tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor and Tissue Plasminogen Activator Levels in Plasma Precede a First Acute Myocardial Infarction in Both Men and Women
Authors: Anna M. Thögersen, Jan-Håkan Jansson, Kurt Boman, Torbjörn K. Nilsson, Lars Weinehall, Fritz Huhtasaari, Göran Hallmans
Journal: Circulation (1998)

In patients with established ischemic heart disease, prospective cohort studies have indicated that plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), the inhibitor of the fibrinolytic system, may predict cardiovascular events. So far, there have been no primary prospective studies of PAI-1.The aim of the present study was to test whether plasma levels of PAI-1, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), von Willebrand factor (vWF), and thrombomodulin (TM) could predict the occurrence of a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a population with high prevalence of coronary heart disease by use of a prospective nested case-control design. Mass concentrations of PAI-1 and tPA were significantly higher for the 78 subjects who developed a first AMI compared with the 156 references matched for age, sex, and sampling time; for tPA, this increase was independent of smoking habits, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A-I. The ratio of quartile 4 to 1 for tPA was 5.9 for a patient to develop a first AMI. The association between tPA and AMI was seen in both men and women. Increased levels of vWF were associated with AMI in a univariate analysis. High levels of TM were associated with AMI in women but not in men.The plasma levels of PAI-1, tPA, and vWF are associated with subsequent development of a first AMI; for PAI-1 and tPA, this relation was found in both men and women. For tPA but not for PAI-1 and vWF, this association is independent of established risk factors.
Adoptive transfer of pp65-specific T cells for the treatment of chemorefractory cytomegalovirus disease or reactivation after haploidentical and matched unrelated stem cell transplantation
Authors: Tobias Feuchtinger, Kathrin Opherk, Wolfgang A. Bethge, Max S. Topp, Friedhelm R. Schuster, Eva M. Weissinger, Mohamad Mohty, Reuven Or, Michael Maschan, Michael Schumm, Klaus Hamprecht, Rupert Handgretinger, Peter Lang, Hermann Einsele
Journal: Blood (2010)
IgA‐epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in a child resulting in blindness
Authors: F. CAUX, G. KIRTSCHIG, F. LEMARCHAND‐VENENCIE, P.‐Y. VENENCIE, T. HOANG‐XUAN, H. ROBIN, L. DUBERTRET, C. PROST
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Journal Article IgA‐epidermolysis bullosa acquisita in a child resulting in blindness Get access F. CAUX, F. CAUX Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1 Ave Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, Cedex 10, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. KIRTSCHIG, G. KIRTSCHIG Universitäts‐Hautklinik, Marburg, Germany, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. LEMARCHAND‐VENENCIE, F. LEMARCHAND‐VENENCIE Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1 Ave Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, Cedex 10, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.‐Y. VENENCIE, P.‐Y. VENENCIE Unité de Dermatologie, Hôpital Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. HOANG‐XUAN, T. HOANG‐XUAN Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. ROBIN, H. ROBIN Service d'Ophtalmologie, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. DUBERTRET, L. DUBERTRET Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1 Ave Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, Cedex 10, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. PROST C. PROST Service de Dermatologie, Hôpital Saint‐Louis, 1 Ave Claude Vellefaux, 75475 Paris, Cedex 10, France, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 137, Issue 2, 1 August 1997, Pages 270–275, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.18191915.x Published: 01 August 1997
Spleen tyrosine kinase inhibition prevents chemokine- and integrin-mediated stromal protective effects in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Maike Buchner, Constance Baer, Gabriele Prinz, Christine Dierks, Meike Burger, Thorsten Zenz, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Hassan Jumaa, Hendrik Veelken, Katja Zirlik
Journal: Blood (2010)
Vitamin D, Parathyroid Hormone, and Renal Failure
Authors: Louis M. Sherwood
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

THE two major hormones that regulate calcium homeostasis are parathyroid hormone and the active form of vitamin D3 (l,25-(OH)2D3).1 These hormones work in concert to mobilize calcium from bone and act separately to increase the reabsorption of calcium by the renal tubule (parathyroid hormone) and the absorption of calcium by the intestine (l,25-(OH)2D3). By stimulating the activity of the enzyme 1α-hydroxylase in the kidney, parathyroid hormone also enhances the production of l,25-(OH)2D3. What has been less clear is the relation between l,25-(OH)2D3 and the . . .
Intake of Dietary Fiber and Risk of Coronary Heart Disease in a Cohort of Finnish Men
Authors: Pirjo Pietinen, Eric B. Rimm, Pasi Korhonen, Anne M. Hartman, Walter C. Willett, Demetrius Albanes, Jarmo Virtamo
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Even though dietary fiber has been hypothesized to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, few large epidemiological studies have examined this relation with good methodology. Methods and Results The Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with daily supplementation of α-tocopherol and/or beta-carotene. Of the participants, 21 930 smoking men aged 50 to 69 years who were free of diagnosed cardiovascular disease and had completed a validated dietary questionnaire at baseline were followed for 6.1 years. We monitored the incidence of major coronary events (a combination of first nonfatal myocardial infarction and coronary heart disease death; n=1399) and mortality from coronary heart disease (n=635). Both entities had a significant inverse association with dietary fiber, but the association was stronger for coronary death. For men in the highest quintile of total dietary fiber intake (median, 34.8 g/d), the relative risk for coronary death was 0.69 (95% confidence interval, 0.54 to 0.88; P &lt;.001 for trend) compared with men in the lowest quintile of intake (median, 16.1 g/d). With an adjustment for known cardiovascular risk factors, intake of saturated fatty acids, beta-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E did not materially change the result. Water-soluble fiber was slightly more strongly associated with reduced coronary death than water-insoluble fiber, and cereal fiber also had a stronger association than vegetable or fruit fiber. Conclusions These findings suggest that independent of other risk factors, greater intake of foods rich in fiber can substantially reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, and particularly coronary death, in middle-aged, smoking men.
Renal Syndromes Associated with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
Authors: David M. Clive, Jeffrey S. Stoff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

NONSTEROIDAL antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become an integral part of the therapy of rheumatologic disorders.1 The number of new agents available on the market has more than tripled in the past five to seven years,2 and several pharmaceutical companies have recently introduced more potent, longer-acting agents in expectation of a share of a predicted $1-billion market in 1984.3 NSAIDs are now the most widely prescribed of all drugs when grouped by generic categories, and this does not include aspirin, which is the most commonly used of all drugs and the prototype of NSAIDs.4 Data from the Arthritis Foundation indicate that . . .
Bone Marrow Fibrosis and Diagnosis of Essential Thrombocythemia
Authors: Juergen Thiele, Hans Michael Kvasnicka, James W. Vardiman, Attilio Orazi, Vito Franco, Heinz Gisslinger, Gunnar Birgegard, Martin Griesshammer, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

However, there are serious issues to beraisedconcerningtheauthors’analysisoftheclinicaldata,thecriteriausedtodiagnoseET,andthequantiﬁcationofﬁbrosis.Altogethertheauthors compared a heterogenous patient database, which included311 patients evaluated for presenting features, 299 for response totherapy,361forcomplicationrates,97forprogressionofﬁbrosis,andfour for reversal of BM ﬁbrosis, so no single cohort with consistentfeatures was described throughout the study of 361 patients. Forexample, for the analysis of progression of ﬁbrosis, only 97 (12%) oftheoriginal809patientsenteredintheUK-PT1trial
William George ("Bill") Helsby
Authors: M. Fryer
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Retired general practitioner Englefield Green and Egham, Surrey (b London 1915; q King's College Hospital, London, 1941), died from bronchopneumonia and Parkinson's disease on 20 September 2003.

Bill served in the Royal Army Medical Corps in India and Burma as captain from 1943 to 1946. After the second world war he was a house officer at Queen Alexandra's Hospital, Portsmouth, and was in general practice in the NHS from its inception in 1948. He retired in 1981 and moved to Cardiff in 1990. He leaves a wife, Daphne; a daughter; and two granddaughters.
Relationship of Surface Electrogram Recordings to Activity in the Underlying Specialized Conducting Tissue
Authors: ROBERT J. MYERBURG, KRISTINA NILSSON, ROBERT G. ZOBLE
Journal: Circulation (1972)

Surface electrodes are widely used to study the electrophysiology of the A-V conducting system. The recording of activity from the human in-situ His bundle represents a practical, clinically useful adaptation of surface recording technics. The interpretation of data accumulated by this means must be considered in relation to the extent to which the surface recordings from the specialized conducting system accurately reflect activity in the underlying tissue. A combination of microelectrode technics to record transmembrane action potentials and surface recording technics on isolated preparations of canine conducting tissue were used to approach this question. Under many conditions the surface electrogram was found to be an accurate indicator of the presence and timing of impulses in the conducting system. However, during early premature activity, marked decreases or complete absence of surface electrogram voltage could occur at coupling intervals at which premature impulses were still able to propagate through tissue under the electrodes. In addition, early premature activity could be associated with reversal of polarity of the surface electrogram without reversal of the direction of propagation. Inaccurate relationships between the time of inscription of the surface recording and the time of passage of the propagating wavefront beneath the surface electrodes also occurred with early premature impulses. Finally, there is some evidence that surface electrograms primarily reflect that activity in the most superficial levels of tissue.
Modeling a Lethal Prostate Cancer Variant with Small-Cell Carcinoma Features
Authors: Vassiliki Tzelepi, Jiexin Zhang, Jing-Fang Lu, Brittany Kleb, Guanglin Wu, Xinhai Wan, Anh Hoang, Eleni Efstathiou, Kanishka Sircar, Nora M. Navone, Patricia Troncoso, Shoudan Liang, Christopher J. Logothetis, Sankar N. Maity, Ana M. Aparicio
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: Small-cell prostate carcinoma (SCPC) morphology predicts for a distinct clinical behavior, resistance to androgen ablation, and frequent but short responses to chemotherapy. We sought to develop model systems that reflect human SCPC and can improve our understanding of its biology. Experimental Design: We developed a set of castration-resistant prostate carcinomas xenografts and examined their fidelity to their human tumors of origin. We compared the expression and genomic profiles of SCPC and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) xenografts to those of typical prostate adenocarcinoma xenografts. Results were validated immunohistochemically in a panel of 60 human tumors. Results: The reported SCPC and LCNEC xenografts retain high fidelity to their human tumors of origin and are characterized by a marked upregulation of UBE2C and other mitotic genes in the absence of androgen receptor (AR), retinoblastoma (RB1), and cyclin D1 (CCND1) expression. We confirmed these findings in a panel of samples of CRPC patients. In addition, array comparative genomic hybridization of the xenografts showed that the SCPC/LCNEC tumors display more copy number variations than the adenocarcinoma counterparts. Amplification of the UBE2C locus and microdeletions of RB1 were present in a subset, but none displayed AR nor CCND1 deletions. The AR, RB1, and CCND1 promoters showed no CpG methylation in the SCPC xenografts. Conclusion: Modeling human prostate carcinoma with xenografts allows in-depth and detailed studies of its underlying biology. The detailed clinical annotation of the donor tumors enables associations of anticipated relevance to be made. Future studies in the xenografts will address the functional significance of the findings. Clin Cancer Res; 18(3); 666–77. ©2011 AACR.
Normothermic ischemic cardiac arrest of the isolated working rat heart. Effects of time and reperfusion on myocardial ultrastructure, mitochondrial oxidative function, and mechanical recovery.
Authors: Y Edoute, E van der Merwe, D Sanan, J C Kotzé, C Steinmann, A Lochner
Journal: Circulation Research (1983)

The ischemic state of the myocardium of the isolated working rat heart after induction of normothermic ischemic cardiac arrest was assessed by the interrelationship among changes in myocardial ultrastructure, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and tissue high energy phosphate contents. At all time intervals (10-40 minutes) studied, the ultrastructural changes were more severe in the subendocardium than in the subepicardium. After 25-40 minutes of normothermic ischemic cardiac arrest, the mitochondrial oxygen uptake (state 3) became increasingly depressed, particularly in mitochondria isolated from the subendocardium. Mitochondrial oxidative function, as measured in vitro, did not correlate well with mitochondrial ultrastructural damage. In addition, the effects of coronary reperfusion on the ability of the ischemic heart to recover in terms of ultrastructure, mechanical, and metabolic function were evaluated. Hearts subjected to 10-40 minutes of normothermic ischemic cardiac arrest showed almost complete ultrastructural recovery of the subepicardium upon reperfusion; regression of ultrastructural changes occurred to a lesser extent in the subendocardium. Reperfusion for 30 minutes did not alleviate the depression in mitochondrial oxidative function, while tissue ATP levels did not return to control, preischemic levels. After 20 minutes of normothermic ischemic cardiac arrest, the mechanical performance of the working heart during reperfusion was significantly depressed, compared with pre-ischemic control values. Normal ultrastructure of the subendocardium always accompanied mechanical recovery, while improvement of mitochondrial oxidative function was not essential.
Dust Exposure Challenge Test as a Measure of Potential Allergenicity and Occupational Disease Risk in Handling of Ispaghula Products
Authors: L. Machado, G. Olsson, G. Stålenheim, O. Zetterström
Journal: Allergy (1983)

It is known that workers in the pharmaceutical industry, and nurses, can become sensitized and develop allergic respiratory symptoms by handling bulk laxatives containing Ispaghula powder. Fifteen individuals allergic to Ispaghula were challenged with a commercially available Ispaghula product and three other products manufactured in a way to make them less dusty. The results show that the use of products with smaller amounts of airborne particles results in a lower incidence of symptoms and thus probably reduces the potential occupational risk of sensitization to the Ispaghula allergen.
Characterization of concentration- and use-dependent effects of quinidine from conduction delay and declining conduction velocity in canine Purkinje fibers.
Authors: D L Packer, A O Grant, H C Strauss, C F Starmer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

The dynamic response of squared conduction velocity, theta 2, to repetitive stimulation in canine Purkinje fibers with quinidine was studied using a double-microelectrode technique. With stimulation, a frequency-dependent monoexponential increase in conduction delay (CD) and a decline in theta 2 were observed. The exponential rates and changes in steady-state CD and theta 2 were frequency- and concentration-dependent. The overall drug uptake rates describing blockade and the interpulse recovery interval were linearly related and steady-state values of theta 2 were linearly related to an exponential function of the stimulus intervals. Based on first-order binding, the frequency- and concentration-dependent properties of quinidine were characterized by the apparent binding and unbinding rates of 14.2 +/- 5.7 X 10(6) mol-1.s-1 and 63 +/- 12 s-1 for activated and 14.8 +/- 1.0 X 10(2) mol-1.s-1 and 0.16 +/- 0.03 s-1 for resting states. The recovery time constant extracted from the pulse train interpulse interval was 5.8 +/- 1.5 s compared with 5.1 +/- 0.6 s determined from a posttrain test pulse protocol. This study demonstrates that the kinetics of drug action can be derived from measures of impulse propagation. This provides a basis for characterizing frequency-dependent properties of antiarrhythmic agents in vivo and suggests the plausibility of a quantitative assessment of drug binding and recovery rates in man.
Antiretroviral Therapy for Refugees and Internally Displaced Persons: A Call for Equity
Authors: Joshua B Mendelsohn, Paul Spiegel, Marian Schilperoord, Nadine Cornier, David A. Ross
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

Joshua Mendelsohn and colleagues discuss the moral, legal, and public health principles and recent evidence that strongly suggest that refugees and internally displaced people should have equal access to HIV treatment and support as host nationals and give detailed recommendations for refugees and internally displaced people accessing antiretroviral therapy in stable settings. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Long-Term Survival and Hemodynamics After Endothelin-A Receptor Antagonism and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition in Rats With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Paul Mulder, Houssaine Boujedaini, Vincent Richard, Jean-Paul Henry, Sylvanie Renet, Klaus Münter, Christian Thuillez
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Background— In patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) receiving ACE inhibitors, acute administration of selective endothelin (ET) antagonists additionally improves systemic and cardiac hemodynamics. We investigated, in a rat model of CHF, whether such acute synergistic effects are sustained and accompanied, in the long term, by an additional limitation of left ventricular remodeling or an increase in survival. Methods and Results— Rats were subjected to coronary artery ligation and treated for 3 or 9 months with vehicle or with the ACE inhibitor trandolapril (Tr) (0.3 mg/kg −1 per day −1 ), the ET A antagonist LU 135252 (LU, 30 mg/kg −1 per day −1 ), or their combination starting 7 days after ligation. After 3 months, the combination decreased LV systolic- and end-diastolic pressures (−32% and −80%, respectively) more markedly than Tr (−21% and −61%, respectively) or LU alone (−14% and −48%, respectively). Echocardiographic studies revealed that all treatments limited LV dilatation and increased LV fractional shortening and cardiac index. All treatments equally reduced left ventricular collagen density, whereas only Tr or the combination reduced LV weight. Finally, although LU did not modify long-term survival, Tr and the combination of Tr with LU induced a similar improvement of survival. Conclusions— In this rat model, long-term combined administration of an ET A antagonist and an ACE inhibitor induces additional effects in terms of systemic and cardiac hemodynamics; however, this is not associated with an additional increase in long-term survival.
Chronic allergic contact dermatitis promotes skin cancer
Authors: Shadmehr Demehri, Trevor J. Cunningham, Eva A. Hurst, Andras Schaffer, David M. Sheinbein, Wayne M. Yokoyama
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is well recognized as an adverse event associated with implantable medical devices that contain allergenic materials like nickel; however, other cutaneous consequences of chronic exposure to allergens in implanted devices are not well understood. Here, we present a clinical case of Marjolin’s ulcer, an invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) that developed in response to chronic ACD caused by an orthopedic implant. We used a standard murine model of contact hypersensitivity to determine whether chronic ACD promotes skin carcinogenesis. Chronic application of 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNFB) to carcinogen-treated skin led to the development of papillomas and aggressive SCC. DNFB-driven chronic ACD was marked by type 2 inflammation, which mediated skin carcinogenesis, as mice unable to mount an inflammatory response were less likely to develop skin tumors. Importantly, we found similar tumor-promoting inflammation surrounding the SCC in our patient. Our findings demonstrate that chronic ACD caused by constant exposure to an allergen can promote tumorigenesis at skin sites with preexisting cancer-initiated cells. Moreover, our results suggest that patients with implantable devices placed in close proximity to the skin should be monitored for ACD and highlight the importance of patch testing prior to the placement of such devices.
Referral of women with breast lumps
Authors: J. Foster
Journal: BMJ (1995)

absolute difference between the rates is almost similar in both cases.Our main comment, however, relates to Frisoni and colleagues' concluding comments.Although we agree that prospective studies are needed, we do not agree that the epidemiological relevance of e4 in determining Alzheimer's disease may be lower than suggested by others.This is certainly plausible.Although we have no extensive clinical data on Alzheimer's disease available in our cohort, the proportion of men with the disease in our population based sample of elderly men was probably very low.Since despite this low propor- tion e4 predicts cognitive decline, the role of e4 in dementia and disorders related to dementia in general might instead be larger than expected.
Procedures in Practice
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

One of the most interesting features of the<i>British Medical Journal</i>is its series of brief (usually three to six pages) illustrated discussions of procedures often employed in hospital practice. These discussions include the indications, contraindications, step-by-step instructions, and possible complications in the performance of these procedures. This little publication offers the discussions in the same format as they appeared in the "BMJ," except for "minor revisions to take account of comments [since their original publication] by readers." While the subject matter is presented with appropriate admonitions, there are a number of refreshing (and therefore memorable and all the more useful) comments. For example: Kidney biopsy techniques: "If there is any doubt about their adequacy, obtain another specimen rather than risk having to repeat the whole performance later when you receive a histology report reading 'medulla only.'" Lumbar puncture: "A dry tap is usually due to a failure of technique.