tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Importance of the Standardized Uptake Value on <sup>18</sup>F-Fluoro-2-Deoxy-Glucose–Positron Emission Tomography Scan in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: An Analysis of 125 Cases
Authors: Johan F. Vansteenkiste, Sigrid G. Stroobants, Patrick J. Dupont, Paul R. De Leyn, Erik K. Verbeken, Georges J. Deneffe, Luc A. Mortelmans, Maurits G. Demedts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

The amount of radio-labeled (18)F-fluoro-2-deoxy-glucose (FDG) uptake, a measurement of the increased glucose metabolism of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, has recently been correlated with proliferation capacity. The Standardized Uptake Value (SUV), a semi-quantitative measurement of FDG uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) scan, could thus be of prognostic significance.We analyzed the follow-up of 125 potentially operable NSCLC patients, previously included in three of our prospective PET protocols. Performance status, maximal tumor diameter, tumor-cell type, SUV, and final staging were analyzed for their possible association with survival.Sixty-five patients had stage I or II NSCLC, 37 had stage IIIA, and 23 had stage IIIB. Treatment was complete resection in 91 cases. In a univariate analysis, performance status (P =.002), stage (P =.001), tumor diameter (P =.06), tumor-cell type (P =.03), and SUV greater than 7 (P =.001) were correlated with survival. For SUV, group dichotomy with a cut-off SUV of 7 had the best discriminative value for prognosis, both in the total and surgical cohort. A multivariate Cox analysis identified performance status (P =.02), stage (P =.01), and SUV (P =.007) as important for the prognosis. In the surgical group, patients with a resected tumor less than 3 cm had an expected 2-year survival of 86%, if the SUV was below 7, and 60%, if above 7. Nearly all resected tumors larger than 3 cm had SUV's greater than 7 and an expected 2-year survival of 43%.We conclude that the FDG uptake in primary NSCLC on PET has an important prognostic value and could be complementary to other well-known factors in the decision on adjuvant treatment protocols.
Ultrastructural Comparison of Differentiation of Stem Cells of Murine Adenocarcinomas of Colon and Breast With Their Normal Counterparts2
Authors: G. B. Pierce, P. K. Nakane, A. Martinez-Hernandez, J. M. Ward
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Ultrastructural Comparison of Differentiation of Stem Cells of Murine Adenocarcinomas of Colon and Breast With Their Normal Counterparts Get access G. B. Pierce, G. B. Pierce Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. K. Nakane, P. K. Nakane Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Martinez-Hernandez, A. Martinez-Hernandez Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. M. Ward J. M. Ward Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 58, Issue 5, May 1977, Pages 1329–1345, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/58.5.1329 Published: 01 May 1977 Article history Received: 28 May 1976 Accepted: 27 October 1976 Published: 01 May 1977
Abstract 4362: Antibodies against KChIP2 Induce Ionic Imbalance and Cell Death in Isolated Rat Cardiomyocytes
Authors: Sangita Choudhury, Michael Schnell, Jan Lüdemann, Alexander Staudt, Heyo K Kroemer, Uwe Völker, Stephan B Felix, Martin Landsberger
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Disturbances of humoral immunity have been described in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Antibodies against Kv channel-interacting proteins (KChIPs) may be associated with heart failure. Isolated rat cardiomyocytes were treated with antibodies against rat KChIP2 (80 pmol/ml) up to 24 hours. RNA and proteins were isolated after two hours by standard procedures and mRNA (TaqMan®) and protein (Western blot) expression was quantified. Translocations of NF-κB subunits p50, p65, c-Rel, and Rel-B were measured in nuclear protein extracts by ELISA after 60 minutes. Mitochondrial membrane potential ΔΨm and caspase-3 and -9 activities were determined by flow cytometry. Necrotic and apoptotic cells were distinguished by staining with Hoechst 33258 and propidium iodide. Total Ca 2+ and K + concentrations were quantified by a colorimetric assay and atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively, and normalized to the protein content of the cells. Antibodies against KChIP2 induced nuclear translocation of all NF-κB subunits analyzed. Pre-incubation with a blocking peptide or an NF-κB inhibitor, CAPE, prevented nuclear translocation. Anti-KChIP2-treatment for two hours significantly reduced KChIP2 mRNA (55±10%; n=4) and protein (73 ±5%, n =4) expression compared to cells treated with experimental buffer (100%). Treatment for 24 hours did not induce changes in mitochondrial membrane potential, ΔΨm. Caspase-3 and -9 activities were not altered as well. The anti-KChIP2-treated cell population consisted of 75±3% necrotic, 2±1% apoptotic, and 13±2% viable cells. In contrast, cells treated with experimental buffer were viable to 86±1%. After five minutes, anti-KChIP2 induced significant increases in total intracellular Ca 2+ (plus 11±2%) and K + (plus 18±2%) concentrations. These antibody-mediated effects were prevented in the presence of a blocking peptide. Antibodies against KChIP2 induce ionic imbalance, activate the transcription factor NF-κB, down-regulate KChIP2 expression and enhance cell death rate probably due to necrosis. Antibodies against KChIP2 may contribute to the development and progression of dilated cardiomyopathy.
Effect of Allelic Substitutions at the Hairless Locus on Endogenous Ecotropic Murine Leukemia Virus Titers and Leukemogenesis 2
Authors: Hans-Jörg Heiniger, Robert J. Huebner, Hans Meier
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Leukemia-prone hairless (HRS/J; hr/hr) mice had significantly higher leukemia virus titers than did the leukemia-resistant nonmutants (hr/+ and +/+). This difference was ascribed to the allelic substitution at a single gene locus; at 6 months of age it averaged 13-fold, immediately preceding the large divergence in leukemia incidence between the mutant and nonmutant mice.
Aberrant regulation of the LIN28A/LIN28B and let-7 loop in human malignant tumors and its effects on the hallmarks of cancer
Authors: Tianzhen Wang, Guangyu Wang, Dapeng Hao, Xi Liu, Dong Wang, Ning Ning, Xiaobo Li
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2015)

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are two of the most important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, and their aberrant expression contributes to the development of human malignancies. Let-7, one of the most well-known tumor suppressors, is frequently down-regulated in a variety of human cancers. The RBP LIN28A/LIN28B, a direct target of the let-7 family of miRNAs, is an inhibitor of let-7 biogenesis and is frequently up-regulated in cancers. Aberrant regulation of the LIN28A/LIN28B and let-7 loop in human malignant tumors is reportedly involved in cancer development, contributing to cellular proliferation, cell death resistance, angiogenesis, metastasis, metabolism reprogramming, tumor-associated inflammation, genome instability, acquiring immortality and evading immune destruction. In this review, we summarized the mechanisms of LIN28A/LIN28B and let-7 loop aberrant regulation in human cancer and discussed the roles and potential mechanisms of the LIN28A/LIN28B and let-7 loop in regulating the hallmarks of cancer. The crosstalk between LIN28A/LIN28B and let-7 loop and certain oncogenes (such as MYC, RAS, PI3K/AKT, NF-κB and β-catenin) in regulating hallmarks of cancer has also been discussed.
Biomarkers and community acquired pneumonia (CAP) severity
Authors: Ana Lasierra, Sergio Fandos, Elisa Minchole, Ana Lilian Simon, Maria Angeles Ruiz, David Nieto, Elena Forcén, Salvador Bello
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

To check if any biomarker can be useful to assess Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) severity, we studied white blood cells count (WBC), and levels of C Reactive Protein (CRP), Procalcitonin (PCT) and Proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM), as well as PSI and CURB65 scores from 228 patients with CAP, within the first 24 hours of their admission in our hospital.  MR-proADM correlated better with both severity scores than other biomarkers, and was the only biomarker able to distinguish among all different risk classes of PSI score (p  ROC analysis for discrimination between low risk (PSI 1-3) from high risk (PSI 4-5) CAP showed that MR-proADM had the best AUC (0.811). and could be considered a good predictor of CAP severity (see figure 1 and table 1).  Optimal cut-off of MR-proADM of 0.646 nmol/L showed a sensitivity of 92.1%, specificity 55.1%, positive predictive value 76.2%, and negative predictive value 80.3% for severe CAP.  MR-proADM can be helpful, together with validated clinical scores, to identify CAP severity in the first hours of patient9s management.
Are acute asthma admissions preventable with improved patient education
Authors: Lekshmi Mohan Das, James Murray, Mahrukh Ajmal, Nicola Wolstenholme, Ajitha Jayaratnam
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

INTRODUCTION  Compliance and inhaler technique are key factors leading to poor asthma control with resulting hospital admissions.Most asthmatics are managed in the community, but require regular assessment to ensure compliance and good inhaler technique.Non-compliance with treatment may precipitate acute exacerbations and hospital admissions, during which specialist respiratory review may be limited.  AIM  Asthma admissions were reviewed to investigate whether these admissions may have been preventable with better management in the community.In addition, the management in the acute setting was audited against the British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines.  METHODS  A retrospective audit of case notes was undertaken for all patients admitted with acute asthma from September and October 2012.  RESULTS  41 patients were identified.56% of these were on treatment step 1 or 2 of the BTS guidelines.37% of patients were on step 3 and the remaining 7% on steps 4 and 5. At discharge, only 2 patients had a medication dose increase and only 6 had a new medication added.Documentation relating to stage of treatment, compliance and inhaler technique was poor as was provision of self-management plans.  CONCLUSIONS  Asthma exacerbations requiring admission can reflect poor disease control.Most patients were classified as mild asthmatics.As only 4% of patients had a step-up of their asthma treatment on discharge, poor compliance, inadequate inhaler technique, limited use of self-management plans and lack of patient education contributed to these admissions.Work needs to take place with GPs to ensure that regular asthma reviews are undertaken in the community.In addition, we propose an asthma checklist to improve adherence to BTS guidance.
Effect of Streptozotocin in the Chinese Hamster (Cricetulus griseus)23
Authors: Leonard D. Berman, J.A. Hayes, Thor M. Sibay
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Effect of Streptozotocin in the Chinese Hamster (Cricetulus griseus) Get access Leonard D. Berman, Leonard D. Berman Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Mallory Institute of Pathology and Channing Laboratory, Boston City Hospital, Boston, Mass. 02118 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.A. Hayes, J.A. Hayes Department of Pathology, University of Toronto and Mallory Institute of Pathology, Boston City Hospital, Boston, Mass. 02118 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Thor M. Sibay Thor M. Sibay Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 4, October 1973, Pages 1287–1294, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.4.1287 Published: 01 October 1973 Article history Received: 16 April 1973 Accepted: 15 June 1973 Published: 01 October 1973
E‐health in caring for patients with atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled cost‐effectiveness study of internet‐guided monitoring and online self‐management training
Authors: H. van Os‐Medendorp, H. Koffijberg, P.C.M. Eland‐de Kok, A. van der Zalm, M.S. de Bruin‐Weller, S.G.M.A. Pasmans, W.J.G. Ros, H.B. Thio, M.J. Knol, C.A.F.M. Bruijnzeel‐Koomen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Background The Dermatology Department of the University Medical Centre Utrecht, the Netherlands, developed an e-health portal for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), consisting of e-consultation, a patient-tailored website, monitoring and self-management training. Objectives To determine the cost-effectiveness of individualized e-health compared with usual face-to-face care for children and adults with AD. Methods A randomized controlled cost-effectiveness study from a societal perspective in adults and parents of children with moderate AD. Outcomes were quality of life, severity of AD, itching and direct and indirect costs. Data were collected at baseline and at 3 and 12 months after randomization. Linear mixed models were used to analyse clinical outcomes. After multiple imputation of missing data, costs and differences in costs were calculated over a period of 1 year. Results In total, 199 patients were included. There were no significant differences in disease-specific quality of life, severity of AD and intensity of itching between both groups at the three time points. The difference in direct costs between the intervention and control groups was €24 [95% confidence interval (CI) −360 to 383], whereas this difference was −€618 (95% CI −2502 to 1143) for indirect costs. Overall, individual e-health was expected to save €594 (95% CI −2545 to 1227) per patient in the first year of treatment, mainly through a reduction in work absenteeism. Uncertainty analyses revealed that the probability of e-health reducing costs was estimated to be ≥ 73%. Conclusions E-health during follow-up of patients with AD is, after initial diagnosis and treatment during face-to-face contact, just as effective as usual face-to-face care with regard to quality of life and severity of disease. However, when costs are considered, e-health is likely to result in substantial cost savings. Therefore, e-health is a valuable service for patients with AD.
Involvement of mitochondrial fragmentation in cigarette smoke induced-bronchial epithelial cell senescence
Authors: Hiromichi Hara, Saburo Ito, Jun Araya, Kenji Kobayashi, Hiroshi Wakui, Yutaka Yoshii, Naoki Takasaka, Chikako Tsurushige, Jun Kojima, Kenichiro Shimizu, Takeo Ishikawa, Takanori Numata, Makoto Kawaishi, Keisuke Saito, Yumi Kaneko, Katsutoshi Nakayama, Kazuyoshi Kuwano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Rationale: Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that are essential for cellular metabolic functions. The proper regulation of dynamics is crucial for their functions. Disruption of dynamics induces excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Oxidative stress and accelerated cellular senescence are implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Accordingly, we investigated the involvement of mitochondrial dynamics in cigarette smoke extract (CSE)-induced cellular senescence in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC).  Methods: SA-β-gal staining and p21 western blotting of primary HBEC were performed to evaluate cellular senescence. Fluorescence microscopic analysis of mitochondrial morphology was performed by TOM20 staining. Mitochondrial specific superoxide production was measured by MitoSOX staining. Mitochondrial fragmentation was induced by knockdown of mitochondrial fusion proteins. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and MitoTEMPO were used as antioxidants.  Results: CSE induced mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial oxidative stress, which were responsible for acceleration of cellular senescence in HBEC. Both mitochondrial fragmentation and mitochondrial oxidative stress induced by CSE treatment were inhibited in the presence of NAC or Mito TEMPO. Mitochondrial fragmentation induced by knockdown of fusion proteins also increased mitochondrial ROS production and percentages of senescent cells.  Conclusions: CSE-induced mitochondrial fragmentation is involved in cellular senescence through the mechanism of mitochondrial ROS production. Hence, disruption of mitochondrial dynamics may be a part of the pathogenic sequence of COPD development.
Aerobic exercise reduces allergic airway inflammation and remodeling by deactivating airway epithelial cells and leukocytes
Authors: Rodolfo Paula Vieira, Ronaldo Aparecido Silva, Alessandra Choqueta Toledo, Angela Batista Gomes Santos, Milton Arruda Martins, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Celso Ricardo Fernandes Carvalho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The regular practice of aerobic exercise (AE) has been shown to reduce chronic allergic airway inflammation and remodeling (CAAIR), but the mechanisms involved remains poorly understood. In the present study we investigated if 4 weeks of AE deactivates airway epithelium and peribronchial leukocytes in a model of CAAIR. Thirty-two animals were divided in control, aerobic exercise, ovalbumin and ovalbumin+aerobic exercise groups. Mice sensitized (10ug/mouse, days 0, 14, 28 and 42) and challenged with ovalbumin (3x/week; 21st until 50th day), were submitted to AE (21st until 50th day, 60min/session; 5x/week). The results demonstrated that AE in OVA-sensitized mice significantly reduced eosinophils in BAL and in airway wall and also the accumulation of collagen fibers on airway wall. This anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic response induced by AE in sensitized animals was followed by reduced expression of the followings markers by airway epithelial cells and also by peribronchial leukocytes: IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, CCL11, CCL5, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, iNOS, NF-kB, GP91phox, 3-nitrotyrosine, 8-Isoprostane, IGF-1, EGFr, VEGF, TGF-beta, MMP-12 and TIMP-2 (p<0.01). AE in sensitized animals also increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 by leukocytes and airway epithelial cells. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the beneficial effects of AE on allergic airway inflammation and remodeling is a multifactorial response involving deactivation of airway epithelial cells and also of leukocytes, by inhibition of Th2 response, chemokines, adhesion molecules, oxidative and nitrosative stress, and also on the growth factors and matrix metalloproteinases.
Effects of Adjuvant Sorafenib and Sunitinib on Cardiac Function in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients without Overt Metastases: Results from ASSURE, ECOG 2805
Authors: Naomi B. Haas, Judith Manola, Bonnie Ky, Keith T. Flaherty, Robert G. Uzzo, Christopher J. Kane, Michael Jewett, Lori Wood, Christopher G. Wood, Michael B. Atkins, Janice J. Dutcher, George Wilding, Robert S. DiPaola
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Sunitinib and sorafenib are used widely in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). These agents are associated with a significant incidence of cardiovascular (CV) dysfunction and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) declines, observed largely in the metastatic setting. However, in the adjuvant population, the CV effects of these agents remain unknown. We prospectively defined the incidence of cardiotoxicity among resected, high-risk RCC patients treated with these agents. Experimental Design: Sunitinib, sorafenib, or placebo was administered for up to 12 months in patients with high-risk, resected RCC. LVEF was measured by multigated acquisition (MUGA) scans at standard intervals. Additional CV adverse events were reported according to NCI Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). Results: Among 1,943 patients randomized, 1,599 had at least 1 post-baseline MUGA. Within 6 months, 21 patients (1.3%) experienced a cardiac event, defined as an LVEF decline from baseline that was &amp;gt;15% and below the institutional lower limit of normal. Nine of 513 patients (1.8%) were on sunitinib, 7 of 508 (1.4%) on sorafenib, and 5 of 578 (0.9%) on placebo (P = 0.28 and 0.56 comparing sunitinib and sorafenib to placebo, respectively). With dose interruption or adjustment, 16 of the 21 recovered their LVEF to &amp;gt;50%. The incidence of symptomatic heart failure, arrhythmia, or myocardial ischemia did not differ among groups. Conclusions: In the adjuvant setting, we prospectively define low incidence of cardiotoxicity with sunitinib and sorafenib. These findings may be related to close CV monitoring, or potentially to fewer CV comorbidities in our nonmetastatic population. Clin Cancer Res; 21(18); 4048–54. ©2015 AACR.
High prevalence of community-acquired norovirus gastroenteritis among hospitalized children: a prospective study
Authors: V. Gonzalez-Galan, A. Sánchez-Fauqier, I. Obando, V. Montero, M. Fernandez, M.J. Torres, O. Neth, J. Aznar-Martin
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
Development of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis among patients treated with category II regimen: A lung center of the Philippines experience
Authors: Sablan Augusto, Joven Gonong, Lawrence Raymond, Vivian Lofranco
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We need to re-evaluate the use of Category II since this contradicts the principle of adding a single drug to a failing regimen.We did a retrospective chart review of patients who received category II from December 2006 until December 2009. The objective was to determined the incidence of MDR-TB among patients who received category II regimen.  There were 363 patients who received category II treatment 16 (4.4%) patients had mono-resistance, 14 (3.9%) patients had Polyresistance, 129 (35.5%) were MDR-TB. 152 (41.9%) were culture negative and 52 (14.3%) were culture positive but fully susceptible. Of the 129 patients who developed MDR-TB, 58 (45%) belonged to the Category I failure group, 46 (33.3%) belonged to the Relapse group and 25 (27.5%) belonged to the RAD group.  The incidence of MDR-TB among patients who received category II treatment from was 35.5%. Of these, the highest was among Category I failure at 45%, followed by Relapse 35.6% and RAD at 19.4%.  We recommend that patients with category I failure should no longer receive category II treatment. Instead, MDR-TB screening should be done and standardized treatment for MDR-TB should be started. As for RAD, and Relapse, MDR-TB screening should also be done and we need to carefully re-evaluate the use of Category II treatment regimen.
Do illness beliefs predict depression and quality of life after pulmonary rehabilitation
Authors: Natalie Zöckler, Winfried Rief, Nikola Stenzel, Kerstin Kühl, Klaus Kenn
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction:  Several studies have demonstrated the relevance of illness beliefs for health-related outcomes in chronic diseases. Patients form beliefs about possible causes, controllability and consequences. These illness beliefs are linked to anxiety, distress and coping strategies.  Aim:  Aim of this study was to examine the role of subjective illness beliefs in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients on later depression and health-related quality of life after pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).  Methods:  96 COPD inpatients (GOLD III/IV; 56 female; M=61.3 yrs+8.7) were tested for measures such as exercise capacity (6MWD) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 % pred.) before and after PR. Additionally, assessment of illness beliefs (Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R)), health-related quality of life (HRQL;SF36) and depressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) was included.  Results:  Biomedical variables showed a significant improvement after PR: 6MWD 66 ±56m; p   Conclusion:  Patients9 illness beliefs before PR strongly influence later health-related quality of life and depression. COPD-patients may benefit from interventions aimed at changing maladaptive illness beliefs to improve outcome of treatment.