tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction of Transplantable Liver Tumors in DBF&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; Mice After Oral Administration of &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;,&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;′-2,7-Fluorenylenebisacetamide&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Shozo Takayama
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

The carcinogenic effect of N,N′-2,7-fluorenylenebisacetamide (2,7-FAA) was studied in 56 (DBA/2 ♂ × C57BL/6 ♀)F1 (DBF1) mice fed a diet containing 0.025% 2,7-FAA for 3–5 months. Adenoma of the liver was found in 2 mice, carcinoma of the liver in 49, leukemia in 3, and adenomatous hyperplasia in 3. Lung metastasis from the liver carcinoma was observed in 2 animals. Several liver carcinomas were successfully transplanted subcutaneously and retained their original character in the fifth transplant generation. In the present experiment, despite the fact that the total amount of 2,7-FAA ingested by female mice was less than that by the male mice, there was no difference in the incidence of liver tumors. The adenomatous hyperplasia of the glandular stomach was seen only in the male mice surviving over 360 experimental days.
A Randomized Clinical Trial of α<sub>1</sub>-Antitrypsin Augmentation Therapy
Authors: ASGER DIRKSEN, JOOP H. DIJKMAN, FLEMMING MADSEN, BEREND STOEL, DUNCAN C. S. HUTCHISON, CHARLOTTE S. ULRIK, LENE T. SKOVGAARD, AXEL KOK-JENSEN, ARJAN RUDOLPHUS, NIELS SEERSHOLM, HENRI A. VROOMAN, JOHAN H. C. REIBER, NIELS C. HANSEN, THOMAS HECKSCHER, KAJ VISKUM, JAN STOLK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

We have investigated whether restoration of the balance between neutrophil elastase and its inhibitor, α1-antitrypsin, can prevent the progression of pulmonary emphysema in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency. Twenty-six Danish and 30 Dutch ex-smokers with α1-antitrypsin deficiency of PI*ZZ phenotype and moderate emphysema (FEV1 between 30% and 80% of predicted) participated in a double-blind trial of α1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy. The patients were randomized to either α1-antitrypsin (250 mg/kg) or albumin (625 mg/kg) infusions at 4-wk intervals for at least 3 yr. Self-administered spirometry performed every morning and evening at home showed no significant difference in decline of FEV1 between treatment and placebo. Each year, the degree of emphysema was quantified by the 15th percentile point of the lung density histogram derived from computed tomography (CT). The loss of lung tissue measured by CT (mean ± SEM) was 2.6 ± 0.41 g/L/yr for placebo as compared with 1.5 ± 0.41 g/L/yr for α1-antitrypsin infusion (p = 0.07). Power analysis showed that this protective effect would be significant in a similar trial with 130 patients. This is in contrast to calculations based on annual decline of FEV1 showing that 550 patients would be needed to show a 50% reduction of annual decline. We conclude that lung density measurements by CT may facilitate future randomized clinical trials of investigational drugs for a disease in which little progress in therapy has been made in the past 30 yr. Dirksen A, Dijkman JH, Madsen F, Stoel B, Hutchison DCS, Ulrik CS, Skovgaard LT, Kok-Jensen A, Rudolphus A, Seersholm N, Vrooman HA, Reiber JHC, Hansen NC, Heckscher T, Viskum K, Stolk J. A randomized clinical trial of α1-antitrypsin augmentation therapy.
Influences of inhaled tobacco smoke on the senescence accelerated mouse (SAM)
Authors: Y Uejima, Y Fukuchi, T Nagase, T Matsuse, M Yamaoka, R Tabata, H Orimo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

We studied the influences of inhaled tobacco smoke on lung structure, biochemical changes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, and glutathione (GSH) content of the lung in the senescence accelerated mouse (SAM), using 30 female SAM-P/8 as the "senescence-prone series", compared with SAM-R/1 as the "senescence-resistant series". At 18 wks of age, half of each series were housed in Hamburg II machines and exposed to an atmosphere of tobacco smoke for 5 wks, 10 min a day, 5 days a wk. At 24 wks of age, all of the animals were sacrificed. Blood, lung, liver, kidney and eyes were removed and the contents of GSH and thiol group (-SH) were measured (n = 5). We also performed BAL, to determine its total protein, albumin, and fibronectin contents, and elastase-like activity, elastase inhibitory capacity (EIC), and trypsin inhibitory capacity (TIC) (n = 5). Histological changes of the lungs from non-lavaged animals were also examined by light microscopy (n = 5). In SAM-P/8 not exposed to tobacco smoke, the mean linear intercept was longer than that in SAM-R/1. The exposure of SAM-P/8 to tobacco smoke caused increases in its lung weight and the ratio of albumin to total protein in BAL fluid, a decrease in the EIC/TIC ratio in BAL fluid, and a decrease in the GSH content and the GSH/-SH ratio of the lung, compared with those not exposed. We also observed focal infiltration of macrophages into alveoli with hyaline membrane and thickened alveolar wall in SAM-P/8 with tobacco exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Monitoring of herpes simplex virus in the lower respiratory tract of critically ill patients using real-time PCR: a prospective study
Authors: N. De Vos, L. Van Hoovels, A. Vankeerberghen, K. Van Vaerenbergh, A. Boel, I. Demeyer, L. Creemers, H. De Beenhouwer
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Factors That Predict the Referral of Breast Cancer Patients Onto Clinical Trials by Their Surgeons and Medical Oncologists
Authors: Laura A. Siminoff, Amy Zhang, Natalie Colabianchi, Christina M. Saunders Sturm, Quansheng Shen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To improve understanding of physicians’ reluctance to refer patients to clinical trials. METHODS: This study was conducted in a large metropolitan region from 1993 to 1995 using a two-staged population-based sampling strategy. A total of 147 physicians discussed 245 patient cases and their own knowledge, attitudes, and practices toward clinical trials. RESULTS: Ninety-three patients (38.0%) were offered a trial, and 49 (52.7%) of them agreed to participate. Forty-five patients (18.4%) actually received their adjuvant therapy on trial. Older patients and those with a poorer prognosis were less likely to be referred. Patients who delayed their decision were more than three times as likely to participate in a trial and more than eight times as likely to participate when they were reported to be actively involved in making the decision. Generally, physicians in university settings and who had formal support from a cooperative group were more likely to refer patients to trials. More specifically, surgeons referred more patients to trials when they felt comfortable explaining trials or believed that treatment should not stray from protocol. Oncologists were less likely to make referrals if they perceived the paperwork to be onerous or entry requirements to be too stringent. Surgeons’ participation in recommending adjuvant therapy to patients resulted in more trial referrals unless they treated their patients with tamoxifen. CONCLUSION: (1) Physicians still need to overcome attitudinal and practical barriers to trial participation, (2) more support for physicians is needed, (3) surgeons may play a pivotal role in the recruitment of patients to adjuvant therapy trials, and (4) garnering patient enthusiasm for trial participation and involving them in the choice of adjuvant therapy may be key components to increasing trial enrollment.
Abstract 17132: Inhibition of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Attenuates Proliferation of Vascular Cells and Prevents Neointimal Lesion Formation
Authors: Alexander Koch, Jochen Dutzmann, Jan-Marcus Daniel, Kai Knopp, Rebecca Teske, Katrin Donde, Christian Troidl, Holger Nef, Christian Hamm, Johann Bauersachs, Daniel Sedding
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Purpose: De-differentiation and proliferation of smooth muscle cells (SMC) and fibroblasts are hallmarks of vascular proliferative diseases. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a regulator of vasculogenesis an...
Abstract 1368: Overexpression of P22phox Subunit of Nadph Oxidase in Mice Accelerates Cardiac Fibrosis and Angiogenesis in Response to Angiotensin Ii
Authors: Alex Llanos, Lihong Cheng, Ioan Cucoranu, Qianhong Qin, Kathy K Griendling, David G Harrison, Dan Sorescu
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Bioinspired Oil Core/Silica Shell Nanocarriers with Tunable and Multimodal Functionalities
Authors: Anshuman Jakhmola, Raffaele Vecchione, Daniela Guarnieri, Valentina Belli, Dominic Calabria, Paolo A. Netti
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The application of multimodal systems in the field of nanomedicine is advantageous as they can perform two or more tasks simultaneously. Here a robust approach is presented mimicking biogenic silica to design a multilayered nanocarrier system with a central oil core encapsulated within a polymer‐silica shell. The outermost silica shell has been deposited through a biosilicification process induced by poly‐L‐lysine molecules immobilized on the surface of emulsion droplets. This system can be simultaneously loaded with high amount of hydrophobic molecules or contrasting agents in the inner oil core, while the polymeric‐silica layers can be easily tagged with at least two different contrasting agents. Additionally, the zwitterionic nature of the silica precipitating peptide (poly‐L‐lysine) has been efficiently exploited to modulate and entirely reverse the surface charge of the nanocarrier without using any additional coating material. It has been demonstrated experimentally that the designed nanocapsular system is monodisperse, nontoxic, cargo protective, tunable in thickness, fluorescent, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) active so highly versatile for multiple applications in the field of drug delivery and in vivo imaging.
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) “classic type”: Distinct clinical features
Authors: A. M. Gonzalez-Angulo, S. W. Kau, K. Broglio, A. U. Buzdar, R. L. Theriault, V. Valero, N. Sneige, D. Frye, G. N. Hortobagyi, M. Cristofanilli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

663
Tumor response, toxicity, and survival after neoadjuvant organ-preserving chemotherapy for advanced laryngeal carcinoma. The Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Laryngeal Cancer Study Group.
Authors: M B Spaulding, S G Fischer, G T Wolf
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE In 1984, the Department of Veterans Affairs Cooperative Studies Program began a trial in which patients with resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were randomized to receive standard surgery followed by radiation therapy or to receive neoadjuvant therapy with cisplatin and fluorouracil (5-FU) followed by radiation therapy for those achieving a greater than 50% tumor response to chemotherapy. This analysis reviews the tumor responses, toxicity, compliance, and long-term survival for those patients randomized to the chemotherapy arm. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred sixty-six patients were randomized to the chemotherapy arm. Standard tumor response data, chemotherapy toxicity, and survival have been examined using standard statistical methods. RESULTS The high response rates and acceptable toxicity to cisplatin and 5-FU of previously untreated patients were confirmed. Long-term disease-free survival was more likely to occur in patients who achieved a complete response to chemotherapy, particularly in those who had a confirmed histologic response to chemotherapy. Pretreatment histologic growth patterns were highly predictive of responses to chemotherapy. CONCLUSION Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was well tolerated and did not negatively affect the definitive treatment that followed. The survival of nonresponding patients who underwent prompt salvage surgery was also not impaired. The role of organ preservation should be explored in other head and neck sites.
Existing and Future Drugs for the Treatment of the Dark Side of Addiction
Authors: George F. Koob, Barbara J. Mason
Journal: The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology (2015)

The identification of a heuristic framework for the stages of the addiction cycle that are linked to neurocircuitry changes in pathophysiology includes the binge/intoxication stage, the withdrawal/negative affect stage, and the preoccupation/anticipation (craving) stage, which represent neuroadaptations in three neurocircuits (basal ganglia, extended amygdala, and frontal cortex, respectively). The identification of excellent and validated animal models, the development of human laboratory models, and an enormous surge in our understanding of neurocircuitry and neuropharmacological mechanisms have provided a revisionist view of addiction that emphasizes the loss of brain reward function and gain of stress function that drive negative reinforcement (the dark side of addiction) as a key to compulsive drug seeking. Reversing the dark side of addiction not only explains much of the existing successful pharmacotherapies for addiction but also points to vast new opportunities for future medications to alleviate this major source of human suffering.
Abstract 1789: Genomic Analyses Identify New Loci and Genes in Isolated, Sporadic Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Steven C Greenway, Alexandre C Pereira, Mei Zhu, Jennifer C Lin, Daniel S Herman, G. Kees Hovingh, Polakit Teekakirikul, Steven R DePalma, Samuel J Israel, Joshua M Gorham, Amy E Roberts, Leslie B Smoot, Sonia M Mesquita, Joshua M Korn, Steven A McCarroll, Roger E Breitbart, J G Seidman, Christine E Seidman
Journal: Circulation (2009)
In vitro susceptibility of the seven Malassezia species to ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine
Authors: A.K. Gupta, Y. Kohli, A. Li, J. Faergemann, R.C. Summerbell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Fifty-five strains, either authentic or ex-type, of seven Malassezia species were investigated for in vitro susceptibility to various concentrations (0.03-64.0 microg/mL) of three azole drugs, ketoconazole, voriconazole and itraconazole, as well as the allylamine terbinafine, using the agar dilution method. All strains of the seven Malassezia species were susceptible to the three azole drugs at low concentrations. M. furfur, M. sympodialis, M. slooffiae, M. pachydermatis, M. globosa, M. obtusa and M. restricta were most sensitive to ketoconazole and itraconazole, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from < or = 0.03 to 0.125 microg/mL. The recently introduced antifungal, voriconazole, was also very effective, with MIC80 values < or = 0.03 microg/mL for 80% of strains. MICs of terbinafine against the seven Malassezia species ranged from </= 0.03 to 64.0 microg/mL. There were variations in susceptibility of the seven Malassezia species to ketoconazole, voriconazole, itraconazole and terbinafine. Strains of M. furfur, M. globosa and M. obtusa were more tolerant to terbinafine than the remaining Malassezia species; M. sympodialis was highly susceptible. M. furfur strains tested with terbinafine ranged from highly susceptible to relatively resistant. Correct identification of Malassezia species could facilitate selection of appropriate antifungal therapy.
Effects of abdominal visceral obesity measured by bioelectric impedance analysis on lung function
Authors: Seung Ho Choi, Seung Joo Kang, Seong Yeon Kwon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

While many studies suggest the impact of obesity on lung function, studies of abdominal visceral obesity on lung fuction provide inconclusive informations. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of abdominal visceral fat mesured by bioelectrical impedance analysis and changes in lung functoin. We included never-smokers between the ages of 18 and 80yr, who had undergone spirometry and abdominal adipose tissue analysis with bioelectrical impedance analysis during March 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010 as part of the health examination. Among a total of 67,368 participants, 54.3% were male. The mean body mass index and waist circumference among males and females were 24.8 kg/m 2  and 87.3cm and 23.1 kg/m 2  and 83.2 cm, respectively. Although total adipose tissue of the abdomen in males was similar to that in females, the ratio of visceral adipose tissue/total adipose tissue was statistically different. In males, total abdominal adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue were inversely associated with the value of forced vital capacity(FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1). In females, total abdominal adipose tissue and visceral adipose tissue, but not subcutaneous abdipose tissue, were inversely associated with absolute FVC and FEV1 values. In conclusion, abdominal visceral obesity is inversely associated with lung function.
Abstract 2635: Phosphorylation of Ryanodine Receptor by Both PKA and CAMKII is Required for Induction of Arrhythmogenic Disturbances in Myocyte Ca Cycling Caused by miR-1
Authors: Dmitry Terentyev, Radmila Terentyeva, Andriy E Belevych, Serge Viatchenko-Karpinski, Inna Gyorke, Jody L Martin, Mickey M Martin, Sarah Sansom, Maha Abdellatif, Terry S Elton, Sandor Gyorke
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Alpha Fetoprotein: Effect of Heterologous Antiserum on Hepatoma Cells in Vitro2
Authors: Gerald J. Mizejewski, S. Robert Young, Roblee P. Allen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Journal Article Alpha Fetoprotein: Effect of Heterologous Antiserum on Hepatoma Cells in Vitro Get access Gerald J. Mizejewski, Gerald J. Mizejewski Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Robert Young, S. Robert Young Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roblee P. Allen Roblee P. Allen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 54, Issue 6, June 1975, Pages 1361, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/54.6.1361 Published: 01 June 1975 Article history Received: 31 July 1974 Revision received: 17 January 1975 Accepted: 18 February 1975 Published: 01 June 1975
Abstract 3169: Transfer of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients with Cardiogenic Shock for Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Timothy D Henry, Katie M Menssen, Sue Duval, Barbara T Unger, Marc C Newell, Daniel L Lips, Yale L Wang, Michael R Mooney, Wes R Pedersen, Anil K Poulose, David M Larson
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: ACC/AHA guidelines recommend early revascularization for patients with STEMI and cardiogenic shock who are >75 years old (class I). Selected patients ≤75 years old may also benefit. The...
Pharmacodynamics of prolonged oral etoposide in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: A A Miller, E A Tolley, H B Niell, J P Griffin, A M Mauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE This study was undertaken to investigate the pharmacodynamic relationship between etoposide drug levels on 21-day oral treatment courses and hematologic toxicities in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-two patients with stage IIIB or IV NSCLC were treated with oral etoposide 50 mg/m2/d for 21 consecutive days in combination with cisplatin 100 mg/m2 on day 1. Treatment was repeated every 28 days for up to six courses. Patients had not received previous chemotherapy and had a performance status of 0 to 2. Patients were monitored weekly while on treatment for compliance with oral etoposide and toxicity, including complete blood cell counts, and a blood sample before the daily etoposide dose (drug trough levels). Etoposide concentrations were measured in the plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS Three patients achieved a complete response (CR) and 10 patients a partial response for an objective response rate of 41% (95% confidence interval, 24% to 58%). The median survival was 4 months (range, 1 to 23). Neutropenia was dose-limiting, and two patients died of neutropenic sepsis. Pharmacodynamic correlations for drug concentrations and hematologic toxicities were available for 27 patients and a total of 76 treatment courses, and correlations were significant for graded hematologic toxicity and nadir counts of leukocytes, neutrophils, hemoglobin, and platelets. The grade of infection (77 courses) was also related to drug levels. Using data from 27 initial courses, a pharmacodynamic model was developed to estimate the nadir leukocyte or neutrophil count (WBCn, ANCn) based on the pretreatment count (WBCp, ANCp) and the etoposide concentration (Ec) as follows: WBCn = 0.35 (1 + WBCp x e-1.12 x Ec) and ANCn = 0.32 (1 + ANCp x e-2.47 x Ec). CONCLUSION Etoposide concentrations are related to the resulting hematologic toxicities. It is possible to predict nadir counts in the first course by a pharmacodynamic model. The above equations need to be validated prospectively and may be useful in future studies of prolonged oral etoposide.
Alveolar mast cells shift to an FcεRI-expressing phenotype in mild atopic asthma: a novel feature in allergic asthma pathology
Authors: C. K. Andersson, E. Tufvesson, D. Aronsson, A. Bergqvist, M. Mori, L. Bjermer, J. S. Erjefält
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Andersson CK, Tufvesson E, Aronsson D, Bergqvist A, Mori M, Bjermer L, Erjefält JS. Alveolar mast cells shift to an FcεRI-expressing phenotype in mild atopic asthma: a novel feature in allergic asthma pathology. Allergy 2011; 66: 1590–1597. Background: A unique feature of alveolar mast cells is their low high-affinity IgE receptor (FcεRI) expression. Recent discoveries in uncontrolled asthma suggest that the appearance of FcεRI-expressing alveolar mast cells may be a novel disease-specific feature of allergic asthma. This study investigates whether increased FcεRI-expressing alveolar mast cells are present in patients with mild allergic asthma or even in non-asthmatic allergic rhinitis patients (AR) who have developed bronchial hyperactivity (BHR). Methods: Bronchial and alveolar tissues were obtained from healthy controls, AR patients with or without BHR, and AR patients with concurrent asthma. Samples were processed for immunohistochemical identification of MCT and MCTC and expression of FcεRI and surface-bound IgE. Results: Bronchial mast cell expression of FcεRI was high in all groups. In contrast, in the alveolar tissue, the expression of FcεRI on mast cells was low in healthy controls and in the AR patient groups, whereas a high expression was present in AR patients with concurrent asthma (P = 0.006 compared to controls). The asthmatics had a 29-fold increase in numbers (P = 0.006) and a 19-fold increase in proportion (P = 0.007) of alveolar mast cells that expressed surface-bound IgE. Conclusions: The present data show that alveolar mast cells in patients with mild atopic asthma, but not atopic patients with AR, have turned into a highly FcεRI- and IgE-expressing phenotype. These data support the hypothesis that increased FcεRI expression on alveolar mast cells is a novel disease-specific feature of allergic asthma that is important for understanding asthma phenotypes and designing new therapeutic strategies.
Use of real-time PCR to detect human papillomavirus-16 viral loads in vaginal and urine self-sampled specimens
Authors: A. Daponte, A. Tsezou, P. Oikonomou, C. Hadjichristodoulou, A.N. Maniatis, S. Pournaras, I.E. Messinis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2008)