tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 275: Automated External Defibrillator with Real-Time Audiovisual Feedback System Improves the Quality of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Kenji Hayashi, Hiroaki Ushikoshi, Naoki Matsumaru, Sho Nachi, Hikaru Nachi, Kentaro Morishita, Hiroko Sugihara, Ayumi Fukao, Izumi Toyoda, Shinji Ogura
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Public access defibrillation (PAD) with automated external defibrillator (AED) is a widely available and beneficial intervention for cardiac arrest. The quality of chest compressions (CC) is an important determinant of the outcome of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). In Japan, AED with real-time audiovisual feedback is being implemented, and has been available to bystanders since 2011. However, the benefit of CC feedback systems for laypersons remains unclear. In this study, we sought to determine the effects of audiovisual feedback system on the quality of CC in bystanders with different medical backgrounds. Methods: A total of 478 individuals (151 healthcare professionals [mean age, 31.3 years], 76 medical students [mean age, 23.6 years], and 251 non-healthcare professionals [mean age, 40.1 years]) participated in a CPR quality improvement challenge. Participants performed two 2-min trials of CC on a training manikin equipped with an accelerometer-based system for measuring both rate and depth of CC. Real-time audiovisual feedback was disabled during first trial, but activated during the second trial. The quality of CC was evaluated by counting the number of compressions with the appropriate depth (5.0-10 cm) and rate (100-120 cpm) in each trial. Results: Among all participants, mean depth of CC was higher (6.35 vs. 5.87 cm), and mean rate was lower (102.4 vs. 112.2 cpm) when the feedback system was activated than when it was disabled (p &lt; 0.05). When real-time feedback was activated, non-healthcare professional participants performed CC of greater depth (6.41 vs. 5.63 cm) than healthcare professionals (6.25 vs. 6.09 cm) and medical students (6.34 vs. 6.19 cm) (p &lt; 0.05). The quality index of CC, which the percentage of adequate depth and rate, was also significantly improved regardless medical backgrounds (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: The use of real-time CPR feedback systems improves the quality of CC performed by individuals of all backgrounds, especially non-healthcare personnel. PAD with AED providing CPR feedback technologies may elevate the survival rate of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and increase the likelihood of favorable outcomes.
Global Mental Health: Its Time Has Come
Authors: D Satcher
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 14978: Higher Serum Uric Acid is Associated with Arterial Stiffening and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Childhood Obesity
Authors: Kenji Harada, Yukiko Harada
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Hyperuricemia has been implicated in the mechanism of cardiovascular dysfunction in adulthood obesity. However, few studies have examined uric acid and cardiovascular function in overweight/obese children. The purpose of this study is to assess the relationship between uric acid and cardiovascular function in children.   Methods:  Echocardiography was performed in 235 children aged 6 to 15 years. Left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume and LV mass were measured and LV mass-to-volume ratio was calculated. Stroke volume (SV) was measured using aortic diameter and pulsed Doppler velocity profile. SV was indexed for body surface area (SVI). Total arterial compliance (Ca) was estimated by the ratio of pulse pressure/SVI. Quantitative B-mode ultrasound scans were used to measure intima-media thickness (IMT) and diameters of the common carotid artery, and carotid stiffness (s) was calculated. High sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), uric acid, lipids, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were also assessed.   Results:  There were significant relationships between BMI and uric acid, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), insulin, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP (r = 0.45, 0.39, -0.31, 0.51, 0.54, and 0.28, p    Conclusions:  Obesity-related hyperuricemia associated with vascular functional changes may contribute to the increased prevalence of later cardiovascular diseases.
Standard Breast Examination
Authors: B F Byrd
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1974)

StandardBreastExaminationOne out of every 15 women in the United States will develop breast cancer.It is the number one cancer killer of women.Yet, if detected early and treated promptly, breast cancer is highly curable.Although modern technological advances such as mammography and thermog raphy contribute to earlier detection of breast cancer, they supplement but never re place the standard, systematic and thorough clinical breast examination.A hasty and superficial examination, however, will miss small cancers and even large ones, as well.The technique of breast examination may vary in sequence according to the pref erence of the examiner, but three anatomic sites must be investigated: (1) the supra clavicular areas; (2) the breasts, including the nipples and areolae; (3)the axillae.Since more than 90 percent of breast cancers are discovered by women them selves, it is essential that the physician personally teach breast self-examination, preferably at the time of his clinical examination.Individualized instruction instills the confidence required for continued monthy self-examination.
Proapoptotic effects of PAI-1 protein on lung and prostate cancer cells
Authors: Adriana Rozy, Marta Kedzior, Joanna Chorostowska-Wynimko, Adam Szpechcinski, Ewa Skrzypczak-Jankun, Jerzy Jankun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is the most potent physiological inhibitor of urokinase - a key regulator of tumor growth and metastasis. The proteolytic activity of urokinase determines its effect on cell migration and invasion, as well as proliferation and apoptosis. PAI-1 directly inhibits the enzymatic activity of urokinase and stimulates internalization of urokinase complexed with a specific receptor. Previously we shown that very long half-life PAI-1 (VLHL PAI-1) with prolonged anti-proteinase activity demonstrated considerable inhibitory activity on the proliferation of lung and prostate cancer cells.  The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of increasing concentrations of PAI-1 mutant forms: VLHL PAI-1, Vn neg PAI-1 devoid of affinity towards vitronectin and wild form (wt PAI -1) on apoptotic activity of lung cancer (A549 and H1299) and prostate cancer (LNCaP and DU145) cell lines, characterized by normal or high urokinase production, respectively A549 and LNCaP  vs  H1299 and DU145. DNA fragments associated with histones were spectometrically quantitated in cell cytoplasm after 24 hrs incubation with increasing doses of PAI-1 proteins.  VLHL PAI-1 protein (10 µg/ml and 100 µg/ml) strongly up-regulated apoptotic activity in all examined human lung and prostate cancer cell lines (p  Conclusion: in vitro proapoptotic effect of PAI-1 on cancer cells is due to anti-proteolitic and anti-adhesion properties.
B-chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in association with necrobiosis lipoidica-like lesions
Authors: F. Benedix, G. Metzler, M. Röcken, M. Berneburg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Sir, We report a 49‐year‐old white male, non‐diabetic patient who presented with erythematous, circumscribed, scaling, tender plaques and nodules on the dorsum of both lower legs of 8 months' duration (Fig. 1a). A punch biopsy showed dissection of the dermis by several layers of extensive necrosis, which was outlined by histiocytes and multinucleated cells suggesting the diagnosis of necrobiosis lipoidica (NL). However, nodular infiltrates of small inconspicuous lymphocytes were seen at the lower pole of these necrobiotic granulomas (Fig. 2a). Immunostaining revealed the presence of B‐lymphocytes with a phenotype typical for B‐chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (B‐CLL) (CD20+, CD5+, CD43+ and CD3–) (Fig. 2b). The B‐cell infiltrate revealed a monoclonal rearrangement for heavy‐chain‐immunoglobulin region CD 2 and 3. Blood samples showed leucocytes 29 240 mm−3; phenotyping of peripheral blood cells by FACS‐analysis revealed 64% B‐cells with typical markers for B‐CLL such as HLA‐DR+, CD5+, CD19+, CD20+, slight CD22+, CD23+, CD11c+, FMC7+, CD43+, slight sIgG+ as well as a κ‐light‐chain‐restriction that indicates monoclonality.
Glycoprotein VI Is a Major Collagen Receptor for Platelet Activation: It Recognizes the Platelet-Activating Quaternary Structure of Collagen, Whereas CD36, Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, and von Willebrand Factor Do Not
Authors: Beate Kehrel, Sonja Wierwille, Kenneth J. Clemetson, Olaf Anders, Michael Steiner, C. Graham Knight, Richard W. Farndale, Minoru Okuma, Michael J. Barnes
Journal: Blood (1998)
ORAL DISODIUM CROMOGLYCATE IN FOOD ALLERGY
Authors: M. MARTIN ESTEBAN, J. A. OJEDA CASAS, M. T. LASO BORREGO, C. PASCUAL MARCOS
Journal: Allergy (1977)

The effect of DSCG olution per os was studied in four infants with immediate hypersensitivity reaction to cow's milk and egg, manifested by digestive and cutaneous symptoms. Previous administration of a 1 per cent DSCG solution by mouth resulted in diminution of both the digestive and cutaneous symptoms associated with allergen challenge. The best time interval between oral DSCG and the allergen challenge was about 30 min. The drug lost effectiveness when the solution was prepared more than a week in advance of its administration. A 2-year follow-up in two of the patients revealed the reappearance of cutaneous and digestive symptoms and, for the first time, the onset of wheezing while continuing to administer the allergens and despite continuous oral DSCG. The characteristics of these cases raise questions about the means of sensitization, and the possible mechanism of action of oral DSCG in the inhibition of non-digestive symptoms. Clinical indications for its use are discussed.
Fatigue is related to decreased health status in COPD
Authors: Caroline Stridsman, Linnea Hedman, Lisa Skär, Anne Lindberg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is related both to fatigue and to decreased health status. However, the relationships are hardly described in population-based studies.  Aim: To evaluate fatigue in relation to physical and mental health status, comparing people with and without COPD.  Methods: Data was collected in 2007 from the OLIN COPD study. People with (n=434) and without (n=655) COPD answered the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)-Fatigue questionnaire (lower scores represent increased fatigue, 0-52), and the Short Form 36 (SF-36) physical (PCS) and mental (MCS) dimensions of health status (lower score represent decreased health, 0-100). Clinically significant fatigue was defined as a FACIT-F score at   Results: Compared to the non-COPD group, people with COPD and clinically significant fatigue had lower median health scores (PCS 50.1 vs. 39.1, p  However, irrespectively of having COPD or not, people with clinically significant fatigue had the lowest PCS and MCS scores. Among these people, those with COPD had significantly lower PCS scores compared to those without COPD (39.9 vs. 42.0, p=0.027), while no differences were found in MCS scores.  Conclusion: Fatigue is associated with decreased health status, especially physical health in COPD. Therefore, our study highlights the importance of identifying fatigue already in early grades of COPD.
211. Creation of a HSV VP22-Sleeping Beauty Fusion Protein To Facilitate Integration of HSV-1 Amplicon Vectors
Authors: Hilary A. Stanley, William J. Bowers, Michael A. Mastrangelo, Howard J. Federoff
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

One major challenge facing gene delivery using the Herpes simplex virus (HSV) amplicon system is its inability to impart long-term gene expression within post-mitotic cells of the CNS. Integration of the transgene into an active chromosomal region of the host cell genome may facilitate longer term gene expression profiles. Such an advance would bring together the benefits of HSV amplicon gene delivery including neurotropism and large transgene capacity with those of integrating virus vector systems such as adeno-associated virus and lentiviruses, which have been shown to express transgene products for protracted periods, on the order of months/years. We have previously employed an HSV amplicon vector-adapted form of the Tc1-like Sleeping Beauty (SB) transposase system to extend transgene expression in mitotically active and post-mitotic cells. Co-transduction of an RSV promoter driven β-galactosidase-neomycin (βgeo) fusion transgene flanked by the SB inverted/direct repeats (HSVT-βgeo) with an amplicon expressing Sleeping Beauty (HSVsb) in BHK cells, murine primary neurons, and adult mouse striata in vivo resulted in integration and extended transgene expression. A disadvantage with this approach lies in the amplicon-based delivery of the SB gene, which could result in catalysis of numerous integration events and potential deleterious cellular effects. To minimize this outcome, a bacterially expressed version of the Sleeping Beauty transposase was developed that can be mixed with amplicon virions encoding a transposable substrate to provide a transient burst of integration activity. We have fused VP22, a transcytotic HSV-1 structural protein that is efficiently imported into mammalian cells and localized to the nucleus, to the Sleeping Beauty transposase. HSVT-βgeo was used to infect BHK cells in combination with varying amounts of purified VP22-Sleeping Beauty transposase fusion protein. Using drug-resistant colony formation as a functional assay, our results demonstrate that the VP22-Sleeping Beauty protein is able to enter cells and catalyze integration of an HSV amplicon-harbored transposable element. Further studies are in progress, including in vivo assessment of this integrating vector system. This advancement is an exciting development in HSV amplicon-mediated gene delivery and promises to expand the utility of this vector platform.
Salmonella Infection Drives Promiscuous B Cell Activation Followed by Extrafollicular Affinity Maturation
Authors: Roberto Di Niro, Seung-Joo Lee, Jason A. Vander Heiden, Rebecca A. Elsner, Nikita Trivedi, Jason M. Bannock, Namita T. Gupta, Steven H. Kleinstein, Francois Vigneault, Tamara J. Gilbert, Eric Meffre, Stephen J. McSorley, Mark J. Shlomchik
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Interaction of vitamin D receptor and androgen receptor in human prostate cancer cell line
Authors: Y.-K. Lau, D. L. Trump, C. Johnson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9550 Background:Calcitriol has significant antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo in human prostate cancer as well as many other tumor types. Calcitriol and analogs modulate cell cycle proteins, including p27 and p21 and apoptosis, as assessed by cleavage of caspase 3, PARP and MEK. Calcitirol has antitumor effects which appear to be different in androgen dependent and androgen independent tumor cells However, the mechanisms by which calcitriol and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) interact with the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway is not known. The purpose of the study is to investigate the l interaction of VDR and AR in prostate cancer. We sought to evaluate VDR-AR “cross-talk”. Method: LNCaP cells, a human prostate cancer cell line were grown in phenol red free media, supplemented by 5% charcoal stripped serum. Western blot analyses were performed to analyze the protein level. Results: We demonstrated that when the cells were treated with calcitriol (10 nM), the AR protein level increased as soon as 4 hours after treatment by Western blot analysis. The AR protein level was further enhanced if both calcitriol (10 nM) and dihydroxytestosterone (10 nM) were added compared to either agent alone. To examine AR protein stability, we added cycloheximde (25 μg/ml), which inhibits the cellular protein synthesis, during the 4-hour treatment of calcitriol or DHT and calcitriol. We demonstrated by Western blot analysis that calcitriol increases the stability of the AR protein and calcitriol plus DHT can further increase the stability at four hours while DHT did not significantly change AR protein level. Although the AR protein level was increased with calcitriol treatment, the DHT-induced hyperphosphorylation of pRB was blocked by calcitriol as shown by the Western blot analysis. This suggests that cell proliferation is inhibited by calcitriol + DHT rather than being stimulated. Conclusions:Based on our results, we postulate that VDR and AR interact either directly or indirectly at the receptor level in human prostate cancer cell and suggests there may be a role for treatment approaches targeting both receptor axes. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novocea Pharmaceuticals
Vitamin B<sub>6</sub>and Risk of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Susanna C. Larsson, Nicola Orsini, Alicja Wolk
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Mounting evidence indicates that vitamin B(6), a coenzyme involved in nearly 100 enzymatic reactions, may reduce the risk of colorectal cancer.To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of prospective studies assessing the association of vitamin B(6) intake or blood levels of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP; the active form of vitamin B(6)) with risk of colorectal cancer.Relevant studies were identified by a search of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases to February 2010, with no restrictions. We also reviewed reference lists from retrieved articles.We included prospective studies that reported relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between vitamin B(6) intake or blood PLP levels and the risk of colorectal, colon, or rectal cancer.Two authors independently extracted data and assessed study quality. Study-specific RRs were pooled using a random-effects model.Nine studies on vitamin B(6) intake and 4 studies on blood PLP levels were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled RRs of colorectal cancer for the highest vs lowest category of vitamin B(6) intake and blood PLP levels were 0.90 (95% CI, 0.75-1.07) and 0.52 (95% CI, 0.38-0.71), respectively. There was heterogeneity among studies of vitamin B(6) intake (P = .01) but not among studies of blood PLP levels (P = .95). Omitting 1 study that contributed substantially to the heterogeneity among studies of vitamin B(6) intake yielded a pooled RR of 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69-0.92). The risk of colorectal cancer decreased by 49% for every 100-pmol/mL increase (approximately 2 SDs) in blood PLP levels (RR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.38-0.69).Vitamin B(6) intake and blood PLP levels were inversely associated with the risk of colorectal cancer in this meta-analysis.
The Vertigo of Eros (Le vertige d'Eros)
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Risk of Contact Vaccinia From Immunization Sites
Authors: Harrison G Weed
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
C‐reactive protein predicts mortality in patients referred for coronary angiography and symptoms of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Authors: L. Koller, M. Kleber, G. Goliasch, P. Sulzgruber, H. Scharnagl, G. Silbernagel, T. Grammer, G. Delgado, A. Tomaschitz, S. Pilz, W. März, A. Niessner
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)