tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Doctors leading climate change is self delusion
Authors: William T Stevenson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

How doctors' anonymity in family courts is under threat Gornall is way out of dateEditor-Gornall is embarrassingly out of date in his detailed analysis of the B case (which was dealt with by the family courts nearly three years ago), and its relevance to proposed changes in the law to make the English family court system more transparent. 1 Since then, notwithstanding the ever increasingly exaggerated claims from some quarters that opening the family courts would harm children and deter court experts, the courts themselves are acknowledging the need for English family courts to do their business in the more transparent way that courts in Canada, Australia, and of course Scotland have done without apparent difficulty for years.Several High Court judgments have recorded judicial support for more openness to increase public confidence, and Gornall fails to mention that the president and many of his senior judges are in favour of change in this direction.In a landmark case which was decided on 3 November, Munby J agreed that an ongoing case where parents dispute expert evidence that they injured their child should be open to the media.The local authority concerned issued a "position statement" to the press and the reporting in the Times, Guardian, and the Mail on Sunday set out both sides' cases, as did the broadcasting media.A BBC "Real Story" programme on the case allowed a senior official from the local authority ample time to put their case.No vilification of any experts involved was reported.It is likely that more judges will follow Munby J's example and more public interest cases will be opened to the media pending any change in the law.Will the skies fall in?I doubt it, but your readers can judge for themselves.Hopefully they will understand that in complex childcare cases where expert evidence may be tenuous and the stakes for children are very high, public debate can stimulate awareness of the problems faced by all professionals involved in child protection.It's difficult getting the balance right, but doing it in secret doesn't help.
Abortion, Psychiatry, and the Quality of Life
Authors: ZIGMOND M. LEBENSOHN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1972)

Psychiatry should be more deeply concerned about the quality of life than any other medical discipline. The population explosion already threatens the quality of life on this planet. On the individual level, the forced arrival of an unwanted, unloved child because of archaic abortion laws creates grave consequences for the unwanted child, the unloving mother, the fragmented family, and ultimately for society itself. When contraception fails, preventive psychiatry requires that abortion be a matter between a woman and her physician.
India launches national rural health mission
Authors: Ganapati Mudur
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The Indian government announced a plan to increase staffing levels and improve the infrastructure in rural hospitals last week. It also intends to use village women to track the health needs of their own communities.

The health ministry has ear-marked 67bn rupees (£0.8bn; $1.5bn; €1.2bn) this year (2005-6) for the National Rural Health Mission, dubbing it a fresh effort to correct “striking inequalities” between urban and rural health services in India. …
Purification and characterization of the Fas-ligand that induces apoptosis.
Authors: T Suda, S Nagata
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Fas is a 45-kD cell surface protein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor family, and transduces the signal for apoptosis. The cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) hybridoma, PC60-d10S requires the presence of Fas on target cells to induce cytolysis in target cells. This CTL cell line was weakly but specifically stained by a chimeric protein that consisted of the extracellular domain of mouse Fas and the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (mFas-Fc). Moreover, mFas-Fc inhibited the cytotoxic activity of PC60-d10S. Sublines of d10S that were stained intensively by mFas-Fc were isolated by repetitive fluorescence-activated cell sorter sorting. A cell-surface protein of about 40 kD was specifically precipitated by mFas-Fc from the lysates of these sublines. This protein was homogeneously purified by sequential affinity chromatographies using mFas-Fc and concanavalin A beads. The purified protein exhibited cytotoxic activity against cells expressing Fas but not to the cells which do not express Fas. These results indicated that the 40-kD membrane glycoprotein expressed on PC60-d10S cells is the Fas-ligand that induces the apoptotic signal by binding to Fas.
Progressive peripheral neuropathy in patient with primary hyperoxaluria.
Authors: P J Moorhead, D J Cooper, W R Timperley
Journal: BMJ (1975)

In a patient suffering from primary hyperoxaluria with oxalosis a progressive peripheral neuropathy was associated with intra-axonal deposition of microcrystals of calcium oxalate. Probably his neuropathy was the result of mechanical obstruction of axoplasmic flow.
ECTROPION OF THE LOWER EYELIDS FOLLOWING BURNS AND SCALDS: A NEW EARLY PATHOGNOMONIC SIGN
Authors: Samuel Gordon Berkow
Journal: JAMA (1928)

Cicatricial ectropion of the lower eyelids is a frequent and serious result of burns and scalds involving the face about the eyes. By no means all burns of this area result in ectropion. When recognized early, before the condition is well established, simple preventive measures may abort the process. Therefore it is important to diagnose this complication at the earliest possible moment. The sign described here is, in my belief, the first positive manifestation of cicatricial ectropion of the lower eyelids, following burn or scald. Normally, each eyelid is a movable fold consisting of skin, loose connective tissue, muscular tissue, tarsus, fascia and conjunctiva. The conjunctiva lining the lids, along the entire width of the palpebral aperture, lies in apposition to the conjunctiva of the eyeball, with which it is continuous. Nc space, or interval, forms between the palpebral and the oculai conjunctiva—that is, between the eyelid and the eyeball—on
Activity patterns of proteasome subunits reflect bortezomib sensitivity of hematologic malignancies and are variable in primary human leukemia cells
Authors: M Kraus, T Rückrich, M Reich, J Gogel, A Beck, W Kammer, C R Berkers, D Burg, H Overkleeft, H Ovaa, C Driessen
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
UK government to put graphic warnings on tobacco products
Authors: Amy Davis
Journal: BMJ (2007)

XC8 (histamine glutarimide) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory anti-bronchoconstriction agent which targets eosinophilic migration and mast cell degranulation by inhibition of chemokines (CCL2, CCL7, CCL8, CCL13). Previous animal studies have shown beneficial effects of XC8 on airway inflammation. The primary objective of this double-blind placebo-controlled multi-center dose-escalating phase-1 study was to assess the safety of oral XC8. The secondary objective was evaluating the pharmacokinetics (PK). The study population consisted of 32 healthy female (47%) and male adults. Three dose-escalation cohorts (10 mg [n=8], 50 mg [n=8] and 200 mg [n=16]) in two centers were randomized in a 3:1 ratio. The subjects received a single dose at Day 1 and then once-daily for 14 days (Days 8-21). Safety data was collected until Day 36. PK data were collected before (Days 1 and 8-21) and 20 min, 30 min, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24h after (Days 1 and 21) the administration of the investigational product, respectively. No severe adverse events (AE) occurred. No AEs led to study discontinuation, all subjects completed the study as planned. AEs were not increased in the treatment arms compared to placebo. No clinically significant changes occurred in the safety laboratory in subjects receiving XC8. The PK data showed similar dose and time dependent mean plasma XC8 concentrations both after single (Day 1) and multiple (Day 21) dosing. The median time to maximum plasma concentration was 0.68-1.01 hours after single and 0.67-0.98 hours after multiple dosing. There was no evidence for accumulation of XC8 and it showed linear PK. XC8 was safe and well tolerated. A phase 2 study will be performed to further evaluate the potential role of XC8 in asthma treatment.
Dynamic changes in the haemodynamic severity of coronary artery stenosis in a canine model
Authors: P. WALINSKY, W. P. SANTAMORE, L. WIENER, A. N. BREST
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Journal Article Dynamic changes in the haemodynamic severity of coronary artery stenosis in a canine model Get access P. WALINSKY, P. WALINSKY From the Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar W. P. SANTAMORE, W. P. SANTAMORE From the Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. WIENER, L. WIENER From the Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. N. BREST A. N. BREST From the Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 13, Issue 2, February 1979, Pages 113–118, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/13.2.113 Published: 01 February 1979
A New Era in the Treatment of Amyloidosis?
Authors: Helen J. Lachmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

Amyloidosis is a diverse group of diseases caused by extracellular accumulation of protein in a highly ordered, abnormal, insoluble fibrillar form. These diseases can be hereditary or acquired and localized or systemic. Most are progressive and fatal. Among the almost 30 different proteins that have been found to form amyloid in humans, transthyretin, a carrier molecule of thyroxine and vitamin A, is of particular interest because it may cause both hereditary and acquired amyloidosis with a diverse range of symptoms. In addition, transthyretin amyloid may be more prevalent than previously thought, and several potential new treatments are on the horizon. . . .
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for advanced myelodysplastic syndrome in children: results of the EWOG-MDS 98 study
Authors: B Strahm, P Nöllke, M Zecca, E T Korthof, M Bierings, I Furlan, P Sedlacek, A Chybicka, M Schmugge, V Bordon, C Peters, A O'Marcaigh, C D de Heredia, E Bergstraesser, B D Moerloose, M M van den Heuvel-Eibrink, J Starý, M Trebo, D Wojcik, C M Niemeyer, F Locatelli
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
The "Doughnut Sign" on Bone Scintigraphy Due to Coccidioidomycosis
Authors: ROGER NOCERA, MARTIN L. NUSYNOWITZ, LEONARD E. SWISCHUK, MANASA MERKEL, HORTENCIA G. LUNA-SOLORZANO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

NOCERA, ROGER M.D.*; NUSYNOWITZ, MARTIN L. M.D.*; SWISCHUK, LEONARD E. M.D.*; MERKEL, MANASA M.D.†; LUNA-SOLORZANO, HORTENCIA G. M.D.‡ Author Information
THE IMPROVEMENT OF BREAST-MILK AND THE PROLONGATION OF LACTATION.
Authors: THOMAS S. SOUTHWORTH
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Of the various functions of the human body, none has been so neglected as that of lactation. It is true that human breast-milk has been repeatedly analyzed and its component parts estimated with somewhat varying results, but the ever-prominent purpose of these investigations, from the time of Meigs, has been to establish a standard upon which imitations might be based, while but comparatively little thought has been given to measures which should serve to correct a deteriorated secretion.  Nursing to the minds of the laity is a very simple matter, consisting only in putting the child to the breast at any regular or irregular intervals, which may seem best to them, the chief indication therefor being the crying of the child. If, however, the breast-milk begins to fail or appear to disagree with the child, the common thought in the minds of both friends and physicians has for years been
Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with severe oropharyngeal involvement and IgA paraproteinaemia
Authors: J.F. Setterfield, P.J. Shirlaw, S.J. Challacombe, M.M. Black
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

Journal Article Pyoderma gangrenosum associated with severe oropharyngeal involvement and IgA paraproteinaemia Get access J.F. Setterfield, J.F. Setterfield St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. J.F.Setterfield. E‐mail: jane.setterfield@kcl.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.J. Shirlaw, P.J. Shirlaw Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Guy's Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. Challacombe, S.J. Challacombe Department of Oral Medicine and Pathology, Guy's Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.M. Black M.M. Black St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 144, Issue 2, 1 February 2001, Pages 393–396, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04035.x Published: 01 February 2001
MicroRNA Expression Profiling in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Kati P. Porkka, Minja J. Pfeiffer, Kati K. Waltering, Robert L. Vessella, Teuvo L.J. Tammela, Tapio Visakorpi
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small, endogenously expressed noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate expression of protein-coding genes at the translational level. Accumulating evidence, such as aberrant expression of miRNAs, suggests that they are involved in the development of cancer. They have been identified in various tumor types, showing that different sets of miRNAs are usually deregulated in different cancers. To identify the miRNA signature specific for prostate cancer, miRNA expression profiling of 6 prostate cancer cell lines, 9 prostate cancer xenografts samples, 4 benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 9 prostate carcinoma samples was carried out by using an oligonucleotide array hybridization method. Differential expression of 51 individual miRNAs between benign tumors and carcinoma tumors was detected, 37 of them showing down-regulation and 14 up-regulation in carcinoma samples, thus identifying those miRNAs that could be significant in prostate cancer development and/or growth. There was a significant trend (P = 0.029) between the expression of miRNAs and miRNA locus copy number determined by array comparative genomic hybridization, indicating that genetic aberrations may target miRNAs. Hierarchical clustering of the tumor samples by their miRNA expression accurately separated the carcinomas from the BPH samples and also further classified the carcinoma tumors according to their androgen dependence (hormone naive versus hormone refractory), indicating the potential of miRNAs as a novel diagnostic and prognostic tool for prostate cancer. [Cancer Res 2007;67(13):6130–5]
Allergen-induced oxygen radical release from bronchoalveolar lavage cells and airway hyperresponsiveness in dogs.
Authors: W H Stevens, M D Inman, J Wattie, P M O'Byrne
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Allergen inhalation causes airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation in dogs. The purpose of this study was to determine whether allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness is associated with increases in oxygen radical production from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cells. A group of 10 random-source dogs were studied twice, 4 wk apart. On each occasion, acetylcholine (ACh) airway responsiveness was measured before and 24 h after inhalation of Ascaris suum or its diluent, followed by BAL. The response to ACh was expressed as the concentration causing an increase in lung resistance of 5 cm H2/O/L/s above baseline. Spontaneous and phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated (2.4 mumol/L) oxygen radical release were measured, for 10 min each, from washed BAL cells (4 x 10(6) cells/ml) by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence in a luminometer at 37 degrees C. Superoxide anion production was measured using a cytochrome c assay. Allergen inhalation caused bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness. The acetylcholine provocative concentration fell from 7.47 mg/ml (% SEM 1.61) before to 1.23 mg/ml (% SEM 1.62) after allergen (p < 0.0001). Allergen inhalation significantly increased absolute neutrophil (p = 0.03) and eosinophil (p = 0.02) counts in BAL. Spontaneous (p < 0.0003) and PMA-stimulated (p < 0.0005) chemiluminescence and superoxide anion production (p = 0.039) were increased after allergen inhalation. The allergen-induced increases in chemiluminescence were significantly correlated with the increases in ACh airway hyperresponsiveness (r = 0.75, p < 0.012). These results indicate that inhaled allergen increases oxygen radical release from bronchoalveolar lavage cells and supports the hypothesis that oxygen radicals are important in causing allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness.
Cerebral Cysticercosis Simulating Epilepsy
Authors: J. C. Dick
Journal: BMJ (1936)

intravenous injection of sodium evipan, but both were abandoned as being too risky, especially in a case of this sort when the spasms were so frequent and -severe so we relied on our old friends and won through.Our thanks are due to the other members of the staff who rendered valuable assistance and are in great measure responsible for the successful result.
Trial of ketoconazole in non-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis.
Authors: D J Shale, J A Faux, D J Lane
Journal: Thorax (1987)

A one year study of the efficacy of the antifungal agent ketoconazole in non-invasive pulmonary aspergillosis was carried out. Ten patients, seven with allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and three with mycetoma, were studied. They were randomly allocated to receive 400 mg daily or placebo orally in a double blind fashion. In the treated group (n = 6), concentrations of serum IgG specific for Aspergillus fumigatus fell significantly during treatment (mean reduction 42% (SEM 2.2%) compared with determinations preceding the study). This effect was evident by three months and continued for the 12 months of treatment. Patients receiving placebo (n = 4) showed no significant change in serum IgG concentration (mean change + 10% (SEM 5.3%]. Asthmatic patients treated with ketoconazole (n = 4) had significantly lower symptom scores than those receiving placebo (n = 3) (+0.45%/month (SEM 6.9%) versus +27%/month (SEM 6.5%); p less than 0.001). None of the patients treated with ketoconazole reported any adverse effects. Ketoconazole may cause serious liver damage but its use may be justified in bronchopulmonary aspergillosis if further experience confirms its ability to alter the course of a potentially serious disease.
Contractility and stiffness of noninfarcted myocardium after coronary ligation in rats. Effects of chronic angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition.
Authors: S E Litwin, C M Litwin, T E Raya, A L Warner, S Goldman
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown that global left ventricular function is depressed after myocardial infarction. However, little is known about the effects of myocardial infarction on contractility and the passive-elastic properties of residual myocardium. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated isometric function and passive myocardial stiffness in isolated, noninfarcted left ventricular papillary muscle from rats 6 weeks after sham operation or myocardial infarction. Maximal developed tension and peak rate of tension rise (+dT/dt) were significantly decreased in untreated rats with large myocardial infarction compared with controls (3.3 +/- 1.1 versus 4.3 +/- 0.6 g/mm2 and 49.5 +/- 17.5 versus 72.5 +/- 10.5 g/mm2/sec, respectively). Time to peak tension was prolonged (120 +/- 8 versus 102 +/- 4 msec) and myocardial stiffness was increased in untreated myocardial infarction rats compared with controls (35.2 +/- 4.9 versus 24.2 +/- 3.7). Rats with smaller myocardial infarctions differed from controls only with respect to a prolongation of time to peak tension. Papillary muscle myocyte cross-sectional area was increased by 44% (p less than 0.05), and myocardial hydroxyproline content was increased by 160% (p less than 0.05) in rats with large myocardial infarctions compared with controls. To determine whether treatment that improves left ventricular function after myocardial infarction also improves myocardial function, rats were treated with captopril beginning 3 weeks after myocardial infarction and continuing for 3 weeks. Treatment with captopril attenuated the prolongation in time to peak tension in the myocardial infarction rats; however, developed tension, +dT/dt, and muscle stiffness remained abnormal. Compared with untreated myocardial infarction rats, captopril-treated myocardial infarction rats had a 9% decrease in myocyte cross-sectional area (p = 0.1) but a persistent increase in myocardial collagen content. In summary, large myocardial infarction in rats causes contractile dysfunction, increased stiffness, myocyte hypertrophy, and increased collagen content in the residual noninfarcted myocardium. Treatment with captopril alters the process of cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy and improves one parameter of contractility in noninfarcted myocardium; however, myocardial collagen content and myocardial stiffness remain abnormal. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition in the rat infarct model of heart failure improves global cardiac performance via combined effects on myocardial function and the peripheral circulation.
Radionuclide Imaging in the Diagnosis of Choledochal Cyst and Intrahepatic Duct Dilatation
Authors: M SUGIHARA, Y SUZUKI, S YOKOYAMA, S NAMBA, M SUGIMORI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1979)

SUGIHARA, M M.D.; SUZUKI, Y M.D.; YOKOYAMA, S M.D.; NAMBA, S M.D.; SUGIMORI, M M.D. Author Information
Diabetic Ketoacidosis: An Uncommon Manifestation of Pesticide Poisoning
Authors: Krishnan Swaminathan, Meenakshi Sundaram, Padma Prakash, Senthilnayagam Subbiah
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Diabetic ketoacidosis in adolescents can be a cause of severe morbidity and mortality, especially if unrecognized at the time of first diagnosis (1). We present a 15-year-old girl who was initially treated for “diabetic ketoacidosis” with further worsening of her general condition. This delayed recovery, coupled with focused investigations, finally led us to a diagnosis and the appropriate management of an intentional overdose with organophosphorous (OP) pesticide, presenting as diabetic ketoacidosis. Our aim is also to raise awareness of the effects of organophosphates, widely used as pesticides, on glucose metabolism, and its potential implications in the epidemic of diabetes worldwide.

A 15-year-old girl was admitted with a 10-h history of giddiness, vomiting, and drowsiness. She was apparently well the evening prior to her admission. Clinical examination …
Book: The Link between Religion and Health: Psychoneuroimmunology and the Faith Factor
Authors: M. Saunders
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The Lord gave, and the Lord has taken away, blessed be the name of the Lord (Job 1.21 RSV)—that was a common enough epitaph on 19th century gravestones, particularly if the deceased was a child. Religious faith was a means of coping with the tragedies that beset humanity.

Psychoneuroimmunology may appear to be a world away from religious faith, but this book sees …