tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Radiation and chemical activation of ras oncogenes in different mouse strains.
Authors: E W Newcomb, L E Diamond, S R Sloan, M Corominas, I Guerrerro, A Pellicer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

A survey of a large series of radiation- or chemically induced thymic lymphomas in (AKR X RF)F1, RF/J, 129/J, and C57BL/6J mouse strains for activated ras oncogenes showed that of the tumors containing transforming activity, in more than 75% of the cases this activity segregated with either K-ras or the N-ras gene. H-ras activity was never detected. The genetic background of the host influenced susceptibility to tumor induction and oncogene activation. The K-ras gene was preferentially activated over the N-ras gene (approximately 2:1) whether the inducing agent was radiation or the chemical N-nitrosomethylurea. The activating mutation for the K-ras gene was consistently identified as a GGT to GAT transition in codon 12. In contrast, several different mutations of the N-ras gene were identified and localized to codons 12, 13, or 61. Assessment of the allelic composition of the ras locus shows that some proportion of the tumors lost the normal ras allele.
Associations and prognostic interactions between circulating levels of hepcidin, ferritin and inflammatory cytokines in primary myelofibrosis
Authors: Animesh Pardanani, Christy Finke, Ramy A. Abdelrahman, Terra L. Lasho, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Iron homeostasis is dysregulated in primary myelofibrosis (PMF), given the high prevalence of anemia, need for red blood cell (RBC) transfusions, and disease-associated inflammatory state. We measured plasma hepcidin levels in 203 consecutive PMF patients at the time of first referral; hepcidin levels were significantly higher as compared to healthy controls (P < 0.0001), and were correlated with hemoglobin of <10 g/dL, RBC transfusion requirement, serum ferritin of >500 µg/L, higher dynamic international prognostic scoring system (DIPSS)-plus risk category, the presence of circulating blasts, age of >65 years, and leukocyte count of <4 × 10(9) /L. Increased hepcidin levels predicted for inferior survival independent of six out of the eight DIPSS-plus prognostic parameters (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.8; P = 0.02), but not when RBC transfusion requirement, hemoglobin of <10 g/dL, or increased serum ferritin were included in the Cox model. Multivariable analysis that considered the four overlapping prognostic variables revealed that increased hepcidin (HR = 1.9; P = 0.03) and increased ferritin (HR = 2.3; P = 0.04), but not hemoglobin of <10 g/dL or RBC transfusion requirement, independently retained their significance for predicting survival. Accordingly, increased levels of both hepcidin and serum ferritin (seen in 29% of patients) predicted inferior survival independent of DIPSS-plus or increased inflammatory cytokine levels (HR = 2.4; P = 0.002), and could be considered in future prognostic models for PMF.
Can We Afford to Treat Acute Leukemia?
Authors: Emil J Freireich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Since Farber described the first complete remissions of acute leukemia in children in the Journal 32 years ago,1 knowledge of strategies to improve survival and the quality of life in patients with this disease has increased rapidly. In this issue, Blume and his associates discuss the use of allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation in support of intensive therapy. Their study provides important confirmation of the technique developed by Thomas et al. from Seattle. It is now clear that survival can be prolonged by this strategy in a fraction of adults with acute leukemia. At the recent national meeting of the American Society . . .
Ethnic Differences in Glycemic Markers in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Bruce H.R. Wolffenbuttel, William H. Herman, Jorge L. Gross, Mala Dharmalingam, Honghua H. Jiang, Dana S. Hardin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

OBJECTIVE Recent studies have reported hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) differences across ethnic groups that could limit its use in clinical practice. The authors of the A1C-Derived Average Glucose study have advocated to report HbA1c in estimated average glucose (AG) equivalents. The aim of this study was to assess the relationships between HbA1c and the mean of three 7-point self-monitored blood glucose (BG) profiles, and to assess whether estimated AG is an accurate measure of glycemia in different ethnic groups. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 1,879 participants with type 2 diabetes in the DURABLE trial who were 30 to 80 years of age, from 11 countries, and, according to self-reported ethnic origin, were Caucasian, of African descent (black), Asian, or Hispanic. We performed logistic regression of the relationship between the mean self-monitored BG and HbA1c, and estimated AG, according to ethnic background. RESULTS Baseline mean (SD) HbA1c was 9.0% (1.3) (75 [SD, 14] mmol/mol), and mean self-monitored BG was 12.1 mmol/L (3.1) (217 [SD, 55] mg/dL). In the clinically relevant HbA1c range of 7.0–9.0% (53–75 mmol/mol), non-Caucasian ethnic groups had 0.2–0.5% (2–6 mmol/mol) higher HbA1c compared with Caucasians for a given BG level. At the mean self-monitored BG levels ≤11.6 mmol/L, estimated AG overestimated the actual average BG; at levels &amp;gt;11.6 mmol/L, estimated AG underestimated the actual BG levels. CONCLUSIONS For a given degree of glycemia, HbA1c levels vary among different ethnic groups. Ethnicity needs to be taken into account when using HbA1c to assess glycemic control or to set glycemic targets. Estimated AG is not a reliable marker for mean glycemia and therefore is of limited clinical value.
Meta-analysis identifies 29 additional ulcerative colitis risk loci, increasing the number of confirmed associations to 47
Authors: Carl A Anderson, Gabrielle Boucher, Charlie W Lees, Andre Franke, Mauro D'Amato, Kent D Taylor, James C Lee, Philippe Goyette, Marcin Imielinski, Anna Latiano, Caroline Lagacé, Regan Scott, Leila Amininejad, Suzannah Bumpstead, Leonard Baidoo, Robert N Baldassano, Murray Barclay, Theodore M Bayless, Stephan Brand, Carsten Büning, Jean-Frédéric Colombel, Lee A Denson, Martine De Vos, Marla Dubinsky, Cathryn Edwards, David Ellinghaus, Rudolf S N Fehrmann, James A B Floyd, Timothy Florin, Denis Franchimont, Lude Franke, Michel Georges, Jürgen Glas, Nicole L Glazer, Stephen L Guthery, Talin Haritunians, Nicholas K Hayward, Jean-Pierre Hugot, Gilles Jobin, Debby Laukens, Ian Lawrance, Marc Lémann, Arie Levine, Cecile Libioulle, Edouard Louis, Dermot P McGovern, Monica Milla, Grant W Montgomery, Katherine I Morley, Craig Mowat, Aylwin Ng, William Newman, Roel A Ophoff, Laura Papi, Orazio Palmieri, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Julián Panés, Anne Phillips, Natalie J Prescott, Deborah D Proctor, Rebecca Roberts, Richard Russell, Paul Rutgeerts, Jeremy Sanderson, Miquel Sans, Philip Schumm, Frank Seibold, Yashoda Sharma, Lisa A Simms, Mark Seielstad, A Hillary Steinhart, Stephan R Targan, Leonard H van den Berg, Morten Vatn, Hein Verspaget, Thomas Walters, Cisca Wijmenga, David C Wilson, Harm-Jan Westra, Ramnik J Xavier, Zhen Z Zhao, Cyriel Y Ponsioen, Vibeke Andersen, Leif Torkvist, Maria Gazouli, Nicholas P Anagnou, Tom H Karlsen, Limas Kupcinskas, Jurgita Sventoraityte, John C Mansfield, Subra Kugathasan, Mark S Silverberg, Jonas Halfvarson, Jerome I Rotter, Christopher G Mathew, Anne M Griffiths, Richard Gearry, Tariq Ahmad, Steven R Brant, Mathias Chamaillard, Jack Satsangi, Judy H Cho, Stefan Schreiber, Mark J Daly, Jeffrey C Barrett, Miles Parkes, Vito Annese, Hakon Hakonarson, Graham Radford-Smith, Richard H Duerr, Séverine Vermeire, Rinse K Weersma, John D Rioux
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Operative Surgery 3rd edition: Abdomen
Authors: I. McColl
Journal: Gut (1978)

enteropathy and another almost as short on malabsorption syndromes.The choice of references, especially in the first part, is strangely arbitrary.The section on para- sitic diseases is better organised and pro- vides much useful data in compact form, and the last pages give a useful summary of the main antiparasitic drugs, with data on dosage and toxicity.
PAPP-A, ProMBP, and PAPP-A/ProMBP ratio are related to the extent of angiographic coronary artery disease in stable angina patients
Authors: Juan Cosin-Sales, Paul Kaminski, Michael Christiansen, Claus Oxvig, Michael T. Overgaard, David Holt, Juan Carlos Kaski
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The Effects of Renal Impairment, Peritoneal Dialysis, and Hemodialysis on Serum Sodium Colistimethate Levels
Authors: NORMA J. GOODWIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

A single 75-mg dose of sodium colistimethate was administered intramuscularly to 39 subjects with varying degrees of renal function; 17 of the subjects were undergoing dialysis therapy. Sequential concentrations of the drug in blood and dialysate were determined. When the endogenous creatinine clearance was below 20 ml/min, sodium colistimethate blood levels and their duration of elevation were inversely proportional to degree of renal impairment. Approximately 1 mg of sodium colistimethate was removed from the blood per hour during peritoneal dialysis, and the drug was cleared 30% as effectively as urea. Detectable quantities of sodium colistimethate were not removed from the blood by Kiil or Kolff hemodialysis. The treatment for serious toxicity or overdosage with sodium colistimethate is peritoneal dialysis. Recommended dosages of sodium colistimethate in patients with renal insufficiency are: [1] when endogenous creatinine clearance exceeds 20 ml/min, 75 to 100% of the recommended daily dose divided into doses every 12 hr; [2] when endogenous creatinine clearance is between 5 and 20 ml/min, 50% of the usual daily dose divided into doses every 12 hr; and [3] when endogenous creatinine clearance is less than 5 ml/min, 30 to 35% of the normally recommended dose divided into doses every 12 to 18 hr.
Fulminant hepatic failure after repeated exposure to isoflurane anesthesia: A case report
Authors: Elizabeth M. Brunt, Heather White, Wallis J. Marsh, Barbel Holtmann, Marion G. Peters
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

A previously healthy but obese 26-yr-old woman was diagnosed as having hepatic dysfunction 17 days after the third of three consecutive exposures to isoflurane anesthesia for paranasal sinus surgery. Serum laboratory findings included elevated aminotransferases and bilirubin. Radiographical evaluations showed no evidence of extrahepatic disease. Serological studies were negative for acute viral infections, and serum copper was normal. The patient's condition deteriorated over the ensuing 17 days, with hyperreflexia, hypoglycemia and a rapid fall in serum aminotransferases with a concomitant rise in bilirubin level and prothrombin time despite maximal medical support. The liver volume as shown by computed tomography fell from 1,290 cm3 to 680 cm3 over 6 days. The patient underwent successful orthotopic liver transplantation 25 days after onset of symptoms. Histopathological examination of the resected liver showed submassive and massive necrosis, with a few foci of microvesicular steatosis and ultrastructural evidence of mitochondrial abnormalities. Although we found insufficient evidence to prove that this case was caused by isoflurane anesthesia, the clinical course and histopathological findings are similar to those in hepatic injury caused by halothane anesthesia. Therefore we report this as a possible case of fulminant hepatic failure resulting from isoflurane anesthesia.
O Úplavici and Haff
Authors: R. W. Prichard
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> For those unfamiliar with the story about how errors are propagated, a reading of Stillwell (<i>Gastroenterology</i><b>28</b>:606 622 [April] 1955) would be time well spent. In a thorough, but humorous and genteel fashion, Still-well tells how the title of a Czech article "O Úplavici," meaning "On Dysentery," was taken for the author's name in an early paper on amebiasis. One author even quoted two personal communications from this unwholesome nonperson. It might not be possible to stamp out all eponyms, but we might at least limit their creation. There is no such thing as "Haff's disease" (<i>JAMA</i><b>193</b>:165 [July 5] 1965). Although fish and eels from a certain bay (Haff) did give a lot of Germans myoglobinuria, this was apparently because these beasts had been poisoned by waste from nearby rayon factories. If we aren't vigilant, this may turn into another O Úplavici case.
Global cancer risk from Fukushima is low, says WHO
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The risk to the world’s population of developing cancer after the explosions at the Fukushima nuclear plant in Japan is low, and no observable increase in cancer incidence above the baseline is expected, the World Health Organization has said. 

WHO looked at the risks to the general population in the Fukushima area, the rest of Japan, and the rest of the world and the risks to the power plant and emergency workers who entered the plant after the March 2011 incident.1 The disaster occurred when a tsunami, triggered by a huge undersea earthquake, …
Primary and Secondary Syphilis Among Black and Hispanic Men Who Have Sex With Men: Case Report Data From 27 States
Authors: John R. Su, John F. Beltrami, Akbar A. Zaidi, Hillard S. Weinstock
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Background: Until 2005, national-level data on the sex of sex partners that describe how primary and secondary syphilis affects men who have sex with men (MSM) of different races or ethnicities were not reported. Objective: To present data from 27 states comparing trends in primary and secondary syphilis among MSM of different races or ethnicities. Design: Review of case report data and regression analysis. Setting: Federal database of case reports in the National Electronic Telecommunications System for Surveillance. Participants: Men reported to be MSM. Measurements: Cases of primary and secondary syphilis per 100 000 males of matching race or ethnicity (“rates”), determined by using population data from the National Center for Health Statistics as the denominator to compare age and racial and ethnic differences. Results: For each year during 2005 to 2008, 27 states from all U.S. census regions reported data on the sex of sex partners for 70% or more of male cases of primary and secondary syphilis. Regression analysis revealed significantly different trends in rates of primary and secondary syphilis: Absolute increases in rates among black MSM and Hispanic MSM were, respectively, 8.0 times and 2.4 times the absolute increase in rate among white MSM. By region, rates among MSM increased 30% in the Midwest, 48% in the South, 73% in the Northeast, and 77% in the West. By age group, the largest absolute increase in rates occurred among MSM aged 20 to 29 years. Limitation: Results from 27 states may not be generalizable to the United States as a whole. Conclusion: Rates of primary and secondary syphilis disproportionately increased among black and Hispanic MSM (compared with white MSM) and among young MSM. Care providers should offer counseling about safer sexual practices and screening for syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections when caring for MSM. Primary Funding Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Mobilization of sialidase from intracellular stores to the surface of human neutrophils and its role in stimulated adhesion responses of these cells.
Authors: A S Cross, D G Wright
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

Desialation of cell surfaces has been associated with the initiation or modification of diverse cellular functions. In these studies we have examined the subcellular distribution of sialidase (SE) in human neutrophils as well as the mobilization of this enzyme following neutrophil activation. Separation of subcellular fractions by density gradient centrifugation showed that SE is present not only in neutrophil primary and secondary granule populations, like lysozyme, but also in plasma membrane fractions. Neutrophil activation was associated with a redistribution of SE from secondary granule-enriched fractions to the plasma membrane. Furthermore, SE activity detected on the surface of intact neutrophils with a fluorescent SE substrate increased rapidly after activation with kinetics that matched both the loss of total cell-associated sialic acid and release of free sialic acid from the cells. These activation-dependent events were in each case blocked by incubation of neutrophils with the SE inhibitor, 2-deoxy-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid. Aggregation responses of neutrophils as well as adhesion responses to nylon and plastic surfaces were also inhibited by 2-deoxyNANA. Our findings indicate that the activation-dependent desialation of the neutrophil surface is associated with mobilization of an endogenous SE to the plasma membrane and has a role in stimulated adhesion responses of these cells.
Randomized trial comparing cryopreserved cultured epidermal allografts with hydrocolloid dressings in healing chronic venous ulcers
Authors: Robert G.C. Teepe, Diane I. Roseeuw, Jo Hermans, Eline J. Koebrugge, Theo Altena, Arlette de Coninck, Maria Ponec, Bert Jan Vermeer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1993)
Cyclosporine A-loaded and stem cell-seeded electrospun nanofibers for cell-based therapy and local immunosuppression
Authors: Vladimir Holan, Milada Chudickova, Peter Trosan, Eliska Svobodova, Magdalena Krulova, Sarka Kubinova, Eva Sykova, Jakub Sirc, Jiri Michalek, Martina Juklickova, Marcela Munzarova, Alena Zajicova
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2011)
Familial hypercholesterolaemia is underdiagnosed after AMI
Authors: M. F Dorsch
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Resuscitation should not be part of every deathEditor-Pioneers of cardiopulmonary resuscitation in the 1960s were medical heroes.They would be surprised to find their treatment for hearts that were too young to die becoming an obligatory death rite for all, and themselves anathematised for mentioning the new taboo of age. 1 Feedback that I, as chairman of Tayside cardiopulmonary resuscitation committee, receive from junior hospital staff is that inappropriately initiated cardiopulmonary resuscitation is common, emotionally fraught, and demotivating; inappropriate failure to initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation is virtually unknown.Seemingly false positive results therefore heavily outnumber false negative results, but parallel audits of deaths and cardiopulmonary resuscitation are now being conducted to relate the two.
Urinary tract infection in childhood. Dipstick testing a useful screening tool.
Authors: P M Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Responses of principals in general practice and trainees to question asking when they would refer childreni with uninary tract infections Girls Boys < 5 years ¢ 5 years < 5 years ¢ 5 years Principals (n=26): First infection 14 12 26 23 Second infection 11 12 3 Subsequent infections 1 2 Trainees (n= 6): First infection 4 3 5 5 Second infection 2 1 1 1 Subsequent infections 2replied (table).In the practice I audited five of 606 boys aged under 16 had had a urinary tract infection.Four of the five had been referred for investigation, all after the first documented episode, and four had had a repeat urine specimen sent for culture after treatment.More of the girls (12/58 1) had had a urinary tract infection, but only five had been referred for investigation, after a median of four episodes (range three to five); only two had had a urine specimen sent for culture after treatment.The eight other children had not been referred for investigation.
Safety of Once-Daily (qd) Budesonide and Formoterol Administered via One Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhaler (pMDI) in Adults and Adolescents With Asthma Previously Stable With Twice-Daily (bid) Budesonide/Formoterol pMDI
Authors: C LAFORCE, E KERWIN, J OPPENHEIMER, C MILLER, P VERVAET, L ODOWD, M GOLDMAN
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
A Joint Venture
Authors: Abraham B. Schwarzberg, Cristina B. Alexander, Daniel J. DeAngelo, Simon M. Helfgott
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

A 59-year-old woman presented with a 6-week history of pain and swelling in her right knee, which necessitated the use of a cane. Two weeks before presenting for care, she began to experience pain in her left knee, followed by the onset of pain and swelling in her left ankle and left wrist. She also noted fatigue and progressive dyspnea on exertion.
Invasive disease due to Haemophilus influenzae infection
Authors: C A S Melville, I F Laurenson, J A Augrove
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Correlation matrix for percentage reduction in standardised death rates, percentage change in population due to migration between censuses, and area depnivation score % Reduction in % Change in standardised Deprivation population death rate score % Change in population -% Reduction in standardised death rate 0-667 -Deprivation score 0-636 0-609 All significant, P < 0001.improvement.All three factors-deprivation, percentage reduction in standardised death rate, and percentage change in the population due to migration-were closely correlated (table).Possibly, those people who can leave deprived
Intravenous salbutamol in management of status asthmaticus.
Authors: D H Fitchett, M W McNicol, J F Riordan
Journal: BMJ (1975)

After the administration of intravenous salbutamol (100-300 mug) to 11 patients admitted to hospital with a severe exacerbation of asthma there was a mean increase in peak expiratory flow of 44% accompanied by a rise in pulse rate of 24 beats/min. Blood gas tensions showed a trend to improvement and there were no serious side effects. It is concluded that intravenous salbutamol is an effective and apparently safe bronchodilator in the management of acutely ill patients with severe asthma.
Ocular reaction to propranolol and resolution on continued treatment with a different beta-blocking drug.
Authors: R B Cubey, S H Taylor
Journal: BMJ (1975)

no cause for this hypertension: urinary output of catecholamines was normal; the arteriography demonstrated renal arteries of normal calibre; the nephro- gram showed no parenchymous anomaly.Nevertheless, with a normal salt- free diet she demonstrated low serum potassium (between 2-7 and 3 1/1) (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7) and 3-1 mEq/l).She was prescribed 300 mg of spironolactone, 20 mg of furosemide, 750 mg of methyldopa per day, and strict bed rest.But the salt-free diet was not strictly followed.The patient was readmitted one month later with persistent hypertension at 210/160 mm Hg, standing and lying down.Renal function rapidly
The Hungry Fly: A Physiological Study of the Behavior Associated With Feeding
Authors: E. Dorinda LOEFFEL
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Busy, curious, thirsty fly, Drink with me, and drink as I; Freely welcome to my cup, Could'st thou sip, and sip it up; Make the most of life you may, Life is short and wears away. (William Oldys, "On a Fly Drinking Out of a Cup of Ale") Scientific books rarely begin with poetry and are not usually written in a delightful philosophic manner. Hence, this zoologic text is rather special, inviting the reader to imagine how the eating habits of the blowfly (<i>Phormia regina</i>) might give insight into the ambitions and activities of other forms of life. Numerous experimental techniques are described in detail, designed to analyze the behavioral components of eating and correlate them with underlying physiologic mechanisms. Particularly interesting is the typical day of the fly, which begins with a restless, random search for food that ends with the interception of a delectable cloud of odor. Contact