tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Health Status Among Survivors of Childhood Cancer: Does Sex Matter?
Authors: Gregory T. Armstrong, Charles A. Sklar, Melissa M. Hudson, Leslie L. Robison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Increasing numbers of children diagnosed with cancer will survive their primary malignancy. Within this growing population of long-term survivors, considerable effort has been put forth to identify treatment-related risks for adverse health-related outcomes, such as exposure to alkylating agents, anthracyclines, radiotherapy, and surgery. Patient sex has been identified as a risk factor for numerous long-term adverse outcomes, with female sex more commonly associated with higher risks. In this article, we review the literature, which generally supports associations between female sex and cognitive dysfunction after cranial irradiation, cardiovascular outcomes, obesity, radiation-associated differences in pubertal timing, development of primary hypothyroidism, breast cancer as a second malignant neoplasm and suggests an increased prevalence for the development of osteonecrosis among females. Results of this review support future investigations to further define sex as a risk factor for other common treatment-specific exposures and outcomes. Additionally, research should focus on understanding the underlying biologic and physiological basis of these sex-specific risks. Historically, evidence from both basic science and clinical research has been used to develop risk-stratified therapy, allowing reduction of toxic therapies to low-risk patients without compromising overall survival. With greater knowledge of sex-specific risks, the potential application of sex-specific therapy designed to avoid poor long-term adverse outcomes may become a viable strategy.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Optimal Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: A Randomized, Controlled Trial”
Authors: Seung-Jung Park, Cheol Whan Lee, Jung-Min Ahn, Duk-Woo Park, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Young-Hak Kim, Seong-Wook Park, Seungbong Han, Sang-Gon Lee, In-Whan Seong, Seung-Woon Rha, Myung-Ho Jeong, Do-Sun Lim, Jung-Han Yoon, Seung-Ho Hur, Yun-Seok Choi, Joo-Young Yang, Nae-Hee Lee, Hyun-Sook Kim, Bong-Ki Lee, Kee-Sik Kim, Seung-Uk Lee, Jei-Keon Chae, Sang-Sig Cheong, Il-woo Suh, Hun-Sik Park, Deuk-Young Nah, Doo-Soo Jeon, Ki-Bae Seung, Keun Lee, Jae-Sik Jang
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Report of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Special Emphasis Panel on Heart Failure Research
Authors: Jay N. Cohn, Michael R. Bristow, Kenneth R. Chien, Wilson S. Colucci, O. Howard Frazier, Leslie A. Leinwand, Beverly H. Lorell, Arthur J. Moss, Edmund H. Sonnenblick, Richard A. Walsh, Stephen C. Mockrin, Leslie Reinlib
Journal: Circulation (1997)

The SEP identified priorities to support in future basic and clinical research and pointed out directions likely to result in advances against heart failure. The list is not intended to be all-encompassing and does not address, for example, exciting lines of work already under way. Rather, the recommendations are designed to point out gaps in current knowledge not being adequately addressed and highly promising new directions. Although the incidence of heart failure continues to grow, emerging lines of research provide hope that research advances will eventually lead to more effective treatment and ultimately to prevention. This research will be well served by bringing the latest multidisciplinary approaches and the best investigators to focus on the problems of heart failure. It is hoped the efforts of distinguished expert entities such as the task force and SEP will be a useful guide in addressing the needs of the biomedical community and assisting in its success.
Direct evidence for the importance of endothelium-derived nitric oxide in vascular remodeling.
Authors: R D Rudic, E G Shesely, N Maeda, O Smithies, S S Segal, W C Sessa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

The vascular endothelium mediates the ability of blood vessels to alter their architecture in response to hemodynamic changes; however, the specific endothelial-derived factors that are responsible for vascular remodeling are poorly understood. Here we show that endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) is a major endothelial-derived mediator controlling vascular remodeling. In response to external carotid artery ligation, mice with targeted disruption of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene (eNOS) did not remodel their ipsilateral common carotid arteries whereas wild-type mice did. Rather, the eNOS mutant mice displayed a paradoxical increase in wall thickness accompanied by a hyperplastic response of the arterial wall. These findings demonstrate a critical role for endogenous NO as a negative regulator of vascular smooth muscle proliferation in response to a remodeling stimulus. Furthermore, our data suggests that a primary defect in the NOS/NO pathway can promote abnormal remodeling and may facilitate pathological changes in vessel wall morphology associated with complex diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis.
Abstract 4233: Protolimonoids potently suppress mitochondrial respiration and disrupt protein translation in breast tumor cells
Authors: Yu-Dong Zhou, Jun Li, Fakhri Mahdi, Lin Du, Sandipan Datta, Dale G. Nagle
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hypoxia (decreased oxygen tension) is a common feature of solid tumors and represents an obstacle for cancer treatment. The transcription factor hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) has emerged as an important molecular target for antitumor hypoxia drug discovery. A natural product chemistry-based approach was utilized to identify small-molecule HIF-1 inhibitors. Over 20,000 extracts of plants and marine organisms were evaluated for HIF-1 inhibitory activities. An active extract of the sacred medicinal Bael Tree (Aegle marmelos) trunk bark was subjected to bioassay-guided isolation and de-replication-based structure elucidation yielded two known protolimonoids skimmiarepin A (1) and C (2). Compounds 1 and 2 inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1 activation in a human breast tumor T47D cell-based reporter assay (IC50 values 0.063 and 0.068 μM, respectively). The hypoxic induction of HIF-1 target genes GLUT-1 and VEGF were also inhibited by 1 and 2. Mechanistic investigation revealed that 1 and 2 suppressed HIF-1 activation by blocking the accumulation of nuclear HIF-1α protein under hypoxic conditions. To test the hypothesis that these protolimonoids may interfere with hypoxic signaling by disrupting mitochondrial function, the effects of 1 and 2 on cellular respiration were examined. Both compounds inhibited T47D cell respiration at the range of concentrations that inhibited hypoxic HIF-1 activation. Compound 1 suppressed mitochondrial electron transport chain at complex I (NADH dehydrogenase). Under experimental conditions, neither 1 nor rotenone (positive control for complex I inhibitor) decreased cellular ATP content following a two-day exposure. However, rotenone and 1 suppressed cellular signaling pathways that control protein translation. While it is commonly believed that the antitumor activity of mitochondrial inhibitors is a consequence of their ability to inhibit cellular ATP production, the disruption of protein translation appears to constitute an important mechanism by which mitochondrial inhibitors obstruct tumor cell proliferation. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4233. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4233
Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Emphysema.
Authors: David E. Dines
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1970Spontaneous Pneumothorax in Emphysema.David E. Dines, M.D., F.A.C.P., O. Theron Clagett, M.D., W. Spencer Payne, M.D.David E. Dines, M.D., F.A.C.P., O. Theron Clagett, M.D., W. Spencer Payne, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-72-5-809_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptEmphysema has been reported to be the cause of pneumothorax in 10% of a large series of patients presenting with spontaneous pneumothorax. Certain pulmonary parenchymal conditions with honeycombing (histiocytosis X, pneumoconiosis, scleroderma, and diffuse interstitial fibrosis) do predispose to spontaneous pneumothorax, but in our experience emphysema by itself does not. In the 10-year period from January 1959 through September 1969, 22,000 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were examined and treated at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Of these, 110 presented with spontaneous pneumothorax, a prevalence of only 0.5%. Although spontaneous pneumothorax is not a common complication in emphysema, it... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: David E. Dines, M.D., F.A.C.P.; O. Theron Clagett, M.D.; W. Spencer Payne, M.D.Affiliations: Rochester, Minn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRequirement of interventional treatment in a patient being conservatively managed for persistent pneumothorax over a prolonged periodSpontaneous pneumothorax in paracoccidioidomycosis patients from an endemic area in Midwestern Brazil 1 May 1970Volume 72, Issue 5Page: 809-809KeywordsChronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseEmphysemaPneumoconiosesPulmonary fibrosisScleroderma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1970 PDF downloadLoading ...
Peanut Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) Induces Epitope-Specific Isotype Shift From IgE to IgG4
Authors: B.P. Vickery, J. Lin, M. Kulis, P.H. Steele, S.M. Jones, L. Bardina, H.A. Sampson, A.W. Burks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Insurance and the Presymptomatic Diagnosis of Delayed-Onset Disease-Reply
Authors: Jason Brandt
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  We read, with interest, the article by Brandt et al 1 in which they described the preliminary  of their predictive testing program for Huntington's disease. We agree that presymptomatic diagnosis of a neurodegenerative disorder, for which no effective treatment is available, raises a number of ethical and social issues. However, we are concerned that the statement  may well be advised to be cautious about disclosing either their participation in testing or test results may be interpreted by insurance companies as encouraging individuals to withhold information. In addition, the authors are worried about insurance companies discriminating against individuals based on the  of genetic tests.  Any discussion of life insurance in relation to predictive tests must take account of reality, and whether we like it or not, insurance companies believe in discrimination. They assign individuals to a group; the members of that group have approximately
RADIUM EMANATIONS IN EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER—BLOOD VESSELS OF ADENOMAS OF THYROID
Authors: WALLACE I. TERRY
Journal: JAMA (1922)

The subjects which I desire to offer relate to the thyroid gland. There are many problems connected with goiter which are not yet settled, and if I can add anything to our existing knowledge I shall feel greatly repaid. <h3>FURTHER REPORT ON THE USE OF RADIUM EMANATIONS IN EXOPHTHALMIC GOITER</h3> InThe Journal, a year ago,<sup>1</sup>I made a brief report on the use of radium emanations in the treatment of exophthalmic goiter, based on eleven cases. Since then twenty-two additional cases have been treated by my associates and myself at the University of California Hospital, making a total of thirty-three. Only patients suffering from an extreme degree of hyperthyroidism, due to hyperplasia of the thyroid—the true exophthalmic goiters—have been subjected to this form of treatment, and only with the idea of converting them into better risks for major surgical procedures. We have endeavored to make the technic of
Modern management of respiratory failure due to pulmonary mycoses following allogeneic hematopoietic stem‐cell transplantation
Authors: Michael Koldehoff, Johames L. Zakrzewski
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

Abstract Pulmonary mycoses count among the most dangerous complications in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Despite the establishment of antifungal chemoprophylaxis and empirical antifungal treatment, they frequently lead to respiratory failure and are still associated with an extraordinarily poor prognosis. However, the emergence of new antimycotics with alternative mechanisms of actions and decreased toxicity in combination with the development of new non culture‐based diagnostic techniques may allow earlier, more aggressive and more effective antifungal treatment approaches. In addition, the optimized use of new technologies designed to augment spontaneous breathing efforts by patients, mechanical ventilation, as well as the advantages of early tracheostomy lead us to expect better outcomes in the treatment of respiratory failure due to pulmonary mycoses following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Am. J. Hematol. 79:158–163, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Characterisation of antibodies to insulin to help diagnose factitious hypoglycaemia.
Authors: I Roberts, H Cohen, W G Reeves
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Time after administration (min) Mean (SEM) plasma concentrations of calcitonin (above) and ionised calcium (below) after (left) intravenous ( C---C) and intranasal (-*) administration of calcitonin 500 Hcg to six healthy subjects and (right) intranasal administration of human calcitonin 500 Mug (A) and 1000 ug (.) to four healthy subjects.p Values for time after administration v 0 min: *<0-02; **<0-01.Conversion: SI to traditional units-Calcium: 1 mmol 1 4 mg/l00 ml.500 Mg, exerted the same effect on plasma calcium concentrations whether administered intravenously or intranasally, this despite the plasma calcitonin concentration being higher after intravenous than after intranasal administration.If we consider in addition that when doses of 500 and 1000 Mg calcitonin were used the decrease in the plasma calcium concentration was the same we must assume that in man no strict relation exists between plasma concentrations of calcitonin and calcium; alternatively, it might be suggested that the doses used in this study were always maximally effective.Calcitonin has gained popularity in the treatment of Paget's disease of the skeleton, osteoporosis, intractable osseous pain from metastases, and hypercalcaemia, although its use in these indications is debatable and of unconfirmed value.Our study indicates that calcitonin may be given intranasally under the same or other circumstances.Further improvements in the bioavailability and metabolic efficacy of intranasally administered calcitonin may be expected with the use of aerosols, which ensure that a greater surface area of the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa is reached by the active drug.1 Schrier RW, Leaf A. Effect of hormones on water, sodium, chloride and potassium metabolism.
P5-14-27: Prognostic Factors of Node-Negative, High Risk and 1–3 Positive Lymph Nodes Breast Cancer by Intrinsic Subtype in Patients with Adjuvant Chemotherapy.
Authors: Y Kojima, K Hashimoto, K Harano, C Shimizu, M Yunokawa, K Yonemori, K Tamura, N Katsumata, M Ando, T Kinoshita, Y Fujiwara
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: St. Gallen 2007 categorized high risk, node-negative breast cancer (HNBC) and 1–3 lymph nodes positive BC (LNBC) without HER2 overexpression as intermediate risk. We hypothesized that triple negative BC (TNBC) and hormone-receptor positive without HER2 overexpression (H-BC) in intermediate risk have different prognostic factor in patients with adjuvant chemotherapy (AdC). Methods: We examined disease-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of TNBC and H-BC with regard to potential prognostic factors. All the patients included in this study were categorized intermediate risk by St.Gallen 2007 and received AdC. Results: A total of 470 patients were identified; H-BC (n=360) and TNBC (n=110). Age (&amp;lt;35) was significantly associated with DFS in TNBC while it was not in H-BC (p=0.0.1 and p=0.63, respectively). Tumor size (&amp;gt;2cm) and tumor grade related to DFS in H-BC but not in TNBC. Tumor grade was not associated with DFS in both H-BC and TNBC (p=0.64 and p=0.91, respectively). Lymph node metastasis was a significant factor of DFS only for H-BC (p=0.009 and p=0.19). Conclusions: In TNBC, age was only a significant factor associated with DFS while in H-BC, lymph node status and tumor size rather age related to DFS. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-14-27.
Massachusetts Medical Society
Authors: John F. Conlin, David L. Belding, Milton J. Quinn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1949)

A STATED meeting of the Council was called to order by the president, Dr. Daniel B. Reardon, Norfolk South, on Wednesday, February 2, 1949, at 10:30 a.m. in John Ware Hall, 8 Fenway, Boston.Two hundred and thirty-four councilors (Appendix No. 1) were present.The President then announced the following appointments: To the Section on Pathology and Physiology: Dr. Monroe J. Schlesinger, Chairman. Dr. Donald A. Nickerson, Secretary. To the Council: Dr. Joseph P. Marnanc, Worcester North. To the Committee to Meet with the Officers of the Bay State Medical Rehabilitation Clinic: Dr. Alexander P. Aitken.The President asked for . . .
Protein aggregation in disease: a role for folding intermediates forming specific multimeric interactions
Authors: Arthur Horwich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

For many decades, clinicians have been aware of the formation of insoluble protein aggregates in particular diseases. For example, in sickle cell disease, the polymerization of sickle hemoglobin into fibrils in the deoxygenating environment of the microvasculature causes sickling of red cells and vaso-occlusion (1). In the most common form of α1-antitrypsin deficiency (see Perlmutter, this Perspective series, ref. 2), the presence of α1-antitrypsin inclusions in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes is associated with deficient release of the enzyme into the circulation, placing both the inclusion-laden liver and the antitrypsin-deficient lung at risk for damage (3). In Alzheimer disease (see Selkoe, this series, ref. 4), the presence in the CNS of β-amyloid–containing plaques is associated with neurodegeneration and dementia (5). Similarly, other neurodegenerative diseases have recently been discovered to involve protein aggregation. For example, prion diseases such as Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy are associated with amyloid deposits of the PrP protein (6). Polyglutamine repeat diseases such as Huntington disease are likewise associated with neuronal cytosolic and intranuclear inclusions (7). These inclusions are composed of fibrils that stain similarly to amyloid (8). Finally, in Parkinson disease, inclusions known as Lewy bodies, found in the cytoplasm of cells of the basal ganglia, include amyloid-like aggregates of the protein α-synuclein (9, 10).
Lack of relationship between in vitro cell measurements and response to busulfan in chronic myelocytic leukemia
Authors: Jeffrey Kirshner, Harvey D. Preisler, Azra Raza
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract Twenty‐three patients with chronic‐phase CML have been treated with intermittent courses of busulfan to determine if the duration of unmaintained remission becomes progressively shorter with successive courses of therapy and to determine whether there was a relationship between cluster and colony formation, suicide index of CFUc, labeling index, percentage of cells in S‐phase (as determined by cytofluoro‐graphic DNA histogram analysis), in vitro sensitivity of the CFUc to busulfan, and response to busulfan therapy. Serial studies in individual patients and the group as a whole revealed no relationship between changes in the cellular parameters described above and response to busulfan. The white blood cell (WBC) doubling time with serial courses of busulfan in individual patients did not always progressively decrease as has been previously reported. In vitro studies of CFUc in chronic‐phase CML appear to be of no value in predicting response to busulfan.
Altered Fates: Gene Therapy and the Retooling of Human Life
Authors: Michael A. Schmidt
Journal: JAMA (1996)

In July 1995, a professor specializing in patent law told a National Institutes of Health (NIH) panel on gene therapy that the "growing grubby group of patent seekers" may have gone too far. This statement reflects such events as a California biotechnology company filing patent applications covering more than 100000 partial genes that it has identified. It may also be associated with the NIH effort to patent thousands of human DNA fragments discovered by government researchers. The Clinton administration subsequently withdrew requests for 6869 of these DNA fragments in 1994. The US Patent Office has now declared that one cannot patent human beings or human genes, since they are a phenomenon of nature and not man-made. If you're curious about the molecular biology, politics, institutional antics, and reality of human nature,<i>Altered Fates</i>is a must on your to-read list. It is written by two Pulitzer Prize—winning journalists for the
Health department took too long to act on reducing inequalities, MPs say
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Department of Health in England has been slow to encourage the NHS to adopt measures to reduce health inequalities and missed an opportunity to boost the number of doctors working in deprived areas when it revised the GP contract, says a parliamentary report published on Tuesday 2 November. It also calls for the new GP commissioning groups to be more accountable for measures to cut inequalities.

The House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts, a cross party group of MPs that examines public spending, looked into why the health department has failed to reach the target set by the government in 2007 of reducing the gap in life expectancy between 70 “spearhead” local authorities with high deprivation and the population as a whole by 10% by 2010.

Although life expectancy in the whole population has risen, the gap between the national average and the spearhead areas has widened by 7% for men …
Fecal incontinence treated with percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy
Authors: J. Lykke, M. Hansen, S. Meisner
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Fecal incontinence is a socially devastating disorder in adults [1] [2]. We report here a case in which percutaneous endoscopic cecostomy (PEC) was carried out for antegrade colon irrigation in a patient with fecal incontinence.
Necrotic Reactions to Applied Medicaments
Authors: D. S. Wilkinson, Etain Cronin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1972)

Journal Article Necrotic Reactions to Applied Medicaments Get access D. S. Wilkinson, D. S. Wilkinson Wycombe General Hospital High Wycombe Bucks Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Etain Cronin Etain Cronin St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin Lisle Street London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 87, Issue 4, 1 October 1972, Pages 400–402, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1972.tb07436.x Published: 01 October 1972
Smoking and subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Authors: B A Bell, L Symon
Journal: BMJ (1979)

A retrospective study of 208 patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms showed a highly significant excess of cigarette smokers among both men and women compared with the expected incidence. Results suggested that continued smoking increases the risk of suffering a subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) by a factor of 3.9 for men and 3.7 for women. Other factors besides smoking must affect the genesis of aneurysmal SAH since it is found in non-smokers, but continued cigarette smoking appears to increase substantially the risk of aneurysmal SAH occurring.