tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relationship between lung function using forced oscillation technique (FOT) with recent symptoms in young children with asthma
Authors: Afaf Albloushi, Judy Park, Stephen Stick, Graham Hall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Use of FOT to assess lung function in young children is increasingly reported in the clinical setting. However, associations between bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR) as assessed by FOT and recent symptoms in young children with asthma have not been reported. We aimed to investigate the relationships between recent respiratory symptoms and BDR using FOT in young children with asthma.   Methods:  70 children (aged 3 to 6y) with mild asthma were studied twice 5 months apart. FOT (resistance and reactance at 8 Hz: Rrs8 and Xrs8, respectively) was measured prior to- and 15 mins following Salbutamol (600 μg) inhalation. The BDR was assessed using absolute and relative changes in Rrs8 and Xrs8. Respiratory symptoms in the month prior to each visit were obtained using daily diary card. We performed regression analyses assessing the impact of respiratory symptoms on the transformed absolute and relative BDR in Rrs8 and Xrs8.   Results:  Pre- and post BD Rrs8 and Xrs8 data were obtained from 70 children at visit 1, and 56 children at visit 2. There were no differences in BDR for Rrs8 with any reported symptoms. In contrast, Xrs8 BDR was significantly larger (p   Conclusions:  In children with mild asthma increasing symptom incidence requiring reliever use is associated with an increased BDR in Xrs8. These data suggest that symptoms in early childhood asthma result in alterations in peripheral airways function. Alternatively, it may indicate that the FOT is poorly sensitive to asthma related lung disease in young children. Further research addressing this question is required.
A Novel Suicide Gene Therapy Approach for Reduction of GvHD Using Lentiviral Delivery of a Modified Human Thymidylate Monophosphate Kinase.
Authors: Takeya Sato, Anton Neschadim, Vanessa I. Rasaiah, Manfred Konrad, Daniel H. Fowler, Arnon Lavie, Jeffrey A. Medin
Journal: Blood (2005)
Abstract 20086: Influence of Central Apneas and Chemoreflex Activation on Heart Failure Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Valentina Raglianti, Alberto Giannoni, Annamaria Del Franco, Gianluca Mirizzi, Alberto Aimo, Giovanni Iudice, Francesca Bramanti, Emdin Michele, Claudio Passino
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an acknowledged independent prognostic factor in patients with heart failure (HF). Beyond a “passive” component due to the increased left ventricular pressure, an “active” component due to pulmonary vascular reactivity is frequently observed. However, the mechanism behind pulmonary vasoconstriction is not fully understood. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that central apneas (Cheyne-Stokes respiration [[Unable to Display Character: &amp;#8211;]] CSR) through chemoreflex stimulation may contribute to PAH in HF. Methods: we studied 56 HF patients (left ventricular ejection fraction &lt;50%), on stable optimal pharmacological treatment, without increased left ventriculare pressure (excluding patients with severe mitral disease and severe diastolic dysfunction). All patients underwent echocardiographic and neurohormonal assessment, 24-hour cardiorespiratory screening for CSR (patients with obstructive events were excluded) and chemoreflex test for hypoxic (HVR) and hypercapnic (HCVR) ventilatory responses (by rebreathing technique) . Results: Thirteen patients (23%) showed CSR, as defined by a 24 hour AHI &gt; of 15. HF patients with CSR compared with patients with normal breathing, presented higher systolic arterial pulmonary pressure (SPAP: 40.1±7.6 vs 33.1±5.9, p&lt;0.01) at echocardiography, despite similar systolic and diastolic function (data not shown). Furthermore, patients with central apneas also presented with enhanced HVR (median 0.78, interquartile range -IR 0.48-1.22 vs 0.43, IR 0.19-0.69 L/min/%, p&lt;0.05) and HCVR (1.18, IR 0.98-1.35 vs 0.75, IR 0.51-0.95 L/min/mmHg, p&lt;0.01) as well as increased plasma norepinephrine levels (546, IR 371-732 vs 393, IR 229-538 pg/mL, p&lt;0.05). SPAP was indeed correlated with AHI (Spearman’s Rho, R=0.44, p&lt;0.01), HCVR (R=0.48, p&lt;0.001), HVR (R=0.33, p&lt;0.05) and norepinephrine levels (R=0.31, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: In patients with systolic HF, the presence of diurnal-nocturnal CSR, likely via recurrent hypoxia and hypercapnia cycles, may determine a chemoreflex mediated adrenergic discharge and a consequent pulmonary vasoconstriction, responsible of the undesirable increase in pulmonary arterial pressure.
The Wells Deep Vein Thrombosis Score for Inpatients
Authors: Erika Leemann Price, Tracy Minichiello
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

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Abstract 3017: Physiological Factors Associated with Fatigue in Older Adults after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Patricia B Crane, Jerilyn Allen
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Fatigue after myocardial infarction (MI) is a barrier to secondary prevention behaviors such as engaging in recommended levels of physical activity. However, little is known about physiologic factors that may contribute to fatigue. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence of fatigue in older adults after MI and to examine the associations of physiological factors of cardiac function (b-natriuretic peptide [BNP], mean arterial pressure, heart rate), inflammation (IL-6), BMI, and hemoglobin (Hgb) with self-reported fatigue. Methods: A convenience sample of women ( n =49) and men ( n =49) ages ≤65 completed questionnaires and underwent physiologic measures 6 – 8 months after discharge post MI. Subjects completed a demographic health form and fatigue measures (Revised Piper Fatigue Scale and the Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale functional items), and had height, weight, pulse, and blood pressure measured. Fatigue was measured as a total score (range 0 –310) and as 5 subscales (behavior/severity, affective, sensory, cognitive/mood, and function). Blood samples were also taken, and Hgb, IL-6, and BNP were measured in the same laboratory using standardized procedures. Results: Patients were an average of 75.69 ± 6.45 years of age. Fatigue was reported by 75 (77%) with a mean score of 102.46 (SD=57.7; range 8 –235). More women (84%) reported fatigue than men (69%), though this difference was not statistically significant. Patients reported higher fatigue scores on the behavior/severity and sensory subscales compared to the other fatigue subscales. Bivariate correlations of physiological factors and the total fatigue score revealed one significant physiological correlate, IL-6 ( r =.29). Controlling for age and gender, a multiple linear regression model explained 8.7% of the variance in fatigue ( F = 2.769 ; p &lt;.05) with IL-6 as the only significant independent variable ( p =.010). An unexpected finding was that BNP did not correlate with fatigue. Discussion: Fatigue is prevalent in the majority of older adults after MI. Results indicate that inflammation may play a stronger role in fatigue than other physiological factors. Further research is needed to examine how inflammation and other physiologic factors may influence fatigue post MI.
Electron Microscopy of Tissue of the Mammary Glands and Tumers in Old Mice With Special Reference to Mitochondrial Size
Authors: J. C. H. de Man, Th. G. van Rijssel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Mammary-tumor tissue as compared with hyperplastic mammary-gland tissue was studied with the electron microscope in old mice with the milk factor. Special attention was paid to differences in size and average diameter of mitochondria in tumor tissue and in cells of mammary tissue without signs of malignant transformation. In tumor cells the average mitochondrial diameter was consistently lower than in mammary-gland-tissue cells. A similar difference was found between mitochondria in a small tumor and those of the surrounding mammary-gland tissue in which the tumor had originated. Virus-like particles were present in tumor cells, but usually in smaller numbers than in cells of hyperplastic mammary tissue. In acini of hyperplastic mammary-gland tissue, in which a tumor had originated, the number of particles was extremely large. Iron-containing pigment probably consisting partly of ferritin was abundantly present in hyperplastic mammary tissue, whereas in tumor cells this pigment was practically nonexistent.
Marketing: Spin doctors soft pedal data on antihypertensives
Authors: J. Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The results of a major study that compared different classes of antihypertensives have drug company spin doctors working overtime. It's no easy job to save market share for expensive antihypertensive drugs when headlines read “When Cheaper Is Also Better,” as one did in the New York Times on 19 December 2002.

The “antihypertensive and lipid lowering to prevent heart attack trial” (ALLHAT), published in the 18 December issue of JAMA (2002;288;2981-97), shows that calcium channel blockers and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors used to treat hypertension were no better than a diuretic. In some instances they were not quite as safe—even though they were substantially more expensive.

But the spin doctors are swinging into action to counter the clear message of ALLHAT that cheaper is better, even if that means just playing it down. Kevin Brode, vice president of sales and marketing at marketRx, a firm that provides strategic marketing information to the pharmaceutical industry, isn't too worried about who the winner will be. “Doctors say they'll …
Abstract P289: Understanding Perceived Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Healthy Middle-aged Adults
Authors: Job G Godino, Esther M van Sluijs, Stephen S Sutton, Simon J Griffin
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: For type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevention programs to successfully reach their intended targets, high-risk individuals must first be aware that they are at high risk. Greater understanding of factors associated with perceived risk might inform the development of more effective risk communication and prevention efforts. We aimed to determine the perceived risk of T2D in a population-based sample of healthy middle-aged adults and examine its relation to modelled risk, clinical risk factors, and psychological factors theorised to be antecedents of behaviour change. Methods: An exploratory, cross-sectional analysis of perceived lifetime risk of T2D was conducted using baseline data collected from 569 participants in the Diabetes Risk Communication Trial (Cambridgeshire, UK). T2D risk factors were measured during a health assessment and the Framingham Offspring Diabetes Risk Score was used to model risk. Questionnaires assessed various psychological factors. Multivariable regression analyses were used to determine associations with perceived risk. Results: Table 1 shows that participants (mean (SD) age = 48.8 (7.3) years; n (%) male = 265 (47.5); mean (SD) BMI = 26.1 (4.23) kg/m2) with a higher lifetime perceived risk (mean (SD) = 34.8% (24.05%)) were at higher risk according to the Framingham Offspring Diabetes Risk Score (mean (SD) = 11.7% (19.0%)) (p &lt; 0.001). Higher perceived risk was associated with higher body fat percentage, lower self-rated health, higher diabetes-related worry, and lower self-efficacy for adhering to governmental recommendations for physical activity (all p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Overestimation of T2D risk is common. Higher perceived risk is associated with higher risk of developing the disease, and decreased likelihood of engagement in risk-reducing health behaviours. Risk communication interventions should target high-risk individuals with messages about the effectiveness of prevention strategies and address ability to engage in risk-reducing health behaviours.
Abstract P1-12-16: Efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen in hormone receptor-positive premenopausal breast cancer patients according to the body mass index
Authors: Kadri Altundag, Mehmet AN Sendur, Sercan Aksoy, Taner Babacan, Yavuz Ozisik
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Introduction: Obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of breast cancer and has been associated with poor breast cancer outcomes. But, this association usually depend on hormone-receptor positivity and ovarian activity. Obesity was confirmed as an adverse prognostic factor in patients treated with aromatase inhibitors, but the adverse effects in patients treated with tamoxifen was not known exactly. Thus, we aimed to examine the efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen in hormone receptor-positive premenopausal breast cancer patients according to the body mass index (BMI). Material-Methods: Newly diagnosed hormone receptor-positive breast cancer patients who were premenopausal and non-metastatic were enrolled to the study. Patients with BMI ranging between 18.5 and 24.9 kg/m2 as normal weight patients (Arm A, n = 408), and patients with a BMI ranging ≥ 25 kg/m2 were overweight and obese patients (Arm B, n = 418). Results: The median follow-up time for this analysis was 36 (6-327) months. The median age was 39.5 (22-57) and 43 (20-56) in Arm A and Arm B, respectively (P&amp;lt;0.0001). The mean BMI was 22.1 ± 1.8 kg/m2 and 29.2 ± 3.3 kg/m2 of Arm A and Arm B, respectively ( P = &amp;lt;0.001). In both normal weight and overweight patients, the other baseline clinico-pathologic properties and the treatment history with radiotherapy and chemotherapy were similar and not statistically significant. In overweight and obese patients the history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension was significantly higher compared to normal weight patients. In patients with normal weight patients DFS rate was 88.5% and 78.2% whereas in overweight and obese patients DFS rate was 87.2% and 70.9% in the third and fifth years respectively (Figure 1) ( P = 0.43). In patients with normal weight patients OS rate was 98.5% and 93.2% whereas in overweight and obese patients OS rate was 94.6% and 87.4% in the third and fifth years respectively (Figure 2) ( P = 0.02). Conclusion: Our study showed that BMI have no worse effect on recurrence risk in patients treated with tamoxifen in hormone-receptor positive premenopausal breast cancer. Poor survival outcome was observed in overweight and obese patients can be due to dose limitations of chemotherapeutic agents and higher rate of comorbid diseases. Citation Format: Kadri Altundag, Mehmet AN Sendur, Sercan Aksoy, Taner Babacan, Yavuz Ozisik. Efficacy of adjuvant tamoxifen in hormone receptor-positive premenopausal breast cancer patients according to the body mass index [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-12-16.
Abstract 18987: Time of Hospital Admission and Its Effect on Treatment and Outcome in Patients After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Thomas Uray, Florian B Mayr, Alexander Spiel, Peter Stratil, Fritz Sterz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Previous studies suggest worse outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) at night. We analyzed whether patients admitted after OHCA receive induced hypothermia at equal rates and equally prompt during day- and night, as well as potential differences in neurologic outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of non-traumatic OHCA patients who regained restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and were admitted to our emergency department with an integrated intensive care unit (resuscitation center) at a tertiary care university hospital between 01/01/2006 and 10/31/2012. Data reported include admission time (day defined from 8am to 4pm based on staffing), first blood gas, use of induced hypothermia (IH) and time from admission to initiation of hypothermia. A good neurologic outcome after 6 months was reported as CPC 1 or 2. Results: Of 1172 OHCA patients admitted during the study period, 970 patients (73.8% male, n= 716) with a median age of 60 (IQR 49-70) were included. Times from arrest to ROSC, and ROSC to admission were similar in day- and night-admissions [19 (IQR 10-29) min vs. 18 (IQR 8-29) min; p= 0.69 and 36 (IQR 24-51) vs. 38 (IQR 24-52) min; p=0.58, respectively]. Similarly, there was no difference between day and night in first measured pH (7.17 vs. 7.16; p=0.9) and lactate (7.3 vs. 7.9 mmol/l; p=0.54) after admission. Induced hypothermia was applied to 338 (75.6%) of 447 day-admissions and to 410 (78.4%) of 523 night-admissions (p =0.30). For the patients whose cooling was initiated after admission, time from admission to cooling start did not differ between day and night (mean time 52 ± 5 minutes during day vs. 58 ± 8 minutes at night, p=0.54). At 6 months, a good neurologic outcome was achieved in 202 patients (45.2%) after day admission and 231 patients (44.2%) after night admission (p= 0.75). Conclusion: Patients admitted to our facility after OHCA were equally likely to receive timely high-quality post-resuscitation care irrespective of time of day. Similarly, favorable neurologic outcomes did not differ between day and nighttime admissions. Reported circadian differences in OHCA outcomes may be due to differences in the quality of post-resuscitation care provided at non-specialized centers.
138. Purification of Plasmid DNA on an Anion Exchange Column without the Use of RNase To Process Scale
Authors: Tina M. Pitarresi, Sibylle U. Herzer, Bob Kennedy, Peter Moore
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

We report here the use of a simple, straightforward RNase free method for the purification of plasmid DNA on ANX Sepharose 4 FF high sub exploiting the use of compacting agents and salts to improve selectivity, capacity and recovery. We have used generic procedures with standard protocols for alkaline lysis with commonly used buffers. The method was applicable to high and low copy number plasmids generated in different bacterial strains. A combination of isopropanol for compaction of supercoiled plasmid during adsorption and removal of residual RNA with ammonium acetate during a wash step allowed omission of RNA pretreatment. Material generated by this one column procedure was sufficiently pure to allow transfection of cell lines.
Demethylation of the <i>FCER1G</i> promoter leads to FcεRI overexpression on monocytes of patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Y. Liang, P. Wang, M. Zhao, G. Liang, H. Yin, G. Zhang, H. Wen, Q. Lu
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Liang Y, Wang P, Zhao M, Liang G, Yin H, Zhang G, Wen H, Lu Q. Demethylation of the FCER1G promoter leads to FcεRI overexpression on monocytes of patients with atopic dermatitis. Allergy 2012; 67: 424–430. Abstract Background: Overexpression of the high‐affinity receptor for immunoglobulin E on atopic monocytes and dendritic cells is known to contribute to the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). However, it remains unclear what is the underlying mechanism of FcεRI deregulation. It has been speculated that epigenetic deregulation may play a role. Methods: Global DNA methylation levels of monocytes from 10 AD patients and 10 healthy controls were measured using a global DNA methylation kit. Bisulfite sequencing was performed to determine the methylation status of the FCER1G promoter region. FcεRIγ mRNA and FcεRI protein levels were detected by real‐time RT‐PCR, Western blotting, and flow cytometry, respectively. Patch methylation and the demethylating agent, 5‐azacytidine, were used to determine the functional significance of methylation changes on FcεRI expression. Results: Monocytes from AD patients show a global hypomethylation, as well as a locus‐specific hypomethylation at FCER1G promoter, as compared to healthy controls. Furthermore, this hypomethylation of FCER1G is inversely correlated with its expression. Patch methylation in combination with luciferase reporter assay confirmed the direct relationship between methylation and expression. Moreover, treating healthy monocytes with 5‐azacytidine caused a reduction in methylation levels and an induction in FcεRIγ transcription and surface expression of FcεRI. Conclusion: Demethylation of specific regulatory elements within the FCER1G locus contributes to FcεRI overexpression on monocytes from patients with AD.
Antiproliferative activity of ecteinascidin 743 is dependent upon transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair
Authors: Yuji Takebayashi, Philippe Pourquier, Drazen B. Zimonjic, Kentaro Nakayama, Steffen Emmert, Takahiro Ueda, Yoshimasa Urasaki, Atsuko Kanzaki, Shin-ichi Akiyama, Nicholas Popescu, Kenneth H. Kraemer, Yves Pommier
Journal: Nature Medicine (2001)
Brief Report: Long-Term Assessment of Fibromyalgia in Patients With Culture-Confirmed Lyme Disease
Authors: Gary P. Wormser, Erica Weitzner, Donna McKenna, Robert B. Nadelman, Carol Scavarda, Shimon Farber, Priya Prakash, Julia Ash, John Nowakowski
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Background: Fibromyalgia occurs in 2% to 8% of the general population. One of the triggers may be Lyme disease. Methods: Patients with culture-confirmed Lyme disease who originally presented with erythema migrans have been evaluated annually in a prospective study to determine their long-term outcome. In 2011-2013, subjects were evaluated for fibromyalgia by interview and tender point examination. Results: 100 subjects were assessed, 52% of whom were male; the mean age was 64.9 years (median 64 years, range 42-86 years). The mean duration of follow-up was 15.4 years (median 16 years, range 11-20 years). At least twenty-four (24%) subjects had experienced a second episode of erythema migrans before the evaluation for fibromyalgia. One patient (1%, 95% C.I.: 0.025 to 5.4%) met criteria for fibromyalgia. The symptoms consistent with fibromyalgia began more than 19 years after Lyme disease was diagnosed. Conclusions: Fibromyalgia was observed in only 1% of 100 patients with culture-confirmed early Lyme disease, a frequency consistent with that found for the general population. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.