tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Late-breaking abstract: Urinary leukotriene E4/exhaled nitric oxide ratio as a predictor of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction control by oral montelukast or inhaled corticosteroid
Authors: Hey-sung Baek, Yeo-soon Jang, Joo-hwa Kim, Jae-Won Oh, Ha-baik Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is associated with vigorous physical exertion in 45 to 85% of children with asthma. A fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) have been used as the non-invasive markers of airway inflammation in asthmatic children. This study aimed to prove the association between LTE4/FeNO ratio and the effectiveness of therapeutic trial by leukotriene receptor antagonist or inhaled corticosteroids.

Methods: We studied 24 asthmatic children aged from 6 to 18 years with EIB, and randomized to a 4-week trial by oral montelukast (n=12) or an inhaled fluticasone propionage (FP) (n=12). A spirometry and standardized exercise challenge were performed before and after therapeutic trials. Urinary LTE4 and FeNO were measured prior to exercise challenge and 30 minutes after exercise challenge. After 4 week treatment, the same studies were conducted.

Results: After 4-week-treatment, post-exercise percent maximum fall in FEV1, baseline and post-exercise LTE4 and baseline FeNO were significantly diminished both study groups; (1) %ΔFEV1: montelukast (21.00 vs ; p =0.001), FP: (23.54 vs 16.54; p=0.002). (2) AUC20: (503.4 vs 232.1; p =0.003), FP: (527.7 vs 374.9; p=0.012). LTE4/FeNO ratio and EIB improvement were associated with greater response to montelukast (p < 0.042, r = 0.326) than FP for EIB treatment (p = 0.478, r = 0.274).

Conclusion: These data indicate that LTE4/FeNO ratio was associated with greater response to montelukast than FP for EIB therapy, and is applicable for a predictor of EIB control in children with asthma.
Impact of riociguat on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH)
Authors: Hossein-Ardeschir Ghofrani, Friedrich Grimminger, Marius M. Hoeper, Nick H. Kim, Eckhard Mayer, Gerald Simonneau, Mirko Sikirica, Arno Fritsch, Neil Davie, Ba Luong, Martin R. Wilkins
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction   The CHEST-1 study showed clinical efficacy of riociguat in patients with inoperable CTEPH or persistent/recurrent PH post-surgery.   Objective   To evaluate the impact of riociguat on HRQoL in patients with CTEPH.   Methods   CHEST-1 was a 16-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Disease-specific (Living with PH [LPH]) and generic EQ-5D and EQ-Visual Analog Scale (EQ-VAS) questionnaires were administered at baseline and Week 16. Change from baseline to Week 16 for the total population and sub-scores were examined. Relationships between HRQoL and other clinical endpoints (6-min walking distance and WHO functional class) were also evaluated.   Results   173 patients received riociguat (individual dose titration up to 2.5 mg tid) and 88 patients received placebo. Riociguat significantly improved the EQ-5D score, with an increase of 0.06±0.28 vs a decrease of 0.08±0.34 for placebo patients (treatment difference +0.13 [95% CI: 0.06 to 0.21]; p   Conclusions   CTEPH patients treated with riociguat reported significant improvements in HRQoL after 16 weeks, as measured by the generic EQ-5D and EQ-VAS scores. Smaller differences were observed with the LPH questionnaire.
Abstract 3543: A long noncoding RNA plays a critical role in Bcr-Abl-mediated cellular transformation
Authors: Guijie Guo, Qingzheng Kang, Qinghuang Chen, Ouyang Jing, Jilong Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract It is well documented that malignant transformation of myeloid and lymphoid cells by Bcr-Abl involves the dysregulation or mutation of a variety of protein-coding genes that are normally involved in regulating the proliferation and survival of hematopoietic cells. However, the functional relevance of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their in vivo regulation during Bcr-Abl-mediated tumorigenesis remain unknown, although recent studies have shown that aberrant expression of lncRNAs is associated with various human cancers. In this study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of lncRNAs in human CML cells using an lncRNA cDNA microarray, and identified an lncRNA termed lncRNA-BGL3 that acted as a key regulator of Bcr-Abl-mediated cellular transformation. Notably, we observed that lncRNA-BGL3 was highly induced in response to disruption of Bcr-Abl expression or by inhibiting Bcr-Abl kinase activity in K562 cells and leukemic cells derived from CML patients. Ectopic expression of lncRNA-BGL3 sensitized leukemic cells to undergo apoptosis and inhibited Bcr-Abl-induced tumorigenesis. Furthermore, transgenic mice expressing lncRNA-BGL3 were generated. We found that transgenic expression of lncRNA-BGL3 alone in mice was sufficient to impair primary bone marrow transformation by Bcr-Abl. Interestingly, we identified that lncRNA-BGL3 was a target of miR-17, miR-93, miR-20a, miR-20b, miR-106a and miR-106b, microRNAs that repress mRNA of PTEN. Further experiments demonstrated that lncRNA-BGL3 functioned as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for binding these microRNAs to cross-regulate PTEN expression. Additionally, our experiments have begun to address the mechanism of how lncRNA-BGL3 is regulated in the leukemic cells and showed that Bcr-Abl repressed lncRNA-BGL3 expression through c-Myc-dependent DNA methylation. Taken together, these results reveal that Bcr-Abl-mediated cellular transformation critically requires silence of tumor suppressor lncRNA-BGL3 and suggest a potential strategy for the treatment of Bcr-Abl-positive leukemia. Citation Format: Guijie Guo, Qingzheng Kang, Qinghuang Chen, Ouyang Jing, Jilong Chen. A long noncoding RNA plays a critical role in Bcr-Abl-mediated cellular transformation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3543. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3543
The risk of tuberculosis in HIV infected in the 12 years of observation
Authors: Valentina Okhtyarkina, Pavel Novoselov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

At present, TB, in populations with a high prevalence of HIV has become the leading factor of morbidity and mortality. In order to develop measures to prevent tuberculosis it is necessary to calculate the risk of TB in patients with HIV.

Materials and methods. A prospective cohort study of the annual relative risk of TB in 2073 Chelyabinsk patients with newly diagnosed HIV in 2000 was carried on. The observation covered the period from 2000 to 2011. For comparison, the same indicator was calculated for the population of the territory without HIV. The results were considered reliable at p <0.05.

Results. The annual risk of TB in persons without HIV in the analyzed period was from 0.3 in 2000 to 0.4 in 2011. The tendency to an increase of this index in the period from 2004 to 2009, from 0.37 to 0.42, respectively (p <0.001). In patients with HIV relative risk of 5.9 (p = 0.0001) was marked in 2000, which was 19.6 times higher than in patients without HIV. The further decrease in the risk of the disease from 3.8 to 1.6 was recorded in the 2nd-4th years. Beginning with the 5th year of observation the risk rose sharply to 5.7 (p = 0.0001), reaching 8.1 to 6th year, 17.0 by the 7th year, 22.4 by the 8th year of study. Maximum values were marked in the 9th to 11th year after the diagnosis of HIV, accounting respectively for 26.9, 28.8 and 33. 7 (p <0.0001). By the 12th year of the observation this figure dropped to 28.7 (p = 0.0001), which was 71.8 times higher than the same risk rate for the population without HIV.

Conclusions. The calculation of the annual relative risk of tuberculosis in patients with HIV provides new data for efficient prevention and detection of TB, depending on the time of registration of HIV.
Psychiatric symptoms and cerebellar pathology
Authors: N G Hamilton, R B Frick, T Takahashi, M W Hopping
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

The authors describe three patients hospitalized for psychiatric disorders, all of whom had cerebellar lesions. Referring to recent research on nonmotor cerebellar functions, the authors suggest that patients with cerebellar lesions may develop an organic brain syndrome that closely resembles the organic brain syndrome associated with cerebral cortical lesions.
Abstract 16002: Transmurality Achieved With Bipolar Irrigated Radiofrequency Ablation: An in vitro Comparison to Sequential Unipolar Ablation
Authors: Jacob S Koruth, Srinivas Dukkipati, Marc A Miller, Andre d'Avila, Vivek Y Reddy
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Bipolar RF has been proposed as a treatment option for deep intramural ventricular tachycardias that are often refractory to unipolar radiofrequency (RF) ablation. We compare the abil...
MTBE: The headache of cleaner air
Authors: J. Kneiss
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

Gasoline with methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) has been sold in the United States since 1979, when it was added to fuels as an octane enhancer after lead was phased out of motor fuels. Recently it has been introduced as a means of reducing carbon monoxide emissions during the winter months in targeted US cities. However, there is concern over health complaints including headaches, dizziness and nausea from residents of some areas. These reports have launched an era of assidious research by scientists and public health officials across the country to learn more about MTBE`s short-term and long-term, and possibly carcinogenic, health effects. New research should help weigh the risk of MTBE as a possible carcinogen and the effectiveness of MTBE-blended fuels in reducing carbon monoxide levels. The question is whether, in minimizing one risk, is another risk - however small - being introduced?
Abstract 16604: Discrepant Uptake of the Sympathetic Nerve Imaging Tracers Hydroxyephedrine (HED) and Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) in Rat Hearts
Authors: Christoph Rischpler, Kenji Fukushima, Takuro Isoda, Daniel P Holt, Robert F Dannals, Roselle Abraham, Richard Wahl, Frank M Bengel, Takahiro Higuchi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Aim: Different established catecholamine analogues are available for clinical cardiac sympathetic nerve PET/SPECT imaging, including 11C Hydroxyephedrine (HED) and 123I/131I Metaiodobenzylguanidine...
Effect of subtle neurological dysfunction on response to haloperidol treatment in schizophrenia
Authors: A Convit, J Volavka, P Czobor, J de Asis, C Evangelista
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The primary purpose of this study was to assess whether an interaction between subtle neurological impairment and haloperidol plasma level affects treatment response and, if so, the impact on negative symptoms in particular.Forty-three schizophrenic and two schizoaffective inpatients diagnosed according to Research Diagnostic Criteria were given, at the end of a 1-week placebo period, a baseline evaluation consisting of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scales for the Assessment of Positive and Negative Symptoms, Quantified Neurological Scale, and the Simpson-Angus Scale for extrapyramidal side effects. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three haloperidol plasma ranges and treated for 6 weeks. At the end point the BPRS, Scales for the Assessment of Positive and Negative Symptoms, and Simpson-Angus Scale were readministered. Multiple linear regressions were used to assess the extent to which the interaction between neurological abnormality and haloperidol plasma level predicted the end-point symptoms once the baseline symptoms, neurological abnormality, and haloperidol plasma level were accounted for.Those patients with higher levels of overall abnormality on the Quantified Neurological Scale at baseline and with frontal dysfunction in particular, had, with increasing haloperidol plasma levels, more severe negative symptoms at end point. Neurological dysfunction was not related to end-point positive symptoms. The effect was specific to end-point negative symptoms and was independent of extrapyramidal side effects.If confirmed, these findings may indicate that relatively intact frontal function is needed for improvement in negative symptoms and that those patients with schizophrenia who have subtle neurological dysfunction should be treated with lower doses of neuroleptics.
Abstract 2690: A Compression/Ventilation Metronome Prevents Hyperventilation by Professional Rescuers
Authors: Karl B Kern, Ronald E Stickney, Leanne Gallison, Robert E Smith, Fred W Chapman
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background : The recent recommendation for hands-only (continuous chest compression) CPR has caused concern that professional rescuers may over-ventilate to compensate for a lack of ventilation before their arrival. Previous research shows that over-ventilation can be deleterious. Methods : We conducted a prospective, randomized, parallel design study of the effectiveness of a customized metronome to guide both compressions and ventilations during CPR with an unsecured airway or a secured airway. Firefighter EMTs performed 2-rescuer CPR on an instrumented manikin, 34 EMTs with and 34 EMTs without metronome guidance. Each session consisted of 2 min of 30:2 CPR with an unsecured airway, then 4 min of CPR with a secured airway (100/min continuous compressions and 8 –10 ventilations/min), repeated after the rescuers switched roles. The metronome gave “tock” prompts for compressions and a spoken “ventilate” prompt. Endpoints included compression and ventilation rates. Results : Metronome use significantly decreased the incidence of over-ventilation (11/34 CPR sessions vs 0/34; p&lt;0.001). As previously documented, compression rate errors were significantly less with the metronome. For unsecured airways, mean compression rate error was 21/min for control vs. 0 for the metronome group, (p&lt;0.001); for secured airways, mean compression rate error was 18/min for control vs. 1/min for the metronome group (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions : A compression/ventilation metronome helps avoid over-ventilation and improves compression rate when used by professional rescuers on a manikin. The metronome may be highly effective in avoiding over-ventilation during CPR with a secured airway.
WITHDRAWN: HPLC-MS/MS method for plasma concentration and pharmacokinetic studies of ilaprazole enteric-coated tablets on beagle dogs
Authors: Panqin Ma, Wanpeng Qi, Wenna Jing, Ping Du, Zhenbao Li, Yingli Wang, Xuemei Han, Zhonggui He
Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences (2015)

This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
Evaluation of irradiated heart volumes in stage I breast cancer patients treated with postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy.
Authors: G Gyenes, G Gagliardi, I Lax, T Fornander, L E Rutqvist
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

To quantify the proportion of heart volumes that received at least 25 Gy with tangential photon fields in patients with left-sided stage I (T1 NOMO) breast cancer treated with breast-conserving surgery.The dose planning of 100 consecutive patients was reviewed. All were irradiated with tangential photon fields that covered the left breast only. A three-dimensional computed tomographic (CT)-based dose planning was made for each patient. The prescribed dose to the tumor was 50 Gy. For each patient, the proportion of the heart included in the 50% isodose was determined from the cumulative dose-volume histogram (DVH). The same volume determination was made for the left-sided breast cancer patients treated with tangential fields during the first Stockholm Breast Cancer Trial.The mean irradiated heart volume that received at least 25 Gy was 5.7% (SD = 4.5%) for the whole group and 11.9% (SD = 3.7%) in those with the highest volumes. The mean irradiated heart volume included in the 50% isodose for patients in the Stockholm Trial was 25% (SD = 11.9%).In this study, the majority of patients with left-sided T1NOMO breast cancer did not receive irradiation to substantial heart volumes. However, in 6% of all studied patients, the proportion of irradiated heart volume was close to the irradiated heart volumes with one of the treatment techniques used in the Stockholm Trial for patients with left-sided tumors. That technique has been associated with significantly increased cardiac mortality during long-term follow-up evaluation in a previous study. The CT-based three-dimensional treatment-planning system (TMS) represents a valuable tool in identifying such patients; thus, treatment may be conformed to reduce the irradiated heart volume.
Efficacy of bronchoscopic closure of broncho-pleural fistula with Amplatzer devices: Long term follow-up
Authors: Oren Fruchter, Bayya Abed El Raouf, Milton Saute, Elchanan Bruckheimer, Mordechai Kramer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective:    We have developed a minimally invasive method of bronchoscopic closure of Broncho-pleural fistula using Amplazer devices (AD) and Amplazer vascular plugs (AVP). The aim of the present report was to explore the long term outcome of patients treated by this novel modality.   Methods:   A total of 31 central BPF in 31 patients were sealed under moderate sedation bronchoscopically by either AD (N = 19) or (N = 12). The average follow-up period was 17.6 months (range 1-68 months)   Results:    The main etiology for BPF was surgery (N = 24). The underlying disease was lung cancer either primary (N = 20) or metastatic (n = 2). The immediate success rate was 96% as symptoms related to BPF disappeared in 30/31 of the patients. At follow-up, 14 patients (45%) are still alive. Out of 12 patients with late mortality, in 5 patients (41 %) the death was directly related to cancer relapse.   Conclusion:    Endobronchial closure of BPF using both types of Amplatzer occluders (AD, AVP) is a minimally invasive effective modality of treatment with high safety profile and satisfactory long term outcome.
Experts question IARC report saying benefits of mammography in older women outweigh risks
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Experts are questioning a summary report on breast screening developed by a panel for the World Health Organization’s International Agency for Research on Cancer that concluded that the benefits of mammography outweighed the risks in women aged 50-74.1 Critics consider that the summary, published ahead of the main report, failed to take account of bias and confounding factors in some screening studies and that the panel’s membership did not reflect varying views on the value of breast screening.

The agency’s report, summarised in the New England Journal of Medicine last week,2 said that its conclusions represented the consensus of a panel of 29 invited experts after they discussed preliminary evaluations of available evidence developed by subgroups. It reported that the group found “sufficient” evidence that mammography reduced mortality from breast cancer in women aged 50-69 years of age and in women aged 70-74 years.

But one member of the panel, Anthony Miller, emeritus professor at the University of Toronto’s Dalla Lana School of Public Health, was concerned that the report did not …
Traffic-related air pollution, impaired lung function and incident type 2 diabetes: SALIA study
Authors: Mohammad Vossoughi, Tamara Schikowski, Andrea Vierkötter, Dorothea Sugiri, Barbara Hoffmann, Tom Teichert, Christian Herder, Christian Luckhaus, Ursula Krämer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Results from the SALIA Study on the influence of Air pollution on Lung function, Inflammation and Aging showed that traffic-related air pollution was associated with lung function impairment and incident type 2 diabetes. We investigated, whether impaired pulmonary function increased the risk for developing diabetes and acts as a mediator on the pathway from exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2) to diabetes.

Exposure to NO2 for 1083 nondiabetic women of SALIA aged 55 years at baseline (1985-1990) was determined using land use regression models. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were measured at baseline. Incidence of diabetes at follow-up (1990-2006) was assessed using questionnaires. We used adjusted proportional hazard and linear regression models.

An interquartile range (13.3 μg/m3) increase in NO2 was associated with 110 ml lower FEV1. During follow-up, 92 women (8.5%) reported newly diagnosed diabetes. Per 100 ml lower FEV1 at baseline the hazard for diabetes was increased to 7.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-13.6%). In the analysis of NO2 and incident diabetes, inclusion of FEV1 changed the hazard for diabetes from 37% (95% CI: 7-75%) to 33% (95% CI: 4-70%) suggesting that 11% of the effect might be mediated through lung function. Women with lower lung function (< median) were more susceptible for traffic-related excess risk of diabetes than women with better lung function (≥ median) but this interaction was not significant.

Impaired lung function may be a risk factor for diabetes. The association between NO2 and diabetes was marginally mediated by deteriorated lung function and seems to be mostly attributable to other pathways.
Second-line single-agent versus doublet chemotherapy as salvage therapy for metastatic urothelial cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: D. Raggi, R. Miceli, G. Sonpavde, P. Giannatempo, L. Mariani, M.D. Galsky, J. Bellmunt, A. Necchi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
On the Road to Interoperability, Public and Private Organizations Work to Connect Health Care Data
Authors: Julie A. Jacob
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal