tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Points: Drug names that look or sound alike
Authors: D Hilton
Journal: BMJ (1980)

entitled to private practice, . . .which is an important part of their income. . . .Private hospitals occupy an important position in the health service, and without their facilities it is unlikely that the state system could operate without substantial delays and waiting lists....There is peaceful coexistence between public and private systems; they operate side by side, without difficulty, and the Government gives every encouragement to citizens to use private facilities to the maximum.... Patients . . .who opt for private facilities receive a subsidy."(All the italics are mine.)These quotations are from a description of the health care system in the Irish Republic (by Mr R M Graham of the Voluntary Health Insurance Board in Dublin), which by coincidence reached me today also.The Englishman by tradition has derided the capability of the Irishman to think clearly.But it seems to me that the boot is on the other foot in this case.If any should say that this is all very well but such a sensible mixture of provision for those in need, with a subsidy for self-help, could not ever be accepted here, my reply is that there is abundant and consistent evidence, in repeated public opinion polls, that the majority-regardless of party or trade urion membership-are not ill disposed to a symbiotic health care system of this nature.
Management of Patients With Deep Venous Thrombosis
Authors: H. Partsch
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Regarding the Questions and Answers item on the timing of bed rest and returning to ambulation in a patient with deep-vein thrombosis (DVT),<sup>1,2</sup>I would like to call the author's attention to our previously published study on this subject.<sup>3</sup> Our patients are not immobilized when a diagnosis of DVT is made. They are admitted to the hospital, receive appropriate anticoagulant therapy and firm compression bandages, and are encouraged to walk. We demonstrated that the frequency of new pulmonary emboli in these patients was not higher compared with those on conventional bed rest. Swelling and pain disappeared after a few days. Strong, medically fitted compression stockings are prescribed after hospital discharge for a period that should be adjusted to the symptoms of the patient (6 months on average). In a randomized prospective study, another group of investigators was able to show that the frequency of postthrombotic
Right ventricular and right atrial collapse in patients with cardiac tamponade--a combined echocardiographic and hemodynamic study.
Authors: S Singh, L S Wann, G H Schuchard, H S Klopfenstein, P P Leimgruber, M H Keelan, H L Brooks
Journal: Circulation (1984)

To determine the hemodynamic derangement associated with right ventricular diastolic collapse and to assess the value of right ventricular and right atrial collapse in identifying cardiac tamponade, two-dimensional echocardiograms were recorded simultaneously with measurement of right atrial, pulmonary capillary wedge, intrapericardial, and systemic arterial pressures and cardiac output in 16 patients as they underwent pericardiocentesis. Twelve patients (group I) had evidence of right ventricular or right atrial collapse or both on their echocardiograms and hemodynamic evidence of cardiac tamponade before pericardiocentesis. All hemodynamic parameters improved after pericardiocentesis (p less than or equal to .05). Continuous monitoring during pericardiocentesis in three of these patients showed significant improvement in all parameters except heart rate (p less than or equal to .02) at the point of disappearance of right ventricular diastolic collapse, with further improvement in cardiac output as pericardiocentesis continued (p less than .01). Right atrial collapse persisted after right ventricular collapse disappeared but was no longer present when pericardiocentesis was completed. Three patients (group II) had no right ventricular or right atrial collapse, no hemodynamic evidence of cardiac tamponade, and no improvement in hemodynamic parameters after pericardiocentesis. A single patient (group III) was found to have elevated right heart pressures and right ventricular hypertrophy before pericardiocentesis. Although there was hemodynamic evidence of cardiac tamponade in this patient, there was no evidence of right ventricular or right atrial collapse. In this study, the sensitivity of right ventricular collapse as a marker for cardiac tamponade was 92%, its specificity 100%, its accuracy 94%, and its predictive value 100%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Antithymocyte globulin therapy for pure white cell aplasia
Authors: F. C. Firkin, E. J. Prewett, K. Nicholls, J. Moran
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Severe neutropenia due to selective loss from the bone marrow of cells of the entire neutrophil maturation sequence developed in a patient with Goodpasture's Syndrome and was associated with serious infections complicating continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. Involvement of T-lymphocytes in the process affecting the neutrophil series was implicated by the relation between recovery from neutropenia and treatment with antithymocyte globulin (ATG). Azathioprine and corticosteroid administration failed to sustain recovery from neutropenia induced by ATG. It is concluded that ATG can provide a nonmyelotoxic form of therapy for pure white cell aplasia whose effectiveness is independent of responsiveness to other immunosuppressive agents.
There is harm
Authors: Laurie Rosenblatt
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
National Health Work Force Policy
Authors: John J. Whyte
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters1 October 1995National Health Work Force PolicyJohn J. Whyte, MD, MPH and Douglas P. Beall, MDJohn J. Whyte, MD, MPHDuke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27707Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore, MD 21205Search for more papers by this author and Douglas P. Beall, MDDuke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27707Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore, MD 21205Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-123-7-199510010-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:There is no doubt that we need to alter the distribution of physicians. We appear to have an abundance of specialists and a scarcity of generalists. We are disappointed, however, that the College has chosen to support government regulation to institute a 50/50 ratio of generalists to specialists. This position is both untimely and counterproductive.First, the 50/50 ratio is completely arbitrary and lacks any hard scientific supporting data. Even one of the strongest supporters of this ratio, the Council on Graduate Medical Education admits that “experimental data does not exist to define the proportion of generalists ...References1. American College of Physicians. A national health work force policy. Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:542-6. Google Scholar2. Council on Graduate Medical Education. Fourth report: recommendations to improve access to health care through physician workforce reform. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 1994. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Duke University Medical Center; Durham, NC 27707Johns Hopkins Hospital; Baltimore, MD 21205 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1995Volume 123, Issue 7Page: 555KeywordsGraduate medical educationMotivationResidency Issue Published: 1 October 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Problem-Oriented Medical Synopsis
Authors: V. X. GLEDHlLL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

The Problem-Oriented Medical Synopsis is a bedside worksheet that is constantly updated, to contain the current formulation of the patient's illness and the essential features of investigation and management. The ward interns or residents compile a list of problems when a patient is admitted to the hospital, with each problem specified by clinical criteria. The worksheet is progressively updated as a record of laboratory work ordered, results of tests, and management. Thus the Synopsis contains an up-to-date review of the current formulation of the case and is the essential document used for reviewing and discussing the case. When the patient is discharged from the hospital, the Synopsis becomes a problem-oriented summary of the case. This Synopsis has been compiled for all inpatients of a 27-bed medical ward during a 2-year period and is an aid in patient care, teaching, research, hospital administration, and computer processing of medical records.
Clinical Science for Surgeons
Authors: John D. Burrington
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This attractive and substantial volume was assembled and edited by William Burnett, the Wayne Professor of Surgery at the University of Queensland and also chairman of the editorial committee, Board of Examiners of the Royal Australasian College of Surgery (RACS). It is the result of many years of refinement of a manual produced to help candidates for part 1 of the RACS examinations given after three years of "core" surgical training. It therefore contains the essential information required by RACS to be mastered by all junior surgical residents (or registrars). Most of the contributors are senior clinicians and lecturers from Australia and New Zealand. More than half the book is devoted to the broad principles of surgical pathophysiology, often painted in broad strokes that stress fundamentals rather than details. The section on the respiratory system, for instance, contains only 22 pages and deals with all the principles of normal respiration
THE INFLUENCE OF HEREDITY ON THE OCCURRENCE OF CANCER
Authors: H. GIDEON WELLS
Journal: JAMA (1923)

<h3>B. ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION</h3><h3>TRANSPLANTED TUMORS</h3> In the period of active investigation of transplantable tumors in animals that followed the demonstration by Leo Loeb and by Jensen that series inoculation of rat and mouse tumors is readily carried out, there was naturally not a little study of the influence of heredity on the inoculated tumors. At this time it was not so fully appreciated as it now is that an inoculated tumor is something quite different from a spontaneous tumor. A transplanted tumor differs from a spontaneous tumor fundamentally in that it is never a growth of the cells of the inoculated animal, but it is a growth of the cells descended from the mouse that furnished the original spontaneous tumor from which the transplanted growth was obtained. For example, a mouse inoculated with a strain of the Jensen carcinoma, which has been carried through myriads of generations of transplants during
The Nonapoptotic Pathway Mediating Thymidine Kinase/Ganciclovir Toxicity Is Reduced by Signal from Adenovirus Type 5 Early Region 4
Authors: Maha Katabi, Shala Yuan, Helen Chan, Jacques Galipeau, Gerald Batist
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Suicide gene therapy using thymidine kinase/ganciclovir (Tk/GCV) yields highly variable results, in vitro and in vivo. To determine the reasons for such variations, we examined cellular mechanisms mediating its cytotoxicity in view of their interaction with adenoviral vectors (Ad) used for gene delivery. Here we report that the presence of adenovirus early region 4 (AdE4)-encoded viral proteins significantly decreases toxicity of Tk/GCV. The E4 region-encoded proteins exerted this effect when found on the adenoviral delivery vector and when provided in trans in Tk retrovirally transduced cells. The apoptotic response was assessed in GCV-treated cells. The decrease in toxicity caused by AdE4 proteins was not correlated with apoptotic response, as measured by internucleosomal DNA degradation and TUNEL assays. Our results indicate that apoptosis is not the only mechanism of Tk/GCV-induced cell death and that other mechanisms equally important in determining the success of such a gene therapy strategy should be considered when optimizing treatment conditions.
Sustained Improvement in Flow-Mediated Vasodilation After Short-Term Administration of Dobutamine in Patients With Severe Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Mrugesh B. Patel, Ilya V. Kaplan, Rajiv N. Patni, Daniel Levy, Joel A. Strom, Jamshid Shirani, Thierry H. LeJemtel
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —In patients with severe congestive heart failure (CHF), short-term administration of dobutamine exerts sustained clinical benefits that are partially mediated by a training-like effect on skeletal muscle. Recently, physical training has been shown to enhance endothelial function in the skeletal muscle vasculature by improving endothelial function. Whether the dobutamine-induced training effect is also associated with an improvement in endothelial function in the skeletal muscle vasculature is currently unknown. Methods and Results —Flow-mediated vasodilation in response to peak reactive hyperemia was evaluated in the forearms of 9 patients with severe CHF who were treated with dobutamine for 72 hours. Resting and peak hyperemic brachial artery blood flow and diameter (BABF [mL/min] and BAD [mm], respectively) were measured by 2-dimensional and Doppler ultrasonography at baseline, at 3 and 72 hours during dobutamine infusion, and at 2 and 4 weeks after discontinuation of dobutamine therapy. In addition, the brachial artery response to sublingual (SL) administration of nitroglycerin (NTG) was evaluated at baseline and at 2 and 4 weeks after discontinuation of dobutamine therapy. Ten patients with severe CHF who did not receive dobutamine served as control subjects. Resting BABF was significantly increased at 3 and 72 hours (391.2±31.8 and 366.8±31.0 mL/min, respectively, compared with 289.8±18.6 mL/min at baseline; P &lt;0.05). Peak hyperemic BABF was not altered by dobutamine infusion compared with baseline values. The increase in BAD during peak hyperemic response was greater after infusion of dobutamine for 72 hours (15.2±2.7% versus 9.1±1.8%, P &lt;0.05) and remained significantly greater for ≥2 weeks after discontinuation of dobutamine (12.3±2.2% versus 9.1±1.8%, P &lt;0.05). In contrast to the peak hyperemic response, the increase in BAD (%) induced by SL NTG was unchanged by administration of dobutamine for 72 hours. Two and 4 weeks after discontinuation of dobutamine, NTG-induced increases in BAD were similar to the BAD noted at baseline. Conclusions —In patients with severe CHF, short-term administration of dobutamine for 72 hours selectively improves vascular endothelial function for ≥2 weeks.
Gastric Surgery: Errors, Safeguards, &amp; Management of Malfunction Syndromes
Authors: Claude E. Welch
Journal: JAMA (1964)

The author has had a great interest in certain facets of gastric surgery. This volume is essentially a summary of his personal experience and of the literature that is pertinent to these particular features. The book is divided into several sections. The first contains many historic details of the early days of gastric surgery, the second includes a discussion of malfunction after gastric operations, and the third an evaluation of the author's viewpoint concerning the surgical methods used for benign ulcer. He attaches great importance to mechanical factors that cause malfunction; for this reason he has suggested a number of anatomic modifications of the standard Billroth II gastrectomy. The "pantaloon anastomosis" that he has developed involves the construction of a jejunal pouch just beyond the gastroenterostomy. He believes it has a definite place in the correction of malfunctioning anastomoses and documents its application, as well as the use of other
Distinctive PET/CT Features of Splenic SANT
Authors: Yu-Min Feng, Ying Chieh Huang, Chi-Wen Tu, Wen-Shih Kao, Dom-Gene Tu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 44-year-old woman suffered from epigastralgia for 1 month. An abdominal sonography revealed a space-occupying lesion, about 6 cm, in the spleen. Contrast-enhanced CT revealed enhanced splenic lesions. The PET/CT showed FDG-avid multiple splenic nodules with a "prunes on bread" appearance in the maximum-intensity-projection image (MIP image). In sectional PET/CT images, a central cold area with peripheral increased FDG uptake in the splenic nodule is visible. Because splenic malignancy was suspected, laparoscopic splenectomy was performed. Histology revealed multiple nodules with angiomatoid appearance, CD31(+), CD34(+) and HHV-8(−) in the vascular space, typical for the rare sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation (SANT).
Diabetes Mellitus and Pregnancy
Authors: Daniel H Mintz, Jay S Skyler, Ronald A Chez
Journal: Diabetes Care (1978)

Proper therapy in pregnancy complicated by diabetes mellitus affords the physician an opportunity that is unparalleled in immediate impact and over-all therapeutic dimension for his or her patient. The immediate survival of the mother can be virtually assured and that of the unborn child brought close to that of the child of the nondiabetic gravida. Further, the benefit of this care extends considerably beyond these traditional clinical targets. Such relatively remote events as intellectual and psychologic performance in offspring from these pregnancies may be jeopardized by inadequate attention to details of medical management during pregnancy. Lastly, an opportunity is presented to both physician and patient to beneficially influence future diabetes therapy. The intense motivation of the mother, together with her positive experiences, can be channeled to promote an enduring attitudinal and behavioral approach to future
Insights into Material and Structural Basis of Bone Fragility from Diseases Associated with Fractures: How Determinants of the Biomechanical Properties of Bone Are Compromised by Disease
Authors: P. Chavassieux, E. Seeman, P. D. Delmas
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2006)

Minimal trauma fractures in bone diseases are the result of bone fragility. Rather than considering bone fragility as being the result of a reduced amount of bone, we recognize that bone fragility is the result of changes in the material and structural properties of bone. A better understanding of the contribution of each component of the material composition and structure and how these interact to maintain whole bone strength is obtained by the study of metabolic bone diseases. Disorders of collagen (osteogenesis imperfecta and Paget’s disease of bone), mineral content, composition and distribution (fluorosis and osteomalacia); diseases of high remodeling (postmenopausal osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, and hyperthyroidism) and low remodeling (osteopetrosis, pycnodysostosis); and other diseases (idiopathic male osteoporosis, corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis) produce abnormalities in the material composition and structure that lead to bone fragility. Observations in patients and in animal models provide insights on the biomechanical consequences of these illnesses and the nature of the qualities of bone that determine its strength.
The Spectrum of Pulmonary Cryptococcosis
Authors: WINSTON WARR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Cryptococcus neoformans was cultured from the sputum, bronchial washings, or pleural fluid of 17 patients, 9 of whom were thought to have cryptococcal pulmonary disease. Of the nine, six were not treated with amphotericin B, and all but one are now culturally negative. Seven culturally positive patients had other diseases such as chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis, or carcinoma that seemed to account for the clinical picture. None of these were treated with amphotericin B, and all are either well or have died from an unrelated illness. The fluorescent antibody test for detection of cryptococcal antibodies was positive in 8 of 15 patients but was not helpful in evaluating presence or absence of cryptococcal disease. Correct management of these patients must await the development of a more thorough understanding of the prevalence and significance of C. neoformans cultured from the lung.
Subcellular distribution of large and small hepatitis delta antigen in hepatocytes of hepatitis delta virus superinfected woodchucks*1
Authors: J CULLEN
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) encodes only a single protein, the hepatitis delta antigen (HDAg), which is expressed as two molecular forms (large and small) with different functions in viral replication. Compared with small antigen, large antigen has a 19 residue carboxyl terminal extension. Antibodies that recognize a large antigen-specific epitope within this carboxyl extension, or an epitope shared by both large and small antigens (total antigen), were used in immunohistochemical studies of liver sections from superinfected woodchuck carriers of woodchuck hepatitis virus. There were no differences in the subcellular distributions of large and total antigens, with both generally present only in nuclei of hepatocytes. Rare cells demonstrated cytoplasmic staining. Complete or partial granular nucleoplasmic staining with stained nucleoli was the most common pattern observed. Within 31 days of infection, 0.1% to 19% (mean = 7.4%) of all hepatocytes contained antigen. The proportion of these nuclei containing large antigen ranged from 0 to 100% (mean, 39%), and increased during the first month of infection. The number of antigen-positive nuclei and the proportion staining for large antigen were reduced with progression to chronicity, correlating with reductions in the level of viremia. Thus, the large hepatitis delta antigen shares a common subcellular distribution with small antigen and is found in an increasing proportion of the nuclei of infected cells during the course of acute infection.
The Isolation of Hypertensin from the Circulating Blood of Dogs by Dialysis in an Artificial Kidney
Authors: JOSEPH R. KAHN, LEONARD T. SKEGGS, NORMAN P. SHUMWAY
Journal: Circulation (1950)

A vasopressor substance has been dialyzed out of the circulating blood of dogs by means of an artificial kidney. This substance is similar to hypertensin. It has been recovered from normotensive and hypotensive dogs and from animals with malignant hypertension. The method for concentration of this substance in the dialyzate is described and concentration data which, due to the loss in recovery, is only roughly quantitative, is given.