tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Frozen Sections
Authors: George W. Kindschi
Journal: JAMA (1984)

THE THEORY behind using the frozen section technique for quick tissue diagnosis is quite simple: while the patient is kept under continual anesthesia, the frozen section can rapidly provide information to the operating surgeon to help "make a therapeutic decision."<sup>1</sup> Not always, however, is this procedure used in a proper manner. All too often the frozen section is used merely to satisfy the surgeon's curiosity. In one study,<sup>2</sup>42% of the frozen sections performed at one institution were done as an afterthought. Thus, while the frozen sections did not contribute to the care of the patient, they did contribute to the cost of the health care. As succinctly stated by Dehner and Rosai<sup>2</sup>: "Satisfaction of the surgeon's curiosity will<i>never</i>reasonably justify a request for the frozen section." Apparently many surgeons do not realize that in the process of freezing the specimen, artifacts may be produced within
Abstract 35: Metabolomic analysis of MCF-7 and MCF-10 cells after thiaminase I exposure
Authors: Adam D. Richardson, Shuqian Liu, Jeffrey A. Moscow
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We have recently shown that recombinant thiaminase I enzyme has cytotoxic activity against breast cancer cell lines (Liu, S., Monks, N.R., Hanes, J.W., Begley, T.P., Yu, H. and Moscow, J.A. Sensitivity of breast cancer cell lines to recombinant thiaminase I. Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology, 2009). Because thiamine is a cofactor in several key metabolic enzymes, including pyruvate dehydrogenase, 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase and transketolase, information regarding the metabolic consequences of thiaminase I treatment may increase our understanding of the cytotoxic mechanism-of-action of thiaminase I. We analyzed the metabolomes of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line and the immortalized but non-malignant breast cell line MCF-10A with or without incubation for 4 days in medium containing thiaminase I at the predetermined cytotoxic IC50 concentrations (0.125 U/ml for MCF-7 and 0.25 U/ml for MCF-10A), with the addition of [U-13C]-labeled glucose in the final 2 days. By tracking the metabolism of [U-13C]-glucose using GCMS and NMR we were able to quantify intracellular metabolite pools and calculate both relative and absolute flux rates through several key pathways. Thiaminase I treatment decreased the amount of protein per MCF-7 cell by 30% (163 pg/cell to 115 pg/cell) while the total protein remained essentially unchanged in the MCF-10A cells (141 pg/cell vs 152 pg/cell). While both cell lines displayed increased glucose consumption and lactate production during thiaminase I treatment, these responses were greater in the MCF-7 cell line. Metabolite analysis revealed significant alterations to glycolysis and the TCA cycle in both cell lines, with glycolysis-linked metabolites being depleted in the MCF-7 cell line and changes in the equilibrium of TCA cycle intermediates in the MCF-10A cell line. The 13C- labeling patterns suggest that the MCF-10A cell line responds to thiaminase I treatment by increasing the catabolism of alternate, non-glucose carbon sources through the activation of specific metabolic pathways. In contrast, the MCF-7 cell line appears to have a less adaptable metabolic program and must down-regulate its overall metabolic throughput. Therefore, the possibility is raised that differential metabolic effects of thiaminase I could be exploited therapeutically. Supported by the Susan G. Komen For the Cure Foundation (JAM) and the California Breast Cancer Research Program (ADR). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 35.
Increased rectal mucosal enteroendocrine cells, T lymphocytes, and increased gut permeability following acute Campylobacter enteritis and in post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: R C Spiller
Journal: Gut (2000)

Post-dysenteric irritable bowel syndrome (PD-IBS) develops in up to 25% of patients following Campylobacter enteritis. Our aim was to define the pathological basis of this subgroup of IBS.Twenty one patients (group 1) underwent serial rectal biopsy and gut permeability testing following acute Campylobacter enteritis as did 10 PD-IBS patients (group 2) and 12 asymptomatic controls.In group 1, enteroendocrine cell (EC) numbers were markedly increased initially and at six and 12 weeks (p<0.001) compared with controls. Gut permeability, as assessed by the lactulose/mannitol ratio, was significantly elevated, initially and at 12 weeks (p<0.005). CD3, CD4, and CD8 lymphocyte counts in the lamina propria and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) were significantly increased initially compared with controls. At visit 1, EC numbers were positively correlated with CD3 counts (r=0.6, p=0.01). At one year, seven subjects (five with persistent loose stools) had rectal biopsies which showed significantly elevated EC, CD3, and IEL counts. In group 2, EC and IEL counts were significantly increased compared with controls (p<0.001), as was gut permeability (p<0.01).Increased EC, T lymphocytes, and gut permeability are acute changes following Campylobacter enteritis which can persist for more than a year and may contribute to PD-IBS.
Organising and training staff.
Authors: V W Drury
Journal: BMJ (1982)

One important change in general practice in the past 15 years has been the emergence of the  concept. There are many different interpretations of what this phrase means, whether the idea works, how it should be organised, and so on, but virtually all our patients now come into contact with a variety of people with different training and different skills. These are usually organised into two groups: a community health care team of health visitors, community nurses, nursing assistants, and midwives; and a surgery team of receptionists, secretaries, perhaps a practice manager, treatment-room nurses, and sometimes other skilled workers. The divisions are not quite as hard and fast as this implies, and there are considerable variations in the patterns of employment and work. There is about one whole-time equivalent worker in each group per doctor, but as most doctors work in groups and most workers are less than full time each doctor and his patients have to relate to four or five people. This often produces problems of communication and continuity of care, which are compounded by great variations in training and skills. Overcoming these diffi? culties is an important part of organising a good practice and has a direct bearing on the quality of care provided to patients. It is an anachronism that the front line in general practice is manned by the least trained troops, causing it to become an area that generates the most dissatisfaction from patients. Rudolf Klein1 has shown that at least a third of all grumbles about us arise for this reason, and Ann Cartwright and Roben Anderson' have shown that between 1964 and 1977 we did not get much bener in the way we handle these things. It is a truism that no matter how brilliant we are at diagnosing esoteric conditions if the patient cannot reach the doctor through the system then all is Training
Allergy screening with Phadiatop® and CAP Phadiatop® in combination with a questionnaire in adults with asthma and rhinitis
Authors: N. E. Eriksson
Journal: Allergy (1990)

The efficiency of the new screening tests for atopy, Phadiatop and CAP Phadiatop, was studied by comparing their results with a clinical diagnosis of atopy in 100 consecutive adults with asthma and/or rhinitis. Further, the diagnostic efficiency of a combination of Phadiatop and a few standardized questions was studied. The Phadiatop was found to have a specificity of 0.98, and a sensitivity of 0.92 and the CAP Phadiatop a specificity of 0.94 and a sensitivity of 0.96. When the Phadiatop was combined with a few questions, a sensitivity of 1.00 was achieved. It is concluded that Phadiatop and CAP Phadiatop have a higher diagnostic precision than other hitherto used methods for screening of atopic allergy. The place of Phadiatop in a diagnostic flow chart is suggested.
Minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation in leprosy
Authors: C.J. FLEMING, M.J. HUNT, E.L.C. SALISBURY, S.W. McCARTHY, R. StC. BARNETSON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

A 36-year-old man was treated with dapsone, rifampicin and clofazimine for borderline lepromatous leprosy. After 9 months, his leprosy plaques became progressively more red and after 23 months, the clofazimine was stopped and he was given minocycline instead. Six weeks later, he developed blue-black pigmentation in his leprosy lesions. The histology was consistent with minocycline-induced hyperpigmentation. This is the first report of minocycline-induced pigmentation in leprosy. We suggest it is important to consider this side-effect before the administration of minocycline in leprosy, particularly if it is prescribed in place of clofazimine.
On Teaching an Old Drug New Tricks
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The physician who, in keeping with stereotyped jokes, puts off a night visit by instructing the caller to take aspirin may no longer be able to do so. The distressed caller may already be taking the drug as a participant in a cohort study of its efficacy in preventing thrombosis. A number of these studies have been initiated since the discovery that aspirin inhibits platelet aggregation. Although some of them relate to the peripheral vasculature,<sup>1</sup>the majority address themselves to thrombosis in the coronary and the cerebral circulation. A report of one such study, the randomized prospective Coronary Drug Project Aspirin Study,<sup>2</sup>disclosed a substantially lower death rate in the aspirin- than in the placebo-treated group. In a more recent, retrospective, case-controlled study, Hennekens et al<sup>3</sup>found no association between the frequent use of aspirin and the mortality from coronary heart disease. Still in progress are the Aspirin
Escalating Obesity Rates Pose Health, Budget Threats
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A case of bullous pemphigoid and figurate erythema in association with metastatic spread of carcinoma
Authors: N.K. SAIKIA, RONA M. MacKIE, A. McQUEEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Clinical and laboratory findings in a case of bullous pemphigoid developing during the course of metastatic spread of rectal adenocarcinoma are presented. In addition a transient figurate erythema occurred. The possibility of a causal relationship between bullous pemphigoid and malignant disease is discussed.
Prognostic Significance of the Epinephrine Test in Preoperative Patients
Authors: H. G. Steele, A. F. Stratton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

THIS paper presents an evaluation of the epinephrine test from the standpoint of its prognostic significance in patients being prepared for surgery, as well as a brief review of its use in the diagnosis of diseases of the pituitary-adrenal axis.In 1908 Babes and Jonescu1 observed that stress in man caused a decrease in suprarenal lipid and that multiple intravenous injections of epinephrine produced the same depletion. After Vogt's2 demonstration in 1944 that epinephrine increased the content of the cortical hormones in the plasma of the renal vein of dogs and her subsequent observations3 and those of Long and Fry . . .
Enhanced atrioventricular nodal conduction in man: electrophysiologic effects of pharmacologic autonomic blockade.
Authors: D G Benditt, G J Klein, J M Kriett, A Dunnigan, D W Benson
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Enhanced atrioventricular nodal conduction (EAVC) comprises a portion of the spectrum of atrioventricular node electrophysiology in which physiologic slowing of atrioventricular conduction is diminished. To evaluate the basis of EAVC in humans, we compared the effect of pharmacologic autonomic blockade on electrophysiologic characteristics of atrioventricular nodal conduction and refractoriness in 10 patients with EAVC and 12 patients without EAVC (non-EAVC). The effects of autonomic blockade (0.2 mg/kg iv propranolol and 0.04 mg/kg iv atropine) on sinus cycle length and atrial refractory period were similar in both EAVC and non-EAVC patients. After autonomic blockade, minimum atrial paced cycle length with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction lengthened in EAVC patients (control, 268 +/- 25 msec; blockade, 307 +/- 34 msec; p less than .01), but remained unchanged in non-EAVC patients (control, 392 +/- 69 msec; blockade, 382 +/- 49 msec; p = NS). Similarly, atrioventricular nodal functional refractory periods tended to lengthen in EAVC patients, while remaining unchanged or shortening in non-EAVC patients. Furthermore, although autonomic blockade reduced differences between EAVC and non-EAVC patients, both minimum cycle length with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction and atrioventricular functional refractory period remained shorter in EAVC than in non-EAVC patients (p less than .02). Thus, baseline differences in autonomic atrioventricular nodal control differ in EAVC and non-EAVC patients, but do not fully account for differences in atrioventricular nodal electrophysiologic properties in these patients. Consequently, underlying structural functional factors may play an important role in determining the range of atrioventricular nodal electrophysiologic characteristics in man.
MULTI-MODALITY IMAGING OF SOLITARY ???COLD??? THYROID NODULES
Authors: A. K. Lamballe, M. P. Sandler, J. A. Patton, A. L. Bundy, A. C. Fleischer, C. L. Pertain
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Lamballe, A. K.; Sandler, M. P.; Patton, J. A.; Bundy, A. L.; Fleischer, A. C.; Partain, C. L. Author Information
Risk assessment: the perspective and experience of U.S. environmentalists.
Authors: E K Silbergeld
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Risk assessment is a set of decision rules widely used in the United States for identifying and quantifying the risks of chemicals and other events for adverse effects to human health, usually cancer. Scientific criticism has been directed toward the default assumptions and test methods used in risk assessment by regulatory agencies. This paper evaluates the contribution of risk assessment as an instrument of public policy toward the timely and efficient resolution of controversial issues in environmental and occupational health. Experience with risk assessment during the past decade does not support its utility in this regard. Alternatives to risk assessment in its current formulation are discussed.
FREQUENCY AND PRACTICE LEVEL VARIATION IN INAPPROPRIATE AND NON-RECOMMENDED PRASUGREL PRESCRIBING: INSIGHTS FROM THE NCDR®PINNACLE REGISTRY
Authors: Ravi S. Hira, Kevin Kennedy, Hani Jneid, Mahboob Alam, Sukhdeep Basra, Christie Ballantyne, Vijay Nambi, Paul Chan, Salim Virani
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
EPILEPSY AND ERYSIPELAS.
Authors: ROBERT HESSLER
Journal: JAMA (1898)

"The disease known as epilepsy is probably the most disheartening condition as to treatment that the physician has to deal with, since it often resists the influences of all standard remedies, and drives the practitioner from drug to drug in the hope of finding one which will be at least alleviating in its effects."—(Hare, "Practical Therapeutics," p. 496.) Soon after beginning service in the Northern Indiana Hospital for Insane, in the summer of 1894, I began to make a careful, systematic study of the male epileptics with a view of ameliorating their condition as much as possible. Among the 300 males in the hospital there are always present from 30 to 35 epileptics, changes being comparatively few. All are well marked cases and exhibiting every grade of mental decay. Simple cases with few convulsions and without decided mental change are not admitted to the hospital. Syphilitic, toxic and apoplectic convulsion
TRAF6 is a T cell–intrinsic negative regulator required for the maintenance of immune homeostasis
Authors: Carolyn G King, Takashi Kobayashi, Pedro J Cejas, Taesoo Kim, Kwiyeom Yoon, Gregory K Kim, Elise Chiffoleau, Somia P Hickman, Patrick T Walsh, Laurence A Turka, Yongwon Choi
Journal: Nature Medicine (2006)
Providing Experimental Therapies as a Commercial Venture Fails
Authors: H. McIntosh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Providing Experimental Therapies as a Commercial Venture Fails Get access Hugh McIntosh Hugh McIntosh Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 2, 17 January 1990, Pages 84–87, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.2.84 Published: 17 January 1990
Circulatory actions of phentolamine before and after autonomic blockade
Authors: J. ZENER, D. C. HARRISON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

Journal Article Circulatory actions of phentolamine before and after autonomic blockade Get access JULIAN ZENER, JULIAN ZENER 2 From the Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA 2Present address: San Joaquin General Hospital, Stockton. California 95201, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DONALD C. HARRISON DONALD C. HARRISON From the Cardiology Division, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 7, Issue 6, November 1973, Pages 748–754, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/7.6.748 Published: 01 November 1973
Effectiveness of Different Types of Footwear Insoles for the Diabetic Neuropathic Foot
Authors: Vijay Viswanathan, Sivagami Madhavan, Saraswathy Gnanasundaram, Gautham Gopalakrishna, Bhabendra Nath Das, Seena Rajasekar, Ambady Ramachandran
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—To compare the effectiveness of different types of footwear insoles in the diabetic neuropathic foot. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—A sample of 241 consecutive diabetic patients (158 men and 83 women, age 57.5 ± 9.6 years [mean ± SD], and mean duration of diabetes 12.3 ± 7.2 years) attending the foot clinic with previous foot ulceration and those considered at high risk of foot ulceration were included in the study. The study groups consisted of group 1, patients provided with sandals with insoles made with microcellular rubber (n = 100); group 2, with sandals with polyurethane foam (n = 59); group 3, with molded insoles (n = 32); and group 4, with their own footwear containing leather board insoles (n = 50). Neuropathy status was assessed using a biothesiometer. Plantar pressure was measured using the RS Scan inshoe pressure measurement system. Data obtained from the metatarsal heads were used as the peak pressure. The state of the sandals was assessed after 9 months. The patients were considered to have had an ulcer relapse when either a new ulcer appeared at the site of a previous one or a new foot ulcer appeared in a different area. RESULTS—Patients who were using therapeutic footwear showed lower foot pressure (group 1, 6.9 ± 3.6; group 2, 6.2 ± 3.9; and group 3, 6.8 ± 6.1 kPa; P = 0.0001), while those who used the nontherapeutic footwear showed an increased foot pressure (group 4, 40.7 ± 20.5 kPa; P = 0.008). The occurrence of new lesions was significantly higher in patients in group 4 (33%) when compared with that of all other groups (4%). CONCLUSION—Therapeutic footwear is useful to reduce new ulceration and consequently the amputation rate in the diabetic population.
The Ethics of Using Web Technology To Find Research Participants
Authors: Piet C. de Groen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters2 February 1999The Ethics of Using Web Technology To Find Research ParticipantsPiet C. de Groen, MDPiet C. de Groen, MDMayo Clinic and Foundation; Rochester, MN 55905Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-3-199902020-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In our institution, and in Minnesota, access to patient records for research purposes is not allowed without prior authorization (1). Before a patient visits the Mayo Clinic, a letter is sent wherein we request the patient's authorization to use the medical record for research purposes (2). Patients have the opportunity to consider what is offered in the privacy of their home without the additional influence or “coercion” of a physician or study coordinator. The new Minnesota law does not, however, prohibit contact with an individual to offer an opportunity to participate prospectively in individual research studies, even if ...References1. Minnesota Statutes Section 144.335, subd. 3a(d). Google Scholar2. Melton LJ. The threat to medical-records research. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1466-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Protection of human subjects: Belmont Report—ethical principles and guidelines for the protection of human subjects of research. Federal Register. 1979;44:23192-7. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Mayo Clinic and Foundation; Rochester, MN 55905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoApplying World Wide Web Technology to the Study of Patients with Rare Diseases Piet C. de Groen , Jon A. Barry , and William J. Schaller The Ethics of Using Web Technology To Find Research Participants Roy B. Jones Metrics 2 February 1999Volume 130, Issue 3Page: 245-246KeywordsAttentionClinical trialsDatabasesPatients Issue Published: 2 February 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
AIDS education must target young men in developing countries
Authors: Sam Crowe
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Agencies battling to limit the HIV/AIDS epidemic must target young men in prevention and education programmes or risk devastating consequences, a report from UNAIDS (the joint United Nations programme on HIV and AIDS) has warned.

The report was produced with the Panos Institute, a non-profit making body that gives advice on HIV and AIDS, particularly to developing countries. The report said that, although young men often have a key role in driving the HIV epidemic, they …
Cartilage regeneration using mesenchymal stem cells and a three-dimensional poly-lactic-glycolic acid (PLGA) scaffold
Authors: Kota Uematsu, Koji Hattori, Yoshiyuki Ishimoto, Jun Yamauchi, Takashi Habata, Yoshinori Takakura, Hajime Ohgushi, Takeshi Fukuchi, Masao Sato
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)