tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
223. In Vitro Gene Transfer from a DNA-PEI Loaded Polylactide-Glycolide Porous Sponge
Authors: Garrett R. Rettig, Moses Oyeyumi, Yen-Chen Huang, Kevin G. Rice
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) matrices are common in tissue engineering applications and can be used as implantable gene delivery devices. Using a gas foaming process, we have previously reported the formulation of highly porous, bioerodable PLGA sponges that incorporate PEI-DNA in a bulk loading process 1. The in vitro gene transfer efficiency was analyzed as a function of PEI-DNA dose, cell seeding number, expression time, and charge ratio (1). In the present study we have determined if the gene expression efficiency can be improved by surface loading of PEI-DNA onto preformed PLGA sponges. PEI-DNA condensates were loaded onto PLGA sponges while monitoring the adsorption kinetics as a function of charge ratio, dose, and PLGA to porogen ratio. Surface loading of PEI-DNA onto PLGA sponges was found to be slow (several days), to yield lower load levels of DNA relative to bulk loading and occurred at an optimal PEI-DNA charge ratio of 4. Surface loaded PEI-DNA remained bound to PLGA sponges despite prolonged incubation in complex media. In vitro gene transfer experiments revealed that surface bound PLGA sponges were transfection competent; however, the levels of gene expression was significantly less than optimized, bulk loaded PLGA sponges. We conclude that bulk loaded PEI-DNA PLGA sponges have several advantages over surface loaded sponges. These results should help in the further design of these implantable gene delivery systems. (Supported by grant NIH DE 13004)
Hospitals could run general practice services in underserved areas
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

NHS hospitals could take control of general practice services in parts of England to provide new investment and infrastructure for under-resourced practices, the chief executive of NHS England has said.

In a speech to delegates at the Royal College of General Practitioners’ conference in Liverpool on 3 October, Simon Stevens said that areas where practices were struggling to recruit doctors or to expand their premises to offer more services could benefit from coming under the umbrella of large NHS foundation hospital trusts. He cited areas such as Northumberland and Newcastle,1 where hospital trusts provide list based general practice services as part of moves to integrate primary and secondary care services.

But Stevens stressed that the model would not be appropriate everywhere, citing the royal college’s preferred federations model—in which GP practices cluster together to provide a wider scope of services—as an equally valid mechanism for revamping …
Somatosensory processing subserving perception and action: Dissociations, interactions, and integration
Authors: H. Chris Dijkerman, Edward H. F. de Haan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Abstract The commentaries have raised important points regarding different aspects of our model. Some have queried the nature of the proposed dissociations, whereas others have requested and provided further details regarding aspects we had glossed over. Here we suggest that our approach to identify major processing streams based on the processing goal does not preclude interactions between them. We further specify details regarding body representations, haptic object recognition, and crossmodal processing, but are also aware that several features of the model require further filling in.
Physicians' Practice Experience During the Decade of the 1970s
Authors: Gerald L. Glandon
Journal: JAMA (1980)

MANY changes affected all aspects of the US economy in the decade of the 1970s, not the least of which is the practice of medicine. Real gross national product increased approximately 33% during the 1970s, compared with 46% during the 19602.<sup>1</sup>The cost of living rose 103.6% in the 1970s vs 28.3% during the 1960s (oral communication, Bureau of Labor Statistics, Oct 16, 1980). The unemployment rate was 5.8% of the labor force in 1979, compared with 3.5% in 1969 and 5.5% in 1959.<sup>1</sup> The disappointing performance of the economy during the 1970s and the resulting need to consider trade-offs in the use of the national product have important implications for the health care system in general and physicians in particular. Inflation contributes significantly to rising medical care prices, and the government's taxing, spending, and monetary policies impact on the practice of medicine just as they do in
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Bile Duct Access for Rendezvous ERCP Drainage in the Setting of Intradiverticular Papilla
Authors: R. Lai, M. Freeman
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

Cannulation of an intradiverticular papilla during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) can be challenging. We present here a technique for endoscopic ultrasound-guided puncture of the common bile duct followed by rendezvous ERCP for biliary drainage through the native intradiverticular papilla.
Carcinogenicity of fluoro-edenite, silicon carbide fibres and whiskers, and carbon nanotubes
Authors: Yann Grosse, Dana Loomis, Kathryn Z Guyton, Béatrice Lauby-Secretan, Fatiha El Ghissassi, Véronique Bouvard, Lamia Benbrahim-Tallaa, Neela Guha, Chiara Scoccianti, Heidi Mattock, Kurt Straif
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2014)
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Authors: Ernest W. Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The United Nations has proclaimed 1981 the International Year of the Disabled, and thus the research and clinical advances in physical medicine and rehabilitation are appropriately highlighted. <h3>Diagnosis</h3> Single-fiber electromyography has emerged as a clinically useful technique to identify neuromuscular transmission defects at an earlier stage in myasthenia gravis and related diseases. It also has become helpful in the semiquantitative estimation of reinnervation after nerve regrowth and certain motor unit diseases. This technique involves the measurement of variations in latencies of transmission of clinically mediated nerve impulses across the myoneural junction within a given motor neuron. Somatosensory potentials recorded over the head and spinal cord have been useful procedures to evaluate afferent pathways in the CNS. These may have prognostic value early in the course of head and spinal cord injuries and are also being used to monitor the spinal cord in certain operations on the spinal column. <h3>Pain Management</h3>
Heading in football. Part 3: Effect of ball properties on head response
Authors: N Shewchenko, C Withnall, M Keown, R Gittens, J Dvorak
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Objectives: Head impacts from footballs are an essential part of the game but have been implicated in mild and acute neuropsychological impairment. Ball characteristics have been noted in literature to affect the impact response of the head; however, the biomechanics are not well understood. The present study determined whether ball mass, pressure, and construction characteristics help reduce head and neck can impact response. Methods: Head responses under ball impact (6–7 m/s) were measured with a biofidelic numerical human model and controlled human subject trials (n = 3). Three ball masses and four ball pressures were investigated for frontal heading. Further, the effect of ball construction in wet/dry conditions was studied with the numerical model. The dynamic ball characteristics were determined experimentally. Head linear and angular accelerations were measured and compared with injury assessment functions comprising peak values and head impact power. Neck responses were assessed with the numerical model. Results: Ball mass reductions up to 35% resulted in decreased head responses up to 23–35% for the numerical and subject trials. Similar decreases in neck axial and shear responses were observed. Ball pressure reductions of 50% resulted in head and neck response reductions up to 10–31% for the subject trials and numerical model. Head response reductions up to 15% were observed between different ball constructions. The wet condition generally resulted in greater head and neck responses of up to 20%. Conclusion: Ball mass, pressure, and construction can reduce the impact severity to the head and neck. It is foreseeable that the benefits can be extended to players of all ages and skill levels.
Intravenous pretreatment with A1-selective adenosine analogues protects the heart against infarction.
Authors: J D Thornton, G S Liu, R A Olsson, J M Downey
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Recent data from this laboratory indicate that pretreatment with adenosine can protect the heart against infarction via A1-receptors, but because of systemic hypotension, adenosine had to be given into the coronary circulation. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we tested whether the protection could be achieved by intravenous administration of the A1-selective adenosine agonists N6-(phenyl-2R-isopropyl)-adenosine (PIA) and 2-chloro-N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CCPA). Nine groups of open-chest anesthetized rabbits were subjected to 30 minutes of regional coronary ischemia and 3 hours of reperfusion. Infarct size was determined by tetrazolium staining. Control hearts receiving no treatment had 38 +/- 4% of the risk zone infarcted. Preconditioning with 5 minutes of ischemia and 10 minutes of reperfusion before ischemia limited the infarct to 8 +/- 4%. Intravenous PIA 15 minutes before 30-minute ischemia also limited infarct size to 6 +/- 2% at the highest dose. CCPA offered similar protection. When the PIA was given at reperfusion, infarct size was 46 +/- 6%, indicating that receptor activation must precede ischemia to protect. Pretreatment with CGS 21680, a selective A2-receptor agonist, caused identical hypotension but failed to limit infarct size (43 +/- 3%), indicating again that the A1-receptor is involved. When rabbits pretreated with PIA were paced at 220 beats per minutes, PIA still limited infarct size (16 +/- 4%), indicating that protection was not the result of bradycardia. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that stimulation of adenosine A1-receptors causes the heart to become resistant to ischemia and that this protection can be achieved with intravenous administration of A1-selective agents.
Clinical Manifestations of Coccidioidomycosis.
Authors: John F. Murray
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 October 1964Clinical Manifestations of Coccidioidomycosis.John F. Murray, M.D.John F. Murray, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-807_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCoccidioidomycosis occurs in acute and chronic varieties; most of the former are subclinical, but respiratory diseases that range from mild flu-like illnesses to severe pneumonias may occur. Pleural effusion, hilar lymphadenopathy, or erythema nodosum may be the predominant manifestation and cause diagnostic confusion unless coccidioidomycosis is considered. Pulmonary infections in very young, aged, debilitated, pregnant, or dark-skinned individuals can be serious. Treatment should be considered both for the clinical problem itself and to prevent spread. The most frequent complication is dissemination that usually occurs early and has a predilection for skin, bones, lung, lymph nodes, and meninges. Diagnostic aids include... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1964Volume 61, Issue 4Page: 807-807KeywordsBoneCoccidioidomycosisErythemaLungsLymph nodesMeningesPleural effusionPneumoniaPregnancyPulmonary diseases Issue Published: 1 October 1964 PDF DownloadLoading ...
941-16 Beneficial Effects of OPC-18790 on Mechanoenergetics in Patients with Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hirofumi Kanda, Hitoshi Ishihara, Kohzo Nagata, Ryozo Kato, Toshikazu Sobue, Mitsuhiro Yokota
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Infections Acquired during Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Estimating the Risk and Defining Strategies for Prevention
Authors: George C. Mejicano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

To estimate the risk for acquiring an infectious disease during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) or CPR training and to identify strategies to minimize that risk.English-language articles published since 1965 were identified through a search of the MEDLINE database and selected bibliographies.Studies that contained information about transmission of infectious organisms, particularly HIV and other bloodborne viruses that might be transmitted through mouth-to-mouth ventilation, contact exposures, and needlesticks during CPR.Descriptive and analytic data from each study.Fear of acquiring infection, especially HIV infection, can delay prompt initiation of mouth-to-mouth ventilation. Although pathogens can be isolated from the saliva of infected persons, salivary transmission of bloodborne viruses is unusual and transmission of infection has been rare: Only 15 documented cases have been reported. Most of these cases involved a bacterial pathogen, such as Neisseria meningitidis. Transmission of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, or cytomegalovirus during CPR has not been reported; all three reported cases of HIV infection acquired during resuscitation of an infected patient resulted from high-risk cutaneous exposures. There have been no reports of infection acquired during CPR training. Simple infection-control measures, including use of barrier devices, can reduce the risk for acquisition of an infectious disease during CPR and CPR training. Postexposure protocols can further protect potential rescuers and trainees.The benefit of initiating lifesaving resuscitation in a patient in cardiopulmonary arrest greatly outweighs the risk for secondary infection in the rescuer or the patient. Nevertheless, use of simple infection-control measures during CPR and CPR training can reduce a very low level of risk even further.
Gene mapping and expression analysis of 16q loss of heterozygosity identifies WWOX and CYLD as being important in determining clinical outcome in multiple myeloma
Authors: Matthew W. Jenner, Paola E. Leone, Brian A. Walker, Fiona M. Ross, David C. Johnson, David Gonzalez, Laura Chiecchio, Elisabet Dachs Cabanas, Gian Paolo Dagrada, Mathew Nightingale, Rebecca K. M. Protheroe, David Stockley, Monica Else, Nicholas J. Dickens, Nicholas C. P. Cross, Faith E. Davies, Gareth J. Morgan
Journal: Blood (2007)
Differential regulation of two glucose transporters in adipose cells from diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats.
Authors: B B Kahn, M J Charron, H F Lodish, S W Cushman, J S Flier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

At least two genetically distinct glucose transporters (GTs) coexist in adipose cells, one cloned from human hepatoma cells and rat brain (HepG2/brain) and another from rat skeletal muscle, heart, and adipose cells (adipose cell/muscle). Here we demonstrate differential regulation of these two GTs in adipose cells of diabetic and insulin-treated diabetic rats and compare changes in the expression of each GT with marked alterations in insulin-stimulated glucose transport activity. Adipose cell/muscle GTs detected by immunoblotting with the monoclonal antiserum 1F8 (James, D. E., R. Brown, J. Navarro, and P. F. Pilch. 1988. Nature (Lond.). 333:183-185), which reacts with the protein product of the newly cloned adipose cell/muscle GT cDNA, decrease 87% with diabetes and increase to 8.5-fold diabetic levels with insulin treatment. These changes concur qualitatively with previous detection of GTs by cytochalasin B binding and with insulin-stimulated 3-O-methylglucose transport. Northern blotting reveals that the adipose/muscle GT mRNA decreases 50% with diabetes and increases to 6.8-fold control (13-fold diabetic) levels with insulin treatment. In contrast, GTs detected with antisera to the carboxyl terminus of the HepG2 GT or to the human erythrocyte GT show no significant change with diabetes or insulin treatment. The HepG2/brain GT mRNA is unchanged with diabetes and increases threefold with insulin treatment. These results suggest that (a) altered expression of the adipose cell/muscle GT forms the molecular basis for the dysregulated glucose transport response to insulin characteristic of diabetes, (b) the expression of two types of GTs in rat adipose cells is regulated independently, and (c) alterations in mRNA levels are only part of the mechanism for in vivo regulation of the expression of either GT species.
INTRA‐NASAL BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE IN VASOMOTOR RHINITIS
Authors: LARS MALM, JAN‐ÅKE WIHL
Journal: Allergy (1976)

Twenty-one patients with vasomotor rhinitis, with no relevant allergens known, completed a special double-blind trial of beclomethasone dipropionate aerosol (BDA) and placebo intra-nasally. Each patient took 200, 400 and 800 mug BDA and placebo during four consecutive 2-week periods and in different sequences. The symptom scores of the last week of each period of nasal blockage, watery secretion and sneezing were significantly reduced by all doses of BDA as compared with placebo. There were no differences between the effects of the different doses of BDA except for secretion, which was reduced more by using 800 than 200 mug. Cortisol in serum and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids in 24-hour urine were not significantly changed by BDA treatment and no increased frequency of pathogenic bacteria or fungi could be demonstrated in the nasal secretion. For treatment of patients with vasomotor rhinitis, intra-nasal BDA in a daily dose of 200 mug can be recommended when antihistamines, sympathomimetic drugs and sodium cromoglycate are not sufficiently effective.
Randomized Phase II Trial of Irinotecan with Paclitaxel or Gemcitabine for Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Association of UGT1A1*6 and UGT1A1*27 with Severe Neutropenia
Authors: Yoichi Nakamura, Hiroshi Soda, Mikio Oka, Akitoshi Kinoshita, Minoru Fukuda, Masaaki Fukuda, Hiroshi Takatani, Seiji Nagashima, Yoshifumi Soejima, Takashi Kasai, Katsumi Nakatomi, Noriyuki Masuda, Kazuhiro Tsukamoto, Shigeru Kohno
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Chronic Monocytic Leukemia: A Clinical Appraisal.
Authors: Bruce L. Evatt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Chronic Monocytic Leukemia: A Clinical Appraisal.Bruce L. Evatt, M.D., Allen M. Mondzac, M.D., J. Richard Gaintner, M.D.Bruce L. Evatt, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Allen M. Mondzac, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. Richard Gaintner, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1041_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAlthough acute monocytic leukemia is a relatively well-defined clinical entity, the chronic form of monocytic leukemia has been given little attention. Some authors even question its existence. Since 1955 there have been 25 patients at the Johns Hopkins Hospital with a syndrome that is appropriately designated "chronic monocytic leukemia." These cases were mainly characterized by a long preleukemic phase with proliferative dysfunction of various blood elements, even before monocytes were present in sufficient numbers to make the diagnosis. The most common blood abnormality was that of refractory anemia and was present as long as 16 years before the onset of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1041-1042KeywordsAcute monocytic leukemiaAnemiaBloodMonocytes Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Abstract 4993: <i>IFI27</i> and <i>NOV</i>, downstream regulated genes by S100A4, are playing important roles in pancreatic carcinogenesis
Authors: Na Chen, Yuriko Saiki, Hitoshi Sekine, Makoto Sunamura, Shinichi Fukushige, Fuyuhiko Motoi, Shinichi Egawa, Michiaki Unno, Akira Horii
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract S100A4 is a member of the Ca2+-dependent S100 protein family, and positive association between S100A4-upregulation andmetastasis/invasion was reported. We reported a significant association between upregulation of S100A4 and perineural invasion in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of S100A4 promoted cell death mainly mediated by induction of apoptosis only in cancer cells with high expression of S100A4, and forced expression of S100A4 induced accelerated cell motility only in cancer cells with low expression. To explore the molecular mechanisms of cell motility after the forced expression of S100A4, we analyzed gene expression profiles and identified some candidate genes including IFI27 and NOV (CCN3) that are regulated by S100A4-upregulation, and we further focused on IFI27 and NOV. IFI27 showed significant upregulation after the forced expression of S100A4 and downregulation after siRNA mediated knockdown of S100A4, while NOV seemed to show an inverse relationship with S100A4. Using 93 primary resected tumors, we performed immunohistochemical analyses and identified significant positive association between S100A4 and IFI27 expressions. Although NOV did not show significant inverse-association, siRNA-mediated knockdown in high level expressing cells showed significant acceleration of cell motility. Clinicopathologic characteristics demonstrated positive associations between IFI27 expression and intrapancreatic neural invasion (P=0.0023) and negative associations between NOV expression and invasion pattern (P=0.017) were observed. Our present study suggests that IFI27 and NOV may be downstream regulated genes of S100A4 and that expressional changes may play important roles in invasion of pancreatic cancer. Citation Format: Na Chen, Yuriko Saiki, Hitoshi Sekine, Makoto Sunamura, Shinichi Fukushige, Fuyuhiko Motoi, Shinichi Egawa, Michiaki Unno, Akira Horii. IFI27 and NOV, downstream regulated genes by S100A4, are playing important roles in pancreatic carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4993. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4993
In utero depletion of fetal hematopoietic stem cells improves engraftment after neonatal transplantation in mice
Authors: S. Christopher Derderian, P. Priya Togarrati, Charmin King, Patriss W. Moradi, Damien Reynaud, Agnieszka Czechowicz, Irving L. Weissman, Tippi C. MacKenzie
Journal: Blood (2014)