tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Magnetofection—A highly efficient tool for antisense oligonucleotide delivery in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Florian Krötz, Cor de Wit, Hae-Young Sohn, Stefan Zahler, Torsten Gloe, Ulrich Pohl, Christian Plank
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2003)

Delivery of antisense oligodesoxynucleotides (ODN) into primary cells is a specific strategy for research with therapeutic perspectives but transfection-associated difficulties. We established the technique of magnetofection to enhance ODN delivery at low toxicity and procedure time in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, target knockout was assessed at protein and mRNA levels and by measuring superoxide generation after antisense magnetofection against the p22phox subunit of endothelial NAD(P)H-oxidase. Under magnetic field guidance, low-dose magnetic particle-bound ODN were transfected to 84% human umbilical vein endothelial cells within 15 min followed by nuclear accumulation within 2 h, which required 24 h using standard methods. Antisense magnetofection against p22phox significantly decreased basal and prevented stimulated superoxide release due to loss of NAD(P)H-oxidase activity by mRNA knockout as assessed after 24 h. Knockout of endothelial phosphatase SHP-1 and connexin 37 proteins confirmed the method's efficiency. Transfection-associated toxicity was minimal. Twenty-four hours after injection of fluorescence-labeled ODN into femoral arteries of male mice, there was specific ODN uptake only into cremaster vessels exposed to magnetic fields during injection. Magnetofection is an ideal tool for delivery of functionally active ODN to difficult-to-transfect cells to study gene/protein function and a promising strategy for targeted ODN delivery in vivo.
Does the Therapeutic Relationship Predict Outcomes of Psychiatric Treatment in Patients with Psychosis? A Systematic Review
Authors: Stefan Priebe, Michelle Richardson, Maire Cooney, Oluwatoyin Adedeji, Rosemarie McCabe
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Numerous studies have shown that the quality of the therapeutic relationship (TR) between the patient and the clinician is an important predictor of the outcome of different forms of psychotherapy. It is less clear whether the TR also predicts outcomes of psychiatric treatment programmes in patients with psychosis (i.e. outside conventional psychotherapy). &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; We conducted a systematic review and identified 9 primary studies that prospectively tested the association of the TR with 3 outcomes, i.e. hospitalisation, symptom levels and functioning. Because of the heterogeneity of the methods used, a meta-analysis was not feasible. A vote counting method was used to determine the number of statistically significant effects in the hypothesised direction (i.e. that a more positive TR predicts more favourable outcomes). &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; For each outcome, a χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; analysis showed that the number of statistically significant findings in the hypothesised direction was greater than expected if the null hypothesis of no association were true. However, studies had methodological shortcomings, and the effect sizes of positive associations were rather small. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; It may be concluded that there is some, but not overwhelming, evidence that the TR predicts outcomes of complex psychiatric treatment programmes in patients with psychosis, and that methodologically more rigorous research is required. Such research should measure the TR at initial stages of treatment and use validated assessment instruments for both TR and outcomes.
PHYSICAL DIAGNOSIS SERIES—DISORDERS OF MOTILITY
Authors: Abraham M. Ornsteen
Journal: JAMA (1961)

A complete series of neurological gait disorders, and many associated defects, are presented in this film. Patients with ataxias, tumors, C.N.S. vascular disease, muscular dystrophies, choreas, peripheral neuropathies, Parkinsonism, and multiple sclerosis are shown.
Change from Specialist to Generalist
Authors: Nicholas A. Christakis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 April 1995Change from Specialist to GeneralistNicholas A. Christakis, MD, MPH, MA, Jerry A. Jacobs, PhD, and Carla M. Messikomer, PhDNicholas A. Christakis, MD, MPH, MASearch for more papers by this author, Jerry A. Jacobs, PhDSearch for more papers by this author, and Carla M. Messikomer, PhDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-8-199504150-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We thank Dr. De Long for providing us with the opportunity to state our conviction—in agreement with him—that the difference between “generalists” and “specialists,” which is based on the nature of the medical care provided to patients, should not also imply a difference in the status of the physician. We do not make a status distinction between generalists and specialists; rather, we suggest how we might augment the number of generalists who are currently considered, in many quarters, to be preferable to specialists. Indeed, because one of the principal findings of our study was that more physicians abandon ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 April 1995Volume 122, Issue 8Page: 636KeywordsFallsPatients Issue Published: 15 April 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
103 The effect of hematopoietic growth factors on survival in a novel surgical small for size liver remnant mouse model
Authors: G. Beldi, A. Keogh, S. Bisch-Knaden, E. Ayuni, P. Studer, B. Gloor, D. Stroka, D. Candinas, D. Inderbitzin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
Stricture of the Colon
Authors: J. Fayrer
Journal: BMJ (1882)

7IL7 QITI5f.C4 Qf?4A 14331 was only slight during the two days in which the bromide of potassium was continued.On thsd trtid 'day after 'adtnission, the patient com- plained of pain in the' eft'-*rist anc4 sliulder, and right knee, which
Circadian variation in attempted suicide by deliberate self poisoning
Authors: R Manfredini, M Gallerani, S Caracciolo, A Tomelli, G Calo, C Fersini
Journal: BMJ (1994)

term mental illness and community disruption.4The general health questionnaire detects psychiatric disorders in community settings.'Of those exposed, 24% scored above the level at which a subject could be considered a case compared with 3% of controls.This was not related to potential level of exposure and may be in response to strains on the fabric of this community.The results of this phase of the study were presented to the people of the South Mainland of Shetland at a public meeting held on 13 September 1993.We thank the staff of the department of laboratory services, Gilbert Bain Hospital, Lerwick.
Aneurysms of the Previously Ligated Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: RICHARD S. ROSS, FREDERICK P. FEDER, FRANK C. SPENCER
Journal: Circulation (1961)

Five cases of postoperative aneurysm of the ductus arteriosus are presented and discussed, together with 12 from the literature. The ductus had become recanalized in all 17 patients. Infection was present in 11, having existed preoperatively in only two of these cases. The evidence suggests that contamination at the time of surgery was responsible for the infection in at least seven cases.
SEVERE HAEMORRHAGE FROM THE RUPTURE OF A CORPUS LUTEUM CYST
Authors: D. Levi
Journal: BMJ (1929)

TRAUMATIC.FAT NECROS[S in fat remiioved( from the femoral canal., and in the sub- cutaniconis fat in different situations in the body as w-ell as in the breast.In a paper oln xanllthemla and xanthosis8 lhe writes:" Wlheni adipose tissue is involved in a subacute inflammatory process ift is niot ulncommon for aggregations of lar-ge, foamy enidothelial cells to miake their appearanuce in the interstices of the tis-ucw betweeni the oil droplets.Like foamy cells elsewhere, they a e iilled with cholesterin fat, anid often they nlay be seen goilng onl lo the formation of foamy giant cells.Rarely pure cliolesterini crystallizes out, and a remarkable h-istological picture results, in wlhich foamy cells, gianit cells, cholesterin clefts, anid foci of niecrosis are mixed up together.Similar chianiges may be met witlh ini the quieter forms of fat necrosis."That thlis condition-is not so unicommoni as sulp)pose5d is also evidenced by a table published by Lee and Adailr2 in tlle article already referred to.Dutrinig the perio(d in which tlheir five cases of fat necrosis occuL lrred they fouintd that, comnl)are(l Nitls primary breast cancer, the ilncidene was 1.8 pei cont., with ol)erable cases of breast cancer 4.2 per cent., ajid compared with benlign lesions the inici(lence was 7 per: cenit.
FDA warns about using antipsychotic drugs for dementia
Authors: Jeanne Lenzer
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The US Food and Drug Administration issued a public health advisory warning of fatal adverse events in demented patients treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. Seventeen controlled studies of elderly demented patients have shown that patients treated with the drugs were 1.6 to 1.7 times more likely to die than patients given placebo. The causes of death included congestive heartfailure, sudden death, and infections, such as pneumonia.

The FDA asked manufacturers to place a “black box” warning on drug labels—indicating an adverse reaction that may result in death or serious injury—noting the increased death rates and that “these drugs are not approved for the treatment of behavioural symptoms in elderly patients with dementia.”

The drugs affected include aripiprazole (Abilify), olanzapine (Zyprexa), quetiapine (Seroquel), risperidone (Risperdal), clozapine (Clozaril), and ziprasidone (Geodon). A drug used for depression associated with bipolar disorder, olanzapine …
First Trimester Placental Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4) and Pregnancy-Associated Placental Protein A (PAPP-A) in the Prediction of Early-Onset Severe Pre-Eclampsia
Authors: Anna Yliniemi, Mona-Marika Nurkkala, Sanni Kopman, Teemu Korpimaki, Heikki Kouru, Markku Ryynanen, Jaana Marttala
Journal: Metabolism (2014)
Proof of principle for transfusion of in vitro–generated red blood cells
Authors: Marie-Catherine Giarratana, Hélène Rouard, Agnès Dumont, Laurent Kiger, Innocent Safeukui, Pierre-Yves Le Pennec, Sabine François, Germain Trugnan, Thierry Peyrard, Tiffany Marie, Séverine Jolly, Nicolas Hebert, Christelle Mazurier, Nathalie Mario, Laurence Harmand, Hélène Lapillonne, Jean-Yves Devaux, Luc Douay
Journal: Blood (2011)
Major changes in practice and interpreting data from the past
Authors: F. Sanfilippo, C. Santonocito, P. Foex
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Quint and colleagues recently published the results of their investigation into the role of β blockers in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) having a first myocardial infarction.1 They obtained data from the UK national registry of myocardial infarction between 2003 and 2008. The primary outcome of all …
NICE confirms its role in new NHS after government U turn
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A month after the government backtracked on its plans to downgrade the role of the UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), its chief executive has emphasised the value of the organisation.

Speaking at a Science Media Centre meeting to discuss the future work of NICE, Andrew Dillon sent out a clear message about the role of his organisation. “We want to make it very clear that we feel very strongly about the value of what we do,” he said.

In June the government made a U turn on its decision to give clinical commissioning groups (previously called commissioning consortiums) the power to decide which drugs would be …
Release, biological potency, and biochemical integrity of recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (rhPDGF-BB) combined with AugmentTM Bone Graft or GEM 21S beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP)
Authors: C.S. Young, P.A. Ladd, C.F. Browning, A. Thompson, J. Bonomo, K. Shockley, C.E. Hart
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2009)
Spinal Cord Metastases From Lung Cancer
Authors: Nghi C. Nguyen, Mohamed M. Sayed, Khalid Taalab, Medhat M. Osman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Preoperative F-18 FDG PET/CT study in this 57-year-old woman showed an FDG avid lesion in the left upper lung without evidence of lymphadenopathy or distant metastasis. She underwent a left upper lobectomy in June 2005 revealing moderately poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (pT3N0M0) and subsequent chemotherapy completed December 2005. Nine months later, a left parietal lobe metastatic lesion was surgically resected. A true whole body FDG PET/CT study in November 2006 for restaging demonstrated new FDG avid spinal cord foci, which were highly suspicious for spinal cord metastases; these lesions were confirmed by MRI. Clinically, the patient recently developed back pain without evidence of neurologic deficits.
Relation between recurrence of cancer and blood transfusion.
Authors: L E Moffat, G T Sunderland
Journal: BMJ (1985)

<h3></h3> <b>Background:</b> Meningitis caused by <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> is associated with devastating clinical outcomes. A considerable number of patients will develop long-term neurologic complications. Hearing loss, diffuse brain edema, and hydrocephalus are frequently encountered. Acute spinal cord dysfunction and polyradiculopathy can develop in some patients. <b>Case Report:</b> A 63-year-old female was admitted to our hospital with sudden-onset bilateral lower extremity weakness. On admission, the patient had evidence of spinal cord dysfunction given the abnormal motor and sensory physical examination findings and the absent sensation with a sensory level at dermatome T4 on neurologic examination. Computed tomography myelography did not show evidence of spinal cord compression or transverse myelitis. Cerebrospinal fluid examination was positive for pneumococcal meningitis. The patient was treated with antibiotics and steroids. Nerve conduction studies demonstrated the absence of response, suggesting damage to the peripheral nerves and polyradiculopathy. The patient was treated with plasmapheresis for possible Guillain-Barré syndrome; however, she did not improve despite appropriate antibiotics, steroids, and plasmapheresis. She developed persistent quadriparesis, sensory impairments in upper and lower extremities, and bowel and bladder sphincter dysfunction. <b>Conclusion:</b> Our case demonstrates the development of spinal cord dysfunction (supported by the sudden onset of paraplegia and the presence of a sensory level) and polyradiculopathy (flaccid paralysis, ascending weakness, and absence of response in neurophysiologic studies suggesting severe damage to the peripheral nerves). The appearance of either complication is unusual, and the simultaneous occurrence of both complications is even more uncommon.
A Controlled Study of the Prophylactic Portacaval Shunt
Authors: ROBERT H. RESNICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

Ninety-three patients with cirrhosis and esophageal varices participated in a controlled prospective investigation of the prophylactic portacaval shunt procedure for the prevention of bleeding varices. Surgery sharply reduced the risk of esophageal bleeding but failed to improve longevity. Shunted patients have a greater prevalence of hepatocellular failure and are significantly more likely to develop hepatic encephalopathy. Abstinence from alcohol had a beneficial effect in preventing bleeding varices and ascites in unshunted patients but did not significantly improve mortality; continued drinking among surgical patients did not alter any of these variables. Attempts to estimate survival or to delineate clinical factors at selection leading to variceal hemorrhage were unsuccessful. In the management of cirrhosis of the alcoholic in lower socioeconomic groups the prophylactic portacaval shunt should be abandoned.
GENERAL ANALGESIA BY ORAL ADMINISTRATION
Authors: JAMES T. GWATHMEY
Journal: JAMA (1918)

This report is in the nature of a preliminary communication based on animal experiments and a sufficient number of clinical cases to support the conclusions of the animal work. It will be seen that general analgesia in which there is loss of sensation, with or without loss of consciousness, can be established for otherwise painful dressings and for short operations. The desirability of such a procedure becomes apparent immediately on entering a military hospital, and it has also a definite place in civil surgery. Many war wounds are accompanied by fractures of bones, and the importance of keeping such patients quiet is universally recognized. If the dressing of such a wound is accompanied by severe pain, it is customary at this base to produce nitrous oxid-oxygen or light ether anesthesia for at least the first few dressings, necessitating in most cases, because of limitation of apparatus, removal of the patient
Endothelin-1 Alters the Contractile Phenotype of Cultured Embryonic Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Steven A. Fisher, Mitsuo Ikebe, Frank Brozovich
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Abstract Smooth muscle tissues may be classified into phasic (fast) or tonic (slow) contractile phenotypes. This study was initiated to examine the specification of these phenotypes during development and the role of growth factors in this process. We used myosin light chain 17 (MLC 17 ) and myosin heavy chain transcript splice variants as markers of the tonic (aortic) and phasic (intestinal) smooth muscle phenotypes in chick embryos. By reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction, we determined embryonic days 6 to 16 to be a critical period for the establishment of these phenotypes. During this period, endothelin-1 is present at 40-fold-higher levels in aortic compared with intestinal tissues. To test the hypothesis that endothelin-1 may be involved in establishing the aortic (tonic) phenotype, we developed a system in which embryonic smooth muscle cells exhibit phasic and tonic contractile properties in vitro. Single-cell force measurements showed that cultured embryonic gizzard (phasic) cells developed force more rapidly (8±2 seconds) and achieved greater force (3.0±0.7 μN) than did cultured embryonic aortic (tonic) cells (20±0.7 seconds, 0.76±0.01 μN; P &lt;.05) in response to depolarization. Chronic exposure of the phasic (gizzard) cells to endothelin-1 prolonged the time to peak force (24±3 seconds) and reduced the peak force (1.0±0.1 μN), so that the contraction resembled the tonic type. This effect, mediated by the endothelin-A receptor, was associated with a shift in MLC 17 splicing to the tonic pattern. These results demonstrate that endothelin-1 is highly enriched in developing aortic compared with intestinal tissues and can convert phasic smooth muscle cells to the tonic type in vitro, suggesting a role for this growth factor during development in determining the contractile phenotype of smooth muscle cells.
Capnographic monitoring of propofol-based sedation during colonoscopy
Authors: Mireen Friedrich-Rust, Maria Welte, Carmen Welte, Joerg Albert, Yvonne Meckbach, Eva Herrmann, Matthias Kannengiesser, Joerg Trojan, Natalie Filmann, Hartmut Schroeter, Stefan Zeuzem, Joerg Bojunga
Journal: Endoscopy (2013)

Capnography enables the measurement of end-tidal CO2 and thereby the early detection of apnea, prompting immediate intervention to restore ventilation. Studies have shown that capnographic monitoring is associated with a reduction of hypoxemia during sedation for endoscopy and early detection of apnea during sedation for colonoscopy. The primary aim of this prospective randomized study was to evaluate whether capnographic monitoring without tracheal intubation reduces hypoxemia during propofol-based sedation in patients undergoing colonoscopy.A total of 533 patients presenting for colonoscopy at two study sites were randomized to either standard monitoring (n = 266) or to standard monitoring with capnography (n = 267). The incidence of hypoxemia (SO2 < 90 %) and severe hypoxemia (SO2 < 85 %) were compared between the groups. Furthermore, risk factors for hypoxemia were evaluated, and sedation performed by anesthesiologists was compared with nurse-administered propofol sedation (NAPS) or endoscopist-directed sedation (EDS).The incidence of hypoxemia was significantly lower in patients with capnography monitoring compared with those receiving standard monitoring (18 % vs. 32 %; P = 0.00091). Independent risk factors for hypoxemia were age (P = 0.00015), high body mass index (P = 0.0044), history of sleep apnea (P = 0.025), standard monitoring group (P = 0.000069), total dose of propofol (P = 0.031), and dose of ketamine (P < 0.000001). Patients receiving anesthesiologist-administered sedation developed hypoxemic events more often than those receiving NAPS or EDS. In patients with anesthesiologist-administered sedation, sedation was deeper, a combination of sedative medication (propofol, midazolam and/or ketamine) was administered significantly more often, and sedative doses were significantly higher compared with patients receiving NAPS or EDS. In patients undergoing colonoscopy during propofol-based sedation capnography monitoring with a simple and inexpensive device reduced the incidence of hypoxemia.
Treatment of severe platelet dysfunction and hemorrhage after cardiopulmonary bypass: Reduction in blood product usage with desmopressin
Authors: Lawrence S.C. Czer, Timothy M. Bateman, Richard J. Gray, Marjorie Raymond, Morgan E. Stewart, Stephen Lee, Dennis Goldfinger, Aurelio Chaux, Jack M. Matloff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Incidental Detection of Granulomatous Prostatitis by F-18 FDG PET/CT in a Patient with Bladder Cancer
Authors: Seyfettin Ilgan, Gokhan Koca, Sadi Gundogdu
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2009)

A 62-year-old man with transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder had undergone transurethral resection and adjuvant treatment with several intravesical instillations of bacillus Calmette-Guerin 10 months earlier. The patient was referred for F-18 FDG PET/CT after detection of mediastinal lymphadenopathy on follow-up CT. Beside moderately increased FDG uptake in bilateral hilar and bronchopulmonary lymph nodes, focally intense FDG uptake was detected in the right lobe of the prostate. Histopathologic evaluation revealed granulomatous prostatitis which is a recognized rare complication of intravesical instillation of BCG during the treatment of superficial bladder cancer.
An evaluation of a bioelectrical impedance analyser for the estimation of body fat content.
Authors: R J Maughan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1993)

Measurement of body composition is an important part of any assessment of health or fitness. Hydrostatic weighing is generally accepted as the most reliable method for the measurement of body fat content, but is inconvenient. Electrical impedance analysers have recently been proposed as an alternative to the measurement of skinfold thickness. Both these latter methods are convenient, but give values based on estimates obtained from population studies. This study compared values of body fat content obtained by hydrostatic weighing, skinfold thickness measurement and electrical impedance on 50 (28 women, 22 men) healthy volunteers. Mean(s.e.m.) values obtained by the three methods were: hydrostatic weighing, 20.5(1.2)%; skinfold thickness, 21.8(1.0)%; impedance, 20.8(0.9)%. The results indicate that the correlation between the skinfold method and hydrostatic weighing (0.931) is somewhat higher than that between the impedance method and hydrostatic weighing (0.830). This is, perhaps, not surprising given the fact that the impedance method is based on an estimate of total body water which is then used to calculate body fat content. The skinfold method gives an estimate of body density, and the assumptions involved in the conversion from body density to body fat content are the same for both methods.