tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Treatment outcomes in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma from 1966–2006: Failure of overall survival enhancement despite four decades of progress in surgery, radiotherapy and chemoradiation
Authors: P. Chan, T. Yau, R. Epstein, K. Lam, R. Liang, C. Lo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

16537 Introduction: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a notoriously aggressive malignancy associated with a highly lethal clinical course despite therapeutic intervention. To identify factors that could suggest improved therapeutic strategies, we have analysed the clinicopathological features, treatment and outcome of all patients with ATC treated over the past four decades in our institution. Methods: Fifty patients presenting with biopsy-proven ATC to our centre between 1966 and 2006 were studied. All patients were managed with surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and/or chemoradiation. Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Potential factors affecting survival were compared using the log-rank test. Results: Most patients (88%) presented with a neck mass, while 17 (34%) patients also had cervical lymphadenopathy. Distant metastases at diagnosis were present in 9 (18%) of patients. Median survival was 97 days, while the 1- and 3-year survival was 14 % and 8% respectively. On univariate analysis, patients aged ≤65 years (p=0.04), undergoing surgical resection (p&lt;0.01), receiving RT to the neck (p&lt;0.01) and without metastatic disease on presentation (p&lt;0.01) enjoyed longer survival. Cytotoxic chemotherapy was not associated with survival enhancement (p = 0.4). Moreover, no change in survival was evident as a function of treatment era (p = 0.5). Conclusions: ATC remains a uniformly lethal disease despite numerous technical advances in surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy over the last forty years. Nonetheless, our results indicate that younger patients with localized ATC be treated aggressively in a multimodality manner. Identification of signalling pathways that can be medically blocked to reduce ATC metastatic/invasive potential and enhance apoptotic sensitivity should now be the main priority for multicentre collaborative clinical research. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Markers of eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage of asthmatic and atopic children
Authors: D. Snijders, S. Agostini, F. Bertuola, C. Panizzolo, S. Baraldo, G. Turato, D. Faggian, M. Plebani, M. Saetta, A. Barbato
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Recent studies performing fiberoptic bronchoscopy in children have improved our understanding of asthma pathophysiology. Eosinophilic, but also neutrophilic, inflammation has been described in asthma, but the relationship with atopy was incompletely investigated. The aim of this study is to examine inflammatory cells and mediators in children with asthma compared to the appropriate controls, i.e. atopic children without asthma and children with no atopy or asthma. Moreover, asthmatic children were analysed separately based on the presence of atopy and stratified by age.We recruited 191 children undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy for appropriate indications: 91 asthmatics (aged 1.4-17 years), 44 atopics without asthma (1.6-17.8 years) and 56 nonasthmatic nonatopic controls (1.4-14 years). In bronchoalveolar lavage, total and differential cell counts and inflammatory mediators, including ECP, eotaxin, IL-8 and TNFalpha, were analysed.Eosinophils and ECP levels were increased in asthmatic children when compared to controls (P = 0.002 and P = 0.01, respectively), but also atopic children without asthma had increased ECP levels compared to controls (P = 0.0001). Among asthmatic children, eosinophils and ECP levels were not different between atopic and nonatopic individuals. Neither neutrophils nor the related mediators (IL-8 and TNFalpha) differed significantly in the three groups. This pattern of inflammation was observed in both preschool and school-aged asthmatic children.This study suggests that markers of eosinophilic, but not neutrophilic inflammation, are increased in asthmatic children and also in atopic children without asthma. Of interest, in asthmatic children, the activation of the eosinophilic response is not solely because of the presence of atopy.
Abstract 11123: Outcomes After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Patients With Stable Coronary Disease and Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction
Authors: Adam D DeVore, Eric Yow, Mitchell W Krucoff, Linda K Shaw, Karen Chiswell, Christopher M O’Connor, E. Magnus Ohman, Eric J Velazquez
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Clinical trial data suggest a modest improvement in outcomes when coronary bypass surgery (CABG) is added to medical therapy for patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). However, limited data are available to understand the impact of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) on mortality for patients with stable CAD and LVSD. Methods: We studied 901 patients in the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Diseases. All patients underwent a coronary angiogram at Duke University for suspected CAD between 1995 and 2012. Patients included in the analysis all had CAD amenable to PCI (&gt;50% stenosis) in at least 1 vessel, reduced LVEF (&lt; 35%), and stable CAD. Patients with CCS class III or IV angina or CABG within 30 days were excluded. Of 901 patients, 259 were treated with PCI and 642 were treated with medical therapy. Propensity scores for PCI, created from 24 different variables (including age, LVEF, comorbid conditions, and medications), were used to assemble a matched cohort of 444 patients (222 pairs) receiving PCI or medical therapy alone. A survival curve was derived using the Kaplan-Meier method and the hazard ratio (HR) for mortality was estimated using Cox regression modeling. Results: In the matched cohort, the mean age was 63 years with 321 (72%) males. Three-vessel disease was present in 70 patients (16%). The mean EF was 27% and 153 (35%) reported NYHA Class III/IV symptoms; 392 (88%) were treated with beta-blockers and 378 (85%) with ACE-inhibitors or ARBs. Over 12 years of follow-up, patients in both groups had similar mortality (Figure), HR 0.87 (95% confidence interval 0.68-1.10). Conclusion: In this well-profiled, propensity-matched cohort, there was no significant difference in long-term mortality between patients treated with medical therapy alone or with medical therapy plus PCI. More studies are needed to understand the impact of PCI on other outcomes including symptoms and functional status.
134. Structural Requirements of Adenovirus Targeting Via by Modification of Minor Capsid Protein IX
Authors: Rob C. Hoeben, Steve J. Cramer, Leif Lindholm, Martijn J. Rabelink, Diana J. Van den Wollenberg, Stephanie Van der Heijdt, Jort Vellinga
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

In mastadenoviruses, the hexon-associated protein IX is a 14.3kDa protein that is strongly conserved between the different members of the genus. It associates with nine hexon capsomers to form group-of-nine hexons (GON). These make up the central region of each of the facets of the icosahedron. Protein IX is believed to function as a capsid 'cement'. So far, its structure in not known. Although viruses lacking pIX do not form GONs and are less heat-stable than wild-type viruses, they can be propagated with the same kinetics and yields as the wild-type viruses. Deletion mutants lacking (parts of) the conserved N-terminal domain are not incorporated into the virion, implicating this domain in capsid formation. In contrast, pIX molecules with mutations in other conserved domains (i.e. the central alanine stretch, and the putative leucine zipper domain) are efficiently incorporated into virions. The carboxyl terminal domain contains a putative leucine-zipper domain that may be responsible for trimerization via the formation of a coiled-coil structure. Mutants in this region are efficiently incorporated into the capsid, suggesting that trimerization is not essential for capsid formation. To get more insight into the structure/function relationship we studied the incorporation of heterologous pIX molecules into the HAdV-5 capsid. Our data show that the pIX proteins of HAdV-12 (species A) and HAdV-7 (species B) can be efficiently incorporated into the capsid of pIX-deleted HAdV-5 (species C). In addition, further deletion mutagenesis confirmed that the N-terminus of the HAdV-5 pIX is required and sufficient for incorporation into the capsid. These data further our knowledge on pIX and facilitated the development of pIX as an anchor for the incorporation of heterologous peptides into the capsid. In this way receptor-binding ligands were incorporated in the capsid. Inclusion of alphahelical spacers of up to 7.5 nm between the pIX anchor and the ligand resulted in more efficient binding of the virions to antibodies and cells. These data conform that modification of pIX can be used to incorporate heterologous peptides into the adenoviral capsid, and support the feasibility of this approach to amend the tissue tropism of the adenovirus vectors.
Comparative Genomic Profiling of Synovium Versus Skin Lesions in Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Jennifer Belasco, James S. Louie, Nicholas Gulati, Nathan Wei, Kristine Nograles, Judilyn Fuentes‐Duculan, Hiroshi Mitsui, Mayte Suárez‐Fariñas, James G. Krueger
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

To our knowledge, there is no broad genomic analysis comparing skin and synovium in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Also, there is little understanding of the relative levels of cytokines and chemokines in skin and synovium. The purpose of this study was to better define inflammatory pathways in paired lesional skin and affected synovial tissue in patients with PsA.We conducted a comprehensive analysis of cytokine and chemokine activation and genes representative of the inflammatory processes in PsA. Paired PsA synovial tissue and skin samples were obtained from 12 patients on the same day. Gene expression studies were performed using Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Confirmatory quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on selected transcripts. Cell populations were assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Globally, gene expression in PsA synovium was more closely related to gene expression in PsA skin than to gene expression in synovium in other forms of arthritis. However, PsA gene expression patterns in skin and synovium were clearly distinct, showing a stronger interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene signature in skin than in synovium and more equivalent tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-γ gene signatures in both tissues. These results were confirmed with real-time PCR.This is the first comprehensive molecular comparison of paired lesional skin and affected synovial tissue samples in PsA. Our results support clinical trial data showing that PsA skin and joint disease are similarly responsive to TNF antagonists, while IL-17 antagonists have better results in PsA skin than in PsA joints. Genes selectively expressed in PsA synovium might direct future therapies for PsA.
Island pedicle flaps for medial canthus repair
Authors: A. M. Skaria
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Background The medial canthus is a frequent site for skin cancer and reconstruction after Mohs surgery can prove to be challenging. In the literature various reconstruction methods are recommended for these cases. Flap reconstructions are mostly transposition flaps from the glabella, skin with different properties from that in the canthal region, hence mostly requiring correction in a second stage. Objectives To ascertain the utility of a different reconstruction method, applying island pedicle flaps for medial canthal lesions and obviating the necessity for second-stage corrections. Methods A review was undertaken of the medical records and photographs of patients who had a pedicle island flap reconstruction for medial canthal defects after Mohs surgery. There were four different possibilities: a pedicle island flap from the cheek, the back of the nose or the glabella or a combination of these flaps. Results Sixteen patients were reconstructed by pedicle island flaps for defects of the medial canthal area. A follow-up for all patients after 1 year indicated that all patients showed good to excellent results. No cases of web deformation and ectropion were found. Conclusions This flap is not mentioned in textbooks in reference to the reconstruction of canthal lesions and its value for this particular location is probably underestimated.
A memorable patient: Sending the right message
Authors: R. Ball
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This patient is not under my medical care, but I do have a personal interest in her. She has made me stop and think about my daily contact with patients. She is 21 years old and in a geriatric bay, at a large hospital in the north of England. She is anorexic and this is her first experience of illness and, indeed, of hospitals. Her observations of day to day ward activity should be noted by all of us in medicine.

On a round she …
Acute graft-versus-host disease: analysis of risk factors after allogeneic marrow transplantation and prophylaxis with cyclosporine and methotrexate [see comments]
Authors: RA Nash, MS Pepe, R Storb, G Longton, M Pettinger, C Anasetti, FR Appelbaum, RA Bowden, HJ Deeg, K Doney
Journal: Blood (1992)
Health Promotion and Disease Prevention in Children
Authors: Jody W. Zylke, Catherine D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Early History of the Infant Welfare Movement.
Authors: George Frederick McCleary
Journal: JAMA (1933)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Cause-specific mortality in patients with severe psoriasis: a population-based cohort study in the U.K.
Authors: K Abuabara, R.S Azfar, D.B Shin, A.L Neimann, A.B Troxel, J.M Gelfand
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Severe psoriasis is associated with excess mortality and increased risk of cardiovascular death. Population-based data evaluating cause-specific mortality in patients with psoriasis are limited.To describe cause-specific mortality in patients with severe psoriasis.We performed a cohort study from 1987 to 2002 of patients ≥18 years using the General Practice Research Database. We compared patients with a psoriasis code and a history of systemic therapy consistent with severe psoriasis (n=3603) with patients with no history of psoriasis (n=14,330). Age- and sex-adjusted Cox models were created for each of the leading causes of death defined by the Centers for Disease Control.Patients with severe psoriasis were at increased risk of death from cardiovascular disease [hazard ratio (HR) 1·57, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·26-1·96], malignancies (HR 1·41, 95% CI 1·07-1·86), chronic lower respiratory disease (HR 2·08, 95% CI 1·24-3·48), diabetes (HR 2·86, 95% CI 1·08-7·59), dementia (HR 3·64, 95% CI 1·36-9·72), infection (HR 1·65, 95% CI 1·26-2·18), kidney disease (HR 4·37, 95% CI 2·24-8·53) and unknown/missing causes (HR 1·43, 95% CI 1·09-1·89). The absolute and excess risk of death was highest for cardiovascular disease (61·9 and 3·5 deaths per 1000 patient-years, respectively).Severe psoriasis is associated with an increased risk of death from a variety of causes, with cardiovascular death being the most common aetiology. These patients were also at increased risk of death from causes not previously reported, such as infection, kidney disease and dementia. Additional studies are necessary to determine the degree to which excess causes of death are due to psoriasis, its treatments, associated behaviours, or other factors.
OTOROM: Interactive Middle Ear Pathology and Surgical Procedures, by Robert Vincent
Authors: I. R C Swan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Robert Vincent / Heinemann, £75 / ISBN 0 7506 3063 9

Do surgical textbooks have a future? Like traditional encyclopaedias, they now face competition from multimedia packages containing sound and video clips in addition to text and still pictures. Unlike a book, the reader does not have to switch constantly between text and pictures–on CD ROM, you listen to the description while you look at pictures or watch a video. CDs can also contain many more colour pictures than it is economically reasonable to print in a book.

OTOROM is an …
Abstract 4314: Metabolic manipulation of hypoxia and radiotherapy response by electron transport inhibitors
Authors: Maria Jose Gandolfo, Alastair H. Kyle, Andrew I. Minchinton
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The presence of hypoxia in solid tumors is correlated with poor treatment outcome. Even small population of hypoxic cells within tumors can significantly decrease the efficacy of radiation therapy. One approach to treating hypoxia in tumours is to reduce overall tumor cell oxygen consumption by modulating mitochondrial respiration. This could reoxygenate hypoxic cells within the tumor and restore radiation sensitivity. To guide in vivo application we tested the effects of three respiratory chain inhibitors; the biguanides metformin and phenformin and rotenone on oxygen consumption in 3D tissue engineered discs. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the effect of respiratory inhibition on the hypoxic fraction of HCT116 and HT29 tissue discs using immunostaining with the hypoxic cell marker pimonidazole. An oxygen sensing phosphorescence lifetime probe assessed pO2 on the basal side of the disc as a function of time after inhibitors were exposed to the apical surface. Clonogenic assays were then performed to confirm the radiosensitization of hypoxic cells within the tissue discs. Pimonidazole staining and direct pO2 sensing confirmed that all three electron transfer inhibitors decrease the hypoxic fraction by reducing cellular oxygen consumption. Rotenone was found to completely eliminate the hypoxic fraction at nanomolar concentrations compared to metformin and phenformin which require milli to micromolar concentrations respectively. Furthermore, rotenone was found to have an effect on oxygen utilization within minutes of drug exposure compared to both metformin and phenformin, which took hours to be effective. In addition, clonogenics assays determined that all three electron transfer inhibitors radiosensitize tumor cells with rotenone being the most efficient compound on a molar basis. The mitochondrial inhibitors of complex I metformin, phenformin and rotenone decrease oxygen utilization by tumor cells in a concentration dependent manner resulting in reduction of the hypoxic fraction and increased radiosensitivity. Citation Format: Maria Jose Gandolfo, Alastair H. Kyle, Andrew I. Minchinton. Metabolic manipulation of hypoxia and radiotherapy response by electron transport inhibitors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4314. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4314
Detection of Rickettsia felis and Rickettsia typhi in an area of California endemic for murine typhus
Authors: S.E. Karpathy, E.K. Hayes, A.M. Williams, R. Hu, L. Krueger, S. Bennett, A. Tilzer, R.K. Velten, N. Kerr, W. Moore, M.E. Eremeeva
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
A Randomized Comparison of All Transretinoic Acid (ATRA) Followed by Chemotherapy and ATRA Plus Chemotherapy and the Role of Maintenance Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia
Authors: Pierre Fenaux, Claude Chastang, Sylvie Chevret, Miguel Sanz, Hervé Dombret, Eric Archimbaud, Martin Fey, Consuelo Rayon, Françoise Huguet, Jean-Jacques Sotto, Claude Gardin, Pascale Cony Makhoul, Philippe Travade, Eric Solary, Nathalie Fegueux, Dominique Bordessoule, Jesus San Miguel, Harmut Link, Bernard Desablens, Aspasia Stamatoullas, E. Deconinck, Fréderic Maloisel, Sylvie Castaigne, Claude Preudhomme, Laurent Degos
Journal: Blood (1999)