tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Computed Tomographic Screening for Lung Cancer
Authors: Phillip M. Boiselle, Charles S. White, James G. Ravenel
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Russell P. Harris, MD, MPH; Stacey L. Sheridan, MD, MPH; Carmen L. Lewis, MD, MPH; Colleen Barclay, MPH; Maihan B. Vu, DrPH, MPH; Christine E. Kistler, MD, MASc; Carol E. Golin, MD; Jessica T. DeFrank, PhD; Noel T. Brewer, PhD
Contaminated cell lines may have imperilled some cancer research
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

An international group of scientists has warned that oesophageal cancer cell lines that have been widely used to test new treatments may have distorted results because they contained cell lines from other types of cancer. 

Writing in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute the group says, “This report is a call for all scientists to authenticate their cell lines” (doi:10.1093/jnci/djp499).

The incidence of oesophageal cancer has risen sharply in Western countries, say the researchers, from the Erasmus Medical Center in Rotterdam and from the United …
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and circadian rhythms of hormones and cytokines.
Authors: P Entzian, K Linnemann, M Schlaak, P Zabel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Several cytokines exhibit a high degree of temporal regulation as well as somnogenic potency (e.g., interleukin-1 [IL-1], tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]). Seeking the underlying cause of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), we investigated whether circadian rhythms of cytokine release were altered in 10 patients with OSAS. Ten healthy volunteers served as the control population. Seven of the 10 OSAS patients were reexamined after 3 mo of therapy with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) mask ventilation. Circadian cytokine release (IL-1, IL-6, gamma-interferon [gamma-IFN], TNF-alpha) was investigated ex vivo by short-term culture of blood samples. The circadian rhythm of TNF-alpha release was significantly disturbed in OSAS patients: nocturnal physiologic peaks in this cytokine had almost disappeared and an additional daytime peak had developed. Circadian variations in IL-1, IL-6, and gamma-IFN, and in the immunoregulatory hormones melatonin and cortisol, did not differ from those in the controls. Because TNF-alpha is a known modulator of sleep, and nCPAP therapy did not normalize TNF rhythms, we assume that TNF-alpha could well play a pathophysiologic role in OSAS. Further studies should be directed at whether a physiopathologic and/or pathogenic link exists between TNF-alpha and OSAS.
A novel neuron-enriched protein SDIM1 is down regulated in Alzheimer's brains and attenuates cell death induced by DNAJB4 over-expression in neuro-progenitor cells
Authors: Joy X Lei, Cristina G Cassone, Christian Luebbert, Qing Yan Liu
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2011)

Molecular changes in multiple biological processes contribute to the development of chronic neurodegeneration such as late onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). To discover how these changes are reflected at the level of gene expression, we used a subtractive transcription-based amplification of mRNA procedure to identify novel genes that have altered expression levels in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Among the genes altered in expression level in AD brains was a transcript encoding a novel protein, SDIM1, that contains 146 amino acids, including a typical signal peptide and two transmembrane domains. Here we examined its biochemical properties and putative roles in neuroprotection/neurodegeneration.QRT-PCR analysis of additional AD and control post-mortem human brains showed that the SDIM1 transcript was indeed significantly down regulated in all AD brains. SDIM1 is more abundant in NT2 neurons than astrocytes and present throughout the cytoplasm and neural processes, but not in the nuclei. In NT2 neurons, it is highly responsive to stress conditions mimicking insults that may cause neurodegeneration in AD brains. For example, SDIM1 was significantly down regulated 2 h after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), though had recovered 16 h later, and also appeared significantly up regulated compared to untreated NT2 neurons. Overexpression of SDIM1 in neuro-progenitor cells improved cells' ability to survive after injurious insults and its downregulation accelerated cell death induced by OGD. Yeast two-hybrid screening and co-immunoprecipitation approaches revealed, both in vitro and in vivo, an interaction between SDIM1 and DNAJB4, a heat shock protein hsp40 homolog, recently known as an enhancer of apoptosis that also interacts with the mu opioid receptor in human brain. Overexpression of DNAJB4 alone significantly reduced cell viability and SDIM1 co-overexpression was capable of attenuating the cell death caused DNAJB4, suggesting that the binding of SDIM1 to DNAJB4 might sequester DNAJB4, thus increasing cell viability.Taken together, we have identified a small membrane protein, which is down regulated in AD brains and neuronal cells exposed to injurious insults. Its ability to promote survival and its interaction with DNAJB4 suggest that it may play a very specific role in brain cell survival and/or receptor trafficking.
Heterosexually Acquired HTLV-III/LAV Disease (AIDS-Related Complex and AIDS)
Authors: Robert R. Redfield
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Thirty-seven percent (15/41) of patients with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) disease (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome [AIDS] or AIDS-related complex) sequentially evaluated at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, acquired this infection from a partner(s) of the opposite sex. Demographic features of these 15 patients (ten males and five females) differed substantially from those for patients reported to the Centers for Disease Control. Heterosexual contact with partners who developed AIDS or who were at risk for AIDS was confirmed in six patients. The remaining nine patients had multiple (greater than 50) heterosexual partners and/or sexual contact with prostitutes. The method of sexual activity did not appear to be related to disease acquisition; however, this study clearly demonstrated that receptive anal intercourse was not a requirement. The observations reported herein provide further epidemiologic evidence to support the occurrence of bidirectional heterosexual transmission (both male to female and female to male) of HTLV-III infection and disease.
Cases Illustrating the Occurrence of Abnormal Eruptions in Small-Pox
Authors: F. Pollard
Journal: BMJ (1871)

Sol ments of some patients, a twist of the specialist's sound has sometimes rectified a long overlooked twist of the womb.Such tales recall to my memory the boasted achievements of the magician's wand, or the magic touch of the bone-setter's art.I cannot say that this speedy rectifica- tion of uterine twists accords with my experience, even when the sound and pessary have been used under the guidance of th; respected leaders of the obstetric art.The world has been accustomed to see and to smile at the blindness which often prevents a specialist from finding any other ailment in a conisultant than in his favourite organ.Let us hope that it may have been only this form of amiable blindness which afflicted the gentlemen connected with the cases which I have enumer- ated.In conclusion, there is one thing which I think a specialist should do in such cases: having mentioned the word displacement, he ought also to be particular to explain that, although the ordinary medical attendant may not have said there was displacement, yet that he must have been aware of its existence, as the displacement is generally only one of the symptoms of the disease of the womb afflicting the patient.In disease of the hip-joint, with resulting dislocation on to the ilium, a consulting- surgeon would never dismiss the patient under the idea that his ordinary medical attendant had overlooked the dislocation, and that it was simply a case of dislocation of the hip-joint.
364 HYPOTHYROIDISM AND GLUCOSE HOMEOSTASIS MARKERS IN NAFLD PATIENTS
Authors: C.P. Oliveira, V.M. Lima, F. Rabelo, J.T. Stefano, J. Faintuch, D.C. Mazo, M.A. Nogueira, M. Cunha-Silva, R.G. De Lima, F.J. Carrilho
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
A good news tale of two diseases
Authors: F. Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2013)

This week, the BMJ brings together two common diseases that can mar the lives of young people.Neither could be considered glamorous, but one is treatable and the other preventable, so both provide important good news stories.Acne is almost a rite of passage for most people.It affects 90% of teenagers and, because it is usually self limiting, it may be considered a trivial condition.But as summarised by Annelise Dawson and Robert Dellavalle in their Clinical Review (doi:10.1136/bmj.f2634),half of sufferers continue to have symptoms as adults, and acne can seriously affect young people's quality of life and mental health.It can also result in disfiguring scarring which is difficult to treat.Because of this, the authors caution us not to underestimate its impact.They advise "early, aggressive, mechanistically driven therapy."And there is evidence that the right treatment works, not only on the skin but also on the psychological wellbeing of patients.
Medical Therapy for Chronic Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Kenneth M. Kessler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1989Medical Therapy for Chronic Congestive Heart FailureKenneth M. Kessler, MDKenneth M. Kessler, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-111-9-768 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:The editorial by Drs. Jaeschke and Guyatt (1) on the medical therapy for chronic congestive heart failure was concise, timely, and well focused; however, the treatment subgroup was assumed and not defined. Currently, there are four studies (2-4) demonstrating that approximately 30% of patients with congestive heart failure have normal left ventricular ejection fractions. Such patients cannot be clinically discerned from those with abnormal ejection fractions, rarely have marked hypertrophy or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, but frequently have hypertensive or ischemic heart disease with accompanying diastolic left ventricular dysfunction. Pertinent to medical therapy, patients with normal ejection fractions do...References1. JaeschkeGuyatt RG. Medical therapy in chronic congestive heart failure [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:758-60. LinkGoogle Scholar2. EcheverriaBilskerMyerburgKessler HMRK. Congestive heart failure: echocardiographic insights. Am J Med. 1983;75:750-5. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SouferWohlgelernterVita RDN. Intact systolic left ventricular function in clinical congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1985;55:1032-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. AguirrePearsonLewen FAM. Usefulness of doppler echocardiography in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 1989;63:1098-102. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Kessler K. Heart failure with normal systolic function. Arch Intern Med. 1988;148:2109-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. JaeschkeGuyatt RG. Medical therapy for congestive heart failure. [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1989;110:758-60. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Miami Veterans Administration Medical Center Miami, FL 33125 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCongestive heart failure in coronary artery diseaseCardiac failure in coronary heart disease 1 November 1989Volume 111, Issue 9Page: 768-769KeywordsCardiomyopathiesCardiovascular therapyEjection fractionHeart failureLeft ventricular ejection fractionLongitudinal studies Issue Published: 1 November 1989 PDF downloadLoading ...
New insights into the regulation and function of brain estrogen synthase (aromatase)
Authors: Jacques Balthazart, Gregory F. Ball
Journal: Trends in Neurosciences (1998)

In the brain, conversion of androgens into estrogens by the enzyme aromatase (estrogen synthase) is a key mechanism by which testosterone regulates many physiological and behavioral processes, including the activation of male sexual behavior, brain sexual differentiation and negative feedback effects of steroid hormones on gonadotropin secretion. Studies on the distribution and regulation of brain aromatase have led to a new perspective on the control and function of this enzyme. A growing body of evidence indicates that the estrogen regulation of aromatase is, at least in part, trans-synaptic. Afferent catecholamine pathways appear to regulate aromatase activity in some brain areas and thereby provide a way for environmental cues to modulate this enzyme. The localization of aromatase in pre-synaptic boutons suggests possible roles for estrogens at the synapse.
Does the Metabolic Syndrome Really Exist?: Diabetes and Heart Disease Groups Spar Over Issue
Authors: M. Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Variable Curriculum — Continuing Changes in Medical Education
Authors: Lamar Soutter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

IT is probable that our forebears, who taught all aspects of medicine according to the traditional doctrines of the ancients, were reasonably happy with the medical curriculum. Because any thought of alteration was considered to be heresy the faculty was free to present its ordered lectures untroubled by thoughts about whether or not they might be improved by change. The practical approach of the early American practitioner to disease began to dispel this complacency; the age of experimentation and scientific deduction in which we now find ourselves has destroyed it completely.Advantages of the Conventional CurriculumThe traditional American medical . . .
The Relation of the Surgeon to His Government
Authors: William Jason Mixter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1952)

IN discussing this subject, I am treading on perilous and debated ground as surely as though I were between the lines in Korea, but this matter is vital to us all. The relation of the surgeon to his government is an ever-changing one, and future trends should be guided by us. We know the difficulties of the problems and we should know the proper solutions. This matter is important to us and to our country, but it is essential that we always remember this: "The prime object of the medical profession is to render service to humanity; reward or financial . . .
Fungi Subvert Vaccine T Cell Priming at the Respiratory Mucosa by Preventing Chemokine-Induced Influx of Inflammatory Monocytes
Authors: Marcel Wüthrich, Karen Ersland, Thomas Sullivan, Kevin Galles, Bruce S. Klein
Journal: Immunity (2012)

Vaccinologists strive to harness immunity at mucosal sites of pathogen entry. We studied respiratory delivery of an attenuated vaccine against Blastomyces dermatitidis. We created a T cell receptor transgenic mouse responsive to vaccine yeast and found that mucosal vaccination led to poor T cell activation in the draining nodes and differentiation in the lung. Mucosal vaccination subverted lung T cell priming by inducing matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), which impaired the action of the chemokine CCL7 on egress of CCR2+ Ly6Chi inflammatory monocytes from the bone marrow and their recruitment to the lung. Studies in Mmp2−/− mice, or treatment with MMP inhibitor or rCCL7, restored recruitment of Ly6Chi monocytes to the lung and CD4+ T cell priming. Mucosal vaccination against fungi and perhaps other respiratory pathogens may require manipulation of host MMPs in order to alter chemokine signals needed to recruit Ly6Chi monocytes and prime T cells at the respiratory mucosa.
Screening for Bladder Cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement
Authors: Virginia A. Moyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Update of the 2004 U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation statement on screening for bladder cancer.The USPSTF performed a targeted literature search for new evidence on the benefits and harms of screening, the accuracy of primary care-feasible screening tests, and the benefits and harms of treatment.The USPSTF concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for bladder cancer in asymptomatic adults (I statement).
Renal Replacement Lipomatosis
Authors: Hyman L. Gildenhorn
Journal: JAMA (1962)

TRANSFORMATION of the kidney by fatty replacement of parenchyma destroyed by various diseases was first reported in European medical literature in the nineteenth century. The entity has received only cursory attention, primarily in urological journals in this country. There are many situations in which fat may be laid down in areas in the body undergoing a decrease in mass of a functioning tissue. Renal replacement lipomatosis (fatty transformation of the kidney) is one of these nonspecific reactions of the body in which fat deposition may follow destruction of portions or all of the kidney. Pyelonephritis with calculi, noninflammatory kidney diseases, and obesity associated with large peripelvic fat deposits have all been reported to be associated with renal lipomatosis. The fat may extend from the renal hilus eccentrically or uniformly depending in part on the pattern of kidney parenchymal destruction. Once the process is initiated, the laying down of fat may
Choosing an antidepressant.
Authors: D E Case
Journal: BMJ (1978)

ulcer has shown that admission for perforation in the years 1973-6 was as common among black as among white patients at the Johannes- burg General Hospital.'The type of complica- tion occurring was also similar in the two population groups, perforation and haemorrhage being common, in contrast to the greater frequency of stenosis reported in many studies from rural areas in Africa.
TWO ATYPICAL CASES OF SMALLPOX.
Authors: SAMUEL E. EARP
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>Case 1.—History.</h3> —On April 1, 1905, I saw J. H. at the Indianapolis City Hospital, who had been sent there on the previous day with (alleged) typhoid fever. There was no history of syphilis and the patient had had the infectious diseases of childhood. He had been vaccinated six years ago. The patient had been a moderate drinker of alcoholic stimulants. His present sickness commenced with a general malaise and occasional chilly sensations. There was no pain, appetite was good, bowels were constipated, and there was some slight fever. <h3>Examination.</h3> —I found the skin dry, face slightly flushed, and a few papules which, in their incipiency, a few days previous to admission to the hospital, had been designated as the rose-colored spots of typhoid fever. There was a slight elevation of temperature. Tongue was heavily coated, abdomen slightly tender, and palpation of the chest gave negative results. This was
Spatiotemporal 16p11.2 Protein Network Implicates Cortical Late Mid-Fetal Brain Development and KCTD13-Cul3-RhoA Pathway in Psychiatric Diseases
Authors: Guan Ning Lin, Roser Corominas, Irma Lemmens, Xinping Yang, Jan Tavernier, David E. Hill, Marc Vidal, Jonathan Sebat, Lilia M. Iakoucheva
Journal: Neuron (2015)
Flush-Back Treatment of Stone Impacted in Urethra
Authors: Heinrich Lamm
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> In the treatment of urethral stones "the guiding principle should be to pull out, push back or fragment... The method which is simplest, least traumatic and possesses the greatest potentiality of success should be tried first." I recently used an apparently new method which may be better than many others: I flushed the stone back into the bladder by water pressure. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> On Feb 18, 1969,I saw a man, because he could not void. The patient had passed urinary stones in the past. "This time," he said, "I have the feeling the stone is stuck here," and he pointed to the perineum. The patient was in pain. The bladder was greatly distended. The perineum was slightly tender, but I could not feel a stone. I did not examine him rectally. There was no reason to doubt the diagnosis. I injected 20 ml of sterile
Neuropilin-1 in regulation of VEGF-induced activation of p38MAPK and endothelial cell organization
Authors: Harukiyo Kawamura, Xiujuan Li, Katsutoshi Goishi, Laurens A. van Meeteren, Lars Jakobsson, Stéphanie Cébe-Suarez, Akio Shimizu, Dan Edholm, Kurt Ballmer-Hofer, Lena Kjellén, Michael Klagsbrun, Lena Claesson-Welsh
Journal: Blood (2008)
Determinants of the progression of coronary calcification: a multivariate analysis in 250 patients
Authors: Ralph Maeffert, Karsten Pohle, Dieter Ropers, Matthias Regenfus, Magda Kusus, Theresa Menendez, Gerd Muschiol, Werner Moshage, Werner G. Daniel, Stephan Achenbach
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Long-Standing Pneumonitis
Authors: Sidney P. Kadish
Journal: JAMA (1970)

Dr. Sidney P. Kadish: The patient, a 15-year-old white boy, was admitted to the Massachusetts General Hospital for increasing dyspnea of six months' duration. The patient had been in good health before the onset of the illness. Over this six-month period, he had a dry, hacking, nonproductive cough, gradual onset of dyspnea on exertion, and a weight loss of 4.1 kg (9 lb). The patient was referred here after admission to a community hospital where antibiotics gave no symptomatic relief and a biopsy specimen of the cervical lymph node was normal. At the time of physical examination, the patient was noted to be afebrile, and dry rales were heard in both lungs. Enlarged lymph nodes were felt in the anterior portion of the neck bilaterally and in the supraclavicular area on the left side. One examiner thought he felt a slightly enlarged spleen. The remainder of the physical examination was
The pathomechanisms of psoriasis; the skin immune system and cyclosporin
Authors: J.D. BOS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article The pathomechanisms of psoriasis; the skin immune system and cyclosporin Get access J.D. BOS J.D. BOS Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam, Academisch Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Dr J.D.Bos, Department of Dermatology, University of Amsterdam, Academisch Medisch Centrum, AO‐223, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 118, Issue 2, 1 February 1988, Pages 141–155, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb01768.x Published: 01 February 1988