tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
HUMAN LYMPHOCYTE AND LYMPHOMA HOMING RECEPTORS
Authors: S Jalkanen, N Wu, R F Bargatze, E C Butcher
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1987)

The migration of normal and malignant lymphocytes is controlled in part by selective lymphocyte recognition of high endothelial venules (HEV) at sites of lymphocyte exit from the blood. Recirculating lymphocytes appear to utilize structurally related, yet functionally distinct, 90-kD receptors to interact in an organ-specific manner with HEV in peripheral lymph nodes, in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (Peyer's patches, appendix), and in inflamed joint tissue (synovium). These lymphocyte "homing receptors" constitute a family of glycoprotein endothelial cell recognition elements that regulate the extravasation of circulating normal and neoplastic lymphocytes into different organs of the body, and thus play an important role in determining the characteristics of local immune responses and the patterns of dissemination of lymphoid neoplasms.
Ethics of Research and the Developing Countries
Authors: A. Talerman
Journal: BMJ (1970)

m=> 53vance of potassium to this form of hyper- tension.The patient, a man of 44 with one remaining kidney (right nephrectomy 15 years ago for lithiasis), has been under our care since 1967 with severe hypertension and a raised blood urea.Despite conserva- tive treatment he became semistuporous in November 1968.His blood urea was then 200-300 mg./100 ml., and creatinine clear- ance 2-4 ml./minute.An arteriovenous fistula was established and the patient was put on twice weekly haemodialysis with a R.S.P. Travenol artificial kidney, using Ultra Flo 100 or E X-01 dialysers at a blood flow rate 200-300 ml./minute for six- eight hours.The dialysate concentration consisted of Na 132, acetate 35, Cl 102, Ca 3, Mg 0.8, and K 2.5 mEq/1.His diet contained 50 g.protein, 15-20 mEq of potassium and 70-75 mEq of sodium.He
Mutations in TTBK2, encoding a kinase implicated in tau phosphorylation, segregate with spinocerebellar ataxia type 11
Authors: Henry Houlden, Janel Johnson, Christopher Gardner-Thorpe, Tammaryn Lashley, Dena Hernandez, Paul Worth, Andrew B Singleton, David A Hilton, Janice Holton, Tamas Revesz, Mary B Davis, Paolo Giunti, Nicholas W Wood
Journal: Nature Genetics (2007)
No Evidence for Tissue-Specific Adaptation of Synonymous Codon Usage in Humans
Authors: Marie Sémon, Jean R. Lobry, Laurent Duret
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2005)

It has been proposed that the synonymous codon usage of human tissue-specific genes was under selective pressure to modulate the expression of proteins by codon-mediated translational control (Plotkin, J. B., H. Robins, and A. J. Levine. 2004. Tissue-specific codon usage and the expression of human genes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:12588–12591.) To test this model, we analyzed by internal correspondence analysis the codon usage of 2,126 human tissue-specific genes expressed in 18 different tissues. We confirm that synonymous codon usage differs significantly between the tissues. However, the effect is very weak: the variability of synonymous codon usage between tissues represents only 2.3% of the total codon usage variability. Moreover, this variability is directly linked to isochore-scale (>100 kb) variability of GC-content that affect both coding and introns or intergenic regions. This demonstrates that variations of synonymous codon usage between tissue-specific genes expressed in different tissues are due to regional variations of substitution patterns and not to translational selection.
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors: are they cardioprotective?
Authors: T. Reffelmann, R. A. Kloner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2009)

A growing body of animal studies provides evidence for potential cardioprotective effects of inhibitors of the enzyme phosphodiesterase isoform 5. Infarct size reduction by administration of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors was described in various experimental models of ischaemia and reperfusion. Furthermore, potential beneficial effects were demonstrated in experimental models of congestive heart failure and left ventricular hypertrophy. Some of the observed effects resemble the basic mechanisms of ischaemic pre-conditioning, mimicking both acute and delayed effects. Other effects may be due to action on systemic and cardiac haemodynamics. Mechanisms and signalling pathways, characterized in some of the experimental models, appear to be complex: for instance, the rate of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) synthesis and the functional compartmentalization of intracellular cGMP metabolism as well as interaction with ß-adrenergic and nitric oxide signalling may influence effects in different experimental settings. In this review, we discuss mechanisms, signalling pathways, and experimental limitations and touch on considerations for translation into potentially useful applications in the clinical arena.
Retinal degeneration characterizes a spinocerebellar ataxia mapping to chromosome 3p
Authors: Launce G. Gouw, Craig D. Kaplan, John H. Haines, Kathleen B. Digre, S. Lane Rutledge, Antoni Matilla, Mark Leppert, Huda Y. Zoghbi, Louis J. Ptácek
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Factors responsible for deteriorating glucose tolerance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in Japanese men
Authors: Rie Mitsui, Mitsuo Fukushima, Yuichi Nishi, Naoya Ueda, Haruhiko Suzuki, Ataru Taniguchi, Yoshikatsu Nakai, Toshiko Kawakita, Takeshi Kurose, Yuichiro Yamada, Nobuya Inagaki, Yutaka Seino
Journal: Metabolism (2005)
Letter: International units and standards for proteins.
Authors: J R Hobbs, J W Keyser, J Kohn, A M Ward
Journal: BMJ (1976)

about 1 cm without discoloration or tenderness.The remainder of the physical examination, including visual field and ophthalmoscopic examination, was normal.Laboratory investigations, including complete blood count, differential white cell count, serum electrolytes, chest x-ray, urine analysis, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and glucose, examination for antinuclear antibody and rheumatoid factor, and serum protein electrophoresis, were normal and serological test for syphilis was negative.The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Westergren) was 4 mm in 1 h on three determinations.After the third day in hospital the swelling decreased by about half and, since the patient remained free from other symptoms, she was discharged home.Diagnoses entertained included cranial arteritis, trauma, autoerythro- cyte sensitivity, and allergic reaction, but none was established.
Hepatitis C virus RNA profiles in chronically infected individuals: Do they relate to disease activity?
Authors: Patrizia Pontisso, Giorgio Bellati, Maurizia Brunetto, Liliana Chemello, Guido Colloredo, Rosellina Di Stefano, Massimo Nicoletti, Maria Grazia Rumi, Maria Grazia Ruvoletto, Roberta Soffredini, Lilli Mario Valenza, Giuseppe Colucci
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

Fluctuations of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA serum levels were monitored in a multicenter study in 76 chronic HCV carriers who had been followed longitudinally without receiving antiviral therapy to assess their relation with the course of liver disease activity. Forty-four patients had normal transaminases over more than 2 years, while 32 additional patients had fluctuating levels. Viral load was measured in serial serum samples prospectively collected for 10 to 12 months in 54 patients and in sera stored yearly up to 8 years in an additional 22 patients. In patients tested monthly, a lesser extent of fluctuations was detected in cases with constantly normal transaminases as compared with those with fluctuating transaminases. In the former group, the mean difference between maximum and minimum values observed in each individual patient was 0.7 Log, while in the latter group, it was 1.3 Log (P =.0004). Most of these patients experienced, on average, three peaks of viremia over 1 year. The range of variation observed upon yearly testing was between 0.2 and 2.2 Log and did not reach statistical significance between the two groups. In conclusion, a careful viral replication profile can be achieved only by monthly testing, because longer time intervals could miss viremia fluctuations. HCV-RNA levels are more stable in asymptomatic HCV carriers than in patients with biochemical activity of liver disease.
Triple therapy in treatment-experienced patients with HCV-cirrhosis in a multicentre cohort of the French Early Access Programme (ANRS CO20-CUPIC) – NCT01514890
Authors: Christophe Hézode, Hélène Fontaine, Céline Dorival, Dominique Larrey, Fabien Zoulim, Valérie Canva, Victor de Ledinghen, Thierry Poynard, Didier Samuel, Marc Bourlière, Jean-Pierre Zarski, Jean-Jacques Raabe, Laurent Alric, Patrick Marcellin, Ghassan Riachi, Pierre-Henri Bernard, Véronique Loustaud-Ratti, Sophie Métivier, Albert Tran, Lawrence Serfaty, Armand Abergel, Xavier Causse, Vincent Di Martino, Dominique Guyader, Damien Lucidarme, Véronique Grando-Lemaire, Patrick Hillon, Cyrille Feray, Thong Dao, Patrice Cacoub, Isabelle Rosa, Pierre Attali, Ventzislava Petrov-Sanchez, Yoann Barthe, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Stanislas Pol, Fabrice Carrat, Jean-Pierre Bronowicki
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Exposure to ambient particulate matter induces a NASH-like phenotype and impairs hepatic glucose metabolism in an animal model
Authors: Ze Zheng, Xiaohua Xu, Xuebao Zhang, Aixia Wang, Chunbin Zhang, Maik Hüttemann, Lawrence I. Grossman, Lung Chi Chen, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Qinghua Sun, Kezhong Zhang
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Counting the dead in Iraq
Authors: Klim McPherson
Journal: BMJ (2005)

We need to know how many people have died 

Counting the dead is intrinsic to civilised society. Understanding the causes of death is a core public health responsibility. The government's white paper on public health emphasises the vital role of assessing the impact on health of all public policy.1 This is well recognised, and yet neither the public nor public health professionals are able to obtain reliable and officially endorsed information about the extent of civilian deaths attributable to the allied invasion of Iraq. Estimates vary between tens and hundreds of thousands.

These estimates come from reports in the press, or counting bodies admitted to hospitals, (www.iraqbodycount.net/) as well as surveys. The former are likely to be inaccurate and to underestimate the true numbers and do not easily allow for reliable attribution between, for example, violent and natural causes. Public access to reliable data on mortality is important. The policy being assessed—the allied invasion of Iraq—was justified largely …
The association between synthetic bedding and adverse respiratory outcomes among skin‐prick test positive and skin‐prick test negative children
Authors: A.‐L. Ponsonby, P. Gatenby, N. Glasgow, R. Mullins, M. Hurwitz, T. McDonald
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Synthetic bedding has been associated with increased child wheeze and also higher allergen levels in several studies. We aimed to examine whether the association between synthetic bedding and adverse respiratory outcomes was more evident among skin‐prick test (SPT) positive children. Methods: A cross‐sectional survey involving a population sample of 758 (81% of eligible) school children aged 8–10 years from randomly selected schools in the Australian Capital Territory in 1999. Parental questionnaires for ISAAC respiratory symptoms and child bedding were obtained. SPT results of 10 common allergens were available on 722 of the subjects (77% of those eligible). Synthetic pillow or quilt use was termed synthetic upper bedding. Results: Synthetic quilt use was associated with asthma (Adjusted Odds Ratio 1.67 (1.05, 2.65)), recent wheeze (AOR 1.63 (1.03, 2.59)) and allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AOR 2.11 (1.33, 3.34)) among SPT‐positive children. However, these associations were not apparent for SPT‐negative children. Similarly, increasing synthetic upper bedding use was associated with more than 12 episodes of wheeze among SPT‐positive children (AOR 1.69 (1.08, 2.64), P =0.02, per category) but not SPT‐negative children (AOR 0.77 (0.26, 2.21), P =0.6, per category). Conclusion: The apparent association between synthetic upper bedding and adverse respiratory outcomes was evident among SPT‐positive but not SPT‐negative children. Prospective intervention studies that aim to examine the effect of upper bedding composition on child asthma among SPT‐positive children are required.
Overexpression of Cox-2 in Human Osteosarcoma Cells Decreases Proliferation and Increases Apoptosis
Authors: Zheng Xu, Shilpa Choudhary, Olga Voznesensky, Meenal Mehrotra, Monica Woodard, Marc Hansen, Harvey Herschman, Carol Pilbeam
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is generally considered to promote tumorigenesis. To investigate a potential role of COX-2 in osteosarcoma, we overexpressed COX-2 in human osteosarcoma cells. Saos-2 cells deficient in COX-2 expression were retrovirally transduced or stably transfected with murine COX-2 cDNA. Functional expression of COX-2 was confirmed by Northern and Western analyses and prostaglandin production. Overexpression of COX-2 reduced cell numbers by 50% to 70% compared with controls. Decreased proliferation in COX-2-overexpressing cells was associated with cell cycle prolongation in G2-M. Apoptosis, measured by both Annexin V binding assay and terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase–mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining, was increased in cells overexpressing COX-2, and the increase was not reversed by treatment with NS-398, indicating that the effects were not mediated by prostaglandins. Retroviral COX-2 overexpression in two other human osteosarcoma cell lines, U2OS and TE85, also decreased cell viability. However, in the human colon carcinoma HCT-116 cell line, which is deficient in COX-2, retroviral overexpression of COX-2, at similar efficiency as in Saos-2 cells, increased resistance to apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), measured by flow cytometry, were increased by COX-2 overexpression in Saos-2 cells but not in HCT-116 cells. Inhibition of peroxidase activity, but not of COX activity, blocked the ROS increase. Antioxidants blocked the increase in ROS and the increase in apoptosis due to COX-2 overexpression in Saos-2 cells. Our results suggest that (a) COX-2 overexpression in osteosarcoma cells may increase resistance to tumorigenesis by increasing ROS to levels that decrease cell viability and (b) the effects of COX-2 overexpression are cell type/tissue dependent.(Cancer Res 2006; 66(13): 6657-64)
Endosonography of a Submucosal Tumor-Like Gastric Lesion Caused by Fibrotic Ulcer Healing
Authors: T. Okai, Y. Songür, H. Watanabe, Y. Motoo, N. Sawabu
Journal: Endoscopy (1995)

A 61-year-old woman with a gastric antral ulcer scar had a lesion that showed a submucosal tumor-like appearance on endosonography, which proved at resection to represent dense submucosal fibrous tissue. The reason for this marked reaction has not yet been established. Although we felt that the endosonographic pattern most likely showed submucosal fibrosis, in view of her past medical history, malignant lymphoma or aberrant pancreas could not be ruled out with certainty.
The Straining Procedure as an Aid in the Anatomic Localization of Cardiovascular Murmurs and Sounds
Authors: HARRY F. ZINSSER, CALVIN F. KAY
Journal: Circulation (1950)

Most heart murmurs diminish in intensity during straining. Those derived from the right heart and pulmonary circulation regain intensity immediately after straining. Those from the left heart and systemic circulation recover only after an appreciable delay. The murmurs of patent ductus arteriosus and of mitral stenosis each showed a modified, but characteristic response. These murmur changes were correlated with recorded dynamic cardiovascular changes produced by straining.
Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation Is Critical for Adaptation to Cardiac Stress
Authors: Sonisha A. Warren, Laura E. Briggs, Huadong Zeng, Joyce Chuang, Eileen I. Chang, Ryota Terada, Moyi Li, Maurice S. Swanson, Stewart H. Lecker, Monte S. Willis, Francis G. Spinale, Julie Maupin-Furlowe, Julie R. McMullen, Richard L. Moss, Hideko Kasahara
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Cardiac hypertrophy is a common response to circulatory or neurohumoral stressors as a mechanism to augment contractility. When the heart is under sustained stress, the hypertrophic response can evolve into decompensated heart failure, although the mechanism(s) underlying this transition remain largely unknown. Because phosphorylation of cardiac myosin light chain 2 (MLC2v), bound to myosin at the head-rod junction, facilitates actin-myosin interactions and enhances contractility, we hypothesized that phosphorylation of MLC2v plays a role in the adaptation of the heart to stress. We previously identified an enzyme that predominantly phosphorylates MLC2v in cardiomyocytes, cardiac myosin light-chain kinase (cMLCK), yet the role(s) played by cMLCK in regulating cardiac function in health and disease remain to be determined.We found that pressure overload induced by transaortic constriction in wild-type mice reduced phosphorylated MLC2v levels by ≈40% and cMLCK levels by ≈85%. To examine how a reduction in cMLCK and the corresponding reduction in phosphorylated MLC2v affect function, we generated Mylk3 gene-targeted mice and transgenic mice overexpressing cMLCK specifically in cardiomyocytes. Pressure overload led to severe heart failure in cMLCK knockout mice but not in mice with cMLCK overexpression in which cMLCK protein synthesis exceeded degradation. The reduction in cMLCK protein during pressure overload was attenuated by inhibition of ubiquitin-proteasome protein degradation systems.Our results suggest the novel idea that accelerated cMLCK protein turnover by the ubiquitin-proteasome system underlies the transition from compensated hypertrophy to decompensated heart failure as a result of reduced phosphorylation of MLC2v.
A PREDICTIVE COMPARISON OF PLANAR RADIOSCINTIGRAPHY WITH EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY USING CLINICAL DECISION ANALYSIS
Authors: John R. Prince
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1982)

DePuey, E. Gordon M.D.; Monroe, Linda R. Ph.D.; Sonnemaker, Robert E. M.D.; Burdine, John A. M.D.; Hall, Robert J. Author Information
Thermal Treatment Attenuates Neointimal Thickening With Enhanced Expression of Heat-Shock Protein 72 and Suppression of Oxidative Stress
Authors: Motoi Okada, Naoyuki Hasebe, Yoshiaki Aizawa, Kazuma Izawa, Jun-ichi Kawabe, Kenjiro Kikuchi
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— The beneficial effects of thermal therapy have been reported in several cardiovascular diseases. However, it is unknown whether the thermal treatment has some beneficial roles against the development of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results— The inflammatory arterial lesion was introduced by placement of a polyethylene cuff on femoral arteries of male Sprague-Dawley rats for 4 weeks. Thermal-treated group underwent daily bathing in 41°C hot water for 15 minutes. Neointimal thickening along with immunohistochemical expression of heat-shock proteins (HSPs), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and NADPH oxidase were compared with those of a thermally untreated (Control) group. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a significant suppression of neointimal thickening in thermal-treated group compared with the Control group (intimal/medial area ratios, 0.01±0.01 versus 0.31±0.04, P &lt;0.01). Expression of MCP-1 and infiltration of ED-positive cells were enhanced in the adventitial layer of Control. More importantly, expression of HSP72 in media was enhanced by thermal treatment. Expression of p22-phox, the major membrane subunit of NADPH oxidase, and MCP-1 was augmented in cuff-injured adventitia of the Control but not the thermal-treated groups. Conclusions— Thermal treatment significantly attenuated infiltration of inflammatory cells in adventitia and suppressed neointimal thickening in cuff-injured arteries with the enhancement of HSP72 expression and suppression of oxidative stress.
Mutant Huntingtin Causes Metabolic Imbalance by Disruption of Hypothalamic Neurocircuits
Authors: Sofia Hult, Rana Soylu, Tomas Björklund, Bengt F. Belgardt, Jan Mauer, Jens C. Brüning, Deniz Kirik, Åsa Petersén
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2011)
Diagnosis, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Urethral Recurrences Following Radical Cystectomy for Bladder Cancer in 729 Male Patients
Authors: Jorge Huguet, Vanesa Monllau, Sergi Sabaté, Oscar Rodriguez-Faba, Ferran Algaba, Juan Palou, Humberto Villavicencio
Journal: European Urology (2007)
Oxidative stress-mediated down-regulation of rat hydroxyacid oxidase 1, a liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme
Authors: Stefania Recalcati, Lorenza Tacchini, Alessandra Alberghini, Dario Conte, Gaetano Cairo
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (Hao1) is a liver–specific peroxisomal enzyme that oxidizes glycolate to glyoxylate with concomitant production of H 2 O 2 . In Hao1 messenger RNA (mRNA), an iron–responsive element (IRE) homologous to the sequence recognized by iron regulatory proteins (IRP), key regulators of iron homeostasis, is present, but the involvement of iron in Hao1 regulation remains unclear. In this study, we found a reduction of Hao1 mRNA content in livers of rats with chronic dietary iron overload, which showed decreased IRP activity and higher ferritin expression as expected, but also induction of heme oxygenase (HO–1), a marker of oxidative damage, and lipid peroxidation. Hao1 mRNA levels were not altered significantly in livers of rats administered doses of iron sufficient to induce ferritin expression and to repress IRP activity, but not to activate HO–1 and to promote lipid peroxidation, as well as in the liver of iron–deficient rats. These observations were not consistent with a post–transcriptional down–regulation of Hao1 by iron through the IRE/IRP pathway and suggested an effect of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Indeed, a marked decrease of Hao1 mRNA was observed in the liver of rats subjected to oxidative stress induced by either glutathione depletion or postischemic reperfusion. Nuclear run–on analysis showed an effect of ROS at the transcriptional level. In conclusion, down–regulation of Hao1 expression during oxidative stress may provide a mechanism to prevent excessive H 2 O 2 formation in liver peroxisomes and may represent the prototype of a poorly recognized but potentially relevant response to oxidative injury involving down–regulation of ROS–producing enzymes.
Practical Implications of Multiple Tumors of the Colon and Rectum
Authors: C. Newton Peabody, Reginald H. Smithwick
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

A STUDY of 100 patients with carcinoma of the colon or rectum operated upon at the Massachusetts Memorial Hospitals indicates that it is advisable to divide such patients into two groups, those with solitary lesions and those with more than one tumor. A review of the pathology of the lesions and the subsequent medical history in these cases has produced evidence favoring a more extensive initial resection in the second group.The data upon which this conclusion is based were obtained from the records of the last 100 consecutive patients with cancer of the colon or rectum who underwent resection . . .
Urinary levels of regenerating islet-derived protein III β and gelsolin differentiate gentamicin from cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury in rats
Authors: Laura Ferreira, Yaremi Quiros, Sandra M. Sancho-Martínez, Omar García-Sánchez, Cesar Raposo, Jose M. López-Novoa, Jose M. González-Buitrago, Francisco J. López-Hernández
Journal: Kidney International (2010)