tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 10878: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Deficiency Activates NADPH Oxidase Resulting in Endothelial Dysfunction and Worsens Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sreedhar Bodiga, Ratnadeep Basu, Wang Wang, Zamaneh Kassiri, Gavin Y Oudit
Journal: Circulation (2011)

OBJECTIVES:  Incidence of heart disease and severity of heart failure is greater in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. The renin-angiotensin system is activated in diabetics leading to increased angiotensin II (Ang II) formation. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) degrades Ang II to Ang 1-7, which has the capacity to counter the actions of Ang II.   METHODS:  To define the role of ACE2 in diabetic cardiovascular complications, we examined cardiac and vascular function by echocardiography, hemodynamics, flow-mediated dilation and molecular signaling in male mice with genetic ablation of ACE2 in the context of the Akita model of type 1 diabetes.   RESULTS:  Type 1 diabetic cardiomyopathy in the Akita mouse model is characterized by moderate diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function. Myocardial ACE2 level is increased in the diabetic Akita mice. Loss of ACE2 in Akita mice resulted in systolic dysfunction, (ejection fraction: 49.9±2.5% vs 62.7±2.4% (WT), Akita (60.4±2%) and 63.1±1.7% (ACE2KO); n=10; p   CONCLUSIONS:  Loss of ACE2 increases Ang II level, induces oxidative stress and modulation of pathological signaling which in combination with endothelial dysfunction underlies impaired systolic function in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Enhancing ACE2 action may prevent the diabetic cardiovascular complications.
Enhanced Tumor Growth in Animals Pretreated with Complete Freund's Adjuvant
Authors: Monte Sean Meltzer, Edward J. Leonard
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

The ascites form of a diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatoma (line-1), injected intradermally into syngeneic guinea pigs, formed a local tumor which regressed. Regression was associated with development of tumor-specific cellular immunity. Tumor rejection was delayed in animals treated with complete Fruend's adjuvant (CFA) before tumor challenge. Studies on the mechanism of this delayed tumor regression showed: 1) CFA-treated animals had smaller 24-hour-skin reactions to, and prolonged rejection of, a secondtumor challenge; 2) the CFA-induced defect was corrected by systemic transfer of peritoneal exudate cells from guinea pigs immunized to the tumen 3) cutaneous inflammatory responses to turpentine and local passive transfer of tumor immunity reactions were intact in CFA-treated animalsi 4) the CFA-induced defect was systemic, i.e., it occurred even if CFA treatment was given in a way that spared nodes draining the site of tumor challengei 5) injection of CFA into animals previously immunized to tumor did not impair tumor rejection, and 6) CFA treatment abrogated induction of tumor immunity in guinea pigs challenged with a mixture of syngeneic line-10 tumor cells and BCG. CFA treatment caused systemic impairment of primary responses to tumor antigen. Effector immune mechanisms, inflammatory responses, and previously existing antigenic or tumor immunity remained intact.
Imagery and posttraumatic stress disorder: an overview
Authors: E A Brett, R Ostroff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

A review of theories of traumatic neurosis or posttraumatic stress disorder reveals a relative neglect of the role of posttraumatic imagery. The broad range of imagery has not been recognized, nor its role in the disorder adequately formulated. A two-dimensional framework for understanding posttraumatic stress disorder based on 1) repetitions of trauma-related images, affects, somatic states, and actions and 2) defensive functioning puts into perspective the centrality of traumatic imagery, implies a reorganization of DSM-III criteria, points to new directions for research, and clarifies diagnostic and clinical confusion.
Pathologic findings from the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project: prognostic significance of erbB-2 protein overexpression in primary breast cancer.
Authors: S Paik, R Hazan, E R Fisher, R E Sass, B Fisher, C Redmond, J Schlessinger, M E Lippman, C R King
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

In order to investigate the prognostic significance of erbB-2 overexpression, immunohistochemical staining for the erbB-2 protein was performed on sections from paraffin blocks of 292 primary invasive breast cancers obtained from women enrolled in the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) protocol B-06. Positive reaction indicative of erbB-2 overexpression was observed on tumor cells in 62 (21%) samples. Women whose cancers were judged to have erbB-2 overexpression had a significantly worse overall survival (P = .0012) with twice the mortality rate of women without detectable erbB-2 expression. No statistically significant effect was evident for disease-free survival (P = .22). In multivariate analysis, detection of erbB-2 overexpression was the second most predictive independent variable for survival after nodal status. Overexpression of erbB-2 was more common among tumors of poor nuclear grade (29%) than those of good nuclear grade (12%). The association of erbB-2 overexpression with decreased survival was evident only among women with tumors of good nuclear grade. In this subgroup, erbB-2 overexpression was associated with an approximately fivefold increase in mortality rate (P = .00001). The combined predictive value of erbB-2 overexpression and nuclear grade was evident regardless of their lymph node status. These results provide evidence that detection of erbB-2 overexpression may be an independent prognostic variable for patient survival. Moreover, when combined with evaluation of nuclear grade, it may be possible to use immunostaining for erbB-2 protein to identify patients at increased risk from within a relatively low-risk group.
Prognosis and other clinical correlates of pathologic review in stage I and II testicular carcinoma: a report from the Testicular Cancer Intergroup Study.
Authors: I A Sesterhenn, R B Weiss, F K Mostofi, D M Stablein, R G Rowland, G Falkson, S E Rivkind, N J Vogelzang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE The Testicular Cancer Intergroup Study (TCIS) was undertaken to evaluate the pathologic findings in early-stage testicular cancer as determined by central pathology review, to compare these findings with the interpretation by the contributing pathologists, and to make correlations with various clinical parameters and outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS The prospective study of non-seminomatous germ cell testicular cancer staged surgically involved 459 eligible patients with stage I (node-negative) or stage II (node-positive) disease. Pathologic materials from both the orchiectomy and lymphadenectomy specimens were submitted to a central laboratory for evaluation. RESULTS Central and local pathologists differed significantly in their identification of certain cellular histologies (primarily yolk sac tumors [YST]) and recognition of invasion into vascular structures. In contrast to our prior findings with local pathologic assessment, venous/lymphatic invasion as determined by central review predicted relapse in both stages. In pathologic stage I disease, the relapse rate was 19.4% (12 of 62 cases) for those with invasion versus 6.0% (10 of 168 cases) for those without invasion. In pathologic stage II disease, the respective relapse rates were 63.5% (40 of 63 cases) and 24.0% (six of 25 cases). Vascular invasion was jointly predictive with nodal stage for risk of relapse. The percentage of embryonal carcinoma (EC) in the primary tumor was predictive of nodal stage and relapse in a univariate, but not a multivariate, analysis. In a large substudy, immunohistochemical staining identified a correlation between stain intensity in YST and serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels. In a similar fashion human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) staining reactivity occurred exclusively in patients with syncytiotrophoblasts and correlated with serum levels of beta-HCG. CONCLUSIONS A number of tumor histology correlates with clinical parameters have been identified or confirmed. Careful pathologic scrutiny of the primary testicular tumor, especially for vascular invasion, provides important prognostic information.
Feasibility of the use of primary breast epithelial cell cultures to identify genotype-specific preventive agents
Authors: F. Meric-Bernstam, H. Zhang, R. Lotan, D. Lotan, A. Sahin, G. V. Babiera, L. Kopelovich, J. A. Crowell, L. C. Strong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3140 Background: Recent progress has intensified efforts to discover agents that target genetically determined events in order to treat, or even prevent, cancer. We have chosen to study clinically normal cells from Li Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS) and BRCA2 mutation carriers, individuals who carry a dominantly inherited increased risk for breast cancer. Our purpose was 1) to determine the feasibility of initiating short-term breast epithelial cell cultures from normal breast parenchyma obtained from incisional or core biopsies, and 2) to determine the effects of potential chemopreventive agents on growth inhibition of clinically normal cells from gene-carriers and controls. Methods: Uninvolved breast parenchyma was obtained from mastectomies for breast cancer, or contralateral prophylactic mastectomies, via incisional or 16G core biopsy. Specimens were digested in collagenase, and epithelial cells grown in MEGM (Clonetics, CA). Epithelial cell growth (passage 2–3) after 72 hours’ drug treatment was assessed with sulforhodamine B assay. Results: Breast epithelial cells were cultured from 28 (93%) of 30 incisional biopsies, with 100% success in the last 15. Cultures were initiated in 24 (83%) of 29 samples from 4 core biopsies, with 100% success in the last 20. Epithelial cells from four patients with LFS, two with BRCA2, and six controls were treated with tamoxifen, celecoxib, 4HPR, SAHA, CP31398, and rapamycin. All agents produced similar growth inhibitory effects for most genotypes. However, there was a trend toward more pronounced growth inhibition of LFS cells than of controls with p53-stabilizing agent CP31398 (28.3% vs 15% at 10 μM, p=0.08). Conclusions: It is feasible to culture breast epithelial cells from incisional as well as core biopsies, holding promise for individualized in vitro testing of chemopreventive agents. The agents in our study appear to have growth inhibitory effects in all genotypes tested. Further work is needed to determine whether novel genotype-specific preventive agents can be identified and temporal and concentration-dependent short-term biomarkers of response can be developed with this in vitro approach. Supported by NCI grant NO1-CN-15102 (to L.C.S.). No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Deregulation of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with sleep apnoea
Authors: Juan Fernández-Lahera, Francisco García Río, Isabel Fernández, Santiago Zudaire, Raquel Casitas, Claudia Llontop, Raul Galera, Carlos Villasante, Rodolfo Άlvarez-Sala
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Material and methods: The study included 103 new patients with the following characteristics: 50±12 years of age, BMI 30.2±5.8 kg/m2, neck circumference 42±7 cm, Epworth 11±10, AHI 33±27 h-1, DI 34±28 h-1, mean SpO2 91±9% minimum SpO2 76±14%, CT 90 22±30%. Diabetic patients were excluded. Patients underwent blood tests and sleep studies.

Results: When comparing a group of patients with OSAS to a control group, there were significant differences in NGSP HbA1c and IFCC HbA1c (p<0,037).

There was significant linear correlation between glucose and age (r=0,21). NGSP HbA1c (%) with AHI (r=0,35), minimum SpO2 (r=-0,26), ODI (r=0,37), age (r=0,38). The same for IFCC HbA1c. Insulin with BMI (r=0,39). QUICKI index with AHI (r=-0,28), with ODI (r=-0,30), with BMI (r=-0,47) and with neck circumference (r=-0,26). The HOMA-IR index with BMI (r=0,40).

To find possible determinants of NGSP HbA1c (%), the following multiple linear regression model was used: NGSP HbA1c (%)= 4,818+0,011\*Age+0,005\*ODI (r 2 =0,23, p<0,003).

Conclusions: 1) Patients with OSAS show higher levels of NGSP HbA1c and IFCC HbA1c.

2) There were significant correlations between some hydrocarbon metabolism parameters/indices and clinical/sleep parameters.

3) Using the regression model, the NGSP HbA1c variability is explained in 23.3% of cases by age and oxygen desaturation index.
Abstract 15879: Management of Major Bleeding Events in Patients Treated With Rivaroxaban Versus Warfarin: Results From the ROCKET AF Trial
Authors: Jonathan P Piccini, Jyotsna Garg, Manesh R Patel, Yuliya Lokhnygina, Shaun G Goodman, Richard C Becker, Scott D Berkowitz, Gunter Breithardt, Werner Hacke, Jonathan L Halperin, Graeme J Hankey, Christopher C Nessel, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Daniel E Singer, Robert M Califf, Keith A Fox
Journal: Circulation (2013)
AIDS-Related Malignancies
Authors: Margaret F Spittle
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

The management of AIDS-related malignancies demands that the cancer must be treated in the context of patients already suffering from a fatal disease. Management must be problem-orientated. The standard cancer treatment of such a patient may not be appropriate in the AIDS setting. The AIDS related malignancies are Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) incuding primary cerebral lymphoma. Carcinoma of the cervix was recently added to this list, but has not been seen in this context in the UK.
PAROXYSMAL VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; REPORT OF A CASE ILLUSTRATING ALL THE ACCEPTED DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA
Authors: Aaron E. Parsonnet
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Case Reports1 March 1936PAROXYSMAL VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA; REPORT OF A CASE ILLUSTRATING ALL THE ACCEPTED DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIAAARON E. PARSONNET, M.D., C.M., F.A.C.P.AARON E. PARSONNET, M.D., C.M., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-9-9-1258 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough there is a growing tendency among recent authors to minimize the rarity of paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, nevertheless, when all the accepted criteria warranting such a diagnosis are made requisite, this type of abnormal cardiac rhythm looms rarer than ever.The literature, starting with the work of Lewis,1has been materially enriched by contributions devoted to the study of paroxysmal tachycardias, some of which are unquestionably of the ventricular type. However, after careful scrutiny of the available material, a large percentage of the reported cases falls by the wayside as either unproved, doubtful as to point of origin, or totally...Bibliography1. LEWIS T: Paroxysmal tachycardia, Heart, 1909-1910, i, 43. Google Scholar2. GILCHRIST AR: Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, Am. Heart Jr., 1926, i, 546. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. STRAUSS MB: Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1930, clxxix, 337. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. ROBINSONHERRMANN GCGR: Paroxysmal tachycardia of ventricular origin and its relation to coronary occlusion, Heart, 1921, viii, 59. Google Scholar5. ROBINSON GC: The relation of changes in the form of the ventricular complex of the electrocardiogram to functional changes in the heart, Arch. Int. Med., 1916, xviii, 830. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. STRONGLEVINE GFSA: Irregularity of ventricular rate in paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, Heart, 1923, x, 125. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Newark, New Jersey*Received for publication September 10, 1935. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1936Volume 9, Issue 9Page: 1258-1265KeywordsFallsTachycardiaVentricular tachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
Development of a marrow transplant regimen for acute leukemia using targeted hematopoietic irradiation delivered by 131I-labeled anti-CD45 antibody, combined with cyclophosphamide and total body irradiation
Authors: DC Matthews, FR Appelbaum, JF Eary, DR Fisher, LD Durack, SA Bush, TE Hui, PJ Martin, D Mitchell, OW Press
Journal: Blood (1995)
Noninvasive monitoring of tumor metabolism using fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography in colorectal cancer liver metastases: correlation with tumor response to fluorouracil.
Authors: M Findlay, H Young, D Cunningham, A Iveson, B Cronin, T Hickish, B Pratt, J Husband, M Flower, R Ott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

To investigate and measure the metabolism of colorectal cancer liver metastases using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET), before and during the first month of chemotherapy. The findings were compared with tumor outcome conventionally assessed using changes in tumor size.Patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases were treated with fluorouracil (5FU) as a protracted venous infusion (300 mg/m2/d), with or without interferon-alpha 2b for two 10-week blocks separated by a 2-week break. Before and at 1 to 2 and 4 to 5 weeks on treatment, FDG PET scans were performed. Patients fasted, were injected intravenously with FDG (50 to 100 MBq), and scanned using a large-area positron camera; the image data was processed such that regions of interest could be identified. The results were expressed as a ratio of FDG uptake in the tumor and normal liver (T:L) or as a semiquantitative standardized uptake value (SUV). These measures were compared with the tumor dimensions measured on a computed tomographic (CT) scan performed at 12 weeks from commencement of chemotherapy.Twenty patients were studied; however, two did not have assessable liver metastases. Objective partial responses were observed in 11 of 18 patients. A total of 27 metastatic lesions were assessable. Pretreatment T:L ratios and SUVs did not correlate with tumor response, although response was associated with lower 1- to 2-week (1.84 v 2.17; t=2.667; P < .02) and 4- to 5-week (1.36 v 2.28; t=5.02; P < .001) T:L ratios, and 4- to 5-week (3.57 v 4.95; t=2.492; P < .05) SUVs. Expressed as a percent of the baseline values of the T:L ratio, responding lesions had a greater reduction in metabolism (67% v 99%; t=7.53; P < .001). The 4- to 5-week T:L ratio was able to discriminate response from nonresponse both in a lesion-by-lesion and overall patient response assessment (sensitivity 100%; specificity 90% and 75%, respectively).Positron emission tomography used to evaluate the uptake of FDG in tumors yields data that correlate with the antitumor effect of chemotherapy in patients with liver metastases from colorectal cancer.
Dyke-Davidoff-Masson Syndrome With Cerebral Hypometabolism and Unique Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis in 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Yusuf Demir, Erdem Sürücü, Vedat Çilingir, Mehmet Deniz Bulut, Temel Tombul
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

A 23-year-old man with Dyke-Davidoff-Masson syndrome (DDMS) was admitted to the hospital with increasing frequency of epileptic seizures. Physical examination revealed mental retardation, left facial asymmetry, and left-sided spastic hemiparesis. Dysdiadochokinesia on the left upper limb was detected, and there was no dysmetria. MRI confirmed the well-known radiological features of DDMS. PET/CT demonstrated cerebral and contralateral cerebellar hypometabolism. We present DDMS with crossed cerebellar diaschisis, which was demonstrated by PET/CT.
Not All Post-FNA Spindle Cell Proliferations in the Thyroid Are of Myofibroblastic Origin: Follicular Adenoma with Spindle Cell Metaplasia
Authors: Gülçin Yegen, Melek Büyük, İsmail Cem Solmaz, Semen Önder, Şule Öztürk, Özgür Mete
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2015)
Sex Differences in the Rate, Timing, and Principal Diagnoses of 30-Day Readmissions in Younger Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Rachel P. Dreyer, Isuru Ranasinghe, Yongfei Wang, Kumar Dharmarajan, Karthik Murugiah, Sudhakar V. Nuti, Angela F. Hsieh, John A. Spertus, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Young women (<65 years) experience a 2- to 3-fold greater mortality risk than younger men after an acute myocardial infarction. However, it is unknown whether they are at higher risk for 30-day readmission, and if this association varies by age. We examined sex differences in the rate, timing, and principal diagnoses of 30-day readmissions, including the independent effect of sex following adjustment for confounders.We included patients aged 18 to 64 years with a principal diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. Data were used from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project-State Inpatient Database for California (07-09). Readmission diagnoses were categorized by using an aggregated version of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services' Condition Categories, and readmission timing was determined from the day after discharge. Of 42,518 younger patients with acute myocardial infarction (26.4% female), 4775 (11.2%) had at least 1 readmission. The 30-day all-cause readmission rate was higher for women (15.5% versus 9.7%, P<0.0001). For both sexes, readmission risk was highest on days 2 to 4 after discharge and declined thereafter, and women were more likely to present with noncardiac diagnoses (44.4% versus 40.6%, P=0.01). Female sex was associated with a higher rate of 30-day readmission, which persisted after adjustment (hazard ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.15-1.30). There was no significant interaction between age and sex on readmission.In comparison with men, younger women have a higher risk for readmission, even after the adjustment for confounders. The timing of 30-day readmission was similar in women and men, and both sexes were susceptible to a wide range of causes for readmission.
Myocardial Extracellular Volume Fraction From T1 Measurements in Healthy Volunteers and Mice
Authors: Tomas G. Neilan, Otavio R. Coelho-Filho, Ravi V. Shah, Siddique A. Abbasi, Bobak Heydari, Eri Watanabe, Yucheng Chen, Damien Mandry, Francois Pierre-Mongeon, Ron Blankstein, Raymond Y. Kwong, Michael Jerosch-Herold
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)