tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prevalence Estimates of Diabetes and of Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors in the Two Largest Algonquin Communities of Quebec
Authors: Hélène F Delisle, Michèle Rivard, Jean-Marie Ekoé
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

To compare the prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) in the two largest Algonquin communities of Quebec (Canada) with that of other native groups and to describe the different patterns of NIDDM and other cardiovascular risk markers in these communities (River Desert [RD] and Lac Simon [LS]).The population-based study targeted all residents aged 15 years and older. In the age-group considered here (30-64 years), there were 480 eligible subjects and 299 participants (50.8% in RD and 86.9% in LS). All except those with confirmed diabetes underwent an oral glucose tolerance test. Serum triglyceride and lipoprotein cholesterol levels, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were measured.The age-standardized (world population) prevalence of NIDDM in women was twice as high in LS as in RD (48.6% vs. 23.9%). In men, it was 23.9% in LS and 16.3% in RD. Upper-body obesity followed the same pattern. In contrast, high-risk serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels were significantly more prevalent in RD than in LS, particularly among men. The rate of high blood pressure was twice as high in men as in women, with little community differences. When we controlled for age, sex, diabetic, and obesity status, mean fasting serum glucose remained significantly higher triglycerides and LDL cholesterol lower in LS than in RD. There was also an independent community effect on WHR but no on BMI.The prevalence of NIDDM in LS women reaches the rate observed in Pima Indian women. The observed differences between two Algonquin communities suggest a highly heterogeneous pattern of NIDDM and cardiovascular disease risk factors in Amerindian populations, even within a given tribe and a limited geographic area.
A Jewish Perspective on the Refusal of Life-Sustaining Therapies: Culture as Shaping Bioethical Discourse
Authors: Vardit Ravitsky
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2009)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Disclosure: Vardit Ravitsky was a member of the Israeli Public Committee on the Dying Patient during 2000–2002 and took part in the process of drafting the law discussed in this commentary. The views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of the committee or any person involved in that legislative process.
Pandemic flu: clinical management of patients with an influenza-like illness during an influenza pandemic
Authors: W S Lim
Journal: Thorax (2007)

Box A CURB-65 score Score 1 point for each feature present: N Confusion (mental test score of (8, or new disorientation in person, place or time) N Urea .7 mmol/l N Respiratory rate >30/min N Blood pressure (SBP ,90 mmHg or DBP (60 mmHg) N Age >65 years i1 www.thoraxjnl.com
Jugular Venous Pulse in 2:1 Atrioventricular Block
Authors: WILBERT S. ARONOW
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Five patients with 2:1 atrioventricular block were observed at bedside to have prominent a waves in their jugular venous pulse occurring before their conducted beats. Two of these patients also had prominent c waves after their prominent a waves. These clinical observations were confirmed by internal jugular venous tracings. Hypotheses for the physiological mechanisms causing these waves are discussed.
The Mitochondrial and Autosomal Mutation Landscapes of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Johan Lindberg, Ian G. Mills, Daniel Klevebring, Wennuan Liu, Mårten Neiman, Jianfeng Xu, Pernilla Wikström, Peter Wiklund, Fredrik Wiklund, Lars Egevad, Henrik Grönberg
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Azathioprine induced fever, chills, rash, and hepatotoxicity in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: M E Jeurissen, A M Boerbooms, L B van de Putte, M W Kruijsen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Within one year three of 25 patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with azathioprine 100 mg daily developed the following adverse reactions less than two weeks after starting treatment: patient one showed fever with chills, rash, and severe liver function abnormalities suggestive of cholestasis; the second patient had fever, nausea, diarrhoea, and moderately raised liver enzymes; the third patient showed very high fever and severe chills. In two patients the drug was rechallenged, with more rapidly arising and more severe symptoms. In one case raised liver enzymes persisted until seven months after discontinuation of azathioprine. Hypersensitivity reactions and hepatotoxicity of azathioprine are discussed.
Surfactant replacement does not reduce duration of ventilatory support in paediatric acute lung injury
Authors: A MacDuff
Journal: Thorax (2005)

▴ Willson DF, Thomas NJ, Markovitz BP, et al . Effect of exogenous surfactant (Calfactant) in pediatric acute lung injury: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA2005;293:470–6 [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] The quality and composition of surfactant are abnormal in acute lung injury. In adult patients surfactant replacement has had little effect on outcomes, but preliminary studies in paediatric patients have supported further research. The importance of the constitution of the administered surfactant is increasingly being recognised. Calfactant is a modified bovine … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DJAMA%26rft.stitle%253DJAMA%26rft.issn%253D0002-9955%26rft.aulast%253DWillson%26rft.auinit1%253DD.%2BF.%26rft.volume%253D293%26rft.issue%253D4%26rft.spage%253D470%26rft.epage%253D476%26rft.atitle%253DEffect%2Bof%2BExogenous%2BSurfactant%2B%2528Calfactant%2529%2Bin%2BPediatric%2BAcute%2BLung%2BInjury%253A%2BA%2BRandomized%2BControlled%2BTrial%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1001%252Fjama.293.4.470%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F15671432%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=10.1001/jama.293.4.470&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=15671432&link_type=MED&atom=%2Fthoraxjnl%2F60%2F4%2F325.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref?access_num=000226492900026&link_type=ISI
Renal-Artery Abnormalities in Three Hypertensive Sisters
Authors: Morton M. Halpern
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Angiographic findings in three female siblings, ages 45, 48, and 52, suggested fibromuscular hyperplasia of the renal arteries. A hereditary developmental weakness of the renal artery may be an etiologic factor of this pathological abnormality.
Colony-Stimulating Factors for Febrile Neutropenia during Cancer Therapy
Authors: Charles L. Bennett, Benjamin Djulbegovic, LeAnn B. Norris, James O. Armitage
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

A woman receives a diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; a standard chemotherapy regimen is recommended. Use of prophylactic granulocyte CSF is considered. G-CSF stimulates proliferation of neutrophil progenitors and release of mature neutrophils from bone marrow.
Third party mesenchymal stromal cell infusions fail to induce tissue repair despite successful control of severe grade IV acute graft-versus-host disease in a child with juvenile myelo-monocytic leukemia
Authors: L Ball, R Bredius, A Lankester, J Schweizer, M van den Heuvel-Eibrink, H Escher, W Fibbe, M Egeler
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
Robert Hildebrand Hunt Williams
Authors: Rupert Wilkinson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former consultant ear, nose, and throat surgeon Reading (b Frodsham 1907; q St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1934; FRCS Ed, hon DSc), d 8 September 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




He served in the Royal Air Force during and after the second world war before returning to Reading, where he founded the audiology unit and an educational system based on the optimal use of residual hearing in children. He retired in 1971 and became an associate professor in the department of mechanical engineering at Brunel, where he did further research into deafness in early life. He retired to Paphos. Predeceased by one child, he leaves his second wife, Roma; three children; and four grandchildren.
De subitaneis mortibus. XX. Cardiac electrical instability in the presence of a left superior vena cava.
Authors: T N James, T K Marshall, J E Edwards
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Abnormalities of cardiac rhythm have been reported by others in patients with a persistent left superior vena cava. We present the histological findings from postmortem examination of the cardiac conduction system of two such patients. The first patient was a schoolboy who died suddenly and unexpectedly. His sinus node was abnormally small, his A-V node contained numerous venous lacunae and was stretched out beneath the enlarged coronary sinus, both A-V node and His bundle were dispersed in the central fibrous body in a fetal pattern, and isolated fragments of A-V nodal tissue were connected to the myocardium at the crest of the interventricular septum. The second patient complained of palpitations many months prior to surgical correction of an interventricular septal defect; his postoperative course included multiple arrhythmias and he died suddenly on the 16th postoperative day. Although his sinus node was histologically normal, the nutrient artery contained a polypoid fibromuscular mass virtually occluding its lumen; his A-V node and His bundle were also dispersed in the central fibrous body in the fetal pattern, and the A-V node contained numerous venous lacunae as well as being histologically disorganized in its cytological pattern. These anatomical findings may indicate a basis for various forms of cardiac electrical instability, and deserve consideration in the future evaluation of any patient found to have a persistent left superior vene cava, but particularly if there is clinical evidence suggesting an arrhythmia or conduction disturbance.
Hierarchy in somatic mutations arising during genomic evolution and progression of follicular lymphoma
Authors: Michael R. Green, Andrew J. Gentles, Ramesh V. Nair, Jonathan M. Irish, Shingo Kihira, Chih Long Liu, Itai Kela, Erik S. Hopmans, June H. Myklebust, Hanlee Ji, Sylvia K. Plevritis, Ronald Levy, Ash A. Alizadeh
Journal: Blood (2013)
TCT-431 Long-term Angiographic and Optical Coherence Tomography Follow-up of XINSORB Scaffold in Porcine Coronary Model
Authors: Yizhe WU, Li SHEN, Zhifeng YAO, Lei GE, Qibing Wang, Juying Qian, Xi HU, Jian XIE, Junbo GE
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Brown Fat in Humans: Consensus Points and Experimental Guidelines
Authors: Aaron M. Cypess, Carol R. Haft, Maren R. Laughlin, Houchun H. Hu
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2014)

•Evidence suggests that most, if not all, adult humans have activatable hBAT in the neck region•18F-FDG-PET/CT is informative but not sufficient for detection of hBAT mass and activation•It is not yet known if hBAT constitutes a good target for obesity therapy•hBAT has health benefits beyond cold tolerance, such as in bone and metabolic health As part of a current worldwide effort to understand the physiology of human BAT (hBAT) and whether its thermogenic activity can be manipulated to treat obesity, the workshop "Exploring the Roles of Brown Fat in Humans" was convened at the National Institutes of Health on February 25–26, 2014. Presentations and discussion indicated that hBAT and its physiological roles are highly complex, and research is needed to understand the health impact of hBAT beyond thermogenesis and body weight regulation, and to define its interactions with core physiological processes like glucose homeostasis, cachexia, physical activity, bone structure, sleep, and circadian rhythms. As part of a current worldwide effort to understand the physiology of human BAT (hBAT) and whether its thermogenic activity can be manipulated to treat obesity, the workshop "Exploring the Roles of Brown Fat in Humans" was convened at the National Institutes of Health on February 25–26, 2014. Presentations and discussion indicated that hBAT and its physiological roles are highly complex, and research is needed to understand the health impact of hBAT beyond thermogenesis and body weight regulation, and to define its interactions with core physiological processes like glucose homeostasis, cachexia, physical activity, bone structure, sleep, and circadian rhythms.
Abstract P1-05-02: COX-2 expression in normal mammary epithelium is estrogen responsive and predicts expression in DCIS and invasive ductal carcinoma
Authors: P Schedin, J Fornetti, S Jindal, V Borges
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Background: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) overexpression is implicated in the poor prognosis of young women's breast cancer. Understanding the regulation of COX-2 expression in normal premenopausal breast tissue and its relationship to malignancy is anticipated to provide insight into COX-2 as a potential therapeutic target for young breast cancer patients. Methods: To investigate COX-2 regulation and expression, quantitative COX-2 immunohistochemistry was performed on adjacent normal and breast cancer tissues from 83 premenopausal women with known clinical reproductive histories as well as on rat mammary glands with distinct estradiol and progesterone exposures. To determine the stability of COX-2 expression over time, a small cohort of women with serial breast biopsies 2-3 weeks apart was evaluated. Results: COX-2 expression in normal adjacent breast tissue was predominantly epithelial, varied &amp;gt;40-fold between individual women, and was independent of proximity to tumor and tumor biology. COX-2 upregulation occurred in alveoli during pregnancy and with estradiol and progesterone exposure in the rat. Though these data demonstrate ovarian hormone regulation, COX-2 expression was relatively stable for each individual premenopausal woman over a 2-3 week assessment window. Furthermore, COX-2 expression levels in normal epithelium independently predicted COX-2 expression levels in tumors. Conclusions: COX-2 expression in the adjacent normal breast epithelium is highly variable across premenopausal women, and may be further modified by ovarian hormone exposure. Moreover, COX-2 expression in the normal breast independently predicts COX-2 expression in tumors, implicating women with high COX-2 expression in the normal breast epithelium as high risk patients who may benefit from COX-2 inhibitor therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P1-05-02.
Molecular characterization of deletions of the long arm of chromosome 5 (del(5q)) in 94 MDS/AML patients
Authors: N Douet-Guilbert, E De Braekeleer, A Basinko, A Herry, N Gueganic, C Bovo, K Trillet, A Dos Santos, M J Le Bris, F Morel, J R Eveillard, C Berthou, M De Braekeleer
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
N2O exhaust from cryosurgical units may affect physician performance
Authors: Elizabeth Rasche González
Journal: JAMA (1979)

Cryosurgicalprobes that employ nitrous oxide (N 2 O) may be hazardous, particularly to physicians working in treatment rooms with suboptimal ventilation and air recirculation.  A temporary decrement in psychomotor performance is, at present, the worst hazard, according to the Emergency Care Research Institute (ECRI) of Plymouth Meeting, Pa. Evidence from prior studies indicates that persons exposed to more than 50 ppm of N 2 O may suffer compromised motor and audiovisual skills, diminished dexterity, impaired cognition, and other neurological deficits. The ECRI is a 15-year-old independent, nonprofit, medical device testing corporation.  The solution is to scavenge the unit and vent the exhaust outdoors, but this is a measure more easily urged than implemented at present. Although manufacturers have responded favorably to ECRI's finding that N 2 O concentrations in three physicians' offices vastly exceeded the 25-ppm time-weighted average exposure recommended by the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, many
Intranasal Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Gregory A. Poland, Robert Couch
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outward K <sup>+</sup> Current Densities and Kv1.5 Expression Are Reduced in Chronic Human Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: David R. Van Wagoner, Amber L. Pond, Patrick M. McCarthy, James S. Trimmer, Jeanne M. Nerbonne
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Chronic atrial fibrillation is associated with a shortening of the atrial action potential duration and atrial refractory period. To test the hypothesis that these changes are mediated by changes in the density of specific atrial K+ currents, we compared the density of K+ currents in left and right atrial myocytes and the density of delayed rectifier K+ channel alpha-subunit proteins (Kv1.5 and Kv2.1) in left and right atrial appendages from patients (n = 28) in normal sinus rhythm with those from patients (n = 15) in chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). Contrary to our expectations, nystatin-perforated patch recordings of whole-cell K+ currents revealed significant reductions in both the inactivating (ITO) and sustained (IKsus) outward K+ current densities in left and right atrial myocytes isolated from patients in chronic AF, relative to the ITO and IKsus densities in myocytes isolated from patients in normal sinus rhythm. Quantitative Western blot analysis revealed that although there was no change in the expression of the Kv2.1 protein, the expression of Kv1.5 protein was reduced by > 50% in both the left and the right atrial appendages of AF patients. The finding that Kv1.5 expression is reduced in parallel with the reduction in delayed rectifier K+ current density is consistent with recent suggestions that Kv1.5 underlies the major component of the delayed rectifier K+ current in human atrial myocytes, the ultrarapid delayed rectifier K+ current, IKur. The unexpected finding of reduced voltage-gated outward K+ current densities in atrial myocytes from AF patients demonstrates the need to further examine the details of the electrophysiological remodeling that occurs during AF to enable more effective and safer therapeutic strategies to be developed.
Antidepressant Use in Pregnancy and the Risk of Cardiac Defects
Authors: Krista F. Huybrechts, Kristin Palmsten, Jerry Avorn, Lee S. Cohen, Lewis B. Holmes, Jessica M. Franklin, Helen Mogun, Raisa Levin, Mary Kowal, Soko Setoguchi, Sonia Hernández-Díaz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Whether the use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and other antidepressants during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of congenital cardiac defects is uncertain. In particular, there are concerns about a possible association between paroxetine use and right ventricular outflow tract obstruction and between sertraline use and ventricular septal defects.
Environmental challenge studies in laboratory animal allergy. Effect of different airborne allergen concentrations.
Authors: P A Eggleston, A A Ansari, N F Adkinson, R A Wood
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

In order to examine the dose-dependence of the airway response to animal allergens we performed environmental challenges on 17 workers with documented IgE-mediated allergic reactions to laboratory rats. The 1-h environmental challenges were conducted in a vivarium during cage cleaning (high-allergen challenge), quiet sitting (low-allergen challenge), or in a remote location (sham challenge). During the high antigen conditions, mean Rat n 1 concentration was 166 +/- 28 ng/m3 compared with 9.6 +/- 3 ng/m3 in the low-allergen conditions. Nasal symptoms and nasal lavage mediator concentrations were significantly lower during the low-allergen conditions, but the pulmonary response was similar in terms of symptom scores, coughs, or FEV1 change. Using covariate analysis to examine the interaction of airborne allergen concentration, IgE-mediated sensitivity, and airway hyperresponsiveness, it could be shown that both upper and lower airway responses were strongly dependent on airborne allergen concentration but not on the degree of IgE sensitivity to rat allergen. We concluded that within sensitized workers, acute airway response is determined almost entirely by the intensity of environmental allergen exposure and the degree of bronchial hyperresponsiveness but not by the degree of IgE-mediated sensitivity.
Narcotic Withdrawal Syndrome Caused by Naltrexone
Authors: VINCENT W. TORNABENE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Three persons who were regularly taking methadone, heroin, or both, ingested 50 to 188 mg of naltrexone, a potent narcotic antagonist. Each experienced an acute narcotic withdrawal syndrome beginning within 5 minutes of ingestion and lasting up to 48 hours. Mental status changes including confusion and somnolence were noted in two patients, one of whom also experienced visual hallucinations. Significant fluid loss through vomiting and diarrhea, which required intravenous fluid replacement, occurred in the same two patients. Illicit dissemination of naltrexone poses another hazard for opiate addicts.
Assault Weapons as a Public Health Hazard
Authors: Robert C. Belding
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —A recent American Medical Association Council Report on assault weapons<sup>1</sup>described some of our current societal problems resulting from firearms, specifically from the misuse of assault weapons. The difficulty of successfully defining an assault weapon was described. The report also stated, the "central issue... is the balance between... individual rights vs public health. Cost must also be a primary consideration...." But these issues are not clear-cut. For example, if we asked a Korean shopkeeper in Los Angeles after their recent riots for his or her views on "public safety and the value of firearm ownership," we would certainly receive views on this issue totally different from the Council's. I myself am the proud owner of an assault weapon. It is the semiautomatic version of the current US Army military rifle, the M16. I, along with thousands of my fellow shooters, use it in high-power rifle target