tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The molecular genetics of autoimmune liver disease
Authors: P DONALDSON
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

The dual observations that human leukocyte antigens have an antigen-binding groove and that the polymorphism we study as human leukocyte antigen types is largely related to amino acid substitutions in and around that groove have provided a new focus for immunogenetic studies. In autoimmune liver disease, recent studies have described specific amino acid substitutions in the antigen-binding groove of human leukocyte antigen DR molecules that may determine both disease susceptibility, through their direct influence on antigen binding, and the severity of the disease. In autoimmune hepatitis, lysine residues at DRβ position 71 in European subjects and arginine or histidine residues at DRβ position 13 in Japanese subjects may be responsible for much human leukocyte antigen—encoded disease susceptibility. Similar claims have been made for leucine residues at DRβ 38 in primary sclerosing cholangitis and for leucine residues at DPβ 35 in Japanese patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. To date, our knowledge of genetic susceptibility to autoimmune liver disease is incomplete. Other genes may contribute to susceptibility to autoimmune liver disease—for example the contribution of TAP genes, upstream promoter sequences and class III genes on chromosome 6 and the T-cell receptor genes and complement genes elsewhere in the human genome is currently unclear. Additional information concerning the immunogenetic contribution to disease severity is needed to complete the picture. (Hepatology 1994;20:225–239.)
The Effect of Large Dosages of Irradiation on Gastric Acidity
Authors: Irving B. Brick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

IN PREVIOUS articles cases of gastric ulceration and the complications of hemorrhage and perforation incident to abdominal irradiation have been reported.1 2 In 6 cases, 4 of which are illustrated in Table 1, it was necessary to perform gastric resection. In these cases, as well as in many others of a similar type, treatment was given at the Radiation Therapy Section, Walter Reed General Hospital, for retroperitoneal metastatic disease or as a prophylaxis Therefore in cases of testicular tumor. A 1,000,000-volt machine was used, and with the technics devised by Lieutenant Colonel Milton Friedman the dosage delivered to the stomach could be . . .
Importance of Outpatient Supervision in the Prognosis of Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus: A Cost/Benefit Analysis
Authors: Torsten Deckert, Jacob E Poulsen, Mogens Larsen
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

The object of this study was to investigate whether outpatient follow-up visits to a subspecialized clinic have a favorable effect upon length of life of juvenile diabetic patients, and to evaluate whether the cost of suchoutpatient supervision is in reasonable proportion to the benefit obtained. The study comprises 180 insulin-dependent diabetic patients in whom a diagnosis had been made before 1933, and before they were 31 years of age. The patients had been admitted to the Steno Memorial Hospital before their fifteenth year of diabetes. Sixteen patients could not be traced after forty years of diabetes, while the others were followed until death or until their fortieth year with diabetes. Seventy-seven patients never attended follow-up in the outpatient clinic, while the others attended one to 145 times in thecourse of their first twenty years of diabetes. From the results it is apparent that the duration of diabetes correlated with increased frequency of outpatient follow-up. With 4.4 annual outpatient follow-up visits, the duration of diabetes was prolonged by 11.9 years. The cost of this was estimated at $10,468 per patient over forty years. The benefit per patient over the entire forty years was $100,656. These findings suggest that outpatient supervision of diabetes in a subspecialized clinic is beneficial for patients and involves relatively little cost.
Chitosan nanoparticles for siRNA delivery: Optimizing formulation to increase stability and efficiency
Authors: H. Ragelle, R. Riva, G. Vandermeulen, B. Naeye, V. Pourcelle, C.S. Le Duff, C. D'Haese, B. Nysten, K. Braeckmans, S.C. De Smedt, C. Jérôme, V. Préat
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2014)
Osteomyelitis Due to Pseudomonas pseudomallei
Authors: Kenneth A. Borchardt
Journal: JAMA (1966)

WHITMORE and Krishnaswami,<sup>1</sup>in 1915, reported the discovery of a gram-negative bacterium that caused an infectious disease not previously described, later named melioidosis by Stanton and Fletcher.<sup>3</sup>Melioidosis is endemic in Southeastern Asia and Guam.<sup>3</sup> The diagnosis of melioidosis is complicated because the etiological agent may be confused with other nonpathogenic gram-negative bacteria.<sup>4</sup>Moreover, a variety of organs can be involved in the chronic form so that the disease also mimics viral, rickettsial, and fungal infections.<sup>2,5</sup> The following case report demonstrates acute and chronic melioidosis resulting in osteomyelitis. The etiological agent was identified culturally, by the fluorescent antibody technique, and animal pathogenicity studies. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> In August 1963, this 21-year-old Negro man was hospitalized in South Vietnam with pneumonia thought to be of viral origin. The pneumonia did not resolve spontaneously and he was treated with tetracycline and sulfisoxazole diethanolamine to which he
Standardised consultations in primary care
Authors: P. Croft, M. Porcheret
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Are beneficial for some conditions, but should their extent be limited? 

How much of primary care should be standardised? The drive for evidence based quality has precipitated guidelines and protocols aimed at setting standards and reducing variation in clinical care. Yet the personal and continuing approach to care, typified by the general practice consultation, sits uneasily with such requirements for uniformity. Some commentators predict that changes in clinical practice towards care based on more formulaic protocols will lead to the disappearance of the family practitioner.1 Others have highlighted the practical and conceptual barriers that general practitioners face when asked to implement the increasing number of guidelines and decision tools.2 However, the central concern driving the idea of standardisation is the frequent gaps and variations between evidence and practice. In the linked randomised controlled trial (doi:10.1136/bmj.b421), Ravaud and colleagues assess the effect of standardised consultations about body weight and physical exercise in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. 

Standardisation of procedures is not uncommon or new in primary care. Routine systematic coding of morbidity and activity has transformed consultation records in general practice. Efficient …
Renal expression of transforming growth factor-β inducible gene-h3 (βig-h3) in normal and diabetic rats
Authors: Richard E. Gilbert, Jennifer L. Wilkinson-Berka, David W. Johnson, Alison Cox, Tina Soulis, Leonard L. Wu, Darren J. Kelly, George Jerums, Carol A. Pollock, Mark E. Cooper
Journal: Kidney International (1998)
A PROTOZOÖN GENERAL INFECTION PRODUCING PSEUDOTUBERCLES IN THE LUNGS AND FOCAL NECROSES IN THE LIVER, SPLEEN AND LYMPHNODES.
Authors: SAMUEL T. DARLING
Journal: JAMA (1906)

On Dec. 7, 1905, while examining smears from the lungs, spleen and bone marrow in a case that appeared to be miliary tuberculosis of the lungs, I found enor- mous numbers of small bodies generally oval or round.Most of them were intracellular in alveolar epithelial cells, while others appeared to be free in the plasma of the spleen and rib marrow.Tubercle bacilli were absent.The following is an account of the case:Patient.\p=m-\C.D., negro from Martinique, aged 27, occupa- tion carpenter; address, Paraiso, a village in the Canal Zone.History.\p=m-\Thepatient had been a resident of the zone three months.While in Martinique he had suffered from some mental disturbance.His present illness dates from Sept. 15, 1905, when he complained of fever and vomiting.Condition on Admission to Hospital.\p=m-\OnenteringAncon Hospital Dec. 5, 1905, he was mildly delirious and incoherent.Lungs were clear; abdomen was scaphoid; spleen was en- larged.Blood: Negative for malarial parasites, leucocytosis, 2200.Hemoglobin: 60 per cent.(Dare's).
Germline mutations in the ribonuclease L gene in families showing linkage with HPC1
Authors: J. Carpten, N. Nupponen, S. Isaacs, R. Sood, C. Robbins, J. Xu, M. Faruque, T. Moses, C. Ewing, E. Gillanders, P. Hu, P. Bujnovszky, I. Makalowska, A. Baffoe-Bonnie, D. Faith, J. Smith, D. Stephan, K. Wiley, M. Brownstein, D. Gildea, B. Kelly, R. Jenkins, G. Hostetter, M. Matikainen, J. Schleutker, K. Klinger, T. Connors, Y. Xiang, Z. Wang, A. De Marzo, N. Papadopoulos, O.-P. Kallioniemi, R. Burk, D. Meyers, H. Grönberg, P. Meltzer, R. Silverman, J. Bailey-Wilson, P. Walsh, W. Isaacs, J. Trent
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
Myocardial function in acute glomerulonephritis
Authors: R. D. Bradley, B. S. Jenkins, M. A. Branthwaite
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1971)

Journal Article Myocardial function in acute glomerulonephritis Get access R. D. Bradley, R. D. Bradley From the Department of Clinical Physiology, St. Thomas's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar B. S. Jenkins, B. S. Jenkins From the Department of Clinical Physiology, St. Thomas's Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. A. Branthwaite M. A. Branthwaite 1 From the Department of Clinical Physiology, St. Thomas's Hospital, London 1Present address: Brompton Hospital, Fulham Road, s.w.3. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 5, Issue 2, April 1971, Pages 223–225, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/5.2.223 Published: 01 April 1971
Successful treatment of anemia in idiopathic myelofibrosis with recombinant human erythropoietin
Authors: Hans Carl Hasselbalch, Nielsaage Tøffner Clausen, Bjarne Anker Jensen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2002)

Abstract Thirteen patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis (5 osteomyelosclerosis) were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEpo) for transfusion‐dependent anemia. All but 7 patients were concomitantly treated with alpha interferon, and 5 patients also received a interferon before the start of erythropoietin (EPO) treatment. All but two patients became transfusion independent. The highly positive results of the present study of transfusion‐dependent patients with idiopathic myelofibrosis calls for further studies to delineate more precisely in larger series those patients who are likely to respond to rHuEpo. Am. J. Hematol. 70:92–99, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Hormonal management of advanced breast cancer.
Authors: B. A. Stoll
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Breast cancer is the most common form of malignant disease to affect women in Europe and North America. About two in three of all cases will require palliative treatment in the later stages of the disease, and their management is therefore a rela tively common problem. For this purpose hormonal therapy has a considerable advantage over treatment by surgery, radia tion, or cytotoxic agents in that it does not significantly damage normal tissues. In addition, it is capable of controlling even widely disseminated breast cancer as a result of changes in the hormonal environment of the tumour. Unfortunately, in our present stage of knowledge, endocrine control of tumour growth activity is always temporary.
Endothelium-dependent vasoregulation of coronary artery diameter and blood flow.
Authors: R A Vogel
Journal: Circulation (1993)

C oronary vasoregulation, the control of coronary artery diameter and blood flow, is an important and complex physiological function in which the endothelium plays a key role.'Many chemical and mechanical stimuli affect numerous endothelial cell receptors, triggering multiple signal transduction mech- anisms and resulting in the release of several local activators.2The net effects on coronary artery diameter and blood flow often result from opposing direct smooth muscle and endothelium-mediated actions.Nitric oxide (NO) is thought to be the predominant local endothe- lium-dependent vasodilator.3In this issue of Circulation, Lefroy et a14 report the effects of intracoronary infusion of N0-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), a specific inhibitor of NO synthesis, in 12 normal subjects.In the basal state, L-NMMA reduced distal coronary artery diameter and coronary artery blood flow.As previously demonstrated,5 intracoronary acetylcholine increased distal arterial diameter and blood flow.After L-NMMA infusion, acetylcholine (10-`mol/L) did not increase diameter but did increase coronary blood flow.This study underscores the role of NO in the maintenance of basal arterial diameter and blood flow and, importantly, suggests that acetylcholine regulates resistance vessel diameter through a non-NO mechanism.Interpretation of clinical studies in this complex area requires an understanding of four key issues: differences in the control of arterial diameter and blood flow, stimulus concentration, site specificity, and presence of vascular disease. See p 43Epicardial Versus Resistance Vessel Regulation In general, vasoactive stimuli tend to change coronary artery diameter and blood flow in the same direction, although different agents affect epicardial and resis- tance vessels in different proportions.6-8Epicardial and resistance vessels also function interactively.In the presence of normal endothelial function, downstream- induced hyperemia results in flow-mediated epicardial vasodilatation.This response is lost in the presence of abnormal endothelial function and/or significant epicar- dial stenosis,9,10 resulting in vasoconstriction during
Role of the eaeA gene in experimental enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection.
Authors: M S Donnenberg, C O Tacket, S P James, G Losonsky, J P Nataro, S S Wasserman, J B Kaper, M M Levine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infections are a leading cause of infant diarrhea in developing countries. Recently eaeA, a gene necessary for the characteristic intimate attachment of EPEC to epithelial cells in tissue culture, was described. We conducted a randomized, double-blind study to determine the role of the eaeA gene in human EPEC infection. 11 adult volunteers ingested 2 x 10(10) colony-forming units of O127:H6 EPEC strain E2348/69, and an equal number received the same dose of an isogenic eaeA deletion mutant constructed from E2348/69. Volunteers were monitored for the development of diarrhea, fever, and systemic and gastrointestinal complaints. Diarrhea developed in all 11 volunteers who received E2348/69 and in 4 of 11 who received the mutant (P = 0.002). Fever was more common in recipients of the wild-type strain (P = 0.024). Stool volumes were lower in recipients of the mutant. All volunteers seroconverted to E2348/69 LPS, but the geometric mean peak titers of serum IgG and IgA in recipients of the mutant were lower than those of recipients of the wild-type strain. IgA against LPS was detected in the jejunal fluid of six of six recipients of E2348/69 and 5/6 recipients of the mutant. This study unambiguously assigns a role for eaeA as an EPEC virulence gene, but the residual diarrhea seen in recipients of the mutant indicates that other factors are involved.
Brain, Mind and the Structure of Reality
Authors: Scott C. Molitor
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Higher platelet counts are associated with greater thrombus burden in patent arteries following thrombolytic administration: A TIMI angiographic substudy
Authors: C. Michael Gibson, Sabina A. Murphy, Graham C. Wong, Elliott M. Antman, Susan J. Marble, Rupal Kalapanda, Nicole Kraimer, Rosemary Markovic, Christopher P. Cannon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Orchestration and Prognostic Significance of Immune Checkpoints in the Microenvironment of Primary and Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer
Authors: Nicolas A. Giraldo, Etienne Becht, Franck Pagès, Georgios Skliris, Virginie Verkarre, Yann Vano, Arnaud Mejean, Nicolas Saint-Aubert, Laetitia Lacroix, Ivo Natario, Audrey Lupo, Marco Alifano, Diane Damotte, Aurelie Cazes, Frederic Triebel, Gordon J. Freeman, Marie-Caroline Dieu-Nosjean, Stephane Oudard, Wolf H. Fridman, Catherine Sautès-Fridman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has shown durable responses to checkpoint blockade therapies. However, important gaps persist in the understanding of its immune microenvironment. This study aims to investigate the expression and prognostic significance of immune checkpoints in primary and metastatic ccRCC, in relation with mature dendritic cells (DC) and T-cell densities.We investigated the infiltration and the localization of CD8(+) T cells and mature DC, and the expression of immune checkpoints (PD-1, LAG-3, PD-L1, and PD-L2) in relation with prognosis, in 135 primary ccRCC tumors and 51 ccRCC lung metastases. RNA expression data for 496 primary ccRCC samples were used as confirmatory cohort.We identify two groups of tumors with extensive CD8(+) T-cell infiltrates. One group, characterized by high expression of immune checkpoints in the absence of fully functional mature DC, is associated with increased risk of disease progression. The second group, characterized by low expression of immune checkpoints and localization of mature DC in peritumoral immune aggregates (tertiary lymphoid structures), is associated with good prognosis.The expression of the immune checkpoints and the localization of DC in the tumor microenvironment modulate the clinical impact of CD8(+) T cells in ccRCC.
Impaired TH17 responses in patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis with and without autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy
Authors: Wan-Fai Ng, Alexei von Delwig, Andrew J. Carmichael, Peter D. Arkwright, Mario Abinun, Andrew J. Cant, Stephen Jolles, Desa Lilic
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Treatment of Herniated Lumbar Disk Syndrome With Chymopapain
Authors: Manucher J. Javid
Journal: JAMA (1980)

One hundred twenty-four patients with herniated lumbar disks received intradiskal injections of chymopapain before the Food and Drug Administration's withdrawal of the drug. One year after injection, 90 patients (72.6%) experienced major improvement, 21 (16.9%) had slight improvement, and 13 (10.5%) had no improvement. Of those patients who had no previous back surgery and who were not compensation cases, 77 patients (81%) had marked improvement, 13 (13.7%) had slight improvement, and five (5.3%) had no improvement. Three- to six-year follow-ups were obtained by questionnaire. Of the 114 patients responding, overall 83 patients (72.8%) had marked improvement, and 75 (83.3%) of those with no previous surgery and who were not workmen's compensation cases had major improvement. Since all patients met objective criteria for diskectomy, favorable results from chemonucleolysis spared most the trauma of surgery and its attendant convalescence. These results indicate that chemonucleolysis can and should be considered an advantageous alternative to surgery in appropriately selected patients.
Medicine and Shakespeare in the English Renaissance
Authors: Bernadine Z. Paulshock
Journal: JAMA (1993)

It is fascinating to me that scholars are still writing new books about various aspects of Shakespeare's opus: 37 plays and about 26 poems and sonnets, not including the newly found alleged one of a few years ago. What's left to say? What can be the new twist that encourages the publication of books such as this one? The library catalog at Professor Hoeniger's university, the University of Delaware, is one I use frequently (although I have never met Professor Hoeniger). For "medicine and Shakespeare," the catalog lists fifteen entries from 1839 onward, Hoeniger's being the newest. There are also 202 entries listed under "knowledge and Shakespeare," entries that include such specialized attention as "suffocating mothers," "sword fighting," "the hazards of ambition," and 199 more! The most recent, intriguingly titled<i>Desire and Anxiety: Circulations of Sexuality in Shakespearian Drama</i>,<sup>1</sup>might have been included by the catalogers in the list
Nasal eosinophilia and IL-5 mRNA expression in seasonal allergic rhinitis induced by natural allergen exposure: Effect of topical corticosteroids☆☆☆★★★
Authors: K MASUYAMA, S TILL, M JACOBSON, A KAMIL, L CAMERON, S JULIUSSON, O LOWHAGEN, A KAY, Q HAMID, S DURHAM
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1998)
Reducing environmental risk associated with laboratory decommissioning and property transfer.
Authors: R Dufault, E Abelquist, S Crooks, D Demers, L DiBerardinis, T Franklin, M Horowitz, C Petullo, G Sturchio
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

The need for more or less space is a common laboratory problem. Solutions may include renovating existing space, leaving or demolishing old space, or acquiring new space or property for building. All of these options carry potential environmental risk. Such risk can be the result of activities related to the laboratory facility or property (e.g., asbestos, underground storage tanks, lead paint), or the research associated with it (e.g., radioactive, microbiological, and chemical contamination). Regardless of the option chosen to solve the space problem, the potential environmental risk must be mitigated and the laboratory space and/or property must be decommissioned or rendered safe prior to any renovation, demolition, or property transfer activities. Not mitigating the environmental risk through a decommissioning process can incur significant financial liability for any costs associated with future decommissioning cleanup activities. Out of necessity, a functioning system, environmental due diligence auditing, has evolved over time to assess environmental risk and reduce associated financial liability. This system involves a 4-phase approach to identify, document, manage, and clean up areas of environmental concern or liability, including contamination. Environmental due diligence auditing includes a) historical site assessment, b) characterization assessment, c) remedial effort and d) final status survey. General practice standards from the American Society for Testing and Materials are available for conducting the first two phases. However, standards have not yet been developed for conducting the third and final phases of the environmental due diligence auditing process. Individuals involved in laboratory decommissioning work in the biomedical research industry consider this a key weakness.