tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Television show questions statins to boost ratings, Dutch doctors claim
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Dutch doctors are calling for restrictions on television programmes that they claim deliberately use matters of patient safety to boost viewing figures. This follows angry reactions from medical bodies to a consumer affairs programme that questioned whether high concentrations of cholesterol in blood increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.

The programme, Radar , broadcast by television company Televisie Radio Omroep Stichting, also raised doubts about the safety of prescribing statins to combat high cholesterol.

Doctors fear that some of the one million Dutch patients who are taking statins may stop without consulting their doctor and, therefore, risk future heart attacks.

In a complaint to the Healthcare Inspectorate, the …
Pigmented Bowen's disease
Authors: None Papageorgiou, None Koumarianou, None Chu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

We describe two Afro‐Caribbean women who presented with pigmented Bowen's disease. One, a 44‐year‐old woman, developed a sharply demarcated, irregularly marginated, hyperpigmented plaque with a velvety surface in the perianal area. The other, a 25‐year‐old woman, developed a well defined, verrucous, hyperpigmented patch on the umbilicus. Histology showed that both cases were Bowen's disease, and subsequent treatment with 5‐fluorouracil and cryotherapy led to complete resolution.
Transurethral resection of large prostates.
Authors: D Marsh, R H Whitaker
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A total of 102 men (mean age 70) underwent transurethral resection of the prostate. The weight of the resected prostate ranged from 40 to 152 g. Two deaths occurred in patients aged 85 and 92 years, both of whom were generally unfit. The average postoperative stay in hospital was 8.3 days. The proportions of patients with incontinence, infection, and stricture were similar to those in other series of resections and open prostatectomies, suggesting that resection of the larger prostate is safe and an acceptable alternative to an open operation.
Get more for less
Authors: E. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Getting a bang for your buck is hardly a concept restricted to US healthcare, but in the world’s highest spending country a greater bang for those healthcare bucks is constantly top of the agenda.

Although much of the focus on achieving this is on federal health reform and the national system, several of the best examples of how this can be done are to be found at a very local level.

One such example is the Nuka system in Alaska. …
THE EXAMINATION OF THE EYE BY DIRECT SUNLIGHT
Authors: EDWARD JACKSON
Journal: JAMA (1922)

It is a striking fact that the utilization of ordinary daylight in the lighting of the interior of buildings has been less developed than the arrangement and supply of artificial light. It is equally true that in the darkroom examination of the eye, direct sunlight has been very much neglected, while great ingenuity has been expended in producing and adapting to the purpose various forms of artificial light. Whether this is due to the existence of illuminating engineers and makers of apparatus chiefly interested in exploiting artificial light need not here be discussed, but we must recognize the fact.  Direct sunlight is not always available for the examination of the eye. But when available it possesses these advantages: It gives the standard illumination from which to judge or analyze colors; it gives light of maximum amount and intensity, easily reducible to any desired degree. But in order that it can
On Oral, Gastric, and Duodenal Dyspepsia
Authors: H. Browne
Journal: BMJ (1865)

rBead before the Mfanchester Medical Society, Oetober 1885.]BELIEVING, with Shakespeare, that there are many things in heaven and earth not dreamt of in our philosophy-yet, in our philosophy, it appears to me, we cannot do better than adopt the positivism of Comte.At all events, his classification of phenomena, from the simpler to the more complex, seems so natural, as to suggest the doubt whether, after all, it is a discovery or not.I suppose most of us had adopted some such order long before we knew any- thing of the positive philosophy; and certainly we had been taught by authority a good deal about altruism, and the supremacy in rank of the moral over the intellectual faculties-two other mach vaunted soi-disant discoveries of Comte.Certainly it will save us from some prevalent errors to bear in mind "the hierarchy of the sci- ences."The body of man, of which we have to secure, as best we may, the soundness of the solids, the purity of the fluids, and the ease of the spirits, is not merely a machine; though it is a machine, made on the most approved principles of mechanics, hydraulics, and pneumatics.It is not merely a chemi- cal laboratory, though in it the highest phenomena claimed by the chemists are to be found; viz., those of catalysis, dialysis, and fermentation.And it is not merely an organsm, though in it functions exist which the positivists themselves are constrained to range under some such term as physiological or bio- logical.There are other phenomena which belong
Cryogenic Surgery of the Basal Ganglia
Authors: Irving S. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Apparatus for the highly localized application of cold at various degrees from room temperature down to —190° C. (—310° F.) makes it possible to cause either temporary paralysis or permanent destruction of selected portions of the nervous system. The technique of cryogenic surgery consists of first applying moderate cold to identify the locus of abnormal neural activity and then intense cold to make a circumscribed lesion there. This paper reports the results of 2,060 applications of cryogenic surgery for the relief of the tremor and rigidity of parkinsonism and 150 applications for relief of other dystonic or hyperkinetic disorders. Since the lesion produced in the brain is sharply delimited and essentially nonhemorrhagic, the incidence of complications has been low, and in a series of 100 consecutive cases there was relief of symptoms in 90 cases with no deaths.
Detecting Gastric Malignancy After Gastrectomy
Authors: DIANE L. ELLIOT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1982Detecting Gastric Malignancy After GastrectomyDIANE L. ELLIOT, M.D., JAMES B. REULER, M.D.DIANE L. ELLIOT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES B. REULER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-5-784_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Because Annals has been a forum for the critical review of the risks, costs, and benefits of screening techniques (1), we were surprised by the recent editorial advocating the use of routine endoscopy and biopsy as a screening tool for detection of early gastric malignancy in patients 10 to 15 years after partial gastrectomy (2).An increased prevalence of gastric cancer has been found in certain groups of patients 20 to 25 years after partial gastrectomy (3, 4). However, the survey techniques have included symptomatic patients and have not accounted for the large number of patients who...References1. . Periodic health examination: a guide for designing individualized preventive health care in the asymptomatic patient. Ann Intern Med. 1981;95:729-32. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GREENO'TOOLE PK. Early gastric cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1982;97:272-3. LinkGoogle Scholar3. SCHRUMPFSERCK-HANSSENAUNEMYRENOSNES EASJM. Mucosal changes in the gastric stump 20-25 years after partial gastrectomy. Lancet. 1977;2:467-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. DOMMELLOTERIKSSONJANUNGER LSK. Late precancerous changes and carcinoma of the gastric stump after Billroth I resection. Am J Surg. 1976;132:26-31. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. HIGGINSON J. Worldwide review of epidemiology of gastric cancer. In: HIRAYAMA T, ed. Epidemiology of stomach cancer: key questions and answers. Japan: WHO Collaborating Center for Evaluation of Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment of Stomach Cancer; 1977: 81-92. Google Scholar6. ROSSSMITHANDERSONSMALL AMJW. Late mortality after surgery for peptic ulcer. N Engl J Med. 1982;307:519-22. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Oregon Health Science University Portland, OR 97201 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByRisk of stomach cancer after gastric surgery for benign conditions 1 November 1982Volume 97, Issue 5Page: 784-784KeywordsBiopsyEndoscopyGastrectomyGastric cancerPatient advocacy Issue Published: 1 November 1982 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Cultural beliefs as nontrivial constraints on categorization: Evidence from colors and odors
Authors: Danièle Dubois
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

The following provides further arguments for the nonuniversality of color as an autonomous dimension. Research on odors suggests that there are cultural constraints on the abstraction of dimensions for objects. Color vision analysis leads to an overemphasis on the role of perceptual processes in categorization. The study of odors points to human activities as a more important principle of categorization that drives the perceptual processing and suggests a reconsideration of vision itself.
Severe dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa complicated by systemic amyloidosis
Authors: M.G.S. Dunnill, R.B. Mallett, P.N. Hawkins, P.J.T.V. Vallance, R.A. Marsden
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1993)

Journal Article Severe dominant dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa complicated by systemic amyloidosis Get access M.G.S. Dunnill, M.G.S. Dunnill Department of Dermatoloyg, St George's Hospital, London SW17, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.B. Mallett, R.B. Mallett Department of Dermatoloyg, St George's Hospital, London SW17, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.N. Hawkins, P.N. Hawkins Immunological Medical Unit, Royal Postgraduate MEdical School, London W12 ONN, UK. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.J.T.V. Vallance, P.J.T.V. Vallance Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St George's Hospital, London SW17, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Marsden R.A. Marsden Department of Dermatoloyg, St George's Hospital, London SW17, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 128, Issue 6, 1 June 1993, Pages 708–709, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1993.tb00278.x Published: 01 June 1993
Left ventricular ejection fraction may not be useful as an end point of thrombolytic therapy comparative trials.
Authors: R M Califf, L Harrelson-Woodlief, E J Topol
Journal: Circulation (1990)

In the era of comparative and adjunctive trials in reperfusion therapy, the need to develop alternative end points for mortality reduction is clear. Left ventricular ejection fraction, which has been commonly used as a surrogate, is problematic due to missing values, technically inadequate studies, and lack of correlation with mortality results in controlled reperfusion trials performed to date. In this paper, we present a composite clinical end point that includes, in order, severity of adverse outcome death, hemorrhagic stroke, nonhemorrhagic stroke, poor ejection fraction (less than 30%), reinfarction, heart failure, and pulmonary edema. Such a composite index may be useful to detect true therapeutic benefit in reperfusion trials without necessitating greater than 20-30,000 patient enrollment.
Bipolar disorder—services need to catch up with rapidly developing evidence base
Authors: John Geddes
Journal: BMJ (2006)

was at my local accident and emergency department, where I was told that I was a "waste of time" because I was worried that my lithium level was too high.I also recall, on a separate occasion, being asked to leave the hospital canteen because I was a psychiatric patient.It is because of these and other instances that I believe that one of the biggest harbourers of stigma is general medicine in hospitals.To the patient being told to "Pull yourself together" after a suicide attempt.That isn't going to help anyone, and it is crucial for those in attendance to be willing to listen to the patient and act responsibly in a caring and supportive manner.Staff in accident and emergency departments especially must learn how to deal effectively with psychiatric patients as they are often the first port of call for those in acute mental distress with the same being applicable to police forces and general practitioners.
Activation of <i>TLX3</i> and <i>NKX2-5</i> in t(5;14)(q35;q32) T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Remote 3′-<i>BCL11B</i> Enhancers and Coregulation by PU.1 and HMGA1
Authors: Stefan Nagel, Michaela Scherr, Alexander Kel, Klaus Hornischer, Gregory E. Crawford, Maren Kaufmann, Corinna Meyer, Hans G. Drexler, Roderick A.F. MacLeod
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract In T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, alternative t(5;14)(q35;q32.2) forms effect dysregulation of either TLX3 or NKX2-5 homeobox genes at 5q35 by juxtaposition with 14q32.2 breakpoints dispersed across the BCL11B downstream genomic desert. Leukemic gene dysregulation by t(5;14) was investigated by DNA inhibitory treatments with 26-mer double-stranded DNA oligonucleotides directed against candidate enhancers at, or near, orphan T-cell DNase I hypersensitive sites located between 3′-BCL11B and VRK1. NKX2-5 down-regulation in t(5;14) PEER cells was almost entirely restricted to DNA inhibitory treatment targeting enhancers within the distal breakpoint cluster region and was dose and sequence dependent, whereas enhancers near 3′-BCL11B regulated that gene only. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the four most effectual NKX2-5 ectopic enhancers were hyperacetylated. These enhancers clustered ∼1 Mbp downstream of BCL11B, within a region displaying multiple regulatory stigmata, including a TCRA enhancer motif, deep sequence conservation, and tight nuclear matrix attachment relaxed by trichostatin A treatment. Intriguingly, although TLX3/NKX2-5 promoter/exon 1 regions were hypoacetylated, their expression was trichostatin A sensitive, implying extrinsic regulation by factor(s) under acetylation control. Knockdown of PU.1, known to be trichostatin A responsive and which potentially binds TLX3/NKX2-5 promoters, effected down-regulation of both homeobox genes. Moreover, genomic analysis showed preferential enrichment near ectopic enhancers of binding sites for the PU.1 cofactor HMGA1, the knockdown of which also inhibited NKX2-5. We suggest that HMGA1 and PU.1 coregulate ectopic homeobox gene expression in t(5;14) T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia by interactions mediated at the nuclear matrix. Our data document homeobox gene dysregulation by a novel regulatory region at 3′-BCL11B responsive to histone deacetylase inhibition and highlight a novel class of potential therapeutic target amid noncoding DNA. [Cancer Res 2007;67(4):1461–71]
Can India avoid being devastated by HIV?
Authors: S Ramasundaram
Journal: BMJ (2002)

HIV has reached epidemic proportions in India. Many predict that this nation of one billion people will soon see infection rates soar if current prevention programmes are not scaled up.1 India may be next in line after sub-Saharan Africa to be devastated by the virus.

The Indian government estimates that in 2000 3.86 million Indians were infected with HIV, the second largest number of infected people after South Africa.2 Although the prevalence of HIV in India may seem relatively low—0.7% of the general adult population compared with rates of 20% and over in South Africa, Zimbabwe, and Botswana—the infection has now been detected in all states and union territories. It is no longer confined to vulnerable groups, such as sex workers and transport workers, or to urban areas.

If effective prevention efforts are not implemented immediately, and sustained long term, the World Bank warns that India could have 37 million people infected with HIV by the year 2005.3 …
Prevention and reversal of severe mitochondrial cardiomyopathy by gene therapy in a mouse model of Friedreich's ataxia
Authors: Morgane Perdomini, Brahim Belbellaa, Laurent Monassier, Laurence Reutenauer, Nadia Messaddeq, Nathalie Cartier, Ronald G Crystal, Patrick Aubourg, Hélène Puccio
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
Birth weight of offspring and mortality in the Renfrew and Paisley study: prospective observational study
Authors: G. D. Smith, C. Hart, C. Ferrell, M. Upton, D. Hole, V. Hawthorne, G. Watt
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To investigate the association between birth weight of offspring and mortality among fathers and mothers in the west of Scotland. <b>Design:</b> Prospective observational study. <b>Participants:</b> 794 married couples in Renfrew district of the west of Scotland. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular disease over 15 year follow up. <b>Results:</b> Women who had heavier babies were taller, had higher body mass index and better lung function, and were less likely to be smokers than mothers of lighter babies. Fathers of heavier babies were taller and less likely to be smokers than fathers of lighter babies. Mortality was inversely related to offspring9s birth weight for both mothers (relative rate for a 1 kg lower birth weight 1.82 (95% confidence interval 1.23 to 2.70)) and fathers (relative rate 1.35 (1.03 to 1.79)). For mortality from cardiovascular disease, inverse associations were seen for mothers (2.00 (1.18 to 3.33)) and fathers (1.52 (1.03 to 2.17)). Adjustment for blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, body mass index, height, social class, area based deprivation category, smoking, lung function, angina, bronchitis, and electrocardiographic evidence of ischaemia had little effect on these risk estimates, although levels of statistical significance were reduced. <b>Conclusions:</b> Birth weight of offspring was related inversely to mortality, from all causes and cardiovascular disease, in this cohort. The strength of this association was greater than would have been expected by the degree of concordance of birth weights across generations, but an extensive range of potential confounding factors could not account for the association. Mortality is therefore influenced by a factor related to birth weight that is transmissible across generations. <h3>Key messages</h3> Low birth weight is associated with increased mortality from cardiovascular disease in later life, and birth weight is associated across generations so that both maternal and paternal birth weights are associated with the offspring9s birth weight In this observational study we found that lower birth weight of offspring was associated with higher parental mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular disease This elevated mortality could not be explained by a range of social, environmental, behavioural, and physiological risk factors The strength of the association was greater than would have been expected by the degree of concordance of birth weights across generations We conclude that mortality is influenced by a factor that is related to birth weight and is transmissible across generations
Cancer therapy by restoration of immune Notch
Authors: Anil Shanker, Duafalia F Dudimah, Roman V Uzhachenko, Asel K Biktasova, David P Carbone, Mikhail M Dikov
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2013)

Meeting abstracts Factors affecting host immunity are important variables during cancer growth. The immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment perturbs numerous immune regulatory networks and usurps host antitumor immune responses. We discovered that tumor interferes with host hematopoietic Notch
Disease assessment in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: P L Van Riel, D M Van der Heijde, L B Van de Putte
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Disease assessment in rheumatoid arthritis SIR, With pleasure we would like to obey the summons of Dr Scott et al to take part in the debate about disease assessment in rheumatoid arthritis.
TYPES OF CONGENITAL SYMBOL AMBLYOPIA.
Authors: J. HERBERT CLAIBORNE
Journal: JAMA (1906)

W. Pringle Morgan,<sup>1</sup>of Seaford, Sussex, England, was the first to point out that, in addition to the word-blindness which is the result of acquired cerebral lesion, there is a word-blindness congenital in nature which he has suggested is due to defective development of the word memory centers of the cerebral cortex. This communication was followed by those of Hinshelwood<sup>2</sup>and Nettleship,<sup>3</sup>Wernicke,<sup>4</sup>of Buenos Ayres, and others<sup>5</sup>the experience of all who have observed and studied these cases simply justifies the initial and simple conclusions of Morgan. The first American observer who has recorded any observations on this subject is A. Schapringer, of New York, who read a paper on the subject before the Section of Ophthalmology of the New York Academy of Medicine, Feb. 19, 1906. His paper on that occasion was followed by one by myself in which I referred to two
The Social Mission of Medical Education
Authors: Scott Barnhart, James LoGerfo
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters5 October 2010The Social Mission of Medical EducationScott Barnhart, MD, MPH and James LoGerfo, MD, MPHScott Barnhart, MD, MPHFrom University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.Search for more papers by this author and James LoGerfo, MD, MPHFrom University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-7-201010050-00020 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In an era where professionalism in medicine is increasingly promoted, Mullan and colleagues (1) have brought fresh data and perspective to support a more evidence-based dialogue on the social mission of medical education. In addition to the outcome measures of primary care, practice in shortage areas and inclusion of underrepresented minorities, we offer a fourth indicator for consideration: the proportion of uninsured and underinsured patients cared for in the medical school's teaching hospitals. Given the important socializing effects of medical education, teaching students and residents in institutions that make it a priority to serve all patients provides ...Reference1. Mullan F, Chen C, Petterson S, Kolsky G, Spagnola M. The social mission of medical education: ranking the schools. Ann Intern Med. 2010;152:804-11. [PMID: 20547907] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Social Mission of Medical Education: Ranking the Schools Fitzhugh Mullan , Candice Chen , Stephen Petterson , Gretchen Kolsky , and Michael Spagnola The Social Mission of Medical Education Martin Donohoe The Social Mission of Medical Education John A. Brockman , Matthew J. Stull , and Elizabeth Wiley The Social Mission of Medical Education Gregg S. Meyer The Social Mission of Medical Education Norman H. Edelman The Social Mission of Medical Education Pojen Deng The Social Mission of Medical Education Fitzhugh Mullan and Candice Chen The Social Mission of Medical Education Eric A. Mellon Metrics 5 October 2010Volume 153, Issue 7Page: 484KeywordsConflicts of interestEvidence based medicineMedical education ePublished: 5 October 2010 Issue Published: 5 October 2010 CopyrightCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...