tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An Unusual Management of Essential Hypertension
Authors: Nicholas Lukin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1927)

Article1 September 1927An Unusual Management of Essential HypertensionNICHOLAS LUKIN, M.D.NICHOLAS LUKIN, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-3-161 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAbout eight years ago a physician became aware that his customary task of attending to a considerable general practice was gradually growing unbearable. He was about forty-eight years old, five feet eleven inches tall and weighed about two hundred pounds.Leading a very active life since boyhood he had no complaints or illness for the past twenty years. But, when this history began, he had frequent headaches, dizziness, dyspnoea when hurrying or going up two flights of stairs, became easily fatigued, had casual nosebleeds, suffered from heart-burn and other digestive disturbances, was very irritable and felt generally unfit for further... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: NICHOLAS LUKIN, M.D.Affiliations: New York Report of a Case*Presented before the North Bronx Medical Society, March 10th, 1927. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Sklerosen 1 September 1927Volume 1, Issue 3Page: 161-168KeywordsHypertensionPrimary care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1927 PDF downloadLoading ...
Statistics Notes: Detecting skewness from summary information
Authors: D. G Altman, J M. Bland
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The measurement of airway resistance by the interrupter technique (R<sub>int</sub>) needs standardization. Should measurements be made be during the expiratory or inspiratory phase of tidal breathing? In reported studies, the measurement of R<sub>int</sub> has been calculated as the median or mean of a small number of values, is there an important difference? Subjects were 2.5–5.0 yrs (median 4.0 yrs) who had previous respiratory symptoms. The R<sub>int</sub> in expiration (R<sub>int</sub>E) and inspiration (R<sub>int</sub>I) pre and postsalbutamol, the coefficient of variation (CV) of values contributing to measurements, and bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR) in both phases were compared. Measurements using median and mean were compared. R<sub>int</sub>E was higher than R<sub>int</sub>I by 4% (p&lt;0.01). The CV of values making up R<sub>int</sub>E and R<sub>int</sub>I, and BDR measured in expiration and inspiration were similar. The median difference between means and medians of values making up measurements was 0.6% (range −6–11%). R<sub>int</sub>E has been shown to be consistently greater then R<sub>int</sub>I but the difference in this study is small. It is suggested that one or the other is chosen as the standard. In the present data the mean of a set of values contributing to a measurement was not significantly different from the median. However, the use of the median has been recommended since it is less affected by possible outlying values such as might be included by fully automated equipment.
Menopause the Musical
Authors: Chloe Veltman
Journal: BMJ (2006)

M enopause. “The very word is a room-emptier,” as the magazine editor Tina Brown once put it. Until recently, a woman's journey towards post-fertility was a subject as inappropriate for the dinner table as diarrhoea or public execution. In her ice-breaking book The Silent Passage (1992), Gail Sheehy dubbed menopause “the last taboo,” while in an 1997 article for the New York Times entitled “As Conversation Stopper, It Has Few Equals,” Anna Quindlen discussed the wide-spread reluctance among women to talk about the natural process that affects almost every female over the age of 40. “I should know as much about menopause, from talking and listening, as I do about pregnancy,” wrote Quindlen. “But I don't.”

In a (hot) flash, things have changed. Thanks to a wealth of medical studies focusing on menopausal symptoms and a crusade to …
Abstract 16137: Are Females Still at Higher Risk During Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting?
Authors: Damien J LaPar, Castigliano M Bhamidipati, Sara A Hennessy, Christine L Lau, John A Kern, Irving L Kron, Gorav Ailawadi
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: Females undergoing cardiac surgery are historically known to have worse outcomes than males. However, the impact of gender on contemporary outcomes has not been examined. We hypothesize...
Some Observations of Intestinal Amebiasis Due to Infection with Entamoeba Histolytica
Authors: William M. James
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 August 1928Some Observations of Intestinal Amebiasis Due to Infection with Entamoeba HistolyticaWM. M. JAMES, M.D., F.A.C.P.WM. M. JAMES, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-2-171 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThat manifestation of intestinal ulceration due to infection with E. histolytica and known as amebic dysentery has been fully described with reference to its etiology, pathology, symptomatology and diagnosis. The dysentery itself may be due to a generalized ulceration of the entire large bowel with consequent colitis, or the ulcers may be confined to the sigmoid and rectum, and dysentery may follow this localized irritation.For some years past it has also been known that quite severe and extensive amebic ulceration of the cecum, or the flexures, or other individual parts of the large bowel may occur without dysentery, or... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: United Fruit Company Panama Canal Zone*Read before the American College of Physicians, New Orleans, Clinical Week, March 9, 1928. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1928Volume 2, Issue 2Page: 171-176KeywordsAmebiasisCecumColitisDysenteryEntamoeba histolyticaEtiologyRectumUlcerative colitisUlcers ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cutaneous γδ T-cell lymphoma presenting as facial palsy
Authors: J. Park, K.Y. Park, K. Li, S.J. Seo, C.K. Hong
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Cutaneous γδ T‐cell lymphoma presenting as facial palsy Get access J. Park, J. Park Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung‐Ang University, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K.Y. Park, K.Y. Park Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung‐Ang University, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Li, K. Li Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung‐Ang University, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. Seo, S.J. Seo Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung‐Ang University, Seoul, Korea Correspondence: Seong Jun Seo. E‐mail: drseo@hanafos.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.K. Hong C.K. Hong Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Chung‐Ang University, Seoul, Korea Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 1, 1 January 2011, Pages 205–207, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10023.x Published: 01 January 2011
DMPK and early tox study of a novel HDAC inhibiotr, CG200745
Authors: Cheol Soon Lee, Sun Kyung Kang, Hyun Sil Seo, Eunha Choi, Yu-Mi Song, Young-Lan Hyun, Cheol Hae Lee, Won Jang Jeong, Hee Jung Jung, Jae Hak Kim, Ho-Jin Chang, Seonggu Ro, Joong Myung Cho
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

2617  Histone deacetylases (HDAC) which catalyse the deacetylation of histones are emerging as an important cancer target. Repression of transcription occurred by several cancer promoting mutations and chromosomal translocations leading to neoplastic transformation. HDAC inhibitor was proposed to activate of the transcription of a selected number of genes whose expression causes inhibition of tumor cell growth and induction of apoptosis. We have involved in the discovery of novel HDAC inhibitors for the treatment of cancer.  Using proprietary structure based technologies, we have designed and optimized novel scaffolds. The optimized compounds were evaluated by various enzyme inhibitory assays, anti-proliferation assays against cancer cell lines, FACS analysis and measurement of acetylated histone accumulation. We also carried out in vitro ADME studies including metabolic stability, and CYP inhibition assays and in vivo PK studies. On the basis of these studies, we selected compounds for animal studies. The anti-tumor efficacy of the compounds was tested in the xenograft tumor model (HCT116). Many of them showed clear anti-tumor effects. CG200745 demonstrated promising efficacy among them. The IC50 of CG200745 is 9nM and the growth of various cancer cell lines such as colon, breast, stomach and liver cancer were inhibited in vitro at sub micromolar IC50. It showed growth inhibition at the dose of 10 mg/kg q.d. over period of 14 days in a regression model. From these results, it can be concluded that CG200745 is one of the novel and potent anti-tumour drug candidates. Further PK/PD studies and preclinical safety studies of CG200745 are in progress.
Abstract 282: Smoking and increased age in hematuric patients significantly confound the accuracy of classifiers for the diagnosis of urothelial cancer
Authors: Kate E. Williamson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Smoking and increased age in hematuria patients significantly confound the accuracy of classifiers for the diagnosis of urothelial cancer Ricardo de Matos Simoes (a), Brian Duggan(b), Mark W. Ruddock (c), Frank Emmert-Streib (a), Declan O'Rourke (d), Hugh F. O'Kane (b), Funso Abogunrin (e), Cherith N. Reid (c), Neil H Anderson (f), David Curry (b), Kate E. Williamson (a). a Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, UK. b Department of Urology, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast, UK. c Randox Laboratories Ltd., County Antrim, UK. d Department of Pathology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, UK. e Department of Urology, Craigavon Area Hospital, Northern Ireland, f Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, UK. There is an urgent need for evidence-based risk stratification of hematuria patients. Currently, we have insufficient understanding of the characteristics which confound the accuracy of diagnostic classifiers for urothelial cancer (UC). Between November 2006 and October 2008 156 hematuric patients were recruited to a case control study. We defined UC diagnostic classifiers for 16 stratified subpopulations. Using a random forest classification based on ∼29 biomarkers measurements in urine, serum and plasma and random sub-sampling we generated 1000 training and test patient datasets to estimate probabilities of correct, incorrect and inconsistent classification for each patient. We defined classifiers for control and UC classified subpopulations. The distribution of characteristics across classifiable and non-classifiable patient subpopulations was explored using Fisher's exact test. The non-smoking stratified subpopulation achieved the greatest accuracy AUC = 0.95 (sd = 0•1). One hundred patients (64%) were classified correctly; 46/156 (30%) were non-classifiable, and 10/156 (6%) were inconsistently classified. The 23 non-classifiable UCs comprised 21 pTa, one pT1 and one CIS; two pTa and one pT1 were inconsistently classified. Five patients with newly diagnosed cancers other than UC, seven with “no diagnosis” and 11 with benign conditions were misclassified as UC. Consideration of smoking, increased age and antihypertensive medication in addition to biomarker profiles may achieve more accurate classification of UC in hematuria patients. This novel approach to diagnostic classifiers, once fine-tuned, may have the potential to correctly classify low risk bladder tumours and to reduce false positive cases. Citation Format: Kate E. Williamson. Smoking and increased age in hematuric patients significantly confound the accuracy of classifiers for the diagnosis of urothelial cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 282. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-282
EGFR species with kinase domain activating mutations interact with the Hsp90 chaperone and are sensitive to degradation following exposure to Geldanamycin
Authors: Takeshi Shimamura, April Lowell, Jeffrey A. Engelman, Geoffrey I. Shapiro
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

1668 

Activating mutations in the kinase domain of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), including L858R and exon 19 deletions, underlie responsiveness to Gefitinib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). As acquired resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitors emerges over time, investigation of second generation targeted agents for this subset of lung cancers is warranted. Ansamycin antibiotics, such as geldanamycin (GA), potently inhibit Hsp90, promoting ubiquitin-mediated degradation of oncogenic kinases that require the chaperone for proper conformational folding, including Raf, v-Src, erbB2, Bcr-Abl, cdk4 as well as EGFRvIII, an EGFR variant found in glioblastomas. Here, we demonstrate that the L858R and deletion mutant EGFR proteins found in NSCLC also interact with the chaperone and are sensitive to degradation following Hsp90 inhibition. In NIH/3T3 cells exogenously expressing either wild type (WT) or mutant EGFR species, diminution of expression of both L858R and EGFR delE746-A750 occurred following exposure to 50 nM GA over 24 hrs, while partial diminution of wild-type EGFR required a minimum of 200 nM drug. In time course experiments, mutant EGFR expression was depleted after only 4 hrs of exposure to 1 ÂμM GA, while diminution of wild-type EGFR was less substantial and seen only following 12 hrs. Similar results were obtained with 17DMAG, a GA-derivative currently in clinical trial. The EGFR proteins in NSCLC cell lines harboring EGFR mutations, including NCI-H3255, NCI-H1650 and NCI-H1975 were also more sensitive to GA-induced degradation compared to the wild-type protein in A549 and NCI-H1666 cells, while several proteins dependent on Hsp90 for conformational maturation were equally affected among these cell lines. Most NSCLC undergo G1 arrest following GA-exposure, likely related to depletion of cdk4. However, NCI-H3255 cells, which undergo apoptosis in response to Gefitinib (Tracy et. al. Cancer Research 64: 7241-7244, 2004), are similarly killed by GA. Exposure of these cells to GA also induces marked depletion of phospho-Akt and cyclin D1. These data suggest mutational activation of EGFR is associated with dependence on Hsp90 for stability, and that Hsp90 inhibitors such as GA-derivatives may represent a novel strategy for the treatment of EGFR-mutant NSCLC.
Knocking the NT4 gene into the BDNF locus rescues BDNF deficient mice and reveals distinct NT4 and BDNF activities
Authors: Guoping Fan, Christophe Egles, Yi Sun, Liliana Minichiello, John J. Renger, Rüdiger Klein, Guosong Liu, Rudolf Jaenisch
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2000)
Runx2 in breast and prostate cancer cells: Roles in adhesion, invasion and tumor activity in bone
Authors: Jitesh Pratap, Jacqueline Akech, Krystin Bedard, Michael Breen, Andre J. Van Wijnen, Janet L. Stein, Gary S. Stein, Lucia Languino, Jane B. Lian
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

3971 

Runx2 is a transcription factor, regulating numerous target genes essential for processes required for bone formation; e.g. cell growth (p21), vascular invasion (VEGF), matrix synthesis (BSP, OCN, OPN) and turnover of bone tissue (MMP 9, MMP13). These Runx2 target genes are linked to invasion and metastatic properties of cancer cells. Runx2 is highly expressed in breast (MDA-MB-231) and prostate (PC3) metastatic cell lines, but only low levels are detected in non-metastatic cells (MCF-7; LnCaP). We have shown that bone lesions in SCID mice caused by MDA-MB-231 can be blocked by expression of functionally inactive Runx2 mutant proteins in these cells (Barnes et al, Cancer Res, 2004; Javed et al, Proc Natl Acad Sci, 2005). To characterize cancer cell properties in relation to Runx2, we examined mRNA levels of metastatic markers by quantitative RT-PCR analysis in PC-3 prostate cancer cells which express endogenous Runx2. Similar to findings in breast cancer cells, we now confirm in metastatic prostate cells that MMP9, MMP13, VEGF, OCN, OPN and survivin are expressed at 4-10 fold higher levels than in non-metastatic LnCaP prostate cells. Depletion of Runx2 by siRNA experiments in PC-3 cells shows downregulation of all MMPs and osteogenic markers. Importantly, overexpression of Runx2 correlates to increased expression of metastatic markers and cell invasion, while knockdown of Runx2 decreased cell invasion through matrigel. Based on these observations, a compelling question is how Runx2 is involved in mechanisms known to promote tumor cell interactions with bone. Microarray gene profiling comparing parental cells (expressing endogenous Runx2) and an MDA-MB-231 cell line expressing mutant Runx2 that prevented osteolysis in bone revealed that integrin expression levels (α3, β1 and β3) were deficient in the mutant Runx2 cells. Notably, β3 integrin is known to contribute to metastatic properties of cancer cells. We validated the microarray data by quantitative RT-PCR that inhibited Runx2 activity decreases expression of these integrins, while Runx2 overexpression in non-metastatic MCF-7 cells upregulates α3, β1 and β3 integrins and increases cell invasion. The adhesion properties of the cancer were also modified by Runx2 enforced expression or knock down. MDA-MB-231 and PC-3 cells were even less adhesive after Runx2 expression. MDA-MB-231 Runx2 mutant cell line or PC-3 cells treated with Runx2 siRNA resulted in increased adhesion on fibronectin coated plates compared to control cells. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that several integrins are newly identified targets of Runx2 gene regulation. We propose Runx2 is a key factor for transducing extracellular signals and regulating transcription of genes related to the tumorigenic properties of cells and the bone lesions induced by cancer cells in the skeleton.
Codon-Optimized Gaussia Luciferase cDNA for Mammalian Gene Expression in Culture and in Vivo
Authors: Bakhos A. Tannous, Dong-Eog Kim, Juliet L. Fernandez, Ralph Weissleder, Xandra O. Breakefield
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Photoproteins have played a major role in advancing our understanding of biological processes. A broader array of biocompatible, nontoxic, and novel reporters can serve to expand this potential. Here we describe the properties of a luciferase from the copepod marine organism Gaussia princeps. It is a monomeric protein composed of 185 aa (19.9 kDa) with a short coding sequence (555 bp) making it suitable for viral vectors. The humanized form of Gaussia luciferase (hGLuc) was efficiently expressed in mammalian cells following delivery by HSV-1 amplicon vectors. It was found to be nontoxic and naturally secreted, with flash bioluminescence characteristics similar to those of other coelenterazine luciferases. hGLuc generated over 1000-fold higher bioluminescent signal intensity from live cells together with their immediate environment and over 100-fold higher intensity from viable cells alone (not including secreted luciferase) or cell lysates, compared to humanized forms of firefly (hFLuc) and Renilla (hRLuc) luciferases expressed under similar conditions. Furthermore, hGLuc showed 200-fold higher signal intensity than hRLuc and intensity comparable to that of hFLuc in vivo under standard imaging conditions. Gaussia luciferase provides a sensitive means of imaging gene delivery and other events in living cells in culture and in vivo, with a unique combination of features including high signal intensity, secretion, and ATP independence, thus being able to report from the cells and their environment in real time.
The Art of Swallowing
Authors: Deborah Bogen
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12794: Hospital Length of Stay and Readmissions Post Heart Failure Hospitalization in the EVEREST Trial
Authors: Hassan Khan, Andreas P Kalogeropoulos, Andrew P Ambrosy, Aldo P Maggioni, Faiez Zannad, Marvin Konstam, Karl Swedberg, Clyde W Yancy, Gregg C Fonarow, Mihai Gheorghiade, Javed Butler
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Previous reports have provided conflicting data regarding the relationship between length of stay (LOS) and subsequent readmissions risk among patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF). Methods: We performed a post-hoc analysis of the Efficacy of Vasopressin Antagonism in Heart Failure Outcome Study with Tolvaptan (EVEREST) trial to evaluate the differences in LOS overall and between geographical regions (North America, South America, Western Europe, and Eastern Europe) in association with all-cause and cause specific (HF, cardiovascular [CV] non-HF and non-CV) readmissions within 30 days of discharge after HF hospitalization. Results: The median (IQR) LOS among the 4,133 patients enrolled from 20 countries across 359 sites was 8 (4-11) days. The 30-day readmissions rates were 15.6% (95% confidence intervals [CI] 14.6-16.8) for all-cause; 5.5% (95%CI 4.9-6.3) for HF; 4.4% (95%CI 3.8-5.1) for CV non-HF and 5.8% (95%CI 5.1-6.6) for non-CV readmissions. Overall there was a positive correlation between LOS and all cause readmissions (r=0.09; 95%CI 0.06-0.12). The adjusted odds ratio for the top (&gt;14 days) versus the bottom (&lt;3 days) quintile for LOS was 1.39 (95%CI 0. 92-2.11) for all-cause; 0.43 (95%CI 0.24-0.79) for HF; 2.99 (95%CI 1.49-6.02) for CV non-HF and 1.72 (95%CI 1.05-2.81) for non-CV readmissions, Figure 1. These findings remained consistent in analyses within patient characteristic subgroups and also largely within regions. Conclusions: Longer hospital LOS was associated with a higher risk for all-cause, CV non-HF, and non-CV readmissions, and with a lower risk of HF readmissions. These results may have important bearing in developing clinical and research strategies to reduce readmissions.