tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18296: A Murine Model of Diet-Induced Insulin Resistance and Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Antonio Sta. Teresa, Jinkyu Kim, Tomasz Wietecha, Kelly Hudkins-Loya, Charles E Alpers, Kevin D O'Brien
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Diabetes is associated with a 2- to 3-fold ↑ in risk for congestive heart failure (CHF), due primarily to cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. We recently have shown that leptin-deficient, female BTBR mice (BTBR ob/ob ) develop cardiomyopathy, with a 24-25% ↑ in heart weight and a 5-fold ↑ in fibrosis. We investigated whether the cardiomyopathy phenotype might be replicated with diet-induced obesity in wild-type, BTBR mice. Methods: At 4 weeks of age, male and female BTBR mice (n=7-8/group) were placed on one of three diets: 1) standard rodent chow (“Chow”), 2) a “diabetogenic” diet, with 58% of calories from fat and 14% of calories from sucrose (“DD”), or 3) the “diabetogenic” diet with 0.15% cholesterol added (“DDC”). Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed at 8 and 16 weeks on diets. Mice were sacrificed after 16 weeks on diets for determination of heart weights and fibrosis. Results: By 8 weeks on DD or DDC, both female and male BTBR mice had normal fasting glucose, but glucose tolerance (as judged by area under the glucose excursion curve) was significantly impaired vs. Chow-fed controls. Prior to sacrifice at 16 weeks, as compared to Chow, mice on DD or DDC had similar blood pressures and fasting glucose levels. However, necropsy heart weights were 17-18% higher (P&lt;0.01 vs. Chow for both DD and DDC for both genders). In addition, Masson's trichrome stain demonstrated significant increases in fibrosis vs. Chow for BTBR mice fed either DD (P=0.015) or DDC (P=0.029). Conclusions: Thus, in both genders, 16 weeks feeding of high-fat, high-sucrose diets to wild-type BTBR mice results in a 2-fold ↑ in fibrosis, and achieves &gt;60% of the cardiac hypertrophy seen in BTBR ob/ob females by age 16 weeks. These findings suggest that diabetogenic diet feeding in BTBR mice may represent an efficient model for studying the pathogenic mechanisms underlying cardiomyopathy in insulin resistance and diabetes.
Weekly VAPEC-B chemotherapy for high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: Results of treatment in 184 patients
Authors: J.A. Radford, J.S. Whelan, A.Z.S. Rohatiner, D. Deakin, M. Harris, A.G. Stansfeld, R. Swindell, P.M. Wilkinson, R.D. James, T.A. Lister, D. Crowther
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1994)
Devices for low flow O2 administration
Authors: AG Stewart, P Howard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

Long-term oxygen therapy requires a practical regulated oxygen delivery system which works in the home. Although face-masks are cheap and efficient, they are awkward and need removal for talking and eating. Few patients would comply with this for 15 h her day. Nasal prongs are reliable, cheap, safe and well tolerated but are wasteful of oxygen. This waste is important both practically and financially when oxygen is supplied from portable or large cylinders or from a liquid source. The Oxymizer pendants and moustache or inspiration phased delivery devices improve nasal prong efficiency. Nasopharyngeal catheters are an alternative but more invasive means of oxygen conservation. Percutaneous transtracheal catheterization is both oxygen efficient and cosmetically acceptable. As it requires an invasive surgical procedure with some serious potential complications its use should probably be reserved for those patients in whom adequate oxygenation is not achieved by standard nasal prongs. Its use is rarely justified on merely cosmetic grounds. Permanent tracheostomy is not indicated in most cases of hypoxic chronic obstructive airways disease (COAD). Nasal prongs would seem the most reasonable method of oxygen delivery. Their use with oxygen concentrators lessens the need for oxygen conservation.
Multislice CT angiography and pulmonary involvement in asymptomatic systemic lupus patients with antiphospholipid syndrome
Authors: Amany Abou Zeid, Tamer Giehta, Hussien El Fishawy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objective:  To detect the pulmonary involvement in asymptomatic secondary APS patients by pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and chest HRCT angiography and comparing the pulmonary findings to those of asymptomatic SLE patients without APS.   Patients and methods:  Thirty-four SLE patients with APS and another 34 SLE patients without APS and with a negative ACL test were included as control. All patients were asymptomatic for any pulmonary manifestations. Plain chest x-ray, HRCT angiography and PFTs were performed for all patients in an attempt to assess the pulmonary vasculature and lung parenchyma. Disease activity was assessed using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) while assessment of organ damage was made using the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/ACR (SLICC/ACR) index.   Results:  There were abnormal pulmonary CT findings in 11 (32.35%) of the asymptomatic secondary APS patients with an obvious association to lupus anticoagulants. However, plain x-ray showed basal atelectasis and/or elevation of the copulae in 4 patients. Pulmonary abnormalities included a high frequency of pulmonary artery aneurysms (20.59%) thrombosis, basal atelectasis, embolism, bronchiectasis, pleural effusion and thickening. The SLEDAI and SLICC were significantly higher in APS patients.The PFTs including FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC were reduced in APS patients compared to SLE only patients.   Conclusion:  HRCT pulmonary angiography is useful in demonstrating the entire thoracic spectrum in asymptomatic APS patients. PFTs is reduced in SLE patients with APS compared to SLE patients only.
The impact of diurnal variations, atopy, pollen exposure and pharmacotherapy on exhaled nitric oxide levels
Authors: Alica Bencova, Martina Antosova, Eva Rozborilova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objectives and aims: The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of diurnal variations in healthy subjects and impact of atopy, pollen exposure and pharmacological treatment on exhaled nitric oxide levels (eNO) in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).   Methods:  eNO levels were measured using analyzer NIOX. Measurements of eNO were performed in 81 nonasthmatics with seasonal AR outside and during the pollen season, before and 3 weeks after treatment and in 52 healthy controls in 4-hour intervals.   Results:  Diurnal variations of eNO in healthy individuals were not confirmed. Patients with AR had significantly higher levels of eNO than healthy controls not depending on pollen season or pharmacotherapy. Increased eNO levels (p   Conclusion:  This study has shown that patients with AR have significantly higher levels of eNO compared to healthy subjects and the levels of eNO increasing after pollen exposure. Application of topic corticosteroids and antihistamines caused significant decrease of eNO (almost to the starting levels) in the pollen season and depressed suspicious inflammation in the lower airways.  Support: VEGA 1/0055/08, Grant MZ 2007/46 UK 11
Politicians must stop using NHS as "commodity" to win votes, say GPs
Authors: A. Rimmer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Politicians must stop using the NHS as a “commodity” to win votes, and political interference in NHS structures must end, GPs have said.

Delegates at the BMA’s conference of local medical committees in London on Thursday 21 May voted in favour of a motion urging the government to stop “using patients and the NHS as a commodity to win votes.” It also called on the health secretary for England to “celebrate publicly at every opportunity the amazing work …
Purging of Autologous Peripheral-Blood Stem Cells Using CD34 Selection Does Not Improve Overall or Progression-Free Survival After High-Dose Chemotherapy for Multiple Myeloma: Results of a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: A. Keith Stewart, Robert Vescio, Gary Schiller, Oscar Ballester, Stephen Noga, Hope Rugo, Cesar Freytes, Edward Stadtmauer, Stefano Tarantolo, Firoozeh Sahebi, Pat Stiff, Jacinta Meharchard, Robert Schlossman, Randy Brown, Heather Tully, Mark Benyunes, Cindy Jacobs, Ronald Berenson, Michael White, John DiPersio, Kenneth C. Anderson, James Berenson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Although high-dose chemotherapy supported by autologous peripheral-blood progenitor-cell (PBPC) transplantation improves response rates and survival for patients with multiple myeloma, all patients eventually develop progressive disease after transplantation. It has been hypothesized that depletion of malignant plasma cells from autografts may improve outcome by reducing infused cells contributing to relapse.A randomized phase III study using the CEPRATE SC System (Cellpro, Bothell, WA) to enrich CD34(+) autograft cells and passively purge malignant plasma cells was completed in 190 myeloma patients randomized to receive an autograft of CD34-selected or unselected PBPCs.After CD34 selection, tumor burden was reduced by 1.6 to 6.0 logs (median, 3.1), with 54% of CD34-enriched products having no detectable tumor. Median time to count recovery, number of transfusions, transplantation-related mortality, and days in hospital were equivalent between the two transplantation arms. With a median follow-up of 37 months, 33 patients (36%) in the selected and 34 patients (35%) in the unselected arm had died (P =.784). Median overall survival in the selected arm was reached at 50 months and is not reached at this time in the unselected arm (P =.78). Median disease-free survival was 100 versus 104 weeks (P =.82), with 67% of patients in the selected arm and 66% of patients in the unselected arm relapsing.This phase III trial demonstrates that although CD34 selection significantly reduces myeloma cell contamination in PBPC collections, no improvement in disease-free or overall survival was achieved.
A novel DPP-4 inhibitor teneligliptin scavenges hydroxyl radicals: In vitro study evaluated by electron spin resonance spectroscopy and in vivo study using DPP-4 deficient rats
Authors: Shinichiro Kimura, Toyoshi Inoguchi, Toshihide Yamasaki, Mayumi Yamato, Makoto Ide, Noriyuki Sonoda, Kenichi Yamada, Ryoichi Takayanagi
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
Mucin Histochemistry by Paradoxical Concanavalin A Staining in Experimental Gastric Cancers Induced in Wistar Rats by &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Methyl-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;′-nitro-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-nitrosoguanidine or 4-Nitroquinoline 1-Oxide&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Masae Tatematsu, Tsutomu Katsuyama, Shoji Fukushima, Michihito Takahashi, Tomoyuki Shirai, Nobuyuki Ito, Tsuyoshi Nasu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1980)

The histochemistry of mucin in experimental gastric cancers Induced in noninbred Wistar rats by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) or 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) was analyzed by various techniques including modifications of the concanavalin A-horseradish peroxidase method (paradoxical concanavalin A staining) and high-iron diamine-Alcian blue (pH 2.5) staining. In the digestive tracts of rats of the control group, mucins were found as neutral class II mucins in superficial mucous cells, sialated and/or sulfated class II mucins in foveola surface mucous cells and in goblet cells, neutral class III mucins in mucous neck cells and in Brunner's gland cells, and sialated and/or sulfated class III mucins in cardiac gland cells and in pyloric gland cells. In noncancerous epithelium of the digestive tracts of rats treated with MNNG or 4-NQO, the reactivities of class II and class III mucins in these cells were normal, but the acidities of the different classes of mucin were increased or decreased. Intestinal metaplasia was rarely found in pyloric mucosae of control rats or rats treated with MNNG or 4-NQO. Well-differentiated adenocarcinomas consisted of a mixture of the following four types of cancer cells: surface mucous cells with sulfated and/or sialated class II mucins, pyloric gland cells with sialated and/or sulfated class III mucins, goblet cells with sulfated class II mucins, and Intestinal absorptive cells with a striated cell border. Occasionally, tumor cells of all types were present in the same tubule. Signet-ring cell carcinomas, mucinous adenocarcinomas, and poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas also consisted of cells containing sulfated and/or sialated class II mucins or sialated and/or sulfated class III mucins.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery versus surgery alone for oesophageal or junctional cancer (CROSS): long-term results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Joel Shapiro, J Jan B van Lanschot, Maarten C C M Hulshof, Pieter van Hagen, Mark I van Berge Henegouwen, Bas P L Wijnhoven, Hanneke W M van Laarhoven, Grard A P Nieuwenhuijzen, Geke A P Hospers, Johannes J Bonenkamp, Miguel A Cuesta, Reinoud J B Blaisse, Olivier R C Busch, Fiebo J W ten Kate, Geert-Jan M Creemers, Cornelis J A Punt, John Th M Plukker, Henk M W Verheul, Ernst J Spillenaar Bilgen, Herman van Dekken, Maurice J C van der Sangen, Tom Rozema, Katharina Biermann, Jannet C Beukema, Anna H M Piet, Caroline M van Rij, Janny G Reinders, Hugo W Tilanus, Ewout W Steyerberg, Ate van der Gaast
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
Coronary Artery Disease--I
Authors: A. R. Gilchrist
Journal: BMJ (1951)

Sooner or later the hearts of most adults are affected by arteriosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries; for- tunately, in only a minority are the obliterative changes so advanced as to impair seriously the myocardial blood supply and thus give rise to symptoms.Myocardial ischaemia may be circumscribed or diffuse, temporary or permanent, acute or gradual in onset, depending on a number of factors.Hence, when blood flow is disturbed by obliterative disease in the coronary tree a variety of overlapping syndromes may result.
Tumors Induced in Mice by N -Methyl- N -formylhydrazine of the False Morel Gyromitra esculenta
Authors: Bela Toth, Donald Nagel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article Tumors Induced in Mice by N-Methyl-N-formylhydrazine of the False Morel Gyromitra esculenta Get access Bela Toth, Bela Toth 2The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42d St. and Dewey Ave., Omaha, Nebr. 68105. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Donald Nagel Donald Nagel 2The Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, 42d St. and Dewey Ave., Omaha, Nebr. 68105. 3We thank Dr. Kashinath Patil of this Institute for the statistical analysis and Mrs. Connie Anderson for the technical assistance. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 1, January 1978, Pages 201–204, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.1.201 Published: 01 January 1978 Article history Received: 05 May 1977 Accepted: 29 July 1977 Published: 01 January 1978
Coping strategies in patients awaiting lung transplantation
Authors: Torunn Stavnes Soyseth, May Britt Lund, Oystein Bjortuft, Vidar Soyseth, Aasta Heldal, Gro Killi Haugstad
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction:  Living with severe lung disease is a stressful situation. Constraint coping strategies may constitute an additional burden. We aimed to describe coping strategies in patients awaiting lung transplantation   Material and method:  A national cohort of 121 consecutive patients was screened by psychometric questionnaires as part of the work-up for lung transplantation during the period 2006-2010. 86 of the patients scored the Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) (Lazarus and Folkman 1988).WCQ measures 8 different Coping Scales each reflecting emotionally-focused or problem-focused strategies. The patients comprised 72 (34 females) with COPD and 14 (6 females) with pulmonary fibrosis. Mean (SD) age was respectively 56 (4.9) and 53 (5.3) years. Patients with cystic fibrosis were excluded.  Data were analyzed according to the Manual developed for WCQ distributed by Mind Garden, Inc (Folkman and Lazarus 1988) (1). High score indicates use of coping strategy. Reference values are empirically constructed (1).   Conclusion:  The patients had higher scores in emotionally-focused coping strategies than healthy references. This may be of clinical importance when it comes to understanding how patients deal with postoperative challenges.
The Acinar Pattern in the Mammary Glands of Virgin Mice at Different Ages&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Flavia L. Richardson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

The left third gland of each virgin mouse 6 months old was removed by biopsy and stained to compare with the right third gland removed later after the animal was killed. The purpose of the experiment was to see if there were differences in the architecture of the glands at different ages. The mice used were strain C3HeB/FeJ, (C3HeB/FeJ × RIII/J)F1 hybrids, strain RIII/AnJ, and (C3H/J × RIII/AnJ)F1 hybrids. For comparison, the arrangement of acini along the ducts was arbitrarily graded from 1, indicating many single acini, to 4, indicating profuse acinar development. None of the glands were composed of an almost naked duct system. The largest group consisted of 230 (C3HeB × RIII/J)F1 hybrids. About 20 of these hybrids from 7–20 months of age were killed each month. Fifty percent of the right third glands, removed at autopsy, showed the same degree of acinar development as the left third gland showed at 6 months of age; 26% revealed an increase in acini and 24% a decrease. The RIII/An virgins and F1 hybrids of C3H and RIII/An mice were not killed until they developed mammary tumors. There was not much correlation between the degree of acinar development of the mammary glands at autopsy and the age when the tumors occurred. This may have been due partly to the fact that the number of acini in the glands may increase or decrease as the animal grows older.
SRC-3 Is Required for Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation and Survival
Authors: Hai-Jun Zhou, Jun Yan, Weiping Luo, Gustavo Ayala, Sue-Hwa Lin, Halime Erdem, Michael Ittmann, Sophia Y. Tsai, Ming-Jer Tsai
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men in America. Currently, steroid receptor coactivators have been proposed to mediate the development and progression of prostate cancer, at times in a steroid-independent manner. Steroid receptor coactivator-3 (SRC-3, p/CIP, AIB1, ACTR, RAC3, and TRAM-1) is a member of the p160 family of coactivators for nuclear hormone receptors including the androgen receptor. SRC-3 is frequently amplified or overexpressed in a number of cancers. However, the role of SRC-3 in cancer cell proliferation and survival is still poorly understood. In this study, we show that SRC-3 is overexpressed in prostate cancer patients and its overexpression correlates with prostate cancer proliferation and is inversely correlated with apoptosis. Consistent with patient data, we have observed that reduction of SRC-3 expression by small interfering RNA decreases proliferation, delays the G1-S transition, and increases cell apoptosis of different prostate cancer cell lines. Furthermore, with decreased SRC-3 expression, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and Bcl-2 expression, as well as bromodeoxyuridine incorporation in prostate cancer cells are reduced. Finally, knockdown of SRC-3 with inducible short hairpin RNA expression in prostate cancer cells decreased tumor growth in nude mice. Taken together, these findings indicate that SRC-3 is an important regulator of prostate cancer proliferation and survival.
International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. LXXXIX. Update on the Extended Family of Chemokine Receptors and Introducing a New Nomenclature for Atypical Chemokine Receptors
Authors: Francoise Bachelerie, Adit Ben-Baruch, Amanda M. Burkhardt, Christophe Combadiere, Joshua M. Farber, Gerard J. Graham, Richard Horuk, Alexander Hovard Sparre-Ulrich, Massimo Locati, Andrew D. Luster, Alberto Mantovani, Kouji Matsushima, Philip M. Murphy, Robert Nibbs, Hisayuki Nomiyama, Christine A. Power, Amanda E. I. Proudfoot, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Antal Rot, Silvano Sozzani, Marcus Thelen, Osamu Yoshie, Albert Zlotnik
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2013)

Sixteen years ago, the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology approved a system for naming human seven-transmembrane (7TM) G protein-coupled chemokine receptors, the large family of leukocyte chemoattractant receptors that regulates immune system development and function, in large part by mediating leukocyte trafficking. This was announced in <i>Pharmacological Reviews</i> in a major overview of the first decade of research in this field [Murphy PM, Baggiolini M, Charo IF, Hébert CA, Horuk R, Matsushima K, Miller LH, Oppenheim JJ, and Power CA (2000) <i>Pharmacol Rev</i> 52:145–176]. Since then, several new receptors have been discovered, and major advances have been made for the others in many areas, including structural biology, signal transduction mechanisms, biology, and pharmacology. New and diverse roles have been identified in infection, immunity, inflammation, development, cancer, and other areas. The first two drugs acting at chemokine receptors have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), maraviroc targeting CCR5 in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS, and plerixafor targeting CXCR4 for stem cell mobilization for transplantation in cancer, and other candidates are now undergoing pivotal clinical trials for diverse disease indications. In addition, a subfamily of atypical chemokine receptors has emerged that may signal through arrestins instead of G proteins to act as chemokine scavengers, and many microbial and invertebrate G protein-coupled chemokine receptors and soluble chemokine-binding proteins have been described. Here, we review this extended family of chemokine receptors and chemokine-binding proteins at the basic, translational, and clinical levels, including an update on drug development. We also introduce a new nomenclature for atypical chemokine receptors with the stem ACKR (atypical chemokine receptor) approved by the Nomenclature Committee of the International Union of Pharmacology and the Human Genome Nomenclature Committee.