tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of sequential FDG-PET/CT to guide extent of axillay lymph node dissection in breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
Authors: B. Keam, S. Im, Y. Koh, S. Han, D. Oh, K. Kang, T. Kim, I. Park, D. Noh, Y. Bang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

588 Background: The involvement of axially lymph nodes (ALN) might be changed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The purpose of this study is to investigate the usefulness of sequential FDG-PET/CT for prediction of axillary nodal status after NAC. Methods: A total of 78 stage II or III breast cancer patients who received neoadjuvant docetaxel/doxorubicin chemotherapy were enrolled in this prospective study. The patients received 3 cycles of NAC followed by curative surgery, either breast-conserving surgery or mastectomy with level II or III ALN dissection. FDG-PET/CTs were acquired before chemotherapy and after the first cycle of chemotherapy for early metabolic response and nodal prediction. We obtained chest CTs twice, before and after 3 cycles of NAC. Results: The overall response rate to NAC was 82.1%. Pathologic nodal complete responses (pN0) were obtained in 22 patients (28.3%). Patients with pN0 showed significantly lower post-NAC ALN SUV than those who were pN+ (1.22 ± 1.43 in pN0 vs. 2.13 ± 1.99 in pN+, p = 0.016). Post NAC ALN size on CT also differed according to pathologic ALN status. (6.3 mm in pN0 vs. 11.1 mm in pN+, p = 0.008). When using ROC curve, optimal cutoff of post-ALN SUV was 1.5 (sensitivity 51.8%, specificity 86.4%, negative predictive value 41.3%, and positive predictive value 90.6%). When using both serial FDG-PET/CTs and chest CTs, patients with post-NAC SUV > 1.5 and post NAC ALN size ≥ 10 mm on CT did not achieve pN0 (specificity of 100%, and positive predictive value of 100%). Conclusions: Patients with post-NAC ALN SUV > 1.5 and post NAC ALN size ≥ 10 mm on CT did not achieve pN0. Our findings suggest that combined use of serial FDG-PET/CT and chest CT provide better information regarding ALN before surgery, and provide the guidance for determining an extent of ALN dissection. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Cognition and white matter hyperintensities in older depressed patients
Authors: I M Lesser, K B Boone, C M Mehringer, M A Wohl, B L Miller, N G Berman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors compared amounts of white matter hyperintensity in late- and early-onset depressed patients and never-depressed older subjects, compared neuropsychological function in these groups, and investigated the association between white matter hyperintensities and cognitive function in depression.Sixty currently depressed patients whose first depression occurred after age 50 years, 35 depressed patients over age 50 whose first depression occurred before age 35, and 165 nonpsychiatrically ill subjects over age 50 underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological evaluation. Areas of white matter hyperintensity were measured from MRI images.The late-onset patients had more white matter hyperintensity than either of the other groups. Compared to the nondepressed subjects, the patients had significantly lower scores in the cognitive domains of nonverbal intelligence, nonverbal memory, constructional ability, executive ability, and information processing speed. The cognitive abnormalities were mostly confined to the late-onset patients, and the presence of a large amount of white matter hyperintensity was associated with significantly poorer executive skills. However, most of the scores were not in the significantly impaired range.Large amounts of white matter hyperintensity are more frequent in patients with late-onsetdepression than in elderly subjects with early-onset or no depression. Both late- and early-onset elderly depressed patients show mild decrements in some "right hemisphere" cognitive skills; the late-onset subjects also show deterioration in information processing speed and executive functions. Patients with large amounts of white matter hyperintensity have significantly poorer executive function.
Abstract 13711: Incident Heart Failure Risk Stratification with Clinical Risk Factors, Natriuretic Peptides, and Echocardiography: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Vasiliki V Georgiopoulou, Christopher R deFilippi, John S Gottdiener, Javed Butler
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: NT-proBNP and echocardiography have suboptimal test characteristics for population-wide heart failure (HF) risk stratification in older adults. We examined the utility of these tools fo...
Myocardium at Risk in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Georg Fuernau, Ingo Eitel, Vinzenz Franke, Lysann Hildebrandt, Josefine Meissner, Suzanne de Waha, Philipp Lurz, Matthias Gutberlet, Steffen Desch, Gerhard Schuler, Holger Thiele
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Community transmission of influenza A (H1N1)v virus at a rock festival in Belgium, 2-5 July 2009
Authors: I Gutiérrez, A Litzroth, S Hammadi, H Van Oyen, C Gérard, E Robesyn, J Bots, M T Faidherbe, F Wuillaume
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

On 6 July 2009 the Belgian enhanced surveillance system for influenza-like illness among travellers returning from influenza A(H1N1)v affected areas detected a case linked to a rock festival which took place on 2-5 July. The health authorities implemented communication and control measures leading to the detection of additional cases. This paper describes the outbreak and its impact on the management of the influenza pandemic in Belgium.
Abstract 16873: A Human Model of Antibody Mediated Arteriosclerosis And Atherosclerosis
Authors: Alexandre Loupy, Carmen Lefaucheur, Dewi Vernerey, jean-Philippe Empana, Denis Glotz, Christophe Legendre, Xavier Jouven
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Animal models have suggested an association between antibodies (Ab), endothelial cells and the development of arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis. Our aim was to study the relationship between allo-antibodies and vascular injury in a human model of kidney transplantation where patients Ab levels are monitored and protocol biopsies performed with careful examination of renal cortical arteries. This study included all acute kidney rejection episodes of all 2717 kidney transplantations performed in 2 centers and individualized 302 patients with biopsy-proven acute rejection. We found that among these rejections, 64 patients (22%) had evidence of vascular rejection with donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies, characterized by intimal arteritis with monocytes/macrophages infiltrating the endothelium of arteries. Vascular rejection with antibodies progressed to more severe arteriosclerosis lesions at 1 year post-transplantation as compared to rejection without arteritis (p&lt;0.01). Vascular rejection with anti-HLA antibodies and high grade arteritis showed lipid accumulation in arteries that was not observed in rejections without Ab. Vascular rejection with Ab was associated with the highest risk of graft loss (Hazard Ratio [HR]=9.7 vs T cell mediated rejection, p&lt;0.01). Among the determinants of vascular rejection prognosis, the multivariate analysis demonstrated that high level of allo-antibodies (HR=3.8, p=0.029) was associated with a bad graft outcome whereas the use of antibody targeting strategy (steroids/Plasma-exchange/anti-CD20) was independently associated with improved graft prognosis (HR=0.19 vs steroids±[OKT3/Thymoglobulin], p&lt;0.03). In conclusion, we used here a population of kidney transplantation as a unique human model to study the effects of antibodies in vessels. Using a large cohort of patients with biopsy proven rejections, we identified a new entity of antibody-mediated arteritis that promotes acceleration of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis. This model may provide new insights to the pathophysiology and the therapeutic options of arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis diseases.
Lesson of the week: Pneumatic compression boots for prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis: beware occult arterial disease
Authors: M J Oakley, E F Wheelwright, P J James
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism after joint replacement remains contentious.1 The incidence of deep vein thrombosis is between 45% and 75%.2 3 4 5 The rate of fatal pulmonary embolism is considered to be 1-3%,2 3 4 5 but this is a gross overestimate.1 Pharmacological techniques for preventing deep vein thrombosis (such as dextran 40, aspirin, warfarin, and heparins) are effective in reducing its incidence but are associated with important complications such as haemorrhage, wound haematoma, and haemarthrosis. 3 6 7 8

Mechanical methods such as intermittent pneumatic compression devices have been developed to avoid these problems. These provide similar prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis 8 9 10 and are considered free of important complications.8 We report the occurrence of ulcers in patients using these devices according to approved guidelines.

Consideration of the evidence led the orthopaedic directorate of Glasgow Royal Infirmary and Stobhill NHS Trust to change its policy on prophylaxis against deep vein thrombosis at the end of 1995. Under the previous protocol heparin had been used in combination with graduated compression stockings. All patients having elective surgery who are at moderate or high risk of deep vein thrombosis now wear graduated compression stockings on both legs under pneumatic compression boots (AV Impulse System, Novamedix, Andover) (fig 1 …
Mania with emotional blunting: affective disorder or schizophrenia?
Authors: V C Jampala, R Abrams, M A Taylor
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

Fourteen of 134 consecutively admitted manic patients exhibited emotional blunting in addition to the full manic syndrome. The authors compared these 14 blunted manic patients with the remaining 120 nonblunted manic patients and with 31 schizophrenic patients admitted during the same period. They found that the blunted manic patients more closely resembled schizophrenic than nonblunted manic patients on most of the demographic, clinical, and familial variables studied. Although mania with blunting may represent a variant of schizophrenia, the etiologic association between long-term neuroleptic administration and emotional blunting requires further study.
Abstract A122: Case review for multi-targeted epigenetic therapy ( MTET) and its rationale in an integrative approach
Authors: Mohammad Nezami, Daniel Stobbe, Steven Hager
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract In 2012 there were 11,957,599 advanced cancer cases in the US reported by CDC and the incidence has been almost unchanged over the previous 8 years (482,000 cases in 2000 versus 456,000 cases in 2008). There has been an annual percentage change of only (-0.6) between years 1999 to 2008 in cancer incidence. It is well described in the recent literature that epigenetic alterations are at least if not more important than genetic defects for the development and progression of malignant diseases. In the therapeutic field, transcriptional therapy is a very promising form of cancer treatment that is being extensively evaluated. It is speculated that inhibitors of DNA methylation and histone deacetylases can reactivate expression of tumor suppressor genes and induce histone hyperacetylation in the tumors of patients with solid cancers after treatment with these agents. Hypermethylation and transcription silencing of suppressor genes has been shown in 33% of breast cancers, 60% of prostate CA and 92% of colon CA. Although the value of such combination therapy both in chemoprevention, as well as treatment in patients with cancer is extremely important and can cause a significant shift in the current practice of oncology and cancer prevention, unfortunately, the results in clinical studies have been poor as the target histone hyperacetylation does not correlate with survival (possibly due to P 16/21 resistance, onco promoter mutations and unselectiveness of the therapies). To overcome such resistance we have developed a protocol using researched natural substances and off label drugs in a protocol called Multi targeted epigenetic therapy or MTET, currently tested in preclinical studies with promising results confirming apoptosis. This approach is shown to be clinically relevant in a set of cases treated and presented here. Here we present thirty cases of advanced resistant stage four disease that were treated through this method successfully with three samples cases to be described in details. We conclude that further research is warranted in a larger spectrum and in clinical trial setting to evaluate the efficacy of such method. Citation Format: Mohammad Nezami, Daniel Stobbe, Steven Hager. Case review for multi-targeted epigenetic therapy ( MTET) and its rationale in an integrative approach. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr A122.
Phenomenological correlates of metabolic activity in 18 patients with chronic schizophrenia
Authors: N D Volkow, A P Wolf, P Van Gelder, J D Brodie, J E Overall, R Cancro, F Gomez-Mont
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

Using [11C]-deoxy-D-glucose and positron emission tomography (PET), the authors measured brain metabolism in 18 patients with chronic schizophrenia to assess which of the metabolic measures from two test conditions was more closely related to the patients' differing clinical characteristics. The two conditions were resting and activation, and an eye tracking task was used. Patients with more negative symptoms showed lower global metabolic rates and more severe hypofrontality than did the patients with fewer negative symptoms. Differences among the patients were distinguished by the task: sicker patients failed to show a metabolic activation response. These findings suggest that cerebral metabolic patterns reflect clinical characteristics of schizophrenic patients.
The predictive strength of next-generation sequencing MRD detection for relapse compared with current methods in childhood ALL
Authors: Michaela Kotrova, Katerina Muzikova, Ester Mejstrikova, Michaela Novakova, Violeta Bakardjieva-Mihaylova, Karel Fiser, Jan Stuchly, Mathieu Giraud, Mikaël Salson, Christiane Pott, Monika Brüggemann, Marc Füllgrabe, Jan Stary, Jan Trka, Eva Fronkova
Journal: Blood (2015)
Risk factors for disease severity among hospitalised patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in Spain, April – December 2009
Authors: P Santa-Olalla Peralta, M Cortes-García, M Vicente-Herrero, C Castrillo-Villamandos, P Arias-Bohigas, I Pachon-del Amo, M J Sierra-Moros, None on behalf of the Surveillance Group
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

We describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients hospitalised with confirmed 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) in Spain from April to December 2009 and the risk factors associated with a worse outcome (admission to an intensive care unit or death) in adults. Case-based epidemiological information was collected as part of the national strategy for the surveillance of severe cases. Of 3,025 patients, 852 were admitted to an intensive care unit and overall, 200 died. The median patient age was 38 years (range: 0–94). A total of 662 (26%) patients had no underlying risk conditions. Antiviral therapy was initiated within 48 hours after symptom onset in only 35.2% (n=711); the median length of time before treatment was four days. In a multivariate analysis, the start of antiviral therapy more than 48 hours after symptom onset (odds ratio (OR) 2.39; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.79 to 3.2), morbid obesity (OR: 2.01; 95% CI 1.38 to 2.94), cardiovascular disease (OR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.2 to 2.67) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.03 to 2.2) were significantly associated with a worse outcome in adults.
Cognitive Function after Fetal Exposure to Antiepileptic Drugs
Authors: Yong-Hong Liu, Lian Wang, Yuan-Gui Huang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: Meador et al. (April 16 issue)1 suggest that children who had been exposed to valproate in utero had significantly lower IQ scores than those who had been exposed to other antiepileptic drugs. However, the results of their study should be interpreted with caution. Many factors have a role in the neuropsychological development of children, apart from fetal exposure to antiepileptic drugs. We are not given details of the quality of the home environment, which has been recognized as a key environmental influence on child development.2 The Home Screening Questionnaire (HSQ) is a widely used tool to assess the qualities of the home environment that may influence the development of children,3 such as emotional and verbal responses of the mother and avoidance of restriction and punishment. Although the study by Meador and colleagues included detailed monitoring of multiple potential confounding factors relating to child IQ, the HSQ may be helpful for obtaining more detailed and appropriate assessments of and conclusions about the children at the age of 6 years.
Abstract 1119: Cardioprotective Effects of Wnt11-transfected BMSC Are Mediated by Over-expression of Various Cytokines
Authors: Ying Dai, Muhammad Ashraf, Yan S Dai, Zeeshan Pasha, Yigang Wang, Meifeng Xu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

We hypothesized that over-expression of Wnt-11 in bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) promotes cardiac repair and protect native cardiomyocytes via releasing various cytokines. Methods: BMSCs were isola...
Abstract 16601: Improvement in Biventricular Performance and Atrioventricular Interaction After Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement in Patients With Right Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction
Authors: Fatima I Lunze, Babar Hasan, Selcen Yaroglu Kazanci, Steven D Colan, David W Brown, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Doff B McElhinney
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Transcatheter pulmonary valve replacement (TPV) offers catheter-based treatment for right ventricular outflow tract obstruction (RVOTO). Although TPV did not improve ventricular ejectio...
Abstract 16843: Waist Measures are an Important Factor Further Specifying Adiposity-Related Cardiometabolic Risk for Children Classified by Body Mass Index
Authors: Michael Khoury, Cedric Manlhiot, Brian W McCrindle
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used as an indirect indicator of adiposity in children reflective of its association with cardiometabolic risk. The interaction of waist circumference percentile (WC%) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) with BMI may provide further risk specification in children. Methods: Data were analyzed from 5 NHANES surveys from 1999-2008. Two sets of groups were created based on categories of BMI/WC% and BMI/WHtR to assess the interaction of waist measures and BMI percentile (WHO charts) in association with cardiometabolic risk factors, including fasting lipids, glucose and insulin, C-reactive protein (CRP) and blood pressure category. Results: Data were available for 14,802 subjects (age range 5-18.9 years, 50% male, 4,542 fasting blood work). Overweight (BMI≥85%) and obesity (BMI≥95%) were noted for 13% and 27%, respectively. WC% ≥ 90% and WHtR ≥ 0.6 were noted in 16% and 10%, respectively. Both between and within BMI categories, increasing waist measures were significantly associated with increased lipid abnormalities (Figure A), higher insulin and glucose values, increased likelihoods of higher hypertension categories, and higher CRP levels (Figure B). Adjusted multivariable regression models for cardiometabolic risk factors had similar R 2 and c statistic values when waist measure categories were studied independently of or interacting with BMI categories. Interactions remained significant with continuous variables. Conclusions: Waist measures further specify cardiometabolic risk within classifications based on BMI, and should be included in the routine screening and assessment of risk in the pediatric population.
Respiration and Circulation.
Authors: Philip L. Altman, Dorothy S. Dittmer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Abstract : Sections on invertebrate respiration and circulation and plant respiration and fluid movement are covered in data book, but for the most part it is concerned with man and other vertebrates. Basic physical and chemical data, general principles governing behavior of gases and flow in vessels, and the exchange system at the cellular level are presented in tables, charts and equations. The data book contains contributions by 402 research scientists and is compiled in 232 tables, graphs, and two appendices. The contents are reported in eleven categories: (1) General principles; (2) Basic physical and chemical data; (3) Thorax and ventilation; (4) Airway and gas movement; (5) Blood gases; (6) Heart and pumping action; (7) Vascular system and blood distribution; (8) capillaries and the exchange system; (9) Invertebrate respiration; (10) invertebrate circulation; and (11) Plant respiration and fluid movement. (Author)
Bulimia treated with imipramine: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study
Authors: Harrison G. Pope, James I. Hudson, Jeffrey M. Jonas, Deborah Yurgelun-Todd
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

Bulimia, the syndrome of compulsive binge eating, is a common and often severe disorder frequently resistant to known therapies. Recent evidence suggesting a link between bulimia and affective disorder prompted the authors to perform a double-blind study of imipramine versus placebo with 22 chronically bulimic women. Imipramine was associated with a significantly reduced frequency of binge eating and with improvement on several other measures of eating behavior. On 1- to 8-month follow-up, 18 of the 20 treated subjects (90%) had responded to imipramine or a subsequent antidepressant. This finding augments the growing evidence that bulimia may be related to affective disorder.
Abstract 10314: The Epidemiology of Valvular Heart Diseases: Incidence Growing
Authors: Phyllis G Supino, Amanda K Goon, Jeffrey S Borer
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Valvular heart disease (VHD) is among the most predictable causes of heart failure and an important cause of sudden death. Temporal trends of clinically significant VHD during the past few decades have not been defined. Methods: To obtain information for our region, we conducted a longitudinal analysis of 66,770,276 inpatient hospitalizations obtained from New York State's (NYS) Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database for years 1983 through 2007 (last year for which data are reliable). All VHD cases were identified from principal or secondary ICD-9 codes for aortic, mitral, tricuspid or pulmonic VHD (n=1,882,504). Linear regression was used to evaluate trends over time for VHD hospitalizations, therapeutic invasive procedures and in-hospital mortality. Logistic regression was used to determine predictors of in-hospital deaths. Results: During 25 years, total hospitalizations decreased from 3,032,235 cases (1983) to 2,628,545 cases (2007); simultaneously, VHD hospit...