tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Should a Woman Age 70 to 80 Years Receive Radiation After Breast-Conserving Surgery?
Authors: Jaroslaw T. Hepel, David E. Wazer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Case 1: A 72-year-old woman presents with a palpable mass detected during yearly physical examination by her primary care physician. She has controlled hypertension and remains active, playing tennis three times a week. Physical examination reveals a 1.5 cm mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast with no palpable axillary lymphadenopathy. Diagnostic imaging reveals a suspicious mass, and core biopsy confirms invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) that is estrogen receptor moderately positive (60%), progesterone receptor negative and Her2-neu that is not overexpressed. She undergoes a wide local excision and sentinel node biopsy. Pathology reveals a 1.5 cm IDC that is high grade without lymphovascular invasion (LVI). The margins are negative with the closest laterally at 2 mm. One sentinel node is negative for metastasis. Case 2: A 72-year-old woman presents with an abnormal screening mammogram that shows a small area of architectural distortion in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast (Fig 1). She is a former smoker with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has mild to moderately symptomatic osteoarthritis managed with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. She remains active and independent. Physical examination reveals neither palpable breast mass nor axillary lymphadenopathy. Diagnostic ultrasound confirms a 1.8 cm mass, and core biopsy reveals IDC that is estrogen and progesterone receptor strongly positive (> 90%) and Her2-neu that is not overexpressed. She undergoes a wide local excision and sentinel node biopsy. Pathology reveals a 1.9 cm IDC that is low grade. The margins are widely negative at > 5 mm and there is no LVI. One sentinel node is negative for metastasis.
1029 LONG-TERM OUTCOME OF CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITH SINGLE HCC ≤ 5CM. DOES LIVER RESECTION HAVE THE SAME RESULTS AS LIVER TRANSPLANTATION?
Authors: G. Sapisochin, C. Dopazo, I. Bilbao, L. Castells, J.L. Lazaro, B. Minguez, I. Campos, R. Rodriguez, M. Caralt, R. Charco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The Role of Platelet Reactivity and Genotype Testing in the Prevention of Atherothrombotic Cardiovascular Events Remains Unproven
Authors: Vamsi Krishna, George A. Diamond, Sanjay Kaul
Journal: Circulation (2012)

C lopidogrel is the second-leading drug sold worldwide, yet 13 years and millions of patients treated later, we are just beginning to understand the complexity of its metabolism and antiplatelet effects.2][3][4] Several recent studies have shown that both high on-clopidogrel platelet reactivity 5-8 and the cytochrome (CY) P2C19 reduced-function genotype 9 -11 are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events, including stent thrombosis (ST).Given the central role of clopidogrel in the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), physicians and regulatory bodies are tackling how best to integrate these data to guide patient care.These efforts are fueled by the motivation to identify people at risk of developing adverse outcomes on clopidogrel, to develop more precise estimates about prognosis, and to fine-tune treatment selection, thereby approaching a form of tailored or personalized medicine.
The effect of partial ileal bypass on plasma lipoproteins.
Authors: R B Moore, H Buchwald, R L Varco
Journal: Circulation (1980)

Plasma lipids and lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were determined before and at 3 months and 1 year after partial ileal surgery in 28 male survivors of first myocardial infarction (eight normolipidemic subjects and eight type II-A, two type II-B, eight type IV and two type V hyperlipoproteinemic subjects). All subjects had marked reductions in plasma total cholesterol (average 45% and 33% in the type V subjects and 37% and 31% in the other 26 subjects at 3 months and 1 year after surgeryyy). Except for the two type V subjects, all had even more marked reductions in low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol than in the total plasma cholesterol, averaging 51% at 3 months and 49% at 1 year after surger. There were no significant changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels. The hypertriglyceridemic subjects had marked reductions in plasma triglycerides and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, whereas the normotriglyceridemic subjects (normals and II-A) had slight increases in these two measurements after surgery. Partial ileal bypass tends to normalize elevated plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels and results in a maximal lowering in LDL-cholesterol concentrations without altering the HDL-cholesterol level.
Intra-Uterine Fibroid Polypus
Authors: P. Boulton
Journal: BMJ (1882)

THE BRITISH ME.lDICAL 7OURNAL.. ISePt.30, 18Sbnose began to bleed, and that it had continued bleeding ever mnce, in spite of a varety of remedies that had been applied.Knowing his history, I felt that the posterior nares had better be plugged forthwith, which was accordingly done; when the hemorhasge ceased.Some time afterwards, I was again hurriedly sent for to see J. P., who was bleeding, it was said, from the lungs.I had been visiting him daily for a week on account of an attack of bronchial catarrh, with cough and expectoration.I had made a point of endeavouring to keep the cough within bounds, feeling certain that if it increased in severity, and the sputa became tinged with blood-as one sees some-
From the authors
Authors: J. A. Neder
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

majority of authors [2][3][4][5] agree that the degree of desaturation seems to be a strong predictor of mortality, as we also confirmed in our cohort.Importantly, exercise capacity is not only dependent on respiratory function; cardiac function and muscle function are other important factors that can come into play [7].Moreover, poor 6MWT performance should raise suspicion of the presence of underlying pulmonary arterial hypertension.As the prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction is high in patients with end-stage pulmonary disease [8], we believe that the echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular function can be complementary to clinical evaluation and functional assessment in these patients.
Interleukin-8 Differentially Regulates Migration of Tumor-Associated and Normal Human Brain Endothelial Cells
Authors: Christiana Charalambous, Ligaya B. Pen, Yuzhuang S. Su, Johanna Milan, Thomas C. Chen, Florence M. Hofman
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is a chemokine involved in angiogenesis, a process vital to tumor growth. Previously, we showed that endothelial cells derived from human tumor tissue have different functional and phenotypic properties compared with normal endothelial cells. This study analyzes the role of IL-8 in regulating angiogenesis of tumor-associated brain endothelial cells (TuBEC). Results show that TuBECs have a higher baseline migration rate compared with normal brain endothelial cells (BEC). TuBECs are unaffected when stimulated with IL-8 whereas BECs are activated. This lack of response of TuBECs to IL-8 is due to the constitutive production of IL-8. Endogenously produced IL-8 activates TuBECs in an autocrine manner as shown by IL-8 receptor inhibition. Blocking either CXCR1 or CXCR2 partially reduces TuBEC migration, whereas blocking both receptors further reduces migration. Treatment with antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) shows that production of IL-8 by TuBECs is dependent on VEGF. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), shown to down-regulate IL-8 production in BECs, does not inhibit IL-8 production in TuBECs. In summary, these studies show that TuBECs constitutively secrete IL-8 and autocrine activation by IL-8 is the result of VEGF stimulation. Furthermore, TuBECs do not respond to the feedback inhibition normally induced by TGF-β1. These data emphasize the functional uniqueness of TuBECs. Understanding the functions and regulatory processes of tumor-associated endothelial cells is critical for developing appropriate antiangiogenic therapies.
Herpesviruses and Cancer
Authors: Clyde R. Goodheart
Journal: JAMA (1970)

The herpesviruses form a large group with many common properties. Many animal species have one or more distinct herpesviruses. Strong evidence is available that at least two nonhuman herpesviruses are able to induce malignancy in nonhuman vertebrates, and weak but suggestive evidence exists for four others. There is also suggestive evidence for an association of two herpesviruses with human malignancies. Because proper experiments cannot be done with oncogenic viruses in humans, studies with oncogenic herpesviruses of other animals are extremely important to understanding human cancer.
Yet Another Pathogenic Mechanism for<i>Escherichia coli</i>Diarrhea?
Authors: Richard L. Guerrant
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Was it not enough to understand three ways that Escherichia coli could cause diarrhea? Esch. coli can acquire the ability to produce enterotoxins that are heat labile or heat stable. Inflammatory colitis is produced by other, invasive Esch. coli. Several lines of evidence, including Ulshen and Rollo's carefully studied case reported in this issue of the Journal, now suggest at least a fourth type of Esch. coli diarrhea — one that is associated with close adherence of the organism to small-bowel mucosa without recognized invasive or enterotoxigenic properties.Recognition that certain Esch. coli can be enteric pathogens began . . .
A QUANTITATIVE TECHNIQUE FOR PERFORMING PLASMAPHERESIS
Authors: Daniel Melnick, George R. Cowgill
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

1. A special apparatus and technique are described which permit one to conduct plasmapheresis quantitatively. 2. The validity of the methods employed, for determining serum protein concentration and blood volume as prerequisites for the calculation of the amount of blood to be withdrawn, are discussed.
In Vivo Measurement of Bone Mass
Authors: David M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1972)

In a sensitive method for measuring both cortical and trabecular bone mass in the radius, bone mass is determined by measuring the photon energy absorbed by bone from a monochromatic gamma-ray source,<sup>125</sup>I. The method is quite reproducible, with a coefficient of variation of about 2.5%. Measurements of bone mass were performed on 169 white women older than 50 years of age who were divided into two groups: those with (56 women) and those without collapsed vertebrae (113 women). Measurements of both trabecular and cortical bone mass were significantly less in the group with collapsed vertebrae. This method is capable of providing objective, reproducible measurements of bone mass in man. It appears to be a very promising tool for the study of the natural history of diseases of demineralization and for providing data on the response to therapy.
Comparison of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) with the Intensive Care Delirium Screening Checklist (ICDSC) for delirium in critical care patients gives high agreement rate(s)
Authors: Konstanze Plaschke, Rebecca von Haken, Mirijam Scholz, Ria Engelhardt, Angelika Brobeil, Eike Martin, Markus A. Weigand
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
INDUCED MALIGNANCY IN CELLS FROM RAT MYOCARDIUM SUBJECTED TO INTERMITTENT ANAEROBIOSIS DURING LONG PROPAGATION IN VITRO
Authors: Harry Goldblatt, Gladys Cameron
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1953)

In two strains of fibroblasts originating from fragments of myocardium from a 5 day old rat of the Slonaker-Addis strain, a strain known to develop tumors but rarely, abnormal morphologic alterations took place which eventuated in neoplastic changes. This happened only after repeated exposure of the cultures to an atmosphere of nitrogen (anaerobiosis) and did not occur in the control cultures of fibroblasts originating from the same rat heart, and grown continuously throughout the same period (2 ½ years) without exposure to nitrogen.
Vascularization of hollow channel-modified porous silk scaffolds with endothelial cells for tissue regeneration
Authors: Wenjie Zhang, Lindsay S Wray, Jelena Rnjak-Kovacina, Ling Xu, Duohong Zou, Shaoyi Wang, Maolin Zhang, Jiachen Dong, Guanglong Li, David L Kaplan, Xinquan Jiang
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
GW25-e4591 Electrophysiological study of the mechanism of action of the Traditional Chinese Medicine compound TMYX on the spontaneous activity of cardiac pacemaker cells
Authors: Paina Manuel, Wang Yi, Bucchi Annalisa, Barbuti Andrea, Wang Yan Yan, Sheng Liu, Yang Jin, Baruscotti Mirko, DiFrancesco Dario
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
TCT-633 Impact of Ad Hoc Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-Eluting Stent in Angina Patients
Authors: Young-Hak Kim, Duk-Woo Park, Jung-Min Ahn, Gyung-Min Park, Hae Geun Song, Jong-Young Lee, Won-Jang Kim, Sung-Cheol Yun, Soo-Jin Kang, Seung-Whan Lee, Cheol Whan Lee, Seong-Wook Park, Seung-Jung Park
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
CLC-3 Channels Modulate Excitatory Synaptic Transmission in Hippocampal Neurons
Authors: Xue Qing Wang, Ludmila V. Deriy, Sarah Foss, Ping Huang, Fred S. Lamb, Marcia A. Kaetzel, Vytautas Bindokas, Jeremy D. Marks, Deborah J. Nelson
Journal: Neuron (2006)
When Could the Administration of Furosemide Be Avoided?
Authors: Jacob Kuyvenhoven, Amy Piepsz, Hamphrey Ham
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether some parameters of the basic renogram allow one to omit the administration of furosemide in cases of hydronephrosis.One hundred thirty-seven children (274 kidneys) referred for uni- or bilateral hydronephrosis were evaluated retrospectively. In all children additional furosemide challenges followed by postmicturition views were acquired because of unsatisfactory renal emptying. The patients were categorized into 2 groups according to the residual renal activity on the postmicturition view: those with good emptying (R-) of both kidneys, for which the administration of furosemide was considered of no influence, and those with partial or no emptying of at least 1 kidney (R+). The renogram parameters chosen for predicting R+ and R- were time to maximum (Tmax), output efficiency at 20 minutes (OE20), and normalized residual activity at 20 minutes (NORA20). For each parameter, the number of children was then calculated, for whom the administration of furosemide could have been omitted.A total of 112 children were categorized as R- and 25 as R+. The cutoff values for 100% negative predictive value of Tmax, OE20, and NORA20 were 4.5 minutes, 66%, and 1.45 respectively. Application of these cutoff values for the parameters yields, in retrospect, 6 (4%), 29 (21%), and 22 (16%) children respectively for whom administration of furosemide could have been omitted.On the basis of OE20 and NORA20, the administration of furosemide could have been omitted in a substantial number of patients, despite unsatisfactory renal emptying on the basic renogram.
Clotting Problems with the Teflon-Silastic Arteriovenous Shunt in Patients on Regular Haemodialysis
Authors: M. Papadimitriou, R. N. P. Carroll, A. E. Kulatilake
Journal: BMJ (1969)

Episodes of clotting that occurred in 22 patients on regular haemodialysis were studied over a six-month period. The venous pressure during dialysis and the radiology of the Teflon-Silastic arteriovenous shunt were found to be satisfactory guides for the management of the shunt. The failure of the shunt during the early stage was mainly due to technical reasons. Histological study of the excised vessels in removed long-term shunts showed that these had failed because of rigidity and thickening of the vessel wall due to calcium and iron deposits or chronic inflammation, or both.
Insulin Resistance Associated with Androgen Excess in Women with Autoantibodies to the Insulin Receptor
Authors: SIMEON I. TAYLOR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Hirsutism, polycystic ovaries, and elevated levels of plasma testosterone are characteristic clinical features in women with extreme insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans. Extreme insulin resistance resulting from autoantibodies to the insulin receptor (type B extreme insulin resistance) had been considered an exception to this generalization. A woman with type B extreme insulin resistance developed clinical evidence of masculinization in association with a markedly elevated level of plasma testosterone (1000 ng/dL). In nine women with autoantibodies to the insulin receptor, excessive ovarian production of testosterone was a common feature among the premenopausal patients. Postmenopausal patients rarely developed elevated levels of plasma testosterone, presumably as a result of ovarian failure. Overproduction of testosterone may result from a direct effect of hyperinsulinemia on the ovary.
Novartis takes legal action over trusts' advice to use bevacizumab for wet AMD
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2012)

The drug company Novartis is taking a primary care trust cluster on the south coast of England to court over its decision to give NHS ophthalmologists the option to use the cheaper bevacizumab (marketed as Avastin) for wet age related macular degeneration (AMD) rather than the considerably more expensive ranibizumab (Lucentis).

Bevacizumab and ranibizumab are derived from the same antibody and work by blocking vascular endothelial growth factor. In the United Kingdom they are both marketed by Novartis. Ranibizumab costs £890 (€1090; $1440) a dose, is licensed for injection into the eye specifically to treat macular degeneration, and has been recommended by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) for the treatment of wet AMD. Avastin is licensed for treating cancer and costs between £50 and £100 a dose.

In September last year the board of the Southampton, Hampshire, Isle of Wight, and Portsmouth primary care trust (PCT) cluster agreed to fund bevacizumab to treat wet AMD by NHS ophthalmologists to save money. The cluster estimated that a switch could save £5m a year. Novartis has asked …
Measurement of plasma DNA by a physiochemical method: relevance in SLE.
Authors: P Klemp, O.L Meyers, E.H Harley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

Plasma DNA has been measured by a new physiochemical approach based on fluorimetric analysis of phenol extracted nucleic acids electrophoresed on polyacrylamide gels. This method is specific for native double-stranded DNA of molecular weight greater than 5 x 10(6). The use of plasma rigorously freed of leucocytes is essential to prevent falsely high values. When such precautions are taken levels seldom exceed 50 ng/ml in normal individuals. Plasma DNA was assayed in 107 samples from 47 patients with both active and inactive systemic lupus erythematosus. In direct contrast to several previous reports no significant increase of plasma DNA was found.
Influenza A (H7N9) and the Importance of Digital Epidemiology
Authors: Marcel Salathé, Clark C. Freifeld, Sumiko R. Mekaru, Anna F. Tomasulo, John S. Brownstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

In recent outbreaks including that of novel H7N9 influenza, digital disease surveillance has supplemented laboratory studies and work by public health officials and epidemiologists, by leveraging widespread use of the Internet, mobile phones, and social media.
Urine Cobalt in Iron Deficiency
Authors: FRED ROSNER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 January 1973Urine Cobalt in Iron DeficiencyFRED ROSNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.FRED ROSNER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-1-155_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In their article describing a cobalt test for the detection of iron deficiency anemia (p. 181, August 1972), Drs. Valberg, Sorbie, Corbett, and Ludwig do not discuss a major drawback of the method. To obtain an adequate urine collection from an elderly, possibly incontinent, bedridden patient is a formidable task that requires the cooperation of several persons in addition to the patient. This is not always possible in a large municipal hospital such as ours.Because of difficulties in proper urine collection, we have been forced to modify the commonly used Schilling test for diagnosis of pernicious...Reference1. ARKUNMILLERMEYER SIL: Vitamin B12 absorption test. Acta Haematol (Basel) 41:341-348, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. VALBERGSORBIECORBETTLUDWIG LJWJ: Cobalt test for the detection of iron deficiency anemia. Ann Intern Med 77:181-187, 1972 LinkGoogle Scholar2. FAIRBANKS V: Is the peripheral blood film reliable for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia? Am J Clin Pathol 55:447-451, 1971 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. FAIRBANKS V: Diagnostic tests for iron deficiency (editorial). Ann Intern Med 75:640-642, 1971 LinkGoogle Scholar4. BEUTLERROBSONBUTTENWIESER EME: A comparison of the plasma iron, iron-binding capacity, sternal marrow iron and other methods in the clinical evaluation of iron stores. Ann Intern Med 48:60-82, 1958 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Department of Hematology Queens Hospital Center Affiliation Long Island Jewish-Hillside Medical Center Jamaica, N.Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1973Volume 78, Issue 1Page: 155-156KeywordsElderlyIron deficiencyIron deficiency anemiaUrine Issue Published: 1 January 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Long-Term Administration of Norethindrone in Fertility Control
Authors: Edris Rice-Wray
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Fertility control by cyclic norethindrone administration was studied in 364 women over a period of 32 months, for a total of 6,062 cycles. The agent was effective, harmless, and more acceptable than any other method available. Subsequent fertility was unimpaired. There were additional desirable effects, including regularization and diminution of menstrual flow and decrease of dysmenorrhea.
THE SECONDARY IMMUNE RESPONSE TO A HAPTEN IN VITRO
Authors: Norman R. Klinman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

The in vitro secondary stimulation of the production of anti-hapten antibody has been analyzed with a view to elucidating the role of the carrier molecule and cell-to-cell interactions in this response. Stimulation was carried out on fragment cultures of the spleens of irradiated BALB/c mice which had been reconstituted with 3-4 x 10(7) spleen cells from isologous mice previously immunized with DNP-Hy. The results indicated that the response was maximized by stimulation with DNP-Hy, the homologous complex, however anti-DNP antibody production could be obtained by stimulation with DNP on several nonhomologous carriers including poly-D-lysine, a poor immunogen. The results also indicated that while DNP-Hy and DNP-nonhomologous-carrier complexes were stimulatory at equally low DNP concentrations, at DNP concentrations over 10(-6)M DNP-Hy was stimulatory, while DNP on nonhomologous carriers was inhibitory. The results are interpreted as indicating that: (a) the affinity of the antigen-cell interaction is more likely determined by multivalent binding than by carrier recognition, (b) that a stimulatory interaction of a polyvalent antigen with a B-lymphocyte cannot be excluded, (c) that if cell-to-cell interaction is necessary for stimulation, then both cells may recognize the same determinant, and (d) that the marked enhancement of antigenic stimulation attributable to carrier recognition may result from stimulatory interactions of cells recognizing different antigenic determinants. A mechanism is postulated whereby stimulation is dependent on the formation of stable complexes resulting from two cells sharing in the binding of numerous antigen molecules. Cells recognizing carrier determinants would increase the probability of such interactions particularly at high antigen concentrations.