tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PERSONALITY CHANGES AND UPHEAVALS ARISING OUT OF THE SENSE OF PERSONAL FAILURE
Authors: A. T. Boisen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1926)

The symptoms of a neurosis are not merely the result of past causes. . . . . They are also attempts at a new synthesis of life. . . . . I have seen more than one man who owed his entire usefulness and justification for existence to a neurosis which put an end to all the stupidities which were dominating his life and forced him into an existence which developed the truly valuable qualities which would have been choked out if the neurosis with its iron talons had not taken the fellow and plunked him down in the place where he belonged. There are men who have in their unconscious the true meaning of their lives and in the conscious that which is for them error and seduction. With others it is just the reverse. In the one case the neurosis means a thoroughgoing reduction or regression, in the other not at all.
JAML, a novel protein with characteristics of a junctional adhesion molecule, is induced during differentiation of myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Christel Moog-Lutz, Florence Cavé-Riant, Florence C. Guibal, Marie A. Breau, Yolande Di Gioia, Pierre Olivier Couraud, Yvon E. Cayre, Sandrine Bourdoulous, Pierre G. Lutz
Journal: Blood (2003)
The Search for a Magic Bullet to Fight Sepsis
Authors: Roger C. Bone
Journal: JAMA (1993)

Recently, excitement among the clinical researchers trying to identify additional treatments for sepsis and its associated disorders reached a fever pitch after the publication of two controlled, multicenter clinical trials of monoclonal antibodies against endotoxin. The results of these trials indicated that these antibodies could improve survival in some subgroups of patients suspected of having gram-negative sepsis.<sup>1,2</sup> See also p 2221. These trials followed an earlier study that showed that antisera from volunteers injected with the J5<i>Escherichia coli</i>mutant could improve survival in patients with gram-negative sepsis.<sup>3</sup>Because of these studies, it was widely perceived that Food and Drug Administration approval of one or both of these antibodies would be imminent following publication of the controlled clinical trial results. Clinicians and clinical investigators attempted to develop guidelines for the appropriate use of these therapies—albeit among patients most likely to benefit—so that if approved, they would be used
Sputum and bronchial submucosal IL-13 expression in asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis
Authors: Mike A. Berry, Deborah Parker, Natalie Neale, Lucy Woodman, Angela Morgan, Phillip Monk, Peter Bradding, Andrew J. Wardlaw, Ian D. Pavord, Christopher E. Brightling
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Re: Nicolas Mottet, Joaquim Bellmunt, Michel Bolla, et al. EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Advanced, Relapsing, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol 2011;59:572–83
Authors: Stefano Fanti, Bernd Krause, Wolfgang Weber, Paolo Castellucci, Anca-Licia Grosu, Igle J. de Jong, Cristina Messa, Maria Picchio, Jan Pruim, Werner Langsteger, Arturo Chiti
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Abnormal Purine Metabolism and Purine Overproduction in a Patient Deficient in Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase
Authors: Amos Cohen, Deborah Doyle, David W. Martin, Arthur J. Ammann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

To delineate the normal function of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and to understand the pathogenesis of the immune dysfunction associated with deficiency of this enzyme, we studied purine metabolism in a patient deficient in purine nucleoside phosphorylase, her erythrocytes and cultured fibroblasts. She exhibited severe hypouricemia and hypouricosuria but excreted excessive amounts of purines in her urine, the major components of which were inosine and guanosine. Her urine also contained deoxyinosine, deoxyguanosine and uric acid 9-N riboside. The patient's erythrocytes but not her cultured fibroblasts contained increased concentrations of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate and inosine. The metabolic abnormalities resembled those in the erythrocytes of patients with the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome. Purine nucleoside phosphorylase is a necessary component of the major, if not the sole, pathway for the conversion of purine nucleosides and nucleoides to uric acid. The increased intracellular concentrations of inosine may, by inhibiting adenosine deaminase, be related to the immunologic dysfunction. (N Engl J Med 295:1449–1454, 1976)
EVALUATION OF 99mTc PYROPHOSPHATE TO DIAGNOSE ACUTE CARDIAC REJECTION IN THE RAT WITH STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF CYCLOSPORINE
Authors: Christoper G.A. McGregor, Rudolph Hatz, Salim Aziz, Margaret E. Billingham, I. Ross McDougall
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Uptake of 99mTc pyrophosphate (PYP) has been shown to be a sensitive and specific indicator of ischemia myocardial injury. We investigated the uptake of 99mTc PYP during acute cardiac rejection in an experimental model of heterotopic transplantation in the rat. The model allowed comparison of uptake of PYP between the transplanted and the recipient's native heart, and the results were corrected for weight and expressed as a ratio: Transplanted/Native. Four groups of ratio were studied: Group 1 (N = 6) was between animals of isogeneic strain and the ratio of uptake was 1.85 ± 0.9 (M ± SD) which was significantly different from the ratio of 3.23 ± 0.96 in Group 2 (N = 11) in which transplants were between non-isogeneic animals (P<0.01). Group 3 (N = 7) were non-isogeneic animals treated with Cyclosporine 10 mg/Kg/day and the ratio 2.14 ± 0.5 was not different from Group 1, but was statistically different from Group 2 (P< 0.01). In contrast the ratio of uptake between non-isogeneic animals treated with subtherapeutic doses of Cyclosporine (1mg/Kg/day) Group 4 (N = 4) was 2.81 ± 0.6 which was not different from Group 2. In groups 1, 2 and 3 there was correlation between the histology of the transplanted hearts graded 1 to 5 blindly according to the severity of rejection and the uptake of 99mTc PYP. 99mTc PYP can therefore be used to diagnose cardiac rejection in a rat model, and the results correlate well with the severity of rejection as assessed histologically.
Effect of theophylline and enprofylline on bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Authors: G H Koeter, J Kraan, M Boorsma, J H Jonkman, T W van der Mark
Journal: Thorax (1989)

The effect of increasing intravenous doses of theophylline and enprofylline, a new xanthine derivative, on bronchial responsiveness to methacholine was studied in eight asthmatic patients. Methacholine provocations were carried out on three days before and after increasing doses of theophylline, enprofylline, and placebo, a double blind study design being used. Methacholine responsiveness was determined as the provocative concentration of methacholine causing a fall of 20% in FEV1 (PC20). The patients were characterised pharmacokinetically before the main study to provide an individual dosage scheme for each patient that would provide rapid steady state plasma concentration plateaus of 5, 10, and 15 mg/l for theophylline and 1.25, 2.5, and 3.75 mg/l for enprofylline. Dose increments in the main study were given at 90 minute intervals. FEV1 showed a small progressive decrease after placebo; it remained high in relation to placebo after both drugs and this effect was dose related. Methacholine PC20 values decreased after placebo; mean values were higher after theophylline and enprofylline than after placebo (maximum difference 2.0 and 1.7 doubling doses of methacholine); the effect of both drugs were dose related. Thus enprofylline and theophylline when given intravenously cause a small dose related increase in FEV1 and methacholine PC20 when compared with placebo.
The roles of blood-derived macrophages and resident microglia in the neuroinflammatory response to implanted Intracortical microelectrodes
Authors: Madhumitha Ravikumar, Smrithi Sunil, James Black, Deborah S. Barkauskas, Alex Y. Haung, Robert H. Miller, Stephen M. Selkirk, Jeffrey R. Capadona
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
A Rapid and Quantitative Assay for Measuring Neighboring Gene Activation by Vector Proviruses
Authors: Paul C Hendrie, Yunwen Huo, Raisa B Stolitenko, David W Russell
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

A simple, quantitative assay for measuring the oncogenic potential of integrating vectors is needed in order to improve vector design and safety. In this study, we have developed a transient plasmid-based assay to measure the activation of a reporter gene by an adjacent vector provirus. Plasmid pACT contains a luciferase cassette driven by a minimal, enhancerless promoter, into which vector proviruses are inserted upstream for evaluation by luciferase assays and northern blots. In a comparison of analogous vectors based on murine leukemia virus (MLV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and foamy virus (FV), we observed significant enhancer activity and read-through transcription from MLV proviruses, and significant read-through transcription from HIV proviruses. HIV and FV proviruses containing an internal MLV long-terminal repeat (LTR) promoter also had significant enhancer activity, which was not observed with an internal promoter from the murine phosphoglycerate kinase-1 gene, PGK. These results demonstrate that neighboring gene activation can be limited by using internal promoter(s) lacking enhancer activity, especially when present in an FV vector backbone that prevents read-through transcription. Although the pACT assay does not measure oncogenesis directly, it should be useful for screening vectors before more time-consuming and costly animal studies are undertaken.
Trials for vCJD treatment held up because of disagreements
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Two years after the government announced urgent action to investigate possible treatments for variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD), trials are still being held up because experts are unable to agree which drugs should be studied.

Professor Iain Chalmers, who heads the steering committee appointed to design the clinical trials, has told the patients' families to complain to their MPs about the delay. At a meeting of the CJD Support Network two weeks ago, Professor Chalmers said: “Families of patients who have suffered or are suffering from …
469 LONG-TERM ANALYSIS OF DROPOUT TIMES AND POST-TRANSPLANT SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA DOWNSTAGED BY TRANSARTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
Authors: J.W. Jang, C.R. You, C.W. Kim, S.H. Bae, S.K. Yoon, J.Y. Han, J.M. Yang, C.D. Lee, Y.S. Lee, J.Y. Choi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Apoptosis Regulates ipRGC Spacing Necessary for Rods and Cones to Drive Circadian Photoentrainment
Authors: Shih-Kuo Chen, Kylie S. Chew, David S. McNeill, Patrick W. Keeley, Jennifer L. Ecker, Buqing Q. Mao, Johan Pahlberg, Bright Kim, Sammy C.S. Lee, Michael A. Fox, William Guido, Kwoon Y. Wong, Alapakkam P. Sampath, Benjamin E. Reese, Rejji Kuruvilla, Samer Hattar
Journal: Neuron (2013)
Quantitative measurement of iron stores with diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid
Authors: M. Barry, G. Cartei, S. Sherlock
Journal: Gut (1970)

The use of the chelating agent diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (DTPA) for measuring body storage iron was investigated in patients with iron excess whose stores could be determined by venesection. Iron excretion after DTPA bore a close semi-logarithmic relationship to body iron stores when these were increased. The excretion of DTPA-bound (59)Fe was similarly related to the size of the stores, indicating that the increased iron excretion produced by DTPA in iron overload states reflects both increased tissue iron available for chelation and greater stability of the iron-chelate complex. Evidence was obtained that injected (59)Fe-DTPA could be used as a marker for chelated tissue iron enabling the DTPA-chelatable body iron pool to be calculated. There was a highly significant correlation between DTPA-chelatable iron and body storage iron. The regression intercept approximated to the origin, implying a specific relation between the DTPA effect and storage iron. The SE of the mean estimate for storage iron on DTPA-chelatable iron was 0.25 g (5.6%). Mean storage iron values of 392 mg for males and 243 mg for females were predicted from the findings in control subjects.
Abstract 4445: Pegylated arginine deiminase induces mitochondrial apoptosis and synergizes with cisplatin in ASS1-negative malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Barbara Delage, Claude Chelala, Alex Chacko, Puthen V. Jithesh, Dean A. Fennell, Nicholas R. Lemoine, Peter W. Szlosarek
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We have explored the role of pegylated arginine deiminase (ADI-PEG20), an arginine catabolizing enzyme, in argininosuccinate synthetase 1 (ASS1)-negative malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). MPM is a chemorefractory disease, increasing worldwide, with a median survival of less than 1 year. Novel treatments are urgently required. MPM tumors, lacking ASS1, are auxotrophic for arginine and therefore sensitive to arginine depletion driven by ADI-PEG20. First we assessed the impact of ADI-PEG20 on global gene expression to identify novel interacting pathways in the ASS1-negative MPM cell line, JU77, using the human genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array from Affymetrix combined with bioinformatic analysis. Next, three ASS1-negative MPM cell lines (MSTO-211H, 2591 and JU77) were treated in triplicate with different fixed ratios of ADI-PEG20 and cisplatin. Cellular viability was determined 6 days post-treatment by MTS colorimetric assay. Apoptosis protein induction by ADI-PEG20 and platinum, alone and in combination, was measured by western blot after mitochondrial and cytosolic fractionation. Drug interactions were analyzed using the isobologram method of Chou and Talalay. ADI-PEG20 modulated several thousand genes involved in cell cycle, DNA damage, immune, and inflammatory pathways in the ASS1-negative JU77 MPM cell line by 24hrs of drug treatment. In contrast, stable transfection of ASS1 cDNA in ASS1-negative MPM cell lines resulted in resistance to ADI-PEG20 with minimal evidence of gene modulation by 24hr of drug treatment as assessed in the JU77 MPM cell line. ADI-PEG20 triggered mitochondria-dependent apoptosis as evidenced by Smac release from mitochondria into the cytosol of ASS1-negative MPM cell lines. We confirmed that arginine depletion by ADI-PEG20 altered the mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway and led to dephosphorylation of the translation regulation proteins S6K and E4-BP1. The expression of cell cycle regulating proteins p21 and cyclin D1 was decreased by arginine depletion, alone and in combination with cisplatin. The enhancement of cisplatin cytotoxicity by ADI-PEG20 with loss of ASS1-negative MPM cell viability as early as 24hr post treatment, supports the demonstrated strong synergy between the two drugs. In summary, the antitumor effect of platinum was potentiated markedly using ADI-PEG20, suggesting that combining arginine depletion with the current standard of care, platinum and antifolates, may offer an improvement over doublet chemotherapy alone. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4445.
Nodular Nongranulomatous Vasculitis of the Lung Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT
Authors: Giorgio Treglia, Angela Collarino, Mariaelena Lago, Guido Rindi, Alessandro Giordano
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

We report a case of a nodular nongranulomatous vasculitis of the lung detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT. A 51-year-old woman with fever of unknown origin underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT, which showed multiple and bilateral pulmonary nodules at CT scan with increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the largest one (20 mm in diameter). On the basis of the PET/CT findings, the patient was referred for excisional biopsy of the largest pulmonary nodules suspicious for neoplastic disease. Histological examination demonstrated the presence of an obliterative vasculitis with interstitial pulmonary perivascular inflammation.
RHINOSCLEROMA SUCCESSFULLY TREATED WITH STREPTOMYCIN
Authors: Daniel A. Russell
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Rhinoscleroma is not a common disease in the United States, but its study is of interest, since it is a serious progressive infection of disputed etiology. Rhinoscleroma is widespread throughout Europe,<sup>1</sup>Asia,<sup>1b</sup>and Hawaii.<sup>2</sup>The condition is said to be commonest in Central America.<sup>3</sup>In the United States and Canada 102 cases had been reported by 1942; only 16 of the patients were native born.<sup>4</sup> Rhinoscleroma begins as a nasal catarrh, sometimes with a foul odor, and gradually progresses to a stage characterized by cartilage-like nodules that tend to occlude the nasal passages. Since Frisch<sup>5</sup>in 1882 described an encapsulated gram-negative rod as the main cause of rhinoscleroma, there has been much discussion as to the actual significance of the organism. It has been impossible to fulfil Koch's postulates because the Frisch bacillus (now called Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis) has not produced rhinoscleroma when inoculated into
Effects of propranolol on gastric microcirculation and acid secretion in portal hypertensive rats
Authors: Josep M. Piqué, Pilar Pizcueta, ROSA M. Pérez Ayuso, Jaime Bosch
Journal: Hepatology (1990)

Rats with chronic portal hypertension have an increased gastric mucosal blood flow and an impaired acid secretory response to pentagastrin stimulation. This study investigated the effects of propranolol, a drug widely used in the treatment of portal hypertension, on gastric mucosal blood flow and acid secretion in portal hypertensive rats with partial portal vein occlusion. In study I, gastric mucosal blood flow, measured by hydrogen gas clearance, and acid output were determined in basal conditions and after the administration of propranolol (0.3 mg/kg/min) or vehicle infusion in portal hypertensive and sham-operated rats. Gastric mucosal blood flow was significantly higher (p &lt; 0.005) in portal hypertensive rats than in sham-operated rats, and it was significantly reduced (p &lt; 0.05) after propranolol infusion in portal hypertensive rats (39 ± 2 vs. 35 ± 3 ml/min/100 gm). Basal acid output was not significantly modified with propranolol infusion, either in portal hypertensive or sham-operated animals. In study II, acid output was measured in portal hypertensive rats in basal conditions, during pentagastrin (20 μ/kg/hr) infusion and after the combined infusion of pentagastrin and propranolol (or vehicle). Pentagastrin infusion significantly increased (p &lt; 0.001) acid output, but propranolol did not modify stimulated gastric acid secretion. In conclusion, propranolol induced a slight but significant reduction in gastric mucosal blood flow and did not change basal or stimulated gastric acid secretion. (Hepatology 1990;12:476-480).
A Clinical Lecture ON THE SURGERY OF THE ABDOMINAL WALL: Delivered at the Middlesex Hospital
Authors: A. P. Gould
Journal: BMJ (1911)

GENTLEMEN,-My subject is "The Surgery of the Abdlo- minal Wall."This branch of our art is undoubtedly less important than the surgery of the abdominal contents, by wlhich it has been to a large extent overshadowed, andl in which it is a mere incident.There are, however, surgical conditions of the abdominal wall itself which are of great importance, quiite apart from their bearing uipon the surgery of the contents of tlle abdomen.Suclh a condition is liernia, whicll is a deformnity or abnormality of the abdominal wall, andl has to be dealt with by surgical procedures on the abdomiiinal wall quite independent of any special treatment of tlie -abdominal contents.Then there are growtlhs of the abdominal wall, wbhicl have to be specially dealt witlh sturgically.And there are wounds, ulcers, and abscesses of the abdominal wall
A LABORATORY MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF TOPICAL STEROID EFFECTS IN ECZEMA.
Authors: A. I. SCOTT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article A LABORATORY MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF TOPICAL STEROID EFFECTS IN ECZEMA. Get access A. I. SCOTT, M.D., M.R.C.P. A. I. SCOTT, M.D., M.R.C.P. Imperial Chemicals Industries Ltd., Pharmaceuticals Division, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 11, 1 November 1965, Page 586, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14581.x Published: 01 November 1965
V. Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Norman G. Levinsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1966)

ACUTE renal failure is a general term for the sudden development of impaired renal function from any of a number of causes (Table 1).Although oliguria (less than 300 or 400 ml. of urine per day) or anuria is usually present azotemia sometimes develops rapidly despite normal urinary output.DiagnosisAn important early step in management is to look for reversible or specifically treatable causes of acute renal failure, such as circulatory failure, obstruction, acute pyelonephritis, certain nephrotoxins and hypercalcemia. The urinary volume may be helpful in differential diagnosis. Complete anuria suggests obstruction or cortical necrosis; it occasionally occurs in . . .
Accurate Measurement of Blood Pressure
Authors: Amy R. Schwartz, Donald C. Haas, William Gerin, Thomas G. Pickering
Journal: JAMA (2003)

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