tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognosis of HIV-1-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy: a collaborative analysis of prospective studies
Authors: Matthias Egger, Margaret May, Geneviève Chêne, Andrew N Phillips, Bruno Ledergerber, François Dabis, Dominique Costagliola, Antonella D'Arminio Monforte, Frank de Wolf, Peter Reiss, Jens D Lundgren, Amy C Justice, Schlomo Staszewski, Catherine Leport, Robert S Hogg, Caroline A Sabin, M John Gill, Bernd Salzberger, Jonathan AC Sterne
Journal: The Lancet (2002)
Diagnosis of Metastatic Liver Cancer-Reply
Authors: Edward B. Silberstein
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr Jewel has provided helpful references on yield of liver biopsies that raise my cited upper limit of positive yields by 6% to 8%. A 99% yield from needle biopsy is indeed spectacular and would be hard to reproduce. It is important to reemphasize that the study of Tempero et al did not dispute the data that I cited. Nor did they discuss the fact that 25% of their cases with normal biochemical test results in patients with proved histological findings of cancer had abnormal liver scans. It would be hard to settle for normal liver function test results alone if one was to miss one of every four cases of hepatic metastases. This is why the liver scan is alive and well!
The Department of Defense's External Civilian Peer Review of Medical Care
Authors: Martin D. Merry
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As project director for the Department of Defense's civilian external peer review program, I was pleased to note your November 11th publication of both the preliminary article by Mayer and colleagues<sup>1</sup>as well as Dr Kelly's<sup>2</sup>astute editorial. When I was first called regarding heading up the project in early 1987,I saw a basic structure and process, as Dr Kelly notes in his editorial, that held promise as a "laboratory" model for quality review of large health care systems. While our first charge from the Department of Defense was to ascertain whether care standards were being met in individual cases, we perceived several elements— automated medical record abstracting, criteria-driven data sets, independent expert peer panels, and the potential for development of statistical quality analysis—that we felt could evolve to a far more sophisticated approach than that envisioned by simple case adjudication. I was particularly intrigued
A piece of my mind. Encourage information therapy
Authors: K. Lindner
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Chronic obesity lymphoedematous mucinosis: three cases of pretibial mucinosis in obese patients with pitting oedema
Authors: Y. Tokuda, S. Kawachi, H. Murata, T. Saida
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Pretibial mucin deposition on the shins is known as pretibial myxoedema. We report three patients with pretibial mucinosis without thyroid disease. The patients were characterized clinically by morbid obesity and bilateral lower extremity pitting oedema with gradual and painless onset, and that did not involve the feet and ankles. Vesicles, semitranslucent papules or a woody plaque were found on the shins. Histologically, patients showed characteristic features of epidermal atrophy with effacement of the rete ridge pattern, separation of collagen bundles associated with oedema with stellate to linear fibroblasts, upward-running increased capillary and small vessels with haemosiderin deposition, and mucin deposition at the superficial papillary dermis and around the vessels. We propose that the present cases of 'chronic obesity lymphoedematous mucinosis' belong to the clinical entity of pretibial mucinosis.
Lumbar Puncture in Poliomyelitis
Authors: Edward E. Mayer
Journal: JAMA (1910)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Dr. Flexner's admirable paper on the important work of himself and co-workers on poliomyelitis, in The Journal, Sept. 24, 1910, p. 1105, interested me greatly. I disagree with him, however, in his advocacy of the routine and early use of lumbar puncture by physicians in suspected cases, and I cannot refrain from commenting on this question. 1. Until we have a definite serum to use, I see no value in determining by examination of the cerebrospinal fluid the presence of a slight lymphocytosis, especially since if done before paralysis has occurred, the puncture may be blamed by the relatives for the succeeding paralysis. As this lymphocytosis occurs early at a period when patients are rarely observed closely, lumbar puncture might be done later than the operator thinks he is doing it. 2. Is this slight lymphocytosis with subsequent clearing of fluid and constant increase of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Depolarization and Action Potential Duration in Cardiac Purkinje Fibers
Authors: MAKOTO ARITA, BORYS SURAWICZ
Journal: Circulation Research (1973)

The effect of depolarization on the duration of the action potential was studied in short cardiac Purkinje fibers. Membrane potential was altered by overdriving pacemaker fibers showing spontaneous diastolic depolarization (dog), by injecting constantcurrent pulses through an intracellular microelectrode (sheep), or by voltage clamping (dog). Test action potentials were elicited at the end of 50-300-msec depolarizations by extracellular stimuli in sheep fibers and by cathodal intracellular stimuli in dog fibers. In both species the duration of the test action potential was unchanged by subthreshold depolarization. In fibers showing spontaneous diastolic depolarization, action potential duration was not affected by the take-off potential within the range between -80 and -60 mv. In dog fibers depolarized from the threshold level (about -60 mv), action potential duration was shortened by 14-36%. After stronger depolarization (up to -10 mv), short action potentials could be elicited during the first 100-150 msec. This period coincided with the flow of net inward current. After longer suprathreshold clamps when the net membrane current reversed its polarity, the fibers were not excitable, and the clamp termination was followed by exponential decay of the membrane potentials. Our findings indicate that changes in take-off potential within the range between resting membrane potential and -60 my do not alter action potential duration.
Inhibition of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein: Another mechanism for drug-induced steatosis in mice
Authors: Philippe Lettéron, Angela Sutton, Abdellah Mansouri, Bernard Fromenty, Dominique Pessayre
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Although many steatogenic drugs inhibit mitochondrial fatty acid beta-oxidation, limited information is available on possible effects on hepatic lipoprotein secretion. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen, microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) lipidates apolipoprotein B (Apo B), to form triglyceride (TG)-rich very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, which follow vesicular flow to the plasma membrane to be secreted, whereas incompletely lipidated Apo B particles are partly degraded. We studied hepatic MTP activity, the lipoproteins present in the ER lumen, and hepatic lipoprotein secretion 4 hours after administration of a single dose of amineptine (1 mmol/kg), amiodarone (1 mmol/kg), doxycycline (0.25 mmol/kg), tetracycline (0.25 mmol/kg), tianeptine (0.5 mmol/kg), or pirprofen (2 mmol/kg) in mice. These various doses have been shown previously to markedly inhibit fatty acid oxidation after a single dose, and to trigger steatosis either after repeated doses (doxycycline) or a single dose (other compounds) in mice. In the present study, amineptine, amiodarone, pirprofen, tetracycline, and tianeptine, but not doxycycline, inhibited MTP activity in vitro, decreased ex vivo MTP activity in the hepatic homogenate of treated mice, decreased TG in the luminal VLDL fraction of hepatic microsomes of treated mice, and decreased in vivo hepatic lipoprotein secretion (TG and Apo B). In conclusion, several steatogenic drugs inhibit not only mitochondrial beta-oxidation, as previously shown, but also MTP activity, Apo B lipidation into TG-rich VLDL particles, and hepatic lipoprotein secretion. Drugs with these dual effects may be more steatogenic than drugs acting only on beta-oxidation or only MTP.
Pulmonary Effects of Radiation Therapy
Authors: NICHOLAS J. GROSS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

The cellular effects of irradiating the lungs are related to the histologic and clinical sequelae. The occurrence and severity of damage are semiquantitatively related to the volume of lung irradiated, and the dose rate of irradiation. The clinical syndrome occurs in up to about 10% of patients and consists of an acute transient phase, radiation pneumonitis, usually occurring 6 to 12 weeks after radiation therapy. This is followed by clinical remission except in the most severe cases and gradual radiologic progression to the stage of radiation fibrosis over the next 6 to 12 months. Concommittant chemotherapy, repeat courses of radiation, and steroid withdrawal are exacerbating factors. Characteristic changes in pulmonary function and radiographic appearance are described, and management is reviewed.
Restoring the Addicted Brain
Authors: David Goldman, Christina S Barr
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Addictions are relapsing, remitting lifelong illnesses that are notoriously difficult to treat. One year after they have stopped drinking, approximately one third of patients with alcoholism remain abstinent, one third have resumed drinking but not at their former level of consumption, and one third have relapsed completely. A defining problem with respect to the treatment of addiction is that we do not know how to restore the addicted brain to its former state, and many therapies — for example, methadone maintenance for opiate addiction — do not even attempt to do so. Because of the difficulty of treating addictions and . . .
Tilarginine in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Tom Teerlink
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Design Considerations for AIDS Trials
Authors: D P Byar, D A Schoenfeld, S B Green, D A Amato, R Davis, V De Gruttola, D M Finkelstein, C Gatsonis, R D Gelber, S Lagakos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Statisticians and clinicians involved in the design and conduct of trials of new treatments for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have realized that some traditional approaches to the clinical-trials process may be unnecessarily rigid and unsuitable for this disease.1 A new and rapidly growing epidemic, affecting relatively young people, produces a particular sense of urgency. Many agents for the treatment of AIDS and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are becoming available for testing, including vaccines, antiviral drugs, immunostimulant agents, and drugs to prevent or treat opportunistic infections. Past success with other major infectious diseases leads to community expectations of a . . .
Sarcoid Meningoencephalitis Treated with High-Dosage Steroids and Radiation
Authors: RICHARD Y. FEIBELMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1985Sarcoid Meningoencephalitis Treated with High-Dosage Steroids and RadiationRICHARD Y. FEIBELMAN, M.D., ELOISE M. HARMAN, M.D.RICHARD Y. FEIBELMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ELOISE M. HARMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-1-136_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The incidence of neurologic involvement in sarcoidosis is reported as 5% to 7% (1, 2). Seizures occur in 5% to 18% of these patients and are associated with a combined morbidity and mortality of 75% (3). The response to steroid and anticonvulsant therapy is variable but generally poor, with most patients having chronic, poorly controlled seizures or progressing to death. We report the case of a patient with stage I pulmonary sarcoidosis complicated by sarcoid meningoencephalitis with seizures. The patient's course was progressive despite steroid treatments in high doses, and he began to show improvement only after...References1. CAHILL D and SALEMAN M. Neurosarcoidosis: a review of the rarer manifestations. Surg Neurol. 1981;15:204-11. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. WEIDERHOLT W and SIEHERT R. Neurological manifestations of sarcoidosis. Neurology. 1965;15:1147-54. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DELANEY P. Seizures in sarcoidosis: a poor prognosis. Ann Neurol. 1980;7:494. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. OPPENHEIM A and POLLACK R. Boeck's sarcoid (sarcoidosis). Am J Roetgenol. 1947;57:28-35. Google Scholar5. GRIZZANTI J, KNAPP A, SCHECTER A, and WILLIAMS M. Treatment of sarcoid meningitis with radiotherapy. Am J Med. 1982;73:605-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: RICHARD Y. FEIBELMAN, M.D.; ELOISE M. HARMAN, M.D.Affiliations: University of Florida College of Medicine Gainesville, FL 32610 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCurrent and emerging strategies for the management of sarcoidosisNeurosarcoïdose : état des connaissancesSciatic nerve sarcoidosis: utility of magnetic resonance peripheral nerve imaging and treatment with radiation therapySarcoidosis Presenting as a Tumorlike Muscular Lesion Case Report and Review of the LiteratureSTEROID-SPARING ALTERNATIVE TREATMENTS FOR SARCOIDOSISCyclosporine therapy of central nervous system sarcoidosis 1 January 1985Volume 102, Issue 1Page: 136-136KeywordsAnticonvulsantsEpileptic seizuresMeningoencephalitisMorbidityMortalitySarcoidosisSteroid therapySteroids ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
New rules on treating failed asylum seekers "do not go far enough," says BMA
Authors: D. Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2009)

New proposals from the government give some failed asylum seekers in England access to free NHS treatment, but the BMA has criticised the proposals for “not going far enough.”

A joint review by the Department of Health and the Home Office has said that some asylum seekers whose claims have been refused but who cannot return home should not be denied free NHS treatment.

Most failed asylum seekers will still be charged for secondary care services. But unaccompanied children (including those in local authority care) and failed asylum seekers who are getting UK Border Agency support because they have children or have legitimate reasons for being unable to return to their home …
Vascular Surgery: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Bruce J. Brener
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Nothing rivets the attention like a specialty board  In November, 1983, several hundred vascular surgeons in designated centers throughout the country sat for a three-hour examination given by the American Board of Surgery  determine whether they deserved the Certificate of Special Competence in General Vascular Surgery. Undoubtedly, many of these surgeons (this reviewer included) read this book in preparation for this  They were rewarded for their efforts.  Dr Wesley S. Moore, his five associate editors from the University of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles, and 57 additional authors have prepared a fine textbook. It was intended to provide a comprehensive review of vascular surgery... [and to] accompany a post graduate course designed  help candidates prepare for the examination. The emphasis was  be on core material, with an attempt  separate generally accepted concepts from new or controversial material.  This was not an easy task.
Prevention of bedrest-induced physical deconditioning by daily dobutamine infusions. Implications for drug-induced physical conditioning.
Authors: M J Sullivan, P F Binkley, D V Unverferth, J H Ren, H Boudoulas, T M Bashore, A J Merola, C V Leier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

The effects of intermittent infusions of dobutamine were studied in young normal male subjects during a period of bedrest deconditioning to determine whether this synthetic catechol affects physical conditioning processes in humans. 24 volunteers were placed at bedrest and randomized to daily 2-h treatments of saline infusions (control), dobutamine infusions, or maintenance exercise (control). Exercise, hemodynamic, and metabolic studies were performed at base line and at the termination of the 3-wk treatment period. Maximal exercise (duration, oxygen consumption, and workload) fell for the saline group and remained unchanged for the dobutamine and exercise groups. Hemodynamics during exercise were maintained the same as pretreatment base line for the dobutamine and exercise groups, whereas stroke volume and cardiac output dropped and heart rate rose for the saline group. The metabolic profile showed an increased blood lactate response at rest and during submaximal exercise after 3 wk of bedrest for the saline group, and essentially no change for the exercise and the dobutamine groups. Extraction of oxygen across the exercising lower limb rose for the dobutamine group, as did the activity of the skeletal muscle oxidative enzymes, citrate synthetase, and succinate dehydrogenase. In contrast to the exercise control group, the saline and dobutamine groups developed orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, and accentuation of the renin-aldosterone response over the 3-wk treatment period; for the saline group, this is best explained by the observed fall in blood volume and for the dobutamine group, by the blunting of vascular vasoconstrictive responses. During a period of bedrest deconditioning in humans, infusions of dobutamine maintain many of the physiologic expressions of physical conditioning.
DIAZEPAM IN A GENERAL PSYCHIATRIC PRACTICE
Authors: WINSTON E. BURDINE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1964)

Diazepam was administered to 108 patients under treatment in a general psychiatric practice. The diagnoses included psychoneurotic and psychotic reactions, character disorders, alcoholism, and drug addiction. Initial diazepam dosages ranged from 10 to 80 mg. per day with later adjustments to meet the patient's needs. Concurrent therapy included psychotherapy, administration of antidepressants and phenothiazine derivatives, and ECT or ICT. Duration of treatment was from 3 days to 7 months. The results were satisfactory in 91 patients and unsatisfactory in 17. Side effects occurred in 20 patients and necessitated discontinuance of therapy in 10. These side effects included ataxia, dizziness, nightmares, skin rash, and miscellaneous subjective responses. Diazepam was considered an effective drug for adjunctive use in the treatment of psychiatric disorders. Used alone it was effective in less severe psychoneurotic reactions, and in conjunction with other treatment methods was of marked benefit in the more severe reactions and psychotic disturbances. It also proved useful in the management of alcoholic coma, delirium tremens, and drug withdrawal, and during rehabilitation of alcoholics and drug addicts.
Call to scrap import tariffs on pharmaceuticals in global WTO talks
Authors: John Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The United States, Switzerland, and Singapore this week called for an end to import tariffs that affect trade in drugs and medical devices worth more than $56bn (£32bn; €47bn) a year. Products covered by the tariffs include pharmaceutical goods, from antibiotics to vitamins, and medical devices, from surgical equipment and instruments to x ray equipment, hearing aids, and orthopaedic appliances.

In a joint proposal, the countries said that scrapping the tariff would result in “effective action to improve access to medicines and medical devices needed to treat a wide variety of diseases effectively and ensure that these goods …