tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Costs and cost effectiveness of cardiovascular screening and intervention: the British family heart study
Authors: D. Wonderling, C. McDermott, M. Buxton, A.-L. Kinmonth, S. Pyke, S. Thompson, D. Wood
Journal: BMJ (1996)

To measure costs and cost effectiveness of the British family heart study cardiovascular screening and intervention programme.Cost effectiveness analysis of randomised controlled trial. Clinical and resource use data taken from trial and unit cost data from external estimates.13 general practices across Britain.4185 men aged 40-59 and their 2827 partners.Nurse led programme using a family centered approach, with follow up according to degree of risk.Cost of the programme it self; overall short term cost to NHS; cost per 1% reduction in coronary risk at one year.Estimated cost of putting the programme into practice for one year was 63 pounds per person (95% confidence interval 60 pounds to 65 pounds). The overall short term cost to the health service was 77 pounds per man (29 pounds to 124 pounds) but only 13 pounds per woman (-48 pounds to 74 pounds), owing to differences in utilisation of other health service resources. The cost per 1% reduction in risk was 5.08 pounds per man (5.92 pounds including broader health service costs) and 5.78 pounds per woman (1.28 pounds taking into account wider health service savings).The direct cost of the programme to a four partner practice of 7500 patients would be approximately 58,000 pounds. Annually, 8300 pounds would currently be paid to a practice of this size working to the maximum target on the health promotion bands, plus any additional reimbursement of practice staff salaries for which the practice qualified. The broader short term costs to the NHS may augment these costs for men but offset them considerably for women.
A Lethal Defect of Mitochondrial and Peroxisomal Fission
Authors: Hans R. Waterham, Janet Koster, Carlo W.T. van Roermund, Petra A.W. Mooyer, Ronald J.A. Wanders, James V. Leonard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

We report on a newborn girl with microcephaly, abnormal brain development, optic atrophy and hypoplasia, persistent lactic acidemia, and a mildly elevated plasma concentration of very-long-chain fatty acids. We found a defect of the fission of both mitochondria and peroxisomes, as well as a heterozygous, dominant-negative mutation in the dynamin-like protein 1 gene (DLP1). The DLP1 protein has previously been implicated, in vitro, in the fission of both these organelles. Overexpression of the mutant DLP1 in control cells reproduced the fission defect. Our findings are representative of a class of disease characterized by defects in both mitochondria and peroxisomes.
ACTION OF THE GOLDEN BELT DISTRICT MEDICAL SOCIETY OF KANSAS.
Authors: E. D. Moffett
Journal: JAMA (1891)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
TCTAP A-018 Women Presenting with Acute Myocardial Infarction Have Worse 1-year Prognosis than Men Regardless to the Reperfusion Strategy Implemented
Authors: Walid Jomaa, Ikram Chamtouri, Sonia Hamdi, Mohamed Ali Azaeiz, Khaldoun Ben Hamda, Faouzi Maatouk
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A complete set of human telomeric probes and their clinical application
Authors: Yi Ning, Anna Roschke, Ann C.M. Smith, Michelle Macha, Kathrin Precht, Harold Riethman, David H. Ledbetter, Jonathan Flint, Sharon Horsley, Regina Regan, Lyndal Kearney, Samantha Knight, Kirsti Kvaloy, William R.A. Brown
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
Tumors and Pseudotumors of the Serous Membranes
Authors: Cyril Abrahams
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>Tumors of the Urinary Bladder,</h3> by Leopold G. Koss (<i>Atlas of Tumor Pathology</i>, supplement, second series, fascicle 11), 50 pp, with illus, $3.25, Washington, DC, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 1985. The publication of<i>Tumors and Pseudotumors of the Serous Membranes</i>(fascicle 20 of the<i>Atlas of Tumor Pathology</i>, second series) by the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology is a necessary and long-awaited addition to their excellent series on tumor pathology. The authors, Drs McCaughey, Kannerstein, and Churg, have extensive experience in the field and have produced a comprehensive text that is well illustrated and will serve as a major reference for all physicians. The first sections deal with the development, anatomy, and function of the serous membranes and also the reactive process in these membranes. The serosal cells, subserosal connective tissue, and the all-important lymphatic system are discussed, and detailed information is provided on lymph drainage in pleural and
Noncontraceptive Estrogens and Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hershel Jick
Journal: JAMA (1978)

We obtained information on 107 women younger than 46 years discharged from a hospital with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction. In the series there were 17 women aged 39 to 45 years who were otherwise apparently healthy and had had a natural menopause, hysterectomy, or tubal ligation or whose spouse had had a vasectomy. Among them, nine (53%) were taking noncontraceptive estrogens just prior to admission. Among 34 control women, four (12%) were taking estrogens. The relative risk estimate, comparing estrogen users with nonusers, is 7.5, with 90% confidence limits of 2.4 and 24. All but one of the 17 MI subjects were cigarette smokers. While this illness is rare in most healthy young women, the risk in women older than about 38 years who both smoke and take estrogens appears to be substantial. (<i>JAMA</i>239:1407-1408, 1978)
Impact of prior imatinib mesylate on the outcome of hematopoietic cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Stephanie J. Lee, Manisha Kukreja, Tao Wang, Sergio A. Giralt, Jeffrey Szer, Mukta Arora, Ann E. Woolfrey, Francisco Cervantes, Richard E. Champlin, Robert Peter Gale, Joerg Halter, Armand Keating, David I. Marks, Philip L. McCarthy, Eduardo Olavarria, Edward A. Stadtmauer, Manuel Abecasis, Vikas Gupta, H. Jean Khoury, Biju George, Gregory A. Hale, Jane L. Liesveld, David A. Rizzieri, Joseph H. Antin, Brian J. Bolwell, Matthew H. Carabasi, Edward Copelan, Osman Ilhan, Mark R. Litzow, Harold C. Schouten, Axel R. Zander, Mary M. Horowitz, Richard T. Maziarz
Journal: Blood (2008)
Plasma cholesterol, coronary heart disease, and cancer in the Renfrew and Paisley survey.
Authors: C. G. Isles, D. J. Hole, C. R. Gillis, V. M. Hawthorne, A. F. Lever
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The relation between plasma cholesterol concentration and mortality from coronary heart disease, incidence of and mortality from cancer, and all cause mortality was studied in a general population aged 45-64 living in the west of Scotland. Seven thousand men (yielding 653 deaths from coronary heart disease, 630 new cases of cancer, and 463 deaths from cancer) and 8262 women (322 deaths from coronary heart disease, 554 new cases of cancer, and 395 deaths from cancer) were examined initially in 1972-6 and followed up for an average of 12 years. All cause mortality was not related to plasma cholesterol concentration. This was largely a consequence of a positive relation between cholesterol values and mortality from coronary heart disease being balanced by inverse relations between cholesterol and cancer and between cholesterol and other causes of death. These changes were highly significant for coronary heart disease and cancer in men and significant for coronary heart disease and other causes of death in women. The inverse association between cholesterol concentration and cancer in men was strongest for lung cancer, was not merely a function of the age at which a subject died, was present for the incidence of cancer as well as mortality from cancer, and persisted when new cases or deaths occurring within the first four years of follow up were excluded from the analysis.
SOME LIGHT MICROSCOPICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE STRATUM CORNEUM OF THE GUINEA-PIG, MAN AND COMMON SEAL
Authors: R. I. C. SPEARMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

Journal Article SOME LIGHT MICROSCOPICAL OBSERVATIONS ON THE STRATUM CORNEUM OF THE GUINEA‐PIG, MAN AND COMMON SEAL Get access R. I. C. SPEARMAN R. I. C. SPEARMAN Department of Dermatology, University College Hospital Medical School, London, W.C.1 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 83, Issue 5, 1 November 1970, Pages 582–590, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1970.tb15745.x Published: 01 November 1970 Article history Accepted: 24 May 1970 Published: 01 November 1970
Labour Complicated by Retroversion of the Uterus
Authors: Geo. Greaves
Journal: BMJ (1859)

I was niot disappointed in this, and becoming subsequently acquainted with the success of Dr. Bozeman's operation, founded, but greatly improved, upon that of Marion Sims of New York, and having already witnessed one case of complete cure of a large urinary fistula (A.T., case viii, operated on June 10th, Mr. Browin's Pamphlet), on which+ I had been con- sulted before operation, I was induced to place this case under Mr. Balker Brown."The patient was operated on November 1st, 1858, at the London Ilome, in the presence of Dr. Davis and several other practitioners.The edges of the opening, now reduced at least three-fourths of its originial dimensions, extending transversely, sittuate at the junction of tlhe urethra and neck of the bladder, were first pared, thle patient being under annsathesia.The edges were then brought together by silver wires, silk threads, previously passed through, being used as their conductors, and then renmoved.The two halves of each wire were then passed through a hole in an oblong plate of lead, suitable to the open- ing to be covered.This plate was then with a special instru- ment pressed firmly upon the opening, the wires made tense.A shot, pertorated by one aperture, was then passed over the two hlalves of each wire, pressed firmly up to the plate, and nip-
Delta-Crystallin Enhancer Binding Factor 1 Controls the Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition Phenotype and Resistance to the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Inhibitor Erlotinib in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Lines
Authors: Yasmine Haddad, Woonyoung Choi, David J. McConkey
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: Although the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in a majority of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC), only a minority of patients derive substantial clinical benefit from EGFR inhibitors. We initiated the present study to identify the mechanisms underlying erlotinib resistance in a panel of HNSCC cell lines. Methods: We used [3H]thymidine incorporation to characterize the heterogeneity of responsiveness to erlotinib-mediated growth inhibition in a panel of 27 human HNSCC cells. We characterized the molecular mechanisms involved in resistance using a representative subset of six erlotinib-sensitive and erlotinib-resistant HNSCC lines. Results: Erlotinib had heterogeneous effects on DNA synthesis in HNSCC cells that correlated closely with molecular markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Specifically, the drug-sensitive lines expressed high levels of E-cadherin and showed limited invasion and migration capabilities. In contrast, the erlotinib-resistant HNSCC lines expressed high levels of the E-cadherin repressor delta-crystallin enhancer binding factor 1 (deltaEF1; Zeb-1) and other mesenchymal markers and low levels of E-cadherin, and they were highly invasive and migratory. Small interfering RNA–mediated knockdown of deltaEF1 in the erlotinib-resistant cell lines (1386LN and UMSCC1) resulted in up-regulation of E-cadherin and increased sensitivity to erlotinib in an E-cadherin–dependent manner. Conclusions: DeltaEF1 controls the mesenchymal phenotype and drives erlotinib resistance in HNSCC cells. E-cadherin and deltaEF1 may prove to be useful markers in predicting EGFR inhibitor responsiveness.
Elective Surgical Rates — Do High Rates Mean Lower Standards?
Authors: Noralou P. Roos, Leslie L. Roos, Paul D. Henteleff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Abstract We used claims data from the Canadian province of Manitoba to test alternative explanations for regional differences in tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy rates. Respiratory morbidity, standards of selection for operation, and surgical resources were compared with elective surgical rates across geographic areas. Statistically significant correlations were not found. Individual practice patterns were then examined. In some regions, a few physicians accounted for the great majority of tonsil/adenoid operations. In other regions, the work was much more widely distributed. Despite great variation among individual physicians in the frequency of performing tonsil/adenoid operations and the standards of selection for operation, use of these procedures and standards applied were only weakly related to such variables as physician age, place of training and specialty. (N Engl J Med 297:360–365, 1977)
Chronic potentiation of cardiac L-type Ca2+ channels by pirfenidone
Authors: Roberto Ramos-Mondragón, Carlos A. Galindo, Maricela García-Castañeda, José L. Sánchez-Vargas, Ana V. Vega, Norma L. Gómez-Viquez, Guillermo Avila
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

On the basis of its ability to inhibit fibrosis, pirfenidone has drawn the attention as an intriguing candidate for treating cardiac disease. However, its precise electrophysiological effects have yet to be elucidated. Here, we have investigated its potential to modulate ion channels. Adult rat cardiac myocytes were investigated using whole-cell patch-clamp, western-blot and qRT-PCR techniques. Pirfenidone increased the density of L-type Ca2+ current (ICaL, 50–100%), without significantly altering Na+, K+, or T-type Ca2+ currents. The effect was dose-dependent, with an EC50 of 2.8 µM. Its onset was slow, with a lag period larger than 1 h and time to maximum of 24–48 h. Concomitant changes were observed in the voltage-dependent activation of ICaL (−5 mV shift in both V1/2 and k). In contrast, the following properties of ICaL remained normal: steady-state inactivation, CaV1.2 levels (mRNA and protein), and intramembrane charge movement. Indeed, the conductance-to-charge ratio, or Gmax/Qmax, was increased by 80%. The effect on ICaL was mimicked by an inhibitor of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS), and attenuated by both cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) inhibitors. Conversely, cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and Ca2+ were all ruled out as possible intermediaries. Additional experiments suggest that pirfenidone increases action potential duration by ∼50%. Pirfenidone augments ICaL, not through higher expression of L-type channels, but through promoting their Ca2+-conducting activity. A possible inhibition of NOS expression is likely involved, with subsequent reduced NO production and stimulated cAMP/PKA signalling. These findings may be relevant to the cardioprotective effect of pirfenidone.
Immature Teratomas: Identification of Patients at Risk for Malignant Recurrence
Authors: M. H. Malogolowkin, J. A. Ortega, M. Krailo, O. Gonzalez, G. H. Mahour, B. H. Landing, S. E. Siegel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

We investigated the significance of immature elements in an otherwise benign teratoma in 28 patients with immature teratomas diagnosed and treated at the Childrens Hospital of Los Angeles from 1941 to 1986. Different characteristics, including age, sex, primary tumor site, type of surgery (complete resection vs. partial resection or biopsy), and preoperative levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) were analyzed to evaluate their association with risk of subsequent local malignant recurrence. After a median follow-up of 6 years, 21 patients are alive with no recurrence of the tumor (72% event-free survival). One patient died from infection after surgery and six patients had local malignant tumor recurrence within 1 year from diagnosis. Of the 28 patients, 12 had AFP levels measured at diagnosis. Eight patients had normal levels with no further evidence of tumor recurrence, and four had elevated levels with three tumor recurrences. Our experience demonstrates that only at the time of diagnosis do AFP levels correlate with a subsequent malignant behavior of these tumors (P = .004). Those patients with immature teratomas and elevated AFP levels at diagnosis should receive adjuvant chemotherapy after the initial surgical resection.
Recent Results of Cancer Treatment in Japan
Authors: Jacob D. Bitran
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In this monograph the Japanese Cancer Association reviews the results of cancer treatment in Japan. Its 21 chapters deal with carcinomas of the head and neck, lung, thyroid, esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum, male and female genital tracts, and breast; leukemia and lymphoma; and childhood tumors. The last chapter presents cancer statistics. Clearly, the monograph addresses a limited audience, namely, active investigators in cancer treatment.  I found many of the chapters to be mediocre in content and style; these include the chapters on head and neck, thyroid, colon, rectum, prostate, and uterine cervix. The chapter on leukemia and lymphoma is outdated and does not reflect the current state of the art. Archaic terms such as reticulum cell sarcoma and lymphosarcoma are still used. No attempt has been made to describe the influence of histology and tumor architecture on survival and outcome.  The chapters on breast and esophageal carcinoma are of
Detection of Primary Lung Tumors in Rodents by Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Joel R. Garbow, Zhongqiu Zhang, Ming You
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract This report describes recent efforts to develop and apply small animal magnetic resonance imaging methods to the study of lung tumors in mice. Magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained with respiratory gating, with data collection synchronized with the respiration of the animal, allow visualization of submillimeter tumors in animals treated with a lung carcinogen. Comparison of the MR images with gross pathology of these lungs demonstrates the utility of the imaging methods for measuring tumor burden. As a noninvasive imaging modality that uses nonionizing radiation, MR is well suited to longitudinal studies aimed at understanding the factors that control the onset and development of lung tumors and their response to therapy in a wide variety of animal models.
GLYCA AND GLYCB, NOVEL NMR BIOMARKERS OF INFLAMMATION, STRONGLY PREDICT FUTURE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, BUT NOT THE PRESENCE OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE (CAD), AMONG PATIENTS UNDERGOING CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY: THE INTERMOUNTAIN HEART COLLABORATIVE STUDY
Authors: J. Brent Muhlestein, Heidi May, Deborah Winegar, Jeffrey Rollo, Margery Connelly, James Otvos, Jeffrey Anderson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The Direct Costs of Universal Precautions in a Teaching Hospital
Authors: Bradley N. Doebbeling, Richard P. Wenzel
Journal: JAMA (1990)

An analysis of the increase in expenditures for barrier isolation materials before and after the institution of universal precautions at our 900-bed university hospital was used to generate a national estimate of the cost of implementation of the new Centers for Disease Control guidelines. Following the institution of universal precautions, use of rubber gloves at our hospital increased from 1.64 million pairs of 2.81 million pairs annually. A 5-year review of hospital purchasing and supply records in both inpatient and outpatient areas indicated that the total annual costs for isolation materials increased by $350,900. This represented an increase from $13.70 to $22.89 per admission (60%) after adjustment for inflation. The cost of isolation materials increased from $98 to $215 per 1000 outpatient visits, an adjusted increase of 92%. Two thirds of the increase (64%) was due to rubber gloves and an additional 25% was due to disposable isolation gowns. Universal precautions are estimated to have cost at least $336 million in the United States in fiscal year 1989 after adjustment for inflation. If expenditures for isolation materials at our medical center are representative, previous estimates may have significantly underestimated costs nationwide.
Fund the service from a hypothecated tax
Authors: H. Marsh
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The NHS is one of the largest healthcare organisations on the planet, carrying out a bewildering and complex variety of functions. It is therefore folly to think that any one person, or a small group of people, can change it quickly without unleashing an avalanche of unintended consequences that could easily destroy the intended benefits. And yet that is what happened with Ken Clarke and Margaret Thatcher’s introduction of the internal market and with the present and previous government’s reorganisations. It is ironic that innovation in medicine is supposed to progress slowly and cautiously in an evidence …
Spironolactone Therapy and Gynecomastia
Authors: Eugene Clark
Journal: JAMA (1965)

SINCE THE clinical introduction of spironolactone in 1957, there have been several reports of gynecomastia in men receiving this diuretic. These have appeared either as individual case reports or as an incidental single observation in a group of patients undergoing metabolic studies during treatment with spironolactone. Since only six cases of pathological conditions of the breast developing during treatment with spironolactone have been reported to date,<sup>1-6</sup>the impression might be gained that this is an uncommon complication. No data have hitherto appeared which would permit a more accurate judgment of the frequency of this side effect. The following group of cases is being reported because the author's own experience suggests that pathological breast alterations in men receiving spironolactone may be quite common. <h3>Material</h3> The Table comprises a consecutive group of spironolactone-treated patients from the author's own practice. There were seven men and five women. It is evident that pathological
The rat trkC locus encodes multiple neurogenic receptors that exhibit differential response to neurotrophin-3 in PC12 cells
Authors: Pantelis Tsoulfas, Dan Soppet, Enrique Escandon, Lino Tessarollo, José-Luis Mendoza-Ramirez, Arnon Rosenthal, Karoly Nikolics, Luis F. Parada
Journal: Neuron (1993)