tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of long-term angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade on survival, hemodynamics and cardiac remodeling in chronic heart failure in rats
Authors: Christine Richer, Paul Fornes, Catherine Cazaubon, Valérie Domergue, Dino Nisato, Jean-François Giudicelli
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

The beneficial effect of chronic angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition on survival has for long been established in the rat post-infarction model of chronic heart failure (CHF) and has subsequently been confirmed in humans. This study investigates in rats whether chronic angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade shares with ACE inhibition the same beneficial effect.Rats we subjected to coronary artery ligation and, from 7 days later, orally treated for 7.5 months with placebo or irbesartan (5 or 50 mg/kg/day).Irbesartan dose-dependently increased survival (placebo: 27%, low dose: 52%, high dose: 82%, sham-ligated: 100%; high dose vs placebo: P < 0.001 and vs low dose: P < 0.05; low dose vs placebo: P = 0.11). Irbesartan also dose-dependently decreased urinary cyclic GMP excretion throughout the study. At 7.5 months, it dose-dependently decreased left ventricular (LV) end diastolic pressure. normalized LV pressure maximal rate of rise (dP/dt) and cardiac index values and improved LV and right ventricular regional blood flows (radioactive microspheres) and resistances. At 7.5 months, irbesartan markedly decreased myocardial hypertrophy but had almost no effect on LV dilatation and subendocardial fibrosis.Long-term angiotensin II AT1 receptor blockade with irbesartan strongly and dose-dependently increases survival in the rat model of coronary ligation-induced CHF. This effect is due to the combination of the beneficial effects that the drug exerts on systemic and coronary hemodynamics, on cardiac pump function and vs cardiac hypertrophy development. Long-term AT1 receptor blockade might thus prove useful and prolong survival in human CHF.
The Surgeon's Management of Gangrene
Authors: Christopher K. Zarins
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In The Surgeon's Management of Gangrene , the authors outline their approach to the treatment of peripheral occlusive disease at the Glasgow Royal Infirmary and Belvedere Hospital. They begin with a brief historical overview of lower extremity ischemia. They outline the clinical presentation of patients with peripheral occlusive disease and the rationale and approach to reconstructive vascular surgery to avoid amputation. They deal with the problems of vascular injury, embolism, and aneurysmal disease and, in addition to direct vascular reconstruction, discuss the use of sympathectomy, amputation, and rehabilitation.  The book has excellent illustrations and is well written and easy to read. It is unique in that it has an unusual and interesting manner of listing references in the margins, so that they are immediately available to the reader. The book is clearly written, but of necessity, many of the issues that are dealt with are simplified and abbreviated. The authors discuss
Hospital trust cut energy bill by 100 000 by switching off lights and closing doors
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The NHS could save £35m (€40m; $55m) by adopting techniques from a behaviour change project hailed by a London hospital trust for reducing its energy bills and improving the care of patients.

Barts Health NHS Trust in London said that a pilot scheme involving 15 000 hospital staff had reduced energy costs by £100 000 in one year and could save £400 000 over the next year.

Doctors, nurses, and other staff were encouraged or “nudged” to take three simple actions to benefit the hospital and wider environment: turn off unused equipment, switch off lights, and close doors.

They were given rewards and incentives such as pens and biscuits to take up challenges under the scheme, called Operation TLC.

Barts said that the …
Applications of ImmunoPET: Using 124I-Anti-PSCA A11 Minibody for Imaging Disease Progression and Response to Therapy in Mouse Xenograft Models of Prostate Cancer
Authors: Scott M. Knowles, Richard Tavaré, Kirstin A. Zettlitz, Matthew M. Rochefort, Felix B. Salazar, Ziyue Karen Jiang, Robert E. Reiter, Anna M. Wu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is highly expressed in local prostate cancers and prostate cancer bone metastases and its expression correlates with androgen receptor activation and a poor prognosis. In this study, we investigate the potential clinical applications of immunoPET with the anti-PSCA A11 minibody, an antibody fragment optimized for use as an imaging agent. We compare A11 minibody immunoPET to 18F-Fluoride PET bone scans for detecting prostate cancer bone tumors and evaluate the ability of the A11 minibody to image tumor response to androgen deprivation. Experimental Design: Osteoblastic, PSCA-expressing, LAPC-9 intratibial xenografts were imaged with serial 124I-anti-PSCA A11 minibody immunoPET and 18F-Fluoride bone scans. Mice bearing LAPC-9 subcutaneous xenografts were treated with either vehicle or MDV-3100 and imaged with A11 minibody immunoPET/CT scans pre- and posttreatment. Ex vivo flow cytometry measured the change in PSCA expression in response to androgen deprivation. Results: A11 minibody demonstrated improved sensitivity and specificity over 18F-Fluoride bone scans for detecting LAPC-9 intratibial xenografts at all time points. LAPC-9 subcutaneous xenografts showed downregulation of PSCA when treated with MDV-3100 which A11 minibody immunoPET was able to detect in vivo. Conclusions: A11 minibody immunoPET has the potential to improve the sensitivity and specificity of clinical prostate cancer metastasis detection over bone scans, which are the current clinical standard-of-care. A11 minibody immunoPET additionally has the potential to image the activity of the androgen signaling axis in vivo which may help evaluate the clinical response to androgen deprivation and the development of castration resistance. Clin Cancer Res; 20(24); 6367–78. ©2014 AACR.
Verrucous carcinoma arising in pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis, without evidence of human papillomavirus
Authors: F.J. Child, B.K. Kim, R. Ganesan, S.A. Southern, C.S. Herrington, E. Calonje
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Verrucous carcinoma arising in pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis, without evidence of human papillomavirus Get access F.J. Child, F.J. Child Skin Tumour Unit and Dr Fiona Child. E‐mail: fionachild@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.K. Kim, B.K. Kim University of Texas, South‐western Medical Centre, Dallas, TX, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Ganesan, R. Ganesan Department of Histopathology, City Hospital, Birmingham, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.A. Southern, S.A. Southern Department of Histopathology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.S. Herrington, C.S. Herrington Department of Histopathology, Royal Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Calonje E. Calonje Department of Dermatopathology, St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 1, 1 July 2000, Pages 183–187, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03613.x Published: 01 July 2000
Anti-CD81 antibodies can prevent a hepatitis C virus infection in vivo
Authors: Philip Meuleman, Joseph Hesselgesser, Matthew Paulson, Thomas Vanwolleghem, Isabelle Desombere, Hans Reiser, Geert Leroux-Roels
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

Abstract The viral life cycle of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been studied mainly using different in vitro cell culture models. Studies using pseudoviral particles (HCVpp) and more recently cell culture–derived virus (HCVcc) suggest that at least three host cell molecules are important for HCV entry in vitro : the tetraspanin CD81, the scavenger receptor class B member I, and the tight junction protein Claudin-1. Whether these receptors are equally important for an in vivo infection remains to be demonstrated. We show that CD81 is indispensable for an authentic in vivo HCV infection. Prophylactic treatment with anti-CD81 antibodies completely protected human liver-uPA-SCID mice from a subsequent challenge with HCV consensus strains of different genotypes. Administration of anti-CD81 antibodies after viral challenge had no effect. Conclusion: Our experiments provide evidence for the critical role of CD81 in a genuine HCV infection in vivo and open new perspectives for the prevention of allograft reinfection after orthotopic liver transplantation in chronically infected HCV patients. (Hepatology 2008;48:1761–1768.)
The Concept of the Conjoint Specialty Board
Authors: J. D. Myers
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The concept of the conjoint specialty board arose about three years ago when it became apparent that some mechanism was needed to provide certification in clinical areas which crossed over two or more of the major clinical disciplines. Actually nuclear medicine was the specialty which prompted discussion of and the definition of the conjoint board. It must be emphasized that the conjoint board is new and, in a sense, an experimental approach, that no conjoint board has thus far been approved, and that the place and success (or failure) of the conjoint board concept are yet to be established. The Liaison Committee for Specialty Boards, itself a conjoint organization of the Council on Medical Education and the American Board of Medical Specialties, had several deliberative sessions before deriving the present definition of the conjoint board: A conjoint board is a body established under the joint sponsorship of not less than
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NEW ORAL ANTICOAGULANT VERSUS VITAMIN K ANTAGONIST USE IN A CONTEMPORARY, NATIONAL, REAL-WORLD OBSERVATIONAL REGISTRY: INSIGHTS FROM THE STROKE PREVENTION AND RHYTHM INTERVENTIONS IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (SPRINT-AF) REGISTRY
Authors: Milan Gupta, Andrew C. Ha, Jafna L. Cox, Paul Dorian, David Gladstone, Evan Lockwood, G.B. John Mancini, Colin Saldanha, Ashfaq Shuaib, Narendra Singh, Mahesh Kajil, Michelle Tsigoulis, Subodh Verma
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Balancing Weight and Glucose in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Edmond A. Ryan
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

The instinctive concern of a pregnant woman for her baby creates a receptive environment for advice, and so it is particularly important that medical recommendations during pregnancy should be factual and reasoned. In this issue of Diabetes Care , Black et al. (1) have shown in a group of women who did not have gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by traditional thresholds that maternal overweight and obesity accounted for 21.6% of large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants, and when GDM as defined by the newer American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria was added into the equation, the combination was responsible for 23.3% of neonatal LGA. This article is a helpful addition to the debate balancing the impact of maternal adiposity or hyperglycemia on the risk of LGA in the baby.

The historical poor outcomes of pregestational diabetes are testimony to the harmful effects of high glucose in early pregnancy as manifest by congenital malformations and in later pregnancy as evidenced by LGA and its consequences. Interestingly, over time with better glucose control the risk for congenital malformations has decreased but not the risk for LGA (2). A proportion of women with no known diabetes have a pancreas that cannot respond to the increased insulin requirements of pregnancy, and they therefore develop GDM. These women have more LGA and shoulder dystocia (3), and there is good evidence that treatment reduces these problems (4).

Overweight mothers also have less favorable outcomes. In population studies, obesity is associated with more LGA, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, GDM, and extra pounds retained postpartum, whereas excess weight gain during pregnancy is more closely associated with preeclampsia, LGA, and retained weight postpartum (5–7). Women who have bariatric …
Mentally abnormal offenders: manner of death.
Authors: G Robertson
Journal: BMJ (1987)

A 23 year follow up of deaths in a population of mentally disordered patients was carried out, and a typical case history is reported. A quarter (71) of the deaths reported were unnatural, verdicts of suicide or accidental death or open verdicts having been recorded. For men in most age groups the proportion of deaths by suicide was two to three times greater than in the general population in 1982; the rate among those aged 25-29 was five times that in the general population. Differences in the rate of unnatural death among diagnostic categories of mental illness were not significant, but the proportion of unnatural deaths among the mentally handicapped will probably eventually be lower than that among psychotic offenders or those with personality disorders. Violent death occurs at an older age in those with affective disorders. Social isolation and alienation add to the handicap of mental disorder in this group of people, and these sometimes difficult but always vulnerable patients must continue to be offered asylum other than prison.
FRACTURE OF THE ANTERIOR SUPERIOR SPINE OF THE ILIUM
Authors: Frederick Christopher
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Up to 1924, Carp1collected twenty-one cases (including his own) of fracture of the anterior superior spine of the ilium. Two other cases have been found, which were not referred to in Carp's article. In 1867, Bousseau2reported a case in which both the anterior superior and anterior inferior spines of the ilium were fractured at the age of 15 years. Since this injury was caused by the passage of a wagon, it is scarcely eligible to this series. In 1914, von Saar3reported a case in a person, aged 18 years, who was hurt while skiing. Since the publication of Carp's paper, twenty-two additional cases have appeared in the literature.4My case, accordingly, makes the forty-fifth to be reported.  The etiology of muscular avulsion of the anterior superior spine is of interest. Carp found the average age of his patients to be 17½ years. In
HSV-mediated gene transfer of the glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor provides an antiallodynic effect on neuropathic pain
Authors: Shuanglin Hao, Marina Mata, Darren Wolfe, Shaohua Huang, Joseph C Glorioso, David J Fink
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Neuropathic pain is a difficult clinical problem that is often refractory to medical management. Glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) administered intrathecally has been shown to prevent or reduce pain in an animal model of neuropathic pain, but cannot be delivered in the required doses to treat human pain. We have previously demonstrated that peripheral subcutaneous inoculation of a replication-incompetent herpes simplex virus (HSV)-based vector can be used to transduce neurons of the dorsal root ganglion. To examine whether HSV-mediated expression of GDNF could be used to ameliorate neuropathic pain, we constructed a replication-incompetent HSV vector expressing GDNF. Subcutaneous inoculation of the vector 1 week after spinal nerve ligation resulted in a continuous antiallodynic effect that was maintained for 3-4 weeks. Reinoculation of the vector reestablished the antiallodynic effect with a magnitude that was at least equivalent to the initial effect. Vector-mediated GDNF expression blocked the nonnoxious touch-induced increase in c-fos expression in dorsal horn characteristic of the painful state. Gene transfer to produce a trophic factor offers a novel approach to the treatment of neuropathic pain that may be appropriate for human therapy.
Carcinoma of Unknown Primary Site
Authors: Gauri Varadhachary
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Jeffrey S. Ross, MD; Kai Wang, MD, PhD; Laurie Gay, PhD; Geoff A. Otto, PhD; Emily White, BS; Kiel Iwanik, BS; Gary Palmer, MD; Roman Yelensky, PhD; Doron M. Lipson, PhD; Juliann Chmielecki, PhD; Rachel L. Erlich, PhD; Andrew N. Rankin, PhD; Siraj M. Ali, MD, PhD; Julia A. Elvin, MD, PhD; Deborah Morosini, MD; Vincent A. Miller, MD; Philip J. Stephens, PhD
False-Positive Brain Tumor
Authors: MICHAEL I. WEINTRAUB
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1988False-Positive Brain TumorMICHAEL I. WEINTRAUB, M.D.MICHAEL I. WEINTRAUB, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-5-775_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptClinicians believe that a positive computed tomographic (CT) scan shows an underlying pathologic process. However, transient neurologic syndromes (seizures, transient cerebral ischemic attacks) can present as a false-positive CT scan in both adults and children (1, 2). To avoid potentially unnecessary diagnostic and surgical procedures, physicians must consider positive CT scans in the context of altered blood-brain barrier function. The following case shows this misleading finding.A 56-year-old previously healthy woman suddenly developed numbness of the right side of the body, followed by weakness and headache. These symptoms persisted for at least 6 hours. Neurologic examination confirmed rightsided sensory-motor changes...References1. GOULATIAVERMAMISHRAAHUJA RANG. Disappearing CT lesions in epilepsy. Epilepsia. 1987;28:523-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. RUMACKGUGGENHEIMFASULESBURDICK CMJD. Transient positive post-ictal computed tomographic scan. J Pediatr. 1980;97:263-4. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SAMMARITANOANDERMANNMELANSON MFD. Prolonged focal cerebral edema associated with partial status epilepticus. Epilepsia. 1985;26:334-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York Medical College and Phelps Memorial Hospital North Tarrytown, NY 10591 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1988Volume 108, Issue 5Page: 775-775KeywordsBlood-brain barrierBrainChildrenComputed axial tomographyEpileptic seizuresHeadachesTransient ischemic attacks Issue Published: 1 May 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
First-in-Human Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve Repair in a Patient With Severely Regurgitant Tricuspid Valve
Authors: Joachim Schofer, Klaudija Bijuklic, Claudia Tiburtius, Lorenz Hansen, Adam Groothuis, Rebecca T. Hahn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)

Severe tricuspid regurgitation is associated with poor prognosis; however, there are limited Class I indications for intervention, and high-surgical risk patients may go untreated. We report the first-in-human successful transcatheter tricuspid valve repair for severe tricuspid regurgitation.The objective of this study was to show the feasibility of a transcatheter tricuspid annular repair.Compassionate-use approval for the procedure was obtained from the regulatory organization in Germany. To perform the transcatheter bicuspidization of the tricuspid valve, the Mitralign system was used to place pledgeted sutures by means of a trans-jugular venous approach. Insulated radiofrequency wires were positioned 2 to 5 mm from the base of the posterior leaflet, 2.6 cm apart. The sutures were drawn together and locked, plicating the posterior annulus.Reconstruction of the 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic dataset at baseline revealed a tricuspid valve annular area of 14.1 cm(2), and effective regurgitant orifice area was 1.35 cm(2). There was a significant reduction in annular area (57%) and effective regurgitant orifice area (53%) measured with 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography, at 6.05 cm(2) and 0.63 cm(2), respectively. Hemodynamic parameters also improved with a reduction in right atrial pressure from 22 mm Hg at baseline, to 9 mm Hg and an increase in left ventricular stroke volume from 42 ml at baseline to 72 ml.Transcatheter tricuspid valve repair could become an effective treatment for high-surgical risk patients who are non-responsive to optimal medical therapy.
Hepatic Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Chronic Hepatitis C
Authors: Antonio Craxi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 January 1996Hepatic Hepatitis C Virus RNA in Chronic Hepatitis CAntonio Craxi, MD, Vito Di Marco, MD, and Piero L. Almasio, MDAntonio Craxi, MDIstituto di Medicina Generale; University of Palermo; 90146 Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this author, Vito Di Marco, MDIstituto di Medicina Generale; University of Palermo; 90146 Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this author, and Piero L. Almasio, MDIstituto di Medicina Generale; University of Palermo; 90146 Palermo, ItalySearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-1_Part_1-199601010-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Shindo and colleagues [1] wonder whether patients who have chronic hepatitis C and a long-term biochemical response to interferon but remain positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in the serum or liver will have a relapse later.We are following a cohort of 62 long-term responders from two trials that enrolled 425 patients (264 [62%] had chronic hepatitis and 161 [38%] had cirrhosis). These patients were treated for 6 to 12 months with interferon-α 2b or interferon-α n1 at 5 to 10 MU three times a week. The long-term responders consisted of 41 men and 21 ...REFERENCE1. Shindo M, Arai K, Sokawa Y, Okuno T. Hepatic hepatitis C virus RNA as a predictor of a long-term response to interferon-α therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 122:586-91. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Antonio Craxi, MD; Vito Di Marco, MD; Piero L. Almasio, MDAffiliations: Istituto di Medicina Generale; University of Palermo; 90146 Palermo, Italy PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byChronic Hepatitis C and Interferon Alpha: Conventional and Cumulative Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled TrialsDefinition of response to antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis CClinical significance of hepatic HCV RNA in patients with chronic hepatitis C demonstrating long-term sustained response to interferon-alpha therapyLong-term course of interferon-treated chronic hepatitis CCryoglobulinemia in Hepatitis C Virus Chronic Active Hepatitis: Effects of Interferon-α Therapy 1 January 1996Volume 124, Issue 1_Part_1Page: 72KeywordsBiopsyChronic hepatitisChronic hepatitis CCirrhosisHepatitis AHepatitis C virusInterferonsLiverPolymerase chain reactionRNA ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Resolution of diabetic cheiroarthropathy.
Authors: D M Lister, R A Graham-Brown, A C Burden
Journal: BMJ (1986)

good anti-herpes zoster virus antibody response she was thought to be immunocompetent.She was treated with intravenous acyclovir 10 mg/kg every eight hours for 10 days and improved rapidly.The pain from her skin lesions was greatly relieved, and after 48 hours of treatment she no longer had delusions or hallucinations and her ataxia was improving.After one week the skin lesions and ataxia had resolved, but partial abducent, facial, and vestibulocochlear palsies persisted.1 Bean B, Braun C, Balfour HH.Acyclovir therapy for acute herpes zoster.