tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Advanced Paternal Age Is Associated with Impaired Neurocognitive Outcomes during Infancy and Childhood
Authors: Sukanta Saha, Adrian G Barnett, Claire Foldi, Thomas H Burne, Darryl W Eyles, Stephen L Buka, John J McGrath
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Advanced paternal age (APA) is associated with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, as well as with dyslexia and reduced intelligence. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between paternal age and performance on neurocognitive measures during infancy and childhood. A sample of singleton children (n = 33,437) was drawn from the US Collaborative Perinatal Project. The outcome measures were assessed at 8 mo, 4 y, and 7 y (Bayley scales, Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale, Graham-Ernhart Block Sort Test, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Wide Range Achievement Test). The main analyses examined the relationship between neurocognitive measures and paternal or maternal age when adjusted for potential confounding factors. Advanced paternal age showed significant associations with poorer scores on all of the neurocognitive measures apart from the Bayley Motor score. The findings were broadly consistent in direction and effect size at all three ages. In contrast, advanced maternal age was generally associated with better scores on these same measures. The offspring of older fathers show subtle impairments on tests of neurocognitive ability during infancy and childhood. In light of secular trends related to delayed fatherhood, the clinical implications and the mechanisms underlying these findings warrant closer scrutiny.
Targeted ablation of Fgf23 demonstrates an essential physiological role of FGF23 in phosphate and vitamin D metabolism
Authors: Takashi Shimada, Makoto Kakitani, Yuji Yamazaki, Hisashi Hasegawa, Yasuhiro Takeuchi, Toshiro Fujita, Seiji Fukumoto, Kazuma Tomizuka, Takeyoshi Yamashita
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Inorganic phosphate is essential for ECM mineralization and also as a constituent of important molecules in cellular metabolism. Investigations of several hypophosphatemic diseases indicated that a hormone-like molecule probably regulates serum phosphate concentration. FGF23 has recently been recognized as playing important pathophysiological roles in several hypophosphatemic diseases. We present here the evidence that FGF23 is a physiological regulator of serum phosphate and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) by generating FGF23-null mice. Disruption of the Fgf23 gene did not result in embryonic lethality, although homozygous mice showed severe growth retardation with abnormal bone phenotype and markedly short life span. The Fgf23–/– mice displayed significantly high serum phosphate with increased renal phosphate reabsorption. They also showed an elevation in serum 1,25(OH)2D that was due to the enhanced expression of renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1α-hydroxylase (1α-OHase) from 10 days of age. These phenotypes could not be explained by currently known regulators of mineral homeostasis, indicating that FGF23 is essential for normal phosphate and vitamin D metabolism.
The Prognostic Index in Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Alfred W. Kopf
Journal: JAMA (1978)

According to an article by Schmoeckel and Braun-Falco (<i>Arch Dermatol</i>114:871-873, 1978), the best method of predicting metastases from malignant melanoma was the prognostic index, which was defined as the product of tumor thickness (millimeter) and the number of mitoses per square millimeter. This index allowed the authors to predict with a high degree of accuracy those primary melanomas that later developed metastases. This potentially important observation has the great advantage of simplicity for the pathologist since all it requires is the determination of two values—tumor thickness and mitoses per square millimeter. However, it is likely that numerous factors will eventually be found to have added importance in prognosticating the outcome of primary malignant melanomas. Thus, factors such as type of melanoma (lentigo maligna melanoma, superficial spreading melanoma, nodular melanoma, acral lentiginous melanoma, and mucosal melanomas), the site of the melanoma (head and neck, trunk, limbs, palms and soles, and
TCT-172 Aspirin monotherapy after left atrial appendage occlusion with the Amplatzer Cardiac Plug: results from the ACP Study Group Registry
Authors: Apostolos Tzikas, Samera Shakir, Horst Sievert, Heyder Omran, Sergio Berti, Gennaro Santoro, Joelle Kefer, Ulf Landmesser, Jens Erik Nielsen-Kudsk, Ignacio Cruz-González, Paolo L Danna, Sameer Gafoor, Tobias Tichelbäcker, Fabian Nietlispach, Adel Aminian, Friederike Kasch, Xavier Freixa, Marco Rezzaghi, Paul Vermeersch, Miroslava Stolcova, Wolfgang Schillinger, Bernhard Meier, Jai-Wun Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Clinton fires latest salvo in Medicare drug benefit war
Authors: F. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

President Clinton is trying to extend the Medicare programme in the United States so that it partially covers the high cost of prescription drugs. Elderly people are spending an increasing proportion of their incomes on drugs, and the problem has become a hot political issue.

President Clinton's plan, which has yet to become law, would give Medicare beneficiaries the option to buy a prescription drug benefit that would …
Accelerated neointima formation in a mouse injury model of type 2 diabetes mellitus: hyperglycemia, hyperinsullnemla, and insulin resistance following lipid feeding in the apolipoprotein-E-deficient mouse
Authors: J.William Phillips, Kurt G. Barringhaus, John S. Sanders, Ann C. Czarnik, Zandong Yang, Meng Chen, Jerry Nadler, Ian J. Sarembock
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Geriatrics in the cottage hospital
Authors: J. A Davis
Journal: BMJ (1976)

results in our area than nystatin used in the standard fashion over a 14-day period (93% success rate with chlotrimazole, 840' success rate with nystatin).'Carrying this principle even further, we have recently shortened the course of clotrimazole to three days only (two pessaries nightly for three nights).This time our success rate was 89%.Throughout these investigations our trial criteria were identical and diagnoses and assessment were based on cultural as well as clinical grounds.Although such short-term results are clinic- ally acceptable, relapse and/or reinfection remain a constant problem so there is no room for complacency.Much more has to be done before we can regard the problem of candidosis as solved and under control.
Paediatrician cleared of serious professional misconduct
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

A teenager who had been bedridden with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) for two years this week lost her High Court challenge to a decision by the General Medical Council to clear a paediatrician who tried to influence her treatment against her parents' wishes.

Lawyers for the 18 year old, named only as Miss A, argued that the decision to find Christopher Cheetham not guilty of serious professional misconduct was legally flawed because the GMC had not considered whether he had been acting in breach of confidence.

But the judge, Mr Justice Charles, said the GMC had been …
Suicide in San Francisco.
Authors: S G Potts
Journal: BMJ (1982)

As I had always had a long-felt desire to visit San Francisco, I applied for an elective there in clinical suicidology offered by the University of California's department of psychiatry. Once accepted, I prepared to fly out, not knowing quite what to expect. Psychiatry? In California? people asked, in voices tinged with scorn, conjuring images of pandering to the egos of rich neurotic divorcees. Then, eyes narrowed ever so slightly in suspicion, they queried further: And why San Francisco? alluding to the city's reputation as a centre for generations of outcasts, from the Beat Poets of the '50s, through the hippies of the '60s, to its current invasion by America's more exuberant homosexuals. I arrived with an open mind, leaving time to explore and find a home before starting work. The medical school stands between the wooded hilltop which forms the city's high point and the broad green gash of the Golden Gate Park. It is reached by way of the Haight, where dishevelled remnants of hippy Mecca days lead dogs past boutique windows and tramp-owned nighttime doorways. In the park nearby hordes of lunchtime joggers model sportswear on the grass, while serious runners pant eucalyptus air downhill to the roaring surf of Ocean Beach. I found a room in the Sunset, a quiet cocoon surrounding the medical centre and home to many of its workers. Even here, amid the vegetarian restaurants and alternative bookshops, the smell of street fear at night is strong: by the General Hospital, far on the other side of town in the poor Spanish heart of the Mission District, it is overpowering, with the hospital a haven from the clamour and violence around it. It was here that I worked, often with the victims of that violence and sometimes with its perpetrators.
Importance of genitourinary and urology colleagues working in harmony
Authors: A. L. Tang, S. Edwards, C. Bates, M. Nathan, J. Pritchard, D. Bansal, I. Fernando, S. Parameswaran, E. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (2013)

We disagree with Arya and colleagues’ conclusion, based on just one paper, that initial referral to specialties other than urology is an “error.”1 One of us (CB) runs a penile clinic in a genitourinary service that refers patients to the regional centre surveyed in that paper but was not asked about reasons for …
Interference by Phenazopyridine With the Leukocyte Esterase Dipstick
Authors: Jamie E. Kerr, Carrie Magee-Nolan, Barbara L. Schuster
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The leukocyte esterase dipstick (Chemstrip 9) has been shown to be a sensitive screening test for pyuria and hematuria in symptomatic<sup>1</sup>and asymptomatic<sup>2</sup>patients. In an attempt to develop a cost-effective approach to this problem in a university health service, all female patients complaining of dysuria were screened with the dipstick. One hundred consecutive symptomatic females were screened from August 1985 through November 1985. The dipstick results were compared with microscopic examinations and culture results. Leukocyte chamber counts were not obtained because this test is not routinely available in most primary care ambulatory settings. <h3>Report of a Study.—</h3> Four patients reported taking phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) within 24 hours of the laboratory evaluation. Two (50% ) of the four urine specimens had negative leukocyte esterase readings, with microscopic urinalyses showing 13 and 17 white blood cells per high-power field (WBCs/hpf). Culture results showed more than 100 000
EFFECTS OF AN INTENSIVE GLYCEMIC CONTROL WITH INSULIN ON PLATELET REACTIVITY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: A LONG-TERM RESULTS OF THE CHIPS STUDY
Authors: David Vivas, Esther Bernardo, Juan Carlos Garc&iacute;a-Rubira, Dominick Angiolillo, Patricia Mart&iacute;n, Ana Ramos, Ivan Nu&ntilde;ez-Gil, Carlos Macaya, Antonio Fernandez-Ortiz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A Field on Che
Authors: José A. Delgado, Juan Portuondo, Humberto Ravelo, Pedro Tamayo, Miguel Angel Bosch, Marta Bosch, Eugenio Allende, Rafael Alvarez, Hortensia Alvarez, Raul Fernandez, Francisco Borges, Moises Jacobs, Armando Gutierrez, Osvaldo Casas, René Montero, Julio San Martin, Ramon Berenguer, José De la Torre, Juan Llambes
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

To the Editor: The New England Journal of Medicine has been for years rated among the outstanding medical journals in the world. The undersigned read it regularly. It is easy to understand our surprise and disgust when we read, in the December 4, 1969, issue, Dr. Harper's article Ernesto (Che) Guevara. To begin with, it is questionable whether Guevara ever graduated from medical school, although it is a fact that he never practiced medicine. It seems very likely that Dr. Harper writes about a man he didn't know, countries he has never seen and a language he can't understand. (Who . . .
A variant of human paraoxonase/arylesterase (HUMPONA) gene is a risk factor for coronary artery disease.
Authors: M Serrato, A J Marian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1995)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex trait caused by a number of genetic and environmental factors. Recently, paraoxonase/arylesterase (PONA) enzyme has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. There is a 10-40-fold variability in the activity of this enzyme among individuals. This variability is due to the presence of an A/G polymorphism in the coding region of the gene (HUMPONA). The A and G alleles code for glutamine (A genotype) and arginine (B genotype), respectively. Individuals with A genotype have a lower enzymatic activity than those with B genotype. We determined the HUMPONA genotypes and alleles in 223 patients with angiographically documented CAD and in 247 individuals in the general population. The distribution of genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in patients and in controls. Genotypes A and B were present in 120 (49%) and 28 (11%) individuals in controls and in 68 (30%) and 40 (18%) patients with CAD, respectively (chi squared= 16.5, P= 0.0003). The frequency of the A allele was 0.69 in controls and 0.56 in patients (OR= 1.7, P= 0.0001). There were no differences in the distribution of HUMPONA genotypes in the subgroups of patients with restenosis, myocardial infarction, or any of the conventional risk factors for CAD as compared with corresponding subgroups. In summary, variants of the HUMPONA gene are involved in predisposition to coronary atherosclerosis.
Study Design: Two Standards?
Authors: JOSEPH D. SAPIRA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1985Study Design: Two Standards?JOSEPH D. SAPIRA, M.D.JOSEPH D. SAPIRA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-5-810_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The two articles on biofeedback in the August issue (1, 2) both damn with faintest praise the study of fecal incontinence by Engel and coworkers (3), complaining of the absence of a control group among other things. On the surface it does not seem fair to criticize on these grounds when at the same time Dr. Marzuk states it is "difficult to define what experimental conditions constitute an adequate control group for biofeedback."In fact, it is easy: A "yoked" control would be a matched subject (patient) randomly assigned to the control group. This patient's sessions would...References1. MARZUK P. Biofeedback for gastrointestinal disorders: a review of the literature. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:240-4. LinkGoogle Scholar2. . Biofeedback for gastrointestinal disorders. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:291-3. LinkGoogle Scholar3. ENGELNIKOOMANESHSCHUSTER BPM. Operant conditioning of rectosphincteric responses in the treatment of fecal incontinence. N Engl J Med. 1974;290:646-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. RICHARDSONROBINSON DA. Desmopressin. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:228-39. LinkGoogle Scholar5. WERNERDIENSTAGKUTER BJB. Isolated antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen and response to hepatitis B vaccination. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:201-5. LinkGoogle Scholar6. FLETCHERDEBEHNKELOVOIGORIN ERMA. Undiagnosed sleep apnea in patients with essential hypertension. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:190-5. LinkGoogle Scholar7. SIMONSONTAMBORLANEDEFRONZOSHERWIN DWRR. Intensive insulin therapy reduces counterregulatory hormone responses to hypoglycemia in patients with type I diabetes. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:184-90. LinkGoogle Scholar8. MALAGELADAPHILLIPSSHORTER JSR. Postoperative reflux gastritis: pathophysiology and long-term outcome after roux-en-Y diversion. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:178-83. LinkGoogle Scholar9. MANNUCCIMORFINIGATTI PML. No hepatitis after treatment with a modified factor IX concentrate in previously untreated hemophiliacs. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:226-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Louis University Veterans Administration Medical Center St. Louis, MO 63125 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1985Volume 103, Issue 5Page: 810-810KeywordsIncontinence Issue Published: 1 November 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Gastric ulcer healing in the rat: kinetics and localisation of de novo procollagen synthesis
Authors: M Shahin, A Gillessen, T Pohle, C Weber, D Schuppan, H Herbst, W Domschke
Journal: Gut (1997)

Background and aims —To gain further insight into the role of the extracellular matrix during healing of peptic ulcers, sequential changes of procollagen expression were studied over 30 days of ulcer healing. Materials and methods —Procollagens α1(I), α1(III), and α1(IV) RNA and their polypeptides were assessed in acetic acid induced rat gastric ulcers by in situ hybridisation and immunohistochemistry. Results —Three days after ulcer induction, intense hybridisation signals were obtained with all probes, with procollagen α1(I) showing the highest transcript levels. Procollagen gene expression remained elevated up to day 15, but was reduced to initial low levels on day 30. Immunohistochemical staining documented increased deposition of the three procollagen types parallel to their respective transcript levels, again with type I showing the earliest and the most prominent deposits. The highest procollagen transcript levels were found in the intact submucosa surrounding the ulcer margins, followed by the muscularis propria and the serosa, with the lamina propria exhibiting the lowest transcript levels. Conclusion —The procollagens studied are regulated differentially at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. The early onset and long duration of procollagen expression as well as the involvement of all layers of the gastric wall points to their central structural and functional role in gastric ulcer healing.
Children of Depressed Parents: Risk, Identification, and Intervention
Authors: Frank E. Crumley
Journal: JAMA (1984)

This is a timely book that would be of interest to all those who treat children or parents. Renewed psychiatric research in depression and the rising suicide rate among adolescents highlight the importance of this topic. To quote the preface, "reported research currently notes that prospective studies on children, whose parents have unipolar and/or bipolar affective disorders display a prevalence of depression ranging from 7 to 85%." The aim of this book is to "present current theoretical, clinical, research, and treatment issues that promote an understanding of the effects of parental depression on the developing child." The editor, a child psychiatrist involved in active treatment of children, has assembled some of the leading authors in research on this subject. This 296-page book provides a broad range of subject matter, varying from research data and clinical observations to theoretical discussions. The main theme of the book is that "affective disorders in
The Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies
Authors: Marcia Angell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

The Journal is receiving a growing number of epidemiologic reports of associations between diseases and possible risk factors. The risk factor in question is often a habit or type of behavior, some element of diet or lifestyle that can presumably be changed. The reports are therefore often of great interest to the popular media and the public, as well as to physicians interested in preventive medicine.Why are we seeing so many of these kinds of studies now? One reason is that the major diseases now affecting Americans are chronic, degenerative diseases that probably have several contributing causes, some of . . .
The transcriptional landscape of αβ T cell differentiation
Authors: Michael Mingueneau, Taras Kreslavsky, Daniel Gray, Tracy Heng, Richard Cruse, Jeffrey Ericson, Sean Bendall, Matthew H Spitzer, Garry P Nolan, Koichi Kobayashi, Harald von Boehmer, Diane Mathis, Christophe Benoist
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
The Savage Cell: A Report on Cancer and Cancer Research
Authors: Nancy E. Warner
Journal: JAMA (1965)

The author, a distinguished science reporter and editor, has written this book on cancer and its control primarily for the layman. And the story is a fascinating one, in which a tremendous amount of information has been condensed. Few writers would find it possible to face and undertake the monumental task of attempting to encompass the volume of literature necessary to acquire a broad enough scope. Among the areas the author covers are the incidence of epidemiology of cancer; environmental factors in etiology; the role of hormones, genetic influences, viruses, and immunity in neoplasia; the riddle of leukemia. Mr. McGrady discusses the special problems incident to detection and diagnosis, and the role of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy in management. Throughout the book, and in separate chapters, the theme of prevention and control of cancer receives special attention. The author's suggestions for cancer control by mobilization of major scientific and technical
Is poor pregnancy outcome a risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis?
Authors: T D Spector, A J Silman
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Previous work has suggested that prior poor reproductive outcome may be a risk factor in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A case-control study of 195 women with RA and 462 control women from two different sources is presented here. No increase in rates of spontaneous abortion was seen in the women with RA; indeed a protective effect was seen with an age adjusted odds ratio of 0.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4 to 0.9). A non-significant increase in stillbirth rates was seen in women with RA, producing an age adjusted odds ratio of 1.5 (95% CI 0.7 to 3.4). No differences in rates of induced abortion were seen. Thus although hormonal and gynaecological factors are undoubtedly important in the aetiology of RA, it was not possible to confirm that prior poor reproductive outcome is a risk factor in RA.
The Dental AIDS Cases—Murder or an Unsolvable Mystery?
Authors: John H. Merey
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —I found the interview by Mr Breo1concerning the unsolved dental AIDS cases of David Acer interesting. It seems to me there is one much more plausible and likely scenario. Given that all six cases had identical DNA sequences in the HIV, it seems only reasonable to conclude that Acer was the source. Furthermore, given the fact that no other dental or medical patients have ever been demonstrated to have become infected by routine procedures, it seems again reasonable to presume that this was an intentional act on the part of the dentist.  In the discussion by Breo, only the contaminated blood is discussed. He mentions that blood could have been transmitted or intentionally injected by the dentist to the six patients. Wouldn't a more obvious source and more infective source be semen? Semen could be more easily mixed with lidocaine or substituted for lidocaine to
SKIN ARGINASE ACTIVITY AS A MEASURE OF SKIN CHANGE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF SOME ALKANES AND ALKENES*
Authors: V. K. H. BROWN, VALERIE L. BOX
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1970)

SUMMARY.— Guinea-pig epidermal soluble arginase has been shown to be increased by topical application of some linear and branched alkanes and alkenes and, although the response is related to the carbon chain size, the response does not always quantitatively reflect change in epidermis/dermis ratios. It is suggested that skin arginase activity will provide a measurable index of epidermal change due to non-cyclic aliphatic hydrocarbons.