tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP95: Title: Self-Reported versus Objective Sedentary Behavior Assessment in Young Adults
Authors: Bethany Barone Gibbs, Wendy C King, Kelliann K Davis, Amy D Rickman, Renee J Rogers, John M Jakicic
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Sedentary behavior (SED) has emerged as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality in longitudinal studies, but has almost exclusively been measured by self-reported total SED or television (TV) time. Objective: Our goal was to compare self-reported SED vs. objective SED by the BodyMedia® armband in young adults Methods: Among overweight and obese young adults (age: 31 ± 4 years, BMI: 32 ± 4 kg/m 2 ) enrolled in a clinical weight loss trial, baseline SED was assessed by 3 methods: 1) self-reported time spent in 8 common SEDs (TV, computer, transportation, etc.) from a questionnaire adapted from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study (SED Q ), 2) a single question about total SED in a ‘typical day’ from the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (SED GPAQ ), and 3) objective SED was calculated as the average awake time spent at &lt;1.5 METS over ≥4 days with ≥10 hours of wear time (SED OBJ ). Also, because it is often used as a surrogate for SED, TV time (SED TV ) was isolated from the SED Q . SED measures were compared using nonparametric sign-tests, Spearman’s ρ, and Bland-Altman plots. Results: Valid data were available in 457 of 470 subjects. On average, compared to SED OBJ , SED Q tended to overestimate while SED GPAQ tended to underestimate (Table). SED Q and SED GPAQ were weakly correlated with SED OBJ ; the correlation with SED GPAQ was stronger (Table). In the Bland-Altman plots, SED Q and SED GPAQ had highly patterned errors where SED Q and SED GPAQ underestimated at low values and overestimated at high values. Limits of agreement (LOA) were wide for SED Q [-7.4, 10.5 hr/day] and SED GPAQ [-8.4, 6.0 hr/day]. Average SED TV differed substantially from SED OBJ , as expected, but was also not correlated. Conclusions: SED Q , SED GPAQ , and especially SED TV were poorly related to SED OBJ in overweight and obese young adults. The poor validity of these subjective assessment methods may have implications for the interpretation of observational research relating self-reported SED to adverse health outcomes.
Abstract 17779: Impaired Parasympathetic Nervous System Regulation of the Sinoatrial Node in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pooja S Krishnaswamy, Emmanuel E Egom, Robert A Rose
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Diabetes mellitus is associated with a reduced ability of the autonomic nervous system to regulate heart rate which is determined by the spontaneous activity of the sinoatrial node (SAN). The effec...
Abstract 17851: Is Positive Psychological Well-being Associated with Physical Functioning in Older Adults? Results From the Chicago Healthy Aging Study (CHAS)
Authors: Rosalba Hernandez, Thanh-Huyen T Vu, Kiang Liu, Martha L Daviglus
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: There is mounting evidence linking positive psychological well-being to restorative health processes, i.e., positive health behaviors and biological functioning. However, very little is known about the relationship between positive affect and physical functioning or whether there is a potential mediational effect on this relationship (if any) via traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: We analyzed in-person interview data collected from older adults ages 63-84 that participated in the Chicago Healthy Aging Study [CHAS] in 2007-10. Positive affect was captured using a subscale of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale that considered only positively worded items, with higher scores indicative of greater positive affect (see Table); tertiles were created with the following cutoffs &lt;2 (low), ≥2 to &lt;4 (medium), and ≥4 (high). Physical functioning for the upper and lower extremities considered the Short Physical Performance Battery and 2 levels of hand grip strength. Traditional risk factors consisted of blood pressure, serum cholesterol, body mass index, diabetes, and smoking status. Results: We analyzed data from 1,247 individuals. Mean age was 71 years; and 26% female. A significant positive correlation was found between positive affect and all measures of physical functioning (all P-values &lt; 0.05). In multivariate adjusted models (see Table), a graded association was evident such that higher mean scores for physical functioning were observed with increasing levels of positive affect (i.e., Short Physical Performance Battery [ p -trend = 0.004] and 2 kg hand grip strength [ p -trend = 0.034]). Inclusion of traditional risk factors did not significantly attenuate observed association between positive affect and physical functioning. Conclusion: The current study offer preliminary evidence for an association between positive affect and physical functioning in older adults independent of cardiovascular risk factors.
Hospice: Complete Care for the Terminally Ill.
Authors: Jack McKay Zimmerman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

authors because many of the syndromes are primarily of histologic importance and cannot be depicted clinically. The book has a helpful index, an attractive cover, and a pleasing page format. The Man Behind the Syndrome provides enjoyable reading, including information about many interesting personalities from many different fields of medicine. One cannot help but be impressed and inspired by the contributions of these eminent medical scientists.
Candidate Gene Association Study of Coronary Artery Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Jane F. Ferguson, Gregory J. Matthews, Raymond R. Townsend, Dominic S. Raj, Peter A. Kanetsky, Matthew Budoff, Michael J. Fischer, Sylvia E. Rosas, Radhika Kanthety, Mahboob Rahman, Stephen R. Master, Atif Qasim, Mingyao Li, Nehal N. Mehta, Haiqing Shen, Braxton D. Mitchell, Jeffrey R. O'Connell, Alan R. Shuldiner, Weang Kee Ho, Robin Young, Asif Rasheed, John Danesh, Jiang He, John W. Kusek, Akinlolu O. Ojo, John Flack, Alan S. Go, Crystal A. Gadegbeku, Jackson T. Wright, Danish Saleheen, Harold I. Feldman, Daniel J. Rader, Andrea S. Foulkes, Muredach P. Reilly
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract MP75: Characterization of Physical Activity Patterns From Mid-Life to Older Adulthood: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Dmitry Kats, Priya Palta, Kelley P Gabriel, Ricky Camplain, Gerardo Heiss, Kelly Evenson
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Lack of physical activity is associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality. Studies that characterize patterns of change in physical activity from mid- to late-life are limited. Objectives: To examine variation in physical activity patterns from mid-life to older adulthood in a large, population-based cohort by socio-demographic and cardiovascular factors. Methods: The study population included 5,627 (58% female, 21% African American, mean age at visit 1: 52 years) ARIC participants who completed a modified Baecke physical activity questionnaire at visits 1 (1987-1989), 3 (1993-1995), and 5 (2011-2013). Using the reported type, duration (hours/week), and frequency (months/year) of up to four leisure activities over the past year, estimates of average min/wk spent on moderate to vigorous intensity activities (MVPA) were computed. The AHA “Life’s Simple 7” physical activity recommendations for adults were applied: Poor (0 min/wk MVPA), Intermediate (1-74 min/wk vigorous or 1-149 min/wk ...
153. VEGF Associated with TP To Refine Angiogenesis in Gene Therapy
Authors: Anna Rita Bellu, Marianne G. Rotz, Diane Bouïs, Nanno H. Mulder, Wendy Dam, Vincent van Weel, Pieter Koolwijk, Paul H. A. Quax, Hidde J. Haisma, Geke A. P. Hosper
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Angiogenesis (formation of new blood vessel from pre-existing vessel) is a complex process that needs the interaction of different growth factors.
A double‐blind, placebo‐controlled phase II study of the efficacy and safety of 2,2‐dimethylbutyrate (HQK‐1001), an oral fetal globin inducer, in sickle cell disease
Authors: Marvin E. Reid, Amal El Beshlawy, Adlette Inati, Abdullah Kutlar, Miguel R. Abboud, Johnson Haynes, Richard Ward, Bruce Sharon, Ali T. Taher, Wally Smith, Deepa Manwani, Richard G. Ghalie
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

This placebo-controlled phase II study evaluated the pharmacodynamics, efficacy and safety of 2,2-dimethylbutyrate (HQK-1001), a fetal globin gene-inducing short-chain fatty acid derivative, administered orally at 15 mg/kg twice daily for 48 weeks in 76 subjects with sickle cell disease (SCD). The median age was 26 years (range: 12-55 years) and 37 subjects (49%) were treated previously with hydroxycarbamide. Sixty subjects (79%) had Hb SS and 16 (21%) had S/β(0) thalassemia. The study was terminated after a planned interim analysis showed no significant increase in fetal hemoglobin (Hb F) and a trend for more pain crises in the HQK-1001 group. For 54 subjects with Week 24 data, the mean absolute increase in Hb F was 0.9% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.1-1.6%) with HQK-1001 and 0.2% (95% CI: -0.7-1.1%) with placebo. Absolute increases in Hb F greater than 3% were noted in 9 of 38 subjects (24%) administered HQK-1001 and 1 of 38 subjects (3%) administered placebo. The mean changes in hemoglobin at Week 24 were comparable between the two groups. The mean annualized rate of pain crises was 3.5 with HQK-1001 and 1.7 with placebo. The most common adverse events in the HQK-1001 group, usually graded as mild or moderate, consisted of nausea, headache, vomiting, abdominal pain, and fatigue. Additional studies of HQK-1001 at this dose and schedule are not recommended in SCD. Intermittent HQK-1001 administration, rather than a daily regimen, may be better tolerated and more effective, as shown previously with arginine butyrate, and warrants further evaluation.
Abstract 566: Critical Role of Ghrelin in Ventricular Remodeling after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hideyuki Kondo, Yukihiro Hojo, Yoshioki Nishimura, Nozomu Takahashi, Tomokazu Ikemoto, Katsuya Dezaki, Takaaki Katsuki, Toshihiko Yada, Kazuyuki Shimada
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide, originally isolated from the stomach, which has been identified as an endogenous ligand for the GH secretagogues receptor (GHS-R). Previous studies revealed that chronic administration of ghrelin suppresses cardiac sympathetic activity and prevents left ventricular (LV) remodeling after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However clinical role of ghrelin after AMI is still not clear. We examined the role of ghrelin in LV remodeling after AMI. Objectives: To elucidate the role of ghrelin in LV remodeling after AMI. Subjects and methods: We employed patients with the first AMI (n=41, mean age 61.9±8.9 years old). We obtained peripheral blood on 1, 7, 14 days and 6 months after the onset. Plasma total ghrelin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients were treated by percutaneous coronary intervention within 12 hours after onset. Successful myocardial reperfusion (TIMI flow grade 2 or 3) was accomplished in all patients. To analyze LV remodeling, all patients submitted to two serial left ventriculographies carried out on the day of admission and 6 months after the onset (mean 199±13 days). LV volume index (LVEDVI) was calculated by QCA-CMS software. Results: Plasma total ghrelin levels increased after the onset of AMI (day 0: 28.4±6.4, day 7: 75.1±12.2, day 14: 89.9±14.8 pg/ml, 6months: 46.5±6.6 fmol/ml, p&lt;0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between plasma ghrelin levels on day 14 after the onset and changes in LVEDVI (r=+0.53, p&lt;0.001). The stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that the plasma ghrelin level on day 14 is a significant explanatory variable for the changes in LVEDVI (F=8.77, p&lt;0.01, β=+0.40). Conclusions: The elevation of Ghrelin levels might be a compensatory mechanism to prevent LV remodeling. These results first indicate that ghrelin has a critical role in the progression of left ventricular remodeling after AMI.
Endpiece: Ideas must be comforting
Authors: R. Asher
Journal: BMJ (1999)

It is important to realise that ideas are much easier to believe if they are comforting, and that many clinical notions are accepted because they are comforting rather than because there is any evidence to support them. Just as we swallow food because we like it not because of its nutritional content, so do we swallow ideas because we like them and not because of their rational content.
Abstract 740: Phenotypic profiling and selectivity optimization of ERK inhibitors using a high-throughput imaged-based cell cycle assay
Authors: Grace Ka-Yan Chan, Tracy Kleinheinz, Matthew Martinson, Hok-Sum Cheung, John G. Moffat
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERK-1 and ERK-2) represent an essential node within the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling cascade that is commonly activated due to oncogenic mutations in RAF or RAS or due to upstream oncogenic signaling, such as through receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling. We have discovered and developed potent and selective small molecule inhibitors of both ERK-1 and 2. Optimization of kinase selectivity was a critical goal in order for ATP-competitive ERK inhibitors to maintain parity with the safety profile of highly selective allosteric MEK inhibitors. As a complement to enzymatic kinase panel profiling, we employed an imaged-based cell cycle assay, based on the expected on-target phenotype of cytostatic G1 arrest in B-Raf-mutant cell lines. We were thus able to simultaneously measure on-target and off-target activities. Inhibition of Cdk2, one of the primary off-targets, was associated with a distinct G2 cell cycle arrest, which enabled us to quantify the functional selectivity margin between ERK and Cdk2 in a single assay, and select ERK inhibitors with acceptable selectivity margins for further development. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Grace Ka-Yan Chan, Tracy Kleinheinz, Matthew Martinson, Hok-Sum Cheung, John G. Moffat. Phenotypic profiling and selectivity optimization of ERK inhibitors using a high-throughput imaged-based cell cycle assay. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 740. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-740
Abstract 3607: Modulation of neuroblastoma metabolism by an extracellular chaperone SPARC
Authors: Alexandre Chlenski, Marija Dobratic, Helen R. Salwen, Mark Applebaum, Susan L. Cohn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) is an extracellular matrix protein with diverse biologic functions. We have shown that SPARC is a scavenger chaperone that regulates matrix degradation, remodeling, and repair. We have also demonstrated that SPARC blocks angiogenesis and inhibits the growth of several cancers, including neuroblastoma. In this study we examined how extracellular chaperone SPARC affects neuroblastoma tumor progression. The chaperone properties of SPARC were characterized with cell biology methods and Surface Plasmon Resonance. Neuroblastoma cell lines derived from the high-risk tumors were treated with SPARC. The effect of SPARC on cancer cell metabolism was characterized using the Seahorse analyzer with and without inhibitors of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidation. Standard cell culture techniques were used to assess the effect of SPARC-induced metabolic changes on neuroblastoma cell proliferation and survival. We demonstrate that SPARC functions as a chaperone, shuttling extracellular ligands between cellular and extracellular tissue compartments. We characterize physical and biological properties of SPARC-mediated ligand transport, and further demonstrate that as a chaperone, SPARC can significantly affect tissue physiology, to the degree of altering cell metabolism. We show that in addition to inhibition of neuroblastoma progression in vivo, SPARC-induced changes in cellular metabolism severely impair neuroblastoma growth and survival in vitro. This novel mechanism of metabolism regulation by an extracellular chaperone SPARC may lead to additional insights into the therapy of neuroblastoma. Citation Format: Alexandre Chlenski, Marija Dobratic, Helen R. Salwen, Mark Applebaum, Susan L. Cohn. Modulation of neuroblastoma metabolism by an extracellular chaperone SPARC. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3607. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3607
Abstract 637: Chemotherapy enhances recombinant lipoimmunogen-based antitumor immunity against cervical cancer
Authors: Shih-Jen Liu, Li-Sheng Chang, Yi-Chen Yeh, Chih-Hsiang Leng
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Although CTLs play a major role in eradicating cancer cells during immunotherapy, the development of immune escape often limits the success of such therapy. Therefore, the simultaneous induction of CTLs against cancer and administration of chemotherapy would be feasible to overcome the limitation. The recombinant lipoprotein consisting of inactive E7 (E7m) biologically linked to a bacterial lipid moiety (rlipo-E7m) induces the maturation of mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells through toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), E7-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) responses and inhibits tumor growth. The large tumor (&amp;gt; 10 mm diameter) was regressed when treated with rlipo-E7m and TLR9 agonist (oligodeoxynucleotide, CpG ODN). In addition, the combinations inhibit local immunosuppressive cells number (MDSCs, TAM and Tregs) and increase CTLs number in tumor infiltration. However, the tumor grew again at ∼ 50 days after tumor implantation. To improve the therapeutic effects of rlipo-E7m/CpG, cisplatin or gemcitabine was combined to treat large tumor. We found that the combinations increase the survival time of the tumor-bearing mice. The promising approach may be applied to other tumor antigen for other cancer immunotherapy. Citation Format: Shih-Jen Liu, Li-Sheng Chang, Yi-Chen Yeh, Chih-Hsiang Leng. Chemotherapy enhances recombinant lipoimmunogen-based antitumor immunity against cervical cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 637. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-637
Methylation analysis of HNF3β/FoxA2 and cellular localization of C/EBPβ in thyroid cancer cells.
Authors: Tadayuki Akagi, Quang Luong, Dorina Gui, Jonathan Said, Glenn Braunstein, H. Phillip Koeffler
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

4502   Thyroid cancer cells often do not express thyroid-related genes including sodium iodide symporter (NIS), thyroperoxidase (TPO), thyroglobulin (TG) and thyrotrophin-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR); therefore, these cells are thought to be a poorly differentiated population. Analysis of up-stream regulator(s) of these genes is one of the strategies for investigating abnormalities of thyroid cancer.  Database analysis revealed that the promoter region of NIS, TPO, TG and TSHR genes contain common transcription factor binding sites including HNF3β/FoxA2, C/EBP, Pax-8, TTF-1 and PPARγ. Quantitative RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of HNF3β/FoxA2, C/EBPβ, and TTF-1 was markedly decreased in five thyroid cancer cell lines compared to normal thyroid cells; the expression levels of HNF3β/FoxA2, C/EBPβ, and TTF-1 in normal thyroid cells were 12.3-fold, 1.9-fold and 21.3-fold higher than thyroid cancer cell lines, respectively. Interestingly, the HNF3β/FoxA2 gene has a CpG island in its promoter region; therefore, we analyzed the methylation status in the region. Sodium bisulfate conversion of genomic DNA followed by PCR analysis showed that the gene is methylated in the BHP 2-7 papillary thyroid cancer cell line but not in the normal thyroid cells. In addition, the expression of HNF3β/FoxA2 mRNA was induced in the cells after their treatment with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine, an inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase. These results suggest that the HNF3β/FoxA2 gene is methylated and silenced in some thyroid cancers.  We also examined the cellular localization of C/EBPβ; to behave as a transcription factor, it requires nuclear localization. Immunohistochemical staining showed that it is localized in the nucleus in normal thyroid cells; in contrast, the protein is detected in the cytoplasm in papillary thyroid cancer cells. Subcellular fractionation of BHP 2-7 papillary thyroid cancer cell line followed by Western blot analysis showed high level of expression of C/EBPβ in the cytoplasm, suggesting that a large proportion of C/EBPβ protein cannot translocate into the nucleus and function as a transcription factor in papillary thyroid cancer cells.  Taken together, these observations indicate two clear abnormalities of transcription factors in thyroid cancer cells: abnormal methylation of HNF3β/FoxA2 and inappropriate cellular localization of C/EBPβ.
Group Launches Peripheral Arterial Disease Guidelines
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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Karyotypic analysis predicts outcome of preremission and postremission therapy in adult acute myeloid leukemia: a Southwest Oncology Group/Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study
Authors: Marilyn L. Slovak, Kenneth J. Kopecky, Peter A. Cassileth, David H. Harrington, Karl S. Theil, Anwar Mohamed, Elizabeth Paietta, Cheryl L. Willman, David R. Head, Jacob M. Rowe, Stephen J. Forman, Frederick R. Appelbaum
Journal: Blood (2000)
Abstract 12258: The Role of Electrical Delay (QLV) to Predict Left Ventricular Reverse Remodeling with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Michael R Gold, Ulrika Birgersdotter-Green, Jagmeet P Singh, Kenneth A Ellenbogen, Yinghong Yu, Timothy E Meyer, Milan Seth, Patrick J Tchou
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Despite the well documented benefits of CRT, the non-responder rate remains problematic. QRS duration and morphology are the most consistent predictors of response. To evaluate whethe...