tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
National Department of Health.
Authors: William P. Whery
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Fort Wayne, Ind., Jan. 18, 1907. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The subject of a medical department in the federal government is of great interest to the profession. One of the chief objections to it hitherto was that the scope of the proposed secretaryship was not wide or important enough to warrant the creation of a department, and a bureau did not meet the wishes of those who advocated this innovation. Dr. Barchfeld's bill goes a great way in overcoming these objections. The supervision of foodstuffs and the control of the entire medical services of the Army and Navy would make the proposed department really important. I would suggest another service to be included—the census bureau. The supervision of emigration and immigration with the vital statistics and the statistics of morbidity—in a word, of the demography of the nation, would be a natural addition to the department of health. The internal fisheries,
Identification of contact allergens in unmodified rosin using a combination of patch testing and analytical chemistry techniques
Authors: S. SADHRA, I.S. FOULDS, C.N. GRAY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

In order to investigate the contact allergens in the unmodified colophony (rosin) used in routine patch testing, preparative chromatographic techniques were used to separate its components which were then patch tested on colophony-sensitive individuals. The chemical structure of the dermatologically active components was elucidated using mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance and infra-red techniques. The study shows that oxidized resin acids are stronger sensitizers than the resin acids themselves, the most potent contact allergen being 7-oxydehydroabietic acid (purity 92%). At naturally occurring concentrations (relative to abietic acid) all unoxidized resin acids were found to play an insignificant part, individually, in colophony dermatitis, except abietic acid (purity 99%), which was found to be a weak but important allergen. The commercial Trolab abietic acid preparation (unknown purity) was found to be dermatologically more active than purified abietic acid.
A new variant of mastocytosis: report of three cases clinicopathologically mimicking histiocytic and vasculitic disorders
Authors: K.M. Dunst, G.M. Huemer, B.G. Zelger, B. Zelger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) or urticaria pigmentosa is characterized by abnormal proliferation and accumulation of mast cells. Clinically, CM usually presents as symmetrically distributed red-brown macules or papules that develop weals, erythema and often pruritus on stroking (Darier's sign). The histological hallmark of the disease is an increase in oval to spindle-shaped mast cells in the dermis located around blood vessels and skin appendages. We describe three patients with a new clinicopathological type of CM, which clinically mimics a histiocytic disorder and histologically mimics leucocytoclastic vasculitis (LV). Three infants (two boys and one girl) developed generalized reddish-yellow-brown macules of 3–10 cm with occasional scaling and crusting on the trunk and extremities without further symptoms or organ involvement except variable itching. Histology revealed diffuse and dense dermal infiltrates of eosinophils, neutrophils and nuclear debris with perivascular accentuation, imitating LV. This infiltrate masked large epithelioid cells, positive for macrophage markers, which by special histochemical stains for metachromatic granules turned out to be mast cells. This is the first report of this new variant of CM, which may cause considerable diagnostic difficulties both clinically and histopathologically.
TREATMENT OF COMPLETE UTERINE AND VAGINAL PROLAPSE.
Authors: FREDERICK HOLME WIGGIN
Journal: JAMA (1904)

So much diversity of opinion still exists among gynecic surgeons as to the proper treatment to be employed for the cure of complete uterine and vaginal prolapse, that it seems timely to again bring this subject forward for discussion; and for this reason I desire to bring up for consideration the method of treatment which in my experience has proven the most satisfactory. Before doing this, however, a few words in regard to the pathology of the disorder may be of interest. The condition is best described as a reducible hernia through the pelvic floor, the sac being the inverted vagina, containing beside the uterus, tubes, ovaries, bladder and rectum, a large portion of the small intestines. The causation of the disorder, as is well known, is primarily a separation—often submucous—of the tendons of the muscles forming the pelvic floor where they unite in the median line, and is
Psychodynamically Based Psychotherapy
Authors: Paul G. Myerson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

This volume is a thoughtful exposition by an experienced and perceptive scholar, discussing the kind of psychotherapy practiced by those psychiatrists who believe that the psychoanalytic approach to neurotic disturbances is the most appropriate one. This approach views the development of a neurosis as the outcome of a process that starts in early childhood with situations where inadequate management of the child's basic needs interferes with his capacity to find realistic opportunities for closeness, love, and sexual gratification. As a consequence, the child reacts with rage towards those people from whom he desires gratification. This anger compounds the child's anxiety and sense of guilt, which cause him to push out of awareness his libidinal desires and his hostile tendencies. From this point of view, a neurosis is manifest both by inhibition of the healthy and normal expressions of desire and of anger and by the indirect, maladaptive, often symptomatic expressions
Availability of medical supplies during the 2010 Pakistan floods
Authors: David Tordrup, Waqas Ahmed, Khalid Saeed Bukhari, Panos Kanavos
Journal: The Lancet Global Health (2013)

Access to essential medicines can be a formidable challenge in the wake of natural disasters where supply chains and health services might be severely affected. The devastating floods in Pakistan in 2010 affected most of the country from north to south, displacing more than 20 million people and damaging over 500 health facilities. This immense natural disaster, covering 2·4 million hectares of land at its highest, posed a substantial challenge to the provision of health services from the first rains in July until the flood waters receded in January the following year. In response to the flood, the WHO Pakistan Health Cluster established a coordinating body in Islamabad and set up regional hubs to provide essential medicines to affected populations, engaging 69 implementing partners from various non-governmental organisations. Almost 1200 mobile and 165 static health facilities in the four affected regions were established. Language: en
Macronutrients during Pregnancy and Life-Threatening Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections in Children
Authors: F. Martín Ferolla, Diego R. Hijano, Patricio L. Acosta, Andrea Rodríguez, Karina Dueñas, Andrea Sancilio, Edgar Barboza, Adriana Caría, Guadalupe Fernández Gago, Rodrigo Egües Almeida, Laura Castro, Cecilia Pozzolo, María V. Martínez, Luciano Alva Grimaldi, Beatriz Rebec, Mariel Calvo, Julieta Henrichsen, Celina Nocito, Mariela González, Guillermo Barbero, Juan Ves Losada, Mauricio T. Caballero, Valeria Zurankovas, Mirta Raggio, Graciela Schavlovsky, Alicia Kobylarz, Vera Wimmenauer, Jimena Bugna, John V. Williams, Gustavo Sastre, Edgardo Flamenco, Alberto Rodríguez Pérez, Fernando Ferrero, Romina Libster, Carlos G. Grijalva, Fernando P. Polack
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2013)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is an important cause of hospitalization and death in infants worldwide. Most RSV deaths occur in developing countries, where burden and risk factors for life-threatening illness are unclear.We defined the burden of life-threatening (O(2) saturation [O(2) sat] ≤ 87%) and fatal RSV infection, and characterized risk factors for life-threatening disease in hospitalized children. Special emphasis was placed on studying the impact of dietary habits during pregnancy. We hypothesized that dietary preferences, differing from those of our remote ancestors, would negatively impact children's pulmonary health. For instance, a diet rich in carbohydrates is a signature of recent millennia and typical of low-income populations, heavily burdened by life-threatening RSV disease.Prospective study in a catchment population of 56,560 children under 2 years of age during the RSV season in Argentina. All children with respiratory signs and O(2) sat less than 93% on admission were included.Among 1,293 children with respiratory infections, 797(61.6%) were infected with RSV: 106 of these had life-threatening disease; 1.9 per 1,000 children (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.5-2.2/1,000) under 24 months. A total of 22 hospitalized children died (9 RSV(+)), 26 died at home due to acute respiratory infection (14 attributed to RSV); all were under 12 months old. The annual attributable mortality rate for RSV was 0.7 per 1,000 infants (95% CI, 0.4-1.1/1,000). Life-threatening disease was dose-dependently associated with carbohydrate ingestion during pregnancy (adjusted odds ratio from 3.29 [95% CI, 1.15-9.44] to 7.36 [95% CI, 2.41-22.5] versus the lowest quartile).Life-threatening and fatal RSV infections are a heavy burden on infants in the developing world. Diets rich in carbohydrates during pregnancy are associated with these severe outcomes.
Medicare’s Hospital Compare Performance Measures and Mortality Rates
Authors: Paul Shekelle
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Gaucher's Disease
Authors: Arthur L. Beaudet
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Traditionally, Gaucher's disease has been divided into three clinical forms, which have recently been reviewed.1 , 2 Type 1 disease is a non-neuronopathic, chronic disorder characterized by hypersplenism and bone involvement. This form is the most common lysosomal storage disease, with a frequency of about 1 in 2500 among Ashkenazic Jews. Although the bone involvement and rarer complications can cause substantial morbidity, the disease is usually compatible with a relatively normal life. Type 2 disease is a much rarer disorder, characterized by hepatosplenomegaly, central nervous system involvement, and death during infancy. Type 3 disease is defined by the onset of neurologic symptoms . . .
Scores poorly predict major bleeding (c-statistics ≤ 0.61) during oral anticoagulant therapy
Authors: Richard H. White
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2013)

ACP Journal Club19 March 2013Scores poorly predict major bleeding (c-statistics ≤ 0.61) during oral anticoagulant therapyRichard H. White, MDRichard H. White, MDUniversity of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA (R.H.W.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-158-6-201303190-02013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationDonzé J, Rodondi N, Waeber G, et al. Scores to predict major bleeding risk during oral anticoagulation therapy: a prospective validation study. Am J Med. 2012;125:1095-102. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22939362Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Hospitalists: Cardiology: Hematology: Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California, USA (R.H.W.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 March 2013. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCoagulopathy and Anticoagulation During Thoracic SurgeryPlatelet count and outcome in patients with acute venous thromboembolism 19 March 2013Volume 158, Issue 6Page: JC13KeywordsAnemiaAnticoagulant therapyCancer risk factorsCreatinineHemorrhageHospital medicineHypertensionLung and intrathoracic tumorsMedical risk factorsMyocardial infarction ePublished: 19 March 2013 Issue Published: 19 March 2013 CopyrightCopyright © 2013 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Selective IgA Deficiency In a 77-Year-Old Woman
Authors: Donald Scanlon
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The selective absence of IgA was reported first by Heremans in 1960, and it has since been associated with numerous syndromes especially involving the gastrointestinal tract and respiratory tree.<sup>1</sup>This disease has been reported to be of autosomal dominance and autosomal recessive in transmission.<sup>2</sup>There are reports of asymptomatic patients<sup>3</sup>; however, long-term follow-up repeatedly leads to the onset and identification of the disease. The prognosis of selective IgA deficiency is apparently patient-dependent; however, the lack of older subjects in a large population studied at Hammersmith Hospital that failed to show a patient over 62 years of age among 11,000 patients, and the mortality of five of 24 propositi within two years suggest that it may take a serious course affecting the life span.<sup>1</sup> Recently, we had the occasion to see a 77-year-old woman who complained of recurrent hives. At age 32, she had
Salbutamol-induced acidosis in pregnant diabetics.
Authors: M G Chapman
Journal: BMJ (1977)

Together with colleagues in the University of Dundee I am completing an analysis of views of a one-in-eight sample of Scottish general practitioners concerning the consultation.From this it is clear that GPs (and a sizable proportion in the survey were not college members) do not share Dr Raine Roberts's view (p 508) on the consultation.There is very strong support for helping new entrants to general practice to readjust their approach to clinical medicine to suit the different circum- stances of general practice.
Acute lung injury fibroblast migration and invasion of a fibrin matrix is mediated by CD44.
Authors: K Svee, J White, P Vaillant, J Jessurun, U Roongta, M Krumwiede, D Johnson, C Henke
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Fibrosis results when myofibroblasts invade the wound fibrin provisional matrix. Extracellular matrix receptors on the cell surface mediate cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. Recent work with transformed cells indicates that these cells use the cell surface matrix receptor CD44 for migration and invasion. In this study, we examine whether lung fibroblasts, isolated from patients dying with acute alveolar fibrosis, use CD44 to invade a fibrin matrix. Consistent with a role for CD44 in mediating fibroblast invasion and subsequent tissue fibrosis, immunohistochemical analysis of lung tissue from patients who died from acute alveolar fibrosis after lung injury reveals CD44-expressing mesenchymal cells throughout newly formed fibrotic tissue. PCR, Western, and immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrate that the 85-kD CD44 isoform is expressed by acute lung injury fibroblasts. Consistent with a role in mediating matrix adhesion and migration ultrastructurally, CD44 was found uniformly over the cell surface and was found densely labeling filopodia and lamellipodia, highly motile structures involved in cell migration. To determine if lung injury fibroblasts use CD44 to invade fibrin, a fibrin gel model of fibrosis was used. By blocking the function of CD44 with monoclonal antibodies, fibroblast invasion into a fibrin matrix was inhibited. To examine the mechanism by which CD44 mediates fibroblast invasion, the role of CD44 in fibroblast migration and adhesion was evaluated. Anti-CD44 antibody blocked fibroblast migration on the provisional matrix proteins fibronectin, fibrinogen, and hyaluronic acid. Additionally, fibroblast CD44 mediated adhesion to the provisional matrix proteins fibronectin, fibrin, and hyaluronic acid, but not to laminin, a component of the basement membrane. These findings support the hypothesis that fibroblast CD44 functions as an adhesion receptor for provisional matrix proteins and is capable of mediating fibroblast migration and invasion of the wound provisional matrix resulting in the formation of fibrotic tissue.
781. Quantification of Empty Capsids in Preparations of Conditionally Replicating Adenovirus
Authors: Sundari Ravindran, Xiaoyu Yang, Suganto Sutjipto, Yan-Hui Liu, Gary Vellekamp
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

For a previously studied replication-deficient rAd, we found that the empty capsids in these preparations had a high amount of pVIII (precursor to adenovirus protein VIII). This precursor protein was quantified by SDS-PAGE densitometry or analytical RP-HPLC. These techniques determined the concentration of empty capsids (ECpVIII) in these preparations. But these techniques were not useful for quantification of the empty capsids from a conditionally replicating rAd due to low levels of pVIII. Here we studied alternative methods to quantify this different type of empty capsid.
Expired Nitric Oxide after Bronchoprovocation and Repeated Spirometry in Patients with Asthma
Authors: AARON DEYKIN, ORIT HALPERN, ANTHONY F. MASSARO, JEFFREY M. DRAZEN, ELLIOT ISRAEL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Compared with normal individuals, subjects with asthma have elevated levels of expired nitric oxide (NO). These levels are hypothesized to reflect the degree of airway inflammation. Expired NO levels rise during the late phase of allergen challenge and decrease in asthmatics after steroid treatment. Isocapnic cold air hyperventilation (ISH) is believed to cause airway narrowing through noninflammatory mechanisms. We measured mixed expired NO in 10 individuals with atopic asthma who underwent both ISH challenge and allergen challenge, and compared these measurements with the change in expired NO that occurred after serial spirometry alone. We found that ambient NO levels affected mixed expired NO. Controlling for inspired NO, we found that repeated spirometry alone produced a significant fall in mixed expired NO (p < 0.01) that was maximal after 30 min (36.6 ± 8.5% fall). After allergen and ISH challenges, expired NO was elevated relative to levels after repeated spirometry (p < 0.01 and p = 0.065, respectively). In addition, we found that prechallenge expired NO levels were significantly correlated with the magnitude of the late fall in FEV1 following allergen challenge (r = 0.80, p < 0.01). These data demonstrate that repeated spirometry results in reduced mixed expired NO and suggest that both ISH and allergen-induced bronchoconstriction share pathobiologic mechanisms that produce increases in mixed expired NO.
Follow up study of moderate alcohol intake and mortality among middle aged men in Shanghai, China
Authors: J.-M. Yuan, R. K Ross, Y.-T. Gao, B. E Henderson, M. C Yu
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <i>Objective:</i> To assess the risk of death associated with various patterns of alcohol intake. <i>Design:</i> Prospective study of mortality in relation to alcohol consumption at recruitment, with active annual follow up. <i>Setting:</i> Four small, geographically defined communities in Shanghai, China. <i>Subjects:</i> 18 244 men aged 45-64 years enrolled in a prospective study of diet and cancer during January 1986 to September 1989. <i>Main outcome measure:</i> All cause mortality. <i>Results:</i> By 28 February 1995, 1198 deaths (including 498 from cancer, 269 from stroke, and 104 from ischaemic heart disease) had been identified. Compared with lifelong non-drinkers, those who consumed 1-14 drinks a week had a 19% reduction in overall mortality (relative risk 0.81; 95% confidence interval 0.70 to 0.94) after age, level of education, and cigarette smoking were adjusted for. This protective effect was not restricted to any specific type of alcoholic drink. Although light to moderate drinking (28 or fewer drinks per week) was associated with a 36% reduction in death from ischaemic heart disease (0.64; 0.41 to 0.998), it had no effect on death from stroke, which is the leading cause of death in this population. As expected, heavy drinking (29 or more drinks per week) was significantly associated with increased risks of death from cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract, hepatic cirrhosis, and stroke. <i>Conclusions:</i> Regular consumption of small amounts of alcohol is associated with lower overall mortality including death from ischaemic heart disease in middle aged Chinese men. The type of alcoholic drink does not affect this association. <h3>Key messages</h3> Moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a reduced risk of death from all causes and ischaemic heart disease in Western populations No data are available for Chinese people, who drink little grape wine and have a low rate of ischaemic heart disease In this study of middle aged Chinese men regular drinkers of small amounts of alcohol had a 19% lower death rate than non-drinkers Death rates among moderate drinkers were lower for cancer and non-cancer causes, and the type of alcohol made no difference Relative to non-drinkers, heavy drinkers had a 30% increased risk of death