tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis and Ulcerative Colitis in a Patient With Turner's Syndrome
Authors: Hikaru Nishimura
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Turner's syndrome was originally reported as sexual infantilism, short stature, webbed neck, and cubitus valgus. Subsequent investigations, however, have disclosed many other abnormalities, both in chromosomal and physical features, occurring in this syndrome. We describe a case of Turner's syndrome with coexisting Hashimoto's thyroiditis and ulcerative colitis. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 33-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital for the evaluation of low-back pain. She was the product of a full-term delivery. Sexual development was retarded, but by the age of 19 years she noted the onset of spontaneous, irregular menstruation, minimal breast development, and the growth of pubic hair. At age 20 years, she underwent thyroid function tests because of an asymptomatic goiter, the results of which were reportedly normal. Two years ago she developed persistent diarrhea and fever and was admitted to another hospital, where a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was made. Thyroid biopsy
Hyperkalemia Resulting From Captopril Administration
Authors: Sanford E. Warren
Journal: JAMA (1980)

POTASSIUM retention with minimal increases in serum potassium levels has been reported during captopril treatment for essential hypertension.<sup>1,2</sup>Actual elevation of serum potassium level has not been reported in captopril-treated patients, however, and the therapeutic approach to such hyperkalemia remains undefined. We report a case of captopril-induced hyperkalemia that occurred in a patient with scleroderma, azotemia, and elevated plasma renin activity. Analysis of urinary aldosterone response to captopril, coupled with the therapeutic response of serum potassium to mineralocorticoid replacement, suggests that selective aldosterone deficiency in this patient precipitated the hyperkalemia. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 52-year-old man with a ten-year history of scleroderma (Raynaud's phenomenon, thick skin, esophageal dysfunction) had development of accelerated hypertension in the fall of 1979. His blood pressure (BP) increased from 144/80 to 224/122 mm Hg, and serum creatinine level increased from 1.8 to 4.5 mg/dL between August and October. The patient was admitted to
Antagonistic Effects Of Ozone (O3) Exposure and Glucocorticoid Treatment On Airway Hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and Surfactant Protein D (SP-D) Production In Mice
Authors: Moyar Q. Ge, Monica Soni, Imre Redai, Blerina Kokalari, Angela Haczku, Zhilong Jiang
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
Screening of vision in school: could we do better by doing less?
Authors: S. L. Stewart-Brown, M. Haslum
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Assessment of vision in schoolchildren is routinely performed, but the effectiveness of the screening programmes has not been reviewed. A survey of health district screening programmes for vision in schools was performed at the end of 1984. The response rate from districts in England and Wales was 81%. All 165 of the districts that responded screened for loss of distant visual acuity; 96% screened for loss of colour vision, 73% for squint, and 67% for loss of near visual acuity. The frequency with which districts screened varied considerably. Some districts screened yearly, and various different types of tests were used. In many districts children were screened in unsuitable places, such as corridors, assembly halls, and toilets. Criteria for referral varied from one district to another, and few districts collected data appropriate for monitoring their screening programmes. Many districts screened more intensively than could be justified on the basis of the conditions tested for and the likely benefit of remedial treatment.
Lack of association of mannose binding lectin variant alleles with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: T Momot
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2006)

Mannose binding lectin (MBL) is a member of the collectin family, is structurally related to the complement component C1q, and is involved in the innate immune response.1 So far, three mutations of MBL have been described in codons 54, 57, and 52 (termed variant alleles B, C, and D or 0 alleles) that are associated with dysfunctional formation of the molecule.2,3 Homozygous combinations of variant alleles of MBL have been found in about 1–10% of Europeans and are associated with increased incidence of infections in childhood, subsets of adults, and possibly those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).4

In a recent prospective study of 91 patients with SLE, MBL deficiency was a risk factor for “arterial thrombosis”, in particular, with myocardial infarction.5 …
NEW GENERATION DRUG-ELUTING STENTS IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE
Authors: Konstantinos Toutouzas, Chrysoula Patsa, Costas Tsioufis, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Anastasios Spanos, Costas Tentolouris, Dimitrios Tousoulis, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
CYTOLOGICAL AND CYTOCHEMICAL STUDIES OF H<scp>E</scp>L<scp>A</scp> CELLS INFECTED WITH ADENOVIRUSES
Authors: Georgiana S. Boyer, Cecilie Leuchtenberger, Harold S. Ginsberg
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

The sequential morphological and cytochemical alterations in HeLa cells infected with adenovirus types 1 to 4 are described. Each of the four viruses studied led to consistent and reproducible cytological changes not observed in uninfected control cultures. All four agents produced striking and characteristic changes in the nuclei of infected cells. Alterations in the cytoplasm, though present, were less marked, particularly in the early stages of infection. In cells infected with type 1 or 2 adenovirus, rounded intranuclear inclusions which progressed from eosinophilic and Feulgen-negative to basophilic and Feulgen-positive, together with a homogeneous glassy, Feulgen-positive nuclear background, were prominent features. Cells infected with type 3 or 4 adenovirus exhibited marked rearrangement of basophilic nuclear material and sharply defined crystal-like inclusions, predominantly intranuclear in location, which also varied from Feulgen-negative to positive. In terms of detailed cytological effects, therefore, the four agents could be divided into two subgroups, viz., types 1 and 2 on the one hand and types 3 and 4 on the other. Measurement of DNA in individual nuclei by means of Feulgen microspectrophotometry revealed the values in infected cells to be increased above the levels of the uninfected controls.
Effect of vitamin E on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis in ESRD patients
Authors: Masatoshi Mune, Susumu Yukawa, Masanori Kishino, Haruhisa Otani, Keigo Kimura, Osamu Nishikawa, Toshio Takahashi, Naoya Kodama, Yasushi Saika, Yoichi Yamada
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Acute heart failure patients should be seen by specialist teams, says NICE
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

All hospitals admitting patients with suspected acute heart failure should provide a specialist heart failure service based on a cardiology ward, say new draft guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE).1

There are over 67 000 admissions for acute heart failure in England and Wales each year, and it is the leading cause of …
Typhoid Enterocolitis Simulating Chronic Bacillary Dysentery
Authors: Emanuel M. Rappaport, Eugene O. Rappaport
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1950)

THE current literature is replete with accounts1 2 3 4 of typhoid fever occurring in patients who had previously received prophylactic inoculations. Furthermore, there are numerous reports dealing with asymptomatic carriers and the wide variety of therapeutic measures, both medical5 6 7 8 9 10 and surgical, designed to eradicate the organism. The case of chronic typhoid infection of the intestinal tract reported below presents several unique features: chronic dysentery of four years' duration due to Eberthella typhosa in a man who had been previously immunized against typhoid; absence of any antecedent febrile illness suggestive of typhoid fever; proctosigmoidoscopic evidence of chronic colitis and x-ray changes involving the . . .
Evidence based politics
Authors: T. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Why should the home secretary, Michael Howard, study the history of tuberculosis? Let me explain.

All the current talk about evidence based medicine gives the impression that clinicians have only recently based their treatments on the results of randomised controlled trials. However, in Britain it was during the immediate post war years that clinical trials made their greatest impact, when a series of studies established that virtually all patients suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis, no matter how advanced, could be cured if given triple chemotherapy.

The story has recently been told by one of its chief actors, Sir John Crofton, in Science and Society: Tuberculosis, Tobacco, Poverty, …
Genetic Prognostic Markers for Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kenneth Offit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Genetic testing is increasingly being used in the management of cancer. Cytogenetic and molecular genetic assays now play a part in the diagnosis and monitoring of a variety of leukemias, lymphomas, and solid tumors. Moreover, the identification of inherited mutations of genes that cause susceptibility to cancer provides new tools for the prevention and early detection of cancer.1 The study by Gryfe et al. in this issue of the Journal concerns the prognostic importance of a genetic abnormality (microsatellite instability) that occurs not only in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer but also in colorectal tumors in young patients (50 years of . . .
Reversible Hematologic Sequelae of Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: CHARLES M. PETERSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1977)

Seven patients with diabetes mellitus were hospitalized and their blood sugar concentrations regulated as a result of fasting blood sugar, sugar around meals, urinary sugar, and hemoglobin AIc assays. Erythrocyte half-life as measured by 51Cr increased in all patients from a mean of 27 days to 31 days, while hemoglobin AIc levels decreased from a mean of 10.1% to 5.6%. Leukocyte adherence increased in all patients from a mean of 28% to 51%. Most striking were the changes observed in platelet function in response to epinephrine. The length of the secondary lag phase of platelet aggregation, after a stimulus with final concentration of 70 µM of epinephrine, increased from a mean of 19 seconds to 65 seconds. Studies in additional patients confirmed an inverse correlation between hemoglobin AIc concentration and the secondary lag phase (r = 0.87, P < 0.001). These studies found that certain secondary sequelae of diabetes can be corrected by strict carbohydrate control and confirmed that hemoglobin AIc assays provide a useful means of showing the degree of control of glucose metabolism in diabetic patients.
717-3 Do All Patients Undergoing Inoue Balloon Mitral Valvotomy Need Transesophageal Echo (TEE) to Exclude Left Atrial Thrombus?
Authors: Jai J. Patel, Robin B. Dyer, Ravi G. Pillay, Miroslav J. Munclinger, Abdul S. Mitha
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The chemical chaperone trimethylamine N-oxide ameliorates the effects of mutant keratins in cultured cells
Authors: D. Lee, D. Santos, H. Al-Rawi, A.M. McNeill, E.L. Rugg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Sir, Mutations in keratin genes are the cause of at least 19 distinct disorders, many of which affect the skin and its appendages.1 The clinical symptoms vary according to the expression pattern of the mutated keratin but typically involve cell fragility and hyperkeratosis. Although keratin disorders are rarely life threatening, they can be painful and debilitating and most treatments are limited to pain relief and prevention of infection. The observation that many keratin mutations are associated with cytoplasmic keratin aggregates led us to hypothesize that keratin disorders are protein‐folding disorders and that chemical chaperones, which promote normal protein folding, will reduce the cellular effects of the mutant keratins.2 To test this hypothesis we examined the ability of the chemical chaperone trimethylamine N‐oxide (TMAO) to reduce the effects of hyperosmotic stress in cells expressing mutant keratins. We first examined the effect of hyperosmotic stress on a cell line derived from a patient with epidermolysis bullosa simplex (KEB‐1; K5:Glu475Gly).3 Incubation of KEB‐1 cells with medium containing 300 mmol L−1 sorbitol for 30 min led to collapse of the keratin cytoskeleton and the formation of cytoplasmic keratin aggregates in more than 20% of the cells. In contrast, keratin aggregates formed fewer than 5% of controls cells (SVK14 cell line) following similar treatment. Pretreatment of KEB‐1 cells with TMAO reduced the number of cells with keratin aggregates to control levels (Fig. 1). A decrease in the number of keratin aggregate‐containing cells was noted after prolonged exposure (> 30 min) of KEB‐1 cells to hyperosmotic conditions. This could indicate that cells containing aggregates were lost from the culture dish or that the keratinocytes were re‐establishing their keratin cytoskeleton. To distinguish between these possibilities, KEB‐1 and SVK14 cells were incubated with sorbitol for various times and the number of cells remaining attached to the plate determined. There was a time‐dependent decrease in the number of KEB‐1 cells indicating that cells containing keratin aggregates were preferentially lost from the culture dish. No effect on cell number was observed in control cells. Pretreatment with TMAO protected KEB‐1 cells from hyperosmotic‐induced cell loss (Fig. 1).
The Technical Writer, An Aid to the Presentation and Production of Technical Literature
Authors: William B. Bean
Journal: JAMA (1961)

In an effort to standardize correct style, form, format, abbreviations, indexing, references, and the like, a Committee on Form and Style of the Conference of Biological Editors under the chairmanship of J. Roger Porter has put together a first-rate book on the style and mechanics of preparing biological papers. Although it is not altogether complete from the point of view of medicine, it is an admirable guide and could serve as a very useful instruction book for those submitting to the<i>Archives or The Journal of the American Medical Association</i>. This book will have wide applicability, since it has been adopted in whole or in part by the editors and editorial boards of 76 biological journals. The first section deals with writing and is full of sound advice, good illustrations, and enough examples of current grotesqueness to satisfy even the most skeptical critic. The rest of the book deals with
Dries van Dantzig
Authors: Tony Sheldon
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Concentration camp survivor and psychiatrist who became a high profile campaigner on child abuseThe Dutch psychiatrist and psychotherapy professor Dries van Dantzig once confessed to a colleague that he survived Neuengamme concentration camp "by making myself invisible"-which makes his survival seem all the more remarkable, as later he was rarely out of the public arena as a tireless and hard hitting promoter of mental health care.Imprisonment followed by years in a tuberculosis sanatorium may have sharpened the sense of injustice that reportedly drove Van Dantzig in his later public life.Today he is remembered as a merciless debater, publicist, political lobbyist, and film critic.His refusal to take "no for an answer" ensured that mental health and especially child abuse had a higher place on the political agenda of postwar Holland than it otherwise might have had.Van Dantzig was renowned for glaring from the front row at conference speakers with whom he disagreed.He made countless television appearances, and seemed to know a remarkable number of government ministers personally.The simple theme that underpinned his career was that, compared with somatic illness, psychiatric illness was largely ignored and underfunded.He illustrated this by arguing that every year more children would be killed by abuse than would ever die from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which attracted millions more in funding.He suggested that up to 30% of the population had a neurosis, and that cases of child abuse could result in 50 to 80 deaths a year.Dries van Dantzig was born in 1920 into a progressive and left leaning family in Gouda.His education in Amsterdam was disrupted as the second world war broke out while he was still in his teens.He was eventually arrested for his involvement with the resistance and sent to Neuengamme near Hamburg.Of the 5500 Dutchmen sent there only 600 survived.Van Dantzig was among the few who did because, he later claimed, he was able to blend into the background amid such horrors as collecting dead bodies to take to the ovens or eating the food of those who had died.Yet all the time he was sharpening both his observational skills and his acute sense of injustice.
A Controlled Trial of Population Management
Authors: Richard W. Grant, Enrico Cagliero, Christine M. Sullivan, Anil K. Dubey, Greg A. Estey, Eric M. Weil, Joseph Gesmundo, David M. Nathan, Daniel E. Singer, Henry C. Chueh, James B. Meigs
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—Population-level strategies to organize and deliver care may improve diabetes management. We conducted a multiclinic controlled trial of population management in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We created diabetic patient registries (n = 3,079) for four primary care clinics within a single academic health center. In the intervention clinic (n = 898), a nurse practitioner used novel clinical software (PopMan) to identify patients on a weekly basis with outlying values for visit and testing intervals and last measured levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure. For these patients, the nurse practitioner e-mailed a concise patient-specific summary of evidence-based management suggestions directly to primary care providers (PCPs). Population changes in risk factor testing, medication prescription, and risk factor levels from baseline (1 January 2000 to 31 August 2001) to follow-up (1 December 2001 to 31 July 2003) were compared with the three usual-care control clinics (n = 2,181). RESULTS—Patients had a mean age of 65 years, were mostly white (81%), and the majority were insured by Medicare/Medicaid (62%). From baseline to follow-up, the increase in proportion of patients tested for HbA1c (P = 0.004) and LDL cholesterol (P &amp;lt; 0.001) was greater in the intervention than control sites. Improvements in diabetes-related medication prescription and levels of HbA1c, LDL cholesterol, and blood pressure in the intervention clinic were balanced by similar improvements in the control sites. CONCLUSIONS—Population-level clinical registries combined with summarized recommendations to PCPs had a modest effect on management. The intervention was limited by good overall quality of care at baseline and temporal improvements in all control clinics. It is unknown whether this intervention would have had greater impact in clinical settings with lower overall quality. Further research into more effective methods of translating population registry information into action is required.
Re: Felix K.-H. Chun, Markus Graefen, Alberto Briganti, Andrea Gallina, Julia Hopp, Michael W. Kattan, Hartwig Huland and Pierre I. Karakiewicz. Initial Biopsy Outcome Prediction—Head-to-Head Comparison of a Logistic Regression-Based Nomogram versus Artificial Neural Network. Eur Urol 2007;51:1236–43
Authors: Carsten Stephan, Hellmuth-A. Meyer, Henning Cammann, Michael Lein, Stefan A. Loening, Klaus Jung
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of Parkinson's disease: nested case-control study
Authors: J. A. Driver, G. Logroscino, L. Lu, J. M. Gaziano, T. Kurth
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the relation between Parkinson's disease and prior use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in a large cohort of men. <b>Design</b> Case-control analysis nested in the Physicians' Health Study. <b>Participants</b> 22 007 male physicians aged 40–84 years without indications for or contraindications to regular NSAID use and free of Parkinson's disease at baseline. Cases and controls were matched by age alone or by age and scores for confounders (comorbidity and indicators of NSAID use). Up to five controls were matched to each of 616 cases by age and 565 cases by age and confounder scores. <b>Setting</b> United States. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Odds of having been exposed to prior non-aspirin NSAID or aspirin use by participants with Parkinson's disease and by their controls in each case-control set. <b>Results</b> Participants who had ever used non-aspirin NSAIDs had an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (odds ratio 1.28 (95% CI 1.05 to 1.56) in the age matched group but not in the group also matched on confounder scores (odds ratio 1.17 (0.94 to 1.46)). There was an increased risk of Parkinson's disease in men who had 1–2 years of regular non-aspirin NSAID use (odds ratio 1.35 (1.07 to 1.70)), a finding that remained significant after matching for confounder scores as well (odds ratio 1.35 (1.05 to 1.75)). In contrast, the significant association of use of non-aspirin NSAIDs for ≥5 years (odds ratio 1.48 (1.05 to 2.09)) in the age matched group was entirely attenuated in the group also matched on confounder scores (1.03 (0.70 to 1.53)). There was also a suggestion that men who regularly used aspirin had an increased risk of Parkinson's disease. Positive associations between non-aspirin NSAID or aspirin and risk of Parkinson's disease tended to disappear when analyses were limited to drug use ≥5 years before the disease diagnosis. <b>Conclusions</b> This case-control study did not find evidence that NSAID use reduces Parkinson's disease risk. The positive associations observed between NSAID use and Parkinson's disease might have been due to confounding by indication as the use was clustered in the few years before disease diagnosis.
Maculoerythematous Rash after Lumbar Sympathectomy
Authors: Martin S. Litwin, Robert A. First
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

SEVERAL unusual postoperative complications have been described after sympathectomy. These include excessive dryness, with cracking of the skin in sympathectomized areas,1 , 2 and increased sweating,2 , 3 cyanotic mottling4 or neuralgic pain and hyperesthesia2 , 3 , 5 of undenervated skin dermatomes adjacent to sympathectomized areas.Recently, a patient on the Vascular Surgical Service of the West Roxbury Veterans Administration Hospital was readmitted two weeks after lumbar sympathectomy with a maculoerythematous rash over the anterolateral thigh in an area of postsympathectomy neuralgia. Because a complication of this sort after sympathectomy has not previously been reported it seems desirable to review our findings.Case ReportA 59-year-old electrician . . .
Prophylactic digitalization for coronary artery bypass surgery.
Authors: L W Johnson, R A Dickstein, C T Fruehan, P Kane, J L Potts, H Smulyan, W R Webb, R H Eich
Journal: Circulation (1976)

One hundred and twenty patients undergoing aortocoronary bypass procedures were randomly placed into control and digitalized groups. All were initially in normal sinus rhythm and without evidence of congestive heart failure. Supraventricular arrhythmias occurred in 17 of 66 controls and in only three of 54 digitalized patients (P less than 0.01). There was no evidence of digitals toxicity. Based on this evidence we recommend prophylactic digitalization for patients having aortocoronary bypass operations.