tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome on cognitive and cardiovascular functioning in children with obesity
Authors: Anna Rita Mazzotta, Maria Elena Liverani, Alessandra Macari, Giuliano Tocci, Filomena Ianniello, Maria Pia
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background : Paediatric obesity and sleep disordered breathing may be associated with cognitive problems and cardiovascular abnormalities and both may share the same common inflammatory and metabolic pathogenesis.   Aim:  to evaluate and compare cardiovascular activity and cognitive functions of obese children with or without clinical obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (apnea hypopnea index >5 n/h of sleep).   Methods:  obese children underwent polysomnography in a standard laboratory setting, a neurocognitive assessment and a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring.   Results:  We studied ten children (mean age 9.2±3.2 years, 6 males), with a mean body mass index (BMI) of 27.67 kg/m 2 , a mean BMI percentile of 124.2±20.7. They had a mean apnea-hypopnea index of 9.6±13.6 n/h, an overnight oxygen saturation of 96.9±0.9 %. Mean values of blood pressure did not show relevant differences between diurnal and nocturnal measurements: diurnal systolic and diastolic pressure were 114.8±22.2 and 68.5±10.3 mmHg, while nocturnal systolic and diastolic pressure were 110.7 ±10.9 and 66.1 ±14.3 mmHg. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-revised revealed a mean total intelligent quotient score of 91.3±15.21, a mean verbal intelligent quotient (VIQ) score of 95.7±12.4, and a mean performance intelligence quotient scores of 90.3±20. Compared to those without clinical sleep apnea, children with AHI>5 n/h had a lower VIQ (89.3±9.3 vs 102.0±13.4).   Conclusions:  Preliminary data showed that obese children had a peculiar blood pressure profile since they did not show the physiologic nocturnal deep. Obese children with obstructive sleep apnea display a specific verbal cognitive dysfunctions.
CNS Involvement in Children With Newly Diagnosed Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: John T. Sandlund, Sharon B. Murphy, Victor M. Santana, Frederick Behm, Dana Jones, Costan W. Berard, Wayne L. Furman, Raul Ribeiro, William M. Crist, Carol Greenwald, Gang Chen, Andrew Walter, Ching-Hon Pui
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

To determine the frequency of CNS involvement at diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), to characterize its pattern of presentation, and to determine its prognostic significance.We reviewed the records of 445 children (1975 through 1995) diagnosed with NHL (small noncleaved cell NHL/B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia [SNCC NHL/B-ALL], 201 patients; lymphoblastic, 113; large cell, 119; other, 12). Tumor burden was estimated by serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) measurement and reclassification of disease stage irrespective of CNS involvement (modified stage).Thirty-six of 445 children with newly diagnosed NHL had CNS involvement (lymphoma cells in the CSF [n = 23], cranial nerve palsy [n = 9], both features [n = 4]), representing 13%, 7%, and 1% of small noncleaved cell lymphoma, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and large-cell cases, respectively. By univariate analysis, CNS disease at diagnosis did not significantly impact event-free survival (P =. 095), whereas stage and LDH did; however, children with CNS disease at diagnosis were at 2.0 times greater risk of death than those without CNS disease at diagnosis. In a multivariate analysis, CNS disease was not significantly associated with either overall or event-free survival, whereas both serum LDH and stage influenced both overall and event-free survival. Among cases of SNCC NHL/B-ALL, CNS disease was significantly associated with event-free and overall survival (univariate analysis); however, in multivariate analysis, only LDH had independent prognostic significance. Elevated serum LDH or higher modified stage were associated with a trend toward poorer overall survival among children with CNS disease.A greater tumor burden at diagnosis adversely influences the treatment outcome of children with NHL and CNS disease at diagnosis, suggesting a need for ongoing improvement in both systemic and CNS-directed therapy.
Resection of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Authors: J P Kavolius, D P Mastorakos, C Pavlovich, P Russo, M E Burt, M S Brady
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Resection of solitary metastases from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is associated with a 5-year survival rate of 35% to 50%. Selection criteria are not well defined. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed our experience with 278 patients with recurrent RCC from 1980 to 1993. RESULTS One hundred forty-one of 278 patients underwent a curative metastectomy for their first recurrence (44% 5-year overall survival [OS] rate), 70 patients underwent noncurative surgery (14% 5-year OS rate), and 67 patients were treated nonsurgically (11% 5-year OS rate). Favorable features for survival were a disease-free interval (DFI) greater than 12 months versus 12 months or less (55% v 9% 5-year OS rate; P &lt; .0001), solitary versus multiple sites of metastases (54% v 29% 5-year OS rate; P &lt; .001), and age younger than 60 years (49% v 35% 5-year OS rate; P &lt; .05). Among 94 patients with a solitary metastasis, lung (n = 50; 54% 5-year OS rate) was more favorable than brain (n = 11; 18% 5-year OS rate; P &lt; .05). Survival rates after curative resection of second and third metastases were not different compared with initial metastectomy (46% and 44%, respectively, v 43% 5-year OS rates; P = nonsignificant). Favorable predictors of survival by multivariate analysis included a single site of first recurrence, curative resection of first metastasis, a long DFI, a solitary site of first metastasis, and a metachronous presentation with recurrence. CONCLUSION Selected patients with recurrent RCC who can undergo a curative resection of their disease have a good opportunity for long-term survival, particularly those with a single site of recurrence and/or a long DFI.
Characteristics of malignant pleural effusions. Review of one-year data from a large tertiary centre
Authors: Shiva Bikmalla, Masood Khalil, Muhammed Ganaie, Mohammed Haris
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction:  Malignant pleural effusion is a common finding in patients presenting late with stage IV lung cancer. It is associated with variable survival and high morbidity. Our study aimed to review the diagnostic tools, pathology and outcomes of the patients with malignant effusions.  Methods:  We retrospectively collected data of patients presenting with pleural effusion at the large tertiary centre over 1-year. Consecutive patients were selected from the multidisciplinary meeting and data was analysed.  Results:  110 patients with effusion were selected and 70 had malignant pathology. The median age of patients was 75 (range 31-93) and 39 (55%) were male. Forty-three (61%) had right pleural effusion and 9 (13%) had bilateral effusions. Diagnostic aspiration was performed in 39 (55%) patients with positive cytology in 32 with sensitivity of 85%. Forty percent of patients had video-assisted thoracoscopy and pathological diagnosis was achieved in 65. Blind pleural biopsy was not utilised and 8% of patients had radiological diagnosis. Pleurodesis was performed in 22 (31%) and 18% of them has complications. Median survival was better in patients with mesothelioma at 325 days compared to lung cancer.  Conclusion:  Our data shows the variable prognosis in patients with malignant effusion. Better survival was seen in patients with mesothelioma, therefore early effective strategies are required for diagnosis and management.
Recurrent AAV2-related insertional mutagenesis in human hepatocellular carcinomas
Authors: Jean-Charles Nault, Shalini Datta, Sandrine Imbeaud, Andrea Franconi, Maxime Mallet, Gabrielle Couchy, Eric Letouzé, Camilla Pilati, Benjamin Verret, Jean-Frédéric Blanc, Charles Balabaud, Julien Calderaro, Alexis Laurent, Mélanie Letexier, Paulette Bioulac-Sage, Fabien Calvo, Jessica Zucman-Rossi
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Stationary bicycle training at home in COPD patient on LTOT. Is it enough to improve quality of life and exercise capacity? A pilot study
Authors: Jacek Nasilowski, Tadeusz Przybylowski, Jan Zielinski, Ryszarda Chazan, Pawel Sliwinski, Przemyslaw Bielen, Emil Romanski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Pulmonary rehabilitation improves quality of life (QoL) and exercise capacity (EC) in COPD patients. LTOT with stationary source may reduce daily activities (DA). Aim of study was to assess if self administered training at home improves QoL, EC and overcomes restriction in DA.

Methods: Consecutive COPD pts qualified for LTOT with oxygen concentrator were assessed and randomly assigned to training (TG) or control (CG) groups. Assessment comprised of: cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) on cycle ergometer, 6 minute walk test (6MWT), dyspnoea (MRC scale), lung function tests, QoL (SGRQ), DA measured by actigraphy and questionnaire. Training consisted of 30 min. cycling every day for 3 months. In TG adherence to training and its performance was verified by memory card, pts were regularly visited and load was adjusted to patients ability. CG was monitored by phone and encouraged to sustain physical activity.

Results: We studied 33 pts (18M, 15F), mean age 70±9 yrs, mean FEV1 0.9±0.4 l (40±13%), mean PaO2 55±4 mmHg. Of 20 pts allocated to TG, 13 pts completed training program. Adherence was satisfactory, pts trained 73±23% of days. TG showed significant improvement in SGRQ (symptoms) and duration of CPET. There was tendency to improve VO2max (p=0.054) and total SGRQ score (p=0.07). Better adherence to training correlated with greater improvement in QoL, VO2max and 6MWT distance. Higher work load reached during training correlated with reduction in MRC scale and improvement in 6MWT distance and VO2max.

Conclusions: Self cycling at home may improve QoL and EC in COPD patients starting LTOT with stationary source, but has no effect on performance of DA.
Barriers to Treatment in Patients With Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Laura Bourdeanu, Thehang Luu, Norma Baker, Suzanne Swain-Cabriales, Cathie T. Chung, Joanne Mortimer, Arti Hurria, Sandra Helton, David Smith, Betty Ferrell, Gloria Juarez, George Somlo
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

Delays between presentation and treatment could have a significant effect on breast cancer mortality. The authors hypothesized that patient, physician, and system barriers are all responsible for treatment delays. Therefore, a study was conducted to define prevalent barriers to treatment from the patient's perspective. A modified 43-item Likert-scale questionnaire was administered to patients with clinical stage III locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) who had experienced a delay in treatment of 3 months or more. Between October 2008 and January 2010, 153 patients presented with LABC; 43 patients (28.1%) met eligibility, and 40 completed the questionnaire. Among the patient barriers reported, 38% of patients delayed care for fear of losing their breast and 47% awaited previously scheduled routine appointments instead of seeking care. Among the physician barriers reported, 20% of physicians of initial contact did not believe the breast lump/symptom was related to cancer and 15% did not believe it needed a biopsy. Among the system barriers reported, the most prevalent were delays in performing diagnostic tests and obtaining insurance authorization for tests, treatment, or physician visits. Substantial delays were seen in 28.1% of patients from presentation to when they sought therapy at City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center. The high prevalence of patient barriers versus physician/system barriers suggests that increased educational efforts for patients and health care professionals are needed.
Thalidomide Radiosensitizes Tumors through Early Changes in the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Réginald Ansiaux, Christine Baudelet, Bénédicte F. Jordan, Nelson Beghein, Pierre Sonveaux, Julie De Wever, Philippe Martinive, Vincent Grégoire, Olivier Feron, Bernard Gallez
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Purpose: The aim of this work was to study changes in the tumor microenvironment early after an antiangiogenic treatment using thalidomide (a promising angiogenesis inhibitor in a variety of cancers), with special focus on a possible “normalization” of the tumor vasculature that could be exploited to improve radiotherapy. Experimental Design: Tumor oxygenation, perfusion, permeability, interstitial fluid pressure (IFP), and radiation sensitivity were studied in an FSAII tumor model. Mice were treated by daily i.p. injection of thalidomide at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Measurements of the partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) were carried out using electron paramagnetic resonance oximetry. Three complementary techniques were used to assess the blood flow inside the tumor: dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, Patent Blue staining, and laser Doppler imaging. IFP was measured by a “wick-in-needle” technique. Results: Our results show that thalidomide induces tumor reoxygenation within 2 days. This reoxygenation is correlated with a reduction in IFP and an increase in perfusion. These changes can be attributed to extensive vascular remodeling that we observed using CD31 labeling. Conclusions: In summary, the microenvironmental changes induced by thalidomide were sufficient to radiosensitize tumors. The fact that thalidomide radiosensitization was not observed in vitro, and that in vivo radiosensitization occurred in a narrow time window, lead us to believe that initial vascular normalization by thalidomide accounts for tumor radiosensitization.
O-014 High BRAF mutation frequency and marked survival differences in subgroups according to KRAS/BRAF mutation status and tumor tissue availability in a prospective population-based metastatic colorectal cancer cohort
Authors: H. Sorbye, A. Dragomir, M. Sundstrom, P. Pfeiffer, U. Thunberg, M. Bergfors, K. Aasebo, G. Eide, F. Ponten, C. Qvortrup, B. Glimelius
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Germline duplication of ATG2B and GSKIP predisposes to familial myeloid malignancies
Authors: Joseph Saliba, Cécile Saint-Martin, Antonio Di Stefano, Gaëlle Lenglet, Caroline Marty, Boris Keren, Florence Pasquier, Véronique Della Valle, Lise Secardin, Gwendoline Leroy, Emna Mahfoudhi, Sarah Grosjean, Nathalie Droin, M'boyba Diop, Philippe Dessen, Sabine Charrier, Alberta Palazzo, Jane Merlevede, Jean-Côme Meniane, Christine Delaunay-Darivon, Pascal Fuseau, Françoise Isnard, Nicole Casadevall, Eric Solary, Najet Debili, Olivier A Bernard, Hana Raslova, Albert Najman, William Vainchenker, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Isabelle Plo
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Exhaled Breath Condensate pH and Childhood Asthma
Authors: Nicolaos C. Nicolaou, Lesley A. Lowe, Clare S. Murray, Ashley Woodcock, Angela Simpson, Adnan Custovic
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONCONCLUSIONSReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Changes in &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;H-Thymidine Incorporation Into the DNA by Histones From Normal and Tumor Tissues&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: V Holoubek, L S Hnilica
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Attempts were made to isolate a factor from tumor tissue which, after injection, enhances the 3H-thymidine incorporation into the DNA of mice. This factor was in the cell nuclei and was extractable together with acid-soluble nuclear proteins (histones). Additional purification showed that this factor was either closely bound with the very lysine-rich histone (F1), or it was this histone itself. Acid-soluble nuclear proteins prepared from liver and thymus did not influence the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA after injection. The very lysine-rich histone (F1) in these extracts was in an inactive form. It could be activated by separation from other acid-soluble nuclear proteins. Purified, the very lysine-rich histone (F1) enhanced the 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA, regardless of its being prepared from tumor or nontumor tissues. By enhancing the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA after injection, the very lysine-rich histone (F1) significantly differed from arginine-rich (F2aF3) and lysine-rich (F2b) histones which suppressed the 3H-thymidine incorporation.
Percutaneous computed tomography-guided radiofrequency thermal ablation: Efficacy and safety in lung cancer
Authors: Ana Tavares e Castro, Fernando Alves, Sara Freitas, Antόnia Portilha, Alice Pêgo, Filipe Caseiro Alves
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous thermal radiofrequency ablation (RFTA) is a recently developed technique for the treatment of lung tumors with growing scientific evidence supporting its use.   Aim:  Characterize a population of patients with malignant lung tumors that underwent RFTA and evaluate its safety and efficacy.   Material and methods:  CT-guided percutaneous RFTA performed since 2004 were collected for data purpose. A CT scan performed before and after each procedure evaluated tumor9s size, shape and location and assessed immediate results and complications. A high-density area with a diameter equal to or greater than the initial tumor, surrounded by a ground-glass opacity was defined as complete tumor necrosis. The frequency of local recurrence and disease progression was calculated based on imaging follow-up. Population demographics, tumor9s histological type and primary lung cancer staging were also assessed.   Results:  A total of 29 tumor lesions (28 patients), 20 primary and 9 metastatic, underwent the procedure. Mean age was 69 yo (range: 16-81 yo). Lung adenocarcinoma and lung metastatic disease were the most frequent histological types, each accounting for 31%. TNM staging identified stage IIIA as the predominant (30%). Total necrosis was achieved in more than 95% of the cases. Procedure-related complications occurred in 55,2% and death in 3,4% of the cases. Mean survival rate post-RFTA was 21 months (range: 0-73 months). Disease-related mortality was 46,4%.   Conclusions:  CT-guided percutaneous RFTA is a minimally invasive procedure with proven efficacy in the treatment of lung tumors, associated to a low rate of major complications.
Functional, clinical evolution and cellular inflammatory pattern in induced sputum in patients with difficult-to-control asthma
Authors: Elisabet Vera, Elena Forcen, Jose Angel Carretero, Juan Antonio Domingo, Enrique Chacon, Angela Fernandez, Salvador Bello
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Patients with difficult-to- control asthma (DCA), show several phenotypes. Our aim is to identify phenotypic modifications over time in this patients.   Materials and methods:  Prospective study in subjects with DCA. Clinical status was evaluated by Asthma Control Test (ACT), exacerbations/6 months (E6M) and relief therapy use (RTU). Daily corticosteroids dose (inhaled -ICs- or oral -OCs-), lung function (FEV1), inflammatory and infectious bronchial status (FeNO, differential cell count and culture in induced sputum) for 6 months.   Results:  26 patients with DCA were enrolled. Outcomes at initial time (T0): ACT 15 (mean), FEV1 69% pred, ICs 1237 mcg and OCs 4.1 mg. RTU 1,2 times/day, E6M 4.3 and FENO 48 ppb. Six months after (T6) 12 patients improved ACT in three or more points. The patients improve ACT had a paucigranulocytic pattern. Patients with similar or poor ACT had an eosinophilic pattern in sputum. At T0 microbial pathogens (MP) were isolated in 2 of 3 patients with controlled asthma and after 6 months the bacterial cultures were negatives but the inflamatory pattern in sputum changed to paucigranulocytic form. In 2 patients with uncontrolled asthma were observed MP and their pattern changed to mixed form at T6.   Conclusions:  50%patients with DCA who improved their ACT on 6 months, show a paucigranulocytic pattern in sputum. Patients who didn9t improve showed aggressive patterns (eosinophilic, neutrophilic and mixed). There are individualized changes to beningn or aggressive patterns in sputum without improvement or worsening expected in ACT. Some patients had microbial colonization associated with aggressive patterns in sputum.
YAPing Hippo Forecasts a New Target for Lung Cancer Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Duojia Pan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2015.61.2093 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print June 8, 2015 PMID: 26056180 YAPing Hippo Forecasts a New Target for Lung Cancer Prevention and Treatment Duojia PanxDuojia PanSearch for articles by this author Show More Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2015.61.2093 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2015 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Adjuvant tamoxifen versus placebo in elderly women with node-positive breast cancer: long-term follow-up and causes of death.
Authors: F J Cummings, R Gray, D C Tormey, T E Davis, H Volk, J Harris, G Falkson, J M Bennett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE This study analyzes the long-term results and causes of death in elderly women with node-positive breast cancer who participated in a double-blind adjuvant trial that compared tamoxifen with placebo to determine the benefit of 2 years of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred eighty-one women 65 to 84 years old were given 20 mg of tamoxifen or placebo daily for 2 years after stratification by estrogen receptor status, tumor size, and degree of lymph node involvement. Approximately 30% of patients were older than 70 years and 20% were older than 75 years. Eighty-five percent were estrogen receptor-positive. Median follow-up was 10 years. RESULTS Among the 168 eligible patients, there have been 98 recurrences (59 placebo v 39 tamoxifen), with reduced distant and bone-only first sites in patients treated with tamoxifen. Median time to failure was 4.4 years for placebo versus 7.4 years for tamoxifen (log-rank P = .001). A similar number of new nonbreast cancers occurred in each arm (seven placebo v six tamoxifen), but a reduced number of opposite-breast cancers (five placebo v one tamoxifen) was noted. Overall, there were 102 deaths (57 placebo v 45 tamoxifen). Median survivals were 8.0 years with placebo and 8.5 years with tamoxifen (log-rank P = .063); 50% of the tamoxifen patients and 33% of the placebo patients are still alive. Sixty-one percent of the deaths were reported to have been caused by breast cancer recurrence, 4% by other cancers, and 22% by the sequelae of non-cancer-related illness, with equal distributions for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. There was no increase in the number of endometrial or other types of cancer, or thrombotic or orthopedic complications in this older group. CONCLUSION Tamoxifen currently is the treatment of choice for elderly women with breast cancer. It extends the time to treatment failure by 3 years and reduces the number of recurrences, deaths, distant and bone-only first recurrences, and second breast cancers.