tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Trichuris trichiura Infestations in the United Kingdom and Treatment with Difetarsone
Authors: D. M. Lynch, E. A. Green, J. A. McFadzean, I. M. Pugh
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Stool specimens were examined for the parasite Trichuris trichiura from 1,860 patients in 17 hospitals for the mentally subnormal in the U.K. It was found in 10 of these hospitals, and an overall incidence of 13.2% was recorded. Most cases occurred in the South, where the overall incidence was 36.3%.Difetarsone was used in the treatment of infestations in two hospitals, and proved to be very well tolerated, cure rates of 81 to 88% being obtained.
Vascular Disease and Homocysteine Metabolism
Authors: S. Harvey Mudd
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Elsewhere in this issue, Boers and co-workers1 present evidence that among 50 patients with early occlusive peripheral arterial or cerebrovascular disease, far more heterozygotes for deficiency of the enzyme cystathionine synthase were detected than would be expected in a random sample of the general population. This finding lends important support to the emerging hypothesis that there may be an association between premature vascular disease and mild impairments of homocysteine metabolism.Homocysteine is an amino acid formed during the metabolism of methionine. Several genetic diseases of human beings are now known to interfere with the further use of homocysteine, affecting either . . .
HIV associated cytomegalovirus colitis as a mimic of inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: D E Roskell, G M Hyde, A P Campbell, D P Jewell, W Gray
Journal: Gut (1995)

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) colitis may cause symptoms and signs identical to those of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease. Although difficult to diagnose with certainty, the histological finding of cytomegalovirus inclusions in tissue from a case of suspected inflammatory bowel disease is strongly suggestive. CMV colitis is an entity almost entirely confined to cases of severe immunosuppression. The case of a 79 year old widower who was admitted to hospital with symptoms suggestive of inflammatory bowel disease is presented. Despite medical treatment his condition worsened and he developed toxic dilatation of the colon requiring colectomy. Histological examination showed a mild superficial pancolitis, with focal severe inflammation, deep fissuring ulceration, and pseudopolyposis. Abundant CMV inclusions were seen in cells associated with the ulcerating inflammatory tissue. A diagnosis of indeterminate colitis with CMV was made. The patient9s condition worsened after surgery and he died a few days later despite intensive treatment, including antiviral chemotherapy directed against CMV. After death HIV serology was found to be positive. Regardless of the age and perceived lifestyle of the patient, a diagnosis of CMV colitis in someone not known to be immunosuppressed raises the possibility of HIV infection.
Lbx1 and Tlx3 are opposing switches in determining GABAergic versus glutamatergic transmitter phenotypes
Authors: Leping Cheng, Omar Abdel Samad, Yi Xu, Rumiko Mizuguchi, Ping Luo, Senji Shirasawa, Martyn Goulding, Qiufu Ma
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2005)
New viruses shake old paradigms
Authors: Chen-Yu Wang, Bill Sugden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2004)

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) can establish latent infection in host cells. The latently infected cells can survive and proliferate with a few viral genes expressed. However, in some Kaposi sarcoma cells, KSHV undergoes a productive life cycle and causes cell lysis. A new study (see the related article beginning on page 124) demonstrates that, after KSHV infection or introduction of viral plasmids into host cells, viral DNA is rapidly lost. Lytic virus production with ensuing infections could balance the loss of the viral plasmids to maintain the virus in cancer cells.
Fatal Occupational Injuries
Authors: Robert Leonard Goldberg
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> One of a series of useful articles derived from the National Traumatic Occupational Fatality surveillance project was recently published.<sup>1</sup>Bell et al emphasize the inherent difficulty in obtaining an accurate enumeration of occupational fatalities. Unfortunately, the authors make an error in the denominator that can cause large underestimations. Their rates are expressed per "100 000 workers" rather than per 100 000 person-years worked. The former denominator fails to adjust for the high prevalence of part-time workers in the youngest age groups. In a study of California occupational fatalities,<sup>2</sup>we used average workweek data from the 1980 census to show that this error would result in an underestimation of fatality rates by 37% in the youngest group. In fact, using person-years as denominators, we found that 16- to 24-year-olds had the highest rate of fatal injuries from industrial accidents related to Occupational Safety and Health
RAPID FILTERING APPARATUS STOPPED AUTOMATICALLY AND AT WILL
Authors: Moses Einhorn
Journal: JAMA (1927)

In order to emphasize the improvements which I claim for the apparatus I am about to describe, a brief summary of the difficulties encountered in the more common methods of filtration is quite necessary. The old method of procedure involved the use of a funnel, beaker and cotton or filter paper arranged in a fashion similar to that illustrated in figure 1. There were many difficulties and disadvantages connected with this old method. In the first place, the filter paper had to be folded into a shape to fit the funnel. Then, too, the rate of filtration was very slow. Constant attention was required to prevent an overflow of the filtrate into the container. Removal of the filtrate necessitated the removal of the beaker containing it and the substitution of another. Filtration could be stopped only by the removal of the filtering material from the funnel. These difficulties were constantly
Underlying Causes of Death of 1000 Patients with Diabetes
Authors: Herbert L. Lombard, Elliott P. Joslin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1958)

STUDIES of long-term trends of death rates were made more difficult by the adoption, in 1948, of the sixth revision of the Manual of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Injuries and Causes of Death. The earlier editions of the Manual gave priority to certain causes of death if they appeared on the death certificate. The sixth revision takes as the cause to be coded the underlying cause of death as stated by the certifying physician, irrespective of the causes that previously had priority.Formerly, if a certificate mentioned both diabetes and coronary-artery disease, the cause of death was . . .
Airway Disease and Thaumatin-like Protein in an Olive-Oil Mill Worker
Authors: Oscar Palomares, Manuel Alcántara, Joaquín Quiralte, Mayte Villalba, Francisco Garzón, Rosalía Rodríguez
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

To the Editor: The olive fruit is frequently consumed as food and used as raw material to obtain olive oil. Olive oil is pressed in mills, where workers are exposed daily to inhalation of particles derived from this processing. Despite widespread consumption, allergies to olive fruit and derivative products have seldom been documented.1–4 We report on a 41-year-old man who had been working since 1993 in an olive-oil mill. He was first seen in 2006, when the olive-oil mill was operating in Jaen, Spain; he had a 2-year history of episodic rhinitis, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and wheezing. . . .
More than 100 cancer experts attack Saatchi bill as potentially dangerous
Authors: G. Iacobucci
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Leading cancer specialists have warned that the peer Maurice Saatchi’s Medical Innovation Bill risks encouraging “irresponsible” experimentation with untested treatments that could cause “serious harm and suffering to patients.”

The private member’s bill, aimed at encouraging UK doctors to try experimental treatments where all else has failed without fear of litigation, was proposed by the Conservative peer after his wife died from ovarian cancer in 2011.

Despite opposition from sections of the medical profession,1 the UK government and the health secretary for England, Jeremy Hunt, recently lent their backing to the legislation after several …
PURPURA CAUSED BY THE INGESTION OF THE IODIDS
Authors: FRANK CROZER KNOWLES
Journal: JAMA (1910)

Because of the numerous types of eruption that may be produced by the ingestion of the iodids the subject is fraught with the greatest interest. Very few lesions of the skin have not been caused, at one time or another, by small or large doses of iodin or its various salts. Hundreds of papers have been written on the subject as a whole or on some interesting phase of it. The literature is so large that I am compelled to limit my remarks to the eruptions of the purpuric type. Although it is frequently difficult to ascertain accurately its past history in medicine, Coindet<sup>1</sup>was apparently the first to introduce iodin into the practice of medicine as a therapeutic agent. Ricord,<sup>2</sup>in 1839, mentioned various cutaneous eruptions that were caused by the ingestion of potassium iodid; the same author,<sup>3</sup>in 1842, referred to several cases in which
Gfi-1B controls human erythroid and megakaryocytic differentiation by regulating TGF-β signaling at the bipotent erythro-megakaryocytic progenitor stage
Authors: Voahangy Randrianarison-Huetz, Benoit Laurent, Valérie Bardet, Gerard C. Blobe, François Huetz, Dominique Duménil
Journal: Blood (2010)
Deletions of chromosome 13q in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance
Authors: R Königsberg, J Ackermann, H Kaufmann, N Zojer, E Urbauer, E Krömer, U Jäger, H Gisslinger, S Schreiber, R Heinz, H Ludwig, H Huber, J Drach
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Pituitary tumours and pregnancy.
Authors: K W Hancock, J S Scott, R M Gibson, J T Lamb
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Vincristine-induced neuropathy in lymphomas SIR,-Dr M G Mott (29 April, p 1145) raises the interesting question whether a sex difference in sensitivity to vincristine could provide an explanation for our findings (11 March, p 610).We described a 61 0 incidence of neuropathy in patients with lymphoma treated with vincristine compared with an 1 ,, incidence in a group of other malignancies treated with vincristine.As Dr Mott states correctly, the lymphoma group was pre- dominantly male, whereas in our comparison group were 23 patients with breast cancer who were exclusively female.However, in eight female lymphoma patients (the five original cases plus three more recent ones) there were three cases of vincristine neuropathy.Comparing these with the one case of neuropathy in 23 breast cancer patients there was a significant difference (/2 = 5 81; 0-01 < P < 0-025).Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the incidence of vincristine neuropathy in male lymphoma patients (13/20) and female lymphoma patients (3/8) (J2=1*77;02 P 01).Thus the higher incidence of vincristine neuropathy in the lymphoma group does appear to be disease-related rather than sex- related.
β Fibrinogen Gene Polymorphisms Are Associated With Plasma Fibrinogen and Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Isabelle Behague, Odette Poirier, Viviane Nicaud, Alun Evans, Dominique Arveiler, Gérald Luc, Jean-Pierre Cambou, Pierre-Yves Scarabin, Lucienne Bara, Fiona Green, François Cambien
Journal: Circulation (1996)

Background Polymorphisms of the β fibrinogen gene have been shown to affect plasma fibrinogen levels and the risk of peripheral arterial disease. We now present the results of a detailed analysis of the β fibrinogen gene in relation to plasma fibrinogen and to the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) in the ECTIM Study. Methods and Results Ten polymorphisms of the β fibrinogen gene, including five new polymorphisms identified by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis, and one polymorphism in the 3′ flanking region of the α fibrinogen gene were investigated in 565 patients with MI and 668 control subjects. The polymorphisms were in tight linkage disequilibrium and the genotype frequencies were similar in patients with MI and control subjects. In the multivariate analysis, only two polymorphisms, β Hae III ( P &lt;.0003) and β-854 ( P &lt;.01), were independently associated with plasma fibrinogen. The significant association between β fibrinogen polymorphisms and plasma fibrinogen was present in smokers but not in nonsmokers. In French MI patients, the number of coronary arteries with &gt;50% stenosis was estimated by angiography and used as a criterion for severity of CAD. Presence of the less frequent allele of the β Bcl I ( P &lt;.0003) and of other polymorphisms was positively associated with the severity of CAD. Conclusions Genetic variants of the β fibrinogen gene are associated with an increased plasma level of fibrinogen, especially in smokers. The association with CAD appears to be the consequence of an increased risk of MI in subjects with severe CAD who carry the predisposing β fibrinogen genotypes.
Abstract 8: Identification of a non-canonical BH3 peptide that binds the BH3 pocket of Mcl-1
Authors: William J. Placzek, Mattia Sturlese, Jun Wei, Bainan Wu, Jason Cellitti, Maurizio Pellecchia
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The identification of selective inhibitors of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family remains a principal target for cancer drug development. With the recent recognition of Mcl-1 as the primary Bcl-2 family member expressed in solid tumors and its ability to enable therapeutic resistance, identification of peptides that specifically bind to Mcl-1 has become critical for the development of improved therapeutics. To identify novel peptides that bind to the BH3 cleft of Mcl-1, we screened a randomized twelve residue phage display library using a pan-active Bcl-2 small-molecule inhibitor. This screen identified a unique non-canonical BH3 sequence, rBH3, which selectively binds to Mcl-1 over Bcl-xL. NMR analysis of the rBH3 interaction with Mcl-1 shows that it binds to the BH3 binding groove and an alanine scan of the sequence highlights the key residues responsible for its binding. A search for proteins with the rBH3 motif has identified a number of interesting targets which have previously been associated with apoptosis regulation. Thus we believe that this sequence represents a unique, Mcl-1-specific peptide sequence that may identify a previously unknown family of Mcl-1 interacting proteins. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 8. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-8
Does a latte a day keep the hepatologist away?
Authors: Oren K. Fix
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Background & Aims: Mounting evidence indicates that coffee drinking may protect against liver injury and lower the risk of liver cancer. We quantitatively assessed the relation between coffee consumption and the risk of liver cancer in a meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies. Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching MEDLINE (from 1966 to February 2007) and the reference lists of retrieved articles. We included cohort and case-control studies that reported relative risk (RR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of primary liver cancer or hepatocellular carcinoma by quantitative categories of coffee consumption. Study-specific RRs were pooled using a random-effects model. Results: Four cohort and 5 case-control studies, involving 2260 cases and 239,146 noncases, met the inclusion criteria. All studies observed an inverse relation between coffee consumption and risk of liver cancer, and in 6 studies the association was statistically significant. Overall, an increase in consumption of 2 cups of coffee per day was associated with a 43% reduced risk of liver cancer (RR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.49-0.67). There was no statistically significant heterogeneity among studies (P = .17). In stratified analysis, the summary RRs of liver cancer for an increase in consumption of 2 cups of coffee per day were 0.69 (95% CI, 0.55-0.87) for persons without a history of liver disease and 0.56 (95% CI, 0.35-0.91) for those with a history of liver disease. Conclusions: Findings from this meta-analysis suggest that an increased consumption of coffee may reduce the risk of liver cancer.
NOVEL ALKYLPHOSPHOCHOLINE ANALOGS FOR BROAD SPECTRUM CANCER IMAGING AND THERAPY
Authors: J. S. Kuo, J. P. Weichert, P. A. Clark, I. K. Kandela, A. Vacaro, W. Clark, M. Longino, A. Pinchuk, M. Farhoud, K. I. Swanson, J. Floberg, A. Traynor, L. T. Hall, C. Pazoles
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND: We present in vitro and in vivo imaging and therapeutic studies using a novel alkylphosphocholine (APC)-based molecular scaffold (CLR1404) that combines selective targeting of cancer (including cancer stem cells) with broad-spectrum activity against many different cancer types. CLR1404 APC analogs were created to exploit the finding that phospholipid ethers selectively accumulate in many cancers versus normal cells. METHODS: Depending on the iodine isotope used, radioiodinated CLR1404 is either a PET imaging (124I) or molecular radiotherapeutic agent (131I), with fluorescence analogs created by replacing iodide with various fluorophores. Standard tissue culture, xenograft and molecular biology protocols were used for these studies. RESULTS: CLR1404 displayed preferential uptake and retention in cancer and cancer stem cells compared to normal cells in vitro and in vivo. After 24 hours, selective uptake of fluorescent or radioiodinated CLR1404 analogs by multiple human cancer cell lines in vitro compared to patient-matched normal human fibroblasts was observed (2.3-2.8x). CLR1404 showed highly specific labeling of both human patient-matched glioblastoma stem cells and serum-cultured glioblastoma cells (3x over minimal labeling of control normal human astrocytes and neural stem cells). Lipid raft disruption reduced in vitro CLR1404 analog uptake.In vivo, CLR1404 analogs displayed prolonged tumor-selective retention in 55 different rodent and human cancer models (including triple-negative breast, lung, pancreatic, colorectal, prostate, renal, melanoma, GBM). Tumor accumulation was seen by 24 hours with continued normal tissue clearance between 48-120 hours. In vivo cancer stem cell labeling was also demonstrated. CLR1404 analogs do not visualize inflammatory or premalignant lesions (unlike currently used 18F-fluorodeoxy glucose (FDG)-PET tumor imaging).131I-CLR1404 also displayed therapeutic efficacy (tumor growth suppression, survival extension) especially in renal, colorectal, ovarian, prostate and triple-negative breast cancer, GBM models. CONCLUSIONS: The novel APC CLR1404 analogs potentially offer a powerful multi- modality strategy to detect, treat and follow primary and metastatic cancers in humans. Initial clinical trials strongly suggest CLR1404 has similar broad tumor targeting and retention properties in animals and humans. The pathological correlation between CLR1404 imaging and GBM is being tested in an ongoing multi-institutional Phase II clinical trial. SECONDARY CATEGORY: Preclinical Experimental Therapeutics.
Presumed Neurotrophic Skeletal Disease in Diabetic Kidney Transplant Recipients
Authors: Roby C. Thompson, Paul Havel, Fred Goetz
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A retrospective review of kidney transplant cases from 1969 to 1974 revealed a 20% incidence of neuropathic skeletal disease among diabetic patients, with the highest incidence occurring in the third and fourth years after transplantation. There were no identifiable differences in immunosuppressive drug management and sex predilection among nondiabetic kidney transplant recipients and the diabetic kidney transplant recipients. The presence of painless swelling in the lower extremity of these at-risk patients should be considered an early sign of impending pathological fracture, joint disruption, or both. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:1317-1319)
Perceived Difficult Temperament, Hostile Maternal Child-Rearing Attitudes and Insulin Resistance Syndrome Precursors among Children: A 3-Year Follow-Up Study
Authors: Niklas Ravaja, Saara Katainen, Liisa Keltikangas-Järvinen
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; We prospectively examined the relationship between latent constructs of perceived difficult temperament and hostile maternal child-rearing attitudes on the one hand, and the cluster of multiple cardiovascular risk factors comprising the insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) on the other. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; A 3-year follow-up study of 451 randomly selected healthy children was used. The temperament of the children and maternal child-rearing attitudes were self-rated by the mothers. The physiological parameters measured were serum insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, body-mass index and subscapular skinfold thickness. We analyzed the data using structural equation models that involved specific paths allowing separation, and tests of both unique and common (latent) aspects of measured variables. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Among boys we found a cross-lagged effect between the latent constructs of perceived difficult temperament and IRS, as well as 1 specific effect from hostile maternal child-rearing attitudes to HDL-C. Among girls there were 6 specific effects from specific measures of perceived temperamental difficultness or hostile maternal child-rearing attitudes that influenced the IRS or its components. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt; The findings suggest that temperament and maternal child-rearing attitudes may contribute to the early development of the IRS in a gender-specific way among children, thereby potentially increasing the risk of coronary heart disease later in life.
Ovarian Conservation during Surgery
Authors: Alexander A. Levi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

CONSERVATION of portions of the ovary during surgery is not a difficult procedure, and yet it is not practiced commonly by general surgeons. Gynecologists are well acquainted with the fact that a very small amount of ovarian tissue will protect the patient's future well-being. Surgeons of lesser training and experience in this specialty are more likely to remove ovaries, probably because of a lack of knowledge of pathology. With increased information on this score, surgeons will remove fewer ovaries in toto and will make every effort to save as much ovarian tissue as possible.This paper, therefore, is written to . . .