tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The course of the conduction system in single ventricle with inverted (L-) loop and inverted (L-) transposition.
Authors: S Bharati, M Lev
Journal: Circulation (1975)

The conduction systems of three hearts with single ventricle and inverted (L-) loop and inverted (L-) transposition were studied by serial section. The course of the conduction system was similar in all three hearts. The regular (posterior) atrioventricular (A-V) node was rudimentary and did not form the bundle of His. An accessory (anterior) A-V node was present in the roof of the right atrium. This node pierced the connective tissue adjacent to the right side of the pulmonary annulus to form the bundle of His. The bundle proceeded into the main ventricular chamber lying on the septum between this chamber and the small outlet chamber. It bifurcated a varying distance from the defect in this septum. The right bundle branch proceeded through the septal wall to the trabeculae of the outlet chamber. The left bundle branch proceeded to caudad on the anterior wall of the main ventricular chamber. An unusual feature in one case was the splitting of the anterior node into two parts, one forming the bundle of His, and the other giving off Mahaim fibers to the ventricular myocardium. The surgical importance of avoiding the right side of the pulmonary annulus and the region adjoining the defect is stressed.
Autumn Books: American attitude to death
Authors: E Wilkes
Journal: BMJ (1982)

WILKESIf one seeks popularity above all else with one's professional colleagues, it helps if one does not fight for new posts or scarce research funding, but just gets on with one's work competently and quietly-nothing succeeds like failure.This is not the story of Elisabeth Kubler-Ross.She has come a long way since those famous seminars in Chicago with young students and dying patients.She is now a world-renowned figure, whose books have sold over two million copies.She is a superb communicator, a magnificent populariser, and her standing with the medical establishment must be among the least of her worries.She had dabbled in what, to the distant outsider, smacks of spiritualism: she is president of the Shanti Nilaya Growth and Healing Centre, which she founded herself some five years ago, and which she hopes will speed her message across America.No wonder a querulous transatlantic professor has been heard to complain that she has made more money out of death than anyone since Genghis Khan.This small curate's egg of a book consists of three parts: an essay on children dying, mainly from leukaemia, a chapter by Gregg M Furth on the use of drawings (figure), and a final chapter in the form of a dialogue with an experienced emergency Last two in a series of three pictures drawn by a 6-year-old girl with leukaemia.
Overdose treatment. Addict folklore and medical reality
Authors: R. E. Kaufman
Journal: JAMA (1974)

One hundred addicts were questioned about their methods of recognizing and treating opiate overdosage. They described three categories of treatment: external stimulants, "intravenous homemades," and intravenously given pharmacologics. These remedies were at variance with accepted medical therapy. In addition, where they may have some efficacy in borderline cases, any benefits are outweighed by the possibility of exacerbating the overdose effects. These treatments may also contribute to addict morbidity in the form of aspiration, infection, and trauma.
Tangeretin Sensitizes Cisplatin-Resistant Human Ovarian Cancer Cells through Downregulation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase/Akt Signaling Pathway
Authors: El-Shaimaa A. Arafa, Qianzheng Zhu, Bassant M. Barakat, Gulzar Wani, Qun Zhao, Mohamed A. El-Mahdy, Altaf A. Wani
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Combination of innocuous dietary components with anticancer drugs is an emerging new strategy for cancer chemotherapy to increase antitumor responses. Tangeretin is a citrus flavonoid known to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Here, we show an enhanced response of A2780/CP70 and 2008/C13 cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells to various combination treatments of cisplatin and tangeretin. Pretreatment of cells with tangeretin before cisplatin treatment synergistically inhibited cancer cell proliferation. This combination was effective in activating apoptosis via caspase cascade as well as arresting cell cycle at G(2)-M phase. Moreover, phospho-Akt and its downstream substrates, e.g., NF-kappaB, phospho-GSK-3beta, and phospho-BAD, were downregulated upon tangeretin-cisplatin treatment. The tangeretin-cisplatin-induced apoptosis in A2780/CP70 cells was increased by phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibition and siRNA-mediated Akt silencing, but reduced by overexpression of constitutively activated Akt and GSK-3beta inhibition. The overall results indicated that tangeretin exposure preconditions cisplatin-resistant human ovarian cancer cells for a conventional response to low-dose cisplatin-induced cell death occurring through downregulation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Thus, effectiveness of tangeretin combinations, as a promising modality in the treatment of resistant cancers, warrants systematic clinical studies.
CAPPER'S WEEKLY AND THE GREAT AMERICAN FRAUD
Authors: R. C. Hunt
Journal: JAMA (1922)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —An editorial appeared in the Fairmont (Minn.)<i>Daily Sentinel</i>for October 6 criticizing<i>Capper's Weekly</i>, the personal organ of Senator Arthur Capper from Kansas. On reading the senator's publication, one is shocked at the class of the medical advertising contained therein. Here is part of the<i>Sentinel's</i>editorial: But our chief grievance against Senator Capper is not as a statesman and a legislator, but as a newspaper publisher and proprietor. <i>Capper's Weekly</i>, Senator Capper's own personal organ, claims a circulation of 700,000. Senator Capper writes extensively for every issue, and it is touted as "a Champion of Human Welfare and the Square Deal." A recent issue before us contains a lengthy article, over a facsimile of the senator's signature, in which he expresses deep concern for boys and girls, and in chaste and beautiful English, gives advice which he hopes will save them from the allurements of
Passive electrical properties, mechanical activity, and extracellular potassium in arterially perfused and ischemic rabbit ventricular muscle. Effects of calcium entry blockade or hypocalcemia.
Authors: W E Cascio, G X Yan, A G Kléber
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

The relation among passive electrical resistive properties, longitudinal conduction velocity, extracellular potassium concentration, [K+]o, and mechanical activity was investigated in the isolated rabbit papillary muscle during normal arterial perfusion and no-flow ischemia in the presence and absence of verapamil, or a reduced extracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]o. During normal arterial perfusion, verapamil (0.5 microM, free [Ca2+]o = 1.0 mM) and hypocalcemic blood perfusate (free [Ca2+]o = 0.4 mM) reduced the maximal isometric twitch tension by 48% and 78%, depolarized the resting membrane by +3 and +7 mV, decreased the extracellular longitudinal resistance (ro) by 15% and 26%, and increased conduction velocity by 4% and 6%, respectively. The changes in conduction velocity during these interventions were consistent with those predicted by linear cable theory (+3% and +9%) for the observed changes in ro. In contrast, verapamil shortened whereas a reduced [Ca2+]o lengthened action potential duration. Comparison of simultaneously measured longitudinal whole tissue resistance (rt), intracellular longitudinal resistance (ri), [K+]o, and resting tension during ischemia showed a close association between abrupt cell-to-cell electrical uncoupling, development of ischemic contracture, and the secondary rise of [K+]o, which all started to develop after approximately 15 minutes of ischemia. Electrical cell-to-cell uncoupling was completed within 15 minutes. In the presence of verapamil, the relation among the onset of electrical cell-to-cell uncoupling, secondary rise of [K+]o, and onset of ischemic contracture in ischemia was qualitatively the same as in its absence; however, these events were postponed by approximately 10 minutes, and the rates of contracture development and uncoupling were diminished. Conduction velocity decreased after 12 minutes of ischemia from 54 to 36 cm/sec in the absence of and from 61 to 46 cm/sec in the presence of verapamil. This slowing effect on impulse conduction could not be attributed to changes of electrical cell-to-cell coupling because at this time an increase in ri had not yet taken place. In the presence of a reduced [Ca2+]o, the resting tension and ri increased almost immediately after the onset of ischemia. Although the resting tension rose progressively throughout the course of ischemia, the ri showed a biphasic increase characterized by an early transient increase that reached a peak at 8 minutes (+87%) and a second, irreversible increase beginning at approximately 12 minutes. This final onset of electrical cell-to-cell uncoupling and the secondary rise of [K+]o were not different from the findings with a normal [Ca2+]o.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
When Doctors Get Sick
Authors: Carol Hutner Winograd
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 September 1998When Doctors Get SickCarol Hutner Winograd, MDCarol Hutner Winograd, MDStanford, CA 94305Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-6-199809150-00024 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:With considerable personal expertise, I read Spiro and Mandell's "When Doctors Get Sick" [1]. I have pandysautonomia and widespread rheumatologic abnormalities, have had four extended hospitalizations, and have been on total disability more than 3 years.Being seriously ill has certainly not been, as the authors stated, "a foretaste of retirement" or "the leisure for reveries." Being ill demands reevaluating priorities, a task that requires challenging introspection, and is a far cry from the ease and pleasure implied by the authors' choice of words. Illness leads to a descent into darkness and the unknown. The physician–patient, stripped ...References1. Spiro HM, Mandell HN. When doctors get sick. Ann Intern Med. 1998; 128:152-4. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Carol Hutner Winograd, MDAffiliations: Stanford, CA 94305 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 September 1998Volume 129, Issue 6Page: 509-510KeywordsAcademic medicineChartsDisabilitiesEmotionsFearHospitalizations ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 September 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cost effectiveness analysis of strategies for maternal and neonatal health in developing countries
Authors: Taghreed Adam, Stephen S Lim, Sumi Mehta, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Helga Fogstad, Matthews Mathai, Jelka Zupan, Gary L Darmstadt
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To determine the costs and benefits of interventions for maternal and newborn health to assess the appropriateness of current strategies and guide future plans to attain the millennium development goals. <b>Design</b> Cost effectiveness analysis. <b>Setting</b> Two regions classified by the World Health Organization according to their epidemiological grouping: Afr-E, those countries in sub-Saharan Africa with very high adult and high child mortality, and Sear-D, comprising countries in South East Asia with high adult and high child mortality. <b>Data sources</b> Effectiveness data from several sources, including trials, observational studies, and expert opinion. For resource inputs, quantities came from WHO guidelines, literature, and expert opinion, and prices from the WHO choosing interventions that are cost effective database. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Cost per disability adjusted life year (DALY) averted in year 2000 international dollars. <b>Results</b> The most cost effective mix of interventions was similar in Afr-E and Sear-D. These were the community based newborn care package, followed by antenatal care (tetanus toxoid, screening for pre-eclampsia, screening and treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria and syphilis); skilled attendance at birth, offering first level maternal and neonatal care around childbirth; and emergency obstetric and neonatal care around and after birth. Screening and treatment of maternal syphilis, community based management of neonatal pneumonia, and steroids given during the antenatal period were relatively less cost effective in Sear-D. Scaling up all of the included interventions to 95% coverage would halve neonatal and maternal deaths. <b>Conclusion</b> Preventive interventions at the community level for newborn babies and at the primary care level for mothers and newborn babies are extremely cost effective, but the millennium development goals for maternal and child health will not be achieved without universal access to clinical services as well.
Task force I: The definition and role of adult cardiologists in the changing scene of cardiology
Authors: James A. Ronan, Suzanne B. Knoebel, C.Richard Conti, Nancy C. Flowers, Arthur C. Fox, Richard L. Popp, Ron J. Vandenbelt, Charles W. Wickliffe, William L. Winters
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Suspend NHS competition rules in London to allow for urgent remodelling of healthcare, says think tank
Authors: M. Limb
Journal: BMJ (2013)

London should be exempted from the NHS regulatory regime in England so that its health services can be radically and urgently remodelled, a healthcare think tank has said.

The King’s Fund said that rules on competition and mergers would have to be either “changed substantially or suspended” to allow trusts to collaborate and set up integrated service networks.

The fund’s chief executive, Chris Ham, said, “Without change, London’s health system is at risk …
Renal bicarbonate reabsorption in the rat. II. Distal tubule load dependence and effect of hypokalemia.
Authors: G Capasso, P Jaeger, G Giebisch, V Guckian, G Malnic
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

We studied two groups of rats acutely loaded with bicarbonate, control rats on a standard diet and rats kept on a K-free diet for 3 wk. Compared with controls, K-depleted rats had reduced fractional excretion of bicarbonate despite their elevated filtered bicarbonate load. Distal bicarbonate reabsorption increased in K-depleted rats. In the presence of almost identical early distal bicarbonate loads (481 +/- 40 pmol/min in controls and 444 +/- 50 pmol/min in K depletion), distal bicarbonate reabsorption was significantly enhanced in K depletion (247 +/- 17 pmol/min) as compared with controls (179 +/- 18 pmol/min). These values are significantly different from each other, and both are severalfold higher than bicarbonate reabsorption in nonloaded conditions. In conclusion, distal bicarbonate reabsorption is load dependent, and distal bicarbonate reabsorption is stimulated in K depletion.
<i>Lactobacillus acidophilus</i>NCFM affects vitamin E acetate metabolism and intestinal bile acid signature in monocolonized mice
Authors: Henrik M Roager, Karolina Sulek, Kasper Skov, Henrik L Frandsen, Jørn Smedsgaard, Andrea Wilcks, Thomas H Skov, Silas G Villas-Boas, Tine R Licht
Journal: Gut Microbes (2014)

Monocolonization of germ-free (GF) mice enables the study of specific bacterial species in vivo. Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFMTM (NCFM) is a probiotic strain; however, many of the mechanisms behind its health-promoting effect remain unknown. Here, we studied the effects of NCFM on the metabolome of jejunum, cecum, and colon of NCFM monocolonized (MC) and GF mice using liquid chromatography coupled to mass-spectrometry (LC-MS). The study adds to existing evidence that NCFM in vivo affects the bile acid signature of mice, in particular by deconjugation. Furthermore, we confirmed that carbohydrate metabolism is affected by NCFM in the mouse intestine as especially the digestion of oligosaccharides (penta- and tetrasaccharides) was increased in MC mice. Additionally, levels of α-tocopherol acetate (vitamin E acetate) were higher in the intestine of GF mice than in MC mice, suggesting that NCFM affects the vitamin E acetate metabolism. NCFM did not digest vitamin E acetate in vitro, suggesting that direct bacterial metabolism was not the cause of the altered metabolome in vivo. Taken together, our results suggest that NCFM affects intestinal carbohydrate metabolism, bile acid metabolism and vitamin E metabolism, although it remains to be investigated whether this effect is unique to NCFM.
CGKRK-modified nanoparticles for dual-targeting drug delivery to tumor cells and angiogenic blood vessels
Authors: Quanyin Hu, Xiaoling Gao, Ting Kang, Xingye Feng, Di Jiang, Yifan Tu, Qingxiang Song, Lei Yao, Xinguo Jiang, Hongzhuan Chen, Jun Chen
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells from Normal Guinea Pig Liver: Isolation, Culture and Characterization†
Authors: Gideon R. Shaw, Alice R. Johnson, Werner W. Schulz, Rainer N. Zahlten, Burton Combes
Journal: Hepatology (1984)

Guinea pig nonparenchymal hepatic cells were isolated by enzymatic digestion and subsequent separation on a 17.5% metrizamide gradient. Endothelial cell and Kupffer cell-enriched fractions were separated by centrifugal elutriation. Viability of both cell fractions was approximately 80%. Endothelial cells were cultured on a substratum of guinea pig liver collagen and 1% gelatin (1:1). Freshly isolated and cultured sinusoidal endothelial cells contained Factor VIII R:antigen, angiotensin I converting enzyme activity, and they synthesized prostaglandins characteristic of other endothelial cells. Sieve plates were identified in both freshly isolated and cultured cells. Fresh endothelial cells and Kupffer cells formed Fc receptor-mediated rosettes with IgG-opsonized sheep red blood cells, but cultured endothelial cells did not. Only Kupffer cells demonstrated Fc and C3 receptor-mediated phagocytosis. These methods for isolating and culturing sinusoidal endothelial cells should permit further functional assessment of endothelial cells and their interrelationship with other sinusoidal lining cells.
Unusual Cause of Entire Lung Ventilation-Perfusion Mismatch
Authors: JAMES R. BERGH, WILLIAM PHILLIPS, RALPH BLUMHARDT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

This case demonstrates preferential perfusion with normal bilateral ventilation of a left lung transplanted for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Quantitative ventilation and perfusion imaging was performed using Xe-133 and Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin. Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance of the native diseased lung resulted in increased pulmonary blood flow to the transplanted lung. Ventilation with 100% oxygen did not change the distribution of perfusion.
"A Possible Check to Quackery."
Authors: G. W. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1899)

Washington, D.C., Sept. 19, 1899. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of the 31st ult., inclosing a newspaper slip relative to the liability to the internal revenue stamp tax of remedies furnished to patients, by physicians and companies who advertise in the public prints their ability to cure the various diseases incident to the human body, and requesting to be fully informed as to the rulings of this office on the subject. In reply I inclose you a copy of Circular 501 Revised, dated Jan. 24, 1899, containing the regulations of this office as to the liability of medicinal preparations to the stamp tax under Schedule B, Act of June 13, 1898. On page 5 of said regulations will be found a ruling that the tax is also imposed on the following: All mixtures or prescriptions by whomsoever sold, the demand for
Evidence of macrophage activation in Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAs)
Authors: M. Longley, E. Kellner, S. Hudey, S. Lukas, P. Sriaroon, J. Sleasman, E. Perez, T. Murphy, M. Dorsey
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Early programmes of high and low intensity exercise and quality of life after acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M C Worcester, D L Hare, R G Oliver, M A Reid, A J Goble
Journal: BMJ (1993)

OBJECTIVE--To determine whether a group programme of light exercise could improve quality of life in patients after acute myocardial infarction to the same extent as a high intensity exercise training programme. SETTING--Australian teaching hospital. PATIENTS--224 men from a consecutive series of 339 men under 70 admitted to a coronary care unit with transmural acute myocardial infarction. INTERVENTION--Patients were randomly allocated in hospital to a group programme lasting eight weeks of either high intensity exercise training or light exercise. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Physical working capacity based on metabolic equivalents achieved from treadmill exercise tests at entry, after 11 weeks, and after one year. Quality of life based on self report scores of anxiety, depression, denial, and wellbeing and interview assessments of activities and psychosocial adjustment at entry, after four months, and after one year. RESULTS--The two groups were well matched at entry. At 11 weeks the mean results of treadmill testing were 10.7 (95% confidence interval 10.20 to 11.20) metabolic equivalents for exercise training and 9.7 (9.26 to 10.14) for light exercise (t = 2.85, df = 181, p = 0.005). Apart from this small temporary benefit in mean physical working capacity, there were no significant differences between groups. Improvement in occupational adjustment score from baseline to four months was greater after exercise training than after light exercise, but at one year repeated measures analysis of variance showed no significant effects of treatment or interaction between treatment and time point. CONCLUSION--The effects on quality of life of a low cost programme of light exercise are similar to those obtained from a high intensity exercise training programme.
A proactive and integrated approach works in caring for older people
Authors: P. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2013)

D’Souza and Guptha rightly suggest that reducing beds for older people is not well evidenced policy.1 Their own use of evidence is somewhat selective—for example, quoting Purdy’s King’s Fund 2010 report in support of their case but ignoring her clear statement in favour of hospital at home schemes.2

Many attempts to case manage in …
Nilotinib is effective in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase after imatinib resistance or intolerance: 24-month follow-up results
Authors: Hagop M. Kantarjian, Francis J. Giles, Kapil N. Bhalla, Javier Pinilla-Ibarz, Richard A. Larson, Norbert Gattermann, Oliver G. Ottmann, Andreas Hochhaus, Jerald P. Radich, Giuseppe Saglio, Timothy P. Hughes, Giovanni Martinelli, Dong-Wook Kim, Yaping Shou, Neil J. Gallagher, Rick Blakesley, Michele Baccarani, Jorge Cortes, Philipp D. le Coutre
Journal: Blood (2010)
SCAR AND DYSSYNCHRONY CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PACED MYOCARDIAL SEGMENTS PREDICT CLINICAL RESPONSE TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY
Authors: Jorge Wong, David Scholl, Raymond Yee, John Stirrat, Kris Carter, David McCarty, Nowell Fine, Andrew Krahn, Lorne Gula, Allan Skanes, Peter Leong-Sit, George Klein, Maria Drangova, James A. White
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)