tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IMPROVED TECHNIC FOR BLOOD-COUNTS: RAPID METHOD FOR SECURING EXACT AMOUNT OF SUSPENSION
Authors: Allan Eustis
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Many clinicians regard total white or red counts as an arduous and lengthy procedure. After noticing that most of their time has been consumed in trying to drop the exact amount of suspension on the counting-chamber, I feel justified in calling attention to the technic which I have found for many years both rapid and exact. It may be original or I may have observed some one else doing the same thing, but so far as I know it is original, and none of the text-books on laboratory technic covers the point in question, being content To say: "A small drop of the solution (?) is carefully placed on the center of the counting-chamber, that is, over the ruled scale. The cover-glass is immediately adjusted before the corpuscles can sink, and pressed down at the margin until Newton's rings appear. If these do not remain after
How do we make the Liverpool care pathway's laudable aspirations reality?
Authors: E. Palmer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Some concerns about the Liverpool care pathway expressed in recent newspaper articles are sadly true,1 2 but Spence gives the other side of the story.3

Life is uncertain. Death is rarely 100% predictable, even by the best doctors. Dying can be much more difficult—physically and emotionally—than we would wish. Undertreatment and overtreatment in the last days of life …
Neodymium 3-Sulpho-isonicotinate and Blood Coagulation
Authors: R. B. Hunter, W. Walker
Journal: BMJ (1956)

PERITONEOSCOPY ConclusionsOur experience with peritoneoscopy leads us to believe that it is a safe, and minor, procedure which, if employed with due regard to its limitations, will give information that could otherwise be obtained only by laparotomy.Obesity and abdominal adhesions are contraindications to peritoneoscopy because no useful information is likely to be obtained.Peritoneoscopy is unnecessary if the patient certainly needs an operation for treatment, but it may indi- cate the necessity for operation when this is in doubt.Peritoneoscopy is most successful in the diagnosis of liver disease, ascites, and abdominal masses, and in estimating the spread of abdominal malignant disease.When employed for a definite indication peritoneoscopy achieves its purpose in nearly 90% of technically successful cases.Peritoneo- scopic biopsy has been used in very few of our cases, but its value is unquestioned.We shall continue to use it with caution because of its dangers. SummaryThe results of peritoneoscopy in 136 patients are re.ported.There was no mortality, and only minor com- plications were encountered.In 79.4% of all cases, and in nearly 90% of the technically successful examinations, useful diagnostic information was obtained by peritoneoscopy.Peritoneoscopy has its chief value in diagnosing the nature of hepatomegaly and ascites.In suitable cases it saves the need for laparotomy, and is much safer, more comfortable, and more rapid, both in performance and in recovery of the patient.Our thanks are due to the Clinical Research Committee of the Middlesex Hospital for a grant to one of us (A.W. N.), during
Glycolysis as Primary Energy Source in Tumor Cell Chemotaxis
Authors: M. E. Beckner, M. L. Stracke, L. A. Liotta, E. Schiffmann
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

The energy requirements via glycolytic pathways were directly measured in migrating tumor cells. Motility in the metastatic human melanoma cell line A2058, stimulated by insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I), depends on glycolysis in the presence of glucose as its principal source of energy. Motility in glucose-free medium was 75% reduced and utilized mitochondrial respiration (inhibited by oligomycin). With increasing (physiologic) glucose concentrations, there was a dramatic shift to anaerobic glycolysis as the energy source and 93% elimination of the oligomycin inhibition of motility. Oxamate, an inhibitor of glycolysis, inhibited motility at all glucose concentrations. CO2 production from glycolysis and from the hexose monophosphate shunt was measured in migrating tumor cells. The time course and glucose-dose dependence of glycolytic CO2 production correlated directly with motility. In contrast, mitochondrial CO2 production was inversely related to glucose concentration. A monoclonal antibody for the IGF-I receptor inhibited both motility and glycolytic CO2 production, indicating that both processes are receptor mediated.
Nonselective Loss of Contrast Sensitivity in Visual System Testing in Early Type I Diabetes
Authors: Mauro AS Di Leo, Salvatore Caputo, Benedetto Falsini, Vittorio Porciatti, Angelo Minnella, Aldo V Greco, Giovanni Ghirlanda
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objective Psychophysical methods in patients with diabetes mellitus reveal deficits of central or foveal vision. Our aim was to evaluate the contrast-sensitivity thresholds in 24 insulin-dependent (type I) diabetic patients with a short disease duration and without retinopathy, taking into account metabolic control. Research Design and Methods The control group consisted of age-matched nondiabetic subjects. None had visual or systemic symptoms. Contrast sensitivity measured at eight different spatial frequencies to sinusoidal bar patterns of 0.6–12.2 cycles/deg can detect functional defects in the spatially sensitive retinal ganglion cells or in higher visual pathways. We performed two different temporal types of contrast-sensitivity testing, dynamic (8 Hz) and static (0 Hz). Results Significant losses with dynamic contrast-sensitivity test at all but the highest spatial frequencies (i.e., 12.2 cycles/deg) were shown, whereas there was significant attenuation of contrast sensitivity at five spatial frequencies (1.0, 1.4, 2.2, 7.1, and 9.6 cycles/deg) in the static mode. Grating losses (&amp;lt;2SD of control means) of contrast sensitivity were found in 33.3% (dynamic) and in 72.9% (static) of eyes of diabetic patients. HbA1c values were positively correlated at variable spatial frequencies (1.0, 1.4, and 2.2 cycles/deg for dynamic test and 0.6, 1.0, 1.4, 2.2, 4.8, and 7.1 cycles/deg for static test). Conclusions Our results suggest an early, generally nonselective neuronal damage of visual pathways that occurs before the onset of clinically detectable retinopathy. The visual deficit may be related directly to the effects of diabetes; repetitive minor hypoglycemic insults may contribute more than a marked hyperglycemic condition to the mechanisms underlying physiological changes along the optic nerve.
<scp>LAPC</scp>s contribute to the pathogenesis of allergen‐induced allergic airway inflammation in mice
Authors: C. Hawkshaw, J. A. Scott, C.‐W. Chow, E. N. Fish
Journal: Allergy (2014)

Abstract Background The inflammatory immune response associated with allergic airway inflammation in asthma involves T helper type 2 ( T h2) immunity. Given the data that a newly described late activator antigen‐presenting cell ( LAPC ) population promotes T h2 immunity in viral infections, we undertook studies to investigate whether LAPC s have a pathogenic role in allergic airway inflammation. Methods We employed acute ovalbumin ( OVA ) and house dust mite ( HDM ) sensitization and challenge models to establish allergic airway inflammation in mice, followed by the analysis of lungs and draining lymph node ( DLN ) cell infiltrates, immunoglobulin E ( I g E ) production, and airway hyper‐responsiveness ( AHR ). We tested whether adoptive transfer of LAPC s isolated from mice with established allergic airway inflammation augments the development of sensitization in naïve mice. Results We provide evidence that in both OVA and HDM mouse models of allergic inflammation, LAPC s accumulate in the lungs and draining lymph nodes ( DLN s), concomitant with the onset of lung pathology, allergen‐specific I g E production, eosinophilia, and T h2 cytokine production. Adoptive transfer experiments using OVA ‐activated LAPC s reveal exacerbation of disease pathology with an increase in lung inflammatory cells, eosinophilia, circulating I g E , T h2 cytokine production, and a worsening of AHR . OVA ‐activated LAPC s preferentially increased GATA ‐3 induction in naïve CD 4 + T cells. Conclusions Together, these data suggest an important role for LAPC s in polarizing the T h2 response in mouse models of allergic airway inflammation.
Identification of two distinct MYC breakpoint clusters and their association with various IGH breakpoint regions in the t(8;14) translocations in sporadic Burkitt-lymphoma
Authors: K Busch, T Keller, U Fuchs, R-F Yeh, J Harbott, I Klose, J Wiemels, A Novosel, A Reiter, A Borkhardt
Journal: Leukemia (2007)
MENTAL DISORDERS IN TRIPLETS
Authors: Aaron J. Rosanoff, Leva M. Handy, Isabel Rosanoff Plesset
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1939)

Twelve sets of triplets, comprising 33 surviving and three stillborn individuals, were incidentally included, along with over a thousand pairs of twins, collected for the purpose of a study of the etiology of mental disorders. The twins and triplets were selected on the basis of at least one in each pair or set having a mental disorder. Neuropsychiatric conditions were found affecting 17 of the 33 subjects, consisting of subnormal intelligence with or without the following complications: child behavior difficulties, juvenile delinquency, adult criminality, psychotic disease and epilepsy. Comparisons of the monozygotic with the dizygotic pairs of subjects among the triplets have failed to reveal any significant contrast with respect to frequency of concordance. The findings yielded by this material, though limited in amount, serve, nevertheless, not only to confirm the conclusions reached by us from our larger-scale studies of twins, but also to further discount the factor of heredity in the etiology of the conditions under consideration. The neuropsychiatric conditions found were all of types which are often seen as residuals or sequels of cerebral birth trauma.
TREATMENT OF TINEA CAPITIS DUE TO TRICHOPHYTON VIOLACEUM WITH FINE-PARTICLE GRISEOFULVIN.
Authors: L. ZIPRKOWSKI, A. KRAKOWSKI
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1963)

Journal Article TREATMENT OF TINEA CAPITIS DUE TO TRICHOPHYTON VIOLACEUM WITH FINE‐PARTICLE GRISEOFULVIN. Get access L. ZIPRKOWSKI, M.D., L. ZIPRKOWSKI, M.D. Director Department of Dermatology, Tel‐Hashomer Government Hospital, Tel‐Hashomer, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. KRAKOWSKI, L.Sc.M. A. KRAKOWSKI, L.Sc.M. Chief Assistant Department of Dermatology, Tel‐Hashomer Government Hospital, Tel‐Hashomer, Israel Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 75, Issue 4, 1 April 1963, Pages 149–151, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1963.tb13957.x Published: 01 April 1963
Private finance for the public good?
Authors: D. Dawson, A. Maynard
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Early promotion of the British government's private finance initiative (PFI) suggested that everyone would benefit. The initiative is an extension of the government's contracting out policy. A hospital requiring new operating theatres or a scanner must seek competitive tenders from private sector companies both to build and to run these facilities. Under the initiative, an NHS trust does not purchase a scanner, it signs a contract to purchase, say, 1200 scans a year for 10 years. The NHS does not own the scanner so the cost of purchasing the equipment does not appear as a public expenditure. The result, so the enthusiasts predicted, would be that politicians could take credit for higher capital spending, doctors and patients could move from semiderelict buildings to modern facilities, and construction companies in the doldrums of a property recession would have extra work. The initiative would substitute private finance for public funds, and the NHS would have the use of more and newer hospitals, scanners, and incinerators.

But life is full of illusory free lunches. The initiative will not bring new money to the NHS. The services provided by privately financed capital …
Relationship of the genomic complexity of hepatitis C virus with liver disease severity and response to interferon in patients with chronic HCV genotype 1b interferon
Authors: Francesc-Xavier López-Labrador, Sergi Ampurdanès, Mireia Giménez-Barcons, Magdalena Guilera, Josep Costa, María Teresa Jiménez de Anta, Jose M. Sánchez-Tapias, Juan Rodés, Juan-Carlos Sáiz
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

In patients with chronic hepatitis C, the influence of the genetic heterogeneity of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) on the progression of liver disease and on the responsiveness to interferon therapy is a matter of controversy. In this study we evaluated the genetic complexity of HCV by single–strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of amplicons from the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) in 168 patients with chronic genotype 1b HCV infection, of whom 122 received a single course of interferon therapy (3 MU, three times weekly for 6 months). No correlation was observed between the degree of genetic complexity of HCV (indicated by the number of bands in the SSCP assay) and patient age, serum alanine aminotransferase activity, or serum HCV–RNA concentration, measured by competitive polymerase chain reaction. HCV genomic complexity was not related to gender nor to the presumed source of infection. The number of SSCP bands detected in serum samples from patients with chronic hepatitis, either mild (8.1 ± 3.9), moderate (8.0 ± 3.3), or severe (9.2 ± 3.3), and in patients with liver cirrhosis, either compensated (8.0 ± 2.9), decompensated (6.3 ± 2.9), or with superimposed hepatocellular carcinoma (9.5 ± 2.9), was similar. The number of SSCP bands detected in patients with sustained response (7.5 ± 3.9), transient response (8.3 ± 2.9), or no response (8.2 ± 3.6) to interferon administration was similar as well. These observations suggest that the genetic complexity of hypervariable region (HVR1) of HCV, as estimated by SSCP analysis, is not related to the severity of liver injury nor to the type of response to interferon therapy. Thus, information offered by SSCP analysis of HVR1 of HCV in chronic HCV genotype 1b infection does not appear to be useful in the clinical management of these patients.
Cat Scratch Fever and Cocco-Bacillary Bacteria
Authors: CHARLES L. BLUMSTEIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1984Cat Scratch Fever and Cocco-Bacillary BacteriaCHARLES L. BLUMSTEIN, M.D.CHARLES L. BLUMSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-100-5-771_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A recent editorial note on cat scratch disease (1) stimulated Dr. Nagarathinam, an internist on our medical staff, to remind me of a case in which I had made a diagnosis of lymphadenitis (focal abscesses) on a lymph node removed from the left clavicular area in a 21-year-old man.I resurrected the paraffin block and restained sections with Gram and silver stains. The staining showed distinct, small, pleomorphic, cocco-bacillary forms as described by Wear and coworkers (2).We wish to support the discovery of an etiologic agent for cat scratch disease and will be looking for the...References1. EMMONS R. Cat scratch disease: the mystery finally solved [Editorial]? Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:303-4. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WEARMARGILETHHADFIELDFISCHERSCHLAGELKING DATGCF. Cat scratch disease: a bacterial infection. Science. 1983;221;1403-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: CHARLES L. BLUMSTEIN, M.D.Affiliations: East Pointe Hospital Lehigh Acres, FL 33936 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1984Volume 100, Issue 5Page: 771-771KeywordsAbscessesBacteriaFeversLymph nodesMedical staffStaining ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1984 PDF downloadLoading ...
702 VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR IN SERUM AND GENE POLYMORPHISM −634, −936 IN PROGNOSIS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN EGYPTIAN PATIENTS
Authors: M. El-Sayed, M. Salem, I.A. Mandour, A. Mohy, R. El Essawy, D.M. Abdu
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Technique, Indication and Evidence of Sinuscopy
Authors: I. Kuske, A. Karduck
Journal: Endoscopy (1976)

It is reported on experiences made with endoscopy of the maxillary sinus by means of three different angular optics according to Hopkins (0 degree, 30 degrees, 70 degrees). A sinuscopy is indicated in order to obtain an early diagnosis of malignant tumour growth; it is decisive as to an operation of the maxillary sinus to be carried out; it clarifies clinically uncertain maxillary sinus findings. In addition to the usual investigation methods, the sinuscopy allows a direct local diagnosis. Moreover, diagnostic and therapeutic operations may be carried out by means of a biopsy forceps.
Meprobamate Habituation
Authors: Thomas M. Haizlip, John A. Ewing
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

A NUMBER of investigators1 2 3 4 have described withdrawal symptoms after the abrupt cessation of meprobamate§ treatment. Ewing and Fullilove5 reported a case seen in this hospital, and as we observed similar cases our interest was stimulated concerning the problem of the possible undesirable effects of meprobamate.Such reports and our observations suggested the advisability of a study to ascertain the magnitude of this problem. Our primary purpose was to determine whether withdrawal symptoms did occur and if so at what dosage levels and after what period. It was originally proposed to work with 12 experimental groups consisting of 7 subjects in . . .
Individual differences in some special abilities are genetically influenced
Authors: Ada H. Zohar
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

There is a problem with the definition of talent as presented by Howe et al. that makes it dependent on experts' ability to detect it in the untrained. In addition, the choice of musical performance as the example for innate talent is inappropriate, and musical board results are selective and biased tests of it. Outstanding mathematical reasoning ability offers much better evidence of genetic influence.
Organ Donation by Unrelated Donors
Authors: Norman G. Levinsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

The transplantation of organs is a triumph of modern medicine. Life expectancy and the quality of life are greater with kidney transplantation than with maintenance dialysis. Successful liver and heart transplantations are lifesaving. However, the gap between the need for organs and their supply has widened progressively over the past decade. In 1999, 6448 people in the United States died while waiting for an organ transplant; 3088 of them were waiting for a kidney, and 1767 for a liver (United Network for Organ Sharing: unpublished data, May 6, 2000).These grim facts have led to growing pressure to increase the . . .
Abstract 2537: Novel 2′-deoxycytidine analogs as DNA demethylation agents
Authors: Jaideep V. Thottassery, Kamal Tiwari, Louise Westbrook, John A. Secrist, William B. Parker
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Epigenetic therapies using cytidine/deoxycytidine analogs are proving to be effective as indicated by the recent approvals of 5-azacytidine (5-azaCyd) and 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-azadCyd) in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and certain leukemias. Studies suggest that the inhibition of DNA cytosine-5 methylation and the re-expression of silenced tumor suppressors contribute to the beneficial effects of these drugs. However inhibition of DNA synthesis and other toxicities of these compounds represent major drawbacks in the clinic. Recently another analog previously examined in our anticancer discovery program, 4’-thio-2’-deoxycytidine (T-dCyd), had been shown to be an inhibitor of methyl transfer by the M. HhaI DNA cytosine-5 methyltransferase. In the current studies we demonstrate that T-dCyd and its 5-aza analogue 4’-thio-5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (5-aza-T-dCyd), can deplete human DNMT1 protein in NCI-H23 lung carcinoma and the myeloid leukemia lines THP-1 and KG1a. Consistent with this we also found that T-dCyd and 5-aza-T-dCyd were also effective in decreasing DNMT activities in cancer cells. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) analysis also demonstrated that both T-dCyd and 5-aza-T-dCyd induced CpG demethylation and re-expression of the tumor suppressor p15 in KG1a cells. We have also found that T-dCyd is inserted into replicating DNA at nanomolar doses as readily if not better than the natural 2’-deoxycytidine (dCyd) and exhibited very little toxicity at these doses. T-dCyd is therefore readily activated to its triphosphate T-dCTP, which is a good substrate for DNA polymerase mediated incorporation, and DNA polymerases also readily extend the chain after incorporation. Furthermore we also observed that T-dCyd and 5-aza-T-dCyd are efficacious in in vivo tumor models. Collectively our data suggest that these compounds or their analogs could be developed as novel DNA methylation inhibitors with better properties for cancer therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2537. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2537
Treatment of Acute and Chronic Respiratory Acidosis with a Volume-cycled Respirator.
Authors: Stephen N. Ayres
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 May 1965Treatment of Acute and Chronic Respiratory Acidosis with a Volume-cycled Respirator.Stephen N. Ayres, M.D. (Associate), Stanley Giannelli Jr., M.D., Antoinette Criscitiello, R.N., M.S., Ruth G. Armstrong, R.N., B.S.Stephen N. Ayres, M.D. (Associate)Search for more papers by this author, Stanley Giannelli Jr., M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Antoinette Criscitiello, R.N., M.S.Search for more papers by this author, Ruth G. Armstrong, R.N., B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-1096_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptRespiratory acidosis can be treated best by a mechanical ventilator that both increases alveolar ventilation and decreases respiratory work and carbon dioxide production. The low flow oxygen method is ineffective and dangerous; recent studies suggest that pressure-cycled intermittent positive pressure breathing devices may be ineffective in ventilating patients with markedly abnormal lung or chest wall compliances, since the required pressures may be impossible to attain in such patients. Analysis of blood gas and expired air in 13 patients with acute or chronic respiratory acidosis demonstrate the advantages of a volume-cycled piston respirator (Morch) over a pressure-cycled respirator. Most striking is... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, New York PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByAcute Respiratory Failure Observations on the Use of the Mörch Piston RespiratorA. JAY BLOCK, M.D., WILMOT C. BALL JR., M.D. 1 May 1965Volume 62, Issue 5Page: 1096-1096KeywordsBloodBreathingCarbon dioxideGas analysisLungsOxygenRespiratory system proceduresThoraxVentilators Issue Published: 1 May 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...