tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INJURY TO THE VESSELS IN DISLOCATION OF THE SHOULDER
Authors: W. H. Battle
Journal: BMJ (1909)

AJUA "I 77In the earlier experiments (three in number) the lymphocytes increased somewhat after the onset of rickets, while in the later ones (five in number) the poly- morphs underwent the increase, but in two of these latter cases a bronchopneumonia was discovered after death, and ,probably accounted for the leucocytosis.Thus experimental rickets is not necessarily accompanied by any anaemia, and when anaemia does appear it is, as a rule, of minor degree, and may frequently be -accounted for by some complication.There may or may not be a leucocytosis, and this also when it occurs may be the result of some complication.It can at least be truly said that in the blood of animals suffering from rickets there is no marked pathological change and absolutely nothing characteristic.It is thus seen that these experimental results are in entire accordance with those obtained in the cases of spontaneous rickets, and which I have briefly reviewed above.Of 30 children suffering from active and uncom- ,plicated rickets, only 9 presented anaemia, in not one of *which was the number of red cells less than 4,100,000 c.mm.As a rule, however, the blood estimations were abnormally high.Nucleated red cells were exceedingly rare.In only 2 of the cases was there an unequivocal leucocytosis, '9 presented a leucopenia, and 19 a slight increase in the number of white cells.
GLOBIN UTILIZATION BY THE ANEMIC DOG TO FORM NEW HEMOGLOBIN
Authors: F. S. Robscheit-Robbins, G. H. Whipple
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1937)

It has been shown that the standard anemic dog can use sheep, goose or dog hemoglobin when given by vein and return quantitatively its equivalent as new dog hemoglobin within the red cells. Globin at times can be used when given by vein with a quantitative return of new hemoglobin in red cells in these same anemic dogs. Again the administration of globin by vein will inhibit the expected hemoglobin formation; and we believe the toxic effect of the globin is responsible. A digest of globin may be used by the anemic dog to form new hemoglobin. Globin from both horse and dog have been tested and seem to react in identical fashion. The globin radicle of hemoglobin appears to be an important limiting factor in abundant hemoglobin building in this type of anemia due to blood loss. Globin fed by mouth is well utilized to form new hemoglobin and we may record a 30 to 40 per cent utilization or a return of 30 to 40 gm. new hemoglobin from the feeding of 100 gm. globin. This is to be compared with the utilization of liver protein-an average return of 13 gm. new hemoglobin for the feeding of 100 gm. liver protein.
EFFECTS OF ACIDIC AZOPROTEINS ON PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS AND ON THE HEPARIN-ACTIVATED CLEARING SYSTEM
Authors: J. D. Broome
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

When injected into the rabbit 3 acidic azoproteins produced marked changes in the blood triglyceride levels. 4-Arsonophenylazoproteins, which were found to act similarly in 2 other mammalian species, produced a gross and prolonged hyperlipemia. 4-sulfono- and 4-carboxyphenylazoproteins in the rabbit produced an initial elevation and later lowering in blood triglyceride levels. The correlation between these changes and the action of the azoproteins on clearing factor lipase provides further evidence for the importance of this enzyme in fat transport mechanisms. 4-Arsonophenylazoprotein is powerfully inhibitory to the lipase. 4-Carboxy- and 4-sulfonophenylazoprotein in vivo initially inhibit the enzyme and later produce a heparin-like activation.
Case against paediatric cardiologist will go ahead without him after his refusal to attend
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Philipp Bonhoeffer, former head of cardiology at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London, will not appear or defend himself at a Medical Practitioners Tribunal Service (MPTS) hearing into allegations of sexual impropriety with boys in Kenya, it has emerged.

Bonhoeffer has snubbed the hearing, due to start in Manchester on 3 September before the new MPTS, which has taken over the role of the General Medical Council’s fitness to practise panels. He has instructed his lawyers to take no further part in the case brought against him by the GMC.

The allegations concern periods that Bonhoeffer, described by the GMC as “an internationally renowned paediatric cardiologist,” spent in Kenya with the Chain of …
Diagnostic Value of the First Derivative of the Arterial Pressure Pulse in Aortic Valve Disease and in Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis.
Authors: Dean T. Mason
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 October 1964Diagnostic Value of the First Derivative of the Arterial Pressure Pulse in Aortic Valve Disease and in Hypertrophic Subaortic Stenosis.Dean T. Mason, M.D., Eugene Braunwald, M.D., F.A.C.P.Dean T. Mason, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Eugene Braunwald, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-61-4-801_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSince the rate at which systemic arterial pressure rises is determined in part by the instantaneous velocity of left ventricular ejection, it was thought that determination of the rate of change of arterial pressure (dp/dt) might be of diagnostic value in patients with various forms of obstruction to left ventricular outflow. Arterialdp/dtwas continuoulsy computed by means of an electronic differentiating circuit. To avoid the artifacts inherent in pressures measured by conventional systems, brachial artery tracings were obtained by puncture with a needle attached directly to a pressure transducer without intervening tubing. The peakdp/dtaveraged 1091 ± 66... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bethesda, Md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1964Volume 61, Issue 4Page: 801-801KeywordsAortic valveArteriesBlood pressureHeart rateStenosis Issue Published: 1 October 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Dipyridamole: a Controlled Trial of its Effect in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: A. E. Gent, C. G. D. Brook, T. H. Foley, T. N. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1968)

A controlled trial of oral dipyridamole in 103 patients with acute myocardial infarction showed no difference in the number of complications or deaths in either the control or the treated groups. It is concluded that dipyridamole has no benefit in acute myocardial infarction.
S34 Management of chronic cough in primary care
Authors: R Mackley, T Schatzberger, SM Parker
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> Chronic cough is a common symptom in primary care. There appears to be significant variation in investigation and empirical treatment prior to referral on to secondary care. We looked at; a) Investigation/treatment undertaken prior to referral to secondary care and b) a survey of how GPs manage cough. <h3>Method</h3> The study consisted of; a) Retrospective review of referrals (January 2012-January 2013) to a secondary care cough clinic and b) an online questionnaire on cough distributed to colleagues in primary care. <h3>Results</h3> Of the primary care referrals, 47/58 casenotes were available (mean age was 59(27–84), 63% female). Only 4/47(8.7%) were current smokers. Median duration of symptoms at referral was 7 months (2–420), 35/47(74.5%) had a chest X-Ray prior to referral, 18/47(39.1%) spirometry, 3/47 had used ACE inhibitors. Most investigations performed prior to referral were normal. Empirical treatment attempted included; antireflux therapy 23/47(50%), inhaled corticosteroids 12/47(26.1%) and nasal steroids 9/47(19.6%). Various other treatments were used (including cough suppressants, antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists and antibiotics) in 22/47(46%). Only 16/51(31%) of questionnaire respondents were aware of published cough guidelines. Most respondents were aware of the definition of chronic cough (37/51(72.5%)). When asked to list the 3 commonest causes of chronic cough, asthma was identified by 33 (64.7%), GORD by 38 (74.5%) and rhinitis/post-nasal drip by 20 (39.2%). Treatments most commonly initiated included acid suppression (PPI's) 33/51(64.7%), nasal spray 18/51(35.3%) and inhaled steroids 4/51(7.8%). The majority of patients do not get referred on to secondary care; 34/51(66.6%) of respondents estimate they refer less than 10% of cases. Referral was usually triggered by the following factors - unclear diagnosis, failed treatment, patient concern or abnormal tests. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Many patients are referred on to secondary care without basic investigations and appropriate trials of recommended therapy. Knowledge of chronic cough in primary care is limited and most GPs are unaware of published guidelines. Increased education and awareness of cough guidelines could improve management of cough in the community. This is a topic that requires further systematic study as there is very little research in this area.
An Address ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF SOME OF THE SYMPTOMS OF APPENDICITIS, FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE URGENCY OF OPERATION: Read before the Dorset and West Hants Branch of the British Medical Association
Authors: C. M. Moullin
Journal: BMJ (1908)

MY first wish is to offer you mny cordial thanks for the .honouryou have done me in asking mi-e to come down and give an address before such an imnportant Division of the Association.My next is to try and give you some explaniation for bringing before youL so trite and well-worn a -subject.The reason is a very simple one.Though I have -operated upon many hundred cases, I have very rarely -come across one that has not taught me something; and to 'my mind it is still one of the miiost difficult questions in surgery to know the moment at which operation gives the -patient the best clhance of speedy recovery.Moreover, everyone has had some experience in connexion witlh appendicitis, and there is plentv of rooni for difference of -opinion.So far as 1 can see, the only way in which it is possible in any individual case to come to a right decision -is to try and form from the symiiptoms a clear mental -picture of the actual pathological changes that are taking place in and around the structure concerned, to visualize the appendix, as it were, lying in the peritoneal cavity, and this is what I shall attempt to do to-day.I need not say anything about the general causation of -inflammation of the appendix.Everyonle is agreed that the actual exciting cause is always and everywhere septic organisms, and that they always invade the appendix from the mucous surface.Fatigue, exhaustioni, and cold may help by lowering the resistance of the patient's tissues.Sterco- liths, foreign bodies, old adhesions, strictures, etc., may help by the way in which they favour the growth and retention of the septic organisms.But the actual excitino cause is always the sam-e-a culture of septic organisms either growing in the appendix, or spreading into it from the neighbouring intestine.Sometimes they do little or no harm.Sometimes they merely cause inflammation of the mucous surface.But sometimes, when specially virulent, or when helped by other agencies, they spread into the wall, causing sloughing or gangrene wherever they go.They are the cause, and it is the position of the appendix, lying, as it does, covered witb peritoneum in the general peritoneal cavity, that makes the consequences so serious.The ideal in operating is to prevent these con- sequences; not to wait until they have occurred; but to 'remove the cause before the infection has spread. PAIN.A. General Premonitory.In aln acute attack the first thing of which a patient -nearly always complains is pain, startinig in the right iliac
Radiography of Infants and Children
Authors: Edward B. Singleton
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The second edition of Dr. Darling's book,<i>Radiography of Infants and Children</i>, should be a welcome addition to all radiologists whose patients include the pediatric age group. Although many of the x-ray procedures described in this new edition require sophisticated radiographic equipment usually found in the modern hospital, many of the examinations can be performed on an outpatient basis in the radiologist's office. This new edition includes a description of radiographic procedures for special studies including voiding cystourethrography, and also includes a description of dental radiography in children. The book is well illustrated and complete in all details, including multiple exposure factor tables for both infants and children. The radiologist in the general hospital where there are pediatric beds will find the book particularly helpful in regard to the proper positioning of infants for ventriculograms and examination of the mastoids, paranasal sinuses and facial bones, these areas being particularly difficult
Lymphadenectomy for Bladder Cancer at the Time of Radical Cystectomy
Authors: Derya Tilki, Maurizio Brausi, Renzo Colombo, Christopher P. Evans, Yves Fradet, Hans-Martin Fritsche, Seth P. Lerner, Arthur Sagalowsky, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Bernard H. Bochner
Journal: European Urology (2013)
European Court ruling means Germany is likely to need more doctors
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Hospitals in Germany expressed alarm last week after the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg ruled that the hours that doctors spent on call must be considered as part of normal working time. Medical organisations in other European countries were less alarmed, saying that they had already taken account of its likely effect, since the ruling merely confirmed an earlier judgment.

Although some German politicians think that the problem can be met by reorganising work patterns, the German Hospital Society, which represents more than 2000 hospitals, has estimated that another 27 …
Adenovirus-Mediated Expression of a Dominant Negative Ku70 Fragment Radiosensitizes Human Tumor Cells under Aerobic and Hypoxic Conditions
Authors: Fuqiu He, Ligeng Li, Dooha Kim, Bixiu Wen, Xuelong Deng, Philip H. Gutin, Clifton C. Ling, Gloria C. Li
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Ku70 is one component of a protein complex, the Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer, which binds to DNA double-strand breaks and activates DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), leading to DNA damage repair. Our previous work has confirmed that Ku70 is important for DNA damage repair in that Ku70 deficiency compromises the ability of cells to repair DNA double-strand breaks, increases the radiosensitivity of cells, and enhances radiation-induced apoptosis. Because of the radioresistance of some human cancers, particularly glioblastoma, we examined the use of a radio-gene therapy paradigm to sensitize cells to ionizing radiation. Based on the analysis of the structure-function of Ku70 and the crystal structure of Ku70/Ku80 heterodimer, we designed and identified a candidate dominant negative fragment involving an NH2-terminal deletion, and designated it as DNKu70. We generated this mutant construct, stably overexpressed it in Rat-1 cells, and showed that it has a dominant negative effect (i.e., DNKu70 overexpression results in decreased Ku-DNA end-binding activity, and increases radiosensitivity). We then constructed and generated recombinant replication-defective adenovirus, with DNKu70 controlled by the cytomegalovirus promoter, and infected human glioma U-87 MG cells and human colorectal tumor HCT-8 cells. We show that the infected cells significantly express DNKu70 and are greatly radiosensitized under both aerobic and hypoxic conditions. The functional ramification of DNKu70 was further shown in vivo: expression of DNKu70 inhibits radiation-induced DNA-PK catalytic subunit autophosphorylation and prolongs the persistence of γ-H2AX foci. If radiation-resistant tumor cells could be sensitized by down-regulating the cellular level/activity of Ku/DNA-PK, this approach could be evaluated as an adjuvant to radiation therapy. [Cancer Res 2007;67(2):634–42]
LIPOID DEKMATO-ARTHRITIS (RETICULOHISTIOCYTOSIS).
Authors: ALAN LYELL, A. J. CARR
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1959)

Journal Article LIPOID DEKMATO‐ARTHRITIS (RETICULOHISTIOCYTOSIS). Get access ALAN LYELL, ALAN LYELL Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and the University Department of pathology, Aberdeen, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. J. CARR A. J. CARR Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and the University Department of pathology, Aberdeen, Scotland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 71, Issue 1, 1 January 1959, Pages 12–21, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1959.tb13353.x Published: 01 January 1959
Coexistence of functional Kent and Mahaim-type tracts in the pre-excitation syndrome. Demonstration by catheter techniques and epicardial mapping.
Authors: A M Tonkin, F A Dugan, R H Svenson, W C Sealy, A G Wallace, J J Gallagher
Journal: Circulation (1975)

An unusual patient with Ebstein's anomaly of the tricuspid valve and the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is presented. Ventricular pre-excitation related to conduction over both a right posterior Kent bundle and Mahaim fibers coursing from the atrioventricular node to the right ventricle. Two types of supraventricular tachycardia were demonstrable. These were due to re-entry involving antegrade conduction over either the normal or Mahaim paths, and retrograde retrograde conduction via the Kent bundle. Surgical division of the Kent bundle has abolished the clinically debilitating arrhythmias.
Fenfluramine and growth hormone release.
Authors: D L Dunleavy, I Oswald, J A Strong
Journal: BMJ (1973)

fication on this point would be welcome, as well as how the actual trial tablets com- pare with the commercially available.Since comparative trials of different drugs are now more conmnon it seems important to report not only the relative merits of various drugs tested but also the absolute merits in terms of the variables used, as well as to pay close attention to all aspects of methodology.-Iam, etc.
Brucellosis, a Possible Cause of Hydrarthrosis-Reply
Authors: Joseph S. Barr
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I would agree that brucellosis is a possible cause of hydrarthrosis and that it should be included in the differential diagnosis. There can be no question of the diagnosis when the<i>Brucella</i>organism is recovered from the synovial fluid. In the absence of such findings, considerable reservation should be exercised in making the diagnosis.
The Carbenicillin-Gentamicin Combination Against<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>
Authors: RONICA M. KLUGE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

The inhibitory activity of carbenicillin and gentamicin alone and in combination was evaluated against 130 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in concentrations that can be reliably produced in the serum of patients. The antibiotic combination had an increased inhibitory effect against 114 isolates, when compared with the most effective drug alone. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin were less than 40 µg/ml, and a zone of inhibition was produced around the 10-µg gentamicin sensitivity disc for 112 of these 114 isolates. The remaining 16 isolates were not inhibited any better by the combination than by the most effective antibiotic alone. The inhibitory concentrations of carbenicillin for these 16 isolates varied, but each was highly resistant to gentamicin (≥80µg/ml). Fifteen of these 16 isolates produced no zone of inhibition around the 10-µg gentamicin disc. The absence of this zone of inhibition identifies most highly resistant isolates (against which the combination has no increased effect in vitro) and can suggest a need for a change in therapy.
THE QUANTITY OF CHOLESTEROL IN THE BLOOD SERUM OF THE GUINEA PIG AS AN INHERITED CHARACTER; ITS RELATION TO NATURAL RESISTANCE TO TUBERCULOSIS, AND TO TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION
Authors: Richard E. Shope
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

1. Infection with tubercle bacilli of bovine type produced no alteration in the serum cholesterol content in guinea pigs. 2. Certain controlled variations in diet produced no changes in the serum cholesterol content in guinea pigs. 3. Inbred families of guinea pigs known to manifest differing resistances to tuberculosis gave differing serum cholesterol values, but no direct relationship between the two sets of phenomena could be established. 4. It seems probable that in the guinea pig the cholesterol content of the blood serum is influenced by inherited factors.
Continuity is never out of fashion
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Fashion changes (unless you’re a chemistry teacher). Looking at photos, we cringe at what we once wore, but marvel at how much hair we had. Medicine is faddishly fickle, with trendy diagnoses, buzz words, tomahawk tendon hammers, and bow ties. In general practice we once talked of “burnout”—the sense that you become an emotional husk (like being a parent but at work), so overworked that you ceased to function or care. In the 1990s work stress was so intense that it took physical form. We are …
Sudden Death in Familial Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Associated With Calcium Release Channel (Ryanodine Receptor) Leak
Authors: Stephan E. Lehnart, Xander H.T. Wehrens, Päivi J. Laitinen, Steven R. Reiken, Shi-Xiang Deng, Zhenzhuang Cheng, Donald W. Landry, Kimmo Kontula, Heikki Swan, Andrew R. Marks
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Familial polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (FPVT) is characterized by exercise-induced arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death due to missense mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2), an intracellular Ca2+ release channel required for excitation-contraction coupling in the heart.Three RyR2 missense mutations, P2328S, Q4201R, and V4653F, which occur in Finnish families, result in similar mortality rates of approximately 33% by age 35 years and a threshold heart rate of 130 bpm, above which exercise induces ventricular arrhythmias. Exercise activates the sympathetic nervous system, increasing cardiac performance as part of the fight-or-flight stress response. We simulated the effects of exercise on mutant RyR2 channels using protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation. All 3 RyR2 mutations exhibited decreased binding of calstabin2 (FKBP12.6), a subunit that stabilizes the closed state of the channel. After PKA phosphorylation, FPVT-mutant RyR2 channels showed a significant gain-of-function defect consistent with leaky Ca2+ release channels and a significant rightward shift in the half-maximal inhibitory Mg2+ concentration (IC50). Treatment with the experimental drug JTV519 enhanced binding of calstabin2 to RyR2 and normalized channel function.Sympathetic activation during exercise induces ventricular arrhythmias above a threshold heart rate in RyR2 mutation carriers. Simulating the downstream effects of the sympathetic activation by PKA phosphorylation of RyR2 channels containing these FPVT missense mutations produced a consistent gain-of-function defect. RyR2 function and calstabin2 depletion were rescued by JTV519, suggesting stabilization of the RyR2 channel complex may represent a molecular target for the treatment and prevention of exercise-induced arrhythmias and sudden death in these patients.