tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16138: Virtual Angioscopy Identifies Abnormal Coronary Ostial Morphology in Patients With Anomalous Origin of a Coronary Artery From the Contralateral Sinus of Valsalva
Authors: Matthew A Harris, Paul M Weinberg, David C Shin, Kevin K Whitehead, Matthew J Gillespie, Yoav Dori, Thomas L Spray, Mark A Fogel
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction Anomalous origin of the right or left coronary artery (AORCA or AOLCA) from the contralateral sinus of Valsalva is a congenital heart defect associated with exercise-induced ischemia a...
Treatment dilemmas in sarcoidosis - a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rosemary Trafford, Androniki Abelidis, Li Shan Liu, Marta Babores, Sriram Iyer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:   Despite a lot of published literature, little is known about the evolution of treated or untreated sarcoidosis. No factors have been shown to aid decision to treat or predict response to treatment. Treatment has not been shown to have significant effect on mortality or progression to fibrosis.   Aims:   - Define demographics of our sarcoidosis cohort.  - Identify the effect of various factors on decision to treat or response to treatment.   Methods:   We retrospectively identified our cohort of sarcoidosis patients from clinical coding data. Clinical information, laboratory data and radiology were reviewed. Categorical data was analyzed using Chi-squared test   Results:   Sixty patients had a coded diagnosis of sarcoidosis or granulomatous lung disease.  Mean(SD)age was 53.8(12.67)yrs. Two thirds(67%) were male. Mean FVCwas 93.9%. Chest radiographwas normal only in 17% of patients and most(77%) had respiratory symptoms. Majority (63%) had raised serum ACE(sACE) levels.  Presenting symptoms, age or gender did not have any bearing on baseline lung function.  Older patients(>60years) were more often observed than commenced on steroids but were more likely to respond to treatment(p=0.0076).  Gender and smoking status did not affect treatment or response to treatment if it was started.  There was no correlation between raised sACE and positive histological diagnosis. ACE levels did not influence treatment choice or response.  Histological diagnosis had no bearing on treatment choice or response.   Conclusions:   We have demonstrated heterogeneity in our sarcoidosis cohort. Aside from increasing age, no other factors have been shown to influence prognosis. The decision to treat patients remains a clinical one.
Reference values for residual volume, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity. ATS Workshop on Lung Volume Measurements. Official Statement of The European Respiratory Society
Authors: J Stocks, PH Quanjer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Reference values play an important role in establishing whether, in an individual, measured volumes fall within a  to be expected for a healthy person of the same sex, similar stature, age, and other characteristics. Hence, reference values should be chosen that are appropriate to the person being investigated. Ideally, the reference values should be consistent; in the context of this paper, it implies that predictions for the various lung volumes have been derived from the same reference population, with the same techniques. Comparing measured with reference values is fraught with difficulties, as it may lead to disease going undetected. This is because the scatter in predicted values is sufficiently large to allow a sick person to lose, e.g. much of his total lung capacity (TLC), whilst still remaining in the  observed in comparable healthy persons. In addition, measurements in an abnormal range are not diagnostic of a specific disease, as many diagnostic entities may cause static lung volumes to be abnormal. Hence, in the follow-up of a patient, reliance should be placed much more on the effects of drugs or challenges with pharmacological, chemical or physical stimuli or allergens, and on the rate of change of lung volumes, than on the relationship of an isolated result to published normative data. In fact, the best reference value is the value observed in a period when the disease is stable and minimal for that person. In studies such as the effects of drugs in patients with lung disease, or of adverse effects of environmental factors on the lungs, observed values should not be compared with reference values; instead, a comparison should be made with values obtained in an appropriately chosen control group.
Effect of training on maximal oxygen uptake and muscular strength after lung cancer surgery - A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Elisabeth Edvardsen, Ole Henning Skjonsberg, Fredrik Borchsenius, Sigmund A. Anderssen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Lung cancer surgery may result in severe deconditioning, having a negative effect on their daily life activity. The effect of physical training following lung resection has not been thoroughly investigated. The aim was to study the effect of a training program after surgery in lung cancer. The primary outcome was change in maximal oxygen uptake (VO 2max ) and secondary outcomes included change in muscular strength and total muscle mass.   Methods:  The effect of supervised endurance- and strength training program (60 min three times a week for 20 weeks) in 62 lung cancer patients (female=31) were studied during a single-blind, randomized controlled trial 5-7 weeks after surgery. The control group received standard post-operative care. VO 2max  was directly measured on a treadmill. Muscular strength was assessed by measuring explosive and endurance strength, and muscle mass was measured by DXA-scan.   Results:  Of the 55 patients who fulfilled the intervention, the 25 in the training group had a significant improvement in VO 2max  from19.2±5.15 to 23.3±5.2 ml•kg -1 •min -1  (p   Conclusion:  In newly resected lung cancer patients, hard training was well tolerated and resulted in a significant increase in VO 2max  and muscular strength compared to controls. This study may form a basis for exercise therapy after lung cancer surgery.
Improvement of left ventricular contractile function by exercise training in patients with coronary artery disease.
Authors: A A Ehsani, D R Biello, J Schultz, B E Sobel, J O Holloszy
Journal: Circulation (1986)

To determine whether prolonged, intense exercise training can improve left ventricular function in patients with coronary artery disease, we studied 25 patients, 52 +/- 2 years old (mean +/- SE), who completed a 12 month program of endurance exercise training and 14 additional patients with comparable maximal exercise capacities and ejection fractions who did not exercise. The training program consisted of endurance exercise of progressively increasing intensity, frequency, and duration. During the last 3 months the patients were running an average of 18 miles/week, or doing an equivalent amount of exercise on a cycle ergometer. Maximal attainable VO2 increased 37% (p less than .001). Of the 10 patients with effort angina, five became asymptomatic, three experienced less angina, and two were unchanged after training. Ejection fraction was determined by equilibrium radionuclide ventriculography. At rest, ejection fraction was 53 +/- 3% before and 54 +/- 3% after training (p = NS). Ejection fraction did not change during maximal supine exercise before training (52 +/- 3%), but after training it increased to 58 +/- 3% (p less than .01). During maximal exercise, systolic blood pressure and the rate-pressure product were higher after training. The systolic blood pressure-end-systolic volume relationship was shifted upward and to the left, with an increase in maximal systolic blood pressure (p less than .001) and a smaller end-systolic volume (p less than .05), providing evidence for an improvement in contractile state after training. In patients who did not participate in training neither this relationship nor the ejection fraction response to exercise was changed after 12 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Differential diagnosis of outpatient pneumonia and infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis by the Diaskintest
Authors: Boris Borodulin, Elena Borodulina, Olga Kozlova, Ludmila Povalyaeva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of differential diagnosis of infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis and pneumonia with the use of traditional diagnostic set minimum and the Diaskintest in pulmonary center. The study involved 86 patients with suspected tuberculosis. Of these, 10 patients gave a positive result on the Diaskintest, and then activity of tuberculosis process was confirmed in a tuberculosis dispensary. The rest of the inclusion group and the of a comparison group with the classical outpatient pneumonia (52 patients) was negative result on the Diaskintest, antiphlogistic and antibacterial treatment had a positive effect. It is concluded that the Diaskintest may be a marker to identify active tuberculosis in the differential diagnosis of outpatient pneumonia.
IgG avidity in the serodiagnosis of acute Toxoplasma gondii infection: a multicenter study
Authors: Alessandra Sensini, Susanna Pascoli, Daniela Marchetti, Roberto Castronari, Maurizio Marangi, Giovanni Sbaraglia, Cinzia Cimmino, Alberto Favero, Mariarosa Castelletto, Attilio Mottola
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1996)
Transcription factor FOXp3 is over expressed in BALT of systemic sclerosis model induced by collagen V nasal tolerance
Authors: Ana Paula Velosa, Walcy R. Teodoro, Isabele C. Brindo da Cruz, Edwin R. Parra, Antonio dos Santos Filho, Sandra M. Fernezlian, Vera Luiza Capelozzi, Natalino H. Yoshinari
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  To evaluate the transcription factor FOXp3 expression in lymphocytes of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) and correlate with the inflammatory process and the amonts of collagen in pulmonary interstitium of systemic sclerosis (SSc) model after type V collagen (COL V)-induced nasal tolerance.   Methods:  Female New Zealand rabbits (N=12) were immunized with 1mg/ml of COL V in Freund9s adjuvant (IM). After 150 days, six animals were tolerated by nasal administration of COL V (25 mg/day) (IM-TOL), daily during 60 days. Animals (N=6) not immunized and COL V tolerated served as control (CT). Immunohistochimistry and morphometric analysis was used to evaluate the T lymphocytes FOXp3 expression in BALT structures and inflammatory cells in pulmonary interstitium. Types I, III and V collagen expression were evaluated by Real-time PCR.   Results:  We observed the BALT lymphocytes FOXp3 expressed in all of IM-TOL animals when comapred with 33,3% of CT (p=0,03) group. In the pulmonary interstitium, IM-TOL presented a significant decreased of lymphocytes (4.33±1.71  vs.  11.45±2.52), macrophages (5.7433±2.27  vs.  7.66±1.568) and monocytes (1.9158±0.7332  vs.  27.67±3.72) when compared with IM. COLI (0.10±0.07  vs.  1.0±0.528, p=0,002) and COLV (1.12±0.42  vs.  4.74±2.25, p=0,009) mRNA expression were reduced in IM-TOL when compared with IM.   Conclusions:  COL V-induced nasal tolerance in the experimental SSc induced FOXp3 regulatory T cells in BALT which can trigger an immune regulatory mechanism resulting in decreased inflammation and collagen expression. It suggests that tolerance with COL V could be a promising therapeutic option for human scleroderma treatment.
Mycobacterium leprae is identified in the oral mucosa from paucibacillary and multibacillary leprosy patients
Authors: M.A.M. Morgado de Abreu, A.M. Roselino, M. Enokihara, S. Nonogaki, L.E. Prestes-Carneiro, L.L.M. Weckx, M.M.A. Alchorne
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Investigation of Human Malignant Tumors in India for Simian Virus 40 Etiology&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K. V. Shah
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Sera collected from 975 cancer patients in 10 cities of India were screened for virus-neutralizing and “tumor” (T) antibodies to simian virus 40. All localities of collection were within the known limits of distribution of the rhesus monkey. The overall prevalence of virus-neutralizing antibodies was 5.3%. The protective sera were distributed in all age groups and had low titers of neutralizing antibodies. In analysis of sera from localities where at least one serum was protective, the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies was comparable in all diagnostic categories of cancer except cancer of the urinary bladder, in which 5 of 11 sera were protective. In indirect fluorescent-antibody tests, no T antibodies were demonstrated in any sera, including those from patients with cancer of the bladder.
Incidence of Lung Cancer by Cell Type: A Population-Based Study in New Hampshire and Vermont&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: E. Robert Greenberg, Roy Korson, Jennifer Baker, Jane Barrett, John A. Baron, Jerome Yates
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

Identified were 1,906 cases of confirmed lung cancer that occurred among all residents of New Hampshire and Vermont over a 4-year period. Medical records, pathologists' reports, and, when possible, pathology slides were obtained and reviewed to assign cases to a specific histologic diagnosis. The diagnosis made by the original pathologist was generally confirmed upon review, except for the large cell undifferentiated cell type which appeared to be an unreliable classification. Among men at all ages incidence rates for squamous cell cancer far exceeded those for adenocarcinoma and small cell undifferentiated carcinoma, and the three age-incidence curves showed a similar pattern, rising until the eighth decade of life and then declining. Among women these three major cell types occurred about equally often, but the age-incidence curves differed in shape with adenocarcinoma reaching a peak incidence at an earlier age.
Mucosal explant induced migration of T-cells from severe asthmatics is inhibited by CCR4 antagonism
Authors: Thomas Southworth, Anna Kuklinska-Pijanka, Justyna Sutula, Paul Cadden, Simon Hodgson, David Hall, Dave Singh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Th2 cells that express chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) are key to inflammation in asthma. Work in mild asthma patients suggests that CCR4 plays a role in Th2 migration into the lung, making CCR4 a possible therapeutic target. However, little evidence is known on the role of CCR4 on Th2 migration in severe asthma patients on high dose corticosteroids.  Aim: To investigate if chemokines released by mucosal explants, from asthma patients on high dose inhaled corticosteroids, drive Th2 migration and if such a response is CCR4 dependent.  Methods: Bronchial explants, from 11 severe (SA) and 9 steroid naive (SNA) asthma patients, were cultured in media +/- house dust mite extract. The supernatants were used as chemoattractants in migration assays with patient-matched peripheral T-cells. The effects of three CCR4 antagonists, GSK494652A, GSK2239633A and GSK2192991A, on T-cell migration were examined.  Results: Bronchial explant conditioned media from SNA induced higher T-cell migration than that from SA (p=0.03). However, house dust mite extract did not enhance chemotaxis in either SNA (p=0.9) or SA (p=0.6). Inhibition of CCR4 reduced T-cell migration in response to unstimulated explant conditioned media (Table 1).  Conclusions: Targeting CCR4 may prove to be effective in reducing Th2 recruitment into the lung and the subsequent inflammatory response in asthma patients who are on high dose inhaled corticosteroid treatment.
NOX4-driven ROS formation mediates PTP inactivation and cell transformation in FLT3ITD-positive AML cells
Authors: A K Jayavelu, J P Müller, R Bauer, S-A Böhmer, J Lässig, S Cerny-Reiterer, W R Sperr, P Valent, B Maurer, R Moriggl, K Schröder, A M Shah, M Fischer, S Scholl, J Barth, T Oellerich, T Berg, H Serve, S Frey, T Fischer, F H Heidel, F-D Böhmer
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Occupational ultraviolet light exposure increases the risk for the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: J. Schmitt, A. Seidler, T.L. Diepgen, A. Bauer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Despite the fact that ultraviolet (UV) light exposure is the most important risk factor for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) there is an ongoing debate concerning the relationship between cumulative work-related UV exposure and SCC occurrence.To analyse comprehensively the relationship between work-related UV exposure and SCC risk.We conducted a systematic electronic literature search in PubMed (up to 5 May 2010) supplemented by a hand search, which identified 18 relevant studies that were included in the review. Data abstraction and study quality assessment was done independently by two reviewers. Maximally adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of all included studies were pooled in a random-effects meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis included meta-regression on study-specific covariates to explore the robustness of the results and to identify sources of heterogeneity between studies. Eighteen studies (six cohort studies, 12 case-control studies) met the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review.Sixteen studies (89%) found an increased risk of SCC in individuals with occupational UV light exposure compared with individuals without occupational UV light exposure, reaching statistical significance in 12 studies. Two studies found no association between occupational UV light exposure and SCC occurrence. The pooled OR (95% CI) was 1·77 (1·40-2·22) and did not differ significantly between cohort studies [OR (95% CI): 1·68 (1·08-2·63)] and case-control studies [OR (95% CI): 1·77 (1·37-2·30)]. Meta-regression analyses suggested an increasing strength of the association between occupational UV light exposure and SCC risk with decreasing latitude.In summary, there is consistent epidemiological evidence for a positive association between occupational UV light exposure and SCC risk.
Clustering asthma and COPD provides new evidence for both “British” and “Dutch” hypotheses of COPD development
Authors: M A Ghebre, M Bafadhel, D Desai, R May, A Herath, P Newbold, I D Pavord, C Newby, P R Burton, C E Brightling
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim: We sought to determine the extent to which severe asthma and COPD represent distinct or overlapping conditions in terms of their sputum cellular and mediator profiles.  Methods: We compared the clinical, physiological and sputum mediator profiles between patients with severe asthma (n=80) and COPD (n=75). Biological subgroups were determined by factor, cluster and discriminant analysis of 18 sputum cytokines. Subgroup stratification was validated using the best discriminator from the 9test9 set in an independent 9validation9 set of severe asthma (n=159) and COPD (n=58).  Results: Discriminant analysis, using a combination of clinical and biological variables, was able to completely distinguish severe asthma and COPD. Factor and cluster analysis of the sputum cytokine profiles revealed 3 biological subgroups verified by discriminant analysis. These were: Cluster 1 (94% asthma) - eosinophilic asthma predominant with high Th2 cytokines, Cluster 2 - neutrophilic asthma and COPD overlap with elevated bacterial load representing 1/3rd of each disease group, and Cluster 3 (93% COPD) - non-neutrophilic COPD predominant. Sputum IL1b was the best discriminator to separate patients in cluster 2 (asthma-COPD overlap) from those in both clusters 1 (asthma) and 3 (COPD) was therefore used to determine the asthma/COPD overlap group in the validation set. Sputum cellular and cytokine profiles were very similar between the test and validation sets.  Conclusion: Sputum cytokine profiling can determine distinct and overlapping groups of patients with severe asthma and COPD and may contribute to improved patient classification to enable stratified medicine.
PPAR-alpha agonist (fenofibrate) therapy in exacerbation control of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease of severe stage
Authors: Oleg Enikeev, Svetlana Achmetovna Enikeeva, Nelya Raatovna Bikmetova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim: To study the influence of the therapy PPAR-alpha agonist (fenofibrate) in exacerbation dynamics of severe stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients. Methods: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 patients with severe AECOPD receiving conventional therapy with 145 mg fenofibrate (1 tablet once a day No. 10) and 21 patients with severe AECOPD and 20 man from control group. Lymphocytes were isolated by two-color labeled monoclonal antibodies flow cytometry to examine the quantities and percentage of, CD3+CD19- T cell, CD3-CD19+ B cell, CD3+CD4+ T cell, CD3+CD8+ T cell, respectively. Enzyme immunodetection was used to detect the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). All patients underwent a spirography with broncholytic breakdown. Mann-Whitney test was used for comparison between data before and after treatment an control group. Results: Complex therapy with inclusion of fenofibrate significantly increased the indicators of TNF-a, compared with conventional therapy (p
Liver receptor homolog‐1 is a critical determinant of methyl‐pool metabolism
Authors: Martin Wagner, Sungwoo Choi, Katrin Panzitt, Jennifer L. Mamrosh, Jae Man Lee, Alex Zaufel, Rui Xiao, Ruth Wooton‐Kee, Marcus Ståhlman, Christopher B. Newgard, Jan Borén, David D. Moore
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Balance of labile methyl groups (choline, methionine, betaine, and folate) is important for normal liver function. Quantitatively, a significant use of labile methyl groups is in the production of phosphatidylcholines (PCs), which are ligands for the nuclear liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1). We studied the role of LRH-1 in methyl-pool homeostasis and determined its metabolic effects using the methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) diet, which depletes methyl groups and results in a deleterious decrease in the PC-to-phosphatidylethanolamine ratio. We found that MCD diet-fed, liver-specific LRH-1 knockout mice (Lrh-1(-/-) ) do not show the expected decreased methyl-pool and PC/phosphatidylethanolamine ratio and are resistant to the hepatitis and fibrosis normally induced by the diet. Adaptive responses observed in wild-type mice on the MCD diet were also observed in Lrh-1(-/-) mice on a normal diet. This includes reduced expression of the highly active glycine-n-methyltransferase and the biliary phospholipid floppase multidrug-resistance protein 2 (Mdr2/Abcb4), resulting in reduced consumption of methyl groups and biliary PC secretion. In vitro studies confirm that Gnmt and Mdr2 are primary LRH-1 target genes. Additional similarities between hepatic gene expression profiles in MCD diet-fed wild-type and untreated Lrh-1(-/-) mice suggest that methyl-pool deficiency decreases LRH-1 activity, and this was confirmed by in vitro functional results in cells maintained in MCD medium.LRH-1 is a novel transcriptional regulator of methyl-pool balance; when the methyl-pool is depleted, decreased LRH-1 transactivation suppresses expression of key genes to minimize loss of labile methyl groups. (Hepatology 2016;63:95-106).