tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P064: Effects Of Pistachios On Blood Pressure And Systemic Hemodynamics In Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Katherine A Sauder, Cindy E McCrea, Jan S Ulbrecht, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Sheila G West
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Controlling blood pressure in diabetes is important for reducing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This study compared the effects of two healthy diets that differed in fat content on blood pressure and hemodynamics. We enrolled 30 adults with type 2 diabetes in a randomized, crossover, controlled-feeding study with isocaloric diet periods. After a 2wk run-in on a typical Western diet (36% total fat, 12% saturated fat), participants consumed a low-fat control diet (27% total fat, 7% saturated fat) and a moderate fat pistachio diet (33% total fat, 7% saturated fat) for 4wk each. While on the pistachio diet, participants consumed pistachios equivalent to 20% of daily calories (ranging from 2-5 ounces/day). At the end of each diet period, blood pressure and systemic hemodynamics were assessed at rest and during acute psychological stress (mental arithmetic and hand cold pressor). A subset of participants (n=20) also underwent 24hr ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Treatment effects were assessed with the mixed models procedure in SAS v9.3. There was no difference between treatments in resting blood pressure or systemic hemodynamics. During acute stress, stroke volume and cardiac output were significantly lower following the control diet (66.4 ml/beat and 4.43 l/min) than the pistachio diet (68.4 ml/beat and 4.57 l/min). Total peripheral resistance was significantly lower following the pistachio diet than the control diet (1682 vs 1746 dyne-sec/cm5). Systolic blood pressure during the 24hr ambulatory monitoring was significantly lower following the pistachio diet than the control diet (113.8 vs 117.3 mmHg). Taken together with other recent studies, these results provide evidence that daily pistachio consumption can benefit blood pressure and systemic hemodynamics in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Sports Injuries: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Christopher M. Norris
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Preface Preface to the first edition Section I - Biomechanics of Injury Healing Psychological aspects of sports injury Sports Massage Taping in Sport Physical Training and Injury Exercise Therapy First Contact Management Biomechanics of the Lower Limb during Gait Section II - The Hip and Thigh The Knee The Shin The Ankle The Foot The Lumbar Spine The Thorax and Thoracic Spine The Cervical Spine Facial Injury The Shoulder The Elbow The Wrist and Hand Appendix 1 Manual muscle tests Index.
Abstract 2627: Use of xenografts for preclinical drug testing
Authors: Mark J. De Lange, Fariba Némati, Mieke Versluis, Martine J. Jager, Gre P.M. Luyten, Didier Decaudin, Pieter A. van der Velden
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Uveal melanoma (UM) originates from melanocytes just like cutaneous melanoma (CM) and similar to CM, the MAPK pathway is involved in the development of UM. However, in vitro we showed an inverse correlation between MAPK and c-Met activation with increasing metastatic potential of UM. In this study, we aimed to target both Src and c-Met with respectively Dasatinib and Crizotinib in an experimental xenograft model. Methods: We used tissue derived from four different human primary tumors which were subcutaneously transplanted in mice. We used the c-Met inhibitor Crizotinib to inhibit c-Met function and Dasatinib to inhibit MAPK via Src. We monitored pharmacodynamics and analysed treatment efficacy with kinase assays. Results: Growth inhibition was seen after treatment with Dasatinib in all four tumors whereas Crizotinib effects remained limited. Dasatinib inhibited kinase activity in the xenografts and pre-treatment kinase activity of the xenograft turned out to be predictive for treatment efficacy. Conclusion: Activated Src and c-Met are in vitro susceptible to Dasatinib and Crizotinib, respectively. In vivo Dasatinib showed an effect on both tumor growth and MAPK activity while Crizotinib effects remained limited to c-Met inhibition. Combined, these results support our in vitro pathway analysis and warrant for clinical trials with Dasatinib in UM and further in vivo analysis with Crizotinib. Citation Format: Mark J. De Lange, Fariba Némati, Mieke Versluis, Martine J. Jager, Gre P.M. Luyten, Didier Decaudin, Pieter A. van der Velden. Use of xenografts for preclinical drug testing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2627. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2627
Paget's disease of the bone mimicking lymphomatous bone marrow involvement at FDG‐PET
Authors: Hugo J.A. Adams, John M.H. de Klerk, Rob Fijnheer, Stefan V. Dubois, Rutger A.J. Nievelstein, Thomas C. Kwee
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

A 76-year-old man presented with pain in both upper legs and anorexia. Laboratory findings showed increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (24 mm/hr), elevated C-reactive protein (34 mg/L), elevated alkaline phosphatase (173 IU/L), and elevated lactate dehydrogenase (540 IU/L). Technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate whole-body bone scan (not shown) demonstrated multiple foci of increased radiotracer uptake in the axial and proximal appendicular skeleton. Subsequent 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) showed multiple FDG-avid lesions in both proximal humeri, both scapulae, multiple ribs, multiple vertebrae, pelvic bone, and both proximal femora (Image 1A–C). There was also an FDG-avid retroperitoneal mass along the right internal iliac vessels (Image D,E, arrows), which was biopsied. Overview/detail (original magnification ×25/×100) of this lymph node biopsy demonstrated loss of architecture and extensive proliferation of atypical B-cells, consistent with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (Image 1F,G). The B-cell marker CD20 is shown. Further immunohistochemistry showed a non-diffuse pattern of follicular lymphoma (Grade 3A) (Image 1H). In addition, one FDG-avid lesion in the right posterior iliac crest (Image 1I, dashed arrow) was directly biopsied. Also note no visible changes of the bone (marrow) at concomitant CT (Image 1J). Overview/detail (original magnification ×25/×100/×200) of this bone marrow biopsy demonstrates extensive fibrosis and irregularly branching trabecular bone with apposition of new woven bone and rows of osteoblasts, consistent with Paget's disease (Image 1K–M). However, the bone marrow biopsy did not show any signs of lymphomatous involvement. Although rare, Paget's disease of the bone is known to potentially exhibit markedly increased FDG uptake. The presented case demonstrates that FDG-avid foci in the bone marrow of a patient with lymphoma do not always represent lymphomatous bone marrow involvement, and that bone marrow biopsy is necessary to rule out benign diseases (such as Paget's disease of the bone) or metastatic disease from other malignancies than lymphoma.
Health Professionals With Physical Disabilities
Authors: Debra Woodard
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Validating mathematical tumor invasion model simulations using xenograft mouse models of cancer invasion.
Authors: Lisa McCawley, Bobby Guillory, Donna Hicks, Mary Loveless, James McIntyre, Xiwu Chen, Jin Chen, Tom Yankeelov, Ambra Pozzi, Lynn Matrisian, Alexander Anderson, Vito Quaranta
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

4421 

*contributed equally to this work.

Computer simulations based on the Hybrid Discrete-Continuous (HDC) mathematical model of cancer invasion (Anderson et al., Cell, 2006) predict that the degree of severity of the tumor microenvironment (ME) directly impacts the emergence of invasion. Harsh ME conditions select for dominant aggressive clones that grow into a fingering, infiltrating mass. In mild ME conditions selection for dominant aggressive clones is relaxed, such that these aggressive clones coexist with less aggressive ones that together grow into a smooth-margin, non-invasive tumor mass. To validate these predictions in vivo, we are comparing orthotopic (“mild ME”) versus subcutaneous (“harsh ME”) human breast cancer xenografts of MCF-10 variant cell lines, CA1a and CA1d. Gross analysis revealed that time to tumor appearance was modestly accelerated and growth rates were slightly elevated in tumors implanted at the orthotopic site, and that a majority of large (1.5 cm diameter) tumors implanted in the s.c. site were cystic upon biopsy. Tumor samples were biopsied at fixed tumor volumes (0.5, 1 and 1.5 cm diameters) for further ex vivo comparisons. We are using both in vivo imaging analysis and ex vivo immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical techniques to obtain biological measures of the following parameters that are theoretically described within the HDC math model: tumor cell density (diffusion MRI), oxygen consumption/hypoxia (Hypoxyprobe positivity), tumor cell proliferation (BrdU incorporation), tumor cell survival (Caspase-3 positivity), metabolic consumption (18FDG-PET), and matrix degrading enzyme activity (optical imaging of Proteolytic Beacons). We are incorporating these biologically measured parameters into the HDC model and performing mathematical simulations of tumor growth and invasion. In this manner, we hope to define key cellular and microenvironmental properties that transcend the complexity of tumor invasion and can be successfully defined by our HDC mathematical model.
Abstract 20675: Longest Available Follow-Up of Drug-Eluting Stents in Real World Practice - Outcomes up to 12 Years From the DESIRE Registry
Authors: Ricardo A Costa, Amanda Sousa, Adriana Moreira, Adriana Moreira, J. Ribamar Costa, Galo Maldonado, Manuel Cano, Carlos Gordilho, Lucas P Damiani, Cantidio Campos, Ricardo Pavanello, J. Eduardo Sousa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Despite the marked efficacy demonstrated by drug-eluting stents (DES) in reducing neointimal proliferation, and therefore, the need for target lesion revascularization (TLR), persistent concerns regarding long-term safety and efficacy, especially in more complex subset, are still. Methods: The DESIRE Registry is a large, prospective, non-randomized, single center study assessing the late outcomes of unselected pts treated with DES. Overall, 5,541 pts were consecutively enrolled from May/02-Jun/14. Clinical follow-up (FU) (97%) was performed yearly up to 12 yrs (median 4.9 yrs). Stent thrombosis (ST) was defined according to the ARC. Results: Mean age was 65 yrs, 31% had diabetes, 29% current smokers, 42% presented with ACS (17% recent myocardial infarction, MI), and the majority of lesions were highly complex (67% type B2/C). Overall, there were 8,919 lesions treated with 9,537 DES, and angiographic success was 99%. During the FU period, cumulative event rates were major adverse cardiac events (cardiac death, myocardial infarction, or TLR) 32%, myocardial infarction 8%, TLR 21%, and cardiac death 6%. As for stent thrombosis, overal rate was 2.4%, given that 95% of patients were free from this event up to 12 years. In the multivariate model, independent predictors of major adverse cardiac events were: prior revascularization by percutaneous intervention (HR 1.21, p=0.03) or surgery (HR 1.53, p&lt;0.001), dyslipidemia (HR 1.20, p=0.03), renal insufficiency (HR 1.41, p&lt;0.001), peripheral vascular disease (HR 2.06, p&lt;0.001), long lesions (HR 1.38, p&lt;0.001), acute coronary syndrome (HR 1.39, p&lt;0.001), and residual stenosis (HR 1.02, p&lt;0.001). As for stent thrombosis, predictors were: recent myocardial infarction (HR 2.66, p=0.001), multiple stents implanted (HR 1.89, p=0.002), saphenous vein graft (HR 2.21, p=0.004), and residual stenosis (HR 1.03, p=0.03). Conclusions: At very long-term follow-up (up to 12 years) in a large cohort of patients from the real world practice, cumulative event rates included TLR in 21% and stent thrombosis in 2.4%. Overall, there were no safety concers, given that 95% of patients were free from stent thrombosis up to 12 years.
Abstract 13276: DHA but not Etanercept Expedites Resolution of Inflammation leading to Improved Survival Following Myocardial Infarction in Aging Mice
Authors: Kevin A Ingle, Vasundhara Kain, Ganesh V Halade
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Dietary intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) has been touted for cardioprotective benefits. n-3 PUFA contains docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) but their individual effects on left ventricle (LV) remodeling remains unclear compared to anti-inflammatory molecule. We assessed the individual component of n-3 PUFA and their therapeutic potential on LV remodeling post-MI in aging mice (n=150). Male C57BL/6J mice were fed chow diet for first 12 months and then placed on safflower oil (SO; 10% w/w) enriched diet (n-6 PUFA) for 3 months to induce obesity. Then mice were randomized into 5 isocaloric groups: SO or DHA or EPA or DHA+EPA (D+E) or Etanercept (ETAN; 5mg/kg/day) (n=26-30 mice/group) for 2 months. At 17 months of age, mice were subjected to permanent coronary artery ligation resulting in MI and monitored for d1 and d5 survival; maintaining no-MI as d0 naïve controls. Post-MI survival was highest in DHA fed mice compared with ETAN and all other groups (p&lt;0.05). Mice in all groups had lower fractional shortening and extensive ventricular remodeling post-MI compared to d0 control. DHA and D+E mice reduced neutrophil infiltration at d1 compared to SO (p&lt;0.05). The DHA and EPA fed mice showed increased ccr2 and cxcl2 expression at d1 indicating the higher monocyte density, expediting the clearance of dead LV tissues. DHA and EPA groups (both p&lt;0.05) showed early induction of resolving enzyme HO-1 (hemeoxygenase) at d1 which peaked at d5 facilitating resolution of inflammation post-MI. LV immunohistochemistry of DHA fed mice showed enhanced expression of COX-2 (cyclooxygenase-2) at d1 and 5-LOX (5-lipoxygenase) at d5 post-MI compared to d0, and other 4 groups (all p&lt;0.05). Further, DHA fed mice showed the higher expression of timp-1, timp-2 and timp-3 with decrease in MMP-9 levels at d5 stabilizing the matrix maturation within the infarcted LV and thus promoting resolution. In summary, our results suggest that DHA but not ETAN improved post-MI survival in aging and obese mice by reducing neutrophil density, via coordination of COX, LOX and HO-1, leading to enhanced resolution of inflammation post-MI.
Jenner: full recognition at last
Authors: J. Empson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

In 1796 Jenner established the means by which the world was to be rid of smallpox. Dr Edward Jenner, MD, FRS, (1749-1823) made his discovery from his observation of the immunity of milkmaids in his native Gloucestershire to the “speckled monster,” as smallpox was then known. His principal monument to commemorate this great contribution is in Kensington Gardens. He sits there reflectively, chin in hand, but only the name “Jenner” was inscribed on his pedestal. The statue …
Synthesis of novel benzils and benzoins as selective inhibitors of mammalian carboxylesterases designed to ameliorate the delayed diarrhea associated with CPT-11 treatment.
Authors: Latorya D. Hicks, Janice L. Hyatt, Randy M. Wadkins, Carol C. Edwards, Lyudmila Tsurkan, Monika Weirdl, Philip M. Potter
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5530 

The anticancer prodrug CPT-11 is activated by carboxylesterases (CE) to yield SN-38, a potent topoisomerase I poison. Delayed diarrhea, which is the dose limiting toxicity for this drug, is thought to arise from direct conversion of the drug to the active metabolite in the small intestine. Therefore, we have screened for, and identified, a series of selective CE inhibitors that may have utility in ameliorating diarrhea. Benzil has been identified as a potent inhibitor of these enzymes. The essential characteristics required for inhibitory activity by the benzil and its analogs include: (i) the dione moiety, (ii) the aromatic rings; and (iii) substitution on the rings which does not impede access of inhibitor to the enzyme active site. Halogen substitution has been shown to increase the Ki values for these small compounds toward three mammalian CEs, human intestinal CE (hiCE), rabbit CE (rCE), and human liver CE (hCE1). We have synthesized and assessed the ability of symmetrical benzils and their related benzoins with different degrees of fluorine substitution in the o-, m-, or p- position of the aromatic ring, to inhibit these enzymes. Following determination of the Ki values for CE enzyme inhibition with these fluorobenzil analogs, a variety of computational molecular modeling methods have been applied in an attempt to correlate these results with physical parameters of these compounds. These include the assessment of the atomic charge on both the oxygen and carbon atoms of the carbonyl group and the pka of the hydroxyl group of the benzoins. In addition, molecular modeling of the movement of the aromatic rings around the 1,2-dione dihedral angle of the benzil and the pseudo-dione dihedral angle of the benzoin indicated that the ability for these molecules to inhibit CEs was due, partially, to rotational restrictions enforced by this dihedral angle. Hence these studies may prove useful as a predictive tool to assess the potency of fluorinated benzils and benzoins as potent inhibitors of mammalian CEs. We envisage that these compounds could be used to inhibit hiCE in vivo, preventing the conversion of CPT-11 to SN-38 in the gut, therefore reducing the side effect, diarrhea, associated with drug treatment. This work was funded by the American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities.
Abstract 17986: Molecular Beacon-based Purification of Ventricular Cardiomyocytes From Differentiating Embryonic Stem Cells by Targeting Intracellular Mrna
Authors: Kiwon Ban, Brian Wile, Kyu-Won Cho, Sangsung Kim, Jason Singerd, Anum Syed, Mary Wagner, Gang Bao, Young-sup Yoon
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Ventricular cardiomyocytes (CMs) are an ideal cell type for cardiac cell therapy since they are the main cells generating cardiac forces. However, isolating them from differentiating pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) has been challenging due to the lack of specific surface markers. Here we show that ventricular CMs can be purified from differentiating mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) using molecular beacons (MBs) targeting specific intracellular mRNAs. MBs are dual-labeled oligonucleotide hairpin probes that emit a fluorescence signal when hybridized to target mRNAs, allowing isolation of specific target cells by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) with high specificity and sensitivity. Methods and Results: We generated three different MBs (IRX4-1, -2, -3) designed to target specific regions of mRNAs of iroquois homeobox protein 4 (Irx4), a specific transcription factor for ventricular CMs. Among three IRX4 MBs, IRX4-2 MB demonstrated the highest sensitivity and specificity, thus IRX4-2 MB was selected to purify mESC-derived ventricular CMs. Subsequently, IRX4-2 MBs were delivered into cardiomyogenically differentiating mESC cultures and cells showing strong signals from IRX4-2 MBs were FACS-sorted. Flow cytometry demonstrated that 92~97% of IRX4-2 MB-positive cells expressed a marker for ventricular CMs myosin light chain 2 ventricular isoform (Myl2) as well as cardiac troponin 2 (Tnnt2). Importantly, higher than 98% of IRX4-2 MB-positive cells displayed ventricular CM-like action potentials during electrophysiological analyses. These IRX4-2 MB-based purified ventricular CMs continuously maintained their CM characteristics verified by synchronous beating, Ca2+ transient, and expression of ventricular CM-specific proteins. Conclusions: We established a novel MB-based cell sorting system targeting a transcription factor that is specific for ventricular CM to generate homogeneous and functional ventricular CMs. This is the first report to show the feasibility of isolating pure ventricular CMs without modifying host genes, and this platform will be useful for therapeutic applications, disease modeling, and drug discovery.
Interferon-γ–induced apoptotic responses of Fanconi anemia group C hematopoietic progenitor cells involve caspase 8–dependent activation of caspase 3 family members
Authors: R. Keaney Rathbun, Tracy A. Christianson, Gregory R. Faulkner, Gary Jones, Winifred Keeble, Michael O'Dwyer, Grover C. Bagby
Journal: Blood (2000)
Listing Contributions of Investigators in Research Groups
Authors: Janet R. Serwint, Susan Feigelman, Marilyn Dumont-Driscoll
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal