tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Principles of Microsurgical Techniques in Infertility
Authors: Stephen L. Corson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

Microsurgery is an art form as well as a science. Its practitioners are opinionated, often with a paucity of objective evidence to support strongly held contentions. Thus, it is not surprising that this work by 14 contributors has many areas of disagreement, and, more unfortunately, redundancies. The most lucid chapters are those by Eddy on tubal physiology and Stangel on instrumentation. In the clinical chapters we are exhorted to avoid use of Babcock clamps on pelvic structures in one place, but find diagrams in which traction is exerted by this instrument in others. Some authors stress the importance of reperitonealization, while others interdict it (in italics!) without citing the basic research supporting either view. One author decries reversal of fimbriectomy sterilization, while another cites from the literature a 44% pregnancy rate success. The chapter on patient selection deals with reported success rates for various procedures. Comparison of 1,037 macrosurgical implantations
Digesting New Information
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
EXPERIMENTAL TRANSPLANTATION OF INTESTINE AFTER EXTENSIVE EXCISION OF THE SIGMOID
Authors: J. SHELTON HORSLEY
Journal: JAMA (1913)

This subject was suggested to me by a case that came under my care about five years ago. The patient was a colored man, a deaf mute, who had been suffering from obstruction of the bowels for several days before admission to the hospital. He was enormously distended and his condition was desperate. Operation was done under cocain and a volvulus of the sigmoid found. The sigmoid was twisted and so distended that it resembled a large cyst. The volvulus was excised and after removing the diseased bowel it was impossible to approximate the lower end of the large intestine to the small portion of the descending colon that was left. An artificial anus was formed. The patient recovered and left the hospital about four weeks after the operation. He was very ignorant and could not properly take care of himself. His condition was pitiful in the extreme. The necessity
THE CASUALTIES IN TIBET
Authors: R. F. D. MacGregor
Journal: BMJ (1912)

Wlhether this decre4se in numbers during the last seven years is due to recent--advanced cerebral surgery I would iot say, but it certainly gives the irnpression that it is not unlikely.Of the 115 blind afflicted d(lrinrg the first decadle of life- Oplithalmia neonatorum 'was tlie cause in ...
Biodegradation of the phthalates and their esters by bacteria.
Authors: P Keyser, B G Pujar, R W Eaton, D W Ribbons
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1976)

Recent studies on the biodegradation phthalate esters in natural ecosystems, sewage, and laboratory cultures are reviewed. There is ample evidence to demonstrate that bacteria are major elements in the biodegradative processes and that in most situations complete oxidation of the aromatic ring occurs; much less is known about the catabolism of the alcoholic moiety, e.g., 2-ethylhexanol. Evidence is presented to support catabolic pathways in pseudomonads and micrococci that are initiated by successive hydrolyses of the diesters to give the phthalate anion. Thereafter a dioxygenase catalyzes the formation of 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dihydroxyphthalate, which is oxidized by an NAD-dependent dehydrogenase to give 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate, Protocatechuate, formed by decarboxylation of 4,5-dihydroxyphthalate, is the substrate for ring cleavage enzymes. Whereas flurorescent pseudomonads use the beta-ketoadipate pathway, the nonfluorescent strains and micrococci examined use of meta-cleavage (4,5-) route. All the intermediates proposed have been accumulated by enzymes purified from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Isophthalate and terephthalate (anions) are readily used as carbon sources by aerobic bacteria, and preliminary evidence is consistent with catabolic routes for these isomers converging at the ring-cleavage substrate protocatechuate. Some possible effects and interactions of synthetic organic chemicals with the natural microflora, and the influence of other vectors, is discussed in relation to the maintenance of the carbon cycle and environmental pollution.
PARP-14, a member of the B aggressive lymphoma family, transduces survival signals in primary B cells
Authors: Sung Hoon Cho, Shreevrat Goenka, Tiina Henttinen, Prathyusha Gudapati, Arja Reinikainen, Christine M. Eischen, Riitta Lahesmaa, Mark Boothby
Journal: Blood (2009)
Green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced proliferation of human hepatic stellate cell line LI90
Authors: Ryuichiro Sakata, Takato Ueno, Toru Nakamura, Masaharu Sakamoto, Takuji Torimura, Michio Sata
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
11 Adefovir dipivoxil 10 MG (ADV) for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in patients pre-liver transplantation with lamivudine-resistant patients
Authors: E SCHIFF, C LAI, S HADZIYANNIS, P NEUHAUS, N TERRAULT, P LAMPERTICO, H TILLMANN, S DIDIER, N LAMA, C JAMES
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Paper Bezoar of The Descending Colon
Authors: Julian R. Lewin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Numerous reports of gastric and intestinal bezoars appear in the medical literature. Bezoars of the colon unassociated with obstructing foreign bodies, tumors, or areas of diverticulitis are rarely documented. Wilson et al<sup>1</sup>reported one case in a 54-year-old man with an obstructing phytobezoar in the transverse colon. These authors believed this bezoar to be "at least aggravated by carboxymethyl cellulose ingestion" used in the relief of chronic constipation. The roentgenographic findings were those of large-bowel obstruction as seen in the illustration following. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 26-year-old woman was seen on April 11, 1966, with the chief complaint of abdominal cramps of three days' duration. There was mild nausea, and the patient had vomited once prior to admission. She had several watery bowel movements associated with tenesmus. Abnormal physical findings included abdominal distension and a palpable tender mass in the middle part of the abdomen
Special needs of elderly diabetic patients.
Authors: A J Sinclair, A H Barnett
Journal: BMJ (1993)

therapeutic benefit, and the proposed expansion continues in the main to address marginal therapeutic areas.But selected lists are only one approach to reducing prescribing costs.What is needed is an overall strategy that addresses the way that drugs are priced, how they are marketed, and the artificial division between funding and pricing of drugs in hospital and primary care.With increasing downward pressure on prescribing budgets, general practitioners may be expected to save money by prescribing generically and using treatment protocols that take the cost of drugs into account.The revised selected list may help them to make a small proportion of the savings that are needed.As individual companies have been given the right to make representations to the advisory committee the list may not emerge for some months.This still leaves the question of what we should look for in a new selected list.Obviously, effective "best buys" should be available on NHS prescription in all therapeutic areas.As with the present list some products may in future be allowable on NHS prescription only if prescribed generically: this will not harm patients or doctors, though it will have financial consequences for some companies.Some of these concerns could be addressed through the Pharmaceutical Pricing Regulations Scheme, although this will reduce the possible financial savings.Some patients and doctors may not continue to have their favourite preparation available on the NHS, with most controversy likely to arise from any limitation of the range of oral contraceptives.Doctors need to concentrate on their prescribing policies where growth in the volume and cost ofprescriptions has been high and marketing aggressive and the therapeutic advantage of new products is questionable.New drugs for depression, asthma, peptic ulceration, and hyperlipidaemia fall into this category.The selected list is not the solution to the problem of escalating prescribing costs, and the danger is that it will distract prescribers from what they need to do.Finally, it seems likely that the expanded list will be introduced too late this financial year to have anything like its intended financial impact.
Corrigendum to: “Clinical Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Once-Daily Fesoterodine in Subjects with Overactive Bladder” [Eur Urol 2007;52:1204–12]
Authors: Christopher Chapple, Philip Van Kerrebroeck, Andrea Tubaro, Cornelia Haag-Molkenteller, Hans-Theo Forst, Ute Massow, Joseph Wang, Marina Brodsky
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Quantitative relationships between potassium-43 imaging and left ventricular cineangiography following myocardial infarction in man.
Authors: B L Zaret, S C Vlay, G S Freedman, S Wolfson, L S Cohen
Journal: Circulation (1975)

To evaluate the quantitative relationships between resting potassium-43 (43K) myocardial imaging and left ventricular segmental contraction abnormalities, 15 patients were studied by both radionuclide and contrast angiographic techniques at least two months following transmural myocardial infarction. The ECG location of infarction involved the anterior wall alone in six patients, inferior wall alone in three patients, both anterior and inferior walls in five patients, and in one patient ECG-anatomic correlation was obscured by newly developed left bundle branch block. 43K defects were noted in all patients. Anterior wall 43K defects were noted in all patients with previous anterior infarction and seven of nine inferior infarcts. These 43K defects were associated with a quantifiable decrease in regional radioactivity of at least 20% of normal appearing zones, and their location correlated with the angiographic site of akinesis or dyskinesis. The extent of the 43K defect (% 43K HP [% potassium 43 hypoperfusion]) was measured by planimetry and averaged 49% of the anterior view image (range 25-66%), 43% of the left anterior oblique image (range 0-58%), with the mean of both views being 47% (range 17-62%). The mean total area of the anterior image was 58 cm2 (range 40-101 cm2). The extent of the 43K defect (% 43K HP) was related to the extent of segmental contraction abnormality (% ACS). Correlations between % ACS and anterior view % 43K HP (r = 0.67), left anterior oblique % 43K HP (r = 0.54), and mean % 43K HP (r = 0.77) were found. The total size of the anterior view image correlated with left ventricular end-diastolic volume (r = 0.79). Thus, in this initial group of patients following transmural infarction, potassium-43 imaging can be accurately and quantitatively correlated with the site and extent of regional ventricular dysfunction as it is assessed by quantitative left ventricular angiography.
ACCURATE QUANTIFICATION OF CHRONIC MITRAL REGURGITATION BY AUTOMATED TRUE 3-D PROXIMAL ISOVELOCITY SURFACE AREA USING REAL-TIME VOLUME COLOR FLOW DOPPLER TRANSTHORACIC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: IN VITRO AND CLINICAL VALIDATION
Authors: Paaladinesh Thavendiranathan, Shizhen Liu, Saurabh Datta, Thomas Ryan, Stephen Igo, Matthew S. Jackson, Nathalie De Michelis, Stephen Little, Mani Vannan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Germany at centre of rationing row as budget in crisis
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2003)

In a controversial move, the head of the youth organisation of Germany's opposition Christian Democratic party has suggested that patients aged over 85 should not receive new hips or dentures in an attempt to reduce the country's already overstretched healthcare budget.

In doing so, 23 year old Philip Missfelder has reopened a public debate on the rationing of health care in Germany.

Earlier this summer a television report stirred emotions when two experts, Joachim Wiemeyer, theology professor from Bochum university, and Friedrich Breyer, economist from Konstanz University, had asked the government to abstain from operations in elderly patients older than 75. Their suggestion of rationing was publicly condemned …
On Real-Time Estimates of Blood Glucose Levels
Authors: George Treviño
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

I would like to extend my apologies to Gibson et al. (1) for having misunderstood their description of the feedback about blood glucose levels offered to patients in their trial of a real-time telemedicine system (2) and for incorrectly attributing a quotation from an article by Bode et al. (3) to their …
Evaluation of the Virtual Mentor Cataract Training Program
Authors: Bonnie An Henderson, Jae Yong Kim, Karl C. Golnik, Thomas A. Oetting, Andrew G. Lee, Nicholas J. Volpe, Maria Aaron, Tara A. Uhler, Anthony Arnold, James P. Dunn, N. Venkatesh Prajna, Anne Marie Lane, John I. Loewenstein
Journal: Ophthalmology (2009)
Prevalences of Type 2 Diabetes, the Insulin Resistance Syndrome, and Coronary Heart Disease in an Elderly, Biethnic Population
Authors: Robert D Lindeman, Linda J Romero, Rosalina Hundley, Andrew S Allen, Hwa Chi Liang, Richard N Baumgartner, Kathleen M Koehler, David S Schade, Philip J Garry
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE To compare the prevalences of type 2 diabetes, the various cardiovascular risk factors encompassing the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS), and coronary heart disease (CHD) in elderly Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Elderly Hispanics (n = 414) and non-Hispanic whites (n = 469), randomly selected from the Medicare rolls of Bernalillo County (Albuquerque, NM; age ≥ 65 years), underwent a home interview followed by an interview/examination by a nurse-practitioner, nurse, and nutritionist that included an evaluation of glucose tolerance. Prevalences of total and central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and microalbuminuria also were determined. History of myocardial infarction, recent angina, and/or coronary bypass graft, and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were used to document CHD. RESULTS Elderly Hispanics had twice the prevalence of type 2 diabetes compared with non-Hispanic whites, but the prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance was not increased in Hispanics. Mean serum fasting and 2-h post-glucola insulin concentrations, fasting insulin resistance indexes, and HbA1c were higher in Hispanics. Hispanics were shorter, weighed less, and had more total body and central obesity. The higher prevalences of dyslipidemia in Hispanics could be explained by a higher prevalence of diabetes. The prevalences of hypertension and CHD were not different for the two ethnic groups. CONCLUSIONS Elderly Hispanics had twice the prevalence of diabetes and higher prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors associated with IRS. Prevalences of hypertension and CHD were similar in the two ethnic groups.
RESPONSIVENESS OF SELENOPROTEINS TO DIETARY SELENIUM,
Authors: Christian B. Allan, Gerard M. Lacourciere, Thressa C. Stadtman
Journal: Annual Review of Nutrition (1999)

Selenocysteine-containing enzymes that have been identified in mammals include the glutathione peroxidase family (GPX1, GPX2, GPX3, and GPX4), one or more iodothyronine deiodinases and two thioredixin reductases. Selenoprotein P, a glycoprotein that contains 10 selenocysteine residues per 43 kDa polypeptide and selenoprotein W, a 10 kDa muscle protein, are unidentified as to function. Levels of all of these selenocysteine-containing proteins in various tissues are affected to different extents by selenium availability. Increased amounts of selenoproteins observed in response to selenium supplementation were shown in several studies to correlate with increases in the corresponding mRNA levels. In general, selenoprotein levels in brain are less sensitive to dietary selenium fluctuation than the corresponding selenoprotein levels in other tissues.
Acute renal failure after intravenous anti‐D immune globulin in an adult with immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Nancy S. Chun, Bipin Savani, Richard H. Seder, Mary Ellen Taplin
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2003)

Abstract Intravenous anti‐D immune globulin (anti‐D IGIV) is indicated for the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) in nonsplenectomized patients who are Rh(D)‐positive. Recent reports have described episodes of intravascular hemolysis (IVH) and acute renal failure (ARF) after anti‐D IGIV. We report the first adult patient with ITP who required and received dialysis after IVH and ARF complicating treatment with anti‐D IGIV. Whether the transfusion of 2 units of Rh(D)‐positive red cells, indicated for the resulting anemia, exacerbated the IVH and renal failure is unclear. Three weeks after the administration of anti‐D IGIV (13 days after two hemodialysis treatments), the patient's renal function had returned to normal. This case highlights the infrequent but potentially serious side effects of anti‐D IGIV and the need to monitor a patient's renal function closely if there is evidence of IVH after infusion of anti‐D IGIV. If red cell transfusion is indicated, we recommend the use of Rh(D)‐negative red cell products. Am. J. Hematol. 74:276–279, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antihypertensive agents and prevention of dementia
Authors: C. J Maxwell, D. B Hogan
Journal: BMJ (2010)

It is plausible that some of these drugs cut dementia risk

About 36 million people worldwide have a form of dementia such as Alzheimer’s disease. If survival, prevention, or treatment do not improve dramatically, this number could double over the next 20 years.1 In the search for interventions to delay or prevent this condition, vascular risk factors have attracted attention. Various studies have shown an association between mid-life hypertension (especially if untreated) and the likelihood of developing dementia,2 3 raising the possibility that antihypertensives might offer an effective form of prevention.

In the linked study (doi:10.1136/bmj.b5465), Li and colleagues report on the possible role of angiotensin receptor blockers in reducing the risk of dementia and slowing progression.4 

Several prospective cohort studies show an association between pharmacotherapy for hypertension and a lower risk of cognitive decline or incident dementia (in people under 75 years).3 5 Patients with Alzheimer’s disease treated with antihypertensives seem to have better cognitive outcomes.6 With a few exceptions,5 these observational studies assessed only baseline drug exposure and did not examine the duration of treatment or changes over time. Other concerns include limited study duration, selective loss to follow-up, and confounding by indication. In addition, failure to have a long enough …
Clopidogrel in acute coronary syndromes
Authors: D. Chua, A. Ignaszewski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

#### Summary points

Clopidogrel is well established in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes and is ubiquitous in cardiology practice. Landmark studies have established the importance of clopidogrel in the treatment of non-ST and ST elevation myocardial infarction and in percutaneous coronary intervention by reducing death, reinfarction, and adverse cardiac events. Knowledge of the benefits, risks, and duration of clopidogrel treatment is important for clinicians caring for patients presenting with and recovering from acute coronary syndromes. This review examines the recent key trials of clopidogrel in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes, as well as current cardiac guidelines from several professional societies.

#### Sources and selection criteria

We reviewed the most recent guidelines from the American College of Cardiology, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence, European Society of Cardiology, and American College of Chest Physicians on the use of clopidogrel in myocardial infarction. The landmark trials discussed in the above guidelines were retrieved for further review. We also searched for subsequent publications in this area by the key authors of the landmark trials. We searched Medline, Cochrane Library, and Embase using the terms “clopidogrel”, “thienopyridine”, “myocardial infarction”, “acute coronary syndrome”, “percutaneous coronary intervention”, “coronary stent”, and “coronary artery disease” for any additional landmark studies, …
RhoE is frequently down-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and suppresses HCC invasion through antagonizing the Rho/Rho-Kinase/Myosin phosphatase target pathway
Authors: Wei Ma, Carmen Chak-Lui Wong, Edmund Kwok-Kwan Tung, Chun Ming Wong, Irene Oi-Lin Ng
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

Deregulation of Rho guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) pathways plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). RhoE/Rnd3 belongs to an atypical subfamily of the RhoGTPase, the Rnd family, as it lacks the intrinsic GTPase activity and remains always in its active GTP-bound form. In this study we investigated the role of RhoE in HCC. We examined the expression of RhoE in primary HCC samples from patients predominantly infected with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and found that the RhoE messenger RNA (mRNA) level was frequently down-regulated (83.1%, 59/71) in HCCs. Low expression of RhoE in the tumors was significantly associated with shorter disease-free survival (P = 0.020) of the patients. Knockdown of RhoE by short-hairpin RNA using a lentiviral approach led to increased cell motility and invasiveness in SMMC7721 and BEL7402 HCC cells. Moreover, in vivo an orthotopic liver injection model in nude mice further demonstrated that knockdown of RhoE enhanced local invasion of HCC cells in the livers, with more invasive tumor front and increased incidence of venous invasion. Mechanistically, stable knockdown of RhoE in HCC cells significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase, promoted assembly of stress fibers, and increased the formation of plasma membrane blebbings, all these changes and activities being associated with activation of the Rho/Rho-kinase (ROCK) pathway.RhoE was frequently down-regulated in predominantly HBV-associated HCCs and this down-regulation was associated with a more aggressive HCC phenotype. RhoE regulated the cytoskeleton remodeling and suppressed HCC motility and invasiveness by way of inhibiting the Rho/ROCK axis.
Intrinsic Connectivity Identifies the Hippocampus as a Main Crossroad between Alzheimer’s and Semantic Dementia-Targeted Networks
Authors: Renaud La Joie, Brigitte Landeau, Audrey Perrotin, Alexandre Bejanin, Stéphanie Egret, Alice Pélerin, Florence Mézenge, Serge Belliard, Vincent de La Sayette, Francis Eustache, Béatrice Desgranges, Gaël Chételat
Journal: Neuron (2014)