tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Targeted phototherapy of plaque-type psoriasis using ultraviolet B-light-emitting diodes
Authors: L. Kemény, Z. Csoma, E. Bagdi, A.H. Banham, L. Krenács, A. Koreck
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

One of the major technological breakthroughs in the last decade is represented by the diversified medical applications of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). LEDs emitting in the ultraviolet (UV) B spectrum might serve as a more convenient alternative for targeted delivery of phototherapy in inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis.We investigated the efficacy and safety of a new UVB-LED phototherapeutic device in chronic plaque-type psoriasis.Twenty patients with stable plaque-type psoriasis were enrolled into a prospective, right-left comparative, open study. Symmetrical lesions located on extremities or trunk were chosen; one lesion was treated with the study device, whereas the other lesion served as an untreated control. Two treatment regimens were used in the study, one with an aggressive dose escalation similar to those used for outpatient treatment and one with slow increase in dose, similar to those used for treatment at home.Patients in both groups responded rapidly to the UVB-LED therapy. Early disease resolution was observed in 11 patients (seven in the first group and four in the second group). Overall improvement at end of therapy was 93% in the high-dose group and 84% in the low-dose group. Four patients from the high-dose group and five from the low-dose group were still in remission at the 6-month follow-up visit.These results suggest that this innovative UVB-LED device is effective in the treatment of localized psoriasis and may be useful in other UV-responsive skin diseases.
LOPP alternating with EVAP is superior to LOPP alone in the initial treatment of advanced Hodgkin's disease: results of a British National Lymphoma Investigation trial.
Authors: B W Hancock, G Vaughan Hudson, B Vaughan Hudson, M H Bennett, K A MacLennan, J L Haybittle, L Anderson, D C Linch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE The purpose of this randomized trial was to compare the efficacy of eight cycles of chlorambucil, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (LOPP) with four cycles of LOPP that alternate with four cycles of etoposide, vinblastine, Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Familitalia Carlo Erba, Ltd, UK), and prednisone (EVAP) in patients with advanced Hodgkin's disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between June 1983 and December 1989, 594 patients were entered onto the study. Of the 594, 295 patients were allocated to receive LOPP, and 299 were allocated to receive LOPP/EVAP. RESULTS The complete remission (CR) rates were 57% and 64%, respectively, after initial chemotherapy (difference not significant [NS]), and 65% and 75%, respectively, after the subsequent administration of radiotherapy to residual masses (P less than .01). The procedure associated mortality in the LOPP and LOPP/EVAP arms was 1% and 3%, respectively. The actuarial CR relapse-free survival was significantly greater in the LOPP/EVAP arm (P less than .001) as was the overall survival (P less than .05). The CR relapse-free rate, disease-free survival (DFS) rate, and overall survival rate at 5 years were 52%, 32%, and 66%, respectively, in the LOPP arm, compared with 72%, 47%, and 75% in the LOPP/EVAP arm, respectively. CONCLUSION These results indicate that LOPP and EVAP is superior to LOPP alone as initial treatment for advanced Hodgkin's disease.
The treatment of localized non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in children: a report from the Children's Cancer Study Group.
Authors: R D Jenkin, J R Anderson, R R Chilcote, P F Coccia, P R Exelby, J H Kersey, J H Kushner, A T Meadows, S E Siegel, R Sposto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Investigators of the Children's Cancer Study Group entered 73 children with previously untreated localized non-Hodgkin's lymphoma on a prospective randomized trial of systemic treatment with either a four-drug program (cyclophosphamide, vincristine, methotrexate, prednisone [COMP]) or a 10-drug (LSA2-L2 modified) program of 18 months duration. All patients received central nervous system prophylaxis with intrathecal methotrexate and most received local or regional radiation treatment. The three-year relapse-free survival rate for all patients (N = 73) was 84%; for COMP (N = 42) was 85%, and for LSA2-L2 (N = 31) was 84%. Of the 12 patients who suffered adverse events eight relapsed and four died of toxicity. Histopathology was reviewed centrally. Of 32 patients with nonlymphoblastic disease treated with COMP only one relapsed. Of 26 patients treated with LSA2-L2, four relapsed. Patients with localized lymphoblastic disease were uncommon. None of three patients treated with LSA2-L2 relapsed compared with three of nine treated with COMP. COMP is an excellent treatment for patients with localized disease of nonlymphoblastic type, but the relative value of the two regimens for patients with localized lymphoblastic disease is uncertain.
Stereotactic Single-Dose Radiation Therapy of Liver Tumors: Results of a Phase I/II Trial
Authors: Klaus K. Herfarth, Jürgen Debus, Frank Lohr, Malte L. Bahner, Bernhard Rhein, Peter Fritz, Angelika Höss, Wolfgang Schlegel, Michael F. Wannenmacher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility and the clinical response of a stereotactic single-dose radiation treatment for liver tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between April 1997 and September 1999, a stereotactic single-dose radiation treatment of 60 liver tumors (four primary tumors, 56 metastases) in 37 patients was performed. Patients were positioned in an individually shaped vacuum pillow. The applied dose was escalated from 14 to 26 Gy (reference point), with the 80% isodose surrounding the planning target volume. Median tumor size was 10 cm 3 (range, 1 to 132 cm 3 ). The morbidity, clinical outcome, laboratory findings, and response as seen on computed tomography (CT) scan were evaluated. RESULTS: Follow-up data could be obtained from 55 treated tumors (35 patients). The median follow-up period was 5.7 months (range, 1.0 to 26.1 months; mean, 9.5 months). The treatment was well tolerated by all patients. There were no major side effects. Fifty-four (98%) of 55 tumors were locally controlled after 6 weeks at the initial follow-up based on the CT findings (22 cases of stable disease, 28 partial responses, and four complete responses). After a dose-escalating and learning phase, the actuarial local tumor control rate was 81% at 18 months after therapy. A total of 12 local failures were observed during follow-up. So far, the longest local tumor control is 26.1 months. CONCLUSION: Stereotactic single-dose radiation therapy is a feasible method for the treatment of singular inoperable liver metastases with the potential of a high local tumor control rate and low morbidity.
Remodelling of cytoskeleton towards a softer cell by latrunculin prevents stretch-induced apoptosis in alveolar type II cells
Authors: Hartmut Kuhn, Thomas Fuchs, Franziska Wetzel, Stephan Hammerschmidt, Josef A. Käs, Hubert Wirtz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Cyclic stretching of alveolar type II (ATII) cells is associated with alterations of the actin cytoskeleton and has been shown to induce apoptosis.  Objectives: We hypothesize that the cytoskeleton of ATII cells and its viscoelastic properties are involved in the mediation of high amplitude mechanical stretch-induced apoptosis. Therefore we investigated the influence of the actin-modulating drug Latrunculin D on viscoelastic properties and stretch-induced apoptosis of ATII cells.  Methods: Alveolar type II (ATII) cells from Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to cyclic stretching using a pattern characterized by frequency of 40 [min-1] and an amplitude of 30 [%]. During stretching cells were treated with Latrunculin D. After stretching we determined apoptosis and cell injury using an Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit and the Cytotoxicity Detection kit. Further, elasticity measurements of Latrunculin treated cells were performed with the atomic force microscope (AFM) and the optical stretcher.  Results: Determination of elastic modulus using the AFM showed that Latrunculin reduced stiffness of ATII cells (83,5%). Using the optical stretcher ATII cells treated with Latrunculin showed a higher deformation than controls (25,3%). Treatment of overstretched cells with Latrunculin reduced significant the number of apoptotic cells (control 30,0%, Latrunculin 19,1%) and decrease the level of LDH (control 0,21 U/ml; Latrunculin 0,13 U/ml).  Conclusions: We conclude that the remodelling of cytoskeleton toward a softer cell is a protective mechanism against stretch-induced apoptosis in ATII cells.
Technical feasibility of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence and previous axillary surgery
Authors: Akiko Matsumoto, Hiromitsu Jinno, Tetsuya Nakamura, Junichi Saito, Maiko Takahashi, Tetsu Hayashida, Kaori Kameyama, Yuko Kitagawa
Journal: International Journal of Surgery (2015)
Effects of smoking and smoking cessation on decline in pulmonary function
Authors: Shinobu Osanai, Mie Aoki, Toshiyuki Ogasa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

(Background) Natural course of pulmonary function after smoking cessation is still unclear. We sought to assess influences of smoking habits to lung function in subjects without pulmonary disorders.  (Subjects and Methods) Total of 860 subjects were recruited from patients who attended to rural primary care clinics except for respiratory disorders. Each participant was asked to answer a questionnaire including smoking history and measure forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in on second (FEV1).  (Results) Both %FEV1 (measured FEV1 / predicted FEV1 X 100) in current smokers (CS) and %FEV1 in ex-smokers (ES) were lower than %FEV1 in non-smokers (NS). There was no difference in %FEV1 among the subgroups divided by age both in current smokers and ex-smokers. Also, there was no difference in %FEV1 among the subgroups divided by duration of smoking cessation in ex-smokers. Multivariate analysis showed that age, hight and amount of cigarette smoking were significantly related to FEV1 both in male CS and male ES. In male CS, the estimated decline of FEV1 per age was 26.9 mL and excess of decline pack-year of smoking was 2.6 mL. In male ES, The estimated decline of FEV1 per age was 25.9 mL and excess of decline pack-year of smoking was 1.3 mL.  (Conclusion) Our data suggested that influences of smoking on FEV1 were observed even in healthy ex-smokers.
O-021 Analysis of DNA mismatch repair and clinical outcome in stage III colon cancers from patients treated with adjuvant FOLFOX +/- cetuximab in the PETACC8 and NCCTG N0147 adjuvant trials
Authors: A. Zaanan, Q. Shi, J. Taieb, S. Alberts, T. Smyrk, C. Julie, A. Zawadi, J. Tabernero, E. Mini, R. Goldberg, G. Folprecht, J.L. Van Laethem, K. Le Malicot, D. Sargent, P. Laurent Puig, F. Sinicrope
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Intergroup RTOG 98–11: A phase III randomized study of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), mitomycin, and radiotherapy versus 5-fluorouracil, cisplatin and radiotherapy in carcinoma of the anal canal
Authors: J. A. Ajani, K. A. Winter, L. L. Gunderson, J. Pedersen, A. B. Benson, C. Thomas, R. J. Mayer, M. G. Haddock, C. Willett, C. Willett, T. A. Rich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

4009 Background: An ∼65% 5-year disease-free-survival (DFS) rate from 5-FU/mitomycin/radiation for anal carcinoma needs improvement. Methods: A phase III randomized trial compared 5-FU (1,000mg/m 2 days 1–4 and 29–32) plus mitomycin (10mg/m 2 days 1 and 29) and radiation (45 to 59 Gy) (Arm A) to 5-FU (1,000mg/m 2 days 1–4, 29–32, 57–60 and 85–88) plus cisplatin (75mg/m 2 on days 1, 29, 57 and 85) and radiation (45 to 59 Gy; start day=57) (Arm B) in anal carcinoma patients. Stratification included gender, clinical N status and tumor diameter. Primary endpoint was DFS. Statistical power was 80% with two-sided test to detect 10% DFS increase for Arm B. Results: Of 682 patients accrued, 598 were analyzable. Most unanalyzed patients’ data are early. Patient characteristics were balanced. Median age was 55 years, women predominated (69%), 27.5% had &gt;5 cm tumor diameter and 26% had clinically N+ cancer. Preliminary 5-year estimated DFS was 56% for Arm A and 48% for Arm B (p=0.28) and 5-year estimated overall survival was 69% for both arms (p=0.24). Men(p=0.04), clinically N+ cancer (p&lt;0.0001) and tumor diameter &gt;5 cm (p=0.005) independently prognosticated DFS in a multivariate analysis. 5-year colostomy rate was 10% for Arm A and 20% for arm B(p=0.12). Grade 3/4 toxicity rates: non-hematologic=76% for Arm A and 75% for Arm B but hematologic=67% for Arm A and 47% for Arm B(p=0.0004). Conclusions: In Intergroup-98–11, induction 5-FU/cisplatin followed by 5-FU/cisplatin/radiation failed to improve DFS compared to the standard treatment, 5-FU/mitomycin/radiation. Supported by RTOG U10 CA21661, CCOP U10 CA37422, Stat U10 CA32115. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Correlation of RTOG 9704 (adjuvant therapy (rx) of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (pan ca)) radiation therapy quality assurance scores (RTQASc) with survival (S)
Authors: R. A. Abrams, K. A. Winter, W. F. Regine, H. Safran, J. P. Hoffman, A. A. Konski, A. B. Benson, J. S. Macdonald, T. A. Rich, C. G. Willett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

4523 Background: RTOG 9704 demonstrated a marginal S advantage (p=0.054) in multivariate analysis (MVA) of Gemcitabine (G) over 5FU before and after 5FU+RT for patients (pts) with pan ca resected for cure from the pan head but not from non-head sites (ASCO 2006, ASTRO 2006). This analysis was undertaken to assess the impact of RTQASc on S, S by treatment (rx) arm, and toxicity by rx arm. Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective, randomized, phase III trial of the RTOG, ECOG, and SWOG. RTQASc was graded as per protocol (PP) or less than (&lt;) PP. Using prospectively defined guidelines, &lt;PP scores were variation acceptable (VA), variation unacceptable (VU), or incomplete/not evaluable (I/NE). I/NE pts were excluded from further analysis. Toxicities were scored by CTC, v 2.0. S is expressed as median S in yrs. Results: 416 pts had RTQASc of PP (216, 52%) or &lt;PP (200, 48%; 42% VA, 6% VU). Frequency of PP and &lt;PP did not differ by rx arm (PP = 55% on 5FU arm and 48% on G arm). Looking at PP vs &lt;PP frequency of Grade 3+ Heme and Non- Heme toxicity did not vary significantly on the 5FU arm but did show a trend of &lt; toxicity for PP pts on the G arm ( Table ). In contrast, S was increased for all (head, non-head) PP pts (median S 1.74 vs 1.47 yrs, p=0.019) and, in MVA, score of PP significantly impacted on S (p=0.02) but rx arm did not. PP and &lt;PP S curves began to diverge at 14–15 months post surgery. For head pts, in MVA, RTQASc (PP superior to &lt;PP) and rx arm (G superior to 5FU) both correlated with S (p=0.04, p=0.03, respectively). On the G arm PP pts had S of 1.89 yrs, significantly &gt; than S of VA (1.41yrs) and VU (1.37yrs) pts. Conclusions: In this study prospectively defined RTQASc significantly correlated with S and effect of rx arm on S and showed a weaker effect on toxicity (G arm only). Timing of appearance of RTQASc effect on S implies effect on tumor control. In this context failure to consider RTQASc may confound observed outcomes and confuse correct understanding of the importance of RT. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Dkk‐1–Mediated Inhibition of Wnt Signaling in Bone Ameliorates Osteoarthritis in Mice
Authors: Thomas Funck‐Brentano, Wafa Bouaziz, Caroline Marty, Valerie Geoffroy, Eric Hay, Martine Cohen‐Solal
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective Wnt signaling is a master regulator of joint homeostasis, but its role in osteoarthritis (OA) remains unclear. This study was undertaken to characterize the activation of Wnt/β‐catenin in knee joints of mice with OA and to assess how inhibiting this pathway in bone could affect cartilage. Methods OA was induced by partial meniscectomy in Topgal mice and in transgenic mice overexpressing Dkk‐1 under the control of the 2.3‐kb Col1a1 promoter (Col1a1‐Dkk‐1–Tg mice). Wnt/β‐catenin activation was assessed by X‐Gal staining at baseline and at weeks 4, 6, and 9. Cartilage and bone damage was analyzed in Col1a1‐Dkk‐1–Tg mice with OA at week 6. Primary chondrocytes and cartilage explants were used to assess the effect of Dkk‐1 on cartilage catabolism. Results In meniscectomized Topgal mice, Wnt was mainly activated in osteocytes from the subchondral bone at week 6 after OA induction, as well as in osteophytes and synovium at week 4. Chondrocytes from damaged zones expressed X‐Gal from week 4. Dkk‐1 expression was high in chondrocytes in control mouse knees (mean ± SEM 84.2 ± 3.1%) but decreased greatly in knees of meniscectomized mice from week 4 (mean ± SEM 14.4 ± 3.8%). The OA score was lower in meniscectomized Col1a1‐Dkk‐1–Tg mice at week 6 compared with wild‐type mice (5.1 ± 0.6 versus 8.4 ± 0.6; P = 0.002). Subchondral bone fraction and osteophyte volume were decreased. However, cartilage explants from Col1a1‐Dkk‐1–Tg mice showed proteoglycan loss and increased NITEGE expression. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was reduced in osteoblasts from Col1a1‐Dkk‐1–Tg mice, thereby decreasing expression of messenger RNA for matrix metalloproteinases in chondrocytes. Conclusion Wnt activation in OA affects the whole joint, particularly bone. Selective inhibition of this pathway in bone by Dkk‐1 decreased OA severity through VEGF inhibition.
Prognostic impact of circulating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA concentration and EBV serology in T-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (T-NHL)
Authors: C. C. Guo, Y. Huang, J. Xiao, Y. J. Zhang, Y. Tian, S. S. Wang, Y. B. Cao, X. Fu, L. Z. Zhai, T. Y. Lin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

8556 Background: The level of circulating EBV DNA concentration is a prognostic marker in patients with some EBV-associated malignant diseases. To evaluate the prognostic impact of serum EBV DNA and serum anti-EBV antibodies in T-NHL, this prospective study was conducted by our cancer center. Methods: From Jan 2002 to Dec 2006, paired plasma and serum samples from 125 previously untreated T-NHL patients were collected and subjected to a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for EBV DNA measurement and an immunoenzyme assay for anti-EBV antibodies(VCA-IgA, EA-IgA). The patients were including 49 extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma, nasal type (ENKL), 34 peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified, 21 anaplalstic large cell lymphoma, 15 lymphoblastic T-cell lymphoma, 5 angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma, 1 subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma. The effects of both assays on the prognosis of patient were thoroughly investigated. Results: The positive rate of circulating EBV DNA is 39.2%, with a median concentration of 13400 copies/ml. The EBV DNA positive rate of ENKL is 69.4%, higher than other subtypes (P<0.001).The positive circulating EBV DNA group has a lower complete remission (CR) rate(38.8%vs57.9%, P=0.037), higher relapse rate(42.1%vs18.2%, P=0.045)than negative one. A significant correlation is also found between the EBV DNA level and CR rate in ENKL subtype. The 5-year DFS and 5-year OS decreased with the dose of circulating EBV DNA group (DFS: negative group74.4% VS ≤13400 copies/ml group62.9% VS >13400 copies/ml group25.7%,P=0.015; OS: negative group 60.2% VS ≤13400copies/ml group 52.6% VS >13400copies/ml group 42.9%,P=0.03). The positive rates of VCA-IgA and EA-IgA are 30.6% and 1.6% respectively, and both of the titers could not predict the efficacy and survivals. Conclusions: The positive rate of circulating EBV DNA is much higher in ENKL than other subtypes of T- NHL. Circulating EBV DNA concentration, as measured by real-time PCR, is superior to serum anti-EBV antibodies in prognostic predictions for T-NHL, and patients with higher EBV DNA load may undergo more aggressive biological behavior. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Control of jejunal sucrase and maltase activity by dietary sucrose of fructose in man
Authors: Norton S. Rosensweig, Robert H. Herman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

The specific effect of dietary sugars on jejunal disaccharidase activity in seven normal nonfasted male volunteers was studied. The sugars tested were sucrose, maltose, lactose, glucose, fructose, and galactose. Comparisons were made of the effects of each sugar in an isocaloric liquid diet.
Interleukin 27 (IL27): A new tool for lung cancer gene immunotherapy?
Authors: Tomasz Wandtke, Marek Jankowski, Piotr Kopinski, Mariusz Bella, Janusz Kowalewski, Adam Szpechcinski, Ewelina Pólgesek
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Recent studies reported strong anti-tumor activity of APC-derived IL27, cytokine driving Th1 immunity and stimulates cytotoxic response. However, IL27 has not been considered yet as a tool in lung cancer gene immunotherapy.

Aims: Construction of a plasmid encoding IL27. Evaluation of its transfection efficacy in non-small (A549) and small (NCI-H82) cell lung cancer model lines.

Methods: IL27 cDNA was cloned into pSMx-IG plasmid. Lung cancer cells (A549 and NCI-H82) were transfected either with IL27 construct (pXMs-IL27) or empty plasmid as a control. Transfection efficacy was proved by RT-PCR and anti-IL27 immunostaining. Cell cycle and apoptosis (TUNEL assay) was assessed by flow cytometry.

Results: pXMs-IL27-transfected cancer cells expressed IL27, as it was revealed by positive RT-PCR and flow cytometry (A549: 79%; NCI-H82: 56%, median of 5 experiments). Unexpectedly baseline IL27 expression was also found in non-transfected cells, particulary in A549 line (40%). Tumor cells transfected with pXMs-IL27 plasmid showed intense apoptosis, as compared with empty plasmid control.

Conclusions: We proposed the model of future lung cancer gene immunotherapy with use of IL27 encoding plasmid. However, low IL27 expression in non-transfected lung cancer cells calls in question its antitumor activity as a local immune stimulator. On the other hand, increased apoptosis of transfected cancer cells was observed, suggesting direct impact of IL27 on tumor cells.
Upper limb strength and lung function as determinants of upper limb work capacity in COPD
Authors: Jennifer Alison, Peter Bye, Zoe McKeough
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim:  To determine the relationship between upper limb strength, lung function and upper limb exercise capacity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).  Methods:  Repeated measures design. Participants were included if they had a diagnosis of COPD, FEV 1 /FVC ratio  et al.  JCRP 2003;23:24-30), isometric upper limb strength measurements using a hand held dynamometer. Dominant arm strength was calculated by the mean of the following strength measurements: shoulder flexion & extension, horizontal abduction & adduction, internal & external rotation and elbow flexion. SAE and UAE were performed in random order based on concealed allocation sequence.  Results:  68 participants completed the study, mean (SD) age 65(8) yrs, FEV 1  %pred 50 (17)%, FVC %pred 77 (17)%, FEV 1 /FVC 0.48 (0.1). Peak oxygen consumption (VO 2peak ) for SAE and UAE was 0.80 (0.28) L/min and 0.71 (0.31) L/min respectively. Dominant arm strength was 103 (29) Newtons. Multiple regression on VO 2 SAE and VO 2 UAE using combined dominant arm strength and FEV 1 %pred as predictors, accounted for 66% (p Conclusion : Upper limb strength combined with FEV 1 %predicted are significant predictors of both supported and unsupported upper limb exercise capacity in COPD.