tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quantification of jet flow by momentum analysis. An in vitro color Doppler flow study.
Authors: J D Thomas, C M Liu, F A Flachskampf, J P O'Shea, R Davidoff, A E Weyman
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Previous investigations have shown that the size of a regurgitant jet as assessed by color Doppler flow mapping is independently affected by the flow rate and velocity (or driving pressure) of the jet. Fluid dynamics theory predicts that jet momentum (given by the orifice flow rate multiplied by velocity) should best predict the appearance of the jet in the receiving chamber and also that this momentum should remain constant throughout the jet. To test this hypothesis, we measured jet area versus driving pressure, flow rate, velocity, orifice area, and momentum and showed that momentum is the optimal jet parameter: jet area = 1.25 (momentum).28, r = 0.989, p less than 0.0001. However, the very curvilinear nature of this function indicated that chamber constraint strongly affected jet area, which limited the ability to predict jet momentum from observed jet area. To circumvent this limitation, we analyzed the velocities per se within the Doppler flow map. For jets formed by 1-81-mm Hg driving pressure through 0.005-0.5-cm2 orifices, the velocity distribution confirmed the fluid dynamic prediction: Gaussian (bell-shaped) profiles across the jet at each level with the centerline velocity decaying inversely with distance from the orifice. Furthermore, momentum was calculated directly from the flow maps, which was relatively constant within the jet and in good agreement with the known jet momentum at the orifice (r = 0.99). Finally, the measured momentum was divided by orifice velocity to yield an accurate estimate of the orifice flow rate (r = 0.99). Momentum was also divided by the square of velocity to yield effective orifice area (r = 0.84). We conclude that momentum is the single jet parameter that best predicts the color area displayed by Doppler flow mapping. Momentum can be measured directly from the velocities within the flow map, and when combined with orifice velocity, momentum provides an accurate estimate of flow rate and orifice area.
Diagnosing dementia: do we get it right?
Authors: A. C. Homer, M. Honavar, P. L. Lantos, I. R. Hastie, J. M. Kellett, P. H. Millard
Journal: BMJ (1988)

To find out whether the diagnosis of dementia agreed with findings at necropsy a detailed assessment of 27 elderly patients (mean age 82 (range 70-94] presenting with dementia was conducted at a combined department of geriatric medicine and psychiatry for the elderly. On the basis of the results the cause of the dementia was diagnosed clinically. Neuropathological examinations were performed after death. The clinical diagnosis made during life was not supported by the findings at necropsy in 11 cases. Alzheimer's disease was overdiagnosed in life (13 cases, of which only six were confirmed at necropsy). Although the clinical investigation was limited by availability of resources, neither cranial computed tomography nor the Hachinski score helped to distinguish between multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease in this age group. This study confirms the value of neuropathological studies in the precise diagnosis of dementia.
IMPACT OF PITAVASTATIN PRETREATMENT ON SURVIVAL AND FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES OF MESENCHYMAL STEM CELL: POSSIBLE IMPLICATION FOR CELL TRANSPLANTATION THERAPY
Authors: Toshinari Tsubokawa, Chiaki Nakanishi, Shu Takabatake, Tetsuo Konno, Kenshi Hayashi, Masa-aki Kawashiri, Masakazu Yamagishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
HEREDITARY DEFORMING CHONDRODYSPLASIA
Authors: B. T. VANZANT
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Hereditary deforming chondrodysplasia 1 is a distinct clinical entity, easily recognized and presenting an unmistakable clinical morphologic, HISTOLOGIC and roentgen appearance. It is a relatively rare condition.  The first recorded case1aappeared in a Guy's Hospital report in 1825; the first in American literature, not until Gibney's2report in 1875. Since the publication of two excellent papers by Ehrenfried3in 1915 and 1917, the number of reported cases has increased many fold. Most clinicians still fail to recognize this condition. Textbooks of pathology make brief mention, and medical dictionaries confuse it with other conditions.  NOMENCLATURE  It is our belief that the undeserved slighting of this interesting condition is due largely to the unfortunate habit of each writer's devising a new name for the condition, based on some clinical or pathologic peculiarity or other whim. While it is obviously desirable for names of diseases accurately to describe them,
Abstract 1382: The sea cucumber-derived anti-cancer triterpenoid, Frondoside A blocks angiogenesis
Authors: Peter D. Collin, Thomas E. Adrian
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract We have previously shown that an extract (B1000) of the epithelial layer of the Atlantic sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa inhibited cancer cell proliferation. A pure triterpenoid glycoside, Frondoside A was purified from this extract, and has shown potent growth inhibitory effects, both in vitro and in vivo in pancreatic, colon, prostate, and breast cancer cells but no effect on normal cells. The present studies were aimed at investigating the effects of Frondoside A on angiogenesis. The parent sea cucumber extract, B1000, has marked anti-angiogenic effects in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. B1000 virtually eliminated vasculature in this model (B1000 mean score of 3.8±0.1; hydrocortisone/heparin positive control: 3.2±0.1, P&amp;lt;0.001, where a score of 3 = almost complete inhibition of vasculature and 4 = complete inhibition). The anti-angiogenic effects of B1000 were confirmed in the endothelial tube formation assay employing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) on matrigel coated slides. B1000 also inhibited migration of C8161 melanoma cells and RA116 synovial fibroblasts in a membrane invasion culture system. Based on these data, we investigated the effect of pure Frondoside A on the ability of HUVEC cells to differentiate into capillary-like structures. At a concentration of 1µM, Frondoside A virtually abolished endothelial tube formation (88±6% inhibition, P&amp;lt;0.0001) and was more than ten-fold more potent than the Suramin positive control in this assay (74±3% inhibition at 10µM). This was not due to cytotoxicity, since the HUVEC cells were viable in the culture, however, they failed to form the tube-like structures seen in control. These findings indicate that Frondoside A has anti-angiogenic effects in addition to its cancer growth-inhibitory effects. B1000 and Frondoside A may be valuable in the prevention or treatment of solid tumors. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1382.
LIPID AND LIPOPROTEIN BIOMARKERS AND THE RISK OF ISCHEMIC STROKE IN POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN
Authors: Jeffrey S. Berger, Aileen McGinn, Barbara Howard, Lewis Kuller, JoAnn Mason, Jim Otvos, David Curb, Charles Eaton, Robert Kaplan, John Lynch, Daniel Rosenbaum, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Potential of block copolymer- and immuno-conjugates for tumor-targeted delivery of Bowman–Birk soybean proteinase inhibitor
Authors: I.P Gladysheva, O.V Polekhina, T.A Karmakova, E.R Nemtsova, R.I Yakubovskaya, W.-C Shen, A.R Kennedy, N.I Larionova
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2001)
Abstract 4474: Occupational exposure to benzene and leukocyte telomere length
Authors: Bryan Bassig, Luoping Zhang, Richard Cawthon, Songnian Yin, Guilan Li, Stephen Rappaport, Wei Hu, Martyn T. Smith, Nathaniel Rothman, Roel Vermeulen, Qing Lan
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Benzene is an important industrial solvent and a ubiquitous environmental contaminant. IARC has classified benzene as a human leukemogen (Group 1) and a possible lymphomagen. We have previously demonstrated that exposure to benzene results in hematotoxic effects in a cross-sectional study, and that longer telomere length may be associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in a prospective study conducted in the general population. To further explore the biologic plausibility that benzene may be a lymphomagen, we tested if leukocyte telomere length was altered in a cross-sectional biomarker study of workers occupationally exposed to benzene in Shanghai, China. Forty-four benzene-exposed workers were enrolled from factories that used benzene, along with 44 age and gender-matched controls from two workplaces in the same geographic area that did not use benzene or other chemicals associated with bone marrow toxicity. Personal exposure measurements were obtained for each exposed worker using passive 3M organic vapor monitoring badges. Blood samples were collected from each worker, and leukocyte telomere length was measured using a quantitative PCR procedure. Linear regression using the natural logarithm of telomere length and adjusting for potential confounders was used to test for differences in telomere length between exposed workers and controls. The median benzene personal air level was 31 ppm in the exposed workers. Compared to unexposed workers, the mean leukocyte telomere length was increased by about 8% in all benzene-exposed workers (p=0.05). There was a 4% increase in workers exposed to &amp;lt; 31 ppm and a 12% increase in workers exposed to &amp;gt; 31 ppm and a statistically significant dose-dependent increase in telomere length with increasing levels of benzene exposure in air (ptrend = 0.01). Some preliminary evidence has suggested that benzene exposure may stimulate telomerase expression in lymphocytes and other cell lines. Given that longer telomere length has been associated with risk of NHL, our findings provide some support for the biologic plausibility that benzene is a lymphomagen but require replication in larger studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4474. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4474
STOMATOLOGY IN ENGLAND
Authors: Alfred J. Asgis
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The British Stomatological Association, whose committee on organization has been appointed to draw the details of form of organization suitable for England, at its meeting held, July 27, at the Medical Society of London, endorsed the principles of the Association stomatologique internationale. The aim of the International Stomatological Association is: (1) to establish stomatology, or the care of the mouth and teeth, as a specialty of medicine throughout the world, to be ultimately practiced by medically qualified dentists, that is, stomatologists; (2) to enlist the cooperation of medically qualified dentists, nonmedically qualified dentists, and medical practitioners to foster the stomatologic idea for the protection of public health; (3) to invite dentists, with no medical qualification but who accept the stomatologic doctrine, to join the stomatologic societies of their respective countries. The meeting brought forth the idea that, in England, dentistry is proceeding along the path of stomatology
Running Group Visits in Your Practice
Authors: William Ventres
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A novel simple hemoglobin dilution technique to measure hemodialysis vascular access flow
Authors: K. Tiranathanagul, P. Katavetin, P. Injan, A. Leelahavanichkul, N. Techawathanawanna, K. Praditpornsilpa, N. Srisawat, K. Tungsanga, S. Eiam-Ong
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Leaders and the Swan — Who Should Do Family Practice?
Authors: Howard M. Spiro, Harvey N. Mandell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1976)

Age must bring wisdom, and experience its compensations, the physician over 50 likes to hope as he contemplates retirement and the blurred boundaries between senility and incompetence. The baby boom over, grammar schools in quiet neighborhoods are turned into senior centers, and interest soars in the aged and in the deterioration that ends in death. Talk of recertification must make some physicians look in fear or wonder at their colleagues, and regard with envy pictures in one Saturday paper of an 80-year-old physician examining a child and taking an electrocardiogram on a patient five years his senior. Yet readers thrilled . . .
Digital Vascular Resistance in Normal, Polycythemic and Hypertensive States
Authors: MILTON MENDLOWITZ
Journal: Circulation (1951)

The relationship between blood pressure and flow in the digital circulation has been found to be rectilinear. This makes it possible from a single pressure-flow determination to measure (1) digital vascular configuration volume index, (2) initial digital arterial caliber, (3) resistance in dyne second/cm. 5 , (4) resistance in dynes and (5) resistance in dynes/cm. 2 . The normal variations in these values and the deviations from the normal found in hypertension and polycythemia are presented.
Molecular normalization of dystrophin in the failing left and right ventricle of patients treated with either pulsatile or continuous flow-type ventricular assist devices
Authors: Matteo Vatta, Sonny J. Stetson, Shinawe Jimenez, Mark L. Entman, George P. Noon, Neil E. Bowles, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Guillermo Torre-Amione
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Lung Deposition and Protective Effect of Terbutaline Delivered from Pressurized Metered-Dose Inhalers and the Turbuhaler in Asthmatic Individuals
Authors: ERIC DEROM, LARS BORGSTRÖM, JAN VAN SCHOOR, ANN-BRITT LÖFROOS, ROMAIN PAUWELS
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

We investigated the relationship between pulmonary deposition of terbutaline and bronchoprotection against methacholine and histamine with the Turbuhaler (AstraZeneca, Lund, Sweden) and a pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) in 13 asthmatic patients. The study was done with a randomized, double blind, double dummy, and crossover design. On different days, the provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% decrease in FEV1 (PC20 histamine) and PC20 methacholine were determined before and at 1.5, 3, and 6 h after inhalation of 0.25 or 0.5 mg of terbutaline sulfate. The Turbuhaler delivered significantly more drug than did the pMDI (% of the nominal metered dose and 95% confidence interval): 20.8% (16.4 to 26.6%) and 16.9% (13.2 to 21.7%) versus 4.8% (3.8 to 6.1%) and 7.4% (5.8 to 9.5%), respectively. Average protection against histamine over 6 h was 0.66 (95% CI: 0.45 to 0.87) doubling concentrations (DC) after inhalation of 0.25 mg and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.29) DC after 0.5 mg terbutaline via pMDI, and 1.07 (95% CI: 0.87 to 1.29) DC after 0.25 mg and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.03 to 1.45) DC after 0.50 mg via Turbuhaler. Protection against methacholine was also dose- and device-dependent. The dose needed to obtain the same pulmonary deposition with the pMDI was 3.14 times greater than with the Turbuhaler, and that needed for the same protective effect was 2.1 and 3.2 times greater for histamine and methacholine, respectively. We conclude that pulmonary deposition of terbutaline was predictive of the clinical response.
Cost effectiveness of community leg ulcer clinics: randomised controlled trial
Authors: C J. Morrell, S. J Walters, S. Dixon, K. A Collins, L. M L Brereton, J. Peters, C. G D Brooker
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To establish the relative cost effectiveness of community leg ulcer clinics that use four layer compression bandaging versus usual care provided by district nurses. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial with 1 year of follow up. <b>Setting:</b> Eight community based research clinics in four trusts in Trent. <b>Subjects:</b> 233 patients with venous leg ulcers allocated at random to intervention (120) or control (113) group. <b>Interventions:</b> Weekly treatment with four layer bandaging in a leg ulcer clinic (clinic group) or usual care at home by the district nursing service (control group). <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Time to complete ulcer healing, patient health status, and recurrence of ulcers. Satisfaction with care, use of services, and personal costs were also monitored. <b>Results:</b> The ulcers of patients in the clinic group tended to heal sooner than those in the control group over the whole 12 month follow up (log rank P=0.03). At 12 weeks, 34% of patients in the clinic group were healed compared with 24% in the control. The crude initial healing rate of ulcers in intervention compared with control patients was 1.45 (95% confidence interval 1.04 to 2.03). No significant differences were found between the groups in health status. Mean total NHS costs were £878.06 per year for the clinic group and £859.34 for the control (P=0.89). <b>Conclusions:</b> Community based leg ulcer clinics with trained nurses using four layer bandaging is more effective than traditional home based treatment. This benefit is achieved at a small additional cost and could be delivered at reduced cost if certain service configurations were used. <h3>Key messages</h3> Leg ulcer clinics based in the community using four layer compression bandaging can be more clinically effective than usual care provided by the district nursing service Community based leg ulcer clinics could be provided more cost effectively than usual home based care for venous leg ulcers Recurrence of venous leg ulcers is an important variable that should be measured in future trials of venous leg ulcer care It is difficult to measure improvements in health related quality of life among people with venous leg ulcers
Effect of furosemide in canine low-pressure pulmonary edema.
Authors: J Ali, W Chernicki, L D Wood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

We studied the effect of furosemide on pulmonary oxygen exchange, lung liquid, and central hemodynamics in dogs with pulmonary capillary leak induced by intravenous oleic acid (OA). 2 h after OA, triple indicator-dilution lung liquid volume and pulmonary shunt (Qs/Qt) doubled despite normal pulmonary capillary wedge pressure in 16 dogs compared with dogs not given OA in which no variable change during the same time. Six edematous dogs were then treated with furosemide (1 mg/kg), and 2 h later they showed significant reductions in Qs/Qt and lung liquid. In contrast, six other edematous dogs not given furosemide increased Qs/Qt and lung liquid during the same time. The changes in edema after furosemide could not be attributed to altered wedge or colloid osmotic pressures, and similar changes in Qs/Qt and lung liquid with furosemide were observed in four nephrectomized dogs. We conclude that pulmonary vasoactive effects of furosemide account for reduced shunt and edema in canine pulmonary capillary leak. These effects of furosemide differ from those in cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and suggest a different rationale for diuretic therapy in low-pressure pulmonary edema. Analysis of count rates from 51Cr-labeled erythrocytes and 125I-labeled albumin in lungs excised from 12 dogs indicated that the composition of excess lung liquid did not change with furosemide, and was 50% plasma, 25% blood, and 25% crystalloid.
Managing UK research data for future use
Authors: T. Groves
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The BMJ is now asking authors for data sharing statements

For some time the BMJ has been watching other journals’ efforts to encourage authors to make raw research data available. Now we are taking part too, by asking authors to include a data sharing statement at the end of each original research article. The statement will explain which additional data—if any—are available, to whom, and how. Those data could range from additional explanatory material to the complete dataset. People allowed access to the data might range from fellow researchers to everyone. And data might be available only on request, accessible online with a password, or openly accessible to all on the web with a link on bmj.com.

We understand that many authors wish to guard data until they have published all their own papers, and we know that data sharing is hard to do. But we hope that authors will, increasingly, set the data free, perhaps after a set period of personal use.

Data sharing means more than the open access publication of articles and the posting in online registries of study protocols and main results. Sharing allows other researchers—and perhaps scientists, clinicians, and patients—access to raw numbers, analyses, facts, ideas, and images that do not make it into published articles and registries. At its fullest extent, data sharing means free access …
Oesophageal tuberculosis mimicking a tumour during treatment for nodal tuberculosis.
Authors: U Kaur, S Katariya, S R Bhusnurmath, P Bambery, J B Dilawari
Journal: Thorax (1993)

A patient with cervical lymph node tuberculosis developed a tubercular ulcer in the oesophagus eight weeks after starting treatment. This was probably due to a drug related hypersensitivity reaction in an adjacent mediastinal lymph node and subsided with continued treatment.
T WAVE ALTERNANS IN EXPERIMENTAL MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: TIME COURSE AND PREDICTIVE VALUE FOR THE ASSESSING OF MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE
Authors: Marina M. Demidova, Juan Pablo Martinez, Alba Martn-Yebra, Violeta Monasterio, Sasha Koul, Jesper van der Pals, Pablo Laguna, David Erlinge, Pyotr G. Platonov
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Resident Physician Substance Use in the United States
Authors: Patrick H. Hughes
Journal: JAMA (1991)

A national survey was conducted to determine patterns of drug use among 3000 American resident physicians. Sixty percent (1785) of the residents surveyed responded. This report evaluates the prevalence of drug use among the respondents, when they initiated drug use, and their reasons for current use. Substance use rates are compared with other studies of resident physicians and with a sample of their nonphysician age peers surveyed the same year. Heavy substance use patterns were not observed among resident physicians. They had significantly lower rates of use for most psychoactive substances than their peers in the general population but did report higher rates of past-month use of alcohol and benzodiazepines. A sizable minority began using benzodiazepines and prescription opiates during their residency years-the stage in physicians' training when they first receive prescribing privileges. Current users of benzodiazepines and opiates used these drugs primarily for self-treatment rather than recreation. These two substances are often associated with impairment at later stages in the physician's career.