tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Indoor Mercury Vapor in Common Areas of Residential Buildings with Outdoor Levels in a Community Where Mercury Is Used for Cultural Purposes
Authors: Gary Garetano, Michael Gochfeld, Alan H. Stern
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2005)

Elemental mercury has been imbued with magical properties for millennia, and various cultures use elemental mercury in a variety of superstitious and cultural practices, raising health concerns for users and residents in buildings where it is used. As a first step in assessing this phenomenon, we compared mercury vapor concentration in common areas of residential buildings versus outdoor air, in two New Jersey cities where mercury is available and is used in cultural practices. We measured mercury using a portable atomic absorption spectrometer capable of quantitative measurement from 2 ng/m3 mercury vapor. We evaluated the interior hallways in 34 multifamily buildings and the vestibule in an additional 33 buildings. Outdoor mercury vapor averaged 5 ng/m3; indoor mercury was significantly higher (mean 25 ng/m3; p<0.001); 21% of buildings had mean mercury vapor concentration in hallways that exceeded the 95th percentile of outdoor mercury vapor concentration (17 ng/m3), whereas 35% of buildings had a maximum mercury vapor concentration that exceeded the 95th percentile of outdoor mercury concentration. The highest indoor average mercury vapor concentration was 299 ng/m3, and the maximum point concentration was 2,022 ng/m3. In some instances, we were able to locate the source, but we could not specifically attribute the elevated levels of mercury vapor to cultural use or other specific mercury releases. However, these findings provide sufficient evidence of indoor mercury source(s) to warrant further investigation.
GW25-e3203 Hemodynamic effects of short-term infusion of recombinant human atrial natriuretic peptide (rhANP) for congestive heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: Wang Pengbo, Huang Jie, Tan Huiqiong, Liu Wenxian, Zhang Jian, Liao Zhongkai, Yu Litian, Mao Yi, Ye Shaodong, Feng Lei, Zhang Yuhui, Wang Yang, Li Wei, Luan Xiaojun, Wang Sijia, Bai Shugong, Wang Guogan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
201-THALLIUM MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION SPECT IMAGING
Authors: Z. Khader, D. C. Costa, P. Jarritt, Gill Clarke, J. Boomanji, P. J. Eil
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Khader, Z.; Costa, D. C.; Jarritt, P.; Clarke, Gill; Boomanji, J.; Eil, P. J. Author Information
Risk factors for cytomegalovirus and severe bacterial infections following liver transplantation: a prospective multivariate time-dependent analysis
Authors: Carlos V. Paya, Russell H. Wiesner, Paul E. Hermans, Jeffrey J. Larson-Keller, Duane M. Ilstrup, Ruud A.F. Krom, Steven Rettke, Thomas F. Smith
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
Echocardiographic diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle.
Authors: J Roelandt, M Brand, W B Vletter, J Nauta, P G Hugenholtz
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The echocardiographic features of postinfarction pseudoaneurysm of the left ventricle are described for the first time. Because ultrasound allows the detection of soft-tissue structures in a manner not possible with other diagnostic techniques, the left ventricular wall can be visualized separating the left ventricular cavity from the saccular aneurysm which is delineated by pericardium and/or extracardiac tissue. In addition to these anatomic findings, relevant qualitative hemodynamic data can also be obtained. Echocardiography seems to be a safe and specific method for the diagnosis of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm. It is suggested that echocardiography should be used in the incipeint phase of pseudoaneurysm formation to detect subacute cardiac rupture.
Mechanisms of tubular volume retention in immune-mediated glomerulonephritis
Authors: Juliane Gadau, Harm Peters, Christian Kastner, Hartmut Kühn, Melina Nieminen-Kelhä, Dmytro Khadzhynov, Stephanie Krämer, Hayo Castrop, Sebastian Bachmann, Franziska Theilig
Journal: Kidney International (2009)
Health-Insurance Plans
Authors: Nathaniel W. Faxon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1946)

DOCTORS and hospitals cannot maintain a policy of isolationism in modern society any more than can governments and countries in the present economic world. The study of the interdependent relations that result is called "medical sociology." Today we are to explore some of the problems of medical sociology involving hospitals, but we shall soon discover that there are no watertight compartments in medical sociology, and that a study of hospital problems immediately involves doctors, patients and prospective patients.The subject of this lecture is clear in its intent, as is the main objective — namely, better medical care at costs . . .
Assaying extrachromosomal gene therapy vectors that carry replication/persistence elements
Authors: Christopher R Sclimenti, Michele P Calos
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (1998)

Persistence in the cell is a desirable property for most gene therapy vectors. For extrachromosomal vectors, persistence is limited in most cell types. To address this problem, we have developed vectors with the ability to replicate and be retained in the nucleus. These properties are conferred by specific elements present on the vectors and derived from genomic DNA and from Epstein-Barr virus. In order to begin evaluation of these vectors for use in gene therapy, we developed and present here two assays that measure the persistence of vector DNA in tissue culture cells under rapidly dividing and slowly dividing conditions. Our results indicate that inclusion of DNA replication and nuclear retention elements on a vector increases persistence of vector DNA in slowly dividing cells by at least 500%. Further improvement of the system is discussed.
Comprehensive Textbook of AIDS Psychiatry
Authors: Antolin C. Trinidad
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proarrhythmic Effect of Pacemaker Stimulation in Patients With Implanted Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Ewald Himmrich, Oliver Przibille, Christian Zellerhoff, Andreas Liebrich, Stefan Rosocha, Klaus Andreas, Dirk Nebeling, Babatunde Omogbehin, Jürgen Meyer
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— We sought to determine the potential of right ventricular VVI backup pacing to induce ventricular tachyarrhythmias in patients with implanted cardioverter-defibrillators. Methods and Results— All consecutive patients presenting exclusively with pacemaker-induced tachycardias (PITs) were included in a prospective study using a crossover protocol. Patients were randomized to either group 1 (augmentation of the baseline frequency of the pacemaker to 60 bpm) or group 2 (pacemaker turned off) and were followed up for 1 year and then crossed over to the other programming, looking for reoccurrence of PIT. Of 150 consecutive patients, 39 (26%) had PIT, 13 of them exclusively (8.6%). Forty of 1063 analyzed tachyarrhythmias of all the patients were PIT (3%). Before inclusion in the study, the patients had 2.7±0.9 PITs in 11±6.5 months with their pacemakers programmed empirically at 42.3 bpm. During the study phase, no PIT occurred while the pacemaker was turned off, whereas programming to 60 bpm led to the recurrence of PIT in 5 of 6 patients (1.4±0.6 per patient). At the end of the study, 9 patients underwent a prolonged follow-up with their pacemakers turned off, resulting in spontaneous episodes of ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation in 5 patients, but PITs were no longer observed. Conclusions— This crossover protocol proves the potential proarrhythmic effect of pacemaker stimulation in implantable cardioverter-defibrillator patients. Resulting PITs led to clinical symptoms and antitachycardia therapy by the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Thus, in patients presenting with PIT but without a pacemaker indication, the pacemaker feature should be turned off, or, alternatively, the longest possible escape interval should be programmed.
Rotator cuff strength weakness in recurrent anterior shoulder instability physiopathology
Authors: P Edouard, L Beguin, F Farizon, P Calmels
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Although rotator cuff contractions play an important role in stabilizing the glenohumeral joint, little is known about the role of these muscles in physiopathological recurrent anterior instability. Objective To analyze the association between isokinetic internal rotator (IR) and external rotator (ER) muscle strength and glenohumeral joint instability in patients with nonoperated recurrent anterior instability. Design Case-control study. Setting Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Laboratory setting. Participants 48 subjects participated: 37 patients (25±8 yr, 179±6 cm, 74±9 kg) and 11 healthy nonathletic subjects (24±1 yr, 178±5 cm, 70±9 kg). Interventions ER and IR strength of 37 patients with unilateral recurrent anterior post-traumatic shoulder dislocation were compared with those of 11 healthy nonathletic subjects. Isokinetic shoulder IR and ER strength was evaluated with a Con-Trex dynamometer, in the seated position with 45° of shoulder abduction in the scapular plane. Tests were performed at 180°/s, 120°/s and 60°/s in concentric mode for both sides. Main outcome measurements Peak torque normalised to body weight for IR and ER and ER/IR ratio were calculated for each angular velocity. The association between IR and ER strength and shoulder instability was analyzed by side-to-side comparisons and comparisons to the control group. Results The association between shoulder instability and IR and ER strength was associated with side-to-side differences (p&lt;0.05). By comparisons to a control group, strength values were lower on the pathological shoulder side than on the healthy homolateral shoulder side of controls at 180°/s and 120°/s (p&lt;0.05). The side-to-side differences were increased when the nondominant side was involved and were decreased when dominant side was involved. We found no association between glenohumeral joint instability and ER/IR ratio. Conclusion IR and ER strength weakness was associated with recurrent anterior instability and side-to-side differences depended on the dominance of the side involved.
Impaired Cell-Mediated Immunity in Hodgkin's Disease Mediated by Suppressor Lymphocytes and Monocytes
Authors: Stephen M. Hillinger, Geoffrey P. Herzig
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

In Hodgkin's disease a possible mechanism for impaired cellular immunity is cell-mediated suppression, defined as the inhibitory interaction between suppressor cells and effector lymphocytes. To test for the presence of suppressor cells in peripheral blood, we have modified the standard, one-way mixed lymphocyte culture by adding mitomycin C-treated mononuclear cells from the responder. Suppression, expressed as a percent of the base-line mixed lymphocyte culture in which these extra cells are not present, results in a reduction of thymidine incorporated in the modified culture (i.e., 100% suppression = no net thymidine incorporation; 0% suppression = identical thymidine incorporation in both the modified and baseline culture). Suppression was found to be significantly increased in patients with both active Hodgkin's disease (78+/-4.6%) and remission Hodgkin's disease (58+/-9.3%) compared to normal individuals (21+/-6.9%) (mean+/-SE). The degree and frequency of suppression were not influenced by disease stage or prior therapy. Cell purification techniques revealed (in 10 patients studied) the suppressor cell to be a monocyte in 6, and a thymus-derived lymphocyte in 4. Possible genetic restriction of the suppressor cell interaction was indicated by a failure of suppressor cells to alter the response of lymphocytes from unrelated individuals, but suppression was obtained with lymphocytes from a histocompatible sibling. Although mononuclear cells from normal individuals suppress less frequently than cells from patients with Hodgkin's disease, normals may demonstrate suppression comparable to that observed in Hodgkin's patients. This finding suggests that suppression is a normal immunoregulatory mechanism which is altered in Hodgkin's disease.
Garlic for Total Cholesterol Reduction
Authors: Larry D. Lawson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Letters3 July 2001Garlic for Total Cholesterol ReductionLarry D. Lawson, PhDLarry D. Lawson, PhDPlant Bioactives Research Institute; Orem, UT 84058 (Lawson)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-135-1-200107030-00029 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:To investigate “the effect of garlic on total cholesterol level in persons with elevated levels,” Stevinson and colleagues (1) performed a thorough meta-analysis of trials conducted with garlic supplements. Such an undertaking assumes that consumption of garlic supplements and consumption of garlic cloves result in similar levels of active compounds in the body. However, no clinical trial has yet used a garlic supplement that has demonstrated bioavailability of the probable active compounds of garlic. This is a crucial point because considerable evidence indicates that most of garlic's effect on cholesterol reduction is due to allicin (2), a ...References1. Stevinson C, Pittler MH, Ernst E. Garlic for treating hypercholesterolemia. A meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:420-9. [PMID: 0010992573] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Lawson LD. Garlic: a review of its medicinal effects and indicated active compounds.. In: Lawson LD, Bauer R, eds. Phytomedicines of Europe: Chemistry and Biological Activity. American Chemical Society Symposium Series 691. Washington, DC: American Chemical Soc; 1998:176-209. Google Scholar3. Jansen H, Müller B, Knobloch K. Characterization of an alliin lyase preparation from garlic (Allium sativum). Planta Med. 1989;55:434-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Berthold HK, Sudhop T, von Bergmann K. Effect of a garlic oil preparation on serum lipoproteins and cholesterol metabolism: a randomized, controlled trial. JAMA. 1998;279:1900-2. [PMID: 0009634262] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. Lawson LD. Effect of garlic on serum lipids [Letter]. JAMA. 1998;280:1568. [PMID: 0009820256] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Plant Bioactives Research Institute; Orem, UT 84058 (Lawson) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoGarlic for Treating Hypercholesterolemia Clare Stevinson , Max H. Pittler , and Edzard Ernst Garlic for Total Cholesterol Reduction Clare Stevinson , Max H. Pittler , and Edzard Ernst Metrics Cited byDiallyl Disulfide-Induced Apoptosis in a Breast-Cancer Cell Line (MCF-7) May Be Caused by Inhibition of Histone DeacetylationDietary SupplementsA Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Garlic as an Anti-Hyperlipidemic Agent 3 July 2001Volume 135, Issue 1Page: 65-66KeywordsCholesterolClinical trialsHypercholesterolemiaOilsProteases ePublished: 3 July 2001 Issue Published: 3 July 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Focusing on infection prevention to slow antimicrobial resistance rates
Authors: S. J. Dancer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

<b>Aims and objectives:</b> To compare on the bench respirators for intermediate care to deliver VT. <b>Methods:</b> Four turbine-powered ventilators (double limb circuit) and one ICU ventilator were set in volume controlled mode at constant flow inflation and connected to ASL 5000 lung model. Four conditions were set at the ASL: normal (compliance (C) 60 ml/cmH2O, inspiratory (Ri) and expiratory (Re) resistance 5 cmH2O/L/S), COPD (C 75, Ri 15, Re 25), ARDS (C 33, Ri 15, Re 25) and children (C10, Ri 50, Re 50). For each lung condition, two VT (300 and 500 ml) and two PEEP (5 and 10 cm H2O) were tested. For children targeted VT was 50 ml. VT was measured with Citrex H4™ and expressed in BTPS. Primary end point was VT error (measured VT-target VT/target VT*100) were expressed as mean±SD. <b>Results:</b> The values of VTerror (%) for targeted VT 300 ml and 50 ml for the children lung condition are shown in the table. For each lung condition and PEEP, the differences in VTerror were statistically significant between the ventilators as was every wise-comparison across ventilators (P&lt;0.001). Same results were obtained for targeted VT 500 ml (not shown). <b>Conclusions:</b> Turbine ventilators were within the 10% accuracy range to deliver VT except for Monnal. In the children lung configuration Astral 150 was very accurate to deliver VT as low as 50 ml.
CHANGES CAUSED BY INJURIOUS AGENTS IN THE PERMEABILITY OF SURVIVING CELLS OF LIVER AND OF KIDNEY
Authors: Eugene L. Opie
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1956)

Immersion of tissue slices of liver or of kidney in buffered Krebs-Ringer solution at 38 degrees , with oxygenation, gives opportunity for the study of water exchange during 3 hours following removal of the tissue from the body. Under these conditions a wide variety of physical and chemical agents cause changes in the permeability of the tissue to water, which are referable to the cells of the part; these agents include increased temperature, anoxia, ethyl alcohol, chloroform, bacteria, and bacterial products. With heating of liver tissue increased permeability reaches a maximum at 50 to 52 degrees C. and is lost at 55 degrees when heat coagulation has occurred. Permeability of liver cells has increased in the presence of cultures of colon bacilli, of culture filtrate, of killed typhoid bacilli and apparently of diphtheria toxin. Somatic antigen from paradysentery bacilli has caused increased permeability of liver cells. The experiments indicate that a substance formed by normal metabolism, namely urea, may, under some conditions, increase the permeability of liver cells.
Instability in the Diagnosis of Metabolic Syndrome in Adolescents
Authors: Elizabeth Goodman, Stephen R. Daniels, James B. Meigs, Lawrence M. Dolan
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Factor analyses suggest that the structure underlying metabolic syndrome is similar in adolescents and adults. However, adolescence is a period of intense physiological change, and therefore stability of the underlying metabolic structure and clinical categorization based on metabolic risk is uncertain. We analyzed data from 1098 participants in the Princeton School District Study, a school-based study begun in 2001-2002, who were followed up for 3 years. We performed factor analyses of 8 metabolic risks at baseline and follow-up to assess stability of factor patterns and clinical categorization of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome was defined using the current American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute definition for adults (AHA), a modified AHA definition used in prior pediatric metabolic syndrome studies (pediatric AHA), and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) guidelines. We found that factor structures were essentially identical at both time points. However, clinical categorization was not stable. Approximately half of adolescents with baseline metabolic syndrome lost the diagnosis at follow-up regardless of the definitions used: pediatric AHA=56% (95% confidence interval [CI], 42% to 69%), AHA=49% (95% CI, 32% to 66%), IDF=53% (95% CI, 38% to 68%). In addition to loss of the diagnosis, new cases were identified. Cumulative incidence rates were as follows: pediatric AHA=3.8% (95% CI, 2.8% to 5.2%); AHA=4.4% (95% CI, 3.3% to 5.9%); IDF=5.2% (95% CI, 4.0% to 6.8%). During adolescence, metabolic risk factor clustering is consistent. However, marked instability exists in the categorical diagnosis of metabolic syndrome. This instability, which includes both gain and loss of the diagnosis, suggests that the syndrome has reduced clinical utility in adolescence and that metabolic syndrome-specific pharmacotherapy for youth may be premature.
Diagnostic value of fine-needle puncture of the gallbladder: Side effects, safety, and prognostic value
Authors: Jürgen Tudyka, Wolfgang Kratzer, Klaus Kuhn, Paul Janowitz, Johannes Georg Wechsler, Guido Adler
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Bile sampling without the risk of contamination by pancreatic and duodenal secretions and avoiding unpredictable influences of general anesthesia during biliary surgery on biliary analytics are feasible with percutaneous puncture of the gallbladder. In 207 patients with gallstones, gallbladder puncture was performed under local anesthesia with a 22-gauge spinal needle under continuous real-time ultrasound guidance. Bile samples were investigated for biliary lipids and nucleation time. Complete aspiration of gallbladder bile could be achieved in all patients without complications such as bleeding, bile leak, or inflammation. Of these patients, 11.6% reported mild abdominal problems, 3.4% required analgetics, and in 1.0% biliary colics were observed. Elective cholecystectomy was performed in 1 patient. Of the bile samples, 10.1% were contaminated with bactobilia. Biliary lipids, cholesterol saturation index (CSI), total lipid concentration (TLC), and bacteriological contamination were independent of gallstone number, whereas patients with solitary gallbladder stones exhibited a significantly longer nucleation time (NT) in comparison with those with multiple stones. In patients with gallstones, fine-needle puncture of the gallbladder represents an important diagnostic procedure and can be performed within minutes without major side effects if performed by an experienced sonographer.