tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inducible cAMP Early Repressor (ICER) Is a Negative-Feedback Regulator of Cardiac Hypertrophy and an Important Mediator of Cardiac Myocyte Apoptosis in Response to β-Adrenergic Receptor Stimulation
Authors: Hideharu Tomita, Michael Nazmy, Katsuya Kajimoto, Ghassan Yehia, Carlos A. Molina, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Although stimulation of the beta-adrenergic receptor increases levels of cAMP and activation of the cAMP response element (CRE) in cardiac myocytes, the role of the signaling mechanism regulated by cAMP in hypertrophy and apoptosis is not well understood. In this study we show that protein expression of inducible cAMP early repressor (ICER), an endogenous inhibitor of CRE-mediated transcription, is induced by stimulation of isoproterenol (ISO), a beta-adrenergic agonist with a peak at approximately 12 hours and persisting for more than 24 hours in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes. ICER is also upregulated by phenylephrine but not by endothelin-1. Continuous infusion of ISO also increased ICER in the rat heart in vivo. Overexpression of ICER significantly attenuated ISO- and phenylephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy but did not inhibit endothelin-1-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Overexpression of ICER also stimulated cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Antisense inhibition of ICER significantly enhanced beta-adrenergic hypertrophy, whereas it significantly inhibited beta-adrenergic cardiac myocyte apoptosis, suggesting that endogenous ICER works as an important regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and apoptosis. Inhibition of CRE-mediated transcription by dominant-negative CRE binding protein inhibited cardiac hypertrophy, whereas it stimulated cardiac myocyte apoptosis, thereby mimicking the effect of ICER. Both ISO and ICER reduced expression of Bcl-2, an antiapoptotic molecule, whereas antisense ICER prevented ISO-induced downregulation of Bcl-2. These results suggest that ICER is upregulated by cardiac hypertrophic stimuli increasing CRE-mediated transcription in cardiac myocytes and acts as a negative regulator of hypertrophy and a positive mediator of apoptosis, in part through both inhibition of CRE-mediated transcription and downregulation of Bcl-2.
The effect of tauroursodeoxycholic acid and taurine supplementation on biliary bile acid composition
Authors: Ashok K. Batta, Gerald Salen, Sarah Shefer, Steven G. Tint, Bishambar Dayal
Journal: Hepatology (1982)

The biliary bile acid conjugation patterns were determined by high–performance liquid chromatography in five subjects after 6 months of 500 mg per day of free ursodeoxycholic acid feeding. Prior to bile acid therapy, approximately 35% of the biliary bile acids were conjugated with taurine and approximately 65% were glycine conjugated, and ursodeoxycholic acid was either absent or, when present, accounted for less than 5% as the glycine conjugate. After 6 months, ursodeoxycholic acid became the major biliary bile acid and approximately 90% of it was present as the glycine conjugate and approximately 10% as the taurine conjugate. In another experiment, in seven patients, 1 gm per day of sodium tauroursodeoxycholate (equivalent to approximately 750 mg per day of free ursodeoxycholic acid and approximately 250 mg per day of taurine) was administered for 10 days. The proportion of tauroursodeoxycholic acid rose to 41% of the total biliary ursodeoxycholic acid but 59% still remained conjugated with glycine. When three patients were fed 1.5 gm per day of taurine together with 750 mg per day of free ursodeoxycholic acid for 10 days, the taurine conjugation of ursodeoxycholic acid and other bile acids increased to 29 to 40%. These studies show that the administration of free ursodeoxycholic acid results in the increased formation of glycour–sodeoxycholic acid while the administration of 1 gm per day of tauroursodeoxycholic acid or 1.5 gm per day of taurine together with 750 mg per day of free ursodeoxycholic acid increases the excretion of tauroursodeoxycholic acid in the bile only to about 40% of the total biliary ursodeoxycholic acid. Thus, the taurine of tauroursodeoxycholic acid is partially lost during its enterohepatic circulation while the free taurine during taurine supplementation is only partially available for conjugation.
Gadolinium-functionalized nanographene oxide for combined drug and microRNA delivery and magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Hung-Wei Yang, Chiung-Yin Huang, Chih-Wen Lin, Hao-Li Liu, Chia-Wen Huang, Shih-Sheng Liao, Pin-Yuan Chen, Yu-Jen Lu, Kuo-Chen Wei, Chen-Chi M. Ma
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Effects of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension: a randomised placebocontrolled study
Authors: Richard N Channick, Gérald Simonneau, Olivier Sitbon, Ivan M Robbins, Adaani Frost, Victor F Tapson, David B Badesch, Sébastien Roux, Maurizio Rainisio, Frédéric Bodin, Lewis J Rubin
Journal: The Lancet (2001)
IL-17A and IL-17F do not contribute vitally to autoimmune neuro-inflammation in mice
Authors: Stefan Haak, Andrew L. Croxford, Katharina Kreymborg, Frank L. Heppner, Sandrine Pouly, Burkhard Becher, Ari Waisman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

The clear association of Th17 cells with autoimmune pathogenicity implicates Th17 cytokines as critical mediators of chronic autoimmune diseases such as EAE. To study the impact of IL-17A on CNS inflammation, we generated transgenic mice in which high levels of expression of IL-17A could be initiated after Cre-mediated recombination. Although ubiquitous overexpression of IL-17A led to skin inflammation and granulocytosis, T cell-specific IL-17A overexpression did not have a perceptible impact on the development and health of the mice. In the context of EAE, neither the T cell-driven overexpression of IL-17A nor its complete loss had a major impact on the development of clinical disease. Since IL-17F may be able to compensate for the loss of IL-17A, we also generated IL-17F-deficient mice. This strain was fully susceptible to EAE and displayed unaltered emergence and expansion of autoreactive T cells during disease. To eliminate potential compensatory effects of either cytokine, we treated IL-17F-deficient mice with antagonistic monoclonal antibodies specific for IL-17A and found again only a minimal beneficial impact on disease development. We conclude therefore that both IL-17A and IL-17F, while prominently expressed by an encephalitogenic T cell population, may only marginally contribute to the development of autoimmune CNS disease.
House dust mite avoidance and atopic dermatitis
Authors: D.L.L. Roberts
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Journal Article House dust mite avoidance and atopic dermatitis Get access D.L.L. Roberts D.L.L. Roberts Department of Dermatology, Singleton Hospital, Sketty, Swansea SA2 8QA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 110, Issue 6, 1 June 1984, Pages 735–736, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1984.tb04714.x Published: 01 June 1984
LKB1/STK11 Inactivation Leads to Expansion of a Prometastatic Tumor Subpopulation in Melanoma
Authors: Wenjin Liu, Kimberly B. Monahan, Adam D. Pfefferle, Takeshi Shimamura, Jessica Sorrentino, Keefe T. Chan, David W. Roadcap, David W. Ollila, Nancy E. Thomas, Diego H. Castrillon, C. Ryan Miller, Charles M. Perou, Kwok-Kin Wong, James E. Bear, Norman E. Sharpless
Journal: Cancer Cell (2012)
Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sabine Huke, Björn C. Knollmann
Journal: Circulation Research (2013)

A Trigger of HCM Pathogenesis?The authors discovered a new common finding in human HCM muscle-impaired length-dependent activation, which, in contrast to increased Ca sensitivity, was not rescued by PKA treatment for all sarcomeric missense mutations studied.Furthermore, replacement of mutant with wild-type Tn corrected the impaired length dependence in the 2 mutations that could be studied.Hence, impaired length-dependent activation
The accelerating pace of change
Authors: J. Willis
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Geronte: It seems to me you are locating them wrongly: the heart is on the left and the liver is on the right. Sganarelle: Yes, in the old days that was so, but we have changed all that, and we now practise medicine by a completely new method. Act II, scene 4, Le Medecin Malgre Lui by Moliere

Once upon a time (it's all changed now) everyone knew a song called The Vicar of Bray .1 The words—suitable, somehow, in their buccolic, 17th century way, for Christmas—highlight the absurdity of our belief that our era is uniquely prone to change.

As King James succeeded King Charles, followed by King William, Queen Anne, and finally King George, the Vicar of Bray swung back and forth, left and right, Protestant and Catholic, Whig and Tory, to cling to his living. Like Euripides' Trojan women being carried across the Aegean to slavery, the ceaseless incursions of rapacious Vikings into Medieval Britain, and the recent obliteration of great tracts of Bangladesh and Nicaragua …
The Poet of Flanders Fields*†
Authors: LOUIS H. RODDIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

Article1 June 1933The Poet of Flanders FieldsLieutenant Colonel John McCrae, Canadian Army Medical CorpsLOUIS H. RODDISLOUIS H. RODDISSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-12-1657 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe soldier poet who wrote the most arresting poem of the World War was Canadian, born of Scottish ancestry. He was the second son of David McCrae and Janet Eckford who were married January 21, 1870. The older son Thomas McCrae also became a notable man, a professor of medicine, the relative by marriage of Sir William Osler with whom he collaborated in the production of an encyclopedic treatise on medicine well known to most practitioners.John was born November 30, 1872. He began his education when scarcely three years of age by learning the Shorter Catechism. This learning of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: U. S. Navy San Pedro, California*Received for publication December 15, 1932.†This is the fifth of a series of portraits of medical poets. Those which have previously appeared in the ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE are:Joseph Rodman Drake—February, 1929.Oliver Wendell Holmes—June, 1930.Oliver Goldsmith—May, 1932.Wm. Savage Pitts—January, 1933. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byJohn McCrae (1872–1918) 1 June 1933Volume 6, Issue 12Page: 1657-1662 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1933 PDF downloadLoading ...
Violence in society
Authors: Elizabeth Walsh, Thomas Fahy
Journal: BMJ (2002)

As increasing numbers of mentally ill patients have been treated and reside in the community, public concern about their potential for violence has increased. Fear and stigma of mentally ill people have been exaggerated by high profile and occasionally sensationalist reporting of rare, albeit tragic, violent acts1

Are people with mental illness more violent than other people? An influential German study published in 1973 led to the belief that people with mental disorder were no more likely to be violent than the general population.2 This view remained unchallenged until the late 1980s. The best epidemiological data on violence and mental disorder come from the American ECA (epidemiologic catchment area) study.3 Self reported violence in the past year was measured among a representative community sample of 10 059 individuals. The prevalence of violence in people with no psychiatric disorder was 2%, and it was much higher in young men. Violence was reported in 8% of people with schizophrenia. People with alcohol (24%) or drug misuse or dependence disorders (34%) presented the highest risk. This study clearly shows that the increased risk of …
Paroxysmal atrial tachycardia in elderly patients with dual chamber pacemakers: atrial pacing effect and risk factors
Authors: S. Sack, N. Dagres, U. Wolfhard, J.B. Fuchs, A. Golles, M. Knocks, H. Wieneke, O. Oldenburg, M. Wein, R. Erbel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Animal models for percutaneous penetration: assessing contamination of the experimental system
Authors: C.L. GUMMER, H.I. MAIBACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

We have used both quantitative and qualitative procedures to assess the validity of percutaneous penetration data obtained from the guinea-pig in vivo. Our results indicate that, under certain, not unusual, experimental conditions the results may be misleading and should be viewed with caution. Contamination of the experimental system, either by simple desquamation from the site of application, or trauma to the site such as rubbing or scratching, may greatly influence the results. We conclude that simple control experiments similar to those described should be conducted when using in vivo animal models for studies on percutaneous penetration, and particularly where the subject is not totally immobilized.
Models for contact sensitization-novel approaches and future developments
Authors: G.J.A. OLIVER, P.A. BOTHAM, I. KIMBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Models for contact sensitization‐novel approaches and future developments Get access G.J.A. OLIVER, G.J.A. OLIVER Central Toxicology Laboratory, Imperial Chemical Industries Plc, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, U.K. Dr G.J.A.Oliver. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.A. BOTHAM, P.A. BOTHAM Central Toxicology Laboratory, Imperial Chemical Industries Plc, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. KIMBER I. KIMBER Central Toxicology Laboratory, Imperial Chemical Industries Plc, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 115, Issue s31, 1 August 1986, Pages 53–62, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb02110.x Published: 01 August 1986
Unusual complication of use of a Hertel exophthalmometer in a patient with Graves' ophthalmopathy.
Authors: R. M. Pope
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Number ofsubjects in each group by residence, age group, and sex.Numbers in parentheses are suibjects positi.vefor HIV antibody Recently developed leprosy Establishcd leprosy Suspected tuberculosis* Confirmed tuberculosis Surgical patients Blood donors
Abstract 2475: The abundance of SLC7a11 transporter in different tissues
Authors: Lavanya Kondapalli, Ying Huang, Maria P. Lambros
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The purpose of this study is to investigate the abundance of the SLC7A11 transporter in different tissues. The SLC7A11 is a plasma membrane transporter which mediates the transport of one cystine into the cell in exchange for one intracellular glutamate. We performed RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to demonstrate the abundance of SLC7A11 transporter in different tissues. Tissue array slides were purchased from US Biomax Inc. The tissues were stained with or without SLC7A11 primary antibody. The images were captured using the software NIS elements connected to Nikon Eclipse series microscope. The images were then analyzed for staining intensity compared to their negative controls by using the software, Imagej. Panc-1, BxPC-3 and MIAPaCa-2 are human pancreatic cancer cell lines which were purchased from ATCC. The cells were cultured at 370C in humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2 using MEM or RPMI medium with low cystine levels. RNA was extracted from all the cell lines and converted into cDNA for Real Time PCR analysis. PCR reactions were prepared using SYBR green (which acts as a nucleic acid stain), forward and reverse SLC7A11 or GAPDH primers, and diluted cDNA. The reactions were added into 96-well PCR strips and sealed to prevent evaporation of the samples. The ABI 7300 machine was run after configuring the software and finally analyzed using 7300 system SDS software. The immunohistochemistry images demonstrate that most cancers especially pancreatic cancers have a high abundance of SLC7A11 transporter compared to normal tissues. The RT-PCR results showed that PANC-1 has significantly higher SLC7A11 expression compared to BxPC-3 and MIAPaCa-2 cell lines. The results indicate that SLC7A11 transporter is highly expressed in cancer tissues. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2475. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2475
A Case of Thrombosis of the Abdominal Aorta
Authors: R. Paul
Journal: BMJ (1947)

this time only a scar remained at the site of the carbuncle on his neck; the one on his thigh had completely aborted.Case 7.-Mr.K., aged 41, had had a carbuncle on his right forearm for five days.He complained of pain up the arm and in the axilla.He was anxious to return to work as soon as possible, and 200,000 units of penicillin was given twice daily for three days, and a single dose on the fourth day.By this time the swelling had nearly subsided and the carbuncle was discharging freely.
In utero exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and duration of human pregnancy.
Authors: Giuseppe Latini, Claudio De Felice, Giuseppe Presta, Antonio Del Vecchio, Irma Paris, Fabrizio Ruggieri, Pietro Mazzeo
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), the most commonly used plasticizer in flexible polyvinylchloride formulations, is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant. To date, no information exists on the potential health hazards from exposure to DEHP and/or its main metabolite, mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP), in high-risk conditions, such as pregnancy and during the neonatal period. The aim of this study was to evaluate prenatal exposure to DEHP and/or MEHP and its possible biologic effects. We measured serum DEHP and MEHP concentrations in the cord blood of 84 consecutive newborns by high-performance liquid chromatography. Relationships between DEHP/MEHP and infant characteristics were tested using Fisher's exact test, unpaired t-tests, and univariate linear regression analyses, and significant differences on univariate analysis were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis. We found detectable cord blood DEHP and/or MEHP concentrations in 88.1% of the samples. Either DEHP or MEHP was present in 65 of 84 (77.4%) of the examined samples. Mean concentrations of DEHP and MEHP were 1.19 +/- 1.15 microg/mL [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.93-1.44, range = 0-4.71] and 0.52 +/- 0.61 microg/mL (95% CI, 0.39-0.66, range = 0-2.94), respectively. MEHP-positive newborns showed a significantly lower gestational age compared with MEHP-negative infants (p = 0.033). Logistic regression analysis results indicated a positive correlation between absence of MEHP in cord blood and gestational age at delivery (odds ratio = 1.50, 95% CI, 1.013-2.21; p = 0.043). These findings confirm that human exposure to DEHP can begin in utero and suggest that phthalate exposure is significantly associated with a shorter pregnancy duration.
Effect of inhaled formoterol versus terbutaline on respiratory function in moderate bronchial asthma
Authors: H. Hedenström, T. Wegener, G. Boman, L. Wåhlander, B. Melander
Journal: Allergy (1992)

Hedenström H, Wegener T, Boman G, Wåhlander L, Melander B. Effect of inhaled formoterol versus terbutaline on respiratory function in moderate bronchial asthma. In a double‐blind cross‐over study comparing the duration of action of 12 μg and 24 μg formoterol, 500 μg terbutaline and placebo, lung function tests were performed in 12 never‐smokers with non‐allergic bronchial asthma. All the patients were hyperreactive to methacholine, had normal serum IgE level, and negative skin or RAST results. The lung function tests were carried out over an 11‐h period and included measurements of lung volumes, airway resistance, dynamic spirometry, nitrogen single breath wash‐out test and single breath diffusion capacity for CO. The airway resistance and maximal forced expiratory flow tests indicated a pronounced bronchodilator effect without adverse effects of 12 μg and 24 μg formoterol on both large and peripheral airways. Improved intrapulmonary gas distribution measured by the nitrogen wash‐out test and more even distribution of the lung volumes indicating more homogeneous ventilation was seen for approx. 3h after terbutaline and approx. 11 h after 24 μg formoterol. Measurement of the CO diffusion capacity indicates more effective gas diffusion and a better ventilation‐perfusion ratio for at least 11 h, especially after inhalation of 24 μg formoterol.
Lung structure and function in cigarette smokers.
Authors: J C Hogg, J L Wright, B R Wiggs, H O Coxson, A Opazo Saez, P D Pare
Journal: Thorax (1994)

BACKGROUND--Cigarette smoking produces an inflammatory response in the airways of everyone but only 15-20% of smokers develop airways obstruction. The present study concerns the relative importance of peripheral airways inflammation and the emphysematous destruction of the parenchymal support of the airways in the pathogenesis of this obstruction. METHODS--A total of 407 patients with a diagnosis of lung tumour performed pulmonary function tests a day or two before a lung or lobar resection. The specimens were fixed in inflation and analysed at the gross and microscopic level to determine the extent and severity of the emphysematous process, the number of alveoli supporting the outer walls of the airways, and the average distance between alveolar walls. The severity of the inflammatory process in the respiratory and nonrespiratory bronchioles was also assessed using a previously established grading system. RESULTS--The lung function test showed that a decline in FEV1 was associated with an increase in residual volume and a decrease in the diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide and a reduction in the lung maximum elastic recoil pressure. The prevalence of grossly visible emphysema increased as FEV1 declined, but the extent and severity of these lesions and the number of alveoli supporting the outer walls of the peripheral airways was similar at all levels of FEV1. The system used to grade inflammatory response in the peripheral airways failed to identify a specific defect responsible for the physiological abnormalities. CONCLUSION--The reduction in FEV1 associated with chronic cigarette smoking can be partially explained by loss of lung elastic recoil pressure which reduces the force driving air out of the lung. This loss of elastic recoil pressure is attributed to microscopic enlargement of the air spaces rather than to grossly visible emphysema. The exact nature of the lesions responsible for the peripheral airways obstruction remains to be identified.