tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Salvage chemotherapy in patients with extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: the Indiana University experience.
Authors: S B Saxman, C R Nichols, L H Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE Patients with relapsed extragonadal germ cell tumors (EGCT) are usually treated in an identical fashion as patients with recurrent testicular cancer. However, little is known about the long-term outcome in these patients and whether they have comparable results to patients with a testicular primary tumor. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of salvage chemotherapy on long-term survival in patients with EGCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective review of 73 patients with relapsed extragonadal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (GCTs) treated at Indiana University between 1976 and 1993. All patients received cisplatin-containing regimens as primary chemotherapy. RESULTS Only five of 73 patients (7%) were long-term disease-free survivors after salvage chemotherapy. The remaining 68 patients are either dead of disease or toxicity (n = 63), or alive with progressive disease (PD) (n = 5). Twenty-eight patients received high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow transplant (ABMT) at some point during their disease, and none of these patients are continuously disease-free. CONCLUSION Although similar salvage chemotherapy strategies will cure approximately 30% of patients with recurrent testicular cancer, new approaches are needed for EGCT.
High-dose DTIC in advanced soft-tissue sarcomas in the adult
Authors: J.M. Buesa, H.T. Mouridsen, A.T. van Oosterom, J. Verweij, T. Wagener, W. Steward, A. Poveda, P.M. Vestlev, D. Thomas, R. Sylvester
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1991)
Quality of life in patients awaiting lung transplantation and the correlation of functional capacity
Authors: Maria Ignez Feltrim, Andrei Rozanski, Camila Oliveira, Crisitna Martins, Leila Ferreira, Paulo Pego
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Patients awainting lung transplantation (LTx) have poor long-term survival rates and quality of life (QOL). The QOL decreases due to long waiting times, dyspnea and functional incapacity caused by deterioration lung function.

Aims: a) To study the QOL of patients awaiting LTX. b) To identify the association between QOL and functional variables in different lung disease diagnoses.

Methods: 170 patients were included. The health-related quality of life questionnaries, SF-36 and SGRQ, were applied. Exercise tolerance (6min walk test), lung function (FEV1,FVC), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) were also measured in the first year of the inclusion on the waiting list. One way-ANOVA and Pearson' correlation tests were applied to statistically significancy p<0.05.

Results: The patients were divided into the following groups: Bronchiectasis (BQ=48); Emphysema (E=37), Cystic Fibrosis (CF=47) and Pulmonary Fibrosis (PF=38). The CF was younger (24y.) and had lower BMI (18kg/m2). In all groups, the worst scores were in the domains Functional Capacity (25, 15,35 and 15 respectively) and Physical Aspects (0, 25, 25 and 0 respectively) on the SF-36. the highest scores were in the Emotional Aspects and Mental Health domains. On the SGRQ the worts scores for all gropus were in the Activities (84,92,72 and 87 respctively). QOL showed moderate, but significant correlation to the distance walked in the BQ (r=0,42 p=0,002) and FC (r=0,4 p=0,003) groups and to the lung function in the PF and E groups (FVC and FEV1, respectively).

Conclusion: This study indicates that patients awaiting LTx suffer severe functional impairment mainly related to their mobility.
Antitumor Immunity in Strain 2 Guinea Pigs Immunized With Potassium Chloride Extracts of L 2 C Tumor Cells 2
Authors: Donald P. Braun, James C. D. Hengst, Margalit B. Mokyr, Sheldon Dray
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Extracts of L2C tumor cells stimulated in vitro production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in peritoneal exudate cells from guinea pigs immunized with L2C tumor cells. Guinea pigs immunized with extracts of L2C tumor cells that were active in vitro (in the MIF assay) were completely resistant to challenge with viable tumor cells given 2 weeks later. Furthermore, guinea pigs immunized with extracts of L2C tumor cells within 1 hour after challenge with viable L2C tumor cells survived substantially longer than did nonimmunized controls. The immunoprotective and immunotherapeutic effects seen in guinea pigs given injections of viable L2C tumor cells were obtained with extracts of L2C tumor cells but not with extracts of another guinea pig tumor (line 10 hepatoma) or with extracts of normal guinea pig lymphoid cells.
In Vivo Suppression of EL 4 Lymphoma by Rabbit Antitumor Sera2
Authors: T. Ghose, A. Guclu, Jocelyn Faulkner, J. Tai
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

Three of more than 50 batches of rabbit antisera raised against the mouse EL 4 lymphoma could inhibit the growth of the tumor in the syngeneic C57BL/6J mice either after exposure of the tumor cells to the antitumor globulin (ATG) in vitro or after the administration of ATG in mice preinoculated with various numbers of EL 4 cells, even though the ATG was not cytotoxic to the tumor cells in the presence of complement. The outcome of immunotherapy with ATG in tumor-bearing C57BL/6J mice depended on the tumor load, the interval between tumor inoculation and the institution of therapy, the total dose, and the schedule of administration of ATG. Complete tumor suppression could be obtained in a proportion of mice preinoculated with 105 EL 4 cells, i.e., 104 times more than the minimum number of EL 4 cells necessary for 100% tumor takes. Whole-body irradiation (400 rads) or complement depletion of tumor host by cobra venom factor had no effect on tumor suppression by ATG. No evidence of immunity against the EL 4 lymphoma could be detected in EL 4-bearing mice that survived after serotherapy. Anti-EL 4 sera raised in goats and goat and rabbit antisera raised against a lymphoma in the AKR mice have, so far, failed to show any tumor inhibition.
Structure-Function Analyses of Thrombomodulin by Gene-Targeting in Mice: The Cytoplasmic Domain Is Not Required for Normal Fetal Development
Authors: Edward M. Conway, Saskia Pollefeyt, Jan Cornelissen, Inky DeBaere, Marta Steiner-Mosonyi, Jeffrey I. Weitz, Hartmut Weiler-Guettler, Peter Carmeliet, Désiré Collen
Journal: Blood (1999)
Early life risk factors for asthma in young adults in the Western Australian pregnancy cohort (Raine study)
Authors: Elisha White, Nicholas DeKlerk, Elysia Hollams, Patrick Holt, Peter Sly, Graham Hall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Early-life factors associated with adult asthma remain largely unexplored despite the significant health burden.

Aim: This study aimed to identify factors arising during infancy to adolescence associated with increased risk for asthma in early adulthood.

Methods: Participants completed questionnaires at the 23 year cohort follow-up and they, or their parents, completed similar questionnaires at early life (1,2,3 years), childhood (6,8,10 years), and adolescence (14 & 16 years). Current asthmatics were classified at age 23 if they reported Doctor diagnosed asthma and used asthma medication and had asthma symptoms in the past 12 months. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with current asthma. Nagelkerke R2 values were used to quantify the variance explained by different models at each age grouping.

Results: Completed questionnaires from 925 participants at age 23 were included. In early life the logistic regression model explained only 9% of variance in current asthma status, but increased to 20% in childhood, and reached 34% by adolescence. In early life, being in childcare or having rash, dermatitis or eczema reduced the risk of current asthma. In childhood, paternal hayfever doubled the risk of current asthma. In adolescence having a food allergy, allergic conjunctivitis or a sibling with asthma or eczema increased the risk but belonging to an exercise club reduced the risk.

Discussion: This study identified several early life factors significantly associated with current asthma at age 23. This could lead to early intervention and treatment of children at risk, to reduce the incidence and significant health burden of adult asthma.
Abstract 19466: Preliminary Experience Using Multiplexed Imaging of the Sympathetic Autonomic Nervous System - Impact on Outcome of Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Sabine Ernst, Francesca Menichetti, Rafael Baavour, Nathaniel Roth, Jamshed Bomanji, Simona Ben-Haim
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Catheter ablation of ganglionated plexi (GP) as an add on to pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has been reported to significantly improve outcome of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. In order to facilitate localization of these GPs, a novel imaging study is proposed, assessing the uptake of iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG, an analog of norepinephrine)in combination with 3D surface reconstruction from contrast computed tomography (cCT) or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Methods: A total of 8 patients (5 male, median age 58 yrs) underwent mIBG SPECT using a dedicated cardiac camera (D-SPECT, SUMO, Spectrum Dynamics). This data was merged with 3D CMR or cCT and finally imported into CARTO (Biosense Webster). Using the individual mediastinum uptake as a normalizing factor, high uptake sites in the epicardial fat pads around the left atrium (LA) were identified. Five patients had paroxysmal AF whilst 3 present in persistent (n=2) or longstanding persistent (n=1) AF. Only 3 patients were treated de-novo, with the remaining failing in median 2 previous ablation procedures. Invasively, high uptake sites were mapped using high frequency stimulation (HFS) to confirm GP locations, which were subsequently ablated. PV (re) isolation and CFAE ablation was performed as needed. Results: Both the mIBG and CT or CMR scans were performed without complications. Focal mIBG uptake sites corresponded to anatomical GP sites, but individual variations of additional GPs were observed. Using HFS stimulation, GP sites were confirmed, but exact localization was highly depending on accurate image registration. Median follow-up of 9.2 months with all PAF and persistent AF patients in SR (1 AT redo), while the long-standing AF relapsed. Conclusion: The combination of mIBG SPECT and 3D anatomical imaging (SUMO protocol) provides a novel type of “road map” for localizing GPs during AF ablation. GPs were variable in number and location and were invasively confirmed using high frequency stimulation. Addition of GP ablation to standard AF ablation strategies seems beneficial in patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF. Further studies in larger patient cohorts are needed to confirm these initial observations.
Vaccination and Risk for Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Case–Control and Cohort Studies
Authors: Guillaume Pineton de Chambrun, Luc Dauchet, Corinne Gower-Rousseau, Antoine Cortot, Jean-Frédéric Colombel, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2015)
Serum aminotransferase elevation during and following treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: A C Farrow, G R Buchanan, R J Zwiener, W P Bowman, N J Winick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE The clinical significance of methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatic toxicity in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is poorly defined. Therefore, we conducted a study to determine whether intensive MTX therapy could be safely delivered despite isolated serum ALT elevations in children with ALL. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 243 children with B-precursor ALL were treated with extended pulses of oral divided-dose MTX (dMTX). Serum ALT levels were measured approximately every 7 weeks during therapy, as well as after its cessation. By protocol design, treatment was continued without modification in the presence of ALT elevations if there was no other evidence of liver dysfunction. RESULTS Of 239 assessable patients, 159 (66.5%) had an ALT level &gt; or = 180 IU/L during therapy and 28 patients (17.6%) had one or more values &gt; or = 720 IU/L. After the completion of therapy, only 17 of 104 assessable patients have had one or more elevated ALT value. Eight of these 17 patients (47%) are hepatitis C virus (HCV)-seropositive. The remaining nine children had subsequent normal or near normal ALT values, and none have clinical evidence of liver disease. CONCLUSION Our data show that MTX can be safely delivered without dose modification in patients with isolated ALT elevations and that continued therapy does not lead to clinically apparent liver disease. ALT elevations are not a reliable predictor of the presence or extent of hepatic injury, and persistently increased ALT values following the completion of ALL therapy are rare in the absence of HCV infection. Continued MTX therapy allows for increased dose-intensity and may improve outcome in children with ALL.
An analysis of a short-lived outbreak of dengue fever in Mauritius
Authors: S K Ramchurn, K Moheeput, S S Goorah
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

During the month of June 2009, Mauritius experienced a short-lived outbreak of dengue fever localised in its capital city Port Louis. Aedes albopictus, a secondary vector of dengue viruses, was the probable vector. We introduce a method which combines Google Earth images, stochastic cellular automata and scale free network ideas to map this outbreak. The method could complement other techniques to forecast the evolution of potential localised mosquito-borne viral outbreaks in Mauritius and in at-risk locations elsewhere for public health planning purposes.
Leukemogenicity of Clonal Isolates of Murine Leukemia Viruses 2
Authors: Paul Jolicoeur, Naomi Rosenberg, Anne Cotellessa, David Baltimore
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

The leukemogenicity of three types of cloned, in vitro grown murine retroviruses was studied. Two Moloney virus clones caused leukemia, as did five clones of the B-tropic endogenous virus of BALB/c mice. Neither of two clones of Ntropic BALB/c virus caused leukemia in Fv-1n/n mice, and the viruses were not recoverable from the animals. The ability to induce leukemia therefore appeared to reside in the genome of at least certain nondefective murine retroviruses.
Stopping dialysis of an incompetent patient over the family's objection
Authors: R F Keating, A H Moss, M I Sorkin, J J Paris
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1994)

Decisions to stop dialysis or other life-sustaining treatments for incompetent patients are among the most difficult ethical problems faced by physicians and families. This observation is verified by the large number of court cases and the increasing frequency of ethics consultations on these issues. In such instances, in the absence of an advance directive, the usual practice for physicians is to turn to the patient's family for direction on whether to start, continue, or withdraw the treatment. They do so on the presumption that the family best represents the patient's interests. This presumption may not always be correct. A case is presented in which the family's insistence on continued dialysis was contrary to the patient's previously expressed wishes and the treating physician's assessment of the patient's best interests. It is asserted that, in such situations, after thorough conversation with the family, consultation, documentation, and an unsuccessful attempt to transfer the patient's care to another physician, nephrologists have an ethical obligation and legal right to override the family's decision and to stop dialysis. The ethical obligation is supported by the principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and nonmaleficence. The legal right is grounded in common law and state statutes.
Chromosome Evolution of Near-Haploid Clones in an Established Human Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Line (NALM-16)&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN4"&gt;4&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Sei-ichi Kohno, Jun Minowada, Avery A. Sandberg
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

Journal Article Chromosome Evolution of Near-Haploid Clones in an Established Human Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cell Line (NALM-16) Get access Sei-ichi Kohno, Sei-ichi Kohno 5Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, N.Y. 14263. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Jun Minowada, Jun Minowada 5Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, N.Y. 14263. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Avery A. Sandberg Avery A. Sandberg 6 5Roswell Park Memorial Institute, Buffalo, N.Y. 14263. 6Address reprint requests to: Dr. Sandberg, Roswell Park Memorial Institute, 666 Elm St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14263. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 64, Issue 3, March 1980, Pages 485–493, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/64.3.485 Published: 01 March 1980 Article history Received: 03 May 1979 Accepted: 27 July 1979 Published: 01 March 1980
Use of cytokines in the treatment of acute myelocytic leukemia: a critical review.
Authors: R B Geller
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE The colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) have been evaluated in patients with acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), both as potential priming agents and during and/or following induction chemotherapy to shorten the period of myelosuppression. The purpose of this review is to evaluate critically the safety and efficacy of the CSFs, primarily granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), in the treatment of patients with AML. METHODS All phase III trials that have either been presented or published that used CSFs during and/or following induction chemotherapy in patients with de novo AML are discussed. Relevant background information and future directions are also addressed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION There have been six phase III trials that used either GM-CSF or G-CSF in induction therapy in patients with AML. It is difficult to compare these trials due to differences in patient age, induction therapy administered, disease characteristics, whether leukemia response or documentation of marrow hypoplasia was required before cytokine use, and the different cytokines administered during the study. In particular, the timing of CSF administration in relation to the chemotherapy may be important due to the different biologic effects these agents may have on leukemia cells, such as leukemia cell recruitment. Most of these studies administered either GM-CSF or G-CSF before or during induction therapy, as well as following completion of chemotherapy until neutrophil recovery. Only one of six trials required documentation of marrow hypoplasia before CSF use. Despite these differences, administration of either GM-CSF or G-CSF was found to be safe without an increase in acute toxicity or an increase in relapse rates. In addition, most trials demonstrated a significant improvement in neutrophil recovery, with several trials demonstrating an improvement in complete remission and overall survival rates. Therefore, the use of selected CSFs may be of benefit following induction chemotherapy in those patients with AML who are at increased risk for early morbidity and mortality.
Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Clinicopathologic Study of 43 Patients From the Nebraska Lymphoma Study Group
Authors: Ashraf A. Abou-Elella, Dennis D. Weisenburger, Julie M. Vose, Jeffrey P. Kollath, James C. Lynch, Martin A. Bast, Philip J. Bierman, Timothy C. Greiner, Wing C. Chan, James O. Armitage
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: To investigate whether primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMLBL) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity with a more aggressive course than other diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: All patients with CD20-positive DLBL who presented with a mediastinal mass measuring at least 5.0 cm and were treated with curative intent were identified. A control group of 352 patients with nonmediastinal DLBL was selected for comparison. RESULTS: The 43 patients with PMLBL had a male to female ratio of 20:23 and a median age of 42 years. Stage I/II disease was present in 58% of the patients, with only 9% having bone marrow involvement. A complete remission was achieved in 63% of the patients, and the 5-year overall and failure-free survivals were 46% and 38%, respectively. Among the clinical variables, an elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase level, a low performance score, more than one extranodal site, and an intermediate or high International Prognostic Index score were predictive of poor survival. When compared with the DLBL group, a younger median age was the only clinical feature that was significantly different in the PMLBL group. CONCLUSION: The clinical features of PMLBL do not appear to be significantly different from those of nonmediastinal DLBL. Although the younger age of onset, slight female predominance, mediastinal location, and size of the mass may justify the recognition of PMLBL as a clinical syndrome, additional evidence is needed to define it as a distinct disease entity.
The “Hands-Off” Catheter and the Prevention of Systemic Infections Associated with Pulmonary Artery Catheter
Authors: YVES COHEN, JEAN P. FOSSE, PHILIPPE KAROUBI, JEANNE REBOUL-MARTY, DIDIER DREYFUSS, PHILIPPE HOANG, MICHEL CUPA
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

The Arrow “Hands-Off” thermodilution catheter (AHO) is completely shielded during balloon testing, preparation, and insertion. To assess the value of the AHO in the prevention of systemic infections associated with pulmonary artery catheterization (SIAPAC), we conducted a randomized prospective study over an 18-mo period. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups, of which one received the thermodilution catheter routinely used in our department and the other, the AHO catheter. The diagnosis of SIAPAC was based on recovery of the same organism from the thermodilution catheter (TC) and blood samples, absence of any other infectious focus, and improvement or resolution of clinical evidence of infection after removal of the TC. A total of 166 TCs were randomized in 150 patients. The two groups (mean ± SD) were comparable in terms of age, SAPS on admission (15.6 ± 5.2 versus 15.2 ± 6.2), SAPS on the day of catheter insertion (17.6 ± 4.8 versus 17.3 ± 5.8), duration of catheter insertion (22.8 ± 11.3 versus 25.3 ± 19.5 min), insertion site, hemodynamic status, duration of use of the TC (3.6 ± 1.3 versus 3.5 ± 1.5 d), and outcome. A total of eight cases of SIAPAC were diagnosed in the standard TC group, versus none in the AHO group (p < 0.002). No cases of SIAPAC occurred in those patients who had their TC for less than four days. This study demonstrates the value of the AHO for preventing systemic infections associated with prolonged pulmonary artery catheterization.