tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hyper expanded native lung treated with intra bronchial valves in single lung transplant recipients
Authors: Michael Perch, Erik Andersen, Claus Jensen, Jann Mortensen, Martin Iversern
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We report four single lung transplant patients, with hyperinflation of the native emphysematous lung, treated with bronchoscopic lung volume reduction using Spiration Intra Bronchial Valves (IBV®). Hyperinflation of the native lung is a common complication to single lung transplantation when treating emphysema. The hyperinflation can lead to compression of the graft and cause respiratory failure. The IBV®'s where used to block airflow in specific parts of the native lung, theoretically reducing the native lung volume thereby relieving the graft.

Methods: We used a protocol consisting of a Krypton SPECT-scan to assess which lung segments in the native lung had least function. The IBV®'s were placed in the segment or sub-segment. Endpoints were changes in lung function test, 6-minutes-walk-test (6-MWT) and changes in the Krypton SPECT-scan at 3 months follow-up.

Results: Preoperative mean forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) was 0.62 l (Range 0.45-0.80 l), mean residual volume was 4.57 l (Range 4.01-5.73 l) and mean 6-MWT was 189 m (Range 98-258 m). One patient reported marked improvement of dyspnoe and had a plausible change in lung function but a 6-MWT identical to the preoperative 6-MWT and no changes on Krypton SPECT-scan. The three other patients did not report any clinical changes and did not show any change in lung function. A patient had a marked increase in 6-MWT from 258 m to 360 m, but only a slight improvement on Krypton SPECT-scan. No complications where observed.

Conclusions: This report shows that bronchoscopic lung volume reduction of an emphysematous native lung in single lung transplants using IBV® is feasible and seems safe, although further experience is needed.
Late Medical Complications and Fatigue in Hodgkin’s Disease Survivors
Authors: Heidi Knobel, Jon Håvard Loge, May Brit Lund, Kolbjørn Forfang, Ole Nome, Stein Kaasa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: Long-term medical complications, such as cardiac, pulmonary, and thyroid dysfunction, are frequent among Hodgkin’s disease survivors (HDSs). Chronic fatigue is also highly prevalent among HDSs. Few studies have explored possible etiologic explanations for fatigue. The aim of this study was to explore whether late cardiac, pulmonary, and thyroid complications after curative treatment for Hodgkin’s disease (HD) may explain the high level of fatigue among HDSs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Four-hundred fifty-nine patients treated for HD at the Norwegian Radium Hospital from 1971 to 1991 were included in a cross-sectional, follow-up study of subjective health status. Fatigue (physical [PF] and mental), was measured by the Fatigue Questionnaire. A subcohort of the HDSs (116 patients) treated from 1980 to 1988 were included in a separate study in which long-term cardiac, pulmonary, and thyroid complications were assessed. All patients had received radiotherapy, and 63 patients had received additional chemotherapy. The present study comprised 92 patients (mean age, 37 years; range, 23 to 56 years) who participated in both studies. RESULTS: HDSs with pulmonary dysfunction were more fatigued than HDSs with normal pulmonary function (PF 10.9 v 8.9; P &lt; .05). Gas transfer impairment was the most prevalent pulmonary dysfunction, and three times as many patients with gas transfer impairment reported chronic fatigue (duration, 6 months or longer), compared with patients without pulmonary dysfunction (48% v 17%, P &lt; .01). No associations were found between cardiac sequelae or hypothyroidism and fatigue. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary dysfunction is associated with fatigue in HDSs. Cardiac sequelae was not associated with fatigue in HDSs. We question the absence of an association between thyroid complications and fatigue.
Correlation of BODE index with extrapulmonary comorbidities of COPD patients
Authors: Kunal Luthra, Narendra Kumar Gupta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction  : COPD patients show features of systemic inflammation. They are the result of a systemic spill-over of the inflammatory and repairatory events in the lungs. The components of this systemic inflammation account for the extrapulmonary manifestations of COPD.   Aims and objectives  : To study the correlation between BODE index and extrapulmonary comorbidities of COPD.   Methods  : 100 patients who presented to respiratory medicine outpatient department with complains of breathlessnesss, cough or sputum production and history of exposure to risk factors were enrolled for the study. After diagnosing and analysing the severity of COPD based on BODE index score patients were screened for extrapulmonary comorbidities- hypertension, heart failure, ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, anxiety, depression, osteoporosis, nutritional, anemia,polycythemia, microalbuminuria, and chronic kidney disease started on treatment and followed up after 1 yr.   Results  : Hypertension was the most common comorbidity present in 58%, followed by nutritional and osteoporosis in 44%.  There was significant statistical correlation (p value   Conclusion  : BODE index - a simple effective and valid scoring system in analysing the overall severity of COPD should be used routinely for optimal management of patients.
2012 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused Update of the 2008 Guidelines for Device-Based Therapy of Cardiac Rhythm Abnormalities
Authors: Cynthia M. Tracy, Andrew E. Epstein, Dawood Darbar, John P. DiMarco, Sandra B. Dunbar, N.A. Mark Estes, T. Bruce Ferguson, Stephen C. Hammill, Pamela E. Karasik, Mark S. Link, Joseph E. Marine, Mark H. Schoenfeld, Amit J. Shanker, Michael J. Silka, Lynne Warner Stevenson, William G. Stevenson, Paul D. Varosy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A phase II study of weekly paclitaxel and doxifluridine (an intermediate metabolite of capecitabine) combination chemotherapy for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer
Authors: I. Takeyoshi, F. Makita, Y. Tanahashi, S. Iwazaki, S. Nakamura, H. Ishikawa, T. Ogawa, T. Ohya, S. Kawate, J. Horiguchi, Y. Morishita
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4593 Background: Paclitaxel and doxifluridine (5’-DFUR; an intermediate metabolite of capecitabine), which have distinct mechanisms of action and toxicity profiles, each have considerable single-agent activity in gastric cancer. A synergistic interaction between these two drugs was suggested from the taxane-induced upregulation of thymidine phosphorylase, which converts 5’-DFUR to 5-FU. Therefore, this study evaluated the antitumor activity and toxicities of paclitaxel and 5’-DFUR in combination in patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer (AGC) Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed AGC, which was unresectable or metastatic, PS 0–2, and over 20 years old were eligible for this study. The treatment included paclitaxel 80 mg/m 2 i.v. on days 1, 8, and 15 every 4 weeks and doxifluridine 533 mg/m 2 p.o. on days 1–5/week until there was disease progression or the appearance of unacceptable toxicity. Results: Between April 2003 and May 2006,104 patients were enrolled in this study. Their median age was 67.0 years (range: 36–82) and 87 patients were male. Forty-three patients had advanced gastric cancer and 61 had recurrent gastric cancer. After a median of 3 (range: 1- 21) cycles of chemotherapy, 104 patients were evaluated for toxicity and 93 patients were evaluated for response. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the overall response rate was 32.3% (95% C.I., 22.8–41.8%), including 2 CR, 28 PRs, 37 SDs, 16 PDs, and 10 NEs. The first-line therapy involved 48 patients (primary advanced or surgery alone) in whom the response rate was 41.7% (95% C.I., 27.7–55.6%). The second-line therapy involved 40 patients (72.5% TS-1 failure) in whom the response rate was 22.5% (95% C.I., 9.6–35.4%). The median overall survival was 287 days. The actual dose intensity was 81.7% (85/104) of the planned dose during the first two cycles for both drugs. Commonly observed grade 3/4 adverse events were leukopenia (13.5%), anorexia (3.8%), fatigue (3.8%), and diarrhea (2.9%).There was no neutropenic fever or treatment-related death. Conclusions: These data suggest that Paclitaxel and 5’-DFUR combination chemotherapy is a well tolerated convenient out-patient combination with very promising efficacy for AGC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Switchable Release of Entrapped Nanoparticles from Alginate Hydrogels
Authors: Cathal J. Kearney, Hadas Skaat, Stephen M. Kennedy, Jennifer Hu, Max Darnell, Theresa M. Raimondo, David J. Mooney
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

Natural biological processes are intricately controlled by the timing and spatial distribution of various cues. To mimic this precise level of control, the physical sizes of gold nanoparticles are utilized to sterically entrap them in hydrogel materials, where they are subsequently released only in response to ultrasound. These nanoparticles can transport bioactive factors to cells and direct cell behavior on-demand.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) hospitalization in infants with congenital airway anomalies (CAA) in the canadian registry of palivizumab (CARESS) after prophylaxis (2005-2012)
Authors: Ian Mitchell, Bosco Paes, Abby Li, Hao Yi, Krista Lanctot
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: . CARESS tracks palivizumab use and outcomes in high-risk infants. We compared hazards for hospitalization for respiratory illness (RIH) and RSV (RSVH) in CAA infants versus those prophylaxed for other medical disorders (MD) and standard indications (SD).   Methods:  Infants receiving ≥1 dose of palivizumab in 2005-2012 RSV seasons recruited from 32 Canadian sites. Utilization and hospitalization collected monthly.   Results:  13,310 infants enrolled (309 CAA, 1816 MD, 11185 SD). There were statistically significant group differences (p   Conclusions:  This is the largest report of CAA infants receiving palivizumab . Despite differences in risk factors, the groups appear to have similar hazards in terms of RSVH.
Appropriateness of ATS/ERS recommended lung volume reference values for contemporary Australasian children
Authors: Maureen Verheggen, Karla Logie, Chris O'Dea, Barbara Dixon, Maureen Swanney, Graham Hall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: There are only limited reference ranges for static lung volumes (LV) by Plethysmography (PLETH) or gas dilution (DIL) that encompasses the paediatric age range. International recommendations suggest the data from Zaplatel (PLETH) and Cook (DIL) be used pending appropriate data using modern equipment and most recent guidelines.

Aim: To assess the suitability of these recommended reference ranges to contemporary healthy Australasian children.

Methods: Healthy subjects performed LV measurements by DIL or PLETH according to the 2005 ATS/ERS guidelines. Data was compared to recommended reference ranges and expressed as% predicted.

Results: Measurements were obtained in 244 subjects aged 5 to 19 years (120 male) of which 121 and 144 performed LV by DIL and PLETH, respectively.

View this table:

Lung volumes as % pred





FRC and RV measured by both methods were significantly lower than published values (p<.001). Individuals below the LLN for TLC, and outside the 95% CI for FRC and RV ranged from 4% for TLC by DIL to 55% for RV by PLETH.

Conclusions: Measured TLC agrees well with both PLETH and DIL reference values. FRC and RV by either method were significantly lower than predicted. A proportion of these healthy subjects would be considered to have LV outside the normal range. The recommended reference ranges for RV and FRC are inappropriate for use in Australasian children. New reference ranges using modern equipment are needed for this population.
Effects of a low-intensity single-leg exercise on fatigue and muscle oxygenation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Fernanda Ribeiro, Valérie Coats, Didier Saey, François Maltais
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

In COPD, single-leg exercises allow to study muscle dysfunction mechanisms in isolation from exagerated ventilatory demand and dyspnea. Therefore, we studied the effect of a knee-extension exercise on quadriceps fatigue and its possible association with cardiorespiratory demand and oxygen extraction at the muscle level.  Methods: Eight patients with moderate-to-severe COPD (FEV 1  = 45 ± 13% of predicted) performed an isokinetic knee-extension exercise at 40% of their maximal peak torque. Quadriceps isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and magnetic-stimulated twitch (Tw pot ) were measured before and after exercise to characterize muscle fatigue. Cardiorespiratory demand and muscle oxygenation (deoxyhemoglobin/myoglobin concentration, [HHb], by near-infrared spectroscopy) were assessed during exercise.  Results: Patients performed a total of 7.4 ± 1.0 kJ of muscle work, which resulted in a reduction of both MVC and Tw pot  of -11 ± 8 % and -22 ± 25 %, respectively. Five patients presented muscle fatigue (> 15 % reduction in Tw pot ). At the end of exercise, dyspnea and leg-fatigue Borg scores were 2.0 ± 1.0 and 0.7 ± 0.8, respectively. No significant changes in muscle oxygenation (Δ[HHb] = 13 ± 12%, p = 0.08) were seen. Changes in muscle oxygenation were not associated with muscle strength loss. Peak minute ventilation and oxygen uptake represented, on average, 50% and 41% of peak value achieved during a symptom-limited maximal exercise test.  Conclusion: Despite low cardiorespiratory demand and exercise load, a single-leg exercise induced muscle fatigue in the absence of muscle deoxygenation in some patients with moderate-to-severe COPD.
Rehabilitation needs & discharge functional status of patients with haematology malignancy admitted to a specialist cancer ICU
Authors: Claire Nowell, Lizzie Jones, Pascale Gruber
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The assumption that patients with haematology malignancy (HM) admitted to ICU have a poor prognosis has been challenged in recent studies. Cancer therapy, ICU treatment and prolonged bed rest put these patients at high risk of developing ICU acquired weakness (ICUAW) and functional disability. National guidelines (NICE, 2009), support early physiotherapy (PT) and occupational therapy (OT) to prevent functional decline. Our aim was to evaluate level of mobility on discharge from ICU, requirements for ongoing rehabilitation and social support on discharge from hospital of HM patients. Method: One year retrospective review of electronic notes of long stay (>5 days) adult HM patients in a specialist ICU. Patient demographics, PT and OT interventions, physical function and discharge outcomes were recorded and comparisons made to a previous study. Results were analysed using SPSS. Results: Of the 25 patients, 52% survived to ICU discharge and 80% of these to hospital discharge. Sitting out of bed was achieved in 86% of patients and 57% were able to mobilise away from their bed space while on ICU. Medical restrictions prevented the remaining patients (14%) from getting out of bed. Discharge destination is shown below

![Figure][1] 



Discussion: Despite a high risk of ICUAW and a HM diagnosis, early rehabilitation on ICU is feasible in this population, with discharge outcomes comparable to previous studies.

 [1]: pending:yes
Comparison of Photodynamic Therapy versus conventional antifungal therapy for the treatment of denture stomatitis: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: E.G. Mima, C.E. Vergani, A.L. Machado, E.M.S. Massucato, A.L. Colombo, V.S. Bagnato, A.C. Pavarina
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)
The problem of early mortality in pneumococcal pneumonia: a study of risk factors
Authors: Joaquín Burgos, Manel Luján, M. Nieves Larrosa, M. Luisa Pedro-Botet, Dionisia Fontanals, M. Dolores Quesada, Mayli Lung, Guadalupe Bermudo, Benito Almirante, Vicenç Falcó
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

The mortality of pneumococcal pneumonia, and especially the number deaths that occur soon after presentation, remains unacceptably high [1]. In 1964, Austrian and Gold [2] observed that 60% of deaths in patients with invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (IPP) occurred within the first 5 days. Unfortunately, this does not appear to have changed over the subsequent five decades [3]. Comorbidity and infections by encapsulated serotypes are the main risk factors for death in pneumococcal pneumonia <http://ow.ly/KSnlB>
Preseasonal treatment with either omalizumab or an inhaled corticosteroid boost to prevent fall asthma exacerbations
Authors: Stephen J. Teach, Michelle A. Gill, Alkis Togias, Christine A. Sorkness, Samuel J. Arbes, Agustin Calatroni, Jeremy J. Wildfire, Peter J. Gergen, Robyn T. Cohen, Jacqueline A. Pongracic, Carolyn M. Kercsmar, Gurjit K. Khurana Hershey, Rebecca S. Gruchalla, Andrew H. Liu, Edward M. Zoratti, Meyer Kattan, Kristine A. Grindle, James E. Gern, William W. Busse, Stanley J. Szefler
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
A New Mouse Tumor Model System (RIF-1) for Comparison of End-Point Studies&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: P R Twentyman, J M Brown, J W Gray, A J Franko, M A Scoles, R F Kallman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

A new tumor model system (RIF-1) was developed that is very suitable for studies in which clonogenic survival is compared with growth delay and control probability following various forms of treatment. The tumor was a radiation-induced sarcoma in the inbred female C3H/Km mouse. It had a low median tumor dose, had a satisfactory plating efficiency direct from in vivo to in vitro, was nonimmunogenic or minimally immunogenic, and metastasized only at a relatively advanced stage of growth. The cell line grew either as a monolayer on plastic dishes, as tumor spheroids in spinner culture, as lung nodules following injection of a single-cell suspension into the tail veins of syngeneic mice, or as a solid tumor. Both diploid and tetraploid clonogenic cells were found in monolayer cultures of the RIF-1 line.
Low Serum Testosterone and High Serum Estradiol Associate With Lower Extremity Peripheral Arterial Disease in Elderly Men
Authors: Åsa Tivesten, Dan Mellström, Hans Jutberger, Björn Fagerberg, Bodil Lernfelt, Eric Orwoll, Magnus K. Karlsson, Östen Ljunggren, Claes Ohlsson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
The Thalamic Syndrome
Authors: B. H. Kirman
Journal: BMJ (1947)

apparent slight hyperaesthesia proximal to the line of demarcation, which might be explained by the band of hyperaemia as described by Gelfand.Knee-jerks were indeterminate.Wassermann examina- tion and blood counts could not be performed.The urine was free of sugar and albumin.The patient refused operation and would not enter hospital, so his further progress is not known.Williams (1939), discussing the results of 894 post-mortem examinations in Uganda, found 86 cases showing syphilitic arterial disease and considers that this is common in East Africa.Coombs (1932) points out that lesions most commonly follow one, two, or more decades after infection.This would fit in with the age groups of beth Gelfand's and my cases, particularly when it is remembered that the African often acquires his syphilis relatively early in life.Prior to Gelfand's paper I had considered my case to be definitely one of syphilitic origin.Now the question requires reconsideration.It may be that the part played by syphilis is merely an initial damage to the artery (Gordon et al., 1942), on which further processes later briiig about an ischaemia sufficiently suddenly to cause gangrene.On the other hand in cases where gangrene has followed syphilis the onset has usually been much less, sudden than in these seven cases.Choussat (1938), for instance, describes a ese of bilateral dry gangrene of the feet, of slow onset, in a child of 10.Bilateral gangrenous areas on the arms of a white woman of 61, in which the lesion on the left preceded that on the right, is cited by Goodman (1939).Similar cases will be found in papers by Fusco and Kell (1943) and Leone Bloise (1936), though I havepersonally not yet been able to trace them.When the high rate of syphilis in certain native populations is taken into account, figures ranging from 23% (Kark and Le Riche, 1944) to 40% (Rauch and Saayman, 1938) being sub- stantiated by various authors, the fact that three out of these seven cases of bilateral gangrene of the feet had syphilis may not be of significance but merely a coincidental finding.-Iam, etc.,
Delayed diagnosis leading to accelerated-phase chronic eosinophilic leukemia due to a cytogenetically cryptic, imatinib-responsive TNIP1–PDFGRB fusion gene
Authors: D M Ross, H K Altamura, C N Hahn, M Nicola, A L Yeoman, M R Holloway, J Geoghegan, J Feng, A W Schreiber, S Branford, S Moore, H S Scott
Journal: Leukemia (2015)
Role oft sleep position training in the treatment of the positional obstructive sleep apnoe sydrome
Authors: Yumiko Matsuba, Ulrich Straßen, Constanze Gahrleitner, Clemens Heiser
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: A large subgroup of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) suffer of position-dependent OSA (POSA). Those patients tend to be young and non-obese. Compliance for CPAP therapy is often bad in this patient group. Alternative less-invasive therapy regimen would be desirable. The sleep position trainer exhibits a slight vibration whenever patients take a supine position prompting them to change their sleep position without arousal.  Materials and Methods: Aim of the study is the evaluation of the therapeutic efficiency of the SPT in a double blind setting. In an attempt to decrease discomfort and improve compliance, two different sessions of sleep position training were compared: patients either participated in an slow graduated programm, or a quick intensive training to prevent supine position.  Results: 13 patients (one female and 12 male) between 28 and 64 years with POSA were included. BMI ranged between 20 and 34 kg/m2. Mean AHI before start of sleep position training was 21,6/h (6-50/h). Mean rate of sleep in supine position was 48% (19-80%). After four weeks of using SPT mean AHI had improved to 13,9/h (3,6-29,7/h). Mean rate of sleep in supine position after training was 22,5% (4-79%). Three patients did not tolerate the device. In four patients no AHI reduction was observed despite of SPT. Five of 13 patients could be successfully treated. AHI reduction were greater than 50 % in this patient group.  Conclusion: The SPT significantly reduces the ratio of supine sleeping position leading to lowered AHI values. It might therefore be an alternative in second line therapy of POSAS.