tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P211: Response to a School-based Health Intervention in High- and Low-income Communities
Authors: Robert Rogers, Nicole Corriveau, Alexander Lee, Alexandra Pew, Wen-Ching Wei, Alisa Foti, Belinda Vuong, Eva Kline-Rogers, Qingmei Jiang, Caren Goldberg, Jean DuRussel-Weston, Kim A Eagle, Elizabeth A Jackson
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Childhood obesity is associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk and is a major health issue in the United States. Previous studies show higher rates of obesity in low socioeconomic status (SES) communities. The efficacy of school-based interventions in these communities is not as well documented. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that low SES would be less healthy at baseline and show greater improvement than high SES. Methods: Project Healthy Schools (PHS) is a school-based intervention targeted at middle-school students in lower Michigan. We studied body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), lipid profiles, resting and recovery heart rate (HR), and behavioral characteristics in 3147 middle-school students. Students were stratified into 2 groups: high SES and low SES. Ann Arbor (median family income=$53,377) students were included in the high SES cohort (n=1840) while Ypsilanti ($33,699) and Detroit ($27,862) were considered low SES (n=1307). Chi-square, Wilcoxon, and t-tests were conducted to compare baseline and baseline-to-follow-up data. Median household income was based on US Census Bureau data. Results: At baseline, those students in the low SES cohort performed significantly worse than the students in the high SES cohort in nearly every category, most notably: BMI, systolic and diastolic BP, resting and recovery HR, fried food consumption, exercise, and screen time. Upon follow-up, post-intervention examination, low SES improved recovery HR, screen time, fried meat and snacks, and sugary beverages significantly more than high SES. High SES improved fruit, BP, and total cholesterol significantly more than low SES. Conclusions: The PHS intervention was more efficacious in a number of categories in higher-risk, low SES communities. This suggests a need for the implementation of similar school-based programs in low SES areas.
Single agent lenalidomide three times a week induces hematologic responses in AL amyloidosis patients on dialysis
Authors: Eben I. Lichtman, David C. Seldin, Anthony Shelton, Vaishali Sanchorawala
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

The combination of lenalidomide and dexamethasone can produce hematologic responses in previously treated patients with AL amyloidosis. Because lenalidomide is primarily excreted unchanged by the kidney, adjustments to the starting dose of lenalidomide are recommended to provide appropriate drug exposure in patients with moderate or severe renal impairment and in patients on dialysis. Here, we report on a study of patients with AL amyloidosis on dialysis treated with lenalidomide at a dose of 10 mg orally three times a week. Seven patients were enrolled. All patients had received prior treatment, with 57% receiving prior high-dose melphalan and stem cell transplantation. Two patients died before evaluation of response. The most common adverse event was infection; no thromboembolic complications were seen. One patient required dose-modification. Hematologic responses were obtained by four of the five evaluable patients. Median overall survival was 18 months. In conclusion, adjusted dose lenalidomide was reasonably tolerated and induced sustained hematologic responses in previously treated patients with AL amyloidosis on dialysis.
Abstract 66: Comparison of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Skills Long After The Training Between 45-min Simplified Chest Compression-only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training and 180-min Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chika Nishiyama, Taku Iwami, Masahiko Ando, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Seishiro Marukawa, Takashi Kawamura
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Abstract 5896: Role of the Phosphatase PTEN During Vascular Remodeling
Authors: Rebecca Widmer-Teske, Andreas Mueller, Philipp Stieger, Harald Tillmanns, Ruediger C Braun-Dullaeus, Daniel Sedding
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: The phosphatase PTEN represents an important physiological inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signalling, however, the functional role of PTEN dur...
A Comparative Study of the Use of Whole Liver, Liver Extract and Ventriculin
Authors: HUGO A. FREUND, ALVIN E. PRICE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

ExcerptThe use of various anti-anemic substances in the treatment of primary anemia is now well recognized and established in medical therapeutics. Although sporadic cases have appeared in the literature in which some form of liver therapy has failed, there is abundant evidence which demonstrates the undoubted value of anti-anemic substances. As to their comparative value, however, there is relatively little to be found which indicates any difference in response to them. Thus, Minot and his co-workers1report that they noted no difference in the reticulocyte response obtained in the feeding of either whole liver or liver extract. Ordway and Gorham2...
CONGENITAL HYPERSPLENISM WITH PANCYTOPENIA AND BASOPHILIC STIPPLING: THERAPEUTIC FAILURE OF ACTH AND SPLENECTOMY
Authors: E SHANBROM, R L WESTERMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1954)

Case Reports1 January 1954CONGENITAL HYPERSPLENISM WITH PANCYTOPENIA AND BASOPHILIC STIPPLING: THERAPEUTIC FAILURE OF ACTH AND SPLENECTOMYE. SHANBROM, M.D., R. L. WESTERMAN, M.D.E. SHANBROM, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, R. L. WESTERMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-40-1-160 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis report is concerned with an unusual case of hypersplenism which we believe should be considered congenital in nature. It is a unique study because this patient was born in a Panama hospital and was seen at Gorgas Hospital for all subsequent medical examinations and treatments during her 13 years of life. This case is unique also in that the hypersplenism first manifested itself by an anemia which later became associated with basophilic stippling, thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. Because of these unusual features the case is presented in detail.CASE REPORTA 13 year old white girl was admitted to Gorgas...Bibliography1. DoanWright CACS: Primary congenital and secondary acquired splenic panhematopenia, Blood 1: 10, 1946. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Wintrobe MM: Clinical hematology, 3d Ed., 1951, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, p. 698. Google Scholar3. Haden RL: A new type of hereditary hemolytic jaundice without spherocytosis, Am. J. M. Sc. 214: 255, 1947. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FeinbergWatson AWJ: Nonspherocytic chronic hemolytic anemia with basophilic stippling; report of case in Negro, Blood 6: 357, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Falconer EH: The clinical significance of punctate basophilia in the erythrocyte, Ann. Int. Med. 12: 1429, 1939. LinkGoogle Scholar6. Wintrobe MM: Clinical hematology, 3d Ed., 1951, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, p. 81. Google Scholar7. HymanSouthworth GAH: Hemolytic anemia associated with liver disease, Am. J. M. Sc. 221: 448, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ancon, Canal Zone*Received for publication June 19, 1953.From the Medical Service, Gorgas Hospital, Ancon, Canal Zone. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byCurrent pediatric references 1 January 1954Volume 40, Issue 1Page: 160-165KeywordsAdrenocorticotropic hormoneAnemiaMedical servicesNeutropeniaSplenectomy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1954 PDF downloadLoading ...
Serum levels of β2-microglobulin, neopterin, TNF-α and soluble receptors of TNF-α and interleukin-2 in intravenous drug abusers according to HIV-1 status and stage of the HIV-1 infection
Authors: José Luis Bedini, Felipe García, José M. Miró, Esther Aznar, Jaume Serrano, Luisa Lozano, Josep Mallolas, Xavier Filella, Josep Vidal, Xavier Latorre, José M. Gatell, Antonio M. Ballesta, Eladio Soriano
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1998)
Abstract P039: Dietary Patterns are Associated with Cognitive Function in US Adults
Authors: Keith Pearson, Virginia Wadley, Leslie McClure, Suzanne Judd
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: As America ages, identifying factors that contribute to the preservation of cognitive function is of growing importance to maintain quality of life in advanced years. Of modifiable risk factors, diet quality has emerged as a promising candidate to impact cognition. Although the Mediterranean diet pattern has been associated with cognitive benefits, few other dietary patterns have been considered. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that empirically-derived dietary patterns are associated with cognitive function. Methods: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study is a national cohort study of 30,239 black and white participants (age &gt; 45). Previously, five dietary patterns (Convenience, Plant-based, Sweets/fats, Southern, and Alcohol/salads) were derived with principal component analysis using data assessed by the Block98 FFQ. Baseline cognitive impairment (a score ≤4) was assessed using the Six-Item Screener. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the odds of baseline cognitive impairment by quintile of dietary pattern adherence. Results: This analysis included 19,888 participants with complete diet/cognitive data who were free of stroke. After demographic and energy intake adjustments, participants with the highest adherence to the Southern pattern had 37% higher odds of being cognitively impaired at baseline (Q5 vs Q1: OR=1.37; 95% CI: 1.11, 1.69; p for trend: &lt;0.01), while those with the highest adherence to the Alcohol/Salads pattern had 27% lower odds of impairment at baseline (Q5 vs Q1: OR=0.73; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.87; p for trend: &lt;0.01). Addition of covariates resulted in loss of significance but direction of association was similar (Table). Conclusion: A dietary pattern including salads and alcohol intake was associated with lower odds, and a pattern including fried food and processed meat with higher odds, of baseline cognitive impairment. These associations should be further investigated in relation to preservation of cognitive function over time.
Control of Renal Hemodynamics and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Hypercalcemia
Authors: Moshe Levi, Marilyn A. Ellis, Tomas Berl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1983)

The role of prostaglandins (PG), renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and calcium (Ca) in the control of renal hemodynamics and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in chronic hypercalcemia (serum Ca 12.8 mg%) was studied. Renal blood flow (RBF, 6.39 ml/min per gram kidney weight [gkw]) and GFR (0.52 ml/min per gkw) were significantly decreased in hypercalcemic rats when compared with normocalcemic rats (7.15, P < 0.001 and 0.74, P < 0.05, respectively). These changes in RBF and GFR occurred independent of any significant alterations in systemic hemodynamics, blood and plasma volume. Inhibition of the renal PG with indomethacin resulted in marked decrements in both RBF (6.39-4.12 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.01) and GFR (0.52-0.19 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.01) in hypercalcemic rats, whereas there was no significant alterations in normocalcemic rats. Inhibition of the RAS with captopril resulted in marked increments in both RBF (6.39-7.35 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.05) and GFR (0.52-0.74 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.05) in hypercalcemic rats. In fact, there was no significant difference from the RBF and GFR of similarly treated normocalcemic rats. Similar results were also obtained with the competitive angiotensin II (AII) antagonist (sarcosyl1-isoleucyl5-glycyl8) AII. Since both the renal PG and the RAS are involved in the control of RBF and GFR in hypercalcemia, the role of each is best revealed in the absence of the other. Hence, comparison of the RBF and GFR in the PG-inhibited hypercalcemic rats in the presence of AII (4.12 and 0.19 ml/min per gkw, respectively) and absence of AII (5.99 and 0.53 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.01 for both) reveals the vasoconstrictive role for AII in hypercalcemia. On the other hand, comparison of the RBF and GFR in the AII-inhibited hypercalcemic rats in the presence of PG (7.35 and 0.74 ml/min per gkw, respectively) and absence of PG (5.99 and 0.53 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) reveals the vasodilatory role for PG in hypercalcemia. Finally, comparison of the RBF and GFR in both PG- and AII-inhibited hypercalcemic rats (5.99 and 0.53 ml/min per gkw, respectively) with similarly treated normocalcemic rats (7.30 and 0.94 ml/min per gkw, P < 0.001 and P < 0.005, respectively) reveals the vasoconstrictive role for Ca in chronic hypercalcemia. Our study therefore demonstrates that in chronic hypercalcemia the RBF and GFR are controlled by an active interplay of the vasoconstrictive effect of AII, the vasodilatory effect of renal PG, and the direct vasoconstrictive effect of Ca, independent of either AII or PG. The sum total of these forces produces a modest but significant decrease in RBF and GFR.
Thyroid disease in an Irish cohort of sarcoidosis patients
Authors: Melissa McDonnell, Imran Suleem, Robert Rutherford, Anthony O'Regan, J.J. Gilmartin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease of unknown aetiology with prevalence rates in the West of Ireland being among the highest in the world. Sarcoidosis is attributable to an altered or incomplete immune response to an auto- or alloantigen in genetically susceptible hosts. The association of sarcoidosis and thyroid disease has been described in numerous studies with a range of variability. Baseline prevalence rates for thyroid disease in the population range from 0.1 to 3%.   Objectives:  The purpose of our study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid disease in a cohort of sarcoidosis patients in the West of Ireland.   Methods:  Using our patient database from 1983-2009, we retrospectively identified patients who had thyroid function testing (TFTs) and reviewed the clinical indication, treatment and related physiological, radiological and treatment findings.   Results:  139/407 (34.2%) had TFTs. Of these, 24/139 (17.3%) were abnormal with 15/139 (10.7%) hyperthyroid and 9/139 (6.5%) hypothyroid. Mean age was 40.3yrs (median 37) with M:F ratio of 1:2. Mean time to diagnosis was 5.8yrs. There was no relationship with presentation, lung function, radiological stage or treatment of sarcoidosis. There was no association with hypercalcaemia, hypercalciurea, coeliac or other autoimmune disease.   Conclusion:  We have demonstrated a moderately increased prevalence of thyroid disease on follow-up of Irish patients with sarcoidosis particularly in relation to hyperthyroidism. This is in contrast to Antonelli who reported a high prevalence of female predominant clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism. Complex immunological and genetic mechanisms may explain this association which should not be overlooked. Further investigation is needed.
A peptide–doxorubicin 'prodrug' activated by prostate-specific antigen selectively kills prostate tumor cells positive for prostate-specific antigen in vivo
Authors: Deborah DeFeo-Jones, Victor M. Garsky, Bradley K. Wong, Dong-Mei Feng, Trina Bolyar, Kathleen Haskell, David M. Kiefer, Karen Leander, Elizabeth McAvoy, Patricia Lumma, Jenny Wai, Edith T. Senderak, Sherri L. Motzel, Kevin Keenan, Matthew Van Zwieten, Jiunn H. Lin, Roger Freidinger, Joel Huff, Allen Oliff, Raymond E. Jones
Journal: Nature Medicine (2000)
Abstract #4408: M2PK mediates TLN-232 cytotoxicity
Authors: Hassina Darenfed, Eric Thibaudeau, Pierre Falardeau, Henriette Gourdeau
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Pyruvate kinase M2 isoform (M2PK) is a rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme expressed predominantly in the fetus. In adults, this isoform is expressed in undifferentiated and proliferating cells, and replaces other tissue-specific isoforms during tumorigenesis. M2PK can exist in a highly active tetrameric form with a high affinity for its substrate, phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP), and in a less active dimeric state. Dimeric M2PK channels glucose carbons to anabolic processes, such as nucleic acid, phospholipids and amino acid synthesis. High intracellular levels of fructose-1,6-P2 (FBP) induce association of the tetrameric form, promoting energy production. In tumor cells, the enzyme shifts between both forms providing flexibility to channel glucose metabolites between anabolic and energy-producing (catabolic) processes. Earlier findings have shown that TLN-232, a cyclic heptapeptide somatostatin analog presently in Phase II clinical development, binds to M2PK, and induces translocation of the enzyme into the nucleus resulting in apoptosis. To further define the mechanism by which TLN-232 induces apoptosis, and determine if M2PK mediates the cytotoxic effect of TLN-232, we evaluated the effect of M2PK down regulation on TLN-232 mediated cell death. As a model system, we used the human glioblastoma cell line, SF188. These cells lack functional p53, express WT PTEN and exhibit aerobic glycolysis when grown in serum-supplemented medium. Treatment of SF188 with 30 \#956;M TLN-232 resulted in caspases 9 and 3 activation and PARP cleavage within 4 to 6 hours. Knockdown of M2PK expression using small interfering RNA duplexes attenuated the effect of TLN-232 on cell cytotoxicity and caspase activation. These results suggest that TLN-232 induces cell death in a caspase-dependent mechanism and that M2PK contributes to its cytotoxic effects. Considering the critical role of M2PK in tumor formation and metabolism, targeting this regulatory enzyme highlights the broad therapeutic potential of TLN-232.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 4408.
Abstract 17991: Angulation Range of Coronary Artery During the Cardiac Cycles is a Key Factor Inducing Stent Fracture; Demonstration by an in vitro Accelerated Durability Test
Authors: Kiyotaka Iwasaki, Jun Arai, Takafumi Ohba, Hirotsugu Tokutake, Zhu Xiaodong, Mitsuo Umezu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Stent fracture (SF) is recognized as one of the unsolved issues inducing restenosis or thrombosis. Hinge motion has been identified as a predictor of SF. The aim of this study is to elucidate SF probability of current drug eluting stents (DESs) against angulation ranges during the cardiac cycles, utilizing an in vitro accelerated durability tester. Methods: A cyclic-bend accelerated durability tester we have developed was used. Stents were deployed in elastic bend-artery replicas those mechanical stiffness was adjusted to that of referenced human coronary artery (stiffness parameter β=30±2). Three-link L605 CoCr stent (Xience Prime, Abbott Vascular), 2-link MP35N CoCr stent (Resolute Integrity, Medtronic), and 2-link PtCr stent (Promus Element, Boston Scientific) were chosen as test subjects. Influences of magnitude of angulation ranges on incidences of SF were investigated under the following bend conditions from 130 to 100 degrees (angular difference during the cycle (AD): 30 degrees), from 130 to 90 degrees (AD: 40 degrees), and from 130 to 80 degrees (AD: 50 degrees), respectively. Under each bend condition, three samples for each stent were tested for 1.0х10 8 cycles at 20Hz, those duration is equivalent to 2.5 years in vivo. Results: Under the AD of 30 degrees, multiple and single strut fracture were observed for each one of three L605 CoCr and MP35N CoCr stents, whereas no fracture was observed for PtCr stents. Under the severer ADs of 40 degrees and 50 degrees, all the three L605 CoCr and MP35N CoCr stents were multiply fractured, whereas PtCr stents had one single-strut-fracture and two multiple-strut-fractures among each three stents under the above conditions. These data indicated that PtCr stent platform has higher resistance to SF among wide ranges of cyclic-bend angulations. The total numbers of stent strut fractures of L605 CoCr, MP35N CoCr, and PtCr stents were 3, 1, 0 in the AD of 30 degrees, 20, 8, 1 in the AD of 40 degrees, and 18, 13, 4 in the AD of 50 degrees. Links were frequent sites of SF for CoCr stents, whereas crowns were those for PtCr stents. Conclusions: This study elucidated differences in fracture resistance against cyclic angulation ranges during the cardiac cycles and the critical angulation ramges for current three DESs.
Maggot chymotrypsin I from Lucilia sericata is resistant to endogenous wound protease inhibitors
Authors: G. Telford, A.P. Brown, A. Kind, J.S.C. English, D.I. Pritchard
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

A chymotrypsin found in the secretions of Lucilia sericata and manufactured as a recombinant enzyme degrades chronic wound eschar ex vivo.To characterize the inhibition profile of the L. sericata recombinant chymotrypsin I.Activity of recombinant chymotrypsin I and its sensitivity to endogenous inhibitors were determined enzymatically using the fluorogenic substrate succinyl-alanyl-alanyl-prolyl-phenylalanyl-aminomethyl coumarin.We report the presence of high concentrations of two endogenous inhibitors, α1-antichymotrypsin and α1-antitrypsin, in wound eschar and a trace of a third, α2-macroglobulin, with the potential to inhibit this debridement process. However, the addition of a soluble and inhibitor-containing extract of chronic wound eschar to chymotrypsin I did not affect activity of the enzyme, neither did the addition of purified native α1-antichymotrypsin or α1-antitrypsin, although chymotrypsin I was inhibited by α2-macroglobulin. Conversely, the mammalian equivalent, α-chymotrypsin, was inhibited by the purified native α1-antichymotrypsin, α1-antitrypsin and α2-macroglobulin and by the soluble extract of wound eschar.The data suggest that the maggot-derived chymotrypsin I is biochemically distinct from human α-chymotrypsin and the lack of inhibition by wound eschar suggests a means by which chymotrypsin I activity survives within the wound to contribute towards debridement during maggot biotherapy.