tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Beta-adrenergic receptor-G protein-adenylate cyclase complex in experimental canine congestive heart failure produced by rapid ventricular pacing.
Authors: K P Marzo, M J Frey, J R Wilson, B T Liang, D R Manning, V Lanoce, P B Molinoff
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

Changes in the beta-adrenergic receptor-G protein-adenylate cyclase complex were investigated in an experimental canine model of low-output heart failure produced by chronic rapid ventricular pacing. The contractile response occurring after exposure to the beta-adrenergic agonist dobutamine, measured as peak left ventricular + dP/dt, was decreased after 3 weeks of pacing. To further characterize the diminished functional responsiveness to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation, beta-adrenergic receptor-adenylate cyclase coupling was investigated using membranes prepared from both control and paced animals. The density of beta-adrenergic receptors was decreased by 40% with a selective downregulation of the beta 1-subtype. The affinity of the receptor for the antagonist radioligand [125I]iodocyanopindolol remained unchanged. A defect in coupling was suggested by a decreased ability of isoproterenol, fluoride, and forskolin to stimulate adenylate cyclase in membranes prepared from failing hearts. Determination of the levels of Gi alpha (the alpha-subunit of Gi) by immunoblotting and pertussis toxin labeling revealed modest increases of approximately 30%. Furthermore, Mn2+ and purified Gs failed to stimulate adenylate cyclase in membranes prepared from failing hearts, indicating an impairment in the catalytic moiety of adenylate cyclase itself or in the ability of adenylate cyclase to couple to Gs. In contrast, complementation assay did not reveal differences in the functional activity of Gs alpha (the alpha-subunit of Gs). Taken together, these data demonstrate a selective decrease in the beta 1-subtype of adrenergic receptors and an increase in a 40-kd G1-like protein in the failing heart. Similar changes have been described in human idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. In addition to these changes, we identified a possible defect at the level of the catalytic subunit of adenylate cyclase.
Tailor data collection to needs
Authors: E. Brown, T. Evans, G. Hewett
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—Our experience in a fundholding practice involved in needs assessment confirms John Shanks and colleagues' views that, to inform purchasing at practice level, needs assessment should combine epidemiological data with an analysis of the views of the primary health care team, other service providers, and users.1 We have also found that routine epidemiological data need modification to make them appropriate to the purchasing process.

With the extension of fundholding to include community nursing services, practices were allocated a budget for whole time …
European evaluation concludes third generation pills are associated with a small increase in risk of venous thromboembolism
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Women using “third generation” oral contraceptives have a small increase in risk of venous thromboembolism compared with those taking products containing levonorgestrel, but the overall risk is very low with any oral contraceptives, a report published last week by the European Agency for the Evaluation of Medicinal Products has concluded.

The agency report, produced by the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products, was based on an ongoing review of the risk of venous thromboembolism. It began in 1995 after three independent epidemiological studies showed an increased risk of venous thromboembolism associated with the use of third generation combined oral contraceptives, containing desogestrel or gestodene, compared with combined pills …
Genomic analysis of Bartonella identifies type IV secretion systems as host adaptability factors
Authors: Henri L Saenz, Philipp Engel, Michèle C Stoeckli, Christa Lanz, Günter Raddatz, Muriel Vayssier-Taussat, Richard Birtles, Stephan C Schuster, Christoph Dehio
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
247 Acute resolving infection after E1 but not after E2 prophylactic vaccination and heterologous challenge with 100 CID of HCV subtype 1B strain HC-J4
Authors: E DEPLA, G MARES, S PRIEM, E VERSCHOOR, B VERSTREPEN, J DREXHAGE, J HEENEY, G MAERTENS
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
Adenosine release and high energy phosphates in intact dog hearts during norepinephrine infusion.
Authors: M W Gorman, X H Ning, M X He, M A Portman, H V Sparks
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

Cardiac adenosine release is thought to depend on the oxygen supply/demand ratio, and this effect may be mediated by changes in high energy phosphate concentrations. Previous studies supporting this hypothesis have been done primarily in isolated hearts. We tested this hypothesis in intact dog hearts. Anesthetized, open-chest dogs were placed in a 4.7-T magnet where 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectra were acquired via a surface coil over the heart at 2-minute intervals (60 scans, 2-second interpulse delay). Coronary sinus flow was shunted through a flow probe and returned via a jugular vein. After a control period, intracoronary norepinephrine was infused (12 micrograms/min) for 16 minutes and plasma samples were taken every 5 minutes. The phosphocreatine/ATP peak area ratio was used as an index of high energy phosphate changes. During norepinephrine infusion, arterial pressure, heart rate, coronary sinus flow, oxygen consumption, and adenosine release all increased significantly. Adenosine release peaked at 5 minutes but remained elevated after 15 minutes. There was a transient fall in the phosphocreatine/ATP ratio (9.2 +/- 3.1%, p less than 0.05) during the first 7 minutes, but the ratio returned to control levels by 9 minutes. The oxygen supply/consumption ratio increased after 5 minutes of norepinephrine infusion and then returned to control levels. We conclude that during norepinephrine infusion in vivo, persistent adenosine release can occur with only small transient changes in high energy phosphate concentrations and with no decrease in the oxygen supply/demand ratio.
Ovarian F-18 FDG Uptake in a Premenopausal Woman
Authors: Seung Jin Choi, In Young Hyun
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2006)

F-18 deoxyfluoroglucose (F-18 FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is a sensitive method for diagnosis and follow up of malignancy. Although F-18 FDG accumulates in malignant lesions, it is also retained in a number of normal organs. A 38-year-old woman had cancer screening with PET/CT. Increased uptake in the ovary was incidentally detected. The F-18 FDG uptake was found to have disappeared on a follow-up scan after her subsequent menstruation. Physiological uptake can be found around the time of ovulation and during the early luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in a premenopausal woman. If physiological uptake is suspicious, follow-up PET/CT just after the next menstruation will be helpful. The authors present a case of incidental ovarian F-18 FDG uptake on PET-CT.
Renin-Angiotensin System Antagonists and Mortality in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Gregg C. Fonarow, Ali Ahmed
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
FURTHER INVESTIGATIONS REGARDING THE ETIOLOGY OF TABARDILLO, MEXICAN TYPHUS FEVER
Authors: H. T. RICKETTS
Journal: JAMA (1910)

In a previous article<sup>1</sup>we have reported certain experiments which indicated the rôle of the body louse<i>(Pediculus vestamenti)</i>in the transmission of Mexican typhus fever. Since that date we have been able to confirm the results of our first investigations, and also to obtain certain other experimental data concerning the etiology of this disease. The experiments which we wish to report at present<sup>2</sup>relate to the hereditary transmission of the infectivity of the louse and the possible rôle of the bedbug and the flea in the transmission of typhus. <h3>HEREDITARY TRANSMISSION OF THE INFECTIVITY OF THE LOUSE</h3> The following experiment was undertaken with a view to determining whether the young of infected lice were themselves infected. The adult louse contains in its ovaries many mature eggs. These eggs are covered with a compact shell which we thought might prove impermeable to micro-organisms. Hence it was decided to
Limitations of the double sucrose gap voltage clamp technique in tension-voltage determinations on frog atrial muscle.
Authors: M Tarr, J W Trank
Journal: Circulation Research (1976)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the limitations of the double sucrose gap voltage clamp technique in the determination of tension-voltage relationships for frog atrial muscle. Tension-voltage relationships were determined under two conditions. In one case we determined both the tension response and slow inward current associated with an apparent step depolarization (step-clamp) as a function of the magnitude of the step depolarization. In the second case, an action potential was elicited, the voltage clamp was applied early during the plateau phase of the action potential, and the tension response was determined as a function of the clamp potential (action potential-clamp). Under both step-clamp and action potential-clamp conditions, the waveform of the tension response rose to a peak value (Tp) and then decayed with time to a tension that was maintained for the duration of the depolarization. The Tp-clamp potential relationships obtained under step-clamp and action potential-clamp conditions were similar. Microelectrode measurements of transmembrane potential of cells in the "voltage-clamped" region of the preparation demonstrated the lack of temporal and spatial voltage control under both step-clamp and action potential-clamp conditions, and also demonstrated that acquisition of spatial voltage control occurred at about the same time that the tension response reached its peak value. These data indicate that this voltage clamp technique does not allow an accurate determination of the so-called phasic tension-voltage relationship in frog atrial muscle because of a lack of temporal and spatial control of voltage during the rising phase of the tension response.
NF-κB activation in non-parenchymal liver cells after partial hepatectomy in rats: possible involvement in expression of heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor
Authors: Shigeru Sakuda, Shinji Tamura, Akira Yamada, Jun-Ichiro Miyagawa, Koji Yamamoto, Shinichi Kiso, Nobuyuki Ito, Shigeki Higashiyama, Naoyuki Taniguchi, Sumio Kawata, Yuji Matsuzawa
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Preventing cardiovascular disease in primary care
Authors: L. Toop, D. Richards
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Primary care p 269 

The United Kingdom's national service framework for cardiovascular disease1 is one year old. It describes an ambitious list of standards, milestones, and performance indicators against which the NHS will be held to account. It requires primary care to identify and institute preventive strategies not only for people with established ischaemic heart disease but also for those with a 30% 10 year cardiovascular risk. In this issue Hippisley-Cox and Pringle report a study of 18 computerised general practices to estimate the workload involved in meeting these expectations (p 269).2 Is it matched by the benefits gained?

Clearly, the increased workload for primary care is huge. In the absence of additional resources, how should this extra work be prioritised alongside everything else required of primary care? Apparently there will be more doctors and nurses,1 but given a global shortage where will they come from in the time frame of this framework? Without extra staffing the opportunity costs will be high, so which existing activities should stop?

Most general practitioners accept the desirability of working towards systematic evidence based management of patients with established ischaemic heart disease. Hippisley-Cox …
REPORT OF A CASE OF MALIGNANT GROWTH IN THE LARYNX; TOTAL EXTIRPATION, SOLIS-COHEN METHOD.
Authors: ROBERT C. MYLES
Journal: JAMA (1898)

James Eckersley, age 49, machinist, worker in the emery room of a sewing machine factory, was sent to me Aug. 7, 1896, for diagnosis and opinion concerning the condition of his throat. He complained of loss of voice, sore throat, sore chest, cough, difficulty in breathing, poor appetite, weakness and night sweats. The cough had troubled him from time to time, for thirteen years. He was able to sing up to three months since; then he became hoarse, and has remained so up to date. I found a large growth in the larynx, which was attached to the right vocal chord and the adjacent anterior and inferior parts, and extended across the anterior commissure. The larynx was dilated to an extreme degree by the formation. There was a small opening in the respiratory space between the arytenoids, and there were two abrasions on the top of the tumor, apparently caused
Mapping choice in the NHS: Authors' reply
Authors: Carol Propper, Michael Damiani, Jennifer Dixon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—The facilities marked on the maps are trust headquarters, so fewer hospital locations are marked on the maps than there are hospitals dealing with acute conditions. We marked only headquarters because some of the administrative data we use (beds, waiting times) are available at trust level alone. Some data were missing for a few trusts undergoing change.

We do not consider that using trust data seriously alters our analyses or our …
Electronic Alcohol Screening and Brief Interventions
Authors: Timothy S. Naimi, Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Peptidyl-Prolyl Isomerase Pin1 Regulates Cytokinesis through Cep55
Authors: Armando van der Horst, Kum Kum Khanna
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Failure of cytokinesis results in tetraploidy and can increase the genomic instability frequently observed in cancer. The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1, which is deregulated in many tumors, regulates several processes, including cell cycle progression. Here, we show a novel role for Pin1 in cytokinesis. Pin1 knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts show a cytokinesis delay, and depletion of Pin1 from HeLa cells also causes a cytokinesis defect. Furthermore, we provide evidence that Pin1 localizes to the midbody ring and regulates the final stages of cytokinesis by binding to centrosome protein 55 kDa (Cep55), an essential component of this ring. This interaction induces Polo-like kinase 1-mediated phosphorylation of Cep55, which is critical for the function of Cep55 during cytokinesis. Importantly, Pin1 knockdown does not enhance the cytokinesis defect in Cep55-depleted cells, indicating that Pin1 and Cep55 act in the same pathway. These data are the first evidence that Pin1 regulates cytokinesis and may provide a mechanistic explanation as to how pathologic levels of Pin1 can stimulate tumorigenesis.
Regular moderate exercise reduces advanced glycation and ameliorates early diabetic nephropathy in obese Zucker rats
Authors: Peter Boor, Peter Celec, Michal Behuliak, Peter Grančič, Anton Kebis, Marián Kukan, Nadežda Pronayová, Tibor Liptaj, Tammo Ostendorf, Katarína Šebeková
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Free birth control cuts rates of unwanted pregnancies and abortions in US
Authors: B. Roehr
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<h3>OBJECTIVE:</h3> With the availability of routine serological diagnosis of all the major forms of viral hepatitis, namely, A, B, C, D, E consequent to initiation of National Viral Hepatitis Surveillance, the twin objective of the study was to assess the trend of various types of viral hepatitis and analyze the profile of the patients in the region of Al Dakhliya. <h3>METHODS:</h3> A one year prospective cohort, of all the suspects of viral hepatitis enrolled from 01/08/2003 to 31/07/2004 involving all health facilities (a total of 18 health institutions) of Dakhliya region, Sultanate of Oman, was subjected to centralized laboratory confirmation. Notification of viral hepatitis confirmed cases was the tool for analysis. A subset of unconfirmed viral hepatitis cases that were admitted and discharged from the referral hospital were retrieved and analyzed utilizing their computerized hospital records. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> There was a shift of incidence of hepatitis B towards higher age groups (32.4 ± 16.2 years) with only one case under 15 years of age (p&lt;0.0001). While as under 15 year age group was less prone to hepatitis C (p&lt;0.05), it had a high incidence for hepatitis A with mean age 11.4 ± 13.9 years (p&lt;0.01). Hepatitis E incidence had a higher mean age of 44.6 ± 24.1 years with insignificant linear trend (p&gt;0.05). <h3>CONCLUSION:</h3> Progress in decline of viral hepatitis B has occurred at a rapid pace during the last decade following successful intervention of immunization against hepatitis with an almost 100% coverage. Affliction of younger age groups to hepatitis A is indicative of continued transmission of the disease in the community demanding improvements in preventive practices to curb any impending outbreak.
Chelation Therapy for Arteriosclerosis
Authors: Alfred Soffer
Journal: JAMA (1975)

SOME profess that a certain intravenously administered colorless compound is the elixir of youth. Chelation therapy with edetate disodium (EDTA) solution is described in tones of evangelical fervor in a brochure from a medical clinic: Chelation therapy for hardening of the arteries is a special treatment given by licensed medical doctors for the relief of poor circulation that has been caused by hardening of the arteries (arteriosclerosis, atherosclerosis). The results... are often life-saving and sometimes miraculous.... Each two- to four-hour treatment costs between $20 and $100 depending on the clinic. Each patient requires anywhere between 5 and 30 treatments, often closer to 30. More people aren't doing this treatment... [because] the medical profession is very slow to change and the drug industry directs its efforts to encourage those treatments which will be more profitable to the industry. There are several sites in the United States and Canada
Women Scientists in America: Struggles and Strategies to 1940
Authors: Regina Markell Morantz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In 1910, James McKeen Cattell, a professor of sociology at Columbia University  an editor of Science , published the second edition of his biographical directory, American Men of Science . Although the number of women contributing to science had jumped one third since the publication of the first edition four years earlier, Cattell remained struck by women's low performance (1.8% ranked in the top 1,000). Rather than conclude that something in the American cultural environment favored the exclusion of women from scientific endeavor, Cattell suggested, not untypically for a biologically oriented sociologist, that women's poor showing indicated the genetic inferiority of the female sex. There does not appear to be any social prejudice against women engaging in scientific work, he wrote, and it is difficult to avoid the conclusion that there is an innate sexual disqualification.  Readers of Margaret Rossiter's fine  meticulously researched book Women Scientists in America will never
A Randomized Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of a Low–Glycemic Index Diet on Pregnancy Outcomes in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Tania P. Markovic, Nimalie Perera, Deborah Foote, Peter Petocz, Glynis P. Ross, Jennie C. Brand-Miller
Journal: Diabetes Care (2011)

The prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is rising. There is little evidence to demonstrate the effectiveness of one dietary therapy over another. We aimed to investigate the effect of a low-glycemic index (LGI) versus a conventional high-fiber diet on pregnancy outcomes, neonatal anthropometry, and maternal metabolic profile in GDM.Ninety-nine women (age 26-42 years; mean ± SD prepregnancy BMI 24 ± 5 kg/m²) diagnosed with GDM at 20-32 weeks' gestation were randomized to follow either an LGI (n = 50; target glycemic index [GI] ~50) or a high-fiber moderate-GI diet (HF) (n = 49; target GI ~60). Dietary intake was assessed by 3-day food records. Pregnancy outcomes were collected from medical records.The LGI group achieved a modestly lower GI than the HF group (mean ± SEM 47 ± 1 vs. 53 ± 1; P < 0.001). At birth, there was no significant difference in birth weight (LGI 3.3 ± 0.1 kg vs. HF 3.3 ± 0.1 kg; P = 0.619), birth weight centile (LGI 52.5 ± 4.3 vs. HF 52.2 ± 4.0; P = 0.969), prevalence of macrosomia (LGI 2.1% vs. HF 6.7%; P = 0.157), insulin treatment (LGI 53% vs. HF 65%; P = 0.251), or adverse pregnancy outcomes.In intensively monitored women with GDM, an LGI diet and a conventional HF diet produce similar pregnancy outcomes.
"Do not resuscitate" orders.
Authors: N. J. Dudley
Journal: BMJ (1992)

collected prospectively.After straightforward vaginal hysterectomy we may not need to keep patients in hospital routinely for nearly a week and women may not need to be offwork for as long as is traditional.The introduction of new techniques of treating dysfunctional bleeding may therefore usefully provoke a critical re-evaluation of estab- lished alternatives.