tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A very unusual appearance of a rare endoscopic finding: esophageal hematoma
Authors: A W Lin, M Eng, D Robbins
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

A 45-year-old woman presented with severe odynophagia, epigastric pain, and hematemesis 5 hours after ingesting dried hard squid and having had difficulty swallowing the food bolus. Upon presentation, she was hemodynamically stable with hemoglobin 11.7 g/dL, platelet count 178 × 109/L, and an INR of 1.1. Endoscopy showed a large, longitudinal, submucosal esophageal hematoma extending from 15 cm past the incisors to the distal esophagus ([Fig. 1] and [2]). The hematoma resembled a single varix surrounded by whitish mucosa with visible blood flow within the column. The patient was treated conservatively and discharged after 2 days. Repeat endoscopy 1 month later showed complete resolution of the hematoma ([Fig. 3]).
Theophylline in the management of asthma: time for reappraisal?
Authors: PJ Barnes, RA Pauwels
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Theophylline has been used for several decades in the treatment of asthma and remains the most widely prescribed anti-asthma drug worldwide, although the development of newer anti-asthma medications, especially inhaled steroids, has resulted in declining use of theophylline in industrialized countries. Theophylline is now considered to be a bronchodilator, but it is increasingly recognized that theophylline has other anti-asthma activities, which may be more important. Theophylline, even at low plasma concentrations, inhibits the late asthmatic reaction following allergen challenge. These clinical pharmacological observations are substantiated by experimental animal and in vitro data showing that theophylline has several anti-inflammatory activities relevant to asthma. These include the inhibition of cytokine synthesis and release, the inhibition of inflammatory cell activation and microvascular leakage, and the prevention of airway hyperresponsiveness induced by airway inflammation. Theophylline appears to have immunomodulatory effects, even at relatively low plasma concentrations. Based on these considerations, theophylline can be regarded as a useful alternative to other anti-inflammatory drugs for the chronic treatment of mild to moderate asthma. Theophylline should be used at lower doses to achieve plasma concentrations of 5-10 mg.l-1, which will avoid the risk of side-effects. Further studies are required to evaluate the role of low-dose theophylline as an adjunct to low-dose inhaled steroids in the management of chronic asthma. It may now be appropriate to re-evaluate the role of theophylline in asthma management.
Reply to Hurlstone et al.
Authors: E. Bories, C. Pesenti, F. Caillol, M. Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

We would like to thank Dr. Hurlstone and his colleagues for his discerning comments about the place of high-magnification chromoscopic colonoscopy (HMCC) and endoscopic ultrasonography in establishing the indication for endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early colonic neoplasia. As mentioned by Hurlstone et al., many publications, including Western papers, have assessed the feasibility, reproducibility, and safety of EMR in the treatment of colonic polyps. EMR is currently regarded as a curative method of treatment for well-differentiated colonic cancer limited to the mucosa or invading less than one-third of the submucosa (sm1). In assessing the results with this method, our study was specifically designed to analyze both local recurrences and the risk of distant metastases after EMR procedures carried out exclusively in patients with early colorectal cancer.
Perinatal hypophosphatasia: tissue levels of vitamin B6 are unremarkable despite markedly increased circulating concentrations of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate. Evidence for an ectoenzyme role for tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase.
Authors: M P Whyte, J D Mahuren, K N Fedde, F S Cole, E R McCabe, S P Coburn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

"Perinatal" hypophosphatasia is the most severe form of this inborn error of metabolism, which is characterized by deficient activity of the tissue-nonspecific (liver/bone/kidney) isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (TNSALP). We report that autopsy tissue from three affected subjects, which was profoundly low in ALP activity, had essentially unremarkable levels of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), pyridoxal, and total vitamin B6 content despite markedly elevated plasma PLP levels (5,800, 14,500, and 98,500 nM; adult norm, 5-109 nM). Our findings help to explain the general absence of symptoms of vitamin B6 excess or deficiency in hypophosphatasia, and provide evidence that TNSALP acts as an ectoenzyme to regulate extracellular rather than intracellular concentrations of PLP (the cofactor form of vitamin B6) and perhaps other phosphate compounds.
Conductive and Acinar Lung-zone Contributions to Ventilation Inhomogeneity in COPD
Authors: SYLVIA VERBANCK, DANIEL SCHUERMANS, ALAIN VAN MUYLEM, CHRISTIAN MELOT, MARC NOPPEN, WALTER VINCKEN, MANUEL PAIVA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We investigated ventilation inhomogeneity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through use of the multiple breath N2 washout test (MBW). From an alveolar slope analysis throughout the MBW, we derived two indices, Scond and Sacin , as a measure of ventilation inhomogeneity in conductive and acinar zones of the lungs, respectively ( J. Appl. Physiol. 1997;83:1807–1816). We evaluated the relationship of Scond and Sacin to standard lung-function indices by means of a principal-components factor analysis, which linked correlated indices to independent factors accounting for 81% of the total variance within the COPD group. Sacin was linked to the so-called acinar lung-zone factor, which also comprises diffusion capacity measurements. Scond was linked to the so-called conductive lung-zone factor, which also comprises specific airway conductance (SGaw) and forced expiratory flows. FEV1 divided by FVC (FEV1/FVC) was the only variable linked to both the conductive and the acinar lung-zone factors. The fact that Scond and Sacin were linked to independent factors provides statistical confirmation of the hypothesis that Scond and Sacin reflect independent lung alterations, whereas FEV1/FVC behavior indicates a combined conductive and acinar contribution to airways obstruction.
Overexpression of IL-1 receptor accessory protein in stem and progenitor cells and outcome correlation in AML and MDS
Authors: Laura Barreyro, Britta Will, Boris Bartholdy, Li Zhou, Tihomira I. Todorova, Robert F. Stanley, Susana Ben-Neriah, Cristina Montagna, Samir Parekh, Andrea Pellagatti, Jacqueline Boultwood, Elisabeth Paietta, Rhett P. Ketterling, Larry Cripe, Hugo F. Fernandez, Peter L. Greenberg, Martin S. Tallman, Christian Steidl, Constantine S. Mitsiades, Amit Verma, Ulrich Steidl
Journal: Blood (2012)
SYMPTOMATOLOGY, PATHOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF CHOREIFORM MOVEMENTS.
Authors: WILLIAM G. SPILLER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

In discussing the subject of chorea and choreiform movements, I can not hope to present to you any very startling new facts, but possibly I may be able to bring forward some observations which may not be generally known. Lees,<sup>1</sup>in a discussion on chorea before the British Medical Association in 1903, remarked that chorea is often the first of a series of rheumatic attacks, and said that Batten, in 115 cases of chorea, found that whereas the percentage of previous rheumatism was stated to be only 32.2 per cent., three years later so many patients had subsequently suffered from rheumatism that the percentage rose to 43.5, and three years later still it had risen to 53.2 per cent., so that the lapse of six years had increased the percentage by 21 per cent. Lees said further that pain and swelling of joints, which
1026 SERUM ADIPONECTIN LEVELS ARE PREDICTIVE OF ADVANCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCHOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE (NAFLD)
Authors: S. Savvidou, P. Hytiroglou, H. Orfanou-Koumerkeridou, A. Panderis, P. Frantzoulis, J. Goulis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Human Rights and Family Planning
Authors: E. D. Irvine
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Health Conference referred to the Public Health Commit- tee a motion on family planning involving "identification and follow up (italics mine) . . . of individuals who may fail to pro- vide satisfactory parental care."The intentions are clear.One speaker, Dr. J. T. Clow, was perhaps more percipient than the Con- ference, considering it unwise "in terms of the freedom of the individual."Pregnancies may be unwanted but they can hardly be said to be unforeseeable.Unplanned pregnancies are now equated far too readily with unwanted babies and con- genital delinquency, etc.Mr. Douglas Houghton' obviously believes the State should intervene to require family limitation, though he acknowledges the difficulty of reconciling this with declarations of human rights.If this resolution is accepted by the B.M.A.
Hazards of the Swan-Ganz Catheter
Authors: EUGENE D. ROBIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1988Hazards of the Swan-Ganz CatheterEUGENE D. ROBIN, M.D.EUGENE D. ROBIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-1-151_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: There is a strong possibility that the use of pulmonary artery flow (Swan-Ganz) catheters in patients with acute myocardial infarction is associated with a high rate of excess mortality (mortality in excess of that caused by acute myocardial infarction without the use of the catheter). Gore and associates ( 1 ) examined the outcome in over 3000 patients with acute myocardial infarction in Worcester, Massachusetts. Patients in whom the catheter was used showed an approximately 100% increase in mortality as compared with patients in whom the catheter was not used.The dramatic increase in mortality did not...References1. GORE J, GOLDBERG R, SPODICK D, ALPERT J, and DALEN J. A community-wide assessment of the use of pulmonary artery catheters in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Chest. 1987;92:721-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. ROBIN E. Death by pulmonary artery flow-directed catheter: time for a moratorium? Chest. 1987;92:727-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SELZER A. Routine invasive hemodynamic monitoring in the CCU has lowered mortality: arguments against the hypothesis. In: RAPAPORT E, ed. Current Controversies in Cardiovascular Disease. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co.; 1980:340-6. Google Scholar4. CALIFANO J. America's Health Care Revolution: Who Lives? Who Dies? Who Pays? New York: Random House; 1986. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EUGENE D. ROBIN, M.D.Affiliations: Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford, CA 94305- 5070 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySimulation-Based Education for Cardiac, Thoracic, and Vascular AnesthesiologyPulmonary artery catheterization in acute coronary syndromes: Insights from the GUSTO IIb and GUSTO III trialsTHE SWAN-GANZ CATHETERPulmonary Artery Catheters: An UpdateFlow-directed Pulmonary Artery Catheterization 1 January 1988Volume 108, Issue 1Page: 151-151KeywordsAcute myocardial infarctionCathetersMortalityPulmonary arteries ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Pulmonary blastoma with diverse mesenchymal proliferation
Authors: M. R. Chaudhuri, W. N. Eastham, P. A. Fredriksz
Journal: Thorax (1972)

Pulmonary blastomas are extremely rare subpleural tumours consisting of relatively well-differentiated branched tubular glands which resemble fetal lung tissue embedded in a malignant mesodermal stroma. The previous 13 established cases reported up to June 1969 are now supplemented by a fourteenth. The patient was a 32-year-old man who developed acute pain in the right chest followed by a haemorrhagic pleural effusion. At thoracotomy a yellowish-white necrotic and vascular tumour was located lying loosely in the fissure between the upper and the middle lobes. The histological appearance of the tumour was unusual in that the mesodermal element was very variable and in different areas simulated fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, lipomyxosarcoma, and malignant haemangiopericytoma. This diversity of mesodermal proliferation is best explained on the basis that the tumour has originated in an embryonic or pleuripotential type of mesenchyme, the site of which is probably in the periphery of the lung.
LIGATION OF THE COMMON CAROTID ARTERY FOR TRIFACIAL NEURALGIA WITH EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS UPON DOGS.
Authors: B. MERRILL RICKETTS
Journal: JAMA (1897)

The frequency, severity and want of remedial relief from trifacial neuralgia has prompted a most extended research, not only into the literature but also the pathologic conditions of the minute structures involved, as determined from an experimental point of view; and as a report of the case operated upon by myself in July, 1896, was made within several weeks of the operation, I will make but casual mention of the condition found within those few weeks. It is, however, gratifying to state that the good results derived from that operation have been permanent. Before entering upon the experimental feature it is necessary to understand that the anatomy of the dog is practically the same as that of the human being. Especially is this so in reference to the arterial and nervous system of the head and neck, and even the sympathetic system in this region is but little, if at
PHYSICOTHERAPY—PHYSICAL MEDICINE
Authors: A. B. Hirsh
Journal: JAMA (1934)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Medical practitioners strongly resented the ultimately successful scheme of a few lay cultists, aided by politicians, to force the "physiotherapist" clause into the new (1926) medical practice act of New York State. The officials of the American Medical Association accordingly dropped the terms physiotherapy and physiotherapist, as applicable to medical graduates, properly substituting those of physical therapy and physical therapist. It is to be regretted that some ill advised medical practitioners and institutions still adhere to the objectionable nonmedical terms. Otto Veraguth, M.D., professor of physical medicine at the University of Zurich, in his presidential address at the annual meeting (at that institution, Jan. 29, 1934) of the International Society of Medical Hydrology, spoke "In Defense of a Name" and, as reported in the<i>Archives of Medical Hydrology</i>, May, 1934, pages 241-242, said in part: "I take as my point of departure my criticism of two titles
The Effect of India's Total Sanitation Campaign on Defecation Behaviors and Child Health in Rural Madhya Pradesh: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sumeet R. Patil, Benjamin F. Arnold, Alicia L. Salvatore, Bertha Briceno, Sandipan Ganguly, John M. Colford, Paul J. Gertler
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Sumeet Patil and colleagues conduct a cluster randomized controlled trial to measure the effect of India's Total Sanitation Campaign in Madhya Pradesh on the availability of individual household latrines, defecation behaviors, and child health. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Letter: Stilboestrol for prostatic cancer.
Authors: M C Bateson
Journal: BMJ (1974)

a dosage of up to 400 mg daily.This drug is used for its muscle-relaxing properties in tetanus, but it was first introduced into medical practice as a vermifuge.The worm absorbs the drug but, unlike its host, is unable to m,etabolize or excrete it.The anthelmintic property may be related to an anticholinesterase action which upsets the neuromuscular apparatus of the worm or alternatively to an effect on redox systems.These mechanisms might be expected to paralyse the worm, but our experience is that they retain their motility on expulsion in cases of tetanus.It would be helpful if further light could be thrown on this problem.-Weare, etc.,
Evaluation of methods used to estimate inhaled dose of carbon monoxide.
Authors: P J Rees, C Chilvers, T J Clark
Journal: Thorax (1980)

We have compared estimation of alveolar carbon monoxide measured either as end-expired or mixed-expired carbon monoxide tension with two spectrophotometric estimations of venous blood carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb). Estimation of mixed-expired carbon monoxide proved more convenient for patients than the end-expired method, and this estimation of carbon monoxide exposure discriminated between non-smokers and smokers as well as measurements of COHb. The technique is bloodless, economical, and simple to perform. It should prove a valuable method for validating reported smoking habits of people attending smoking advisory centres and for epidemiological surveys of smoking.
Inhibition of HIV-1-gp120 Attachment to CD4 on Hematopoietic Stem Cell Derived-Langerhans Cells by the Green Tea Catechin, Epigallocatechin Gallate
Authors: C.L. Nance, A. Victores, S. Ali, W.T. Shearer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Transmyocardial laser revascularization limits in vivo adenoviral-mediated gene transfer in porcine myocardium
Authors: G Hughes
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Objective: Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) is emerging as a potential treatment option for patients with end-stage CAD, and adjuvant gene therapy may be helpful in further improving the results of the procedure. However, the effects of TMR on gene transfer are unknown. Methods: Swine underwent left thoracotomy. TMR was performed to create five channels at 2-cm intervals in the anterolateral free wall of the left ventricle (LV) followed by injection of 1×109 plaque-forming units (pfu) of a replication-deficient adenovirus vector carrying the reporter gene β-galactosidase (Ad.Pac β-gal). An additional five direct injections of 1×109 pfu Ad.Pac β-gal were made at 2-cm intervals in the posterolateral LV of each heart. Control animals underwent TMR alone/vehicle alone (n=3) or empty virus alone/no treatment (n=3) of the anterolateral/posterolateral LV, respectively. Results: ELISA revealed significantly greater transgene expression in the direct Ad.Pac β-gal injection versus TMR plus Ad.Pac β-gal inject regions at both 3 (n=6) (273.0±58.5 vs. 133.4+28.1 pg β-gal/g protein, P=0.02) and 7 days (n=6) (180.0+59.9 vs. 56.7+18.1 pg β-gal/g protein, P=0.02) postoperatively. At 14 days postoperatively (n=2), no transgene expression was detected in either region. No transgene expression was detected in any of the control regions at 3 days postoperatively. CD-18 staining revealed significantly greater inflammation in the TMR plus Ad.Pac β-gal and TMR alone regions as compared to Ad.Pac β-gal or vehicle (P<0.001). Conclusions: Adenoviral-mediated gene transfer in conjunction with TMR is possible, although TMR appears to limit the degree of transgene expression attained as compared to direct intramyocardial injection alone, likely due to the greater immune response observed with the former. These findings may have important implications for therapeutic strategies aimed at combining TMR with gene therapy for CAD.
Delayed Speech and Developmental Aphasia
Authors: M. Morley, D. Court, H. Miller, R. F. Garside
Journal: BMJ (1955)

TREATMENT OF PERNICIOUS ANAEMIA MEDIBrAJOURNAL 463 Furthermore, the difference in cost between the two treatments is considerable, as maintenance, even on one tablet a day, is nearly nine times as expensive as one injection of 100 /Ag. of vitamin B12 once a fortnight.So long as the nature and mode of action of intrinsic factor remain uncertain it is clearly preferable to rely on the parenteral administration of vitamin B12 for the routine treatment of pernicious anaemia.Although the majority of patients prefer taking tablets to receiving injections, more detailed investigation is required before oral treatment can be recommended.Summary A clinical trial of oral treatment of pernicious anaemia was carried out with a preparation containing a combination of vitamin B and intrinsic factor.In four out of five previously untreated patients there was a satisfactory response; in the fifth the treatment was ineffec- tive, but the patient subsequently responded to parenteral vitamin B12.In 12 patients previously treated with vitamin B12 by injection and transferred to maintenance treatment with the oral preparation the haemoglobin and red-cell count showed over one year a significant fall.In a further patient on oral maintenance therapy, features of subacute combined degeneration developed.It is concluded that at present oral therapy is not as reliable as vitamin B12 by injection.
P437Beta3-adrenergic receptor stimulation reduces ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of the mitochondrial transition pore opening (mPTP) and subsequent apoptotic inhibition
Authors: J Garcia-Prieto, D Sanz-Rosa, A Pun-Garcia, R Villena-Gutierrez, R Bourio-Martinez, E Enriquez-Rodriguez, SM Davidson, V Fuster, DM Yellon, B Ibanez
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Background: Beta3-adrenergic receptor (b3AR) stimulation reduces myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in vivo. The aim of this study was to assess whether this effect is exerted directly in the cardiomyocytes and to investigate the role of the mPTP in this protection.
Anti-tumour necrosis factor therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis results in a significant and long-lasting decrease of concomitant glucocorticoid treatment
Authors: L Naumann, D Huscher, J Detert, M Spengler, G-R Burmester, F Buttgereit
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2009)

The introduction of biological therapies in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drives the need to re-evaluate existing standard therapy regimens. Although tumour necrosis factor (TNF)α inhibitors (TNFi) have been approved to treat RA successfully, little information is available on the potential glucocorticoid (GC)-sparing effect of TNFi.1 2 3 4 For example, there are no firm data on detailed time courses of the GC dose changes in clinical practice. We therefore performed this study to evaluate the impact of TNFi on GC use in RA.

We performed a database search of patient files in our department between January 1999 and January 2007. Inclusion criteria were RA (American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria), first time starting on TNFi (etanercept, 25 mg twice a week or infliximab, 3 mg/kg bodyweight or adalimumab, 40 mg every 2 weeks), on TNFi for at least 3 months and on concomitant GC at TNFi initiation, respectively. The 110 patients thus …
Functional reconstitution of an immunoglobulin antigen receptor in T cells.
Authors: T E Costa, R R Franke, M Sanchez, Z Misulovin, M C Nussenzweig
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Humoral immune responses are initiated by binding of antigen to the immunoglobulins (Igs) on the plasma membrane of B lymphocytes. On the cell surface, Ig forms a complex with several other proteins, two of which, MB-1 and B29, have been implicated in receptor assembly. We have reconstituted Ig receptor function in T lymphocytes by transfection of cloned receptor components. We found that efficient transport of IgM to the surface of T cells required coexpression of B29. Furthermore, IgM and B29 alone were sufficient to reconstitute antigen-specific signal transduction by Ig in the transfected T cells. Crosslinking of IgM with either antireceptor antibodies or antigen induced a calcium flux, phosphoinositol turnover, and interleukin secretion in T cells. These experiments establish a requirement for B29 in Ig receptor function, and suggest that the signaling apparatus of T and B cells is structurally homologous.