tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Merck chief quits as further material on Vioxx emerges
Authors: Ray Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<b>Purpose:</b> Health science students have an increased source of stress due to the rigorous curriculum, high clinical expectations, and academic demands. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of a 15-minute yoga intervention to reduce stress in entry-level dental hygiene students. <b>Methods:</b> First year dental hygiene students were invited to participate in the experimental study (n=32) and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control group. The stress reduction intervention (gentle yoga movements, breathing, and meditation) was performed prior to each final exam for a total of six times. The control group proceeded with their usual pre-exam routines. Baseline and post-trial blood pressure, pulse and 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) data were recorded for both groups. Repeated measures of blood pressure and pulse were recorded before and after yoga for the experimental group and the control group prior to each exam. Data analyses included <i>Paired-samples t-test, Independent-samples t-test</i> and ANOVA, (<i>p</i>=0.05). <b>Results:</b> The main effect for yoga from pre- to post-session was statistically significant for blood pressure <i>(p=0.02</i> systolic; <i>p=0.02</i> diastolic) but not for pulse <i>(p=0.23</i>). Significant effects on blood pressure measures showed yoga movement sessions reduced stress however the effects sizes were small. The <i>paired t-tests</i> indicated the 10-item PSS values were significantly lower (<i>p&lt;0.00</i>). Statistical significance of differential, beneficial effects of yoga versus control were not demonstrated. <b>Conclusion:</b> Fifteen-minutes of yoga movements had feasibility, compliance, and appeared to have positive effects related to stress reduction. No evidence of statistical significance was demonstrated compared to the control. Research on a larger sample of entry-level dental hygiene students using yoga movements over the course of a semester is recommended.
HIGH POST-CLOPIDOGREL PLATELET REACTIVITY ASSESSED BY VERIFYNOW P2Y12 ASSAY DOSES NOT PREDICT STENT THROMBOSIS IN ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES
Authors: Sung-Gyun Ann, Seung-Hwan Lee, Joong Kyung Sung, Jun-Won Lee, Young-Jin Youn, Jang-Young Kim, Byung-Su Yoo, Junghan Yoon Yoon, Kyung-Hoon Choe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Inverse and Direct Cancer Comorbidity in People with Central Nervous System Disorders: A Meta-Analysis of Cancer Incidence in 577,013 Participants of 50 Observational Studies
Authors: Ferrán Catalá-López, Marta Suárez-Pinilla, Paula Suárez-Pinilla, Jose María Valderas, Manuel Gómez-Beneyto, Salvador Martinez, Vicent Balanzá-Martínez, Joan Climent, Alfonso Valencia, John McGrath, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Jose Sanchez-Moreno, Eduard Vieta, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2014)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; There is a lack of scientific consensus about cancer comorbidity in people with central nervous system (CNS) disorders. This study assesses the co-occurrence of cancers in patients with CNS disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), autism spectrum disorders, Down's syndrome (DS), Huntington's disease (HD), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and schizophrenia (SCZ). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Comprehensive search in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and ISI Web of Knowledge of the literature published before March 2013. We identified 51 relevant articles from 2,229 discrete references, 50 of which contained data suitable for quantitative synthesis (577,013 participants). Pooled effect sizes (ES) were calculated using multiple random-effects meta-analyses. Sources of heterogeneity and uncertainty were explored by means of subgroup and sensitivity analyses, respectively. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; The presence of CNS disorders was associated with a reduced co-occurrence of cancer (ES = 0.92; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.87-0.98; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 94.5%). A consistently lower overall co-occurrence of cancer was detected in patients with neurodegenerative disorders (ES = 0.80; 95% CI: 0.75- 0.86; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 82.8%), and in those with AD (ES = 0.32; 95% CI: 0.22-0.46; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.0%), PD (ES = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.76-0.91; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 80.0%), MS (ES = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.87-0.95; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 30.3%) and HD (ES = 0.53; 95% CI: 0.42-0.67; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 56.4%). Patients with DS had a higher overall co-occurrence of cancer (ES = 1.46; 95% CI: 1.08-1.96; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 87.9%). No association was observed between cancer and ALS (ES = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.76-1.25; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.0%) or SCZ (ES = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.90-1.07; I&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 96.3%). Patients with PD, MS and SCZ showed (a) higher co-occurrence of some specific cancers (e.g. PD with melanoma, MS with brain cancers and SCZ with breast cancer), and (b) lower co-occurrence of other specific cancers (e.g. lung, prostate and colorectal cancers in PD; lung and prostate cancers in MS; and melanoma and prostate cancer in SCZ). &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Increased and decreased co-occurrence of cancer in patients with CNS disorders represents an opportunity to discover biological and non-biological connections between these complex disorders.
FASCIOLOPSIS BUSKII (DISTOMUM BUSKII).THE FIRST REPORTED CASE IN THE UNITED STATES. FOUND IN A PATIENT DYING OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Authors: JOHN T. MOORE
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Attention has been called by one of us<sup>1</sup>to the possibility of finding many of the parasites of tropical countries were we systematically to look for them. We are pleased to present a specimen of a rare intestinal parasite, in fact the only recorded case of this fluke occurring outside of Asia, according to Stiles,<sup>2</sup>from whom we have gained the most of our knowledge of this fluke. <h3>History of Case.</h3> —The parasite was found in the intestine of a Laskar who was sick aboard an English steamer in this port, and who was removed to the St. Mary's Infirmary, where Dr. Moore saw him. The case was diagnosed as probably typhoid fever, but as he died the following day the diagnosis was not confirmed until it was done by postmortem. The specimen of parasite was found in the intestine while doing the postmortem, and along with the
Passive transfer of autoimmune disease with isologous IgG1 and IgG2 antibodies to the tubular basement membrane in strain XIII guinea pigs: loss of self-tolerance induced by autoantibodies.
Authors: C L Hall, R B Colvin, K Carey, R T McCluskey
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Initiation of an autoimmune tubulointerstitial disease was achieved in strain XIII guinea pigs by passive transfer of functionally pure IgG1 or IgG2 fractions of isologous anti-tubular basement membrane (TBM) serum. IgG2 appeared to be somewhat more effective than IgG1. The immunopathologic features in the IgG1 and IgG2 recipients were similar at the time of sacrifice, 14 days after transfer. The recipients that developed disease had higher than expected anti-TBM titers at 14 days. Furthermore, anti-TBM antibodies were of both IgG isotypes. In contrast, simultaneously administered IgG1 or IgG2 anti-BGG antibodies declined in titer in the recipients and were never found in the isotype fraction that had not been transferred. These findings indicate that the recipients of anti-TBM antibodies of either IgG1 or IgG2 isotype were stimulated to produce anti-TBM autoantibodies, which participated in the pathogenesis of the renal disease. The model demonstrates that autoantibodies may provide a mechanism (autoimmune amplification) for the intensification and perpetuation of antibody-mediated autoimmune diseases.
Thrombosis as a Complication of Pulmonary-Artery Catheterization Via the Internal Jugular Vein
Authors: Jean Chastre, François Cornud, Abderrezak Bouchama, François Viau, Roger Benacerraf, Claude Gibert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

SINCE its introduction in 1970,1 the flow-directed balloon-tipped (Swan–Ganz) catheter has gained clinical acceptance and increased usage for continuous monitoring of the hemodynamic status of severely ill patients. Among the complications occasionally reported with the use of this device, deep-vein thrombosis has been rare. Swan et al.1 have described a case in which a thrombus developed in the superior vena cava and enveloped the shaft of the catheter. In 1974, Foote et al.2 described nine patients in whom the catheter was implicated as the cause of pulmonary ischemic lesions; in two patients, these pulmonary lesions were probably due to emboli . . .
TCTAP A-005 Randomized Comparison of Coronary Bypass Surgery with Drug-Eluting Stenting for the Treatment of Left Main Coronary Artery Disease: 3-Year Follow-Up of the PRECOMBAT Trial
Authors: Jung-Min Ahn, Young-Hak Kim, Jong-Young Lee, Soo-Jin Kang, Duk-Woo Park, Seung-Whan Lee, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract C20: MGMT promoter methylation and analysis of microsatellite instability in head and neck cancer by consensus markers
Authors: Nejat Dalay, Zubeyde Yalniz, Semra Demokan, Yusufhan Suoglu, Murat Ulusan
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Head and neck cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world and traditional prognostic indices are of limited use in predicting prognosis. Therefore, there is a need for a beter understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of the disease and a great effort is being made to determine new prognostic and predictive markers that could improve stratification of the patients Polymorphic microsatellites are useful genetic markers and important tools for studying genetic alterations in tumors. Microsatellite instability refers to the impairment of the mismatch repair system resulting in gains or losses in the number of the tandem repeat units. Cells with mutated mismatch repair genes are not able to correctly repair these errors. The importance of microsatellite instability in head and neck cancer is not well established because of lack of comparable parameters, use of different markers, different criteria in classification and discrepancies concerning the loci examined. Recently it has been shown that mononucleotide markers are more sensitive and specific than dinucleotide markers for the detection of microsatelite instability. No standard approach for the study of MSI has been agreed to in HNC. In this study we analyzed the role and incidence of microsatellite instability in head and neck cancer with criteria and markers recommended by NCI which have been widely used for different types of cancer. We also analyzed methylation of the promoter region of the MGMT gene which functions in the repair pathway of alkylating nitrosocompounds. Microsatellite instability was analyzed in matching tumor and normal tissue samples from 99 patients with head and neck cancer using a panel of five (NR21, BAT25, BAT26, NR24 and MONO27) mononucletoide markers. Two pentanucleotide markers were used to correctly identify the individual tumor and normal tissue samples. The analyses were performed on an ABI Prism 310 capillary electrophoresis system. Microsatellite instability was observed in 26 patients (26.2%). The most frequently affected markers were BAT 25 and NR21 which displayed changes in repeat length in 19 and 11 patients, respectively. Among the microsatellite-positive patients 17 tumor samples (17.1%) displayed high degrees of instability while the remaining 9 samples were instable in only one locus. In five patients instability was observed in three or more loci. Instability was more frequent in tumors with advanced stages. Significant methylation of the MGMT gene was observed in most patients. In 31 patients both alleles were methylated, while in 65 samples partial methylation was observed. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(23 Suppl):C20.
Long-term humoral unresponsiveness in vivo, induced by treatment with monoclonal antibody against L3T4.
Authors: J Goronzy, C M Weyand, C G Fathman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1986)

mAbs directed against the L3T4 molecule administered in vivo caused a severe and long lasting helper cell depletion in mice. Regeneration of the L3T4+ subpopulation occurred gradually (2-3 mo) after a single antibody treatment. Experiments were designed to examine the humoral immunocompetence of such anti-L3T4-treated animals during and after regeneration of the L3T4+ T cell subset. The animals were injected with anti-L3T4, immunized with soluble antigen, and challenged with antigen every 2 wk. Antibody responses to two antigens, sperm whale myoglobin (SpWMb) and KLH, which differ with regard to their immunogenicity, were compared. The lack of humoral immune responsiveness to either of these two antigens shorty after anti-L3T4 treatment responsiveness to either of these two antigens shortly after anti-L3T4 treatment was probably due to clonal depletion. The anti-L3T4-induced immunosuppressive effect on antibody production seemed to be determined in part by the preexisting T cell repertoire, as was suggested by the recovery of responsiveness to the highly immunogenic antigen KLH and the transient inhibitory effect of anti-L3T4 treatment in primed animals. The regenerating L3T4+ T cell subpopulation was relatively incompetent in initiating B cell responses. More than 40% of the L3T4+ T cell compartment had to recover to provide help for the production of anti-KLH antibodies, whereas elimination of 90% of the L3T4+ helper cells did not inhibit a primary anti-KLH response. Evidence for a heterogeneous composition of the L3T4+ subset came from experiments using rIL-2 in vivo. The addition of rIL-2 during early helper cell depletion improved the recovery of the humoral responsiveness without apparently affecting the kinetics of the regeneration of L3T4+ T cells. Interestingly, humoral unresponsiveness to the weakly immunogenic antigen SpWMb persisted for at least 120 d. This long lasting unresponsiveness could not be explained by clonal depletion, and suggested as one possibility that the presence of antigen during regeneration of the L3T4+ helper cell population may have influenced the ultimate T cell repertoire.
Treatment of Gold Toxicity
Authors: Alex Silverglade
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In the Questions and Answers section for Sept 7, 1964 (<i>JAMA</i><b>189</b>:790) an inquiry was answered about the treatment of gold toxicity by the reply that "It is unlikely that calcium disodium edetate would be of value." I should like to bring to the attention of interested readers a report in<i>La Presse Medicale</i>(<b>70</b>: 1523 [June 23] 1962) in which two cases of dermatitis caused by gold toxicity were successfully treated with calcium disodium edetate. Measurements of the urinary excretion of gold showed an increase in elimination which paralleled the clinical improvement. This is the only report of such treatment in the literature with which I am familiar.
Gene Expression Profiles and B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Elevation in Heart Transplantation
Authors: Mandeep R. Mehra, Patricia A. Uber, Dirk Walther, Mark Vesely, Jay G. Wohlgemuth, James Prentice, Darren Tayama, Margaret Billingham
Journal: Circulation (2006)

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is chronically elevated in heart transplantation and reflects diastolic dysfunction, cardiac allograft vasculopathy, and poor late outcome. This investigation studied peripheral gene expression signatures of elevated BNP concentrations in clinically quiescent heart transplant recipients in an effort to elucidate molecular correlates beyond hemodynamic perturbations.We performed gene microarray analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 28 heart transplant recipients with clinical quiescence (absence of dyspnea or fatigue; normal left ventricular ejection fraction [EF >55%]; ISHLT biopsy score 0 or 1A; and normal hemodynamics [RAP <7 mm Hg, PCWP < or = 15 mm Hg, and CI > or = 2.5 L/min per m2]). BNP levels were performed using the Triage B-type Natriuretic Peptide test (Biosite Diagnostics Inc, San Diego, Calif) and median BNP concentration was 165 pg/mL. Seventy-eight probes (of 7370) mapped to 54 unique genes were significantly correlated with BNP concentrations (P<0.001). Of these, the strongest correlated genes (P<0.0001) were in the domains of gelsolin (actin cytoskeleton), matrix metallopeptidases (collagen degradation), platelet function, and immune activity (human leukocyte antigen system, heat shock protein, mast cell, and B-cell lineage).In the clinically quiescent heart transplant recipient, an elevated BNP concentration is associated with molecular patterns that point to ongoing active cardiac structural remodeling, vascular injury, inflammation, and alloimmune processes. Thus, these findings allude to the notion that BNP elevation is not merely a hemodynamic marker but should be considered reflective of integrated processes that determine the balance between active cardiac allograft injury and repair.
Texas records worst outbreak of West Nile virus on record
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

West Nile virus infections in the United States climbed by about 25% in one week, says the latest report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The cumulative number of severe infections reached 1993 and deaths 87.

“That is the highest number of West Nile disease cases reported to CDC through the first week of September, since West Nile virus was first detected in the United States in 1999,” said Lyle Peterson during a telephone news conference with reporters on 5 September. He directs the CDC division of vector-borne infectious diseases.

“We expect this increase to continue for the next several weeks, probably until October,” he …
Talking from 9 to 5
Authors: N. Craft
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Deborah Tannen Virago, pounds sterling16.95, pp 368 ISBN 1 85381 546 2

Traditional perceptions of men's and women's roles are changing, with women increasingly putting their careers first. But there is still an invisible barrier—otherwise known as the “glass ceiling”—that stops women from rising to the top of their professions. It was considered so serious a problem in America that a Glass Ceiling Commission was created as part of the Civil Rights Act of 1991. In the NHS, a paltry 16% of all consultants are women, a figure which shows little sign of improving.

Understanding how people talk to each other is at the root of the …
Etiology of Seasickness.
Authors: Philip Kittredge Taylor
Journal: JAMA (1899)

New York, March 12, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In theJournalof March 11, in an article on this subject Dr. W. E. Darnall gives the disturbance of equilibration as the cause. If his meaning is that that is one of the<i>various</i>causes of the malady, I agree with him most heartily. But I have seen many cases in which I scarcely consider it a sufficient explanation of the trouble. I have spent most of my life near the ocean, and for several years have been surgeon on an ocean steamer, making long voyages, so speak from a large and varied experience. I have become convinced that no<i>one</i>cause can be assigned to all cases; and, from the results of empiric treatment, have gotten into the way of roughly classifying them under one of two heads: those in whom the trouble seems to be chiefly due to disturbance
SOME REMARKS ON FORMS OF TRADE DERMATITIS OCCURRING IN THE SILVER AND ELECTROPLATING TRADES
Authors: ARTHUR HALL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1902)

Journal Article SOME REMARKS ON FORMS OF TRADE DERMATITIS OCCURRING IN THE SILVER AND ELECTROPLATING TRADES Get access ARTHUR HALL, M.A., M.B. CANTAB., M.R.C.P. ARTHUR HALL, M.A., M.B. CANTAB., M.R.C.P. Physician Sheffield Royal Hospital, Professor of Pathology, University College, Sheffield Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 14, Issue 4, 1 April 1902, Pages 121–126, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1902.tb16438.x Published: 01 April 1902
A Lecture on the Symptoms, Causes, and Prevention of Anoxaemia (Insufficient Supply of Oxygen to the Tissues), and the Value of Oxygen in its Treatment
Authors: J. S. Haldane
Journal: BMJ (1919)

IN thislecture I propose to review briefly what is, known with regard to the physiology of anoxaemxai and; the-means by which it may be, prevented.Our knowledge on this sul*cis as yetimperfect, but has quite reoently developed very rapidly; and tledevlopment, as 1 shall try to show, has the closest bearing on a number of everyday problems in practical medicine.-DEFINITION.Anoxaemis.may-be defined as.a condition.inwhich the rate,of supply of oxygen to the tissues by theblood in the systemic capillaries is insufficient.forthe normal carrying, on of life.Its existence is shown by the abnormal symptoms produced, and by, the-fact that.these symptoms are annulled by *oo H _ _ _ increasi'ng theIt rate at which so _ _ -_ _ _ oxygen is, sup;.--Clinically the A. condition is very - __ common.It is a S ver y dangerous, _ compfication in _ pneumonia and inm .C b ronehopneu.mxonia, especially,~4 the very fatal a pneumonia of in._ fluensa.Itoccurs _ in bronchitis and X in asthma, and 20 - is constantly in- existencein many chronic cardiac --7 cases and in con- 0 3 4 5 6 --t In a recent paper on the extension of the gas laws to liquids (Biochemical Jou4rnal, xii, v. 488, 1918) I have endeavoured to define diffusion pressure and poinu out its fundament signifroance in physiology.
Differentiation of Subendocardial and Transmural Infarction Using Two-Dimensional Strain Rate Imaging to Assess Short-Axis and Long-Axis Myocardial Function
Authors: Jonathan Chan, Lizelle Hanekom, Chiew Wong, Rodel Leano, Goo-Yeong Cho, Thomas H. Marwick
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Calpain inhibitor I reduces colon injury caused by dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid in the rat
Authors: S Cuzzocrea
Journal: Gut (2001)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND AIMS</h3> Inflammatory bowel disease is characterised by oxidative and nitrosative stress, leucocyte infiltration, upregulation of expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), and upregulation of P-selectin in the colon. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of calpain inhibitor I in rats subjected to experimental colitis. <h3>METHODS</h3> Colitis was induced in rats by intracolonic instillation of dinitrobenzene sulphonic acid (DNBS). <h3>RESULTS</h3> Rats experienced haemorrhagic diarrhoea and weight loss. Four days after administration of DNAB, the mucosa of the colon exhibited large areas of necrosis. Neutrophil infiltration (determined by histology as well as by an increase in myeloperoxidase activity in the mucosa) was associated with upregulation of ICAM-1 and P-selectin as well as high tissue levels of malondialdehyde. Immunohistochemistry for nitrotyrosine and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) showed intense staining in the inflamed colon. Staining of sections of colon obtained from DNBS treated rats with an anti-cyclooxygenase 2 antibody showed diffuse staining of the inflamed tissue. Furthermore, expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase was found mainly in macrophages located within the inflamed colon of DNBS treated rats. Calpain inhibitor I (5 mg/kg daily intraperitoneally) significantly reduced the degree of haemorrhagic diarrhoea and weight loss caused by administration of DNBS. Calpain inhibitor I also caused a substantial reduction in (i) degree of colon injury, (ii) rise in myeloperoxidase activity (mucosa), (iii) increase in tissue levels of malondialdehyde, (iv) increase in staining (immunohistochemistry) for nitrotyrosine and PARP, as well as (v) upregulation of ICAM-1 and P-selectin caused by DNBS in the colon. <h3>CONCLUSION</h3> Calpain inhibitor I reduces the degree of colitis caused by DNBS. We propose that calpain inhibitor I may be useful in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.