tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Encephalitogenic Protein, PPD, and Tetanus Toxoid on Leukocyte Migration in Agarose
Authors: Bengt Källén, Olle Nilsson
Journal: Allergy (1979)

The reactivity to three antigens: bovine encephalitogenic protein (EP), PPD, and tetanus toxoid, was studied with blood leukocytes from healthy humans using Clausen's (5) leukocyte migration in agarose technique. There is an obvious correlation between the reactivity to EP (all concentrations studied) and to low concentrations of PPD; and between the reactivity to low concentrations of EP and low concentrations of tetanus toxoid. After vaccination with tetanus vaccine, a marked increase in reactivity to the toxoid sometimes occurred: at the same time, a marked reactivity to EP appeared. Various explanations are discussed: a true immunological cross‐reactivity, that the correlations are due to a variability in individual response with respect to lymphokine production, and that BCG and tetanus vaccinations produce an adjuvant effect increasing a pre‐existing low reactivity to EP.
Immunologic Stimuli in Relation to Leukemogenesis. I. Potentiation of Rauscher Viral Leukemia by Freund's Adjuvants&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Benjamin V. Siegel, Jane I. Morton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Accelerated erythroleukemia and deaths occurred in BALB/c mice given intraperitoneal injections of complete Freund's adjuvant 10 days before to 3 days after inoculation with Rauscher virus. Increased leukemic deaths were also noted in mice pretreated with incomplete Freund's adjuvant. Complete adjuvant injection 3 days before exposure to 500 R X irradiation eventuated in a tenfold increase in endogenous spleen colony formation, which indicated stimulation of stem cell proliferation. Similar adjuvant administration at various times before intraperifoneal or intravenous immunization with sheep erythrocytes also produced twofold to threefold increases in peak numbers of spleen antibody plaque-forming cells. It would appear that an augmented viral target-cell population rather than immunologic enhancement was responsible for the potentiation of Rauscher leukemogenesis by adjuvant treatment.
Prolonged Survival for Melanoma Patients With Elevated IgM Antibody to Oncofetal Antigen&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P C Jones, L L Sze, P Y Liu, D L Morton, R F Irie
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Antibody directed against a cultured melanoma cell line known to express an oncofetal antigen was measured in sera obtained from patients with stage II melanomas. This study was undertaken to determine if an inhibiting or enhancing effect on tumor growth would be suggested by a positive or negative correlation of antibody levels with tumor recurrence or patient survival. A positive correlation with disease-free interval and survival was detected among patients who had high levels of the IgM class of antibody before and shortly after surgery for state II disease. The IgG class of antibody over the period measured did not correlate consistently with tumor recurrence. Absorption of the IgM antibody with fetal brain confirmed that the dominant detectable reactivity was directed to the oncofetal antigen. The relevance of these findings is related to that of other evidence indicating that immunity to fetal antigens expressed on tumor cells is a participant in host-tumor interaction.
Biochemical and Morphologic Evidence for the Presence of an RNA Tumor Virus in Pulmonary Carcinoma of Sheep (Jaagsiekte) 2
Authors: K. Perk, R. Michalides, S. Spiegelman, J. Schlom
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Biochemical and Morphologic Evidence for the Presence of an RNA Tumor Virus in Pulmonary Carcinoma of Sheep (Jaagsiekte) Get access K. Perk, K. Perk 4National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. Michalides, R. Michalides Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Spiegelman, S. Spiegelman 6Institute of Cancer Research, Columbia University, University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, N.Y. 10032. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Schlom J. Schlom 4National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Bethesda, Md. 20014. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 1, July 1974, Pages 131–135, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.1.131 Published: 01 July 1974 Article history Received: 18 September 1973 Revision received: 08 March 1974 Accepted: 19 March 1974 Published: 01 July 1974
Locoregional chemotherapy with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in patients with hepatic malignancies
Authors: M. C. Merlano, E. Fea, C. Granetto, M. Occelli, O. Garrone, M. Grosso
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

4252 Background: Doxorubicin (D) is the most widely employed drug in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and biliary tract cancer (BTC). The systemic administration is frequently hampered by its liver toxicity. Hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) has been tested in the hope of reducing toxicity. Unfortunately, results showed no major toxicity reduction. PLD has low systemic toxicity. Available data on HCC and BTC show similar activity between PLD and D. However, in our knowledge, there are not yet data with PLD administered via HAI in HCC and BTC. Methods: This is a phase II study. Following the embolization of gastroduodenal and/or accessory hepatic artery, a catheter for HAI was implanted into the hepatic artery, using a transaxillary access. PLD was administered in a 24-hour continuous infusion at a dose of 35 mg/m2 every three weeks. Dexamethasone 8 mg was added to PLD infusion to prevent chemical liver toxicity. Results: A total of 13 patients over 48 months (m) were recruited in this study. All of them are evaluable for toxicity. There were no serious adverse effects during treatment. The most relevant grade 3 toxicity included leucopenia (15%), thrombocytopenia (15%), anemia (8%), palmar-plantar erythrodysaesthesia (8%) and transient liver disorders (8%). Of the 12 patients evaluable for response (1 patient ongoing), a CT scan confirmed complete response recorded in one patient with BTC (DFS 12 m, OS 22 m); a partial response (PFS 4 m, OS 8 m) and 2 stable disease (PFS 6 and 13 m, OS 25 and 17 m respectively) were obtained in patients with HCC; a reduction of α - feto protein value was observed in one additional case; progressive disease occurred in 7 patients, 3 BTC and 4 HCC. Median survival of HCC were 8 months (range 5 -12+ m). Median survival for BTC were 6 months (range 2 -25 m). Conclusions: HAI PLD has an acceptable toxicity. In particular we did not record any treatment interrumption due to toxicity. In light of the observed good compliance and of the activity shown, further study could by justified. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Orthopaedic management in four cases of mucolipidosis type III
Authors: C Hetherington, N J Harris, T W D Smith
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1999)

Four patients with mucolipidosis type III, three of them brothers, were seen initially in the first two decades of life. Their main symptoms were carpal tunnel syndrome, trigger fingers and generalized joint stiffness. Radiographs showed spinal deformities and hip dysplasia, but these were not causing pain. Carpal tunnel syndrome was treated surgically but joint stiffness and hip and knee contractures were managed by physiotherapy. Up to the age of 24 none of these patients has had pelvic osteotomy for hip dysplasia; this operation, not yet reported in mucolipidosis type III, may eventually be necessary.
Hyperfractionated radiation therapy with or without concurrent low-dose daily carboplatin/etoposide for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomized study.
Authors: B Jeremic, Y Shibamoto, L Acimovic, S Milisavljevic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of concurrent hyperfractionated radiation therapy (HFX RT) and low-dose daily chemotherapy (CHT) in stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 1990 and December 1991, 131 patients with histologically or cytologically confirmed stage III NSCLC, Karnofsky performance status (KPS) &gt; or = 50, and no previous therapy were randomly treated as follows: group I, HFX RT with 1.2 Gy twice daily to a total dose of 69.6 Gy (n = 66); and group II, same HFX RT with CHT consisting of 50 mg of carboplatin (CBDCA) and 50 mg of etoposide (VP-16) given on each RT day (n = 65). RESULTS Group II patients had a significantly longer survival time than group I patients, with a median survival of 22 versus 14 months and 4-year survival rates of 23% versus 9% (P = .021). The median time to local recurrence and 4-year local recurrence-free survival rate were also significantly higher in group II than in group I (25 v 20 months and 42% v 19% respectively, P = .015). In contrast, the distant metastasis-free survival rate did not significantly differ in the two groups (P = .33). The two groups showed similar incidence of acute and late high-grade toxicity (P = .44 and .75, respectively). No treatment-related toxicity was observed. CONCLUSION The combination of HFX RT and low-dose daily CBDCA plus VP-16 was tolerable and improved the survival of patients with stage III NSCLC as a result of improved local control.
Patients With t(8;21)(q22;q22) and Acute Myeloid Leukemia Have Superior Failure-Free and Overall Survival When Repetitive Cycles of High-Dose Cytarabine Are Administered
Authors: John C. Byrd, Richard K. Dodge, Andrew Carroll, Maria R. Baer, Colin Edwards, Judith Stamberg, Mazin Qumsiyeh, Joseph O. Moore, Robert J. Mayer, Frederick Davey, Charles A. Schiffer, Clara D. Bloomfield
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: To examine the effect of single compared with repetitive (at least three) cycles of high-dose cytarabine after induction therapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who have the t(8;21)(q22;q22) karyotype. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients entered onto the study had AML and t(8;21) and attained a complete remission on four successive Cancer and Leukemia Group B studies. In these studies, either ≥ three cycles of high-dose cytarabine or one cycle of high-dose cytarabine was administered, followed by sequential cyclophosphamide/etoposide and mitoxantrone/diaziquone with or without filgrastim support. Outcomes of these two groups of t(8;21) patients were compared. RESULTS: A total of 50 patients with centrally reviewed AML and t(8;21) were assigned to receive one (n = 29) or ≥ three cycles (n = 21) of high-dose cytarabine as postinduction therapy. The clinical features of these two groups of patients were similar. Initial remission duration for t(8;21) patients assigned to one cycle of high-dose cytarabine was significantly inferior (P = .03), with 62% of patients experiencing relapse with a median failure-free survival of 10.5 months, compared with the group of patients who received ≥ three cycles, in which only 19% experienced relapse and failure-free survival is estimated to be greater than 35 months. Furthermore, overall survival was also significantly compromised (P = .04) in patients assigned to one cycle of high-dose cytarabine, with 59% having died as a consequence of AML, compared with 24% of those who received ≥ three cycles of high-dose cytarabine. CONCLUSION: These data demonstrate that failure-free survival and overall survival of patients with t(8;21)(q22;q22) may be compromised by treatment approaches that do not include sequential high-dose cytarabine therapy.
Bleomycin primes monocytes-macrophages for superoxide production
Authors: DO Slosman, PM Costabella, M Roth, G Werlen, BS Polla
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

Bleomycin (BLM) induces lung inflammation and subsequent fibrosis in humans and animal models. We hypothesized that monocytes-macrophages represent target cells for BLM toxicity and participate in the initial stages of pulmonary inflammation. We developed an animal model of early lung lesions using systemic administration of BLM (2 U.100 g-1 body weight over 5 days) (BLM-rats). We observed a significant decrease in body weight and in serum angiotensin converting enzyme activity in BLM-rats as compared to matched controls rats, but no evidence of fibrosis was seen in optic microscopy of the lungs from BLM-rats. In contrast, electron microscopy revealed accumulation of intracapillary polymorphonuclear leucocytes and unusual presence of eosinophils. We then investigated the in vivo effects of BLM on the respiratory burst of monocytes-macrophages. As compared to control rats, production of superoxide (O2-) by alveolar macrophages from BLM-rats was increased upon stimulation with either phorbol myristate acetate (21.04 +/- 2.78 versus 11.45 +/- 2.26 nmol.10(6) cells.20 min-1, p less than 0.05) or opsonized zymosan (9.35 +/- 0.87 versus 7.03 +/- 0.66 nmol.10(6) cells.20 min-1, p less than 0.05). We also found in BLM-rats an increased number of circulating monocytes and an increased production of O2- by these cells. Monocytes-macrophages may represent a target cell in the early events of BLM toxicity in vivo and the increased production of O2- by these cells participates in tissue injury in pulmonary fibrosis.
Experimental Therapies and Clinical Trials in Bone Sarcoma
Authors: Rashmi Chugh
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

Sarcomas originating in the bone represent a challenge for physicians and patients. Because they constitute only 0.2% of all adult malignancies and 6% of pediatric malignancies, resources for studying this disease are often limited. Nonetheless, significant advancements have been made in the treatment of this disease, and there are ongoing efforts toward improvement. This article discusses recently completed and currently enrolling clinical trials for the 3 most common bone sarcomas: osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma family tumors, and chondrosarcoma.
Atopic babies with wheezy bronchitis
Authors: G. Geller‐Bernstein, R. Kenett, L. Weisglass, S. Tsur, M. Lahav, S. Levin
Journal: Allergy (1987)

Clinical course and sequential IgE values were recorded in a 4-year prospective study of 80 atopic wheezing babies at ages from 6 months to 4-5 years. At final assessment, 68% of the children had been symptom-free for at least 1 year whilst 32% still suffered from wheezing attacks. Total IgE levels from the first visit until final assessment were greater than 2 SD above normal for age in 63% of all children, but no significant correlation could be found between sequential IgE levels and the clinical picture or course of the disease. In all cases IgE levels rose steadily with increasing age, independently of whether wheezing disappeared or persisted. The most significant rise in IgE values occurred between 1 and 2 years of age, and IgE levels at 4 years could be predicted by the value at the age of 2 years (r = 0.97). In the group of children that lost their wheezing tendency there was: a significantly greater number of infants that were breast-fed during at least the first 3 months of life (P less than 0.01), a lower incidence of exposure to parental smoking (P less than 0.01), and a lesser incidence of lower respiratory tract infections (P less than 0.01). Though there was no correlation between increase of IgE levels and type of feeding or exposure to cigarette smoke, statistical data confirms that bottle feeding and parental smoking lead to persistence of wheezing in atopic children.
Natural history of impetigo
Authors: Adnan S. Dajani, Patricia Ferrieri, Lewis W. Wannamaker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Intensive observations on 37 children in a population with endemic skin infections provided an opportunity to study the interrelationships between and the significance of the bacterial genera commonly associated with impetigo. Cultures of the respiratory tract, three normal skin sites, and lesions, when present, were taken three times weekly from July to October 1969. Impetigo developed in all 37 children. Group A streptococci alone were recovered from 21% of 361 lesions, Staphylococcus aureus alone from 8%, Staphylococcus epidermidis alone from 5% and mixtures of streptococci and staphylococci from 61%. Vesicular or pustular lesions were more often pure streptococcal than pure staphylococcal. Streptococci alone were more often recovered from early stage lesions rather than from later ones. The pure staphylococcal lesions characteristically occurred early in the season whereas streptococcal or mixed lesions had later peaks.Serial observations on 74 lesions revealed longer persistence of streptococci than staphylococci in mixed lesions. In 85% of the instances the same streptococcal serotype was recovered repeatedly from an individual lesion, whereas staphylococcal types changed in 57% of instances. Phage type 75 accounted for the majority of staphylococcal isolates from all sites, whereas phage type 54 was recovered only from skin lesions. In contrast to streptococci, the site sequence of staphylococcal spread was from the nose to normal skin to skin lesions. These studies reveal important differences in the migration of staphylococci (as compared with streptococci) to various body sites and suggest a subsidiary role for staphylococci in nonbullous impetiginous lesions yielding both organisms.
Abstract P135: Hypothermia Regulation of Akt and p53 Results in Increased Survival in a Cardiomyocyte Model of Ischemia/Reperfusion and Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Willard W Sharp, Zuohui Shao, Chang-Qing Li, Phillip Long, Jing Li, Terry Vanden Hoek, Kimm Hamann
Journal: Circulation (2008)

While therapeutic hypothermia appears to be highly protective against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury associated with cardiac arrest, its mechanism is not entirely known. We have previously shown in a cellular model of cardiac arrest, that I/R injury results in apoptotic cell death and that hypothermia attenuates caspase-mediated apoptosis and cell death. In this study, we hypothesized that hypothermia protection involves modulation of two critical regulators of apoptosis, Akt and p53. Using our established model of in vitro I/R injury (Ischemia 70 min/Reperfusion 3 hours) in chick cardiomyocytes, western blot analysis demonstrated that phospho(Ser473)Akt (pAkt-Ser473) and phospho(Thr308)Akt (pAkt-Thr308) decreased from baseline levels to near undetectable levels during ischemia and 15 minutes into reperfusion. In contrast, total p53 levels went from low baseline levels to elevated levels as early as 15 minutes into reperfusion. Hypothermia (25°C) during the last 10 minutes of ischemia and into the firs...
Suppression of Mammary Tumorigenesis in C3H/He Mice by Ovariectomy or Treatment With 2-Bromo- α -ergocryptine: A Comparison 2
Authors: Clifford W. Welsch, Linda K. Lambrecht, Clare C. Hassett
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

We compared the effects of chronic treatment with 2-Br-α-ergocryptine (CB-154) and of ovariectomy on the genesis of mammary hyperplastic nodules (HN) and mammary tumors in the C3H/He mouse. CB-154 is an established potent suppressor of pituitary prolactin. Eighty-five 21- to 25-day-old female mice were divided into three groups. Group I received daily sc injections of 0.1 mg CB-154. Group II was ovariectomized and group III served as controls. Mice were examined weekly for mammary tumors. Fifteen months from onset of treatment all surviving mice were killed. The mean number of HN per inguinal mammary gland, total number of mammary tumors, and number (percent) of mice with mammary tumors in each group were, respectively: controls—4.6±1.1, 41, 24/29 (83%); ovariectomized—1.2±0.6, 20, 14/28 (50%); and CB-154-treated—0.2±0.1, 16, 13/28 (46%). A significant (P<0.001) and equally comparable inhibition of mammary tumor incidence was observed in the ovariectomized and CB-154-treated mice. Thus early ovariectomy and CB-154 treatment (specific inhibition of prolactin secretion) appeared equally effective in the prophylaxis of mammary tumorigenesis in the C3H/He female mouse.
The Discoidin Domain Receptor 2/Annexin A2/Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 Loop Promotes Joint Destruction in Arthritis Through Promoting Migration and Invasion of Fibroblast‐like Synoviocytes
Authors: Wei Zhao, Cun Zhang, Man Shi, Jian Zhang, Meng Li, Xiaochang Xue, Zhao Zhang, Zhen Shu, Jinyu Zhu, Nan Mu, Weina Li, Qiang Hao, Zhijun Wang, Li Gong, Wei Zhang, Yingqi Zhang
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective Discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR‐2)/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) signaling is an important pathway involved in cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the molecular mechanisms of this pathway have not been clearly identified. This study was undertaken to screen key molecules involved in this pathway and evaluate their biologic functions in synovium invasion of RA. Methods DDR‐2–interacting proteins were examined in vitro by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, and annexin A2 was acquired. The effects of annexin A2 on fibroblast‐like synoviocyte (FLS) migration were evaluated using a Transwell invasion assay and an Erasion trace test. In Ddr2 −/− mice with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA), hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining, immunohistochemical analysis, and Western blot analysis were used to assess expression of DDR‐2, annexin A2, and MMP‐13, as well as synovial hyperplasia. Rats with CIA were treated with lentivirus annexin A2 small interfering RNA (siRNA), and annexin A2 siRNA effects on joint damage were analyzed based upon arthritis index scores and results of micro–computed tomography and H&amp;E staining. The differences between annexin A2 expression in clinical samples from RA and osteoarthritis patients were compared using Western blotting. Results Annexin 2 was identified for the first time as a DDR‐2 binding protein. It may be phosphorylated by phospho–DDR‐2, leading to MMP‐13 secretion. The annexin A2 phosphorylation level and MMP‐13 expression level were decreased and collagen‐induced joint damage greatly reduced in Ddr2 −/− mice. Joint damage in rats with CIA was significantly ameliorated when annexin A2 was down‐regulated. Annexin A2 expression and phosphorylation were elevated in human RA synovial tissue. Conclusion Annexin A2 is a key molecule in the DDR‐2/annexin A2/MMP‐13 loop, the activation of which contributes to joint destruction in RA, mainly through promoting invasion of FLS. Annexin A2 might therefore become a novel clinical target for RA treatment.
Effect of Estrogens on Kidney Weight in Mice
Authors: Michael B. Shimkin, Peter M. Shimkin, Howard B. Andervont
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

In intact male mice, estrogens produce a rapid, sharp decrease in the weight of the kidneys, expressed as absolute weight or as a ratio to body weight. The effect is seen after single or continuous estrogen exposure, but is obscured when estrogen is given intermittently.