tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Strongly Reflects Diastolic Wall Stress in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Yoshitaka Iwanaga, Isao Nishi, Shinichi Furuichi, Teruo Noguchi, Kazuhiro Sase, Yasuki Kihara, Yoichi Goto, Hiroshi Nonogi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Abstract 3167: Serum Activin A Level Is Associated With Infarct Size In Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Who Undergo Successful Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Toru Miyoshi, Satoshi Hirohata, Tadahisa Uesugi, Minoru Hirota, Hiromichi Ohnishi, Kunio Nogami, Shozo Kusachi, Tohru Ohe
Journal: Circulation (2007)

PURPOSE: Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta cytokine family, has been suggested to play a role in inflammation and have pleiotropic functions. We examined the alteration of serum activin A level in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who received successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) within 12 hours, and investigated whether serum activin A was associated with infarct size. METHODS: We examined 26 patients with STEMI, 20 consecutive stable angina pectoris (AP) patients and 20 normal subjects. In STEMI patients, blood samples were collected before PCI (day0) and days 1, 2, 7 and 14. Serum activin A level was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay. Change of activin A between day 2 and day0 (delta 2d) was also examined. The serum levels of activin A were compared with infarct size, as indicated with peak CK. RESULTS: Patients with STEMI demonstrated significantly higher serum activin A level (before PCI) than control subjects and patients with AP (316±112, 369±153 and 569±272 pg/ml, p&lt;0.001 and p=0.007, respectively). The activin A level was significantly elevated and peaked on day 0 and reduced on days 2, and then gradually increased until days 14. Log-transformed peak CK was significantly correlated with serum activin A level on day0 (r=0.55, p=0.004) and delta 2d (r=0.58, p=0.023). In stepwise analysis, serum activin A level (beta=0.37, p=0.022) as well as age, culprit lesion (LAD) and smoking was an independent predictor of peak CK. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that serum activin A level was elevated in STEMI and it may be associated with infarct size in STEMI patients.
Factors associated with risk for HIV infection among chronic mentally ill adults
Authors: S C Kalichman, J A Kelly, J R Johnson, M Bulto
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Chronic mentally ill adults have been found to be at risk for HIV infection. The authors investigated the prevalence of HIV risk behaviors among psychiatric outpatients. Correlates of HIV risk factors and characteristics of patient relationships in which risk occurred were investigated.Structured interviews were conducted with 95 chronic mentally ill adults from urban community support service programs. The interviews focused on sexual and substance use behavior, history of HIV risk behaviors, and relationship characteristics related to risk.The study showed that 27% of all patients had had two or more sex partners in the previous year and 18% had received money or drugs for sex. High rates of illicit drug use were also found, with frequent use of drugs or alcohol in association with sexual activity. Multiple regression analyses showed that use of illicit drugs, meeting sex partners in psychiatric clinics, and meeting partners in bars accounted for a substantial proportion of the variance in HIV risk behavior.These results suggest an urgent need for HIV prevention programs targeted at urban chronic mentally ill adults. Risk-producing characteristics of patient relationships and social networks should be addressed in the development of prevention interventions.
Validating structured DSM-III-R personality disorder assessments with longitudinal data
Authors: A E Skodol, L Rosnick, D Kellman, J M Oldham, S E Hyler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors observed 20 patients over time for mal-adaptive personality traits during hospitalization and made longitudinal diagnoses to validate Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID) assessments of personality disorders. The SCID assessments identified certain personality disorders better than others.
Abstract 12250: Physical and Psychological Symptom Profiles Predict Poor Quality-of-Life in Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Christopher S Lee, Jennifer Green, Anne G Rosenfeld, Antony Y Kim
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Many adults with heart failure (HF) have refractory symptoms. We hypothesized that symptom profiling would identify advanced HF patients at greater risk for poor quality-of-life (QOL)...
Abstract 16261: PPAR-Gamma Agonist-Induced Telomerase Activation in Endothelial Cells and Endothelial Progenitor Cells is Mediated by the Survival Kinase Akt
Authors: Christian Werner, Constantinos Bakogiannis, Michael Böhm, Ulrich Laufs
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: In addition to their action as insulin sensitizers PPAR-γ agonists (thiazolidinediones, TZDs) such as pioglitazone mediate glucose-independent vascular effects. Telomerase and telomer...
Acromegaly
Authors: Shlomo Melmed
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Pituitary tumors account for about 15% of primary intracranial neoplasms. Proliferation of pituitary cells, which secrete hormones, may result in a spectrum of endocrine symptoms. Tumors that originate from pituitary somatotroph cells lead to aberrant secretion of growth hormone and the distinctive features of acromegaly. This review discusses advances in the understanding and treatment of acromegaly.
More women than men use smoking cessation services
Authors: Annabel Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2001)

More than 32 000 men and women attended England's new smoking cessation services in the middle two quarters of last year—and about 13 000 reported that they had successfully quit smoking at a four week follow up date.

The services, which were set up after the government's white paper Smoking Kills , published in 1998, offer free nicotine replacement therapy to anyone entitled to free prescriptions.

More women …
Abstract 4404: Variation in the 4q25 Chromosomal Locus Predicts New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Simon C Body, Charles D Collard, Stanton K Shernan, Amanda A Fox, Kuang-Yu Liu, Marylyn D Ritchie, Tjorvi E Perry, Jochen D Muehlschlegel, Sary Aranki, Christine E Seidman, Jonathan G Seidman, Brian S Donahue, Daniel Hermann, Peter Lichtner, Thomas Meitinger, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Juan-Carlos Estrada, Mias Pretorius, Patrick T Ellinor, Christopher Newton-Cheh, Nancy J Brown, Dan M Roden, Dawood Darbar
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common adverse event following cardiac surgery. A recent genome wide association study identified SNPs associated with AF on chromosome 4q25 adjacent to PITX2, a cardiac transcription factor. However, the role of these genetic variants in post-CABG AF remains unknown. We used clinical and genomic data from 3 major cardiovascular surgical programs to determine the role of 4q25 variants in new-onset postoperative AF. We conducted a prospective observational study of 1,551 consecutive patients undergoing CABG surgery within 3 US centers. Haplotype tagging SNPs encompassing ~300kbp of PITX2 genic region were genotyped. In a discovery cohort of 566 patients, the previously identified SNPs associated with clinical and genomic multivariate predictors of postoperative AF were identified and then assessed in a validation cohort of 985 patients. In the discovery and replication cohorts, 31.4% and 30.0% of patients developed postoperative AF, respectively. A multivariable logistic model of the occurrence of postoperative AF confirmed older age and prior AF to be risk factors for the development of AF. 4q25 SNPs previously associated with ambulatory AF, and other SNPs in linkage disequilibrium described a haplotype that was significantly associated with new-onset postoperative AF. Odds ratio for the associated SNPs ranged between 1.50 and 1.87 (P&lt;10 – 6) in the validation cohort, after accounting for clinical covariates. No SNP within 90kbp of the PITX2 coding region was associated with AF. We have shown in discovery and validation cohorts that non-coding 4q25 SNPs associated with ambulatory AF are also strongly associated with postoperative AF.
Abstract 18625: Preemptive Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Pediatric Cardiac Patients Requiring Extracorporeal Support is Associated with Increased Mortality
Authors: Michael J Wolf, Nikhil K Chanani, Micheal L Heard, William T Mahle
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common co-morbidity for children placed on ECMO because of primary cardiac disease; AKI can impact both length of ECMO support and adversely affect clinical outcomes. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration (CVVH) is thought to optimize fluid status and lessen inflammatory response during pediatric ECMO support, leading some centers to use it as a standard adjunct to ECMO support. However, published data are derived primarily from the children without primary cardiac disease. Therefore, we reviewed our experience for pediatric cardiac patients receiving CVVH while on ECMO support. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta CICU ECMO database from 2002-2011 was performed. In order to limit the bias that CVVH would be instituted only after evidence of end-organ injury, we considered “pre-emptive CVVH” to be CVVH instituted with 48 hours of ECMO initiation. Multivariate logistic regression was undertaken to adjust for covariates. Results: Of 153 total cardiac ECMO patients, 59 (39%) received CVVH at the discretion of the attending physician. The time from ECMO initiation to CVVH initiation was 1.7 ± 2.9 days (median 1 day). Pre- and post-ECMO serum creatinine levels were similar between patients on ECMO who received CVVH with those that did not receive CVVH. However, peak serum creatinine was 1.1 ± 0.4 mg/dL (median 1.0 mg/dL) in the CVVH group and 0.9 ± 0.4 mg/dL (median 0.8 mg/dL) in the non CVVH group (p=0.003). Patients on ECMO who received CVVH had a higher mortality (p&lt;0.0001), were less likely to have had ECPR (p=0.004), and had a longer duration on ECMO (p&lt;0.0001). In multivariate analysis subjects receiving CVVH support within 48 hours of ECMO cannulation were three times more likely to die during their hospitalization (OR 3.02; 95% CI 1.32-6.9, p=0.009) even after adjusting for other risk factors such as ECPR, indication (post-operative support), and pre-ECMO serum creatinine. Conclusion: Preemptive CVVH support in pediatric cardiac patients requiring ECMO support is associated with increased in-hospital mortality. A strategy of pre-emptive CVVH in the cardiac ECMO population does not appear justified.
Abstract P134: Total Liquid Ventilation Induced Ultrafast Cardioprotective Hypothermia during Prolonged Myocardial Ischemia in Rabbits
Authors: Renaud Tissier, Fanny Lidouren, Mourad Chenoune, Nicolas Couvreur, Bijan Ghaleh, Alain Bizé, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé, Alain Berdeaux
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: Total liquid ventilation with temperature-controlled perfluorocarbons induces an ultra-fast cardioprotective cooling when instituted during a 30-min coronary artery occlusion (CAO) in rabbits. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that ultra-fast hypothermia instituted with a short total liquid ventilation episode would be still beneficial after a prolonged CAO as compared to conventional low rate surface cooling. Methods: Anesthetized rabbits underwent a 60-min CAO followed by 4 hours of reperfusion before infarct size and no reflow evaluations. Rabbits randomly underwent either a normothermic CAO (Control group, n=7) or cooling from 5th min of CAO to the end of CAO (target left atrial temperature: 32°C). Cooling procedures were either low rate surface cooling (LRC) using ice-filled cold blankets (LRC group, n=7) or ultra-fast cooling (UFC) initiated by 20 min of hypothermic total liquid ventilation and maintained if necessary by cold blankets (UFC group, n=6). An additional group underwent a similar ultra-fast cooling protocol started at the 20th min of CAO (UFC-delayed group, n=6). After reperfusion, all hypothermic animals were rewarmed. Results: Left atrial temperature was similar in all groups at baseline (Table ). Hypothermia was modest in LRC vs UFC and UFC-delayed groups at 30-min CAO but reached similar level at the end of ischemia (i.e., 60-min CAO). Interestingly, no reflow and infarct sizes were only significantly reduced in UFC and UFC-delayed but not in LRC groups as compared to Control. Infarct size reduction was significantly better predicted by the integrated decrease in left atrial temperature throughout ischemia than by the temperature at the end of ischemia. Conclusion: Ultra-fast cooling induced by total liquid ventilation afforded cardioprotection against prolonged ischemia in rabbits, even when instituted later than a low rate surface cooling. Left atrial temperature (LAT) at different times of the protocol and infarct and no reflow sizes
Exercise Capacity and Mortality in Patients With Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction Randomized to Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery or Medical Therapy
Authors: Ralph A.H. Stewart, Dominika Szalewska, Lilin She, Kerry L. Lee, Mark H. Drazner, Barbara Lubiszewska, Dragana Kosevic, Permyos Ruengsakulrach, José C. Nicolau, Benoit Coutu, Shiv K. Choudhary, Daniel B. Mark, John G.F. Cleland, Ileana L. Piña, Eric J. Velazquez, Andrzej Rynkiewicz, Harvey White
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)

The objective of this study was to assess the prognostic significance of exercise capacity in patients with ischemic left ventricular (LV) dysfunction eligible for coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG).Poor exercise capacity is associated with mortality, but it is not known how this influences the benefits and risks of CABG compared with medical therapy.In an exploratory analysis, physical activity was assessed by questionnaire and 6-min walk test in 1,212 patients before randomization to CABG (n = 610) or medical management (n = 602) in the STICH (Surgical Treatment for Ischemic Heart Failure) trial. Mortality (n = 462) was compared by treatment allocation during 56 months (interquartile range: 48 to 68 months) of follow-up for subjects able (n = 682) and unable (n = 530) to walk 300 m in 6 min and with less (Physical Ability Score [PAS] >55, n = 749) and more (PAS ≤55, n = 433) limitation by dyspnea or fatigue.Compared with medical therapy, mortality was lower for patients randomized to CABG who walked ≥300 m (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.77; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59 to 0.99; p = 0.038) and those with a PAS >55 (HR: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.62 to 1.01; p = 0.061). Patients unable to walk 300 m or with a PAS ≤55 had higher mortality during the first 60 days with CABG (HR: 3.24; 95% CI: 1.64 to 6.83; p = 0.002) and no significant benefit from CABG during total follow-up (HR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.75 to 1.19; p = 0.626; interaction p = 0.167).These observations suggest that patients with ischemic left ventricular dysfunction and poor exercise capacity have increased early risk and similar 5-year mortality with CABG compared with medical therapy, whereas those with better exercise capacity have improved survival with CABG. (Comparison of Surgical and Medical Treatment for Congestive Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Disease [STICH]; NCT00023595).
Abstract 16811: Lack of Palpitation on Presentation with Atrial Fibrillation, a Novel Predictor of Poor Outcome
Authors: Amar M Salam, Hajar AlBinali, Abdul Wahid Al-Mulla, Rajvir Singh, Jassim Al Suwaidi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objectives: It is well recognized that patients differ in the presentation symptoms that accompany atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether different symptom presentations can affect the outcome is not kn...
A controlled study of light therapy for bulimia nervosa
Authors: R W Lam, E M Goldner, L Solyom, R A Remick
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Winter worsening of mood and eating symptoms, similar to that of seasonal affective disorder, has recently been reported in patients with bulimia nervosa. To assess the effectiveness of light therapy for treatment of bulimia nervosa, the authors conducted a study of light therapy during winter comparing an active (bright white light) condition to a control (dim red light) condition in bulimic patients who were not selected for a seasonal pattern of bulimia.After a 2-week baseline assessment, 17 female patients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of bulimia nervosa underwent early morning light treatment with 2 weeks of bright white light exposure (10,000 lux for 30 min/day) and 2 weeks of dim red light exposure (500 lux for 30 min/day) in a counterbalanced, crossover design. Outcome measures included daily binge/purge diaries, objective and subjective measures of mood, and the Eating Attitudes Test. Expectation of response for each condition was also assessed before treatment.Although pretreatment expectation ratings were similar for each condition, the bright white light condition was superior to the dim red light condition for all mood and eating outcome measures. Patients with "seasonal" bulimia (N = 7) had significantly greater improvement after the bright white light treatment than patients with nonseasonal bulimia (N = 10). No significant order effects were noted, nor differential effects for patients taking concurrent antidepressant medications (N = 4).These data suggest that bright white light therapy is an effective short-term treatment for both mood and eating disturbances associated with bulimia nervosa, although the therapeutic effect may be greater in those patients with a seasonal pattern.
R-ESHAP as salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: A prospective phase II study.
Authors: K. Xue, B. Y. Wang, X. Hong, Y. Guo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

e18549 Background: Patients with refractory or relapsed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) are usually managed by salvage chemotherapy. However, standard regimen remains uncertain. Moreover, the benefit of adding rituximab is not well established. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and the safety of R-ESHAP (rituximab, etoposide, methylprednisolone, cytarabine and cisplatin) as salvage therapy in patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. Methods: Patients received at least 2 cycles of R-ESHAP. For patients with chemo-sensitive disease after R-ESHAP, high dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) were recommended. Results: A total of 31 patients were enrolled. Eight patients (26%) were diagnosed with refractory disease which was defined as lack of complete response on previous chemotherapy. All patients received CHOP regimen as their initial chemotherapy and 8 patients had rituximab combination. The median cycle of R-ESHAP salvage chemotherapy was four. Thirty patients responded to chemotherapy with an overall response rate of 96.8%. The complete and partial response rates were 58.1% and 38.7%, respectively. Hematological toxicity was common, but manageable. Grade 3/4 neutropenia occurred in 68% of the patients and 10 patients (32%) developed neutropenic fever. Twelve patients (39%) had grade 3/4 of thrombocytopenia and anemia. With a median follow-up of 25.8 months, the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates at 2 years were 70% and 49%, respectively. Patients with refractory disease had a significantly poorer 2-year PFS rate compared with those with relapsed disease (25% vs. 58%, P = 0.02). Patients with B symptoms had an adverse impact on both PFS (43% vs. 55%, P = 0.03) and OS (36% vs. 78%, P = 0.02). None of patients treated with ASCT died and had an insignificant higher 2-year OS rate compared with those without ASCT (100% vs. 65%, P = 0.16). Conclusions: Our study showed R-ESHAP was an effective salvage chemotherapy regimen with tolerable toxicities in patients with relapsed or refractory DLBCL. The prognosis for patients with refractory disease and B symptoms was poor and the treatment in this cohort needs to be optimized.
Abstract 14932: Improved Outcome Prediction by SPECT-MPI After CT-Attenuation Correction
Authors: Aju P Pazhenkottil, Rene Nkoulou, Jelena-Rima Ghadri, Ronny R Buechel, Mathias Wolfrum, Lars Husmann, Bernhard A Herzog, Oliver Gaemperli, Philipp A Kaufmann
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether attenuation correction with computed tomography (CT-AC) improves the prognostic value of single-photon emission computed tomography myocardia...
Functional Restoration of gp91phox-Oxidase Activity by BAC Transgenesis and Gene Targeting in X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease iPSCs
Authors: Magdalena Laugsch, Maria Rostovskaya, Sergiy Velychko, Cornelia Richter, Ariane Zimmer, Barbara Klink, Evelin Schröck, Michael Haase, Katrin Neumann, Sebastian Thieme, Joachim Roesler, Sebastian Brenner, Konstantinos Anastassiadis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immunodeficiency, caused by the inability of neutrophils to produce functional NADPH oxidase required for fighting microbial infections. The X-linked form of CGD (X-CGD), which is due to mutations in the CYBB (gp91phox) gene, a component of NADPH oxidase, accounts for about two-thirds of CGD cases. We derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from X-CGD patient keratinocytes using a Flp recombinase excisable lentiviral reprogramming vector. For restoring gp91phox function, we applied two strategies: transposon-mediated bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenesis and gene targeting using vectors with a fixed 5′ homology arm (HA) of 8 kb and 3′HA varying in size from 30 to 80 kb. High efficiency of homologous recombination (up to 22%) was observed with increased size of the 3′HA. Both, BAC transgenesis and gene targeting resulted in functional restoration of the gp91phox measured by an oxidase activity assay in X-CGD iPSCs differentiated into the myeloid lineage. In conclusion, we delivered an important milestone towards the use of genetically corrected autologous cells for the treatment of X-CGD and monogenic diseases in general. Chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is an inherited immunodeficiency, caused by the inability of neutrophils to produce functional NADPH oxidase required for fighting microbial infections. The X-linked form of CGD (X-CGD), which is due to mutations in the CYBB (gp91phox) gene, a component of NADPH oxidase, accounts for about two-thirds of CGD cases. We derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from X-CGD patient keratinocytes using a Flp recombinase excisable lentiviral reprogramming vector. For restoring gp91phox function, we applied two strategies: transposon-mediated bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenesis and gene targeting using vectors with a fixed 5′ homology arm (HA) of 8 kb and 3′HA varying in size from 30 to 80 kb. High efficiency of homologous recombination (up to 22%) was observed with increased size of the 3′HA. Both, BAC transgenesis and gene targeting resulted in functional restoration of the gp91phox measured by an oxidase activity assay in X-CGD iPSCs differentiated into the myeloid lineage. In conclusion, we delivered an important milestone towards the use of genetically corrected autologous cells for the treatment of X-CGD and monogenic diseases in general.
Abstract 16298: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Public-Access Automated External Defibrillators in Japan
Authors: Toshio Ogawa, Seizan Tanabe, Soichi Koike, Tomoaki Imamura
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Rationale: The number of public-access automated external defibrillators (AEDs) has increased rapidly since their use became legal for any citizen in Japan in 2004. However, few studies have provid...
Passage-Dependent Cancerous Transformation Of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Of Adipose Origin During In Vitro Culture
Authors: Jung Ah Kim, Qute Choi, Kyong Ok Im, Ji Seok Kwon, Si Nae Park, Seon Young Kim, Sang Mee Hwang, Yeon-Mok Oh, Dong Soon Lee
Journal: Blood (2013)