 619, 1941. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. GrossmanGraybiel AMA: Sinus bradycardia in acute rheumatic fever, Arch. Pediat. 63: 105, 1946. MedlineGoogle Scholar6. HirschFlett JGDM: Acute rheumatic fever in the young adult white male, Am. J. M. Sc. 221: 599, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. Jones TD: The diagnosis of rheumatic fever, J. A. M. A. 126: 481, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication March 7, 1951.From the Medical Service, Station Hospital, Francis E. Warren Air Force Base, Cheyenne, Wyoming.†Now at Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, New York City. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAkut Romatizmal Ateş Hastalığında Görülen Ritim ve İleti BozukluklarıInvolvement of the Sinus Node and the Conduction System in Myocarditis and CardiomyopathyErkrankungen des EndokardKrankheiten der Knochen, Gelenke und Muskeln 1 January 1952Volume 36, Issue 1Page: 146-151KeywordsBradycardiaChildrenHeart diseasesHeart rateMedical servicesRheumatic feverTachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Haematemesis and Melaena--Part II
Authors: F. A. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1947)

Effect of Early Feeding and Liberal Transfusion onMortality The more recent statistics, particularly from America and Scandinavia, show a considerable fall in mortality in the past ten years.The Scandinavian figures were never as high as the English and American were, possibly because there is easier admission to hospital and a lower proportion of chronic ulcers.The present series shows a definite fall, and if allowance is made for the older age distribution the reduction is impressive.The figures in this series are compared with those of Cullinan and Price (1932), whose paper is the best-documented one in the literature.Their patients were treated on a restricted fluid intake and only small transfusions.They took a five-year period, 1925-9, and the total number of cases of haematemesis and melaena was 165, but in many the bleeding was associated with diseases other than peptic ulcer, such as cirrhosis of the liver, carcinoma of the stomach, and other morbid con- ditions.These were rejected and so were cases of melaena only.The total number of cases of haematemesis from proved or probable peptic ulcer in the series was 105.To obtain a comparable series the peptic ulcer group has been taken and cases with melaena only were excluded.The scales are probably weighted against the present series, as 56% had radiological evidence of peptic ulcer, against 44%h in Cullinan and Price's series.The amount of surgery performed is not sufficient to affect the mnain issues of comparison.TABg-XII-.Proporti9n,o Fatal-,Cases to fach Age Group Cultinan and Price Present Series (1947) Age (1932) (flaematemesis o'nly) MalesMfales: x2 = 11-875.n = 1.P = <001 (highly significant).Females: x' = 1-0554.n = 1.P = 0 3 (not significant).
Abstract #LB-272: A novel dose-dependent regulation of matrix adhesion by Notch that controls outgrowth of hyperproliferative structures
Authors: Marco Mazzone, Laura Selfors, Darshan Pandya, Michael Overholtzer, Joan Brugge
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

A role for Notch signaling in human breast cancer has been suggested not only by the development of adeno-carcinomas in the mouse mammary gland following pathway activation but also by the accumulation of the constitutively active Notch intracellular domain (NICD) and/or the loss of Numb expression, a negative regulator of the Notch pathway, in a large proportion of human breast carcinomas. We have examined the effects of NICD and oncogenic mutant variants of full-length Notch in non-transformed MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells. NICD induces colony formation in soft agar and hyperproliferative acinar structures in reconstituted basement membrane gels, however only a small percentage of the NICD expressing cells display these activities. Interestingly, we found that a large percentage of NICD-expressing cells undergo a dramatic reduction in cell-matrix adhesion resulting from a suppression of expression of multiple matrix adhesion molecules. This leads to detachment of cells in monolayer culture and cell-in-cell invasion (entosis). The loss of matrix adhesion suppresses formation of acinar structures and soft agar colony formation through constitutive cell-in-cell invasion. Cells undergoing this phenomenon displayed higher levels of NICD activity than the hyperproliferative cells, and oncogenic full-length Notch variants, which express lower levels of NICD, form hyperproliferative structures much more efficiently and fail to lose matrix attachment. These results suggest that Notch induces a de-adhesion program at elevated doses which suppresses formation of hyperproliferative structures. This aspect of Notch activity may be relevant to tumorigenic transformation and could also represent a critical aspect of its function in normal development by allowed release of progenitor cells from their natural niches during differentiation.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr LB-272.
Hydroxyurea increases hemoglobin F levels and improves the effectiveness of erythropoiesis in beta-thalassemia/hemoglobin E disease
Authors: S Fucharoen, N Siritanaratkul, P Winichagoon, J Chowthaworn, W Siriboon, W Muangsup, S Chaicharoen, N Poolsup, B Chindavijak, P Pootrakul, A Piankijagum, AN Schechter, GP Rodgers
Journal: Blood (1996)
Abstract 17212: Effect of Enalapril on Long-Term Survival among Patients with Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: a 25-Year Near-Full Life-Cycle Follow-Up of SOLVD in Belgium
Authors: Sylvie A Ahn, Philip Jong, Hubert Pouleur, Michel F Rousseau
Journal: Circulation (2014)

BACKGROUND: We previously reported that in-trial enalapril therapy was associated with a post-trial mortality benefit in a 12-year follow-up of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). We reported here the effect of enalapril on long-term survival in a SOLVD cohort from Belgium that had reached a near-full life-cycle follow-up after 25 years. METHODS: Among the 558 Belgium patients originally enrolled in SOLVD (398 in prevention arm and 160 in treatment arm), post-trial mortality data were prospectively collected on all 433 survivors (218 in enalapril group vs. 215 in placebo group) at closeout. All patients received enalapril therapy after the trial ended. RESULTS: No patients were lost to follow-up. The median duration of follow-up was 25.3 years since randomization or 22.1 years since closeout. In all, 91% of patients had died. Kaplan-Meier event rate for all-cause mortality was lower in the enalapril group than the placebo group over the entire follow-up period (88% vs. 94%, p=0.02). When ...
Abstract 19642: A Novel DNA-damage Inducible Interaction between Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor γ and p53 Regulates Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cell Homeostasis
Authors: Jan K Hennigs, Caiyun G Li, Isabel Diebold, Marlene Rabinovitch
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Pulmonary arterial (PA) hypertension (PAH) is a life-threatening, vaso-proliferative disorder. Impaired expression and function of the bone morphogenetic protein receptor (BMPR) 2 - peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)γ axis is observed in PAH and associated with PA endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis and dysregulation, smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and neointima formation. Because of its different functions and gene targets in EC and SMC, we hypothesized that the cell specific properties of the BMPR2-PPARγ pathway depend on PPARγ interacting partners. Methods & Results: An affinity-purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) screen for novel PPARγ interacting proteins was performed. In addition to known partners (e.g., β-catenin, RXRα), AP-MS analysis of the PPARγ interactome revealed a previously unknown network highly enriched in DNA damage response proteins including p53. New interactions were confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. In healthy human PAEC, SMC and adventitial fibr...
Abstract 20048: Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of the Area at Risk Investigated using Computed Tomography and T1-weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Jesper van der Pals, Sophia Hammer-Hansen, Sonia Nielles-Vallespin, Peter Kellman, Joni Taylor, Shawn Kozlov, Li-Yueh Hsu, Marcus Y Chen, Andrew E Arai
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can measure the myocardial area at risk (AAR), but the technique has received criticism for inadequate validation. Also, CMR commonly depicts an AAR that is wider than the endocardial surface length of the infarct, which in turn would require a lateral perfusion gradient within the AAR. Our aim was to investigate the presence of a lateral perfusion gradient and to validate CMR for detection of the AAR against independent reference standards of high quality.   Methods:  Multiple time points of computed tomography (CT) perfusion imaging and myocardial microsphere blood flow analysis were used to investigate the lateral perfusion gradient in a canine model (n=10) of ischemia and reperfusion. AAR by T1-weighted 3-T CMR was compared to AAR by CT perfusion imaging, microsphere blood flow analysis and pathology.   Results:  The lateral portion of the AAR was found to be perfused to a higher degree than the core of the AAR when measured by CT perfusion imaging (40.7±11.8 vs 25.2±17.7 HU, lateral vs core, p=0.0008) and microsphere blood flow (0.11±0.04 vs 0.05±0.02 ml/g/min, lateral vs core, p=0.001). Measurements of the AAR by CMR correlated well with CT perfusion (R2=0.80), microsphere blood flow (R2=0.80) and pathology (R2=0.74) and had good limits of agreement (-0.79±4.02 % of the left ventricular mass (LVM) versus CT; -1.49±4.04 %LVM versus microspheres and -1.01±4.18 %LVM versus pathology).   Conclusions:  A lateral perfusion gradient exists within the AAR. T1-weighted CMR accurately quantifies size of the AAR with excellent agreement compared to independent reference standards of high quality.
Abstract #5675: Increased cell survival and drug resistance due to SPARC-mediated activation of a FAK/ILK-PI3K/Akt signaling axis in malignant melanoma
Authors: Gabriela Martinez, Mizuho Fukunaga-Kalabis, Meenhard Herlyn
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

Melanoma is one of the fastest growing cancers in the United States and is extremely prevalent in adolescents and young adults. Approximately 62,000 new cases of invasive melanoma will be diagnosed this year, with nearly 8,500 resulting in death. The progression of melanoma depends on its interaction with the surrounding tumor microenvironment, which is composed of fibroblasts, endothelial cells, inflammatory or immune cells, soluble factors, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Within the ECM is the secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), an extracellular glycoprotein that regulates cell-matrix interactions involved in a variety of diverse biological processes, including morphogenesis, cell-adhesion, proliferation, migration, and invasion. SPARC is highly-expressed in many advanced cancers, including melanoma, suggesting that it may contribute to a malignant phenotype; however, little is known about the function of SPARC in tumor growth, survival, and metastasis. To determine the significance of SPARC in human melanoma, SPARC was targeted using a lentiviral-expressed short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to inhibit expression in melanoma cells. SPARC-deficient cells exhibited decreased cell survival, as well as impaired invasive capacity. Flow cytometric measurement of apoptotic activity showed an increase in apoptosis in SPARC-knockdown cells as compared to control cells under serum-starved conditions. SPARC-knockdown cells not only demonstrated heightened levels of apoptosis, but also exhibited increased sensitivity to the chemotheraputic agent doxorubicin, as detected by MTT analysis, as well as reduced invasive capacity in a 3D skin reconstruction model. Western blotting analyses indicated that downregulation of SPARC resulted in decreased activation of two cytoplasmic kinases; focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and integrin-linked kinase (ILK). Because FAK and/or ILK activity have been correlated to activation of the PI3K effector, Akt, in cancer cells, Akt phosphorylation was also assayed. Indeed, phosphorylation of Akt was significantly diminished in SPARC-knockdown cells when compared to vector controls. Our results demonstrate that SPARC expression influences Akt signaling, likely through activation of FAK and/or ILK; downregulation of SPARC results in a significant reversal of the malignant phenotype, as evidenced by a reduction in the survival, drug resistance, and invasion of melanoma cells. Collectively, the data suggest that SPARC modulates the activation of pathways essential for the malignant phenotype and, therefore, may represent a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of malignant melanoma.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5675.
Fertility and fragrance: another cause of Kallmann syndrome
Authors: Shlomo Melmed
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Kallmann syndrome is an inherited deficiency of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) that is characterized by hypogonadism with delayed or absent puberty and dysfunctional olfaction. While Kallmann syndrome-associated mutations have been identified in some sets of patients, for many of these individuals, the underlying cause remains unknown. In this issue of the JCI, Cariboni and colleagues identify mutations in semaphorin 3E (SEMA3E) in two brothers with Kallmann syndrome. In animal models, loss of SEMA3E signaling recapitulated phenotypes of the probands and resulted in enhanced GnRH neuron death during development. The results of this study offer important insight into the development of Kallmann syndrome and provide tools for elucidating mutations that underlie complex hormonal phenotypes.
Abstract 268: The Attitudes Toward the Performance of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Japan in 2010
Authors: Takumi Taniguchi, Masaki Okajima, Takashi Fujita
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objective:  The importance of bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) has been getting understanding and the training courses of CPR have been increasing in Japan. Our previous study in 2006 showed that most laypeople and health care providers are unlikely to perform chest compression (CC) plus mouth-to-mouth ventilation (MMV), but are more likely to perform CC only, as also found in 1998. The present study was identified Japanese attitudes toward the performance of bystander CPR in 2010.   Methods:  Participants were asked about their willingness to perform CPR with varying 5 scenarios (performing CPR on a stranger, a trauma patient, a child, an elderly person, and a relative) and CPR techniques (MMV plus CC versus CC). These data were compared with those in 1998 and 2006.   Results:  A total of 2785 individuals (male 45 %) completed the questionnaire, including high school students, teachers, medical nurses, and medical students. About 71 % of them had experienced the CPR training more than once. On a stranger, about 16 % of high school students, 28 % of teachers, 18 % of medical nurses and 22 % of medical students claimed they would ‘definitely’ person MMV plus CC. However, 59–95 % claimed they prefer the alternative of performing CC alone. On a trauma patient, about 18 % of high school students, 23 % of teachers, 13 % of medical nurses and 11 % of medical students claimed they would ‘definitely’ person MMV plus CC. However, 57–91 % claimed they prefer the alternative of performing CC alone. In both scenarios, respondents claimed their unwillingness to perform MMV is not due to the fear of contracting a communicable disease, but the lack of confidence in their ability to perform CPR properly, that was same as in 1998 and 2006.   Conclusion:  These findings suggest that better training MMV together with teaching awareness that CC alone can be given may be instituted to maximize the number of potential providers of CPR in the community.
Comparison of Rosiglitazone and Metformin for Treating HIV Lipodystrophy
Authors: Jeroen P.H. van Wijk, Eelco J.P. de Koning, Manuel Castro Cabezas, Jos op't Roodt, Jorge Joven, Ton J. Rabelink, Andy I. Hoepelman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Background: The use of antiretroviral combination therapy in HIV has been associated with lipodystrophy and cardiovascular risk factors. Objective: To compare the effects of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ agonist rosiglitazone and metformin for treating HIV lipodystrophy. Design: An open, randomized, 6-month clinical trial. Setting: University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands. Patients: 39 HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy. Intervention: Rosiglitazone, 8 mg/d, or metformin, 2 g/d. Measurements: Insulin sensitivity estimated by the oral glucose tolerance test, subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat measured by single-slice computed tomography, endothelial function measured by flow-mediated vasodilation, and fasting plasma measurements. Two patients in the metformin group withdrew from the study. Complete case analysis was performed. Results: Compared with metformin, rosiglitazone increased subcutaneous abdominal fat (between-treatment change from baseline, 27 cm2 [95% CI, 7 cm2 to 46 cm2]) and visceral abdominal fat (between-treatment change from baseline, 24 cm2 [CI, 6 cm2 to 51 cm2]). The area under the curve for insulin after the oral glucose tolerance test decreased similarly with both agents, but only rosiglitazone increased adiponectin levels. Metformin showed greater benefits on fasting lipid profile than rosiglitazone. Flow-mediated vasodilation statistically significantly increased with metformin (mean change, 1.5% [CI, 0.4% to 3.3%]) and not with rosiglitazone (mean change, 0.7% [CI, −1.1% to 2.7%]). The metformin versus rosiglitazone increases did not statistically differ. Rosiglitazone and metformin did not change C-reactive protein levels. Limitations: This small trial was not blinded or placebo-controlled and did not measure clinical outcomes. Conclusions: The findings emphasize the importance of individualized care in HIV-infected patients. Although rosiglitazone may partly correct lipoatrophy, metformin improves visceral fat accumulation, fasting lipid profile, and endothelial function.
A View of Delft After the Explosion of 1654
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal