tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reentry of nondividing leukemic cells into a proliferative phase in acute childhood leukemia
Authors: E. F. Saunders, A. M. Mauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

Reentry of small leukemic blast cells into a proliferative phase was demonstrated in a 3 yr old girl with untreated acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Since the proliferating leukemic cell compartment in this disease is not self-maintaining, continual entry of cells into this compartment is necessary to prevent depletion of proliferating cells. In order to identify the source of replacement cells, the rate of change of tritiated thymidine-labeled cells in the proliferating compartment was observed by means of serial bone marrow samples under two conditions. In the first study period only 10% of small leukemic blast cells were labeled, and in the second study period 72% of this population had become lebeled. During the first period the proliferating blast cells were rapidly replaced by unlabeled cells, while during the second period the replacement cells were coming largely from a labeled cell source. The only identifiable source of cells for maintenance of the proliferating population which was virtually unlabeled during the first period and largely labeled during the second period was the population of small leukemic blast cells. The finding that the small blast cells are only temporarily nonproliferative could account for effectiveness of therapy directed primarily against a dividing cell population. Persistence of some cells with longer resting times into remission could provide a focus for subsequent relapse.
Microarray and bioinformatic detection of novel and established genes expressed in experimental anti-Thy1 nephritis
Authors: Denise M. Sadlier, Xuesong Ouyang, Blaithin Mcmahon, Wei Mu, Ryuji Ohashi, Karen Rodgers, David Murray, Takahiko Nakagawa, Catherine Godson, Peter Doran, Hugh R. Brady, Rick J. Johnson
Journal: Kidney International (2005)
INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CONGRESS.—ABSTRACT OF A PAPER ON NOVEL MEANS AND METHODS IN THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES OF THE SKIN.
Authors: JOHN V. SHOEMAKER
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1521: Role of the guanylate-binding-protein 1 (GBP-1) in immunoediting of colorectal carcinoma.
Authors: Nathalie Britzen-Laurent, Karoline Lipnik, Matthias Ocker, Elisabeth Naschberger, Vera Schellerer, Roland Croner, Michael Vieth, Maximilian Waldner, Pablo Steinberg, Christine Hohenadl, Michael Stürzl
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The human guanylate-binding protein 1 (GBP-1) is among the proteins the most highly induced by IFN-γ in every cell type investigated as yet. In vivo, GBP-1 expression is associated with the presence of inflammation and has been observed in autoimmune diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and cancer. In colorectal carcinoma (CRC), we previously reported that the expression of GBP-1 in the cells of the desmoplastic stroma correlates with the presence of an IFN-γ-dominated Th1 microenvironment and with an increased cancer-related 5-year survival. Moreover, GBP-1 expression in the blood vessels of CRC tissue was associated with a reduced angiogenesis. However, the expression and the role of GBP-1 in the tumor cells of CRC remained unknown. In the present study, the analysis of GBP-1 expression in a series of 185 CRCs by immunohistochemistry confirmed that GBP-1 is expressed in stroma cells of CRCs and revealed a significantly less frequent expression in tumor cells, which was contradictory with the broad inducibility of GBP-1. Furthermore, three of six CRC cell lines treated with IFN-γ were unable to express GBP-1 indicating a reduced inducibility in colorectal tumor cells. On the contrary, non-transformed colon epithelial cells strongly expressed GBP-1 in vitro in presence of IFN-γ and in vivo in IBD. Reconstitution of GBP-1 expression in a negative CRC cell line inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Using RNA interference, we showed that GBP-1 mediates the anti-proliferative, anti-migratory, anti-invasive and anti-clonogenic effects of IFN-γ in CRC cells. In addition, GBP-1 was able to inhibit tumor growth in vivo. Altogether these results suggested that GBP-1 acts directly as a tumor suppressor in CRC by mediating the effects of IFN-γ. In addition, the loss of GBP-1 expression in tumor cells indicated that tumor evasion from the IFN-γ-dominated Th1 immune response might have occured. This was confirmed by showing, first, that the absence of GBP-1 inducibility in CRC cell lines correlates with resistance to the anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of IFN-γ and, second, that the resistant cell lines exhibit defects in the IFN-γ signaling pathway. Citation Format: Nathalie Britzen-Laurent, Karoline Lipnik, Matthias Ocker, Elisabeth Naschberger, Vera Schellerer, Roland Croner, Michael Vieth, Maximilian Waldner, Pablo Steinberg, Christine Hohenadl, Michael Stürzl. Role of the guanylate-binding-protein 1 (GBP-1) in immunoediting of colorectal carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1521. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1521
Orthopaedic attendance also worse with choose and book
Authors: T. B Beckingsale, I. W Wallace
Journal: BMJ (2009)

We report a similar decline in patient attendance with choose and book to that described by Modayil and colleagues.1

Choose and book went fully online for elective orthopaedic referrals to our hospital in October 2006. In 2005 there were 3144 elective referrals to orthopaedic …
Azygos Venous Tumor Thrombus From Renal Cell Carcinoma Detected by F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Stephan Probst, Alexandra Seltzer, Abraham Chachoua, Kent Friedman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

An 81-year-old woman with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) underwent F-18 FDG PET/CT for staging, which demonstrated intense uptake in a dilated azygos vein, in the inferior vena cava (IVC), and in the known large left RCC. Contrast-enhanced CT of the chest and abdomen obtained in the days following confirmed the presence of tumor thrombus in the dilated azygos system, IVC, and the contiguous left renal vein. This case serves as a reminder that special attention should always be paid to the renal vein, IVC, and adjoining venous drainage pathways for abnormal FDG activity while imaging RCC, as the diagnosis of venous tumor thrombus has important clinical ramifications.
Where's the Bias?
Authors: Jack M. Gwaltney
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 January 1998Where's the Bias?Jack M. Gwaltney, Jr., MDJack M. Gwaltney, Jr., MDUniversity of Virginia Health Sciences Center; Charlottesville, VA 22908Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-1-199801010-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The answer to the question posed in Dr. Davidoff's editorial, “Where's the bias?” [1], which concerned the study by Mossad and colleagues [2] on zinc lozenge treatment of the common cold, is that there is reason to believe that the participants were not properly blinded because of a faulty placebo. The reasons for this conclusion were carefully outlined in a previous letter to Annals [3]. That letter should not be dismissed as providing “little criticism” to the scientific quality of the study. Inadequate blinding, if present, is a serious fault in a clinical trial in which effective ...References1. Davidoff F. Where's the bias? [Editorial] Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:986-8. Google Scholar2. Mossad SB, Macknin ML, Medendorp SV, Mason P. Zinc gluconate lozenges for treating the common cold. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:81-8. Google Scholar3. Farr BM, Hayden FG, Gwaltney J Jr. Zinc gluconate lozenges for treating the common cold [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 126:738. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Virginia Health Sciences Center; Charlottesville, VA 22908 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByLa declaración del conflicto de intereses en las publicaciones científicas. ¿Tiempo para las luces y los taquígrafos en la trastienda de la investigación financiada por la industria?Association of Rhinovirus Infections with Asthma 1 January 1998Volume 128, Issue 1Page: 75KeywordsClinical trialsCommon coldResearch designZinc Issue Published: 1 January 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
698 The crystal structure of human Charcot-Leyden crystal protein, eosinophil lysophospholipase, identifies it as a new member of the carbohydrate binding family of animal galectins
Authors: S ACKERMAN, D LEONIDAS, B ELBERT, Z ZHOU, H LEFFLER, K ACHARYA
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1996)
Optimization for the detection of hepatitis C virus antigens in the liver
Authors: Regino P. González-Peralta, Jane W.S. Fang, Gary L. Davis, Robert Gish, Kyoko Tsukiyama-Kohara, Michinori Kohara, Mario U. Mondelli, Richard Lesniewski, M. Ian Phillips, Masashi Mizokami, Johnson Y.N. Lau
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1994)
Profiles in Leukemia
Authors: Lucy A. Godley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

For years, scientists have postulated the evolution of a cancer as a series of acquired mutations and epigenetic alterations that accumulate in a progressive way, beginning with a single transformed cell. Within this process, subclones of cells develop that acquire new properties, giving cells advantages, such as the ability to resist chemotherapy or to metastasize. With the publication of two articles in this issue of the Journal, 1,2 we have experimental evidence for this model of cancer and a glimpse of how we may evaluate patients with cancer in the near future.In one article, Walter et al.1 used high-throughput . . .
Serotonin<sub>1A</sub>Receptors at the Axon Initial Segment of Prefrontal Pyramidal Neurons in Schizophrenia
Authors: Dianne A. Cruz, Stephen M. Eggan, Efrain C. Azmitia, David A. Lewis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2004)

Inhibition mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid at the axon initial segment of pyramidal neurons appears to be altered in the prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. This study examined the densities and laminar distribution of axon initial segments labeled with an antibody against the serotonin(1A) (5-HT(1A)) receptor, which also mediates inhibitory regulation of pyramidal neurons, in subjects with schizophrenia.The densities and laminar distribution of axon initial segments with 5-HT(1A)-like immunoreactivity were assessed in postmortem tissue from the prefrontal cortex (Brodmann's area 46) of 14 matched triads of subjects with schizophrenia, subjects with major depressive disorder, and comparison subjects with no psychiatric disorder.The relative densities of the labeled axon initial segment in both the superficial and the deep cortical layers did not differ across the three subject groups.The findings do not support a role for altered serotonin transmission by means of the 5-HT(1A) receptor in dysfunction of prefrontal cortex pyramidal neurons in schizophrenia.
Activities of an Environmental Analysis Van in the German Federal State Schleswig-Holstein.
Authors: A Pröhl, K P Böge, C Alsen-Hinrichs
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

A cooperation was started between the Union of Physicians of Schleswig-Holstein (Bad Segeberg, Germany) and an environmental engineer in 1992. A mobile unit for environmental analysis was set up, the Environmental analysis Van (EAV) or mobile umweltambulanz. Inspection of sites and collection of air and dust/material samples for analysis of xenobiotics were performed on request. The results of this cooperation were evaluated to show which sources of indoor pollutants could be particularly relevant to human health impairment. During a 30-month period form July 1993 to December 1995, 1793 site inspections wer conducted. Xenobiotic analysis and subsequent advising was performed in 1318 cases; enhanced concentrations of one or more toxic substances (mainly biocides such a pentachlorophenol, permethrin, and/or hexachlorocyclohexane) were found in 71% of the sites analyzed. Formaldehyde, volatile organic compounds, and contamination by molds were also documented. A follow-up was done on 80 clients of the Environmental Analysis Van, which had detected elevated concentrations of permethrin because of pyrethroid-treated carpeting. The effect of removing all contaminated carpeting on health improvement in comparison with nonremoval was statistically significant (p&lt;0.0001). Pyrethroid-treated carpeting, which was already 5, 7 and 10 years old, revealed permethrin concentrations of 115, 100, and 150 mg/kg dust. This result indicates that indoor contamination of permethrin is highly persistent and may be the cause of adverse health effects.
Effect of iron dextran, gold thiosulphate, and hydrocortisone acetate on experimental synovitis in the guinea pig.
Authors: A G Mowat, T F Disney, J H Vaughan
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1971)

Considerable controversy has revolved about the nature of the disturbed iron metabolism in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the question whether the depositions of iron in the synovial tissues of these patients represent beneficial or harmful events (Mowat and Hothersall, 1968).Lawson, Owen, and Mowat (1967) showed that there was an increase in the urinary excretion of iron in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls after the administration of the chelating agent desferri- oxamine B. It was considered that these results provided evidence of increased iron storage in these patients.Subsequently Mowat and Hothersall (1968) and Senator and Muirden (1968) showed consider- ably higher concentrations of iron in the synovial tissue of patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared with controls.Since there is proliferation of the synovial tissue in these patients, relatively large quantities of iron could be deposited in this tissue.The iron is present in the synovial tissue in the form of ferritin and has a distinctive appearance under light or electron microscopy (Muirden, 1966).A similar increase in the quantity of ferritin and in its distribution to that found in patients with rheuma- toid arthritis has been noted in experimental arthritis induced in rabbits with caragheenin, Freund's adjuvant, and tuberculin (Muirden and Peace, 1969).Muirden (1966, 1970) and Muirden, Fraser, and Clarris (1967) suggested that the ferritin was deposited in the synovial tissue as the end-result of repeated small haemorrhages and subsequent erythrophagocytosis by the synovial lining cells.This mechanism could possibly explain the findings in rheumatoid arthritis as red blood cells in small numbers can be found in many joint effusions in these patients.However, it is less easily invoked as the mechanism involved in the experimental arthri- tides which are of short duration.
Successful treatment with rituximab in a patient with an acquired factor V inhibitor
Authors: Agnes Lebrun, Catherine Leroy‐Matheron, Jean‐Benoit Arlet, Pablo Bartolucci, Marc Michel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Rituximab has already been successfully used to treat immune‐mediated bleeding disorders such as acquired factor VIII inhibitor. We report here a case of severe acquired factor V (FV) inhibitor deficiency due to FV inhibitor which has been dramatically improved after rituximab. Am. J. Hematol., 2008. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
HIGH HDL CHOLESTEROL LEVELS AND MARKERS OF INFLAMMATION AND METABOLIC HEALTH IN PATIENTS HOSPITALIZED WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Mikhail Kosiborod, John A. Spertus, Phillip G. Jones, Paul A. Heidenreich, Krishnaji R. Kulkarni, Sergio Fazio
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
192 THE EXCESS MORTALITY ASSOCIATED WITH BETA-BLOCKER THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH DIURETIC INTOLERANT ASCITES CAN BE EXPLAINED BY WORSENING NEUTROPHIL DYSFUNCTION
Authors: N.J. Taylor, A. Nishtala, R.D. Abeles, J.A. Wendon, Y. Ma, D.L. Shawcross
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Comment on “A pilot trial of G3139, a bcl-2 antisense oligonucleotide, and paclitaxel in patients with chemorefractory small-cell lung cancer”, byC. M. Rudin et al.(Ann Oncol 2002; 13: 539–545)
Authors: O. Gautschi, U. Zangemeister-Wittke, R.A. Stahel
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2002)
Hospital trust borrows 114m to end private financing deal 19 years early
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2014)

An NHS trust in the north of England has become the first to borrow money to pay its way out of a private finance initiative (PFI) contract, and there are indications that more trusts may follow suit.

Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust has borrowed £114m (€145m; $180m) from the local council to pay off the firm that built and ran Hexham General Hospital, which was opened by the former Labour prime minister Tony Blair …
C3-05: Chemotherapy (CT) in addition to surgery or surgery plus radiotherapy (RT) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Two meta-analyses using individual patient data (IPD) from randomised controlled trials (RCTs)
Authors: Sarah Burdett, Rodrigo Arriagada, Lesley Stewart, Jean-Pierre Pignon, Cecile Le Pechoux, Jayne Tierney, Helene Tribodet
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Explaining trends in Scottish coronary heart disease mortality between 2000 and 2010 using IMPACTSEC model: retrospective analysis using routine data
Authors: J. W. Hotchkiss, C. A. Davies, R. Dundas, N. Hawkins, P. S. Jhund, S. Scholes, M. Bajekal, M. O'Flaherty, J. Critchley, A. H. Leyland, S. Capewell
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<b>Objective</b> To quantify the contributions of prevention and treatment to the trends in mortality due to coronary heart disease in Scotland. <b>Design</b> Retrospective analysis using IMPACT<sub>SEC</sub>, a previously validated policy model, to apportion the recent decline in coronary heart disease mortality to changes in major cardiovascular risk factors and to increases in more than 40 treatments in nine non-overlapping groups of patients. <b>Setting</b> Scotland. <b>Participants</b> All adults aged 25 years or over, stratified by sex, age group, and fifths of Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Deaths prevented or postponed. <b>Results</b> 5770 fewer deaths from coronary heart disease occurred in 2010 than would be expected if the 2000 mortality rates had persisted (8042 rather than 13 813). This reflected a 43% fall in coronary heart disease mortality rates (from 262 to 148 deaths per 100 000). Improved treatments accounted for approximately 43% (95% confidence interval 33% to 61%) of the fall in mortality, and this benefit was evenly distributed across deprivation fifths. Notable treatment contributions came from primary prevention for hypercholesterolaemia (13%), secondary prevention drugs (11%), and chronic angina treatments (7%). Risk factor improvements accounted for approximately 39% (28% to 49%) of the fall in mortality (44% in the most deprived fifth compared with only 36% in the most affluent fifth). Reductions in systolic blood pressure contributed more than one third (37%) of the decline in mortality, with no socioeconomic patterning. Smaller contributions came from falls in total cholesterol (9%), smoking (4%), and inactivity (2%). However, increases in obesity and diabetes offset some of these benefits, potentially increasing mortality by 4% and 8% respectively. Diabetes showed strong socioeconomic patterning (12% increase in the most deprived fifth compared with 5% for the most affluent fifth). <b>Conclusions</b> Increases in medical treatments accounted for almost half of the large recent decline in mortality due to coronary heart disease in Scotland. Furthermore, the Scottish National Health Service seems to have delivered these benefits equitably. However, the substantial contributions from population falls in blood pressure and other risk factors were diminished by adverse trends in obesity and diabetes. Additional population-wide interventions are urgently needed to reduce coronary heart disease mortality and inequalities in future decades.
THE ETIOLOGY AND SPREAD OF TYPHOID FEVER.
Authors: VICTOR C. VAUGHAN
Journal: JAMA (1902)

<h3>THE TYPHOID BACILLUS.</h3> Is typhoid fever due to a specific, well-defined, easily differentiated micro-organism, or are there several varieties of this germ, differing from one another in cultural, tinctorial, and possibly other properties? For many years after the discovery of the Eberth bacillus bacteriologists generally held that the micro-organism causing typhoid fever constitutes a distinct, easily recognizable species. In this country, at least, the writer stood almost or quite alone in claiming that there are varieties of this germ. In 1892 in a paper read before the Association of American Physicians, and published in the transactions of that Society, I made the following statement: "It probably makes but little difference whether we conclude that these germs are varieties of one species or that they are related species. I know of no hard and fast lines upon which one can decide, to the satisfaction of everyone else, whether two or more