tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Scientists Never Dreamed Finding Would Shape a Half-Century of Sleep Research
Authors: Lynne Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 252: Developing a Rat Model of Emergency Cardiopulmonary Bypass Resuscitation in Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest: Pitfalls and Challenges
Authors: Alexandra M Warenits, Andreas Schober, Wolfgang Weihs, Florian Ettl, Ingrid A Magnet, Christian Clodi, Christoph Schriefl, Daniel Grassmann, Michael Wagner, Fritz Sterz, Andreas Janata
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Rodent models of ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest (CA) are useful to investigate new treatment strategies for successful resuscitation. Emergency cardiopulmonary bypass (ECPB) is a promising concept for advanced life support of prolonged VF CA. Establishing a rat model of ECPB resuscitation is associated with procedural pitfalls.   Methods:  Anaesthetized male Sprague Dawley rats (350g) underwent surgical preparation. VF was induced via neonatal pacing catheter placed into the jugular cannula. Rats were resuscitated with ECPB, mechanical ventilation, defibrillation and drugs. Catheter and cannula explantation was performed if return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved. Serious adverse events were collected and analyzed.   Results:  A total of 65 serious adverse events occurred in 130 experiments. Most were catheter related. Hemorrhage was a common adverse event during surgical blood vessel cannulation (12 animals). No ROSC was achieved in 7 animals due to anemia caused by blood loss during surgery. The most challenging part in establishing our ECPB model is the insertion of the jugular CPB cannula. In 23 rats lethal hemothorax occurred, due to injury of the heart or the inferior vena cava. We tested different cannulas and techniques without avoiding completely the risk of rupture. In 6 cases blood could not be drained from the venous circulation caused by occlusion or dislocation of the jugular cannula. Disconnection from the bypass oxygen flow occurred three times. During the explantation of the jugular CPB cannula after achieving ROSC, pulmonary air embolism followed by instantaneous death occurred in 12 animals. We observed in 2 animals lethal pulmonary edema.   Conclusion:  Establishing an ECBP resuscitation model in rats has confronted us with considerable technical challenges. We report our procedural failures during model implementation to prevent other experimental researchers repeating these potential avoidable errors in their model. Exchange of technical and procedural resources between research groups would help minimize loss of animals.
Clinical networks
Authors: N. Edwards
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The NHS seems fond of structural solutions to its problems, even though experience suggests that reorganisation is a distraction, fails to solve the problems it was supposed to address, and creates new ones. Seasoned NHS observers might therefore be sceptical of the growing interest in clinical networks. There are certainly reasons for caution but clinical networks do seem to offer several important advantages to patients and clinicians.

The Scottish Office defines managed clinical networks as “linked groups of health professionals and organisations from primary, secondary, and tertiary care working in a co-ordinated manner, unconstrained by existing professional and [organisational] boundaries to ensure equitable provision of high quality effective services.” Their report contrasted these with loose networks and suggests that they differ from hub and spoke models in that the interests of the network would dominate those of individual hospitals. 1 2 These networks may be grouped by function (for example, pathology, emergency medicine, critical care) or client group (children), disease (cancer, renal) or specialty (vascular surgery).

Network …
After Sextuple Bypass Surgery
Authors: Johanna Shapiro
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New Strategies in Melanoma: Entering the Era of Combinatorial Therapy
Authors: Ryan J. Sullivan, Keith T. Flaherty
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

The treatment of metastatic melanoma has been revolutionized over the past decade as effective molecularly targeted therapies and immunotherapies entered the clinic. It is hoped that deeper insights into the characteristics of patients and tumors that are most responsive will allow more precise patient selection for these therapies while understanding mechanisms of resistance will facilitate the develop of rational combinations or next-generation agents aimed at novel targets.
In Vivo Correction of Murine Hereditary Tyrosinemia Type I by ϕC31 Integrase-Mediated Gene Delivery
Authors: Patrice K. Held, Eric C. Olivares, Christina P. Aguilar, Milton Finegold, Michele P. Calos, Markus Grompe
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Phage phiC31 integrase is a site-specific recombinase that mediates efficient integration of circular extrachromosomal DNA into the host genome. Here, the integrase system was used to transfer the fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) gene into the liver of mice affected with hereditary tyrosinemia type 1. Approximately 3.6% of transfected hepatocytes experienced an integration event. The absolute frequency of integration was 1/1374. A higher proportion of integrase-transfected FAH+ hepatocytes displayed abnormal morphology (bizarre nuclei, enlarged cells) on day 25 after gene transfer, compared to cells not receiving integrase. The increased frequency of these abnormal cells correlated with the amount of integrase plasmid administered, suggesting some form of integrase toxicity in Fah-/- livers. The abnormal hepatocyte appearance was transient and livers analyzed after longer selection (90 days) showed 60% repopulation with only normal healthy FAH+ hepatocytes. A total of seven different integration sites (accounting for >90% of integration) were identified. Serial transplantation of integrase-corrected hepatocytes to Fah-/- recipients was successful, suggesting long-term viability of corrected cells and persistent gene expression through many rounds of cell division. The stability of transgene expression, relatively high integration frequency, and significant site specificity that characterize the phiC31 integration system suggest that it may have utility in many gene therapy settings.
Abstract 2481: Complex deregulation of p73 transcripts in breast tissues: overexpression in benign breast fibroadenomas, and down-regulation in breast cancers
Authors: Sophie Tourpin, Samar Alsafadi, Marie-Christine Mathieu, Suzette Delaloge, Fabrice Andre, Jean C. Ahomadegbe
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract p73, a p53-related gene, encodes two classes of isoforms with opposing functions: (1) a full-length transactivation-competent p73 protein (TAp73) with tumor suppressor activity; and (2) a group of NH2-terminally truncated, transactivation-deficient p73 proteins, ΔEx2p73, ΔEx2-3p73, ΔNp73 and ΔN'p73 (collectively named DNp73) which exert oncogenic activity by inactivating p53 and TAp73. In contrast to p53, p73 is essentially never mutated in cancer. Some studies have focused on the analysis of p73 alterations in breast cancer, but the results are often contradictory. However, it should be noted that there is no study on the comparative analysis of the p73 levels in matched normal breast tissues-breast cancer from the same patients, probably because of the difficulty of obtaining such matched tissues. To study whether p73 is associated with breast carcinogenesis, deregulations of TAp73 and DNp73 were assessed in 103 breast tissues including breast cancer (BC) exhibiting no inflammatory symptoms, inflammatory BC (IBC), normal breast epithelium adjacent to BC (N) and benign breast fibroadenomas (FA). IBC is a rare but aggressive form of BC with a very poor prognosis. Tumor characteristics and the risk of death and relapse were examined in each patient. Surprisingly, we found that antiapoptotic ΔNp73 transcripts and protein levels were down-regulated in BC, compared to that found in normal adjacent tissue, suggesting that this isoform could be associated with other processes during breast carcinogenesis such as differentiation. In contrast with this finding, ΔNp73 was unchanged in FA. Δex2p73 levels were upregulated in BC and FA (p=0.06 and 0.04 respectively), but the level was higher in FA. TAp73 and Δex2-3p73 were unchanged in FA and BC. Intriguingly, TAp73 and Δex2-3p73 transcripts were higher in ER-negative BC, compared to ER-positive BC (p=0.07 and 0.04 respectively). Taken together, our results show that, surprisingly, both suppressor and oncogenic isoforms of p73 were more deregulated in FA than in BC. Consequently, the reports demonstrating upregulation of p73 isoforms in BC should be considered with caution. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Sophie Tourpin, Samar Alsafadi, Marie-Christine Mathieu, Suzette Delaloge, Fabrice Andre, Jean C. Ahomadegbe. Complex deregulation of p73 transcripts in breast tissues: overexpression in benign breast fibroadenomas, and down-regulation in breast cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2481. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2481
THE FUTURE OF THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINE
Authors: D L WILBUR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1959)

Article1 August 1959THE FUTURE OF THE PRACTICE OF MEDICINEDWIGHT L. WILBUR, M.D., F.A.C.P.DWIGHT L. WILBUR, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-51-2-185 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe old-time, beloved physician, carrying his black satchel, relieving and comforting the sick, dispensing hope and courage along with his medicines, is passing or has passed from the scene. For him, the practice of medicine was almost his whole life, a life marked by independence, selflessness, devotion, understanding and timelessness. For him, medicine was in large part an art, based to some degree on the science of medicine, practiced in large part without interference from anyone except for the ignorance and apathy of the patient or his family, and those general economic conditions which affected everyone. The quality of medical... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: San Francisco, California*Received for publication May 7, 1959.Presidential Address, the Fortieth Annual Convocation of The American College of Physicians, Chicago, Illinois, April 22, 1959.Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dwight L. Wilbur, M.D., 655 Sutter Street, San Francisco 2, California. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1959Volume 51, Issue 2Page: 185-195KeywordsForecasting Issue Published: 1 August 1959 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright ©, 1959, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
The Effect of Dabigatran Plasma Concentrations and Patient Characteristics on the Frequency of Ischemic Stroke and Major Bleeding in Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Authors: Paul A. Reilly, Thorsten Lehr, Sebastian Haertter, Stuart J. Connolly, Salim Yusuf, John W. Eikelboom, Michael D. Ezekowitz, Gerhard Nehmiz, Susan Wang, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Longer- Versus Shorter-Duration Dual-Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stent Placement
Authors: Frederick A. Spencer, Manya Prasad, Per O. Vandvik, Devin Chetan, Qi Zhou, Gordon Guyatt
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

The appropriate duration of dual-antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) after drug-eluting stent (DES) placement remains controversial.To summarize data on clinical outcomes with longer- versus shorter-duration DAPT after DES placement in adults with coronary artery disease.Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE, 1996 to 27 March 2015, and manual screening of references.Randomized, controlled trials comparing longer- versus shorter-duration DAPT after DES placement.Two reviewers screened potentially eligible articles; extracted data on populations, interventions, and outcomes; assessed risk of bias; and used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation guidelines to rate overall confidence in effect estimates.Among 1010 articles identified, 9 trials including 29,531 patients were eligible; data were complete for 28,808 patients. Moderate-quality evidence showed that longer-duration DAPT decreased risk for myocardial infarction (risk ratio [RR], 0.73 [95% CI, 0.58 to 0.92]) and increased mortality (RR, 1.19 [CI, 1.04 to 1.36]). High-quality evidence showed that DAPT increased risk for major bleeding (RR, 1.63 [CI, 1.34 to 1.99]).Confidence in estimates were decreased owing to imprecision for most outcomes (particularly myocardial infarction), risk of bias from limited blinding in 7 of 9 studies, indirectness due to variability in use of first- and second-generation stents, and off-protocol use of DAPT in some studies.Extended DAPT is associated with approximately 8 fewer myocardial infarctions per 1000 treated patients per year but 6 more major bleeding events than shorter-duration DAPT. Because absolute effects are very small and closely balanced, decisions regarding the duration of DAPT therapy must take into account patients' values and preference.None.
Interferon alpha 2b for treatment of complex cutaneous haemangiomas of infancy: a reduceddosage schedule
Authors: E. Rampini, P. Rampini, C. Occella, D. Bleidl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Interferon alpha 2b for treatment of complex cutaneous haemangiomas of infancy: a reduceddosage schedule Get access E. Rampini, E. Rampini Department of Dermatology, Istituto Scientifico G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 1, Genoa 16100, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Rampini, P. Rampini Department of Dermatology, Istituto Scientifico G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 1, Genoa 16100, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Occella, C. Occella Department of Dermatology, Istituto Scientifico G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 1, Genoa 16100, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Bleidl D. Bleidl Department of Dermatology, Istituto Scientifico G. Gaslini, Largo G. Gaslini 1, Genoa 16100, Italy Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 1, 1 January 2000, Pages 189–191, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03275.x Published: 01 January 2000
Abstract 19155: Pulsatile Load is a More Important Determinant of Peak Fiber Stress than Valve Area in Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Payman Zamani, Prasad Konda, Scott Akers, Neetha Vadde, Anjaneyulu Dunde, Rushik Bhuva, Shivapriya Peddireddy, Vandan Panchal, Victor Ferrari, Patrick Segers, Julio A Chirinos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: In aortic stenosis (AS), the valve imparts an additional hemodynamic burden on the LV in proportion to the degree of valve narrowing. Yet the relative contributions of valve stenosis and arterial load on LV fiber stress are unknown. Furthermore, it has recently been shown that end-systolic measurements of wall stress are unrepresentative of the time-resolved wall stress patterns. Yet, time-resolved LV fiber stress has never been assessed in AS. Hypothesis: Arterial load is an important determinant of time-resolved wall stress in AS. Methods: We assessed time-resolved LV geometry (using SSFP cine MRI), aortic flow (using phase-contrast MRI) and central aortic pressure (using carotid tonometry) among 40 patients with AS (16 mild, 20 moderate, and 4 severe AS). Arterial load parameters were determined using pressure-flow analyses, including systemic vascular resistance, characteristic impedance of the aorta (Zc), total arterial compliance (pulse-pressure method, TAC), and the amplitudes of the backward (Pb) and forward (Pf) waves. We computed time-resolved ejection-phase myocardial fiber stress using the Arts method. Results: Peak fiber stress occurred at 94.4 msec into systole and was significantly greater than end-systolic fiber stress (847±265 vs. 361±149 kdynes/cm2, P&lt;0.0001). After adjusting for cardiac output, AVA, and end-diastolic mass and volume, Pb, TAC, and SVR were all associated with peak and end-systolic fiber stress (Table). Interestingly, while AVA was associated with peak stress, it was not associated with end-systolic stress in any model. Conclusion: Peak fiber stress occurs early in systole in AS, demonstrating the importance of time-resolved fiber stress assessments. Our findings demonstrate important contributions from the arterial system to LV fiber stress in AS, including resistive load and various measured of pulsatile arterial load.
Identification of a 14-3-3 Binding Sequence in the Common β Chain of the Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (GM-CSF), Interleukin-3 (IL-3), and IL-5 Receptors That Is Serine-Phosphorylated by GM-CSF
Authors: F.C. Stomski, M. Dottore, W. Winnall, M.A. Guthridge, J. Woodcock, C.J. Bagley, D.T. Thomas, R.K. Andrews, M.C. Berndt, A.F. Lopez
Journal: Blood (1999)
General Aspects of Chemotherapy Including “Biologic Agents”
Authors: Jethro Hu, Santosh Kesari
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2012)

This chapter provides a general overview of chemotherapy for brain tumors, touching upon the topics of drug delivery, drug development, 'traditional' cytotoxic therapies, 'newer' biologic agents, cancer stem cells, immunotherapy, and gene therapy. We also highlight the challenges inherent to treating glioblastoma with these modalities and future possibilities with gene therapy, combination therapies, and personalizing treatments to specific subgroups of patients.
Abstract 80: Development of CA1 Damage: Different Cell Counts in CA1 Region of Rats Resuscitated from 8-Minute Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest After 2 Weeks of Survival Compared with 20 Weeks of Survival
Authors: Wolfgang Weihs, Fritz Sterz, Florian Ettl, Ingrid A M Magnet, Alexandra-Maria Warenits, Andreas Schober, Christoph Testori, Ursula Teubenbacher, Daniel Grassman, Michael Wagner, Michael Holzer, Andreas Janata, Sandra Högler
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Rodent models of cardiac arrest (CA) help to investigate mechanisms and therapy of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion. The CA1 region of hippocampus is specifically vulnerable to global ischemia and is considered to play an important role in neurological deficits of patients surviving cardiac arrests. Methods: Male 350g Sprague-Dawley rats were put into ventricular fibrillation (VF) CA. After 8 min of CA the animals received mechanical chest compressions for 2 min and epinephrine 20 μg/kg. The animals were defibrillated thereafter every 2 min to achieve return of spontaneous circulation. Six animals surviving with favorable neurologic recovery were sacrificed after 2 weeks and 11 after 20 and compared to 4 sham rats. For histological examination brains were fixed in formalin, paraffin-embedded and cut into coronary sections of 3 μm thickness. In Hematoxylin- Eosin-stained sections viable neurons were counted in a 500 μm sector of the CA1 region. Results: In sham animals 84±12 viable cells were counted in CA1 region. Two week survivors had 16±8 cells (p&lt; 0.001), whereas 20 week survivors had 37±31 (p=0.018 vs sham, p=0.084 vs 2 weeks survivors) cells. The latter showed in 7 animals many viable cells (60±15) compared to 2 weeks survivors and in 4 animals very few cells 4±3 cells. Conclusions: A repopulation within week 2 and 20 of pyramid cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus seems to have taken place in 7 of 11 rats resuscitated from 8 min VFCA whereas in others not. To discover the mechanism responsible for this huge difference in cell counts of the CA1 region in long time survivors of CA might help to understand the pathological mechanisms of the global ischemic insult.
Biography of Dr. Harvey Cushing
Authors: John F. Fulton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1939)

To the Editor:—  Mrs. Cushing has requested me to prepare a biography of her husband, and I should be most grateful to any one who wishes to make letters, anecdotes or other memorabilia available.  Copies of all letters, no matter how brief, are desired, and if dates are omitted it is hoped that, when possible, these may be supplied (e. g., from the postmark). If original letters or other documents are submitted, they will be copied and returned promptly.  A new medical library building is being erected at Yale University School of Medicine to receive Dr. Cushing's library and collections, including his letters, diaries and manuscripts. Any of his friends who wish, now or later, to present correspondence, photographs or other memorabilia for permanent preservation among the Cushing papers will receive the appreciative thanks of the university.