tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Life expectancy in Gaucher disease type 1
Authors: Neal J. Weinreb, Patrick Deegan, Katherine A. Kacena, Pramod Mistry, Gregory M. Pastores, Priscilla Velentgas, Stephan vom Dahl
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

We estimated life expectancy at birth for Gaucher disease type 1 (GD1) patients by comparing survival data from GD1 patients enrolled in ICGG Gaucher Registry to the U.S. population using standard life table methods. 2,876 GD1 patients had 102 reported deaths in 13,509 person-years of follow-up. Estimated life expectancy at birth was 68 y, compared with 77 y in reference population; splenectomized patients, 64 y; nonsplenectomized, 72 y. Causes of death for 63/102 patients were malignancy (17/63), cardiovascular (11/63), and cerebrovascular (8/63). Estimated life expectancy at birth for GD1 patients was approximately 9 y less than reference population. Malignancies did not contribute to shortened life expectancy.
Is This Symptom Functional?
Authors: Philip R. Sullivan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A patient's presenting symptom may accord readily with a total clinical picture indicative of a known disease entity. When the relation is not so clear, the physician may consider whether or not the symptom is "functional," that is, a manifestation of the patient's emotional state. In assessing this possibility, the emotional and interpersonal circumstances at the time of the symptom's onset, the meaning of the symptom to the patient, and any advantage derived by him from the symptom should be examined. This information may be very helpful in medical management of the case, regardless of the ultimate nature of the symptom.
Shall The Journal be Removed to Washington?-Reply
Authors: David S. Booth
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My vote is forThe Journalof the A. M. A. to remain in Chicago, for the simple reason, that said city is near the centre of this "<i>Great Republic</i>." Any of the large Western cities would be preferable to the city of Washington, D. C. " Westward the star of empire rolls." 321 N. Jackson St., Belleville, Ill., January 9, 1891.
Search for evidence goes on
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) is a multibillion pound success for the Swiss drug manufacturer Roche, with profits rocketing during the pandemic influenza of 2010. In the UK, general practitioners can now prescribe it to anyone with flu and the drug is the mainstay of influenza treatment in critical care. But how has this happened to a drug whose effectiveness is not backed up by publicly available evidence and whose manufacturer has broken successive pledges to make full study reports available? As a new Cochrane Collaboration meta-analysis is published, <b>Deborah Cohen</b> investigates
Evaluation of the U.S. EPA/OSWER Preliminary Remediation Goal for Perchlorate in Groundwater: Focus on Exposure to Nursing Infants
Authors: Gary L. Ginsberg, Dale B. Hattis, R. Thomas Zoeller, Deborah C. Rice
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

Perchlorate is a common contaminant of drinking water and food. It competes with iodide for uptake into the thyroid, thus interfering with thyroid hormone production. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response (OSWER) set a groundwater preliminary remediation goal (PRG) of 24.5 microg/L to prevent exposure of pregnant women that would affect the fetus. This does not account for the greater exposure that is possible in nursing infants or for the relative source contribution (RSC), a factor normally used to lower the PRG due to nonwater exposures.Our goal was to assess whether the OSWER PRG protects infants against exposures from breast-feeding, and to evaluate the perchlorate RSC.We used Monte Carlo analysis to simulate nursing infant exposures associated with the OSWER PRG when combined with background perchlorate.The PRG can lead to a 7-fold increase in breast milk concentration, causing 90% of nursing infants to exceed the reference dose (RfD) (average exceedance, 2.8-fold). Drinking-water perchlorate must be < 6.9 microg/L to keep the median, and < 1.3 microg/L to keep the 90th-percentile nursing infant exposure below the RfD. This is 3.6- to 19-fold below the PRG. Analysis of biomonitoring data suggests an RSC of 0.7 for pregnant women and of 0.2 for nursing infants. Recent data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggest that the RfD itself needs to be reevaluated because of hormonal effects in the general population.The OSWER PRG for perchlorate can be improved by considering infant exposures, by incorporating an RSC, and by being responsive to any changes in the RfD resulting from the new CDC data.
Patello-femoral arthralgia in athletes attending a Sports Injury Clinic.
Authors: M. D. Devereaux, S. M. Lachmann
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

Over a five year period, 137 athletes presented to a Sports Injury Clinic with patello-femoral arthralgia. This was 5.4% of the total injuries seen and a quarter of all knee problems treated. Running contributed to 32% of the athletes with patello-femoral pain. There was a 4:1 male:female ratio and nearly 70% were in the 16-25 year age range. A follow-up questionnaire was sent to 72 athletes seen in the last two years with a 78% response rate. Symptoms and treatment are discussed. After conservative therapy only 28.6% were entirely symptom free with a mean follow up of 13.1 months.
AN ANTIVIRAL SUBSTANCE FROM PENICILLIUM FUNICULOSUM
Authors: Michael W. Rytel, Richard E. Shope, Edwin D. Kilbourne
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1966)

Helenine, a substance obtained from broth cultures of Penicillium funiculosum and known to exert a protective effect in vivo in experimental animals against several unrelated viruses, has been shown to elicit the formation in cell cultures and in intact mice of an inhibitor of viral plaque formation. Because the biological and chemical characteristics of the viral inhibitor induced by helenine are similar to those of interferon, it is suggested that the antiviral effect of helenine may be mediated through the formation of interferon.
Prenatal X-Ray Exposure and Childhood Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: B MACMAHON
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)

Journal Article Prenatal X-Ray Exposure and Childhood Cancer Get access Brian MacMahon, M.D. Brian MacMahon, M.D. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 28, Issue 5, May 1962, Pages 1173–1191, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/28.5.1173 Published: 01 May 1962 Article history Received: 03 January 1962 Published: 01 May 1962
Blood Levels and Management of Lithium Treatment
Authors: J. L. Crammer, R. M. Rosser, G. Crane
Journal: BMJ (1974)

The limited value of plasma measurements in the management of treatment with lithium is discussed in the light of the mechanisms of its therapeutic actions and toxic effects.The plasma level of lithium usually rises twofold or threefold in the three to five hours after ingestion of each dose of delayed-release tablets and then gradually falls. The precise shape and height of the lithium curve depend on gastric emptying, which can be slowed with propantheline or speeded with metoclopramide. Depressed or demented patients may be irregular in taking their tablets and variable in food intake. Both the time of the blood test and this behaviour must be considered before changing the prescribed dose of lithium salt because of a laboratory result. A lithium tolerance curve may be a safer guide to treatment than single measures.Mild intermittent thirst is a common early side effect, and severe persistent thirst with polyuria is an uncommon later effect of daily intakes of at least 1,500 mg lithium carbonate. This diabetes insipidus is reversible, non-progressive, unrelated to plasma level, and distinct in attack from lithium-induced hypothyroidism, which may occur at low dosage but is also usually of late onset and reversible or treatable with thyroxine while lithium is continued. Obesity is another occasional effect of large doses. These side effects and the antimanic and prophylactic effects may have different mechanisms.
Market Influences on Internal Medicine Residents' Decisions To Subspecialize
Authors: Ernest Valente
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Managed care reduces the demand for internal medicine subspecialists, but little empirical information is available on how increasing managed care may be affecting residents' training choices. Objective: To determine whether increased managed care penetration into an area where residents train was associated with a decreased likelihood that residents who completed general internal medicine training pursued subspecialty training. Design: Secondary logistic regression analysis of data from the 1993 cohort of general internal medicine residents. Setting: U.S. residency training sites. Participants: 2263 U.S. medical school graduates who completed general internal medicine residency training in 1993. Measurements: The outcome variable (enrollment in subspecialty training) was derived from the Graduate Medical Education Tracking Census of the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC). Health maintenance organization (HMO) penetration (possible range, 0.0 to 1.0; higher values indicate greater penetration) was taken from the Interstudy Competitive Edge Database. Individual and medical school covariates were taken from the AAMC's Student and Applicant Information Management System database and the National Institutes of Health Information for Management Planning, Analysis, and Coordination system. The U.S. Census division was included as a control covariate. Results: 980 participants (43%) enrolled in subspecialty training. Logistic regression analyses indicated a nonlinear association between managed care penetration into a training area and the odds of subspecialization. Increasing managed care penetration was associated with decreasing odds of subspecialization when penetration exceeded 0.15. The choice of subspecialty training increased as HMO penetration increased from 0 to 0.15. Conclusions: Local market forces locally influenced the career decisions of internal medicine residents, but the influence was small compared with the effects of age and sex. These results suggest that market forces help to achieve more desirable generalist-to-specialist physician ratios in internal medicine.
Modulation of lipoprotein plasma concentrations during long-term anti-TNF therapy in patients with active rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: C. Popa, F. H J van den Hoogen, T. R D J Radstake, M. G Netea, A. E Eijsbouts, M. d. Heijer, J. W M van der Meer, P. L C M van Riel, A. F H Stalenhoef, P. Barrera
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2007)

The growth records of 64 patients with 45,XO chromosome constitution have been analysed. The extremely short stature of adults with this condition (142·5 cm) appears to be due to intrauterine growth failure, to a gradual decline in height velocity in childhood, and to the absence of a pubertal growth spurt. Pubic hair appeared in 68% of patients but was delayed both in relation to chronological age and to bone age. The growth failure is presumably the result of a genetic abnormality in the bones of these patients. Treatment with oestrogens caused development of secondary sex characteristics but did not appear to affect final stature. The age of the patient when treatment was administered was not of significance in affecting the final height of the patients. Despite the reduction in adult height, the correlation between the height of the patients with Turner9s syndrome and their parents was maintained, a roughly constant amount of height being lost through the chromosomal abnormality. This suggests that the genes whose action underlies the variation in adult height among the normal population must be located for the most part on the autosomes.
The effect of mild-to-moderate mental stress on coronary hemodynamics in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: M M Bassan, H S Marcus, W Ganz
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Eleven men with coronary artery disease were studied to determine whether they would manifest inappropriate coronary vasoconstriction in response to mental stress. Mental stress was induced by having the patient perform difficult mental arithmetic in time with a clicking metronome. Aortic blood pressure and thermodilution coronary sinus blood flow were recorded continuously before and during the mental arithmetic. For the group, heart rate rose from 70 to 82 beats/min, systolic blood pressure rose from 161 to 181 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure rose from 71 to 78 mm Hg. Coronary resistance decreased by 16%. The index of myocardial oxygen consumption rose by 40%, and there was an equivalent rise in coronary sinus blood flow of 41%, with no changes in coronary arteriovenous oxygen difference. Because the increase in myocardial oxygen consumption was accompanied by a proportional increase in coronary sinus blood flow, a decrease in coronary resistance and no change in myocardial oxygen extraction, we conclude that the response of patients with coronary artery disease to at least moderately severe mental stress is not characterized by abnormal coronary vasoconstriction.
Mycobacterium avium Complex and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: COURT PEDERSEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1987Mycobacterium avium Complex and the Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeCOURT PEDERSEN, M.D., JENS O. NIELSEN, M.D.COURT PEDERSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JENS O. NIELSEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-1-165_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Results of treatment of disseminated infection with Mycobacterium avium complex in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have been discouraging. In a recent article, Hawkins and coworkers (1) presented the cases of 67 patients treated at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center. The patients were treated with a combination of antimycobacterial drugs including ansamycin and clofazimine. Although the treatment regimens and dosages used may be discussed, no instance of clinical improvement or microbiologic cure was seen. We recently treated a patient in whom microbiologic cure apparently was obtained.A 33-year-old homosexual man with a 6-month history of...Reference1. HAWKINSGOLDWHIMBEYKIEHNBRANNONCAMMARATABROWNARMSTRONG CJETPRAD. Mycobacterium avium complex infections in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:184-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Copenhagen Hvidovre Hospital 2650 Hvidovre Denmark PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1987Volume 106, Issue 1Page: 165-166KeywordsAIDSClinical microbiologyClofazimineDrugsHomosexualsMycobacterium avium complex Issue Published: 1 January 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Historical hematology: May–Hegglin anomaly
Authors: Hidehiko Saito, Shinji Kunishima
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract May–Hegglin anomaly is a rare autosomal dominant platelet disorder characterized by thrombocytopenia, giant platelets, and unique leukocyte inclusion bodies. This disorder was first described by May, a German physician, in 1909, and was subsequently described by a Swiss physician, Hegglin, in 1945. The pathogenesis of the disorder had been unknown until recently, when mutations in the gene encoding for nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA ( MYH9 ) were identified. Unique cytoplasmic inclusion bodies are aggregates of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA, and are only present in granulocytes. It is not yet known why inclusion bodies are not present in platelets, monocytes, and lymphocytes, or how giant platelets are formed. Interestingly, MYH9 is also found to be responsible for several related disorders with macrothrombocytopenia and leukocytes inclusion, including Sebastian, Fechtner, and Epstein syndromes, which feature deafness, nephritis, and/or cataract. Current interest is centered upon the mechanisms by which a single mutation causes a variety of phenotypes. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of Bleeding on Electrolyte Excretion and on Glomerular Filtration
Authors: T. A. LOMBARDO, SEYMOUR EISENBERG, B. B. OLIVER, W. N. VIAR, E. E. EDDLEMAN, T. R. HARRISON
Journal: Circulation (1951)

Removal of small amounts of blood from sitting subjects caused reduction of sodium excretion without alterations in creatinine clearance, or in apparent cardiac output (electrokymographic method). This reduction could be prevented by compression of the neck. The experiments support the concept of an homeostatic central mechanism which regulates the volume of extracellular fluid by altering sodium excretion. If such a mechanism exists it is apparently activated by changes in the volume of body fluids rather than by changes in cardiac output.
Diffuse coronary artery disease in diabetic patients: fact or fiction?
Authors: A C Dortimer, P N Shenoy, R A Shiroff, D M Leaman, J D Babb, A J Liedtke, R Zelis
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To compare angiographically-determined coronary artery disease in diabetic patients with controls, 1,653 patients coming to cardiac catheterization were reviewed retrospectively to find 37 diabetic and 79 control patients matched for sex, age (+/- 3 years), and risk factors (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and smoking). The severity of coronary artery disease was assessed using an angiographic grading system. The following results were obtained: 16 of 37 diabetic patients (43%) had three-vessel disease compared to 20 of 79 controls (25%). Seventy-six of 111 (68%) diabetic vessels were diseased compared to 110 of 237 control vessels (46%) (P less than 0.005). The total coronary score reflecting total extent of disease for diabetic patients was 371 (mean 10.0 +/- (SEM) compared to 594 for controls (mean 7.5 +/- 0.7, (P less than 0.01). Diabetic patients had a statistically similar number of diffusely diseased vessels as controls (28% vs 22%). There were only three of 76 diabetic vessels (4%) considered inoperable compared to seven of 110 (6%) control vessels. We conclude that diabetic patients with chest pain have more coronary artery disease than nondiabetics, but no more diffuse or inoperable disease.
Immunological Investigation of Connective Tissue Disease
Authors: D. M. Weir
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

I can thoroughly recommend this book for the more discussion of the scientific basis and interpretation of intelligent sufferer from back pain.Reading it will laboratory tests in the various connective tissue diseasesundoubtedly also help those of us who deal with the rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, problem the better to communicate with our patients.mixed connective tissue diseases, rheumatic fever, and the reactive arthritides and amyloid.There is also A. C. BOYLE discussion of antigen-antibody complexes, plasma proteins, lymphocyte identification, and tests of cell- mediated immunity.The remaining third of the text Arthroscopic Surgery of the Knee.By David Dandy.gives detailed descriptions of the performance of the Pp.122.£28-00.Churchill Livingstone: Edinburgh. 1981.most commonly used of the laboratory tests in a clinical immunology laboratory specialising in the connective In the past 10 years diagnostic arthroscopy has become tissue diseases.widely accepted and an essential investigation, par-
Comparative Evaluation of Topical versus Intrastromal Voriconazole as an Adjunct to Natamycin in Recalcitrant Fungal Keratitis
Authors: Namrata Sharma, Jacob Chacko, Thirumurthy Velpandian, Jeewan S. Titiyal, Rajesh Sinha, Gita Satpathy, Radhika Tandon, Rasik B. Vajpayee
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
812 DIFFERENTIAL EFFECT OF PEGYLATED INTERFERON alpha 2a AND alpha 2b ON THE EARLY HEPATITIS C VIRUS KINETICS
Authors: E. Durante-Mangoni, D. Pinto, C. Battimelli, V. Farinaro, C. Savinelli, A. Senese, V. Iorio, C. Graziano, D. Iossa, R. Molaro, G. Sodano, R. Utili
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Controlled trial of three weeks nicotine replacement treatment in hospital patients also given advice and support
Authors: S Hand
Journal: Thorax (2002)

<b>Background:</b> Smoking is a major public health issue, estimated as causing 120 000 deaths in the UK per year. Smoking cessation is an important aspect of the treatment of many diseases. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) has been shown to increase cessation rates among healthy volunteers and in general practice, but it is not clear whether it has an effect in hospital patients. <b>Methods:</b> Patients referred by their hospital doctor to the smoking cessation counsellor and who agreed to participate in the study were randomised to receive either NRT given as a nicotine patch daily and a nicotine inhalator on an as needed basis plus advice and support (AS+NRT), or to receive just advice and support (AS). Claims of smoking cessation were validated at 1 week, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year by carbon monoxide (CO) breath testing. <b>Results:</b> A total of 245 patients were randomised, 136 AS+NRT and 109 AS. There were no significant demographic differences between the two groups at baseline. At 1 year 35 (14%) had sustained cessation confirmed by a CO breath test, 20/136 (15%) AS+NRT and 15/109 (14%) AS, p=0.857. One hundred and ten patients gave up smoking for at least 1 week, 54% AS+NRT and 33% AS (p&lt;0.001). By 6 months there was no significant difference between the two groups (22/136 (16%) AS+NRT and 15/109 (14%) AS). <b>Conclusion:</b> In hospital patients NRT, given as regular daily patches plus an inhalator to be used as needed, did not add to the smoking cessation rate achieved at 1 year by regular advice and support, despite significantly increasing the cessation rate at 1 week.