tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16017: Atrial Fibrillation is Associated With Increased Risk for Myocardial Infarction in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS)
Authors: Matthew C Tattersall, James H Stein, Traci Bartz, Adam D Gepner, Susan R Heckbert, Gregory L Burke, Claudia E Korcarz, Stephen L Wasmund, Richard A Kronmal, Mohamed H Hamdan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent and poses a significant public health burden on the aging population. We hypothesized that AF independently predicts myocardial infarction (MI) in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS). Methods: AF was evaluated longitudinally in participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline in the CHS. Participants were followed for a mean (standard deviation, SD) 12.7 (5.8) years for development of fatal or nonfatal MI. Cox regression models were utilized to assess the associations of time-updated AF and MI in fully adjusted models and models with gender interaction. Results: Of the 5888 participants in the CHS, 4158 met the inclusion criteria. The mean (SD) age was 72.3 (5.4) years old (38.3% male, 14.3% African-American). Eighty-two had prevalent AF; 1005 developed incident AF during follow up (AF group, n=1087). To avoid bias, participants diagnosed with AF at the same time as their MI were not included in the AF group. Baseline total cholesterol (212.4 [38.6] mg/dL), systolic blood pressure (SBP, 136.1 [21.4] mmHg), and diabetes mellitus prevalence (13.6%) were similar between groups. AF updated as a time-varying exposure was associated with a higher risk of MI: hazard ratio (HR) 1.61, [95% CI 1.32-1.96], after adjusting for age, gender, race, SBP, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, current smoking, fasting glucose, education, alcohol use, C-reactive protein, body-mass index, diabetes, anti-arrhythmic use, and time-updated use of aspirin, anti-hypertensive and lipid medications. Women were at higher risk (HR 2.00 [95% CI 1.53-2.62]) than men (HR 1.33 [95% CI 0.99-1.77]) (p for interaction=0.02). Conclusion: In a large cohort study with over a decade of follow-up, AF was associated with an increased risk for MI. This association was more pronounced in women.
Abstract 1483: Combined Aerobic and Resistance Training Improves Physical Functional Performance and Muscle Strength in Patients With Heart Failure
Authors: Rebecca A Gary, Elaine Cress, Andrew L Smith, Melinda Higgins, Sandra B Dunbar
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Heart failure is associated with a progressive loss of muscle strength and limitations in the performance of physical activities of daily living. The Continuous Scale Physical Functiona...
Pulmonary Function Tests for Diagnosing Lung Disease
Authors: Eric J. Heckman, George T. O’Connor
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Online method for diagnosing sputum smears negative TB cases in a developing country
Authors: Muhammad Irfan, Zafar Fatmi, Shiraz Shaikh, Vaqar Bari
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Optimal use of human resources is a major concern for TB control. To diagnose sputum smear negative TB (SS-ve TB) specialists are not available at distant places.  Objective:  To compare the accuracy and efficiency of an electronic method of diagnosing SS-ve TB patients to the conventional face-to-face (F2F) method.  Methods:  Study was conducted on patients with suspected SS-ve TB in a rural town and an urban town. Digitized chest X-rays and clinical informations were emailed from remote centers to the e-TBDC (Radiologist and Pulmonologist) at Aga Khan University for expert consultation. The decisions of the e-TBDC were compared to the onsite “conventional F2F diagnostic decision” and with the Gold standards (AFB culture). The 2-month clinical follow up was also done to judge the accuracy of the original diagnosis.  Results:  101 participants (56.4 % male, mean age 37.89 ±19.2 years) were enrolled. There was agreement in the decisions of 79 cases (78.2%) and disagreement on 22 (21.8%). The agreement of e-TBDC was higher with urban site (84.2%) as compared to rural site (70.5%). 42 (41.5%) were diagnosed online as SS-ve TB.  Using AFB culture as gold standard results were almost similar in both arms (31.7% F2F and e-TBDC 29.6% positive). Validation with 2 month clinical follow-up showed more improvement in F2F (93%) as compared to e-TBDC (85.7%). However, e-TBDC decision were more specific in ensuring symptomatic improvement (73.5%) in patients diagnosed with NO TB as compared to F2F (65.3%).  Conclusion:  This pilot study provides an innovative technology solution to the distant area where consultants are not available, to address problems in the diagnosis of sputum smear negative TB through telehealth.
PRIMARY CARCINOMA OF THE JEJUNUM; REPORT OF A CASE
Authors: J. Warren Hundley, William Bates
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1938)

Case Reports1 July 1938PRIMARY CARCINOMA OF THE JEJUNUM; REPORT OF A CASEJ. WARREN HUNDLEY, M.D., WILLIAM BATES, M.D.J. WARREN HUNDLEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM BATES, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-12-1-128 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPrimary carcinoma of the jejunum is of exceedingly rare occurrence. From the case reports of various European and American clinics, the incidence of primary carcinoma of the jejunum varies from 0.3 per cent to 1.0 per cent of all carcinomata involving the gastrointestinal tract from the cardiac end of the stomach to and including the rectum. Carter,1reviewing the literature up to 1935, found less than 100 cases reported of primary carcinoma of the jejunum discovered at operation, although a considerably larger number of necropsy cases had been reported. In the files of the Mayo Clinic prior to June 1936,...References1. CARTER RF: Carcinoma of the jejunum, report of three cases, Ann. Surg., 1935, cii, 1019-1028. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. NETTROUR WS: Carcinoma of the jejunum, report of a case, Proc. Staff Meet. Mayo Clin., 1936, xi, 356-360. Google Scholar3. RANKINMAYO FWC: Carcinoma of the small bowel, Surg., Gynec. and Obst., 1930, l, 939-947. Google Scholar4. JOHNSON R: Carcinoma of the jejunum and ileum, British Jr. Surg., 1922, ix, 422. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. RAIFORD TS: Tumors of small intestine, Arch. Surg., 1932, xxv, 122. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. NEWTONBUCKLEY FCRC: Primary adenocarcinoma of the jejunum, report of two cases, New Eng. Jr. Med., 1930, ccii, 255-261. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. CAVE HW: Carcinoma of the jejunum, report of three cases, Ann. Surg., 1935, cii, 1097-1101. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. CLARK ED: Carcinoma of the small intestine, Surg., Gynec. and Obst., 1926, xliii, 757-763. Google Scholar9. HELLSTRÖM J: Primary cancer of the jejunum and ileum, Acta. Chir. Scandinav., 1927, lxii, 465. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania*Received for publication August 2, 1937. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMalignant tumours of the small intestine a review of the literature and report of 21 cases 1 July 1938Volume 12, Issue 1Page: 128-135KeywordsGastrointestinal tractJejunumRectumStomach ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1938 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13593: Detection of Intimal Tear by 64-row Multidetector Computed Tomography in Patients With Initially Diagnosed Acute Aortic Intramural Hematoma
Authors: Takeshi Kitai, Shuichiro Kaji, Kitae Kim, Natsuhiko Ehara, Atsushi Kobori, Makoto Kinoshita, Atsushi Yamamuro, Tomoko Tani, Toru Kita, Yutaka Furukawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)
The BMJ’s new Android app
Authors: David Payne
Journal: BMJ (2015)

When we last "blocked" The BMJ website with a reader survey in 2012 more than 50 of you asked why our app offering was confined to iOS.Since then we have received many requests for The BMJ to be available as an Android app on the Google Play store.This email from one doctor was typical: "I do not use Apple products out of choice and feel that this is an area that urgently needs updating to include Android, especially since Google recently announced that 1 billion people actively use an Android device.
SALT DEPLETION SYNDROME WITH INCREASING EDEMA OCCURRING DURING MERCURIAL DIURETIC THERAPY
Authors: J S McLESTER, H L HOLLEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Article1 February 1952SALT DEPLETION SYNDROME WITH INCREASING EDEMA OCCURRING DURING MERCURIAL DIURETIC THERAPYJAMES S. MCLESTER, M.D., F.A.C.P., HOWARD L. HOLLEY, M.D., F.A.C.P.JAMES S. MCLESTER, M.D., F.A.C.P., HOWARD L. HOLLEY, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-36-2-562 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptElectrolyte imbalance is sometimes produced by the administration of mercurial diuretics. This is an expression in large part of the depletion of the salt content of the body's extracellular fluid, and there may result a salt depletion syndrome similar to that described by Schroeder.1 This is usually seen in patients who are handicapped by a preëxisting diminution of renal reserve and is manifested clinically by lassitude, apathy, anorexia, nausea and failure of renal function.In addition to these phenomena, an increasing edema was seen in three of our patients to whom large amounts of mercurial diuretics were being administered. We...Bibliography1. Schroeder HA: Renal failure associated with low extracellular sodium chloride, J. A. M. A. 141: 117-124 (Sept. 10) 1949. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. JaffeMasterDorrance HLAMW: The salt depletion syndrome following mercurial diuresis in elderly persons, Am. J. M. Sc. 220: 60 (July) 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. McCance RA: Experimental sodium chloride deficiency in man, Proc. Roy. Soc., London, B. 119: 245, 1935-1936. Google Scholar4. Dock W: Salt depletion therapy, Advances in Int. Med. 4: 273, 1950. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Birmingham, Alabama*Received for publication March 5, 1951.From the Department of Medicine, Medical College of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.This work was assisted in part by a grant from the Lakeside Laboratories, Milwaukee, Wisconsin. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byQuecksilberhaltige DiureticaSodium Ion in Drinking Water . II. Importance, Problems, and Potential Applications of Sodium-Ion-Restricted TherapyBody fluid alterations during the development of and recovery from hyponatremia in heart failureDas Hyponatri�miesyndrom nach kochsalzfreier Kost, erzwungener Diurese und/oder Ascitespunktion bei chronischer LeberinsuffizienzThe low-salt syndromes in congestive heart failureThe Low Salt Syndromes in Congestive Heart FailureEditorialIATROGENIC SALT DEPLETIONH. J. L. M.A Simple Method for Detecting the Salt Depletion Syndrome During Cardiac Therapy 1 February 1952Volume 36, Issue 2_Part_2Page: 562-564KeywordsBody fluidsDiureticsEdemaFatigueNauseaRenal failureSalts ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13261: Determining the Cost-Benefit Yields of Participating in a Cardiac Rehabilitation Program
Authors: Aviroop Biswas, David Alter
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background and Objective: Regular participation in cardiac rehabilitation (CR) has been consistently shown to improve survival prognosis for patients suffering from a recent cardiovascular episode. No study has quantified the thresholds of baseline risk/behavioral attrition beyond which the cost-benefits of CR become economically unattractive. We aimed to determine how the cost-benefits associated with CR vary across baseline risk and behavioral attrition patterns amongst an actual population of patients participating in an outpatient CR program. Methods: Data was obtained from 11,998 consecutive patient referrals to Toronto Rehab Cardiac Rehabilitation and Secondary Prevention Program (1995 to 2010). Baseline risk was defined as the probability of death/hospitalization at 2 years following program termination and behavioral attrition as the probability of program drop-out. We assumed a fixed cost of $1500 per program and a fixed program efficacy of 20% reduction in death/hospitalization. Multiple logistic regression models were used to predict the number of deaths/hospitalizations avoided per 1000 patients treated. Results: Regression models for baseline risk and baseline behavioral attrition produced C-statistics of 0.66 and 0.85, respectively. Increasing age, type 2 diabetes were found to be concordant predictors of CR cost-benefit and higher baseline functional capacity as a discordant predictor. The correlation between program drop out risk and baseline risk was poor (r=0.22, p&lt;0.001). There was a 13% increased risk of predicted dropout for each quartile of program cost to yield (RR 0.87, 95% CI: 0.87, 0.89), while for each 10% baseline risk increase, RR was found to be 1.36 (95% CI: 1.34, 1.37). For both risk factors as predictors of improved cost-benefit yield ($1000 cost per adverse-event avoided) there was a 21% higher likelihood of the program being economically attractive for each 10% increase in behavioral attrition risk (RR 1.21, 95% CI: 1.207, 1.213). Conclusion: Baseline risk and behavioral attrition are important determinants of CR effectiveness and underscores the potential utility of risk stratification and patient baseline/behavioral attrition risk thresholds to estimate the programmatic benefit of CR programs.
Successful triage of patients referred to a skin lesion clinic using teledermoscopy (IMAGE IT trial)
Authors: E. Tan, A. Yung, M. Jameson, A. Oakley, M. Rademaker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Teledermatology is a rapidly growing field with studies showing high diagnostic accuracy when compared with face‐to‐face diagnosis. Teledermoscopy involves the use of epiluminescence microscopy to increase diagnostic accuracy. The utility of teledermoscopy as a triage tool has not been established. Objectives To assess teledermoscopy as a triage tool for a hospital skin lesion clinic. Methods Patients referred to a dermatology skin lesion clinic were recruited. Digital and dermoscopic photographs were taken of skin lesions of concern and the patients were then seen independently face‐to‐face by two out of three dermatologists. The digital images were evaluated 4 weeks later, as a teledermoscopy consultation, by two of these dermatologists. The diagnosis and management from both types of consultation were compared. Results Two hundred patients with a total of 491 lesions were seen. There was excellent agreement between teledermoscopy and face‐to‐face diagnosis with only 12·3% of lesions having disparate diagnoses of clinical significance. Twelve of 491 (2·4%) lesions appeared to have been under‐reported by teledermoscopy when compared with face‐to‐face diagnosis. However, when histopathology became available, only one malignant lesion had been missed (a basal cell carcinoma diagnosed as solar keratosis) by teledermoscopy. Teledermoscopy approximated 100% sensitivity and 90% specificity for detecting melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers. Importantly, 74% of all lesions were determined to be manageable by the general practitioner without needing to be seen face‐to‐face by a dermatologist. Conclusions This use of teledermoscopy as a triage tool offers the potential to shorten waiting lists and thus improve healthcare access and delivery.
Mental model construction, not just memory, is a central component of cognitive change in psychotherapy
Authors: Ulrich von Hecker, Daniel N. McIntosh, Grzegorz Sedek
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2015)

Abstract We challenge the idea that a cognitive perspective on therapeutic change concerns only memory processes. We argue that inclusion of impairments in more generative cognitive processes is necessary for complete understanding of cases such as depression. In such cases what is identified in the target article as an “integrative memory structure” is crucially supported by processes of mental model construction.
Small Cell Lung Cancer: Will Recent Progress Lead to Improved Outcomes?
Authors: M. Catherine Pietanza, Lauren Averett Byers, John D. Minna, Charles M. Rudin
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy with a unique natural history characterized by a short doubling time, high growth fraction, and early development of widespread metastases. Although a chemotherapy- and radiation-sensitive disease, SCLC typically recurs rapidly after primary treatment, with only 6% of patients surviving 5 years from diagnosis. This disease has been notable for the absence of major improvements in its treatment: Nearly four decades after the introduction of a platinum-etoposide doublet, therapeutic options have remained virtually unchanged, with correspondingly little improvement in survival rates. Here, we summarize specific barriers and challenges inherent to SCLC research and care that have limited progress in novel therapeutic development to date. We discuss recent progress in basic and translational research, especially in the development of mouse models, which will provide insights into the patterns of metastasis and resistance in SCLC. Opportunities in clinical research aimed at exploiting SCLC biology are reviewed, with an emphasis on ongoing trials. SCLC has been described as a recalcitrant cancer, for which there is an urgent need for accelerated progress. The NCI convened a panel of laboratory and clinical investigators interested in SCLC with a goal of defining consensus recommendations to accelerate progress in the treatment of SCLC, which we summarize here.
Epicutaneous allergen administration: is this the future of allergen-specific immunotherapy?
Authors: G. Senti, S. von Moos, T. M. Kündig
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Senti G, von Moos S, Kündig TM. Epicutaneous allergen administration: is this the future of allergen-specific immunotherapy? Allergy 2011; 66: 798–809. IgE-mediated allergies, such as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma, have become highly prevalent, today affecting up to 30% of the population in industrialized countries. Allergen-specific immunotherapy (SIT) either subcutaneously or via the sublingual route is effective, but only few patients (<5%) choose immunotherapy, as treatment takes several years and because allergen administrations are associated with local and, in some cases, even systemic allergic side-effects because of allergen accidentally reaching the circulation. In order to resolve these two major drawbacks, the ideal application site of SIT should have two characteristics. First, it should contain a high number of potent antigen-presenting cells to enhance efficacy and shorten treatment duration. Secondly, it should be nonvascularized in order to minimize inadvertent systemic distribution of the allergen and therefore systemic allergic side-effects. The epidermis, a nonvascularized multilayer epithelium, that contains high numbers of potent antigen-presenting Langerhans cells (LC) could therefore be an interesting administration route. The present review will discuss the immunological rational, history and actual clinical experience with epicutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy.
Fibrinogen Receptor Antagonist-Induced Thrombocytopenia in Chimpanzee and Rhesus Monkey Associated With Preexisting Drug-Dependent Antibodies to Platelet Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
Authors: Bohumil Bednar, Jacquelynn J. Cook, Marie A. Holahan, Michael E. Cunningham, Patricia A. Jumes, Rodney A. Bednar, George D. Hartman, Robert J. Gould
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract 3461: Profiling the effects of MEK inhibition on kinase phosphorylation and protease secretion using antibody arrays
Authors: Greta Wegner, Erin Eleria, Wen-Chieh Liao, Dave Finkel, Amy James
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The frequent deregulation of ERK signaling in tumors has led to the development of MEK inhibitors, which have proven to be clinically relevant to malignancies harboring BRAF mutations. Since proliferation and invasion are intertwined aspects of metastasis, antibody arrays were used to measure the effect of multiple MEK inhibitors on 43 kinases and 34 proteases. Treatment of SK-BR-3 cells with MEK inhibitors resulted in decreased ERK (T202/Y204) and STAT3 (S727) phosphorylation. Increased p38 phosphorylation was observed following treatment with multiple inhibitors, but a decrease was observed in response to PD0325901. These differential effects demonstrate the utility of arrays for parsing out crosstalk between signaling pathways. To assess the effects of inhibitors across multiple cancer cell lines, changes in ERK phosphorylation were examined using ELISA. High ERK activation was observed in both RTK-driven and RAF/RAS mutation-containing cells, but did not correlate with sensitivity to MEK inhibition and was instead determined to be inhibitor dependent. Protease profiles were also impacted by MEK inhibition, with reduced MMP secretion detected by antibody arrays and ELISAs in inhibitor treated cells. Citation Format: Greta Wegner, Erin Eleria, Wen-Chieh Liao, Dave Finkel, Amy James. Profiling the effects of MEK inhibition on kinase phosphorylation and protease secretion using antibody arrays. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3461. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3461