tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Excimer laser vs. clobetasol propionate 0·05% ointment in prurigo form of atopic dermatitis: a randomized controlled trial, a pilot
Authors: E.E.A. Brenninkmeijer, P.I. Spuls, R. Lindeboom, A.C. Van Der Wal, J.D. Bos, A. Wolkerstorfer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Recent findings have established the 308-nm xenon chloride excimer laser (EL) as a new option in the area of ultraviolet (UV) B phototherapy. As this laser enables high radiant exposure of narrowband UVB and precise targeting of affected skin, it appears to be a promising treatment for the prurigo form of atopic dermatitis (AD).To investigate the efficacy and safety of the EL compared with clobetasol propionate (CP) in the prurigo form of AD.In a prospective randomized within-patient controlled study, 13 patients with a prurigo form of AD were randomized to receive EL on one side and topical CP on the other side. Laser treatment was performed twice a week for 10 weeks. Clinical responses were evaluated using Physician Assessment of Individual Signs, Physician Global Assessment, Patient Global Assessment and photographic documentation. Histopathological changes were evaluated and duration of remission was monitored during a 6-month follow-up period.Both treatments resulted in a significant improvement of all outcome measures after 10 weeks of treatment. During follow up, the EL showed more improvement compared with CP. Histopathology demonstrated marked decrease of epidermal thickness and inflammatory infiltrate at the EL-treated sites. No significant side-effects occurred.This study suggests that the EL can safely and effectively be used in the treatment of the prurigo form of AD. For the long term, the EL might be a good alternative to topical corticosteroids and an option in case of therapy-resistant patients.
Intensive concomitant chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced unresectable squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: a phase II study of radiotherapy with cisplatin and 7-week continuous infusional fluorouracil.
Authors: P Wibault, M A Bensmaine, M de Forni, J P Armand, E Tellez Bernal, T Guillot, G Recondo, C Domenge, F Janot, C Borel, B Luboinski, F Eschwege, E Cvitkovic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE To evaluate an intensive concomitant chemoradiotherapy protocol of conventional radiotherapy with intermittent cisplatin (CDDP) and continuous-infusion fluorouracil (5-FU) in unresectable, locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). PATIENTS AND METHODS Fifty-seven patients with unresectable stage IV MO disease (International Union Against Cancer [UICC]/American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC], 1987) received radiotherapy 70 Gy followed by CDDP 80 mg/m2 and 5-FU 300 mg/m2/d. Response was assessed 2 months after treatment completion. RESULTS Thirty patients (52%) received the full treatment schedule; 53 (93%) received full-dose radiotherapy, while 48 (84%) were given at least 75% of the planned chemotherapy doses. Severe mucositis (World Health Organization [WHO]) grade 3 to 4 was the limiting toxicity and was seen in 79% of patients. The median time for mucositis resolution was 8 weeks. Other toxicities were generally manageable, but there were four treatment related deaths (7%). Fifty patients were assessable for activity, with an overall response rate of 70% (95% confidence interval [CI], 58% to 82%). Complete response (CR) and partial response (PR) rates were 42% and 28%, respectively. CONCLUSION This simultaneous combined-modality regimen was feasible at the cost of severe mucosal toxicity, which required hospitalization with nutritional, parenteral, and hydroelectrolytic support. The high response rate achieved (70%) did not translate into improved survival, probably due to patient eligibility. The likelihood of cure of this high-tumoral-volume patient population remains low (approximately 10%), despite the association of two therapeutic modalities at full standard therapeutic intensity.
Late-breaking abstract: Efficacy of relaxation posture in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Tomomi Ichiba, Tetsuo Miyagawa, Takeshi Kera, Toru Tsuda, Fumio Kokubu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Relaxation postures are recommended to reduce the work of breathing and dyspnea in patients with COPD. Semi-fowler position, forward-leaning posture and orthopnea position are used efficiently. However, it is not clear that the effects of these positions in reducing dyspnea and work of breathing in patients with COPD.  The purpose of this study is to clarify efficacy of relaxation posture.   Method:  Thirty-eight stable outpatients with COPD participated in the study. We measured mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1), VCO2, VO2, tidal volume, heart rate variability and degree of relaxation used by visual analogue scale (VAS) in quiet breathing at sitting, forward-leaning sitting and semi-fowler position. We also measured pulmonary function and maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax). We analyzed these data depend on GOLD classification. Data analysis was performed by using sof tware SPSS Statistics 17.0.   Results:  The following respiratory function in 38 patients were FVC 2.86±1.08L, FEV 1.0 1.40±0.76L, FEV1.0% 48.6±14.3%, %FEV1.0 52.2±23.3%, FRC 3.84±1.24L, RV 2.96±0.95, PImax 58±22.7cmH2O.There were no significant differences in P0.1 and P0.1/PImax among each position. However, VAS in semi-fowler position was more reduced than sitting on multiple comparison (p   Conclusions:  Semi-fowler position may be most effective to reduce respiratory output of and dyspnea in patients with COPD.
Etoposide pharmacokinetics in patients with normal and abnormal organ function.
Authors: S G Arbuck, H O Douglass, W R Crom, P Goodwin, Y Silk, C Cooper, W E Evans
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Precise guidelines for dose modification of etoposide in patients with hepatic dysfunction have not been determined. Etoposide pharmacokinetics were determined in 17 patients. Nine patients had bilirubin less than or equal to 1 mg/dL and eight had bilirubin ranging from 1.9 to 23 mg/dL. Twelve patients received etoposide 100 mg/m2 days 1, 3, and 5, in combination with cisplatin 70 mg/m2 or iproplatin 225 mg/m2 on day 1. Five patients received only one dose of etoposide. Etoposide was measured using a published high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method which also quantitates picro etoposide and its hydroxy acid. Systemic clearance, Vdss and t1/2 beta averaged (+/- SD) 21.4 (+/- 7.4) mL/min/m2, 10.7 (+/- 4.1) L/m2, and 8.1 (+/- 2.8) hours in the nine patients with bilirubin less than or equal to 1 mg/dL, and 22.4 (+/- 9.6) mL/min/m2, 13.6 (+/- 11.3) L/m2, and 8.4 (+/- 3.9) hours in the eight patients with bilirubin 1.9 to 23.0 mg/dL. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis of liver and renal function tests and other patient-specific variables identified creatinine clearance as the strongest predictor of etoposide systemic clearance (r2 = 40.8). Serum albumin was identified as the next strongest predictor, improving the r2 to 57.3%. Cumulative biliary excretion of unchanged etoposide and glucuronide or sulfate conjugates over 48 hours accounted for less than 3% of the dose in six patients studied. Toxicity occurred in patients with normal and abnormal bilirubin and was unrelated to etoposide clearance. Patients with total bilirubin 1.9 to 23 mg/dL, but creatinine clearance greater than 30 mL/min/m2 had etoposide clearance within the range for patients with normal liver function (16.8 to 35 mL/min/m2). Although these patients did not have reduced etoposide clearance, the major routes of etoposide non-renal elimination remain to be clearly defined. Additional patients should be evaluated to establish more precise guidelines for dosing etoposide in patients with abnormal liver function.
Audit of partnered management of auto-CPAP therapy
Authors: Heather Engleman, Neena Mehta, Jonathan Leahy, Anwen Evans
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aims: To quantify patient (pt) and service outcomes from the Management of Specialist Therapies (MOST) program, an auto-CPAP (APAP) homecare service offering telephone and postal therapy management services delivered by trained Helpline staff and clinical specialists, working in partnership with clinics.

Methods: Audit sample comprised a random 20% of all pts commencing APAP at two large sleep centres in the year from Nov 2009, with outcomes collected over 18 months. Postal therapy downloads were requested from pts at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 m, providing objective APAP usage, pressures, maskleaks, and residual apnoea+hypopnoea indices (AHI). First and last Epworth scores were compared by Wilcoxon test. Database notes provided a count of pt interactions and masks supplied.

Results: 98 pts (27F) were eligible for inclusion, of which 78 (80%) were still receiving APAP at 18m.

View this table:

Usage and Efficacy of APAP therapy (mean ± SE) by Time





Epworth score fell from 10±1 to 6±1 (n=73, p<0.001).

During the first year of therapy, MOST recorded an average 33±1 interactions per pt, half of these in the first 3 m. Additional mask(s) were supplied to 12%, 11% and 11% of pts respectively at 1, 3 and 6 m timepoints.

Conclusions: The audit provides evidence of successful patient outcomes from MOST in good objective usage and efficacy, and normalised sleepiness ratings. Service outcomes suggested high levels of pt engagement and responsiveness from MOST.
Specific Transplantation Antigens of Murine Neoplasms Induced by Visna and Progressive Pneumonia Viruses
Authors: L. W. Law, K. K. Takemoto
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Tumor-specific antigens of the transplantation type were detected on murine sarcoma cells transFormed by the slow viruses, visna and progressive pneumonia. These new antigens of the cell membrane did not cross-react in contrast to most virus-specified tumor antigens. Some of their characteristics are described.
Central nervous system involvement in American Burkitt's lymphoma.
Authors: E Sariban, B Edwards, C Janus, I Magrath
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

Sixty-four patients with American Burkitt's lymphoma (AMBL) treated at the National Cancer Institute were reviewed to determine the frequency and characteristics of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Patients with minimal or completely resected tumor never had CNS disease. Of the 45 patients with more extensive disease, 15 had CNS disease: nine presented with CNS disease, six of whom subsequently had recurrent CNS disease, and six developed CNS disease only at relapse. There was a significant association between CNS and bone-marrow disease at presentation. Therapy of CNS disease consisted of short courses of intrathecal chemotherapy with cytosine arabinoside and methotrexate. Cranial irradiation was given only to patients with CNS relapse. There are six long-term survivors (LTS) who have been disease free for four to six years post chemotherapy. Of these six LTS, three presented with CNS disease, two experienced isolated CNS relapse, and one had CNS disease both at presentation and at relapse. Three of the six LTS never received cranial irradiation. It is concluded that CNS involvement in AMBL can be effectively treated, and that long-term remission, which is probably cure, can be achieved.
Retrospective comparison of convalescent plasma with continuing high-dose methylprednisolone treatment in SARS patients
Authors: Y.O.Y. Soo, Y. Cheng, R. Wong, D.S. Hui, C.K. Lee, K.K.S. Tsang, M.H.L. Ng, P. Chan, G. Cheng, J.J.Y. Sung
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2004)
Plasma Concentration of Amino-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Chronic Heart Failure: Prediction of Cardiovascular Events and Interaction With the Effects of Rosuvastatin
Authors: John G.F. Cleland, John J.V. McMurray, John Kjekshus, Jan H. Cornel, Peter Dunselman, Cândida Fonseca, Åke Hjalmarson, Jerzy Korewicki, Magnus Lindberg, Naresh Ranjith, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Finn Waagstein, Hans Wedel, John Wikstrand
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Madness and Maastricht: A Review of Reactive Psychoses from a European Perspective
Authors: M Taylor
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1994)

Brief reactive psychosis has had a chequered career as a valid diagnostic entity, and lack of an international consensus has undermined the concept, but clinical observation attests to its durability. As the European community derestricts its labour boundaries, resulting in psychiatrists increasingly practising outside their country of training, I would suggest that this examination of ‘brief reactive psychosis’ becomes particularly pertinent with respect to differing diagnostic trends across Europe and elsewhere.
Determinants of anxiety and depression among Filipino patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A multi-center study
Authors: Sue Kimberly Tan, Jubert Benedicto, Joel Santiaguel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background Two of the top ten most common and least treated comorbidities in COPD patients are anxiety and depression.  Objective This is the first study to look into the prevalence and risk factors contributing to anxiety and depression in Filipino COPD patients.  Methods This is a prospective cross-sectional study of 5 month duration in three tertiary care hospitals in Manila, Philippines. Two hundred four COPD patients were enrolled in the study. Risk factors for anxiety and depression evaluated using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were the outcome measures.  Results In the Philippines, the prevalence of anxiety in COPD patients is 47.55%, while the prevalence of depression is 31.37%. The following are risk factors for anxiety in COPD patients: being employed, less educated, less or not contented with family support, not living alone or living with family and friends, with comorbid hypertension, with comorbid depression, having 10 or more exacerbations in a year and patient group D (high risk, more symptoms).  The following are risk factors for depression in COPD patients: females, less educated, current or previous smoker, less or not contented with family support, with comorbid anxiety and having 10 or more exacerbations in a year.  Conclusion COPD patients especially with the above profile should be screened for anxiety and depression.
Rapid identification of clinical Trichoderma longibrachiatum isolates by cellulose-acetate electrophoresis-mediated isoenzyme analysis
Authors: A. Szekeres, M. Láday, L. Kredics, J. Varga, Z. Antal, L. Hatvani, L. Manczinger, C. Vágvölgyi, E. Nagy
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2006)
Identification of novel Y chromosome encoded transcripts by testis transcriptome analysis of mice with deletions of the Y chromosome long arm
Authors: Aminata Touré, Emily J Clemente, Peter JI Ellis, Shantha K Mahadevaiah, Obah A Ojarikre, Penny AF Ball, Louise Reynard, Kate L Loveland, Paul S Burgoyne, Nabeel A Affara
Journal: Genome biology (2005)

Abstract Background The male-specific region of the mouse Y chromosome long arm (MSYq) is comprised largely of repeated DNA, including multiple copies of the spermatid-expressed Ssty gene family. Large deletions of MSYq are associated with sperm head defects for which Ssty deficiency has been presumed to be responsible. Results In a search for further candidate genes associated with these defects we analyzed changes in the testis transcriptome resulting from MSYq deletions, using testis cDNA microarrays. This approach, aided by accumulating mouse MSYq sequence information, identified transcripts derived from two further spermatid-expressed multicopy MSYq gene families; like Ssty , each of these new MSYq gene families has multicopy relatives on the X chromosome. The Sly family encodes a protein with homology to the chromatin-associated proteins XLR and XMR that are encoded by the X chromosomal relatives. The second MSYq gene family was identified because the transcripts hybridized to a microarrayed X chromosome-encoded testis cDNA. The X loci (' Astx ') encoding this cDNA had 92-94% sequence identity to over 100 putative Y loci (' Asty ') across exons and introns; only low level Asty transcription was detected. More strongly transcribed recombinant loci were identified that included Asty exons 2-4 preceded by Ssty1 exons 1, 2 and part of exon 3. Transcription from the Ssty1 promotor generated spermatid-specific transcripts that, in addition to the variable inclusion of Ssty1 and Asty exons, included additional exons because of the serendipitous presence of splice sites further downstream. Conclusion We identified further MSYq-encoded transcripts expressed in spermatids and deriving from multicopy Y genes, deficiency of which may underlie the defects in sperm development associated with MSYq deletions.
Airborne Transmission of Polyoma Virus 2
Authors: Gerard J. McGarrity, Lewis L. Coriell, Victoria Ammen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

Journal Article Airborne Transmission of Polyoma Virus Get access Gerard J. McGarrity, Gerard J. McGarrity Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lewis L. Coriell, Lewis L. Coriell Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Victoria Ammen Victoria Ammen 3Department of Microbiology, Institute for Medical Research, Camden, N.J. 08103. 4We thank Riley Hansom, Judith Gager, and Carlene O'Keefe for expert technical assistance. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 56, Issue 1, January 1976, Pages 159–162, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/56.1.159 Published: 01 January 1976 Article history Received: 27 May 1975 Accepted: 18 August 1975 Published: 01 January 1976
Caspofungin to treat invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in sarcoidosis
Authors: Benjamin Garfield, Greg Keir, Muhammad Anwar, Michael Loebinger, Robert Wilson, Elizabeth Renzoni, Athol Wells, Toby Maher
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

RATIONALE  Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is a potentially life-threatening complication of sarcoidosis, with destructive fibrotic lung disease and immunosuppressive therapy contributing to its development. Optimal therapy is not known. We report a successful treatment protocol using cyclical intravenous caspofungin infusions.  METHODS  Consecutive patients with sarcoidosis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis treated with caspofungin were identified from our pharmacy prescribing database. Clinical and radiological data were collected retrospectively prior to caspofungin treatment, and during follow-up.  RESULTS  Nine patients (5 men), with a mean age of 44.1 ± 11.3 years, and a median duration of sarcoidosis of 10 years (range 2-12), were treated with caspofungin. All patients had fibrotic pulmonary sarcoidosis (stage IV) on chest radiograph. Eight patients also received prednisolone. Six patients received prior oral antifungal therapy (voriconazole or itraconazole), and were converted to caspofungin due to lack of efficacy or side-effects.  Median follow-up was 12.5 months (4-32) after the commencement of caspofungin. In eight patients, symptoms and inflammatory markers improved rapidly after the first dose of caspofungin, with a decrease in median CRP from 31 (3-94) to 15 (3-23) ( p =0.02) within 3 months. In the 6 patients for whom a minimum of 6 months follow-up was available, chest radiographs improved in 4 (67%), and median BMI improved from 23.2 (17.0-31.0) to 25.2 (21.5-36.0) ( p =0.4).  CONCLUSION  Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis associated with sarcoidosis may be refractory to conventional triazole antifungal therapy, and caspofungin appears to be a safe and effective therapeutic alternative in these patients.
Abstract 13580: High-density Lipoprotein Modulates Cardiomyocyte Glucose Metabolism via an Insulin-independent Mechanism Involving Akt
Authors: Sarah E Heywood, Darren C Henstridge, Andrew L Carey, Lea M Delbridge, Bronwyn A Kingwell, Andrew L Siebel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Both mechanistic and clinical evidence suggest that high-density lipoprotein (HDL) directly modulates glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. Hypothesis: This study investigated the hypothesis that HDL increases glucose uptake, glycolysis and oxidative metabolic pathways in neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NVCMs). Methods and Results: NVCMs were treated with physiological doses of HDL or saline as a control. Cellular glucose uptake was measured using the 2-deoxyglucose method. Glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration were assessed by fluorescent detection of proton production and oxygen consumption respectively. Glucose oxidation was quantitated by [14C]-glucose CO2 production. HDL significantly increased 2-deoxyglucose uptake (147±10%), basal glycolysis (154±11%), and glycolytic reserve (173±13%) vs. control. HDL also stimulated mitochondrial respiration (HDL: 281±25 vs. Control: 197±20 pmol/min) and reserve capacity (HDL: 745±62 vs. Control: 520±52 pmol/min). These data were substan...
Role of gene Xpert in diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion: Comparison with pleural biopsy
Authors: Nasir Javed, Muhammad Aslam, Muhammad Azam Mushtaq, Tahir Khan, Muhammad Zubair Shaheen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Pakistan is an endemic country for Tuberculosis. Gene Xpert is a recent acquired test for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. However, its role in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion has not been studied. Our aim was to find out whether Gene Xpert could be used for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculous pleural effusion and its comparison with Abram's needle pleural biopsy.

Objective : To determine the role of Gene Xpert in diagnosis of Tuberculous Pleural effusion and its comparison with Abram's Needle pleural biopsy.

Material and Methods : This cross sectional study comprising 25 patients of lymphocytic exudative pleural effusion having strong susceptibility of tuberculosis on clinical grounds, was conducted in the department of Pulmonology, Nishtar Medical Institution Multan. They underwent closed pleural biopsy with Abram's needle in standard way. Specimens were examined histopathologically, and their pleural fluid was also sent for Gene Xpert. Analysis of both reports was carried out for comparison.

Results: Among 25 patients Gene Xpert was only positive in 2(8%) and Pleural Biopsy showed definitive caseating granuloma in 14(56%), Malignancy in 6(24%), Acute Inflammation in 1(4%), Pleuritis in 1(4%) and inconclusive report in 3(12%) patients.

Conclusion: Pleural Biopsy is a diagnostic tool in diagnosing tuberculosis. Gene Expert has a limited role in diagnosing tuberculous pleural effusion.

Key Words : Pleural Biopsy, Abram needle, Gene Xpert, Lymphocytic Exudative Pleural Effusion.
Induction of Mammary Gland Tumors in Strain C57BL/He Mice by Isografts of Hypophyses
Authors: W. E. Heston
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

Mammary tumors occurred in 5 of 21 C57BL/He virgin females bearing isografts of 5 hypophyses under the capsule of the kidney at an average age of 21.3 months. No mammary tumors were observed in such females bearing isografts of only 1 hypophysis, or in castrated C57BL/He males bearing diethylstilbestrol-cholesterol pellets and isografts of either 1 or 5 hypophyses. Nearly all the grafted hypophyses became neoplastic.