tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Worcester Infirmary: Report of Cases attended during a year
Authors: C. Hastings
Journal: BMJ (1841)

REPORT PROM TH1I WO1tC?STER INFIRMARY.and the danger to the perfectioh of the ne* Operation of injudiciously meddlinig with the celhtlat attadlhitfents of the eyeball, and of its ihitiscles, after any of thi litter have lIert divitled withiout tlie effect anticipated being produced.And in doing to, I shlall avail myself of the works already published on strabismus; if the able paper 'rnm Dr. Jacob, in th6 Dbublin Medicatl Press, " On the Paralytic and otlher Nervous Diseases of the Eye ," atid of the communiications which hiave apl)ear"d in thte several medical periodicals bince I filst introduced into this country bieeienbach's treatment of strmbistfiis, and so materially simplified the operatioti of that learned professot.1 ), rgyk-streetj Feb. 6, 1841.woRtCES ¶rElt INIF'iMARXY.
Palmoplantar pustulosis: a clinical and immunohistological study
Authors: None Eriksson, None Hagforsen, None Lundin, None MichaËlsson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Pustulosis palmoplantaris (PPP) is a common chronic skin disease, which is very resistant to treatment. It is not known why the lesions are located in the palms and soles. There are few studies of the disease and in particular studies of the histology. Fifty‐nine patients with PPP answered a questionnaire concerning their medical history and 39 of them were clinically examined. Biopsy specimens were taken from involved skin in 22 of the 39 patients and studied immunohistologically for tryptase+ mast cells, EG2+ eosinophils, lipocalin+ neutrophils and CD3+ T lymphocytes. The sweat gland and sweat duct were visualized with AE1/AE3 antibody (cytokeratins 1–8, 10, 14/15, 16, 19). In addition to neutrophils in the pustule and lymphocytes in the upper dermis, there were also large numbers of mast cells and eosinophils in the subpustular area. Numerous eosinophils were present in the pustule. The epidermal part of the eccrine duct was not detectable in any of the specimens from patients with PPP but was present in all of the nine control persons (including two smokers). The results indicate that the acrosyringium is involved in the inflammation and also that mast cells and eosinophils participate in a hitherto unknown way. Of the 39 patients clinically examined, two had previously diagnosed thyroid disease and two had gluten hypersensitivity. Seventeen had one or several abnormal serum concentrations of thyroid‐stimulating hormone, thyroxin, antibodies against thyroglobulin or thyroperoxidase and 10 had immunoglobulin (Ig) A antibodies to gliadin. The mean ± SD for serum IgA and for eosinophil cationic protein was increased. From the questionnaire the most notable finding was that 56 of the 59 patients had been or still were smokers, all of whom had started smoking before the first signs of PPP. We hypothesize that the acrosyringium might be the target for the inflammation and that PPP is linked to autoimmune thyroid disease and smoking.
<scp>d</scp>-Dimer for the Exclusion of Acute Venous Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Paul D. Stein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Background: Despite extensive literature, the diagnostic role of d-dimer for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) remains unclear, reflecting multiple d-dimer assays and concerns about differing sensitivities and variability. Purpose: To systematically review trials that assessed sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and variability among d-dimer assays. Data Sources: Studies in all languages were identified by searching PubMed from 1983 to January 2003 and EMBASE from 1988 to January 2003. Study Selection: The researchers selected prospective studies that compared d-dimer with a reference standard. Studies of high methodologic quality were included in the primary analyses; sensitivity analysis included additional weaker studies. Data Extraction: Two authors collected data on study-level factors: d-dimer assay used, cutoff value, and whether patients had suspected DVT or PE. Data Synthesis: For DVT, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative rapid ELISA dominate the rank order for these values: sensitivity, 0.96 (95% confidence limit [CL], 0.91 to 1.00), and negative likelihood ratio, 0.12 (CL, 0.04 to 0.33); and sensitivity, 0.96 (CL, 0.90 to 1.00), and negative likelihood ratio, 0.09 (CL, 0.02 to 0.41), respectively. For PE, the ELISA and quantitative rapid ELISA also dominate the rank order for these values: sensitivity, 0.95 (CL, 0.85 to 1.00), and negative likelihood ratio, 0.13 (CL, 0.03 to 0.58); and sensitivity, 0.95 (CL, 0.83 to 1.00), and negative likelihood ratio, 0.13 (CL, 0.02 to 0.84), respectively. The ELISA and quantitative rapid ELISA have negative likelihood ratios that yield a high certainty for excluding DVT or PE. The positive likelihood values, which are in the general range of 1.5 to 2.5, do not greatly increase the certainty of diagnosis. Sensitivity analyses do not affect these findings. Limitations: Although many studies evaluated multiple d-dimer assays, findings are based largely on indirect comparisons of test performance characteristics across studies. Conclusion: The ELISAs in general dominate the comparative ranking among the d-dimer assays for sensitivity and negative likelihood ratio. For excluding PE or DVT, a negative result on quantitative rapid ELISA is as diagnostically useful as a normal lung scan or negative duplex ultrasonography finding.
EXPERIENCES WITH SCABIES.Read before the Section of Dermatology and Syphilography, at the Forty-third Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held in Detroit, Mich., June, 1892.
Authors: ELISHA CHENERY
Journal: JAMA (1893)

So long as scabies remains the important disease that it is—actively contagious, at times difficult of diagnosis and also of treatment, being often dovetailed into the community where it is found—so long is it a subject worthy of our consideration. What I have to relate bears upon the foregoing statements. Some years ago I entered upon a country practice where there had been a well-trained and able physician. How he missed certain cases of the itch I do not know, unless it were from the fact that they occurred in the foremost family in town, who were unwilling to admit that they could have the itch. Said the mother to me, "I thought it was poor folks that had the itch." I replied that the mites liked rich folks just as well, only their more liberal use of soap was in the parasite's way. In this family the father, who was
THREE CASES OF TUBERCULOSIS CUTIS VERRUCOSA.
Authors: M. B. HARTZELL
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Although that form of tuberculosis of the skin first described by Riehl and Paltauf, under the name of tuberculosis cutis verrucosa can no longer be regarded as a rare affection, and usually presents such well-marked and special features that its diagnosis is ordinarily made without any difficulty, I have thought that it might be of interest to report the three cases the subject of this paper, since each of them presents features, clinical and histologic, which are uncommon. The first case reported, presented in its early stages a form of cutaneous tuberculosis to which attention has not yet, so far as I am aware, been called. <h3>Case 1.</h3> —R. L., about 40 years of age, was referred to me for advice concerning an affection of the thumb which had existed for three years, in spite of much and varied treatment. The disease consisted of an irregularly outlined, noticeably elevated, bluish-red
The Influence of HIV Infection on Antibody Responses to a Two-Dose Regimen of Influenza Vaccine
Authors: Paolo G. Miotti, Kenrad E. Nelson, Gina A. Dallabetta, Homayoon Farzadegan, Joseph Margolick, Mary Lou Clements
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We studied whether a two-dose regimen of inactivated influenza virus vaccine was more effective than a single dose in inducing protective hemagglutinationinhibition antibody responses in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Participants included subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, subjects with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome—related complex, and HIV-seropositive individuals with either lymphadenopathy only or no symptoms. Control subjects were HIV-seronegative heterosexuals and HIV-seronegative homosexuals. Two doses of inactivated influenza vaccine containing 15 μg of the hemagglutinin of influenza A/Taiwan/1/86(H1N1), A/Leningrad/360/86(H3N2), and B/Ann Arbor/1/86 were administered intramuscularly in the deltoid region 1 month apart. The second dose of vaccine did not significantly increase the frequency or magnitude of antibody responses of either HIV-seropositive or HIV-seronegative subjects over that achieved by a single dose. The two-dose regimen induced a protective level (≥1:64) of hemagglutination-inhibition antibody to influenza A(H1N1) or (H3N2) virus less often in subjects with symptomatic HIV infection than in uninfected control subjects (39% vs 87% or 46% vs 97%, respectively). Our results suggest that a substantial proportion of individuals with symptomatic HIV infection might remain unprotected from influenza, even after immunization with a two-dose regimen. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:779-783)
Low frequency of calreticulin mutations in MDS patients
Authors: M Heuser, V Panagiota, C Koenecke, B Fehse, H Alchalby, A Badbaran, R Shahswar, M Stadler, M Eder, G Göhring, A Trummer, T Schroeder, G Kobbe, C Thiede, U Platzbecker, B Schlegelberger, N Kroeger, A Ganser, F Thol
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Platelet and Blood Vessel Arachidonate Metabolism and Interactions
Authors: Philip Needleman, Angela Wyche, Amiram Raz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Exogenous arachidonate addition to intact platelets, in the absence or the presence of blood vessel microsomes, results in the production of thromboxane B2 (the stable degradation product of thromboxane A2) only. Prostaglandin (PG) endoperoxides are released from intact platelets only when thromboxane synthetase is inhibited. Thus, addition of exogenous arachidonate to imidazole-pretreated platelets in the presence of bovine aorta microsomes (source of prostacyclin synthetase) results predominantly in the synthesis of 6-keto-PGF1α (the stable degradation product of prostacyclin). Strips of intact aorta were removed from aspirin-treated rabbits, thus the isolated blood vessels were unable to convert endogenous or exogenous arachidonate to prostacyclin. Human platelets, with [14C]arachidonate-labeled phospholipids, adhered to the blood vessel segments and released some thromboxane B2. The subsequent addition of thrombin facilitated the release of endogenous arachidonate and thromboxane, but no labeled 6-keto-PGF1α was detectable. There is therefore no direct chemical evidence of PG-endoperoxide release from human platelets during either aggregation or adhesion, which therefore precludes the possibility that blood vessels use platelet PG-endoperoxide for prostacyclin synthesis. Imidazole inhibited the thromboxane synthetase in the labeled platelets, and thereafter thrombin stimulation resulted in the release of platelet-derived, labeled PG-endoperoxides that were converted to labeled prostacyclin by the vascular prostacyclin synthetase. The latter result suggests a potential antithrombotic therapeutic benefit might be achieved using an effective thromboxane synthetase inhibitor.
The Longest House Call
Authors: Arthur M. Fournier
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

On Being a Doctor15 August 1996The Longest House CallArthur M. Fournier, MDArthur M. Fournier, MDSouth Shore Hospital, Miami Beach, FL 33139Note: Project Medishare is a voluntary organization of physicians, nurses, students, and other health professionals from the University of Miami dedicated to improving the health of the people of Haiti. Students, residents, or practicing physicians interested in volunteering in Haiti should contact Dr. Arthur M. Fournier, c/o Project Medishare, 600 Alton Road, Suite 502, Miami Beach, FL 33139.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-4-199608150-00015 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail It took 1.5 hours to make the 700-mile trip from Miami, Florida, to Port-au-Prince, Haiti. The trip from Port-au-Prince to Les Cayes, approximately 110 miles on a paved road, took 4 hours. After spending the night in Les Cayes, we embarked in our four-wheel-drive vehicles on the 50-mile, 5-hour journey across the mountainous spine of Haiti's southern peninsula to the coastal village of Pestel. The next morning, a Haitian captain took us in a wooden sailboat to Anse St. Marceau, Au Basse, and Z'Etoit. These villages, just to the east of Pestel, are accessible only by boat. It took 50 ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: South Shore Hospital, Miami Beach, FL 33139Note: Project Medishare is a voluntary organization of physicians, nurses, students, and other health professionals from the University of Miami dedicated to improving the health of the people of Haiti. Students, residents, or practicing physicians interested in volunteering in Haiti should contact Dr. Arthur M. Fournier, c/o Project Medishare, 600 Alton Road, Suite 502, Miami Beach, FL 33139.Acknowledgments: The author thanks Jorge Aviles and Gloria Denise Bradley-Fluellen for technical assistance.Corresponding Author: Arthur M. Fournier, MD, South Shore Hospital, 600 Alton Road, Suite 502, Miami Beach, FL 33139. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1996Volume 125, Issue 4Page: 341-342KeywordsChildrenOilsPediatric infectionsResidencyRunningSanitationSocial welfareSpineSurgerySweat Issue Published: 15 August 1996 CopyrightCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Muscular Weakness and Respiratory Function
Authors: Peter T. Macklem
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

THE inspiratory muscles are the only skeletal muscles vital to life, and the commonest threat to life in neuromuscular disorders is respiratory failure. Therefore, in patients with neuromuscular disorders leading to weakness, it is critically important to determine whether the disease is affecting the respiratory muscles. This is so obvious that it hardly seems worth mentioning, but it appears to be a difficult message to get across. This is particularly frustrating since assessing respiratory-muscle function is quick, cheap, reliable, and easy, and can be done at the bedside. It provides information that is both diagnostic and prognostic, has major therapeutic . . .
Plombage in the 1980s.
Authors: M P Shepherd
Journal: Thorax (1985)

Before the days of antituberculous chemotherapy various surgical methods were used to collapse tuberculous pulmonary cavities.'These included ar- tificial pneumothorax (often requiring adhesion sec- tion), phrenic nerve crush, and the major operations of extrapleural or extraperiosteal pneumonolysis and thoracoplasty.The latter had several disadvan- tages23 (table 1) and pneumothorax techniques were plagued by rapid disappearance of the air, and by infection or haemorrhage4 in the space.Extrapleural pneumonolysis consisted of mobilis- ing the cavitated apex of a lung in the extrapleural plane.5 Advantages were that a tuberculous cavity was less likely to be breached and it was a single stage operation that did not interfere with the integ- rity of the chest wall.The collapse had to be main- tained, however, and it was in the continuing search for substances other than air suitable to fill the space that plombage evolved.Over the years many tissues and materials were tried as a filler, or plombe, with varying degrees of success6-12 (table 2).When the more unyielding plastics became available, extraperiosteal pneumonolysis was preferred'3 because a thicker, tougher base was presented to the plombe inside the ribcage (the "birdcage opera- tion").It was thought moreover that subsequent os- sification might deter late migration of the foreign material.Plombage was considered to have several advan- tages over thoracoplasty'4 (table 3) and was used, especially from 1948 to 1955, either alone or in combination with limited thoracoplasty.'5The prime indication for plombage was the presence of an apical cavity less than 4 cm in diameter at or above the first interspace on the chest radiograph (fig 1).A review of major surgery in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in the year 1953-4 was
Is cough as effective as chest physiotherapy in the removal of excessive tracheobronchial secretions?
Authors: J R Bateman, S P Newman, K M Daunt, N F Sheahan, D Pavia, S W Clarke
Journal: Thorax (1981)

The relative value of chest physiotherapy (including cough) and cough alone for the removal of excessive tracheobronchial secretions has been assessed in six patients with stable chronic obstructive lung disease. After labelling with inhaled radioactive tracer particles, clearance of secretions from selected central and peripheral lung regions was followed with a gamma camera linked to a computer. Cough alone and chest physiotherapy (including cough) were equally effective in the enhancement of central lung clearance. Physiotherapy but not cough along accelerated peripheral lung clearance (p less than 0.05). Sputum yield was greater during physiotherapy than during cough (p less than 0.05). These findings confirm the value of chest physiotherapy and high-light the limitation of cough in patients with excessive tracheobronchial secretion and impaired mucociliary clearance.
RADIUM IN THE TREATMENT OF MENORRHAGIA AND IRREGULAR UTERINE HAEMORRHAGE
Authors: M. Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1930)

Class C conitains those cases wlhiel slhow the original disease in a still active form, or havo had sonme otlher sign of tuberculous irlfcction.Of these there are 6.Class D inicludes patients wlho liave died sinice discharge.There are 6 of these, anid with one possible exception, in which death is stated to have been due to " inifluienza," they have all died of tuberculosis of lung or kidney.Tulo main fact which emerges is that out of 129 patients wlho are knowii, no fewer thian-110 remain l)erfectly well.Those figures are in welcome contrast to the gloomy views often expressed, wlich are usually the vaguest of impres- sioins not backed by any actual figures.Pessimism in tuberculosis is dlmie miiainly to the fact that, as with other diseases) it is chiefly the failures that come back.Finallya11, it is contended-and' probably with reason-that opelrative tr-eatmiienit miiay shorten the length of the time nee(led for recovery.In this respect it is worth noting that the average residence in the institution of these 170 paticists was three years and two months.
Trading spaces: A promissory note to solve relational mapping problems
Authors: Karl Haberlandt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Clark &amp; Thornton (C&amp;T) have demonstrated the paradox between the opacity of the transformations that underlie relational mappings and the ease with which people learn such mappings. However, C&amp;T's trading-spaces proposal resolves the paradox only in the broadest outline. The general-purpose algorithm promised by C&amp;T remains to be developed. The strategy of doing so is to analyze and formulate computational mechanisms for known cases of recoding.
Pleural Fluid Acidosis and Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: STEVEN A. SAHN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1982Pleural Fluid Acidosis and Diaphragmatic HerniaSTEVEN A. SAHN, M.D., DAVID D. COLLINS, M.D.STEVEN A. SAHN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID D. COLLINS, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-96-3-380_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Causes of pleural fluid acidosis (less than 7.30) include empyema, malignancy, collagen vascular disease (rheumatoid pleurisy and lupus pleuritis), esophageal rupture, tuberculosis, occasionally hemothorax, and pancreatic pseudocyst (one reported case) (1, 2). We wish to report another cause of pleural fluid acidosis, incarcerated diaphragmatic hernia.A 39-year-old man was hospitalized with epigastric pain. In the previous 2 years he had had both a stab wound and auto trauma to the left chest. On admission he was afebrile, had absent breath sounds in the lower two thirds of the left hemithorax, and mild epigastric tenderness. He had normal...References1. GOODTARYLEMAULITZKAPLANSAHN JDRRS. The diagnostic value of pleural fluid pH. Chest. 1980;783:55-9. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. FUNAHASHISARKARKORY ATR. Measurement of respiratory gases and pH of pleural fluid. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1973;108:1266-8. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. TARYLEGOODSAHN DJS. Acid generation by pleural fluid: possible role in the determination of pleural fluid pH. J Lab Clin Med. 1979;93:1041-6. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center Denver, CO 80262 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBowel herniation through the torn diaphragm: II. Intestinal herniationPleural fluid pH: Diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic valueDiagnosis and treatment of malignant pleural effusionDiagnostic Procedures for Pleural DiseasePleural effusion 1 March 1982Volume 96, Issue 3Page: 380-381KeywordsHerniaInterstitial lung diseasesThorax Issue Published: 1 March 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Critical Role of Transcription Factor Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator in β <sub>1</sub> -Adrenoceptor–Mediated Cardiac Dysfunction
Authors: Geertje Lewin, Marek Matus, Abhijit Basu, Karin Frebel, Sebastian Pius Rohsbach, Andrej Safronenko, Matthias Dodo Seidl, Frank Stümpel, Igor Buchwalow, Simone König, Stefan Engelhardt, Martin J. Lohse, Wilhelm Schmitz, Frank Ulrich Müller
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Chronic stimulation of the beta(1)-adrenoceptor (beta(1)AR) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of heart failure; however, underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. The regulation by transcription factors cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and cyclic AMP response element modulator (CREM) represents a fundamental mechanism of cyclic AMP-dependent gene control possibly implicated in beta(1)AR-mediated cardiac deterioration.We studied the role of CREM in beta(1)AR-mediated cardiac effects, comparing transgenic mice with heart-directed expression of beta(1)AR in the absence and presence of functional CREM. CREM inactivation protected from cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, fibrosis, and left ventricular dysfunction in beta(1)AR-overexpressing mice. Transcriptome and proteome analysis revealed a set of predicted CREB/CREM target genes including the cardiac ryanodine receptor, tropomyosin 1alpha, and cardiac alpha-actin as altered on the mRNA or protein level along with the improved phenotype in CREM-deficient beta(1)AR-transgenic hearts.The results imply the regulation of genes by CREM as an important mechanism of beta(1)AR-induced cardiac damage in mice.