tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA markers of inflammation and remodelling in temporal arteries from patients with giant cell arteritis
Authors: Stefania Croci, Alessandro Zerbini, Luigi Boiardi, Francesco Muratore, Alessandra Bisagni, Davide Nicoli, Enrico Farnetti, Giulia Pazzola, Luca Cimino, Antonio Moramarco, Alberto Cavazza, Bruno Casali, Maria Parmeggiani, Carlo Salvarani
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

<h3>Objectives</h3> There is increasing evidence that microRNAs (miRNAs) are deregulated in autoimmune and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to identify if miRNAs are deregulated in giant cell arteritis (GCA), a vasculitis affecting large-sized and medium-sized arteries, and to determine if miRNA levels might allow to discriminate between patients with GCA and those without. <h3>Methods</h3> 58 patients who had temporal artery biopsy (TAB) for suspected GCA were included in the study and divided into three groups: patients with TAB-positive GCA showing a transmural inflammation (n=27), patients with TAB-negative GCA (n=8) and TAB-negative non-GCA patients with a final diagnosis different from GCA (n=23). To identify candidate miRNAs deregulated in GCA, we profiled the expression of 1209 miRNAs in inflamed TABs and normal TABs. Selected miRNAs were then validated by real-time PCRs and in situ hybridisation (ISH). <h3>Results</h3> MiR-146b-5p, -146a, -155, -150, -21 and -299-5p were significantly more expressed in inflamed TABs from patients with GCA. miRNAs were mainly deregulated at the tissue level because peripheral blood mononuclear cells and polymorphonuclear cells from the three groups of patients and age-matched healthy controls had similar levels of miRNAs. ISH showed that miR-21 was mainly expressed by cells in the medial and intimal layers of inflamed TABs. Patients with TAB-negative GCA had a miRNA profile similar to TAB-negative non-GCA patients. <h3>Conclusions</h3> MiR-146b-5p, -146a, -21, -150, -155, -299-5p are overexpressed in the presence of inflammation in TABs from patients with GCA.
Desyat Let Deyatelnosti Leningradskovo Onkologitcheskovo Institute (1926–1936) (“Ten-Year Activities of the Leningrad Oncologic Institute, 1926–36”): By N. N. Petrov, and S. A. Kholdin. In Russian, with French summaries. Leningrad: medgiz, Narkomzdrav SSSR, 1938, Pp. 465.
Authors: Michael B. Shimkin
Journal: Cancer Research (1950)
Intracorporeal Papaverine Injection in Androgen Deprived Men
Authors: H W Gilbert, D A Gillatt, K M Desai, J C Gingell
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1990)

The intracorporeal injection of papaverine (ICP) is now a well recognized therapeutic option in the management of impotence. The current treatment of advanced prostatic carcinoma causes erectile failure. Although intracorporeal papaverine can induce erections in these men, libido is also reduced so that the role of ICP is limited to those men complying with the wishes of a highly motivated partner.
A novel, dual cytokine-secretion assay for the purification of human Th22 cells that do not co-produce IL-17A
Authors: M. Wawrzyniak, U. Ochsner, O. Wirz, P. Wawrzyniak, W. van de Veen, C. A. Akdis, M. Akdis
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Interleukin-22 is produced by certain T helper cells subsets (Th17, Th22) and at lower levels by γ-δ T cells, NKT and innate lymphoid cells. Th22 cells are unique immune cells that regulate tissue responses by IL-22 production. The exact discrimination between Th17 cells that co-produce IL-22 and single IL-22-producing Th22 cells has not been possible until the present study. Isolation of pure Th22 cells without co-expression of cytokines of other T-cell subsets is essential to better understand their function in humans. The aim of this study is the isolation and characterization of viable, human IL-22-producing CD4+ T cells that do not produce IL-17A.Isolation of viable Th22 cells was performed with the combination of two cytokine secretion assays detecting IL-17A- and IL-22-producing cells in a single purification step.The newly developed cytokine secretion assay consists of anti-IL-22 and anti-IL-17A catch antibodies, which via biotin-streptavidin interaction are bound to the biotinylated surface of the target cell, and anti-IL-22 and IL-17A detection antibody labelled with a fluorescent dye, which detects cytokines bound to these catch antibodies. A unique population of human Th22 cells, which do not produce IL-17A, was sorted, and cytokine expression pattern was confirmed by quantitative PCR analysis and ELISA. The presented technique allows the detection and isolation of pure human Th22 cells.This technique may allow the purification of any single cytokine-producing cell subset, and the combination of several different cytokine secretion assays can be used to purify and characterize novel and unique cell subsets.
Endometrial Sarcomas in Mice: A Survey of 130 Cases
Authors: Ivan Chouroulinkov, Jean-Claude Guillon, Maurice Guérin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Anatomical studies on morbidity were made on 130 uterine tumors which originated in the endometrial stroma. They invaded the wall of the uterus, formed distant metastases, and developed ascites forms. They may justifiably be called endometrial sarcomas. The importance of strain and environment in the formation of these tumors is discussed. The main factor seems to be the environment, which increases the incidence of endometrial sarcomas by creating an abnormal endocrine state.
Randomized comparison of interferon-alpha with busulfan and hydroxyurea in chronic myelogenous leukemia. The German CML Study Group [see comments]
Authors: R Hehlmann, H Heimpel, J Hasford, HJ Kolb, H Pralle, DK Hossfeld, W Queisser, H Loffler, A Hochhaus, B Heinze
Journal: Blood (1994)
Protection of Cats Against Feline Leukemia Virus-Positive and Virus-Negative Tumors by Complement-Dependent Antibody23
Authors: Chris K. Grant, Daniel Harris, Myron E. Essex, David K. Pickard, William D. Hardy, Fernando de Noronha
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Protection of Cats Against Feline Leukemia Virus-Positive and Virus-Negative Tumors by Complement-Dependent Antibody Get access Chris K. Grant, Chris K. Grant Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Daniel Harris, Daniel Harris Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Myron E. Essex, Myron E. Essex Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David K. Pickard, David K. Pickard Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar William D. Hardy, William D. Hardy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fernando de Noronha Fernando de Noronha Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 6, June 1980, Pages 1527–1533, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.6.1527 Published: 01 June 1980 Article history Received: 10 October 1979 Accepted: 27 November 1979 Published: 01 June 1980
Aerobic training decreases bronchial hyperresponsiveness, serum chemokines and symptoms in asthmatic patients: Randomized controlled trial
Authors: Felipe Mendes, Andrezza França-Pinto, Alberto Cukier, Rafael Stelmach, Rosana Agondi, Milton A. Martins, Jorge Kalil, Pedro Giavina-Bianchi, Celso R.F. Carvalho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a hallmark in asthma and related with airway inflammation and asthma symptoms. Although aerobic training (AT) has been shown to reduce airway inflammation in asthmatics, its effect on BHR and systemic inflammation remains unknown. Objective : To evaluate the effect of AT on BHR, serum chemokine, and asthma symptoms in patients with moderate or severe asthma. Methods: Third-six patients (42±10years; FEV1=76.8±21.4% predicted) clinically well-controlled were randomly assigned to either control (CG, n=18) or trained group (TG, n=18). Patients in the CG (educational program+breathing exercises) and TG (similar to CG+AT) were followed 2x/week for 3 - month period with no change in corticosteroid consumption. All patients underwent broncoprovocation test, serum chemokines analysis (MCP-1, IP-10, and MIG), and filled in a daily symptoms diary . Results : At baseline the groups were similar in all outcomes. After 3 months, only TG increased PC20 (0.7±1.8 vs. 1.9±4.0 mg/mL, p<0.01), reduced MCP-1 (25.4±16.2 vs. 20.4±12.2pg/mL, p<0.01) and enhanced days without asthma symptoms (12±10 vs. 16±12days, p=0.02) compared with baseline data. Conclusions: Our results show for the first time that aerobic training reduces BHR, serum chemokines and symptoms in asthmatic patients. Supported by FAPESP.
Validation design for a method to determine respiratory resistance and compliance in non-sedated patients
Authors: Kristel Lopez-Navas, Hartmut Gehring, Ullrich Wenkebach
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Advantageous ventilation modes like pressure support PS require the accurate setting of parameters based on individual characteristics of the patient9s respiratory system. As these change, a method for their continuous meas-urement is necessary.  We tested a validation setup for the “Occlusion +Delta” method (Delta-Inst principle focused on expiratory occlusions) by estimating respiratory resistance R and compliance C using flow and pressure data gained from a software-controlled lung simulator programmed to represent four cases with increasing works of breathing and available real data from 6 volunteers and 6 patients. Using the delivered values the transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) was reconstructed as repre-sentation of muscular effort.  The measured Pdi and its reconstruction were compared using the inspiratory Pressure Time Product (PTPinsp). The correlation from simulated data was high (R2 =0.90±0.05) permitting to validate the relevant analysis systems, but the correlation from real data was low (under 0.68) which was associated to difficulties at measuring Pdi without artifacts and compliances unwantedly attached to the system.  We present now a test setup and methodology to investigate real data more accurately. This includes measurement of flow, airway- and transdiaphragmatic pressure from volunteers with minimized susceptibility to artifacts, improved control of mechanical problems and higher sampling rate. The integration of hardware required for occlusion to the ventilator and experienced measurement of Pdi intend to increase the ability to correctly determine the parameters using software for improved recognition of outliers including online analysis.
How frequent is bronchodilator reversibility in patients with stable asthma bronchiale and chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) receiving maintenance therapy
Authors: Veronika Muller, Gabriella Galffy, Marta Orosz, Zsuzsanna Kovats, Gyorgy Losonczy, Lilla Tamasi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Lung function measurement is the most important tool in the diagnosis and differentiation of obstructive lung diseases. While asthma is characterized by variable bronchial obstruction, increase of airway resistance is mostly irreversible in COPD. As response to short acting bronchodilators seems highly variable, we tested bronchodilator reversibility in stable asthma and COPD patients receiving standard care.  In patients treated with stable COPD (N=77, male: female=43:57%, age: 62,0±3,5 years) or asthma (N=57, male: female=33:67%, age: 46,6±7,4 years) pre- and postbronchodilator values of bodypletysmography measurements were analyzed using 400 ug salbutamol via easyhaler® (Buventol, Orion Pharma, Finland) during their regular out-patient visit.  Smoking was significantly more common in COPD than asthma patients (90 vs. 37%; p  High proportion of COPD patients, whereas low proportion of asthmatics on regular treatment is showing ATS/ERS guideline defined reversibility using salbutamol easyhaler. Re-evaluation of diagnosis and/or therapy might follow these results.
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning and the Eye
Authors: Alastair Denniston
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

In his review of carbon monoxide poisoning (June 2001 JRSM, pp. 270-272) Dr Blumenthal draws attention to the confusing array of non-specific symptoms and signs which may characterize this potentially fatal condition. It should be noted, however, that the often neglected examination of ophthalmoscopy may reveal valuable clues to the diagnosis. Blumenthal comments that retinal haemorrhages are rarely seen. This may reflect more on the thoroughness of examination than on the actual prevalence of this sign. Ophthalmoscopy is many a physician's ‘blind spot’, and poor equipment and the avoidance of mydriatics in an emergency may exacerbate this. Indeed in one case-series retinal haemorrhages were found in all patients with carbon monoxide exposure of more than 12 hours (comprising about half of the patients in that series)1.

Case studies and series suggest that the retinal haemorrhages may occur superficially or deeper in the nerve fibre layer (flame haemorrhages), with a tendency to be peripapillary. Venous changes include engorgement and tortuosity, whilst oedema of the optic disc may also be noted. In general terms these changes reflect the extent of the hypoxic insult to the retina2.

Electrodiagnostic tests can detect subtle changes in visual function associated with carbon monoxide poisoning. These changes are typical of optic neuropathy and suggest that this toxic neuropathy shares aetiological mechanisms with tobacco amblyopia3. Interestingly, smokers appear to be particularly vulnerable to additional environmental carbon monoxide, with adverse effects on dark adaptation and light sensitivity4. Whilst such electrodiagnostic tests are not available in an emergency, careful ophthalmoscopy may greatly assist diagnosis of this insidious and life-threatening condition.
Rise in US autism cases is mostly due to changes in diagnosis, study claims:
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

An apparent fourfold rise in autism cases in the United States in the first decade of the 21st century was mostly due to the reclassification of children with neurodevelopmental disorders rather than a true spike in cases, research published in the American Journal of Medical Genetics has shown.1

Statistics from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention showed that the prevalence of autism had rocketed from 1 in 5000 in 1975 to 1 in 150 in 2002 and to 1 in 68 in 2012. These figures were already widely suspected to represent changes in diagnostic practice …
Brain Tumors Induced by Rous Sarcoma Virus, Schmidt-Ruppin Strain. III. Morphology of Brain Tumors Induced in Adult Mice2
Authors: Toshiro Kumanishi, Fusahiro Ikuta, Tadashi Yamamoto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Brain Tumors Induced by Rous Sarcoma Virus, Schmidt-Ruppin Strain. III. Morphology of Brain Tumors Induced in Adult Mice Get access Toshiro Kumanishi, Toshiro Kumanishi Department of Neuropathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; and Department of Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fusahiro Ikuta, Fusahiro Ikuta Department of Neuropathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; and Department of Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Tadashi Yamamoto Tadashi Yamamoto Department of Neuropathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan; and Department of Oncology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 1, January 1973, Pages 95–109, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.1.95 Published: 01 January 1973 Article history Received: 15 June 1972 Accepted: 27 September 1972 Published: 01 January 1973
Intra-Abdominal Adhesions and Their Prevention by Topical Tissue Plasminogen Activator
Authors: D Menzies, H Ellis
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1989)

Recent work shows that a common pathway in adhesion production is a reduction in local plasminogen activator activity (PAA). This deficit permits deposited surface fibrin to become organized to fibrous adhesions. A rabbit model for adhesion formation was used to assess the effect of replacing the deficit with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Adhesions were produced by stripping peritoneum from corresponding parietal and visceral areas. One week later the adhesions were divided. Either rt-PA or placebo was applied to the divided adhesion. After a further week the animal was killed and the adhesions assessed. Sixty strips were performed. Fifty-five adhesions were produced (92%). Placebo gel was applied to 28 sides and rt-PA applied to 27. Twenty-two of the placebo group recurred (79%). Two of the rt-PA group reformed (7%, chi 2 = 20.883, P less than 0.001). Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator is an effective inhibitor of adhesion formation in the experimental animal.
Maternal and fetal outcome after invasive cervical cancer in pregnancy.
Authors: D Zemlickis, M Lishner, P Degendorfer, T Panzarella, S B Sutcliffe, G Koren
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Invasive carcinoma of the cervix is the most common gynecologic malignancy to occur during the reproductive years. To analyze the effects of pregnancy on the course and survival of invasive cervical cancer, we compared 40 women with invasive cervical cancer to 89 nonpregnant controls matched for age, calendric year of diagnosis, stage, and tumor type. Additionally, we compared the distribution of invasive cervical cancer stages among the 40 pregnant women with that among the 1,963 cases of invasive cervical cancer treated during the same 30 years in women less than 45 years of age registered in the same hospital. To evaluate pregnancy outcome, we compared babies born to women with invasive cervical cancer to babies born of women matched for maternal age and not exposed to known teratogens or reproductive risks during pregnancy. Thirty-year survival of pregnant women with invasive cervical cancer was identical to that of their matched controls. Women having invasive cervical cancer were 3.1 times more likely to be diagnosed with stage I disease (95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 6.2). Additionally, they had a significantly lower chance of being diagnosed with stages III and IV (P = .02). Babies born to women with invasive cervical cancer were similar in gestational age and rates of prematurity but had a lower birth weight than the matched controls. There were two stillbirths among the 24 pregnancies that continued to term (8%), not statistically different from the 1.1% rate for Ontario. Our data suggest that pregnancy per se does not adversely affect the survival of women with invasive cervical cancer. However, this study provides evidence that pregnant women are more likely to present with early disease because of regular, pregnancy-related obstetric exams. Moreover, there is an increased risk for stillbirth, which should lead to follow-up of these patients by a high-risk perinatal unit.
Use of lipids in a murine model of ALI and lymphocyte apoptosis – Harmful or beneficial?
Authors: Juliane Ott, Britta Bausch, Matthias Rose, Andrea Mohr, Matthias Hecker, Werner Seeger, Konstantin Mayer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Acute lung injury (ALI) and sepsis remain major challenges in critical care. While a massive inflammation determines early sepsis, apoptosis of lymphocytes is a hallmark of late sepsis. Lipid emulsions (LE) based on soybean oil (SO) are used in critically ill to maintain caloric intake. Fish oil (FO) based LE are considered as alternative with immunmodulatory impact. We investigated the effects of LE in a murine model of ALI.  Mice were infused with SO, FO or NaCl. 24h after intratracheal instillation of 10μg lipopolysaccharid (LPS), a bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed to determine numbers of leukocytes, protein and cytokines. Lymphocytes were isolated from spleen and apoptosis was determined by FACS.  LPS induced a massive invasion of leukocytes into the airspace compared to unstimulated controls. Infusion of SO amplified whereas FO attenuated the rise. Both, protein and TNF exhibited a LPS-induced rise which was further increased by SO. Infusion of FO reduced protein as well as TNF after LPS.  Before LPS, infusion of SO induced a significant rise in apoptosis of lymphocytes. After LPS, a reduced number of lymphocytes accompanied with a rise in apoptosis were detected in all groups with FO infused mice showing significantly less apoptosis compared to SO.  In a murine model of ALI the choice of lipid emulsions is able to influence inflammatory parameters. Induction of ALI is paralleled by reduced lymphocytes with increased apoptosis in the spleen. SO leads to massive apoptosis in lymphocytes even before ALI. Infusion of FO attenuated the rise in ALI-induced apoptosis. Modulating the lipid emulsions used for nutrition may be relevant for critically ill and may have impact on outcome.
The Role of Follicular Helper T Cell Molecules and Environmental Influences in Autoantibody Production and Progression to Inflammatory Arthritis in Mice
Authors: Nina Chevalier, Laurence Macia, Jian K. Tan, Linda J. Mason, Remy Robert, Alison N. Thorburn, Connie H. Y. Wong, Louis M. Tsai, Katherine Bourne, Robert Brink, Di Yu, Charles R. Mackay
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Objective Antibody‐mediated autoimmunity involves cognate interactions between self‐reactive T cells and B cells during germinal center (GC) reactions. The aim of this study was to determine the role of essential follicular helper T (Tfh) cell molecules (CXCR5, signaling lymphocytic activation molecule–associated protein) on autoreactive CD4+ cells and the role of certain environmental influences that may determine GC‐driven autoantibody production and arthritis development. Methods We transferred self‐reactive CD4+ cells from KRN‐Tg mice into recipient mice, which induced autoantibodies and autoinflammatory arthritis. This model allowed manipulation of environmental effects, such as inflammation, and use of transferred cells that were genetically deficient in important Tfh cell–associated molecules. Results A deficiency of signaling lymphocytic activation molecule–associated protein (SAP) in CD4+ cells from KRN‐Tg mice completely protected against arthritis, indicating that stable T cell–B cell interactions are required for GC formation, autoantibody production, and arthritis induction. In contrast, a CXCR5 deficiency in CD4+ cells from KRN‐Tg mice still induced disease when these cells were transferred into wild‐type mice, suggesting that T cell help for B cells could rely on other migration mechanisms. However, various manipulations influenced this system, including elimination of bystander effects through use of CD28 −/− recipient mice (reduced disease) or use of inflammation‐inducing Freund's complete adjuvant (progression to arthritis). We also examined the capacity of preexisting GCs with a nonautoimmune specificity to co‐opt autoimmune T cells and observed no evidence for any influence. Conclusion In addition to the quality and quantity of cognate CD4+ cell help, external factors such as inflammation and noncognate CD4+ cell bystander activation trigger autoimmunity by shaping events within autoimmune GC responses. SAP is an essential molecule for autoimmune antibody production, whereas the importance of CXCR5 varies depending on the circumstances.