tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18242: Maladaptive Remodeling in Women with Signs and Symptoms of Ischemia and Elevated Left Ventricular End-diastolic Pressure
Authors: Omeed Elboudwarej, Janet Wei, Sherwin Dela Cruz, Louise E Thomson, Quanlin Li, John Petersen, David Anderson, Puja Mehta, Chrisandra Shufelt, Andre Rogatko, Daniel Berman, Eileen Handberg, George Sopko, Carl J Pepine, C. Noel Bairey Merz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Women with signs and symptoms of ischemia but no obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) often have elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). We have previously demonstrated that this is linked with coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). However, elevated LVEDP in the absence of CMD has not been well examined.   Methods:  182 women with signs and symptoms of ischemia and no obstructive CAD underwent invasive coronary reactivity testing (CRT), LVEDP measurement at rest, and rest cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI, 1.5 T). CMD was assessed using a Doppler wire in the left anterior descending artery and intracoronary injections of adenosine and acetylcholine. Overall, 35/182 (19%) women had no evidence of CMD, with coronary flow reserve ≥ 2.5, coronary blood flow response ≥ 50%, and acetylcholine diameter response > 0%. CMRI measured LV size, mass and function. Two-sample T test and Fisher Exact Test were used for statistical analysis.   Results:  Of the 35 women without CMD, 20 (57%) had elevated LVEDP (≥15 mmHg) (mean 18 ± 3 mmHg) compared to 15 with normal LVEDP (11 ± 3 mmHg). The elevated LVEDP group had significantly lower end-diastolic volume index (EDVI) and end-systolic volume index (ESVI) and a higher mass-to-volume ratio compared to the normal LVEDP group (Table). Resting systolic and diastolic blood pressures were also higher in the elevated LVEDP group. All other functional parameters were not significantly different.   Conclusion:  The presence of elevated LVEDP is associated with a significantly higher mass-to-volume ratio and lower EDVI and ESVI in women without CMD. Prior studies have shown that increased mass-to-volume ratio is independently associated with increased cardiovascular events, especially heart failure. These results suggest that these women may have a maladaptive remodeling process and that this phenotype should not be ignored despite having no evidence of CMD on CRT.
Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia-related changes showing basophilic differentiation
Authors: Robyn Wells, Bronwyn Williams, Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

According to the 2008 World Health Organization classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues1, a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) could be made at presentation on the basis of the peripheral blood blast count (90%) despite bone marrow blast cells being only 12%. The leukemia could be further categorised as AML with myelodysplasia-related changes on the basis both of the dysplasia (more than 50% of cells in two lineages) and the complex karyotype. Despite the prominent basophilic differentiation, the diagnosis is not acute basophilic leukemia since, in the hierarchical WHO classification, the myelodysplasia-related changes take precedence. Basophilic differentiation can be clinically relevant since occasional patients have features of histamine excess – urticaria and peptic ulceration2 – and an anaphylactoid reaction following chemotherapy has been reported3.
Abstract 15647: Incidence and Outcomes of Hospitalizations Associated With Adverse Effects of Anticoagulation in Therapeutic Use
Authors: Navdeep Gupta, Anne Elixhauser, Sripal Bangalore, David D Gutterman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Over the last ten years there has been a significant increase in anticoagulation use in various conditions. However, trends in incidence and outcomes of adverse events associated with anticoagulation are not well defined. Methods: We analyzed patients in the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2002-2011 with co-diagnosis of adverse effects of anticoagulation in therapeutic use. Primary outcome was trend in hospital admissions with adverse effects from anticoagulation. Secondary outcome was trends in in-hospital mortality. Results: During our analysis hospital admissions associate with adverse effects of anticoagulation increased 135.5% from 99,383 in 2002 to 234,046 in 2011. During the same period the number of hospitalizations with patients on long term anticoagulation more than tripled from 422,145 to 1,557,603. The most common probable indications for anticoagulation were atrial fibrillation (50.2%), personal history of venous thrombosis (12.5%) and prosthetic heart valve (7.1%). Clinical patterns of bleeding were gastrointestinal (15.7%), intracranial hemorrhage (2.5%) and gross hematuria (1.5%). Blood transfusion during index hospitalization with adverse effects of anticoagulation increased as well (27.4% in 2002 to 36.0% in 2011, p&lt;0.001). Mortality increased from 5,564 to 12,233 during the same period, an increase of 119%. Age, male sex, metastatic disease, electrolyte abnormality and weight loss were independent predictors of mortality. There was a steady decrease in risk adjusted yearly odds of mortality with time with 2002 as the index year (1.254 in 2003 to 0.716 in 2011). Conclusions: Our analysis showed an increasing trend in hospitalizations associated with adverse effects from therapeutic use of anticoagulants. With increasing use of these agents for appropriate guideline recommended indications caution needs to be exercised in patients with increased bleeding risk.
Recombinant allergen-based monitoring of antibody responses during injection grass pollen immunotherapy and after 5 years of discontinuation
Authors: E. Gadermaier, J. Staikuniene, S. Scheiblhofer, J. Thalhamer, M. Kundi, K. Westritschnig, I. Swoboda, S. Flicker, R. Valenta
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Gadermaier E, Staikuniene J, Scheiblhofer S, Thalhamer J, Kundi M, Westritschnig K, Swoboda I, Flicker S, Valenta R. Recombinant allergen–based monitoring of antibody responses during injection grass pollen immunotherapy and after 5 years of discontinuation. Allergy 2011; 66: 1174–1182. Background: Subcutaneous injection immunotherapy (SCIT) is considered as antigen-specific and disease-modifying treatment with long-lasting effect. Methods: We used a panel of recombinant grass pollen allergens for analyzing allergen-specific IgE, IgG1-IgG4, IgM, IgA, and light-chain (kappa, lambda) responses in grass pollen–allergic patients who had received one course of injection immunotherapy (SCIT) with an aluminum hydroxide-adsorbed grass pollen extract or only anti-inflammatory treatment. Serum samples were analyzed before and after 5 months of treatment as well as after 5 years. Results: After 5 months of SCIT but not of anti-inflammatory treatment, IgG1 > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgA antibody responses using both kappa and lambda light chains specific for major grass pollen allergens (Phl p 1, Phl p 5, Phl p 6, Phl p 2) increased significantly, whereas specific IgM or IgG3 levels were unaltered. Allergen-dependent basophil degranulation was only inhibited with SCIT sera containing therapy-induced allergen-specific IgG antibodies. Likewise, decreases in Phl p 1- and Phl p 5-specific IgE levels and significant (P < 0.001) reduction in symptom and medication scores were found only in the SCIT group but not in the group of patients receiving anti-inflammatory treatment. After 5 years, allergen-specific IgG antibody levels in the SCIT group had returned to baseline levels and there was no significant difference regarding symptoms between the SCIT and non-SCIT groups. Conclusion: The results from our observational study demonstrate that only SCIT but not anti-inflammatory treatment induces allergen-specific IgG and reduces boosts of allergen-specific IgE production but that one SCIT course was not sufficient to achieve long-term immunological and clinical effects.
Safety of antitumour necrosis factor-α therapy in psoriatic patients with hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: L. Nosotti, F. Francesconi, S. Izzi, E. Berardesca, A. Morrone, C. Bonifati
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Safety of antitumour necrosis factor‐α therapy in psoriatic patients with hepatitis B virus infection Get access L. Nosotti, L. Nosotti National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty, Via di San Gallicano 25/A, 00153 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Francesconi, F. Francesconi Department of Clinical Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Izzi, S. Izzi Department of Clinical Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Berardesca, E. Berardesca Department of Clinical Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Morrone, A. Morrone National Institute for Health, Migration and Poverty, Via di San Gallicano 25/A, 00153 Rome, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Bonifati C. Bonifati Department of Clinical Dermatology, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute, IRCCS, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy Claudio Bonifati. E‐mail: psoriasi@ifo.it Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 162, Issue 6, 1 June 2010, Pages 1408–1410, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09714.x Published: 01 June 2010
Abstract 2436: Tricuspid E/Ea is a Powerful Predictor of Cardiac Events in Patients with Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Hiroto Utsunomiya, Satoshi Nakatani, Takenori Okada, Hideaki Kanzaki, Shingo Kyotani, Hideya Yamamoto, Norifumi Nakanishi, Yasuki Kihara, Masafumi Kitakaze
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Right ventricular (RV) filling pressure can be estimated using tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) from the tricuspid lateral annulus. There are sparse data on the significance of estimated RV filling pressure in predicting the prognosis of chronic pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods: In 50 consecutive patients with chronic PH undergoing right heart catheterization, early diastolic myocardial velocity (E a ) at the tricuspid lateral annulus and early diastolic tricuspid inflow (E) were obtained from 4-chamber view using TDI. The tricuspid E/E a ratio was calculated and compared with the invasive hemodynamic variables including pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP), mean right atrial pressure (RAP) and RV end-diastolic pressure (RVEDP). Cardiac events including cardiac death or rehospitalization due to RV failure were assessed at long-term follow-up (mean 14.0±1.4 months). Results: The tricuspid E/E a ratio was significantly positively correlated with RAP (r=0.80, p&lt;0.001) and RVEDP (r=0.72, p&lt;0.001), irrespective of RV systolic function (depressed RV systolic function, n=32, r=0.81; preserved RV systolic function, n=18, r=0.75; both p&lt;0.001). An E/Ea ratio &gt; 7.3 had a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 97% for mean RAP ≥ 10mmHg. We divided patients into group A with cardiac events (n=19) and group B without events (n=31). There was no significant difference in PASP between the groups. However, serum brain natriuretic peptide and E/Ea ratio were significantly higher in group A than in group B (349±310 vs 129±136 pg/dl, p=0.001; 7.0±3.2 vs 4.5±.9, p=0.004, respectively). Multivariate Cox’s analysis using TDI and conventional echocardiographic variables showed that the tricuspid E/E a ratio (relative risk 1.226, 95%CI 1.011–1.486, p = 0.039) and RA area index (relative risk 1.078, 95%CI 1.002–1.159, p = 0.043) were predictive for cardiac events. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed patients with E/E a &gt; 7.3 had a significantly worse outcome than those with E/E a ≤ 7.3 (log-lank: 10.5, p = 0.0012). Conclusion: RV filling pressure can be well estimated using the tricuspid E/Ea ratio. This index and RA size are powerful predictors of cardiac events in patients with chronic PH, suggesting the prognostic importance of RV diastolic dysfunction.
408. Developing Lentiviral Vectors for Specific Gene Expression in CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Kit L. Shaw, Karen Pepper, Denise Petersen, Donald B. Kohn
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

In certain applications of gene therapy, regulated (rather than constitutive) gene expression will be crucial for proper function or optimal effect of the delivered gene. Therefore, an important goal of gene therapy is to be able to deliver genes so that they express in a pattern that recapitulates the expression of an endogenous cellular gene. Additionally, regulating transgene expression will be an important component of efforts for reducing risks of adverse advents associated with gene therapy with integrating vectors.
A Prospective, Randomized Evaluation of a Novel Everolimus-Eluting Coronary Stent
Authors: Gregg W. Stone, Paul S. Teirstein, Ian T. Meredith, Bruno Farah, Christophe L. Dubois, Robert L. Feldman, Joseph Dens, Nobuhisa Hagiwara, Dominic J. Allocco, Keith D. Dawkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Discriminating between essential thrombocythemia and masked polycythemia vera in <i>JAK2</i> mutated patients
Authors: Tiziano Barbui, Jürgen Thiele, Alessandra Carobbio, Paola Guglielmelli, Alessandro Rambaldi, Alessandro M. Vannucchi, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

In patients not meeting the required hematocrit (HCT) or hemoglobin (Hb) thresholds according to BCSH and the WHO diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis of masked polycythemia vera (mPV) has been proposed. A comparison of HCT or Hb values with the expression of JAK2V617F, JAK2 exon 12, and CALR mutations in strictly WHO‐defined 257 overt PV and 140 mPV (59 mPV according to BCSH) and 397 patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) was performed. Hb and HCT thresholds of mPV patients were significantly higher than JAK2V617F ET ( P &lt; 0.0001). The best cut‐off for Hb to discriminate JAK2‐mutated ET from PV was 16.5 g/dL for males and 16.0 g/dL for females. For HCT, this was 49% in males and 48% in females. The proportion of patients correctly classified as ET or PV when regarding Hb or HCT levels was 95% in males and 93% in females and 94% in both males and females, respectively. Am. J. Hematol. 89:588–590, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abstract 12459: Is Ejection Fraction &lt;50% the Optimal Threshold for Referral for Valve Replacement in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis? Impact of Ejection Fraction on Post-Operative Outcome
Authors: Jordi S Dahl, Mackram F Eleid, Hector Michelena, Christopher Scott, Rakesh Suri, Hartzell V Schaff, Patricia A Pellikka
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: In asymptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis (SAS), left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) &lt;50% is generally considered to be the threshold for referral for aortic valve replacement (AVR). Hypothesis: We investigated the importance of LVEF on long-term outcome after AVR in symptomatic and asymptomatic SAS patients and studied whether LVEF &lt; 50% is the optimal threshold for referral for AVR. Methods and Results: We retrospectively identified 2017 patients with SAS (aortic valve area (AVA)&lt;1cm2, mean aortic valve gradient ≥40 mm Hg, or indexed AVA &lt;0.6 cm2/m2) who underwent surgical AVR from January 1995 to June 2009 at our institution. Patients were divided into 4 groups depending on preoperative LVEF (&lt;50% in 300 (15%) patients, 50-59% in 331 (17%), 60-69% in 908 (45%), and ≥70% in 478 (24%)). The primary end-point was all-cause mortality. During follow-up of 5.3±4.4 years, 1056 (52%) died. Five-year mortality rate increased with decreasing LVEF (41% (n=106), LVEF&lt;50%); 35% (n=98), LVEF 50-59%; 26% (n=192), LVEF 60-69%; 22% (n=90), LVEF≥70%, p&lt;0.0001). Compared to patients with LVEF≥60%, patients with LVEF 50-59% had increased mortality (HR 1.58, p&lt;0.001), with a similar risk increase in both symptomatic (HR=1.56, p&lt;0.001) and asymptomatic patients (HR 1.58, p=0.006, Figure). In a Cox regression analysis corrected for standard risk factors, LV mass index, AVA, and stroke volume index, LVEF was predictive of all-cause mortality (HR=0.89 per 10%, p&lt;0.001). When this multivariable analysis was repeated in the subset of 1333 patients with no history of coronary artery disease, LVEF was still associated with all-cause mortality (HR=0.90 per 10%, p=0.009). Conclusion: In patients with SAS undergoing AVR, patients with LVEF 50-59% have also increased mortality compared to patients with LVEF&gt;60%, suggesting that a different LVEF threshold should be used when referring for AVR.
Generation and characterization of a ΔF508 cystic fibrosis mouse model
Authors: William H. Colledge, Benjamin S. Abella, Kevin W. Southern, Rosemary Ratcliff, Canwen Jiang, Seng H. Cheng, Lesley J. MacVinish, Janice R. Anderson, Alan W. Cuthbert, Martin J. Evans
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
The Effects of Selection and Domestication Upon the Behavior of the Dog&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Scott Jp
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article The Effects of Selection and Domestication Upon the Behavior of the Dog Get access J. P. Scott J. P. Scott Division of Behavior Studies, Eoscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 3, December 1954, Pages 739–758, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.3.739 Published: 01 December 1954
Aggressive Lipid-Lowering Therapy and Regression of Coronary Atheroma
Authors: Uffe Ravnskov, Morley C Sutter
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 17040: Portico Stent Durability Driven from Anatomical Assessments of TAVR Patients
Authors: Saravana Kumar, Gaurav Satam, Kristopher Vietmeier
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) procedures are increasingly used to treat elderly patients with aortic stenosis. To ensure clinical safety, valve and stent frame durability is critical. Current FDA guidance requires stent frames to be durable to a minimum of 15 year equivalent life for safety. Hence, an understanding of the anatomy and its impact on stent frame durability is necessary. In this study, the steps taken to understand, quantify and test the Portico valve (St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN) stent frame is discussed.

Methods: CT scans from representative TAVR patients (N = 52) were used to quantify deformation modes in the aortic anatomy. These scans were segmented and analyzed using 3Mensio Medical Imaging (3Mensio, Netherlands) and Solidworks (Dassault Systems, MA). The deformation modes were then translated to strain levels using finite element analysis (ABAQUS, Dassault Systems) to obtain test parameters for bench testing. Thirty samples were tested to these minimum strain levels using proprietary test methods to at least 600M cycles for stent durability.

Results: Using CT analysis from representative TAVR patients, six different deformation modes were identified. The modes include radial and elliptical distension, axial elongation, bending of the aortic arch anatomy, torsion, and hydrodynamic load on the valve (confirmed using bench testing). The deformation is driven by cardiac motion between systole and diastole. The measured distensions are comparable to available minimal literature data.

FEA simulations were used to predict the alternating and mean strains at the measured distensions for the six modes. Thirty samples were successfully tested to these strain levels for stent durability to 600M cycles (15 year equivalent life).

Conclusions: The Portico stent frame has been successfully tested at or beyond expected in vivo strain levels. Thus, the device is safe to use in clinical applications of the product.

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Strategies for preventing obesity
Authors: Mike Lean, Jose Lara, James O Hill
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Obesity is an epidemic, says the World Health Organization. The prevalence of adult obesity has exceeded 30% in the United States, is over 20% in most of Europe (5-23% in men, 7-36% in women), and is 40-70% in the Gulf states and Polynesian islands. Obesity is also present in low income countries, and low socioeconomic groups are affected most. In most countries the prevalence of obesity now exceeds 15%, the figure used by WHO to define the critical threshold for intervention in nutritional epidemics.

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Obesity is increasingly affecting younger people, with warning signs for the future from the increasing prevalence of overweight in childhood 

View this table:

Differences between individual and population based approaches to obesity. Adapted from Swinburn et al (see Further Reading box)



Obese people are at high risk of multiple health problems and need full medical management. The numbers are so great (and rising), however, that individual medical care becomes impractical and prohibitively expensive. Currently, the cost of obesity to a country's health service is estimated at up to 9%, and the overall social cost of the condition is seen as a major hindrance to economic development. An even larger proportion of the population is overweight, with increased morbidity. Virtually all the costs (personal, health, and economic) of obesity are met in adulthood and result from fat that has accumulated in adulthood, but there is a likely additional cost due to inactivity and overweight in childhood that should also be considered.

Obesity is a disorder of energy balance (“energy in” equals “energy out”). Weight is steady when energy is balanced. “Positive energy balance” is when the amount of energy consumed as food and drink exceeds the energy used. UK adults on average consume 20 kcal a day more than they expend, leading to an average weight gain of 1 kg …

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