tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9395: Oxidative Stress Impairs Desensitization of the G-Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) and Increases Vascular Reactivity by Prolonging the Contractile Responses in the Cerebral Arteries After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Katsuharu Kameda, Yuichiro Kikkawa, Mayumi Hirano, Satoshi Matsuo, Tomio Sasaki, Katsuya Hirano
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Cerebral vasospasm is a critical determinant in the prognosis of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Increased vascular reactivity plays a key role in cerebral vasospasm. Not only enhanced contraction, but also prolonged contraction are characteristic of cerebral vasospasm. The up-regulation of GPCRs, including thrombin receptor PAR 1 , contributes to enhanced contraction. The present study addressed the hypothesis that changes in the mechanisms regulating the activity of GPCRs contribute to a prolonged vascular reactivity. This study used a rabbit double SAH model. PAR 1 -activating peptide (PAR 1 AP) induced a transient contraction in the control basilar arteries, while it induced an enhanced and sustained contraction in SAH. When sequentially applied, the second stimulation of PAR 1 AP induced 75% of the first response, while it induced an 8% response in the controls. Thrombin induced an enhanced and sustained contraction in SAH. Notably, the thrombin-induced contraction persisted irreversibly even after terminating thrombin stimulation. The responses to angiotensin II, vasopressin, and PGF 2 α were also enhanced and prolonged to varying degrees after SAH. These observations suggested that, in addition to receptor up-regulation, the mechanism for the desensitization of GPCRs was impaired during SAH. Intrathecal treatment with argatroban, a thrombin inhibitor, prevented the enhancement of the response to PAR 1 agonists in SAH. However, PAR 1 AP still induced a sustained response, the reactivity to the second stimulation was maintained, and thrombin induced an irreversible contraction. Addition of vitamin C or tempol to argatroban restored a transient response, tachyphylactic attenuation, and reversibility of thrombin response. The level of oxidative stress in the brain tissues increased after SAH, and it was normalized by either argatroban or vitamin C. The results suggest that oxidative stress impairs the desensitization of GPCRs, thus prolonging vascular reactivity after SAH. The impaired desensitization significantly influenced the activity of PAR 1 , thereby causing irreversible contraction. Combined thrombin inhibition and anti-oxidative agents is therefore considered to be a novel strategy to normalize vascular reactivity.
Abstract 10178: Impact of Cilostazol After Endovascular Treatment in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia for Infrainguinal Disease
Authors: Yoshimitsu Soga, Osamu Iida, Keisuke Hirano, Kenji Suzuki, Daizo Kawasaki, Yusuke Miyashita, Taketsugu Tsuchiya, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: It has been reported that cilostazol reduced restenosis and repeat revascularization after endovascular therapy (EVT) in claudicant patients with femoropopliteal lesion. However, little...
Rapid response to Groves J. Bicycle weight and commuting time... Trial design not cycle design at fault.
Authors: C Todd
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Todd C. Rapid response to Groves J. Bicycle weight and commuting time: randomised trial.  BMJ 2010;341:c6801 doi:10.1136/bmj.c6801: Trial design not cycle design at fault. BMJ 15/12/2010 http://www.bmj.com/rapid-response/2011/11/03/trial-design-not-cycle-design-fault
Abstract 12074: Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Robert L Lobato, Jim K Wong, Kim F Rhoads, Roham T Zamanian
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: An increasing number of patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are presenting for non-cardiac surgical procedures. Despite this, few population level analyses are available to guid...
Abstract 19221: Metoprolol vesus Ivabradine in the Treatment of Inappropriate Sinus Tachycardia
Authors: Pawel A Ptaszynski, Krzysztof Kaczmarek, Jan Ruta, Jerzy K Wranicz
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Inappropriate sinus tachycardia (IST) is a clinical syndrome characterized by excessive resting heart rate (HR) or disproportional increasing HR during exercise. The treatment of IST ...
Nestle's violation of international marketing code
Authors: S. Sinha
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Priority setting in health careOf course we should ask the tax payer Editor-Torgerson and Gosden argue that eliciting public views on healthcare priority setting is a waste of money. 1 It is implicit in their argument that the many health economists who dabble in this allegedly inefficient activity should know better.As health economists and practitioners of the dark art of including the public in priority setting, we believe that we ought to respond to this charge.The problem with Torgerson and Gosden's argument is that it does not distinguish between facts and values.It seems reasonable to assume that patients normally know less than clinicians about the facts concerning the effects of different treatments.As Torgerson and Gosden argue, this form of asymmetric information is one reason why many British health economists believe that public funding of health care is more efficient than private funding, which provides clinicians with a profit motive for supplying unnecessary treatments to illinformed patients.Torgerson and Gosden assert that patients generally know less than specialists about the "facts" concerning the effects of alternative priority setting decisions, and they conclude that setting priorities on the basis of ill-informed opinions is inefficient.What Torgerson and Gosden do not recognise, however, is the possibility that patients generally know more than specialists about their own values concerning their health and the health of others.This kind of asymmetrical information can lead well meaning clinicians, managers, and policymakers to provide inefficient healthcare services, poorly in tune with patients' values.That is why health economists have devoted considerable energy to developing methods of valuing the effects of treatments from the patient's point of view.That is also why health economists are now devoting energy to developing methods of consulting patients about their values concerning priority setting.Asymmetrical information about facts can cause inefficiency in a private system, which is why we need a public system.Asymmetrical information about values can cause inefficiency in a public system, which is why we need to include the public in healthcare priority setting.Efficient decision making requires the use of best available information about facts and values.Our experience in conducting preference elicitation studies suggests that asking the taxpayer can be a fruitful source of information about the latter-and that public opinions are more sophisticated, and less predictable, than Torgerson and Gosden like to think.
Abstract 3684: Short-term Caloric Restriction Reverses Age-associated Vascular Endothelial Dysfunction in Older Mice
Authors: Catarina Rippe, Melanie L Connell, Lisa A Lesniewski, Anthony J Donato, Douglas R Seals
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Backgound: Oxidative stress-mediated, nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vascular endothelial dysfunction develops with aging, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. As such, it is important to identify interventions that can prevent/restore the loss of endothelial function with aging. Caloric restriction (CR) is associated with several physiological benefits and increased longevity in rodents. Some of these benefits are linked to increases in SIRT-1, an enzyme activating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), and reductions in oxidative stress. We tested the hypothesis that short-term CR would restore vascular endothelial function by improving NO bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress in old B6D2F1-mice, and that this would be associated with increased expression of SIRT-1 and eNOS. Methods: Old (30 months) male B6D2F1-mice were either fed ad libitum (AL, n=6) or were restricted to 70% (3.2g) of their normal food intake for 6 weeks after 2 weeks of progressive restriction (n=6). Carotid artery dilation was assessed ex vivo in response to the endothelium-dependent dilator acetylcholine (ACh) [before and after incubation with the eNOS inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) or the superoxide dismutase mimetic, TEMPOL] and the endothelium-independent dilator sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Results: ACh-induced dilation was markedly impaired in the AL mice, but was completely restored in the CR mice (63±10% vs. 98±1%, P&lt;0.01). L-NAME decreased ACh dilation by 97% in CR, but only 56% in AL mice, indicating increased NO bioavailability in the CR mice. TEMPOL restored ACh-mediated dilation in AL mice (to 97±1%), but had no effect in CR mice. Aortic protein expression of SIRT-1 and eNOS (western blotting) were 80 –90% higher in CR vs. AL mice (eNOS: 1.9±0.1 vs. 1.0±0.4 P&lt;0.05; SIRT-1: 1.8±0.2 vs. 1.0±0.2, P=0.05). Dilation to SNP was similar in the CR and AL mice (97±1% vs. 96±2%, P=0.63). Conclusion: Short-term CR selectively restores endothelium-dependent dilation in older B6D2F1-mice by increasing NO bioavailability and reducing oxidative stress. These effects are associated with increased vascular expression of SIRT-1 and eNOS. CR may be an effective intervention for reversing age-associated vascular endothelial dysfunction.
Abstract 022: Cystatin C Strengthens the Association of Kidney Function with Mortality and End-Stage Renal Disease
Authors: Michael G Shlipak, Kunihiro Matsushita, Johan Ärnlöv, Lesley A Inker, Ronit Katz, Kevan Polkinghorne, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Mark J Sarnak, Brad C Astor, Josef Coresh, Andrew S Levey, Ron T Gansevoort
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Adding cystatin C to serum creatinine improves accuracy of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but the impact on detection, staging and prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) across diverse populations has not been determined. Methods: Meta-analyses including 11 general population cohorts (N=90,750 participants) and 5 CKD cohorts (N=2,960) with standardized serum creatinine and cystatin C at baseline. We compared associations of baseline GFR estimated by CKD-EPI equations using creatinine (eGFR cr ) vs. cystatin C (eGFR cys ) with mortality (13,202 deaths from 15 cohorts) and incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) (1,654 cases from 7 cohorts) during mean follow-up of 7.7 years and studied prognostic consequences of reclassification. Results: In the general population cohorts, mean eGFRs were 85 ml/min/1.73m 2 for both equations but prevalence of eGFR&lt;60 ml/min/1.73m 2 was higher for eGFR cys vs. eGFR cr (13.7% vs. 9.7% [12,403 vs. 8,833 of 90,750]). Across all eGFR cr categories (≥90, 60-89, 45-59, 30-44, 15-29, and &lt;15 ml/min/1.73m 2 ), upward and downward reclassification by eGFR cys was associated with lower and higher risk, respectively; net reclassification improvement for eGFR cys compared with eGFR cr was 0.23 (0.18-0.28) for mortality and 0.10 (0.00-0.21) for ESRD. Among participants with eGFR cr 45-59 ml/min/1.73m 2 (N=6,358), ~40% were reclassified to higher eGFR cys categories and had lower risks of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio 0.66; 95% CI 0.57-0.77) and ESRD (0.20; 0.08-0.53) compared to those who were not reclassified. Among participants with eGFR cr 60-89 ml/min/1.73m 2 (N=43,630), ~13% were reclassified to lower eGFR cys categories and had higher risk for mortality (1.57; 1.39-1.78) and ESRD (2.66; 1.52-4.67) compared to no reclassification. The results for CKD cohorts were largely similar. Conclusions: Cystatin C strengthens the association of eGFR with risk across diverse populations providing a potentially useful adjunct to eGFR cr for detection and staging of CKD.
Abstract P147: Telestroke Software Offers Improved and Novel Methods of Studying Physician Decision Making
Authors: Julian P Yang, Andre Grujovski, Tim Wright, Tzu-Ching Wu, DaiWai M Olson, Brad J Kolls
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Data quality in stroke registries is typically dependent upon some form of chart review and manual data abstraction. The retrospective nature of this process is inherently prone to incomplete and inaccurate data collection with limited insight into the process of physician decision making. Hypothesis: New software packages accompanying telestroke systems will dramatically improve the quality of data by automating the abstraction process and providing real-time access to electronic databases. Methods: Telestroke systems provide web-based programs that record various levels of data. InTouch Technologies, Inc. currently provides StrokeRESPOND v3.0, a web-based program that facilitates telestroke consultation by organizing elements of the physician-patient encounter, including history, vitals, physical exam, laboratory results, and radiographs, and by generating a consultation note. Many data elements captured in the user interface mirror traditional metrics of acute stroke care research and can be de-identified and then directly transferred into an electronic database. The “forced choice” (aka hard-stop) design of data entry and elimination of secondhand abstraction can minimize data corruption and loss. Further, because each point of data entry and manipulation is time-stamped, powerful metadata_“data about data”_can be explored. By analyzing the sequence and patterns of clinical information entry and utilization, the actual thought process of the physician user can be investigated and provide new insights into stroke treatment. Optimization of acute stroke management, a complicated protocol, can be driven by identification of physician decision making patterns associated with multiple outcomes, including higher rates of treatment and faster treatment times. Conclusions: Specialized software programs will improve registry data collection, completeness and accuracy. The generation of metadata offers exciting, new avenues of research. Prospective stroke research using this methodology will require the collaboration of multiple academic institutions and industry partners.
ApoE–ε4 and early–onset Alzheimer's
Authors: Kaoru Okuizumi, Osamu Onodera, Hajime Tanaka, Hisashi Kobayashi, Shoji Tsuji, Hitoshi Takahashi, Kiyomitsu Oyanagi, Koji Seki, Masaharu Tanaka, Satoshi Naruse, Tadashi Miyatake, Hidehiro Mizusawa, Ichiro Kanazawa
Journal: Nature Genetics (1994)
Abstract 2593: Noninvasive Coronary Angiography by Dual Source Computed Tomography in patients with an intermediate pretest likelihood for coronary artery disease
Authors: Alexander Leber, Kristian Ovrehus, Janine Tittus, Thorsten Johnson, Christoph Becker, Alexander Becker
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Multislice CT has gained acceptance as a noninvasive tool to evaluate coronary arteries but its utility is limited by the occurrence of motion artifacts in patients with heart rates exceeding 70bpm. Furthermore little is known about the accuracy of MSCT in patient populations with an intermediate pretest likelihood for obstructive coronary artery disease. Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the clinical performance of a dual x-ray source MSCT with high temporal resolution without using negative chronotropic pretreatment. Methods: Dual source CT angiography (DSCT) (Siemens Definition) was performed in 130 patients with an intermediate likelihood for coronary artery disease, according to the Morise Scoring method, who were referred for invasive coronary angiography. Results: DSCT generated datasets with diagnostic image quality in overall 127/130 patients. In 13 of 15 patients with atrial fibrillation and in 63 of 65 patients with heart rates &gt; 65 bpm image quality was diagnostic. 13/13 patients with at least 1 stenosis &gt; 75% (Sensitivity 100%) were correctly identified and in 110/114 patients (Specificity 96%, positive predictive value 76%) coronary stenosis &gt;75% were correctly excluded. The accuracy to detect patients with coronary stenoses &gt; 75% was not significantly different among patients with heart rates &gt; 65bpm and &lt; 65bpm. Conclusion: This is one of the first studies using Multislice CT to assess the coronary status of patients with an intermediate pretest likelihood for coronary artery disease. We have shown that Dual Source Multislice CT (DSCT) allows to rule out coronary artery stenoses in such patients with excellent sensitivity. Due to a trend to overestimate the stenosis severity the positive predictive value of this technique is moderate in patient cohorts with a low prevalence of coronary stenoses. Fast heart rates and arrhythmias are no limitations for this technique anymore.
The Prognostic Value of Pre-Operative and Post-Operative B-Type Natriuretic Peptides in Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery
Authors: Reitze N. Rodseth, Bruce M. Biccard, Yannick Le Manach, Daniel I. Sessler, Giovana A. Lurati Buse, Lehana Thabane, Robert C. Schutt, Daniel Bolliger, Lucio Cagini, Daniela Cardinale, Carol P.W. Chong, Rong Chu, Miłosław Cnotliwy, Salvatore Di Somma, René Fahrner, Wen Kwang Lim, Elisabeth Mahla, Ramaswamy Manikandan, Francesco Puma, Wook B. Pyun, Milan Radović, Sriram Rajagopalan, Stuart Suttie, Thuvaraha Vanniyasingam, William J. van Gaal, Marek Waliszek, P.J. Devereaux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Abstract 16127: The Pivotal Role of p53 in Doxorubicin-Induced Acute versus Chronic Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Wuqiang Zhu, Sean Reuter, Wenjun Zhang, Gregory Wagner, Alexander Becker, Ronald M Payne, Lei Wei, Randall Caldwell, Weinian Shou, Loren Field
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer chemotherapeutic which also induces acute and chronic cardiotoxicities. Inhibition of p53 activity is cardioprotective against acute cardi...
Correlation of Bcl-2 Rearrangement With Clinical Characteristics and Outcome in Indolent Follicular Lymphoma
Authors: Armando López-Guillermo, Fernando Cabanillas, Timothy I. McDonnell, Peter McLaughlin, Terry Smith, William Pugh, Fredrick Hagemeister, M. Alma Rodrı́guez, Jorge E. Romaguera, Anas Younes, Andreas H. Sarris, H. Alejandro Preti, Ming-Seng Lee
Journal: Blood (1999)
Effect of Atorvastatin Therapy on Fibrous Cap Thickness in Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque as Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Kenichi Komukai, Takashi Kubo, Hironori Kitabata, Yoshiki Matsuo, Yuichi Ozaki, Shigeho Takarada, Yasushi Okumoto, Yasutsugu Shiono, Makoto Orii, Kunihiro Shimamura, Satoshi Ueno, Takashi Yamano, Takashi Tanimoto, Yasushi Ino, Tomoyuki Yamaguchi, Hirata Kumiko, Atsushi Tanaka, Toshio Imanishi, Hideharu Akagi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Abstract 2404: Polymorphisms of Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 2 Gene Affect the Antihypertensive Efficiency of Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
Authors: Hisayo Yasuda, Kei Kamide, Shin Takiuchi, Jin Yang, Yoshikazu Miwa, Tetsutaro Matayoshi, Takeshi Horio, Toshiyuki Miyata, Yuhei Kawano
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Effects of Guanine Nucleotide Depletion on Cell Cycle Progression in Human T Lymphocytes
Authors: Josée Laliberté, Ann Yee, Yue Xiong, Beverly S. Mitchell
Journal: Blood (1998)

Depletion of guanine nucleotide pools after inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) potently inhibits DNA synthesis by arresting cells in G1 and has been shown to induce the differentiation of cultured myeloid and erythroid cell lines, as well as chronic granulocytic leukemic cells after blast transformation. Inhibitors of IMPDH are also highly effective as immunosuppressive agents. The mechanism underlying these pleiotropic effects of depletion of guanine nucleotides is unknown. We have examined the effects of mycophenolic acid (MPA), a potent IMPDH inhibitor, on the cell cycle progression of activated normal human T lymphocytes. MPA treatment resulted in the inhibition of pRb phosphorylation and cell entry into S phase. The expression of cyclin D3, a major component of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity required for pRb phosphorylation, was completely abrogated by MPA treatment of T cells activated by interleukin-2 (IL-2) and leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), whereas the expression of cyclin D2, CDK6, and CDK4 was more mildly attenuated. The direct kinase activity of a complex immunoprecipitated with anti-CDK6 antibody was also inhibited. In addition, MPA prevented the IL-2–induced elimination of p27Kip1, a CDK inhibitor, and resulted in the retention of high levels of p27Kip1 in IL-2/PHA-L–treated T cells bound to CDK2. These results indicate that inhibition of the de novo synthesis of guanine nucleotides blocks the transition of normal peripheral blood T lymphocytes from G0 to S phase in early- to mid-G1 and that this cell cycle arrest results from inhibition of the induction of cyclin D/CDK6 kinase and the elimination of p27Kip1 inhibitory activity.
Abstract 4308: The Outcomes of the Cox-Maze Procedure Following Failed Catheter Ablation: A Multicenter Study
Authors: Ralph J Damiano, Niv Ad, A. Marc Gillinov, Marci S Bailey, Linda Henry, Denise K Sweeney
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The Cox-Maze procedure (CMP) was introduced over 20 years ago for the surgical treatment of lone atrial fibrillation (AF). In recent years, catheter ablation has become increasingly utilized to tre...
Abstract 15611: A Meta-Analysis of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Transfemoral versus Transapical Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Using Edwards SAPIEN Valve for Severe Aortic Stenosis
Authors: Hemang B Panchal, Parthiv Amin, Parthavkumar Patel, Vatsal Ladia, Kais Albalbissi, Timir Paul
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: In patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) who are high risk for surgery, a transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an emerged alternative procedure using transfemoral (TF) ...
Abstract 16236: Role of Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids in Syndrome X in Women
Authors: Nandita Gupta, Diana Rinkevich, Todd Belcik, Nabil Alkayed, Dennis Coop, Sanjiv Kaul
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Syndrome X in women is thought to be caused by coronary microvascular dysfunction. We hypothesized that this dysfunction is associated with low circulating plasma levels of of the arach...