tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Impact of a respiratory rehabilitation program in the functional capacity of the patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)
Authors: Patricia Guerrero, Agustín Valido, María Pavón, Virginia Almadana, Teodoro Montemayor
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

OBJECTIVES : Determine the basal exercise capacity in patients with severe OSAHS.Determine the exercise capacity modified after 3 months of treatment with CPAP or with CPAP and Respiratory Rehabilitation program.Analize the impact of these changes on the quality of life,physical activity and psychological impact.

METHODS: A prospective study with a consecutive inclusion of healthy patients with the polysomnographic diagnosis of severe OSAHS.We evaluated the exercise capacity of these patients by means of a cardiopulmonary test in a cycloergometer,submaximal exercise capacity before the beginning of the treatment in both groups.

RESULTS: 

![Figure][1] 



The average age was 48.55±12.55 years old,90.9% male,40% smokers,30.9% ex-smokers and 29.1% non-smokers(17.8±20.26 packet/year).The average BMI was 32.27±5.56.

CONCLUSIONS: There is a slight decrease of the basal exercise capacity in both groups.There are no differences between submaximal test and the maximum load (W).After 12weeks of treatment in both groups,we obtained a significant decrease in Epworth scale,without differences between groups.There is an increase in submaximal effort results in both groups,although in CPAP group increases 29.71% and CPAP+RR 116.84% with no differences.

 [1]: pending:yes
Model of staged development chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in rats
Authors: Ivetta Dvorakovskaya, Elena Lebedeva, Lev Danilov, Nataliya Kuzubova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Models of COPD open ways of studying pathogenesis, searching for therapeutic targets and new health care trends.   Aim:  To reproduce the successive stages of COPD in experiment.   Methods:  Model of COPD was induced in Wistar rats by long-time intermittent nitrogen dioxide (NO2) inhalation (15 ppm, 1,5 h/day for 60 days). Histological specimens were stained with hematoxylin-eosin. CD3 expression in bronchial walls and interstitium was determined by immunohistochemistry. TNFα and TGFβ were determined in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).   Results:  After 15-day NO2 exposure acute response to injury was observed: epithelium desquamation and focal proliferation, swelling of submucosa, bronchial gland degeneration, lung tissue hyperextension were revealed. After 30 days cell infiltration of submucosa and hyperplasia of goblet cells were added. After 60-day exposure squamous metaplasia of ciliated epithelium, muscle plate atrophy, focal sclerosis, emphysema were identified. At this stage increase of CD3 expression was revealed in walls of bronchi and interstitium that indicated the presence of large number of T-lymphocytes (61,6±1,59 vs. 28,1±2,36 in control intact rats, p   Conclusion:  The model allows to reproduce stages of COPD from acute inflammation to lung tissue remoleling (emphysema and focal fibrosis). The model adequacy is confirmed by COPD symptoms: increased expression of CD3-lymphocytes in bronchial walls and lung parenchyma, multiple increased TNFα and growth factor TGFβ.
Abstract 92: Outcomes of CPR in a Rat Model of Chronic Myocardial Ischemia
Authors: Xiangshao Fang, Wanchun Tang, Shijie Sun, Lei Huang, Max Harry Weil
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: A majority of sudden cardiac deaths occur in victims who have ischemic heart disease. In such patients, lesser success of CPR and lower likely ultimate survival are assumed. In the pr...
The PYRIN Domain-only Protein POP1 Inhibits Inflammasome Assembly and Ameliorates Inflammatory Disease
Authors: Lucia de Almeida, Sonal Khare, Alexander V. Misharin, Rajul Patel, Rojo A. Ratsimandresy, Melissa C. Wallin, Harris Perlman, David R. Greaves, Hal M. Hoffman, Andrea Dorfleutner, Christian Stehlik
Journal: Immunity (2015)
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its association with airway obstruction
Authors: Velin Stratev, Jordan Petev, Sonya Galcheva, Marinka Peneva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is common in patients with COPD and is part of the so called chronic systemic inflammatory syndrome.  Aim: To investigate the presence of MetS in patients with COPD and healthy subjects and to assess the association of its components with airway obstruction.  Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study with 244 participants (mean age 60.5 ± 9.5 years) divided into 2 groups: 141 subjects with COPD and 103 healthy matched controls. We measured the characteristics of the syndrome as stated by the IDF definition. Anthropometry and biochemical tests were performed, as well as spirometry to define the stage and severity of the disease.  Results: 41.8 % of the COPD patients presented 3 or more features of the MetS versus 39% in the control group. Using multiple linear regression analysis we defined that the main predictor of MetS was the increased waist circumference (WC) (β=0.263, p=0.022). Among the MetS subjects, COPD patients had significantly higher WC compared to the controls (111.0±17.8 vs 104.0±12.4 cm, p=0.032). In COPD subjects with the syndrome BMI, WC, SBP, DBP, fasting blood glucose and triglycerides were significantly higher compared to those without MetS (p  Conclusion: The present study suggests that the MetS is frequent among patients with COPD. The abdominal obesity measured as an increased WC is associated with the airway obstruction.
The fresh new contract for general practitioners
Authors: J. P Bell
Journal: BMJ (2002)

# BMJ should give equal space to opposing views of new contract {#article-title-2} EDITOR—Lewis and Gillam write as if the new contract for general practitioners has been accepted by general practice.1 This is not the case, and indeed there is a preliminary vote [in June] on whether the framework is acceptable to general practice. The framework as stated is by no means complete, pensions have not been adequately addressed, the contract has not been priced, and the government still retains the right to unilateral change in any contract. I hope that the BMJ will not threaten its integrity and allow those who are opposed to this contract an equal chance to portray their views as Lewis and Gillam have. 1. 1.↵1. Lewis R, 2. Gillam S .A fresh new contract for general practitioners.BMJ2002; 324:1048–1049. (4 May.) [OpenUrl][1][FREE Full Text][2] # One principal buys a new car to celebrate {#article-title-4} EDITOR—I would like to inform all readers of the BMJ that four days after publication of the editorial by Lewis and Gillam I bought myself a brand new Mercedes car to celebrate our proposed new contract.1 I also bought one each for my wife and son. The car dealer wouldn't tell me the price of any of his stock so I said to him: “Never mind about the price, I'll just take those three over there.” Does the GPC (General Practitioners Committee) really think that general practitioners are stupid enough to vote for a completely unpriced contract? 1. 1.↵1. Lewis R, 2. Gillam S .A fresh new contract for general practitioners.BMJ2002; 324:1048–1049. (4 May.) # New contract has many failings {#article-title-6} EDITOR—Lewis and Gillam's brief summary of the new contract for general practitioner is somewhat misleading.1 Although the proposals allow general practitioners to reduce additional services to reduce their workload, this option is not new: if I choose, I can already stop doing cervical smears or vaccinations, and I can pay others to cover outside normal working hours. Furthermore, most of the pressure on my time comes from what will be defined in the new contract as essential services so the pressure will not change. There is nothing in this contract that will reduce demand. … [1]: {openurl}?query=rft.jtitle%253DBMJ%26rft.stitle%253DBMJ%26rft.issn%253D0007-1447%26rft.aulast%253DLewis%26rft.auinit1%253DR.%26rft.volume%253D324%26rft.issue%253D7345%26rft.spage%253D1048%26rft.epage%253D1049%26rft.atitle%253DA%2Bfresh%2Bnew%2Bcontract%2Bfor%2Bgeneral%2Bpractitioners%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1136%252Fbmj.324.7345.1048%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11991893%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/ijlink?linkType=FULL&journalCode=bmj&resid=324/7345/1048&atom=%2Fbmj%2F324%2F7348%2F1274.atom
Endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) with the “endobronchial Miyazawa valve” (EMV) in patients with severe emphysema, a prospective pilot study
Authors: Alban Lovis, Irini Lemontzi, Giovanni Galluccio
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  The ELVR represent a new minimally invasive palliative option for the treatment of severe emphysema. The EMV is a new device with different characteristics compared to the others (a simple all in silicone structure, with a large opening, inexpensive, and without special delivery system) and is little studied. We believe this unidirectional valve is effective in reducing lung hyperinflation and improving lung function and dyspnea of a subtype of emphysema patients. We report here the data at one month for the first two patients   Method:  Patients are affected from severe (FEV1 130%). The Outcomes are the adverse effects, lung functions, exercice capacity and quality of life. The EMVs have been inserted through a rigid bronchoscope in the target segmental or lobar bronchi supplying the most hyperinflated parts of the lung in order to achieve an unilateral treatment with lobar exclusion.   Results:  Baseline to 1 month after insertion . The patients  A  and  B  have improved in quality of life (St George9s respiratory questionnaire  A  -9, B  -18 points, pulmonary function (FEV1  A  0.51 to 0.62L and  B  0.9 to 1.4L, RV  A  4.49 to 2.53L and  B  5.6 to 5.2L DLCO  A  38 to 55.2%  B  25 to 33% of predicted value) and exercise capacity (6 min. walk test  A  +65m.  B  +120m.). No atelectasis was visible on radiological control but signs of air trapping were reduced.   Adverse effects:  Two episodes of bronchospasm in the first patient well controlled by medical therapy, and none in the second.   Conclusion:  Our preliminary encouraging experience describe a new tool for the therapy of selected emphysema patients.
Quality of Life and Exercise Performance in Patients in Sinus Rhythm Versus Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Steven N. Singh, X. Charlene Tang, Bramah N. Singh, Paul Dorian, Domenic J. Reda, Crystal L. Harris, Ross D. Fletcher, Satish C. Sharma, J. Edwin Atwood, Alan K. Jacobson, H. Daniel Lewis, Becky Lopez, Dennis W. Raisch, Michael D. Ezekowitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Secreted mediators from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) attenuate fibrosis in bleomycin injured rat lung
Authors: Amiq Gazdhar, Iwona Grad, Mathias Gugger, Anis Feki, Thomas Geiser
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease resulting from deregulated alveolar epithelial repair, after micro injuries. There are no promising treatments available hence; novel methods to regenerate the injured lungs are urgently required. We studied the role of secreted mediators from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSc) in bleomycin injured rat lungs. Methods iPSc cells were generated from human foreskin fibroblasts by transfection of the transcription factors SOX2,OCT4, KLF4, and c-MYC; after characterization by immunohistochemistry and RT PCR, the colonies were expanded and the conditioned media (CM) was collected (iPScCM). iPScCM was subjected to proteomics to analyze the contents. Adult male rats (F344) were instilled intratracheally (i/t) with bleomycin at day 0; 7 days later were treated with iPScCM or control media (CM) (i/t) and sacrificed 7 days after iPScCM or CM treatment. Results Proteomic analysis revealed presence of various interesting cytokines and growth factors in the iPScCM, which are involved in regeneration process; the total collagen content after iPScCM treatment was reduced compared to CM group (753±56.12 ug/mg vs 4182±521.8 ug/mg of wet tissue) as measured by hydroxyproline assay. Furthermore, TGFβ1 mRNA levels were also reduced after iPScCM treatment (0.9±0.266 vs 2.4±0.9) (2-ΔΔCP). Conclusion Secreted mediators present in the iPScCM attenuate fibrosis in the bleomycin injured rat lungs and may offer a novel therapeutic option for pulmonary fibrosis.
Drug Metabolism Gene Polymorphisms Influence Tacrolimus/Sirolimus Blood Levels and Incidence of Graft-Versus-Host Disease Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Authors: Samer K Khaled, Joycelynne Palmer, Josef Herzog, Tracey Stiller, Ni-Chun Tsai, David Senitzer, Xueli Liu, Sandra H. Thomas, Sepideh Shayani, Jeffrey Weitzel, Stephen J. Forman, Ryotaro Nakamura
Journal: Blood (2014)
Karyotype in Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia: Prognostic Significance for Bone Marrow Transplantation in First Remission: A European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation Study
Authors: Augustin Ferrant, M Labopin, F. Frassoni, Hg. Prentice, Jy. Cahn, D Blaise, J. Reiffers, G Visani, MA Sanz, Ma. Boogaerts, B Lowenberg, Nc. Gorin
Journal: Blood (1997)
Neuron-Specific Enolase as a Predictor of Death or Poor Neurological Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest and Targeted Temperature Management at 33°C and 36°C
Authors: Pascal Stammet, Olivier Collignon, Christian Hassager, Matthew P. Wise, Jan Hovdenes, Anders Åneman, Janneke Horn, Yvan Devaux, David Erlinge, Jesper Kjaergaard, Yvan Gasche, Michael Wanscher, Tobias Cronberg, Hans Friberg, Jørn Wetterslev, Tommaso Pellis, Michael Kuiper, Georges Gilson, Niklas Nielsen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Lesson of the week: A foodborne outbreak of organophosphate poisoning
Authors: R. Chaudhry, S. B. Lall, B. Mishra, B. Dhawan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Indiscriminate use of organophosphates without public education on safety increases the potential threat of foodborne outbreaks of poisoning

Foodborne diseases have a major impact on public health. Early and correct identification of the cause of an outbreak of food poisoning enables specific treatment to be started as soon as possible, and this can be life saving. We report an outbreak of fatal food poisoning caused by the pesticide malathion.

On 6 July 1997, 60 men aged 20-30 years attended a communal lunch at which they ate chapatti, cooked vegetables, pulses, and halva. They all developed nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain over the next three hours. The men were taken to a local primary healthcare centre where they received treatment for their symptoms. Fifty six responded to the treatment and were discharged home the same day. However, the condition of the remaining four patients deteriorated. Their level of consciousness fell, and they developed respiratory distress and generalised muscular weakness. The next day they were moved to an urban emergency hospital.

### Case 1

A 20 year old man presented with miosis, sweating, impaired consciousness, and hypotension. The muscle power in his arms and legs was graded as 3/5. Reflexes in the arms and legs were reduced, but he did not have sensory impairment. He had noticeable weakness of neck flexion, to the extent that he could not raise his head off the pillow. Initial treatment included intravenous fluids, antiemetics, and antibiotics. On the second day after admission to the urban emergency hospital, he developed respiratory insufficiency. Because he needed endotracheal intubation and intermittent …
A 20 year experience of home non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in a district general hospital and the “growing” problem of obesity
Authors: Misha Sidhu, Anthony Davison, Duncan Powrie, Masood Ali, Anant Patel, Lisa Ward, Nathan Chu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Most non-invasive ventilation services in the UK are tertiary centre based and cover many hospitals with variable referral practices. This study is from one hospital serving a population of 330,000 and therefore provides data of utilisation per 100,000 of population and changes over time.   Methods:  A study was done on 191 patients who were started on home NIV between 1990 and 2010. There was complete data for 171 patients and these are included.   Results:  The range of conditions, age, FEV1, FVC and survival are shown in the table below;  The 2 year survival from Kaplan-Meier curves was 55% for bronchiectasis, 45% for COPD, 80% for thoracic cage, 35% for neuromuscular, 85% for OHS and 75% for overlap syndrome.  The current NIV prevalence per 100,000 for each condition was 1.8 for bronchiectasis, 7.3 for COPD, 2.4 for thoracic cage abnormalities, 4.2 for neuromuscular disease, 8.2 for OHS and 6.7 for overlap syndrome.  59% of patients ventilated over the last 5 years had obesity hypoventilation or overlap syndrome, compared to only 12% in the previous 15 years.   Conclusion:  OHS and overlap syndrome have rapidly increased as indications for home NIV. The survival of these groups appears to be long. These factors will have profound implications for the future planning of home NIV services.
PREDICTORS OF PREMATURE WITHDRAWAL AND DOSE REDUCTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEPATITIS C TREATED WITH PEGINTERFERON ALFA-2A (40KD) (PEGIFN alpha 2A) PLUS RIBAVIRIN IN A LARGE, MULTINATIONAL, OPEN-LABEL EXPANDED ACCESS PROGRAM
Authors: Samuel S. Lee, Yves Horsmans, Stuart K. Roberts, Hanna Berak, Geoffrey M. Dusheiko, Hugh Harley, Edward J. Gane, Petr Husa, Kwang-Hyub Han, Stephanos J. Hadziyannis, E. Jenny Heathcote, Diethelm Messinger, Andreas Tietz, Peter Ferenci
Journal: Hepatology (2009)
Assessment of tracheobronchomalacia in relapsing polychondritis using impulse oscillometry
Authors: Hiroshi Handa, Hiroki Nishine, Hirotaka Kida, Takeo Inoue, Masamichi Mineshita, Noriaki Kurimoto, Teruomi Miyazawa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Airway involvement in relapsing polychondritis (RP) includes airway inflammation, airway narrowing and malacia. Systemic corticosteroid and immunosuppressive therapy does not always improve airway involvement making pulmonary interventions such as balloon dilation and stenting necessary. Impulse oscillometry (IOS) measurements can be safely performed in patients with airway involvement during quiet breathing before and after pulmonary intervention.   Objectives:  To confirm whether IOS can assess airway involvement in RP.   Methods:  Fifteen patients diagnosed with RP, based on McAdam9s criteria participated in this study. Airway disease including: airway narrowing, airway wall thickness, calcification and malacia were confirmed by computed tomography (CT). IOS was performed in all patients and respiratory resistance (Rrs) and respiratory reactance (Xrs) were calculated in frequency ranges of 5Hz increments from 5 to 35Hz.   Results:  Five patients developed into tracheobronchomalacia (TBM). R5-R20 and X5 showed a significant difference between patients with TBM and patients with only airway involvement (AI) (R5-R20:TMB 0.48±0.21kPa/(l/s), AI 0.15±0.27 kPa/(l/s), p   Conclusions:  IOS was useful in the evaluation of airway involvement in RP and R5-R20 and X5 were practical markers to differentiate patients with TBM.
Adjuvant chemotherapy, with or without postoperative radiotherapy, in operable non-small-cell lung cancer: two meta-analyses of individual patient data
Authors: R Arriagada, A Auperin, S Burdett, J P Higgins, D H Johnson, T Le Chevalier, C Le Pechoux, M K B Parmar, J P Pignon, R L Souhami, R J Stephens, L A Stewart, J F Tierney, H Tribodet, J van Meerbeeck
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
Trauma-related symptoms in veterans of Operation Desert Storm: a preliminary report
Authors: S M Southwick, A Morgan, L M Nagy, D Bremner, A L Nicolaou, D R Johnson, R Rosenheck, D S Charney
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

This study was designed to examine prospectively the development of trauma-related symptoms over time in two reserve units of Operation Desert Storm veterans.One month and 6 months after returning from the Persian Gulf area, 84 National Guard reservists, from one medical unit and one military police unit, completed questionnaires on their exposure to combat and to specific stressors and rated the severity of their symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on two different scales. Differences in symptom severity at the two time points were analyzed.Scores on the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, but not severity ratings on a symptom scale based on DSM-III-R PTSD criteria, increased significantly from the 1-month to the 6-month rating time. At both time points, symptoms of hyperarousal were more severe than symptoms of reexperiencing or avoiding trauma-related events. Level of exposure to combat, as reflected by the Combat Exposure Scale and a Desert Storm trauma questionnaire, was significantly associated with score on the Mississippi PTSD scale. There were no significant differences in combat exposure and PTSD symptoms between the male and female subjects or between the medical and police units.These preliminary findings suggest that a high percentage of Desert Storm veterans experienced some trauma-related symptoms after returning to the United States. Six months after the war, these symptoms, although relatively mild, had not significantly improved in this study group as a whole. For research on longer-term outcome, follow-up of these 84 reservists continues.
The Fatal Disease of the Byzantine Emperor Andronicus III Palaeologus (1328–1341 AD)
Authors: J Lascaratos, S Marketos
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1997)

The Byzantine Emperor Andronicus III Palaeologus (1328–1341 AD) died at age 45 from a disease the nature of which is unknown. However, light is thrown on this by the texts of the Byzantine historians John Cantacuzenus (who became Emperor under the name of John VI) and Nicephorus Gregoras, both of whom belonged to the immediate entourage of the Emperor. From their descriptions of the symptoms it appears that Andronicus suffered from malaria for 20 years (1321–1341). The coma that preceded the Emperor's death was probably a cerebral manifestation of chronic malaria.
Abstract 10741: Effects of Dual Stem Cell Therapy (g-csf+sitagliptin) On Cardiac Levels of Micrornas After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hans Theiss, Lisa Krieg, Severin Weigand, Robert David, Josef Mueller-Hoecker, Wolfgang M Franz
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Ischemic cardiomyopathy may be prevented by myocardial regeneration after stem cell therapy. In former studies, we established a new dual therapeutic concept by combining pharmacologi...