tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Normalization of Composition of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein Subfractions in Diabetic Subjects During Insulin Infusion With Programmable Implantable Medication System
Authors: Angeliki Georgopoulos, Christopher D Saudek
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

Objective –To investigate whether long-term improved glycemic control by intraperitoneal insulin infusion normalizes the compositional abnormalities of triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Research Design and Methods –Seven subjects were studied before and 12–14 mo after initiation of treatment with the programmable implantable medication system (PIMS). Plasma TG levels were measured, and the composition of three TG-rich lipoprotein subfractions (Svedberg flotation [Sf] &amp;gt;400, 100–400, and 20–100) were analyzed before and every 1.5 h for 7.5 h after ingestion of corn oil. Results –PIMS significantly improved glycemic control, as measured by mean blood glucose (P &amp;lt; 0.02), and HbA1 (P &amp;lt;0.001, paired t test) levels. Weight loss was also observed during PIMS treatment. Significant changes occurred in the composition of TG-rich lipoprotein subfractions during PIMS treatment in both the fasting (P &amp;lt; 0.002) and the postprandial (P &amp;lt; 0.0001) state. Most changes were in the direction of nondiabetic values. PIMS treatment reduced the total cholesterol enrichment in IDDM subjects in all three subfractions in the postprandial state and the very-low-density lipoprotein subfractions (Sf 100–400 and 20–100) in the fasting state. Multivariate analysis showed that the compositional changes were affected by improved glycemic control, as assessed by both mean blood glucose and HbA1, whereas the very-low-density lipoprotein compositional changes were by both the improved glycemic control and body weight. Conclusions –In IDDM subjects during PIMS treatment, there was normalization of most abnormalities in the composition of fasting and postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins, including enrichment in total cholesterol, which is considered atherogenic.
GW25-e0438 Ox-LDL Triggers Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis and Heart Failure via Lectin-Like Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-1
Authors: Lin Li, Jianfeng xu, Yong Ye, Junbo Ge, Yunzeng zou, Xuebo liu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Romiplostim safety and efficacy for immune thrombocytopenia in clinical practice: 2-year results of 72 adults in a romiplostim compassionate-use program
Authors: Mehdi Khellaf, Marc Michel, Philippe Quittet, Jean-François Viallard, Magda Alexis, Françoise Roudot-Thoraval, Stéphane Cheze, Jean-Marc Durand, François Lefrère, Lionel Galicier, Olivier Lambotte, Gérard Panelatti, Borhane Slama, Gandhi Damaj, Gérard Sebahoun, Emmanuel Gyan, Xavier Delbrel, Nathalie Dhedin, Bruno Royer, Nicolas Schleinitz, Jean-François Rossi, Matthieu Mahévas, Laetitia Languille, Philippe Bierling, Bertrand Godeau
Journal: Blood (2011)
Nitric oxide and prostacyclin in acute interstitial pneumonia
Authors: T. B L Ho, A. Rhodes
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2002)

Ring lesions on MRI of the brain raise suspicion of abscess or renal cell carcinoma, but seldom both. CASE HISTORYA man of 57 was found unresponsive after three weeks of weight loss, cough with haemoptysis and diplopia.His only noteworthy medical history was ankylosing spondylitis.He was profoundly confused, pyrexial (39.1 8C), cachectic, apathetic and doubly incontinent.On examination he was tachypnoeic and at the right lung base there was percussion dullness, reduced air entry and bronchial breathing; there was weakness in the upper and lower limbs (4/5), most pronounced at the right shoulder (3/5); vertical nystagmus and a pout re¯ex were present.He had a neutrophilia of 28610 9 /L.A chest X-ray demonstrated right lower zone consolidation with a cavitating lesion.MRI of the brain showed 20 rounded lesions with enhancing rims in both hemispheres; the largest, located in the left parietal lobe, measured 2 cm in diameter (Figure 1).An extracerebral collection was present over the right parietal lobe.A chest/ abdomen CT scan showed a moderate left pleural effusion with minor consolidation and a small right pleural effusion with cystic areas containing air±¯uid levels.A soft tissue mass was present in the right kidney.Renal cell carcinoma with cerebral metastases was suspected radiologically, because of the lack of vasogenic oedema surrounding the lesions.However, diagnostic pleural aspiration yielded 30 mL of pus.Bilateral pleural empyemas were aspirated under ultrasound guidance.Multiple brain abscesses were then suspected: the patient was started on intravenous ceftriaxone and metronidazole and transferred for neurosurgery.Stereotactic drainage of pus from the right subdural space con®rmed a subdural empyema.The pus contained Gram-positive cocci.On simultaneous stereotactic biopsy, the largest ring-enhancing lesion was con®rmed histologically as a brain abscess.Back in our department, ultrasound-guided aspiration of the right renal mass yielded 120 mL of pus; a pigtail catheter was inserted and drained a further 150 mL.Streptococcus anginosus was cultured from pleural and perinephric aspirates; cytology showed no malignant cells; multiple blood cultures were negative.Echocardiography and HIV and Mantoux tests were normal.The patient's condition improved with antibiotic therapy.After the perinephric catheter ceased draining, a repeat abdominal CT scan showed a persistent perinephric CASE
Heart Disease and the Eosinophil
Authors: Joseph E. Parrillo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

In 1936, Löffler first recognized the association of a distinctive form of severe heart failure with marked eosinophilia.1 Although the clinical picture mimicked that of constrictive pericarditis, pathological examination revealed a grossly thickened endomyocardium with intraventricular mural thrombosis — a clinical syndrome we now recognize as a restrictive cardiomyopathy. Since that description, a number of diverse terms, including "eosinophilic collagen vascular disease," "eosinophilic leukemia," and "idiopathic eosinophilia," have been used to describe a disease characterized by marked eosinophilia, the infiltration of multiple organs by mature eosinophils, and multiple-organ-system dysfunction.The current thinking is that all these entities are part of . . .
It's not how many dimensions you have, it's what you do with them: Evidence from speech perception
Authors: Bob McMurray, David Gow
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Contrary to Pothos, rule- and similarity-based processes cannot be distinguished by dimensionality. Rather, one must consider the goal of the processing: what the system will do with the resulting representations. Research on speech perception demonstrates that the degree to which speech categories are gradient (or similarity-based) is a function of the utility of within-category variation for further processing.
Taurine and the heart
Authors: R. J HUXTABLE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Taurine and the heart Get access RYAN J HUXTABLE RYAN J HUXTABLE Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, Arizona, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 6, June 1993, Pages 1136–1137, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.6.1136a Published: 01 June 1993
Allergic patch test reactions associated with cosmetics: Retrospective analysis of cross-sectional data from the North American Contact Dermatitis Group, 2001-2004
Authors: Erin M. Warshaw, Heather J. Buchholz, Donald V. Belsito, Howard I. Maibach, Joseph F. Fowler, Robert L. Rietschel, Kathryn A. Zug, C.G. Toby Mathias, Melanie D. Pratt, Denis Sasseville, Frances J. Storrs, James S. Taylor, Vincent A. DeLeo, James G. Marks
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2008)
A relation between the energy of food and gastric emptying in men with duodenal ulcer.
Authors: D F Stubbs, J N Hunt
Journal: Gut (1975)

Using information about the volume and energy density of meals, results from the literature on gastric emptying for healthy men can be marshalled into a consistent body. The same process applied to the published papers on men with duodenal ulcer shows that they have abnormally rapid gastric emptying, especially for meals of high-energy density. This provides confirmation of the view of Shay (1944) that the slowing of gastric emptying by duodenal receptors is less in men with duodenal ulcer than it is in healthy men.
The Therapeutic Perspective: Medical Practice, Knowledge, and Identity in America, 1820-1885
Authors: Gert H. Brieger
Journal: JAMA (1987)

If therapy be acknowledged as one of the physician's central responsibilities, it is strange that so little has been written about its history. Here at last is a monograph of great distinction that addresses the history of the role of therapeutics in the medicine of 19th-century America. Professor Warner of Yale University has nicely used the rhetoric and the reality of therapeutic theory and actual practices culled from hospital records in Cincinnati and Boston to illuminate the transformation of American medicine. He demonstrates, for instance, that in the records and writings of physicians, the word<i>normal</i>had replaced<i>natural</i>by the latter decades of the century. This, Warner rightly emphasizes, marked important conceptual shifts as well. The concept of normality denoted a growing quantification of clinical observations and an increasingly scientific approach to the study of diseases. Throughout the 19th century the physician's identity was closely linked to the therapeutic
Hyperglycemia and lipopolysaccharide decrease depression effect of interleukin 8 production by hypothermia: an experimental study with endothelial cells
Authors: Akihiro Noda, Kosaku Kinoshita, Atsushi Sakurai, Taro Matsumoto, Hideo Mugishima, Katsuhisa Tanjoh
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2007)
Hemodynamic Effects of Blood Transfusion in Chronic Anemia
Authors: Martin Duke, Victor D. Herbert, Walter H. Abelmann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN patients with severe chronic anemia, whether or not it is amenable to treatment with specific therapy, the administration of blood transfusions is often necessary to provide immediate symptomatic improvement and to prevent potential irreversible anoxic damage to tissues. The slow administration of packed red blood cells with the patient in a semiupright position is often well tolerated. Not infrequently, however, congestive heart failure may supervene during or after the transfusion.2 , 3 The hematology literature is replete with caution against transfusion, especially in patients with pernicious anemia, and a number of fatal cases have been observed with pulmonary edema found at . . .
Letter: Safety and fibreoptic bronchoscopy.
Authors: J B MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (1974)

As many dental anaesthetics are still given in the upright position, it seems important in such circumstances for the anaesthetist (1) initially, to check that the back rest of the dental chair will depress quickly and smoothly (some do jam) enabling the patient to be supinated at once; (2) to be conversant with the procedure for dropping the arm rest and moving the patient sideways out of the chair if the back rest jams; and(3) to monitor the pulse throughout the anaesthetic.-Iam, etc., BRYAN LEWIS Birmingham Dexamethasone in Malignant Hyperpyrexia SIR,-A child of 6 years weighing 22-5 kg about to undergo adenoidectomy was given 100 mg thiopentone, 30 mg suxamethonium, and 1 % halothane.After approximately two minutes he was sweating and felt very hot; anaesthesia was discontinued.At this stage his temperature was 39 25°C and there were no signs of muscle rigidity.In view of the report by Dr. F. R. Ellis and others (2 November, p. 270) he was given 4 mg of dexamethasone intravenously as an initial steroid dose.His rectal temperature fell rapidly to 380C within three minutes.No further treatment was given and cooling was not required.His postoperative serum creatine phosphokinase level was 24 U/1.Further investigations are being undertaken and will be reported; it seems probable, however, that instant steroid therapy is ex- tremely important in any patient with suspected malignant hyperpyrexia.-Weare, etc.,
PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF CORONARY CT ANGIOGRAPHY IN ASYMPTOMATIC POPULATION: COMPARISONS WITH CONVENTIONAL RISK STRATIFICATION ALGORITHM AND CALCIUM SCORING
Authors: Hyuk-Jae Chang, Iksung Cho, Allison Dunning, Augustin Delago, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Daniel Berman, Filippo Cademartiri, Gil Raff, Joerg Hausleiter, Leslee J. Shaw, Martin Hadamitzky, Matthew Budoff, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Philipp Kaufmann, Stephan Achenbach, Todd Villines, Tracy Callister, James K. Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Diffusion capacity and haemodynamics in primary and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: L.H. Steenhuis, H.J.M. Groen, G.H. Koëter, T.H.W. van der Mark
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2000)

The transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (TL,CO) is decreased in patients with pulmonary hypertension. The pulmonary membrane diffusion capacity (Dm) and pulmonary capillary blood volume (Vc), were studied to establish: 1) the relative contribution of the components of the transfer factor to the decrease in TL,CO; 2) whether differences exist between primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH); and 3) the relationship between these parameters and haemodynamic parameters. Dm and Vc were determined in 19 patients with PPH and in eight patients with CTEPH. The patients had been referred for consideration for lung transplantation. Haemodynamic parameters were assessed by heart catheterization. In the PPH group, Vc was reduced in 12 of 19 patients (mean+/-SD Vc 72+/-14% of the predicted value) and Dm in 17 of 19 patients (60+/-22% pred). In the CTEPH group, Vc was reduced in six of eight patients and Dm in seven of eight patients. The mean TL,CO Dm and Vc values were similar to those in the PPH group. The reduction in pulmonary membrane diffusion capacity was significantly greater than that in pulmonary capillary blood volume. No differences in pulmonary and cardiovascular functional values were found between the groups. Right atrial pressure showed a significant negative correlation with pulmonary capillary blood volume and an increased pulmonary vascular resistance was associated with a decrease in pulmonary membrane diffusion capacity. These results suggest pronounced functional impairment of the alveolocapillary membrane in these patients.
PRODUCTION OF RAT HOMOCYTOTROPIC ANTIBODIES USING LOW DOSE, LONG TERM ORAL EXPOSURE TO PENICILLIN G
Authors: L. PERELMUTTER, A. LIAKOPOULOU
Journal: Allergy (1975)

Sera from 15 patients with immediate hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin G gave positive responses in the rat mast cell test (RMCT) indicating the presence of IgE-type antibodies in the sera. Five sera were from patients who had had reactions to penicillin 15 to 22 years previously without known re-exposure to this antigen. To explore the possibility that non-therapeutic exposure to penicillin may have produced continued sensitization in these patients, an animal model system was developed to explore the efficacy of low dose, long term oral exposure to penicillin G in rats for producing homocytotropic antibodies in these animals. It was found that when rats were given penicillin G in their drinking water at concentrations of 0.1 to 1 U/ml over a period of 1 to 3 months they produced serum IgE and IgGa antibodies. In addition, IgE antibodies were actively bound to the peritoneal mast cells of these animals. The presence of circulating or cell bound antibodies was detected using the rat mast cell test. It was also shown that rats given penicillin G orally for 1 month were more prone to antibody production after a single intramuscular injection of penicillin G compared to a control group receiving only the intramuscular injection of this antigen. The results of this study are discussed in terms of possible non-therapeutic sensitization towards penicillin G in the human population.
Skin diseases associated with the cosmetic use of bleaching products in women from Dakar, Senegal
Authors: A. Mahe, F. Ly, G. Aymard, J.M. Dangou
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

The cosmetic use of bleaching products is considered a common practice in dark-skinned women from sub-Saharan Africa. However, there are few studies on this subject.To increase the knowledge about the dermatological consequences of this practice in Dakar, the capital of Senegal.A representative sample of 368 adult women presenting at our dermatological centre was selected. Each woman was questioned about her cosmetic use of bleaching products. Next, the following data were recorded in 425 women who used bleaching products: names and types of products used; modalities of the skin bleaching practice; skin diseases motivating the dermatological visit, with recording of their clinical features; and results of a full skin examination. The active substances of the bleaching products were determined mainly by reading the indications on their packages; with products of unknown composition, a pharmacological analysis of samples was done. A statistical analysis was performed.Of the 368 women questioned, 194 (52.7%) were current users of bleaching products. Concerning the 425 users enrolled, products were applied on the whole body in 92% of users, with a median duration of use of 4 years. The active principles used included hydroquinone (used by 89% of users), glucocorticoids (70%), mercury iodide (10%) and caustic agents (17%); 13% of users used products of unknown composition. In the samples that were analysed, hydroquinone was found at concentrations of between 4% and 8.7%. Concerning steroids, superpotent (class 1) glucocorticoids predominated. The main skin complaints in bleaching products users included dermatophyte infections (n = 105) and scabies (n = 69), both often unusually extensive and severe; acne (n = 42), often severe; eczema (n = 41); irritant dermatitis (n = 14); and dyschromia (n = 26, including 14 cases of exogenous ochronosis). The skin examination noted features apparently disregarded by users: striae (noticed in 39% of users), and macular hyperchromia involving the face, mainly the periocular area (33%). The statistical analysis showed that glucocorticoid use was associated with the presence and severity of infectious skin diseases, and of acne.More than half of the adult women presenting at our dermatology centre were using bleaching products. Most skin diseases observed in bleaching products users appeared to be induced, aggravated or modified by this practice. Superpotent topical glucocorticoids appeared to be the main agents responsible for the observed complications. The cosmetic use of bleaching products therefore has a major impact on our current dermatological practice.
Identifying and Addressing Safety Signals in Clinical Trials
Authors: Thomas R. Fleming
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Interventions for the prevention or treatment of disease that are based on our understanding of the pathobiologic features of the illness can provide benefit in how a patient feels or functions or in whether the patient survives. Such benefits are generally achieved through on-target biologic effects of the intervention. However, there are numerous recent cases in which it has been established or strongly suggested that off-target effects of such interventions have adversely altered their risk–benefit profile. For example, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, the cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors provide an analgesic benefit with a reduced risk of gastrointestinal side . . .
Critically appraising qualitative research
Authors: A. Kuper, L. Lingard, W. Levinson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Six key questions will help readers to assess qualitative research

#### Summary points 

Over the past decade, readers of medical journals have gained skills in critically appraising studies to determine whether the results can be trusted and applied to their own practice settings. Criteria have been designed to assess studies that use quantitative methods, and these are now in common use.

In this article we offer guidance for readers on how to assess a study that uses qualitative research methods by providing six key questions to ask when reading qualitative research (box 1). However, the thorough assessment of qualitative research is an interpretive act and requires informed reflective thought rather than the simple application of a scoring system.

#### Box 1 Key questions to ask when reading qualitative research studies

One of the critical decisions in a qualitative study is whom or what to include in the sample—whom to interview, whom to observe, what texts to analyse. An understanding that qualitative research is based in experience and in the construction of meaning, combined with the specific research question, should guide the sampling process. For example, a study of the experience of survivors of domestic violence that examined their reasons for not seeking help from healthcare providers might focus on interviewing a …
Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1 (EPAS1) Gene Polymorphisms and Response to Anti-VEGF Therapy in the Comparison of AMD Treatments Trials (CATT)
Authors: Stephanie A. Hagstrom, Gui-shuang Ying, Gayle J.T. Pauer, Jiayan Huang, Maureen G. Maguire, Daniel F. Martin
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Partially reversible common peroneal nerve palsy secondary to compression with four-layer bandaging in a chronic case of venous leg ulceration
Authors: N. Usmani, K.F. Baxter, R. Sheehan-Dare
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Sir, Venous ulceration is an increasingly common outcome of chronic venous insufficiency in the lower limbs. It is now known that compression to the lower extremities increases healing by improving the blood supply and reducing oedema and distension.1 However, it is essential that any underlying arterial insufficiency be identified as approximately 20% of patients with a chronic leg ulcer have a mixture of venous and arterial disease and compression therapy in this situation can exacerbate ischaemia.2 In the U.K. compression is applied using elastic bandages and less frequently hosiery or intermittent pneumatic compression. The four‐layered Charing Cross bandage is designed to provide a pressure of 40 mmHg at the ankle. The layers consist of an innermost layer of orthopaedic padding (to absorb exudates and redistribute pressure around the bony parts of the ankle); a crepe bandage (to smooth the padding); a lightweight elasticated type 3a compression bandage; and an outermost cohesive bandage which is adherent and prevents slippage during use. They are said by manufacturers to provide pressures of 14–25 mmHg at the ankle.3
Psoriasis: an opportunity to identify cardiovascular risk
Authors: A.M. Tobin, B. Kirby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2009)

Journal Article Psoriasis: an opportunity to identify cardiovascular risk Get access A.M. Tobin, A.M. Tobin Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland E‐mail: tobin.annemarie@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Kirby B. Kirby Department of Dermatology, St Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland E‐mail: tobin.annemarie@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 161, Issue 3, 1 September 2009, Page 719, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09372.x Published: 01 September 2009