tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous interleukin-5 production in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma lines is mediated by constitutively activated Stat3
Authors: Mette Nielsen, Mogens H. Nissen, Jens Gerwien, Mai-Britt Zocca, Helene M. Rasmussen, Koichi Nakajima, Carsten Röpke, Carsten Geisler, Keld Kaltoft, Niels Ødum
Journal: Blood (2002)
THE EVALUATION OF SEVERAL TOPICAL CORTICOSTEROID PREPARATIONS IN THE BLANCHING TEST
Authors: M. F. COLDMAN, L. LOCKERBIE, E. A. LAWS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Summary.— Several commercially available topical corticosteroid products have been evaluated in the blanching test. Fluocinolone acetonide preparations are extremely effective, and the ointment is superior to the other ointment products. Fluocinolone acetonide cream and gel produce a more prolonged effect than other cream products.
Molecular basis of age-dependent gastric inactivation of rhesus rotavirus in the mouse.
Authors: D M Bass, M Baylor, R Broome, H B Greenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Rotavirus requires specific proteolytic activation by trypsin for efficient replication in tissue culture. To observe the nature of intestinal proteolytic activation of rotavirus in vivo, metabolically labeled rhesus rotavirus (RRV) grown in the presence of trypsin inhibitors was administered to adult and 10-d-old suckling mice by gavage. In the adult stomach, vp4 was cleaved in a manner distinct from in vitro trypsin cleavage. In the suckling stomach, RRV vp4 remains largely uncleaved. The alternative cleavage in the adult stomach was associated with a profound decrease in viral infectivity. vp4 from RRV recovered from the suckling small intestinal lumen was cleaved in a pattern similar or identical to in vitro trypsin-activated virus with bands comigrating with vp5* and vp8*. In contrast, vp4 was not observed in any recognizable form in RRV recovered from adult intestines. Comparison of infectivity of virus recovered from suckling and adult intestines revealed a 10,000-fold decrease in titer in the virus recovered from the adult intestine. In vitro digestions of RRV revealed that pepsin digestion can cleave RRV vp4 and markedly enhance acid-induced loss of rotavirus infectivity. Subsequent digestion with chymotrypsin removes most of the pepsin cleavage products of vp4. Virus injected directly into jejunal loops of adult mice and virus administered orally to adult mice pretreated with antiacid drugs retained infectivity. These studies indicate the development of gastric acid and pepsin secretion may be an important host defense factor in rotavirus gastroenteritis.
Tragic Events of April 1996
Authors: Harry J. Driedger
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters6 March 2001Tragic Events of April 1996Harry J. Driedger, MDHarry J. Driedger, MDPortsmouth, OH 45662 (Driedger)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-5-200103060-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Coulehan's review of the mass murder of 35 people in Tasmania(1) is interesting mostly because of what isn't mentioned. We might be more alarmed by the 675 pedestrian deaths, 1010 drownings, or the 41 000 highway deaths that occur annually in the United States.A careful study of history would reveal that disarming the citizens may well result in systematic killing, as Nazi Germany proceeded to do after disarming its people in 1933 through 1938. Reducing Australia's gun deaths from 537 to 327 seems rather insignificant when one considers that 100 million deaths in the past ...Reference1. Coulehan J. The tragic events of April 1996. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:911-3. [PMID: 0010836919] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Harry J. Driedger, MDAffiliations: Portsmouth, OH 45662 (Driedger) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Tragic Events of April 1996 Jack Coulehan Tragic Events of April 1996 Stephen Sandroni Tragic Events of April 1996 Jack Coulehan Tragic Events of April 1996 Kenneth J. Simcic Tragic Events of April 1996 Robert Starkenburg Tragic Events of April 1996 Katherine E. Tiller Metrics 6 March 2001Volume 134, Issue 5Page: 425KeywordsHomicide ePublished: 6 March 2001 Issue Published: 6 March 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine
Authors: Richard J. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1988)

This third edition of what has now become a well-established textbook in cardiovascular medicine is again edited by Dr Eugene Braunwald with the assistance of 65 other authors who read like a Who's Who of American Cardiology. Since the second edition, 12 new chapters have been added or substituted and others have been significantly revised. The first volume includes Part I on "Examination of the Patient" and Part II on "Normal and Abnormal Circulatory Function." The second volume deals with specific diseases. Part III, "Diseases of the Heart, Pericardium and Vascular System," includes new sections on "Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease," "The Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis," and "Interventional Catheterization Techniques." Part IV, "Broader Perspectives on Heart Disease and Cardiologic Practice," includes new chapters on "Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease," "Aging in Cardiac Disease," and "Cost Effective Strategies in Cardiology." The last 200 pages of the book (Part V) are devoted to
PROCEDURE OF ELECTION IN CERTAIN CASES OF ENLARGED PROSTATE.
Authors: JAMES H. DUNN
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The prostatic comes to us under such a variety of conditions as regards himself, his prostate, his bladder and his kidneys as to render any routine plan of treatment, whether palliative or radical, quite manifestly absurd. It is therefore, not altogether surprising that the list of methods and operations more or less lauded for the relief of these sufferers is a very long one, including procedures most ingenious, curious and even parodoxical. Doubtless some of the more indirect methods of proposed relief are more interesting to enthusiastic surgeons sustained by hope and the spirit of discovery than productive of actual relief to humanity. Yet there is little doubt that most of the more than a score of different procedures have some merit in different cases. This profusion of surgical resource; or, if you prefer, this great variability in the<i>tout ensemble</i>of individual cases of prostatism, is exceedingly embarassing, since
The anatomy and pathogenesis of wrinkles
Authors: A.M. KLIGMAN, P. ZHENG, R.M. LAVKER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

The anatomy of linear wrinkles ("crow's feet' and temporal frown lines), fine criss-cross wrinkles of the face and wrinkling of the general body surface of elderly persons, was studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. No histological features distinguished the various wrinkles from surrounding skin. It was concluded that the wrinkle is a configuration change, like the grooves worn into an old glove, without specific structural alterations at the histological level. As regards pathogenesis, the common setting was found to be deterioration of the elastic tissue network. The skin becomes looser, excessive, and loses the ability to snap back to its original state after being deformed.
Adrenal Vein Epinephrine Levels: A Useful Aid in Venous Sampling for Primary Aldosteronism
Authors: Paul D. Levinson, Zvi Zadik, Bruce P. M. Hamilton, James H. Mersey, Robert I. White, A. Avinoam Kowarski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

We evaluated the usefulness of adrenal vein epinephrine levels as an indicator of adrenal venous dilution in seven patients with primary aldosteronism who had venous sampling. In six patients adrenal vein epinephrine levels greater than 1500 pg/mL confirmed that relatively undiluted adrenal efflux had been obtained. In another patient a low value of left adrenal vein epinephrine indicated that the sample was markedly diluted with nonadrenal blood. Measurement of epinephrine levels appears to be a useful tool for verifying successful venous sampling, particularly when cortisol and aldosterone levels from the same adrenal vein are not elevated or when deep adrenal vein cannulation cannot be confirmed radiologically.
Sinistropositio vesicae felleae
Authors: H. Frisius, F.-W. Neubauer, R. Gross, K. Hampel
Journal: Endoscopy (1970)

One case with a left-sided gallbladder without situs inversus is reported. This rare anomaly was detected by laparoscopy. It was overlooked in routine cholecystography unless a strict anterior-posterior projection was employed.
Retinopathy and Risk of Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Tien Y. Wong, Wayne Rosamond, Patricia P. Chang, David J. Couper, A. Richey Sharrett, Larry D. Hubbard, Aaron R. Folsom, Ronald Klein
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Congestive heart failure (CHF) affects a substantial proportion of adults including those without preexisting coronary heart disease. The pathogenesis of CHF is uncertain, but microvascular disease has been hypothesized as a possible factor.To determine the relationship of retinopathy, a marker of systemic microvascular disease, to risk of CHF.Population-based, prospective 7-year cohort study in 4 US communities using the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study database. Participants (n = 11,612, aged 49 to 73 years) had retinal photographs taken between 1993 and 1995. The photographs were graded according to a standardized protocol for the presence of retinopathy (eg, microaneurysms, retinal hemorrhages, soft exudates), arteriovenous nicking, focal arteriolar narrowing, and generalized arteriolar narrowing.Association between retinopathy and incident CHF, identified from hospitalization and death records.The 7-year cumulative incidence of CHF was 5.4% (492 events). Participants with retinopathy had a higher incidence of CHF compared with those without retinopathy (15.1% vs 4.8%, P<.001). After controlling for age, sex, race, preexisting coronary heart disease, mean arterial blood pressure, diabetes, glucose level, cholesterol level, smoking, body mass index, and study site, the presence of retinopathy was associated with a 2-fold higher risk of CHF (relative risk, 1.96; 95% confidence interval, 1.51-2.54). Among participants without preexisting coronary heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension, retinopathy was associated with a 3-fold higher risk of CHF (relative risk, 2.98; 95% confidence interval, 1.50-5.92).Retinopathy is an independent predictor of CHF, even in persons without preexisting coronary heart disease, diabetes, or hypertension. This suggests that microvascular disease may play an important role in the development of heart failure in the general population. Some asymptomatic persons with retinopathy on an ophthalmologic examination may benefit from further assessment of CHF risk.
Subacute Thyroiditis of Aberrant Thyroid Gland
Authors: None Yasuyuki
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have recently had the opportunity to care for a woman with a swelling in the left shoulder whose condition was diagnosed as subacute thyroiditis caused by aberrant thyroid gland. She was also found to have a high level of antithyroid antibodies. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 53-year-old woman had a fever of 38 °C and a swelling in the left shoulder unaccompanied by local fever, pain, or warmth. The walnut-sized swelling was felt lateral to the sternocleidomastoid muscle and inferior to the trapezius muscle. There was a hardened, bilateral swelling of the thyroid gland, which was painful on compression and palpable at its upper edge. Laboratory examination showed substantial acceleration of RBC sedimentation and normal leukocyte counts, with a shift to the left. Results from antithyroglobulin test were negative, but those from antimicrosome test were clearly positive, at 1,600 to 6,400 times by dilution. In light
THE OCCURRENCE OF PEROXIDE IN CULTURES OF PNEUMOCOCCUS
Authors: Oswald T. Avery, Hugh J. Morgan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. Conditions which favor the formation and accumulation of peroxide in broth cultures of pneumococcus are free access of air, and the absence of catalase, peroxidase, and other catalysts capable of decomposing this compound. Under these favorable conditions peroxide becomes demonstrable in the culture fluid during the logarithmic phase of growth and persists for a period of at least 6 to 12 days. 2. In the absence of these favorable conditions the formation of peroxide is inhibited. In a culture with deficient oxygen exposure the accumulation of peroxide is delayed; when anaerobic conditions are maintained the substance is not formed. In the presence of active catalysts, peroxide does not accumulate in the medium in quantities sufficient to give a positive reaction. The accumulation of peroxide in pneumococcus cultures is dependent upon the balance between the amount produced by the microorganisms and the amount destroyed by substances in the medium. 3. The peroxide formed in pneumococcus cultures is unstable. It gradually disappears during prolonged incubation at 37°C.; it is less stable in alkaline than in neutral or acid media. It is destroyed in culture filtrates exposed to the temperature of boiling water for 15 minutes, and to that of steam under pressure (15 pounds) for 10 minutes. 4. Peroxide formation occurred early in broth cultures of the seven strains of pneumococcus and of the six strains of non-hemolytic streptococci studied. Fifteen of twenty-three strains of Streptococcus hæmolyticus and one of three strains of Streptococcus mucosus formed peroxide. In the positively reacting cultures of Streptococcus hæmolyticus and Streptococcus mucosus the presence of peroxide was not demonstrable until the 3rd to 5th day of incubation. Peroxide could not be detected at any time during growth of the two strains of Staphylococcus aureus.
Regulation of Nitric Oxide Production in Human Coronary Microvessels and the Contribution of Local Kinin Formation
Authors: Maryanne R. Kichuk, Nahid Seyedi, Xiaoping Zhang, Charles C. Marboe, Robert E. Michler, Linda J. Addonizio, Gabor Kaley, Alberto Nasjletti, Thomas H. Hintze
Journal: Circulation (1996)

The goal of this study was to define the regulation of nitric oxide release by coronary microvessels from the failing and nonfailing human heart and to determine the role of local kinin production in the elaboration of nitric oxide by human coronary microvascular endothelium.Ten hearts from humans with end-stage heart failure and two hearts from patients without heart failure were harvested at the time of orthotopic cardiac transplantation. Microvessels were sieved and the production of nitrite was determined by the Griess reaction. Microvessels were incubated in the presence of agonists for nitric oxide production (acetylcholine and bradykinin), which caused dose-dependent increases in nitrite, a response that was blocked by NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester and receptor-specific antagonists (atropine and HOE 140, respectively). In addition, the production of nitrite by microvessels from the failing heart appeared to be less than that produced by microvessels from the nonfailing heart. Incubation with norepinephrine or the alpha2-adrenergic agonist BHT 920 also caused dose-dependent increases in nitrite production, which were blocked by the B2-receptor antagonist HOE 140. This implicated local kinin synthesis as an intermediate step in the production of nitric oxide in response to alpha2-adrenoceptor stimulation. The production of nitric oxide was also prevented by the addition of serine protease inhibitors, which blocked the action of local kallikrein, again suggesting a role for local kinin synthesis.Our results indicate that nitric oxide is produced by human coronary microvessels, that nitric oxide production may be reduced but certainly not increased in microvessels from the failing human heart, and that there is active local kinin generation in these blood vessels.
Organophosphate Poisoning From Wearing a Laundered Uniform Previously Contaminated With Parathion
Authors: Nathan J. Clifford
Journal: JAMA (1989)

THE ORGANOPHOSPHATE pesticides came into widespread use because they do not persist in the area of application as do organochlorine pesticides such as dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), which have, to a large extent, been banned in this country. However, the organophosphate compounds are much more toxic acutely to humans, and it is not generally appreciated that organophosphate insecticides may persist for long periods in contaminated clothing or when left in their original containers in small amounts. We recently cared for three patients who worked in the same manufacturing plant, where they developed organophosphate poisoning owing to residual parathion in clothing that remained heavily contaminated despite repeated laundering. <h3>Report of Cases</h3><h3>Case 1. —</h3> A 25-year-old pesticide formulator was admitted to the hospital because of nausea, vomiting, weakness, and sweating. He was well until 4 days before admission, when he accidentally spilled a 76% solution of parathion on his inguinal and scrotal areas,
ss Blockers should be used more widely after myocardial infarction
Authors: A. Brooks
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Many more patients would survive a myocardial infarction if β adrenergic blockers were used more widely, according to American researchers.

Stephen Gottlieb and colleagues from the University of Maryland reviewed 201752 records of patients who had had a myocardial infarction, 34% of whom were prescribed β blockers ( New England Journal of Medicine 1998;339:489-97).

As expected, patients in the study with known contraindications were less likely to be given β blockers–for example, very elderly people or those who have low ventricular ejection …
Tuberculosis Acquired through Ritual Circumcision
Authors: H. Pereira Mendes
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My attention has been drawn to an article with this title inThe Journal, July 12, 1913, p. 99, by Dr. E. Emmett Holt. He concludes his article thus: "While the number of reported instances of tuberculosis acquired through circumcision is considerable, there must be a very much larger number that have never found their way into literature. It is certain also that syphilis has been spread in this manner. These facts lead me to emphasize the statement made by the late Professor Maas, the German surgeon, that 'it is the duty of the physician to raise his protest against the performance of ritualistic circumcision in every case.'" I assume that Dr. Holt does not thus protest against all circumcision, for every physician recognizes its desirability and its necessity in his practice. And I assume that he does not protest against its being regarded by us as
SURVEY OF SPORT PARTICIPATION AND SPORT INJURY IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN
Authors: R Carnduff, B Tan, C McKay, J Kang, P Doyle-Baker, CA Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Participation rates in youth sport in Canada are high. Sport injury epidemiology studies in youth primarily focus on adolescents (ages 13–18). There is a paucity of literature examining sport injury risk in children where injury prevention practices require development and evaluation. Objective To examine sport participation and sport injury rates in elementary school students (ages 9–12). Design Cross-sectional study. Setting A survey was sent home with students in randomly selected Calgary (Canada) elementary schools (grades 4–6). Participants Elementary schools in Calgary (Canada) were randomly selected to participate (N=26 schools). A survey was completed by 540 children and parent/guardian. Risk factor assessment The primary risk factors of interest include age, sport of choice, and time spent participating in sport. Main outcome measures Sport injury was defined as any injury sustained in the previous year that required medical attention. Results Overall, 81% of participants reported participating in sport in the past year. The highest sport-specific participation was reported in soccer (18.9%), swimming (13.5%), and dance (10.8%). The overall injury incidence proportion (IIP) was 28.3 injuries/100 children/year. The medical attention IIP was 9.8 injuries/100 children/year for males and 11.4 injuries/100 children/year for females. The highest IIP for males occurred in soccer (26.0%), cycling (19.5%) and hockey (9.1%). The highest IIP for females occurred in basketball (10.6%), soccer (10.6%), and dance (9.1%). Conclusions The IIP (28.3%) and medical attention IP (10.6%) was lower than previously reported in adolescents (ages 12–18), suggesting less severe injuries in younger children. The greatest burden of sport injury occurred in soccer, cycling, and basketball. This study will inform the development of future targeted interventions within specific sports as well as within school-based curriculums to prevent sport injury in children.
Abstract 2908: Biological evaluation of paclitaxel-peptide conjugates as a model for MMP2-targeted drug delivery
Authors: Roppei Yamada, Shili Xu, Nouri Neamati
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Paclitaxel (PTX) is a highly effective cytotoxic agent widely used for the treatment of several solid tumors. However, PTX shows dose-limiting cytotoxicity and in most cases induces drug resistance followed by failure in treatment. To enhance the therapeutic index of a given drug, various drug delivery methods have been explored to systemically deliver sufficient amount of the drug to the desired site. In the present study, we designed and synthesized two PTX prodrugs by conjugating PTX at different sites with an octapeptide (AcGpLGIaGQ) that can be cleaved by MMP2 at tumor sites. As a result, PTX is expected to be released at the tumor sites, absorbed by the tumor cells, and thereby inhibit the tumor growth. We evaluated the in vitro activities of the two drugs in a panel of drug-sensitive and -resistant cancer cell lines and their in vivo efficacies in a HT1080 fibrosarcoma mouse xenograft model that overexpresses MMP2. Our in vitro results showed that the PTX-AcGpLGIaGQ conjugates inhibited cancer cell proliferation with higher activity compared to that observed for free PTX, both of which were mediated by an arrest of G2/M-phase of the cell cycle. Consistent with the in vitro results, treatment with PTX-octapeptide conjugate resulted in extensive areas of necrosis and a lower percentage of proliferating cells in xenograft tumor sections. Together, our results indicate the potential of the tumor-targeted delivery of PTX to exploit the specific recognition of MMP2, reduce toxicity, and selectively kill tumor cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2908. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2908