tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP22: Vitamin D and Subclinical Cerebrovascular Disease: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Brain MRI Ancillary Study
Authors: Andrea L Schneider, Kathryn A Carson, Pamela L Lutsey, Li Xing, Alvaro Alonso, A R Sharrett, Laura Coker, Myron Gross, Wendy S Post, Thomas H Mosley, Rebecca F Gottesman, Erin D Michos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with incident clinical stroke. Less is known about the association of vitamin D levels, measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], with subclinical cerebrovascular disease. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that lower levels of 25(OH)D would be associated both cross-sectionally and longitudinally with subclinical cerebrovascular disease, defined by white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) and infarcts on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: We conducted cross-sectional (1993-1995) and longitudinal (1993-1995 to 2004-2006) analyses of 1,622 participants in the ARIC Brain Ancillary Study with measured 25(OH)D (1993-1995) and without a history of clinical stroke/TIA. These participants underwent a brain MRI in 1993-1995 and a subset underwent a second brain MRI in 2004-2006 (n=888). 25(OH)D measurement was repeated in a subset of blacks in 2004-2006 (n=404). 25(OH)D was analyzed in race-specific quartiles and continuously. Brain MRIs were scored for WMHs and infarcts. Adjusted race-stratified linear and logistic regression models were used. Results: Mean age of participants was 62 years, 60% were female, and 49% were black. Mean 25(OH)D was higher in whites than blacks (25.6 versus 17.3 ng/ml, p0.05). In prospective analyses, lower 25(OH)D levels were also not significantly associated with change in WMH volume or with incident infarcts (Table). In the subset of blacks with repeated measures of 25(OH)D, there was no association between change in 25(OH)D levels with incident infarcts on brain MRI over 10 years (OR [per 1 SD decrease in 25(OH)D]: 1.30, 95% CI: 0.94, 1.81). Conclusion: 25(OH)D was not significantly associated with WMHs, subclinical infarcts, or their progression on serial brain MRIs obtained approximately 10 years apart, suggesting that 25(OH)D levels are not associated with subclinical cerebrovascular disease.
Drug Interactions. A Source Book of Adverse Interactions, Their Mechanisms, Clinical Importance and Management.
Authors: Ivan H. Stockley
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

General Considerations and an Outline Survey of Some Basic Interaction Mechanisms Alcohol Interactions Analgesic and Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Interactions Antiarrhythmic Drug Interactions Antibiotic and Anti-Infective Agent Drug Interactions Anticoagulant Drug Interactions Anticonvulsant Drug Interactions Antihypertensive Drug Interactions Antiparkinsonian Drug Interactions Beat-Blocker Drug Interactions Calcium Channel Blocker Drug Interactions Oral Contraceptive and Related Sex Hormone Drug Interactions Cytotoxic Drug Interactions Digitalis Glycoside Drug Interactions Hypoglycaemic Agent Drug Interactions Immunosuppressant Drug Interactions Lithium Drug Interactions Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Drug Interactions Neuroleptic, Anxiolytic and Tranquillizing Drug Interactions Neuromuscular Blocker and Anaesthetic Drug Interactions Sympathomimetic Drug Interactions Theophylline and Related Xanthine Drug Interactions Tricyclic, Selective Serotonin Uptake Inhibitor and Related Antidepressant Drug Interactions Miscellaneous Drug Interactions Index
Ecthyma gangrenosum-like eruption associated with<i>Morganella morganii</i>infection
Authors: None Del Pozo, None GarcÍA-Silva, None Almagro, None MartÍnez, None Nicolas, None Fonseca
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Ecthyma gangrenosum‐like eruption associated with Morganella morganii infection Get access J.DEL Pozo, J.DEL Pozo Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 La Coruña, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. GarcÍA‐Silva, J. GarcÍA‐Silva Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 La Coruña, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Almagro, M. Almagro Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 La Coruña, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. MartÍnez, W. MartÍnez Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 La Coruña, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Nicolas, R. Nicolas Department of Internal Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 La Coruña, Spain Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Fonseca E. Fonseca Department of Dermatology, Complejo Hospitalario Juan Canalejo, Xubias de Arriba 84, 15006 La Coruña, Spain, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 139, Issue 3, 1 September 1998, Pages 520–521, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02423.x Published: 01 September 1998
Prevention and treatment of DNA vaccine encoding cockroach allergen Bla g 1 in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation
Authors: B. Zhou, M. Ensell, Y. Zhou, U. Nair, J. Glickstein, M. H. Kermany, Q. Cai, C. Cai, W. Liu, Y.‐P. Deng, A. Kakigi, M. Barbieri, M. Mora, S. Kanangat, T. J. Yoo
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Zhou B, Ensell M, Zhou Y, Nair U, Glickstein J, Kermany MH, Cai Q, Cai C, Liu W, Deng Y‐P, Kakigi A, Barbieri M, Mora M, Kanangat S, Yoo TJ. Prevention and treatment of DNA vaccine encoding cockroach allergen Bla g 1 in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation. Allergy 2012; 67 : 166–174. Abstract Background: One‐fourth of the US population is sensitized to the German cockroach. Primary German cockroach allergen Bla g 1 is detected in 63% of homes and 52% of childcare facilities in the United States. No effective treatment or vaccination strategies are yet available. Objectives: We evaluated the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of a plasmid DNA‐mediated vaccination using the Bla g 1 gene in a mouse model of allergic inflammatory airway disease. Methods: A plasmid DNA vector coding for the Bla g 1 allergen controlled by cytomegalovirus promoter was constructed. To estimate the protective efficacy, BALB/c mice were given three injections of plasmid DNA–Bla g 1 prior to sensitization with two priming doses of recombinant Bla g 1 (rBla g 1) antigens, followed by nebulized rBla g 1 challenge. In the therapeutic approach, sensitization was followed by administering Bla g 1 DNA vaccine. Results: Bla g 1 vaccination significantly reduced allergen‐induced airway inflammation, even after mice were presensitized and a Th2‐dominant response was established. The Bla g 1 vaccination significantly reduced total inflammatory cell infiltrate, eosinophilia, secretion of Th2 cytokines IL‐4 and IL‐5 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, allergen‐induced inflammatory infiltrates in the lungs, and Bla g 1‐specific IgE in serum upon challenge with rBla g 1. Importantly, Bla g 1 DNA vaccination was able to induce IL‐10‐secreting regulatory T cells that could suppress the allergen‐specific Th2 cells. Conclusion: DNA vaccination showed protective and therapeutic efficacy against a clinically relevant allergen Bla g 1.
Abstract 1581: Ethanol overrides DNA synthesis inhibition in response to PAHs (tobacco smoke carcinogens): a mechanistic explanation
Authors: Jagat J. Mukherjee, Subodh Kumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract It is a well-established fact that alcohol intake with smoking presents a potential health risk to human. Mechanistic understanding in this regard is not clear. We previously reported that DNA damage by tobacco smoke carcinogens polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is responded by cells through induction of cell growth inhibition in different cell lines. Here we observed that ethanol (EtOH) treatment at physiologically relevant concentration (60 mM) increases DNA synthesis in DNA damaging carcinogen (BPDE) treated cells. BPDE treatment of cells elicits G1-S cell cycle arrest, but EtOH does not have any significant modulating effect on G1-S arrest indicating increased DNA synthesis by EtOH is due to modulation of some other signaling event(s). EtOH co-treatment/pretreatment is unable to modulate BPDE-induced p53 accumulation and p53 phosphorylation at ser15 and ser20 indicating increased DNA synthesis by EtOH is p53 independent. We also observed that EtOH co-treatment/pretreatment potentiates BPDE-induced phosphorylation and activation of ERKs only and not p38 MAPK. Interestingly, treatment of cells with MEK1 inhibitor (PD098059) significantly reduced ethanol's ability to increase DNA synthesis in BPDE treated cells. This finding indicates that the ability of EtOH to potentiate BPDE-induced ERK activation may potentiate PAH-induced tumorigenesis. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Jagat J. Mukherjee, Subodh Kumar. Ethanol overrides DNA synthesis inhibition in response to PAHs (tobacco smoke carcinogens): a mechanistic explanation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1581. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1581
A Study in Rural Uganda of Heterosexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Bailey Rc
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Largely ignored in the report by Quinn et al. of their study of the heterosexual transmission of HIV-1 in Uganda is the finding that 40 of 137 uncircumcised men who were negative for HIV-1 seroconverted whereas 0 of 50 circumcised men seroconverted. This finding suggests that male circumcision is at least as protective against female-to-male transmission of HIV-1 as low viral load in the female partner.  Yet the authors do not consider male circumcision among their list of possible strategies for the prevention of HIV-1 infection.  There are now more than 30 epidemiologic studies from sub-Saharan Africa dating back to 1987 that report a significant protective effect of male circumcision against HIV-1 infection.  Is it not time for those in Rakai Uganda (where Quinn et al. conducted their study) as well as others to benefit from these studies?  The feasibility of offering information on voluntary male circumcision and circumcision services to this community with a high prevalence of HIV-1 infection could at least be investigated.  Justice and scientific evidence demand it.  (full text)
Original article: Quality of life in rhinoconjunctivitis assessed with generic and disease‐specific questionnaires
Authors: K. D. Petersen, C. Kronborg, D. Gyrd‐Hansen, R. Dahl, J. N. Larsen, H. Løwenstein
Journal: Allergy (2008)

Background: Illness as perceived by the allergic patient with asthma and/or rhinoconjunctivitis (RC) can be assessed by measurements of their health‐related quality of life (HRQL). For this purpose the RC Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) has gained general acceptance; however, as most allergic patients experience symptoms from multiple organs, disease‐specific HRQL measures may be deficient. This study compares a generic and a disease‐specific HRQL instrument in grass and/or mite‐allergic patients. Methods: Two hundred and forty‐eight patients with RC and 121 patients with both RC and asthma were studied. Questionnaire information was obtained about allergy‐related RQLQ and a generic 15‐dimensional instrument for measuring HRQL (15D). Doctors provided general and disease‐specific information to classify disease severity according to the global initiative for asthma and allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma guidelines. Results: Rhinoconjunctivitis patients with persistent moderate‐to‐severe disease had an impaired quality of life on all items of RQLQ during allergen exposure. The 15D mean score was 0.98 on a day without allergy and 0.83 on a day with allergy ( P &lt; 0.001). The correlation between 15D and RQLQ was r = −0.42 on a day with allergy ( P &lt; 0.001). Only 15D scores showed statistically significant differences in HRQL between patients with and without asthma. Conclusion: During allergen exposure patients with RC experience a serious deterioration in HRQL measured with the disease‐specific RQLQ instrument and the generic 15D instrument. The 15D instrument seems to generate a more comprehensive view of the impact of allergen exposure on patient’s quality of life than RQLQ.
Twenty top tips to triumph in dermatology
Authors: A.Y. Finlay, C.E.M. Griffiths, J.A. McGrath
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Conflicts of interest: The authors want the best trainees to follow successful careers in academic dermatology. Funding sources: none. Madam, Not every aspiring clinician or clinical researcher makes it to the top. What are the secrets to success? Others have pointed the way.1, 2 But our non‐evidence‐based Triumvirate Twenty Top Tips (TTTTs), individually formulated then combined, are given below. ... ... These are personal thoughts. Although we haven’t always followed our own advice, we wish we had. Good luck! Thanks to Dr Bart Ramsay for suggesting this as a lecture subject to A.Y.F. in March 2011 and to Professor Alexander Enk for catalysing further thoughts at the ESDR Future Leaders meeting, Cascais, Portugal, November 2011.
Abstract 275: Clinical and demographic comparison between bladder cancer and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan
Authors: Min-Che Tung, Hsin-An Chen, Chih-Ming Su, Ming-Te Huang, Hung-Yi Chiou, Yuan-Hung Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Objective Urothelial carcinoma (UC) which is derived from the urothelium of the urinary tract includes cancers of bladder, renal pelvis and ureter. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and demographic features between bladder and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan. Material and methods The present study recruited a total of 736 histopathological confirmed UC cases, which consisted of 470 bladder cancer and 266 upper urinary tract UC (UTUC) cases. Clinical and demographic characteristics were collected by structured question interview and medical chart review. This study was approved by the institutional review boards of the collaborated hospitals. The effects of risk factors on UC risk were estimated by odds ratios (ORs) and its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using unconditional logistic regression. All statistical analyses were performed using Statistical Analysis Software for Windows, version 9.1 (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Results The frequencies of cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption in bladder cancer cases were significantly higher than that in UTUC cases. Compared with bladder cancer cases, UTUC cases also had a significantly higher frequencies of advanced tumor stage (T2-4) and poorly differentiation (G3). In a multivariate- adjusted logistic regression, we found the advanced stage (T2-4) was a significant prognostic factor of overall survival for bladder cancer and UTUC cases, especially the risk of the T4 stage in UTUC cases. Conclusion Our results showed that some clinical and demographic features between bladder and UTUC cases were different in Taiwan. Keywords: bladder cancer; ueothelial carcinoma; upper urinary tract Citation Format: Min-Che Tung, Hsin-An Chen, Chih-Ming Su, Ming-Te Huang, Hung-Yi Chiou, Yuan-Hung Wang. Clinical and demographic comparison between bladder cancer and upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma in Taiwan. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 275. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-275
Exposure to Cold Environment and Rhinovirus Common Cold
Authors: R. Gordon Douglas, Keith M. Lindgren, Robert B. Couch
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

The effect of exposure in a 4°C room and a 32°C water bath on experimentally induced rhinovirus Type 15 infection was studied in 44 antibody-free volunteers. Volunteers were exposed to cold at selected intervals: at inoculation; during incubation; during maximum illness; and during recovery. Infectivity, illness severity, quantitative virus-shedding patterns, antibody response, leukocyte response and bacteriologic flora of the upper respiratory tract were evaluated in subjects exposed to cold and in a similar number of controls. Although exposure to cold abolished the characteristic increase in neutrophils during illness, there were no significant changes in the other findings. Thus, this study demonstrated no effect of exposure to cold on host resistance to rhinovirus infection and illness that could account for the commonly held belief that exposure to cold influences or causes common colds.
Specific immunotherapy with a standardized Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus extract II. Prediction of efficacy of immunotherapy
Authors: Jean Bousquet, Adnan Hejjaoui, Anne-Marie Clauzel, Bernard Guérin, Henrietta Dhivert, Wienia Skassa-Brociek, François-Bernard Michel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)
Abstract MP66: Cheese Consumption and Blood Lipids; a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Janette de Goede, Johanna M Geleijnse, Eric L Ding, Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Aims: Cheese may have a different effect on lipids and lipoproteins than expected from the saturated fat content. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine the effect of cheese consumption on blood lipids and lipoproteins in healthy populations. Methods: A systematic search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cababstracts, Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Clinicaltrials.gov was performed to identify RCTs of cheese supplementation in human adults with total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides as a primary or secondary outcome (published until September 2013). A quantitative meta-analysis was performed if more than four RCTs with a comparable control treatment were available. Within person-differences of lipids with corresponding standard errors caused by the cheese compared to the control treatment were pooled (random effects model, STATA 11.0). Results: We identified 15 RCTs, published between 1978 and 2012. We pooled four RCTs comparing the effect of cheese intake to butter with a similar fat content on plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides. The amount of cheese used in these trials was rather large, ranging between 120 and 205 g/d. This is approximately equivalent to 3 to 5 cheese servings per day. Intake of cheese (weighted mean difference: 142.6 g/d) reduced total cholesterol significantly by -0.27 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.36 to -0.18), LDL-C by -0.21 mmol/l (95% CI: -0.29 to -0.13), and HDL-C by -0.05 (95% CI: -0.08 to -0.02) compared to butter. The pooled effect on triglycerides was 0.004 (95% CI: -0.058 to 0.065). No heterogeneity was observed (all I 2 =0%). Cheese was also compared with tofu (n=4 RCTs), fat-modified cheese (n=3), CLA-rich cheese (n=3), milk (n=2), fish (n=1), egg white (n=1). Trials that compared cheese with tofu or fat-modified cheese suggest that differential effects of the products can mainly be attributed to the differences in fatty acid content of the diets. Comparisons with CLA-rich cheese were of limited value because those studied the effects of CLA (and not cheese). Too few trials with milk, egg white, and fish were available to draw conclusions. Conclusions: Based on a limited number of trials, cheese appears less hypercholesterolemic than butter with a similar fat content. Differences in plasma lipids based on cheese compared with tofu and fat-modified products are likely to be caused by the different fat content of the total diets.
Body Mass Index, Serum Sex Hormones, and Breast Cancer Risk in Postmenopausal Women
Authors: T J Key, P N Appleby, G K Reeves, A Roddam, J F Dorgan, C Longcope, F Z Stanczyk, H E Stephenson, R T Falk, R Miller, A Schatzkin, D S Allen, I S Fentiman, T J Key, D Y Wang, M Dowsett, H V Thomas, S E Hankinson, P Toniolo, A Akhmedkhanov, K Koenig, R E Shore, A Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, F Berrino, P Muti, A Micheli, V Krogh, S Sieri, V Pala, E Venturelli, G Secreto, E Barrett-Connor, G A Laughlin, M Kabuto, S Akiba, R G Stevens, K Neriishi, C E Land, J A Cauley, L H Kuller, S R Cummings, K J Helzlsouer, A J Alberg, T L Bush, G W Comstock, G B Gordon, S R Miller, C Longcope
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2003)

Background: Obesity is associated with increased breast cancer risk among postmenopausal women. We examined whether this association could be explained by the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with serum sex hormone concentrations. Methods: We analyzed individual data from eight prospective studies of postmenopausal women. Data on BMI and prediagnostic estradiol levels were available for 624 case subjects and 1669 control subjects; data on the other sex hormones were available for fewer subjects. The relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of breast cancer associated with increasing BMI were estimated by conditional logistic regression on case–control sets, matched within each study for age and recruitment date, and adjusted for parity. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Breast cancer risk increased with increasing BMI (Ptrend = .002), and this increase in RR was substantially reduced by adjustment for serum estrogen concentrations. Adjusting for free estradiol reduced the RR for breast cancer associated with a 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI from 1.19 (95% CI = 1.05 to 1.34) to 1.02 (95% CI = 0.89 to 1.17). The increased risk was also substantially reduced after adjusting for other estrogens (total estradiol, non–sex hormone–binding globulin–bound estradiol, estrone, and estrone sulfate), and moderately reduced after adjusting for sex hormone–binding globulin, whereas adjustment for the androgens (androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and testosterone) had little effect on the excess risk. Conclusion: The results are compatible with the hypothesis that the increase in breast cancer risk with increasing BMI among postmenopausal women is largely the result of the associated increase in estrogens, particularly bioavailable estradiol.