tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4683: Coexistence incidence and clinicopathologic characteristics of gastrointestinal stromal tumors with gastrointestinal carcinoma
Authors: Li Wen, Xu-gong Ren, Yan-li Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objective Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common mesenchymal tumors of the digestive tract. The coexistence with other gastrointestinal carcinoma is unique. The aim of this study was to investigate the coexistence of GIST with other primary gastrointestinal carcinoma and its clinicalpathologic features. Methods 113 patients had been diagnosed as GIST in three local hospitals from 2002 to 2008. The surgical specimens were analyzed with an immunohistochemical panel that included staining for CD117, CD34, SMA and Ki-67. Results 16.8 % of (19 of 113) patients with GIST were co-diagnosed as gastrointestinal carcinoma. The average age at diagnosis was 57 years (range, 43 to 66), two years older than that of the patients only with GIST (range, 43 to 71). The patients with the coexistence of GIST and gastrointestinal carcinoma included 11 males and 8 females. The male-to -female ratio was 1.38:1, which is higher than that of the patients of GIST without the carcinoma (1.24:1). 26.3% GIST with the carcinoma was found in the esophagus (5 of 19) and 73.7% in the stomach (14 of 19) and non in the intestine. In contrast, only 5.3% GIST without the carcinoma was found in the esophagus (5 of 94) which was less incidence in the esophagus than that of coexistence of GIST and the carcinoma (P &amp;lt; 0.05), 84.0% in the stomach and 10.6% in the intestine, which higher incidence in the intestine than that of coexistence of GIST and the carcinamo (P &amp;lt; 0.05). The mean diameter of 19 GISTs with the carcinoma was 1.91 cm (range, 0.6 to 3.8 cm) smaller than that of 94 GISTs without the carcinoma (5.42 ± 6.17 cm, p &amp;lt; 0.05). 15.8% of the patients with coexistences of GIST and the carcinoma showed lower dysplasia, whereas 41.5 % of GIST patients without the carcinoma had the dysplasia and 33.0 % was malignant (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The average mitotic count in GIST with the carcinoma was 0.74/high-power field (HPF) (range, 0-4/HPF), and much less than that (3.78/HPF) of GIST without the carcinoma (range, 0 to 53/HPF, P &amp;lt; 0.05). The average proliferative index (positive number of Ki-67/HPF) of GIST with the carcinoma was 7.16/HPF (range 0 to 22) and less than that (19) of GIST without the carcinoma (range, 0 to 107). Conclusion 16.8% of GIST was co-diagnosed with gastrointestinal carcinoma. More coexistence of GIST and the carcinoma occurred in the esophagus. The GIST with the carcinoma was less proliferative and aggressive than the GIST without the Carcinoma. [Key words] gastrointestinal stromal tumor; pathology; carcinoma Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4683.
Correlation of Temperature and Pathophysiological Effect During Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of the AV Junction
Authors: Sunil Nath, John P. DiMarco, J. Paul Mounsey, John H. Lobban, David E. Haines
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Accelerated junctional rhythms have been observed before the development of AV nodal block during radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of the AV junction. However, the time course and temperatures required to induce an accelerated junctional rhythm and AV nodal block during this procedure have not yet been characterized. Methods and Results Nineteen patients underwent RF ablation of the AV junction with a thermistor ablation catheter. RF energy was initially delivered at 10 W for 9 seconds and then increased by 5-W increments for 9 seconds at each power level up to a maximum power of 50 W. If a junctional rhythm was observed during the power titration, a 30- to 60-second RF application was then delivered at the same power level. The power was then further increased to a maximum of 50 W if AV nodal block was not observed after 20 seconds of RF delivery. The procedure was successful in all 19 patients. A median of one RF application (range, one to eight applications) was required to produce permanent AV nodal block. An accelerated junctional rhythm was observed during 89% of successful attempts versus 70% of unsuccessful deliveries ( P =NS). The median time to onset of the junctional rhythm was significantly shorter during successful compared with unsuccessful applications (1.8 versus 7.7 seconds, respectively; P &lt;.001). Similarly, the mean time to appearance of AV nodal block was significantly shorter during successful compared with unsuccessful attempts (19.6±9.4 versus 36.8±19.0 seconds, respectively; P &lt;.01). The catheter tip temperatures associated with the development of an accelerated junctional rhythm were significantly lower than those associated with the appearance of AV nodal block (51±4°C versus 58±6°C, respectively; P &lt;.001). Mean temperatures in the range of 60±7°C were required to produce permanent AV nodal block. Conclusions The development of an accelerated junctional rhythm within 5 seconds and the appearance of AV nodal block within 30 seconds of RF onset were both highly characteristic of successful target sites during RF ablation of the AV junction. The accelerated junctional rhythm and AV nodal block were both highly temperature dependent. The temperatures associated with the onset of AV nodal block were significantly higher than the temperatures resulting in an accelerated junctional rhythm.
Childhood obesity is linked to weight gain during pregnancy, US study finds
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The likelihood of a child becoming obese is linked to the amount of weight that the mother gained during pregnancy, a study has concluded.

The researchers, from Boston Children’s Hospital, Arkansas Center for Health Improvement, and Princeton University, wanted to find out whether childhood obesity was due just to conditions during pregnancy (that influence birth weight) or whether other factors shared by mother and child (such as diet and genes) had a role.

They combined two large databases of …
THE RESISTANCE OF SPIROCHETES TO THE ACTION OF HEXAMETHYLENETETRAMINE DERIVATIVES AND MERCURIAL AND ARSENIC COMPOUNDS
Authors: Seinai Akatsu
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

The majority of the 76 new compounds possessed spirocheticidal powers ranging between 1: 1,000 (30) to 1:2,500 (14), while only 2 attained the power of 1:5,000, 1 of 1: 25,000, and 2 of 1: 50,000. On the other hand, 8 killed the spirochetes in a dilution of 1: 750, 10 in 1:500, 7 in 1:250. 1 in 1: 100, and 1 in 1:50. It may be mentioned that the 2 (M1, M4) of 1:50,000 and 1 (M7) of 1:25,000 belong to the mercury compounds, and that mercuric chloride kills the organisms in a dilution of 1: 100,000 under the same experimental conditions. It is also interesting to compare some of the more common chemicals and therapeutic reagents. Phenol is spirocheticidal in a dilution of 1: 2,500, lysol in 1: 5,000, formalin in 1: 750, salvarsan in 1: 7,500, and neosalvarsan in 1: 2,500. Thus, of the new compounds there are at least 14 which have the same spirocheticidal power in vitro as has neosalvarsan. It is of interest to note that nine compounds possessing the 1:1,000 spirocheticidal power showed only one-tenth of the antiseptic action when tested upon Bacillus dysenteriæ and Streptococcus, while some showed an even greater difference in this respect. Nos. 16, 21, 29, 218, and 244 were effective in a dilution of 1:2,500 for spirochetes and in a 1:100 or lower dilution for the bacteria just referred to. Preparations 46 and 84 appear to exert about the same effect both on the spirochetes and the bacteria, neither being very strong. Atoxyl killed the spirochetes in a 1:50 dilution. One of the most striking results was obtained with various hemolytic substances. Neufeld and von Prowazek found that spirochetes, unlike bacteria in general, are highly susceptible to the lytic action of sodium taurocholate and saponin, and they considered that this phenomenon was of differential diagnostic value in determining plant and animal organisms. Their observations were confirmed by Gonder, who found, however, that spirochetes, especially treponemata, offer a great deal of resistance at the beginning, but finally undergo lysis, with their cell bodies swollen up or macerated. In the present experiment we have found that these substances not only bring about cytolysis of the spirochetes in higher concentrations, but also kill them without causing a gross destruction of the cells in very high dilutions; thus, sodium cholate in 1: 5,000, sodium glycocholate and taurocholate in 1: 2,500 each, saponin in 1:7,500. Sodium oleate, one of the most powerful hemolytic agents killed the spirochetes in 1: 7,000, and cobra lecithide and native cobra venom in a dilution of 1:1,000 each. Neither sodium nor potassium iodide displayed any marked spirocheticidal property (1: 10 only), while iodine in the form of Lugol's solution was able to kill them at 1:75.
Surgeons Offer 'New Lease' After Domestic Abuse
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

IT'S BEEN about 2 years since Lori E. Hansen, MD, left board members of the American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery speechless. She told the board about pro bono work she was doing in her private surgical practice in Oklahoma City, Okla, and wondered if they would encourage other facial plastic surgeons to get involved. As they listened to Hansen describe her work repairing and removing the physical scars inflicted during episodes of domestic violence, "they were just silent; no one said anything," Hansen recalls. Following her presentation, Hansen says she received "overwhelming support" from the board. Last year, the academy became the first surgical group to offer reconstructive surgery at no cost for domestic violence survivors. Members' efforts match expertise with need. Academy President Wayne Larrabee, Jr, MD, says an estimated 75% of women who have been battered receive injuries to the face and head. The program,
Serum -glutamyl transpeptidase activity in liver disease
Authors: J. B. Whitfield, R. E. Pounder, G. Neale, D. W. Moss
Journal: Gut (1972)

Serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activity correlates closely with the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and 5'-nucleotidase (5NT) in various forms of liver disease. Maximum elevations of all three enzyme activities are observed in diseases which particularly affect the biliary tract. Compared with the other two enzymes GGT is generally increased to a greater extent and is thus the most sensitive indicator of biliary-tract disease, while estimations of serum GGT are more reproducible than those of 5NT. However, a group of patients who had been treated with phenytoin and barbiturates were found to have elevated serum GGT activities without any other evidence of liver disease. The apparent effect of certain drugs on serum GGT activity indicates the need for caution in interpreting the results of this test.
The Best Medicine: How to Choose the Top Doctors, the Top Hospitals and the Top Treatments
Authors: George Ross Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Control of the medical system in America rests with physicians, because patients ordinarily go first to their primary care physician for direction to other components of the system. So long as physicians are free to choose what they think best for the patient, hospitals, pharmacies, laboratories, durable equipment manufacturers, and other medical vendors must treat physicians very gingerly. This book offers advice to patients about the selection of medical care. Anything that affects the choice of physician has considerable potential effect on contenders for the other 90% of medical revenue. It is not likely to be an overstatement that all other components of the medical industry have secret dreams of either freeing themselves from the need to be designated by any physician at all or, alternatively, narrowing the access of the public to particular physicians who can be counted on as captives of a specific referral configuration. In this book,
Detection of Helicobacter pylori DNA by PCR in gastrointestinal equipment
Authors: Robert Roosendaal, ErnstJ. Kuipers, AdriaanJ.C. Van Den Brule, A.Salvador Peña, StefanG.M. Meuwissen, JanM.M. Walboomers, Johannes De Graaff
Journal: The Lancet (1993)
Myeloid heme oxygenase–1 regulates innate immunity and autoimmunity by modulating IFN-β production
Authors: Sotiria Tzima, Panayiotis Victoratos, Ksanthi Kranidioti, Maria Alexiou, George Kollias
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2009)

Heme oxygenase–1 (HO-1) is a key cytoprotective, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory molecule. The pathophysiological functions of HO-1 have been associated with its enzymatic activities in heme catabolism. We have examined the immune functions of HO-1 by its conditional ablation in myeloid cells (HO-1M-KO mice). We demonstrate that myeloid HO-1 is required for the activation of interferon (IFN) regulatory factor (IRF) 3 after Toll-like receptor 3 or 4 stimulation, or viral infection. HO-1–deficient macrophages show reduced expression of IFN-β and of primary IRF3 target genes encoding RANTES, IP-10 and MCP-1. In the presence of polyI:C, myeloid HO-1 knockout mice infected with Listeria monocytogenes, a model dependent on IFN-β production, showed enhanced bacterial clearance and survival, whereas control mice succumbed to infection. Moreover, after induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, mice with myeloid-specific HO-1 deficiency developed a higher incidence and an exacerbated, nonremitting clinical disease correlating with persistent activation of antigen-presenting cells, enhanced infiltration of Th17 cells, and a nonregressing myelin-specific T cell reactivity. Notably, these defects were rectified by exogenous administration of IFN-β, confirming that HO-1 functions directly upstream of this critical immune pathway. These results uncover a novel direct function for myeloid HO-1 in the regulation of IFN-β production, establishing HO-1 as a critical early mediator of the innate immune response.
Blood Lipids and Human Atherosclerosis
Authors: DEAN M. GRAHAM, THOMAS P. LYON, JOHN W. GOFMAN, HARDIN B. JONES, ALEXANDER YANKLEY, JOHN SIMONTON, SIDNEY WHITE
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Heparin administered to humans and rabbits causes profound reorientation in the distribution of low density lipoproteins, characterized by a shift of lipoproteins of high S f rates to those of successively lower S f rates. The observations appear to indicate that this agent has actually caused a transformation of the former group into the latter. Heparin administered to the rabbit prevents the usual buildup of high concentration of the S f 10-50 lipoproteins during cholesterol feeding and retards the development of atherosclerosis. In man, accompanying the redistribution of lipoproteins, there was observed a marked reduction in angina pectoris in 55 of 59 patients studied who presented this symptom. The relation between the heparin effect upon lipoproteins and its effect upon angina cannot be assessed at present.
Having a concept “see” does not imply attribution of knowledge: Some general considerations in measuring “theories of mind”
Authors: David A. Leavens
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

That organisms have a concept “see” does not necessarily entail that they attribute knowledge to others or predict others' behaviors on the basis of inferred mental states. An alternative experimental protocol is proposed in which accurate prediction of the location of an experimenters' impending appearance is contingent upon subjects' attribution of knowledge to the experimenter.
Inpatient admissions of patients living with HIV in two European centres (UK and Italy); comparisons and contrasts
Authors: Giovanni Cenderello, Victoria Tittle, Ambra Pasa, Chiara Dentone, Stefania Artioli, Maurizio Setti, Mauro Giacomini, Paolo Fraccaro, Claudio Viscoli, Giovanni Cassola, Antonio Di Biagio, Alison Barbour, Mark Nelson
Journal: Journal of Infection (2015)
Down's syndrome and maternal age in British Columbia, 1972--75.
Authors: A J Griffiths, R B Lowry, D H Renwick
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The occurrence of Down's syndrome in British Columbia during the period 1972-75 is analyzed with respect to maternal age distribution. This period is compared with previously studied periods. No marked trends are evident in the various age group-specific rates studied. The significance of these findings is discussed in connection with a possible role of environmental nutagens in induction of Down's syndrome and the maternal age effect.
Growth-related expression of the ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase PC-1 in rat liver
Authors: Cristiana Stefan, Willy Stalmans, Mathieu Bollen
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Plasma cell differentiation antigen–1 (PC–1) is a 5′–ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase that has been implicated in various processes including insulin– and nucleotide–mediated signaling and cell growth. We show here that the expression of both PC–1 mRNA and protein in rat liver and in hepatoma cells is strictly growth–related. Thus, the level of PC–1 in FAO hepatoma cells increased with the cell density. PC–1 was not expressed in the neonatal rat liver, but gradually appeared in the first weeks of age, to reach adult levels around the weaning period. Furthermore, PC–1 protein and mRNA largely disappeared from the liver within 24 hours following a hepatectomy of 70%, but re–appeared in the later phases (3–15 days) of the ensuing regeneration period. An equally rapid loss of PC–1 protein and mRNA could also be provoked in normal livers by the administration of the translational inhibitor, cycloheximide, but the transcriptional inhibitors, actinomycin D and α–amanitin, did not show these effects. Nuclear run–on assays revealed that the loss of PC–1 mRNA after hepatectomy or after the administration of cycloheximide was not caused by a decreased transcription of the PC–1 gene, suggesting that the level of PC–1 is controlled by an mRNA–stabilizing protein that is lost after hepatectomy and has a high turnover.
The Clinical Pharmacology of Lidocaine as an Antiarrhythymic Drug
Authors: KEN A. COLLINSWORTH, SUMNER M. KALMAN, DONALD C. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation (1974)

This article reviews current knowledge about lidocaine, with reference to its chemistry, metabolism, electrophysiology, hemodynamic effects, antiarrhythmic uses, pharmacokinetics, and side effects. The critical importance of blood levels and their relation to lidocaine's antiarrhythmic and toxic effects is noted, with special emphasis given to patients with compromised clearance due to heart failure. On the basis of this information, we present our current approach to the clinical use of lidocaine in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias, with particular reference to patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Recent advances toward the inhibition of mAG and LAM synthesis in <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>
Authors: Francis E. Umesiri, Aditya K. Sanki, Julie Boucau, Donald R. Ronning, Steven J. Sucheck
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2010)

Abstract Drug‐resistant forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M . tuberculosis ) are increasing worldwide, underscoring the need to develop new drugs to treat the disease. One of the factors that make tuberculosis difficult to treat is the unique architecture of the mycobacterial cell wall. In this review, we catalogue the enzymes involved in the synthesis of the mycolylarabinogalactan (mAG), a key structural component of the mycobacterial cell wall. In addition, we review the enzymes required for the synthesis of the related lipoarabinomannan (LAM), a structure that possesses immunomodulatory properties. The integrity of the mAG and LAM is critical to the viability of mycobacteria, and many of the established antimycobacterial agents target enzymes critical to the synthesis of the mAG and LAM. Recently, new enzymes catalyzing synthetic steps in the synthesis of the mAG and LAM have been characterized and their substrate specificity determined. In this report, we review recent efforts to characterize the enzymes involved in mAG and LAM synthesis and describe the compounds used to inhibit the enzymes or characterize their catalytic activity. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 2, 290–326, 2010
Nitrate Therapy and Nitrate Tolerance. Current Concepts and Controversies.
Authors: R Forstek
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article Nitrate Therapy and Nitrate Tolerance. Current Concepts and Controversies. Get access R Forstek R Forstek Milan, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 10, October 1994, Page 1594, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.10.1594a Published: 01 October 1994
Glycemic Control and Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Christiane Drechsler, Vera Krane, Eberhard Ritz, Winfried März, Christoph Wanner
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— Patients on maintenance dialysis treatment experience an excess mortality, predominantly of sudden cardiac death. Poor glycemic control is associated with cardiovascular comorbidities in the general population. This study investigated the impact of glycemic control on cardiac and vascular outcomes in diabetic hemodialysis patients. Methods and Results— Glycohemoglobin A1c (HbA 1c ) was measured in 1255 hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who participated in the German Diabetes and Dialysis Study (4D Study) and were followed up for a median of 4 years. Using Cox regression analyses, we determined hazard ratios to reach prespecified, adjudicated end points according to HbA 1c levels at baseline: sudden cardiac death (n=160), myocardial infarction (n=200), stroke (n=103), cardiovascular events (n=469), death caused by heart failure (n=41), and all-cause mortality (n=617). Patients had a mean age of 66±8 years (54% male) and mean HbA 1c of 6.7±1.3%. Patients with an HbA 1c &gt;8% had a &gt;2-fold higher risk of sudden death compared with those with an HbA 1c ≤6% (hazard ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.33 to 3.44), persisting in multivariate models. With each 1% increase in HbA 1c , the risk of sudden death rose significantly by 18%; similarly, cardiovascular events and mortality increased by 8%. There was a trend for higher risks of stroke and deaths resulting from heart failure, whereas myocardial infarction was not affected. The increased risks of both cardiovascular events and mortality were explained mainly by the impact of HbA 1c on sudden death. Conclusions— Poor glycemic control was strongly associated with sudden cardiac death in diabetic hemodialysis patients, which accounted for increased cardiovascular events and mortality. In contrast, myocardial infarction was not affected. Whether interventions achieving tight glycemic control decrease sudden death requires further evaluation. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicalstudyresults.org. Unique identifier: CT-981–423–239.
TCT-243 Impact of Pioglitazone on Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus after Drug-eluting Stent Implantation: Evidence from 3-Year Follow-up Results of the J-DESsERT Trial
Authors: Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Masato Nakamura, Toshiya Muramatsu, Yutaka Matsuyama, Hisayuki Okada, Masahiko Ochiai, Satoru Suwa, Shinsuke Nanto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)