tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Breast Cancer Following Iodine-131 Therapy for Hyperthyroidism
Authors: D A Hoffman, W M McConahey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

A retrospective cohort study of women treated for hyperthyroidism at the Mayo Clinic between 1946 and 1964 was conducted to determine if 1,005 women treated with iodine-131 (131I) were at increased risk of breast cancer compared with 2,141 women traced, and a response (death certificate or questionnaire) was received for 99% of the traced women. The average duration of follow-up was 15 years for the 131I-treated women and 21 years for women treated surgically. No increased risk of breast cancer was observed in the 131I-treated women (adjusted relative risk = 0.8). No patterns were found of increased breast cancer risk by age at first treatment, by time since treatment, or by total exposure to 131I. Failure to detect an increased risk of breast cancer in the 131I-treated women was attributed to the moderately low doses from 131I therapy and the relatively small number of exposed women. The study also failed to find any increased risk of breast cancer associated with hyperthyroidism.
Patient nostril microbial flora: individual-dependency and diversity precluding prediction of Staphylococcus aureus acquisition
Authors: A.S. Alvarez, L. Remy, C. Allix-Béguec, C. Ligier, C. Dupont, O. Leminor, C. Lawrence, P. Supply, D. Guillemot, J.L. Gaillard, J. Salomon, J.-L. Herrmann
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Abstract 3324: Assessment of Coronary Calcification by Optical Coherence Tomography in the Culprit Lesions: Comparison between Acute Coronary Syndrome and Stable Angina Pectoris
Authors: Masato Mizukoshi, Takashi Kubo, Shigeho Takarada, Hironori Kitabata, Takashi Tanimoto, Satoshi Ueno, Akio Kuroi, Yuu Arita, Hideyuki Ikejima, Keishi Ookouchi, Hiroto Tsujioka, Manabu Kashiwagi, Hiroki Matsumoto, Hideaki Kataiwa, Nobuo Nakamura, Atsushi Tanaka, Toshio Imanishi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Circulation (2007)

[BACKGROUND] Calcification is an important phenomenon of atherosclerosis. Histopathological and intravascular ultrasound studies suggest that the characteristics of calcification might be associated with the pathogenesis of the vulnerable plaque. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution imaging modality and allows us to analyse the plaque morphology in detail. In this study, we assessed the characteristics of calcification by OCT at the sites of culprit lesions in acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina pectoris (UAP), and stable angina pectoris (SAP). [METHOD and RESULTS] We evaluated the characteristics of calcification in the 20-mm-long culprit lesion segment per patient by OCT in 56 patients (AMI : n=21, UAP : n=14, SAP : n=21). In each patient, the number of calcium deposits, the arc, the distance from the luminal surface to each calcification were measured. Each calcium deposit was categorized into one of two groups by the arc : spotty calcification : a small calcium deposit with an arc of less than 90 degrees ; large calcification : a calcific lesion with an arc of more than 90 degrees. The average number of spotty calcification per patient in AMI and UAP was significantly greater than that in SAP (AMI 1.7+/−1.3, UAP 1.9+/−1.7, and SAP 0.6+/−0.8, p=0.012; AMI vs SAP, p=0.046, UAP vs SAP, p=0.030). The average number of large calcification per patient in AMI was significantly lower than that in SAP (AMI0.2+/−0.4, UAP 0.42+/−0.7, and SAP0.9+/−0.7; AMI vs SAP, p=0.005). Consequently, the percent of spotty calcification in each culprit lesion was higher in AMI and UAP than in SAP (AMI 87.5%, UAP 81.3%, and SAP40.1%, p&lt;0.01). The distance between the luminal surface and the inner edge of each spotty calcification was significantly shorter in AMI and UAP than in SAP (AMI 0.18+/−0.11mm, UAP 0.15+/−0.1mm, SAP 0.30+/−0.13mm, p&lt;0.001; AMI vs SAP, p=0.007, and UAP vs SAP, p=0.001), but that of each large calcification was not significantly different among AMI, UAP, and SAP. [CONCLUSION] In the culprit lesions of AMI and UAP, calcium deposits more spotty in size and more close to the lumen would be observed frequently. These characteristics of the calcium deposition might play an important role in the pathogenesis of the plaque vulnerability.
Comparison of computed tomography features of acute phase of cardiogenic pulmonary edema and acute lung injury
Authors: Kosaku Komiya, Hiroshi Ishii, Fumito Okada, Katashi Satoh, Jun-Ichi Kadota
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale , Discriminating cardiogenic pulmonary edema (CPE) from acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is clinically important since the management and prognosis of the two conditions are quite different. Previous studies showed limitations in the use of chest radiographs alone, and the usefulness of chest computed tomography (CT) has not been fully elucidated.   Objectives , To compare chest CT findings in acute phase of CPE with those of ALI/ARDS.   Methods , Emergency outpatients with acute respiratory failure (n=70), who showed bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest radiographs, were enrolled. Two chest physicians, who were blinded to the chest images, independently reviewed the clinical records in order to determine the diagnosis of CPE, ALI/ARDS, or mixed. Chest CT findings of these patients, except the patients diagnosed as mixed edema, were independently evaluated by two radiologists, who were unapprised of any clinical information.   Results , Forty one patients with CPE and 20 patients with ALI/ARDS (9 intrapulmonary, 11 extra-pulmonary causes) were assessed. Chest CT findings of upper lobe dominant ground-glass attenuation (GGA), peribronchovascular thickening, and right dominant pleural effusion were significant predictors for distinguishing CPE from ALI/ARDS in multivariable models. Especially, when upper lobe dominant GGA and peribronchovascular thickening were concurrently detected, all of the patients met the criteria for diagnosing CPE.   Conclusions , Chest CT at the emergency department may be a useful tool in differentiating acute respiratory failure.
Systemic Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a patient with Sézary syndrome
Authors: J.J. Scarisbrick, F. Child, M. Spittle, E. Calonje, R. Russell-Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

We report a case of a 71-year-old male with Sézary syndrome diagnosed in 1996 who subsequently developed systemic Hodgkin’s lymphoma. His only past treatment was bath psoralen plus ultraviolet A. He has since been treated with multiagent chemotherapy (ChlVPP/PABLOE) which induced a remission in his Hodgkin’s disease. Eighteen months later he remains in remission from Hodgkin’s disease but the Sézary syndrome remains active. He has also developed a squamous cell carcinoma on the upper lip. Sézary syndrome is a primary cutaneous T-cell lymphoma characterized by a malignant proliferation of CD4-positive cells in the skin and peripheral circulation. The CD4 count may be markedly elevated but this results from expansion of a neoplastic T-cell clone and there is a relative lymphopenia of normal T cells leading to a degree of immunoparesis. Immunosuppression is known to be associated with an increased rate of malignancies and this may account for the occurrence of Hodgkin’s disease and squamous cell carcinoma in this patient with Sézary syndrome.
Lung age in smokers – To tell or not to tell?
Authors: Kenji Miyamoto, Masayo Takase
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

For smokers, lung age is a useful tool to make spirometry data easier to understand and to increase or maintain the motivation to quit smoking. However, only a quarter of smokers develop COPD. This suggests that many smokers are nonsensitive to tobacco smoking so far as the age-related decline in FEV 1  is concerned. Many such smokers might have a lung age younger than their chronological age. We wondered whether, if the lung age is younger than the calendar age, knowing the younger lung age might encourage them to continue smoking.   Purpose:  To compare smokers and nonsmokers whose lung ages were younger than their chronological ages when both have normal lung function with no respiratory symptoms.   Subject and methods:  We performed spirometry for 353 volunteers who attended our “Lung Age Project” at the University Campus Festival.   Results:  Among the subjects, 331 (M/F=158/173) of them had normal spiromety data (80%≤%VC and 70%≤FEV1/FVC). In males, 27% of 48 smokers and the same percentage of 110 nonsmokers had a lung age younger than the chronological age. In contrast, in females, 71% of 24 smokers and 46% of 149 nonsmokers had a younger lung age. However, after age and height were matched between both groups, there was no significant difference of the ratio of those who had younger lung age between smokers and nonsmokers, 32% vs. 35% in males and 71% vs. 58% in females, respectively. After telling smokers their younger lung age, some of them happily said “I can continue to smoke for a while”, or “It is too early to quit smoking”.   Conclusion:  Many nonsymptomatic smokers have younger lung age than their chronological age, like nonsmokers. Therefore, we should be cautious about telling lung age to those smokers who want to quit smoking.
Six minute walk test (6MWT) in patients with diagnosis of lung cancer - Clinical value in physiological evaluation candidates for surgical treatment
Authors: Monika Franczuk, Piotr Rudzinski, Jerzy Usiekniewicz, Marek Kram, Renata Langfort, Stefan Wesolowski, Tadeusz Orlowski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The lung function testing (LFT) and assessment of exercise capacity in patients with lung cancer are important tools for qualification for the surgery and estimation the risk. However the commonly used 6MWT is not recommended by the current guideline as a reliable method of evaluation (Brunelli 2009).  The aim of the study was to analyze the differences in LFT and 6MWT between patients with and without complications after lung resection. The analysis included 127 operated pts (mean age 63,1±9,3 yrs, 80 M, 47 F), with histopathologically confirmed NSCLC. Patients with a history of previous lung resection, chemotherapy or radiotherapy were not included into the study. The comparison of LF and 6MWT was performed and the differences between pts without (86 pts) and with (41 pts.) postoperative complications (e.g. arrhythmias, PAL, hemorrhage) were noted: FEV1 2,4 vs. 2,1L p=0,01 (91,3 vs. 75,5%, p  Conclusions: Patients with postoperative complications had lower lung function indices (FEV1, ppoFEV1) and lower minimal saturation during 6MWT than those with uneventful postoperative course. Those findings suggest that 6MWT, highly reliable in estimating exercise tolerance in COPD patients, ILD and IPAH, can be valuable also in assessment of lung cancer patients, candidates for surgical treatment.
Delayed maturation of the frontal cortex in childhood autism
Authors: M Zilbovicius, B Garreau, Y Samson, P Remy, C Barthélémy, A Syrota, G Lelord
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors investigated the metabolic maturation of the frontal cortex in pre-school autistic children.Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in five children with primary autism diagnosed according to the DSM-III-R criteria was studied longitudinally. Regional CBF in each of the autistic children was measured with single photon emission computed tomography twice during their development: at the age of 3-4 years and 3 years later. At each stage, the autistic children were compared to an age-matched comparison group of five nonautistic children with normal development.A transient frontal hypoperfusion was found in the autistic children at ages 3-4 years; this corresponded to the pattern of perfusion observed in much younger normal children. By the ages of 6-7, the autistic children's frontal perfusion had attained normal values.Since CBF patterns in children are related to maturational changes in brain function, these results indicate a delayed frontal maturation in childhood autism. Such a delayed brain maturational process is consistent with the clinical data and cognitive performance of autistic children.
Single agent IV vinflunine (VFL) in the second-line treatment of patients (pts) with advanced gastric cancer (AGC): Initial results of a phase II trial
Authors: R. Kaleta, H. C. Chung, S. R. Park, R. K. Li, Y. Kim, H. Kim, J. Langenaeken, C. P. George, E. J. de Wit
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15533 Background: Fluoropyrimidines (F) and taxanes (T) are globally approved for the 1st line treatment of AGC, but no standard chemotherapy has been defined for second line treatment. VFL is a novel microtubule inhibitor of the vinca alkaloid class which has activity in several tumor types, including gastric cancer in preclinical experiments. This trial was designed to test the activity of IV single-agent VFL every 3 weeks in pts with AGC. Methods: Between 03 and 09 2007, 21 pts with AGC that progressed after prior F or T based chemotherapy, were enrolled. Pts in good performance status (ECOG PS - 0 or 1), age below 75 years and adequate renal function (creatinine clearance > 60 mL/min) received initially VFL 320 mg/m2. Pts with PS 2, age ≥ 75 years and/or creatinine clearance ≤ 60 ml/min, had a VFL initial dose of 280 mg/m2, escalated to 320 mg/m2 in absence of severe hematologic toxicity. Results: Data are currently available for the first 19 pts (safety) and 17 pts (efficacy). There were 14 men and 5 women with a median age of 60 years (range 34–74). VFL starting dose was 320 mg/m2 in 11 pts and 280 mg/m2 in 8 pts. Out of 17 pts evaluable for response, 2 pts had a PR; 7 pts SD and 8 pts PD. Grade 3–4 non-hematologic toxicity occurring in more than 1 patient were: abdominal pain (5 pts), anorexia (4 pts), constipation (2 pts), ileus (2 pts), asthenia (2 pts) pneumonia (2 pts), fatal septic shock (2 pts), fatal thromboembolism (1 pt), and hypokalemia (2 pts). Grade 3–4 hematologic toxicity: neutropenia (8 pts), febrile neutropenia (2 pts), and anemia (3 pts). In general, severe toxicities were observed in patients with significant risk factors. Conclusions: VFL has antitumor activity in AGC in F or T pretreated pts. For the first time a vinca alkaloid is shown to be active in this tumor type. The safety database in this trial will help to define an appropriate risk management strategy. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb Bristol-Myers Squibb
Abstract 625: Proliferative effects of the phytoestrogens 8-Prenylnaringenin, 6-(1.1-dimethylallyl)naringenin and Naringenin in MCF-7 cells and the rat mammary gland
Authors: Janina Helle, Oliver Zierau, Kristin Kräker, Annekathrin Keiler, Günter Vollmer, JoEllen Welsh, Georg Kretzschmar
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Evaluation of stimulation of proliferation in female reproductive organs by phytoestrogens of reproductive tract organs is important to estimate their safety/risk profile if used as an alternative to hormone therapy. To assess the proliferative capacity of the flavanones 8-Prenylnaringenin (8-PN), 6-(1.1-dimethylallyl)naringenin (6-DMAN) and Naringenin (Nar) on the mammary gland we compared their estrogenic properties to 17β-Estradiol (E2) in three independent assays. We performed competitive estrogen receptor (ER) ligand binding assays, MCF-7 proliferation studies and a three day exposure experiment in young adult ovariectomized female rats. 8-PN displayed a high relative binding affinity for both ERs with a preference for ERα (19.46 %) compared to ERβ (6.5 %). Among the tested flavanones 8-PN had the strongest mitotic effect on MCF-7 cells. In vivo 8-PN increased the number of terminal end buds (TEB) in the mammary gland and the protein expression of the proliferation markers Ki-67 and PCNA in epithelial ductal cells and further led to an increase of Amphiregulin (Areg) mRNA expression, endpoints correlated to mammary gland proliferation. 6-DMAN also possesses a higher relative binding affinity for the ERα than for the ERβ (1.46 %, 0.84 %) and stimulated the cell proliferation of MCF-7 cells. It enhanced Ki-67 protein expression and β-Casein mRNA expression in vivo. Nar displayed the weakest estrogenic properties and was the only tested compound with a higher affinity for the ERβ than the ERα (0.5 %, 0.08 %). It displayed proliferative effects on MCF-7 cells and slightly induced Ki-67 protein expression in vivo. Citation Format: Janina Helle, Oliver Zierau, Kristin Kräker, Annekathrin Keiler, Günter Vollmer, JoEllen Welsh, Georg Kretzschmar. Proliferative effects of the phytoestrogens 8-Prenylnaringenin, 6-(1.1-dimethylallyl)naringenin and Naringenin in MCF-7 cells and the rat mammary gland. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 625. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-625
Palbociclib for the Treatment of Estrogen Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Aki Morikawa, N. Lynn Henry
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Palbociclib is a selective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 that acts by reducing phosphorylation of the tumor suppressor gene retinoblastoma. When added to the aromatase inhibitor letrozole in a randomized phase II trial for first-line therapy of estrogen receptor–positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, palbociclib significantly increased progression-free survival compared with letrozole alone [palbociclib + letrozole: 20.2 months; 95% confidence interval (CI), 13.8–27.5; letrozole: 10.2 months; 95% CI, 5.7–12.6; HR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32–0.75; P = 0.0004]. On the basis of these results, the drug was recently granted accelerated approval by the FDA, and confirmatory studies are ongoing. Because this drug has a rational target in an oncologic pathway, concurrent biomarker development is of interest. In breast cancer, the most useful predictive biomarkers identified thus far are estrogen receptor and HER2 receptor status, although additional studies are ongoing. In this article, we review the development of palbociclib and its use in treatment of hormone receptor–positive metastatic breast cancer in the context of other FDA-approved agents in this setting. Clin Cancer Res; 21(16); 3591–6. ©2015 AACR.
Generation of Long-Term T-Lymphoid Cell Lines With Specific Cytotoxic Reactivity for a Syngeneic Murine Lymphoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Timothy J. Eberlein, Maury Rosenstein, Paul J. Spiess, Steven A. Rosenberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The long-term in vitro growth in T-cell growth factor (TCGF) of murine cytotoxic T-lymphoid cells directed against syngeneic tumor antigens was investigated. C57BL/6 mice were immunized to syngeneic FBL-3 lymphoma by two ip injections of irradiated FBL-3 lymphoma cells. Splenocytes from these animals were injected into mice with disseminated lethal FBL-3 tumor. The injection of cyclophosphamide (Cy) plus immunized lymphocytes significantly improved survival with cure of 53% of 38 animals. In comparison, treatment with Cy alone resulted in 0 of 31 cured and treatment with Cy plus unimmunized cells resulted in 0 of 40 cured (P less than 0.0005). These in vivo immunized lymphocytes were reexposed to FBL-3 tumor in vitro for 5 days in lectin-free TCGF (LF-TCGF). Although in vivo and in vitro sensitized lymphocytes exhibited no cytotoxicity toward fresh FBL-3 tumor cells in an 18-hour 51Cr release assay, expansion of appropriately sensitized cells in LF-TCGF resulted in significant lysis of fresh FBL-3 tumor cells. This significant lysis was specific and lysed syngeneic FBL-3 but not syngeneic MCA-103 fresh tumor targets. This maximal specific cytotoxicity was maintained for 2.5 months. A screening assay was developed that permitted rapid identification and isolation of low-frequency cytotoxic clones with reactivity specific for FBL-3 tumor. Several of these cloned cells were grown for almost 3 months with maintenance of high degrees of specific lysis (as much as 4,500 lytic U/10(6) cells). These cytotoxic lines and clones will be of value for the study of tumor-host immunologic interactions and perhaps for use in adoptive immunotherapy.
Oxaliplatin added to 5-fluorouracil-based therapy (5-FU ± FA) in the treatment of 5-FU-pretreated patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma (ACRC): Results from the European compassionate-use program
Authors: S. Brienza, M.A. Bensmaine, P. Soulié, C. Louvet, E. Gamelin, E. François, M. Ducreux, M. Marty, T. André, F. de Braud, H. Bleiberg, V. Ségal, M. Itzhaki, E. Cvitkovic
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1999)
Rehabilitation after lung transplantation with extracorporal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Martin Dierich, Thomas Fuehner, Tobias Welte, Gregor Warnecke, Jens Gottlieb
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Extracorporal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is applied in respiratory failure before lung transplantation (LTx). The success of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) following LTx with ECMO is unknown. Hypothesis: a 3-week inpatient PR in ECMO-treated patients is as efficient as in conventional transplanted.

Methods: patients were divided in 2 groups (ECMO vs. nonECMO). Vital capacity (VC%predicted), forced expiratory volume (FEV1%predicted), peak work rate (PWR, Watt), maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max%predicted), 6-min. walk distance (6-MWD [m]), activity of daily life (ADL, Barthel's Index)) and health related quality of life (HRQoL, Short Form 36 questionnaire (SF36)) were assessed at baseline (BL) and completion of PR.

Results: 465 patients (ECMO: 54, nonECMO: 411) were included. Overall improvement in each analyzed parameter was significant (p < 0.01). Differences at BL (ECMO vs. nonECMO, median) in VC (55 vs. 61%, p=0.01), FEV1 (52 vs. 62%, p<0.01), PWR: (36 vs. 44 Watt, p<0.01), 6-MWD (260 vs. 355m, p<0.01), SF36 physical functioning (PF) (20 vs. 30, p < 0.01) persisted at completion (VC: 66 vs. 70% (p=0.01), FEV1: 59 vs.71%, (p<0.01), PWR: 50 vs. 55 Watt (p=0.01), 6-MWD: 387 vs. 463m (p<0.01), SF36 PF: 50 vs. 65 (p < 0.01)). Differences in ADL (p < 0.01) and SF36 role physical (p=0.02) were compensated (p=0.7 respectively 0.6). VO2max and SF36 domains bodily pain, general health perception, social functioning, role emotional and mental health did not differ anytime.

Conclusion: barriers after respiratory failure treated with ECMO and LTx are overcome in 3-week inpatient PR. Physical functioning in conventional transplanted is superior. ADL and HRQOL are similar in both groups and remarkable high.
Persistence of endoscopic rectal inflammation in UC treated with infliximab is not linked to ineffective TNFα downregulation
Authors: Antonio Tursi, Mariabeatrice Principi, Marcello Picchio, Floriana Giorgio, Cosimo Damiano Inchingolo, Domenico Piscitelli, Enzo Ierardi
Journal: Gut (2015)

Two recent papers by Leal et al 1 and by Yarur et al 2 focalised their attention on the mechanisms of Tumour Necrosis Factor α (TNF) inhibition by anti-TNFα in patients suffering from IBDs. In particular, Yarur et al found that the ration anti-TNF/TNF in tissue was highest in uninflamed areas and lowest in severely inflamed areas, and claimed that TNFα overexpression in local tissue inflammation characterised serves as a sink for anti-TNF.1 Moreover, Leal et al found that anti-TNFα therapy significantly downregulates a subset of inflammatory genes even in patients who fail to achieve endoscopic remission, suggesting that these genes may not be dominant in driving inflammation in non-responders.2 

We reported herein our experience in assessing TNFα mucosal expression and mucosal healing (MH) in UC under treatment with infliximab (IFX). We revised the MH and TNFα expression before and after IFX treatment in …