tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A memorable patient: From cerebral malaria to preventive medicine
Authors: A. Tembon
Journal: BMJ (1999)

important changes to the software to reduce the impact of the program on the consultation.We are now incorporating these changes and investigating the effect of RAGs on decision making.We thank the general practitioners who took part in this study and Mike Murphy and Joan Austoker for their advice and comments on the paper and design of the study.Contributors: JE, RW, and SZ developed the study protocol.The decision process
Identification and Prevalence of Culturable Mesophilic Microfungi in House Dust from 100 Danish Homes
Authors: Suzanne Gravesen
Journal: Allergy (1978)

In order to encircle possible allergen sources, fungi from house dust were cultivated and identified. Dust from vacuum cleaners was inoculated on Petri dishes containing V‐8 agar with addition of penicillin and streptomycin to eliminate the bacterial flora. The number of genera identified were for the most part consistent with the genera trapped from die air. However, presumably owing to their dispersal biology, it was demonstrated that members of Mucorales were much more frequently represented in the samples obtained by this method compared with gravimetric and volumetric measurements. The method is recommended is a simple way to demonstrate and identity the mould contents in house dust and as a tool for the identification of some of the real allergenic sources in house dust.
NITROGEN BALANCE STUDIES IN LAENNEC'S CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER
Authors: W R Cook, H A Van Auken
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Article1 June 1951NITROGEN BALANCE STUDIES IN LAENNEC'S CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVERWALTER R. COOK, HOWARD A. VAN AUKENWALTER R. COOKSearch for more papers by this author, HOWARD A. VAN AUKENSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-34-6-1404 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptLaennec's cirrhosis, the most common type of cirrhotic involvement of the liver, has also been called atrophic or hypertrophic cirrhosis, hobnail cirrhosis, alcoholic cirrhosis and even "gin-drinker's liver." Pathologically, this disease is characterized by an increase in portal connective tissue with the production of dense fibrous bands, degenerative changes in the parenchymal cells, dissociation of hepatic cords and variable degrees of regeneration and fatty and cellular infiltration. It is generally agreed that necrosis of the parenchymal cells precedes the overgrowth of the fibrous tissue. Complications resulting from this hepatic disease are: obstruction of the portal venous channels leading to esophageal...Bibliography1. Morrison LM: The response of cirrhosis of the liver to an intensive combined therapy, Ann. Int. Med. 24: 465-479, 1946. LinkGoogle Scholar2. SappingtonBockus TSHL: Nitrogen metabolism in idiopathic chronic ulcerative colitis and its therapeutic significance, Ann. Int. Med. 31: 282-303, 1949. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Fort Sam Houston, Texas*Received for publication September 25, 1950.From Brooke Army Hospital, Fort Sam Houston, Texas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDENSITOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF BODY COMPOSITION: REVISION OF SOME QUANTITATIVE ASSUMPTIONS*WHAT IS IMPORTANT IN THE TREATMENT OF LIVER DISEASE*I. FRANK TULLIS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Intracellular and Extracellular Fluid and Electrolyte Alterations in Cirrhosis of the Liver with Edema and AscitesMalnutrition in African AdultsHypokalemia in liver cell failure 1 June 1951Volume 34, Issue 6Page: 1404-1415KeywordsCellsCirrhosisConnective tissueConnective tissue diseasesDietHepatocytesLiverNecrosisRegenerative medicineResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1951 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reduced inotropic reserve is predictive of further degradation in left ventricular ejection fraction in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: François‐Xavier Goudot, Karim Wahbi, Linda Aïssou, Emmanuel Sorbets, Valérie Siam‐Tsieu, Bruno Eymard, Christine Themar Noel, Jean‐Yves Devaux, Odile Dessault, Denis Duboc, Christophe Meune
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Young Italian Woman at a Table
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiple primary melanomas: do they look the same?
Authors: E. Moscarella, H. Rabinovitz, S. Puig, I. Zalaudek, M.C. Oliviero, L. Brown, I. Alarcon, J. Malvehy, C. Longo, D. Formisano, C. Carrera, C. Badenas, S. Piana, G. Albertini, G. Pellacani, G. Argenziano
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

A series of studies has investigated epidemiological, clinical and genetic characteristics of patients with multiple primary melanoma (MPM). However, comparison of the clinical and dermoscopic features of MPM within a given individual has been described only in case reports.To describe the dermoscopic features of MPM for each given patient, and to evaluate the characteristics eventually associated with similar or dissimilar appearance.From the databases of three skin-lesion clinics in the U.S.A., Italy and Spain we collected the dermoscopic images of melanomas in patients diagnosed with MPM.Among 58 patients with MPM, we found that 53% of patients had dermoscopically similar melanomas and 47% of patients had dermoscopically different melanomas. In older patients 59% of melanomas were dermoscopically similar vs. 47% in younger patients (P=0·377). Similar thickness was associated with the occurrence of dermoscopically similar melanomas (19/30 cases, 63%; P=0·039). Most (65%) of the synchronous lesions were similar, compared with 36% of nonsynchronous lesions (P=0·029), and most (69%) of the melanomas on sun-damaged skin were similar, vs. 37% of melanomas on nonsun-damaged skin (P=0·015; odds ratio 3·88, 95% confidence interval 1·11-13·98). The percentage of dermoscopically different melanomas was higher in patients with a family history of melanoma (67% vs. 48%).MPMs in a given patient have almost the same chance of looking dermoscopically similar or different. However, a subset of elderly patients with sun-damaged skin may present multiple, similar, thin melanomas characterized by pigment-network and regression structures.
Seventy Birth Control Clinics. A Survey and Analysis Including the General Effects of Control on Size and Quality of Population.
Authors: Caroline Hadley Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1930)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P026: The Association between Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Heart Failure may be Modified by Sex - the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Alexandra Gonçalves, Pardeep S Jhund, Brian Claggett, Wayne Rosamond, Anita Deswal, David Aguilar, Amil M Shah, Susan Cheng, Scott D Solomon
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Alcohol is a known cardiac toxin, yet the nature of the association between alcohol consumption and the development of heart failure (HF) in the community, and whether this relationship is different in men and women, is unclear. Therefore we assessed the association between alcohol intake and the development of HF or death in men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Methods: We examined 14,993 participants in ARIC without prevalent HF at baseline (1987-89) who were followed through 2009 (median of 20.6 years). Self-reported alcohol consumption was defined as the number of drinks per day (1 drink=14g of alcohol). Using Cox proportional hazards models, we examined the association of alcohol intake with the composite outcome of death or hospitalization for HF, stratified by sex, adjusting for age, diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, body mass index, total cholesterol, physical activity, education level, smoking status, and incident myocardial infarction as a time varying covariate. Results: The risk for HF or death in men was lowest among those who consumed 0-1 drink/day (HR 0.81, 95% CI, 0.72-0.90) compared with those who did not consume alcohol. In contrast, in women the risk associated with consuming 1 or 2 drinks/day was not significantly different from the non-drinkers (0-1 drink HR 1.03, 95% CI 0.89-1.20; 1-2 drinks, HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.81-1.46, P for interaction by sex 0.01). Drinking ≥3 drinks/day increased the risk of HF or death by 40% in men (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.20-1.72) but more than doubled the risk in women (HR 2.44, 95% CI 1.34-4.47). Conclusion: Consumption of ≥3 alcoholic drinks/day is associated with increased risk for death/HF in both men and women, with a higher risk in women, even adjusting for body size and other covariates. Compared to alcohol abstinence, low alcohol consumption was associated with a lower risk of death/HF in men but not in women. These findings suggest that the toxic and protective effects of alcohol may be different in men and women.
Mbeki dismisses “Durban declaration”
Authors: Pat Sidley
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Over 5000 scientists from around the world have signed a declaration saying that AIDS is caused by HIV. In the journal Nature the scientists make clear that the declaration is a direct response to the debate in South Africa sparked by its president, Thabo Mbeki, about HIV and whether or not it causes AIDS. Scientists fear that the debate will raise doubts and result in …
Reversal of ABCB1- and ABCG2-mediated MDR byerlotinib (tarceva, OSI-774)
Authors: Zhi Shi, Xing-Xiang Peng, In-Wha Kim, Suneet Shukla, Qiu-Sheng Si, Robert Robey, Susan Bates, Si-Rong Wang, Christine Chim, Tong Shen, Amit Tiwari, Charles Ashby, Liwu Fu, Suresh Ambudkar, Zhe-Sheng Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

3247 

It has been reported that gefitinib, an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has the ability to modulate the function of certain ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters and to reverse ABCB1 (P-gp)- and ABCG2 (BCRP/MXR)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells. However, it is unkonwn whether other EGFR TKIs have effects similar to that of gefitinib. In the present study, we have investigated the interaction of another EGFR TKI erlotinib with selected ABC drug transporters. Our findings show that erlotinib significantly potentiated the sensitivity of established ABCB1 or ABCG2 substrates and increased the accumulation of paclitaxel or mitoxantrone in ABCB1 or ABCG2 overexpressing cells. Furthermore, erlotinib did not significantly alter the sensitivity of non-ABCB1 or non-ABCG2 substrates in all cells and was unable to reverse MRP1-mediated MDR and had no effect on the parental cells. Meanwhile, erlotinib remarkably inhibited the transport of E217βG and methotrexate by ABCG2. In addition, the results of ATPase assays show that erlotinib stimulated the ATPase activity of both ABCB1 and ABCG2. Interestingly, erlotinib slightly inhibited the photolabeling of ABCB1 with [125I]Iodoarylazidoprazosin at high concentration, but it did not inhibit the photolabeling of ABCG2 with [125I]Iodoarylazidoprazosin. Overall, we conclude that erlotinib reverses ABCB1- and ABCG2-mediated MDR in cancer cells through direct inhibition of the drug efflux function of ABCB1 and ABCG2. These findings may be useful for cancer combinational therapy with erlotinib in clinic.
Estimation of the Warfarin Dose with Clinical and Pharmacogenetic Data
Authors: Klein Te, Altman Rb, Eriksson N, Gage Bf, Kimmel Se, Lee Mt, Limdi Na, Page D, Roden Dm, Wagner Mj, Caldwell, Johnson Ja
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Genetic variability among patients plays an important role in determining the dose of warfarin that should be used when oral anticoagulation is initiated, but practical methods of using genetic information have not been evaluated in a diverse and large population. We developed and used an algorithm for estimating the appropriate warfarin dose that is based on both clinical and genetic data from a broad population base.Clinical and genetic data from 4043 patients were used to create a dose algorithm that was based on clinical variables only and an algorithm in which genetic information was added to the clinical variables. In a validation cohort of 1009 subjects, we evaluated the potential clinical value of each algorithm by calculating the percentage of patients whose predicted dose of warfarin was within 20% of the actual stable therapeutic dose; we also evaluated other clinically relevant indicators.In the validation cohort, the pharmacogenetic algorithm accurately identified larger proportions of patients who required 21 mg of warfarin or less per week and of those who required 49 mg or more per week to achieve the target international normalized ratio than did the clinical algorithm (49.4% vs. 33.3%, P<0.001, among patients requiring < or = 21 mg per week; and 24.8% vs. 7.2%, P<0.001, among those requiring > or = 49 mg per week).The use of a pharmacogenetic algorithm for estimating the appropriate initial dose of warfarin produces recommendations that are significantly closer to the required stable therapeutic dose than those derived from a clinical algorithm or a fixed-dose approach. The greatest benefits were observed in the 46.2% of the population that required 21 mg or less of warfarin per week or 49 mg or more per week for therapeutic anticoagulation.
The Morning After
Authors: Harold S Jenkins
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Trends in Infective Endocarditis Incidence, Microbiology, and Valve Replacement in the United States From 2000 to 2011
Authors: Sadip Pant, Nileshkumar J. Patel, Abhishek Deshmukh, Harsh Golwala, Nilay Patel, Apurva Badheka, Glenn A. Hirsch, Jawahar L. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
192. Non-Viral, Long-Term Gene Expression in Hematopoietic Cells Using the Sleeping Beauty Transposon System
Authors: Linda N. Liu, Jeffrey J. Essner, Rama Shivakumar, Linhong Li, Shannon A. Wadman, Karl J. Clark, Aidas Nasevicious, Joseph C. Fratantoni, R. Scott McIvor, Perry B. Hackett
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

We are developing the Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposon system as a non-viral gene therapy for treatment of blood related disorders. The goal of this study is to characterize the efficacy of SB transposon vectors to elicit long-term gene expression after introduction into hematopoietic cells by electroporation. Ex vivo, non-viral gene therapy strategies have the potential to be safer than viral strategies because of (1) reduced potential to generate an immune response, (2) the ability to more stringently control the manufacturing process, and (3) the essentially random insertion into the genome. The SB transposase mediates integration of the associated transposon into chromosomes via a precise cut and paste mechanism. To evaluate the potential of SB transposon plasmids to mediate long-term expression in hematopoietic cell populations, we constructed a transposon containing a PGK promoter to regulate transcription of a bicistronic mRNA encoding eGFP and neomycin phosphotransferase. SB transposase was provided by a separate plasmid carrying the SB gene regulated by an ubiquitin promoter. These two plasmids were transfected into K562 - undifferentiated myeloid cells at 1:1 ratio via a clinically approved electroporation-based cell loading system (MaxCyte GT). Greater than 90% of the cells expressed GFP when analyzed by flow cytometry at 24 hrs post-electroporation. Propidium iodide (PI) exclusion revealed the transfected cell viability to be greater than 95%. To study subpopulations of K562 cells that exhibit long-term expression of eGFP, the transfected cells were plated in methylcellulose in the presence or absence of G418. The results showed that cotransfection of the transposon and SB gene gave rise to 40% 9.5% G418 resistant colony formation, while G418 resistant colonies were not observed after cotransfection of the transposon with an SB deleted plasmid. Several G418 resistant colonies were isolated and are currently being characterized molecularly for transposition vs. random recombination.
Problems in the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Hazard from Use of Food Additives: Subcommittee on Carcinogenesis, Food Protection Committee, Food and Nutrition Board, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
Authors: Herbert E. Carter, Paul R. Cannon, Charles J. Kensler, Morton L. Levin, James A. Miller, Arthur A. Nelson, Philippe Shubik
Journal: Cancer Research (1961)
Acute exposure to mechanical forces deteriorates lung structure and function in a mouse model of emphysema
Authors: Margit Szabari, Susumu Sato, Harikrishnan Parameswaran, Elizabeth Bartolák-Suki, Zoltán Hantos, Béla Suki
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Mechanical forces have been suggested to accelerate the deterioration of lung structure and function in emphysema. To test this, we used C57BL/6 mice treated with porcine pancreatic elastase (N=48) or left intact as controls (N=16). At 2, 7 or 21 days after treatment, mice were ventilated (Vt=8 ml/kg, 240/min) for 1 h with or without deep inspirations (DI, inflation to 35 hPa airway pressure twice/min). FRC was measured in a plethysmograph and tissue elastance (H) was calculated from respiratory impedance. After the experiment, lungs were fixed at 20 hPa pressure and sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin or a modified Verhoeff method to visualize elastin. Independent of time, DI increased FRC (p<0.001) and independent of DI, FRC increased with time (p<0.001). Compared to control, H decreased in the no-DI 7- and 21-day groups (p<0.001, p=0.009). Compared to no-DI, H decreased in the DI groups (p<0.001). DI had a significant effect on FRC and H in controls. Alveoli were grouped as small, medium and large airspaces according to their equivalent diameters (D). DI reduced D of the small airspaces in the 21-day group (p<0.001) suggesting that as the DIs rupture a septal wall, many small airspaces surrounding the newly formed larger airspace reduce their size. The coefficient of variation of elastin increased with time in treated groups (p<0001) reflecting heterogeneous remodeling, but this was not affected by DIs. Our results suggest that acute mechanical forces rupture septal walls with a subsequent increase in FRC and a decrease in small airspace diameters in a time dependent manner during disease progression.

Supported by grants NIH HL090757 and OTKA 66700.