tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Low‐dose aspirin desensitization in individuals with aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease
Authors: K. Fruth, B. Pogorzelski, I. Schmidtmann, J. Springer, N. Fennan, N. Fraessdorf, A. Boessert, D. Schaefer, J. Gosepath, W. J. Mann
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Abstract Background Nasal polyposis frequently occurs within the clinical picture of aspirin‐exacerbated respiratory disease ( AERD ). A derailed arachidonic acid metabolism is regarded to be part of the pathophysiology of AERD , and aspirin desensitization is the only causal therapeutic option, so far. The optimal maintenance dose of aspirin desensitization to prevent nasal polyp recurrence on the one hand and to minimize aspirin‐related side‐effects, on the other hand, is still a matter of debate. The aim of this trial was to investigate the efficacy and safety of a low‐dose aspirin desensitization protocol. Methods After sinus surgery, 70 individuals with AERD were randomly allocated to a prospective double‐blind placebo‐controlled aspirin desensitization protocol with a maintenance dose of 100 mg daily. The primary outcome was polyp relapse after 36 months. Nasal endoscopy status, quality of life, and patients' symptom score as well as aspirin‐related side‐effects were monitored. Results Due to the high dropout rate, only 31 individuals were evaluated. After 36 months, nasal polyp relapse was less frequent ( P = 0.0785) and the polyposis score was lower ( P = 0.0702) in the therapy group. Quality of life obviously improved ( P = 0.0324), clinical complaints ( P = 0.0083) were significantly reduced, and no severe aspirin‐related side‐effects were observed. Conclusion Aspirin desensitization with a maintenance dose of 100 mg daily has a positive impact on nasal polyp relapse and seems to be a safe and suitable therapy to improve clinical complaints and the quality of life of individuals with AERD .
Artificial lung as an alternative to mechanical ventilation in COPD exacerbation
Authors: S. Crotti, A. Lissoni, D. Tubiolo, S. Azzari, P. Tarsia, L. Caspani, L. Gattinoni
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

To the Editors:

Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is commonly treated with different kinds of noninvasive positive pressure devices, ranging from helmet or face-mask continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to noninvasive pressure support ventilation (NPPV), or Bi-PAP [1]. The use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and NPPV often results in the successful treatment of COPD patients with respiratory distress [1, 2]. If, despite maximal medical management, respiratory distress and gas exchange deteriorate with increasing tachypnoea and acidosis, and with altered level of consciousness, then tracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) become mandatory [3]. However, tracheal intubation and MV have several detrimental side-effects that may concur to determine the high morbidity and mortality reported in COPD patients requiring them [3, 4]. Indeed, the increase in airway resistance, the prolonged time required for lung emptying and the resulting dynamic hyperinflation, named auto-PEEP [4], are the most important physiological alterations during COPD exacerbation. In this condition, the application of MV could increase lung hyperinflation and lead to barotrauma and circulatory failure [4, 5]. Furthermore, tracheal intubation is usually associated with the need for sedation. The side-effects of intubation, sedation and MV may initiate a vicious circle, often resulting in a very difficult or impossible weaning.

In this report, we describe a patient with severe exacerbation of COPD, in whom after failure of noninvasive ventilation, we decided to treat the respiratory acidosis, tachypnoea and ventilatory fatigue by removing CO2 with an artificial lung. This avoided the need for tracheal intubation and MV, leaving the patient in spontaneous breathing.

In September 2010, a 72-yr-old, female heavy …
Reply to Manish Garg, Apul Goel and Jai Prakash's Letter to the Editor re: Renzo Colombo, Lorenzo Rocchini, Nazareno Suardi, et al. Neoadjuvant Short-term Intensive Intravesical Mitomycin C Regimen Compared with Weekly Schedule for Low-grade Recurrent Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: Preliminary Results of a Randomised Phase 2 Study. Eur Urol 2012;62:797–802
Authors: Renzo Colombo, Lorenzo Rocchini, Nazareno Suardi, Fabio Benigni, Giorgia Colciago, Arianna Bettiga, Federico Pellucchi, Carmen Maccagnano, Alberto Briganti, Andrea Salonia, Patrizio Rigatti, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2012)
Gastric-Outlet Obstruction Induced by Prostaglandin Therapy in Neonates
Authors: Nathan Peled, Ovdi Dagan, Paul Babyn, Meredith M. Silver, Geoffrey Barker, Jonathan Hellmann, Dennis Scolnik, Gideon Koren
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

An infusion of prostaglandin E1 is widely used to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus in neonates with congenital heart disease. After gastric-outlet obstruction was recognized in several infants who received prostaglandin E1, we studied the association between the drug and this complication.
Subareolar Nodule With Calcifications on Screening Mammography
Authors: Corey M. DeWitt, Jose E. Peraza, Daniel M. Peraza
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
The Neuronal Differentiation Factor NeuroD1 Downregulates the Neuronal Repellent Factor Slit2 Expression and Promotes Cell Motility and Tumor Formation of Neuroblastoma
Authors: Peng Huang, Satoshi Kishida, Dongliang Cao, Yuko Murakami-Tonami, Ping Mu, Masato Nakaguro, Naoshi Koide, Ichiro Takeuchi, Akira Onishi, Kenji Kadomatsu
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor NeuroD1 has been implicated in the neurogenesis and early differentiation of pancreatic endocrine cells. However, its function in relation to cancer has been poorly examined. In this study, we found that NeuroD1 is involved in the tumorigenesis of neuroblastoma. NeuroD1 was strongly expressed in a hyperplastic region comprising neuroblasts in the celiac sympathetic ganglion of 2-week-old MYCN transgenic (Tg) mice and was consistently expressed in the subsequently generated neuroblastoma tissue. NeuroD1 knockdown by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) resulted in motility inhibition of the human neuroblastoma cell lines, and this effect was reversed by shRNA-resistant NeuroD1. The motility inhibition by NeuroD1 knockdown was associated with induction of Slit2 expression, and knockdown of Slit2 could restore cell motility. Consistent with this finding, shRNA-resistant NeuroD1 suppressed Slit2 expression. NeuroD1 directly bound to the first and second E-box of the Slit2 promoter region. Moreover, we found that the growth of tumor spheres, established from neuroblastoma cell lines in MYCN Tg mice, was suppressed by NeuroD1 suppression. The functions identified for NeuroD1 in cell motility and tumor sphere growth may suggest a link between NeuroD1 and the tumorigenesis of neuroblastoma. Indeed, tumor formation of tumor sphere-derived cells was significantly suppressed by NeuroD1 knockdown. These data are relevant to the clinical features of human neuroblastoma: high NeuroD1 expression was closely associated with poor prognosis. Our findings establish the critical role of the neuronal differentiation factor NeuroD1 in neuroblastoma as well as its functional relationship with the neuronal repellent factor Slit2.
Renal Clearance in Man of Pharmaceuticals Containing Radioactive Iodine
Authors: Frank T. Maher
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Renal clearances of diatrizoate sodium I 125 or iothalamate sodium I 125 measure 90% to 100% of simultaneous classic clearances of inulin; clearances of iodohippurate sodium I 131 or iodopyracet I 131 are 84% and 79%, respectively, of simultaneous clearances of aminohippurate sodium. Plasma binding (8% to 27% of diatrizoate sodium I 125 or iothalamate sodium I 125; 64% to 70% of iodohippurate sodium I 131; 29% to 42% of iodopyracet I 131; 7% to 25% of aminohippurate) is revealed by ultrafiltration studies. Binding is labile and dissociable. Correcting clearances of diatrizoate sodium I 125 or iothalamate sodium I 125 for plasma binding yields values exceeding those of insulin clearances. Uncorrected, they are satisfactory substitutes for inulin clearance in man. Clearances of iodohippurate sodium I 131 or iodopyracet I 131 approximate adequately clearances of aminohippurate when carrier iodopyracet is added and the clearances are corrected for plasma binding to provide an estimate of total clearance.
Evaluation of Pancreatic Islet Cell Tumors by Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: YUJI NAKAMOTO, TATSUYA HIGASHI, HARUMI SAKAHARA, NAGARA TAMAKI, KYO ITOH, MASAYUKI IMAMURA, JUNJI KONISHI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2000)

Purpose Pancreatic islet cell tumors are potentially malignant tumors and are often difficult to detect with current imaging modalities. Positron emission tomography (PET) using fluorine-18–labeled fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is an imaging technique with high sensitivity for malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of FDG PET to detect pancreatic islet cell tumors. Methods Nineteen lesions of histologically proved islet cell tumors were evaluated in 12 patients (5 men, 7 women; ages 22 to 77 years). FDG uptake was analyzed semiquantitatively as a standardized uptake value. The diagnostic accuracy of PET was compared with that of US, CT, and MRI. Results Of 19 lesions, 8 showed positive PET results (standardized uptake value > 2.3), and localization was indicated in 2 lesions. In nine tumors that were not detected by PET, seven were small tumors ranging from 1.5 to 8 mm in diameter and were not identified by other imaging methods. The sensitivity rate of PET was 53%, whereas those of US, CT, and MRI were 53%, 50%, and 53%, respectively. Conclusion Our data suggest that FDG PET has a limitation in that it does not detect some small-sized islet cell tumors, mainly depending on their size, but it has potential utility as a complementary modality for other imaging techniques.
CORNEAL LESIONS IN ACQUIRED SYPHILIS.
Authors: WILLIAM H. WILDER
Journal: JAMA (1901)

The comparative infrequency of lesions of the cornea as manifestations or results of acquired syphilis, and the opinion of many ophthalmologists, among others Mooren, Panas and Perrin (according to Denarié) that corneal lesions are not caused by acquired syphilis, have prompted me to present this subject for the consideration of the Section on Ophthalmology, and to report some cases that have come under my own observation in which the relation of cause and effect seems to be clear. The relation of inherited syphilis to interstitial keratitis seems to be well established, and the etiology of the disease can usually be fairly demonstrated in a large majority of the cases. But in a considerable number of cases of deep-seated inflammation of the cornea which simulate in many respects the interstitial keratitis of inherited syphilis, no confirmatory evidence of such taint can be shown; and it is in such cases that careful
Abstract 59: Identification of RNA editing events in cancer using high-throughput sequencing data
Authors: Amie Radenbaugh, John Z. Sanborn, Daniel Zerbino, Chris Wilks, Joshua M. Stuart, David Haussler
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification of pre-mRNA that has recently been identified as an additional epigenetic mechanism relevant to cancer development and progression. With projects like The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) providing high-throughput sequencing datasets measuring both DNA and RNA from the same patients across multiple cancers, it is now possible to search for RNA editing events at a genome-wide scale. Using fully-sequenced tumor and matched-normal genomes and RNA-Seq data from TCGA project, we will identify RNA editing events in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. We have analyzed the tumor and matched normal genomes to identify SNPs, mutations (both germline and somatic), and heterozygosity across the entire genome. By comparing the patient's genomic data to the RNA transcripts assembled by the UCSC RNA-Seq pipeline, we can identify any bases that were transcribed abnormally. All putative RNA editing events will be assessed according to the most common types of RNA editing, such as the deamination of adenosine into inosine (A-to-I) or the conversion of cytosine into uracil (C-to-U). Local phasing information inferred from the genomic sequence will be used to disambiguate potential RNA editing events found at heterozygous locations. As a positive control, we will confirm RNA-editing events previously discovered experimentally in AML patients, such as an A-to-I conversion in the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN6 gene. The PTPN6 gene is recognized as a tumor suppressor gene and is important for the down-regulation of growth-promoting receptors. The A-to-I conversion of adenosine 7866 causes the splicing mechanism to ignore a splicing junction, leading to a non-functional PTPN6 protein via the inclusion of an intron in the mature RNA transcript. Using the TCGA sequencing data, we will identify all AML samples that exhibit this particular A-to-I conversion as well as the inclusion of the intron with the RNA-Seq data. In addition, we will report novel RNA editing events in AML and other cancer types and look for patterns that may be cancer specific or globally relevant to cancer development. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 59. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-59
Expression of a mutant HSP110 sensitizes colorectal cancer cells to chemotherapy and improves disease prognosis
Authors: Coralie Dorard, Aurélie de Thonel, Ada Collura, Laetitia Marisa, Magali Svrcek, Anaïs Lagrange, Gaetan Jego, Kristell Wanherdrick, Anne Laure Joly, Olivier Buhard, Jessica Gobbo, Virginie Penard-Lacronique, Habib Zouali, Emmanuel Tubacher, Sylvain Kirzin, Janick Selves, Gérard Milano, Marie-Christine Etienne-Grimaldi, Leila Bengrine-Lefèvre, Christophe Louvet, Christophe Tournigand, Jérémie H Lefèvre, Yann Parc, Emmanuel Tiret, Jean-François Fléjou, Marie-Pierre Gaub, Carmen Garrido, Alex Duval
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
ASSOCIATION OF REDUCED DIPHOSPHOPYRIDINE NUCLEOTIDE CYTOCHROME C REDUCTASE ACTIVITY WITH MENINGOPNEUMONITIS VIRUS
Authors: Emma G. Allen, Marianna R. Bovarnick
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1957)

DPNH cytochrome c reductase activity has been found associated with the MP virus isolated from the infected allantoic fluids or yolk sacs of fertile eggs and treated with trypsin, perfringens toxin, and cobra venom. The corresponding normal tissue enzymes can be nearly completely destroyed by such treatment, also the small activity found in crude preparations of influenza virus is destroyed by this treatment. Under certain relatively mild conditions of inactivation, loss in enzymatic activity is parallelled by loss in infectivity.
Systemic lupus erythematosus preceded by long-term cryoglobulinaemia.
Authors: J Perek, M Mittelman, A Eisbruch, M Djaldetti
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

A patient with cryoglobulinaemia who developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) 10 years later on is described. The relationship between these 2 conditions and the possibility that cryoglobulinaemia was the early presentation of SLE are discussed.
Chest infections in African children. Respiratory rate poor predictor of hypoxaemia.
Authors: T J O'Dempsey, J E Todd
Journal: BMJ (1993)

ally, the quality of care suffers.The need for change is acute.The government needs to adopt flexible approaches to the delivery of health care.For instance, some clinics could be held in the evenings.Allied medical staff, who are currently underused, could share greater responsibility.We believe that direct regulation by the government of the quality of care is impractical.Rules are easier to make than to enforce.The existing medical bodies need to play a larger part.For a start, they could issue realistic guidelines on standard practice, which could serve as a bridge between local realities and recommendations by the World Health Organisation, which often seem distant.Professional registration could be made time limited and renewal contingent on a system of continuing medical education credits.In India, for instance, existing state run health insurance schemes currently restricted to state employees could be expanded with the help of the private sector.The concept of "managed care" could also be explored.2The impending changes in the Indian Consumers Act 1986 should, we hope, stimulate the growth of patient advocacy groups.3It would be best, however, for the medical profession to reform itself.
Common mental disorder and obesity: insight from four repeat measures over 19 years: prospective Whitehall II cohort study
Authors: M. Kivimaki, D. A Lawlor, A. Singh-Manoux, G D. Batty, J. E Ferrie, M. J Shipley, H. Nabi, S. Sabia, M. G Marmot, M. Jokela
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<b>Objectives</b> To examine potential reciprocal associations between common mental disorders and obesity, and to assess whether dose-response relations exist. <b>Design</b> Prospective cohort study with four measures of common mental disorders and obesity over 19 years (Whitehall II study). <b>Setting</b> Civil service departments in London. <b>Participants</b> 4363 adults (28% female, mean age 44 years at baseline). <b>Main outcome</b> Common mental disorder defined as general health questionnaire "caseness;" overweight and obesity based on Word Health Organization definitions. <b>Results</b> In models adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index at baseline, odds ratios for obesity at the fourth screening were 1.33 (95% confidence interval 1.00 to 1.77), 1.64 (1.13 to 2.36), and 2.01 (1.21 to 3.34) for participants with common mental disorder at one, two, or three preceding screenings compared with people free from common mental disorder (P for trend&lt;0.001). The corresponding mean differences in body mass index at the most recent screening were 0.20, 0.31, and 0.50 (P for trend&lt;0.001). These associations remained after adjustment for baseline characteristics related to mental health and exclusion of participants who were obese at baseline. In addition, obesity predicted future risk of common mental disorder, again with evidence of a dose-response relation (P for trend=0.02, multivariable model). However, this association was lost when people with common mental disorder at baseline were excluded (P for trend=0.33). <b>Conclusions</b> These findings suggest that in British adults the direction of association between common mental disorders and obesity is from common mental disorder to increased future risk of obesity. This association is cumulative such that people with chronic or repeat episodes of common mental disorder are particularly at risk of weight gain.
Hypercalcemia in Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: M. DlAZ-CURIEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1982Hypercalcemia in Pulmonary TuberculosisM. DlAZ-CURIEL, M.D., M. FERNANDEZ GUERRERO, M.D., A. RAPADO, M.D., J.M. CASTRILLO, M.D.M. DlAZ-CURIEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, M. FERNANDEZ GUERRERO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, A. RAPADO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J.M. CASTRILLO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-97-1-143_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The prevalence of hypercalcemia in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis is controversial. Abbasi and associates (1) and Kitrou and colleagues (2) have found a high prevalence especially after starting the treatment of the disease. We wish to add our data to those of these authors.We studied the serum levels of calcium, phosphate, and magnesium in 50 consecutive patients seen in our hospital in the last 2xh years with microbiologically proven pulmonary tuberculosis. Thirty-six patients were men and 14 were women; their ages ranged from 16 to 76 years (mean, 39 years). In 30 patients the serum...References1. ABBASICHEMPLAVILFARAHMULLERARNSTEIN AJSBA. Hypercalcemia in active pulmonary tuberculosis. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:324-8. LinkGoogle Scholar2. KiTROUPHYTOU-PALLIKARITZANNESVIRVIDAKISMOUNTOKALAKIS MASKT. Hypercalcemia in active pulmonary tuberculosis. [Letter]. Ann Intern Med. 1982;96:255. LinkGoogle Scholar3. PARFITT A. Chlorothiazide-induced hypercalcemia in juvenile osteoporosis and hyperparathyroidism. N Engl J Med. 1969;281:55-9. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Foundation Jimenez Diaz Autonoma University Madrid Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySystemic granulomatosis and hypercalcaemia following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapyHypercalcemia in Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis 1 July 1982Volume 97, Issue 1Page: 143-143KeywordsCalciumHypercalcemiaMagnesiumPhosphates ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1982 PDF downloadLoading ...
Case 27-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Richard H. Glew, Nicholas J. Robert
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 66-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of right hemiplegia and aphasia.There was a long history of abdominal discomfort, and in recent years the patient had experienced chest pain on exertion. Fifteen months before entry he was evaluated at this hospital because of vertigo of five years' duration. A transfemoral bilateral vertebral angiographic examination showed an ulcerated plaque at the origin of the left subclavian artery, without stenosis; there was slight narrowing at the origin of the left vertebral artery; the right vertebral artery was dominant, and minimal atheromatous changes were seen at its . . .