tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In Vitro Colony Formation by Normal and Leukemic Human Hematopoietic Cells: Characterization of the Colony-Forming Cells 2
Authors: M. A. S. Moore, N. Williams, D. Metcalf
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article In Vitro Colony Formation by Normal and Leukemic Human Hematopoietic Cells: Characterization of the Colony-Forming Cells Get access M. A. S. Moore, M. A. S. Moore Cancer Research Unit, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, P.O. 3050, Victoria, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar N. Williams, N. Williams Cancer Research Unit, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, P.O. 3050, Victoria, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar D. Metcalf D. Metcalf Cancer Research Unit, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Royal Melbourne Hospital, P.O. 3050, Victoria, Australia Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 3, March 1973, Pages 603–623, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.3.603 Published: 01 March 1973 Article history Received: 01 June 1972 Accepted: 20 September 1972 Published: 01 March 1973
Mediastinal metastases from non-lymphomatous extra-thoracic tumours. A multicenter series of a rare condition
Authors: Emilio Canalis, Pierre-Yves Brichon, Carlos Pages, Joaquin Pac, Alain Rind, Jean-Michel Moreau, Jesus Loscertales
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Most mediastinal metastases are from lung, esophagus or mediastinum itself. Non-lymphomatous extra-thoracic tumours rarely give place to mediastinal metastases.The purpose of this study was to investigate the way this rare condition is managed and its prognosis.  Material and Methods: Thoracic surgeons from 7 different centers in Spain and France put together their series to perform a retrospective study of this kind of mediastinal metastases.  Results: A total of 16 cases was recorded (11 women and 5 men). Age ranged between 32 and 72 years in women (M=49) and between 31 and 76 in men (M=49). Among women, the primaries were: 4 sarcomas, 3 breast, 2 kidney and 2 ovary. Among men, the primaries were 2 testicular and 1 melanoma, 1 digestive and 1 feochromocytoma. The time between treatment of the primary tumor and the diagnosis of mediastinal metastasis was 16 months in breast origin (0-24), 84 months in sarcomas (12-132) and 19 months in kidney cases (14-92). Other metastases were rare, only pulmonary in 3 cases of sarcoma and one case of retroperitoneal metastasis in a testicular case. The mediastinal metastases were treated through thoracotomy in 11 patients (9 right, 2 left), 2 right videothoracoscopies and 3 sternotomies. Survival was of 67 months for the already dead patients and 58 months for the still alive patients.  Conclusions: Mediastinal metastases of nonlymphomatous extrathoracic tumors are more frequent among women, normally the mediastinal metastasis is solitaire except in sarcomas, and their prognosis is not as bad as expected.
Increased body mass index predicts severity of asthma symptoms but not objective asthma traits in a large sample of asthmatics
Authors: Simon Francis Thomsen, Vibeke Backer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim:  To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and different indicators of asthma severity in a large community-based sample of Danish adolescents and adults.   Methods:  A total of 1,186 subjects, 14-44 years of age, who in a screening questionnaire had reported a history of airway symptoms suggestive of asthma and/or allergy, or who were taking any medication for these conditions were clinically examined. All participants were interviewed about respiratory symptoms and furthermore skin test reactivity, lung function, and airway responsiveness were measured.   Results:  A total of 516 individuals had clinical asthma. The mean BMI was 24.9 kg/m 2  (SD=5.1). Asthma severity measured by GINA score increased with higher BMI (p=0.007). The result remained significant after adjusting for age, sex and smoking (p=0.032). Severity of individual asthma symptoms; cough (p=0.001) and chest tightness (p=0.037) was also significantly related to BMI, whereas severity of wheezing and shortness of breath was not. Airway obstruction was more pronounced in subjects with increased BMI (p   Conclusions:  Increased body mass index predicts severity of asthma symptoms but not objective asthma traits.
S-Phase Fraction and Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Are Better Markers for Distant Recurrences Than Nottingham Prognostic Index and Histologic Grade in a Prospective Study of Premenopausal Lymph Node–Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: P. Malmström, P-O. Bendahl, P. Boiesen, N. Brünner, I. Idvall, M. Fernö
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Histologic grade, Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PgR) status, and tumor size have previously been shown to be important prognostic indicators for distant recurrence of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the prognostic value of these factors with flow cytometric S-phase fraction (SPF), urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) in premenopausal patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer.In 237 consecutive premenopausal patients with lymph node-negative breast cancer and freshly frozen tumor material available, SPF, ER and PgR status, uPA and its inhibitor PAI-1, histologic grade, and NPI were evaluated.SPF was univariately the most powerful prognostic factor for distant recurrence, followed by uPA, histologic grade, PgR, age, ER, NPI, and PAI-1, the latter being nonsignificant. Multivariate analysis revealed that neither NPI nor histologic grade was significant after adjustment for SPF, a fact that may be explained by the strong association between these factors. uPA was, however, an independent prognostic factor in addition to SPF, NPI, or histologic grade.In this prospective study, SPF and uPA were found to be independent prognostic factors in premenopausal women with lymph node-negative breast cancer. We suggest that SPF, if performed under standardized conditions, can replace histologic grade as a selection instrument for adjuvant medical treatment. The value of the combination of SPF and uPA needs to be confirmed in an independent prospective trial.
Chest wall motion supine and sitting positions in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Cristiana Magalhães, Mauro Vidigal, Danielle Vieira, Bruna Vieira, Verônica Parreira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Respiratory muscle function is progressively altered in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) leading to chronic respiratory failure. Moreover, diaphragmatic dysfunction starts to occur in supine position in neuromuscular diseases. Studies that analyze the chest wall motion, with special attention to the contribution of the diaphragm, may contribute significantly to earlier detection of ventilation failure. Aim: analyze chest wall motion in supine and sitting positions in patients with ALS and in a sex and age-matched healthy control group. Ten patients with ALS, aged 54 ± 13 years and 10 healthy controls were included. Motion and volume changes of the chest wall and its compartments: rib cage (inspiratory and expiratory muscles) and abdomen (diaphragm and abdominal muscles) were assessed by the optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP, BTS, Milan, Italy). All participants were evaluated in supine and sitting positions during five minutes of quite breathing in each position. Paired t-tests and independent Student t-tests were used, respectively, for intra-group and inter-group analyses. The significance level was set at α  Partly supported by FAPEMIG and CNPq.
DAS ALLERGISCHE FOKALREAKTIONSPHÄNOMEN
Authors: H. H. CORNET
Journal: Allergy (1976)

On the basis of examinations of 654 cases of clinical allergy (487 cases of bronchial asthma) a new allergenic phenomenon is described: "The allergic focal reaction phenomenon". It is associated with the demonstration of a regularly reproducible, clinical, allergic initiating effect of very small doses of specific antigen only on the allergically diseased tissue (focus). The findings made it possible to elaborate a new method for allergy testing and therapy without any danger, and offers quite new ideas for the interpretation of allergic mechanisms. The authors tried to integrate this phenomenon into the picture of clinical allergy, and some so far unclear problems of allergy may, on this basis, have found a probable solution."
Suppressive Effect of Leukemia Virus-Infected Lymphoid Cells on In Vitro Immunization of Normal Splenocytes2
Authors: John R. Kateley, Isao Kamo, Glenn Kaplan, Herman Friedman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Impaired immunologic responsiveness occurred when spleen cells from Friend leukemia virus (FLV)-infected BALB/c mice were immunized in vitro with sheep erythrocytes and the immune response was d,etermined at the cell level by the hemolytic plaque assay in agar gel. Spleen cells from infected mice also impaired the expected antibody response to sheep erythrocytes by spleen cells trom normal mice immunized in vitro. Asfew as 105 splenocytes from 7- to 28-day FLV-infected mice suppressed the expected antibody response of 5 million spleen cells from normal mice immunized in vitro with sheep erythrocytes. Leukemic spleen cells were immunosuppressivewhen added to normal spleen cells either at culture initiation or as late as 3 days thereafter. However, immunosuppression was even greater when infected spleen cells were mixed with normal spleen cells 2 days before addition of sheep erythrocytes. Bone marrow and thymus cells from FLV-infected mice also decreased the number of antibody-forming cells induced by sheep erythrocytes, but these cell types were less suppressive than splenocytes. Immunosuppression also occurred when infected splenocytes were separated from normal spleen cells by 0.45-)μ cell-impermeable membrane filters, but not by dialysis membranes. The factor(s) from leukemic cells which mediated immunosuppression was either freshly shed virus or a virus-associated factor, since isologous antivirus serum prevented immunosuppression when added to the culture vessels. Cell-free FLV homogenates, though markedly leukemogenic and immunosuppressive in vivo, did not significantly affect the immune response in vitro when added to spleen cell cultures from normal BALB/c mice.
GSTT11 and CYP1A1 polymorphisms, tobacco smoking and lung cancer in northern India
Authors: Sandeep Bhattacharya, Anup Raj Tilak, Rajni Kant Shukla, Surya Kant, Ashwani Kumar, Balrj Mittal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Susceptibility to lung cancer has been shown to be modulated by inheritance of polymorphic genes encoding cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and glutathione S transferases (GSTT1), which are involved in the bioactivation and detoxification of environmental toxins.   Aim:  To investigated the role of  GSTT1  and  CYP1A1 -6235T>C  polymorphisms in the susceptibility to lung cancer patients in northern India.   Methodology:  We have recruited 456 study subjects, 218 cases of lung cancer and 238 healthy controls were recruited from northern India. healthy Controls, age sex matched, and Sociodemographic information by interviewed. This study was conducted to investigate putative interactions of environmental toxicants mainly PAH with genetic susceptibility. Extraction of genomic DNA and genotyping of variants in  -6235 T>C  (rs4646903) and  GSTT1  were conducted to investigated the role of polymorphisms in the susceptibility to lung cancer patients in northern India. subjects were genotyped through polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).   Results:  The frequencies of  GSTT1  Null, alleles were significantly differ between patients and controls, with odds ratio [OR] =0.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.35-0.79; p= 0.002, but  -6235 T>C  genotype were not associate with lung cancer patients with healthy controls.GSTT1 null genotype were significant associated with the smoker lung cancer patients, with odds ratio [OR] = 1.76; 95% [CI] = 1.17-2.66; p= 0.007.   Conclusion:  In this northern Indian population, 86.7% of male and 13.3% of female lung cancer incidence were explained by tobacco smoking. Deletion polymorphisms of the  GSTT1  had an effect on the risk of lung cancer.
Correspondence re: D. A. Beck, R. D. Rossen, D. B. Dubois, and C. O. Felice. Synthesis of Antigens, Cross-Reactive with Bovine Serum Albumin, by Cultured Neuroblastoma Cells. Cancer Res. 43: 858–863, 1983; D. A. Beck, R. D. Rossen, A. Cangir, and D. B. Dubois. Correlation of Immune Complexes in Disseminated Neuroblastoma with Serum Antibody to Bovine Serum Albumin. Cancer Res., 43: 879–885, 1983.—Reply
Authors: Daniel A. Beck, Dwight B. DuBois, Roger D. Rossen
Journal: Cancer Research (1983)
Comparison of Treatment Response in Idiopathic and Connective Tissue Disease–associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Rennie L. Rhee, Nicole B. Gabler, Sapna Sangani, Amy Praestgaard, Peter A. Merkel, Steven M. Kawut
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Studies suggest that patients with connective tissue disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH) have a poorer treatment response to therapies for PAH compared with patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH), but individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been underpowered to examine differences within these subgroups.To compare the effect of therapy for PAH in CTD-PAH versus IPAH.We obtained individual participant data from phase III placebo-controlled RCTs of therapies for PAH submitted to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for drug approval. A treatment-by-diagnosis interaction term evaluated differences in treatment response between CTD-PAH and IPAH. Outcomes included change in 6-minute-walk distance (∆6MWD) from baseline to 12 weeks, clinical worsening, and all-cause mortality.The study sample included 827 participants with CTD-PAH and 1,935 with IPAH from 11 RCTs. Patients with CTD-PAH had less improvement in 6MWD when assigned to active treatment versus placebo compared with patients with IPAH (difference in treatment effect on ∆6MWD in CTD-PAH vs. IPAH, -17.3 m; 90% confidence interval, -31.3 to -3.3; P for interaction = 0.043). Treatment was less effective in reducing the occurrence of clinical worsening in CTD-PAH versus IPAH (P for interaction = 0.012), but there was no difference in the placebo-adjusted effect of treatment on mortality (P for interaction = 0.65).Treatment for PAH was less effective in CTD-PAH compared with IPAH in terms of increasing 6MWD and preventing clinical worsening. The heterogeneity of treatment response supports the need for identifying therapies that are more effective for CTD-PAH.
Sputum eosinophil levels in corticosteroid-treated asthmatic patients
Authors: Elena Bacci, Manuela Latorre, Silvana Cianchetti, Federico Dente, Antonella Di Franco, Lorenza Melosini, Federica Novelli, Erika Camici, Pierluigi Paggiaro
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We have shown that asthmatic patients, despite being asymptomatic after 1-month treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS), may have persistent sputum eosinophilia associated with higher degrees of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (Bacci et al., ATS meeting 2010). In order to test the effects of longer treatment periods, we treated 116 symptomatic, steroid-naive, mild-to-moderate asthmatic patients with different doses of ICS (50 to 500 mcg bid) for three to six months. Before and after treatment, all patients underwent spirometry, methacholine test, sputum analysis, and recorded symptom score (SS) and Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) throughout the study period. Regardless of treatment dose and duration, some patients (n=56) still had high (≥ 2%) sputum eosinophils after ICS treatment; they were no different from patients with low sputum eosinophils as regards clinical and functional data after treatment, but had higher baseline SS (1.5 [0.1-3.6] vs 1.0 [0.1-3.1], p=0.04). After treatment, some patients still had high sputum eosinophils despite being totally controlled (SS=0); they were no different from totally controlled patients with low sputum eosinophils.  We conclude that, in patients with greater symptom levels before treatment, sputum eosinophilia may persist despite ICS treatment. Also, sputum eosinophilia may persist even in patients with totally controlled asthma, but after 6 months the relationship with bronchial hyperresponsiveness is lost, maybe because ICS also affect mechanisms involved in bronchial hyperresponsiveness other than sputum eosinophilia.
Antitumor Immunity Induced by Hybrid Murine Tumor Cells: Requirements for Optimal Immunization&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: C S McCune, R W O'Donnell, P K Horan, H S Budd, J L Spennacchio, C Chuang, E C Henshaw
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Hybrid tumor cells have been evaluated for their ability to induce specific antitumor immunity in inbred female C3H/He mice challenged with the syngeneic BA tumor. Hybrid cells were produced by fusion of BA cells with a BALB/c renal adenocarcinoma, which is hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase-deficient and grows well in culture. Corynebacterium parvum was evaluated as an adjuvant for BA and hybrid cells. The BA tumor was shown to be poorly immunogenic, and four weekly injections of BA cells alone or C. parvum alone did not confer significant immunity. When BA cells and C. parvum were mixed, survival time was prolonged and most mice remained tumor-free. Hybrid cell lines derived from the BA tumor were produced in culture in unlimited quantities and were successfully used as immunogens. The addition of C. parvum to hybrids gave a significant incremental increase in survival when compared to the survival resulting from immunization by hybrids without adjuvant. When hybrids without adjuvant were used, several weekly injections were required for effective immunization. Irradiated and unirradiated hybrids were compared, and it was found that irradiation did not diminish hybrid immunogenicity. The potential problems and advantages of this concept of therapy are discussed.
Corneal structure and transparency
Authors: Keith M. Meek, Carlo Knupp
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2015)

The corneal stroma plays several pivotal roles within the eye. Optically, it is the main refracting lens and thus has to combine almost perfect transmission of visible light with precise shape, in order to focus incoming light. Furthermore, mechanically it has to be extremely tough to protect the inner contents of the eye. These functions are governed by its structure at all hierarchical levels. The basic principles of corneal structure and transparency have been known for some time, but in recent years X-ray scattering and other methods have revealed that the details of this structure are far more complex than previously thought and that the intricacy of the arrangement of the collagenous lamellae provides the shape and the mechanical properties of the tissue. At the molecular level, modern technologies and theoretical modelling have started to explain exactly how the collagen fibrils are arranged within the stromal lamellae and how proteoglycans maintain this ultrastructure. In this review we describe the current state of knowledge about the three-dimensional stromal architecture at the microscopic level, and about the control mechanisms at the nanoscopic level that lead to optical transparency.
Estrogen replacement during hypoalbuminemia may enhance atherosclerotic risk.
Authors: J A Joles, C Bijleveld, A van Tol, M J Geelen, H A Koomans
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

Estrogen replacement therapy is considered antiatherosclerotic because it reduces LDL cholesterol and fibrinogen and increases HDL cholesterol concentrations. However, exogenous estrogen is also known to increase hepatic triglyceride production. Hyperlipidemia in the nephrotic syndrome is probably due to increased lipoprotein secretion into plasma and decreased clearance of lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. Previously, lipid-lowering effects of ovariectomy in analbuminemic rats were observed, suggesting that in the presence of hypoalbuminemia, estrogen replacement may have adverse effects on the lipid profile. To test this hypothesis, ovariectomized control rats and rats with Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome were treated with estradiol. In ovariectomized controls, estradiol reduced plasma LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and fibrinogen and increased apolipoprotein A-I and triglycerides. Nephrotic rats were characterized by a marked decrease in plasma colloid osmotic pressure, hyperfibrinogenemia, hyperlipidemia, and stimulated hepatic fatty acid synthesis. The beneficial effects of estradiol on LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and fibrinogen found in ovariectomized controls were not present in estradiol-treated nephrotic rats. This suggests that in hypoalbuminemia, downregulation of the LDL receptor overrides putative estradiol-induced increases in LDL receptor activity. Moreover, estrogen replacement in the nephrotic syndrome doubled fatty acid synthesis and triglyceride secretion, and markedly exacerbated hypertriglyceridemia, suggesting saturation of triglyceride clearance. Thus, severe hypoalbuminemia in rats induces an atherosclerotic metabolic response that is aggravated by estrogen replacement. These findings suggest that estrogen replacement in hypoalbuminemic subjects could be contra-indicated.
Dacomitinib (D) Versus Erlotinib (E) in 2Nd/3Rd Line Nsclc: Outcome for Asian Patients from the Archer 1009 Global Phase 3 Trial
Authors: T. Mok, K.J. O'Byrne, S.S. Ramalingam, P.A. Janne, M. Boyer, J.S. Ahn, H. Zhang, J. O'Connell, I. Taylor, C. Mather, L. Paz-Ares
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)