tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vitamin C depletion and pressure sores
Authors: M. Leicester
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Vitamin C depletion and pressure sores EDITOR,-Helen F Goode and colleagues cite the main risk factors for pressure sores in elderly people-namely, acute illness, poor mobility, long periods on high pressure surfaces, incontinence, and confusion.'They did not control for these effects so are unwise to conclude that there is a significant association between vitamin C and the development of pressure sores in elderly subjects with femoral neck fractures, particularly since the patients were unselected.Rather than seek a "clear cut risk factor which determines why one patient should develop a sore given the same conditions as another patient," the authors could perhaps have used an instrument such as the Waterlow pressure sore assessment score.2This instrument acknowledges that the risk of developing pressure sores is multifactorial, but its application allows an appropriate care plan to be constructed, including the allocation of equipment such as mattresses to prevent the condition arising in the first place.'Such a system is used routinely in many units caring for elderly people.
Lung Surfactant, Respiratory Failure, and Genes
Authors: Mikko Hallman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

After the first observation of surfactant deficiency in infants who were dying of the respiratory distress syndrome (also known as hyaline membrane disease), a series of investigations led to effective therapies, including surfactant therapy given at birth. These therapies, in turn, have led to a dramatic decrease in mortality associated with the respiratory distress syndrome, from nearly 100 percent to less than 10 percent. Most infants who die from the syndrome are preterm. Surfactant therapy is usually not required beyond the first day of life, because the turnover of surfactant is slow in newborns, and the rapid differentiation of alveolar . . .
Molecular Biology of the Gene
Authors: William J. Young
Journal: JAMA (1966)

This book clearly establishes that a text intended for undergraduate biology need not shy from presenting the ideas and data that are too frequently reserved for intermediate or even advanced treatments. Its splendid success in this effort lies in the deft handling of two themes of molecular biology: the rigor of the disciplines of chemistry and physics; and the excitement of deciphering the nature and intimate functioning of the nucleic acids by "biologic" (genetic) methods. With awe at the rate of accumulation of biological knowledge do we realize how appropriate, in a treatment of genetic biology, is a chapter on "The Importance of Weak Chemical Interactions." The significance of hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces for intracellular activities is contrasted to our more usual view of cell function described in terms of covalent bonding. Another of the objectives of the author, also successfully accomplished, is to demonstrate that it
Placidyl and Pulmonary Effects
Authors: ROBERT ROSENTHAL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1976)

Comments and Corrections1 July 1976Placidyl and Pulmonary EffectsROBERT ROSENTHAL, M.D., JAMES M. BROWN, M.D.ROBERT ROSENTHAL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES M. BROWN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-85-1-126_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: We wish to report a case that seems to confirm the experience of Glauser and associates reported in their recent paper (Ann Intern Med 84:46-48, 1976).A 23-year-old white man with a long history of drug abuse was seen in the Jackson Memorial Hospital emergency room with a complaint of acute onset of severe shortness of breath. Sixteen hours before the onset of his symptoms he had injected himself with the contents of one ethchlorvynol (Placidyl®) capsule (750 mg). Within a few minutes after the injection he noted a bitter taste in his mouth. He went to... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: ROBERT ROSENTHAL, M.D.; JAMES M. BROWN, M.D.Affiliations: University of Miami Affiliated Hospitals Miami, FL 33129 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPulmonary Reactions from Illicit Substance AbuseBilateral Exudative Pleural Effusions Following Intravenous Ethchlorvynol AdministrationEthchlorvynol-lnduced Pulmonary Edema: A Chronically Instrumented, Awake Sheep Model Mimicking Human DiseasePulmonary edema induced by intravenous ethchlorvynolDiagnosis and Treatment of Drug OverdoseIntravenous Ethchlorvynol-Induced Pulmonary Edema 1 July 1976Volume 85, Issue 1Page: 126-126KeywordsDrug abuseDyspneaEmergency departmentMouthTaste ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1976 PDF downloadLoading ...
Alemtuzumab versus interferon beta-1a in early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: post-hoc and subset analyses of clinical efficacy outcomes
Authors: Alasdair J Coles, Edward Fox, Anton Vladic, Suzanne K Gazda, Vesna Brinar, Krzysztof W Selmaj, Ann Doan-Do Bass, Daniel R Wynn, David H Margolin, Stephen L Lake, Susan Moran, Jeffrey Palmer, M Shelton Smith, D Alastair S Compston
Journal: The Lancet Neurology (2011)
Vinca Alkaloids and Platelet Function
Authors: PETER STEINHERZ
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

Letters and Corrections1 October 1984Vinca Alkaloids and Platelet FunctionPETER STEINHERZ, M.D.PETER STEINHERZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-101-4-570-1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The recent article by Ahn and associates (1) reported the use of slow infusions of vinca alkaloids in vivo to load autologous platelets for the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Although serum vinblastine levels are shown, no data are given for levels achieved in the platelets. Under the conditions described, does the patients' platelet-rich plasma have a higher drug content than platelet-poor plasma? Does the alkaloid concentration achieved effect the function of the platelets?We have shown a platelet dysfunction in patients treated with vincristine (2). The vinca alkaloid concentrations required for the disruption of microtubules and...Reference1. AHNHARRINGTONMYLVAGANAMALLENPALL YWRLL. Slow infusion of vinca alkaloids in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Ann Intern Med. 1984;100:192-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. STEINHERZMILLERHILGARTNERSCHMALZER PDME. Platelet dysfunction in vincristine treated patients. Br J Haematol. 1976;32:439-49. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar1. PANASCICOMISGINSBERG LRS. Pharmacokinetics of vinblastine loaded platelets utilized in the treatment of platelet-phagocytizing tumors. Cancer Treat Rep. 1980;64:1227-30. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. OWELLENHARTKEHAINS RCF. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of vinblastine in humans. Cancer Res. 1977;37:2597-602. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. WHITE J. Effects of colchicine and vinca alkaloids on human platelets: III. Influence on primary internal contraction and secondary aggregation. Am J Pathol. 1969;54:467-73. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. KUNTAMUKKULAMOAKEMCINTIRECIMO MJLP. Effects of colchicine and vinblastine on platelet contractility and release. Thromb Res. 1982;26:329-39. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. MANDELLEWINSKIDJALDETTI EUM. Vincristine induced myocardial infarction. Cancer. 1975;36:1972-82. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center New York, NY 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1984Volume 101, Issue 4Page: 570-570KeywordsAlkaloidsAttentionBlood plasmaDrugsIdiopathic thrombocytopenic purpuraPlatelets Issue Published: 1 October 1984 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Current treatment in hospital based outpatient heart failure clinics: The Canadian CHF Clinics Network initial experience
Authors: J.M.O. Arnold, J.D. Parker, J. Howlett, A. Ignaszewski, S. Smith, W. Czarnecki, M.‐H LeBlanc, P. Liu, A.R.J. Rajakumar
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2000)
Bilateral simultaneous indirect systolic blood pressure measurements
Authors: D. R GOLDHILL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1986)

An apparatus was used for measuring bilateral simultaneous indirect blood pressure in two groups of subjects. Interconnected cuffs were positioned around the arms and Doppler probes placed over each brachial artery to identify systolic pressure. In the first group of 52 subjects an observer listened simultaneously to both Doppler outputs. Cuff deflation followed American Heart Association recommendations (2-3 mm Hg X s-1). In the second group of 68 subjects Doppler output and cuff pressure were recorded and cuff deflation was slower. In the first group, 37% of subjects had a difference in pressure in the arms of greater than or equal to 6 mm Hg and 13% of greater than or equal to 11 mm Hg. In the second group there was no statistically significant difference between the pressures, with only 6% differing by greater than or equal to 6 mm Hg, the greatest difference being 9 mm Hg. It is concluded that study methods may have contributed to the large differences reported previously.
Fibromyalgia in the workplace.
Authors: G D Champion, M L Cohen, J L Quintner
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

Matters arisingthese clinical situations than during HRT.This suggests that ICTP might be a less sensitive marker for changes in bone resorption than expected.In summary, PICP decreases and ICTP does not change during one year's HRT.PICP seems to be a reliable marker of bone formation.In the present study, however, ICTP does not seem to be a sensitive marker of bone resorption.
The Relation of Running to Bone and Joint Disease
Authors: Harry W. Daniell
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  Lane et al 1 have demonstrated a higher mineral content of lumbar vertebral trabecular bone in runners. Their data, however, should be interpreted with caution until the smoking habits of their control subjects are known. Cigarette smoking is well established as a risk factor for the development of osteoporosis. 2-6 Since habitual runners are almost exclusively nonsmokers, any satisfactory control population should demonstrate comparable tobacco abstinence.
Future research in cognitive science and religion
Authors: Kelly Bulkeley
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

From a religious studies perspective, Atran &amp; Norenzayan (A&amp;N) succeed in arguing for the influence of evolved cognitive functions in religious phenomena. To develop their argument further, four suggestions are offered: (1) Look beyond the ordinary to the extraordinary; (2) culture matters more than ever; (3) theists need not despair, atheists ought not celebrate; and (4) dreaming is a primal wellspring of religion.
BMA calls for changes to legal aid system
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The BMA and the three medical defence bodies in Britain are so concerned about the rising cost of litigation that they are urging the government to make it harder for people to get legal aid to sue doctors and NHS trusts.

Dr Mac Armstrong, secretary of the BMA, wrote this week to the Lord Chancellor, Lord Irvine of Lairg, after receiving no reply to an earlier letter to Sir Tim Chessells, chairman of the Legal Aid Board. That letter, sent in July, was signed by …
Corticosteroids and Skin Tearing
Authors: Loren T. DeWind
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The report of Norman L. Gottlieb, MD, and Neal S. Penneys, MD, PhD (243:1260, 1980), "Spontaneous Skin Tearing During Systemic Corticosteroid Treatment," deserves emphasis from the standpoint of potential hospital liability. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 70-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital for investigation of weight loss and an upper abdominal mass. She had been treated for chronic recurring synovitis of the knees with dexamethasone in dosages from 0.5 to 1.5 mg daily intermittently for ten years. During this period, the skin of her forearms became extremely thin, and she experienced several episodes of subcutaneous extravasation of blood. On the fourth hospital day, she was transported to the x-ray department, where it was noted that she had two superficial tears in the skin of the left forearm with gaping margins. Attempts were made to suture the skin edges together, but the sutures tore through the skin.
H1 histamine receptor antagonist inhibits constitutive growth of Jurkat T cells and antigen-specific proliferation of ovalbumin-specific murine T cells
Authors: Zsuzsa Radvány, Zsuzsa Darvas, Krisztina Kerekes, József Prechl, Csaba Szalai, Eva Pállinger, Lászlo Valéria, Valéria Lia Varga, Matyas Sandor, Anna Erdei, András Falus
Journal: Seminars in Cancer Biology (2000)
Social Support, Depression, and Mortality During the First Year After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Nancy Frasure-Smith, François Lespérance, Ginette Gravel, Aline Masson, Martin Juneau, Mario Talajic, Martial G. Bourassa
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —We previously reported that depression after myocardial infarction (MI) increases the long-term risk of cardiac mortality. Other research suggests that social support may also influence prognosis. This article examines the interrelationships between baseline depression and social support in terms of cardiac prognosis and changes in depression symptoms over the first post-MI year. Methods and Results —For this study, 887 patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) at about 7 days after MI. Some 32% had BDIs ≥10, indicating mild to moderate depression. One-year survival status was determined for all patients. Follow-up interviews, including the BDI, were conducted with 89% of survivors. There were 39 deaths (35 cardiac). Elevated BDI scores were related to cardiac mortality ( P =0.0006), but PSSS scores and other measures of social support were not. There was a significant interaction between depression and the PSSS ( P =0.016). The relationship between depression and cardiac mortality decreased with increasing support. Furthermore, residual change score analysis revealed that among 1-year survivors who had been depressed at baseline, higher baseline social support was related to more improvement in depression symptoms than expected. Conclusions —Post-MI depression is a predictor of 1-year cardiac mortality, but social support is not directly related to survival. However, very high levels of support appear to buffer the impact of depression on mortality. Furthermore, high levels of support predict improvements in depression symptoms over the first post-MI year in depressed patients. High levels of support may protect patients from the negative prognostic consequences of depression because of improvements in depression symptoms.
Are NT-Pro brain natriuretic peptides related to systolic and diastolic left ventricular function at baseline and during antihypertensive treatment? The LIFE study
Authors: Kristian Wachtell, Michael H. Olsen, Christian Tuxen, Lia E. Bang, Christian Hall, Per R. Hildebrandt, Hans Ibsen, Jens E. Rokkedal, Richard B. Devereux
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
A Prospective, Multicenter Study of the Epidemiology, Management, and Outcome of Severe Acute Renal Failure in a “Closed” ICU System
Authors: LOUISE COLE, RINALDO BELLOMO, WILLIAM SILVESTER, JOHN H.REEVES for th e Victorian Severe Acute Renal Failure Study Group
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

The safety and effectiveness of "closed" intensive care units (ICUs) are highly controversial. The epidemiology and outcome of acute renal failure (ARF) requiring replacement therapy (severe ARF) within a "closed" ICU system are unknown. Accordingly, we performed a prospective 3-mo multicenter observational study of all Nephrology Units and ICUs in the State of Victoria (all "closed" ICUs), Australia, and focused on the epidemiology, treatment, and outcome of patients with severe ARF. We collected demographic, clinical, and outcome data using standardized case report forms. Nineteen ward patients and 116 adult ICU patients had severe ARF (13.4 cases/100,000 adults/yr). Among the ICU patients with severe ARF, 37 had impaired baseline renal function, 91 needed ventilation, and 95 needed vasoactive drugs. Intensivists controlled patient care in all cases. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) was used in 111 of the ICU patients. Nephrological opinion was sought in only 30 cases. Predicted mortality was 59.6%. Actual mortality was 49.2%. Only 11 ICU survivors were dialysis dependent at hospital discharge. In the state of Victoria, Australia, intensivists manage severe ARF within a "closed" ICU system. Renal replacement is typically continuous and outcomes compare favorably with those predicted by illness severity scores. Our findings support the safety and efficacy of a "closed" ICU model of care.
The diagnostic process: a comparison of scanning techniques.
Authors: L Kreel, H B Meire
Journal: BMJ (1977)

In choosing between various scanning techniques the factors to be considered include availability, cost, the type of equipment, the expertise of the medical and technical staff, and the inherent capabilities of the system. Although it is difficult to state dogmatically which scanning technique is best for each patient and condition, one or other technique is clearly preferable in some areas of medicine. Ultrasound, for example, should be used in obstetrics, while computerized tomography has revolutionised neuroradiological diagnosis. Nevertheless, there is still no substitute for good history taking and a thorough physical examination. The most important factor determining the choice of technique is the system's ability to answer the specific question required for the management of the patient.
PD4-1-7: Consolidation chemotherapy with monthly Paclitaxel and Cisplatin (PC) or observation after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS): Randomized phase II study
Authors: Young Seok Kim, Eun Kyung Choi, Jung Shin Lee, Cheolwon Suh, Sang-We Kim, Woo-Sung Kim, Seung Park, Kyung-Hyun Do, Si Yeol Song, Jae Won Park
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Rising to the GINA Asthma Challenge: thinking beyond just asthma
Authors: J. Mark FitzGerald, Eric D. Bateman, Suzanne Hurd, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Tari Haahtela, Alvaro A. Cruz, Mark L. Levy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

We would like to thank Z. Pond and co-workers for their interest in our recent editorial with regard to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Asthma Challenge [1].We are also delighted by their enthusiasm, in terms of embracing this concept, and framing the issue in the context of their local population.We recognise that the GINA recommendations provide a framework for the management of asthma in the general population of patients [2], but it is also recognised, within the body of the document, that management needs to be individualised.As Z. Pond and co-workers have outlined patient management must go beyond the appropriate prescription of medications, but also take account of the sociocultural factors [3,4] as well as the importance of psychological issues as outlined in their audit [5].We also feel that the assessment of the phenotype of asthma patients should take account of these factors as they are likely to contribute to an increased risk of hospitalisation.We strongly recommend that others embrace this approach of adapting locally our global challenge to reduce asthma hospitalisations.We suggest that by using the GINA asthma strategy as a framework for achieving asthma control that we can move closer to achieving our ultimate aim of reducing morbidity and mortality associated with this global public health challenge.It should be noted that our challenge of a 50% reduction in hospitalisations is targeted at a general population level and we appreciate that this may not be feasible in a more specialised setting, such as Z.
Non-insulin-dependent Diabetes (NIDDM) in a Newly Independent Pacific Nation: The Republic of Kiribati
Authors: Hilary King, Richard Taylor, Paul Zimmet, Karen Pargeter, L Robin Raper, T Beriki, J Tekanene
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

A population-based survey of 2938 subjects has demonstrated a high prevalence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) in the Micronesian population of Kiribati (formerly the Gilbert Islands). This finding provides further support for evidence from Nauru, Guam, and the Marshall Islands that Micronesians are particularly susceptible to NIDDM. The age-standardized prevalence was over twice as high in an urban, as compared with a rural, sample (9.1 versus 3.0 in men, 8.7 versus 3.3 in women). To test the a priori hypotheses that obesity, reduced physical activity, and a nontraditional diet are associated with NIDDM, indices of these factors were compared in rural and urban subjects. The rural population was found to be leaner, to have a higher estimate of habitual physical activity, and to have a lower percentage of daily energy intake derived from imported foods. Further analysis demonstrated that obesity alone was insufficient to explain the rural-urban difference in prevalence of NIDDM. The multiple logistic regression model demonstrated a significant association between the prevalence of NIDDM and both obesity and urbanization in men. In women, obesity, physical inactivity, and urbanization were all associated with increased prevalence of NIDDM.
Electrocardiographic Studies during Cardiac Surgery
Authors: E. J. JARUSZEWSKI, H. K. HELLERSTEIN, H. FEIL
Journal: Circulation (1953)

The electrocardiographic behavior of the heart was observed in 100 patients undergoing heart operations. Most of the arrhythmias were unrelated to the cardiac operative procedure, but as in other thoracic procedures, were related to hypoxia, level of anesthesia, vagal reflexes, and changes in blood pressure. T A and S-T displacements occurred in all groups and were thought to be related to altered dynamics of the right auricle and ventricle. Prevention, recognition and control of disturbances of cardiac mechanism are discussed.
Nurse Practitioner Redux Revisited-Reply
Authors: Catherine D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —After reading the letters written in response to my recent Commentary, I remain amazed at how different individuals can read the same article and have so many varied interpretations and reactions. It reminds me of my Uncle Ernie's observation: "When I believe it, I see it." What else can I say?
Transurethral Photoselective Vaporization versus Transvesical Open Enucleation for Prostatic Adenomas &gt;80ml: 12-mo Results of a Randomized Prospective Study
Authors: Gerasimos Alivizatos, Andreas Skolarikos, Dimitrios Chalikopoulos, Christos Papachristou, Odysseas Sopilidis, Athanasios Dellis, Ioannis Kastriotis, Charalambos Deliveliotis
Journal: European Urology (2007)