tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2471: Contemporary Results of Isolated Aortic Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients in the Context of Emerging Percutaneous Approaches
Authors: Pierre Voisine, Siamak Mohammadi, Josep Rodés-Cabau, Patrick Mathieu, Jean Perron, Daniel Doyle, Richard Baillot, Éric Charbonneau, Éric Dumont, François Dagenais
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Percutaneous aortic valve replacement (AVR) is emerging as an alternative therapeutic approach for high-risk surgical patients, but criteria for patient selection are not clearly established. We sought to evaluate the perioperative and mid-term outcomes in a contemporary cohort of high-risk patients undergoing isolated AVR. Between 1997 and 2006, 855 consecutive patients underwent isolated AVR at our institution. High-risk patients (n=162, 19%) were defined by a preoperative Parsonnet score ≥ 30 or Euroscore ≥ 9. The remaining 693 patients (81%) composed the control group for comparison of perioperative mortality and mid-term freedom from all-cause and cardiac-related mortality. Mean follow up was 2.9±2.1 years. Perioperative mortality was 8.6% in the high-risk and 2.9% in the control group (p=0.0007), lower than that predicted by both scores (p&lt;0.05). Freedom from all-cause mortality at 1 and 5 years were 94% and 82% for the control group and 87% and 65% for high-risk patients (p&lt;0.0001). Freedom from cardiac-related mortality was also higher in the control (96% at 1 year, 91% at 5 years) than the high-risk (89% and 82%, p=0.0003) group. When considering patients who survived the 3-month perioperative period (537 in control, 114 in high-risk group), freedom from all-cause mortality was still higher in the former group at 1 and 5 years (99% vs 99% and 85% vs 75%, respectively, p=0.005), but freedom from cardiac-related mortality was not different (99% vs 100% and 94% vs 92%, respectively, p=0.3). By multivariate analysis, chronic renal failure, emergent procedures and reoperations were identified as independent predictors of mortality in high-risk patients. Contemporary perioperative mortality for isolated AVR in high-risk patients is lower than predicted by the Parsonnet score and Euroscore. Five-year survival in these patients is acceptable, and survivors of the operation experience the same cardiac-related survival benefit as those with standard perioperative risk. The perioperative survival benefit of percutaneous approaches for high-risk patients undergoing AVR remains to be demonstrated and, if present, should be weighed against mid-term outcome benefits of conventional surgical AVR.
Abstract 4190: Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery Normalizes Aortic Distensibility and Left Ventricular Function in Subjects with Morbid Obesity: A 3-year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Ignatios Ikonomidis, Andreas Mazarakis, Nikolaos Patsouras, Costas Papadopoulos, John Lekakis, Fotis Kalfarentzos, Dimitrios T Kremastinos, Dimitrios Alexopoulos
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Mordid obesity is associated with high incidence of heart failure. Aortic distensibility (AoD) is an important determinant of left ventricular (LV) function. We investigated whether a) increased body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ) is associated with impaired AoD and LV function b) weight loss after bariartic surgery (gastric by-pass) is associated with changes of AoD and LV function in subjects with morbid obesity after 3 and 36 months of follow-up. Methods : We studied 60 subjects (mean age 35±11 years) with morbid obesity (BMI&gt;40 kg/m2) by 2D, and Doppler Echocardiography. AoD was calculated using the formula 2 x (pulsatile change in aortic diameter)/[diastolic aortic diameter x (aortic pulse pressure)](normal range:2.4 – 4.4 cm2xdyn(−1)x10(−6)).Aortic diameters were measured 3cm above the aortic valve by 2D guided M-mode echocardiography and aortic pulse pressure was obtained simultaneously by cuff sphygmo-manometry 3 and 36 months after surgery. Results : All patients had normal systolic function before and after surgery. Aortic distensibility was severely impaired before surgery (table ). Increasing BMI was related to decreasing AoD (r=0.43,p&lt;0.01) and increased interventicular septum (IVS) and posterior (PW) wall thickness (IVS: r=0.57, PW: r=0.58, p&lt;0.01) before surgery. Decreasing AoD was related to prolonged IVRT (r=0.43, p&lt;0.01) and DT (r=0.40, p&lt;0.05). Three months after surgery, BMI, LV diastolic diameter (LVDmm), IVS(mm), PW(mm), isovolumic relaxation time (IVRT sec) and decelaration time ( DTsec) were reduced whereas AoD was increased. (table , p&lt;0.01). After 36 months, there was a further improvement in AoD and BMI The decrease of BMI was related to improvement of AoD at 36 months of f/u (r=0.40 p=0.008). Conclusion. . Weight reduction after bariatric surgery normalises aortic distensibility, reduces LV hypertrophy and thus, improves LV diastolic function early and 36 months after surgery.
Psychiatric disorder in a sample of the general population with and without chronic medical conditions
Authors: K B Wells, J M Golding, M A Burnam
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors studied data on psychiatric disorders and eight chronic medical conditions in a community sample of 2,554 persons. The sex- and age-adjusted prevalence of any psychiatric disorder in the preceding 6 months was 24.7% and of lifetime psychiatric disorder was 42.2% among persons with one or more medical conditions, compared to 17.5% and 33.0%, respectively, for persons with no medical condition. Persons with chronic medical conditions were more likely to have lifetime substance use disorders and recent affective and anxiety disorders. Arthritis, cancer, lung disease, neurological disorder, heart disease, and physical handicap were strongly associated with psychiatric disorders, but hypertension and diabetes were not.
Screening Sigmoidoscopy and Colorectal Cancer
Authors: William M. Tierney, Joe V. Selby, Gary D. Friedman, Charles P. Quesenberry, Noel S. Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Periodic screening by sigmoidoscopic examination in asymptomatic persons has been recommended for more than 30 years as a means of reducing mortality from colorectal cancer.13 Evidence supporting this recommendation, however, is limited, and experts disagree as to whether sigmoidoscopy should be included in the periodic health examination.48 Colorectal cancer, with a cumulative incidence of 5.1% in men and 3.9% in women by age 74,9 is the second leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States. More than 145,000 new cases and 61,000 deaths from this disease were expected in 1987.10 Thus screening tests that can lead to earlier detection and improved survival are needed. In addition to earlier detection, screening sigmoidoscopy may reduce the incidence of colorectal cancer through removal of premalignant adenomatous polyps.
Final Results Of a Phase I Study Of The Anti-CD22 Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) DCDT2980S With Or Without Rituximab (RTX) In Patients (Pts) With Relapsed Or Refractory (R/R) B-Cell Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (NHL)
Authors: Ranjana Advani, Andy I. Chen, Daniel Lebovic, Mark W. Brunvand, Andre Goy, Julie E. Chang, Ephraim Hochberg, Sreeni Yalamanchili, Robert Kahn, Dan Lu, Akiko Chai, Yu-Waye Chu, Bruce D. Cheson
Journal: Blood (2013)
Regulation of the PI3K/AKT Pathway and Fuel Utilization During Primate Torpor in the Gray Mouse Lemur, <i>Microcebus Murinus</i>
Authors: Shannon N. Tessier, Jing Zhang, Kyle K. Biggar, Cheng-Wei Wu, Fabien Pifferi, Martine Perret, Kenneth B. Storey
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2015)

Abstract Gray mouse lemurs (Microcebus murinus) from Madagascar present an excellent model for studies of torpor regulation in a primate species. In the present study, we analyzed the response of the insulin signaling pathway as well as controls on carbohydrate sparing in six different tissues of torpid versus aroused gray mouse lemurs. We found that the relative level of phospho-insulin receptor substrate (IRS-1) was significantly increased in muscle, whereas the level of phospho-insulin receptor (IR) was decreased in white adipose tissue (WAT) of torpid animals, both suggesting an inhibition of insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) signaling during torpor in these tissues. By contrast, the level of phospho-IR was increased in the liver. Interestingly, muscle, WAT, and liver occupy central roles in whole body homeostasis and each displays regulatory controls operating at the plasma membrane. Changes in other tissues included an increase in phospho-glycogen synthase kinase 3α (GSK3α) and decrease in phospho-ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6) in the heart, and a decrease in phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the kidney. Pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) that gates carbohydrate entry into mitochondria is inhibited via phosphorylation by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (e.g., PDK4). In the skeletal muscle, the protein expression of PDK4 and phosphorylated PDH at Ser 300 was increased, suggesting inhibition during torpor. In contrast, there were no changes in levels of PDH expression and phosphorylation in other tissues comparing torpid and aroused animals. Information gained from these studies highlight the molecular controls that help to regulate metabolic rate depression and balance energetics during primate torpor.
Abstract P15: Periodic Acceleration (pGz) Preconditioning in Swine Increases Endothelial Derived NO and Phosphorylated eNOS via Akt Pathway
Authors: Jose A Adams, Jaqueline Arias, Jorge Bassuk, Heng Wu, Arkady Uryash, Keith Webster, Gervasio Lamas, Paul Kurlansky
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Periodic acceleration (pGz) is the motion of the supine body using a motorized platform (3Hz &amp; ±0.4G). pGz produces pulsatile shear stress increasing release of endothelial derived NO (eNO) which, also decreases myocardial stunning and improves outcomes from ventricular fibrillation (VF) cardiac arrest. Preconditioning with pGz (PRE-pGz) prior to VF cardiac arrest ameliorates global post resuscitation cardiac dysfunction and reduces arrhythmias. To test whether pGz and PRE-pGz increase eNOS and phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS) via the PI3-kinase-Akt pathway, anesthetized, intubated male swine (40 –50lbs) were studied. Five animals had no intervention (BL) and 5 received 1 hr pGz preconditioning (pGz) followed by Western Blot of myocardial tissue. Additional animals (10 per group) received 1 hr pGz (PRE-pGz) or no treatment (CPR-CONT). In the latter groups VF was electrically induced and unsupported for 8 min followed by continuous manual chest compression and defibrillation for 10 min or until return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). PRE-pGz animals showed less hemodynamically significant arrhythmias after ROSC than CPR-CONT (35 vs 7; p&lt;0.05) and less myocardial stunning. eNOS and phosphorylated-eNOS (p-eNOS) significantly increased after pGz and after CPR but were significantly higher in pGz preconditioned animals along with increased phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt). The graph below shows % changes relative to BL (M±SD). *p &lt; 0.01 PRE-pGz vs CPR-CONT. Conclusion: pGz applied prior to ischemia reperfusion injury increases eNOS and p-eNOS expression and increased p-Akt. Thus, pGz preconditioning protects myocardium during I-R in part by activating eNOS through p-Akt
最新进展 皮肤活检：诊断外周神经病的新方法
Authors: Giuseppe, Lauria, Raffaella, Lombardi, 卢朝辉（译）, 陈杰（校）
Journal: BMJ (2007)

外周神经病在一般人群中的发病率约为2％，但在有一到两项危险因素的人群中发病率上升到12％～17％。糖尿病是最常见的危险因素之一，在糖尿病史25年以上的患者中，半数罹患外周神经病。糖尿病性神经病和其他外周神经病的早期症状主要由机体细神经纤维变性引起，这也是惟一受累的神经。然而，“细纤维神经病”却不能被任何物理的、神经生理和神经病理学的方法检测到。在过去的十年中，皮肤活检成为最受欢迎的诊断细纤维神经病变的手段。它使得全科医师和其他非专科医师（如糖尿病医师和整形外科医师）能够诊断神经病变，查找其病因并有针对性地治疗神经痛，从而避免了延迟诊断和误诊。
Abstract 253: Method for Minimal Delay Triggering of VF Detection During Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Jean-philippe Didon, Sarah Menetre, Irena Jekova, Vessela Krasteva
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The detection of ventricular fibrillation (VF) by Automated External Defibrillators (AED) during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is influenced by artifacts from chest compressions (...
Abstract 864: Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-Induced Myocardial Angiogenesis: Role of NADPH Oxidase Derived Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)
Authors: Jian Xiong Chen, Heng Zeng, Barbara Meyrick
Journal: Circulation (2006)

NADPH oxidase is the major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cardiovascular system and plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, d...
Pathology of Central-Nervous-System Diseases in Childhood Leukemia
Authors: R. A. Price
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (1980)

Before the 1950's, the prognosis for children who developed acute lymphocytic leukemia was uniformly poor. Despite therapy that included transfusions and occasionally irradiation to enlarge the viscera and mediastinal masses, 50% of all children who developed this disease died during the first six months following diagnosis and rarely did a child survive beyond nine months (1). Late in the 1940's, Dr. Farber and his associates succeeded in achieving temporary remissions in five children with leukemia by using the folic acid antagonist 4-aminopterol glutamic acid (2). This success lead to the development of more potent anti-leukemic drugs capable of prolonging initial remissions.
Dendritic Cell Vaccine Treatment for B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Clinical Trial in Progress
Authors: Yi Lin, Thomas Atwell, Adam Weisbrod, Mary Maas, Adam S. Armstrong, Michael Deeds, Peggy A Bulur, Michael Gustafson, Zhe (Jenny) Zhang, Stefan Cordes, Luis F. Porrata, Svetomir N. Markovic, Patrick B. Johnston, Ivana N. Micallef, David J. Inwards, Joseph P. Colgan, Stephen M. Ansell, Dennis A. Gastineau, Allan B Dietz, Thomas E. Witzig
Journal: Blood (2014)
Abstract 356: Resuscitation With Different Infusion Solutions does not Influence Binding of Dabigatran to its Specific Antidote in a Pig Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
Authors: Oliver Grottke, Joanne van Ryn, Christian Zentai, Hugo ten Cate, Rolf Rossaint, Henri Spronk
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: A specific antibody fragment (Fab) is currently in development to reverse the effects of dabigatran in cases of life-threatening bleeding or emergency surgery. In trauma, different volume expanders are used for resuscitation to compensate for blood loss and hemorrhagic shock, but it is unknown if these volume expanders can influence binding of dabigatran to the Fab. In this study we investigated whether frequently used infusion solutions affect binding of dabigatran to its antidote. Methods: After ethical approval, pigs were treated for 3 days with dabigatran etexilate (DE, 30 mg/kg bid). Prior to hemorrhagic shock a 90 min infusion of dabigatran (30 min; 0.77mg/kg/h; 60 min: 0.26 mg/kg/min) was performed in anesthetized pigs. Then ~50% (100 mL/min) of total blood volume was removed. Animals were randomized to (n=5/group): balanced Ringer’s solution, 6% HES 130/0.4, 6% HES 200/0.5, 4% gelatin, transfusion of washed red blood cells (RBC) or control (no hemodilution). Resuscitation consisted of 1:1 to blood loss for crystalloids, 25 mL/kg for colloids, and 12 mL/kg for RBC. Antidote was then given (30 mg/kg iv) and serial blood samples were taken for up to 24 hrs to measure active dabigatran as diluted thrombin time (dTT) and total dabigatran (bound to antidote and free drug) by LC-MS/MS. Antidote concentrations were measured by ELISA and the half-life calculated in each group. Data expressed as mean ± SE and analyzed with ANOVA. Results: Hemodilution caused a substantial reduction of hematological parameters (hemoglobin, platelets etc) with all agents, except after RBC transfusion and control. Mean plasma dabigatran levels were 640 ± 60 ng/mL after infusion and 625 ± 123 ng/mL after the ~50% hemodilution without significant differences between groups. Administration of 30 mg/kg iv Fab resulted in a comparable reduction of active dabigatran in all groups. In addition the amount of total dabigatran (bound to antidote and free drug) was not significantly different across groups. Half-life of Fab was 3.2 ± 0.1 hrs in control animals and was not significantly different in animals with hemodilution. Conclusions: Clinically used infusion solutions for volume resuscitation do not interfere with binding of dabigatran to its specific antidote.
Devolution in Swedish health care
Authors: F. Diderichsen
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editorial p 1155 Education and debate pp 1195 −1205 News p 1166 Personal view p 1221 Letters p 1215 

Spending on welfare in Sweden increased from 5% of gross domestic product in the 1930s to 40% in 1980. How can a democratic state justify spending nearly half of the population's income on health and welfare year after year? The political will to sustain this level of spending will survive only if the welfare state, particularly health care, is seen to be accessible, efficient, and equitable.1 And such expansion in spending is possible only if the administration of the system is strong and highly accountable. In 1982, in an attempt to protect these principles and to ensure closer matching to local values, needs, and priorities, the Swedish government devolved these responsibilities to county councils. It abolished many detailed national regulations for health care and laid down only general goals for county councils, such as health gain and equal access to care. The resulting system illustrates the tensions inherent in any system of devolution—and the ever present pressures that tend …
Abstract 15991: Associations of Pentraxin-3 With Cardiovascular Events, Incident Heart Failure and Mortality Among Persons With Coronary Heart Disease: Data From the Heart and Soul Study
Authors: Ruth Dubin, Yongmei Li, Joachim H Ix, Michael Shlipak, Mary Whooley, Carmen A Peralta
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Pentraxin-3 (PTX3) is an inflammatory marker thought to be more specific to vascular inflammation than C-reactive protein (CRP). Whether PTX3 is independently associated with adverse ev...
A comparison of filtered leukocyte-reduced and cytomegalovirus (CMV) seronegative blood products for the prevention of transfusion- associated CMV infection after marrow transplant [see comments]
Authors: RA Bowden, SJ Slichter, M Sayers, D Weisdorf, M Cays, G Schoch, M Banaji, R Haake, K Welk, L Fisher
Journal: Blood (1995)
Tanji H, Ishikawa C, Sawada S, Nakachi S, Takamatsu R, Matsuda T, Okudaira T, Uchihara J-N, Ohshiro K, Tanaka Y, Senba M, Uezato H, Ohshima K, Duc Dodon M, Wu K-J, Mori N. Aberrant expression of the transcription factor Twist in adult T-cell leukemia [published online ahead of print January 13, 2010]. Blood. doi:10.1182/blood-2009-07-232231.
Authors: Naoki Mori
Journal: Blood (2010)
Abstract 4331: Elevated Albumin Excretion is an Independent Risk Factor in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Data from the GISSI-Heart Failure Trial
Authors: Serge Masson, Luciano Moretti, Ospedale Mazzoni, Maria Grazia Rossi, Emanuele Carbonieri, Anna Frisinghelli, Alessandra Gualco, Sergio Minneci, Massimiliano Valisi, Valentina Milani, Aldo P Maggioni, Roberto Latini
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Elevated albuminuria, a marker of endothelial renal damage, is a risk factor for cardiovascular events in the general population and in patients with diabetes or hypertension. We report here on its association with mortality in a large population of patients with chronic HF. Albuminuria (albumin/creatinine concentration ratio in a morning spot sample, UACR) was determined in 2131 patients with chronic HF enrolled in 77 centers participating to the GISSI-HF trial. Patients were divided according to normal (UACR &lt;30 mg/g) and abnormal urinary excretion of albumin (≥30 mg/g). Association between elevated albuminuria and all-cause mortality was tested by univariable and multivariable analyses. Elevated albuminuria was found in 25.3% of the population (age 67±11 y, 78.9% males, 30.1% NYHA class III-IV, 55.5% hypertension, 26.1% diabetes) and was more frequent in older patients, those with reduced renal function, diabetes or high CRP. Mortality was significantly higher in patients with elevated albuminuria (20.1% at 1000 days) compared to normals (9.0%, p&lt;0.0001). Elevated albuminuria remained an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (HR [95%CI] 1.47 [1.18 –1.82]) in a Cox model adjusted for clinical risk factors such as age, gender, NYHA class, renal function, diabetes, BMI and blood pressure. About a quarter of the patients enrolled in the GISSI-HF trial had abnormal urinary albumin excretion, a marker for both renal and systemic vascular disease. We show for the first time in a large representative sample that elevated albuminuria is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in patients with chronic HF.
Helicobacter pylori and surgery
Authors: D Karat, S M Griffin, S Khulusi, T D Heymann, P. D Willson, D G Colin-Jones, C D Roseveare, J. Danesh, R. Peto
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Hypoxic responses in infants Subjecting infants to low oxygen concentrations seems unethicalEditor-The ethics of Parkins et al's study depend partly on whether there is any potential benefit to the infants from the experiment. 1 If parents subject their infant to low oxygen concentrations in an aeroplane they take a risk which is balanced against the benefit of air travel.Unless there is some real prospect of identifying infants at risk and offering useful protection against the sudden infant death syndrome, it seems to me to be unethical to subject those infants to the risk of exposure to low oxygen concentration.The fact that some of the families had previously experinced the loss of a child may have increased the likelihood of compliance.This makes me even more worried about the ethics of the study.
Results Of a Phase 2 Randomized, Open-Label, Study Of Lower Doses Of Quizartinib (AC220; ASP2689) In Subjects With FLT3-ITD Positive Relapsed Or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Authors: Jorge E. Cortes, Martin S Tallman, Gary Schiller, Denise Trone, Guy Gammon, Stuart Goldberg, Alexander E Perl, Jean-Pierre Marie, Giovanni Martinelli, Mark Levis
Journal: Blood (2013)