tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11738: AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling Mediates the Cardioprotective Effect of Antithrombin Against Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Yina Ma, Jinli Wang, Junjie Gao, Hui Yang, Wanqing Sun, Xingchi Chen, Yanqing Wang, Alireza R Rezaie, Ji Li
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Antithrombin (AT) is an endogenous protein of the serpin superfamily involved in regulation of the proteolytic activity of the serine proteases of the coagulation system. In addition to its anticoagulant function, AT also exhibits an anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective function when it binds to distinct heparin sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) on vascular endothelial cells. The energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known to play an important cardioprotective role during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Hypothesis: The cardioprotective function of AT may be through activation of AMPK by which modulates the substrate metabolism. Methods: The cardioprotective activities of wild-type (WT) AT and its two recombinant derivatives one having high affinity and the other no affinity for heparin were evaluated in an acute in vivo regional ischemia/reperfusion (30 min/24 hours) injury model in which the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded and released. The serpin derivatives were given 5 min before reperfusion. Langendroff perfused heart system was used to approach an ex vivo global ischemia model. Results: AT-WT can activate the protective AMPK signaling pathway in both in vivo and ex vivo conditions. Blocking AMPK activity by using AMPK kinase dead (KD) transgenic mice, the cardioprotective function of AT against I/R damage was abolished. The AT derivative having high affinity for heparin was more effective in activating AMPK but the derivative lacking any affinity for heparin was inactive in eliciting AMPK-dependent cardioprotective activity. Moreover, the AMPK-dependent activity of AT significantly inhibited I/R-induced inflammatory c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase (JNK) pathway. In the ex vivo working heart perfusion system, the further studies revealed that the AMPK activity of AT also modulates cardiac substrate metabolism by increasing glucose oxidation but inhibiting fatty acid oxidation during I/R. Conclusions: These results suggest that AT binds to heparin sulfate proteoglycans to invoke a cardioprotective function through triggering cardiac AMPK activation, thereby attenuating JNK inflammatory signaling pathways and modulating substrate metabolism during I/R.
Partial Complement Factor H Deficiency Associates with C3 Glomerulopathy and Thrombotic Microangiopathy
Authors: Katherine A. Vernon, Marieta M. Ruseva, H. Terence Cook, Marina Botto, Talat H. Malik, Matthew C. Pickering
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

The complement–mediated renal diseases C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) strongly associate with inherited and acquired abnormalities in the regulation of the complement alternative pathway (AP). The major negative regulator of the AP is the plasma protein complement factor H (FH). Abnormalities in FH result in uncontrolled activation of C3 through the AP and associate with susceptibility to both C3G and aHUS. Although previously developed FH–deficient animal models have provided important insights into the mechanisms underlying susceptibility to these unique phenotypes, these models do not entirely reproduce the clinical observations. FH is predominantly synthesized in the liver. We generated mice with hepatocyte–specific FH deficiency and showed that these animals have reduced plasma FH levels with secondary reduction in plasma C3. Unlike mice with complete FH deficiency, hepatocyte–specific FH–deficient animals developed neither plasma C5 depletion nor accumulation of C3 along the glomerular basement membrane. In contrast, subtotal FH deficiency associated with mesangial C3 accumulation consistent with C3G. Although there was no evidence of spontaneous thrombotic microangiopathy, the hepatocyte–specific FH–deficient animals developed severe C5–dependent thrombotic microangiopathy after induction of complement activation within the kidney by accelerated serum nephrotoxic nephritis. Taken together, our data indicate that subtotal FH deficiency can give rise to either spontaneous C3G or aHUS after a complement-activating trigger within the kidney and that the latter is C5 dependent.
Favourable Outcome of Scleroderma Renal Crisis
Authors: D A Collins, S Patel, J B Eastwood, B E Bourke
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Severe hypertension and rapidly progressive acute renal failure is a well recognized complication of scleroderma, often referred to as the renal crisis, and widely thought to cause irreversible deterioration in renal function. With the advent of angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors (ACE-I) the outlook for patients with this condition has dramatically improved. We report here one such patient.
Abstract 18748: Myocardial Injury is Detectable in Virtually All Patients Undergoing Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Abraham Salacata, Christopher Kaczmierzak
Journal: Circulation (2014)

BACKGROUND: Cardiac troponin (CTn) measurement is the standard for diagnosing myocardial infarctions. CTn is also elevated by cardiac procedures. During pacemaker implantation (PMI), the extent and course of this elevation, as well as its prognostic significance using modern sensitive assays, is not known. METHODS: In consecutive patients with normal LV function, normal renal function and no significant valvular disease referred for PMI, troponin I (TI) levels were determined at baseline (T0), 2-4 (T1), 6-12 (T2) and 12-24 hours (T3) post PMI using a commercially available assay (normal range <0.014-0.44 ng/ML). Since a significant number of patients had undetectable TI at baseline, TI at T0 and T1 were coded as normal or abnormal then compared using the Chi square statistic while the TI levels between T1, T2 and T3 were compared by ANOVA. RESULTS: 34 patients (20 male, mean age 75.2±7.98 years, known CAD 23.5%, DM 36.1%, mean creatinine = 1.12±0.66 mg/Dl) underwent PMI using active fixation leads. At T0 ...
Immunogenetic Changes Induced in Tumors Grown in Radiation Chimeras&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: David Yaffe, Michael Feldman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1959)

An analysis was made of the immunogenetic properties of SBLx tumor lines that had acquired homotransplantability by growing in “radiation chimeras. ” This study mainly concerned the nature of the induced change and the mechanism of homotransplantability acquired. The SBLx tumors had lost the original antigenicity of SBL1, and the homotransplantability of SBLx was thus based on its inability to elicit an immune response. SBLx homografts, however, were found to be highly susceptible to transplantation immunity. Thus, the low antigenicity of the tumor cells was not due to the loss of the H antigens, but was attributed to a low rate of antigen emission. The analysis of these properties provided evidence that the change of SBL1 to SBLx involved a genetic transformation induced by the conditions that prevailed in the radiation chimeras. The acquired homotransplantability was found to be a reversible process. Transplantation of SBLx tumors back into C57BL or into (C3H × C57BL)F1 mice resulted in a complete loss of homotransplantabiIity. The mere existence of the isologous C57BL antigens in the host was sufficient to produce this reversed change, and the SBLxB1 tumors thus formed regained the original antigenicity of SBLI. This reversed process took place only if the SBLx tumor was transplanted to hosts of foreign strains following 9 to 16 days of growth in C57BL mice. Prolonged growth of the tumor in C57BL mice did not result in the loss of strain specificity. The significance of these data in relation to the possible mechanism of the reversible change is discussed.
Abstract 588: Search for potential penile cancer biomarkers using frozen tissue proteome profiling by mass spectrometry
Authors: Adriana Bulgarelli, Elisângela de Jesus Silva, Nilson Antonio Assunção, Isabela Werneck Cunha, Stenio de Cássi Zequi, Gustavo Cardoso Guimarães, Fernando Augusto Soares, José Vassallo
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) corresponds to 2.1% of Brazilian men's malignant tumors. In the present study, it was our objective to provide information regarding the differential protein pattern in penile SCC and look for potential prognostic markers. Twenty-four frozen samples, fourteen of penile SCC and ten of normal penile epithelium (NPE) were compared, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. A total of 268 spots were identified, 23 were identified only in penile SCC, 207 only in normal tissue and 38 proteins were found differentially expressed between the two groups (p&amp;lt;0.05). Additionally, ongoing experiments for protein identification by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time of Flight - Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF) have already detected two key proteins with critical role in all aspects of RNA metabolism. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein C (C1/C2) (HNRNPC) were found expressed only in penile SCC and the RNA helicase DEAD (Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp) box polypeptide 59 (DDX59) were upregulated on tumor samples, which both are associated to tumor aggressiveness. Our data provide a novel proteomic approach to investigate the protein profile of penile SCC and might represent the basis for further studies on the characterization of these proteins, some of which may be of potential clinical value. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Adriana Bulgarelli, Elisângela de Jesus Silva, Nilson Antonio Assunção, Isabela Werneck Cunha, Stenio de Cássi Zequi, Gustavo Cardoso Guimarães, Fernando Augusto Soares, José Vassallo. Search for potential penile cancer biomarkers using frozen tissue proteome profiling by mass spectrometry. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 588. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-588
Divergences between clinical and research methods for assessing personality disorders: implications for research and the evolution of axis II
Authors: D Westen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which instruments for assessing axis II diverge from clinical diagnostic processes.Subjects in the first study were 52 clinicians with experience in assessment and treatment of patients with personality disorders, who were surveyed about the methods they use in clinical practice to make diagnoses and other aspects of the diagnostic process. A second study replicated the major findings with a random national sample of 1,901 experienced psychiatrists and psychologists.Whereas current instruments rely primarily on direct questions derived from DSM-IV, clinicians of every theoretical persuasion found direct questions useful for assessing axis I disorders but only marginally so for axis II. They made axis II diagnoses, instead, by listening to patients describe interpersonal interactions and observing their behavior with the interviewer. In contrast to findings with current research instruments, most patients with personality disorders in clinical practice receive only one axis II diagnosis, and if they receive more than one, one is considered primary. Clinicians reported treating a substantial number of patients for enduring personality patterns that current axis II instruments do not assess, many of which meet neither axis I nor axis II criteria, notably problems with relatedness, work, self-esteem, and chronic subclinical depressive traits.Measurements of axis II were constructed by using a model derived from axis I instruments that diverges from clinical diagnostic procedures in a way that may be problematic for the assessment of personality disorders and the development of a more clinically and empirically sound taxonomy.
A Survey of Croquet Injuries
Authors: D R Appleton
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1997)

Of 214 croquet players who responded to a questionnaire, 76 reported at least one injury to hand, wrist or forearm caused by striking the ball. There was no obvious relation to which of the three main grips the player applied to the mallet. Injuries were somewhat more frequent when the mallet shaft consisted of fibreglass than when it was wood, metal or carbon fibre, but a causal relation has not been established. Back injuries seem less troublesome in croquet than in golf.
A validity study of axis II of DSM-III
Authors: R E Drake, G E Vaillant
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors examine DSM-III personality disorders in a longitudinally followed community sample of middle-aged inner city men. Eighty-six (23%) of the subjects received an axis II diagnosis of personality disorder. Although these men received relatively little psychiatric attention, they were severely impaired in terms of how they felt about themselves, how others saw their global mental health, and their ability to work and to love. When the strong overlap with alcoholism was controlled for, personality disorder was clearly related to adaptive problems that manifested by early adolescence. The evidence suggests that early deficiencies of biology, environmental support, and ego strength contribute to the development of personality disorder.
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone–Receptor Antibody and Thyroid Hormone Concentrations in Smokers vs Nonsmokers With Graves Disease Treated With Carbimazole
Authors: Moffat J Nyirenda, Peter N Taylor, Mary Stoddart, Geoffrey J Beckett, Anthony D Toft
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Isatoribine, a toll-like receptor 7 agonist, significantly reduced plasma viral load in a clinical proof-of-concept study in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection.
Authors: Yves Horsmans, T. Berg, Jean-Pierre Desager, T. Muller, E Schott, L Bauman, K Steffy, S Fletcher, Banh, W Liaw, B Kerr, D Averett
Journal: Hepatology (2004)
An audit of NIV in COPD patients in a respiratory and coronary care unit
Authors: Selina Tsim, Peter Kewin, Scott Davidson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  While non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is established in the management of acute type 2 respiratory failure (T2RF) in COPD, the ideal location for its delivery is debatable. Recommended target inspiratory pressure (IPAP) is 20cmsH 2 0, or until patient response or tolerance is reached (BTS guideline 2008). There is little data on optimum duration for NIV. It is generally agreed that weaning can commence once respiratory rate and acidosis have normalised and acute cause for decompensation resolved. Nocturnal NIV should be continued in the weaning period. We aimed to assess if patients with acidotic T2RF on NIV met target IPAP and were weaned following local and national guidelines.   Method:  Records for all 39 patients on acute NIV from Jan-Sept 2010 were reviewed. Data collected: time NIV started, maximum IPAP achieved, duration of NIV, compliance with weaning criteria, use of nocturnal NIV on weaning, rate of recommencing NIV and failure rate.   Results:  82.1% of patients (n=32) were started on NIV out-with normal working hours (1700-0900), due to bed pressures the majority were managed in the coronary care unit (n=24, 61.5%). Data is summarised below.   Conclusion:  This audit indicates that acute NIV can be done well in a general respiratory ward, where teams are experienced in its use. It also highlights the importance of ongoing audit, training and support to all areas where NIV is undertaken. A local training programme is in development.
Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonism Ameliorates Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction and Myocardial Fibrosis in Mildly Symptomatic Patients With Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Hideo Izawa, Toyoaki Murohara, Kohzo Nagata, Satoshi Isobe, Hiroyuki Asano, Tetsuya Amano, Sahoko Ichihara, Tomoko Kato, Satoru Ohshima, Yosuke Murase, Shigeo Iino, Koji Obata, Akiko Noda, Kenji Okumura, Mitsuhiro Yokota
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism reduces mortality associated with heart failure by mechanisms that remain unclear. The effects of the mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist spironolactone on left ventricular (LV) function and chamber stiffness associated with myocardial fibrosis were investigated in mildly symptomatic patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Methods and Results— Twenty-five DCM patients with a New York Heart Association functional class of I or II were examined before and after treatment with spironolactone for 12 months. LV pressures and volumes were measured simultaneously, and LV endomyocardial biopsy specimens were obtained. Serum concentrations of the carboxyl-terminal propeptide (PIP) and carboxyl-terminal telopeptide (CITP) of collagen type I were measured. The patients were divided into 2 groups on the basis of the serum PIP/CITP ratio (≤35, group A, n=12; &gt;35, group B, n=13), an index of myocardial collagen accumulation. LV diastolic chamber stiffness, the collagen volume fraction, and abundance of collagen type I and III mRNAs in biopsy tissue were greater and the LV early diastolic strain rate (tissue Doppler echocardiography) was smaller in group B than in group A at baseline. These differences and the difference in PIP/CITP were greatly reduced after treatment of patients in group B with spironolactone, with treatment having no effect on these parameters in group A. The collagen volume fraction was significantly correlated with PIP/CITP, LV early diastolic strain rate, and LV diastolic chamber stiffness for all patients before and after treatment with spironolactone. Conclusions— Spironolactone ameliorated LV diastolic dysfunction and reduced chamber stiffness in association with regression of myocardial fibrosis in mildly symptomatic patients with DCM. These effects appeared limited, however, to patients with increased myocardial collagen accumulation.
Abstract 15680: Sinus Node Dysfunction in Associated With Higher Symptom Burden and Increased Risk of Progression to Permanent Atrial Fibrillation: Results From ORBIT-AF Registry
Authors: Larry R Jackson, Sung Hee Kim, Jonathan P Piccini, Bernard J Gersh, Gerald V Naccarelli, James A Reiffel, James Freeman, Laine Thomas, Paul Chang, Gregg C Fonarow, Alan S Go, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Eric D Peterson, Peter R Kowey
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Patients with sinus node dysfunction (SND) are at increased risk of atrial tachyarrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether the presence of SND is also associated with worse outcomes among those with AF has not been well described. Methods: The ORBIT-AF registry enrolled patients with AF from a range of clinical practices across the US. SND was defined clinically, based on the presence of sinus bradycardia, severe sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, sinoatrial exit block, or features of tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analysis were used to describe treatment patterns and outcomes for patients with and without SND and AF. Results: Overall, 1,710 (17.7%) patients had SND at enrollment. Patients with SND had lower left-ventricular ejection fractions, higher CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc risk scores, and more prior cerebrovascular events. Patients with SND had more severe symptoms (EHRA class IV: 17.5% vs. 13.9%; p=0.007) and poorer quality of life (median AFEQT 77.5 vs. 81.1; p=0.008) as compared to those without. SND patients were more frequently treated with oral anticoagulants (79.2% vs. 75.9%, p=0.004) and had more often received interventional therapy for AF (16.1% vs. 10.5%, p&lt;0.0001). There were no differences in the current AF management strategy between patients with SND and those without [rate control (69.7% vs. 67.7%), rhythm control (30.0% vs. 32.0%); P=0.11]. After adjustment, significantly more patients with SND had progressed from paroxysmal AF at baseline to persistent or permanent AF at any follow-up or persistent AF at baseline to permanent AF at any follow-up than those without (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01-1.49, p=0.035). Conclusion: Sinus node dysfunction is associated worse symptoms, lower quality of life, and higher risk of progression to permanent AF. However, SND is not associated with increased risk of all-cause hospitalization, incident stroke, or all-cause death.
Abstract 247: Digitization of Electrocardiogram from Telemetry Prior to In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Lu Wang, Reza Soroushmehr, Kayvan Najarian, Mina Attin
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Telemetry is commonly used to alert clinicians to respond to in-hospital cardiac arrest (I-HCA). Analyzing electrocardiogram (ECG) over an extended period of time prior to I-HCA is often time consuming because digital records of the ECG from telemetry are not available in the majority of hospitals. The objective of this study was to develop an algorithm to digitize full disclosure ECG papers in order to perform automated measurements. Methods: In a multi-center study, full-disclosure ECG papers (25 mm/s paper speed) within one hour of I-HCA of 42 cardiovascular patients with initial rhythms of pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and asystole were obtained from telemetry. Digital ECGs from one of the centers was also available for seven of these patients with a sampling rate of 500 Hz. The duration for each full-disclosure ECG paper was either 7.6 or 10.8 seconds as dictated by each hospital’s monitoring system. An algorithm to digitize the full-disclosure ECG papers was developed according to ...