tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of different sepsis-related cytokines on lipid synthesis by isolated hepatocytes
Authors: Elena Vara, Javier Arias-Díaz, Juan Torres-Melero, Cruz García, José M. Rodríguez, José L. Balibrea
Journal: Hepatology (1994)

Cytokines seem to play an important role in the metabolic disturbances that are commonly associated with sepsis. In this study, we analyzed the effect of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin–1 and interleukin–6, as well as that of tumor necrosis factor in combination with interleukin–1 or interleukin–6, both on free fatty acids and on phospholipid synthesis by isolated rat hepatocytes. All three cytokines and combinations caused inhibited D–[U–14C]glucose incorporation into phosphatidylcholine (tumor necrosis factor = 6.39 ± 1.13 pmol/μg protein vs. control = 12.90 ± 0.98 pmol/μg protein, n = 7; p &lt; 0.001). However, when [U–14C]palmitate was used as radioactive precursor, tumor necrosis factor, either alone or in the presence of the other cytokines, stimulated phosphatidylcholine synthesis. D–[U–14C]glucose incorporation into free fatty acids and triacylglycerol was also significantly stimulated, whereas phosphatidylinositol labeling was found inhibited by the assayed cytokines. Our results demonstrate an effect of sepsis–related cytokines, more evident for tumor necrosis factor, on hepatocyte lipid synthesis either from glucose or palmitate. Also, the findings support the hypothesis that cytokine–induced changes in hepatocyte lipid synthesis can contribute to the impairment in lipidic metabolism seen in patients with sepsis. (Hepatology 1994;20:924-931).
Families and the Gravely Ill: Roles, Rules, and Rights
Authors: Richard Sherlock, C. Mary Dingus
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

The Moral Meaning of the Family Families and Adults: The Psychosocial Issues Families and Children: The Psychosocial Issues Family Involvement in Decisionmaking: Policy and Arguments The Alternatives to Family Decisionmaking Conclusion Appendix: The Law and Family Involvement Bibliography Index
NASH animal models: Are we there yet?
Authors: Rohit Kohli, Ariel E. Feldstein
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)

Given the obesity pandemic and the concomitant meteoric rise in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevalence [1], there has been an urgent need to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms responsible for disease development and progression. This required the development of experimental models that mimic the human condition, as causative, mechanistic studies are many times more difficult or impossible to conduct in humans. Moreover, these animal models may serve as a powerful preclinical platform to study novel therapeutic strategies for this disease.
Diabetes Lowers Aerobic Capacity in Heart Failure
Authors: Amit S. Tibb, Pierre V. Ennezat, Jennifer A. Chen, Ali Haider, Susheel Gundewar, Vlad Cotarlan, Vimla S. Aggarwal, Ashok Talreja, Thierry H. Le Jemtel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Intensive Care: More Poetry and Prose by Nurses
Authors: J. Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Studies on the reproducibility of allergic contact dermatitis
Authors: A.A. MEMON, P.S. FRIEDMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis depends upon the use of epicutaneous patch tests with suspected antigens. It has been claimed that the method is unreliable because of variability. Therefore, we have tested this by comparing responses to various forms of replicate, standardized challenge in nickel-sensitive subjects. Nickel-containing coins applied at 2-4 different sites on the back elicited similar responses in up to 95% of tests. Serial dilutions of nickel sulphate (NiSO4) applied, in duplicate, gave highly reproducible responses on the back. However, the forearm skin was clearly less responsive. Examination of the effect of the quantity of nickel-containing vehicle showed that, above a certain minimal level, this had no effect on the reproducibility of the responses. In conclusion, the immune system can give highly reproducible responses when presented with standard eliciting stimuli.
Circulating androgens in male acne
Authors: H.L.M. Meeren, J. H. H. Thijssen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Total serum testosterone, free testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, albumin and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate were measured in thirty-five men with severe acne. No striking differences were demonstrated between patients and controls in any of the measurements.
Pharmacology and Treatment Seborrhoeic dermatitis and Pityrosporum orbiculare: treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp with miconazole-hydrocortisone (Daktacort), miconazole and hydrocortisone
Authors: J Faergemann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

Journal Article Pharmacology and Treatment Seborrhoeic dermatitis and Pityrosporumorbiculare: treatment of seborrhoeic dermatitis of the scalp with miconazole‐hydrocortisone (Daktacort), miconazole and hydrocortisone Get access J. FAERGEMANN J. FAERGEMANN Department of Dermatology, University of Gothenburg, Sahlgren's Hospital, S‐413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 114, Issue 6, 1 June 1986, Pages 695–700, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1986.tb04878.x Published: 01 June 1986 Article history Accepted: 02 December 1985 Published: 01 June 1986
Thailand and the Compulsory Licensing of Efavirenz
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Of the many medicines for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, efavirenz, a nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor that became available in the late 1990s, is one of the most important. For the initial treatment of adults, the combination of efavirenz and two nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors “has become a standard-of-care comparator in clinical trials,” according to Hammer et al.1 Moreover, efavirenz is available in a fixed-dose combination tablet with the nucleoside analogues emtricitabine and tenofovir; this tablet is taken only once a day. Efavirenz can cause birth defects when taken during the first trimester of pregnancy, so its use is restricted in women . . .
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Considerations of Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Chester M. Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

ANY consideration of bleeding from the gastrointestinal tract holds the immediate implication that the problem may be either medical or surgical. This is of primary importance and must never be forgotten, either in the discussion of the general problem or in the making of decisions in the individual case. Because of the possible necessity of surgical intervention, gastrointestinal hemorrhage must invariably be considered from three distinct points of view. It must be thought of in terms of the actual site of the bleeding, which implies the necessity for accurate diagnosis whenever possible. The mechanism underlying the hemorrhage must also be . . .
"... and Read What Books I Please"
Authors: William K. Beatty
Journal: JAMA (1964)

WHAT did you do the last time you were at the airport and the announcer called loudly, "Flight 377 will not depart until 8:25; there will be a further announcement"? If you reacted in the usual way you probably growled some uncomplimentary epithets at the airline and then marched over to the newsstand for a paper or a magazine. This is one method of selecting nonmedical reading, but it is rarely satisfactory. The obvious drawback is that you probably have subscriptions to the only magazines on the stand that you might want to read. If you had been prepared, you could reach into your coat pocket and pull out A. J. Corcoran's delightful and varied anthology,<i>A Mirror up to Medicine</i>. In this conveniently sized volume you will find many perceptive and stimulating passages selected with the physician in mind. The major danger is that the reader might become so absorbed that he could
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Immunoglobulin G heavy-chain (Gm) allotypes and the immune response to wheat gliadin.
Authors: J B Weiss, R K Austin, M S Schanfield, M F Kagnoff
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

Anti-gliadin antibody was measured by radioimmunoassay in 30 Caucasians with gluten-sensitive enteropathy (GSE). 22 GSE patients maintained on a gluten-free diet for 1.5 to 20 yr (mean duration 76 mo) had elevated serum concentrations of IgG antigliadin antibody. Among GSE patients on a gluten-free diet, antigliadin antibody was seen only in those having the chromosome 14-encoded IgG immunoglobulin heavy chain allotype marker G2m(n). IgG antigliadin antibody was found in GSE patients with G2m(n) regardless of whether the HLA-B8 and/or -DR3 major histocompatibility complex antigens that occur frequently in GSE were present. No patient lacking G2m(n) had significant levels of antigliadin antibody. The association between antigliadin antibody and the immunoglobulin heavy chain allotype marker G2m(n) in GSE patients likely reflects the presence of Gmn-linked variable region genes or Gmn-linked genes that regulate variable region gene expression.
Abstract 2390: Serotonin signal transduction in human endothelial cells
Authors: Ali Zamani, Anshu Roy, Ling Zhai, Rangbao Li, Zhican Qu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Angiogenesis is a highly regulated biological complex process, which consist of endothelial cells proliferation, migration, and tubulogenesis as key cellular steps to form new blood capillaries from preexisting vessels. Imbalance in angiogenesis contributes to a variety of human diseases. Tumor growth depends on angiogenesis and antiangiogenic agents have been developed as effective anti-cancer medicine. Recently, we have demonstrated that serotonin (5-HT), a well-recognized neurotransmitter, has a promoting effect on endothelial cells proliferation, migration and tubulogenesis, suggesting serotonin plays a role in regulation of angiogenesis. To study the role of serotonin in angiogenesis, we examined the expression of serotonin receptor isoforms in human endothelial cells. Real time PCR studies have showed that, serotonin receptor 1B (HTR1B), 1D (HTR1D), 1A (HTR1A) and 2B (HTR2B) are expressed in primary human endothelial cell lines. Blocking serotonin 1B receptor had significant inhibitory effect on endothelial cells proliferation and tubulogenesis. We have further explored the 1B-mediated signal transduction in endothelial cells. The results have revealed that the serotonin 1B receptor as a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) is coupled to Gi protein and decreased intracellular cAMP level upon its receptor binding. Both serotonin and 1B receptor agonist were able to activate ERK, p38, Akt, RhoA, Rac1 and PYK2/FAK signaling in endothelial cells. In contrast, a selective antagonist for serotonin 1B receptor blocks the serotonin-stimulated Akt and PYK2/FAK activation. Experiments with pertussis toxin (general Gi blocker) further demonstrated that heterotrimeric Gi-protein is required for the activation of Akt and PYK2/FAK by serotonin. These findings suggest that Akt and PYK2/FAK are involved in signaling transduction in serotonin-activated endothelial cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2390.
Malignant melanoma and lymphoproliferative malignancy: is there a shared aetiology?
Authors: D.B. Mckenna, V.R. Doherty, K.M. Mclaren, J.A.A. Hunter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Malignant melanoma and lymphoproliferative malignancy: is there a shared aetiology? Get access D.B. Mckenna, D.B. Mckenna Departments of Dermatology and D.B.McKenna. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V.R. Doherty, V.R. Doherty Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.M. Mclaren, K.M. Mclaren Histopathology, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Lauriston Building, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.A.A. Hunter J.A.A. Hunter Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 143, Issue 1, 1 July 2000, Pages 171–173, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03610.x Published: 01 July 2000
Atrial natriuretic peptide inhibits mineralocorticoid receptor function in rat colonic surface cells.
Authors: G Schulman, R Lindemeyer, A Barman, S Karnik, C P Bastl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) inhibits and aldosterone (ALDO) stimulates Na conductive transport. Therefore, the effects of ANP and its second messenger cGMP on mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) function in rat colon surface and crypt cells were examined. 100 nM 8-Br-cGMP decreased surface [3H]ALDO binding by 42 +/- 4% but increased crypt [3HvALDO binding by 52+/-16%. ANP decreased surface [3H]ALDO binding by approximately 50% after a 2.5-h lag period but had no effect on crypt ALDO binding. ANP and cGMP rapidly (< 15 min) inhibited surface cell ALDO-induced MR nuclear translocation but did not affect crypt MR nuclear translocation. Inhibition of cGMP-dependent protein kinase with KT5823 blocked the inhibitory effects of ANP and 8-Br-cGMP on surface cell ALDO binding and MR nuclear translocation. In crypt, KT5823 increased baseline [3H]ALDO binding but did not inhibit the stimulatory effect of exogenous cGMP. DEAE-cellulose chromatography and gel mobility shift assay showed that ANP did not inhibit surface MR activation. ANP inhibited ALDO stimulated short circuit current in distal colon. These data demonstrate cell-specific regulation of MR function. In surface cells, ANP rapidly inhibits MR nuclear translocation and ALDO-induced short circuit current. ANP inhibition of MR function may be an additional mechanism of ANP antagonism of Na reabsorption.
Physician associates are as good as GPs in treating same day patients but cost less, study finds
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The tropical forests of Belize are a dynamic environment influenced by much disturbance throughout their natural history. In recent times, logging and agriculture have once more become the dominant drivers of land use change, yet the Belizean forests remain some of the most complete swathes of forest in the region. However, it is largely unknown how the abundance of specific forest types has changed. This study aims to critically assess whether valuable habitat types have been disproportionately affected by deforestation between 1986 and 2018. ENVI Classic 5.5 was used to calculate the NDVI values of Landsat imagery, with values over 0.6 deemed to indicate primary forest. ArcMap 10.6 was used for detecting change in forest cover between 1986 and 2018, in addition to digitising colonial maps. Results show variation in the percentage of forest lost between habitat types, with a bias towards forests fragmented by or replaced by agriculture, particularly in the north and along the Guatemalan border. The protected area network was found overall to have little influence on deforestation, though this varies between reserves. Of the three forest types experiencing the highest percentage of forest loss, only Ensino-Pixoy occurs exclusively outside protected areas. Cohune Santa-Maria and Sapote-Mahogany are found at least partially within protected areas and experience loss within them. Analysis of IUCN ratings of forest species revealed data deficiency, particularly concerning taxa indigenous to Mesoamerica, against which this study recommends further vegetation studies. to allow recommendations for protection of particularly threatened forest types. A review of management strategies in protected areas, especially the Caracol Archaeological Reserve, is necessary to avert the worrying deforestation trends this study has identified. The country-wide deforestation data can be used to advise future forest policy as well as calculation of national carbon stocks or determining integrity of ecosystem services.
Book: The Future of Food
Authors: C. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Brian J Ford Thames and Hudson, £6.95, pp 120 ISBN 0 500 28075 4 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Had it appeared earlier, this monograph on the future of food—one of a series entitled “Prospects for Tomorrow”—would have evoked little interest. However, in the space of a year, fuelled by publicity surrounding genetically modified foods and genetic predisposition to human disease, accounts of food-related health benefits and risks have reached unprecedented levels of visibility and audibility. So what's all the fuss about? In determining the credibility of any information on the subject, we should remember four things. Every new technology creates winners and losers, and has advocators and detractors. In any head to head confrontation, we can bet that emotion will trump science. Segments of society (the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Medical mishaps: Mistaken identity
Authors: C. Nduka, D. Leff
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The BMJ has recently focused on the underreporting of adverse events and near misses in the NHS. The clinical review article entitled “Reporting and preventing medical mishaps” (BMJ 2000; 320:759-63) stressed the importance of reporting incidents, as near misses offer numerous benefits over adverse events. In the light of this and recent events we would like to draw attention to the following.

Working in a busy plastic surgery unit, we have noticed that a variety of water, saline, and lignocaine ampoules all look virtually identical in terms of bottle design and labelling (see figure ). Our concerns about the potential for a mistake being made were confirmed recently during administration of a local anaesthetic wrist block, when a vial of water was mistaken for lignocaine.

Fortunately, in this case mistaking water for lignocaine had no serious consequences other than requiring re-injection with local anaesthetic. However, the potential consequences of an accidental intravenous injection of lignocaine (such as while preparing an intravenous infusion) are obvious.

We have contacted the manufacturers (B Braun), who are aware of the similarity in labelling and packages of these products. They state that there is nothing they can do about it and referred us to the Medicines Control Agency, which is ultimately responsible for overseeing product labelling.


When we contacted the agency it said that it was aware of the problem. Hopefully, in reporting this near miss, we will have alerted others to this potential danger. The Medicines Control Agency may even look further into its labelling guidelines if others have had similar experiences.
INFANTILE PARALYSIS AFFECTING THE LOWER EXTREMITIES; ITS SURGICAL TREATMENT AND POSSIBILITIES OF CURE
Authors: E. P. MAGRUDER
Journal: JAMA (1913)

If we remember that, rickets excepted, infantile paralysis is the most prolific source of deformity, that 85 per cent. of these deformities affect the lower extremity and that in many instances the usual treatment is tiresome and tedious and extends over many years, then any short cut to the restoration of function in such cases is worthy of consideration. It will serve for contrast and comparison if for no other purpose. My case is as follows: <h3>History.</h3> —L. J., boy, aged 3, of Prince George's County, Maryland. Family history negative; father and mother, two sisters and a brother, alive and enjoying good health. None of these has experienced any illness similar to that of the patient, though there were other cases, I am told, occurring at the same time in that neighborhood. There are no evidences whatever of syphilis in the parents. Previous history: The child was breast-fed, enjoyed excellent
Carcinoma of the pancreas and acute renal failure.
Authors: R E Lorge, P Richards
Journal: BMJ (1976)

plasma immunoreactive "3-MSH" (figure).The decrease in SER was greater in the females (463+±13-8°' SE of mean) than in the males (82-4±13.9%SE of mean) in whom the decrease was not significantly different from the normal (0 1 < P > 005).
Inheritance of the Earth
Authors: Alfred B. Mason
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Chapman raised a fascinating question: How well can the future be predicted on ecological reasoning, and what should we do about it? Apart from the usual pitfalls of prediction, he pointed out a sentimental tendency of conservationists to feel that "Nature knows best," or laissez faire. Unless we adopt the dangerous thesis that man is somehow separate from the rest of life, consistency requires us to let nature regulate everything. This seems to mean that we do nothing at all. The author noted in passing that ecological balances are never really stable, subject as they are to vagaries of climate and geology (not to mention biological evolution). Even against this background, however, our species has broken every rule in the book. Since the appearance of man, ecological instability has gone up by several orders of magnitude and is still rising. It has become evident since 1950, that
Fitness for Older Adults
Authors: Erin Brender, Alison E. Burke, Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Fitness for Older Adults Keeping active and remaining fit can help prolong your life and can even help prevent or delay illnesses or disabilities as you grow older.The benefits of physical activity extend throughout life and can improve many health conditions.Being active helps lower your risk of falls and developing heart disease and diabetes and can help you live on your own longer.Fitness and physical activity are safe for most older adults-even for those with stable chronic conditions, such as heart disease, diabetes, and arthritis.Your doctor can advise you about the safety of certain activities and increasing your fitness level.The July 12, 2006, issue of JAMA includes an article about how daily activity levels in healthy older adults aged 70 to 82 years are associated with living longer.