tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic Significance of the Number of Axillary Lymph Nodes Removed in Patients With Node-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: L. Weir, C. Speers, Y. D’yachkova, I. A. Olivotto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between the number of lymph nodes removed at axillary dissection and recurrence and survival for patients with node-negative invasive breast cancer.Subjects were 2,278 women with pathologically node-negative invasive breast cancer, diagnosed from 1989 to 1993 in British Columbia, Canada. Women aged > or = 90 years, with pure in-situ, bilateral invasive breast cancer or T4, N1, N2, or M1 stage, or who had axillary radiation were excluded. Two groups were defined for analysis: node-negative with no systemic therapy (n = 1,468) and node-negative with systemic therapy (n = 810). Median follow-up was 7.5 years. Prognostic variables assessed were age at diagnosis, tumor size, tumor grade, invasion of lymphatics, veins, or nerves, estrogen receptor status, and number of nodes removed.For patients not receiving systemic therapy, regional relapse was significantly increased with smaller numbers of nodes removed (P =.03). There was a trend toward shorter overall survival with fewer nodes removed (P =.06). Node-negative patients who received systemic therapy did not have a higher regional relapse rate or shorter overall survival when fewer nodes were recovered.Recovery of a small number of negative lymph nodes at axillary dissection likely understages patients and leads to undertreatment, resulting in an increased regional relapse rate and poorer survival. The use of systemic therapy may overcome this effect. The number of nodes removed, in conjunction with other prognostic factors, may be useful in selecting node-negative patients for systemic therapy.
Reduction of Blood Glucose Variability in Type 1 Diabetic Patients Treated By Pancreatic Islet Transplantation
Authors: Laurence Kessler, Raphael Passemard, Jose Oberholzer, Pierre Yves Benhamou, Pascal Bucher, Christian Toso, Pierre Meyer, Alfred Penfornis, Lionel Badet, Philippe Wolf, Cyrille Colin, Philippe Morel, Michel Pinget
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

OBJECTIVE—To compare the glycemic profiles of patients with type 1 diabetes treated with either an implantable insulin pump or pancreas or islet transplantation by the means of the continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS; Minimed, Sylmar, CA). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The CGMS enabled recording of subcutaneous glucose concentrations (range 2.2–22 mmol/l) over 72 h (288 measurements per day). Over 3 days, 26 patients with type 1 diabetes were connected to a CGMS: 10 patients were treated with intraperitoneal insulin infusion through an implantable pump (IPII), 9 patients were treated with simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation (SPK), and 7 patients were treated with pancreatic islet transplantation after kidney grafting (IAK). All SPK patients and four IAK patients were insulin independent, whereas three IAK patients had partial graft function and reduced exogenous insulin needs. Glucose control was evaluated by the mean glucose concentration, glucose variability, and the number and duration of hypoglycemic events (&amp;lt;3.3 mmol/l) over 3 days. RESULTS—The mean glucose concentration and the glucose variability in SPK and IAK patients were significantly lower than those observed in patients treated with IPII: 5.38 ± 1.12 and 5.83 ± 0.81 vs. 7.81 ± 1.55 mmol/l (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and 1.40 ± 0.42 and 1.32 ± 0.53 vs. 3.47 ± 1.66 mmol/l (P &amp;lt; 0.001), respectively. Furthermore, the mean glucose concentration and the glucose variability were comparable between SPK and IAK patients. Over 3 days, no hypoglycemic events were observed in SPK patients and insulin-independent IAK patients. A total of 4.12 ± 1.66 hypoglycemic events were detected in the IPII patient group, whereas only 0.66 ± 0.57 events were observed in IAK patients with partial graft function (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The duration of the hypoglycemic events was significantly longer in IPII patients as compared with IAK patients: 64 ± 33 vs. 30 ± 15 min for the day period and 130 ± 62 vs. 30 ± 27 min for the night period (P &amp;lt; 0.001). CONCLUSIONS—Use of subcutaneous CGMS confirms that islet transplantation can be as efficient as pancreas transplantation in restoring good metabolic control and reducing blood glucose variability. Metabolic improvement due to use of an implantable insulin pump requires insulin delivery by a closed loop.
Recurring Hydatidiform Mole
Authors: E. S. Jaikaran
Journal: BMJ (1955)

clinical picture resembled very closely the shoulder-girdle syndrome or neuralgic amyotrophy described by Parsonage and Aldren Turner (1948).They reviewed the previous sporadic reports of this syndrome and recorded 136 cases which had occurred after war injuries, operations, and infec- tions; Miller and Stanton (1954) also reviewed similar complications following prophylactic inoculation.The close similarity between the shoulder-girdle syndrome and the occasional consequences of inoculation perhaps point to a common cause.Miller and Stanton (1954) sug- gested that inoculations produce an anaphylactic hypersensitivity reaction which in turn gives rise to axon swelling and polyradiculitis.The restriction of the clinical features to the brachial plexus would appear to depend upon anatomi- cal factors, the swollen roots in this region being more easily compressed by the dura or in the intervertebral foramina.In this case injury was not responsible for the muscular paralysis.To postulate a virus infection as the cause involves considering a dual aetiology.Injection therapy was never used, and the only drugs given were chlortetracycline, barbiturates, and compound codeine tablets.It seems reasonable, therefore, to presume that infection with L. canicola gave rise to an antigen-antibody reaction which presented as the shoulder-girdle syndrome.The dog subsequently died of hard pad, and none of its other human contacts developed clinical canicola fever.
Car Wash Tachycardia
Authors: C. RICHARD SMITH
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 July 1981Car Wash TachycardiaC. RICHARD SMITH JR., D.O., DAVID ELBAUM, D.O.C. RICHARD SMITH JR., D.O.Search for more papers by this author, DAVID ELBAUM, D.O.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-1-122_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The proper interpretation of ambulatory electrocardiograms requires an awareness of various artifacts that can result in misdiagnosis and inappropriate therapy. Pseudotachycardias have been previously described on Holter recordings. These have been attributed to either a worn motor or battery failure (1-4). We recently observed an apparent supraventricular tachycardia on two separate occasions in a 56-year-old man with coronary artery disease.The patient, who had severe coronary artery disease and a left ventricular aneurysm, was seen by us for evaluation of premature ventricular contractions. A Holter monitor done while the patient was in the hospital showed sinus rhythm...References1. MALEKGLUSHIEN JA. Artifact in portable ECG monitoring. Ann Intern Med. 1972;77:1004. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HANSMANNSHEPPARD DJ. ECG-monitor artifacts. Ann Intern Med. 1973;78:619. Letter. LinkGoogle Scholar3. KRASNOWBLOOMFIELD AD. Artifacts in portable electrocardiographic monitoring. Am Heart J. 1976;91:349-57. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. GARDINBELICSINGER JND. Pseudodysrythmias in ambulatory ECG monitoring. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139:809-12. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. RUBENFINEROSENZWEIG MS. Electrocardiographic artifacts simulating atrial flutter. JAMA. 1972;220:1130. Letter. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: C. RICHARD SMITHJR., D.O.; DAVID ELBAUM, D.O.Affiliations: Chicago Osteopathic Medical Center Chicago, IL 60615 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1981Volume 95, Issue 1Page: 122-123KeywordsAneurysmsElectrocardiographyPremature ventricular contractionStable coronary artery diseaseTachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Activation of MDL-1 (CLEC5A) on immature myeloid cells triggers lethal shock in mice
Authors: Ricky Cheung, Fran Shen, Joseph H. Phillips, Mandy J. McGeachy, Daniel J. Cua, Paul G. Heyworth, Robert H. Pierce
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a potentially lethal condition, as it can progress to shock, multi-organ failure, and death. It can be triggered by infection, tissue damage, or hemorrhage. The role of tissue injury in the progression from SIRS to shock is incompletely understood. Here, we show that treatment of mice with concanavalin A (ConA) to induce liver injury triggered a G-CSF-dependent hepatic infiltration of CD11b+Gr-1+Ly6G+Ly6C+ immature myeloid cells that expressed the orphan receptor myeloid DAP12-associated lectin-1 (MDL-1; also known as CLEC5A). Activation of MDL-1 using dengue virus or an agonist MDL-1-specific antibody in the ConA-treated mice resulted in shock. The MDL-1+ cells were pathogenic, and in vivo depletion of MDL-1+ cells provided protection. Triggering MDL-1 on these cells induced production of NO and TNF-α, which were found to be elevated in the serum of treated mice and required for MDL-1-induced shock. Surprisingly, MDL-1-induced NO and TNF-α production required eNOS but not iNOS. Activation of DAP12, DAP10, Syk, PI3K, and Akt was critical for MDL-1-induced shock. In addition, Akt physically interacted with and activated eNOS. Therefore, triggering of MDL-1 on immature myeloid cells and production of NO and TNF-α may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of shock. Targeting the MDL-1/Syk/PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway represents a potential new therapeutic strategy to prevent the progression of SIRS to shock.
Benign Familial Chorea With Onset in Childhood
Authors: Raymond W. M. Chun
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Benign familial chorea, a recently recognized syndrome, is characterized by onset in childhood and by nonprogressive but persistent chorea uncomplicated by mental deterioration. The ten cases occurring in three families of the present study and others reported in the literature are the basis for our analysis of the clinical and genetic aspects of this disorder. It is clear that at least one autosomal dominant mutation is involved. It is possible that an indistinguishable clinical picture may also be caused by homozygosity for an autosomal recessive gene. Awareness of the existence of this disorder is important for the differential diagnosis of choreic states and for genetic counseling.
Noninvasive measurement of the LV tau constant: a Doppler echocardiographic approach of the left ventricular relaxation
Authors: E. Rombaut, E. Abergel, A. Delouche, H. Raffoul, H. Diebold, M.-P. Augusseau, F. Ledru, B. Diebold
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1998)
Course of flu epidemic is hard to predict, says UK government adviser
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The second wave of swine flu is expected at the beginning of October at the earliest, the UK government’s chief scientific adviser has said.

But John Beddington, co-chairman of the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies, set up to advise the UK government on pandemic influenza, said that at present it is difficult to predict how the virus is likely to affect the population. But the government is preparing for the worst case scenario.

Speaking at the British Science Festival at the University of Surrey on Thursday, he said, “What is likely to happen will depend on …
Abstract 2286: SPARC stimulates neuronal differentiation of medulloblastoma cells via the IL-6/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Praveen Bhoopathi, Chandramu Chetty, Meena Gujrati, Dzung H. Dinh, Jasti S. Rao, Sajani S. Lakka
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Secreted Protein Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC), a 37-kDa glycoprotein, participates in the regulation of morphogenesis and cellular differentiation through its modulation of cell-matrix interactions. We have reported previously that SPARC expression significantly impairs medulloblastoma tumor growth in vivo. In this study, we show that the ectopic expression of SPARC induces neuronal differentiation in medulloblastoma cells. Adenovirus-mediated expression of SPARC cDNA (Ad-DsRed-SP) elevated the expression of neuronal markers NeuN, Nestin and MAP-2 in medulloblastoma cells. SPARC expression decreased STAT3 phosphorylation and constitutive expression of STAT3 reversed SPARC-mediated neuronal differentiation. Moreover, our results show that SPARC expression not only inhibited interleukin (IL)-6 but also attenuated IL-6-mediated STAT3 phosphorylation in medulloblastoma cells. Taken together, our results suggest that SPARC induced neuronal differentiation of medulloblastoma tumor cells through its inhibitory effect on IL-6-mediated STAT3 signaling. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor sections from mice treated with Ad-DsRed-SP showed increased staining for the neuronal markers NeuN, Nestin and MAP-2. Overall, our results demonstrate that SPARC promotes neuronal differentiation and inhibits tumor growth, thereby further supporting the potential use of SPARC as a therapeutic target for medulloblastoma. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2286.
Comparison of the effects of different inotropic interventions on force, velocity, and power in rabbit myocardium.
Authors: Y C Chiu, K R Walley, L E Ford
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

To gain some insight into inotropic mechanisms, we compared the effects of several classes of inotropic interventions on the isometric twitch and force-velocity properties of isolated rabbit myocardium. Postextrasystolic potentiation was chosen as one of the interventions in the belief that its onset is so rapid that it would be unlikely to cause substantial chemical changes in the contractile proteins and that most of the effects would be due to changes in the level of activation. The effects of a digitalis analogue (acetylstrophanthidin), an adrenergic agent (isoproterenol), and a methylxanthine (caffeine) were then compared with those of postextrasystolic potentiation. The conditions were chosen so that each agent caused a twofold increase in twitch force. Acetylstrophanthidin and postextrasystolic potentiation caused twitch force to increase with only a slight (11%) decrease in time to peak force. Isoproterenol caused the peak of the twitch to occur substantially (40%) earlier with marked abbreviation of the twitch. Caffeine had the opposite effect: time to peak force was delayed (by 60%), and the twitch was markedly prolonged. In contrast to the marked differences in the time course of the twitch, there was no significant difference between the instantaneous force-velocity curves obtained with the different interventions. All four interventions caused maximum velocity to increase slightly (1-9%) and maximum power to increase only slightly more than twitch force (5-21%). All of the changes observed can be accounted for by changes in activation, either by an increase in the amount of calcium released into the myofilament space or by a change in the sensitivity of the myofilaments to calcium. There was no need to postulate direct changes in the contractile machinery to account for these results.
961. Angiopoietin-1 Enhances the Effect of Paclitaxel on Breast Cancer Cell Killing in a Mouse Model
Authors: Yao Qi Huang, Harald Sauthoff, Jin Cheng, David Kutler, Sheila Heitner, William N. Rom, John G. Hay
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Angiogenesis has an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Various factors, such as VEGFs and angiopoietins, have been implicated in the regulation of vessel formation. Angiopoietins regulate angiogenesis by activating or blocking the activation of Tie2, a surface receptor tyrosine kinase generally restricted to endothelial cells. Angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) promotes endothelial cell survival, helps to maintain vascular integrity and is thus involved in vessel maturation. Conversely, Ang2 acts as an antagonist of the Ang1/ Tie2 interaction. Solid tumors require blood vessels for growth, although tumor neovascularization is structurally and functionally abnormal with leaky and tortuous vessels. These abnormalities contribute to impaired blood supply and interstitial hypertension, which interferes with the delivery of therapeutics to the tumor. Since Ang1 stabilizes blood vessels and inhibits vascular permeability, we hypothesized that normalization of tumor vasculature by Ang1 could improve drug delivery and thereby enhance cancer cell killing. The impact of Ang1 delivered by a non-replicating adenoviral vector (AdAng1) on the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel was studied in a 4T1 murine breast cancer model. The expression and secretion of Ang1 from 4T1 cells infected by AdAng1 in vitro was first confirmed by immunostaining and immunoblotting. AdAng1 did not affect the growth of 4T1 cells in vitro, as the growth rates of 4T1 cells infected with AdAng1 or control AdCon virus were similar. Paclitaxel did inhibit the growth of 4T1 cells in vitro, but the growth inhibition was similar in control virus and AdAng1 treated cultures. For the in vivo model, 4T1 cells were first treated with either AdAng1, AdCon or PBS, and then injected into the flank of syngeneic BALB/c mice. Paclitaxel was administered by i.p. injection twice a week, starting at day 7. The combination of AdAng1 administration together with Paclitaxel reduced tumor growth compared to Paclitaxel alone, AdAng1 alone or control virus plus Paclitaxel. In summary, this study indicates that Ang1 can enhance the effect of chemotherapy in a breast cancer model. These effects are likely to be related to Ang1-mediated vessel normalization and thereby improved drug delivery to the tumor cells.
Psoriasis and the Obesity Epidemic
Authors: Michael T. Caglia, Gerald G. Krueger
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Letter: Oxygen therapy in chronic respiratory failure.
Authors: L J Clancy, A G Leitch
Journal: BMJ (1973)

Reorganization of Health Services and the N.H.S. Number SIR,-At a time of reorganization of the National Health Services it would seem ex- pedient to examine the benefits of restruc- turing the N.H.S. number.That number provides unique and p_rmanent identiiication of all individuals in the country, and in- cre-asing use is being made of it in medical record lnkage.'However, it is exceptionally cumbersome to use because of its length and the variability of its format.2Individuals sel- dom know their own numbers, and the
Evaluation of Surveillance Bias and the Validity of the Venous Thromboembolism Quality Measure
Authors: Karl Y. Bilimoria, Jeanette Chung, Mila H. Ju, Elliott R. Haut, David J. Bentrem, Clifford Y. Ko, David W. Baker
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Postoperative venous thromboembolism (VTE) rates are widely reported quality metrics soon to be used in pay-for-performance programs. Surveillance bias occurs when some clinicians use imaging studies to detect VTE more frequently than other clinicians. Because they look more, they find more VTE events, paradoxically worsening their hospital's VTE quality measure performance. A surveillance bias may influence VTE measurement if (1) greater hospital VTE prophylaxis adherence fails to result in lower measured VTE rates, (2) hospitals with characteristics suggestive of higher quality (eg, more accreditations) have greater VTE prophylaxis adherence rates but worse VTE event rates, and (3) higher hospital VTE imaging utilization use rates are associated with higher measured VTE event rates.To examine whether a surveillance bias influences the validity of reported VTE rates.2010 Hospital Compare and American Hospital Association data from 2838 hospitals were merged. Next, 2009-2010 Medicare claims data for 954,926 surgical patient discharges from 2786 hospitals who were undergoing 1 of 11 major operations were used to calculate VTE imaging (duplex ultrasonography, chest computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging, and ventilation-perfusion scans) and VTE event rates.The association between hospital VTE prophylaxis adherence and risk-adjusted VTE event rates was examined. The relationship between a summary score of hospital structural characteristics reflecting quality (hospital size, numbers of accreditations/quality initiatives) and performance on VTE prophylaxis and risk-adjusted VTE measures was examined. Hospital-level VTE event rates were compared across VTE diagnostic imaging rate quartiles and with a quantile regression.Greater hospital VTE prophylaxis adherence rates were weakly associated with worse risk-adjusted VTE event rates (r2 = 4.2%; P = .03). Hospitals with increasing structural quality scores had higher VTE prophylaxis adherence rates (93.3% vs 95.5%, lowest vs highest quality quartile; P < .001) but worse risk-adjusted VTE rates (4.8 vs 6.4 per 1000, lowest vs highest quality quartile; P < .001). Mean VTE diagnostic imaging rates ranged from 32 studies per 1000 in the lowest imaging use quartile to 167 per 1000 in the highest quartile (P < .001). Risk-adjusted VTE rates increased significantly with VTE imaging use rates in a stepwise fashion, from 5.0 per 1000 in the lowest quartile to 13.5 per 1000 in the highest quartile (P < .001).Hospitals with higher quality scores had higher VTE prophylaxis rates but worse risk-adjusted VTE rates. Increased hospital VTE event rates were associated with increasing hospital VTE imaging use rates. Surveillance bias limits the usefulness of the VTE quality measure for hospitals working to improve quality and patients seeking to identify a high-quality hospital.