tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A pilot study of an exercise program for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: J. S. Temel, J. Greer, S. B. Goldberg, P. Ostler, P. D. Vogel, W. F. Pirl, T. J. Lynch, D. C. Christiani, M. R. Smith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9593 Background: The benefit of exercise for lung cancer patients is unknown. Although physical activity improves quality of life and fatigue for certain cancer populations, co-morbid lung disease and impairment may make exercise impractical in advanced lung cancer patients. In this study, we examined the feasibility of an exercise program for patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC and good performance status were eligible to participate. For the intervention, a senior physical therapist facilitated 90-minute, twice-weekly exercise sessions of weight training and aerobic exercise at Massachusetts General Hospital over an eight- week period. The primary endpoint was the feasibility of the program as defined by compliance with the exercise sessions. Secondary endpoints included functional capacity, measured by the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT), as well as quality of life, lung cancer symptoms, and fatigue, measured by the FACT-lung and FACT-fatigue scales. Results: Between 10/04 and 8/07, 25 patients (median age=68 years; 74% female) were enrolled, the majority of whom had stage IV disease (84%). Twenty patients (80%) underwent the baseline physical therapy evaluation. Twelve patients (48%) completed the program, with 11 patients attending all 16 sessions, and 1 patient completing 15 sessions prior to death. An additional 5 patients attended at least 6 sessions before declining in health status or being admitted to the hospital or hospice. Overall, 18/25 (72%) participated in the program as long as physically able. For the participants who completed baseline and post study assessments, there was a significant reduction in lung cancer symptoms. Conclusions: While the majority of participants attempted the exercise program (72%), just under half were able to complete the intervention. Those who completed the program experienced an improvement in their lung cancer symptoms. However, home-based or briefer exercise interventions may be more feasible in this population. Variable (N=11) Base Mean (SD) Post Mean (SD) p-value 6- MWT (meters) 410.55 (83.28) 435.73 (72.66) .11 FACT-L Total Score 103.44 (14.19) 104.66 (14.51) .72 Lung Cancer Symptom Scale 20.23 (4.70) 22.77 (3.01) .04 FACT-Fatigue Scale 35.35 (12.64) 38.77 (11.42) .35 No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Somatization and the recognition of depression and anxiety in primary care
Authors: L J Kirmayer, J M Robbins, M Dworkind, M J Yaffe
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors examined the effect of patients' style of clinical presentation on primary care physicians' recognition of depression and anxiety.The subjects were 685 patients attending family medicine clinics on self-initiated visits. They completed structured interviews assessing presenting complaints, self-report measures of symptoms and hypochondriacal worry, the Diagnostic Interview Schedule (DIS), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Physician recognition was determined by notation of any psychiatric condition in the medical chart over the ensuing 12 months.The authors identified three progressively more persistent forms of somatic presentations, labeled "initial," "facultative," and "true" somatization. Of 215 patients with CES-D scores of 16 or higher, 80% made somatized presentations; of 75 patients with DIS-diagnosed major depression or anxiety disorder, 76% made somatic presentations. Among patients with DIS major depression or anxiety disorder, somatization reduced physician recognition from 77%, for psychosocial presenters, to 22%, for true somatizers. The same pattern was found for patients with high CES-D scores. In logistic regression models education, seriousness of concurrent medical illness, hypochondriacal worry, and number of lifetime medically unexplained symptoms each increased the likelihood of recognition, while somatized presentations decreased the rate of recognition.While physician recognition of psychiatric distress in primary care varied widely with different criteria for recognition, the same pattern of reduction of recognition with increasing level of somatization was found for all criteria. In contrast, hypochondriacal worry and medically unexplained somatic symptoms increased the rate of recognition.
Abstract 17902: Hypoxic Preconditioning Promotes Caveolae-Dependent and Isoform-Selective Translocation of Protein Kinase C in Cardiac Myocytes
Authors: Wei Sun, Zhaogang Yang, Bizhan Matin, Keli Hu
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Protein kinase C (PKC) has been shown to play an important role in the cardioprotection of ischemic preconditioning. However, the mechanism underlying PKC-mediated cardioprotection is not completel...
Anxiety and Depression in Migraine
Authors: Jennifer Devlen
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1994)

The present study examined the prevalence and severity of anxiety and depression among people with migraine. To obtain a spectrum of migraine experience two potentially different samples were identified: over 600 patients attending migraine clinics and 87 migraine sufferers in the general population. International Headache Society criteria were used to establish the diagnosis of migraine. Anxiety and depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and studies using this scale in other patient groups were identified for comparison. Approximately 50% of subjects experienced anxiety and 20% experienced depression, rates which were consistent across the two study groups. This prevalence of psychological morbidity is unexpectedly high and comparable to that measured in patients with other diseases. There is no evidence that it is correlated with frequency of migraine attacks. Anxiety and depression are common among people with migraine and remain largely unrecognized. Future studies should identify contributory factors.
Tighter glycemic control is associated with ADL physical dependency losses in older patients using sulfonylureas or mitiglinides: Results from the DIMORA study
Authors: Angela M. Abbatecola, Mario Bo, Fabio Armellini, Ferdinando D'Amico, Giovambattista Desideri, Paolo Falaschi, Antonio Greco, Gianbattista Guerrini, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Clelia Volpe, Giuseppe Paolisso
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
High-dose cytosine arabinoside as the initial treatment of poor-risk patients with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia: a Leukemia Intergroup Study.
Authors: H D Preisler, A Raza, M Barcos, N Azarnia, R Larson, I Walker, M Browman, H Grunwald, P D'Arrigo, T Doeblin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Sixty-seven patients with newly diagnosed acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL) who were considered to be poor candidates for treatment with cytosine arabinoside (ara-C)/anthracycline antibiotic therapy were treated with high-dose ara-C (HDara-C) remission induction therapy. Thirty-four of the 67 patients had a hematologic disorder before developing acute leukemia or had a history of exposure to marrow toxins, 23 patients were greater than 70 years old, and 10 patients had medical problems that were felt to be a contraindication to therapy with an anthracycline antibiotic. Forty-two percent of patients entered complete remission (CR), whereas 22% failed to enter remission because of persistent leukemia. Treatment was associated with substantial toxicity varying from nausea and vomiting to irreversible cerebellar toxicity. Thirty-four percent of patients died during therapy. Poor performance status, a low serum albumin, and a low platelet count were associated with death during remission induction therapy, whereas a high pretherapy leukemic cell mass and a large number of residual leukemic cells in the marrow after six days of therapy were associated with treatment failure due to persistent leukemia.
Abstract 10228: ABSORB Cohort B Trial: Two Year OCT Results of the ABSORB Bioresorbable Everolimus Eluting Vascular Scaffold
Authors: Robert-Jan van Geuns, Patrick W Serruys, John Ormiston
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a high resolution imaging technique capable of accurate assessment of polymeric struts, changes in luminal and scaffold dimensions, and quantificat...
Biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii: associated features and clinical implications
Authors: J. Rodríguez-Baño, S. Martí, S. Soto, F. Fernández-Cuenca, J.M. Cisneros, J. Pachón, A. Pascual, L. Martínez-Martínez, C. McQueary, L.A. Actis, J. Vila
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2008)
Bacterological assessment of healthcare-associated pneumonia (HCAP) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis
Authors: Shingo Noguchi, Kei Yamasaki, Toshinori Kawanami, Kazuhiro Yatera, Kazumasa Fukuda, Syuya Nagata, Chinatsu Nishida, Hiroshi Ishimoto, Hatsumi Taniguchi, Hiroshi Mukae
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background  ATS/ IDSA guideline for HCAP was released in 2005. HCAP seems to be closer to HAP than CAP, but few reports has been documented according to the bacteriological incidence in HCAP. Molecular biological methods have been used in addition to ordinary cultivation methods, and we evaluated bacterial incidence of HCAP using molecular methods in addition to cultivation.  Patients and Methods  From April 2010 to December 2011, patients with HCAP were enrolled, and the bronchial washing were obtained from the pathological lesions using bronchoscopy. The partial 580 bp of 16S rRNA gene were amplified by PCR, and clone libraries were constructed. Then 96 clones in each sample were randomly chosen, and sequences of 16S rRNA gene were determined. Homology of the sequences was searched using BLAST.  Results  Thirty patients (22 males and 8 females, average age 70.9 (45-84)) with HCAP were enrolled. In relation to severities of pneumonia, 13.3% were mild, 63.3% were moderate and 23.3% were severe using Pneumonia Severity Index. First dominant phylotypes were  P. aseruginosa  (13.3%),  S. pneumoniae  (10%),  H. influenzae  (7.0%),  S. aureus  (6.7%), and about 40% of these patients showed anaerobes (14%) and oral streptococci (24%). Ordinary cultivation could not detect some organisms detected by this molecular method, especially anaerobes (0 in cultivation and 4 in molecular analysis) and oral streptococci (2 and 7, respectively).  Conclusion  It is speculated that anaerobic pathogens and oral streptococci were important in addition to potentially drug-resistant pathogens ( P. aseruginosa  and  S. aureus) , and oral streptococci were more important than previously reported in patients with HCAP.
Expression and functional activity of IL-6, sIL-6R & sgp130 in the preterm infant lung
Authors: Mallinath Chakraborty, Eamon McGreal, Philip Davies, Simon Jones, Sailesh Kotecha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Persistent neutrophil-dominated lung inflammation is strongly implicated in the development of Chronic Lung Disease of Prematurity (CLD). The complex of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and its soluble receptor, sIL-6R, can activate  trans -signalling in cells lacking the cell-surface receptor IL-6R; a soluble form of the signal-transducer gp130 can inhibit  trans- signalling by specifically binding to the sIL-6R/IL-6 complex. As anti-inflammatory effects of IL-6  trans -signalling can shape resolution of inflammatory responses, we studied the expression, inter-relationships and functional activity of IL-6, sIL-6R and sgp130 in the preterm lung.   Methods:  Cytokines were measured by ELISA in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from ventilated preterm infants born at ≤32 weeks gestational age. Functional activity was determined in a sensitive, IL-6 specific bioassay using mouse B9 cells. Results were compared between the CLD group (persistent inflammation) and non-CLD group (resolved).   Results:  Inflammatory cells and chemokines, CXCL8 and CCL2, were higher in the CLD group (p trans -signalling ratio of sgp130/sIL-6R (p=0.02). Functional activity of IL-6 in the bioassay was similar between the two groups.  Trans -signalling activity was not noted in any of the samples in the bioassay.   Conclusions:  Increased sgp130 in the lungs of preterm infants may be responsible for impaired  trans -signalling by the sIL-6R/IL-6 complex. Better understanding of this pathway may lead to therapies to resolve lung inflammation in preterm infants.
Medicare’s procedures for screening doctors are faulty, report says
Authors: Michael McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Despite recent improvements, Medicare’s process for screening out potentially dishonest or banned doctors often falls short, an investigation has found.

Medicare, the federal health insurance program for people 65 years and older and the permanently disabled under age 65, has estimated that about $60bn (£38bn; €55bn) a year (roughly 10% of its budget) is paid out improperly. As part of its effort to prevent potentially fraudulent healthcare providers and suppliers from participating in the program, Medicare uses four screening procedures.

Investigators from the US Government Accountability Office, an investigative agency of the US Congress, found that two of the screening procedures work well: a procedure set up to identify providers and suppliers who have been banned from participating in federal programs or health related programs because of prior misconduct and a procedure that identifies providers and suppliers who have died.1 But they …
Narrow Networks and the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Simon F. Haeder, David L. Weimer, Dana B. Mukamel
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Anti-interleukin-5 in severe asthma: Blood eosinophilia predicts lung function improvement
Authors: Stephanie Korn, Timo Schiffer, Roland Buhl
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

In recent trials in patients with severe eosinophilic asthma a clinical benefit of treatment with anti-IL-5 antibodies was only demonstrated in terms of exacerbations. Aim of the present analyses was to identify patient characteristics associated with a treatment response beyond exacerbations.

45 patients (27 [female], mean±SEM: age 51.3±1.3 yrs., FEV1 1.7±0.1 L / 57.2±2.7 % pred., FeNO 54.9±7.8 ppb, blood eosinophils 440/µl (median, range 10-2100/µl) were treated with an anti-IL-5-antibody for up to 12 months as part of blinded, randomized clinical trials (36 mepolizumab or reslizumab, 9 placebo).

There was no FEV1 benefit after 1, 4 or 12 months in patients treated with placebo (median change 1.2%, -5.5% and -2.9%). In patients treated with anti-IL-5 FEV1 increased significantly by 17.9% (265 ml) after 1 month (p<0.001), by 17.3% (240 ml) after 4 months (p=0.002) and by 21.1% (295 ml) after 12 months (p=0.003). FEV1 response to anti-IL-5 was fast with maximum effects already seen after the first month. In patients with ≥600 eosinophils/µl FEV1 increased by 30.1% after 1 month and by 27.8% after 12 months, compared with 15.6% and 10.7% in patients with ≤300 eosinophils/µl (p=0.065, 1 month; p=0.277, 12 months). In contrast, sputum eosinophilia (≥ 2%) or FeNO did not predict FEV1 response (change in FEV1 after 1 month: sputum eosinophils <2% vs. ≥2% 17.2 vs. 11.0%, FeNO <50 ppb vs. ≥50 ppb 17.4 vs. 19.6%).

In conclusion, the clinical benefits of anti-IL-5 in patients with eosinophilic asthma may well reach beyond exacerbations. Anti-IL-5 treatment seems to be most effective in asthma patients characterized by blood eosinophilia.
Serious complications of convex-probe endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: A multicenter, retrospective analyse
Authors: Benan Caglayan, Aydin Yilmaz, Semra Bilaceroglu, Sevda Sener Comert, Nilgun Yilmaz Demirci, Banu Salepci
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To evaluate serious complications related to convex probe endobronnchial ultrasound quided transbronchial needle aspiration(CP-EBUS-TBNA)and determine the complication rate.Methods:Three pulmonary diseases centers in which EBUS-TBNA was administered were included in this multicenter,retrospective study.A questionnaire with15 questions was sent to physicians.Clinical manifestations that requires clinical intervention and treatment except minimal bleeding,temporary laryngospasm and bronchospasm,transient desaturation,fever terminated within24 hourse was considered as serious.The rate of serious complications was calculated from the obtained data.Results:The study was conducted in three pulmonary diseases centers between October2008-January2014.861(27.6%)female,2262(72.4%)male totally3123 cases with a mean age of54.8±10.1(min:16;max:83)was included.CP-EBUS-TBNA was performed for staging in493(15.8%),diagnosis in2109(67.5%),diagnosis and staging in521(16.3%)cases.Of them362(11.6%)had paranchymal lesions adjacent to major airways,2761(88.4%)had hiler/mediastinal lymphadenopathy or lesion.CP-EBUS-TBNA was performed from6115 lypmh node station(1.96/case) and11753 times in3123cases(1.92/station).Totally 5serious complications including fever lasting longer than48hours in 2cases,infection of bronchogenic cyst in one,mediastinal abcess in one,pericarditis in one and pneumomediastinitis+ampyema in one case were recorded(0.16%).Conclusion:EBUS-TBNA is a safe method in general but particularly serious complications including infections can be seen.All precautions should be taken for complications during the process.
Validity and reliability of general self-efficacy scale in asthma patients
Authors: Eirini Grammatopoulou, Nikolaos Nikolovgenis, Emmanouil Skordilis, Afroditi Evangelodimou, Aikaterini Haniotou, Nikolaos Tsamis, Arietta Spinou
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction  The General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) is the most commonly used screening tool for self-efficacy. Its validity has not been reported for asthma patients.  Aim  Report the validity evidence of the GSE in asthma patients.  Method  50 Greek asthma out-patients participated in the study. Self-efficacy was assessed using GSE. Construct validity was tested through differences between groups and Cross-sectional validity through correlation sof the GSE score with pulmonary function (FEV1), asthma control (ACT), QoL (SF36v2), and Borg scale (Pearson9s r correlation coefficient).  Results  Lower GSE scores were found in the following subgroups: women vs. men (p 35 mmHg (p =0.003).Cross-sectional validity testing showed positive correlations of the GSE scorewith FEV1 (r = 0.67, p   Conclusion.The GSE was valid and reliable in the present sample with asthma.
Insulin Secretion and Metabolism during the Perinatal Period in the Rat
Authors: Françoise R. Sodoyez-Goffaux, Jean C. Sodoyez, Claudine J. De Vos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

To better understand why plasma immunoreactive insulin (IRI) concentration is high in the rat fetus during the last 3 d of gestation and why fetal hyperinsulinemia abruptly subsides after birth, insulin secretion and metabolic clearance rates were estimated in fetuses and nursed pups.
Involvement and intrinsic deficiencies of hematopoietic stem cells in MDS patients with trisomy 8
Authors: L Nilsson, Ingbritt Åstrand-Grundström, Kristina Anderson, I Arvidsson, P Hokland, L Kjeldsen, I Turesson, Bertil Johansson, E Hellstrom-Lindberg, R Hast, S E W Jacobsen
Journal: Blood (2001)
Preparation and evaluation of PEGylated phospholipid membrane coated layered double hydroxide nanoparticles
Authors: Mina Yan, Zhaoguo Zhang, Shengmiao Cui, Xuefei Zhang, Weijing Chu, Ming Lei, Ke Zeng, Yunhui Liao, Yihui Deng, Chunshun Zhao
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

The aim of the present study was to develop layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles coated with PEGylated phospholipid membrane. By comparing the size distribution and zeta potential, the weight ratio of LDH to lipid materials which constitute the outside membrane was identified as 2:1. Transmission electron microscopy photographs confirmed the core-shell structure of PEGylated phospholipid membrane coated LDH (PEG-PLDH) nanoparticles, and cell cytotoxicity assay showed their good cell viability on Hela and BALB/C-3T3 cells over the concentration range from 0.5 to 50 μg/mL.
Phospholipases in arterial tissue
Authors: S. Eisenberg, Y. Stein, O. Stein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

The role of phospholipases in the regulation of the changing phospholipid composition of normal human aortae with age was studied. Portions of grossly and histologically lesion-free ascending aortae from 16 females and 29 males obtained at autopsy, were analyzed for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), phospholipid, and cholesterol content and phospholipid composition. Enzymic activity toward four substrates, lecithin (LE), phosphatidyl ethanolamine, lysolecithin, and sphingomyelin (SP), was determined on portions of the same homogenate. By regression analysis for correlation between all determinations and age the following results were obtained: (a) total phospholipids and choleserol increased linearly with age; (b) the increase in sphingomyelin accounted for about 70% of the phospholipid increment; (c) hydrolysis of lecithin and phosphatidyl ethanolamine increased markedly with age, that of lysolecithin only moderately; (d) hydrolysis of sphingomyelin decreased with age; and (e) an inverse relation between the SP/LE ratio and age and sphingomyelinase/lecithinase activity and age was obtained. These results were interpreted to indicate that a causal relation exists between the fall in sphingomyelinase activity, both absolute and relative to lecithinase activity, and the accumulation of sphingomyelin with age.