tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pathologic Differentiations in Bright's Disease
Authors: Jean Oliver
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 February 1933Pathologic Differentiations in Bright's DiseaseJEAN OLIVER, M.D.JEAN OLIVER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-8-1069 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptOne's conception of a pathologic differentiation may vary greatly depending on the implications found in the term "pathology". For those to whom the word suggests "morbid anatomy" a pathologic differentiation would seem adequate when it has accurately described structural differences between disease processes. It is this manner of differentiation which has been applied in great detail to the renal lesion in Bright's disease by pathologists, for their differentiations in this condition have consisted mainly in contrasting inflammatory processes in the glomeruli with degenerative changes in the tubules or sclerotic lesions in the arteries. In this way various types of the...References1 ADDISOLIVER TJ: The renal lesion in Bright's disease, 1931, Paul B. Hoeber, New York, 125-132. Google Scholar2 OLIVER J: A further study of the regenerated epithelium in chronic uranium nephritis; an anatomical investigation of its function, Jr. Exper. Med., 1916, xxiii, 301-321. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Brooklyn, N. Y.*Read before the American College of Physicians, San Francisco, California, April 4, 1932.†From the Department of Pathology of the Long Island College of Medicine, Brooklyn, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byJean Redman Oliver: In Context 1 February 1933Volume 6, Issue 8Page: 1069-1076KeywordsArteriesGlomerulonephritisLesionsPathologists Issue Published: 1 February 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3710: The role of eIF4E in promoting melanoma cell proliferation and maintaining acquired resistance to Vemurafenib in melanoma
Authors: Yao Zhan, Michael S. Dahabieh, Filippa Pettersson, Monica C. Dobocan, Marie Noel M. Boutchou, Leon Van Kempen, Sonia V. del Rincon, Wilson H. Miller
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract In eukaryotic cells, mRNA translation is restricted by the translation initiation step, in which eIF4E has been regarded as a master regulator. Overexpression of eIF4E has been found in different cancer types; however, whether eIF4E is involved in melanoma tumorigenesis and resistance to standard of care in melanoma remains unclear. We hypothesize that eIF4E promotes melanoma cell proliferation and facilitates the development of acquired resistance to the B-raf inhibitor, Vemurafenib. From our preliminary data, we show that eIF4E is overexpressed in a panel of malignant melanoma cell lines compared to immortalized melanocytes Mel ST. By genetically knocking down eIF4E via siRNA, we can significantly repress the proliferation of a subset of melanoma cell lines and decrease the level of the eIF4E downstream target Cyclin D1. In addition, the B-raf inhibitor Vemurafenib can drastically inhibit 4EBP-1 phosphorylation in BRAFV600E melanoma cell lines, and further cap binding analysis confirmed that Vemurafenib stabilizes the eIF4E - 4EBP-1 association in these cell lines.. In contrast, 4EBP-1 is highly phosphorylated in all Vemurafenib resistant cell lines, compared to the parental A375, even in the presence of Vemurafenib. Furthermore, cap binding assay show that, unlike their parental counterpart, four out of six resistant lines exhibit weak eIF4E - 4EBP-1 association even in the presence of Vemurafenib. This may imply that more free eIF4E is available for cap-dependent translation initiation in Vemu resistant lines compared to the parental A375. Besides, eIF4E activity contributes to the proliferation of some melanoma cell lines with acquired resistance to Vemurafenib, since siRNA-silencing eIF4E decreases their proliferation. In conclusion, our data show that eIF4E promotes proliferation of some melanoma cell lines and may be involved in maintaining the survival of some melanoma cell lines with acquired vemurafenib resistance. These data suggest that therapeutically targeting eIF4E may be a viable means of inhibiting melanoma cell proliferation and overcoming Vemurafenib resistance. Citation Format: Yao Zhan, Michael S. Dahabieh, Filippa Pettersson, Monica C. Dobocan, Marie Noel M. Boutchou, Leon Van Kempen, Sonia V. del Rincon, Wilson H. Miller, Jr.. The role of eIF4E in promoting melanoma cell proliferation and maintaining acquired resistance to Vemurafenib in melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3710. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3710
Statins selectively inhibit leukocyte function antigen-1 by binding to a novel regulatory integrin site
Authors: Gabriele Weitz-Schmidt, Karl Welzenbach, Volker Brinkmann, Tetsji Kamata, Joerg Kallen, Christian Bruns, Sylvain Cottens, Yoshikazu Takada, Ulrich Hommel
Journal: Nature Medicine (2001)
Abstract P236: Association of Obesity-related Genomic Loci and Type 2 Diabetes among Chinese Population
Authors: Xiaomu Kong, Xuelian Zhang, Qi Zhao, Jiang He, Li Chen, Zhigang Zhao, Qiang Li, Jiapu Ge, Gang Chen, Xiaohui Guo, Juming Lu, Jianping Weng, Weiping Jia, Linong Ji, Jianzhong Xiao, Zhongyan Shan, Jie Liu, Haoming Tian, Qiuhe Ji, Dalong Zhu, Zhiguang Zhou, Guangliang Shan, Wenying Yang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Obesity is one of the most important risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aim of this study is to examine the associations between established obesity-related genomic loci and T2D as well as multiple quantitative glycemic traits among Chinese population. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near or within genes NEGR1 , SEC16B , TMEM18 , ETV5/DGKG , BAT2 , BDNFOS , BDNF , FAIM2 , MC4R , KCTD15 , MTCH2 , GNPDA2 , NPC1 , MAF , PTER , PRL , PCSK1 , PFKP , CTNNBL1 , NRXN3 , MSRA , SLC30A10 and TFAP2B from 23 independent genomic loci were genotyped among 5,338 T2D patients and 4,663 controls. An additive genetic model was assumed. Logistic and linear regression models were used to examine the associations of these genomic loci with T2D and glycemic traits, respectively. Two SNPs near MC4R (rs12970134) and GNPDA2 (rs10938397) genes were significantly associated with T2D after adjusting for age and gender (OR [95% CI] = 1.14 [1.06, 1.22] for per A allele of rs12970134, P = 4.75х10 -4 ; OR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.03, 1.17] for per G allele of rs10938397, P = 4.54х10 -3 ). When body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference was further adjusted for in logistic regression models, the association of MC4R with T2D maintained significant (OR [95% CI] = 1.10 [1.02, 1.20], P = 1.81х10 -2 ) and that of GNPDA2 attenuated to non-significance (OR [95% CI] = 1.06 [0.98, 1.14], P = 1.26х10 -1 ). In addition, eight loci (near or within SEC16B , BDNF , KCTD15 , MAF , PRL , PCSK1 , CTNNBL1 and NRXN3 genes) showed significant associations with quantitative glycemic traits in the controls even after adjusting for BMI and waist circumference ( P &lt; 0.05). For example, the G allele of SNP rs10146997 in the NRXN3 gene was associated with higher fasting insulin level (β [SE] = 0.064 [0.026], P = 1.31х10 -2 ), HOMA-IR (β [SE] = 0.064 [0.027], P = 1.71х10 -2 ) and lower insulin sensitivity (assessed by Matsuda index, β [SE] = -0.051 [0.026], P = 4.67х10 -2 ) compared to the A allele. The T allele of SNP rs6013029 in the CTNNBL1 was associated with greater fasting insulin(β [SE] = 0.098 [0.038], P = 1.02х10 -2 ), HOMA-IR (β [SE] = 0.100 [0.039], P = 1.13х10 -2 ) and HOMA-B (β [SE] = 0.104 [0.053], P = 4.73х10 -2 ), as well as lower insulin sensitivity (β [SE] = -0.096 [0.039], P = 1.47х10 -2 ) compared to G allele, suggesting its potential role in insulin resistance. In conclusion, these data suggest that these obesity-related genomic loci may be associated with T2D and glycemic traits after accounting for BMI and waist circumference among Chinese population.
Postischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction Is Abolished by Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Agents 11This study was supported by institutional funds from the University of Milan (MURST 60%). Hewlett Packard Germany provided the echocardiographic equipment used in this study; Hewlett Packard Italiana S.P.A. provided technologic assistance in the acquisition of the data presented here.
Authors: Luisa Gregorini, Jean Marco, Carlo Palombo, Michaela Kozàkovà, Gian Battista Anguissola, Bernard Cassagneau, Monique Bernies, Alessandro Distante, Isabelle Marco, Jean Fajadet, Alberto Zanchetti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Population-based epidemiology, malignancy risk, and outcome of primary sclerosing cholangitis
Authors: Kirsten Boonstra, Rinse K. Weersma, Karel J. van Erpecum, Erik A. Rauws, B.W. Marcel Spanier, Alexander C. Poen, Karin M. van Nieuwkerk, Joost P. Drenth, Ben J. Witteman, Hans A. Tuynman, Anton H. Naber, Paul J. Kingma, Henk R. van Buuren, Bart van Hoek, Frank P. Vleggaar, Nan van Geloven, Ulrich Beuers, Cyriel Y. Ponsioen
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Extensive population-based studies are much needed to accurately establish epidemiology and disease course in patients with primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We aimed to obtain population-based prevalence and incidence figures, insight in disease course with regard to survival, liver transplantation (LT), and occurrence of malignancies, as well as risk factors thereof. Four independent hospital databases were searched in 44 hospitals in a large geographically defined area of the Netherlands, comprising 50% of the population. In addition, all PSC patients in the three Dutch liver transplant centers and all inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in the adherence area of a large district hospital were identified. All medical records were reviewed on-site, verifying diagnosis. Five hundred and ninety PSC patients were identified, resulting in an incidence of 0.5 and a point prevalence of 6.0 per 100,000. Median follow up was 92 months. Estimated median survival from diagnosis until LT or PSC-related death in the entire cohort was 21.3 years, as opposed to 13.2 years in the combined transplant centers cohort (n = 422; P < 0.0001). Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) risk was 10-fold increased, as compared to ulcerative colitis controls, and developed at a much younger age (39 years; range, 26-64), compared to IBD controls (59 years; range, 34-73; P = 0.019). Colonoscopic surveillance was associated with significantly better outcome.This study exemplifies that, for relatively rare diseases, it is paramount to collect observational data from large, population-based cohorts, because incidence and prevalence rates of PSC are markedly lower and survival much longer than previously reported. The selection of a bias-free, population-based cohort showed a significantly longer survival, compared to the tertiary referral cohort. CRC can develop at an early age, warranting surveillance from time of PSC diagnosis.
Abstract 19739: Supply/Demand Type 2 Myocardial Infarction Using a High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assay with Gender-Specific Cutoffs
Authors: Yader Sandoval, Stephen W Smith, Karen M Schulz, MaryAnn M Murakami, Fred S Apple
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Supply/demand type 2 myocardial infarction (T2MI) is frequently encountered using contemporary cardiac troponin (cTn) assays. It is expected that T2MI will become more frequent once high-sensitivity cTn (hs-cTn) assays are FDA-cleared. Little information is available about T2MI using hs-cTn assays. Our purpose was to describe the frequency, characteristics, triggers, and outcomes of T2MI using a hs-cTnI assay.

Methods: Retrospective study of 310 patients with serial hs-cTnI assay (Abbott ARCHITECT, gender-specific 99th percentiles: F:16 ng/L; M:34 ng/L) measurements was reviewed. All patients with an increased hs-cTnI underwent adjudication using the 3rd Universal Definition of MI. Clinical characteristics, resource utilization including medications and test utilization, as well as outcomes were obtained. All T2MIs underwent additional adjudication to identify the altered variable (s) within the supply/demand balance.

Results: 32 patients had an acute MI. 10 (3%) had a type 1 MI (T1MI), 22 (7%) had T2MI, 95 (31%) had non-MI with hs-cTnI increase, and 183 (59%) had no MI with no hs-cTnI increase (Table). T2MI represented 69% of all MIs (22/32). Patients with T2MI had a higher mean heart rate vs. T1MI (116 vs. 88 beats per minute, p<0.007). Anticoagulation with heparin/enoxaparin was prescribed in 50% (n=11) of T2MIs. T1MIs had higher initial hs-cTnI values (median 64 ng/L vs. 24 ng/L, p=0.42) and higher maximum hs-cTnI values (2499 ng/L vs. 190 ng/L, p<0.009) vs. T2MI. Most common triggers for T2MI were tachyarrhythmias (8/22), hypotension (8/22) and hypertension (6/22).

Conclusions: Using a hs-cTnI assay, T2MI represented 69% of all acute MIs. Despite its non-plaque rupture pathophysiology, half the patients with T2MI were prescribed anticoagulants. Tachyarrhythmias and hypotension were the most common triggers of T2MI. Our findings support the urgent need to further investigate T2MI, emphasizing studies addressing the management of T2MI.

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Abstract P378: Risk Factors for Incident Venous Thrombosis and their Associations with Recurrence
Authors: Kerri L Wiggins, Laura B Harrington, Marc Blondon, Kenneth M Rice, Colleen M Sitlani, Susan R Heckbert, Bruce M Psaty, Nicholas L Smith
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Risk factors for incident venous thrombosis (VT) have been studied extensively, yet less is known about risk factors for recurrent VT in population-based settings. Objective: To evaluate whether established risk factors for incident VT are associated with recurrent VT in women. Methods: In a population-based, case-control study, we identified 1575 incident VT cases in 2002-2010 among women aged 18-89 and 3254 matched controls. Incident VT cases were followed for VT recurrence, defined by physician diagnosis with clinical and/or imaging evidence of a new or expanded clot. We used separate Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the association of risk factors, assessed at the time of the incident VT, with the hazard of VT recurrence. Established risk factors for incident VT included: age, race, body mass index (BMI), hospitalization or inpatient surgery ≤30 days prior to event, recent cancer diagnosis or treatment, history of cardiovascular disease, and current estrogen use (oral contraceptive or hormone therapy). Incident VT characteristics (distal vs. proximal deep vein thrombosis [DVT] and pulmonary embolism [PE] with or without DVT) were also evaluated. Models were adjusted for all factors simultaneously and were run with and without adjustment for time-dependent oral anticoagulation therapy (OAT). Risk factors were assessed by chart review, telephone interview, and computerized pharmacy records. Results: For these interim analyses, follow-up data were available for 1285 women who were followed for a mean of 39.6 months with a 13% probability of a recurrent VT at 3 years. Higher BMI and recent cancer were associated with an increased risk of recurrent VT. When time-dependent OAT was included in the models, estimates were essentially unchanged. Conclusions: In our population-based study, most risk factors for incident VT were poor predictors of recurrence. However, we provide further evidence that BMI and recent cancers are associated with modestly increased hazards of VT recurrence in women.
Increased immunoreactivity of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and β-catenin in high-risk basal cell carcinoma
Authors: S.T. Oh, H.S. Kim, N.J. Yoo, W.S. Lee, B.K. Cho, J. Reichrath
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Although various immunohistological markers have been investigated to assess the aggressive characteristics of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), the role of membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has not been well established.To clarify the precise role of MT1-MMP in BCC, MT1-MMP expression was studied in various histological subtypes of BCC.High-risk subtypes of BCC were compared by assessing the expression of β-catenin and MT1-MMP. The tissue microarray technique was used for immunohistochemical staining. Fifty-eight samples were divided into six subtypes (10 nodular, 12 mixed, nine infiltrative, eight morphoeiform, 10 micro-nodular and nine basosquamous). Overall, the 10 nodular BCC samples were classified as low-risk BCC and the remaining 48 samples were classified as high-risk BCCs.β-Catenin immunoreactivity was increased in the high-risk BCCs compared with the low-risk (nodular) BCC (P < 0·001). Nuclear β-catenin immunoreactivity was increased at the invading front of mixed BCC tumour islands compared with the upper portion of the lesion (P < 0·01). For the mixed BCC (P < 0·01), infiltrative BCC (P < 0·001), morphoeiform BCC (P < 0·001), micronodular BCC (P < 0·001) and basosquamous (P < 0·001) carcinoma, β-catenin immunoreactivity was increased at the invading front compared with nodular BCC. MT1-MMP immunoreactivity was increased in the high-risk BCCs compared with the low-risk (nodular) BCC (P < 0·01). The membranous MT1-MMP immunoreactivity was increased at the invading front of mixed BCC tumour islands compared with the upper portion of the lesions (P < 0·01). For the mixed (P < 0·01), infiltrative (P < 0·05), morphoeiform (P < 0·05), micronodular (P > 0·05) and basosquamous (P < 0·05) BCC, MT1-MMP immunoreactivity was also increased at the invading front compared with nodular BCC.The results of this study suggest that MT1-MMP might be a novel marker for high-risk BCC. In addition, expression of both β-catenin and MT1-MMP was increased in high-risk BCC tumour cells, indicating that these two proteins may play an important role in locally invasive and highly destructive growth behaviour of high-risk BCCs.
Dictionary of Medical Syndromes.
Authors: Sabina C. Magalini, Sergio I. Magalini
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Now in its fourth edition, this handy reference presents concise but complete information on all known syndromes drawn from every branch of medicine. This edition includes more than 200 newly identified syndromes and provides updated information and bibliographic references on syndromes covered in the previous edition. Coverage of each syndrome begins with the patient's complaint and then follows this basic pattern: synonyms; symptoms and signs; etiology; pathology; diagnostic procedures; therapy; prognosis; and, bibliographic references. The entries in this unique reference are drawn from widely scattered data in numerous medical periodicals and textbooks. This book contains newly reported syndromes and a few seen only in highly specialized textbooks. A cross-referenced index of the numerous synonyms for each syndrome is provided.
Exercise pulse oximetry is a poor surrogate for diffusion limitation in paediatric oncology patients
Authors: Liam Welsh, Sarath Ranganathan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background Pulmonary complications are common in paediatric oncology patients and often require evaluation with lung function. Spirometry, lung diffusion capacity and exercise pulse oximetry are routinely measured to identify the nature of pulmonary dysfunction and thereby the possible aetiology. However, the clinical utility of exercise pulse oximetry remains uncertain. Our aim was to establish the clinical utility of exercise pulse oximetry as a surrogate for diffusion limitation.

Methods We reviewed spirometry, lung diffusion capacity and exercise pulse oximetry data from consecutive paediatric oncology patients referred for pulmonary evaluation over a period of three years.

Results Thirty-six patients (26 male) with a mean (range) age of 14.7 (9.4 – 19.8) years were included in the review. Mean (SD) FEV1 and DLCO z-scores were -1.33 (1.7) and -1.45 (1.0), respectively, with diffusion abnormality the chief pulmonary dysfunction. Mean (SD) peak heart rate during exercise was 177 (15) bpm with a mean (range) SpO2 desaturation of 1.3 (0-6) %. There were no significant correlations between FEV1, DLCO, KCO or VA z-scores and the level of desaturation during exercise.

Conclusions Exercise pulse oximetry was not a useful surrogate for diffusion limitation in paediatric oncology patients. Saturations rarely dropped significantly during exercise (which was often sub-maximal in these patients) even in the presence of significant diffusion abnormality.
The medical health emergency card
Authors: L P Weston, L A Lawson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The idea of an emergency card carried by patients with certain conditions-for example, diabetes-is not new. A similar card for mentally ill patients is also not new: a users' group, Survivors Speak Out, first introduced a crisis card in 1989, and interest has since grown.1 Known as a mental health emergency card, its aim is to enable patients to give advance directives about their management. As such the card poses particular problems, not least in relation to the legal status of advance directives.2 At first sight mental health emergency cards seem to have something for everyone.3 However, contradictions in the objectives of different groups have delayed their widespread implementation and led to an atmosphere of distrust.

Survivors Speak Out, the inventor of the card, …
Engraftment of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells With Purine Analog-Containing Chemotherapy: Harnessing Graft-Versus-Leukemia Without Myeloablative Therapy
Authors: Sergio Giralt, Elihu Estey, Maher Albitar, Koen van Besien, Gabriela Rondón, Paolo Anderlini, Susan O'Brien, Issa Khouri, James Gajewski, Rakesh Mehra, David Claxton, Borje Andersson, Miloslav Beran, Donna Przepiorka, Charles Koller, Steve Kornblau, Martin Körbling, Michael Keating, Hagop Kantarjian, Richard Champlin
Journal: Blood (1997)
Abstract 15763: Does the Stop-Flow Technique Improve Cardiac Retention of Intracoronarily Delivered Cells? A Study of Cardiac Retention of C-kit Positive Human Cardiac Stem Cells (hcscs) After Intracoronary Infusion in a Porcine Model of Chronic Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Matthew C Keith, Julius B Elmore, Xian-Liang Tang, Yukichi Tokita, Alok Amraotkar, Shahab Ghafghazi, Kyung U Hong, Bathri N Vajravelu, Marcin Wysoczynski, Joseph B Moore, Gregory Hunt, Roberto Bolli
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Cell based therapies have emerged as promising modalities in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, promoting reverse LV remodeling and improvement in cardiac function. It is commonly believed that the optimal methodology for intracoronary administration of cells is to stop coronary flow during cell infusion, in order to prolong cell/vascular wall contact, enhance adhesion, and promote extravasation of the cell product into the myocardium. Occlusion of a coronary artery with a balloon involves serious risks of vascular damage and/or dissection, particularly in non-stented coronary segments such as those commonly found in patients with heart failure. It remains unknown whether the use of the stop-flow technique results in improved cell engraftment. We addressed this issue in a clinically relevant model of chronic ischemic cardiomyopathy by directly comparing retention of hCSCs after intracoronary infusion with or without coronary occlusion. Methods: Acute myocardial infarction was produced in 1...