tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Excessive use of psychiatric services by suicidal patients.
Authors: D J Pallis, A M Langley, J Birtchnell
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The use of psychiatric services by patients with a suicidal history was examined to see if they placed a greater long-term burden on these services than other types of patient. Suicidal patients spent significantly more days in hospital and made more outpatient attendances; suicide attemptors in particular not only needed more emergency consultations but also spent more days in hospital. A more economical yet more effective treatment policy for the suicidal patient is needed.
Cutaneous CpG Administration Reduces Th2-type Airway Inflammation But Induces Airway Hyperreactivity
Authors: R. Haapakoski, N. Fyhrquist-Vanni, T. Savinko, H. Wolff, K. Turjanmaa, T. Palosuo, T. Reunala, A. Lauerma, H. Alenius
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Production of Monospecific Rabbit Antihuman Eosinophil Serums and Demonstration of a Blocking Phenomenon
Authors: Adel A. F. Mahmoud, Robert W. Kellermeyer, Kenneth S. Warren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Eosinophilia is the hallmark of helminthic, allergic and some neoplastic conditions, but the role of the eosinophil remains largely unknown. To elucidate eosinophilic function specific antiserums were prepared with methods developed to produce monospecific antimouse eosinophil serum. Purified suspensions of eosinophils from a patient with Hodgkin's disease and another with leukemia when injected into rabbits resulted in antieosinophil serums containing high titers of agglutinating and cytotoxic antibodies to eosinophils. Both antiserums were monospecific for eosinophils, having no cross-reactivity with neutrophils. Serum from the eosinophil donor with Hodgkin's disease contained immunoglobulins that were cytotoxic to eosinophils and blocked the effect of the antiserum prepared from his own cells. Monospecific antihuman eosinophil serum may be useful to study pathologic states associated with eosinophilia. (N Engl J Med 290: 417–420, 1974)
Syphilis in the Elderly
Authors: Edward A. Luke
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I am writing in reference to the article, "The 'Terrible' Question," in which Dr Stanley Bierman<sup>1</sup>wrote about the difficulty of inquiring into the personal sexual history of an older person, and what we uncover when we do. Recently I had the occasion to assist in the care of a 92-year-old woman who was evaluated for severe dementia and was discovered to have a 4+ FTA-ABS result. Tertiary syphilis must always be considered in the evaluation of dementia. Although relatively rare today, this condition may not be so rare in the present elderly cohort, who may have contracted syphilis when much younger. This is not the first case of syphilis I have seen among elderly patients suffering from dementia. Dr Bierman's article stimulated our team to consider that we might be observing not tertiary syphilis, but rather a recent acute stage. We began to explore our
P1196 ADVERSE EFFECTS OF TRIPLE THERAPY WITH BOCEPREVIR (BOC) AND TELAPREVIR (TVR) IN CLINICAL PRACTICE IN PATIENTS WITH ADVANCED HEPATIC FIBROSIS
Authors: J. Salmerón, J. Pons, R. Quiles, J. Pascasio, I. Carmona, M. Simón, A. Gila, G. Sánchez Antolín, J. Sousa, M. Serra, M. Diago, M. Romero, C. Fernandez, J. Navarro, M. López, M. Testillano, R. Andrade, R. Granados, J. Sanchez Ruano, O. Gonzalez López, A. Ortega, F. Jimenez, M. Prieto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
1081-57 Randomized comparison between stent and balloon in diabetic with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary angioplasty: A substudy of the Zwolle-6 randomized trial
Authors: Giuseppe De Luca, Harry Suryapranata, Felix Zijlstra, Jan Paul Ottervanger, Arnoud W.J van't Hof, Jan-Henk E Dambrink, A.T.Marcel Gosselink, Jan C.A Hoorntje, Menko-Jan de Boer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Irradiation in Inoperable Cancer
Authors: Maus W. Stearns
Journal: JAMA (1975)

RADIOTHERAPY has been used for many years at Memorial Hospital in the treatment of patients with inoperable or recurrent colorectal carcinoma. It has proved most useful in the relief of pain caused by localized or metastatic cancer. It has been used to diminish the bleeding and irritating discharge from inoperable rectal tumors and recurrent perineal malignant ulcerations. It may, by slowing the growth of carcinoma, prevent or delay bowel or urinary obstruction. It has been employed regularly following unsuccessful attempts to resect primary or recurrent colorectal cancer, where residual cancer has had to be left behind. (These areas are usually marked with metal clips for the subsequent use of the radiotherapist in directing radiation.) <h3>Localized Cancer</h3> Radiation therapy is the single, most useful method of affording prompt, effective relief of pain from localized recurrent or inoperable cancer of the colon or rectum. This is particularly true in the patient with
ETHER ANAESTHESIA BY THE OPEN METHOD
Authors: F. A. Floyer
Journal: BMJ (1908)

The effect of the cytotoxic drug vinblastine on the development of immunity to high m.w. polysaccharide (PS) isolated from culture supernates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. One microgram of PS, a normally nonimmunogenic, nonprotective dose, plus 75 micrograms of vinblastine were administered to BALB/c mice, and afforded protection to live organism challenge with the homologous strain. The kinetics and serotype specificity of the immune response indicated an active immunization had occurred. Analyses of serum antibody levels of mice given the PS-drug regimen in a sensitive, radioactive antigen-binding assay (RABA) failed to show development of antibody to the immunizing PS. Immunity could be passively transferred with spleen cells but not by serum from PS-drug-immunized animals, and the effector cell was removed by antisera to the Thy-1.2 antigen. Nu/nu mice were also protected against challenge after immunization with PS and vinblastine, but this protection was observed in association with the development of serum antibody to PS in these mice, as measured in the RABA. Protective immunity could not be elicited in the BALB/c mice by PS plus cyclophosphamide. These data suggest that under certain conditions, PS antigens can elicit T cell-dependent immune phenomena, and this T cell-dependent immunity can protect mice from live organism challenge against an extracellular bacterial pathogen.
Alcohol and the Future of Native Americans-Reply
Authors: Carol Chiago Lujan
Journal: JAMA (1993)

ABSTRACT In Reply. —Dr Prager's response to my Editorial on hypothermia deaths and pedestrian motor vehicle accidents among American Indians in the Southwest highlights some important issues. He states that we need bold-thinking Native Americans [the preferred term is American Indians among many American Indians and American Indian scholars] who can deal with the root causes of alcoholism by finding ways to strengthen their own traditional and rich cultures while incorporating what they feel is the best of all American civilization. Prager may be interested to know that many tribes and tribal members have been doing this for years and continue to strengthen their culture through tribal sovereignty. In fact, the Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe where Prager briefly worked has been very aggressive in its efforts to gain greater control and regulation over the sale and distribution of alcohol.The Cheyenne River Indian Reservation demonstrates that the exercise of tribal sovereignty
A Common, High-Dimensional Model of the Representational Space in Human Ventral Temporal Cortex
Authors: James V. Haxby, J. Swaroop Guntupalli, Andrew C. Connolly, Yaroslav O. Halchenko, Bryan R. Conroy, M. Ida Gobbini, Michael Hanke, Peter J. Ramadge
Journal: Neuron (2011)
Weber—Christian syndrome in infancy
Authors: W. M. HENDRICKS, M. AHMAD, E. GRATZ
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1978)

A review of Weber–Christian syndrome in infancy is presented along with the report of two cases. Both infants had low serum properdin levels, and one patient showed remissions of his disease when he was T‐lymphocytopenic. This suggests that the T‐lymphocyte may have an important role in the pathogenesis of Weber–Christian syndrome.
Role of thromboxane derived from COX-1 and -2 in hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction during endotoxemia in mice
Authors: Hiroyuki Katagiri, Yoshiya Ito, Ken-ichiro Ishii, Izumi Hayashi, Makoto Suematsu, Shohei Yamashina, Takahiko Murata, Shuh Narumiya, Akira Kakita, Masataka Majima
Journal: Hepatology (2004)

Although thromboxanes (TXs), whose synthesis is regulated by cyclooxygenase (COX), have been suggested to promote inflammation in the liver, little is known about the role of TXA(2) in leukocyte endothelial interaction during endotoxemia. The present study was conducted to investigate the role of TXA(2) as well as that of COX in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction in male C57Bl/6 mice. We observed during in vivo fluorescence microscopic study that LPS caused significant accumulation of leukocytes adhering to the hepatic microvessels and non-perfused sinusoids. Levels of serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) also increased. LPS raised the TXB(2) level in the perfusate from isolated perfused liver. A TXA(2) synthase inhibitor, OKY-046, and a TXA(2) receptor antagonist, S-1452, reduced LPS-induced hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction by inhibiting TNF alpha production. OKY-046 suppressed the expression of an intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in an LPS-treated liver. In thromboxane prostanoid receptor-knockout mice, hepatic responses to LPS were minimized in comparison with those in their wild-type counterparts. In addition, a selective COX-1 inhibitor, SC-560, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, NS-398, and indomethacin significantly attenuated hepatic responses to LPS including microcirculatory dysfunction and release of ALT and TNF alpha. The effects of the COX inhibitors on hepatic responses to LPS exhibited results similar to those obtained with TXA(2) synthase inhibitor, and TXA(2) receptor antagonist. In conclusion, these results suggest that TXA(2) is involved in LPS-induced hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction partly through the release of TNF alpha, and that TXA(2) derived from COX-1 and COX-2 could be responsible for the microcirculatory dysfunction during endotoxemia.
Atlas of Hand Surgery
Authors: John G. Kuhns
Journal: JAMA (1965)

This book represents the condensed lifetime experience of the author on surgery of the hand. It is a compendium of what he has found satisfactory at the Maison de Nanterre, and he wisely refuses to describe what he has not found useful. Since it is translated from the French, one might expect to find awkward expressions and unclear phrases, but, happily, these do not occur. Each operation, illustrated by clear line drawings, is described as if the author were speaking and sketching the procedure on a blackboard. There are often references to original articles. The reader carries away a feeling of admiration for a superb and successful pedagogical effort. The atlas begins with a description of the pertinent anatomy. The stages in the surgical procedures are shown serially with tasteful drawings. The exposition is terse and clear, and covers all that is necessary for the average reader. The subject matter
Activation of Rap1 Promotes Prostate Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Candice L. Bailey, Patrick Kelly, Patrick J. Casey
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Elucidating the mechanisms of prostate cancer (CaP) survival and metastasis are critical to the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. The monomeric G protein Rap1 has been implicated in cancer tumorigenesis. Rap1 signals to pathways involved in cell adhesion, migration, and survival, suggesting Rap1 may promote several processes associated with cancer cell metastasis. Examination of CaP cell lines revealed cells with a high metastatic ability exhibited increased Rap1 activity and reduced expression of the negative regulator Rap1GAP. Rap1 can be further stimulated in these cells by stromal-derived factor (SDF-1), an agonist known to regulate tumor cell metastasis and tropism to bone. Activation of Rap1 increased CaP cell migration and invasion, and inhibition of Rap1A activity via RNAi-mediated knockdown or ectopic expression of Rap1GAP markedly impaired CaP cell migration and invasion. Additional studies implicate integrins alpha4, beta3, and alphavbeta3 in the mechanism of Rap1-mediated CaP migration and invasion. Extending the effect of Rap1 activity in CaP metastasis in vivo, introduction of activated Rap1 into CaP cells dramatically enhanced the rate and incidence of CaP metastasis in a xenograft mouse model. These studies provide compelling evidence to support a role for aberrant Rap1 activation in CaP progression, and suggest that targeting Rap1 signaling could provide a means to control metastatic progression of this cancer.
Analysis of serum granulysin in patients with hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation: Its usefulness as a marker of graft‐versus‐host reaction
Authors: Masayuki Nagasawa, Takeshi Isoda, Sukeyuki Itoh, Michiko Kajiwara, Tomohiro Morio, Norio Shimizu, Kazuyuki Ogawa, Kinya Nagata, Masataka Nakamura, Shuki Mizutani
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Abstract Granulysin is a newly identified CTL/NK cell‐related cytotoxic protein, which is secreted in both constitutive and Ca‐dependent manner. To evaluate its significance in stem‐cell transplantation (SCT), serum granulysin was measured by newly established ELISA method in 26 patients undergoing SCT (21 allogeneic and 5 autologous). In the allogeneic SCT, granulysin was transiently increased in 3 weeks, which was not observed in autologous SCT. In acute GVHD, serum granulysin was markedly increased and correlated with the severity of GVHD. Elevation of granulysin was not necessarily associated with increase of sIL2R or IFN‐γ. In vitro, allospecific T cells released granulysin in an allo‐specific manner, and it was correlated with allo‐specific cytotoxic activity. These results indicate that increased release of granulysin presents alloreactivity and serum granulysin is useful as a marker of GVHD in SCT. Am. J. Hematol. 81:340–348, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical Trials in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: An Update
Authors: Ying-Chun Shen, Zhong-Zhe Lin, Chih-Hung Hsu, Chiun Hsu, Yu-Yun Shao, Ann-Lii Cheng
Journal: Liver Cancer (2013)

The success of sorafenib has spurred an explosive increase of clinical trials testing novel molecular targets and other agents in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The paradigm of the studies has been characterized by three noticeable changes. First, the molecular targets of interest have expanded from angiogenesis to cancer cell-directed oncogenic signaling pathways for advanced HCC treatment. Agents targeting EGFR, FGFR, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, TGF-β, c-Met, MEK, IGF signaling, and histone deacetylase have been actively explored. Second, the target indication has shifted from advanced stage to early or intermediate stages of disease. The feasibility of combining locoregional therapies and targeted agents, and the use of novel agents after curative treatments are currently under active investigation. Finally, the therapeutic strategy has shifted from monotherapy to combination targeted therapy. We aim to provide a comprehensive overview of newly disclosed and ongoing clinical trials for the treatment of HCC.
Reversible Calcinosis Cutis
Authors: Eugene Eisenberg, Paul V. Bartholow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

REPORTS of metastatic calcification in the skin are uncommon, even though it was described by Jadassohn1 as long ago as 1910. Metastatic calcification is seen in diseases associated with chronically elevated blood calcium and phosphorus levels. In contrast, dystrophic calcification occurs in diseases associated with local tissue injury, in which serum calcium and phosphorus levels remain normal.2 Recently, Selye3 described an experimental form of soft-tissue calcification called "calciphylaxis." This form of calcification occurred in rats when acute calcium mobilization, which of itself would not induce metastatic calcification, was followed by an injury or challenge, which also of itself would not . . .
N-13 ammonia as an indicator of myocardial blood flow.
Authors: H R Schelbert, M E Phelps, S C Huang, N S MacDonald, H Hansen, C Selin, D E Kuhl
Journal: Circulation (1981)

We have characterized N-13 ammonia as a myocardial blood flow imaging agent suitable for positron-emission computed tomography.However, the mechanisms of uptake and retention of this agent in myocardium are not known, and effects of altered metabolism were not considered.Therefore, we studied the uptake and retention of N-13 ammonia in myocardium under various hemodynamic and metabolic conditions in open-chest dogs.N-13 ammonia was extracted nearly 100% during its initial capillary transit, followed by metabolic trapping that competed with flow-dependent back diffusion.At control flows, the first capillary tran- sit extraction fraction (E) of N-13 ammonia averaged 0.82 ± 0.06.It fell with higher flows by E = 1 -0.607 exp -125/F.Myocardial N-13 tissue clearance half-times were similarly inversely related to blood flow, and ranged from 110-642 minutes.Cardiac work and changes in the myocardial inotropic state induced by isopro- terenol and propranolol did not affect E or the tissue clearance half-times.Low plasma pH reduced E by an average of 20%, while elevated plasma pH had no effect.Decreases in flow below control also were associated with a fall in E. Inhibition of glutamine synthetase with L-methionine sulfoximine impaired metabolic trapping of N-13 ammonia and implicates the glutamic acid-glutamine reaction as the primary mechanism for ammonia fixation.The product of E times flow predicts the myocardial N-13 tissue concentrations, which increased by 70% when flow was doubled.Thus, blood flow and metabolic trapping are the primary determinants of myocar- dial uptake and retention of N-13 ammonia.The relative constancy of metabolic trapping over a wide range of hemodynamic and metabolic conditions demonstrates the value of N-13 ammonia as a myocardial blood flow imaging agent.N-13 AMMONIA* has been characterized as an in- dicator for the noninvasive visualization of regional myocardial perfusion by positron computed tomography (PCT).' Use of N-13 ammonia has also per- mitted noninvasive detection of mild, 47% diameter coronary stenosis in the intact dog.2Because fixation of N-13 ammonia in myocardium occurs through metabolic pathways, alterations in both the hemodynamic and metabolic state of the heart could modify the uptake of N-13 ammonia, and hence, limit its value as a flow indicator.In blood, N- 13 (NH3) ammonia exists primarily in its ionic species, NH4+, the ammonium ion, which apparently can sub- stitute for K+ on the sodium-potassium transmem- braneous exchange system in red blood cells.3It thus may be actively transported into myocardium.On the other hand, NH3 can diffuse across cell membranes because of its lipid solubility and is rapidly replenished by conversion of NH4+ to NH3 as it leaves the vascular space.4"5Transmembrane exchange therefore may occur through an active transport mechanism or *The term ammonia is used to refer to the chemical equilibrium of NH3 NH4+ in which the prominent form is NH4+.
HEMODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF PHOSHODIESTERASE-5 INHIBITOR IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE: ASSESSMENT BY ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY
Authors: Daisuke Morisawa, Shinichi Hirotani, Eri Manabe, Masataka Sugahara, Miho Fukui, Tomotaka Ando, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Phenomapping for Novel Classification of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Sanjiv J. Shah, Daniel H. Katz, Senthil Selvaraj, Michael A. Burke, Clyde W. Yancy, Mihai Gheorghiade, Robert O. Bonow, Chiang-Ching Huang, Rahul C. Deo
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a heterogeneous clinical syndrome in need of improved phenotypic classification. We sought to evaluate whether unbiased clustering analysis using dense phenotypic data (phenomapping) could identify phenotypically distinct HFpEF categories. Methods and Results— We prospectively studied 397 patients with HFpEF and performed detailed clinical, laboratory, ECG, and echocardiographic phenotyping of the study participants. We used several statistical learning algorithms, including unbiased hierarchical cluster analysis of phenotypic data (67 continuous variables) and penalized model-based clustering, to define and characterize mutually exclusive groups making up a novel classification of HFpEF. All phenomapping analyses were performed by investigators blinded to clinical outcomes, and Cox regression was used to demonstrate the clinical validity of phenomapping. The mean age was 65±12 years; 62% were female; 39% were black; and comorbidities were common. Although all patients met published criteria for the diagnosis of HFpEF, phenomapping analysis classified study participants into 3 distinct groups that differed markedly in clinical characteristics, cardiac structure/function, invasive hemodynamics, and outcomes (eg, phenogroup 3 had an increased risk of HF hospitalization [hazard ratio, 4.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.0–9.1] even after adjustment for traditional risk factors [ P &lt;0.001]). The HFpEF phenogroup classification, including its ability to stratify risk, was successfully replicated in a prospective validation cohort (n=107). Conclusions— Phenomapping results in a novel classification of HFpEF. Statistical learning algorithms applied to dense phenotypic data may allow improved classification of heterogeneous clinical syndromes, with the ultimate goal of defining therapeutically homogeneous patient subclasses.
Bortezomib action in multiple myeloma: microRNA-mediated synergy (and miR-27a/CDK5 driven sensitivity)?
Authors: E Ballabio, M Armesto, C E Breeze, L Manterola, M Arestin, D Tramonti, C S R Hatton, C H Lawrie
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2012)

Bortezomib action in multiple myeloma: microRNA-mediated synergy (and  miR-27a /CDK5 driven sensitivity)?
Serum Lipoproteins in Patients with Intermittent Claudication and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: P. J. NESTEL
Journal: Circulation (1960)

The serum beta/alpha lipid ratios were estimated by electrophoresis in 4 groups of people. These comprised 44 male patients with intermittent claudication; 61 men who were matched for age with the previous group and who were clinically free of cardiovascular disease; 30 male patients who had recently had a myocardial infarction; and a further group of 30 male controls whose physical activity was limited by factors other than disease. The highest mean serum beta/alpha lipid ratio was found among the patients with intermittent claudication and was very significantly higher than the ratios found among the other 3 groups. The difference in the ratios between the patients with myocardial infarction and the 2 control groups was not significant. These differences and in particular the difference in the ratios between the patients with myocardial infarction and intermittent claudication are discussed.
Oil and Water
Authors: Elizabeth T.H. Fontham, Edward Trapido
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

This fall, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) will launch a multi year epidemiologic study to investigate effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on human health.The project, led by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, will track the health status of workers and volunteers who contributed to oil spill cleanup, focusing on potential effects of exposure to oil and dispersants.