tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Induction primary CT with Folfox-4 and cetuximab followed by RT and cetuximab in locally advanced esophageal cancer (LAEC): Analysis of preliminary data from B152 Trial
Authors: F. De Vita, M. Orditura, R. Innocente, C. Pinto, V. Chiarion Sileni, E. Martinelli, L. Vecchione, E. Ancona, G. Catalano, F. Ciardiello
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

15524 Background: Primary CRT improves the survival of pts with EC when compared with surgery alone.However, the survival benefit conferred by CRT is modest and further improvements in the management of LAEC are required. In EC, increased EGFR expression correlates with a worse prognosis in terms of shorter DFS and OS suggesting the possibility of treatment with anti- EGFR mAb Cetuximab (C). Methods: Based on this background, we initiated a phase II trial to investigate the feasibility of C with FOLFOX- 4 regimen as induction CT followed by C and RT in pts with LAEC. Pts underwent staging with EUS plus biopsies, PET and CT scans. Eligibility: untreated EC; EUS stage II-III; ECOG PS 0–2; adequate organs function; informed consent. All pts received induction treatment with C at a starting dose of 400 mg/m2 and further weekly infusion at a maintenance dose of 250 mg/m2 and 4 cycles of FOLFOX-4 every two weeks. Post-induction EUS and CT scans were performed, while a PET scan was repeated early before second cycle of CT: pts without PD were given daily RT (180cGy fractions to 5040cGy) with concurrent weekly C. Post RT, EUS plus biopsies, CT scan and PET were performed. At wk 18, pts without PD had esophagectomy. The primary end-point was the pathologic complete responses (pCR) rate. According on a two step Simon design, 31 pts have to be enrolled at the first step of the study. In case of 4 or more pCR, the study will be continued and 24 additional pts will be treated. Results: Up to December 2007, 27 pts have been enrolled: 21 men, 6 women, squamous cell carcinoma 18, adenocarcinoma 9, stage II 3 pts, stage III 24 pts. After induction treatment, the following grade 3–4 toxicities were recorded: neutropenia 7%, thrombocytopenia 4%, skin 4%. Between the 16 pts who completed RT and C, the main grade 3–4 toxicities were: esophagitis 6%, skin 12 %. After CRT 3 pts had PD; of the remaining pts, 10 underwent esophagectomy and 3 pts await surgery. All 10 pts had R0 resections:9 pts were downstaged and 1 pt had no change; a pCR was recorded in 4 pts (40%). Conclusions: The integration of CRT with C is well tolerated; the preliminary activity, indicate that this regimen is efficacy suggesting the continuation of the study until the final sample of 55 pts. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 13727: Contemporary Rates and Correlates of Warfarin Use in 33,570 Adults with Atrial Fibrillation: The ATRIA2-CVRN Study
Authors: Alan S Go, Kristi Reynolds, Margaret C Fang, Natalia Udaltsova, Rong Wei, Yuchiao Chang, Niela Pomernacki, Leila H Borowsky, Teresa N Harrison, Daniel E Singer
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Abstract P153: The Cumulative Dose of Epinephrine During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Increases Mortality and Functional Outcome after Non-Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Jasmin Arrich, Fritz Sterz, Harald Herkner, Wilhelm Behringer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background - Epinephrine is the drug of choice during advanced cardiac life support. The cumulative dose of epinephrine applied during resuscitation was shown to be independently associated with unfavorable outcome after ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest in humans. We investigated the association between the cumulative dose of epinephrine applied during resuscitation and outcome after non-ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. Methods - Adults admitted to the University Hospital Emergency Department with witnessed, non-traumatic, normothermic, non-ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest of cardiac or pulmonary origin were included. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality, the secondary endpoint was unfavorable functional outcome (best cerebral performance category within 6 months; CPC 1, normal, CPC 2, moderate disability; CPC 3, severe disability and not able to live independently; CPC 4, coma; CPC 5, dead or brain dead; CPC 3–5 considered as unfavorable). Results - Of 2716 enrolled patients 578 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The median cumulative amount of epinephrine administered during resuscitation was 3 mg (IQR 2– 6), ranging from 1 to 50 mg. Of all patients, 390 (67%) died during their hospital stay, 310 (62%) showed an unfavorable functional outcome. Patients, who died during hospital stay, received a statistically higher cumulative dose of epinephrine than patients, who survived, median (IQR) 4 mg (2– 6) vs. 2 mg (2– 4), p&lt;0.01. After controlling for possible confounders (patient characteristics, resuscitation factors, comorbidities), logistic regression analysis showed that higher doses of epinephrine were independently associated with an increased mortality (OR 1.3 per quartile administered epinephrine, 95% CI 1.07–1.65, p=0.01), and unfavorable functional outcome (OR 1.4 per quartile administered epinephrine, 95% CI 1.12–1.81, p=0.004). Conclusions -Our results indicate that an increasing cumulative dose of epinephrine during resuscitation independently increases the risk for in-hospital death and unfavorable functional outcome after non-ventricular fibrillation cardiac arrest. Further studies are needed to re-evaluate the use of epinephrine during resuscitation in humans.
Abstract 13138: A Strong Regenerative Ability of Cardiac Progenitor Cells in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome Patients: A Preclinical Study
Authors: Sunjay Kaushal, Rachana Mishra, David Simpson, Sudhish Sharma, Carl L Backer, Richard G Ohye, Elfriede Pahl
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) may promote myocardial regeneration in adult ischemic myocardium. The regenerative capabilities of hCPCs in young patients with non-ischemic conge...
Posttraumatic stress disorder associated with peacekeeping duty in Somalia for U.S. military personnel [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1997 May;154(5):722]
Authors: B T Litz, S M Orsillo, M Friedman, P Ehlich, A Batres
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The end of the Cold War has marked a period when the U.S. military is asked to secure peace under conditions in which peace is tenuous, yet the need for resolution of the conflict is great. Combat-trained soldiers are highly visible and are exposed to threats to their lives, yet are asked to exhibit restraint and neutrality. The psychiatric consequences of peace-keeping duty under these conflicting and volatile conditions have been underresearched. The authors examined the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) associated with exposure to peacekeeping duty in Somalia.A large cohort of active duty personnel deployed to Somalia (N = 3,461) were surveyed approximately 5 months after their return to the United States. A variety of military service characteristics and exposure variables and PTSD symptoms were examined.Eight percent of peacekeepers were found to meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD. PTSD symptom severity was best predicted by the rewards of military service, war zone stress, and frustrations with peacekeeping (e.g., restrictive rules of engagement).It is likely that the mission in Somalia represents a new paradigm of dangerous military operations for the United States. These data suggest that peacekeeping may be difficult to reconcile for some combat-trained soldiers and can create a risk for PTSD.
Abstract 11630: Platelet Monocyte Aggregates Correlate with Indices of Microvascular Dysfunction (Coronary Wedge Pressure and Index of Microvascular Resistance) During PCI for Stable Angina and Non-ST Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Chrysostomos Mavroudis, Bikash Majumder, Mark Lowdell, Roby Rakhit
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Purchasing policies for in vitro fertilisation vary considerably
Authors: I. Smith, A. Plomer
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The relationship between vaginal pH, microflora, and yeast infection was investigated in 93 women randomly treated with either nystatin or miconazole pessaries and cream for two weeks. The vaginal pH was measured in a control group of 48 women. In the study group, 37 patients defaulted, 39 were cured, and 17 required treatment during the six-month follow-up period. In both study and control groups before and after treatment the mean vaginal pH was in the range of 4.3-4.6. Lactobacilli were plentiful in 78 (91%) out of 86 patients and shows that lactobacilli and yeasts commonly coexist. The influence of other organisms appeared to be negligible. The trial showed that nystatin and micromazole were equallly effective in the treatment of vaginal yeast infection and that the broad-spectrum activity of micronazole offered no advantage in this condition.
p16INK4A Promotes Differentiation and Inhibits Apoptosis of JKB Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells
Authors: Mitsuyoshi Urashima, James A. DeCaprio, Dharminder Chauhan, Gerrard Teoh, Atsushi Ogata, Steven P. Treon, Yasutaka Hoshi, Kenneth C. Anderson
Journal: Blood (1997)
Medical Laboratory Methods and Tests.
Authors: A. H. MacCordick
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12038: Effect of Delays in Treatment on Outcome in Young Women and Men With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Results From the PRAXY Study
Authors: Roxanne Pelletier, Karin H Humphries, Louise Pilote, Genesis Praxy Investigators
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Sex differences in outcomes after ACS persist, specifically among younger patients. Delays in treatment have been implicated in explaining worse outcomes in women. The impact of delay...
Do tobacco companies encourage young people to smoke?
Authors: E. Merlo
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Editor—Accusations made against Philip Morris USA in both an article and an editorial on candy cigarettes are misleading and untrue.1,2 The company is categorically opposed to the use of its trademarks on candy cigarettes. Its position on this issue is consistent and clear. The accusations are false and are not supported by the facts.

We do not permit the unauthorised use of our trademarks, including use on clothing or merchandise. We do not authorise others to use our trademarks in ways that we ourselves are prohibited from doing. We continue to take aggressive action, including the filing of lawsuits, to prevent the use of Philip Morris cigarette brand names or logos on any item marketed to minors, such as candy, video games, and toys.

We have taken steps in over 1800 instances to prevent such unauthorised use of our trademarks. Records for the past three decades show that Philip Morris USA has been vigilant in its efforts to prevent trademark violations, especially on products that may appeal to children. Furthermore, in 1990 we began placing paid advertising in trade journals warning other manufacturers that trademark violations will not be tolerated. In 1995 we began to reward those who bring trademark violations to our attention, and this practice continues today.

The documents cited in Klein and St Clair's study—as well as many documents that these authors ignored—support our position that for many years we have fought against companies violating our trademarks, including World Candies. Philip Morris USA would wholeheartedly support legislative action that would prohibit the manufacture of candy cigarettes or other similar products specifically intended to appeal to children. Moreover, the tobacco settlement agreement strictly prohibits the company, and other major tobacco companies, from opposing this type of legislation (master settlement agreement; exhibit F, #8).
Abstract 5803: Optimal Threshold for Multi Detector Computer Tomography to Detect Physiologically Significant Stenosis in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Takashi Yamano, Atsushi Tanaka, Takashi Tanimoto, Shigeho Takarada, Hiroki Kitabata, Akio Kuroi, Toshio Imanishi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Circulation (2008)

PURPOSE: Sixty-four multi detector computed tomography angiography (64-MDCT) has emerged as a rapidly developing method for the noninvasive detection of coronary artery disease with high negative predictive value and relatively low positive predictive value, especially in patients with intermediate-severity coronary artery disease (ISCAD). There are, however, few studies regarding with optimal threshold for detection of physiologically significant stenosis in 64-MDCT. The purpose of this study was to investigate the optimal threshold for 64-MDCT to detect physiologically significant stenosis using fractional flow reserve of the myocardium (FFRmyo) in patients with ISCAD. METHODS: We enrolled single lesions detected by 64-MDCT of 64 ISCAD patients (age, 68.3 +/− 10.2 years; 78% male). FFRmyo &lt;/= 0.75 measured by a 0.014-inch pressure wire was used as the gold standard for presence of physiologically significant stenosis. The area stenosis (%AS) in 64-MDCT were compared with the results of FFRmyo and percent diameter stenosis (%DS) in quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) during elective coronary angiography. Using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the optimum threshold for percent area stenosis (%AS) in 64-MDCT was determined in the prediction of FFRmyo &lt;/= 0.75. RESULTS: There was an inverse correlation between %AS in 64-MDCT and FFRmyo (65 +/− 20 % and 0.71 +/− 0.16, respectively; r = −0.67; p &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between %AS in 64-MDCT and %DS in QCA (65 +/− 20 % and 63 +/− 19 %, respectively; r = 0.69; p &lt; 0.01). Using a cutoff of 62 %AS in 64-MDCT, ROC curve analysis shows 79 % sensitivity, 85 % specificity, 82% positive predictive value, 83% negative predictive value and 83% accuracy for detecting physiologically significant stenosis. CONCLUSION: &gt; 62 %AS in 64-MDCT could predict the physiologically significant coronary stenosis in patients with ISCAD. Applying an alternative threshold to detect physiologically significant stenosis might contribute to improve the diagnostic accuracy for 64-MDCT in patients with ISCAD.
Abstract 5889: Bedtime Administration of Aspirin and Clopidogrel May Have Better Anti-platelet Effects in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Wei Cui, Fan Liu, Zhen Li, Rui-qin Xie, Xiu-chun Yang, Jing Liu
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Objective: To study the effect of the administration time of aspirin and clopidogrel on platelet aggregation in patients with ACS. Methods: Thirty patients with ACS were divided into day-time and b...
Abstract 16961: Influence of Angiotensin Conversion Enzyme Gene Polymorphism on Cardiotoxicity Caused by Immunotherapy with Trastuzumab
Authors: Ivo Darko Gabric, Hrvoje Pintaric, Ljubica Vazdar, Mario tefanovic, Marijana Jazvic, eljko Soldic, Rudolf Tomek, Nada Vukelic, Nada Vrkic, Danijel Planinc
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Cardio toxicity is the most important side effect of trastuzumab, humanized monoclonal antibody to the HER2 protein. Many molecular mechanisms and risk factors explaining cardio toxic...
Age- and Sex-Related Differences in All-Cause Mortality Risk Based on Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Findings
Authors: James K. Min, Allison Dunning, Fay Y. Lin, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Matthew J. Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Q. Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Victor Cheng, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Augustin Delago, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp Kaufmann, Erica Maffei, Gilbert Raff, Leslee J. Shaw, Todd Villines, Daniel S. Berman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Relationship between age and incidence of parkinsonism in psychiatric patients treated with haloperidol
Authors: P Moleman, G Janzen, B A von Bargen, E J Kappers, L Pepplinkhuizen, P I Schmitz
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

In a retrospective follow-up study of 230 psychotic patients treated with haloperidol, the incidence of parkinsonian side effects was greater in patients under 40 than in patients 40 years of age or older.
Abstract 15410: E-Learning in Pediatric Basic Life Support Among Laypersons is Non-Inferior to Instructor-Led Training: A Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Lise Q Krogh, Katrine Bjørnshave, Lone D Vestergaard, Maja B Sharma, Stinne E Rasmussen, Henrik V Nielsen, Troels Thim, Bo Løfgren
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction:  Pediatric cardiac arrest carries a poor prognosis. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation improves survival. Training laypersons in resuscitation is hampered by the cost and duration of current instructor-led courses. Resuscitation of adults can be learned through self-training. Resuscitation of infants is generally perceived as particularly stressful when compared to resuscitation of adults. This may affect learning pediatric basic life support (PBLS). It is currently unknown whether self-training PBLS among laypersons is effective.   Hypothesis:  Self-training PBLS with a web-based e-learning program and a manikin is non-inferior to conventional instructor-led training among laypersons.   Methods:  Non-healthcare volunteers were recruited among child-minders and parents of children aged 0-6 years. Participants were randomized to either self-training using a web-based video (duration 17 minutes) and an inflatable manikin (Infant CPR Anytime®) available throughout 14±1 days or conventional 2-hour instructor-led training. After training, participants were tested in a simulated pediatric cardiac arrest scenario. Tests were video recorded and PBLS skills were assessed independently by two assessors blinded to the training method. The primary outcome was the pass rate of the PBLS test (≥8 of 15 parameters correct). A prespecified non-inferiority margin of 20% was determined.   Result:  Self-training was non-inferior to instructor-led training (difference -4.2%; 95%CI -8.9:0.45). Pass rates were 96% among self-trained (n=71) and 100% among instructor-led trained (n=67). No significant differences in chest compressions delivered per compression cycle (30.1±2.5 versus 30.0±1.3), chest compression rate (110±23 min -1  versus 114±16 min -1 ), or number of initial rescue breaths (5.0±1.0 versus 5.2±0.8) were observed when comparing self- and instructor-led trained participants. In both groups, all participants felt that their training had improved their skills.   Conclusion:  Self-training in PBLS is non-inferior to conventional instructor-led training among laypersons. A web-based video and a manikin may be a valuable, cost effective alternative to instructor-led training.
Abstract 17203: Prevalence of Low Levels of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C) at Presentation in Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) and its Relation to In-Hospital Mortality: Results from the NCDR®
Authors: Subroto Acharjee, Matthew T Roe, Ezra A Amsterdam, DaJuanicia Holmes, William E Boden
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Despite profound advances in medical and procedural therapy, significant residual risk persists for in-hospital mortality among patients admitted with ACS. Low HDL-C, a known independent risk predictor for increased cardiovascular events, may modulate risk in ACS patients. Methods: We evaluated baseline HDL-C levels among 98,276 non-ST-elevation MI patients from the NCDR ACTION-GWTG registry enrolled from 490 U.S. hospitals between January 2007 and December 2010. Clinical characteristics, treatments, and in-hospital outcomes were analyzed by quartiles of HDL-C measured during hospitalization. Using the highest quartile as referent, hazard ratios were obtained for in-hospital mortality using multivariable risk adjustment. Results: Almost half of the patients in the examined cohort had presentation HDL-C levels lower than or equal to the median (36.9 mg/dL). Patients in lower HDL-C quartiles were younger, more often male, white, smokers, obese, diabetic and had greater rates of prior MI, PCI, CABG and revascularization (P &lt;0.0001) compared to those in higher HDL-C quartiles. Use of medical therapy (aspirin, clopidogrel, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors or ARBs, statins and other lipid-lowering agents) at home was greater among patients with lower HDL-C (P = 0.0002 for statins, &lt;0.0001 for others). Significantly greater in-hospital mortality was noted with decreasing HDL-C quartiles in the overall cohort. Among patients in the lowest HDL-C quartile, a 16% greater risk of in-hospital death was noted compared to their counterparts in the highest HDL-C quartile (P = 0.0073) (Figure 1). Conclusion: Low levels of HDL-C at presentation was common among this national contemporary “real-world” cohort of patients admitted with non-ST-elevation ACS. Very low HDL-C levels (≤ 30 mg/dL) at presentation represented an adverse prognostic factor and was associated with higher in-hospital mortality.
Aggressive Risk Factor Reduction Study for Atrial Fibrillation and Implications for the Outcome of Ablation
Authors: Rajeev K. Pathak, Melissa E. Middeldorp, Dennis H. Lau, Abhinav B. Mehta, Rajiv Mahajan, Darragh Twomey, Muayad Alasady, Lorraine Hanley, Nicholas A. Antic, R. Doug McEvoy, Jonathan M. Kalman, Walter P. Abhayaratna, Prashanthan Sanders
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
A healthy old age: realistic or futile goal?Older people need to be encouraged to exerciseExercise programmes benefit even those who are most severely disabledTraining showed noticeable improvement in elderly women
Authors: Piers Simey, Matthew Parsons, Ann McLaughlin, Dawn Skelton
Journal: BMJ (2001)

# Older people need to be encouraged to exercise {#article-title-2}

EDITOR—Four out of 10 people older than 50 are totally inactive, yet over half of sedentary people in this age group believe that they take part in enough physical activity to keep fit.1 Further paradoxes help explain this stark picture of low awareness and lost opportunity are highlighted by McMurdo.2 For the frailest older people, being sedentary is a greater risk than being active,3 but carers and professionals may encourage individual people to be less active. The minister for public health has called exercise the best buy in public health (Y Cooper, Royal College of Physicians, London, June 2000), yet exercise services have a history of minimal funding in the NHS, and leisure spending by local authorities mainly supports those already committed to exercise. Physical activity for younger people is a greater health policy priority, although programmes focusing on older people may be more effective. …