tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plasma parathyroid hormone and risk of congestive heart failure in the community
Authors: Emil Hagström, Erik Ingelsson, Johan Sundström, Per Hellman, Tobias E. Larsson, Lars Berglund, Håkan Melhus, Claes Held, Karl Michaëlsson, Lars Lind, Johan Ärnlöv
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Production of endothelium derived relaxant factor is dependent on oxidative phosphorylation and extracellular calcium
Authors: T. M GRIFFITH, D. H EDWARDS, A. C NEWBY, M. J LEWIS, A. H HENDERSON
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

Journal Article Production of endothelium derived relaxant factor is dependent on oxidative phosphorylation and extracellular calcium Get access TUDOR M GRIFFITH, TUDOR M GRIFFITH **From the Departments of Radiology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DAVID H EDWARDS, DAVID H EDWARDS †From the Departments of Cardiology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ANDREW C NEWBY, ANDREW C NEWBY †From the Departments of Cardiology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MALCOLM J LEWIS, MALCOLM J LEWIS ‡From the Departments of Pharmacology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ANDREW H HENDERSON ANDREW H HENDERSON †From the Departments of Cardiology, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 20, Issue 1, January 1986, Pages 7–12, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/20.1.7 Published: 01 January 1986
Hybrid Microfluidic Systems: Fabrication of a Hybrid Microfluidic System Incorporating both Lithographically Patterned Microchannels and a 3D Fiber‐Formed Microfluidic Network (Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2/2012)
Authors: Leon M. Bellan, Tatiana Kniazeva, Ernest S. Kim, Alla A. Epshteyn, Donald M. Cropek, Robert Langer, Jeffrey T. Borenstein
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

A device containing a 3D microchannel network (fabricated using sacrificial melt-spun microfibers) sandwiched between lithographically patterned microfluidic channels offers improved delivery of soluble compounds to a large volume compared to a simple stack of two microfluidic channel layers. With this improved delivery ability comes an increased fluidic resistance due to the tortuous network of small-diameter channels, report Leon Bellan and co-workers on 164.
Monozygotic twins brought up apart and brought up together; an investigation into the genetic and environmental causes of variation in personality
Authors: Ralph W. Barris
Journal: JAMA (1963)

As Eliot Slater indicates in his forward, monozygotic twins serve as a controlled experiment set up by nature to test the effects of environment. Since they have exactly the same hereditary equipment, any "differences" must be of environmental origin. This book compares matched groups of monozygotic twins, one group consisting of pairs separated in early years and the other of pairs who spent their childhoods together. Thus the effort has been made to measure the effects of a wide range of environmental factors. These include: (1) personality of the mother, (2) mother-figure, (3) family structure, (4) small to moderate differences in social and economic background, and all differences from family to family in England which might be expected to react upon the intelligence and personality traits. Case histories, objective tests of intelligence and personality traits, interviews, and life histories were used as tools in this research. In all, 44 pairs
Facilitating prevention in primary care.
Authors: D. Mant
Journal: BMJ (1992)

seed corn is at risk if excellence in academic medicine is not sustained in the United Kingdom.These include the universities, research councils, and medical research charities with their responsibilities for teaching and research; the health service with its need for better understanding of disease; and industry, particularly the pharmaceutical industry.In particular, they need reminding that the clinical, managerial, and teaching demands placed on some clinical academics are such that they have little chance of conducting high quality research and of obtaining research funds in competition with scientists without these responsibilities.The larger medical charities have a creditable record in supporting senior posts in which research time is protected, but many branches of medical research are not directly supported by charities oriented towards a specialty or disease, or the charities are too small to support career posts.We may hope that the heightened awareness of health research that has followed Professor Michael Peckham's appointment as director of research and development at the Department of Health will provide a boost for academic medicine.A consensus now calls for the creation of more consultant posts to reflect the growth of specialisation and the needs of an increasingly consultant led service.Such expansion needs to be accompanied by a commensurate increase in career posts in academic medicine, and these posts must offer the same financial rewards as their full time NHS counterparts.
Points: Sleep in the surgical intensive care unit
Authors: C D Hanning
Journal: BMJ (1985)

reiterated my comment' on the treatment of cysticercosis with metriphonate and by means of radioimmunotherapy.Some other advances should be mentioned.In addition to praziquantel2-4 the anthelmninthic flubendazole has recently been used in the management of neurocysticercosis, with apparent success.5 Injection of quinine sulphate in distilled water into subcutaneous cysticerci has also been reported to destroy the bladderworms, thus obviating the need for their surgical excision.6
Fetal nuchal translucency: ultrasound screening for chromosomal defects in first trimester of pregnancy.
Authors: K. H. Nicolaides, G. Azar, D. Byrne, C. Mansur, K. Marks
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the significance of fetal nuchal translucency at 10-14 weeks9 gestation in the prediction of abnormal fetal karyotype. DESIGN--Prospective screening study. SETTING--The Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King9s College Hospital, London. SUBJECTS--827 fetuses undergoing first trimester karyotyping by amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Incidence of chromosomal defects. RESULTS--The incidence of chromosomal defects was 3% (28 of 827 cases). In the 51 (6%) fetuses with nuchal translucency 3-8 mm thick the incidence of chromosomal defects was 35% (18 cases). In contrast, only 10 of the remaining 776 (1%) fetuses were chromosomally abnormal. CONCLUSION--Fetal nuchal translucency &gt; or = 3 mm is a useful first trimester marker for fetal chromosomal abnormalities.
Indian Sandal Strap Dermatitis
Authors: Ralph E. Pilgram
Journal: JAMA (1970)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> This is a supplement to the letter from Lynch and Rudolph, "Indian Sandal Strap Dermatitis" (<b>209:</b>1906, 1969). Here at Pennsylvania State University we, too, have had our problems with these interesting lesions. At first we believed that they were produced by sensitivity to the leather from water buffalo hides, and we also observed positive patch tests. We have a large number of graduate students from India, one of whom desribed how these sandals are manufactured by families in their own homes. They use a wide variety of tanning processes, even including animal urine. But the offending ingredient which the authors described as "Indian vegetable tanning" seems to be sumac sap, used in the lacquer. This is further influenced by the directions which come with some of these sandals, that is, to soak them in water before the initial wearing so that they would mold to some
Pancreatic Endocrine Tumors — The Search Goes On
Authors: John L. Doppman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

THE localization of islet-cell tumors producing insulin and gastrin continues to challenge endocrinologists, radiologists, and surgeons. Since no single imaging study has emerged as being clearly superior and safe, we continue to perform an array of examinations, ranging from ultrasonography, the least invasive and expensive, to magnetic resonance imaging and portal venous sampling, the most complex and interventionist. Each new technique is subjected to the litmus test of sophisticated imaging: does it localize functioning islet-cell tumors? Continuing the tradition, in this issue of the Journal Rösch and his colleagues report on their experience with the use of endoscopic ultrasonography to . . .
Abstract 3894: A high phosphate environment induces angiogenesis, which is mediated by FOXC2.
Authors: Yiming Lin, Laura M. Garneys, Kelly E. Bennett, George R. Beck
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Inorganic phosphate is a common dietary element that is critical to the human body on many levels however the effects of changes in serum phosphate on cell and tissue behavior are not well understood. Due, in part, to the increased consumption of processed foods, the amount of inorganic phosphate in the American diet continues to rise above levels already considered high by the FDA. There is a growing appreciation that changes in serum phosphate levels influence pathological states associated with aging such as cancer, bone metabolism, and cardiovascular function, even in individuals with normal renal function. The causes are only beginning to be elucidated but are likely a combination of endocrine, paracrine, autocrine, and cell autonomous effects. Recent studies in mice have demonstrated that a diet high in phosphate, relative to a reduced phosphate diet, increases tumorigenesis in the two-stage skin carcinogenesis model as well as the Kras lung cancer model. Using cell cultures models we have determined that high phosphate results in increased proliferation and transformation as measured by XTT, cell counts, soft agar and focus formation assays. Our in vitro studies have also identified specific signaling cascades induced by elevated extracellular phosphate which result in the temporal and dynamic regulation of hundreds of phosphate responsive genes. A subset of the Pi-responsive genes including the Forkhead box protein C2 (FOXC2), osteopontin (spp1), Cyr61, and Vegf among others, has been previously linked to stimulation of angiogenesis leading to the hypothesis that conditioned medium from phosphate treated cells would increase angiogenesis. We confirmed the phosphate-induced expression of these genes in a number of cancer cells including breast, colon, and lung. The increased expression of these genes was determined to be dependent on phosphate transport as well as FGF receptor and ERK1/2 signaling. Using human umbilical cord vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) we determined that, in fact, conditioned medium from these phosphate treated cancer cells increased both migration and tube formation in the HUVEC model. Knockdown of FOXC2 inhibited phosphate induced gene expression in cancer cells as well as eliminating the stimulation of HUVEC migration in response to Pi-treated cancer cell conditioned medium. These results suggest that a cellular environment with elevated phosphate promotes multiple aspects of tumorigenesis including angiogenesis. Citation Format: Yiming Lin, Laura M. Garneys, Kelly E. Bennett, George R. Beck. A high phosphate environment induces angiogenesis, which is mediated by FOXC2. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3894. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3894
Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis in Old Hypercholesterolemic Mice
Authors: Robert M. Weiss, Masuo Ohashi, Jordan D. Miller, Stephen G. Young, Donald D. Heistad
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Hypercholesterolemia and old age are clinical risk factors for development of aortic valve stenosis, and hypercholesterolemia is a putative therapeutic target. We tested the hypothesis that calcification and aortic valve stenosis would develop in genetically hypercholesterolemic old mice. Methods and Results— Twenty-four low-density lipoprotein receptor–deficient apolipoprotein B-100–only ( LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 ) mice were fed normal chow from weaning until age 20.1±0.5 months (mean±SE; range 17 to 22 months). Twenty-one age-matched (20.8±0.9 months, range 17 to 25 months) C57Bl/6 mice served as controls. Echocardiographic imaging was used to assess morphology and function of the aortic valve and left ventricle. A subset of 12 mice underwent invasive hemodynamic assessment of aortic valve function. Functionally significant aortic stenosis, with &gt;75% reduction in valve area, occurred in 8 of 24 LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 mice and in 0 of 21 controls ( P =0.01). In the subset that underwent catheterization, mice with echocardiographic evidence of aortic stenosis had a systolic transvalvular gradient of 57±6 mm Hg. In the group of all LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 mice with aortic stenosis, left ventricular mass was increased by 67% ( P =0.001) and ejection fraction was decreased by 30% ( P =0.004) compared with LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 without aortic stenosis. Von Kossa staining of the aortic valve demonstrated abundant mineralization in LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 mice but not in control mice. Superoxide (oxyethidium fluorescence) was present in valve tissue from all 3 groups of mice and was more abundant in mice with aortic stenosis. Conclusions— Hypercholesterolemic LDLr −/− ApoB 100/100 mice are prone to develop calcification and oxidative stress in the aortic valve, with functional valvular heart disease, mimicking the clinical syndrome. This discovery holds promise for elucidation of the pathophysiology of aortic valve disease mechanisms and for the design of effective nonsurgical treatment.
Surgical Standby for Coronary Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: Bernhard Meier
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To assess the predictability of need for emergency surgery after coronary balloon angioplasty.Nonrandomized intervention study.Nonprofit university hospital.Prior to balloon angioplasty, 1000 consecutive patients were assigned to either the "standby" group (189 patients [19%]) or the "no-standby" group (811 patients [81%]). Patients in the standby group (intervention coordinated with cardiac surgery) included all operable patients undergoing angioplasty of their largest coronary arteries that were not currently or previously totally occluded or collateralized; the no-standby group consisted of the remainder of patients.Allocation to coronary angioplasty with or without surgical standby.Need for bypass surgery, occurrence of myocardial infarction, and mortality from complications of angioplasty.Bypass surgery immediately after angioplasty was done in one patient in each group (standby, 0.5%, vs no-standby, 0.1%). The frequency of infarction was 5% vs 4%, respectively. All eight deaths occurred in the no-standby group (1.0%), but none of them were consequences of a lack of surgical standby. They occurred in situations in which bypass surgery would not have changed the outcome (two cardiac failures late after technically successful angioplasty for postinfarct cardiogenic shock, one in-laboratory rupture of an unrecognized ventricular pseudoaneurysm, and one protamine reaction), secondary to acute problems late after successful angioplasty (two sudden deaths and one vessel occlusion in an inoperable patient), or despite surgery (one patient with left main stem dissection).Performing roughly 80% of coronary angioplasties without surgical standby did not increase patient risk. Coronary angioplasty without surgical backup, albeit not an ideal setting, appears ethically feasible in selected patients if dictated by logistic considerations.
Neuroleptic sensitivity in patients with senile dementia of Lewy body type.
Authors: I. McKeith, A. Fairbairn, R. Perry, P. Thompson, E. Perry
Journal: BMJ (1992)

To determine the outcome of administration of neuroleptics to patients with senile dementia of Lewy body type confirmed at necropsy.Retrospective analysis of clinical notes blind to neuropathological diagnosis.Specialist psychogeriatric assessment units referring cases for necropsy to a teaching hospital neuropathology service.41 elderly patients with diagnosis of either Alzheimer type dementia (n = 21) or Lewy body type dementia (n = 20) confirmed at necropsy.Clinical state including extrapyramidal features before and after neuroleptic treatment and survival analysis of patients showing severe neuroleptic sensitivity compared with the remainder in the group.16 (80%) patients with Lewy body type dementia received neuroleptics, 13 (81%) of whom reacted adversely; in seven (54%) the reactions were severe. Survival analysis showed an increased mortality in the year after presentation to psychiatric services compared with patients with mild or no neuroleptic sensitivity (hazard ratio 2.70 (95% confidence interval 2.50-8.99); (chi 2 = 2.68, p = 0.05). By contrast, only one (7%) of 14 patients with Alzheimer type dementia given neuroleptics showed severe neuroleptic sensitivity.Severe, and often fatal, neuroleptic sensitivity may occur in elderly patients with confusion, dementia, or behavioural disturbance. Its occurrence may indicate senile dementia of Lewy body type and this feature has been included in clinical diagnostic criteria for this type of dementia.
CONSERVATISM IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE MASTOIDITIS.
Authors: SARGENT F. SNOW
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Acute mastoiditis is a disease which has assumed an importance not to be gainsaid and is ripe for study in all its phases of pathology and treatment; surgically it can be so well handled that a conservative attitude should be taken only after a careful and full explanation to prevent being misunderstood; the author takes it more as comparative with the attitude of those who hold that in every case where there is evidence of mastoid involvement the external operation should be immediately performed. <h3>A MIDDLE GROUND FOR TREATMENT.</h3> The author also wishes it to be understood that by conservatism he does not mean inactivity, for the results of the waiting plan are replete with disaster. Ultra-conservatism in these cases is in reality a crime; cerebral complications are too grave to admit of anything but prompt and vigorous action. The main object of
Results of Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Further Survey of One Hospital Region
Authors: J. K. Ritchie
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Case records have been studied for the results of surgery in 294 patients operated on for inflammatory bowel disease during 1967-72 at 34 non-teaching hospitals within the North-east Metropolitan Hospital Region. All patients treated surgically for acute colitis and those treated for chronic disease by total colectomy were included.The postoperative mortality of the primary surgery was 23.7%. The mortality was 2.1% in patients treated by elective operation, 37.6% in patients coming to urgent operation, and 60.9% in patients treated by emergency operation. The three most important factors affecting the mortality were considered to be: increasing age of the patient, the presence of established colonic dilatation, and preoperative perforation of the colon.
Computerised Axial Tomography
Authors: M. I. V. Jayson
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1978)

the author accepts as a syndrome with high titre of antibodies to ribonucleoprotein and a favourable prognosis.The final chapter deals with immune complex disease and the complement system, followed by an appendix covering immu- nological tests in the rheumatic diseases.The book is well written, clearly set out, very readable, and covers a large field with commendable brevity.
Hemodynamic factors influencing arterial hypoxemia in massive pulmonary embolism with circulatory failure.
Authors: F Jardin, F Gurdjian, P Desfonds, J L Fouilladieu, A Margairaz
Journal: Circulation (1979)

Arterial hypoxemia is a common finding in acute pulmonary embolism, and its severity is generally assumed to be proportional to the extent of pulmonary artery obstruction. We studied blood gases (during room air breathing and 100% oxygen breathing) and hemodynamic data is seven patients with massive pulmonary embolism and circulatory failure. All measurements were made before and 30 minutes after medical therapy of shock. We observed that a low cardiac output state can result in a misleading improvement in arterial oxygenation during massive pulmonary embolism, and that an improved circulatory status resulting from medical therapy (including inotropic drug infusion with or without blood volume expansion) can paradoxically increase arterial hypoxemia. We conclude that severity of arterial hypoxemia may not reflect the severity of pulmonary artery obstruction in acute pulmonary embolism if shock is present.
Obesity, Insulin Resistance, β-Cell Autoimmunity, and the Changing Clinical Epidemiology of Childhood Diabetes
Authors: Arlan L. Rosenbloom
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Over the past half century, the nomenclature for the major forms of diabetes changed from juvenile- and adult-onset to insulin-dependent or ketosis-prone and non–insulin-dependent or ketosis-resistant and, most recently, in an attempt to shift from treatment to what is now known of pathogenesis as the basis, type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Challenges to the concept of two main and distinct forms of diabetes go back to epidemiologic studies in the 1960s and 1970s. Yemenite immigrants to Israel had very few instances of diabetes but, after 25 years in the land of milk and honey, experienced a 40-fold increase in frequency of diabetes. The proportion of insulin dependency was similar to that in Israelis of European origin, suggesting common environmental influences (most likely nutritional) on the expression of both major forms of diabetes (1). In a comparison of diabetes expression in >1,500 siblings of middle-aged newly diagnosed patients (both insulin dependent and non–insulin dependent) and siblings of childhood-onset insulin-dependent patients who had reached the same age bracket, Gottlieb (2) described a tendency, but not a requirement, for similar disease expression in families. Of siblings of childhood-onset patients, 12% had developed diabetes, evenly divided between what we would now consider type 1 and type 2 diabetes; siblings of adult-onset insulin-dependent patients had similar frequency and proportions. Siblings of type 2 diabetic patients had an 11% diabetes frequency; one-fourth of them were insulin dependent. More recently, a study of 3,500 incident cases of type 1 diabetes in Sweden found a family history for type 2 diabetes to be three times more likely in patients with type 1 diabetes than in matched control subjects (two for each patient) and type 1 diabetes frequency to be increased in relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes (3).

Further assault on the view of type …