tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethanol Effects in a Rat Hepatoma Cell Line: Induction of γ -Glutamytransferase
Authors: Robert Barouki, Marie-Noële Chobert, Joëlle Finidori, Martine Aggerbeck, Bertrand Nalpas, Jacques Hanoune
Journal: Hepatology (1983)

The clone C2 derived from a rat hepatoma cell line was used to investigate the mechanism of the induction of gamma-glutamyltransferase by ethanol. gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was detected in the C2 cell (1.4 mU per mg protein), and its kinetic properties were similar to normal rat liver gamma-glutamyltransferase. Ethanol provoked a dose- and time-dependent increase in gamma-glutamyltransferase activity, the maximum (2- to 3-fold) occurring 48 hr after the addition of ethanol (180 mM). In contrast, the activity of five other enzymes tested were not markedly modified by ethanol. Propanol was more potent than ethanol in inducing gamma-glutamyltransferase (5-fold stimulation), whereas methanol had no effect. The release of the enzyme in the medium was increased by ethanol and propanol. Several observations argue in favor of an increase in the biosynthesis of gamma-glutamyltransferase after ethanol addition: (i) ethanol increased the maximal velocity of the enzyme and did not modify the affinity for its substrates. It did not alter gamma-glutamyltransferase subcellular distribution; (ii) ethanol had no immediate effect when added directly to the assay mixture; (iii) the lag period and the time course of the increase in gamma-glutamyltransferase activity were those expected for an induction process; (iv) the increase in gamma-glutamyltransferase activity was prevented by cycloheximide and actinomycin D suggesting that ethanol acted at the transcriptional level. The effect of ethanol was not mimicked by acetaldehyde. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that ethanol increases the biosynthesis of gamma-glutamyltransferase in a rat hepatoma cell line which provides a new in vitro system.
Hyperosmia and depression following exposure to toxic vapors
Authors: R. I. Henkin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Only Thing That Matters
Authors: Victor Lerch
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relation of High Molecular Weight Proteins to the Serological Reactions in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: E.C. Franklin, H.G. Kunkel, H.J. Müller-Eberhard, H.R. Holman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1957)

Paper presentedrat the IX InternationallCongress of Rheu- matology at TorontolinJune,1957. likely that the rheumatoid factor might be associated with a protein of high molecular weight.An ultracentrifugal study of sera and serum fractions from patients with rheumatoid arthritis was there- fore undertaken in an effort further to characterize the rheumatoid factors responsible for the positive serological tests.Each of these was found to be of high molecular weight.In addition, it was possible to detect in the sera of certain of patients with rheumatoid arthritis the presence of an unusual high molecular weight protein complex (Franklin and others, 1957).
Frequencies of secretors and non-secretors of ABH group substances among 1,000 alcoholic patients
Authors: F. E. Camps, B. E. Dodd, P. J. Lincoln
Journal: BMJ (1969)

The ABO blood group and secretor status of 1,000 alcoholic patients has been determined. The patients were drawn from large alcoholic units in the London area together with several small units, including rehabilitation centres, nd 127 were from Aberdeen.The findings have been compared with appropriate controls which take into account the ethnic origin of the patients in the series. A striking disturbance of the secretor/non-secretor ratio among group A patients compared with the controls is observed. There is an increase in group A non-secretors, which is almost exactly balanced by a loss of group A secretors so that the overall frequency of the group A phenotype is not disturbed. It is difficult to find an acceptable explanation for these results.
Thrombocytosis Associated with Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin
Authors: David A. Rizzieri
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters15 July 1996Thrombocytosis Associated with Low-Molecular-Weight HeparinDavid A. Rizzieri, MD, Wendy M. Wong, PharmD, and John P. Gockerman, MDDavid A. Rizzieri, MDDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, Wendy M. Wong, PharmDDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, and John P. Gockerman, MDDuke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:A 67-year-old woman with adrenal cortical carcinoma had nephrectomy, adrenalectomy, inferior vena cava thrombectomy, splenectomy, and liver wedge biopsy. Surgical margins were clear of tumor, but examination of a liver biopsy specimen showed the presence of cancer. Four months after these procedures were done, scans of the abdomen showed progressive disease in the liver. The patient was then referred for chemotherapy. While hospitalized, she experienced acute shortness of breath during the first cycle of cisplatin and etoposide. Spiral computed tomography showed a tumor and bilateral pulmonary thrombus. Therapy with low-molecular-weight heparin was initiated, and the patient's platelet ...References1. Buss DH, Cashell AW, O'Conner ML, Richards F, Case LD. Occurrence, etiology and clinical significance of extreme thrombocytosis: a study of 280 cases. Am J Med. 1994; 96:247-52. Google Scholar2. Frye JL, Thompson DF. Drug-induced thrombocytosis. J Clin Pharm Ther. 1993; 18:45-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThrombocytosisLa thrombocytose au cours des traitements par héparine de bas poids moléculaire : une situation plus fréquente qu'on ne le croit ?La thrombocytose au cours des traitements par héparine de bas poids moléculaire : une situation plus fréquente qu'on ne le croit ?Conduite à tenir devant une thrombocytoseThrombocytosis associated with enoxaparin: A very rare cause in newbornsReactive Thrombocytosis Associated with EnoxaparinLa thrombocytose : un effet secondaire méconnu de l'héparinothérapieThrombocytosis During Antifungal Therapy of CandidemiaUtilisation and Safety of Low Molecular Weight HeparinsLow-Molecular-Weight Heparins and ThrombocytosisLow Molecular Weight HeparinEnoxaparin sodium 15 July 1996Volume 125, Issue 2Page: 157KeywordsBiopsyChemotherapyDrug therapyLiverLow molecular weight heparinPlateletsSplenectomyThrombocytosisThrombosisVitamins Issue Published: 15 July 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Tumor Humors and the Hypercalcemias of Cancer
Authors: Armen H. Tashjian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Hypercalcemia occurs frequently in the presence of a wide variety of neoplasms. In a number of cases the elevated plasma calcium appears to have a humoral etiology. On occasion, it has been shown that the tumor inappropriately produces parathyroid hormone or a parathyroid hormone-like substance.1 In other cases, however, it has not been possible to measure parathyroid hormone either in the patient's plasma or in tumor extracts despite the use of highly sensitive immunologic procedures.2 In such cases, which are not uncommon, other causes for the hypercalcemia must be sought.As knowledge of the endocrine and pharmacologic regulation of calcium . . .
Increased QT Dispersion in Patients With Vasospastic Angina
Authors: Makoto Suzuki, Mitsuhiro Nishizaki, Masataka Arita, Takashi Ashikaga, Noriyoshi Yamawake, Tsunekazu Kakuta, Fujio Numano, Masayasu Hiraoka
Journal: Circulation (1998)

The risk factors for ventricular arrhythmias in patients with coronary vasospasm have not been identified. We evaluated QT dispersion in patients with vasospastic angina and its relation to susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.We assessed the corrected QT (QTc) dispersion before induction of coronary artery spasm by intracoronary injection of acetylcholine (baseline) and 30 minutes after administration of isosorbide dinitrate in 50 patients with vasospastic angina and 50 patients with atypical chest pain. The baseline QTc dispersion was significantly greater in patients with vasospastic angina than in patients with atypical chest pain (mean+/-SD: 69+/-24 versus 44+/-19 ms, 95% confidence interval of mean difference [CI]: 16 to 33 ms; P<0.001). QTc dispersion decreased significantly, to 48+/-15 ms (CI: 15 to 26 ms; P<0.001 versus baseline), after administration of isosorbide dinitrate in patients with vasospastic angina but did not change significantly in patients with atypical chest pain (mean+/-SD: 41+/-17 ms, CI: -3 to 9 ms). During the provocation test, 24 of 50 patients with vasospastic angina experienced ventricular arrhythmias. The baseline QTc dispersion was significantly greater in patients with than without ventricular arrhythmias (mean+/-SD: 77+/-23 versus 61+/-19 ms, CI: 4 to 26 ms; P<0.05).Patients with vasospastic angina exhibited an increased baseline QTc dispersion compared with patients with atypical chest pain, which suggests that inhomogeneity of repolarization and susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias are increased in patients with vasospastic angina, even when asymptomatic. The association between increased QTc dispersion and ventricular arrhythmias during the provocation test suggests that measurement of QT dispersion may help predict which patients with vasospastic angina are at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias during ischemia.
Patterns of urine flow and electrolyte excretion in healthy elderly people.
Authors: J L Kirkland, M Lye, D W Levy, A K Banerjee
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Twenty four young (mean age 29.2 years, range 25-35) and 21 elderly (mean age 66.5, range 60-80) healthy subjects collected their urine in timed aliquots over 24 hours. The elderly subjects had been selected for their fitness by clinical and laboratory examinations and all lived independently at home. Sodium and potassium excretions were reduced in the elderly subjects compared with the young subjects, potassium excretion considerably so. This was despite similar 24 hour urine volumes and total solute excretion by both groups. The ratios of rates of excretion of water, electrolytes, and solutes during the night to the rates of excretion during the day were found to be higher in the elderly than the young subjects. Reduced day to night ratios of urinary excretion may be partly responsible for complaints of nocturia and sleep disturbance in elderly people.
Ian Alfred Horton
Authors: G D P Wallen
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consultant psychiatrist Exeter 1968-87 (b 1928; q St Bartholomew's Hospital, London, 1951; BSc, MRCP, FRCPsych), died on 8 October 2003 following a neurodegenerative disorder.​disorder.




Figure 1




Ian did psychiatric training at the Maudsley Hospital, but found the aggressively challenging intellectual climate at the time uncongenial. Resisting requests to stay, he became a consultant at Stone Hospital, Aylesbury, before moving to Exeter. He became interested in community psychiatry and led a group to Dingleton Hospital, Melrose, the leader in the field in the 1970s. The outcome was the steady establishment of community services in the Exeter district. He leaves his second wife, Annie; four children by his first wife, Brenda; and seven grandchildren.
Where there's smoke . . .
Authors: M. Brauer, G. B. J. Mancini
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Poor air quality is an important contributor to cardiovascular risk

Air pollution has received much attention in the past year. The Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that 3.2 million deaths a year are attributable to particulate matter in outdoor air,1 the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified polluted outdoor air as carcinogenic,2 and we witnessed extreme episodes in Beijing and Shanghai. While effects on respiratory health have long been recognised, it is the impacts on cardiovascular disease3 that are responsible for most of the disease burden attributable to air pollution. Two linked papers provide new insight into the role of air pollution on cardiovascular disease and subsequent impacts on population health.4 5

Perhaps nowhere are the health impacts of outdoor air pollution more acutely felt than in China, where air pollution is the fourth most important risk factor for disease burden6 and is responsible for 1.2 million deaths each year. In one linked paper (doi:10.1136/bmj.f7139), Guo and colleagues applied the well known time series methods to age of death and life table statistics to assess the relation between daily pollution levels in Beijing and years of life lost.4 The results suggest that air pollution has …
Controlled trial of synthetic D-penicillamine and prednisone in maintenance therapy for active chronic hepatitis.
Authors: R B Stern, S P Wilkinson, P J Howorth, R Williams
Journal: Gut (1977)

In view of promising, but uncontrolled, reports of the use of D-penicillamine in active chronic hepatitis, a randomised, prospective, controlled trial of this drug against prednisone was carried out. Of the 35 patients entered, 18 received D-penicillamine (increasing to 1-2 g daily) and 17 prednisone (15 mg daily). In all patients the disease had already been brought under biochemical control with corticosteroids. During the first year of the trial, the treatment of nine patients in the D-penicillamine group was discontinued (two because of lack of disease control and seven because of side-effects) compared with six patients in the prednisone group (four because of lack of disease control, one because of side-effects, and one because of the development of carcinomatosis. Detailed statistical analysis of the liver function tests in the patients remaining in the trial at the end of the year showed no significant differences. D-penicillamine is associated with a higher frequency of side-effects than is prednisone. However, in some patients it is as satisfactory as prednisone in keeping the disease under control.
Acupuncture for Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Edmund Y.M. Chein
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  It was recently reported that in China, acupuncture is a common adjunct in the therapy of psychiatric disorders such as manicdepressive states.1,2The use of acupuncture in the treatment of psychiatric disorders has long been well documented in various acupuncture texts. Investigations into the neurophysiological mechanism of acupuncture therapy have, so far, been very limited.  Over the past several years, L-tryptophan has been found by many investigators to be useful in the treatment of mania and depression. In a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study, Prange et al3recently reported that L-tryptophan was slightly superior to chlorpromazine (Thorazine) hydrochloride in all regards in the treatment of mania. They postulated that mania and depression may be linked by an indoleamine deficit in the central nervous system.  The effect of acupuncture on the level of L-5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in the brain was demonstrated recently by a Chinese research group.4
Calcium Supplementation and Rectal Mucosal Proliferation: a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: J. A. Baron, T. D. Tosteson, M. J. Wargovich, R. Sandler, J. Mandel, J. Bond, R. Haile, R. Summers, R. v. Stolk, R. Rothstein, J. Weiss
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Data from studies using rodents suggest that dietary calcium inhibits bile acid-induced mucosal damage and experimental carcinogenesis in the large bowel. However, in humans, the effect of dietary calcium and calcium supplementation on proliferation and carcinogenesis in the large bowel has been unclear.To assess the effect of calcium supplementation on rectal mucosal proliferation in humans, we conducted a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial.Participants were part of a larger multicenter chemoprevention trial; all were at high risk for large-bowel neoplasia, with at least one large-bowel adenoma removed endoscopically within the 3 months before study entry but with no known polyps remaining. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive daily either 3000 mg of calcium carbonate (providing 1200 mg elemental calcium) or an identical-appearing placebo tablet. During a scheduled endoscopy 6-9 months after random assignment (approximately 1 year after the qualifying endoscopy), rectal mucosal samples were obtained from 333 patients (173 assigned to calcium and 160 assigned to placebo). Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) labeling indices (LIs) were computed as the measure of proliferation in specimens from 146 patients receiving calcium and 129 patients receiving placebo. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) labeling was used to measure proliferation in a smaller number of specimens (27 calcium-receiving and 31 placebo-receiving participants). For each scorable crypt having at least one labeled cell (or surrounded by crypts with at least one labeled cell), a crypt LI was calculated as the number of labeled cells divided by the total number of crypt cells. Crypt LIs were averaged to produce a participant's average LI.The overall unadjusted mean PCNA LIs (+/- SE) were similar in the calcium and placebo groups (3.85% +/- 0.08% versus 3.92% +/- 0.08%, respectively, P = .30). The overall unadjusted mean BrdU LIs (+/- SE) were 3.88% +/- 0.30% in the calcium group and 3.54% +/- 0.21% in the placebo group (P = .54). PCNA labeling indices in the most luminal 40% of the crypt were small but, if anything, were higher in the calcium group. There was no patient subgroup within which calcium had an antiproliferative effect; the overall findings persisted among patients with high and low calcium intake, high and low fat intake, and high and low fiber intake.Calcium supplementation does not decrease rectal mucosal proliferation, as measured by PCNA (and BrdU) immunohistochemistry, in patients with previous large-bowel adenomas. This study, therefore, does not provide evidence for an anticarcinogenic effect of calcium.
569 ENDOCANNABINOIDS AND CIRRHOSIS: HAVE WE PICKED THE RIGHT ONE?
Authors: V. Bevilacqua, F. Fanelli, B. Benazzi, F. Giannone, M. Baldassarre, M. Mastroroberto, M. Domenicali, P. Caraceni, M. Bernardi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
ABC of poisoning. Cardiac drugs.
Authors: J Henry, G Volans
Journal: BMJ (1984)

CARDIAC DRUGSAcute poisoning with cardiac drugs is uncommon, but these drugs all have a narrow toxic to therapeutic ratio and are among the most hazardous drugs in common use.All cases of suspected poisoning with cardiac drugs must be treated seriously: full intensive care facilities may be needed.Poisoning may originate from deliberate, accidental, or even iatrogenic causes and the presence or absence of underlying heart disease may greatly influence the clinical problems.Elderly patients are also at particular risk ofcardiac drug toxicity.Symptoms * Hypc*ension * Arrhythmias WIn general poisoning with cardioactive drugs will produce hypotension * and all types ofarrhythmias.Extracardiac effects include gastrointestinal * Gastrointestinal symptoms, such as symptoms, especially nausea and vomiting, and central nervous system nausea and vomiting effects with irritability, convulsions, and loss ofconsciousness.* Irritability ,convulsions, and loss of consciousness Management / = = =1Once poisoning is suspected even asymptomatic patients must be admitted for observation.In the symptomatic patient support for cardiac -SupportiveX and pulmonary function is essential.The minimum duration ofobservation 1062
UK firms sign up to display calories on menus
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Several UK high street food, pub, and sandwich chains will begin to display the calorie content of their food by the summer after a campaign by a food watchdog to try to provide more healthy options for consumers who eat out.

The Food Standards Agency is negotiating with the largest catering companies about the introduction of the voluntary calorie labelling scheme to make it easier for customers to choose healthier foods.

About six catering firms have signed up to the plan and are preparing to display calorie information on their food; another …