tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dying Is Worked to Death
Authors: Bill Garoutte
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I have usually been pleased by the editorial opinions of Dr. Samuel Vaisrub, but was brought up short by his comment on death in the Sept 30<i>JAMA</i>. He has hit on one of the major problems in medical education as it now exists, in his remark that the physician "has been trained to cure, not to comfort; to relieve pain, not to dispel dread." This de facto educational attitude means to many persons that physicians should be excellent technicians (which most are), but that their humanity should be set aside whenever they meet a "clinical problem" (which too many do). He also proposes a series of questions about attitudes and actions related to death in its various forms, but instead of suggesting that more study and writing are needed on the subject, he reacts to his own important unanswered questions by hiding his soul under a
Royal Colleges' Action
Authors: J. C. Nicholson
Journal: BMJ (1948)

Athletes active in endurance sports are at an increased risk of acquiring asthma through their sports activities, especially so for cross-country skiers, biathlon skiers, swimmers and athletes of other endurance sports. Asthma may be present from early childhood or develop while in active sports. This article focuses on the physical activity and sports activities in children and adolescents. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is found in 8–10% of a normal child population of school age and in about 35% of children with current asthma. EIA is caused by the markedly increased ventilation during exercise, with increased heat and water loss through respiration, leading to bronchial constriction. The risk of developing asthma in the young athlete is related to the repeated daily training activity with increased epithelial damage of the airways, delayed repair due to the daily repetition of the training and increased airway mucosal inflammation. The increased environmental exposure through the sports activity to environmental agents, such as cold, dry air in skiers and chlorine compounds in swimmers, increases symptoms and signs of asthma and bronchial hyper-responsiveness, either worsening an existing asthma or leading to a novel disease in a previously healthy athlete. Several specific aspects of daily training life, environmental exposure, diagnostic procedures and aspects of treatment related to the regulations of medication use in sports need particular attention when addressing the adolescent athlete with respiratory symptoms.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Immune Mediated Thrombocytopenia in the Phase III RESONATETM Study of Ibrutinib Vs Ofatumumab in Relapsed/Refractory Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia/Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma, Including a Case Report
Authors: Marco Montillo, Susan O'Brien, Alessandra Tedeschi, Peter Hillmen, Claire Dearden, Devinder Gill, Jennifer R. Brown, Jaqueline C. Barrientos, Stephen Mulligan, Richard R. Furman, Florence Cymbalista, Clara Plascencia, Stephen Chang, Emily Hsu, Danelle F. James, John C. Byrd
Journal: Blood (2014)
Recurrence risks in children having one parent with a congenital heart disease.
Authors: J J Nora, A H Nora
Journal: Circulation (1976)

The risk of recurrence of a congenital cardiovascular malformation in a child having one parent with congenital heart disease has been determined for each of the seven most common anomalies presently compatible with survival to reproductive age. The range of risk is 2.5% to 4.3% depending on the lesion. This is within the range of expectation for the model of multifactorial inheritance previously used to predict recurrence in other first-degree relatives of probands (siblings and parents) with congenital heart disease. The cardiovascular abnormality occurring in the child was most often the same as in the parent or was a closely related variant of it.
Arsonium‐Containing Lipophosphoramides, Poly‐Functional Nano‐Carriers for Simultaneous Antibacterial Action and Eukaryotic Cell Transfection
Authors: Tony Le Gall, Mathieu Berchel, Sophie Le Hir, Aurore Fraix, Jean Yves Salaün, Claude Férec, Pierre Lehn, Paul‐Alain Jaffrès, Tristan Montier
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Abstract Gene therapy of diseases like cystic fibrosis (CF) would consist of delivering a gene medicine towards the lungs via the respiratory tract into the target epithelial cells. Accordingly, poly‐functional nano‐carriers are required in order to overcome the various successive barriers of such a complex environment, such as airway colonization with bacterial strains. In this work, the antibacterial effectiveness of a series of cationic lipids is investigated before evaluating its compatibility with gene transfer into human bronchial epithelial cells. Among the various compounds considered, some bearing a trimethyl‐arsonium headgroup demonstrate very potent biocide effects towards clinically relevant bacterial strains. In contrast to cationic lipids exhibiting no or insufficient antibacterial potency, arsonium‐containing lipophosphoramides can simultaneously inhibit bacteria while delivering DNA into eukaryotic cells, as efficiently and safely as in absence of bacteria. Moreover, such vectors can demonstrate antibacterial activity in vitro while retaining high gene transfection efficiency to the nasal epithelium as well as to the lungs in mice in vivo. Arsonium‐containing amphiphiles are the first synthetic compounds shown to achieve efficient gene delivery in the presence of bacteria, a property particularly suitable for gene therapy strategies under infected conditions such as within the airways of CF patients.
Human plasmacytoid predendritic cells activate NK cells through glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-ligand (GITRL)
Authors: Shino Hanabuchi, Norihiko Watanabe, Yi-Hong Wang, Yui-Hsi Wang, Tomoki Ito, Joanne Shaw, Wei Cao, F. Xiao-Feng Qin, Yong-Jun Liu
Journal: Blood (2006)
Inhibition of Viral Gene Expression and Replication in Mosquito Cells by dsRNA-Triggered RNA Interference
Authors: Natasha J Caplen, Zhili Zheng, Barry Falgout, Richard A Morgan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2002)

Mosquitoes transmit numerous viral pathogens to humans including dengue virus which affects ∼50 million individuals per year. Inhibition of viral gene expression within an insect host could be used to block virus replication and subsequent transmission of the pathogen to humans. A naturally occurring gene silencing mechanism triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), RNA interference (RNAi), has recently been described in a number of species including Drosophila. To ascertain if dsRNA-triggered RNAi is present in mosquito cells, we used Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells, and to investigate the feasibility of blocking viral gene expression and replication, we used two mosquito-borne viruses, Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and the serotype 1 dengue virus (DEN1). We demonstrate that dsRNA can specifically inhibit transgene expression in C6/36 cells from both plasmid and SFV replicons and can significantly modify the kinetics of DEN1 RNA and virus replication. The inhibition mediated by dsRNA was sequence-specific and either equal or superior to that induced by antisense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA). This study demonstrates dsRNA-triggered inhibition of gene expression and virus replication in mosquito cells and suggests that this mechanism could be used to block pathogen replication within an insect host and, thus, block disease transmission. Mosquitoes transmit numerous viral pathogens to humans including dengue virus which affects ∼50 million individuals per year. Inhibition of viral gene expression within an insect host could be used to block virus replication and subsequent transmission of the pathogen to humans. A naturally occurring gene silencing mechanism triggered by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), RNA interference (RNAi), has recently been described in a number of species including Drosophila. To ascertain if dsRNA-triggered RNAi is present in mosquito cells, we used Aedes albopictus C6/36 cells, and to investigate the feasibility of blocking viral gene expression and replication, we used two mosquito-borne viruses, Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and the serotype 1 dengue virus (DEN1). We demonstrate that dsRNA can specifically inhibit transgene expression in C6/36 cells from both plasmid and SFV replicons and can significantly modify the kinetics of DEN1 RNA and virus replication. The inhibition mediated by dsRNA was sequence-specific and either equal or superior to that induced by antisense single-stranded RNA (ssRNA). This study demonstrates dsRNA-triggered inhibition of gene expression and virus replication in mosquito cells and suggests that this mechanism could be used to block pathogen replication within an insect host and, thus, block disease transmission.
Scientific American Medicine
Authors: J. William Hollingsworth
Journal: JAMA (1980)

This two-volume loose-leafed compendium of internal medicine and its subspecialties is advertised as a medical education system and not simply a textbook. The "system" is that each month the owner-subscriber receives a new index and about 200 substitute pages, containing updates in certain specific areas and reprinting of the section incorporating the new material. These rewritten sections are accompanied by a flyer that lists the new facts and where in the text they will be found. As an educational system, the hope is that the subscriber read or reread the revised chapters in their entirety and not just the specific new facts. During the course of about two years, the reader who covered his regular monthly 200 pages would find that he had relatively painlessly read a current textbook of medicine. This system is possible only because of modern computerized printing and a pagination system that allows easy replacement of
Glomerulonephritis and Mycoplasma Infection
Authors: Sandra D. Waskowski, Bernard J. Powers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1983Glomerulonephritis and Mycoplasma InfectionSANDRA D. WASKOWSKI, M.D., BERNARD J. POWERS, M.D.SANDRA D. WASKOWSKI, M.D., BERNARD J. POWERS, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-98-1-112_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We report a case of asymptomatic glomerulonephritis with a mild reduction of creatinine clearance in association with mycoplasma infection. Smith and associates (1) have reported that asymptomatic glomerulonephritis, as shown by erythrocyte casts, may occur in up to 3.8% of young patients with nonstreptococcal upper respiratory infections. In their nine patients, five had a mild reduction of creatinine clearance. None of their patients had evidence of mycoplasma infection.A 17-year-old white man with normal urinalyses on 10 July 1979 and 6 October 1981 was seen on the fifth day of an illness with diffuse abdominal pain, watery...References1. SMITHCOOKEZIMMERMAN MJD. Asymptomatic glomerulonephritis after nonstreptococcal upper respiratory infections. Ann Intern Med. 1979;91:697-702. LinkGoogle Scholar2. VITULLOO'REGANDE CHADAREVIANKAPLAN BSJB. Mycoplasma pneumonia associated with acute glomerulonephritis. Nephron. 1978;21:284-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. AYOUBWANNAMAKER EL. Evaluation of the streptococcal desoxyribonuclease B and diphosphopyridine nucleotidase antibody tests in acute rheumatic fever and acute glomerulonephritis. Pediatrics. 1962;29:527-38. Google Scholar4. RICHET G Subclinical forms of glomerulonephritis. Clin Nephrol. 1978;9:179-83. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. BATESJENNINGSEARLE RRD. Acute nephritis unrelated to group A hemolytic streptococcus infection. Am J Med. 1957;23:510-28. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. MURRAYMASURSENTEFIT HHL. The protean manifestations of mycoplasma pneumonia in adults. Am J Med. 1975;58:229-40. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMycoplasma pneumoniaeMycoplasma pneumoniaeMycoplasma pneumoniaeAcute nephritis and respiratory tract infection caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae: case report and review of the literatureTransient Massive Proteinuria Associated With Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection 1 January 1983Volume 98, Issue 1Page: 112-113KeywordsAbdominal painCreatinineGlomerulonephritisMycoplasmaUpper respiratory tract infections Issue Published: 1 January 1983 PDF DownloadLoading ...
TOILET AND MEDICINAL SOAPS.
Authors: JOHN V. SHOEMAKER
Journal: JAMA (1892)

The skin may be briefly described as a dense layer, consisting chiefly of white fibrous tissue, with which are intermingled yellow elastic and unstriped muscular fibres. It is abundantly supplied with blood-vessels, lymphatics and nerves. Its outer surface is thrown up into little elevations, called papillæ, in which are lodged the tactile corpuscles. Sebaceous and sudoriparous glands are embedded in its substance, while its exterior is protected by an epithelial covering divisible into four strata. The epithelial cells constituting the superficial layer are hard and dry, from loss of water and conversion of albumin into keratin. The cuticular appendages, hair and nails, are merely modifications of the epithelium. The epithelial sheath, known as the cuticle or epidermis, is destitute of blood-vessels or nerves, and nourished solely by imbibition. The cells dry, harden and flatten as they approach the surface, and are continually being shed as they lose their vitality. The
902-4 Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis of Routine High Pressure Balloon Post-Dilatation After Palmaz-Schatz Stent Deployment
Authors: Ronald P. Caputo, John J. Lopez, Kalon K.L. Ho, George Y. Paik, Richard E. Kuntz, Donald S. Baim, Joseph P. Carrozza
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Diagnosis of Cholelithiasis
Authors: J. ASGHER
Journal: JAMA (1985)

To the Editor.—  This is in reference to the letter entitled Management of Cholelithiasis by Dr Thomas McKenzie, 1 published in the Jan 13 issue ofThe Journal. The conclusion drawn by our colleague was that the brave surgeons should reject the tempting assurances of high technology in favor of that erstwhile staple of surgical practice—exploratory laparotomy. It was quite saddening to note that in this day and age there are surgeons out there (1) who take one example of a particular case and lose their faith in their diagnostic colleagues, (2) who do not distinguish the difference between cholelithiasis and choledocholithiasis, and (3) who do not interpret the medical communications rightly.  There is no doubt that the diagnosis of gallstones can be either confirmed or rejected with an ultrasound examination alone in better than 90% of cases, and I do not have to give a list of references to
Acute Reversal of Experimental Diabetic Ketoacidosis in the Rat with (+)-Decanoylcarnitine
Authors: J. Denis McGarry, Daniel W. Foster
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1973)

The effect of (+)-decanoylcarnitine, a potent inhibitor of long-chain acylcarnitine transferase, was tested for its ability to inhibit hepatic ketogenesis both in the isolated perfused liver and in vivo in severely ketotic alloxan diabetic rats. In vitro the inhibitor caused an almost complete block in ketone body production. In vivo (+)-decanoylcarnitine caused a rapid reversal of ketosis under conditions where large doses of insulin had little effect. A combination of the two agents produced an even more striking fall in plasma ketone levels.While (+)-decanoylcarnitine alone had no effect on plasma glucose levels it enhanced the hypoglycemic effect of insulin in anesthetized animals. Loss of this effect was noted in nonanesthetized animals, possibly as a result of increased muscle activity. Studies in the isolated perfused liver indicated that the blockade of fatty acid oxidation and ketogenesis produced by (+)-decanoylcarnitine was rapidly reversible upon removal of the inhibitor.
Comparison of the effect of meals and prostigmine on the proximal and distal colon in patients with and without diarrhoea.
Authors: J J Misiewicz, A M Connell, F A Pontes
Journal: Gut (1966)

EDITORIAL COMMENT The right side of the colon tends to be relatively inaccessible to study.These observations, made by the telemetering technique of recording pressure, increase our knowledge of this region and show that activity on the right side of the colon tends to be independent of the activity in the sigmoid colon and rectum.
Respiratory problems of air travel in patients with spinal cord injuries.
Authors: J M Armitage, A Pyne, S J Williams, H Frankel
Journal: BMJ (1990)

phenicol and gentamicin being the most common.The presenrative benzalkonium chloride was present inmanv of these.Patients had been taking their medication for an average of nearly three weeks.In 87 patients the original svmptoms were character- istic of the diagnosis reached in the casualtv depart- ment.General practitioners had tended to overdiagnose microbial conjunctivitis.I Wtilswo A The red eve: a genra practice surve J R Coll Gen Prat 1987;37:62-4. 2McDonnefl PJ.Hos do general pracn manage eye disease in the conmumitv BrJ Opliahnol 198S;72:733-6- 3 LarinMIJ, Rose GE_ Use of sieroid eve drops in gencral prtce.Br Med4 1986;
A golden syrup
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Much of my working life is spent listening to confessions. For example, someone with diabetes might say, “I have the occasional KitKat; I’m so sorry, doctor.” Medicine’s denunciation of paternalism is but a sham, for we now attempt to micro-manage every detail of patients’ lives, through medications and health promotion diktats. But this clearly isn’t working.

People with type 2 diabetes fare the worst. Their diagnosis is now an absolute. The term “mild diabetes” has long been retired to the …
THE ETIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF ARTHRITIS
Authors: RALPH PEMBERTON
Journal: JAMA (1926)

It is common knowledge that infections, especially focal in nature, have much to do with the causation of rheumatoid disability. Close students of the subject know, however, and none better than orthopedists, that other factors operate to precipitate and especially to perpetuate the disease. The great importance of the doctrine of focal infection is not to be minimized but it is also of the highest importance to determine the limitations of this principle and, above all, to determine how it operates. There has been a temptation to regard the phenomena of arthritis as due solely to the local depredations, so to speak, of micro-organism, especially streptococci, in situ; but it can easily be shown that proof to this end is far from complete and that other kinds of influences must be considered in both the development and the subsidence of the disease. The study of arthritis cannot be adequately conducted
Heart Disease, History
Authors: Hector O. Ventura
Journal: JAMA (2003)

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Abstract 2013: Modulation of cellular uptake and increased therapeutic efficacy of the azacytidine-elaidic acid ester CP-4200 in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Bodo Brueckner, Maria Rius, Maria Rivera Markelova, Iduna Fichtner, Petter-Arnt Hals, Marit Liland Sandvold, Frank Lyko
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Azacytidine is an established nucleoside drug that is well known for its ability to modulate epigenetic gene regulation by inhibition of DNA methylation. Despite recent advances in the clinical development of azacytidine, the use of the drug is limited by its low bioavailability and dependency on variably expressed nucleoside transporters for cellular uptake. To investigate the function of CP-4200, an elaidic acid ester of azacytidine, we performed DNA methyltransferase depletion assays, DNA methylation analysis using capillary electrophoresis and Infinium methylation arrays, transport studies and mouse experiments. We show here that CP-4200 has strong epigenetic modulatory potency in human cancer cell lines, as evidenced by efficient depletion of DNA methyltransferase protein, genome-wide DNA demethylation and robust reactivation of epigenetically silenced tumor suppressor genes. Importantly, new results show that the uptake mechanisms of colon and leukemic cancer cell lines for CP-4200 and its parent drug azacytidine are fundamentally different, with CP-4200 being substantially less dependent on nucleoside transporters. Correspondingly, CP-4200 showed a significantly higher antitumoral activity than azacytidine in an orthotopic mouse tumor model for acute lymphocytic leukemia. These results establish a fundamentally novel approach for the delivery of azacytidine to human cancer cells which might have important therapeutic implications. Reference: Brueckner, B., et al. (2010). Mol. Cancer Ther. 9: 1256-1264. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2013. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2013