tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Medicine and the marginalised
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1999)

> And though I have the gift of prophecy, and understand all mysteries, and all knowledge; and though I have all faith, so that I could remove mountains, and have not charity, I am nothing.
> 
> Corinthians 13:1

Who, Christian or not, could disagree? The idea of paying special attention to “the poor and mean and lowly” is a central part of the Christmas story and of most religions. It is a belief that underpins medicine Yet it is a belief that is constantly forgotten. Medicine usually fails marginalised people.

It is more than a quarter of a century since Julian Tudor Hart's famous paper on “the inverse care law”—that those who need medical care the most are the least likely to get it.1 The law is seen in its most extreme form on a global scale: the highest rates of sickness and premature death are in the developing world, whereas medical care is concentrated in the developed world Evidence continues to accumulate that the law applies everywhere, and things are probably getting worse not better.2

Jonathan Mann, the Harvard professor who was killed in 1998 in the Swiss Air crash, introduced a new way of thinking about these issues by combining thoughts on public health …
Speech Disorders: A Psychological Study of the Various Defects of Speech
Authors: Sara Mae Stinchfield
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CICATRIZATION OF WOUNDS
Authors: P. Lecomte Du Noüy
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1916)

The cicatrization of sterile wounds may be studied in the same way as an ordinary physicochemical phenomenon. It is possible, therefore, to express the law of cicatrization by a mathematical equation as soon as an accurate measure of the wound can be obtained. By means of the equation, a curve is obtained which represents the theoretical evolution of the cicatrization of a wound. This curve, being an expression of what should happen on a normal wound, healing aseptically, on a normal man, is a daily point of comparison to what appears actually on the observed wound, and allows one to study accurately the fluctuations of cicatrization on a given individual, and the action of different dressings and antiseptic substances.
Abstract 1559: TTC36, a novel chaperone of heat shock protein 70, functions as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Lingxi Jiang, Ming Liu, Yan Li, Xinyuan Guan
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most devastating human diseases characterized by high incidences and mortality rates. However, there is still limited knowledge of molecular mechanisms leading to the development of HCC. By using transcriptome sequencing profiling of non-tumor and HCC samples, a subset of differentially expressed genes have been identified. One of those genes, the TTC36 gene is down-regulated in HCC tissues compared with non-tumor tissues. Reduced expression of TTC36 is correlated with advanced tumor stages and decreased overall survival. Ectopic expression of TTC36 in HCC cells show decreased tumorigenic ability in vitro and vivo function assays. Silencing TTC36 expression with short hairpin RNA had the opposite effects. We had found that TTC36 promoted apoptosis of HCC cells by interacting with heat shock protein 70 and induced the activation of caspases-9, caspase-3 and PARP. Further characterization of TTC36 may provide a novel prognostic biomarker for HCC and shed light on better management of HCC treatment. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Lingxi Jiang, Ming Liu, Yan Li, Xinyuan Guan. TTC36, a novel chaperone of heat shock protein 70, functions as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1559. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1559
The Implications of Blood Transfusions for Patients With Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Xin Yang, Karen P. Alexander, Anita Y. Chen, Matthew T. Roe, Ralph G. Brindis, Sunil V. Rao, W. Brian Gibler, E. Magnus Ohman, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Rosacea tedavisinde 2 mg doksisiklin hiklat tabletleri ve % .75 metronidazol topikal losyonun kombine etkisine ait randomize, çift-kör, plasebo-kontrollü çalışma
Authors: Jorge Sanchez, Aida Lugo Somolinos, Pablo I. Almodo´var, Guy Webster, Mark Bradshaw, veChristopher Powala
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2006)
Experts Charge New US Dietary Guidelines Pose Daunting Challenge for the Public
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RED BLOOD CELL SENSITIVITY IN CAUCASIANS
Authors: P M NEUDA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1949)

Article1 December 1949RED BLOOD CELL SENSITIVITY IN CAUCASIANSPAUL M. NEUDA, M.D.PAUL M. NEUDA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-31-6-1024 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn a previous paper1 I had reported that the sickle-inducing substance, the blood-group-enzyme (BGE), which was originally found in feces, was also present in the blood in certain diseases including sickle cell anemia. While, however, the BGE in feces is a normal constituent, the presence of this substance in the blood in disease is apparently an abnormal finding. In the presence of red cell sensitivity, for example, the BGE in blood might be a red cell damaging agent. This could possibly apply as an explanation to sickle cell anemia.The BGE was, however, not only found in the blood of...Bibliography1. NEUDA PM: Red blood cell sensitivity to the blood-group-enzyme, Science, 1947 cvi, 296-297. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. NEUDAROSEN PMMS: Preliminary report on a rapid method for diagnosing sickle cell disease, Jr. Lab. and Clin. Med., 1945, xxx, 456-458. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication October 21, 1948.From the Achelis Laboratory, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 December 1949Volume 31, Issue 6Page: 1024-1029KeywordsAnemiaBloodBlood cellsRed blood cellsResearch laboratoriesSickle cell disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1949 PDF downloadLoading ...
Prescribing patterns for UK patients commencing first maintenance therapy for COPD
Authors: David Price, Katsiaryna Bichel, Daniel West, Victoria Carter, Valerie L. Ashton, Rebecca Stewart
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background : Guidelines recommend long-acting bronchodilators as first maintenance therapy for mild to moderate COPD, with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) reserved for more severe patients (pts). ICS might be overused.   Aim : To characterise UK pts commencing first maintenance therapy for COPD to investigate whether prescribing patterns match COPD severity.   Methods : Retrospective observational study, using Optimum Patient Care Research Database, of pts prescribed first maintenance therapy for COPD (ICS, long-acting β agonist [LABA], long-acting muscarinic antagonist [LAMA] or combination) in 2009-2012 at or after COPD diagnosis confirmed by spirometry. Study period was 1 year before and 1-3 years after prescription for therapy. Therapy, COPD severity (FEV1% predicted, at both diagnosis and at first maintenance therapy), and comorbidities (at any time) were recorded.   Results : 2217 pts (55% male; 45% smokers; 47% ex-smokers; 22% aged l60 years; 54% 60-75 years; 24% ≥75 years) commenced on ICS, ICS+LABA, ICS+LAMA, ICS+LABA+LAMA (51%); LABA, LAMA, LABA+LAMA (49%).   Conclusion : ICSs and their combinations are prescribed frequently as first maintenance therapies for COPD, regardless of COPD severity (similar at diagnosis and first therapy), and comorbidities.
Flaws in Patient Safety Measures—Reply
Authors: Ravi Rajaram, Cynthia Barnard, Karl Y. Bilimoria
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Proteomic analysis of KRASV12-mediated oncogenic transformation of human pancreatic ductal epithelia
Authors: Zhenyu Ji, Fang Mei, Xiaodong Cheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4457   Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most aggressive and devastating human disease. Almost all patients diagnosed with the disease die from the malignancy with a medium survival of less than six months. Activating KRAS mutations occur almost universally in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and represent an early event in the development of PC. To study the cellular and molecular mechanisms of KRAS V12 -mediated oncogenic human pancreatic ductal epithelia (HPDE) transformation, we applied a proteomic approach involving two-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry to profile two HPDE cell lines, one immortalized with HPV E6/E7 oncogenes and the other transformed with an additional oncogenic KRAS V12  allele. Differentially expressed protein spots were identified and subsequently analyzed by mass spectrometry. Furthermore, to dissect signaling pathways important for KRAS-mediated oncogenic transformation we examined the global changes of phosphoproteome in response to oncogenic KRAS using the Pro-Q Diamond phosphoprotein-specific staining. These studies will provide new insights into understanding the roles of the KRAS oncogene and its down-stream signaling pathways in pancreatic adenocarcinoma development and may lead to the identification of potential novel diagnosis and treatments for pancreatic cancer.
Treating extremely low birthweight infants with prophylactic indomethacin
Authors: W. McGuire, P. W Fowlie
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A primary aim of perinatal and neonatal interventions for extremely low birthweight infants (birth weight less than 1000 g) is to increase the likelihood of survival without neurological disability.1 Although interventions, such as prophylactic antenatal steroids2 or exogenous surfactants,3 have improved certain outcomes, the overall prognosis for extremely low birthweight infants remains poor. In North America a multicentre cohort study of extremely low birthweight infants found that less than two thirds of those admitted to intensive care survived to hospital discharge. A quarter of surviving children, assessed at 18-22 months post term, had an abnormal neurological examination, and about a third had evidence of significant neurological developmental delay.4 In the United Kingdom and Eire, the EPICure Study Group evaluated the outcome for infants born before 26 weeks' gestation. The overall survival of infants admitted for intensive care was 39%.5 When assessed at a mean age of 30 months post term, about half the children had disability, and about half of …
Erythema multiforme in children.
Authors: JAMES E. RASMUSSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

It is generally accepted that the correct treatment for patients with severe erythema multiforme is systemic corticosteroids. This paper is a review of thirty‐two paediatric patients with severe erythema multiforme (Stevens‐Johnson syndrome) who were treated with either large doses of systemic corticosteroids or supportive care only. Those patients treated with steroids did not recover sooner than those treated in other fashions and the steroid treated group had a significant incidence of medical complications. This retrospective study proves nothing but it does suggest that treatment of patients with the Stevens‐Johnson syndrome with systemic corticosteroids may be associated with significant side effects and prolonged recovery.
Aspirin Is Beneficial in Hypertensive Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Meg J. Jardine, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Vlado Perkovic, Alan Cass, Fiona Turnbull, Martin P. Gallagher, Sophia Zoungas, Hiddo J. Lambers Heerspink, John Chalmers, Alberto Zanchetti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
A case of monilethrix caused by novel compound heterozygous mutations in the desmoglein 4 (DSG4) gene
Authors: M. Farooq, M. Ito, M. Naito, Y. Shimomura
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Monilethrix is a rare condition characterized by a hair shaft anomaly known as beaded hair. It can show either an autosomal dominant or an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. The autosomal dominant form of monilethrix is caused by mutations in the basic hair keratin genes KRT81, KRT83 or KRT86, while the autosomal recessive form results from mutations in the desmoglein 4 (DSG4) gene. We define the molecular basis of monilethrix in a Japanese patient who has had sparse and fragile scalp hairs since birth. We performed mutation analysis of candidate genes. In addition, we performed co-immunoprecipitation assays and immunofluorescence studies in cultured cells to investigate the functional consequences caused by a mutation. Mutation analysis resulted in the identification of novel compound heterozygous mutations, c.624delG (p.M208IfsX4) and c.2468G>A (p.W823X), in the DSG4 gene of the patient. Furthermore, we show that the mutant DSG4 protein with the mutation p.W823X severely affects the affinity to plakoglobin protein, which may contribute to disruption of desmosomes in the patient’s hair shaft. Our results further underscore the crucial role of the DSG4 gene in differentiation of the hair shaft in humans.
Acromegaly and the heart.
Authors: M S Nieminen, E Elonen, R Pelkonen, M H Frick
Journal: Circulation (1978)

To the Editor:We were interested in the article by Martins and colleagues on cardiac size and function in acromegaly,' because of our recent observations on left ventricular dynamics in this disease.Using echocardiography, we have studied a series of 24 patients, of whom seven were studied one year after elective surgery.All patients had markedly elevated growth hormone levels (16-380 ng/ml without suppression after glucose loading) in the preoperative assessment, with a normalization with postoperative data.Every case exhibited a marked concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) with a mean LV free wall thickness of 16 mm and absolute LV mass of 484 g, according to the ellipse approximation calculations.None had signs of asymmetric septal hypertrophy.In the postoperative group of seven patients the LV wall thickness was smaller (13 mm, P < 0.001) but the mean LV mass did not differ from the preoperative data (477 g; NS).The mean LV transversal diameter was 51.7 ± 5.1 mm in the preoperative studies and 57.4 ± 4.5 mm in the postoperative studies (P < 0.05).Asynergy was detected by multidirectional contraction cinetics analysis2 in only two patients.They also exhibited ischemic ST segment depressions upon exercise testing.The data suggest that the acromegalic heart disease consists of concentric hypertrophy without other structural or functional ab- normalities.It appears that normalization of the growth hormone levels postoperatively initiates dilatation with persistence of the in- creased LV mass.
Hemorrhagic tumor necrosis during a pilot trial of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and anti-GD3 ganglioside monoclonal antibody in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: LM Minasian, TP Szatrowski, M Rosenblum, T Steffens, ME Morrison, PB Chapman, L Williams, CF Nathan, AN Houghton
Journal: Blood (1994)
Cigarette smoke affects differentiation and function of primary human bronchial epithelial cells
Authors: Andrea C. Schamberger, Nikica Mise, Silke Meiners, Oliver Eickelberg
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The differentiated human airway epithelium consists of different cell types forming a pseudostratified and polarized epithelium. Basal cells have stem cell properties and can differentiate into columnar, goblet, and ciliated cells. These apically located cells are linked by cell-cell junctions forming the epithelial barrier. It protects the body from inhaled insults, such as cigarette smoke. Defective integrity of the bronchial epithelium potentially contributes to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Further, the airway epithelium in COPD is dramatically altered including basal and goblet cell hyperplasia, as well as squamous cell metaplasia. Here, we analyzed the effect of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on primary human bronchial epithelial cell (pHBEC) differentiation and barrier formation.  pHBEC were differentiated at the air-liquid interface (ALI) into a mucociliary epithelium. Effective differentiation was assessed by immunofluorescence analysis for CC10 (columnar cells), Muc5AC (goblet cells), acetylated tubulin (ciliated cells), and p63 (basal cells). Further, epithelial barrier establishment was confirmed by zonula occludens (ZO)-1 staining as well as transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) measurements. The exposure to CSE during the differentiation process altered TEER development. Further, CSE delayed tight junction establishment as assessed by ZO-1 staining. Moreover, pHBEC differentiation in the presence of CSE shifted emerging cell population numbers including delayed appearance of ciliated cells.  Our data suggest that chronic exposure to CSE during pHBEC differentiation at the ALI provides a suitable tool to study airway epithelial changes occurring in COPD.
Abstract 864: Increased rates of radiation pneumonitis in patients receiving stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for central versus peripheral lung tumors
Authors: Aadel A. Chaudhuri, Chad Tang, Nicholas Trakul, Jacob Wynne, Billy Loo, Maximilian Diehn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: Treatment of central lung tumors with stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has been associated with higher rates of toxicities than patients with peripheral tumors. Here we report our institution's experience in treating central lung tumor patients with SABR, compared to patients treated for peripheral lung tumors. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed outcomes in 82 patients with a total of 96 primary or metastatic lung tumors treated by SABR. The cohort included 47 central and 49 peripheral tumors and all were treated with 50 Gy in 4-5 fractions. Outcomes and radiation-associated toxicities were compared between the two groups, not including patients in whom central and peripheral tumors were concurrently treated (8 such patients). Dosimetric analysis was performed on patients with central tumors to determine max point dose (MPD) and volumetric max dose (Vmax) to central structures. Results: Median follow-up time was 15 months (range 1 to 59 months). Median overall survival was 34 and 40 months (p=0.75) for patients with central and peripheral tumors, respectively. We observed no hemoptysis and no grade 5 toxicities. Rates of symptomatic toxicity were higher in patients with central tumors (grade 2+, 38% vs. 11%, p=0.0056) but were equivalent for severe toxicity (grade 3+, 5.4% vs. 5.4%, p=0.93). The vast majority of toxicities were due to radiation pneumonitis, incidence of which was significantly greater in patients with central tumors (grade 2+, 30% vs. 2.7%, p=0.0021; grade 3+, 5.4% vs. 0%, p=0.15). Dosimetric analysis of 36 central tumor treatment plans revealed that 23 (64%) exceeded at least one of the dose constraints used in RTOG 0813, most commonly for central airway. Rates of grade 2+ pneumonitis were not significantly different between patients exceeding RTOG 0813 central airway dosing constraints vs. those meeting them (24% vs. 20%, p=0.69), but trended towards significance for grade 3+ radiation pneumonitis, with patients exceeding RTOG 0813 central airway dosing constraints experiencing higher rates (0% vs. 13%, p=0.095). Conclusions: Central lung tumor patients treated with SABR appear to have greater risk for symptomatic radiation pneumonitis than patients with peripheral tumors. Exceeding RTOG 0813 dosimetric constraints for central airway may predispose to higher risk for severe radiation pneumonitis. Citation Format: Aadel A. Chaudhuri, Chad Tang, Nicholas Trakul, Jacob Wynne, Billy Loo, Maximilian Diehn. Increased rates of radiation pneumonitis in patients receiving stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for central versus peripheral lung tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 864. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-864