tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Validity of the Astrand-Ryhming nomogram for predicting maximal oxygen intake.
Authors: R. E. Cink, T. R. Thomas
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1981)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of the predicted VO2 max from the Astrand-Ryhming nomogram, using the cycle ergometer as the sole exercise mode and following the recommended submaximal test protocol. In addition, two sets of age correction factors were compared for accuracy. Using the Astrand age correction factors, the SEE of the predicted VO2 max for the 40 male subjects was .42 L.min-1 or 5.7 ml.kg-1.min-1, (r = .76 and .83, respectively); there was no significant difference between the measured and the predicted means. Although virtually identical SEE and r were found when applying the von Dobeln age correction factors, a significantly lower predicted mean was found (p less than .05), which indicated a consistent tendency to underestimate the actual VO2 max. These results suggest that the Astrand age correction factors should be used in conjunction with the Astrand-Ryhming nomogram, especially when classifying subjects into various fitness classifications.
Chronic myeloid leukaemia of adult type in 5-month-old infant.
Authors: A Boque, R G Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1977)

takc extra salt, and warned that dehydration in saunas might be dangerous.He went to a health farm, where his diet consisted solely of grapefruit juice (supplcmented with celery salt).He had a 10-to 15-minute sauna each morning.During the first three days he lost 4-5 kg.On the fourth day he became confused, ataxic, and tremulous; his diet was immediately increased and saunas were stopped.Next day, after no further lithium, he was still obviously ill and his GP was called.His serum lithium concentration was 1-6 mmol 1.The patient's wife then restarted the lithium at the reduced dosage of 800 mg a day.I saw him five days later.Although improving, he had slurred speech, mild ataxia, and mild impairment of memory.Thc serum lithium concentra- tion was now 1 1 mmol 1.One week later hc still had difficulty standing unaided on one leg but this minimal impairment went a few days later.
Targeting Mannose-Binding Lectin Confers Long-Lasting Protection With a Surprisingly Wide Therapeutic Window in Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Franca Orsini, Pia Villa, Sara Parrella, Rosalia Zangari, Elisa R. Zanier, Raffaella Gesuete, Matteo Stravalaci, Stefano Fumagalli, Roberta Ottria, José J. Reina, Alessandra Paladini, Edoardo Micotti, Renato Ribeiro-Viana, Javier Rojo, Vasile I. Pavlov, Gregory L. Stahl, Anna Bernardi, Marco Gobbi, Maria-Grazia De Simoni
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The involvement of the complement system in brain injury has been scarcely investigated. Here, we document the pivotal role of mannose-binding lectin (MBL), one of the recognition molecules of the lectin complement pathway, in brain ischemic injury.Focal cerebral ischemia was induced in mice (by permanent or transient middle cerebral artery occlusion) and rats (by 3-vessel occlusion). We first observed that MBL is deposited on ischemic vessels up to 48 hours after injury and that functional MBL/MBL-associated serine protease 2 complexes are increased. Next, we demonstrated that (1) MBL(-/-) mice are protected from both transient and permanent ischemic injury; (2) Polyman2, the newly synthesized mannosylated molecule selected for its binding to MBL, improves neurological deficits and infarct volume when given up to 24 hours after ischemia in mice; (3) anti-MBL-A antibody improves neurological deficits and infarct volume when given up to 18 hours after ischemia, as assessed after 28 days in rats.Our data show an important role for MBL in the pathogenesis of brain ischemic injury and provide a strong support to the concept that MBL inhibition may be a relevant therapeutic target in humans, one with a wide therapeutic window of application.
Principles of Cosmetics for the Dermatologist
Authors: Sylvia F. Griem
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This book is a collection of presentations made at an international symposium entitled "Principles of Cosmetics for the Dermatologist" in Miami in 1980. The 49 contributors are of diverse backgrounds and include physicians, cosmetic chemists, biologists, and engineers. There are eight broad categories: soaps and shampoos, skin surface texture modifiers, deodorants and antiperspirants, fragrances, coloring agents, hair products, nail products, and sunscreens. Within them is a large body of valuable information about uses, formulation, and testing of cosmetics. Adverse reactions to cosmetics are considered, as are cosmetics for people with special requirements and the use of cosmetics in the management of dermatologic problems. The dermatologist who is looking for a brief, concise discussion of basic principles of cosmetics may be overwhelmed by the amount of information available in this book. The book in actuality is a basic reference work not only for dermatologists but for cosmetologists, cosmetic chemists, and others
A COMMON DNA POLYMORPHISM OF THE LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) RECEPTOR GENE AND ITS USE IN DIAGNOSIS
Authors: S.E. Humphries, B. Horsthemke, M. Seed, M. Holm, V. Wynn, A.M. Kessling, J.A. Donald, N. Jowett, D.J. Galton, R. Williamson
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
Leucine meal increases glutamine and total nitrogen release from forearm muscle.
Authors: T T Aoki, M F Brennan, G F Fitzpatrick, D C Knight
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

To assess the consequences of elevated branched chain amino acid levels on alanine, glutamine, and ammonia metabolism in muscle, L-leucine meals (14.7 g) were consumed by six normal postabsorptive individuals. Bilateral forearm studies were performed, and the dominant arm was subjected to 15 min of light exercise, using a calibrated dynamometer, beginning 45 min after the ingestion of the meal. Large uptakes of leucine were seen across both forearm muscle beds within 30 min of the meal. After exercise, blood flow in the dominant arm increased from 3.1 +/- 0.4 to 5.2 +/- 0.9 ml/100 ml forearm per minute (mean +/- SEM, P less than 0.005). Glutamine flux out of the dominant forearm increased threefold after the ingestion of the leucine meal and increased eightfold over base line after exercise. Less marked changes (significant only at 90 min) in the nonexercised, nondominant arm were also seen. Alanine flux out of the dominant forearm muscle bed increased modestly at 75 and 90 min. No significant change in ammonia flux across either forearm muscle bed was noted. Unexpectedly, large and significant net nitrogen loss from both forearm muscle beds was documented. Thus, following the ingestion of a leucine meal and light exercise, the primary means by which excess nitrogen is routed out of muscle is via glutamine formation and release with alanine and ammonia pathways playing relatively minor roles. More importantly, the ingestion of significant amounts of leucine by normal subjects, presumably in optimal nitrogen balance, results in a net loss of nitrogen from muscle.
Effect of long-term cimetidine on gastric acid secretion, serum gastrin, and gastric emptying.
Authors: J A Forrest, M R Fettes, G P McLoughlin, R C Heading
Journal: Gut (1979)

Gastric acid secretion, gastric emptying, fasting serum gastrin and the serum gastrin response to a meal were measured in duodenal ulcer patients before, and at least five days after completing prolonged treatment with cimetidine (1 or 2 g/day for four or eight weeks followed by 600 mg twice daily for six months). Fasting serum gastrin and the gastrin response were also measured during treatment. Compared with pretreatment values, fasting serum gastrin concentrations were raised both during and five to 31 days after stopping treatment (P less than or equal to 0.02). The integrated gastrin response and the rate of gastric emptying of the solid component of the meal were increased during treatment (P less than 0.001 and P less than 0.002 respectively) but returned to pretreatment levels after stopping therapy. No significant changes were observed in the basal or maximal acid outputs or the rate of emptying of the liquid component of the meal. The results imply that the hypergastrinaemia associated with long-term cimetidine therapy does not result in increased gastric acid secretion.
Central and Peripheral Cardiovascular Changes Following Chemical Stimulation of the Surface of the Dog's Heart
Authors: D. H. Bergel, G. S. Makin
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1967)

Epicardial stimulation of the left ventricle with nicotine in open-chest anaesthetized dogs produced a vagally mediated reflex fall in heart rate and blood pressure. In addition, reflex increase in femoral arterial blood flow was due to cholinergic sympathetic activation to skeletal muscle vessels. Epicardial stimulation also produced reflex depression of left ventricular force. The epicardial chemoreflex was inactivated by prior intracoronary injection of veratrine.
Ergometrine and the Undiagnosed Twin
Authors: R. H. Stearn
Journal: BMJ (1967)

BmEDICJU 51 medical control.Major side-effects--osteo- porosis and Cushing's syndrome-can be mitigated with anabolic hormones, potassium, diuretics, change of steroid preparation, and most effectively with short-term treatment, which presented no addiction symptoms.The percentage of deaths from asthma remained unchanged before and after the steroid era (0.7%).We lost 38 steroidtreated patients in the past 10 years, of whom seven died in acute adrenal failure, verified in all cases by necropsy and histology.
Myelolipoma: A new adrenal finding in Carney’s complex?
Authors: Alfredo A. Reza-Albarrán, Francisco J. Gómez-Pérez, Juan C. López, Miguel Herrera, Armando Gamboa-Dominguez, Candace Keirns, A. Aranda, Juan A. Rull
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (1999)
Speculation on Pathogenesis in Death from Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection
Authors: P. S. Gardner, J. McQuillin, S. D. M. Court
Journal: BMJ (1970)

The lungs of three infants, two with bronchiolitis and one with pneumonia, were examined by fluorescent antibody techniques for the distribution of respiratory syncytial (R.S.) virus, and also for the presence of human globulin. In bronchiolitis the lungs contained little virus, whereas in pneumonia virus was abundant and widespread; and, paradoxically, while in bronchiolitis human globulin had the same scanty distribution as virus it was absent in pneumonia. It is suggested that the essential process in bronchiolitis is a widespread type 1 allergic reaction dependent on a second encounter with R.S. virus antigen, whereas in R.S. virus pneumonia the mucosal necrosis and alveolar and interstitial inflammation are the result of direct virus damage to the lungs. The alternative explanation put forward is that the process may be a type 3 allergic reaction.
Printing error reveals effectiveness of public health promotion
Authors: Ognjen Brborovic
Journal: BMJ (2004)

I worked on the organising committee of the First Croatian Congress of Preventive Medicine, held in Zagreb in November 2003. This was the first conference focused on health and prevention in Croatia, and our primary goals were to mobilise public health forces countrywide and to get public attention on health and keep it there. Among other activities, we created the 2004 Calendar of Health, which went to all …
Tuberculin Test in Children with Malnutrition
Authors: A. V. C. Lloyd
Journal: BMJ (1968)

Tuberculin tests with Heaf's multiple-puncture method, as well as intradermal tests with varying strengths of old tuberculin, were carried out on 402 children with severe malnutrition. From the radiological and bacteriological findings 51 children (12.5%) were considered to have active tuberculosis. The Heaf test was positive in only 11 of these children, but the intradermal test using 100 tuberculin units was positive in a further 18. This confirms previous findings that tuberculin sensitivity is impaired in malnourished children, and suggests that a higher dose of tuberculin is more likely to elicit a positive response.
Safety and efficacy of colistin in Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas infections: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Rosa Reina, Elisa Estenssoro, Gabriela Sáenz, Héctor S. Canales, Romina Gonzalvo, Gabriela Vidal, Gustavo Martins, Andrea Das Neves, Oscar Santander, Carlos Ramos
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2005)
Viscous interactions of hyaluronic acid with some proteins and neutral saccharides.
Authors: J R Fraser, W K Foo, J S Maritz
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1972)

Hippocampal interneurons synchronize the activity of large neuronal ensembles during memory consolidation. Although the latter process is manifested as increases in synaptic efficacy which require new protein synthesis in pyramidal neurons, it is unknown whether such enduring plasticity occurs in interneurons. Here, we uncover a long-term potentiation (LTP) of transmission at individual interneuron excitatory synapses which persists for at least 24 h, after repetitive activation of type-1 metabotropic glutamate receptors [mGluR1-mediated chemical late LTP (cL-LTP<sub>mGluR1</sub>)]. cL-LTP<sub>mGluR1</sub> involves presynaptic and postsynaptic expression mechanisms and requires both transcription and translation via phosphoinositide 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin and MAP kinase kinase-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase signaling pathways. Moreover, cL-LTP<sub>mGluR1</sub> involves translational control at the level of initiation as it is prevented by hippuristanol, an inhibitor of eIF4A, and facilitated in mice lacking the cap-dependent translational repressor, 4E-BP. Our results reveal novel mechanisms of long-term synaptic plasticity that are transcription and translation-dependent in inhibitory interneurons, indicating that persistent synaptic modifications in interneuron circuits may contribute to hippocampal-dependent cognitive processes.
Evaluation of the danger signal HMGB1 as a potential biomarker in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA): a preliminary study using the novel biobank jabba
Authors: Hanna Schierbeck, Rille Pullerits, Chris Pruunsild, Marie Fischer, Dirk Holzinger, Karin Palmblad, Ann-Charlotte Aveberger, Erik Sundberg, Helena Erlandsson Harris
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2012)

<h3>Backgroundand objectives</h3> The endogenous danger signal High Mobility Group Box protein 1 (HMGB1) promotes inflammation. HMGB1 has been implicated as a mediator of RA while there are no reports describing its presence in JIA patient samples. HMGB1 is aberrantly expressed in the synovitis of RA patients, intraarticular injection of HMGB1 induces arthritis in mice and HMGB1 blockade has beneficial effects in several different experimental disease models, including arthritis. In this study, the aim was to determine whether HMGB1 is extracellularly increased during JIA and, if so, to correlate the HMGB1 levels both with other more well-described laboratory parameters and with clinical parameters such as age at onset and disease duration. This type of descriptive study forms the basis for the evaluation of HMGB1 as a biomarker of inflammatory activity during JIA and as a potential therapeutic target. The newly established JIA biobank JABBA coupled to a clinical register gives us a unique opportunity to study JIA pathogenesis. <h3>Materials and methods</h3> Plasma and synovial fluid (SF) was collected from 23 patients with JIA (median age 12 (2–18)) at Astrid Lindgren Children9s hospital, Stockholm, Sweden and at Tartu University Children9s Hospital, Estonia. Samples were analysed by ELISA and Cytometric bead array (CBA) to measure levels of HMGB1, MMP-3, sRAGE, IL-12p70, TNF, IL-10, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-8, MCP-1, IP-10, RANTES, IFNγ, IFNα and IL-17A. <h3>Results</h3> Increased HMGB1 levels were recorded in SF as compared to plasma from JIA patients. Highest levels of HMGB1 were recorded in patients with a disease onset in early age (before age 10), while no correlation between the HMGB1 levels and disease duration was evident. In contrast, both S100 and IL-8 levels correlated with disease duration being highest during early stages of disease. MMP-3, a marker of cartilage destruction, was higher in patients with late disease onset which indicates similarities with RA. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The increased levels of HMGB1 in inflamed joints of JIA patients warrants further studies of HMGB1 as a biomarker for inflammatory activity and as a target for therapy. The correlation of HMGB1 levels with age at disease onset and continuously high levels irrespective of disease duration indicates, together with the decreasing levels of S100 and IL-8 during the disease course, that the inflammatory process in JIA evolves over time. Different mediators might thus be of varying importance during the disease progression. The authors conclude that the role of HMGB1 in the pathogenesis of JIA deserves further investigation.
Erosive candidiasis of the scalp, followed by the reappearance of black hair after 40 years
Authors: JULIAN VERBOV
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

A female aged 72 years developed an erosive pustular dermatosis of the anterior scalp from which Candida albicans was repeatedly cultured. The infected area was bald, but on recovery hair regrew and much of this was black although it had been white for the previous 40 years.
Bone Scanning in Screening for Metastatic Disease
Authors: James R. Tiegs
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Bone scanning with use of technetium Tc 99m etidronate (formerly diphosphonate) has achieved widespread acceptance as a method for detecting metastasis in the face of negative roentgenograms. Recently, in an article entitled "Screening for Bone Metastasis: Are Only Scans Necessary?" by D. A. Pistenma et al (231:46, 1975), bone scanning of patients with proved primary carcinoma is advocated as the primary approach to the metastatic survey. A similar conclusion is drawn in an article entitled "Bone Scanning in Osseous Metastatic Diseases" by Robert O'Mara, MD (229:1915, 1974). Obviously, no test is perfect and a small percentage of patients with roentgenographically demonstrable metastases will have a normal-appearing scan. We believe the study is overused, and recently ran a prospective bone scintigraphic study in an effort to correlate bone scan findings with clinical symptoms of pain and the ability to elicit pain on physical examination by the physician in
C3 PROACTIVATOR CONVERTASE AND ITS MODE OF ACTION
Authors: Hans J. Müller-Eberhard, Otto Götze
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

The activity in human serum which is responsible for conversion of C3 proactivator (C3PA) to C3 activator was shown to reside in a 3S alpha-globulin. The factor, called C3PA convertase (C3PAse), was obtained in partially purified form. For conversion of C3PA, C3PAse required participation of metal ions and of a C3 fragment, which in physicochemical and antigenic properties resembled C3b. Isolated, native C3 failed to substitute for the fragment, but did restore the impaired C3 activator system in hydrazine-treated serum. Unlike native C3, the C3 fragment initiated conversion of C3PA in whole serum. A hypothetical concept which envisions the C3 fragment as effector of C3PAse has been proposed.
Lenalidomide therapy in treatment-refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus: Histologic and circulating leukocyte profile and potential risk of a systemic lupus flare
Authors: Inbal Braunstein, Noah G. Goodman, Misha Rosenbach, Joyce Okawa, Asha Shah, Michael Krathen, Carrie L. Kovarik, Eline Luning Prak, Victoria P. Werth
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2011)
The Rape of the Phallus
Authors: William Keith C. Morgan
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Surgical operations fall into three types. First, there are those which are socially acceptable and which can be discussed in public without embarassment; second, there are those such as hemorrhoidectomy which do not qualify as conversation pieces and generally are mentioned only in whispers; and last, there are those which are actually thought to add to the social status of the incised subject. Those in the latter category pass rapidly in and out of favor. While nephropexy was in vogue 30 years ago, 10 to 15 years later tonsillectomy was popular, and currently such exotic operations as hiatus hernia repair are the real status symbols. Before an operation can be accepted as likely to add to one's social status, certain criteria have to be fulfilled: the operation must be performed on a U part of the body, preferably the symptoms which it aims to relieve should be vague and supratentorial
Incomplete Financial Disclosure for Study of Funding and Outcomes in Major Cardiovascular Trials
Authors: Paul M Ridker
Journal: JAMA (2006)

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Manganoporphyrins Increase Ascorbate-Induced Cytotoxicity by Enhancing H2O2 Generation
Authors: Malvika Rawal, Samuel R. Schroeder, Brett A. Wagner, Cameron M. Cushing, Jessemae L. Welsh, Anna M. Button, Juan Du, Zita A. Sibenaller, Garry R. Buettner, Joseph J. Cullen
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Renewed interest in using pharmacological ascorbate (AscH-) to treat cancer has prompted interest in leveraging its cytotoxic mechanism of action. A central feature of AscH- action in cancer cells is its ability to act as an electron donor to O2 for generating H2O2. We hypothesized that catalytic manganoporphyrins (MnP) would increase AscH- oxidation rates, thereby increasing H2O2 fluxes and cytotoxicity. Three different MnPs were tested (MnTBAP, MnT2EPyP, and MnT4MPyP), exhibiting a range of physicochemical and thermodynamic properties. Of the MnPs tested, MnT4MPyP exerted the greatest effect on increasing the rate of AscH- oxidation as determined by the concentration of ascorbate radical [Asc•-] and the rate of oxygen consumption. At concentrations that had minimal effects alone, combining MnPs and AscH- synergized to decrease clonogenic survival in human pancreatic cancer cells. This cytotoxic effect was reversed by catalase, but not superoxide dismutase, consistent with a mechanism mediated by H2O2. MnPs increased steady-state concentrations of Asc•- upon ex vivo addition to whole blood obtained either from mice infused with AscH- or patients treated with pharmacologic AscH-. Finally, tumor growth in vivo was inhibited more effectively by combining MnT4MPyP with AscH-. We concluded that MnPs increase the rate of oxidation of AscH- to leverage H2O2 flux and ascorbate-induced cytotoxicity.