tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pharmaceutical Representatives and Resident Physicians
Authors: James L. Glazer
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 18813: Outcomes of Patients with Congenital Heart Disease following Heart Transplantation: the Impact of Disease Type, Prior Thoracic Surgeries and End-Organ Dysfunction
Authors: Matthew J Lewis, Jonathan Ginns, P. C Schulze, Matt Lippel, Paul Chai, Emile Bacha, Donna Mancini, Marlon Rosenbaum, Mary Jane Farr
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) are at increased risk for early adverse outcomes following heart transplantation (Htx). Despite the need for improved risk stratification, small cohorts have constrained identification of patient-specific factors associated with poor prognosis. We hypothesized that type of CHD, number of sternotomies and prior end-organ dysfunction would be associated with an increased risk for mortality post-HTx. Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational cohort study of all patients with ACHD who underwent HTx at our institution from 1/1997 to 1/2014. The primary endpoint was death. Exposures of interest included type of CHD, number of sternotomies and hepatic dysfunction secondary to passive congestion, measured as high Models for End-Stage Liver Disease Excluding INR (MELD-XI) score. Results: 48 ACHD patients were followed (mean age at HTx: 36±1.7 years). Diagnoses included: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)/pulmonary atresia/double outlet right ventricle in 15 (31%), D-transposition of the great arteries in 10 (21 %), tricuspid atresia/double inlet left ventricle in 9 (19%), VSD/ASD in 4 (8%), heterotaxy in 3 (6%), congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries in 2 (4%), and 5 (10%) with other diagnoses. Pre-transplant cardiac surgeries included: Fontan operation in 12 (25%), Mustard/Senning repair in 9 (19%), TOF repair in 5 (11%), Rastelli repair in 5 (11%), VSD/ASD closures in 3 (6%), other another congenital heart surgery in 8 (17%) and no prior cardiac surgery in 5 (11%). Over a median follow-up time of 3.9 years, 14 patients died (29%) and 10 (71%) deaths occurred within 30 days of HTx. Survival at 1 and 5 years was 77%. Deaths within 30 days of surgery were secondary to hemorrhage in 4 (40%), graft failure in 3 (30%) and multi-system organ failure in 3 (30%). By multivariate analysis, ≥3 sternotomies (HR 8.5, p=0.02), MELD-XI score &gt;18 (HR 6.2, p=0.009) and heterotaxy (HR 9.8, p=0.01), were significant predictors of mortality. Conclusion: In our cohort of patients with CHD undergoing Htx, ≥3 sternotomies, MELD-XI score &gt;18 and heterotaxy syndrome were significantly associated with death. These findings may be important in patient selection and timing of Htx in this population.
Field trial for autistic disorder in DSM-IV
Authors: F R Volkmar, A Klin, B Siegel, P Szatmari, C Lord, M Campbell, B J Freeman, D V Cicchetti, M Rutter, W Kline
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

This project focused on the development of the definition of autism for DSM-IV.Multiple sites were involved in obtaining information regarding 977 patients with the following clinician-assigned diagnoses: autism (N = 454), other pervasive developmental disorders (N = 240), and other disorders (N = 283). A standard coding system was used, and the raters (N = 125) had a range of experience in the diagnosis of autism. Patterns of agreement among existing diagnostic systems were examined, as was the rationale for inclusion of other disorders within the class of pervasive developmental disorders.The DSM-III-R definition of autism was found to be overly broad. The proposed ICD-10 definition most closely approximated the clinicians' diagnoses. Inclusion of other disorders within pervasive developmental disorders appeared justified. Partly on the basis of these data, modifications in the ICD-10 definition were made; this and the DSM-IV definition are conceptually identical.The resulting convergence of the DSM-IV and ICD-10 systems should facilitate both research and clinical service.
Normal feeding behavior, body weight and leptin response require the neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor
Authors: Philippe Naveilhan, Hessameh Hassani, Josep M. Canals, A. Jonas Ekstrand, Åsa Larefalk, Vijay Chhajlani, Ernest Arenas, Karin Gedda, Lennart Svensson, Peter Thoren, Patrik Ernfors
Journal: Nature Medicine (1999)
Abstract 20333: Regional Leaflet Tethering Not Annular Size Determines Recurrent Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation After Valve Repair
Authors: Eric K Lai, Melissa M Levack, Satoshi Takebayashi, Thomas J Eperjesi, Prakash A Patel, Albert T Cheung, Y J Woo, Michael A Acker, Benjamin M Jackson, Joseph H Gorman, Robert C Gorman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Mitral valve repair is the preferred treatment for ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR); however, the high incidence of early failure emphasizes the need for parameters to identify patients at high risk for recurrent IMR. Using real-time (rt-3DE), regional mitral valve parameters were compared to better characterize recurrent and non-recurrent IMR valves. Methods: Pre-operative three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) images of 48 IMR valves (35 non-recurrent and 13 recurrent) and 18 normal valves were acquired. Six month follow-up echoes of the IMR patients were obtained to assess competency of the valve post repair. Valve images were segmented as previously published. Customized algorithms were used to determine the septolateral diameter (SLD), mitral annular area (MAA), mitral valve tenting volume (MVTv) referring to the volume enclosed by the annular plane and mitral leaflets, mitral valve tenting index (MVTI) calculated by the MVTv divided by MAA, and tethering angles for each leaflet regi...
Water births
Authors: C N Barry
Journal: BMJ (1995)

packed cell volumes with a lower limit in black American women may be due to the high frequency of oa thalassaemia in people of African descent and to total compensation for lifelong slightly lower haemoglobin concentrations.Steer and colleagues consider that it "remains possible that genuine anaemia . . .has adverse consequences on fetal growth and long term outcome."Obstetricians and others working in developing countries know well the severe conse- quences of matemal anaemia on placental size, fetal growth, length of gestation, fetal nutrition, infant morbidity and mortality, and maternal morbidity and ultimately mortality.4It remains the duty of obstetricians to try to bring maternal haemoglobin concentration into the optimal range for pregnancy.Evidence suggests that the optimal range is 110-140 g/l rather than the lower values proposed by Steer and colleagues.
567. Effective Boosting of Protective Immunity Via Repeated Intramuscular Administration of a Human Adenovirus-Based Anthrax Vaccine
Authors: Yan Zhi, Lili Wang, Guangping Gao, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Recently, a strategy involving sequential immunizations with heterologous vaccine carriers expressing the same antigen has resulted in the generation of unparalleled levels of specific immunity and, in some cases, afforded protection against infectious agents. Replication-defective, adenoviral vectors based on human serotype 5 (H5) can induce robust cellular and humoral immune responses against the transgene product. In addition, adeno-associated viral (AAV) vectors have also been shown to elicit antigen-specific immune responses. Therefore, we used Ebola Zaire virus envelope glycoprotein (Ebo GP) as a model antigen to create H5CMVGP and AAV-1CMVGP vaccine vectors. AAV serotype 1 was chosen because it is highly efficient in transducing murine muscle. We first evaluated GP-specific T cell and B cell responses elicited in B10BR mice after vaccinated by IM injection with either H5CMVGP or AAV-1CMVGP vectors alone. AAV-1CMVGP vectors at a dose of 5×1010 genome copies per mouse induced much lower frequencies of CD8+ T cell producing IFN-g by intracellular cytokine staining with H-2k restricted GP-specific peptide as stimulant and less total IgG response to GP measured by ELISA than H5CMVGP at a dose of 5×108 particles per mouse. We then examined immune responses elicited in B10BR mice after priming with H5CMVGP (5×108 particles/ mouse) and boosting with AAV-1CMVGP (5×109 genome copies/mouse). There was no increase in GP-specific CD8+ T cell response measured by intracellular cytokine staining. However, a significant increase of total IgG response against GP was observed as early as 10 days after boost. More important, the total IgG response against GP achieved by this prime/boost strategy was at least 2 to 4 fold higher than that generated by H5CMVGP alone even at a dose of 5×1010 particles per mouse. Currently, we are investigating whether sustained GP expression from AAV-1 vector may contribute to this boost effect on humoral responses against GP.
Abstract 17617: History of Bleeding and Outcomes with Apixaban versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation in the ARISTOTLE Trial
Authors: Raffaele De Caterina, Ulrika Andersson, John H Alexander, M.Cecilia Bahit, Patrick J Commerford, Shinya Goto, Christopher B Granger, Michael Hanna, Claes Held, Stefan H Hohnloser, Elaine M Hylek, Fernando Lanas, Renato D Lopes, José L Lopez-Sendon, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: History of bleeding is important in decisions for anticoagulation. We analyzed outcomes in relation to history of bleeding and randomized treatments in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in the ARISTOTLE trial. Methods: The on-treatment safety population included 18,140 patients receiving ≥1 dose of study drug, apixaban 5 mg bd (2.5 mg bd if 2 of the following: age &gt;80 yrs; body weight &lt;60 kg; or creatinine &gt;133 μmol/L) or warfarin aiming for INR 2.0-3.0 (median TTR 66%), for a median of 1.8 yrs. Adjudicated outcomes in relation to randomization and history of bleeding were analyzed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Efficacy endpoints were analyzed in the intention-to-treat population. Results: A history of bleeding was reported in 3033 patients (16.7%), who more often were male (68% vs 64%, p &lt;0.0005); with a history of prior stroke/TIA/systemic embolism (23% vs 19%, p &lt;0.0001); diabetes (27% vs 24%, p=0.0010); higher CHADS2 score (CHADS2 &gt;3: 35% vs 29%), age (mean [SD] 71 [9] vs 69 [10], p &lt;0001) and body weight (86 [21] vs 84 [21], p &lt;0.0001); lower creatinine clearance (77 [33] vs 80 [33], p=0.0007) and mean systolic blood pressure (131 [17] vs 132 [16], p=0.0027). Calcium channel blockers, statins, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and proton pump inhibitors were used more often in patients with vs without a history of bleeding. Major bleeding was the only outcome event occurring more frequently in patients with vs without a history of bleeding, HR 1.7 (95% CI 1.4-2.3) with apixaban and 1.5 (1.2-1.0) with warfarin. Primary efficacy and safety outcomes in relation to randomization, see Table. Conclusions: In patients with AF, a history of bleeding was associated with several risk factors for stroke and bleeding and, accordingly, a higher bleeding risk during anticoagulation. Benefits with apixaban vs warfarin as to stroke, mortality and major bleeding, are however consistent irrespective of bleeding history.
Abstract 12256: Deceleration Time of Early Diastolic Velocity by Tissue Doppler Velocity image: A Novel Index of Left Ventricular Diastolic Function
Authors: Kazushi Takemoto, Kumiko Hirata, Nozomi Wada, Makoto Orii, Kouhei Ishibashi, Kennichi Komukai, Takashi Tanimoto, Hironori Kitabata, Yasushi Ino, Keizou Kimura, Toshio Imanishi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the diagnostic utility of the deceleration time (DT) of early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus by tissue Doppler velocity image, a method for the assessment of left ventricular diastolic function.

Methods: Simultaneous right heart catheterization and Doppler echocardiography were performed to compare the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and DT in 28 patients. Furthermore, in 210 patients, DT was used to predict B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and differentiate the stages of diastolic function, namely, normal, abnormal, pseudo-normal and restrictive. We excluded the patients with atrial fibrillation and mitral valvular disease and who undergone mitral valvular surgery. Color-coded tissue Doppler images were acquired at apical 4 chamber view, and DT of early diastolic velocity measured at mitral annulus were assessed. The BNP levels were examined on the day of echocardiography.

Results: DT is inversely proportional to PCWP (r=0.60, p=0.002) and has significant correlation with log BNP (r=−0.22, p<0.0001). With a cut-off value of DT of 80 ms, which was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve, the sensitivity and specificity of DT to detect more than 200 pg/ml BNP level were 81 and 82%, respectively. Furthermore, patients with pseudo-normal and restrictive pattern had significantly shortened DT than those with normal and abnormal pattern (83±25 vs. 99±24, p<0.0001).

Conclusions: DT of early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus is an efficient novel index of LV diastolic function. And therefore, a promising parameter detecting and differentiating stages of diastolic dysfunction.

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Determining spirometry and body plethysmography normal limits in restrictive ventilation disorders
Authors: Marina Kameneva, Artem Tishkov, Vasiliy Trofimov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim:  To compare accuracy of fixed predicted value limits against lower and upper limits of normal in detection of restrictive pattern of ventilation disorders.   Materials and methods.  We retrospectively reviewed the results of 232 lung function tests (spirometry, whole-body plethysmography and compliance) with increase of lung elastic recoil (coefficient of retraction (CR) from 0,61 to 4,22 kPa/l, mean range 1,28 SD 0,61 kPa/l). All tests were performed by patients with different interstitial lung diseases (mean age 49,1 SD 14,41 years, 38% male and 62% female). In order to exclude mixed pattern, the lung function tests with increase of TLC, RV and RV/TLC and decrease of FEV1/VC were not considered. Restrictive pattern was defined as decrease VC and TLC while FEV1/VC is normal. Utilizing fixed predicted value-based limits, in 120 tests (52%) the decrease of VC 0.70) was determined. From the LLN point of view, in 102 tests (44%) the decrease of VC LLN) was found. In the rest of cases either VC or TLC were normal that does not meet the restrictive pattern.   Conclusions.  Utilizing fixed predicted value limits is preferable then LLN for existing algorithm of restrictive pattern determination (ATS/ERS Task force, 2005). Existing algorithm of restrictive pattern determination has about 50% false negatives in disorders associated with an increase in lung elasticity.
Emergence and co-infections of West Nile virus and Toscana virus in Eastern Thrace, Turkey
Authors: H. Erdem, K. Ergunay, A. Yilmaz, H. Naz, F. Akata, A.S. Inan, A. Ulcay, F. Gunay, A. Ozkul, B. Alten, V. Turhan, O. Oncul, L. Gorenek
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Abstract 17544: Reproducibility Between Online and Offline Analysis of Qualitative Optical Coherence Tomography Results After Stenting in non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Nicolas F Meneveau, Fiona Ecarnot, Romain Chopard, Marie-France Seronde, Philoktimon Plastaras, Jian-Feng Huang, Kamal Belmadani, Francois Schiele
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction &amp; Hypothesis: We evaluated reproducibility between online and offline analysis of optical coherence tomography (OCT) results of angioplasty with stent implantation in non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTEACS). Methods: In a prospective series of consecutive patients undergoing angioplasty of a single lesion responsible for NSTEACS (symptom onset &lt;48 h) with use of OCT to optimise procedural result, we compared presence of thrombus or tissue protrusion, residual dissection, stent malapposition, stent under-expansion, complete coverage of the lesion and side branches by the stent, as assessed online by the operator, versus results of offline analysis by two independent observers. Stent underexpansion was defined as a ratio of in-stent minimal lumen area (MLA) to average reference MLA &lt;80%. Other definitions were based on available consensus documents. Agreement was calculated using the Kappa coefficient with 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: 31 procedures were analyzed. Mean age was 65.7±8 years; 24 (77%) were men. Lesions were situated on the left anterior descending (n=14), right coronary (n=10) or circumflex artery (n=7). Results are shown in the table. Conclusion: There is good agreement between online and offline analysis for stent malapposition, and coverage of the lesion and side branches by the stent. Conversely, presence of thrombus and/or tissue protrusion, and residual dissection is under-estimated during online evaluation.
PSITTACOSIS; REPORT OF A FATAL CASE TREATED WITH SODIUM SULFAPYRIDINE
Authors: Emanuel Appelbaum, Wolfgang Ackermann
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1942)

Case Reports1 September 1942PSITTACOSIS; REPORT OF A FATAL CASE TREATED WITH SODIUM SULFAPYRIDINEEMANUEL APPELBAUM, M.D., WOLFGANG ACKERMANN, M.D.EMANUEL APPELBAUM, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WOLFGANG ACKERMANN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-17-3-528 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPrior to the epidemic of 1929-1930 psittacosis was almost unknown in this country except for a few sporadic cases. It has, however, been recognized as a disease, and the association with parrots noted, for at least 60 years. Its infrequency in recent times has tended to cause it to be almost forgotten. Many cases have undoubtedly gone unrecognized and were considered to be atypical typhoid, influenza, or influenzal pneumonia. It has seemed worthwhile, therefore, to present the following case and to call attention again to this disease.CASE REPORTS. B., a woman aged 44, entered Sydenham Hospital, April 15,...References1. BEDSONWESTERNLEVY SIMPSON SPGTS: Observations on the aetiology of psittacosis, Lancet, 1930, i, 235; ibid., 1930, i, 345. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. KRUMWIEDEMCGRATHOLDENBUSCH CMC: The etiology of the disease psittacosis, Science, 1930, lxxi, 262. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. RIVERSBERRYRHOADS TMGPCP: Psittacosis. Observations concerning the experimental disease in parrots, mice, rabbits, guinea pigs and monkeys, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1930, xcv, 579. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BEDSON SP: Elementary bodies in psittacosis, Brit. Jr. Exper. Path., 1932, xiii, 65; Immunological studies with the virus of psittacosis, ibid., 1933, xiv, 162. Google Scholar5. RIVERSBENJAMINBERRY TMBGP: Psittacosis, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1930, xcv, 577. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication September 24, 1940. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMYOCARDITIS AND ENCEPHALITIS IN A CASE OF SUSPECTED PSITTACOSIS*GORDON J. VOSTI, M.D., HOWARD ROFFWARG, M.D.The pathology of psittacosisPneumonia and erythema multiforme exudativum 1 September 1942Volume 17, Issue 3Page: 528-536KeywordsGratitudePneumoniaPsittacosisSodiumSurgeonsTyphoid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1942 PDF downloadLoading ...
Zoonotic infections in Europe in 2007: a summary of the EFSA-ECDC annual report
Authors: T Westrell, N Ciampa, F Boelaert, B Helwigh, H Korsgaard, M Chríel, A Ammon, P Mäkelä
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

The European Food Safety Authority and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control have just published their Community Zoonoses Report for 2007, analysing the occurrence of infectious diseases transmittable from animals to humans. Campylobacter infections still topped the list of zoonotic diseases in the European Union and the number of Salmonella infections in humans decreased for the fourth year in a row. Cases of listeriosis remained at the same level as in 2006, but due to the severity of the disease, more studies on transmission routes are warranted. The report highlights the importance of continued co-operation between veterinarians and public health specialists, both at the EU level and within Member States.
Science, medicine, and the future: Genetically modified foods
Authors: L. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editorial by Dixon and p 611)

The use of genetic modification in food production is proving contentious and attracting much media coverage. Despite this, it can be difficult for anyone not directly involved to know how to obtain hard facts. Genetically modified foods raise many issues—scientific, technological, environmental, social, ethical, economic, and political—too many to cover here. This article therefore paints a broad picture of genetically modified foods and provides a lead to sources of information by addressing three specific points:

Genes change every day by natural mutation and recombination, creating new biological variations. Humans have been exploiting this for centuries—shuffling genes in increasingly systematic ways and using extensive crossing and artificial selection—to create many combinations that would never otherwise have occurred. Just about everything we eat is derived from livestock, crops, and micro-organisms bred specifically to provide food. Humans have also redistributed genes geographically: the soybean is native to Asia but is now grown throughout the Americas, and the potato, native to the American continent, is grown throughout the temperate world. DNA has never been “static,” neither naturally nor at the hand of people.

Genetic modification is an extension of this. However, unlike conventional breeding, in which new assortments of genes are created more or less at random, it allows specific genes to be identified, isolated, copied, and introduced into other organisms in much more direct and controlled ways (see boxes). The most obvious difference from conventional breeding is that genetic modification allows us to transfer genes between species. For example, the gene for bovine chymosin has been transferred to industrial micro-organisms— Kluyveromyces lactis (a yeast), Aspergillus niger var awamori (a fungus), …