tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bivalirudin or Unfractionated Heparin in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Marco Valgimigli, Enrico Frigoli, Sergio Leonardi, Martina Rothenbühler, Andrea Gagnor, Paolo Calabrò, Stefano Garducci, Paolo Rubartelli, Carlo Briguori, Giuseppe Andò, Alessandra Repetto, Ugo Limbruno, Roberto Garbo, Paolo Sganzerla, Filippo Russo, Alessandro Lupi, Bernardo Cortese, Arturo Ausiello, Salvatore Ierna, Giovanni Esposito, Patrizia Presbitero, Andrea Santarelli, Gennaro Sardella, Ferdinando Varbella, Simone Tresoldi, Nicoletta de Cesare, Stefano Rigattieri, Antonio Zingarelli, Paolo Tosi, Arnoud van ’t Hof, Giacomo Boccuzzi, Elmir Omerovic, Manel Sabaté, Dik Heg, Peter Jüni, Pascal Vranckx
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2015)

Conflicting evidence exists on the efficacy and safety of bivalirudin administered as part of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with an acute coronary syndrome.We randomly assigned 7213 patients with an acute coronary syndrome for whom PCI was anticipated to receive either bivalirudin or unfractionated heparin. Patients in the bivalirudin group were subsequently randomly assigned to receive or not to receive a post-PCI bivalirudin infusion. Primary outcomes for the comparison between bivalirudin and heparin were the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke) and net adverse clinical events (a composite of major bleeding or a major adverse cardiovascular event). The primary outcome for the comparison of a post-PCI bivalirudin infusion with no post-PCI infusion was a composite of urgent target-vessel revascularization, definite stent thrombosis, or net adverse clinical events.The rate of major adverse cardiovascular events was not significantly lower with bivalirudin than with heparin (10.3% and 10.9%, respectively; relative risk, 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81 to 1.09; P=0.44), nor was the rate of net adverse clinical events (11.2% and 12.4%, respectively; relative risk, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.78 to 1.03; P=0.12). Post-PCI bivalirudin infusion, as compared with no infusion, did not significantly decrease the rate of urgent target-vessel revascularization, definite stent thrombosis, or net adverse clinical events (11.0% and 11.9%, respectively; relative risk, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.11; P=0.34).In patients with an acute coronary syndrome, the rates of major adverse cardiovascular events and net adverse clinical events were not significantly lower with bivalirudin than with unfractionated heparin. The rate of the composite of urgent target-vessel revascularization, definite stent thrombosis, or net adverse clinical events was not significantly lower with a post-PCI bivalirudin infusion than with no post-PCI infusion. (Funded by the Medicines Company and Terumo Medical; MATRIX ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01433627.).
Abstract 17230: BMP9 Regulates Endothelin-1 Gene Transcription in Cooperation With TGF-{beta} Signaling
Authors: Jana Bagarova, Samuel D Paskin-Flerlage, Carol S Lai, Kenneth D Bloch, Paul B Yu
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by abnormal pulmonary vasoreactivity and pulmonary angiopathy, leading to progressively increased pulmonary resistance, right heart failure an...
Abstract 1348: CD4 T cells targeting citrullinated vimentin reject advanced tumors
Authors: Lindy G. Durrant, Victoria A. Brentville, Rachael L. Metheringham, Ian Daniels, Peter Symonds, Mohamed Gijon, Wei Xue
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract CD4 cells are potent effectors but CD4 responses to tumour associated antigens are attenuated. Cellular stress induces autophagy which leads to modification of proteins recognised by the immune system. In the absence of inflammation, immunity is regulated, whereas in its presence CD4 responses to modified self-antigens are stimulated. T cells commonly target modified self-antigens and have been shown to play a role in the pathophysiology of several autoimmune diseases. In this study the ability of these CD4 cells to target cancer has been explored. One modification is conversion of arginine to citrulline. Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs), are a family of calcium dependent enzymes found in a variety of tissues, where their role is post translation citrullination of proteins. Citrullination is conversion of the positively charge aldimine group ( = NH) group of arginine to the neutrally charged ketone group ( = O) of citrulline. Immunisation with citrullinated vimentin peptides induced IFNγ and granzyme B secreting CD4 T cells in response to autophagic tumour targets. The induced CD4 responses to citrullinated self-peptide epitopes show minimal reactivity to the unmodified sequence. A single immunization with modified peptide, up to 14 days after tumour implant, resulted in long term survival in 60-90% of animals with no associated toxicity. The anti-tumour responses were dependent upon CD4 but not on CD8 T cells. This study provides the first evidence that tumours can present citrullinated peptides that can be targets for CD4 cells. This presentation is dependent upon autophagy and PAD enzymes. The CD4 T cells release IFNγ and show direct cytotoxicity which results in potent anti-tumour responses in vivo. This approach is being fast tracked into the clinic in patient's whose tumours express vimentin. This could be patients with mesenchymal tumours or in patients whose tumours undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition as vimentin is one of the first proteins to be expressed in this transition. Citation Format: Lindy G. Durrant, Victoria A. Brentville, Rachael L. Metheringham, Ian Daniels, Peter Symonds, Mohamed Gijon, Wei Xue. CD4 T cells targeting citrullinated vimentin reject advanced tumors. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1348. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1348
Article increased uncertainty
Authors: D J Plews
Journal: BMJ (1995)

cancer and for those who took it for more than 10 years the relative risk was virtually neutral (relative risk 1-03).2Furthermore, it seems that, even if the incidence of breast cancer is increased in current long term users, the risk of death is decreased.'Those of us who advocate hormone replacement therapy would agree with McPherson's sentiments that on balance the current evidence continues to suggest that such therapy will probably give rise to a net gain in years of life.The American nurses' study recruited 121 700 female registered nurses aged 30 to 55 in 1976; it will be several years yet before such studies can provide us with conclusive answers.
Tacrolimus Extended Release Formulation Given As An Alternative To Ciclosporine A In Case Of Renal Impairment After Allogeneic HSCT: Results From a Prospective Pilot Study
Authors: Marie Y. Detrait, Stephane Morisset, Sabine Cohen, Monique Manchon, Verane Schwiertz, Florence Ranchon, Nicolas Vantard, Caroline Serrier, Adrien Quintela, Christiane Cazac, Carole Hospital, Valerie Chapel, Sothiny Sar, Catherine Rioufol, Mauricette Michallet, Fiorenza Barraco
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 14427: Long-Term Mortality and Risk Factors for Sudden Arrhythmic Death in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease Repaired Before 20 Years Old.
Authors: M Carmen Gomez-Rubin, Pastora Gallego, Ana E Gonzalez, Angel Sanchez-Recalde, Angel Aroca, Luz Polo, Rafael Peinado, Jose M Oliver
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Long-term mortality (M) of congenital heart patients (CHD) has previously been assessed in population based-studies and multicenter registries which did not discern either infant from a...
Mechanism of flt3 Ligand Expression in Bone Marrow Failure: Translocation From Intracellular Stores to the Surface of T Lymphocytes After Chemotherapy-Induced Suppression of Hematopoiesis
Authors: Elena Chklovskaia, Wendy Jansen, Catherine Nissen, Stewart D. Lyman, Christoph Rahner, Lukas Landmann, Aleksandra Wodnar-Filipowicz
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract P84: The Outcome of Cardiac Arrest the Years Before and After Introduction of Lucas in the Ambulances
Authors: Paul Olsson, S Steen, P Kongstad, T Sjöberg
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Purpose: Evaluate the outcome of OHCA (Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest) in the ambulance station of Lund before and after the introduction of LUCAS ™ in the prehospital setting. Material and method: The district area is 767 km 2 and has a population of 186 000 inhabitants. LUCAS was introduced in 2002 and has gradually been the method of choice for CPR. From a database including all pre-hospital missions, the OHCA cases with resuscitation attempt were retrospectively collected for a period of 7 years (2000 –2006). Period I includes years 2000 –2002 (n=85) and is regarded as a period without LUCAS-CPR. Period II (n=187) including years 2003–2006 is regarded as a period with LUCAS-CPR. In Period I, 11% of the OHCA patients admitted to the emergency department received LUCAS-CPR and in Period II it was 85%. Result: The mean incidence of OHCA per 10.000 inhabitants was 6.7 during Period I and 6.8 during Period II. Compared with Period I, the number of patients with resuscitation attempt increased with 68% (from 28.3/year to 46.8/year) and patients admitted to the emergency department increased with 63% (from 14/year to 22.5/year) during Period II. The number of patients surviving &gt;30 days increased by 77%, from 3.0 per year (Period I) to 5.3 per year (Period II). If the OHCA took place more than 10 km from the hospital no patient survived &gt;30 days during Period I whereas 9 patients survived &gt;30 days during Period II. Conclusion: LUCAS markedly enhances the number of CPR treatments and makes it possible to bring victims to the hospital with vital circulation even if the distance to hospital is over 10 km. The introduction of LUCAS, improved education, changes of CPR-algorithm, in-hospital handling (body cooling) and in some cases causal treatment (PCI, bypass surgery) increase the &gt;30 day survival by 77%.
Comorbidity of panic disorder in bipolar illness: evidence from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Survey
Authors: Y W Chen, S C Dilsaver
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors' goal was to determine the rate of comorbid panic disorder in individuals with bipolar disorder.They used the Epidemiologic Catchment Area survey database to determine the prevalence of comorbid panic disorder in individuals with unipolar depression, those with bipolar disorder, and comparison subjects without bipolar or unipolar disorder.The lifetime prevalence of panic disorder among subjects with bipolar disorder was 20.8%; among subjects with unipolar depression it was 10.0%, and among comparison subjects it was 0.8%.Individuals with bipolar disorder have a particularly high risk of comorbid panic disorder. The evaluation of patients with bipolar disorder should include screening for panic disorder.
Extramural Update March 2004
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2004)

The Cellular, Organs, and Systems Pathobiology Branch (COSPB) develops and administers programs of extramural grants that are designed to elucidate disease processes elicited by environmental agents.The scientific program administrators in COSPB evaluate the state of the science in specific, focused areas of toxicology and biology related to environmental health science, identify data gaps and research needs, and stimulate research in areas where data are lacking or where more focus or coordination of efforts is needed.COSPB focuses on diseases that occur across an individual's life span, through the fetal, neonatal, prepubertal, pubertal, young adult, adult, and elderly stages.Current branch areas of study include the fetal basis of adult disease; developmental toxicology; neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral disorders, including autism; asthma; endocrine disruption and diseases, including male and female reproductive diseases and dysfunction; immunotoxicology and autoimmunity; cardiovascular and pulmonary disease; and neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).In each case, our emphasis includes molecular, biochemical, and cellular approaches (including cell culture), as well as in vivo approaches using both traditional animal models and unique model systems such as genetically modified mammalian models, Drosophila species, Caenorhabditis elegans, and zebrafish.Although COSPB's emphasis is on understanding environmentally relevant diseases, our approach is to stimulate research to elucidate common disease processes (such as apoptosis, oxidative stress, and alterations in cell cycle regulation and signal transduction pathways) that are induced by environmental agents, with the expectation that information on one environmental agent and disease will inform research on other agents and diseases.We also strongly encourage efforts to translate the results of this basic mechanistic research into intervention and prevention strategies that will lead more directly to improved human health and evidence-based public policy.Investigators interested in pursuing research in areas covered by COSPB are encouraged to contact the appropriate program administrator (below, with their areas of expertise) for assistance.
Detection of residual disease by immunostaining of bone marrow trephines (BMT) after 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (CDA) in previously untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
Authors: Jean-Luc Gala, Augustin Ferrant, André Delannoy, P. Martiat, J. Rodhain, Jean-Marie Scheiff, F. Chenut, Véronique Deneys, Jl. Michaux
Journal: Blood (1995)
Making routine data adequate to support clinical audit
Authors: J G Williams
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The changes in the armed forces medical services merely reflect the changing role of the armed forces themselves and the operational scenarios for which medical support might be required in the future.The fact that the core hospital at Haslar will be for all three services and enlarged in terms of both the number of beds and the range of specialties represented will enable us to provide an even greater range of postgraduate training than at present.The introduction of the military units in large district general hospitals will again allow greater training opportunities than we have previously been able to provide in our small service hospitals.I can therefore confidently state that training opportunities for the doctors who remain will be enhanced and their service career patterns will not be affected.Uniformed patients will be referred, as at present, to uniformed consultants, either at the core hospital at Haslar or, if it is more convenient, to the nearest military- civilian unit, and they will receive the same treatment as they presently enjoy.
Abstract 2165: Harvesting the Energy of Cardiac Motion to Power a Pacemaker
Authors: Paul Roberts, Giles Stanley, John M Morgan
Journal: Circulation (2008)

There is significant motion of the heart with each cardiac cycle. We examine the feasibility of harvesting surplus energy (HE) using a catheter-mounted device (CMD) that could be incorporated into a pacemaker/ICD lead and assist powering. The CMD consisted of a pacemaker electrode incorporating a coaxially mounted device with 2 pressure responsive bladders that utilise cardiac pressure (RV/RA) to drive a linear generator. CMD was placed at the RVA of an anesthetized pig (Landrace, 45kg) via the internal jugular vein. Arterial and RV pressure were recorded. The energy generated by the device was continuously monitored using a portable data acquisition system during steady state and then during induced tachycardia (isoproterenol), bradycardia (adenosine) and hypotension (pentobarbital). Placement of the device was uncomplicated. The figure illustrates the effect of 4 mcg isoproterenol on HE from device. In steady state (80 bpm, BP 100/60) the energy generated by each cardiac cycle was 4.3μJ (variance ± 0.8μJ). Incremental changes in heart rate produced a corresponding increase in HE e.g. 104 to 128 bpm produced 140% increase in HE (10.0μJ). Relative bradycardia/hypotension following adenosine/pentobarbitol administration produced a proportionate decrease in HE. Post mortem examination demonstrated no significant endocardial trauma. This study has demonstrated the feasibility of energy harvesting of cardiac motion. The device produced 17% of the energy required to power a conventional pacemaker. With further material modification it is envisaged that HE will be efficient enough to allow for complete and indefinite powering of pacemakers.
Women do have an improved long-term outcome after non–ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes treated very early and predominantly with percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Christian Mueller, Franz-Josef Neumann, Helmut Roskamm, Peter Buser, John Mc.B Hodgson, Andrè P Perruchoud, Heinz J Buettner
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Abstract 13514: Apoptogenic Protein is a Novel Phenotypic Marker of the Contractile Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Osamu Yasuda, Hirofumi Soejima, Keishi Miyata, Hisayo Yasuda, Hiromi Rakugi, Yuichi Oike, Shoukei-Kim Mitsuyama, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Apoptogenic protein (Apop) is a mitochondrial protein originally identified in the atherosclerotic cells cultured from thoracic aortas of ApoE-deficient mice. Functional analysis revealed that the expression of Apop using an expression vector induces apoptotic death of smooth muscle cells (SMC) in culture through the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria, followed by the activation of the caspase cascade. Here, we show that Apop is expressed in the contractile SMC, and can be a novel phenotypic marker of the SMC. Methods and Results: Human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMC) and human coronary atery smooth muscle cells (HCASMC) were cultured in HuMedia-SB2 supplanted with hEGF, hFGF, insulin and 5% FBS. Differentiated HASMC were cultured on laminin-coated dishes in HuMedia-SD2 supplemented with heparin and 1% FBS. Gene expression level was analyzed by real time PCR. SM2 and SMemb were used as differentiation marker and synthetic SMC marker, respectively. The differentiated SMC showed a higher level of expression of SM2, and the ratio of SM2/SMemb was higher compared to the synthetic SMC. Apop gene expression was higher in differentiated HASMC compared to the synthetic phase cells. Similarly, HCASMC showed a higher level of Apop and SM2 expression and SM2/SMemb expression ratio in differentiated cells compared to the cells in synthetic phase. These results indicate that Apop is expressed in differentiated SMC at a higher level than synthetic SMC. CArG box, which is often present in phenotypic marker genes expressed in differentiated SMC, exists in the intron1 region of Apop gene. Serum response factor (SRF) binds to CArG box, and regulates the expression of the genes expressed in differentiated SMC. The silencing of SRF using siRNA reduced the expression of Apop in differentiaed HASMC, indicating that SRF regulates the expression of Apop in differentiated cells. Moreover, immunostaining using human atherosclerotic coronary artery specimens revealed that Apop gene is co-expressed with the differentiation marker, SM2 in the coronary artery SMC. Conclusion: These results indicate that Apop is a novel phenotypic marker of the differentiated SMC, and may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention of the development of atherosclerosis.
Abstract 2669: Autologous Bone Marrow Mononucleated Cell Infusion for Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Severe Left Ventricular Dysfunction: Results of the BONAMI Trial (A Mutlicenter Randomized Controlled Trial)
Authors: Frederic Mouquet, Jerome Roncalli, Christophe Piot, Jean N Trochu, Philippe Le Corvoisier, Yannick Neuder, Thierry Le Tourneau, Denis Agostini, Virginia Gaxotte, Philippe Bourin, Catherine Sportouch, Michel Galinier, Dominique Crochet, Emmanuel Teiger, Marie J Richard, Jean P Beregi, Didier Carrie, Sophie Susen, Bernard Klein, Angelo Parini, Guillaume Lamirault, Helene Rouard, Gerald Vanzetto, Eric Van Belle, Patricia Lemarchand
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Significance and meaning of neurological signs in schizophrenia
Authors: D W Heinrichs, R W Buchanan
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors review studies of abnormal signs on clinical neurological examination of schizophrenic patients. In spite of a number of methodologic limitations, the cumulative evidence strongly argues that there are more neurological signs in schizophrenic patients than in nonpsychiatric control subjects. Although less consistent, there is considerable evidence of more neurological signs in schizophrenic patients than in patients with affective disorders or with mixed, nonpsychotic disorders. The existing literature suggests several preliminary hypotheses with respect to neuroanatomical localization of neurological signs, subtyping of schizophrenia, and utility of studies of relatives at high risk and family history studies. Directions for future research in these areas are described.
Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Adenomatous Hyperplasia (Dysplastic Nodules): Dynamic Computed Tomography and a Combination of Computed Tomography and Angiography
Authors: Kenichi Takayasu
Journal: Liver Cancer (2009)

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common cancer in the world and responsible for 500,000 deaths globally every year (Parkin et al., 2001). Approximately, 80% of the HCC is related to hepatitis B and/or C virus infection. The prognosis remains poor because of advanced stage of cancer and associated hepatic impairment at diagnosis and high recurrence rate of ~ 80% after surgery (Imamura et al., 2003) or percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) (Koda et al., 2000) in a different segment of the liver. Therefore, early diagnosis is imperative to enable patients to undergo curable therapies. According to the nation-wide biannual report of the Liver Cancer Study Group of Japan, HCC accounted for 95% of 19,920 patients with primary liver cancer (Ikai et al., 2005). With the advancement of imaging modalities, such as helical computed tomography (CT) (Murakami et al., 2001), and high-quality ultrasonography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, small hepatic nodular lesions as well as small HCC (< 3 cm) have been frequently found in chronic hepatic disease. They include adenomatous hyperplasia (AH) corresponding to low grade dysplastic nodule (DN) proposed by the International Working Party (1995), atypical AH to high grade dysplastic nodule, and early HCC (Sakamoto et al., 1991).
Abstract P217: Activated Protein C Protects Heart against Ischemia Reperfusion Injury via Activating AMPK Signaling Pathway and Decreasing Inflammatory Response
Authors: Jingying Wang, Likui Yang, Alireza R Rezaie, Ji Li
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Activated protein C (APC) was first identified as a natural anticoagulant protein. Recently, it has been found that APC elicits cytoprotective signaling responses and reduces brain infarction durin...
Psychiatric aspects of organ transplantation [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1989 Nov;146(11):1523]
Authors: O S Surman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

Technical advances in surgery and the new antirejection agents cyclosporine and muromonab-CD3 have led to improved outcome for organ transplantation. Allograft rejection and complications of immunosuppressant therapy are often associated with considerable stress, so availability of psychiatric consultation is a necessity. As a transplant team consultant, the psychiatrist treats perioperative anxiety, depression, and organic brain dysfunction and addresses medical and ethical aspects of patient selection. Studies indicate that many patients with psychopathological conditions have good postoperative results and that most living kidney donors participate spontaneously and consider donation a positive experience.