tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Immunomodulators on Effector Cells Involved in Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity: Brief Communication2
Authors: A. Tagliabue, A. Mantovani, N. Polentarutti, A. Vecchi, F. Spreafico
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Journal Article Effect of Immunomodulators on Effector Cells Involved in Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity: Brief Communication Get access A. Tagliabue, A. Tagliabue Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Mantovani, A. Mantovani Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. Polentarutti, N. Polentarutti Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Vecchi, A. Vecchi Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. Spreafico F. Spreafico Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 59, Issue 3, September 1977, Pages 1019–1022, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/59.3.1019 Published: 01 September 1977 Article history Received: 01 December 1976 Accepted: 14 March 1977 Published: 01 September 1977
Prospective audit examing the resting energy expenditure (REE) of paediatric patients with CF
Authors: Marianne O Reilly, Clodagh Dempsey, Denise Moran, Mary Morgan, Dubhfeasa Slattery, Fiona Healy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

REE represents the calories required over a 24-hour period by the body during an inactive period. REE is 10-20% greater in CF patients than in healthy controls (Vaisman N et al. J pediatr, 1987, 111, 496-500: Buchdahl RM et al. J App Phys, 1988, 64, 1810-16). The reasons for this are poorly understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate factors that may influence REE in CF. REE was measured with indirect calorimetry in 35 patients (females = 12) at respiratory baseline (9.5yrs-15.2yrs) during routine review. Other parameters collected at this time point included lung function (FEV1), weight, height, genotype and PEG. Mean REE was 107% predicted. The increase was greater in females (110%) than males (102%). There was no significant difference in REE in the pubertal group. A small positive association was found between age and REE. There was a small positive correlation between FEV1 and REE. Increased weight was associated with higher REE. There was no association between height and REE. Those homozygous for Delta f508 (17/35) had lower % REE than those with other genotypes (105 v 121) but these results were not statistically significant. Those with PEG tubes (12/35) had lower REE than those without (105 V 115) and also had a lower FEV1 (60% V 91%). Overall, while REE was elevated it was lower than seen in other studies. The higher REE seen in females is well documented in other studies. The higher REE seen in those with better FEV1 and non homozygous delta f508 genotypes should in future be interpreted alongside body composition and physical activity levels. It is possible that those with PEG have lower REE due to reduced physical effort as a result of decreased lung function.
Role of Photosensitization and Oxygen in Chromosome Stability and “Spontaneous” Malignant Transformation in Culture&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K K Sanford, R Parshad, G Jones, S Handleman, C Garrison, F Price
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Visible light and oxygen enhanced both chromosome instability and malignant transformation of mouse cells in culture. Nine cell lines were initiated from 8 pools of 10- to 13-day C3H embryos. Each cell line was divided into sublines, which were either maintained shielded from light or were exposed for 3 or 24 hours to fluorescent light (approximately 150 foot-candles) two or three times weekly. Cultures of the sublines were also maintained with either a gaseous phase of 0-1% oxygen or atmospheric (18%) oxygen. Each line was monitored for cytologic manifestations of malignant neoplastic transformation, and 8 lines were monitored for chromosome alterations. Seven lines were assayed for tumorigenicity by intraocular implantation into syngeneic hosts. Repeated light exposure and/or high oxygen increased the frequency of minute chromosomes, which result from chromatid breaks, and also increased the rate of shift from diploid to heteroploid state. Four cell lines showed no cytologic changes indicative of neoplastic change during the test period. Two of these were assayed in vivo and failed to grow as tumors. In the remaining 6 lines, cytologically neoplastic colonies appeared earlier or more abundantly in the light-exposed cultures and/or those gassed with high oxygen. In 3 of these lines, tumors developed only from the light-exposed cultures; in the other 2, tumor latency periods were significantly shorter in the cultures exposed to light or gassed with atmospheric oxygen.
European multicentre study to define disease activity criteria for systemic sclerosis. I. Clinical and epidemiological features of 290 patients from 19 centres
Authors: A Della Rossa
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

OBJECTIVE To investigate the existence of differences among European referral centres for systemic sclerosis (SSc) in the pattern of attendance and referral and in the clinical and therapeutical approaches. METHODS In 1995 the European Scleroderma Study Group initiated a multicentre prospective one year study whose aim was to define the disease activity criteria in SSc. During the study period each participating European centre was asked to enrol consecutive patients satisfying American College of Rheumatology criteria for SSc and to fill out for each of them a standardised clinical chart. Patients from various centres were compared and differences in epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutical aspects were analysed. RESULTS Nineteen different medical research centres consecutively recruited 290 patients. The patients could be divided into two subgroups: 173 with the limited (lSSc) and 117 with the diffuse (dSSc) form of the disease. The clinical and serological findings for the series of 290 patients seemed to be similar to data previously reported. However, when the data were analysed to elicit any differences between the participating centres, a high degree of variability emerged, in both epidemiological and clinical features and in the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to the disease. CONCLUSIONS The clinical approach to SSc, not only in different countries but also in different centres within the same country, is not yet standardised. To overcome this problem, it will be necessary for the scientific community to draw up a standardised procedure for the management of patients with SSc. This would provide a common research tool for different centres engaged in research on this complex disease.
Diverse Xenotropic Virus Expressions in Two NZB Mouse Breeding Lines That Differ in Chromosome Breakage&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C Bernard, I Emerit
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Two breeding lines of the NZB/BI mouse strain, which was originated from Bielschowsky's stock and maintained as a conventional inbred colony since 1963, were developed by selective matings according to chromosome breakage incidence in bone marrow cells. These breeding lines were used because they represent an interesting experimental model, since they differ in the manifestations of the autoimmune process and the incidence of lymphomas. The present study showed that embryos from both breeding lines differed in the expression of the xenotropic type C RNA virus, characteristic of NZB mice. All 17 cultures initiated with embryos from the line showing high chromosome breakage (HB) had positive reverse transcriptase (RT) reactions after cocultivation with an indicator cell line (SIRC). On the contrary, only 3 of the 22 embryos from the line showing low chromosome breakage (LB) had RT activity at late passages (7-10). The chromosome studies done on these embryo cultures showed highly significant differences in the chromosome breakage incidence for the 2 breeding lines [10.6 and 20.5% of cells with aberrations for LB and HB embryos, respectively (P less than 0.001)].
SOLAR RADIATION DAMAGE AND THE INDUCTION OF SKIN CANCER.
Authors: B.E. Johnson, I.A. Magnus, J.E. White
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Journal Article SOLAR RADIATION DAMAGE AND THE INDUCTION OF SKIN CANCER: An International Workshop‐meeting, Lausanne, Switzerland, 26–29 September 1978 Get access B.E. Johnson, B.E. Johnson Department of Photobiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY Dr B.E.Johnson, Department of Dermatology, Level 8 Polyclinic Area, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.A. Magnus, I.A. Magnus Department of Photobiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.E. White J.E. White Department of Photobiology, Ninewells Hospital, Dundee DD1 9SY Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 100, Issue 5, 1 May 1979, Pages 593–595, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1979.tb05587.x Published: 01 May 1979
Increased Expression of Dopamine Receptors in Synovial Fibroblasts From Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: Inhibitory Effects of Dopamine on Interleukin‐8 and Interleukin‐6
Authors: Silvia Capellino, Marco Cosentino, Alessandra Luini, Raffaella Bombelli, Torsten Lowin, Maurizio Cutolo, Franca Marino, Rainer H. Straub
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective Observations in both animal models of arthritis and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggest a role for dopamine and its receptors in RA. Because synovial fibroblasts (SFs) contribute to inflammation and joint destruction in RA, the aim of this study was to investigate dopaminergic pathways in SFs obtained from patients with RA and, for comparison, in SFs from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) undergoing knee joint replacement surgery. Methods The expression of all dopamine receptors (D 1 –D 5 ) and dopamine transporter was assessed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining. The levels of dopamine receptor and tyrosine hydroxylase messenger RNA were measured by real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The intracellular content of dopamine, its precursor, and its main metabolites was assayed by high‐performance liquid chromatography. The influence of dopamine on proinflammatory interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and IL‐8, matrix metalloproteinase 3, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP‐1) and TIMP‐2 was studied in SFs. Results SFs possess an intrinsic dopaminergic system, including dopamine receptors, dopamine transporter, and tyrosine hydroxylase, and contain dopamine, its precursor, and its main metabolites. SFs from patients with RA, in comparison with those from patients with OA, showed increased expression of dopamine receptors D 1 and D 5 , and exogenous dopamine strongly inhibited the production of IL‐8 in patients with RA. Conclusion SFs from patients with RA and patients with OA show a dopaminergic phenotype. The expression of D1‐like dopamine receptors was higher in RASFs, and this increased expression may lead to antiinflammatory effects, as demonstrated by the expression of IL‐8. Studies in animal models and patients with RA are needed to assess the therapeutic potential of endogenous, local production of dopamine in synoviocytes.
Efficacy and safety of high-dose interleukin-2 treatment in patients with a history of brain metastases from renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Ashwin Chandar, Ann W Silk, Joseph I Clark, Gregory A Daniels, David F McDermott, Michael Morse, Michael KK Wong, Mark Stein, Janice Mehnert, Shabbar Danish, Sandra Aung, Howard L Kaufman
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2015)

Meeting abstracts The efficacy and safety of high dose IL-2 therapy in patients with brain metastases due to renal cell carcinoma is not well characterized. Data were prospectively collected in a registry of 371 patients with RCC receiving high-dose IL-2, including 18 patients with a history of
A retrospective review of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay performance in bronchoalveolar lavage samples in a London hospital
Authors: Muhammad Saleem Anwar, Clare Ross, Melissa Wickremasinghe, Graham Cooke, Annette Jepson, Onn Min Kon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND:   The Gene Xpert® MTB/RIF test has been validated in sputum samples, facilitating rapid mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) diagnosis with improved sensitivity compared to smear status alone. Its utility in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples is unclear.   AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:   To examine the sensitivity of the Xpert® MTB/RIF test in BAL samples and evaluate its use as a rapid diagnostic test in non-productive patients undergoing bronchoscopy.   METHODS:   We conducted a retrospective analysis of all culture-proven MTB samples (n=43) acquired by BAL between 01.08.2009 and 31.07.2012. 28 of these samples were also sent for PCR testing. We assessed the proportion of MTB PCR positive samples and compared these results with smear status and time to culture positivity.   RESULTS:   21/28 of the culture-proven cases sent for MTB PCR were PCR positive, giving a sensitivity (if culture is taken as the 9gold standard9) of 75%. 14/28 and 17/43 samples were smear positive. Of the 14 smear negative culture positive samples sent for PCR, 50% were PCR positive. All smear positive cases were PCR positive. The PCR positive samples had a lower mean time to positivity: 12 days vs. 16.3 days for PCR negative samples (p=0.052). There were no cases of rifampicin resistance. Incidentally 4 additional PCR positive samples were identified which were culture negative, in patients with clinically likely TB.   CONCLUSIONS:   This data supports the use of the Xpert® MTB/RIF assay in the diagnosis of pulmonary MTB in BAL fluid, with a sensitivity of 75% (if not higher given the likely cases detected exclusively by PCR) when compared to MTB culture, adding additional value to simple smear.
Lesson of the week: Emergence of classic enteropathy after longstanding gluten sensitive oral ulceration
Authors: U. Srinivasan, D. G Weir, C. Feighery, C. O'Farrelly
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The mechanisms responsible for recurrent oral ulcers have yet to be defined. Oral ulcers occur in several conditions, including connective tissue disease, viral infections, and gastrointestinal disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and gluten sensitive enteropathy or coeliac disease. Treatment of gluten sensitivity with a diet that is free of gluten results in resolution of small intestinal lesions and often also oral ulcers.1 While some patients present with gluten sensitivity and recurrent oral ulcers without gastrointestinal abnormalities,2 the possibility that some of these patients may subsequently develop enteropathy has not been confirmed. We report on a patient with gluten sensitivity and oral ulcers who developed abnormalities of the small intestine without gastrointestinal symptoms after many years of surveillance.

A 14 year old boy presented to the coeliac outpatient clinic in St James's Hospital, Dublin, with a history of oral ulcers since 3 years of age. His mother had longstanding coeliac disease but had had no oral ulcers; there was no …
Glucose metabolism abnormalities in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients
Authors: Monika Targowska, Robert Plywaczewski, Luiza Jonczak, Anna Czyzak-Gradkowska, Pawel Sliwinski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Obstructive sleep apnoea may be recognized a risk factor of diabetes type 2. The aim of this study was to assess an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in OSA subjects. We studied 305 OSA pts [234 males (76.7%) and 71 females (23.3%)], mean age = 56.4±10.9 years, AHI = 42.2±20.9, BMI = 33.1±5.5 kg/m2). Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (plasma level ≥ 140 mg% after 2 hours of administration 75 g glucose) was found in 81 subjects (26.6%). Among them in 13 patients (4.3%) OGTT allowed to diagnose diabetes (glucose ≥ 200 mg%). Comparison of OSA patients with- and without IGT is shown in the table.  Multiple linear regression analysis confirmed significant correlation between AHI (s=0.13, p=0.04), age (s=0.21, p=0.0002), min SaO2 (s= -0.18, p=0.035) and IGT.  Logistic regression revealed significant correlation between abnormal results of OGTT and arterial hypertension.  Conclusions: Impaired glucose tolerance was frequent in OSA subjects (near 30%). OSA patients with IGT were older and had higher prevalence of arterial hypertension. HBA1C is a good parameter of glucose metabolism in OSA patients.
Efficacy and safety of a novel nicotine mouth spray in smoking cessation: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind, multicenter study with 52-week follow up
Authors: Philip Tonnesen, Hans Lauri, Roland Perfekt, Anil Batra, Karl Mann
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The study was a randomized (2:1) double-blind, placebo-controlled, low-intensity counceling study of the efficacy of a novel nicotine mouth spray (1 mg/spray) as an aid to smoking cessation. The study enrolled daily cigarette smokers, aged 18 years or older, who were motivated to quit and who had a CO level of ≥10 ppm. During Weeks 1-6, they were instructed to use 1-2 sprays whenever they would normally have smoked a cigarette, or whenever they experienced cravings to smoke, up to a maximum dose of 4 sprays per hour, and 64 sprays per day. The dose was tapered down during Weeks 7-12. Low intensity counseling was provided during the study.  Continuous CO-verified abstinence rates (CAR) were measured from Week 2 and were statistically significantly higher with active treatment than placebo. CAR after 6 weeks and 52 weeks were 26.1% vs. 16.1% and 13.8% vs. 5.6% (RR: 2.48, (95% CI; 1.24-4.94)) for active vs. placebo, respectively.  Treatment-related adverse events were common with both active and placebo, and were reported by 87% of subjects who used active spray and 71% of subjects who used placebo spray. Most adverse events reported were mild to moderate, and only 9.1% of participants in the active group and 7.5% in the placebo group withdrew due to adverse events.  In conclusion, these findings show that the nicotine mouth spray is a well-tolerated and effective aid to smoking cessation. At one year, the OR for sustained abstinence with active spray versus placebo was 2.7, and the RR was 2.5. Adverse events were common with both active spray and placebo, but were mostly mild to moderate, and generally tolerated.
Comparative clinical trial of granisetron and ondansetron in the prophylaxis of cisplatin-induced emesis. The Granisetron Study Group.
Authors: R Navari, D Gandara, P Hesketh, S Hall, J Mailliard, H Ritter, C Friedman, D Fitts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE To compare the efficacy and safety of granisetron and ondansetron, serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists shown to be effective in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced emesis. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a double-blind, randomized, stratified, parallel-group study, the efficacy and safety of granisetron and ondansetron were compared in 987 chemotherapy-naive patients who received cisplatin in doses &gt; or = 60 mg/m2. Granisetron was administered as a single dose of 10 or 40 micrograms/kg before the start of chemotherapy. Ondansetron was administered in doses of 0.15 mg/kg before and 4 and 8 hours after the start of chemotherapy. The three treatment groups were well-matched with respect to demographic characteristics and the dose of cisplatin administered. RESULTS For all evaluations, single doses of granisetron 10 or 40 micrograms/kg were as effective as three 0.15-mg/kg doses of ondansetron. Total control (no vomiting, no retching, no nausea, and no use of rescue) was attained by 38%, 41%, and 39% of all patients who received granisetron 10 microgram/kg, granisetron 40 micrograms/kg, and ondansetron, respectively. No vomiting or retching and no use of rescue antiemetics were reported in 47%, 48%, and 51% of patients who received granisetron 10 micrograms/kg, granisetron 40 micrograms/kg, and ondansetron, respectively; no nausea and no use of rescue antiemetics were reported in 39%, 42%, and 40% of patients, respectively. CONCLUSION All three treatment regimens were well-tolerated. The results of this study indicate that a single dose of granisetron 10 or 40 micrograms/kg is as effective as three doses of ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg in the prevention of nausea and vomiting induced by cisplatin chemotherapy.
Human-associated Staphylococcus aureus strains within great ape populations in Central Africa (Gabon)
Authors: M. Nagel, J. Dischinger, M. Türck, D. Verrier, M. Oedenkoven, B. Ngoubangoye, G. Le Flohic, J.F. Drexler, G. Bierbaum, J.-P. Gonzalez
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)
Colon Epithelium. I. Light Microscopic, Histochemical, and Ultrastructural Features of Normal Colon Epithelium of Male Fischer 344 Rats&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: A K Shamsuddin, B F Trump
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Although the colon of the inbred F344 rat is not distinctly demarcated into ascending, transverse, and descending segments as in the human colon, it can roughly be divided into ascending and descending portions that show distinct light microscopic, histochemical, and ultrastructural features. The ascending colon is characterized by a "herringbone" pattern of mucosal folds and test-tube-shaped uniform crypts that contain mucous cells (MC) with abundant mucin (acidic mucopolysaccharide--mostly sialomucin) in the lower one-third of the crypt, whereas the upper one-third contains two putative cell populations: 1) MC containing large globules of neutral mucopolysaccharide or sulfomucin and 2) columnar cells (CC), the full capabilities of which are unknown. The descending colon has longitudinal folds and contains sparse MC with small mucous granules at the lower one-third of the crypt, whereas the upper one-third contains numerous goblet cells. Neutral mucopolysaccharide is sparse and the acidic mucin is exclusively sulfated. Histochemically, the descending segment of the rat colon resembles the human descending colon in that the predominant type of mucus is sulfomucin. Ultrastructurally, the cell types observed in both the ascending colon and the descending colon are: a) MC, b) CC, c) endocrine cells, and d) undifferentiated cells.