tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Management of gastrointestinal bleeding.
Authors: J G Williams
Journal: BMJ (1981)

It is also regrettable that the Eastman Dental Hospital should be caught in the backlash.Like many dental hospitals, the overwhelming demands for treatment have to be assessed so that the relief of pain and specialist care receive priority, and the not inconsiderable remainder, which are invariably cold general dental practitioner problems, are offered an appointment.Minerva forgot to mention this last point.
Lymphoma and Anticonvulsive Therapy
Authors: Charles K. Tashima
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Since the initial report of Saltzstein et al (167:1618, 1958) of pseudolymphoma associated with anticonvulsive therapy, numerous other cases have been recorded. A complicating factor has been true malignant lymphoma in patients on such treatment, although the differentiation can usually be made histologically. A further difficulty has been fatal lymphoma in patients who initially had lymphadenopathy that regressed on cessation of hydantoin therapy. We report another case of Hodgkin disease in a patient after prolonged diphenylhydantoin (DPH) therapy, and recommend the continued pursuit of careful drug histories in patients with lymphoma. A 26-year-old white man was first seen in August 1973 for a swelling in the right neck of five months' duration and a fever for two months. Grand mal epilepsy since 1965 had been treated with 100 mg of DPH three times a day. The last two seizures had occurred in June 1973 and May 1970,
Migraine and ischaemic stroke
Authors: D J Thomas
Journal: BMJ (2005)

They are associated, but risks are low and surmountable 

M igraine and ischaemic stroke are both common conditions. It is hardly surprising, therefore, that the two can coexist in the same patient—but does a causal relation exist? The meta-analysis by Etminan et al in this issue provides further evidence that it does.1 Previous work showed no increase in the risk of haemorrhagic stroke in people with migraine.2

The increased relative risks reported by Etminan et al were 1.8 in migraine without aura, 2.3 in migraine with aura, and 8.7 in women with migraine who are taking the oral contraceptive pill. These figures may not be accurate because their meta-analysis has several problems: similar populations were not included; case-control studies are vulnerable to recall bias; control for confounding risk factors such as family history, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, and common treatments may not have been uniform; high risk patients with migrainous symptoms due to other conditions were not excluded; uncertainty existed in some studies about …
131I Therapy Using rhTSH Stimulation and Dosimetry in Metastatic Malignant Struma Ovarii
Authors: Jinchun Yan, David H. Lewis, Michelle F. Benoit, Janet F. Eary, David A. Mankoff
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

A 38-year-old woman with metastatic malignant struma ovarii, including massive liver metastases and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, underwent ovarian resection and retroperitoneal lymph nodes excision, partial hepatectomy, and radiofrequency ablation for liver metastases. She underwent thyroidectomy and received three I treatments using recombinant human thyrotropin stimulation and radioiodine dosimetry. posttherapy I imaging, anatomic images, and thyroglobulin levels showed significant diminution in the tumor burdens and remarkable decline in thyroglobulin levels. This case provided valuable information on recombinant human thyrotropin-assisted I ablation in conjunction with dosimetry in an unusual presentation of iodine-avid malignant struma ovarii with bulky metastases.
Identification of an active disaccharide unit of a glycoconjugate receptor for pneumococci attaching to human pharyngeal epithelial cells.
Authors: B Andersson, J Dahmén, T Frejd, H Leffler, G Magnusson, G Noori, C S Edén
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Glycoconjugates containing the disaccharide unit GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta were suggested as receptors for pneumococci adhering to human pharyngeal epithelial cells. The receptor activity was detected both by inhibition of adhesion by an excess of free oligosaccharide and by induction or increase of adhesion after coating of target cells with glycolipid. Studies with free natural and synthetic oligosaccharides identified the disaccharide GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 3Gal beta as one critical binding site. The specificity of recognition was shown inter alia by the lack of inhibitory activity of GlcNAc beta 1 leads to 4Gal beta, which differs only in the linkage of the two sugars. Specific interference with pneumococcal adhesion by administration of soluble receptor sugar may improve our understanding of the role of adhesion in vivo.
L’action psychotherapique des équipes médicales de la Fondation Santé des Etudiants de France chez les malades tuberculeux
Authors: A. Lepeuple, R. Thibier, J.N. Vivien
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1972)

First of all, the authors remind us of the existence of toxic-origined psychic troubles, derived from some anti-tuberculous antibiotics, which raise a more biological than psychiatric problem. The prevention of the real psychic troubles, bears upon the structures which have been settled inside the Foundation «Santé des Etudiants de France» for many years: an organisation which enables studies to be carried on, which enables physical training, kinesitherapy, relaxation, and which is as open as possible to the normal world (with visits, leaves of absences, exchanges,...). The most important element lies in the quality of the relationship between physicians and patients in sanitarium; the physician endeavouring to be always at his patient's disposal, and less 'controlling' than in the past. The 1959–1960 inquiry had shown a 7 % psychiatric morbidity among the adolescents treated in sanitarium. The psychotherapeutic treatment meets some difficulties specific to collective life, with the risky adjustment of a psychotherapist in the hierarchy. Consequently, we should be content with analytically-inspired psychotherapies more concerned with the symptoms than with the personalities of patients.
Misconceptions About Cancer Among Latinos and Anglos
Authors: Eliseo J. Pérez-Stable
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To collect information regarding knowledge about and attitudes toward cancer in a sample of adult health plan members, self-identified as Latino or Anglo. <h3>Design.</h3> —Cross-sectional survey. <h3>Setting.</h3> —Prepaid health plan. <h3>Respondents.</h3> —A random sample of 844 Latinos (mean age, 50.5 years) and 510 Anglos (51.8 years) completed the interview. <h3>Main Outcome Measures and Results.</h3> —Latinos were significantly more likely than Anglos to think that sugar substitutes (58% vs 42%), bruises from being hit (53% vs 34%), microwave ovens (47% vs 23%), eating pork (31% vs 11%), eating spicy foods (15% vs 8%), breast-feeding (14% vs 6%), and antibiotics (32% vs 12%) could cause cancer (<i>P</i>&lt;.001 for each). Compared with Anglos, Latinos more often misidentified constant dizziness (39% vs 25%) and arthralgias (35% vs 20%) as being symptoms of cancer. A higher proportion of Latinos believed that having cancer is like getting a death sentence (46% vs 26%), that cancer is God's punishment (7% vs 2%), that there is very little one can do to prevent getting cancer (26% vs 18%), that it is uncomfortable to touch someone with cancer (13% vs 8%), and that they would rather not know if they had incurable cancer (35% vs 23%;<i>P</i>&lt;.001 for each). Latino ethnicity was a significant predictor of these knowledge and attitude items in multivariate logistic regression models adjusted for sex, education, age, employment, marital status, county of residence, and self-perceived health status. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —We conclude that misconceptions about cancer are more prevalent among Latinos than Anglos and that selected attitudes about cancer among Latinos fit a cultural theme of<i>fatalismo</i>. These data can enable development of culturally appropriate cancer control interventions for Latinos. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1992;268:3219-3223)
Effects of Intracoronary β-Radiation Therapy After Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: David Meerkin, Jean-Claude Tardif, Ian R. Crocker, Andre Arsenault, Michel Joyal, Guylaine Lucier, Spencer B. King, David O. Williams, Patrick W. Serruys, Raoul Bonan
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Endovascular radiation is emerging as a potential solution for the prevention and treatment of restenosis. Its effects on the morphology of unstented vessels cannot be determined by angiography and therefore require the use of intravascular ultrasound. Methods and Results —Through a 5F noncentered catheter for delivery of a 90 Sr/Y source train, 12, 14, or 16 Gy at 2 mm was delivered to native coronary arteries after successful balloon angioplasty in 30 patients. Four patients required stent deployment in the first week. Quantitative coronary angiography and IVUS were performed during the initial procedure and at 6-month follow-up. Binary angiographic restenosis was present in 3 of 30 patients, with target lesion and vessel revascularization performed in 3 and 5 patients, respectively. Angiographic late loss was −0.02±0.60 mm, with a −0.09±0.46 loss index. IVUS demonstrated no significant reduction in lumen area (from 5.69±1.72 mm 2 after treatment to 6.04±2.63 mm 2 at follow-up), with no significant change in external elastic membrane area (13.71±4.54 to 14.22±4.71 mm 2 ) over the 6-month follow-up. Wall area was 8.01±3.85 mm 2 after radiation therapy and 8.19±3.44 mm 2 at follow-up ( P =NS). No significant differences were noted between the different dose groups. Conclusions —β-Radiation therapy resulted in a low restenosis rate with negligible late loss by angiography. By IVUS, β-radiation was shown to inhibit neointima formation, with no reduction of total vessel area at 6-month follow-up.
Cardiovascular Deaths While Running
Authors: Jeffrey P. Koplan
Journal: JAMA (1979)

When a person dies of cardiovascular causes during recreational running, the public frequently assumes the exercise caused the death. For a statistical perspective, the number of cardiovascular deaths while running that occurs by chance alone is estimated. If white male runners resemble marathoners, being nonsmokers and at lowest lean weight, four deaths from cardiovascular disease would occur per year while running 20 minutes, three times per week and 30 deaths per year if the two hours after running are considered as a running-associated period. However, if runners resemble the white male population, then 15 deaths would occur from cardiovascular disease per year while running and 104 during the associated period. Thus, four to 104 cardiovascular deaths per year are predicted on a purely temporal basis in white men while running.
Lord Nuffield — Prescribing Habits — Ethics on Holiday
Authors: John Lister
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

LORD Nuffield celebrated his eightieth birthday in October. In this country, the story of his success is a legend. At the age of sixteen William Morris started life as an apprentice to the bicycle trade, and shortly afterward, when his employers refused him a sterling wage advance, he set up his own cycle business in Oxford. He later turned to motorcycles and then to motorcars, and in 1913 the first Morris–Oxford car appeared. By 1921 the annual sale of his cars was in the region of 3000; by 1935 the figure had risen to nearly 100,000, and in 1939 the . . .
Lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone combination therapy in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Paul G. Richardson, Edie Weller, Sagar Lonial, Andrzej J. Jakubowiak, Sundar Jagannath, Noopur S. Raje, David E. Avigan, Wanling Xie, Irene M. Ghobrial, Robert L. Schlossman, Amitabha Mazumder, Nikhil C. Munshi, David H. Vesole, Robin Joyce, Jonathan L. Kaufman, Deborah Doss, Diane L. Warren, Laura E. Lunde, Sarah Kaster, Carol DeLaney, Teru Hideshima, Constantine S. Mitsiades, Robert Knight, Dixie-Lee Esseltine, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (2010)
Rationalizing Medical Work: Decision-Support Techniques and Medical Practices
Authors: Kevin Patrick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

While I was reading this book, IBM's "Big Blue" conquered Gary Kasparov at chess. Kasparov, the reigning world champion, is regarded by many as the greatest chess player of all time. Nonetheless, I have a feeling that Marc Berg was not impressed with this feat of "machine over man." In<i>Rationalizing Medical Work</i>, Berg, an MD, PhD, researcher at the University of Maastrecht in the Netherlands, outlines why our coexistence with the technologies we create is never so simple as who wins and who loses and why "computerizing" the work of medicine has not been, is not now, and will not soon become an easy task. He weaves the fabric of this argument through a fascinating combination of historical, sociological, and technical threads in an explicit attempt to understand just what medical work is. In the end, rather than presenting a nihilistic view of the impact of "rationalizing"
Differential Proteomic Analysis Of Eosinophils From Patients With Glucocorticoid Responsive Or Resistant Hypereosinophilic Syndrome
Authors: Konrad Pazdrak, Paneez Khoury, Kizhake V. Soman, Nicole Holland-Thomas, Michelle Makiya, Christof Straub, Zheng Wu, Amy D. Klion, Alexander Kurosky
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Extraordinary Care: The Medical Treatment of Adolf Hitler, Howard Hughes, Elvis Presley, President Ronald Reagan, Barney Clark...
Authors: Bert E. Park
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<i>Extraordinary Care</i>is less a serious examination of the unresolved ethical dilemmas facing medicine today than it is a monument to a special assignments editor's lifework. In that sense, some readers will be disappointed. Yet it is also an extraordinary collection of interviews from the inimitable Dennis Breo—and that, in the final analysis, is not so disappointing after all. Here at last is an intelligent medical exposé of the great and not-so-great headliners from a credible source that the general public should, and will, devour with relish—everything and more concerning relevant medical data of the Good (Pope Paul II, Ronald Reagan, and Elvis Presley), the Bad (Adolf Hitler and John Hinckley), and the Ugly (the Chappaquiddick fiasco and Jim Jones and the Guyana massacre). Perhaps it is precisely the "more" that perplexes the critic. The heart of the work—those cases epitomizing at once the title of the book and its
Alkylating cytostatic treatment in renal amyloidosis secondary to rheumatic disease.
Authors: K Berglund, C Keller, H Thysell
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

Fourteen consecutive patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease and reactive renal amyloidosis were treated with alkylating cytostatics in 22 separate periods varying in duration between six and 30 months. Chlorambucil alone was given in 14 treatment periods, cyclophosphamide alone in six, and both alternately in two. The dosage was adjusted to attain a major suppression of the rheumatic inflammation and a blood lymphocyte level below 1.0 X 10(9)/l. Renal function improved in 12 treatment periods, renal deterioration was arrested in three periods, and in another four periods the rate of functional decline slowed down. In the remaining three treatment periods, associated with further deterioration in renal function, treatment was inadequate owing to blood dyscrasia and failure to control hypertension. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was followed more closely in 10 treatment periods, in all of which the falling trend was arrested or reduced. The survival rate at five years was 93%. Three patients who dropped out of the treatment programme are so far the only ones not still alive. Nine are still being followed up after 6-17 years, and the other two remaining live patients have had renal transplants for five years.
239 INFLUENCE OF BMI ON THE RESPONSE TO BETA-BLOCKER THERAPY IN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PROPHYLAXIS OF VARICEAL BLEEDING IN LIVER CIRRHOSIS
Authors: P. Salzl, P. Schwabl, T. Reiberger, B.A. Payer, M. Ferlitsch, B. Heinisch, M. Trauner, M. Peck-Radosavljevic, A. Ferlitsch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Renal Imaging on Liver-Spleen Scans
Authors: SUSAN L. WILLIAMSON, JOANNA J. SEIBERT, ANNA FRANCINE TRYKA, CHARLES M. GLASIER, MICHAEL R. WILLIAMSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

Renal uptake observed occasionally after radiocolloid injection is usually related to the patient's disease or condition. A case of abnormal renal uptake of Tc-99m albumin colloid (Microlite) in a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is presented.
Reply to S.E. Krown et al
Authors: Jonathan Krell, Justin Stebbing
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

We appreciate the insights provided by Krown et al 1 in their recent letter.We would like to state that we did not advocate that pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) should be recommended by the WHO as the standard of care for advanced Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). 2 However, we do defend our proposition that PLD should be recommended as a standard option in the developing world for patients with advanced KS for whom chemotherapy is deemed necessary.The differences between the phrases "a standard" and "the standard" are subtle grammatically, but in terms of contextual significance, should not be misinterpreted.We continue to acknowledge financial and infrastructural constraints that surround effective and safe implementation of this recommendation.][6] We agree that comorbidities influence the choice of, tolerance to, and outcome of therapy, but this merely provides additional support for the use of more tolerable agents such as PLD.This is true for any anticancer therapy, and PLD can provide a model for delivery of better treatment.
False Positive Test for Aspergillus Antigenemia Related to Concomitant Administration of Piperacillin and Tazobactam
Authors: Annie Sulahian, Sophie Touratier, Patricia Ribaud
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

To the Editor: The detection of aspergillus galactomannan antigenemia is a method used in the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis.1,2 Some transient false positive reactions have been reported with the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in relation to the passage of galactomannan of food origin through the intestinal mucosa or in relation to possible interactions with antibiotics, including piperacillin.3 We report a recent marked increase in the frequency of false positive tests and its relation to the concomitant administration of piperacillin and tazobactam. Between May 1 and July 15, 2003, 931 serum samples were examined for the presence of galactomannan . . .
THE BUSINESS OF GETTING WELL
Authors: LEWIS HUGH McKINNIE
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Most physicians are inclined to give the persons who come for advice credit for showing a certain amount of intelligent appreciation of well grounded medical opinion. Of course, they realize that there are individuals of less discriminating taste who pass the physician by and knock at his neighbor's door, where good money is paid for an inferior type of service. The least exacting may even enter the building next door and traffic with a naturopath, a dispenser of Abram's mysteries, or perhaps one of the more distinguished brands of the healing cults. It is not my intention while trespassing on this delicate ground to appeal to professional jealousies but rather to attempt to penetrate the workings of the public mind when it goes about the business of getting well. There are three emergencies in life in which the average human being is prone to ignore precept and resort to instinct.
Death on the roads could be the chance of life for some
Authors: Alastair D Smith
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is not working in MalawiEditor-The paper by Plowe et al entitled "Sustained clinical efficacy of sulfadoxinepyrimethamine for uncomplicated falciparum malaria" might be better titled "Sustained lack of efficacy of sulfadoxinepyrimethamine. ..." 1 By the start of the study period five years ago, molecular genotyping showed that Plasmodium falciparum in Malawi had already acquired significant resistance to the combination. 1 2This explains the sustained lack of efficacy; 28 day cure rates in children with acute falciparum malaria remained steadily less than 40% over the five year study period.This is confirmed by the Malawi component of recent WHO-Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) multicentre trials; the 28 day cure rate with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in children with acute falciparum malaria was only 23%, 3 and this for a major killing disease of childhood.A 77% failure rate is among the worst responses ever documented.Only 7% (5/71) of reported trials on sulfadoxinepyrimethamine have had worse failure rates. 4efore sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine was introduced widely it was very effective in Malawi, but, since then, efficacy has fallen dramatically (table).The front page of the BMJ was wrong: sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine is not "still working."A drug giving a cure rate of consistently less than 40% for a potentially life threatening infection cannot be described as having "good efficacy," particularly when highly effective alternatives exist.Can you imagine endorsing an antibiotic with a more than 60% failure rate for use in European or American children with those words?Demographic surveillance system data from eastern and southern Africa show that mortality attributable to malaria in children almost doubled between 1990 and 1998, whereas by contrast non-malaria related mortality fell.The use of ineffective drugs, such as sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Malawi, may well be to blame.
Tuberin haploinsufficiency is associated with the loss of OGG1 in rat kidney tumors
Authors: Samy L Habib, Simona Simone, Jeff J Barnes, Hanna E Abboud
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2008)

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is caused by defects in one of two tumor suppressor genes, TSC-1 or TSC-2. TSC-2 gene encodes tuberin, a protein involved in the pathogenesis of kidney tumors. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the TSC2 locus has been detected in TSC-associated renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and in RCC in the Eker rat. Tuberin downregulates the DNA repair enzyme 8-oxoguanine DNA-glycosylase (OGG1) with important functional consequences, compromising the ability of cells to repair damaged DNA resulting in the accumulation of the mutagenic oxidized DNA, 8-oxo-dG. Loss of function mutations of OGG1 also occurs in human kidney clear cell carcinoma and may contribute to tumorgenesis. We investigated the distribution of protein expression and the activity of OGG1 and 8-oxo-dG and correlated it with the expression of tuberin in kidneys of wild type and Eker rats and tumor from Eker rat.Tuberin expression, OGG1 protein expression and activity were higher in kidney cortex than in medulla or papilla in both wild type and Eker rats. On the other hand, 8-oxo-dG levels were highest in the medulla, which expressed the lowest levels of OGG1. The basal levels of 8-oxo-dG were also higher in both cortex and medulla of Eker rats compared to wild type rats. In kidney tumors from Eker rats, the loss of the second TSC2 allele is associated with loss of OGG1 expression. Immunostaining of kidney tissue shows localization of tuberin and OGG1 mainly in the cortex.These results demonstrate that OGG1 localizes with tuberin preferentially in kidney cortex. Loss of tuberin is accompanied by the loss of OGG1 contributing to tumorgenesis. In addition, the predominant expression of OGG1 in the cortex and its decreased expression and activity in the Eker rat may account for the predominant cortical localization of renal cell carcinoma.