tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 12669: If there is LV Myocardial Fibrosis Should We Expect to Find RV Myocardial Fibrosis? A Cardiovascular MRI Study
Authors: Robert W Biederman, Saundra B Grant, June A Yamrozik, Ronald B Williams, Vikas K Rathi, Mark Doyle
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: CMR has become the leading technique to detect hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) providing complete coverage of both ventricles with high spatial resolution. Late gadolinium enhanceme...
A biological staging model for operable non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: G Cox, J L Jones, A Andi, D A Waller, K J O'Byrne
Journal: Thorax (2001)

BACKGROUND Currently the best prognostic index for operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the TNM staging system. Molecular biology holds the promise of predicting outcome for the individual patient and identifying novel therapeutic targets. Angiogenesis, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and -9, and the erb/HER type I tyrosine kinase receptors are all implicated in the pathogenesis of NSCLC. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 167 patients with resected stage I–IIIa NSCLC and &gt;60 days postoperative survival with a minimum follow up of 2 years was undertaken. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on paraffin embedded sections for the microvessel marker CD34, MMP-2 and MMP-9, EGFR, and c-erbB-2 to evaluate the relationships between and impact on survival of these molecular markers. RESULTS Tumour cell MMP-9 (HR 1.91 (1.23–2.97)), a high microvessel count (HR 1.97 (1.28–3.03)), and stage (stage II HR 1.44 (0.87–2.40), stage IIIa HR 2.21 (1.31–3.74)) were independent prognostic factors. Patients with a high microvessel count and tumour cell MMP-9 expression had a worse outcome than cases with only one (HR 1.68 (1.04–2.73)) or neither (HR 4.43 (2.29–8.57)) of these markers. EGFR expression correlated with tumour cell MMP-9 expression (p&lt;0.001). Immunoreactivity for both of these factors within the same tumour was associated with a poor prognosis (HR 2.22 (1.45–3.41)). CONCLUSION Angiogenesis, EGFR, and MMP-9 expression provide prognostic information independent of TNM stage, allowing a more accurate outcome prediction for the individual patient. The development of novel anti-angiogenic agents, EGFR targeted therapies, and MMP inhibitors suggests that target specific adjuvant treatments may become a therapeutic option in patients with resected NSCLC.
The dynamic changes of amino acid expression profiles in patients with sepsis
Authors: Longxiang Su, Hua Li, Aimei Xie, Kun Xiao, Xin Li, Lixin Xie
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:The metabolic disorders of critical illnesses are highly complex. Objectives:The goal of this work was to explore the dynamic expression profiles of amino acids relates to sepsis patients with the aim of providing guidance for clinical nutrition support therapies. Methods:This study included 35 critically ill patients with sepsis, who were further divided into sepsis (12 cases) and severe sepsis (23 cases) or, alternatively, survivors (20 cases) and non-survivors (15 cases). 14 SIRS patients and 18 health control were also included. The serum samples of the patients were collected on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 following ICU admission, and the expression of 42 amino acids was monitored using a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Results:The metabolism spectrum of the amino acids changed dramatically in patients with sepsis. As the disease progressed further or upon death, the expression levels of different amino acids with time either showed a gradual increase, decrease, or fluctuation in the expression levels. The concentrations of sulfur-containing amino acids, especially taurine, decreased significantly as the severity of sepsis worsened or upon death of the patient. The serum concentrations of the sulfur-containing amino acids and taurine exhibited a weak negative correlation with the SOFA (r=-0.319) and APACHE II (r=-0.325) scores. Conclusions:This study suggested that critically ill patients with disorders of amino acid metabolism, especially sulfur-containing amino acids and taurine. Higher APACHE II and SOFA scores were associated with lower levels of sulfur-containing amino acids and taurine during sepsis. This study may provide the basis for sepsis nutritional support.
Congenital Atresia of Aortic Ring
Authors: Newell Philpott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 November 1928Congenital Atresia of Aortic RingNEWELL PHILPOTT, M.D., C.M.NEWELL PHILPOTT, M.D., C.M.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-5-422 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAll congenital cardiac defects belonging to the cyanotic group, true morbus cæruleus, must be considered as very grave conditions. Perhaps the most serious of this group are those cases showing atresia or aplasia of the valvular orifices on the left side. These individuals usually die during the first few days of life and it is necessary for a compensatory anatomical adaptation to be present in order to maintain life even for a short time.Atresias on the left side have, associated with the anomaly, defects in the ventricular auricular septum, as well as a widely patent ductus Botalli. The left...References ABBOTT ME: Osler's Modern Medicine, 1927, IV, 627. Congenital Cardiac Disease. Google Scholar WARTHIN AS: Jour. Am. Med. Assn., 1912, 58409. Focal Fatty Degeneration of Myocardium Associated with Colonies of Spirochaeta Pallida. Google Scholar VON ZALKA E: Histologische Untersuchugen des Myokards bei kongenitalen Herzvera̋nderungen. Frank. Zeit. fur Pathologie, 1924, XXX, 144. Google Scholar SIMMON : Intercol. Jour. of Austral., February 20, 1906. Google Scholar ABBOTT ME: Blumer's Bedside Diagnosis, 1928, page 430, True "Morbus Cæruleus." Google Scholar PEACOCK TB: Malformations of the Human Heart. 2nd Edit. 1866. Google Scholar REUBEN MS: Congenital Cyanosis and Congenital Heart Disease Without Murmurs. Arch. of Pediatrics, 1922, XXXIX, 811. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*From the Pathological Laboratory, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCoexistent mitral and aortic valve atresia with intact ventricular septum in sibs.Mitral and Aortic Atresia With a Blind Left VentricleAortic atresia a case report and a reviewCongenital atresia of mitral and aortic valves with vestigial left ventricle (three cases)Congenital mitral atresiaCongenital aortic atresiaCongenital aortic and mitral atresiaCongenital atresia of the aortic valve without septal defectA case of congenital aortic atresia 1 November 1928Volume 2, Issue 5Page: 422-427KeywordsResearch laboratories ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cardiac Device Safety
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
298. RNA Mediated Transcriptional Gene Silencing in Human Cells
Authors: Kevin V. Morris, Chris Chung, David J. Looney
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
Silencing of expression produced by small interfering RNA (siRNA) directed against different regions of a lentiviral vector transgene expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) driven by the elongation factor 1 alpha (EF1a) promoter 12 was investigated in transfected and transduced 293FT fibroblasts and human peripheral mononuclear cells. SiRNA directed against exonic sequences significantly reduced expression, including one targeting exon 1 (+10 to +30 relative to the transcriptional start site), and one targeting EGFP coding sequences (+1167 to +1185). Unexpectedly, siRNA directed against intron A (+155 to +175 relative to the transcriptional start site) or targeting the EF1a promoter (−106 to −86 and −25 to −5 start) also silenced EGFP expression. Post-transcriptional gene silencing in human cells has been described to be restricted to the cytoplasm 3, and transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) mediated by RNA interference (RNAi) has not previously been shown to occur in mammalian cells. Silencing of expression could not be attributed to reduced vector transduction, non-specific inhibition of transcription, cytotoxicity, initiation from a cryptic promoter, or aberrant splicing of EGFP mRNA, and was confirmed to occur at the level of transcription by nuclear run-on. Endogenous EF1a expression could inhibited by transfecting siRNA using a reagent (MPG)4w which facilitates nuclear entry. Inhibition of expression and methylation of one site in the promoter was reversible with addition of 5′ azacytidine and trichostatin A. Treatment with siRNA targeting intronic sequences and promoter regions can induce transcriptional gene silencing. Access of siRNA to the nucleus may be key to the observed effects.
Excess Anterior Mitral Leaflet in a Patient With Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy and Systolic Anterior Motion
Authors: Satoshi Numata, Hitoshi Yaku, Kiyoshi Doi, Sachiko Yamazaki, Tsuneyasu Yamamoto, Takuma Kobayashi, Kaichiro Manabe, Kohei Kawazoe
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Who are the carriers of MRSA in the community? A prospective study in the Pays de la Loire region of France
Authors: S. Thibaut, P. Lombrail, J. Caillon, G. Potel, F. Ballereau, D. Lepelletier
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)

The aim of this study was to determine the demographic characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriers in the community, to assess their risk factors and possible past hospitalization history and to describe the different resistance phenotypes of community isolates of S. aureus. Data were collected over the course of 16 months (from June 2005 to September 2006) in the Pays de la Loire region of France by Med-Qual, a network of private biological analysis laboratories. This work was based solely on the analysis of strains isolated in the community as opposed to isolates from private facilities such as nursing homes or hospitals. The antimicrobial susceptibility results for a total of 313 MRSA isolates were included in this study. The isolates were most frequently recovered from skin and soft tissue infections (41.2%), urine (38.3%) and genital samples (8.3%). We distinguished 36 patients without classical risk factors (WRF), such as demographic individual medical, healthcare exposure, carried MRSA, from the other 277 patients with at least one risk factor (RF). WRF MRSA patients were younger than RF patients and an infection was more often found among WRF patients. MRSA strains isolated from RF patients were resistant to ofloxacin in 81.1% of cases, whereas only 50% of the MRSA strains isolated from WRF patients were resistant (p <0.001). Nine resistance phenotypes were observed among the 313 MRSA strains. MRSA resistance profiles in the community have evolved in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to study the resistance phenotypes of the circulating strains in order to adapt therapeutic care in the community.
Abstract 12582: Routine Early Invasive Strategy After Thrombolysis Does Not Reduce Mortality in Patients With ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction: a Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials
Authors: Stavros Stavrakis, Beau Hawkins, Udho Thadani
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention reduces mortality compared to thrombolysis and is the preferred treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), but in the real world many patients are still treated with thrombolysis. Routine early invasive strategy (pharmacoinvasive) after thrombolysis is advocated based on improvement of the composite endpoint of death, reinfarction and recurrent ischemia. It is unclear if this strategy reduces mortality. We performed a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials to evaluate the effect of pharmacoinvasive strategy on the individual endpoints of mortality, reinfarction and recurrent ischemia. Methods: We searched MEDLINE database for studies comparing pharmacoinvasive vs. conventional (ischemia-guided) strategy after thrombolysis for STEMI. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for the respective outcomes using a random effects model. Results: Six trials involving 2,755 patients (1,383 pharmacoi...
Abstract B15: Combination chemotherapy in melanoma using EZH2 inhibitor
Authors: Deepanwita Sengupta, Nathan L. Avaritt, Alan J. Tackett
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Melanoma is the deadliest variety of skin cancer, which according to the American Cancer Society (ACS) will account for around 9710 deaths and diagnosis of around 76,100 new melanoma cases in the current year. According to the ACS, melanoma is also the fastest growing cancer, and hence it is vital to investigate the pathogenesis involved in the advanced stage of melanoma, and design effective therapeutics for its treatment. Aberrant activity of the histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) has been reported to be associated with different types of cancer. The EZH2 catalyzes the deposition of the repressive mark histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) on the promoter of the target genes using the catalytic SET domain, thereby epigenetically silencing the expression of the target genes. This is because the H3K27me3 mark results in chromatin compaction which reduces the accessibility of various transcription factors to the gene, and hence adversely affects transcription. Several of such EZH2 target genes have been found to be tumor suppressor genes like RUNX3, DAB2IP, and E-cadherin, and silencing of such tumor suppressor genes is a chief mechanism by which EZH2 leads to cancer progression. Hence derepression of the tumor suppressor genes by inhibition of EZH2 could be an effective treatment strategy in different types of cancer. There has been no study till date investigating the role of EZH2 in melanoma. Our laboratory is investigating the role of EZH2 in the pathogenesis involved in the advanced stage of melanoma, to enable the design of effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of melanoma. Drugs targeting epigenetic modifiers are becoming increasingly popular because of the fact that most epigenetic modifications and their effects can be reversed using these drugs. Our lab has strong evidence that metastatic (or advanced) melanoma is associated with upregulation of EZH2 and H3K27me3. We have also observed that EZH2 inhibition inhibits proliferation and invasion, and also induces apoptosis in metastatic melanoma cells. Recently our lab is performing combination chemotherapeutic studies in vitro, where EZH2 inhibitor GSK126 (S-adenosyl-methionine competitive inhibitor) is being used in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics like cisplatin and Bcl-2 inhibitors. Our results strongly suggest that when EZH2 inhibitor is used in combination with cisplatin or Bcl-2 inhibitor in metastatic melanoma cell lines, the inhibition is synergistic. This synergistic effect of GSK126 and cisplatin or Bcl-2 inhibitor has been found to be caspase-mediated. Citation Format: Deepanwita Sengupta, Nathan L. Avaritt, Alan J. Tackett. Combination chemotherapy in melanoma using EZH2 inhibitor. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B15.
A Robertsonian Type of Chromosomal Change in L4946 Mouse Ascites Lymphoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S. Ohno, E. T. Kovacs, R. Kinosita
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

L4946 ascites lymphoma of AKR mice had maintained the karyotype consisting of 41 acrocentric chromosomes for 18 months in our laboratory. Suddenly a large mediocentric chromosome and a heterochromatic minute were formed, apparently at the expense of two acrocentric chromosomes, providing a classic example of a Robertsonian relationship manifesting itself within the neoplastic cell population of a transplantable tumor. The sensitivity to breakage of centromeric heterochromatic regions of the acrocentric chromosomes has been considered as a cause of this type of karyological evolution.
Abstract 14658: Comparative Effectiveness of Torsemide versus Furosemide in Acute Heart Failure Patients: Insights from ASCEND-HF
Authors: Robert J Mentz, Vic Hasselblad, Adam D DeVore, Paul W Armstrong, Justin A Ezekowitz, W.H. Wilson Tang, Adriaan A Voors, Marco Metra, Adrian F Hernandez, Robert M Califf, Kevin J Anstrom, Eric J Velazquez, Christopher M O’Connor
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Furosemide is the most commonly used loop diuretic in heart failure (HF) patients despite potential pharmacologic and anti-fibrotic benefits with torsemide. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that the comparative benefits of post-discharge use of torsemide would be superior to furosemide in a large acute HF trial. Methods: We investigated HF patients in ASCEND-HF who were discharged on either torsemide or furosemide. Given regional variation in torsemide use, we restricted analyses to the 6 countries with at least 20 patients on one of the diuretics and patients on torsemide. Using inverse probability weighting (IPW) to account for selection of diuretic, we assessed the relationship between diuretic at discharge with 30-day mortality or HF hospitalization, and 30- and 180-day mortality. Results: Of 7,141 patients in the trial, 3,282 patients were included in this analysis, of which, 88% (n=2,893) received furosemide and 12% (n=389) received torsemide. Torsemide-treated patients had lower blood pressure, and higher creatinine and BUN at baseline compared with furosemide-treated patients. On adjusted analysis, torsemide use was associated with a trend toward lower 30-day mortality or HF hospitalization (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.37-1.04; P=0.067). Torsemide was associated with similar 30-day mortality (OR 0.77, 95% CI: 0.28-2.09; P=0.60), and significantly reduced 180-day mortality (HR 0.56, 95% CI: 0.36-0.87; P=0.038) compared with furosemide (Figure). Conclusion: In this acute HF trial, a minority of patients received torsemide and commonly had indicators of higher risk. After risk-adjustment, torsemide was associated with lower risk of 180-day mortality. These data should be considered as hypothesis-generating and prospective, randomized comparative effectiveness trials are needed to investigate the optimal diuretic choice between torsemide vs. furosemide.
A review of monochromatic excimer light in vitiligo
Authors: K.K. Park, W. Liao, J.E. Murase
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Phototherapy is a mainstay of vitiligo treatment and has varying rates of efficacy. Narrowband ultraviolet (UV) B (NB-UVB) and UVA have been used for decades, but it is only recently that monochromatic excimer light (MEL) was developed for use in dermatology and adapted for the treatment of vitiligo. The specific 308-nm radiation wavelength is delivered in a targeted form by the xenon-chloride excimer laser and is also available in an incoherent form that is commonly referred to as the excimer lamp. MEL administered by both laser and lamp has shown efficacy superior to NB-UVB for the treatment of vitiligo and induces more changes at the cellular level than conventional UVB modalities. The excimer laser is effective in adults and children with vitiligo in all skin types as monotherapy or in combination with other established vitiligo therapeutics. Treatment regimens studied included excimer laser two to three times weekly for up to 36 weeks. Patients commonly achieved > 75% repigmentation. The laser has also been used in combination with topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and vitamin D analogues, as well as surgery, thus further expanding treatment options for patients with vitiligo. The excimer lamp has been used for treatments one to three times a week for up to 24 weeks and was found to be equal to excimer laser in a head-to-head comparison. It has also been used in combination with topical corticosteroids and oral vitamin E. Both MEL modalities have a limited adverse side-effect profile. Long-term effects are yet to be determined; however, based on available data on UVB phototherapy as well as the properties of MEL devices, there is probably only a minimal increased malignancy risk.
Abstract 17075: Outcomes in Radiation Associated Cardiac Disease Patients that present with Coronary Artery Disease: Comparison between PCI and CABG
Authors: Ahmad Masri, Reed Grant, Stephen Ellis, Nicholas G Smedira, Bruce W Lytle, Brian P Griffin, Milind Y Desai
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Radiation associated cardiac disease (RACD) patients have a characteristic presentation, including aggressive coronary artery disease (CAD), observed years after index radiation for thoracic malignancy; &amp; portends a worse prognosis, as compared to matched controls. In patients with prior thoracic radiation &amp; obstructive CAD, we sought to compare outcomes between those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) vs. coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods: We studied 267 consecutive patients with prior thoracic malignancy (including 58% breast &amp; 20% Hodgkin’s) &amp; thoracic radiation (25 % to right breast, 30% to left breast, 45% to mediastinum) who presented for treatment of RACD manifesting as advanced CAD (138 for PCI &amp; 129 for CABG) between 1994-2013 (excluding those with known CAD prior to radiation or concomitant valvular disease). Clinical, angiographic &amp; echo data were recorded. Mortality was recorded (including due to recurrent malignancy). Results: Clinical data of 2 groups are shown in the Table. At 9±5 years of follow-up, there were 58 (22%) deaths (17 due to recurrent malignancy). On stepwise multivariable Cox Proportional Hazard Analysis, Euroscore (Hazard ratio [HR] 1.28 [1.13-1.45], p&lt;0.001 was the only significant predictor of cardiac deaths. There was no difference in cardiac deaths between PCI vs. CABG (HR 1.40 [0.73-2.70], p=0.3).A higher % of patients with known recurrent malignancy underwent PCI as opposed to CABG; &amp; died during follow-up (11% vs 2%, p&lt;0.001).Higher % of patients in the PCI group had a repeat PCI during follow-up, vs. CABG group (11% vs. 5% p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Patients with prior thoracic radiation &amp; suspected RACD, the majority of whom are females, have a varied presentation for CAD (including a high % with proximal disease). Long-term survival from cardiac death is similar in PCI vs. CABG groups. RACD patients that have recurrent malignancy tend to have more PCI than CABG for relief of symptomatic CAD.