tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Development, Morphology, and Progression of Mammary Tumors During and After Fertile Life in BALB/cfRIII Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: F Squartini, M Bistocchi, L Buongiorno
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Journal Article Development, Morphology, and Progression of Mammary Tumors During and After Fertile Life in BALB/cfRIII Mice Get access Francesco Squartini, Francesco Squartini Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maria Bistocchi, Maria Bistocchi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Luciano Buongiorno Luciano Buongiorno Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 66, Issue 2, February 1981, Pages 311–319, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/66.2.311 Published: 01 February 1981 Article history Received: 28 February 1980 Accepted: 02 August 1980 Published: 01 February 1981
Intensive Combination Chemotherapy and X-Irradiation in Hodgkin's Disease
Authors: Vincent T. DeVita, Elizabeth DeVita-Raeburn, John H. Moxley
Journal: Cancer Research (2016)

Summary  A pilot study was begun in 1963 to test the feasibility of using in the treatment of Hodgkin9s disease a combination of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, and prednisone in full doses followed by radiotherapy where indicated. It was found that this form of therapy could be used without a prohibitive cost in toxicity. It appears that the incidence of complete remissions can be increased over that obtained with a single agent. Radiotherapy was tolerated after intensive chemotherapy, and further intensive chemotherapy was possible following high dose but limited field radiation. As expected, toxicity was increased when both modalities of therapy were employed.  The duration of complete unmaintained remission in those patients with advanced disease is provocative even though the group is small. It is our feeling that these results invite further investigation of the use of effective agents in combination.
Correlation of dyspnea and physiological impairment in COPD exacerbation
Authors: Tijana Cvok, Branislava Milenkovic, Predrag Rebic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Dyspnea is a primary symptom of COPD. The Medical Research Council (MRC) scale, Baseline Dyspnea Index (BDI), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Borg scale are widely used for evaluation of limitation of activities due to dyspnea in patients with COPD. There is limited information on how these scales relate with parameters of physiological impairment.  To aim of the prospective study was to analyze the correlation between MRC, BDI, VAS and Borg dyspnea scales and multiple measures of physiological impairments in COPD exacerbation.  Forty five patients (age 62.7±9.9) with COPD exacerbation (GOLD stages III and mostly IV) were analyzed at admission to the hospital. Physiological impairments were assessed by spirometry (FVC, FEV1), body pletismography (TLC, RV, FRC, IC), respiratory muscle strength (PImax), arterial blood gas analysis (ABG) and 6-min walking distance (6MWD).  The correlation between MRC scale and FEV1 is r= -0.427 (p  In our study all dyspnea scales have correlated with FEV1 and PImax. According to our results it could be concluded that Borg scale is a good tool for assesing dyspnea during exercize and the therapeutic response in COPD exacerbation.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Carotid Vessel Wall Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease Patients
Authors: Jan Bucerius, Raphaël Duivenvoorden, Venkatesh Mani, Colin Moncrieff, James H.F. Rudd, Claudia Calcagno, Josef Machac, Valentin Fuster, Michael E. Farkouh, Zahi A. Fayad
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2011)
Information-processing deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenia
Authors: W Perry, D L Braff
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The goal of this investigation was to study the relationship between information-processing deficits and thought disorder in schizophrenic patients.Fifty-two subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia were administered tests of information processing and thought disorder. The information-processing tests included visual backward masking and prepulse inhibition of the startle reflex. Thought disorder was measured with the Magical Ideation Scale, the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms, the alogia subscale of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms, and the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable and its subcomponents derived from the Rorschach.Elevated poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable were significantly correlated with information-processing deficits. In a simultaneous multiple regression, the auditory prepulse inhibition measure was the best predictor of poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable.The results suggest a correlative relationship between information-processing deficits and thought disorder. The relationship is most apparent when highly sensitive measures of both information processing and thought disorder are used. Furthermore, the prediction of poor responses on the Ego Impairment Index-human experience variable by auditory prepulse inhibition is important, since the neural circuitry of prepulse inhibition is known and involves the modulatory influences of the cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that information-processing failures are associated with cognitive fragmentation and thought disorder. More speculatively, these results allow us to hypothesize that impairments in part of the cortical-striatal-pallidal-thalamic circuit may lead to thought disorder, as well as prepulse inhibition deficits.
MicroRNAs as potential predictive biomarkers: Expression profiles of 470 microRNAs in 400 human cancer cell lines
Authors: Yan Degenhardt, Junping Jing, Xiping Zhang, Barbara Weber, Richard Wooster
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

A37   MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs, which directly down-regulate expression of protein-coding genes at the post-transcription level. They are emerging as key players in tumor development and progression. The clinical development of new therapeutic agents can be accelerated by identifying patients more likely to respond through the use of predictive biomarkers. We have been using cancer cell lines as a model system to identify predictive biomarkers. This will allow the use of the predictors, if appropriate, in the early clinical studies. We have assembled a panel of ~400 human cancer cell lines of various tumor types for predictive biomarker discovery. The more we understand the genetic characteristics of these cell lines, the more likely we will be able to successfully translate our findings from these preclinical models into clinical applications. These cell lines have been analyzed for their response to investigational anti-tumor compounds. Previously we have characterized these cell lines by generating base line mRNA expression profiles by expression microarray, DNA copy number changes by aCGH or SNP array, and mutational status of key genes (TP53, BRAF, PTEN etc) by DNA sequence analysis. To add to these datasets, we have recently completed the base line expression profiling of 470 miRNAs in these cell lines using miRNA expression array. In the first instance we set out to investigate the properties of the miRNA profiles. These miRNA profiles were able to distinguish cell line origins, for example; cell lines derived from NSCLC have different profiles than those from SCLC and cell lines from AML and CML have high levels of miR223, a miRNA reported to be specifically expressed in myeloid cells. Interestingly the cell line BDCM and CESS lack expression of miR223 which provides more evidence to support other observations that they were not derived from myeloid cells, even though they originated from AML patients. The miRNA profiles of cell lines also reflect gene mutational status. For instance, the majority of p53 mutant cell lines display diminished expression of miR34a, compared with p53 wild type cell lines. We are currently exploring miRNA expression signatures which can differentiate cell lines sensitive or resistance to our investigational compounds. An integrative analysis of these miRNA profiles along with other genetic information may offer the best promise to discover predictive and prognostic biomarkers to aid clinical development of cancer therapies.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent Versus a Similar Bare-Metal Stent in Saphenous Vein Graft Lesions
Authors: Emmanouil S. Brilakis, Christopher Lichtenwalter, James A. de Lemos, Michele Roesle, Owen Obel, Donald Haagen, Bilal Saeed, Chiranjeevi Gadiparthi, Joseph K. Bissett, Rajesh Sachdeva, Vassilios V. Voudris, Panagiotis Karyofillis, Biswajit Kar, James Rossen, Panayotis Fasseas, Peter Berger, Subhash Banerjee
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Peculiarities of intracardiac hemodynamics in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: E.B. Klester, L.A. Plinokosova, Ya.N. Shoichet, K.V. Klester, O.A. Ivanov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective: To evaluate systolic and diastolic function of the LV and RV myocardium, pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with COPD.

Material and methods: The study involved 211 patients with mild and moderate COPD in remission who were in the 70-bed capacity therapeutic department in hospital No. 4 for the period 2012-2013 years. Among the surveyed were 147 men and 64 women aged 60 to 90 years. COPD is diagnosed in accordance to recommendations GOLD (2011), the duration of COPD is 21,8 ± 5,3 years.

Results: All patients with COPD were revealed disturbances as a of RV diastolic dysfunction (E / A TV= 0,95 ± 0,13) and LV (E / A MV = 1,01 ± 0,22), which confirms the presence of heart failure. A clear trend towards worsening of RV dysfunction was traced in patients with moderate severity of COPD. This was manifested by appearance in these groups patients with restrictive type of transtricuspid flow. RV hypertrophy has evolved with moderate COPD (RV wall thickness= 5,21 ± 1,01 mm, (E / A TV = 0,91 ± 0,21), with the progression of diastolic dysfunction (E / A MV = 0,94 ± 0.17). Pulmonary hypertension in patients with COPD is medium, with mild COPD MPAP was 20,34 ± 2,45 mmHg, with moderate - 22,21 ± 1,67 mm Hg. LVMI and left ventricular mass were significantly higher in moderate severity on 14.65% (p <0.01). The average value dimensions at LA with mild severity - 40,7 ± 0,89 mm, with moderate - 41,4 ± 2, 63 mm.

Thus, in COPD patients even at mild degree diastolic LV and RV dysfunction, low pulmonary hypertension develops. Further progression of hemodynamic disturbances depends on the degree of reduction of respiratory function.
Volumetric capnography (VC) as a complementary tool in lung function evaluation in obese children and adolescents
Authors: Mariana Ferreira, Roberto Mendes, Maria Ângela Ribeiro, Mariana Zambon, José Dirceu Ribeiro
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Effects of obesity on lung function are not clear in children and adolescents.  Aim: To compare the lung function in an obese group(OG) versus a control group of healthy subjects(HG) using Spirometry and VC.  Methods: Cross-sectional study including 77subjects(38OG and 39HG) aged between 5.56 and 16.34 years. The subjects performed Spirometry(ERS/ATS) and VC.  Results: OG had a significantly higher forced vital capacity(FVC)(p=0.03), lower Tiffenau rate(p=0.00) and lower forced expiratory flow 25%-75%(FEF25-75)(p=0.00). About 36.80% of the OG showed flow obstruction. There were no differences between the groups on forced expiratory volume in 1 second(FEV1). The VC data showing significant differences between OG and HG are shown on table 1.  Conclusions: Spirometry and VC detected differences between the groups. The OG reduction in FEF25-75 reflects an obstruction by the flows. Higher values of FVC and pulmonary volumes may represent an adaptation to the increased ventilatory demand due to excessive body mass and airway obstruction. The reduction in Slp3/Ve indicates that despite the damages mentioned, there are no changes in ventilation homogeneity. More studies are required to confirm the results.
Toxicity Attribution in Phase I Trials: Evaluating the Effect of Dose on the Frequency of Related and Unrelated Toxicities
Authors: Anne Eaton, Alexia Iasonos, Mrinal M. Gounder, Erika G. Pamer, Alexander Drilon, Diana Vulih, Gary L. Smith, S. Percy Ivy, David R. Spriggs, David M. Hyman
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: Phase I studies rely on investigators to accurately attribute adverse events as related or unrelated to study drug. This information is ultimately used to help establish a safe dose. Attribution in the phase I setting has not been widely studied and assessing the accuracy of attribution is complicated by the lack of a gold standard. We examined dose–toxicity relationships as a function of attribution and toxicity category to evaluate for evidence of toxicity misattribution. Experimental Design: Individual patient records from 38 phase I studies activated between 2000 and 2010 were used. Dose was defined as a percentage of maximum dose administered on each study. Relationships between dose and patient-level toxicity were explored graphically and with logistic regression. All P values were two-sided. Results: 11,909 toxicities from 1,156 patients were analyzed. Unrelated toxicity was not associated with dose (P = 0.0920 for grade ≥3, P = 0.4194 for grade ≥1), whereas related toxicity increased with dose (P &amp;lt; 0.0001, both grade ≥3 and ≥1). Similar results were observed across toxicity categories. In the five-tier system, toxicities attributed as “possibly,” “probably,” or “definitely” related were associated with dose (all P &amp;lt; 0.0001), whereas toxicities attributed as “unlikely” or “unrelated” were not (all P &amp;gt; 0.1). Conclusions: Reassuringly, we did not observe an association between unrelated toxicity rate and dose, an association that could only have been explained by physician misattribution. Our findings also confirmed our expectation that related toxicity rate increases with dose. Our analysis supports simplifying attribution to a two-tier system by collapsing “possibly,” “probably,” and “definitely” related. Clin Cancer Res; 22(3); 553–9. ©2015 AACR. See related commentary by Sharma and Ratain, p. 527
Plague outbreak in the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Authors: A Tarantola, T Mollet, J Gueguen, P Barboza, E Bertherat
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

Plague is circulating regularly in localised areas worldwide, causing sporadic cases outside Africa and remains endemic or causes limited outbreaks in some African countries. Furthermore, some notable outbreaks have been reported in Asia in the last 20 years. A limited outbreak with five cases has recently been notified by the health authorities of the Libyan Arab Jamahiriya.
Modern research criteria and the genetics of schizophrenia
Authors: M Baron, R Gruen, J Kane, L Asnis
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors assessed the relevance of narrowly defined diagnostic criteria to genetic research in schizophrenia in the nuclear families of 84 chronic schizophrenic probands compared with families of 90 normal control probands. The morbidity risk for narrowly defined schizophrenia in first-degree relatives of patients with the narrow diagnosis was significantly higher than the control rate (3.8% versus 0.3%). The rate of chronic schizophrenia in the relatives of all schizophrenic patients was also significantly higher than the control rate (7.1% versus 0.6%), as was the rate of "spectrum" disorders (33.4% versus 11.3%). The data support the case for familial transmission of narrowly defined schizophrenia.
Bioactive Electrospun Fibers of Poly(glycerol sebacate) and Poly(ε‐caprolactone) for Cardiac Patch Application
Authors: Ranjana Rai, Marwa Tallawi, Caterina Frati, Angela Falco, Andrea Gervasi, Federico Quaini, Judith A. Roether, Tobias Hochburger, Dirk W. Schubert, Lothar Seik, Niccoletta Barbani, Luigi Lazzeri, Elisabetta Rosellini, Aldo R. Boccaccini
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Scaffolds for cardiac patch application must meet stringent requirements such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and facilitate vascularization in the engineered tissue. Here, a bioactive, biocompatible, and biodegradable electrospun scaffold of poly(glycerol sebacate)–poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PGS–PCL) is proposed as a potential scaffold for cardiac patch application. The fibers are smooth bead free with average diameter = 0.8 ± 0.3 μm, mean pore size = 2.2 ± 1.2 μm, porosity = 62 ± 4%, and permeability higher than that of control biological tissue. For the first time, bioactive PGS–PCL fibers functionalized with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are developed, the approach used being chemical modification of the PGS–PCL fibers followed by subsequent binding of VEGF via amide bonding. The approach results in uniform immobilization of VEGF on the fibers; the concentrations are 1.0 μg cm −2 for the PGS–PCL (H) and 0.60 μg cm −2 for the PGS–PCL (L) samples. The bioactive scaffold supports the attachment and growth of seeded myogenic and vasculogenic cell lines. In fact, rat aortic endothelial cells also display angiogenic features indicating potential for the formation of vascular tree in the scaffold. These results therefore demonstrate the prospects of VEGF‐functionalized PGS–PCL fibrous scaffold as promising matrix for cardiac patch application.
Hungarian doctor charged with running baby selling scheme
Authors: Carl Kovac
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Hungarian gynaecologist Endre Czeizel appeared in a Budapest court last week charged with running a transatlantic scheme to sell babies. If found guilty, he could face five to 10 years in prison.

According to the Chief Prosecutor's Office in Budapest, Dr Czeizel is accused of violating Hungary's Family Act by encouraging pregnant women, most of them impoverished and from the countryside, to …
Sir Francis Avery Jones Arthur Milton Bowler Arthur Moreland Brown Richard Morris Butler Alistair Hugh Cameron Peter Bruno D'Souza James William Fawcett Lionel Travers ("Leo") Martin Elspeth Marguerita Whittaker Stokes Verna Wright Philip Metcalfe Yeoman
Authors: J H Baron, J. M Bowler, G. M Brown, W M Dixon, R H R White, J R Mann, D. D'Souza, I. Francis, J. Edelman, D. Woodgate, H P L Martin, D Stokes, M A. Chamberlain, D. Dunkerley
Journal: BMJ (1998)
Endoscopic narrow-band imaging-quantitative assessment of airway vascularity of sarcoidosis
Authors: Koumei Yanase, Yasushi Ohno, Fumihiko Kamiya, Junki Endo, Fumitaka Ito, Norihiko Funaguchi, Hirotoshi Iihara, Shinya Minatoguchi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction or background:   Various changes of subepithelial vessels of the bronchial mucosa occur in some respiratory diseases. NBI is a new technology that improves the image contrast of the surface structure by adjusting the spectrum feature regarding the wavelength dependency of the light penetration depth into the tissue and the hemoglobin absorption. We have observed in sarcoidosis patients of subepithelial vessels using a narrow-band imaging of bronchofiberscope.   Aims and objectives:   It was our aim to investigate the ability of narrow-band imaging in combination with computerized image analysis to quantitatively assess airway vascularity in sarcoidosis patients.   Methods:   In consecutive sarcoidosis patients, the routine procedures, optical analysis of the main carina and the upper lobe carina were performed. From every site, five representative pictures were chosen.   Results:   A total of 16 sarcoidosis patients were analyzed. Increased numbers of vessels were found and these vessels were also observed in areas of cartilage. Angiogenesis or mucosal thickening was observed.   Conclusion:   High magnification view with NBI revealed a clear fine subepithelial microvessel network that could be seen hardly with the ordinary filter. This combination seemed to be useful for study of the relationship of subepithelial vessels and pathogenesis of sarcoidosis.
CT-guided transthoracic breast lesion location wire implantation for small nonpalpable pulmonary nodules
Authors: Bart Ilsen, Frederik Vandenbroucke, Johan de Mey
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Purpose:  To evaluate the technique, safety and diagnostic reliability of transthoracic wire implantation for nonpalpable and invisible small pulmonary nodules (SPN) prior to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).   Methods:  From April 2009 till January 2011, 17 patients underwent 18 VATS resections after insertion of a “breast lesion localization wire” (7,7 or 10,7cm needle length and 20-gauche size) into a SPN. The wire was placed using a CT fluoroscopy procedure.  The patients were assessed with respect to localization and puncture of the lesion, duration and complication rate of the procedure, conversion thoracotomy rate during VATS and pathologic results.   Results:  Preoperative CT-guided wire implantation succeeded in all patients. The average CT-guided procedure time was 12 min (range 8-15 min) and no complication was noted. There was no conversion to thoracotomy needed in any patient. Histological assessment revealed metastases in 11 patients, non-small-cell lung cancer in 4 patients, interstitial fibrosis in 2 patients and a sarcoid nodule in 1 patient.   Conclusions:  Percutaneous CT-fluoroscopy guided wire placement is a useful and safe technique for localizing nonpalpaple pulmonary nodules during VATS resection.
Sputum YKL-40 is a potential biomarker of COPD-asthma overlap
Authors: Jing Gao, Tarja Laitinent, Hiroshi Iwamato, Witold Mazur, Ville Pulkkinen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction : The clinical features and pathophysiology of COPD-asthma overlap remain poorly characterized. We have developed two panels of potential biomarkers for COPD-asthma overlap phenotype: neutrophil-derived biomarkers of COPD (Iwamoto H, etc. ERJ, 2013) and asthma markers of T helper 2 (Th2) type -driven inflammation (the chitinase-like protein YKL-40 and periostin).   Aims : Our aim was to clarify the similarity and differences between asthma, COPD and their overlap, and to identify reliable, specific and sensitive biomarkers for the COPD-asthma overlap.   Methods : Based on their medical history and self-reported questionnaire data, the 132 study subjects were categorized into 5 groups: non-smokers (n=24), smokers (n=23), asthma (n=32), COPD (n=39), and COPD-asthma overlap patients (n=14). Plasma and/ or sputum levels of YKL-40 and periostin were measured by EIA/ELISA.   Results : Plasma periostin and sputum YKL-40 levels were significantly elevated in overlap compared with asthma patients. However, only sputum YKL-40 could differentiate patients with overlap from COPD (p=0.01, AUC=0.766) and asthma (p= 0.003, AUC=0.820). Sputum YKL-40 was significantly associated with neutrophil levels, eosinophil levels, ICS use%, and further independently (multivariate stepwise regression) with reduced lung function.   Conclusion : Elevated levels of sputum YKL-40 indicate that amplified Th2-type driven airway inflammation could be an additional feature of COPD-asthma overlap. Sputum YKL-40 associates with obstructive disease severity, FEV 1  and FEV 1 /FVC. The data suggest that monitoring of sputum YKL-40 could be useful in clinical practice for identifying COPD-asthma overlap.