tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synergistic effect of ibandronate (Ib) and zoledronic acid (Zol) in different drug regimens in breast tumor growth inhibition (BTGI) in ATP-cell viability assay (ATP-CVA
Authors: C. M. Schlotter, K. Wassmann, U. Bosse, K. P. Bielawski, U. Vogt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

791 Background: Breast cancer has a significant capacity to metastisizemetastasize to bone. Bisphosphonates are the standard treatment for hypocalcaemia of malignancy (HCM), which is a common complication of bone metastasis. The combination of bisphosphonates with standard anticancer drugs like paclitaxel or tamoxifen results in a synergistic apoptotic effect greater than that produced by either single agent alone. Methods: Potential antitumour effects in vitro of two bisphosphonates: Ib and Zol (each at 30 μM) combined with different anticancer drug combinations: cyclophosphamide/metotrexate/5-fluorouracil (CMF), epirubicin/cyclophosphamide (EC), epirubicin/paclitaxel (ET), and epirubicin/ docetaxel (EDoc) have been investigated using ATP-CVA. 20 cases of female primary, invasive breast cancers have been assessed. Percentages of total growth inhibition (TGI) were calculated according to the formula: 1-(TDC-MI)/(MO-MI) x 100 = %TGI. AUC values were calculated using the trapezoidal rule. Chemosensitivity was defined as AUC of more than 18000. Statistical significance was assumed if p was < 0.05 Results: Ib and Zol alone have shown inhibitory effect on breast cancer tumour cells in vitro. BTGI effect for those two drugs amounted to 22 and 25%, respectively. Inhibitory effects were clearly visible for all four combinations of anticancer drugs together with both bisphosphonates. In all cases, the differences between measured TGI values for drugs' combinations alone in comparison to drugs with IB or Zol were statistically significant. Addition of Zol to CMF or ET revealed higher median of TGI than EC or ET plus Ib. In the lowest dose of anticancer drug concentration (6.25%), enhancing effects of Zol and Ib on TGI were clearly visible in all combinations. Addition of Zol enhanced the chemotoxic action of CMF and ET better then Ib (p= 0.03) Conclusions: Combinations of anticancer drugs with Zol seem to be more effective in respect to tumour growth inhibition than combinations with Ib, at least in case of CMF or ET in the lowest dose concentrations of those antitumour drugs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 9440: Prognostic Value of Stress Echocardiography in Patients With Low (&lt;10%)-Intermediate (10-20%) Framingham Risk Score (Short-Term) versus Low (&lt;39%) or High (≥39%) Lifetime Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Siu-Sun Yao, Azhar Supariwala, Amanda Yao, Sai Sreenija, Farooq A Chaudhry
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: The ideal risk assessment and management of patients with low-intermediate or high Framingham risk score (FRS, short-term) versus low or high lifetime cardiovascular (CV) risk is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of stress echocardiography (SE) in defined FRS and lifetime risk groups. Methods: We evaluated 4566 patients (60±13 years; 46% male) undergoing SE (41% treadmill, 59% dobutamine) with low-intermediate FRS (&lt;20%) divided into: low (&lt;39%, n=368) or high lifetime (≥39%, n=661) CV risk and third group with high FRS (≥20%, n=3537). Follow-up (3.2±1.5 years) for non-fatal myocardial infarction (n=102) and cardiac death (n=140) were obtained. Results: By univariate analysis, age (p&lt;0.001), ejection fraction (p&lt;0.001) and ≥3 ischemic wall motion abnormalities (WMA) (p&lt;0.001) were significant predictors of cardiac events. Cumulative survival in patients with low or intermediate short term risk groups were significantly worse in patients with ≥3 WMA vs. &lt;3 WMA in low-intermediate FRS and low (3.3%/year vs. 0.3%/year, p&lt;0.001) or high lifetime CV risk (2.0%/year vs. 0%/year, p&lt;0.001) and high FRS group (3.5%/year vs. 1.0%/year, p&lt;0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis identified ≥3 new ischemic wall motion abnormalities as the strongest predictor of cardiac events (HR 3.2, 95% CI 2.2-4.6, p &lt;0.001). Conclusion: Stress echocardiography results (absence or presence of ≥3 ischemic segments) can equally and effectively risk stratify low-intermediate or high FRS versus low or high lifetime cardiovascular risk patients. Event rate with normal SE is highest in patients with high FRS.
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin and SERPINA1 gene Mutation As New Biomarker in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Magda Oliveira Seixas Carvalho, Carvalho Luís André, Mauri­cio Batista Carvalho, Larissa Carneiro Rocha, Valma Maria Lopes Nascimento, Isa Menezes Lyra, Marco Aurelio Salvino, Figueiredo Vilas Boas Camylla, Rayra Pereira Santiago, Marilda Souza Goncalves
Journal: Blood (2014)
EU Forum: The CREATE Project: development of certified reference materials for allergenic products and validation of methods for their quantification
Authors: R. Van Ree, M. D. Chapman, F. Ferreira, S. Vieths, D. Bryan, O. Cromwell, M. Villalba, S. R. Durham, W. M. Becker, M. Aalbers, C. André, D. Barber, A. Cistero Bahima, A. Custovic, A. Didierlaurent, C. Dolman, J. W. Dorpema, G. Di Felice, F. Eberhardt, E. Fernandez Caldas, M. Fernandez Rivas, H. Fiebig, M. Focke, K. Fötisch, G. Gadermaier, R. G. Das, E. Gonzalez Mancebo, M. Himly, T. Kinaciyan, A. C. Knulst, A. M. Kroon, U. Lepp, F. M. Marco, A. Mari, P. Moingeon, R. Monsalve, A. Neubauer, S. Notten, P. Ooievaar‐de Heer, G. Pauli, C. Pini, A. Purohit, J. Quiralte, S. Rak, M. Raulf‐Heimsoth, M. M. San Miguel Moncin, B. Simpson, A. Tsay, L. Vailes, M. Wallner, B. Weber
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Allergen extracts have been used for diagnosis and treatment of allergy for around 100 years. During the second half of 20th century, the notion increasingly gained foothold that accurate standardization of such extracts is of great importance for improvement of their quality. As a consequence, manufacturers have implemented extensive protocols for standardization and quality control. These protocols have overall IgE‐binding potencies as their focus. Unfortunately, each company is using their own in‐house reference materials and their own unique units to express potencies. This does not facilitate comparison of different products. During the last decades, most major allergens of relevant allergen sources have been identified and it has been established that effective immunotherapy requires certain minimum quantities of these allergens to be present in the administered maintenance dose. Therefore, the idea developed to introduce major allergens measurements into standardization protocols. Such protocols based on mass units of major allergen, quantify the active ingredients of the treatment and will at the same time allow comparison of competitor products. In 2001, an EU funded project, the CREATE project, was started to support introduction of major allergen based standardization. The aim of the project was to evaluate the use of recombinant allergens as reference materials and of ELISA assays for major allergen measurements. This paper gives an overview of the achievements of the CREATE project.
Malfunctions of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators—Reply
Authors: William H. Maisel
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Physicians Advising Investment Firms—Reply
Authors: Eric J. Topol, David Blumenthal
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 149: Risk Prediction Early After Myocardial Infarction: Resting Respiratory Rate Is Independent of GRACE Score
Authors: Petra Barthel, Roland Wensel, Alexander Muller, Kurt Ulm, Marek Malik, Darrel P Francis, Georg Schmidt
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The GRACE Score (GS) was proposed as a risk stratification tool in acute coronary syndrome patients. The GS includes age, history of congestive heart failure and previous myocardial inf...
Physiologic Compensation Is Supranormal in Compensated Aortic Stenosis: Does it Return to Normal After Aortic Valve Replacement or Is it Blunted by Coexistent Coronary Artery Disease?
Authors: Robert W.W. Biederman, Mark Doyle, June Yamrozik, Ronald B. Williams, Vikas K. Rathi, Diane Vido, Ketheswaram Caruppannan, Nael Osman, Valerie Bress, Geetha Rayarao, Caroline M. Biederman, Sunil Mankad, James A. Magovern, Nathaniel Reichek
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— In compensated aortic stenosis (AS), cardiac performance measured at the ventricular chamber is typically supranormal, whereas measurements at the myocardium are often impaired. We investigated intramyocardial mechanics after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and the effects relative to the presence or absence of coronary artery disease (CAD+ or CAD−), respectively. Methods and Results— Twenty-nine patients (46 to 91years, 10 female) with late but not decompensated AS underwent cardiovascular MRI before AVR (PRE), with follow-up at 6±1 (EARLY) and 13±2 months (LATE) to determine radiofrequency tissue-tagged left ventricle (LV) transmural circumferential strain, torsion, structure, and function. At the myocardial level, concentric LV hypertrophy regressed 18% LATE (93±22 versus 77±17g/m 2 ; P &lt;0.0001), whereas at the LV chamber level, ejection fraction was supranormal PRE, 67±6% (ranging as high as 83%) decreasing to 59±6% LATE ( P &lt;0.05), representing not dysfunction but a return to more normal LV physiology. Between the CAD+ and CAD− groups, intramyocardial strain was similar PRE (19±10 versus 20±10) but different LATE, with dichotomization specifically related to the CAD state. In the CAD− patients, strain increased to 23±10% (+20%), whereas in CAD+ patients it fell to 16±11% (−26%), representing a nearly 50% decline after AVR ( P &lt;0.05). This was particularly evident at the apex, where CAD− strain LATE improved 17%, whereas for CAD+ it decreased 2.5-fold. Transmural strain and myocardial torsion followed a similar pattern, critically dependent on CAD. AVR impacted LV geometry and mitral apparatus, resulting in decreased mitral regurgitation, negating the double valve consideration. Conclusions— In AS patients after AVR, reverse remodeling of the supranormal systolic function parallels improvement in cardiovascular MRI-derived regression of LV hypertrophy and LV intramyocardial strain. However, discordant effects are evident after AVR, driven by CAD status, suggesting that the typical AVR benefits are experienced disproportionately by those without CAD and not by those obliged to undergo concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting/AVR.
Abstract 15690: Statins as Potential Farnesoid X Receptor Modulators in Atrial Cardiomyocytes: A Gender, Age and miR328 Controlled Response
Authors: Vassilios Salpeas, James Tsoporis, Shehla Izhar, Eleftheris Sakadakis, Angelos G Rigopoulos, Thomas G Parker, Ioannis K Rizos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) plays an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism and statins are known negative regulators of FXR expression. The role of FXR in atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been defined. MicroRNA-328 (miR-328) a small non-coding RNA contributes to adverse electrical remodeling in AF a common complication after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The present study aimed to examine the levels of FXR mRNA and miR328 in 30 consecutive patients undergoing CABG. The patients group was made up of 10 women and 20 men with a mean +/-SEM. age of 68.5+/-2.1 and 64.3+/-2.3 years respectively, 14 of them on statin therapy. We analyzed right atrial biopsies taken pre aortic occlusion and post reperfusion.  Post reperfusion, mean (S.E.) FXR mRNA levels increased 3.41+/-1.07 fold (p
Aspirin, “Super Aspirin” Use in Women for Cardioprevention Probed
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
AE1 mutations associated with distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) and Southeast Asian Ovalocytosis (SAO) in Malaysia and Papua New Guinea (PNG)
Authors: LJ Bruce, OM Wrong, Ash M Toye, MT Young, G Ogle, Z Ismail, AK Sinha, P McMaster, I Hwaihwanje, GB Nash, S Hart, E Lavu, R Palmer, A Othman, RJ Unwin, Mja Tanner
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)
Basophil Histamine Release and Humoral Changes during Immunotherapy
Authors: Hans‐Jørgen Malling, Per Stahl Skov, Henrik Permin, Svend Norn, Bent Weeke
Journal: Allergy (1982)

An in vitro pilot study was performed to determine whether basophil cell‐bound specific IgE was correlated to serum‐specific IgE and to basophil cell sensitivity during immunotherapy with a well‐documented treatment. The findings showed a clear dissociation between these three parameters, which is in contrast to the situation before hyposensitization and to our previous study in a comparable group of non‐hyposensitized patients, where highly significant correlations were observed. Further investigations are in progress to clarify whether the dissociation is involved in the clinical improvement.
A cautious note on household surveys in poor settings
Authors: W. Janssens, I. de Beer, H. M. Coutinho, G. van Rooy, J. van der Gaag, T. F. Rinke de Wit
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The World Health Organization’s HIV prevalence estimates have recently been adjusted downwards, mostly because of new data from population based surveys.1 But such surveys are limited by surveyor bias—they are typically performed on large numbers of respondents by small numbers of surveyors—and this could disproportionately influence (worldwide) HIV prevalence estimates.

In 2007 a population based household …
Endoscopy and Histopathology
Authors: Karel Geboes, Karen Geboes, Anne Jouret-Mouri
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Endoscopy and histopathology are two morphological diagnostic procedures which allow direct examination of organs with optical methods. They can detect abnormalities of the normal anatomy and histology and provide a precise diagnosis. Based on the information derived from these investigations an adequate treatment, either medical or surgical can be proposed. The optical resolution of both methods is different. Classical endoscopy is using essentially the naked eye observation of the tissue which allows a diagnosis of an ulcer or a raised lesion for instance, while histopathology is reaching the cellular and sub-cellular level. The new endoscopic techniques however do increase the optical resolution. The major contributions of histopathology to endoscopy are situated in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases. Histopathology allows a more precise diagnosis of the type of inflammation and a better classification of tumours. This has again an impact upon treatment. For the diagnosis, histopathology can be an essential element, as illustrated by gluten sensitive enteropathy (although serology is also an essential element) or by identification of specific pathogens such as Giardia lamblia, Mycobacterium avium, cryptosporidia.... Histopathology can further be important for the confirmation of a diagnosis but very often it will provide a more precise diagnosis by determining the aetiology of inflammation as illustrated by autoimmune gastritis, or by typing a tumour (adenocarcinoma or lymphoma). In addition, histopathology can provide essential elements for further therapy strategy by demonstrating the presence or absence of risk factors for residual tumour in polypectomy or endoscopic mucosal resection. Indirectly, it offers the possibility of using additional techniques such as biomarkers for dysplasia and cancer or the demonstration of mutations such as KRAS in colorectal cancer or HER2 amplification in oesophageal and gastric cancer.[1, 2].These applications can have important therapeutic consequences. It has been shown for instance that activating mutations of the KRAS gene are associated with poor response to anti-EGFR therapies and that patients
Abstract MP74: Use of Cd34+ Cells as a Cellular Biomarker in Prediabetes Subjects, Post Aerobic Exercise
Authors: Sabyasachi Sen, Ashequl Islam
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction:  Pre-diabetes has been associated with endothelial dysfunction that may affect both endothelium and stem cells. We hypothesized that aerobic exercise can improve function and gene expression of hemopoetic stem cells (CD34+ cells)in pre-diabetes. Though life-style modification has been shown to prevent progression from Pre-diabetes to overt diabetes, the effect of exercise on endothelium in pre-diabetes has not been tested. Also use of CD34+ cells as biomarker is novel.   Methods:  This is a crossover study of 16-week duration, using exercise-naive pre-diabetes patients, aged 40-70 yrs with a BMI of 25-39.9, n=11. We studied their flow mediated dilatation (FMD), CD34+ cell function, gene expression and serum endothelial inflammatory markers after 6 weeks each of aerobic exercise (150min/week) and non-exercise phase, with 4 week wash-out period between the 2 phases. We tested migration in response to chemotactic factors VEGF-A(50ng/ml) and SDF1alpha(0,10 and 100 ng/ml). We also assessed Hill colony formation. Adherence to exercise regimen was monitored by regular phone calls and downloadable accelerometers (actigraphs).   Results:  There was no statistically significant weight loss in post exercise phase. FMD studies (by 3 observers) showed mean FMD of 5.7±0.6% which improved to 11.2±0.9% post-exercise. Biochemistry showed significant reduction in leptin, Triglyceride, Apo-B, ApoA1 levels and inflammatory markers, IL-6, TNF alpha & hs-CRP. CD34+ cell gene expression analysis showed increase in eNOS (2.5 fold)and VEGF-A (2 fold)and reduction in Endothelin-1 (3-fold), IL-6 (2.4-fold reduction), TNF (3-fold ) following exercise. CD34+ migration improved post exercise, particularly in response to 10ng/ml SDF-1. Hill Colony Counts doubled post exercise.   Conclusion:  We demonstrate that pre-diabetic state is associated with poor vascular reactivity and impaired CD34+ cell number, function and gene expression. However, significant improvement in FMD may indicate that Pre-diabetes state may also be the clinical window of therapeutic opportunity when interventions such as aerobic exercise can prevent progression of endothelial dysfunction.  The study also demonstrates that CD34+ cell can serve as a useful cellular bio-marker in pre-diabetes and possibly early diabetes patients.
Consider HIV infection in thrombocytopenia
Authors: M Fisher, B Peters, M McBride, V Kitchen
Journal: BMJ (1994)

There is evidence that prophylactic penicillin is effective in children with sickle cell disease, and it seems sensible to give similar prophylaxis to hyposplenic patients with other diseases.Identifying such patients is now relatively easy with the method of counting pitted red cells under differen- tial interference contrast microscopy.The risks of fulminant sepsis in patients who may be hypo- splenic must be borne in mind, and such patients should be treated promptly with antibiotics when they become febrile.At present there is insufficient evidence to justify giving pneumococcal vaccine to all patients who may be hyposplenic.Nevertheless, it seems prudent to vaccinate certain high risk groups such as children with sickle cell disease and patients with severe extensive chronic inflammatory bowel disease.