tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 14007: Insulin Resistance Expressed by Homa2 Predicts Risk for Recurrent Coronary Events in Post Infarction Patients
Authors: Barbara Szepietowska, Valentina Kutyifa, Scott McNitt, Daniel H Ryan, James P Corsetti, Charles Sparks, Arthur Moss, Wojciech Zareba
Journal: Circulation (2014)

We investigated risk for recurrent coronary events associated with insulin resistance in post infarction patients from the Thrombogenic Factors and Recurrent Coronary Events (THROMBO) study. The association between insulin resistance expressed by Homeostatic Model Assessment 2 for Insulin Resistance (HOMA2-IR) and risk for recurrent coronary events was investigated in a cohort of 1,035 patients evaluated 2 months after myocardial infarction with an average follow-up of 26 months. The end point for the study was recurrent coronary event defined as death, nonfatal myocardial infarction and unstable angina whichever occurred first. We used time dependent survival analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression method to determine the association between HOMA2 categorized as high &gt;75th percentile and endpoints after adjustment for relevant clinical covariates. High HOMA2-IR defined as in fourth quartile(&gt; 2.4) was associated with increased risk for recurrent coronary events (hazard ratio [HR] 1.54; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.10-2.14; P &lt;0.01) after adjustment for: age, gender, diabetes, prior myocardial infarction, pulmonary congestion on chest roentgenogram, ejection fraction&lt; 0.3, PTCA and CABG. The interaction between HOMA2-IR and diabetes status regarding recurrent coronary events was not statistically significant. The highest risk of cardiac events was observed in non-obese patients (BMI&lt;=30kg/m2) with high HOMA2-IR (hazard ratio [HR] 1.55; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.23; P &lt;0.05). Patients with High HOMA2-IR had higher plasma level of fibrinogen, PAI-1, von Willebrand factor, triglyceride and apolipoprotein B. Insulin resistance predicts recurrence of coronary events in post-infarction population. HOMA2-IR and BMI are useful parameters in clinical practice to stratify risk. Multilevel intervention to increase insulin sensitivity in people after myocardial infarction may modify clinical outcome.
Developmental plasticity of red blood cell homeostasis
Authors: Mari S. Golub, Casey E. Hogrefe, Roy Malka, John M. Higgins
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Most human physiologic set points like body temperature are tightly regulated and show little variation between healthy individuals. Red blood cell (RBC) characteristics such as hematocrit and mean cell volume are stable within individuals but can vary by 20% from one healthy person to the next. The mechanisms for the majority of this inter‐individual variation are unknown and do not appear to involve common genetic variation. Here, we show that environmental conditions present during development, namely in utero iron availability, can exert long‐term influence on a set point related to the RBC life cycle. In a controlled study of rhesus monkeys and a retrospective study of humans, we use a mathematical model of in vivo RBC population dynamics to show that in utero iron deficiency is associated with a lowered threshold for RBC clearance and turnover. This in utero effect is plastic, persisting at least 2 years after birth and after the cessation of iron deficiency. Our study reports a rare instance of developmental plasticity in the human hematologic system and also shows how mathematical modeling can be used to identify cellular mechanisms involved in the adaptive control of homeostatic set points. Am. J. Hematol. 89:459–466, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Genome-scale definition of the transcriptional programme associated with compromised PU.1 activity in acute myeloid leukaemia
Authors: J I Sive, S Basilico, R Hannah, S J Kinston, F J Calero-Nieto, B Göttgens
Journal: Leukemia (2015)

Transcriptional dysregulation is associated with haematological malignancy. Although mutations of the key haematopoietic transcription factor PU.1 are rare in human acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), they are common in murine models of radiation-induced AML, and PU.1 downregulation and/or dysfunction has been described in human AML patients carrying the fusion oncogenes RUNX1-ETO and PML-RARA. To study the transcriptional programmes associated with compromised PU.1 activity, we adapted a Pu.1-mutated murine AML cell line with an inducible wild-type PU.1. PU.1 induction caused transition from leukaemia phenotype to monocytic differentiation. Global binding maps for PU.1, CEBPA and the histone mark H3K27Ac with and without PU.1 induction showed that mutant PU.1 retains DNA-binding ability, but the induction of wild-type protein dramatically increases both the number and the height of PU.1-binding peaks. Correlating chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) Seq with gene expression data, we found that PU.1 recruitment coupled with increased histone acetylation induces gene expression and activates a monocyte/macrophage transcriptional programme. PU.1 induction also caused the reorganisation of a subgroup of CEBPA binding peaks. Finally, we show that the PU.1 target gene set defined in our model allows the stratification of primary human AML samples, shedding light on both known and novel AML subtypes that may be driven by PU.1 dysfunction.
The Concern for Supply-Sensitive Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Care
Authors: Aaron E. Carroll
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
COMPLETE TRANSPOSITION OF THE ARTERIAL TRUNKS WITH CLOSED INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUM
Authors: James W. Mcelroy, John P. Davis, Robin P. Michelson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

Case Reports1 August 1947COMPLETE TRANSPOSITION OF THE ARTERIAL TRUNKS WITH CLOSED INTERVENTRICULAR SEPTUMJAMES W. MCELROY, JOHN P. DAVIS, ROBIN P. MICHELSONJAMES W. MCELROYSearch for more papers by this author, JOHN P. DAVISSearch for more papers by this author, ROBIN P. MICHELSONSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-27-2-308 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince Abbott's1clinical classification of congenital anomalies of the heart, much interest has been manifested in the diagnosis and specific anatomical defects of these conditions. On a clinical basis she has classified these anomalies into three great groups, as follows: (1) Acyanotic group—cases without abnormal communication between the two sides of the heart, (2) cyanosis tardive group—cases of arterial-venous shunt with transient or terminal reversal of flow, and (3) cyanotic group—cases of venous-arterial shunt. It is the latter, the cyanotic group, into which the anomaly of transposition of the great vessels falls. Since our discussion will be concerned mainly with...Bibliography1. ABBOTT ME: Congenital cardiac diseases, Osler's Modern Medicine (McCrea), Second Edition, 1915, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, iv, 342-343. Google Scholar2. KATO K: Congenital transposition of cardiac vessels—a clinical and pathological study Am. Jr. Dis. Child., 1930, xxxix, 363. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. TAUSSIG HB: Complete transposition of the great vessels, Am. Heart Jr., 1938, xvi, 728. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. JOHNSON CP: Cyanosis produced by transposition of the orifices of the aorta and pulmonary artery, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1850, xx, 270. Google Scholar5. ABBOTTDAWSON MEWT: The clinical classification of congenital cardiac disease, with remarks upon its pathological anatomy, diagnosis and treatment, Internat. Clin., 1924, iv, 156-158. Google Scholar6. UHLEY MH: Lutenbacher's syndrome and a new concept of the dynamics of interatrial septal defects, Am. Heart Jr., 1942, xxiv, 315-328. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. WHITE PD: Heart disease, Third Edition, 1944, Macmillan Co., New York, 277-280. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication December 10, 1945. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1947Volume 27, Issue 2Page: 308-316KeywordsCongenital disordersCongenital heart defectsFallsHeart ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1947 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 3350: Long-Term Outcomes After Drug-Eluting Stenting of Bifurcation Lesions With the Simultaneous Kissing Stents (SKS) Technique
Authors: Samin K Sharma, Madhu Prattipati, Angelica M Mares, Oana C Ivan, Vatsal Inamdar, Michael C Kim, Annapoorna S Kini
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) of bifurcation lesions using simultaneous kissing stents (SKS) technique have shown to have good short-term and mid-term results. Limited data are available regarding long-term outcome with this strategy. Methods: We analyzed the long-term outcome of 300 consecutive patients treated with drug-eluting stenting using SKS technique for 305 de novo bifurcation lesions. Cypher stents were used in 265 lesions and Taxus stents were used in 40 lesions, from May 2003 to September 2006 at Mount Sinai Hospital. Clinical follow-up was obtained in 98.6%. All pts were given Aspirin and Plavix 75 mg daily for one year and GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 72% of cases. Results: Overall procedural success was 99% for main vessel (MV) and 98% for side-branch (SB), with one case of intra-procedural stent thrombosis of left main bifurcation. 30-day MACE (MI, death, repeat target vascularization or stent thrombosis) occurred in 5% of cases. Long-term follow-up results at a mean of 14 ± 5 months are shown in the Table . Overall incidence of stent thrombosis was 1.7% (1.5% for Cypher vs. 2.5% for Taxus). Multivariate predictors of TVR were left main (LM) intervention (odds ratio [OR] 4.97; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.00 to 12.37, p = 0.01) and diabetes mellitus (OR 4.21; 95% CI 1.15 to 18.56, p = 0.04) and of follow-up MACE were LM intervention (OR 3.79; 95% CI 1.76 to 8.14, p = 0.01) and acute MI (OR 3.24; 95% CI 0.95 to 15.32, p = 0.02). Conclusions: The SKS technique for bifurcation lesions using Cypher or Taxus DES is associated with long-term favorable outcomes in this complex, high-risk PCI group. Delayed stent thrombosis with dual antiplatelet therapy remains within acceptable limits. Further work is needed to lower the event rates in some specific subgroups such as LM lesions and AMI settings (perhaps by IVUS guidance and Plavix 75 mg twice a day).
PAIN MECHANISMS AND THE FRONTAL LOBES: A STUDY OF PREFRONTAL LOBOTOMY FOR INTRACTABLE PAIN
Authors: W FREEMAN, J W WATTS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Article1 April 1948PAIN MECHANISMS AND THE FRONTAL LOBES: A STUDY OF PREFRONTAL LOBOTOMY FOR INTRACTABLE PAINWALTER FREEMAN, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.P., JAMES W. WATTS, M.D., F.A.C.S.WALTER FREEMAN, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES W. WATTS, M.D., F.A.C.S.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-28-4-747 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPhilosophers may argue as to whether pain is a sensation or an emotion. As a sensation it has a threshold, a quality and a localization. Pathways for the transmission of pain run together with the pathways for temperature sensation within the central nervous system. Interruption of these pathways abolishes at least some aspects of pain, while other aspects may be even exaggerated.On the other hand, pain is an emotion, vaguely to acutely uncomfortable, like fear, disgust and sadness or longing. It has a pervasive, insinuating, all-encompassing manner of concentrating the attention on the affected part and of arresting other...Bibliography1. WATTSFREEMAN JWW: Unbearable pain relieved by brain surgery, Science News Letter, 1945, xlviii, 388. Google Scholar2. FREEMANWATTS WJW: Prefrontal lobotomy. Survey of 331 cases, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1946, ccxi, 1. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. POPPEN JE: Prefrontal lobotomy for intractable pain; case report, Lahey Clin. Bull., 1946, iv, 205. Google Scholar4. FREEMANWATTS WJW: Psychosurgery, in SPIEGEL, E.: Progr. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1946, i. Google Scholar5. FREEMANWATTS WJW: Pain of organic disease relieved by prefrontal lobotomy, Lancet, 1946, ii, 953. Also Proc. Roy. Soc. Med., 1946, xxxix, 445. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. WATTSFREEMAN JWW: Psychosurgery for the relief of unbearable pain, Jr. Internat. Coll. Surg., 1946, ix, 679. Google Scholar7. HORRAX G: Experiences with cortical excisions for relief of intractable pain in the extremities, Surgery, 1946, xx, 593. Google Scholar8. VAN WAGENEN WP: Observations on changes in states of mental depression and tension following surgical section of certain frontal lobe pathways, Surgery, 1946, xx, 656. Google Scholar9. OLIVECRONA H: The surgery of pain (in press). Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Washington, D. C.*Presented at the Twenty-Eighth Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, Chicago, May 2, 1947.From the Department of Neurology and Neurological Surgery, George Washington University. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1948Volume 28, Issue 4Page: 747-754KeywordsAttentionEmotionsFearFrontal lobe ePublished: 14 March 2020 Issue Published: 1 April 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 17053: Prediction of Cardiovascular Disease in the Framingham Offspring Study
Authors: Ernst J Schaefer, Bela F Asztalos, Charles C White, Masumi Ai, Seiko Otokozawa, Katsuyuki Nakajima, Katalin Horvath, Peter W Wilson, L Adrienne Cupples
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death and disability. Risk factors for CVD have been defined by the recent cholesterol guidelines panel as male gender, and increased age, blood pressure, and total cholesterol, as well as blood pressure treatment, current cigarette smoking, diabetes, and decreased high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Our goal was to develop an improved model for predicting CVD risk over 10 years in middle aged male subjects in order to be able to identify high risk subjects. Methods: Using plasma or serum samples obtained from male subjects after an overnight fast who were participants in cycle 6 of the Framingham Offspring Study, we measured: C reactive protein (CRP), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, total cholesterol, direct low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), lipoprotein(a), and apolipoprotein (apo) A-I content of HDL particles as separated by two dimensional gel electrophoresis. Blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, history of diabetes, and use of blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose lowering medications was also assessed. Follow-up information including CVD status over a median of 12.3 years was available for 1,083 men, mean age 59 years and without CVD at onset, of whom 207 (19.1%) developed CVD. A model was developed to predict new onset CVD using only those variables that provided significant information in a stepwise logistic regression analysis to calculate the area under the curve (AROC) and C statistic. Results: The following variables entered the model and provided an overall C statistic of 0.73: 1. age, 2. blood pressure treatment, 3. Lp(a), 4. sdLDL-C, 5. ApoA-I in large α-1 HDL, 6. smoking, and 7. diabetes. This model was significantly superior to a model using the standard risk factors or one also using CRP (C statistic 0.68). Conclusions: Our data indicates that the measurement of LDL and HDL subfraction and Lp(a) provides significant additional information about CVD risk as compared to standard risk assessment which assesses only total cholesterol and HDL-C.
Abstract MP24: Urinary Potassium Excretion and Risk of Developing Hypertension
Authors: Lyanne M Kieneker, Ron T Gansevoort, Edith J Feskens, Johanna M Geleijnse, Gerjan Navis, Stephan J Bakker, Michel M Joosten
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Potassium supplementation lowers blood pressure (BP) in randomized controlled trials, but the long-term effect of dietary potassium intake on risk of hypertension has not yet been established. Objective: To examine the association of 24h urinary excretions of potassium, reflecting dietary uptake, with risk of hypertension. Methods: We used data from the Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-Stage Disease (PREVEND) study, a prospective, community-based, observational cohort of Dutch men and women aged 28-75 years. Potassium excretion was measured at baseline (1997-98) and during follow-up (2001-03) in two consecutive 24h urine specimens. Risk of hypertension (defined as BP ≥140/90 mmHg, or initiation of BP-lowering drugs) was studied in 5,511 normotensive subjects not using BP-lowering drugs at baseline. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analysis with time-dependent covariates. Results: Baseline median potassium excretion was 72 mmol/24h (Q1-Q3: 57-85 mmol/24h). During a median follow-up of 7.6 years (Q1-Q3: 5.0-9.3 years), 1172 subjects developed hypertension. We observed a nonlinear association between potassium excretion and risk of hypertension (P=0.005; Figure ). This association was in such a way that the lowest sex-specific tertile of potassium excretion (men: &lt;68 mmol/24h; women: &lt;58 mmol/24h) had an increased risk of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR], 1.22; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.37) after adjustment for age and sex, compared to the upper two tertiles. Further adjustment for body mass index, smoking status, alcohol intake, parental history of hypertension (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.11-1.41), and additionally for 24h urinary excretions of sodium, magnesium, and calcium (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.08-1.40) did not materially affect the association. Conclusions: In this population-based cohort, low potassium excretion was associated with an increased risk of developing hypertension. Figure: Association between 24h urinary potassium excretion and risk of hypertension.
Study on inhibition of artemether on brain glioma growth and angiogenesis in SD rat
Authors: Zhu Qishun, Wu Zhi-Ping, Gao Cheng-Wei, Wu Yong-Gui, Wang Xi-Cai, Liu Xin, Liu Chuen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

A38    Background and Objectives: Artemether(Artm), one of the derivatives of artemisinin, is significantly effective against both Plasmodium falciparum and cerebral malaria. Much experimental evidence has shown artemisinin and its derivates have the significant anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis effective. In the present research, base on artemisinin and its derivates have been the significant anti-tumor and anti-angiogenesis effective and characteristic of pass through blood-brain barrier, to explore the inhibitive effect of artemether on glioma growth and angiogenesis in brain tumor bearing SD rat.  Methods:  48 (24 male and 24 female) SD rat which was subcutaneous planted with SD rat C6 glioma cell (1 x 10 6 /μL) in cerebral cortex were divided resourcefully into 6 groups, each group was 8 rats. Group I, Artm 33.3mg/(kg.d) oral; group II, Artm 50mg/(kg.d) oral; group III, Artm 66.6mg/(kg.d) oral; group IV, Artm 50mg/(kg.d)+ ferrous sulfate 1.5mg/( kg.d) oral; groupV, positive control Lomustine 20mg/(kg.d)oral and groupVI, blank control normal saline as oral. Treatment started on day 3 and continued until day 10 and SD rats had been died on day 20. Whole brain was fixed through alive heart to pour into 4% paraformaldehyde. The length-path and short-path of tumor each rat was measured by staff gauge in vertical and horizontal. Volume of tumor was calculated following formula: V (mm 3 ) = a 2 bπ6 (a: short-path, b: length-path). Micro-vascular dense (MVD) was observed and countered under the microscopy by immunohistory chemistry.  Results:  Inhibitive rates of Artemether at different dosages were 54.5%,61.0%,64.5%and 69.8% respectively, and different experiment groups compared with blank control normal saline had significant difference ( P  =0.000 respectively); Compared among experiment groups, there was no significant difference ( P >0.05)except groupIand IV had significant difference( P   P   P   P  P  P  P  Conclusions:  Artemether has inhibitive effect to brain glioma growth in SD rat; Combination artemether with ferrous sulfate can significantly increase the inhibition effect. Artemether can prolong middle survival of SD rat which was subcutaneous planted with glioma in cerebral cortex. Meanwhile, there is significant inhibitory effects of Artmeter on  brain glioma angiogenesis in SD rat in same arrange dosage.
Cord blood and adult endothelial stem/progenitor cells are highly X-ray sensitive but their mode of cell death is both dose and age dependent
Authors: Marc Mendonca, Helen Chin-Sinex, Ryan Dhaemers, Laura Mead, Merv Yoder, David Ingram
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

4619   The ability to isolate and characterize endothelial stem/progenitors should lead to a better understanding of their role in radiation-induced tumor response and normal tissue injury. We have characterized the X-ray sensitivity of four high proliferative potential endothelial stem/progenitor cell isolates from cord blood (CBM4, CBF10) and from adult peripheral blood (EPC060805 and LM2). Irradiation with 160 kVp X-rays revealed these cells to be all equally and highly radiation sensitive with 3 Gy killing > 90% of the cells, without the induction of apoptosis. However, at high radiation doses (10Gy or greater) despite extensive and equal cell killing, the cord blood endothelial progenitors underwent substantial apoptosis but the adult endothelial progenitors did not. In addition, after 10 Gy, a stabilization of DNA damage response p53 protein and an increase in the proapoptoic Bax protein were observed only in the cord blood endothelial progenitors. Furthermore, recent studies reveal that after 10 Gy instead of apoptosis the adult endothelial progenitors undergo radiation-induced senescence. Cell cycle and Western analysis revealed evidence of cell cycle checkpoints induction in both the cord blood and adult endothelial progenitors. The data indicate that while these endothelial progenitor cells are equally radiation sensitive their mode of cell death is dose and age dependent, and appears independent of cell cycle checkpoint function.