tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Address ON FLAIL JOINTS AND THEIR TREATMENT: Delivered to the American College of Surgeons, October, 1919
Authors: R. Jones
Journal: BMJ (1920)

ONE of tlhe common products of the results of war injuries is, the flail joint; in other words, a pseudarthrosis which is of very imperfect function, because the bones forming it do not come in contact, and, in consequence, the lever is imperfect because it has no fulcrum.'The greater number of these disabilities are the direct results of excisions deliberately performed at casualty-clearing stations or base hospitals.'They were performed in order to, save the limb from amputation, or the patient from death by minimiz- ing local sepsis and preventing general sepsis.Joints are difficult to drain, and the excision simplified the immediate problem.The only competent judges of the neces- sity of these measures were the surgeons at the front, upon whom rested so mnany grave.responsibilities.,It is our duty to recognize this, and to try to make suggestions for the immediate and later treatment of these loose joints in order to minimize the loss of function.It is well, however, to realise, as judged from cases which have arrived at our centres, that upon the type of resection largely depends good or bad function.Cases of da-called limited resection lhave resulted in better function than where the excisi6n has been -extensive.Furthermore, eases in which the sepsis has been overcomne and the bones allowed to remain in position have resulted usually in very good and firm ankylosis with excellent function if the position of election has been maintained.There is no reason wlhy any joint should be allowed to heal at functional disadvantage.This, however, is even yet not
Henry Tonks's war pictures
Authors: J. Moore
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Henry Tonks (1862-1937) was a surgeon before becoming an established artist and teacher at the Slade School of Art. At the outbreak of the first world war he joined the Royal Army Medical Corps, was appointed an official war artist, and visited the western front several times. Tonks’s pictures record the consequences of the great war, which left 15 million people dead and countless more wounded. His pastels and watercolours combine anatomical accuracy and attention to detail with emotional understanding. These qualities are evident in Saline Infusion , which depicts the pain of the patient and …
Authorship for Research Groups
Authors: Annette Flanagin
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of micronutrients on metal toxicity.
Authors: M A Peraza, F Ayala-Fierro, D S Barber, E Casarez, L T Rael
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1998)

There is growing evidence that micronutrient intake has a significant effect on the toxicity and carcinogenesis caused by various chemicals. This paper examines the effect of micronutrient status on the toxicity of four nonessential metals: cadmium, lead, mercury, and arsenic. Unfortunately, few studies have directly examined the effect of dietary deficiency or supplementation on metal toxicity. More commonly, the effect of dietary alteration must be deduced from the results of mechanistic studies. We have chosen to separate the effect of micronutrients on toxic metals into three classes: interaction between essential micronutrients and toxic metals during uptake, binding, and excretion; influence of micronutrients on the metabolism of toxic metals; and effect of micronutrients on secondary toxic effects of metals. Based on data from mechanistic studies, the ability of micronutrients to modulate the toxicity of metals is indisputable. Micronutrients interact with toxic metals at several points in the body: absorption and excretion of toxic metals; transport of metals in the body; binding to target proteins; metabolism and sequestration of toxic metals; and finally, in secondary mechanisms of toxicity such as oxidative stress. Therefore, people eating a diet deficient in micronutrients will be predisposed to toxicity from nonessential metals.
Triple-Nucleoside Regimens versus Efavirenz-Containing Regimens for the Initial Treatment of HIV-1 Infection
Authors: Roy M. Gulick, Heather J. Ribaudo, Cecilia M. Shikuma, Stephanie Lustgarten, Kathleen E. Squires, William A. Meyer, Edward P. Acosta, Bruce R. Schackman, Christopher D. Pilcher, Robert L. Murphy, William E. Maher, Mallory D. Witt, Richard C. Reichman, Sally Snyder, Karin L. Klingman, Daniel R. Kuritzkes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Regimens containing three nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors offer an alternative to regimens containing nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors or protease inhibitors for the initial treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, but data from direct comparisons are limited.
Treatment Guidelines for Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism
Authors: Mark H. Brakke
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —I have several questions about the article by Dr Singer and colleagues.<sup>1</sup>At the end of the abstract, the authors state that the guidelines are written with the "expectation that more effective care can be provided, and at a cost savings." As the guidelines do not seem to depart in any particularly radical fashion from current practice, I would be interested in hearing the author's explanation for the cost savings. The article suggests that patients who are being treated with levothyroxine for hypothyroidism should have thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations measured annually. My own observations lead me to feel comfortable with a 2-year interval between measuring TSH in otherwise healthy, stable asymptomatic patients (who have been on the same dose of levothyroxine sodium for at least a year with two normal TSH measurements a year apart). Can the authors provide any data to suggest that a 2-year
The Dying Patient, the Physician, and the Fear of Death
Authors: E P Seravalli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Whenever I have been with someone in the final stages of a fatal illness, I have found myself unable to communicate with the dying person as I did before. I have sensed a growing separation that led to uneasiness the moment I entered the room. Reflecting on the loss of communication that begins when someone has no more hope of survival, I realized that I had always thought of the world of the dying as something that nobody could or should violate. Therefore, I expected the dying person to come to me rather than my going to him or her. . . .
Agonist-Induced Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Promotes Vasoconstriction Through the Epidermal Growth Factor–Receptor Pathway
Authors: Li Hao, Min Du, Ana Lopez-Campistrous, Carlos Fernandez-Patron
Journal: Circulation Research (2003)

Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-dependent shedding of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor (HB-EGF) and subsequent activation of the EGF receptor (EGFR) in the cardiovasculature is emerging as a unique mechanism signaling growth effects of diverse G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs). Among these GPCRs are adrenoceptors and angiotensin receptors that contribute to the pathogenesis of hypertension through their vasoconstrictive and growth effects. Focusing on α 1b -adrenoceptors, we suggest here that MMP-dependent activation of the EGFR promotes vasoconstriction as well as growth. We identified MMP-7 as a major HB-EGF sheddase in rat mesenteric arteries and α 1b -adrenoceptors, angiotensin receptors, and hypertension-stimulated MMP-7 activity. Adrenoceptors stimulated EGFR autophosphorylation in arteries, and this transactivation was opposed by the MMP-7 inhibitor GM6001 as well as MMP-7–specific antibodies. In isolated microperfused arteries, blockade of EGFR transactivation with inhibitors of the EGFR (AG1478 and PD153035), HB-EGF (CRM197 and neutralizing antibodies), or MMPs (doxycycline) inhibited adrenergic vasoconstriction. In spontaneously hypertensive rats but not in normotensive rats, the inhibition of MMPs with doxycycline (19.2 mg/d from week 7 until week 12) reduced systolic blood pressure and attenuated HB-EGF shedding in the mesenteric arteries. These findings suggest a previously unknown mechanism of vasoregulation whereby agonists of certain GPCRs (such as adrenoceptors and angiotensin receptors) activate MMPs (such as MMP-7) that shed EGFR ligands (such as HB-EGF), which then activate the EGFR, thereby promoting vasoconstriction as well as growth. Because this mechanism is triggered by agonists typically overexpressed in hypertension, its blockade may have therapeutic potential for simultaneously inhibiting pathological vasoconstriction and growth in hypertensive disorders.
Multiple Personality, an Experimental Investigation Into the Nature of Human Individuality.
Authors: Boris Sidis, Simon Philip Goodhart
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Treatment of Obesity in Adults-Reply
Authors: William R. Hendee
Journal: JAMA (1989)

In Reply.—  We concur with Dr Jones' comments on the great strides that have been made in treating morbid obesity. However, the focus of the Council on Scientific Affairs' report was on the medical management of obese individuals. It was not possible to include discussions of the surgical management of morbid obesity in a report of this length.  With regard to Dr Stoll's comments, the Council Report provides general information on the treatment of obesity in adults and reflects the views of the scientific literature. Exceptions to the proposed treatment may occur because of circumstances involved in an individual case. If a patient has failed to respond to other less stringent treatment modalities for obesity, the physician may choose to prescribe a very-low-energy diet to achieve the desired weight loss in a given individual.  Dr Beasley's comments regarding energy restriction and its potential effect on future weight gain are well
Beyond Generic Occurrence Screening
Authors: Dennis S. O'Leary
Journal: JAMA (1991)

THE DEMANDS and the needs for better measures of quality of care are now compelling issues. The demands arise from those who would use performance data as at least one basis for selecting good hospitals, physicians, and other care providers. Corresponding needs exist within health care organizations and among external review entities, such as accrediting bodies and peer review organizations. In this regard, the excellent review by Sanazaro and Mills<sup>1</sup>in this issue ofThe Journalis both timely and worrisome. Generic occurrence screens today are commonly accepted as the state-of-the-art performance measures. However, their limitations are becoming increasingly apparent as more sophisticated approaches to quality assessment are being developed. Meanwhile, would-be data purveyors are establishing their own databases or are drawing performance information from databases that were not designed to support quality assessment activities. Professional frustration over data misuse and misinterpretation is now widespread. The professional community faces
Monoclonal alloantibodies specific for the constant region of T cell antigen receptors.
Authors: T Tokuhisa, Y Komatsu, Y Uchida, M Taniguchi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

We established three distinct monoclonal antibodies (7C5, 7D1; IgM and 6A4; IgG1) by the fusion of P3U1 and BALB/c (Igh-1a) spleen cells hyperimmunized with T cell blasts from the immunoglobulin heavy chain (Igh) allotype congenic CB-20 (Igh-1b) mice. The 7C5 or 6A4 antibody reacts with the constant region determinants on the antigen-binding molecule (Ct) of the antigen-specific suppressor T cell factor (TsF) or augmenting T cell factor (TaF), respectively. The 7D1 antibody, however, recognizes the shared determinants on the Ct molecules of TsF and TaF. Genetic studies of determinants recognized by these monoclonal antibodies have also suggested that the distinct Ct molecules of TsF and TaF are encoded by two discrete genes linked to the Igh-1b genes, which are located on the right side of the variable genes of Igh on the 12th chromosome. By using the immunoadsorbent columns of 6A4 antibody and anti-I-Ab, TaF, in a manner similar to TsF, was demonstrated to be composed of two chains, i.e., the Ct molecules and the I-A-encoded products. Furthermore, the Ct-bearing molecules were shown to possess the antigen-binding moiety.
Contact dermatitis to nasturtium
Authors: E. Derrick, C. Darley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article Contact dermatitis to nasturtium Get access E. Derrick, E. Derrick Department of Dermatology, Brighton General Hospital, Elm Grove, Brighton BN2 3EW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Darley C. Darley Department of Dermatology, Brighton General Hospital, Elm Grove, Brighton BN2 3EW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 136, Issue 2, 1 February 1997, Pages 290–291, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1997.tb14921.x Published: 01 February 1997
Bullous pemphigoid with figurate erythema associated with carcinoma of the bronchus
Authors: R. A. C. GRAHAM-BROWN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article Bullous pemphigoid with figurate erythema associated with carcinoma of the bronchus Get access R. A. C. GRAHAM‐BROWN R. A. C. GRAHAM‐BROWN Department of Dermatology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE15WW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue 3, 1 September 1987, Pages 385–388, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb04147.x Published: 01 September 1987
Tranexamic acid reduced mortality in trauma patients who were bleeding or at risk for bleeding
Authors: William J. Meurer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

Source Citation Roberts I, Shakur H, Coats T, et al. The CRASH-2 trial: a randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation of the effects of tranexamic acid on death, vascular occlusive events and transfusion requirement in bleeding trauma patients. Health Technol Assess. 2013;17:1-79. 23477634
Internal tandem duplication of FLT3 in relapsed acute myeloid leukemia: a comparative analysis of bone marrow samples from 108 adult patients at diagnosis and relapse
Authors: Lee-Yung Shih, Chein-Fuang Huang, Jin-Hou Wu, Tung-Liang Lin, Po Dunn, Po-Nan Wang, Ming-Chung Kuo, Chang-Liang Lai, Hui-Chin Hsu
Journal: Blood (2002)
Interpretation of Subgroup Analyses in Randomized Trials: Heterogeneity Versus Secondary Interventions
Authors: Tyler J. VanderWeele, Mirjam J. Knol
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

In randomized trials with subgroup analyses, the primary treatment or intervention of interest is randomized, but the secondary factors defining subgroups are not. This article clarifies when confounding is an issue in subgroup analyses. If investigators are interested simply in targeting subpopulations for intervention, control for confounding is not needed. If investigators are interested in intervening on the secondary factors that define the subgroups to increase the treatment effect or in attributing the subgroup differences to the secondary factors themselves, then confounding is relevant and must be controlled for. The authors demonstrate this point by using examples from published randomized trials.
Bone Metastases and Bone Pain in Breast Cancer
Authors: Dov Front, Silvio O. Schneck, Alexander Frankel, Eliezer Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1979)

One hundred ninety patients with breast cancer were prospectively evaluated for bone pain and had technetium Tc 99m-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy for bone metastases. Of the 66 patients showing evidence for bone metastases, 21 (32%) did not have bone pain. There were 155 sites of skeletal metastases, but pain was found only in 50 sites. The age of the patient or involvement of weight-bearing bones did not seem to affect the association between bone metastases and pain. We discuss the need for periodic bone scintigraphy, even when the clinical state does not seem to warrant it.
Some Recent Advances in Endocrinology
Authors: G. I. M. Swyer
Journal: BMJ (1956)

we took some of those with deep psychological insight and humanitarian instincts as our guides-men like William Shakespeare and Robert Burns-than we might learn to do greater justice to our common humanity.But the final word would be with the Apostle Paul when, in the Epistle to the Romans vii. 1, he inquires: "Know ye not, brethren, (for I speak to them that know the law,) how that the law hath dominion over a man as long as he liveth ?"
Computer evaluation of acid-base disorders
Authors: Howard L. Bleich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

With the advent of electronic computers that operate in the time-sharing mode, it has become possible to develop an automated system that can assist a physician in solving clinical problems. In the present study a teletype terminal has been linked to a time-sharing computer which has been programmed to evaluate clinical and laboratory information concerning patients with acid-base disorders. The program checks the data for evidence of internal consistency and requests additional information as needed to solve the acid-base aspects of the clinical problem. If sufficient information is provided, the program generates an evaluation note designed to review with the physician the pathophysiology of the disorder and to assist him in its management. If the input data are incomplete, the program draws the most useful conclusions possible based on the data provided, specifies the limitations which pertain to these conclusions, suggests further studies designed to circumvent these limitations, and while awaiting the results, suggests appropriate interim therapeutic measures. The time required to enter a patient's data and to print the evaluation note is approximately 4 min; the cost is comparable to that of many laboratory tests.
Acromegaly and Gastrointestinal Adenocarcinomas
Authors: Frederick H. Ziel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections15 September 1988Acromegaly and Gastrointestinal AdenocarcinomasFrederick H. Ziel, MD, Anne L. Peters, MDFrederick H. Ziel, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Anne L. Peters, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-6-514_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:The long-term management of acromegalic patients should include screening for colonic polyps and colon carcinoma as reported by Klein and colleagues (1) and Ituarte and colleagues (2). This screening is especially important, as patients usually have many years of exposure to excess growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1, either because their diagnosis is often delayed or their response to conventional treatments is slow or incomplete (3). This prolonged exposure to excess growth factors may promote tumorigenesis (1). In the past year, the three patients with acromegaly who were treated at our endocrine clinic were found to...References1. KleinParveenGavalerVanthiel IGJD. Colonic polyps in patients with acromegaly. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:27-30. LinkGoogle Scholar2. ItuartePetnniHershman EJJ. Acromegaly and colon cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:627-8. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Reichlin S. Acromegaly. Medical Grand Rounds. 1982;1:9-24. Google Scholar4. MelmedZielDownsBraunsteinFrohman SFTGL. Medical management of acromegaly due to ectopic production of growth hormone releasing hormone by a carcinoid tumor. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1988: [In press]. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center UCLA School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA 90048 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIs Diabetes a Risk Factor for Colorectal Cancer?Acromegaly, growth hormone and cancer riskCancers Associated with AcromegalyRisk of Colorectal Neoplasm in Patients with Acromegaly and its Relationship with Serum Growth Hormone LevelsAcromegaly and CancerInsulin, Insulin-Like Growth Factors and Colon Cancer: A Review of the EvidenceInsulin-Like Growth Factor I and the Development of Colorectal Neoplasia in Acromegaly*Vegan proteins may reduce risk of cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular disease by promoting increased glucagon activityCancer in AcromegalyNutrition, hormones, and breast cancer: Is insulin the missing link?Insulin and colon cancerAcromegaly and gastrointestinal cancer 15 September 1988Volume 109, Issue 6Page: 514-515KeywordsAcromegalyAdenocarcinomaColonGrowth factorsGrowth hormoneInsulin like growth factor 1 Issue Published: 15 September 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...