tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trends in Lipid Management Among Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mark W. Massing, Kathleen A. Foley, Carla A. Sueta, Mridul Chowdhury, David P. Biggs, Charles M. Alexander, Ross J. Simpson
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

OBJECTIVE—To examine lipid management trends for coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with and without diabetes in order to determine whether those with diabetes are beginning to receive aggressive lipid management consistent with their elevated risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We used outpatient medical record data from 47,813 CAD patients seen at 295 medical practices participating in the Quality Assurance Program II between 1996 and 1998. Lipid testing rates, lipid treatment rates, and serum lipid concentrations are described for CAD patients with and without diabetes within strata of office visit date. RESULTS—Lipid testing and treatment rates increased and mean lipid levels decreased markedly over time. Those with diabetes were 26% less likely to have a lipid profile and 17% less likely to receive a lipid-lowering medication than their nondiabetic counterparts, and this disparity did not diminish over time. Among treated patients, mean non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) declined less rapidly over time for patients with than without diabetes. CONCLUSIONS—Although impressive progress was made in the outpatient lipid management of CAD patients, lipid management for CAD patients with diabetes improved no more rapidly, and in some cases less rapidly, than for nondiabetic patients. Given their higher risk, more effort is needed to ensure that CAD patients with diabetes receive aggressive lipid management.
Prognostic factors in low tumour mass asymptomatic multiple myeloma: A report on 91 patients
Authors: T Facon, J F Menard, J L Michaux, L Euller-Ziegler, J F Bernard, B Grosbois, A Daragon, I Azais, Y Courouble, G Kaplan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1995)

Abstract Between January 1985 and July 1989 we diagnosed asymptomatic stage I multiple myeloma according to Durie and Salmon [Durie and Salmon: Cancer 36:842, 1975] in 91 patients. All patients were followed without chemotherapy. Disease progression occurred in 41 patients and the median time to progression for all patients was 48 months. In the Cox multivariate regression analysis, hemoglobin levels &lt; 12 g/dl (P &lt; .01), bone marrow plasmacytosis &gt;25% ( P &lt; .01), and M‐component size ≥30 g/l for lg G or 3 = 25 g/l for lg A ( P &lt; .01) were the only significant prognostic factors for progression. The 38 patients without any harmful factor remained free of progression for a median of more than 50 months. The 18 patients with two or three of these characteristics (high‐risk group) had the shortest median time to progression of 6 months. Despite different times to progression, the response rate and survival after chemotherapy were similar for all groups of patients. Patients in the high‐risk group for progression have to be frequently monitored for disease progression and might benefit from early treatment.
Personal narratives as the highest level of cognitive integration
Authors: Jacob B. Hirsh, Raymond A. Mar, Jordan B. Peterson
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2013)

We suggest that the hierarchical predictive processing account detailed by Clark can be usefully integrated with narrative psychology by situating personal narratives at the top of an individual's knowledge hierarchy. Narrative representations function as high-level generative models that direct our attention and structure our expectations about unfolding events. Implications for integrating scientific and humanistic views of human experience are discussed.
Jet Injection in Dermatology
Authors: E. M. Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1966)

falcipariem parasites were found in the blood after 19 months' stay away from a malarious zone.It is interesting to note that the patient in Walters's report was also five months pregnant.McGregor and Smith2 found that primigravidae seemed to lose immunity against P. falciparum, and Bruce- Chwatt3 observed an increased parasite density during parturition.These two cases tend to support the suggestion that pregnancy might predispose to clinical recrudescence of P. falciparuni malaria.In view of the com- plications associated with this infection great vigilance in detecting and treating it during the antenatal period is necessary.
Toxicity of Lithium Carbonate in Elderly Patients
Authors: CHRISTIAAN D. VAN DER VELDE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The author describes the clinical courses of three geriatric patients who had acute toxic reactions to lithium carbonate. He points out that the peculiar variations in serum lithium levels in two of these patients may have been early indications of their extreme sensitivity to lithium.
TREATMENT OF PEPTIC ULCER
Authors: Arno B. Luckhardt
Journal: JAMA (1942)

To the Editor:—  The article by Drs. Dick and Eisele on peptic ulcer (The Journal, January 3, p. 38) was read by me with great interest, chiefly because the mode of treatment promulgated by the authors was at variance with the more generally accepted therapy for this condition. Without analyzing the contents of the article or entering into the controversy which it will no doubt provoke, locally or generally, I wonder why the authors with their emphasis on the use of cream in the treatment of peptic ulcer did not indicate in at least one sentence the physiologic rationale of the use of that substance, in that its ingestion leads to the liberation of enterogastrone, a chalone, which inhibits not only gastric motility but also the formation (secretion) of gastric juice with its hydrochloric acid content, as shown by Drs. Ivy and Lim several years ago.
Elevation of RNA-binding protein CUGBP1 is an early event in an inducible heart-specific mouse model of myotonic dystrophy
Authors: Guey-Shin Wang, Debra L. Kearney, Mariella De Biasi, George Taffet, Thomas A. Cooper
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by a CTG trinucleotide expansion in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR) of DM protein kinase (DMPK). The key feature of DM1 pathogenesis is nuclear accumulation of RNA, which causes aberrant alternative splicing of specific pre-mRNAs by altering the functions of CUG-binding proteins (CUGBPs). Cardiac involvement occurs in more than 80% of individuals with DM1 and is responsible for up to 30% of disease-related deaths. We have generated an inducible and heart-specific DM1 mouse model expressing expanded CUG RNA in the context of DMPK 3' UTR that recapitulated pathological and molecular features of DM1 including dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and mis-regulated alternative splicing. Combined in situ hybridization and immunofluorescent staining for CUGBP1 and CUGBP2, the 2 CUGBP1 and ETR-3 like factor (CELF) proteins expressed in heart, demonstrated elevated protein levels specifically in nuclei containing foci of CUG repeat RNA. A time-course study demonstrated that colocalization of MBNL1 with RNA foci and increased CUGBP1 occurred within hours of induced expression of CUG repeat RNA and coincided with reversion to embryonic splicing patterns. These results indicate that CUGBP1 upregulation is an early and primary response to expression of CUG repeat RNA.
Diet and Serum Potassium in Patients on ACE Inhibitors
Authors: Chester B. Good
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, widely prescribed for the treatment of hypertension, have become a mainstay in the treatment of congestive heart failure. These agents may increase serum potassium, with an incidence of 1% to 2.2% in patients treated for hypertension, and 3.5% to 4.8% in patients treated for congestive heart failure.<sup>1</sup>Advanced renal disease, diabetic nephropathy, potassium supplementation, and potassium-sparing diuretics all increase the risk of hyperkalemia in patients taking ACE inhibitors.<sup>2,3</sup>Many patients with cardiac conditions or elevated blood pressure are counseled to use salt substitutes and to increase their oral potassium intake by ingestion of potassium supplements or foods rich in potassium. Patients may not realize that potassium supplementation can be problematic when taking ACE inhibitors, and physicians may not be aware that their patients are receiving additional potassium, either through diet or supplementation. We surveyed patients taking ACE inhibitors found to have
Deposit and mobility of cadmium in a marsh-cove ecosystem and the relation to cadmium concentration in biota.
Authors: T J Kneip, R E Hazen
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1979)

The study reported here presents the results of an investigation of a marsh-cove ecosystem heavily contaminated by cadmium. The most contaminated aquatic sediments were dredged in 1972-73, but the resuspension of the sediments and recycle of water from the dredge spoil resulted in reestablishment of a large contaminated sediment bed with concentrations very similar to those observed before dredging. The stability of the sediment concentrations and shallow depth of the cadmium in the sediments indicate that the deposit is relatively stable in agreement with the expectations based on the water chemistry of the system. Uptake does occur in both marsh and aquatic plants and all species of animals tested. Significantly elevated concentrations are observed compared to noncontaminated areas; however, edible portions of most fish do not appear to present a hazard. Crabs appear to present the most likely source of a hazard to humans. This potential hazard is still under investigation. The dredging removed about 5.5 MT of cadmium, about one-fourth of that originally estimated to be present, but twice that amount is found to be in the cove sediments 3 to 4 years after dredging. No appreciable improvement in the ecosystem has been made, and more careful consideration should be given to the need for decontamination and the method of removal of contaminated aquatic sediments in any future case.
P178 Information and Education Needs of Patients with Bronchiectasis: A Qualitative Investigation
Authors: KL M Hester, A De Soyza, T Rapley
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition, characterised by dilated bronchi, causing breathlessness and chronic productive cough, with intermittent infective exacerbations. Patients often have recurrent, costly hospital admissions, a poorer quality of life, and clinically significant fatigue.<sup>1</sup> Current estimates suggest there are 26,000 adults with the condition in the UK. There is little patient information currently available. Patients reported in a questionnaire that information improved confidence.<sup>2</sup> Information and education could improve understanding and empower patients to self-manage. Timely recognition and appropriate management of exacerbations could improve disease stability. Qualitative investigation of patients’ needs will focus plans for resource development, ensure a user-driven format and content, and improve patient engagement and benefit. <h3>Aims</h3> To identify, explore and understand the information needs within this patient group, describing the issues in detail. <h3>Methods</h3> An exploratory qualitative study was conducted. Eight patients (6 female, 2 male, median age 66 years, range 33–67) were recruited from an adult bronchiectasis clinic in the North of England. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted, audio-recorded and transcribed. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify common themes. <h3>Results</h3> Four main interlinking themes emerged: Information: patients felt available information was lacking and accessible resources were needed. A crucial factor for acceptance was trust, with participants expressing a need for information to originate from a reputable source. The majority preferred a web-based resource. Medical care and support: Patients felt that a specialist clinic provided support, help and information, yet there was a need for accessible information outside this setting. Diagnosis experience: this had a big impact on patients; often little information and support was given. They felt more information at an early stage would help patients to cope with and manage bronchiectasis. Living with bronchiectasis and its impact: information and knowledge seemed to be fundamental to patients learning to live with and manage their condition. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These findings suggest patients want more information. With trustworthy resources patients could be better equipped to understand and manage bronchiectasis. Further work is planned to inform development and implementation of a user-driven information resource for patients with bronchiectasis. <h3>References</h3> Hester KLM, Macfarlane JG, Tedd H, Jary H, McAlinden P, Rostron L, Small T, Newton JL, De Soyza A. Fatigue in bronchiectasis. QJM 2012 Mar; 105(3):235–40. Hester KLM, McAlinden P, De Soyza A, Education and information in bronchiectasis: what do patients want? European Respiratory Journal. 2011; 38 supplement 55: P3622.
Novel Chemosensitive Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers to Targeted Regimens in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Jin C. Kim, Seon Y. Kim, Dong H. Cho, Ye J. Ha, Eun Y. Choi, Chan W. Kim, Seon A. Roh, Tae W. Kim, Hyoungseok Ju, Yong S. Kim
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Methods for predicting individual responsiveness to targeted chemotherapy are urgently needed, considering the frequent resistance and extremely high cost.A chemosensitive single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) discovery schema is presented that utilizes (i) genome-wide SNP screening with a human SNP array and an in vitro chemosensitivity assay in 118 colorectal cancers, (ii) clinical association analysis in the other 98 patients who had received chemotherapy for metastatic cancer, and (iii) biological utility assessment using cell viability assays of transfected colorectal cancer (CRC) cells.Nine SNPs related to bevacizumab and cetuximab regimen sensitivity were chosen during screening. Overall responses for bevacizumab regimens revealed that patients carrying the TT genotype at ANXA11 rs1049550 or at least one G allele at LINS1 rs11247226 seemed greater chemosensitive than those carrying at least one C allele or the AA genotype, respectively (P < 0.05). For cetuximab regimens, patients carrying the GG genotype at DFNB31 rs2274159 or LIFR rs3729740 seemed greater chemosensitive than those carrying at least one A allele (P = 0.025 and P = 0.07). Cytotoxicity analyses showed that all RKO and HCT116 CRC clones transfected with the G allele at LIFR rs3729740 and the C allele at ISX rs361863 were more sensitive to cetuximab regimens than those with the A and T allele, respectively (P ≤ 0.001-0.024).Chemosensitive SNP markers were identified using a novel three-step process. The candidate marker LIFR rs3729740 and possibly ISX rs361863 will hopefully predict responsive patients to cetuximab regimens, although further validation is needed in large cohorts.
Association between Source-Specific Particulate Matter Air Pollution and hs-CRP: Local Traffic and Industrial Emissions
Authors: Frauke Hennig, Kateryna Fuks, Susanne Moebus, Gudrun Weinmayr, Michael Memmesheimer, Hermann Jakobs, Martina Bröcker-Preuss, Dagmar Führer-Sakel, Stefan Möhlenkamp, Raimund Erbel, Karl-Heinz Jöckel, Barbara Hoffmann
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Long-term exposures to particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5 and PM10) and high traffic load have been associated with markers of systemic inflammation. Epidemiological investigations have focused primarily on total PM, which represents a mixture of pollutants originating from different sources.We investigated associations between source-specific PM and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease.We used data from the first (2000-2003) and second examination (2006-2008) of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study, a prospective population-based German cohort of initially 4,814 participants (45-75 years of age). We estimated residential long-term exposure to local traffic- and industry-specific fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at participants' residences using a chemistry transport model. We used a linear mixed model with a random participant intercept to estimate associations of source-specific PM and natural log-transformed hs-CRP, controlling for age, sex, education, body mass index, low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking variables, physical activity, season, humidity, and city (8,204 total observations).A 1-μg/m3 increase in total PM2.5 was associated with a 4.53% increase in hs-CRP concentration (95% CI: 2.76, 6.33%). hs-CRP was 17.89% (95% CI: 7.66, 29.09%) and 7.96% (95% CI: 3.45, 12.67%) higher in association with 1-μg/m3 increases in traffic- and industry-specific PM2.5, respectively. RESULTS for PM10 were similar.Long-term exposure to local traffic-specific PM (PM2.5, PM10) was more strongly associated with systemic inflammation than total PM. Associations of local industry-specific PM were slightly stronger but not significantly different from associations with total PM.
Treating Hypertension — What Are We to Believe?
Authors: Edward D. Frohlich
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Not infrequently, on release of the results of major multicenter trials, the lay press promulgates an immediate response before physicians have had time to assess the peer-reviewed paper. By the next morning, physicians are greeted by a multitude of messages containing frantic questions from patients about how the reported results relate to their particular problems. When the report deals with a common disease (such as hypertension), the magnitude of the public's anxieties is intensified. Moreover, when results appear to conflict with those of a previous study, not infrequently described as "landmark," there is potential for mass confusion and loss of . . .
Cellular protection during myocardial ischemia: the development and characterization of a procedure for the induction of reversible ischemic arrest.
Authors: D J Hearse, D A Stewart, M V Braimbridge
Journal: Circulation (1976)

An isolated perfused working rat heart model was used to investigate the extent to which various protective agents, used either singly or in combination, were able to increase the resistance of the heart to periods of transient ischemia. The aim of the studies was to develop a solution which, if infused into the coronary vessels just prior to the onset of ischemia, would rapidly induce arrest and would also counteract several of the deleterious cellular changes known to occur during myocardial ischemia. Agents with induce cardiac arrest, modify cellular ion loss, affect substrate utilization, energy production and energy stores, affect coronary vessel diameter and cell swelling, prevent dysrhythmias, and affect metabolic rate were investigated. The additive effects of these agents were evaluated. An aqueous solution was formulated which contained high concentrations of potassium and magnesium, in combination with adenosine triphosphate, creatine phosphate and procaine. This solution increased the recovery of the ischemic (37 degrees C for 30 min) rat heart from 0% to 93%. The safe period of ischemia could be further increased by the use of hypothermia.
Ultrasonographic Fetal Surveillance in the Management of the Isoimmunized Pregnancy
Authors: Fredric D. Frigoletto, Michael F. Greene, Beryl R. Benacerraf, Vanessa A. Barss, Daniel H. Saltzman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

During the past 20 years the management of pregnancies involving rhesus sensitization has been based on determinations of the optical density of amniotic fluid as an index of the bilirubin concentration and the degree of hemolysis. High values have dictated intervention in the form of delivery or intrauterine transfusion, depending on the gestational age. Since 1982 intensive surveillance with ultrasound imaging and electronic monitoring of the fetal heart rate have become useful in decisions about the timing of intervention. Using these tools, we followed 11 fetuses who would previously have been treated by multiple intrauterine transfusions or early delivery, for 8 to 63 days without treatment. All were born alive, in good condition and without hydrops, at gestational ages of 30.5 to 36.0 weeks. The lengths of stay for the neonates ranged from 8 to 48 days, and all were discharged alive. We conclude that rhesus sensitization in a select group of fetuses, who according to former standards would have been candidates for earlier delivery or intrauterine transfusion, can be managed expectantly for longer periods by careful observation with modern techniques of surveillance.
Cases of Influenza with Severe Abdominal Pain and Collapse
Authors: R. M. Simon
Journal: BMJ (1891)

1020, and the following morning a scarlet erythematous rash appeared on the chest, spreading over the neck and abdomen.There was a slight amount of angina, and the patient being a child of 4 I was in some doubt as to the diagnosis, but the next day settled this, for the rash had all vanished, the tem- perature had fallen, and several other cases of influenza rapidly occurred in the house.These erythematous eruptions are generally very shortlived.Dr. Hawkins reports seven cases in which the elbows and knees were almost solely affected.Urticaria, papular eruptions, and purpuric spots are reported as occurring, but I have not met with any of them.It is important to remember that antipyrin, the salicylates, anid quinine occasionally give rise to rashles, and to exclude this source of fallacy.I have myself lhad several boils as a se(luel, but except in one Lincolnshire village I cannot find that they have occurred in the practice of others.Muscular cramp, especially in the calves, is common for a few weeks during convalescence, and in some cases the anterior abdominal muscles just along the costal arch are the parts affected.Now anid theni distinct swelling with effusion into the joints occurs resemblinig a subacute rheumatism, which is obstinate to treat.Glandular swellinas are met witli occasionally affect- ing tlhe lymphatic glands, the parotid, or the testis, which sometimes go oIn to suppuration, and in some cases the salivary secretion lhas been suppressed even for a lengthened period.
CLINICAL SYMPTOMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE SO-CALLED NON-PATHOGENIC AMEBA
Authors: MAURICE M. ROTHMAN
Journal: JAMA (1941)

It is our purpose in this paper to present our clinical observations over a period of five years on 406 patients harboring one or more of the five forms of human intestinal ameba. These patients represent a cross section of the types of cases and complaints usually encountered in a gastrointestinal clinic. They were all given antiamebic treatment and the results are here recorded. This study is also intended to emphasize: the lack of uniformity in the observations made by various workers 1 in this field; the greater incidence of all types of intestinal ameba in man than is generally recognized; the responsibility of protozoa other than Endamoeba histolytica for the symptoms produced; the advisability of classifying all forms of ameba as potential pathogens, since they probably are capable of producing, to a moderate degree, many of the same symptoms produced by E. histolytica. that