tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
LSC 2013 abstract - Increased expression of bitter taste receptors on peripheral blood leukocytes from children with severe asthma compared to healthy controls
Authors: Anna James, Christina Orsmark-Pietras, Erik Melén, Jon Konradsen, Björn Nordlund, Cilla Soderhäll, Juha Kere, Gunilla Hedlin, Sven-Erik Dahlen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Bitter taste receptor (TAS2R) signalling may be a novel pathway involved in asthma pathogenesis. TAS2R agonists are potent bronchodilators in human and animal models (Deshpande et al. Nature 2010; Pulkkinen et al. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012) and transcriptome analysis has revealed that several TAS2R genes are differentially expressed in white blood cells from children with severe asthma (Orsmark-Pietras ATS 2011 A6375). Our aim was to examine by RT-PCR whether TAS2R expression of 11 different TAS2R genes differed between children with severe asthma and healthy controls.   Methods:  Blood leukocytes were isolated and RNA was extracted from 19 children with diagnosed severe problematic asthma and 18 healthy controls. Subject characteristics were previously described (Konradsen et al. Pediatr Allergy Immuol 2011). RT-PCR was performed using primers for 11 different human TAS2Rs, and the endogenous control GAPDH.   Results:  Expression of most TAS2Rs was greater in children with severe asthma and these differences reached statistical significance for TAS2R13, TAS2R14 and TAS2R19 (fig 1).   Conclusion:  Along with previous observations of TAS2R agonists having bronchodilatory effects, the current observations support the notion that bitter taste signalling may represent a novel mechanism in asthma pathogenesis.
Effect of different chemotherapy regimens on peripheral-blood stem-cell collections in patients with breast cancer receiving granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
Authors: T Demirer, C D Buckner, B Storer, K Lilleby, S Rowley, R Clift, F R Appelbaum, R Storb, W I Bensinger
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of chemotherapy regimens on peripheral-blood stem-cell (PBSC) yields in patients with breast cancer who receive granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred patients with breast cancer received cyclophosphamide 4 g/m2 for dose (CY) (n = 10), CY and etoposide 600 mg/m2 (CE) (n = 13), CE and cisplatin 105 mg/m2 (CEP) (n = 19), or CY and paclitaxel 170 mg/m2 (n = 58), followed by G-CSF. PBSC collections were initiated when the WBC count recovered to greater than 1 x 10(9)/L. A multivariate analysis was undertaken to evaluate the effects of different chemotherapy regimens and patient variables on PBSC collections as measured by the yield of CD34+ cells. RESULTS The medians of average daily CD34+ cell yields for patients who received paclitaxel plus CY, CE, and CEP with G-CSF were 12.9, 11.03, and 5.37 x 10(6)/kg, respectively, compared with 2.02 x 10(6)/kg in the reference group that received CY with G-CSF (P = &lt; .0001, .002, and .09, respectively). On first-day collections, patients who received paclitaxel plus CY, CE, and CEP with G-CSF yielded medians of 11.07, 8.09, and 3.52 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg, respectively, compared with 0.90 x 10(6)/kg in the reference group that received CY with G-CSF (P = .0006, .02, and .09, respectively). The number of previous cycles of chemotherapy, previous radiotherapy, marrow involvement, and phase and stage of disease did not have statistically significant effects on CD34+ cell yield. CONCLUSION Combination chemotherapy regimens were superior to single-agent CY for the mobilization of CD34+ cells.
HER-2/neu Amplification in Benign Breast Disease and the Risk of Subsequent Breast Cancer
Authors: Azadeh Stark, Barbara S. Hulka, Scott Joens, Debra Novotny, Ann D. Thor, Lester E. Wold, Michael J. Schell, L. Joseph Melton, Edison T. Liu, Kathleen Conway
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the presence of HER-2/neu gene amplification and/or overexpression in benign breast disease was associated with an increased risk of subsequent breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a nested case-control study of a cohort of women who were diagnosed with benign breast disease at the Mayo Clinic and who were subsequently observed for the development of breast cancer. Patients who developed breast cancer formed the case group, and a matched sample from the remaining cohort served as controls. Benign tissue samples from 137 cases and 156 controls and malignant tissues from 99 cases provided DNA or tissue for evaluation of HER-2/neu amplification and protein overexpression. RESULTS: Among the controls, seven benign tissues (4.5%) demonstrated low-level HER-2/neu amplification, whereas 13 benign (9.5%) and 18 malignant (18%) tissue specimens from cases exhibited amplification. HER-2/neu amplification in benign breast biopsies was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer (odds ratio [OR] = 2.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9 to 5.8); this association approached statistical significance. The risks for breast cancer associated with benign breast histopathologic diagnoses were OR = 1.1 (95% CI, 0.6 to 1.9) for lesions exhibiting proliferation without atypia and OR = 1.5 (95% CI, 0.4 to 5.6) for the diagnosis of atypical ductal hyperplasia. For women having both HER-2/neu amplification and a proliferative histopathologic diagnosis (either typical or atypical), the risk of breast cancer was more than seven-fold (OR = 7.2; 95% CI, 0.9 to 60.8). Overexpression of the HER-2/neu protein product, defined as membrane staining in 10% or more of epithelial cells, was found in 30% of the breast tumors but was not detected in any of the benign breast tissues. Case patients who had HER-2/neu gene amplification in their malignant tumor were more likely to have had HER-2/neu amplification in their prior benign biopsy (P = .06, Fisher’s exact test). CONCLUSION: Women with benign breast biopsies demonstrating both HER-2/neu amplification and a proliferative histopathologic diagnosis may be at substantially increased risk for subsequent breast cancer.
Abstract P31: The Central Nervous System’s Inflammatory Cytokine Response to Global Ischemia Due to Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Scott Youngquist, James T Niemann, Ted Heyming, John P Rosborough
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: Pro-inflammatory cytokines have been implicated as culprits in neurotoxicity following ischemia in small animal models of stroke. The aim of this study was to measure the central nervous system (CNS) cytokine response following resuscitation from ventricular fibrillation (VF) in a porcine model of cardiac arrest and global hypoxic ischemia. Methods: VF was induced electrically in eleven anesthetized swine. Following seven minutes of untreated VF, animals were resuscitated. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum was sampled prior to VF and at 60, 120, and 180 minutes post-resuscitation from which levels of TNF-α IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured. Levels were also drawn in three sham pigs, instrumented but not fibrillated. Results: CSF levels of TNF-α rose following resuscitation (p&lt;0.0001, FIGURE ) and were correlated with CSF levels of IL-1β (Spearman rank correlation r=0.68, p&lt;0.0001) and IL-6 (r=0.55, p=0.0003). Changes in cytokine levels were not observed in sham pigs. Only CSF levels of IL-1β were associated with its serum counterpart (p=0.0006). Conclusions: Measurable increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines in the CSF follow resuscitation from cardiac arrest in this porcine model. The CNS response of all three inflammatory cytokines is highly inter-correlated.
Kenneth Alexander Buchanan
Authors: Fiona Buchanan
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The birth of Kenneth Alexander Buchanan (“Ken”) on 17 April 1926 was of immediate interest in the medical world—his parents lived in Dundee, but he was born in Edinburgh, where his mother Agnes had been in hospital for some months, having developed diabetes in her pregnancy. Details of his mother’s treatment and of the birth were written up in the British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology by the physician Charles …
Hypersensitivity or Development of Antibodies to Asparaginase Does Not Impact Treatment Outcome of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Michael H. Woo, Lawrence J. Hak, Michael C. Storm, John T. Sandlund, Raul C. Ribeiro, Gaston K. Rivera, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Patricia L. Harrison, Bo Wang, William E. Evans, Ching-Hon Pui, Mary V. Relling
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: Development of antibodies and hypersensitivity to asparaginase are common and may attenuate asparaginase effect. Our aim was to determine the relationship between antiasparaginase antibodies or hypersensitivity reactions and event-free survival (EFS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred fifty-four children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia received Escherichia coli asparaginase 10,000 IU/m 2 intramuscularly three times weekly for nine doses during multiagent induction and reinduction phases and for seven monthly doses during continuation treatment. Erwinia asparaginase was used in case of clinical hypersensitivity to E coli but not for subclinical development of antibodies. Plasma antiasparaginase antibody concentrations were measured on day 29 of induction in 152 patients. RESULTS: Antibodies were detectable in 54 patients (35.5%), of whom 30 (55.6%) exhibited hypersensitivity to asparaginase. Of the 98 patients who had no detectable antibodies, 18 (18.4%) had allergic reactions. Patients with antibodies were more likely to have a reaction than those without antibodies (P &lt; .001). Among the 50 patients who experienced allergic reactions (including two for whom antibodies were not measured), 36 (72.0%) were subsequently given Erwinia asparaginase; seven (19.4%) reacted to this preparation. EFS did not differ among patients who did and did not have antibodies (P = .54), with 4-year EFS (± 1 SE) of 83% ± 6% and 76% ± 5%, respectively. Similarly, EFS did not differ among patients who did and did not develop allergic reactions (P = .68), with 4-year estimates of 82% ± 6% and 78% ± 5%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this setting, in which most patients with allergy were switched to another preparation, there was no adverse prognostic impact of clinical or subclinical allergy to asparaginase.
Allergy symptoms in personnel from a museum complex
Authors: Felicia Gradinariu, Eugenia Danulescu, Carmen Croitoru, Micaela Margineanu, Madalina Ipate
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim:Microbial exposure is crucial in asthma and allergy development, but there are few reports of airborne disorders in museum personnel. This study aimed to determine the immunological response and the prevalence of allergy symptoms among employees from a museum complex.  Materials/Methods: In a cross-sectional study, 64 employees from 10 museums (mean age: 43.5±9.9 yrs; mean exposure: 21.4±8.9 yrs) and a matched-control group (74 subjects) were questioned about allergy symptoms (respiratory, dermatological, conjunctival) and analyzed concerning serum immunoglobulins (Ig): IgA, G, M, E. Airborne microflora was measured by Koch method.  Results:Airborne fungal concentration exceeded the upper limit of 500 CFU/m3 in 5 museums. The incidence of abnormal high value for each Ig was significantly greater in exposed compared to controls (p  Conclusions: The bioaerosols in the workplace air might induce the diagnosed allergenic symptoms. This is supported by the significantly higher prevalence of elevated serum Ig in exposed. The allergenic potential of the workplace air should be monitored and reduced.
Abstract 21212: Novel Role of p90RSK-mediated Threonine 368 Phosphorylation of Sentrin/SUMO-Specific Proteases 2 on Disturbed Flow-induced Endothelial Dysfunction via Regulating p53-SUMOylation and Subsequent p53 Protein Stability
Authors: Kyungsun Heo, Hakjoo Lee, Nhat-Tu Le, Chang-Hoon Woo, Eugene Chang, Carolyn McClain, Craig Morrell, Keigi Fujiwara, Ja Abe
Journal: Circulation (2010)

It is well known that endothelial cells (EC) dysfunction is exacerbated by disturbed flow (d-flow) and diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the mechanical insight of d-flow and DM in regulating vascula...
Does quality of life really important in patients with COPD
Authors: Yavuz Havlucu, Arzu Yorgancioglu, Aysin Sakar Coskun, Pinar Celik
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

In this study,we aimed to investigate the in which group quality of life is important to predict the mortality in patients with COPD followed 10 years.  306 COPD patients assessed for eligibilityc at February 2003.35 patients were excluded due to not meeting inclusion criteria and declining to participate to stdy and 20 patients were also excluded after that because they could not complete the questionnaire.251 patients were assessed at the beginning.St. George Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ) and pulmonary function test assessment was done beginning and first year.Mortality will be obtained from hospital records and direct family interviews.Patients were followed 10 years.Patients were firstly classified according to GOLD stage and after each GOLD stage were classified according to SGRQ scores into 3 groups.  In this prospective study,218 patients(86.85%)were male and mean age was 65,55(43-82 years).When the begining parameters of dead patients and survived patients were compared,there was a difference according to body mass index,smoking,PFT,and SGRQ scores(p  Quality of life is important parameter to predict the mortality but it does not have superiority to pulmonary function tests in mild and very severe group of COPD patients.
Screening for clonal hematopoiesis as a predictive marker for development of t-AML following adjuvant therapy for breast cancer (S0012)
Authors: M. L. Slovak, V. Bedell, D. Lew, K. S. Albain, G. K. Ellis, R. Livingston, S. Martino, E. Perez, D. Sher, W. Stock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

11051 Background: A serious complication associated with breast cancer treatment is the increased risk for development of therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia (t-AML). To evaluate and possibly identify patients (pts) at high risk for development of t-AML, the Southwest Oncology Group asked whether dose-intensive adjuvant regimens for high risk breast cancer pts induced genetic damage to hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), defined by the emergence of clonal hematopoiesis, an early marker of HSC damage. Methods: 274 pts consented to the clonal hematopoiesis study objective of S0012, a randomized clinical trial of standard doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide followed by weekly paclitaxel (arm 1, 129 pts) vs. weekly doxorubicin and daily oral cyclophosphamide plus G-CSF followed by weekly paclitaxel (arm 2, 145 pts) as neoadjuvant therapy for inflammatory and locally advanced breast cancer. Two different clonality assays were used: the HUMARA (HUMan Androgen Receptor) Assay to estimate the incidence of early genetic damage by clonal proliferation and microsatellite instability (MSI) testing at 5 loci (Bat 26, Bat 40, APC, Mfd, D2S123), common ‘hotspots‘ in t-AML, to screen for loss of heterozygosity or defective DNA mismatch repair mechanisms. Blood samples were evaluated prior to treatment and at 6 and 12 mos post-surgery for emergence of clonal hematopoiesis. Results: Of the 274 pts enrolled, follow-up clonal hematopoiesis samples were available for 195 pts; 96 pts on arm 1 and 99 pts on arm 2. Both HUMARA and MSI results were negative for clonal hematopoiesis in 96% of samples analyzed. In 14 cases, the HUMARA assay suggested that a clonal population was present, but MSI analysis was negative. No cases were HUMARA+/MSI+. With a median follow-up of 19.6 mos, only one pt has developed t-AML 3 yr 5 mos post randomization. Her clonal hematopoiesis test samples at 6 and 12 mos following treatment were negative. Conclusions: Clonal hematopoiesis assays performed within the first year following neoadjuvant therapy and surgery on S0012 failed to identify an emerging clonal HSC population. Longer clinical follow-up will be necessary to define the positive predictive value of detecting clonal hematopoiesis in the 14 HUMARA+/MSI- cases as a harbinger of t-AML. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 1849: High nuclear expression of the p53 target Wig-1 is associated with poor prognosis in cervical carcinoma
Authors: Lidi Xu, Susanne Muller, Mikael Lerner, Svetlana Lagercrantz, Dan Grandér, Keng-Ling Wallin, Klas G. Wiman, Sonia Andersson, Catharina Larsson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide, and is the most common cancer in Eastern Africa, South-Central Asia and Melanesia. Persistent HPV infection is an important feature of cervical cancer. The central role of chromosome 3q for progression from low-grade dysplastic lesions to higher grades and to invasive carcinomas has been well established. Gain of 3q can occur in morphologically normal cytology of women who developed cervical carcinomas after only a short latency. The Wig-1 gene (wt p53-induced gene 1) is located at the frequently gained chromosomal region 3q. We examined Wig-1 in eight cervical cancer cell lines (Ca Ski, ME-180, MS751, SiHa, SW 756, C-4I, C-33A, and HT-3) by FISH, Southern, Northern, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. We did not detect any Wig-1 gene alterations in these cell lines. C33-A and HT-3 with strong Wig-1 mRNA expression were HPV negative while the HPV positive cells only exhibited low / moderate Wig-1 expression by Northern blotting. However, no association was found between Wig-1 protein expression and HPV infection. We also assessed Wig-1 expression in a series of 38 cervical tumors, including both squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADCA), by immunohistochemistry. Interestingly, patients who showed moderate nuclear Wig-1 expression levels and positive cytoplasmic Wig-1 staining in their tumors had significantly better prognosis than patients with high nuclear Wig-1 expression and no cytoplasmic staining (Log Rank P value = 0.042). Moreover, higher nuclear Wig-1 expression levels were associated with HPV negative cervical tumors (P=0.003). These results suggest that a marker like Wig-1 could have considerable impact on prediction of the prognosis in women with cervical cancer. Our previous results indicate that Wig-1 acts as a survival factor. Thus, high levels of nuclear Wig-1 may promote tumor growth and survival. The exact role of Wig-1 at the molecular level during cervical carcinoma development needs further investigation. Citation Format: Lidi Xu, Susanne Muller, Mikael Lerner, Svetlana Lagercrantz, Dan Grandér, Keng-Ling Wallin, Klas G. Wiman, Sonia Andersson, Catharina Larsson. High nuclear expression of the p53 target Wig-1 is associated with poor prognosis in cervical carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1849. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1849
High Incidence of Spontaneous Cervical and Vaginal Tumors in an Inbred Strain of Brown Norway Rats (BN/Bi)
Authors: J. D. Burek, C. Zurcher, C. F. Hollander
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The incidence of spontaneously occurring tumors of the cervix and vagina was unusually high in an inbred strain of Brown Norway rats (BN/Bi). Fifty-four tumors were diagnosed in the cervixes or vaginas of 252 rats. Of the tumors, 7 were squamous cell carcinomas, 4 were leiomyomas, and the rest were sarcomas. These tumors were found in nearly 20% of all female rats that died naturally.
Suitability of Endobronchial Ultrasound-guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration Specimens for Subtyping and Genotyping of Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Neal Navani, James M. Brown, Matthew Nankivell, Ian Woolhouse, Richard N. Harrison, Vandana Jeebun, Mohammed Munavvar, Benjamin J. Ng, Doris M. Rassl, Mary Falzon, Gabrijela Kocjan, Robert C. Rintoul, Andrew G. Nicholson, Sam M. Janes
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2012)

The current management of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) requires differentiation between squamous and nonsquamous subtypes as well as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) is increasingly used for the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. However, it is unclear whether cytology specimens obtained with EBUS-TBNA are suitable for the subclassification and genotyping of NSCLC.To determine whether cytology specimens obtained from EBUS-TBNA in routine practice are suitable for phenotyping and genotyping of NSCLC.Cytological diagnoses from EBUS-TBNA were recorded from 774 patients with known or suspected lung cancer across five centers in the United Kingdom between 2009 and 2011.The proportion of patients with a final diagnosis by EBUS-TBNA in whom subtype was classified was 77% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73-80). The rate of NSCLC not otherwise specified (NSCLC-NOS) was significantly reduced in patients who underwent immunohistochemistry (adjusted odds ratio, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.28-0.82; P = 0.016). EGFR mutation analysis was possible in 107 (90%) of the 119 patients in whom mutation analysis was requested. The sensitivity, negative predictive value, and diagnostic accuracy of EBUS-TBNA in patients with NSCLC were 88% (95% CI, 86-91), 72% (95% CI, 66-77), and 91% (95% CI, 89-93), respectively.This large, multicenter, pragmatic study demonstrates that cytology samples obtained from EBUS-TBNA in routine practice are suitable for subtyping of NSCLC and EGFR mutation analysis and that the use of immunohistochemistry reduces the rate of NSCLC-NOS.
Thrombolysis-Related Hemorrhage
Authors: Tiffany Cossey, Nicole R. Gonzales
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal