tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3227: Contribution Of Known Genetic Factors To Increased Risk Of Type-2 Diabetes In Indian Asians
Authors: John Chambers, Paul Elliott, Weihua Zhang, Jaspal S Kooner
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background. Type-2 diabetes (T2D) is 2– 4 fold more common amongst Indian Asians than North American and European whites, and is a major contributor to two-fold higher cardiovascular disease mortality in Asians. We investigated whether genetic variation in the validated T2D genes, contributes to the increased risk of T2D amongst Indian Asians, compared to European whites. Methods. We examined the association of genetic variants in the 16 validated T2D genes with T2D amongst 9,776 Indian Asian and 4,407 European white men and women, aged 35–75 years, participating in the London Life Sciences Prospective Population (LOLIPOP) study. Genotyping was performed by competitive allele-specific PCR (KASPar). Results. Indian Asians had higher T2D prevalence (20.9% vs 8.7%, P&lt;0.001), despite lower age (50.3±10.9 vs 52.1±11.6, P&lt;0.001) and body mass index (26.9±4.1 vs 27.6±4.7, P&lt;0.001), compared to Europeans. Genotyping confirmed association of WFS1, SLC30A8, PPARG, IGF2BP2, TCF7L2, JAZF1, CDKN2A/B, HHEX/IDE and FTO with T2D in both populations (P&lt;0.05). Associations of CDKAL1 , KCNJ11, THADA, CDC123-CAMK1D, ADAMTS9, TSPAN8-LGR5 or NOTCH2 with T2D did not reach statistical significance. SNP risk allele frequency was higher for six, but lower for nine, in Indian Asians compared to Europeans. In regression analysis, risk of T2D remained 3.6 (95%CI 3.2– 4.1, P&lt;0.001) fold higher amongst Indian Asians compared to Europeans, despite adjustment for age, body mass index and known genetic factors. Discussion. Known genetic variants show similar association with T2D, and have similar risk allele frequencies, amongst Indian Asians and Europeans. These genetic factors do not account for the three-fold increased risk of T2D amongst Indian Asians.
A CASE OF SECRETING PARAGANGLIOMA OF THE ORGAN OF ZUCKERKANDL
Authors: C W FULLERTON, J C SUTTON, I G MILNE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1954)

Case Reports1 June 1954A CASE OF SECRETING PARAGANGLIOMA OF THE ORGAN OF ZUCKERKANDLC. W. FULLERTON, M.D., F.A.C.P., J. CARL SUTTON, M.D., I. G. MILNE, M.D.C. W. FULLERTON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, J. CARL SUTTON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, I. G. MILNE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-40-6-1212 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn recent years increasing interest has been shown in tumors of the pheochromocytoma group, and to date over 300 cases have been reported in the literature. Because of the dramatic clinical picture which these tumors may present, we believe that a high percentage of such cases is reported, and that this has led to an erroneous impression that these are relatively common tumors. In the records of the Teaching Hospitals at McGill University only four of these tumors have been found over a 30 year period, and in three of these cases they were unexpected autopsy findings.In the majority...Bibliography1. Ortega P: Malignant paraganglioma arising from the organ of Zuckerkandl, Arch. Path. 53: 78 (Jan.) 1952. Google Scholar2. BauerLeriche JR: Contribution clinique et thérapeutique a l'étude des paragangliomes et des crises d'hypertension adrénalinique, Presse méd. 42: 1385-1388, 1934. Google Scholar3. Williams RH: Textbook of endocrinology, 1950, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, p. 242. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Montreal, Canada*Received for publication September 16, 1953.From the Departments of Medicine and Surgery of The Montreal General Hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBibliographyNonchromaffin-Staining Functional Tumor of the Organs of ZuckerkandlPHEOCHROMOCYTOMAEssential Hypertension: A Selected Review and Commentary 1 June 1954Volume 40, Issue 6Page: 1212-1217KeywordsAutopsyHospital medicinePheochromocytomaSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1954 PDF downloadLoading ...
882. Adenovirus-Mediated Gene Transfer of Human Growth and Differentiation Factor-5 (GDF-5) into the Healing Rat Achilles Tendon
Authors: Haili Wang, Markus Rickert, Peter Wieloch, Helga Lorenz, Eric Steck, Wiltrud Richter
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
Growth and differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) protein is known to induce tendon tissue and to stimulate tendon healing. The hypothesis at the basis of this study was that a local adenoviral GDF-5 transfer leads to continuous transgene expression and accelerates healing of transected Achilles tendons in rats. Adenoviruses efficiently transferred GDF-5 into cultured rat tenocytes in vitro. According to Western blotting, two GDF-5 forms were secreted, with molecular weights consistent with the activated GDF-5 dimer and the proform. About 330 ng of GDF-5 protein / 106 cells per 24 h was produced at 2 weeks after transduction. In vivo the right Achilles tendon of 154 Sprague Dawley rats was transected and 3 × 1010 virus particles encoding for GDF-5 or luciferase were injected into the proximal tendon stump, which was left unsutured. According to RT-PCR, in vivo GDF-5 transgene expression lasted for 2 to 12 weeks. Eight weeks after transduction, the GDF-5-treated specimens were significantly thicker than controls (P=0.048), and biomechanical testing revealed a tendency that they were stronger. Histologically, the regenerates in the GDF-5 group were less highly organized and had fewer collagen type-I fibers at 8 and 12 weeks than controls.

In conclusion, this study shows successful GDF-5 transfer into the healing Achilles tendon in rats over a 12-week period. GDF-5 seems to be a good candidate to catalyze and improve the early phase of tendon healing. Delayed tendon differentiation as seen after GDF-5 protien administration is however, not overcome by continuous endogenous GDF-5 expression.
Abstract 16728: High Leptin Predicts Short-Term Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Veli-Pekka Puurunen, Olavi Ukkola, E. Samuli Lepojärvi, Olli-Pekka Piira, M. Juhani Junttila, Heikki V Huikuri
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted mainly by adipose tissue. It has been associated with several cardiovascular risk factors. We examined whether plasma leptin predicts major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in a two-year follow-up of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: The study population consisted of 1,678 CAD patients. At baseline, fasting plasma leptin levels were measured and an extensive cardiovascular examination performed. The patients were followed up for two years. MACE was defined as acute coronary syndrome, revascularization, hospitalization for congestive heart failure or cardiac death. Hazard ratios were estimated by Cox’s regression model adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, stage of the glucose metabolism disorder, systolic blood pressure, LDL, history of smoking, history of myocardial infarction and, in the case of hospitalization for congestive heart failure, 2-dimensional ejection fraction and ratio of peak early diastolic mitral velocity to tissue Dop...
Abstract 19158: Myocardial Function Abnormalities in Obesity: Assessment via Standard Doppler Indices, Myocardial Speckle-tracking and Kinematic Modeling of Early Diastolic Filling
Authors: Julio A Chirinos, Tom Claessens, Muhammad W Raja, Patrick Segers, Ernst Rietzschel, Marc DeBuyzere, Thierry Gillebert
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Obesity is an established risk factor for heart failure. We aimed to comprehensively characterize early subclinical obesity-related abnormalities in diastolic and systolic function in a large general population sample. Methods: We studied 1,603 middle-aged adults enrolled in the Asklepios study. We assessed standard Doppler indices of diastolic function, speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived myocardial systolic deformation and parameters describing the elastic recoil-driven early diastolic suction attribute of the left ventricle (LV), obtained via kinematic modeling of early mitral inflow. All models were adjusted for, age, gender and LV size. Results: Speckle tracking echocardiography revealed decreased longitudinal peak systolic strain in obesity (-17.3; 95%CI=-17. 7 to -16.8; P=0.001), with preserved circumferential strain (P=0.35). Obesity was also independently associated with lower stored elastic strain energy (9013 vs. 10695 m 2 /s 2 ; P&lt;0.0001) available at mitral valve opening, resulting in a lower peak force driving early diastolic filling (1824 vs. 2013 m/s2; P&lt;0.001). Despite exhibiting a lower early diastolic mitral annular tissue velocity (8.32 vs. 9.6 cm/s; P&lt;0.001), obese subjects demonstrated a significantly greater early diastolic mitral inflow propagation velocity (81.5 vs. 73.8 cm/s; P&lt;0.001) and a lower damping constant c (15.1 vs. 16.7 /s; P&lt;0.01), which represents the dampening effects of slow LV relaxation and increased tissue viscoelasticity preventing rapid LV filling). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the main abnormality underlying abnormal early diastolic LV filling in obesity is a reduced stored elastic strain / potential energy during systolic contraction, leading to decreased mechanical recoil during early diastole. This may be related to loss of longitudinal (but not circumferential) systolic function. Our findings have implications for our understanding the underlying mechanisms of obesity-related LV dysfunction.
The case against aggressive treatment of type 2 diabetes: critique of the UK prospective diabetes study Commentary: UKPDS is well designed and clinically important
Authors: R M Ewart, R. R Holman, D. R Matthews, T. Meade
Journal: BMJ (2001)

# The case against aggressive treatment of type 2 diabetes: critique of the UK prospective diabetes study {#article-title-2} #### Summary points During the course of the UK prospective diabetes study the length of follow up was changed, and changes seem to have been made to the end points and the groups under analysis These changes are not in keeping with accepted scientific principles and make the results of the trial suspect An independent review of the trial's design and analysis is needed The results of the study do not justify aggressive treatment of type 2 diabetes I searched Medline (Ovid's CD version) from 1976 to March 2000, using various combinations of the keywords "UKPDS" and "prospective diabetes study" and the names of the principal authors of the study's reports. I reviewed the resulting articles for any description of the design of the UKPDS. I reviewed reference lists for other references. The authors have presented various end points over the life of the study (box). The UKPDS grew originally out of the authors' interest in the use of basal rather than postprandial glucose in monitoring diabetes. They concluded, "A prospective controlled trial of different ways of obtaining basal normoglycaemia is needed to determine whether the improved control of mild diabetes is beneficial."3 In the first report of the study, published in 1983, the authors set out their rationale: "If, after dietary therapy, the fasting plasma glucose continues to be raised, there is little information available to determine whether one should continue with diet alone, or add a sulphonylurea, biguanide or insulin."4 Specific end points were not laid out in this original description but were set out the following year in a letter discussing the paper. 4 5 The authors later argued (1999) that this "brief letter" had only "minor differences in wording."6 It seems, however, that the letter was written specifically to clarify the vagueness and ambiguities of the … Correspondence to: R Holman
Head-to-Head Comparison and Evaluation of 92 Plasma Protein Biomarkers for Early Detection of Colorectal Cancer in a True Screening Setting
Authors: Hongda Chen, Manuela Zucknick, Simone Werner, Phillip Knebel, Hermann Brenner
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Novel noninvasive blood-based screening tests are strongly desirable for early detection of colorectal cancer. We aimed to conduct a head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic performance of 92 plasma-based tumor-associated protein biomarkers for early detection of colorectal cancer in a true screening setting.Among all available 35 carriers of colorectal cancer and a representative sample of 54 men and women free of colorectal neoplasms recruited in a cohort of screening colonoscopy participants in 2005-2012 (N = 5,516), the plasma levels of 92 protein biomarkers were measured. ROC analyses were conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance. A multimarker algorithm was developed through the Lasso logistic regression model and validated in an independent validation set. The .632+ bootstrap method was used to adjust for the potential overestimation of diagnostic performance.Seventeen protein markers were identified to show statistically significant differences in plasma levels between colorectal cancer cases and controls. The adjusted area under the ROC curves (AUC) of these 17 individual markers ranged from 0.55 to 0.70. An eight-marker classifier was constructed that increased the adjusted AUC to 0.77 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.59-0.91]. When validating this algorithm in an independent validation set, the AUC was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.65-0.85), and sensitivities at cutoff levels yielding 80% and 90% specificities were 65% (95% CI, 41-80%) and 44% (95% CI, 24-72%), respectively.The identified profile of protein biomarkers could contribute to the development of a powerful multimarker blood-based test for early detection of colorectal cancer.
THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT IN VARIOUS CLINICAL SYNDROMES
Authors: W J GRACE, R H PINSKY, H G WOLFF
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1958)

Article1 May 1958THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT IN VARIOUS CLINICAL SYNDROMESWILLIAM J. GRACE, M.D., F.A.C.P., RUTH H. PINSKY, M.A., HAROLD G. WOLFF, M.D., F.A.C.P.WILLIAM J. GRACE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, RUTH H. PINSKY, M.A.Search for more papers by this author, HAROLD G. WOLFF, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-48-5-987 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAn unusual opportunity presented itself to evaluate the results of therapy in a large group of patients with various stress disorders in one of the medical clinics of the New York Hospital. In a group of 1,154 patients, two different methods of appraisal were used in determining the effectiveness of the treatment—that is, the results of therapy were compared with published series in the literature, and small groups of special disease entities were compared with similar matched groups treated by physicians in other departments of the hospital, using a different method of therapy.METHOD OF THERAPYPatients with various types...Bibliography1. Knight RP: Results of psychoanalytic therapy, Am. J. Psychiat. 98: 434, 1941. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. AppelLhamonMyersHarvey KEWTJMWA: Long term psychotherapy, A. Research Nerv. and Ment. Dis., Proc. 31: 21, 1953. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. StineIvy LAAC: The effect of psychoanalysis on the course of peptic ulcer: a preliminary report, Gastroenterology 21: 185, 1952. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. WheelerWhiteReedCohen EOPDEWME: Neurocirculatory asthenia (anxiety neurosis, effort syndrome, neurasthenia), J. A. M. A. 142: 878, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. FriesNelson CM: Psychoneurotics 5 years later, Am. J. M. Sc. 203: 539, 1942. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. MilesBarrabeeFinesinger HWELJE: Evaluation of psychotherapy, Psychosom. Med. 13: 83, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication April 12, 1957.From the Departments of Medicine and Psychiatry, New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, N. Y.†This work was supported in part by a grant from the Commonwealth Fund, and in part by the Medical Research and Development Board, Office of The Surgeon General, Department of the Army, Contract No. DA-49-007-MD-208.Requests for reprints should be addressed to William J. Grace, M.D., Director of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, New York City, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1958Volume 48, Issue 5Page: 987-1000KeywordsAsthmaColitisEczemaHospitalsHypertensionPeptic ulcersResearch designSurgeonsUlcerative colitisUrticaria ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1958 PDF downloadLoading ...
Anticoagulation? Antiplatelet? What's the Score?
Authors: Geno J. Merli, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters4 August 2015Anticoagulation? Antiplatelet? What's the Score?Geno J. Merli, MD and Howard H. Weitz, MDGeno J. Merli, MDFrom Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and Jefferson Heart Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this author and Howard H. Weitz, MDFrom Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and Jefferson Heart Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5119-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The only evidence to guide us on PPI use in the setting of triple-antithrombotic therapy (a vitamin K antagonist, acetylsalicylic acid, and a platelet adenosine diphosphate receptor inhibitor) is level C (consensus). We follow the recommendations of the 2014 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Guideline for the Management of Patients with Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes (1), which recommends PPI use in patients receiving triple antithrombotic therapy who have a history of gastrointestinal bleeding (class I recommendation). For patients without a history of gastrointestinal bleeding, PPI use is suggested; however, the recommendation is weaker (class IIa recommendation).The ...Reference1. Amsterdam EA, Wenger NK, Brindis RG, Casey DE, Ganiats TG, Holmes DR, et al; American College of Cardiology. 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014;64:e139-228. [PMID: 25260718] doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.09.017 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Geno J. Merli, MD; Howard H. Weitz, MDAffiliations: From Thomas Jefferson University Hospital and Jefferson Heart Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.Disclosures: Geno J. Merli, MD, reports the following: Research grants/contracts: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen, Portola; Consultancies: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Janssen. Howard H. Weitz, MD, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Consult Guys - Anticoagulation? Antiplatelet? What's the Score? Geno J. Merli and Howard H. Weitz Anticoagulation? Antiplatelet? What's the Score? Jonathan Hager Anticoagulation? Antiplatelet? What's the Score? Jonathan Hager Metrics 4 August 2015Volume 163, Issue 3Page: 243KeywordsDisclosureHeartHemorrhagePlateletsProton pump inhibitorsReceptor antagonist therapyResearch grantsResearch reporting guidelinesStrokeVitamin K ePublished: 4 August 2015 Issue Published: 4 August 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13946: Sleep Problems on Simvastatin Differentially Predict Weight Change in Men
Authors: Beatrice A Golomb, Hayley J Koslik, Alexis K Bui
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background and Goal: Sleep problems were significantly increased on simvastatin ( simva ) (but not pravastatin) vs placebo in the UCSD Statin Study. Sleep problems on simva predicted glucose rise. Weight gain has also been reported as a statin side effect. We sought to capitalize on existing data to assess whether sleep problems on simva related to weight gain in men. Method: 442 men without known diabetes or CVD were randomized to simva 20mg or placebo for 6 mon. One hundred eighty and 186 completed single-item self-rating of change in sleep problems vs baseline ( Δslpprob ). Weight (lb) was measured at baseline and 6 mon. Missing 6 mon values were imputed. Analyses: A. Regressions stratified by treatment assessed prediction of weight change by Δslpprob, adjusted for baseline weight. B. Regressions assessed prediction of weight change by the interaction term of simva (vs placebo) x Δslpprob, adjusted for the components of the interaction and baseline weight. Since age-related muscle loss may complicate weight change in elderly; and young adults have low vulnerability to metabolic problems, analyses were repeated excluding these groups. Results: A. Increased sleep problems on simva predicted weight gain (significant), but on placebo predicted weight loss (nonsignificant). B. The Δslpprob x simva interaction term significantly predicted weight gain. When that was parceled out, simva, outside of the sleep relationship, negatively predicted weight change. Exclusion of young adults and elderly strengthened significance of findings (Table). Discussion: Sleep problems, which differentially arise on simva, differentially predict weight gain on simva. This expands the metabolic effects to which sleep problems on simva may contribute and might possibly favor mediation by sleep apnea (a reported complication of simva). Once the sleep problem effect is considered, simva use predicted weight loss . The relative contribution of fat vs muscle loss (vs other) requires exploration.
Travellers returning with measles from Thailand to Finland, April 2012: infection control measures
Authors: A Kantele, K Valtonen, I Davidkin, T Martelius, N Võželevskaja, K Skogberg, I Liesmaa, O Lyytikäinen
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2012)

Countries with no autochthonous measles run the risk of the virus being imported by travellers and transmitted to unprotected citizens. In April 2012, two travellers from Finland and one from Estonia were diagnosed with measles after returning from Phuket, Thailand. They were contagious on their return flights and subsequently exposed several individuals, prompting extensive infection control measures. Two secondary cases were detected: one child who had received one vaccine dose and another who was fully vaccinated.