tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Identification of an immunosuppressive epitope of type II collagen that confers protection against collagen-induced arthritis.
Authors: L K Myers, J M Stuart, J M Seyer, A H Kang
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

We have previously reported that collagen-induced arthritis can be suppressed by intravenous injection of native type II (CII) but not type I collagen. We have now identified denatured fragments of CII capable of suppressing collagen-induced arthritis and inducing tolerance. Purified CII was cleaved with cyanogen bromide (CB), and the major resulting peptides were isolated. Female DBA/1 mice were administered OVA, native CII, or one of the CB peptides, intravenously, before immunization with native CII, 6 wk after immunization, mice tolerized with CII and CB11 had a markedly lower incidence of arthritis compared with controls. There was a correlation between the overall antibody response and the incidence of arthritis. In addition, animals tolerized with either CII or CB11 had a decreased antibody response not only to CII, but also to each of the other CB peptides tested. To identify the epitope involved in suppression of arthritis, five synthetic peptides, 21-26 amino acids in length, corresponding to selected regions of CB11, were generated. Each of the peptides was injected intravenously into mice before immunization. Only one of these, CB11 122-147, was capable of suppressing arthritis. In addition, mice given the synthetic peptide CB11 122-147 neonatally were suppressed for arthritis and antibody responsiveness when immunized with CII at 8 wk of age. Thus, we have identified CB11 122-147 as an epitope of CII important in induction of tolerance and suppression of disease. Further experiments narrowing down the pivotal amino acids for the immunogenicity of this epitope and the role this epitope plays in induction and regulation of disease will enhance our understanding of how the immune response to collagen affects autoimmune arthritis.
Cardiac Memory in Canine Atrium
Authors: Bengt Herweg, Fang Chang, Parag Chandra, Peter Danilo, Michael R. Rosen
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Memory is a diverse biological phenomenon whose importance in the ventricle has been demonstrated. We hypothesized its occurrence in the atrium, contributing to the modulation of cardiac rhythm. Methods and Results —We analyzed P and Ta waves in conscious chronically instrumented dogs with complete heart block. Animals were atrioventricularly sequentially paced at 5% greater than the sinus rate from the lateral right atrium (RA) during control, followed by 2 periods of 1-hour test pacing at 50% greater than the sinus rate, or by equivalent test pacing from the left atrial appendage (LAA) at 5% or 50% greater than the sinus rate. Recovery RA pacing periods of 20- and 30-minute duration, respectively, succeeded each test pacing period. RA test pacing at either rate did not affect the variables measured, but changing the pacing site from RA to LAA altered the P and Ta waves. Displacement of the spatial atrial gradient vector occurred during recovery from LAA pacing, was more marked at rapid pacing rates, and manifested accumulation and resolution consistent with cardiac memory. Concurrently, the right effective refractory period decreased. Conclusions —Memory is demonstrable in canine atrium, showing rapid onset, accumulation during successive pacing periods, and resolution on cessation of pacing. Given its association with a reduced effective refractory period, it may contribute to the substrate for atrial arrhythmias.
Clinical and angiographic determinants of primary coronary angioplasty success
Authors: Michael P. Savage, Sheldon Goldberg, John W. Hirshfeld, Theodore A. Bass, Robert G. MacDonald, James R. Margolis, Andrew S. Taussig, George Vetrovec, Hall B. Whitworth, Andrew Zalewski, James A. Hill, Michael Cowley, Ralph Jugo, Carl J. Pepine
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Advances in targeted therapies X
Authors: F C Breedveld, J R Kalden, J S Smolen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2008)

The papers brought together in this supplement of the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases constitute summaries of presentations at the tenth International Symposium on Advances in Targeted Therapies , which was held from 2 April until 6 April 2008. These presentations represent the state of the art on the biology of mechanisms of action and pathophysiology of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) as well as other important mediators of inflammation. Current knowledge on the means and consequences of blocking TNF or other molecules or cellular mechanisms is also presented.

We are grateful to Drs Crofford, …
Herbal supplements and skin testing: the lack of effect of commonly used herbal supplements on histamine skin prick testing
Authors: D. R. More, D. C. Napoli, L. L. Hagan
Journal: Allergy (2003)

Background: The use of herbal supplements is common, yet little is known about their pharmacologic properties. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of 23 commonly used herbal supplements on histamine skin prick testing (SPT). Methods: Fifteen healthy volunteers participated in a double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, single‐dose, crossover study. Wheal and flare responses to SPT with histamine phosphate (1 mg/ml) were measured before and 4 h after administration of each of the 23 popular herbal supplements, fexofenadine (60 mg) and placebo. Wheal and flare areas were recorded with tracings performed 10 min after the prick test and measured with a PC‐digitizer using stereometric software. Results: Fexofenadine significantly suppressed the wheal ( P &lt; 0.001) and flare ( P = 0.02) areas compared with placebo. None of the herbal supplements caused significant suppression of the wheal and flare areas compared with placebo ( P &gt; 0.10). Conclusion: When taken in single‐doses, the popular herbal supplements tested did not significantly affect the histamine skin response. Therefore, it seems unnecessary for clinicians to ask patients to discontinue these herbal supplements prior to allergy skin testing.
Assessment of Nonoccupational Exposure to DDT in the Tropics and the North: Relevance of Uptake via Inhalation from Indoor Residual Spraying
Authors: Roland Ritter, Martin Scheringer, Matthew MacLeod, Konrad Hungerbühler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

People who live in dwellings treated with indoor residual spraying (IRS) of DDT [1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane] for disease-vector control in the tropics and indigenous populations in the Arctic who consume marine mammals experience high nonoccupational exposure to DDT. Although the use of DDT in IRS is rising, the resulting nonoccupational exposure is poorly characterized.We have provided a comparative assessment of exposure to DDT and its metabolites in the general population of the tropical and northern regions and in highly exposed populations in these regions.We compiled > 600 average or median DDT concentrations from the peer-reviewed literature, representing > 23,000 individual measurements in humans, food, air, soil, and dust. We use Monte Carlo sampling of distributions based on these data to estimate distributions of population- and route-specific uptake. We evaluate our exposure estimates by comparing them with biomonitoring data.DDT concentrations are highest in people living in IRS-treated houses and lowest in the northern general population, differing by a factor of about 60. Inuits and the general population in the tropics have similar concentrations. Inhalation exposure explains most of the difference in concentration between the highly exposed and the general population in the Tropics. Calculated exposure levels are consistent with human biomonitoring data.Nonoccupational inhalation exposure is a relevant exposure pathway for people living in homes treated by IRS of DDT. Continued monitoring of time trends and DDE to DDT ratios in the Tropics and in the North is needed to identify a possible slowdown in concentration decline and the influence of ongoing DDT use.
Ellenberg and Rifkin's Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Barry Z. Izenstein
Journal: JAMA (1997)

Diabetes Mellitus Sporting a new look with a glossy finish, a new editor (R.S.S.), many new contributors, and a new publisher, the fifth edition of this comprehensive textbook of diabetes mellitus outshines its predecessors. The editors have done a commendable job again bridging basic science and clinical medicine. Their authors have brought us up to date, since the previous edition in 1990, on the rapid changes in the field. All the latest information is here within the cover of one book: the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial and its implications for patient management, newer hypoglycemic agents, islet and pancreas transplantation. Furthermore, more than appealing just to the endocrinologist or diabetologist, this book provides linkage to other specialists who care for patients with diabetes. As in the previous editions, this textbook might appeal to a wide range of readers: researchers, internists, family physicians, obstetricians, and surgeons. The first 19 chapters (355
Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in Postprostatectomy Erectile Dysfunction: A Critical Analysis of the Basic Science Rationale and Clinical Application
Authors: Konstantinos Hatzimouratidis, Arthur L. Burnett, Dimitrios Hatzichristou, Andrew R. McCullough, Francesco Montorsi, John P. Mulhall
Journal: European Urology (2008)
Gefitinib-Sensitizing Mutations in Esophageal Carcinoma
Authors: Mingzhou Guo, Shuang Liu, Fengmin Lu
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: The sensitivity of lung cancer to gefitinib has been found to be associated with mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR),1–3 yet similar ob...
Duodenum-penetrating toothpick with liver abscess: removal with single-balloon enteroscopy
Authors: M.-J. Hsieh, T.-C. Lee, C.-H. Tseng, T.-H. Lin, K.-L. Liu, S.-Y. Chen, H.-P. Wang
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

A 43-year-old man with a 1-month history of intermittent cramping upper abdominal pain visited our emergency department because of sudden onset of fever and chills. He had not previously had any underlying disease. On his arrival, physical examination revealed shortness of breath with hypotension and tachycardia. Laboratory data demonstrated leukocytosis with left shifting. Arterial blood gas measurement revealed metabolic acidosis. Elevated transaminases were noted. Contrast-enhanced axial computed tomography (CT) disclosed a huge liver abscess and a spotty hyperdensity ([Figs. 1], [2]).
Gastric emptying in coeliac disease.
Authors: A N Hamlyn, K McKenna, A P Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Postpartum acute renal failure: possible role for endarterial urokinase Late postpartum acute renal failure is a rare complication of the puerperium, which, together with its insidious onset, probably explains why renal damage is generally irreversible by the time of diagnosis.It is important to note that the fully developed syndrome is usually preceded by definite, albeit non-specific, prodromal sym- toms. Case reportA 26-year-old gravida 5 (group A, rr; HLA 1, 2, and 8, W39) appeared to be well aft_r an uncomplicated pregnancy.Two weeks post partum, however, she developed headaches and mild ankle oedema, and four weeks later she became anuric.Plasma urea was 48 mmol/l (289 mg/100 ml), haemoglobin was 7-1 g/dl, fragmented red cells were seen, platelets were 160 K 109/1 (160 000/mm3), and plasma fibrinogen was 7-5 g/l.Renal biopsy showed fibrin deposition in the afferent arterioles and interlobular arteries but no evidence of complement or immunoglobulin deposition.Bilateral renal arteriography showed symmetrical poor blood flow to the kidneys with no filling of the terminal branches.The catheters were left in position and 50 000 U urokinase was infused in bolus doses every eight hours to the non-biopsied kidney.A continuous infusion of heparin 50 U/hour was maintained to each side.Repeat angiography showed an increase in blood flow on the treated side only (figure).The catheters were removed on the third day.Only small volumes of urine were passed (300-400 ml/day), and peritoneal dialysis was begun.The plasma fibrinogen concentration remained raised (9-6 g/l), and fibrinolysis, as measured by the euglobulin lysis time, was reduced (patient 6 h; control 2 h).An induction dose of ancrod 1 U/kg body weight, was given by infusion over 12 hours, and the plasma fibrinogen concentration fell to 7-5 g/l.The same dose repeated as a bolus reduced the concentration to 0-85 g/l.Ancrod was used at intervals of three to seven days but the fibrinogen concentration recovered at a rate of 0-1 ±0-02 g/l daily after each dose.After four weeks the plasma fibrinogen stabilised at 5-8 g/l.Fibrinogen turnover studies then showed a pool of
Euthanasia and other end-of-life decisions in the Netherlands in 1990, 1995, and 2001
Authors: Bregje D Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Aǵnes van der Heide, Dirk Koper, Inǵeborg Keij-Deerenberg, Judith AC Rietjens, Mette L Rurup, Astrid M Vrakking, Jean Jacques Georges, Martien T Muller, Gerrit van der Wal, Paul J van der Maas
Journal: The Lancet (2003)
Editors Whose Deeds Excelled
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

What influence, if any, does the editor of a professional journal exert on the medical practice of his day? He can of course, because of the prerogatives of his position, exploit precious page space to urge caution, to beat his lexical drum for action, or to ask rhetorical questions such as the one that begins this paragraph. The response of the reader, however, depends less on the logic of the editor's words than on the reader's convictions. He who agrees nods with satisfied approval. He who feels challenged writes a scathing letter. Many a subscriber skips editorials entirely (I always . . .
Placidyl® and Pulmonary Edema
Authors: P. VAN SWEARINGEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Correction1 May 1976Placidyl® and Pulmonary EdemaP. VAN SWEARINGEN, M.D.P. VAN SWEARINGEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-84-5-614_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the January issue, two cases of pulmonary edema associated with intravenous Placidyl® injection were reported by Glauser and associates (Ann Intern Med84:46-48, 1976). The symptoms and hospital course of the two patients were very similar and suggest features of a syndrome that one may use in practice to differentiate the cause of respiratory distress syndrome in young adults. Particularly, the patients noted a minty taste in the mouth, immediate shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, and a period of unconsciousness lasting from 17 to 20 hours. The hospital course was one of rapid improvement through 24... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 940 Margaret Place Shreveport, LA 71101 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPulmonary Reactions from Illicit Substance AbuseBilateral Exudative Pleural Effusions Following Intravenous Ethchlorvynol AdministrationEthchlorvynol-lnduced Pulmonary Edema: A Chronically Instrumented, Awake Sheep Model Mimicking Human DiseasePulmonary edema induced by intravenous ethchlorvynolDiagnosis and Treatment of Drug OverdoseCAUSES OF THE ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME—CLINICAL RECOGNITIONIntravenous Ethchlorvynol-Induced Pulmonary Edema 1 May 1976Volume 84, Issue 5Page: 614-615KeywordsDyspneaEdemaMouthRespiratory distress syndromeTasteYoung adults Issue Published: 1 May 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Risk of gastrointestinal effects with COX-2 inhibitors and NSAIDs: Study conclusions do not reflect findings for celecoxib
Authors: Joe Feczko
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Rationing in response to NHS deficits: rural patients are likely to be affected most See News, p 1426Editor-News that pressing financial problems have caused NHS trusts in Suffolk to set new "thresholds" to treatments such as joint replacements reinforces concerns raised by a recent BMA survey of medical directors of trusts in which over a third of respondents anticipated reductions of key services in response to funding shortfalls. 1 2 What has hitherto escaped comment is how cuts in services are far more likely to be felt in some parts of the country than others.Deficits in the NHS are invariably presented as a problem of financial mismanagement, but the pattern of deficits shows that the current resource allocation model discriminates against particular communities.According to the recently published accounts for 2004-5, 3 89 out of 303 (30%) English primary care trusts ended the year in deficit.The table shows how 301 of these trusts are distributed accorded to fifths of deprivation and rurality.Primary care trusts serving populations that are in both the most rural and the least deprived fifth were most likely to be in financial difficulties.Seventeen of the 25 (68%) in this category were in deficit.These trusts received the lowest funding allocation per head (£995).By contrast, only 3% (one of 34) of the primary care trusts serving populations that are in both the most urban and the most deprived fifths failed to break even in 2004-5.These trusts received the highest funding allocations per head (£1405).This shows that poor financial management can at best only partly explain why some trusts are in deficit.The pattern of deficits implies that NHS funding provides insufficient resources for rural areas, for comparatively affluent areas, and, most particularly, for areas that are both rural and affluent.The risk is that such measures will result in NHS services being subject to a new postcode lottery, in which rural residents are more likely to lose out.
Sudden Death of Athletes
Authors: Donald A. Weiner
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The stated purpose of this book is to "bring up-to-date earlier writings on the problem of fatal cardiac collapses associated with exercise." To this end, the author has written a 124-page book drawn primarily from his extensive experience with the maladies of athletes. The book is divided into six chapters reviewing the athlete's heart, sudden and unexpected death, collapse syndromes, the immunologic status of athletes, the aging heart, and the health value of exercise. The text is easy to read and can be digested fairly quickly. There are no tables or figures, which might have been helpful to summarize the results. Each chapter contains numerous examples of case histories of athletes, which were obtained from the author's or others' experiences. I found this format tedious and repetitious at times, as one case report followed another. One wonders about the author's selection of case reports as typical of "athletes" when he
RT-11 * MINIMAL ACUTE TOXICITIES FOLLOWING HIGH-DOSE PROTON THERAPY FOR SPINAL TUMORS
Authors: J. Jefferis, W. Hartsell, J. Chang, V. Gondi
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Proton therapy for spinal tumors can minimize acute toxicities by using posterior proton beams and positioning distal range anterior to target volume, which limits dose to anterior visceral structures. METHODS: All patients consecutively treated for a spinal tumor on a prospective registry at a single center were reviewed. Cases receiving concurrent cranial irradiation or sequential or concurrent chemotherapy were excluded. Proton plans were generated to ensure at least 95% prescription coverage of the planning target volume. Treatments were delivered at 1.8 CGyE/fraction. All patients were evaluated on a weekly basis and acute toxicities were prospectively graded using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. RESULTS: 19 patients received proton therapy for spinal tumors. Median age was 49 (range 12-74). 5 patients had chordoma/chondrosarcoma (dose range 70.4-75.8 CGyE); 1 patient had sarcoma (66.3 CGyE); 5 patients had a WHO grade II ependymoma (54.2-59.6 CGyE); 4 patients had a WHO grade I myxopapillary ependymoma (52.3-59.6 CGyE); 3 patients had benign or malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor (57.9-59.8 CGyE); and, 1 patient had hemangioma (50.5 CGyE). 16 patients developed grade 1 dermatitis. Grade 2 desquamation was observed in 2 patients (11%) treated to 72 CGyE, and grade 3 desquamation was observed in 1 patient (5%), treated to 75.8 CGyE. Aside from desquamation, no grade ≥2 acute toxicities were observed. 2 patients (11%) treated to ≥72 CGyE, developed grade 1 diarrhea. 2 patients (11%) treated to ≥72 CGyE developed grade 1 urinary frequency. 2 patients (11%) reported grade 1 fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: Proton therapy to >50 CGyE for spinal tumors is well tolerated, with no grade ≥2 non-dermatologic acute toxicities and grade 1 acute GI and GU toxicities only in patients treated to ≥72 CGyE. Dermatologic toxicities were observed in all patients, but severe only in patients treated to ≥72 CGyE.
Evidence that hospital care for acute myocardial infarction has not contributed to the decline in coronary mortality between 1973-1974 and 1978-1979.
Authors: L Goldman, F Cook, B Hashimotso, P Stone, J Muller, A Loscalzo
Journal: Circulation (1982)

To investigate whether the reported 17% decline in the national rates of acute ischemic heart disease mortality between 1973 and 1978 was attributable to decreased in-hospital mortality for patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI), we surveyed all 63 acute care hospitals in the Boston, Massachusetts, area. Compared with 1973-1974, more 1978-1979 MI patients were admitted to hospitals in metropolitan Boston, and especially to the five university teaching hospitals. Between 1973-1974 and 1978-1979, hospital admission rates decreased for younger patients and increased for older patients, but overall admission rates were almost identical. In-hospital mortality rates from acute MI did not change significantly in any age group. Because overall MI mortality was declining while in-hospital MI mortality was unchanged, the proportion of acute MI deaths that occurred inside the hospital increased from about 30% to about 40%. Although current hospital care undoubtedly benefits many individual patients, this study suggests that improvements in the in-hospital care of acute MI patients are a major explanation for nationwide mortality trends between 1973 and 1978.
BLASTOMYCOSIS IN TUBERCULOUS PATIENT
Authors: A. W. Stillians
Journal: JAMA (1953)

The complication of pulmonary and laryngeal tuberculosis by blastomycosis is rare and, so far as we can determine, has not been reported previously. It presents several problems of interest. REPORT OF A CASE A 31-year-old tool grinder was admitted to the Municipal Tuberculosis Sanitarium of Chicago on Aug. 1, 1946. His illness had begun in 1935. On admission, he had far advanced pulmonary tuberculosis, with infiltrations in the upper twothirds of both lungs, cavities bilaterally, and moderately severe tuberculosis of the larynx. Sputum contained tubercle bacilli.In the six months after admission, he made some improvement; his weight increased from 120.5 to 135.5 lb. (54.63 to 61.43 kg.), but the sputum continued to show bacilli. Late in February, 1947, an eruption developed on the skin of the left side of the patient's nose suggestive of infection. Hot wet packs applied frequently for two weeks had no beneficial effect, and the eruption