tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized Comparison of Eptifibatide Versus Abciximab in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Acute ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Uwe Zeymer, Alain Margenet, Michael Haude, Christoph Bode, Jean-Marc Lablanche, Hubertus Heuer, Rolf Schröder, Stefan Kropff, Ryad Bourkaib, Norbert Banik, Ralf Zahn, Emmanuel Teiger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Neuropsychologic functioning of survivors of childhood medulloblastoma randomized to receive conventional or reduced-dose craniospinal irradiation: a Pediatric Oncology Group study.
Authors: R K Mulhern, J L Kepner, P R Thomas, F D Armstrong, H S Friedman, L E Kun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that survivors of medulloblastoma who were younger at diagnosis and those who received standard-dose cranial irradiation (SRT) of 36 Gy would have a lower performance on standardized tests of cognitive function and achievement than children who were older and those treated with reduced-dose cranial irradiation (RRT) of 23.4 Gy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had been treated on Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) study 8631 for low-risk medulloblastoma that randomized patients to receive RRT or SRT after surgical resection. Those who were alive and free of progressive disease 6.1 to 9.9 years from completion of treatment were eligible for this study. Of the 35 eligible patients, 22 patients (13 SRT, nine RRT) participated in a battery of tests that included intellectual and academic development as well as ratings of health-related quality of life. RESULTS Patients were stratified by treatment group (SRT v RRT) and into younger (Y) and older (O) groups by the median age at diagnosis (8.85 years), which resulted in four groups that we hypothesized would show neuropsychologic test scores in the following order: Y/SRT less than Y/RRT less than O/SRT less than O/RRT. Evidence to support the hypothesized ordering of groups in terms of neuropsychologic toxicity was obtained with regard to Performance Intelligence Quotient (IQ), Full Scale IQ, Attention, Reading, and Arithmetic. CONCLUSION Children treated for medulloblastoma experienced less severe neuropsychologic toxicity when treated with 23.4 Gy instead of 36 Gy cranial irradiation. Older children experienced less toxicity than children who were younger at the time of irradiation.
Does Colonoscopy Work?
Authors: David G. Hewett, Charles J. Kahi, Douglas K. Rex
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2010)

Through its impact on the adenoma-carcinoma sequence, colonoscopy has a central role in the detection and prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). Observational data support a protective effect of colonoscopy and polypectomy on CRC incidence and mortality. However, recent studies suggest that the degree of CRC protection afforded by colonoscopy is dependent on the effectiveness of identification of prevalent cancers or their precursors, particularly in the proximal colon. Biologic variation in tumor genetics and growth likely contribute to diminished protection in the proximal colon. Operator variability is known to be a key factor predicting adenoma detection. Evidence supports the immediate adoption of specific quality improvement initiatives to reduce the failure rate of colonoscopy. Further interventions should target individual, organizational, and health system factors which influence physician behavior.
Prediction of exercise capacity using impulse oscillation system in patients with COPD
Authors: Naoko Yoshii, Hiroshi Kanazawa, Kazuhiro Yamada, Fumihiro Nagayasu, Naoki Ijiri, Gakuya Tamagaki, Yumiko Imahashi, Yoshihiro Tochino, Asai Kazuhisa, Hiroshi Kamoi, Kazuto Hirata
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background   Exercise intolerance is frequently observed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the reduced exercise capacity primarily contributes to result in the disability in activities of daily living in these patients. The six-minute walk test (6MWT) is generally used to assess exercise capacity in COPD patients. Recently, impulse oscillometry system (IOS) is used to measure lung resistance and reactance separately. This study was designed to determine whether IOS is useful to predict exercise capacity in COPD patients.   Methods   Fifty-one COPD patients (46 men and 5 women; mean age 72.8±8.6 years; GOLD stageIn=8; stageIIn=21; stageIIIn=20; stageIVn=2) were included in this study. 6MWT and IOS were performed in all subjects.   Results   We could not find the significant correlation between six-minute walk distance and any parameters in IOS. Though R20 (Resistance at 20Hz) was not also significantly correlated with any parameters in IOS, R5 (Resistance at 5Hz) was significantly correlated with the maximal decrease in SpO2 (ΔSpO2) with exercise alone. However, X5 (Reactance at 5Hz), Fres (Resonant Frequency) and AX (Reactance area 5Hz-Fres), which are parameters in IOS indicating lung reactance, were closely correlated with both ΔSpO2 and maximal increase in Borg scale with exercise.   Conclusions   Parameters of lung reactance in IOS are significantly correlated with oxygen desaturation and dyspnea sensation with exercise. These results suggest that IOS may be useful for predicting reduced exercise capacity in COPD patients.
Obstructive nephropathy as a result of retroperitoneal fibrosis: a review of its pathogenesis and associations.
Authors: T M Demko, J R Diamond, J Groff
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1997)

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare disease, typically with an insidious clinical course. It is thought that this disease process is perhaps an exaggerated reaction to an inciting inflammatory event. In this study, a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis is reported, in which the patient presented with typical symptoms of retroperitoneal fibrosis, along with some atypical vasculitic symptomatology. Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a disease process with an unknown etiology, which has been observed to be associated with a number of different possible inciting factors. Two factors that have been documented in the literature as being associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis include the use of beta-blocking agents, and connective tissue disease processes such as systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient discussed was using beta-blocker medication and also had signs and symptoms suggestive of a lupus syndrome. There are no reported cases of the combined association of beta-blocker usage, lupus, and retroperitoneal fibrosis.
Phase II trial of outpatient interleukin-2 in malignant lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and selected solid tumors.
Authors: M A Allison, S E Jones, P McGuffey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

High-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) with or without lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells has been reported to have activity in certain solid tumors, but toxicity has usually required hospitalization for administration. The purpose of this trial was to determine the antineoplastic effect and toxicity of IL-2 administered at a lower dose in an outpatient setting. Eligibility criteria included measurable disease, Karnofsky performance greater than or equal to 70%, age greater than 18 years, and adequate bone marrow, renal, and hepatic function. The median age of 35 patients was 56 years (range, 20 to 75). Diagnoses included malignant lymphoma (ML), (nine patients), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) (eight), melanoma (eight), colorectal cancer (six), renal cancer (two), and breast cancer (two). The initial 18 patients were treated with 1 mg/m2 (3 x 10(6) U/m2 intravenous [IV] bolus) for five days every other week for a total of 4 treatment weeks (8 weeks total). The subsequent 17 patients were treated with 0.5 mg/m2 (1.5 x 10(6) U/m2). All patients were evaluable for toxicity, and 26 for tumor response. Toxicities included fatigue (71%), nausea (69%), hypotension (54%), fever (51%), chills (40%), weight gain (37%), pruritus or rash (31%), dyspnea (14%), azotemia (6%), confusion (6%), thrombocytopenia (6%), and myocardial infarction (3%). Four patients died from apparently unrelated causes within the first 2 weeks of treatment. Treatment was discontinued before the completion of 8 weeks of treatment because of progressive disease (12 patients), severe hypotension (three), azotemia (one), myocardial infarction (one), early death (four), and miscellaneous causes (two). IL-2 at 1 mg/m2 IV for five days is associated with moderate toxicity, but a dose of 0.5 mg/m2 is tolerable for outpatient administration. Three partial responses (PR) and one minor response (MR) lasting 1 to 17+ months have been observed in 12 patients with ML and CLL evaluable for response. One additional MR was observed in a patient with melanoma. IL-2 deserves further study in patients with ML and CLL.
CD4+ T cells, but not non-classical monocytes, are dispensable for the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the TCL1-tg murine model
Authors: T Kocher, D Asslaber, N Zaborsky, S Flenady, U Denk, P Reinthaler, M Ablinger, R Geisberger, J W Bauer, M Seiffert, T N Hartmann, R Greil, A Egle, J Piñón Hofbauer
Journal: Leukemia (2015)

CD4+ T cells, but not non-classical monocytes, are dispensable for the development of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in the TCL1-tg murine model
Treatment effect of inhaled prolonged bronchodilator therapy (IPBT) combined with inhaled glucocorticosteroids (IGCS) on respiratory symptoms and external respiratory function in MDR pulmonary TB patients with broncho-obstructive syndrome (BOS)
Authors: Galina Kuklina, Vladimir Romanov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim: to study treatment effect of IPBT combined with IGCS on respiratory symptoms and external respiratory function in MDR pulmonary TB patients with BOS.  Methods:  We studied treatment effect of IPBT combined with IGCS on respiratory symptoms of 44 MDR pulmonary TB patients with BOS: fibrotico-cavernous tuberculosis 16 patients, disseminated tuberculosis 8 patients, caseous pneumonia 6 patients, infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis with cavities 14 patients. All patients were treated by standard TB chemotherapy on the base of WHO recommendations.  All patients were treated by one dose of 50/500 mcg of combined IGCS (including prolonged beta2-agonist-salmeterol and fluticasone propionate) twice a day during one month. Then this drug was not used during 5 months. Treatment effect was evaluated, first, at the beginning of the treatment and then at the end of treatment by this drug and, last, in 6 months, at the end of study. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated by 5-mark grading system and cumulative index (CI). FEV1 was shown in percents out of standard indications.  Results: We found that the use of combined bronchodilators CI decreased per 24.3% and dyspnea decreased per 37.5% during one month. And during the next 5 months CI decreased only per 10.3% and dyspnea per 13.3%. FEV1 increased from 63.3% to 85.4% during one month of inhaled broncholityc combined with IGCS use.  Conclusion: IPBT combined with IGCS significantly prompts dyspnea decrease and respiratory symptoms expression and, at the same time, it prompts FEV1 increase.
SUDDEN DEATH DUE TO TRANSLUMBAR AORTOGRAPHY
Authors: BOHDAN J. KOSZEWSKI, M.D., WILLIAM J. REEDY, M.D., FRANK IWERSON, M.D.
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1958)

ExcerptTranslumbar aortography has received wide recognition. The introduction of water-soluble contrast media has made it relatively safe, and even high doses of dye seem usually to be well tolerated. A fatality caused by an intra-aortic injection of radiopaque dye is here reported. The incidence of complications in aortography will be reviewed.CASE REPORTThe patient, a 68 year old white male, was hospitalized in April, 1956, because of intermittent claudication in the right hip. Six months previously, following a golf match, he had experienced an acute episode of aching, nagging pain in the right hip and the posterior aspect of...
Tidal Volume during Assisted Ventilation after Double-Lung Transplantation
Authors: Hadrien Rozé, Lise Piquilloud, Jean Christophe Marie Richard, Jacques Jougon, Claire Dromer, Alain Mercat, Alexandre Ouattara, Laurent Brochard
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

The rate of lung transplants is increasing, and these patients frequently develop respiratory complications necessitating mechanical ventilation (1). When treating these patients, the risks of mechanical ventilation constitute an important concern, and clinicians aim to simultaneously protect the lung while avoiding ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction by maintaining spontaneous breathing. Targeting the ideal VT for each patient is challenging. According to the underlying lung disease of the recipient and his or her previous total lung capacity (TLC), the size of the transplanted lungs may differ from the theoretical TLC based on height. Actual TLC can vary considerably from one transplanted patient to the next and is poorly correlated with height (2). Furthermore, bipulmonary transplanted patients have denervated lungs without vagal afferent fibers. As a consequence, some feedback mechanisms necessary for control of breathing may be lacking, which can result in large VT, as shown in animals (3) and during exercise in lung-transplanted patients (4). Neurally adjusted ventilatory assist (NAVA) is a mode of ventilation that delivers support in proportion to diaphragmatic electrical activity, the latter being a direct expression of neural inspiratory activity (5). Over a certain range of assist, the patient is able to fully control his or her VT, which is not the case with traditional modes of assist. We analyzed VT in patients ventilated with NAVA after bilateral lung transplantation. We compared these volumes with nontransplanted patients at a similar stage of difficult weaning, using the same approach to titrate NAVA. In addition, we examined the relationship between the patient’s VT under NAVA and their most recent TLC.
Effects of smoking of cigarettes smoking on the parameters estimated at monitoring of the Holter monitoring ECG
Authors: Tatyana Levina, Krasnova Julia
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The aim - To study the influence of tobacco smoking on cardiovascular parameters on the Holter monitoring ECG.

Materials and methods: 100 smoking were examined (an index of smoking 5 packs/years). The mean age was 42,77,5 years. The males was 18% and the females was 82%. All patients were on Holter 24-hour ECG monitoring. The acute tests were carried out: the first one was smoking 1 cigarette, then after 24 hours the second test was smoking 2 cigarettes. The parameters were studied before and after smoking one and two cigarettes: heart rate (HR), frequency of ventricular and of supraventricular extrasystoles, the dynamics of ST segment. As a criterion of myocardial ischaemia during Holter monitoring ST segment depression of 1 mm and more, lasting 1 minute and more, and 0.08 of J point was accepted.

Results: Supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles were more often after smoking one and two cigarettes. After smoking of cigarettes there was an increase 5 times supraventricular extrasystoles and 1.8 times ventricular extrasystoles. HR before smoking cigarettes were 78,8±13,0; one minute after smoking one cigarette it was 94,5 ± 13,9 (p<0,01), after two minutes –88,0±12,2 (p<0,01); one minute after smoking two cigarettes it was 98,1±14,5 (p<0,01), after two minutes –89,8±15,2 (p<0,01), after three minutes–83,1±12,9 (p<0,03). We observed 3 episodes of myocardial ischaemia after smoking one cigarettes and 4 episodes of myocardial ischaemia after smoking two cigarettes of which all were asymtomatic.

Conclusion: Tobacco smoking can cause significant changes of cardiovascular parameters. The smoking of 2 cigarettes gives more distinctive changes in cardiovascular parameters.
Impact of Long-Term Filter Cigarette Usage on Lung and Larynx Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study2
Authors: Ernst L. Wynder, Steven D. Stellman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Impact of Long-Term Filter Cigarette Usage on Lung and Larynx Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study Get access Ernst L. Wynder, M.D., Ernst L. Wynder, M.D. 3Division of Epidemiology, Naylor Dana Institute for Disease Prevention, American Health Foundation, 320 East 43d St., New York, N.Y. 10017. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Steven D. Stellman, Ph.D. Steven D. Stellman, Ph.D. 4Division of Biostatistics, Naylor Dana Institute for Disease Prevention. 5We thank Mr. Harland Austin and Ms. Nancy Saphier for excellent statistical and programming assistance. We also acknowledge the contributions of the following institutions and individuals—New York, N.Y.: Memorial Hospital, Dr. E. Beattie; Mount Sinai Medical Center, Dr. Sheldon Kupfer; Manhattan Veterans Administration Hospital, Dr. Charles Rednor and Dr. Norton Spritz; Francis Delafield Hospital, Ms. Esther Austin; Metropolitan Hospital, Dr. Sigmunde Hirsche; St. Luke's Hospital, Ms. Evelyn Peck. Miami, Fla.: Miami Veterans Hospital and University of Miami Hospital Center, Dr. George Baum. Birmingham, Ala.: University Hospital, Dr. Peter B. Peacock. Houston, Tex.: M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute, Dr. Rulon W. Rawson. Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California at Los Angeles Hospital, Dr. Lester Breslow. New Orleans, La.: Veterans Administration Hospital and Charity Hospital, Dr. Alton Ochsner. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 62, Issue 3, March 1979, Pages 471–477, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/62.3.471 Published: 01 March 1979 Article history Received: 29 March 1978 Accepted: 03 September 1978 Published: 01 March 1979
Polydipsia and hyponatremia in psychiatric patients
Authors: B P Illowsky, D G Kirch
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Many psychiatric patients have polydipsia and polyuria without identifiable underlying medical causes. Hyponatremia develops in some polydipsic patients and can progress to water intoxication with such symptoms as confusion, lethargy, psychosis, and seizures or death. This syndrome is sometimes called "compulsive water drinking," "psychogenic polydipsia," and "self-induced water intoxication." Although the underlying pathophysiology of the syndrome is unclear, several factors have been implicated in producing polydipsia and symptomatic hyponatremia. These include a possible hypothalamic defect, the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH), and neuroleptic medication. Evaluation of psychiatric patients with polydipsia includes a search for other medical causes of polydipsia, polyuria, hyponatremia, and SIADH. Treatment modalities currently available include fluid restriction and medications.
Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, Version 2.2014
Authors: Peter F. Coccia, Alberto S. Pappo, Jessica Altman, Smita Bhatia, Scott C. Borinstein, Joseph Flynn, A. Lindsay Frazier, Suzanne George, Robert Goldsby, Robert Hayashi, Mary S. Huang, Rebecca H. Johnson, Lynda Kwon Beaupin, Michael P. Link, Kevin C. Oeffinger, Kathleen M. Orr, Damon Reed, Holly L. Spraker, Deborah A. Thomas, Margaret von Mehren, Daniel S. Wechsler, Kimberly F. Whelan, Brad Zebrack, Dorothy A. Shead, Hema Sundar
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2014)

The NCCN Guidelines Insights on Adolescent and Young Adult (AYA) Oncology discuss the fertility and endocrine issues that are relevant to the management of AYA patients with cancer. Fertility preservation should be an essential part in the treatment of AYA patients with cancer. The NCCN Guidelines recommend discussion of fertility preservation and contraception before the start of treatment. Oophoropexy and embryo cryopreservation are the 2 established options for fertility preservation in women. Semen cryopreservation before the start of treatment is the most reliable and well-established method of preserving fertility in men. AYA women with cancer also have unique contraception needs, depending on the type of cancer, its treatment, and treatment-related complications. Management of cancer during pregnancy poses significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges for both the patient and the physician. AYA women diagnosed with cancer during pregnancy require individualized treatment from a multidisciplinary team involving medical, surgical, radiation, and gynecologic oncologists; obstetricians; and perinatologists.
Self-Reported Depression and Suicide Attempts Among U.S. Women Physicians
Authors: Erica Frank, Arden D. Dingle
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

OBJECTIVE: Studies examining suicide rates for U.S. women physicians and other U.S. women have found odds ratios as high as 4 to 1. Although such reports are controversial and are based on small groups (N=17 to 49 suicides), they are often cited as evidence of a high prevalence of psychopathology among women physicians. METHOD: The authors used the results of the Women Physicians' Health Study (N=4,501), a large, nationally distributed questionnaire, to assess the lifetime prevalence of self-identified depression and suicide attempts among U.S. women physicians. RESULTS: An estimated 1.5% (N=61) of U.S. women physicians have attempted suicide, and 19.5% (N=808) have a history of depression. Those who were born in the United States, were not Asian, had histories of cigarette smoking, alcohol abuse or dependence, sexual abuse, domestic violence, poor current mental health, more severe harassment, or a family history of psychiatric disorders were significantly more likely to report suicide attempts or depression. Depression was more common among those who were not partnered, were childless, had a household gun, had more stress at home, drank alcohol, had worse health, or had a history of obesity, chronic fatigue syndrome, substance abuse, an eating disorder, or another psychiatric disorder and among those who reported working too much, career dissatisfaction, less control at work, and high job stress. Strata reporting higher rates of depression tended to show higher (although usually nonsignificant) rates of suicide attempts. CONCLUSIONS: Depression is approximately as common among U.S. women physicians as among other U.S. women, but suicide attempts may be fewer. A number of conditions may help identify women physicians at high risk for suicide attempts and depression.
Using Whole-Exome Sequencing to Identify Genetic Markers for Carboplatin and Gemcitabine-Induced Toxicities
Authors: Henrik Gréen, Johanna Hasmats, Ilya Kupershmidt, Daniel Edsgärd, Luigi de Petris, Rolf Lewensohn, Fiona Blackhall, Svante Vikingsson, Benjamin Besse, Andrea Lindgren, Eva Brandén, Hirsh Koyi, Curt Peterson, Joakim Lundeberg
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Chemotherapies are associated with significant interindividual variability in therapeutic effect and adverse drug reactions. In lung cancer, the use of gemcitabine and carboplatin induces grade 3 or 4 myelosuppression in about a quarter of the patients, while an equal fraction of patients is basically unaffected in terms of myelosuppressive side effects. We therefore set out to identify genetic markers for gemcitabine/carboplatin-induced myelosuppression.