tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CANCER-LIKE LESIONS OF THE UTERINE CERVIX
Authors: RICHARD W. TeLINDE
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Every year in the Gynecological Pathology Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins Hospital a few histologic lesions of the cervix are encountered which in certain respects suggest carcinoma and which at times evoke differences of opinion among the staff members as to their benign or malignant nature. Judging from the interesting "suspicious" sections sent to the laboratory from other clinics, it is obvious that others are encountering the same difficulties. The easiest course to follow in a case of uncertain histologic diagnosis is to appease one's scientific conscience with the thought that if the lesion is not cancerous it may be "precancerous" and should therefore be removed. As a result of this method of reasoning I have examined several uteri that had been removed unnecessarily and am convinced that hundreds are sacrificed annually which might be saved if pathologists generally were more familiar with the finer nonmalignant changes in the cervix
THE SAFRANIN TEST FOR SUGAR IN THE URINE OF CHILDREN.
Authors: W. S. CHRISTOPHER
Journal: JAMA (1903)

A little over five years ago the writer's attention was directed to the safranin test for sugar in urine by Alfred H. Allen's book on "The Chemistry of Urine." Safranin, which is one of the coal-tar dyes, occurs in commerce as a brownish red powder which forms a blood-red solution with water. The writer has invariably used in his work the preparation made by Grübler. M. Louis Crismer of Liege was the first to advocate the use of safranin as a test for sugar in urine. His method was to heat together 1 c.c. of urine, 5 c.c. of a 0.1 per cent. solution of safranin in water and 1 c.c. of a 10 per cent. caustic soda solution. The decolorization of the safranin occurs if the urine contains sugar. I have been unable to get Crismer's original article, but have found abstracts of it in several places.<sup>1</sup>According to
Women and the Crisis in Sex Hormones
Authors: Natalie Shainess
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Barbara Seaman previously wrote a book entitled<i>The Doctor's Case Against the Pill</i>, which was almost single-handedly responsible for calling the attention of Senator Nelson and his committee on drugs, as well as that of the public, to the dangers of hormone contraceptives for women, as well as to the indifference and perhaps denial of the medical profession generally. Now, in this book coauthored by her husband, a psychiatrist and psychopharmacologist, the subject is extended to a comprehensive examination of the entire contraceptive field. Written with a biting and sardonic humor at times, it is a remarkable piece of investigative reporting, comprehensive enough to serve as a reliable reference work. It considers alternatives to hormonal contraception, including the diaphragm, cervical cap, intrauterine device, foam, current rhythm methods, sterilization, abortion, the condom, vasectomy, and a pill for men. It considers menopause and the use of hormones in relation to it. With
DIAGNOSIS OF PITUITARY DISEASE
Authors: Sigurd W. Johnsen
Journal: JAMA (1926)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —It is true that the literature on the pituitary body is a mass of conflicting opinions and theories. The same is true, however, for many of the other ductless glands. Who will set himself up as the authority to decide what clinical symptoms or syndromes are characteristically associated with pathologic changes in the pituitary body, in early as well as the later stages? Cushing has reported cases which clinically simulate the case which I reported as being due to hypersecretion of the suprarenal bodies. Bailey has reported somewhat similar cases as being due to hypersecretion of the pineal body. Barker has described such cases as being due to hypersecretion of the pituitary body. Edward B. Towne, in speaking of ossification changes before the epiphyseal cartilages are ossified, says: "If ossification is incomplete there is excessive skeletal growth resulting in fairly normally proportioned gigantism primarily of pituitary origin."
The role of antiphospholipid antibodies toward the protein C/protein S system in venous thromboembolic disease
Authors: Valeria Rossetto, Luca Spiezia, Francesca Franz, Laura Salmaso, Laura Visonà Dalla Pozza, Sabrina Gavasso, Paolo Simioni
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2009)

The association between venous thromboembolism (VTE) and antibodies anti-Protein C (PC)/Protein S (PS) is still uncertain. We performed a case-control study to determine the risk of VTE related to the presence of these auto-antibodies considered independently of the presence of lupus anticoagulant (LAC) or anti-cardiolipin antibodies (ACA). One hundred thirty-five patients with idiopathic VTE and 164 healthy subjects were enrolled. Anti-PC and anti-PS antibodies (both IgG and IgM) were assessed using commercially available ELISA kits. Among cases there was a higher prevalence of elevated anti-PC IgM antibodies than in controls (OR 2.44, 95%CI 1.00-5.94). The presence of anti-PC IgG and anti-PS IgG and IgM antibodies was also higher in cases than in controls, but the difference was not statistically significant. Only five patients had both anti-PC or anti-PS antibodies and LAC or ACA. We performed a stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis showing that anti-PC IgM>958 percentile was a significant predictor of VTE after adjustment for LAC or ACA (OR 2.52, 95%CI 1.01-6.24)). Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding.
Ciprofloxacin Eradicates Respiratory Tract Bacteria More Rapidly than Cephalosporins in Patients with Nosocomial Pneumonia†
Authors: Jerome J. Schentag, Alan Forrest, Thomas F. Goss, Aileen Luzier, David E. Nix, Thomas J. Cumbo, Joseph E. Fracasso, Mark F. Sands, John W. Vance
Journal: Drugs (1993)
Intensified Insulin Therapy in the Type I Diabetic Adolescent: A Controlled Trial
Authors: Alicia D Schiffrin, Micheline Desrosiers, Hassan Aleyassine, Mimi M Belmonte
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

The effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), intensified conventional therapy (ICT), and a combination of CSII and ICT (CSII-ICT) on metabolic control were compared in a group of twenty type I diabetic adolescents who had previously failed to respond to twice-daily injections and home glucose monitoring. A marked improvement in control was observed when mean glycemia and glycosylated hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) were compared with conventional therapy (CT). In the course of CSII, a lower HbA1 (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and mean capillary blood glucose (CBG) (P &amp;lt; 0.04) were observed than during ICT and CSII-ICT. Acceptability of CSII was greater that of ICT and CSII-ICT, with 50% of the patients opting for this therapy at the end of the 1-yr trial. The marked improvement of control observed under CSII for the group as a whole was maintained after 6 mo of completion of the study. Thus, it appears that in type I diabetic adolescents CSII is more effective and acceptable than ICT and CSII-ICT.
Islet transplantation in patients with autoimmune diabetes induces homeostatic cytokines that expand autoreactive memory T cells
Authors: Paolo Monti, Miriam Scirpoli, Paola Maffi, Nadia Ghidoli, Francesca De Taddeo, Federico Bertuzzi, Lorenzo Piemonti, Marika Falcone, Antonio Secchi, Ezio Bonifacio
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Successful transplantation requires the prevention of allograft rejection and, in the case of transplantation to treat autoimmune disease, the suppression of autoimmune responses. The standard immunosuppressive treatment regimen given to patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes who have received an islet transplant results in the loss of T cells. In many other situations, the immune system responds to T cell loss through cytokine-dependant homeostatic proliferation of any remaining T cells. Here we show that T cell loss after islet transplantation in patients with autoimmune type 1 diabetes was associated with both increased serum concentrations of IL-7 and IL-15 and in vivo proliferation of memory CD45RO+ T cells, highly enriched in autoreactive glutamic acid decarboxylase 65–specific T cell clones. Immunosuppression with FK506 and rapamycin after transplantation resulted in a chronic homeostatic expansion of T cells, which acquired effector function after immunosuppression was removed. In contrast, the cytostatic drug mycophenolate mofetil efficiently blocked homeostatic T cell expansion. We propose that the increased production of cytokines that induce homeostatic expansion could contribute to recurrent autoimmunity in transplanted patients with autoimmune disease and that therapy that prevents the expansion of autoreactive T cells will improve the outcome of islet transplantation.
Drug company staff fretted when in-house paper's conclusion clashed with marketing claims
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2014)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In December 2019, the first cases of infection with a novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, were diagnosed in Wuhan, China. Due to international travel and human-to-human transmission, the virus spread rapidly inside and outside of China. Currently, there is no effective antiviral treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); therefore, research efforts are focused on the rapid development of vaccines and antiviral drugs. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease constitutes one of the most attractive antiviral drug targets. To address this emerging problem, we have synthesized a combinatorial library of fluorogenic substrates with glutamine in the P1 position. We used it to determine the substrate preferences of the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 main proteases, using natural and a large panel of unnatural amino acids. On the basis of these findings, we designed and synthesized an inhibitor and two activity-based probes, for one of which we determined the crystal structure of its complex with the SARS-CoV-2 M<sup>pro</sup>. Using this approach we visualized SARS-CoV-2 active M<sup>pro</sup> within nasopharyngeal epithelial cells of a patient with active COVID-19 infection. The results of our work provide a structural framework for the design of inhibitors as antiviral agents or diagnostic tests.
A Consumer's Guide to Computerized Arrhythmia Monitoring
Authors: William J. Sanders
Journal: JAMA (1982)

THE IMPORTANCE of arrhythmia monitoring in the care of the cardiac patient is now well established.<sup>1,2,3</sup>The use of computers in arrhythmia monitoring is also well established, with more than 1,000 hospital-based computerized arrhythmia monitoring systems currently in use throughout the world.<sup>4,5</sup>Arrhythmia monitoring can be broadly divided into two distinct types—inpatient and ambulatory. Ambulatory arrhythmia monitoring is typically performed using a portable battery-operated tape recorder that records the patient's ECG during a 24-hour period. The tape recording is later scanned at high speed to detect cardiac arrhythmias for purposes of diagnosis and for documenting the efficacy of therapy with antiarrhythmic drugs. The patient typically is not hospitalized, and the detection and quantitation of arrhythmias are only useful for documentation purposes. The purpose of inpatient arrhythmia monitoring is to detect and document cardiac arrhythmias as they happen so that appropriate treatment can be initiated. Thus, the inpatient arrhythmia
Treatment of the blastic transformation of chronic granulocytic leukemia using high dose BCNU chemotherapy and cryopreserved autologous peripheral blood stem cells
Authors: Daniel D. Karp, Leroy M. Parker, Neil Binder, Ramana Tantravahi, Brian R. Smith, Thomas J. Ervin, George P. Canellos
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Seven nonsplenectomized patients with blastic CGL have received high dose BCNU chemotherapy followed by cryopreserved peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC). The PBSC obtained at diagnosis were stored in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen in 10% dimethyl sulfoxide for 11-46 months prior to use. Patients received 2.9 X 10(8) (1.9-7.8) thawed washed mononuclear cells/kg over 30 minutes with minimal morbidity. One patient was not rendered pancytopenic and died with blastic leukemia at 4 months. One patient, previously treated with daily busulfan, died of progressive hepatic failure 2 months after high dose BCNU. Restoration of the chronic phase of CGL was observed in the remaining five patients. Peripheral blood counts returned to normal ranges after a median of 19 days. Median survival for all patients is 11 months. Cytogenetic studies revealed elimination of acquired aneuploid cell lines in four of seven patients with persistence of Ph1. We conclude that: 1) frozen PBSC retain their viability for up to 4 years after cryopreservation and 2) the use of autologous PBSC following ablative chemotherapy may be associated with both symptomatic and karyotypic improvement in patients with blastic CGL.
An epirubicin–conjugated nanocarrier with MRI function to overcome lethal multidrug-resistant bladder cancer
Authors: Hung-Wei Yang, Mu-Yi Hua, Hao-Li Liu, Rung-Ywan Tsai, See-Tong Pang, Po-Hong Hsu, Hsiang-Jun Tang, Tzu-Chen Yen, Cheng-Keng Chuang
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Obesity and the Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate
Authors: Werner O. Richter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1988Obesity and the Erythrocyte Sedimentation RateWerner O. Richter, MD, Wolfgang Möhrle, MD, Peter Schwandt, MDWerner O. Richter, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Wolfgang Möhrle, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Peter Schwandt, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-109-11-928 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptObesity is included in the differential diagnosis of an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (1, 2). To determine whether obesity by itself can cause an increase in the ESR to abnormal values, we measured the ESRs in otherwise healthy obese persons and compared these rates with those in healthy persons of normal weight.Of the 152 persons screened, 31 obese persons were enrolled in our study. The results of the following studies were normal in all of our obese participants: clinical examination, measurement of serum variables (electrolytes, renal and liver values, electrophoresis, lipoproteins, and hematologic values), oral glucose tolerance test, electrocardiogram,...References1. PasulkaBistrianBlackburn PBG. Obesity and erythrocyte sedimentation rates. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:304. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LeffAkre RS. Obesity and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:143. LinkGoogle Scholar3. . Recommendation of measurements of erythrocyte sedimentation rate in human blood. Am J Clin Pathol. 1977;68:505-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. BottigerSvedberg LC. Normal erythrocyte sedimentation rate and age. Br Med J. 1967;2:85-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SoxLiang HM. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate: guidelines for rational use. Ann Intern Med. 1986;104:515-23. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Werner O. Richter, MD; Wolfgang Möhrle, MD; Peter Schwandt, MDAffiliations: University of Munich D-8000 Munich 70 West Germany PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMarkers of Chronic Inflammation in Overweight and Obese Individuals and the Role of Gender: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Large CohortImpact of Obesity and Adiposity on Inflammatory Markers in Patients With Rheumatoid ArthritisHebben mensen met adipositas een hogere normale waarde van de BSE?De la vitesse de sédimentation au profil inflammatoire 1 December 1988Volume 109, Issue 11Page: 928-929KeywordsElectrocardiographyErythrocyte sedimentation rateHematologic testsLipoproteinsLiverObesityOral glucose tolerance testOverweightSalts ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Thrombosis of the Inferior Vena Cava: with Special Reference to Prognosis
Authors: R. R. Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1921)

INFERIOR VENA CAV,&!MTEDICizBJoiL be due to, or at avy rate largely associated with, avitaminosis.The clinical hiistory of the patient from whom the appendix lhere illustrated wvas taken is typical of that of clhronic appendicitis and suggestive of intestinal stasis.A lady, 50 years of age, was sent to me complaininig of occa- sional right iliac pain, ia-usea, inability to take and digest more than' a few carefully chosen articles of food, together with *_obstinate constipation, varying wyitlh bouts of passing loose uinformed motions.The first attaclk occurred tlhirty years ago, aind for twenty years she had noticed an almost continual grumbling in the right iliac fossa with slowly S E --.* increasing constipation.In 1907-8 she had to resort en- -| i W tirely to aperients and the motionswere always loose.In I1916 chronic appendicitis was diaglnosed but no operation was performed.In 1920 there was a definite attack of actute in- flammation with raised temn- -1 -x E perature.When examined in April, 1921, the patien't, a lady of a i' I \ ....... na tu rally dark complexion, WC --x ......... showed a sallow skin, yellowish ~.. ..
In Vitro– and Ex Vivo–derived Cytolytic Leukocytes from Granzyme A × B Double Knockout Mice Are Defective in Granule-mediated Apoptosis but not Lysis of Target Cells
Authors: Markus M. Simon, Michael Hausmann, Thao Tran, Klaus Ebnet, Jürg Tschopp, Ron ThaHla, Arno Müllbacher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1997)

Granzyme (gzm) A and gzmB have been implicated in Fas-independent nucleolytic and cytolytic processes exerted by cytotoxic T (Tc) cells, but the underlying mechanism(s) remains unclear. In this study, we compare the potential of Tc and natural killer (NK) cells of mice deficient in both gzmA and B (gzmA×B−/−) with those from single knockout mice deficient in gzmA (−/−), gzmB (−/−), or perforin (−/−) to induce nuclear damage and lysis in target cells. With the exception of perforin−/−, all in vitro– and ex vivo–derived Tc and NK cell populations from the mutant strains induced 51Cr-release in target cells at levels and with kinetics similar to those of normal mice. This contrasts with their capacity to induce apoptotic nuclear damage in target cells. In gzmA×B−/− mice, Tc/NK-mediated target cell DNA fragmentation was not observed, even after extended incubation periods (10 h), but was normal in gzmA-deficient and only impaired in gzmB-deficient mice in short-term (2–4 h), but not long-term (4–10 h), nucleolytic assays. This suggests that gzmA and B are critical for Tc/NK granule– mediated nucleolysis, with gzmB being the main contributor, while target cell lysis is due solely to perforin and independent of both proteases.
Pulmonary Autograft Procedure for Aortic Valve Disease
Authors: John C. Chambers, Jane Somerville, Susan Stone, Donald N. Ross
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Pulmonary autograft replacement of the diseased aortic valve has not been widely practiced due to concerns regarding late autograft competence and the consequences of creating pulmonary valve disease. To investigate this, the fate of the pioneering series of patients has been determined.The 131 hospital survivors of the pulmonary autograft operation at the National Heart Hospital from 1967 to 1984 were identified and their outcomes determined to 1994. Age at operation was 11 to 52 years, and 109 patients were male. Autograft implantation was orthotopic subcoronary (107), free-standing root (20), or Dacron mounted (2). In 113 patients, homografts replaced the native pulmonary valve. Ten and 20 years after operation, survival was 85% and 61%, freedom from autograft replacement was 88% and 75%, and freedom from replacement of pulmonary position homografts was 89% and 80%, respectively. Causes of deaths (53) included chronic heart failure (13), complications of reoperation (12), and endocarditis (7). Autograft regurgitation, the most common indication for reoperation, appeared primarily technical in nature, usually due to cusp prolapse. Degeneration was found in only 3 of 30 explanted autografts, and the young patients showed no increase in late valve failure. Homografts outperformed other valve replacements in the pulmonary position, but patients with orthotopic subcoronary and root autografts survived similarly.The pulmonary autograft offers low rates of degeneration, endocarditis, and thromboembolism for a period lasting >20 years, particularly in the young, with reoperation mainly required for malpositioning of the autograft cusps. The capacity of the autograft to maintain viability with minimal degeneration is not matched by any other biological valve replacement.
Institute recommends a global health corps for AIDS
Authors: Bob Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The United States should create a global health service corps as a crucial component of the president's emergency plan for AIDS relief. The corps would address the needs of personnel tackling the AIDS crisis in the worst affected countries.

The emergency plan that President Bush announced in January 2003 commits the US to spending $15bn (£7.9bn; €11.6bn) over five years in 15 countries that are thought to carry more than half of the global burden of HIV and AIDS ( BMJ …
The L6 Protein TM4SF1 Is Critical for Endothelial Cell Function and Tumor Angiogenesis
Authors: Shou-Ching Shih, Andrew Zukauskas, Dan Li, Guanmei Liu, Lay-Hong Ang, Janice A. Nagy, Lawrence F. Brown, Harold F. Dvorak
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Transmembrane-4-L-six-family-1 (TM4SF1) was originally described as a cancer cell protein. Here, we show that it is highly expressed in the vascular endothelium of human cancers and in a banded pattern in the filopodia of cultured endothelial cells (EC). TM4SF1 knockdown prevented filopodia formation, inhibited cell mobility, blocked cytokinesis, and rendered EC senescent. Integrin-alpha5 and integrin-beta1 subunits gave a similar staining pattern and interacted constitutively with TM4SF1, whereas integrin subunits often associated with angiogenesis (alphaV, beta3, beta5) interacted with TM4SF1 only after vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A or thrombin stimulation. TM4SF1 knockdown substantially inhibited maturation of VEGF-A(164)-induced angiogenesis. Thus, TM4SF1 is a key regulator of EC function in vitro and of pathologic angiogenesis in vivo and is potentially an attractive target for antiangiogenesis therapy.
Photoscanning of Parathyroid Adenomas.
Authors: Walter DiGiulio
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

s1 November 1965Photoscanning of Parathyroid Adenomas.Walter DiGiulio, M.D., William H. Beierwaltes, M.D.Walter DiGiulio, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, William H. Beierwaltes, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-5-908_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn a previous publication we presented our preliminary results with attempts at photoscanning parathyroid adenomas using75Se-methionine. We have now performed over 30 photoscans on eight patients with a clinical diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism. Neck explorations have been performed on six of these patients and the clinical diagnosis was confirmed. The parathyroid scans were negative in five of the eight patients studied. Of the three patients in whom scans were read as positive, one patient had a small parathyroid adenoma in a position not corresponding to the scan picture. The two correctly positive scans were performed on patients whose parathyroid... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1965Volume 63, Issue 5Page: 908-909KeywordsHyperparathyroidismParathyroidParathyroid tumors Issue Published: 1 November 1965 PDF DownloadLoading ...