tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14900: Clinical Outcomes of Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) for Stable Angina at Hospital With or Without Onsite Cardiac Surgery Backup
Authors: Tomonori Akasaka, Seiji Hokimoto, Noriaki Tabata, Kenji Sakamoto, Kenichi Tsujita, Sunao Kojima, Koichi Kaikita, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Based on 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI PCI guidelines, it is recommended that PCI should be performed at hospital with onsite cardiac surgery. But, recent foreign data suggests that there is no significant difference in clinical outcomes following primary and elective PCI between hospitals with and without onsite cardiac surgery. The proportion of PCI centers without onsite cardiac surgery comprises approximately more than half of all PCI centers in Japan. We examined the impact of with or without onsite cardiac surgery on clinical outcomes following elective PCI for stable angina.   Methods:  From Aug 2008 to March 2011, subjects (n=3931) were enrolled from the Kumamoto Intervention Conference Study (KICS), which is a multicenter registry, and enrolling consecutive patients undergoing PCI in 15 centers in Japan. Patients were assigned to two groups treated in hospitals with (n=3455) or without (n=476) onsite cardiac surgery. Clinical events were followed up for 12 months. Primary endpoint was in-hospital death, cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and stroke. And we monitored non-cardiovascular deaths, bleeding complications, revascularizations, and emergent CABG.   Results:  There was no overall significant difference in the primary endpoint between hospitals with and without onsite cardiac surgery (2.1%vs2.7%; P=0.363). There was also no significant difference when events in primary endpoint were considered separately. In other events, only revascularization was more frequently seen in hospitals with onsite surgery (15.0%vs9.5%; P=0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis for the primary endpoint showed that there was no significant difference between two groups (Log Rank P=0.419). By cox hazards model analysis for the primary endpoint, without onsite cardiac surgery was not a predictive factor for primary endpoint (HR 1.275, 95%CI 0.706-2.302; P=0.420). We performed propensity score matching analysis to correct for the disparate patient numbers between two groups, and there was also no significant difference for primary endpoint (1.8% vs 2.7%; P=0.315).   Conclusions:  The overall cardiovascular event following elective PCI for stable angina is not statistically difference in hospitals with or without onsite cardiac surgery.
Primary and secondary cutaneous CD30+lymphoproliferative disorders: a report from the Dutch Cutaneous Lymphoma Group on the long-term follow-up data of 219 patients and guidelines for diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Marcel W. Bekkenk, Françoise A. M. J. Geelen, Pieter C. van Voorst Vader, F. Heule, Marie-Louise Geerts, Willem A. van Vloten, Chris J. L. M. Meijer, Rein Willemze
Journal: Blood (2000)
Responding to Patient Requests for Physician-Assisted Suicide
Authors: Paul Menzel
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cardiovascular and pulmonary adverse events in patients treated with <i><scp>BCR</scp>‐<scp>ABL</scp></i> inhibitors: Data from the <scp>FDA</scp> Adverse Event Reporting System
Authors: Jorge Cortes, Michael Mauro, Juan Luis Steegmann, Giuseppe Saglio, Rachpal Malhotra, Jon A. Ukropec, Nicola T. Wallis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Rare but serious cardiovascular and pulmonary adverse events ( AEs ) have been reported in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia treated with BCR‐ABL inhibitors. Clinical trial data may not reflect the full AE profile of BCR‐ABL inhibitors because of stringent study entry criteria, relatively small sample size, and limited duration of follow‐up. To determine the utility of the FDA AE Reporting System (FAERS) surveillance database for identifying AEs possibly associated with the BCR‐ABL inhibitors imatinib, dasatinib, and nilotinib in the postmarketing patient population, we conducted Multi‐Item Gamma Poisson Shrinker disproportionality analyses of FAERS reports on AEs in relevant system organ classes. Signals consistent with the known safety profiles of these agents as well as signals for less well‐described AEs were detected. Bone marrow necrosis, conjunctival hemorrhage, and peritoneal fluid retention events were uniquely associated with imatinib. AEs that most commonly reached the threshold for dasatinib consisted of terms relating to hemorrhage and fluid retention, including pleural effusion and pericardial effusion. Most terms that reached the threshold solely with nilotinib were related to peripheral and cardiac vascular events. Although this type of analysis cannot determine AE incidence or establish causality, these findings elucidate the AEs reported in patients treated with BCR‐ABL inhibitors across multiple clinical trials and in the community setting for all approved and nonapproved indications, suggesting drug‐AE associations warrant further investigation. These findings emphasize the need to consider patient comorbidities when selecting amongst BCR‐ABL inhibitors. Am. J. Hematol. 90:E66–E72, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Health Promotion: Philosophy, Prejudice and Practice
Authors: J. Sy
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

Incisively written, this new edition of a popular guide first published in 1996 slices through the rhetoric of health promotion. Its penetrating analysis quickly reveals health promotion's conceptual roots, providing an enlightening map of their web of theory and practice. David Seedhouse proves that health promotion, a discipline intended to improve the health of a population, is prejudiced& every plan and every project stems first from human values& and argues that only by acknowledging this will a mature discipline emerge. To help speed progress the author proposes a positive, practical theory of health promotion destined to inspire anyone who wishes to create better health. This new edition includes three new chapters on conventional health promotion, radical health promotion and foundational health promotion, mental health promotion and examples of the use of foundational health promotion. The new edition will also add five new teaching exercises, incorporate and update the guide for teachers and lecturers and add a new topical case study. This book is laced with entertaining dialogues and readers are encouraged to explore ten carefully presented exercises. Educational, accessible, and intelligent, Health Promotion: Philosophy, Prejudice and Practice is a seminal work which heralds the beginning of the end of health promotion's long adolescence. It is nothing less than essential reading for all practitioners and students of health promotion. Reviews for Total Health Promotion: From one of the world's leading health philosophers, this beautifully written and highly accessible book will challenge not only those involved in the complex area of health promotion but anyone working in mental health care. Probably because David Seedhouse is not a health practitioner, the text is free from the traditional metaphors associated with professional literature. Instead it leads the reader on an exploration of Seedhouse's interpretation of psychiatry and his potentially r
Abstract 4249: The Pi3Kβ/δ inhibitor AZD8186 has potential to treat tumours in combination with key signalling pathway inhibitors
Authors: Simon T. Barry, Kathryn Cronin, Marie Cumberbatch, Rebecca Ellston, Emily Foster, Urs Hancox, Lyndsey Hanson, Liz Harrington, Carol Lenaghan, Stefan Symeonides, Cath Trigwell, Lara Ward
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract AZD8186 inhibits Pi3K isoforms Pi3Kβ and δ, with selectivity over Pi3Kα and γ. In solid tumours Pi3Kβ drives tumour growth when the tumour suppressor PTEN is deleted, mutated or downregulated. It also mediates signals from specific GPCR receptors. Pi3Kδ signals downstream of the B-cell receptor, creating potential for targeted treatment of haematological malignancies such as CLL, MCL &amp; indolent NHL and possibly DLBCL. AZD8186 is differentiated from many other agents that target Pi3K family members as it isn't likely to impact glucose control. AZD8186 has single agent activity in a range of models, although maximal benefit is anticipated when used in combination. Loss of PTEN mediated control, and hence dependency on PI3Kβ occurs in many solid tumour types, and is altered in up to 40-50% of tumours in some individual disease states. Commonly PTEN dysregulation is associated with other activation of other signaling pathways. To explore this we have combined AZD8186 with a number of different agents. In HCC70 (triple negative breast cancer) and PC3 (prostate cancer) xenografts combination of AZD8186 (25mg/kg bid) with single dose docetaxel (15mg/kg) gives &amp;gt;90% tumour growth inhibition (TGI), compared to 40-50% with docetaxel alone. AZD8186 also combines with other targeted agents. In HCC70, AZD8186 (25mg/kg bid) combined with selumetinib (10mg/kg) gave 94% TGI compared to 66%, and 47% with each single agent. In combination with AZD2014 (mTORC1/2 inhibitor) (15mg/kg qd) in HCC70 xenografts AZD8186 (25mg/kg bid) gave regressions (-23%) compared to TGI of 87% and 77% for each agent alone. In 786-0 (renal cancer) xenografts AZD8186 (12.5mg/kg bid) and AZD2014 (15mg/kg qd) gave regression of -82% compared to TGI of 33% and regression of -39% with each agent alone. This data establishes the potential for AZD8186 to be used in combination with a number of different agents including the ability to customise dose and schedule to optimise both tolerability as well as anti-tumour effects. Further exploration of the combination opportunities for AZD8186 with other molecular targeted agents would inform on the potential for inhibitors of Pi3Kβ and δ to give benefit in different tumour types. Citation Format: Simon T. Barry, Kathryn Cronin, Marie Cumberbatch, Rebecca Ellston, Emily Foster, Urs Hancox, Lyndsey Hanson, Liz Harrington, Carol Lenaghan, Stefan Symeonides, Cath Trigwell, Lara Ward. The Pi3Kβ/δ inhibitor AZD8186 has potential to treat tumours in combination with key signalling pathway inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4249. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4249
Abstract 1980: Role of lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase-like 2 in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Hiroaki Kasashima, Masakazu Yashiro, Yukie Go, Go Masuda, Haruhito Kinoshita, Mao Tokumoto, Tamami Morisaki, Tatsunari Fukuoka, Takahiro Toyokawa, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Masaichi Ohira, Kosei Hirakawa
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Object: Lysyl oxidase (LOX) family is the extracellular matrix-modifying enzymes comprising of LOX and LOX-like (LOXL) 1-4. These enzymes have intracellular functions involved in the regulation of motility, migration, differentiation, and transcription in various types of cells. LOX is associated with mesenchymal reconstruction that is essential for cancer invasion and metastasis. LOX overexpression is crucial to promoting tumor growth and metastasis in several cancers such as breast cancer and colorectal cancer, however, role of LOX in gastric cancer remain unknown. Here, we investigated the clinicopathological significance of LOX and LOXL2 in gastric cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 549 patients who had undergone surgery for gastric cancer at Osaka-City University were enrolled. LOX and LOXL2 expressions were evaluated by intensity of staining and percentage of stained tumor cells at the invading tumor front. This study was approved by the Osaka City University ethics committee. Informed consent was obtained from all patients. Results: LOX and LOXL2 expression were positive in 265 (48.3%) and 342 (58.5%) of the 549 gastric tumors. Both LOX and LOXL2 expression in cancer cells were significantly associated with macroscopic type (p&amp;lt;0.01), histological type (p&amp;lt;0.01), depth of invasion (p&amp;lt;0.01), lymph node status (p&amp;lt;0.01), vessel invasion (p&amp;lt;0.01). The prognosis of patients with LOX-positive tumors or LOXL2-positive tumors was significantly (p&amp;lt;0.001 or p&amp;lt;0.001, log-rank) worse than that of patients with LOX-negative or LOXL2-negative tumors, respectively. A multivariate analysis indicated LOX and LOXL2 expression in cancer cells to be an independent prognostic factor (p=0.016 or p&amp;lt;0.001). Conclusions: LOX and LOXL2 expression might be associated with metastatic activity of gastric cancer cells. LOX and LOXL2 might be useful predictive prognostic factors for patients with gastric cancer. Citation Format: Hiroaki Kasashima, Masakazu Yashiro, Yukie Go, Go Masuda, Haruhito Kinoshita, Mao Tokumoto, Tamami Morisaki, Tatsunari Fukuoka, Takahiro Toyokawa, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Kazuya Muguruma, Masaichi Ohira, Kosei Hirakawa. Role of lysyl oxidase and lysyl oxidase-like 2 in gastric carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1980. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1980
Pharmacogenetics of Adenoviruses
Authors: Pierre Lefesvre, Dirk van Bekkum
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Pharmacogenetics is the study of genotypic and phenotypic variation between individuals and how it affects drug response. Recombinant viral vectors and naked DNA are employed to deliver therapeutic transgenes in the liver, muscle, tumours and haematopoietic stem cells. However, to rationalise this delivery approach, the factors of variation between patients need to be identified. To study transgene expression variation, following muscle or liver transfection, we transfected various mouse and rat inbred strains with the luciferase transgene under CMV promotor encoded in a recombinant adenovirus serotype 5. It is considered that the differences observed between inbred strains reflect the differences expected between individual patients. We showed that, after liver or muscle transfection, the level of transgene expression depends on the transcription capacity of the animal strain. Indeed, the transcription efficiency varies up to 2 logs between one mouse or rat strains to the other. In order to translate this finding in human we transfected various cell lines of one breast cancer type, namely the ductal adenocarcinoma of the breast. It is believed that the difference observed between these cell lines of similar histological origin reflects the difference that one might encounter between cancer patients suffering from ductal breast cancer. Similarly, to the situation in liver and muscle, the variation of transgene expression was due to a polymorphism of the transcription activity in the cell lines. Further, this polymorphism is not restricted to Ad5 transfection, as we observed it also, in vitro and in vivo, with Ad35 and plasmid vectors. We also studied the influence of the promoter on this variation of transgene expression. The luciferase gene under MPL or modified CMV promoters also showed a polymorphism of expression. Consequently, a polymorphism of transgene expression might be expected in patient population after transfection with Ad5 Ad35, plasmid coding for transgenes under CMV or MLP promoter.
Abstract 16412: Altered Nitroso/Redox Balance in Dystrophic Cardiomyopathy is Associated With NOS1 Uncoupling
Authors: Raul A Dulce, Vera Mayo, Yenong Cao, Adriana V Treuer, Daniel R Gonzalez, Joshua M Hare
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Dystrophic cardiomyopathy is the cardiac manifestation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Hearts from the mdx mouse, the mouse model of this disease, exhibit increased oxidative stress due to the up-regulation of NADPH oxidase.

Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that this oxidative stress disrupts the bioavailability of tetrahydrobiopterin (H4B) leading to defective nitric oxide (NO) production associated with NOS1 uncoupling.

Methods: We used mdx mice with established cardiomyopathy. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate NADPH oxidase -NOX2- and western blots were performed to assess protein expression or phospholamban (PLB) phosphorylation. NO production was assessed by either nitrate + nitrite measurement in heart homogenate or DAF-2 epifluorescence in myocytes. The degree of S-nitrosylation in myocytes was measured using immunofluorescence.

Results: We found a five-fold increased expression of NOX2 as well as increased superoxide production compared to wild type (WT; p<0.05 vs. WT) in mdx hearts. PLB phospho-Serine 16 was decreased (p<0.05 vs. WT) and PLB phospho-Threonine 17 was augmented (p<0.01 vs. WT) in mdx hearts and these changes were restored to normal by specifically inhibiting NOX2 with 20 microM VAS2870. In addition, NOS1 expression was increased eight-fold in mdx hearts compared to WT (p<0.05 vs. WT). Furthermore, cardiac NO production was reduced in mdx (p<0.05 vs. WT) and also was restored by VAS2870 in cardiomyocytes. There was less S-nitrosylation in mdx myocytes, which consistently showed decreased levels of S-nitroscysteines compared to WT. This paradoxical effect could be due to NOS1 uncoupling. To test this possibility, we treated isolated cardiomyocytes with 300 microM H4B and observed that NO production in mdx recovered to WT levels and S-nitrosylation levels were restored toward normal. H4B treatment also increased PLB phospho-Serine 16 but did not affect PLB phospho-Threonine 17.

Conclusions: These results suggest that NOX2-derived oxidative stress results in H4B oxidation, causing NOS1 uncoupling. Diminished NOS1 activity has functional implications for mdx cardiomyocyte performance.
Shared ethical principles for everybody in health care: a working draft from the Tavistock Group Introduction A shared statement of ethical principles for those who shape and give health care
Authors: R. Smith, H. Hiatt, D. Berwick, None Tavistock Group
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Education and debateShared ethical principles for everybody in health care: a working draft from the Tavistock GroupThe expansion in healthcare delivery over the past 150 years has exacerbated many of the ethical tensions inherent in health care and has created new ones.To answer these problems, many groups of healthcare professionals have established separate codes of ethics for their own disciplines, but no shared code exists that might bring all stakeholders in health care into a more consistent moral framework.A multidisciplinary group therefore recently came together at Tavistock Square in London in an effort to prepare such a shared code.
ABC of intensive care: Criteria for admission
Authors: G. Smith, M. Nielsen
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Intensive care has been defined as “a service for patients with potentially recoverable conditions who can benefit from more detailed observation and invasive treatment than can safely be provided in general wards or high dependency areas.” It is usually reserved for patients with potential or established organ failure. The most commonly supported organ is the lung, but facilities should also exist for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of other organ dysfunction.



Ward observation chart showing serious physiological deterioration



Intensive care is appropriate for patients requiring or likely to require advanced respiratory support, patients requiring support of two or more organ systems, and patients with chronic impairment of one or more organ systems who also require support for an acute reversible failure of another organ. Early referral is particularly important. If referral is delayed until the patient's life is clearly at risk, the chances of full recovery are jeopardised.

View this table:

Categories of organ system monitoring and support



### Factors to be considered when assessing suitability for admission to intensive care

As with any other treatment, the decision to admit a patient to an intensive care unit should be based on the concept of potential benefit. Patients who are too well to benefit or those with no hope of recovering to an acceptable quality of life should not be admitted. Age by itself should not be a barrier to admission to intensive care, but doctors should recognise that increasing age is associated with diminishing physiological reserve and an increasing chance of serious coexisting disease. It is important to respect patient autonomy, and patients should not be admitted to intensive care if they have a stated or written desire not to receive intensive care—for example, in an advanced …
Media: Diagnose and be damned
Authors: H. Marcovitch
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Diagnose and be damned Doctors who have exposed child abuse are being hounded.Harvey Marcovitch, editor of Archives of Disease in Childhood, believes that the media are making matters worse A few years ago, I found a neat roll of documents tucked behind a radiator outside my office.It contained letters, minutes of meetings, and suggestions on how to run a campaign to combat doctors' diagnoses of child abuse.Most were reasoned, but some were written in crude language and bristled with anger.The package had been planted where I would find it.I think it was meant to frighten me.Last year, sitting in the editorial office of Archives of Disease in Childhood, I was handed some letters, headed with a private address, asking whether we had ever received for publication, but subsequently rejected, papers from the North Staffordshire Hospital on continuous negative pressure ventilation.My explanation that we did not keep records of rejected submissions beyond one year met with incredulity.The correspondent wrote again complaining that she knew I was covering up the existence of unethical experiments on newborn babies.