tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Factors That Predict Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression in Lymphoma Patients: Role of the Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand-Receptor System
Authors: Eric Voog, Jacques Bienvenu, Krzysztof Warzocha, Isabelle Moullet, Charles Dumontet, Catherine Thieblemont, Guillaume Monneret, Marie-Claude Gutowski, Bertrand Coiffier, Gilles Salles
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To analyze factors that predict the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and, in particular, the role of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand-receptor system in lymphoma patients at the beginning of their treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We investigated the predictive factors for myelosuppression after the first course of chemotherapy in a cohort of 101 consecutive, previously untreated lymphoma patients receiving regimens that include doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Plasma samples were tested at baseline by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for TNF and its soluble receptors. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed with a forward regression procedure that included all of the parameters that were found to be significant in the univariate analysis. The dose of chemotherapy and the prophylactic treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor were deliberately included in this model. RESULTS: Sixty-seven patients experienced World Health Organization (WHO) grade 4 neutropenia, and 37 patients experienced febrile neutropenia, which was responsible for WHO grade 2 through 4 infections in 23 patients. In multiparametric regression analysis, the occurrence of grade 4 neutropenia was associated with high doses of cyclophosphamide (odds ratio [OR], 19.8; P = .008) and high levels of soluble p75-R-TNF (OR, 8.52; P = .001). The duration of grade 4 neutropenia for more than 5 days was associated with the lack of hematopoietic growth factor administration (OR, 6.76; P = .004) and high levels of soluble p75-R-TNF (OR, 5.84; P = .0023). The occurrence of febrile neutropenia was associated with high doses of cyclophosphamide (OR, 4.7; P = .007), altered performance status (OR, 18.8; P &lt; .0001) and high levels of soluble p75-R-TNF (OR, 3.49; P = .029). CONCLUSION: This study indicates that in addition to the dose of chemotherapy and the administration of hematopoietic growth factors, poor performance status and high p75-R-TNF levels can predict the occurrence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in lymphoma patients. This model may help in selecting patients for prophylactic growth factor administration.
The effects of inspiratory muscle training on breathing mechanics during fixed load cycling exercise
Authors: Dean Mills, Graham Sharpe, Michael Johnson, Yvonne Barnett
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Previous research has found that inspiratory muscle training (IMT) can improve exercise performance and tolerance (McConnell and Romer 2004). Whether these
improvements are related to changes in breathing mechanics during exercise is unknown. To investigate this, we tested the hypothesis that IMT would reduce inspiratory muscle strength during cycling exercise. Three physically active males cycled for 60 min at a fixed power output before and after 6 weeks of pressurethreshold IMT. Cycling power corresponded to maximum lactate steady state,
estimated using a lactate minimum test (Tegtbur et al. 1993). Transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi) was calculated as the difference between gastric and oesophageal
pressures (Pe) measured using balloon pressure catheters. Transdiaphragmatic (PTPdi) and oesophageal (PTPe) pressure-time products were calculated as the product of breathing frequency (f R) and the Pdi and Pe inspiratory time integrals respectively. Pdi, Pe and respiratory variables were measured on a breath-by-breath basis. Following IMT, peak Pdi decreased by (mean ± SD) 6.65±4.82 cmH2O
and PTPdi and PTPe by 115±31 and 102±28 cmH2O s min-1 , respectively. There was no change in the contribution of the diaphragm to total inspiratory force output
(PTPdi/PTPe). Minute ventilation and f R were also reduced by 8.73±10.20 l min-1 and 4.06±2.70 breaths min-1, respectively. In conclusion, inspiratory muscle
strength is reduced during a 60 min fixed load cycling test following IMT. These findings suggest that one of the potential mechanisms by which IMT increases
exercise tolerance may be by reducing the pressures required to sustain ventilation during fixed load cycling exercise.
Usefulness of induced sputum eosinophil count to assess severity and treatment outcome in asthma patients
Authors: Debraj Jash, Ankan Bandyopadhyay, Parthapratim Roy, Kaushik Saha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Sputum eosinophil, being a marker of airway inflammation, can serve as a tool for assessing severity and response to treatment in asthma patients. Aims and objectives: To establish correlation between change in sputum eosinophil count and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) % predicted value of asthma patients in response to treatment. Methods: A longitudinal study was conducted to determine the treatment outcome among newly diagnosed asthma patients who were classified into A (n = 80) and B (n = 80) groups on the basis of initial sputum eosinophil count (A ≥ 3% and B
Complications in the course of valval lung volume reduction in destructive lung tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Irina Tabanakova, Nikolay Yakusenko, Ludmila Archakova, Armen Avetisyan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Complications in the course of valval lung volume reduction (VLVR) in destructive lung tuberculosis (TB) treatment develop in 4,6 – 15,2% of cases. Among them: purulent bronchitis (12,1%-19,2%), granulations (5,8%-11,8%), valve migration (3,8%-10,1%), syndrome of bronchial obstruction (to 3,2%)(A. Levin, .2008; I. Shevtsov, 2010; D.Krasnov, 2012; Yaichnikov V, 2011).  Research objective: to study the complications of VLVR in patients with the destructive lung tuberculosis.  Materials and methods: Since Jan, 2009 to Dec, 2011 VLVR was applied to 125 patients aged from 18 till 67, M - 67, F– 58.  Results: Significant complications of VLVR are recorded in 21 cases (16,8%). Presence of complications did not depend on sex or age of a patient. Preservation of a local purulent bronchitis is recorded in 5,6% of cases, formation of granulations – in 4,8%, migration of valve happened in 4,8%, development of syndrome of bronchial obstruction- in 1,6% of cases. The majority of complications, as well as a combination of several in one patient is typically revealed mostly in patients with long existing of destructive cavities (13,1%). Complications are liquidated in 19 patients (90,5%), three patients had to refuse from this method. Ways of elimination: restitution of drainage function of airways, including bronchial spasmolytics; forceps cutting or argon - plasma coagulation of granulations/ cicatrix, valve replacement.  Conclusions: The revealed complications are not fatal and can be easily eliminated.
Abstract 3007: Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors before Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Improve Perfusion and Outcomes: Insights from APEX-AMI
Authors: Kurt Huber, Philip E Aylward, Arnoud W van 't Hof, Gilles Montalescot, David R Holmes, G A Betriu, Petr Widimsky, Cynthia M Westerhout, Christopher B Granger, Paul W Armstrong
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: APEX-AMI provides a unique contemporary opportunity to explore the influence of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) and their timing on myocardial perfusion and outcomes in STEMI pt...
Application of Interphase Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization for the Detection of the Burkitt Translocation t(8;14)(q24;q32) in B-Cell Lymphomas
Authors: Reiner Siebert, Peter Matthiesen, Svetlana Harder, Yanming Zhang, Annekathrin Borowski, Reina Zühlke-Jenisch, Simone Metzke, Stefan Joos, Klaus Weber-Matthiesen, Werner Grote, Brigitte Schlegelberger
Journal: Blood (1998)
Multiple breath washout is feasible and detects abnormal lung function in infants and young children with cystic fibrosis in the clinical setting
Authors: Mirjam Stahl, Cornelia Joachim, Kerstin Blessing, Susanne Hämmerling, Olaf Sommerburg, Philipp Latzin, Marcus Mall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease starts in the first months of life often before the onset of clinical symptoms. Multiple breath washout (MBW) has been shown to detect abnormal lung function in infants and young children in the laboratory setting. In this study, we determined the feasibility of MBW in 0 to 4 year old children with CF and non-CF controls in the clinical setting of a CF center without prior experience with this technique.  Methods: 14 children with CF (mean age 1.3 ± 1.0 years) and 26 age-matched non-CF controls were available for investigation. MBW was performed in sedation with chloral hydrate with sulphur hexafluoride after analysis of tidal breathing. A minimum of three washouts was performed in each child and a minimum of two measurements fulfilling quality criteria was necessary for a “successful investigation”.  Results: MBW was successful in 67.5 % of all children. Mean lung clearance index (LCI) was significantly higher in CF compared to non-CF controls (P=0.006). Further, the frequency of elevated LCI (z-score>1.96) was significantly increased in CF compared to controls (P=0.0003).  Conclusions: We conclude that MBW is feasible and sensitive to detect abnormal lung function in infants and young children with CF in the clinical setting.  Supported by the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (82DZL00401) and the Dietmar Hopp Stiftung.
Select γ-Secretase Inhibitors Induce Apoptosis in Pre-B ALL Cells and Disrupt the Balance Between Constitutive Notch Signaling and Repression.
Authors: Bridget S. Wilson, Xiangbing Meng, Tomas Mazel, Cheryl L. Willman, Susan Atlas, Richard Harvey, I-Ming Chen, Stephen P. Hunger, Janet M Oliver, Stuart S. Winter
Journal: Blood (2008)
The role of flexible bronchoscopy in evaluation of recurrent and persistant pneumonia in children
Authors: Yasemin Gokdemir, Erkan Cakir, Ela Erdem, Refika Ersu, Bulent Karadag, Fazilet Karakoc
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Recurrent pneumonia is defined as at least 2 pneumonia episodes in a 1-year period or at least 3 during a lifetime. Persistant pneumonia is defined as persistence of symptoms and radiographic abnormalities for more than one month. The aim of this study was to determine the role of flexible bronchoscopy (FB) in evaluation of recurrent/persistant pneumonia in children.

Material-methods: Retrospective review of patients who underwent FB with an indication of recurrent/persistant pneumonia from January 1997 through March 2010 at the Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Marmara University, Istanbul. Demographic data, underlying illness and the role of FB in diagnosing the underlying illness were evaluated.

Results: There were 161 patients (58% male) and median age at presentation was 6.6 years (25-75.persentile, 2.3-9.5 years). 67% of the patients were diagnosed as persistent, 33% patients were diagnosed as recurrent pneumonia. An underlying etiology could be identified in 52 (32%) of children only after bronchoscopy. Retained FBA and congenital airway anomalies were diagnosed in 20 (12%) and 14 (9%) patients, respectively. Endobronchial tuberculosis was seen in 9 (5.5%) and M. tuberculosis was isolated from BAL in 3 (1.5%) patients and in total 12 (7%) patients were diagnosed tuberculosis by FB. Pulmonary hemosiderosis was diagnosed in 6 (4%) patients. There were minor complications like transient hypoxia and tachycardia during FB in 8% of the patients.

Conclusions: FB was essential for diagnosis in 32% of patients and offered a safe and helpful tool in evaluation of children with recurrent/persistant pneumonia.
Why all the fuss about genetically modified food?
Authors: D. Burke
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Why are some consumers concerned about food from genetically modified plants? After all, we have been modifying crop plants for centuries by plant breeding. What is new is the recent development of biotechnology that makes it possible to move a single gene from one species to another to produce crops which do not rot so quickly or which are resistant to herbicides or to attacks from viruses, fungi, or insects.

Over the past 20 years we have learnt how to isolate genes from any living organism, introduce the new gene into another organism, and get it to work there. The DNA is isolated and treated with restriction enzymes, which break the DNA down into large fragments about the size of a gene or bigger. These fragments are then forced into strains of bacteria or viruses so that, on average, each bacterium or virus contains one piece of DNA. Growth of the mixture amplifies every piece present, the mixture is plated out, and the bacteria or viruses are then grown up from single colonies. …
The prevalence, cost and basis of food allergy across Europe
Authors: E. N. C. Mills, A. R. Mackie, P. Burney, K. Beyer, L. Frewer, C. Madsen, E. Botjes, R. W. R. Crevel, R. Van Ree
Journal: Allergy (2007)

The development of effective management strategies to optimize the quality of life for allergic patients is currently hampered by a lack of good quality information. Estimates of how many individuals suffer from food allergy and the major foods involved vary widely and inadequacies of in vitro diagnostics make food challenges the only reliable means of diagnosis in many instances. The EuroPrevall project brings together a multidisciplinary partnership to address these issues. Cohorts spanning the main climatic regions of Europe are being developed in infants through a birth cohort, community surveys in school‐age children and adults and an outpatient clinic study. Confirmatory double‐blind placebo‐controlled food challenge diagnosis is being undertaken using foods as they are eaten with titrated doses to allow no‐effect and lowest‐observable effect levels for allergenic foods to be determined. The cohorts will also facilitate validation of novel in vitro diagnostics through the development of the EuroPrevall Serum Bank. Complementary studies in Ghana, western Siberia, India and China will allow us to gain insights into how different dietary patterns and exposure to microorganisms affect food allergies. New instruments to assess the socioeconomic impact of food allergy are being developed in the project and their application in the clinical cohorts will allow, for the first time, an assessment to be made of the burden this disease places on allergy sufferers and their communities.
Ramucirumab versus placebo as second-line treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma following first-line therapy with sorafenib (REACH): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 trial
Authors: Andrew X Zhu, Joon Oh Park, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Chia-Jui Yen, Ronnie Poon, Davide Pastorelli, Jean-Frederic Blanc, Hyun Cheol Chung, Ari D Baron, Tulio Eduardo Flesch Pfiffer, Takuji Okusaka, Katerina Kubackova, Jorg Trojan, Javier Sastre, Ian Chau, Shao-Chun Chang, Paolo B Abada, Ling Yang, Jonathan D Schwartz, Masatoshi Kudo
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Circulating tumor cell kinetics in mRCC patients treated with sunitinib.
Authors: Kriti Mittal, Anthony Williams, Siddarth Rawal, Vyshak Alva Venur, Bo Lu, Jorge Torres-Munoz, Ernest C. Borden, Zheng Ao, Martin OMalley, Laura S. Wood, Siyang Zheng, Ram H Datar, Yu-Chong Tai, Richard J. Cote, Brian I. Rini
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

481 Background: Detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is limited by inconsistent expression of epithelial cell adhesion molecule. We have previously detected CTCs using microfilter devices that exploit size differences between larger epithelial tumor and smaller non-tumor blood cells. Methods: Treatment naive pts with clear cell metastatic RCC (mRCC) were enrolled on a prospective phase II trial of intermittent sunitinib. Peripheral blood samples were collected at baseline, day 28 of cycles 1, 2, 4, and after the 8-week off-treatment period. Peripheral blood was diluted 1:1 with PBS and 1% formalin. Cells were captured with microfilters, stained with pan cytokeratin (CK) and CD45, conjugated with Alexa Fluor (AF) 594 and AF 488. Microfilters were cover-slipped with a DAPI containing medium for nuclear visualization. CTCs were identified as large CK+/CD45- events. Results: Pt characteristics (n=17) included 13 male/4 female; median age 65 years; median performance status KPS 90%; 100% prior nephrectomy. By Heng criteria, 4 pts were favorable, 12 intermediate and 1 poor risk. Site of metastases included lungs (59%), bone (41%) and lymph nodes (35%). Baseline CTCs (35 total samples collected) were detectable in at least one sample in 9 patients (53%), with a median CTC count of 6 (range, 1-31/ml); overall median CTC count was 1 CTC/ml including undetectable patients at baseline. Intrapatient variability was observed with the maximum intrapatient range of 4 to 58 CTCs/ml. After cycle 1 of sunitinib, median CTCs increased to 23 cells/ml (range, 0-94). Median CTCs after cycle 2 was 2 cells/ml (range, 0-322) and cycle 4 was 4.5 cells/ml (range, 0-500). After the 8 week off-treatment period, a median of 3.5 CTCs/ml (range, 0-242) were detected. In 6 patients with undetectable CTCs at baseline, CTCs were detected during the first 2 cycles of treatment, and in 4 of these patients, they declined or became undetectable by the last sampling period. Conclusions: A high rate of CTC detection is demonstrated using micro-filters in mRCC. CTC levels tend to increase during the first few weeks of treatment with sunitinib, and then decline with continued sunitinib and after sunitinib is held.
Radiosensitivity and Biological Properties of Two Tumor Types Indigenous to the Same Host. VIII. Catalase Activity Within Three Intracellular Fractions and Its Response to Various Chemical Agents&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Leo A. Miller, Anna Goldfeder
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Journal Article Radiosensitivity and Biological Properties of Two Tumor Types Indigenous to the Same Host. VIII. Catalase Activity Within Three Intracellular Fractions and Its Response to Various Chemical Agents Get access Leo A. Miller, Leo A. Miller Cancer and Radiobiological Research Laboratory, Department of Hospitals, City of New York, and the Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anna Goldfeder Anna Goldfeder Cancer and Radiobiological Research Laboratory, Department of Hospitals, City of New York, and the Department of Biology, New York University, New York, New York Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 33, Issue 1, July 1964, Pages 27–32, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/33.1.27 Published: 01 July 1964 Article history Received: 14 November 1963 Published: 01 July 1964
Early-onset transient asthma and impaired lung function in adolescence - preliminary data from the BAMSE cohort
Authors: Jenny Hallberg, Per Thunqvist, Erica Schultz, Inger Kull, Per Gustafsson, Magnus Wickman, Erik Melén
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background   Early-onset asthma has been suggested to be related to lung function deficits that track through the school years.   Aim   To examine associations between early-onset asthma and lung function at 8 and 16 yrs of age.   Methods   The prospective BAMSE birth cohort (n= 4089) has information on wheeze and asthma symptoms from follow-ups at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 yrs. Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV 1 ) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were performed at 8  and 16 yrs. Asthma up to 4 yrs was defined as >3 episodes of wheezing in the last 12 mths, combined either with inhaled steroids or signs of hyper-reactivity; and wheeze at 8 and 16 yrs as one or more episodes of wheeze in the last 12 mths. The reference group was free of wheeze at all time points.   Results   12% (n=206) of the examined children had asthma onset before the age of 4 yrs. 47 (23%) of these reported wheeze at both 8 and 16 yr (early-onset persistent asthma), while 102 (50%) experienced no further symptoms after the age of 4 (early-onset transient asthma). Compared to the reference group, FEV 1 /FVC(%) at 8 yrs was significantly lower in the persistent (–4.12 % units, p   –2.99 % units, p  1  increase from 8 to 16 yrs, was significantly lower for both groups.   Conclusions   Onset of asthma in the first 4 yrs of life was in our study associated with impaired lung function at 8 and 16 yrs of age. Even if symptoms are transient, there seems to be further reduction of lung function between childhood and adolescence.
Staff burnout threatens plans for NHS, says think tank
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Plans to implement seven day working and to generate £22bn (€31bn; $33bn) of efficiency savings in the NHS in England by 2020 are at risk of being derailed by staff burnout, a leading healthcare think tank has warned.

In a briefing published on Tuesday 2 June the Nuffield Trust said that the government’s ambitious targets would not be realised unless it “prioritises reconnecting with the NHS workforce and ensuring staff feel valued in their work.”1

It added that the NHS needed to reduce its reliance on agency staffing, highlighting the fact that NHS hospital and foundation trusts increased their spending on contract and agency staff by £800m …
Histogenetic Behavior of Tumors. II. Roles of Cellular and Environmental Factors in the &lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt; Growth of Carcinoma Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Nelly Auersperg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)
Risk factors for wheezing and allergy in preschool children (PSC) after admission for acute bronchiolitis
Authors: Ana Saianda, Sandra Lobo, Sara Aguilar, Raquel Gouveia, Ana Silva, Tiago Silva, Filipa Negreiro, Teresa Bandeira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is associated to later development of wheezing (W) and allergic sensitisation, but risk factors remain controversial. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that clinical background and features of the acute episode influences outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in 71 out of 340 infants< 2 year-old admitted for AB (Oct/02-Apr/04) in a terciary teaching hospital. We conducted structured interviews, spirometry and skin-prick tests (SPT) to common inhalant allergens to 4-6 year-old and looked for demographic and clinical risk factors (male gender, born season, prematurity, exposure to smoke, nursery,older siblings, pets, family history of allergy, no breast feeding) and for the acute episode \[RSV, age <6 weeks, severity\] (length of hospital stay ≥6 days and time on oxygen ≥4 days)] and use of steroids. Main outcomes were any episode of W and persistent wheezing (PW).

Results: W occurred in 50 (70%) of children, but only 19 (39%) referred PW. We found no differences between groups, except for steroid treatment at acute episode [W 6 (12%)/not W 8 (38%)] that was associated with a 4,5 risk reduction of wheezing (adjusted OR [IC] 0,22 [0,065–0,76]),but not for PW. PW was associated with positive SPT [PW 7 (39%); no PW 3 (10%)], adjusted OR [IC] 3,7 [1,4–10,2].

Conclusion: This study shows a high prevalence of wheezing in PSC after AB in infancy associated with atopy. The use of steroids seemed protective.We found no influence from family history of allergy, RSV infection or severity at the acute episode. These data suggests caution on using established risk factors for prognosis after an episode of BA.