tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating left ventricular vs. biventricular pacing in heart failure: effect on all‐cause mortality and hospitalizations
Authors: Giuseppe Boriani, Beatrice Gardini, Igor Diemberger, Maria Letizia Bacchi Reggiani, Mauro Biffi, Cristian Martignani, Matteo Ziacchi, Cinzia Valzania, Maurizio Gasparini, Luigi Padeletti, Angelo Branzi
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
The rat hepatocyte plasma membrane organic anion binding protein is immunologically related to the mitochondrial F1 adenosine triphosphatase beta-subunit.
Authors: T Goeser, R Nakata, L F Braly, A Sosiak, C G Campbell, R Dermietzel, P M Novikoff, R J Stockert, R D Burk, A W Wolkoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

A 55-kD organic anion binding protein (OABP) was identified previously in liver cell plasma membrane sinusoidal subfractions. Although this protein was localized to the surface of hepatocytes by immunofluorescence, immunoblot analysis revealed reactivity toward both plasma membrane and mitochondrial fractions. To clarify these findings, an immunoreactive clone from a rat liver cDNA expression library was isolated, the 1,500-base pair cDNA insert was sequenced, and the corresponding beta-galactosidase fusion protein was expressed and purified. The resulting sequence corresponded to that of the rat mitochondrial F1-adenosine triphosphatase (F1-ATPase) beta-subunit. This protein and OABP are of similar size and are mutually immunologically cross-reactive. That the antigen was present on the cell surface as well as in mitochondria was suggested from studies of immunoprecipitation after cell-surface iodination, and light- and electron-microscopic immunocytochemistry. Photoaffinity labeling of bovine F1-ATPase with high-specific-activity [35S]sulfobromophthalein revealed binding only to the beta-subunit. Hepatocyte uptake of bilirubin and sulfobromophthalein requires cellular ATP and mitochondria also transport these organic anions, which at high doses inhibit respiration. The presence of an organic anion binding site on the F1-ATPase beta-subunit suggests that it may play a role in these processes.
The MRCGP examination and accident and emergency departments
Authors: J. Coals
Journal: BMJ (1983)

SIR,-We have recently completed a survey of chronic leg ulcers in the Lothian and Forth Valley areas.We have identified 1690 patients with this condition, of whom 68 O were being managed entirely in the community by district nurses and general practitioners.We shall be reporting this study shortly.Our purpose in writing at this early stage is to express our concern that the survey has engendered with regard to serious inadequacies in the Drug
Shame: the elephant in the room
Authors: F. Davidoff
Journal: BMJ (2002)

In the 1960s the results of a large randomised controlled study by the University Group Diabetes Program showed that tolbutamide, virtually the only blood sugar lowering agent available at the time in pill form, was associated with a significant increase in mortality in patients who developed myocardial infarction. The obvious response from the medical profession should have been gratitude: here was an important way to improve the safety of clinical practice. But in fact the response was doubt, outrage, even legal proceedings against the investigators; the controversy went on for years. Why?

An important clue surfaced at the annual meeting of the American Diabetes Association soon after the study was published. During the discussion a practitioner stood up and said he simply could not, and would not, accept the findings, because admitting to his patients that he had been using an unsafe treatment would shame him in their eyes. Other examples of such reactions to improvement efforts are not hard to find.1 Indeed, it is arguable that shame is the universal dark side of improvement. After all, …
Does Delayed Childbearing Increase Risk?
Authors: Frederick D. Bartholomew, Nelson B. Isada, Mark I. Evans
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The findings by Cnattingius et al<sup>1</sup>of increased risks of adverse perinatal outcomes with advancing maternal age in a population-based study of Swedish nulliparous women contrast with the results of our hospital-based study in the United States.<sup>2</sup>The authors suggest that our findings are only characteristic of the population we studied, but that their results have ramifications for the United States. We take issue with this suggestion as there may be important cross-national differences that bear on the contrasting findings. Our study population comprised private patients who were predominantly white, married, college-educated, nonsmoking, and healthy. While we emphasized that our findings may not be generalizable to other sociodemographic groups, we also noted that this study population probably typifies urban women in the United States who postpone childbearing. According to a recent national report,<sup>3</sup>49% of nulliparous women 30 years or older were college graduates.
Abstract 5366: Mutation signature of TP53 gene in H. pylori-associated inflamed gastric mucosa during gastric carcinogenesis
Authors: Takahiro Shimizu, Hiroyuki Marusawa, Tsutomu Chiba
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and the resultant chronic gastric inflammation is an important etiologic factor for gastric cancer development. To explore the genetic basis of gastric cancer that develops in inflamed gastric mucosa, we investigated genetic aberrations that latently accumulate in non-tumorous gastric epithelium with H. pylori infection. Whole exome sequencing on gastric cancer, non-cancerous gastritis tissues and peripheral lymphocytes of 5 patients revealed that somatic mutations accumulated in various genes in inflamed gastric tissues. Additional deep sequencing analyses of selected tumor-related genes in 34 gastritis mucosa samples from patients with, or without, gastric cancer revealed non-synonymous low-abundance mutations in TP53 in 15 cases (44.1%) and ARID1A in 5 cases (14.7%). The mutation signature of whole exome sequences in gastric cancer genomes as well as low-abundance TP53 mutations latently accumulated in H. pylori-inflamed gastritis mucosa were predominantly biased to C:G&amp;gt;T:A transitions in the context of GpCpX motifs, the typical footprints of cytidine deamination triggered by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). In vivo studies with a human TP53 knock-in mouse model revealed that constitutive AID expression in the gastric mucosa caused the emergence of human TP53 mutations at the amino acid positions identical to those detected in human gastric cancers. These findings provide novel evidence that somatic mutations latently accumulated in various genes in inflamed gastric mucosa with H. pylori infection, and cytidine deaminase activity might provide a putative genetic basis for the increased susceptibility to gastric carcinogenesis in patients with H. pylori infection. Citation Format: Takahiro Shimizu, Hiroyuki Marusawa, Tsutomu Chiba. Mutation signature of TP53 gene in H. pylori-associated inflamed gastric mucosa during gastric carcinogenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5366. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5366
Gangrene of Lower Extremity Secondary to Extensive Venous Occlusion
Authors: JAMES V. ROSS, ARCHIE H. BAGGENSTOSS, JOHN L. JUERGENS
Journal: Circulation (1961)

G ANGRENE of an extremity caused by venous occlusion without associated arterial occlusion is uncommon.Haimovicil noted that Fabricus Hildanus, in 1593, apparently recognized the possibility of gangrene of ve- nous origin; it was not until 1859, however, that Heuter2 reported a case, giving an excellent account of the clinical and pathologic criteria of this type of gangrene.Gregoire,3 in 1938, coined the term "phlegmasia cerulea dolens" to denote extensive venous occlusion that is characterized by cyanosis, ischemia, woody edema, violaceous discoloration, ecehy- mosis, and transient loss or reduction of arte- rial pulsations.Like Tremolieres and Wran,4 who described this condition in 1929, Gregoire attributed the ischemia to secondary arterio- spasm.Buerger,5 in a book published in 1924, men- tioned only that complete obstruction of the chief veins of a part without occlusion of the arteries, may also lead to gangrene, although this is of rare occurrence.It was not until 1938 that Tilley6 made the first report of this condition in the American literature; in the same year, Pringle7 documented the first two cases in the English literature.In Tilley 's three cases, clinical data are lacking, but care- ful dissection of the amputated limbs revealed "obstruction of all the veins; the arteries were grossly normal and no obstruction could be demonstrated."Ten years later, Haimovici and Suffness8 reported a fourth case in the American literature and again brought the clinicopathologic characteristics to the attention of physicians in the United States.Although sporadic re- ports of phlegmasia cerulea dolens have ap-
Regulation of de novo purine synthesis in human bone marrow mononuclear cells by hypoxanthine.
Authors: M E King, J M Honeysett, S B Howell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

In previous studies from this laboratory, human bone marrow hypoxanthine concentrations were found to average 7.1 microM, three times higher than plasma hypoxanthine concentrations measured simultaneously. To assess the significance of this finding, the relationship between hypoxanthine concentration and the rate of purine nucleotide synthesis by the de novo pathway was studied in normal human bone marrow mononuclear cells and in the human promyelocytic cell line, HL-60, in vitro. Utilizing a [14C]formate incorporation technique, rates of total cellular de novo purine synthesis as well as rates of de novo adenine, de novo guanine, and thymine synthesis and incorporation into RNA and DNA were measured as a function of hypoxanthine concentration. In normal human marrow cells, the rate of total de novo purine synthesis declined by 81%, while the rate of de novo adenine and de novo guanine synthesis and incorporation into macromolecules declined by 89 and 75%, respectively, when media hypoxanthine was increased from 0 to 10 microM. Similar results were seen in the HL-60 cell line. In contrast, rates of thymine synthesis and incorporation into DNA as well as overall rates of RNA and DNA synthesis did not change with varying media hypoxanthine concentrations. In addition, hypoxanthine salvage and incorporation into RNA and DNA was shown to progressively increase with increasing media hypoxanthine concentrations. These results indicate that physiologic concentrations of hypoxanthine are sufficient to regulate the rate of de novo purine synthesis in human bone marrow in vivo.
445 INFLUENCE OF REPLACEMENT OF CALCINEURIN- INHIBITOR IMMUNOSUPPRESSORS TO RAPAMYCIN ON HCV VIRAL LOAD AND SERUM TRANSAMINASES LEVEL IN HCV LIVER TRANSPLANT PATIENTS
Authors: R. Bárcena, C. Teruel, E. Garrido, C. Blesa, J. Graus, J. Nuño, A. Moreno, M.L. Mateos, S. del Campo
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Metastatic Small Cell Carcinoma to the Thyroid Gland: a Pathologic and Molecular Study Demonstrating the Origin in the Urinary Bladder
Authors: Soraya Puente, Ana Velasco, Pilar Gallel, Judit Pallares, Luis Perez-Ruiz, Susana Ros, Javier Maravall, Xavier Matias-Guiu
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2008)
The doctor in Germany's health insurance system
Authors: E. Fromm
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Relatives demand answers on care at Mid Staffordshire
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Relatives of patients who died or suffered poor care at Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust handed over their evidence to officials at the office of the health minister, Andy Burnham, in London on Tuesday 2 February.

The group, who call themselves Cure the NHS, also met with the Conservative shadow health minister, Stephen O’Brien, who has promised a full public …
TRADITIONAL TREATMENT OF LEPROSY IN JAPAN AND CHINA.
Authors: ALBERT S. ASHMEAD
Journal: JAMA (1894)

"Kattai no kasa urami."—urayami—(the leper's envy of a syphilitic.)—<i>Japanese Proverb</i>. There is a Japanese treatise on syphilis and leprosy published by Katakara Genshiu, Tokio, 1781, on which I wish to make a few observations. The preface of this book also alludes to the oft-quoted anecdote which seems to imply that leprosy existed at the time of Confucius. It is said that one of the great man's disciples being ill,'his master went to see him, but staid outside and contented himself with shaking hands through the window casement, expressing his regret that his friend should have "that hateful disease." It is generally supposed that he meant leprosy. The preface of our book approves the cautious conduct of the master. "For, it is said, in later times special hospitals and houses were erected for lepers, so that their disease might not be mixed with other maladies." (The work on syphilis has a
Surgeons should beware of plans to print individual performance
Authors: N. Pace
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Before the NHS proceeds much further with the idea of publishing details of the performance of individual surgeons,1 note ought to be taken of experience in the United States, the country with most experience in the public release of such data. The main consequence will be a reluctance to treat riskier patients.

Since 1992 Pennsylvania has published a consumer guide to coronary artery bypass surgery; this lists annual …
Leukotriene production in human neutrophils primed by recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and stimulated with the complement component C5A and FMLP as second signals.
Authors: C A Dahinden, J Zingg, F E Maly, A L de Weck
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Neutrophils (PMN) preincubated with recombinant human granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) for 2 h and then stimulated with the chemotactic factors, C5a or FMLP, produce substantial amounts of the lipoxygenase products 5-Hete, LTB4, and omega-oxidised LTB4 metabolites (4.36 +/- 0.95 (SEM) pM (n = 21) LTB4 and LTB4 metabolites/10(6) PMN). No lipoxygenase metabolites are detected by HPLC and RIA if purified PMN are stimulated by either GM-CSF or chemotactic factors in the absence of exogenous arachidonate. The priming effect of GM-CSF upon chemotactic factor induced generation of lipid mediators is a relatively slow process, clearly evident after 1 h and optimal after 2 h. Leukotriene generation is measurable with 0.8 U GM-CSF/10(6) PMN and is maximal with 80 U (10(-11)-10(-9) M). Upon activation of primed PMN with chemotactic factors, leukotriene synthesis is induced very rapidly. Already 2.5 min after activation the major lipoxygenase metabolites present are 20-OH LTB4 and 20-COOH LTB4. Our study shows that the synthesis of lipoxygenase metabolites from endogeneous AA can be initiated in PMN through receptor mediated processes by the appropriately timed combination of biological soluble inflammatory mediator peptides. Furthermore, these results indicate that GM-CSF not only enhances effector cell functions but can qualitatively change the mediator profile formed after activation with a second triggering signal. Such a mechanism might be important in amplifying inflammatory responses. Alternatively, lipid mediators formed might also have an intracellular or autocoid role and be responsible for the enhancement of other PMN functions like oxygen radical release.
TCT-228 Does intracoronary administration of metabolic cytoportector Mexicor during rescue PCI limit reperfusion injury of the myocardium in patients with AMI.
Authors: David G. Iosseliani, Dmitriy Gromov, Anton G. Koledinskiy, Nataliya Kuchkina, Asadov Dzhamil, Oleg E. Sukhorukov, Pavel Vasiliev
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Long-term continuous intraperitoneal insulin treatment in brittle diabetes.
Authors: G Pozza, D Spotti, P Micossi, M Cristallo, M Melandri, P M Piatti, L D Monti, A E Pontiroli
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Attempts to achieve a fair metabolic equilibrium in a young woman with brittle diabetes by continuous subcutaneous, intramuscular, and continuous intravenous administration of insulin were unsuccessful. Continuous intraperitoneal administration of insulin through a permanently inserted polyethylene catheter connected to an open-loop peristaltic pump led to an appreciable improvement in mean blood glucose concentration, mean amplitude of glycaemic excursions, and M value and to normalisation of intermediate metabolic products. The peritoneal catheter was well tolerated for over 120 days without appreciable adverse effects. This case suggests that long-term intraperitoneal administration of insulin is a feasible therapeutic approach in the management of brittle diabetes.
Concomitant analysis of EZH2 and ASXL1 mutations in myelofibrosis, chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasms
Authors: O Abdel-Wahab, A Pardanani, J Patel, M Wadleigh, T Lasho, A Heguy, M Beran, D G Gilliland, R L Levine, A Tefferi
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
Abstract 1113: TGFβ pathway activation limits hematopoietic recovery from chemotherapy
Authors: Fabienne Brenet, Joseph M. Scandura
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are capable of self-renewal and govern the long-term repopulation of all cell types of the blooding forming system. During normal hematopoiesis, there is a tight balance maintained between HSC self-renewal and differentiation. This balance is partially regulated through cell cycle regulators such as cyclin-dependent-kinases (CDKs) and CDK inhibitors (CKDIs); crucial positive and negative regulators of cell-cycle progression. We previously identified the CDKI p57Kip2 (Cdkn1c, p57) as an early transcriptional target of the tumor suppressor TGFβ that is required for TGFβ-induced cytostasis of human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor/stem cells; functions that provide a mechanistic basis for its expression being silenced in many aggressive human myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. P57 is essential during late embryogenesis, functioning in tissue-specific developmental programs to coordinate proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. We, and others, have found that p57 is highly expressed in deeply quiescent HSCs yet no role for p57 in hematopoiesis has been assigned. Utilizing a murine p57 knockout (KO) model, we studied the function of p57 in steady-state and stress hematopoiesis. Using limiting-dilution and competitive repopulation HSC assays, we found fewer long-term HSCs in the fetal liver of p57-KO animals demonstrating a role for p57 in HSCs development. In adult hematopoiesis, we found that p57 restrains the hematopoietic response to stresses imposed by serial-HSCs transplantation, hemolysis or myelotoxic chemotherapy. As a consequence, animal with p57-KO hematopoiesis tolerate higher doses of chemotherapeutics due to their more robust recovery from chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. Using phospho-specific SMAD2 antibodies we found that the TGFβ pathway is activated in immature hematopoietic cells, in vivo, following chemotherapy-induced hematopoietic stress. Normally this promotes p57-induced cytostasis but p57-KO HSCs escape this restraint. We used 9-color flow cytometry to investigate how p57 affects hematopoietic recovery in long-term HSCs (LKSCD34- Flk2-), short-term HSCs (LKSCD34+ Flk2-), multipotent progenitors (LKSCD34+ Flk2+), common myeloid progenitors (LKSca-CD34+ FcRlo), granulocyte-monocyte progenitors (LKSca- CD34+ FcR+) and megakaryocyte erythroid progenitors (LKSca- CD34- FcR-). These results show that the most deeply quiescent HSCs undergo more robust self-renewal during stress in the absence of p57. Our results suggest that myelotoxic chemotherapy blockade of TGFβ-induced cytostasis, normally mediated by p57, could be used to limit chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1113. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1113
INDUSTRIAL POISONING FROM LOW CONCENTRATIONS OF CHLORINE GAS
Authors: Carey P. McCord
Journal: JAMA (1926)

The recent advocacy of chlorine in the treatment of respiratory infections has tended to create the belief that industrial poisoning from low concentrations of this gas is improbable. The concentration of chlorine recommended for therapeutic purposes approximates 0.015 mg. per liter of air. This concentration is fairly close to that present in the bleach rooms in paper mills, laundries and textile mills. Barring accidents, it is believed that chlorine concentrations in such industries range downward from 0.03 mg. per liter of air. Apart from minor inconveniences, such low concentrations will not produce any acute harmful effects. When, however, exposure is continued over a period of years, an occasional worker may be expected to become severely harmed. Such an instance is cited below. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —L. R., white laborer, began employment in a paper mill in 1920. His work, family and personal history up to that time were without
Medical care continues to be important for health
Authors: G. Godber
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Dying for palliatve care General practitioners have a crucial role EDrTOR,-The anonymous diary of a surgeon's death arouses compassion but also suggests that the general practitioner, who has a crucial role in palliative care, played a small part.'The general practitioner made a referral to hospital in August 1993 but seems to have had no part in the first two admissions, the decision to go to South Africa, or the subsequent hospital based treatment in March 1994 after the diagnosis of leukaemia.Serious difficulties in communication and considerable distress are described, but all we are told is that, three days after discharge from hospital, on 12 July, "Our GP called: asked for the third time