tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Annular and Subvalvular Repair of Chronic Ischemic Mitral Regurgitation Improves Long-Term Results With the Least Ventricular Remodeling
Authors: Catherine Szymanski, Alain Bel, Iris Cohen, Bernard Touchot, Mark D. Handschumacher, Michel Desnos, Alain Carpentier, Philippe Menasché, Albert A. Hagège, Robert A. Levine, Emmanuel Messas
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Undersized ring annuloplasty for ischemic mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with variable results and >30% MR recurrence. We tested whether subvalvular repair by severing second-order mitral chordae can improve annuloplasty by reducing papillary muscle tethering.Posterolateral myocardial infarction known to produce chronic remodeling and MR was created in 28 sheep. At 3 months, sheep were randomized to sham surgery versus isolated undersized annuloplasty versus isolated bileaflet chordal cutting versus the combined therapy (n=7 each). At baseline, chronic myocardial infarction (3 months), and euthanasia (6.6 months), we measured left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction, wall motion score index, MR regurgitation fraction and vena contracta, mitral annulus area, and posterior leaflet restriction angle (posterior leaflet to mitral annulus area) by 2-dimensional and 3-dimensional echocardiography. All groups were comparable at baseline and chronic myocardial infarction, with mild to moderate MR (MR vena contracta, 4.6±0.1 mm; MR regurgitation fraction, 24.2±2.9%) and mitral annulus dilatation (P<0.01). At euthanasia, MR progressed to moderate to severe in controls but decreased to trace with ring plus chordal cutting versus trace to mild with chordal cutting alone versus mild to moderate with ring alone (MR vena contracta, 5.9±1.1 mm in controls, 0.5±0.08 with both, 1.0±0.3 with chordal cutting alone, 2.0±0.4 with ring alone; P<0.01). In addition, LV end-systolic volume increased by 108% in controls versus 28% with ring plus chordal cutting, less than with each intervention alone (P<0.01). In multivariate analysis, LV end-systolic volume and mitral annulus area most strongly predicted MR (r(2)=0.82, P<0.01).Comprehensive annular and subvalvular repair improves long-term reduction of both chronic ischemic MR and LV remodeling without decreasing global or segmental LV function at follow-up.
GW25-e3093 Predictive value of serum uric acid level for left atrial thrombus or spontaneous echo contrast in patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Liu Fangzhou, Wei Wei, Xue Yumei, Zhan Xianzhang, Fang Xianhong, Liao Hongtao, Fei Hongwen, Liu Yang, Wu Shulin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
New Requirements for Authors: Signed Statements of Authorship Responsibility and Financial Disclosure
Authors: George D. Lundberg
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Editors of peer-reviewed journals have relationships based on trust with authors, readers, owners, editorial board members, reviewers, funding agencies, institutions, students, advertisers, the media, and the public at large. These trust relationships frequently come into conflict, the product of obvious differences in goals, values, and priorities. Other differences arise from faulty communications. Still others arise from ignorance of editorial and authorial ethics and publication laws, sloppiness of work, and sometimes deliberate attempts to deceive. To educate authors and help them avoid the pitfalls of ignorance and to discourage a few from believing that the ethics and laws do not apply to them, peer-reviewed journals codify their policies and procedures in Instructions for Authors.<sup>1</sup>Many journals specify similar instructions such as the "Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals" produced and updated periodically by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (the Vancouver Group).<sup>2</sup>In 1985, the Vancouver
Cecil Berl Collins
Authors: D W Levy
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​FormerFormer general practitioner Port Elizabeth, South Africa (b Port Elizabeth 1924; q University of Cape Town 1950; MFGP (SA)), died following a stroke on 26 August 2005.



Figure 1



During the second world war Cecil Berl Collins joined the South African Air Force. He was seconded to the Royal Air Force, and served in Egypt, Palestine, and India. He entered general practice in Port Elizabeth in 1953, and was a foundation member of the South African chapter of the Royal College of General Practitioners. As was the norm in smaller cities and towns in South Africa he acquired wide skills in obstetrics, anaesthetics, and limited surgery. In 1980 he emigrated to Israel, where he was a doctor to a kibbutz. He leaves a wife, Phyllis; three children; and five grandchildren.
Linking Tumor Mutations to Drug Responses via a Quantitative Chemical–Genetic Interaction Map
Authors: Maria M. Martins, Alicia Y. Zhou, Alexandra Corella, Dai Horiuchi, Christina Yau, Taha Rakhshandehroo, John D. Gordan, Rebecca S. Levin, Jeff Johnson, John Jascur, Mike Shales, Antonio Sorrentino, Jaime Cheah, Paul A. Clemons, Alykhan F. Shamji, Stuart L. Schreiber, Nevan J. Krogan, Kevan M. Shokat, Frank McCormick, Andrei Goga, Sourav Bandyopadhyay
Journal: Cancer Discovery (2014)

There is an urgent need in oncology to link molecular aberrations in tumors with therapeutics that can be administered in a personalized fashion. One approach identifies synthetic-lethal genetic interactions or dependencies that cancer cells acquire in the presence of specific mutations. Using engineered isogenic cells, we generated a systematic and quantitative chemical-genetic interaction map that charts the influence of 51 aberrant cancer genes on 90 drug responses. The dataset strongly predicts drug responses found in cancer cell line collections, indicating that isogenic cells can model complex cellular contexts. Applying this dataset to triple-negative breast cancer, we report clinically actionable interactions with the MYC oncogene, including resistance to AKT-PI3K pathway inhibitors and an unexpected sensitivity to dasatinib through LYN inhibition in a synthetic lethal manner, providing new drug and biomarker pairs for clinical investigation. This scalable approach enables the prediction of drug responses from patient data and can accelerate the development of new genotype-directed therapies.
MRFIT and the Oslo Study
Authors: Paul Leren
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE LARGE American three-factor<sup>1</sup>and the much smaller Norwegian two-factor<sup>2</sup>coronary heart disease (CHD) prevention trials have come out with different results, the former ending inconclusively, the latter with a significantly reduced incidence of total cardiovascular and CHD end points, and substantial, although nonsignificant, reductions in CHD and total mortality. The Oslo diet-smoking trial in 1,232 high-risk, normotensive, healthy men aged 40 to 49 years, representing the 20% upper risk of a screened male population of 16,200, combined lipid-lowering dietetic intervention with smoking cessation advice. The trial lasted from five to 6 1/2 years. <h3>Differences Between the Trials</h3> There are two main differences in study design between the two trials. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT) combined hygienic-dietetic intervention measures against smoking and eating habits with drug treatment of the hypertensive subjects (almost two thirds of the intervention group), while the Oslo Study management decided to exclude
A History of Colonial Medical Education: In the Province of New York, with Its Subsequent Development (1767-1830).
Authors: John H. Talbott
Journal: JAMA (1963)

No study dealing with the genesis of formal medical education in any portion of the United States has been attempted in depth in contemporary times. Blanton in<i>Medicine in Virginia</i>and Matas in his<i>History of Louisiana</i>have touched lightly upon it in these respective states. Byron Stookey's history, a companion piece to<i>The Presbyterian Hospital</i>prepared by Albert R. Lamb, and the<i>History of the School of Nursing of the Presbyterian</i><i>Hospital, New York, 1892-1942</i>by Eleanor Lee, enables us to better understand the historical development of medical education in New York and especially the School of Medicine of Columbia University from colonial days to the present. Stookey, formerly professor of neurological surgery at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, has delved into source documents: letters, proceedings of the General Assembly of the colony of New York, pamphlets, petitions, and laws of the state of New York. The development
Escape From Energizer Control
Authors: Mortimer Ostow
Journal: JAMA (1965)

PSYCHOANALYTIC procedure conducted with patients who are simultaneously treated with antipsychotic drugs partially reveals how these medications influence psychic life. This report demonstrates one of the limitations of the effectiveness of energizing drugs, and the psychic events which accompany this particular aspect of drug failure.  Report of Cases  Case 1.—  M. H., a 48-year-old married woman, came for treatment in July of 1962 in a moderately to severely depressed condition, immediately after an attempted suicide with a relatively small dose of barbiturates. A course of antidepressant medication, basically nialamide (Niamid) was begun. At first she responded so well that she could be maintained on a dosage of 150 mg per day. Over a period of months, however, her response seemed to fail, so that it gradually became necessary to build up the dosage to 500 mg of nialamide per day, plus small amounts of other drugs. Each increment was necessitated
Cancer in Married Couples
Authors: Laurance M. Bryson
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  In The Incidence of Cancer in Married Couples (226:201, 1973) by Drs. Walach and Horn, the study at the Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, covered a period of 15 years from 1958 to 1972 and dealt with 20,000 new cancer patients. Among these, there were 15 couples in whom both husband and wife had malignant tumors.  They make the statement, No significant sex difference could be seen concerning the earlier appearance of the tumor in the men or the women. They further point out that there were among these 15 couples a combination of breast cancer in the woman and lung cancer in the man in seven couples. They further state that no conclusion can be drawn from this, since both these tumors are frequent in any group of cancer patients. Their final conclusion is that these concomitant tumors in both husband and wife are more of a
Subclonal evolution involving SF3B1 mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: M Schwaederlé, E Ghia, L Z Rassenti, M Obara, M L Dell' Aquila, J F Fecteau, T J Kipps
Journal: Leukemia (2013)

logical abnormalities were observed in Pten À / À embryos (Supplementary Figure 2g).Flow cytomery analysis on fetal liver cells revealed that overall fetal hematopoiesis in Pten À / À mice was normal, except a skewed lymphoid/myeloid development at the progenitor level.There was no reduction in the hematopoietic stem cell-enriched lin À sca-1 þ c-kit þ population.However, there was an increased percentage of common myeloid progenitor population (Figures 2f andh) as well as a decreased percentage of common lymphoid progenitor (Figures 2g andh).This is consistent with previous report on adult bone marrow cells after Pten deletion. 13n conclusion, we have evaluated the effects of Kras G12D activation or Pten deletion during fetal murine hematopoiesis side by side, and have observed dramatically different phenotypes.Kras G12D mutation introduced by Vav-iCre during development leads to fetal lethality, suggesting that this murine model cannot be used to assess the leukemogenic ability of Kras in utero.On the contrary, Pten deletion during early fetal hematopoietic development leads to T-ALL in adult mice.The T-ALL phenotype observed in the Pten À / À mice has a high penetration/prevalence, and therefore, can be used as an excellent non-viral-mediated murine model to study this disease.
A DOG TEST FOR MEASURING THE IMMUNIZING POTENCY OF ANTIRABIES VACCINES
Authors: Leslie T. Webster, J. Casals
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1940)

1. A quantitative practical mouse test is described for measuring the immunizing potency of antirabies vaccines. 2. Virulent virus, injected intraperitoneally as a vaccine, immunized mice within 10 days and for a period of at least 9 months. Demonstrable neutralizing antibodies accompanied this immunity. Virus given subcutaneously failed to immunize as effectively. The margin between immunizing and infecting dose of vaccine was small. 3. Commercial vaccines containing virulent virus prepared for the treatment of man gave results similar to those obtained with laboratory virus. 4. Commercial vaccines inactivated with phenol and prepared for the treatment of man in general failed to immunize mice. None contained virulent virus. The phenolized preparation from one commercial firm, however, as also the chloroformized preparation from another, immunized mice consistently when given intraperitoneally in quantities approximating 5 times that advocated per gm. of body weight in man. 5. Commercial canine vaccines inactivated with phenol proved non-virulent and failed to immunize mice. 6. Commercial canine vaccines inactivated with chloroform (Kelser) proved non-virulent but capable of immunizing mice provided a single intraperitoneal injection of 2 to 5 times that prescribed for dogs per gm. of body weight was given. 7. Chloroformized vaccines proved irritative to the peritoneum of mice.
Walking on the tip of a sword
Authors: L. Gong
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Same as all Chinese boys, I like kung fu very much. As a child I dreamed that one day I could be a knight-errant, with profound kung fu skill and a silver sword, avenging grievances all over the world. When I grew up and became a doctor, and when I diligently mastered the skills to cure disease and save lives, I realized that medicine, especially surgery, is not only a branch of science, but also a kind of art, a type of kung fu that I imagined as a child. Doctors performing an operation not only need top level medical knowledge and experience, but also great meticulousness and fine skills­—like a warrior walking on a sword tip.1 …
The Vocabulary of Chronic Hepatitis
Authors: Hans Popper, Fenton Schaffner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

The diagnosis of chronic hepatitis in a patient with protracted fatigability and signs of liver disease developing insidiously, or after acute hepatitis, is not controversial if results of biochemical and serologic tests are abnormal and if a liver biopsy shows compatible features. The etiology may be viral hepatitis, as evidenced by an antecedent attack of acute icteric hepatitis or by persistence of Australia antigen, or it may be an unknown factor.The question that arises is the importance of this diagnosis in the life of the patient. The problem is compounded by the frequent discrepancy among the clinical, laboratory and . . .
Re: Andres Jurczok, Astrid Schneider and Paolo Fornara. Inhibition of Tumor Implantation after Laparoscopy by Specific Oligopeptides: A Novel Approach to Adjuvant Intraperitoneal Therapy to Prevent Tumor Implantation in an Animal Model. Eur Urol 2007;52:590–6
Authors: Przemyslaw Waliszewski
Journal: European Urology (2007)
HIV testing in TB clinics: a problem in practice?
Authors: S Dart
Journal: Thorax (2006)

The London Regional Office of the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC) has stated that all patients diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) should be offered an HIV test.1 We sought to implement this by introducing a programme within two central London hospitals with high rates of TB, where TB specialist nurses saw all patients early in their treatment course and discussed HIV testing. A standard protocol was used which covered the reasons for offering a test, the “pros and cons” of testing, and the actual process involved (including how the results would be given). Staff training and support was supplied by local HIV psychologists. Pretest discussion took an average of 10–15 minutes per patient and was usually performed within the first month of treatment.

Between July 2002 and July 2003 there were 247 …
Cognitive dysfunction in β‐thalassemia minor
Authors: Oral Nevruz, Umit Ulas, Turker Cetin, Yasar Kutukcu, Ahmet Kurekci
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Beta-thalassemia minor is a common, hereditary, and mostly symptomless disease. Previous studies have shown that lower hemoglobin values are associated with poorer cognitive functions. We aimed to evaluate the cognitive function in patients with beta-thalassemia minor. Thirty-two male subjects with beta-thalassemia minor and 32 sex-, age-, and education status-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Blood tests and P300 potentials were carried out. P300 potential latency in all patients was significantly longer than those in the control group (337.63+/-34.89 msec and 310.66+/-14.30 msec, respectively; t 4.046, P<0.001). The amplitudes of P300 in patient group were significantly lower than those in the control group (5.19+/-3.59 microV and 9.81+/-3.33 microV, respectively; t 5.349, P<0.001). In this study, we have found that P300 potentials are adversely affected for cognitive functions in patients with beta-thalassemia minor.
IgE reactivity to Api g 1, a major celery allergen, in a Central European population is based on primary sensitization by Bet v 1☆☆☆★
Authors: Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, Pascal Demoly, Reto Crameri, Heimo Breiteneder, Christof Ebner, Margit Laimer Da Camara Machado, Kurt Blaser, Chaim Ismail, Otto Scheiner, Jean Bousquet
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1999)
Reuse of Explanted, Resterilized Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Authors: Behzad B. Pavri, Yash Lokhandwala, Gaurav V. Kulkarni, Mandar Shah, Bharat K. Kantharia, Daniel A.N. Mascarenhas
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) often have clinically useful battery life remaining when explanted because of upgrades, infection, or patient death.To show that explanted ICDs can be resterilized and reused.Retrospective cohort study.Multicenter ICD acquisition and single-center ICD reimplantation.Indigent persons in India who had class I indications for cardiac resynchronization therapy with an ICD and were unable to afford such a device.Device longevity after reimplantation, device-related complications, number of appropriate therapies, patient clinical characteristics, and deaths.Eighty-one consecutive consenting patients (mean age, 52.6 years; 66 male patients) received 106 explanted devices. Twenty-two patients received a second device and 3 patients received a third device after the prior one reached replacement voltage. Mean time to ICD replacement was 1287.4 days. Follow-up data were available for 75 of 81 (92.6%) patients. Mean follow-up duration for all devices was 824.9 days. No infectious complications occurred; 1 lead dislodgement and 1 lead fracture required repeated surgery. Appropriate therapy (shocks or antitachycardia pacing) was delivered by 64 of 106 (60.4%) devices in 44 of 81 (54.3%) patients. Nine of 81 (11.1%) patients died; mean time from implantation to death was 771.3 days.This is a retrospective report of a single-center experience with a modest number of patients and devices. Follow-up data were missing for 6 patients. No records were kept of the number of devices obtained through postmortem versus antemortem explantation or whether explantation was due to infection or upgrade. Complete data were not available on exact battery voltage at the time of reimplantation, left ventricular ejection fraction, or number of inappropriate shocks. A control group was not possible.Explanted ICDs with 3 or more years of estimated remaining battery life can be reused after they are cleaned and resterilized. These devices functioned normally and delivered life-saving therapies, without an increased risk for complications. These preliminary data deserve further validation and, if confirmed, could have important societal and economic implications.None.
851-6 Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging and neurocognitive outcomes in atherosclerotic patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery
Authors: Ehtasham A Qureshi, Adnan Siddiqui, Khalid M Zirvi, Karthik Linganathan, Francis Sutter, Bruce Caplan, Andrew J Curtin, Amid Khan, Naushad Shaikh, Gary Friday, James F Burke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Factors Determining Recall of Examination Results in Diabetic Population
Authors: Scot E Moss, Ronald Klein, Barbara EK Klein
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

Objective To determine factors influencing recall of examination results after 4 yr. Research Design and Methods At two examinations that were 4 yr apart, a diabetic population was asked, “Have you been told that your diabetes has affected the back of your eyes, that is the retina?” Participants were informed by letter whether they had retinopathy. Subjects in this study included younger-onset (n = 311) and older-onset (n = 279) diabetic subjects who had retinopathy at baseline and did not know it. Results Forty-two percent of younger-onset and 29% of older-onset subjects recalled at follow-up that they had been told their diabetes had affected their eyes. People in both groups were more likely to recall they had retinopathy if they had more severe retinopathy, had more symptoms of neuropathy and peripheral vascular disease, had seen an ophthalmologist within 2 yr, or monitored their blood glucose more often. In addition, younger-onset diabetic subjects with poorer visual acuity or who were on a combination insulin regimen and older-onset people taking insulin, having more education, or who were younger were more likely to recall they had retinopathy. Factors not associated with recall in either group included sex, duration of diabetes, proteinuria, glycosylated hemoglobin, and family income. Conclusions These results underscore the need to develop better methods to deliver health-care information to people who have diabetes.