tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Phase I trial of subcutaneous recombinant macrophage colony-stimulating factor: clinical and immunomodulatory effects.
Authors: R M Bukowski, G T Budd, J A Gibbons, R J Bauer, A Childs, J Antal, J Finke, L Tuason, V Lorenzi, D McLain
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE Recombinant human macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rM-CSF) has been demonstrated to control the growth, differentiation, and function of mononuclear phagocytes. Preclinical studies have indicated antitumor effects, and therefore a phase I trial of rM-CSF in patients with malignancy was initiated. The toxicity and hematologic and immunologic effects were investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS rM-CSF was administered as a subcutaneous injection on days 1 through 5 and 8 through 12. Cycles were repeated every 28 days. Cohorts of four to seven patients received rM-CSF at dose levels from 0.1 to 25.6 mg/m2/d. Forty-two patients received 88 cycles of rM-CSF. All patients had metastatic solid tumors refractory to standard therapy. RESULTS The toxicity of rM-CSF was mild. Dose-limiting toxicity included thrombocytopenia (two patients) and iritis (one patient) occurring at a dose of 25.6 mg/m2/d. Hematologic studies demonstrated dose-related monocytosis occurring routinely at doses &gt; or = 3.2 mg/m2/d, and thrombocytopenia. Immunologic studies demonstrated enhanced secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta) by monocytes after in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, and increased expression of TNF-alpha mRNA at higher rM-CSF dose levels. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated that the systemic clearance rate of M-CSF increases during week 1 of therapy, resulting in lower blood levels of M-CSF during the second week of therapy. CONCLUSION rM-CSF can be safely administered to patients, and has biologic activity on peripheral-blood monocytes.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Conferred Acquired Crizotinib Resistance to a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Line Harboring the Slc34A2-Ros1 Fusion Gene
Authors: Y. Kato, K. Ohashi, E. Ichihara, H. Isozaki, K. Kudo, D. Minami, T. Kubo, A. Sato, K. Hotta, M. Tabata, N. Takigawa, M. Tanimoto, K. Kiura
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
The Colony-Forming Cell in the Normal and Leukemic Human Host: Responses to Streptovaricin and Rifamycin SV 2
Authors: Julius S. Horoszewicz, Daniel M. Byrd, Joseph E. Sokal, William A. Carter
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

The in vitro effects of streptovaricin complex (SvCx), streptovaricin C (SvC), and rifamycin SV (RiSV) on colony-forming cells (CFCs) from the peripheral blood of 19 normal individuals and 2 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) were determined in a soft-agar culture system. All 3 ansamycins, which inhibit the RNAdependent DNA polymerase of oncornaviruses, had strong anti-CFC activity at concentrations <50 μg/ml. The order of potency was RiSV > > SvCx > SvC; the mean 50/e inhibitory concentrations were 2.5, 25, and 42 μg/ml, respectively. Antiproliferative activities of these ansamycins on CFCs from both CML patients were similar and no selective toxicity was observed.
Symptoms and Cognition as Predictors of Community Functioning: A Prospective Analysis
Authors: Ross M.G. Norman, Ashok K. Malla, Leonardo Cortese, Stephen Cheng, Kristine Diaz, Elizabeth McIntosh, Terry S. McLean, Ann Rickwood, L.P. Voruganti
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

It has been suggested that level of cognitive functioning as assessed by formal neurocognitive tests may be as important as, or even more important than, symptoms in predicting level of community functioning for patients with schizophrenia. The results of past prospective studies, when carefully examined, do not consistently support this hypothesis. In the current study, the authors used symptom and neurocognitive data to predict subsequent level of functioning in the community.Neurocognitive and symptom data collected as part of an earlier study were used to predict the community functioning of 50 patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Using the Life Skills Profile, staff of a community mental health program assessed community functioning while blind to the earlier symptom ratings and neurocognitive performance.Symptoms were more predictive of community functioning than were neurocognitive measures. Disorganization symptoms were generally more predictive of community functioning than was either psychomotor poverty or reality distortion.The results of this study and of previous longitudinal studies suggest the importance of using symptom levels after optimal treatment, rather than symptoms during acute episodes, as predictors of community functioning. They also indicate the need to evaluate the effects of treatment on disorganization as a separable dimension of symptoms.
Late failure of non-invasive ventilation in COPD
Authors: Evelyn Palmer, Hannah Burns, Stephen C. Bourke
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction   In acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) complicated by late failure of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), poor survival has been reported in patients who decline intubation and persist with NIV (see table). 1  ATS-ERS and BTS guidelines recommend intubation is considered. However, clinical practice varies considerably and intubation is often not offered.   Methods   In 93 patients requiring NIV for respiratory acidaemia due to AECOPD, outcomes, including late failure (respiratory acidaemia > 48hrs on NIV, despite initial correction), were assessed.   Results   14/93 developed late failure. Of these, 6 had co-existent ischaemic heart disease and/or left ventricular failure and 10 required help in activities of daily living. At presentation, mean (SD) age = 78.1 (8.9) years; pH = 7.25 (0.07), PaCO 2  = 10.1 (1.9) kPa. All were managed by intensifying NIV: mean (range) IPAP =24.5 (22-28); EPAP = 4.9 (4-6); back-up BPM = 16. Nine patients survived to discharge, in whom 90 day mortality was 33%.   Discussion   In both studies, late failure was associated with functional limitation. In our cohort, intensifying NIV was associated with better survival, despite older age. This may be related to factors such as improvements in interfaces, patient-ventilator synchrony and higher levels of pressure support provided. This data suggests that, in patients with late failure of NIV, intensifying NIV is associated with acceptable outcomes. Further research directly comparing outcomes with invasive ventilation is warranted.  1. Moretti Thorax 2000.
Measurement of Brain Tumor Volumes by the Perimeter Method
Authors: Charles M. Bagley Jr, A. Gregory Sorensen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.12.3159 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11408516 Measurement of Brain Tumor Volumes by the Perimeter Method Charles M. Bagley JrxCharles M. Bagley JrSearch for articles by this author A. Gregory SorensenxA. Gregory SorensenSearch for articles by this author Show More Puget Sound Cancer Centers, Seattle, WAMassachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.12.3159 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2001 by American Society of Clinical OncologyjcoJ Clin OncolJournal of Clinical OncologyJCO0732-183X1527-7755American Society of Clinical OncologyResponse15062001In Reply:We appreciate Dr Bagley’s interest in our article. We agree with Bagley that a 50% change in volume differs from a 50% change in cross-sectional area, and we concur that a 50% decrease in cross-sectional area has been a standard for response definition in the past. In our article, the choice of a 50% change in volume (rather than, for example, a 65% reduction in volume) was somewhat arbitrary and chosen for convenience only. Indeed, our results demonstrating the potential impact of the greater variability of the cross-sectional method compared with the volumetric method remain intact and relevant no matter what threshold is chosen to determine response.We purposely hoped to avoid the ongoing discussion (some might suggest controversy) surrounding how the oncology community chooses to define various response parameters. Our aim was instead to illustrate that efficient methods now exist to reduce the variance of these measures, and that this reduction in variance is large enough to improve estimates of tumor response and thereby potentially allow smaller patient groups to be used to test novel therapies. This reduction in variance is not a result of choosing a volumetric method instead of a cross-sectional method, but rather a result of computer assistance in the segmentation.However, Bagley may imply in his final comments about the accessibility of film images to the oncologist that the simpler measurement is also preferable in clinical trials. We believe one of the implications of our results is that an oncology trial that uses semi-automated tumor quantitation could require significantly fewer subjects, and that this added benefit could offset the issue that fewer investigators could perform the analysis on-site. We thank Dr Bagley for agreeing that this reduction in variance seems useful and apologize for any confusion that our choice of measurement change may have caused.
Prognostic significance of serum markers in acute exacerbation of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias
Authors: Toru Arai, Yoshikazu Inoue, Kazunobu Tachibana, Yasushi Inoue, Akihide Nishiyama, Chikatoshi Sugimoto, Tomoko Kagawa, Tomohisa Okuma, Masanori Akira, Masanori Kitaichi, Seiji Hayashi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Acute exacerbation (AE) of idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) is a topic for recent years. We have shown that diffuse pattern of high resolution CT (HRCT) at AE of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a worse prognostic factor (Akira, AJRCCM 2008). Prognostic significance of serum levels of KL-6 and surfactant protein (SP)-D in AE of IIPs has not been clarified sufficiently.   Aim:  We examined clinical findings in AE of IIPs retrospectively to clarify the significance of serum KL-6 and SP-D as a prognostic factor.   Subjects:  Seventy cases of AE of IIPs were diagnosed according to the guideline of Japanese Respiratory Society in 2004 and classified with radiological and/or pathological findings into two groups: IPF (n=55) and non-IPF (n=15).   Method:  Serum levels of KL-6 and SP-D were compared between 30days survivors and non-survivors. Prognostic factors determining 30days survival was examined by logistic regression analysis among various clinical parameters including serum markers, HRCT patterns at AE (diffuse/non-diffuse).   Results:  Serum SP-D levels of 30days survivors at AE were significantly less than that of non-survivors, however, there was no difference in serum KL-6 levels. Serum KL-6 of patients with diffuse pattern was significantly lower than that of patients with non-diffuse pattern. Logistic analysis revealed that serum KL-6 at AE, white blood cell counts, immunoglobulin G, gender, complication of diabetes meritus and pre-treatment before AE were significant factors determining 30days survival.   Conclusions:  Serum KL-6 (>1450U/ml) is a significant worse prognostic factor determining 30 days survival in AE of IIPs.
Immunology of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus. Correlation of the Immunodiffusion Precipitate Line With Type-B Virus Particles2
Authors: Phyllis B. Blair, David W. Weiss, Dorothy R. Pitelka
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Journal Article Immunology of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus. Correlation of the Immunodiffusion Precipitate Line With Type-B Virus Particles Get access Phyllis B. Blair, Phyllis B. Blair Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David W. Weiss, David W. Weiss Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Dorothy R. Pitelka Dorothy R. Pitelka Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 37, Issue 3, September 1966, Pages 261–277, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/37.3.261 Published: 01 September 1966 Article history Received: 07 October 1965 Revision received: 06 February 1966 Published: 01 September 1966
Tamoxifen in the Treatment of Advanced or Recurrent Endometrial Carcinoma: A Gynecologic Oncology Group Study
Authors: Tate Thigpen, Mark F. Brady, Howard D. Homesley, John T. Soper, Jeffrey Bell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

In two large Gynecologic Oncology Group studies of patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma and no previous systemic therapy, progestins have demonstrated activity against advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma with response rates between 15% and 25%. Tamoxifen has been reported as variously active or inactive with or without previous systemic therapy. The purpose of this study was to determine whether tamoxifen exhibits enough activity in patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma, who have not received systemic therapy, to warrant a phase III trial.Sixty-eight eligible patients with advanced or recurrent endometrial carcinoma received oral tamoxifen 20 mg bid until toxicity was unacceptable or disease progressed.Three complete (4%) and four partial (6%) responses were observed for an overall response rate of 10% (90% confidence interval [CI], 5.7% to 17.9%). Patients with tumors that were more anaplastic tended to respond less frequently. The median progression-free survival for all 68 eligible patients was 1.9 months (90% CI, 1.7 to 3.2 months). The median survival was 8.8 months (90% CI, 7.0 to 10.1 months).Tamoxifen demonstrated modest activity at best against endometrial carcinoma and does not warrant further investigation as a single agent for this disease. Ongoing trials will assess the sequential use of tamoxifen and progestational agents.
Detection of occult melanoma cells in blood with a multiple-marker polymerase chain reaction assay.
Authors: D S Hoon, Y Wang, P S Dale, A J Conrad, P Schmid, D Garrison, C Kuo, L J Foshag, A J Nizze, D L Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE The objective of the study was to develop a sensitive multimarker polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to detect circulating melanoma cells in patient blood. The rationale was that malignant melanoma is heterogeneous in regards to antigen expression. PATIENTS AND METHODS A PCR assay that uses four melanoma-associated gene markers (tyrosinase, p97, MUC18, and MAGE-3) was developed. Sensitivity and specificity of the PCR assay for individual markers were assessed using 10 melanoma cell lines and peripheral-blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 39 normal volunteers as controls. The assay's sensitivity and specificity were improved using nested primers and Southern blot analysis. Patients (N = 119) with American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages I to IV disease were evaluated for circulating melanoma cells using the four gene markers under optimal conditions. RESULTS All melanoma-associated gene markers were expressed in at least 80% of the melanoma lines, whereas 37 of 39 normal PBL tested negative for all markers; the remaining two PBL were positive for MUC18. Using four markers in the PCR assay was significantly better than using tyrosinase alone. There was a significant correlation between the number of positive PCR markers, AJCC stage of disease, and progression of disease. In all AJCC stages, there were more PCR-positive patients with disease than without disease. CONCLUSION A multimarker PCR assay is more reliable and sensitive than a single-marker assay for detection of melanoma cells in blood of patients. This assay can provide important insight into tumor progression kinetics without major surgical or conventional radiologic diagnostic procedures.
In Memoriam Ramzi S. Cotran
Authors: Barry M. Brenner
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2001)

“... and, when he shall die,   Take him and cut him out in little stars,   And he will make the face of heaven so fine,   That all the world will be in love with night,   And pay no worship to the garish sun .”  —Romeo and Juliet, Act 3, Scene 2  



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Multicenter outcome study of cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit: a probability of mortality model.
Authors: J S Groeger, S Lemeshow, K Price, D M Nierman, P White, J Klar, S Granovsky, D Horak, S K Kish
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To develop prospectively and validate a model for probability of hospital survival at admission to the intensive care unit (ICU) of patients with malignancy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This was an inception cohort study in the setting of four ICUs of academic medical centers in the United States. Defined continuous and categorical variables were collected on consecutive patients with cancer admitted to the ICU. A preliminary model was developed from 1,483 patients and then validated on an additional 230 patients. Multiple logistic regression modeling was used to develop the models and subsequently evaluated by goodness-of-fit and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The main outcome measure was hospital survival after ICU admission. RESULTS The observed hospital mortality rate was 42%. Continuous variables used in the ICU admission model are PaO2/FiO2 ratio, platelet count, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure, and days of hospitalization pre-ICU. Categorical entries include presence of intracranial mass effect, allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, recurrent or progressive cancer, albumin less than 2.5 g/dL, bilirubin &gt; or = 2 mg/dL, Glasgow Coma Score less than 6, prothrombin time greater than 15 seconds, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) greater than 50 mg/dL, intubation, performance status before hospitalization, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The P values for the fit of the preliminary and validation models are .939 and .314, respectively, and the areas under the ROC curves are .812 and .802. CONCLUSION We report a disease-specific multivariable logistic regression model to estimate the probability of hospital mortality in a cohort of critically ill cancer patients admitted to the ICU. The model consists of 16 unambiguous and readily available variables. This model should move the discussion regarding appropriate use of ICU resources forward. Additional validation in a community hospital setting is warranted.
Treatment of peripheral neuroepithelioma in children and young adults.
Authors: J S Miser, T J Kinsella, T J Triche, R Steis, M Tsokos, R Wesley, K Horvath, J Belasco, D L Longo, E Glatstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Seventeen patients with peripheral neuroepithelioma were treated with an intensive chemotherapy regimen of vincristine, Adriamycin (Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cyclophosphamide (VADRIAC) in combination with radiation therapy. Fifteen patients with stage III (seven) or stage IV (eight) at presentation were treated on a more intensive regimen including total body irradiation (TBI) (8 Gy). Two patients with stage I (one) or II (one) disease received a less intensive chemotherapy regimen of VADRIAC. Therapy was completed within 6 to 7 months in all patients. The disease arose in the chest wall in 12 patients, pelvis in three patients, and extremity in two patients. Sixteen of the 17 (94%) patients achieved a complete remission. With a median follow-up of 18 months, ten patients remain in complete remission with an actuarial survival of 68% and an actuarial relapse-free survival of 56% at 12 months. On the basis of our initial experience with this tumor, we believe that peripheral neuroepithelioma is a chemoresponsive and radioresponsive tumor.
The role of endobroncial ultrasound guided biopsy in diagnosis of mediastinal/hilar lympadenopathy in patients with extrathoracic malignancy
Authors: Elif Torun Parmaksiz, Benan Caglayan, Banu Salepci, Sevda Sener Comert, Nesrin Kiral, Ali Fidan, Gulsen Sarac
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Accurate diagnosis of enlarged hilar/mediastinal lymph nodes is mandatory for adequate management of patients with known primary malignancy. We aimed to determine the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy of EBUS-TBNA for clarification of the nature of enlarged hilar/mediastinal lymph nodes in patients with known extrathoracic malignancy. Patients with extrathoracic malignancy who had undergone EBUS-TBNA for assessment of enlarged hilar/mediastinal lymph nodes in December 2008-September 2011 were reviewed. 48 patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA were included. Mean age of 12 male,36 female patients was 57.38 ±11.60. Malignancy was detected in 18(37.5 %),tuberculosis in 6(12.5%),sarcoidosis in 4(8.3%),anthracosis in 2(4.2%),reactive adenitis in 18(37.5%). EBUS-TBNA was also found to offer an effective accurate and minimally invasive strategy for evaluating nonmalignant lesions of pathological hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes such as tuberculosis and sarcoidosis. The sensitivity and specificity of EBUS-TBNA for malignancy in patients with reference pathology was 83% and 100%,respectively. Negative predictive value for malignancy was 90%. Procedure-related complications were minor bleeding in 2,slight reversible desaturation in 1. When both benign and malignant diagnoses are considered sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive value were 88%, 100% and 88%, respectively. We conclude that EBUS is a safe,minimally invasive,inexpensive and accurate procedure for diagnosing mediastinal/hilar lymphadenopathy in patients with extrathoracic malignancy. Nevertheless,due to the possibility of underdiagnosis,an invasive technique is indicated when results are negative.
Chitotriosidase activity and CHIT1 gene polymorphism in sarcoidosis
Authors: Matev Harlander, Mirjana Zupancic, Barbara Salobir, AleÅ¡ Maver, Borut Peterlin, Marjeta Tercelj
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction   Among several biomarkers of sarcoidosis activity chitotriosidase (CTO) has been found to be useful. Some subjects have a 24-base pair duplication in the CTO gene (CHIT1) that results in the production of inactive enzyme which might interfere with the validity of the marker.   Aims   The study was conducted 1) to confirm previous observations of increased CTO activity in patients with sarcoidosis and 2) to evaluate influence of CHIT1 polymorphism on CTO activity.   Methods   The study comprises 47 patients with newly diagnosed active sarcoidosis (27 females, 20 males, average age 42,3 years). CTO activity was determined in serum and BAL using a standard fluorimetric method. CHIT1 genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).   Results   A normal CHIT1 genotype (NN) was present in 61,7% of the subjects, 34.0% were heterozygotes for defected allele (ND) and 4,3% were homozygotes (DD).  The mean serum CTO value was 736 nmol/mL/h (± 583) and was increased in 93,6% of patients. The mean BAL CTO value was 9,01 nmol/mL/h (± 12.8). There was a correlation between serum and BAL CTO activities (r 0,710, p   There was no significant difference between NN and ND subjects in serum CTO activity (855 ± 657 nmol/mL/h, 612 ± 348 nmol/mL/h, p 0,331), but a significant difference in BAL CTO activity (12,24 ± 15,02 nmol/mL/h, 4,31 ± 5,07 nmol/mL/h, p=0,001). There was no CTO activity in mutation homozygotes.   Conclusions   The results confirm previous observations that the CTO activity is increased in patients with sarcoidosis. Unexpectedly, there was no significant difference in serum CTO activity between CHIT1 normal homozygotes and heterozygotes which warrants further study.