tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hysterical Sequelae of Injuries
Authors: P. D. Scott, P. Mallinson
Journal: BMJ (1944)

MEBRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2. If this does not bring about cessation of convulsive move- ments within a few minutes, intravenous sodium pentothal in 2.5% or 5%, solution (or hexobarbitone or sodium amytal) should be administered in addition to the inhalation therapy described above, and in a dosage adequate to control the convulsion.3. As soon as the convulsion is brought under control an intravenous infusion of glucose-saline (10% glucose in normal saline) should be started for the puirpose of promoting renal function and restoring the normal kidney mechanism of H-ion adjustment (that is, the elimination of excessive basic phosphates and bicarbonates via the urine).One litre of glucose-saline might well be given to an adult and 500 to 750 c.cm. to a child.Once the convulsion is under control the anaesth6tic and opera- tion may be continued, with the early termination of the latter always in mind.4. If facilities are available the patient's blood pH and/or the pH of the urine should be checked within an hour after the convulsion ceases, and CO2 and 02 inhalations should be given to the point of hyperpnoea or for 5 minutes every half-hour until such time as the blood pH is below 7.5 or an acid urine is being secreted.The reaction of the urine is not as accurate an indication of alkalaemia as the blood pH.5. Before the patient is returned to bed 2 to 3 dr. of ammo- nium chloride in six times that volume of water should be instilled by gastric tube into the stomach.6.As soon as the patient is able to swallQw he should be given cool drinks freely, but in small quantities at one time.The basis of the drinks should be physiological saline.Prior to this, rectal saline is indicated.7. The patient must be kept cool-if possible, in an air- conditioned room; or, failing that, an electric fan may be played on face and torso.8. If his temperature remains higher than 102°F.and the atmosphere is warm and possibly humid, a wet sheet may be placed on the patient's thorax and abdomen and a stream of air directed thereon from an electric fan.9.If his temperature is persistently higher than 102°F.and respiration continues to be rapid, cold 500 glucose-saline enemata may be administered in addition to the measures mentioned above.10.Inhalations of 5% CO2 and 95% 02 must be instituted on the first sign of any facial or other twitching. Summary and ConclusionsConvulsions occurring during the administration of general or local anaesthetic drugs are primarily due to interference with or inhibition of cerebral cell respiration.The interference or inhibition is usually caused by (i) frank anoxaemia; (ii) occult tissue anoxia due to alkalaemia and acapnia; or, as when local anaesthetic drugs are used, by (iii) the toxic action of the drugs inhibiting the oxidation-reduction enzymes of the tissues.The principal treatment is prophylactic.Emergency treatment is outlined.
Cluster of Legionnaires’ disease cases caused by Legionella longbeachae serogroup 1, Scotland, August to September 2013
Authors: A Potts, M Donaghy, M Marley, R Othieno, J Stevenson, J Hyland, K G Pollock, D Lindsay, G Edwards, M F Hanson, K O Helgason
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
DEFINING TRANSTHYRETIN AMYLOIDOSIS PHENOTYPES IN THAOS: THE TRANSTHYRETIN AMYLOIDOSIS SURVEY
Authors: Mathew S. Maurer, Violaine Planté-Bordeneuve, Teresa Coelho, Rajiv Mundayat, Onur Karayal, Claudio Rapezzi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Effect of Clofibrate on Blood Viscosity in Intermittent Claudication
Authors: J. A. Dormandy, J. M. C. Gutteridge, E. Hoare, T. L. Dormandy
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Sixty-two patients with intermittent claudication associated with peripheral arterial diseases were treated with clofibrate, 2 g daily, for a minimum of six months. Progress was compared with that in a similar pretreatment period and also with that of a matched untreated control group of 27 patients. The most striking effect of clofibrate was a steep and sustained fall in whole-blood viscosity measured over a wide range of shear rates. This was associated with a significant fall in abnormally raised initial plasma-fibrinogen levels. An increased proportion of patients on treatment showed evidence of clinical improvement. Clofibrate had no effect on the susceptibility of red blood cells to autoxidation but it led to a significant shift in the red cell fatty acid pattern.
Gefitinib Treatment in EGFR Mutated Caucasian NSCLC: Circulating-Free Tumor DNA as a Surrogate for Determination of EGFR Status
Authors: Jean-Yves Douillard, Gyula Ostoros, Manuel Cobo, Tudor Ciuleanu, Rebecca Cole, Gael McWalter, Jill Walker, Simon Dearden, Alan Webster, Tsveta Milenkova, Rose McCormack
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2014)

In the phase IV, open-label, single-arm study NCT01203917, first-line gefitinib 250 mg/d was effective and well tolerated in Caucasian patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (previously published). Here, we report EGFR mutation analyses of plasma-derived, circulating-free tumor DNA.
Effects of Long Term Administration of Carvedilol on Renal Haemodynamics and Functions in DOCA Salt-Induced Accelerated Hypertension of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Masakazu Kohno, Koh-ichi Murakawa, Mikio Okamura, Ken-ichi Yasunari, Koji Yokokawa, Takeshi Horio, Takatoshi Inoue, Tadanao Takeda
Journal: Drugs (1988)
Defined culture systems for pharmacological and toxicological studies
Authors: BARBARA A. GILCHREST
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Defined culture systems for pharmacological and toxicological studies Get access BARBARA A. GILCHREST BARBARA A. GILCHREST U.S.D.A. Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, 711 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s31, 1 August 1986, Pages 17–23, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02102.x Published: 01 August 1986
Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Atrial Septum
Authors: Mitsuru Noma, Yutaka Kikuchi
Journal: Circulation (1999)

chamber view of transthoracic echocardiogra- phy revealed abnormal thickening of atrial septum (arrow) in a 43-year-old Japanese woman with frequent atrial premature beats (A).MRI was obtained by the ECG-gated spin-echo technique.T1-weighted image of the heart demonstrated large fatty deposits (arrow) in the atrial septum, which have been referred to as lipomatous hypertrophy of the atrial septum (B).Lipomatous hypertrophy of the atrial septum has been reported to be a cause of atrial arrhythmias.Massive fatty deposits are seen not only in the atrial septum but also in other parts of the heart, such as atrial walls and epicardium (arrowheads).RA indicates right atrium; RV, right ventricle; LA, left atrium; and LV, left ventricle.
Immunogenicity in animals of a polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine against type III group B Streptococcus.
Authors: M R Wessels, L C Paoletti, D L Kasper, J L DiFabio, F Michon, K Holme, H J Jennings
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

The native capsular polysaccharide of type III group B Streptococcus elicits a specific antibody response in only 60% of nonimmune human subjects. To enhance the immunogenicity of this polysaccharide, we coupled the type III polysaccharide to tetanus toxoid. Prior to coupling, aldehyde groups were introduced on the polysaccharide by controlled periodate oxidation, resulting in the conversion of 25% of the sialic acid residues of the polysaccharide to residues of the 8-carbon analogue of sialic acid, 5-acetamido-3,5-dideoxy-D-galactosyloctulosonic acid. Tetanus toxoid was conjugated to the polysaccharide by reductive amination, via the free aldehyde groups present on the partially oxidized sialic acid residues. Rabbits vaccinated with the conjugate vaccine produced IgG antibodies that reacted with the native type III group B streptococcal polysaccharide (3/3 rabbits), while rabbits immunized with the unconjugated type III polysaccharide failed to respond (0/3 rabbits). Sera from animals receiving conjugate vaccine opsonized type III group B streptococci for phagocytic killing by human peripheral blood leukocytes, and protected mice against lethal challenge with live type III group B streptococci. The results suggest that this method of conjugation to a carrier protein may be a useful strategy to improve the immunogenicity of the type III group B Streptococcus polysaccharide in human subjects.
Mutagenic by-products from chlorination of humic acid.
Authors: J R Meier, H P Ringhand, W E Coleman, K M Schenck, J W Munch, R P Streicher, W H Kaylor, F C Kopfler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Chlorination of humic and fulvic acid results in the formation of direct-acting mutagenicity, detectable in the Salmonella/microsome assay (Ames test). This mutagenicity is being characterized as part of an overall effort aimed at evaluating potential health risks associated with the presence of mutagenic chemicals in drinking water. A number of chlorinated organic compounds, including several known mutagens, have been identified and quantified in diethyl ether extracts of chlorinated humic acid solutions. However, the total mutagenicity of these compounds accounts for only about 7% of the original mutagenicity. Synergistic or antagonistic interactions among the identified components have been ruled out as possible explanations for the failure to account for a higher percentage of the activity. Recent progress has been made to separate the activity into neutral and strong acid fractions. Further isolation of the strong acids by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has resulted in the purification of the mutagenicity into a major peak of activity with a specific mutagenicity of about 20,000 TA100 revertants per milligram. Several trichlorohydroxyfuranone isomers have been tentatively identified in this fraction. The contribution of these types of compounds to the mutagenicity of chlorinated humic acid is under investigation.
Myocardial protection by nitrite
Authors: J. W. Calvert, D. J. Lefer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

Nitrite has long been considered to be an inert oxidative metabolite of nitric oxide (NO). Recent work, however, has demonstrated that nitrite represents an important tissue storage form of NO that can be reduced to NO during ischaemic or hypoxic events. This exciting series of discoveries has created an entirely new field of research that involves the investigation of the molecular, biochemical, and physiological activities of nitrite under a variety of physiological and pathophysiological states. This has also led to a re-evaluation of the role that nitrite plays in health and disease. As a result there has been an interest in the use of nitrite as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of acute myocardial infarction. Nitrite therapy has now been studied in several animal models and has proven to be an effective means to reduce myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. This review article will provide a brief summary of the key findings that have led to the re-evaluation of nitrite and highlight the evidence supporting the cardioprotective actions of nitrite and also highlight the potential clinical application of nitrite therapy to cardiovascular diseases.
Toxic effects in C57B1/6 and DBA/2 mice following consumption of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon-contaminated Great Lakes coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum).
Authors: G B Cleland, J F Leatherland, R A Sonstegard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Diets containing coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch Walbaum) from the Pacific Ocean or from Lakes Erie, Michigan, and Ontario [containing a gradation from low to high of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, (HAHs)] were fed to C57B1/6 and DBA/2 mice. Following a 4-month dietary exposure to Lake Ontario salmon, both strains of mice demonstrated hepatomegaly. The ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (ERR) enzyme levels were elevated in livers of C57B1/6 mice fed diets of salmon from all of the Great Lakes studied, with exceptionally high levels detected in C57B1/6 mice fed Lake Ontario salmon. Induction of ERR enzyme levels was detected in DBA/2 mice only following dietary exposure to Lake Ontario salmon. Serum levels of L-thyroxine (T4) and triiodo-L-thryonine (T3) were suppressed in C57B1/6 mice following consumption of Lake Ontario coho salmon, but T3 and T4 levels remained unchanged in DBA/2 mice. In general, pathobiological effects correlated with both dietary HAH exposure level and Ah receptor status.
Cold Osteomyelitis Radionuclide Bone Scan Findings
Authors: BRUCE J. BARRON, RAMESH D. DHEKNE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Absence of Tc-99m MDP accumulation in bone may be due to various causes, including infection, infarction, neoplasm, foreign bodies, or artefacts (1,2). In our patient, absence of radionuclide was noted in the proximal metaphyseal region of his left tibia, along with increased activity distally. These findings were attributed to a "cold" osteomyelitis caused by pus beneath the periosteum. Initial x-rays were interpreted as normal, while subsequent films demonstrated gross abnormalities. Few cases of cold osteomyelitis have been reported.
Syndromic thrombocytopenia and predisposition to acute myelogenous leukemia caused by constitutional microdeletions on chromosome 21q
Authors: Marwan Shinawi, Ayelet Erez, Deborah L. Shardy, Brendan Lee, Rizwan Naeem, George Weissenberger, A. Craig Chinault, Sau Wai Cheung, Sharon E. Plon
Journal: Blood (2008)
Delirium should be included in guidelines and curriculums
Authors: Alasdair M J MacLullich, John M Starr, A Peter Passmore
Journal: BMJ (2007)

One critical factor in the underdiagnosis and undertreatment of delirium in the United Kingdom is likely to be its unsatisfactory coverage in core guidelines and curriculums.

Delirium is not mentioned in the draft guideline on acutely ill patients in hospital from the …
EXAMINATION OF EYES IN THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF BALTIMORE.
Authors: HERBERT HARLAN
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The control and management of the public schools of Baltimore is in the hands of a board of twenty-three commissioners, one being elected by the city council from each ward, and the mayor, ex-officio. The city council must appropriate all the funds used by the board. Early in the fall of 1895, a resolution was passed by this board to have the eyes of all children in the public schools examined by an oculist of recognized standing, provided such examination could be made without any expense. Later the matter was left in the hands of the committee on health, which committee was composed of three physicians. We were asked to consult with this committee as to what could best be done. As a result the following plan was adopted: First, to have the teachers instructed how to test the eyesight of all the children. Second, to have the eyes tested
Is There Evidence That Oral Hypoglycemic Agents Reduce Cardiovascular Morbidity/Mortality? Yes
Authors: Cristina Bianchi, Roberto Miccoli, Giuseppe Daniele, Giuseppe Penno, Stefano Del Prato
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

Athough type 2 diabetes is a heterogeneous condition encompassing multiple metabolic and vascular alterations, it can be easily described as a disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and increased cardiovascular (CV) risk. Hyperglycemia is the diagnostic criterion for diabetes, the target for antidiabetic therapy, and, together with A1C, the marker of glycemic control. Progressive worsening of glycemic control has been described in type 2 diabetic patients irrespective of initial form of treatment, leading the U.K. Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) investigators to describe such changes as the “natural history” of the disease (1). Still, maintaining good glycemic control is crucial, since it is associated with marked reduction in the risk of developing retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy in both type 1 (2) and type 2 diabetic patients (1). But it is CV disease that worsens long-term prognosis in type 2 diabetes (3), to the point that diabetes has been proposed as a CV risk equivalent owed to the observation that 10-year risk for major coronary events approximates the risk in CHD in patients without diabetes with previous CV events (4), increased case fatality rate after myocardial infarction, and worse overall prognosis after CHD (5). In diabetic patients, even after correction for known CV risk factors, the incidence of myocardial infarction or stroke is two- to threefold higher than in the nondiabetic population, with a twofold increase in risk of death (6), suggesting that some feature of diabetes must confer excessive propensity toward CV disease.

Can this feature be hyperglycemia? No better issue can be chosen for debate. From an epidemiological point of view, there is evidence that the risk of CV mortality increases with the increase of plasma glucose concentrations (7) and A1C values (8). Moreover, multiple atherogenic mechanisms have been identified that can be activated by hyperglycemia (9). In spite of evident …
Thrombolytic Agents in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: E Rapaport
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

IN this issue of the Journal, White and his colleagues1 report on a clinical trial in which 270 patients presenting with a first myocardial infarction were randomly assigned to receive intravenously either 1.5 million units of streptokinase or 100 mg of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Left ventricular function was evaluated by contrast ventriculography and revealed no difference in the global ejection fraction three weeks after the infarction. The patency rate of the infarct-related artery was 76 percent in the group receiving streptokinase and 75 percent in the group receiving rt-PA. No significant difference in mortality was observed.It . . .
Colonic Schwannoma Visualized on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Carolyn L. Wang, Amy M. Neville, Terence Z. Wong, Allison H. Hall, Erik K. Paulson, Rex C. Bentley
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Isolated colonic schwannomas are rare gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors; only a small number of cases have been reported. The incidence is 2% to 6% of all submucosal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. They are thought to be distinctive from conventional schwannomas that arise in soft tissue or the central nervous system. Although colonic schwannomas are considered benign, these lesions may demonstrate intense FDG avidity, which makes them indistinguishable from the more common potentially malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
Immunopathological studies on rosacea
Authors: E. NUNZI, A. REBORA, F. HAMERLINCK, R.H. CORMANE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1980)

Seven patients with papulo-pustular rosacea were investigated with immunofluorescence (IF) techniques. Indirect IF has been performed also with antibodies eluted from circulating lymphoid cells. Besides confirming the data in the literature on the positivity of the basal zone, anticollagen antibodies were found, and eluted antinuclear antibodies were detected against nuclei of cells in the epidermis and dermis, namely, scattered dermal, endothelial and eccrine duct cells.
Naturally occurring regulatory dendritic cells regulate murine cutaneous chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Kaori Sato, Kawori Eizumi, Tomohiro Fukaya, Shigeharu Fujita, Yumiko Sato, Hideaki Takagi, Mai Yamamoto, Naohide Yamashita, Atsushi Hijikata, Hiroshi Kitamura, Osamu Ohara, Sho Yamasaki, Takashi Saito, Katsuaki Sato
Journal: Blood (2009)
A Clinical Trial of the Effects of Dietary Patterns on Blood Pressure
Authors: Lawrence J. Appel, Thomas J. Moore, Eva Obarzanek, William M. Vollmer, Laura P. Svetkey, Frank M. Sacks, George A. Bray, Thomas M. Vogt, Jeffrey A. Cutler, Marlene M. Windhauser, Pao-Hwa Lin, Njeri Karanja, Denise Simons-Morton, Marjorie McCullough, Janis Swain, Priscilla Steele, Marguerite A. Evans, Edgar R. Miller, David W. Harsha
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

It is known that obesity, sodium intake, and alcohol consumption influence blood pressure. In this clinical trial, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, we assessed the effects of dietary patterns on blood pressure.
THE PRODUCTION OF PURPURA BY DERIVATIVES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: Louis A. Julianelle, Hobart A. Reimann
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

1. Pneumococcus extracts have been shown to be capable of producing hemorrhagic purpura in white mice, rabbits, and guinea pigs. 2. The purpura-producing principle resists heating to 100°C. for 10 minutes; it resists oxidation; it is filter-passing; its activity is destroyed by digestion with trypsin; it is obtained from pneumococcus extracts by full saturation with (NH4)2SO4, after the acetic acid-precipitable substances have been removed from the extracts. 3. The purpura-producing principle is common to all four types of pneumococcus and apparently bears no relation to virulence. 4. The purpura-producing principle is probably a degradation product of pneumococcus. 5. This principle is not associated with the hemotoxin of pneumococcus, since the hemolytic activity of an extract may be destroyed without effect on the ability to cause purpura.
IMMUNOFLUORESCENT STUDIES OF THE SKIN IN CRYGLOBULINAEMIC VASCULITIS
Authors: J. J. CREAM
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

SUMMARY.— Six patients with vasculitis and cryoglobulinaemia have been investigated. In all but 1 the cryoglobulins were of the mixed variety. On immunofluorescence of the acute vasculitis lesions deposits of immunoglobulins of the same classes as those found in the cryoglobulins were detected in 4 patients; other immunoglobulins not present in the cryoglobulin were additionally present in 2 of the 4 and no or only weak deposits were present in 2. Fibrin and complement were found in all. The pathogenesis of vasculitis in cryoglobulinaemia is discussed.
Women War Captives in Russia
Authors: R. F. A. Dean
Journal: BMJ (1949)

In August, 1948, 24 women who had recently been released from camps in Russia were admitted to one of the hos- pitals in the British zone of Germany which received returning prisoners of war in need of medical care.They were, on the whole, in very good clinical condition, and this seemed remarkable when considered in relation to the known or generally believed stories of hardships of life in Russia.It was therefore decided to obtain from some of the women careful and detailed accounts of their experiences.In order that the accounts might be comparable and more easily managed, a questionary was drawn up and was followed as closely as the women's talent for diversion allowed.The account now presented was put together from the replies received.So far as possible it is an exact record of the replies, and comment has been excluded.Six women, whose ages ranged from 21 to 37, were chosen for the questioning.They were all women who had come to the British zone as Ost-Fliichtlinge-that is, they no longer had any homes in any of the four German zones.They were questioned in complete privacy by a woman doctor who spoke German and English fluently, and they gave the accounts of their lives in Russia with perfect willingness and, so far as could be judged, without exaggeration of their hardships or pleasures.They appeared to be excellent witnesses, and their statements, made without hesitation and quite spontaneously, bore the ring of truth.The frequency with which they corroborated each other's stories was extraordinary.Two of the women (Margret and Ida) were, in fact, discovered to have been inmates of the same camp by the exactness of their descriptions of camp conditions.