tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2717: Detection of Merkel cell polyomavirus in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)
Authors: Ernst-Jan M. Speel, Anke Haugg, Naga Deepa Pantulu, Christian Pallasch, Anna K. Kurz, Ahmad Kassem, Lukas Frenzel, Sebastian Sodenkamp, Hans M. Kvasnicka, Clemens Wendtner, Axel Zur Hausen
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) is detected in approximately 80% of Merkel cell carcinomas (MCC). A number of previous studies have shown that MCC patients are at a significantly increased risk to develop chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and vice versa. Until recently, clonal integration and truncating mutations of the Large T antigen (LTAg) of MCPyV were restricted to MCC. We have recently reported the presence of the MCPyV in highly purified tumor cells of CLL (n = 19/70, 27.1%) (Blood. 2010 Sep 3). Of these, six revealed a novel 246 bp deletion in the helicase gene of the LTAg. The presence of MCPyV was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Material and Method: Here we aimed to determine the presence of MCPyV by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis in CLL cells in order to evaluate whether MCPyV was integrated or episomal. For this purpose we performed FISH analysis as previously described (Int J Cancer. 2005, 115:419-428) using the MCPyV genome as FISH probe. We tested 2 of the previously reported MCPyV positive CLL cases (EDTA decalcified bone marrow trephines) and MCPyV-positive MCC (n = 5). In addition, we tested MCPyV-negative tumors, e.g. breast and colon cancers. All tissues were formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded. Results: Specific MCPyV DNA by FISH analysis was detected in the nuclei of MCPyV-positive CLL and MCC cells. In contrast to particularly punctate FISH signals in MCC indicating viral integration, the nuclear FISH signals of the CLL cases revealed especially granular signals, indicative for integrated MCPyV DNA together with transcribed viral RNA (Int J Cancer. 2008, 122:2656-2664). No signals were obtained by MCPyV FISH in breast or colon cancer specimens. Conclusion: The specific detection of MCPyV in CLL cells further supports our previous report of a possible involvement of MCPyV in a significant subset of CLL. The specific but rather granular nuclear FISH signals in MCPyV positive CLL cells needs further study to evaluate if it is also generated by co-existing episomal virus copies, by viral RNA or by the decalcification process. In addition, more CLL cases will be analyzed for the presence of MCPyV. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2717. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2717
Fall Prevention in Acute Care Hospitals
Authors: Patricia C. Dykes, Diane L. Carroll, Ann Hurley, Stuart Lipsitz, Angela Benoit, Frank Chang, Seth Meltzer, Ruslana Tsurikova, Lyubov Zuyov, Blackford Middleton
Journal: JAMA (2010)

<h3>Context</h3>Falls cause injury and death for persons of all ages, but risk of falls increases markedly with age. Hospitalization further increases risk, yet no evidence exists to support short-stay hospital-based fall prevention strategies to reduce patient falls.<h3>Objective</h3>To investigate whether a fall prevention tool kit (FPTK) using health information technology (HIT) decreases patient falls in hospitals.<h3>Design, Setting, and Patients</h3>Cluster randomized study conducted January 1, 2009, through June 30, 2009, comparing patient fall rates in 4 urban US hospitals in units that received usual care (4 units and 5104 patients) or the intervention (4 units and 5160 patients).<h3>Intervention</h3>The FPTK integrated existing communication and workflow patterns into the HIT application. Based on a valid fall risk assessment scale completed by a nurse, the FPTK software tailored fall prevention interventions to address patients' specific determinants of fall risk. The FPTK produced bed posters composed of brief text with an accompanying icon, patient education handouts, and plans of care, all communicating patient-specific alerts to key stakeholders.<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>The primary outcome was patient falls per 1000 patient-days adjusted for site and patient care unit. A secondary outcome was fall-related injuries.<h3>Results</h3>During the 6-month intervention period, the number of patients with falls differed between control (n = 87) and intervention (n = 67) units (P=.02). Site-adjusted fall rates were significantly higher in control units (4.18 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.45-5.06] per 1000 patient-days) than in intervention units (3.15 [95% CI, 2.54-3.90] per 1000 patient-days; P = .04). The FPTK was found to be particularly effective with patients aged 65 years or older (adjusted rate difference, 2.08 [95% CI, 0.61-3.56] per 1000 patient-days; P = .003). No significant effect was noted in fall-related injuries.<h3>Conclusion</h3>The use of a fall prevention tool kit in hospital units compared with usual care significantly reduced rate of falls.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00675935
CONTINUED FEVER IN CHILDREN
Authors: W. J. Anderson
Journal: BMJ (1854)

IN systematic works upon the diseases of children, we find little or no mention made of continued fever; not that this complaint is essentially an infantile one, far from it; but many other affections equally common to the adult as well as to the child, have been copiously described in such treatises, while this has been altogether omitted.The diagnosis in such cases is important, not only as affecting the patient with regard to appropriate treatment, but also as concerning the safety of others, by giving them timely warning to avoid contagion as much as possible.The contagious na- ture of coutinued fever has been denied by some: I am, however, a staunch contagionist, and, being such, am fully persuaded that the disease may be propagated with the same degree of certainty by a child as by an adult.In June 1853, I saw a striking illustration of this, which it may not be out of place to mention here.A child, not quite four years old, came under my care with a severe attack of continued fever, complicated with head symptoms.This child recovered, but her mother now became affected; and six other children had it likewise.Now, it might be urged that this was endemic; that some local cause, which had produced the disease in the first child, had also caused it in the other members of the family.This argument might hold good possibly with the mother, but not with the other children; for they removed to a totally different locality before they were affected, the mother alone having shown incipient symptoms previous to their change of abode.it is not my intention to enter into a detailed account of the symptoms of continued fever.Every medical man is so perfectly conversant with them, and they have been so frequently and ably described by eminent practitioners, & Liqnoris ammonite acetatis 3 iij, Spiritius aitheris nitrosi 3 s, blisturse camphore 3 v.Al.
The Importance of Purpose: Moving Beyond Consent in the Societal Use of Personal Health Information
Authors: David Grande, Nandita Mitra, Anand Shah, Fei Wan, David A. Asch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Background: Adoption of electronic health record systems has increased the availability of patient-level electronic health information. Objective: To examine public support for secondary uses of electronic health information under different consent arrangements. Design: National experimental survey to examine perceptions of uses of electronic health information according to patient consent (obtained vs. not obtained), use (research vs. marketing), and framing of the findings (abstract description without results vs. specific results). Setting: Nationally representative survey. Participants: 3064 African American, Hispanic, and non-Hispanic white persons (response rate, 65%). Measurements: Appropriateness of health information use described in vignettes on a scale of 1 (not at all appropriate) to 10 (very appropriate). Results: Mean ratings ranged from a low of 3.81 for a marketing use when consent was not obtained and specific results were presented to a high of 7.06 for a research use when consent was obtained and specific results were presented. Participants rated scenarios in which consent was obtained as more appropriate than when consent was not obtained (difference, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.69 to 1.34]; P < 0.001). Participants rated scenarios in which the use was marketing as less appropriate than when the use was research (difference, −2.03 [CI, −2.27 to −1.78]; P < 0.001). Unconsented research uses were rated as more appropriate than consented marketing uses (5.65 vs. 4.52; difference, 1.13 [CI, 0.87 to 1.39]). Limitations: Participants rated hypothetical scenarios. Results could be vulnerable to nonresponse bias despite the high response rate. Conclusion: Although approaches to health information sharing emphasize consent, public opinion also emphasizes purpose, which suggests a need to focus more attention on the social value of information use. Primary Funding Source: National Human Genome Research Institute.
Betel Nut Chewing Is Independently Associated With Urinary Albumin Excretion Rate in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Authors: Chin-Hsiao Tseng
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Betel nut chewing is associated with increased production of reactive oxygen species and inflammatory mediators (1), which could potentially cause kidney damage (2). This study investigated whether betel nut chewing could increase urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) in 572 Taiwanese men (aged ≥45 years) with type 2 diabetes. Among them, 65 were chewers ≥5 years and 507 were nonchewers. Urinary albumin and creatinine concentrations, fasting plasma glucose and serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and creatinine were measured as described elsewhere (3). Urinary albumin-to-creatinine …
Abstract A14: Small Tumor Diameter at Cure Threshold (&amp;lt; 20mm) Among Aggressive Lung Cancers Predicts both Chest X-ray and CT Screening Outcomes in a Novel Simulation Framework
Authors: Deborah Lynn Goldwasser, Marek Kimmel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: The population distribution of lung cancer growth and tumor diameter at cure threshold is an important component of a model of the natural course of lung cancer. Methods: We simulate outcomes in the Mayo CT lung screening study using an existing simulation model of lung cancer progression calibrated to the Mayo Lung Project (males only) and evaluate the goodness of fit. We perform a likelihood-based analysis to determine whether the conditional probability of five-year lung cancer survival given tumor diameter at detection depends significantly on detection modality. A novel probabilistic model characterizes growth and tumor progression after transformation of a single malignant cell, governed by two parameters f and μ, the branching fraction and cellular mutation rate, respectively. We identify distinct sets of parameter pairs (f,μ), each of which satisfies a method of moments condition given a survival function governing detection in the absence of screening. We examine their goodness of fit with respect to simulated tumor size and five-year lung cancer survival among detected incident lung cancers in the MLP and Mayo CT studies. Results: An existing model of lung cancer progression under-predicts the number of advanced-stage incident lung cancers among males in the Mayo CT study (p-value = 0.004). The probability of five-year lung cancer survival given size at detection depends significantly on detection modality (p-value = 0.0312). Selected models having a median tumor diameter at cure threshold ranging from 16.7–27.0 mm predict both MLP and Mayo CT outcomes. Conclusions: The median lung tumor diameter at cure threshold among aggressive lung cancers may be small (&amp;lt; 20 mm).
THE ORIGIN OF URINARY CREATINE IN PROGRESSIVE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY 1
Authors: Jean D. Benedict, Helen J. Kalinsky, Louis A. Scarrone, Arthur R. Wertheim, DeWitt Stetten
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1955)

In an earlier communication (1) an experiment was described in which the isotopic compositions of urinary creatine and creatinine excreted by a patient with progressive muscular dystrophy were studied after a feeding of glycine-N'5.It was found, that in the first few days urinary creatine was much more enriched with N'5 than was urinary creatinine, and that the isotope con- centration in the creatine fell far more rapidly than did that in the creatinine.These results were taken to mean that the creatinuria, in this patient, was not a consequence of leakage of creatine out of skeletal muscle but rather represented newly formed creatine, synthesized in liver, which had failed to gain entry into muscle.The present study represents an extension of these observations on two additional patients.Essentially the same technique as previously de- scribed was utilized.In view of the fact that the "sarcosine-nitrogen" of creatine derives from gly- cine nitrogen in liver, as does the nitrogen of hippuric acid, it was considered of interest to compare the abundance of N15 in simultaneously excreted creatine and hippurate after feeding gly- cine-N'5.To facilitate hippurate isolation from urine, small amounts of sodium benzoate were administered from time to time to each subject. EXPERIMENTAL Clinical historiesSubject T. K., a 31-year-old white male, has exhibited evidences of muscle dysfunction since the age of 4 and was diagnosed as having progressive muscular dystrophy
Propylene Glycol Toxicity in a Patient Receiving Intravenous Diazepam
Authors: Kevin C. Wilson, Christine Reardon, Harrison W. Farber
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

To the Editor: Alcohol withdrawal is a common problem among hospitalized patients and is frequently treated with intravenous diazepam. Propylene glycol is a solvent in which diazepam is often disso...
Meeting the healthcare needs of refugees and asylum seekers
Authors: D. Barr, J B Ashton
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Kent has around 4000 asylum seekers, many of whom are not registered with a general practitioner. The local medical committee recently wrote to all the members of parliament (MPs) in Kent seeking separate central funding to provide adequate services for refugees and asylum seekers. The committee was concerned that an effective service was unlikely to be provided unless funds were separately identified and also that funds for general medical services would be used to provide a service that takes money from the population as a …
CHRONIC APPENDICITIS IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: CHARLES G. MIXTER
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The present attitude of many surgeons with regard to chronic appendicitis is one of skepticism. It is natural that a reaction should come, after the wholesale removal of appendixes ten or fifteen years ago without sufficiently careful differential diagnoses. As a result, the failure of appendectomy to cure pain in the right iliac fossa in adults has been much emphasized. In order to condemn entirely the removal of appendixes for chronic appendicitis, it is necessary to prove that appendectomy does not relieve the symptoms, or that the percentage of failures is sufficiently high to make the operation unjustifiable. A study of the symptomatology and the results of operation in a group of children, in whom the neurasthenic element, so often encountered in adults, is rarely present, would therefore seem of value. The records of 100 cases in children under 13 years of age, in whom a clinical diagnosis of chronic
Rentabilité diagnostique et faisabilité de l'entéroscopie spiralée chez les patients présentant une lésion de l'intestin grêle diagnostiquée par vidéocapsule endoscopique: étude prospective, multicentrique française
Authors: G Rahmi, K Vahedi, T Ponchon, S Reignier, F Fumex, C Lorenceau-Savale, C Cellier
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Introduction: L'entéroscopie spiralée (ES) utilisant le système SPIRUS (overtube DISCOVERY SB)est une nouvelle technique pour l'exploration de l'intestin grêle encore peu évaluée.
Likelihood of finding melanoma when removing a Spitzoid-looking lesion in patients aged 12 years or older
Authors: Aimilios Lallas, Elvira Moscarella, Caterina Longo, Athanassios Kyrgidis, Yuka de Mestier, Gabrielle Vale, Stefania Guida, Giovanni Pellacani, Giuseppe Argenziano
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2014)
Efficacy of intravenous ibutilide for rapid termination of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter: A dose-response study
Authors: Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Bruce S. Stambler, Mark A. Wood, Philip T. Sager, Robert C. Wesley, Marc D. Meissner, Robert G. Zoble, Linda K. Wakefield, Kimberly T. Perry, James T. Vanderlugtt, None Ibutilide Investigators
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Familial aggregation of Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, and oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma in Caucasian adults
Authors: A Chak, T Lee, M F Kinnard, W Brock, A Faulx, J Willis, G S Cooper, M V Sivak, K A B Goddard
Journal: Gut (2002)

Background: Although familial clusters of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma have been reported, a familial predisposition to these diseases has not been systematically investigated. Aims: To determine whether Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal (or oesophagogastric junctional) adenocarcinoma aggregate in families. Patients and methods: A structured questionnaire eliciting details on reflux symptoms, exposure history, and family history was given to Caucasian case (n=58) subjects with Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, or oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma, and to Caucasian control (n=106) subjects with symptomatic gastro-oesophageal reflux disease without Barrett's oesophagus. Reported diagnoses of family members were confirmed by review of medical records. Results: The presence of a positive family history (that is, first or second degree relative with Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, or oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma) was significantly higher among case subjects compared with controls (24% v 5%; p<0.005). Case subjects were more likely to be older (p<0.001) and male (74% v 43% male; p<0.0005) compared with control subjects. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, family history was independently associated with the presence of Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, or oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma (odds ratio 12.23, 95% confidence interval 3.34–44.76) after adjusting for age, sex, and the presence of obesity 10 or more years prior to study enrolment. Conclusions: Individuals with Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, or oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma are more likely to have a positive family history of Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, or oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma than individuals without Barrett's oesophagus, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, or oesophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma. A positive family history should be considered when making decisions about screening endoscopy in patients with symptoms of gastro-oesophageal reflux.
Decline in cognitive function in Parkinson's disease may be due to dementia with Lewy bodies
Authors: J. Grace, I G McKeith
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Donnellan et al report on four patients with Parkinson's disease in whom prescription of oxybutynin was associated with worsening cognitive function.1 Cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease is common. It has been suggested that when a progressive decline in cognitive function in Parkinson's disease is accompanied by visual hallucinations and fluctuating cognition a secondary diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies is made.2 Dementia with …
Hepatitis B Virus Markers in Homosexual Men
Authors: Barbara Romanowski, R.P. Bryce Larke
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1983Hepatitis B Virus Markers in Homosexual MenBARBARA ROMANOWSKI, M.D., R.P. BRYCE LARKE, M.D., D. CL. SC.BARBARA ROMANOWSKI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R.P. BRYCE LARKE, M.D., D. CL. SC.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-99-1-125_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Homosexual men are now recognized to be at increased risk of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with 50% to 75% showing serologic evidence of previous or current infection (1-4). Most published data on this subject have resulted from studies in Europe or the United States. With the licensing of hepatitis B vaccine in Canada in October 1982, we considered it important to determine the prevalence of HBV infection in our population.The study was done at the Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic, Edmonton, Alberta. Edmonton is a major urban center in western Canada with a population of approximately...References1. COUTINHOSCHUTLENTREERINK-BRONGERSJESDIJK RBNEL. Hepatitis B among homosexual men in the Netherlands. Sex Transm Dis. 1981;8:333-5. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. REINERJUDSONBONDFRANCISPETERSEN NFWDN. Asymptomatic rectal mucosal lesions and hepatitis B surface antigen at sites of sexual contact in homosexual men with persistent hepatitis B virus infection. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:170-3. LinkGoogle Scholar3. SCHREEDERTHOMPSONHADLER MSS. Hepatitis B in homosexual men: prevalence of infection and factors related to transmission. J Infect Dis. 1982;146:7-15. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. SZMUNESSMUCHPRINCE WMA. On the role of sexual behavior in the spread of hepatitis B infection. Ann Intern Med. 1975;83:489-95. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAssociation of hepatitis B virus infection with other sexually transmitted infections in homosexual men. Omega Study Group 1 July 1983Volume 99, Issue 1Page: 125-125KeywordsHepatitis BHepatitis B virusHomosexualsInfectious hepatitisSexually transmitted diseasesVaccines Issue Published: 1 July 1983 PDF downloadLoading ...
Relationship of skin test reactivity to decrements in pulmonary function in children with asthma or frequent wheezing.
Authors: J Schwartz, S T Weiss
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

We examined the relationship between skin test reactivity and level of FEV1 in a stratified random sample of U.S. children 6 to 12 yr of age with asthma or frequent wheezing, studied as part of the Second National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES II). Subjects were considered symptomatic if they reported asthma or wheezing. Spirometry was performed according to ATS standards. Skin test reactivity to Alternaria, Bermuda grass, cat, dog, house dust, mixed long and short ragweed, oak, and rye grass allergens was determined. House dust mite (-17% FEV1; 95% CI, -9 to -25), dog (-28% FEV1; 95% CI, -11 to -42), and oak (-26% FEV1, 95% CI, -16 to -35) were associated with the greatest decrements in FEV1. In general, indoor allergens (-13% FEV1; 95% CI, -6 to -20) were associated with greater effects than outdoor allergens (-5% FEV1; 95% CI, -2 to -13). The association of indoor allergens with reduced FEV1 was greater in girls (-16% FEV1; 95% CI, -5 to -25) than in boys (-8% FEV1; 95% CI, -3 to -13). Sensitization to indoor allergens among symptomatic children 6 to 12 yr of age was associated with decrements in level of FEV1.
Alport syndrome and diffuse leiomyomatosis: Deletions in the 5′ end of the COL4A5 collagen gene
Authors: Corinne Antignac, Jing Zhou, Marek Sanak, Pierre Cochat, Bernard Roussel, Georges Deschênes, Françoise Gros, Bertrand Knebelmann, Marie-Claude Hors-Cayla, Karl Tryggvason, Marie-Claire Gubler
Journal: Kidney International (1992)