tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ANTIBODY FORMATION INITIATED IN VITRO
Authors: M. Fishman, F. L. Adler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

The diffusion chamber technique permitted the demonstration of specific antibody formation in x-irradiated recipients of such chambers filled with normal lymph node cells and a cell-free homogenate of macrophages which had been incubated in intro with T2 bacteriophage. The activity of the cell-free homogenate was retained in its RNA fraction isolated by means of the phenol method. No antibody formation occurred if such RNA was treated with RNAase. On sucrose gradients (5 to 20 per cent), the active RNA was found to be present in the top third layer. The question of the possible presence of antigen complexed to the RNA is discussed.
Familial chondrocalcinosis in the Chiloe Islands, Chile.
Authors: A J Reginato, J L Hollander, V Martinez, F Valenzuela, V Schiapachasse, E Covarrubias, S Jacobelli, R Arinoviche, D Silcox, F Ruiz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1975)

Studies about chondrocalcinosis in the Chiloe Islands (Chile) showed the high frequency of the disease there and how most of it is aggregated in a few highly involved families. Pedigrees and the high degree of consanguinity among parents of index cases pointed to a recessive inheritance. The presence of common Caucasian anthropological features of genetic value in the patients and the lack of Indian mixture in three of the involved families, documented back to 1600, suggest a Caucasian origin of the mutation. Biochemical studies of the patients' synovial fluid showed a significant rise in pyrophosphate concentration. Calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase concentrations were not different from a control group.
Analysis of consultants' NHS and private incomes in England in 2003/4
Authors: Stephen Morris, Bob Elliott, Ada Ma, Alex McConnachie, Nigel Rice, Diane Skåtun, Matt Sutton
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2008)

Consultants employed by the NHS in England are allowed to undertake private practice to supplement their NHS income. Until the introduction of a new contract from October 2003, those employed on full-time contracts were allowed to earn private incomes no greater than 10% of their NHS income. In this paper we investigate the magnitude and determinants of consultants' NHS and private incomes.Quantitative analysis of financial data.A unique, anonymized, non-disclosive dataset derived from tax returns for a sample of 24,407 consultants (92.3% of the total) in England for the financial year 2003/4.The conditional mean total, NHS and private incomes earned by age group, type of contract, specialty and region of place of work.The mean annual total, NHS and private incomes across all consultants in 2003/4 were pound 110,773, pound 76,628 and pound 34,144, respectively. Incomes varied by age, type of contract, specialty and region of place of work. The ratio of mean private to NHS income for consultants employed on a full-time contract was 0.26. The mean private income across specialties ranged from pound 5,144 (for paediatric neurology) to pound 142,723 (plastic surgery). There was a positive association between mean private income and NHS waiting lists across specialties.Consultants employed on full-time contracts on average exceeded the limits on private income stipulated by the 10% rule. Specialty is a more important determinant of income than the region in which the consultant works. Further work is required to explore the association between mean private income and waiting lists.
Molecular analysis of the human immunoglobulin V lambda II gene family.
Authors: M Irigoyen, A Manheimer-Lory, B Gaynor, B Diamond
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

The 8.12 idiotype characterizes a subpopulation of anti-DNA antibodies in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The idiotype is present on lambda light chains and has previously been shown to be exclusively encoded by V lambda II light chains. RFLP analysis of the V lambda II gene family has shown the family to consist of 10 to 15 members. Thus far, the sequences of seven V lambda II germline genes are reported in the literature with one of these a pseudogene. To identify the V lambda II genes that encode 8.12 positive antibodies and to further characterize the V lambda II family, germline V lambda II clones were derived from a patient with SLE. Two libraries were constructed: a genomic DNA library and a library of PCR-derived V lambda II gene products obtained using a conserved V lambda II leader region primer and a primer for the nonamer region 3' of the coding sequence. We now describe seven new germline genes, two of which are pseudogenes. Comparison of V lambda II germline genes to sequences of 8.12 positive light chains produced by EBV-transformed B cell lines show that all 8.12 positive light chains are encoded by a limited number of highly homologous members of the V lambda II family. 8.12 negative V lambda II encoded light chains also derive from a limited number of V lambda II genes, suggesting that only a subset of the apparently available V lambda II genes are commonly expressed.
A longitudinal study of resting peripheral blood flow in normal pregnancy and pregnancies complicated by chronic hypertension and pre-eclampsia
Authors: Nick Anim-Nyame, Suren R Sooranna, Mark R Johnson, John Gamble, Philip J Steer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objectives: To investigate the hypothesis that reduced resting tissue blood flow precedes the clinical onset of pre-eclampsia in women at risk of the disease. Methods: We used venous occlusion plethysmography to compare resting calf muscle blood flow in 18 normal pregnant controls, 18 pregnant women with chronic hypertension, and 23 pregnant women at increased risk of developing pre-eclampsia. Calf blood flow was measured at 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36 weeks of gestation. Results: Blood flow increased with gestation in normal pregnancy (P=0.004) and chronic hypertension (P=0.006), but not in the 'at risk' women who did not develop pre-eclampsia (P=0.36). In contrast, blood flow decreased significantly in eight out of the 23 women 'at risk', who developed pre-eclampsia (P<0.00001, ANOVA). The decrease in flow preceded the clinical diagnosis of the pre-eclampsia by several weeks. Moreover, a significant inverse correlation was observed between resting blood flow and plasma uric acid concentrations (r=−0.86, P=0.03) in the women that developed pre-eclampsia. Conclusions: We have shown that reduced resting blood flow precedes the clinical onset of pre-eclampsia independently of hypertension per se. These findings support the notion that impaired tissue blood flow may be involved at an early stage in the pathophysiology of the disease.
The CO/HO system reverses inhibition of mitochondrial biogenesis and prevents murine doxorubicin cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hagir B. Suliman, Martha Sue Carraway, Abdelwahid S. Ali, Chrystal M. Reynolds, Karen E. Welty-Wolf, Claude A. Piantadosi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

The clinical utility of anthracycline anticancer agents, especially doxorubicin, is limited by a progressive toxic cardiomyopathy linked to mitochondrial damage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that the post-doxorubicin mouse heart fails to upregulate the nuclear program for mitochondrial biogenesis and its associated intrinsic antiapoptosis proteins, leading to severe mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion, sarcomere destruction, apoptosis, necrosis, and excessive wall stress and fibrosis. Furthermore, we exploited recent evidence that mitochondrial biogenesis is regulated by the CO/heme oxygenase (CO/HO) system to ameliorate doxorubicin cardiomyopathy in mice. We found that the myocardial pathology was averted by periodic CO inhalation, which restored mitochondrial biogenesis and circumvented intrinsic apoptosis through caspase-3 and apoptosis-inducing factor. Moreover, CO simultaneously reversed doxorubicin-induced loss of DNA binding by GATA-4 and restored critical sarcomeric proteins. In isolated rat cardiac cells, HO-1 enzyme overexpression prevented doxorubicin-induced mtDNA depletion and apoptosis via activation of Akt1/PKB and guanylate cyclase, while HO-1 gene silencing exacerbated doxorubicin-induced mtDNA depletion and apoptosis. Thus doxorubicin disrupts cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis, which promotes intrinsic apoptosis, while CO/HO promotes mitochondrial biogenesis and opposes apoptosis, forestalling fibrosis and cardiomyopathy. These findings imply that the therapeutic index of anthracycline cancer chemotherapeutics can be improved by the protection of cardiac mitochondrial biogenesis.
Rapidly progressive scleroderma associated with carcinoma of the oesophagus.
Authors: P C Mattingly, A G Mowat
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1979)

A patient with scleroderma of recent onset was found to have a carcinoma of the oesophagus. The rapid progression of the scleroderma suggested the possibility that it represented a systemic manifestation of malignancy.
Suicide terrorism and post-mortem benefits
Authors: Jacqueline M. Gray, Thomas E. Dickins
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Lankford claims that suicide terrorists are suicidal, but that their suicidal tendencies are often frustrated by injunctive social norms. Martyrdom represents a solution, and terrorist organizations exploit this. In this commentary, we claim that this argument has not been fully made and that such ideation in itself does not explain a willingness to engage in punitive actions against an enemy. We suggest the psychology of kinship as a possible missing factor.
Medical and Surgical Care of Stroke
Authors: HILLIER L. BAKER
Journal: Circulation (1965)

THE STROKE, a spontaneous, sudden, focal, and major disturbance of cerebral function, is a clinical syndrome precipitated by a number of varied, often unrelated, patho- logic conditions.In most instances, the cause will be a stenotic or occlusive lesion, of the carotid or the vertebral-basilar arterial sys- tem, or a primary intracerebral hemorrhage of idiopathic etiology.It is well known, how- ever, that certain aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, and tumors also may be manifested first with a stroke.The occurrence of such manifestations has been estimated at 5 to 10 per cent of the cases of stroke.In recent years a more aggressive approach in the treatment of the patient who has suffered a stroke has been adopted by both physicians and surgeons; therefore, the need for precise etiologic diagnosis has become increasingly important.Radiologic technics have proved to be highly satisfactory for this purpose, and angiography is the most helpful of all.With these methods, significant lesions are demonstrated in 60 to 80 per cent of stroke patients who have occlusive vascular disease or idiopathic hemorrhage and in more than 90 per cent of those with bleeding aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations and tumors.In practice it is not possible, and probably not desirable, to submit all stroke patients to angiographic investigation, but since it is generally conceded that the clinical diagnosis of occlusive cerebrovascular disease is only about 95 per cent accurate, it is imperative that certain of these patients be so examined.Such patients would include those in whom
Issues of drugs and sports gain attention as Olympic games open in South Korea
Authors: V. S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1988)

THE OLYMPIC GAMES open in Seoul, South Korea, tomorrow. With this and other recent events, the subjects of drug use by athletes and drug testing come to public attention again. Recent developments make it likely that international agreement on drug testing and sanctions can be achieved, although the effect on athlete drug use may not be seen for some time. Meanwhile, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) says drug testing will continue despite a California court ruling that exempts Stanford University athletes from participating. On another front, the experience of a group of Oregon medical students in trying to educate high school students about the dangers of anabolic steroids suggests that any educational effort needs to be carefully examined for its impact. With a new study showing that about 7% of male high school seniors have used anabolic steroids, it is obvious that chemical performance enhancement remains a serious subject
ON THE TECHNIQUE OF PNEUMOTOMY.
Authors: CARL BECK
Journal: JAMA (1897)

While the surgical principle, "<i>Ubipus, ibi evacua</i>," is nowadays held up more than ever before even in those parts of the human body that are accessible only under great difficulties, there seems to be some exception in regard to pus accumulations in the lungs, although they are by no means of rare occurrence. This lack of enthusiasm in attacking lung abscesses by the surgical knife is apparently caused by the widespread prejudice that they are all of a tubercular character and could consequently not be cured by simple evacuation. But while there is no doubt that the presence of one tubercular abscess necessarily presupposes the affection of a more or less extensive area of lung tissue, the nature of which would certainly be but little influenced by the opening of the single abscess, still there are many abscesses which are caused by preceding inflammatory processes, by suppurative bronchitis, bronchiectasy, etc.
Effects of carbohydrate-containing and carbohydrate-restricted hypocaloric and eucaloric diets on serum concentrations of retinol-binding protein, thyroxine-binding prealbumin and transferrin
Authors: Philip C. Kelleher, Stephen D. Phinney, Ethan A.H. Sims, Clifton Bogardus, Edward S. Horton, Bruce R. Bistrian, John M. Amatruda, Dean H. Lockwood
Journal: Metabolism (1983)
Effect of &lt;italic&gt;in Vitro&lt;/italic&gt; X Irradiation on Pigmented and Pale Slices of Cloudman S91 Mouse Melanoma as Measured by Subsequent Proliferation &lt;italic&gt;in Vivo&lt;/italic&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J P COBB
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1956)

Journal Article Effect of in Vitro X Irradiation on Pigmented and Pale Slices of Cloudman S91 Mouse Melanoma as Measured by Subsequent Proliferation in Vivo Get access Jewel Plummer Cobb Jewel Plummer Cobb Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 17, Issue 5, November 1956, Pages 657–666, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/17.5.657 Published: 01 November 1956 Article history Received: 03 August 1956 Published: 01 November 1956
Does declaration of competing interests affect readers' perceptions? A randomised trial
Authors: Samena Chaudhry, Sara Schroter, Richard Smith, Julie Morris
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Conflict of interest has been defined as a set of conditions in which professional judgment concerning a primary interest (such as patient welfare or the validity of research) can be influenced by a secondary interest (such as financial gain).1 Despite increasing evidence that conflict of interest influences authors' conclusions,2–4 we found no research into the effect on readers' perceptions of research. We studied whether a declaration of financial competing interest influences readers' perceptions of the interest, importance, relevance, validity, and believability of a study.

We randomly selected 300 BMJ readers from the BMA's membership database, which contains individual reader characteristics. All readers were sent a short report indicating that the impact of pain from herpes zoster on patients' daily functioning may be substantial.5 Readers in group 1 were sent a version of this paper with different named authors to the original and with a …
The Relationship Between Coronary Slow Flow and Urotensin II
Authors: Halit Zengin, Ali Rıza Erbay, Hasan Alaçam, Ali Okuyucu, Serkan Yüksel, Murat Meriç, Korhan Soylu, Ömer Gedikli, Naci Murat, Okan Gülel, Sabri Demircan, Özcan Yılmaz, Mahmut Şahin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
QUANTIFICATION AND IMPACT OF UNTREATED CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE AFTER PCI: THE RESIDUAL SYNTAX SCORE
Authors: Philippe Genereux, Tullio Palmerini, Adriano Caixeta, Gregg Rosner, Philip Green, Ovidiu Dressler, George Dangas, Roxana Mehran, Gregg Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Tall Upright T Waves in the Precordial Leads
Authors: IVAN J. PINTO, N. C. NANDA, A. K. BISWAS, V. G. PARULKAR
Journal: Circulation (1967)

One hundred ten cases of T waves more than 10 mm in height in the precordial leads were studied. The T waves were wide in ischemic heart disease and thin and peaked in uremia. Marked changes in the ventricular gradient were observed in ischemic heart disease and in uremia with hyperkalemia. In other conditions, the changes in the ventricular gradient were of a lesser degree. In cases of left ventricular hypertrophy, the T waves were tall from V 1 to V 4 in systolic (pressure) overloading, from V 4 to V 6 in diastolic (volume) overloading, and from V 2 to V 6 in combined types of overloading. The appearance of tall T waves was the earliest electrocardiographic sign encountered in clinical and experimental cases of acute myocardial infarction. In anterior myocardial infarction they disappeared within 24 hours indicating initial transient ischemia, while in angina pectoris and posterior myocardial infarction they lasted for a longer time probably due to persistent subendocardial ischemia.
TCT-178 Primary Endpoint Results from the TAXUS Element Post-Approval Surveillance Study (TE-PROVE): 1-Year Outcomes in Unselected Patients Treated With a Thin-Strut, Platinum-Chromium, Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent
Authors: Corrado Tamburino, Andrejs Erglis, Ian Menown, Iván G. Horváth, Guillame Lecoq, Raul Moreno, Timothy J. Gilbert, Davide Capodanno, Dominic J. Allocco, Keith D. Dawkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Controversy rages over new contraceptive data
Authors: D. Carnall
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Two weeks after the British Committee on Safety of Medicines received evidence linking the newer progestogens gestodene and desogestrel with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism in users of combined oral contraceptives the Committee issued an urgent message to users and prescribers recommending that all users of brands containing the newer progestogens be offered the choice of switching to another brand.  In addition the letter recommended that combinations which contain gestodene or desogestrel should be contraindicated in women with a history of venous thromboembolism.  The committees announcement was criticized by government representatives who held that the government has an obligation to act immediately in such matters.  On the other side of the issue the action was criticized by the scientists on whose work the decision was based.  The author of one study urged caution in interpreting his results because of the nature of his study population and the necessity of considering statistical artefacts.  One of the investigators of a second study charged that their results were sent to the committee in confidence and that the decision was premature and based on insufficient information.  European pharmaceutical regulatory bodies criticized the fact that the studies were not first subject to peer review through publication in medical journals.  The three studies upon which the British committee based its recommendation indicate that the risk of venous thromboembolism increases from 15 to 30 per 100000 users each year in brands which contain the newer progestogens.
Bevacizumab for advanced cervical cancer: patient-reported outcomes of a randomised, phase 3 trial (NRG Oncology–Gynecologic Oncology Group protocol 240)
Authors: Richard T Penson, Helen Q Huang, Lari B Wenzel, Bradley J Monk, Sharon Stockman, Harry J Long, Lois M Ramondetta, Lisa M Landrum, Ana Oaknin, Thomas J A Reid, Mario M Leitao, Michael Method, Helen Michael, Krishnansu S Tewari
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Consumer organisation to fight for overhaul of NHS complaints system
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Healthwatch England, the independent body that represents users of health and social care, has pledged to fight for an overhaul of the “failing” NHS complaints system, after a survey showed that nearly half of people lacked confidence in the current system.

Katherine Rake, chief executive of Healthwatch, told the organisation’s first annual conference that the NHS complaints system was “incredibly complicated,” widely distrusted, and “not fit for purpose.”

She said that it left many people feeling dissatisfied, “intimidated,” and confused about who to complain to.

In addition, many people did not lodge complaints out of fear that it would affect how they were treated or because they believed that complaining would make no difference.

The organisation …
Adverse Functional Effects of Chemotherapy on Whole-Brain Metabolism
Authors: Jordan Sorokin, Babak Saboury, JinHyung Albert Ahn, Mateen Moghbel, Sandip Basu, Abass Alavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

With its unique ability to assess function through metabolism, FDG PET may provide key insight into the adverse effects of chemotherapy on the brain by shedding light on its cognitive and psychological consequences, a well-known phenomenon in cancer patients who undergo such treatments.Twenty-one patients with untreated non-Hodgkin lymphoma and no involvement of the central nervous system were selected from an existing database for this investigation. An adaptive threshold imaging software called ROVER was used to analyze and quantify FDG PET scans for assessing whole-brain metabolism. A 3D spherical region of interest was drawn surrounding the cerebral cortex, excluding subcortical and non-cortical areas.We noted a mean reduction of 1308.86 ± 394.74 SUV-cc (P = 0.03) in the whole-brain cortical glycolysis after standard chemotherapy, which translated to a decrease of 16.9 ± 5.04% (P = 0.03) in the measured structures.These results demonstrate the potential role of such adaptive quantitative techniques in studying underlying biological effects of chemotherapy and offer a promising avenue for future research in this field.
Liver regeneration after hepatic ischemia and reduced liver autotransplantation in the rat
Authors: Glynn Bolitho, Gert Engelbrecht, Zoe Lotz, Marilyn Tyler, Heather McLeod, Kaz Jaskiewicz, Rosemary Hickman
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Current knowledge of liver regeneration after reduced liver transplantation is limited. Warm ischemia is one component of the reduced liver transplantation procedure that could have an impact on the regenerative response. To study this effect, we performed partial hepatectomy on male Long-Evans rats, with animals divided into four groups: group 1 underwent partial hepatectomy only; group 2 underwent partial hepatectomy and 40 min of ischemia; group 3 underwent partial hepatectomy, 40 min of ischemia and portocaval shunt surgery; and group 4 underwent partial hepatectomy and orthotopic autograft surgery. Group 5 consisted of sham-operated animals. Animals were killed 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr after surgery. Thymidine kinase activity, mitotic index, a liver mass index and ornithine decarboxylase levels were used as parameters of liver regeneration. Aspartate transaminase was recorded. Maximal thymidine kinase and mitotic index were observed in group 1 animals at 24 hr. In groups 2, 3 and 4 maximal thymidine kinase activity and mitotic activity were observed 24 hr later at 48 hr. The magnitude of the peak response in these groups appeared to correlate with the duration of portal venous occlusion, with greatest increases occurring in those groups where portal stasis was most prolonged. The increase in liver mass for these groups was also delayed with respect to group 1 animals. The anticipated peak in ornithine decarboxylase levels was seen at 4 hr in group 1. The ornithine decarboxylase response in the other groups was disorganized, with delay of the recorded peaks.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)