tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Seborrhoeic keratoses and acanthosis nigricans in a long-term survivor of thanatophoric dysplasia
Authors: K. Nakai, K. Yoneda, T. Moriue, A. Munehiro, N. Fujita, J. Moriue, I. Yokoi, R. Haba, S. Itoh, Y. Kubota
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Seborrhoeic keratoses and acanthosis nigricans in a long‐term survivor of thanatophoric dysplasia Get access K. Nakai, K. Nakai Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Yoneda, K. Yoneda Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Moriue, T. Moriue Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Munehiro, A. Munehiro Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Fujita, N. Fujita Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Moriue, J. Moriue Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Yokoi, I. Yokoi Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Haba, R. Haba Clinical Pathology, and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Itoh, S. Itoh Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750‐1 Ikenobe, Miki‐Cho, Kita‐Gun, Kagawa, Japan 761‐0793 E‐mail: kozo@kms.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y. Kubota Y. Kubota Departments of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 163, Issue 3, 1 September 2010, Pages 656–658, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09879.x Published: 01 September 2010
The Comparison of Clinical Characteristics and Courses of Pediatric Patients Hospitalized with Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) and Seasonal Influenza from 2009 to 2011
Authors: Yonghan Sun, SongI Yang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:  Pandemic influenza viruses have caused significant morbidity and mortality. Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) was detected in April 2009 and caused worldwide outbreak.   Objectives: We wanted to investigate the differences in clinical characteristics and courses between pandemic and seasonal influenzas.   Methods:  We reviewed the medical records of pediatric patients, (≤18 years) with influenza hospitalized to Gachon University Gil Medical Center in Korea from the 1 April 2009 to the 31 August 2011.   Results:  Two hundred twenty-six patients with pandemic influenza and 118 patients with seasonal influenza were included. Age, sex, and proportion of underlying diseases were similar between the two groups. Hypoxemia, shortness of breath, and tachypnea were more common in pandemic influenza.( P  P    Conclusion: Pandemic influenza caused more frequently lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia. However, the courses of pandemic influenza were not different from those of seasonal influenza; probably, due to the effects of several factors, including antiviral therapy.
Comparison between presence of respiratory symptoms and peak expiratory flow (PEF) values <80% predicted as screening tools for obstructive airways diseases (OAD)
Authors: Monica Barne, Komalkirti Apte, Sushmeeta Chhowala, Basant Pachisia, Bill Brashier, Sapna Madas, Jaideep Gogtay, Sundeep Salvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

When screening large populations for OADs, it is not known whether respiratory symptoms or PEF is a better predictor.   Aim:  To compare predictive values of presence of respiratory symptoms vs PEF values    Methods:  7154 employees from 24 bus depots and 7 cities and towns of Andhra Pradesh State in India were administered a respiratory health questionnaire and performed peak flow metry using an EU scale Peak Flow Meter (Breathometer, Cipla Ltd. India). Subjects with presence of at least one respiratory symptom and/or PEF values    Results:  Of the 3348 subjects who performed spirometry, 1433 had PEF  80% predicted (Group B) and 1169 had both PEF    Conclusion:  PEF values
Investigation of neuromuscular transmission in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A preliminary report
Authors: Yuksel Kaplan, Gazi Gulbas, Hilal Ermis, Ozden Kamisli, Suat Kamisli, Cemal Ozcan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is accepted as a systemic disease that affects all systems of the body. There is growing awareness about systemic inflammation and cardiovascular, neurologic, psychiatric, and endocrine comorbidities associated with COPD. Various studies of patients with CODP affecting both the central and and peripheral nervous system, either sequentially or simultaneously, have been reported by electrophysiological studies. Single-fiber electromyography (SFEMG) is an electrophysiological technique of great value in the assessment of neuromuscular disorders. The aim of study was to delineate any dysfunction of NMT by SFEMG in COPD patients.

Methods: Sixteen COPD patients without evident clinical signs of muscle involvement and 16 healthy controls underwent SFEMG. Ten to 20 different potential pairs were recorded and individual jitter values calculated. The results obtained from patients were compared with those from the controls.

Results: Of 201 individual jitter values of the patients, 15 (7.4 %) were abnormally high, whereas only 1/165 (0.6 %) jitter values from normal subjects were abnormal. Abnormal NMT was found in 6/16 (37.5 %) patients, but in none of the control subjects.

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that subclinical NMT abnormality is present in COPD patients. To our knowledge, this is the first study to explore NMT abnormality in patients with COPD, and we believe that further comprehensive studies are needed to clarify whether patients with NMT abnormality have different clinical/laboratory characteristics and prognosis than patients with normal NMT.
Prediction of high naevus count in a healthy U.K. population to estimate melanoma risk
Authors: S. Ribero, D. Zugna, S. Osella-Abate, D. Glass, P. Nathan, T. Spector, V. Bataille
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Despite recent discoveries of germline and somatic mutations in melanoma, naevus count remains the most important risk factor for melanoma. Counting naevi on the whole body is time consuming. In order to identify patients at risk for melanoma, many studies have used naevus count on selected body sites as a proxy for total body naevus count (TBNC).The main aim of this study was to assess the predictive value of naevus count on 17 different body sites in estimating TBNC in a large cohort of healthy U.K. Caucasian female subjects. Once the site with the best predictive value for TBNC was determined, a second aim was to estimate the cut-off values of naevus counts at this anatomical site that best predict the presence of 50 or 100 naevi, respectively.The most predictive body site for TBNC was assessed in a cohort of healthy female twins. This finding was replicated on a control group from a U.K. case-control study and a prediction model was performed afterwards. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was used to evaluate the best cut-off for the prediction of having a TBNC of more than 50 or 100.There were 3694 female twins included. The TBNC showed a steady decline after the age of 30 years (P < 0·001). The most predictive sites for TBNC were the arms and legs: the adjusted correlation coefficients were 0·50 and 0·51 (P < 0·001) for the right and left arm, respectively, and 0·49 and 0·48 for the right and left legs, respectively (P < 0·001). The arm remained the most predictive site for TBNC when replicated in a control population including both sexes. In the twin study, women with more than 11 naevi on the right arm were approximately nine times more likely to have more than 100 naevi (odds ratio = 9·38, 95% confidence interval 6·71-13·11).The ability to estimate TBNC quickly by counting naevi on one arm could be a very useful tool in assessing melanoma risk in primary care.
Bolaamphiphiles as carriers for siRNA delivery: From chemical syntheses to practical applications
Authors: Kshitij Gupta, Kirill A. Afonin, Mathias Viard, Virginia Herrero, Wojciech Kasprzak, Ioannis Kagiampakis, Taejin Kim, Alexey Y. Koyfman, Anu Puri, Marissa Stepler, Alison Sappe, Vineet N. KewalRamani, Sarina Grinberg, Charles Linder, Eliahu Heldman, Robert Blumenthal, Bruce A. Shapiro
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
Microtubule‐Binding Proteins as Promising Biomarkers of Paclitaxel Sensitivity in Cancer Chemotherapy
Authors: Songbo Xie, Angela Ogden, Ritu Aneja, Jun Zhou
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2015)

Microtubules, tirelessly animated and highly dynamic structures, are vital for most cellular processes and their intricacies are still being revealed even after a century since their discovery. The importance of microtubules as chemotherapeutic targets cannot be overstated, and their clinical role is unlikely to abate in the near future. Indeed, improved understanding of microtubule biology could herald a new epoch of anticancer drug design by permitting fine-tuning of microtubule-targeting agents, the clinical utility of which is presently often limited by primary or acquired resistance. Paclitaxel, one such agent belonging to the taxane family, has proven a resoundingly successful treatment for many cancer patients; however, for too many others with paclitaxel-refractory tumors, the drug has offered nothing but side effects. Accumulating evidence suggests that microtubule-binding proteins (MBPs) can regulate paclitaxel sensitivity in a wide range of cancer types. Improved understanding of how these proteins can be assayed to predict treatment responses or manipulated pharmacologically to improve clinical outcomes could transform modern chemotherapy and is urgently awaited.
Vinorelbine as neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced cervical carcinoma.
Authors: J A Lacava, B A Leone, M Machiavelli, A O Romero, J E Perez, Y L Elem, R Ferreyra, G Focaccia, G Suttora, M A Salvadori, M A Cuevas, L R Acuña, J R Acuña, M Langhi, S Amato, J Castaldi, A Arroyo, C T Vallejo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of vinorelbine (VNB) as single-agent neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced cervical carcinoma (ACC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between December 1993 and October 1995, 43 untreated patients with stages IIB to IVA squamous cell cervical cancer were entered onto this study. Forty-two patients are assessable for response and 43 for toxicity. The median age was 46 years (range, 28 to 65). Distribution by stages (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics [FIGO]) was as follows: IIB, 18 patients; IIIA, one; IIIB, 19; and IVA, five. Therapy consisted of VNB 30 mg/m2 by 20-minute intravenous (IV) infusion repeated weekly for 12 injections and followed by radical surgery if feasible or definitive radiotherapy. Both staging and response assessment were performed by a multidisciplinary team. RESULTS One patient was considered not assessable for response. A total of 493 cycles of therapy were administered and objective remissions were observed in 19 of 42 patients (45%; 95% confidence interval, 30% to 60%). Two patients (5%) had a complete response (CR) and 17 (40%) a partial response (PR); no change (NC) was observed in 16 (38%) and progressive disease (PD) in seven (17%). Six of 19 patients (32%) who achieved objective responses (ORs) underwent surgery. The median time to failure and median survival time have not been reached yet. There were no therapy-related deaths. The dose-limiting toxicity was myelosuppression. Leukopenia occurred in 35 patients (81%) and was grade 3 or 4 in seven (17%). Twelve patients (28%) developed peripheral neuropathy, while myalgias occurred in 10 (23%). Constipation was observed in nine patients (21%), one with a prolonged ileum. Phlebitis was recorded in 18 patients (41%). In contrast, emesis and mucositis were rarely observed. No patient developed alopecia grade 3. By the end of the twelfth course of treatment, the average received dose-intensity was 85.4% of that projected. CONCLUSION VNB is an active drug against ACC with moderate toxicity. Its activity is among the highest reported for single agents. Further evaluation in association with other agents is clearly justified.
Immunohistochemical Demonstration of Pyloric Gland-Type Cells With Low-Pepsinogen Isozyme 1 in Preneoplastic and Neoplastic Tissues of Rat Stomachs Treated With &lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-Methyl-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;′-nitro-&lt;italic&gt;N&lt;/italic&gt;-nitrosoguanidine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: M Tatematsu, C Furihata, T Katsuyama, Y Mera, T Inoue, T Matsushima, N Ito
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The appearance of pyloric gland-type cells with a low pepsinogen isozyme 1 (Pg 1) content in the stomach mucosa of F344/Du rats during stomach carcinogenesis was examined by a combination of paradoxical concanavalin A (Con A) staining and immunohistochemical staining for Pg 1. Male F344 rats were given drinking water containing 100 micrograms N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine [(MNNG) CAS: 70-25-7]/ml for 30 weeks and then normal tap water and were killed in week 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, or 70. Untreated rats were killed in week 30 or 70. Serial sections of pyloric mucosa were stained by paradoxical Con A staining and Pg 1 immunostaining. After MNNG treatment, tissues showing changes were classified into normal-looking pyloric mucosa with a low Pg 1 content, mucosa showing atrophic or hyperplastic changes, adenomatous hyperplasia, and adenocarcinoma. From the results of paradoxical Con A staining and Pg 1 immunostaining, the cells in lesions were classified into gastric types (surface mucous cell type and pyloric gland cell type) and intestinal types (intestinal-absorptive cell type and goblet cell type). In this experiment, the cells in lesions were mainly of the gastric cell types. All pyloric glands of control rats in weeks 30 and 70 contained class III mucins and had a high Pg 1 content demonstrated immunohistochemically. After MNNG treatment, class III mucin-positive pyloric glands with a low Pg 1 content in normal-looking pyloric mucosa were found from week 10; subsequently, their number increased with time. Changed mucosa was found from week 20, and the area of cells of the pyloric gland cell type with little or no Pg 1 in changed mucosa was about 30% of the area of cells of the pyloric gland cell type. Adenomatous hyperplasias were found from week 30; adenocarcinomas were found from week 50. Almost all cells of the pyloric gland cell type (greater than 95%) in areas of adenomatous hyperplasia and adenocarcinomas had little or no Pg 1 content. The present results suggested that the appearance of pyloric glands with a low Pg 1 content in normal-looking mucosa might be an immunohistochemically detectable preneoplastic change preceding morphologically detectable preneoplastic changes in stomach carcinogenesis.
<scp>D</scp>rug‐induced thrombotic microangiopathy: <scp>E</scp>xperience of the <scp>O</scp>klahoma registry and the BloodCenter of <scp>W</scp>isconsin
Authors: Jessica A. Reese, Daniel W. Bougie, Brian R. Curtis, Deirdra R Terrell, Sara K. Vesely, Richard H. Aster, James N. George
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Many drugs have been reported to cause thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA), often described as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or hemolytic‐uremic syndrome (HUS). We recently established criteria to evaluate the evidence for a causal association of a drug with TMA and then we systematically reviewed all published reports of drug‐induced TMA (DITMA) to determine the level of evidence supporting a causal association of the suspected drug with TMA. On the basis of this experience, we used these evaluation criteria to assess the Oklahoma TTP‐HUS Registry patients who had been previously categorized as drug‐induced, 1989–2014. We also reviewed the experience of the BloodCenter of Wisconsin with testing for drug‐dependent antibodies reactive with platelets and neutrophils in patients with suspected immune‐mediated DITMA, 1988–2014. Among 58 patients in the Oklahoma Registry previously categorized as drug‐induced (15 suspected drugs), 21 patients (three drugs: gemcitabine, pentostatin, quinine) had evidence supporting a definite association with TMA; 19 (90%) of the 21 patients had quinine‐induced TMA. The BloodCenter of Wisconsin tested 40 patients with suspected DITMA (eight drugs); drug‐dependent antibodies, supporting a definite association with TMA, were identified in 30 patients (three drugs: oxaliplatin, quinine, vancomycin); 28 (93%) of the 30 patients had quinine‐induced TMA. Combining the data from these two sources, 51 patients (five drugs) have been identified with evidence supporting a definite association with TMA. DITMA was attributed to quinine in 47 (92%) of these 51 patients. Am. J. Hematol. 90:406–410, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Abstract 2723: Large Genomic Deletions in Plakophilin-2 are a Rare Cause of ARVD/C and ARVD/C-like Disease.
Authors: Jasper J van der Smagt, Moniek G Cox, Marcel R Nelen, J P van Tintelen, Marc M Entius, A C Wiesfeld, I C van Gelder, Gert J de Jong, Pieter Doevendans, Richard N Hauer
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: Plakophilin-2 (PKP2) is the major genetic determinant of ARVD/C in the Netherlands. Mutations have been found in 43 out of 82 index cases (52%), diagnosed in accordance with the 1994 Task Force criteria (TFC). A total of 15 different mutations were detected, most of them nonsense (7), frameshift (2) and splice mutations (3), suggesting haploinsufficiency (loss of function) of PKP2 as the predominant mechanism in the etiology of ARVD/C. Since many of these mutations are probably functional null alleles, it was hypothesized that large deletions within - or encompassing - the PKP2 gene can also predispose to ARVD/C. Aim: to determine whether large deletions in PKP2 underlie apparently PKP2 negative ARVD/C cases. Methods: a multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification kit was developed to determine copy number of all 14 exons of the PKP2 gene. In total 120 patients were included that had been referred for PKP2 testing, and that had tested negative with direct sequencing or denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Twenty-six patients had definite ARVD/C (TFC: ≥ 4 pts), 11 patients scored 3 pts and 83 patients scored less than 3 pts or had insufficient clinical data. Results: a single deletion was detected encompassing the first 4 exons and promoter region of the PKP2 gene. The patient, a 35 year old male, had experienced near-syncope during exercise. Mild dilation of the right ventricle (1 pt), negative T-waves in V1-V5 (1 pt) and short VT’s with LBBB morphology during exercise testing were found (1 pt). There were frequent PVC’s. The father also carried the deletion. A third degree paternal relative died suddenly at age 28 during exercise. Conclusion: large genomic deletions of PKP2, that go unnoticed with sequencing, can cause ARVD/C-like disease. Comprehensive testing of PKP2 should include assessment of copy number. However, the frequency of large deletions seems to be low. Since the detected deletion includes the promoter and the transcription initiation site, no protein can be derived from the affected allele. This patient demonstrates that complete loss of one PKP2 allele does not necessarily lead to more severe ARVD/C. This is in keeping with the concept of haploinsufficiency and the assumption that many PKP2 mutations cause functional null alleles.
Dietary Relationships With Fatal Colorectal Cancer Among Seventh-Day Adventists&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R L Phillips, D A Snowdon
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Associations between fatal colon or colorectal cancer and frequency of use of meat, cheese, milk, eggs, green salad, and coffee, as well as percent desirable weight, are described with the use of 21 years of follow-up for 25,493 white California Seventh-Day Adventists. Associations are presented in terms of relative risk (RR) of colorectal cancer for heavy or light exposure versus rare exposure. There were no clear relationships evident between colon or rectal cancer and meat, cheese, milk, or green salad use. Egg use was positively associated with risk of fatal colon cancer in both males (RR = 1.6) and females (RR = 1.7). Coffee use was positively associated with both colon and rectal cancer mortality in males and females, particularly for colon cancer during the last 11 years of follow-up (male RR = 3.5; female RR = 1.9). Overweight (percent of desirable weight greater than or equal to 125) was associated with an increased risk of fatal rectal cancer in both sexes combined (RR = 2.8) and colon cancer in males only (RR = 3.3). Furthermore, eggs, coffee, and overweight appear to be independently associated with risk of both colon and colorectal cancer. These three factors may explain a substantial portion of the colorectal cancer mortality differential between Adventists and U.S. whites (62% for males; 30% for females).
The effect of N acetyl-de-O-sulphated heparin on leukocyte diapedesis in vivo
Authors: Yanira Riffo-Vasquez, Alysha Somani, Clive Page
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

It has been shown that heparin can exhibit anti-inflammatory activity independent of its anti-coagulant activity. However, little is known about the precise mechanisms underlying this anti-inflammatory activity. We have therefore investigated the activity of some heparin related compounds on rolling, adhesion and diapedesis of leukocytes in the airways. Methods : N-Acetyl-de-O-Sulphated Heparin (NSH) (20mg/kg) was given orally 30 min prior 10 µg/mice of intranasal instillation or subcutaneous injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in Balb/c mice. Animals were prepared for intravital microscopy of the trachea 4h later. Results : Mice exhibited higher numbesr of cells rolling (cells x 100µm2) along the vessel wall in 30 sec in response to LPS in the cremaster muscle and tracheal tissue (sal:0.5 ± 0.2 vs LPS: 3.4±0.4; sal:2.5±0.3 vs LPS 15.3± 2.4, respectively; n =5, p < 0.05). LPS also induced a significant increase in the number of adherent cells to the vessel wall in both tissues (sal:0.2 ± 0.2 vs LPS: 12.4±2.4; sal:0.5±0.3 vs LPS 12.3± 1.4, cremaster muscle and trachea, respectively; n =5, p < 0.05). Pre-treatment with NSH significantly inhibited rolling of cells in the tracheal tissue, but not in the cremaster muscle (LPS/NSH: 6.2 ± 1.9, n=5; p < 0.05 vs LPS alone). Conversely, pre-treatment with NSH significantly altered adhesion of leukocytes to the vessel wall in the cremaster muscle, but not in the tracheal tissue (LPS/NSH: 4.2 ± 0.2, n=5; p < 0.05 vs LPS alone). Conclusion: The effect of NSH on leukocyte diapedesis is tissue dependent and confirms the ability of heparin like molecules lacking anti-coagulant activity having anti-inflammatory activity.