tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 11069: Alogliptin, a Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Improves Ventricular Tachypacing-Induced Atrial Fibrillation in a Rabbit Model
Authors: Toshihiko Yamamoto, Masayuki Shimano, Yasuya Inden, Naoki Yoshida, Shinji Ishikawa, Satoshi Okumura, Hiroyuki Kato, Satoshi Yanagisawa, Tomoyuki Nagao, Tadahiro Ito, Yoshiaki Mizutani, Yukiomi Tsuji, Makoto Hirai, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, prescribed for type 2 diabetes mellitus, are recently reported to have cardioprotective effects via improving ventricular function. However, the role of DPP-4 inhibition in atrial remodeling, especially arrhythmogenic substrate, remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a DPP-4 inhibitor, alogliptin, on atrial fibrillation (AF) caused by ventricular tachypacing (VTP) in a rabbit model. Methods: New Zealand white rabbits (male, 2.8-3.1kg) were exposed to VTP (380-400 ppm) for 3 weeks using an implanted right ventricular pacemaker and fed/treated with or without alogliptin (20mg/kg/day). Three weeks later, rabbits were assessed by echocardiography, electrophysiological study and atrial histological analysis (Masson-trichrome staining for fibrosis and anti-CD31 immunofluorescence staining for capillary density). Moreover, expression of atrial angiogenic factors were determined by Western blot. Results: AF was induced by atrial burst pacing in electrophysiological study. VTP rabbits exhibited a prolongation of AF duration, while alogliptin treatment attenuated it (8.8±2.3 seconds vs 2.4±0.3 seconds, p&lt;0.05). Alogliptin also reduced the extent of atrial fibrosis in response to VTP (10.8%±1.0% vs 6.6%±1.1%, p&lt;0.05). In addition, VTP rabbits treated with alogliptin displayed a 1.6-fold increase in capillary density of the left atrial myocardium compared with those without treatment. Western blot analysis indicated that the phosphorylation ratio of eNOS in arrhythmic left atrium was twice higher in alogliptin-treated rabbits compared with control. However, in echocardiography, rabbits treated with alogliptin did not show improvement in left atrial enlargement and left ventricular systolic dysfunction caused by VTP. Conclusions: Alogliptin disrupted the process of AF promotion caused by the accumulation of fibrotic atrial tissue through augmenting atrial angiogenesis and improving endothelial function. Our findings suggest that DPP-4 inhibitors may be useful for the prevention of VTP-induced AF.
Effect of Serelaxin on Cardiac, Renal, and Hepatic Biomarkers in the Relaxin in Acute Heart Failure (RELAX-AHF) Development Program
Authors: Marco Metra, Gad Cotter, Beth A. Davison, G. Michael Felker, Gerasimos Filippatos, Barry H. Greenberg, Piotr Ponikowski, Elaine Unemori, Adriaan A. Voors, Kirkwood F. Adams, Maria I. Dorobantu, Liliana Grinfeld, Guillaume Jondeau, Alon Marmor, Josep Masip, Peter S. Pang, Karl Werdan, Margaret F. Prescott, Christopher Edwards, Sam L. Teichman, Angelo Trapani, Christopher A. Bush, Rajnish Saini, Christoph Schumacher, Thomas Severin, John R. Teerlink
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Vacuolar-ATPase Inhibition Blocks Iron Metabolism to Mediate Therapeutic Effects in Breast Cancer
Authors: Lina S. Schneider, Karin von Schwarzenberg, Thorsten Lehr, Melanie Ulrich, Rebekka Kubisch-Dohmen, Johanna Liebl, Dirk Trauner, Dirk Menche, Angelika M. Vollmar
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Generalized strategies to improve breast cancer treatment remain of interest to develop. In this study, we offer preclinical evidence of an important metabolic mechanism underlying the antitumor activity of inhibitors of the vacuolar-type ATPase (V-ATPase), a heteromultimeric proton pump. Specifically, our investigations in the 4T1 model of metastatic breast cancer of the V-ATPase inhibitor archazolid suggested that its ability to trigger metabolic stress and apoptosis associated with tumor growth inhibition related to an interference with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling pathways and iron metabolism. As a consequence of disturbed iron metabolism, archazolid caused S-phase arrest, double-stranded DNA breaks, and p53 stabilization, leading to apoptosis. Our findings link V-ATPase to cell-cycle progression and DNA synthesis in cancer cells, and highlight the basis for the clinical exploration of V-ATPase as a potentially generalizable therapy for breast cancer.
Abstract 152: Impact of Shock Timing During Mechanical CPR on Defibrillation Efficacy
Authors: Robert G Walker, Alexander Esibov, Fred W Chapman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Mechanical CPR (mCPR) devices enable defibrillation shock delivery during ongoing chest compressions, without the pause required during manual CPR. It is unknown whether shock delivery during ongoing mCPR, vs. during a pause, affects VF termination efficacy. Animal studies suggest that during ongoing mCPR, timing a shock to a specific phase of the compression cycle may significantly affect shock efficacy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed electronic defibrillator recordings from the Amsterdam Resuscitation Study (ARREST), a prospective out-of-hospital cardiac arrest registry. We identified cases with LUCAS mCPR and at least one shock delivered after mCPR initiation. Shocks were sorted by energy level, and the most prevalent (360 J) was selected for the present analysis. Continuous ECG and impedance signals were analyzed to determine VF termination (defined as absence of VF at 5 sec after shock) for each shock after mCPR initiation, and whether the shock was delivered during a pause or during mCPR. For shocks delivered during a pause we measured pre-shock pause duration; for shocks delivered without pausing we measured the exact timing of the shock during the compression cycle. Results: In 153 cases meeting analysis criteria, 509 360J shocks occurred after mCPR initiation; VF termination outcome could be determined for 460. VF termination for first eligible shock during mCPR in each case was 84/97 (87%) during a pause, and 79/93 (85%; p=0.74) during ongoing mCPR; for all eligible shocks, VF termination was 203/242 (83.9%) and 155/196 (79.1%; p=0.20) respectively. For shocks during mCPR, there were no statistically significant differences in VF termination rate for shocks during four equal length phases beginning with LUCAS piston upstroke: 39/44 (89%), 39/49 (80%), 35/51 (69%), 40/50 (80%) (p = 0.12). For shocks during a pause, VF termination rate did not differ for pre-shock pauses ≤5 sec (75/91, 82.4%) vs. &gt;5 sec (128/151, 84.8%; p=0.63). Conclusions: Our results indicate that shocks can be delivered during ongoing mCPR without reducing defibrillation efficacy. The exact shock timing during the mCPR compression cycle did not significantly alter shock efficacy. VF termination rate was not affected by pre-shock pause duration during mCPR.
Pre-Pen Available Again
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evidence-based health care, by J A Muir Gray
Authors: L. J Donaldson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

J A Muir Gray Churchill Livingstone, £16.95, pp 270 ISBN 0 443 05721 4

Chekhov once observed that a good writer helps us to feel not just life as it is, but life as it should be. The movement for evidence based medicine offers something similar- enlightenment coupled with views of a promised land. While the conflict between these two states-as it is, and as it should be-is the vehicle for many successful works of art, its force in scientific revolutions is often more divisive. Thus, while evidence based medicine has a large groundswell of support within the profession, it also has …
Rhabdomyolysis and Lipid-Lowering Drugs—Reply
Authors: David J. Graham, Judy A. Staffa, Lois La Grenade, Deborah Shatin, Stephanie D. Schech, Susan E. Andrade, Jerry H. Gurwitz, Michael J. Goodman, K. Arnold Chan, Richard Platt
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue
132. Lentivirus-Mediated Expression of Adenovirus Fibers for the Complementation or Packaging of Fiber Gene-Mutated or -Deleted Adenovirus Vectors
Authors: Taco G. Uil, Jort Vellinga, On Ying Chan, Stephanie van der Heijdt, Rob Hoeben
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Adenovirus-based vectors have shown great utility as therapeutic gene delivery vehicles or as virotherapeutic tools. However, for many applications, their use has often been limited due to the lack of efficiency and/or specificity of the vector for target cells or tissue. Therefore, distinct strategies have been employed to ablate the native tropism of adenovirus and/or to introduce novel tropism. Since the interaction of its fiber protein to cellular receptors is a major predicate of adenovirus tropism, many of these strategies have focussed on genetic fiber modifications. The goal of these and other genetic capsid modifications is the generation of truly targeted adenovirus vectors, which can efficiently transduce their cellular targets but are incapable of infecting non-target cells. In this regard, as these re-targeted adenovirus vectors cannot be propagated on normal cells, it is of necessity that new cell types are available which can, for instance, complement for a defective fiber in the adenovirus genome. Furthermore, “packaging cells” which produce modified or mutated fiber protein variants are also useful as these can allow for testing of modified fiber proteins in the context of adenovirus virions without the necessity of genetically engineering the adenovirus genome. For the above purposes, there have been several approaches described to express fiber or fiber variants in cells. These include transient transfection and the generation of stably expressing cell lines. Here we propose the usage of lentiviral vectors as a means for adenovirus fiber protein expression in cells. Lentivirus-mediated expression is a potentially quick and facile way to obtain cells stably expressing fiber proteins. Our work is aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of lentivirus-mediated fiber protein expression in the context of complementation or packaging of fiber gene-mutated or -deleted adenovirus vectors.
Recent developments: Recent developments in neurology
Authors: S. Wiebe
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Neurology has evolved from a rich, descriptive discipline to one with many diagnostic and therapeutic options supported by an increasingly robust evidence base. This review looks at new evidence on the management of temporal lobe epilepsy, which shows that surgery can now prevent years of ineffective drug treatment and unnecessary disability. In stroke, simple clinical scales can accurately identify patients who will benefit most from evidence based treatments, although interventions of proved efficacy and safety continue to be underused. In dementia, while the promise of early preventive measures looms on the horizon, the clinical importance of available antidementia drugs continues to be investigated. Finally, the usefulness of the clinical neurological examination is being systematically analysed in specific conditions, such as migraine and carpal tunnel syndrome.

#### Recent developments

Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy should be considered for surgical treatment if more than two consecutive anticonvulsants fail to control the seizures

The risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation can be accurately predicted by the presence of risk factors such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, increased age, diabetes, and especially prior cerebral ischaemia

Carotid endarterectomy for prevention of stroke in symptomatic carotid stenosis is more effective in patients aged over 75 than in younger patients

Patients with ischaemic stroke who can be treated within three hours of onset should be considered for thrombolysis; larger strokes, as assessed with a simple computed tomography based scoring system, are less likely to be reversed

Use of interferon for first demyelinating episodes may prevent progression to clinically definite multiple sclerosis

Early corticosteroid treatment (within seven days of onset of symptoms) may be effective in Bell's palsy

We identified important neurological advances by canvassing subspecialty neurologists, performing hierarchical literature searches with SUMSearch (SUMSearch.UTHSCSA.edu/searchform4.htm), and reviewing medical collections such as bmj.com (www.bmj.com/collections/), Lancet Neurology Network (www.lancetneuronet.com/journal), Bandolier (www.jr2.ox.ac.uk/bandolier/), Health …
Secretaries for PRHOs
Authors: James Owen Drife
Journal: BMJ (2001)

My son the trainee solicitor, in his first salaried post after five years at university, is the equivalent, I suppose, of a preregistration house officer (PRHO). Nevertheless, he has his own telephone and an answering machine that suggests to callers that they either leave a message or speak to his secretary.

As a houseman I had no secretary. I filled in my own forms, delivered samples, and found films deep in the X-ray stores. On teaching …
411. Creation of Novel Lentiviral Vectors That Co-Package Anti-HIV Ribozymes with HIV-1
Authors: Shuo Gu, James D. Kim, Gerhard Bauer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

During the life cycle of HIV, dimerization and packaging of two copies of viral genomic RNA is mediated via the dimerization/packaging signal (the ψ sequence), located within the 5′ end of the viral genomic transcripts downstream to the primer-binding site and within the gag-coding region of the viral RNA. Dimerization results in co-localization of two viral genomic sequences with both the cell and the virion. It has been shown that dimerization and subsequent virion packaging of dimerized RNAs could be used as a means of co-localizing the ribozyme and target RNAs within the virion and the cell to increase the ribozyme cleavage efficiency.
Urine TMPRSS2:ERG Plus PCA3 for Individualized Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment
Authors: Scott A Tomlins, John R Day, Robert J Lonigro, Daniel H Hovelson, Javed Siddiqui, L Priya Kunju, Rodney L Dunn, Sarah Meyer, Petrea Hodge, Jack Groskopf, John T Wei, Arul M Chinnaiyan
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Impact of Major Bleeding on 30-Day Mortality and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Steven V. Manoukian, Frederick Feit, Roxana Mehran, Michele D. Voeltz, Ramin Ebrahimi, Martial Hamon, George D. Dangas, A. Michael Lincoff, Harvey D. White, Jeffrey W. Moses, Spencer B. King, E. Magnus Ohman, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Radioimmunotherapy with iodine 131I tositumomab for relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: updated results and long-term follow-up of the University of Michigan experience
Authors: Mark S. Kaminski, Judith Estes, Kenneth R. Zasadny, Isaac R. Francis, Charles W. Ross, Melissa Tuck, Denise Regan, Susan Fisher, Jeanne Gutierrez, Stewart Kroll, Robert Stagg, George Tidmarsh, Richard L. Wahl
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract P1-01-12: Preoperative breast MRI does not affect survival outcomes in T1-2 breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving therapy
Authors: Jegyu Ryu, Sanghwa Kim, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park, Seho Park, Seung il Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative breast MRI in T1-2 women with breast cancer. Methods: Total 1179 patients, who had T1-2 breast cancer and underwent definitive surgery between 2007 and 2010, were reviewed in this study. Preoperative breast MRI was performed in 981 women with breast cancer. We divided patients into two groups: Patients underwent preoperative MRI and breast-conserving therapy (BCT), those who did not undergo preoperative MRI but BCT. Patients underwent preoperative MRI and total mastectomy were excluded. Clinicopathological features were analyzed using Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test if indicated. Survival analyses were examined using Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Cox-proportional hazard model was accessed as multivariate analysis. Results: In 873 patients who underwent BCT, 675 patients (77.3%) received preoperative MRI, and 198 (22.7%) patients did not. Clinicopathological features including T-stage, Nodal status, histologic type, progesterone receptor, histologic grade, age group (≤ 35 vs. &amp;gt; 35 yr), adjuvant chemotherapy, radiation, and hormone therapy were not significantly different between two groups. Patients aged 50 or younger received more preoperative MRI than those over aged 50 years (42.8 % vs. 51.5%, p=0.02). Estrogen receptor positive-tumors were more common in patients with preoperative MRI (74.9% vs. 67.2%, p=0.03). HER2 over-expression was frequently found in women without preoperative MRI (7.9% vs. 14.6%, p&amp;lt;0.001). In univariate analyses, there was no significant difference in recurrence-free and overall survival between patients who underwent breast MRI and those who did not (p for RFS = 0.75, p for OS = 0.48). In multivariate analyses, preoperative MRI did not influence on RFS and OS (HR for RFS = 0.82, 95%CI= 0.35-1.91, HR for OS = 1.52, 95% CI= 0.40-5.76). Age group and HER2 were not associated with RFS and OS (all p&amp;gt;0.05). ER was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS (all p&amp;lt;0.01). Conclusions: Routine use of preoperative MRI in women with T1-2 breast cancer may not translate into better RFS and OS. Citation Format: Jegyu Ryu, Sanghwa Kim, Jee Ye Kim, Hyung Seok Park, Seho Park, Seung il Kim. Preoperative breast MRI does not affect survival outcomes in T1-2 breast cancer patients who underwent breast-conserving therapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-01-12.
Abstract 8732: Predictors of Mortality and the Effect of Disease Specific Therapy on Survival in Adult Patients With Eisenmenger Syndrome
Authors: Hisanori Sakazaki, Koichiro Niwa, Heung Lee, Makoto Nakazawa, Tsutomu Saji, Toshio Nakanishi, Teiji Akagi, Michihiko Ueno, Motoki Takamuro, Fukiko Ichida, Namiko Kojima, Hitoshi Kato, Masaki Matsushima, Shigetoyo Kogaki, Sachiko Kido, Yoshio Aragaki, Kunitaka Joo, Kenji Suda
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Disease specific therapy (DST) is expected to improve survival of adult patients with Eisenmenger syndrome (ES). However, there are few articles on survival in current era of DST. Our a...
Abstract 12504: Overexpression of Phosphoglycerate Mutase, a Glycolytic Enzyme, Induces Pro-inflammatory Response and Impairs Cardiac Function
Authors: Junji Okuda, Shinnichiro Niizuma, Takao Kato, Yasutaka Inuzuka, Tsuneaki Kawashima, Yodo Tamaki, Yoshitaka Iwanaga, Toru Kita, Takeshi Kimura, Tetsuo Shioi
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Cardiac glucose metabolism changes during the progression of heart failure. However, whether the change is adaptive or maladaptive remains to be elucidated. Phosphoglycerate mutase (PGM...
Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease.
Authors: Robert Stanley Goodhart, Maurice E. Shils
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

The fourth edition of Modern  in Health and Disease follows the organization established in previous volumes, ie, Normal Nutrition,  in Disease, and  in Periods of Physiologic Stress. Each of the 43 chapters is, in essence, a review of a given topic, with primary emphasis on nutritional principles rather than dietetics.  Three new chapters have been added, two under Normal Nutrition and one under  in Disease. These are (1) Naturally Occurring Toxic Foods by Mickelsen and Yang; (2) Evaluation of  in Population Groups by Pearson; and (3)  in Brain Function by Coursin. All are timely, well-written additions to the book.  The rest of the volume has been revised extensively, and 12 new authors are listed. In spite of the expansion in content, the fourth edition contains 20 fewer pages than the previous one, but this was accomplished by increasing the size of the page by
Abstract 14063: Detection of Pulmonary Embolism with a Single-chain Antibody functionalized for Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Timo Heidt, Simon Ehrismann, Karlheinz Peter, Christoph Hagemeyer, Irene Neudorfer, Dominik von Elverfeldt, Christoph Bode, Constantin von zur Muhlen
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Pulmonary embolism is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality. A major limitation of currently used diagnostic techniques, computed tomography or nuclear ventilation-perfusion imaging, is exposure to radiation. Radiation-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) still cannot provide the diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy needed especially within the lung tissue  Here, we use molecular imaging and MRI to specifically target and non-invasively depict sites of platelet activation in murine pulmonary thromboemboli using a functionalized single-chain antibody against ligand induced binding sites of activated platelets (LIBS).   Methods/Results:  Injecting 5% thrombin solution intravenously induced reliable platelet-rich thromboemboli in pulmonary arteries as confirmed by ex vivo immunohistochemistry for CD41 (thrombin 5%: 4.3 ± 0.3 emboli per lobe vs. saline: 0.4 ± 0.2, p  Performing in vivo molecular MRI, we detected local parenchymal edema after 5% thrombin solution most likely due to vessel obstruction.  In T2* weighted MRI scans of the lung before and after LIBS-MPIO injection we found locally restricted signal voids within the edematous area. Ex vivo we confirmed that LIBS-MPIO labeled thromboemboli correlated histologically with the area of the signal void.   Conclusions:  We here demonstrate delivery and binding of LIBS-MPIO to activated platelets in pulmonary thromboembolism. Using molecular MRI we detected MPIO-induced signal voids that correlated with the presence of a vascular thrombus with in a local edema caused by this pathology.  Going forward, this molecular imaging approach may provide new opportunities to increase sensitivity of standard magnetic resonance imaging for detection of pulmonary embolism with implications for clinical translation.