tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Understanding the dendritic cell lineage through a study of cytokine receptors.
Authors: E Kämpgen, F Koch, C Heufler, A Eggert, L L Gill, S Gillis, S K Dower, N Romani, G Schuler
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Dendritic cells form a system of antigen presenting cells that are specialized to stimulate T lymphocytes, including quiescent T cells. The lineage of dendritic cells is not fully characterized, although prior studies have shown that growth and differentiation are controlled by cytokines, particularly granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). To further elucidate the nature and control of the dendritic cell lineage, we have studied the expression of specific cytokine receptors. Sufficient numbers of dendritic cells were purified from spleen and skin to do quantitative binding studies with radiolabeled M-CSF, GM-CSF, and interleukin 1 (IL-1). To verify the nonlymphoid nature of dendritic cells, we made an initial search for rearrangements in T cell receptor and immunoglobulin genes and none were found. M-CSF binding sites, a property of mononuclear phagocytes, also were absent. In contrast, GM-CSF receptors were abundant on mature dendritic cells, with approximately 3,000 binding sites/cell with a single Kd of 500-1,000 pM. Substantial numbers of high affinity (&amp;lt; 100 pM) IL-1 binding sites were identified as well; cultured epidermal dendritic cells (i.e., epidermal Langerhans cells) had 500/cell and spleen dendritic cells approximately 70/cell. Cross-linking approaches showed the 80-kD species that is expected of high-affinity type 1 IL-1 receptor. Anti-type 1 IL-1 receptor (R) mAbs also visualized these receptors by flow cytometry on freshly isolated epidermal dendritic cells. These results provide new evidence that dendritic cells represent a differentiation pathway distinct from lymphocytes and monocytes. Together with recent findings on the effects of IL-1 and GM-CSF on epidermal dendritic cells in situ (see Results and Discussion), the data lead to a proposal whereby IL-1 signals IL-1R to upregulate GM-CSF receptors and thereby, the observed responsiveness of dendritic cells to GM-CSF for growth, viability, and function.
DERMATITIS EXFOLIATIVA NEONATORUM.
Authors: WILLIAM M. BROWN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

That this is a rare condition may be inferred from the little that is known of it and its cause. In reporting a case before the Rochester Academy of Medicine in 1904 I stated then that it was the only one I had ever seen. Dr. Rotch, in his book, says: "I have myself seen but one case in which it seemed to me that this diagnosis of dermatitis exfoliativa neonatorum could reasonably be made." Since making that report several other cases have come under my observation attended by such dramatic conditions as to bring the subject more vividly to the minds of those interested than any words of a reader could, and as the number of those who had the opportunity to observe them was limited, I am constrained to make this additional report at this time. Exfoliating dermatitis in the new born is a definite affection which was
Relationship Between Local Atrial Fibrillation Interval and Refractory Period in the Isolated Canine Atrium
Authors: Ki-Bong Kim, Mark D. Rodefeld, Richard B. Schuessler, James L. Cox, John P. Boineau
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Atrial refractory periods and their spatial distribution are important determinants of atrial reentrant arrhythmias. The objective of this study was to demonstrate a correlation between the local atrial fibrillation interval (AFI) and local effective refractory period (ERP). Methods and Results To measure the local ERP and local AFI under stable conditions without hemodynamic, autonomic, or reflex influences, isolated perfused canine whole atria were used (n=8). The isolated atria were mounted on two endocardial electrodes. Bipolar electrograms were simultaneously recorded from 253 endocardial sites, and 16 to 20 randomly distributed electrodes were used to measure the local ERP by the extrastimulus technique. In all studies, several episodes of AF were induced by a single extrastimulus. The ERP and minimum AFI converged with increasing duration of AF. The convergence was more rapid if the total duration of AF analyzed came from multiple episodes of AF. The correlation coefficient between the local ERP and minimum local AFI was .92 (n=119, P &lt;.001). The minimum AFI was used to construct AFI distribution maps at all 253 sites. Activation block during premature stimulation correlated with regions of long AFI. Conclusions The minimum local AFI measured from at least 10 seconds of AF approximates the local ERP. Construction of a minimum local AFI map during AF can be used to predict the distribution of refractoriness and can be used to predict sites of functional block. Contrary to studies done in intact animals and patients, the AFI were longer than the ERPs, suggesting that reflex changes may shorten ERP in the intact heart.
IL-4 and IL-13 induce Lsk, a Csk-like tyrosine kinase, in human monocytes.
Authors: T Musso, L Varesio, X Zhang, T K Rowe, P Ferrara, J R Ortaldo, J J O'Shea, D W McVicar
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Lsk is a protein tyrosine kinase with homology to the COOH-terminal Src kinase (Csk). Unlike Csk that is ubiquitously expressed, Lsk has limited tissue distribution. Here we have examined the expression and regulation of Lsk and Csk in peripheral human monocytes. We have found that Lsk mRNA and protein were not expressed in resting monocytes but were induced by treatment with interleukin 4 (IL-4) or IL-13 but not by interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) or IL-2. In fact, IFN-gamma, but not IL-2, efficiently blocked Lsk induction by IL-4 or IL-13. In contrast, Csk was constitutively present in human monocytes and was upregulated by IFN-gamma but not by IL-4 or IL-13. These results suggest that despite their structural similarities, Lsk and Csk may play distinct regulatory roles in monocyte functions elicited by cytokines, with Lsk functioning specifically within the context of a Th2-type immune response.
LONG-TERM PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF CORONARY ARTERY CALCIUM SCORES IN WOMEN AND MEN WITH A LOW-INTERMEDIATE FRAMINGHAM RISK SCORE
Authors: Anita A. Kelkar, Joseph Knapper, Michael Blaha, Faisal Khosa, Daniel Berman, Matthew Budoff, Tracy Callister, James Min, Leslee Shaw
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Childhood asthma: what is it and where is it going?
Authors: G Christie, P Helms
Journal: Thorax (1995)

Childhood asthma: what is it and where is it going?Increases in childhood asthma have become a major public health concern.The last 20 years have seen significant rises in the prevalence of wheezing,' exercise-induced peak flow variability,2 and asthma diagnosis3 in several western countries.45Many studies have shown lower respiratory symptoms, principally wheeze and cough, to be common on July 14, 2023 by guest.
New Advances in Objective Audiometry
Authors: Manuel Don
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE NEED for objective procedures to test auditory function in infants, children, and adults has long been recognized. The search for objective measures to augment and replace standard audiological methods requiring subjective responses has led to the development and use of electrodermal, electroencephalic (cortex-evoked response), electrocochleographic, and impedance audiometry.<sup>1-4</sup>The electrodermal or galvanic skin response (GSR) audiometric technique has been generally abandoned because of the "... unspecificity of the stimulus and the resulting inaccuracy of the response"<sup>5</sup>and the hazards of passing electrical currents through the body.<sup>1</sup>Current techniques utilizing the other three methods provide either limited information or information that is often difficult to interpret. Recently, new objective audiometric procedures have been introduced. One procedure is a slight modification of the electroencephalic or cortex-evoked response method. Instead of measuring the long-latency potentials (generally more than 50 msec after stimulus onset) recorded from cortical areas, measurements are taken
Serum CTLA-4 and IL-10 in Hymenoptera Venom Immunotherapy. The Immunological Equivalence of Different Induction Protocols
Authors: A. Riccio, D. Saverino, G. Pesce, A. Rogkakou, M. Severino, P. Bonadonna, E. Ridolo, M. Mauro, M. Bagnasco, G. Canonica
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy of the Patello-Femoral Joint Diagnosis and Relevance
Authors: RAJESH MALHOTRA, SWINDER SINGH DHINGRA, AJIT KUMAR PADHY, RAKESH KUMAR, UMA RAVISHANKAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 30-year-old man had severe left anterior knee pain after a trivial injury. A three-phase bone scan diagnosed this condition to be reflex sympathetic dystrophy, which was subsequently confirmed by sympathetic blockade.
Calusterone in the Therapy for Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Gilbert S. Gordan
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Dr. Theodore J. Hahn, Fellow in Endocrinology, the Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, and Assistant in Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine: A 58-year-old Negro woman was hospitalized on July 9, 1970, for treatment of metastatic carcinoma of the breast. The patient had experienced a normal menopause at age 50 years. Four years later, she was found to have a mass in her right breast which at operation proved to be an adenocarcinoma with axillary metastases. She underwent a right radical mastectomy and cobalt 60 radiation therapy to the axilla. The only evidence of metastatic disease at that time was an osteoblastic lesion, 3×5 cm in size, in the head of the right femur. This area was irradiated with cobalt 60 and to date has not progressed. The patient had been subsequently asymptomatic until May 1970, when she began to have gradually ing dyspnea on exertion, orthopnea, nonproductive cough, and
Case of Foreign Body in the Ear Nearly Twenty Years
Authors: L. Holland
Journal: BMJ (1883)

BRTS.Fbl fisohargestiom the urethra.Organic stricture is also accompanied by profuse oozing.The cases which we call gleet, go oater many year, ate most difficult to cure, and are sometimes incurable:i The discharge in these instances, especially after much physical btkeition, unusual sexual indulgence, or alcoholic excesses, becomes distinctly purulent, even years after the original infection.There arei some men who, aftet any sexual intercourse, have discharge from the. urethra, which passes away in a few days without any treatment.It would appear to us that these facts indicate there are some mucous membranes which become so congested when stimulated, that they produce a mtuco-punrlent discharge, under sources of irri- tation which are not gonorrhceal in character, and this is what we find with other mucous surfaces.The conjunctiva in some instinces becomes congested, and pours out a copious secretion in a few hours, after being irritated by an external agent.The same ruile applies to the nose, the pharynx, and the bronchial tubes.If -we apply the same line of thought to the skin, we shall find some cuticles so sus- ceptible to external influences, that the east wind, the sun, soap, and, in one instance I have met with, even daylight, produce an acute eczematous condition.ShaU we doubt, then, that muco-purulent discharges, not distinguishable from gonorrhcea, do occurininstances where the irritation is not set up by specific pus-cells?It has often occurred to my mind, that the many remedies advocated for curing clap, have had their reputation based upon the treatment of cases which have been non-specific discharges; discharges which would recover under any line of therapeutics.
Exercise ability in survivors of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
Authors: S V Jacob, L C Lands, A L Coates, G M Davis, C F MacNeish, L Hornby, S P Riley, E W Outerbridge
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

There is limited information concerning the exercise performance of long-term survivors of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and much of what is available pertains to those with relatively mild disease. The present study was undertaken to describe exercise responses in patients with a history of severe BPD, defined as those patients with a clinical and radiographic diagnosis of BPD who required supplemental oxygen at least until they were 44 wk postconceptual age and who were discharged home on oxygen. Fifteen children with a history of severe BPD were matched for gestational age with 15 children who had previously had respiratory distress syndrome but who did not develop BPD (Prem). These Prem control children were subsequently compared with 13 healthy control children born at term (Control) who were of similar postnatal age. Participants underwent pulmonary function testing, progressive exercise testing on a cycle ergometer, and a steady-state exercise test with cardiac output determined by CO2-rebreathing. Despite the patients with BPD having a lower FEV1 than those in the Prem group, who had lower values than the Control group (BPD, 64 +/- 21%; Prem, 85 +/- 11%; Control, 95 +/- 8%), the exercise capacity did not differ between the BPD and the Prem and between the Prem and the Control groups (BPD, 84 +/- 15%; Prem, 81 +/- 17%; Control, 91 +/- 12%). However, the BPD patients used a greater percentage of their ventilatory reserve (VEmax/40 FEV1: BPD, 93 +/- 20%; Prem, 67 +/- 12%; Control, 59 +/- 13%). Of the four patients with BPD who had significant oxygen desaturation with exercise, three had the lowest values for FEV1. Cardiac output was appropriate for oxygen consumption in most patients.
Clinical value of serum immunoreactive trypsin concentration
Authors: B. M Frier
Journal: BMJ (1982)

<h3>Objective</h3> Female sex workers (FSWs) are vulnerable to human alphaherpesvirus 2 (HSV-2) infection due to their high numbers of sexual partners. The objective of this study was to evaluate the seroprevalence and risk behaviours associated with HSV-2. <h3>Methods</h3> A cross-sectional study was conducted in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. A total of 376 FSWs were recruited by respondent-driven sampling (RDS) methodology and answered an epidemiological questionnaire. Blood samples were collected to test for HSV-2 antibodies using commercial ELISA and for HSV-2 DNA using real-time PCR. <h3>Results</h3> The seropositivity was 47.3% (178/376) for HSV-2 IgG and 10.1% (38/376) for HSV-2 IgM. HSV-2 viraemia was detected in two infected FSWs with primary infections. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, the OR for HSV-2 IgG increased with age (OR=2.53–7.90, OR=2.66–6.37) and the number of sexual partners (OR=2.30–3.25). On the other hand, daily alcohol consumption (OR=0.10) and the use of condoms during the last intercourse (OR=0.47) were protective factors against HSV-2 acquisition. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Despite the impact of FSWs in public health policies with the dissemination of sexually transmitted infections, there have been few studies performed regarding the prevalence of HSV-2 in Brazil, making it difficult to implement any control or preventative measures. The results produced here using an RDS methodology demonstrated a high prevalence, risk behaviours and primary infection among the FSWs. These results reinforce the need to implement control and preventative measures for HSV-2 infection in this population.
278. Therapeutic Activities of IL-12 Gene- Modified Macrophages Embedded in Gelatin Matrix Hemostatic Sealant (FloSeal®) in a Mouse Model of Residual Prostate Cancer
Authors: Ken-ichi Tabata, Masami Watanabe, Takefumi Satoh, Wei-hau Tian, Hongyu Wang, ElMoataz Abdel Fattah, Guang Yang, Daniel Floryk, Dov Kadmon, Timothy C. Thompson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Despite improved surgical techniques local tumor recurrence after radical prostatectomy is not uncommon. We previously reported that IL-12 gene modified macrophages (IL-12/M|[Phi]|) suppress tumor growth and metastasis in pre-clinical mouse models of prostate cancer (Satoh et al, Cancer Res., 63: 7853-7860, 2003).
Comparative effectiveness of two doses versus three doses of hepatitis A vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected and -uninfected men who have sex with men
Authors: Yu-Tzu Tseng, Sui-Yuan Chang, Wen-Chun Liu, Hsin-Yun Sun, Cheng-Hsin Wu, Pei-Ying Wu, Ching-Lan Lu, Chien-Ching Hung, Shan-Chwen Chang
Journal: Hepatology (2012)

The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to compare the serologic response between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) receiving two and three doses of hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine and HIV-uninfected MSM receiving two doses of HAV vaccine. Between June 2009 and December 2010, 582 MSM aged 18 to 40 years who were seronegative for HAV were enrolled in the study. HIV-infected MSM received either two doses of HAV vaccine (1,440 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay units) (n = 140) with the second dose given at week 24 or three doses (n = 225) with the second and third dose given at weeks 4 and 24, respectively, while HIV-uninfected MSM (n = 217) received two doses. The primary endpoint was seroconversion at week 48. The geometric mean concentration (GMC) of anti-HAV antibody was determined at weeks 48 and 72. At week 48, the seroconversion rate was 75.7%, 77.8%, and 88.5% in intention-to-treat analysis for two-dose HIV-infected, three-dose HIV-infected, and two-dose HIV-uninfected MSM, respectively. The GMC of anti-HAV antibody at week 48 for three-dose HIV-infected MSM (2.29 ± 0.73 log10 mIU/mL) was significantly higher than that for two-dose HIV-infected MSM (1.94 ± 0.66; P &lt; 0.01), but was lower than HIV-uninfected MSM (2.49 ± 0.42; P &lt; 0.01). Multivariate analysis revealed higher CD4 counts (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] for per 50 cells/μL increase, 1.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.21) and undetectable plasma HIV RNA load (AOR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.10-3.28) before HAV vaccination were predictive of seroconversion in HIV-infected patients. Conclusion: Serologic response rate to three and two doses of HAV vaccine was similar in HIV-infected MSM, which was lower than that in HIV-uninfected MSM receiving two doses. HAV vaccination in HIV-infected patients with a higher CD4 count and suppression of HIV replication increased the seroconversion rate.
Infiltrating hepatocellular carcinoma into the duodenum presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: L. Kurtz, A. Miah
Journal: Endoscopy (2009)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary tumor of the liver that usually develops in the setting of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Extrahepatic spread is found in 10 % – 20 % of patients at the time of diagnosis and is more common in tumors over 5 cm in diameter [1]. Direct invasion of the gastrointestinal tract is rare and reported to occur in 0.5 % – 2 % of cases [2]. We present a case of HCC directly invading the duodenal bulb with resultant upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
Abstract 4050: Normalization of TaqMan human microRNA array data using average expression of controls
Authors: Gadisetti VR Chandramouli, G. Larry Maxwell, John I. Risinger
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The growing interest on microRNA (miRNA) expression in cancer motivates the need for improvement of technical aspects. TaqMan Human MicroRNA Arrays with comprehensive coverage of 667 unique miRNAs from Sanger miRBase are now available (Applied Biosystems, Foster city, CA) to quantitatively assay miRNA expression. A recent study reported that these qRT-PCR arrays perform better than miRNA microarrays which utilizes U6 RNA as an endogenous control for normalization. However, the choice of control for normalization varies depending on the tissue under examination. The TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDA) arrays A and B include six different controls with at least quadruplet assays for each. A recent study indicated that the average expression normalization including all miRNAs on array performed better than other normalization methods indicating a further need to examine normalization of TaqMan miRNA array data. The choice of a suitable control other than an average expression over the entire array is a more general approach for qRT-PCR data since constant average expression may not be valid for these arrays. Hence, we combined both concepts to determine a normalization constant. We examined miRNA expressions of 5 endometrial cancer cell lines assayed by these TaqMan Low Density Arrays for miRNA. Each cell line was assayed in triplicate. The cycle threshold (Ct) values of positive controls U6 (MammU6), RNU48, RNU44, RNU24, RNU6B, RNU43 in these were found to be in the range of 15 to 39 where RNU6B and RNU43 had low expressions. In some cases, we observed failures in endogenous control U6 and differences between arrays A and B. Therefore multiple controls were included for normalization but with appropriate weighting for highly expressed controls. This was done by calculating the average of 2−Ct values for controls that had Ct-values below a threshold level (Ct &amp;lt; 25) and transforming this average back to logarithmic scale to the base 2. We then compared the normalized Ct-values by this method with the normalization using geometric average method. This weighted average normalization method resulted in smaller replicate variances of controls than the geometric average method. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4050.
Adult chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is the manifestation of a type-1 polarized immune response
Authors: Fotios P. Panitsas, Maria Theodoropoulou, Alexandra Kouraklis, Marina Karakantza, Georgios L. Theodorou, Nicholas C. Zoumbos, Alice Maniatis, Athanasia Mouzaki
Journal: Blood (2003)
Case 41-1962
Authors: John M. Craig, Wallace A. Jones
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1962)

Presentation of CaseA nine-month-old female child was admitted to the hospital because of jaundice.Jaundice was noticed during the first week of life and may have been present since birth. The mother stated that the jaundice had varied in intensity and that the stools had been alternately brown and clay colored. The child was first seen by a physician one week before admission. At that time the hematocrit was 36 per cent, the white-cell count 14,200, the corrected erythrocyte sedimentation rate 29 mm. per hour, and the bilirubin 13 mg. (6.4 mg., direct) per 100 ml.; the thymol turbidity . . .
Sudden death in young athletes.
Authors: B J Maron, W C Roberts, H A McAllister, D R Rosing, S E Epstein
Journal: Circulation (1980)

The causes of sudden and unexpected death in 29 highly conditioned, competitive athletes, ages 13-30 years, are summarized. Sudden death occurred during or just after severe exertion on the athletic field in 22 of the 29 athletes. Structural cardiovascular abnormalities were identified at necropsy in 28 of the 29 athletes (97%), and in 22 (76%) were almost certainly the cause of death. The most common cause of death in this series was hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which was present in 14 athletes. Other cardiovascular abnormalities that occurred in more than one athlete were anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the right (anterior) sinus of Valsalva, idiopathic concentric left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary heart disease and ruptured aorta. Cardiac disease was suspected during life in only seven of the 29 patients, and in only two of the seven was the correct diagnosis made clinically. Hence, in this series of young athletes, sudden death was usually due to structural cardiovascular disease, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy was a frequent cause of sudden death; atherosclerotic coronary heart disease was relatively uncommon.