tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Revenue Investment in Biomedical Research
Authors: Marjorie A. Bowman, Arthur H. Rubenstein, Arthur S. Levine
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Increasing an academic health system's research productivity is an institutional challenge that requires multiple complex actions over a sustained period of time. In this Commentary, we describe how 2 academic health systems with different organizational structures used similar models of investment of clinical income in the research enterprise to enhance their success. This strategy assumes enhanced urgency in the current climate of flat National Institutes of Health (NIH) budgets. In 2006, NIH experienced its first budget cut since 1970, resulting in a 13% loss of research purchasing power since 2003, while grant applications have doubled since 1998.1 The level of NIH support remains one of the few objective benchmarks by which an academic health system can evaluate its academic and research success. Unlike reputational rankings, the NIH process is the only nationally competitive, peer-reviewed metric available.
On a Rare Form of Injury of the Leg
Authors: R. Quain
Journal: BMJ (1867)

remember, when practising in London, and meeting the late Dr. Merri- man, that he told me of an infant of three months dying from the effects of two drops of laudanum ; but here, gentlemen, I hear of infants so educated to it, if I may say so, that they give them doses of Godfrey and laudanum that perfectly stagger all my preconceived notions.Can we
Erythromycin Therapy Twice Daily for Streptococcal Pharyngitis
Authors: Ronald M. Shapera
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Oral therapy with erythromycin estolate twice daily was compared with the following: oral therapy with erythromycin four times daily, penicillin G phenoxymethyl four times daily, and intramuscular administration of penicillin benzathine. In 153 patients (including 128 children) with group A streptococcal pharyngitis, the bacteriologic cure rates were 94%, 91% and 94%, respectively, with the first three regimens, and 97% with penicillin benzathine. Erythromycin given orally twice daily appeared to be as effective as the other oral regimens studied.
HOUSE ORGAN THERAPEUTICS
Authors: Paul E. Bechet
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —My mail is frequently cluttered with pseudo-scientific data from various manufacturers of proprietary remedies which contain as much real scientific information as the<i>Police Gazette</i>. I am enclosing a sample page of such a periodical. The article has been so cleverly worded in the first paragraph, as to impress the unthinking with the idea that sodium cacodylate is superior to arsphenamin, when we know in reality that sodium cacodylate has been proved practically worthless in syphilis (<i>vide</i>"Venarsen"). One case is reported, in which twenty injections of sodium cacodylate were administered intravenously, from October 23 to December 14. On December 18, a Wassermann test proved negative, it had been strongly positive on October 20, but during the same interval from October 23 to December 14, the patient had been taking by mouth "Ricord pills" each containing half a grain of yellow iodid of mercury; granted that he
IMMOBILIZATION OF THE UPPER THORAX
Authors: Hugo O. Altnow
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The practitioner usually does not attempt to immobilize the upper chest, by adhesive tape, in pleuritic inflammation or injury, because he believes that it cannot be effectively accomplished. I entertained this idea for some time. A few years ago, while reading C. F. Hoover's article in "Oxford Medicine" on "The Respiratory Excursion of the Thorax," I hit upon the simple and effective method here described. The physiologic principle involved is taken from the article mentioned: "The mecnanism for the ventilation of the anterior or upper lobes is provided for by the scaleni and the intercostal muscles. The scaleni anchor the first rib, and the intercostals, each in turn, elevate the rib below. This elevating movement occurs from the first to the fourth rib, inclusive, and provides for the ventilation of the upper lobes. In the ribs below, the inspiratory elevation is greatly accentuated by the lateral
Dextran vs Heparin in Thrombophlebitis
Authors: Victor Gurewich
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The effectiveness of anticoagulants in the treatment of venous thrombosis and embolism has been clearly established by a number of well-controlled clinical and experimental studies. The recent advocacy of dextran as an alternate and possibly superior mode of therapy in this disease therefore requires especially careful evaluation. In the March 1 issue ofThe Journal(<b>191</b>:740-742) Sawyer and associates present their interesting observations on "Dextran Therapy in Thrombophlebitis," on which we would like to comment. The classification of "nonembolic thrombophlebitis" seems to us a particularly treacherous one since pulmonary emboli are notoriously difficult to diagnose and their incidence at autopsy so far exceeds the most sophisticated clinical awareness. In practice, it therefore seems more reasonable and perhaps safer to consider every case of deep venous thrombosis as an example of "venous thromboembolic disease." This implies that therapy must be evaluated on the basis of its effect
Molecular Mechanisms of Bone Metastasis and Associated Muscle Weakness
Authors: David L. Waning, Theresa A. Guise
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Bone is a preferred site for breast cancer metastasis and leads to pathologic bone loss due to increased osteoclast-induced bone resorption. The homing of tumor cells to the bone depends on the support of the bone microenvironment in which the tumor cells prime the premetastatic niche. The colonization and growth of tumor cells then depend on adaptations in the invading tumor cells to take advantage of normal physiologic responses by mimicking bone marrow cells. This concerted effort by tumor cells leads to uncoupled bone remodeling in which the balance of osteoclast-driven bone resorption and osteoblast-driven bone deposition is lost. Breast cancer bone metastases often lead to osteolytic lesions due to hyperactive bone resorption. Release of growth factors from bone matrix during resorption then feeds a “vicious cycle” of bone destruction leading to many skeletal-related events. In addition to activity in bone, some of the factors released during bone resorption are also known to be involved in skeletal muscle regeneration and contraction. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms that lead to osteolytic breast cancer bone metastases and the potential for cancer-induced bone-muscle cross-talk leading to skeletal muscle weakness. Clin Cancer Res; 20(12); 3071–7. ©2014 AACR.
An Antibody Cytotoxic to Megakaryocyte Progenitor Cells in a Patient with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Ronald Hoffman, Sara Zaknoen, Hsin H. Yang, Edward Bruno, Albert F. LoBuglio, Janet B. Arrowsmith, Joseph T. Prchal
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is a syndrome characterized by bleeding due to a reduced number of platelets and normal or increased numbers of marrow megakaryocytes. The thrombocytopenia in this disorder is due to IgG antibodies that are directed against platelet antigens. The presence of these antibodies eventually results in platelet destruction by the reticuloendothelial system.1 , 2 McKenna and Pisciotta3 and McMillan and co-workers4 have provided evidence that these antibodies also react with marrow megakaryocytes. The effect of these antibodies on in vivo thrombopoiesis, however, is unknown. Harker5 and Branehög et al.6 have found that platelet turnover is increased in idiopathic thrombocytopenic . . .
The mechanism of biliary excretion of α1-acid glycoprotein in the rat: Evidence for a molecular weight-dependent, nonreceptor-mediated pathway
Authors: Peter Thomas, Carol A. Toth, Norman Zamcheck
Journal: Hepatology (1982)

The transport of human α 1 –acid glycoprotein from the circulation to the bile has been studied in the rat. Biliary excretion was proportional to the i.v. injected dose, and the percentage excreted remained constant. The amount excreted in the bile (over 4 hr) was inversely related to the rate of hepatic (hepatocyte) uptake and the galactose receptor which is specific for asialo glycoproteins was not involved. Reinjection of the glycoprotein excreted in bile resulted in a similar proportion of the dose being reexcreted, suggesting that a subset of the glycoprotein is not selected for excretion in bile. Transit times from blood to bile for glucagon, insulin, α 1 –acid glycoprotein, fetuin, albumin, and carcinoembryonic antigen were directly related to their molecular weights. Removal of sialic acid from the asialo glycoproteins did not affect these transit times. Possible mechanisms for the biliary excretion of α 1 –acid glycoprotein are discussed.
BLOOD FIBRIN IN UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OBSTRUCTION
Authors: Russell L. Haden, Thomas G. Orr
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

After high gastrointestinal tract obstruction the blood fibrin increases rapidly. The change is more marked in animals with obstruction of the cardiac end of the stomach. The rise in fibrin parallels closely the toxemia characteristic of such conditions. These results indicate that liver insufficiency cannot be the cause of death in such obstructions.
The Physician as an Educated Person-Reply
Authors: Paul S. Rhoads
Journal: JAMA (1983)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> In all of the previous letters there seems to be recognition that changes in medical education are occurring. I was aware that innovations in both medical student selection and shifts in curriculum were being made in many more schools than those cited in my commentary. I was not aware, however, that the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine was offering a combined program leading to both baccalaureate and medical degrees to applicants directly from high school. The plan seems well conceived. I am sympathetic with the problems stated and inferred in the last two letters. Unlike most students, Mr Harper is asking for even more direction from both premedical and medical faculties as to what to study and how to do it, without too much soul-searching on his part to determine his ultimate goals. In his example of treating a bricklayer with a slipped disk, he indulges
The Action of Benzol, Roentgen-Rays and Radium On the Blood and Blood-Forming Organs
Authors: EDWIN E. OSGOOD
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

Article1 December 1932The Action of Benzol, Roentgen-Rays and Radium On the Blood and Blood-Forming OrgansEDWIN E. OSGOOD, M.D.EDWIN E. OSGOOD, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-6-6-771 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis paper is based on a review of over 1200 articles. This review, made in collaboration with Dr. Laurence Selling, is to be published in "The Handbook of Morphological Hematology", P. B. Hoeber, Inc., and may be consulted for bibliography and detailed observations. Only the more clinically significant inductions with some suggestions for therapy derived from these inductions will be presented here.It is well known that benzene, arsphenamines, radio-active substances, and roentgen-rays will, under certain conditions, produce the clinical picture of aplastic anemia. The other hematologic syndromes which may be produced are less well known. These syndromes include agranulocytosis,... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: EDWIN E. OSGOOD, M.D.Affiliations: Portland, OregonRead before the San Francisco Meeting of the American College of Physicians, April 8, 1932. From the University of Oregon Medical School. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBenzol and the blood pictureDie funktionell-pathologischen Beziehungen zwischen aplastischer Anämie und akuten LeukämienAMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION YEAR BOOK 1934-1935 1 December 1932Volume 6, Issue 6Page: 771-774KeywordsAplastic anemiaBloodHematology and oncology ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1932 PDF downloadLoading ...
APOPLEXY OF KIDNEY BED
Authors: Andrew Bonthius
Journal: JAMA (1931)

Raye, in 1839, first reported a case of spontaneous perirenal hemorrhage. Wunderlick, in 1846, who was the second to report a case, called it apoplexy of the kidney bed. There have been sixty-two cases reported since then, very few of which were correctly diagnosed preoperatively or ante mortem. Following is the report of another case: A woman, aged 55, 5 feet 8 inches (173 cm.) tall, weighing 200 pounds (91 Kg.), a widow working as a domestic up to the onset of the present illness, had enjoyed good health previous to 1923. In that year, she had had a panhysterectomy with complete recovery, and later influenza. In 1924 she had extensive burns of the arms, hands, face and dorsal surface of the trunk, and was in a hospital thirty-five days. She apparently completely recovered. In 1925 she had a cholecystectomy and an appendectomy; during convalescence, albumin and granular casts were
Metabolic Defects and Immunodeficiency Disorders
Authors: Rochelle Hirschhorn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1983)

In this issue of the Journal, Girot et al. report the occurrence of impaired immune function in two siblings with hereditary orotic aciduria.1 This observation serves to focus attention on the growing evidence that many of the various abnormalities of immunity may result from inherited metabolic defects in pathways that are not unique to lymphoid cells.The current classification of primary immunodeficiency disorders rests on the concept that these disorders represent blocks at different steps in the differentiation of immunocompetent cells.2 Thus, simply stated, there is a common stem cell that is capable of differentiation along either of two pathways. . . .
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Authors: Henry Masur, Ezekiel Emanuel, H. Clifford Lane
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Glycemia and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Mayer B. Davidson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2005)

Letters1 February 2005Glycemia and Risk for Cardiovascular DiseaseMayer B. Davidson, MDMayer B. Davidson, MDFrom Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-142-3-200502010-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Although glycemia is certainly associated with cardiovascular disease, correlation does not necessarily bestow causation. In his editorial, “Glycosylated Hemoglobin: Finally Ready for Prime Time as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor” (1), Dr. Gerstein stated that “the glycosylated hemoglobin level is an independent progressive risk factor for incident cardiovascular events, regardless of diabetes status.” That may be, but glycemia is not an independent risk factor when the other risk factors for cardiovascular disease are taken into account (2, 3). Furthermore, none of the 5 prospective studies that have evaluated the effect of lowering glycemia on cardiovascular disease, analyzed either ...References1. Gerstein HC. Glycosylated hemoglobin: finally ready for prime time as a cardiovascular risk factor [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2004;141:475-6. [PMID: 15381522] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Stern MP, Fatehi P, Williams K, Haffner SM. Predicting future cardiovascular disease: do we need the oral glucose tolerance test? Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1851-6. [PMID: 12351490] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Meigs JB, Nathan DM, D'Agostino RB, Wilson PW. Fasting and postchallenge glycemia and cardiovascular disease risk: the Framingham Offspring Study. Diabetes Care. 2002;25:1845-50. [PMID: 12351489] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Wild SH, Dunn CJ, McKeigue PM, Comte S. Glycemic control and cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: a review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 1999;15:197-204. [PMID: 10441042] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Huang ES, Meigs JB, Singer DE. The effect of interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 2001;111:633-42. [PMID: 11755507] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Charles R. Drew University, Los Angeles, CA 90059. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGlycosylated Hemoglobin: Finally Ready for Prime Time as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor Hertzel C. Gerstein Glycemia and Risk for Cardiovascular Disease Hertzel C. Gerstein Metrics 1 February 2005Volume 142, Issue 3Page: 227KeywordsCardiovascular disease riskCardiovascular diseasesHemoglobinMedical risk factorsProspective studies ePublished: 1 February 2005 Issue Published: 1 February 2005 CopyrightCopyright © 2005 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
THE LIMITATIONS OF SURGICAL OPERATIONS AS A MEANS OF RELIEF OR CURE IN EPILEPSY.
Authors: THOMAS H. MANLEY
Journal: JAMA (1895)

During the past two decades, or the last quarter of the nineteenth century, a vast change has been wrought in the principles governing surgical operations; the use of the microscope has sapped the very foundations of pathology which was taught as late as the early 70's, and in that short space of time, we have witnessed the birth and death of many theories which were advanced with the force of dogmatic emphasis. In short, our age is one of theories and it would seem that in spite of the scientific foundation which modern medicine is supposed to rest on, our position is anything but fixed and definite, and, never, probably at any time, was the profession more eager to test the efficacy of any therapeutic agency, provided only that its source was from those recognized as authorities. Our bent is essentially materialistic, and we are endeavoring to wring from nature
Overexpression of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor in the Brain Markedly Inhibits Amyloid Deposition and Increases Extracellular Aβ Clearance
Authors: Jungsu Kim, Joseph M. Castellano, Hong Jiang, Jacob M. Basak, Maia Parsadanian, Vi Pham, Stephanie M. Mason, Steven M. Paul, David M. Holtzman
Journal: Neuron (2009)
NI-49 * SMART SUCKER: NEXT GENERATION SMART SURGICAL TOOL FOR INTRAOPERATIVE BRAIN TUMOR RESECTION USING TIME RESOLVED LASER INDUCED FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: D. S. Kittle, P. V. Butte, F. Vasefi, C. G. Patil, K. Black
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

Primary brain tumors are highly lethal tumors where surgical resection is the primary treatment of choice. It has been shown that survival rate is directly related to the extent of tumor resection. In order to aid the surgeon in achieving near-complete resection, novel technologies are required. Time-resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLIFS) promises to be one such technology, where the tissue is excited using an ultra-short laser and the corresponding fluorescence intensity decay is captured. Based on the fluorescence spectrum and the decay characteristics at various color bands from TRLIFS, differentiation of tumor from the normal brain tissue is possible in real-time. We built a portable TRLIFS system using custom optics and hardware (laser excitation: 355nm, 400ps pulse width, 5 uJ/pulse; PMT detector: Photek, rise time 80 picoseconds; digitizer: 7 Giga-samples per second) which is capable of providing the results in real time (every 50 milliseconds). We have designed a custom probe which is attached to a Roton sucker "Smart sucker" to collect the data during surgical resection from patients at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center. The histopathological diagnosis of the site under study with TRLIFS is confirmed with a biopsy and H-E staining. We will present our preliminary data from human brain tumor samples collected in-vivo. Our preliminary study shows that TRLIFS is capable of classifying low grade tumors with high sensitivity and specificity. This study will also demonstrate the potential of using the TRLIFS system to enhance the surgical instrumentation, aiding surgeons in near-complete excision of tumors and bringing these instruments into the next generation of smart tools.
A Double-Blind, Controlled Study of Lymphoplasmapheresis versus Sham Apheresis in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Daniel Wallace, Dennis Goldfinger, Cheryl Lowe, Sharon Nichols, John Weiner, Michael Brachman, James R. Klinenberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

THE techniques of selective plasma exchange or lymphocyte removal, accomplished with the use of automated blood separators, have been postulated as being effective in a variety of disease states. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most commonly occurring disorder for which evidence suggests a beneficial effect of therapeutic apheresis. Up to 10 per cent of the 7 million Americans with rheumatoid arthritis have active, progressively deforming disease despite interventions with powerful and toxic remittive agents. Lymphoplasmapheresis, plasmapheresis, and lymphapheresis have been reported to be effective in patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis.1 2 3 4 5 The idea that lymphocyte depletion would ameliorate rheumatoid arthritis stems from . . .
Sirolimus-eluting stent or intracoronary brachytherapy to treat in-stent restenosis
Authors: Fausto Feres, Juan S. Munoz, Alexandre A. Abizaid, Rodolfo Staico, Luiz A. Mattos, Galo Maldonado, Marinella Centamero, Luiz F. Tanajura, Aurea J. Chaves, Ibraim Pinto, Andrea S. Abizaid, Amanda Sousa, Jose Eduardo M. Sousa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
TICAGRELOR VERSUS CLOPIDOGREL IN WOMEN WITH ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES &amp;ndash; A SUBSTUDY FROM THE PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED PLATELET INHIBITION AND PATIENT OUTCOMES (PLATO) TRIAL
Authors: Steen Husted, Stefan James, Richard Becker, Jay Horrow, Hugo Katus, Robert Storey, Christopher Cannon, Magda Heras, Renato Lopes, Joao Morais, Kenneth Mahaffey, Richard Bach, Daniel Wojdyla, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Games without frontiers
Authors: Naomi Marks
Journal: BMJ (2006)

For those promoting peace, the world of videogames might seem one to give as wide a berth as possible.

More often than not encouraging players to indulge in fast paced, point scoring action and see the world from one perspective only, videogames have a seemingly deserved reputation for fostering a war mongering and violent mind set in the young people who find them so compelling. Certainly, this entertainment medium seems inherently at odds with the world of conflict resolution—where the slower the pace, the greater the ability to see the world through others' eyes, …