tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9271: Significance of Primary Therapy With Intravenous Immunoglobulin Plus Prednisolone For Severe Kawasaki Disease: Result From Japanese Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.
Authors: Tohru Kobayashi, Tsutomu Saji, Tetsuya Otani, Kazuo Takeuchi, Tetsuya Nakamura, Hirokazu Arakawa, Taichi Kato, Toshiro Hara, Kenji Hamaoka, Shunichi Ogawa, Masaru Miura, Yuichi Nomura, Shigeto Fuse, Fukiko Ichida, Mitsuru Seki, Akihiro Morikawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background Recent re-assessment reports have suggested that primary corticosteroid therapy for severe Kawasaki disease patients might be beneficial. Methods We conducted a multicenter, prospective, randomized, open, blinded-endpoints, and parallel-group study to determine whether the addition of prednisolone to conventional intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for severe Kawasaki disease reduces the risk of coronary artery abnormality. Between September 2008 and December 2010, 248 severe Kawasaki disease patients with risk score ≥5 points were randomly assigned to receive either intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG group; n = 123) or intravenous immunoglobulin plus prednisolone (IVIG+PSL group; n = 125). The primary endpoint was presence of coronary artery abnormality during study period. Secondary endpoints included incidence of coronary artery abnormality at week 4, Z score of coronary arteries, duration of fever after enrollment, need for additional rescue therapy, serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) at weeks 1 and 2 after enrollment, and severe adverse events. Results Incidence of coronary artery abnormality during study periodt was significantly lower in the IVIG+PSL group than in the IVIG group (3% vs 23%, respectively; P&lt;0.001). Similarly, incidence of coronary artery abnormality at week 4 after enrollment was significantly lower in the IVIG+PSL group than in the IVIG group (3% vs 13%, respectively; P=0.014). Furthermore, IVIG+PSL group had shorter duration of fever after enrollment (P&lt;0.001), lower risk of need for additional rescue therapy (P&lt;0.001), and lower CRP level at weeks 1 and 2 (both P&lt;0.001) compared with IVIG group. Incidence of severe adverse events was similar in the two groups. Conclusions Intravenous immunoglobulin plus prednisolone is superior to intravenous immunoglobulin alone to prevent coronary artery abnormality in patients with severe Kawasaki disease. (UMIN-CTR Number, UMIN000000940.)
Modelling of hyperpolarized gas diffusion in lungs of COPD patients and healthy volunteers using a fractional dynamics approach
Authors: Juan Parra-Robles, Helen Marshall, Jim M. Wild
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

MR diffusion experiments using hyperpolarized gas are sensitive to emphysema. However, interpretation of non-Gaussian diffusion is complicated by its dependence on a variety of factors (e.g. branching structure, susceptibility gradients, diffusion time, lung inflation and gas mixture composition) [Parra-Robles et al, JMR 204, 2010]. In this work, a theoretical model based in the application of fractional order dynamics to anomalous diffusion is presented. The model does not require assumptions about the geometry and distribution of apparent diffusion rates [Magin et al, JMR 190, 2008]. This technique can be used to quantify non-gaussian diffusion signals arising from a multiplicity of sources.  MR diffusion scans of eight healthy volunteers and 10 COPD patients were performed using hyperpolarised 3He. While the diffusivity (DDC) depended strongly on experimental conditions, the heterogeneity index α remained constant (0.87 ± 5%, in healthy volunteers), regardless of the diffusion time (in the range 1.6-2.5 ms), lung inflation, gas mixture and subject9s size. Both, DDC and α were significantly different for the COPD patients. These results seems to indicate that α is insensitive to a range of uncertainties in experimental conditions but sensitive to changes in lung structure due to COPD.  Since the model is not constrained to a specific range of timing parameters, it may be able to reveal information about lung geometry from diffusion data acquired over different time scales. This information may be sensitive to lung diseases that affect airway morphology at different generations of the lung branching structure.
Mice Lacking Transcription Factor NF-E2 Provide In Vivo Validation of the Proplatelet Model of Thrombocytopoiesis and Show a Platelet Production Defect That Is Intrinsic to Megakaryocytes
Authors: Patrick Lecine, Jean-Luc Villeval, Paresh Vyas, Bethany Swencki, Yuhui Xu, Ramesh A. Shivdasani
Journal: Blood (1998)
Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: Experience of the multidisciplinary sleep unit of Fundacion Jimenez-Diaz (Madrid-Spain)
Authors: María Belén Gallegos, Zahdia Saavedra, Ivonne Cabrejos, María Fernanda Troncoso, Genoveva Del Rio, Nicolás Gonzalez-Mangado, Marcel Rodríguez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  The prevalence of pediatric Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) ranges between 0.2%-4.1%. Adenotonsillar hypertophy is the main cause and its treatment is surgical. The primary objective of this paper is to describe the pediatric population that is admitted to our Multidisciplinary Sleep Unit (MSU) for study of suspected OSA.   Methods:  Observational retrospective study in which a Polysomnography (PSG) was performed to 87 children derived from Pediatric Pulmonology consult for suspected OSA between December2009-January.  Contingency tables and Fisher9s P were used for data analysis.   Results:  In our studied population: 34.5% female and 65.5% male; median age: 6.42 years; 7.2% overweight and 27.7% obese.  OSA was diagnosed in 37.9% (72.72% male,27.27% female); 3.4% mild, 12.36% moderate,21.8% severe OSA. Their symptoms were: snoring 100%, observed apneas 97%, restless sleep 72.7%, labored breathing 45.5% and enuresis 40.6%. Significant association was found between OSA and obesity, observed apneas, enuresis, adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy (p 0.04, p 0.02, p 0.024, p 0.027, p 0.040 respectively). Mean PSG parameters: sleep efficiency: 79.32%, AHI: 19/hour, Oxygen desaturation index (IDO): 14.35/hr, time under 90% oxygen saturation (T90): 3.97% and mean microarousal index: 19.56/hr. Surgically treatment performed in 60% (75% adenotonsillectomy, 20% adenoidectomy, 5% tonsillectomy)   Conclusions:  1. Enuresis, observed apneas, adenotonsillar hypertrophy and BMI had a significant association with OSA in our pediatric population.
Effects Of Bendamustine Plus Rituximab On The Distribution Of Normal Peripheral Blood Leucocyte Populations In Advanced-Stage Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Authors: Georgiana Grigore, Martin Perez-Andres, Susana Barrena, Rosa Ana Rivas, Marcos González, Pilar Rabasa, Angeles Medina, Jose Francisco Tomas, Fernando Solano, Javier De la Serna, Jose García Marco, Mª José Allegue, Javier Loscertales, Inmaculada Pérez, Teresa Olave, Julia Almeida, Alberto Orfao
Journal: Blood (2013)
The Pan-PIM Kinase Inhibitor LGH447 Shows Activity In PIM2-Dependent Multiple Myeloma and In AML Models
Authors: Pablo D Garcia, John L Langowski, Jocelyn Holash, Matthew Burger, Richard Zang, Tatiana Zavorotinskaya, Christie Fanton, Abdel Saci, Joseph Growney, K. Gary Vanasse
Journal: Blood (2013)
Real-Time Quantitative PCR (RQ-PCR) Detection of Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) by Optimized WT1 Assay To Enhance Risk Stratification in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML): A European LeukemiaNet Study.
Authors: Daniela Cilloni, A. Renneville, F. Hermitte, R.K. Hills, S. Daly, J. Jovanovic, E. Gottardi, M. Fava, S. Schnittger, B. Izzo, J. Nomdedeu, A. van der Heijden, V. van der Velden, P. Rohon, H. Ommen, J. Polak, J. Jansen, C. Preudhomme, G. Saglio, D. Grimwade
Journal: Blood (2007)
A randomized open-label phase 2a study evaluating the efficacy and safety of radium-223 dichloride (Ra-223) in combination with abiraterone acetate or enzalutamide in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and bone metastases.
Authors: Daniel Peter Petrylak, Julie A. Rosenberg, Vittorio Luigi Garosi, Jonathan Siegel, Jonathan Goldin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS5103 Background: Ra-223, a first-in-class alpha-pharmaceutical targeting bone metastases (mets), reduced risk of death by 30% versus placebo in patients (pts) with CRPC and symptomatic bone mets in the phase 3 ALSYMPCA trial (Parker et al. NEJM 2013). Ra-223 has a favorable safety profile, and the absence of significant toxicity supports combining Ra-223 with other agents for additional beneficial effect. Hormonal agents abiraterone acetate (AA) and enzalutamide (Enz) improved overall survival (OS) in CRPC pts with bone mets (de Bono et al. NEJM 2011; Scher et al. NEJM 2012), and their safety profiles indicate nonoverlapping toxicity with Ra-223. This study evaluates efficacy and safety of Ra-223 + AA or Enz in CRPC pts with bone mets. Methods: In this open-label, multicenter, phase 2a study (NCT02034552), ~66 pts with CRPC and bone mets, no visceral mets, and treatment (tx) naïve to Ra-223, other radiotherapy, AA, or Enz will be randomized to tx group (Grp) 1 (n = 22), 2 (n = 22), or 3 (n = 22). All pts will receive Ra-223 (50 kBq/kg IV) every 4 wk for up to 6 doses (d 1, wk 4, 8, 12, 16, 20). Grp 1 will receive only Ra-223. Grp 2 will receive concurrent AA 1000 mg daily and prednisone 5 mg twice daily. Grp 3 will receive concurrent Enz 160 mg daily. The primary end point is radiologic progression-free survival. Secondary end points include safety, symptomatic skeletal event–free survival, OS, and time to bone progression. Pts will be assessed at screening; wk 8, 16, and 24; then every 12 wk with MRI/CT of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis and whole-body technetium-99 bone scanning, until radiologic progression (bone or soft tissue). A subset of pts will have diffusion-weighted MRI and 18F-NaF PET/CT. Automated computer-based quantitation of bone scan imaging and associated response will be evaluated. Pts will be followed up to 2 y after last Ra-223 tx; late toxicities will be assessed up to 7 y. An interim analysis will be done 30 days after last pt’s Ra-223 tx. Statistical analyses will be descriptive, with event variables summarized using Kaplan-Meier estimates. This trial is currently recruiting pts. Clinical trial information: NCT02034552.
Abstract 14844: Thsd-1 Determines Plaque Phenotype by Regulating Vascular Permeability and Intraplaque Haemorrhaging
Authors: Wijnand K den Dekker, Remco Haasdijk, Dennie Tempel, Jaco H Houtgraaf, Renate de Jong, Caroline Cheng, Henricus J Duckers
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Rationale Neovascularization plays an important role in plaque progression towards a vulnerable plaque (VP). Newly formed intraplaque vasculature shows comprised vessel integrity, rendering them su...
Bupropion treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adults
Authors: Paul H. Wender, Fred W. Reimherr
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The authors treated 19 adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder with an open trial of bupropion. These patients had received maintenance stimulant medication or monoamine oxidase inhibitors for an average of 3.7 years. Fourteen of the patients experienced moderate to marked benefit from bupropion; ten of these patients chose to continue bupropion rather than their former medication. These results suggest that bupropion may be an alternative to stimulants in treating some adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
GLCCI1 variant accelerates pulmonary function decline in patients with asthma receiving inhaled corticosteroids
Authors: Yumi Izuhara, Hisako Matsumoto, Yoshihiro Kanemitsu, Kenji Izuhara, Yuji Tohda, Takahiko Horiguchi, Hideo Kita, Kazunobu Kuwabara, Tomii Keisuke, Kojiro Otsuka, Masaki Fujimura, Noriyuki Okura, Katsuyuki Tomita, Akihito Yokoyama, Hiroshi Onishi, Yasutaka Nakano, Tetsuya Oguma, Soichiro Hozawa, Tadao Nagasaki, Isao Ito, Tsuyoshi Oguma, Hideki Inoue, Tomoko Tajiri, Toshiyuki Iwata, Junya Ono, Shoichiro Ohta, Mayumi Tamari, Tomomitsu Hirota, Tetsuji Yokoyama, Akio Niimi, Michiaki Mishima
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Several gene variants are associated with inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) treatment with a short-term response in steroid-naive patients with asthma, which are mostly observed in Caucasians; their presence needs confirmation across the ethnicities. In this study, we aimed to determine the relationship between the annual decline in forced expiratory flow volume in one second (FEV 1 ) and the variant of the glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1 gene ( GLCCI1 ) in Japanese patients with asthma receiving long-term ICS treatment, taking into account the effect of high serum periostin levels, a known association factor of pulmonary function decline and a marker of refractory eosinophilic/Th2 inflammation.  Methods: In this study, 224 patients with asthma receiving ICS treatment for at least 4 years were enrolled from a cohort study of the Kinki-Hokuriku Airway disease Conference. The effects of a single nucleotide polymorphism in  GLCCI1  on the decline in FEV 1  of 30 mL·yr -1 or greater were determined.  Results: In addition to the known contributing factors, i.e., the most intensive treatment step, ex-smoking, and high serum periostin levels (≥95ng/mL), the GG genotype of  GLCCI1  rs37973 was independently associated with a decline in FEV 1  of 30 mL·yr -1  or greater. When patients were stratified according to their serum periostin levels, the GG genotype of rs37973 was significantly associated with blood eosinophilia (≥250/μL) in the high serum periostin group.  Conclusions: A  GLCCI1  variant is a risk factor of pulmonary function decline in Japanese patients with asthma receiving long-term ICS treatment. Thus,  GLCCI1  may be associated with response to ICS across ethnicities.
Abstract 1748: Prognostic Implication of Coronary Flow Reserve in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Patients with Negative Dipyridamole Stress Echo by Wall Motion Criteria
Authors: Lauro Cortigiani, Fausto Rigo, Rosa Sicari, Sonia Gherardi, Maria Luisa Gianfaldoni, Maurizio Galderisi, Francesco Bovenzi, Eugenio Picano
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Prognostic role of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase levels in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism
Authors: Savas Ozsu, Yasin Abul, Suha Turkmen, Yilmaz Bulbul, Funda Oztuna, Tevfik Ozlu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is one of the most important markers of oxidative stress. Serum GGT activity is an independent risk factor for myocardial infarction and cardiac death in patients with coronary artery disease. Serum GGT has not previously been elucidated in the pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).  The study included 163 patients and spiral chest pulmonary angiography were the most used to confirm acute PE (98%). On admission serum GGT (reference value, 5-61 mg/dL) was measured. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to determine the GGT cut-off levels with regard to prognosis. The patients with hepatic disease and alchol abuse were excluded from the study.  The median age was 72 years, and 106 (65%) were females. All-cause in hospital mortality 14.1% and 30-day mortality was 16.6%. Median GGT levels in patients who 30-day died than in surviving patients was higher (48 mg/dL vs 32 mg/dL, p= 0.01). Serum GGT values≤26 show high negative predictive values for all-cause mortality (91%). In univariate analysis, a cut-off level of GGT>26 mg/dL for 30-day mortality were OR: 3.1 (95% CI: 1.2–7.9).  The present study suggests that serum GGT level appears to be risk stratification patients with PTE. The results should be confirmed with other randomized prospective studies.
UK scientists recommend gene testing for bowel cancer.
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Cancer researchers who identified the association between mutations in a human gene and an inherited form of bowel cancer are calling on governments to consider genetic screening programmes to identify people at risk.

Walter Bodmer, honorary head of the Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratory for Cancer and Immunogenetics at the Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine in Oxford, has called for the screening. Dr Bodmer is one of the scientists who discovered the APC gene mutations, which are linked to familial adenomatous polyposis.

“The challenge for governments is to put the resources in place to ensure that people with a family history of polyposis have access to the test and to follow up colonoscopy screening and counselling,” he said. He was speaking at the third global conference for cancer organisations in Brighton last week.

Mutations in the APC gene increase the risk of familial adenomatous polyposis by seven to eight times compared with the general population. People with the gene variations have a 20-30% chance of developing bowel cancer at some point in their lives.
Abstract 5561: Remote Postconditioning May Attenuate Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in a Murine Hind Limb Through Activation of Adenosine Receptors
Authors: Hideki Tsubota, Akira Marui, Senri Miwa, Tomohiro Nakata, Kenji Minakata, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Tadashi Ikeda, Ryuzo Sakata
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: Preconditioning is a potent protection from ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), but its clinical application has been limited because preconditioning must be established before unanticipated ischemic events. Remote postconditioning (RPC), an application of brief ischemia in remote organs just before reperfusion of ischemic target organ, is a novel approach to attenuate IRI. However, its efficacy and possible mechanisms in IRI of ischemic limb has not been elucidated. Methods: Right hind limb ischemia was induced using a rubber tourniquet, and reperfusion was initiated by releasing the tourniquet. RPC was established by 5 minutes’ ischemia followed by 5 minutes’ reperfusion in the left leg just before reperfusion of the right leg. Control mice received ischemia for 3 hours followed by 24 hours reperfusion; RPC mice received ischemia for 3 hours followed by 24 hours reperfusion accompanying with two sets of RPC. After 24 hours of reperfusion, wet/dry ratio of skeletal muscle (degree of tissue edema), myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (accumulation of neutrophil), and nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reduction (tissue necrosis) were evaluated. In addition, 8-sulfophenyltheophylline (SPT), an inhibitor of adenosine receptors, was intraperitonealy injected to mice with or without RPC. NBT reduction was measured to evaluate possible mechanisms. Results: Wet/dry ratio, MPO activity and tissue necrosis were significantly lower in RPC group than control group, and injection of SPT impaired the protective effect of RPC (table ). Conclusion: RPC attenuated IRI in a murine hind limb ischemia, possibly through the endogenous activation of adenosine receptors. RPC may be promising therapeutic option to treat serious limb ischemia.
Abstract 3239: Risk of Stroke after New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation versus Chronic AF in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Khung Keong Yeo, Zhongmin Li, Scott Katz, James Douketis, Beate Danielsen, Richard H White
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Among patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG), the risk of post-operative stroke has not been compared between patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) versus patients with hospital-acquired new-onset AF (new-AF). Methods: Using linked hospital discharge data together with comprehensive clinical data from the California CABG outcomes reporting program, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients undergoing isolated CABG in California between years 2003–2006. Using hospital discharge data, chronic AF was defined as ICD-9-CM =427.31 present at time of admission and during a previous hospitalization. New-AF was defined as a first-ever code for AF that was not present at the time of admission. The risk of stroke &lt; 30 days after surgery, defined using specific ICD-9-CM codes, was analyzed using logistic regression, with adjustment for 15 clinically important stroke risk factors. As a sensitivity analysis, we developed a propensity model for new-AF, and analyzed the risk of stroke after hospital discharge but within 30 days of surgery. Results: Among 61,031 cases, 2081 (3.4%) had chronic AF; 9858 (17%) had new-AF; the 30-day incidence of stroke was 1222 (2.0%). Compared to patients with no-AF, the adjusted risk of stroke in patients with chronic AF was odds ratio (OR) = 1.2 (CI: 0.9 –1.5), whereas for new-AF, it was OR= 1.7 (CI: 1.5–1.9), c-statistic = 0.73. Using the propensity analysis, the risk of stroke after hospital discharge associated with new-AF versus no-AF was similar across quintiles of the risk score (OR range=1.7–1.8). Conclusion: After adjusting for stroke risk factors, patients who developed AF during hospitalization for CABG had an approximately 70% higher risk of stroke within 30 days compared to patients without AF, whereas the risk of stroke in patients with chronic AF was not significantly increased. Interventions that reduce the incidence of new-AF after CABG surgery may reduce the incidence of subsequent stroke.
Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) as additional clinical markers of activity of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary locations of sarcoidosis
Authors: Marina Lebedeva, Elena Popova, Andrew Ponomarev, Bolevich Sergei
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The aim  of our study was to identify additional clinical predictors of activity of extra-pulmonary locations in pulmonary sarcoidosis.   Patients and methods:  107 patients with morphologically proved pulmonary sarcoidosis were examined. Pulmonary function testing, high-resolution CT (HRCT), echocardiography, daily ECG monitoring, myocardial scintigraphy, renal tests were evaluated. Biopsy of lung (107), skin (74), kidney (13), liver (52) and heart (3) were performed. Biopsy of organs were performed if the suspected specific sarcoid organ failure. Serum concentration of ACE levels were determined with a spectrophotometric method.   Results:  57 patients presented sings of clinical and morphological activity of sarcoidosis (group 1), 50 without parameters of activity (group 2). Clinical and morphological sings of extra-pulmonary locations of sarcoidosis were in 32 active patients, in 7 – not active patients. Granulomas were found in skin 25 (33,8%), heart -1, in liver 37 (71%), in kidney 5 (38%). Elevation of serum ACE were more in the 1st group: 63,7 (49,1- 79,8) micrograms/L vs 43,1 (32,5-47,2) micrograms/L in the 2nd group (p=0,0021). Level of serum ACE directly correlated with HRCT sings of activity such as ground - glass opaque (p=0,0045) and morphology of specific granulomatous extra-pulmonary changes (p=0,0047).   Conclusion:  Level of serum ACE can be considered to be a marker of extra-pulmonary granulomatous lesions in pulmonary sarcoidosis.