tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP31: The Web-based Automated Self-administered 24-hour Dietary Recall Performs Similarly to a Traditional Interviewer-administered 24-hour Dietary Recall
Authors: Amy F Subar, Sharon I Kirkpatrick, Francis E Thompson, Beth Mittl, Sujata Dixit-Joshi, Thea P Zimmerman, Deirdre Douglass, Nancy Potischman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Two studies were conducted to evaluate the National Cancer Institute (NCI)’s web-based Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Recall (ASA24) system, which was developed to facilitate the collection of 24-hour dietary recalls in large-scale research. Hypothesis: Energy, nutrient and food group estimates, response rates, and preferences are comparable between ASA24 and USDA’s interviewer-administered Automated Multiple-Pass Method (AMPM). Methods: Study 1 assessed the response rates and data collected using ASA24 compared to AMPM. About 1200 participants were recruited from three integrated health systems using quota sampling to ensure representation of a range of ages and race/ethnicity groups. Participants were asked to complete two 24HRs, 4-7 weeks apart, and randomized into four study groups: 1) two ASA24s; 2) two AMPMs; 3) ASA24 first and AMPM second; and 4) AMPM first and ASA24 second. Study 2 assessed the validity of ASA24 compared to AMPM in a one-day feeding study. Eighty-one participants visited a study center to consume three meals from a buffet. All containers were unobtrusively weighed before and after each participant served him/herself; plate waste was also weighed. The next day, participants returned to the center to complete either ASA24 or AMPM. Results: Study 1: Almost all enrolled participants (95%) completed at least one recall and 80% completed two; response rates did not differ by recall mode. Estimated intakes of energy, nutrients and food groups were comparable for ASA24 and AMPM; for example, energy, 2132 vs. 2126 kcal; fat, 84.9 vs. 82.8 g; saturated fatty acids, 27.9 vs. 26.9 g; fiber, 18.4 vs. 18.4 g; and fruits and vegetables, 3.0 vs. 3.1 cup equivalents. Of participants randomized to complete one ASA24 and one AMPM, a greater percentage preferred ASA24. Study 2: The examination of foods and drinks reported showed that exact or close matches were recalled for 76.9% of items truly consumed among ASA24 respondents compared to 82.5% among AMPM respondents. Far matches were reported for 3.1% of items consumed among ASA24 respondents compared to 0.7% for AMPM. The proportions of foods or drinks consumed but not reported (exclusions) were 20.4% and 16.8% for ASA24 and AMPM, respectively. Median differences between reported and true intakes for energy, nutrient and most food groups were not significantly different between ASA24 and AMPM. Conclusion: ASA24 performs well relative to traditional interviewer-administered recalls and is feasible for use in large-scale research. The tool, which offers significant savings over interviewer-administered recalls, is publicly available from NCI and has been used in over 800 studies to collect over 113,000 dietary recalls. The tool is currently being updated to run on mobile applications.
Abstract #5558: Translation initiation factor eIF4E increases during uterine cervical cancer progression to metastasis and is correlated with cell proliferation
Authors: Julia Carter, Jeremy Graff, James Schaeper, Diana Nardini, Matthew Love, Bruce Colligan, James Deddens, Larry Douglass
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

The eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is frequently overexpressed in human cancers. In experimental models, enhanced eIF4E function selectively increases translation of mRNAs involved in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and cell survival, thereby driving cellular transformation, tumorigenesis and metastatic progression. Here we examined expression of eIF4E in relation to cell proliferation during tumor progression in human uterine cervical cancer. Archived tissues (N=229) from 121 patients were studied by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using mouse monoclonal antibodies to eIF4E and Ki 67. The series of archived tissues included normal tissues from patients with and without cancer, mild dysplasia (CIN), carcinoma in situ (CIS), invasive cervical cancer (CxCa) and metastatic CxCa. Both cytoplasmic and nuclear eIF4E stain was evaluated semi-quantitatively for the stain intensity (I) and area of tissue stained (A) and the histoscores (HS) were calculated (HS = I x A). Proliferation was quantified by counting Ki 67 labeled nuclei in ten 40X microscopic fields per specimen. The significance of the difference in means between stages of tumor progression was determined by differences of least squares means using the Tukey-Kramer adjustment. The Spearman Correlations were determined for the relationship between proliferating cells/field and eIF4E staining, as well as between these markers and tumor progression. In normal cervix, Ki 67 labeling was predominantly in the parabasal layer (with a few stained nuclei in the basal layer). eIF4E stain was predominantly in the parabasal layer, with some stain also in the basal and intermediate cell layers. In CIS, Ki 67 labeling and eIF4E staining were found scattered throughout the entire thickness of the epithelium. In invasive and metastatic CxCa, Ki 67 labeling and eIF4E staining were found uniformly throughout the tumors. The Spearman Correlation p- values were <0.0001 for correlations between CxCa progression and cytoplasmic eIF4E histoscores and between CxCa progression and proliferating cells/field. Proliferating cells/field and eIF4E were also highly correlated (p<0.0001). Proliferating cells/field, as well as both nuclear and cytoplasmic eIF4E stain were significantly increased in invasive and metastatic CxCa compared to normal tissue (p<0.0001). Because of the strong association of eIF4E with cell proliferation, as well as with progression of cervical cancer to metastasis, these data strongly support the notion that eIF4E could be a therapeutic target for treatment of advanced CxCa.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 5558.
Th17 cells: new players in asthma pathogenesis
Authors: L. Cosmi, F. Liotta, E. Maggi, S. Romagnani, F. Annunziato
Journal: Allergy (2011)

CD4+ T effector lymphocytes are distinguished in different subsets on the basis of their patterns of cytokine secretion. Th1 cells, thank to IFN-γ production, are responsible for cell-mediated immunity against intracellular pathogens, Th2 cells, through the production of IL-4, provide some degree of protection against helminthes, and Th17 cells, via IL-17, promote neutrophils recruitment for the clearance of bacteria and fungi. However, beyond their protective role, these T-helper subsets can also be involved in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. Asthma is an inflammatory disease characterized by different clinical phenotypes. Allergic asthma is the result of an inflammatory process driven by allergen-specific Th2 lymphocytes, whereas Th17 cells are mainly involved in those forms of asthma, where neutrophils more than eosinophils, contribute to the inflammation. The identification in allergic asthma of Th17/Th2 cells, able to produce both IL-4 and IL-17, is in keeping with the observation that different clinical phenotypes can coexist in the same patient. In conclusion, a picture in which different T-cell subpopulations are active in different phase of bronchial asthma is emerging, and the wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes is probably the expression of different cellular characters playing a role in lung inflammation.
REMISSION IN DISSEMINATED COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS PRODUCED BY AMPHOTERICIN B
Authors: John A. Colwell
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1959)

Excerpt Therapy has not previously altered the relentless progression of disseminated coccidioidomycosis. More than 50% mortality1 continues despite treatment with a variety of agents.2, 4 In the last year a new antibiotic, amphotericin B,† has been released to clinical investigators. In vitro studies3, 4 have shown good antifungal properties of this Streptomyces derivative. Encouraging results have been described in studies with animals.5, 6, 7, 8 Several reports4, 9-16 of effectiveness in disseminated coccidioidomycosis have recently appeared. The present paper describes a mycologic and clinical remission in a case of disseminated coccidioidomycosis produced by prolonged intravenous therapy with amphotericin B. CASE REPORT
Abstract 11236: Prevalence and Risk Factors of Catheterization-Related Cerebral Infarction: Evaluation at Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Yusuke Morita, Takao Kato, Moritoshi Funasako, Eisaku Nakane, Shoichi Miyamoto, Toshiaki Izumi, Tetsuya Haruna, Moriaki Inoko
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Due to improvements of catheter design and approach, catheterization-related cerebral infarctions are expected to decrease, whereas this may be counterbalanced by increased risk profile of patients who undergo catheterization. Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and risk factors of symptomatic and asymptomatic catheterization-related cerebral infarctions in the contemporary era, using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods and Results: We retrospectively analyzed 84 patients who underwent 1237 diagnostic and interventional catheterization procedures conducted within 2010 and 2011 in our hospital and who obtained the MRI within 14 days after catheterization. Among these, 10 patients developed a neurological event underwent MRI for suspected cerebral infarction (group A), whereas 74 patients were asymptomatic and underwent MRI for various reasons (group B); 52% of patients for the assessment before coronary bypass or surgery of aortic valve, 19% for the systemic vascular assessment for atherosclerotic diseases, and 28% for other reasons. The MRI revealed a fresh cerebral infarction in 5 patients in group A and 22 patients (29.7%) in group B. In patients with infarct lesions, more number of catheters were used (p=0.01), the intravascular procedure was longer (mean ± SEM, 17.1 ± 1.7 minutes vs. 22.7 ± 2.4 minutes, p=0.06), and the mean age tended to be higher (mean ± SEM, 74.1 ± 1.67 vs. 70.4 ± 1.1, p=0.07). The features of infarction were as follows: 62.9% of patients had multiple lesions and relatively small lesions in asymptomatic patients compared to those in symptomatic patients. Conclusions: Symptomatic cerebral infarction occurred after 5 of 1237 (0.4%) procedures. However, the rate of asymptomatic catheterization-related cerebral infarctions detected using diffusion-weighted MRI remains high in high-risk patients or candidates for cardiac surgery, when the rate is compared to that reported by previous studies conducted around 10 years ago. More number of catheters used and longer procedure time were associated with cerebral infarction in present study and careful procedural planning is warranted.
An analysis of clinical and laboratory features of acute lymphocytic leukemias with emphasis on 35 children with pre-B leukemia
Authors: LB Vogler, WM Crist, AM Sarrif, DJ Pullen, AA Bartolucci, JM Falletta, B Dowell, GB Humphrey, R Blackstock, J van Eys, RS Metzgar, MD Cooper
Journal: Blood (1981)
Abstract P259: Genome-Wide DNA Methylation and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study
Authors: Lifang Hou, Xin Liu, Yinan Zheng, Wei Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Hongyan Ning, J.Jeffrey Carr, Myriam Fornage, Ka He, Kiang Liu, Donald M LIoyd-Jones
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), established measures of subclinical atherosclerosis, that have been demonstrated to improve prediction of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk beyond classical risk factors (CRFs). This study examined the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the appearance of CAC and increased CIMT, which have not been previously explored. Methods: We conducted an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) in 46 non-smoking and non-diabetic white subjects randomly selected from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. CAC and CIMT were measured by computed tomography (CT) and catotid artery ultrasound at examination year (Y) 20. The Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip was used to measure DNA methylation in white blood cells collected at Y15. We dropped one sample with &gt;1% of the CpG sites having a detection p-value &gt;0.05 and then exclude ~160k CpG probes due to their ambiguously mapping to the genome or with the presence of common SNPs, etc. Both background adjustment and normalization were performed separately for Infinium I and II probes, and new values were calculated and then transformed into M-values. After correction for potential chip effect, we examined the associations between these pre-processed methylation levels at each CpG site with CAC and CIMT using multiple logistic and linear regression models, respectively. Pathway analysis was performed to explore the gene sets that were significantly associated with CAC and CIMT. Results: Several CpG sites in multiple genes were significantly associated with CAC or CIMT. Some of these genes play roles in the regulation of vascular function, such as ion binding and transport ( HRH1 , LRP1B , KCNJ9 , TRIM40 , ADAMTS3 for CAC and BRSK2 , ZNF428 , TROVE2 , C1orf86 for CIMT) and metabolic processes ( LEPR for CAC and NUP50 for CIMT). Pathway analyses revealed several common canonical pathways for CAC and CIMT including, calcium signaling, axon guidance, and focal adhesion etc., which are relevant to the occurrence of these two subclinical CADs. The statistical significance of identified CpG sties for either CAC or CIMT did not remain after correction for multiple testing, possibly due to the small sample size. Conclusion: Our preliminary findings suggest that methylomic mechanisms may play a role in the development of CAC and CIMT, and subsequently the etiology of CAD. Future replication studies in larger longitudinally studies are needed.
Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism.
Authors: Kenneth L. Becker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

This dynamic CD-ROM provides one-click access to the full text and illustrations of Principles and Practice of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Third Edition, plus over 3,400 multiple-choice self-assessment questions and answers--in an interactive format perfect for consultation, study, or review. Coverage includes new chapters on molecular biology, new therapies for pituitary tumors, pancreatic transplantation, appetite regulation, growth factors and cytokines, endocrine effects on lipids, endocrine blood cells, the endocrine adipocyte, adrenal incidentaloma, endocrine disorders of HIV infection, and more. Also included are quick-access references to aid in clinical decisions--a complete endocrine drug formulary, an extraordinary compendium of normal laboratory values, and a detailed listing of dynamic diagnostic testing. The program allows users to select the most helpful mode of review. Study Mode presents questions with immediate feedback through the chapter list. Quiz Mode displays randomized questions based on settings the user chooses. Exam Mode presents a set number of questions in random order and displays results at the end of the exam. Windows Compatible Compatibility: BlackBerry(r) OS 4.1 or Higher / iPhone/iPod Touch 2.0 or Higher /Palm OS 3.5 or higher / Palm Pre Classic / Symbian S60, 3rd edition (Nokia) / Windows Mobile(t) Pocket PC (all versions) / Windows Mobile Smartphone / Windows 98SE/2000/ME/XP/Vista/Tablet PC
Abstract 882: Non-invasive diagnostic testing for lung cancer in a prospective cohort
Authors: Martin Tobi, Joe Sayre, MaryAnn Rambus, Fadi Antaki, Ann Schwartz, Michael J. Lawson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Monoclonal antibody Adnab-9 recognizes the p87 antigen, a constituent of putatively activated pulmonary type 2 pneumocytes. p87 shed into sputum and swallowed may be a potential tumor marker detectable by the Adnab-9 stool test. We describe prospectively collected stool and colonic effluent ELISA results in a cohort of urban patients enrolled in a colorectal cancer screening study. Methods: Prospectively, 1,132 American patients in Metropolitan Detroit submitted stool in a CRC prospective screening study from 1996 to 2013. Eleven patients free of any significant colorectal neoplasia or other cancer, but who had died from non-cancer-related causes, served as controls. Patients and controls were approximately 50-80 years old and the male to female ratios were similar (30:1 and 10:1). Sixty-seven percent of patients and 45 % of controls were African American. Results: 64 patients of 1,132 contracted lung cancer during the 17 year period of follow-up (5.7%). Of these 64 patients, 34 (52%) had stool or effluent Adnab-9 binding tests on retrospective review. We found that over half the patients ultimately diagnosed with lung cancer had either stool/effluent ELISA or Western blot positivity for Adnab-9 compared to only 1 of 11 controls (OR = 11.3, CI 1.3-97.9, p=0.014). The median time from stool submission to diagnosis of lung cancer was 4.4 (0.7-10.3) years. Lung Cancer Tumor types were adenocarcinoma in 23%; squamous in 33%; other in 20%; large cell cancer in 9%; small cell cancer in 8%; and unknown in 7%. At the last time of follow-up, 70% of patients subsequently diagnosed with lung cancer were deceased. Median survival time was 2.1 years from the time of clinical diagnosis. Conclusion: Adnab-9 sensitivity in this cohort was 52% with specificity of 90.9% for lung cancer and could lead to the diagnosis of lung cancer 4.4 years before clinical diagnosis was made. This supports the notion that accessible, early non-invasive testing combined with effective follow-up studies may lead to earlier diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer, the World's most frequent cancer. Citation Format: Martin Tobi, Joe Sayre, MaryAnn Rambus, Fadi Antaki, Ann Schwartz, Michael J. Lawson. Non-invasive diagnostic testing for lung cancer in a prospective cohort. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 882. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-882
If You Came this Way, by Peter Davis
Authors: B. J Genovese
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Peter Davis John Wiley and Sons, £15.95, pp 199 ISBN 0 471 11074 4

The poor make us feel guilty, both for their plight and for our own good fortune. Peter Davis's response was to record this plight and the feelings it provoked in him. The result is a heartbreaking odyssey into the shattered American dream. The landscape is stark and begins, like Shakespeare's seven ages of man, with the children. The names and the geography change, but the situations remain the same. After a while, numbers are meaningless and numbing: “Five and a half million …
Chimerism as a Mechanism of Self-Repair
Authors: Patrick Müller, Michael Böhm
Journal: Circulation (2003)

We read with interest the editorial by Taylor et al 1 concerning the ongoing debate about cardiac chimerism.We were surprised that the authors cited the article of Glaser et al 2 as proof that chimerism would not exist but failed to mention our study showing that cardiomyocytes can be regenerated by non-cardiac cells in human transplanted hearts.Importantly, in our article, which appeared in the same issue of Circulation, 3 we found chimerism to involve up to 1.6% of cardiomyocytes.We agree with the authors of the editorial that there are differences among the studies published to date on cardiac chimerism. [3]][5] However, there are no qualitative differences, but simply variability in the extent of this phenomenon.There are also distinct methodological differences among the studies; the first used fluorescence microscopy, 3 the second light microscopy, 4 and the third confocal microscopy. 5 The Y-chromosome probes and the time between transplantation and sampling varied largely among studies.The claim of Taylor et al 1 that potential acute rejection could be a cause for misinterpretation is not plausible.In our study, 3 we also performed immunostaining for inflammatory cells and found them only in a small number.Furthermore, we were able to exclude cell fusion between donor and recipient cells using combined Y-and X-chromosome fluorescence in situ hybridization.The fluorescence picture by which Taylor et al 1 try to prove that nuclei of overlapping lymphocytes mimic cardiomyocyte nuclei is more disappointing than convincing.The lymphocyte shown cannot be confused with a myocyte nucleus by any examiner with experience in cardiovascular pathology.In summary, the existence of cardiac chimerism was proven sufficiently by 3 independent groups of investigators. [3]4][5] The reasons for the different extent of cardiac chimerism need to be examined in future studies comparing different methodologies of detection, as well as different time points of material acquisition.
Clinical Memoranda for General Practitioners.
Authors: Alex. Theodore Brand, John Robert Keith
Journal: JAMA (1924)

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Mutations in the homeodomain of the human SIX3 gene cause holoprosencephaly
Authors: Deeann E. Wallis, Erich Roessler, Ute Hehr, Luisa Nanni, Tim Wiltshire, Antonio Richieri-Costa, Gabriele Gillessen-Kaesbach, Elaine H. Zackai, Johanna Rommens, Maximilian Muenke
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)