tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Pregnancy, cardiomyopathies, and genetics
Authors: J. P. Van Tintelen, P. G. Pieper, K. Y. Van Spaendonck-Zwarts, M. P. Van Den Berg
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Although familial forms of cardiomyopathy such as hypertrophic or dilated cardiomyopathy have been recognized for decades, it is only recently that much of the genetic basis of these inherited cardiomyopathies has been elucidated. This has provided important insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the disease phenotype. This increased knowledge and the availability of genetic testing has resulted in increasing numbers of mutation carriers who are being monitored, including many who are now of child-bearing age. Pregnancy is generally well tolerated in asymptomatic patients or mutation carriers with inherited cardiomyopathies. However, since pregnancy leads to major physiological changes in the cardiovascular system, in women with genetic cardiomyopathies or who carry a mutation pre-disposing to a genetic cardiomyopathy, pregnancy entails a risk of developing heart failure and/or arrhythmias. This deterioration of cardiac function may occur despite optimal medical treatment. Advanced left ventricular dysfunction, poor functional class (NYHA class III or IV), or prior cardiac events appear to increase the risk of maternal cardiac complications. However, there are no large series of cardiomyopathy patients who are regularly evaluated for cardiac complications during pregnancy and for certain types of inherited cardiomyopathy, only case reports on individual pregnancies are available. Pre-conception cardiologic evaluation and genetic counselling are important for every woman with a cardiomyopathy or a cardiomyopathy-related mutation who is considering having a family. In this article, we give an overview of the basic clinical aspects, genetics, and pregnancy outcome in women with different types of inherited cardiomyopathies. We also discuss the genetic aspects of pregnancy-associated cardiomyopathy, including peripartum cardiomyopathy.
Achilles Tendon Reflex in Accidental Hypothermia and Hypothermic Myxoedema
Authors: D. Maclean, D. R. Taig, D. Emslie-Smith
Journal: BMJ (1973)

The photomotogram (P.M.G.) of the Achilles tendon reflex was studied in 26 patients with hypothermia (rectal temperature 33·3°C or less), 10 of whom also had myxoedema (serum protein bound iodine 2·8 μg/100 ml or less). No reflex could be elicited in eight (31%) of these patients, including three of those with myxoedema. Hypothermia increases both the contraction and the relaxation times of the reflex, the relaxation phase being particularly prolonged in those with myxoedema. In those patients from whom the reflex was elicited the ratio of the contraction time to the “half-relaxation time” in the P.M.G. was less than unity in six of the seven with myxoedema, and considerably greater than unity in eight of the 11 (73%) who were euthyroid. Thus, analysis of the Achilles tendon reflex P.M.G. correctly predicted the thyroid status in 14 of the 18 hypothermic patients in whom the Achilles tendon reflex was present (78%). The wider use of this rapid test of thyroid function would allow a more rational use of thyroid hormones in hypothermic patients and so lead to a better assessment of their value.
House‐dust mites and asthma. A review on house‐dust mites as a domestic risk factor for mite asthma
Authors: J. Korsgaard
Journal: Allergy (1998)

Increased exposure to house‐dust mites entails a greatly increased frequency of sensitization and increased frequency of mite asthma in the population. The available case‐control studies demonstrate large variations worldwide in sensitization and disease risk dependent on the actual level of population exposure. In areas with comparatively low population exposure to house‐dust mites, there is a strong association between exposure and effect, while other areas with a more or less uniformly high population exposure do not demonstrate significant differences between patients and controls because the unexposed groups are too small. As to the existence of a hygienic maximum threshold exposure level, current data all point to a single value of 100 mites/g of dust, corresponding to 2 μg allergen/g of dust. This applies to the risk of sensitization and risk of disease, and when programs of prevention imply exposure below this value, convincing clinical improvement is always observed. Today, the magnitude of the health problem related to population exposure to house‐dust mites in many areas is comparable to the effects of active tobacco smoking and traffic accidents.
Schistosomiasis and Presinusoidal Portal Hypertension
Authors: M. Willems, H. van Buuren, P. Zondervan, S. Gratema
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Figure 1 A 36-year-old Angolese man was examined because of portal hypertension of unknown origin. Physical examination revealed marked splenomegaly. Serological testing for schistosome infection was positive (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] 1 : 256). A laparoscopy was performed, and both right and left liver lobes showed a pattern of diffuse and irregular white bands, suggesting fibrosis.
Paganini. The riddle and connective tissue
Authors: R. D. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Paganini flashed across the musical heavens of Europe like a meteor, regarded as the "King of Violinists," "Demon of Fiddlers," "Virtuoso in Excelsis." Never has a musician created such a furor during his own time and long thereafter. His life and music were shrouded in secrecy, mystery, and legend. Largely self-taught as a violinist, he developed his own technique, enabling him to perform unprecedented feats with dazzling perfection. Not a single new device for the fiddle has been invented since; and the fact that the violin is one of the most difficult instruments to master makes his accomplishments even more amazing.<sup>1</sup> There is a near-law in music that lasting greatness is achieved only by composers. Paganini is the outstanding exception, being remembered as a virtuoso and a revolutionary technical innovator.<sup>2</sup>He was a talented composer also; but we are less familiar with his compositions because they are seldom
Letter from ... Chicago. Squeal rules in the nursery.
Authors: G Dunea
Journal: BMJ (1983)

In April 1982 a couple from the town of Bloomington, Indiana, learnt that their newborn baby boy had Down's syndrome and tracheo-esophageal fistula, as well as possibly other congenital abnormalities.After discussion with the local doctors they decided that no corrective surgery was to be carried out.
Urinary incontinence in men after formal one-to-one pelvic-floor muscle training following radical prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate (MAPS): two parallel randomised controlled trials
Authors: Cathryn Glazener, Charles Boachie, Brian Buckley, Claire Cochran, Grace Dorey, Adrian Grant, Suzanne Hagen, Mary Kilonzo, Alison McDonald, Gladys McPherson, Katherine Moore, John Norrie, Craig Ramsay, Luke Vale, James N'Dow
Journal: The Lancet (2011)
Long-lasting stem cell–like memory CD8<sup>+</sup>T cells with a naïve-like profile upon yellow fever vaccination
Authors: Silvia A. Fuertes Marraco, Charlotte Soneson, Laurène Cagnon, Philippe O. Gannon, Mathilde Allard, Samia Abed Maillard, Nicole Montandon, Nathalie Rufer, Sophie Waldvogel, Mauro Delorenzi, Daniel E. Speiser
Journal: Science Translational Medicine (2015)

The yellow fever vaccine induces a CD8 + T stem cell–like memory subset with a naïve-like profile that persists long term.
Role of liver atrophy, hepatic resection and hepatocyte hyperplasia in the development of portal hypertension in biliary disease.
Authors: N S Hadjis, L H Blumgart
Journal: Gut (1987)

Portal fibrosis is considered to be pivotal in the pathogenesis of portal hypertension associated with extrahepatic biliary obstruction. The histological features, however, include diffuse hepatocyte hyperplasia as well as portal fibrosis, but not cirrhosis, and it is possible that the contribution of hepatocyte hyperplasia in the initiation of portal hypertension is equally important. If so, we hypothesised that patients with biliary obstruction and a coincident condition such as liver atrophy, or hepatic resection, with the potential of accelerating the hepatocyte proliferation caused by biliary obstruction itself, might be expected to develop portal hypertension earlier than patients with biliary obstruction alone. To examine this concept we studied 10 patients with postcholecystectomy bile duct stricture, portal hypertension and liver atrophy, or hepatic resection (group I) and compared them with nine patients with postcholecystectomy stricture and portal hypertension, but no atrophy or resection (group II). Portal hypertension was diagnosed a mean 28 months (range 18-48 months) after cholecystectomy in group I compared with 62 months (range 36-100 months) for patients in group II (p less than 0.005 Mann-Whitney test). Thus hepatocyte hyperplasia may be an important part of the mechanism underlying the development of portal hypertension in chronic biliary disease.
Cardiac and Coronary Prostaglandin Synthesis and Function
Authors: Philip Needleman, Gabor Kaley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Prostaglandin and Thromboxane Metabolic Pathway — OverviewTHE prostaglandins (PG) are synthesized by virtually every tissue in the body.1 Their release can be stimulated by various means, including hormones (e.g., bradykinin and angiotensin II), nerve stimulation or exogenous neurotransmitters, mechanical damage and decreased oxygen tension.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Since there is no evidence for storage of prostaglandins, release reflects de novo biosynthesis.9 , 10 Little, if any, prostaglandin is detected in arterial blood, largely because of efficient pulmonary destruction3 , 9; thus, prostaglandins should be considered local hormones that are synthesized at or near their site of action.Prostaglandins are formed by the enzymatic oxygenation of . . .
On a Rare Form of Infantile Paralysis (?)
Authors: J. Meredith
Journal: BMJ (1875)

ence xvill dispute.\WVat, thenl, are the character-istics of such a climate ?Lind, ani old butL very goo(d autlhority, thus vividly describes them : " The first proof of anl untiealtlhy counitry is a sudden and great change in the air at suniset, from intoleral)le heat to chilling cold.'l'his is perceive(l as soon as the sun is set, and for the most part is accom- paniiecl wvith a very heavy dew.It shlow-s anl unhealthiy swvampy soil, the nature of wlhich is suclh, that no sooner the sunbeams are withdlrawn than the vapours emitted from it render the air roaw, danzJ, and chillitng in the most sultry climllates ; so that, even under the equator, in some unhealtlhy places, the night air is cold to an European constitution."Dr. Mlacleani will, nio cdoubt, admit that this is an accurate description of the climate of the Goldl Coast.Here, then, we have the predisposing cause of climatic fevers, viz., intense heat by clay, followed by the damp chill atmosphere at night, exposure to whllich is generally the exciting cause of these diseases.An officer, wrho held a very important position in the l.te expedition, says " WTlat kills people oni the Gold Coast is cold"; and adds: "WTe always find that some distinct act of
901-27 Regional Wall Motion Analysis by Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography in Heart Transplant Recipients with Normal Coronary Angiographic Findings: Comparison with Intravascular Ultrasound
Authors: Christoph H. Spes, Harald Mudra, Susanne D. Schnaack, Florian Reichle, Johannes Rieber, Volker Klauss, Thomas M. Krüger, Peter Überfuhr, Bruno Meiser, Christiane E. Angermann, Karl Theisen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The Psychological Outcome of Religious Coping with Stressful Life Events in a Swiss Sample of Church Attendees
Authors: Urs Winter, Dimitri Hauri, Stefan Huber, Josef Jenewein, Ulrich Schnyder, Bernd Kraemer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2009)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Recent research suggested thatreligious coping, based on dispositional religiousness and spirituality (R/S), is an important modulating factor in the process of dealing with adversity. In contrast to the United States, the effect of R/S on psychological adjustment to stress is a widely unexplored area in Europe. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; We examined a Swiss sample of 328 church attendees in the aftermath of stressful life events to explore associations of positive or negative religious coping with the psychological outcome. Applying a cross-sectional design, we used Huber’s Centrality Scale to specify religiousness and Pargament’s measure of religious coping (RCOPE) for the assessment of positive and negative religious coping. Depressive symptoms and anxiety as outcome variables were examined by the Brief Symptom Inventory. The Stress-Related Growth Scale and the Marburg questionnaire for the assessment of well-being were used to assess positive outcome aspects. We conducted Mann-Whitney tests for group comparisons and cumulative logit analysis for the assessmentof associations of religious coping with our outcome variables. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Both forms of religious coping were positively associated with stress-related growth (p &lt; 0.01). However, negative religious coping additionally reduced well-being (p = 0.05, β = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.27–0.99) and increased anxiety (p = 0.02, β = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.10–3.39) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.01, β = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.27–4.06). &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The effects of religious coping on the psychological adjustment to stressful life events seem relevant. These findings should be confirmed in prospective studies.
Epidemiology of Oral Contraceptives and Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Lisa Chasan-Taber
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Purpose: To review the association between combined oral contraceptives and cardiovascular disease, with emphasis on oral contraceptives containing low doses of estrogen (low-dose oral contraceptives). Data Sources: A systematic search of the MEDLINE database was done for all relevant articles published between 1967 (when low-dose oral contraceptives were introduced in the United States) and June 1997. Textbooks, meeting proceedings, and reference lists were also searched. Study Selection: All English-language human epidemiology studies of oral contraceptives that used cardiovascular disease as an end point were reviewed. Animal and metabolic studies were reviewed only if they were especially relevant to the mechanism of action of oral contraceptives. Data Extraction: Descriptive and analytic data from each study were collected. Data Synthesis: Data were organized by cardiovascular end point, study design, estrogen dose, and type of progestogen. Data on relative and absolute risk are presented to address current prescription guidelines. Conclusions: The risk for cardiovascular disease is lower with current preparations of oral contraceptives, including those that contain the new progestogens, than with older oral contraceptives containing high doses of estrogen. Among users of low-dose oral contraceptives, cardiovascular diseases occur mainly in smokers and women with predisposing factors. Every effort should be made to encourage smoking cessation among potential users of oral contraceptives.
A6.2 Inducible Tertiary Lymphoid Structures and Autoimmunity in a Novel model of Sialoadenitis in Wild-Type Mice
Authors: D Lucchesi, M Bombardieri, F Barone, S Nayar, G Proctor, CD Buckley, C Pitzalis
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Salivary glands of patients with Sjögren's syndrome (SS) develop ectopic lymphoid structures (ELS) characterised by B/T cell compartmentalisation, the formation of high endothelial venules (HEV), follicular dendritic cell networks (FDCs), functional B cell activation with expression of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) as well as local differentiation of autoreactive plasma cells. The mechanisms triggering ELS formation, autoimmunity and exocrine dysfunction in SS are largely unknown. Here we present a novel model of inducible ectopic lymphoid tissue formation, breach of humoral self-tolerance and salivary hypofunction following delivery of a replication-deficient adenovirus-5 (AdV5) in submandibular glands of C57BL/6 mice through retrograde excretory duct cannulation. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Luciferase- or LacZ-encoding Ad5 were delivered in C57BL/6 mice salivary glands (SG) through retrograde cannulation. SGs were collected at various time-points 1, 2 and 3 weeks post-cannulation (pc) and frozen sections were graded for infiltration and stained for T/B cell segregation, FDCs and HEV markers. Submandibular salivary flow was induced by pilocarpine stimulation and the amount of saliva measured. Expression of TLS-related genes was investigated by TaqMan-PCR. Anti-viral antibodies and autoantibodies were detected by IF and western blot. <h3>Results</h3> In this model, inflammation rapidly and consistently evolves from diffuse infiltration towards the development of SS-like periductal lymphoid aggregates within 2 weeks from AdV delivery. These infiltrates progressively acquire ELS features and support functional GL7+/AID+ germinal centres. Formation of ELS is preceded by ectopic expression of lymphoid chemokines CXCL13, CCL21 and CCL19 as well as lymphotoxin-β and is associated with development of anti-nuclear antibodies in 75% of the mice. Finally, reduction in salivary flow was observed over 3 weeks post AdV infection consistent with exocrine gland dysfunction as a consequence of the inflammatory response. <h3>Conclusions</h3> This novel model has the potential to unravel the cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating ELS formation and their role in exocrine dysfunction and autoimmunity in SS.
A noncoding antisense RNA in tie-1 locus regulates tie-1 function in vivo
Authors: Keguo Li, Yannick Blum, Anjali Verma, Zhong Liu, Kallal Pramanik, Noah R. Leigh, Chang Z. Chun, Ganesh V. Samant, Baofeng Zhao, Maija K. Garnaas, Mark A. Horswill, Stephen A. Stanhope, Paula E. North, Robert Q. Miao, George A. Wilkinson, Markus Affolter, Ramani Ramchandran
Journal: Blood (2009)
TCT-598 Randomized Comparison Between Self-Apposing Bare Metal AnD PaclitaxEl-Eluting Coronary Stents For The Treatment Of SaPhenous Vein GrafTs (SVG): Results From The ADEPT Trial
Authors: Alexander J. IJsselmuiden, Giovanni Amoroso, Paul Vermeersch, Pasi P. Karjalainen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Bronchial obstruction and reversibility in children: inspiratory or expiratory resistance?
Authors: Iulia Ioan, Laurianne Coutier, Claude Bonabel, Bruno Demoulin, François Marchal, Cyril Schweitzer, Silvia Varechova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

To the Editor: 

Assessing bronchial obstruction and reversibility is of help in diagnosing asthma. The forced oscillation technique (FOT) has gained popularity in children since minimal cooperation is required. Owing to the fact that measurements are performed during tidal breathing, the upper airway may significantly impact on the respiratory resistance ( R rs) [1], [2]. The glottic aperture narrows during tidal expiration [3], contributing to R rs being larger than in inspiration [2], [4], [5]. Acute bronchial obstruction promotes further laryngeal narrowing [6]–[8], which is expected to impact the R rs measured during expiration. It is not known to what extent the mechanism is present in children with stable asthma, or whether the ability of R rs to diagnose bronchial obstruction and reversibility is impeded in expiration. With a single excitation frequency, R rs may be described along the respiratory cycle and computed in expiration ( R rs,e) and inspiration ( R rs,i). The aim of this study was to compare R rs,i and R rs,e, their response to salbutamol and respective ability to separate asthmatics from controls. The hypothesis was that the diagnostic value of R rs,e and its response to bronchodilator inhalation is impeded compared with R rs,i.

Patients with asthma were diagnosed in the local paediatric pulmonology clinic (Hopital d’enfants, CHU de Nancy, Nancy, France). All had discontinued their bronchodilator therapy ≥12 h prior to the study. Age-matched healthy children served as controls. Written informed consent was obtained and the study was approved by the Ethics Committee (Comite de Protection des Personnes EST III, CHU de Nancy, …
Effect of epinephrine on the peripheral metabolism of thyroxine
Authors: Marguerite T. Hays, David H. Solomon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

10 normal young men received repository epinephrine repeatedly for 4 days during the course of a radiothyroxine (radio-T4) disappearance curve. During epinephrine administration, serum radio-T4 disappearance rate (k) slowed abruptly, fecal clearance decreased, urinary clearance was initially unchanged but later decreased slightly, volume of thyroxine distribution decreased, and external radioactivity over the liver remained unchanged. Beginning on day 2 of epinephrine and persisting at least 1 day after epinephrine was discontinued, serum thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) maximal binding capacity increased, thyroxine-binding prealbumin (TBPA) maximal binding capacity decreased, and free T4 iodine decreased. Stable serum T4 iodine decreased during the experiment. Three indexes, namely the free T4 iodine, the reciprocal of TBG capacity, and the urinary radio-T4 “clearance” changed in parallel, suggesting that the increase in TBG capacity was responsible for a delayed decrease in radio-T4 metabolism. However, these changes were temporally dissociated from the decrease in k, which began and ended abruptly with initiation or discontinuing of epinephrine administration. This dissociation is unexplained, but may be caused by alterations in T4 binding in tissue sites.
Rheumatoid arthritis of the temporomandibular joints.
Authors: J J Marbach, H Spiera
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1967)

Although temporomandibular-joint involvement by rheumatoid arthritis is well recognized, its incidence is unknown.Russel and Bayles (1941) estimated that the temporomandibular joints be- came involved in 50 per cent. of patients, Ragan (1949) 4 7 per cent., Markowitz and Gerry (1950) 8 *7 per cent., and Einaudi and Viara (1964) 29 3 per cent in 260 rheumatoid arthritics.These variations may be explained by the use of different diagnostic criteria and different populations.The present study describes two patients in whom temporo- mandibular-joint arthritis is a prominent feature, and our attempts to treat them in a rational manner based upon an understanding of the mechanics of the temporomandibular joints. Case ReportsCase 1, a 37-year-old woman, complained of progressive elongation of the lower one-third of her face, a change in the relationship of her upper and lower teeth, and difficulty in chewing of 2 years' duration.She had had rheumatoid arthritis for 27 years with typical rheumatoid deformity of the hands, wrists, knees, and shoulders.She had been treated with salicylates and gold salts, and had had multiple synovectomies.The latex fixation test was strongly positive and the erythrocyte sedimen- tation rate 60 mm./hr (Westergren).Histological examination of tissue removed at the time of ortho- paedic surgery showed changes typical of rheumatoid arthritis.Clinical Examination.-Mandibularmovements were co-ordinated but restricted, especially the straight protru- sive movement (forward thrust) of the mandibular condyles.The left manibular condyle could not be palpated.The right masseter and temporalis and the left masseter muscles were painful on palpation.The mentalis and depressor labii inferioris muscles appeared lengthened.
INCREASED INCIDENCE OF AORTIC INSUFFICIENCY IN HEARTMATE II COMPARED TO HEARTMATE I LEFT VENTRICULAR ASSIST DEVICE RECIPIENTS
Authors: Sang-Woo Pak, Nir Uriel, Hiroo Takayama, Sarah Cappleman, Paolo C. Colombo, Donna Mancini, Yoshifumi Naka, Ulrich P. Jorde
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)