tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and insulin resistance, vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Guoxian Ma, Xiheng Guo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  The episodes of hypoxia/reoxygenation caused by OSAHS is associated with a series of metabolic changes, and might be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).   Methods:  The subjects were poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus from August 2009 to January 2010 in the Endocrine ward of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital. We recorded the clinical information of all subjects. Fasting venous blood samples was obtained after an overnight fast. Polysomnography (PSG) monitoring,oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT),vascular ultrasound were performed in all the subjects.   Results:  96 type 2 diabetic patients were recruited in our study, 78 subjects (81.25%) were diagnosed as having OSAHS after PSG study. The insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), which was significantly higher in the moderate and severe group versus the control group. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that AHI and AUCcp was positively correlated ( R  =0.323,  p  =0.001), both AHI and BMI were positively correlated to HOMA-IR ( p  =0.007 and 0.023, respectively). The percentage of patients who had atherosclerosis were significant higher in patients with severe and moderate OSAHS than non-apnoeic patients.   Conclusion:  OSAHS is positively related to insulin resistance, and closely related to the incidence of macrovascular complications in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Nutlin-3, a hdm2 antagonist, suppresses cell proliferation in human p53 wild-type glioblastoma cells
Authors: Roberta Magrini, Federica Mennillo, Luisa Massai, Giovanni Gaviraghi, Georg Terstappen, Annette Bakker
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

3233 

Nutlin-3, a compound identified as a selective and potent hdm2-p53 inhibitor, is a small molecule that binds hdm2 and renders it inaccessible to p53 thus preventing p53 from degradation. Moreover, it has been demonstrated to induce the arrest of tumour proliferation in vitro and in vivo employing different tumour model systems. Glioblastoma multiforme, the most aggressive astrocytic form of gliomas, is known to show aberrations in the p53 pathway in a high percentage of cases and inactivating p53 mutations and amplifications of hdm2 were found to be mutually exclusive. A therapeutic strategy targeting glioblastoma cells with amplified or overexpressed hdm2 to undergo apoptosis or stop proliferation might be feasible.

Employing a panel of glioblastoma cell lines differing in their p53 status we show that in p53 wt cell lines (expressing hdm2 to various levels) the p53 pathway is reactivated by nutlin-3 treatment as demonstrated by p53 protein induction and transcriptional upregulation of different p53 target genes such as p21 and mdm2. The phenotypic result is that p53 wt cells are inhibited in their proliferation to a greater extent than p53 mut cell lines. In a p53 wt background, this inhibition of proliferation is due to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase and not to caspase-driven apoptosis since caspase 3 was not activated. Taken together, our data suggest that in glioblastoma cells another form of cellular death might play a role in the response to nutlin-3.
Sequencing rare and common APOL1 coding variants to determine kidney disease risk
Authors: Sophie Limou, George W. Nelson, Laurence Lecordier, Ping An, Colm S. O'hUigin, Victor A. David, Elizabeth A. Binns-Roemer, Wilfried M. Guiblet, Taras K. Oleksyk, Etienne Pays, Jeffrey B. Kopp, Cheryl A. Winkler
Journal: Kidney International (2015)
The inv(11)(p15q22) Chromosome Translocation of De Novo and Therapy-Related Myeloid Malignancies Results in Fusion of the Nucleoporin Gene, NUP98, With the Putative RNA Helicase Gene, DDX10
Authors: Yasuhito Arai, Fumie Hosoda, Hirofumi Kobayashi, Kyoko Arai, Yasuhide Hayashi, Nanao Kamada, Yasuhiko Kaneko, Misao Ohki
Journal: Blood (1997)
Doctors Who Perform Operations
Authors: Rita J. Nickerson, Theodore Colton, Osler L. Peterson, Bernard S. Bloom, Walter W. Hauck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

The Work Loads of Surgical SpecialistsThe surgical specialists are clearly the most important group for consideration in manpower planning. They are examined to determine what physician and practice characteristics influence their widely varying operative work loads. The distribution of surgical specialists in the four geographic areas was roughly the same as that for all physicians performing operations shown in Table 2.Characteristics of the Surgical SpecialistsThe two columns under "Distribution" of Table 8 present the numbers and percentage distributions of surgical specialists according to their principal practice and personal characteristics. The third column indicates, for each . . .
Abstract 3992: Insulin Receptor Substrates (IRS) are Critical Regulators of Autophagy and Cardiomyocyte Survival
Authors: Christian Riehle, Heiko Bugger, Sandra Sena, Karla M Pires, Heather A Theobald, Cynthia N Perry-Garza, Deborah Frank, Xiaocheng Dong, Anne Moon, Roberta Gottlieb, Morris F White, E. Dale Abel
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Relationship between the early Boceprevir-S isomer plasma concentrations and the onset of breakthrough during HCV genotype 1 triple therapy
Authors: L. Boglione, A. De Nicolò, C.S. Cardellino, T. Ruggiero, V. Ghisetti, G. Cariti, G. Di Perri, A. D'Avolio
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Abstract 134: Extracellular ATP Inhibits Natural Killer Cell Recruitment in Inflamed Tissues and Protects Endothelial Cells From NK-Mediated Vascular Injury
Authors: Stefania Gorini, Caterina Mammi, Davide Ferrari, Giulia Callegari, Francesco Di Virgilio, Lucia Gatta, Claudia Consoli, Massimiliano Caprio, Maurizio Volterrani, Giuseppe Rosano, Eugenio Stabile, Clinca Montevergine, Andrea la Sala
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Natural killer cells (NK) represent the main source of IFN-gamma that contributes to atherosclerotic plaque progression and instability. Fractalkine (CX3CL1) expressed by endothelial cells (ECs) mediate NK recruitment and elicit NK-mediated ECs killing. Moreover high CX3CL1 mRNA expression has been found in advanced atherosclerotic lesions of human arteries as well as in the deep intima of diabetic patients. Nucleotides can be massively released in the extracellular space by ECs under shear stress, activated platelets and injured cells and stimulate purinergic receptors expressed in different cell types including NK. Hypothesis: that extracellular nucleotides modify NK responses to CX3CL1 or SDF-1 (CXCL12) and their ability to mediate vascular injury. Methods: NK were isolated by negative immunomagnetic selection from peripheral blood of healthy blood donors and P2 receptor genes expression pattern studied by RT-PCR. NK chemotaxis was measured by transwell cell culture system followed by flow cytometric analysis of migrated cells. NK were co-cultured with HUVEC cells to analyze NK-mediated ECs killing. Results: we show for the first time that NK express P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, P2Y14 and P2X1, P2X4, P2X7 receptors. Neither ATP or UTP alone induced NK cell migration. However ATP but not UTP increased non-directional cell movement (chemokinesis). This effect was mimicked by the cell permeable cyclic AMP analogue 8-Br-cAMP and was dependent on Protein kinase A activity since it was blocked by the specific inhibitor H89. In addition, ATP but not UTP, inhibited NK cell chemotaxis to CX3CL1 whereas expression for CXCR4 and migration following CXCL12 stimulation were increased. Moreover the NK-mediated killing of HUVEC cells was downregulated following exposure to extracellular ATP. Conclusion: CX3CL1 has been shown to participate to leukocyte adhesion to ECs and extravasation. In addition membrane bounds form of CX3CL1 expressed by ECs triggers NK cytotoxicity. ATP release from endothelial cells upon shear stress and in inflammatory states might represent a protective mechanism from NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity and point out P2 purinergic receptors as novel potential therapeutic targets.
Abstract 1531: Altered Brain Fiber Tracts in Heart Failure
Authors: Mary A Woo, Paul M Macey, Rajesh Kumar, Stacy L Serber, Rebecca Cross, Gregg C Fonarow, Ronald M Harper
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Heart failure (HF) patients show neuronal brain injury which contributes to cognitive, affective, and autonomic symptoms. However, earlier studies did not consistently report injury within cognitive sites (e.g., frontal cortex) or limbic structures linked to affective and autonomic function. The inconsistent signs of injury in these neuronal structures may result from compromised communication between cognitive and limbic regions from damaged axons. Methods: We studied axon integrity between these regions using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS; allows study of white matter tracts) in 17 HF (age 54 ± 8 years; 12 males; LVEF 0.28 ± 0.07) and 51 control subjects (age 50 ± 7 years, 29 males). We collected diffusion tensor imaging data using a 3T MRI scanner, from which we calculated fractional anisotropy (FA), an index of axonal integrity. Whole-brain FA “maps” for each subject were processed using TBSS, giving estimated axonal tracts co-localized across subjects. FA values throughout the tracts were compared between groups using 2-sample t-tests, controlling for multiple comparisons by permutation testing (form of randomization test). Results: Fiber tracts in HF showed reduced FA values across multiple brain regions (Figure ), including the anterior corona radiata (projecting to and from frontal cortex) and the superior and inferior cingulum bundle (communicating to and from the cingulate, hippocampus and other limbic regions), and cerebellum (dampens blood pressure changes). Discussion: Cognitive and affective symptoms in HF patients may arise from a combination of damaged structural areas and poor communication between brain regions. Regions of reduced fiber tract integrity (lower FA) in 17 HF versus 51 control subjects indicated in white ( p &lt; 0.05, false discovery rate correction for multiple comparisons). Background image is a reference anatomical scan, with detected fiber tracts as found with TBSS in black. Orientation: images left of image is left of person; locations relative to standard reference (anterior commusure is origin): from left to right, 48 mm anterior, 7 mm left, 39 mm posterior.
Homeostatic generation of reactive oxygen species protects the zebrafish liver from steatosis
Authors: Justin M. Nussbaum, Liuhong J. Liu, Syeda A. Hasan, Madeline Schaub, Allyson McClendon, Didier Y.R. Stainier, Takuya F. Sakaguchi
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver disease in both adults and children. The earliest stage of this disease is hepatic steatosis, in which triglycerides are deposited as cytoplasmic lipid droplets in hepatocytes. Through a forward genetic approach in zebrafish, we found that guanosine monophosphate (GMP) synthetase mutant larvae develop hepatic steatosis. We further demonstrate that activity of the small GTPase Rac1 and Rac1-mediated production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are down-regulated in GMP synthetase mutant larvae. Inhibition of Rac1 activity or ROS production in wild-type larvae by small molecule inhibitors was sufficient to induce hepatic steatosis. More conclusively, treating larvae with hydrogen peroxide, a diffusible ROS that has been implicated as a signaling molecule, alleviated hepatic steatosis in both GMP synthetase mutant and Rac1 inhibitor-treated larvae, indicating that homeostatic production of ROS is required to prevent hepatic steatosis. We further found that ROS positively regulate the expression of the triglyceride hydrolase gene, which is responsible for the mobilization of stored triglycerides in hepatocytes. Consistently, inhibition of triglyceride hydrolase activity in wild-type larvae by a small molecule inhibitor was sufficient to induce hepatic steatosis. Conclusion : De novo GMP synthesis influences the activation of the small GTPase Rac1, which controls hepatic lipid dynamics through ROS-mediated regulation of triglyceride hydrolase expression in hepatocytes. (Hepatology 2013;58:1326–1338)
Effect of pulmonary rehabilitation on dynamic hyperinflation according to the BODE index
Authors: Loic Peran, Chantal Lochon, Marc Beaumont, Romain Pichon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: The increase of dynamic hyperinflation (DH) is one of the most important causes of exercise intolerance in COPD patient.  Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on dynamic hyperinflation, according to the BODE index.  Method: Prospective study has been conducted; 74 COPD patients have been included for a four weeks period of PR program. Inspiratory capacity (IC) was measured to evaluate DH, at rest and at the end of training session, at the beginning and the end of the PR.  Results: Regardless to BODE index stage, a significant improvement of 7%, 17%, 14% in IC has been observed in all patients at rest, with training on cycloergometer and on treadmill respectively. No significant difference has been found in IC change between quartiles. IC was significantly improved with exercise regarding BODE index quartiles of the according to the type of activity: with exercise on cycloergometer in the quartile II (26%), on treadmill in the quartile IV (47%).  Conclusion: The PR significantly improved the DH in COPD patients regardless to the BODE index. However, no significant difference could be observed in IC change according to the quartiles of BODE index.
Abstract 4270: The use of mutational signatures in identifying carcinogen exposure
Authors: Song Ling Poon, See-Tong Pang, John R. McPherson, Steven G. Rozen, Patrick Tan, Bin Tean Teh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Aristolochic acid (AA), a natural product of Aristolochia plants found in herbal remedies and health supplements, is a Group 1 carcinogen that can cause nephrotoxicity and upper urinary tract urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC). Whole genome and exome analysis of 9 AA-associated UCCs revealed a strikingly high somatic mutation rate (150 mutations/Mb), exceeding smoking-associated lung cancer (8 mutations/Mb) and ultraviolet radiation-associated melanoma (111 mutations/Mb). The AA-UCC mutational signature was characterized by A:T to T:A transversions at the sequence motif A[C|T]AGG, located primarily on non-transcribed strands. AA-induced mutations were also significantly enriched at splice sites, suggesting a role for splice site mutations in UCC pathogenesis. RNA sequencing of AA-UCC confirmed a general up-regulation of nonsense-mediated decay machinery components and aberrant splicing events associated with splice site mutations. We observed a high frequency of somatic mutations in chromatin modifiers, particularly KDM6A, in AA-UCC, and demonstrated the sufficiency of AA to induce renal dysplasia in mice and reproduced the AA mutational signature in experimentally treated human renal tubular cells. Finally, exploring other malignancies not previously associated with AA, we screened 93 hepatocellular carcinoma genomes/exomes and identified AA-like mutational signatures in eleven. Our study highlights a unique genome-wide AA mutational signature, and the potential use of mutation signatures as “molecular fingerprints” for interrogating high-throughput cancer genome data, to infer previous carcinogen exposures. Citation Format: Song Ling Poon, See-Tong Pang, John R. McPherson, Steven G. Rozen, Patrick Tan, Bin Tean Teh. The use of mutational signatures in identifying carcinogen exposure. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4270. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4270
The value of mesothelin in pleural effusion vs histology by medical thoracoscopy
Authors: Carmen Manta, Paola Ferro, Enrico Battolla, Maria Cristiana Franceschini, Massimiliano Sivori, Silvia Simonini, Alessandra Bonotti, Franco Fedeli, Silvio Roncella, Pier Aldo Canessa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Pleural effusions (PE) are frequently the presenting symptom of neoplastic disease. Serum mesothelin related peptide (SMRP) is a new biomarker for the diagnosis of mesothelioma. The aim of this study was to investigate the diagnostic significance of mesothelin in PE of unknown origin.  Pleural fluid, obtained from 104 patients between March 2008 and October 2009, were compared with histology of pleural biopsy taken during consecutive medical thoracoscopy. We had: 34 PE from mesotheliomas (25 epitheliomorphic, 9 sarcomatoid), 35 from pleural metastasis, 35 from benign diseases. SMRP concentrations was obtained using an ELISA test. SMRP levels in PE were significantly higher in patients with epitheliomorphic mesothelioma (mean ±SD, 46,55 nM ± 44,29) than in patients with sarcomatoid mesothelioma (16.11 nM± 25.02) (p=0.061), pleural metastasis (7.52 nM± 10.77) (p  Pleural SMRP levels higher than 19.6 nM were observed in 18/25 (72%) patients with epiteliomorphic mesothelioma, in 5/35 (14.3%) with pleural metastasis, in 2/9 (22.2%) with sarcomatoid mesothelioma, 1/35 (2.9%) with benign diseases.  SMRP has the potential to add clinically significant information in the work-up of patients with a PE of unknown origin.
Communication
Authors: Jeffrey Freed, Sar Medoff
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

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Abstract 14798: Predictors Of Late Target Lesion Revascularization After Sirolimus-eluting Stent Implantation
Authors: Hironori Hara, Jiro Aoki, Takuya Hashimoto, Kazuyuki Yahagi, Laurence C Lee, Makoto Nakashima, Yoshifumi Nakajima, Satoru Kishi, Masanori Taniwaki, Sen Yachi, Shuzou Tanimoto, Kengo Tanabe, Hiroyoshi Nakajima, Kazuhiro Hara
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: In long term follow-up after drug-eluting stents (DES) implantation, some patients received late target lesion revascularization (TLR). Late TLR has not been fully investigated with DES. W...
Abstract 1903: Personalized diagnostics: Receptor specific gold nanorods used for accurate diagnosis of EGFR expression in human tumor tissues
Authors: Chuck Caldwell, Ajit Zambre, Dhananjay Suresh, Gerald Arthur, Raghuraman Kannan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to apply the enhanced surface chemistry and imaging properties of gold nanorods to the area of tumor protein diagnostics in order to give an accurate, quantifiable interpretation of a patient's biomarker status. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; HER1) is a cell surface receptor that regulates cell migration, adhesion, and proliferation. EGFR is commonly overexpressed in a variety of cancers. EGFR expression testing has been mandated by insurance companies in many areas before therapy can be given. Current methods of EGFR evaluation have been shown to be unreliable, thus EGFR was chosen as a target of interest for our studies. Methods: Gold nanorods (GNR) of aspect ratio 3:4 were prepared using an established seed-mediated growth method. The GNR were then PEGylated and conjugated with a unique modified peptide that has shown specific affinity for the EGF receptor. The product was characterized to show stability and presence of surface-bound peptide. The compound known as GNR-1070 was used to examine correlations between EGFR expression and gold present on the membranes of human cell lines and paraffin-embedded tissue samples. Results: In cell lines that are known to express EGFR, gold particles were identified bound to the membranes. The amount of bound gold correlated with the degree of EGFR expression of each cell line. Histochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tissue lines also correlated with the amount of gold bound to the membranes of the tissues. Conclusion: Gold nanorods conjugated with receptor-specific peptides can be used to give an accurate evaluation of protein expression in human cell lines and tissue samples. Citation Format: Chuck Caldwell, Ajit Zambre, Dhananjay Suresh, Gerald Arthur, Raghuraman Kannan. Personalized diagnostics: Receptor specific gold nanorods used for accurate diagnosis of EGFR expression in human tumor tissues. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1903. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1903