tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Cisplatin, Gemcitabine, and Ifosfamide As Weekly Therapy: A Feasibility and Phase II Study of Salvage Treatment for Advanced Transitional-Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Lance C. Pagliaro, Randall E. Millikan, Shi-Ming Tu, Dallas Williams, Danai Daliani, Christos N. Papandreou, Christopher J. Logothetis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: We investigated the feasibility, safety, and antitumor activity of weekly gemcitabine given in combination with low doses of cisplatin and ifosfamide in previously treated patients with advanced transitional-cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urothelium. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with measurable, metastatic or unresectable TCC who had received one or two prior chemotherapy regimens were eligible. On a 28-day course, doses of cisplatin 30 mg/m 2 , gemcitabine 800 mg/m 2 , and ifosfamide 1 g/m 2 were given on day 1 and then repeated on day 8 and day 15 unless there was dose-limiting hematologic toxicity. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients were registered; 10 patients participated in a pilot study, after which 41 patients were registered onto the phase II protocol. Forty-eight patients (94.1%) had dose-limiting hematologic toxicity on day 8 or day 15. Nonhematologic toxicity of grade 3 or greater consisted mainly of nausea and vomiting (seven patients, 13.7%) and infection (seven patients, 13.7%). Responses could be assessed in 49 of 51 eligible patients; two complete responses (4.1%) and 18 partial responses (36.7%) were observed for an overall response rate of 40.8% (exact 95% confidence interval, 27% to 56%). CONCLUSION: This regimen of cisplatin, gemcitabine, and ifosfamide is not feasible for weekly administration because of hematologic toxicity. Nevertheless, there was promising activity with only two doses per 28-day cycle. On the basis of these results, we have initiated a phase II trial of this combination given as a single dose every 14 days in patients with untreated, metastatic urothelial carcinoma.
Pigmented pedunculated malignant melanoma. A rare variant of nodular melanoma
Authors: P. KIENE, C. PETRES-DUNSCHE, R. FOLSTER-HOLST
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

Journal Article Pigmented pedunculated malignant melanoma. A rare variant of nodular melanoma Get access P. KIENE, P. KIENE Deportment of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstr, 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. PETRES‐DUNSCHE, C. PETRES‐DUNSCHE Deportment of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstr, 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. FÖLSTER‐HOLST R. FÖLSTER‐HOLST Deportment of Dermatology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstr, 7, 24105 Kiel, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 133, Issue 2, 1 August 1995, Pages 300–302, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02633.x Published: 01 August 1995 Article history Accepted: 06 September 1994 Published: 01 August 1995
Treatment of Acute Primidone Poisoning with Bemegride and Amiphenazole
Authors: G. Dotevall, B. Herner
Journal: BMJ (1957)

MEDIBALouRNAL 451 inflamed than the mucosa, and the cell reaction was largely polymorphonuclear.The outer surface showed peritonitis of apparently some days' duration.An occasional Gram- positive coccus was seen.Special staining revealed amyloid deposits in small vessels and in the basement membrane.
CMS's Landmark Decision on CT Colonography — Examining the Relevant Data
Authors: Sanket S. Dhruva, Steve E. Phurrough, Marcel E. Salive, Rita F. Redberg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

In an unprecedented endorsement of evidence-based medicine, the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) recently decided to deny coverage of computed tomographic (CT) colonography for cancer screening, concluding that “the evidence is inadequate.”1 The CMS emphasized that the “pivotal, overarching concern” in its decision was the fact that the findings of trials showing a benefit of screening with this method were not necessarily generalizable from the study populations to other groups of patients. In particular, the CMS noted that the mean age of participants in the studies that were cited in support of coverage was significantly lower than that . . .
Elementary Medical Statistics.
Authors: C. C. Li
Journal: JAMA (1963)

This new edition has been extensively reorganized and rewritten, but the main theme and basic feature of the book remain the same. It is not an ordinary textbook with a collection of statistical recipes. Dr. Mainland is addressing mature clinical researchers and their statistical colleagues, emphasizing good planning of an experiment rather than numerical juggling of the results. He is particularly critical of unnecessary and frequently unwarranted "significance" tests which abound in medical literature. The reader must not think that Dr. Mainland is condemning the test; he is merely against the wrong use of it. Dr. Mainland, a strong advocate for experimentation, regards survey results as better for administrative use than for scientific investigation. He is rightly skeptical of the<i>post hoc</i>interpretations of the usual survey data. Hundreds of pitfalls in interpreting experimental and survey results have been illustrated by anecdotes, real and hypothetical. Many passages actually read as
TNF-α-converting enzyme (TACE/ADAM17)-dependent loss of CD30 induced by proteasome inhibition through reactive oxygen species
Authors: A M Vahdat, K S Reiners, V L Simhadri, D A Eichenauer, B Böll, A Chalaris, V R Simhadri, K Wiegmann, H-W Krell, S Rose-John, A Engert, E P von Strandmann, H P Hansen
Journal: Leukemia (2009)
PMO-133 A naturally occurring model of liver regeneration? changes in mRNA expression of markers of hepatic regeneration in liver tissue from dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts following partial attenuation
Authors: M S Tivers, V Lipscomb, K Smith, C Wheeler-Jones, A House
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> There has been increasing interest in the possibility of using spontaneous canine hepatic disease as a model for those in human beings.<sup>1</sup> Dogs with congenital portosystemic shunts (CPSS) have hypoplasia of the liver and intrahepatic portal veins. While the condition is extremely rare in people, it is more common in dogs. Surgical CPSS attenuation results in liver growth and development of the intrahepatic portal vasculature, associated with clinical improvement.<sup>2</sup> The precise mechanism of this hepatic response is unknown; we hypothesised that it is due to hepatic regeneration and angiogenesis. The study aimed to measure the mRNA expression of growth factors and receptors involved in liver regeneration and angiogenesis in liver biopsies from dogs with CPSS before and after partial attenuation. <h3>Methods</h3> Dogs treated for CPSS were prospectively recruited to the study and liver biopsy samples were collected and placed in <i>RNAlater</i>. The expression of nine genes related to liver regeneration and angiogenesis were evaluated using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Differences in gene expression were assessed using independent or paired T tests. Significance was set at the 5% level (p=0.05). <h3>Results</h3> Liver biopsies were collected from 49 CPSS dogs to seven control dogs. 24 dogs tolerated complete attenuation of their CPSS and 25 tolerated partial attenuation. A second surgery was performed in all partial attenuation dogs to achieve complete attenuation and a follow-up biopsy was taken. HGF mRNA expression was significantly decreased in CPSS dogs compared with controls. There were significant increases in mRNA expression of HGF, MAT2α andVEGFR2 following partial CPSS attenuation. In addition, dogs that could tolerate complete attenuation had significantly greater MAT2α, VEGFR2 and TGFβR2 mRNA expression. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The results of this study indicate that the liver regeneration and angiogenesis are involved in the hepatic response to surgery in dogs with CPSS. This suggests that canine CPSS could be a useful, naturally occurring model of liver regeneration. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>Kruitwagen HS</b>, Arends B, Spee B, <i>et al</i>. Recombinant hepatocyte growth factor treatment in a canine model of congenital liver hypoplasia. <i>Liver Int</i> 2011;<b>31</b>:940–9. 2. <b>Lee KC</b>, Lipscomb VJ, Lamb CR, <i>et al</i>. Association of portovenographic findings with outcome in dogs receiving surgical treatment for single congenital portosystemic shunts: 45 cases (2000-2004). <i>J Am Vet Med Assoc</i> 2006;<b>229</b>:1122–9.
Electrocardiographic Changes during Hemodialysis with the Artificial Kidney
Authors: GLENN D. LUBASH, BURTON D. COHEN, WARREN S. BRAVEMAN, ALBERT L. RUBIN, E. HUGH LUCKEY
Journal: Circulation (1959)

In a series of 63 hemodialyses with the artificial kidney, digitalis had been administered 30 times. The occurrence of digitalis intoxication is discussed and the results of treatment are analyzed.
Demand for prescription drugs in rich areas rises after abolition of charges in Wales
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The phasing out of prescription charges in Wales may have led to more demand for prescription drugs in richer areas.

The percentage change in prescriptions for non-sedating antihistamines doubled during the two years after the first reduction in charges compared with the change during the two years before. In the same period rates stayed the same in parts of the south east of England, where charges remained ( Health …
Abstract 2258: Celastrol shows chemopreventive properties in an inflammatory driven model for colon cancer via induction of Nrf2 transcription.
Authors: Emily Barker, John J. Letterio, Gregory P. Tochtrop
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Celastrol is a natural triterpenoid isolated from the medicinal herb Triptyrgium wilfordii or Thunder of God vine. Celastrol has been shown to have a broad range of anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. A mouse model for inflammatory-driven colon carcinogenesis combines a conditional T-cell deletion of the Smad4 gene with germ line deletion of the p27Kip1 gene. These genetic deletions result in spontaneous inflammation of the intestinal tract and associated early and aggressive development of cancer in the epithelia of both the small intestine and colon. In this study, administration of celastrol as a dietary supplement at a dose of 2 mg/kg is shown to be an effective strategy for cancer chemoprevention in this mouse model of colon carcinogenesis. Mice of this strain on a celastrol-supplemented diet had increased overall health and increased survival compared to mice receiving control diet. In vivo, celastrol was observed to increase the otherwise suppressed expression of cytoprotective Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) target genes (in comparison to wild type) and also to decrease expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and accumulation of circulating nitric oxide in serum. In vitro, celastrol also induces antioxidant and cytoprotective activity through the induction of Nrf2 transcription as confirmed using macrophages derived from bone marrow of Nrf2-/- mice compared to wildtype. Celastrol induces the expression of many known Nrf2 target genes, including Hemeoxygenase-1, NAD(P)H quinone reductase-1, glutathione-S reductase, catalase and Nrf2 itself. This activity is abrogated in macrophages from Nrf2-/- mice. These data provide additional mechanistic insight on the potent anti-inflammatory activity of celastrol and present a rationale to further explore the capacity of dietary celastrol to suppress carcinogenesis in other, classical models of colon carcinogenesis with an emphasis on future potential for clinical translation. Citation Format: Emily Barker, John J. Letterio, Gregory P. Tochtrop. Celastrol shows chemopreventive properties in an inflammatory driven model for colon cancer via induction of Nrf2 transcription. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2258. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2258
Cerebral Lesions in Infancy
Authors: Paul M. Ellwood
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The diagnosis of cerebral disorders in infants is delayed and restricted in accuracy by the developmental status of the infant brain. Knowledge is limited of structures responsible for the obliteration of infantile reflexes. There is a long delay in expression of lesions relating to sensation, intellect, and the functions of the basal ganglia. Diagnosis is made difficult by the physiological simplicity of immature nervous structures, which limits the differences in mode of expression that would distinguish the normal from the abnormal brain. It is recommended that such tests as the ferric chloride test for phenylpyruvic oligophrenia be done routinely.
A New Tablet Test for Bilirubin in Urine
Authors: J. A. Tallack, S. Sherlock
Journal: BMJ (1954)

This paper describes a simple method for the detection of small amounts of bilirubin in the urine.Bilirubin is first concentrated by adsorption on a special test mat and then allowed to react with a stable diazonium com- pound incorporated in a tablet.Results obtained with urine from normal and jaundiced subjects have been compared with those using two standard routine methods for urinary bilirubin, Fouchet's test and the iodine ring test.Methods The tablet test is performed as follows: (1) Place 5 drops of urine on the test mat, which is 19 mm.square and
Long-term Use of Tetracycline
Authors: Belur S. Bhagavan, Robert E. Wenk, Edward F. McCarthy, Fred C. Gebhardt, Jack A. Lustgarten
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  We read the article on The Significance of Yellow Bone: Evidence for Tetracycline in Adult Human Bone (1981;246:761) by Oklund et al. Based on the demonstration of tetracycline fluorophore in donor bones in three men, who did not have an antecedent history of jaundice or hepatic or metabolic disorders, the authors conclude that long-term use of tetracycline in therapeutic dosages in the human adult has no known deleterious effect and that tetracycline in bone appears safe for the human carrier.  We disagree with the conclusions of Oklund et al. We recently saw a 21-year-old woman who died of tetracycline-associated fatty liver at 38 weeks of pregnancy and in whom we demonstrated gross and microscopic fluorescence of tetracycline in bone. Tissue extraction and quantitative chemical analysis showed 60 mg of tetracycline per gram of wet bone tissue. 1 Initially, we could elicit no history of tetracycline ingestion from
Management of atopic eczema in children aged up to 12 years: summary of NICE guidance
Authors: Sue Lewis-Jones, Moira A Mugglestone
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Atopic eczema affects one in five children in the United Kingdom1 and accounts for 1 in 30 consultations in community care.2 Recent data suggest that impaired skin barrier function is a major causative factor.3 4 There may be considerable physical and emotional morbidity for the child and the parents or carers, particularly if the disease is poorly controlled.5 Yet most healthcare professionals receive little or no relevant training in dermatology,6 and lack of knowledge, confusion, and anxiety about many of the available treatments are widespread among parents.5 7 This article summarises the most recent guidance from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) on how to manage atopic eczema in children from birth up to the age of 12 years.8 NICE recommendations are based on systematic reviews of the best available evidence. When minimal evidence is available, a range of consensus techniques is used to develop recommendations. In this summary, recommendations derived primarily from consensus techniques are indicated with an asterisk (*). ### Diagnosis and assessment #### Box 1 Criteria for diagnosing atopic eczema in children Itching plus three or more of:
Dyspnea on exertion. Is it the heart or the lungs?
Authors: K. Wasserman
Journal: JAMA (1982)

DYSPNEA is a sensation, a symptom, a complaint on the part of the patient of not being able to breathe enough or having to breathe too much, or, simply, an abnormal, uncomfortable feeling during breathing. Exertional dyspnea is the most common symptom of patients with pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases and the diseases of the pulmonary circulation. Since dyspnea during exercise precedes dyspnea at rest, exercise testing can expose cardiovascular and lung disease at an earlier stage if the patient is examined during exercise.  Our understanding of the factors that cause dyspnea with exercise has greatly improved since measurement of gas exchange and ventilation during exercise has been made reliable and easy by the development of new transducers and minicomputers. Not only has insight been gained into the mechanisms of dyspnea, but we have learned how to use exercise tests to distinguish between its various clinical causes. This review describes the
Transplacental Cardioversion of Fetal Supra Ventricular Tachycardia with Procainamide
Authors: Daniel A. Dumesic, Norman H. Silverman, Serge Tobias, Mitchell S. Golbus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Since Hyman's first phonocardiographic verification of fetal arrhythmia in 1930,1 there have been reports of persistent fetal tachycardia resulting in the delivery of infants with benign neonatal courses or severe congestive heart failure, or even in fetal loss.2 3 4 5 6 Intrauterine pharmacologic cardioversion with digoxin and propranolol has been reported previously.7 In this report we describe a case of fetal supraventricular tachycardia complicated by intrauterine congestive heart failure that was diagnosed by two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography. The arrhythmia was temporarily cardioverted on several occasions by administering intravenous procainamide to the mother after digoxin and propranolol had failed to alter the fetal heart . . .
Chronic Respiratory Disease in Postal Employees
Authors: E. Osborne Coates
Journal: JAMA (1965)

A survey was made by means of a standard questionnaire and spirometric test of 1,584 postal employees, aged 40 years or more, for respiratory symptoms and ventilatory impairment. "Chronic" cough and phlegm was recorded in 156, "chronic" wheezing in 108, and shortness of breath which interfered with ordinary activity in 67. Respiratory illness which caused at least a week's absence from work during the previous three years was noted in 104 subjects. Chronic respiratory symptoms, absences from work for respiratory disease, and diminished values in ventilatory tests were highly correlated with the amount of cigarette smoking. No relationship was found between chronic respiratory symptoms and prior exposure to silica dust.
Cineangiocardiographic Studies of the Origin of Cardiovascular Physical Signs
Authors: RICHARD S. ROSS, J. MICHAEL CRILEY
Journal: Circulation (1964)

THE contraction of the cardiac muscle is responsible for the movement of blood within the heart, alterations in the shape of the heart, and the movement of the heart within the chest.The cardiac physical signs are related to one or more of these consequences of the contraction and relaxation of cardiac muscle.Cardiac catheterization pro- vides information about the pressures within the heart, and the measurement of cardiac output determines flow over several cardiac cycles, but these technics are not completely satisfactory for the study of the production of physical signs.For this purpose, measurements of pressure should be supplemented by contin- uous measurements of flow from chamber to chamber within the heart, volume, and the ex- terior shape and position of the heart.Unfortu- nately, these ideal circumstances cannot be achieved in man, but radiologic technics provide a fair approximation of this ideal.Cineangiocardiograms obtained at 60 frames per second provide enough information about the movements of the heart during each car- diac cycle to be of value in the study of the origin of physical signs.Intracardiac pressure and sound can be recorded and correlated with cineangiocardiography, which provides temporal information about the flow of blood through the heart and great vessels during a single cardiac cycle.Though instantaneous flow is not measured in absolute terms, it is possible with accuracy to time the onset of flow into a chamber or great vessel.In many
Stat Bite: Top 5 Causes of Cancer Death in U.S. Women and Men
Authors: L. A. G. Ries
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1995)

Journal Article Stat Bite: Top 5 Causes of Cancer Death in U.S. Women and Men Get access Lynn A. G. Ries, M.S. Lynn A. G. Ries, M.S. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 87, Issue 14, 19 July 1995, Page 1048, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/87.14.1048 Published: 19 July 1995
Tonsillectomy—Trials and Tribulations
Authors: Terrrence S. Carden
Journal: JAMA (1978)

IF three quarters of a million young Americans were being subjected each year to a surgical procedure of doubtful benefit at a cost approaching $1 billion and untold cost in pain, suffering, and psychological trauma, the medical profession might expect a torrent of justifiable criticism. To many, this is an accurate description of the basis for controversy over tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy. There are zealots on both sides of the issue. Those who consider themselves purists would permit tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy only in cases of carcinoma of the tonsil, recurrent peritonsillar abscess, cor pulmonale due to upper-airway obstruction, and dysphagia and weight loss due to digestive tract obstruction. If these criteria were accepted and enforced, the number of procedures performed annually would be less than 1% of the current rate. At the other end of the spectrum are those physicians who are convinced that tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy are effective therapeutic and
Mannosylated solid lipid nanoparticles as vectors for site-specific delivery of an anti-cancer drug
Authors: Ashay Jain, Abhinav Agarwal, Saikat Majumder, Narendra Lariya, Anil Khaya, Himanshu Agrawal, Subrata Majumdar, Govind P. Agrawal
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)