tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
P53 as a predictor of tumor burden in lymph nodes (LN) in colon cancer (Cca) patients (pts) undergoing sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping (M)
Authors: R. Sehgal, S. Saha, D. Wiese, R. Parker, W. Huang, M. Arora, K. Doan, R. Ganatra, B. Yestrepsky, C. Yee, M. Patel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

3617 Background: p53 and LN status(S) are important prognostic markers in Cca. Our study was done to evaluate whether p53 S could predict tumor burden in LNs in Cca undergoing SLNM. Methods: Pts with Cca underwent SLNM to determine the LN S. A portion of tumor was used for detection of p53 S by IHC.p53 Histo Score (HS) was defined as (Intensity of stain in cells from 0–4 +1) × (% cells staining). HS of 180 was taken as cut off for significance based on previous studies on solid tumors. Metastatic foci in SLNs and nonSLNs were measured in greatest diameter by ocular micrometer. For overall tumor burden in SLNs and nonSLNs,all metastatic foci were added for each pt. Results: SLNM was successful in 100% of the 117 consecutive pts with Cca. Pts with distant metastasis (mets) (18) and skip mets (9) were excluded. Of the remaining 90 pts,39% were SLN positive (+ve) and 61% were SLN negative (-ve). HS of ≤ 180 was found in 66% and HS &gt;180 was found in 34% of the pts. In 55 SLN -ve pts 76% had HS ≤ 180 while 24% had HS &gt;180. In 35 SLN +ve pts, 49% had HS of ≤ 180 and 51% had HS &gt;180. ( Table ) Of SLN +ve pts, size of metastatic tumor in LNs was available in 86% of pts. Average (av.) non SLN met size was 0.95 cms in pts with HS ≤ 180 and 3.4 cms in pts with HS &gt; 180. Av. SLN met size was 0.63 cms in pts with HS ≤ 180 and 0.9 cms in pts with HS&gt;180 ( Table ). No statistical significance was found among T stage of pts with HS &gt;180 vs ≤ 180. Conclusion: Pts with p53 HS &gt;180 showed significantly greater tumor burden in both SLNs and non SLNs as compared to pts with HS ≤ 180. Also probability of having SLN -ve disease is higher in pts with HS ≤ 180 as compared to pts with HS &gt;180 in Cca. Thus,even in SLN -ve pts, high HS may indicate a worse prognosis. Hence,a high p53 HS might predict pts with Cca having higher tumor burden in LNs and thus identify an aggressive subgroup of pts. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Choroidal abnormalities in behçet disease observed by simultaneous indocyanine green and fluorescein angiography with scanning laser ophthalmoscopy11The authors have no proprietary interest in any of the materials used in this study
Authors: Toshihiko Matsuo, Yukiko Sato, Fumio Shiraga, Chieko Shiragami, Yozo Tsuchida
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Abstract 292: Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor Induced Upregulation Of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha Signaling Prevents Hearts From Heart Failure Progression Against Pressure Overload
Authors: Ning Feng, Guangshuo Zhu, vidhya Sivakumaran, Manling Zhang, Djahida Bedja, Eiki Takimoto, Nazareno Paolocci
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Background: The heart is under the influence of neurotrophins (NTs) secreted from peripheral sympathetic nerves, including brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF is indispensible for cardiac development and vascular wall integrity. Yet, whether BDNF signaling plays a role in governing cardiac function in response to stress is unclear. Hypothesis: BDNF signaling contributes to maintain proper cardiac structure/function in pressure overloaded mice. Results: BDNF expression is markedly down-regulated in hearts subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Cardiac specific over-expression of BDNF (BDNF-TG) or administration of a BDNF-mimetic agonist (LM22A-4) preserved cardiac function against pressure overload. In contrast, cardiac-selective deletion of the BDNF receptor, Tropomyosin related kinase receptor B (TrkB), further exacerbated heart failure. In neurons, BDNF up-regulates Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) that regulates energy metabolism and mitochondrial function/biogenesis. Oxidative stress is a major negative modulator of PGC-1a expression/activity. Exposing neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) to hydrogen peroxide downregulated PGC-1α, and BDNF restored it to normal levels, with a concomitant up-regulation of downstream genes involved in both mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative stress, resulting in attenuated ROS production and increased mitochondrial biogenesis. Consistent with the cultured myocyte findings, PGC-1α and downstream genes were up-regulated in BDNF-TG mice subjected to TAC, associated with attenuated oxidative stress and improved mitochondrial biogenesis; whereas TrkB-/- mice subjected to TAC displayed further decreased PGC-1α expression with worsened oxidative stress and impaired mitochondrial biogenesis. Conclusion: Our data show that BDNF confers protection against pressure overload via enhanced PGC-1α signaling that in turn prevents oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial biogenesis. Our data suggest BDNF/trkB is a promising new therapeutic avenue to prevent or retard heart failure.
The Renal Tubular Acidoses
Authors: Robert J Unwin, Giovambattista Capasso
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

The past decade has seen much progress in our understanding of the cellular mechanisms responsible for renal tubular acidosis (RTA), although the mechanism of the common complication of nephrocalcinosis remains unclear. In this brief overview, we discuss RTA from the standpoint of applied or ‘clinical’ renal tubular physiology, since this represents a synthesis of over 50 years of clinical description and classification, more than 30 years of segmental renal tubular physiology, and almost 10 years of applied molecular genetics. We begin by defining RTA and its current clinical classification, and we review this in the context of normal urinary acidification and how it might go wrong.
Neuroblastoma With Symptomatic Spinal Cord Compression at Diagnosis: Treatment and Results With 76 Cases
Authors: Bruno De Bernardi, Clotilde Pianca, Paola Pistamiglio, Edvige Veneselli, Elisabetta Viscardi, Andrea Pession, Patrizia Alvisi, Modesto Carli, Alberto Donfrancesco, Fiorina Casale, Maria Grazia Giuliano, Luca Cordero di Montezemolo, Andrea Di Cataldo, Margherita Lo Curto, Serenella Bagnulo, Richard Fabian Schumacher, Angela Tamburini, Alberto Garaventa, Luigi Clemente, Paolo Bruzzi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To report on the treatment of patients with newly diagnosed neuroblastoma presenting with spinal cord compression (SCC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 1,462 children with neuroblastoma registered between 1979 and 1998, 76 (5.2%) presented with signs/symptoms of SCC, including motor deficit in 75 patients (mild in 43, moderate in 22, severe [ie, paraplegia] in 10), pain in 47, sphincteric deficit in 30, and sensory loss in 11. Treatment of SCC consisted of radiotherapy in 11 patients, laminectomy in 32, and chemotherapy in 33. Laminectomy was more frequently performed in cases with favorable disease stages and in those with severe motor deficit, whereas chemotherapy was preferred in patients with advanced disease. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients achieved full neurologic recovery, 14 improved, 22 remained stable, and eight worsened, including three who become paraplegic. None of the 10 patients with grade 3 motor deficit, eight of whom were treated by laminectomy, recovered or improved. In the other 66 patients, the neurologic response to treatment was comparable for the three therapeutic modalities. All 11 patients treated by radiotherapy and 26 of 32 patients treated by laminectomy, but only two of 33 treated by chemotherapy, received additional therapy for SCC. Fifty-four of 76 patients are alive at time of the analysis, with follow-up of 4 to 209 months (median, 139 months). Twenty-six (44%) of 54 survivors have late sequelae, mainly scoliosis and sphincteric deficit. CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy, laminectomy, and chemotherapy showed comparable ability to relieve or improve SCC. However, patients treated with chemotherapy usually did not require additional therapy, whereas patients treated either with radiotherapy or laminectomy commonly did. No patient presenting with (or developing) severe motor deficit recovered or improved. Sequelae were documented in 44% of surviving patients.
Abstract 11442: Continued ACE Inhibition Alters the Inflammatory and Fibrinolytic Response to Cardiopulmonary Bypass in Children
Authors: Gregory A Fleming, Frederic T Billings, David P Bichell, Karla G Christian, Mias Pretorius
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Many children with a congenital heart defect undergo surgical correction requiring cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). One sixth of these patients take an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibi...
P1101 : Cytochrome P4502E1 as a driving force in the progression of Alcoholic Liver Disease
Authors: H.K. Seitz, H. Qin, K. Glassen, R. Waldherr, C. Flechtenmacher, G. Millonig, T. Peccerella, F. Stickel, P. Schirmacher, T. Bruckner, S. Mueller
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Importance of fatigue measurement in sarcoidosis patients
Authors: Branislav Gvozdenovic, Violeta Vucinic-Mihailovic, Jelena Marinkovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Fatigue is recognized as one of the most prominent symptom in sarcoidosis patients. In the cross-sectional study in 189 biopsy proven sarcoidosis patients (138 female) with average disease duration of 14±8 years, we evaluated the relationship between the fatigue severity and their health status and pulmonary function tests.  Fatigue was measured by standardized Fatigue Scale, which contains 14 items, with four response options (the higher the score, the more severe fatigue). Scale distinguishes mental fatigue, physical fatigue, and it is also possible to calculate a total fatigue score. Two health status questionnaires were administered: respiratory specific – the St Georges Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and generic – the 15D. Total SGRQ and 15D scores, as well as the scores for individual domains of SGRQ, were calculated for each patient. The pulmonary function was determined by means of spirometry and body-plethysmography.  Pearson9s coefficient of linear correlation revealed a statistically highly significant correlation (p 1 (L).  We can conclude that fatigue should be measured in sarcoidosis, since it isn9t possible to assess its severity according to the objective disease outcomes, like pulmonary function tests. The health status and fatigue are two similar, but different aspects of sarcoidosis. All applied instruments demonstrated good measurement properties.
Spontaneous Interferon Production in Cultures of a Cell Line From a Human Myeloblastic Leukemia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: F Deinhardt, J Burnside
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Journal Article Spontaneous Interferon Production in Cultures of a Cell Line From a Human Myeloblastic Leukemia Get access Friedrich Deinhardt, Friedrich Deinhardt Departments of Microbiology, Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital, and Medical and Graduate Schools, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John Burnside John Burnside Departments of Microbiology, Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital, and Medical and Graduate Schools, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60612 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 39, Issue 4, October 1967, Pages 681–683, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/39.4.681 Published: 01 October 1967 Article history Received: 16 February 1967 Published: 01 October 1967
Immunomodulatory properties of silver nanoparticles contribute to anticancer strategy for murine fibrosarcoma
Authors: Biswajit Chakraborty, Ramkrishna Pal, Mohammed Ali, Leichombam Mohindro Singh, Dewan Shahidur Rahman, Sujit Kumar Ghosh, Mahuya Sengupta
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2015)
Bruxism among sleep apnea patients - Characteristics and CPAP compliance: The Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort
Authors: Thorarinn Gislason, Bryndis Benediktsdottir, Erna Arnardottir, Nick Jackson, Allan Pack, Richard Schwab
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objectives:  To analyze the clinical characteristics of sleep bruxism (SB) among subjects with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and upper airway morphology based on MRI. Also the effect of CPAP treatment on bruxism.   Materials and Methods : The OSA subjects were newly diagnosed; 479 males and 111 females. ThPatients were assessed again after 2 years.   Results:  Among OSA patients 18.8% reported SB. There was no gender difference. SB was more common in younger age groups (p   Conclusions:  SB is most prevalent among young OSA patients with a lower OSA severity. Subjects with SB had smaller volumes of the retropalatal airway and tongue compared to non-SB and lower mental quality of life. CPAP treatment of OSA decreases SB symptoms significantly but subjects with bruxism are also less likely to adhere to treatment.
Significance of cytogenetic findings for the clinical outcome in patients with T-cell lymphoma of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy type.
Authors: B Schlegelberger, T Zwingers, K Hohenadel, D Henne-Bruns, N Schmitz, T Haferlach, C Tirier, H Bartels, R Sonnen, R Kuse
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of cytogenetic findings for the clinical outcome of patients with Angioimmunoblastic Lymphadenopathy (AILD)-Type T-cell lymphoma.In a retrospective analysis, the cytogenetic findings of 50 patients with AILD-type T-cell lymphoma were correlated with the frequency of spontaneous and therapy-induced remissions and with survival using the statistical methods of Kaplan and Meier and the model of Cox for multivariate analysis. Treatment was not uniform because the patients were treated in different hospitals during a period of 8 years and because a standard therapy has not yet been established.The following cytogenetic findings were associated with a significantly lower incidence of therapy-induced remissions and a significantly shorter survival duration: presence of aberrant metaphases in unstimulated cultures (P = .04 for both parameters); clones with an additional X chromosome (P = .0001 and P = .03, respectively); structural aberrations of the short arm of chromosome 1, preferentially involving 1p31-32 (P < .001 and P = .04, respectively); and complex aberrant clones with more than four aberrations (P = .0003 and P = .005, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that these cytogenetic findings had a significant influence on survival, but therapy modalities did not. Only the presence of complex aberrant clones was an independent prognostic factor. Trisomy 3 had no effect on survival, but patients without trisomy 5 (P = .08) tended to live longer.This is the first study that seems to indicate that cytogenetic findings have prognostic significance in AILD-type T-cell lymphoma. These results must be proven in prospective studies of homogeneously treated patients.
Characteristics of patients under treatment for NTM disease during the period 2004-2013 in Greece
Authors: Katerina Manika, Stamatoula Tsikrika, Emilia Tsaroucha, Ioannis Kioumis, Apostolos Papavasileiou
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:  The epidemiology of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease remains largely unknown in Greece.   Methods : We investigated the characteristics of patients under treatment for NTM disease for the first time in Greece, for the time period 2004-2013.   Results:  Out of 58 cases (27 men and 31 women, mean age±sd: 58.93±12.55 years), one patient suffered from skin ( M. marinum ) and the rest form pulmonary disease. Fifty patients were of Greek origin and 8 were immigrants.  M. avium  complex (MAC) was the leading cause of NTM disease (35 cases, 60.34%:  M. avium  16,  M  . intracellulare  16),  M. kansasii  ranked second with 8 cases (13.79%) whereas RGM presented with a relative frequency of 10.34%. The rest of NTM comprised an additional 15.53% (4  M  . malmoense , 2  M  . xenopi , 1  M  . celatum , 1  M  .lentiflavium , 1  M  . marinum ). Cavitation was present in 40 patients (69%) and 20 nodular bronchiectatic pattern in 18 (31%). All patients were HIV negative, 30 suffered from previously known bronchiectases, 16 from COPD, 4 from chest wall disease, 17 had a history of previous TB and 4 were immunosuppressed. Under treatment, 33 patients (56.9%) became culture negative after 4.97±2.44 months. Regarding outcome, 20 (34.6%) have been cured, 18 (31%) are still under treatment, 10 (17.2%) have defaulted, 4 (6.9%) have relapsed and 6 (10.3%) have died (5 due to NTM disease).   Conclusion:  Majority of NTM lung disease in Greece is MAC Complex. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence and the significant geographic variability of NTM and their clinical significance at the national level.
Pulmonary function testing in patients with lung cancer
Authors: Rosario Melchor Iñiguez, Marcel José Rodríguez Guzmán, Alejandro Martín de San Pablo Sánchez, María Belén Gallegos Carrera, Sharon Cordova Yamauchi, María Jesús Fernández Aceñero
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction  Lung cancer (LC) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have the same predisposing factor. We studied lung function on patients diagnosed with LC in our hospital.  Methods  Patients diagnosed with LC from April 1 st  2009 to September 30 th  2010 were prospectively studied. Clinical data included histology, stage, spirometry, weight lost, body mass index (BMI) and albumin. For statistic analysis, Student t was used for the association analysis, and Pearson correlation indexes depending on the data type. Statistical significance was considered at p   Results  LC was diagnose in 121 patients. Spirometry was performed in 91 (71 male), which is the group we report here (Mean age 66). Histology types were Adenocarcinoma (39), Squamus cell carcinoma (22) and Small-cell lung cancer (14). 53 patients (58%) were classified as stage IIIb or IV.  Mean Spirometric values were: FEV1 71%, FVC 86%, FEV1/FVC 65%. The three Spirometric parameters were smaller in men (no statistical differences with women). 54.8% of patients were diagnosed as COPD, with FEV1/FVC   Conclusions  - More than half of patients diagnosed with LC in our hospital have also COPD, with similar frequency for all stages.  - A weight lost grater than 5%, low BMI indexes, and Albumin low levels correlate with worse lung function.
THE PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF EPINEPHRINE AND RELATED DIHYDROXYPHENYLALKYLAMINES
Authors: A.M. LANDS
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (1949)

An error in the dose figure for l-arterenol was inadvertently made in the review article by A. M. Lands,  Pharmacological Activity of Epinephrine and Related Dihydroxyphenylalkylamines in the September, 1949 issue of Pharmacological Reviews, Vol. 1, No. 2.

On page 284, last line, the dose by intravenous injection is given as 10-20 mcg./kg./min. The dose should be 10-20 mcg./min.
Changes of nebulizer output over the years
Authors: PJ Merkus, EE van Essen-Zandvliet, E Parlevliet, G Borsboom, PJ Sterk, KF Kerrebijn, PH Quanjer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1992)

The effects of long-term use and of cleaning on the output of 30 specimens of DeVilbiss 646 nebulizers were investigated in order to assess their influence on outcome and interpretation of inhalation provocation tests. Output was assessed in a standardized manner based on weight loss on four occasions one year apart. Output was highly reproducible (intraclass correlation greater than or equal to 0.90), and varied considerably between nebulizers, necessitating calibration at least once. Inadequate cleaning diminished nebulizer output by a factor of two (p less than 0.01), while long-term use was associated with a moderate increase in output of 0.28 mg.yr-1 (p less than 0.0001). Bronchial responsiveness can be underestimated by about one doubling dose due to inadequate cleaning, while interchanging nebulizers can lead to overestimation or underestimation by up to one doubling dose. With proper care the increase in output due to wear has no consequences for clinical practice, or for longitudinal studies.
Clonal dissemination of Enterococcus faecalis ST201 and Enterococcus faecium CC17–ST64 containing Tn5382–vanB2 among 16 hospitals in Chile
Authors: M. López, J.C. Hormazábal, A. Maldonado, G. Saavedra, F. Baquero, J. Silva, C. Torres, R. del Campo
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
George Alan Rose
Authors: Jean Rose
Journal: BMJ (2015)

George Alan Rose specialised in kidney stones and chemical analysis. From 1965 until he retired in 1990, he ran the laboratories, organised his research, and prepared publications and lectures for national and international conferences and symposiums.

Born in London, he was the second of three sons of Flora and Edward Rosen, founder and chief executive officer of Ultra Electronics. After being evacuated in 1939 from University College School to Canford School in Wimborne Dorset, Alan completed his A levels in one year, entering Wadham College, Oxford, at the age of 17 to study chemistry. After graduating, he worked with Professor Charles Dent at University College Hospital and over time, they were writing papers together, the first in 1949 entitled “The Bence-Jones protein of multiple myelomatosis.” The second was on protein chromatography in 1951, and the third, written later in 1964, was entitled “Radiological diagnosis of osteoporosis, osteomalacia, and hyperparathyroidism.” These three works are now included in many studies of biochemistry at university. With the encouragement of Charles Dent, Alan returned to Wadham College to study medicine, as Dent himself had done, graduating in 1952.

His first medical appointments included that of house physician and surgeon at Lambeth Hospital and …
A pilot study of the acceptability of snus and nicotine pouch in smoking cessation
Authors: Julian Crane, Brent Caldwell, Vicki Ward, Angela Thie
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

New Zealand is aiming to become entirely smokefree by 2025. This goal is endorsed by the Ministry of Health and widely by the tobacco control community. To achieve this goal will require a number of new initiatives both in policy and smoking cessation. We have recently commenced a small pilot study to examine the acceptability of snus (an oral tobacco) and a nicotine pouch (Zonnic) amongst hospitalised smokers who have previously tried and failed to quit with NRT.  100 hospitalised smokers who wished to quit were enrolled and have been followed for at least 3 months. Smokers were given 1 week to try both products and then chose one to use for three months in a further quit attempt.  During the first weeks9 trial the nicotine pouch was more satisfying (using the CES) than snus median score 4.0 (IQR 2-5), 4 (IQR 3-5) p=0.05 and more enjoyable 4.0 (IQR 3-5), 3.0 (IQR 1-4) p  During the 2 weeks prior to quitting 50 subjects chose to use the nicotine pouch, 25 chose snus and 25 chose to use neither, except occasionally.  At 3 months, of the 16 who used snus regularly 5 were quit (31%) and a further 3 had smoked less than 2 cigarettes in the last 7 days. Of the 24 who used the nocotine pouch 4 were quit (16.6%) and a further 2 subjects had smoked less than 2 cigarettes.  Amongst smokers with no history of oral tobacco use, the nicotine pouch appears nore satisfying and enjoyable and is chosen twice as often as snus, but may be less effective for cessation. Alternatively, those who choose snus may be better able to quit than those who choose zonnic. A full RCT will be required to confirm these findings.  (This study was funded entirely by the New Zealand Ministry of Health).