tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) restores angiogenesis in the airway lamina propria of current smokers with COPD: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sukhwinder Singh Sohal, Amir Soltani, David Reid, Hans Konrad Muller, Richard Wood-Baker, Eugene Haydn Walters
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction:  We have previously reported that in smokers with COPD, compared with non-smoking controls, the bronchial mucosa in larger airways is hyper-vascular in the reticular basement membrane (Rbm) and epithelium, but hypo-vascular in the lamina propria (LP), Rbm vessels stained for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were increased. Rbm hyper-vascularity may be related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a likely pre-cancerous condition.   Objective:  To examine the effect of inhaled FP on changes in blood vessels in endobronchial biopsies (Ebb) from COPD patients.   Methods:  This study derived from a double-blinded randomised controlled trial in 34 subjects to compare the effect of inhaled FP (0.5 mg twice daily for 6 months) versus placebo on vascular remodelling in mild to moderate COPD (median age 61 years old, 17 current smokers). Ebb, before and after treatment, were stained with anti-factor VIII antibody, VEGF and TGF-β1.   Results:  There was a strong trend for increase in the number of LP vessels per mm 2  with ICS, but not with placebo [median (range) 289 (158-585) before vs. 386 (213-444) after ICS, p = 0.08 and 277 (200-641) before vs. 295 (173-377) after placebo, p = 0.5]. This ICS effect was significant in current smoking COPD [median (range) 219 (158-437) before vs. 356 (213-413) after ICS, p    Conclusions : Inhaled FP has the potential to restore angiogenic activity in LP to normal in current smokers with COPD, but no anti-angiogenic activity in the Rbm.
Expression of Th1, Th2 and Th17 cytokines in CD4+ T cells in peripheral blood of asthma patients
Authors: Luminita Cervis, Matthias Jung, Timo Schiffer, Stephanie Korn, Roland Buhl
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  The asthmatic inflammation is mainly orchestrated by T cells producing Th1 and Th2 cytokines.   Aim:  To characterize the inflammatory features of peripheral blood T cells of asthma patients.   Methods:  T cells were isolated from peripheral blood of 93 asthma patients [median age 48±14 years, 59 female, FEV 1  (median) 88±20% of predicted]. In 23 patients (25%) asthma was controlled, in 32 (34%) partly controlled and in 38 (41%) uncontrolled. 14 patients were treated with oral steroids. The frequency of cytokine producing CD4+ T cells after non-specific stimulation was quantified by flow cytometry.   Results:  In the whole cohort 7.2±6.6 % of T cells produced IFN-γ, 1.04±0.8% IL-4, 0.21±0.18% IL-5, 0.25±2.8% IL-13, and 0.75±0.43% Il-17. In patients with controlled disease the frequency of IL-4, IL-13, and Il-17 producing CD +  T-cells was significantly higher compared with patients with uncontrolled asthma (p=0.03). The same was true when patients treated with oral steroids were excluded from the analysis (p=0.02). Patients with controlled disease on GINA step 1 treatment had a higher frequency of IL-10 producing CD4 + T-cells (p=0.04) compared with patients with uncontrolled asthma.   Conclusion:  Different degrees of asthma control and GINA treatment steps are reflected by different frequencies of cytokine-producing CD4 +  T cells in peripheral blood of asthma patients.
Development of a biointegrated mandibular reconstruction device consisting of bone compatible titanium fiber mesh scaffold
Authors: Makoto Hirota, Takaki Shima, Itaru Sato, Tomomichi Ozawa, Toshinori Iwai, Akihiro Ametani, Mitsunobu Sato, Yasuharu Noishiki, Takahiro Ogawa, Tohru Hayakawa, Iwai Tohnai
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Glyburide vs Insulin and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Maisa N. Feghali, Christina M. Scifres, Steve N. Caritis
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Limitations of reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analyses for detection of micrometastatic epithelial cancer cells in bone marrow.
Authors: A Zippelius, P Kufer, G Honold, M W Köllermann, R Oberneder, G Schlimok, G Riethmüller, K Pantel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE This study was designed to evaluate the potential of reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses for the detection of micrometastatic carcinoma cells in bone marrow (BM). PATIENTS AND METHODS The specificity of RT-PCR assays with primers specific for various tumor-associated and organ-specific mRNA species was examined by analysis of 53 BM aspirates from control patients with no epithelial malignancy. In addition, BM samples from 63 patients with prostate cancer (n = 53) or breast cancer (n = 10) were analyzed by RT-PCR with primers specific for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA. As a reference method, all samples were analyzed simultaneously by an established immunocytochemical assay, using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against cytokeratins (CK) for tumor-cell detection. RESULTS Seven of eight marker species could be detected in a considerable number of BM samples from control patients: epithelial glycoprotein-40 (EGP-40; 53 of 53 samples), desmoplakin I (DPI I; five of five), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA; five of 19), erb-B2 (five of seven), erb-B3 (six of seven), prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSM; four of nine), and CK18 (five of seven). Only PSA mRNA was not detected in any of the 53 control BM samples. In serial dilution experiments, the PSA RT-PCR assay was able to detect five LNCaP prostate carcinoma cells in 4 x 10(6) BM cells. CK-positive cells were found in 20 patients (37.7%) with prostate cancer, while PSA mRNA was found in only 15 (28.3%; P = .04). Moreover, despite the recent observation that PSA is also expressed in mammary carcinomas, none of the 10 CK-positive BM samples were PSA mRNA-positive. CONCLUSION Limiting factors in the detection of micrometastatic tumor cells by RT-PCR are (1) the illegitimate transcription of tumor-associated or epithelial-specific genes in hematopoietic cells, and (2) the deficient expression of the marker gene in micrometastatic tumor cells.
Abstract 3: Impact Of Transport To Critical Care Centers Vs. Non-critical Care Hospitals On Outcomes From Out-of-hospital Cardiac Arrest In Osaka, Japan
Authors: Kentaro Kajino, Taku Iwami, Mohamud Daya, Naohiro Yonemoto, Tatuya Nishiuchi, Yasuyuki Hayashi, Taro Irisawa, Hisashi Ikeuchi, Hiroshi Tanaka, Takeshi Shimazu, Atushi Hiraide, Hisashi Sugimoto
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Recent studies suggest that specialized hospital care including hypothermia and early percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) influences the outcome of out-of -hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients. In Japan, selected hospitals are certificated as “Critical Care Centers (CCC)” based on their expertise and ability to provide these higher levels of care. We hypothesized that the outcomes of patients with OHCA who were transported to CCC is better than if they were transported to non-critical care hospitals (NCCH) in Osaka, Japan. Materials and Methods: All adults with OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology, treated by the emergency medical services (EMS) systems, and transported to a hospital in Osaka, Japan from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2006 were studied using a prospective Utstein style population cohort database. Primary outcome measure was one month neurologically favorable survival (CPC ≤ 2). Outcomes of patients transported to CCC were compared to patients transported to NCCH using multiple logistic regression to adjust for the following confounding variables; gender, age, witnessed status, bystander CPR, location, transport time and initial rhythm. We also performed a stratified analysis based on whether the patients achieved ROSC prior to arrival at the hospital. Results: Of 6,943 OHCA of presumed cardiac etiology, 6,706 cases were transported. Of these, 1,780 were transported to CCC while 4,926 were transported to NCCH. Neurologically favorable survival at one-month was greater in the CCC group [103 (5.8 %) versus 119 (2.4 %), p &lt; 0.001]. Transportation to CCC was a significant predictor [OR = 1.7, 95% CI interval (1.3 – 2.4)] of neurologically favorable survival after adjustment for confounding variables. In the stratified analysis, the impact of the CCC was not significant difference in patients transported after field ROSC. [OR = 1.4, 95% CI interval (0.92 – 2.22)] On the other hand, the impact of the CCC was even greater in patients transported prior to field ROSC. [OR = 2.4, 95% CI interval (1.3 – 4.5)] Conclusions: The outcomes of patients with OHCA with or without field ROSC who were transported to Critical Care Centers was better than if they were transported to Non-Critical Care Hospitals.
Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of Irinotecan Administered as a Low-Dose, Continuous Intravenous Infusion Over 14 Days in Patients With Malignant Solid Tumors
Authors: Virginie M.M. Herben, Jan H.M. Schellens, Martha Swart, Gabriela Gruia, Laurent Vernillet, Jos H. Beijnen, Wim W. ten Bokkel Huinink
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

To evaluate the feasibility of administering irinotecan as a continuous intravenous infusion for 14 to 21 days.Patients with solid tumors refractory to standard therapy received continuous infusions of irinotecan by means of an ambulatory infusion pump. The starting dosage was 12.5 mg/m(2)/d for 14 days every 3 weeks. After identification of the maximum-tolerated dose for the 14-day infusion schedule, the protocol was amended to prolong the infusion duration to 17 and 21 days. Pharmacokinetics of irinotecan and SN-38 and its glucuronide were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography and noncompartmental modeling.Thirty-three patients received 85+ courses. At the first dose level (12.5 mg/m(2)/d), cumulative grade 3 or 4 diarrhea and grade 3 or 4 neutropenia occurred in three of five patients. At a dosage of 10 mg/m(2)/d, 14-day administration resulted in grade 4 diarrhea in two of six patients and one episode of grade 4 vomiting occurred, whereas with 17-day administration, one episode of grade 3 nausea and two episodes of grade 3 or 4 diarrhea were observed in six patients. Increasing the number of days of infusion to 21 days was not feasible because of cumulative diarrhea. Hematologic toxicity was rare. The mean metabolic SN-38 area under the curve/irinotecan area under the curve ratio was 16% +/- 6% compared with 3% to 5% after short infusion schedules involving therapeutic dosages. Partial responses were observed in two patients with extraovarian and colorectal cancer.The recommended dosage is 10 mg/m(2)/d for 14 days, repeated every 3 weeks. Enhanced metabolism of irinotecan to SN-38 may explain in part the low recommended dose for this schedule.
Abciximab in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction eligible for primary percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
Authors: Lambert F.M van den Merkhof, Felix Zijlstra, Hans Olsson, Lars Grip, Gerrit Veen, Frits W.H.M Bär, Marcel J.B.M van den Brand, Maarten L Simoons, Freek W.A Verheugt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
NT-proANP and lung diffusion in sarcoidosis
Authors: Lara Pisani, Alessandro Onofri, Agnese Ricotta, Filippo Maria Cauti, Alberto Ricci, Pierdonato Bruno, Giovanna Viola, Damiano Magrì, Salvatore Mariotta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background-  Since that several lines of evidences support a role in modulating pulmonary circulation for the natriuretic peptides, we aimed to investigate possible relationship between NT-proAtrial (NT-proANP) and NT-proBrain (NT-proBNP) natriuretic peptides and lung diffusion abnormalities, as assessed by lung diffusion for carbon monoxide (DL CO ), in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.   Methods-  Resting NT-proBNP and NT-proANP were determined in thirty-two outpatients with pulmonary sarcoidosis, subdivided in two subgroups according to a cut-off DL CO  values equal to 75%, and eighteen well-matched healthy volunteers. Each subject underwent, besides pulmonary lung function test, Doppler echocardiographic examination with Tissue Doppler Imaging analysis and cardiopulmonary exercise test.   Results-  NT-proANP levels were significantly higher in patients with DL CO  CO  ≥ 75% (1575±488 fmol/mL) and healthy subjects (1387±237 fmol/mL) whereas no difference was found for NT-proBNP. A significant univariate relationship was found between NT-proANP and age (r:0.403, p=0.022), DL CO  (r:-0.540, p=0.001), specific membrane diffusion capacity (r:-0.480; p=0.006), peak oxygen upatake (r:-0.386, p=0.023), and ventilator efficiency (r:0.431, p=0.011). DL CO  was the only variable independently associated with NT-proANP levels at multivariable analysis (β:-0.464; standard error:0.03; p=0.009).   Conclusions-  Our findings support a key role of NT-proANP into mechanisms underlying modulation of lung function. The NT-proANP release specifically oriented to counterbalance the lung diffusion impairment is a stimulating hypothesis which warrants confirmation.
Capecitabine/ irinotecan (CapIri) and capecitabine/oxaliplatin (CapOx) are active second-line protocols in patients with advanced colorectal cancer (ACRC) after failure of first-line combination therapy: Results of a randomized phase II study
Authors: A. Grothey, K. Jordan, O. Kellner, C. Constantin, G. Dietrich, H. Kroening, L. Mantovani, C. Schlichting, H. Forstbauer, H.-J. Schmoll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3534 Background: Previously, we reported the interim results of a randomized phase II trial with CapIri vs CapOx as first-line therapy in ACRC (Grothey et al., ASCO 2003). The study protocol included a recommended cross-over as second-line therapy. Here we present the results of CapIri and CapOx as second-line treatment in patients with ACRC, pretreated with a capecitabine-based combination regimen. Methods: Treatment protocols consisted of capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 bid d1–14 plus irinotecan 100 mg/m2 iv d1,8 or oxaliplatin 70 mg/m2 iv d1,8; qd 22. A total of 161 patients (pts) were initially randomized in the phase II trial, of which 68 received CapOx or CapIri as 2nd-line therapy within the protocol (33 pts CapOx after CapIri, 35 pts CapIri after CapOx). Results: NCI-CTC grade 3/4 toxicities for 2nd-line therapies (CapIri vs CapOx): anemia 2.7% vs 6.0%, thrombocytopenia 8.1% vs 3.0%, diarrhea 10.8% vs 0%, nausea/vomiting 0% vs 3.0%, infection 2.7% vs 3.0%, bilirubin 8.6% vs 6.4%; HFS grade 2/3 13.5% vs 3.0%, alopecia grade 2 21.6% vs 9.1%. Grade 3 sensory neurotoxicity was present in 10.8% of pts at onset of 2nd line CapIri, but decreased by at least one grade in all pts after 3 cycles CapIri. Efficacy (CapIri vs CapOx): RR 20.6% vs 12.7%, SD 50% vs 48.4%, PD 29.4% vs 38.7%; PFS 5.1 mos vs 4.3 mos; OS (after start of 2nd-line) 9.6 mos vs 10.6 mos. Overall survivals for pts with 1st- and 2nd-line sequential therapy were almost identical: CapOx->CapIri 17.8 mos, CapIri->CapOx 17.7 mos. Conclusions: CapIri and CapOx are both effective and tolerable second-line treatment regimens after capecitabine-based first-line combination therapy. Severe diarrhea was more frequently associated with second-line CapIri, oxaliplatin-mediated sensory neurotoxicity after first-line CapOx was reversible under second-line CapIri. Overall efficacy parameters of our randomized phase II trial do not suggest superiority of a particular treatment sequence. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Sanofi-Synthelabo Sanofi-Synthelabo Sanofi-Synthelabo; Hoffmann-LaRoche; Aventis
Update of MACH-NC (Meta-Analysis of Chemotherapy in Head &amp; Neck Cancer) database focused on concomitant chemoradiotherapy
Authors: J. Bourhis, C. Amand, J.-P. Pignon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

5505 Background: The MACH-NC Group have previously shown (Lancet; 2000) that chemotherapy (CT) improved survival (4% at 5 years) in non metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treated by loco-regional treatment (LRT), with an higher benefit (8%) with CT concomitant to radiotherapy (RT). However the relatively important heterogeneity of the results limited the conclusions and prompted the MACH-NC to further confirm the results, by adding to the data base the data from the randomized trials performed between 1994 and 2000. Methods: Updated individual data from HNSCC patients randomized to LRT versus LRT + CT between 1965 and 2000 were included in this meta-analysis. The logrank-test, stratified by trial, was used for comparison and the hazard ratio (HR) of death was calculated. Results: 24 new trials, most of them on concomitant CT, were included totalizing 87 trials and more than 16,000 patients. The overall pooled HR was 0.88 (p<.0001) with an absolute benefit for CT of 5% at 5-years, and a significant interaction (p<.0001) between CT timing (adjuvant, neoadjuvant or concomitant) and treatment. The following analyses concern only the 50 concomitant trials. For this group, the HR was 0.81 (p<.0001) with an absolute benefit of 8% at 5-years. The results were identical for the 1994–2000 trials and the 1965–1993 trials, but without significant heterogeneity in the recent group. Similar results were obtained in the trials with postoperative RT (HR=0.80), conventional RT (0.83) and altered fractionated RT (0.73). No significant difference was seen between mono-CT (0.84) and poly-CT (0.77). The magnitude of the benefit was higher (p<0.01) for platinum-based CT (0.75) than for other CT (0.86). There was a decreasing effect of CT with age (p=.01). Conclusions: The benefit of concomitant chemotherapy was confirmed and was similar with both definitive and postoperative radiotherapy. The final analysis will be presented at the meeting. Unrestricted grants from ARC, Aventis, PHRC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Epidemiology and Outcomes of Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis Patients in an Australian Cohort
Authors: K. Liu, R. Wang, M. Wells, S. Strasser, G. McCaughan, C. Corte, R.W.L. Leong
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2015)

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an inflammatory fibrotic stricturing disease of the biliary tree that may lead to cirrhosis and liver failure requiring orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The 2012 Australian prevalence of PSC was estimated to be 872 cases.1 The Australian epidemiology of PSC is not well established.
A comparison of patient comfort during cataract surgery with topical anesthesia versus topical anesthesia and intracameral lidocaine11The authors have no proprietary interests in any product mentioned in this article.
Authors: Alan S Crandall, Norman A Zabriskie, Bhupendra C.K Patel, Thomas A Burns, Nick Mamalis, Lizbeth A Malmquist-Carter, Reagan Yee
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Contributions of host- and disease-related attributes to the outcome of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia.
Authors: J E Curtis, H A Messner, R Hasselback, T M Elhakim, E A McCulloch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Three sequential trials of treatment for acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) involving 173 patients were analyzed to identify clinical and myeloblast-cell progenitor properties in culture related to outcome. The latter, including self-renewal capacity expressed as plating efficiency (PE2) and drug sensitivity, were determined for a representative group of 45 patients. Despite increasingly intensive remission induction therapy, similar response rates were achieved in the three trials and no increase in the duration of survival was observed. Clinical attributes at presentation by multivariate analyses were not consistently predictable of outcome. Of the blast cell attributes, only PE2 was predictive of duration of survival (p less than 10(-6)). For patients in remission the relapse rate during the first year was 0.63 compared with 0.15 in subsequent years. The percentage marrow myeloblasts at presentation, a measure of disease activity, was significantly higher for the patients having remissions lasting less than one year. These studies demonstrate the importance of disease-related attributes on the outcome of patients with AML.
Evaluation on the factors affecting transbronchial lung biopsy results
Authors: Hamidreza Jabbardarjani, Arda Kiani, Negar Sheikhi, Makan Sadr, Alireza Eslaminejad
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Lung biopsy through the airways by using a flexible bronchoscope (TBLB: trans-bronchial lung biopsy) is an appropriate method for obtaining tissue samples. In previous studies, type of forceps, sample size, floatation of the sample in the liquid and its alveolarity were suggested as factors impacting the diagnostic value of TBLB. This study aimed at evaluating the factors affecting TBLB results in order to increase the diagnostic value of this method.This was a prospective, double blind observational analysis.  We had a total of 44 patients with pulmonary lesions; each of these patients underwent 4 biopsies. Biopsy samples were taken using cup and alligator forceps alternatively. From 88 samples obtained by the alligator forceps, 16 were diagnostic while from the same number of specimens taken by the cup forceps, 21 samples had diagnostic value. Of the small sized samples (57 cases), 12 (21.1%) were diagnostic while among the 66 medium sized samples, 12 (18.2%) and from the 53 large sized samples, 13 (24.5%) were diagnostic. Among samples floating on the surface of the liquid (48 cases), 6 (12.5%) had diagnostic value. Of the 12 samples suspended in the liquid, 2 (16.7%) and among the 116 samples precipitated to the bottom, 29 (25%) were diagnostic.Of the 84 samples with more than 20 alveoli, 31 (36.9%) were diagnostic. Among 26 samples with number of alveoli less than 20, 5 cases (19.2%) were diagnostic.This correlation was statistically significant.  In a conclusion, number of alveoli present in the tissue sample was directly correlated with its diagnostic value. However, this study did not find a significant correlation between the diagnostic value of TBLB and type of forceps, sample size and floatation of the sample in the liquid.
Occurrence of Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus After Treatment With Systemic Fluorouracil
Authors: Blanca Moyano Almagro, Marisol Contreras Steyls, Norberto López Navarro, Elena Gallego Domínguez, Enrique Herrera Acosta, Maria Angustias Gallardo Pérez, Enrique Herrera Ceballos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)
Efficient bridging of 20 mm rat sciatic nerve lesions with a longitudinally micro-structured collagen scaffold
Authors: A. Bozkurt, A. Boecker, J. Tank, H. Altinova, R. Deumens, C. Dabhi, R. Tolba, J. Weis, G.A. Brook, N. Pallua, S.G.A. van Neerven
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)