tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Radioimmunoassay of Gastrin
Authors: James E. McGuigan
Journal: JAMA (1976)

GASTRIN, the most powerful known stimulant to acid secretion, plays an important role in regulating this secretion both in health and in various diseases. Recent advances in knowledge and technology have provided means for measuring serum gastrin concentrations by radioimmunoassay methods. Development of these methods was made possible by the elegant investigations of Gregory and Tracy,<sup>1</sup>who purified two gastrins from the antral mucosa. These hormones are polypeptides, each comprised of 17 amino acids (molecular weight, approximately 2,100) that differ only by the presence (gastrin II) or absence (gastrin I) of sulfation of the tyrosine residue in position 12. With the availability of pure gastrin, it was possible to produce antibodies to it and to have pure standards and materials for radioiodination necessary for development of radioimmunoassay methods for its measurement.<sup>2</sup> <h3>ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME</h3> The most important clinical application of serum gastrin measurements is in the diagnosis of Zollinger-Ellison
Characterization of Apple Allergy in A Mediterranean Population
Authors: María José Torres, Francisca Gómez, Ana Aranda, Cristobalina Mayorga, Ignacio Garcia, Araceli Diaz-Perales, Natalia Blanca-López, Elena Seoane, Arantxa Palacin, Maria Garrido, Stefan Vieths, Miguel Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Proliferation in different stages of development of atherosclerotic lesions in APOE'3-leiden mice
Authors: E. Lutgens, E.D. de Muinck, P.A.F.M. Doevendans, L.M. Havekes, H.J.J. Weltens, M.J.A.P. Daeman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Possible Horizontal Transfer of a Transposable Element from Host to Parasitoid
Authors: Mikio Yoshiyama, Zhijian Tu, Youichi Kainoh, Hiroshi Honda, Toshio Shono, Kiyoshi Kimura
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

Full-length mariner-like elements (MLEs) were identified from both a parasitoid wasp, Ascogaster reticulatus, and its moth host, Adoxophyes honmai. MLEs were detected in two related Tortricid moths, but not in another Ascogaster species. The MLEs of A. reticulatus and A. honmai were 97.6% identical in DNA sequence. This high similarity suggests a recent horizontal transfer, probably from the moth host to the wasp parasitoid, facilitated by the intimacy of the host-parasitoid relationship.
Septic pulmonary embolism in Korea: Microbiology, clinicoradiologic features, and treatment outcome
Authors: Seung-Joon Lee, Seung-Ick Cha, Chang-Ho Kim, Jae-Yong Park, Tae-Hoon Jung, Kyung-Nyeo Jeon, Gun-Woo Kim
Journal: Journal of Infection (2006)
Promotion of mouse fibroblast collagen gene expression by mast cells stimulated via the Fc epsilon RI. Role for mast cell-derived transforming growth factor beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha.
Authors: J R Gordon, S J Galli
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1994)

Chronic allergic diseases and other disorders associated with mast cell activation can also be associated with tissue fibrosis, but a direct link between mast cell mediator release and fibroblast collagen gene expression has not been established. Using in situ hybridization, we show that the elicitation of an IgE-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction in mice results in a transient, but marked augmentation of steady state levels of type alpha-1 (I) collagen mRNA in the dermis. While peak levels of collagen mRNA expression in the skin are observed 16-24 h after mast cell activation, substantial numbers of dermal cells are strongly positive for collagen mRNA at 1 and 2 h after antigen challenge, before circulating inflammatory cells are recruited into the tissues. Furthermore, experiments in mast cell-reconstituted or genetically mast cell-deficient WBB6F1-W/Wv mice demonstrate that the increased expression of collagen mRNA at sites of PCA reactions is entirely mast cell dependent. In vitro studies show that the supernatants of mouse serosal mast cells activated via the Fc epsilon RI markedly increase type alpha-1 (I) collagen mRNA levels in mouse embryonic skin fibroblasts, and also upregulate collagen secretion by these cells. The ability of mast cell supernatants to induce increased steady state levels of collagen mRNA in mouse skin fibroblasts is markedly diminished by absorption with antibodies specific for either of two mast cell-derived cytokines, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta 1) or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and is eliminated entirely by absorption with antibodies against both cytokines. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that IgE-dependent mouse mast cell activation can induce a transient and marked increase in steady state levels of type alpha-1 (I) collagen mRNA in dermal fibroblasts and that mast cell-derived TGF-beta 1 and TNF-alpha importantly contribute to this effect.
VISUAL NEUROSES OF MINERS IN THEIR RELATION TO MILITARY SERVICE
Authors: C. F. Harford
Journal: BMJ (1916)

1-4( UIDICAL ORNVITSUAL NEUROSES OF MLIERS.[TATRCR 4, TOI6 simple incision was made for the evacuation of a collection of pus and the removal of a fragment of dead bone.Although a precautionary dose of serum had been given, the operation w.as followed within eight hours by a violent relapse of the tetanus.
Evidence for a catabolic role of glucagon during an amino acid load.
Authors: M R Charlton, D B Adey, K S Nair
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Despite the strong association between protein catabolic conditions and hyperglucagonemia, and enhanced glucagon secretion by amino acids (AA), glucagon's effects on protein metabolism remain less clear than on glucose metabolism. To clearly define glucagon's catabolic effect on protein metabolism during AA load, we studied the effects of glucagon on circulating AA and protein dynamics in six healthy subjects. Five protocols were performed in each subject using somatostatin to inhibit the secretion of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone (GH) and selectively replacing these hormones in different protocols. Total AA concentration was the highest when glucagon, insulin, and GH were low. Selective increase of glucagon levels prevented this increment in AA. Addition of high levels of insulin and GH to high glucagon had no effect on total AA levels, although branched chain AA levels declined. Glucagon mostly decreased glucogenic AA and enhanced glucose production. Endogenous leucine flux, reflecting proteolysis, decreased while leucine oxidation increased in protocols where AA were infused and these changes were unaffected by the hormones. Nonoxidative leucine flux reflecting protein synthesis was stimulated by AA, but high glucagon attenuated this effect. Addition of GH and insulin partially reversed the inhibitory effect of glucagon on protein synthesis. We conclude that glucagon is the pivotal hormone in amino acid disposal during an AA load and, by reducing the availability of AA, glucagon inhibits protein synthesis stimulated by AA. These data provide further support for a catabolic role of glucagon at physiological concentrations.
Results will depend on whether hysterectomy was essential or not
Authors: C. Richmond
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Serum IgM testing is needed in all cases of suspected measles EDiTOR,-We agree with Laura Ryall and colleagues that testing for virus specific IgM, in either a saliva specimen or a serum sample, is the appropriate initial method for diagnosing measles.'The main advantage of IgM testing, given the current epidemiology of measles in England and Wales, is its high specificity.Currently measles infections are rare, and less than 1% of notified cases have been confirmed by IgM assay of saliva in the past six months.2In this context, even a test that was 99% specific would be expected to have a positive predictive value of around 50%: for every 1000 suspected cases tested there will be about 10 false positive and 10 true positive results.Since 1995, therefore, the Public Health Laboratory Service Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre has requested additional tests on all cases of labora- tory confirmed measles reported in England and Wales.The reporting doctor or laboratory has been asked to refer a serum specimen for IgM assay, either to a local laboratory or to the Public Health Laboratory Service Enteric and Respiratory Virus Laboratory.Table 1-Cases of measles reported to Comtnuni- cable Disease Surveillance Centre by method of diagnosis Serum measles IgM result Initial method of No No No (%) diagnosis reported tested positive Single high IgG in CFT 46 31 13 (42) Fourfold rise in IgG in CFT 12 8 3 (38) Salivary IgM test 38 12 8 (67) Serum IgM test* 11 8 5 (75) Total 107 59 29 (49) CFT = complement fixation test.Reports of cases that were positive on IgM testing by ELISA and were retested with an IgM antibody capture radio- immunoassay.
Preventing domestic violence
Authors: R. Jewkes
Journal: BMJ (2002)

managers to ask the right questions, make sense of the answers, and look in the right direction for solutions.Compared with many other organisations, hospitals have been slow in adopting operational research as a means to improve their performance.Applications are scattered and the results not always used, even if they are relevant and reliable.The implication is that, so far, hospitals have largely failed to use one of the most potent methods currently available for improving the performance of complex organisations.
Abstract 562: Stromal TLR4 and IL 6 expression as potential prognostic inflammation-associated markers for colo-rectal cancer progression
Authors: Rosaria Cammarota, Valentina Bertolini, Giuseppina Pennesi, Eraldo O. Bucci, Cecilia Garlanda, Massimo C. Barberis, Fausto Sessa, Luigi Laghi, Douglas M. Noonan, Adriana Albini
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Epidemiological studies suggest that chronic inflammatory conditions constitute pre-neoplastic conditions. To study how chronic inflammation could affect tumor growth and progression, we quantified the presence of inflammatory cells and expression of inflammatory cytokines by immunohistochemistry on archival tissue samples from 116 patients. We considered 13 cases of ulcerative colitis, 34 tubular or tubulo-villous adenomas with low or high grade dysplasia, and 53 infiltrating adenocarcinomas with T1, T2, T3, and T4 staging. Sixteen specimens of healthy mucosa resected along with the cancerous tissue were used as controls. We investigated expression of CD68 (macrophages), CD15 (neutrophils), CD31 (endothelial cells), Interleukin 6 (IL-6), Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), and Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR-4). We considered 3 specific tissue compartments: epithelial, stromal and endothelial (vessel associated). Statistical differences between individual cell groups were determined using an unpaired two way t-test (Mann-Whitney). Progression from healthy tissue to ulcerative colitis was characterized by a massive inflammatory-angiogenic reaction, as for a significant increase in expression of inflammation markers, paralleled by down-regulation of a potential suppressive molecule, HGF. Subsequently, a progressive increase in cells expressing CD68, CD15, TLR-4, and IL6 were found in the passage from adenoma to adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma patients that expressed high levels of TLR-4 in the stromal compartment had a significantly increased risk of relapse within 40 months. Moreover, in the subgroup of adenocarcinoma patients with a diagnosis of pT3 colon cancer (the most frequent pT), those with higher levels of TLR-4 in the tumor stroma showed increased risk for a relapse within 15 months. These data suggest that inflammation correlates with progression in colorectal cancer, and that TLR-4 represents a potential prognostic marker of colo-rectal cancer progression. Note: This abstract was not presented at the AACR 101st Annual Meeting 2010 because the presenter was unable to attend. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 562.
769-2 Progression and Regression of Coronary Atherosclerosis Occur within the Same Patient During Placebo Treatment and During Lipid-Lowering Therapy with Pravastatin
Authors: J. Wouter Jukema, Ad J. van Boven, Johan H.C. Reiber, Aeilko H. Zwinderman, Albert V.G. Bruschke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Histopathologic Characteristics of Atherosclerotic Coronary Disease and Implications of the Findings for the Invasive and Noninvasive Detection of Vulnerable Plaques
Authors: Jagat Narula, Masataka Nakano, Renu Virmani, Frank D. Kolodgie, Rita Petersen, Robert Newcomb, Shaista Malik, Valentin Fuster, Aloke V. Finn
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Minimally invasive treatment for liver and lung metastases in colorectal cancer
Authors: Alice Gillams
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A 59 year old woman had an anterior resection for primary Dukes's C rectal carcinoma in 2004 followed by adjuvant chemotherapy. Two years later, on routine computed tomography surveillance, she was found to have liver (fig 1⇓) and lung (fig 2⇓) metastases.



Fig 1 Axial computed tomography of the liver showing two irregular hypoattenuating mass lesions, 4.0 cm and 4.3 cm in diameter (arrows). This is the typical appearance of colorectal liver metastases





Fig 2 Axial computed tomography section through the lung showing a 3.8 cm tumour in the right upper lobe (arrow)



Surveillance is indicated in patients with Dukes's B or Dukes's C colorectal carcinoma who are potential candidates for further therapeutic intervention. The optimal surveillance strategy is a matter of debate.1 2 3 An ongoing trial (FACS) is looking at the cost effectiveness of intensive follow-up or no follow-up in patients with successfully resected colorectal cancer (www.facs.soton.ac.uk/). Currently, most centres opt for computed tomography scans at six or 12 monthly intervals for the first two or three years, combined with regular measurements of serum carcinoembryonic antigen.

Because the liver metastases were centrally located in our patient, surgery would have involved removal of three quarters of the liver, followed by pulmonary lobectomy for the lung metastasis. Liver resection and pulmonary resection are associated with a small increase in mortality—less than 5% for …
Cosmetic Breast Augmentation and Suicide
Authors: David B. Sarwer, Gregory K. Brown, Dwight L. Evans
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

This article discusses the unexpected relationship between cosmetic breast implants and suicide that has been found in six epidemiological investigations completed in the last several years.The epidemiological studies are reviewed.Across the six studies, the suicide rate of women who received cosmetic breast implants is approximately twice the expected rate based on estimates of the general population. Although the first study of this issue suggested that the rate of suicide among women with breast implants was greater than that of women who underwent other forms of cosmetic surgery, the largest and most recent investigation in this area found no difference in the rate of suicide between these two groups of women.The higher-than-expected suicide rate among women with cosmetic breast implants warrants further research. In the absence of additional information on the relationship, women interested in breast augmentation who present with a history of psychopathology or those who are suspected by the plastic surgeon of having some form of psychopathology should undergo a mental health consultation before surgery.
Saprophytic invasion of infarcted pulmonary tissue by Aspergillus species.
Authors: D R Buchanan, D Lamb
Journal: Thorax (1982)

Saprophytic invasion of infarcted pulmonary tissue has received only passing reference in published reports. Five patients with colonisation of pulmonary infarcts by aspergillus are described, with discussion of the clinical and histopathological features. The characteristic features were widespread invasion of dead tissue by fungal hyphae, in three cases with liquefaction resulting in the production of a cavitated lesion. There was no evidence that the vascular thrombosis and the consequent infarction present in four cases were caused by the fungus. In two cases the lesions were resected as possible peripheral cavitated tumours, and in two they were incidental findings at necropsy in patients who had had carcinoma and received radiotherapy. In the fifth case the clinical diagnosis was pneumococcal pneumonia but the possibility of primary aspergillus pneumonia was raised.
Joe Roth
Authors: Walter H. C. Burgdorf, Steven Oldenbourg, Robert Eichhorst, Leonard J. Hoenig
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Digitalis Toxicity and Hypomagnesemia.
Authors: Robert H. Seller
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968Digitalis Toxicity and Hypomagnesemia.Robert H. Seller, M.D., F.A.C.P., Jose Cangiano, M.D., Kwan Kim, M.D., Charles Swartz, M.D., Albert N. Brest, M.D., F.A.C.P.Robert H. Seller, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Jose Cangiano, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Kwan Kim, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Charles Swartz, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Albert N. Brest, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1161_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFour patients with digitalis toxicity were found to be hypomagnesemic and normokalemic. Subsequently we observed a significantly lower mean serum magnesium in a group of digitalized heart failure patients (1.40 mEq/liter) than in matched normals (1.93m Eq/liter). These observations, coupled with the fact that both digitalis and magnesium deficiency lead to a decrease in intracellular potassium, suggested that hypomagnesemia might contribute to the development of digitalis toxicity.To determine whether hypomagnesemia facilitates the development of digitalis toxicity and to determine the efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulfate in the treatment of hypomagnesemic digitalis toxicity, serial acetylstrophanthidin infusions were performed in 19... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySome thoughts concerning the prophylactic use of digitalis 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1161-1161KeywordsHeart failureHypomagnesemiaMagnesiumPotassiumSulfatesToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Water Intoxication and Cyclophosphamide
Authors: Thomas H. Steel, Arthur A. Serpick, Jerome B. Block
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Comments and Corrections1 November 1973Water Intoxication and CyclophosphamideTHOMAS H. STEEL, M.D., ARTHUR A. SERPICK, M.D., JEROME B. BLOCK, M.D.THOMAS H. STEEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ARTHUR A. SERPICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JEROME B. BLOCK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-79-5-763_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We were interested in the article of DeFronzo and his associates, "Water Intoxication in Man After Cyclophosphamide Therapy" (Ann Intern Med 861-869, 1973), which indicates a high degree of clinical relevance for certain of our observations (1, 2) on the short-term effects of intravenous cyclophosphamide on the renal diluting mechanism in man.Although differences in cyclophosphamide dosage, speed of drug administration, and experimental design between their studies and ours could explain some of the differences in results, our interpretations of the data differ importantly.First, doses of cyclophosphamide considerably less than 50 mg/kg body weight seem to...References1. BLOCKSERPICKSTEELE JAT: An acute effect of cyclophosphamide (CTX) on the renal concentrating mechanism of man (abstract). Clin Res 16:357, 1968 Google Scholar2. STEELESERPICKBLOCK TAJ: Antidiuretic response to cyclophosphamide in man. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 185:245-253, 1973 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: THOMAS H. STEEL, M.D.; ARTHUR A. SERPICK, M.D.; JEROME B. BLOCK, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byWater intoxication associated with moderate dose of cyclophosphamide pulse therapy in an elderly patient: a case report and literature reviewMagnesium, Calcium, Strontium and Barium 1 November 1973Volume 79, Issue 5Page: 763-764KeywordsBody weightCyclophosphamideDrug administrationIntoxicationResearch design ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1973 PDF downloadLoading ...
Reflex Cardiac Activity in Ischemia and Reperfusion
Authors: Hendrik Bonnemeier, Uwe K.H. Wiegand, Julia Friedlbinder, Simone Schulenburg, Franz Hartmann, Frank Bode, Hugo A. Katus, Gert Richardt
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Abnormal heart rate turbulence (HRT) is associated with an increased risk of mortality in the chronic phase of myocardial infarction (MI) in the prethrombolytic and thrombolytic eras. However, the impact of direct percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on HRT in the acute phase of MI and its association to the epicardial infarct-related arterial flow has not been examined.We investigated HRT in 126 patients undergoing direct PCI for a first MI. Turbulence onset and turbulence slope were determined before reperfusion, during the initial 2 hours after reperfusion, and during hours 6 to 24 after reperfusion. HRT significantly improved after PCI. There were no significant differences in baseline clinical characteristics between Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Trial classification (TIMI) 2 (n=28) and TIMI 3 (n=98) flow. After PCI, turbulence slope increased (13.2+/-11 to 18.1+/-12 ms/beat, P<0.001) and turbulence onset decreased (-0.008+/-0.04% to -0.023+/-0.04%, P<0.01) in patients with TIMI 3 flow after PCI, whereas there were no significant alterations of turbulence slope (12.2+/-10 to 12.8+/-6.5 ms/beat) and turbulence onset (-0.009+/-0.05% to -0.003+/-0.03%) in patients with TIMI 2 flow.The improvement of HRT after successful reperfusion is a previously unreported effect of direct PCI for acute MI, reflecting rapid restoration of baroreceptor response. The persistent impairment of HRT after PCI in patients with TIMI 2 flow indicates a sustained blunted baroreflex response and may reflect a more severe microvascular dysfunction.