tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Loss of a DNA-protein complex correlates with extinguished major histocompatibility complex class II expression in a human B cell.
Authors: P W Finn, T T Van, R S Accolla, L H Glimcher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1990)

An E beta DNA protein complex termed complex A, whose binding activity has recently been shown to correlate with both constitutive and regulated class II expression in murine cell lines, is also present in a human B cell, Raji. The DNA involved in complex A, which includes three previously defined transcriptional motifs, W, X, and Y, is a cis-acting transcription element in Raji cells. Both complex A binding activity and transcriptional activity of its target sequence are absent in an Ia- mutant subclone of Raji, RJ 2.2.5. This cell line, whose defect is complemented by a locus on mouse chromosome 16, reexpresses both class II and complex A upon transfection with mouse genomic DNA. We suggest that factors that form complex A or that regulate complex A formation account for the molecular lesion in this cell line.
Redistribution of Crossed Cerebellar Diaschisis
Authors: SUNG M. KIM, CHAN H. PARK, CHARLES M. INTENZO, R BELL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis refers to a functional decrease in blood flow to the cerebellar hemisphere contralateral to the infarcted or ischemic cerebral hemisphere. This phenomenon can be depicted using PET as well as using SPECT. This condition, seen on early I-123 IMP brain scans, can show redistribution on the three hour delayed scan, presumably due to normal nonspecific amine receptor sites of the affected cerebellum. One such case is reported.
The relationship between fibrosis and cancer in experimental animals exposed to asbestos and other fibers.
Authors: J M Davis, H A Cowie
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

The association between occupational asbestos exposure and the development of both pulmonary fibrosis or asbestosis and pulmonary carcinomas is well documented. It has been suggested that the two pathological conditions are associated with asbestos-related carcinomas developing from areas of asbestosis and not occurring when exposure has been too low to produce this type of pulmonary scarring. Experimental inhalation studies so far published have not been designed to examine this association specifically, but many publications have reported that asbestos samples producing high levels of fibrosis is experimental animals are also very carcinogenic. Samples of asbestos or man-made fibers that produce little fibrosis also produce few tumors. These works are reviewed. In order to examine the association between fibrosis and tumor production in more detail, groups of animals with and without pulmonary tumors and with individual fibrosis measurements were assembled from a number of inhalation studies undertaken over a period of years at this Institute. It was found that animals with pulmonary tumors had almost double the amount of pulmonary fibrosis as animals of similar age that did not. In a few of the animals where tumors were found at an early stage of development, their origin from fibrotic areas could be confirmed, although in most cases where tumor deposits were widespread this was not possible. Experimental confirmation of the site of origin of most pulmonary tumors in asbestos-treated rats would require new studies with rats examined specifically at an age when early tumors would be expected.
Congenital Neurofibromatosis Presenting as a Surgical Emergency
Authors: Norman S. Turner
Journal: JAMA (1963)

CONGENITAL NEUROFIBROMATOSIS (Von Recklinghausen's disease) is quite variable in its clinical manifestations.<sup>1-3</sup>Although the skin, subcutaneous tissue, nerves, vessels, gastrointestinal tract,<sup>4</sup>and bone may be involved singly or in combination,<sup>2</sup>acute problems are apparently rare.<sup>5</sup>The case reported herein is of interest, not only because an acute complication in this condition is rare, but also because this patient demonstrates a serious aspect of the disease, complications from which may attend the surgical management of any patient with neurofibromatosis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 27-year-old woman was admitted to the emergency room on June 21, 1962, with a painful, enlarging mass in the left lumbar region. At about 5 o'clock that evening, the patient reported that she had squeezed a pustule in this region and a few hours later had noticed a painful, tender, enlarging nodule measuring 3 cm in diameter. The nodule had continued to enlarge
Transplant Rejection Test
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Non-operative arterial embolisation in primary liver tumours.
Authors: P G Wheeler, W Melia, P Dubbins, B Jones, H Nunnerley, P Johnson, R Williams
Journal: BMJ (1979)

Three patients with primary hepatic tumours were treated by selective arterial embolisation with gelatin-foam fragments to induce necrosis. In the two with histologically proved hepatocellular carcinoma ultrasonography suggested that necrosis had been induced, as did the rapid initial falls in serum alpha-fetoprotein concentration by 95 and 81% of the original values respectively. Treatment was continued with a course of adriamycin, and both patients remained well and symptom free at 10 and 12 months. In the third patient, who had an expanding and highly vascular benign hepatic adenoma associated with use of a contraceptive pill, embolisation obliterated the tumour mass. Tumour embolisation should be regarded as only the first step in managing hepatocellular carcinoma and as a means of reducing appreciably the viable tumour mass before chemotherapy. It may be used as the primary and definitive treatment in patients with benign liver tumours.
Paul Anthony Mullins
Authors: Kieron Donovan
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Consultant cardiologist Liverpool (b Yorkshire 1960; q King's College Medical School, London, 1983; FRCP), died from a brain tumour on 1 February 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




Paul was born in Yorkshire but with strong Irish roots. After qualifying he soon developed talents as a physician. He quickly excelled in the field of clinical and interventional cardiology, finishing his training and research at Papworth Hospital. He was appointed consultant at the Royal Liverpool Hospital at the age of 31 and was elected FRCP two years later. He achieved much in clinical, managerial, and research roles right up until his death at the age of 43, but his work never preoccupied or consumed him—it was his family and friends that he lived for. He leaves a wife, Bel, and four children.
Comparative Effectiveness of Digital Versus Film-Screen Mammography
Authors: Stephan Imfeld
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Letters7 February 2012Comparative Effectiveness of Digital Versus Film-Screen MammographyStephan Imfeld, MDStephan Imfeld, MDFrom University Hospital, 4054 Basel, Switzerland.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-156-3-201202070-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:I read with interest the recent study by Kerlikowske and colleagues (1), who compared the accuracy of digital mammography with that of film-screen mammography in a large, population-based cohort of community-based imaging facilities.The overall statistics of the main results show a small but statistically significant difference in specificity (0.6%; P < 0.001) and no statistical difference in sensitivity (P = 0.21). Nevertheless, the main focus, as described in the abstract, is a subgroup analysis of the latter, comparing sensitivity for different estrogen-receptor status and age strata without any statistical adjustment for multiple testing.Subgroup analyses of variables with ...References1. Kerlikowske K, Hubbard RA, Miglioretti DL, Geller BM, Yankaskas BC, Lehman CD, et al; Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. Comparative effectiveness of digital versus film-screen mammography in community practice in the United States: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:493-502. [PMID: 22007043] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Bland JM, Altman DG. Multiple significance tests: the Bonferroni method. BMJ. 1995;310:170. [PMID: 7833759] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Perneger TV. What's wrong with Bonferroni adjustments. BMJ. 1998;316:1236-8. [PMID: 9553006] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University Hospital, 4054 Basel, Switzerland.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoComparative Effectiveness of Digital Versus Film-Screen Mammography in Community Practice in the United States Karla Kerlikowske , Rebecca A. Hubbard , Diana L. Miglioretti , Berta M. Geller , Bonnie C. Yankaskas , Constance D. Lehman , Stephen H. Taplin , Edward A. Sickles , and Comparative Effectiveness of Digital Versus Film-Screen Mammography Paul F. Pinsky Comparative Effectiveness of Digital Versus Film-Screen Mammography Karla Kerlikowske and Rebecca Hubbard Comparative Effectiveness of Digital Versus Film-Screen Mammography John D. Keen Metrics 7 February 2012Volume 156, Issue 3Page: 250KeywordsConflicts of interestDigital imagingEpidemiologyEstrogensForecastingHealth information technologyHealth screeningHealth statisticsMammographySpecificity ePublished: 7 February 2012 Issue Published: 7 February 2012 CopyrightCopyright © 2012 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Self‐assembling nanocomposites for protein delivery: Supramolecular interactions between PEG‐cholane and rh‐G‐CSF
Authors: Stefano Salmaso, Sara Bersani, Francesca Mastrotto, Giancarlo Tonon, Rodolfo Schrepfer, Stefano Genovese, Paolo Caliceti
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2012)
Effects of Digitalis on Myocardial Ionic Exchange
Authors: G. A. LANGER
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Prior to consideration of the effects of digitalis compounds on ionic exchange the basic mechanisms of active Na + and K + transport are discussed. It is generally accepted that digitalis is a specific inhibitor of the Na + -K + activated ATPase located primarily in the sarcolemmal membrane. Present evidence supports the concept that positive inotropic effects of digitalis are not seen unless evidence of inhibition of the enzyme and, therefore, of the "Na pump" leads to a small increase of intracellular Na + . This leads to augmented activity of a Na + transport system which is coupled, not to K + , but to Ca + + . Evidence for the existence of Na + -Ca + + coupling at excitable membranes is accumulating, and this is reviewed. The possibility that administration of digitalis, through its inhibition of the Na + -K + coupled system produces an increase in Na + - Ca + + coupled transport and thereby an increase of influx of Ca + + to the myofilaments is discussed and is presented as a possible basis for the mechanism of digitalis action. The toxic electrophysiologic effects of digitalis are discussed in terms of the effects on K + exchange induced by the drug.
Putting PEEP in Perspective
Authors: Sharon Rounds, Jerome S. Brody
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was reported to be useful in the treatment of pulmonary edema in 1938,1 and its use has been widespread since Ashbaugh et al.2 reported that PEEP improved oxygenation in patients with the adult respiratory-distress syndrome. This form of acute lung injury is characterized by pulmonary edema due to increased permeability and by severe hypoxemia and decreased lung compliance. Mortality remains above 50 per cent,3 despite advances in supportive care and considerable research in the past two decades. The mechanism (or mechanisms) of lung injury in the adult respiratory-distress syndrome is nuclear. PEEP has been useful in . . .
For Insulin Infusion: A Miniature Precision Peristaltic Pump and Silicone Rubber Reservoir
Authors: W S Jackman, W Lougheed, E B Marliss, B Zinman, A M Albisser
Journal: Diabetes Care (1980)

This paper describes a miniature precision peristaltic pump and a silicone rubber reservoir developed for the infusion of insulin in diabetic subjects. The ability of the 100-ml reservoir to maintain sterility of its contents over 26 refilling cycles (48 days) is demonstrated. Accelerated bench tests on 10 pumps over 30 days indicate an accuracy of ± 1% on flow rate whether measured over 10 min or 24 h and with or without 1 atm of outlet back pressure. Comparison of calibrations made before and after 58 animal and clinical tests of 6–71 days′ duration showed a percentage difference in calibration that varied with a mean ± SD of 0.05 ± 3.09%. Microscopic examination of pump tube samples after 21 days of clinical use indicated redistribution of surface material without evidence of particle spallation. Samples subjected to accelerated wear equivalent to 620 days of clinical use showed extensive luminal surface modification and particulate deposits on downstream filters. These were identified by X-ray spectroscopy as silicon compounds.
Evidence-based medicines for children: important implications for new therapies at all ages
Authors: A. Bush
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2006)

It has long been known that 50–90% of medications used in children are “off-label” or unlicensed, and this is associated with an increased risk of adverse events 1–14. This means that some of the most vulnerable people in the European Union (EU), sick children, are being treated in a non-evidence-based, unregulated fashion. Even commonly prescribed respiratory medicines, such as short-acting β2-agonists and antipyretics, have not been adequately studied in young children 15. The risks of the present situation include: death or serious adverse events from overdosing; non-availability to children of important medications; under-dosing leading to loss of efficacy; and the use of poor-quality formulae. Side-effects that may not affect adults might be very important in children; the effects of inappropriately prescribed inhaled steroids on growth is well known 16, 17, but could the use of parenteral steroids affect alveolar development in the first 2 years of life 18, 19? Furthermore, there may be fundamental differences between adult and paediatric diseases; several studies have established that adult asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease, but many wheezing phenotypes in early childhood are not inflammatory and are thus poorly responsive to corticosteroids 20–29. Some welcome steps have been taken to address this, with the publication of the evidence-based Medicines for Children by the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health 30, and the first edition of a Paediatric British National Formulary 31 replacing the generic one. However, evidence-based therapeutics requires evidence and this has been lacking.

There are several likely reasons for this scandalous lack of evidence-based paediatric pharmacotherapy. Much paediatric disease improves over time (many wheezing phenotypes 32, for example), whereas adult disease is more often chronic, progressive and requires prescription medicines long term. Thus, there is …
MEDICAL EDUCATION, AND THE LAWS REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE IN TURKEY.
Authors: THOMAS W. KAY
Journal: JAMA (1889)

While the present cry for higher medical education is going on, it may be profitable to consider what is being done in that line in other countries. The condition of medicine in England, France and Germany is well known to most of us; but we are comparatively ignorant of what is being done in Turkey, a country containing an area of about 1,700,000 square miles, and having some 45,000,000 inhabitants. Its medical practitioners are derived from both native and foreign schools, the latter being represented by both Europeans and Americans. All persons holding foreign diplomas must present them at Constantinople to their respective consulates; where, if from reputable colleges, they are vised by the minister. They must then present themselves at the Imperial Medical School, and pass a colloquium in French or Turkish, or through an interpreter, before three or more of the professors, satisfying them that they are vised
Management of Acute Renal Failure
Authors: Robert W. Schrier, Matthew L. Esson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Letters16 September 2003Management of Acute Renal FailureRobert W. Schrier, MD and Matthew L. Esson, MDRobert W. Schrier, MDFrom University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Denver, CO 80262.Search for more papers by this author and Matthew L. Esson, MDFrom University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Denver, CO 80262.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-139-6-200309160-00028 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We coined the term pseudo ARDS to focus on a very common, clinically important situation in intensive care units. A parallel could be made between prolonged prerenal azotemia eventually leading to ischemic ATN. Prolonged pseudo or preadult ARDS may lead to ARDS in association with evidence of pulmonary capillary damage and stiff lungs, as diagnosed clinically by a decrease in pulmonary compliance. We use the term pseudo ARDS or pre-ARDS to describe a clinical syndrome of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in the absence of evidence of decreased pulmonary compliance. We realize that many clinicians group these clinical entities together, ...References1. Sanz E, Lopez Novoa JM, Linares M, Digiuni E, Caramelo CA. Intravascular and interstitial fluid dynamics in rats treated with minoxidil. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1990;15:485-92. [PMID: 1691374] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Miller TR, Anderson RJ, Linas SL, Henrich WL, Berns AS, Gabow PA, . Urinary diagnostic indices in acute renal failure: a prospective study. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:47-50. [PMID: 666184] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Colorado Health Sciences Center; Denver, CO 80262. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoDiagnosis and Treatment of Acute Tubular Necrosis Matthew L. Esson and Robert W. Schrier Management of Acute Renal Failure William L. Jackson Jr. Management of Acute Renal Failure Tihomir Stefanec Management of Acute Renal Failure Thomas E. Finucane Metrics 16 September 2003Volume 139, Issue 6Page: 530-531KeywordsAcute respiratory distress syndromeAlbuminsDeath ratesEdemaIntensive care unitsLungsSepsisSodiumVentilatorsVentilatory support ePublished: 16 September 2003 Issue Published: 16 September 2003 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2003 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A Novel Raji-Burkitt's Lymphoma Model for Preclinical and Mechanistic Evaluation of CD52-Targeted Immunotherapeutic Agents
Authors: Rosa Lapalombella, Xiaobin Zhao, Georgia Triantafillou, Bo Yu, Yan Jin, Gerard Lozanski, Carolyn Cheney, Nyla Heerema, David Jarjoura, Amy Lehman, L. James Lee, Guido Marcucci, Robert J. Lee, Michael A. Caligiuri, Natarajan Muthusamy, John C. Byrd
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: To date, efforts to study CD52-targeted therapies, such as alemtuzumab, have been limited due to the lack of stable CD52 expressing transformed B-cell lines and animal models. We describe generation and utilization of cell lines that stably express CD52 both in vitro and in vivo. Experimental Design: By limiting dilution, we have established several clones of Raji-Burkitt's lymphoma cell line that express surface CD52. Immunophenotype and cytogenetic characterization of these clones was done. In vivo usefulness of the CD52high cell line to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of CD52-directed antibody was investigated using a SCID mouse xenograft model. Results: Stable expression of CD52 was confirmed in cells cultured in vitro up to 52 weeks of continuous growth. The functional integrity of the expressed CD52 molecule was shown using alemtuzumab, which induced cytotoxic effects in vitro in the CD52high but not the CD52low clone. Compared with control antibody, alemtuzumab treatment in CD52high inoculated mice resulted in significantly increased median survival. Comparable levels of CD52-targeted direct cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cytotoxicity and anti-CD52 immunoliposome-mediated delivery of synthetic oligodeoxyribo nucleotides in CD52high clone and primary B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells implicated potential in vivo application of this model for evaluation of CD52-targeted antibody and immunoliposomes encapsulating therapeutic agents. Conclusions: These results show the in vitro utility of the cloned Raji cell lines that stably express high levels CD52. The disseminated leukemia-lymphoma mouse model described herein using these stable cell lines can serve as an excellent system for in vivo therapeutic and mechanistic evaluation of existing and novel antibodies directed against CD52 molecule.