tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Short contact anthralin in the treatment of psoriasis: a study of different contact times
Authors: K.J.S. MACDONALD, JANET MARKS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Eighteen patients with chronic plaque psoriasis were investigated in two groups to determine the optimal contact time for the application of 2% anthralin, within the range immediate removal to removal at 20 min. It was found that clinical efficacy, assessed by times to plaque clearing, and side effects of treatment, i.e. erythema and staining, were independent of anthralin contact time. There seemed to be a relationship between erythema induction and skin type.
Acute Dystonic Reaction Due to Benzquinamide
Authors: THOMAS E. ROSE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Letters1 August 1975Acute Dystonic Reaction Due to BenzquinamideTHOMAS E. ROSE, M.D., STEVEN D. AVERBUCH, B.S., R.PH.THOMAS E. ROSE, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STEVEN D. AVERBUCH, B.S., R.PH.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-83-2-231_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAcute dystonic reaction due to short-term, low-dose prochlorperazine (Compazine®) therapy is a well-known adverse drug reaction (1) that occurs in approximately 0.5% of the general medical patient-population (2). We report here a case in which a patient developed a dystonic reaction when given a single dose of benzquinamide (Emete-con®), an antiemetic agent chemically unrelated to the phenothiazines.A 30-year-old man was admitted to receive chemotherapy for his Hodgkin's disease (stage IV, nodular). This diagnosis was originally made in 1972, and he has been treated with six cycles of COPP combination chemotherapy (Cytoxan®, Oncovin®, procarbazine, prednisone). He is currently receiving the...References1. AYD F: A survey of drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions. JAMA 175:1054-1060, 1961 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. : Druginduced extrapyramidal symptoms. JAMA 224:889-891, 1973 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. KLEINGRAVESKIM RCY: Inhibition of apomorphineinduced vomiting by benzquinamide. Clin Pharmacol Ther 11: 99-106, 1970 CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BISHOPGALLANT MD: Behavioral toxicity associated with benzquinamide (Quantril) therapy in schizophrenic patients. Am J Psychiatry 120:180-181, 1963 CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. SCHAAFPAYNE MC: Dystonic reactions to prochlorperazine in hypoparathyroidism. N Engl J Med 275:991-995, 1966 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Chicago Hospitals and Clinics Chicago, Illinois 60637 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFluorine containing phosphazene polymersThe DystoniasDrug-induced dystonic reactions 1 August 1975Volume 83, Issue 2Page: 231-232KeywordsAdverse reactionsChemotherapyCombination chemotherapyHodgkin lymphomaPhenothiazineProcarbazine Issue Published: 1 August 1975 PDF downloadLoading ...
Insulin sensitivity of protein and glucose metabolism in human forearm skeletal muscle.
Authors: R J Louard, D A Fryburg, R A Gelfand, E J Barrett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Physiologic increases of insulin promote net amino acid uptake and protein anabolism in forearm skeletal muscle by restraining protein degradation. The sensitivity of this process to insulin is not known. Using the forearm perfusion method, we infused insulin locally in the brachial artery at rates of 0.00 (saline control), 0.01, 0.02, 0.035, or 0.05 mU/min per kg for 150 min to increase local forearm plasma insulin concentration by 0, approximately 20, approximately 35, approximately 60, and approximately 120 microU/ml (n = 35). L-[ring-2,6-3H]phenylalanine and L-[1-14C]leucine were infused systemically, and the net forearm balance, rate of appearance (Ra) and rate of disposal (R(d)) of phenylalanine and leucine, and forearm glucose balance were measured basally and in response to insulin infusion. Compared to saline, increasing rates of insulin infusion progressively increased net forearm glucose uptake from 0.9 mumol/min per 100 ml (saline) to 1.0, 1.8, 2.4, and 4.7 mumol/min per 100 ml forearm, respectively. Net forearm balance for phenylalanine and leucine was significantly less negative than basal (P < 0.01 for each) in response to the lowest dose insulin infusion, 0.01 mU/min per kg, and all higher rates of insulin infusion. Phenylalanine and leucine R(a) declined by approximately 38 and 40% with the lowest dose insulin infusion. Higher doses of insulin produced no greater effect (decline in R(a) varied between 26 and 42% for phenylalanine and 30-50% for leucine). In contrast, R(d) for phenylalanine and leucine did not change with insulin. We conclude that even modest increases of plasma insulin can markedly suppress proteolysis, measured by phenylalanine R(a), in human forearm skeletal muscle. Further increments of insulin within the physiologic range augment glucose uptake but have little additional effect on phenylalanine R(a) or balance. These results suggest that proteolysis in human skeletal muscle is more sensitive than glucose uptake to physiologic increments in insulin.
517 KNOCKDOWN OF CTGF BY RNAI INHIBITS GROWTH AND ACTIVATION OF HEPATIC STELLATE CELLS AND FIBROSIS OF CCL4-CIRRHOTIC LIVER (RUNNING TITLE) CTGF RNAI INHIBITS LIVER FIBROSIS
Authors: C.Q. Hao, M. Peng, Y. Xie, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, P. Wang, X. Bai
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Chorionic Gonadotropin In Choriocarcinoma
Authors: Charles K. Tashima
Journal: JAMA (1972)

To the Editor.—  Although Stilp et al 1 recommended assay of cerebrospinal fluid for chorionic gonadotropin in metastatic choriocarcinoma of the brain, in none of their four cases are such titers reported. Curiously, their first reference 2 does not mention the use of cerebrospinal fluid titers.  I wish to call your attention to an article 3 that describes two patients with markedly elevated titers attributable to brain metastases from choriocarcinoma. We reported cerebrospinal fluid titers in ten patients and suggested that titration of the cerebrospinal fluid for chorionic gonadotropin may be useful in diagnosing intracranial metastatic choriocarcinoma.
Assessing the benefits of hemicraniectomy: what is a favourable outcome? – Authors' reply
Authors: Katayoun Vahedi, Jeannette Hofmeijer, Eric Juettler, Eric Vicaut, Bernard George, Ale Algra, G Johan Amelink, Peter Schmiedeck, Stefan Schwab, Peter M Rothwell
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2007)
Patient Characteristics Associated with Use of Monoclonal Antibody Treatment in Women with Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis.
Authors: D. McNally, I. Zuckerman, N. Pandya, B. Seal, C. Mullins
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Introduction: Monoclonal antibodies (MoATB) were FDA approved for the treatment of patients with breast cancer (BrCA) whose tumors over expressed the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in 1998. We sought to determine if certain patient characteristics and co-morbidities influenced MoATB use in a population-based practice setting of elderly women with metastatic BrCA. Methods: We identified female Medicare beneficiaries aged 66+ years diagnosed with incident metastatic BrCA without prior history for any cancer between 1999 and 2005 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results cancer registries (SEER). Charlson Co-morbidity index (CCI) and separate conditions within the index were created using linked Medicare claims in the year prior to the BrCA diagnosis. We identified both oral and infused chemotherapy (CH) from the Medicare claims from 1999 to 2006. Patients were categorized into three groups: no CH, MoATB+/-CH, and CH w/out MoATB. We performed bivariate statistics to compare the patient characteristics and comorbidities between the three groups, and the treatments groups only. Results: There were 3,820 women with metastatic BrCA, mean age 77 (SD 7.3) years, 81% were white race, 29% were married and 91% lived in an urban setting. 67% of these women (n=2,562) received no CH, 26% received CH w/out MoATB (n=994) and 7% received MoATB+/-CH (n=264). Overall the CCI was lower for women receiving either treatment as compared to no chemotherapy and between treatment groups for the young old (66-75 years) but not those aged 80+ years. The prevalence of congestive heart failure (CHF) and cerebrovascular disease was significantly lower in women receiving MoATB +/-CH, as compared to only CH, and also lower in both compared to no CH (n=2,462). Few women presenting with COPD or dementia were likely to be treated with either CH and/or MoATB compared to No CH. Other co-morbidity conditions within the CCI were not statistically different between the groups or the cell numbers were too small to analyze. Conclusion: MoATB use in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer steadily increased from 5% in 1999 to 23% in 2004. Use in 2005 was slightly lower but will be recalculated once the 2007 claims are available. In 2008, FDA released a black box warning for trastuzumab, the most frequently prescribed MoATB for BrCA, regarding the potential for the development of cardiomyopathy. Our results suggest that co-morbidities in particular CHF and cerebrovascular disease may influence the decision to use MoATB. Further research is necessary to examine the relationship between co-morbidities and the use of MoATB in the treatment of metastatic breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2057.
Immunoablative High-Dose Cyclophosphamide without Stem-Cell Rescue for Refractory, Severe Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Robert A. Brodsky
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Immunoablative high-dose cyclophosphamide without stem-cell rescue induces durable, complete remission in most patients with aplastic anemia. Objective: To determine the efficacy of high-dose cyclophosphamide in various refractory, severe autoimmune diseases. Design: Prospective phase II study. Setting: Johns Hopkins University (Baltimore, Maryland) and Hahnemann University (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania). Patients: Eight patients with refractory, severe autoimmune disease. Intervention: Immunoablative high-dose cyclophosphamide (50 mg/kg of body weight per day) for 4 consecutive days. Measurements: Clinical and laboratory variables of autoimmune disease. Results: Seven patients improved markedly: Five achieved complete remission and two achieved partial remission. Four patients have remained in continuous complete remission for 3 to 21 months, and two patients in partial remission continue to improve after 14 and 19 months of follow-up. High-dose cyclophosphamide was well tolerated; median times to a neutrophil count of 0.5 × 109 cells/L and platelet transfusion independence were 17 and 16 days, respectively. Conclusions: Immunoablative high-dose cyclophosphamide without stem-cell rescue can induce complete remission in patients with refractory, severe autoimmune disease. Reemergence of marrow function is similar to that seen after autologous transplantation and does not carry the risk for reinfusion of autoaggressive lymphocytes with the autograft.
Neurotrophic factors, neuronal selectionism, and neuronal proliferation
Authors: T. Elliott, N. R. Shadbolt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Quartz &amp; Sejnowski (Q&amp;S) disregard evidence that suggests that their view of dendrites is inadequate and they ignore recent results concerning the role of neurotrophic factors in synaptic remodelling. They misrepresent neuronal selectionism and thus erect a straw-man argument. Finally, the results discussed in section 4.2 require neuronal proliferation, but this does not occur during the period of neuronal development of relevance here.
Overexpression of <i>DPAGT1</i> Leads to Aberrant <i>N</i>-Glycosylation of E-Cadherin and Cellular Discohesion in Oral Cancer
Authors: Mihai Nita-Lazar, Vikki Noonan, Ivan Rebustini, Janice Walker, A. Sue Menko, Maria A. Kukuruzinska
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Cancer cells are frequently characterized by aberrant increases in protein N-glycosylation and by disruption of E-cadherin–mediated adherens junctions. The relationship between altered N-glycosylation and loss of E-cadherin adhesion in cancer, however, remains unclear. Previously, we reported that complex N-glycans on the extracellular domains of E-cadherin inhibited the formation of mature adherens junctions. Here, we examined whether dysregulated N-glycosylation was one of the underlying causes for cellular discohesion in oral cancer. We show that dense cultures of human salivary epidermoid carcinoma A253 cells exhibited elevated expression of DPAGT1, the gene that initiates protein N-glycosylation. Overexpression of DPAGT1 correlated with the production of E-cadherin–bearing complex N-glycans in nascent adherens junctions. Partial inhibition of DPAGT1 with small interfering RNA reduced the complex N-glycans of E-cadherin and increased the abundance of α-catenin and stabilizing proteins in adherens junctions. This was associated with the assembly of functional tight junctions. The inverse relationship between DPAGT1 expression and intercellular adhesion was a feature of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral squamous cell carcinomas displayed overexpression of DPAGT1 that correlated with diminished localization of E-cadherin and α-catenin at the sites of adherens junctions. Our studies show for the first time that DPAGT1 is an upstream regulator of E-cadherin N-glycosylation status and adherens junction composition and suggest that dysregulation of DPAGT1 causes disturbances in intercellular adhesion in oral cancer. [Cancer Res 2009;69(14):5673–80]
RELATIONSHIP OF CORONARY ARTERY PLAQUE COMPOSITION TO CORONARY ARTERY STENOSIS SEVERITY: RESULTS FROM THE PROSPECTIVE MULTICENTER ACCURACY TRIAL
Authors: James Min, Michael Edwardes, Fay Y. Lin, Troy M. Labounty, Nina Koduru, Jonathan W. Weinsaft, Jin-Ho Choi, Augustin Delago, Leslee J. Shaw, Daniel S. Berman, Matthew J. Budoff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Mark Baker replies to Daghni Rajasingam and Kate Harding
Authors: M. Baker
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Daghni Rajasingam and Kate Harding made several errors in their editorial on the draft guideline on intrapartum care recently released for consultation by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).1

The draft update of NICE’s intrapartum care guidance, which is still being developed, deals with the care of women who start normal labour without complications. It is not about “obstetric practice” as such. NICE will be developing a separate guideline for pregnant women at high risk of complications during birth who need to deliver in hospital.

The advisory Guideline Development Group (GDG) charged with updating the 2007 NICE guidance on intrapartum care is composed of relevant experts. These include three midwives, two …
Bone Scintigraphic Images of a Patient With Unusual Metastatic Alveolar Soft-Part Sarcoma
Authors: Yu-Yi Lin, Te-Chun Hsieh, Chia-Hung Kao, Chih-Hsiu Wang, Yu-Chin Wu, Kuo-Yang Yen, Shung-Shung Sun
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

Alveolar soft-part sarcoma (ASPS) is a rare soft tissue tumor. Most patients with ASPS present with metastatic disease. The most common sites of metastasis are in the lungs and brain, whereas bone metastases are relatively uncommon. This case illustrates a rare presentation of metastatic ASPS with foot pain secondary to metatarsal metastasis. Initially, the primary tumor occurred in the left distal thigh. Four years later, brain and lung metastases were found. Another 9 months later, bone metastasis in the right foot was suspected clinically and was confirmed on bone scanning, with additional imaging and histopathology.
Type Two or Localized Endobronchial Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Murali Meka, Rosna Trocheva Mirtcheva, Donald Fishman, Munir Ghesani
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

We present chest x-ray, chest CT, and FDG PET images of a patient diagnosed with endobronchial lymphoma. The commonly involved thoracic structures in non-Hodgkin lymphoma are mediastinal lymph nodes. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma involving the tracheobronchial tree is rare. Localized primary endobronchial lymphoma confined to the tracheobronchial tree with no dissemination classified as type-2 is extremely rare. This is a report describing the type-2 endobronchial DLBCL. The patient also had a history of rheumatoid arthritis and was treated with methotrexate for 10 years. The other interesting aspect of this case is its association with rheumatoid arthritis and methotrexate treatment. Although there are reports documenting this type of association in the literature, there is almost no documented evidence of this association specifically with type-2 endobronchial non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Comparison of Early Retreatment with the Standard Regimen in Verteporfin Therapy of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Stephan Michels, Joachim Wachtlin, Maria A. Gamulescu, Heinrich Heimann, Christian Prünte, Werner Inhoffen, Ilse Krebs, Ursula Schmidt-Erfurth
Journal: Ophthalmology (2005)
EPILOGUE TO THE SERIES ENTITLED "THE NATURE OF FIBROSITIS"
Authors: Michael Kelly
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1946)

THE NATURE OF FIBROSITIS rheumatic lesions which follow a febrile illness (e.g.rheumatic fever); and for so-called " psychogenic" rheumatism.5. The fibrositic lesion is the basic unit of rheu- matic disease, which presents characteristic appear- ances in joints only because of the special qualities of the articular structures.6. Reference is made to the fact that the clinical teachers of last century generally took the view that rheumatism was a disorder of the central nervous system.
Website of the week: Bullying
Authors: C. Martyn
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A paper in this week's BMJ (p 480) reports an association between emotional problems in teenagers and being bullied. Bullying, whether at school or at work, is a fashionable subject. To the tough minded, it's often used as an excuse: a way of shifting the blame for personal failure or unhappiness. To the tender hearted, it's a serious threat to psychological health.

Not surprisingly, most websites reflect the latter view. Some, such as www.childline.org.uk/factsheets/bullying1.htm, offer commonsense advice and support. But others seem more concerned with publicising the scale of the problem than with critical appraisal of the evidence. The home page of www.bully.org, for example, leads with a tabloid style headline about a 14 year old Canadian college student who shot two of his classmates after years of relentless peer victimisation. www.applesforhealth.com/bullying1.html makes the scarcely believable claim that 80% of US middle school students admitted to having engaged in bullying in the last two weeks and quotes from William Pollack, author of a book entitled Real Boys, Real Men and Real Depression, who finds that bullies are the most depressed boys he's observed.

Well known people confess how they were bullied at school at www.bbc.co.uk/education/archive/bully/celeb.shtml. If you're someone who inclines to the tough minded view, you might change your mind after reading what the industrialist Sir John Harvey Jones, the explorer Ranulph Fiennes, and others not noted for their wimpish outlook have to say.

People do not think of themselves as bullies. They tell themselves that they are just being assertive, giving strong leadership, or disinclined to suffer fools gladly. So it might be salutary to visit www.successunlimited.co.uk/bully/serial.htm to check out your management style and make sure that the place where you work really does have an antibullying ethos.
Abstract 1939: Augmenting effector function and abrogating Treg function by OX40 costimulation enhances adoptive transfer tumor-specific CTL response
Authors: Satoshi Murata, Tomoyuki Ueki, Naomi Kitamura, Eiji Mekata, Tomoharu Shimizu, Hisanori Shiomi, Hajime Abe, Shigeyuki Naka, Takeshi Tatsuta, Tsuyoshi Yamaguchi, Tsuyoshi Mori, Tomoko Umeda, Yoshihiro Kubota, Hirotomi Cho, Hiroshi Yamamoto, Yoshihiro Endo, Yoshimasa Kurumi, Tohru Tani
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We have recently shown that OX40 (CD134) costimulation provided with GM-CSF-secreting vaccine can bypass CD8+ T cell tolerance. OX40 costimulation can also abrogate Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Treg)-mediated suppression of antitumor immunity by reducing Foxp3 expression on Tregs. In addition, OX40 costimulation can directly augment tumor-specific CTL function without CD4+ T cell help in vivo. Here we show that pre-treatment with agonistic anti-OX40 mAb augments the antitumor immune effects of adoptive CD8+ T cell therapy in the clinically relevant wild-type model, not TCR-transgenic, mouse model. CD8+ T cells stimulated with tumor antigen (HER2/neu immunodominant peptide and T2 cells), including a small number of tumor antigen-specific effector CD8+ T cells, were transferred into tumor-bearing FVB/N mice. We could detect the response of tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells that were adoptively transferred into the recipient mice, however, the response was not sufficient to eradicate an established tumor. In addition, we showed that pre-treatment with OX40 costimulation in tumor-bearing recipient in order to inhibit the Treg-mediated suppressive function enhanced tumor specific immune response of adoptively transferred CD8+ T cells in the recipients, thus resulting in the eradication of an established tumor. Moreover, adoptively transferred CTLs, with OX40 costimulation in vitro before transfer, significantly enhanced a tumor-specific immune response in the tumor-bearing recipient. Furthermore, when tumor antigen-specific CTLs costimulated through OX40 in vitro were adoptively transferred into the tumor-bearing recipients that had been pre-treated with OX40 costimulation to inhibit Treg function, transferred tumor-specific CTLs were effectively maintained in this recipient 7 times more than in the recipient with CTL transfer alone without OX40 treatment, and about 3 times more than in the recipient with a single treatment of OX40 costimulation. These findings therefore suggest that both direct enhancement of adoptive transfer CTL function and pre-inhibition of Treg-mediated suppressive function in recipients with OX40 costimulation are useful strategy for antitumor adoptive CTL therapy. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1939.
Codon Usage Biases of Transposable Elements and Host Nuclear Genes in <i>Arabidopsis Thaliana</i> and <i>Oryza Sativa</i>
Authors: Jia Jia, Qingzhong Xue
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2009)

Abstract Transposable elements (TEs) are mobile genetic entities ubiquitously distributed in nearly all genomes. High frequency of codons ending in A/T in TEs has been previously observed in some species. In this study, the biases in nucleotide composition and codon usage of TE transposases and host nuclear genes were investigated in the AT-rich genome of Arabidopsis thaliana and the GC-rich genome of Oryza sativa. Codons ending in A/T are more frequently used by TEs compared with their host nuclear genes. A remarkable positive correlation between highly expressed nuclear genes and C/G-ending codons were detected in O. sativa (r=0.944 and 0.839, respectively, P&amp;lt;0.0001) but not in A. thaliana, indicating a close association between the GC content and gene expression level in monocot species. In both species, TE codon usage biases are similar to that of weakly expressed genes. The expression and activity of TEs may be strictly controlled in plant genomes. Mutation bias and selection pressure have simultaneously acted on the TE evolution in A. thaliana and O. sativa. The consistently observed biases of nucleotide composition and codon usage of TEs may also provide a useful clue to accurately detect TE sequences in different species.