tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The 14C-glycocholate test in diabetic diarrhoea.
Authors: J H Scarpello, R V Hague, D R Cullen, G E Sladen
Journal: BMJ (1976)

Twenty-four insulin-dependent diabetics, including seven with diabetic diarrhoea, were studied by means of the 14C-glycocholate (14C-GCA) test and various tests for autonomic dysfunction. The breath component of het test was abnormal in four of the seven patients with diarrhoea and one of the other diabetics. Three patients with diarrhoea and a positive breath test result responded to antibiotics, whereas two with diarrhoea and a negative test result did not. High faecal 14C, suggesting bile acid malabsorption, was found in only one patient with diarrhoea and he had previously failed to respond to cholestyramine. These results suggest that bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine does occur in some but not all patients with diabetic diarrhoea and that the 14C-GCA test can predict the response to antibiotics. All the patients with diabetic diarrhoea had good evidence of autonomic dysfunction.
Comorbidity of eczema, rhinitis, and asthma in IgE-sensitised and non-IgE-sensitised children in MeDALL: a population-based cohort study
Authors: Mariona Pinart, Marta Benet, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Andrea von Berg, Dietrich Berdel, Karin C L Carlsen, Kai-Håkon Carlsen, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Esben Eller, Maria P Fantini, Jacopo Lenzi, Ulrike Gehring, Joachim Heinrich, Cynthia Hohmann, Jocelyne Just, Thomas Keil, Marjan Kerkhof, Manolis Kogevinas, Sibylle Koletzko, Gerard H Koppelman, Inger Kull, Susanne Lau, Erik Melén, Isabelle Momas, Daniela Porta, Dirkje S Postma, Fanny Rancière, Henriette A Smit, Renato T Stein, Christina G Tischer, Maties Torrent, Magnus Wickman, Alet H Wijga, Jean Bousquet, Jordi Sunyer, Xavier Basagaña, Stefano Guerra, Judith Garcia-Aymerich, Josep M Antó
Journal: The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2014)
Pathways for the mutagenesis of 1-nitropyrene and dinitropyrenes in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2.
Authors: K J Silvers, E P Eddy, E C McCoy, H S Rosenkranz, P C Howard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

The mutagenicity, metabolism, DNA adduction and induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) of 1-nitropyrene and 1,8-dinitropyrene were investigated in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2. Previous results had demonstrated that 1-nitropyrene was both mutagenic at the hgprt locus and induced UDS in these cells. In the present study, we find that the dinitropyrenes, although highly mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium, are not mutagenic and do not induce UDS in the HepG2. Although the rate of 1,8-dinitropyrene nitroreduction was less than that of 1-nitropyrene nitroreduction, this did not explain the lack of mutagenicity and UDS induction by the dinitropyrenes. Therefore, it is proposed that the arylhydroxylamine O-esterificase is not expressed in these cells. Since cytochrome P450-mediated C-oxidation is the predominant metabolic pathway in vivo, we sought to determine if an increase in the ratio of cytochrome P450-mediated C-oxidation over nitroreduction would result in increased or decreased DNA adducts in the HepG2. The administration of 2.5 microM 3-methylcholanthrene to the HepG2 increased the ratio of C-oxidation/nitroreduction from 2.8 +/- 1.9 to 50.4 +/- 46.1. This was accompanied by a decrease in the C8-guanyl adduct of 1-nitropyrene (via nitroreduction) from 18.7 +/- 7.0 to 4.8 +/- 1.7 fmoles/micrograms DNA, without any further increase in other 1-nitropyrene DNA adducts. These results suggest that the cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism of 1-nitropyrene to epoxides, phenols, and dihydrodiols is not an activation pathway in the HepG2 cells, and may explain the weak carcinogenicity of 1-nitropyrene in vivo, where cytochrome P450-mediated C-oxidation predominates.
Antinuclear antibodies in patients with polymorphic light eruption: a long-term follow-up study
Authors: S. Tzaneva, B. Volc-Platzer, H. Kittler, H. Hönigsmann, A. Tanew
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Previous studies have shown elevated titres of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in 2.9-19% of patients with polymorphic light eruption (PLE). A diagnosis of lupus erythematosus (LE) was finally established in some of these ANA-positive patients.To investigate whether the presence of ANA in patients with PLE merely represents an epiphenomenon or is associated with an increased risk of eventual progression to LE.We identified 472 patients with PLE who had received prophylactic photo(chemo)therapy between 1986 and 2003 and were routinely tested for the presence of ANA. All ANA-positive (ANA titre of>or=1:80) patients were asked to attend for a follow-up examination comprising a medical history, complete skin inspection and a detailed laboratory analysis including ANA and antibodies against extractable nuclear antigens.Of all the patients, 55 (11.7%) were found to be ANA positive on one or several occasions, and three (0.6%) also had antibodies to SS-A/Ro. Thirty-nine (71%) of all ANA-positive patients including all Ro+ subjects were available for follow-up after a median follow-up period of 8 years (interquartile range 5-11.5). Twenty-five patients showed persistence of ANA positivity with a median titre of 1:160 (range 1:80-1:640), whereas in 14 patients ANA titres had returned to normal levels. None of the patients revealed additional clinical, histopathological or laboratory abnormalities suggestive of LE.After a median follow-up period of 8 years none of the ANA-positive patients developed LE. Our findings indicate that PLE is a benign disease without tendency to progress to LE.
Abstract 2065: Loss of Nrf2 increases susceptibility to radiation induced bone loss
Authors: Tapasi Rana, MIchelle Schultz, MIchael Freeman, Swati Biswas
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract A fundamental clinical complication in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer is severe bone loss. Patients with breast cancer routinely received both chemotherapy and radiotherapy, both are known to increase oxidative stress and bone loss. Underlying mechanism of cancer therapy induced bone loss is poorly understood. We have previouslyreported that treatment with radiation (RT) increases TGFβ1 levels in mice. TGFβ1 increases oxidative stress by induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). TGFβ1 increases oxidative stress by induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). TGFβ1/Smad3 signaling suppresses Nrf2 (Nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2), a master transcription factor that positively regulates induction of antioxidant gene expression resulting in elevated ROS levels. Our objective is to test the hypothesis whether loss of Nrf2 gene increases the radiation induced bone loss. We have used age matched wild type control and Nrf2-/- mice. Mice were irradiated (single dose, 20 Gy) on the hind legs and microCT analysis was done to measure the overall bone loss. A similar increase in bone loss was noted in mice following histological analysis of the long bones. Additionally, reduction in osteoblast colony forming units and osteoblast differentiation were also noted. We have seen a higher number of osteoclasts in Nrf2-/- mice compared to wild type control and following radiation, the trend remains same. We conclude that, loss of Nrf2 leads to incraesed susceptibility to the radiation induced bone damage. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2065. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2065
The Mourning-Liberation Process
Authors: Norman B. Levy
Journal: JAMA (1991)

This work is both a joy and a disappointment. Dr Pollock is one of the most profound thinkers in modern psychiatry and psychoanalysis, to which these two volumes clearly attest. Actually, this is a single book divided into two with indexes and references at the end of the second volume. The most essential part of a book, at least for a reviewer, is its preface. In it the author usually states the purpose of the book, tells how it came to be written, and often summarizes its message. This book's preface is its most exciting component. Pollock's interest in physiology shines through in his elaboration of what Cannon called "steady-state homeostasis" and what Claude Bernard referred to as "biological constancy." Pollock states, "It is my belief that the mind, using various psychological agencies, evolved with its many elaborations to maintain the constant state of man. Some of these agencies, such
Our patients have access to their medical records.
Authors: A P Bird, M T Walji
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Practitioners report on their experience in providing access to medical records to their inner city, multiethnic patients in Birmingham, England. At each visit, patients are given their files to keep until their consultation, and new patients are told they may read them at any visit. It is rarely necessary to withhold information from patients permanently; bad news, for example, is withheld only until it can be discussed with a physician. Other instances of nondisclosure occur by patient or physician request or when a patient is severely disturbed. A study of 100 randomly selected patients showed appreciable satisfaction with record access. Reactions from medical colleagues have been varied.
Managing depression in primary care
Authors: E. H Wagner
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Primary care p 772 

Several recent studies have evaluated alternative approaches to managing depression in primary care. The range of disease and the treatments examined have varied widely, no doubt contributing to the variation in results. Nevertheless, randomised trials leave little doubt that antidepressant drugs are efficacious in major depression, 1 2 and recent evidence suggests efficacy in dysthymia and subsyndromal depression as well.3 But what role does counselling play in the primary care management of patients with various forms of depression? Recent trials in primary care have produced conflicting results and conclusions.

The paper in this issue by Chilvers et al (p 772)4 and an earlier report from the same study5 address three important questions about treating major depression in primary care. Is there a difference in the effectiveness of drugs versus counselling? Is the non-standardised counselling provided by most mental health providers effective? Does matching treatment …
Präventive Massnahmen in der Familie
Authors: Annemarie Dührssen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1968)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 Präventive Massnahmen in der Familie Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Annemarie Dührssen Annemarie Dührssen Institut für psychogene Erkrankungen der AOK Berlin (Leiterin: Prof. Dr. med. A. Dührssen) Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1968) 16 (6): 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285963 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Annemarie Dührssen; Präventive Massnahmen in der Familie. Psychother Psychosom 1 June 1968; 16 (6): 319–332. https://doi.org/10.1159/000285963 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search This content is only available via PDF. 1968Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.
Development of Smallpox Vaccine in England in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
Authors: J. A. Didgeon
Journal: BMJ (1963)

Whereas it is expedient to extend the Practice of Vaccination " Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's Most Excellent Majesty by and with the Advice and Consent of the Lords Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled and by the Authority of the same, That from and after the passing of this Act it shall be lawful for the Guardians of every Parish and Union. . . to contract with the Medical Officer of their several Union or Parish respectively . . .for the vaccination of all Persons resident in such Unions or Parishes respectively . . .
Radioisotope renography; a kidney function test performed with radioisotope-labeled agents.
Authors: Richard E. Buenger
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A pioneer and expert in renography has concisely presented the physiology, techniques, and interpretive art of this new field. The theory is clearly described for the student, the electronic and mechanical equipment is carefully displayed for the technician, and the clinical application is discussed for the general practitioner, as well as for the specialist in internal medicine, urology, or radiology. Practical experience with this technique has led to an excellent review of the errors and misinterpretations to be avoided and the limitations involved in applying renography to the study of urinary tract obstruction, to renal dysfunction due to parenchymal disease, and to renovascular hypertensive states. Controversial opinions of others concerning interpretive details or variations of technique are generously alluded to, as Dr. Winter successfully demonstrates renography to be a permanent form of study of the kidney because it is an easy, rapid, harmless, painless, inexpensive, repeatable, and reliable function test
The Far Wrong
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2006)

I was a white settler in the first wave of English immigration to northern Scotland in the 1970s. We were different in the way we looked, how we spoke, and the way we behaved. I could never disguise my accent despite trying hard. In casualty, a patient shouted “I not seeing an English \*\*\*|\\*\**|.” My Asian colleague and I smiled at each other. Discrimination is a multicoloured affair. I love Glasgow and it is my home but I will always …
B Cells, Be Gone — B-Cell Depletion in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: George C. Tsokos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

CD20 protein is expressed on the surface membrane of pre-B lymphocytes and mature B lymphocytes. The protein is located in the B-cell membrane, with 44 amino acids exposed in the extracellular space. Rituximab is a chimeric anti-CD20 antibody whose variable (antigen-binding) region was derived from a mouse antibody so that it has high affinity for CD20. The binding of rituximab to the CD20 antigen interferes with the activation and differentiation of B cells.1 Hematopoietic stem cells, pro-B lymphocytes, and plasma cells do not express CD20. This distribution permits the specific elimination of B cells without preventing the regeneration of B . . .
1154-90 Suboptimal treatment of patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes presenting with positive baseline troponin values
Authors: Matthew T Roe, L.Kristin Newby, Eric D Paterson, Yun Li, Robert H Christenson, Raymond D Bahr, Charles V Pollack, Deborah B Diercks, Francis M Fesmire, W.Franklin Peacock, E.Magnus Ohman, W.Brian Gibler
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
TCT-689 Three- and Five-Year Outcomes After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in High-Risk Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: The U.K. TAVI (United Kingdom Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) Registry
Authors: Alison Duncan, Peter Ludman, David Cunningham, Damian Marlee, Simon Davies, Neil Moat
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Prediction of efficacy of pilsicainide to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation by body surface mapping of the P-wave signal-averaged ECG: a prospective study
Authors: T. Yamada, M. Fukunami, T. Shimonagata, K. Kumagai, S. Sanada, H. Ogita, Y. Asano, N. Hoki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Idiopathic scrotal haemorrhage in neonates.
Authors: M. Davenport, A. Bianchi, D. C. Gough
Journal: BMJ (1989)

patient had a fracture of the phalanges and overlying cellulitis.The types of injuries were: twisting (34 patients), crushing (34), stubbing (27), vertical drop (five).Two fifths of the patients with a vertical drop injury, a stubbing injury, or a crushing injury sustained a fracture and one quarter of those with a twisting injury (table).In 13 cases the radiographs were incorrectly interpreted.In two of the 34 patients with a fracture the radiological findings influenced the management from no treatment to treatment of the symptoms.Among the 66 patients whose radiographs were normal management was altered in only two-from treatment of symptoms to no treatment-in whom the doctor had suspected a fracture.
Quality of life in cancer trials.
Authors: D Brinkley
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Quality of life in cancer trialsLove, beauty, and happiness have eluded measurement.The quality of life may be equally elusive, but attempts to measure it are certainly in fashion.Indeed, in the manage- ment of patients with cancer the quality of the person's life before, during, and after treatment is now recognised as an important factor in the costs and benefits equation.When the benefits are likely to be high, with a probability of "cure," high costs in terms of temporary or even permanent morbidity are willingly accepted.Patients under- stand that the quality of their life may be changed by the treatment but will do their best to cope with the changes because they accept that they are a necessary part of a "curative" procedure.But many treatments for cancer are only palliative from the outset.The condition may be advanced or not amenable to treatment.With palliative treatments the quality of the patient's life weighs more heavily in the costs side of the equation because the benefits are smaller.The length of survival is frequently taken as a measure of success in palliative treatment, but it is an unsatisfactory index.Survival for a few extra months is of no great benefit if there is no capacity to enjoy the time or if the patient suffers pain, loss of purpose, dependence, and despair.But palliative treatments are much needed to relieve distressing symptoms and to comply with patients' and relatives' wishes "for something to be done."Such treatments may control symptoms for many years and achieve considerable success in prolonging reasonable and valued lives.Another factor that comes into the equation is the need to evaluate new treatments and new agents, for it is from trials of new drugs and new combinations of drugs that progress has been made in cancer chemotherapy and curative treatments developed.Any evaluation of palliative treatments, especially when used in clinical trials, should always include an assessment of the side effects and of the general effects on the patient's life.If two treatments prove equally effective the one causing the less upset to the patient's life would normally be preferred.Ideally, the assessment of these effects on quality of life should be based on objective or at least quantitative measures.
The Breast: Comprehensive Management of Benign and Malignant Disorders, vols 1 &amp; 2
Authors: N. P. Lang
Journal: JAMA (2004)

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Skin tests in patients with hypersensitivity reaction to iodinated contrast media: a meta-analysis
Authors: S. H. Yoon, S.-Y. Lee, H.-R. Kang, J.-Y. Kim, S. Hahn, C. M. Park, Y.-S. Chang, J. M. Goo, S.-H. Cho
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Background Patients with a previous history of hypersensitivity reaction (HSR) to iodinated contrast media (ICM) are at high risk of the development of HSR to ICM. Many studies have tried to evaluate the diagnostic potential of skin tests in this population but have not yet reached a common conclusion. We investigated the role of skin tests in patients with HSR to ICM in terms of positive rate, cross-reactivity rate, and tolerability to skin test-negative ICM according to the type of HSR. Methods We performed literature searches of the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and included studies where skin tests were performed in patients with HSR to ICM, with extractable outcomes. Outcomes were pooled using a random-effects model. Results Twenty-one studies were included. Pooled per-patient positive rates of skin tests were 17% (95% CI, 10–26%) in patients with immediate HSR, and up to 52% (95% CI, 31–72%) when confined to severe immediate HSR. Among patients with nonimmediate HSR, the positive rate was 26% (95% CI, 15–41%). The pooled per-patient cross-reactivity rate was higher in nonimmediate HSR (68%; 95% CI, 48–83%) than that in immediate HSR (39%; 95% CI, 29–50%). Median per-test cross-reactivity rates between pairs of ICM were 7% (IQR, 6–9%) in immediate HSR and 38% (IQR, 22–51%) in nonimmediate HSR. Pooled per-patient recurrence rates of HSR to skin test-negative ICM were 7% (95% CI, 4–14%) in immediate HSR and 35% (95% CI, 19–55%) in nonimmediate HSR. Conclusion Skin tests may be helpful in diagnosing and managing patients with HSR to ICM, especially in patients with severe immediate HSR.