tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nasal provocation test (NPT) with aspirin: a sensitive and safe method to diagnose aspirin‐induced asthma (AIA)
Authors: A. Alonso‐Llamazares, C. Martinez‐Cócera, J. Domínguez‐Ortega, T. Robledo‐Echarren, M. Cimarra‐Alvarez, M. Mesa del Castillo
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: We have aimed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of a simpler technique with less risk than oral provocation to diagnose aspirin‐induced asthma (AIA). Methods: We studied a group of 20 AIA patients compared to a control group with 40 aspirin‐tolerant patients (confirmed by oral provocation test): 10 asthmatic patients and 30 healthy subjects. A nasal provocation test (NPT) with lysine acetylsalicylic acid (L‐ASA) was carried out. Nasal and pulmonary functions were monitored with anterior active rhinomanometry (AAR) and spirometry. An L‐ASA solution (900 mg/ml L‐ASA, equivalent to 500 mg/ml acetylsalicylic acid) was diluted with saline solution. We administered four increasing doses: 5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/ml acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) with saline solution control. Nasal and pulmonary functions were monitored with rhinomanometry and spirometry. The patients were controlled for nasal inspiratory peak flow and expiratory peak flow. Results: The results showed high sensitivity and specificity: 80% and 92.5%, respectively, with an 84.2% positive predictive value and an 89.2% negative predictive value. The patients had no bronchial or systemic symptoms, and no decreases over 20% were recorded in the FEV 1 . Conclusion: NPT has a high sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of AIA. An oral provocation should be performed to confirm the result whenever the clinical situation of the patient permits it.
Flow-cytometric separation and enrichment of hepatic progenitor cells in the developing mouse liver
Authors: Atsushi Suzuki, Yun-Wen Zheng, Reika Kondo, Moriaki Kusakabe, Yasutsugu Takada, Katashi Fukao, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Hideki Taniguchi
Journal: Hepatology (2000)

Stem cells responsible for tissue maintenance and repair are found in a number of organs. However, hepatic stem cells assumed to play a key role in liver development and regeneration remain to be well characterized. To address this issue, we set up a culture system in which primitive hepatic progenitor cells formed colonies. By combining this culture system with fluorescence–activated cell sorting (FACS), cells forming colonies containing distinct hepatocytes and cholangiocytes were identified in the fetal mouse liver. These cells express both CD49f and CD29 (α6 and β1 integrin subunits), but do not mark for hematopoietic antigens such as CD45, TER119, and c–Kit. When transplanted into the spleen, these cells migrated to the recipient liver and differentiated into liver parenchymal cells. Our data demonstrate that hepatic progenitor cells are enriched by FACS and suggest approaches to supplanting organ allografting and improving artificial–organ hepatic support.
P35 Elevated tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity on echocardiogram in Sickle Cell Disease is associated with raised inflammatory mediators and low steady state haemoglobin but not other markers of haemolysis
Authors: H. Ranu, E. Connell, C. Hunt, F. Boa, J. Lee, L. Brown, F. Willis, H. Buyck, B. Madden
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Introduction and Objectives</h3> Pulmonary hypertension (PH) in Sickle cell disease (SCD) is defined as tricuspid regurgitation jet velocity ≥2.5 m/s on trans thoracic echocardiogram. It is an important complication of SCD and is associated with significant mortality. Haemolysis with impairment of the nitric oxide pathway is felt to play a major part in its pathogenesis. We have examined the association of haemolytic markers and inflammatory cytokines in haemoglobin SS (HbSS) adults with PH (TRV≥ 2.5 m/s) and without PH (TRV &lt;2.5 m/s). Cytokines studied included interleukin 8 (IL-8), which may have a role in promoting adhesion of sickled red cells to vascular endothelium and stem cell factor (SCF), which acts on erythroid progenitor cells. <h3>Methods</h3> 32 adult HbSS patients (mean age 37 years ± 11.6, median 37 years) were recruited at steady state defined as 2 weeks or more following an acute crisis. Serum levels of haemolytic markers (haemoglobin, lactate dehydrogenase LDH, bilirubin), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA a naturally occurring nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), SCF and IL 8 were measured. <h3>Results</h3> Results are given in Abstract P35 Table 1 and expressed as mean ± SD. TRV was significantly correlated with Hb (p=0.003 r= − 0.51), ADMA (p&lt; 0.05, r= 0.35), IL 8 (p= 0.009, r= 0.48) and SCF (p=0.006, r= 0.51). <h3>Conclusion</h3> PH in SCD is associated with lower haemoglobin and ADMA but not other markers of haemolysis. There is a significant association of TRV with IL 8 and SCF, which has not been previously described in adults. Inflammatory mediated endothelial dysfunction is likely to also play an important role in the pathogenesis of PH associated with SCD. The roles of IL 8 and SCF warrant further investigation.
Abstract 5304: Inhibition of kallikrein-related peptidase-4 by SPINK1
Authors: Hannu Koistinen, Mykola Domanskyy, Ulf-Håkan Stenman
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Serine protease inhibitor Kazal type-1 (SPINK1), also known as TATI (tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor), is a 56 amino acid trypsin inhibitor, whose levels are elevated in several cancers, including those of ovaries, prostate, bladder and colon. Some mutations in SPINK1, such as N34S, are associated with pancreatitis. Furthermore, SPINK1 was recently found to be associated with ETS rearrangement-negative prostate cancers and to stimulate the invasion of prostate cancer cells, perhaps by activating the EGF-receptor. Recently, SPINK3, the mouse ortholog of SPINK1, was identified as a potent inhibitor of human kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) -2, -3 (PSA) and -5. We studied the effect of human SPINK1 on KLK2, -3 and -4. Synthetic cDNAs encoding wild-type and mutant forms of 56 amino acid SPINK1 without signal peptide were expressed in E. coli. The SUMOstar E. coli Expression System was used for expression and purification of recombinant SPINK1. Final purification was done using an antibody affinity column and HPLC. Enzyme activities were measured using chromogenic substrates and recombinant human KLK2 and -4, and KLK3 purified from seminal fluid. SPINK1 was found to efficiently inhibit KLK4, while KLK2-inhibition was less pronounced. KLK3 was not inhibited at all. SPINK1 mutant (K41Y), which does not inhibit trypsins, did not inhibit KLK4 either, while pancreatitis associated mutant (N34S) showed strong inhibition. It is possible that SPINK1 has a dual role in cancer, i.e., it induces tumor growth by stimulating the EGF-receptor, while by inhibiting the activity of trypsin and KLKs it suppress metastasis and activation of protease-activated receptors (PARs), which promote tumor growth. Citation Format: Hannu Koistinen, Mykola Domanskyy, Ulf-Håkan Stenman. Inhibition of kallikrein-related peptidase-4 by SPINK1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5304. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5304
Cervical-Cancer Screening with Human Papillomavirus and Cytologic Cotesting
Authors: Mark Schiffman, Diane Solomon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

For women 30 years of age or older (past the age at which new HPV infections peak), HPV and cytologic cotesting every 5 years is now an accepted alternative to cytologic testing alone every 3 years, since the risk of cervical cancer is very low in the years after a negative HPV test.
Anal Leukoplakia: An Unusual Case of Anal Stenosis
Authors: P. Katsinelos, K. Christodoulou, I. Pilpilidis, A. Papagiannis, F. Patakiouta, P. Xiarchos, P. Amperiadis, N. Eugenidis
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Causes of secondary anal stenosis that have been reported include trauma, Crohn’s disease, tuberculosis, actinomycosis, lymphogranuloma, Bowen’s disease, Paget’s disease, epidermoid carcinoma, and actinic causes [1]. We report here an unusual case of anal stenosis caused by extensive anal leukoplakia, which (so far as we are aware) is the first such case to be reported.
The Prospect of Incidental Detection of Unsuspected Skeletal Tuberculosis by Bone Scintigraphy Should Not Be Overlooked
Authors: Yanyan Zhang, Yifan Zhang, Jing Ma
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

The potential roles of bone scintigraphy in the evaluation of tuberculosis are not well-defined. It is commonly considered that skeletal tuberculosis occurs only after pulmonary tuberculosis. Bone scintigraphy was not known to be an effective imaging modality in the evaluation of skeletal tuberculosis, especially in those without known systemic tuberculosis.To assess the prospect of bone scintigraphy in the detection of skeletal tuberculosis in patients who came to the department of nuclear medicine to evaluate back pain.Patient records and the images of 1817 cases of consecutive bone scintigraphy performed for the evaluation of unknown causes of back pain were retrospectively reviewed. The imaging findings were compared with the status of tuberculosis before and after scintigraphy.Sixteen patients had skeletal tuberculosis confirmed by histopathological examination. Six patients had solitary while 10 had multifocal skeletal lesions. Before bone scintigraphy, 2 patients were suspected but not confirmed to have pulmonary tuberculosis, 4 were suspected to have skeletal tuberculosis by other modalities while the remaining 10 patients were not suspected to have tuberculosis in any part of the body. Following bone scintigraphy, among those 10 patients who were unsuspected of having tuberculosis, further tests demonstrated that 3 had pulmonary tuberculosis in addition to skeletal tuberculosis and 1 had cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis. In total, among those 16 patients with confirmed skeletal tuberculosis, only 6 had concurrent extraskeletal tuberculosis while 10 patients had their tuberculosis limited to the skeletal system.Our results indicate that pulmonary or systemic tuberculosis is not a prerequisite for skeletal tuberculosis. Skeletal tuberculosis should be among the differential diagnoses when there is a positive bone scan in patients without a malignancy in an endemic region.
Surgical Pathology of Gynecologic Disease
Authors: John R. G. Gosling
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Dr. Dougherty's text, the latest of several recent works on gynecologic pathology, makes no pretence at being encyclopedic or exhaustive. He defines and describes with some care the more prevalent of the pathologic entities in the field. The 12 chapters are divided on a familiar anatomic basis beginning with vulva, running the upward course of the female reproductive tract, and giving some attention to trophoblast, placenta, and disturbances of development into the bargain. The coverage of various entities varies, apparently depending on the material available to the author. Brief case histories pertinent to many of the illustrations are used with advantage. The gross pathology depends heavily upon drawings which, in some respects, oversimplify the problems of gross diagnosis. The photomicrographs vary in quality from superb to quite poor. The fields are generally well selected. Some of the low-power photomicrography is particularly good, and very useful. Other authors please note! Carcinomas
Meta-Analysis
Authors: Ian M. Kronish, Mark Woodward, Ziad Sergie, Gbenga Ogedegbe, Louise Falzon, Devin M. Mann
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Observational studies suggest that there are differences in adherence to antihypertensive medications in different classes. Our objective was to quantify the association between antihypertensive drug class and adherence in clinical settings.Studies were identified through a systematic search of English-language articles published from the inception of computerized databases until February 1, 2009. Studies were included if they measured adherence to antihypertensives using medication refill data and contained sufficient data to calculate a measure of relative risk of adherence and its variance. An inverse-variance-weighted random-effects model was used to pool results. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios were pooled separately, and HRs were selected as the primary outcome. Seventeen studies met inclusion criteria. The pooled mean adherence by drug class ranged from 28% for β-blockers to 65% for angiotensin II receptor blockers. There was better adherence to angiotensin II receptor blockers compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (HR, 1.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.13 to 1.57), calcium channel blockers (HR, 1.57; 95% confidence interval, 1.38 to 1.79), diuretics (HR, 1.95; 95% confidence interval, 1.73 to 2.20), and β-blockers (HR, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.14 to 3.85). Conversely, there was lower adherence to diuretics compared with the other drug classes. The same pattern was present when studies that used odds ratios were pooled. After publication bias was accounted for, there were no longer significant differences in adherence between angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or between diuretics and β-blockers.In clinical settings, there are important differences in adherence to antihypertensives in separate classes, with lowest adherence to diuretics and β-blockers and highest adherence to angiotensin II receptor blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. However, adherence was suboptimal regardless of drug class.
Abstract 2190: Fine-mapping of common genetic variants associated with colorectal tumor risk identified potential functional variants
Authors: Mengmeng Du, Shuo Jiao, Stephanie A. Rosse, Manish Gala, Goncalo Abecasis, Stephane Bezieau, Hermann Brenner, Graham Casey, Jenny Chang-Claude, Steven Gallinger, Thomas J. Hudson, Sébastien Küry, Loic L. Marchand, Suzanne M. Leal, Polly A. Newcomb, Deborah A. Nickerson, John D. Potter, Martha L. Slattery, Li Hsu, Andrew T. Chan, Emily White, Sonja I. Berndt, Ulrike Peters
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified many common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with colorectal cancer risk. These SNPs may tag correlated variants with biological importance. Fine-mapping around GWAS loci facilitates detection of functional candidates and additional independent risk variants. Methods: We analyzed 11,900 cases and 14,311 controls in the Genetics and Epidemiology of Colorectal Cancer Consortium and the Colon Cancer Family Registry. To fine-map genomic regions containing all known common risk variants, we imputed high-density genetic data from the 1000 Genomes Project. We tested associations with colorectal tumor risk for all variants spanning genomic regions 250-kb upstream or downstream of 31 GWAS-identified SNPs (index SNPs). We queried the University of California, Santa Cruz Genome Browser to examine evidence for biological function. Results: Index SNPs did not show the strongest association signals with colorectal tumor risk in their respective genomic regions. However, in most regions the SNP showing the smallest P-value was correlated (r2≥0.2) with the index SNP. Bioinformatics analysis of SNPs showing smaller P-values in each region revealed 21 functional candidates in 12 loci (5q31.1, 8q24, 11q13.4, 11q23, 12p13.32, 12q24.21, 14q22,2, 15q13, 18q21, 19q13.1, 20p12.3, and 20q13.33). We observed evidence for an additional independent association signal in 8q24 located between POU5F1B and MYC (rs28629385; minor allele frequency=0.06; per-allele odds ratio=1.37; P=7.9E-06). Conclusions: Our results support the utility of integrating data from comprehensive fine-mapping with expanding publicly available genomic databases to help clarify GWAS associations and identify functional candidates for laboratory follow-up. Such efforts may aid the eventual discovery of disease-causing variant(s). Citation Format: Mengmeng Du, Shuo Jiao, Stephanie A. Rosse, Manish Gala, Goncalo Abecasis, Stephane Bezieau, Hermann Brenner, Graham Casey, Jenny Chang-Claude, Steven Gallinger, Thomas J. Hudson, Sébastien Küry, Loic Le Marchand, Suzanne M. Leal, Polly A. Newcomb, Deborah A. Nickerson, John D. Potter, Martha L. Slattery, Li Hsu, Andrew T. Chan, Emily White, Sonja I. Berndt, Ulrike Peters. Fine-mapping of common genetic variants associated with colorectal tumor risk identified potential functional variants. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2190. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2190
Frequency and Types of Medical Emergencies Among Commercial Air Travelers
Authors: Richard O. Cummins
Journal: JAMA (1989)

We performed a one-year prospective survey of emergency medical responses to travelers at an international airport to observe the frequency and type of emergencies experienced in flight and before and after travel. Emergency personnel evaluated a total of 1107 people; 754 (68%) were travelers, 232 (21%) were employees of the airport or airlines, and 118 (11%) were area residents. Of the 754 travelers, 190 (25%) experienced their problem during flight; the aircraft made an unscheduled landing for seven of these travelers. The frequency of in-flight emergencies was 1 per 753 inbound flights, or 1 per 39 600 inbound passengers. The most common emergency problems among all travelers were abdominal pain, chest pain, shortness of breath, syncope, and seizures; 25% of the emergencies were caused by minor trauma. The majority of emergencies among air travelers (75% [564/754]) happened on the ground within the air terminal. Most problems (84% [633/754]) were effectively handled by personnel trained as emergency medical technicians. The types of problems encountered suggest that the "doctors only" medical kit now required aboard US air carriers contains clinically useful items and should continue to be required on board. <i>JAMA</i>1989;261:1295-1299)
Development of tailored and integrated health-care interventions to reduce inequalities in health outcomes: the Management and Interventions for Asthma (MIA) project
Authors: Monica Lakhanpaul, Deborah Bird, Lorraine Culley, Nicky Hudson, Noelle Robertson, Narynder Johal, Melanie McFeeters, Charlotte Hamlyn Williams, Mark Johnson
Journal: The Lancet (2013)
Homeostatic NF-κB Signaling in Steady-State Migratory Dendritic Cells Regulates Immune Homeostasis and Tolerance
Authors: Myriam Baratin, Chloe Foray, Olivier Demaria, Mohamed Habbeddine, Emeline Pollet, Julien Maurizio, Christophe Verthuy, Suzel Davanture, Hiroaki Azukizawa, Adriana Flores-Langarica, Marc Dalod, Toby Lawrence
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Coping With the Energy Crisis: Midwestern Style (With a Couple of Asides)
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1974)

We have duly noted and much admired Franz Ingelfinger's editorial in the<i>New England Journal of Medicine</i>taking the government to task for permitting the standards set by the Clean Air Act of 1970 to be lowered in the face of the present energy crisis.<sup>1</sup>He also seriously questioned whether office temperatures of 72 to 75 F do really go hand in hand with health. We cannot take exception to either of his points. While perhaps not as prompt in writing about the energy crisis, the American Medical Association has acted with alacrity in instituting some practical measures to ease the drain on fuel supplies available to this country. On Nov 14, all division directors and department managers were notified that during working hours "temperatures within the headquarters building will be reduced from 4 to 6 degrees to an average temperature of 69 degrees." Considering that the building is
Symptoms and visceral perception in severe functional and organic dyspepsia
Authors: H Mertz, S Fullerton, B Naliboff, E A Mayer
Journal: Gut (1998)

Background —Hypersensitivity of gastric afferent pathways may play an aetiological role in symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Aims —To determine whether patients with severe organic dyspepsia (associated with tissue irritation/injury) and those with functional dyspepsia (no detectable tissue irritation) differ in their perception of gastric distension and whether this difference is reflected in differences in their gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. Methods —Perceptual thresholds, referral patterns, and gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms were compared in 23 patients with functional dyspepsia, 10 organic dyspeptics, and 15 healthy controls. Results —Fifteen (65%) functional dyspeptics and no organic dyspeptics had reduced perceptual thresholds for fullness, discomfort, or pain (odds ratio (OR) 19.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95 to 476.09, p=0.0017). Either reduced perceptual thresholds or altered referral was found in 20 (87%) functional dyspeptics and four (20%) organic dyspeptics (OR 10.0, 95% CI 1.34 to 89.54, p=0.014). During sham distension fullness, discomfort and pain were reported by healthy controls, organic dyspeptics, and functional dyspeptics. A sham response of pain but no other sensation was more frequent among functional dyspeptics (43%) than healthy controls (7%) (OR 10.77, 95% CI 1.10 to 257.35, p=0.026). Gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms and gastric compliance were similar in the functional and organic groups. Conclusions —Alterations in the perception of gastric distension distinguishes between functional and organic dyspepsia, while symptoms do not. A total of 87% of functional dyspeptics studied had evidence of altered visceral afferent function. In this study population, psychological abnormalities or changes in compliance did not explain the findings.
Erysipelaslike Lesions and Hyperesthesia as Manifestations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Sepsis
Authors: Rosemary Roberts
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<i>PSEUDOMONAS aeruginosa</i>is an important cause of sepsis in immunocompromised patients.<sup>1</sup>Systemic infection with<i>P aeruginosa</i>may have a variety of dermatologic manifestations, including ecthyma gangrenosum,<sup>2</sup>deep-seated nodules,<sup>3,4</sup>abscesses, vesicles, and cellulitis.<sup>5,6</sup>We describe a leukemic patient with different cutaneous manifestations of<i>P aeruginosa</i>infection. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 20-year-old man went to his local physician with a history of fever, malaise, and sore throat. A right peritonsillar abscess and hepatosplenomegaly were present. The abscess was incised but not cultured. Hematocrit value was 26%; WBC count, 16,200/cu mm, with 43% blast forms; and platelet count, 3,000/cu mm. Bone marrow aspiration confirmed the diagnosis of acute lymphocytic leukemia (null cell). The patient was hospitalized, and therapy with vincristine sulfate, prednisone, and asparaginase was begun. Profound neutropenia (WBC count, 200/cu mm) developed. Blood, platelet, and WBC transfusions were given, and intravenous (IV) administration of oxacillin sodium, 65
Tc-99m Sestamibi and I-123 Detection of a Parathyroid Adenoma in the Presence of a Cold Thyroid Nodule
Authors: CHRISTIAN JEANGUILLAUME, ELIF HINDIE, SYLVIE MEIGNAN-DEBRAY, DIDIER MELLIERE, PIERRE GALLE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Tc-99m sestamibi (MIBI) scanning is becoming the method of choice for the preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas. However, the presence of a cold thyroid nodule may produce difficulties in image interpretation. The authors present a case of a parathyroid adenoma in which the diagnosis was successful, even in the presence of a cold thyroid nodule. The exact localization of the adenoma was made possible by the use of a dual isotope subtraction technique and lateral views.