tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Correlation of bone scintigraphy and histological findings in medial tibial syndrome
Authors: R Bhatt, I Lauder, D B Finlay, M J Allen, I P Belton
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2000)

Objective —To correlate bone scintigraphy and histopathological findings in patients with medial tibial syndrome. Methods —Twenty patients (32 limbs) with a clinical diagnosis of medial tibial syndrome had surgery. Bone scintigraphy before the operation was compared with the histological appearance of bone and periosteal specimens obtained at surgery. Results —Delayed bone scintigraphy showed normal appearance in 11 limbs, characteristic diffuse tubular pattern uptake in 16 limbs, and focal uptake in five. Periosteal histology disclosed fibrous thickening as the most common finding associated with increased vascularity, occasionally with chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, haemosiderin, and acid mucopolysaccharide deposition. Loss of osteocytes was the main finding of bone histology associated with some enlargement of lacunae and lamellar structure disruption. A grading system was used to score normal and abnormal histological appearance. For analysis the findings were regrouped to provide tables using Fisher's exact test. There was no correlation between bone scintigraphy and the histology of bone and periosteum, but two interesting observations were noted. Those cases with periosteal thickening had mostly normal bone scan appearance (p = 0.0028). Those cases with low levels of osteocyte loss had mostly abnormal bone scintigraphy. Conclusion —Abnormal histological appearance of bone and periosteum is a feature of medial tibial syndrome. These histological findings show poor correlation with bone scintigraphy. The exact pathogenesis of this syndrome remains unclear.
Effects of Low-dose Oral Contraceptives on Blood Coagulation
Authors: L. Poller, A. Tabiowo, J. M. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Previous human imaging studies manipulating attention or expectancy have identified the periaqueductal gray (PAG) as a key brainstem structure implicated in endogenous analgesia. However, animal studies indicate that PAG analgesia is mediated largely via caudal brainstem structures, such as the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM) and locus coeruleus (LC). To identify their involvement in endogenous analgesia, we used brainstem optimized, whole-brain imaging to record responses to concurrent thermal stimulation (left forearm) and visual attention tasks of titrated difficulty in 20 healthy subjects. The PAG, LC, and RVM were anatomically discriminated using a probabilistic atlas. Pain ratings disclosed the anticipated analgesic interaction between task difficulty and pain intensity (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Main effects of noxious thermal stimulation were observed across several brain regions, including operculoinsular, primary somatosensory, and cingulate cortices, whereas hard task difficulty was represented in anterior insular, parietal, and prefrontal cortices. Permutation testing within the brainstem nuclei revealed the following: main effects of task in dorsal PAG and right LC; and main effect of temperature in RVM and a task × temperature interaction in right LC. Intrasubject regression revealed a distributed network of supratentorial brain regions and the RVM whose activity was linearly related to pain intensity. Intersubject analgesia scores correlated to activity within a distinct region of the RVM alone. These results identify distinct roles for a brainstem triumvirate in attentional analgesia: with the PAG activated by attentional load; specific RVM regions showing pronociceptive and antinociceptive processes (in line with previous animal studies); and the LC showing lateralized activity during conflicting attentional demands. <b>SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT</b> Attention modulates pain intensity, and human studies have identified roles for a network of forebrain structures plus the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Animal data indicate that the PAG acts via caudal brainstem structures to control nociception. We investigated this issue within an attentional analgesia paradigm with brainstem-optimized fMRI and analysis using a probabilistic brainstem atlas. We find pain intensity encoding in several forebrain structures, including the insula and attentional activation of the PAG. Discrete regions of the rostral ventromedial medulla bidirectionally influence pain perception, and locus coeruleus activity mirrors the interaction between attention and nociception. This approach has enabled the resolution of contributions from a hub of key brainstem structures to endogenous analgesia.
Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy impairs daily functioning
Authors: Michael Groeneweg, Juan C. Quero, Ilone De Bruijn, Ieneke J.C. Hartmann, Marie-louise Essink-bot, Wim C.J Hop, Solko W. Schalm
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) is assumed to have a negative effect on patients’ daily functioning; therefore, treatment is recommended. However, no studies have been performed that document the clinical relevance of SHE. We performed a study in which the prevalence of SHE was determined in 179 outpatients with cirrhosis using two psychometric tests (Number Connection Test Part A [NCT-A] and the Digit Symbol Test [DGT]) and automated analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG). SHE was defined by the presence of at least one abnormal psychometric test and/or abnormal slowing of the EEG. The influence of cirrhosis and SHE on patients’ daily functioning was assessed using the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP) questionnaire. The distribution of SIP scores of the patients with cirrhosis differed from the reference scores of the general population. Patients with cirrhosis and SHE (n = 48) reported significantly more impairment in all 12 scales of the SIP, in the psychosocial subscore, the physical subscore, as well as in the total SIP score, compared with cirrhotic patients without SHE (n = 131). Multivariate analysis taking into account severity of liver disease (Child-Pugh score), presence of varices, and alcoholic etiology, showed that SHE independently was related to a diminished total SIP score. The reproducibility of the SIP was high when the test was repeated after a 3-month period. We conclude that SHE implies impaired daily functioning and warrants attempts at treatment.
Reversal of hepatocyte senescence after continuous<i>in vivo</i>cell proliferation
Authors: Min-Jun Wang, Fei Chen, Jian-Xiu Li, Chang-Cheng Liu, Hai-Bin Zhang, Yong Xia, Bing Yu, Pu You, Dao Xiang, Lian Lu, Hao Yao, Uyunbilig Borjigin, Guang-Shun Yang, Kirk J. Wangensteen, Zhi-Ying He, Xin Wang, Yi-Ping Hu
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

A better understanding of hepatocyte senescence could be used to treat age-dependent disease processes of the liver. Whether continuously proliferating hepatocytes could avoid or reverse senescence has not yet been fully elucidated. We confirmed that the livers of aged mice accumulated senescent and polyploid hepatocytes, which is associated with accumulation of DNA damage and activation of p53-p21 and p16(ink4a)-pRB pathways. Induction of multiple rounds continuous cell division is hard to apply in any animal model. Taking advantage of serial hepatocyte transplantation assays in the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase-deficient (Fah(-/-)) mouse, we studied the senescence of hepatocytes that had undergone continuous cell proliferation over a long time period, up to 12 rounds of serial transplantations. We demonstrated that the continuously proliferating hepatocytes avoided senescence and always maintained a youthful state. The reactivation of telomerase in hepatocytes after serial transplantation correlated with reversal of senescence. Moreover, senescent hepatocytes harvested from aged mice became rejuvenated upon serial transplantation, with full restoration of proliferative capacity. The same findings were also true for human hepatocytes. After serial transplantation, the high initial proportion of octoploid hepatocytes decreased to match the low level of youthful liver.These findings suggest that the hepatocyte "ploidy conveyer" is regulated differently during aging and regeneration. The findings of reversal of hepatocyte senescence could enable future studies on liver aging and cell therapy.
The Salvation of Humor
Authors: Barry Sternlieb
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic myeloid leukemia with an e13a3 BCR‐ABL fusion: Benign course responsive to imatinib with an RT‐PCR advisory
Authors: David S. Snyder, Ross McMahon, Sandra R. Cohen, Marilyn L. Slovak
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract A case of a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia whose cells expressed an e13a3 (b2a3) variant BCR‐ABL p210 mRNA is presented. The variant splice was detected by a qualitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction using primers complementary to BCR exon 13 (b2) and ABL exon 3 (a3). The patient responded well to imatinib and achieved a complete cytogenetic response. Am. J. Hematol. 75:92–95, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New Options for Diagnosis and Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy
Authors: Steven J. Ory
Journal: JAMA (1992)

The incidence of ectopic pregnancy has increased 4.5-fold in the United States since 1970. Several risk factors have contributed to this rate of increase, but the primary underlying cause remains undefined. Significant advances in the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy have occurred during this same interval as a consequence of an enhanced understanding of the natural course of the disease. Characteristic changes in human chorionic gonadotropin levels, ultrasound findings, and more frequent use of laparoscopy have contributed to earlier, more consistent diagnosis. Advances in treatment, including tubal-conserving operations, laparoscopic approaches, and medical treatment with methotrexate, have all proved to be safe and effective. The remaining principal challenge is to improve future fertility, which is often adversely affected by recurrence of an ectopic pregnancy.
FDA Pushes for Prescription Drug Information
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1995)

HEALTH CARE providers, including physicians, pharmacists, and private medical groups, have 5 more years to reach the goal of providing three fourths of their patients with adequate information about prescription drugs. If they don't, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will step in and make a patient education program mandatory. This warning was delivered by FDA Commissioner David A. Kessler, MD, at the 10th National Conference on Prescription Medicine Information and Education (NCPIE), held in Washington, DC, last month. "If during the next 5 years we reach this objective, we will know we are on the right track," Kessler said. The NCPIE was created 13 years ago for the express purpose of educating patients about the prescription medicines they are told to take. Kessler's challenge is the latest step in a 20-year effort to provide adequate information to patients about the drugs their physicians prescribe and the correct way to
Abstract A29: The Notch ligand Jagged2 promotes metastasis through a GATA3/miR-200 regulatory loop
Authors: Yanan Yang, Young-Ho Ahn, Don L. Gibbons, Yi Zang, Wei Lin, Nishan Thilaganthan, Daniel C. Moreira, Chad J. Creighton, Gregory J. Goodall, Jonathan M. Kurie
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Metastatic disease originates from populations of tumor cells that have the propensity to undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), but the signals that initiate EMT in these cells have not been fully defined. Here we addressed this question in mice that develop metastatic lung adenocarcinoma owing to expression of mutant K-ras and p53. We found that metastases arose from a population of tumor cells that had high expression of Notch ligands. Jagged2 promoted EMT by a Notch-dependent suppression of microRNA-200 (miR-200), a family of miRs that negatively regulates ZEB transcriptional repressors. We identified an upstream miR-200 promoter element that is a direct target for GATA3 and, reciprocally, GATA3 mRNA sequences that are direct targets for miR-200, indicating that a double-negative feedback loop tightly controls the levels of GATA3 and miR200. Abrogating miR-200 suppression through knockdown of JAG2 or GATA3 blocked metastasis. In conclusion, Notch promotes metastasis by activating a GATA3/miR-200 regulatory loop. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):A29.
" La Grippe " as a Bacterial Disease.
Authors: H. C. Markham
Journal: JAMA (1890)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Doubtless few now living will again have opportunity to observe so typical an illustration of the behavior of " germs " as a pathogenetic factor, as now exists in the prevailing epidemic of so-called "la grippe." The symptoms are notably consistent with its accredited cause, and with those of other familiar diseases of its class. Its fidelity of expression through the<i>mucous</i>surfaces is only equaled by its thoroughness in omitting no part of the same. In observing its selection of the lachrymal, nasal, pulmonary, gastric and intestinal surfaces, the writer looked not elsewhere for effects, until the<i>fourth</i>instance of severe (in one grave) aural implications and abscess clearly proved its identity in<i>this</i>locality. It appears, that nothing shall be lacking in this disease, to impress all doubters with its genuine parentage. Age, sex, condition, occupation, locality, diathesis, are all and equally its subjects. As judged by
Hypoglycemia Due to Surreptitious Injection of Insulin: Identification of Insulin Species by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Burce D Given, Diane M Ostrega, Kenneth S Polonsky, David Baldwin, Richard I Kelley, Arthur H Rubenstein
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective To identify the circulating species of insulin after separation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in patients with factitious hypoglycemia. Research Design and Methods In three of four patients presented, the diagnosis of surreptitious insulin injection was made by documenting the presence of animal insulin in the circulation after separation of the circulating insulin forms by HPLC. Results Animal insulin was identified. Conclusions Thus, the identification of the circulating form of insulin in the circulation by HPLC may be a useful adjunct in the diagnosis of factitious hypoglycemia if animal insulin has been injected and if the simultaneously measured concentrations of insulin and C-peptide are inconclusive.
Palliative care is "neglected" worldwide, report says
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Every year, tens of millions of people around the world with life threatening illnesses suffer unnecessarily from severe pain and other debilitating symptoms because they lack access to palliative care, says a report by Human Rights Watch.

Although the World Health Organization considers palliative care an integral component of cancer care and has urged countries to improve its availability, “too often palliative care continues to be the neglected child of the healthcare family, receiving low priority from health policy makers and healthcare professionals and almost no funding.”

Fifty years ago, the world community adopted the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, …
THE HEPARIN TOLERANCE TEST IN LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS.
Authors: PETER BORRIE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1951)

Journal Article THE HEPARIN TOLERANCE TEST IN LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS. Get access PETER BORRIE, M.B.Cantab., M.R.C.P. PETER BORRIE, M.B.Cantab., M.R.C.P. Chief Assistant, Skin Department, St. Bartholomew's Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 63, Issue 1, 1 January 1951, Pages 21–27, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1951.tb13664.x Published: 01 January 1951
PROTECTING THE EYES IN INFLUENZA EPIDEMICS
Authors: H. W. Hill
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The use of an efficient mask to cover nose and mouth has been thoroughly well exploited. Notes are beginning to come in now of nurses and others contracting influenza despite the use of masks and washing of hands. The fact that the eyes are exposed to mouth spray has been generally overlooked, and little reference, if any, has been made to the necessity of wearing some protection for the eyes. It is obvious that the eyes may be directly infected, or that the organisms falling on the eyes may be carried by the tear ducts to the nose, and therefore to the throat and mouth. I have seen an instance in which diphtheria was contracted by a most careful physician who wore a mask and washed his hands, the fact being that the patient from whom he was taking a culture coughed directly into his eyes. He
Bivalent promoter marks and a latent enhancer may prime the leukaemia oncogene LMO1 for ectopic expression in T-cell leukaemia
Authors: S H Oram, J Thoms, J I Sive, F J Calero-Nieto, S J Kinston, J Schütte, K Knezevic, R B Lock, J E Pimanda, B Göttgens
Journal: Leukemia (2013)

LMO1 is a transcriptional regulator and a T-acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) oncogene. Although first identified in association with a chromosomal translocation in T-ALL, the ectopic expression of LMO1 occurs far more frequently in the absence of any known mutation involving its locus. Given that LMO1 is barely expressed in any haematopoietic lineage, and activation of transcriptional drivers in leukaemic cells is not well described, we investigated the regulation of this gene in normal haematopoietic and leukaemic cells. We show that LMO1 has two promoters that drive reporter gene expression in transgenic mice to neural tissues known to express endogenous LMO1. The LMO1 promoters display bivalent histone marks in multiple blood lineages including T-cells, and a 3' flanking region at LMO1 +57 contains a transcriptional enhancer that is active in developing blood cells in transgenic mouse embryos. The LMO1 promoters become activated in T-ALL together with the 3' enhancer, which is bound in primary T-ALL cells by SCL/TAL1 and GATA3. Taken together, our results show that LMO1 is poised for expression in normal progenitors, where activation of SCL/TAL1 together with a breakdown of epigenetic repression of LMO1 regulatory elements induces ectopic LMO1 expression that contributes to the development and maintenance of T-ALL.
The Relationship of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen to the Stage of the Disease in Patients with Carcinoma of the Colon.
Authors: Martin S. Kleinman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972The Relationship of Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen to the Stage of the Disease in Patients with Carcinoma of the Colon.Martin S. Kleinman, M.D., F.A.C.P., Michael D. Turner, M.D.Martin S. Kleinman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Michael D. Turner, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-860_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA radioimmunoassay system was developed for the carcinoembryonic antigen of the digestive tract, using a highly purified radioactive antigen. This was used for the assay of serum specimens from 105 patients. Fourteen normal control subjects had a mean serum carcinoembryonic antigen of 1.6 ng/ml. In forty-three patients with proved cancer of the rectum or colon it was possible to classify the state of the disease by a modification of the classification proposed by Dukes. The mean serum carcinoembryonic antigen in these 43 patients was 11.2 ng/ml. Of the 43 patients, 10 were classified as stage A, 8 as stage B,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Martin S. Kleinman, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Michael D. Turner, M.D.Affiliations: Rochester, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCarcino-embryonic antigen assay in breast and bronchus cancers 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 860-860KeywordsAntigensCarcinoembryonic antigenColonGastrointestinal tractRadioimmunoassaysRectal cancer ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
Handbook of Aging and the Social Sciences
Authors: Michael M. Stewart
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Physicians whose interests in health problems of the elderly extend beyond the clinical specialty of geriatrics and into the broader interdisciplinary aspects of social gerontology should greet this new handbook with choruses of praise. As a companion volume to the Handbook of the Biology of Aging and the Handbook of the Psychology of Aging (all recently published under the guidance of a single project-advisory board with James E. Birren as editor-in-chief), this is a work of singular breadth, depth, clarity, and incisiveness. One of its distinguishing features is an extensive bibliography of previous work in the field of aging, with excellent subject and author indexes.  Thirty-two contributors from a variety of disciplines have assembled 25 chapters that, as stated in the preface, are designed as a compendium of what is now known about the social aspects of aging and of suggested central issues for further research. In general there is