tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Increased exhaled nitric oxide among workers exposed to metalworking fluid aerosol
Authors: Marianne Andersson, Jonas Brisman, Oscar Hammar, Anna Dahlman-Höglund, Anna-Carin Olin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background   Recent outbreaks of respiratory symptoms among workers, including dry cough, asthma symptoms and pneumonitis, exposed to metal working fluids (MWF), has initiated a cohort-study of 200 exposed and 75 unexposed workers. The exposure is complex and it is yet unknown what causes the respiratory symptoms, i.e. the levels of aerosol exposure, chemical or bacterial components of the MWF.   Aim   The overall aim is to identify and reduce harmful exposures among machine workers exposed to MWF aerosols. In this subproject we wanted to examine if repeated measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) discriminate subjects who develop airway inflammation after exposure.   Methods   A subgroup of 16 exposed workers, in whom personal exposure measurements were performed, were examined with FENO directly after summer vacation and after a working period of at least 8 continues days. Subjects with upper respiratory tract infection within three weeks were excluded, as well as smokers and snuffers. FENO was measured with NIOX MINO®.   Results   FENO increased in 13 out of 16 subjects, the median FENO directly after holidays was 14 ppb and 16.5 ppb after the working-period. The increase was higher among those who had an initial higher FENO value. The mean increase of FENO was 38% (95% CI 16-60 %),analyzed with a paired t-test.   Conclusions   FENO increased substantially after exposure to MWF in most subjects. Repeated measurements of FENO in workers seem to be a relevant method to identify subjects with airway inflammation after exposure to MWF. When more subjects have been included in the study, FENO may also help to sort out what characteristics of the exposure can be associated with airway inflammation.
Non-Fibroatheroma Lesion Phenotype and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Tomotaka Dohi, Gary S. Mintz, John A. McPherson, Bernard de Bruyne, Naim Z. Farhat, Alexandra J. Lansky, Roxana Mehran, Giora Weisz, Ke Xu, Gregg W. Stone, Akiko Maehara
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2013)
Proliferative Responses of Mouse Mammary Glands to 17&lt;italic&gt;β&lt;/italic&gt;-Estradiol and Progesterone and Modification by Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus
Authors: Audrey E. Lee
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Journal Article Proliferative Responses of Mouse Mammary Glands to 17β-Estradiol and Progesterone and Modification by Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Get access Audrey E. Lee Audrey E. Lee 2Hormone Physiology Department, Imperial Cancer Research Fund, P. O. Box 123. Lincoln's Inn Fields, London, WC2A 3PX, United Kingdom Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 71, Issue 6, December 1983, Pages 1265–1269, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/71.6.1265 Published: 01 December 1983 Article history Received: 08 February 1983 Accepted: 14 July 1983 Published: 01 December 1983
Risk of incident atrial fibrillation in gout: a cohort study
Authors: Seoyoung C Kim, Jun Liu, Daniel H Solomon
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality. Recent studies suggest an association between inflammation, hyperuricaemia and AF, but little is known whether gout is associated with AF risk.Using data from a US commercial insurance plan (2004-2013), we conducted a cohort study to evaluate the risk of incident AF in patients with gout versus osteoarthritis. Patients with gout or osteoarthritis were identified with ≥2 diagnoses and ≥1 dispensing for gout or osteoarthritis medications. Incident AF was defined as a new AF diagnosis and a new dispensing for anticoagulants or antiarrhythmics. The risk of incident AF in gout was also compared with the non-gout group.We identified 70 015 patients with gout and 210 045 with osteoarthritis, matched on age, sex and index date. The mean age was 57 years, and 81% were men. Over the mean 2-year follow-up, the incidence rate of AF per 1000 person-years was 7.19 in gout and 5.87 in osteoarthritis. The age, sex and index date-matched HR of AF was 1.23 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.32) in gout versus osteoarthritis. In a multivariable Cox regression, adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, medications and healthcare usage, the HR of AF in gout was 1.13 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.23). When compared with non-gout, the multivariable HR of AF in gout was also increased (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.33).In this large population-based cohort study, gout was associated with a modestly increased risk of incident AF compared with osteoarthritis and non-gout after adjusting for other risk factors.
Correlation of specific immune responses with survival in melanoma patients with distant metastases receiving polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine.
Authors: E C Hsueh, R K Gupta, K Qi, D L Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE The mechanisms that underlie the clinical efficacy of melanoma vaccines are not well understood. We hypothesized that the type and strength of the immune response generated by CancerVax (John Wayne Cancer Institute, Santa Monica, CA), a polyvalent melanoma cell vaccine (PMCV), might be correlated with its effect on overall survival (OS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-seven patients began PMCV therapy after complete surgical resection of distant metastatic melanoma. During the first two treatments, PMCV was administered with bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Blood was drawn at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks to measure serum titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies against a tumor-associated 90-kd glycoprotein antigen (TA90) expressed on most melanoma cells, including those of PMCV. Cellular immune response to PMCV was assessed by delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH). General immune competence was assessed by skin tests to purified protein derivative (PPD), mumps, and candida. RESULTS Median follow-up time was 31.5 months. Within the first 12 weeks of PMCV immunotherapy, there was a significant increase in the anti-TA90 IgM (P=.0001) and IgG titers (P=.0001), and in the DTH response to PMCV (P=.0001). Univariate analysis showed that high anti-TA90 IgM titer and strong PMCV-DTH were associated with improved survival (P=.051 and .0173, respectively), whereas elevated anti-TA90 IgG was correlated with decreased survival (P=.0119). Multivariate analysis considering clinical variables and PMCV immune responses identified anti-TA90 IgM, anti-TA90 IgG, and PMCV-DTH as significant independent variables influencing survival following PMCV immunotherapy (P=.0342, .0105, and .0082, respectively). These responses to PMCV were not correlated with immune responses to BCG and therefore were not a manifestation of general immune competence for responses to unrelated antigens. The median survival time and 5-year survival rate were more than 76 months and 75%, respectively, if both anti-TA90 IgM and PMCV-DTH responses were strong (&gt; or = 800 and &gt; or = 7 mm, respectively; n=29); 32 months and 36%, respectively, if only one response was strong (n=35); and 19 months and 8%, respectively, if neither was strong (n=13) (P &lt; .0001). CONCLUSION PMCV induces both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to melanoma-associated tumor antigens, the type and strength of which appear to be directly related to its therapeutic efficacy.
Phase II study of pentostatin and intermittent high-dose recombinant interferon alfa-2a in advanced mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome.
Authors: F M Foss, D C Ihde, D L Breneman, R M Phelps, A B Fischmann, G P Schechter, I Linnoila, J C Breneman, J D Cotelingam, B C Ghosh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE This phase II study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and toxicity of alternating administration of pentostatin (deoxycoformycin [DCF]) and interferon alfa-2a (IFN) in patients with advanced or refractory mycosis fungoides (MF) or the Sézary syndrome (SS). PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-one patients underwent therapy with alternating cycles of DCF 4 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) days 1 through 3 and IFN 10 million U/m2 intramuscularly (IM) day 22, and 50 million U/m2 intramuscularly (IM) days 23 through 26. Twenty-nine patients had not responded to prior chemotherapy or total-skin electron-beam irradiation (TSEB), six had not responded to topical therapies, and six had no previous treatment. RESULTS Two patients achieved a complete response (CR) and 15 achieved a partial response (PR), for an overall response rate of 41% (95% confidence interval, 26% to 58%). No responses were observed in the seven patients with visceral involvement. The median progression-free survival of patients who responded was 13.1 months. IFN-related constitutional symptoms were reported in 39% of patients; severe toxicities included cardiomyopathy in one patient, acute and chronic pulmonary dysfunction in four, and reversible mental status changes in two. Seven patients developed herpes zoster during therapy and six had staphylococcal bacteremia. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the combination of DCF and IFN is an active regimen in MF patients without visceral involvement.
121. Targeted Gene Therapy in the Treatment of X-Linked Hyper IgM Syndrome
Authors: Caroline Y. Kuo, Megan D. Hoban, Alok V. Joglekar, Courtney S. Young, John Kleinman, Alison N. Abele, Donald B. Kohn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2015)

X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (XHIM) is a primary immunodeficiency due to defects in immunoglobulin class switch recombination caused by mutations in the CD40 ligand (CD40L) gene. Previous gene therapy-based studies have investigated the use of retroviral vectors for delivery of CD40L cDNA. Due to uncontrolled expression of the gene, this method resulted in significant abnormal lymphoproliferation in mouse models, emphasizing the need for alternative strategies. Site-specific genome modification provides the promise for correction of the gene under the regulation of its endogenous enhancer and promoter. To this end, we have designed TALENs targeting the 5' UTR of the CD40L gene and demonstrated allelic disruption levels upwards of 30% in K562 cells, T cells, and CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. As a model for targeted insertion of a transgene, a promoterless GFP cassette flanked by homology arms to the cut site was delivered alongside the TALEN plasmid pair to cell lines and demonstrated proper integration of the cassette at the 5'UTR locus. To evaluate the regulation of the CD40L locus, Jurkat cells were treated with TALENs and a GFP homology donor and revealed up to 10% GFP positive cells by flow. Upon immune stimulation with PHA, these cells increased their expression at the CD40L locus as seen by a 2-fold increase in GFP percentage. Following demonstration of targeted integration at CD40L, a cDNA cassette was delivered alongside the TALENs to cell lines. Exon-spanning PCR revealed proper homologous recombination into the target site for the length of the cDNA. In addition, we have generated CRISPRs targeting a patient-specific mutation in intron 3 and demonstrated greater than 50% targeted cleavage in K562 cells. Co-delivery of a donor template demonstrated site-specific gene correction by measuring a polymorphism included in the donor template. This work provides the foundation for moving forward with methods for site-specific modification at CD40L as a potential therapy for immune reconstitution in XHIM.
OC-074 Major improvement in the stage profile of tumours diagnosed in the NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme: Abstract OC-074
Authors: E F Taylor, E J A Morris, J D Thomas, P Quirke, D Forman, M P Coleman, B Rachet, J Patnick
Journal: Gut (2010)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Regular screening has been shown to reduce the risk of dying from colorectal cancer by 16% and, in consequence, the NHS has established a new screening programme that aims to reduce mortality from this disease. This NHS Bowel Cancer Screening Programme (BCSP) collects detailed information about all screening participants. These data have been linked to the National Cancer Data Repository (NCDR)1 enabling tumours identified via the screening programme to be identified within a population-based data set of all the other colorectal tumours diagnosed in England. <h3>Methods</h3> The NHS BCSP began in 2006 with a staged roll-out across England. The NCDR is currently complete up until the end of 2006 but will soon be extended to include tumours diagnosed in 2007. The current overlap between the two data sets allows an early snapshot of the benefits of the BCSP. Comparison of Dukes stage was performed in the screen detected and non-screen detected cancer populations. These analyses will be repeated on a larger data set once the 2007 tumours are available in the NCDR. <h3>Results</h3> Comparison of the Dukes stage distribution of cancers from the screened and non-screened populations in the current data set demonstrates a significant stage shift. In the general population across all ages 93.2% of all colorectal cancer patients with Dukes A disease at diagnosis survive 5 years compared to 6.6% of Dukes D patients2 suggesting this stage shift will significantly improve outcomes. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The introduction of the NHS BCSP has led to a significant stage shift between the non-screen and screen detected colorectal cancer populations. This study will go on to calculate the relative survival3 of the screen and non-screen detected colorectal cancer populations and use this information to calculate the number of premature deaths that could be avoided by the introduction of the NHS BCSP.
Dual Release Carriers for Cochlear Delivery
Authors: Sahar Rahmani, Astin M. Ross, Tae‐Hong Park, Hakan Durmaz, Acacia F. Dishman, Diane M. Prieskorn, Nathan Jones, Richard A. Altschuler, Joerg Lahann
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The fabrication of a carrier system capable of selectively encapsulating two therapeutics, piribedil and glial cell derived neurotrophic factor, in select compartments, and the programming of their independent release rates is investigated. The characterization of these particles, the release of each therapeutic, and the persistence of the particles within Guinea pig cochlea are assessed.
Radiolabeled Antitumor Antibodies. I. Antibody-Specific and ImmunoglobulinSpecific Binding Sites on Moloney Lymphoma Cells (LSTRA)2
Authors: S. Nord, I.L. Weissman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Radiolabeled Antitumor Antibodies. I. Antibody-Specific and ImmunoglobulinSpecific Binding Sites on Moloney Lymphoma Cells (LSTRA) Get access S. Nord, S. Nord Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar I.L. Weissman I.L. Weissman 5Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Department of Pathology, Stanford Medical School, , Stanford, Calif. 94305. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 1, July 1974, Pages 117–124, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.1.117 Published: 01 July 1974 Article history Received: 11 September 1973 Revision received: 07 February 1974 Accepted: 19 March 1974 Published: 01 July 1974
Abstract 2583: Successful Use Of Immune Monitoring (Cylex) In Heart Trasnplantation For Rejection And Infection Risk
Authors: Jon Kobashigawa, Krista Kiyosaki, Bernard Kubak, Jignesh Patel, Michelle Kittleson, Abbas Ardehali
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: An unmet need in heart transplantation (HTx) has been the lack of a reliable immune monitoring test to indicate recipient immunoresponsiveness (IR). Trough immunosuppression blood levels do not reflect a recipient’s IR state. Recently, immune monitoring with Cylex (measure of ATP levels from activated lymphocytes) has been reported to predict risk of rejection or infection in kidney transplant patients. We now review our experience with immune monitoring and clinical course after HTx. Methods: Between 2005 and 2007, 41 HTx patients had 82 immune monitoring assays obtained from 12 to 3034 days after HTx. ATP activity was graded as low IR (&lt;225 ng/ml), moderate IR (225–525 ng/ml), or high IR (&gt;525 ng/ml). Immune monitoring scores were correlated to infection and rejection episodes. All patients were treated with triple drug immunosuppression (tacrolimus, mycophenolate, and corticosteroids). Results: For infectious episodes (n=34), immune monitoring scores &lt;225 were found in 18/25 (72%) samples, compared to 16/57 (28%) samples &gt;225, p &lt; 0.001. The average immune monitoring score during infection compared to those samples without infection was 259 vs. 378, p &lt;0.001. For rejection episodes (n=6), immune monitoring scores &lt;225 were found in 0/24 (0%) samples compared to 6/58 (10%) samples &gt;225, p = 0.101. The average immune monitoring score during rejection compared to those scores without rejection was 454 vs. 318, p = 0.041. There were 34 infections (1 parasitic, 8 viral, 13 bacterial, and 12 fungal infections). Conclusion: Immune monitoring with Cylex for HTx patients appears to reflect the degree of recipient IR state and risk for rejection and infection.
Usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging with optimized conventional and non-conventional sequences in the assessment of solitary pulmonary nodules and large size lesions: Preliminary experience
Authors: Salvatore Costantino, Alessandro Giuseppe Fois, Barbara Piras, Giorgio Bagella, Vincenzo Marras, Giovanni Mario Pes, Maurizio Conti, Pietro Pirina
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Despite the current availability of diagnostic procedures, the diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules still remains challenging. The aim of this clinical study is to evaluate the lung magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with focused conventional sequences and diffusion weighted imaging.  Methods: we assessed 55 subjects with pulmonary lesions under blinded conditions using a MRI scanner. The exam was carried out with diffusion-weighted sequences (B500 and B1000 DWIBS) and ADC map with a qualitative and quantitative study.  Results: Out of 5 mm nodules (n=23) studied with DWIBS, 16 did not show abnormalities and were unchanged in 1 year follow-up and 3 were not identified compared with CT. DWIBS was positive in 2 cases, false-positive in 1 case and false-negative in 1 case. In 32 lesions >10 mm, histologically confirmed, DWIBS helped the biopsy planning, the definition of neoplastic tissue within atelectatic lung parenchyma, the differentiation of parietal pleura from pleural effusion and the characterization of mediastinal lymph nodes.  Conclusion: The study on large size lesions and nodules showed a considerable statistical significance (p
Na/K-ATPase in Intercalated Cells along the Rat Nephron Revealed by Antigen Retrieval
Authors: IVAN SABOLIĆ, CAROL M. HERAK-KRAMBERGER, SYLVIE BRETON, DENNIS BROWN
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1999)

Abstract. The Na/K-ATPase plays a fundamental role in the physiology of various mammalian cells. In the kidney, previous immunocytochemical studies have localized this protein to the basolateral membrane in different tubule segments. However, intercalated cells (IC) of the collecting duct (CD) in rat and mouse were unlabeled with anti-Na/K-ATPase antibodies. An antigen retrieval technique has been recently described in which tissue sections are pretreated with sodium dodecyl sulfate before immunostaining. This procedure was used to reexamine the presence of Na/K-ATPase in IC along the rat nephron using monoclonal antibodies against the Na/K-ATPase α-subunit. Subtypes of IC along the nephron were identified by their distinctive staining with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to the 31-kD vacuolar H + -ATPase subunit, whereas principal cells (PC) were labeled with a polyclonal antibody to the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP-4). In PC, the Na/K-ATPase and AQP-4 staining colocalized basolaterally. In contrast to previous reports, we found that IC of all types showed basolateral labeling with the anti-Na/K-ATPase antibody. The staining was quantified by fluorescence image analysis. It was weak to moderate in IC of cortical and outer medullary collecting ducts and most intense in IC of the initial inner medullary collecting duct. IC in the initial inner medulla showed a staining intensity that was equivalent or stronger to that in adjacent principal cells. Models of ion transport at the cellular and epithelial level in rat kidney, therefore, must take into account the potential role of a basolateral Na/K-ATPase in intercalated cell function.
Tumor Induction in Transplanted Mammary Glands in Rats2
Authors: Thomas L. Dao, Yoshimori Tanaka, Daniel Gawlak
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Mammary glands were successfully transplanted from randombred Sprague-Dawley rats to recipients, irrespective of whether the transplants were autografts or homografts. Homologous transplantation of mammary glands was successful in both littermates and nonlittermates. Surviving grafts had the histological appearance of normal mammary glands and functioned like the normal mammary glands of the recipients. The grafts showed extensive lobular-alveolar growth, secreted milk when the graft-bearing rats were pregnant, and atrophied, as the mammary glands of the recipients did, when their ovaries were removed. When female rats were fed a single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) and their mammary glands were subsequently transplanted into female recipients, mammary cancer developed in the mammary grafts in the hosts. Mammary cancer developed in a gland transplanted to a recipient as soon as 4 hours after the donor was fed a single dose of DMBA. The incidence of tumors was significantly lower in mammary grafts from male donors than from female donors. Mammary tumors developing in such grafts are hormone-dependent, since they regress after excision of the ovaries.
Simultaneous retroperitoneal, thoracic, and cervical resection of postchemotherapy residual masses in patients with metastatic nonseminomatous germ cell tumors of the testis.
Authors: P C Brenner, H W Herr, M J Morse, J Sheinfeld, A Aprikian, G J Bosl, R J Motzer, D F Bajorin, S Schantz, W R Fair, M Burt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

We report our experience with simultaneous resection of residual masses above and below the diaphragm in patients with metastatic nomseminomatous germ cell tumor (NSGCT) of the testis.Twenty-four patients underwent simultaneous resection of residual postchemotherapy masses in the retroperitoneum and chest, including three who also had radical neck dissection. All had been heavily pretreated with chemotherapy and five had undergone previous retroperitoneal lymph node dissections (RPLNDs).The combined procedure was performed with no mortality and low morbidity. The median length of the procedure was 5 hours 45 minutes, median blood loss 500 mL, and median length of hospital stay 9 days. Complications included one patient with chylous ascites and one with a prolonged air leak, both of which resolved with conservative management. Eighteen patients had similar pathologic findings in all sites: 13 with necrosis only and five with teratoma only. Six patients had discordant pathology in the abdomen and chest, including one with viable tumor in the chest only and two with viable tumor in the abdomen only. The overall actuarial 5-year survival rate for all patients was 79%.Simultaneous resection of neck, chest, and abdominal residual masses after chemotherapy for germ cell tumors is both a feasible and safe alternative to staged excision in selected patients who require surgical intervention at multiple sites and fulfills the objective of rendering patients disease-free in a single operative procedure.