tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P274: Physical Activity Patterns and Determinants Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: Insights From the VIRGO Study (Variation in Recovery: Role of Gender on Outcomes of Young Acute Myocardial Infarction Patients)
Authors: Karl E Minges, Kelly M Strait, Sarah Camhi, Judith H Lichtman, Rachel P Dreyer, Mary Geda, Hector Bueno, Jeptha P Curtis, Harlan M Krumholz
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Despite the benefits of participation in regular physical activity (PA) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), little is known about the habitual patterns of PA for young AMI patients, especially expanding beyond findings for those engaged in cardiac rehabilitation. We assessed patterns and determinants in levels of PA over a period of 12-months following AMI. Methods: A 2:1 (women:men) observational study design enrolled 3,572 AMI patients (2,397 women, 67.1%) aged 18-55 years from 103 US, 24 Spanish, and 3 Australian hospitals (2008-2012). Data were obtained by medical record abstraction and patient interviews at baseline (pre-AMI), 1- and 12-months post-AMI. Patients were assigned to AHA defined levels of PA based on self-reported frequency, duration, and intensity, as follows: Active (≥ 150 min/wk moderate or ≥ 75 min/wk vigorous activity), Insufficient (10-149 min/wk moderate or 10-74 min/wk vigorous activity), or Inactive (&lt; 10 min/wk moderate or vigorous activity). We used a generalized estimating equation model to examine the factors associated with insufficient/inactive PA levels over time. Results: At baseline, 1- and 12-months post-AMI, 36.7%, 37.6%, and 40.0% of patients were considered active. There were 27 PA patterns observed from baseline to 12-months (Table). The most frequent were those with no change in PA over time (14% staying active, 7% insufficient, and 13% inactive). Additionally, 25% of patients had an increase (at least a one category change) in PA, while 19% had a decrease between baseline and 12-months post-AMI. Female sex, non-white race, non-active workplaces, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity were independently associated with being insufficient/inactive over time (all p&lt;.05). Conclusions: Despite clinical recommendations, young adults recovering from AMI experience a wide range of PA patterns. By identifying factors associated with insufficient/inactive PA during recovery, targeted interventions can be introduced prior to hospital discharge.
Cytogenetic features of infants less than 12 months of age at diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia: impact of the 11q23 breakpoint on outcome: a report of the Childrens Cancer Group
Authors: NA Heerema, DC Arthur, H Sather, V Albo, J Feusner, BJ Lange, PG Steinherz, P Zeltzer, D Hammond, GH Reaman
Journal: Blood (1994)
Types of Mental Defectives.
Authors: Martin W Barr, Earle Francis Maloney
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lesson of the week: Acute obstructive hydrocephalus complicating bacterial meningitis in childhood
Authors: H. Mactier, P. Galea, R. McWilliam
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Bacterial meningitis may present as acute obstructive hydrocephalus, and cannot be excluded by sterile ventricular cerebrospinal fluid

Two children presented with signs of raised intracranial pressure and sepsis. Computed tomography showed relatively large ventricles, suggesting obstructive hydrocephalus. Raised intracranial pressure was confirmed at ventriculostomy, but cerebrospinal fluid was sterile. Streptococcus pneumoniae infection was subsequently documented in both patients, and findings at postmortem examination in one confirmed that he had acute purulent basal meningitis.

### Case 1

A boy presented to a district general hospital on the eve of his first birthday. He had collapsed at home, and his parents reported that for three days he had had fever, anorexia, vomiting, and increasing drowsiness. On arrival at hospital he was poorly perfused, could barely be roused, and his anterior fontanelle was bulging. The boy's blood pressure was 117/66 mm Hg and his occipitofrontal circumference was 50.6 cm (>90th centile). Initial investigations showed haemoglobin concentration 81 g/l, white cell count 23.9×109/l (neutrophils 18.9×109/l), platelets 226×109/l, serum urea and electrolytes normal, and C reactive protein 137 mg/l. He improved after resuscitation with plasma; then, because of recurrent episodes of bradycardia, he was intubated and ventilated. Intravenous ceftazidime and penicillin were given. The boy had been previously well, was fully immunised, and had been making appropriate neurodevelopmental progress. His large head had been noted previously but was attributed to a familial tendency and was not investigated.

The patient was transferred to the regional paediatric intensive care unit, where computed tomograms showed dilatation of the lateral and third ventricles with some reduction of the extra axial spaces (fig 1). There was no crowding of the foramen magnum, effacement of the basal cisterns, periventricular oedema, or loss of grey-white differentiation. Taking into account the history of a large head, it was concluded that …
Pricing and Value of Cancer Drugs
Authors: Randy Burkholder
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Abstract 19045: Epicardial Fat is Related to Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Healthy Obese and Metabolic Syndrome Obese
Authors: Margareta Manka, Sabine Fenk, Christina Strack, Sabine Kempinger, Günter Riegger, Gerd Schmitz, Thomas Loew, Andrea Baessler, Marcus Fischer
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Epicardial fat is a metabolically active visceral fat depot with anatomical and functional contiguity to the myocardium and is associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes in the obese. Hypothesis: The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of epicardial fat thickness (EFT) with diastolic function and to understand the role of EFT in relation to potential risk factors (i.e. hypertension and MetS) of diastolic dysfunction (DD) in obese with variable degrees of the MetS and preserved systolic function. Methods: We studied 320 subjects (mean BMI 37±10 kg/m2, age 44±12 years) participating in a standardized weight reduction program. EFT was measured by transthoracic echocardiography. Diastolic function was assessed according to ESC and ASE recommendations by means of pw- and tissue Doppler echocardiography. The MetS was defined according to NCEP ATPIII criteria. Results: The study population consisted of 133 obese with MetS, 37 hypertensive obese without MetS, 78 healt...
The factors with high motivation for smoking cessation
Authors: Zahra Hessami, Hooman Sharifi, Gholamreza Heydari, MohamamadReza Masjedi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Smoking cessation is the most important intervention for COPD prevention and treatment. Having motivation to stop smoking is essential for good results of a smoking cessation program. Finally, one of the effective factors in success is having self-efficacy.   Objectives:  To evaluate if any correlation exists between motivation degree, nicotine dependence and cessation rate. It seems that volunteers had enough motivation to quit because they tried to take this action; however, a wide variety of factors had some effects on their motivation.   Method:  This study was done on the volunteers of smoking cessation clinic. They underwent tests for dependence and motivation degree by using FT, Q-MAT respectively. Then this motivation degree was evaluated according to different factors such as nicotine dependency, demographic factors and the quit result.   Results:  In this study 345 volunteers were studied from which 311 (90.1%) were men. The mean age of them was 37.6. The mean of Q-mat score was 15.5. The mean of Q-mat score for high nicotine dependency was 14.8 and for low nicotine dependency was 16.5 (p=0.04). The mean of Q-mat score for successful quit was 15.8 and in unsuccessful subjects was 15.4 (p=0.4)The mean of FT in successful and unsuccessful subjects was 5.2, 6.08 respectively.(p=0.03).   Conclusion:  In the volunteers with high nicotine dependency, the degree of motivation and self-efficacy was significantly low. successful quit rate was significantly low in volunteers with high nicotine dependency. So it is suggested to provide a more effective strategy in designing motivational interviews and treatment for the smokers with high nicotine dependency in order to increase the successful quit rate.
Abstract 12660: Both Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and -2 Receptor Control Human Cardiac Progenitor Cells Proliferation and Differentiation in Children With Congenital Heart Malformation
Authors: Masashi Yoshida, Yasufumi Kijima, Suguru Tarui, Junko Kobayashi, Masataka Hirata, Toru Miyoshi, Kazufumi Nakamura, Kunihisa Kohno, Kengo Kusano, Shunji Sano, Hiroshi Ito, Hidemasa Oh
Journal: Circulation (2011)
When I use a word: The eyes have it
Authors: J. Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Etymologically speaking, a doublet is a pair of words that have the same origin but different spellings and often different meanings. English is replete with such pairs, as the following examples show:

View this table:

Then there are triplets. They include cloak/cloche/clock, pauper/poor/poverty, coign(e)/coin/quoin, and regime/regimen/regiment (about which I have previously written— BMJ 1996;313:776). And there is the septuplet antler/augur/eye/inveigle/ocular/ullage/window.

Let's start with the Indo-European root OC, which gave the Latin word for an eye, oculus. This gives us words such as ocular, inoculate, and some words that contain the syllable -oc-: atrocity from atrox (black …
Possible indication for surgical resection of lung cancer associated with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE)
Authors: Yuko Mizokami, Aiko Masunaga, Shinako Yoshitake, Keisuke Kojima, Hiroshi Sakata, Susumu Hirosako, Shinichiro Okamoto, Hidenori Ichiyasu, Kazuhiko Fujii, Naoki Saita, Kentaro Yoshimoto, Takeshi Mori, Makoto Suzuki, Hirotsugu Kohrogi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:The clinical characteristics of CPFE are complicated because impairing %DLco and oxygen desaturation on exertion while %VC and FEV1.0% are almost normally maintained as well as complex lung imaging with fibrosis and emphysema. In addition, CPFE complicates lung cancer at high incidence. However, its indication for surgical resection of the lung cancer and the prognosis after surgery are not assessed. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical course and prognosis after the surgical resection of lung cancer complicated with CPFE.  Methods and Results: We conducted a retrospective study of 28 patients (31 specimens) with surgical resection of lung cancer with CPFE in our hospital from April 2010 to September 2012. The age range was 60-83 years old, and 27 were men, one was woman. In the histological types of 31 specimens, 16 were adenocarcinomata, 11 were squamous cell carcinomata, two were small cell carcinoma, one was adenosquamous carcinoma and one was spindle cell carcinoma. In the preoperative pulmonary function tests, %VC was 99.1 ± 17.9%, FEV1.0% was 71.5 ± 12.4%, %DLco was 73.9 ± 19.9%, A-aDO2 was 19.8 ± 9.9 Torr. The prevalence of acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia following operation occurred in two of 28 cases, one case survived and one case died. Two of 27 survived cases required domiciliary oxygen therapy by hypoxemia in one year after surgery. There were no patients died with pulmonary insufficiency by surgery.  Conclusion: In the lung cancer patients with CPFE, indication of the surgical resection of lung cancer with CPFE is possible because outcomes of surgery and the prognosis were acceptable.
Anxiety syndromes as epiphenomena of primary major depression: outcome and familial psychopathology
Authors: W Coryell, J Endicott, G Winokur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

Anxiety symptoms often appear within depressive episodes, but their significance is uncertain. This study sought to determine whether they indicate the coexistence of a separate disease process and whether they have prognostic significance.A series of patients with primary depression who entered a follow-up and family study included 37 who also had obsessions or compulsions, 93 who had panic attacks, 101 who had phobias, and 196 who had none of these anxiety syndromes. Each of the overlapping groups defined by the presence of a specific anxiety syndrome was compared to the group that had none of these syndromes with respect to baseline demographic, phenomenological, and historical features, illness rates among directly interviewed relatives, and diagnostic stability and clinical outcome at semiannual follow-ups over a period of 5 years.Depressive symptoms at intake were more longstanding and severe among patients with specific anxiety symptoms, and these patients went on to experience more depressive morbidity during the ensuing 5 years. The development of autonomous anxiety disorders was rare, however, and specific anxiety syndromes in the probands did not increase risks for the corresponding disorders among relatives.When restricted to episodes of major depression, anxiety syndromes appear to be prognostically significant epiphenomena rather than indicators of an additional disorder.
Maternal Antidepressant Use and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn—Reply
Authors: Krista F. Huybrechts, Brian T. Bateman, Sonia Hernandez-Diaz
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BMJ should not carry advertisements for cars
Authors: D. Salmon
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Fundholding practice's draft policy on ethical use of resourcesPolicy is inconsistent EDrrOR,-The Asbury draft policy on ethical use of resources, a document developed by a fundholding practice to clarify the ethical basis of decisions concerning rationing, contains many inconsistencies.'Two of these, in particular, must be challenged-namely, those to do with age and patients' responsibility for their conditions.With regard to age, the authors seem to want to have it both ways.They first reject the view that treatment should be denied on the basis of age but later write, "the patients' ages may be considered and found relevant."They take this view not because of any medical criteria but because of the "fair innings" argument.In addition to being inconsistent in their views, the authors seem to ignore both the many persuasive arguments against the fair innings argument2 and the difficulty of defining fairness (Rawls, for instance, tried to do so and failed3).They also imply that quality adjusted life years should not be considered in the treatment of patients who are terminally ill but seem to accept that they should be considered with regard to age.Why?It is not only about age that the authors are in two minds: they take the same stance with patients' responsibility for their conditions.They first reject the idea that treatment should be denied on the grounds that the patient has brought the condition on himselfor herself, but then they write, "the issue of a patient's responsibility for having induced the problem might be considered relevant."It is surprising that the authors have not realised the inconsistencies in their views here.It is even more important that they have not taken account of the fact that if we start allocating health care on the basis of personal responsibility there will be few people eligible for treatment.
Abstract P060: A Retrospective Review of Pediatric Hypertension Management in a Hypertension Referral Clinic
Authors: Deborah S Minor, Lucy T Cadwallader, Zeb K Henson, Kristin A Carbrey, Kenneth R Butler
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: High blood pressure (BP) in childhood increases the risk of adult hypertension, cardiovascular disease, kidney disease, and premature mortality. Additionally, hypertensive children are more likely to display other cardiovascular risk factors. Though guidelines for hypertension management exist, there is little published insight from clinical practice, and selection of the appropriate pharmacologic therapy for a child is often difficult for health care providers. The University of Mississippi Medical Center Hypertension Clinic is a referral center for pediatric hypertension management. The purpose of our study was to define characteristics of this clinic’s pediatric population, including modalities of hypertension management, the presence of concurrent disease states, and response to treatment. Methods: Records of patients ages 1-17 years presenting to the clinic over a 3-year period were reviewed (N=374). Patients with only one clinic visit or without a diagnosis of hypertension or an elevated BP at the initial visit were excluded. Data collected included demographics; initial and last recorded height/weight and BP; baseline medications and changes; laboratory or test documentation; and presence of concurrent disease states. BP was classified and staged as normal, prehypertension, stage 1 hypertension, or stage 2. Results: Patients included were 69% (132/191) male and 67% (128/191) African American, with a mean age of 12.46±3.44 years. The majority of patients were obese at initial visit (62%,118/191), with an additional 12% (23/191) classified as overweight. The mean BP of patients on antihypertensive medications (37%,71/191) at clinic entry was lower than those untreated, 127±15/77±12 versus 133±13/79±11 mm Hg, respectively. At final review, 67% (128/191) were on antihypertensives (40%,76/191 - one medication; 23%,43/191 - two; 5%,9/191 - three or more). Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were most frequently prescribed (43%, 82/191) by the clinic, followed by calcium channel blockers (CCBs, 32%, 61/191), and diuretics (20%,39/191). Common concurrent disease states were ADHD (12%,23/191) and asthma (9%,18/191). Though 61% (117/191) had BP controlled at the last visit reviewed compared to 41% (78/191) at clinic entry, there was no correlation between BP control and length of follow-up. Both initial systolic and diastolic BP stage appeared to influence the timing of medication initiation (OR=2.4, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Our results identify that most children in our clinic with hypertension are obese and require medications for BP control, similar to adult populations. ACEIs are the most common medication class used for management, followed closely by CCBs. Systolic and diastolic BP, specifically at the level of stage 2 hypertension, was found to strongly influence medication initiation at initial visit.
Logic Models—Tools to Bridge the Theory-Research-Practice Divide
Authors: Chén C. Kenyon, Deepak Palakshappa, Chris Feudtner
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Ireland orders inquiry into “barbaric” obstetric practices
Authors: Doug Payne
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The Irish health minister has ordered an investigation by the Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists into the use by some surgeons, 40 to 50 years ago, of procedures to open the pelvis as an alternative to caesarean sections.

The minister's statement in the legislature came after one of the national newspapers ran an interview with a 70 year old Dublin woman who said she had been incontinent and in severe pain since surgery in 1958, which she described as ruining her life.

“It was the most excruciating thing I'll ever experience,” …