tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Managing Bedside Glucose Testing in the Hospital
Authors: Richard Belsey
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The scope and magnitude of bedside testing by personnel without formal laboratory training have recently increased. There has been some question about the reliability of bedside test results produced by nurses, physicians, and other ward staff that are used in clinical decisions. Glucose testing is currently the most widely performed bedside test. Because of the likelihood that the use of bedside testing will increase in the future, this article discusses various issues concerning bedside glucose analysis, including the scope of such testing, staff responsibilities, training and supervision, testing frequency, work flow and result reporting, and the reliability of bedside glucose results, in three institutions. We also suggest an approach to bedside testing quality management. (<i>JAMA</i>1987;258:1634-1638)
Preserved extracellular matrix components and retained biological activity in decellularized porcine mesothelium
Authors: David M. Hoganson, Gwen E. Owens, Elisabeth M. O’Doherty, Chris M. Bowley, Scott M. Goldman, Dina O. Harilal, Craig M. Neville, Russell T. Kronengold, Joseph P. Vacanti
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Antibodies to conformational epitopes of soluble liver antigen define a severe form of autoimmune liver disease
Authors: Yun Ma, Manabu Okamoto, Mark G. Thomas, Dimitrios P. Bogdanos, Agnel R. Lopes, Bernard Portmann, James Underhill, Ralf Dürr, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, Diego Vergani
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Prevalence and clinical relevance of antibodies to soluble liver antigen (tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA) in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) have been investigated using partially purified or prokaryotically expressed antigen. The aim of this study was to improve the detection of anti-tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA by establishing an immunoassay that was able to identify antibodies directed to conformational epitopes and to investigate the clinical implication of this autoantibody in autoimmune liver disease. By using eukaryotically expressed tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA as target in a radioligand assay (RLA), 81 patients with autoimmune liver disease (AILD) (33 type 1 AIH, 31 type 2 AIH, and 17 autoimmune sclerosing cholantitis [ASC]), 147 pathologic, and 56 healthy controls were investigated. RLA results were compared with those obtained using a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoblot. Reactivity to tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA was present in 58% of patients with type 1 and type 2 AIH, 41% with ASC, but in only 3 pathologic controls. RLA was similarly disease-specific but remarkably more sensitive than ELISA and immunoblot. A prospective study showed that anti-tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA-positive patients run a severe clinical course, having worse histology, needing longer to achieve remission, relapsing and requiring liver transplantation or dying more frequently than anti-tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA negative patients. Anti-tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA production was favored by the possession of DR3 and A1-B8-DR3 in AIH type 1 and ASC, and prevented by the possession of A2 in all 3 types of AILD, particularly in type 2 AIH. In conclusion, anticonformational tRNP (Ser)Sec /SLA reactivity is frequent in type 1 and type 2 AIH and ASC, defining patients with a worse prognosis.
Doctor is found guilty of exploiting "desperate" MS patients
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

A Dutch doctor practising in London who sent patients with multiple sclerosis from Britain to his Rotterdam clinic for controversial stem cell injections has been found guilty by the General Medical Council of exploiting “desperate” vulnerable patients but was cleared of dishonesty.

Robert Trossel, who practised from Wimpole Street in central London, abused his position as a doctor, gave treatment that was unjustified by the scientific or clinical medical evidence, and failed to obtain informed consent, the UK regulator held.

Dr Trossel was suspended from practice by the GMC after a BBC Newsnight expose of unregulated stem …
A regurgitant jet and echocardiographic abnormalities in aortic regurgitation: an experimental study.
Authors: S Nakao, H Tanaka, M Tahara, H Yoshimura, S Sakurai, C Tei, T Kashima
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Acute aortic regurgitation was created experimentally in 21 mongrel dogs to examine the relationship of the regurgitant jet to observed echocardiographic findings. The direction of the regurgitant jet was studied by echo contrast injections in the aortic root. Diastolic fluttering of the anterior mitral leaflet (AML) was noted in all 21 dogs irrespective of direction of the jet. Diastolic fluttering of the interventricular septum (IVS) was noted in six of the seven dogs with a tear of the noncoronary cusp and in one of seven dogs with lesions in the left coronary cusp. In all seven dogs with echocardiographically demonstrated IVS fluttering, a regurgitant jet impinged on the anterior part of the IVS. Amplitude of the AML excursion was not significantly different from control when the lesions involved the noncoronary or the left coronary cusps. However, all seven dogs that had a lesion in the right coronary cusp demonstrated a significant reduction in the amplitude of the AML excursion. The regurgitant jet in these dogs impinged uniformly on the AML. We conclude that diastolic fluttering of the AML is uniformly observed and unrelated to the direction of the regurgitant jet, diastolic fluttering of the IVS is caused by the regurgitant jet impinging upon the IVS, and amplitude of the AML may be reduced as a result of a jet impingement of the AML.
A Phase IIb, randomized, multicenter study of the efficacy of GVAX pancreas vaccine and CRS-207 compared to chemotherapy or to CRS-207 alone in adults with previously-treated metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (eclipse study)
Authors: Andrea Wang-Gillam, Vincent Picozzi, Todd Crocenzi, Michael Morse, Herbert Zeh, Robert Fine, Aimee Murphy, Justin Skoble, Edward Lemmens, Sandy Ferber, Allan Rosen, John Grous, Thomas W Dubensky, Dirk Brockstedt, Elizabeth Jaffee, Dung Le
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts A heterologous prime-boost vaccination strategy using GVAX pancreas vaccine and CRS-207 is showing promise in patients with metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA). GVAX is composed of lethally-irradiated, allogeneic pancreatic cancer cells modified to express GM-CSF and
Prevention of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases in high risk social networks of young Roma (Gypsy) men in Bulgaria: randomised controlled trial
Authors: Jeffrey A Kelly, Yuri A Amirkhanian, Elena Kabakchieva, Sylvia Vassileva, Boyan Vassilev, Timothy L McAuliffe, Wayne J DiFranceisco, Radostina Antonova, Elena Petrova, Roman A Khoursine, Borislav Dimitrov
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Presynaptic Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels are inhibited by neurotransmitters acting through G protein-coupled receptors via a membrane-delimited pathway. Inhibition is reversed by strong depolarization, resulting in prepulse facilitation. Activated G protein βγ subunits (Gβγ) are required for maximal prepulse facilitation. Gβγ binds to multiple sites on Ca<sub>v</sub>2.1, Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2, and Ca<sub>v</sub>2.3 α1 subunits. Here we examine the functional relevance of a C-terminal binding site for Gβγ on Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2b channels, which mediate N-type Ca<sup>2+</sup> currents. In vitro binding studies showed that Gβγ subunits bind to the intracellular loop connecting domains I and II and the C-terminal domain of Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2b but not the intracellular loops connecting domains II and III or III and IV. Deletion analysis revealed that the binding site is located near the C terminus, within amino acid residues 2257 to 2336. Directed yeast two-hybrid analysis confirmed this specific binding interaction in vivo in yeast cells. Ca<sub>v</sub>2.2b channels with this site deleted had normal function properties, and they were inhibited essentially normally by strong activation of G proteins with guanosine 5′-3-<i>O</i>-(thio)triphosphate (GTPγS) and were facilitated nearly normally by depolarizing prepulses. Similarly deletion of this site had small, statistically insignificant effects on inhibition of Ca<sup>2+</sup> current and on prepulse facilitation in the presence of somatostatin to stimulate receptor-mediated activation of G proteins. In contrast, deletion of the C-terminal Gβγ site substantially reduced the low level of intrinsic prepulse facilitation present at the basal level of G protein activation in tsA-201 cells. Thus, this C-terminal Gβγ binding site contributes to the affinity or efficacy of Gβγ regulation at basal levels of G protein activation. The simplest interpretation of our results is that the C-terminal binding site increases the affinity of Gβγ for the channel but is not required for Gβγ action. C-terminal binding of Gβγ may influence the physiological responsiveness of Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels to low-level G protein activation.
New European Union regulation of clinical trials is conflicting on deferred consent in emergency situations
Authors: C. Gamble, K. Woolfall, P. Williamson, R. Appleton, B. Young
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Further to the deficiencies outlined,1 the proposed EU regulation will again stop research into emergency care.

The European Clinical Trials Directive made no provision for consent in emergency situations, forcing member states to operate at variance with the directive or to accept restriction in emergency care research.

The proposed regulation incorporates deferred consent procedures that allow trial information to …
Investigation of gastroesophageal reflux in various positions with a two-lumen pH electrode
Authors: F. G. Pattrick
Journal: Gut (1970)

Normal people without symptoms of reflux do in fact reflux small quantities of acid into the oesophagus when either standing or sitting, but do not reflux acid when they are sleeping lying flat. This ;physiological' incompetence in the upright position is not of great importance in that the oesophagus is able to, and consistently does, deal with small concentrations of refluxed acid material. The oesophageal measurements of pH have a limited use as a diagnostic measure and may indicate acid reflux in the relaxed person not demonstrated by radiology.
A multicenter prospective phase 2 randomized study of extracorporeal photopheresis for treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Mary E. D. Flowers, Jane F. Apperley, Koen van Besien, Ahmet Elmaagacli, Andrew Grigg, Vijay Reddy, Andrea Bacigalupo, Hans-Jochem Kolb, Luis Bouzas, Mauricette Michallet, H. Miles Prince, Robert Knobler, Dennis Parenti, Jose Gallo, Hildegard T. Greinix
Journal: Blood (2008)
COMPARISON OF SESTAMIBI SCINTIMAMMOGRAPHY RESULTS WITH IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ASSESSMENT OF TUMOR VASCULARITY
Authors: J. A. Cutrone, L. S. Yospur, A. Devito, L. Diggles, S. Lin, F. Mishkin, I. Khalkhali
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

Cutrone, J. A.; Yospur, L. S.; Devito, A.; Diggles, L.; Lin, S.; Mishkin, F.; Khalkhali, I. Author Information
Coal and the lung
Authors: P. Oldham
Journal: Thorax (1984)

The Research Committee of the British Thoracic Association conducted a confidential inquiry into death from asthma in adults aged 15-64 years resident in the West Midland and Mersey Regions during 1979. Death certificates recording the word asthma were received for 153 persons. The International Classification of Diseases code for the cause of death was obtained from the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys. Information about the patients, their illness, and their death was obtained by interviews, questionnaires, and inspection of patients9 records. A panel of three physicians assisted by a pathologist assessed the clinical and, where applicable, the necropsy findings to ascertain whether bronchial asthma was the true cause of death. Of 147 assessable patients, 89 were considered by the panel to have died from asthma. In 77 of these cases the death certificates were correctly coded, whereas in 12 (13%) death was considered to have been wrongly attributed to another cause (falsely negative). Twenty four deaths on the other hand were considered to have been wrongly attributed to asthma (falsely positive). From this it appears that the total number of 101 certificates recording death from asthma represents a net overestimate of 13%. Accuracy was highest in the youngest age group. There were few discrepancies between the assessment of the panel and certified cause of death when a necropsy had been performed. The most common error (17% of all certificates) was failure to follow the procedure advised for completion of death certificates. This usually occurred when patients suffered from two or more conditions, or when death was sudden and necropsy was not performed.
ACQUIRED STRICTURE OF THE LOWER END OF THE URETER
Authors: ROBERT H. HERBST
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Strictures of the ureter may be due to causes that are either congenital or acquired. Acquired strictures of the ureter may be classified into those due to (1) trauma resulting from gunshot and stab wounds, postoperative conditions, labor, and passage of calculi; (2) inflammatory strictures, the result of infection. These inflammatory strictures may be classified into, (<i>a</i>) those that are the result of direct extension from periurethral infections, (<i>b</i>) those in which the infection has either ascended along the mucosa from the bladder, or has descended from the kidney, and (<i>c</i>) those resulting from focal infections. Strictures due to tuberculosis will not be considered in this discussion. Hunner,<sup>1</sup>in his excellent report of "One Hundred Cases of Ureteral Stricture," believes that focal infections play an important rôle in the etiology of ureteral strictures. He states that he is firmly convinced that "The majority of ureteral strictures, excluding those of
Activation of Delta Opioid Receptors Induces Receptor Insertion and Neuropeptide Secretion
Authors: Lan Bao, Shan-Xue Jin, Chen Zhang, Li-Hua Wang, Zhen-Zhong Xu, Fang-Xiong Zhang, Lie-Chen Wang, Feng-Shou Ning, Hai-Jiang Cai, Ji-Song Guan, Hua-Sheng Xiao, Zhi-Qing D. Xu, Cheng He, Tomas Hökfelt, Zhuan Zhou, Xu Zhang
Journal: Neuron (2003)
Training for General Practice
Authors: D. Hamilton
Journal: BMJ (1950)

Aim: to discuss the rationale of the management of penile MALT lymphoma. Case Report: A 24-year-old patient presented with a painless and mobile nodule localized in the ventral part of the penis. The lesion was firstly evaluated through Doppler ultrasonography, which showed a hypoechoic and vascularized solid mass, a subsequent magnetic resonance confirmed size and position of the lesion. Subsequetly the patient underwent a surgical excision of the mass, the pathological diagnosis was consistent with penile lymphoma, MALT-type. The patient underwent a consolidative immunotherapy with rituximab. Disease re-staging was performed through a MR without any detection of local or systemic recurrences. Conclusion: To our knowledge, no cases of MALT lymphoma involving the penis have been reported in the literature so far. Surgical excision with organ sparing and immunotherapy with rituximab, successfully induced a complete response. Based upon this experience, we may recommend a conservative surgery associated with a systemic approach
Models of preference reversals and personal rules: Do they require maximizing a utility function with a specific structure?
Authors: Horacio Arló-Costa
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

One of the reasons for adopting hyperbolic discounting is to explain preference reversals. Another is that this value structure suggests an elegant theory of the will. I examine the capacity of the theory to solve Newcomb's problem. In addition, I compare Ainslie's account with other procedural theories of choice that seem at least equally capable of accommodating reversals of preference.
Genetic Alterations in the Tyrosine Kinase Transcriptome of Human Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Jens E. Ruhe, Sylvia Streit, Stefan Hart, Chee-Hong Wong, Katja Specht, Pjotr Knyazev, Tatjana Knyazeva, Liang Seah Tay, Hooi Linn Loo, Priscilla Foo, Winnie Wong, Sharon Pok, Shu Jing Lim, Huimin Ong, Ming Luo, Han Kiat Ho, Kaitian Peng, Tze Chuen Lee, Martin Bezler, Christian Mann, Silvia Gaertner, Heinz Hoefler, Stefano Iacobelli, Stephan Peter, Alice Tay, Sydney Brenner, Byrappa Venkatesh, Axel Ullrich
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) play a critical role in the manifestation of cancer cell properties, and respective signaling mechanisms have been studied extensively on immortalized tumor cells. To characterize and analyze commonly used cancer cell lines with regard to variations in the primary structure of all expressed PTKs, we conducted a cDNA-based sequence analysis of the entire tyrosine kinase transcriptome of 254 established tumor cell lines. The profiles of cell line intrinsic PTK transcript alterations and the evaluation of 155 identified polymorphisms and 234 somatic mutations are made available in a database designated “Tykiva” (tyrosine kinome variant). Tissue distribution analysis and/or the localization within defined protein domains indicate functional relevance of several genetic alterations. The cysteine replacement of the highly conserved Y367 residue in fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 or the Q26X nonsense mutation in the tumor-suppressor kinase CSK are examples, and may contribute to cell line–specific signaling characteristics and tumor progression. Moreover, known variants, such as epidermal growth factor receptor G719S, that were shown to mediate anticancer drug sensitivity could be detected in other than the previously reported tumor types. Our data therefore provide extensive system information for the design and interpretation of cell line–based cancer research, and may stimulate further investigations into broader clinical applications of current cancer therapeutics. [Cancer Res 2007;67(23):11368–76]
Cases simulating Disease of the Liver
Authors: A. Knox
Journal: BMJ (1850)

Mrs. H., the wife of an officer in a dragoon regiment, had suffered much from bad health, and had, on several occasions, been under my care for severe and occasionally dangerous attacks of bronchitis.From change of residence and other circumstances, she had ceased to be a patient of mine; but on one occasion, being in Dublin, I was requested to visit her at Kingston, where she had been long confined to bed, by disease which was considered, in consultation, to arise from an affection of the liver.Her case, as I was informed, was considered hopeless, and her death was looked for as an impending event.She was certainly labouring under extreme debility, but not, in my opinion, affected with any symp- toms denoting speedy dissolution.On careful examination, I ascer- tained that there were considerable abdominal swelling and partial obstruction of the bowels, and the diagnosis arrived at, on careful con- sideration, was to the effect, that the hepatic symptoms, which were evident enough, were not owing to any organic affection, or incurable disease of the liver, but symptomatic of the pressure and irritation of that viscus by some intestinal concretions, of the existence of which I fully satisfied myself.Being merely consulted as a friend, I did not, of course, interfere with the treatment, which appeared to be perfectly appropriate; but she was led to hope that her case was not, by any means, to be despaired of, and that if the intestinal obstructions were got rid of, there were good grounds to expect her ultimate recovery.She was, as I subsequently learned, ill for a considerable time, and a large Intestinal Concretion, the composition of which I could not ascertain, was at length expelled from the rectum, when perfect recovery took
Successful laser lithotripsy using peroral SpyGlass cholangioscopy in a patient with Mirizzi syndrome
Authors: H. Issa, B. Bseiso, A. Al-Salem
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Mirrizi syndrome is a rare cause of obstructive jaundice. Open surgery is the usual treatment, but laparoscopy has also been advocated, and in order to avoid bile duct injuries, subtotal cholecystectomy and/or leaving a long cystic duct has gained popularity [1] [2] [3]. A retained cystic duct stone (CDS) is seen in 16 % of patients with postcholecystectomy syndrome; several modalities of treatment have been suggested but are more valuable for retained common bile duct stones (CBDS), because CBDS are accessible [4]. Retained CDSs, as in Mirrizi syndrome, are not easily accessible. This report describes the successful treatment of a difficult retained CDS in a patient with Mirrizi syndrome type 1, using a peroral SpyGlass (Boston Scientific, Massachusetts, USA) and intraductal laser lithotripter.
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and peptide histidine methionine (PHM) in human eccrine sweat glands: demonstration of innervation, specific binding sites and presence in secretions
Authors: D.J. EEDY, C. SHAW, E.P. ARMSTRONG, C.F. JOHNSTON, K.D. BUCHANAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and peptide histidine methionine (PHM) immunoreactivities have been detected in alcohol extracts of human axillary skin using sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays. VIP immunoreactivity (7.63+2.33 pmol/g, x+SE, n=9) was more abundant than PHM immunoreactivity (3.86+0.56 pmol/g, x+SE, n=9). Immunocytochemistry of sections of skin revealed a network of VIP/PHM immunoreactive nerve fibres around the perimeter of eccrine but not apocrine sweat glands. In vitro autoradiography of skin sections using 125I‐labelled VIP and PHM, demonstrated binding sites on the membranes of eccrine gland secretory cells. The binding of each radiolabelled ligand was eliminated by the presence of a large molar excess of appropriate cold peptide but was unaffected when incubated with related peptide, indicating the presence of specific binding sites for both VIP and PHM. Radioimmunoassay of Sep‐pak concentrated human sweat identified the presence of both VIP immunoreactivity (30.6 pmol/1) and PHM immunoreactivity (43.4 pmol/1). Reverse‐phase HPLC analysis of axillary skin extracts and sweat, followed by radioimmunoassay of fractions, identified single resolved peaks of VIP and PHM immunoreactivity with identical retention times to synthetic standards. Eccrine sweat glands in human axillary skin have VIP and PHM peptidergic innervation and possess specific binding sites for each peptide which are both secreted to the surface of the skin.
The Ghost of Dr. Said
Authors: C. M. Callahan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

On Being a Doctor1 January 1994The Ghost of Dr. SaidC. M. Callahan, MDC. M. Callahan, MDIndiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-1-199401010-00013 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail I guess you would call it a nervous tic because it didn't seem to serve any useful purpose. From analyzing the rhythm of the movement, I can tell you that she had repeated it thousands of times. From head to toe she was fat and droopy in a cozy kind of way. She had the sort of lap that a kid or a cat would just naturally nestle into and fall asleep. Every few minutes she would flex her right elbow and, with a hooked right index finger, brush aside the collar of her blouse, snare her right bra strap, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: C. M. Callahan, MDAffiliations: Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 1Page: 80-81KeywordsAntibioticsAspirinBoneBreathingChartsFatsHeartPneumoniaShouldersSpine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...