tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal Arteriovenous Fistula and Fibromuscular Hyperplasia
Authors: KLAUS M. BRON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

An essentially asymptomatic patient with a continuous abdominal bruit was investigated and found to have a right renal arteriovenous fistula and bilateral renal artery fibromuscular hyperplasia. The various causes of intrarenal artery fistula, congenital and acquired, are considered. It is suggested that rupture or erosion of an aneurysm characteristically observed in fibromuscular hyperplasia may possibly have been responsible for the renal arteriovenous fistula in this patient. There is histologic evidence to suspect that variants of fibromuscular hyperplasia, the renal artery fibroplasias, may have been present but unrecognized in cases of intrarenal arteriovenous fistula previously reported and classified as congenital. Rupture of an aneurysm associated with these fibroplasias may have created the renal fistulas. Thus, the renal artery fibroplasias may be a heretofore unrecognized cause of renal artery fistula.
Vitamin B 12, serum folate, and hypochromic anaemia.
Authors: P. H. Johnson, I. Forrest-Hay, C. Giles
Journal: BMJ (1969)

the high association between trichomoniasis, and gonorrhoea should be borne in mind in the management and treatment of these infec- tions when the presence of either cannot be discounted totally, and when symptoms per- sist or reinfection occurs in the partner concerned.
When Jennie Took to Bed
Authors: Roscoe E. Dean
Journal: JAMA (1986)

When Jennie took to bed years ago, Uncle Bill and Aunt Jennie were living comfortably in their South Dakota homestead farm home.  Bill and Jennie were brother and sister. Bill was a farmer and gentleman. Neither was married. Their parents had emigrated from an area near Prague in eastern Europe to Dakota territory, where, through sheer willpower and common sense, sickness and injuries were accepted and treated with patience and prayer.  Jennie accepted with no obvious reservations the responsibility of raising the orphaned children of her sister, who died while being operated on for what was apparently a ruptured appendix. One of the girls she raised was my mother.  Jennie was a beautiful woman of quiet dignity. All who knew her instinctively accepted her as a person of authority. She had the ability to analyze problems and make correct decisions in a straightforward way. I suppose she could be referred
Combat Zone: Residency Training
Authors: Henry R. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Public Law 93-641 signed by President Ford on Jan 4, 1975, authorized the establishment of a network of health systems agencies in the several states. The primary function of these agencies is to promote and develop health resources and services in their regions through an orderly planning process. The law defines "resource" to include manpower as well as facilities. In all likelihood, many of the individuals currently involved in manpower planning will become identified with the health systems agencies now being organized in their states. It is reasonable to expect that in states that have a low physician-population ratio, such as Alaska, Montana, Wyoming, Nevada, and North Dakota, state governments will be urged to establish graduate medical training programs on the assumption that physicians are more likely to set up practice in the state where they served as residents. At present, the US House of Representatives has under consideration HR
Intact nerve supply for eczema: reply from authors
Authors: M.M.U. Chowdhury, R. Hedges, S.W. Lanigan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Intact nerve supply for eczema: reply from authors Get access M.M.U. Chowdhury, M.M.U. Chowdhury Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Princess of Wales Hospital, Coity Road, Bridgend CF31 1RQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Hedges, R. Hedges Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Princess of Wales Hospital, Coity Road, Bridgend CF31 1RQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.W. Lanigan S.W. Lanigan Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Princess of Wales Hospital, Coity Road, Bridgend CF31 1RQ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 6, 1 June 2001, Pages 1270–1271, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04252.x Published: 01 June 2001
Serious disease saves life:
Authors: G Boss
Journal: BMJ (1997)

My first contact with medicine was in the 1930s, watching my father perform tonsillectomies in his consulting room. The patient, usually a child, would be strapped to the pedestal and arms of a revolving chair, small children sitting on their mother's knee. A few drops of ether on the Schimmelbusch mask induced unconsciousness–more or less–and postoperative haemostasis was assisted by consuming an icecream which, at a given signal, I hurried out to buy. Until my father could afford his own premises, he had shared his father's consulting room, which was divided by a curtain. My grandfather, a general practitioner, would suggest to a patient that perhaps all was not …
Poisoning by Cantharidin
Authors: L. C. Nickolls, D. Teare
Journal: BMJ (1954)

Cantharidin is the active principle of a species of beetle of which the Spanish fly, Cantharis vesicatoria, is probably the best known.The Russian and Chinese species, Mylabris cichorii and M. phalerata, contain the same principle.Cantharidin is the anhydride of the unstable cantharidic acid and has the formula C,oH1204; it occurs
Climbing through Medicine's Glass Ceiling
Authors: Nancy C. Andrews
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Earlier this year, I was named the first female dean of the Duke University School of Medicine, an event that National Public Radio summed up in the headline: “Andrews Makes History at Duke Med School.” Why should the appointment of a woman dean still be big news in 2007? Perhaps because, with a few localized exceptions, there has been little change since the 1970s in the barriers to women's full participation in academic medicine.I happen to believe strongly that diversifying all levels of academic medicine is not only politically correct, it is also the way to make our institutions . . .
East Asia is most at risk of human flu epidemic, experts say
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The UK Medical Research Council (MRC) is flying experts on influenza to East Asia in a bid to boost flu surveillance programmes, so scientists will be able to pick up signs if a pandemic is about to ensue.

The westward spread of the H5N1 strain of avian flu—which has already killed 60 people—from China to Europe's borders in just 18 months has alarmed veterinary experts and virologists. The UK government published guidance for doctors on its website on Thursday this week, after the BMJ went to press.

However, it is in China, Vietnam, and Hong Kong where most infected flocks …
Extreme Hyperthermia After LSD Ingestion
Authors: Steven Arthur Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Hyperthermia is a known effect of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). This is, to our knowledge, the first recorded instance of life-threatening hyperthermia (106.4 F [41.3 C] axillary) in man, following the use of LSD, and may have been dose-related. The hyperthermia was rapidly reversed by alcoholic-ice soaks, hallucinations ended about 18 hours later, and the patient recovered without obvious mental or physical injury.
New Horizons in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Authors: Robert F. LaPrade, Marc F. Swiontkowski
Journal: JAMA (1999)

OSTEOARTHRITIS IS NOT SIMPLY A degenerative disorder. Rather, it is a complex derangement of articular surfaces that involves the loss of normal collagen architecture followed by an attempt by chondrocytes to produce replacement cartilage. The replacement surface is less resistant to wear than the original. Over time, fullthickness cartilage loss may develop on the articular surfaces. Symptoms of osteoarthritis include joint pain, typically worse with use and eased with rest, and joint stiffness after nonuse. The pain can become persistent. In the past, failure of symptomatic treatment, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and physical therapy, has left joint replacement as the principal option in the care of more severely affected patients. However, in recent years, 3 new intra-articular procedures have shown promise for some patients with articular cartilage defects of the knee. Multiyear follow-up has shown encouraging results for these treatments of diffuse osteoarthritis and focal articular defects of the knee. Focal articular cartilage defects, often found in young adults, have been increasingly recognized as a cause of functional problems. To date, only lesions on the femoral condyles and trochlear groove have been effectively treated. Two techniques to treat these lesions, autogenous cartilage implantation (ACI) and autogenous osteochondral grafting, improved knee function in 2to 5-year follow-ups in carefully selected patients. Patients most likely to benefit are those with normal knee alignment, no evidence of ligamentous instability, and no evidence of arthritis on the corresponding tibial surface. In general, the radiographs of these patients’ knees are normal or near normal, with little evidence of joint space narrowing or osteophyte formation in weight-bearing radiographs. For the more common condition of diffuse osteoarthritis of the knee, the Food and Drug Administration has approved the intra-articular injection of forms of hyaluronic acid in more advanced cases. Technically classified as a device rather than a drug, hyaluronic acid compound injection has been used outside the United States, with functional improvement in up to 77% of patients.
Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomes contribute to cytokine and leukotriene production in allergic asthma
Authors: P. Torregrosa Paredes, J. Esser, C. Admyre, M. Nord, Q. K. Rahman, A. Lukic, O. Rådmark, R. Grönneberg, J. Grunewald, A. Eklund, A. Scheynius, S. Gabrielsson
Journal: Allergy (2012)

Abstract Background Leukotrienes ( LT s) are potent pro‐inflammatory mediators involved in asthma. Exosomes, nanosized vesicles released from various cells, can stimulate or down‐regulate immune responses, depending on the state and nature of the originating cell. We have recently shown an altered exosome profile in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ( BALF ) of patients with sarcoidosis, but their role in asthma is unknown. Our aims were to investigate whether exosomes from BALF have LT biosynthetic capacity and to explore phenotypic and functional characteristics of BALF exosomes in asthma. Methods Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomes were collected from healthy individuals ( n = 13) and patients with mild allergic asthma to birch pollen ( n = 12) before and after birch allergen provocation. Exosomes were characterized by flow cytometry and Western blot. Their capacity to induce IL ‐8 and LT production in the human bronchial epithelial cell ( BEC ) line 16 HB 14o‐ was measured by ELISA and reverse‐phase HPLC , respectively. Results Compared to BALF exosomes from healthy individuals, BALF exosomes from asthmatics displayed higher levels of exosome‐associated markers, such as the tetraspanins CD 63 and CD 81 and the scavenger receptor CD 36. No major differences were observed between BALF exosomes from before and after allergen provocation. Furthermore, we show that BALF exosomes contain enzymes for LT biosynthesis. The effect of exosomes to promote LTC 4 and IL ‐8 release in BEC was significantly increased for exosomes from asthmatics, and the Cys LT 1 receptor antagonist Montelukast reduced exosome‐induced IL ‐8 secretion. Conclusions Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid exosomes from asthmatic and healthy individuals exhibit distinct phenotypes and functions. BALF exosomes from asthmatics might contribute to subclinical inflammation by increasing cytokine and LTC 4 generation in airway epithelium.
Assessing exposures to inhaled complex mixtures.
Authors: B P Leaderer, P J Lioy, J D Spengler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

In the course of daily activities, individuals spend varying amounts of time in different spaces where they are exposed to a complex mixture of gas, vapor, and particulate contaminants. The term complex is used in this paper to refer to binary mixtures as well as truly complex mixtures of three or more constituents. The diversity of the environments where pollution may occur, the number of pollutants that may be present, and the nature of the activity in the environment combine to pose a challenge to investigators of the health effects of air pollutants. This article discusses several methods of measuring or assessing exposure to complex mixture air contaminants that include time-activity assessments, personal monitoring, biomarkers of exposure, and microenvironmental models that can be employed singly or in combination in a protocol for exposure assessment. The use of nested designs, involving more intensive data collection from samples or subjects, is also considered.
Glial cell degeneration and hypomyelination caused by overexpression of myelin proteolipid protein gene
Authors: Tetsushi Kagawa, Kazuhiro Ikenaka, Yoshiro Inoue, Shigeki Kuriyama, Tadasu Tsujii, Junji Nakao, Kazunori Nakajima, Jun Aruga, Hideyuki Okano, Katsuhiko Mikoshiba
Journal: Neuron (1994)
Riluzone may help survival in motor neurone disease
Authors: J Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1994)

A French research team has reported a small gain in the understanding of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. But although there was widespread news coverage about it in Europe and the United States, scientists remain sceptical.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis affects upper motor neurones, and little more is known about it today than when it was first described by Charcot in 1865. It is a rare disease, striking about 1 in 100 000 adults a year, and is progressive, destroying neurones in the cortex, brain stem, and spinal cord. It is inevitably fatal, killing patients in middle age usually within four years of onset. It has claimed the lives of several well known people, such as the actor David Niven and the …
Influence of infarct-related artery patency on the indexes of parasympathetic activity and prevalence of late potentials in survivors of acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Antonio G. Hermosillo, Miguel Dorado, J.Miguel Casanova, Sergio Ponce de Leon, Jorge Cossio, Sergio Kersenovich, Luis Colin, Pedro Iturralde
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
CHRONIC ATOPIC ECZEMA (NEURODERMATITIS) IN CHILDHOOD
Authors: LEWIS WEBB HILL
Journal: JAMA (1934)

It is common for infantile eczema to improve with age and to disappear during the second year. This is not always so, however. In a series of 900 cases of eczema in infants and young children, 210 occurred between the ages of 2 and 12 years. In 127 of these the eczema had existed since early infancy; in eightythree it began after the second year. It is the first group that I propose to discuss: chronic eczema in childhood, which had its inception in early infancy. This eczema is characterized by papulation and thickening, but with little vesiculation. The classic case shows involvement of the antecubital and postpopliteal spaces, the wrists and the neck. The skin in these areas is dull red and thick, with a few small papules which are excoriated from scratching. It is often very thick and leathery, without much papulation, but with many furrows, and a
Impact of graft-versus-host disease on outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for adult T-cell leukemia: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Junya Kanda, Masakatsu Hishizawa, Atae Utsunomiya, Shuichi Taniguchi, Tetsuya Eto, Yukiyoshi Moriuchi, Ryuji Tanosaki, Fumio Kawano, Yasushi Miyazaki, Masato Masuda, Koji Nagafuji, Masamichi Hara, Minoko Takanashi, Shunro Kai, Yoshiko Atsuta, Ritsuro Suzuki, Takakazu Kawase, Keitaro Matsuo, Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue, Shunichi Kato, Hisashi Sakamaki, Yasuo Morishima, Jun Okamura, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Takashi Uchiyama
Journal: Blood (2012)
Is endoaneurysmorrhaphy superior to linear suture for left ventricular aneurysm repair?
Authors: Andrea Colli, Flavio Cocconcelli Cocconcelli, Marco Barchetti, Marco Golinelli, Nasser Asgharnejad Fahim, Alessandro Navazio, Roberto Parravicini, Tiziano Gherli, Villa Salus, Reggio Emilia
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Effective Treatment of Advanced Multiple Myeloma Refractory to Alkylating Agents
Authors: Bart Barlogie, Lon Smith, Raymond Alexanian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Twenty-nine patients with advanced refractory multiple myeloma were treated with intermittent high-dose dexamethasone in combination with four-day infusions of vincristine and doxorubicin. Rapid and marked tumor-mass reduction (>75 per cent) was noted in 14 of 20 patients whose disease was resistant to alkylating agents and in 3 of 9 patients with additional resistance to doxorubicin — a result far superior to those in previous trials with similar patients. In responsive patients, remissions were of excellent quality, and survival was significantly longer than in unresponsive patients. (N Engl J Med 1984; 310:1353–6.)
Retinopathy Identifies Marked Restriction of Coronary Flow Reserve in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Takashi Akasaka, Kiyoshi Yoshida, Takeshi Hozumi, Tsutomu Takagi, Shuichiro Kaji, Takahiro Kawamoto, Shigefumi Morioka, Junichi Yoshikawa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)
Nicholas Copernicus: Physician and Astronomer
Authors: Victor M. Pilson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> My first impression on reading "Nicholas Copernicus: Eminent Representative of 16th Century Polish Medicine" inThe Journalof May 18, 1964 (<b>188</b>:668) was that there were two separate individuals who had the same appellation attached to them—Copernicus the astronomer and Copernicus the erudite physician. With a little investigation I learned they were one and the same. Therefore, I must conclude that the communication was slanted towards his minor achievements. There is no mention of his greatest contribution to mankind,<i>De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium</i>, which was published after his demise. With this masterpiece he revolutionized celestial thinking of planet motions by overthrowing the Ptolemaic system, which had reigned for 14 centuries. Until his day, all scholars, except some of the Greeks, believed the earth to be stationary and the center of the universe. He is credited with changing, by independent thinking, the prevailing opinion on this matter.
CLINICAL OUTCOMES OF ROTATIONAL ATHERECTOMY FOLLOWED BY FIRST-GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION VERSUS SECOND-GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENT IMPLANTATION
Authors: Norihiro Kobayashi, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, keisuke hirano, Masatsugu Nakano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Compound and Digenic Heterozygosity Contributes to Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tianhong Xu, Zhao Yang, Matteo Vatta, Alessandra Rampazzo, Giorgia Beffagna, Kalliopi Pillichou, Steven E. Scherer, Jeffrey Saffitz, Joshua Kravitz, Wojciech Zareba, Gian Antonio Danieli, Alessandra Lorenzon, Andrea Nava, Barbara Bauce, Gaetano Thiene, Cristina Basso, Hugh Calkins, Kathy Gear, Frank Marcus, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Physicians and Outpatient Diagnostic Imaging: Overexposed?-Reply
Authors: George T. Olson
Journal: JAMA (1993)

In Reply.  —We thank Drs Alagona, Cooley, and Varipapa for their interest in our research. Their letters do not directly address the design or findings of our study—that depending on the patient's clinical presentation, self-referral for diagnostic imaging examinations in office practice results in 1.7 to 7.7 times higher utilization and 1.6 to 6.2 times higher costs than when physicians refer their patients to radiologists. Rather, they present, in anecdotal fashion, their perceptions about some related issues, specifically patient convenience, the relative quality of imaging by radiologists and self-referring physicians, and radiologists' suggesting follow-up studies.  As Alagona notes, it is more convenient for patients to receive imaging examinations in the offices of their physicians. However, implicit in Alagona's statement is that convenience may importantly contribute to the observed higher utilization by promoting the performance of marginal examinations that otherwise might not be performed. The policy issue raised by our research
Irbesartan compared with lisinopril in patients with mild to moderate heart failure
Authors: N. Vijay, I.A. Alhaddad, D. Marty Denny, D. Ruff, M. Yasin, L. Yellen, S. Lyver, C. Bryson, C.-S. Lin, R.A. Wolf
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
The Plantar Reflex of the Newborn
Authors: Gwendolyn R. Hogan, Janice E. Milligan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

IN 1896 Babinski1 described his renowned pathologic reflex and also stated that "tickling the foot normally provokes extension in the toes of newborns." Most modern pediatric textbooks2 , 3 proffer his views as fact, but a search of the literature reveals that the data to support this observation are conflicting and inconclusive.4 5 6 We therefore decided that a clear definition of the newborn plantar response is necessary.Methods and MaterialsOne hundred infants admitted to the West Virginia University Hospital newborn nursery over a two-month period were examined. The ages varied from two hours to seven days. All the babies in the nursery, . . .
Investigating the solitary pulmonary nodule
Authors: W. McNulty, G. Cox, I. Au-Yong
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The presence of a solitary pulmonary nodule raises the suspicion of cancer and requires careful further investigation to determine whether it is malignant or benign #### Learning points An 81 year old man presented to the emergency department with a one week history of fever, cough, and right sided chest pain. He had had a myocardial infarction in 2004 but was otherwise well. He had a 50 pack-year smoking history. Clinical examination was unremarkable. His chest x ray showed a left mid-zone nodule (fig 1⇓). He was treated for a lower respiratory tract infection and referred to the lung cancer clinic with two week wait for an appointment. Fig 1 Patient’s chest x ray showing a left mid-zone nodule (arrow) The chest x ray is often the first investigation where a solitary pulmonary nodule is detected. A solitary pulmonary nodule is a rounded opacity, well or poorly defined, measuring up to 3 cm in diameter.1 They may represent early lung cancer, and prompt detection and treatment may improve clinical outcome. However, some nodules are benign, and determining which require further investigation may be difficult. Some common differential diagnoses are listed in box 1.2 3 #### Box 1 Common causes of a solitary pulmonary nodule23 ##### Malignant
THE TREATMENT OF PNEUMONIA
Authors: OSCAR W. BETHEA
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The treatment of pneumonia with specific serums offers so much of promise that it would be inadvisable and unwise to do less than commend and encourage the further intensive study of this development of therapy. However, it is possible that this phase of treatment has proved so fascinating, has so intrigued the interest of the masters of medicine, that other considerations are being somewhat neglected in current medical literature. It must be remembered that polyvalent serums are still in the experimental stage and that specific serums are of proved value in only a small percentage of the total of pneumonia cases, particularly when the large number of the epidemic influenza variety are included that have been occurring in the last twelve years. In only a small percentage of the cases for which there is a specific serum are the facilities available for hospitalization or laboratory study, and most of these