tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Haematoma of the Umbilical Cord
Authors: P. K. Irani
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Clinical CorrelationThere seems to be no evidence that the site of the primary growth bears any relation to the condition of the smallintestinal mucosa.The clinical state of the patients does appear to relate to the mucosal structure (Tables I andII).Thus the three patients with a normal mucosal appearance were comparatively fit, and only one (Case 2) had slight loss of weight.This patient had obstructive jaundice from a carcinoma of the common bile-duct and steatorrhoea.Of the six patients with an abnormal mucosa five had lost weight and in four steatorrhoea was present.
630. A Phase 2 Randomized Study of GM-CSF Gene-Modified Autologous Tumor Cell Immunotherapy (CG8123) with and without Low- Dose Cyclophosphamide in Advanced Stage Non- Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: John Nemunaitis, J. Schiller, Helen Ross, David Jablons, H. Harper, D. Sterman, K. Kelly, D. Carbone, A. Lin, D. Maslyar, Kristen Hege
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

A previous trial of autologous GVAX® immunotherapy for lung cancer in NSCLC yielded successful product manufacturing in 81% of patients enrolled and demonstrated complete tumor responses in 3 of 33 advanced stage patients treated (Nemunaitis, JNCI 2004;96:326–31). A novel closed cell processing system was developed which shortens the process time to one day. We initiated a phase 2 trial with this modified manufacturing process in stage IIIB/IV NSCLC. Patients with successful product manufacturing were randomized to immunotherapy alone (every 2 wks × 5; cohort A) vs. immunotherapy plus immunomodulatory doses of cyclophosphamide (Cy) (250mg/m2 one day prior to treatments 1, 3, and 5; cohort B). As of June 2005, 101 patients had undergone tumor harvest. The success rate of vaccine manufacturing for tumors processed was 75% for solid tumors and 50% for pleural effusions. Fifty-two patients initiated immunotherapy treatment. One patient (cohort B) with adenocarcinoma histology had a near complete response in a 2 cm lung mass that remains without progression for > 2 years and 14 patients had stable disease. T cell immunophenotyping demonstrated an immunomodulatory effect of Cy on CD4+/CD25+ T cells, consistent with possible inhibition of regulatory T cells. Estimates of median overall survival was 5.4 months for the immunotherapy only arm and 9.5 months for Cy + immunotherapy (p = N.S.). The mortality rate within 30 days of tumor procurement was 9% due to disease progression or other causes. Most adverse events related to treatment were mild (grade 1 or 2) including injection site reactions, which were more common in cohort B, and flu-like symptoms. One patient with diffuse bronchioloalveolar carcinoma died due to a progressive pulmonary infiltrative process, possibly related to study treatment. Conclusion: Autologous GVAX immunotherapy for lung cancer manufactured in a novel, closed processing system demonstrated modest clinical activity in advanced lung cancer. Addition of low dose Cy to the immunotherapy regimen led to transient inhibition of CD4+/CD25+ T cells, a greater frequency of injection site reactions, and a trend toward longer survival.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CONCENTRATION OF SULFAMERAZINE IN BODY FLUIDS AND THE RESPONSE IN TREATMENT OF MENINGOCOCCIC MENINGITIS 1
Authors: John G. Reinhold, Harrison F. Flippin, Joseph J. Zimmerman, William I. Gefter, John G. Riddler, Lillian Pollack, Rose P. Feldman, Rita M. Fenwick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1945)

Numerotis studies of bacteriostatic activity of sulfanilamide-type compounds indicate that for effective action a minimal concentration must be attained and that, in general, rising concentration is accompanied by increased activity.Therapeutic trials in experimental animals have led to a similar conclusion.However, attempts to cor- relate the response of the patient with the concen- tration of the sulfonamide in the body fluids have not met with much success.It is not surprising, therefore, that divergence of opinion exists as to the importance of this aspect of sulfonamide therapy.The belief widely held among clinicians and reflected in some reviews (1) is that the concen- tration of sulfonamide in blood is not of critical significance in treatment of many infections.However, there is general agreement that con- centration of sulfonamide in body fluids is a fac- tor of considerable importance in the treatment of meningococcic meningitis, a view shared by those (1) who question the importance of meas- urement of drug concentration in other infections.Recent reviews (2, 3) have advocated the mainte- nance in meningitis therapy of blood levels of 10 to 15 mgm.per 100 ml. for sulfanilamide or sulfadiazine.Lower levels have been found to give satisfactory results when sulfathiazole was used (4).It is the purpose of the present paper to evaluate the response of patients suffering from meningo- coccic meningitis to treatment with a highly effec- tive sulfonamide, sulfamerazine (methyl sulfadi- azine, 2-sulfanilamido-4-methyl-pyrimidine), with particular reference to the concentration of this '
Immunocytology Is a Strong Predictor of Bladder Cancer Presence in Patients With Painless Hematuria: A Multicentre Study
Authors: Eugene K. Cha, Lenuta-Ancuta Tirsar, Christian Schwentner, Paul J. Christos, Christine Mian, Joerg Hennenlotter, Thomas Martini, Arnulf Stenzl, Armin Pycha, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Bernd J. Schmitz-Dräger
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Gastrointestinal Endoscopes
Authors: William A. Rutala, David J. Weber
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Lauren Epstein, MD, MSc; Jennifer C. Hunter, DrPH; M. Allison Arwady, MD; Victoria Tsai, MPH; Linda Stein, MPH; Marguerite Gribogiannis, MPA; Mabel Frias, MPH; Alice Y. Guh, MD; Alison S. Laufer, PhD; Stephanie Black, MD; Massimo Pacilli, MS; Heather Moulton-Meissner, PhD; J. Kamile Rasheed, PhD; Johannetsy J. Avillan, BS; Brandon Kitchel, MS; Brandi M. Limbago, PhD; Duncan MacCannell, PhD; David Lonsway, PhD; Judith Noble-Wang, PhD; Judith Conway, RN; Craig Conover, MD; Michael Vernon, DrPH; Alexander J. Kallen, MD
Abstract 1319: Vulnerability and resistance in glioblastoma to G2-specific drugs
Authors: Harshil D. Dhruv, Andrew D. Nelson, Brock Armstrong, Julie L. Boerner, Jann N. Sarkaria, Nhan L. Tran, Michael Berens
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and most lethal primary malignant brain tumor, affecting 25,000 patients per year. Approximately 87% of GBMs have abnormalities in the p53 pathway that affects G2 checkpoint. In the absence of p53, Wee1 kinase has been shown to regulate G2 checkpoint upon chemotherapeutic insult. Wee1 inhibits CDC2 function, thereby promoting G2 phase cell cycle arrest, thus preventing damaged cells from entering into premature mitosis without repairing the DNA. We hypothesize that in p53-deficient tumor cells, inhibitors of Wee1 would be effective to heighten DNA damage due to genetic and pharmacologic loss of both the G1 and G2 checkpoints, respectively. MK-1775 (Merck) is a potent and selective small molecule inhibitor of the Wee1 kinase that has demonstrated enhanced cytotoxic effect in combination with several chemotherapeutic agents in preclinical studies in vitro and in vivo. Here, we selected an array of short term cultures of glioma patient derived xenograft (PDX) models (GBM12, GBM43, GBM79, GBM84) and long term established glioma cell lines (U87, SF767, T98G) with aberrant and wild type G1 checkpoint pathways and investigated cytotoxic effects of MK-1775 as a single agent and in combination with Temozolomide (TMZ). Our results demonstrated differential sensitivity to MK-1775 and TMZ as single agents for different glioma cell lines in vitro. However, no correlation between MK-1775, TMZ sensitivity and p53 status of the cell lines was observed. Combination therapy with MK-1775 and TMZ showed a synergistic effect for one PDX model, GBM43, with combination index (CI) of 0.4. Combination therapy of all other glioma cell lines either showed an additive effect or antagonistic effect with CI of &amp;gt;0.75 irrespective of their p53 status. Our results demonstrated that synergistic effects of MK-1775 in combination with chemotherapy (TMZ) are not solely dependent on p53 status of glioma cells and require a more comprehensivce understanding of the molecular mechanism that dictates GBM's dependence on Wee1 for escaping DNA damage therapy. Supported by the Ben &amp; Catherine Ivy Foundation Citation Format: Harshil D. Dhruv, Andrew D. Nelson, Brock Armstrong, Julie L. Boerner, Jann N. Sarkaria, Nhan L. Tran, Michael Berens. Vulnerability and resistance in glioblastoma to G2-specific drugs. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1319. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1319
Fluids and Electrolytes in the Surgical Patient
Authors: John H. Wulsin
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This fourth edition of a popular, serviceable manual begins, "This book was written primarily for junior house staff members who are beginning surgical training." Changes from previous editions are not major. Encouragingly concise and brief, the logically allotted chapters cover normal needs, volume changes, tonicity, electrolytes, acid base balance, nutrition, and a final plan of therapy. An excellent short index follows. Throughout the text are a series of inviting, personable tables written in hand script, as though drawn by you, the reader, and the diagrams are linear sketches in beckoning style. The type resembles that from an ordinary typewriter and is laid out spaciously. The lightweight volume of some 240 pages carries a flexible cover but is somewhat too wide to fit in your coat pocket. The author, professor of surgery and associate dean of academic affairs at the University of Texas, San Antonio, covers the subject in direct, clear
Aortic Pressures during Closed-Chest Cardiac Massage
Authors: VICTOR GUREWICH, ARTHUR A. SASAHARA, JAMES S. QUINN, CATHERINE J. PEFFER, DAVID LITTMANN
Journal: Circulation (1961)

A case of ventricular fibrillation is presented which occurred during retrograde left heart catheterization and preparation for aortography. Direct arterial pressures were recorded from a catheter in the abdominal aorta during closed-chest cardiac massage. These indicated that substantial blood pressures can be readily produced by this simple and practical method.
Reduced mucosal antimicrobial activity in Crohn's disease of the colon
Authors: S. Nuding, K. Fellermann, J. Wehkamp, E. F Stange
Journal: Gut (2007)

<b>Objectives:</b> In order to maintain the mucosal barrier against luminal microorganisms the intestinal epithelial cells synthesise various broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides including defensins and cathelicidins. Recent studies indicate that both may be deficient in Crohn's disease. To elucidate the possible functional consequences of this deficiency antimicrobial activity in colonic mucosa from patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy controls was investigated. <b>Methods:</b> A flow cytometric assay was established to quantitate bacterial killing and test the antibacterial activity of cationic peptide extracts from colonic biopsies taken from patients with active or inactive ileocolonic or colonic Crohn's disease (n = 22), ulcerative colitis (n = 29) and controls (n = 13) against clinical isolates of <i>Bacteroides vulgatus</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> or the reference strains <i>Escherichia coli</i> American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 25922 and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ATCC 25923. <b>Results:</b> Compared with controls and ulcerative colitis there was a reduced antimicrobial effect in Crohn's disease extracts that was most evident against <i>B. vulgatus</i>. The antimicrobial effect against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>E. faecalis</i> was significantly lower in Crohn's disease compared with ulcerative colitis. Activity against <i>S. aureus</i> disclosed a similar pattern, but was less pronounced. The differences were independent of the inflammation status or concurrent steroid treatment. Bacteria incubated with biopsy extracts from ulcerative colitis patients frequently showed a characteristic change in cell size and granularity, compatible with more extensive membrane disintegration, compared with bacteria incubated with extracts from controls or Crohn's disease. <b>Conclusion:</b> Crohn's disease of the colon is characterized by a diminished functional antimicrobial activity that is consistent with the reported low antibacterial peptide expression.
Ethics and decision making in end stage lung disease
Authors: A K Simonds
Journal: Thorax (2003)

Most physicians believe they do more good than harm, and these duties of helping and not harming the patient are rooted in the Hippocratic oath, the good Samaritan tradition, and the Order of the Knight Hospitallers founded in the 11th century to care for pilgrims and those wounded in the Crusades.<sup>1</sup> In recent times the simple principles of beneficence and non-maleficence have been augmented and sometimes challenged by a rising awareness of patient/consumer rights, and the public expectation of greater involvement in medical, social and scientific affairs which affect them. In a publicly funded healthcare system in which rationing (explicit or otherwise) is inevitable, the additional concepts of utility and distributive justice can easily come into conflict with the individual's right to autonomy. Possible treatment options for end stage lung disease include transplantation and long term invasive ventilation which are challenging in resource terms. Other interventions such as pulmonary rehabilitation and palliative care are relatively low cost but not uniformly accessible.
RARE MANIFESTATION OF DUAL ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE PHYSIOLOGY
Authors: Carlos R. Manrique, Nidhish Tiwari, Moustapha Atoui, Salim Baghdadi, Andrew Krumerman, Kevin Ferrick, Luigi Di Biase, John Fisher, Soo Gyum Kim, Jay Gross
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Allergic Contact Dermatitis to Diallyl Disulphide in Spain
Authors: J.L. Garcia-Abujeta, M. Ferrer, P. Gaig, C. Martinez-Cocera, A. Gonzalo-Garijo, M. Garces, F. Rodriguez, P. Iriarte, T. Soto, D. Muñoz, I. Sanchez, T. Lobera
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Closer working by GPs and social workers could save 1.6bn a year
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The Royal College of General Practitioners and the College of Social Work have set out how more integrated working by GPs and social workers could save the NHS and social care £1.6bn (€2bn; $2.6bn) a year.1

Better working relationships between GPs and social care could prevent 60 000 people a year from going into residential care, saving £600m in social care costs, and save the NHS £1bn a year, say researchers at the University of Birmingham and the consultancy iMPOWER.2

The researchers’ Home Truths project is looking at how closer working between GPs and social workers in …
Pupil Size in Psychoneurotic Patients
Authors: A. Liakos, A.H. Crisp
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1971)

A significant relationship has previously been demonstrated [Liakos, 1969] between pupil size (corrected for iris size) and 'neuroticism' as measured by the EPI. A subsequent attempt has been made in a pilot study to examine the above pupil sizes in relation to standardized measures of clinical subcategories of psychoneurotic disorders (MHQ). Twenty-four patients with psychoneurotic disorders and 13 'normal' subjects comparable in age and sex were examined in this. 'Static' pupil size was found to correlate highly with 'anxiety' scores in 'normal' subjects but not at all in 'neurotic' subjects. Correlations between 'static' pupil size and phobic, obsessional, psychosomatic and depressive scores were wide ranging and not significant with the small numbers studied. These findings must be regarded with caution and require further testing on larger numbers of subjects. It is suggested that the MHQ may provide a useful psychometric tool in psychophysiological and psychosomatic research.
Screening for Osteoporosis
Authors: Susan M. Ott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections1 August 1990Screening for OsteoporosisSusan M. OttSusan M. OttSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-3-256_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: The recent paper on screening for osteoporosis by Melton and colleagues (1) was an excellent review of the existing data. Their estimates of the effectiveness of screening are based on some assumptions that are reasonable but unproven, and I think two of these deserve further emphasis.One assumption is that the 50% reduction in the lifetime risk for hip fracture is independent of the initial bone density. The retrospective, case-controlled studies that demonstrate this did not take bone mass into consideration. It is possible that the estrogen had the greatest effect in those women with bone density...References1. MeltonEddyJohnston LDC. Screening for osteoporosis. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:516-28. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Barrett-Connor E. Postmenopausal estrogens: current prescribing patterns of San Diego gynecologists. West J Med. 1986;144:620-1. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. FergusonHoeghJohnson KCS. Estrogen replacement therapy. A survey of women's knowledge and attitudes. Arch Intern Med. 1989; 149:133-6. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Washington Medical Center Seattle, WA 98195 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPopulation screening for osteoporosis to prevent fractures. 1 August 1990Volume 113, Issue 3Page: 256-256KeywordsBoneBone densityEstrogensHip fracturesOsteoporosisRetrospective studies Issue Published: 1 August 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
Radiation Hazards
Authors: O. S. Peterson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

BEFORE one may intelligently discuss or understand the problem of radiation hazards some basic knowledge of the nature of radiation, its manner of absorption and biologic effect must be possessed.Nature of Matter and RadiationThe roentgen (r)† is a unit indicating the amount of radiation exposure required to produce certain measurable physical effects. It was originally defined in terms of the amount of x-radiation required to ionize a specific quantity of air under specific conditions. Since then the definition has been expanded to include ionization resulting from x-rays, gamma rays or corpuscular radiations such as alpha, beta and other . . .
NHS "reform" in England: where is the public interest?
Authors: D. J. Hunter, G. H. Williams
Journal: BMJ (2012)

If the main political conflict of the 20th century was about regulation and the role of the state, that of the 21st century is about deregulation and the role of the market.1 Whereas the welfare state embraced the role of government, the market state is sceptical of government and favours competition and choice. The debate over the fate of the NHS in England, triggered by the government’s determination to replace a largely publicly provided service with an increasingly privatised one driven by competition, is a microcosm of the wider conflict between the welfare state and the market state. What has been described as 30 years of “market triumphalism” has embedded the assumption that government is the problem and markets are the main instrument for achieving the common good.2

The secretary of state for health asserts that “individual creativity and innovation is best supported by competition” [which] “is a critical element of healthcare system reform.”3 This shift from public to private provision lies at the heart of the Health and Social Care Bill which, though bloodied, remains unbowed as it drags its way through …
Interaction between smoking and the glycoprotein IIIa P1A2polymorphism in Non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes
Authors: Khalid Barakat, Simon Kennon, Graham A Hitman, Ebun Aganna, Christopher P Price, Peter G Mills, Kulasegaram Ranjadayalan, Bernard North, Heather Clarke, Adam D Timmis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2001)
Registering Findings From Deep Brain Stimulation—Reply
Authors: Thomas E. Schlaepfer, Joseph J. Fins
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Wilms's Tumor: A Review of 47 Cases
Authors: Raymond C. Kinzel
Journal: JAMA (1960)

In a review of 47 cases of histologically proved Wilms's tumor encountered in the period 1941-1955, several factors emerged as relevant to the prognosis. Tumor thrombi in renal veins, capsular involvement, size of tumor, and percentage of renal tissue replaced by tumor influenced the chance of survival unfavorably. The most important factor was age. Nine out of 15 patients (67%) under 2 years of age, but only 4 out of 32 (13%) patients 2 years of age or older survived 5 years or more. Out of 21 patients who received preoperative radiation, nephrectomy and postoperative radiation, 12 (57%) survived 3 or more years. The excretory urographic examination was considered an adequate diagnostic tool in the majority of cases.