tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 584: Enhanced chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells by telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus in combination therapy.
Authors: Shuhei Osaki, Tsuyoshi Sasaki, Hiroshi Tazawa, Joe Hasei, Yasuaki Yamakawa, Yuuri Hashimoto, Toshiyuki Kunisada, Yasuo Urata, Toshifumi Ozaki, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Osteosarcomas are the most common malignant bone tumors. Although the multi-agent chemotherapy has improved the long-term survival rate of osteosarcoma patients, some patients show a poor response to chemotherapy, leading to recurrence and poor prognosis. Therefore, the enhancement of chemosensitivity is required to cure patients with osteosarcomas. We recently developed a telomerase-speciﬁc replication-competent oncolytic adenovirus, Telomelysin (OBP-301), and confirmed the antitumor effect of OBP-301 in human osteosarcoma cells. A phase I clinical trial in US has also shown the safety of OBP-301 in cancer patients. In this study, we investigated whether OBP-301 enhances the antitumor effect of chemotherapeutic agents, doxorubicin and cisplatin, that are used for the treatment of osteosarcomas, and the molecular mechanism of chemotherapy- and OBP-301-mediated cell death pathway, autophagy and apoptosis, in human osteosarcoma cell lines. We used four human osteosarcoma cell lines, HOS, MNNG/HOS, 143B and SaOS2. OBP-301 is an attenuated adenovirus, in which the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) promoter element drives expression of E1A and E1B genes, and causes tumor-selective lysis in a variety of human malignant tumor cells with high telomerase activity. OBP-301 infection enhanced the cytotoxic effect of chemotherapeutic agents and the calculation of combination index revealed the synergistic effects in all human osteosarcoma cell lines. To analyze the molecular mechanism in the synergistic effect induced by combination therapy, western blot analysis for apoptosis (PARP) and autophagy (LC3, p62) was performed. Combination of OBP-301 increased both apoptosis (the cleavage of PARP) and autophagy (conversion of LC3-I to LC3-II and p62 downregulation) in the chemotherapeutic agents-treated human osteosarcoma cells. In contrast, the replication of OBP-301 was not suppressed by chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, combination therapy of chemotherapeutic agents with OBP-301 signiﬁcantly suppressed tumor growth in a subcutaneous xenograft tumor model compared to monotherapy with chemotherapeutic agents or OBP-301. These results suggest that combination therapy of chemotherapeutic agents with OBP-301 provides a novel therapeutic strategy for human osteosarcomas. Citation Format: Shuhei Osaki, Tsuyoshi Sasaki, Hiroshi Tazawa, Joe Hasei, Yasuaki Yamakawa, Yuuri Hashimoto, Toshiyuki Kunisada, Yasuo Urata, Toshifumi Ozaki, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara. Enhanced chemosensitivity of osteosarcoma cells by telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus in combination therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 584. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-584
Case 21-1977
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Clyde S. Crumpacker, Karl H. Proppe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 48-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of fever.He was well until 21 months previously, when he began to experience exertional dyspnea and fatigue. A physician found pancytopenia and referred him to this hospital. Examination revealed pallor, purpura, retinal hemorrhages and enlargement of the liver and spleen. An x-ray film of the chest showed a rounded nodule, 1 cm in diameter, in the left-upper-lung field; the lungs appeared normal in other respects, and the heart and mediastinum were normal. Fluoroscopic examination of the chest confirmed the presence of a calcified granuloma . . .
Pain control often neglected in war areas
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Pain control regimens are often neglected in emergency situations yet are often essential to patients' recovery, pain management specialist Dr Phil Lacoux of Medicins Sans Frontieres (MSF) said last week.

He claimed that a lack of awareness of the importance of pain control coupled with an exaggerated fear of clinical opiate use often led to unnecessary suffering and prolonged recovery time among populations emotionally traumatised by conflict.

Dr Lacoux believes it is possible to introduce pain management regimens run by local staff in emergencies in developing countries, but there …
Concurrent Plummer??s Disease and Parathyroid Adenoma
Authors: ONELIO GEATTI, GIOVANNI PROTO, ANNA MAZZOLINI, BRAHM SHAPIRO, PIER GIUSEPPE ORSOLON, UGO PAOLO GUERRA
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

When mild asymptomatic hypercalcemia occurs in a patient with hyperthyroidism, it may or may not be due to concurrent hyperparathyroidism and at times only the control of the hyperthyroidism will resolve the problem. Moreover, the presence of hyperfunctioning thyroid nodules will interfere with TI-201/Tc-99m pertechnetate parathyroid scintigraphy. Initial treatment of hyperthyroidism with I-131 in this situation controls hyperthyroidism and permits successful localization of parathyroid adenomas, which may then be excised—a result that was achieved in three cases.
Serum free DNA and COX-2 mRNA expression in peripheral blood for lung cancer detection
Authors: P Ulivi, L Mercatali, W Zoli, D Dell'Amore, V Poletti, G L Casoni, E Scarpi, E Flamini, D Amadori, R Silvestrini
Journal: Thorax (2008)

Lung cancer is the most frequently diagnosed tumour type and the leading cause of cancer mortality throughout the world. The prognosis of patients is strongly correlated with tumour stage,1 hence the importance of an accurate, easily usable diagnostic tool for early detection.

Low-dose spiral computed tomography (CT) has opened up interesting prospects for early diagnosis but is expensive, invasive and presents some limitations, especially in terms of specificity.2 Free circulating DNA levels have been shown to be higher in patients with lung cancer than in healthy individuals (including heavy smokers), suggesting that this marker could be an important tool to identify lung cancer in screening programmes.3 More recently, our group4 and other researchers5 have shown that plasma or serum free DNA is also significantly higher in patients with other cancer histotypes than in healthy donors. …
Needle-stick injuries in the National Health Service
Authors: D. Wallace
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

Elmiyeh and co-workers (July 2004 JRSM1) report a culture of silence on needle-stick injuries. As they indicate, clinicians do not easily change their practice.2

The case for post-exposure prophylaxis is well grounded3 though not yet (understandably) proven by a randomized controlled study. In the UK, the needle-stick injury needs to be reported in order to access such treatment, via occupational health or emergency services. However, there are other less tangible reasons for reporting. Criminal liability has been established for actions taken by a person who knew himself to be HIV-positive.4 What about the liability of doctors who know they have sustained a potentially infecting needle-stick injury? The Selby train crash showed that the driver who knew he was too tired to drive was liable for the consequences of falling asleep.5 Therefore there is a risk of liability for actions while hazardously infected, through an act of omission. This can only be determined by a legal test case, which I would not wish to be part of.

The final benefit is the certainty that comes from appropriate and conclusive infectious status testing. It was the above factors rather than the system-wide implications that I found most motivating—plus, as stated by Elmiyeh et al.1 the possibility of invalidating insurance cover—when several months ago I reported my own needle-stick injury from a high-risk case.
Temporal, quantitative, and functional characteristics of single-KIR–positive alloreactive natural killer cell recovery account for impaired graft-versus-leukemia activity after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Luca Vago, Barbara Forno, Maria Pia Sormani, Roberto Crocchiolo, Elisabetta Zino, Simona Di Terlizzi, Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini, Benedetta Mazzi, Serena K. Perna, Attilio Bondanza, Derek Middleton, Alessio Palini, Massimo Bernardi, Rosa Bacchetta, Jacopo Peccatori, Silvano Rossini, Maria Grazia Roncarolo, Claudio Bordignon, Chiara Bonini, Fabio Ciceri, Katharina Fleischhauer
Journal: Blood (2008)
Impact of Clostridium difficile on Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Mazen Issa, Aravind Vijayapal, Mary Beth Graham, Dawn B. Beaulieu, Mary F. Otterson, Sarah Lundeen, Susan Skaros, Lydia R. Weber, Richard A. Komorowski, Josh F. Knox, Jeanne Emmons, Jasmohan S. Bajaj, David G. Binion
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2007)
Cognitive simplicity and self-deception are crucial in martyrdom and suicide terrorism
Authors: Bernhard Fink, Robert Trivers
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2014)

Abstract Suicide attacks and terrorism are characterized by cognitive simplicity, which is related to self-deception. In justifying violence in pursuit of ideologically and/or politically driven commitment, people with high religious commitment may be particularly prone to mechanisms of self-deception. Related megalomania and glorious self-perception are typical of self-deception, and are thus crucial in the emergence and expression of (suicide) terrorism.
Value of a negative cervical smear
Authors: D. S Grimes
Journal: BMJ (1988)

CommentOur patient showed a remarkable initial response to high dose intravenous gammaglobulin.The effect on his arthritis was transient, but most of the systemic symptoms were appreciably reduced or absent during the first six months of treatment.A relapse occurred four months after gammaglobulin was stopped, but renewed administration induced the same beneficial effects as before.The mechanism of action is uncertain.Reactions between idiotypes and anti-idiotypes or blockade of the Fc receptors of the macrophages by the gammaglobulin could explain the increased circulating concentration of immune complexes.4We cannot explain the temporarily increased IgM rheumatoid factor concentration.High dose intravenous gammaglobulin may be useful in treating severe chronic systemic juvenile arthritis.We recommend that a double blind, randomised prospective trial of its effects should be performed.1 Imbach P, Barandin S, d'Apurizo V, et al.High-dose intravenous gammaglobulin for idiopathic thrombocytic purpura in childhood.
Urban Health Services: The Case of New York
Authors: Amasa B. Ford
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This book has three great virtues: It clarifies the nearly incomprehensible health care system of New York City; it is a team effort that works; and, as a book, it is compact and nicely printed. Eli Ginzberg and his staff have been students of medical economics, in and of New York, for more than 20 years. Six associates have collaborated to produce separate chapters on specific aspects of the problem, such as manpower, capitalization, ambulatory and emergency services, and the process of regionalization. These chapters are effectively pulled together by the concept of pluralism: the division of power and responsibility among the private ("Voluntary"), nonprofit, and public sectors of the community. The task the investigators set themselves was to make a critical assessment of the decision-making process in the health field. The picture of New York medical affairs recently offered by sensational newspaper accounts that described the battle over Lincoln
Implications of Methylation Patterns of Cancer Genes in Salivary Gland Tumors
Authors: Michelle D. Williams, Nitin Chakravarti, Merrill S. Kies, Shin-Ichiro Maruya, Jeffrey N. Myers, Joie C. Haviland, Randal S. Weber, Reuben Lotan, Adel K. El-Naggar
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: We investigated the methylation status and protein expression of four tumor suppressor genes to determine their role in salivary gland tumorigenesis. Experimental Design: We performed methylation-specific PCR and protein analyses of 29 normal salivary glands, 23 benign, and 79 malignant salivary gland neoplasms to determine the pattern and potential diagnostic and/or biological role of the RASSF1, RARβ2, DAPK, and MGMT tumor suppressor gene methylation in these tumors. Results: No methylation was detected in the normal tissues. Methylation occurred in 9 of 23 (39.1%) benign tumors; 3 (25.0%) pleomorphic adenomas and 6 (66.7%) Warthin's tumors at the MGMT, DAPK, or RASSF1 genes. Methylation occurred in 33 of 79 (41.8%) malignant tumors; 8 (30.8%) adenoid cystic carcinomas, 6 (33.3%) mucoepidermoid carcinomas, 6 (42.9%) acinic cell carcinomas, and 13 (62.0%) salivary duct carcinomas. RASSF1 and RARβ2 represented 75.8% of methylation events occurring most frequently in salivary duct and acinic cell carcinomas. Overall, we found no significant correlation between protein expression and methylation status of individual genes, but observed low or absent protein expression in several methylated tumors. Significant correlations were found between methylation and aggressive malignant phenotypes (P = 0.0004) and age (P = 0.05). Conclusions: (a) Benign and malignant salivary tumors differed in the frequency and pattern of gene methylation; (b) high-grade carcinomas were significantly methylated compared with low-grade phenotypes; (c) RASSF1 and RARβ2 were highly methylated in malignant tumors and can be targeted for therapy; and (d) methylation pattern may serve as a diagnostic and biological marker in assessing these tumors.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Caution still indicated
Authors: R. W. Schrier
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have become a major component of modern clinical therapeutics. These drugs are popular because of their effectiveness in a wide range of disorders commonly encountered in medical practice, including arthritis, tendonitis, orthopedic injuries, and even dysmenorrhea. While nephrologists would not debate that NSAIDs are clinically effective, the widespread use of these agents has resulted in a growing recognition that the drugs are capable of causing acute deterioration in renal function. Many nephrologists report that NSAIDs now rank behind only aminoglycosides as a cause of nephrotoxic acute renal failure (ARF) in their practices. Exact incidence data are not yet available; it is this important and pertinent issue that Fox and Jick<sup>1</sup>address in the current article on NSAIDs and renal failure. Of the several adverse effects these agents may have on renal function, two are most commonly recognized. The first is a reversible decrement in renal
Patients with melanoma are avoiding follow-up to get insurance
Authors: C. McArdle
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Malignant melanoma is the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer in the United Kingdom.1 Incidence has risen fourfold in the past four decades, to 17 cases per 100 000 in 2010, with 85% of patients presenting with localised stage I and II disease.2 Although the predicted survival rates for these patients at five years is 97% and 81%, the impact of melanoma can be life changing for patients, both personally and financially.3

Guidelines on melanoma revised by the British Association of Dermatologists in 2010 recommended up to five years of follow-up after initial diagnosis to examine for evidence of new lesions, recurrence, and potential spread of disease. 4 However, lately in my plastic surgery unit we have seen an alarming rise in the number of patients electing to withdraw from regular review because of difficulties in trying to secure insurance. Patients who do not attend follow-up or …
Standard-Dose vs High-Dose Multivitamin Supplements for HIV
Authors: Sebastian J. Padayatty, Mark Levine
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Lack of HIV Transmission in the Practice of a Dentist with AIDS
Authors: Harold W. Jaffe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To determine whether dentist-to-patient or patient-to-patient transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) occurred in the practice of a dentist who had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Design: Retrospective epidemiologic investigation supported by molecular virology studies. Setting: The practice of a dentist with AIDS in an area with a high AIDS prevalence. Participants: A dentist with AIDS, his former employees, and his former patients, including 28 patients with HIV infection. Measurements: Identification of potential risks for acquisition of HIV infection, genetic relatedness among HIV strains, and infection-control practices. Results: A dentist with known behavioral risks for HIV infection, who was practicing in an area of Miami, Florida, that had a high rate of reported AIDS cases, disclosed that he frequently did invasive procedures and did not always follow recommended infection-control procedures. Of 6474 patients who had records of receiving care from the dentist during his last 5 years of practice, 1279 (19.8%) were known to have been tested for HIV infection and 24 of those (1.9%) were seropositive. Four other patients with HIV infection were identified through additional case-finding activities. Of these 28 patients with HIV infection, all but 4 had potential behavioral risk factors for infection. Phylogenetic tree analysis of HIV genetic sequences from the dentist and 24 of the patients with HIV infection showed an absence of strong bootstrap support for any grouping and therefore did not indicate that the virus strains were linked. Conclusions: Despite identifying numerous patients with HIV infection, we found no evidence of dentist-to-patient or patient-to-patient transmission of HIV during dental care. Our findings are consistent with those of all previous studies in this area, with the exception of one that did identify such transmission.
LIGAND-INDUCED MOVEMENT OF LYMPHOCYTE MEMBRANE MACROMOLECULES
Authors: Emil R. Unanue, Morris J. Karnovsky, Howard D. Engers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1973)

Spleen lymphocytes were studied for the movement and interiorization of complexes of anti-Ig-surface Ig. The movement of the complex into a small, compact zone of the cell membrane (forming a cap) was inhibited by drugs that inhibited glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, but not by drugs that affected protein synthesis. Dead lymphocytes did not form caps. Freeze-etching techniques revealed that inhibited lymphocytes showed formation of multiple small complexes over the entire cell surface. Inhibitors of glycolysis and of oxidative phosphorylation also inhibited the interiorization and catabolism of radioiodinated anti-Ig. We hypothesize that cross-linking of all the surface Ig triggers the membrane movements that are required to pull the lattice into one zone of the cell.
Alzheimer's Disease and Down's Syndrome: New Insights
Authors: NEAL R. CUTLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Neuropathologic and neurochemical studies of older adults with Down's syndrome and those with Alzheimer's disease reveal striking similarities. Genetic studies indicate that near relatives of patients with Alzheimer's disease are at increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, and the risk appears to be age specific. These families with familial Alzheimer's disease have also been found to have a high incidence of Down's syndrome. Neurochemical data suggest that a cholinergic deficiency must be present for dementia to develop, and serial assessments of brain metabolic function with positron emission tomography in Alzheimer's disease have shown that the parietal lobe has reductions in metabolic function before the onset of neuropsychologic deficits in this brain region. Neuropsychologic testing indicates that patients with Down's syndrome over 35 years old have poorer cognitive skills than do younger patients. Brain metabolic function is excessively reduced in the demented adults with Down's syndrome.
Lactic acidosis secondary to severe anemia in a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
Authors: David W. Essex, David K. Jin, Thomas P. Bradley
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

A patient with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria developed lactic acidosis associated with severe anemia. The lactic acidosis corrected after blood transfusion. In the absence of shock, sepsis, or other identifiable causes of lactic acidosis, the severe anemia (hemoglobin 1.2 g/dl) appeared to be the primary etiologic factor. Am. J. Hematol. 55:110-111, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Differential effect of DPI 201-106 on the sensitivity of the myofilaments to Ca2+ in intact and skinned trabeculae from control and myopathic human hearts.
Authors: R J Hajjar, J K Gwathmey, G M Briggs, J P Morgan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

The effects of DPI, a new inotropic agent, were compared in trabeculae carneae from control and myopathic human hearts loaded with aequorin, a bioluminescent calcium indicator that emits light when it combines with calcium, and in saponin-skinned trabeculae carneae from the same hearts. The force-pCa curves in saponin-skinned fibers and the peak force-peak Ca2+ curves in aequorin-loaded preparations were not significantly different between the control and myopathic tissues. The force-pCa curve in the skinned and aequorin-loaded preparations from the same control hearts displayed no significant shifts with the addition of DPI. In contrast, a leftward shift was present in the force-calcium relationship in the presence of DPI in aequorin-loaded and skinned muscles from myopathic hearts, indicating an increase in the sensitivity of the myofilaments to calcium. These differences in the modulation of calcium activation between myopathic and control tissues indicate that pharmacological agents may produce differential effects in normal and diseased hearts.
Absolute Quantitative Comparison of Instantaneous QRS Equipotentials on a Normal Subject with Dipole Potentials on a Homogeneous Torso Model
Authors: ERNEST FRANK
Journal: Circulation Research (1955)

Quantitative results of a critical experiment designed to determine influence of human-body inhomogeneity and applicability of fixed-location dipole hypothesis for ventricular depolarization are presented. Results reflect in pictorial form, conclusions that the fixed-location dipole representation is approximately 95 per cent accurate for the QRS complex at any body-surface point; influence of inhomogeneities on surface potentials is roughly ±10 per cent.