tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Ethical Issues in the AIDS Crisis: The HIV-Positive Practitioner-Reply
Authors: Mary M. Devlin
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The letter by Dr Updegrove regarding the report by the American Medical Association's (AMA) Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs calls for guidelines specifying "which activities an HIV [human immunodeficiency virus]-positive practitioner should avoid because they would pose a risk of transmission of the infection to his/her patients." The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) have provided these guidelines.<sup>1</sup>In addition to recommending "universal precautions," the CDC recommends that "health-care workers who have exudative lesions or weeping dermatitis should refrain from all direct patient care and from handling patient-care equipment until the condition resolves." For an invasive procedure (defined by the CDC as "surgical entry into tissues, cavities, or organs or repair of major traumatic injuries," including cardiac catheterization and angiographic procedures; vaginal or cesarean delivery or other invasive procedure during which bleeding may occur; and the manipulation, cutting, or removal of any oral or perioral tissues), the
Effect of Inhaled Nitric Oxide on Gas Exchange in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Akihiro Matsumoto
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Background: Conventional vasodilators increase ventilation-perfusion mismatch and do not improve gas exchange even though they reduce pulmonary hypertension. However, the effects of nitric oxide inhalation on ventilatory and gas exchange values in patients with congestive heart failure are not known. Objective: To investigate the effect of nitric oxide inhalation on gas exchange in patients with congestive heart failure. Design: Randomized, controlled trial. Setting: University hospital. Patients: 16 patients with congestive heart failure (New York Heart Association class II or III). Interventions: Patients inhaled nitric oxide gas at graded concentrations (n = 8) or were given intravenous isosorbide dinitrate, 2.5 mg (n = 8). Measurements: Hemodynamic and ventilatory variables and blood gases were measured 5 minutes after inhalation of different doses of nitric oxide and 10 minutes after administration of isosorbide dinitrate. Results: Nitric oxide inhalation reduced the mean pulmonary arterial pressure in a dose-dependent manner without altering the mean arterial pressure or cardiac output. At a dose of 40 parts per million, nitric oxide inhalation increased Pao 2 (change from baseline, 12.0 mm Hg [95% CI, 2.3 to 21.7 mm Hg]; P = 0.014) and decreased the alveolar-arterial difference in partial pressure of oxygen (change, −8.6 mm Hg [CI, −16.8 to −0.4 mm Hg]; P = 0.038) and the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide output (change, −6.7 [CI, −10.3 to −3.1]; P < 0.001). Although isosorbide dinitrate similarly decreased pulmonary arterial pressure, it did not alter gas exchange or ventilatory variables. Conclusions: Because nitric oxide inhalation improved gas exchange, it may be used as a supportive therapy when other conventional vasodilators worsen gas exchange.
Recurrent gain-of-function mutations of RHOA in diffuse-type gastric carcinoma
Authors: Miwako Kakiuchi, Takashi Nishizawa, Hiroki Ueda, Kengo Gotoh, Atsushi Tanaka, Akimasa Hayashi, Shogo Yamamoto, Kenji Tatsuno, Hiroto Katoh, Yoshiaki Watanabe, Takashi Ichimura, Tetsuo Ushiku, Shinichi Funahashi, Keisuke Tateishi, Ikuo Wada, Nobuyuki Shimizu, Sachiyo Nomura, Kazuhiko Koike, Yasuyuki Seto, Masashi Fukayama, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Shumpei Ishikawa
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Establishment of cancer cell lines from rat hepatocholangiocarcinoma and assessment of the role of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor and hepatocyte growth factor in their growth, motility and survival
Authors: Anna C. Piscaglia, Thomas D. Shupe, Giovanbattista Pani, Valentina Tesori, Antonio Gasbarrini, Bryon E. Petersen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Organ Visualization Using Scintillation Camera Techniques
Authors: LEONARD R. SCHAER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

Article1 September 1965Organ Visualization Using Scintillation Camera TechniquesLEONARD R. SCHAER, M.D., HAL O. ANGER, B.S.LEONARD R. SCHAER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, HAL O. ANGER, B.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-3-442 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe use of radioactive isotopes in clinical medicine has become widespread. An important application is taking scans or pictures of organs that contain gamma-ray or positron-emitting isotopes. These pictures enable one to outline functional parts of the organ and observe anatomical irregularities that can be interpreted in light of clinical symptoms. The most commonly used machine for this purpose is the well-known radioisotope scanner. With this technique, a directional scintillation counter moves back and forth across an organ while progressing slowly in the transverse direction until the organ being studied has been fully covered or scanned. At the same time,...References1. ANGERVAN DYKEGOTTSCHALKYANOSCHAER HODCAYLR: The scintillation camera in diagnosis and research. Nucleonics 23: 57, 1965. Google Scholar2. ANGER HO: Scintillation camera with multichannel collimators. J. Nucl. Med. 5: 515, 1964. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. ANGER HO: Gamma-ray and positron scintillation camera. Nucleonics 21: 56, 1963. Google Scholar4. ANGERGOTTSCHALK HOA: Localization of brain tumors with the positron scintillation camera. J. Nucl. Med. 4: 326, 1963. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. YANOANGER YHO: A gallium68 positron cow for medical use, in Semi-Annual Report Biology and Medicine, UCRL-11387, Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, Berkeley, 1964. Google Scholar6. WAGNERWEINERMCAFEEMARTINEZ HNIMJGJ: 1-Mercuri-2-hydroxypropane (MHP). Arch. Intern. Med. (Chicago) 113: 696, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. ANGERVAN DYKE HODC: Human bone marrow distribution shown in vivo by iron-52 and the positron scintillation camera. Science 144: 1587, 1964. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Berkeley, CaliforniaFrom the Donner Laboratory of Medical Physics and Biophysics and the Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.This work was supported by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission.This paper was presented at the Golden Anniversary Session of the American College of Physicians in Chicago, Ill., March 22, 1965.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Leonard R. Schaer, M.D., Donner Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, Calif. 94720. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe use of radioisotopes in normal and diseased joints 1 September 1965Volume 63, Issue 3Page: 442-453KeywordsResearch laboratories Issue Published: 1 September 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mutations in ENPP1 are associated with 'idiopathic' infantile arterial calcification
Authors: Frank Rutsch, Nico Ruf, Sucheta Vaingankar, Mohammad R Toliat, Anita Suk, Wolfgang Höhne, Galen Schauer, Mandy Lehmann, Tony Roscioli, Dirk Schnabel, Jörg T Epplen, Alex Knisely, Andrea Superti-Furga, James McGill, Marco Filippone, Alan R Sinaiko, Hillary Vallance, Bernd Hinrichs, Wendy Smith, Merry Ferre, Robert Terkeltaub, Peter Nürnberg
Journal: Nature Genetics (2003)
Excision of skin tumours without wound closure
Authors: C.M. LAWRENCE, J.S. COMAISH, M.G.C. DAHL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Sixty-two patients with 67 large or poorly defined skin tumours predominantly on the head and neck (58 basal cell carcinomas) were treated by excision of the lesion and allowing the defect created to heal by second intention. Histological control of the adequacy of excision was monitored using routine vertical sections of formalin-fixed tissue. Further re-excisions were performed in 17 patients in whom tumour extended up to or within 1 high power field (approximately 0.44 mm) of the excision margin. The formalin-fixed specimens ranged from 6-60 (mean 21) mm in diameter and 2-12 (mean 5) mm in depth. After one excision the time to complete re-epithelialization was directly proportional to the surface area (r = 0.73) and ranged from 13 to 60 days (mean 33 days). Measurements of the movements of fixed reference points tattooed at the wound edges in six patients showed that movement of surrounding tissue into the defect accounted for 39-62% (mean 45%) of the reduction in surface area of the defect during healing. Post-operative complications were rare and the cosmetic results were considered good or excellent in 48 patients, fair in nine and poor, i.e. requiring corrective surgery, in three patients. Poor results were due to distortions of free margins, e.g. lower eyelid and nasal margin. The major benefit of this technique is the ease with which further excisions can be performed when histologically indicated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Colorectal Cancer Risk Is Not Associated with Increased Levels of Homozygosity in a Population from the United Kingdom
Authors: Sarah L. Spain, Jean-Baptiste Cazier, Richard Houlston, Luis Carvajal-Carmona, Ian Tomlinson
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Genome-wide association studies have identified several common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), although they have failed to identify any recessively acting alleles that contribute to disease risk. However, two recent studies have suggested that inbreeding and runs of homozygosity (ROH) increase the risk of developing cancer, perhaps by exposing recessive alleles as a result of autozygosity. To examine these results in a relatively large case-control series, we analyzed samples from a cohort in the United Kingdom comprising 921 colorectal tumor cases and 929 controls. Individuals were genotyped using a 550,000 tagging SNP panel. Additionally, we identified from these SNPs a set of approximately 30,000 SNPs in low pairwise linkage disequilibrium. To determine whether homozygosity was associated with CRC, we performed multiple tests to assess homozygosity at individual SNPs and ROHs in cases and controls. No association was found between CRC and (i) homozygosity at any individual SNP, (ii) overall homozygosity or level of inbreeding, (iii) total length or number of ROHs per individual, or (iv) a ROH at any particular genomic location. In conclusion, our results from a large case-control series do not replicate those of previous studies and suggest that homozygosity/autozygosity is not a major risk factor for CRC in an outbred population.
Induction of monocytic differentiation and NF-kappa B-like activities by human immunodeficiency virus 1 infection of myelomonoblastic cells.
Authors: A Roulston, M D'Addario, F Boulerice, S Caplan, M A Wainberg, J Hiscott
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

The effects of human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infection on cellular differentiation and NF-kappa B DNA binding activity have been investigated in a new model of myeloid differentiation. PLB-985 cells represent a bipotential myelomonoblastic cell population capable of either granulocytic or monocytic differentiation after induction with appropriate inducers. By virtue of the presence of CD4 on the cell surface, PLB-985 cells were chronically infected with HIV-1 strain IIIB. PLB-IIIB cells clearly possessed a more monocytic phenotype than the parental myeloblasts, as determined by differential staining, increased expression of the myeloid-specific surface markers, and transcription of the c-fms proto-oncogene. NF-kappa B binding activity was inducible by tumor necrosis factor and phorbol myristate acetate in PLB-985. However, in PLB-IIIB cells, constitutive expression of a novel NF-kappa B complex was detected, composed of proteins ranging between 70 and 110 kD. These proteins interacted specifically with the symmetric NF-kappa B site from the interferon beta (IFN-beta) promoter. Mutations affecting the 5' guanine residues of the kappa B site were unable to compete for these NF-kappa B-related proteins. Inducibility of endogenous IFN-beta and IFN-alpha RNA was also increased in PLB-IIIB cells. These studies indicate that HIV-1 infection of myelomonoblastic cells may select for a more mature monocytic phenotype and that unique subunit associations of NF-kappa B DNA binding proteins may contribute to differential NF-kappa B-mediated gene expression.
Epidermal remodelling in psoriasis
Authors: H. IIZUKA, A. ISHIDA-YAMAMOTO, H. HONDA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Psoriatic hyperproliferative epidermis is characterized by a regular elongation of rete ridges, accompanied by altered keratinization. Another notable finding is close positioning of the vasculature to the suprapapillary epidermis. These architectural/morphological changes are naturally described by a concept of epidermal remodelling based on decreased epidermal turnover time. The recently described positioning of stem cells to the tips of dermal papillae fits nicely with this concept.
PGC1α expression is controlled in skeletal muscles by PPARβ, whose ablation results in fiber-type switching, obesity, and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Michael Schuler, Faisal Ali, Céline Chambon, Delphine Duteil, Jean-Marc Bornert, Aubry Tardivel, Béatrice Desvergne, Walter Wahli, Pierre Chambon, Daniel Metzger
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2006)
Fetal Gene Transfer by Intrauterine Injection with Microbubble-Enhanced Ultrasound
Authors: Masayuki Endoh, Nobutaka Koibuchi, Manabu Sato, Ryuichi Morishita, Toru Kanzaki, Yuji Murata, Yasufumi Kaneda
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Intrauterine injection of naked DNA expressing luciferase, green fluorescent protein (GFP), or β-galactosidase (β-gal) and fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled oligodeoxynucleotide (FITC-ODN), in combination with microbubble-enhanced ultrasound (US), referred to as the "shotgun method" (SGM), produced high-level protein expression in fetal mice. With the SGM, luciferase expression increased ∼103-fold in comparison with expression after injection of naked DNA alone. Electron microscopic analysis demonstrated transient formation of pores on the skin surface after intraamniotic (i.a.) injection with the SGM. Widespread expression of GFP and β-gal and delivery of FITC-ODN were observed in multiple fetal tissues adjacent to the injection points. PCR analysis indicated that germline transfection was only transient following intraperitoneal (i.p) injection, and there was no evidence of transfer of the reporter gene to the offspring. Thus, SGM might provide a useful means to clarify the molecular mechanisms of genetic diseases in utero, as well as a tool to develop gene therapies in utero. Intrauterine injection of naked DNA expressing luciferase, green fluorescent protein (GFP), or β-galactosidase (β-gal) and fluorescein isothiocyanate–labeled oligodeoxynucleotide (FITC-ODN), in combination with microbubble-enhanced ultrasound (US), referred to as the "shotgun method" (SGM), produced high-level protein expression in fetal mice. With the SGM, luciferase expression increased ∼103-fold in comparison with expression after injection of naked DNA alone. Electron microscopic analysis demonstrated transient formation of pores on the skin surface after intraamniotic (i.a.) injection with the SGM. Widespread expression of GFP and β-gal and delivery of FITC-ODN were observed in multiple fetal tissues adjacent to the injection points. PCR analysis indicated that germline transfection was only transient following intraperitoneal (i.p) injection, and there was no evidence of transfer of the reporter gene to the offspring. Thus, SGM might provide a useful means to clarify the molecular mechanisms of genetic diseases in utero, as well as a tool to develop gene therapies in utero.
TYPHOID IN THE SOUTH
Authors: R. N. Whitfield
Journal: JAMA (1942)

To the Editor:—  In Queries and Minor Notes inThe Journal, January 24, page 337, under the heading Typhoid Immunization, I find published one of the common slurs made against the South by certain persons who seem to be ignorant of the facts. The expression that is particularly offensive in the letter is It is common knowledge that, throughout the South, typhoid is pandemic and primitive conditions exist. This communication is signed by one Dr. O. L. Murphy of Simsbury, Conn. Dr. Murphy is much concerned about the army camps in the South.  There has been a myth handed down from generation to generation in certain regions in the North and in the New England states especially to the effect that there hangs over the South a terrible poisonous vapor and that the soil is a primitive swamp filled with noxious reptiles and insects in which situation no one but
(33) Triangular alopecia
Authors: J.C. Sterling, R.H. Champion
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1989)

Journal Article (33) Triangular alopecia Get access J.C. Sterling, J.C. Sterling Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.H. Champion R.H. Champion Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 121, Issue s34, 1 July 1989, Pages 101–102, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1989.tb06009.x Published: 01 July 1989
Efficacy of pulmonary insulin delivery in diabetic rats: Use of a model-based approach in the evaluation of insulin powder formulations
Authors: Maryam Amidi, Kevin M. Krudys, Cor J. Snel, Daan J.A. Crommelin, Oscar E. Della Pasqua, Wim E. Hennink, Wim Jiskoot
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2008)
Radial Artery Puncture and the Allen Test
Authors: JOHN A. SPITTELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1987Radial Artery Puncture and the Allen TestJOHN A. SPITTELL JR, M.D., JOHN L. JUERGENS, M.D., JOHN F. FAIRBAIRN II, M.D.JOHN A. SPITTELL JR, M.D., JOHN L. JUERGENS, M.D., JOHN F. FAIRBAIRN II, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-5-771_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their response to Raffin's (1) review of indications for arterial blood gas analysis, Williams and Schenken (2) take exception to Dr. Raffin's statement "An Allen test should be done to assess adequacy of collateral circulation." Further, Williams and Schenken state "that mandatory use of the Allen test before radial artery puncture is not of practical benefit and that the test should, at most, be considered optional."We believe the performance of the Allen test before radial artery puncture is of practical value for the reasons stated in Allen's (3) article: "The compression test on the ulnar...References1. RAFFIN T. Indications for arterial blood gas analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:390-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. WILLIAMS T and SCHENKEN J. Radial artery puncture and the Allen test [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:164. LinkGoogle Scholar3. ALLEN E. Thromboangiitis obliterans: methods of diagnosis of chronic occlusive arterial lesions distal to the wrist with illustrative cases. Am J Med. 1929;178:237-44. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOHN A. SPITTELLJR, M.D.; JOHN L. JUERGENS, M.D.; JOHN F. FAIRBAIRNII, M.D.Affiliations: Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN 55905 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1987Volume 106, Issue 5Page: 771-772KeywordsArterial blood gasArteriesGas analysis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Dying and Dignity: The Meaning and Control of a Personal Death
Authors: Grace S. Wolff
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<b>A Child's Parent Dies: Studies in Childhood Bereavement,</b>by Erna Furman, 316 pp, $15, New Haven, Yale University Press, 1974. In these two books concerned with death and dying, there are some similarities but also multiple differences. Krant, in<i>Dying and Dignity</i>, approaches the subject with primary emphasis on the dying patient and the multiplicity of disciplines interacting or failing to interact with the patient. Because of this multidisciplinary approach, the book is broad in scope but limited in depth. Furman, in<i>A Child's Parent Dies</i>, focuses on a single discipline, psychoanalysis, in her study of the bereaved child. Such a singular concentration is productive of a well-ordered, cogent work. Despite such differences, one factor is common to both books, namely, the importance of recognizing and conveying the reality of death so that the integrity and growth of personality may be maintained. <i>Dying and Dignity</i>is written in essay form
Comparison of Locoregional versus Extended Locoregional Radiation Volumes for Patients with Nonmetastatic Gastro-esophageal Junction Carcinomas
Authors: Jingya Wang, Denái R. Milton, Liru He, Ritsuko Komaki, Zhongxing Liao, Christopher H. Crane, Bruce D. Minsky, Peter F. Thall, Steven H. Lin
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2015)
Tauro α-muricholate is as effective as tauro β-muricholate and tauroursodeoxycholate in preventing taurochenodeoxycholate-induced liver damage in the rat
Authors: Kenichi Kitani, Setsuko Kanai, Yuko Sato, Minoru Ohta
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Male Wistar rats were infused intravenously with taurochenodeoxycholate (0.4 mumol/min/100 gm) alone (group A) or with one of the three bile salts (tauroursodeoxycholate [group B], tauro beta-muricholate [group C] or tauro alpha-muricholate [group D]) at a rate of 0.2 mumol/min/100/gm for 1 hr. One-hour bile flow and bile salt excretion rates were significantly lower in group A than in the other three coinfused (B, C, D) groups. Biliary 1-hr outputs of lactate dehydrogenase and albumin in the bile, on the other hand, were significantly higher in group A than in the other groups. Plasma concentrations of lactate dehydrogenase at the time of killing (1 hr) were two to three times higher in group A than in the other groups. Although tauro alpha-muricholate does not possess a 7 beta-hydroxy group, the 6 beta-hydroxy group that tauro alpha-muricholate possesses thus appears to be as effective as a 7 beta-hydroxy group in reducing the liver damage caused by toxic bile salts such as taurochenodeoxycholate. The so-called hepatoprotective effects of tauroursodeoxycholate and tauro beta-muricholate found in previous studies may require explanation(s) other than the presence of a 7 beta-hydroxy group in their molecular structures.
INJURIES TO NERVES AND TENDONS OF THE HAND
Authors: MICHAEL L. MASON
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The repair of injuries to the nerves and tendons of the hand, with any reasonable assurance of success, is a product of modern aseptic, atraumatic surgery. With an increasing appreciation of wound healing and the many factors which affect it has come the realization that man is dependent for repair on living, healthy cells and that no amount of technical skill or rapid operating dexterity can compensate for disregard of delicate living tissue. Important in all surgery, this realization is doubly so in repair of the nerves and tendons of the hand, for in few situations do even minor disturbances of a wound play such havoc with end results. The first prerequisite for this type of surgical intervention is an appreciation of just what is meant by primary healing, since without this and without the patience to work carefully to attain it the end results will always be disappointing. I
RIA2 ??? A RADIAIMMUNOASSAY INTERPRETER FOR THE A2 COMPUTER SYSTEM
Authors: Douglas V. Porter, Thomas D. Kay, David L. Johnson, David Romo, Mary E. Thompson, Sandy J. Riahi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

Thompson, Mary E.; Kay, Thomas D.; Porter, Douglas V.; Johnson, David L.; Romo, David; Riahi, Sandy J. Author Information