tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patients' suicides: frequency and impact on psychiatrists
Authors: C M Chemtob, R S Hamada, G Bauer, B Kinney, R Y Torigoe
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

Results of a national survey of randomly selected psychiatrists revealed that 51% (N = 131) of the 259 respondents had had a patient who committed suicide. This event had an impact on both their personal and their professional lives. Sixty-five psychiatrists reported stress levels in the weeks following the suicide that were comparable to levels reported in studies of people seeking treatment after the death of a parent. Younger, less-experienced clinicians were more affected by a patient's suicide than older clinicians with more experience. Implications of these results for the training and practice of psychiatrists are discussed.
Abstract 4627: Specifically Enhancing Inward Rectifying Potassium Current (i <sub>K1</sub> ) : A New Antiarrhythmic Strategy
Authors: Qinghua Liu, Xiaoli Li, Yuanyuan Lin, Yuan Li, Bowei Wu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: The inward rectifier K + current (I K1 ) plays a significant role in the final repolarization and resting phases of the ventricular action potential. Modulation of I K1 would likely have a profound effect on cardiac excitability and arrhythmogenesis. However, there has been no I K1 -specific pharmacologic agent found so far. We identified zacopride, a benzamide derivatives acting on 5-HT 4 receptor, as a specific agonist of I K1 and effective antiarrhythmic drug. Methods and results: Part I. The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to record effect of zacopride on membrain ionic current I K1, I Ca-L , I Na, I to , I Na/Ca, I pump , and action potential (AP). We found that zacopride in 0.1~10μmol/L had no effects on I Ca-L , I Na, I to , I Na/Ca, I pump , but enhanced I K1 concentration-dependently. The optimal concentration appeared in 1~3μmol/L with approximately 30% increase which can be abolished by low concentration of BaCl 2 (1 μmol/L), or 10μmol/L 5-HT 4 -receptor antagonist RS23597. Otherwise, zacopride could increase resting membrane potential from −81.3±0.9 up to −87.5±1.7mv (P &lt; 0.01) with APD 90 slightly shorten. Part II. Langendorff-perfused hearts were subjected to either coronary artery occlusion for 30 minutes, or 15 minutes followed by 15minutes reperfusion. We monitored and compared the rhythm disturbances in experimental vs. placebo-treated hearts (n = 16 in each group). Zacopride in 1μmol/L was supplied 3 minutes before ischemia or reperfusion treatment. Far more dramatic protection was observed during ischemia. Zacopride treatment reduced the incidence of ventricular tachycardia from 100% to 25% (P&lt;0.01) and ventricular fibrillation from 75% to 12.5% (P &lt; 0.01), the number of premature ventricular beats from 173±26 to 9±4 (P&lt; 0.05). Less protection was observed during reperfusion. The incidence of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation declined from 100% to 68.8% (P&lt;0.05) and from 75% to 25% (P &lt; 0.05) respectively. The number of premature ventricular beats decreased but without statistical significance. Conclusion: Zacopride in 0.1~10μmol/L specifically enhanced I K1 . It would be used as the first specific I K1 agonist and showed a significant antiarrhythmic effect during acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
Abstract 11367: HAX-1 Protects Hearts from Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in vivo
Authors: Chi Keung Lam, Wen Zhao, Zhi-Guo Zhang, Xiaoping Ren, Xiaoyang Zhou, Alina Maloyan, Jeffrey Robbins, Evangelia G Kranias
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Multiple cell death pathways are activated during cardiac ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, resulting in cell death and compromised function. The HS-1 associated protein X-1 (HAX-1), an anti-apopt...
Experience of a "slip" among alcoholics treated with naltrexone or placebo
Authors: S S O'Malley, A J Jaffe, S Rode, B J Rounsaville
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

This study tested the hypothesis that naltrexone reduces relapse rates among alcoholics by modifying the reinforcing effects of initial alcohol consumption and alcohol-induced craving.Sixteen alcoholic patients treated with naltrexone and 27 treated with placebo who participated in a 12-week clinical trial reported retrospectively on their subjective responses to their first episode of a lapse into alcohol consumption and on their reasons for terminating the drinking episode.Compared to the subjects who received placebo, the subjects who received naltrexone reported lower levels of craving for alcohol and were more likely to give reasons for terminating drinking that were consistent with decreased incentive to drink.These findings support the hypothesis that a central effect of naltrexone is the modification of alcohol-induced craving.
Abstract 1836: Triple negative breast cancer: Metabolomics and flux analysis to identify targets for drug development
Authors: Delisha A. Stewart, Jason Winnike, Susan McRitchie, Wimal Pathmasiri, Susan Sumner
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract To date, no targeted therapies are clinically available to treat triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This highly aggressive form of breast cancer (BCa) derives its name from the absence of estrogen receptor (ER+), progesterone receptor (PR+), and HER2/neu receptor (HER2+). These receptors are expressed in other subtypes of BCa (i.e. Luminal, HER2-enriched) and have been successfully targeted with therapeutics such as Tamoxifen and Herceptin. New therapeutics are needed to improve the prognosis for patients with TNBC. Metabolomics and metabolic flux analysis (MFA) were conducted to reveal differences in TNBC cell lines compared with hormone receptor-positive cell lines (ER+ and +/-HER2+) prior to and following treatment with chemotherapy drugs. Two triple-negative (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) and two hormone-responsive (BT474 and MCF-7) cell lines were compared before and after treatment with Taxol®/Paclitaxel. The metabolic profiles were assessed using 1H NMR broad spectrum metabolomics, MFA using [U-13C]-glucose and [U-13C]-glutamine enriched media, and cytokine profiling of the media. Broad spectrum metabolomics analysis demonstrated differences in the metabolic profiles between the TNBC and hormone-responsive cell lines in the absence of treatment, with a higher level of amino acids (e.g. alanine, glutamate, glutamine, glutathione), short chain fatty acids (isobutyrate, β-hydroxybutyrate), and nucleotides and nucleotide sugars (ADP, ATP, UDP-glucose, UDP-glucuronate) in the TNBC cell lines. Further, MFA demonstrated that glucose utilization was greater in the TNBC cells (MDA-MB-468) compared to the hormone-responsive cells (MCF-7). In addition, 13C-labeled glycine and 13C-labeled glutathione were only observed in TNBC cell lines treated in the presence of [U-13C]-glucose. In response to Taxol treatment, more metabolites were altered in the hormone-responsive cell lines compared with the TNBC cells. Profiling of 80 inflammatory cytokines (RayBiotech arrays) also demonstrated different responses in secreted inflammatory signals following treatment. We observed significant upregulation in interleukins-4 and -16 in MDA-MB-468 cells, while there was a downregulation of osteoprotegerin in all four cell lines after treatment with Taxol. This approach holds promise for identifying biomarkers which may be leveraged for development of targeted treatments. Citation Format: Delisha A. Stewart, Jason Winnike, Susan McRitchie, Wimal Pathmasiri, Susan Sumner. Triple negative breast cancer: Metabolomics and flux analysis to identify targets for drug development. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1836. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1836
Abstract 4536: Bisoprolol and Fluvastatin for the Reduction of Perioperative Cardiac Mortality and Myocardial Infarction in Intermediate-Risk Patients Undergoing Non-Cardiovascular Surgery; a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Martin Dunkelgrun, Eric Boersma, Ankie Koopman-Van Gemert, Frans van Poorten, Cor Kalkman, Olaf Schouten, Wahjudi Siphanto, Dustin Goei, Sanne Hoeks, Tamara Winkel, Jeroen Bax, Ian Thomson, Don Poldermans
Journal: Circulation (2008)
It's female genital mutilation and should be prosecuted
Authors: Marge Berer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Liao and Creighton ask how healthcare providers in the United Kingdom should respond to requests for “genitoplasty,”1 or what two UK websites call “labial reduction” and “female genital reshaping.”2 3 This procedure, which entails “the partial or total removal of the external female genital organs for cultural or other non-therapeutic reasons,”4 is a criminal offence in the UK under …
Abstract 5558: MicroRNA Regulation of Endothelial Cell Growth
Authors: Munekazu Yamakuchi, Marcella Ferlito, Charles J Lowenstein
Journal: Circulation (2008)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs which inhibit gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. MiRNAs affect a wide variety of cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, but the role of miRNA in endothelial cells is not well understood. The silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) is an NAD-dependent deacetylase that regulates not only life-span but also cell growth arrest or apoptosis in response to oxidative and genotoxic stress. SIRT1 suppresses apoptosis thresholds by deacetylating molecular targets such as p53, FOXO transcription factors, and Ku70. We hypothesized that miRNA-34a regulates endothelial cell growth and senescence. We discovered that human endothelial cells (HUVEC and HAEC) express miRNA-34a by microarray analysis. When we over-expressed miR-34a in HUVEC, we found that SIRT1 protein was decreased. In contrast, transfection of HUVEC with antagomirs to miR-34a decreased endogenous miR-34a and increased SIRT1 protein. We identified a miR-34a binding site in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) of SIRT1 and showed miR-34a directly inhibits SIRT1 translation using a luciferase assay. Next we examined the effect of miR-34a upon cell growth and senescence. Over-expression of miR-34a decreased SIRT1 protein, increased acetylated p53, and increased expression of p21, a transcriptional target of p53. When we co-transfected HUVEC with miR-34a precursor and SIRT1 expression vector to rescue SIRT1 expression, acetylated p53 and p21 expression were decreased. Finally over-expression of miR-34a induced cell cycle arrest and senescence in HUVEC using FACS and SA-gal assay. Our data suggest that miR-34a regulates cell growth and senescence through a SIRT1 - p53 pathway.
Abstract 2260: Asymptomatic Patients with Severe Mitral Regurgitation and either Atrial Fibrillation or Pulmonary Hypertension Benefit from an Early Surgical Strategy
Authors: Fabien Chenot, Patrick Montant, Bertin Nkodia Nsalampa, Céline Goffinet, Anne-Catherine Pouleur, Jean-Benoît Le Polain De Waroux, David Vancraeynest, Agnes Pasquet, Bernhard Gerber, Jean-Louis Vanoverschelde
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background. Degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) is the second most frequent valvular heart disease in industrialized countries. Although there is consensus that valvular surgery should be advised in symptomatic patients (pts) with severe MR and in those with reduced LV function, there is persisting controversy regarding the optimal timing of intervention in asymptomatic pts with only atrial fibrillation or pulmonary hypertension, as shown by the corresponding class IIa recommendation in the recent guidelines. Methods. To test if asymptomatic pts with severe degenerative MR and either atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension or both benefit from early surgery, the outcomes of 69 such pts (70 ± 12 years; 64% males) diagnosed by 2D-echo between 1990 and 2001 were analyzed. Pts with a LV ejection fraction below 60% or telesystolic diameter above 45 mm were not included. Group I comprised 46 pts undergoing mitral repair (within 3 months after diagnosis). Group II comprised 23 pts initially treated conservatively. Results. During follow-up, 3 Group II pts needed mitral surgery. Indications for surgery were according to class I current guidelines. Adjusted 10-year overall survival was better in Group I than in Group II pts (74 ± 8%, 11 ± 7%, p&lt;0.0001). Similarly, adjusted 10-year cardiac event free survival, including the need for (redo) surgery was better in Group I than in Group II pts (72 ± 7%, 10 ± 10%, p&lt;0.0001). Conclusion. Asymptomatic pts with severe MR complicated by either atrial fibrillation, pulmonary hypertension or both, clearly benefit from an early interventional strategy and should probably be operated on as soon as possible.
Abstract 15549: Hydrogen Sulfide Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction Following Pressure Overload Induced Hypertrophy and Heart Failure Via Augmentation of Angiogenesis
Authors: Kazuhisa Kondo, Shashi Bhushan, Marah E Condit, Adrienne L King, Benjamin L Predmore, David J Lefer
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) upregulates anti-oxidants, anti-apoptosis, promotes angiogenesis, and cellular survival. H2S plays an extremely important role in the homeostasis of the cardiov...
Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation For Patients With Mycosis Fungoides and Sezary Syndrome: The Experience Of The EBMT Lymphoma Working Party With An Extended Five-Year Follow Up
Authors: Rafael F. Duarte, Ariane Boumendil, Francesco Onida, Ian H Gabriel, Reyes Arranz, William Arcese, Xavier Poire, Guido Kobbe, Franco Narni, Agostino Cortelezzi, Eduardo Olavarría, Norbert Schmitz, Anna Sureda, Peter Dreger
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 11552: Coronary Artery Anomalies in Endothelin-1 and Endothelin A Receptor Knockout Mice
Authors: Yuichiro Arima, Sachiko Miyagawa-Tomita, Koichi Nishiyama, Reiko Asai, Ki-Sung Kim, Yasunobu Uchijima, Hisao Ogawa, Yukiko Kurihara, Hiroki Kurihara
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Endothelin-1 (ET1) /Endothelin A receptor (ETAR) axis has important roles in regulating organ development. We have previously reported that ET1 and ETAR knockout mice display craniofacial defects a...
Abstract 12758: Normal Values of Left Ventricular Regional Myocardial Deformation Measured by Two-Dimensional Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Jing Ping Sun, Alex Pui-Wai Lee, Chengquan Wu, Zuying Hu, Fang Fang, Xing Sheng Yang, John D. Merlino, Cheuk-Man Yu
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Although two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE) has been validated in animal experiments for quantitative evaluation of myocardial deformation, clinically applicable normal reference data from large healthy population is lacking. Methods: In this multicenter study, 228 healthy volunteers (109 males, mean age 44±5, range 18-78 years) without evidence of cardiovascular disease were examined by STE to assess left ventricular (LV) longitudinal (LS), circumferential (CS) and radial (RS) strain. In 52 subjects, the reproducibility and agreement of strain measurement between machines were assessed using GE Vivid7 and Phillip iE33. Results: Normal values of STE were shown in Table. Overall, LS and CS increased while RS decreased from the LV base to apex (p<.01). With advancing age, LS progressively decreased (r=-0.2, p<.02), but CS paradoxically increased (r=0.3, p<.01), suggestive of a normal compensatory mechanism. RS showed no age dependency. The agreement of strain measurement bet...
Abstract 4861: Prolonged QRS Duration is a Strong Predictor of Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Masami Kosuge, Kazuo Kimura, Satoshi Morita, Toshiyuki Ishikawa, Toshiaki Ebina, Kiyoshi Hibi, Jyun Okuda, Noriaki Iwahashi, Kengo Tsukahara, Kazuaki Uchino, Satoshi Umemura
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Although ECG assessment of myocardial ischemia is usually based on ST-segment changes, prolonged QRS duration (QRSd) has been shown to be more sensitive than ST-segment change for the detection of ischemia. However, the implication of QRSd in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS) is not known. Methods: We studied 501 patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent coronary angiography during hospitalization. Patients with bundle branch block, left ventricular hypertrophy, and paced rhythm were excluded. Maximal QRSd and ST-segment deviation were measured on admission 12-lead ECG. Patients were divided into the 4 groups according to QRSd: ≤80 ms (n=153, G-A); 81–90 ms (n=214, G-B); 91–100 ms (n=86, G-C); and ≥101 ms (n=48, G-D). Troponin T (TnT), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were measured on admission. Results: There were no differences in sex or coronary risk factors except for diabetes mellitus in the 4 groups. In G-A, G-B, G-C, and G-D, age was 64±12, 67±11, 68±11, and 69±11 years; the rates of diabetes mellitus were 23%, 33%, 49%, and 50%; Killip class ≥2 was 3%, 6%, 11%, and 31%; positive TnT was 16%, 36%, 44%, and 56%; the levels of BNP were 105±259, 158±235, 306±355, and 391±390 pg/ml; hsCRP was 0.180±0.233, 0.400±0.748, 0.417±0.530, and 0.716±1.230 mg/dl; the degrees of summed ST-segment depression in all leads except aVR were 1.8±2.8, 2.8±3.6, 5.4±5.1, and 8.7±6.0 mm; ST-segment elevation in lead aVR was 0.1±0.2, 0.1±0.3, 0.5±0.6, and 0.8±0.6 mm; the frequencies of left main or 3-vessel disease (LM/3VD) were 1%, 5%, 49%, and 88%; and major adverse events (death, [re]infarction, or urgent revascularization) at 30 days were 5%, 13%, 24%, and 67%, respectively (all p&lt;0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that QRSd was the strongest predictor of 30-day adverse events (OR 2.40, 95%CI 1.54 –3.24, p&lt;0.001), followed by the degree of ST-segment elevation in lead aVR (OR 1.97, 95%CI 1.20 –5.82, p=0.039) and positive TnT (OR 1.60, 95%CI 1.10 –3.17, p=0.048). Conclusions: In patients with NSTE-ACS, prolonged QRSd on admission ECG is strongly associated with LM/3VD and predicts adverse outcomes, even after adjusting for ST-segment changes, biomarker profiles and traditional risk factors.
Prediction of low body weight at long-term follow-up in acute anorexia nervosa by low body weight at referral
Authors: J Hebebrand, G W Himmelmann, W Herzog, B M Herpertz-Dahlmann, H C Steinhausen, M Amstein, R Seidel, H C Deter, H Remschmidt, H Schäfer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1997)

The authors investigated the hypothesis that in acute anorexia nervosa a low body weight predicts a poor weight prognosis for the future.The body mass indexes at referral of 272 female patients were examined in relation to the body mass indexes of these patients after a mean follow-up of 9.5 years.The overall correlation between body mass indexes at referral and at follow-up was r = 0.33. Despite this low correlation, the 100 patients with body mass indexes less than 13 kg/m2 at referral had low weights at long-term follow-up. Eleven of the 12 deceased patients were among these 100 patients, as were 24 of the 46 surviving patients whose body mass indexes were 17.5 kg/m2 or less at follow-up.For patients with anorexia nervosa, a body mass index less than 13 kg/m2 at referral indicates a substantial risk for chronic anorexia nervosa and death related to emaciation.
<i>In this issue of</i>The American Journal of Psychiatry
Authors: J J Kulynych, K Vladar, D W Jones, D R Weinberger
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

Interpretation of the literature concerning superior temporal gyrus volume in patients with schizophrenia is complicated by methodological variation between studies and by the difficulty of identifying gyral boundaries in serial sections.With the aid of three-dimensional cortical renderings, the authors developed a morphometric approach in which information from the cortical surface is incorporated into gyral boundary decisions. Using this technique, they assessed superior temporal gyrus volume in young, right-handed male patients with schizophrenia and in right-handed male comparison subjects. They also compared their technique with existing slice-based morphometric methods by using previously reported subcortical landmarks to define the gyral boundaries.There was no significant main effect of diagnosis and no significant diagnosis-by-hemisphere interaction. Significant leftward laterality was present only among comparison subjects. Leftward superior temporal gyrus laterality did not correlate with leftward laterality of the planum temporale. No significant reduction in superior temporal gyrus volume was revealed in the patients. No significant leftward laterality was detected with the slice-based technique, suggesting that a significant portion of superior temporal gyrus tissue is omitted with this approach. The lack of findings could not be explained by a general absence of morphometric abnormalities in this group of subjects because the patients had significantly larger lateral ventricles.Significant reduction in the superior temporal gyrus volume was not confirmed in this group of patients with schizophrenia, probably because of the small effect size of this finding. Methodological variation is an important factor in determining superior temporal gyrus volume on magnetic resonance imaging scans.
Abstract 2648: Transient Atrial Fibrillation Within the First Month After Dual Chamber Pacemaker Implantation
Authors: Suneet Mittal, Kenneth Stein, Shelly A Christman, Stacia Merkel, Timothy E Meyer, F. Roosevelt Gilliam
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Following pacemaker (PPM) implant, atrial fibrillation (AF) is often diagnosed for the first time based on detection of stored atrial high rate episodes (AHRE). However, there are no prospective data regarding the time course of developing AF following dual chamber PPM implantation. Methods: We evaluated data from the Silent Atrial Fibrillation Detection with Stored EGMs (SAFE) registry, which was a multi-center, prospective registry of patients undergoing dual chamber PPM implant. No patient had prior history of AF . Device interrogations were performed at 2-week, 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-implantation. An AHRE was defined as an atrial rate ≥ 180 bpm lasting ≥ 5 minutes. Results: 1488 patients (55% male, 74 ± 12 years) underwent PPM implantation. During the first month, 47 (3.7%) patients were diagnosed with AF for the first time. In 33 (70%) of these 47 patients, AF lasted between 5 and 60 minutes. Overall, the mean duration of AF was 133 ± 276 minutes (range: 5.4 minutes – 22.9 hours). A majority (81%) of these early episodes occurred within the first 15 days of implant. Twenty-four (51%) of these 47 patients did not have AF beyond this first month. Patients who did and did not have AF beyond the first month were similar with respect to baseline demographics, the use of active versus passive atrial leads, duration of first AF event, and time to first AF episode (Table ). Conclusions: In the SAFE registry, nearly 4% of patients with no history of AF exhibited AF in the first 30 days after PPM implant, with a majority occurring within the first 15 days post-implant. However, half of these patients failed to have another AHRE after the first month. These ``transient” episodes of AF may represent proarrhythmia from atrial lead insertion, de novo AF, or simply first-detection AF that was previously silent. Long-term follow-up studies are needed to determine the clinical significance of these transient episodes. SAFE: Demographics Among Patients with AF within 30 Days of Implant
Epiphrenic Diverticulum
Authors: Cainan Foltz, Williamson Strum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

A 77-year-old woman with achalasia was evaluated for intermittent dysphagia, regurgitation, and recurrent esophageal yeast infections over the past 11 years, as well as a 7.7-kg (17-lb) weight loss over the past 3 years. An esophagram revealed an epiphrenic diverticulum.