tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA) in Colonic Cancer
Authors: Phani Dhar
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Radioimmunoassay for serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was performed in 127 colonic cancer patients. The test results were positive in 57 (72%) of 79 patients in whom tumor was present at the time of assay. In the 51 patients tested prior to tumor resection, the incidence of positivity varied from 19% in those with localized tumors to 100% in those with metastatic disease. Preoperatively, undetectable CEA in patients with known colonic cancer suggested localized tumor and good prognosis. Strongly positive CEA test results in such patients correlated with extensive tumors and poor prognosis. Postoperatively, a positive result for serum CEA indicated presence of residual tumor. A negative CEA test result postoperatively, however, did not exclude residual tumor. Periodic CEA determination in the patients who have undergone resection of colonic cancer may detect tumor recurrence that is at a treatable stage.
Effect of alpha-adrenergic stimulation on regional contractile function and myocardial blood flow with and without ischemia.
Authors: M I Miyamoto, H A Rockman, B D Guth, G Heusch, J Ross
Journal: Circulation (1991)

The effect of alpha-adrenergic receptor activation on regional contractile function and transmural myocardial blood flow is controversial. Accordingly, the effects of selective alpha 1-(methoxamine) and alpha 2-(BHT 933) receptor stimulation on regional contractile function and transmural myocardial blood flow distribution were studied in 15 anesthetized open-chest dogs.The alpha-adrenergic agonists were separately infused into the cannulated left circumflex coronary artery during control and ischemic conditions in the same animal. Mean coronary perfusion pressure was held constant by a servocontrolled pump in an extracorporeal circuit. Ischemia was created by reducing coronary perfusion pressure to the level at which percent systolic wall thickening (%WT) decreased by 54%. Contractile function during control conditions was unchanged, whereas under ischemic conditions a further significant decrease in %WT of 27% occurred with either alpha 1- or alpha 2-receptor stimulation without any change in the anterior (control) wall function. Both alpha 1- and alpha 2-receptor stimulations during control conditions resulted in a relatively uniform transmural decrease in blood flow with no change in the subendocardial-to-subepicardial blood flow ratio. With alpha 1-stimulation during ischemia (n = 13), there was a tendency toward decreased subepicardial blood flow with no change in subendocardial flow, resulting in an increased subendocardial-to-subepicardial blood flow ratio (0.61 +/- 0.23 to 0.82 +/- 0.40, p less than 0.05). alpha 2-Receptor stimulation during ischemia (n = 12) produced a significant decrease in subepicardial blood flow (0.45 +/- 0.20 to 0.35 +/- 0.12 ml/min/g, p less than 0.01) with no change in subendocardial blood flow, also resulting in an increased subendocardial-to-subepicardial blood flow ratio.These results indicate the selective vasoconstriction in outer wall layers during ischemia mediated by either alpha 1- or alpha 2-receptors can cause a decrease in regional contractile function despite unchanged subendocardial blood flow and improved subendocardial-to-subepicardial flow ratio. This suggests an adverse effect of alpha-adrenergic vasoconstriction during ischemia in this coronary perfusion pressure-controlled canine model.
Generation of a new therapeutic peptide that depletes myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Hong Qin, Beatrisa Lerman, Ippei Sakamaki, Guowei Wei, Soungchul C Cha, Sheetal S Rao, Jianfei Qian, Yared Hailemichael, Roza Nurieva, Karen C Dwyer, Johannes Roth, Qing Yi, Willem W Overwijk, Larry W Kwak
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
Megalopyge Opercularis
Authors: John P. McGovern
Journal: JAMA (1961)

Megalopyge opercularis, a stinging caterpillar, has been a public health problem throughout the southern states. Survey of an epidemic in southern Texas showed a high percentage of severe symptoms, including constitutional reactions that required hospitalization in 3 cases. In fact, severity of reactions observed in some patients suggests the possibility that death could result from these stings, although no deaths were reported in the present survey. The symptoms most frequently observed were marked local pain, local swelling, lymphadenopathy, and headache; shock-like symptoms and convulsions were also noted. Hypersensitivity phenomena appear to be uncommon.
P349Left atrial myxoma hypervascularized: case report and literature review
Authors: GBO Guilherme Benfatti Olivato, FRF Fernando Roberto De Fazzio, GAZMVB Marcus Vinicius Burato Gaz, FSFRF. Fabio Sergio Ferreira Resende Fonseca, TMS Thaysa Moreira Santos, MRP Milena Ribeiro Paixao, TJGT Thais Juliano Garcia Tosta, WFG Wilton Francisco Gomes, LAB Luiz Alberto Benvenuti, DIASRR Ricardo Ribeiro Dias
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Introduction: We present the case of a patient admitted electively in general cardiology unit complaining of chest pain for 5 months. Research by an imaging compatible with intra atrial tumor hypervascularized. Case Report: Woman, 40, in evaluation for chest pain type B for five months. Physical examination without significant changes and chest X-ray, electrocardiogram and laboratory normal. By means of echocardiography, including transesophageal approach, sessile lesion found in the left atrium of 33 mm in diameter. A hypothetical diagnosis of atrial myxoma. Requested angiography, excluding coronary artery disease, and observed a tumor irrigated by a large branch of the right coronary artery with marked neovascularization(Figure 1), proceeded by complete excision of the same. Pathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of atrial myxoma, noting intense vascular proliferation. The patient was discharged asymptomatic. Discussion: vascularization of the tumor grade enough to be visualized by coronary arteriography is considered rare in cases of atrial myxoma. The irrigation is the right coronary artery and the circumflex artery fewer or both, with the blood supply of the tumor may change its operating strategy. The hypervascularity of atrial myxoma may also cause theft coronary blood with consequent myocardial ischemia; few cases illustrate this uncommon clinical. The treatment of choice for atrial myxoma is surgical removal, the possibility of embolism or sudden death, and the same curative. Abstract P349 figure 1
Problems and priorities in epidemiologic research on human health effects related to wiring code and electric and magnetic fields.
Authors: J Siemiatycki
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1993)

Because of a reported excess of cancers among children living near power lines, there is some concern that electric and magnetic fields (EMFs) induced by electric power sources may affect human health, and this possibility has provoked considerable controversy. The scientific question of whether there are such health effects is far from resolved. Building upon a set of detailed reviews of the available evidence, this paper proposes research priorities and places particular emphasis on epidemiologic research. The most pressing need is to verify the validity of the claim that childhood cancer risk is affected by the type of wiring code in the vicinity of the household. More useful work can be done to verify this in the areas in which such studies have already been carried out, and additional studies should be done elsewhere. Methodological investigation of the interrelationships among different measures and proxies for EMF is needed, and this could feed back to influence the type of EMF measures used in epidemiologic studies. Studies of cancer among adults in relation to EMFs in the work place are needed. Of lower priority are studies of adverse reproductive outcomes in relation to parental EMF exposure and studies of the neurobehavioral impact of chronic EMF exposure. This article also discusses the structural impediments of conducting environmental epidemiology research and argues that bold, large-scale epidemiologic monitoring systems are needed. There is a discussion of the interface between epidemiology and public policy in a topic area as controversial as EMFs.
The lupus anticoagulant, pulmonary thromboembolism, and fatal pulmonary hypertension.
Authors: B M Rothschild
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1985)

picture in a case of childhood dermatomyositis.A fiveyear-old girl was first hospitalised in 1971 with muscular pain and weakness accompanied by mild malar erythema and an erythematous/violaceous maculopapular eruption over the extensor surfaces of the interphalangeal joints, elbows, and knees; the electromyogram (EMG) was consistent with myositis.Without treatment the patient presented spontaneous remission during the following
1123-180 Incidence and evaluation of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) among patients treated with prolonged heparin and among thrombocytopenic patients in the cardiac care unit: Preliminary results of the CATCH registry
Authors: Eric M Crespo, Richard C Becker, Peter B Berger, Christopher B Granger, Neal S Kleinman, David J Moliterno, Stephan Moll, Lawrence Rice, Charles S Abrams, JoEllen Rogers, Stephen S Steinhubl, Victor F Tapson, Kevin J Anstrom, E.Magnus Ohman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Case of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-induced Sweet's syndrome
Authors: Kenneth R. Arbetter, Kelly W. Hubbard, Svetomir N. Markovic, Lawrence E. Gibson, Robert L. Phyliky
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

A 33-year-old male was referred with a two-week history of fevers to 40°C and painful, erythematous skin and oral mucosal eruptions that had failed to respond to multiple anti-infectious agents. He had a recent diagnosis of a "myeloproliferative disorder with myelodysplastic features" on bone marrow biopsy, with associated pancytopenia. Two weeks before admission, he had been treated with a course of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) at a dose of 300 μg/day in an attempt to improve his neutropenia. After four days of treatment, the fever and lesions developed. Infectious evaluation was negative; however, biopsies of the skin and oral mucosal lesions revealed histology consistent with Sweet's syndrome. Intravenous methylprednisolone (30 mg/day) was started with prompt defervescence and resolution of the lesions within days. With the increasing use of G-CSF, Sweet's syndrome is becoming more commonly recognized as an adverse effect. This is the first case of G-CSF–induced Sweet's syndrome to demonstrate gingival involvement. Am. J. Hematol. 61:126–129, 1999. © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Inulin as a marker of dilution of bronchoalveolar lavage in asthmatic and normal subjects.
Authors: L J Restrick, A P Sampson, P J Piper, J F Costello
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid is a variable mixture of instilled and lung fluid, which makes interpretation of solute concentrations difficult. We describe the use of inulin as a marker of dilution of BAL in human subjects. BAL, using saline containing 0.1 mM inulin, was safely performed in 13 subjects with mild asthma and 11 normal subjects. The dilution factor (DF: inulin concentration in BAL fluid/inulin concentration in instilled fluid) was measured spectrophotometrically, and it was used to calculate the volume of lung fluid in BAL fluid. There was no significant difference between the median (range) DF of 0.931 (0.825 to 0.952) in asthmatics and 0.907 (0.768 to 0.985) in control subjects (p = 0.77). There was wide individual variation in, but no significant difference between, the lung fluid volume of 8.1 ml (5.4 to 22.2) in asthmatics and 12.3 ml (1.9 to 30.6) in control subjects (p = 0.56), thus validating comparisons of concentrations per ml of BAL fluid. Alternatively, concentrations can be compared per ml of lung fluid. Inulin fulfilled the requirements for a marker of dilution of BAL, enabling the validation and standardization of comparisons of solute concentrations in BAL fluid.
Driving and arrhythmias
Authors: H. Binns
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The freedom that driving a car gives the individual is a highly regarded privilege, some would say a right. Yet it is an inherently dangerous activity associated with significant mortality and morbidity, leading to 3500 deaths and 40 000 serious injuries from road traffic accidents in the United Kingdom each year.1 This appears to be acceptable as a reasonable price to pay for the lifestyles and employment practices we choose. Society makes a judgment balancing risk and reward arising from any individual's activity that encroaches on others' lives. This risk analysis leads to legislation—on compulsory ability testing, adherence to the highway code, and medical fitness to drive.

In the United Kingdom, as in much of Europe and North America, there is a two-tiered approach to medical fitness to drive. Those who drive heavy goods or public service vehicles must conform to stricter requirements than those who drive small vehicles. This is sensible as the danger to others relates not only to the likelihood of incapacitation but also to the time spent driving and the potential for lives to be lost in the event of an accident, factors that are clearly greater with vocational driving.2 The current licensing authority medical standards of fitness to drive relating to cardiac disease for non-vocational drivers …
Prolonged Cation-Exchange Resin Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Carl Voyles, Edward S. Orgain
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

IN THE past few years increasing clinical interest has been manifested in the ion-exchange resins. These are of two principal types, anion and cation. Anion-exchange resins have been used as antacids and pepsin inhibitors in the management of patients with peptic ulcer.1 2 3 4 5 6 Cation-exchange resins are of two common types: sulfonated and carboxylated. Either of these may be saturated with ammonium, hydrogen, potassium or other cations. Their value in the management of congestive heart failure and other related disorders associated with sodium-ion retention and edema is emerging gradually through clinical experience.7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Dock8 in 1946 first suggested that cation-exchange resins might be . . .
A SIGN FOR PERIDIAPHRAGMATIC INFLAMMATION
Authors: Herbert Savel
Journal: JAMA (1960)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The occurrence of shoulder pain with upper abdominal inflammation has aroused interest in its basic physiology and clinical significance. The earlier contributions are interesting. In 1880 John Hilton suggested that irritation of the phrenic nerve might cause pain in the shoulder. However, it was Kehr, writing in German around the turn of the century, as quoted by H. Bailey, to whom credit was given for first describing pain felt in the region of the left shoulder in cases of ruptured spleen. Cope (<i>Lancet</i><b>1</b>:415, 1922) stated in his lecture before the Royal College of Surgeons in 1922 that "shoulder-pain due to intra-abdominal disease is always due to irritation of the peritoneum..." Morley (<i>Clin J</i><b>44</b>:617, 1925) reemphasized the importance of pain referred to the shoulder in numerous clinical conditions and called attention to its anatomic and physiologic basis. Later, F. J. Kalteyer pointed out that
INDICATIONS OF TISSUE SPECIFICITY IN A TRANSPLANTABLE SARCOMA
Authors: Leonell C. Strong
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1924)

1. A sarcoma of the mouse which has proved to be transplantable to a great variety of strains of mice does not furnish an exception to the theory that transplantability is controlled by genetic factors, since this tumor possesses some characteristics that are more than probably genetic. 2. The phenomenon of the assumption of tissue specificity on the part of the host may possibly be of genetic origin. 3. The evidence suggests that the gonads have some influence on the assumption of tissue specificity on the part of the host. 4. The growth rate of the transplanted tumor may possibly be correlated with the genetic constitution of the host.
Detoxification from alcohol at home managed by general practitioners.
Authors: T Stockwell, E Bolt, J Hooper
Journal: BMJ (1986)

General practitioners have an important role in identifying and responding to problem drinkers, but no study has attempted to document their use of detoxification at home. A questionnaire was mailed to all general practitioners in Exeter Health District (n = 168) that was concerned with how they managed patients who presented with problems related to alcohol. The 145 (86%) responses showed that collectively they were identifying many more cases of problem drinking than any other local treatment agency. Of the estimated 230 patients a year for whom detoxification was arranged, half were managed at home, 40% in a local psychiatric hospital, and 9% in a local general hospital. Of those who were managed at home, 38% were unsupervised, a close relative held the medication for 45%, and 17% were supervised by a nurse. Fifty six percent (81) of doctors favoured chlormethiazole (Heminevrin) treatment, and many (17%) were prepared to prescribe this for longer than 10 days. Three quarters of the respondents thought that there was a need for specialist community services, such as community alcohol teams, to support general practitioners by supervising detoxification at home.
THE UNIVERSAL METHOD OF CLINICAL WRITING BY MEANS OF CLINOGRAPHY.
Authors: V. PENSUTI
Journal: JAMA (1905)

All the medical world feels the necessity of gathering together the clinical histories of the patients in a uniform method, so as to render them easily understood by all, and thus utilize them for increasing medical knowledge. The method which I published a year ago, and which now is known and practiced in the principal centers of Italy, in the hospitals and the ambulances, has been proved by me for many years in the largest number of cases which I have observed in private practice and in the hospitals. I have given the name of "clinography" or "universal method of clinical writing" to my system. It has two objects. The first object is to express the narration of the facts by means of a history in the Latin language, composed of three separate parts: <h3>I. Notœ Subjecti.</h3> —The qualities of the subject, namely, age, sex, profession, heredity, habits, etc. <h3>II. Historia Subjecti.</h3> History of the preceding maladies.
The Journal of William Tully: Medical Student at Dartmouth 1808-1809
Authors: Alvin E. Rodin
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The introductory essay by Dr Hayward provides an orientation to William Tully (1785-1859). After graduation from Yale, he became assistant to a physician, in Hartford, Conn, for 1 1/2 years. He then spent one year at Dartmouth attending lectures, given mostly by Nathan Smith. The essay concludes that Tully had a strong influence on medical education and progress. This is not established in the essay. A foreword by Dr John Fulton states that the major importance of Tully's diary is the intimate view it provides of his teacher, Nathan Smith, who was indeed one of the outstanding physicians and educators of his day. The text, however, provides little orientation to Smith. The journal itself consists of 76 printed pages. The first half is a rather prosaic account of Tully's journey to Hanover and his difficulties in finding suitable lodging. The second half relates activities and interactions with peers and others
Demonstration of the Exact Anatomic Tachycardia Circuit in the Fast-Slow Form of Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
Authors: Hiroshige Yamabe, Yukio Shimasaki, Osamu Honda, Yoshihiro Kimura, Youichi Hokamura
Journal: Circulation (2001)

The tachycardia circuit in the fast-slow form of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (FS-AVNRT) has not been convincingly defined.To define the tachycardia circuit, single extrastimuli were delivered during FS-AVNRT to 9 intra-atrial sites in 12 patients: the His bundle (HB) site; the superior portion of the HB site (S-HB); 3 arbitrarily divided sites on the AV junction extending from the HB site to the coronary sinus ostium (CSOS) (sites S, M, and I); the superior, posterior, and posteroinferior portions of the CSOS (S-CSOS, P-CSOS, and PI-CSOS, respectively); and the CSOS. The inferior portion of coronary sinus ostium (I-CSOS), at which the earliest retrograde activation was observed, was excluded. At each site, the longest coupling interval of the single extrastimulus that reset the tachycardia and the subsequent return cycle was measured. The mean tachycardia cycle length was 370+/-55 ms. The longest coupling intervals at sites S-HB, HB, S, M, I, CSOS, S-CSOS, P-CSOS, and PI-CSOS were 328+/-53, 360+/-55, 358+/-55, 358+/-54, 360+/-55, 338+/-56, 323+/-54, 331+/-56, and 321+/-58 ms, respectively, and the subsequent return cycles were 408+/-58, 371+/-55, 370+/-55, 372+/-56, 370+/-55, 396+/-56, 411+/-60, 405+/-58, and 412+/-59 ms, respectively. The longest coupling intervals at sites HB, S, M, and I were longer than those at S-HB, CSOS, S-CSOS, P-CSOS, and PI-CSOS (P<0.0001). The return cycles at sites HB, S, M, and I did not differ from the tachycardia cycle length, whereas those at CSOS, S-CSOS, P-CSOS, and PI-CSOS were longer than the tachycardia cycle length (P<0.0001).The perinodal atrium extending from the HB site to the I-CSOS is an integral limb of the reentry circuit in FS-AVNRT.
Memes shape brains shape memes
Authors: Susan Blackmore
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract Christiansen &amp; Chater's (C&amp;C's) arguments share with memetics the ideas that language is an evolving organism and that brain capacities shape language by influencing the fitness of memes, although memetics also claims that memes in turn shape brains. Their rejection of meme theory is based on falsely claiming that memes must be consciously selected by sighted watchmakers.
Pilot Study on Liposomal Recombinant Human Superoxide Dismutase for the Treatment of Peyronie&amp;rsquo;s Disease
Authors: Claus R. Riedl, Eugen Plas, Karola Vorauer, Brigitta Vcelar, Andreas Wagner, Heinz Pfl&uuml;ger
Journal: European Urology (2001)
Geographical variations in the supply of domiciliary oxygen.
Authors: B T Williams
Journal: BMJ (1981)

The amounts of oxygen prescribed by general practitioners in each of 90 family practitioner committee areas of England in 1977-9 were compared using data supplied by the Prescription Pricing Authority and were matched with published mortality statistics for these areas. The annual number of 1360-litre cylinders supplied per thousand population ranged among family practitioner committees from 3.3 to 32.5, with a mean for all family practitioner committees of 10.6. Levels of supply were not associated with the degree of urbanisation of the areas and did not correlate with standardised mortality ratios for respiratory diseases. Levels were significantly greater in teaching areas than in non-teaching areas. The rationale for prescribing domiciliary oxygen is ill defined.