tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11972: Venous Thromboembolism Recurrence Rate and Risk Factors in a European Population
Authors: Melissa Hamilton, Amir Goren, Shaloo Gupta, Sébastien Auziere, Abigail Claflin, Hemant Phatak
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: This study estimated venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence and risk factors in a European population, given limited data in this region. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included data collected from physicians recruited from an online panel in France, Spain, Italy, and Germany. Physicians completed case report forms for the next 3-4 patients seen in consultation for any reason who had an initial VTE event in the prior 3 to 24 months (i.e., patients who survived 90 days since their initial VTE). Included were 376 general practitioners and 307 specialists, providing 2,184 patient records and information on patient demographics, comorbidities, and VTE recurrence. Kaplan-Meier estimation provided cumulative incidence survival functions accounting for censored data (patient records varied from 3-24 months post-initial VTE). Risk factors for VTE were assessed. Results: Patients’ mean age was 61.3 years (SD=14.3) and 47.4% were female. Of 2,184 patients, 379 developed recurrent VTE over 1,298 person-years of follow-up. The table shows cumulative incidence of VTE in the overall population and by risk categories. The 6-month cumulative incidence of VTE recurrence was 11.7%; the 12-month cumulative incidence was 27.6%. VTE cumulative incidence did not differ by age, gender or initial VTE type. However, it was higher in patients with moderate-to-strong vs. weak Anderson &amp; Spencer summary risk scores (p=.001); e.g., 12-month rates of 33.8%, vs. 20.9%, respectively. Conclusions: VTE recurrence is high in this European population and increases with time since initial VTE event, suggesting the need for targeted anticoagulant treatment following an initial VTE event and longer term prevention of VTE recurrence. Among risk factors investigated, Anderson &amp; Spencer scores help differentiate patients more likely to experience recurrence within 12 months of initial VTE.
Body Fat Distribution and Incident Cardiovascular Disease in Obese Adults
Authors: Ian J. Neeland, Aslan T. Turer, Colby R. Ayers, Jarett D. Berry, Anand Rohatgi, Sandeep R. Das, Amit Khera, Gloria L. Vega, Darren K. McGuire, Scott M. Grundy, James A. de Lemos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of Axitinib (AG-013736) in healthy volunteers
Authors: Yazdi Pithavala, Melvin Toh, Janessa Mount, May Garrett, Brian Hee, Paulina Selaru, Karen Klamerus
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 12-16, 2008; San Diego, CA

233 

INTRODUCTION: Axitinib (AG-013736, AG), an oral, potent, and selective inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1, 2, 3, is currently in phase III clinical development as an anti-cancer agent. The effect of food as well as the timing of food intake on the pharmacokinetics (PK) of AG was assessed in healthy volunteers.     METHODS : In an open-label, crossover study, 42 subjects were randomized to cohorts that included treatment periods separated by ≥5-day washout. The first 2 cohorts involved treatments with fed (high fat, high calorie breakfast) and overnight fasted regimens (10 hours pre dose/4 hours post dose). Cohort 3 involved treatments with fed and 2-hour pre/post-dose fasted (2/2 fast) regimens, and Cohort 4 involved treatments with fed and 1-hour pre/post-dose fasted (1/1 fast) regimens. Each subject received a single 5 mg oral dose of AG in each treatment period. During each treatment period, serial blood samples were collected over 48 hours to assess AG PK. Physical examinations, electrocardiograms, vital sign measurements and laboratory tests were performed and adverse events (AEs) monitored.    RESULTS: Compared to overnight fasting, fed conditions decreased the geometric mean AUC0-∞ and Cmax by 23% and 39% respectively. AG AUC0-∞ and Cmax values were relatively unchanged in comparisons of fed versus 2/2 fast and fed versus 1/1 fast conditions. Intersubject variability was consistent across treatment groups and coefficient of variation (CV) for AUC0-∞ ranged from 50-65% for fed and fasting conditions. No serious or clinically significant AEs were reported.    CONCLUSIONS: AG administered in the overnight fasted state resulted in increased AG exposure. Limited fasting (1-hour or 2-hour pre- and post-AG dose) does not provide a different PK profile from the fed state. In the interest of obtaining consistent PKs following both daily doses, cancer patients in ongoing trials with AG are required to take AG with food.
An inherited molecular lesion of erythrocyte pyruvate kinase
Authors: Donald E. Paglia, William N. Valentine, Marjorie A. Baughan, Denis R. Miller, Claude F. Reed, O. Ross McIntyre
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Atypical cases of heritable hemolytic anemia have been noted that conform clinically and biochemically to anemias of the pyruvatekinase (PK)-deficient type, except for the presence of apparently adequate quantities of erythrocyte-PK activity by the usual assay procedure. Investigations of four such anomalous cases, occurring in two unrelated families, are presented. Erythrocytes contained a kinetically aberrant isozyme of pyruvate kinase (PK(2)). Michaelis constants for the pathologic isozyme relative to phosphoenolpyruvate were over 10-fold greater than control values, but no kinetic abnormality was evident for the second substrate, adenosine diphosphate. PK(2) exhibited a pH optimum almost 1 U lower than the wild enzyme form (PK(1)). Significant differences were also evident in the functional stabilities of the isozymes. Leukocytes were unaffected. Family studies revealed paternal heterozygosity for quantitative PK deficiency of the usual type. Clinically normal maternal relatives and some siblings demonstrated intermediate deviations in erythrocyte-PK kinetics and reaction characteristics compatible with coexistence of normal PK(1) and kinetically abnormal PK(2). Hemolytic anemia in the propositi appeared to require simultaneous inheritance of the gene governing PK(2) production and its presumed allele resulting in quantitative PK deficiency. Both genetic defects were traced through three generations, the defective gene in both instances apparently resident on autosomes.A revision of the PK assay technique is suggested, since catalytic inefficiency of PK(2) was manifested only at low substrate concentrations and was therefore undetectable at the relatively high phosphoenolpyruvate levels employed in the conventional assay.
Abstract 11717: Statin Therapy Improves Survival in Patients With Severe Pulmonary Hypertension: A Propensity Score Matching Study
Authors: Parham Eshtehardi, M. Khalid Mojadidi, David Goodman-Meza, Khashayar Khosraviani, Mohan Pamerla, Ronald Zolty
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Efficacy of statins in improving pulmonary hypertension (PH) and reversing right ventricular hypertrophy has been demonstrated in animal models. They were also shown to reduce pulmonary arterial pressure and improve biomarkers in humans. However, clinical relevance and survival benefit of these findings in patients with PH are unknown. Methods: From January 2002 to August 2012, transthoracic echocardiograms from 3 hospitals of Montefiore Medical Center were reviewed; all consecutive patients with age ≥18 years, severe PH (pulmonary artery systolic pressure ≥60 mmHg) and preserved left ventricular function (ejection fraction ≥50%) were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether or not they were on a statin for 12 consecutive months after diagnosis of PH. Propensity score matching including all baseline demographics, comorbidities, labs, lipid profile, and medications with ratio matching of 1 (treated) to 5 (untreated controls) was performed to adjust for differences in bas...
Reversal of multidrug resistance by co-delivery of paclitaxel and lonidamine using a TPGS and hyaluronic acid dual-functionalized liposome for cancer treatment
Authors: Assogba G. Assanhou, Wenyuan Li, Lei Zhang, Lingjing Xue, Lingyi Kong, Hongbin Sun, Ran Mo, Can Zhang
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
MicroRNA expression as a powerful diagnostic tool in cancer
Authors: Zvi Bentwich
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

A89   Background: MicroRNAs (mirs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression through post-transcriptional suppression of mRNA.. Rosetta Genomics has developed an integrative bioinformatics/biological approach which led to the discovery and validation of several hundreds of novel human mirs.Objectives: Apply this large platform of miRNAs, to cancer diagnostics and treatment evaluation, including both early detection, disease stratification and response to treatment,in a number of major human solid tumors.Materials and Methods: Improved methods for extraction of mirs from fresh , frozen ,and paraffin embedded tissues, as well as from body fluids. In house development of highly sensitive mir expression profiling by mir microarrays, Luminex and Real Time PCR.. Tissue samples drawn mostly from paraffin embedded tissues with sufficient clinical data on each specimen analyzed.Results: Several hundreds of tissue samples- paired and unpaired tumor and normal tissues, from Breast, Colon, Lung, Liver, Bladder and Prostate have been studied. A clear and reproducible differential mir expression profile is associated with each cancer. For every cancer studied there are mirs that are highly upregulated and mirs that are down regulated in the tumors in comparison to the normal tissues. In each tumor, the number of mirs differentially expressed is limited and thus cancer signatures are smaller than in regular gene/cancer signatures reported . Tissue specificity of mirs enables the distinction and diagnosis of tissue origin of the tumors. Correlation of the mir expression profile to stage, prognosis and response to treatment is being analyzed.Conclusions; 1) MicroRNA expression profile is a very useful diagnostic tool in solid tumors. 2) Specific cancer associated mir signature seems to be smaller in size and is tissue specific. 3) Specific cancer associated mir expression profile may serve as a basis and target for future cancer therapeutics.
Detection of HLA-B*58:01, the susceptible allele for allopurinol-induced hypersensitivity, by loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Authors: J. Kwok, K.M. Kwong
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article Detection of HLA‐B*58:01, the susceptible allele for allopurinol‐induced hypersensitivity, by loop‐mediated isothermal amplification Get access J. Kwok, J. Kwok Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China Janette Kwok. E‐mail: kwoksy@ha.org.hk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.M. Kwong K.M. Kwong Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 168, Issue 3, 1 March 2013, Pages 526–532, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12097 Published: 01 March 2013 Article history Accepted: 07 October 2012 Published: 01 March 2013
Abstract CS1-2: Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: Patient preferences and risk perceptions
Authors: Ann Partridge
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Recent studies have revealed increasing rates of contralateral prophylactic mastectomy (CPM) among women with unilateral early stage breast cancer. Bilateral mastectomy at diagnosis of unilateral breast cancer is particularly common among young women, with younger age consistently identified as a predictor of CPM. This trend for more surgery rather than less has raised concerns, given the lack of evidence for a survival benefit from CPM and the relatively low risk of contralateral breast cancer for most women in this setting. Although mastectomy is a safe procedure and major complications are rare, there are potential negative consequences including cosmetic concerns and clinically significant potential long-term sequelae such as numbness of the chest skin and chronic pain and decreased function. Given most women opt for reconstructive surgery, extended recovery time, additional surgical complications, and decreased strength or function due to muscles being moved or stretched are also additional risks. Recent data have revealed that some women who undergo CPM have misperceptions about their actual risks and the values of the prophylactic surgery. In a recent cross-sectional survey of young breast cancer survivors who had undergone bilateral mastectomy for unilateral breast cancer, most women indicated that desire to decrease their risk for contralateral breast cancer (98%) and improve survival (94%) were extremely or very important factors in their decision to have CPM. However, only 18% indicated that women with breast cancer who undergo CPM live longer than those who do not. BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation carriers more accurately perceived their risk for contralateral breast cancer, whereas women without a known mutation substantially overestimated this risk. An increasing body of literature suggests that fear of recurrence and anxiety are strong predictors of undergoing CPM. Improved education and counseling about the risks and benefits of CPM, as well as increased awareness and management of anxiety surrounding breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, are likely to help patients to understand their risks more fully and to make decisions consistent with their preferences and values. Decision aids may be particularly useful in this setting. Citation Format: Ann Partridge. Contralateral prophylactic mastectomy: Patient preferences and risk perceptions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr CS1-2.
Less Leakage With New Heart Valve
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sleep habits among Greek university students
Authors: Athanasia Pataka, Evdokia Sourla, Petros Anagnostopoulos, Georgia Vareta, Nikiforia Aggeli, Prodromos Koutoukoglou, Emmanouil Biolakis, Souzanna Xida, Eleni Vaitsi, Asimina Paspala, Paul Zarogoulidis, Sofia Akritidou, Paraskevi Argyropoulou
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Sleep problems are common among young adults, especially university students who experience great psychological pressure due to the changes in career market and increased unemployment.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine sleep habits and sleep problems of university students and to compare sleep of medical students to that of students of other faculties.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Students from different academic levels and faculties completed self-report, anonymous questionnaires.

Results:A total of 309 students (47% males) from different faculties (33.5% medicine) were recruited (20.5 ±2 years).Reported mean duration of night sleep during weekdays was 6.6±1.4h, but during weekends 8.6± 1.9 (p<0.001). During the examinations period sleep duration was 6.4±1.7h. Only 39 (13%) students were working and 16 (41%) of them had a night shift. 18% were smokers, 76.4% drunk coffee to 'wake them up when sleepy' (1.3±1.2 cups) and 28 (9.1%) consumed alcohol to help them sleep when they had problems. 84% considered their sleep quality adequate, but 76.3% reported daytime sleepiness and 94% that their sleep duration was inadequate. Thinking of economic problems and economic crisis caused problems in the sleep of 11%. Snoring was reported in 21% (66.1% males) and sleeptalking in 23.6%.Sleep duration was shorter in medical students compared to other students in weekdays(5.7±0.9 vs 7.1±1.4, p<0.001) and during examinations (5.9±1.6 vs. 6.7±1.7, p=0.001).

Conclusions: Among university students sleep duration is short especially in medical students and the majority believes that more sleep would be necessary.
EPA Releases Final Clean Power Plan
Authors: Julie A. Jacob
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nitric Oxide Reverts the Resistance to Doxorubicin in Human Colon Cancer Cells by Inhibiting the Drug Efflux
Authors: Chiara Riganti, Erica Miraglia, Daniele Viarisio, Costanzo Costamagna, Gianpiero Pescarmona, Dario Ghigo, Amalia Bosia
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a phenomenon by which cancer cells evade the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents. It may occur through different mechanisms, but it often correlates with the overexpression of integral membrane transporters, such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and MDR-associated proteins (MRPs), with resulting decrease of drug accumulation and cellular death. Doxorubicin is a substrate of Pgp; it has been suggested that its ability to induce synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) could explain, at least in part, its cytotoxic effects. Culturing the human epithelial colon cell line HT29 in the presence of doxorubicin, we obtained a doxorubicin-resistant (HT29-dx) cell population: these cells accumulated less intracellular doxorubicin, were less sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of doxorubicin and cisplatin, overexpressed Pgp and MRP3, and exhibited a lower NO production (both under basal conditions and after doxorubicin stimulation). The resistance to doxorubicin could be reversed when HT29-dx cells were incubated with inducers of NO synthesis (cytokines mix, atorvastatin). Some NO donors increased the drug accumulation in HT29-dx cells in a guarosine-3':5'-cyclic monophosphate-independent way; this effect was associated with a marked reduction of doxorubicin efflux rate in HT29 and HT29-dx cells, and tyrosine nitration in the MRP3 protein. Our results suggest that onset of MDR and impairment of NO synthesis are related; this finding could point to a new strategy to reverse doxorubicin resistance in human cancer.
Abstract 5914: The Prognostic Value of the Initial Heart Rate Increase during Progressive Exercise Testing in Heart Failure
Authors: Marco Guazzi, Jonathan Myers, Mary Ann Peberdy, Daniel Bensimhon, Paul Chase, Ross Arena
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The increase in heart rate during the first minute of a progressive exercise test (HR 1 ) has been shown to be prognostically significant in a large cohort at risk for or diagnosed with cardiovascular disease. This issue, however, has not been specifically investigated in patients diagnosed with heart failure (HF). We assessed the hypothesis that HR 1 would possess prognostic value in a large HF cohort. Three-hundred and ninety two subjects diagnosed with HF (207 ischemic/185 non-ischemic, 279 male/113 female, age: 57.2 ±13.2 years, ejection fraction: 33.4 ±12.5) underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing. Two-hundred and thirty three subjects were prescribed a beta-blocking agent at the time of testing. The difference between resting HR and HR after the first minute of exercise was defined as HR 1 . Ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO 2 slope), the presence of oscillatory ventilation (EOV) and peak oxygen consumption (VO 2 ) were also determined. Subjects were tracked for major cardiac events following exercise testing. There were 93 major cardiac events (82 deaths, 8 heart transplants, 3 left ventricular assist device implantations) during the 24.5 ±21.2 month tracking period (annual event rate: 10.5%). A HR 1 threshold of &gt;13 beats per minute was a significant univariate predictor of adverse events in the overall group (Hazard ratio: 6.5, 95% CI: 3.6–11.4, p&lt;0.001) as well as the subgroup receiving a beta-blocking agent (Hazard ratio: 4.0, 95% CI: 1.9 – 8.1, p&lt;0.001). Moreover, in a multivariate analysis, HR 1 (&gt;13, chi-square: 53.5, p&lt;0.001), the VE/VCO 2 slope (&lt;34, residual chi-square: 18.0, p&lt;0.001) and EOV (yes/no, residual chi-square: 7.3, p&lt;0.007) were all significant predictors of major cardiac events while peak VO 2 (&gt;14 mlO 2 ·kg −1 ·min −1 , residual chi-square: 0.42, p=0.52) was not. Others have postulated that a greater HR 1 reflects a more rapid withdrawal of parasympathetic stimulus during exercise and a higher vagal tone at rest. These results demonstrate HR 1 during a progressive exercise test is prognostically valuable in patients with HF. Consideration of HR 1 for prognostic purposes may therefore be warranted in patients with HF during both submaximal and maximal exercise testing.
Abstract 193: Female Gender is Not Predictive of Hospital Mortality After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Authors: Carol Chen-Scarabelli, Giuseppe Faggian, Giuseppe Petrilli, Maddalena Tessari, Louis Saravolatz, Alessandro Mazzucco, Tiziano Scarabelli
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Gender differences in mortality have previously been reported in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. However, whether gender differences exist in modern era of car...