tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
More on Bendectin
Authors: Brian MacMahon
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Data have now been published from nine series of pregnant women known or strongly believed to have taken Bendectin during a critical period of pregnancy and evaluated for the frequency of congenital defects in their offspring. The article by Jick and his colleagues in this week's issue ofThe Journal(p 343) adds the largest series of Bendectin users to date. The studies are summarized in the Table. None shows a significant increase in frequency of malformations in Bendectin-exposed infants, although one shows a significant decrease, the upper bound of the confidence interval of the rate ratio not including 1.0. Seven of the series show lower rates in the exposed than in the unexposed infants in the same series (rate ratio &lt;1.0), while two show higher rates in the exposed (rate ratio &gt;1.0). What is the power of this experience to exclude the possibility that a small elevation in risk
THE CAUSES AND PREVENTION OF SUDDEN DEATH IN CORONARY DISEASE
Authors: O. P. J. FALK
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Aside from the mounting mortality toll that would appear inevitable with the generally increased incidence of coronary disease, the problem of minimizing the occurrence of fatal complications of myocardial infarction resulting from coronary occlusion, as far as they are subject to control, presents a clinical challenge that can be met only by a careful analysis of the actual immediate causes of death following the occurrence and during the recovery stage of myocardial infarction.  Acute myocardial infarction may occur in the course of coronary atherosclerosis as a consequence of any one of the following circumstances:   Thrombosis of a narrowed atherosclerotic coronary vessel.  Intramural hemorrhage in a coronary vessel producing closure.  Rupture of a subintimal lipoid abscess with plugging of the lumen.  Infarction occurring without complete organic occlusion of a coronary vessel.   The last mentioned circumstance might be induced by prolonged coronary insufficiency, such as a protracted anginal
Annual deaths from mesothelioma in Britain to reach 2000 by 2010
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Clinicopathological series indicate that the clinical diagnosis of Parkinson9s disease is correct in only 80% of cases. Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome (SRO) comprise most of the misdiagnoses. By means of 18F-dopa PET the pattern of nigrostriatal dopaminergic dysfunction in 28 patients with clinically probable Parkinson9s disease, 25 with MSA, and 10 patients with SRO, was assessed and compared with the pattern in 27 normal subjects. Discriminant function analysis was used to assess the ability of 18F-dopa PET to categorize individual parkinsonian patients on the basis of their caudate and putamen tracer uptake. Discriminant function analysis assigned all control subjects a normal category. One Parkinsonian patient out of 63 was classified as "normal" on the basis of PET findings, although this patient had significantly reduced putamen 18F-dopa uptake. Discriminant function analysis was less effective at distinguishing different categories of akinetic-rigid syndrome on the basis of their striatal 18F-dopa uptake, as judged against clinical criteria. Patients clinically labelled as having typical or atypical Parkinsonian syndromes were assigned the same category on PET criteria 64% and 69% of the time, respectively. When all three categories of Parkinson9s disease, MSA, and SRO were considered together, clinical and 18F-dopa PET findings correlated in 64% of patients assigned a diagnosis of Parkinson9s disease and 70% of those given a diagnosis of SRO; MSA was less readily discriminated, patients with MSA being assigned to MSA, Parkinson9s disease, and SRO groups with equal frequency. The correlation between clinical and discriminant function analysis assignment improved when separate comparisons were made between Parkinson9s disease and MSA, or Parkinson9s disease and SRO groups. In these analyses, clinical and PET categorisation of MSA and Parkinson9s disease agreed in 60% of cases, and of SRO and Parkinson9s disease in 90% of cases. In summary, (18)F-dopa PET successfully discriminates normal subjects from parkinsonian patients, and patients with Parkinson9s disease from patients with SRO, but is less reliable in distinguishing Parkinson9s disease from MSA. The concomitant assessment of striatal neuronal function with additional PET tracers may be necessary to reliably differentiate typical and atypical parkinsonian syndromes.
Abstract 1976: MDR expression/ activity may serve as potential biomarker in developing therapeutic drugs for AML therapy
Authors: Nandini Rudra-Ganguly, Christine Lowe, Mukta Shiwalkar, Claudia I. Guevara, Christopher Kemball, Min Michelle Wu, Cyrus Virata, Alla Verlinsky, Ssucheng J Hsu, Michael Mattie, William Yeh, Peng Yang, Sung-Ju Moon, Ingrid Joseph, David R. Stover, Daniel S. Pereira, Dowdy Jacksosn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Multidrug resistance may play a critical role in developing cancer therapeutics for acute leukemia. The expression of the ATP binding cassette (ABC) transporter Pgp/MDR1 (also known as ABCB1) has been reported in AML patients and correlates with poor clinical outcome. Additional transporters like MRP1 and BCRP also appeared to contribute towards this resistance mechanism. We have profiled a panel of AML tumor cell lines and tumor xenografts for both expression and activity of Pgp/MDR1 via FACS and MSD;. Our profiling also includes analysis of the known SNPs associated with these transporters in key models. We have evaluated the sensitivity of the AML models to a series of standard of care therapies, including auristatins, in both in vitro and in vivo studies. These payloads alone or when conjugated to antibodies as antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) are known substrates of the ABC transporters, Using Pgp inhibitors, we could restore the sensitivity of the MDR expressing cells to the cytotoxic drugs and ADCs, which confirmed that the drugs were MDR substrates. These inhibitors could also block the activity of the Pgp pump. We have also observed limited activity in vivo with these ADCs when used in a MDR positive model. Our initial observation indicates that a threshold level of activity of MDR1 may be critical to confer resistance to these standard of care molecules and antibody drug conjugates using similar payloads. Currently, we are investigating the contribution of other efflux pumps in this mechanism of drug resistance MRP1 and BCRP, in similar manner. This can also aid in identifying cytotoxic drugs that are able to bypass the resistance mediated by these efflux pumps. Additional work is underway to characterize patient samples and identify MDR threshold level of activity as a potential predictive biomarker in developing AML therapeutics. Citation Format: Nandini Rudra-Ganguly, Christine Lowe, Mukta Shiwalkar, Claudia I. Guevara, Christopher Kemball, Min Michelle Wu, Cyrus Virata, Alla Verlinsky, Ssucheng J Hsu, Michael Mattie, William Yeh, Peng Yang, Sung-Ju Moon, Ingrid Joseph, David R. Stover, Daniel S. Pereira, Dowdy Jacksosn. MDR expression/ activity may serve as potential biomarker in developing therapeutic drugs for AML therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1976. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1976
A comparison of rofleponide palmitate nasal spray (RPNS) with budesonide aqueous nasal spray (BANS) and placebo for seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) using the environmental exposure unit (EEU)*1
Authors: J.H. Day, M. Briscoe, E. Rafeiro, C. Schrewelius, B. Simpson, L. O'Dowd
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2004)
Why I Am Not a Pathologist
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Integrated cardiac, renal, and endocrine actions of endothelin.
Authors: W L Miller, M M Redfield, J C Burnett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Endothelin, a newly discovered endothelial-derived peptide, has been demonstrated in vitro to have potent vasocontractile properties and has been speculated to play a role in vivo in arterial pressure-volume homeostasis. The present studies in anesthetized dogs were designed to determine the action of endothelin on cardiovascular-renal and endocrine function in vivo as in acute arterial pressure-volume regulation. Intravenous infusion of endothelin (50 ng/kg per min) increases arterial pressure by increasing peripheral vascular resistance but in association with an increase in coronary vascular resistance and decreases in cardiac output. Renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate were markedly reduced in association with a sustained reduction in sodium excretion and an increase in plasma renin activity. Atrial natriuretic factor, vasopressin, and aldosterone were also elevated. These results indicate that endothelin is a potent vasoconstrictor that elevates systemic blood pressure in association with marked decreases in cardiovascular and renal function. This peptide may function as a counterregulatory hormone to the effects of endothelial-derived vasodilator agent(s).
1991 census returns: OPCS REPLY
Authors: P J Wormald
Journal: BMJ (1991)

mental issues, and I hope that a body can be formed to examine other such claims.Though I am glad to know that PET can be recycled, it is by no means the first recyclable plastic.If ICI wishes to adopt an environmentally friendly stance perhaps it should fund plastic recycling schemes around Britain, which would be much more meaningful.
THAT MOST DIFFICULT YEAR
Authors: J. THOMAS UNGERLEIDER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1965)

Some of the pitfalls that the first year psychiatric resident will encounter are discussed. He must struggle with them, which means taking a good look at himself in the process. There are usually no right or wrong answers, no absolute rules to cover all cases. But, having wrestled with and resolved some of these problems to his own satisfaction during his first, and most difficult year, he will be well on his way toward becoming a psychiatrist.
FATAL AGRANULOCYTOSIS FROM SULFATHIAZOLE
Authors: Putnam C. Kennedy
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The chief objective in the search for new chemotherapeutic agents is to find drugs which have both greater effectiveness and lower toxicity. Sulfathiazole, according to some observers, presents a number of favorable features in these respects when compared with other sulfonamides that are in common use. One of the features usually mentioned is that acute agranulocytosis resulting from its use has not been reported.<sup>1</sup>We present here a case in which this complication occurred and proved fatal. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.—</h3> An American woman aged 38, a housewife, was admitted to the Boston City Hospital on June 23, 1940. She had been in good health until seven weeks previously, when she began to have drenching sweats at night and a spiking temperature reaching 103 to 104 F. daily, which continued to the time of entry. She had occasional chills during this time, and her physician kept her in
Clinical, hematologic and biosynthetic studies in sickle cell‐β°‐thalassemia: A comparison with sickle cell anemia
Authors: Martin H. Steinberg, Bernard J. Dreiling
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1976)

Abstract The diseases commonly confused with sickle cell anemia include sickle cellβ‐thalassemia in which synthesis of β A ‐chains are completely suppressed (HbS‐β O ‐thalassemia). We obtained hematologic measurements and studied globin biosynthesis in five patients with this disorder and compared the results with those obtained in five patients with “mild” sickle cell anemia and seven individuals with sickle cell‐β‐thalassemia having hemoglobin A levels of 20–30% (HbS‐β + ‐thalassemia). A distinction between HbS‐β O ‐thalassemia and sickle cell anemia was not always possible on clinical, hematologic, or electrophoretic grounds. Thalassemia heterozygotes had hypochromia and microcytosis, not generally a feature of sickle cell anemia, although overlap of values did exist. The ratio of β to non‐β, or β to β S ‐chains in sickle cell anemia approximated unity, whereas patients with HbS‐β O ‐thalassemia had a deficit of β‐chain production relative to that of the β‐chain. The differentiation of HbS‐β O ‐thalassemia and sickle cell anemia can be best made on the basis of family or biosynthetic study. We estimated the regional prevalence of HbS‐β O ‐thalassemia to be 1:23,000 of the black population.
Abstract A43: Direct visualization of changes of lymphatic function and drainage pathways in lymph node metastasis of B16F10 melanoma using near-infrared fluorescence imaging
Authors: Sunkuk Kwon, Germaine Agollah, Grace Wu, Sevick Sevick-Muraca
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The lymphatic system provides an initial route for cancer cell dissemination in many cancers including melanoma. However, it is largely unknown how the lymphatic system changes during tumor progression, due in part to the lack of imaging techniques available. In this study, we non-invasively imaged changes of lymphatic function and drainage patterns using dynamic near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging. Dynamic NIRF imaging following intradermal injection of indocyanine green (ICG) was conducted in C57BL/6 mice prior to inoculation of B16F10 murine melanoma cells to the dorsal foot for baseline data and until 21 days post-implant (p.i.). A series of acquired fluorescent images were quantified to measure lymphatic contractile function. Computed tomography (CT) was also performed to measure the volume of tumor-draining lymph nodes (LNs). In addition, intravital color images using a stereomicroscope were acquired after a skin incision. Then, the PLNs and inguinal LNs (ILNs) were harvested for ex vivo NIRF and intravital color imaging. We observed significant reduction of lymphatic contractility from 7 days p.i. until 21 days p.i.. Altered lymphatic drainage patterns were detected at 21 days p.i., due to lymphatic obstruction of normal lymphatic drainages caused by extensive tumor invasion of draining LNs. Magnified fluorescent images of tumor-draining lymphatic vessels showed numerous fluorescent lymphatic vessels at day 21 p.i. as compared to well-defined fluorescent vessels from a baseline image. Our CT data showed enlarged tumor-draining PLNs at 21 days p.i. and intravital images confirmed the PLN harbored melanoma cells. Overlay of white light and fluorescent images of dissected LNs showed strong ICG fluorescence in the ILN and to less extent in the PLN on the tumor bearing side, indicating significantly reduced lymph flow to the PLN due to blockage of normal lymph flow by tumor in the PLN. Since lymphatic function and architecture were progressively altered during tumor growth and metastasis, non-invasive NIRF imaging may provide a new method to stage disease. In addition, this novel technique can be used as a diagnostic method to non-invasively assess lymphatic response as mechanism of therapeutic action. Citation Format: Sunkuk Kwon, Germaine Agollah, Grace Wu, Sevick Sevick-Muraca. Direct visualization of changes of lymphatic function and drainage pathways in lymph node metastasis of B16F10 melanoma using near-infrared fluorescence imaging. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr A43.
Feasibility of stomach exploration with a guided capsule endoscope
Authors: J. Rey, H. Ogata, N. Hosoe, K. Ohtsuka, N. Ogata, K. Ikeda, H. Aihara, I. Pangtay, T. Hibi, S. Kudo, H. Tajiri
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Background and study aims: Video capsule endoscopy has been established in diagnosis of small-bowel disease and has been evaluated for esophageal pathology and recently for colorectal diagnostics. Gastric capsule endoscopy has not hitherto been feasible due to the stomach's large surface area and volume. We present the first application of a magnetically navigated capsule in the human stomach.
NON-SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF TYPE A ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE INTERNATIONAL REGISTRY OF ACUTE AORTIC DISSECTION (IRAD)
Authors: Shyamli Sinha, Santi Trimarchi, Daniel Montgomery, Elise Woznicki, David Corteville, Adam Rogers, Himanshu Patel, Anna Booher, Christoph A. Nienaber, Mark Peterson, Reed Pyeritz, Eva Kline-Rogers, Eduardo Bossone, Thomas T. Tsai, Kim A. Eagle
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Deaths after Fluad flu vaccine and the epidemic of panic in Italy
Authors: C. Signorelli, A. Odone, M. Conversano, P. Bonanni
Journal: BMJ (2015)

As the flu season reaches its peak, we report the detrimental effects of poorly managed risk communication.1

On 27 November 2014, the Italian Medicines Agency suspended, as a precautionary measure, the use of two batches of Fluad flu vaccine after three post-vaccination deaths (in people aged 87, 79, and 68 years) reported through the Network of Pharmacovigilance were deemed to be associated with the vaccine. …
Meigs' Syndrome— Or Meigs-Salmon?
Authors: Saul Solomon
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To The Editor.—</h3> Meigs' Syndrome is a condition in which certain benign tumors of the ovary are associated with ascites and hydrothorax, resembling a malignant tumor with metastases. The condition is important out of proportion to its incidence because it is easily curable if recognized. Most clinicians are apt to lump all benign tumors of the female pelvis associated with pleural effusions together under the term Meigs' syndrome. This would be historically inaccurate as we pointed out in a recent article in the<i>Archives of Internal Medicine</i>.<sup>1</sup>We described two patients who had fibromyomas of the uterus with hemothorax and were cured by hysterectomy. They do not fit the criteria for Meigs' syndrome and yet they belong nowhere else. Meigs restricted the syndrome to certain benign ovarian tumors.<sup>2,3</sup>He did not include benign tumors of the uterus in his definition of the syndrome that bears his name. Salmon
Inflammatory macrophage migration requires MMP-9 activation by plasminogen in mice
Authors: Yanqing Gong, Erika Hart, Aleksey Shchurin, Jane Hoover-Plow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

Inflammation plays a critical role in the development of cardiovascular diseases. Infiltration of leukocytes to sites of injury requires their exit from the blood and migration across basement membrane; this process has been postulated to require remodeling of the ECM. Plasminogen (Plg) is a protease that binds to the ECM and, upon conversion to plasmin, degrades multiple ECM proteins. In addition, plasmin directly activates MMPs. Here, we used Plg(-/-) mice to investigate the role of Plg in inflammatory leukocyte migration. After induction of peritonitis by thioglycollate injection, we found that Plg(-/-) mice displayed diminished macrophage trans-ECM migration and decreased MMP-9 activation. Furthermore, injection of the active form of MMP-9 in Plg(-/-) mice rescued macrophage migration in this model. We used periaortic application of CaCl2 to induce abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and found that Plg(-/-) mice displayed reduced macrophage infiltration and were protected from aneurysm formation. Administration of active MMP-9 to Plg(-/-) mice promoted macrophage infiltration and the development of AAA. These data suggest that Plg regulates macrophage migration in inflammation via activation of MMP-9, which, in turn, regulates the ability of the cells to migrate across ECM. Thus, targeting the Plg/MMP-9 pathway may be an attractive approach to regulate inflammatory responses and AAA development.
The job and the exam
Authors: S. Paul
Journal: BMJ (1999)

There is continual conflict between the demands of the job - whether it is a senior house officer or a specialist registrar post - with the commitment to pass examinations. Both are required to progress in your career; ideally, they should complement each other, the training enabling you to pass examinations and the knowledge acquired to pass examinations improving clinical management. Although trainee posts ought to provide adequate training to pass the necessary examinations, in reality this is not the case. Trainees are expected to prepare for examinations on their own with minimal help from the system. There are fixed teaching sessions in most hospitals which should be adequate to teach trainees to pass examinations. Unfortunately, most of these sessions are not organised properly to fit the needs of the examinees. They are often poorly attended because of service commitments. The duty hours are quite long (64-72 hours a week in most places, 56 hours a week in a few), leaving little personal time for trainees. Prospective cover can make things still more intense. Left with limited personal time, trainees have got two options - to work part time or to manage their time very effectively. Working part time may be acceptable to some, but the drawbacks are less pay and delay in completion of training and consequent progress in career. To most trainees, it is not an acceptable option. Therefore, they have to manage their own learning time out of the system.

### Preparing for an examination 

Once you have decided to take the examination, you need to plan your preparation. An hour of planning can save two of misdirected work. It is an illusion that there is not enough time: the reality is that the available time is mismanaged. It is not necessarily true that the harder you work, the more you will …
Influence of early-life exposures on food sensitization and food allergy in an inner-city birth cohort
Authors: Emily C. McGowan, Gordon R. Bloomberg, Peter J. Gergen, Cynthia M. Visness, Katy F. Jaffee, Megan Sandel, George O'Connor, Meyer Kattan, James Gern, Robert A. Wood
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2014)
983-37 Percutaneous Inoue Endovascular Graft for Treatment of Canine Aortic Dissection. Assessment by Intravascular Ultrasound Imaging (IVUS)
Authors: Than Htay, Hisayoshi Fujiwara, Masaru Tanaka, Mitsuru Sato, Kanji Inoue, Shigetake Sasayama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)