tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Downregulation of adenylylcyclase types V and VI mRNA levels in pacing-induced heart failure in dogs.
Authors: Y Ishikawa, S Sorota, K Kiuchi, R P Shannon, K Komamura, S Katsushika, D E Vatner, S F Vatner, C J Homcy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

We have shown that the heart expresses two distinct forms of adenylylcyclase mRNA, types V and VI. In this study we have characterized the expression of these two mRNA species in heart failure generated by overdrive pacing at a rate of 240 beats/min. After 4 wk, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and heart rate increased significantly with the appearance of signs of heart failure, i.e., edema, ascites, and exercise intolerance. Basal as well as forskolin-stimulated adenylylcyclase activities decreased significantly, which was accompanied by a reduction in the steady state mRNA levels of adenylylcyclase types V and VI. These data suggest that in this model of cardiomyopathy, the downregulation of adenylylcyclase catalytic activity results, at least in part, from a reduction in the steady state levels of types V and VI adenylylcyclase mRNA levels.
Intramuscular diclofenac for the prevention of post-ERCP pancreatitis: a randomized trial
Authors: Se Park, Moon Chung, Tak Oh, Jeong Park, Seungmin Bang, Seung Park, Si Song
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aims: </b>Rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been shown to reduce the incidence of postendoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). The aim of this study was to determine whether intramuscular diclofenac reduces the risk of PEP. <b>Patients and methods:</b> Patients who underwent ERCP were randomized to receive either 90 mg of diclofenac or placebo by intramuscular injection immediately after the procedure. PEP was defined as elevated serum amylase levels (at least three times the upper limit of normal 24 hours after the procedure) associated with new or worsened upper abdominal, epigastric, or back pain. <b>Results: </b>In total, 380 patients were randomized, and 343 were eligible for analysis. The two groups were similar regarding clinical and demographic factors, as well as patient- and procedure-related risk factors for PEP. PEP developed in 20/170 patients (11.8 %) in the placebo group and in 22/173 patients (12.7 %) in the diclofenac group (<i>P</i> = 0.87). Multivariate regression analysis failed to illustrate that intramuscular diclofenac prevented PEP (odds ratio 0.79; 95 % confidence interval 0.39 – 1.25; <i>P</i> = 0.51). <b>Conclusion: </b>Prophylactic intramuscular diclofenac had no beneficial preventive effect on PEP. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01717599.
Intracoronary stenting compared with conventional therapy for abrupt vessel closure complicating coronary angioplasty. A matched case-control study
Authors: A.Michael Lincoff, Eric J. Topol, Anthony T. Chapekis, Barry S. George, Richard J. Candela, David W.M. Muller, Connie A. Zimmerman, Stephen G. Ellis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Renal Circulation in Man Studied by Means of a Dye-Dilution Method
Authors: FRANÇOIS C. REUBI, NICOLAS GOSSWEILER, RENÉ GUÜRTLER
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A dye-dilution method of measuring renal hemodynamics in man has been described. The method requires catheterization of both the renal artery and the renal vein, a single injection of dye into the renal artery, and recording of the venous dilution curve by means of a cuvette densitometer. The method was evaluated in 11 normal subjects, eight patients with acute anuric renal failure, and 13 patients with chronic renal disease. In 26 instances the PAH clearance and the PAH-extraction ratio were determined simultaneously. The dye-PAH flow ratio averaged 0.98 for the whole series. The limitations of the dye method have been discussed. The dye method probably makes it possible to estimate the blood flow distribution within the human kidney. The available data indicate that cortical blood flow in the normal kidney ranges from 80 to 93% of the total flow, with a mean transit time of 5 to 10 sec. The calculated cortical vascular volume ranges from 52 to 78% of the total volume. The extracortical flow presumably represents medullary circulation with a mean transit time of 19 to 25 sec. In anuric renal failure the total renal blood flow averaged 55% of normal and did not increase significantly during the subsequent polyuria. The shape of the dilution curves remained essentially normal in anuria and polyuria as well.
Advantages and disadvantages of neonatal circumcision
Authors: D. Harrison
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —Dr Laumann and colleagues 1 conclude that data from the National Health and Social Life Survey do not lend clear support to either side in the circumcision debate. However, by demonstrating that circumcision does not reduce the risk of contracting STDs, the authors may have knocked another prop out from under a medical procedure that already depends on the frailest of support. Moreover, their finding that removal of the foreskin alters patterns of sexual behavior over a lifetime casts further doubt on the appropriateness of circumcising infants too young to give informed consent.  Circumcision is an invasive procedure that is not essential to an infant's welfare and virtually always can be deferred with little or no risk. The finding that circumcision has significant impact in later life adds further credibility to the view that a decision regarding circumcision should be postponed until a man can choose for himself. In 1995
Reliability of noninvasive cardiac output measurement by whole-body electrical bioimpedence in patients treated for acute congestive heart failures
Authors: Gad Cotter, Alex Tsoglin, Edo Kaluski, Yron Moshkovitz, Ahmed Salah, Olga Milovanov, Ricardo Krakover, Zvi Vered, Daniel Goor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Abstract 55: Prediction of miRNA target genes using a hidden Markov model
Authors: Chien-Yueh Lee, Jui-Hui Hung, Mong-Hsun Tsai, Chuhsing Kate Hsiao, Eric Y. Chuang, Liang-Chuan Lai
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs about 22 nucleotides in length that play important regulatory roles in animals for translational repression by targeting mRNAs. Recent studies reported that miRNAs may function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, and the alterations in miRNA expression may be critical in tumor genesis and cancer progression. Using computational methodologies can rapidly identify miRNA targets in massive data, and provide rich gene-related information for human cancer studies. However, it is challenging to predict targets in animals due to imperfect complementarity between miRNAs and mRNA targets. In order to further improve the prediction performance, we proposed a novel miRNA target-gene prediction algorithm that combines several conventional prediction models including the sequence complementary searching for calculating alignment scores and thermodynamic stability approaches for assigning folding free energy to each miRNA-target interaction. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM), a well known machine learning approach, was implemented in the algorithm to help the prediction decision. However, an HMM cannot consider all global information of the sequences due to its innate limitation. Therefore, forward and backward HMMs were simultaneously utilized in the proposed algorithm to overcome this limitation. As a result, any element information of miRNA-target interactions was able to pass to any other element by bi-directions. The proposed algorithm can predict the cancer-related miRNA target genes through a suitable combination of the proposed models. The results show that the highest sensitivity, specificity, and overall accuracy were 84.25%, 96.78%, and 96.67%, respectively. Based on our analysis, 52.42% prediction result of the proposed algorithm was consistent with other existing prediction algorithms. Furthermore, the predicted target genes obtained by the proposed algorithm could be likely found from the potential cancer-related genes discovered by microarray data. A total of 70.37% predicted target genes were significantly overlapped with the cancer-related genes from microarray data, suggesting these genes were substantially regulated by miRNAs in cancer. In conclusion, our proposed novel algorithm is able to predict miRNA target genes, commonly found among microarray-identified dysregulated genes in previous cancer studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 55. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-55
The unexpected effect of cyclosporin A on CD56+CD16− and CD56+CD16+ natural killer cell subpopulations
Authors: Hongbo Wang, Bartosz Grzywacz, David Sukovich, Valarie McCullar, Qing Cao, Alisa B. Lee, Bruce R. Blazar, David N. Cornfield, Jeffrey S. Miller, Michael R. Verneris
Journal: Blood (2007)
Effects of “Free” Medical Care on Medical Practice — The Quebec Experience
Authors: Philip E. Enterline, J. Corbett McDonald, Alison D. McDonald, Lise Davignon, Vera Salter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract Interviews with random samples of practicing physicians in Montreal were conducted before and after the introduction of a universal health-insurance plan. The size and composition of the physician population were not affected by the introduction of the plan. There was a reduction of 8 1/2 hours, however, in the physician's average workweek, from 54.8 hours to 46.3 hours, with large declines in time spent in telephone consultations and in seeing patients at home or in the hospital. Average daily patient contacts also fell — from 82,262 to 74,463 —owing to declines in telephone contacts and home and hospital visits. Patients seen in the office increased, however, from 23,840 per day to 31,509. Patients thought by doctors to have sought medical advice without reasonable cause rose from 1.1 per cent of all patients seen to 1.9 per cent, whereas those who physicians thought should have sought medical advice sooner fell from 2.6 to 1.8 per cent. (N Engl J Med 288: 1152–1155, 1973)
A kinetic study of lung DNA-synthesis during simulated chronic high altitude hypoxia.
Authors: N Volkel, U Wiegers, V Sill, J Trautmann
Journal: Thorax (1977)

Rats were exposed to crhonic hypobaric hypoxia at a simulated altitude of 4250 m for 3, 6, 9, 12, 20, and 35 days. The in-vitro incorporation of 3H-thymidine into the DNA of lung tissue was measured and compared with that of normoxic controls: the obtained time course study showed a maximum increase of 345% on the ninth day of hypoxia, indicating a marked stimulation of cellular proliferation. Between the 12th and 20th day of hypoxia, the lung DNA-synthesis reached control values. No significant change in the DNA-concentration of the lungs was registered. The response to hypoxia was less impressive in rat livers used as controls.
FTA-ABS Test
Authors: Harold W. Jaffe
Journal: JAMA (1976)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We believe that the data presented by Burns in his report on the fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption (FTA-ABS) test (234:617, 1975) do not support his conclusions. First, Burns' use of the FTA-ABS test to screen healthy persons for syphilis was an improper application of the test and may have led to meaningless conclusions. When any diagnostic test is applied to a low-prevalence disease population, such as presumed healthy persons, the ratio of false-positive to true-positive results increases. Thus, the author's results may represent results of repeat serologic testing in a number of persons with false-positive FTA-ABS tests. The use of this test should be restricted to those persons who are at high risk of syphilis, eg, persons with reactive VDRL test results or suspicion of recent syphilis. Second, Burns failed to support his statement that the degree of fluorescence in the FTA-ABS test is important in detecting syphilis.
Epidemiologic data of primary glomerular diseases in western France
Authors: Pierre Simon, Marie-Paule Ramee, Rehouni Boulahrouz, Corina Stanescu, Christophe Charasse, Kim Seng Ang, Françoise Leonetti, Gérard Cam, Eric Laruelle, Valérie Autuly, Nathalie Rioux
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Efficient postexposure prophylaxis by hepatitis A vaccine
Authors: Samira Fafi‐Kremer, Françoise Stoll‐Keller, Thomas F. Baumert, Kris Kowdley, Geoffrey McCaughan, Christian Trautwein
Journal: Hepatology (2008)

BACKGROUND: Hepatitis A vaccine administered to persons after exposure to the hepatitis A virus has not been compared directly with immune globulin, which is known to be highly effective in preventing hepatitis A when given within 2 weeks after exposure to the virus. METHODS: We randomly assigned household and day-care contacts, 2 to 40 years of age, in Almaty, Kazakhstan, to receive one standard age-appropriate dose of hepatitis A vaccine or immune globulin within 14 days after exposure to patients with hepatitis A. Instances of laboratory-confirmed, symptomatic hepatitis A infection occurring between 15 and 56 days after exposure were then assessed during active follow-up of all susceptible contacts. RESULTS: Of 4524 contacts who underwent randomization, 1414 (31%) were susceptible to hepatitis A virus and 1090 were eligible for the per-protocol analysis. Among these contacts, 568 received hepatitis A vaccine and 522 received immune globulin. Most contacts were children (average age, 12 years), and most received prophylaxis during the second week after exposure (average interval after exposure, 10 days). The baseline characteristics of the contacts were similar in the two groups. Symptomatic infection with hepatitis A virus was confirmed in 25 contacts receiving vaccine (4.4%) and in 17 contacts receiving immune globulin (3.3%) (relative risk, 1.35; 95% confidence interval, 0.70 to 2.67). CONCLUSIONS: Low rates of hepatitis A in both groups indicate that hepatitis A vaccine and immune globulin provided good protection after exposure. Although the study's prespecified criterion for noninferiority was met, the slightly higher rates of hepatitis A among vaccine recipients may indicate a true modest difference in efficacy and might be clinically meaningful in some settings. Vaccine has other advantages, including long-term protection, and it may be a reasonable alternative to immune globulin for postexposure prophylaxis in many situations
Canadian RCTs to have new registration rules
Authors: David Spurgeon
Journal: BMJ (2004)

All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research—Canada's primary funding agency for health research—will require registration with the International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN). The institutes' president, Dr Alan Bernstein, said that the goal was to ensure greater access worldwide to information about the trials.

Under the ISRCTN scheme—developed by the UK company …
Fatal oxprenolol poisoning.
Authors: C Roberts, H McNulty
Journal: BMJ (1977)

being R for rehydration, 0 for oral fluid replacement, S for simultaneous intravenous rehydration, and E for education of mothers about diarrhoea and dehydration.This is very important and in large Indonesian cities a child's admission to hospital is often one of the few opportunities for this educational process to occur.This ROSE method is now being used on a nation-wide basis.These results represent a marked improvement over recent years.In 1963 the mortality rate from childhood cholera in Jakarta was 46 ",, when glucose-saline was given intra- venously.In 1973 the mortality rate dropped to 10",, when sodium bicarbonate was added to the intravenous fluid, in 1974 it dropped even further to 3-5",, when Ringer's lactate was given intravenously followed by glucose- electrolyte solution orally.This simple ROSE system could be used in large hospitals where facilities for intravenous therapy are available.Minor modifications, such as the substitution of sucrose for glucose, in the oral fluid should not adversely affect the results.Sucrose is much more readily available and much cheaper and has been shown to be very useful in the oral treatment of this disease.
Drug company executives sacked after allegations of illegal surveillance
Authors: C. Kovac
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Two executives at Lilly Hungaria, the Hungarian subsidiary of US pharmaceutical giant Eli Lilly, have been dismissed after allegations that they ordered the illegal surveillance of officials of the National Health Fund, the body that manages the government budget for health care. The officials have the power to influence decisions on state drug subsidies.

The company's membership of the Association of Innovative Drug Producers has been suspended. The association has issued a statement saying that “Lilly Hungaria has admitted to making a mistake and claims they are taking the necessary steps to investigate the case within the company.”

The alleged …
Relation Between the Deletion Polymorphism of the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene and Late Luminal Narrowing After Coronary Angioplasty
Authors: Martial Hamon, Christophe Bauters, Carole Amant, Eugène P. McFadden, Nicole Helbecque, Jean-Marc Lablanche, Michel E. Bertrand, Philippe Amouyel
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been implicated in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. The deletion allele is strongly associated with the level of circulating ACE and is a potent risk factor for myocardial infarction. Recently, the deletion allele was also associated with the occurrence of visually diagnosed restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in a selected population of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Methods and Results We investigated the influence of the ACE I/D polymorphism on the occurrence of restenosis after PTCA with the use of quantitative coronary angiography. ACE I/D genotypes were characterized in 118 consecutive patients who had one-vessel disease and were undergoing systematic angiographic follow-up. Coronary angiograms were analyzed before and after PTCA and at follow-up (7.4±3.0 months). Before PTCA, there were no clinical or angiographic differences among the three groups of genotypes ( DD , n=39; ID , n=62; II , n=17). After PTCA, the mean differences in minimal luminal diameter between post-PTCA and pre-PTCA angiograms (acute gain) were identical in the three groups, as was the mean percent residual stenosis. At follow-up angiography, the mean difference in minimal coronary luminal diameter between post-PTCA and follow-up angiograms (late loss) was not significantly different in the three groups of genotypes. The percentage of patients with restenosis defined as a &gt;50% stenosis was identical in the three groups. Conclusions In this quantitative study, the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene had no influence on the occurrence of restenosis after coronary angioplasty.
PWE-067 MRI to distinguish hidradenitis suppurativa from perianal Crohn's disease
Authors: N Griffin, K M Taylor, A B Williams, S H Anderson, P M Irving, J D Sanderson, N Desai, V Goh
Journal: Gut (2012)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic inflammatory disease of apocrine gland-bearing skin. It has a predilection for the ano-genital skin and is characterised clinically by inflammatory abscesses and sinus tract formation. Clinically, the condition can mimic cutaneous Crohn9s disease, and furthermore it may co-exist with Crohn9s disease.<sup>1</sup> MRI is often used to assess perianal Crohn9s disease and has been comprehensively described in the literature, however to date, there has only been one case report to describe the MRI features of perianal hidradenitis suppurativa.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Methods</h3> The electronic patient records, and radiology and inflammatory bowel disease databases were searched for patients with hidradenitis suppurativa who had undergone short-tau inversion recovery (STIR) MR imaging to define disease severity, assess for fistulating disease and exclude Crohn9s disease, between 2005 and 2012. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 188 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa were identified (129 female, six with concomitant IBD), of whom 18 (15 male, three with comcomitant IBD) had undergone perianal MRI. On baseline MRI, multiple tracts were typically seen in the natal cleft (15/18), the perianal (11/18), the perineal (10/18) and glutaeal (8/18) regions. Abscesses were most commonly glutaeal (3/18). The overall pattern of disease was distinct to that seen in Crohn9s disease, with multiple sinus tracts that were superficial in nature in the majority of patients with hidradentis suppurativa, compared to perianal Crohn9s disease where tracts are usually centred on the anal sphincter complex. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The use of STIR MRI can help define extent of perianal disease in hidradenitis suppurativa, and typically shows a different involvement compared to Crohn9s disease, allowing distinction between the two, and thus appropriate management. <h3>Competing interests</h3> None declared. <h3>References</h3> 1. <b>van der Zee HH</b>, van der Woude CJ, Florencia EF, <i>et al.</i> Hidradenitis suppurativa and inflammatory bowel disease: are they associated? Results of a pilot study. <i>Br J Dermatol</i> 2010;<b>162</b>:195–7. 2. <b>Kelly AM</b>, Cronin P. MRI features of hidradenitis suppurativa and review of the literature. <i>AJR Am J Roentgenol</i> 2005;<b>185</b>:1201–4.
Efforts Mount to Curb Carbapenem-Resistant Infections
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2014)

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