tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Osler Memorandum
Authors: Walter S. Atkinson
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The excellent portrait of Sir William Osler on the cover of the "Commemorative Issue" ofThe Journal, Dec 22, 1969, and the fine tributes and reminiscences of Sir William fanned the flickering inspirational flame that he ignited for me in 1918. He was then Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford, an officer in the Canadian Army Medical Corps, and a consultant to the Duchess of Connaught Red Cross Hospital at Cliveden, the estate of Viscount Waldorf Astor. As ophthalmologist at the hospital, I joined his ward rounds whenever possible. His amazing power of observation and delightful friendly personality attracted a large group for the rounds. His quiet, reserved comments and discussions were most interesting and stimulating. His occasional answer, "I don't know," to a question was unusual and surprising. On one occasion as Osler, surrounded by medical officers, was passing through a ward, his sharp eyes spotted
My Battle Against Gonorrhea
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

On Being a Doctor2 August 2011My Battle Against GonorrheaJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDFrom Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8335.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-3-201108020-00012 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The familiar white urinals, puce-colored walls, and the queasy odor of disinfectant in M207—the men's room on the mezzanine floor of the University of Pittsburgh's medical school. I remember standing in a ragged line of seven young men across from the toilet stalls, pants stripped to my ankles. This was the moment, the crux of the clinical trial, the procedure that had seemed so trivial a few weeks earlier when I had agreed to participate.Two men wearing long lab coats busied themselves arranging a sequence of labeled catheters on a metal cart near the sinks. The short one looked ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8335.Corresponding Author: Jack Coulehan, MD, Center for Medical Humanities, Compassionate Care, and Bioethics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8335; e-mail: [email protected]cc.sunysb.edu. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPersonal knowledge and study participation 2 August 2011Volume 155, Issue 3Page: 198-200KeywordsAntibody productionArmed forcesClinical trialsEmotionsGonorrheaNeisseriaPathogensResearch laboratoriesSleepVaccines ePublished: 2 August 2011 Issue Published: 2 August 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Joint Effects of Germ-Line p53 Mutation and Sex on Cancer Risk in Li-Fraumeni Syndrome
Authors: Chih-Chieh Wu, Sanjay Shete, Christopher I. Amos, Louise C. Strong
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Germ-line p53 mutations have been identified in most families with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS). For germ-line p53 mutation carriers, there is considerable variability with respect to age of cancer onset and tumor type, suggesting that additional genetic effects influence the clinical severity and tumor spectrum. To identify factors that might contribute to the observed heterogeneity in time to onset, we used segregation analysis to analyze the joint effects of germ-line p53 mutations and risk modifier(s) on cancer incidence. We studied 159 kindreds, ascertained through probands who had been diagnosed with childhood soft-tissue sarcoma before 16 years of age, survived &amp;gt;3 years after diagnosis, and treated at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) from 1944 to 1975. This unique cohort has been followed systematically for &amp;gt;20 years and has had germ-line p53 mutation testing in probands and extended family members. The analyses revealed that germ-line p53 mutations and sex had significant effects on cancer risk: men with p53 mutations had 151-fold higher odds of developing cancer than did those without mutations [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 60-380], and women with p53 mutations had 1,075-fold higher odds than did those without mutations (95% CI, 358-3,229) and 7.1-fold higher odds of having cancer than did men with mutations (95% CI, 2.5-20.3). These findings provide quantitative cancer risk assessments for LFS families. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(16): 8287-92)
Inhibition of leukemia cell engraftment and disease progression in mice by osteoblasts
Authors: Maria Krevvata, Barbara C. Silva, John S. Manavalan, Marta Galan-Diez, Aruna Kode, Brya Grace Matthews, David Park, Chiyuan A. Zhang, Naomi Galili, Thomas L. Nickolas, David W. Dempster, William Dougall, Julie Teruya-Feldstein, Aris N. Economides, Ivo Kalajzic, Azra Raza, Ellin Berman, Siddhartha Mukherjee, Govind Bhagat, Stavroula Kousteni
Journal: Blood (2014)
Dystrophin expression in the human retina is required for normal function as defined by electroretinography
Authors: De-Ann M. Pillers, Dennis E. Bulman, Richard G. Weleber, Dayle A. Sigesmund, Maria A. Musarella, Berkley R. Powell, William H. Murphey, Carol Westall, Carole Panton, Laurence E. Becker, Ronald G. Worton, Peter N. Ray
Journal: Nature Genetics (1993)
Outlining the Stomach.
Authors: A. L. Benedict
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Buffalo, June16, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The method of outlining the stomach proposed in your issue of June 14 by Dr. Wilhelm Becker may be still further simplified. The location of the stomach in a general way, by auscultation of some noise made within it, either by blowing air through a tube, producing bubbles by introducing air from beneath the surface of water, employing a whistle, bell, electric buzzer, etc., has been practiced for years. Dr. Becker's device depends upon the general principle of visceral transonance, better known under its common subdivision of auscultatory percussion. I have occasionally been able to map out the stomach by the vibrations set up by the heart beating against the distended stomach and have sometimes taken the trouble to do so during the use of my endogastric spray, which is, for present purposes, practically identical with Dr. Becker's method. The only objection to
Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Robert S. Galen
Journal: JAMA (1975)

Total serum enzyme activity for creatine phosphokinase (CPK), alphahydroxybutyric dehydrogenase (HBDH), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), as well as the isoenzymes of CPK and LDH, were measured on admission and for ten subsequent days in 100 patients admitted consecutively to a coronary care unit. On discharge, patients were classified by a cardiologist as either having or not having suffered an acute myocardial infarction (MI) on the basis of clinical and electrocardiographic criteria—without knowledge of the enzyme studies. The combined use of CPK and LDH isoenzyme levels provided the greatest laboratory discrimination between the two clinical groups (MI vs non-MI). The routine use of HBDH and SGOT levels can be abandoned in the setting of a coronary care unit if CPK and LDH isoenzyme assays are available. (<i>JAMA</i>232:145-147, 1975)
Interstitial laser photocoagulation for treating bleeding gastric cancer.
Authors: H. Barr, N. Krasner
Journal: BMJ (1989)

3 observations de tumeurs gastriques non operables n'ayant pas repondu au traitement laser standard. Traitement par une nouvelle technique de photocoagulation par laser interstitiel a faible puissance. Une seconde intervention une semaine plus tard montre dans les 3 cas une reduction du volume de la tumeur et les besoins en transfusions sanguines sont diminues. Pas de recidives jusqu'a la mort
Treatment With Amiodarone to Prevent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Pasquale Santangeli, Antonio Dello Russo, Fulvio Bellocci
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
NITROUS OXID AS AN ANESTHETIC IN MAJOR SURGERY.CHAIRMAN'S ADDRESS BEFORE THE SECTION ON SURGERY AND ANATOMY AT THE FIFTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, JUNE, 1907.
Authors: ARTHUR DEAN BEVAN
Journal: JAMA (1907)

It is interesting to recall that the three anesthetics most generally employed were introduced within three years of each other. Horace Wells introduced nitrous oxid gas in 1844; Morton, ether in 1846, and Simpson, chloroform in 1847. It is interesting to follow the histories of these three agents. Chloroform, the last discovered, the most powerful, the most dangerous of the three, soon became the favorite anesthetic and possibly remains so to-day with the majority of surgeons the world over. Ether, however, has always been the favorite of American surgeons, and with the more careful studies of anesthetic statistics showing its greater safety as compared to chloroform it is rapidly gaining a foothold in Great Britain and on the continent. Nitrous oxid gas, the safest of the three, has until recently been left to the dentist and for minor operations, although years ago the feasibility of employing it for prolonged anesthesia
Anorexia Nervosa and Sudden Death
Authors: JEFFREY M. ISNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Necropsy findings and electrocardiograms from three women with anorexia nervosa were reviewed. Necropsy examination failed to establish an anatomic cause of death. Electrocardiograms recorded 7 days or less before death showed various degrees of Q-T interval prolongation: Q-T invervals corrected for heart rate measured 0.61 s, 0.47 s, and 0.46 s, respectively. Terminal ventricular tachyarrhythmias were documented in two patients, including torsade de pointes in one. The necropsy and clinical findings in these three cases provide evidence that sudden death in anorexia nervosa, like sudden death in liquid-protein dieting, may result from ventricular tachyarrhythmias related to Q-T interval prolongation. For such patients, electrocardiographic monitoring should be routine.
Hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic potentials of Hoechstlow/side population cells isolated from adult rat kidney
Authors: Hirotsugu Iwatani, Takahito Ito, Enyu Imai, Yumi Matsuzaki, Akira Suzuki, Masaya Yamato, Masaru Okabe, Masatsugu Hori
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
TWO-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY OF PROTEIN-BOUND IODINE ELEVATION IN PATIENTS RECEIVING PERPHENAZINE
Authors: E. H. CRANSWICK, T. B. COOPER, G. M. SIMPSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1965)

The previous reported finding of elevated PBI in patients receiving perphenazine has been once more confirmed. A marked difference in the finding between pre- and post-1962 has been found. Trace amounts of iodine in perphenazine have been demonstrated and this finding has been discussed. The persistance of this finding up to several years after the initial ingestion of perphenazine has been noted. A tentative hypothesis to explain this phenomenon is given.
Detection of Thyroid Metastases From Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma With F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Saabry Osmany, Ajit Kumar Padhy, David Chee-Eng Ng
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Clinically metastases to the thyroid are rare with an autopsy series incidence ranging from 1.25% to as high as 24% in widespread malignancy. Although detection of metastasis to the thyroid gland often indicates poor prognosis, aggressive surgical and medical therapy may be effective in a small percentage of patients. In this article we describe F-18 FDG PET/CT images of metastases to the thyroid in a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Because anaplastic NPC metastases to the thyroid are rare, it is important to make a correct diagnosis, so that appropriate treatment may be chosen.
Sequence convergence in the peptide-binding region of primate and rodent MHC class Ib molecules
Authors: M. Yeager, S. Kumar, A. L. Hughes
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1997)

In addition to the universally expressed and highly polymorphic class Ia genes, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) of placental mammals includes class Ib genes that are characterized by restricted expression and low levels of sequence polymorphism. The functional importance of class Ib genes as well as their actual function has long been controversial. Phylogenetic analyses have suggested that there are no orthologous relationships among class Ib loci of mammals belonging to different orders, suggesting that these loci have evolved independently since the placental mammals diverged. Here, we present evidence of convergent evolution at the molecular sequence level in the putative peptide-binding regions (PBRs) of human and mouse class Ib genes. So far, there are few if any convincing examples of convergent evolution at the amino acid sequence level, and such evolution is believed to be likely to occur only as a result of strong positive selection. Because the present case involves the functionally important PBR and because the primate and rodent molecules are known to bind similar peptides, this study represents both a convincing case of molecular-level convergence and evidence that MHC class Ib molecules, although not orthologous, may evolve similar functions convergently.
HbA1c and Peripheral Arterial Disease in Diabetes
Authors: Elizabeth Selvin, Keattiyoat Wattanakit, Michael W. Steffes, Josef Coresh, A. Richey Sharrett
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

OBJECTIVE—To assess the relation between HbA1c (A1C) and incident peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in a community-based cohort of diabetic adults from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. A second aim was to investigate whether the association was stronger for severe, symptomatic disease compared with PAD assessed by low ankle-brachial index (ABI). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This was a prospective cohort study of 1,894 individuals with diabetes using ARIC visit 2 as baseline (1990–1992) with follow-up for incident PAD through 2002. We assessed the relation between A1C and incident PAD, defined by intermittent claudication, PAD-related hospitalization, or a low ABI (&amp;lt;0.9). RESULTS—During a mean follow-up of 9.8 years, the crude incidence rates were 2.1 per 1,000 person-years for intermittent claudication (n = 41), 2.9 per 1,000 person-years for PAD-related hospitalization (n = 57), and 18.9 per 1,000 person-years for low ABI at visit 3 or 4 (n = 123). The relative risk (RR) (95% CI) of an incident PAD event comparing the second and third tertiles of A1C to the first, respectively, after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors was strongest for severe, symptomatic forms of disease, e.g., PAD-related hospitalization (RR = 4.56 [1.86–11.18] for the third A1C tertile compared with the first, P trend &amp;lt;0.001) than for low ABI (RR = 1.64 [0.94–2.87], P trend = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS—We found a positive, graded, and independent association between A1C and PAD risk in diabetic adults. This association was stronger for clinical (symptomatic) PAD, whose manifestations may be related to microvascular insufficiency, than for low ABI. Our results suggest that efforts to improve glycemic control in persons with diabetes may substantially reduce the risk of PAD.
Tuberculosis of Calcaneus: Assessing Treatment Response by Tc-99m MDP Scintigraphy
Authors: Vivek Trikha, Vikas Gupta, Shishir Rastogi, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

Tuberculosis of the calcaneus is a rare entity. Its incidence is reported to be nearly 1% to 2% of all cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis. Because of the low index of suspicion, it is usually diagnosed late. It occurs mostly as a result of hematogenous spread from a primary focus elsewhere in the body. We present a case of a swelling and discharging sinus of the heel in a young adult male. On histopathology, the lesion was diagnosed to be tuberculous in origin. After a standard regimen of multidrug antitubercular treatment, the discharging sinus healed with no further complaints. Scintigraphic imaging of the calcaneal lesion, both pre- and postantitubercular treatment, is presented.
Transfection of CD14 into 70Z/3 cells dramatically enhances the sensitivity to complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein.
Authors: J D Lee, K Kato, P S Tobias, T N Kirkland, R J Ulevitch
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide [LPS]) causes fatal shock in humans and experimental animals. The shock is mediated by cytokines released by direct LPS stimulation of cells of monocytic origin (monocyte/macrophage [MO]). Recent studies have supported the concept that the plasma protein, LPS binding protein (LBP), plays an important role in controlling MO responses to LPS. Specifically, evidence has been presented to suggest that CD14, a membrane protein present in MO, serves as a receptor for complexes of LPS and the plasma protein LPS binding protein (LBP). In this function CD14 mediates attachment of LPS-bearing particles opsonized with LBP and appears to play an important role in regulating cytokine production induced by complexes of LPS and LBP. The CD14-, murine pre-B cell line 70Z/3 responds to LPS by synthesis of kappa light chains and consequent expression of surface IgM. To better understand the role of CD14 in controlling cellular responses to LPS, we investigated the effect of transfection of CD14 into 70Z/3 cells on LPS responsiveness. We report here that transfection of human or rabbit CD14 cDNA into 70Z/3 cells results in membrane expression of a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored CD14. When LPS is complexed with LBP, CD14-bearing 70Z/3 cells bind more LPS than do the parental or 70Z/3 cells transfected with vector only. Remarkably, the expression of CD14 lowers the amount of LPS required to stimulate surface IgM expression by up to 10,000-fold when LPS dose-response curves in the CD14-, parental and CD14-bearing, transfected 70Z/3 cells are compared. In contrast, the response of CD14-bearing 70Z/3 cells and the parental 70Z/3 cell line (CD14-) to interferon gamma is indistinguishable. LPS stimulation of the parental and CD14-bearing 70Z/3 cells results in activation of NF-kB. These data provide evidence to support the concept that the LPS receptor in cells that constitutively express CD14 may be a multiprotein complex containing CD14 and membrane protein(s) common to a diverse group of LPS-responsive cells.
Stratum corneum lipids in disorders of cornification. Steroid sulfatase and cholesterol sulfate in normal desquamation and the pathogenesis of recessive X-linked ichthyosis.
Authors: P M Elias, M L Williams, M E Maloney, J A Bonifas, B E Brown, S Grayson, E H Epstein
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The pathological scaling in recessive x-linked ichthyosis is associated with accumulation of abnormal quantities of cholesterol sulfate in stratum corneum (J. Clin. Invest. 68:1404-1410, 1981). To determine whether or not cholesterol sulfate accumulates in recessive x-linked ichthyosis as a direct result of the missing enzyme, steroid sulfatase, we quantitated both steroid sulfatase and its substrate, we quantitated both steroid sulfatase and its substrate, cholesterol sulfate, in different epidermal strata, as well as within stratum corneum subcellular fractions obtained from normal human and neonatal mouse epidermis and from patients with recessive x-linked ichthyosis. In normal human and mouse epidermis, steroid sulfatase activity peaked in the stratum granulosum and stratum corneum, and negligible activity was detectable in lower epidermal layers. In contrast, in recessive x-linked ichthyosis epidermis, enzyme levels were virtually undetectable at all levels. In normal human stratum corneum, up to 10 times more steroid sulfatase activity was present in purified peripheral membrane preparations than in the whole tissue. Whereas in normal human epidermis cholesterol sulfate levels were lowest in the basal/spinous layer, and highest in the stratum granulosum, in recessive x-linked ichthyosis the levels were only slightly higher in the lower epidermis, but continued to climb in the stratum corneum. In both normal and in recessive x-linked ichthyosis stratum corneum, cholesterol sulfate appeared primarily within membrane domains, paralleling the pattern of steroid sulfatase localization. Finally, the role of excess cholesterol sulfate in the pathogenesis of recessive x-linked ichthyosis was directly tested by topical applications of this substance, which produced visible scaling in hairless mice in parallel to an increased cholesterol sulfate content of the stratum corneum. These results demonstrate an intimate relationship between steroid sulfatase and cholesterol sulfate in normal epidermis: both are concentrated in the outer epidermis (stratum corneum and stratum granulosum), and both are localized to membrane domains. Presumably, as a result of this distribution pattern, continued enzymatic degradation of substrate occurs in normal epidermis, thereby preventing excessive accumulation of cholesterol sulfate. In contrast, in recessive x-linked ichthyosis, degradation of cholesterol sulfate does not occur and cholesterol sulfate accumulates specifically in the stratum corneum, where it produces visible scale.
Echocardiographic determination of stroke volume during rapid atrial pacing and volume loading in normal rats
Authors: T. Nakamura, A. Matsumuro, T. Kuribayashi, K. Matsubara, M. Shima, K. Shimoo, H. Katsume, M. Nakagawa
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1992)

Objective: The aim was to validate echocardiographic assessment of acute changes of left ventricular stroke volume in normal rats. Methods: By transthoracic use of a 7.5 MHz ultrasonic transducer, the left ventricular dimensions were determined before and during rapid atrial pacing and saline infusion in seven Wistar rats weighing 310-470 g. Left ventricular volume was calculated from short axis dimensions according to a cube function formula. Echo stroke volume (SVE) was then compared with that obtained simultaneously using a pulsed Doppler flow meter placed around the ascending aorta (SVF). Results: The SVE (ml) was decreased from 0.30(SD 0.12) to 0.13(0.06) by rapid pacing and increased from 0.27(0.12) to 0.63(0.16) by volume loading. Regression analysis showed high correlations between SVE and SVF during both pacing (r=0.84) and infusion (r=0.91) studies. Furthermore, correlations between SVE and SVF in individual animals were very close (r=0.87-0.99 in the pacing study and 0.92-0.99 in the volume study). Interobserver and intraobserver variances were small, with close correlations (r=0.96-0.99) and modest standard errors of the estimate (0.02-0.04 ml) between the two measurements. Conclusions: Echocardiography allows reliable in vivo measurement of cavity dimensions and assessment of acute alterations in stroke volume in normal rats.