tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thyroid Disease and Primary Pulmonary Hypertension—Reply
Authors: Sean Gaine
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Courage to Fail. A Social View of Organ Transplants and Dialysis.
Authors: H. Harrison Sadler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

As a summary of the history of a subject of ever-increasing importance today, this book can be recommended.Dr. Coley brings his narrative up to date, with a terminal chapter on "some techniques of modem biochemistry" and a peep into the future.His book will, therefore, prove useful to the practising biochemist as well as to those more professionally concerned with the history of the subject.Another, and important, attraction to the student is the relatively modest price.
7m to be spent on European research into diabetes
Authors: Judy Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Over £7m ($10m) will be spent over the next three years in Europe to find a cure for type 1 and type 2 diabetes and lessen the impact of their complications.

This announcement was made during the 36th annual meeting of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes, which brought nearly 9000 experts to …
The Human Genome Project and International Health
Authors: James D. Watson
Journal: JAMA (1990)

The authors see the human genome project as a "public good" in the best sense. They optimistically describe the medical benefits that the developed and the developing worlds will experience when the principal goal of the genome project, to assist medical researchers in their assault on disease, is realized. Watson and Cook-Deegan also summarize current genome projects around the world, touch upon the broad social implications of genome research, and emphasize the international nature of the genome mapping effort.
A bold plan to achieve unity in medicine
Authors: Ronald M Davis
Journal: BMJ (2003)

This article originally appeared in BMJ USA 

At the last two meetings of the American Medical Association's House of Delegates—in June and December of last year—participants debated and approved the broad outlines of a bold plan to achieve unity among medical associations. Here in the US the medical profession is represented by a system of medical associations often referred to as “organized medicine” or the “federation of medicine.” At the core of the federation is the American Medical Association (AMA) and its House of Delegates—the AMA's policy-making body comprising 550 delegates representing state medical associations; national medical specialty societies; military services; and special sections for medical students, residents and fellows, young physicians, medical school deans, and international medical graduates.

As the medical profession in the US has become increasingly specialized,1 2 organizations representing medical specialties and subspecialties have proliferated. About …
Nucleophosmin–anaplastic lymphoma kinase associated with anaplastic large-cell lymphoma activates the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt antiapoptotic signaling pathway
Authors: Ren-Yuan Bai, Tao Ouyang, Cornelius Miething, Stephan W. Morris, Christian Peschel, Justus Duyster
Journal: Blood (2000)
AIDS Knowledge Gap
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
SDF-1/CXCR4 and IP-10/CXCR3 expression in peripheral blood of breast cancer patients
Authors: Mansooreh Jaberipour, Mahboobeh Razmkhah, Ahmad Hosseini, Abbas Ghaderi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

A4    Background:  Angiogenesis is an essential process for progression of solid tumors such as breast cancer. Chemokine and chemokine receptors closely correlate with this process for example Stromal cell-derived factor (SDF-1) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) play important roles in recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells and angiogenesis. In contrast, interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 (CXCR3) have angiostatic effects and might suppress tumor progression.  Objective:  This study examined the expressions of SDF-1, CXCR4, IP-10 and CXCR3 mRNA levels in peripheral blood and aimed to explore the significance of them between breast cancer patients and normal individuals. Methods:  Sixty women with breast cancer were examined for expression of SDF-1, CXCR4, IP-10 and CXCR3 mRNA. For this, mRNA was extracted from peripheral blood and its expression was measured using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Results were compared to those of a sex and age matched control group.  Results:  Relative Quantification (RQ) of SDF-1 and CXCR4 mRNAs were higher in patients than controls. In contrast, RQ of IP-10 mRNA was lower in patients than those in controls. As a result, CXCR4 were highly expressed and SDF-1 increased 2 fold in patients but IP-10 has shown 5 fold increased in controls. There were no any different in CXCR3 mRNA level between patients and controls.  Conclusion:  Differentially expressed SDF-1 and CXCR4 as angiogenic factors showed this chemokine and chemokine receptor as one of the factors increasing the susceptibility of women to breast cancer. In contrast, IP-10 expression might be suppressed the formation of the tumor.
Abstract 1821: The Longevity Factor Sirt1 Protects Heart from Ischemia/Reperfusion Stress
Authors: Chiao P Hsu, Ralph Alcendor, Hiromitsu Takagi, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Sirt1, a class III histone deacetylase, extends the lifespan of many organisms. Longevity mechanisms confer stress resistance to organisms, and accumulation of stress resistance leads to lifespan extension. We have shown previously that Sirt1 is upregulated by stress up to 10 fold in the heart, and heart specific overexpression (7.5 fold in line #40) of Sirt1 in mice suppresses markers of aging, and induces resistance to oxidative stress in the heart. However, the same 7.5 fold overexpression of Sirt1 rather exacerbated heart failure in response to pressure overload, suggesting that Sirt1 may confer stress resistance to the heart against only particular types of stress. We here examined whether Sirt1 is protective against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in the heart. Cardiac specific Sirt1 transgenic mice (Tg-Sirt1) from line #40 were subjected to 45 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. In non-transgenic (NTg) mice, protein expression of Sirt1 was downregulated after I/R (64.9 ± 2.5% of sham, p
Expression of Concern: Sato et al. Effect of folate and mecobalamin on hip fractures in patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial.<i>JAMA</i>. 2005;293(9):1082-1088.
Authors: Howard Bauchner, Phil B. Fontanarosa
Journal: JAMA (2015)

was associated in older APOE-ε4 noncarriers.Conversely, amyloid positivity increased with age in patients with frontotemporal dementia, vascular dementia, and dementia with Lewy bodies, suggesting, as the authors mention, that amyloid is present as secondary pathology and the clinical syndrome is driven by non-AD pathologies. 2ansen et al 1 and Ossenkoppele et al 2 provide succinct meta-analyses of considerable clinical value.Persons without dementia have an increasing prevalence of cerebral amyloid pathology with age, APOE genotype, and cognitive loss as measured by PET imaging or CSF findings.Similarly, among persons with dementia, the prevalence of amyloid pathology was related to clinical diagnosis, age, and APOE genotype.Together, these data show the immense potential clinical use of amyloid imaging to make the correct diagnosis in early-onset dementia and, more specifically, to establish the diagnosis of AD-type dementia and noncarrier APOE-ε4 genotype among persons older than 70 years.Immunotherapeutics are now at a critical juncture, with clinical trials currently evaluating several anti-amyloid-β monoclonal antibodies in asymptomatic individuals who are at risk for AD by virtue of having positive findings on PET amyloid imaging (NCT01998841, NCT00869817, and NCT02008357).If passive monoclonal therapy can be shown to have clinical benefit by delaying or preventing dementia due to AD, it will be a major achievement.Additional clinical trials with other immunotherapies, including active vaccination generating anti-amyloid-β antibodies using a DNA Aβ 42 vaccine 9 or other immune strategies, 10 will then be developed and implemented.The meta-analyses reported here 1,2 provide the basis for clarifying the parameters for using anti-amyloid-β therapies among patients at risk for AD and providing impressions as to which patients are most at risk and would potentially benefit most with anti-amyloid-β therapy.
Abstract 1196: Endogenous Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors, Arterial Hemodynamics And Subclinical Vascular Disease: A Population-based Study
Authors: Julio A Chirinos, Robert David, J. Alexander Bralley, Humberto Zea-Diaz, Carolina Cuba-Bustinza, Fernando Corrales-Medina, Belissa Najarro, Dionicio Ibañez, Julio Chirinos-Pacheco, Josefina Medina-Lezama
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), endogenous nitric oxide-synthase inhibitors (End-NOSI), have been associated with cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and atherosclerosis. In addition, acute administration of NOSI cause hypertension through hemodynamic effects, but whether circulating End-NOSI are associated with these abnormalities is unknown. Methods: We studied 922 adults in a population-based study (PREVENCION study). We examined the correlation between End-NOSI/L-arginine and CVRF, as well as the relationship between these biomarkers and arterial hemodynamics, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) and carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT). We used general linear modeling for statistical analyses. Estimates (β) are standardized. Results: In multivariate analyses, LDL-cholesterol and C-reactive protein (CRP) were independent predictors of ADMA, whereas LDL-cholesterol and gender independently predicted NMMA. Age, gender, HDL-cholesterol and CRP were independent predictors of L-arginine. ADMA (β=0.09;p=0.008) and NMMA (β=0.11; p=0.001), but not L-arginine, were strong predictors of c-IMT, even after adjustment for CVRF, CRP and renal function. In contrast, ADMA and NMMA were not predictors of cf-PWV, blood pressure or hemodynamic abnormalities. Higher L-arginine independently predicted higher central (aortic) pulse pressure (β=0.09; p=0.002), incident wave amplitude (β=0.11; p&lt;0.001) and late systolic augmented pressure from wave reflections (β=0.07; p=0.003), but not systemic vascular resistance or cardiac output. Conclusions: ADMA and NMMA are differentially associated with CVRF, but both End-NOSI are independently predictors of carotid atherosclerosis. In contrast, they are not associated with large artery stiffness, hypertension or hemodynamic abnormalities. Our findings are consistent with a role for End-NOSI in atherosclerosis, but not in large artery stiffnening, hypertension or long-term hemodynamic regulation. L-arginine is independently associated with abnormal pulsatile hemodynamics, which may reflect abnormal L-arginine transport, leading to decreased intracellular bioavailability for NO synthesis.
Tumour heterogeneity of mucosal melanomas during treatment with imatinib
Authors: N.L. Schoenewolf, M. Urosevic-Maiwald, R. Dummer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

A comparison of in vitro and in vivo characteristics of tumour cells derived from patients with mucosal melanoma treated with imatinib was performed with respect to KIT mutations. Three patients with mucosal melanoma were treated with imatinib. Patient-derived tumour material was used to establish melanoma cell cultures ex vivo. We evaluated tumour material and cell cultures for KIT protein expression and KIT mutation status. In addition, proliferation assays with melanoma cell cultures were performed with imatinib. Expression of KIT protein and KIT mutation was shown in two patients who responded to imatinib in vivo. Cells derived from a third patient who did not respond to imatinib did not express KIT and lacked a KIT mutation. Patient-derived melanoma cells did not show any KIT mutations, nor did they respond to imatinib in vitro. Our study underlines that melanoma consists of a heterogeneous cell population, making it imperative to use the mapping of involved activating tumour growth-driving pathways in order to improve response to therapy with kinase inhibitors.
Book: The Scientification of Love
Authors: I. Kawachi
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Michel Odent Free Association Books, £12.95, pp 130 ISBN 1 85343 476 0 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Michel Odent, who is perhaps best known for introducing birthing pools to obstetric wards, has written a slim but provocative book on the subject of love. Why write a scientific book about a subject best left to poets and songwriters? The answer, according to Odent, is because it's about time: “At a time when people are focusing on violence and the roots of violence, I am convinced that we can go a step further … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Polyinosinlc · Polycytidylic Acid: Inhibition of Cell Proliferation in Carcinogen-Treated Epidermis and in Carcinogen-Induced Skin Tumors in Mice
Authors: Kjell Elgjo, Miklos Degré
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

After administration of the synthetic double-stranded RNA polyinosinic with polycytidylic acid (poly l with poly C) to hairless mice, cell proliferation kinetics were studied in normal epidermis, in epidermis initiated with 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA), in hyperplastic epidermis treated topically with MCA for 15 weeks, and in MCA-induced skin tumors. Poly l with poly C did not influence the mitotic rate or the transit of cells from the G1 phase to the S phase in normal mouse epidermis. Pretreatment of poly l with poly C inhibited cell proliferation in mouse epidermis initiated with MCA for at least 24 hours. In mouse epidermis made hyperplastic by repeated applications of MCA. Poly L with poly C inhibited G1 cells from starting DNA synthesis. Skin tumor DNA synthesis was also altered after poly l with poly C administration. After a short period of enhanced 3-methylthymidine incorporation, tumor DNA synthesis decreased to less than half the control value. The results indicated thatthe antitumorigenic effect of poly l with poly C could be related to its influence on cell proliferation.
Abstract 12139: Unique Therapeutic Effect of Statin Nanoparticle-Loaded Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Ryo Yokoyama, Masaaki, Yasuhiko Tabata, Masaaki Hoshiga, Nobukazu Ishizaka, Michio Asahi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Clinical trials of autologous adipose-derived stem cell (AdSC) therapy for ischemic heart diseases (IHD) are now on-going. We have investigated the hypothesis that combination of AdSCs and statin, an agent with pleiotropic effects, could augment the therapeutic effect on myocardial infarction (MI). Methods and Results: Human AdSC functions with different doses of simvastatin-conjugated nanoparticle (STNP) uptake were evaluated by in vitro assays. STNP significantly promoted the migration activity without changing the proliferation activity, and also up-regulated growth factors and vascular gene expressions peaking at 50μg/ml in AdSCs. Next, MI was induced by LAD ligation in nude mice, and the mice were assigned in the following groups with different treatments (tail vein injection) 3 days after MI: 1) PBS (control), 2) NP-AdSCs (104 cells), and 3) STNP-AdSCs (104 cells). Cardiac functional recovery assessed by echocardiography (EF and LVDd) was significantly improved at 4 weeks after surgery...
Abstract 11317: Long-Term Treatment with Nifedipine Suppresses Coronary Hyperconstricting Responses and Inflammatory Changes Induced by Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent in Pigs in Vivo: Possible Involvement of Rho-Kinase Pathway
Authors: Ryuji Tsuburaya, Satoshi Yasuda, Kentaro Aizawa, Jun Yi Gao, Yoshitaka Ito, Takashi Shiroto, Kenta Ito, Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda, Hiroaki Shimokawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Enhanced activity of Rho-kinase, the effectors of the small GTP-binding protein Rho, plays a central role in the pathogenesis of coronary vasospasm. We have previously demonstrated that Rho-kinase pathway is also involved in the coronary hyperconstricting responses and vascular lesion formation following drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation in pigs in vivo. In this study, we examined whether long-term treatment with calcium channel blocker suppresses the DES-induced abnormalities.   Method and Results:  Paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) and a bare-metal stent (BMS) were randomly implanted in the left coronary arteries in male domestic pigs, which were treated with and without long-acting nifedipine (NIF, 4 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks (n=7, each). At least 24 hours after withdrawal of NIF, coronary vasomotion was evaluated in vivo. In the control group, coronary vasoconstricting responses to serotonin (5-HT, 10 and 100 μg/kg, IC) were significantly enhanced at the PES site compared with the BMS site, and were abolished by hydroxyfasudil (HF, 90 and 300 μg/kg, IC), a selective Rho-kinase inhibitor (Figure-A). This enhanced vasoconstricting responses at the PES site were abolished in the NIF group (Figure-B). Histological examination showed inflammatory cell accumulation and enhanced Rho-kinase activity (as evaluated by immunostaining for the extent of phosphorylation of the downstream target, myosin binding subunit) at the PES site in the control group, both of which were suppressed in the NIF group.   Conclusions:  These results indicate that long-term treatment with NIF suppresses DES-induced coronary abnormalities partly by inhibiting Rho-kinase pathway in vivo.
Abstract 15865: Outcomes and Predictors of β-blockers Prescriptions at Discharge in Patients With Stable Angina Without Prior History of Myocardial Infarction or Systolic Heart Failure Undergoing Elective PCI: Results From the NCDR Cath-PCI Registry
Authors: Valay Parikh, Apurva Motivala, Matthew Roe, David Dai, J Dawn Abbott, Abhiram Prasad, Debabrata Mukherjee
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: β-blockers improve long term outcomes in patients with prior myocardial infarction (MI) or systolic heart failure (HF). Whether these benefits extend to patients with stable angina (SA) remains unknown. We sought to assess the association of β-blocker use with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with SA undergoing PCI and to examine predictors affecting prescription of β-blockers at discharge.

Methods: All consecutive patients with SA undergoing elective PCI were identified from the NCDR Cath-PCI Registry® between 2005 and 2013. Patients with a history of MI, CABG or systolic HF (LVEF <40%) were excluded. Among the study population of 755,215, 71% patients were on β-blockers. The population was restricted to age ≥ 65 to link to the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) data for long term outcomes (n=122,734).

Results: Female patients, hypertension, complex PCI, LVEF  65 years) and diabetics were less likely to receive β-blockers at discharge. (Table 1) There were no significant differences in short (30-days) or long term (3-years) outcomes between 2 groups, except for a higher rate of subsequent HF hospitalization [HR: 1.18, (1.12-1.25, p<0.01)] associated with use of β-blockers.

Conclusions: There are specific patient and procedural characteristics that influence β-blocker prescription at discharge in patients with SA, without prior history of MI or systolic HF, undergoing PCI. β-blocker use in this population was not associated with any changes in all-cause mortality, revascularization or hospitalization related to MI or stroke, except a higher rate of subsequent HF hospitalization . The utility of β-blockers in this population needs to be further investigated.

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A crosslinguistic perspective on semantic cognition
Authors: Asifa Majid, Falk Huettig
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Coherent covariation appears to be a powerful explanatory factor accounting for a range of phenomena in semantic cognition. But its role in accounting for the crosslinguistic facts is less clear. Variation in naming, within the same semantic domain, raises vexing questions about the necessary parameters needed to account for the basic facts underlying categorization.