tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Patients with Myocardial Infarction Who Present with a Paced Rhythm
Authors: Saif S. Rathore, Kevin P. Weinfurt, Bernard J. Gersh, William J. Oetgen, Kevin A. Schulman, Allen J. Solomon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Background: A paced rhythm can mask the electrocardiographic features of an acute myocardial infarction, complicating timely recognition and treatment. Objective: To evaluate characteristics, treatment, and outcomes among patients presenting with paced rhythms during myocardial infarction. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: U.S. acute care hospitals. Patients: 102 249 Medicare beneficiaries at least 65 years of age who were treated for acute myocardial infarction between 1994 and 1996. Measurements: Provision of three treatments for acute myocardial infarction (emergent reperfusion, aspirin, and β-blockers), death at 30 days, and long-term follow-up. Results: 1954 patients (1.9%) presented with paced rhythms during myocardial infarction. These patients were older; were predominantly male; and had higher rates of congestive heart failure, diabetes, and previous infarction. They were significantly less likely to receive emergent reperfusion (relative risk [RR], 0.27 [95% CI, 0.22 to 0.33]), aspirin (RR at admission, 0.91 [CI, 0.88 to 0.94]; RR at discharge, 0.87 [CI, 0.83 to 0.92]), and β-blockers at admission (RR, 0.89 [CI, 0.82 to 0.96]). In addition, there was a trend toward decreased use of β-blockers at discharge (RR, 0.91 [CI, 0.76 to 1.06]). Crude mortality rates were higher among patients with paced rhythms than among those without at 30 days (25.8% vs. 21.3%; P = 0.001) and at 1 year (47.1% vs. 36.1%; P = 0.001). Among patients with paced rhythms, risk for death at 30 days decreased after adjustment for illness severity and decreased use of therapy (RR, 1.03 [CI, 0.93 to 1.14]). Patients with paced rhythms remained at additional risk for long-term mortality (hazard ratio, 1.12 [CI, 1.06 to 1.18]). Conclusions: Patients with paced rhythms were less likely than those without to receive treatment for acute myocardial infarction and had poorer short- and long-term outcomes. However, this mortality risk diminished after adjustment for treatment. This suggests that improved recognition and treatment of myocardial infarction may improve outcomes, particularly in the short term.
New Indication for Fluoxetine
Authors: Jane E. Henney
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Report demands investigation into rise in preterm births
Authors: Janice Hopkins Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The rate of preterm births in the United States has increased by more than 30% since 1981, says a report from the US Institute of Medicine, part of the National Academy of Sciences. In 1981, 9.4% of US babies were born before 37 weeks' gestation. By 2004, this had risen to 12.5%—about 500 000 infants.

Children born prematurely are at higher risk of death and …
Primary Care in the Twenty-First Century—An International Perspective
Authors: Bernd Wollschlaeger
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clonal evolution of blasts in an elderly patient with CD56<sup>+</sup> relapsed acute promyelocytic leukemia
Authors: Shigeki Itoh, Takeshi Sugawara, Sanae Enomoto, Yoko Ono, Hideharu Numaoka, Taiju Utsugisawa, Kazunori Murai, Yoji Ishida, Shin‐ichiro Kuriya
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

We describe an elderly patient with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), whose leukemic cells expressed CD56 antigen at relapse but not at diagnosis. Chromosome analysis revealed that blasts with t(8;15;17)(q24.1;q22;q11.2) increased from 4 of 20 cells (20%) at first relapse to 10 of 14 cells (71.4%) at second relapse. In addition, the positivity for CD56 expression on blasts judged by flow cytometric analysis using CD45 blast gating was also increased from 14.2% at first relapse to 75% at second relapse. Although conventional chemotherapy was performed for the initial disease and the first relapse, relapse developed again. Therefore, three courses of intensive postremission chemotherapy including concurrent administration of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) with cytarabine were performed after achievement of complete remission (CR) by the treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA). Although PML-RARalpha mRNA was not detectable by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a third relapse occurred. This case demonstrated clonal evolution from a CD56(-) to a CD56(+) blast population and provided further support for the suggestion that CD56 expression might be an unfavorable prognostic factor in t(15;17) APL.
Abstract 5176: Imaging αv integrin-GFP during tumor blood vessel interaction in the chick CAM
Authors: Yasunori Tome, Naotoshi Sugimoto, Shuya Yano, Masashi Momiyama, Hiroki Maehara, Hiroyuki Tsuchiya, Katsuro Tomita, Fuminori Kanaya, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract In this study, we describe imaging of αv integrin-GFP in cancer cells interacting with blood vessels. Osteosarcoma cells (143B) (5×106) expressing αv integrin-GFP were injected in the 10-day old chick chorioallontoic membrane (CAM). In vivo imaging with the Olympus OV-100, visualized tumor-induced angiogenesis one week after transplantation. Osteosarcoma cells expressing αv integrin-GFP were aligned along the tumor-induced blood vessels. High resolution ex vivo imaging with the Olympus FV1000 confocal microscope showed narrow capillary vessels surrounded by osteosarcoma cells which strongly expressing αv integrin-GFP compared to those cells far from vessels. This result imply that expressed of osteosarcoma αv integrin is related to the interaction of the osteosarcoma cells and blood vessels. The ability to image αv integrin during interaction of cancer cells and blood vessels will enable the further understanding of its role in this process. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5176. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5176
Study highlights extent of medication errors in hospitals
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A systematic review by Canadian researchers of 22 studies including 3755 patients showed that errors in prescription medication histories at hospital admission were “disturbingly common and potentially harmful to patients.” Such errors occurred in up to 67% of cases in the studies, which were published between 1966 and April 2005 ( CMAJ 2005;173:510-5).

Between 27% and 54% of patients had at least one medication history error and 19-75% of the discrepancies were unintentional. In six of the studies (n=588 patients) the investigators estimated that 11-59% of the medication history errors were clinically important. …
Lack of association between atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome and polymorphisms in the promoter region of RANTES and regulatory region of MCP‐1
Authors: G. T. Kozma, A. Falus, Á . Bojszkó, D. Krikovszky, T. Szabó, A. Nagy, C. Szalai
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Chemokines play an important role in the pathophysiology of atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS) and allergy. Recently polymorphisms in the promoter region of RANTES (regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) and in the gene regulatory region of MCP‐1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1) have been found, which increase the expression of these chemokines. The − 403A allele of the RANTES promoter region was found associated with AEDS in German children. We investigated whether the presence of these polymorphisms was associated with AEDS or allergy in Hungarian children. Methods: One hundred and twenty‐eight children with AEDS, 102 allergic children without AEDS and 303 children of comparable ages without allergic disorders were screened for genotype with a PCR‐based assay. Results: There were no significant differences in the frequency of these polymorphisms, or in the distribution of genotypes between the groups. The total IgE concentration, the white blood cell count and the blood eosinophil cell count did not differ between the genotypes. Conclusion: In this cohort of Hungarian children there was no association between − 28G, and − 403A alleles in the RANTES promoter, − 2518G polymorphism in the distal regulatory region of the MCP‐1 and AEDS, or allergy.
Medical workforce gap in developing countries is set to worsen
Authors: Fiona Godlee
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The number of healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa will have to triple each year for 10 years if every person with HIV or AIDS is to get antiretroviral treatment, said researchers this week. 

Their study, published in AIDS Patient Care and STDs (2007;21:799-812), was one of seven—including one in this week's BMJ (2007;335:862-5 doi: 10.1136/bmj.39345.467813.80)—selected for presentation at the launch at the US National Institutes of Health of the multi-journal global theme issue on poverty and human development. 

The BMJ was among 235 journals from 37 countries that took part in …
928 AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS IN ISRAEL: A MULTICENTER STUDY OF 15 YEARS FOLLOW-UP
Authors: J.-S. Delgado, A. Vodonos, S. Malnick, O. Kriger, R. Wilkof- Segev, B. Delgado, V. Novack, A. Rosenthal, Y. Menachem, E. Melzer, A. Fich
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
The Practicing Physician's Approach To Headache
Authors: Dhirendra S. Bana
Journal: JAMA (1992)

This "working text" by 18 contributors provides a logical guide to the art of treating headache patients. The experienced authors advise clinicians to lend a sympathetic ear to the headache patient's complaints while taking the history. They recommend checking for hypertension and endocrine disorders, among other things, during the physical examination and methodically discuss the necessary laboratory tests to rule out other conditions that can cause headaches. The subsequent chapters devoted to migraine and its complicated form and cluster, tension-type, and organic headaches are well illustrated by case histories. The locations of headaches based on the involved underlying structures are documented in considerations of headache in cerebrovascular disease, posttrauma, and eye-, ear-, nose-, and throat-related conditions. Coronal computed tomographic scans visibly delineate the various sinus-related headaches. Drug therapies discussed include some uncommon methods, such as histamine desensitization for intractable cluster headache and even the soon-to-be-released sumatriptan. Also skillfully addressed is
Stem Cells: Phenotypic and Transcriptional Modulation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells Induced by Nano/Microfabrication Materials (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2013)
Authors: Ken‐ichiro Kamei, Yoshikazu Hirai, Momoko Yoshioka, Yoshihide Makino, Qinghua Yuan, Minako Nakajima, Yong Chen, Osamu Tabata
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Polymer-based microfabrication materials such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and photoresists (PRs) permit the creation of nano/microstructured substrates that enable the direct control of the cellular functions and phenotypes of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), but their biocompatibility and effects on hPSCs are poorly understood. On page 287, Osamu Tabata, Kenichiro Kamei, and co-workers reveal that the tested materials preferentially direct hPSCs towards differentiation. The image depicts how PRs (yellow), PDMS (light blue) and glass (white) influence the capability of hPSC differentiation into various tissues, such as muscle, heart and neurons.
Frequent elevation of Akt kinase phosphorylation in blood marrow and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome patients
Authors: M Nyåkern, P L Tazzari, C Finelli, C Bosi, M Y Follo, T Grafone, P P Piccaluga, G Martinelli, L Cocco, A M Martelli
Journal: Leukemia (2005)
SEVERITY OF TRICUSPID REGURGITATION AS A MARKER OF LEFT VENTRICULAR DILATION IN CHRONIC SEVERE RHEUMATIC MITRAL REGURGITATION
Authors: Benjamin Levin, Maizatu Akma Sulong, Siti Nurzaliana Mohd Safari, Norfazlina Jaffar, Mohd Ramli, Rosli Mohd Ali
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
The Guilt Reaction of Parents of Children with Severe Physical Disease
Authors: RICHARD A. GARDNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

The author studied 23 parents to test the hypothesis that psychological processes other than the classical process might explain the inappropriate guilt reaction of parents of severely ill children. Some of the parents did suffer guilt for reasons described by the classical process—i.e., it was related to unconscious hostility toward the child—but the guilt of some of the others is more readily explained by the alternative hypothesis that it represents an attempt at control of the uncontrollable. In some parents neither mechanism seemed to be operative.
865. In Vivo Gene Transfer of Prostacyclin Synthase by Using AAV Vector Prevents Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Hypertension and Pulmonary Vasoconstriction in Rats
Authors: Takayuki Ito, Takashi Okada, Jun Mimuro, Hiroshi Miyashita, Mutsuko Nonaka-Sarukawa, Hiroaki Mizukami, Akihiro Kume, Masafumi Takahashi, Keiji Yamamoto, Kazuyuki Shimada, Keiya Ozawa
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Background: Prostacyclin synthase (PGIS) is the final committed enzyme for biosynthesis of prostacyclin (PGI2), which ameliorates survival and symptoms in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). However, the therapeutic option of PGI2 is limited by its short half-life, requirement of continuous infusion, and catheter-related complications. Although PGIS gene transfer would effectively and stably express PGI2, previous strategies have several limitations; intratracheal approach may deteriorate respiratory function in critical PAH patients, and intrahepatic approach may cause liver hemorrhage and peritonitis. Thus, intramuscular PGIS gene transfer is considered promising than the others. Nonetheless, a plasmid-based approach has encountered problems arising from transient and insufficient gene expression. Here we employed an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector for an improved intramuscular gene transfer to prevent monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. Methods: We constructed an AAV type1-based vector containing human PGIS gene driven by the modified chicken β-actin promoter with CMV immediate early enhancer (AAV1-PGIS). Three-week-old Wistar rats were intramuscularly injected with AAV1-PGIS or control vector (AAV1-eGFP) at 1x1010 or 1x1011 g.c./body, followed by MCT (40 mg/kg) injection at 7 weeks. At 11 weeks, we assessed hemodynamic parameters, a weight ratio of right ventricle to left ventricle plus septum {RV/(LV+S)}, and histopathology of pulmonary arteries (PAs). Plasma levels of PGI2 were estimated from the measurement of its stable metabolite, 6-keto prostaglandin F1α (PGF1α), using EIA. Results: Eight weeks after vector injection, the plasma 6-keto PGF1α levels increased in a vector dose-dependent manner (1.62 ± 0.30, untreated; 6.68 ± 1.33, 1x1010 g.c./body; 12.29 ± 3.03 ng/mL, 1x1011 g.c./body). The mean PA pressure, PA resistance, RV/(LV+S), and % medial thickness of PAs in the PGIS group (1x1010 g.c./body) significantly decreased compared to the control group (33.9 ± 2.4 vs. 46.1 ± 3.0 mmHg, p<0.05; 0.26 ± 0.03 vs. 0.41 ± 0.03 mmHg/ mL/min/kg, p<0.05; 0.44 ± 0.03 vs. 0.69 ± 0.01, p<0.01; 14.6 ± 1.5 vs. 23.5 ± 0.5%, p<0.01, respectively). Furthermore, the PGIS-transduced rats exhibited prolonged survivals compared to the eGFP-transduced rats (100% vs. 50% in 8 week, P<0.05, n = 8). Importantly, the PGIS-transduced rats showed no significant complication such as infection and systemic blood pressure reduction. Conclusion: Single intramuscular injection of an AAV vector successfully achieved sustained PGIS expression, leading to PAH prevention. This strategy would provide a promising therapeutic alternative for PAH patients suffering from complications of continuous intravenous PGI2 infusion.
Medicine and Public Health
Authors: Stanley J. Reiser
Journal: JAMA (1996)

MEDICINE and public health in the United States are drawing together to work for the good of health and health care through a new movement: the Medicine/Public Health Initiative. The irony of the split and the importance of the bonding come home in the comment a longtime member of the American Medical Association (AMA) made in a conversation with me on informing the general public about the Initiative: "You know," he said, "what will surprise the public is not the news that we are coming together, but the fact that for so long we have been working apart." This separation was not the way of practice envisioned by the founders of Western medicine—Hippocrates and his disciples. "Airs, Waters, Places," one of the most important treatises in the Hippocratic corpus, begins: Whoever wishes to pursue properly the science of medicine must proceed thus: First he ought to consider what effects each
India bans female feticide
Authors: Z Imam
Journal: BMJ (1994)

About 70% of all abortions performed in Delhi, India, are terminations due to the fetus being female. Private clinics make a profit out of offering sex determination tests. The new bill (the Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Bill) introduced in Lok Sabha by Deputy Health Minister Pawan Singh Ghatowatr would stop "sex determination shops" from helping parents and medical practitioners terminate female pregnancies. Prenatal diagnostic tests would be administered only to detect genetic and congenital abnormalities. Physicians would not be allowed to reveal the sex of the fetus unless it was linked to a sex disorder. Women's rights groups have campaigned for such a bill that forbids prenatal sex determination. Abortions based on the sex of the fetus are currently banned under Article 14 and 15 of the Indian Constitution as a violation of women's rights. The new bill would punish doctors who offer to identify the sex of the fetus by taking their names off the official medical register and imprisoning them for 3 years and fining them 10,000 rupees or 200 pounds. Pregnant women who undergo tests would also be punished with the same fine and prison term. Dr. Geeta Dwivedi, a medical physician with the Lucknow branch of the India Family Planning Association, reported that few tests are conducted for the sake of the health and well-being of the fetus. Female feticide is practiced because girls are viewed as an economic burden due to dowry practices and male children are valued for old age support and carrying on the family trade. The sex ratio in India is 927 women to 1000 men. The problem with the new legislation is enforcement, which would require oversight of as many as 2000 clinics in Delhi alone. It is anticipated that clinics would be uncooperative in complying with such a law because their self-interest is at stake.
Adverse Reactions to Enemas
Authors: John F. Burnum
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I happened on an editorial note by Dr Vaisrub (231:1370, 1975) on adverse reactions to enemas. One important and not infrequent complication was omitted: an attending septicemia or bacteremic shock occurring in elderly men with a focus of infection in the prostate.
THE POSSIBILITY OF THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF LOCOMOTOR ATAXIA BY THE EYE-SYMPTOMS.Read before the Philadelphia Neurological Society, Jan. 23,1893.
Authors: HOWARD F. HANSELL
Journal: JAMA (1893)

A review of the voluminous literature on the subject of the eye symptoms in tabes will impress one with the overwhelming importance of a careful and thorough inspection of the extrinsic muscles, the pupils and accommodation, and the optic nerve in the diagnosis of that disease. And this is particularly true in its earliest stages. A well marked case in its second or third stage presents no difficulties. The symptoms are of such a pronounced and individual character and so frequently found in association that "he who runs may read." But in that variable and usually extended period before the spinal sclerosis has developed its distinctive features of altered locomotion, incoördination, perverted and increased sensibility and paralysis, when a diagnosis is of greater value to the patient, an investigation of the ocular apparatus will not infrequently furnish reliable data from which positive deductions concerning the distant future can be drawn.