tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
T1-T2N0 Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Glottic Larynx Treated With Radiation Therapy
Authors: William M. Mendenhall, Robert J. Amdur, Christopher G. Morris, Russell W. Hinerman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: The end results after radiation therapy for T1-T2N0 glottic carcinoma vary considerably. We analyze patient-related and treatment-related parameters that may influence the likelihood of cure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Five hundred nineteen patients were treated with radiation therapy and had follow-up for ≥ 2 years. Three patients who were disease-free were lost to follow-up at 7 months, 21 months, and 10.5 years. No other patients were lost to follow-up. RESULTS: Local control rates at 5 years after radiation therapy were as follows: T1A, 94%; T1B, 93%; T2A, 80%; and T2B, 72%. Multivariate analysis of local control revealed that the following parameters significantly influenced this end point: overall treatment time (P &lt; .0001), T stage (P = .0003), and histologic differentiation (P = .013). Patients with poorly differentiated cancers fared less well than those with better differentiated lesions. Rates of local control with laryngeal preservation at 5 years were as follows: T1A and T1B, 95%; T2A, 82%; and T2B, 76%. Cause-specific survival rates at 5 years were as follows: T1A and T1B, 98%; T2A, 95%; and T2B, 90%. One patient with a T1N0 cancer and three patients with T2N0 lesions experienced severe late radiation complications. CONCLUSION: Radiation therapy cures a high percentage of patients with T1-T2N0 glottic carcinomas and has a low rate of severe complications. The major treatment-related parameter that influences the likelihood of cure is overall treatment time.
Alterations of Acquired Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus DNA During Mammary Tumorigenesis in BALB/cfC3H Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Robert D. Cardiff, David W. Morris, Lawrence J. T. Young
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

The patterns of the milk-transmitted (exogenous) mouse mammary tumor virus (MuMTV) DNA restriction endonuclease fragments in the nodule and tumor stages of BALB/cfC3H mouse mammary neoplasia were compared with the use of the Southern blot analysis. Acquired MuMTV restriction fragments were detected in DNA from hyperplastic alveolar nodules (HAN), from primary hyperplastic outgrowths (HPO), from families of transplanted HPO, from tumors from HPO, and from serially transplanted tumors. The restriction fragment patterns suggested that the HAN were composed of clonal dominant populations. Transplantation of subdivisions of individual HAN resulted in HPO with DNA restriction patterns suggesting that HAN also contained two or more subpopulations. In all cases, HAN subpopulations shared MuMTV restriction fragments suggesting a common origin. Forty-seven tumors arising from HPO shared MuMTV restriction fragments with the HPO. Most but not all tumors had additional acquired MuMTV restriction fragments not detected in the progenitor HPO, indicating that they were composed of a distinct subpopulation that originated from the HPO. The restriction fragment pattern in some tumor lines was remarkably stable through many transplant generations. Some tumors had no major additional restriction fragments, suggesting that major rearrangements of MuMTV DNA are not required for tumorigenesis.
CX3CR1 is a gatekeeper for intestinal barrier integrity in mice: Limiting steatohepatitis by maintaining intestinal homeostasis
Authors: Kai Markus Schneider, Veerle Bieghs, Felix Heymann, Wei Hu, Daniela Dreymueller, Lijun Liao, Mick Frissen, Andreas Ludwig, Nikolaus Gassler, Oliver Pabst, Eicke Latz, Gernot Sellge, John Penders, Frank Tacke, Christian Trautwein
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is seen as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome and represents the most common liver disease in Western societies. The G protein-coupled chemokine receptor CX3CR1 plays a central role in several metabolic syndrome-related disease manifestations and is involved in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Because diet-induced intestinal dysbiosis is a driver for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, we hypothesized that CX3CR1 may influence the development of steatohepatitis. In two independent models of diet-induced steatohepatitis (high-fat diet and methionine/choline-deficient diet), CX3CR1 protected mice from excessive hepatic steatosis and inflammation, as well as systemic glucose intolerance. Lack of Cx3cr1 expression was associated with significantly altered intestinal microbiota composition, which was linked to an impaired intestinal barrier. Concomitantly, endotoxin levels in portal serum and inflammatory macrophages in liver were increased in Cx3cr1-/- mice, indicating an increased inflammatory response. Depletion of intestinal microbiota by administration of broad-spectrum antibiotics suppressed the number of infiltrating macrophages and promoted macrophage polarization in liver. Consequently, antibiotic-treated mice demonstrated a marked improvement of steatohepatitis.Microbiota-mediated activation of the innate immune responses through CX3CR1 is crucial for controlling steatohepatitis progression, which recognizes CX3CR1 as an essential gatekeeper in this scenario.
The Consult Guys - For the Long Haul: Improving Longevity After MI
Authors: Geno J. Merli, Howard H. Weitz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Web Exclusives19 May 2015The Consult Guys - For the Long Haul: Improving Longevity After MIFREEGeno J. Merli, MD and Howard H. Weitz, MDGeno J. Merli, MDSearch for more papers by this author and Howard H. Weitz, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/G15-3005 SectionsSupplemental MaterialAboutVisual Abstract ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The Consult Guys bring a new perspective to the art and science of medicine with lively discussion and analysis of real-world cases and situations.For more videos from and information on The Consult Guys, visit www.annals.org/ConsultGuys. Comments0 CommentsSign In to Submit A Comment Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Disclosures: Geno J. Merli, MD, reports the following: Research grants/contracts: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, sanofi-aventis; Consultancies: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Bayer, sanofi-aventis. Howard H. Weitz, MD, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose.Editors' Disclosures: Christine Laine, MD, MPH, Editor in Chief, reports that she has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Darren B. Taichman, MD, PhD, Executive Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Cynthia D. Mulrow, MD, MSc, Senior Deputy Editor, reports that she has no relationships or interests to disclose. Deborah Cotton, MD, MPH, Deputy Editor, reports that she has no financial relationships or interest to disclose. Jaya K. Rao, MD, MHS, Deputy Editor, reports that she has stock holdings/options in Eli Lilly and Pfizer. Sankey V. Williams, MD, Deputy Editor, reports that he has no financial relationships or interests to disclose. Catharine B. Stack, PhD, MS, Deputy Editor for Statistics, reports that she has stock holdings in Pfizer. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAnticoagulation? Antiplatelet? What's the Score?Jonathan Hager, MD 19 May 2015Volume 162, Issue 10Page: CG1KeywordsDisclosureResearch grantsResearch reporting guidelines ePublished: 19 May 2015 Issue Published: 19 May 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.Loading ...
GENETIC CONTROL OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
Authors: Hugh O. McDevitt, Beverly D. Deak, Donald C. Shreffler, Jan Klein, Jack H. Stimpfling, George D. Snell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

Eleven strains of mice bearing recombinant H-2 chromosomes derived from known crossover events between known H-2 types were immunized with a series of branched, multichain, synthetic polypeptide antigens [(T,G)-A--L, (H,G)-A--L, and (Phe,G)-A--L]. Results with nine of the eleven H-2 recombinants indicated that the gene(s) controlling immune response to these synthetic polypeptides (Ir-1) is on the centromeric or H-2K part of the recombinant H-2 chromosome. Results with two of the eleven recombinant H-2 chromosomes indicated that Ir-1 was on the telomeric or H-2D part of the recombinant H-2 chromosome. Both of these recombinants were derived from crossovers between the H-2K locus and the Ss-Slp locus near the center of the H-2 region. One of these recombinants, H-2(y), was derived from a known single crossover event. These results indicate that Ir-1 lies near the center of the H-2 region between the H-2K locus and the Ss-Slp locus. The results of a four-point linkage test were consistent with these results. In 484 offspring of a cross designed to detect recombinants between H-2 and Ir-1, only two putative recombinants were detected. Both of these recombinants were confirmed by progeny testing. Extensive analysis of one of them has shown that the crossover event occurred within the H-2 region. (Testing of the second recombinant is currently under way.) Thus, in the linkage test, recombinants between H-2 and Ir-1 are in fact intra-H-2 crossovers. These results permit assignment of Ir-1 to a position between the H-2K locus and the Ss-Slp locus.
Comparison of psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy and biologics in moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis
Authors: H. Hönigsmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Comparison of psoralen plus ultraviolet A therapy and biologics in moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis Get access H. Hönigsmann H. Hönigsmann Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18‐20, A‐1090 Vienna, Austria E‐mail: herbert.hoenigsmann@meduniwien.ac.at Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 165, Issue 3, 1 September 2011, Pages 455–456, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10519.x Published: 01 September 2011
Abstract 16560: Initial Thrombin-Antithrombin Levels Are Associated With Survival in Post-cardiac Arrest Patients
Authors: Jonathon A Wertz, Francis Guyette, Jon C Rittenberger, Clifton W Callaway
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: Cardiac arrest may result in activation of thrombogenesis that could impair microcirculation or lead to end organ failure. Elevated serum levels of thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) during CPR...
Interpretation of immunohistochemistry results of HER2/neu expression in invasive breast cancer: Evaluation of interobserver and intraobserver agreement in Iran
Authors: M. Kadivar, N. Shayanfar, M. Bahraminejad, A. Sadeghipour, P. Askarzadeh
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

11557 Background: The accurate determination of HER2 in invasive breast cancer has become a critical issue, particularly in context of the results of trastuzumab adjuvant therapy. The aim of this study is evaluation of inter- and intraobserver reproducibility in interpretation of HER2/neu immunostaining in invasive breast cancer in the context of lack of Fish facility, in Iran as a third world country. Methods: A total of 112 HER2/neu immunostains were independently evaluated by 4 pathologists using the criteria recommended by DAKO (0 to 3+ reflecting the intensity and pattern of the immunohistochemical signal present in 10% or more of tumor cells). After a session for receiving a consensus, the samples have been evaluated for the second time. Results: Complete agreement was achieved in 33 (29.5%) and 40 (35.7%) of 112 cases in the first and second examinations, respectively. Generally, interobserver agreement was moderate (kappa=0.42 in the first examination and 0.49 in the second one), with intermediate categories (1+, 2+) showing fair agreement and extreme categories (0, 3+) showing moderate agreement. Intraobserver agreement was also moderate (from the minimum kappa=0.53 to the maximum of 0.60). Considering three groups as negative (0/1+), weakly positive (2+) and strongly positive (3 +) interobserver agreement improved but still staying in the moderate level (kappa=0.54 and 0.60 in the first and second time, respectively) with score 2+ group showing the least level of agreement. However, with dividing the cases into two groups as, interobserver agreement improved to substantial level positive (2/3+), negative (0/1+) and kappa=0.68 and 0.75 in the first and second time, respectively). Also with this consideration, intraobserver agreement improved to substantial level (0.7 to 0.8). Conclusions: The standardization of IHC-HER2 protocols, tight adherence to guidelines and continuous educational programs using slide conference sessions, particularly associated with calibration against FISH, and periodic external controls are necessary for improvement of interobserver reproducibility in the third world. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Mixed venous O2 tension is a determinant of pulmonary vascular resistance during maximum incremental exercise
Authors: Ambalavanan Arunachalam, Mario Santos, Aaron Waxman, Julie Tracy, Alexander Optowsky, David Systrom
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  An influence of mixed venous oxygen tension on pulmonary vasoconstriction has been suspected since the classic animal experiments of Marshall, et.al. We hypothesize pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) response to exercise is influenced by mixed venous O 2  tension (PvO 2 ).   Methods:  We examined maximum invasive cardiopulmonary exercise test (iCPET) results of 257 patients studied for unexplained exertional intolerance over 2 years. We calculated PVR as mean pulmonary artery pressure(mPAP) minus pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) divided by direct Fick cardiac output (Qt), at rest & peak exercise. We used PVR as dependent variable in univariate linear regression to assess the association with PvO 2  or with alveolar oxygen tension (P A O 2 ), & in multivariate models where we adjusted for potential confounding variables as P A O 2 , hemoglobin (Hb), peak VO 2 , & peak mixed venous pH.   Results:  A significant association was found between PVR & PvO2 at rest (B=-1.7; pl0.001) & at peak (B:-1.0; p=0.03). We also found an independent significant association between PVR & P A O2 at peak exercise (B=-2.4; p=0.002) but not at rest (B=-0.6; p=0.29). Univariate analysis at peak exercise shows the amount of variance of PVR accounted by SmvO2 was 5.4%. In the multivariate model, SmvO2 improves the model in 2.6% (28.7 to 31.3%). Using the change in mPAP from peak to rest (delta_mpap) as the dependent variable, an independent statistically significant association was found with peak PvO2. Univariate results: B=-5.85 (p=0.017). Multivariate results: B= -4.79 (p=0.037)   Conclusions:  PvO 2  influences pulmonary vascular tone in a dynamic fashion during incremental exercise.
Precision Oncology Framework for Investigation of Exercise As Treatment for Cancer
Authors: Lee W. Jones
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2015)

Promising discovery (epidemiologic) data have led to the provocative hypothesis that exercise treatment may improve cancer outcomes, fueling calls for the need for large phase III trials to definitively test this question. Emerging epidemiologic data suggest that the potential efficacy of exercise differs on the basis of tumor subtype. The heterogeneity in response creates the strong hypothesis that a precision oncology approach is required to optimize the benefit and safety of exercise as a candidate antitumor strategy. This commentary has presented one potential translational framework that may facilitate these efforts. It is hoped that the concepts described here will provide the platform for constructive dialogue and interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize the therapeutic promise of exercise treatment.
Why 100 Patients Failed to Keep an Outpatient Appointment — Audit in a Dermatology Department
Authors: J Verbov
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1992)

Failure to keep outpatient appointments is common at all clinics and various explanations may be offered. One hundred attending patients who had failed to keep their previous dermatology clinic appointment were asked the reason for their non-attendance. Many and varied reasons were given but illness (28%), and problems related to appointments (33%) were prominent. They were also asked how they had obtained a further appointment. Stricter follow-up of non-attenders by the hospital including informing the GP, and subsequent GP action if necessary, may improve attendance figures.
The distribution of choline acetyltransferase- and acetylcholinesterase-like immunoreactivity in the palmar skin of patients with palmoplantar pustulosis
Authors: E. Hagforsen, A. Einarsson, F. Aronsson, K. Nordlind, G. Michaëlsson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article The distribution of choline acetyltransferase‐ and acetylcholinesterase‐like immunoreactivity in the palmar skin of patients with palmoplantar pustulosis Get access E. Hagforsen, E. Hagforsen Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital, S‐751 85 Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Einarsson, A. Einarsson Uppsala Graduate School in Biomedical Research, University of Uppsala, S‐751 05 Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Aronsson, F. Aronsson Uppsala Graduate School in Biomedical Research, University of Uppsala, S‐751 05 Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Nordlind, K. Nordlind Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital, S‐751 85 Uppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Michaëlsson G. Michaëlsson Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital, S‐751 85 Uppsala, Sweden Professor Gerd Michaëlsson. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 2, 1 February 2000, Pages 234–242, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03290.x Published: 01 February 2000
Hepatocyte homeostasis for chromosome ploidization and liver function is regulated by Ssu72 protein phosphatase
Authors: Se‐Hyuk Kim, Yoon Jeon, Hyun‐Soo Kim, Jin‐Kwan Lee, Han Jeong Lim, Donglim Kang, Hyeseong Cho, Cheol‐Keun Park, Ho Lee, Chang‐Woo Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Hepatocyte chromosome polyploidization is an important feature of liver development and seems to be required for response to liver stress and injury signals. However, the question of how polyploidization can be tightly regulated in liver growth remains to be answered. Using a conditional knockout mouse model, liver‐specific depletion of Ssu72 protein phosphatase was found to result in impairment in regulation of polyploidization. Interestingly, the aberrant polyploidization in Ssu72‐depleted mice was associated with impaired liver damage response and increased markers of liver injury and seemed to mimic the phenotypic features of liver diseases such as fibrosis, steatosis, and steatohepatitis. In addition, depletion of Ssu72 caused deregulation of cell cycle progression by overriding the restriction point of the cell cycle and aberrantly promoting DNA endoreplication through G 2 /M arrest. Conclusion : Ssu72 plays a substantial role in the maintenance of hepatic chromosome homeostasis and would allow monitoring of liver function. (H epatology 2016;63:247–259)
Effects of Fasting on Growth and Glycolysis of the Ehrlich Ascites Tumor2
Authors: Richard S. Sandor
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

C57BL/6 male mice bearing the Ehrlich ascites tumor were sUbjected to two schedules of intermittent starvation, and the effect on the tumor's growth and production of lactic acid was determined. Fasting resulted in a linear doseresponse inhibition of tumor growth, but did not alter its lactic acid production.
Moderation of the Relationship Between Reward Expectancy and Prediction Error-Related Ventral Striatal Reactivity by Anhedonia in Unmedicated Major Depressive Disorder: Findings From the EMBARC Study
Authors: Tsafrir Greenberg, Henry W. Chase, Jorge R. Almeida, Richelle Stiffler, Carlos R. Zevallos, Haris A. Aslam, Thilo Deckersbach, Sarah Weyandt, Crystal Cooper, Marisa Toups, Thomas Carmody, Benji Kurian, Scott Peltier, Phillip Adams, Melvin G. McInnis, Maria A. Oquendo, Patrick J. McGrath, Maurizio Fava, Myrna Weissman, Ramin Parsey, Madhukar H. Trivedi, Mary L. Phillips
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2015)

Objective: Anhedonia, disrupted reward processing, is a core symptom of major depressive disorder. Recent findings demonstrate altered reward-related ventral striatal reactivity in depressed individuals, but the extent to which this is specific to anhedonia remains poorly understood. The authors examined the effect of anhedonia on reward expectancy (expected outcome value) and prediction error- (discrepancy between expected and actual outcome) related ventral striatal reactivity, as well as the relationship between these measures. Method: A total of 148 unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder and 31 healthy comparison individuals recruited for the multisite EMBARC (Establishing Moderators and Biosignatures of Antidepressant Response in Clinical Care) study underwent functional MRI during a well-validated reward task. Region of interest and whole-brain data were examined in the first- (N=78) and second- (N=70) recruited cohorts, as well as the total sample, of depressed individuals, and in healthy individuals. Results: Healthy, but not depressed, individuals showed a significant inverse relationship between reward expectancy and prediction error-related right ventral striatal reactivity. Across all participants, and in depressed individuals only, greater anhedonia severity was associated with a reduced reward expectancy-prediction error inverse relationship, even after controlling for other symptoms. Conclusions: The normal reward expectancy and prediction error-related ventral striatal reactivity inverse relationship concords with conditioning models, predicting a shift in ventral striatal responding from reward outcomes to reward cues. This study shows, for the first time, an absence of this relationship in two cohorts of unmedicated depressed individuals and a moderation of this relationship by anhedonia, suggesting reduced reward-contingency learning with greater anhedonia. These findings help elucidate neural mechanisms of anhedonia, as a step toward identifying potential biosignatures of treatment response.