tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16481: Elevating Hdl Levels in Mice Prevents Age-Induced Decline of Endurance Capacity by Promoting Glycolysis and Lipolysis
Authors: Susanna Hofmann, Elizabeth Donelan, Maarit Lehti, Kirk Habegger, Ranasinghe Silva, Sean Davidson, Matthias Tschoep
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Abnormal glucose metabolism is a central feature of disorders associated with increased rates of cardio-vascular disease (CVD). One of the strongest predictors of CVD in the metabolic syndrome is a...
Abstract 2711: Mid-Term Efficacy of Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair: A Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiographpic Study in an Ovine Model
Authors: Shota Fukuda, A. Marc Gillinov, John R Liddicoat, Giuseppe Saracino, Motoya Hayase, Marc Ruel, William E Cohn, Christopher W Schneider, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background. Percutaneous catheter-based mitral annuloplasty (PTMA) is a newly-developed technique that exploits the anatomic proximity of the coronary sinus (CS) to the mitral valve apparatus. Dura...
Abstract 10944: Increased Left Atrial Volume Index Predicts Poor Prognosis In Heart Failure Patients With Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Harutoshi Tamura, Tetsu Watanabe, Satoshi Nishiyama, Shintaro Sasaki, Masahiro Wanezaki, Takanori Arimoto, Hiroki Takahashi, Tetsuro Shishido, Takehiko Miyashita, Takuya Miyamoto, Joji Nitobe, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Recently, it was reported that the prevalence of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has increased. They showed that the mortality of HFpEF was similar to that of patients with reduced ejection fraction. However, certain echocardiographic parameter predicting prognosis of HFpEF remains to be determined. We examined whether increased left atrial volume index (LAVI) can predict poor prognosis in patients with HFpEF. We performed transthoracic echocardiography in 97 consecutive patients with HFpEF (EF = 50%) hospitalized for heart failure (male/female=47/50, 75 ± 9 years old). LA volume was calculated by the biplane area-length Methods from apical 4- and 2-chamber views at end systolic phase. There were 34 cardiac events (35%) including cardiac death or rehospitalization for HF during a median follow-up period of 400 days (range 17 – 990 days). There were no significant differences in age, the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF), and EF between patients with and without cardiac events. ...
Impact of Primary Coronary Angioplasty Delay on Myocardial Salvage, Infarct Size, and Microvascular Damage in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Marco Francone, Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci, Iacopo Carbone, Emanuele Canali, Raffaele Scardala, Francesca A. Calabrese, Gennaro Sardella, Massimo Mancone, Carlo Catalano, Francesco Fedele, Roberto Passariello, Jan Bogaert, Luciano Agati
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Abstract 1696: Compound RVX-208 Modulates HDL-C Levels and Function in Non-human Primates and in Early (phase I) Human Trials
Authors: Larbi Krimbou, Ravi Jahagirdar, Dana Bailey, Anouar Hafiane, Isabelle Ruel, Norman Wong, Gregory S Wagner, Fabrizio Chiacchia, Allan Gordon, Henrik C Hansen, Jan Johansson, Jacques Genest
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The novel compound RVX-208 is a small molecule that upregulates the gene expression of apoA-I and raises HDL-C in non-human primates. Here, we examined the effects of oral administration of RVX-208 on serum apoA-I and HDL-C levels , HDL size distribution, and HDL function. African green monkeys received RVX-208 (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg; twice daily and 60 mg/kg; once daily) or vehicle control for 28, 42, and 63 days. We report that RVX-208 chronic treatment resulted in a highly significant increase in the average of serum apoA-I and HDL-C levels (57% and 92%, respectively). Interestingly, RVX-208 treatment modified the distribution of HDL particle size causing a significant increase in preβ1-LpA-I and larger α1-LpA-I species. The ability of serum to promote cholesterol efflux via ABCA1, ABCG1 or SR-BI-dependent pathways in a cell culture model was significantly increased by RVX-208. The phase Ia safety and pharmacokinetic human study comprised of a total of 80 subjects. In the multiple ascending dose arm, 24 participants were randomly assigned to 3 cohorts of 8 healthy volunteers (6 active and 2 placebo), and received oral administration of RVX-208 at 2, 3 and 8 mg/kg per day or placebo for 7 days. The compound was well tolerated and had good oral absorption meeting the objectives of safety and pharmacokinetics. ApoA-I, HDL-C, HDL size distribution and ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux were assessed at days 1 (predose) and 7. The percent change from baseline to day 7 for apoA-I was 11% higher (P = 0.03) in the RVX-208 treated participants compared to placebo. Interestingly, preβ1-LpA-I change was 30% (P = 0.02) higher in the actively treated group and was found to strongly correlate with increased apoA-I levels (R2 = 0.72). Furthermore, ABCA1-dependent cholesterol efflux change was 10% higher (P = 0.03) and was found to correlate with increased preβ1-LpA-I . Taken together, these pharmacodynamic data from human healthy volunteers show consistent trends in apoA-I production and HDL functionality, supporting the findings in the African green monkey. Further investigation of the effect of RVX-208 on the HDL metabolic pathway is ongoing in humans and animals to establish the mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential in treating atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Abstract 2296: Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Hereditary Heart Disease
Authors: Toru Egashira, Shinsuke Yuasa, Yohei Ohno, Tomohisa Seki, Hisayuki Hashimoto, Shogo Toyama, Sung H Yoon, Chen Hao, Tomofumi Tanaka, Fumiyuki Hattori, Kojiro Yae, Mitsushige Murata, Satoshi Ogawa, Keiichi Fukuda
Journal: Circulation (2009)

[Background] We recently reported that human induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells can be induced to differentiate into cardiomyocytes, and characterized their phenotype. Future investigation of hum...
Abstract 11182: Novel Tlr7 and Tlr9 Dual Antagonist Lowers Cholesterol in Hyperlipidemic Mice Through Il-10-Mediated Activation of Lxr and Increased Fecal Neutral Sterol Loss
Authors: Fu-Gang Zhu, Weiwen Jiang, Paolo Uva, Wieslawa Mentzen, Michael Reardon, Dong Yu, Ekambar R Kandimalla, Nicola La Monica, Sudhir Agrawal
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Hyperlipidemia is characterized by abnormal or elevated lipids and/or lipoproteins levels in the blood. Elevated lipids levels have been observed in autoimmune diseases, such as lupus, rheumatoid a...
Abstract 565: Antiarrhythmic Cx43 up-regulation by radiation in rabbit
Authors: Mari Amino, Koichiro Yoshioka, Atsushi Matsuzaki, Teruhisa Tanabe, Etsuro Tanaka, Hidezo Mori, Yoshiya Furusawa, Wojciech Zareba, Haruo Honjo, Masatoshi Yamazaki, Harumichi Nakagawa, Kenji Yasui, Itsuo Kodama
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Objective: Radiation has been shown to enhance intercellular communication in the skin and lungs through an increase of connexin43 (Cx43) expression. If analogous Cx43 up-regulation is induced in the diseased heart, it would provide a new perspective in radiation therapy for arrhythmias. The aim of the present study is to test this hypothesis. Methods: Non-transmural myocardial infarction (MI) was created in 24 rabbits by microsphere injection into the coronary arteries. Twenty-four rabbits without MI were used as controls. Targeted external heavy ion beam irradiation (THIR; 15 Gy) was applied 2 weeks after MI with an accelerator (HIMAC, Chiba, Japan). Results: The THIR was associated with an increase of Cx43 mRNA and protein levels in the left ventricle in control as well as in MI rabbits. In MI hearts, immunoreactive Cx43 signals were reduced in the peri-infarct zone, and the reduction was reversed by THIR. In vivo epicardial potential mapping on the free wall (64 unipolar electrodes to cover 7×7 mm) in MI hearts revealed reduced conduction velocity, whereas total dispersion of the activation-recovery interval (ARI) was increased compared with controls, and these changes were reversed by THIR. The vulnerability for VT/VF, which was estimated by programmed stimulation, was increased in MI hearts, and this increased vulnerability to arrhythmias was reversed by THIR. Conclusions: THIR increases Cx43 expression, improves the conductivity, decreases the spatial heterogeneity of repolarization, and reduces the vulnerability of rabbit hearts to ventricular arrhythmias after MI. THIR could have an antiarrhythmic potential through an improvement of electrical coupling.
Abstract 1065: A New Method for Stem Cell Imaging Using Contrast Ultrasound
Authors: Wenjin Cui, Xucai Chen, Jianjun Wang, Andrew Fisher, Kang Kim, Andrew Carson, Oliver D Kripfgans, Kevin J Haworth, William R Wagner, Flordeliza S Villanueva
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background : Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising new cardiac reparative therapy. The distribution of delivered MSCs is poorly understood due to limited methods to track them in vivo . To test the hypothesis that ultrasound can detect MSCs, gas-filled microbubbles (MBs) were developed for MSC uptake. Methods : Perfluorocarbon gas-filled MBs were synthesized from a biodegradable polymer. Cultured rat and human bone-marrow derived MSCs were dwelled with MBs (12 hrs), washed, and suspended in medium. MSC uptake of MBs and MB retention of gas were confirmed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and density centrifugation. Spectral analysis of free MB response to up to 10MHz ultrasound was performed. 2nd harmonic and contrast pulse sequence (CPS) 2D echo imaging (7MHz) of MB-labeled and unlabeled MSCs was performed at a mechanical index (MI) 0.3 and 1.9. Videointensity was measured in 200 frames/capture. Results: Frequency spectra of free MBs contained 2nd and 3rd harmonics, indicating MB non-linearity. TEM showed MBs within MSCs (Figure ). By density centrifugation, MSCs with MBs were less dense than MSCs alone, confirming intracellular MB gas retention. Videointensity (gray scale units) of MSCs containing MBs vs MSCs alone was higher at both low MI (35±2 vs 0±0 harmonic, p&lt;0.005; 21±2 vs 15±0 CPS, p&lt;0.005), and high MI (14±2 vs 6±1 harmonic, p&lt;0.005; 6±2 vs 0±0 CPS, p&lt;0.005). Conclusions : Our acoustically active polymer MBs are internalized by MSCs and render them detectable with ultrasound. Because the polymer degrades slowly, this approach may permit serial non-invasive in vivo ultrasound imaging of MSC fate, thus facilitating optimization of cell therapy strategies.
Safety and Efficacy of Ruxolitinib Retreatment after Treatment Interruption in Patients Enrolled in an Open-Label, Multicenter, Expanded-Access Study in Myelofibrosis
Authors: Vikas Gupta, Renato S Tavares, Martin Griesshammer, Lynda M Foltz, Pia Raanani, Pilar Giraldo, Haifa Kathrin Al-Ali, Bruno Martino, Bayane Tannir, Julian Perez Ronco, Jagannath Ghosh, Alessandro M. Vannucchi
Journal: Blood (2014)
Mesenteric fibromatosis. Case report.
Authors: A. Giuliani, M. Demoro, A. Ciardi, M. Scimò, F. Galati, M. T. Lonardo, Gaspare Galati
Journal: Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research (2007)

Deep fibromatosis is a rare locally aggressive but not metastasizing proliferation. Intra-abdominal fibromatosis (IAF) occurs either in association with Gardner's syndrome or as a sporadic event and presents in most cases differential diagnostic problems with myofibroblastic or fibroblastic tumors, characterized by a more aggressive biological behaviour such as gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). In absence of loco-regional and/or distant metastasis differential diagnosis may be difficult and represents a topical issue, since it influences treatment choice. We describe the case of a patient with sporadic IAF in which the tumor locally involved the mesentery and presented no loco-regional and distant spread. On histology, some morphological features of the neoplasm were in common with a GIST. Definitive diagnosis was made, postoperatively, on the basis of immunohistochemical findings.
Abstract 13154: Benefit Of Exercise Training Independent Of Heart Failure Severity: The HF-action Experience
Authors: David J Whellan, Anil Nigam, Aijing Z Starr, James A Hill, Gerald Fletcher, Lawton S Cooper, Anekwe Onwuanyi, Arthur B Chandler, Steven J Keteyian, Gregory A Ewald, Andrew Kao, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION) Study identified a modest benefit of exercise training (ET) in HF subjects. We undertook this post-hoc analysis to evaluate if there was a differential effect of ET based on HF severity. Methods: HF-ACTION was a randomized controlled trial evaluating the impact of ET relative to usual care (UC) alone in patients with LV function ≤ 35% treated with evidence-based HF medical therapy. This analysis uses three criteria for severity: risk score derived from a predictive model based on HF ACTION data, NYHA class and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) duration. Primary analysis used the risk score. To test impact of treatment on endpoints among different severity groups, the interaction between treatment and severity variable was examined in a survival model (unadjusted). The outcomes evaluated were all-cause mortality or all-cause hospitalization (primary), cardiovascular (CV) mortality or CV hospitaliz...
Abstract 2443: Use of Iloprost on the Pulmonary Vascular Reactivity in Pediatric Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Secondary to Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Marites Flores, Virgina Mappala, Jhuliet Balderas, Ma. Lourdes Casas, Wilberto Lopez
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Knowledge of the pulmonary vasoreactivity to pharmacologic challenge during acute hemodynamic studies in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension secondary to congenital left-to-righ...
Abstract 5096: Early versus Late Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy and Arterial Stiffness in HIV Infection
Authors: Jennifer E Ho, Steven G Deeks, Frederick M Hecht, Yu Xie, Amanda Schnell, Jeffrey N Martin, Peter Ganz, Priscilla Y Hsue
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: HIV infection is associated with increased rates of cardiovascular disease. Assessment of arterial stiffness via pulse wave velocity (PWV) is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk, and prior studies have shown that HIV-infected patients have higher stiffness compared to controls. Current guidelines recommend initiation of antiretroviral therapy at a CD4 T cell count of 350 cells/ul. Whether earlier initiation of HIV therapy has any effect on cardiovascular risk as assessed by PWV is unknown. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 81 HIV-infected men who were antiretroviral-treated with undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels. Subjects underwent noninvasive assessment of PWV using the SphygmoCor System (AtCor Medical, Australia). A generalized linear model was used to determine the relationship between traditional cardiovascular risk factors, HIV-related predictors, and arterial stiffness as measured by PWV. Results: The median age was 47 years (IQR 43–54), 36% had a history of hypertension, and 46% had hypercholesterolemia. The median current CD4 T cell count was 539 cells/ul (IQR 324 –736), and nadir CD4 count was 180 cells/ul (IQR 29 –311). The median PWV was 5.3 m/s (IQR 4.9 – 6.2). In unadjusted analyses, age, diabetes, current CD4 count and nadir CD4 count &lt;350 were predictors of PWV (all p &lt;0.05). After adjusting for both traditional cardiovascular risk factors (age, systolic and diastolic BP, hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, smoking) and HIV-related covariates, a nadir CD4 count &lt;350 remained independently associated with a 0.58 m/s increase in PWV (95% CI 0.15–1.01, p&lt;0.008). Other significant determinants of PWV in multivariate analyses included age, systolic and diastolic BP, and diabetes. Of note, neither duration of antiretroviral therapy nor exposure to protease inhibitors was associated with degree of arterial stiffness. Conclusions: Among treated HIV-infected individuals, higher PWV is independently associated with both traditional cardiovascular risk factors including age and diabetes, as well as low nadir CD4 count. Our data support the concept that initiation of antiretroviral therapy before low CD4 counts occur may reduce cardiovascular risk among individuals with HIV infection.
Trichinellosis outbreak in Lithuania, Ukmerge region, June 2009
Authors: A Bartuliene, R Liausediene, V Motiejuniene
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

An outbreak of trichinellosis due to wild boar meat was detected in Lithuania in June 2009. The outbreak affected 107 people all of whom had consumed sausages made of wild boar meat. Inspection of food samples confirmed the presence of Trichinella larvae in the meat.
Abstract 10424: Prospective Motion Correction for Intra-cardiac MRI Using a Tetrahedron-shaped Array of MR-tracking Coils
Authors: Lei Qin, Ehud J Schmidt, W.Scott Hoge, Juan Santos, Clare Tempany-Afdhal, Kim Butts-Pauly, Charles L Dumoulin
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction:  We previously showed that Intra-cardiac MRI (ICMRI) probes, providing superior signal-to-noise, can guide electrophysiology radiofrequency ablations. However, since both the heart and the coil move, blurring and image distortions may occur. We hypothesized that these motion artifacts can be corrected with prospective motion correction using MR-tracking coils on an ICMRI catheter.   Methods:  A nylon mesh, carrying an imaging coil and 4 tracking coils, was mounted on a 9 fr sheath (Fig.1a). When the mesh is expanded (Fig1b), the 4 tracking coils (circles) achieve a Tetrahedron shape and the imaging coil reaches 3 cm diameter, suitable for pulmonary vein imaging. By capturing the 3D position of each tracking coil, six-degrees-of-freedom motion could be delineated at 30Hz. A segmented gradient-echo sequence was modified to allow for prospective correction of each imaging segment, using the tracking data, so that the entire image was acquired in a static frame of reference. Four ex-vivo swine hearts were imaged during 10mm translational (in-plane and through-plane) and 5° rotational motion, simulating respiratory and cardiac motion. A surface coil moving with the device was also used in these experiments.   Results:  Compare 0.6*0.6mm2 images taken (1c) without motion, (1d) with translational+rotational motion, but without correction, and (1e) with motion and with correction. Motion correction restored moving image quality (IQ) to approximately the non-moving IQ; the 1D correlation along the red line between moving+corrected and static is 0.97, vs. only 0.87 between moving+uncorrected and static. The largest improvement was observed during through-plane motion.   Conclusion:  Prospective motion correction using Tetrahedron-shaped tracking coils effectively removes motion artifacts from high-resolution MR imaging performed during large-amplitude intra-cardiac motion, while the expandable array allows for vascular deployment into the heart.
Abstract 8824: Following Stable Therapy with Extended Release Niacin/Laropiprant, Continued Extended Release Niacin/Laropiprant Use Reduced Flushing versus Extended Release Niacin Alone in Dyslipidemic Patients
Authors: Fabian Chen, Darbie Maccubbin, Jennifer Weimer Anderson, Christine McCrary Sisk, Uma Kher, Anders Olsson, Harold E Bays
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Extended-release niacin (ERN) produces improvements across the lipid profile in patients with dyslipidemia, but is underutilized due to flushing, a process primarily mediated by prostaglandin D 2 (PGD 2 ). The PGD 2 receptor antagonist, laropiprant (LRPT), reduces ERN-induced flushing in patients with dyslipidemia. This study tested the hypothesis that, after 20 weeks of the fixed-dose combination ERN/LRPT, patients who continued on ERN/LRPT would have less flushing than patients who had LRPT withdrawn, but continued on ERN alone. After a 2-week placebo run-in, 1152 patients with dyslipidemia were randomized 2:2:1 to one of three daily treatment groups: (1) ERN/LRPT 1g/20mg from 0 to 4 weeks, then ERN/LRPT 2g/40mg for the remainder of the study; (2) ERN/LRPT 1g/20mg from 0 to 4 weeks, then ERN/LRPT 2g/40mg from 5 to 20 weeks, then ERN 2g without laropiprant from 21 to 32 weeks; or (3) placebo for the duration of the study. The key endpoints were based on the Global Flushing Severity Score (GFSS) from the previously validated Flushing Symptom Questionnaire: the number of days/week with moderate or greater GFSS ≥4 (primary) and the percentage of patients with maximum GFSS ≥4 (secondary) during the post-withdrawal period of the study (weeks 21 to 32). ERN/LRPT produced significantly less flushing relative to ERN alone during the post-withdrawal period, as measured by the number of days/week with GFSS ≥4 (p&lt;0.001; see fig) and the percentage of patients with maximum GFSS ≥4 (ERN/LRPT: 19.6%; ERN: 48.9%; Placebo: 9.2%). There were fewer drug related adverse experiences during the post-withdrawal period comparing the ERN/LRPT to the ERN treatment groups. In summary, following 20 weeks of stable maintenance therapy, dyslipidemic patients treated continuously with ERN/LRPT experienced less flushing than patients who had LRPT withdrawn, and continued with ERN alone. This study supports the long-term efficacy (&gt; 24 weeks) of ERN/LRPT in reducing flushing symptoms.
Abstract 2598: Individualized Heparin and Protamine Management Protocol in Infants Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Cardiac Surgery Improves Immediate Post-operative Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Colleen Gruenwald, Cedric Manlhiot, Anthony Chan, Lynn Crawford-Lean, Celeste Foreman, Helen Holtby, Glen Van Arsdell, Ross Richards, Helen Moriarty, Brian McCrindle
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Use of individualized heparin and protamine management in older children and adults undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) has been associated with improved clinical outcomes. We sought to determine if using this method in infants was associated with similar enhancements. Infants 1 month to 1 year of age undergoing CPB were randomized in a controlled clinical trial to either weight based heparin and protamine management using the activated clotting time (ACT) to monitor anticoagulation, or the use of individualized heparin blood concentration calculated by the Hepcon Hemostasis Management System HMS (Medtronic, MN) using a modified protocol. Primary outcome measure was chest tube volume loss at 4 and 24 hours following cardiac critical care unit (CCCU) admission. Secondary outcomes included blood transfusion, duration of ventilation and hospital length of stay. A total of 34 patients (17 in each group), aged 1 month to 1 year, were enrolled in the study. Demographics and pre-operative variables were similar between groups. Patients in the HMS group received significantly more heparin (796 vs. 643U/kg, p&lt;0.01) and protamine (6.1 vs. 3.9 mg/kg, p&lt;0.01) than those in the ACT group. After accounting for age at surgery, bypass time and surgeon in multivariable regression models, patients in the HMS group experienced significantly less blood loss at 4 hours after CCCU arrival (7.6 vs. 9.2ml/kg, p=0.01). Difference in blood loss between 4 and 24 hours after CCCU admission (17.0 vs. 14.6ml/kg, p=0.88) was not significant. HMS group patients had significantly decreased blood transfusions in the CCCU (11 vs. 21ml/kg, p=&lt;0.01), significantly shorter ventilation times (18 vs. 24hrs, p=0.01) and significantly shorter hospital length of stay (168 vs. 193hrs, p=0.01). Thrombosis was observed in 3 of the 17 patients in the ACT group, while none were noted in the HMS group. Higher heparin and protamine dosing, as managed by the HMS device, resulted in more stable levels of anti-Xa during CPB with improved immediate post-operative outcomes including reduced blood loss, transfusions, ventilation time and hospital length of stay. This study may support the use of the HMS device with a modified protocol for infants &lt;1 year of age for heparin and protamine monitoring during CPB.