tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A format for DSM-III diagnostic formulation: experience with 1,111 consecutive patients
Authors: Juan E. Mezzich, Gerald A. Coffman, Shelley M. Goodpastor
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors present a format that organizes DMS-III diagnoses according to its five axes. For each axis, it provides an ordered listing of several diagnostic categories, their qualification as principal or provisional diagnoses, and alternative categories to be ruled out. For each dimensional axis, the terms and codes of the scale are specified and arranged linearly. This format was used with 1,111 new patients who consecutively applied for care at a comprehensive psychiatric facility during a 6-month period. The authors report on the frequency of use of specific diagnostic categories and dimensional levels along provisional, and rule-out diagnoses were noted.
A comprehensive look at smoking habits in university hospital staff
Authors: Jana Kudelova, Michal Poddany, Vladimir Koblizek, Barbora Novotna, Jana Erbenova, Barbora Krejcova, Karol Kovacic, Marie Brezinova, Lucie Benesova, Zuzana Vackova, Zuzana Mareczkova, Stanislava Grolmusova, Martina Lesna, Petra Ulrichova, Iva Kucerova, Michal Uher
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  Smoking habits of medical staff can affect the smoking behaviour of their patients.   Aim  To examine the smoking habits of the medical and non-medical staff, and students at a big university hospital in the Czech Republic.   Methods  A cross-sectional study performed in the frame of the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove (FNHK), carried out through structured face-to-face interviews, conducted by the senior medical students.   Results  The total number of the interviewed subjects was 3698 (88.9% of all); average age 39.4 years; the sample structure: 9.5% junior medical students, 16.7% doctors, 3,8% other specialists, 38.9% nurses, 6.2% clerks, 24.8% support staff. The proportion of regular, casual, former smokers and non-smokers was 19.4%, 5.9%, 14.7% and 60%. The smoking habits did not exhibit any distinct differences dependent on gender. On the other hand, we found significant differences dependent on the occupational status: students and employees (80% versus 56.7% non-smokers), employees differing in their educational level (76.7% physicians, 54% nurses and 30.1% paramedics were non-smokers), and in the nurses – depending on the night-work claims (non-smokers representing 57.5%, 55.6%, and 47.7% for ambulances, standard departments and intensive care units, respectively). The active smokers exhibited higher (21.6%) occurrence of respiratory symptoms than former smokers (14,6%) and non-smokers (12.7%). The overall inhalation risks in the student group were lower.   Conclusions  The survey at FNHK revealed that only 57% of the employees were non-smokers. The major factors associated with smoking habits are shift-work and education level. The greater number of non-smokers amongst medical students is promising.
Switching to nintedanib after discontinuation of pirfenidone due to adverse events in IPF
Authors: Katrin Milger, Nikolaus Kneidinger, Claus Neurohr, Frank Reichenberger, Jürgen Behr
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Recently two novel drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib have been licenced for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), marking a turning point in this previously untreatable, fatal disease. Nintedanib can be well tolerated in patients who stopped pirfenidone treatment due to intolerable adverse effects <http://ow.ly/OYEAK>
Abstract 11475: Overexpression of Human Omentin in a Fat-Specific Manner Attenuates Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation in ApoE-Deficient Mice
Authors: Mizuho Hiramatsu-Ito, Rei Shibata, Koji Ohashi, Takahiro Kambara, Daisuke Yuasa, Yusuke Joki, Satoko Hayakawa, Hayato Ogawa, Toyoaki Murohara, Noriyuki Ouchi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Obesity is closely associated with the progression of atherosclerosis. Omentin is a circulating adipokine, which is downregulated by obesity. Recently, we have shown that omentin concentrations are decreased in association with carotid atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Here, we investigated the impact of omentin on the development of atherosclerosis in vivo, and assessed its potential mechanisms. Methods and Results: We generated transgenic mice expressing the human omentin gene under the control of the aP2 promoter (fat-specific OMT-Tg mice) in the background of C57BL/6J. Morphometric and metabolic parameters of OMT-Tg mice were indistinguishable from nontransgenic littermates under basal/physiological conditions. We also crossed OMT-Tg mice with apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-KO) mice, which are experimental models of atherosclerosis. Circulating levels of human omentin in apoE-KO/OMT-Tg mice were approximately 2.0 fold higher than in those in healthy human subjects, whereas hum...
Abstract 20310: Cardiovascular Risk Markers in a Large Cohort of Children With Genetically Verified FH Show No Inheritance-Related but LDL Receptor Mutation-Type and Family History of CVD-related Variance
Authors: Ingunn Narverud, Jeaninen R van Lennep, Jacob J Christensen, Jorie Versmissen, Jon M Gran, Per O Iversen, Leiv Ose, Pål Aukrust, Bente Halvorsen, Thor Ueland, Stine M Ulven, Marit B Veierød, Eric Sijbrands, Kjetil Retterstøl, Kirsten B Holven
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease caused primarily by mutations in the low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor gene. FH patients have increased total- and LDL cholesterol leading to accelerated atherosclerosis and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). In an FH pregnancy the absolute rise in lipid levels are often much higher than in healthy pregnancies, and this maternal hypercholesterolemia may thus contribute to an unfavorable in utero environment potentially increasing susceptibility of adult CVD. Few studies have investigated whether maternal FH is associated with an unfavorable phenotype in offspring compared with paternal FH inheritance. Hypothesis: The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of maternal vs. paternal FH on pre-treated plasma lipids. In addition, the effect of LDL receptor mutation types and Family history of early CVD in FH children was evaluated Methods: We included 1063 children with FH (0-19 years) in the study. Five-hundred had inherited FH maternally and 563 paternally. Furthermore, 624 children with FH had an LDL receptor negative mutation and 332 of the FH children had an FH grandparent suffering from early CVD whereas the remaining children had an FH grandparent with late or no CVD. Differences were tested for using a random intercept mixed model taking account for between-family variation. Results: Children with maternal FH did not have different levels of total-, LDL- or HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, apoA1, apoB, lipoprotein (a) compared with children With paternal FH. Moreover, children with LDL receptor negative mutations had higher levels of total- and LDL cholesterol in addition to apoB, and concomitantly lower levels of HDL-cholesterol and apoA-1 than children with other LDL receptor mutations. Finally, children with an FH grandparent with early CVD had significant higher LDL-cholesterol levels than children without. Conclusions: Maternal FH does not lead to a more unfavorable phenotype in untreated FH children. However, both FH children with LDL receptor negative mutation and FH children with early CVD in family had a more unfavorably phenotype. Hence statin treatment should potentially be initialized earlier in this group.
Derivation and Prospective Validation of a Predictive Score for the Rapid Diagnosis of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: The Plasmic Score
Authors: Pavan K Bendapudi, Ang Li, Ayad Hamdan, Ashley Michelle Fry, Lynne Uhl, Marisa Marques, Richard Kaufman, Christopher P. Stowell, Walter Sunny Dzik, Robert S Makar
Journal: Blood (2014)
Antibody blockage of the murine urokinase receptor reduces angiogenesis and tumor metastasis in vivo
Authors: Jeffrey A. Nemeth, Celia Sharp, Francis McCabe, Mohit Trikha
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2998 

Increased expression and activity of urokinase and its receptor, uPAR, has been associated with tumor growth and metastasis, and blockage of the interaction between urokinase and uPAR by peptide antagonists or antisense methods has been demonstrated to decrease tumor growth, angiogenesis and metastasis. Using a monoclonal rat antibody against murine uPAR that interferes with the binding of uPA to its receptor, we found significant inhibition of bFGF-stimulated angiogenesis in a mouse subcutaneous Matrigel model. In vitro, antibody blockage of the uPA/uPAR interaction reduced the invasion of murine Lewis lung carcinoma cells through reconstituted basement membrane, as well as the adhesion of these cells to vitronectin. In an in vivo tumor model, nude mice bearing subcutaneous murine Lewis lung tumors were treated with anti-uPAR via i.p. injection three times weekly (10 mg/kg). Although primary tumor growth was not affected, the number of lung metastases was significantly reduced by antibody treatment, consistent with the involvement of uPA/uPAR in the early steps of the metastatic cascade. These observations suggest that blockage of the uPA/uPAR interaction by an antibody can inhibit multiple processes involved in tumor progression.
Functional Profile of the Isolated Uremic Nephron
Authors: Leon G. Fine, Detlef Schlondorff, Walter Trizna, Richard M. Gilbert, Neal S. Bricker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

Resistance of the chronically diseased kidney to vasopressin has been proposed as a possible explanation for the urinary concentrating defect of uremia. The present studies examined the water permeability and adenylate cyclase responsiveness of isolated cortical collecting tubules (CCT) from remnant kidneys of uremic rabbits to vasopressin. In the absence of vasopressin the CCTs of both normal and uremic rabbits were impermeable to water. At the same osmotic gradient, addition of a supramaximal concentration of vasopressin to the peritubular bathing medium led to a significantly lower net water flux per unit length (and per unit luminal surface area) in uremic CCTs than in normal CCTs. Transepithelial osmotic water permeability coefficient, Pf, was 0.0232 ±0.0043 cm/s in normal CCTs and 0.0059±0.001 cm/s in uremic CCTs (P < 0.001). The impaired vasopressin responsiveness of the uremic CCTs was observed whether normal or uremic serum was present in the bath.
Dysregulated iron homeostasis is strongly associated with multiorgan failure and early mortality in acute‐on‐chronic liver failure
Authors: Jaswinder Singh Maras, Rakhi Maiwall, H.C. Harsha, Sukanta Das, Md.Shabir Hussain, Chandan Kumar, Chhagan Bihari, Archana Rastogi, Manoj Kumar, Nirupama Trehanpati, Shvetank Sharma, Akhilesh Pandey, Shiv Kumar Sarin
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

Acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (ACLF) is an ailment with high incidence of multiorgan failure (MOF) and consequent mortality. Dysregulated iron homeostasis and macrophage dysfunction are linked to increased incidence of MOF. We investigated whether a panel of circulating iron‐regulating proteins are associated with development of MOF and can predict 15‐ or 30‐day mortality in ACLF patients. One hundred twenty patients with ACLF, 20 patients with compensated cirrhosis, and 20 healthy controls were studied. Relative protein expression profiling was performed in the derivative cohort and confirmed in the validation cohort. A panel of iron regulators and indices were determined. Multiparametric flow cytometry for quantitation of labile iron pool (LIP) was performed. Validation studies confirmed lower serum transferrin (Tf) and ceruloplasmin levels in ACLF and ACLF‐MOF, compared to patients with cirrhosis and controls ( P &lt; 0.01). Serum iron and ferritin levels were markedly elevated ( P &lt; 0.001; P &lt; 0.05) and hepcidin levels were lower ( P &lt; 0.001) in ACLF patients with MOF than those without and other groups ( P &lt; 0.001). Percentage Tf saturation (%SAT) was higher in ACLF‐MOF (39.2%; P &lt; 0.001) and correlated with poor outcome (hazard ratio: 6.970; P &lt; 0.01). Intracellular LIP indices were significantly elevated in the subsets of circulating macrophages in ACLF‐MOF, compared to other groups ( P &lt; 0.01). Whereas expression of iron‐regulatory genes was markedly down‐regulated, genes related to endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and inflammation were up‐regulated in ACLF patients, compared to patients with cirrhosis. Severe dysregulation of autophagy mechanisms was also observed in the former. Conclusions : Iron metabolism and transport are severely deranged in ACLF patients and more so in those with MOF. %SAT, circulating hepcidin, and LIP in macrophages correlate with disease severity and %SAT could be used for early prognostication in ACLF patients. (H epatology 2015;61:1306–1320)
Interleukin-9–Induced Expression of M-Ras/R-Ras3 Oncogene in T-Helper Clones
Authors: Jamila Louahed, Luigi Grasso, Charles De Smet, Emiel Van Roost, Claude Wildmann, Nicholas C. Nicolaides, Roy C. Levitt, Jean-Christophe Renauld
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract 5010: Osteoblasts-derived WISP-1 increases prostate cancer metastasis through VCAM-1 upregulation
Authors: An-Chen Chang, Shih-Wei Wang, Chih-Hsin Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The skeleton is the most common metastatic site for prostate cancer, and increases the risk of intractable bone pain. Therefore, study of the interactions between prostate cancer and the bone microenvironment is very important. Wnt-1 induced secreted protein 1 (WISP-1) belongs to the CCN family (CTGF/CYR61/NOV), which plays an important role in bone formation and many cellular processes. However, the effects of WISP-1 on the prostate cancer metastasis are not clearly understood. First, we found that WISP-1 presents in osteoblast-condition medium (OB-CM), which increases prostate cancer cell migration and invasion. In addition, OBs were infected with lentivirus containing human WISP-1 shRNA which reduced OB-CM-mediated prostate cancer metastasis. We also demonstrated that OB-derived WISP-1 enhanced cell migration via vascular cell adhesion molecule 1(VCAM-1) up-regulation in prostate cancer. Transfection of cells with VCAM-1 siRNA reduced OB-CM and WISP-1-mediated cell migration. The incresing of prostate cancer cell migration by OB-derived WISP-1 is associated with FAK and p38 activation, as well as mir-126 downregulation. Pretreatment of cells with FAK and p38 inhibitors reduced WISP-1-mediated cell migration. In contrast, WISP-1-mediated migration activity was inhibited by mir-126 mimic. Over all, we characterized an important role for OB-derived WISP-1 which regulates cell migration and invasion by increasing VCAM-1 expression in human prostate cancer via the activation of FAK, p38 and downregulation of mir-126 signaling pathway. Citation Format: An-Chen Chang, Shih-Wei Wang, Chih-Hsin Tang. Osteoblasts-derived WISP-1 increases prostate cancer metastasis through VCAM-1 upregulation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5010. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5010
Abstract 2312: Limitations of Molecular Expression Profiling ( <i>Allomap Score</i> ) in Predicting Endomyocardial Biopsy Findings in Cardiac Allograft Recipients: Two Year Follow-Up Surveillance Study
Authors: Lazaros A Nikolaidis, Benham Borzognia, Alfred A Bove
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Molecular profiling of immune pathways implicated in cardiac allograft rejection has led to the development of a composite score (Allomap, range: 0 – 40) recently approved for clinical use. The potential for non-invasive monitoring in lieu of invasive biopsies and its reported high negative (NPV) predictive value are offset by low positive predictive value (PPV) and controversy about the threshold score (≥ 30 vs. ≥ 35) consistent with rejection. Nevertheless, the score has not been extensively validated in clinical practice. Methods : We obtained blood samples from cardiac allograft recipients (n=242 samples over 2 years) for determination of Allomap8 score at the time of endomyocardial biopsy. We excluded patients with recent transplant, on high dose steroids or recently treated for rejection. Pathologists blinded to AlloMap score interpreted all biopsies. Results: The mean Allomap score in the entire cohort was 29.9±0.4 (median: 31). The distribution was non-Gaussian with the majority of samples in the upper quartile [&lt; 24: n=43 (18 %), 25–29: n=49 (20%), 30 –34: n=98 (40 %), &gt; 35: n=52 (22 %)] Only 9 biopsy specimens (3.7%) were consistent with severe rejection (ISHLT 3A/3B or ≥ 2R per amended classification). Scores were not significantly different across the spectrum of ISHLT grades. Allomap scores of non-rejectors (ISHLT 0), mild rejectors (1-R) and significant rejectors (≥ 2R) were not significantly different (29.3±0.6 vs. 30.2±0.5 vs. 30.1±2.2, respectively). In predicting clinically significant (ISHLT ≥ 3A or 2-R) rejection, the NPV of Allomap was 95 %, yet PPV was &lt; 10 %. Sensitivity (30 –55%) and specificity (37–78%) were highly dependent on the threshold used (≥30 vs. ≥35), thus ROC performance was suboptimal. Conclusions: Although molecular profiling of candidate genes to predict cardiac allograft rejection remains an attractive, non-invasive and physiologically sound concept, the clinical application of the present assay is still limited
Abstract 11819: The Impact of Peripheral Artery Disease Assessed by Ankle-Brachial Index on Endothelial Dysfunction and Risk of In-Stent Restenosis After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Naohiro Komura, Kenichi Tsujita, Kenshi Yamanaga, Kenji Sakamoto, Takashi Miyazaki, Noriaki Tabata, Masanobu Ishii, Tomonori Akasaka, Yuichiro Arima, Takamichi Ono, Sunao Kojima, Shinji Tayama, Koichi Kaikita, Seiji Hokimoto, Kiyoshi Hibi, Kazuo Kimura, Satoshi Umemura, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Although drug-eluting stent (DES) has been gradually replacing the bare-metal stent (BMS), the problem of in-stent restenosis (ISR) remains unresolved. Peripheral artery disease (PAD), defined as a decreased ankle-brachial index (ABI), is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, to our knowledge, no studies have assessed the relationship between PAD and ISR after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis whether ABI at PCI could predict occurrence of ISR. Methods: ABI and reactive hyperemia index (RHI) assessed by peripheral arterial tonometry were checked before PCI and at follow-up (F/U) angiography in 246 consecutive patients who had successful PCI. Patients were categorized according to their ABI values (PAD: ABI≦0.9, borderline: 0.9<ABI<1.0, normal: 1.0≦ABI). F/U angiography was performed at 6 and 9 months after PCI with BMS and DES, respectively. ISR was defined as percent diameter stenosis greater than 50% at F/U angiography. Results: W...
A Difficult Case Should an elderly diabetic woman with a right below knee amputation and an infected sore on her left heel be operated on for a fractured hip
Authors: M Heim, Y Zievner, H Nadorvna, M Azaria, C V Ruckley, L Klenerman, P Laing, R B Duthie, J Scott
Journal: BMJ (1994)

# A Difficult Case Should an elderly diabetic woman with a right below knee amputation and an infected sore on her left heel be operated on for a fractured hip {#article-title-2}

Maintaining independent mobility is a high priority in elderly patients, both for their quality of life and because of the increased morbidity and mortality associated with being confined to bed. M Heim and colleagues present a difficult case that illustrates the problems arising when a patient with a below knee amputation and an infected pressure sore on her remaining heel required an elective orthopaedic operation to restore a degree of independent mobility. Five experts not concerned with the case also give their views on how it might have been managed.

A 68 year old diabetic woman was admitted to hospital with an intratrochanteric fracture of her left leg. She had had insulin dependent diabetes for 20 years, and at the time of admission was wheelchair bound with a right below knee amputation and a decubitus ulcer on her left heel.

The amputation had been performed six years previously because of a foot infection due to arterial insufficiency. After this the patient had learnt to walk with a prosthetic limb despite being obese and having poor vision because of diabetic retinopathy.

The pressure sore had developed three and a half years later while she was in hospital with diabetic coma due to lobar pneumonia. It was treated with local dressings and several courses of systemic antibiotics.

For the year after her discharge from hospital she had lived at home with her two sons, mobile in her wheelchair and receiving regular physiotherapy to prevent flexion contractures of her hips and knees. The ulcer had healed on its plantar surface, but a round wound about 5 cm in diameter on the posterolateral inframaleolar surface had remained static for several months despite local treatment. It had a central, hard, black crust surrounded by an infected area with wet, foul smelling necrotic tissue. Clinical assessment …
Mortality predictors in stable COPD
Authors: Helena Azcuna, Cristobal Esteban, Inmaculada Arostegi, Javier Moraza, Myriam Aburto, Amaia Aramburu, Mikel Egurrola
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

OBJECTIVE: To assess the general and respiratory mortality in a stable COPD patient cohort.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January 2003 to January 2004 543 stable COPD patients were selected with FEV1 80% and FEV1/FVC 70% spirometric criteria. They were controlled in our consuts for more than 6 months and stayed stable at least he last 6 weeks. They were followed up for 5 years without any intervention from the resercher.  RESULTS: From 543 patients included 96% were men with mean age of 68 years, BMI 28.3, Charlson index 2.4+/-1.4 and FEV1 55.0+/-13.3. 48,6% of patients refered grade 2 in MRC scale. In the multivariate analysis following variables were significant: previous hopitalization, Charlson index, dyspnea by Medical Research Council (MRC) scale, self-refered physical activity, cardiovascular diseases, FEV1 (GOLD scale), DLCO, age, body mass index (BMI), hand strenth, quadriceps strenth and walking test in 6 minutes. By using logistic regression model categorizated variable were analyzed. Charlson index, age, DLCO and physical activity were demonstrated as independent variables of general mortality AUC 0,82 (CI 95% 0,79-0,86). Bootstrap validation: AUC 0,92 (CI 95% 0,88-0,95). Data were also considered for respiratory mortality with the same statistic model, with evidence of statistical significant differences in DLCO, FEV1, age and walking test. AUC 0,91 (CI ,87-0,94). Bootstrap validation AUC 0,916 (CI 95% 0,88-0,95).  CONCLUSION: Charlson Index, DLCO, age and physical activity were mortality predictors in our stable COPD patients cohort. DLCO, FEV1, age and walking test were respiratory mortality predictors.