tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5135: Influence Of Regular Physical Ativity On Regenerative Capacity Of Endothelial Progenitor Cells In School Children
Authors: Claudia A Walther, Volker Adams, Kati Drechsler, Luise Gaede, Melanie Sonnabend, Inga Botur, Antje Koerner, Madlen Toepfer, Gerhard Schuler
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: One of the markers associated the cardiovascular risk profile are circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). In patients (pts) with atherosclerosis the number of EPCs is strongly correlated with endothelial function. Recent studies demonstrated the beneficial effect of acute and chronic exercise on mobilization of circulating progenitor cells in adults. Aim of this study was to investigate the effect of daily school exercise lessons on the amount and function of EPC’s. Methods: Eleven 6 th -grade classes (131 boys, 151 girls) of three different high schools were randomized to an intervention group (IG) or a control group (CG). Students (Stds) of IG received one daily exercise lesson (45 min) with at least 15 minutes of endurance training. Stds of CG had their regular school sports consisting of 2 exercise lessons (each 45 min) per week. Three classes (31 boys, 20 girls) of a high school with special focus on competitive sports and physical education served as reference group (PE). In all children (159 boys and 163 girls, mean age 11.2 ± 0.4 years ) anthropometric data were recorded, laboratory analysis was assessed and a treadmill exercise test with spirometry was performed. The number of EPCs was assessed with FACS analysis and function of EPCs was determined via migration assay. Results: After 1 year maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) increased significantly in children of IG compared to children of CG (47.8 ± 1.7 ml/kg/min vs. 42.2 ± 1.2 ml/kg/min, p&lt;0.001). However values of children of PE (56.2 ± 1.7 ml/kg/min, p&lt;0.001 vs. IG und CG) were not reached. At baseline students of PE demonstrated a significantly higher amount of EPCs compared to students of IG and CG (403 ± 42 number/ml blood vs. 267 ± 38 number/ml blood in IG und KG (p&lt;0.01)). After 1 year the amount of EPCs increased by 69% in Stds of IG, no change was observed in Stds of CG. Migratory capacity was significantly higher in Stds of PE compared to IG and CG. Conclusion: The results of this trial demonstrate, that already in childhood, regular exercise and physical activity have a positive influence on exercise capacity and the amount of EPCs. Therefore, to prevent the negative consequences of physical inactivity and overweight/obesity early intervention to support exercise and movement is necessary.
Viremia control following antiretroviral treatment and therapeutic immunization during primary SIV251 infection of macaques
Authors: Zdenek Hel, David Venzon, Monita Poudyal, Wen-Po Tsai, Laura Giuliani, Ruth Woodward, Claire Chougnet, Gene Shearer, John D. Altman, David Watkins, Norbert Bischofberger, Alashle Abimiku, Phillip Markham, James Tartaglia, Genoveffa Franchini
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
Translating science into action: periodontal health through public health approaches
Authors: Nanna Jürgensen, Poul E. Petersen, Hiroshi Ogawa, Sayaka Matsumoto
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2012)

Abstract Clinical and public health research data have shown that a number of individual, professional and community health measures may be valuable in preventing the major oral diseases. The fundamental gap in knowledge, however, is not confined to ‘what to do’ but rather ‘how’ to translate the scientific findings into effective and sustainable programs for groups and populations. The advances in oral health science have not yet benefitted the poor and disadvantaged population groups around the world to the fullest extent possible and this has led to inequalities in periodontal health as well as in other chronic diseases. Research on the causative role of tobacco use in periodontal disease is strong because of the fact that tobacco‐induced disease ultimately may lead to the loss of teeth. Studies also indicate that wound healing may be negatively affected by the use of tobacco. Likewise, research has shown that extreme use of alcohol, poor diet and nutrition, and psychological stress all have negative effects on periodontal health. Research on sociobehavioral risk factors has great implication to prevent periodontal disease. The case for tobacco is illustrated in this report. The global exposure to tobacco use in adults and adolescents is outlined. Because of the global Framework Convention for Tobacco Control (2003), the solid research on the harmful effect of tobacco is now being widely used for public health. The importance of tobacco prevention within the context of health‐promoting schools is emphasized. Research on other population‐directed strategies and their implications on public health would be instrumental to integrated prevention of chronic disease and periodontal disease. Community interventions and delivery of preventive oral care by oral health services may have positive outcomes for periodontal health but periodontal research needs to be further strengthened by the provision of sound evidence. It is somewhat remarkable that research on true population‐directed actions in prevention of periodontal disease is most unusual. The high need for reorientation of periodontal research toward public health is discussed in this report as well as the responsibilities of oral health organizations, research institutions and health authorities.
Abstract 1781: Enriched Association of Chromosome 4q25 Locus With Lone Atrial Fibrillation Patients Showing Dissociated Firing After Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Michael J Tchou, John Barnard, Robert C Wirka, David R Van Wagoner, Jonathan D Smith, Diana Bauer, Mina K Chung
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) has been associated with a locus on chromosome 4q25 in proximity to PITX2, a gene known to regulate left/right cardiac asymmetrical morphogenesis and implicated in the form...
Abstract 198: Subclinical Cardiovascular Toxicity of Anthracyclines Identified With Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Narumol Chaosuwannakit, Ralph D'Agostino, Craig A Hamilton, Kimberly S Lane, William O Ntim, Julia Lawrence, Susan A Melin, Leslie R Ellis, Frank M Torti, William C Little, W. G Hundley
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Myocardial Injury, and Mortality
Authors: Alberto Perez, Kelly Johnson-Arbor, Charles A McKay
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The linear continuum of transitional residences: debunking the myth
Authors: J L Geller, W H Fisher
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

After defining the transitional residence in the linear continuum of possible residential settings for recipients of psychiatric services, the authors address the question of whether this continuum functions as designed. Do persons with serious and persistent mental illness really enter the continuum in a more restrictive setting than that from which they emerge after a period of years and a number of transitions?The authors surveyed all residential placements in western Massachusetts at one point in time in 1987 and again in 1991. The data included when a mentally ill individual entered a residential setting and what his or her prior setting was. Further, in 1991 the authors collected data on where the subjects of the 1987 study were currently living.In both the 1987 and the 1991 studies, 70%-75% of all beds were occupied by persons who had come directly from the state hospital, and only 5%-6% of beds were occupied by persons who had moved from a more restrictive to a less restrictive setting. In 1991 49.1% of the 1987 study subjects were in programs with the same level of restrictiveness, 7.9% were in less restrictive residential programs, and 31.8% were in less restrictive settings that included independent living.The transitional residence in the linear continuum does not function as designed for the majority of patients discharged into this system of care. It is premature to abandon it totally, however; it should become part of a set of community residential alternatives rather than be the only community residential option.
68. Improved lentiviral vector system with enhanced safety features
Authors: Adam S. Cockrell, Kailing Fu, Hong Ma, Thomas McCown, Tal Kafri
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
The traditional method for producing self-inactivating lentiviral stocks has been the three/four plasmid transient transfection method. However, employing packaging cell lines to produce lentiviral vector stocks may circumvent inconsistencies in vector stocks and efficacy, and improve vector safety by reducing the risk of generating replication competent virus. Developing a safe HIV-based packaging cell line has been hindered by the inability to rescue self-inactivating (SIN) or Tat-independent vectors used to transduce the packaging cell line in the final steps of its production. EIAV- and FIV-based vectors would appear to be advantageous in this regard since they retain a fully functional LTR, however the activity of their LTR is considerably abated in human cells. The ability to thwart these problems has been accomplished through the development of tetracycline-dependent packaging cell lines. These cell lines have provided a platform upon which to generate conditional SIN (cSIN) lentiviral vectors in a stable, reproducible manner. Beginning with the SODk0 cell line we have generated a tetracycline-dependent packaging cell line containing the vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein (VSV-G) envelope, the split gag-pro and vpr-pol packaging cassettes, and a cSIN vector all under control of the tetracycline response element. Aspiring to generate vector titers equivalent to those yielded by the transient transfection methods (>107 IU/mL) revealed factors that influence the vector titers during the development of a lentiviral vector packaging cell line. Through clonal selection we demonstrate that doxycycline (Dox)-dependent control of the tetracycline transactivator (tTA), the ratio of Gag-Pol proteins, and integration of a cSIN vector into the genome exhibit cell-to-cell differences which have an impact on vector titers. A detailed assessment of multiple cell clones resulted in the generation of a packaging cell line yielding vector titers in excess of 106 IU/mL. Anticipating a need for large-scale lentiviral vector production for gene therapy clinical trials necessitates further improvements in packaging cell lines for lentiviral vector production. In our efforts to advance packaging cell lines we are currently examining the use of alternative approaches to introduce SIN vectors into the packaging cell line, thus circumventing the need to transduce the packaging cell line with a cSIN vector.
364. The Proteasome Metabolizes Non-Viral Gene Delivery Systems
Authors: Ji-seon Kim, Kevin G. Rice
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The proteasome is a multisubunited cytosolic protein complex responsible for degradation of miss-folded proteins. Several studies have implicated its involvement in the processessing of viral particles used for gene delivery, thereby limiting the efficiency of gene transfer. Non-viral gene delivery systems are sufficiently similar to viral particles and thereby could also be recognized and metabolized by the proteasome. The present study investigated this possible route of metabolism for non-viral gene delivery systems. Transfection of HepG2 or CF/T1 cells with peptide-DNA condensates encoding the reporter gene luciferase in the presence or absence of proteasome inhibitors (MG 115, MG 132, or epoxomicin) resulted in significantly enhanced gene expression. MG 115 and MG 132 increased luciferase expression in a dose-dependent manner by 40-fold in HepG2 and 10-fold in CF/T1 whereas epoxomicin increased the luciferase expression by 10-fold (P< 0.05) in both cell lines. The enhanced gene expression correlated directly with proteasome inhibition, and was not the result of inadvertent inhibition of cathepsin B. Proteasome inhibition indirectly inhibited plasmid DNA metabolism resulting in enhanced gene expression. In contrast, only peptide-DNA condensates transfection was enhanced by proteasome inhibition, whereas, the expression mediated by Lipofectamine 2000 and PEI was significantly blocked. Together, these results implicate the proteasome as a key route for metabolism of peptide based non-viral gene delivery systems and provide a rationale for the use of proteasome inhibition to increase gene transfer efficiency.
Abstract 3519: Modest Fat Gain Causes Endothelial Dysfunction In Lean Healthy Humans: A Randomized Blinded Controlled Trial
Authors: Abel Romero Corral, Justo Sierra-Johnson, Marek Orban, Apoor S Gami, Fatima H Sert Kuniyoshi, Snigdha Pusalavidyasager, Diane Davison, Christine M Huyber, Susanne M Votruba, Michael D Jensen, Virend K Somers
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Endothelial dysfunction assessed by flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery has been identified as an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. However, whether weight gain impairs endothelial function is unknown. Methods: A randomized blinded controlled-trial to assess the effects of weight gain on endothelial function. After a weight maintenance period supervised by an experience dietitian, volunteers were randomized to gain weight (4 kg) or maintain weight. We recruited lean (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m 2 ) healthy volunteers (no diseases, medications and non-smokers) from the community. Using ultrasound, endothelial function was measured by FMD and non-flow mediated dilation (NFMD) of the brachial artery in the early morning (6:30 a.m.). Endothelial function was measured at baseline, after fat gain at 8 weeks and after weight loss at 16 weeks for fat-gainers and at baseline and follow-up (8 weeks) for weight maintainers. Body composition techniques to measure body fat %, such as dual x-ray absorptiometry and abdominal CT scans were performed. Results: We recruited 35 fat-gainers and 8 weight maintainers. Mean age was 29 ± 6 years and 18 (42 %) were women. There were no differences in age, anthropometric and body composition measurements, blood pressure, heart rate or apnea hypopnea index at baseline between both groups. After an average gain of 4 kg, the fat-gainer group significantly increased their total, visceral and subcutaneous fat. Brachial artery FMD and NFMD remained unchanged in weight maintainers. However, it decreaed in fat-gainers (FMD=9.1 ± 3 vs. 7.6 ± 3.2, p=0.003 and NFMD=12.0 ± 4.9 vs. 10.1 ± 6.0, p=0.01), but recovered to baseline after subjects shed the gained weight (basleline vs. recovery: FMD=9.1 ± 3 vs. 9.0 ± 3, p=NS and NFMD =12.0 ± 4.9 vs.12.6 ± 5.0, p=NS). Visceral fat gain, but not subcutaneous fat gain was significantly correlated with the decrease in brachial artery FMD (rho =−0.42, p=0.004 and rho =−0.22, p=0.15, respectively). Conclusions: In lean healthy young subjects, modest weight gain results in impaired endothelial function, even in the absence of changes in blood pressure. Endothelial funcion recovers after weight loss. Viscerar rather than subcutaneous fat predicts endothelial dysfunction.
<i>Pseudomonas Aeruginosa</i> Allergy in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: P. Stahl Skov, S. Norn, P. O. Schiøtz, H. Permin, N. Høiby
Journal: Allergy (1980)

Basophil histamine release by P. aeruginosa standard antigen was examined in cystic fibrosis patients chronically infected with mucoid P. aeruginosa (CF + P) and with pronounced antibody response against these bacteria, and in patients without P. aeruginosa infection (CF ‐ P). All the patients showed eosinophil counts and total IgE, which did not differ significantly from that of normal persons. In the absence of patient's sera, histamine release was only found in two patients in the CF + P group, indicating that type I allergy to P. aeruginosa is not predominating in cystic fibrosis. In the presence of patients' sera significantly more of the CF + P patients responded to P. aeruginosa with histamine release compared with the CF ‐ P patients. The response was lost by complement inactivation and regained by reconstitution of the complement activity. The involvement of a type III‐mediated complement‐dependent histamine release is therefore suggested in the pathogenesis of lung damage in cystic fibrosis.
Evaluating Obstetrical Residency Programs Using Patient Outcomes
Authors: David A. Asch
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Patient outcomes have been used to assess the performance of hospitals and physicians; in contrast, residency programs have been compared based on nonclinical measures.To assess whether obstetrics and gynecology residency programs can be evaluated by the quality of care their alumni deliver.A retrospective analysis of all Florida and New York obstetrical hospital discharges between 1992 and 2007, representing 4 906 169 deliveries performed by 4124 obstetricians from 107 US residency programs.Nine measures of maternal complications from vaginal and cesarean births reflecting laceration, hemorrhage, and all other complications after vaginal delivery; hemorrhage, infection, and all other complications after cesarean delivery; and composites for vaginal and cesarean deliveries and for all deliveries regardless of mode.Obstetricians' residency program was associated with substantial variation in maternal complication rates. Women treated by obstetricians trained in residency programs in the bottom quintile for risk-standardized major maternal complication rates had an adjusted complication rate of 13.6%, approximately one-third higher than the 10.3% adjusted rate for women treated by obstetricians from programs in the top quintile (absolute difference, 3.3%; 95% confidence interval, 2.8%-3.8%). The rankings of residency programs based on each of the 9 measures were similar. Adjustment for medical licensure examination scores did not substantially alter the program ranking.Obstetrics and gynecology training programs can be ranked by the maternal complication rates of their graduates' patients. These rankings are stable across individual types of complications and are not associated with residents' licensing examination scores.
Non-invasive estimation of cardiac output by impedance cardiography during incremental exercise in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Eloara Ferreira, Roberta Pulcheri Ramos, Priscila Figueiredo, Jaquelina Sonoe Ota Arakaki, L. Eduardo Nery, J. Alberto Neder
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Non-invasive monitoring of haemodynamic responses during incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) could provide useful information on disease severity and prognosis in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Using an impedance cardiography (ICG) device that does not require basal impedance or blood resistivity estimations ( PhysioFlow PF-05® , Manatec Biomedical, France), stroke volume (SV) and cardiac index (CI) were evaluated in 50 patients and 21 age- and gender-matched controls during a ramp-incremental CPET on a cycle ergometer. An ICG signal was not obtained in 5 patients and its quality was deemed as “poor” in another 7 patients, i.e., technical problems were found in 24% of the readings. Early decrease (N= 9) or a subsequent “plateau” in SV (N= 8) and Δ SV peak-unloaded exercise  2 ) at the gas exchange threshold were the only predictors of a severely-reduced peak V O 2  (R 2 =0.71, p 2   plus  Δ CI   Supported by: FAPESP, Brazil.
Microspectrophotometric Determination of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Primary and Metastatic Mouse Mammary Tumors
Authors: Elizabeth W. Chu, Richard A. Malmgren
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Journal Article Microspectrophotometric Determination of Deoxyribonucleic Acid in Primary and Metastatic Mouse Mammary Tumors Get access Elizabeth W. Chu, Elizabeth W. Chu Pathologic Anatomy Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Richard A. Malmgren Richard A. Malmgren Pathologic Anatomy Branch, National Cancer Institute,2Bethesda, Maryland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 27, Issue 1, July 1961, Pages 217–220, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/27.1.217 Published: 01 July 1961 Article history Received: 27 February 1961 Published: 01 July 1961
Book: Encyclopedia of Birth Control
Authors: A. Furedi
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Ed Vern L Bullough ABC-CLIO, £55.95, pp 349 ISBN 1 57607 1812 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> The term “birth control” is no longer commonly used in Britain. In these politically correct times it has been replaced with either the more specific “contraception” or the more general “family planning”—neither of which describes the aim of the exercise as well as “birth control.” One of the reasons for the semantic shift has been the desire of modern health professionals to distance themselves from the eugenic assumptions of the early birth control movement. In the early decades of the last century birth control was seen as a means of … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif