tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of 10 day treatment with the CRTh2 antagonist QAV680 evaluated in patients with allergic rhinitis in an environmental exposure chamber
Authors: Veit J. Erpenbeck, Ann Marie Salapatek, Piyush Patel, Johanne Sanni, Gerald Dubois, Ping Zhou, Sheryl Perry, Michael Larbig
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Rationale 

QAV680 is an oral, selective, competitive, and reversible CRTh2 antagonist. The aim of the study was to determine the anti-allergic capacity of QAV680 using an environmental exposure chamber.

Methods 

The effect of QAV680 on seasonal allergic rhinitis was tested in a single-centre, partially-blinded placebo-controlled study. Patients randomised to the first 2 treatment arms (group A: QAV680 500 mg b.i.d. and group B: matched placebo) were crossed over after 10 days treatment in each arm, but patients in group C (open label nasal steroid quality control treatment group) received mometasone furoate only. Primary outcome was total nasal symptom score (TNSS) and % eosinophils from nasal lavage. Safety data was also recorded.

Results 

Of the 44 patients randomised (group A and B, n=35; group C, n=9), 84% completed the study. Oral QAV680 500 mg b.i.d. significantly reduced the TNSS during the last two hours of an 8 hour exposure on Day 10 compared to placebo (treatment difference: -1.2; p=0.011). TNSS data after mometasone furoate treatment confirmed the study sensitivity. There were no significant changes in eosinophils with any treatment. QAV680 was well tolerated with the proportion of patients with adverse events being similar to placebo (QAV680 = 40.6%; placebo = 43.8%). A single serious adverse event observed was appendicitis in a patient receiving QAV680.

Conclusion 

QAV680 500 mg b.i.d. significantly reduced the TNSS in patients with allergic rhinitis compared with placebo and appeared safe and well tolerated.
Abstract P6-16-12: Graded prognostic assessment for triple negative breast cancer brain metastases
Authors: Ming Chi, Vyshak Alva Venur, Jame Abraham, Thomas G Budd, Paul Elson, Manmeet S Ahluwalia
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background: Brain metastases is a serious complication of triple negative breast cancer (TBCBM). We evaluated prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in contemporary cohort of TBCBM patients treated at a tertiary care institution. Methods: With IRB approval, Cleveland Clinic’s database was used to identify BCBM patients treated between 2000 and 2013. OS from the diagnosis of TBCBM was the primary end point. Cox proportional hazards models with stepwise variable selection were used for data analysis. Results: One hundred forty three female patients were included for this analysis. Karnofsky performance scale (KPS) was 90-100 in 52 patients (39%), 70-80 in 50 (38%) and &amp;lt;70 in 30 (23%) patients. Sixty eight (49%) patients were treated with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT), 26 (19%) with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), 18 (13%) with WBRT and SRS, 13 (9%) underwent surgery and WBRT, 5 (4%) underwent surgery and SRS. Seventy nine percent (113/143) of patients are reported to have died. Overall survival was 8.3 months (95% C.I. 5.5-10.6). Disease specific graded prognostic assessment (GPA) for breast cancer brain metastases is based on KPS, age at diagnosis, and subtype. By definition triple negative patients fall into the lowest two GPA score groups. GPA was prognostic for survival (p=.05), however separation between groups was variable. Starting de-novo, KPS (but different coding than in the GPA), leptomeningeal disease, and the number of extracranial sites of disease at the time of diagnosis of TBCBM were found to be independently prognostic for survival (proportional hazards model, stratified by when brain metastases were diagnosed, and a stepwise selection algorithm). A new GPA was formulated by assigning "points" (weights) to the levels within each of these three factors that are proportional to the regression coefficient estimates in the final model and then adding the total number of points present. Prognostic Factors Impacting Survival of TBCBMFactorNumber of pointsHazard RatiopKPS0.31 (0.21-0.48)&amp;lt;.000180-1003 &amp;lt;/= 700 No. Extra-Cranial Mets0.42 (0.28-0.64)&amp;lt;.00010 or 12 &amp;gt;/= 20 Leptomeningeal Disease0.43 (0.26-0.71)0.001No2 Yes0 The new GPA consists of three groups: unfavorable, intermediate and favorable with OS of 2.7, 9.1 and 13.6 months respectively. New GPAGPANumber of pointsNumberMedian OS ( months)PFavorable736 (27%)13.6 Intermediate4-559 (45%)9.1 Unfavorable&amp;lt;/= 336 (27%)2.7 &amp;lt;0.0001 Conclusions: A novel GPA for TBCBM is proposed. Citation Format: Ming Chi, Vyshak Alva Venur, Jame Abraham, Thomas G Budd, Paul Elson, Manmeet S Ahluwalia. Graded prognostic assessment for triple negative breast cancer brain metastases [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P6-16-12.
New HIV Prevention Strategies Urged
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2004)

With no viable AIDS vaccine on the near horizon slowing the runaway train that is the worlds AIDS pandemic is going to require implementing other prevention strategies on a large scale. While much of the worlds attention has been on finding ways to make anti-HIV drug treatment accessible to the millions worldwide preventing new infections is crucial to keep treatment needs from continuing to outstrip treatment efforts said public health experts clinicians and others meeting here at the 15th International AIDS Conference. Without a greatly expanded prevention effort treatment is simply not sustainable said Peter Piot MD MPH who heads the United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). In an epidemic that is disproportionately affecting women due to biological and social factors a particularly urgent need is prevention methods women can control even without the cooperation of male partners said Zeda Rosenberg MD chief executive officer of the International Partnership for Microbicides. Currently available HIV prevention strategies—abstinence a monogamous relationship with an uninfected partner and condom use—while important are just not enough especially for women said Rosenberg. Married women or women who do not have control over if they have sex cannot choose abstinence and in most cases it is the male partner who chooses whether a condom is used she said. In addition many women who are faithful contract HIV from a husband or long-term partner who is not.  (excerpt)
US AIDS Research Office Chief: Intensify Vaccine, Prevention Research
Authors: J Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1479: The Effects of Computerized Referral and In-Hospital Visit on Local Compared to Statewide Cardiac Rehabilitation Enrollment
Authors: Lee Pierson, Amanda Cummings, James Heinsimer, Phil Mendys, Rebecca Johnson, Karen Craig, Mahesh Patel, William Kraus
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) remains low, and strategies to increase referral and participation are needed. In July 2008, a prompt for referral to CR was added to the computerized physician order entry (CPOE) system at Duke Hospital as part of a hospital admission order set. This intervention increased referrals and surpassed the ability of CR staff to visit all CR-eligible patients while in the hospital. Two approaches were taken: an in-hospital visit for patients who live within a tri-county area around Duke, and a mailed referral to the nearest CR program for patients who live outside the tri-county area. We examined the effect of our process improvement changes on local CR referral and enrollment versus statewide trends.   Methods:  CR programs in the state of NC were polled regarding their enrollment over the 5 months before and 5 months after process improvement changes were made. Enrollment means and ranges were calculated for all CR programs before and after the CPOE and personal referral intervention. The programs were divided into those that were in the tri-county area surrounding Duke, and those that were outside the tri-county area.   Results:  There were 1845 patients discharged from Duke Hospital over the 10 months of this study who met CR eligibility (980 before and 865 after CPOE intervention respectively). Of these, 38% were referred for CR before, and 82% were referred for CR after the CPOE intervention. There were 28 CR programs that responded to the poll.   Conclusion:  The combination of CPOE and in-hospital CR referral led to an increase in enrollment in all 4 tri-county CR programs. These process improvements while in the hospital tripled enrollment in Duke CR. In contrast, there is cause for concern about decreased enrollment in 67% of CR programs outside the tri-county area, perhaps reflecting increased financial barriers such as increased co-payments and travel costs.
Safety of bosutinib versus imatinib in the phase 3 BELA trial in newly diagnosed chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia
Authors: Carlo Gambacorti‐Passerini, Jorge E. Cortes, Jeff H. Lipton, Anna Dmoszynska, Raymond S. Wong, Victor Rossiev, Dmitri Pavlov, Karin Gogat Marchant, Ladan Duvillié, Navin Khattry, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Tim H. Brümmendorf
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Bosutinib, an orally active, Src/Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor, has demonstrated clinical activity and acceptable tolerability in chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CP CML). This updated analysis of the BELA trial assessed the safety profile and management of toxicities of bosutinib versus imatinib in adults with newly diagnosed (≤6 months) CP CML after &gt;30 months from accrual completion. Among patients randomized to bosutinib 500 mg/d ( n = 250) or imatinib 400 mg/d ( n = 252), 248 and 251, respectively, received ≥1 dose of study treatment. Adverse events (AEs; any grade) with bosutinib versus imatinib were significantly more common for certain gastrointestinal events (diarrhea, 70% vs. 26%; P &lt; 0.001; vomiting, 33% vs. 16%; P &lt; 0.001), alanine aminotransferase (33% vs. 9%; P &lt; 0.001) and aspartate aminotransferase (28% vs. 10%; P &lt; 0.001) elevations, and pyrexia (19% vs. 12%; P = 0.046). AEs significantly less common with bosutinib included edema (periorbital, 2% vs. 14%; P &lt; 0.001; peripheral, 5% vs. 12%; P = 0.006), musculoskeletal (myalgia, 5% vs. 12%; P = 0.010; muscle cramps, 5% vs. 22%; P &lt; 0.001; bone pain, 4% vs. 11%; P = 0.003), increased creatine phosphokinase (8% vs. 20%; P &lt; 0.001), neutropenia (13% vs. 30%; P &lt; 0.001), and leukopenia (9% vs. 22%; P &lt; 0.001). Between‐group differences in the incidence of cardiac and vascular AEs were not significant. Diarrhea was typically transient, mostly Grade 1/2, occurring early during treatment, and was manageable with antidiarrheal medication. Despite higher rates of aminotransferase elevation with bosutinib, events were managed in most patients with dose modification and/or concomitant medication. Bosutinib had a manageable safety profile distinct from that of imatinib in patients with newly diagnosed CP CML. Am. J. Hematol. 89:947–953, 2014. © 2014 The Authors. American Journal of Hematology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Are biological factors able to predict response to chemotherapy (CT) in advanced Non Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) ?: A feasibility study of tumour samplings
Authors: Thierry Berghmans, Céline Mascaux, Jean-Jacques Lafitte, Anne-Pascale Meert, Arnaud Scherpereel, Marianne Paesmans, Ingrid CsToth, Lucas Willems, Nathalie Leclercq, Jean-Paul Sculier
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)
Immunological mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy
Authors: M. Jutel, C. A. Akdis
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Jutel M, Akdis CA. Immunological mechanisms of allergen-specific immunotherapy. Allergy 2011; 66: 725–732. Abstract The studies on the mechanisms of specific immunotherapy (SIT) point out its targets that decide on the efficacy of SIT and hence might be used for its further improvement. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the beneficial effects of immunotherapy. The knowledge of the mechanisms underlying allergic diseases and curative treatment possibilities has experienced exciting advances over the last three decades. Studies in several clinical trials in allergen-SIT have demonstrated that the induction of a tolerant state against allergens in many ways represents a key step in the development of a healthy immune response against allergens. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been demonstrated: allergen-specific suppressive capacities of both inducible subsets of CD4+ CD25+ forkhead box P3+ T-regulatory and IL-10-secreting type 1 T-regulatory cells increase in peripheral blood; suppression of eosinophils, mast cells, and basophils; Ab isotype change from IgE to IgG4. This review aims at the better understanding of the observed immunological changes associated with allergen SIT.
Abstract 12946: Higher Burden of Atrial Fibrillation is Independently Associated With Lower Cognitive Function: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Lin Y Chen, Sunil K Agarwal, Faye L Lopez, Rebecca F Gottesman, Laura R Loehr, Elsayed Z Soliman, Thomas H Mosley, Aaron R Folsom, Josef Coresh, Alvaro Alonso
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with greater cognitive decline and increased risk of dementia. However, it is unknown whether AF burden (% of time a person is in AF) is associated with cognition. We aimed to assess the cross-sectional association of AF burden with cognitive test scores in the ARIC study, a community-based prospective cohort study in the USA. Methods: We included 325 (mean age, 76.9 ± 5.2 years; 52.9% female) participants who underwent cognitive tests (Table) and ≥2 days of heart rhythm recording using the Zio ® Patch (a non-invasive, leadless, 2-week continuous ECG recording device by iRhythm Techonologies, Inc.) in July 2013-March 2014. We used multivariable linear regression to assess the association of AF burden (dichotomized at the median) with standardized z-scores of cognitive tests. Results: The mean wear and analysis time of the Zio ® Patch were 13.1 ± 2.1 and 12.7 ± 2.3 days, respectively. Of 325 participants, 13 (4.0%) had a prior ischemic stroke. There were 26 (8%) participants with AF recorded (median AF burden among participants with AF, 51%), of whom 4 (15.4%) had a prior ischemic stroke. Compared with absence of AF, higher AF burden was independently associated with lower MMSE, DWR, and AN scores, but not DSS and CTP. Conclusions: Higher burden of AF is independently associated with lower cognitive function, specifically memory and verbal function. This association needs to be confirmed prospectively and further research is needed to elucidate its mechanism.
Metabolic Control of the Circulation
Authors: Chang-Seng Liang, John M. Lowenstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Chloralose-anesthetized dogs were infused intravenously with either Tris-acetate or Tris-pyruvate at 0.0375, 0.075, and 0.15 mmol/kg per min successively, each for 20 min. Acetate infusion increased cardiac output, left ventricular dP/dt and dP/dt/P, and coronary blood flow, while pyruvate infusion did not. Infusions of either substance increased arterial blood and skeletal muscle concentrations of citrate and malate, but only acetate infusion increased the tissue AMP content and decreased the ATP:AMP ratio. The increase in cardiac output produced by acetate was accompanied by an increase in total body oxygen consumption and a decrease in the difference between arterial and mixed venous blood oxygen.
Abstract 14203: Risk Factors for the Development of Carotid Artery Plaque: The Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Joseph F Polak, Lei Zhu, Michael J Pencina, Philip A Wolf, Ralph B D'Agostino
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Internal carotid artery plaque defined as maximum intima-media thickness (IMT) >1.5 mm is a predictor of cardiovascular events. Risk factors predicting new plaque formation are not well...
An amnesty for unpublished trials
Authors: I. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A year ago the editors of 50-100 medical journals called an amnesty for unpublished trials.1 Investigators with unreported trial data were invited to register their trials by completing an unreported trial registration form. The aim was to tap the silent subterranean pool of unpublished research and, by bringing these data to the surface, to increase the power of systematic reviews and reduce the effects of publication bias. In this respect the amnesty was a flop. To date, only 165 trials have been registered2—a drop in the ocean of unpublished research. But perhaps this is being too negative. Most of the …
Lehrbuch der Histologie und Histogenese.
Authors: Josef Schaffer
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Generation of Cells With Hodgkin’s and Reed-Sternberg Phenotype Through Downregulation of CD99 (Mic2)
Authors: Soon Ha Kim, Eun Young Choi, Young Kee Shin, Tae Jin Kim, Doo Hyun Chung, Sung Ik Chang, Noe Kyeong Kim, Seong Hoe Park
Journal: Blood (1998)
Targeted treatment of pruritus: a look into the future
Authors: H.L. Tey, G. Yosipovitch
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Recent advances in pruritus research have elucidated mediators and neuronal pathways involved in itch transmission, and this fast emerging knowledge may possibly be translated into new therapies in the near future. In the skin and peripheral nerves, potential mediator and receptor therapeutic targets include the H4 histamine receptor, protease-activated receptor 2, serine proteases, cathepsin S, peripheral mu- and kappa-opioid receptors, interleukin-31, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and 3, fatty acid amide hydrolase, nerve growth factor and its receptor, acetylcholine, and the Mas-related G protein-coupled receptors. In the spinal cord, gastrin-related peptide and its receptor, as well as substance P and its receptor neurokinin receptor-1 serve as potential therapeutic targets. In the brain, reduction of itch perception and modulation of emotions may possibly be achieved through drugs acting on the anterior cingulate cortex. Clinically, management of pruritus should be instituted early and should address the skin pathology, peripheral neuropathy, central sensitization, and the cognito-affective aspects of the disease.
Syphilis Rates Rise Among Men
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Texas Southwestern Medical Center, in Dallas. “This is . . . a contentious debate that’s been going on for years as to whether BMI, waist measurement, or waist-to-hip ratio is the best measure, and I don’t think one paper can resolve this issue,” Grundy said. “All are highly correlated and a lot has to do with statistical analysis, so some papers show one thing and some papers show something else.” Grundy was chair of the executive committee that wrote a scientific statement on the metabolic syndrome issued in September by the American Heart Association and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The statement, which established diagnostic criteria for the metabolic syndrome in the United States, uses waist circumference as one criterion for diagnosing the syndrome. Men with a waist circumference of 40 inches or more and women with a waist circumference of 35 inches or more are considered to have one of the criteria for the metabolic syndrome. The scientific statement also says a lower waist circumference cut point appears to be appropriate for Asian Americans. “Here’s the problem with waist-tohip: Some people may be thin and have an abnormal waist-to-hip ratio, and for others it may not be so high,” Grundy said. “Most people think it’s the fat itself that’s driving the problem, so the ratio may hold for populations, but it doesn’t necessarily mean for you and me it’s as good as measuring our waist circumference.” While the debate on the best measure of obesity and cardiovascular risk apparently will continue, Sharma did make the point that BMI should not be dismissed altogether. “We should not throw out BMI completely. There are issues such as arthritis, cancer, and quality of life that are all related to a person’s size,” Sharma said. “But [for assessing] obesity and cardiac risk, BMI is not just as good” as the waist-to-hip ratio.
Abstract 11245: Simultaneous PET/MRI With [64Cu]-DOTATATE Image Activated Macrophages in-vivo in Patients With Atherosclerosis
Authors: Sune F Pedersen, Benjamin V Sandholt, Adam E Hansen, Sune H Keller, Henrik Sillesen, Rasmus S Ripa, Liselotte Højgaard, Andreas Kjær
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Molecular imaging can potentially identify vulnerable plaques. Macrophages are essential in plaque development and can be imaged using our novel [64Cu]-DOTATATE tracer. Hypothesis: Specific and sensitive assessment of the somatostatin receptor by [64Cu]-DOTATATE-PET combined with superior soft tissue resolution of MRI allow in-vivo evaluation of activated macrophages in human carotid plaques. Methods: Patients with clinical indication for carotid endarterectomy were prospectively included for simultaneous PET/MRI (Siemens Biograph mMR) after injection of [64Cu]-DOTATATE. PET/MRI of the carotid plaque was performed a median of 77 min after injection and included four MRI sequences. Regions of interest were drawn to include the carotid plaque and tracer uptake (SUVmean) was calculated. Carotid endarterectomy was performed the next day. Plaque specimens were sliced and aligned to the PET/MRI slices. Activated macrophages (CD163) and all macrophages (CD68) were assessed by gene expression analys...