tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of viral replication in infants with vertically acquired human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Authors: A De Rossi, S Masiero, C Giaquinto, E Ruga, M Comar, M Giacca, L Chieco-Bianchi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

About one-third of vertically HIV-1 infected infants develop AIDS within the first months of life; the remainder show slower disease progression. We investigated the relationship between the pattern of HIV-1 replication early in life and disease outcome in eleven infected infants sequentially studied from birth. Viral load in cells and plasma was measured by highly sensitive competitive PCR-based methods. Although all infants showed an increase in the indices of viral replication within their first weeks of life, three distinct patterns emerged: (a) a rapid increase in plasma viral RNA and cell-associated proviral DNA during the first 4-6 wk, reaching high steady state levels (> 1,000 HIV-1 copies/10(5) PBMC and > 1,000,000 RNA copies/ml plasma) within 2-3 mo of age; (b) a similar initial rapid increase in viral load, followed by a 2.5-50-fold decline in viral levels; (c) a significantly lower (> 10-fold) viral increase during the first 4-6 wk of age. All infants displaying the first pattern developed early AIDS, while infants with slower clinical progression exhibited the second or third pattern. These findings demonstrate that the pattern of viral replication and clearance in the first 2-3 mo of life is strictly correlated with, and predictive of disease evolution in vertically infected infants.
Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Authors: Nikos Werner, Sonja Kosiol, Tobias Schiegl, Patrick Ahlers, Katrin Walenta, Andreas Link, Michael Böhm, Georg Nickenig
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

Endothelial progenitor cells derived from bone marrow are believed to support the integrity of the vascular endothelium. The number and function of endothelial progenitor cells correlate inversely with cardiovascular risk factors, but the prognostic value associated with circulating endothelial progenitor cells has not been defined.The number of endothelial progenitor cells positive for CD34 and kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) was determined with the use of flow cytometry in 519 patients with coronary artery disease as confirmed on angiography. After 12 months, we evaluated the association between baseline levels of endothelial progenitor cells and death from cardiovascular causes, the occurrence of a first major cardiovascular event (myocardial infarction, hospitalization, revascularization, or death from cardiovascular causes), revascularization, hospitalization, and death from all causes.A total of 43 participants died, 23 from cardiovascular causes. A first major cardiovascular event occurred in 214 patients. The cumulative event-free survival rate increased stepwise across three increasing baseline levels of endothelial progenitor cells in an analysis of death from cardiovascular causes, a first major cardiovascular event, revascularization, and hospitalization. After adjustment for age, sex, vascular risk factors, and other relevant variables, increased levels of endothelial progenitor cells were associated with a reduced risk of death from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio, 0.31; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.16 to 0.63; P=0.001), a first major cardiovascular event (hazard ratio, 0.74; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.62 to 0.89; P=0.002), revascularization (hazard ratio, 0.77; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.62 to 0.95; P=0.02), and hospitalization (hazard ratio, 0.76; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.63 to 0.94; P=0.01). Endothelial progenitor-cell levels were not predictive of myocardial infarction or of death from all causes.The level of circulating CD34+KDR+ endothelial progenitor cells predicts the occurrence of cardiovascular events and death from cardiovascular causes and may help to identify patients at increased cardiovascular risk.
1010-62 Impact of Breast Repositioning in Women on SPECT Thallium-201 Myocardial Perfusion Imaging
Authors: John Fox, Prateek Dalal, Evangeline Luna, Carolyn Klepser, Andrew Van Tosh, Roberto Roberti, Jennifer Pompliano, Steven F. Horowitz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
The response of hairless mice to staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin
Authors: J.P. ARBUTHNOTT, JANET KENT, W.C. NOBLE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article The response of hairless mice to staphylococcal epidermolytic toxin Get access J.P. ARBUTHNOTT, J.P. ARBUTHNOTT Department of Microbiology, University of Glasgow and Department of Bacteriology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Homerton Grove, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar JANET KENT, JANET KENT Department of Microbiology, University of Glasgow and Department of Bacteriology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Homerton Grove, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W.C. NOBLE W.C. NOBLE Department of Microbiology, University of Glasgow and Department of Bacteriology, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Homerton Grove, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 88, Issue 5, 1 May 1973, Pages 481–485, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb15454.x Published: 01 May 1973 Article history Accepted: 24 October 1972 Published: 01 May 1973
Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors of hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) chemotherapy combination regimens in 202 patients with advanced cancer metastatic to the liver: The phase I program M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience.
Authors: C. Vaklavas, A. M. Tsimberidou, S. Wen, S. Fu, D. S. Hong, J. Wheler, A. Naing, C. Uehara, R. A. Wolff, R. Kurzrock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e13101 Background: To assess the clinical outcomes in patients (pts) with advanced cancer and hepatic involvement treated on HAI protocols. Methods: Patients referred to the phase I program between 4/02 and 9/09 were analyzed. Results: Overall, 202 consecutive pts were identified (median age, 57 yrs; 46% men, 54% women; median number of prior therapies, 4). Cancer types were colorectal 45%, breast 17%, melanoma 8%, hepatocellular 5%, ovarian 3%, cholangiocarcinoma 3%, and others 19%. Patients were treated with HAI oxaliplatin+IV 5-FU, n= 101; HAI cisplatin±IV liposomal doxorubicin, n=50; HAI paclitaxel, n=35; HAI irinotecan, n=11; HAI other, n=5. Of 188 evaluable pts, 13 (7%) had a PR (by RECIST 1.0); and 82 (44%) stable disease (SD; ≥ 4 months, 44 pts, 22%). The median follow-up of surviving pts was 6.9 months. The median survival was 7.2 months (95% CI: 6.0–8.4); and the median progression-free survival was 2.5 months (95% CI: 2.0 – 3.8). In 15 pts with hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma, 1 (7%) patient had PR, 11 (73%) SD (SD ≥ 4 months, 5 pts, 33%); and the median survival was 14.8 months (CI, 10.3- 39.0+). In 68 pts with colorectal cancer treated with HAI oxaliplatin or irinotecan combination therapy, the rates of PR and SD were 7.5% and 55.2%, respectively (SD ≥ 4 months, 23 pts, 34%); the median survival was 7.2 months (95% CI: 5.4 – 9.2). In 31 pts with breast cancer treated with HAI cisplatin-based therapy, the rates of PR and SD were 11% and 30%, respectively, (SD ≥ 4 months, 7 pts, 23%); and the median survival was 14.2 months (95% CI: 6.5 - 39+). In multivariate analysis factors predicting longer survival were female gender (p = 0.007); and normal levels of albumin (≥3.4 g/dL; p < 0.001), bilirubin (≤1 mg/dL; p = 0.004), LDH (≤618 IU/L; p=0.008), hemoglobin (≥11 g/dL; p = 0.02), and AST (<46 IU/L; p = 0.049). Conclusions: HAI combination therapies have antitumor activity in patients with advanced cancer and liver involvement. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca, Centocor, Johnson & Johnson, Maxygen, Merck Amgen, AstraZeneca, Center for Biomedical Continuing Education, Enzon, Genentech, IDSC, ImClone Systems, Johnson & Johnson, Maxygen, Merck, Pharmion, Roche Abraxis BioScience, Amgen, AmpliMed, Antigenics, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Callisto, Centocor, Concordia, Curagen, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Enzon, Exelixis, Genentech, GlaxoSmithKline, Globomax, Kinex, Lilly, Merck, Metastatix, MGI Pharma, Myriad, Nereus, Novartis, Pfizer, Pharmacyclics, Pharmion, Phoenix Biotech, Reata, Roche, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Vioquest, Ziopharm
TCT-491 High incidence of stent thrombosis with new P2Y12 inhibitors after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Olivier Varenne, Guillaume Gouffran, Wulfran Bougouin, Julien Rosencher, Reda Jakamy, Jeremie Joffre, Philippe Allouch, Arnaud Jegou, Alain Cariou
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
TCT-615 Coating Damage of Drug-Eluting Stent Occurs in Front Edge Strut: a Scanning Electron Microscopy Study
Authors: Aiko Shimokado, Takashi Kubo, Hiroshi Aoki, Masahiro Takahata, Teruaki Wada, Yuichi Ozaki, Makoto Orii, Yasutsugu Shiono, Kunihiro Shimamura, Kohei Ishibashi, Yamano Takashi, Takashi Tanimoto, Yasushi Ino, Tomoyoshi Yamaguchi, Kumiko Hirata, Toshio Imanishi, Takashi Akasaka
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Competent Patients, Incompetent Decisions
Authors: Ian Kerridge
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

We describe the epidemiologic aspects of dialysis withdrawal, the role of patient autonomy and of medical beneficence in the decision to discontinue dialysis, and the conditions under which limits may be placed on patient autonomy. A case is presented that provides insight into the issues involved in making such decisions and that should provoke further discussion on the role of "medical guidelines" for dialysis refusal and withdrawal.
Perturbation of the T-Cell Repertoire in Patients With Unstable Angina
Authors: Giovanna Liuzzo, Stephen L. Kopecky, Robert L. Frye, W. Michael O’ Fallon, Attilio Maseri, Jorg J. Goronzy, Cornelia M. Weyand
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Monocytes are constitutively activated in unstable angina (UA), resulting in the production of IL-6 and the upregulation of acute phase proteins. Underlying mechanisms are not understood. To explore whether the production of the potent monocyte activator IFN-gamma is altered in UA, we compared cytokine production by T lymphocytes in patients with UA (Braunwald's class IIIB) and with stable angina (SA).Peripheral blood lymphocytes were collected at the time of hospitalization and after 2 and 12 weeks. Cytokine-producing CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were quantified by 3-color flow cytometry after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin. UA was associated with an increased number of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma, whereas patients with SA had higher frequencies of IL-2(+) and IL-4(+) CD4(+) T cells. Expansion of the IFN-gamma( +) T-cell population in UA persisted for at least 3 months. Increased production of IFN-gamma in UA could be attributed to the expansion of an unusual subset of T cells, CD4(+)CD28(null) T cells.Patients with UA are characterized by a perturbation of the functional T-cell repertoire with a bias toward IFN-gamma production, suggesting that monocyte activation and acute phase responses are consequences of T-cell activation. IFN-gamma is produced by CD4(+)CD28(null) T cells, which are expanded in UA and distinctly low in SA and controls. The emergence of CD4(+)CD28(null) T cells may result from persistent antigenic stimulation.
Mechanism of insulin-stimulated electrogenic sodium transport
Authors: Jose Rodriguez-Commes, Carlos Isales, Leena Kalghati, Jose Gasalla-Herraiz, John P. Hayslett
Journal: Kidney International (1994)

Studies were performed to determine the signal transduction mechanism involved in the onset of insulin stimulated electrogenic sodium transport (Ieq) in cultured A6 cells. Insulin stimulated Ieq at a threshold concentration of one nM and a half-maximum concentration of approximately 3 nM. The onset of action occurred within 10 seconds and the increase in Ieq was augmented by pretreatment with aldosterone, similar to the action of vasopressin. Insulin stimulated an increase in Ca2+i in a dose-dependent manner that involved release from intracellular stores. Hormone stimulated Ieq was dependent on increases in Ca2+i because pretreatment with 5, 5' dimethyl BAPTA/AM blocked the increase in sodium transport. Further studies with dihydroxyclorpromazine, trifluoperazine and genistein, inhibitors of PKC, Ca2+i dependent, calmodulin dependent kinases and tyrosine kinase, respectively, suggested that the action of insulin was dependent on activation of these kinases. In contrast, insulin stimulated Ieq was independent of changes in cAMP, because insulin did not increase the accumulation of cAMP, and inhibition of adenylate cyclase with 2', 5' dideoxyadenosine did not affect transport. These results suggest that insulin, as previously shown for aldosterone, activates apical membrane amiloride sensitive sodium channels by a calcium-dependent second messenger system.
Alloimmunization in Sickle Cell Anemia and Transfusion of Racially Unmatched Blood
Authors: Elliott P. Vichinsky, Ann Earles, Robert A. Johnson, M. Silvija Hoag, Amber Williams, Bertram Lubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Transfusion therapy for sickle cell anemia is limited by the development of antibodies to foreign red cells. To evaluate the frequency and risk factors associated with such alloimmunization, we determined the transfusion history, red-cell phenotype, and development of alloantibodies in 107 black patients with sickle cell anemia who received transfusions. We compared the results with those from similar studies in 51 black patients with sickle cell disease who had not received transfusions and in 19 nonblack patients who received transfusions for other forms of chronic anemia. We assessed the effect that racial differences might have on the frequency of alloimmunization by comparing the red-cell phenotypes of patients and blood-bank donors (n = 200, 90 percent white).
MUCOUS MEMBRANE FROM MIDDLE TURBINATE IN PLASTIC SURGERY OF EYE
Authors: MEYER WIENER
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Mucous membrane from various sources has been recommended for replacement of destroyed conjunctiva, in extensive symblepharon, and in restoration of the socket. Mucous grafts have been taken from the fellow eye or from that of a donor, from eyes of various animals, and from the vagina and prepuce; also from the inside of the lip and cheek.  Mucous membrane transplanted from the mouth and from the vagina was utilized by Stelwag. 1 Paton 2 used mucous membrane from the roof of the mouths of frogs, or the pharynx of rabbits. De Wecker 3 recommends human conjunctiva instead of rabbit's mucous membrane, and utilized the conjunctiva taken away in periridectomy for pannus, etc. Post 4 reported the transplantation of rabbit's conjunctiva for the cure of symblepharon, but with only temporary success, requiring subsequent autoplastic operations.  Woelfler 5 also failed in his use of rabbit's conjunctiva, but succeeded in obtaining good results
The Changing Epidemiology of Reye's Syndrome in the United States: Further Evidence for a Public Health Success
Authors: Eugene S. Hurwitz
Journal: JAMA (1988)

A syndrome consisting of encephalopathy and fatty metamorphosis of the liver was first described by R. D. K. Reye et al<sup>1</sup>in Australia in 1962 and by George Johnson and coworkers<sup>2</sup>in the United States in 1963. In contrast to the cases reported by Reye et al—which occurred primarily in infants and young children (66% were ≤2 years of age) and had no distinct seasonality—the patients first described by Johnson et al were older (between 6 and 13 years of age) and the cases occurred during an outbreak of influenza B in a community in North Carolina. Despite these differences, the similarities of these two descriptions led to the common designation of this clinicopathological entity as<i>Reye-Johnson</i>or<i>Reye's syndrome</i>. Following its initial description, Reye's syndrome became increasingly recognized in the 1960s and 1970s in the United States as a distinct entity, occurring in association with outbreaks of
Histological and functional study of gastric mucosa in tropical sprue.
Authors: H G Desai, A V Borkar, K N Jeejeebhoy
Journal: Gut (1968)

In patients with tropical sprue studied both in Puerto Rico and South India, histological changes in gastric mucosa were noted in 67 % and 90% of patients respectively (Floch, Thomassen, Cox, and Sheehy, 1963; Vaish, Sampathkumar, Jacob, and Baker, 1965).Besides histological abnormalities, a significant reduction in gastric acid output was also observed.However, these studies did not exclude the possibility that the two conditions might be separate entities coexisting in the same population.To exclude or confirm this possibility, the incidence of chronic gastritis in patients with tropical sprue should be compared with its incidence in general hospital patients with non-specific symptoms.The purpose of this communication was to study the histology and secretory function of the gastric mucosa in healthy control subjects, patients with 'vague' gastrointestinal symptoms showing normal jejunal mucosa and absorption tests, and patients with tropical sprue from Bombay.The results showed that the incidence of chronic gastritis in patients with tropical sprue was higher than in healthy control subjects but was comparable to that in patients with vague gastrointestinal symptoms.These results suggest that chronic gastritis and tropical sprue are perhaps two unrelated conditions coexisting in the same population. MATERIAL AND METHODSCONTROL SUBJECTS (GROUP I) Thirty-six healthy adult subjects without gastrointestinal symptoms were selected for study.The subjects (who agreed to the procedure) were selected from the outpatient department and had minor symptoms which were not related to the gastro- intestinal system.VAGUE GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOMS (GROUP i) Twenty- two adult patients with symptoms such as distension or heaviness in the abdomen after food, dull, aching orcolickyabdominal pain, vomiting, anorexia, belching, or excessive flatulence were included in this group.A detailed clinical history, physical examination and barium meal study did not show any obvious organic cause for these symptoms.In a few patients, the symptoms were probably 34functional.All patients had a haemoglobin level of above 10 g./100 ml.Jejunal mucosa, 58Co vitamin B12 absorp-JEJUNAL BIOPSY AND ABSORPTION TEsTs These were performed inpatients of groups II and III, using methods on July 12, 2023 by guest.
Erythrocythemia (Polycythemia) and Hydronephrosis
Authors: Frank H. Gardner, John Gordon Freymann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

A GROWING series of case reports suggest that there may be a relation between kidney tumors and polycythemia. In a review of 273 cases of hypernephroma, polycythemia was observed in 5 (1.8 per cent).1 Gonley et al.2 collected 3 cases of polycythemia in reviewing 139 cases of hypernephroma. Conversely, 2 patients with hypernephroma were found in a survey of 125 patients with idiopathic polycythemia.3 Lawrence4 stated that he had observed 2 cases of hypernephroma among 159 patients with polycythemia vera. These reports suggest that renal-cell carcinoma will be discovered in 1 or 2 per cent of patients with diagnoses of . . .
Naive T cells predict MTX induced remission in early arthritis
Authors: F. Ponchel, R. Parmar, J. Nam, E. Villeneuve, D. Corscadden, K. Henshaw, P. Emery
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Background</h3> We previously reported that immunological parameters can predict 6 month response to treatment in early rheumatoid arthritis independently of the drug received. Normal naïve CD4 T cells frequency, notably predicted patient ability to achieve remission. The aim of the current study is to determine whether T cell subset analysis (within 4 h of blood collection) can predict remission and/or lack of response to methotrexate (MTX) followed by MTX-escalation and/or addition of other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) with the aim of inducing remission (treat to target concept). <h3>Methods</h3> 28 patients with &lt;12 months EIA were recruited and treated with initial MTX-protocol. Clinical response was evaluated using DAS28 at 6 and 12 months. Symptom duration, C reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), anticitrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA), disease activity score 28 (DAS28) were recorded. 6 colour flow cytometry was performed using standard protocols. Another 31 patients with similar characteristics were randomized to treatment with MTX+TNF-inhibitor (TNF-i) <h3>Results</h3> 14/28 patients (50%) achieved remission (DAS28&lt;2.6) when treated under the MTX 'treat to target' protocol at both 6 and 12 months. 7patients (25%) showed no response (&lt;1.2 improvement of DAS28) at 6 months and 8 (28%) at 12 months. CRP, symptom duration, RF or ACPA were not associated with either induction of remission or no-response. The only predictor of remission at 6 month was higher naïve T-cell frequency at baseline (p&lt;0.0001) with trends (p=0.150) at 12 months for both naïve T cells and DAS28. Lack of response (&lt;1.2 reduction of DAS28) at 6 months was associated with baseline higher DAS28 (p=0.048) and higher IRC (p=0.050) but with no predictor at 12 months. Responses from the 31 patients in the TNF-I group were: 14 (45%) patients achieved remission at 6 months and 18 (58%) at 12 months Only one patients did not respond at 6 months but 4 (13%) at 12 months. No single predictor of remission or lack of response could be found in this group. Six patients in this TNF-i group combined the lack of response to MTX-prognostic factors (IRC&gt;3% and DAS28&gt;4 at baseline. Only one achieved remission at 6 months. Seven patients treated with TNF-i lacked the good MTX-prognostic factors (naïve T cell&lt;35% and DAS28&lt;4): 3 achieved remission at 6 months and 4 (57%) at 12 months. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These data are preliminary however they suggested that, in patients that lack good MTX-prognostic factors, the use of TNF-inhibitor may improve remission rate. They further confirmed previous findings and suggest that transferring flow cytometry protocols from a research lab to routine hospital service may be useful.
Newly diagnosed iron deficiency anaemia in a premenopausal woman
Authors: Tony Todd, Tim Caroe
Journal: BMJ (2007)

A 40 year old woman with persistent fatigue has come back to you for the results of blood tests. The results show a hypochromic, microcytic anaemia with a haemoglobin concentration of 100 g/l and a ferritin concentration of 5 µg/l, the classic features of iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). 

### Symptoms of anaemia

Fatigue and mild dyspnoea after exertion may be the only symptoms in otherwise healthy people with slow onset anaemia. More serious symptoms such as angina, marked ankle oedema, or dyspnoea at rest don't generally occur unless the haemoglobin concentration is less than about 70 g/l. Presence of such symptoms in a case like this indicate additional cardiorespiratory pathology. 

### Causes of the anaemia

Blood loss —Seek any history of haemorrhage. In the 5-10% of premenopausal women who develop IDA the commonest cause is menorrhagia. For reliable assessment simple pictogram charts may be better than subjective reporting. 

Coeliac disease —In younger patients coeliac disease often …