tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Investments in Infrastructure for Diverse Research Resources and the Health of the Public
Authors: Bruce M. Psaty, Eric B. Larson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
American Medicine in Transition
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The usual historical review includes a description of outstanding events or personalities and a text that is built around them. The emphasis in this book is far different. In a series of essays, the author succeeds in portraying the struggles of the entire medical profession as it escaped from a myriad of deficiencies and entered the scientific era, characterized by the appearance of the Flexner Report in 1910.  The main subjects include humors, bloodletting, administration of drugs, transcendental medicine, midwifery, medical education, the business and ethics of medicine, and Darwinism. From these disparate topics the author has melded an absorbing account that is factual, critical, and occasionally humorous. He has fortified his conclusions with extensive notes and bibliographic references.  Many interesting facts are related; only a few examples can be given. Jacksonian democracy had fostered individualism and distrust of elitism. Consequently, a profusion of cults developed; homeopaths, eclectics, Thomsonians, Rushites,
Should CLIPPERS Be Considered a Prelymphoma State or a New Inflammatory Disease?
Authors: Guillaume Taieb, Dimitri Renard, Pierre Labauge
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Multicenter trial of L-carnitine in maintenance hemodialysis patients. I. Carnitine concentrations and lipid effects
Authors: Thomas A. Golper, Marsha Wolfson, Suhail Ahmad, Raimund Hirschberg, Paul Kurtin, Lois Anne Katz, Robert Nicora, Don Ashbrook, Joel D. Kopple
Journal: Kidney International (1990)
THE PROGRESS OF THE INDIVIDUAL CUP MOVEMENT, ESPECIALLY AMONG CHURCHES.
Authors: HOWARD S. ANDERS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

"Prove all things; hold fast that which is good," is apostolic advice too often and incorrectly applied to good things that are old; whereas, its obvious application is to things that are new. Not, indeed, should it be inferred that beneficent things ought to be despised, neglected, or indifferently treated because they are old, but, with a growing spirit of liberty and progressiveness of thought and effort so characteristically evident, that all things should be proved, good things should be held fast, while those which are bad should be cast away. Instinct and automatism avail nothing here. The Pauline exhortation has fittingly been followed in the approach of our theme to its present point in several ways: principles, facts and figures constitute a substantial tripod for the support of a growing sanitary triumph wherever they may be accepted and utilized for their worth and adaptability. The promiscuous and common use
Abstract 1840: Clinical significance of lincRNA-p21 in colorectal cancer.
Authors: Haiyan Zhai, Andrew Fesler, Kristina Schee, Øystein Fodstad, Kjersti Flatmark, Jingfang Ju
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Large Intergenic Noncoding RNAs (LincRNAs) have been recently shown to be novel regulators for both transcription and posttranscriptional/translation. One of them, lincRNA-p21, was regulated by p53 and contributed to apoptosis in mouse embryonic fibroblasts. However, the impact of such regulation on colorectal cancer (CRC) is remained to be determined. In this study, we discovered that the expression level of lincRNA-p21 was increased by elevated wild type p53 induced by Nutlin in HCT116 colon cancer cells. The clinical significance of lincRNA-p21 was further investigated in 2 CRC patient cohorts. The expression of lincRNA-p21 was quantified by the real time qRT-PCR analysis using total RNAs extracted from snap fresh frozen CRC samples. Our results reveal that the expression level of lincRNA-p21 is significantly (P = 0.0208) lower in CRC tumor tissue when compared to the paired normal tissue from the same patient. There is no significant correlation of lincRNA-p21 with p53 status (wild type vs. mutant). Tumors in rectum show higher level of lincRNA-p21 than the ones in colon (P = 0.00005). In addition, lincRNA-p21 in stage III patients was significantly higher than stage I patients (P = 0.007). Elevated level of lincRNA-p21 was significantly associated with higher pT (P = 0.037 between pT 2 and 3), and vascular invasion (P = 0.017). LincRNA-p21 was not significantly associated with patient's overall survival. These results indicate that lincRNA-p21 may contribute to CRC disease progression. Citation Format: Haiyan Zhai, Andrew Fesler, Kristina Schee, Øystein Fodstad, Kjersti Flatmark, Jingfang Ju. Clinical significance of lincRNA-p21 in colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1840. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1840
The role of PEG architecture and molecular weight in the gene transfection performance of PEGylated poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) based cationic polymers
Authors: Shrinivas Venkataraman, Wei Lin Ong, Zhan Yuin Ong, Say Chye Joachim Loo, Pui Lai Rachel Ee, Yi Yan Yang
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Multiple Small Pulmonary Emboli in Refractory Chronic Congestive Heart Failure.
Authors: Robert R. Burch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Multiple Small Pulmonary Emboli in Refractory Chronic Congestive Heart Failure.Robert R. Burch, M.D., F.A.C.P., Maurice A. Pearl, M.D., F.A.C.P., Eugene Gonzales, M.D.Robert R. Burch, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Maurice A. Pearl, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Eugene Gonzales, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1034_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptProgressive chronic congestive heart failure unresponsive to the usual therapeutic measures is a frequent clinical problem. Because of the absence of an obvious source, as well as the usual clinical picture, pulmonary emboli are often not given serious consideration as the cause of the progressive course of this illness.Twelve cases studied illustrate a clinical picture characteristic of repeated small pulmonary emboli as the cause of the progressive course of refractory chronic congestive heart failure. All 12 cases had the following common features: [1] large heart with refractory chronic congestive heart failure; [2] partially or completely bedridden patient; [3] stepwise... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New Orleans, Louisiana, Bogota, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1034-1034KeywordsHeart failure Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Usefulness of Pravastatin in Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Events in Women
Authors: Kyoichi Mizuno, Noriaki Nakaya, Yasuo Ohashi, Naoko Tajima, Toshio Kushiro, Tamio Teramoto, Shinichiro Uchiyama, Haruo Nakamura
Journal: Circulation (2008)

It is well known that statins reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, the effect of statins in women for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease has not been determined. We conducted an exploratory analysis of the effect of diet plus pravastatin therapy on the primary prevention of cardiovascular events in women with data from a large-scale primary prevention trial with pravastatin.Patients with hypercholesterolemia (5.7 to 7.0 mmol/L) and no history of coronary heart disease or stroke were randomized to diet or diet plus pravastatin 10 to 20 mg/d and followed up for > or = 5 years. We investigated the effect of diet plus pravastatin treatment on cardiovascular events in 5356 women during the 5-year follow-up. The incidence of cardiovascular events in the women was 2 to 3 times lower than that in men. The occurrence of cardiovascular events was 26% to 37% lower in the diet plus pravastatin treatment group than in the diet alone group. Although these differences did not reach statistical significance, the overall risk reductions were similar to those in men. Notably, women > or = 60 years of age treated with diet plus pravastatin had markedly higher risk reductions for coronary heart disease (45%), coronary heart disease plus cerebral infarction (50%), and stroke (64%) than did women treated with diet alone.Treatment with pravastatin in women with elevated cholesterol but no history of cardiovascular disease provides a benefit similar to that seen in men, and this benefit is more marked in older women. This treatment should be considered routinely for primary cardiovascular protection in women with elevated cholesterol levels.
Authors' reply to McShane and Regnard
Authors: D. Aarsland, B. Husebo, C. Ballard
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Objective:</h3> to propose a new theory on the causation of TGA. <h3>Background:</h3> A healthy 54 year old writer/lawyer developed typical symptoms of TGA while camping with her family. After sitting beneath a waterfall, she was cold and shivering. She kept repeating the same questions but had no focal neurologic deficits. She could not retain any new information. Approximately 6 hours later, she was back to normal. TGA has been theorized to arise from CNS ischemia or focal seizure activity. However typical patients do not develop strokes and usually have no vascular risk factors. They also do not develop epilepsy. A more logical explanation would be neurotransmitter changes causing TGA. Triggers for TGA include cold water, exercise, stress and sex. These factors are known to increase GABA and glutamate activity. Cold water increases glutamate activity in mice. Versed causes amnesia and enhances GABA receptor affinity. Topiramate can cause memory impairment and potentiates GABA transmission. Sex and vigorous exercise increase GABA and glutamate. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> This theory is based on the case report and review of the literature. <h3>Results:</h3> A new theory to explain TGA. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> We postulate that neurotransmitter changes in GABA and/or glutamate provoke the transient symptoms of TGA. A GABA antagonist such as bilobalide, contained in Ginko Baloba, and/or a glutamate antagonist such as amantadine, might prove effective in reducing the duration of symptoms, duration of hospitalization, and need for extensive diagnostic testing, with little risk of morbidity. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Kingston has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kingston has nothing to disclose.
MECHANISM OF NO-REFLOW PHENOMENON INDUCED BY STENT DEPLOYMENT IN THIN CAP FIBROATHEROMA AREA IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDORME: HISTOLOGICAL EVLAUATION
Authors: Masayuki Taniike, Masami Nishino, Naotaka Okamoto, Akihiro Tanaka, Atsushi Kikuchi, Takeshi Masaki, Naoki Mori, Daisuke Nakamura, Takahiro Yoshimura, Yasuharu Lee, Nobuhiko Makino, Hiroyasu Kato, Yasuyuki Egami, Ryu Shutta, Hisaki Morita, Jun Tanouchi, Yoshio Yamada
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Lysophosphatidylcholine in oxidized low-density lipoprotein increases endothelial susceptibility to polymorphonuclear leukocyte-induced endothelial dysfunction in porcine coronary arteries. Role of protein kinase C.
Authors: S Sugiyama, K Kugiyama, M Ohgushi, K Fujimoto, H Yasue
Journal: Circulation Research (1994)

We have shown that transferred lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) from oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) to endothelial surface membrane activates protein kinase C (PKC) in endothelial cells, suggesting that Ox-LDL could alter endothelial functions through PKC activation. The purposes of the present study were to examine whether the endothelial susceptibility to polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) may be altered in Ox-LDL-treated coronary arteries, which have properties closely resembling those observed in atherosclerotic arteries, and to determine the mechanism(s) by which Ox-LDL may affect the endothelial susceptibility to PMNs. Isolated porcine coronary arteries were cannulated and perfused with oxygenated culture medium with or without LDLs or lipids at a constant flow (37 degrees C, pH 7.4). The treatment of porcine coronary arteries with Ox-LDL increased endothelial adhesiveness to PMNs and augmented PMN-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent arterial relaxation (EDR). Furthermore, Ox-LDL stimulated the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the porcine coronary arterial endothelium. These effects of Ox-LDL were not mediated by the scavenger-receptor-mediated process but were attributed to lysoPC in Ox-LDL. Blocking of the PMN adherence to endothelium by using anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody abolished the PMN-induced impairment of EDR. Coincubation with staurosporine or calphostin C, inhibitors of PKC, during treatment of the arteries with Ox-LDL or lysoPC attenuated the augmentative effects of Ox-LDL and lysoPC on endothelial ICAM-1 expression, endothelial adhesiveness to PMNs, and PMN-induced EDR impairment. Treatment of the arteries with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, a potent stimulator of PKC, induced ICAM-1 expression and enhanced the endothelial adhesiveness to PMNs and PMN-induced EDR impairment, mimicking the effects of Ox-LDL. These results suggest that lysoPC in Ox-LDL induces endothelial ICAM-1 expression, which facilitates PMN adherence to endothelium and the subsequent augmentation of PMN-induced EDR impairment. PKC activation in endothelial cells by lysoPC in Ox-LDL may at least in part be involved in these effects of Ox-LDL. LysoPC in Ox-LDL increases endothelial susceptibility to PMN-induced endothelial dysfunction.
High-Dose Chemotherapy with Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Rescue for High-Risk Breast Cancer
Authors: Sjoerd Rodenhuis, Marijke Bontenbal, Louk V.A.M. Beex, John Wagstaff, Dick J. Richel, Marianne A. Nooij, Emile E. Voest, Pierre Hupperets, Harm van Tinteren, Hans L. Peterse, Elisabeth M. TenVergert, Elisabeth G.E. de Vries
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

The use of high-dose adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk primary breast cancer is controversial. We studied its efficacy in patients with 4 to 9 or 10 or more tumor-positive axillary lymph nodes.Patients younger than 56 years of age who had undergone surgery for breast cancer and who had no distant metastases were eligible if they had at least four tumor-positive axillary lymph nodes. Patients in the conventional-dose group received fluorouracil, epirubicin, and cyclophosphamide (FEC) every three weeks for five courses, followed by radiotherapy and tamoxifen. The high-dose treatment was identical, except that high-dose chemotherapy (6 g of cyclophosphamide per square meter of body-surface area, 480 mg of thiotepa per square meter, and 1600 mg of carboplatin per square meter) with autologous peripheral-blood hematopoietic progenitor-cell transplantation replaced the fifth course of FEC.Of the 885 patients, 442 were assigned to the high-dose group and 443 to the conventional-dose group. After a median follow-up of 57 months, the actuarial 5-year relapse-free survival rates were 59 percent in the conventional-dose group and 65 percent in the high-dose group (hazard ratio for relapse in the high-dose group, 0.83; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.66 to 1.03; P=0.09). In the group with 10 or more positive nodes, the relapse-free survival rates were 51 percent in the conventional-dose group and 61 percent in the high-dose group (P=0.05 by the log-rank test; hazard ratio for relapse, 0.71; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.50 to 1.00).High-dose alkylating therapy improves relapse-free survival among patients with stage II or III breast cancer and 10 or more positive axillary lymph nodes. This benefit may be confined to patients with HER-2/neu-negative tumors.
Limitations of randomised controlled trials
Authors: L P. Fielding, R. Grace, R. Hittinger
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—T C B Dehn has commented on the problems of accruing patients into randomised controlled trials, noting the understandable reluctance of patients to enter some trials (“I want the best treatment, doctor”) in which the patient's outcome (for example, time to death) is the main end point and, consequently, the patient is unable to benefit from thestudy directly.1 This raises a fundamental issue concerning the usefulness of randomised controlled trials in reliably identifying new clinical knowledge. Less recognised, but equally important, is inconsistent clinical enthusiasm to offer the …
HEALTH OF AMERICAN INDIANS
Authors: M. C. Guthrie
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —We are replying to the editorial comment on this subject (The Journal, January 8, p. 104), and to the communication from Dr. Haven Emerson (The Journal, February 5, p. 424). The Census Bureau figures for death rates among Indians as given by Dr. Emerson are: The death rate per thousand in accordance with Indian Office figures are: The latter figures, instead of showing an increase of 48 per cent in the mortality rate among the Indians in the four years ending with 1924 as stated by Dr. Emerson, show an increase of 4.9 per cent for the five year period from 1921 to 1925, inclusive. It is thought that this apparent increase is due to the fact that with increased and improved medical, hospital and nursing service on Indian reservations there has been brought about a better reporting of birth and death data for this population. It
Nomenclature in Cardiology-Reply
Authors: Jules Constant
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Dr Sasse is certainly justified in protesting the use of the term  trifascicular  for the triad of a right bundle-branch block, anterior divisional block, and firstdegree AV  My statement that such a combination could be called a partial trifascicular block was not meant to imply that it always was such but that if you thought that the AV block was due to a block in the remaining fascicle, then (and only then) should it be called a partial trifascicular  I trust that the ambiguity of my statement does not detract from the point that such a combination of blocks should not be called bilateral bundle-branch block.
IMIPRAMINE IN DEPRESSION : A CONTROLLED STUDY
Authors: NORMAN ROULET, ROBERT R. ALVAREZ, J. PATRICK DUFFY, L. DOUGLAS LENKOSKI, T. GEORGE BIDDER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1962)

The antidepressant drug imipramine was evaluated by means of a double blind study. Therapeutic results were assessed on the basis of a rating scale, psychological tests, and clinical course. Differences favoring the drug were found in some of the psychological tests, but in no clinical area were there significant differences between drug and placebo.
Frequent Engagement of the Classical and Alternative NF-κB Pathways by Diverse Genetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Christina M. Annunziata, R. Eric Davis, Yulia Demchenko, William Bellamy, Ana Gabrea, Fenghuang Zhan, Georg Lenz, Ichiro Hanamura, George Wright, Wenming Xiao, Sandeep Dave, Elaine M. Hurt, Bruce Tan, Hong Zhao, Owen Stephens, Madhumita Santra, David R. Williams, Lenny Dang, Bart Barlogie, John D. Shaughnessy, W. Michael Kuehl, Louis M. Staudt
Journal: Cancer Cell (2007)
Cortisone in Treatment of Children with Chronic Asthma
Authors: M. C. S. Kennedy, D. C. Thursby-Pelham
Journal: BMJ (1956)

remarkably short time the site of the carcinoma is replaced by avascular scar.It is generally agreed that prolactin is richly contained in the mammalian placenta, where it may be elaborated or, more.probably, stored, and the dramatic growth regression of the Foulds tumour at parturition suggests that it is "placental-prolactin" dependent.Strict hormone depen- dence is also characteristic of the malignant tumours in animals produced experimentally by hormone administration.Hormone dependence in mammals may therefore be re- garded as an induced or spontaneous biological character- istic whose existence should dispel any doubts regarding the reality of hormone-dependent human breast cancer. SummarAbout 50 % of all human breast cancers are hormone- dependent.Progressive growth of such tumours is conditioned by an adequate supply of those hormones which govern physiological growth in the hormone- dependent epithelium of the normal mammary gland.Normal breast growth is controlled by the synergistic action of the pituitary hormone prolactin acting at a relatively high concentration, with ovarian oestrogen acting at a relatively low one.Combined oophorectomy and adrenalectomy deprive a breast cancer of oestrogenic steroids, and if the tumour is hormone-dependent growth regression follows.This effect seems to be almost always temporary, oestrogen production is slowly re-established, and progressive growth of the tumour recurs probably when oestrogen production from an unknown site reaches the low level required for normal mammogenesis.Total hypophysectomy in all probability completely deprives the tumour of oestrogen and prolactin.This operation can have no effect on the growth of a hormone-independent tumour.The urine of all pre-menopausal women and of approximately 50% of post-menopausal women con- tains one or more mammotrophic hormones.It seems probable that it contains prolactin.If the urine of a breast-cancer patient has no mammo- trophic activity it seems very probable that her tumour would be hormone-independent and that hypophys- ectomy would have no effect on its progressive growth.A short series of investigations supports this supposition.