tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The EDD (exercise, DLco, dyspnea) index in diffuse systemic sclerosis with pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Shahrzad Mohammadzadeh Lari, Davood Attaran, Jaleh Shariati, Pouya Nazari, Hassan Ghobadi Marallu, Saeid Akhlaghi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction : Pulmonary fibrosis secondary to systemic sclerosis (SSc) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of important lung function parameters with chest high resolution CT scan (HRCT).

Methods and materials : Thirty–two consecutive diffuse SSc patients (according to the criteria of american college of rheumatology) with pulmonary involvement were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis secondary to other reasons, previous restrictive lung disease, and history of smoking were excluded. Complete lung function evaluation was performed. Also the severity of dyspnea was evaluated by Modified Medical Research Council (MMRC) scale.EDD index was calculated based on 6MWT, DLco, and MMRC.

View this table:

The EDD index in scleroderma lung fibrosis





The chest HRCT was performed and the Warrick score recorded in all patients.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 39.18 years ±9.39 (SD).Seventeen (53%) of patients were in EDD stage 1 (score: 0≤score≤3), 9 patients (28%) in stage 2 (3<score ≤6), and 6patients (19%) in stage 3(6<score≤9). The mean Warrick score was 10.84±6.94(SD).There was statistically significant correlation between EDD index and Warrick score (p=0.001, r=0.72).Also there was statistically significant relation in EDD stages with Warrick scores (p=0.002).

Conclusion: The EDD as a useful lung function index is completely related to chest HRCT findings in SSc pulmonary fibrosis and can be used in clinical practice.
Asthma and exposure to quaternary ammonium compounds in healthcare settings
Authors: Maria Gonzalez, Marie-Christine Kopfferschmitt, Carole Donnay, Guy Hedelin, Michel Velten, Alain Cantineau, Frederic de Blay
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

An increased incidence of asthma was reported among professionals working in healthcare settings. However the role of the quaternary ammonium compounds (QUATS) is not yet clear in the induction or aggravation of these symptoms.

Aim: To analyze, among health care settings professionals, the influence of QUATS and irritants exposure on the occurrence of respiratory symptoms including asthma.

Methodology: All workers with more than 6 months of seniority working in 7 healthcare facilities were requested. The survey included a self-administered questionnaire, physical examination, spirometry and blood sample. Occupational exposure assessment was made by expert judgment and workplace studies.

Results: 543 workers participated. QUATS occupational exposure was specified for 444 workers: 335 exposed and 109 non exposed. The QUATS exposed workers were 50% nurses, 22% auxiliary nurses, 19% cleaners. The frequency of all variables defining asthma was significantly higher among the QUATS exposed workers: 18.3% vs 5.5% for ever asthma, 14.4% vs 2.7% for asthma confirmed by a physician, 6.7% vs 1. 8% for asthma in the last 12 months, 7.9% vs 1.8% for new onset asthma after entry into healthcare profession. In multiple analysis, after adjustment 2 variables, atopy and quats exposure were associated with physician diagnosed asthma (RR=5.5 [2.7-10.9] p<10-3) and 4.2 [1.3-13.6] p < 0.01, respectively. The same factors were found for rhinitis. Disinfection of surfaces was significantly associated with asthma RR=5.8 (1.7-19.3).

Conclusion: QUATS exposure increased the risk of asthma, the high-risk tasks being the disinfection of surfaces, the preparation of soaking solutions, the dilution of products and the use of sprays.
Immunity and Asparaginase Suppression of Tumor Growth 2
Authors: Wayne L. Ryan, Gary L. Curtis
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

L-Asparaginase (Escherichia coli) was least effective in producing tumor (6C3HED and L5178Y) regression when it was injected at the same time as the tumor cells. The degree of tumor inhibition was increased by delaying the administration of asparaginase. Complete regression and cures were obtained with the more asparaginase-resistant L5178Y tumor by postponing asparaginase treatment For 9 days. Immunity or resistance to a second inoculation of tumor also increased as a result of delaying the asparaginase administration. The increased response to deFerred asparaginase treatment was not seen if the mice were immunosuppressed with ALS or γ-irradiation. Complete regressions with asparaginase in immunosuppressed animals were rare, which suggests that immunity is necessary For the cures observed with asparaginase-susceptible tumor.
The bronchitic phenotype is associated with frequent exacerbations in COPD irrespective of chronic bacterial airway infection
Authors: Daiana Stolz, Wim Boersma, Francesco Blasi, Renaud Louis, Joachim Aerts, Tobias Welte, Alicia Lacoma, Kostantinos Kostikas, Branislava Milenkovic, Alicia Marin, Janko Rakic, Lucas Boeck, Paola Castellotti, Gernot G.U. Rohde, Antoni Torres, Sabine Hertel, Sven Giersdorf, Michael Tamm
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND  Despite its therapeutic relevance, the relationship between chronic sputum production (SP) and airway bacterial infection in COPD remains poorly defined. We hypothesize that the risk of future events differs between patients with and without chronic bacterial infection within those categorized as bronchitic phenotype in stable COPD   METHODS  We prospectively evaluated 638 patients with stable COPD for ≥ 6 weeks, > 10 PY and GOLD II-IV seeking care in pulmonary tertiary hospitals in 8 European countries and included in the PROMISE cohort. SP and microbiology were assessed at baseline and each semi-annual visit for a median observation time of 24 months   RESULTS  At baseline, spontaneuous sputum samples were obtained in 241 (65.0%) of the 371 patients reporting chronic bronchitis. Potentially pathogenic bacteria were isolated in 54 (30.7%) and ruled out in 122 cases with representative sputum specimens. The annual deterioration of dyspnea scores and lung function, health-related QoL, peripheral oxygenation and exercise capacity were similar in patients with and without chronic bacterial airway infection. Conversely, patients with SP presented higher annual exacerbation rates, irrespective of the presence or absence of chronic bacterial airway infection. In the multivariable regression analysis, SP with positive (OR 2.39, p=0.004) and negative (OR 1.58, p=0.032) microbiology, and FEV1% pred (OR 0.99, p=0.0093) but not age adjusted Charlson score (OR 0.92, p=0.091) remained independently associated with frequent exacerbations (≥2/year)   CONCLUSION  Spontaneous SP is associated with higher exacerbation rates independently of chronic bacterial airway infection.
Outcomes of bronchial artery embolisation in the management of clinically significant hemoptysis
Authors: Young Min Lee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objectives: Bronchial artery embolisation(BAE) has been established as an effective technique in the emergency treatment of massive hemoptysis. Aim of the study has been to evaluate immediate and long-term outcomes of BAE and to identify factors influencing outcomes. Methods : A retrospective analysis was carried out of the medical records and angiograms of 120 patients who underwent BAE between January 2005 and December 2009. 79 patients were men and the mean age was 54.5 years. Results: The patients were divided 3 groups including recurrent hemoptysis ( 400ml/day: n=24). The common underlying diseases of hemoptysis were pulmonary tuberculosis and related disorders (51%), bronchiectasis (21%) and aspergilloma (13%). Immediate success rate to control bleeding within 24 hours was 89% (106 cases), long-term success in 62.5%(75cases) and recurrence rate was 26% (31cases). Five patients died from massive hemoptysis. Among initial radiographic findings, pleural lesions (P
Abstract 4218: Usefulness of 64-Row Multi-Detector Computed Tomography for the Evaluation of Patients with Variant Angina
Authors: Kyohei Yamaji, Takeshi Arita, Yoshimitsu Soga, Shinichi Shirai, Kenji Ando, Koyu Sakai, Masashi Iwabuchi, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Hitoshi Yasumoto, Hideyuki Nosaka, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Invasive coronary angiography is useful in patients with suspected variant angina to document an episode of coronary artery spasm with provocative test. Previous studies have demonstrated that atherosclerosis is present at the sites of vasospasm. The aim of this study was to clarify the relation between 64-row Multi-detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) findings of coronary artery and vasospasm. A total of 58 patients with suspected variant angina (32 females and 26 males, aged 49 to 87 years, mean 65 ± 9 years) who have no evidence of luminal narrowing in major coronary artery with MDCT and underwent ergonovine test to detect the presence of coronary artery spasm were enrolled in this study. Two patients were excluded because of poor images of MDCT. The criteria of positive ergonovine test was total occlusion or localized occlusive spasm associated with chest pain and ST segment elevation after administration of ergonovine into the left coronary artery. The existence of plaques and calcifications in major coronary artery were evaluated with MDCT. 23 of 56 (41.1%) patients were positive with ergonovine test. 9 of 23 (39.1%) were total occlusion and 14 of 23 (60.9%) were localized spasm. Using MDCT, atherosclerotic lesions were observed at all coronary spasm sites. Among the 33 patients with negative ergonovine test, 7 (21.2%) had no plaques in the coronary artery. Presence of plaques was significant factor for positive ergonovine provocation test (p = 0.03). Patients with positive ergonovine test had coronary artery plaques at the site of coronary spasm sites. Absence of coronary artery plaques with MDCT could rule out variant angina. Correlation between ergonovine provocation test and MDCT findings
Health Care in The People's Republic of China. A Bibliography with Abstracts.
Authors: Shahid Akhtar
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1975)

Health care in the People's Republic of China: a bibliography with abstracts , Health care in the People's Republic of China: a bibliography with abstracts , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
The Contribution of Hughlings Jackson to an Understanding of Dissociation
Authors: Russell Meares
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

The author provides a preliminary framework for a systematic and dynamic understanding of dissociation through a consideration of the theories of Hughlings Jackson. Jackson's ideas are briefly reviewed. He saw the proper scientific investigation of mental illness as an experimental investigation of mind. Accordingly, his argument begins with this fundamental concept. His views of the brain-mind relationship and of mind, or self, resemble modern conceptions. He viewed the self as double and focused on those disruptions of the self system which he called the "dreamy state." This state involves an "uncoupling" of normal consciousness, resulting in the loss of the most recently developed forms of memory and of the stream of consciousness. Dissociation is seen here as analogous to the dreamy state. Jacksonian theory predicts the main features of dissociation, i.e., constriction of consciousness, a particular form of amnesia, disaggregation of perceptual phenomena, depersonalization, derealization, and hallucinosis. It leads to the view that dissociation can be seen, in essence, as an uncoupling of consciousness.
Farming and Mortality From Multiple Myeloma: A Case-Control Study With the Use of Death Certificates
Authors: K P Cantor, A Blair
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1984)

A case-control study of multiple myeloma among males was conducted with the use of digitized mortality listings for 1968-76 from the State of Wisconsin. Age, year of death, race, county of usual residence, marital status, and usual occupation were available for the 411 male deaths due to multiple myeloma and for a matched series of deaths due to other causes. Farmers were at an elevated risk compared to nonfarmers [odds ratio (OR) = 1.4], with decedents 65 years of age or older having a stronger association (OR = 1.5) than younger farmers (OR = 1.1). County levels of selected agricultural characteristics were used as surrogate measures of exposure. Significantly elevated OR were observed for farmers residing in counties high in chicken inventory (OR = 1.6), fertilizer use (OR = 1.7), and acres treated with insecticides (OR = 1.9). Further investigation of multiple myeloma among farmers is warranted.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections and risk factors in Turkey: a fieldwork TURHEP study
Authors: N. Tozun, O. Ozdogan, Y. Cakaloglu, R. Idilman, Z. Karasu, U. Akarca, S. Kaymakoglu, O. Ergonul
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)

The present study was designed to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus (HBV, HCV) infections and risk factors in the Turkish general population. Participants were enrolled from urban and rural areas of the predetermined 23 EUROSTAT NUTS 2 region. A two-stage stratified sampling method was used to select participants from these regions (n = 5460; 50.9% females; mean (SD) age: 40.8 (14.7) years). Sociodemographics, clinical characteristics and risk factors were recorded at home visits. The seropositivity rates for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti-HCV, anti-HBs and anti-HBc total were 4.0%, 1.0%, 31.9% and 30.6%, respectively. Among HBsAg-positive cases, 94.5% were anti-HBe-positive, 70.2% were HBV-DNA-positive and 2.8% were anti-HDV total positive; 99.1% of HBV infections were of genotype D. Close contact with a hepatitis patient (OR 3.24; 95% CI 2.25-4.66; p < 0.001), living in the southeastern region (OR 2.74; 95% CI 1.7-4.45; p < 0.001), male gender (OR 1.77; 95% CI 1.28-2.46; p < 0.001), being married (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.02-2.57; p 0.038), educational level less than high school (OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.04-2.26; p 0.03), orodental interventions (OR 1.54; 95% CI 1.01-2.35; p 0.047) and a history of non-disposable syringe use (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.01-1.96; p 0.045) were significant determinants of HBsAg positivity. Age ≥50 years (OR 2; 95% CI 1.09-4.3; p 0.026) was the only significant predictor of anti-HCV positivity. In conclusion, our findings revealed an HBsAg positivity in 4% and anti-HCV positivity in 1% of the adult population and at least one-third of the population has been exposed to HBV infection in Turkey.
Effects of Esomeprazole 40 mg Twice Daily on Asthma
Authors: Toni O. Kiljander, Susan M. Harding, Stephen K. Field, Mark R. Stein, Harold S. Nelson, Jan Ekelund, Marta Illueca, Ola Beckman, Mark B. Sostek
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Rationale: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is common in patients with asthma, suggesting an interaction between the two conditions.Objectives: To assess the effect of gastric acid suppression with the proton pump inhibitor esomeprazole on asthma outcomes in subjects with persistent moderate to severe asthma treated with antiinflammatory asthma medication.Methods: In this double-blind study, subjects were randomized to receive esomeprazole 40 mg or placebo twice daily for 16 wk. According to nocturnal respiratory symptoms (NOC) and GERD, subjects were divided into three strata: GERD–/NOC+, GERD+/NOC–, and GERD+/NOC+.Measurements and Main Results: A total of 770 subjects were randomized. There was no statistically significant improvement in morning peak expiratory flow (PEF) over placebo in the overall study population: 6.3 L/min (p = 0.061). Over the whole treatment period, in GERD+/NOC+ subjects (n = 350), esomeprazole provided an 8.7-L/min improvement (p = 0.03) in morning PEF, and a 10.2-L/min improvement (p = 0.012) in evening PEF over placebo. Among 307 subjects taking long-acting β2-agonists, improvements over placebo were observed in morning PEF (12.2 L/min, p = 0.017) and in evening PEF (11.1 L/min, p = 0.024); these improvements were more pronounced in GERD+/NOC+ subjects. Esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily was well tolerated and no safety concerns were noted.Conclusions: Esomeprazole improved PEF in subjects with asthma who presented with both GERD and NOC. In subjects without both GERD and NOC, no improvement could be detected.
Primary Tumour Location (Ptl) As a Prognostic and Predictive Factor in Advanced Colorectal Cancer (Acrc): Data from 2075 Patients (Pts) in Randomised Trials
Authors: J.F. Seligmann, F. Elliott, S.D. Richman, K. Southward, J. Barrett, P. Quirke, M. Seymour
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
TRAIL contributes to the apoptotic effect of 13-cis retinoic acid in human sebaceous gland cells
Authors: A.M. Nelson, Z. Cong, K.L. Gilliland, D.M. Thiboutot
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Background The full mechanism of action of isotretinoin [13‐cis retinoic acid (13‐cis RA)] in treating acne is unknown. 13‐cis RA induces key genes in sebocytes that are involved in apoptosis, including Tumor necrosis factor Related Apoptosis Inducing Ligand (TRAIL). Objectives In this study, we investigated the role of 13‐cis RA‐induced TRAIL within SEB‐1 sebocytes. Methods Using 13‐cis RA and recombinant human TRAIL (rhTRAIL) protein, we assessed induction of TRAIL and apoptosis in SEB‐1 sebocytes, normal keratinocytes and patient skin biopsies. Results Treatment with rhTRAIL protein increased TUNEL‐positive staining in SEB‐1 sebocytes. TRAIL siRNA significantly decreased the percentage of TUNEL‐positive SEB‐1 sebocytes in response to 13‐cis RA treatment. Furthermore, TRAIL expression increased in the skin of patients with acne after 1 week of isotretinoin therapy compared with baseline. TRAIL expression localized within sebaceous glands. Unlike sebocytes, TRAIL protein expression was not increased in normal human epidermal keratinocytes in response to 13‐cis RA, nor did rhTRAIL induce apoptosis in keratinocytes, suggesting that TRAIL is key in the sebocyte‐specific apoptotic effects of 13‐cis RA. Conclusions Taken together, our data suggest that TRAIL, like the neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin, is involved in mediating 13‐cis RA apoptosis of sebocytes.
THE ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PARA-AMINOBENZOIC ACID PRODUCED BY STAPHYLOCOCCI RESISTANT TO SULFONAMIDE
Authors: Sidney Leskowitz, Charles L. Fox, Samuel Raymond
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

Previous studies have shown that when Staphylococcus aureus becomes resistant to sulfonamides, an antisulfonamide substance is produced in the growth medium. Although these studies suggested that the substance was p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), isolation and positive identification were not achieved. Because of the importance of these observations, unequivocal identification of the product was attempted. A strain of Stapkylococcus aureus resistant to sulfonamides was cultivated on a simplified medium, the organisms separated in a Sharples centrifuge and the diazotisable amine absorbed on amberlite IR-120 previously acidified. Elution was accomplished with pyridine and the amine recovered by ether extraction at pH 3.7. Paper chromatography revealed one amine resembling PABA and another contaminating diazotizable amine present in very small amounts. The PABA-like amine was further separated by chromatography; its R(f) value and its spectrum in the ultraviolet then equalled those obtained with PABA. A 2,4-dlnltrophenyl derivative of the amine was prepared and the m.p. was similar to that of the derivative made from PABA. On the basis of the physical and chemical properties described, it would appear unequivocal that this bacterial amine is PABA.
Abstract 5095: Association of Genetic Variation in the IL-1 Gene with Diabetes and Glucose Homeostasis
Authors: Kari Luotola, Rauni Pääkkönen, Mervi Alanne, Timo Lanki, Annette Peters, Antti Jula, Markus Perola, Veikko Salomaa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

To examine the associations of genetic variation in the interleukin 1 (IL-1) cluster with diabetes and glucose homeostasis. We determined 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL-1α, IL-1β and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) genes in a Finnish population sample of 6,771 individuals. Fasting glucose and insulin were determined from all participants. Indices of insulin resistance and beta cell function were calculated using the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR and HOMA-β cell). Two-hour oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTT) with insulin and glucose measurements at 30 min and 120 min were carried out on a subsample of 1,390 participants. Replication of the findings on prevalent diabetes was tested in another independent material of 972 European myocardial infarction (MI) survivors (AIRGENE). Replication of the associations with fasting insulin, glucose and HOMA-IR was searched from the publicly available Framingham SNP Health Association Resource (SHARe) database. In multivariate models haplotypic variation in the IL-1β SNPs rs1143634, rs3917356 and rs16944 was associated with prevalent diabetes among Health 2000 participants: rate ratio (RR) 1.54 (95% CI 1.03–2.30, p=0.037), comparing participants with two copies of the ACG haplotype with participants with no copy of the haplotype. This association was replicated among the European MI survivors: RR 2.09 (1.17–3.76, p=0.013). The same haplotype was associated with HOMA-IR (p=0.007), fasting insulin (p=0.021) and in the OGTT subsample with area under the glucose curve (AUC glucose) (p=0.0002). Rs1143634 was the tagging SNP of this haplotype and showed associations consistent with the haplotypic analyses. In the Framingham SNP Health Association Resource (SHARe) genome-wide data rs1374284 of the IL-1β gene is associated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (p=3.56e-4 and p=1.51e-4, respectively). Rs1374284 is in high LD with the rs1143634 (r2&gt;0.80) most probably reflecting the same signal as observed in our study. Genetic variation in the IL-1 cluster is associated with prevalent diabetes and several measures of glucose homeostasis. The associations seem consistent in several populations of white European ancestry.