tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Detection and localization of coronary artery disease with body surface mapping in patients with normal electrocardiograms.
Authors: L S Green, R L Lux, C W Haws
Journal: Circulation (1987)

Patients with clinically significant coronary artery disease often have normal resting electrocardiograms. Clinical and experimental studies have shown that body surface potential maps provide improved recognition of some disease states and more regionally selective information than standard electrocardiograms. Body surface maps were recorded at rest from 41 symptomatic patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease and normal electrocardiograms. Patient maps were statistically compared with maps recorded from 644 normal subjects with the use of previously reported data representation technique. By this technique, maps from patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and normal electrocardiograms were separated from maps of normal subjects with a sensitivity and specificity greater than 94%. The majority of discriminating information was present in the QRS interval. Fifteen of the 41 symptomatic patients had documented single-vessel coronary disease and their maps were separately compared with normal maps. Average maps from each of three patient groups with single-vessel disease contained abnormal patterns during the QRS interval that were unique to the vessel affected. In comparison with a average map from normal subjects, the average map from the group with left anterior descending coronary disease showed lower potentials over the anterior and inferolateral thorax during the early to mid QRS interval, the average map from the circumflex disease group showed decreased potentials around the entire inferior thorax in the mid to late QRS interval, and the average map from the right coronary disease group showed decreased potentials over the right anterior thorax during the mid to late QRS interval.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
238 ANTIHCV TREATMENT OUTCOME IN DRUG USERS IS ASSOCIATED WITH BUPRENORFINE USE AND ADHERENCE TO TREATMENT
Authors: O. Anagnostou, E. Tsirogianni, I. Goulis, A. Moursellas, S. Kollia, E. Petroulaki, D. Dimitroulopoulos, K. Micha, S. Manolakopoulos
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Pneumocystis carinii inhibits cyclin-dependent kinase activity in lung epithelial cells.
Authors: A H Limper, M Edens, R A Anders, E B Leof
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

Pneumocystis carinii remains an important cause of pneumonia in patients with AIDS. Attachment of the organism to epithelial cells is a central event in establishing infection, impairing the growth potential of lung epithelial cells and thereby slowing repair. In light of investigations documenting a central role for cyclin-dependent kinases in controlling the cell cycle, we addressed the hypothesis that P. carinii inhibits epithelial cell growth by interfering with host epithelial cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) activity. We observed that P. carinii significantly impaired growth of cultured mink lung epithelial cells, with effects observed after 48-72 h of treatment. However, the kinase activity associated with p34cdc2 or p33cdk2 was maximally inhibited as early as 24 h after P. carinii exposure. The inhibitory effect on cyclin-dependent kinase activity was mediated by the trophozoite form of P. carinii, in that highly purified trophozoites exerted marked inhibition of p34cdc2 activity. Growth impairment was similarly preceded by P. carinii-induced alteration in the state of epithelial cell p34cdc2 phosphorylation, with no change in p34cdc2 or p33cdk2 protein levels. These data strongly suggest that the antiproliferative activity of P. carinii on respiratory epithelium is mediated in part through modulation of the host cell cycle machinery.
Stress Fracture of the Spinous Process
Authors: John R. Venable, Raymond E. Flake, Duane J. Kilian
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Twenty-eight fractures of the spinous processes of the lower and upper thoracic vertebrae were found in 24 patients. All were engaged in an occupation known as metal dipping. This type of work places repetitive stress on the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae which may result in a fracture in certain susceptible individuals. A presumptive diagnosis can be made on the history and physical examination. The diagnosis is confirmed by x-ray, and special techniques are necessary to visualize the fracture. Ten patients were treated surgically with excision of the avulsed fragment. Fourteen patients were treated conservatively. Diagnosis of this fracture may be overlooked due to the difficulty in demonstrating it roentgenologically.
Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis
Authors: Ezra Deutsch
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To determine the morbidity and mortality of cardiac catheterization and coronary artery bypass surgery in patients on chronic hemodialysis. Design: Retrospective case-control study. Setting: A referral-based university hospital. Patients: Sixteen consecutive patients on chronic hemodialysis who had catheterization and bypass surgery; 30 controls matched for age, sex, year of operation, severity of coronary disease, left ventricular function, hypertension, diabetes, and urgency of surgery; and 34 consecutive controls having bypass surgery. Measurements and Main Results: No major complications of catheterization occurred. Of 16 patients on dialysis, 7 had urgent surgery within 24 hours of catheterization. One patient on dialysis and 3 consecutive controls died, but none of the matched controls died. Postoperative morbidity was increased in the hemodialysis group as measured by the duration of mechanical ventilation (4.7 ± 2.3 compared with 1.5 ± 0.8 days in matched controls [mean ± SE]), the duration of hemodynamic support (4.2 ± 2.3 compared with 0.8 ± 0.2 days), the length of stay in the intensive care unit (6.4 ± 2.4 compared with 2.8 ± 0.9 days), and the length of postoperative stay in the hospital (15.4 ± 2.1 compared with 10.8 ± 1.1 days) (all P < 0.05). Four intraoperative myocardial infarctions occurred in patients on dialysis compared with two patients in the case-matched controls. Differences in morbidity between the two control groups were not significant. Conclusions: Morbidity is increased in patients on hemodialysis having coronary artery bypass surgery compared with controls matched for severity of coronary disease; however, the outcome in all but one patient on dialysis was good. Bypass surgery is an acceptable treatment for patients on dialysis with advanced coronary artery disease. Because urgent surgery is often needed in these patients, earlier evaluation of the need for revascularization may improve clinical results.
ECMO Centers and Mortality From Influenza A(H1N1)—Reply
Authors: Giles J. Peek, Kathryn M. Rowan
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Acute Leukemia Following Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in a Patient With Ovarian Cancer
Authors: E. REED, M. K. EVANS
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Acute Leukemia Following Cisplatin-Based Chemotherapy in a Patient With Ovarian Cancer Get access EDDIE REED, EDDIE REED Medicine Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bldg10 Rm. 12N226 Bethesda, MD 20892 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MICHELE K. EVANS MICHELE K. EVANS Medicine Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bldg10 Rm. 12N226 Bethesda, MD 20892 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 5, 7 March 1990, Pages 431–432, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.5.431 Published: 07 March 1990
Common Components in Pollen Extracts
Authors: Asger Dirksen, Ole ØSterballe
Journal: Allergy (1980)

In order to evaluate the clinical relevance of testing with various pollen extracts in a multi‐center investigation from Denmark, 5,052 patients were skin prick tested with the anamnestically relevant extract from a battery of 48. With the aid of a computer program comparing the extracts, two by two calculations were made over the percentage of patients reacting against allergens present in both extracts. Pollen extracts which frequently produce reaction were divided into three separate groups (tree pollen, grass pollen and herb pollen) within which common allergens were so dominant that it seemed advisable in routine examinations to use one extract and one extract only from each group.
Prostate cancer cell death produced by the co-delivery of Bcl-xL shRNA and doxorubicin using an aptamer-conjugated polyplex
Authors: Eunjung Kim, Yukyung Jung, Hyangtae Choi, Jaemoon Yang, Jin-Suck Suh, Yong-Min Huh, Kunhong Kim, Seungjoo Haam
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
UK enquiry shows lack of knowledge about complications in patients with sickle cell disease
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Patients who have confounded doctors with signs and symptoms that elude diagnosis are to be offered the expertise of hundreds of doctors in a unique programme from the US National Institutes of Health."Physicians deal with about 6600 conditions and 6000 of them are quite rare.Even common diseases have many subtypes," the institutes' director Elias A Zerhouni said during a telephone news conference with reporters earlier this week.He said it was not surprising that many can go undiagnosed for years.The programme aims to combine the revolution in tools and information at the molecular level with the expertise of the 1600 doctors at the NIH Clinical Center "to assist patients around the country and their doctors."It will add to the knowledge base by creating a phenotype atlas of disease."We are doing this now because of the advances that have been made over the last five years at the fundamental level.We have many more biologic markers, the significance of which is not always understood." Dr Zerhouni said that for the first time his organisation was going to apply these sophisticated laboratory tests to human diseases on a large scale.Under the current system of research at the NIH Clinical Center, patients with challenging conditions "are triaged to a specific institute or protocol programme, and are assessed by one team," said John I Gallin, director of the centre.Participants in the new programme "will be assessed by a large spectrum of teams."Candidate patients must be referred by a healthcare provider and will have to submit exhaustive medical records that will be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team of 25 senior doctors.Those who are accepted into the programme will travel to the centre for an evaluation, which is likely to take at least a week.Details are available at http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/
588 Levels of platelet-activating factor (PAF) during liver regeneration after paracetamol-induced liver injury
Authors: A.D. Grypioti, G.K. Papadimas, E. Fragopoulou, A.C. Basagiannis, C.A. Demopoulos, Z. Papadopoulou-Daifoti, M.G. Mykoniatis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
US doctors want no part in executions
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1998)

A group of doctors in California is suing the state to drop its requirement that doctors should participate in the execution of prisoners.

The 13 doctors contend that such participation in executions violates the Hippocratic oath and is contrary to ethical practice. The doctors are lobbying the state Court of Appeals to resurrect a lawsuit that was dismissed in 1996 when a judge from the San Francisco Superior Court ruled that the involvement of doctors in the …
Polymorphism in the human apolipoprotein A-I gene promoter region. Association of the minor allele with decreased production rate in vivo and promoter activity in vitro.
Authors: J D Smith, E A Brinton, J L Breslow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

We investigated a common polymorphism in the human apolipoprotein A-I gene promoter at a position 76 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site. 54 human subjects, whose apoAI production rates had been determined by apoAI turnover studies, were genotyped at this polymorphic position by a novel technique using polymerase chain reaction followed by primer extension. 35 subjects were homozygous for a guanosine (G) at this locus and 19 were heterozygous with a guanosine and adenosine (A). The apoAI production rates were significantly lower (by 11%) in the G/A heterozygotes than in the G homozygotes (P = 0.025). In spite of the apparent effect of this apoAI gene promoter polymorphism on the apoAI production rate, there was no effect on HDL cholesterol or apoAI levels. To investigate whether the observed difference in apoAI production rates was related to differential gene expression of the two alleles, promoters containing either allele were linked to the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyltransferase, and relative promoter efficiencies were determined after transfection into the human HepG2 hepatoma cell line. The A allele expressed only 68% +/- 5% as well as the G allele, a result consistent with the in vivo apoAI production rate data.
Diagnosis of Baker Cyst
Authors: Peter M. Levitin
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report by Rudikoff et al (235:1054, 1976) on ultrasound diagnosis of Baker cysts does not mention an important limitation of this technique. If a Baker cyst completely ruptures rather than dissects into the calf, it may not be detected by an ultrasound B scan.<sup>1</sup>In this case, arthrography would still be necessary for an accurate diagnosis.
The complementary role of glucocorticosteroids and long‐acting β‐adrenergic agonists
Authors: K. F. Chung
Journal: Allergy (1998)

In summary, beta 2-adrenergic agonists and corticosteroids can interact to produce beneficial effects on airway function. The regular use of short-acting, beta 2-adrenergic agonists as relief therapy is safe and effective; however, some degree of caution may be required with the use of very high doses. Long-acting beta 2-adrenergic agonists provide further benefits in terms of asthma control in patients already established on inhaled corticosteroid therapy. The mechanism by which this interaction occurs remains to be elucidated, but may involve a protective effect of corticosteroids on dysfunctional beta-adrenergic receptor expression and function. In asthma, there may be a degree of uncoupling of the airway receptors, probably caused by cytokines such as IL-1 beta. However, this has not been established yet. Furthermore, beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated effects may be more quickly downregulated with beta-receptor stimulation, leading to a reduction in anti-inflammatory effects. The regular use of corticosteroids leads to an inhibition of cytokine production and prevents beta-adrenergic receptor downregulation, allowing beta 2-adrenergic agonists to be more effective. Further research, which may lead to a greater understanding of these mechanisms, may also lead to the development of more effective treatment regimens.
Effects of Zidovudine Therapy in Minority and Other Subpopulations With Early HIV Infection
Authors: Stephen Lagakos
Journal: JAMA (1991)

OBJECTIVE--The purpose of this study was to determine whether the beneficial effects of zidovudine seen overall in two recently completed placebo-controlled clinical trials are also apparent in blacks, Hispanics, women, and intravenous drug users. DESIGN--Two double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials, protocols 016 and 019, conducted by the AIDS Clinical Trials Group. SETTING--University-based referral centers. PARTICIPANTS--Two thousand forty-eight persons with asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus infection were analyzed. Of these, 155 were black, 190 were Hispanic, 144 were women, and 221 were intravenous drug users. All randomized subjects were included in the analysis. INTERVENTION--Participants in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 016 were assigned to receive a placebo or a 1200-mg daily dose of zidovudine. Participants in the AIDS Clinical Trials Group protocol 019 were assigned to receive a placebo, a 500-mg daily dose of zidovudine, or a 1500-mg daily dose of zidovudine. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Progression to AIDS. RESULTS--The rates of progression to AIDS in subjects receiving zidovudine were significantly lower than those in subjects receiving a placebo among blacks (P = .03), whites (relative risk [RR] = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.5 to 3.6, P less than .0001), Hispanics (RR = 4.4, CI = 1.2 to 16.8, P = .02), non-Hispanics (RR = 2.3, CI = 1.5 to 3.6, P = .0002), men (RR = 2.5, CI = 1.6 to 3.8, P less than .0001), and non-intravenous drug users (RR = 2.5, CI = 1.6 to 4.0, P less than .0001). The rates of disease progression for subjects receiving zidovudine were not statistically different from those receiving placebo for women (RR = 3.3, CI = 0.3 to 36.3, P = .31) or for intravenous drug users (RR = 2.0, CI = 0.7 to 6.2, P = .21); however, in both instances the estimated RRs were similar to those for men and non-intravenous drug users.-Although the two studies used for this analysis were not specifically designed to assess the effects of zidovudine in each separate subpopulation, the data suggest that the beneficial effects of zidovudine reported for the entire study population also apply to the subpopulations of blacks, Hispanics, women, and intravenous drug users.
French government agrees to subsidise private clinics by 300m
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:</h3> The diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations may be challenging on conventional MR imaging because neither the location of the signal abnormality in the spinal cord nor the level of the abnormal flow voids correlates with the level of the fistula. We conducted a retrospective evaluation of the utility of using a time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics sequence in the diagnosis, characterization, and localization of spinal vascular malformations, comparing it with the criterion standard of spinal DSA. <h3>MATERIALS AND METHODS:</h3> Fifty-five consecutive patients with a suspected diagnosis of spinal vascular malformation underwent time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics followed by spinal DSA. All scans were performed on a 1.5T scanner by using a standard 8-channel spine coil and were reported by a neuroradiologist before the DSA was performed. <h3>RESULTS:</h3> Forty-seven lesions were confirmed on time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics and classified as spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (<i>n</i> = 33, with 1 patient having a type Ib fistula), perimedullary spinal cord arteriovenous fistulas (<i>n</i> = 10), and intramedullary arteriovenous malformations (<i>n</i> = 3). One patient had an extradural spinal vascular malformation. Time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics identified the location of the arterial feeder to within 1 vertebral level in 27/33 patients (81.8%) with spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas and correctly predicted the side in 22/33 (66.6%) patients. Perimedullary spinal cord arteriovenous fistulas were erroneously considered to represent spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas before spinal DSA. The anatomy of the arterial supply to intramedullary arteriovenous malformations was also poorly characterized on time-resolved contrast-enhanced MR angiography. <h3>CONCLUSIONS:</h3> It has been our experience that time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics is a useful confirmatory tool when a spinal vascular malformation is suspected on the basis of clinical and conventional MR imaging findings. As experience with the technique grows and sequences are refined, it may be possible to rely on time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics as a screening tool for the diagnosis of spinal vascular malformations.
AN UNUSUAL TYPE OF HYDROCELE
Authors: Charles A. Parker
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The following case of hydrocele appears worthy of record on account of its unusual pathology. The patient was a Well-developed boy, 11 years old. He had fallen on the sidewalk a week previously and the next day had observed a swelling of the scrotum, which had increased in size up to the time of his application for admission to the Children's Memorial Hospital. On examination there was found a characteristic painless pearshaped, fluctuating swelling in the left side of the scrotum measuring about 2% by 1¼ inches in diameter. A diagnosis of hydrocele was made and an operation advised. The cyst could not be diminished on pressure. There was no history of a hernia and no evidence of one obtained.  At the operation, Nov. 16, 1912, about 2 ounces of a clear amber fluid were evacuated and the cyst was opened. From the upper wall there projected into the cavity
Relationship between Polycythemia and Surgical Mortality in Patients Undergoing Total Correction for Tetralogy of Fallot
Authors: ROBERT D. LEACHMAN, GRADY L. HALLMAN, DENTON A. COOLEY
Journal: Circulation (1965)

"Complete" surgical correction of Fallot's tetralogy carries a much higher risk in patients with a hemoglobin concentration greater than 18 Gm. per cent (31 per cent mortality) than in those whose hemoglobin concentration is less than 18 Gm. per cent (10 per cent mortality). The successful reduction of hemoglobin concentration from greater than 18 Gm. per cent to less than 18 Gm. per cent through systemic-pulmonary anastomosis greatly reduces the surgical risk associated with "complete correction." The mechanism by which this reduces surgical mortality is not known but may be related to (1) decreasing the hemorrhagic tendency associated with polycythemia and (2) conditioning of the pulmonary vascular bed and "left heart" in preparation for their new role when definitive repair has been accomplished. The hemoglobin concentration can be used to grade the severity of Fallot's tetralogy. Such grading would provide a basis for valid appraisal of surgical mortality rates among otherwise comparable series of cases.