tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Multifaceted shared care intervention for late life depression in residential care: randomised controlled trial Commentary: Beyond the boundary for a randomised controlled trial?
Authors: R. H Llewellyn-Jones, K. A Baikie, H. Smithers, J. Cohen, J. Snowdon, C. C Tennant, J. J Deeks, E. Juszczak
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To evaluate the effectiveness of a population based, multifaceted shared care intervention for late life depression in residential care.Randomised controlled trial, with control and intervention groups studied one after the other and blind follow up after 9.5 months.Population of residential facility in Sydney living in self care units and hostels.220 depressed residents aged >/=65 without severe cognitive impairment.The shared care intervention included: (a) multidisciplinary consultation and collaboration, (b) training of general practitioners and carers in detection and management of depression, and (c) depression related health education and activity programmes for residents. The control group received routine care.Geriatric depression scale.Intention to treat analysis was used. There was significantly more movement to "less depressed" levels of depression at follow up in the intervention than control group (Mantel-Haenszel stratification test, P=0.0125). Multiple linear regression analysis found a significant intervention effect after controlling for possible confounders, with the intervention group showing an average improvement of 1.87 points on the geriatric depression scale compared with the control group (95% confidence interval 0.76 to 2.97, P=0.0011).The outcome of depression among elderly people in residential care can be improved by multidisciplinary collaboration, by enhancing the clinical skills of general practitioners and care staff, and by providing depression related health education and activity programmes for residents.
The interrupter resistance measured with 2 systems; a comparison between the Whistler lfmi and the MicroRint device
Authors: Rolien Bekkema, Joyce Tersmette
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction   Both the MicroRint® and the Whistler lfmi® are small portable devices for measuring total airway resistance, using the interrupter technique (Rint). Both can be used during quiet breathing, require minimal subject cooperation and can be used in young children without sedation. We compared the new Whistler® (MediSpirit, Nuenen, NL) with the earlier introduced MicroRint® (PT Medical, Leek, NL) to see if both devices can be used interchangeably.   Methods   Measurements were performed during spontaneous breathing in 10 healthy adults (21-58 yrs, 90% female).Interrupter resistance (Rint) was measured in all participants with both Whistler® and MicroRint®, in random order. Measurements were performed less than 5 minutes apart.  A measurement was considered successful if a Rint value could be obtained from 10 breathing curves with interruptions on the peak flow of expiration.  We compared both methods, evaluating interdevice measurement variability and agreement.   Results   Successful tests were obtained in 10 out of 10 participants (100%). Half of the participants preferred the MicroRint®, half preferred the Whistler®.  Rint values measured with both devices were highly correlated (r = 0.907, p= 0.0001). Mean difference between MicroRint® and Whistler® was (-0.0921 kPa/l/s, p   Conclusion   Both Whistler® and MicroRint® are easy and useful devices to measure Rint. We show high agreement between both measurements, although a small systematic difference between both measurements was observed.  Both methods can be helpful for diagnosis and follow up of individual patients but should not be used interchangeably.
Tumors of the Kidneys, Synovia, Exocrine Pancreas, and Nasal Cavity in BALB/cf/Cd Mice2
Authors: Louise S. Rabstein, Robert L. Peters
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Tissues from 358 BALB/cf/Cd mice, a strain with a spontaneous renal carcinoma incidence of 60–70%, were examined. Synovial tumors in the feet and other sites were observed in 43 animals and exocrine pancreatic adenomas in A. One neuroepithelioma and one angiosarcoma were found in the nasal cavity. These tumor types and locations are unique and had not been previously observed in other strains.
Breast Cancer and Serum Cholesterol&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R A Hiatt, G D Friedman, R D Bawol, H K Ury
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Recent studies have suggested a role for dietary fat in the etiology of breast cancer. The relation of serum cholesterol and other serum lipid measures to breast cancer incidence was investigated in a cohort of 95, 179 women who had multiphasic health checkups from 1964 through 1972. Through 1977, 1,035 new breast cancer cases occurred in over 752,000 person-years of follow-up. Age-adjusted incidence rates were 1.45, 1.37, 1.31, and 1.40/1,000 person-years from the lowest to the highest quartile of serum cholesterol level, respectively. Similarly, no statistically significant relation was detected between beta-lipoprotein or total lipids and breast cancer. The sample size was sufficiently large to have detected a relative risk of 1.4 or larger with a probability of 99.9% at the 0.05 level of significance. The expected relation od breast cancer to established risk factors was confirmed by univariate analysis, and serum cholesterol and breast cancer were not associated after simultaneous consideration of nine other risk factors by multivariate analysis. These data suggest that the postulated causal relation between dietary fat and breast cancer does not act via an effect on circulating lipid levels.
Stage Shift and Complementary/Alternative Medicine
Authors: Steven M. Grunberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2000.18.19.3455 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11013294 Stage Shift and Complementary/Alternative Medicine Steven M. GrunbergxSteven M. GrunbergSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Vermont College of Medicine Burlington, VT https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2000.18.19.3455 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2000 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Associating Liver Partition and Portal Vein Ligation for Staged Hepatectomy
Authors: Eduardo de Santibañes, Victoria Ardiles, Fernando A. Alvarez
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Severe hepatic sinusoidal obstruction associated with oxaliplatin (L-OHP)-based chemotherapy (CT) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC)
Authors: B. Terris, V. Audard, P. Sartoretti, A. Roth, C. Brezault, B. Dousset, J. Alexandre, S. Chaussade, G. Mentha, L. Rubbia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3541 Background: In MCRC, surgery combined with neo-adjuvant CT has an overall benefit, compared with surgery alone. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the effects of preoperative systemic CT on the morphology of non-tumoral liver. Methods: A large panel of surgically resected liver metastasis (n=153) between 1995 and 2002 was selected: 66 patients were treated by surgery alone and 87 received systemic CT before surgery (31% treated by L-OHP, 18% by L-OHP and CPT, 20% by CPT and 31% by 5FU alone). Light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were performed to identify sinusoidal wall integrity. Results: In contrast with the 66 livers treated by surgery alone which did not exhibit vascular abnormalities, 44 (51%) of the 87 post-chemotherapic liver resection specimens had sinusoidal dilatation and hemorrhage, related to rupture of the sinusoidal barrier. In 21 out of 44 patients (48%), perisinusoidal and veno-occlusive fibrosis were observed. Sinusoidal injury persisted several months after end of chemotherapy and fibrosis may progress. Development of such lesions was strongly correlated to the use of L-OHP: 34 of the 43 (79%) patients treated with L-OHP based chemotherapy developed sinusoidal alterations, as opposed to 10 of the 44 (23 %) who received CPT or 5FU alone (p<0.001). Conclusions: Systemic neo-adjuvant CT in MCRC frequently causes morphological lesions involving hepatic microvasculature. Sinusoidal obstruction complicated by perisinusoidal fibrosis and veno-occlusive lesion of the non-tumoral liver revealed by this study, should be included in the list of the adverse side effects of colorectal systemic CT, in particular related to the use of L-OHP. The clinical consequences of such abnormalities have to be evaluated, in regards to the potential impaired liver regeneration after extended liver resection in these patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
LSC 2013 abstract - Differentiated type II pneumocytes can be reprogrammed by ectopic Sox2 expression
Authors: Joshua Kapere Ochieng, Kim Schilders, Anne Boerema-de Munck, Marjon Buscop-van Kempen, Frank Grosveld, Dick Tibboel, Robbert Rottier
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The lung is an essential organ required for gas exchange in all air-breathing animals. Development of the lungs starts when the foregut forms an endodermal bud, which invaginates the surrounding mesenchyme and subsequently branches to form the bronchial tree. Sox2 is an evolutionarily conserved transcription factor important for development of several organs. Previously, we showed that Sox2 plays critical roles in branching morphogenesis and in the determination of epithelial cell fate.  In order to investigate the role of Sox2 in the reprogramming of mature epithelial cells, we the bi-transgenic approach to ectopically expressed Sox2 in terminally differentiated type II pneumocytes of adult mouse lungs. This resulted in emphysematous lungs and aberrant structures containing cuboidal cells in the periphery of the lungs. These cuboidal cells expressed the transgenic Sox2 protein, as well as markers specific for proximal epithelium, such as Ccsp. This indicates that the fully differentiated distal, Spc-positive alveolar epithelial cells changed their phenotype towards proximal, Ccsp positive cells. Moreover, short term expression of the Sox2 transgene showed that the type II cells first co-expressed proSPC and Ccsp, like embryonic lung epithelial cells, as well as a specific progenitor marker, Sca-1. Next, the cells become proliferative and start to differentiate into cuboidal cells, indicating that fully differentiated type II cells can be reprogrammed with Sox2 to develop a proximal phenotype.  Thus, our results suggest that fully differentiated alveolar type II cells can be reprogrammed in vivo by Sox2.
Cost-Effectiveness of Investigations for Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: M T Hunt, C R J Woodhouse
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1987)

The results of diagnostic and staging investigations in consecutive cases of invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder are reviewed. Urine culture, urine cytology and intravenous urography had positive results in a high percentage of cases. As diagnostic investigations they are cost-effective but certainly do not remove the obligation to perform cystoscopy and examination under anaesthetic. Isotopic bone scan and liver scan showed metastases in 4 and one cases respectively and only when there were clinical signs of disseminated disease. Chest X-ray showed metastases in one case. These investigations are not cost-effective. Lymphangiography was positive in 12 of the 94 cases and, although expensive (£70), is still a staging investigation of value in planning treatment.
Phase II study of concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer. Southern Osaka Lung Cancer Study Group.
Authors: K Furuse, K Kubota, M Kawahara, N Kodama, M Ogawara, M Akira, S Nakajima, M Takada, Y Kusunoki, S Negoro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE To evaluate the response rate, toxicity, and 2-year survival rate of concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy for unresectable stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between July 1989 and October 1990, 65 patients with histologically or cytologically proven unresectable stage III NSCLC without T3N0-1M0 disease were entered onto this study. Sixty-one patients were eligible for response, survival, and toxicity analysis. Chemotherapy consisted of vindesine (3 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, 29, and 36), cisplatin (100 mg/m2 on days 1 and 29), and mitomycin (8 mg/m2 on days 1 and 29). Radiotherapy was administered for 3 weeks (2 Gy given 13 times, five fractions per week), followed by 10-day rest periods and then the previous schedule of radiotherapy repeated for 3 weeks. RESULTS Of 61 eligible patients, 53 (86.9%) had a partial response (PR). The median response duration was 39.1 weeks (range, 8.4 to 163+). The median survival time was 16 months and the 2-year survival rate was 36.7%. Of 53 responding patients, 10 (16.4%) are alive and disease-free after 2 years. The major toxicity was leukopenia (&gt; or = grade 3, 95%). Other toxicities of &gt; or = grade 3 included thrombocytopenia (45%), anemia (28%), nausea/vomiting (16%), fever (11%), and esophagitis (6%). Treatment-related death occurred in two patients. One patient died of pulmonary toxicity (interstitial pneumonitis) and the other of esophagobronchial fistula with pulmonary infection. CONCLUSION Concurrent radiotherapy plus chemotherapy with mitomycin, vindesine, and cisplatin (MVP) can be safely administered to patients with stage III NSCLC, with excellent response rates and 2-year survival rates.
To Drink or Not To Drink: An Experimental Analysis of Group Drinking Decisions by Four Alcoholics
Authors: MARK S. GOLDMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The author reports on a study that examined the effects of social influence on the initiation, maintenance, and termination of drinking in a group of four men who were chronic alcoholics. These men made decisions in a group setting about alcohol and cigarette use for which they earned reinforcement points redeemable for drinks and cigarettes during the study or for money at its end. Decision making delayed the initiation of drinking and tended to lower overall alcohol consumption during a period of prolonged drinking but was not effective in inducing early termination of the drinking episode. Mood disturbances, physical symptoms, and psychopathology became more pronounced when the amount of alcohol consumed increased. The extent of decision making changed during times of high motivation for drinks or cigarettes; these decisions were mainly a function of individual leadership. In the light of these findings, the author discusses the possible utility of the group decision-making model as a tool for the trea...
Hypomethylation of DNA in Human Cancer Cells: A Site-Specific Change in the &lt;italic&gt;c-myc&lt;/italic&gt; Oncogene&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M S Cheah, C D Wallace, R M Hoffman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Site-specific methylation of the human c-myc oncogene was investigated in a set of cultured human tumor cell lines and normal human fibroblast strains. As previously reported, all of the tumor cell lines in contrast to normal cells were hypomethylated to various degrees in their total genomic DNA. The presence of methylation in specific regions of the c-myc gene was analyzed by use of the restriction endonuclease isoschizomers MspI and HpaII, which recognize the sequence 5'-CCGG-3' (CCGG = DNA sequence of 2 cytosine bases followed by 2 guanine bases) but differ in their abilities to cleave at the internal cytosine residue when it is methylated. The first exon, first intervening sequence, and the second exon were hypomethylated in all cell types, regardless of whether the cells were normal or oncogenically transformed and regardless of the degree of total genomic methylation of the cell. However, the solitary CCGG site in the third exon was fully methylated in normal cell strains. In contrast, in 3 of 5 tumor cell lines measured, this site was hypomethylated. This is the first demonstration of a site-specific DNA methylation defect in a cellular oncogene. Some possible implications relating disruption of DNA methylation to oncogene control and oncogenesis are discussed.
Increased Left Ventricular Trabeculation Does Not Necessarily Equate to Left Ventricular Noncompaction in Athletes
Authors: David C. Peritz, Eugene H. Chung
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Rib impingement in first class cricketers: case reports of two patients who underwent rib resection * Commentary
Authors: N J Boyce Cam, N Muthukumar, S Boyle, J O Lawton
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Two first class cricket bowlers presented with costoiliac pain secondary to rib impingement. In both patients, conservative management of the injury had failed to improve symptoms. Surgical resection of the affected rib was undertaken. At follow up, both patients had made a good recovery and had returned to competitive cricket.
Cerebral Metabolism in Sleep Apnea
Authors: MASAYUKI KAMBA, YUJI SUTO, YOSHIO OHTA, YUICHI INOUE, EIKEN MATSUDA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Repeated apneic episodes during sleep may lead to cerebral damage in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We performed proton magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic studies to examine cerebral metabolism in patients with OSA. We studied 15 healthy subjects and 23 patients with OSA who displayed no anatomical abnormalities on MR imaging. The patients were classified into two groups based on the results of polysomnography: mild OSA (11 patients) or moderate to severe OSA (12 patients). All the subjects were examined with two-dimensional chemical shift imaging. The N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/choline (Cho), NAA/creatine (Cre), and Cho/Cre ratios for cerebral cortex and white matter were calculated separately. A statistically significant intergroup difference was found for the NAA/Cho ratio in cerebral white matter (p < 0.005). This ratio was significantly lower in patients with moderate to severe OSA than in patients with mild OSA (p < 0.01) and healthy subjects (p < 0.01). Our findings indicate that cerebral metabolic changes occur in normal-appearing brain tissue in patients with moderate to severe OSA. The finding of a decreased NAA/Cho ratio suggests the presence of cerebral damage, probably caused by repeated apneic episodes. Proton MR spectroscopy may be useful for evaluating cerebral damage in patients with OSA.
A 10-year retrospective observational study of TB meningitis in east London
Authors: Christina Petridou, Tim Appleby, Ajitha Jayaratnam
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction

Tuberculosis is a public health concern in London, with an increasing incidence. TB meningitis (TBM) is a rare form of extra-pulmonary TB, which carries disproportionately high mortality and morbidity rates. Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals Trust (BHRUT) serves an area in East London with a high incidence of TB. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiology, clinical presentation and outcome of patients diagnosed with TBM.

Methods

Individuals diagnosed with TBM between 2000 and 2010 were identified using the London TB Register. A retrospective observational study was conducted, reviewing medical notes, microbiology results and radiology. Data was collected for epidemiology, clinical features, risk factors, treatment regimens and outcome.

Results

50 patients with TBM were identified and notes were available for 42. 82% were born outside the UK with the highest incidence seen in patients born in India. All patients were treated for at least 12 months with 92% receiving concurrent steroids. Other information is shown below.

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Presenting Clinical Features





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Outcome





Conclusion

TBM has a high mortality rate in east London with a high proportion of patients requiring treatment in intensive care or suffering long-term neurological sequelae. Confirming diagnosis is challenging as presentation is non-specific, potentially leading to treatment delay. Development of a diagnostic scoring system using clinical features, risk factors and CSF data to aid early diagnosis would prove extremely valuable.