tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection of DNA methylation in inflammatory breast tumors by a multiplex nested methylation-specific PCR
Authors: Ilse Van der Auwera, Sandra Van den Bosch, Steven Van Laere, Gert Van den Eynden, Peter van Dam, Cecile Colpaert, Manon Van Engeland, Peter Vermeulen, Luc Dirix, Eric Van Marck
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

2859    Introduction.  Hypermethylation of gene promoters is a common mechanism of loss of gene function in cancer cells. Thus far, no data on epigenetic alterations in human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) are available. Microarray studies have shown that IBC is characterized by a distinct gene expression profile when compared to non-IBC. In this study, we sought to determine whether the profiles of gene hypermethylation differ between IBC and non-IBC. To this purpose, a multiplex nested methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was used, which allows the simultaneous analysis of multiple gene promoters. A total of 10 genes for which evidence exists for involvement of methylation in breast carcinogenesis were selected.   Methods.  The SLµCut system (MMI) was used for laser capture microdissection of paraffin-embedded tissues. 10-µm-thick sections from 10 patients with IBC and 12 patients with non-IBC were used. Genomic DNA from the microdissected tissue was extracted with the QIAamp DNA Micro Kit (Qiagen) and treated with sodium bisulfite using the EZ DNA Methylation Kit (Zymo Research). The methylation status of the promoter regions of APC, E-cadherin, H-cadherin, thrombospondin, DAPK, FHIT, GSTP1, p16, RASSF1A and BRCA1 were investigated using a multiplex nested MSP method. DNA isolated from normal peripheral lymphocytes from healthy individuals served as a negative methylation control.  In vitro  methylated DNA served as the positive methylation control. MSP products were analyzed on agarose gel electrophoresis, and were determined to have methylation if a visible band was observed in the methylation reaction.   Results.  A minimum tissue area of 6mm 2  was microdissected from each sample. The average DNA yield was 762 nanograms. Methylation of the APC gene promoter was observed in 33.3% (4/12) of non-IBC samples and 70% (7 /10) of IBC samples. Methylation of the BRCA1 gene promoter was observed in 16.7% (2/12) of non-IBC samples and 30% (3/10) of IBC samples. Methylation of the DAPK gene promoter was observed in 16.7% (2/12) of non-IBC samples and 10% (1/10) of IBC samples. Methylation of the RASSF1A gene promoter was observed in 75% (9/12) of non-IBC samples and 80% (8/10) of IBC samples. No methylation of the E-cadherin gene promoter was observed in non-IBC samples nor in IBC samples.   Conclusions.  In this study, the multiplex nested MSP approach, originally developed by Palmisano et al. (2000), was proven to be very suitable for the detection of methylation in samples harboring small amounts of poor quality DNA. In the near future, the methylation status of the other genes will be determined. Furthermore, the study population will be enlarged.
Organic and Bio-Chemistry
Authors: R. H. A. Plimmer
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Prevention of food allergy
Authors: George du Toit, Teresa Tsakok, Simon Lack, Gideon Lack
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2016)

The past few decades have witnessed an increase in the prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergy (FA). For prevention strategies to be effective, we need to understand the causative factors underpinning this rise. Genetic factors are clearly important in the development of FA, but given the dramatic increase in prevalence over a short period of human evolution, it is unlikely that FA arises through germline genetic changes alone. A plausible hypothesis is that 1 or more environmental exposures, or lack thereof, induce epigenetic changes that result in interruption of the default immunologic state of tolerance. Strategies for the prevention of FA might include primary prevention, which seeks to prevent the onset of IgE sensitization; secondary prevention, which seeks to interrupt the development of FA in IgE-sensitized children; and tertiary prevention, which seeks to reduce the expression of end-organ allergic disease in children with established FA. This review emphasizes the prevention of IgE-mediated FA through dietary manipulation, among other strategies; in particular, we focus on recent interventional studies in this field.
Six-Month Outcome in Patients With Myocardial Infarction Initially Admitted to Tertiary and Nontertiary Hospitals fn1fn1This project was funded by Grant 92/0009 from the Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid and by Grant CIRIT/SGR 9500167 from the Generalitat de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain.fn2fn2To discuss this article on-line, visit the ACC Home Page at www.acc.org/membersand click on the JACC Forum
Authors: Jaume Marrugat, Ginés Sanz, Rafel Masiá, Vicente Valle, Lluis Molina, Maria Cardona, Joan Sala, Lluis Serés, Lluis Szescielinski, Xavier Albert, Josep Lupón, Jordi Alonso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
ACC expert consensus document on ethical coding and billing practices for cardiovascular medicine specialists11“Ethical Coding and Billing Practices for Cardiovascular Medicine Specialists” was approved by the American College of Cardiology Board of Trustees on October 24, 1998.
Authors: James C Blankenship, Timothy M Bateman, David E Haines, Alan S Pearlman, Mark H Schoenfeld, Carin J Sigel, Michael J Wolk, Douglas L Wood, James S Forrester, Pamela S Douglas, David P Faxon, John D Fisher, Raymond J Gibbons, Jonathan L Halperin, Judith S Hochman, Adolph M Hutter, Sanjiv Kaul, William S Weintraub, William L Winters, Michael J Wolk
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
译后评论：英国国家医疗卫生服务体系“投资缩减”策略解读
Authors: 张拓红
Journal: BMJ (2010)

英国国家医疗卫生服务体系（NHS）制度建立于1948年，它的显著特征就是基于政府税收筹资的全民医疗保障，由政府管理和运营卫生服务。这个运行模式建立在“福利国家”的理念上，被称为“国家卫生服务制”，与法、德等国主要依靠社会筹资的“社会医疗保险”形成对比，国家投资占据了卫生服务的绝大部分份额。
Not at the expense of osteoporosis care
Authors: Jonathan Bayly, Tahir Masud
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Jarvinen et al remind us that falls assessment is too often ignored in people at high risk of fractures.1 However, we believe that falls assessment and prevention must be in addition to, and not at the expense of, osteoporosis treatment. The British Orthopaedic Association advocates a dual approach to fracture prevention,2 and indicators supporting both have been submitted …
Abstract 45: Reexamination of a Clinical Decision Rule to Discontinue Resuscitation During In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Daniel N Bennett, Rodney A Hayward, Steven M Bradley, Brahmajee K Nallamothu, Stephanie E Moser, Paul S Chan, Zachary D Goldberger
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Several clinical decision rules have been developed to help practitioners avoid futile resuscitative efforts after in-hospital cardiac arrests (IHCA). One parsimonious decision rule, developed and validated by van Walraven and colleagues (Arch Int Med, 1999; JAMA 2001) was highly predictive of survival to discharge after IHCA in a small sample. However, it’s large-scale applicability remains unknown. Hypothesis: The model will continue to perform well in the context of a diverse population and among contemporary hospitals. Methods: We examined the model’s sensitivity and specificity for predicting survival to discharge after IHCA in 75,272 patients from 372 US hospitals within the Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry. The model defines a chance of survival if the arrest met any one of the following three conditions: 1) was witnessed or monitored, 2) initial rhythm was ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation, or 3) was less than 10 minutes in duration. We compared observed...
Genomic ancestry and somatic alterations correlate with age at diagnosis in Hispanic children with B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kyle M. Walsh, Adam J. de Smith, Tara C. Welch, Ivan Smirnov, Marc J. Cunningham, Xiaomei Ma, Anand P. Chokkalingam, Gary V. Dahl, William Roberts, Lisa F. Barcellos, Patricia A. Buffler, Catherine Metayer, Joseph L. Wiemels
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Hispanic children have a higher incidence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) than non‐Hispanic whites but tend to be diagnosed at older ages. In genome‐wide association studies, Native American ancestry and polymorphisms in six genes have been associated with ALL risk. In multivariable regression models, we investigated whether genomic ancestry, inherited risk SNPs, or acquired somatic alterations were associated with differences in age at diagnosis in Hispanic children with B‐cell ALL. Genome‐wide array data were used to estimate each participant's percent membership in the three Hispanic ancestral populations: Native American, African, and European. Each 20% increase in European ancestry was associated with a six month younger age at diagnosis (95% CI = 0.36–11.6 months, P = 0.037). Correspondingly, each 20% increase in Native American ancestry was associated with a six‐month older age at diagnosis ( P = 0.037). Both the TEL‐AML1 translocation and high‐hyperdiploidy were associated with younger age at diagnosis (24.4 months, P = 2.0 x 10 −4 and 12.4 months, P = 0.011, respectively), while CDKN2A and IKZF1 deletions were associated with older age at diagnosis (19.7 months, P = 7.0 x 10 −4 and 18.1 months, P = 0.012, respectively). No associations with age at diagnosis were observed for RAS mutation, PAX5 deletion or for known heritable risk alleles in IKZF1 , CDKN2A , PIP4K2A , GATA3 , ARID5B, or CEBPE . Because younger age at diagnosis is associated with improved treatment outcomes for children with ALL, the effect of European ancestry on ALL survival may be mediated by its effect on age at diagnosis, or by proxy, its association with more treatable molecular subtypes of ALL. Am. J. Hematol. 89:721–725, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abstract 20539: Frailty Assessment in Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Sampath Gunda, Faraj Kargoli, Kevin Gentile, Jooyoung J Shin, Snehal R Patel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: There is growing literature supporting the significance of frailty in a broad array of cardiovascular diseases. To our knowledge, there are no studies specifically examining the application of frailty assessment to an advanced heart failure population. Methods: Forty consecutive elderly (&gt;65 yrs of age) subjects were enrolled from the heart failure clinic at Montefiore Medical Center, if they had advanced heart failure as defined by: LVEF &lt; 35%, NYHA Class 3 or 4, and a 6 minute walk (6mwt) &lt; 300 meters. At baseline, subjects were assessed for frailty with the Fried Frailty Index, which consists of 5 components: hand grip strength (HGS), 15 meter walk time (WT), weight loss, low physical activity and exhaustion. Each component is assigned a score of 0 or 1 and summed for the total score: 0 = not frail, 1-2 = intermediately frail, ≥3 = frail. Subjects were prospectively followed at 3 month intervals for mortality or heart failure related hospitalizations. Results: Follow-up was available for 38 subjects at a median length of 437 days (range: 12-549). At baseline, the mean age of the cohort was 74±7 yrs, LVEF 27±7%, and 6mwt 189±80m. None of the patients tested were not frail, 32% (12) were intermediately frail, and 68% (26) were frail. More patients in the frail group (N=7) expired during follow up then those in the intermediately frail group (N=1) although this did not reach statistically significance (Figure; 1). Since there was a limited spectrum of frailty in this cohort, HGS and WT were assessed as continuous measures for association with outcomes. Both objective tools demonstrated a strong trend towards mortality (p=0.08). There was no association between the composite or individual score and hospitalizations. Conclusions: In this pilot study of frailty assessment in advanced heart failure, the objective tools of WT and HGS tended to be associated with mortality. These preliminary results warrant further investigation.
Soybean oil is not allergenic to soybean-allergic individuals*1
Authors: S.L. Taylor, J.A. Nordlee, S.H. Sicherer, H.A. Sampson, M.B. Levy, H. Steinman, R.K. Bush, P. Vadas, S.L. Hefle, F. Rancé
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Epitome of the History of Medicine.
Authors: Roswell Park
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sleeping sickness re-emerges in Africa after years of civil war.
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Researchers have warned that sleeping sickness has returned to alarming levels in parts of Africa.

Sixty million people are considered to be at risk, but less than 5% are under active surveillance, according to reports in the journal Tropical Medicine and International Health (2001;65: 330-361).

Southern Sudan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Angola are reported to be among the …
HEMOCHROMATOSIS: REPORT OF A CASE IN WHICH TUBERCULOUS PERITONITIS WAS A COMPLICATION
Authors: Carl G. Morlock
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1940)

Case Reports1 June 1940HEMOCHROMATOSIS: REPORT OF A CASE IN WHICH TUBERCULOUS PERITONITIS WAS A COMPLICATIONCARL G. MORLOCK, M.D., F.A.C.P.CARL G. MORLOCK, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-13-12-2341 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptHemochromatosis is a disease of infrequent occurrence. Sheldon, in 1935, accepted a total of 311 reported cases as genuine. Butt and Wilder have added 30 cases which were observed at The Mayo Clinic in 15 years. Stewart emphasized the rarity of the disease by showing that its incidence was 0.136 per cent in the necropsies performed in the British hospitals. Althausen and Kerr determined that the incidence of the disease varied from 0.003 per cent among 106,000 patients who were admitted to Johns Hopkins Hospital to 0.005 per cent among 60,000 patients who were admitted to the University of California...References1. ALTHAUSENKERR TLWJ: Hemochromatosis: a report of three cases with results of insulin therapy in one case, Endocrinology, 1927, xi, 377-422. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. BUTTWILDER HRRM: Hemochromatosis: a report of 30 cases diagnosed during life, Proc. Staff Meet., Mayo Clin., 1937, xii, 625-627. Google Scholar3. DRY TJ: Hemochromatosis: its relation to the metabolism of iron and copper, Minnesota Med., 1934, xvii, 301-312. Google Scholar4. EUSTERMAN GB: Recurrent gastric ulcer and associated gastrojejunal ulcer in the presence of constant gastric anacidity: hemochromatosis, Med. Clin. North Am., 1928, xi, 1376-1382. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, Minnesota*Received for publication November 14, 1938. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHemochromatosis and transfusional hemosiderosisPHLEBOTOMY FOR HÆMOCHROMATOSIS EFFECT OF REMOVING 52 PINTS OF BLOOD IN SIXTEEN MONTHS 1 June 1940Volume 13, Issue 12Page: 2341-2346KeywordsHemochromatosisPeritonitis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1940 PDF downloadLoading ...
Overexpressed human hexokinase II gene increases cell proliferation and survival in HCCs.
Authors: Keunjae Ahn, Mijin Yun, Jong Doo Lee
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

A12   The mammalian hexokinase (HK) family includes three closely related 100-kDa isoforms (HKI-III) that are thought to have arisen from a common 50-kDa precursor by gene duplication and tandem ligation. Previous studies of glucose metabolism, HKI and HKII are believed to play a role in regulating cell death. In addition the levels of HKI and HKII are markedly elevated in many cancer cells, suggesting that their overexpression may play a role in dysregulated growth. To test the hypothesis that HKII overexpression increases cell proliferation and survival, full length HKII and truncate form lacking the first 18 amino acids at the N-terminal (Δ18) of HK II was expressed in Human hepatocellular carcinoma SNU-449 cells and normal parenchymal Chang liver cells.  Overexpression of full length HKII showed markedly elevated proliferation in HCCs compared to control group. Furthermore, the truncated form does not show much difference from HKII, and showed increased cell proliferation. Normal cells in contrast, showed that HKII overexpression resulted in a decrease in cell proliferation, and truncated form showed no difference from control group. Also, after treatment with anti-cancer drugs doxorubicin and cisplatin, the MTT assay results showed that in SNU-449 cells, HKII, Δ18 cells both showed higher cell survival compared to control groups. In Chang liver cells, Δ18 cell showed higher cell survival compared to control or HKII overexpression cells.These results suggest that HKII plays a crucial role in tumorigenesis. Also, this study could explain why cancer cells favor HKII more than other HK subtypes. HK II with catalytic activity in both terminals may be beneficial for cancers to have efficient glycolysis to meet their high metabolic demands.
Abstract 20433: Prospective Peer Review Prior to Very-High-Risk Cardiac Surgery Improves In-Hospital Survival
Authors: Anthony C DeFranco, Paul Werner, Francis X Downey, Thomas Barragry, Michael Savitt, Leonard Kleinman, John Crouch, David C Kress, Daniel O'Hair, Monica McDonald, Diane Penzkowski, Mia Stone, Mary Farrington, Alfred J Anderson, Rob Dwyer, Salim Shammo, Robert Ninneman, Suhail Allaqaband, Tanvir Bajwa, Masood Akhtar
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Quality improvement programs often improve outcome measures to national benchmark; however, their effectiveness to improve beyond national standards is less well established. We studi...
Chaperon and Adjuvant Activity of hsp70: Different Natural Killer Requirement for Cross-Priming of Chaperoned and Bystander Antigens
Authors: Chiara Massa, Cecilia Melani, Mario P. Colombo
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Heat shock proteins (HSP) convey both chaperoned propeptide and danger signal to dendritic cells (DC). However, few studies have compared the two activities. Using a murine inducible hsp70 secreted by cells distinct from those providing the tumor antigens, we showed that hsp70 exerts efficacious adjuvant effects toward DC cross-priming. Hsp70 induces DC maturation and phagocytosis of cellular debris both in vitro and in vivo, which are conducive to CTL response to chaperoned and nonchaperoned antigens. Whereas the ability of hsp70 to induce cross-presentation of chaperoned peptides is natural killer (NK) independent, the adjuvant activity requires NK cells at the site of DC-hsp70 interaction to induce CTL response and therapeutic effect against lung metastases. However, although bystander activity provides equal CTL induction, the best therapeutic efficacy rests on cell vaccine secreting hsp70 that combines chaperoned antigen and danger signal within the same cell.
ACE2 Therapy Using Adeno-associated Viral Vector Inhibits Liver Fibrosis in Mice
Authors: Kai Y Mak, Ruth Chin, Sharon C Cunningham, Miriam R Habib, Joseph Torresi, Alexandra F Sharland, Ian E Alexander, Peter W Angus, Chandana B Herath
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) which breaks down profibrotic peptide angiotensin II to antifibrotic peptide angiotensin-(1-7) is a potential therapeutic target in liver fibrosis. We therefore investigated the long-term therapeutic effect of recombinant ACE2 using a liver-specific adeno-associated viral genome 2 serotype 8 vector (rAAV2/8-ACE2) with a liver-specific promoter in three murine models of chronic liver disease, including carbon tetrachloride-induced toxic injury, bile duct ligation-induced cholestatic injury, and methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced steatotic injury. A single injection of rAAV2/8-ACE2 was administered after liver disease has established. Hepatic fibrosis, gene and protein expression, and the mechanisms that rAAV2/8-ACE2 therapy associated reduction in liver fibrosis were analyzed. Compared with control group, rAAV2/8-ACE2 therapy produced rapid and sustained upregulation of hepatic ACE2, resulting in a profound reduction in fibrosis and profibrotic markers in all diseased models. These changes were accompanied by reduction in hepatic angiotensin II levels with concomitant increases in hepatic angiotensin-(1-7) levels, resulting in significant reductions of NADPH oxidase assembly, oxidative stress and ERK1/2 and p38 phosphorylation. Moreover, rAAV2/8-ACE2 therapy normalized increased intrahepatic vascular tone in fibrotic livers. We conclude that rAAV2/8-ACE2 is an effective liver-targeted, long-term therapy for liver fibrosis and its complications without producing unwanted systemic effects.