tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4398: Liver is a major primary target for the Toll-like receptor-5 agonist CBLB502 providing radioprotective, antimicrobial and antitumor responses
Authors: Lyudmila Burdelya, Katerina Leonova, Ilya Gitlin, Bojidar Kojouharov, Semra Aygun-Sunar, Jean Veith, Christopher Johnson, Anatoli Gleiberman, Gary Haderski, Shyam Allamaneni, Joseph Skitzki, Patricia Stanhope-Baker, Dmitry Scheblyakov, Denis Logunov, Boris Narodisky, Andrei Gudkov
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We have previously shown that activation of Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) by bacterial flagellin and by pharmacologically optimized flagellin derivative CBLB502 protects mice and monkeys from lethal radiation injury to the hematopoietic and gastrointestinal systems. Here, we report that the liver is a major primary CBLB502 target organ in mice, with hepatocytes specifically showing rapid and strong NF-kB and STAT3 activation. Livers from CBLB502-treated mice showed up-regulation of numerous downstream genes encoding intracellular and secreted proteins with anti-apoptotic, anti-microbial and immunomodulatory activities. Unlike the TLR4 agonist LPS, the liver response to TLR5 agonists appears to be direct and does not involve high levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Thus, while LPS is toxic, TLR5 agonists have strong clinical potential. The importance of liver for CBLB502 radioprotective activity was confirmed by temporary occlusion of liver blood circulation which completely abrogated the protective effect of CBLB502 on hematopoietic precursor cells in irradiated mice. CBLB502 also protected liver tissue itself, increasing mouse resistance to lethal Salmonella tiphymurium liver infection and to hepatotoxic Fas agonistic antibodies. By testing CBLB502 in combination with radiation treatment of experimental mouse tumors in vivo, we demonstrated that its tissue protection properties are limited to normal tissues with no tumor protection detected in any of numerous mouse tumor models. Moreover, direct antitumor effects of CBLB502 treatment was observed in several tumor models. Comparison of the effect of CBLB502 on in vivo growth of isogenic pairs of tumor cell lines differing in their TLR5 status showed that the antitumor effect of the TLR5 agonist is TLR5 dependent and is associated with tumor infiltration by immunocytes, presumably attracted following activation of TLR5 signaling in the tumor cells. Remarkably, CBLB502 caused an immunotherapeutic effect in TLR5-negative tumors (CT26 colon adenocarcinoma and A20 lymphoma) growing as experimental liver metastases. Based on these results, we project clinical applications of CBLB502 as an anticancer immunotherapeutic drug against liver metastases independently on TLR5 status and TLR5-expressing tumors in other locations as well as supporting care drug to reduce adverse hepatotoxicity from radiation and chemotherapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4398. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4398
Public Health Emergencies and Legal Standards of Care
Authors: Dhrubajyoti Bhattacharya
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
False beliefs and naive beliefs: They can be good for you
Authors: Marco Bertamini, Roberto Casati
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Naive physics beliefs can be systematically mistaken. They provide a useful test-bed because they are common, and also because their existence must rely on some adaptive advantage, within a given context. In the second part of the commentary we also ask questions about when a whole family of misbeliefs should be considered together as a single phenomenon.
EMBRYOMA OF THE KIDNEY (WILMS' TUMOR)
Authors: WILLIAM E. LADD
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Embryoma of the kidney has been classified under various titles according to the predominant cell found at microscopic examination. For this reason it is important to define clearly what is meant by this term. We consider embryoma of the kidney as a highly malignant tumor peculiar to infancy and early childhood. It originates in the kidney and is of probable congenital origin. The tumor grows rapidly at times and assumes enormous proportions. Metastasis takes place by direct extension through its capsule, by the regional lymphatics or by the blood stream to the lung or brain. On gross appearance the tumor is a large encapsulated, grayish white mass encroaching on some portion of the kidney and destroying a greater or lesser part of it by pressure. The remaining portion of the kidney is divided from the tumor by a connective tissue capsule, but it cannot be dissected free from it. Occasionally,
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreaticojejunostomy with a forward-viewing echoendoscope as a treatment for stenotic pancreaticojejunal anastomosis
Authors: So Nakaji, Nobuto Hirata, Toshiyasu Shiratori, Masayoshi Kobayashi, Kenji Yamauchi
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 59-year-old man presented with repeated episodes of pancreatitis. His medical history included a Whipple resection for gastric carcinoma at the age of 54. A computed tomography scan showed a sac-like enlargement of the main pancreatic duct, which had obviously developed over a period of time ([Fig. 1]).
Infantile systemic hyalinosis: Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Lisa E. Lindvall, Tanya Kormeili, Elaine Chen, Maria Celeste M. Ramirez, Valerie Grum-Tokars, Marc J. Glucksman, John A. Martignetti, Michael V. Zaragoza, Senait W. Dyson
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)
What's the (end) point?
Authors: Mark-Jan Ploegstra, Rolf M.F. Berger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

We thank C.E. Ventetuolo and S.M. Kawut for their interest in our study and for calling attention to the important issue of the validation of surrogate end points and treatment targets in the field of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) [1]. We sincerely agree with the author's words of caution that "a correlate does not a surrogate make" [2], and that none of the currently proposed clinical endpoints in PAH has yet been established as the ideal true surrogate for clinical disease outcome. Potential treatment targets should not be rejected in the search for surrogate end points in paediatric PAH <http://ow.ly/EYF6A>
17 RENAL FAILURE IN CIRRHOSIS: PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF THE AETIOLOGY OF RENAL FAILURE. A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF 562 PATIENTS
Authors: M. Martin Llahí, M. Guevara, C. Fagundes, A. Torre, M. Marinelli, T. Restuccia, G. Pereira, M. Pavesi, E. Sola, V. Arroyo, P. Ginès
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
UK cancer death rates are predicted to fall 17% by 2030
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Overall cancer death rates in the United Kingdom are predicted to fall by 17% by 2030, show new figures released by Cancer Research UK.1

The figures, after adjustment for age, show that 170 people in every 100 000 died from any cancer in 2010, but this is predicted to drop to 142 in every 100 000 by 2030. This is largely due to earlier diagnosis and improved treatments but is also partly due to a reduction in smoking related cancers.

The …
THE TURKISH BATH IN MENTAL DISORDERS.
Authors: L. FORBES WINSLOW
Journal: JAMA (1896)

The treatment of disease at the present day is not based on "guesses" or "surmises" whatever might have been the case many years ago. This is the language of the empiric, not that of the man of science. There are intelligent men in our profession at the present time, who are now able to diagnose with extraordinary accuracy the pathologic changes going on in the brain, so wonderful has this knowledge become that it is not to be wondered at that we should gradually, but surely progress in the investigation of the treatment of those complaints. We learn from our experience that by opening the flood-gates of the skin from time to time, and submitting ourselves to the manipulation of the shampooer, in the oriental fashion, we may attain unblemished health under certain circumstances, both in mental and bodily complaints. During a long experience in diseases of the brain and
Part 3: Temporal Arteritis
Authors: Burton A. Sandok
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Temporal arteritis is occasionally regarded as a rare, self-limited, and at times benign disorder of uncertain cause, involving primarily cranial vasculature, in which headache is but one of many manifestations. However, the real concern is that temporal arteritis causes permanent visual loss in 25% to 50% of patients and, in contrast to other more frequently encountered headache problems, is very responsive to treatment. Although the first clinical case of this disorder was described by Jonathan Hutchinson<sup>1</sup>in 1890, the syndrome was not fully defined in terms of its clinical and histologic features until 1932 in a report by Horton et al.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Incidence</h3> The true incidence of this disorder is not known, but a recent epidemiologic study reported an average annual incidence rate of 13.0/100,000 population, with women predominating four to one.<sup>3</sup>It is likely that the disease can manifest itself in a range of symptoms of different
Pathogenesis of lung cancer signalling pathways: roadmap for therapies
Authors: E. Brambilla, A. Gazdar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2009)

Lung cancer is the major cancer killer worldwide, and 5-yr survival is extremely poor (<or=15%), accentuating the need for more effective therapeutic strategies. Significant advances in lung cancer biology may lead to customised therapy based on targeting specific genes and pathways. The main signalling pathways that could provide roadmaps for therapy include the following: growth promoting pathways (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor/Ras/PhosphatidylInositol 3-Kinase), growth inhibitory pathways (p53/Rb/P14(ARF), STK11), apoptotic pathways (Bcl-2/Bax/Fas/FasL), DNA repair and immortalisation genes. Epigenetic changes in lung cancer contribute strongly to cell transformation by modifying chromatin structures and the specific expression of genes; these include DNA methylation, histone and chromatin protein modification, and micro-RNA, all of which are responsible for the silencing of tumour suppressor genes while enhancing expression of oncogenes. The genetic and epigenetic pathways involved in lung tumorigenesis differ between smokers and nonsmokers, and are tools for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, clinical follow-up and targeted therapies.
Asthmatic patients exhibit different gene expression profiles, depending on their sensitivity to glucocorticoids
Authors: Hildur Helgadóttir, Unnur Steina Bjornsdottir, Eva Halapi, Asta Solilja Gudmundsdottir, Thor Arnason, Illugi Birkisson, Asdis Alva Adalsteinsdottir, Sigurdur Ingvarsson, Margret Andresdottir, David Gislason
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
Hospital Evacuation Decisions in Emergency Situations—Reply
Authors: Dan Hanfling, Tia Powell, Lawrence O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
ABC of antithrombotic therapy: Venous thromboembolism: pathophysiology, clinical features, and prevention
Authors: A. G G Turpie
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Venous thromboembolism is a common complication among hospital inpatients and contributes to longer hospital stays, morbidity, and mortality. Some venous thromboembolisms may be subclinical, whereas others present as sudden pulmonary embolus or symptomatic deep vein thrombosis. Ultrasonic Doppler and venographic techniques have shown deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb to occur in half of all major lower limb orthopaedic operations performed without antithrombotic prophylaxis. Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb is also seen in a quarter of patients with acute myocardial infarction, and more than half of patients with acute ischaemic stroke.

Deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb normally starts in the calf veins. About 10-20% of thromboses extend proximally, and a further 1-5% go on to develop fatal pulmonary embolism. Appropriate antithrombotic measures can reduce this complication. Until recently, some clinicians were reluctant to provide such prophylaxis routinely. As unfounded fears of major bleeding complications from anticoagulant regimens wane, preventive treatments are used more often with medical and surgical patients. However, the risk of bleeding can be serious and this has particular bearing in postoperative patients.

Venous thromboembolism can also arise spontaneously in ambulant individuals particularly if they have associated risk factors such as thrombophilia, previous thrombosis, or cancer. However, in over half of these patients, no specific predisposing factors can be identified at presentation.

Venous thromboembolism often manifests clinically as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, and is possibly one of the preventable complications that occur in hospitalised patients

Thrombus formation and propagation depend on the presence of abnormalities of blood flow, blood vessel wall, and blood clotting components, known collectively as Virchow's triad. Abnormalities of blood flow or venous stasis normally occur after prolonged immobility or confinement to bed. Venous obstruction can arise from …
Hepatitis B Virus and Essential Mixed Cryoglobulinemia
Authors: YORAM LEVO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 February 1981Hepatitis B Virus and Essential Mixed CryoglobulinemiaYORAM LEVO, M.D.YORAM LEVO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-94-2-282_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The relation between hepatitis B virus (HBV) and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia is controversial. We have found evidence of prior exposure to HBV in 74% of the examined patients (1), whereas Popp and colleagues (2) found such evidence in only one of their 12 patients. In the August issue Dienstag and associates (3) suggested that a sampling bias may have accounted for this discrepancy. I believe that their assumption is correct and that their series did not reflect "typical" patients with essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Their group not only had an unusual sex ratio of females to males of...References1. LEVOGOREVICKASSABZUCKER-FRANKLINFRANKLIN YPHDE. Association between hepatitis B virus and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. N Engl J Med. 1977;296:1501-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. POPPDIENSTAGWANDSBLOCK JJJK. Essential mixed cryoglobulinemia without evidence for hepatitis B virus infection. Ann Intern Med. 1980;92:379-83. LinkGoogle Scholar3. DIENSTAGBLOCH JK. Hepatitis B infection and mixed cryoglobulinemia. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:377. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar4. GOREVICKASSABLEVO PHY. Mixed cryoglobulinemia: clinical aspects and long-term follow-up of 40 patients. Am J Med. 1980;69:287-308. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. GALLICAREDDUD'ARMINOMONTIMESSINAINVERNIZZI MFAGKF. Hepatitis B virus and essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Lancet. 1980;1:1093. Letter. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. REALDIALBERTIRIGOLITREMOLADA GAAF. Immune complexes and Australian antigen in cryoglobulinemic sera. Z Immunitaetsforsch Immunobiol. 1974;147:114-26. MedlineGoogle Scholar7. BOMBARDIERIPAOLETTIFERRIDI MUNNOFORNAIGIUNTINI SPCOEC. Lung involvement in essential mixed cryoglobulinemia. Am J Med. 1979;66:748-56. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe complement systemOverview of Laboratory Testing and Clinical Presentations of Complement Deficiencies and DysregulationLaboratory testing requirements for diagnosis and follow-up of multiple myeloma and related plasma cell dyscrasiasSafety and efficacy of rituximab treatment for vasculitis in hepatitis B virus-associated type II cryoglobulinemia: a case reportHepatitis B Virus and CryoglobulinemiaMASSIMO GALLI, M.D., FULVIO INVERNIZZI, M.D. 1 February 1981Volume 94, Issue 2Page: 282-282KeywordsHepatitis B virus ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Relation of Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio to GRACE Risk Score to In-hospital Cardiac Events in Patients with ST-Elevated Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ramazan Can Öncel, Mustafa Uçar, Mustafa Serkan Karakaş, Barış Akdemir, Atakan Yanıkoğlu, Ali Rıza Gülcan, Refik Emre Altekin, İbrahim Demir
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
292Endothelial cell forward migration in a disturbed wall shear stress environment is promoted by ROCK inhibition
Authors: S Hsiao, FJ Tovar-Lopez, J Gunn, T Spencer, I Halliday, C Perrault, PC Evans
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Purpose: Stent deployment to treat coronary artery disease causes damage and loss of endothelial cells (EC). Repair of injured arteries by EC migration is co-ordinated by Rho family GTPases. It is also regulated by wall shear stress (WSS), a mechanical force exerted by flowing blood on the vessel wall, via mechanisms that are poorly understood. It was hypothesised that stent struts may impede repair of injured endothelium by inducing localised disturbances in WSS. Methods: To simulate a stented artery in vitro, chamber slides were fabricated with ridges (100 μm high) positioned perpendicularly to the flow direction. Confluent EC monolayers seeded on one side of either ridged or non-ridged (control) chambers were exposed to flowing culture medium (Ibidi® system). Flow patterns were determined by computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling and particle velocimetry. Live cell imaging and analysis using ImageJ® software enabled quantitation of EC migration velocity and directional persistence (DP). Results: CFD modelling and live cell imaging indicated that EC on the non-ridged chamber slide were exposed to a uniform WSS of 13 dyn/cm2 and migrated relatively uniformly in parallel with the flow direction (average velocity 1.13±0.20 μm/min; DP 0.59±0.14). By contrast, significant spatial differences in WSS were observed over the ridged slide in CFD, with significant spikes above physiological levels (>70 dyn/cm2) at the corners of the ridges and distinctive flow recirculation zone immediately upstream/ downstream from the ridge (-4 dyn/cm2). These features were verified by particle velocimetry using fluorescently labelled polystyrene beads (2 μm diameter). Time-lapse imaging further revealed interrupted EC migration at the ridges. Specifically, although EC could migrate over the ridges, those that reached the recirculation zone downstream from the ridge migrated with non-uniform directionality (DP 0.25±0.06) and displayed a reduction in velocity (0.78±0.18 μm/min). Inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK signalling pathway with ROCK inhibitors (Y27632 or HA1077) promoted EC forward migration within the recirculation zone by significantly elevating DP (0.41±0.04, p=0.01) and velocity (1.16±0.09 μm/min, p=0.01). Conclusions: Disturbed WSS downstream from stent strut-like ridges prevented the forward migration of EC. Inhibition of the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway promoted EC migration and re-population of these sites. Our data suggest that treatment using a ROCK inhibitor may promote re-endothelialisation of stented arteries; a concept that is currently been tested using a porcine model.
Periorificial Dermatitis and Erosive Inguinal Plaques in a 57-Year-Old Woman—Quiz Case
Authors: Jason P. Lott, Jennifer Reeve, Christine Ko, Michael Girardi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
A role for multidrug resistance protein 4 (MRP4; ABCC4) in human dendritic cell migration
Authors: Rieneke van de Ven, George L. Scheffer, Anneke W. Reurs, Jelle J. Lindenberg, Ruud Oerlemans, Gerrit Jansen, Jean-Pierre Gillet, Joel N. Glasgow, Alexander Pereboev, David T. Curiel, Rik J. Scheper, Tanja D. de Gruijl
Journal: Blood (2008)