tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Robotic Nephroureterectomy: A Simplified Approach Requiring No Patient Repositioning or Robot Redocking
Authors: Homayoun Zargar, Jayram Krishnan, Riccardo Autorino, Oktay Akca, Luis Felipe Brandao, Humberto Laydner, Dinesh Samarasekera, Oliver Ko, Georges-Pascal Haber, Jihad H Kaouk, Robert J Stein
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Studies on the sequestration of chemically and enzymatically modified erythrocytes
Authors: Bård Smedsrød, David Aminoff
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1983)

Abstract We have developed an experimental animal model to establish the patterns of sequestration of untreated, as well as chemically and enzymatically modified red blood cells (RBC). The intraperitoneal route of transfusion provides a useful way of transferring large numbers of untreated RBC into small animals and assuring their introduction into the circulation within 24 hr. Moreover, this route “filters” some types of modified erythrocytes, eg, glutaraldehyde treated RBC. From the pattern of sequestration, the RBC in the peritoneal cavity then pass through the liver where other types of modified RBC are sequestered, eg, after trypsin, pronase, protease, or sialidase treatment. Some modified RBC show a preference for the spleen as the site of sequestration, eg, galactose oxidase or N‐ethylmaleimide treated RBC. These appear in the spleen despite intraperitoneal transfusion. Relevant to this study is the observation that in the rat old RBC are sequestered both by liver and spleen, while asialo‐erythrocytes are sequestered by liver only. A possible reason for this difference is discussed in the text.
High rate of antidepressant treatment in elderly people who commit suicide
Authors: M. Waern, J. Beskow, B. Runeson, I. Skoog
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The strong role of affective illness in suicides late in life has been shown repeatedly.1 The prevailing view is that suicide in the elderly is primarily a question of undiagnosed, untreated depression.2 3 During recent years antidepressants which are better tolerated by elderly people have been introduced. We therefore examined cases of suicide among elderly people to see whether they had been taking antidepressants.

Seventy five Scandinavian born people aged 65 or over (40 men, 35 women) committed suicide and were examined by the Goteborg Institute of Forensic Medicine from January 1994 to July 1995. The median age was 73 years (range 65–97). Sixty suicides were classified as certain—that is, there was no doubt of suicidal intention according to the forensic examiner (ICD9, E950-959)—and 15 …
INJURY RATES, MECHANISMS, AND RISK FACTORS FOR INJURY IN YOUTH ROCK CLIMBERS
Authors: K Woollings, C McKay, J Kang, W Meeuwisse, CA Emery
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2014)

Background Participation in rock climbing has grown globally in recent years. In 2010, the International Federation of Sport Climbing was officially recognized by the International Olympic Committee as part of the Olympic Family. Although some studies exist describing adult sport climbing injuries, few have examined injury in youth climbers. Objective To examine incidence, mechanisms, and risk factors for injury in 11- to 19-year-old recreational and elite sport climbers and boulderers. Design Cross-sectional study design. Setting Elite and recreational youth climbers were recruited from climbing facilities across Alberta, Canada. Participants Male and female climbers, aged 11-19 years, recruited from competitive junior teams and from recreational programs at each gym. In total, 285 participants were approached and 116 (41%) completed an anonymous questionnaire. Risk factor assessment Potential risk factors included climbing level, age, sex, height, weight, grade at which subjects climbed, injury in a sport other than climbing, risk-taking behaviours, socioeconomic status, climbing disciplines performed, participation in sports other than climbing, helmet use, preventive taping, use of cool-down, and climbing exposure hours. Main outcome measurements The primary outcome measure was climbing injury. Medical attention injuries and injuries resulting in time loss from climbing were also measured. Results The incidence rate of climbing injury was 4.44 injuries/1000 climbing hours (95% CI; 3.74, 5.23). Sprains and strains were the predominant injury type, and the primary mechanism of injury was repetitive overuse, followed by falls. Hands and fingers were the most commonly injured locations. Older age (15–19-year-olds), injury in a sport other than climbing, and preventive taping were shown to be risk factors for injury. Conclusions Climbing injury incidence rates are high in youth climbers. Findings are consistent with climbing injury studies in adults. Potential modifiable risk factors warrant further investigation in order to inform development of future injury prevention strategies.
Royal Colleges call for "duty" on sugary drinks in action plan against obesity
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Obesity programmes in the United Kingdom have failed and an urgent, society wide campaign is needed to fight the epidemic, says the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges.

The academy issued a 10 point action plan in a report1 on 18 February, following a year long inquiry by its obesity steering group.

Its recommendations include piloting a 20% levy on the price of sugary soft drinks; mandatory, food based standards in UK hospitals within 18 months; and reducing fast food outlets near schools.

It says that health professionals should be better trained to provide more help for patients with weight problems, acknowledging that some clinicians are “insensitive, ineffective, and lack confidence.”

Part of the problem, says the …
Magnitude of Stromal Hemangiogenesis Correlates with Histologic Subtype of Non–Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Jia Ruan, Elizabeth Hyjek, Pouneh Kermani, Paul J. Christos, Andrea T. Hooper, Morton Coleman, Barbara Hempstead, John P. Leonard, Amy Chadburn, Shahin Rafii
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Tumor stromal microenvironment promotes neoplastic growth and angiogenesis. We have previously shown that recruitment of marrow-derived vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1+ (VEGFR-1+) proangiogenic hematopoietic progenitors contributes instructively and structurally to neoangiogenesis in mouse models. Here, we investigated whether stromal incorporation of CD68+ hemangiogenic cells and α-smooth muscle actin+ (α-SMA+) stromal cells correlates with neoangiogenesis and progression in human non–Hodgkin's lymphoma subtypes. Experimental Design: Spatial localizations of vascular and stromal cells expressing CD34, VEGFR-1, α-SMA, and CD68 were examined by immunohistochemistry in 42 cases of non–Hodgkin's lymphoma, including diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL), and compared with benign follicular hyperplasia. Results: Compared with indolent lymphomas, there was a profound increase in recruitment of CD68+ cells and VEGFR-1+ neovessels in aggressive subtypes (including those transformed from indolent subtypes), where CD68+ cells were localized to the perivascular region of neovessels as well as the stromal compartment. The perivascular CD68+ cells expressed VEGFR-1 and VEGF-A. In contrast, there was a diffuse increase in α-SMA incorporation throughout the stromal compartment of indolent subtype of CLL/SLL compared with the scant perivascular pattern in aggressive subtypes. Overall, there was no correlation between CD34+ microvessel density and lymphoma histologic subtype. Conclusions: Heightened stromal hemangiogenesis as marked by infiltration of proangiogenic VEGFR-1+CD68+VEGF-A+ cells and their paracrine cross-talk with neovasculature appears to be a distinct feature of aggressive lymphoma, providing novel targets for antiangiogenic therapy, whereas α-SMA+ stromal vascular network may be differentially targeted in CLL/SLL.
934 EVOLUTION OF VIRAL LOAD AND GENOME SEQUENCE IN A CLINICAL TRIAL OF TENOFOVIR/EMTRICITABINE COMBINATION VERSUS TENOFOVIR MONOTHERAPY FOR PATIENTS WITH PREVIOUS ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL FAILURE
Authors: F. Lavocat, C. Pichoud, P. Deny, K. Borroto-Esoda, J. Sorbel, F. Rousseau, D. Durantel, F. Zoulim
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Directly Observed Therapy for Tuberculosis in New York City-Reply
Authors: Alan B. Bloch
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —The many public and private health care providers and outreach workers of New York State and NYC are to be congratulated for achieving a more than 10-fold increase in DOT for TB patients in NYC in just 2 years.<sup>1</sup>It is critical that this effort be sustained. While attributing any decline in secular trends to a specific intervention must be done cautiously, the role of DOT in the dramatic 15% decrease in reported TB cases from 1992 to 1993 (from 3811 to 3235) must be strongly considered. It will be important to further document their success by evaluating completion rates in patients with and without this intervention. At the same time, the use of DOT in NYC was not the only intervention. It was part of an individualized patient treatment plan that also provided accessible services, a reliable source of medication, treatment in a variety of settings,
Lung function and long term exposure to air pollutants in Switzerland. Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults (SAPALDIA) Team.
Authors: U Ackermann-Liebrich, P Leuenberger, J Schwartz, C Schindler, C Monn, G Bolognini, J P Bongard, O Brändli, G Domenighetti, S Elsasser, L Grize, W Karrer, R Keller, H Keller-Wossidlo, N Künzli, B W Martin, T C Medici, A P Perruchoud, M H Schöni, J M Tschopp, B Villiger, B Wüthrich, J P Zellweger, E Zemp
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

The effect of long-term exposure to air pollutants was studied in a cross-sectional population-based sample of adults (aged 18 to 60 yr; n = 9,651) residing in eight different areas in Switzerland. Standardized medical examination included questionnaire data, lung function tests, skin-prick testing, and end-expiratory CO concentration. The impact of annual means of air pollutants on FVC and FEV1 was tested (controlling for age and age squared, sex, height, weight, educational level, nationality, and workplace exposure). Analyses were done separately for healthy never-smokers, ex-smokers (controlling for pack-yr), for current smokers (controlling for cigarettes per day and pack-yr smoked), and for the whole population. Significant and consistent effects on FVC and FEV1 were found for NO2, SO2, and particulate matter < 10 microm (PM10) in all subgroups and in the total population, with PM10 showing the most consistent effect of a 3.4% change in FVC per 10 microg/m3. Results for ozone were less consistent. Atopy did not influence this relationship. The limited number of study areas and high intercorrelation between the pollutants make it difficult to assess the effect of one single pollutant. Our conclusion is that air pollution from fossil fuel combustion, which is the main source of air pollution with SO2, NO2, and PM10 in Switzerland, is associated with decrements in lung function parameters in this study.
National and Regional Trends in Heart Failure Hospitalization and Mortality Rates for Medicare Beneficiaries, 1998-2008
Authors: Jersey Chen, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, Yun Wang, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA (2011)

It is not known whether recent declines in ischemic heart disease and its risk factors have been accompanied by declines in heart failure (HF) hospitalization and mortality.
Adding short-term androgen-deprivation therapy to radiotherapy improved survival in localized prostate cancer
Authors: Steven E. Canfield
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club15 November 2011Adding short-term androgen-deprivation therapy to radiotherapy improved survival in localized prostate cancerSteven E. Canfield, MDSteven E. Canfield, MDUniversity of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA (S.E.C.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-10-201111150-02007 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationJones CU, Hunt D, McGowan DG, et al. Radiotherapy and short-term androgen deprivation for localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:107-18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21751904Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: References1 Bannuru RR, Dvorak T, Obadan N, et al. Comparative evaluation of radiation treatments for clinically localized prostate cancer: an updated systematic review. Ann Intern Med. 2011;155:171-8. [PMID: 21646550] Google Scholar2 Taylor LG, Canfield SE, Du XL. Review of major adverse effects of androgen-deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer. Cancer. 2009;115:2388-99. [PMID: 19399748] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA (S.E.C.)This article was published at Annals.org on 1 November 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byGenomic analysis of DNA repair genes and androgen signaling in prostate cancer 15 November 2011Volume 155, Issue 10Page: JC5-7KeywordsAdenocarcinomaAndrogensCancer treatmentHormonal therapyLymph nodesProstate cancerSurvival analysis ePublished: 15 November 2011 Issue Published: 15 November 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Increased Erythrocytic Osmotic Fragility in Pseudohypertrophic Muscular Dystrophy
Authors: Edwin R. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1976)

THE DEMONSTRATION by scanning electron microscopy<sup>1</sup>that erythrocytes in patients with pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy (PHMD) have an irregular, crenated-like surface prompted us to investigate the fragility of these erythrocytes, since crenation represents an early stage in the development of osmotic fragility.<sup>2</sup>Our studies indicate that the susceptibility of erythrocytes to hemolysis in hypotonic saline is increased in 85% of patients with PHMD. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3> Venous blood (0.1 ml) from 94 patients with PHMD and 19 healthy, aging, and sex-matched controls was added to hypotonic saline for the detection of osmotic fragility of erythrocytes. The concentrations of saline are indicated in the Table. The percent of hemolysis of erythrocytes was determined by spectrophotometry. The diagnosis of PHMD was based in each instance on muscle weakness on recording ergometry, increased calf size, and increased serum creatine phosphokinase levels. In addition, electromyography (41 patients), motor nerve conduction velocity (40 patients),
Chemobrain Is Real but May Need New Name
Authors: Karyn Hede
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2008)

Cancer patients know that chemobrain is real. The nearly ubiquitous experience of foggy thinking immediately after chemotherapy treatment has even inspired T-shirts and buttons emblazoned with “My Name is Chemo Brain.” For some cancer survivors, the cognitive effects of chemotherapy such as lack of concentration and short-term memory loss linger for years after treatment, but little is known about who is most likely to suffer a long-term
Factors influencing the healing rate of gastric ulcer in hospitalised subjects.
Authors: M Okada, T Yao, T Fuchigami, K Imamura, T Omae
Journal: Gut (1984)

A multiple linear regression analysis was carried out on 75 inpatients with gastric ulcer. In order to elucidate the effects of various factors - endoscopic and roentgenological findings, age, sex, medical history, and drugs such as antacids, anticholinergics or both - on the healing rate, these factors were compared between those with ulcer which healed within eight weeks after treatment and those which did not. In patients over 50 years of age, alcohol consumption of over 60 g per day until admission, duration of present ulcer pain for over three months, single ulcer, ulcer located in the lesser curvature and uneven elevation around the ulcer, there was significant delaying effect on ulcer healing. Drug ingestion, sex, smoking habits until admission, size, depth, and shape of ulcer, coexisting gastritis, and past and family history of ulcer disease had no significant effect on healing after eight weeks. The patients with less than two unfavourable factors (n = 46) had the best healing rate (100%) compared with those with three (n = 20) or four or more (n = 9) unfavourable factors. The healing rate of the latter two groups was 60% and 22%, respectively (p less than 0.001). A prognostic score based on these six factors represents the severity of gastric ulcer disease with regard to the healing rate in patients prescribed antacids, and/or anticholinergic drugs.
Re: Rustom P. Manecksha, Ivor M. Cullen, Sarfraz Ahmad, et al. Prospective Randomised Controlled Trial Comparing Trigone-Sparing versus Trigone-Including Intradetrusor Injection of AbobotulinumtoxinA for Refractory Idiopathic Detrusor Overactivity. Eur Urol 2012;61:928–35
Authors: Pascal Mouracade
Journal: European Urology (2011)
Sexual Hygiene and Pathology: A Manual for the Physician and the Professions
Authors: L. Clovis Hirning
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In nearly 600 pages this volume covers a wide range of subject matter from straight sexual anatomy to problems in dating, from sexual deviations to marital maladjustment to unwed motherhood. While the book shows evidence of having been designed as a textbook, the total effect is in some ways more reminiscent of an old-fashioned home medical advisor. This effect is heightened by poor documentation. In the 31/2 pages of bibliography all the references are to books, none to journals. Although there are some names mentioned in the text, most of them cannot be followed in a bibliography composed of items of largely generalized subject matter. Because of the broad coverage and poor documentation it is sometimes difficult to tell whether the opinions expressed are idiosyncratic with the author or represent a consensus of authorities in the field. A helpful feature of the book is, that synonyms of the topics
Absence of an Effect of Liposuction on Insulin Action and Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Samuel Klein, Luigi Fontana, V. Leroy Young, Andrew R. Coggan, Charles Kilo, Bruce W. Patterson, B. Selma Mohammed
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

Liposuction has been proposed as a potential treatment for the metabolic complications of obesity. We evaluated the effect of large-volume abdominal liposuction on metabolic risk factors for coronary heart disease in women with abdominal obesity.We evaluated the insulin sensitivity of liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue (with a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp procedure and isotope-tracer infusions) as well as levels of inflammatory mediators and other risk factors for coronary heart disease in 15 obese women before and 10 to 12 weeks after abdominal liposuction. Eight of the women had normal glucose tolerance (mean [+/-SD] body-mass index, 35.1+/-2.4), and seven had type 2 diabetes (body-mass index, 39.9+/-5.6).Liposuction decreased the volume of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue by 44 percent in the subjects with normal glucose tolerance and 28 percent in those with diabetes; those with normal oral glucose tolerance lost 9.1+/-3.7 kg of fat (18+/-3 percent decrease in total fat, P=0.002), and those with type 2 diabetes lost 10.5+/-3.3 kg of fat (19+/-2 percent decrease in total fat, P<0.001). Liposuction did not significantly alter the insulin sensitivity of muscle, liver, or adipose tissue (assessed by the stimulation of glucose disposal, the suppression of glucose production, and the suppression of lipolysis, respectively); did not significantly alter plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and adiponectin; and did not significantly affect other risk factors for coronary heart disease (blood pressure and plasma glucose, insulin, and lipid concentrations) in either group.Abdominal liposuction does not significantly improve obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities. Decreasing adipose tissue mass alone will not achieve the metabolic benefits of weight loss.
Longterm follow up of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt (TIPSS) for the treatment of portal hypertension: results in 130 patients.
Authors: A J Stanley, R Jalan, E H Forrest, D N Redhead, P C Hayes
Journal: Gut (1996)

BACKGROUND: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunts (TIPSS) are increasingly being used to manage the complications of portal hypertension. This study reports on the follow up on 130 patients who have undergone TIPSS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and thirty patients (81 male), mean (SD) age 54.7 (12.5) years underwent TIPSS. The majority (64.6%) had alcoholic cirrhosis and 53.2% had Childs C disease. Indications were: variceal haemorrhage (76.2%), refractory ascites (13.1%), portal hypertensive gastropathy (4.6%), others (6.1%). Shunt function was assessed by Doppler ultrasonography and two then six monthly portography and mean follow up for survivors was 18.0 months (range 2-43.5). RESULTS: The procedure was successful in 119 (91.5%). Sixty three episodes of shunt dysfunction were observed in 45 (37.8%) patients. Variceal rebleeding occurred in 16 (13.4%) patients and was always associated with shunt dysfunction. Twenty (16.8%) patients had new or worse spontaneous encephalopathy after TIPSS and 11 (64.7%) patients had an improvement in resistant ascites. Thirty day mortality was 21.8% and one year survival 62.5%. CONCLUSION: TIPSS is an effective treatment for variceal bleeding, resistant ascites, and portal hypertensive gastropathy. Rebleeding is invariably associated with shunt dysfunction, the frequency of which increases with time, therefore regular and longterm shunt surveillance is required.
Thrombocytopenia in a large, international trial of the GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor eptitibatide in patients with acute coronary syndromes
Authors: M. McClure, N.S. Kleiman, L.G. Berdan, R. Sparapani, E.J. Topol, R. Diaz, R.M. Califf, D. Gretler, K.R. Karsch, R.A. Harrington
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Deep venous thrombosis: a continuing problem.
Authors: J. H. Scurr, P. D. Coleridge-Smith, J. H. Hasty
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The incidence of deep vein thrombosis after major operations in patients over the age of 40 approaches 30% if no prophylactic measures are used.'Many patients discharged from hospital are still at risk at home and the question arises whether prophylaxis should be continued after patients have been discharged.To try to answer this question we followed up patients, most of whom received prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis during their stay in hospital, for up to six weeks after their discharge from hospital.