tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nosocomial Transmission of Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci From Surfaces
Authors: Jack B. Anon, Michael R. Jacobs, Michael D. Poole, Mendel E. Singer
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16538: Heads or Tails?
Authors: Aditi Singhvi, Sunay Shah, John Frank, Michael P Hudson
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: We present the case of a 61-year-old female who presented with cardiac arrest and was diagnosed with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and anomalous right coronary artery. Background: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and anomalous coronary arteries are rare conditions that are frequently asymptomatic but may produce highly variable symptoms including dyspnea, chest discomfort, syncope, and ventricular arrhythmias/sudden cardiac death. Case: A 61-year-old female health insurance worker, with a history of hypertension, asthma and obesity had a witnessed cardiac arrest at work and was resuscitated and defibrillated by a colleague. She sustained a cervical spine fracture and diaphragmatic paralysis as a result, without serious anoxic brain injury or multi-organ failure. She had a history of syncope, three weeks prior, with abnormal echocardiogram showing likely HCM (ejection fraction 65%, left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, mild systolic anterior motion ...
Imaging Modalities for Assessment of Treatment Response to Nonsurgical Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy: Contrast-Enhanced US, CT, and MRI
Authors: Yasunori Minami, Masatoshi Kudo
Journal: Liver Cancer (2015)

Tumor response and time to progression have been considered pivotal for surrogate assessment of treatment efficacy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent advancements in imaging modalities such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are playing an important role in assessing the therapeutic effects of HCC treatments. According to some HCC clinical guidelines, post-therapeutic evaluation of HCC patients is based exclusively on contrast-enhanced dynamic imaging criteria. The recommended techniques are contrast-enhanced CT or contrast-enhanced MRI. Contrast-enhanced US is employed more in the positive diagnosis of HCC than in post-therapeutic monitoring. Although contrast enhancement is an important finding on imaging, enhancement does not necessarily depict the same phenomenon across modalities. We need to become well acquainted with the characteristics of each modality, including not only contrast-enhanced CT and MRI but also contrast-enhanced US. Many nonsurgical treatment options are now available for unresectable HCC, and accurate assessment of tumor response is essential to achieve favorable outcomes. For the assessment of successful radiofrequency ablation (RFA), the achievement of a sufficient ablation margin as well the absence of tumor vascular enhancement is essential. To evaluate the response to transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE), enhanced tumor shrinkage is relied on as a measure of antitumor activity. Here, we give an overview of the current status of imaging assessment of HCC response to nonsurgical treatments including RFA and TACE.
Radiology of the Adrenals with Sonography and CT.
Authors: Harold A. Mitty, Hsu-Chong Yeh
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

The basic science and application of clinical adrenal imaging is presented. The initial chapters deal with anatomic review and methods of adrenal imaging. The bulk of the book consists of individual chapters describing pathologic entities and syndromes of adrenal disease. The final chapter deals with differentiation of adrenal lesions from masses arising in adjacent organs. There is no other single source available which so concisely presents adrenal imaging. (KRM)
A Crucial Role of L‐Selectin in C Protein–Induced Experimental Polymyositis in Mice
Authors: Kyosuke Oishi, Yasuhito Hamaguchi, Takashi Matsushita, Minoru Hasegawa, Naoko Okiyama, Jens Dernedde, Marie Weinhart, Rainer Haag, Thomas F. Tedder, Kazuhiko Takehara, Hitoshi Kohsaka, Manabu Fujimoto
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective To investigate the role of adhesion molecules in C protein–induced myositis (CIM), a murine model of polymyositis (PM). Methods CIM was induced in wild‐type mice, L‐selectin–deficient (L‐selectin −/− ) mice, intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1)–deficient (ICAM‐1 −/− ) mice, and mice deficient in both L‐selectin and ICAM‐1 (L‐selectin −/− ICAM‐1 −/− mice). Myositis severity, inflammatory cell infiltration, and messenger RNA expression in the inflamed muscles were analyzed. The effect of dendritic polyglycerol sulfate, a synthetic inhibitor that suppresses the function of L‐selectin and endothelial P‐selectin, was also examined. Results L‐selectin −/− mice and L‐selectin −/− ICAM‐1 −/− mice developed significantly less severe myositis compared to wild‐type mice, while ICAM‐1 deficiency did not inhibit the development of myositis. L‐selectin −/− mice that received wild‐type T cells developed myositis. Treatment with dendritic polyglycerol sulfate significantly diminished the severity of myositis in wild‐type mice compared to treatment with control. Conclusion These data indicate that L‐selectin plays a major role in the development of CIM, whereas ICAM‐1 plays a lesser role, if any, in the development of CIM. L‐selectin–targeted therapy may be a candidate for the treatment of PM.
Critical Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Aminopeptidase 1 in Determining the Length and Sequence of Peptides Bound and Presented by HLA–B27
Authors: Liye Chen, Roman Fischer, Yanchun Peng, Emma Reeves, Kirsty McHugh, Nicola Ternette, Tomas Hanke, Tao Dong, Tim Elliott, Nilabh Shastri, Simon Kollnberger, Edward James, Benedikt Kessler, Paul Bowness
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2013)

HLA-B27 and endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1) are the two strongest genetic factors predisposing to ankylosing spondylitis (AS). A key aminopeptidase in class I major histocompatibility complex presentation, ERAP1 potentially contributes to the pathogenesis of AS by altering HLA-B27 peptide presentation. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of ERAP1 on the HLA-B27 peptide repertoire and peptide presentation to cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs).
Abstract P002: Gender Differences in Atrial Fibrillation Hospitalizations
Authors: Sahar Naderi, Yun Wang, JoAnne Foody
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: While there are recognized gender differences in cardiovascular disease, little is known regarding the role of gender in atrial fibrillation (AF). We therefore sought to determine differences in characteristics of AF hospitalization between men and women. Methods: Data from the 2009-2010 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project were used to model AF hospitalizations as a function of patient age and gender. Results: Of 192,846 AF hospitalizations, 50% of patients were female. Mean age was 74 years versus 66 years for men. Figure I shows AF hospitalizations stratified by age and gender. Women were less likely than men to have diabetes (24 vs 25%, p&lt;0.001), chronic kidney disease (11.2 vs 12.2%, p&lt;0.001), and obesity (12.2 vs 12.9%, p&lt;0.001). They were more likely to have a history of stroke (2.0 vs 1.7%, p&lt;0.001), hypertension (68.7 vs 62.5%, p&lt;0.001), and depression (9.6 vs 5.4%, p&lt;0.001). Females were more likely to be admitted from the emergency room (72.9 vs 66.6%, p&lt;0.001), were hospitalized longer (mean days 3.6 vs 3.3, p&lt;0.001), and were more likely to be discharged to a skilled nursing facility (10.1 vs 4.5%, p&lt;0.001). Women were less likely to have an electrical cardioversion (12.4 vs 18.4%, p&lt;0.001) or AF ablation performed (5 vs 10%, p&lt;0.001) and had a higher mortality than men (0.95 vs 0.75%, p&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Women are hospitalized with AF later in life than men, with the greatest burden in female octogenarians. There is a high prevalence of depression among this cohort. While they have fewer comorbidities, women appear to be more symptomatic from AF and more debilitated upon discharge. Despite this, women are less likely than men to have procedures commonly used to treat AF and are more likely to die during hospitalization.
Abstract 1836: Erlotinib induces NF-kappa B dependence that promotes EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Collin M. Blakely, Evangelos Pazarentzos, Saurabh Asthana, Victor Olivas, Irena Tan, Timothy Fouts, Jeffrey Meshulam, Trever G. Bivona
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The vast majority of patients with lung adenocarcinomas harboring activating mutation in EGFR respond to EGFR tyrosine inhibitors (TKI) (i.e. erlotinib). However, the magnitude of tumor regression is variable and responses are short-lived with a median duration of 9-12 months. We recently identified activation of the NF-κB (Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling pathway as a key mediator of de novo resistance to EGFR TKI therapy in cell lines and tumor xenograft models of lung adenocarcinoma. However, the role of NF-κB activation in mediating EGFR TKI acquired resistance in lung adenocarcinoma is not well defined. We have found that erlotinib treatment of EGFR TKI sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cell lines promotes the rapid phosphorylation and degradation of IκB (inhibitor of NF-κB) and subsequent activation of the NF-κB subunit RelA. RelA activation is accompanied by transcriptional activation of downstream NF-κB target genes, including IL6. Prolonged exposure of EGFR TKI sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cell lines to erlotinib leads to EGFR TKI acquired resistance that is accompanied by sustained NF-κB activation and IL6 expression. EGFR TKI acquired resistance can be overcome by treating cells with erlotinib in combination with PBS-1086 (rel∼MD, Inc.), a direct Rel inhibitor. Furthermore, concomitant treatment of EGFR TKI sensitive lung adenocarcinoma cells with erlotinib + PBS-1086 prevents the development of EGFR TKI acquired resistance. Together, these results demonstrate the molecular basis for the synthetic lethality of combined EGFR and NF-κB inhibition and provide mechanism-based rationale for polytherapies against both EGFR and NF-κB to enhance response in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Broadly, our findings provide novel insights into the biological and clinical consequences of the context-specific and dynamic functional interplay between EGFR and NF-κB signaling. Citation Format: Collin M. Blakely, Evangelos Pazarentzos, Saurabh Asthana, Victor Olivas, Irena Tan, Timothy Fouts, Jeffrey Meshulam, Trever G. Bivona. Erlotinib induces NF-kappa B dependence that promotes EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance in lung adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1836. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1836
Demands of an Aging Population for Critical Care and Pulmonary Services—Reply
Authors: Derek C. Angus
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 13888: Long-term Intermittent Fasting Treatment Improves Cardiac Function and Inotropic Reserve by Restoration of Cardiac Beta-adrenergic Signaling in an Experimental Model of Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Claudio de Lucia, Giuseppina Gambino, Grazia D Femminella, Gennaro Pagano, Klara Komici, Laura Petraglia, Roberto Formisano, Andrea Elia, Alessandro Cannavo, Daniela Liccardo, Maria L D’Amico, Dario Leosco, Nicola Ferrara, Giuseppe Rengo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction and Hypothesis: Restricted diets are effective interventions to enhance cardiovascular function and metabolic profile and are known to improve life spam. IF (Intemittent fasting) dietary regimen has a cardioprotective effect in a rat model of myocardial infarction (MI) when diet is started before MI induction. In heart failure (HF), upregulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) contributes to dysfunctional beta-adrenergic receptor (βAR) signaling and to decrease cardiac inotropic reserve. Moreover, it has been shown that caloric restriction has positive effects on the development of left ventricular hypertrophy and improves ischemic tolerance. Hence, we will test whether a long-term restricted diet, started late after MI, is beneficial in HF and how it could affect cardiac adrenergic signaling. Methods: forty rats were randomly assigned to MI or sham operation. Four weeks later, a time point when post-ischemic HF was established, HF and sham rats were further randomized to a one year IF dietary restriction or ad libitum diet. Thus, our final animal population consisted in 4 groups: Sham normal diet, Sham IF diet, HF normal diet and HF IF diet. Results: One year of IF diet induced a robust decrease in body weight. In HF groups, restricted diet resulted in improved cardiac systolic function and reduced left ventricle end diastolic diameter compared to HF rats fed with normal diet, as measured by echocardiography at the end of the study period. No differences in cardiac function and dimension were observed between sham groups treated with different diets. Consistently, invasive hemodynamic showed that both LV contractility and relaxation in response to βAR stimulation were significantly increased in IF HF rats compared to HF normal diet animals. IF diet resulted in improved cardiac βAR density and adenylyl cyclase activity in HF rats when compared to HF rats treated with standard diet. Restoration of βAR signaling was associated to a dramatic reduction in cardiac GRK2 protein levels. Conclusions: We have demonstrated for the first time that IF, started when HF is already established, ameliorates cardiac function and inotropic reserve in an experimental model of HF. At the molecular level, IF diet significantly improves βAR signaling in HF.
Association of Serum Phosphate Levels With Aortic Valve Sclerosis and Annular Calcification
Authors: Jason P. Linefsky, Kevin D. O'Brien, Ronit Katz, Ian H. de Boer, Eddy Barasch, Nancy S. Jenny, David S. Siscovick, Bryan Kestenbaum
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
IgH DJ rearrangements within T-ALL correlate with cCD79a expression, an immature/TCRγδ phenotype and absence of IL7Rα/CD127 expression
Authors: V Asnafi, K Beldjord, R Garand, C Millien, M Bahloul, P LeTutour, L Douay, F Valensi, E Macintyre
Journal: Leukemia (2004)
Abrupt rate accelerations or premature beats cause life-threatening arrhythmias in mice with long-QT3 syndrome
Authors: Dieter Nuyens, Milan Stengl, Saran Dugarmaa, Tom Rossenbacker, Veerle Compernolle, Yoram Rudy, Jos F. Smits, Willem Flameng, Colleen E. Clancy, Lieve Moons, Marc A. Vos, Mieke Dewerchin, Klaus Benndorf, Désiré Collen, Edward Carmeliet, Peter Carmeliet
Journal: Nature Medicine (2001)
The Public's Enthusiasm for Cancer Screening
Authors: Douglas Shenson, Michael Alderman
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Fetal Growth and Preterm Birth in Children Exposed to Maternal or Paternal Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Authors: Ane L. Rom, Chun S. Wu, Jørn Olsen, Hanne Kjærgaard, Damini Jawaheer, Merete L. Hetland, Mogens Vestergaard, Lina S. Mørch
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

To assess indicators of fetal growth and risk of preterm birth in children of parents with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Through linkage of Danish national registries, we identified all children born in Denmark between 1977 and 2008. We used general linear regression models to estimate mean differences in indicators of fetal growth among children with a parent with RA compared to unexposed children. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of preterm birth were calculated using a logistic regression model. Of the 1,917,723 children included, a total of 13,556 children were exposed to maternal RA or maternal preclinical RA. Children exposed to maternal RA (n = 2,101) had approximately similar length, head circumference, and abdominal circumference at birth compared with children of mothers without RA. Birth weight was 87 gm lower (mean difference -87.04 gm [95% CI -111.23, -62.84]) and placenta weight was 14 gm lower (-13.45 gm [95% CI -21.46, -5.43]) than those in children of mothers without RA. Rather similar results were found in children exposed to maternal preclinical RA (n = 11,455). Compared with unexposed children, a higher risk of preterm birth was found in children exposed to maternal RA (OR 1.48 [95% CI 1.20, 1.84]) and preclinical RA (OR 1.32 [95% CI 1.07, 1.64]). No associations were found with paternal RA. Children exposed to either maternal RA or maternal preclinical RA are more often born preterm. However, indicators of fetal growth measured at birth were only slightly lower than those in unexposed children.
Oral Surgery: Present and Future
Authors: A E SWANSON, R K LINDSAY
Journal: JAMA (1963)

The history of the specialty of oral surgery is reviewed from the days of its origin, when it was essentially confined to exodontia, to its present status, in which it includes many and varied surgical operations relative to the human jaws and their associated structures. The scope and training pertinent to modern oral surgery are discussed. A three-year program on a graduate basis, required as partial fulfilment of the qualifications for accreditation and certification by the American Board of Oral Surgery, is described in detail. The need for mutual understanding by the medical and dental professions, as to what this specialty has to offer in terms of a total community health program, is emphasized.
Contribution of circulating stem cells to human tumor vasculature
Authors: Takeshi Natori, Masataka Sata, Kaoru Furushima, Toshiro Konishi, Masatoshi Makuuchi
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

3990 

It has been shown that circulating stem or progenitor cells derived from bone marrow can form a major fraction of the tumor endothelium in mouse tumors. To determine the role of such cells in human tumor neovascularization, we studied individuals who developed cancers after peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) with donor cells derived from individuals of the opposite sex. By performing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with sex chromosome-specific probes in conjunction with fluorescent antibody staining, we found that such stem cells indeed contributed to tumor endothelium. These results have important implications for the translation of experimental anti-angiogenic therapies to the clinic.
Abstract 18822: Endoglin Selectively Modulates TRPC Expression in Response to Left or Right Ventricular Pressure Overload
Authors: Kevin J Morine, Vikram Paruchuri, Xiaoying Qiao, Duc T Pham, Gordon S Huggins, David Denofrio, Michael S Kiernan, Richard Karas, Navin K Kapur
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Endoglin is an accessory receptor for the cytokine transforming growth factor beta. Reduced endoglin activity limits cardiac fibrosis due to left ventricular (LV) pressure overload. Recently, we reported that reducing endoglin activity also limits upregulation of the profibrogenic transient receptor potential canonical channel 6 (TRPC6) in the right ventricle (RV) during pressure overload. Few studies have compared TRPC channel expression in the RV versus LV. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that endoglin regulates TRPC upregulation in response to RV and LV pressure overload. Methods: To explore a functional role for endoglin as a regulator of TRPC expression in response to RV or LV pressure overload, endoglin haploinsufficient (Eng+/-) and wild-type (Eng+/+) mice were exposed to thoracic aortic (TAC) or pulmonary arterial (PAC) constriction for 10 weeks. Biventricular tissue was then analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: After TAC, LV levels of TPRC1 and 6 were increased in both Eng +/+ and Eng +/- mice compared to sham controls. LV levels of TRPC4 were increased in Eng +/+, not Eng +/- mice after TAC. After PAC, RV levels of TRPC1, 3, 4, and 6 were increased in Eng +/+ compared to sham controls. In contrast, chronic RV pressure overload did not increase RV levels of TRPC1, 3, 4, and 6 in Eng +/- mice compared to sham controls. Conclusions: Pressure overload induces distinct profiles of TRPC expression in the RV and LV and these effects in the RV require full endoglin activity. Taken together, these data support that endoglin may be an important and novel target of therapy to modulate RV responses to injury.