tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Statistical Survey of Gynecological Laparoscopy/ Pelviscopy in Germany till 1977
Authors: K. Semm
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

By mailing, 1.365 questionnaires to gynecologists, 265,900 laparoscopies/pelviscopies were reported in 682 questionnaires (49.2%) by anonymous answer. These had been performed by 380 gynecologists (hospitals) between 1949 and 1977 in Germany. 302 gynecologists who answered the questionnaires (44.2%) are not using the endoscopic technique. Till the end of 1977 in Germany monopolar high-frequency current was used in 52%, bipolar high-frequency current was used in 42%, and modern endocoagulation was used in 25% for the purposes of hemostasis. 240 hospitals (63%) are mainly using pelviscopes of 5--8 mm diameter, 124 hospitals (33%) are using laparoscopes of 11 mm diameter. All together 949 (3.56%) complications had occurred which necessitated 690 laparotomies (2.59%). Cause of these complications were damages to vessels and burns by high-frequency current. 24 (0,09%) deaths were reported which had occurred during or following the intervention, that is one death for 11,000 pelviscopies. Mortality due to this method can be itemized as follows: 13 deaths (0.09%) in 140,977 (53%) diagnostical laparoscopies/pelviscopies, 3 deaths (0.08%) in 37,639 (14.2%) diagnostical-operative pelviscopies, 8 deaths (0.09%) in 87,284 (32.8%) sterilizations. Since 1974, however, the mortality rate is smaller than 1 : 100,000. Since 1973 every year 30,000 to 35,000 pelviscopies were registered in Germany; no deaths in 1974, 1976 and 1977.
Bacterial Endocarditis
Authors: Oglesby Paul, Edward F. Bland, Paul D. White
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1947)

PENICILLIN was first used in the treatment of a case of bacterial endocarditis at the Massachusetts General Hospital in 1944. During the subsequent three-year period 44 patients have received this antibiotic agent with remarkable results, which are to date comparable to those reported from other large clinics. In our series 29 lives that undoubtedly would have been lost only a few years ago have been saved. On the other side of the picture, penicillin treatment is not without its technical difficulties. Attainment of cure is a lengthy and expensive process, often interrupted by unforeseen and at times tragic complications, and . . .
Control of Rheumatic Fever
Authors: Paul M. Goldfarb
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I read with interest the editorial "Control of Rheumatic Fever: How Are We Doing?" (237:1720, 1977). The following statement was of interest to me: "During World War II an average of 2.06 cases of acute rheumatic fever occurred per 1,000 activeduty Navy personnel; during the years 1968 through 1970, this rate declined 96% to 0.08 cases per 1,000 annually." During World War II, I was a Naval Medical Officer stationed at the US Navy Training Center, Farragut, Idaho. During that time streptococcal infections were rampant at the training center. I doubt that a day went by that at least one Navy personnel was not sent to the hospital with acute rheumatic fever. The total number of Navy personnel with rheumatic fever at this particular base was really unbelievable. I suggest that Mortimer might wish to reevaluate his statistics after excluding all cases of acute rheumatic fever from
Subjective Illness Concepts and Problem-Oriented Therapy
Authors: M. Thommen, A. Blaser, Ch. Ringer, E. Heim
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1990)

Subjective illness concepts mean the comprehensive psychological explanations about causes and functions of actual problems by the patient. These concepts are related to basic needs and they historically arise from interactions with the social environment. In respect to the actual situation they are constructed in a new way. They aim at reorganizing the needs of the sick individual as well as monitoring his experience of being ill. Often they do not accomplish this aim because they appear to be deficient for many reasons. In the therapeutic situation the patient is confronted with the scientific theories of his therapist. Both concepts represent different perspectives of the same problem. However, both have to be discussed in a cooperative manner and ultimately result in a complementary view which we denote as 'problem definition'.
Toward a neuroscience of interactive parent–infant dyad empathy
Authors: James E. Swain, Sara Konrath, Carolyn J. Dayton, Eric D. Finegood, S. Shaun Ho
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

Abstract In accord with social neuroscience's progression to include interactive experimental paradigms, parents' brains have been activated by emotionally charged infant stimuli – especially of their own infant – including baby cry and picture. More recent research includes the use of brief video clips and opportunities for maternal response. Among brain systems important to parenting are those involved in empathy. This research may inform recent studies of decreased societal empathy, offer mechanisms and solutions.
National claims database belongs to NHS as a whole
Authors: K. Walshe
Journal: BMJ (2000)

EDITOR—Fenn et al provide a useful analysis of the growing costs of clinical negligence to the NHS.1 They might, however, not have had to restrict their research to data from Oxfordshire's local database of clinical negligence if the NHS was making proper use of data from its national database of claims.

Since its establishment in 1995, the NHS litigation authority has been responsible for managing both the clinical negligence scheme for trusts, which …
Abstract 2678: Effect of amentoflavone on radiation response in neuronal cells
Authors: Yi Wang, Xiangjuan Kong, Xiaobing Tang, Xiaoke Zheng, Yanhui Zhu, Shengqi Wang, Shengqi Wang, Huichen Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Ionizing radiation induces DNA damage and oxidative stress, leading cell death during cancer therapy or genomic instability and carcinogenesis amentoflavone is a purified component extracted from medicine plants that are used to treat various diseases. Here we investigated the role of amentoflavone in radiation response in hippocampal neurons (HT22) and glioblastoma cells (U87 MG) following exposure to high linear transfer (LET) radiation and low LET radiation We found that Amentoflavone protects hippocampal neurons from radiation and enhances radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells.Treatment of amentoflavone increased survival fractions in hippocampal neuronal cells following exposure to X-Ray radiation and 56Fe particles, though amentoflavone enhanced radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells. Amentoflavone attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) and regulated DNA damage repair in irradiated hippocampal neurons through superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) and Foxkhead box O3 a (FOXO3a) pathways. Pretreament of amentoflavone also increased the survival rate of mice from whole body gamma irradiation. This suggests that amentoflavone may have a potential function on cancer chemo- radiotherapy and radiation protection from cancer risks. The mechanism needs to be further studied. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2678. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2678
"Red" Candies and Urine Barbiturate Determinations
Authors: Michael F. Heiman
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Although thin-layer chromatography has revolutionized methodological approaches to the detection and determination of barbiturate levels in biologic materials and has become the method of choice in many large governmental agencies and academic research centers, there are several other methods used by smaller, more financially sensitive institutions that may lack the resources and equipment necessary for the more elaborate techniques. One such alternative technique is a simple and rapid colorimetric procedure described in<i>Bray's Clinical Laboratory Methods</i>(St Louis, The CV Mosby Co Publishers, 1968, pp 695-696). It involves a complex formed between mercury and barbituric acid derivatives and uses diphenylthiocarbazone in the estimation of the remaining mercury. This procedure was used in our clinical laboratory until the following incident occurred. There had been an epidemic of the illicit use of "reds," or secobarbital (Seconal), on the hospital grounds. To monitor the extent of the abuse, routine urine
Access to Medical Care-Reply
Authors: Eli Ginzberg
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> I share with the writer of the letter a deep disquietude about the fact that my comments are at variance with the<i>goal</i>of "equal access to quality care." But I was referring to<i>realities</i>, not to my or anybody else's preferences. Accordingly, despite the large number of physicians entering the medical system, I see little likelihood of practitioners setting up private practice in low-income areas, white or black. Hence, second-best alternatives relating to access and care should be explored. They are surely better than hiding one's head in the sand or taking refuge behind slogans, even idealistic ones.
Staphylococcal Toxoid for Furunculosis
Authors: R. H. Broughton
Journal: BMJ (1964)

The abdominal and thoracic visceral abnor- malities were in no recognizable relation to each other and must have arisen at different stages of development.They cannot be explained on the basis of drug-induced dam- age to the embryo, and in our view they are not related to the febrile influenzal infection which the mother contracted on the 43rd day after the last menses.-Iam, etc.,
Effectiveness of Vitamin B<sub>12</sub>in Combined System Disease
Authors: Lionel Berk, Derek Denny-Brown, Maxwell Finland, William B. Castle
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

IT IS well known that in patients with pernicious anemia, adequate therapy with desiccated stomach, whole liver and liver extracts for oral use, or with crude or refined liver extracts given by injection, will arrest the progress of combined system disease and may bring about a variable amount of recovery of nervous function, depending on the duration and severity of the process.1 Since in many patients the neurologic and hematologic manifestations of pernicious anemia differ strikingly in degree, the possibility exists that these abnormalities are due to deficiency of two different substances, both of which are contained in the therapeutic . . .
Combined pure red cell aplasia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia in systemic lupus erythematosus with anti‐erythropoietin autoantibodies
Authors: Akinori Hara, Takashi Wada, Shinji Kitajima, Tadashi Toyama, Toshiya Okumura, Kiyoki Kitagawa, Yasunori Iwata, Norihiko Sakai, Kengo Furuichi, Masato Higuchi, Shuichi Kaneko
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract A 42‐year‐old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted to our hospital because of severe anemia. Her bone marrow was almost normocellular and erythroblasts were nearly absent. Laboratory data showed elevated levels of lactate dehydrogenase and positive findings on Coombs' tests. On the basis of these findings, her anemia was diagnosed as the overlap of pure red cell aplasia with autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Radioimmunoprecipitation assay revealed that her serum was positive for anti‐erythropoietin antibodies before therapy. Furthermore, the autoantibodies inhibited proliferation of an erythropoietin‐dependent cell line in a dose‐dependent manner. Immunosuppressive treatment improved the anemia accompanied with disappearance of the autoantibodies. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Am. J. Hematol., 2008.
The Role of Increasing Detection in the Rising Incidence of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Arnold L. Potosky
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To assess the reasons for the dramatic surge in prostate cancer incidence from 1986 to 1991.Population-based study of incidence rates and procedures used to detect and diagnose prostate cancer derived from Medicare claims data and the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program from 1986 to 1991.Four SEER areas (Connecticut; Atlanta, Ga; Detroit, Mich; and Seattle--Puget Sound, Wash) covering approximately 6% of the US population.A 5% random sample of male fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older without cancer, and all men with prostate cancer diagnosed at 65 years of age and older residing in the four areas.The age-adjusted rates of prostate cancer incidence, prostate needle biopsy, transurethral resection of the prostate, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, and transrectal ultrasound.The age-adjusted incidence rate of prostate cancer among men aged 65 years and older in the four SEER areas rose 82% from 1986 to 1991, with the largest annual increases occurring in 1990 (20%) and 1991 (19%). Prostate needle biopsy rates increased while the use of transurethral resection of the prostate declined from 1986 to 1991. The rising needle biopsy rate has been driven by an exponential increase in PSA testing in the general population from 1988 to 1991 and, to a much lesser extent, the increasing use of transrectal ultrasound since 1986. The use of PSA or transrectal ultrasound has increased across age and race groups and in different geographic areas. However, there remain wide geographic variations in the use of PSA screening.The recent dramatic epidemic of prostate cancer is likely the result of the increasing detection of tumors resulting from increased PSA screening. The magnitude and rapidity of the incidence rise suggest that changes in the intensity of medical surveillance is the most plausible explanation for this trend.The rapid diffusion of screening interventions that have the ability to detect latent asymptomatic disease leads to important concerns regarding costs and patient quality of life for men aged 65 years and older. Geographic variability in the adoption of PSA testing underscores uncertainty and disagreement about its value for reducing prostate cancer mortality. More research is required to determine the effectiveness of screening for prostate cancer.
Germline mutations in FH predispose to dominantly inherited uterine fibroids, skin leiomyomata and papillary renal cell cancer
Authors: Ian P M Tomlinson, N Afrina Alam, Andrew J Rowan, Ella Barclay, Emma E M Jaeger, David Kelsell, Irene Leigh, Patricia Gorman, Hanan Lamlum, Shamima Rahman, Rebecca R Roylance, Simon Olpin, Stephen Bevan, Karen Barker, Nicholas Hearle, Richard S Houlston, Maija Kiuru, Rainer Lehtonen, Auli Karhu, Susa Vilkki, Päivi Laiho, Carita Eklund, Outi Vierimaa, Kristiina Aittomäki, Marja Hietala, Pertti Sistonen, Anders Paetau, Reijo Salovaara, Riitta Herva, Virpi Launonen, Lauri A Aaltonen
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
Indoor allergen levels and other environmental risk factors for sensitization in Estonian homes
Authors: K. Julge, A. K. M. Munir, M. Vasar, B. Björkstén
Journal: Allergy (1998)

The prevalence of allergic disease is low in Eastern Europe for reasons that are poorly understood. Our study aimed to investigate the levels of exposure to indoor allergens and living conditions among Estonian infants in relation to sensitization. Dust samples were collected during four winter months in 1993/94 from the homes of 197 infants participating in a prospective study of sensitization. Information about living conditions was collected through home visit and interviewing the mothers when the children were 6 weeks old. Three dust samples were collected from each home: i.e., from the infant's mattress, bedroom floor, and living‐room carpet. The levels of allergens were determined by ELISA with monoclonal antibodies. The highest allergen level in a home was regarded as the peak value. The peak geometric mean values (±SD) of Der p 1 and Der f 1 were 0.3 (0.07–1.4) μg/g dust, of Can 1, 0.86 (0.23–3.12) μg/g dust, and of Fel d 1, 0.1 (0.01–0.9) μg/g dust. In 12 homes (9%), the peak value of house‐dust mite (HDM) allergens exceeded 2 μg/g dust, with Der p 1 as the dominating allergen. Multivariate analyses indicated that high levels of HDM allergens were more common in apartments that were on the ground floor or first floor, that were heated with stoves, and/or that had a dampness problem. The mean allergen levels at home were similar in children sensitized to HDM (n = 17. 0.29 v.s 0.3 μg/g dust), dog ( n =5, 0.55 vs 1.06 μg/g dust, and cat ( n = 18, 0.21 vs 0.09 μg/g dust) and in children who were not sensitized to these allergens. Most of the sensitized children were exposed to relatively low allergen levels at home; i.e., below 1 μg/g dust. This level was exceeded in the homes of 4/17 mite‐, 5/18 cat‐, and 0/5 dog‐sensitized children. The similar levels of the major indoor allergens in Estonia and in Scandinavia indicate that the large differences in atopy prevalence among children and young adults in the two regions are not due to differences in allergen exposure. No allergen threshold level for sensitization was identified.
Misuse of Drugs Bill
Authors: J. L. Reed, M. M. Glatt, H. D. Beckett, K. Lotinga, J. Denham, J. Buchanan, J. W. Mack, P. Boyd, R. Leyland, G. B. Oppenheim, E. Tylden, C. Saville, P. Aylett, S. D. Gup'ta, D. Hassall, M. Tripp, E. Curry, F. P. Haldane
Journal: BMJ (1970)
Operative Treatment of Aortic Stenosis in the Adult
Authors: J. GORDON SCANNELL, ROBERT S. SHAW, JOHN F. BURKE, W. GERALD AUSTEN, JUSTUS S. SAURBREY
Journal: Circulation (1963)

THE OPERATIVE TREATMENT of adult aortic stenosis is in a phase of transition.While there is general agreement that an open, visual approach is superior to closed, blind instrumentation of the valve, there can be real debate over the relative merits of debridement and incision versus artificial prosthesis.Indeed, the problems of autogenous reconstruction and homologous re- placement are just appearing above the hori- zon, and the basic process of calcification of valvular structures is little understood.It seems worth while, therefore, to report our total experience to date with open repair of aortic stenosis in 103 adult patients.These patients represent a consecutive and, within certain limits, standardized experience.All operations were performed with the objective of restoring valvular function by deliberate, unhurried debridement and incision of accu- rately identified commissures, avoiding pros- thetic cusp or valvular replacement wherever possible.Preliminary exploration in postmor- tem specimens demonstrated the feasibility of restoring function to deformed and calcified aortic valves and provided convincing evi- dence that this approach would be a reason- able one.1The experience reported here, therefore, is a baseline against which the value of artificial valves can be measured and indi- cations for their use defined.The overall clinical picture is presented in figure 1.An initial staggering mortality-10 hospital-deaths in the first 17 patients-was followed by an equally startling sequence of 23 cases without a hospital-death.Another disquieting period followed, finally leveling off so that in the last 50 cases the mortalitvI
Abortion does not cause mental health problems, says large review
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Women who have an elective legal abortion do not experience depression or long term psychological distress afterward, according to researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, in Baltimore, Maryland ( Contraception 2008;78:436-50, (doi:10:1016/j.contraception.2008.07.005). They reviewed the best 21 studies published in the past 20 years, involving thousands of women.

“The highest quality studies had findings that were mostly neutral, suggesting few, if any differences between women who had abortions and their respective comparison groups in terms of mental health sequelae. Conversely, studies with the most flawed methodology found negative mental …
Evaluation of Postprandial Symptoms-Reply
Authors: AVINOAM KOWARSKI
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Patients with postprandial complaints resembling the clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia pose a perplexing diagnostic problem for their physicians. Since symptoms are frequently vague and nonspecific, they may represent manifestations of psychosomatic, psychiatric, or metabolic disorder. It is important to differentiate among the various diagnostic possibilities since the patient will benefit from appropriate therapy. The goal of our study was to develop unbiased and objective diagnostic criteria for the postprandial syndrome. Therefore, we included in the study only patients whose symptom manifestations could be confirmed by an outside observer. The eight patients<sup>1</sup>excluded from our study reported only subjective complaints, and there was no assurance that they had the postprandial syndrome. Some of them could have been suffering from the unrelated conditions that create diagnostic confusion. The oral glucose meal has evolved as a standardized, objective procedure to evaluate conditions of patients with postprandial symptoms, since the test
Endothelium-dependent vascular hyporesponsiveness without detection of nitric oxide synthase induction in aortas of cirrhotic rats
Authors: Andre L. Weigert, Pierre-Yves Martin, Michel Niederberger, Elisa M. S. Higa, Ivan F. McMurtry, Pere Gines, Robert W. Schrier
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

The present experiments were designed to test if induction of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) plays a role in the systemic vasodilation observed in hepatic cirrhosis. Because endotoxin levels are elevated in cirrhosis, and endotoxin stimulates inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in several cell lines, aortas of carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhotic rats with ascites were evaluated for iNOS expression. Endotoxin-treated rats were studied as positive controls. Phenylephrine contraction was decreased in aortic rings with endothelium from both endotoxin-treated and cirrhotic rats as compared with controls. However, after endothelium denudation, the reduced contractility persisted in endotoxin-treated rats but disappeared in cirrhotic rats. L-Nitro-arginine-methylester (L-NAME), a nonselective inhibitor of NOS, potentiated the phenylephrine contraction of aortic rings with and without endothelium from endotoxin-treated rats but only rings with endothelium from cirrhotic rats. Moreover, aminoguanidine (AG), a preferential inhibitor of iNOS, did not affect phenylephrine contraction of rings with or without endothelium from cirrhotic rats but reversed the blunted response in endotoxin-treated rats. Northern analysis detected iNOS RNA (mRNA) expression in aortas of endotoxin-treated rats but did not detect it from cirrhotic rats. In summary, although several previous studies provide evidence for in vivo overproduction of nitric oxide in cirrhosis, the present results do not support iNOS induction as the source of nitric oxide in aortas of cirrhotic rats. Rather, because the aortic vascular hyporesponsiveness in cirrhosis is endothelium-dependent, overexpression or overstimulation of the endothelial constitutive isoform of NOS appears to be involved.
Health Care Reform
Authors: Jay Harolds
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

The Health Care Reform legislation has many provisions of importance to the nuclear medicine community. This article is not a complete summary of the thousands of pages in the legislation, but emphasizes some relevant aspects of the bills. When the plan is fully implemented, about 32 million more Americans will have health insurance. Pre-existing medical conditions will no longer result in insurance denials. There are many initiatives to slow the growth of spending on health care in various ways, such as by setting up the new Medicare Advisory Board. There are also new fees, taxes, penalties, subsidies, and tax deduction changes.