tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of endoscopy nurse preassessment in the running of inpatient endoscopy list: how effective it is?
Authors: S. D. Jafri, N. Faulkner, K. Mason, D. Fraser, P. M. Neville
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> The procedure load of endoscopic procedures are ever increasing and proper management of the endoscopy unit with appropriate prioritisation is needed for smooth running of the service. Endoscopy team has noted on many occasion that inpatient procedures were cancelled at short notice or patient turned up for the procedure with incorrect and inadequate preparation, not being consented or procedure was found inappropriate. This study was aimed to look for efficacy of endoscopy nurse preassessment in smooth running of the list by addressing issues of inadequate bowel preparation, consent and appropriateness of the procedure thus reducing cancellations. <h3>Methods</h3> This project was conducted at Nevill Hall Hospital from November 2009 till March 2010 and was designed as PDSA (Plan;Do;See;Act) cycle. Two specific weekly inpatient lists (Wednesday and Friday) with two consultants were selected. For first 2 months, Friday list was preassessed and Wednesday list was left un-preassessed while for next 3 months, this was reversed. Each list acted as a control for the other. Experienced endoscopy nurse used to visit patients a day before the preassessed list to provide standard consent documentation, discuss preparation requirement (with patients, nursing and medical staff), ensure proper prescription of bowel preparation and to assess patient9s fitness for procedure and capacity for consent. Gastroenterology SPR was available to address any concerns regarding fitness for procedure and capacity to give consent. <h3>Results</h3> 100 cases were scheduled in preassessed lists of which 85 were performed while 15 were delayed (7/15 were cancelled due to deterioration in patient9s condition and 8 due to other reasons including withdrawal of consent, deranged coagulation and inability to take full bowel preparation). On un-preassessed list, 23/71 were delayed (32%) while 48 procedures were performed (68%). This was found to be statistically significant (p=0.0089, Fisher9s exact test). 14 patients were cancelled during preassessment and slots were allocated to other patients which helped in better utilisation of available resources, reduction of inpatient waiting list and length of hospital stay. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The authors concluded that preassessment by endoscopy nurse resulted in better organisation of list and utilisation of available resources. It was also cost-effective by reducing cancellations and impact on inpatient stay. It helped in better patient information and less anxiety resulting in more relaxed patient, well-tolerated procedure and reduction in sedation use. On basis of above results, the authors recommend preassessment of all endoscopy lists to help in meeting the increased demand on service by improved organisation.
The electrophysiologic effects of quinidine in the transplanted human heart.
Authors: J W Mason, R A Winkle, A K Rider, E B Stinson, D C Harrison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Using His bundle recording techniques, we examined direct and autonomically mediated conduction system effects of quinidine in five cardiac transplant recipients who have anatomically denervated hearts. We made control conduction interval and refractory period measurements, and then infused 10 mg/kg quinidine gluconate over a 20-min period. At 30 min, we determined the electrophysiologic changes induced by quinidine. Quinidine significantly increased the atrial-His (AH) interval (from 97+/-9 [SEM] to 108+/-7 ms, P less than 0.001), the His-ventricular (HV) inteval (from 43.9 +/- 1 to 52.8 +/- 3 ms, P less than 0.01), the donor heart sinus cycle length (from 599 +/- 38 to 630 +/- 56 ms, P less than 0.08), and the atrial effective refractory period (from 214 +/- 14 to 241 +/- 11 ms, P less than 0.01). Quinidine significantly decreased the innervated, remnant atrial sinus cycle length (from 847 +/- 104 to 660 +/- 96 ms, P less than 0.01) and the blood pressure. The mean plasma concentration of quinidine at the time that electrophysiologic measurements were repeated was 4.37 +/- 0.449 micrograms/ml. We conclude that quinidine's predominant sinus nodal and atrioventricular nodal effects in man are autonomically mediated and opposite to its direct actions upon these structures. On the other hand, quinidine's prevailing effect on atrial refractoriness and His-Purkinje conduction in man is direct.
The changing face of treatment for hiatus hernia and gastro-oesophageal reflux
Authors: D I WATSON, P G DEVITT, G G JAMIESON
Journal: Gut (1999)

Emergency clinicians worldwide are demonstrating increasing concern about the effect of climate change on the health of the populations they serve. The movement for sustainable healthcare is being driven by the need to address the climate emergency. Globally, healthcare contributes significantly to carbon emissions, and the healthcare sector has an important role to play in contributing to decarbonisation of the global economy. In this article, we consider the implications for emergency medicine of climate change, and suggest ways to improve environmental sustainability within emergency departments. We identify examples of sustainable clinical practice, as well as outlining research proposals to address the knowledge gap that currently exists in the area of provision of environmentally sustainable emergency care.
651 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FEATURES OF CIRRHOTIC CARDIOMYOPATHY AND ADRENAL DYSFUNCTION IN CIRRHOSIS
Authors: E. Theocharidou, D. Knight, G. Fede, E. Tsochatzis, G. Germani, M.L. Rodriguez, A. Dhar, V. Papastergiou, A.K. Burroughs
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Examining the Examinations for Licensure and Certification in Medicine
Authors: John J. Norcini
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In this issue ofThe Journal, Dawson and colleagues<sup>1</sup>report results of a study of the performance of men and women of various racial and ethnic backgrounds on the National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) Part I examination. Differences among all groups were largely explained by education and performance before medical school. However, these factors did not account fully for the NBME Part I performance of women and Asian/Pacific Islander men. If confirmed by further research, the findings imply that the examination either unintentionally assessed aspects of performance unrelated to biomedical science or women and Asian/Pacific Islander men were deficient in the content tested. See also p 674. Dawson et al are appropriately cautious in interpreting their results. Despite attempts to control for differences in standardized test performance by using scores on the Medical College Admission Test as well as undergraduate major, science and nonscience hours, grade point averages,
Vaccination of Colorectal Cancer Patients with Modified Vaccinia Ankara Encoding the Tumor Antigen 5T4 (TroVax) Given Alongside Chemotherapy Induces Potent Immune Responses
Authors: Richard Harrop, Noel Drury, William Shingler, Priscilla Chikoti, Irina Redchenko, Miles W. Carroll, Susan M. Kingsman, Stuart Naylor, Alan Melcher, Joanna Nicholls, Harpreet Wassan, Nagy Habib, Alan Anthoney
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Purpose: The attenuated strain of vaccinia virus, modified vaccinia Ankara (MVA) encoding the tumor antigen 5T4 (TroVax), has been evaluated in an open-label phase II study in metastatic colorectal cancer patients. The primary objective was to assess the safety and immunogenicity of TroVax injected before, during, and after treatment with cycles of 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, and oxaliplatin. Experimental Design: TroVax was administered to 17 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. In total, 11 patients were considered to be evaluable for assessment of immunologic responses having received a total of six injections of TroVax, administered before, during, and following completion of chemotherapy. Antibody and cellular responses specific for 5T4 and MVA were monitored throughout the study. Results: Administration of TroVax alongside 5-fluorouracil, folinic acid, and oxaliplatin was safe and well tolerated with no serious adverse events attributed to TroVax. Ten of the 11 evaluable patients mounted 5T4-specific antibody responses with titers ranging from 10 to &amp;gt;1,000. IFNγ enzyme-linked immunospot responses specific for 5T4 were detected in 10 patients with precursor frequencies exceeding 1 in 1,000 peripheral blood mononuclear cells in 4 patients. Of the 11 evaluable patients, 6 had complete or partial responses. 5T4-specific immune responses, but not MVA-specific immune responses, correlated with clinical benefit. Conclusions: Potent 5T4-specific cellular and/or antibody responses were induced in all evaluable patients and were still detectable during the period in which chemotherapy was administered. These results suggest that TroVax can be added to chemotherapy regimens without any evidence of enhanced toxicity or reduced immunologic efficacy and may provide additional clinical benefit.
Scintigraphic Pitfall in a Patient with Steatopygia
Authors: RONALD L. EMBRY, CALVIN B. DELAPLAIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

A 37-year-old female with coccyx pain was imaged with planar and SPECT bone scintigraphy. Decreased uptake was noted at L4 and L5. MRI was also performed as part of further patient evaluation. A “shelf” of paragluteal adipose tissue (steatopygia) was incidentally noted as the cause of the apparent decreased uptake on bone imaging
Bone marrow angiogenesis magnetic resonance imaging in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: peak enhancement ratio is an independent predictor for overall survival
Authors: Tiffany Ting-Fang Shih, Hsin-An Hou, Chieh-Yu Liu, Bang-Bin Chen, Jih-Luh Tang, Hsuan-Yu Chen, Shwu-Yuan Wei, Ming Yao, Shang-Yi Huang, Wen-Chien Chou, Szu-Chun Hsu, Woei Tsay, Chih-Wei Yu, Chao-Yu Hsu, Hwei-Fang Tien, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: Blood (2008)
Diabetes Prevalence, Incidence, and Complications Among Alaska Natives, 1987
Authors: Cynthia D Schraer, Lisa R Bulkow, Neil J Murphy, Anne P Lanier
Journal: Diabetes Care (1993)

To provide descriptive epidemiological data on diabetes mellitus among Alaska Natives, including incidence, updated prevalence, and incidence rates of ESRD, LEA, MI, and stroke in the diabetic population.In IHS and tribal contract hospitals and clinics throughout Alaska, Alaskan Indians, Eskimos, and Aleuts living in Alaska with documented diabetes mellitus were studied from 1986 to 1987.The number of diabetic patients increased from 610 to 708, and the prevalence changed from 15.7 to 17.4/1000 (not a statistically significant increase). Incidence rates per 10,000 diabetic person-yr for complications were 38 for ESRD, 69 for LEA, 92 for MI, and 92 for stroke.The prevalence of diabetes mellitus increased during the period of observation, but not to a statistically significant degree. Incidence rates for diabetes are lower than for the U.S. general population, but complications rates are as high as those in other diabetic populations.
Thoracic Cord Compression Caused by Epidural Extramedullary Hematopoiesis During Erythroid-Stimulating Agent Therapy in Two Patients With Myelodysplastic Syndromes
Authors: Francesco Buccisano, Luca Maurillo, Benedetta Neri, Salvatore Masala, Alessandro Mauriello, Maria Ilaria Del Principe, Concetta Ditto, Chiara Sarlo, Mariagiovanna Cefalo, Luigi Di Caprio, Giorgio Loreni, Laura Cicconi, Sergio Amadori, Adriano Venditti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)
Health information and interaction on the internet: a survey of female urinary incontinence
Authors: H. Sandvik
Journal: BMJ (1999)

To evaluate the internet as a source of information about urinary incontinence and to explore interactive facilities. DESIGNLimited survey of internet resources.75 websites providing information about incontinence and an opportunity for interactivity, 25 web doctors, and two news groups.Quality scores according to predefined general and specific criteria. Internet popularity indexes according to number of links to websites. Correlation between quality scores and popularity indexes.Few sites provided comprehensive information, but the information actually provided was mostly correct. Internet popularity indexes did not correlate with quality scores. The most informative site was easily found with general internet search engines but was not found in any of the medical index sites investigated. Sixty six per cent of sites responded to an email request for advice from a fictitious incontinent woman, half of them within 24 hours. Twelve responders provided vital information that the woman might suffer from drug induced incontinence.Excellent information about urinary incontinence was found on the internet, but the number of links to a site did not reflect quality of content. Patients may get valuable advice and comfort from using interactive services.
Isolation and characterization of outer root sheath melanocytes of human hair follicles
Authors: G.Y. Na, S.H. Paek, B.C. Park, D.W. Kim, W.J. Lee, S.J. Lee, M.K. Kim, J.C. Kim
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Journal Article Isolation and characterization of outer root sheath melanocytes of human hair follicles Get access G.Y. Na, G.Y. Na Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Gun Yoen Na. E‐mail: shinam73@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.H. Paek, S.H. Paek Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B.C. Park, B.C. Park Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.W. Kim, D.W. Kim Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.J. Lee, W.J. Lee Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. Lee, S.J. Lee Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.K. Kim, M.K. Kim Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.C. Kim J.C. Kim Departments of Dermatology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 50 Samdeok 2‐ga, Chung‐Gu, Daegu 700‐721, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 155, Issue 5, 1 November 2006, Pages 902–909, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2006.07502.x Published: 01 November 2006 Article history Accepted: 02 June 2006 Published: 01 November 2006
Points: Safe limits of drinking
Authors: M E Purkiss
Journal: BMJ (1988)

gresses more rapidly in this group is in dispute.Although we are unlikely to find premalignant disease in the sexually active girls under 16, we think that cytological screening is useful to educate them about the need for regular cervical smears.These patients are likely to have many sexual partners, have a high prevalence of sexually trans- mitted diseases (770/o-A J Robinson, unpublished data), and be at high risk of developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
Intracellular potassium after magnesium infusion.
Authors: T Dyckner, P O Wester
Journal: BMJ (1978)

extent in bone osteoclasts.In our patients, who had apathetic hyperthyroidism with low concentrations of serum magnesium and high ones of alkaline phosphatase which reverted to normal after three months' treatment, the interesting aspect is the possible role of hypomagnesaemia in producing this type of hyperthyroidism.
Frequent Occurrence of Rapid as Well as Delayed Gastric Emptying of a Corn Flakes and Milk Meal in Clinical Patients With Gastrointestinal Symptoms
Authors: Ida Mary Santiago-Maldonado, William T. Phillips
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Early satiety, nausea and vomiting have traditionally been associated with delayed gastric emptying (GE). A study was performed to determine the frequency of rapid/delayed GE in 100 patients sequentially referred for scintigraphic GE using a corn flakes and milk meal.A retrospective review of 100 consecutive GE studies at the University Hospital, San Antonio, Texas, was performed. Each patient received a semisolid meal containing corn flakes, milk, and sugar (200 kcal, 6 g fat, 7 g protein, and 30 g carbohydrates) and 37.0 MBq (1 mCi) of Tc-99m sulfur colloid according to a standard clinical protocol followed by dynamic 1-minute planar acquisitions for 60 minutes. Gastric emptying times were classified based on the 50% emptying time as follows: 30 to 60 minutes for normal, abnormally delayed as >60 minutes, and abnormally rapid as <30 minutes.Twenty-eight patients demonstrated rapid GE, 25 delayed GE, and 45 normal GE. Fifteen (54%) patients with rapid GE were diabetic, 4 (14%) had impaired fasting glucose values, and 9 (32%) were normoglycemic. Fourteen (56%) patients with delayed GE were diabetic, one (4%) had impaired fasting glucose, and 10 (40%) were normoglycemic. Both patients with delayed and those with rapid GE had nausea as the most common symptom followed by early satiety (rapid GE) and vomiting (delayed GE). Of 28 patients with rapid GE, 26 were on promotility agents.The number of patients with rapid GE of the corn flakes, milk, and sugar meal is appreciably greater (28%) than previously reported with other meals. This relative large number is likely related to the meal composition and the homogeneous dispersal of the label within the meal.
Estrogen Inhibition of Corticoid Hypertension in Chickens
Authors: J. STAMLER, P. JOHNSON, A. ELLIS
Journal: Circulation (1954)

Estrogens tend to lower the blood pressure of cockerels. Estrogen-treated cockerels and estrogen-secreting hens are immune to the chronic pressor effects of desoxycorticosterone acetate (DCA) and cortisone.
Does the 'coupled clock' make the heart tick?
Authors: G. E. Billman
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

This editorial refers to ‘Cardiac ryanodine receptors control heart rate and rhythmicity in adult mice’, by M. J. Bround et al ., pp. 372–380, this issue. 

The first written descriptions of the regular beating pattern of the heart (as measured by pulse) are found in the often fragmentary writings of the ancient Greek physicians and scientists.1 However, it was not until 1943 that the electrical events associated with the initiation of the cardiac impulse were first recorded in the vertebrate heart.2 Using extracellular electrodes, Emil Bozler reported that a local, slowly rising wave of negativity proceeded each impulse (extracellular action potential) in the sinus venosus of the turtle heart and in right atrial tissue prepared from a variety of mammalian species (rabbit, dog, and cat).2 He further demonstrated that this spontaneous activity was depressed by the application of acetylcholine. He used the term ‘pacemaker prepotential’ to describe these changes in membrane potential that led to cardiac action potentials. Interestingly, in the same paper, he also was the first to recognize that oscillations in membrane potential that occurred following an action potential (afterdepolarizations) could induce extra impulses. He concluded that ‘It is apparent that many rhythmic phenomena in cardiac muscle cannot be understood if only conducted impulses are recorded. It is quite possible, therefore, that local, graded activity which may take place in the ‘resting’ state offers the key to understanding of a variety of disturbances of the rhythmicity of the heart.’2

It has been nearly 70 years since this seminal study and yet the ionic/molecular basis of the cardiac pacemaker has not been …
STUDIES ON PNEUMOCOCCUS IMMUNITY
Authors: Russell L. Cecil, Gustav I. Steffen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1921)

1. The subcutaneous inoculation of monkeys with three large doses of Pneumococcus Type I vaccine confers on them a complete immunity against experimental Pneumococcus Type I pneumonia. 2. The intravenous inoculation of small doses of Pneumococcus Type I vaccine also confers complete immunity against the homologous type of pneumonia. 3. Specific protective bodies may or may not be present in the serum of monkeys vaccinated against Pneumococcus Type I. There appears to be no intimate relation between active immunity against pneumonia and the presence or absence of protective substances in the serum of the vaccinated animal.
Lymphoma of host origin in a marrow transplant recipient in remission of acute myeloid leukemia and receiving cyclosporin A
Authors: Robert E. Bloom, James K. Brennan, John L. Sullivan, R. S. K. Chiganti, Robert Dinsmore, Richard O'Reilly
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Lymphomas are an uncommon complication of solid organ transplantation and rarely occur after marrow transplantation. When post‐marrow transplant lymphomas have occurred, they have been of donor cell origin and when sought, Epstein‐Barr virus DNA has been found in the tumor. A 21‐year‐old woman developed a poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma 6 months after bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia in remission. Cyclosporin A had been used as an immunosuppressant. A chromosomal polymorphism demonstrated that the tumor was of host origin and contained a monoclonal tumor marker, 46, XX INV 4 (p16q12). The tumor did not contain the DNA of the Epstein‐Barr virus.
Usefulness of 3D OCT to Diagnose a Noncircumferential Open-Cell Stent Fracture
Authors: Bruno Francaviglia, Piera Capranzano, Giuseppe Gargiulo, Giovanni Longo, Claudia Ina Tamburino, Yohei Ohno, Davide Capodanno, Corrado Tamburino
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
Meadow faces GMC over evidence given in child death cases
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The eminent paediatrician Roy Meadow is to face charges of serious professional misconduct from the General Medical Council over his role as a witness for the prosecution in three trials where mothers were wrongly accused of killing their babies.

Alan Williams, a Home Office forensic pathologist who gave evidence in one of those cases, will also be charged with serious professional misconduct by the GMC. Dr Williams's hearing is likely to take place in the summer and that of Professor Meadow in the autumn. The cases will attract immense public interest, after the acquittal of Trupti Patel and the overturning on appeal of murder convictions against Sally Clark and Angela Cannings, all …