tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychotherapeutic Interventions in Alexithymic Patients
Authors: Hellmuth Freyberger, Hans-Werner Künsebeck, Wolfgang Lempa, Walter Wellmann, Hans-Jürgen Avenarius
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1985)

Starting from the psychosomatic patients in clinico-medical wards and the inherent two primary alexithymic features 'highly limited introspective capacity' and 'very low motivation concerning dynamic psychotherapy', which we proved empirically, we describe the therapist's attitude and the three steps of supportive psychotherapy which initially represent the most indicated procedure in this patient group. In Hannover, this supportive psychotherapeutic procedure is applied by student auxiliary therapists. On the basis of our empirical findings, the effectivity of supportive psychotherapy, accomplished by students, in the alexithymic psychosomatic clinico-medical inpatients could be clearly demonstrated. Furthermore, we comment on some previous psychotherapeutic findings with regard to Crohn patients. Starting from our pretreatment and our follow-up measurements, we were able to prove that patients who were treated by both supportive psychotherapy and psychoanalytically orientated inpatient ward psychotherapy, showed remarkable improvements at all levels of the measurement techniques. Finally, we outline some clinico-psychosomatic aspects with regard to secondary alexithymia.
CULTIVATION OF THE ESTIVO-AUTUMNAL MALARIAL PARASITE IN THE MOSQUITO —ANOPHELES QUADRIMACULATA.
Authors: ALBERT WOLDERT
Journal: JAMA (1901)

To determine this question my observations were carried on through the past winter and summer, the latter of which has been the warmest for thirty years. Previous to June, 1900, I had not discovered any specimens of anopheles here or in New Jersey, and but one specimen had been sent to me from Texas. In the previous fall I bad treated a case of malarial fever in whose blood both crescents and ovoid bodies were found, which undoubtedly originated in Philadelphia,<sup>1</sup>and it was near this locality that my first efforts were made to capture adult anopheles or their larvæ. Periodic trips were made to this section during many weeks without avail, and I brought back only the larvæ of culex, chironomus and various other unknown larvæ. About three-fourths of a mile distant from the house in which the case of fever had been treated, and near the League
Occupational Risk of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome among Health Care Workers
Authors: Eugene McCray
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

In August 1983, we initiated nationwide prospective surveillance of health care workers with documented parenteral or mucous-membrane exposures to blood or other body fluids of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or AIDS-related illnesses. The purpose of the surveillance project is to quantitate prospectively the risk to health care workers of acquiring the AIDS virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus Type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV), as a result of occupational exposures. By December 31, 1985, 938 health care workers were being followed in the surveillance project. The mean length of follow-up was 15 months (range, 0 to 56) and 531 health care workers (57 percent) had been followed for more than one year. Needlestick injuries and cuts with sharp instruments accounted for 76 percent of the exposures. Over 85 percent of all exposures were to blood or serum. None of the health care workers have acquired signs or symptoms of AIDS. Analyses of T-lymphocyte subsets were performed for 341 (36 percent) of the exposed health care workers, and tests for antibody to HTLV-III/LAV were performed for 451 (48 percent). Seven health care workers who had low helper/suppressor T-lymphocyte ratios on initial testing were retested; only three had persistently low ratios. Only two health care workers tested were seropositive for antibody to HTLV-III/LAV. The results of this surveillance project, thus far, suggest that the risk to health care workers of occupational transmission of HTLV-III/LAV is low (the upper bound of the 95 percent confidence interval for the seroprevalence rate among workers with greater than or equal to 3 months of follow-up with HTLV-III/LAV antibody testing is 1.65 percent) and appears to be related to parenteral exposure to blood.
1116-10 Shock in patients with acute aortic dissection: Clinical characteristics, risk factors, and outcomes
Authors: Thomas T Tsai, Eric M Isselbacher, Christoph A Nienaber, Arturo Evangelista, Jianming Fang, Dean E Smith, Jeanna V Cooper, Stuart Hutchison, Eduardo Bossone, Patrick O'Gara, Kim A Eagle, Rajendra H Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Abdominal Ultrasound: M Stocksley. Greenwich Medical Media, 2001, pound35.00, B/W, pp 286. ISBN 1-90015-166-9
Authors: N Power
Journal: Gut (2002)

Mike Stocksley moved from a career in clinical ultrasound to teaching and is now senior lecturer in the Faculty of Health at South Bank University. His background as an educator is readily apparent in this excellent book which for him was clearly a labour of love.

Despite the increasing complexity of investigations available, ultrasound remains an important tool in the investigation of abdominal pathology. Its ready availability and resulting popularity do not however imply that it is a straightforward or simple skill. It is probably the most operator dependent imaging modality, and mastery of the underlying concepts, proper performance …
Activation of a novel Bcr/Abl destruction pathway by WP1130 induces apoptosis of chronic myelogenous leukemia cells
Authors: Geoffrey A. Bartholomeusz, Moshe Talpaz, Vaibhav Kapuria, Ling Yuan Kong, Shimei Wang, Zeev Estrov, Waldemar Priebe, Ji Wu, Nicholas J. Donato
Journal: Blood (2007)
Abstract 2197: Fliz-1 regulation of GATA-3 expression in mammary tumor cells
Authors: Eric Shrestha, TianJiao Wang, Justin Saunders, Janice E. Knepper
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The GATA-3 transcription factor is a master regulator of cell fate determination in the mammary gland. Mice lacking expression of GATA-3 in the mammary gland fail to develop complete ductal branching or terminal end buds, while depletion of GATA-3 from adult mammary glands leads to loss of markers for luminal cell differentiation and to caspase-mediated death of luminal cells. In human breast cancer, GATA-3 expression is found in highly differentiated, estrogen receptor positive tumors with good prognosis, while loss correlates with highly metastatic tumors resistant to endocrine therapy. Regulation of GATA-3 expression is incompletely understood, though a positive-cross regulatory loop with the estrogen receptor alpha has been defined. The zinc finger protein Fliz-1 represses GATA-3 transcription in the T cell lineage, but its role in mammary cells is unknown. We hypothesize that Fliz-1 also can repress GATA-3 expression in mammary cells, leading to loss of estrogen response. To test this hypothesis, we identified a mouse mammary tumor cell line expressing high levels of Fliz1, and transfected the cells with a Fliz-1 silencing vector or negative control. Successful knockdown was confirmed by RT/PCR. Cells with decreased Fliz-1 expression showed increased expression of GATA-3 and estrogen receptor alpha mRNA relative to controls. The Fliz-1-expressing cells formed tumors that were insensitive to tamoxifen treatment when implanted in syngeneic BALB/c mice, while cells with decreased Fliz-1 expression exhibited decreased tumor growth in response to endocrine therapy. As a reciprocal experiment, we constructed a fusion gene linking Fliz-1 with a C-terminal green fluorescent protein tag. The fusion protein properly localizes to the nucleus of transfected MCF-7 (human breast cancer) and COMMA-D (mouse mammary epithelial) cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation was used to show that Fliz1-GFP binds to an intronic regulatory region within the GATA-3 gene in COMMA-D cells. These data provide evidence supporting a role for Fliz-1 in control of GATA-3 expression in mammary cells and tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2197. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2197
The relationship of JAK2V617F and acquired UPD at chromosome 9p in polycythemia vera
Authors: L Wang, S I Swierczek, L Lanikova, S J Kim, K Hickman, K Walker, K Wang, J Drummond, H Doddapaneni, J G Reid, D M Muzny, R A Gibbs, D A Wheeler, J T Prchal
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
French doctors apologise for wartime antisemitism
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1997)

French doctors have followed the example of the French government, the Catholic church, and French police in apologising to Jews for the attitude of part of their profession during the German occupation.

At a general assembly of regional representatives, Dr Bernard Glorion, president of the Conseil National de l'Ordre des Medecins, the French medical association, said that doctors-some under duress, others by ideology-participated in the discriminatory Vichy government's policies to “contribute to the vigour of the [French] race” and to ensure that Jewish …
THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE ANTERIOR POLIOMYELITIS BY NERVE TRANSPLANTATION.
Authors: WILLIAM G. SPILLER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Acute anterior poliomyelitis is generally recognized as an inflammation of the gray matter of the anterior horns of the spinal cord. The cases in which an examination of the spinal cord has been possible in the early stages of the disease have shown congestion of blood vessels, round cell infiltration about the vessels and within the nervous tissue, and more or less destruction of the nervous elements. The paralysis which occurs as a result of these lesions develops early in the disease and is usually extensive, and more so than at later stages. Some of the nerve cells of the anterior horns are so seriously damaged that they are incapable of regeneration, and the muscles formerly innervated from these, atrophy and lose their function. Other nerve cells are only seriously diseased and are still capable of at least partial restoration, and function returns later in the muscles innervated by these
Respiratory depression after alfentanil infusion.
Authors: R S Sebel, J M Lalor, P J Flynn, B A Simpson
Journal: BMJ (1984)

2 observations de depression respiratoire serieuse, ayant necessite intubation et ventilation assistee apres perfusion veineuse d'alfentanil pour de petites interventions. Necessite d'une surveillance de la ventilation aussitot apres l'intervention
A better system for polio vaccination in developing countries?
Authors: T J John, A Joseph, P Vijayarathnam
Journal: BMJ (1980)

smaller swellings, which caused little pain and discharged purulent fluid; no further antibiotic treatment was given and all cultures were sterile.In December 1979 she ran out of surgical spirit and had to sterilise her syringe with boiling water.While reading the syringe instructions she noted that the manufacturers specifically advised the use of industrial methylated spirit for storage.She therefore changed her storage method and has had no further trouble at her current insulin injection sites on the abdomen.The swellings in her thighs, however, have continued to develop and discharge and she has many scars that are cosmetically disfiguring.
Strategy for Health Manpower
Authors: Douglas A. Fenderson
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although as an individual I read the article of Smith et al ("A Strategy for Health Manpower,"<b>217</b>:1362, 1971) was considerable interest, I must hasten to erase a possible misunderstanding. The National Center for Health Services Research and Development is correctly acknowledged as the source of funding for the MEDEX project at the University of Washington. The interest of the National Center, however, is in studying the impact of this experiment upon the health services delivery system. In their article, Smith and his coauthors are not reporting the objective results of this study, but communicating their impressions as individuals based upon their personal experiences and insights gained through involvement in MEDEX. The system of nomenclature and utilization they advocate should be judged by readers on its own merits and in light of the experience and thought its proposers have brought to bear. Neither the National Center
Inappropriate hepatic cholesterol synthesis expands the cellular pool of sterol available for recruitment by bile acids in the rat.
Authors: L E Bilhartz, D K Spady, J M Dietschy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

These studies test the hypothesis that a major determinant of excessive biliary cholesterol secretion is a level of hepatic sterol synthesis that is inappropriately high relative to the needs of the liver cell for preserving cholesterol balance. Biliary cholesterol secretion was measured in vivo in two models after loading the hepatocyte with sterol by two different mechanisms. In the first model, cholesterol was delivered physiologically to the liver in chylomicron remnants. This resulted in a sixfold increase in cholesteryl ester content and marked suppression of cholesterol synthesis, but biliary cholesterol secretion remained essentially constant. In the second model, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl CoA reductase levels in the liver were markedly increased by chronic mevinolin (lovastatin) administration. Withdrawal of the inhibitor resulted in a sudden fivefold increase in the rate of sterol synthesis in the liver of the experimental animals that was inappropriately high for cellular needs. This excessive synthesis, in turn, was accompanied by a fivefold increase in the cholesteryl ester content, enrichment of microsomal membranes with cholesterol and, most importantly, by a threefold increase in the rate of biliary sterol secretion. As the rate of sterol synthesis gradually returned to normal over 48 h, the cholesterol ester content, the lipid composition of the microsomal membranes, and rate of cholesterol secretion into bile also returned to baseline values. These results further support the concept of functional compartmentalization of cholesterol in the hepatocyte. Derangements that cause an inappropriately high rate of sterol synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum may lead to an expansion of that pool of cholesterol that is recruitable by bile acids and, hence, to greater situation of the bile.
Acute Leukemia: Biology and Treatment
Authors: MARTIN J. CLINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

A fundamental abnormality in acute myeloid leukemia is a block in cell differentiation with resultant accumulation of immature leukocytes. This abnormality can be studied in continuously growing leukemic cell lines that differentiate with simple chemical signals. Surface antigenic modulation occurring with cell differentiation can be monitored by specific antisera. These antisera have great potential as diagnostic and therapeutic reagents. More than 90% of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and more than 70% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia can achieve remission of disease with aggressive multiagent chemotherapy. Long-term, disease-free survival is obtainable in about one half of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia but in less than 15% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The future directions of research for achieving cure of acute leukemia seem to be well defined.
Thromboxane Receptor Activates the AMP-Activated Protein Kinase in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells via Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Miao Zhang, Yunzhou Dong, Jian Xu, Zhonglin Xie, Yong Wu, Ping Song, Melissa Guzman, Jiliang Wu, Ming-Hui Zou
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

Thromboxane A 2 receptor (TPr) stimulation induces cellular hypertrophy in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs); however, regulation of VSMC hypertrophy remains poorly understood. Here we show that TPr stimulation activates AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), which in turn limits TPr-induced protein synthesis in VSMCs. Exposure of cultured VSMCs to either TPr agonists, IBOP and U46619, or exogenous hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) caused time- and dose-dependent AMPK activation, as evidenced by increased phosphorylation of both AMPK-Thr172 and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase–Ser79, a downstream enzyme of AMPK, whereas SQ29548, a selective TPr antagonist, significantly attenuated TPr-enhanced AMPK activation. In parallel, both IBOP and U46619 significantly increased the production of reactive oxygen species such as H 2 O 2 . Furthermore, adenoviral overexpression of catalase (an H 2 O 2 scavenger) abolished, whereas superoxide dismutase (which catalyzes H 2 O 2 formation) enhanced, IBOP-induced AMPK activation, suggesting that TPr-activated AMPK was mediated by H 2 O 2 . Consistently, exposure of VSMCs to either TPr agonists or exogenous H 2 O 2 dose-dependently increased the phosphorylation of LKB1 (at serines 428 and 307), an AMPK kinase, as well as coimmunoprecipitation of AMPK with LKB1. In addition, direct mutagenesis of either Ser428 or Ser307 of LKB1 into alanine, like the kinase-dead LKB1 mutant, abolished both TPr-stimulated AMPK activation and coimmunoprecipitation. Finally, genetic inhibition of AMPK significantly accentuated IBOP-enhanced protein synthesis, whereas adenoviral overexpression of constitutively active AMPK abolished IBOP-enhance protein synthesis in VSMCs. We conclude that TPr stimulation triggers reactive oxygen species–mediated LKB1-dependent AMPK activation, which in return inhibits cellular protein synthesis in VSMCs.
Faecal calprotectin as part of standardised assessment tool of suspected irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): a novel investigative algorithm
Authors: A. Ramadas, K. Datta, L. Sunderraj, B. Hawthorne
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There is enormous variability in the referral rates for IBS from GPs and this relates to patient and physician factors.1 IBS patients tend to wait longer for appointments and hence a standardised algorithm which includes faecal calprotectin (FC) might aid in the rapid assessment of IBS in secondary care. FC has been shown to consistently differentiate IBS from IBD because it has excellent negative predictive value in excluding organic pathology.2 <h3>Methods</h3> To assess the efficacy of diagnostic algorithm (using FC) for assessment of IBS in a pilot study using patients already referred to hospital GI clinics. Patients were included if the GP suspected IBS (age group 18–50),without alarm symptoms (weight loss, rectal bleeding etc) at time of referral. Initial assessment was in a nurse-led clinic using a standardised algorithm consisting of questionnaire and baseline investigations (FC, FBC, ESR, CRP, albumin, IgA and TTG). FC level &lt; 100 mcg/g was considered normal.3 4 week review was undertaken by a doctor and those with abnormal results were transferred to the GI clinic. 1-year assessment was undertaken on all study patients, reviewing final diagnosis and hospital visits. Clinical diagnosis by nurse and doctor before results of FC and blood tests were compared. Co-primary end-points were the positive predictive value (PPV) of the algorithm in diagnosing IBS and the added benefit of FC in excluding organic pathology. <h3>Results</h3> 54 patients were recruited and 51 attended the 4-week follow up. 49/54 (90%) had complete 1-year follow-up data. Reason for GP referral was 'uncertain diagnosis' in 37/54 (69%) and 'confirmation of IBS' in 17/54 (31%) patients. There was 95% concordance between nurse and doctor in the clinical diagnosis of IBS (blinded to blood results and FC) based on Rome criteria. 44/54 (81%) were diagnosed as IBS at 4-week review and none had evidence of organic pathology at 1 year. Non-IBS diagnosis 5/54 (9%) included 3 IBD and 2 Coeliacs. Median FC levels in the IBS and non-IBS groups were 19.5 and 1105 respectively (p=0.0001). Two patients in the IBS group were re-referred within 1-year (final diagnosis IBS). PPV of the algorithm in diagnosing IBS was 100% without FC, but FC clearly identified the IBD patients and a normal level (96% −ve predictive value) provided valuable reassurance. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This diagnostic algorithm is useful for a nurse-led clinic for assessment of suspected IBS referred to hospital, and FC measurements improve the diagnostic confidence of nurses and doctors, and removes the need for endoscopic investigation in patients under 50.
Cardiac arrest associated with ranitidine.
Authors: A. M. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1989)

since transurethral resection two weeks before.Is this appreciable reduction in morbidity?Certainly he did not have to stay long in hospital, but who is to say that the current operative technique is more agreeable than open prostatectomy-it is done by the same surgeons, registrars, and house officers with intact prostates, who assert that retrograde ejaculation elicits the same sensation as normal.And did one of them consider asking me whether I wanted another child before thev rendered mv husband infertile?Nomy consent was never sought.He was on the
Panel Discussion on Genetic and Environmental Factors in Human Hypertension
Authors: K. G. KOHLSTAEDT, M. MOSER, T. FRANCIS, J. NEEL, F. MOORE
Journal: Circulation (1958)

The high incidence of hypertension in the Negro in the West Indies and United States and the infrequency of the disease in the African Negro were the focal point of Dr. Moser's presentation. The coincidence of a high salt intake in the Bahama population which he studied was emphasized as a possible "lead" for further study. Dr. Francis emphasized the value of a longitudinal and complete epidemiologic study in uncovering etiologic factors in hypertension. A definition of hypertension should not be based on any arbitrary blood pressure, but frequency distribution curves for an entire population should be studied together with selective group characteristics which might lead to a definition of susceptibles. Then a follow-up program might be devised which would identify the factors involved in the appearance or progression of hypertensive disease in the susceptible individual or the mild case. From this standpoint the situation in the Bahamas, where the life history of the disease was telescoped into a shorter time span, seemed ideal. Dr. Neel emphasized the almost certain heterogeneity of the hypertensive trait, as proposed by Professor Pickering, and other difficulties in making genetic studies in this field: variations in blood pressure readings, effects of acquired diseases, and environmental influences such as the acculturation process at work in certain African populations. Prof. Moore reviewed the current surveys of the incidence of hypertension in certain populations. These support the concept of a continuous distribution of the blood pressure, of varying sex incidence depending on the age of the sample, and of a tendency to find an increase in the proportion of hypertensive subjects in older age groups. The failure of diastolic blood pressure to follow these patterns was an interesting and unexplained phenomenon. The value of longitudinal studies as in the Framingham survey, was demonstrated by the evidence of the reduced life expectancy which even mild degrees of hypertension imposed on the individual. In subsequent discussion, further information about blood pressure in East African populations was contributed by Drs. Perry and Grollman, and on blood pressure and dietary habits and diseases of Japanese, Eskimo, Central American, and Formosan populations were discussed by Drs. Kirkendall, Rodbard, Grollman, Stamler and Moser.