tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Myoglobin in Myocardial Infarction
Authors: LAWRENCE J. KAGEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1978Myoglobin in Myocardial InfarctionLAWRENCE J. KAGEN, M.D., STEPHEN SCHEIDT, M.D.LAWRENCE J. KAGEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STEPHEN SCHEIDT, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-5-716_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: With regard to the article by Dr. Roberts in the December issue (Ann Intern Med 87:788-789, 1977) on the comparative values of MB-creatine kinase and myoglobin in patients with myocardial infarction, it might be worthwhile pointing out some areas where assessment of myoglobin can be of particular help or interest to the physician.1. There are occasions when patients who are early in the course of myocardial infarction may have increased levels of serum myoglobin with normal total creatine kinase values. In our study (1), five of 13 patients had this presentation. Further, the small size of...References1. KAGENSCHEIDTBUTT LSA: Serum myoglobin in myocardial infarction: the "staccato phenomenon." Is acute myocardial infarction in man an intermittent event? Am J Med 62:86-92, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. KAGENSCHEIDTROBERTSPORTERPAUL LSLAH: Myoglobinemia following acute myocardial infarction. Am J Med 58:177-182, 1975 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hospital for Special Surgery New York, NY 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMyoglobin for Detection of High-Risk Patients with Acute MyocarditisClinical Presentation and Laboratory Findings in Men Versus Women with MyocarditisMyoglobin and creatine kinase rates of release during acute myocardial infarction 1 May 1978Volume 88, Issue 5Page: 716-716KeywordsCreatine kinaseMyocardial infarction Issue Published: 1 May 1978 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Direct Inhibition of Expressed Cardiac L- and T-Type Calcium Channels by IgG From Mothers Whose Children Have Congenital Heart Block
Authors: Guang-Qian Xiao, Keli Hu, Mohamed Boutjdir
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Congenital heart block (CHB) is a disease that affects the offspring of mothers with autoimmune diseases. We recently reported that maternal sera containing antibodies against SSA/Ro and SSB/La ribonucleoproteins (positive IgG) inhibited L-type Ca current in isolated cardiac myocytes and induced sinus bradycardia in a murine model of CHB. The direct interaction of positive IgG with L-type Ca channel proteins and the possible inhibition of T-type Ca current that could account for the sinus bradycardia remain unknown. Methods and Results —The 2-electrode voltage-clamp technique was used to record currents via L-type ( I Ba -α 1C or I Ba -α 1C +β 2a +α 2 /δ) and T-type ( I Ba -α 1H ) Ca channels, Na channels ( I Na -hH1), and K channels ( I Ks -minK+KvLQT1) expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Positive IgG (350 μg/mL) inhibited I Ba -α 1C by 50.6±4.7% ( P &lt;0.01) and I Ba -α 1C +β 2a +α 2 /δ by 50.9±4.2% ( P &lt;0.01); I Ba -α 1H was reduced by 18.9±1.0% ( P &lt;0.01). Immunoblot data show cross-reactivity of positive IgG with α 1C subunit. Pretreatment of oocytes with atropine (1 μmol/L) or acetylcholine (10 μmol/L) did not affect the inhibitory effect of IgG on I Ba -α 1C and I Ba -α 1C +β 2a +α 2 /δ ( P &lt;0.05). Positive IgG had no effect, however, on either I Na -hH1 or I Ks -minK+KvLQT1. Conclusions —Positive IgG inhibited expressed L-type I Ba and cross-reacted with the α 1C subunit in Xenopus oocytes, providing strong evidence that maternal antibodies interact directly with the pore-forming α 1 -subunit of Ca channels. In addition, we show for the first time that positive IgG also inhibited T-type I Ba but not I Na -hH1 or I Ks -minK+KvLQT1. This could provide, in part, the ionic basis of sinus bradycardia reported in animal models of CHB and clinically in humans.
Studies on the mechanism of clinical tolerance in solar urticaria
Authors: T.M. KEAHEY, R.M. LAVKER, KAYSH. KAIDBEY, P.C. ATKINS, B. ZWEIMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Tolerance to artificial ultraviolet radiation (UVR) was induced in three patients with solar urticaria by administering graded whole body exposures to long-wave ultraviolet radiation (UV-A, 320–400 nm) in a phototherapy cabinet. Plasma histamine levels, mast cell ultrastructure and cutaneous responses to intradermally injected codeine and histamine were examined before and after the induction of tolerance. No evidence of serum complement activation could be demonstrated following exposure of serum samples to UVR in vitro. These studies suggest that the state of tolerance is due neither to mediator (histamine) depletion nor to a systemic effect induced by UV-A but may be due to an increase in the mast cell degranulation threshold.
Disparate effects of interferon-gamma and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on early neutrophil respiratory burst and fungicidal responses to Candida albicans hyphae in vitro.
Authors: R D Diamond, C A Lyman, D R Wysong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

We examined effects of priming with recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) on neutrophil responses to Candida albicans hyphae. Both cytokines increased early superoxide generation after hyphal stimulation. The more pronounced effects of TNF were accompanied by an augmented surface membrane depolarization rate and were insensitive to both pertussis toxin and calcium ion chelation, but were negated by concomitant incubation with puromycin or cycloheximide during priming. IFN augmented hyphal killing despite its only minor enhancement of early respiratory burst responses, but TNF reduced neutrophil fungicidal activity to nearly 40% below those by unprimed control cells even though it enhanced early superoxide responses more dramatically. Though TNF-primed neutrophils killed hyphae at normal initial rates, IFN-primed or even unprimed cells manifested more fungicidal sustained activity. These disparate consequences of cytokine priming on hyphal destruction were paralleled by differences in late generation of potentially candidacidal oxidants, hydrogen peroxide, and hypochlorous acid. IFN added during priming failed to correct TNF-associated functional defects in neutrophil anti-Candida responses. Thus, augmentation of early respiratory burst responses to oxidant-sensitive organisms need not necessarily reflect concomitant salutary effects on microbicidal activity.
Physicians turn to association libraries
Authors: J. W. Zylke
Journal: JAMA (1988)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Doctors must speak out about adverse effects on health of austerity and extremism, conference hears
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Doctors must speak out when violence or political or religious extremism threatens people’s health, an international symposium has heard. Michael Marmot, president elect of the World Medical Association, said, “We have not just a right but a duty to make our voices heard.”

Marmot was opening a two day meeting in London on 24 March on the role of doctors and national medical associations in tackling the social determinants of ill health and increasing health equity. He was asked how doctors should respond over the divisive effects of austerity in western Europe and issues related to human rights and war in other countries.

Marmot said, “Health is an …
Prevalence of Sleep-disordered Breathing in Middle-aged Korean Men and Women
Authors: JinKwan Kim, KwangHo In, JeHyeong Kim, SeHwa You, KyungHo Kang, JaeJeong Shim, SangYeub Lee, JungBok Lee, SeungGwan Lee, Chan Park, Chol Shin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

With many epidemiologic studies made to establish the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in Western countries, no such data have been reported in Korea. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of SDB and OSAS, and their related factors in Korean adults aged 40–69 years. Among the total of 5,020 participants at the baseline examination of the Korean Health and Genome Study, a random sample of 457 men and women was studied with employment of overnight full polysomnography to determine the prevalence of SDB and OSAS. The prevalence of SDB (apnea–hypopnea index ⩾ 5) was 27% and 16% in men and women, respectively. When OSAS was defined by an apnea–hypopnea index ⩾ 5 plus excessive daytime sleepiness, its prevalence was 4.5% in men and 3.2% in women. Logistic regression analyses showed that sex, body mass index, and hypertension were closely associated with the risk of SDB. Our findings show that SDB is a common problem in the Korean adult population. Understanding and treatment of SDB may be essential in terms of intervention to reduce the risk of related medical problems.
Liver disease as a major cause of death among HIV infected patients: role of hepatitis C and B viruses and alcohol
Authors: Dominique Salmon-Ceron, Charlotte Lewden, Philippe Morlat, Sibylle Bévilacqua, Eric Jougla, Fabrice Bonnet, Laurence Héripret, Dominique Costagliola, Thierry May, Geneviève Chêne
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
The monoethylglycinexylidide test does not correctly evaluate lidocaine metabolism after ischemic liver injury in the rat
Authors: I Leclercq, A Saliez, P E Wallemacq, Y Horsmans, L Lambotte
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Although the monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) test defined as a single determination of MEGX plasma concentration after lidocaine injection has been proposed as a liver function test, some discrepancies appeared in assessing the quality of liver donor for transplantation as well as the severity of liver disease. The present study used a severe ischemia- reperfusion liver injury (IRI) in rat to evaluate the various factors able to influence the level of MEGX. The metabolism of lidocaine was studied on microsomes isolated from intact rats and from rats submitted to this liver injury. A significant reduction of the various pathways transforming lidocaine but also MEGX was demonstrated. Lidocaine inhibited the MEGX transformation both in intact and injured liver microsomes. In vivo, plasma MEGX concentrations, determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), were lower in IRI than in controls up to 80 minutes after lidocaine injection but not later. By contrast, using the usual commercial fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), MEGX concentrations were paradoxically higher in IRI than in controls. Moreover, MEGX values obtained using FPIA were threefold higher in controls and ninefold higher in IRI than with HPLC. It was shown that these differences were related to the detection by FPIA of free and mainly of conjugated hydroxy-MEGX that accumulated in plasma from rats submitted to an IRI. These data emphasize the complexity of factors influencing the appearance and disappearance of MEGX because of delayed MEGX formation with liver injury but also to inhibition of its further metabolization. The choice of the sampling time for MEGX determination is critical and has to be optimized in every type of liver injury. Moreover, a specific technique, such as HPLC, will avoid cross-reactivity with other metabolites, which may be particularly abundant when the biliary excretion is impaired.
Risk to Patients From Radiation Associated With Radiofrequency Ablation for Supraventricular Tachycardia
Authors: Pramesh Kovoor, Michelle Ricciardello, Lee Collins, John B. Uther, David L. Ross
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Radiofrequency ablation may be associated with prolonged fluoroscopy times. Previous studies have calculated radiation risks by measuring the radiation dose at a limited number (6) of body sites. This is an inherently inaccurate measure. Our study aimed to quantify more precisely patient-related radiation risks associated with radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachycardia.Nine female patients having radiofrequency ablation for supraventricular tachycardia were studied. The radiation dose was determined at 41 body sites in each patient with the use of thermoluminescent dosimeters and was correlated with that measured simultaneously with a Diamentor dose-area product meter. The estimated mean organ doses (mGy) per 60 minutes of fluoroscopy were: lungs 30.8; bone marrow 4.3; left breast 5.1; right breast 3. 5; and thyroid 2.4. From the average organ doses, the estimated mean total lifetime excess risk of a fatal malignancy was 294 per million cases (0.03%) per 60 minutes of fluoroscopy. The risk calculation from the Diamentor dose-area product and thermoluminescent dosimeters were similar, suggesting that radiation dose was measured accurately. The estimated risk of radiation-induced malignancy increased with increasing body mass index (P=0.03).Prolonged fluoroscopy during radiofrequency ablation may potentially cause a small increase in the lifetime risk of fatal malignancy, with lung malignancy being most likely. This risk is small only with the use of techniques and x-ray equipment optimized to keep radiation as low as possible. The risk is increased in obese patients.
Dropsy of the Amnion Simulating Ovarian Tumour
Authors: H. W. Boddy
Journal: BMJ (1878)

it71tcoutdpition remains some ticme without my other bad syptom1 the addition of a small quantity of watery extract of aloes to the above drugs; in others, small doses of sulpbate of magnesia frequently re- peated, have proved most effective, either being at once stopped on the return-of any acute symptom.By these means, most of my cases of obstruction have bad a favour.able termination.In those which have unhappily terminated fatally, the pdst mortem examinations have shown that abdominal taxis under ether (which I have never employed, although probably of the greatest use in exceptional cases) would have been useless, and that no further relief would have been possible, except by opening either the colon or the small bowel by operation.In another paper, I hope to be able to give an analysis of a number of cases, also a new mode by which, I believe, obstruction of the colon may be more accurately diagnosed.
Blood Pressure and Mortality Among Men With Prior Myocardial Infarction
Authors: John M. Flack, James Neaton, Richard Grimm, Joanna Shih, Jeffrey Cutler, Kristine Ensrud, Stephen MacMahon
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The purpose of the present study was to describe the relation between blood pressure (systolic [SBP] and diastolic [DBP]) and death from coronary heart disease (CHD) and all causes for men with a history of myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results The study cohort consisted of men aged 35 to 57 years screened for the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) in 1973 through 1975 and followed for survival for an average of 16 years through 1990. There were 5362 men who reported prior hospitalization for a heart attack of at least 2 weeks’ duration at the initial screening of MRFIT. There was a J-shaped relation between SBP and DBP with both CHD and all-cause mortality during the first 2 years of follow-up in older (age, 45 to 57 years) men only. Risk nadirs for SBP were 152 and 145 mm Hg, respectively, for CHD death and all-cause mortality; corresponding DBP risk nadirs were 94 and 90 mm Hg. After the first 2 years, there was a positive association between SBP and death from CHD and all causes. By 15 years, cumulative CHD mortality percentages for men with screening SBP &lt;120, 120 to 139, 140 to 159, and ≥160 mm Hg were 19.7%, 21.3%, 27.5%, and 32.0%, respectively. When deaths only after year 2 were considered, although the linear DBP coefficient was significant, the quadratic term for DBP was no longer significant ( P &gt;.05). However, the relation still appeared J-shaped as cumulative mortality for those with DBP &lt;70, 70 to 79, 80 to 89, 90 to 99, and ≥100 mm Hg was 24.3%, 20.8%, 21.1%, 25.5%, and 29.7%, respectively. When the joint relation of SBP and DBP was considered, there were no survival differences among the four cohorts (SBP ≥140 and DBP &lt;80, SBP ≥140 and DBP ≥80, SBP ≤140 and DBP &lt;80, and SBP ≤140 and DBP ≥80) during the first 2 years. After 2 years, both CHD and all-cause mortality rates were approximately 40% higher for participants with SBP ≥140 mm Hg versus &lt;140 mm Hg regardless of DBP level (&lt;80 or ≥80 mm Hg). Conclusions In this large cohort of men with prior MI, the association of SBP and DBP with CHD and all-cause mortality varied over the 16-year follow-up period. During early follow-up, in older men only, J- or U-shaped relations were evident. However, after 2 years, these same relations had become positive and graded. Given the substantial excess mortality risk in this cohort associated with high blood pressure, particularly SBP, efforts to gradually lower blood pressure should receive high priority among hypertensive men with prior MI.
Induction of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 and Interleukin-10 by TGFβ1 in Melanoma Enhances Tumor Infiltration and Immunosuppression
Authors: Nancy Díaz-Valdés, María Basagoiti, Javier Dotor, Fernando Aranda, Iñaki Monreal, José Ignacio Riezu-Boj, Francisco Borrás-Cuesta, Pablo Sarobe, Esperanza Feijoó
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Melanoma progression is associated with the expression of different growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. Because TGFβ1 is a pleiotropic cytokine involved not only in physiologic processes but also in cancer development, we analyzed in A375 human melanoma cells, the effect of TGFβ1 on monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression, two known factors responsible for melanoma progression. TGFβ1 increased the expression of MCP-1 and IL-10 in A375 cells, an effect mediated by the cross-talk between Smad, PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase)/AKT, and BRAF-MAPK (mitogen activated protein kinase) signaling pathways. Supernatants from TGFβ1-treated A375 cells enhanced MCP-1–dependent migration of monocytes, which, in turn, expressed high levels of TGF,β1, bFGF, and VEGF mRNA. Moreover, these supernatants also inhibited functional properties of dendritic cells through IL-10–dependent mechanisms. When using in vitro, the TGFβ1-blocking peptide P144, TGFβ1-dependent Smad3 phosphorylation, and expression of MCP-1 and IL-10 were inhibited. In vivo, treatment of A375 tumor–bearing athymic mice with P144 significantly reduced tumor growth, associated with a lower macrophage infiltrate and decreased intratumor MCP-1 and VEGF levels, as well as angiogenesis. Finally, in C57BL/6 mice with B16-OVA melanoma tumors, when administered with immunotherapy, P144 decreased tumor growth and intratumor IL-10 levels, linked to enhanced activation of dendritic cells and natural killer cells, as well as anti-OVA T-cell responses. These results show new effects of TGFβ1 on melanoma cells, which promote tumor progression and immunosuppression, strongly reinforcing the relevance of this cytokine as a molecular target in melanoma. Cancer Res; 71(3); 812–21. ©2011 AACR.
Bronchial responsiveness and symptoms in 5-6 year old children: a comparison of a direct and indirect challenge.
Authors: N M Wilson, P Bridge, M Silverman
Journal: Thorax (1995)

The level of bronchial responsiveness in those with definite asthma correlates with disease severity and markers of airway inflammation. However, in population studies no clear distinction between normal and abnormal is found. Since the outcome of wheeze in early childhood is very variable, a marker of underlying airway inflammation would be of practical value. A stimulus acting indirectly may be more appropriate than one acting directly on smooth muscle. In this study the airway response to a direct (methacholine) and indirect (hypertonic saline) challenge have been compared in 5-6 year old children with past or present wheeze to see if symptom patterns or severity could be distinguished by either test.Forty children with a wide spectrum of wheeze were monitored for a six month period after which their pattern and severity of symptoms were graded. Hypertonic saline and methacholine challenges were then performed on separate days. The response was assessed by both respiratory resistance (Rrs6) and transcutaneous oxygen (PTCO2). Atopic status was determined by IgE and skin prick tests.The results of both challenges were similar whether assessed by Rrs6 or PTCO2. There was no difference in the response to either methacholine or saline between different symptom patterns or severity grades, nor was there any correlation with either test to atopic status.Neither an indirect nor a direct challenge distinguished between past or present wheeze or degree of clinical severity in this group of children. Either wheezy children of this age do not have airway inflammation or bronchial responsiveness is not a marker for it.
Accuracy of clinical assessment of deep-vein thrombosis
Authors: PhilipS. Wells, Jack Hirsh, DavidR. Anderson, AnthonyW.A. Lensing, Gary Foster, Clive Kearon, Jeffrey Weitz, Robert D'Ovidio, Alberto Cogo, Paolo Prandoni, Antonio Girolami, JeffreyS. Ginsberg
Journal: The Lancet (1995)
Investigations begin into death of woman who was refused an abortion
Authors: M. Houston
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The death of a woman who was 17 weeks pregnant is the subject of two investigations at University Hospital Galway in the Republic of Ireland. 

Savita Halappanavar’s husband, Praveen, said that she asked several times for her pregnancy to be terminated because she was in pain and was miscarrying. This was refused, he said, because the fetal heartbeat was still present and the couple was told that “this is a Catholic country.”

Halappanavar, who was 31 and a dentist who settled in Ireland in 2008, was subsequently taken to theatre, where a surgical evacuation of her uterus was carried out. However, her condition …