tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Gene-Tweaking Animal Studies Seen as Advances for Restoring Hearing, Vision
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

UNRAVELING THE MYSTERY OF THE sense of smell won two researchers the Nobel Prize in 2004. Now, two other senses, sight and hearing, are taking center stage as researchers report advances they hope will point the way to new treatment strategies for patients with certain types of impaired vision and hearing. In mid-February, news that a team of US and Japanese researchers had restored hearing in deafened guinea pigs captured the headlines. Just 2 weeks later came reports that another group of scientists working with mice had successfully regrown the optic nerve—a key step toward restoring sight in individuals with glaucoma and injuries that destroy the optic nerve.
Risk of suicide in relation to income level in people admitted to hospital with mental illness: nested case-control study Commentary: Suicide and income---is the risk greater in rich people who develop serious mental illness?
Authors: E Agerbo
Journal: BMJ (2001)

People at higher risk of suicide, such as those who are socially and economically disadvantaged, are also at high risk of being admitted to hospital with a mental illness. 1 2 In some cases it seems that mental illness is a factor on the causal pathway between social position and suicide. 2 3 However, Mortensen and colleagues showed that the importance of socioeconomic variables as risk factors for suicide was reduced after adjustment was made for a history of mental illness. 3 We present findings on 811 cases of suicide and 80 787 matched control subjects in a population based study which aimed to gain further insight into the association between social position and mental disorder. Subjects, methods, and resultsWe used the Danish medical registers on vital statistics to establish a random, 5%, population based sample of 811 people who had committed suicide between 1982 and 1994.Up to 1983, suicide was defined as ICD-8 codes E950-959; for 1994, ICD-10 codes X60-X84 were applied.Each person who had committed suicide was matched with approximately 100 people of the same sex and year of birth who were alive on the date of the suicide.Information on dates of hospital admission and discharge and details of diagnoses was drawn from the Danish psychiatric central register, which has monitored all psychiatric inpatient facilities since 1969.Socioeconomic data on case and control subjects from two years before the suicide were added from the longitudinal labour market register.Detailed description of the registers can be found in Mortensen et al. 3 The main variables included were annual gross income (wages, pensions, unemployment and social security benefits, and interest), grouped into fourths, and hospital admission status in relation to mental illness.
Post‐marketing surveillance study on the safety of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric patients
Authors: V. Di Rienzo, A. Pagani, S. Parmiani, G. Passalacqua, G.W. Canonica
Journal: Allergy (1999)

Background: Immunotherapy (IT) is the only causal treatment for allergic subjects recognized to be effective and to offer long‐lasting efficacy. The noninjective routes, aimed at improving the safety of the treatment, have been validated as effective in adults, but documentation of their safety in children is still poor. The aim of the present survey study was to assess the safety of sublingual immunotherapy in pediatric patients, by evaluating a large population. Methods: A total of 268 children (aged 2–15 years), receiving sublingual IT for respiratory allergy, were followed‐up over a period ranging from 3 months to 7 years (mean 34 months). The side‐effects possibly due to the treatment were recorded on a proper diary card; self‐assessment of the clinical outcome was also evaluated. Results: About 96000 doses of extract were globally administered. Local side‐effects were of no clinical relevance. Eight side‐effects were reported (3% of patients; 0.083 per 1000 doses). Seven systemic side‐effects (abdominal pain, conjunctival itching, and rhinitis) were mild and required no treatment. One case of urticaria was well controlled with oral antihistamines. No life‐threatening event occurred. The clinical outcome was judged excellent or good by 80% of the patients. Conclusions: The sublingual IT herein investigated appeared to be well tolerated and safe in pediatric patients. The risk/benefit ratio was therefore favorable.
Activity of telithromycin compared with seven other agents against 1039 Streptococcus pyogenes pediatric isolates from ten centers in central and eastern Europe
Authors: B. Bozdogan, P.C. Appelbaum, L.M. Kelly, D.B. Hoellman, A. Tambic-Andrasevic, L. Drukalska, W. Hryniewicz, H. Hupkova, M.R. Jacobs, J. Kolman, M. Konkoly-Thege, J. Miciuleviciene, M. Pana, L. Setchanova, J. Trupl, P. Urbaskova
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2003)
Abstract 1695: The Cholesterol Efflux Capacity of Serum Predicts Carotid Intimal-Medial Thickness Independently of HDL-C and Apo A-I Levels
Authors: Marina Cuchel, Margarita de la Llera-Moya, Julie A Phillips, Megan L Wolfe, George H Rothblat, Daniel J Rader
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Plasma levels of HDL-C and apo A-I are inversely correlated to coronary heart disease. However, recent studies raise the possibility that HDL functionality, possibly independent of HDL-...
LONG-TERM NEBULISED GENTAMICIN IN NON-CYSTIC FIBROSIS BRONCHIECTASIS IMPROVES MICROBIAL LOAD, EXERCISE TOLERANCE, EXACERBATION FREQUENCY AND HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: M. P. Murray, J. R. W. Govan, C. J. Doherty, A. P. Greening, R. D. Gray, John Simpson, C. Haslett, T. S. Wilkinson, J. D. Chalmers, A. T. Hill
Journal: Thorax (2009)
Abstract P237: Improved Cardio-metabolic Risk Profile through Targeted Life Style Modification Program
Authors: Sankalp Das, Maribeth Rouseff, Thinh H Tran, Khurram Nasir, Josette Bou-Khalil, Joseph Mora, Henry Guzman, Doris Brown, Joann Santiago-Charles, Teresa C Ochoa, Cynthia Gilliam, Virginia Lehn, Beatriz Castillo, Ehimen Aneni, Lara Roberson, Emir Veledar, Ebenezer Oni, Janisse Post
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Workplace wellness programs are part of the American Heart Association’s (AHA) strategy at improving cardiovascular health. Data suggest that most cost and risk borne by employers is with metabolic syndrome (MS). The current study aimed to ascertain the primary to short-term (12 weeks) efficacy of a lifestyle intervention improvement program (My Unlimited Potential (myUP), among employees of a health care system in improving metabolic status as well as associated degree of vascular inflammation as measured by high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Methods: The MyUP enrolled high risk individuals with at least 2 of the following cardio-metabolic risk factors, total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5%, and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30. Improvement in cardio-metabolic risk was assessed by the change in number of metabolic risk components and C-reactive protein (CRP) from baseline to 12 week follow-up. Results: Overall 203 (48±10 years, 78% females) employees were enrolled. The retention of subjects was high with 89% (n=181) of subjects following up at 12 weeks. There were significant changes in the distribution of the number of components of the metabolic syndrome from baseline to 12 weeks follow up, see figure 1. Overall only 25% met criteria for MS at 12 week as compared to 48% at baseline. There were changes in the overall median hsCRP at 12 weeks follow-up compared to baseline, 3.6(1.8-7.9) vs. 4.4(2.0-8.4). We also noticed improvement in median hs-CRP levels across the categories of improving metabolic risk factors. Among individuals who had improvement in 1-2 MS risk factors, the median hsCRP at follow-up compared to baseline was 4.6(2.2-8.8) vs. 5.2(2.7-8.9) p=0.6090 and those with improvements in &gt;2 MS components it was 3.3(2.5-5.3) vs. 5.0(3.5-7.14) p=0.1614. Conclusion: Measurable cardio-metabolic risk reduction was achieved, benefiting participant of a targeted Life style modification intervention program.
Effects of drug overdose in television drama on presentations for self poisoning
Authors: M. J Veysey, R. Kamanyire, G. N Volans, J. Pell, R. Murdoch, S. J C Davies, M. Atherton, T. Williams, J. Purkis, G. Combe, A. J Brindley, G. McCarthy, R. Denny, J. J Deeks, K. Hawton, S. Simkin
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Effects of drug overdose in television drama on presentations for self poisoning Antifreeze poisonings give more insight into copycat behaviourEditor-Hawton et al highlight the effect of the media on influencing the incidence of deliberate self poisoning. 1However, they and other authors suggest that the changes noted are the result of spontaneous variation in the patterns of particular overdoses rather than a direct effect of the specific televised incident. 2 3One of the limitations of previous studies has been that the investigators have monitored the total numbers of deliberate self poisoning and, specifically, paracetamol overdoses, which are comparatively common.A clearer picture emerges for agents used less commonly for deliberate self harm, such as antifreeze, which commonly contains ethylene glycol or methanol.The figure shows the numbers of intentional and accidental cases of poisoning by ethylene glycol reported to the National Poisons Information Service (London) during two specific months and, for comparison, from January 1996 to January 1997.In April 1995 the Independent reported an inquest into an antifreeze poisoning, 4 which subsequently received further media coverage.On 15 February 1997 an episode of the BBC television drama Casualty depicted an incident of self harm with ingestion of antifreeze.The mean number of intentional antifreeze poisonings for 1996 was 2.0 per month (range 1-3 per month).Moreover, the mean number of cases reported during 1995 and 1997, excluding the incident months, was 1.9 and 1.8 respectively.For April 1995 and February 1997 the number of reported cases was 9 and 6-a significant increase (P = 0.016).Interestingly, all the cases of intentional ingestion of antifreeze during April 1995 and February 1997 occurred after the announcements in the media.Furthermore, in one specific case not only the agent but also the manner in which the antifreeze was taken (mixed with lemonade and drunk in a field) was identical with that reported.These data further support the concept that media portrayal of self poisoning influences subsequent self harm behaviour.
Abstract P208: Comparison of Hypertension and Treatment Prevalence Across Geographic Regions in Three National Surveys
Authors: Angela M Thompson-Paul, Jason L Baumgardner, Cathleen Gillespie, Jing Fang, Fleetwood Loustalot
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Geographic disparities have been reported in prevalence, awareness, and treatment of hypertension. Several community-based national surveillance systems assess hypertension allowing for comparison of estimates. The objectives of this study were to compare hypertension estimates across surveys and to examine geographic differences in the findings. Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 2008, and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey (BRFSS) 2009, we calculated prevalence estimates of measured hypertension (an average systolic BP ≥140 mm Hg or an average diastolic BP ≥90 mm Hg or self-reported current use of BP-lowering medication), self-reported hypertension (having ever been told that one has hypertension), and treatment, nationally and regionally. Results: Nationally, 30.5% of adults have hypertension with higher prevalence in the Midwest (33.0%) and South (32.6%) and lower prevalence in the West (26.0%) and Northeast (28.0%) (NHANES). In all surveys, self-reported hypertension was highest in the South (range: 31.1% [NHIS] - 32.8% [NHANES],) and lowest in the West (range: 23.6% [NHIS] - 27.0% [BRFSS]). In all surveys and all regions, more than two-thirds of participants who were aware of their high blood pressure reported receiving treatment. Treatment prevalence was lowest in the West (range: 69.7% [NHIS] - 74.5% [BRFSS]), highest in the South in NHIS (77.5%) and BRFSS (81.4%), and highest in the Northeast in NHANES (78.3%). Conclusions: Similar estimates showing regional differences in measured and self-reported hypertension and treatment were found across all three national surveys. In addition, low treatment has been identified in regions with low prevalence. As recognized in many national initiatives (e.g., Million Hearts), improving hypertension treatment and control requires multi-level interventions across community and clinical settings.
应用地高辛特异性抗体片断（Digibind）治疗地高辛中毒
Authors: Dorothy, Ip, Hafiz, Syed, Maurice, Cohen, 徐宝华, 刘靖
Journal: BMJ (2009)

应用地高辛特异性抗体后地高辛浓度可以出现假性升高。地高辛中毒的患者应当监测地高辛浓度。地高辛特异性抗体片断（Digibind）可以用于治疗地高辛中毒，但是可能会令地高辛浓度出现假性升高。继续应用地高辛特异性抗体片断应该根据患者的中毒症状，而不是地高辛浓度。
Pharmacological Treatment of Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit—Reply
Authors: E. Wesley Ely, Robert S. Dittus
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nosocomial urinary tract infections: many unresolved questions
Authors: P. Gastmeier
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2001)

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are the most common nosocomial infections in both acute-care hospitals and long-term-care facilities. Results of various European national prevalence studies show that they account for 23–49% of all nosocomial infections [1]. The costs of prevention, detection and treatment of UTIs significantly affect a country's health-care budget so that even a small decrease in the UTI rate would have important economic implications.
Abstract 3683: Gender Difference in the Impact of Fasting Serum Glucose Level on Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: Korea Medical Insurance Corporation Study
Authors: Song Vogue Ahn, Hyeon Chang Kim, Chung Mo Nam, Hyun Chul Lee, Il Suh
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objective: Diabetic women have a greater relative risk of coronary heart disease than diabetic men. However, gender difference in the impact of blood glucose levels below diabetic range on risk of coronary heart disease is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the association between nondiabetic blood glucose levels and the incident risk of coronary heart disease is different in men and women. Methods: We measured fasting serum glucose levels and other cardiovascular risk factors in 172,580 Koreans (108,461 men and 64,119 women), aged 35–59 years in 1990 and 1992. Our primary outcomes were hospital admissions and deaths from coronary heart disease in 11 year follow-up from 1993 to 2003. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios for coronary heart disease according to the baseline fasting serum glucose levels, after adjustment for age, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol level, and cigarette smoking. Results: During the 11 years, 3,769 coronary heart disease events occurred. Risk of coronary heart disease in men was significantly increased at fasting serum glucose levels of diabetic range (≥ 126 mg/dL), although risk of coronary heart disease in women was significantly increased from impaired fasting glucose levels ≥ 110 mg/dL. In fasting serum glucose levels ≥ 110 mg/dL, the hazard ratios for coronary heart disease incidence were higher in women than in men compared with women and men with fasting glucose levels &lt;80mg/dL, respectively. There was no association between impaired fasting glucose from 100 to 109 mg/dL and risk of coronary heart disease neither in men nor in women. Conclusions: The stronger impact of fasting serum glucose levels on relative risk of coronary heart disease in women compared with in men was significant from impaired fasting glucose levels ≥ 110 mg/dL. Adjusted Hazard Ratios (HRs) for Coronary Heart Disease by Fasting Serum Glucose Levels
Abstract 4286: Improved FFPE DNA extraction for next generation sequencing using adaptive focused acoustics technology
Authors: Ling Lin, Mikenah Vega, Robert T. Jones, Liuda Ziaugra, Deniz N. Dolcen, Ashwini Sunkavalli, Laura Schubert, Jack R. Lepine, Aaron R. Thorner, Matthew D. Ducar, William C. Hahn, Matthew L. Meyerson, Laura E. MacConaill, Paul Van Hummelen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Formalin fixation followed by paraffin embedding (FFPE) is the most widely used method of tissue preservation and often used in the clinical setting for cancer specimens. However, this process of fixation has negative consequences on the quality of extracted DNA, and inevitably adversely affects downstream analyses such as next generation sequencing (NGS). DNA extraction from FFPE samples requires paraffin disassociation, tissue rehydration and de-crosslinking. Low efficiency in any step will yield low quantities of nucleic acids with incomplete reversal of formaldehyde crosslinks, and mixtures of single and double stranded DNA. In addition, low quality nucleic acids will often result in poor sequencing quality due to inefficient library preparation, lower number of reads with high quality, and variable recovery of sequence reads with high GC-content. Here we describe the use of Adaptive Focused Acoustics technology (Covaris Inc. 2013) to remove paraffin and break down tissue, and we compared this method to traditional xylene-based paraffin removal. We found that Covaris had superior performance overall: (1) DNA yields were 6 times higher, and less specimens failed extraction: this is critically important when dealing with small tumor biopsies. (2) DNA was more readily available for PCR amplification. (3) Mean coverage of DNA fragments with high GC content was higher and more reproducible. (4) Library complexity was higher. In addition, the Covaris protocol required less hands-on time in the lab, and eliminated the need for hazardous organic solvents for paraffin removal. In conclusion, the Covaris FFPE DNA extraction method is very efficient, enhances DNA availability, improves reproducibility and provides higher DNA quality for NGS. Citation Format: Ling Lin, Mikenah Vega, Robert T. Jones, Liuda Ziaugra, Deniz N. Dolcen, Ashwini Sunkavalli, Laura Schubert, Jack R. Lepine, Aaron R. Thorner, Matthew D. Ducar, William C. Hahn, Matthew L. Meyerson, Laura E. MacConaill, Paul Van Hummelen. Improved FFPE DNA extraction for next generation sequencing using adaptive focused acoustics technology. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4286. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4286
Fertility issues in cancer survivorship
Authors: Jonathan D. Kort, Michael L. Eisenberg, Leah S. Millheiser, Lynn M. Westphal
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2013)

Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Breakthroughs in cancer diagnosis and treatment have led to dramatic improvements in survival and the need to focus on survivorship issues. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy can be gonadotoxic, resulting in impaired fertility. Techniques to help cancer survivors reproduce have been improving over the past decade. Discussion of the changes to a patient's reproductive health after cancer treatment is essential to providing comprehensive quality care. The purpose of this review is to aid in pre‐ and posttreatment counseling, focusing on fertility preservation and other strategies that may mitigate risks to the patient's reproductive, sexual, and overall health. CA Cancer J Clin 2014;64:118–134. © 2013 American Cancer Society .
Abstract 19495: Cardioprotective Effect of AMP Deaminase Inhibition in Oxygen Deprivation
Authors: Ryszard T Smolenski, Tomasz Borkowski, Lukasz Lewicki, Samha Al-Ayoubi, Ewa M Slominska, Romuald Lango, Anne Taegtmeyer, Paul J Barton, Janusz Siebert, Jan Rogowski
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Studies on the effect of genetic polymorphisms known to affect AMP deaminase (AMPD) activity on progress of heart disease are conflicting: some highlights benefit of decreased AMPD activity in hear...
1014. Helper-Dependent Adenovirus Vectors Elicit Intact Innate but Attenuated Adaptive Host Immune Responses In Vivo
Authors: Daniel A. Muruve, Matthew J. Cotter, Anne K. Zaiss, Lindsay R. White, Trevor Chan, Sharon A. Clark, Joel Ross, Robert A. Meulenbroek, Gunhild M. Maelandsmo, Robin J. Parks
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Helper-dependent adenovirus vectors (HD-Ad) deleted all of adenoviral genes mediate very long-term expression of therapeutic transgenes in a variety of animal models of disease. These vectors are associated with reduced toxicity and improved safety relative to traditional early region 1-deleted first-generation Ad (FG-Ad) vectors. Many studies have clearly demonstrated that FG-Ad induce innate and adaptive immune responses in vivo, however, a comprehensive analysis of host immune responses to HD-Ad has not yet been performed. In DBA/2 mice, intravenous injection of HD-Ad encoding LacZ (HD-AdLacZ) or murine secreted alkaline phosphatase (HD-AdSEAP) induced an early expression of inflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes in the liver, including IP-10, MIP-2 and TNF-α, and were expressed in a pattern similar to that induced by a FG-Ad encoding murine secreted alkaline phosphatase (AdSEAP). Like AdSEAP, and consistent with the pattern of cellular gene expression, HD-AdLacZ and HD-AdSEAP induced the recruitment of CD11b positive leukocytes to the transduced liver within hours of administration. AdSEAP also induced a second phase of liver inflammation, consisting of inflammatory gene expression and CD3 positive lymphocytic infiltrates 7 days post-transduction. In contrast, beyond 24 hours no infiltrates or expression of inflammatory genes were detected in the livers of mice receiving HD-AdSEAP, even when increasing titers were administered. Despite the lack of liver inflammation at 7 days, Ad-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes could be detected in mice receiving HD-AdSEAP. This lack of liver inflammation was not due to reduced transduction since transgene expression and the amount of vector DNA in the liver were equivalent in mice receiving HD-AdSEAP and AdSEAP. These results demonstrate that HD-Ad induce intact innate but attenuated adaptive immune responses in vivo.