tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3132: Proliferative effects of FGF1 on ovarian cancer cells correlate with FGFR4 over expression and are mediated by MAPK/ERK signaling
Authors: Tarrik Zaid, Melissa S. Thompson, Kwong-kwok Wong, Tsz-Lun Yeung Yeung, Zachary Yeung, Melinda S. Yates, Michael J. Birrer, Samuel C. Mok
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Objectives: To identify the effect of FGF1 on cell proliferation in ovarian cancer and endothelial cells, its relation to FGFR4 over expression and signaling pathways involved Methods: Amplification of FGFR4 on 5q31-35, which was previously shown to be associated with poor survival in patients with advanced stage high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC), was validated by quantitative PCR in 52 HGSC. Association between DNA copy numbers of FGFR4 and FGF1 located on the same segment was performed by Spearman correlation analysis. Over expression of FGFR4 protein was confirmed in ovarian cancer cell lines and tissue by western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Endogenous FGF1 production by several ovarian cancer cell lines in conditioned medium was quantified using ELISA. Effect of exogenous FGF1 on cell proliferation of high and low-FGFR4 expressing ovarian cancer cell lines and an immortalized microvascular endothelial cell line was determined by WST-1 assay. Signaling pathways activation was screened by treating ovarian cancer cell lines and endothelial cells transduced with six different transcription response elements using the Cignal-Lenti reporter system with exogenous FGF1. Results: FGFR4 was amplified and over-expressed in a majority of ovarian cancer cell lines and tumor tissue and FGFR4 DNA copy number was significantly correlated with that of FGF1 (r=0.4, p=0.04). Endogenous FGF1 production was detected by ELISA in 2 of 5 screened ovarian cell lines. FGF1 significantly induced cell proliferation in high FGFR4 expressing ovarian cancer cells (20%, p&amp;lt;0.001) and in endothelial cells (15%, p&amp;lt;0.001); but not in low FGFR4 expressers. Significant activation of MAPK/ERK signal transduction pathways was noted after treatment of ovarian(1.43 fold, P &amp;lt; 0.001) and endothelial(1.33 fold, P &amp;lt; 0.001) cell lines transduced with the Cignal-Lenti reporter system. Conclusions: Our report provides preliminary evidence that poor survival associated with FGF1 amplification and over expression appears to be mediated through FGFR4, which is also amplified and over-expressed in ovarian cancer cell. In addition, FGF1 produced by ovarian cancer cells may exert both autocrine and paracrine effect on cancer cells and endothelial cells through the activation of MAPK/ERK pathway. These data suggests that new regimens targeting FGF1, FGFR4 and downstream signaling pathways may improve ovarian cancer patient survival. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3132.
Sudden Death After Near-Drowning
Authors: Francisco M. Wong
Journal: JAMA (1963)

ALTHOUGH mention has been made that death may occur suddenly and unexpectedly after apparent clinical recovery from drowning there have been no reports documenting this catastrophic event. The purpose of this paper is to report such a case and to review our present knowledge on the pathophysiology and treatment of drowning and to emphasize the need for continued medical care in survivors of near-drowning.  Report of a Case  A 53-year-old white male was brought to the emergency room of St. Vincent's Hospital on Sept 20, 1963 after being rescued from the Hudson River (salt water) where he was found floating with his head underwater. On shore, the patient was given artificial respiration and oxygen with recovery of spontaneous respirations. When seen in the hospital he was breathing regularly and coughing up copious quantities of water. Tracheal suction was vigorously and meticulously carried out. Oxygen was given by mask and was
Impact of medical audit advisory groups.
Authors: C Richards
Journal: BMJ (1991)

>1>K> retrieval surgeons resulting in non-procurement of some organs6; non-availability of theatre time, of staffed intensive care bed (for several days post- operatively), or of sufficient units of appropriate blood (for liver transplantation).Publicity has been recognised as a key to the future of organ donation, but finding solutions to some of the problems of non-procurement, as well as avoiding deterioration of donor organs,8 may be prerequisites for increased offers to be translated into increased donations.During October-November 1989 sustained, national publicity about transplantation was associated with reduction by a quarter in refusal by relatives (from 30% to 22%) and a reduction in failure to ask about organ donation of about two thirds.Compared with the first six months of 1989, October-November saw appreciable increases (around a fifth) in suitable offered donors of specific organs, but only in the case of kidneys was there a corresponding 17% increase in actual donations; increased rates of non-procurement were also a feature.If transplant services are already operating to capacity full advantage cannot be taken of increased offers of such organs as liver, heart, or lungs.Percentage increase in actual donations then under- estimates the impact of publicity and other measures to enhance offers of suitable organs for transplantation.A side effect of the October-November publicity to enhance offers might have been some relaxing of criteria of reporting or assessing organ suitability by intensive care units, which had to be compensated for by increased rates of non-procurement of reportedly, but not actually, suitable organs.
EFFECTIVENESS OF 18F-FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY AND T2 WEIGHTED CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE FOR EVALUATING INFLAMMATORY LEFT VENTRICULAR MYOCARDIUM IN 30 SUBJECTS WITH CLINICALLY SUSPECTED ACUTE MYOCARDITIS. COMPARISON WITH ENDOMYOCARDIAL BIOPSIES
Authors: Koya Ozawa, Nobusada Funabashi, Hiroyuki Takaoka, Akihisa Kataoka, Masae Uehara, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Screening for Glaucomatous Visual Field Loss
Authors: Joanne Katz, Alfred Sommer
Journal: Ophthalmology (1990)

Eighty-eight glaucoma patients and 252 normal subjects underwent C-30-2 testing on the Humphrey Field Analyzer. The effect of fixation losses, high false-positive and false-negative response rates on visual field test results was assessed using the mirror image method of detecting asymmetry across the horizontal meridian, and the Humphrey STATPAC pattern standard deviation (PSD) and mean deviation (MD). Glaucoma patients with poor fixation (greater than or equal to 20%) had less depressed fields and fewer localized defects than those with good fixation. Fixation loss did not affect measures of localized defects or generalized depression among normal subjects. High false-positive rates (greater than or equal to 10%) were associated with less-depressed visual fields among glaucoma patients and normal subjects. Visual fields were depressed by an average of 9 dB for glaucoma patients and 7 dB for normal subjects with high false-negative rates (greater than or equal to 33%), when compared with those with low false-negative rates. Apparent localized defects were observed among normal subjects with high false-negative rates. Most of these defects were located in the superior nasal and adjacent arcuate area.
Validation of the revised International Prognostic Scoring System in treated patients with myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: Asmita Mishra, Maria Corrales‐Yepez, Najla Al Ali, Mohamed Kharfan‐Dabaja, Eric Padron, Ling Zhang, Pearlie K. Epling‐Burnette, Javier Pinilla‐Ibarz, Jeffrey E. Lancet, Alan F. List, Rami S. Komrokji
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

The International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) was recently revised (IPSS-R) under the auspices of the MDS Foundation as a collaborative international effort to refine its prognostic power. Our purpose was to externally validate this new risk model using a large single-institution cohort, determine its prognostic power in patients receiving active treatment, and explore its utility in guiding therapeutic decisions. Data were collected retrospectively from our myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) database and verified by chart review. Of the data available for 1,088 patients, 152 (14%), 353 (32%), 237 (22%), 190 (18%), and 156 (14%) patients were classified as very low, low, intermediate, high, and very high risk, respectively, with median overall survival (OS) of 90 (95%CI 71-109), 54 (95%CI 50-59), 34 (95%CI 26-43), 21 (95%CI 17-25), and 13 months (95%CI 11-15), respectively (P < 0.005). We found that the IPSS-R further refined prognostic discrimination in all IPSS risk categories, particularly in the intermediate 1 and 2 groups. Among high and very high IPSS-R patients receiving azacitidine, OS was significantly improved versus patients not receiving azacitidine, with corresponding median OS of 25 versus 18 months (P = 0.028) and 15 versus 9 months (P = 0.005), respectively. Similarly, patients with IPSS-R high- and very high-risk disease who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation had significantly improved OS versus nontransplant approaches (P < 0.005). High and very high IPSS-R patients derived a survival advantage from disease-modifying therapies. Our data validate the prognostic value of the proposed IPSS-R and show that its refined IPSS prognostic discrimination can be applied to actively treated patients.
Preclinical Rationale for Use of the Clinically Available Multitargeted Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Crizotinib in ROS1-Translocated Lung Cancer
Authors: Hiroyuki Yasuda, Lorena L. de Figueiredo-Pontes, Susumu Kobayashi, Daniel B. Costa
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
The Silicone Controversy — When Will Science Prevail?
Authors: J C Fisher
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

THE fate of the silicone-gel breast implant may have been foretold in 1988 when a member of the Food and Drug Administration's advisory panel on general and plastic surgical devices suggested that because the benefits of breast implants were unclear, their use should not be allowed if there was any associated risk.1 Several members of the advisory panel and the FDA have recently displayed similar insensitivity to the demonstrated needs of more than a million women who since 1963 have sought breast implantation for cosmetic or reconstructive purposes.The attitude of the FDA and its actions this past year have . . .
Rhyme and reason
Authors: P. Riis
Journal: BMJ (1990)

One of the ways in which the BMJ's 150 year anniversary is being celebrated is by publication of Apollo, an outstanding anthology of poems by medical writers. Some might ask if the existence of numerous doctor poets is not just a pure coexistence of interests in medicine and writing poetry. It would be difficult, and perhaps also utterly unnecessary, to describe the phenomenon in statistical terms?that is, finding the true coincidence rate by multiplying doctors' rates and poets' rates in a cumulative historical perspective. Let us instead accept the uncontrolled truth that doctors have always been both interested and active in the arts. If so, we will be in accord with the Apollonian concept of medicine being a part of other arts, as expressed on the title page, quoting Shelley's poem A Hymn of Apollo:
Helicobacter pylorieradication improves prognosis of coronary artery disease through a mechanism not related with platelet activation
Authors: Alessandro Sionis, Ignasi Elizalde, Magda Heras, Nuria Casanovas, Salvador Diez-Aja, Teresa Martorell, Miguel Lozano, Sonia Perez, Julian Gonzalez, Gines Sanz, Josep M. Pique
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Letter: Hypoglycaemia action of onion on rabbits.
Authors: R C Jain, C R Vyas
Journal: BMJ (1974)

based on a proportionate change in total calcium with protein rather than an absolute change.A slightly improved nomogram would be based on the plasma albumin rather than the total protein and would be derived from the known calcium-albumin associa:ion constant.Such a nomogram can be prepared by any physical chemist and will be included by us in a fo-rthcoming publication.-Weare, etc.,
Arterial Thromboembolism After Catheterization
Authors: SHYH-JEN WANG, SHIN-HWA YEH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 66-year-old man was admitted because of chest tightness for a week. During admission, a cardiac catheterization was performed. After catheterization, a pink color, painful sensation, and numbness were noted on his right 4th and 5th fingers. TI-201 perfusion study and three-phase bone scan were performed. The radionuclide studies suggested arterial thromboembolism. After treatment (Promostan 40 mcg intravenously per day for 1 month), the same radionuclide studies were performed and were essentially normal.
A Method of Treatment for Pericardial Pain
Authors: ARTHUR S. WEISSBEIN, FLOYD N. HELLER
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Two patients are presented, in whom dramatic, complete, and prolonged relief from the pain of acute pericarditis was afforded by left stellate ganglion block. In one, this method was successful after the patient had been virtually incapacitated by pain for 75 days. As far as we have been able to ascertain, this mode of therapy has not been previously employed. The distribution of the pain seemed to implicate the phrenic nerve; however, the relief secured by stellate ganglion block appears contrary to this traditional theory. It is concluded that the mechanism of pericardial pain is not completely understood but that the current, generally accepted explanations are quite likely inaccurate. The inferior cervical and first thoracic sympathetic ganglia may play a large, if not complete role in the transmission of these pain impulses. There are several practical aspects to our observations. Stellate ganglion block might be logically employed during the acute phase of pericarditis if the pain is severe, and also when the patient is incapacitated by recurrences. There remains also a virtually unexplored field, the relief of the pain of acute myocardial infarction by this procedure.
Surgical Management of Morbid Obesity
Authors: Benjamin E. Schneider, Edward C. Mun
Journal: Diabetes Care (2005)

Obesity imposes devastating health and financial tolls on society and those who suffer from it. Despite the growing awareness of the problem, the obesity epidemic, along with its associated complications, continues to expand at an alarming rate (1). The current nomenclature used to measure an individuals degree of obesity is BMI, which is calculated by dividing weight (in kilograms) by the square of height (in meters) (Table 1). Based on these criteria, the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) reports a doubling of the obese population (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) in the period between 1976–1980 and 2001–2002 to reach an estimated number of 63 million obese people. Currently in the U.S., nearly two-thirds of adults are overweight (BMI >25 kg/m2), nearly one-third are considered obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2), and 4.7% are extremely obese (BMI ≥40 kg/m2) (2). The financial cost of obesity in the U.S. is estimated to be in excess of $100 billion/year (3). In addition to increased risk of diabetes and other comorbid diseases, obese individuals may expect significant decreases in life expectancy (4) (Table 2). This obesity-related diminution in longetivity directly contributes to 280,000 deaths annually in the U.S. (5).

Medical (nonsurgical) weight loss therapies include combinations of diet, exercise, behavioral therapies, and medications. In 1998, an NIH (National Institutes of Health) expert panel, upon critical review of the literature, concluded that these modalities, either alone or in combination, can induce modest weight loss that confers health benefits to the patients (6). However, the weight loss induced by these therapies is often short lived. Furthermore, medical management must continue indefinitely to be effective, or weight regain is common. Such medical therapies have not been shown to be effective in maintaining long-term weight loss in a morbidly obese patient population. Thus, most physicians …
Why are we weighting?
Authors: A. P Hill
Journal: BMJ (1988)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Microglia, the main immunocompetent cells of the brain regulate neuronal function in health and disease, but their contribution to cerebral blood flow (CBF) remained elusive. Here we identify microglia as important modulators of CBF both under physiological conditions and during hypoperfusion. We show that microglia establish direct purinergic contacts with cells in the neurovascular unit that shape cerebral perfusion in both mice and humans. Surprisingly, the absence of microglia or blockade of microglial P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12R) substantially impairs neurovascular coupling in the barrel cortex after whisker stimulation. We also reveal that hypercapnia, which is associated with acidification, induces microglial adenosine production, while depletion of microglia reduces brain pH and impairs hypercapnia-induced vasodilation. Furthermore, the absence or dysfunction of microglia markedly impairs adaptation to hypoperfusion via P2Y12R after transient unilateral common carotid artery occlusion, which is also influenced by CX3CR1-mediated actions. Thus, our data reveal a previously unrecognized role for microglia in CBF regulation with broad implications for common neurological diseases.
Information Technology and Patient Care: Who, When, and Why?-Reply
Authors: John D. Rootenberg
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —To Ms Wood and all medical librarians, I apologize for not highlighting the indispensable services that your profession provides to all clinicians. To Dr Granat, the future of health care provision in the United States is debatable. However, I disagree that clinical input cannot be truly measured at least inasmuch as any subjective observation can be truly quantified. Physicians never have been (nor ever will be) immune from reaping the benefits of procedural standardization. Granat states that medicine by algorithm would probably "become robotic, devoid of creativity, humanity...." On the contrary, community-based, culturally sensitive practice guidelines developed by physicians for physicians need not lead to cookbook medicine. Adler<sup>1</sup>uses a case study to demonstrate how imposed standards are alienating, whereas "procedures that are designed by those who practice them, in a continuous, successful effort to improve productivity, quality, skills, and understanding, can humanize even the most disciplined
Study finds widespread misconception about contraception among Indian medical students
Authors: S. Bagcchi
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Swedish researchers have called for medical students in India to be trained in contraceptive counselling to increase Indian women’s access to evidence based maternal healthcare services, after finding widespread ignorance among medical students.1

India’s national medical education curriculum specifies that medical training should cover comprehensive abortion care, contraceptive methods, and counselling. But although medical students in India have an important future role as contraceptive counsellors, little was known about their views on contraceptive methods, use, …
Surgical Cure of Malignant Hypertension With Intrarenal Arteriosclerosis
Authors: William L. Strickler
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Surgical cure was effected in a case of malignant hypertension secondary to bilateral renal-artery obstruction with documented parenchymal small-vessel disease. Surgical renal revascularization may help hypertensive patients who have intrarenal vascular disease and mainrenal-artery obstruction if all criteria of the classical Howard test are met. Withholding renovascular surgery on the sole basis of renal-biopsy demonstration of small-vessel disease is inadvisable.
Does Knowing One’s Elevated Glycemic Status Make a Difference in Macronutrient Intake?
Authors: Barbara H. Bardenheier, Mary E. Cogswell, Edward W. Gregg, Desmond E. Williams, Zefeng Zhang, Linda S. Geiss
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

To determine whether macronutrient intake differs by awareness of glycemic status among people with diabetes and prediabetes.We used 24-h dietary recall and other data from 3,725 nonpregnant adults with diabetes or prediabetes aged ≥20 years from the morning fasting sample of the 2005-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetes and prediabetes awareness were self-reported; those unaware of diabetes and prediabetes were defined by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c ≥6.5% and FPG 100-125 mg/dL or HbA1c of 5.7%-6.4%, respectively. Components of nutrient intake on a given day assessed were total calories, sugar, carbohydrates, fiber, protein, fat, and total cholesterol, stratified by sex and glycemic status awareness. Estimates of nutrient intake were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education level, BMI, smoking status, and family history of diabetes.Men with diagnosed diabetes consumed less sugar (mean 86.8 vs. 116.8 g) and carbohydrates (mean 235.0 vs. 262.1 g) and more protein (mean 92.3 vs. 89.7 g) than men with undiagnosed diabetes. Similarly, women with diagnosed diabetes consumed less sugar (mean 79.1 vs. 95.7 g) and more protein (mean 67.4 vs. 56.6 g) than women with undiagnosed diabetes. No significant differences in macronutrient intake were found by awareness of prediabetes. All participants, regardless of sex or glycemic status, consumed on average less than the American Diabetes Association recommendations for fiber intake (i.e., 14 g/1,000 kcal) and slightly more saturated fat than recommended (>10% of total kcal).Screening and subsequent knowledge of glycemic status may favorably affect some dietary patterns for people with diabetes.
Steroid-induced tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with mycosis fungoides treated for presumed pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
Authors: Petros Kopterides, Michalis Lignos, Irini Mavrou, Apostolos Armaganidis
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

about the Tsarevich Alexei, his illness, and the ''mad monk'' Gregory Rasputin.Regardless of the illness of the Tsarevich, the infamous Rasputin was the guardian angel to the Tsarevich.Through hypnosis, the monk could relax the boy, alleviate his pain, and put him to sleep.By doing so, he might have decreased the boy's bleeding and also relaxed the parents and the rest of the Royal Court.The monk did for the boy what the medical professors at the universities failed to do.Perhaps for that, the Tsarina was too grateful to the monk.Rasputin was not a healer; he did not cure but he provided symptomatic treatment to the boy.Another historical perspective: Earlier in my career as a student of Professor Leandro M. Tocantins, M.D. , and later as a member of the faculty, I attended hemophilic patients; we worked with 100 families.Dr. Tocantins, Director of the Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research and internationally known for his work on hemophilia, accepted the use of hypnosis for hemophilic patients undergoing dental work at a time when only fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) was available.I witnessed several of these patients in the dental clinic.
THE EFFECT ON HUMAN SERUM-LIPIDS OF A DIETARY FAT, HIGHLY UNSATURATED, BUT POOR IN ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
Authors: EdwardH. Ahrens, Jules Hirsch, William Insull, Wilhelm Stoffel, MalcolmL. Peterson, JohnW. Farquhar, Theodore Miller, H.J. Thomasson
Journal: The Lancet (1959)