tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Computationally predicted IgE epitopes of walnut allergens contribute to cross-reactivity with peanuts
Authors: Soheila J. Maleki, Suzanne S. Teuber, Hsiaopo Cheng, Deliang Chen, Sarah S. Comstock, Sanbao Ruan, Catherine H. Schein
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Maleki SJ, Teuber SS, Cheng H, Chen D, Comstock SS, Ruan S, Schein CH. Computationally predicted IgE epitopes of walnut allergens contribute to cross-reactivity with peanuts. Allergy 2011; 66: 1522–1529. Background: Cross-reactivity between peanuts and tree nuts implies that similar immunoglobulin E (IgE) epitopes are present in their proteins. Objective: To determine whether walnut sequences similar to known peanut IgE-binding sequences, according to the property distance (PD) scale implemented in the Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins, react with IgE from sera of patients with allergy to walnut and/or peanut. Methods: Patient sera were characterized by western blotting for IgE binding to nut protein extracts and to peptides from walnut and peanut allergens, similar to known peanut epitopes as defined by low PD values, synthesized on membranes. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to show that peanut and predicted walnut epitope sequences compete with purified Ara h 2 for binding to IgE in serum from a cross-reactive patient. Results: Sequences from the vicilin walnut allergen Jug r 2, which had low PD values to epitopes of the peanut allergen Ara h 2, a 2S albumin, bound to IgE in sera from five patients who reacted to either walnut or peanut or both. A walnut epitope recognized by sera from six patients mapped to a surface-exposed region on a model of the N-terminal pro-region of Jug r 2. This predicted walnut epitope competed for IgE binding to Ara h 2 in serum as well as the known IgE epitope from Ara h 2. Conclusions: Sequences with low PD value (<8.5) to known IgE epitopes could contribute to cross-reactivity between allergens. This further validates the PD scoring method for predicting cross-reactive epitopes in allergens.
Improvement in the outcome of invasive fusariosis in the last decade
Authors: M. Nucci, K.A. Marr, M.J.G.T. Vehreschild, C.A. de Souza, E. Velasco, P. Cappellano, F. Carlesse, F. Queiroz-Telles, D.C. Sheppard, A. Kindo, S. Cesaro, N. Hamerschlak, C. Solza, W.J. Heinz, M. Schaller, A. Atalla, S. Arikan-Akdagli, H. Bertz, C. Galvão Castro, R. Herbrecht, M. Hoenigl, G. Härter, N.E.U. Hermansen, A. Josting, L. Pagano, M.J.C. Salles, S.B. Mossad, D. Ogunc, A.C. Pasqualotto, V. Araujo, P.F. Troke, O. Lortholary, O.A. Comely, E. Anaissie
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
Experience from implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities in Republic of Macedonia – Where did we go wrong and where do we go from here?
Authors: Dance Gudeva Nikovska, Stefan Talevski, Hristijan Jankuloski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Since 2004, Republic of Macedonia has implemented 3 GFATM funded grants. RM is the lowest HIV prevalence country in the SEE Region; the cumulative total number by the end of 2010 is 134, and the number of new TB cases in 2010 was 420. To date, 4 cases were diagnosed with HIV and TB.  To analyze joint HIV/TB activities in the past 6 years, identify gaps and challenges to be addressed in order to provide recommendations for policy makers.  We have performed desk analysis of reports on joint HIV/TB activities performed in the period 2004-2010, submitted to GFATM.  NGO HOPS delivers TB prevention education for high-risk groups - IDUs, psychiatric patients, Roma, refugees/asylum seekers and PLHIV. By the end of 2010, total of 7025 HRG representatives have been educated for TB, representing an extraordinary collaboration between the Government and NGO sector.  Voluntary and Confidential Counseling and Testing (VCCT) services are offered to TB patients at Lung Diseases Institute, by one trained nurse. Analyzed quarterly, the results vary significantly, ranging from 0% tested to as high as 75% tested for some of the cohorts.  Although RM has shown significant achievements in implementation of GFATM funded programs for TB and HIV/AIDS, there is still lot of work to combine services and address prevention. There is a clear need to expand VCCT countrywide, scale-up activities as to include other HRG (e.g. sex workers) and necessity for capacity building of communities to address TB in PLHIV. In addition, we have to still work to strengthen institutional support for coordinated response and involve clients in development of relevant strategies
Study of S91 Mouse Melanomas by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) Spectrosall copy and Tissue Culture. II. Effects of Penicillamine on EPR Signals and on Growth &lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Phillip S. Duke, Benjamin T. Hourani, Harry B. Demopoulos
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

An electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) doublet signal was readily observed in low-speed cleared sucrose homogenates of 591 mouse melanomas. D-Penicillamine decreased the signal's spin number in vitro and in vivo. This is believed due to copper chelation by penicillamine. The EPR doublet signal is possibly related to 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) alanine (Dopa) semiquinone or ascorbyl-free radical intermediates. The EPR doublet signal-producing species is enhanced by aerobic conditions and may be related to aerobic metabolism. The doublet EPR signal was completely lost when a melanoma homogenate was gassed with nitrogen, but it was regenerated when the homogenate was gassed with oxygen. Blue-light irradiation produced a maximum increase in the EPR doublet signal's spin number after 5 minutes' irradiation. Doublet EPR signal loss by extended blue-light irradiation was reversed by oxygen gassing, which suggests that the signal-producing species is not readily destroyed by blue light. Paramagnetic Cu(II) was never detected in homogenates. In vitro growth studies of S91 mouse melanomas versus hearts of newborn mice showed that penicillamine did not selectively inhibit 591 mouse melanoma growth in vitro, although it did in vivo.
Equivalence of Generic Glatiramer Acetate in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Jeffrey Cohen, Anna Belova, Krzysztof Selmaj, Christian Wolf, Maria Pia Sormani, Janine Oberyé, Evelyn van den Tweel, Roel Mulder, Norbert Koper, Gerrit Voortman, Frederik Barkhof
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Glatiramer Acetate Clinical Trial to Assess Equivalence With Copaxone (GATE) Study Group IMPORTANCE The patents for the first approved treatments for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis are expiring, creating the opportunity to develop generic alternatives.OBJECTIVE To evaluate in the Glatiramer Acetate Clinical Trial to Assess Equivalence With Copaxone (GATE) study whether generic glatiramer acetate (hereafter generic drug) is equivalent to the originator brand glatiramer acetate (hereafter brand drug) product, as measured by imaging and clinical end points, safety, and tolerability.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Randomized, multicenter, double-blind, active and placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.The setting included academic medical centers and clinical practices.Participants were patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis 18 to 55 years old with at least 1 relapse in the prior year and 1 to 15 gadolinium-enhancing brain magnetic resonance imaging lesions.They were randomized between December 7, 2011, and March 21, 2013.The last participant completed follow-up December 2, 2013.INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized 4.3:4.3:1 to receive generic glatiramer acetate (20 mg), brand glatiramer acetate (20 mg), or placebo by daily subcutaneous injection for 9 months. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary end point was the total number of gadolinium-enhancing lesions during months 7, 8, and 9.Additional end points included other magnetic resonance imaging parameters, annualized relapse rate, and Expanded Disability Status Scale score.Safety and tolerability were assessed by monitoring adverse events, injection site reactions, and laboratory test results. RESULTSIn total, 794 participants were randomized and treated with generic drug (n = 353), brand drug (n = 357), or placebo (n = 84).The estimated mean numbers of gadolinium-enhancing lesions with generic drug and brand drug were lower than with placebo (ratio, 0.488; 95% CI, 0.365-0.651;P < .001),confirming study sensitivity.For gadolinium-enhancing lesions, the estimated ratio of generic drug to brand drug was 1.095 (95% CI, 0.883-1.360),which was within the predefined equivalence margin of 0.727 to 1.375.The incidence, spectrum, and severity of reported adverse events, including injection site reactions, were similar in the generic drug and brand drug groups. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEAs treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, glatiramer acetate generic drug and brand drug had equivalent efficacy, safety, and tolerability.
Clearance of Thrombin from Circulation in Rabbits by High-affinity Binding Sites on Endothelium
Authors: Pete Lollar, Whyte G. Owen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The clearance of 125I-thrombin and diisopropylphosphoryl-125I-thrombin (DIP-thrombin) from the circulation in rabbits was studied. When given either intraarterially or intravenously, DIP-thrombin, which is active-site blocked, was ∼90% cleared from the circulation by 1 min, the time of earliest sampling, indicating a large first-pass effect. DIP-thrombin given intravenously is found predominantly in the lungs, whereas DIP-thrombin injected into the aortic arch is distributed diffusely in approximate proportion to the blood supply. Renal artery, femoral artery, ear artery, left atrium, and portal vein infusions demonstrate that kidney, muscle, ear, heart, and liver, respectively, can remove DIP-thrombin from the circulation. These data imply that the clearance of DIP-thrombin is not a function of a specific organ but of the vascular bed per se. The clearance of DIP-thrombin was reversible since injection of 0.5 mg of unlabeled DIP-thrombin 10 min after the injection of a tracer dose of DIP-125I-thrombin resulted in the rapid reappearance of the DIP-125I-thrombin into the circulation. In addition, the clearance of DIP-thrombin was saturable, i.e., clearance of DIP-125I-thrombin was inhibited by unlabeled DIP-thrombin in a dose-dependent fashion. In vivo Scatchard analysis of the saturation of the clearance process demonstrated that DIP-thrombin can be removed by binding to high-affinity binding sites, since dissociation constants (KD) of 10 and 13 nM were obtained for human and bovine DIP-thrombin, respectively.
8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) and air pollution exposure in children with wheezing
Authors: Pedro Martins, Iolanda Caires, José Araújo-Martins, Joana Valente, Myriam Lopes, Paolo Montuschi, Giovanni Ciabattoni, Carlos Borrego, Nuno Neuparth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  Oxidative stress is proposed as the underlying mechanism of air pollutants aggression over the airways. 8-Isoprostane is a reliable biomarker of oxidative stress. 8-Isoprostane could be detected in several fluids including exhaled breath condensate (EBC).   Objective:  To study the relation between 8-isoprostane in EBC and air pollution exposure.   Methods : In the scope of a prospective study, EBC samples were collected from 27 wheezing children in order to measure 8-isoprostanes. Children were also evaluated through spirometry and skin prick tests for airborne allergens. After the definition of a day activity pattern for each children and direct measurements of air pollutants in different microenvironments (home, school and outdoor), individual exposure was calculated for PM 10,  O 3 , NO 2 , xylene, toluene, benzene, formaldehyde and ethylbenzene. Spearman rank correlation was used to study the associations between 8-isoprostane and air pollutants.   Results:  The mean age of the studied children was 7.9 ± 1.1 years. Eleven were boys. The mean FEV 1  was 96.7 ± 9.6%. Ten of the studied children were atopic. Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) including toluene (rho = 0,604, p = 0,008), xylene (rho = 0,685, p = 0,002) and ethylbenzene (rho = 0,788, p 10,  O 3 , NO 2  neither between EBC 8-isoprostane and spirometric results.   Conclusions:  Individual exposure to VOCs seems to be related with oxidative stress evaluated through 8-isoprostanes measurement in EBC.   Granted by : Fundacao Calouste Gulbenkian, SaudAr Project.
Abstract 15963: Caveolin-3 Overexpression Attenuates Angiotensin-II Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy via Inhibition of Protein Kinase C Modulation of T-Type Ca2+ Current in Ventricular Myocytes
Authors: Yogananda S Markandeya, Amina Saqib, Courtney R Buss, Timothy A Hacker, David M Roth, Hemal H Patel, Ravi C Balijepalli
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Chronic angiotensin II (AngII) activation results in pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure and arrhythmia through the activation of reexpressed T-type Ca2+ channel (TTCC) current (ICa,T). W...
Abstract 1650: Prognostic Value of Cardiac I-123 Metaiodobenzylguanidine Imaging in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure: A Prospective 10-year Follow Up Comparative Study with QT dispersion, Signal-Averaged Electrocardiogram and Heart Rate Variability
Authors: Yusuke Iwasaki, Takahisa Yamada, Yuji Okuyama, Takasi Morita, Yoshio Furukawa, Yasumasa Tsukamoto, Keiji Okuda, Masaharu Masuda, Taku Yasui, Masatake Fukunami
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Backgruond: We previously reported that Cardiac I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) imaging might provide prognostic information in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, no informati...
An extraordinary ‘sunburn’ in a black patient
Authors: K. Ezzedine, G. Solé, S. Guillet, E. Belin, C. Droitcourt, T. Jouary, A. Taieb
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article An extraordinary ‘sunburn’ in a black patient Get access K. Ezzedine, K. Ezzedine Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint‐André, 33075 Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Solé, G. Solé Department of Neurology, CHU Haut‐Lévêque, Pessac, France E‐mail: khaled.ezzedine@chu‐bordeaux.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Guillet, S. Guillet Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint‐André, 33075 Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Belin, E. Belin Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint‐André, 33075 Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Droitcourt, C. Droitcourt Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint‐André, 33075 Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Jouary, T. Jouary Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint‐André, 33075 Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Taieb A. Taieb Department of Dermatology, CHU Saint‐André, 33075 Bordeaux, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 6, 1 June 2011, Pages 1398–1400, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10255.x Published: 01 June 2011
In vitro performance of 5 nebuliser systems mimicking a child's breathing pattern
Authors: Hannah Walz-Jung, Wolfgang Kamin, Irene Krämer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Nebulisers are recommended in the treatment of acute asthma in children. As choosing the right system can be a crucial factor for a successful aerosol therapy in children, the performance of 5 relevant jet nebulisers was determined.

Methods

Aerosol delivery of albuterol (Sultanol forte® 2.5 mg/2.5 ml) with 5 different jet nebuliser systems (from PARI, MPV, Omron and PHILmed/3A HEALTH CARE) was assessed over 4 min and analysed by HPLC. With a PARI Compas II breath simulator a child's breathing pattern was mimicked according to Barry/O'Callaghan (1995; n=6). The aerodynamic particle size distribution was determined by a Next Generation Impactor (NGI, Ph.Eur.7.0, Copley Scientific, 15 L/min, n=4). Respirable Drug Delivery Rate (RDDR) was calculated by multiplying the drug delivery rate (DDR) by the Respirable Fraction (%of droplets ≤ 5µm).

Results

The DDR during the first 4 min of nebulisation differed from maximal 80 µg/min (PARI LC Sprint Junior) to minimal 28 µg/min (AmpollaNebjet).

Two of the nebulisers (PARI; MPV MicrodropCalimero) showed a Mass Median Aerodynamic Diameter (MMAD) of approx. 3 µm which is considered as eligible droplet size for children. The RDDR (a predictor for the respirable drug dose per time) varied by a factor of 4 between the systems tested.

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Conclusion

In vitro performance of the 5 nebulisers differs considerably. For children nebulisers with a high RDDR should be selected in order to ensure the best possible therapeutic outcome and adherence.
Time trends (1985-2011) in asthma and rhinitis in Italian general population samples
Authors: Sonia Cerrai, Sara Maio, Giuseppe Sarno, Sandra Baldacci, Marzia Simoni, Anna Angino, Franca Martini, Patrizia Silvi, Marco Borbotti, Giovanni Viegi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim  To estimate trends in the prevalence of asthma, asthma-related symptoms and risk factors such as allergic rhinitis and smoking.  Methods  Three surveys were carried out on general population samples living in Pisa, Italy, in 1985-88 (PI1,n=3267), 1991-93 (PI2,n=2604) and 2009-2011 (PI3,n=1619). Subjects filled in standardized questionnaires on respiratory symptoms, asthma, rhinitis and smoking habits. In PI1 and PI2 the same questionnaire was administered, whilst in PI3 the IMCA2 questionnaire, with different wording of the questions (particularly about rhinitis), was used. To compare the diseases/symptoms prevalence within the samples the same age range (18-97 yrs) was selected. Comparison of variables across studies was performed by Pearson Chi-squared test.  Results  Both the prevalence of asthma diagnosis and current asthma attacks show a trend to increase. Current rhinitis increased from PI1 to PI2 and doubled from PI2 to PI3. Current smoking significantly decreased among the three surveys.  * Subjects n =3250; • Estimation  Conclusions  Our results highlight a trend to increased prevalence rates of asthma, and especially rhinitis, among Italian adults. Despite the prevalence of rhinitis is consistent with recent literature (Bjerg, A. et al PLOS ONE, 2011), we underline that a different wording of the question might have determined an overestimation.
Effects of exercise training after lung transplantation: 1 year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Daniel Langer, Thierry Troosters, Chris Burtin, Lieven Dupont, Geert Verleden, Marc Decramer, Rik Gosselink
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

In this study we investigated the effects of a 3-months exercise training program that was initiated immediately following hospital discharge after lung transplantation (LTx). Primary outcomes were participation in daily physical activity and physical fitness 1 year after LTx.   Methods:  Patients were randomized after hospital discharge to receive either exercise training (n=17) or a control intervention consisting of instructions to be physically active (n=16). Patients were assessed upon hospital discharge following LTx (baseline) and outcomes of interventions were evaluated 1 year later. Comparisons between groups were adjusted for baseline measurements (ANCOVA). Daily activity was assessed with the DynaPort (McRoberts, The Hague, NL) and the SenseWear Monitor (BodyMedia, Pittsburgh, US).   Results:  Age, gender distribution (51% female), Type of LTx (21% single LTx), pulmonary function, physical activity and physical fitness were comparable between groups on baseline. Statistically significant differences between groups 1 year after hospital discharge were observed in end-points reflecting physical fitness and daily physical activity.   Conclusions:  Results of this randomized controlled trial show that supervised exercise training initiated immediately following hospital discharge improves functional recovery up to one year after LTx.
Smoking cessation trial may be missing the point.
Authors: C Greaves
Journal: Thorax (2008)

The trial reported by Aveyard et al 1 in a recent issue of Thorax is a welcome illustration that primary care nurses are not being trained properly to deliver the behavioural support aspects of smoking cessation. However, the paper seems to miss this point and instead concludes that “Primary care smoking cessation treatment should provide pharmacotherapy with sufficient support only to ensure it is used appropriately, and those in need of support should be referred to specialists”.

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Abstract 2211: Large Differences in Efficiency Among Fontan Patients Demonstrated In Patient Specific Models of Blood Flow Simulations
Authors: Alison L Marsden, Adam J Bernstein, Ryan L Spilker, Frandics P Chan, Charles A Taylor, Jeffrey A Feinstein
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Not all Fontan patients are “equal” despite similar hemodynamics using current diagnostic modalities. Recent advances in imaging and computational fluid dynamics simulations (CFDS) enable the evaluation of both previously unmeasurable parameters (e.g. efficiency (either at rest or with exercise)) and in patient-specific scenarios. We hypothesize CFDS at rest and simulated exercise will demonstrate large differences in pressure and efficiency among Fontan patients. Methods: Using MRI-obtained anatomy and flow, time-dependent, 3-D simulations were performed using a custom finite element solver in 4 patient-specific Fontan models. Flow features, pressure, and energy efficiency were analyzed at rest and with increasing flow to simulate light, moderate and heavy exercise. Resistance boundary conditions enabled simulation at physiologic pressures and vasodilation with “exercise.” Results: Large variations in geometry, efficiency (96 – 87% at rest, 90–75% with exercise) and mean SVC pressure were seen (figure ). Efficiency did not correlate with Fontan pressures and did not decrease linearly with increased exercise. The most efficient among these four particular patients was a traditional t-junction connection though it had one of the highest SVC pressures. Conclusions: Geometries, efficiency and pressure levels vary dramatically among Fontan patients. Patients may have similar hemodynamic performance at rest, but large differences in both efficiency and pressure can be demonstrated during simulated exercise. CFDS and determination of patient specific efficiency may provide an additional tool for risk stratification among patients.