tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NINE TEST SCREENING BATTERY – INTRA-RATER RELIABILITY AND SCREENING ON ICELANDIC MALE HANDBALL PLAYERS
Authors: ET Rafnsson, A Frohm, G Myklebust, R Bahr, Ö Valdimarsson, Á Árnason
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Injuries are common in handball, but little is known about their risk factors. One potential screening test to identify player at risk is the Nine Test Screening Battery (NTSB). Objective To test the intra-rater reliability of the NTSB and compare the results from NTSB between subgroups in the cohort. Design Test-retest design used for the intra-rater reliability test of NTSB. Experimental design used for testing senior and national team players. Setting Icelandic male handball players. Participants A total of 50 junior players from 5 clubs participated in the intra-rater reliability test. Also, 115 seniorplayers from 13 of 16 teams in the two highest divisions in Iceland and 26 Icelandic national team players (8 playing abroad), participated. Main outcome of measurement Intra-rater reliability of NTSB. Difference in NTSB scores between subgroups. Results There was a strong intra-rater correlation between the test-retest sessions, ICC: 0.95 T1: 21.6±3.5 (95% CI: 20.7–22.6), T2: 22.0±3.4 (95% CI: 21.0–22.9). The retest had significantly higher total score than the first test (P=.041), indicating some learning effect. No difference was found in total score of NTSB between teams, level of play or different age and height groups. However, goalkeepers had higher total score than other players (P=.001). Observing NTSB separately, junior players had significantly less core stability than senior and national team players (tests 5-7, P≤.006) and more mobility in trunk and shoulders (tests 8-9, P&lt;.001). National team players were stronger in abdominal muscles (test 5, P=.003) and more flexible in active hip flexion (test 4, P=.03) than senior players in division 1 and 2. Conclusions NTSB seems to be reliable in test-retest, but some learning effect was noticed. Junior players showed less core stability and more trunk and shoulder mobility than senior players.
THE USE OF SULFADIAZINE AND SULFATHIAZOLE IN DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: CHARLES W. STYRON
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Treatment of 100 consecutive diabetic patients by means of sulfathiazole and sulfadiazine is here reported with respect to the toxicity of these drugs in diabetes mellitus, their effect on the control of diabetes and the efficiency of the treatment in various types of infection.  Sulfanilamide became generally available in 1937. It was found to be effective against beta hemolytic streptococci, meningococci, urinary tract infections, trachoma, chancroid and lymphogranuloma venereum. To a less extent it was effective in gonorrheal infections, undulant fever and actinomycosis. In 1939 sulfapyridine was widely and effectively used in pneumococcic infections and gonorrheal infections. In 1940 sulfathiazole proved more effective and less toxic in staphylococcic infections, and in 1941 sulfadiazine was introduced as even more efficient against all organisms than the drugs mentioned and, in addition, it was found active in Friedlander infections.  Recently Beardwood and Rouse 1 attributed three cases of diabetic acidosis to the administration
Contemplating the White Coat
Authors: William T. Branch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters6 July 1999Contemplating the White CoatWilliam T. Branch Jr., MDWilliam T. Branch Jr., MDEmory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA 30322 (Branch)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-1-199907060-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:In response to Dr. De Marco, I certainly agree that understanding achieved through self-reflection underlies the physician who is virtuous, caring, and beneficent. It is my belief that successfully educating physicians in the human side of medicine requires a combination of activities, including self-reflection, alongside acquiring knowledge and skills, particularly in patient–physician communication. This was the purpose of the reflective component of the “Patient-Doctor” course at Harvard Medical School. However, the question arises of how much of one's personal beliefs, religious faith, and preferences can be included officially in a medical school curriculum. It seemed to those of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: William T. BranchJr., MDAffiliations: Emory University School of Medicine; Atlanta, GA 30322 (Branch) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoOn White Coats and Professional Development: The Formal and the Hidden Curricula Delese Wear Contemplating the White Coat David G. De Marco Contemplating the White Coat Stewart P. Seigle Contemplating the White Coat Mark M. Paulsen Metrics Cited byDiscourses of student orientation to medical education programs 6 July 1999Volume 131, Issue 1Page: 74 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 6 July 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Knee Cartilage Regenerated With 3D-Printed Scaffold
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Researchers have replaced the knee’s meniscus, or protective lining, in sheep by implanting a 3D-printed scaffold infused with human growth factors that prompt the body to regenerate the lining on its own (Lee CH et al. Sci Transl Med. 2014;6[266]:266ra171).
Laminin-5 γ<sub>2</sub> Chain in Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Elisa Lappi-Blanco, Riitta Kaarteenaho-Wiik, Sirpa Salo, Raija Sormunen, Marko Määttä, Helena Autio-Harmainen, Ylermi Soini, Paavo Pääkkö
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Insufficient reepithelialization of injured alveolar walls may be important in the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Laminin-5 is expressed in epithelial cells of healing wounds, promoting cell attachment and migration. In this study we have studied the extent of reepithelialization of newly formed intraluminal connective tissue, the immunohistochemical expression and ultrastructural localization of the laminin-5 gamma2 chain protein, and the synthesis of the laminin-5 gamma2 chain mRNA in regenerating epithelial cells in cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP) and IPF. The results show that the mean extent of reepithelialization of intraluminal connective tissue lesions was 76% (SD, +/- 27%) in COP, and 54% (SD, +/- 23%) in IPF (p < 0.025). The laminin-5 gamma2 chain was synthesized and widely expressed in regenerating epithelial cells in both diseases. Immunohistochemistry for surfactant-associated protein A suggests a pneumocyte origin for the regenerating epithelial cells in IPF. It is concluded that both in COP and IPF, regenerating epithelial cells are capable of synthesizing the laminin-5 gamma2 chain needed for adhesive connections to the underlying basement membrane. However, in IPF, the reepithelialization seems to be disturbed or delayed.
Diesel exhaust particles suppress macrophage function and slow the pulmonary clearance of Listeria monocytogenes in rats.
Authors: H M Yang, J M Antonini, M W Barger, L Butterworth, B R Roberts, J K Ma, V Castranova, J Y Ma
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

In this study, we tested the hypothesis that exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) may increase susceptibility of the host to pulmonary infection. Male Sprague-Dawley rats received a single dose of DEP (5 mg/kg), carbon black (CB, 5 mg/kg), or saline intratracheally. Three days later, the rats were inoculated intratracheally with approximately 5,000 Listeria monocytogenes and sacrificed at 3, 5, and 7 days postinfection, and we determined the number of viable Listeria in the left lobe of lungs. The remaining lungs underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and the retrieved BAL cells were identified and counted. Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence, a measure of reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, generated by BAL cells was monitored and the levels of nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[alpha] produced by macrophages in culture were determined. At 7 days postinfection, we excised the lung-draining lymph nodes and phenotyped the lymphocyte subpopulations. Exposure of rats to DEP, but not to CB, decreased the clearance of Listeria from the lungs. Listeria-induced generation of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence by pulmonary phagocytes decreased by exposure to DEP but not CB. Similarly, Listeria-induced production of NO by alveolar macrophages was negated at 3, 5, and 7 days after inoculation in DEP-exposed rats. In contrast, CB exposure had no effect on Listeria-induced NO production at 3 days after infection and had a substantially smaller effect than DEP at later days. Exposure to DEP or CB resulted in enlarged lung-draining lymph nodes and increased the number and percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. These results showed that exposure to DEP decreased the ability of macrophages to produce antimicrobial oxidants in response to Listeria, which may play a role in the increased susceptibility of rats to pulmonary infection. This DEP-induced suppression is caused partially by chemicals adsorbed onto the carbon core of DEP, because impaired macrophage function and decreased Listeria clearance were not observed following exposure to CB.
Laser Lithotripsy of Pancreatic and Biliary Stones via 3.4 mm and 3.7 mm Miniscopes: First Clinical Results
Authors: H. Neuhaus, W. Hoffmann, M. Classen
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

The pulsed dye laser is safe and effective in lithotripsy of biliary and pancreatic ductal stones, however delivery of the laser energy to the site of the calculi is technically difficult. A 3.4 mm miniscope inserted through a standard duodenoscope was used for transpapillary laser application under direct vision in one patient with an impacted pancreatic stone and in three patients with bile duct stones not amenable to treatment by routine endoscopy. Lithotripsy and ductal clearance was achieved in 3 of the 4 patients within a single treatment session. Percutaneous transhepatic laser lithotripsy via a 3.7 mm miniscope succeeded in the patient in whom the peroral approach had failed and in two further patients with bile duct stones not accessible by a retrograde approach. There were no major complications. The miniscopes provide an appropriate direct visual control for laser lithotripsy of pancreatobiliary calculi. This approach using miniscopes seems to be an effective, minimally invasive and time-saving alternative to conventional endoscopic laser lithotripsy.
Unusual Problems in Breast Cancer and a Rare Lung Cancer Case
Authors: Hanna Y. Irie, Michael T. Jaklitsch, Kitt Shaffer, Michael Weinstein, Ravi Salgia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools DIAGNOSIS IN ONCOLOGY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.09.088 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 12775751 Unusual Problems in Breast Cancer and a Rare Lung Cancer Case Case 4. Primary Lymphoepithelioma-like Carcinoma of the Lung Hanna Y. IriexHanna Y. IrieSearch for articles by this author , Michael T. JaklitschxMichael T. JaklitschSearch for articles by this author , Kitt ShafferxKitt ShafferSearch for articles by this author , Michael WeinsteinxMichael WeinsteinSearch for articles by this author , Ravi SalgiaxRavi SalgiaSearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.09.088 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
The definition of ischaemia
Authors: S H Rahimtoola, P A Pool-Wilson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

Journal Article The definition of ischaemia Get access S H Rahimtoola, S H Rahimtoola Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P A Pool-Wilson P A Pool-Wilson Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 28, Issue 12, December 1994, Pages 1745–1746, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/28.12.1745 Published: 01 December 1994
Silencing of Lipid Metabolism Genes through IRE1α-Mediated mRNA Decay Lowers Plasma Lipids in Mice
Authors: Jae-Seon So, Kyu Yeon Hur, Margarite Tarrio, Vera Ruda, Maria Frank-Kamenetsky, Kevin Fitzgerald, Victor Koteliansky, Andrew H. Lichtman, Takao Iwawaki, Laurie H. Glimcher, Ann-Hwee Lee
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2012)
Simple Schizophrenia-Syndrome or Shibboleth
Authors: ALAN A. STONE, ROBERT HOPKINS, MARK W. MAHNKE, DANIEL W. SHAPIRO, HARVEY A. SILVERGLATE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The authors review the diagnosis of simple schizophrenia, using as source material classical and contemporary textbook descriptions, a statistical survey, and case studies. The evidence demonstrates no typical premorbid history, no standard time of onset, and no characteristic pattern of symptoms or thought disorder. In essence, the data suggest that no syndrome as such exists—that it is not a reliable or valid diagnosis and cannot be used to support Bleuler's original dichotomy of "essential" and "accessory" symptoms.
Differential suppression of dendritic cell cytokine production by anti-inflammatory drugs
Authors: M.J. Toebak, J. de Rooij, H. Moed, T.J. Stoof, B.M.E. von Blomberg, D.P. Bruynzeel, R.J. Scheper, S. Gibbs, T. Rustemeyer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Differential suppression of dendritic cell cytokine production by anti‐inflammatory drugs Get access M.J. Toebak, M.J. Toebak Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. De Rooij, J. De Rooij Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Moed, H. Moed Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.J. Stoof, T.J. Stoof Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.M.E. Von Blomberg, B.M.E. Von Blomberg Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.P. Bruynzeel, D.P. Bruynzeel Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.J. Scheper, R.J. Scheper Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Gibbs, S. Gibbs Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Rustemeyer T. Rustemeyer Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Correspondence: T. Rustemeyer. E‐mail: T.Rustemeyer@vumc.nl Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 2, 1 February 2008, Pages 225–233, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08297.x Published: 01 February 2008
LINEAR GASTRIC EMPTYING OF HYFEROSHOLAR GLUCOSE SOLUTIONS
Authors: W. T. Phillips, J. G. Schwartz, Ralph Blumhardt, C. Alex KcHahan
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

Phillips, W. T. H.D.; Schwartz, J. G. M.D.; Blumhardt, Ralph H.D.; KcHahan, C. Alex Ph.D. Author Information
Surgery for Phonatory Disorders
Authors: Robert W. Cantrell
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The complex physiological functions of the laryngopharynx have always caused wise surgeons to approach this area with caution. It is probably for this reason, that is, concern for disturbing the delicate balance between swallowing, respiration, and phonation, that early attempts at partial (conservation) laryngeal surgery during the late 19th century were abandoned in favor of total laryngectomy. Patients who heal properly after total laryngectomy do not aspirate, the major problem following partial laryngeal surgery. Unfortunately, the patient undergoing total laryngectomy generally has the ultimate in phonatory disorders (no speech at all in many cases), as well as inspired air that is not warmed or humidified and the social readjustments necessary with breathing through a hole at the base of the neck. Consider the effect of a permanent tracheostoma on the person's sex life, or when there is a possibility of falling into deep water. Many laryngeal surgeons have tried to
HER2 testing in patients with breast cancer
Authors: J. M. Dixon, V. Wilson, M. Verrill, W. F. Symmans
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Must be performed in a timely manner to facilitate appropriate treatment decisions 

HER2 receptor amplification or overexpression is seen in 15-20% of breast cancers and is a prognostic marker of poor outcome.1 2 The HER2 (also known as ErbB-2) receptor is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor family of receptors, which also includes HER1 (or epidermal growth factor receptor), HER3, and HER4. This family of receptors possesses a wide range of functions related to cell growth and proliferation. These receptors join with other members of the same family to activate intracellular pathways.3 Treatment specifically targeted at HER2 has dramatically improved survival during the past decade in patients with breast cancers that overexpress HER2. However, to allow proper use of HER2 targeted drugs, results from HER2 testing need to be available in a timely manner. A recent survey of surgeons in the United Kingdom found, worryingly, that only half of patients with invasive cancer had a HER2 result available when treatment was initially discussed.4

Given the importance of HER2 as a prognostic and treatment related factor, almost all invasive cancers are now tested for the presence of HER2 overexpression.5 Various methods are used, and guidelines for testing have been produced.6 …
Investigation of basement membrane proteins in a case of granular cell ameloblastoma
Authors: Puangwan Lapthanasupkul, Sopee Poomsawat, Jira Chindasombatjaroen
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2012)

Granular cell ameloblastoma is a rare, benign neoplasm of the odontogenic epithelium. A case of massive granular cell ameloblastoma in a 44-year-old Thai female is reported. Histopathological features displayed a follicular type of ameloblastoma with an accumulation of granular cells residing within the tumor follicles. After treatment by partial mandibulectomy, the patient showed a good prognosis without recurrence in a 2-year follow-up. To characterize the granular cells in ameloblastoma, we examined the expression of basement membrane (BM) proteins, including collagen type IV, laminins 1 and 5 and fibronectin using immunohistochemistry. Except for the granular cells, the tumor cells demonstrated a similar expression of BM proteins compared to follicular and plexiform ameloblastomas in our previous study, whereas the granular cells showed strong positivity to laminins 1 and 5 and fibronectin. The increased fibronectin expression in granular cells suggests a possibility of age-related transformation of granular cells in ameloblastoma.
Pericardial effusion in the course of myocardial infarction: incidence, natural history, and clinical relevance.
Authors: E Galve, H Garcia-Del-Castillo, A Evangelista, J Batlle, G Permanyer-Miralda, J Soler-Soler
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Incidence and significance of pericardial effusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have not been established. To evaluate these issues, we studied prospectively 138 consecutive patients with AMI. An echocardiogram was obtained in each 1, 3, and 10 days and 3 and 6 months after admission. Fifty four patients with unstable angina and 57 without heart disease were studied as controls. Echocardiographic diagnostic criteria of pericardial effusion were established from 33 additional patients undergoing surgery. Pericardial effusion was found in 28% of patients with AMI. Twenty-five percent of patients with AMI had pericardial effusion on the third day, vs 8% of patients with unstable angina (p less than .02) and 5% of patients without heart disease (p less than .01). At 1, 3, and 10 days and 3 and 6 months prevalence of pericardial effusion was 17%, 25%, 21%, 11%, and 8%, respectively. There was no case of tamponade. Pericardial effusion was more common in anterior AMI (p less than .02) and in patients with heart failure (p less than .05) but it was not significantly associated with early pericarditis, peak creatine kinase-MB, the level of anticoagulation, or mortality. Thus, pericardial effusion is a common event in patients with AMI (incidence of 28%), but does not result in specific complications. The reabsorption rate of pericardial effusion is slow and, in our experience, mild or moderate pericardial effusion does not preclude heparin therapy.
Befogging the brain
Authors: B Dixon
Journal: BMJ (1994)

I've just returned from a round trip on the M25 around London, a total distance of 100 miles (160 km) or so from junction 16 to junction 28, which I negotiate at least once each week. It was foggy, exceedingly foggy in places, while elsewhere there were patches of mere mist and several areas with clear air.

The motorway is well served with fog warning lights, and someone somewhere was obviously busy at the controls. The problem was this. The illumination of the signs bore only the most random relation to the density of the fog. There was warning after warning in regions of sunshine and clarity, yet nothing whatever amid murky areas with the poorest visibility of all. Occasionally the fog happened …
Contextual choice and other models of preference
Authors: James E. Mazur
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

Grace's contextual-choice model can account for the results from many studies on choice under concurrent-chain schedules. However, other models, including one that I call the “hyperbolic value-added model,” can also account for these results. Preference and resistance to change may indeed be related, but the best model of preference remains to be determined.