tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Completely Inverted Uterus Successfully Removed by Ligature
Authors: J. G. Crosse
Journal: BMJ (1844)

No. 43, is already sufficiently noticed.No. 44, the copy of the works of Galen, -exhibited by Mr. H. Jackson, is sufficiently interesting.The name, "1 Francisi Rabehesi," appears in manuscript on the title page, followed by the words, in a difterent hand
Hemangioma of the Scrotum and Penis in a Child Demonstrating a Perfusion-Blood Pool Mismatch on Tc-99m RBC Imaging
Authors: MIGUEL GORENBERG, DAVID GROSHAR
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1996)

Tc-99m autologous labeled RBCs have been used to determine the blood flow and blood pool characteristics of a variety of lesions. In this report, the use of Tc-99m RBC scintigraphy in a hemangioma of the scrotum and penis showing the typical perfusion-blood pool mismatch is presented.
TGF-β Blockade Controls Ascites by Preventing Abnormalization of Lymphatic Vessels in Orthotopic Human Ovarian Carcinoma Models
Authors: Shan Liao, Jieqiong Liu, Peichun Lin, Tony Shi, Rakesh K. Jain, Lei Xu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Ovarian cancer patients with malignant ascites have poor prognosis. The accumulation of ascites is caused by an imbalance between fluid extravasation from the blood vessels and reabsorption by lymphatic vessels. Whereas, the role of TGF-β in tumor progression has been well studied, the role of TGF-β in lymphatic vessel function is far from understood. Here, we sought to dissect the role of TGF-β blockade in the formation of ascites.We used soluble TGF-β Receptor II (sTβRII) to block TGF-β signaling in two orthotopic human ovarian carcinoma models: SKOV3ip1 and Hey-A8. We measured tumor proliferation, apoptosis, lymphangiogenesis, and angiogenesis by immunohistochemical staining, and examined diaphragm lymphatic vessel network by intraperitoneal injection of a fluorescent dye. Diaphragm lymphatic vessel function was assessed by tracking fluorescent beads in the diaphragm and measuring their drainage rate.TGF-β blockade impaired tumor growth in both models, accompanied by a decreased tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis. More strikingly, TGF-β blockade almost completely abolished ascites formation. TGF-β blockade significantly inhibited the expression of VEGF, which is the major contributor to ascites formation. At the same time, TGF-β blockade prevent 'abnormalization' of diaphragm lymphatic vessels and improved ascites drainage.TGF-β blockade decreased ascites by both inhibiting ascites formation and improving ascites drainage. Based on our finding, it is reasonable to consider the use of TGF-β blockade as a palliative treatment for symptomatic ascites.
AGE AND ONE-YEAR MORTALITY AFTER ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION TREATED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS INTERVENTION
Authors: Bimmer Claessen, Wouter J. Kikkert, Karel T. Koch, Marije M. Vis, Jan Baan, Martijn Meuwissen, Robbert J. de Winter, Jan GP Tijssen, Jan J. Piek, José PS Henriques
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Managed Care: Ethical Issues
Authors: John La Puma
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The recent exploration of the ideal physician-patient relationship is puzzling.<sup>1</sup>Physicians and patients are already in actual relationships, and practical help is needed to turn those relationships into partnerships within managed care. The modern physician-patient relationship without managed care now focuses on the individual patient, not a patient population. It recognizes patient autonomy as the key ethical principle, not proportionality. It values trust (and competence and compassion) more than accountability. It appreciates the subjectivity of patients' signs and symptoms and finds them difficult to quantify. It embodies a clinical approach to patient care, not an administrative one.<sup>2</sup> The most important anticipated change in the physician-patient relationship, however, is that more patients are likely to have one, even if the relationship under managed care is different and not ideal.<sup>3</sup>Managed care plans are more affordable than fee-for-service plans, and many people who enroll will have
Evidence-Based Treatment of Depression in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Madeline Li, Peter Fitzgerald, Gary Rodin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Depression is a common condition in patients with cancer, although there has been a relative paucity of research on the effectiveness of treatment in this population. This review summarizes the psychosocial and pharmacologic treatment of depression in patients with cancer based on a consideration of evidence regarding etiologic factors and treatment outcomes.A review of the evidence base for psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions for depression in patients with cancer was performed, including original studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analytic studies in the literature.Recent evidence from randomized controlled trials has demonstrated the efficacy of psychosocial and pharmacologic treatments to alleviate depression in patients with cancer. Further research is needed to establish their relative and combined efficacy and their role in the treatment of depression that is less severe and occurs in association with more advanced disease. First-line recommendations for the treatment of depression in patients with cancer are difficult to derive based on current evidence, because comparative studies have not been conducted to support the superiority of one treatment modality over another in this population.Both psychosocial and pharmacologic interventions have been shown to be efficacious in treating depression in cancer, but further research is needed to establish their relative and combined benefit. Future research directions include the development and evaluation of novel interventions targeted to specific biologic and psychosocial risk factors.
Removal of Solitary Metastasis to the Brain
Authors: Robert Raskind
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I congratulate Hendricks et al ("Seven-year 'Cure' of Lung Cancer with Metastasis to the Brain," 220:127, 1972) on their very fine presentation of an excellent clinical result. They chose wisely in publishing this report in a journal with large circulation and read by all disciplines of medical practice who might be called upon to see such a patient initially. For a long time, I have been urging my colleagues in neurosurgery to include such cases of removal of single or solitary metastatic lesions from the brain with good quality, long survival in widely read publications so that the information would be available to the primary care physicians. It is only by the realization that good results can be achieved in such situations that more cases of this type will be referred to neurosurgeons for evaluation and appropriate treatment.
The transcription factor c-Jun protects against sustained hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress thereby promoting hepatocyte survival
Authors: Matthias Fuest, Karolina Willim, Sabine MacNelly, Nicole Fellner, Guenter P. Resch, Hubert E. Blum, Peter Hasselblatt
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

Abstract Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to accumulation of hepatoviral or misfolded proteins is increasingly recognized as an important step in the pathogenesis of inflammatory, toxic, and metabolic liver diseases. ER stress results in the activation of several intracellular signaling pathways including Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The AP-1 (activating protein 1) transcription factor c-Jun is a prototypic JNK target and important regulator of hepatocyte survival, proliferation, and liver tumorigenesis. Because the functions of c-Jun during the ER stress response are poorly understood, we addressed this issue in primary hepatocytes and livers of hepatocyte-specific c-Jun knockout mice. ER stress was induced pharmacologically in vitro and in vivo and resulted in a rapid and robust induction of c-Jun protein expression. Interestingly, ER-stressed hepatocytes lacking c-Jun displayed massive cytoplasmic vacuolization due to ER distension. This phenotype correlated with exacerbated and sustained activation of canonical ER stress signaling pathways. Moreover, sustained ER stress in hepatocytes lacking c-Jun resulted in increased cell damage and apoptosis. ER stress is also a strong inducer of macroautophagy, a cell-protective mechanism of self-degradation of cytoplasmic components and organelles. Interestingly, autophagosome numbers in response to ER stress were reduced in hepatocytes lacking c-Jun . To further validate these findings, macroautophagy was inhibited chemically in ER-stressed wildtype hepatocytes, which resulted in cytoplasmic vacuolization and increased cell damage closely resembling the phenotypes observed in c-Jun -deficient cells. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that c-Jun protects hepatocytes against excessive activation of the ER stress response and subsequent cell death and provide evidence that c-Jun functionally links ER stress responses and macroautophagy. (Hepatology 2012)
Impact of Plasma Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Removal on Atherosclerosis
Authors: Yasushi Ishigaki, Hideki Katagiri, Junhong Gao, Tetsuya Yamada, Junta Imai, Kenji Uno, Yutaka Hasegawa, Keizo Kaneko, Takehide Ogihara, Hisamitsu Ishihara, Yuko Sato, Kenji Takikawa, Norihisa Nishimichi, Haruo Matsuda, Tatsuya Sawamura, Yoshitomo Oka
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Several clinical studies of statin therapy have demonstrated that lowering low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol prevents atherosclerotic progression and decreases cardiovascular mortality. In addition, oxidized LDL (oxLDL) is suggested to play roles in the formation and progression of atherosclerosis. However, whether lowering oxLDL alone, rather than total LDL, affects atherogenesis remains unclear.To clarify the atherogenic impact of oxLDL, lectin-like oxLDL receptor 1 (LOX-1), an oxLDL receptor, was expressed ectopically in the liver with adenovirus administration in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice at 46 weeks of age. Hepatic LOX-1 expression enhanced hepatic oxLDL uptake, indicating functional expression of LOX-1 in the liver. Although plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol levels were unaffected, plasma oxLDL was markedly and transiently decreased in LOX-1 mice. In controls, atherosclerotic lesions, detected by Oil Red O staining, were markedly increased (by 38%) during the 4-week period after adenoviral administration. In contrast, atherosclerotic progression was almost completely inhibited by hepatic LOX-1 expression. In addition, plasma monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and lipid peroxide levels were decreased, whereas adiponectin was increased, suggesting decreased systemic oxidative stress. Thus, LOX1 expressed in the livers of apolipoprotein E-deficient mice transiently removes oxLDL from circulating blood and possibly decreases systemic oxidative stress, resulting in complete prevention of atherosclerotic progression despite the persistence of severe LDL hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia.OxLDL has a major atherogenic impact, and oxLDL removal is a promising therapeutic strategy against atherosclerosis.
Epidermal Langerhans cells, HIV-1 infection and psoriasis
Authors: V. ZEMELMAN, F. NEER, N. ROBERTS, P. PATEL, J. LANGTRY, R.C.D. STAUGHTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1994)

Langerhans cells (LCs) subserve an important antigen-presenting function in the skin immune system. They bear CD4 receptors, which make them potential targets for infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). The observation of reduced numbers of LCs in the skin of patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and the association of severe psoriasis with HIV-1 infection, raise interesting questions regarding the role of LCs in the skin of HIV-1-positive psoriatic patients. In this study, LCs were quantified in the lesional and non-lesional skin of seven HIV-1-positive psoriatic patients, and the results were compared with age-, sex- and site-matched HIV-1-negative psoriatic patients. The number of LCs was determined by staining skin sections with S-100 polyclonal antibody, using the three-step avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. The S-100-positive cells above the basal layer were quantified in two ways: cells/mm2 of epidermal area, and cells/mm of length of basement membrane. HIV-1-positive psoriatic patients showed a reduction in the number of epidermal LCs compared with HIV-1-negative psoriatic patients using both methods of quantification, in both lesional and non-lesional skin (P < 0.05, Mann-Whitney test). In addition, a reduction in the number of LCs in lesional compared with non-lesional skin was observed in both HIV-1-positive and -negative patients when LCs were quantified per mm2 of epidermal area (P < 0.05, Wilcoxon test).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effects of Vildagliptin on Glucose Control Over 24 Weeks in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Inadequately Controlled With Metformin
Authors: Emanuele Bosi, Riccardo Paolo Camisasca, Carole Collober, Erika Rochotte, Alan J. Garber
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

We sought to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin, a new dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, added to metformin during 24 weeks of treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes.This was a double-blind, randomized, multicenter, parallel group study of a 24-week treatment with 50 mg vildagliptin daily (n = 177), 100 mg vildagliptin daily (n = 185), or placebo (n = 182) in patients continuing a stable metformin dose regimen (> or =1,500 mg/day) but achieving inadequate glycemic control (A1C 7.5-11%).The between-treatment difference (vildagliptin-placebo) in adjusted mean change (AMDelta) +/- SE in A1C from baseline to end point was -0.7 +/- 0.1% (P < 0.001) and -1.1 +/- 0.1% (P < 0.001) in patients receiving 50 or 100 mg vildagliptin daily, respectively. The between-treatment difference in the AMDelta fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was -0.8 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (P = 0.003) and -1.7 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (P < 0.001) in patients receiving 50 or 100 mg vildagliptin daily, respectively. Adverse events (AEs) were reported by 63.3, 65.0, and 63.5% of patients receiving 50 mg vildagliptin daily, 100 mg vildagliptin daily, or placebo, respectively. Gastrointestinal AEs were reported by 9.6 (P = 0.022 vs. placebo), 14.8, and 18.2% of patients receiving 50 mg vildagliptin daily, 100 mg vildagliptin daily, or placebo, respectively. One patient in each treatment group experienced one mild hypoglycemic event.Vildagliptin is well tolerated and produces clinically meaningful, dose-related decreases in A1C and FPG as add-on therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by metformin.
Delayed versus immediate treatment for patients with acute hepatitis C: a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial
Authors: Katja Deterding, Norbert Grüner, Peter Buggisch, Johannes Wiegand, Peter R Galle, Ulrich Spengler, Holger Hinrichsen, Thomas Berg, Andrej Potthoff, Nisar Malek, Anika Großhennig, Armin Koch, Helmut Diepolder, Stefan Lüth, Sandra Feyerabend, Maria Christina Jung, Magdalena Rogalska-Taranta, Verena Schlaphoff, Markus Cornberg, Michael P Manns, Heiner Wedemeyer
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2013)
Magnesium enhances function of postischaemic human myocardial tissue
Authors: S. Lareau, A. Boyle, R. Deslauriers, W. J Keon, T. Kroft, R. S Labow
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

The effect of Mg2+ on the developed force and concentrations of high energy phosphate metabolites in isolated human atrial trabeculae has been investigated.Human atrial trabeculae, obtained from right atrial appendages of patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass, were dissected at room temperature in modified Krebs-Henseleit buffer containing 1.2 or 16 mM Mg2+, mounted on muscle stands, and rewarmed to 34 degrees C in the same buffer. After 30 minutes, their mechanical function was assessed. At the end of the protocol, trabeculae were fast frozen for measurement of concentrations of metabolites of high energy phosphates.Trabeculae collected and rewarmed in 16 mM Mg2+ Krebs-Henseleit buffer showed significantly higher mean developed force (0.59(SEM 0.10) g, p < 0.01) than those rewarmed in 1.2 mM Mg2+ Krebs-Henseleit buffer (0.32(0.03) g). Trabeculae that had a developed force > or = 0.8 g, a resting force < or = 0.7 g, and a cross sectional area < or = 1 mm2 ("functional" trabeculae) were selected for further comparison. New reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography techniques developed for the analysis of small samples (0.5-5 mg dry weight) were used to measure nucleotide, nucleoside, and creatine compounds. Total adenylate (ATP+ADP+AMP) concentrations in trabeculae revived in the presence of 16 mM Mg2+ (15.4(1.1) mumol.g-1 dry weight) were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than in those revived with 1.2 mM Mg2+ (11.8(1.0) mumol.g-1), but lower (p < 0.01) than in trabeculae fast frozen immediately after removal from the patient (22.6(1.0) mumol.g-1). There were no significant differences in NAD and total creatine (phosphocreatine+creatine) concentrations between the three groups.The presence of high Mg2+ during the rewarming of human atrial trabecular preparations maintains a significantly higher developed force and a significantly higher total adenylate pool than does collection and rewarming with normal concentrations of Mg2+.
CHROMOSOMAL FINDINGS IN ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKAEMIA OF CHILDHOOD: AN INDEPENDENT PROGNOSTIC FACTOR
Authors: G John Swansbury, LornaM Secker-Walker, SylviaD Lawler, RogerM Hardisty, StephenE Sallan, O Margaret Garson, Masaharu Sakurai
Journal: The Lancet (1981)
Abnormal ECG Findings In Turkish Adults: An Epidemiologic Observational Study
Authors: Ahmet Karabacak, Yasin Türker, Hakan Tibilli, Yasemin Türker, Sinan Albayrak, İsmail Ekinözü, Sübhan Yalcın, Hakan Ozhan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Aureomycin in the Treatment of the Common Cold
Authors: R. J. Hoagland, E. N. Deitz, P. W. Myers, H. C. Cosand
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

BECAUSE of the effectiveness of aureomycin in the treatment of primary atypical pneumonia of unknown etiology, often called virus pneumonia, and on many bacterial and nonbacterial microorganisms, an investigation, under controlled conditions, of its effect on the common cold appeared desirable. No such study has been reported, but Finland and his associates1 stated that 10 patients with acute respiratory disease appeared to benefit from the use of aureomycin. These patients did not have pneumonia or influenza; 3 had tonsillitis or nasopharyngitis, and 7 could be classified as having a common cold or "undifferentiated acute respiratory disease" or "clinical influenza." Herrell, . . .
1095-199 Disparity between dobutamine stress and physical exercise magnetic resonance imaging in patients with an intra-atrial correction for transposition of the great arteries
Authors: Thomas Oosterhof, Igor Tulevski, Arno Roest, Paul Steendijk, Hubert Vliegen, Albert de Roos, Jan Tijssen, Barbara Mulder
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Gene silencing in cancer by histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation independent of promoter DNA methylation
Authors: Yutaka Kondo, Lanlan Shen, Alfred S Cheng, Saira Ahmed, Yanis Boumber, Chantale Charo, Tadanori Yamochi, Takeshi Urano, Koichi Furukawa, Bernard Kwabi-Addo, David L Gold, Yoshitaka Sekido, Tim Hui-Ming Huang, Jean-Pierre J Issa
Journal: Nature Genetics (2008)
Tumor Metastasis to the Heart
Authors: J. M. YOUNG, I. RALPH GOLDMAN
Journal: Circulation (1954)

This article is a survey of 476 consecutive cases of tumor death for heart involvement. The somewhat selected group of cases (from a Veterans Administration hospital) shows an incidence of cardiac metastasis of 19.1 per cent. The bulk of tumors metastasizing to the heart were bronchogenic carcinoma, malignant melanoma, malignant lymphoma, and carcinoma of the pancreas and esophagus. Electrocardiographic changes were frequent and correlated fairly closely with the anatomic extent of the disease. The related literature is reviewed.
Nonenterococcal Group-D Streptococcal Endocarditis Caused by Streptococcus bovis
Authors: WILLIAM L. HOPPES
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Streptococcal endocarditis has classically been divided into two distinct etiologic categories, the viridans group and the enterococci, the latter containing the group-D antigen. Enterococcal endocarditis requires a more prolonged multidrug therapeutic regimen than infection caused by the viridans group organisms. The group-D streptococci include two nonenterococcal species, Streptococcus bovis and S. equinus, which may be mistaken for enterococci in the clinical laboratory; however, S. bovis is readily distinguished from the enterococci by screening with bile-esculin hydrolysis and growth in 6.5% NaCl broth. Our clinical and in-vitro data indicate that patients with endocarditis caused by S. bovis or the enterococci share common gastrointestinal and genitourinary disease antecedents, but therapeutically and prognostically S. bovis endocarditis more closely resembles infection with the viridans group organisms. Reports of endocarditis caused by penicillin-sensitive "enterococci" were probably unrecognized examples of S. bovis infection, which warrants recognition as a separate category of streptococcal endocarditis.
Emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae during the years 2000 and 2004 in Helsinki, Finland
Authors: S.D. Forssten, E. Kolho, A. Lauhio, L. Lehtola, S. Mero, A. Oksaharju, J. Jalava, E. Tarkka, M. Vaara, J. Vuopio-Varkila
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil as single-agent therapy for refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Drew Provan, Ashley J. Moss, Adrian C. Newland, James B. Bussel
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Refractory disease occurs in 25% or more of adults with idiopathic (immune) thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Therapy to elevate the platelet count may be required in a proportion of these patients. Immunosuppressive agents such as prednisone, azathioprine, cyclophosphamide, and cyclosporin have been shown to be effective treatments in a proportion of patients with refractory ITP. A newer immunosuppressive medication, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), has been used successfully with acceptable toxicity in solid organ transplant patients to reduce the risk of organ rejection. The goal of this study was to determine whether MMF is an effective treatment for refractory ITP. Efficacy, defined as a sustained platelet increase to a level greater than 50 × 10 9 /L, was seen in 7 of 18 patients with refractory ITP. Three of these 7 patients have had intermittent thrombocytopenic episodes while continuing the medication. No severe toxicity was seen, although two of the 18 patients discontinued MMF within the first month of treatment because of side effects, i.e., headache. In summary, MMF may be a useful component of a combination protocol but does not appear to be highly effective as sole therapy in patients with refractory ITP. The data suggests that response rates to MMF may be higher in patients who have had a shorter duration of their ITP. Am. J. Hematol. 81:19–25, 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.