tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P247: Multi-pollutant Mixtures and Digital Vascular Function in the Framingham Heart Study
Authors: Petter L Ljungman, Elissa H Wilker, Mary B Rice, Elena Austin, Joel Schwartz, Diane R Gold, Petros Koutrakis, Joseph A Vita, Gary F Mitchell, Ramachandran S Vasan, Emelia J Benjamin, Murray A Mittleman, Naomi M Hamburg
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Studies of ambient air pollution and microvascular function have shown conflicting results. Aim: We investigated whether the association between fine particle mass with diameter ≤2.5μm (PM 2.5 ) and microvascular function varies according to air pollution characteristics. Methods: We assessed baseline pulse amplitude and the ratio of fingertip pulse wave amplitude pre- and post- brachial artery occlusion (PAT ratio) in 1,365 participants of the Framingham Offspring and Third Generation Cohorts. We used K-means clustering to categorize mixtures of air pollutants into 5 distinct clusters of days with similar multi-pollutant profiles using elemental data and gases. We assessed the interaction between preceding day PM 2.5 and cluster adjusting for season, meteorology and covariates. Results: We observed differences in associations between PM 2.5 and baseline pulse amplitude by cluster (P=0.02 for interaction). On days with either low overall PM 2.5 levels but dominated by road and traffic dust and a high proportion of ultrafine particles (cluster 1) or high contributions of oil and wood combustion (cluster 5), higher PM 2.5 was associated with higher baseline pulse amplitude (see Figure). In contrast, on days with either a strong contribution of crustal materials, a mixture of fine and ultrafine particles, or agglomerated particles from regional sources (cluster 2, 3, and 4 respectively), PM 2.5 was not significantly associated with baseline pulse amplitude. We observed similar, non-significant associations between PM 2.5 and PAT ratio across the air pollution mixture clusters (P=0.14 for interaction). Conclusions: Air pollution mixtures with contributions from heating oil and wood combustion or traffic and road dust, both having high proportions of ultra-fine particles, were associated with altered microvascular tone. Our findings suggest that specific mixtures of particulate pollution may have distinct vascular consequences and support further studies of air pollution clusters to inform public policy. .
Civil War Medicine
Authors: Jonathon Erlen
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Obesity genes
Authors: T. I A Sorensen
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Papers p 652 

There is no doubt that obesity is strongly influenced by environmental factors. The prevalence of obesity increases so rapidly in many populations that the changes cannot be attributed to changes in genetic inheritance.1 There are differences in prevalence between populations and between various groups within populations; these differences are closely associated with environmental factors, especially social and behavioural factors.1 The degree of an individual's obesity can be modified by interventions that alter a person's energy intake or energy expenditure.1 However, there is no doubt that obesity is also influenced by genetics. That obesity runs in families is an old observation,2 and it has been repeatedly confirmed in multiple studies in populations from different parts of the world who have lived in different environments.2 Studies of monozygotic and dizygotic twins have unambiguously shown that there is a much greater resemblance in the degree of obesity between genetically identical monozygotic twins; this indicates that the resemblance is related to their similar genes rather than their shared environment.2 However, these studies may have overestimated the effect of genetics if monozygotic twins share exposure to more environmental effects …
Treatment of newly diagnosed acute myelogenous leukemia with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) before and during continuous-infusion high-dose ara-C + daunorubicin: comparison to patients treated without GM-CSF
Authors: E Estey, PF Thall, H Kantarjian, S O'Brien, CA Koller, M Beran, J Gutterman, A Deisseroth, M Keating
Journal: Blood (1992)
Disseminated Cutaneous Cytomegalovirus Infection Following Total Body Electron Beam Irradiation for Mycosis Fungoides
Authors: Julie K. Kim, Adeel Ahmad, M. Angelica Selim, Elise A. Olsen, Adela R. Cardones
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

63 [0.69]), personal interactions with faculty during the interview (4.44 [0.75]), personal interactions with residents during the interview (4.30 [0.86]), and the interview experience (4.25 [0.82]) (Table 2).The 4 factors considered least important to applicants appear to be the needs or preferences of the applicant's spouse or significant other (2.92 [1.83]), salary or cost of living (2.92 [1.13]), vacation time (2.46 [1.13]), and postinterview contact by the program (2.18 [1.55]).Discussion | To our knowledge, relatively little is known regarding what factors applicants to dermatology residencies consider when determining their rank lists.Identifying the factors that are important to applicants may allow dermatology residency programs to better recruit the most ideal candidates.This point is particularly salient given that 3 of the 4 most important factors are modifiable (ie, personal interactions with faculty during the interview, personal interactions with residents during the interview, and the interview experience).Specifically, the interview at certain institutions can be a high-stress situation that may leave a negative impression and deter highly qualified and desirable graduates.Programs may seek to improve the interview experience by fostering positive, meaningful interactions between applicants and faculty and residents.Our results should be interpreted within the context of the study design.All data were collected from 1 institution and may not be generalizable to all applicants to dermatology residencies.Further qualitative research may be performed among residency applicants to ascertain specific ways that programs can improve the interview experience to attract the highestquality dermatology residency candidates.
BASAL METABOLIC RATE, PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE AND RADIOACTIVE IODINE UPTAKE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Authors: H F LUDDECKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1958)

Article1 August 1958BASAL METABOLIC RATE, PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE AND RADIOACTIVE IODINE UPTAKE: A COMPARATIVE STUDYHUGH F. LUDDECKE, M.D.HUGH F. LUDDECKE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-49-2-305 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe diagnosis of typical thyroid dysfunctional states is usually not difficult when approached from either a clinical or a laboratory viewpoint. There are, however, some patients in whom hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism is suspected, but the clinical picture is not complete or clear, and the laboratory tests are in disagreement. For these reasons, we in the laboratory have received many inquiries from various members of the Department of Internal Medicine of this hospital as to which of the three commonly used tests of thyroid function is the most reliable. We of course sought information in the literature,2, 3and at the...Bibliography1. Bauer RE: The present status of the diagnosis of hyperthyroidism (Editorial), Ann. Int. Med. 44: 207-214, 1956. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Beierwaltes WH: The value of radioactive iodine and protein-bound iodine in the diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis, Ann. Int. Med. 44: 41-50, 1956. Google Scholar3. BlackburnPower CMMH: Diagnostic accuracy of serum protein-bound iodine determination in thyroid disease, J. Clin. Endocrinol. 15: 1379-1392, 1955. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. O'NealSimms LWES: Protein-bound iodine, Am. J. Clin. Path. 23: 493-505, 1953. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. SundermanSunderman FWFW: The clinical significance of measurements of protein-bound iodine, Am. J. Clin. Path. 24: 885-897, 1954. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Morristown, New Jersey*Received for publication August 31, 1957.From the Department of Pathology, Morristown Memorial Hospital, Morristown, New Jersey.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Hugh F. Luddecke, M.D., Pathologist and Director of Laboratories, Morristown Memorial Hospital, Morristown, New Jersey. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThyroid Hormone Effects on Whole-Body Energy Homeostasis and Tissue-Specific Fatty Acid Uptake in VivoDie SchilddrüseThe Thyroid GlandFactors affecting the determination of the serum protein-bound iodineThe effect of venous occlusion on determination of protein-bound iodine 1 August 1958Volume 49, Issue 2Page: 305-309KeywordsClinical laboratoriesHospital medicineHyperthyroidismHypothyroidismLaboratory testsProteinsResearch laboratoriesThyroid ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1958 PDF downloadLoading ...
Vitamin B-6
Authors: J Marks, A. Beckett
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—Collier is right that the border between nutritional and medical uses of vitamin B-6 is blurred and needs fresh examination.1 It is therefore disappointing to note that a number of members of the Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products, and the Environment, whose report on pyridoxine was so roundly rejected by the Commons Agriculture Select Committee, will now sit on the new expert group on vitamins and minerals.2

However, I disagree with Collier on two specific points. Firstly, submissions to the Commons committee clearly showed that there is no scientific evidence that neuropathy results from the prolonged use of pyridoxine in doses of less than 500 mg/day.3 Whatever Dalton and Dalton observed, it was clearly not pyridoxine neuropathy.4 Secondly, I believe that Collier’s “centralist and restrictive” approach to the control of pyridoxine runs contrary to the widely held view that individuals should be responsible for their own health and should be given the best available information on which to base their decisions. Few would argue that scientific proof of activity for high doses of pyridoxine is not available. However, it is clear that pyridoxine is safe at doses of 100-200 mg, which is the dose at which it has been used, and that this dose is mainly used for self medication in disorders for which there is no effective alternative treatment. The data submitted to the agriculture committee showed that there are tens of thousands of people who have found relief by using pyridoxine—relief which may, admittedly, be due in part or entirely to a placebo effect.
Bichat guidelines for the clinical management of brucellosis and bioterrorism-related brucellosis
Authors: P Bossi, A Tegnell, A Baka, F van Loock, J Hendriks, A Werner, H Maidhof, G Gouvras
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2004)

Interest in Brucella species as a biological weapon stems from the fact that airborne transmission of the agent is possible. It is highly contagious and enters through mucous membranes such as the conjunctiva, oropharynx, respiratory tract and skin abrasions. It has been estimated that 10-100 organisms only are sufficient to constitute an infectious aerosol dose for humans. Signs and symptoms are similar in patients whatever the route of transmission and are mostly non-specific. Symptoms of patients infected by aerosol are indistinguishable from those of patients infected by other routes. Regimens containing doxycycline plus streptomycin or doxycycline plus rifampin are effective for most forms of brucellosis. Isolation of patients is not necessary. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and fluoroquinolones also have good results against Brucella, but are associated with high relapse rates when used as monotherapy. The combination of ofloxacin plus rifampicin is associated with good results. Even if there is little evidence to support its utility for post-exposure prophylaxis, doxycycline plus rifampicin is recommended for 3 to 6 weeks.
Tumor-cell specific cytotoxic activity of LBY135, a novel anti- DR5 agonistic antibody
Authors: Jing Li, Qingxiu Zhang, Jennifer Johnson, Deborah Knee, Quinn Deveraux, Marc Nasoff, David Stover
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4875   TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) induces apoptosis upon binding to its functional receptors DR4 and DR5 on the surface of tumor cells. We have generated an anti-DR5 agonistic antibody by hybridoma technology and functional cell based screening. LBY135 specifically binds to DR5 with single digit nM affinity, mimics TRAIL to induce cell death in tumor cells, and has little effect on most normal cells in vitro. LBY135 appears to mediate cell death mainly through apoptosis, as demonstrated by the activation of caspase 3, with moderate ADCC and no CDC activity in in vitro assays. This is further supported by the relative in vivo efficacy of various chimeric forms of the antibody (murine IgG1, human IgG1, and IgG4 Fc) and by the robust activation of Caspases in vivo. LBY135 provides a means to interrogate the mechanisms of TRAIL induced tumor specific cell death. It also demonstrates promise as a novel therapeutic for cancer treatment.
Abstract 15729: Performance on Hospitals on PCI Process Measures and Correlation With 30-Day Readmissions
Authors: Philip W Chui, Craig Parzynski, Frederick A Masoudi, John C Messenger, Lara E Slattery, Jeptha P Curtis
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The National Quality Forum has endorsed the metric of 30-day risk-standardized readmissions rates (RSRR) following PCI as a measure of hospital quality. It is not known whether hospital performance on this publicly reported metric correlates with existing PCI process measures. This information could help hospitals decide on where to focus their quality improvement efforts. Methods: Using data from the NCDR CathPCI Registry from 2010-2011 linked with Medicare administrative claims data, we calculated hospital performance on existing PCI process measures (aspirin, thienopyridines, and statins upon discharge; door-to-balloon time under ninety minutes; referral to cardiac rehabilitation; and an overall composite measure). We calculated hospitals’ 30-day RSRRs using hierarchical models as specified in the NQF-approved measure. We then analyzed the association between hospital performance on process measures and 30-day RSRRs. We subsequently calculated the explained variance of the process metrics...
Abstract 12183: Strain Dispersion is an Early Subclinical Manifestation of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Assessed by 3D Echocardiography
Authors: Ross Upton, Eylem Levelt, James Gamble, Kieran Clarke, Tim Betts, Stefan Neubauer, Paul Leeson
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The risk of heart failure is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM) independently of risk factors such as coronary artery disease. The causes of diabetic cardiomyopathy are multifactorial and not fully elucidated. 3D echocardiography deformation imaging provides a non-invasive assessment of the structure and function of the left ventricle (LV) and has been shown to improve risk evaluation in patients with congestive cardiac failure (CCF). Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the earliest subclinical manifestations of diabetic cardiomyopathy using deformation imaging. Method: 20 patients (mean age 58.6±1.8) with early-onset, uncomplicated type 2 DM, 20 healthy volunteers (mean age 53.3±2.8) and 10 patients with advanced CCF (NYHA class III+IV) (mean age 69.2±3.0) were studied. Strain dispersion was assessed by calculating the standard deviation of time to peak longitudinal strain across 16 segments of the LV. Results: Diabetic patients were matched with the controls for age and gender. Strain dispersion was increased in patients with type 2 DM when compared to healthy controls (p= 0.001) and global longitudinal strain was decreased (p=0.001). Strain dispersion in type 2 DM and CCF cohorts yielded similar values and were not significantly different (46.5±6.4 vs 52.2±7.9, respectively p=0.3). Conclusion: Strain dispersion is increased in uncomplicated type 2 DM patients with a short duration of disease. 3D echocardiographic deformation imaging is a sensitive non-invasive tool that could be helpful in the assessment of subclinical cardiac involvement in patients with type 2 DM.
Review: After coronary DES placement, ≤ 6 mo and 1 y of dual-antiplatelet therapy do not differ for cardiac events
Authors: Eric R. Bates
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Source Citation Palmerini T, Sangiorgi D, Valgimigli M, et al. Short- versus long-term dual antiplatelet therapy after drug-eluting stent implantation: an individual patient data pairwise and network meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2015;65:1092-102. 25790880
The presence of an RHD pseudogene containing a 37 base pair duplication and a nonsense mutation in Africans with the Rh D-negative blood group phenotype
Authors: Belinda K. Singleton, Carole A. Green, Neil D. Avent, Peter G. Martin, Elizabeth Smart, Abigail Daka, Edwin G. Narter-Olaga, Linda M. Hawthorne, Geoff Daniels
Journal: Blood (2000)
A Mechanical Switch Couples T Cell Receptor Triggering to the Cytoplasmic Juxtamembrane Regions of CD3ζζ
Authors: Mark S. Lee, Caleb R. Glassman, Neha R. Deshpande, Hemant B. Badgandi, Heather L. Parrish, Chayasith Uttamapinant, Philipp S. Stawski, Alice Y. Ting, Michael S. Kuhns
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Ellison 8 MGH
Authors: Ken Brady
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cost-Related Medication Nonadherence After Implementation of Medicare Part D, 2006-2007
Authors: Jeanne M Madden, Amy J Graves, Dennis Ross-Degnan, Becky A Briesacher, Stephen B Soumerai
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A FATAL CASE OF SCRUB TYPHUS INTRODUCED INTO THE UNITED STATES
Authors: Abraham A. Dumanis, Benjamin A. Schantz, Emanuel H. Nickman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

ExcerptThe facility and speed of air evacuation may result in the return of personnel who are in the incubation stages of tropical diseases. Medical officers, public health physicians and civilian practitioners in general are becoming increasingly conscious of the presence of protozoan and helminthic diseases among travelers who have returned to the temperate zone. This case calls attention to the need for the consideration of the scrub typhus group of rickettsial diseases in the fevers of troops who have recently returned from endemic areas.CASE REPORTThe patient was a 32 year old pathologist who had served 25 months in...
Specific Chromosomal Abnormalities in Malignant Human Gliomas
Authors: Bigner Sh, Mark J, Burger Pc, Mahaley Ms, Bullard De, Muhlbaier Lh, Bigner Dd
Journal: Cancer Research (1988)

Karyotypic analysis of 54 malignant human gliomas (5 anaplastic astrocytomas, 43 glioblastoma multiformes, 3 gliosarcomas, 2 giant cell glioblastomas, 1 anaplastic mixed glioma) has demonstrated that 12 tumors contained normal stemlines or only lacked one sex chromosome. The 42 tumors with abnormal karyotypes included 38 tumors which could be completely analyzed. Six of these 38 cases had near-triploid or near-tetraploid stemlines and 32 had near-diploid stemlines. Statistically significant numerical deviations in the near-diploid group were gains of chromosome 7 (26 of 32; P less than 0.001), and losses of chromosome 10 (19 of 32; P less than 0.001). Double minutes occurred in 18 of 32 near diploid tumors. The distribution of structural abnormalities was analyzed statistically by comparing the incidence of breakpoint in each chromosomal arm to the expected value based on chromosomal arm length. This analysis demonstrated that structural abnormalities of 9p and 19q were significant statistically (P less than 0.005 and P = 0.02, respectively). Although chromosome 1, 6p, the centromeric region of chromosome 11, 13q, and 15q were also frequently involved in structural abnormalities, the incidence of these breaks did not reach statistical significance. This demonstration of specific chromosomal abnormalities in near-diploid gliomas provides the basis for the investigation of genes which may be quantitatively or qualitatively altered in these neoplasms.