tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coronary Arterial Laceration after Blunt Chest Trauma
Authors: Ichiro Suzuki, Mamoru Sato, Naoto Hoshi, Hiroshi Nanjo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

High-Fiber Diet and Colorectal AdenomasTo the Editor: I am concerned that the report by Schatzkin and colleagues (April 20 issue) 1 may lead many people to conclude erroneously that diet does not affect susceptibility to colon cancer, even though the hypothesis was not adequately tested.According to Table 3 of the report, dietary fat decreased from 35.6 percent at randomization to 23.8 percent at four years in the intervention group and from 36.0 to 33.9 percent in the control group.Consumption of red meat decreased from 93.2 to 74.5 g per day in the intervention group and from 97.9 to 94.9 g per day in the control group.However, plasma total cholesterol decreased only from 5.30 to 5.27 mg per deciliter in the intervention group and from 5.29 to 5.27 mg per deciliter in the control group (log-transformed values); these decreases represent 2 percent and 1 percent in the absolute cholesterol concentrations, respectively.Reductions of this magnitude in the intake of dietary fat and red meat in the intervention group (if they really occurred) should have caused a greater reduction in the plasma total cholesterol level -in any event, greater than that in the control group, which did not occur.Also, weight was essentially unchanged in both groups.The logical conclusion is that the patients in the intervention group were actually consuming a diet very similar to that of the control group.This would not be surprising, since it is difficult to motivate people to make and maintain dietary changes in large-scale studies, and it is equally difficult to obtain accurate dietary information in clinical trials.But it is as erroneous to claim that dietary fat and cholesterol intake have no effect on colon cancer as it is to say that they have no effect on plasma total cholesterol.It is a great disservice for the authors to conclude, "In summary, our study provided no evidence that a diet low in fat and high in fiber, fruits, and vegetables reduces the risk of recurrent colorectal adenomas."When headlines to this effect appeared widely in the media, they left many people with the belief that diet makes no difference, whereas, in fact, we do not yet know whether this is true.
NT-24 * IPILIMUMAB AND BEVACIZUMAB IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: P. Mulholland, H. Shaw
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: Current median survival in glioblastoma is less than a year. Ipilimumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits CTLA-4 and has shown significant activity in melanoma including in brain metastases. Evidence of activity in other tumour types is emerging. METHODS: In this single practice case series, 6 patients with glioblastoma were treated with ipilimumab and bevacizumab. Informed consent was obtained from each patient for this ‘off-label’ combination. A review of safety, response and survival was undertaken. RESULTS: 6 patients with glioblastoma were treated; 5 female and 1 male. Median age at initiating treatment was 47 yrs (range 31-55). WHO performance status ranged from 1-4. 4 patients had recurrent disease and 2 patients were treated following first-line palliative chemoradiation. Ipilimumab was dosed at 3mg/kg, q3w for 4 doses then 12 weekly maintenance. Bevacizumab was administered at 10mg/kg, q2w. Concurrent therapies given: GM-CSF (5), valganciclovir (5), temozolomide (3), lomustine (3). Toxicity was evaluated in all patients: fatigue grade 1 and 2 (3), grade 4 (1); diarrhea grade 1 (1); dry skin grade 1 (1); alopecia grade 1 (1). Best responses seen were CR in one patient and PR in one patient. 3 patients are awaiting initial radiological evaluation of response. One patient died from disease progression within 6 weeks of commencing ipilimumab. Response and toxicity data continues to be evaluated. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, combination ipilimumab and bevacizumab has shown promising activity with an acceptable toxicity profile. Optimal dose and timing of use of ipilimumab in the glioblastoma treatment pathway has yet to be determined but warrants further investigation within prospective studies.
Blood disorders associated with pirenzepine.
Authors: B H Stricker, R H Meyboom, P A Bleeker, K van Wieringen
Journal: BMJ (1986)

side.Digital subtraction angiography showed a thin right renal artery without stenosis.The aortic prosthesis was patent.Eighty minutes after administration of captopril the blood pressure dropped to 120/80 mm Hg; the heart rate was unchanged at 100 bests/min.He experienced dizziness and blurred vision and then developed aphasia.Intravenous dopamine was started, and the symptoms resolved within a few minutes.No abnormalities were shown on subsequent neurological examtion, and an electrocardiogram was unremarkable.On physical examination no abnormality of the arteries of the neck was found, but digital subtraction angiography showed stenosis of the right external and internal carotid arteries.
Prayer-Meeting Cardioversion
Authors: PETER R. KOWEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1986Prayer-Meeting CardioversionPETER R. KOWEY, M.D., TED D. FRIEHLING, M.D., ROGER A. MARINCHAK, M.D.PETER R. KOWEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, TED D. FRIEHLING, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROGER A. MARINCHAK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-5-727_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We recently saw a dramatic case of conversion of atrial fibrillation that supports our belief that psychological factors can dramatically influence cardiac rhythm disturbances.An 83-year-old black Baptist woman presented with a long history of palpitations that had been treated with various medications with no substantial symptomatic improvement. She was referred to us by her private physician, who found her to be in her characteristic rapid rhythm during an office visit. An electrocardiogram on admission showed a regular, narrow QRS tachycardia at a rate of 150 to 160 beats/min with a relatively long R-P interval. The supraventricular... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The Medical College of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19129 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA Systematic Review of the Empirical Literature on Intercessory PrayerClinical Aspects of Atrial Fibrillation 1 May 1986Volume 104, Issue 5Page: 727-728KeywordsAtrial fibrillationElectrocardiographyPsychologyTachycardia Issue Published: 1 May 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Enforced viral replication activates adaptive immunity and is essential for the control of a cytopathic virus
Authors: Nadine Honke, Namir Shaabani, Giuseppe Cadeddu, Ursula R Sorg, Dong-Er Zhang, Mirko Trilling, Karin Klingel, Martina Sauter, Reinhard Kandolf, Nicole Gailus, Nico van Rooijen, Christoph Burkart, Stephan E Baldus, Melanie Grusdat, Max Löhning, Hartmut Hengel, Klaus Pfeffer, Masato Tanaka, Dieter Häussinger, Mike Recher, Philipp A Lang, Karl S Lang
Journal: Nature Immunology (2011)
Recommendation to avoid all drugs during first trimester is unrealistic
Authors: A. E Czeizel
Journal: BMJ (1996)

N -methyl -1 -(3,4 -methylenedioxyphenyl) - 2 -butanamine) instead of ecstasy.Mixtures of these substances with ecstasy as well as with unrelated drugs such as amphetamine, caffeine, and I-phenylethylamine are also encountered.In addition, tablets have been found to contain other, less common, ring substituted ampheta- mines instead of ecstasy.These analogues may well differ in their neurotoxic potential.Finally, there have been reports of mixtures of ketamine and ephedrine, as well as other substitutes such as mixtures of lysergide (LSD) and ampheta- mine or of lysergide and ephedrine, being sold as ecstasy.This diverse pharmacological content of tablets may go some way to explaining the variety of symptoms reported among and within users.Not only does it mean that users are exposing themselves to unknown long term effects but it leaves researchers with a problem.Neither the user nor the researcher can be certain what the ingested tablet contained until later analysis.Adverse symptoms, both short and long term, will depend on the interaction between the drug and the individual, which cannot be safely predicted.
Evaluating Hypotheses on the Origin and Evolution of the New Zealand Alpine Cicadas (Maoricicada) Using Multiple-Comparison Tests of Tree Topology
Authors: Thomas R. Buckley, Chris Simon, Hidetoshi Shimodaira, Geoffrey K. Chambers
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2001)

The statistical testing of alternative phylogenetic trees is central to evaluating competing evolutionary hypotheses. Fleming proposed that the New Zealand cicada species Maoricicada iolanthe is the sister species to the major radiation of both low-altitude and montane Maoricicada species. However, using 1,520 bp of mitochondrial DNA sequence data from the cytochrome oxidase subunit I, tRNA aspartic acid, and the ATPase subunit 6 and 8 genes, we inferred that both M. iolanthe and another low-altitude species, Maoricicada campbelli, are nested within the montane Maoricicada radiation. Therefore, we examined the stability of the inferred phylogenetic placement of these two species using the newly developed Shimodaira-Hasegawa test (SH test) implemented in a maximum-likelihood framework. The SH test has two advantages over the more commonly used Kishino-Hasegawa (KH) and Templeton tests. First, the SH test simultaneously compares multiple topologies and corrects the corresponding P values to accommodate the multiplicity of testing. Second, the SH test is correct when applied to a posteriori hypotheses, unlike the KH test, because it readjusts the expectation of the null hypothesis (that two trees are not different) accordingly. The comparison of P values estimated under the assumptions of both the KH test and the SH test clearly demonstrate that the KH test has the potential to be misleading when the issue of comparing of a posteriori hypotheses is ignored and when multiple comparisons are not taken into account. The SH test, in combination with a variety of character-weighting schemes applied to our data, reveals a surprising amount of ambiguity in the phylogenetic placement of M. iolanthe and M. campbelli.
Basophilic leukemia in recurrent chronic myelogenous leukemia blast phase
Authors: Ryan M. Gill, Joan E. Etzell
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

A 31-year-old man with a four-year history of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) presents in his second blast phase.The patient's initial diagnosis was made after routine analysis revealed a white blood cell count (WBC) of 353 Â 10 9 /L.Initial bone marrow biopsy results and cytogenetics were not available for review.The patient responded initially to hydroxyurea followed by imatinib mesylate, at 400 mg daily.A subsequent bone marrow was consistent with morphologic remission; results of cytogenetics and molecular studies were not available.After *3-years, a repeat bone marrow biopsy revealed myeloid blasts comprising 80% of cells consistent with blast phase of CML.Retrospective review of peripheral blood and bone marrow showed only rare (less than 1%) blasts containing granules resembling immature basophils.RT-PCR was positive for BCR-ABL transcript (p210 and p190), and chromosome analysis showed 47, XY, t(2;3)(p23;q29), +8, t(9,22)(q34; q11.2) in 20 of 20 metaphase spreads.Flow cytometric analysis revealed a CD45 positive blast population with moderate side light scatter that strongly expressed CD34, CD117, and CD7 as well as variably expressed CD13, CD33, CD11c, and CD2.Intracellular staining revealed that 1/3 of these cells were myeloperoxidase positive.The imatinib mesylate dose was increased to 800 mg daily but was not tolerated due to nausea.The imatinib mesylate was discontinued, and a second generation ABL kinase inhibitor was initiated.The patient responded to this drug for several months until severe abdominal pain lead to its discontinuation.Less than one week after discontinuation the patient was found to have a WBC of 17 Â 10 9 /L with 30% blasts in peripheral blood, and the tyrosine kinase inhibitor was restarted.Circulating blasts persisted, and the patient underwent induction chemotherapy with an eventual goal of allogeneic transplant.Following this treatment, blasts were no longer detected in peripheral blood, and the patient was thought to be in hematologic remission.After *3-months
AID TB resistance line probe assay for rapid detection of resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical samples
Authors: B. Molina-Moya, A. Lacoma, C. Prat, J. Diaz, A. Dudnyk, L. Haba, J. Maldonado, S. Samper, J. Ruiz-Manzano, V. Ausina, J. Dominguez
Journal: Journal of Infection (2014)
Unrecognised femoral fractures in patients with paraplegia due to multiple sclerosis.
Authors: S Cocksedge, S Freestone, J F Martin
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Patients with paraplegia may, owing to disuse of the legs, develop osteoporosis of the long bones of the leg and occasionally suffer fractures as a consequence despite their relative immobility. We report on two patients with paraplegia due to multiple sclerosis who sustained femoral fractures without any history of trauma and with minimal physical signs. This resulted in late diagnosis and inappropriate treatment in both cases. This complication has not to our knowledge been previously reported in patients with multiple sclerosis.
Primary Care and the Affliction of Internal Medicine
Authors: Jerome P. Kassirer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The number, nature, and distribution of generalist physicians will be a focus of considerable attention as we restructure our health care system. Inner cities and rural areas have too few of them, growing health maintenance organizations find it increasingly difficult to hire enough of them, and progressively fewer graduating medical students are selecting careers in primary care. In internal medicine in particular, the generalist is becoming an endangered species. For nearly two decades, training programs in internal medicine have been producing more subspecialists than generalists, and the disproportion persists1,2. To create sufficient numbers of general internists, it is . . .
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;The Puff of Smoke&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: Janet M. Torpy
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Ciba Foundation Tenth Anniversary Symposium on Significant Trends in Medical Research
Authors: F. T. Jung
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The preface of this book explains that it is the 50th major volume published for the Ciba Foundation and that it contains the transactions of a special symposium arranged in celebration of the opening of the foundation by Sir Henry Dale in 1949. It contains 13 papers on the status of basic medical problems, such as molecular structure in relation to biology and medicine, medical aspects of genetics, advances in general neurophysiology, the nature and action of hormones, the nature and mechanism of malignant transformation, research in chronic pulmonary disease, research in clinical nutrition, and the quantitative approach to disease as exemplified by essential hypertension. Each contribution is illustrated by tabular or diagrammatic material when necessary and is concluded with discussion of the particular points that have been raised and with a bibliography. The volume ends with a general discussion, closing remarks by the chairman ( Sir Harold Himsworth ), an author
Nicotinuric Acid
Authors: Chun-Feng Huang, Mei-Ling Cheng, Chun-Ming Fan, Chuang-Ye Hong, Ming-Shi Shiao
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

Metabolic syndrome is a multiplex disorder and puts patients on the road to type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. However, a surrogate biomarker in plasma or urine in fully reflecting features of metabolic syndrome has not been explored.Urine metabolomics has potential utility in metabolic profiling because urine metabolites analysis reflects global outflux of metabolic change. Accordingly, we collected data on subjects (n = 99) with overweight, dyslipidemia, hypertension or impaired glucose tolerance and took a metabolomics approach to analyze the metabolites of urine revealed in metabolic syndrome by high-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry and elicit potential biomarkers to picture metabolic syndrome.Our results revealed that the urine nicotinuric acid value of subjects with diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 6.5% or those receiving diabetes medications) (n = 25) was higher than subjects without diabetes (n = 37) (221 ± 31 vs. 152 ± 13 × 10(3) mAU, P = 0.0268). Moreover, urinary nicotinuric acid level was positively correlated with body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triacylglycerol and high sensitivity C-reactive protein, but negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.This is the first study, to our knowledge, to propose that nicotinuric acid represents an important pathogenic mechanism in process from metabolic syndrome to diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
Abstract P1-02-02: Receptor discordance in breast cancer recurrence: Is re-biopsy a necessity?
Authors: T Fujita, M Sawaki, M Hattori, N Kondo, A Horio, A Ushio, N Gondo, I Hiroji
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Decision making on systematic treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer is based on features like estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and HER2 status assessed on the primary tumor. Recent prospective studies have investigated discordance in receptor status between the primary and metastatic tumor. We evaluated the discordance of receptor status between the primary and metastatic tumor and assessed the impact of re-biopsy on patient management. Methods: In breast cancer patients who underwent surgical resection of primary tumor and re-biopsy of metastatic tumor at Aichi Cancer Center hospital, we examined the discordance of ER status, PgR status, and HER2 status between the primary and metastatic tumor. For sampling of metastases, core needle biopsy (CNB), trans-bronchial lung biopsy (TBLB), or surgical resection was performed. And fine-needle aspiration biopsy was not used. The ER and PgR status were assessed using Allreds scoring system by IHC. These statuses were categorized as positive when the total score was more than two. HER2 expression status was tested by IHC and FISH. HER2 3+ by IHC, or 2+ and FISH positive were judged as HER2 positive. Results: 48 patients underwent re-biopsy from 2003 to 2012. Twenty-eight were loco-regional (local: 25, Supraclavicular: 2, Axilla: 1) and 21 were distant (Lung: 14, Liver: 6, Bone: 1). Discordance in ER, PgR, or HER2 between the primary and metastatic tumor were 6.2% (3/48), 16.7% (8/48), and 4.2% (2/48), respectively. One patient had discordance on re-biopsy with initial triple negative primary tumor (1/5, 20%). 11/48 patients (22.9%) changed the molecular subtype (Group A), and 37/48 patients (77.1%) did not change (Group B). Time to recurrence (TTR) was significantly longer in Group A than Group B (82.3 months vs 51.2 months, p = 0.04). No significant difference in re-biopsy techniques (CNB and TBLB vs surgical resection), metastatic lesions (loco-regional vs distant), and adjuvant therapy were observed between Group A and Group B. Conclusions: Our results show the low level of discordance for ER and HER2 between the primary and metastatic tumor. But re-biopsy should be considered in the patients with long TTR, since it is likely to impact treatment choice. Further study is needed to determine the value of re-biopsy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-02.
Temporal patterns of electrical remodeling in canine ventricular hypertrophy: Focus on IKs downregulation and blunted β-adrenergic activation
Authors: M STENGL, C RAMAKERS, D DONKER, A NABAR, A RYBIN, R SPATJENS, T VANDERNAGEL, W WODZIG, K SIPIDO, G ANTOONS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Electrical remodeling in cardiac hypertrophy often involves the downregulation of K+ currents, including beta-adrenergic (beta-A)-sensitive IKs. Temporal patterns of ion-channel downregulation are poorly resolved. In dogs with complete atrioventricular block (AVB), we examined (1) the time course of molecular alterations underlying IKs downregulation from acute to chronic hypertrophy; and (2) concomitant changing responses of repolarization to beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) stimulation.Serial left-ventricular (LV) biopsies were collected from anesthetized dogs during sinus rhythm (SR; control) and at 3, 7 and 30 days of AVB. KCNQ1 mRNA and protein decreased within 3 days (protein expression 58 +/- 10% of control), remaining low thereafter. beta1-AR mRNA and protein decreased more gradually to 53 +/- 8% at 7 days. In chronic-AVB LV myocytes, IKs -tail density was reduced: 1.4 +/- 0.3 pA/pF versus 2.6 +/- 0.4 pA/pF in controls. beta-A enhancement of IKs was reduced. Isoproterenol shortened action-potential duration in control cells, while causing heterogeneous repolarization responses in chronic AVB. beta-A early afterdepolarizations were induced in 4 of 13 chronic-AVB cells, but not in controls. In intact conscious dogs, isoproterenol shortened QTc at SR (by -8 +/- 3% from 295 ms), left it unaltered at 3 days AVB (+1 +/- 3% from 325 ms) and prolonged QTc at 30 days (+6 +/- 3% from 365 ms).Profound decrease of KCNQ1 occurs within days after AVB induction and is followed by a more gradual decrease of beta1-AR expression. Downregulation and blunted beta-A activation of IKs contribute to the loss of beta-A-induced shortening of ventricular repolarization, favoring proarrhythmia. Provocation testing with isoproterenol identifies repolarization instability based on acquired channelopathy.