tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Umbilical Vein Graft for Lower Limb Ischaemia
Authors: Martin Thomas, A S Chilvers, P T Hall
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1982)

Over a two-year period 30 patients in a British district general hospital had human umbilical vein grafts (Meadox Medical) inserted for severe lower limb ischaemia. There were no perioperative deaths but 6 patients subsequently died from their atherosclerosis. The cumulative patency rate at one year was 70%. Five patients suffered immediate graft failure and all required amputation. Failures were due to inappropriate case selection and early technical inexperience with handling the graft.
A multicenter study of the clonal structure and resistance mechanism of KPC-producing Escherichia coli isolates in Israel
Authors: A. Adler, T. Miller-Roll, M.V. Assous, Y. Geffen, S. Paikin, D. Schwartz, Y. Weiner-Well, K. Hussein, R. Cohen, Y. Carmeli
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Economic and psychological experimental methodology: Separating the wheat from the chaff
Authors: Hasker P. Davis, Robert L. Durham
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Hertwig and Ortmann suggest methodological practices from economics (script enactment, repeated measures, performance based payments, and absence of deception) for psychology. Such prescriptive methodologies may be unrepresentative of real world behaviors because people are not: always behaving with complete information, monetarily rewarded for important activities, repeating tasks to perfection, aware of all contributing variables. These proscriptions, while useful in economics, may obfuscate important psychological phenomena.
Dose-intensity of a four-drug chemotherapy regimen with or without recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: a multicenter randomized phase III study.
Authors: J L Pujol, J Y Douillard, A Rivière, E Quoix, J L Lagrange, P Berthaud, M Bardonnet-Comte, V Polin, V Gautier, B Milleron, F Chomy, P Chomy, D Spaeth, T Le Chevalier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE AND METHODS We investigated whether a high-dose chemotherapy regimen of cyclophosphamide 1,800 mg/m2, 4'-epidoxorubicin 60 mg/m2, etoposide 330 mg/m2, and cisplatin 120 mg/m2 given monthly for four cycles with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF) support (5 micrograms/kg daily for 10 days) could improve the survival of patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) compared with a standard-dose regimen (cyclophosphamide 1,200 mg/m2, 4'-epidoxorubicin 40 mg/m2, etoposide 225 mg/m2, and cisplatin 100 mg/m2) given monthly for six cycles. Planned cumulative doses of the drugs were the same in both treatment arms except for cisplatin (which was 80% in the higher-dose plus rhGM-CSF group). RESULTS At the time of the preplanned interim analysis, 125 patients, 60 in the standard-dose group and 65 in the higher-dose plus rhGM-CSF group, had entered the study; 116 were eligible, 55 in the standard-dose group and 61 in the higher-dose group. All patients were included in the analyses. The cumulative doses of each drug actually delivered were significantly higher in the standard-dose group. No difference in response rates was observed between the two groups. There were significantly greater hematologic toxicities, documented infections, and transfusions of RBCs and platelets in the higher-dose plus rhGM-CSF group. Patients in this group proved to have a shorter survival duration and a shorter time to relapse than patients in the standard-dose group (median overall survival: standard-dose, 10.8 months; higher-dose, 8.9 months; log-rank test with adjustment for prognostic variables, P = .0005; respective probabilities of relapse at 1 year, 77 +/- 0.6 and 96 +/- 2.2; log-rank test, P = .013). CONCLUSION A 50% increase in dose-intensity for this four-drug regimen could not be achieved with GM-CSF due to excessive toxicity in patients with extensive-stage SCLC.
Nine royal colleges warn government about damaging effects of new junior doctors’ contract
Authors: Tom Moberly
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Presidents of nine medical royal colleges have written to England’s health secretary, Jeremy Hunt, to express their concern over changes to the junior doctors’ contract.

In the letter the colleges outlined the damaging effects of the proposed changes to the standard contract for junior doctors working in the NHS in England. They explained the impact on all trainees and the particular effect that the changes are likely to have on trainees in acute specialties.

The letter was signed by the presidents of the royal colleges of Anaesthetists, Emergency Medicine, Pathologists, Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Ophthalmologists, Paediatrics and Child Health, Physicians, Psychiatrists, and Radiologists, as well as the Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine. The colleges have …
Abstract 1744: Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery Flow Dynamics in Anterior Myocardial Infarction and Primary Angioplasty: Reduced in Early Phase and Hyperemic Pre-Discharge
Authors: Dawod S Sharif, Bnai Zion Hosp, Amal Sharif-Rasslan, Areih Shefer, Nabil Makhul, Amin Hassan, Uri Rosenschein
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Microcirculatory function in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) and primary angioplasty (PCI) is dynamic and affects coronary flow. Although, TIMI and myocardial blush grades provide se...
Prevalence of fragrance contact allergy in the general population of five European countries: a cross-sectional study
Authors: T.L. Diepgen, R. Ofenloch, M. Bruze, S. Cazzaniga, P.J. Coenraads, P. Elsner, M. Goncalo, Å. Svensson, L. Naldi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Contact allergy to fragrances is assessed mostly in clinical populations of patients. Studies in the general population are scarce and vary in their methodology across countries.To determine the prevalence of fragrance contact allergy in the European general population and to assess the clinical relevance of positive patch test reactions to different fragrances.In five European countries (Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal and Sweden) a random sample from the general population aged 18-74 years was drawn. In total, 12 377 subjects were interviewed in this cross-sectional study and a random sample (n = 3119) was patch tested using the TRUE Test and Finn Chamber techniques. Patch test procedures were harmonized by mandatory training before the study and monitoring during the study.The highest prevalence for contact allergy of 2·6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 2·1-3·2] was found for fragrance mix (FM) I in petrolatum, with a high content of atranol and chloratranol, followed by 1·9% (95% CI 1·5-2·4) for FM II in petrolatum. The conservatively estimated prevalence of fragrance contact allergy was 1·9% (95% CI 1·5-2·5). This is defined as the existence of a positive patch test to FM I or FM II; any of their individual materials; Myroxylon pereirae; sesquiterpene lactones or 3- and 4-hydroxyisohexyl 3-cyclohexene carboxaldehyde that show clinical relevance, defined conservatively as lifetime avoidance of scented products and an itchy skin rash lasting > 3 days in a lifetime. Using the reported lifetime prevalence of any contact dermatitis instead of the lifetime prevalence of any itchy skin rash, the prevalence is 0·8% (95% CI 0·5-1·2). The prevalence rates of contact allergy to fragrances in women are about twice those in men.This study helps to identify targets for prevention of fragrance allergy.
Bemegride as an Activator in Electroencephalography
Authors: J. Bingle
Journal: BMJ (1958)

The ninth Annual Report of Family Service Units states that during 1956-7 Family Service Units worked with over 700 families, or an equivalent of about 4,500 men, women, and children.It is often through a telephone call from a housing manager, hospital almoner, or probation officer that a family needing long-term assistance is heard of by F.S.U.
Improving outcomes for dialysis patients in the international dialysis outcomes and practice patterns study
Authors: Friedrich K. Port, Michel Jadoul, Ronald L. Pisoni, Juergen Bommer, Francesco Locatelli, Garabed Eknoyan, Kiyoshi Kurokawa, Bernard J. Canaud, Miles P. Finley, Eric W. Young
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2006)

The international Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (DOPPS) is well suited to evaluate levels of deviation from emerging and established guidelines to clinical practice of hemodialysis, over time and by country. The DOPPS can also evaluate whether the target levels that are chosen in the guidelines are in agreement with outcomes such as elevated risk for mortality, hospitalization, and vascular access failure. At a special DOPPS symposium during the 2004 congress of the American Society of Nephrology, the authors presented such findings; key points from that symposium are presented in this article, focusing on vascular access, mineral metabolism, dialysis dose, and anemia management. Although an observational study cannot prove causality, DOPPS suggests large opportunities to improve care and outcomes of dialysis patients. The international perspective of DOPPS assists in the new efforts for international guidelines. Some encouraging trends in recent years are documented in these areas.
The novel elastase inhibitor BAY 85-8501 provides a new approach in the treatment of pulmonary diseases
Authors: Johannes Nagelschmitz, Dorina Kaufel, Schwers Stephan, Franz von Nussbaum, Volkhart Li, Martina Delbeck, Klemens Lustig, Tiemo Bandel, Henrik Watz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is a key mediator of tissue remodeling and inflammation. An excess of HNE activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory pulmonary diseases like bronchiectasis (BE), COPD and pulmonary hypertension. HNE inhibitors could potentially restore the protease/anti-protease balance in these diseases providing a new therapeutic target.  This is the first disclosure of BAY 85-8501, a novel, highly selective and reversible HNE inhibitor with picomolar activity, which reveals target inhibition in the lung and ameliorates pulmonary inflammation in preclinical models (protease-induced acute lung injury model in mice, minimal effective dose 0.01 mg/kg po).  After single dose studies the drug candidate was evaluated in a multiple dose (MD) study in 26 healthy male subjects (0.3 - 1 mg as tablets once daily over 14 days). All treatments were safe and well tolerated without serious or severe adverse events and all clinical safety and laboratory parameters were in the normal range. Drug half-life allows once daily dosing. Evaluation of HNE inhibition after MD in an  ex-vivo  zymosan whole blood challenge assay (eliciting sterile inflammation) showed up to 90 % target inhibition at trough (24 h). Biomarker evaluation in BE patients revealed that significant HNE activity in sputum could be detected and this might be used for stratification of patients for HNE inhibitor treatment.  Conclusion: BAY 85-8501 is a promising candidate for evaluation as chronic anti-inflammatory treatment in patients with bronchiectasis. A Phase 2 study is currently conducted (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01818544).
Principles on the path to a hepatologist's enlightenment
Authors: Scott L. Friedman
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

1Division of Liver DiseasesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNY *Address reprint requests to: Scott L. Friedman, M.D., Division of Liver Diseases, Box 1123, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, Room 11‐70C, New York, NY 10029‐6574. E‐mail: [email protected]; fax: +1‐212‐849‐2574.
Concomitant obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizotypal personality disorder
Authors: Michael A Jenike, Lee Baer, William E. Minichiello, Carl E. Schwartz, Robert J. Carey
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

Despite advances in the management of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, some remain refractory to treatment. The authors retrospectively examined characteristics of 43 treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive patients and found that those with concomitant schizotypal personality disorder had an extremely high rate of treatment failure. Of the 29 treated nonschizotypal patients, 26 (90%) improved at least moderately; only one of 14 (7%) schizotypal patients improved. In addition, the number of schizotypal features in each patient was strongly negatively correlated with treatment outcome.
Abstract 6138: Two-Dimensional Atrial Strain and Strain Rate Predict Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm After Pulmonary Vein Ablation in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Hye Jin Hwang, Sung-Ai Kim, Boyoung Joung, Eui-Young Choi, Jin-Bae Kim, Moon-Hyoung Lee, Yangsoo Jang, Namsik Chung, Sung Soon Kim
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction A novel method to measure strain and strain rate from standard 2-dimensional(2D) has been developed. However, clinical usefulness of 2D atrial strain and strain rate has been not yet investigated. Hypothesis We assessed the hypothesis that 2D strain and strain rate might be reduced in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and predictive of maintenance of sinus rhythm after AF ablation. Methods Echocardiographic examinations were performed in 44 patients with lone AF before AF ablation. Using a dedicated software package, bidimensional acquisitions were analyzed to measure longitudinal strain and strain rate in apical 4- and 2-chamber views. Maintenance of sinus rhythm after AF ablation was assessed during a 9 months follow-up. 2D left atrial(LA) strain and strain rate values in AF patients were compared with those of age- and sex-matched referents(N=40). Moreover, clinical and echocardiographic parameters of patients with maintenance of sinus rhythm (n=30) over the follow-up period were compared with those from patients with AF recurrence (n=14). Results All components of strain and strain rate were significantly reduced in AF patients. Average LA longitudinal strain and strain rate in patients with AF and referents were 28.1 ± 8.7 % versus 40.5 ± 6.4 and 1.8 ± 0.5 versus 2.4 ± 0.9, respectively (all p &lt; 0.001). The individual predictors of sinus rhythm maintenance after AF ablation were paroxysmal AF(80 vs. 35.7%, p = 0.007), duration of AF (3.5 ± 3.1 vs. 5.9 ± 3.4 years, p=0.037), LA volume index(29±8 vs. 36±14ml/m2, p=0.045), average LA longitudinal strain (30.9±7.9 vs. 21.9 ± 7.3, p=0.001) and strain rate (2.0 ± 0.4 vs.1.6±0.6, p=0.008) peak systolic values. Average LA longitudinal strain parameter (OR 0.85, 95% CI 0.74–0.97, p=0.016) was confirmed as independent predictor of sinus rhythm maintenance by multivariate analysis, with a contribution from paroxysmal AF (OR 8.17, 95% CI 1.03–64.85, p=0.047). Average interobserver and intraobserver variabilities for strain and strain rate were 9.2%, 10.3%, 13.2%, and 14.1%, respectively. Conclusions Patients with higher atrial strain appear to have a greater likelihood of maintenance of sinus rhythm after AF ablation. 2D strain of LA may be helpful to select candidates of AF ablation.
Evaluation of tularaemia courses: a multicentre study from Turkey
Authors: H. Erdem, D. Ozturk-Engin, M. Yesilyurt, O. Karabay, N. Elaldi, G. Celebi, N. Korkmaz, T. Guven, S. Sumer, N. Tulek, O. Ural, G. Yilmaz, S. Erdinc, S. Nayman-Alpat, E. Sehmen, C. Kader, N. Sari, A. Engin, G. Cicek-Senturk, G. Ertem-Tuncer, G. Gulen, F. Duygu, A. Ogutlu, E. Ayaslioglu, A. Karadenizli, M. Meric, M. Ulug, C. Ataman-Hatipoglu, F. Sirmatel, S. Cesur, S. Comoglu, A. Kadanali, A. Karakas, A. Asan, I. Gonen, Y. Kurtoglu-Gul, N. Altin, S. Ozkanli, F. Yilmaz-Karadag, M. Cabalak, S. Gencer, A. Umut Pekok, D. Yildirim, D. Seyman, B. Teker, H. Yilmaz, K. Yasar, I. Inanc Balkan, H. Turan, M. Uguz, S. Kilic, Y. Akkoyunlu, S. Kaya, A. Erdem, A. Inan, Y. Cag, S. Bolukcu, A. Ulu-Kilic, N. Ozgunes, L. Gorenek, A. Batirel, C. Agalar
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Prolonged restaurant-associated outbreak of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium among patients from several European countries
Authors: S. Ethelberg, M. Lisby, M. Torpdahl, G. Sørensen, J. Neimann, P. Rasmussen, S. Bang, U. Stamer, H. Bertil Hansson, K. Nygård, D. Lau Baggesen, E. Møller Nielsen, K. Mølbak, M. Helms
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2004)
Alpha C-Telopeptide of Type I Collagen Is Associated With Subchondral Bone Turnover and Predicts Progression of Joint Space Narrowing and Osteophytes in Osteoarthritis
Authors: Janet L. Huebner, Anne C. Bay‐Jensen, Kim M. Huffman, Yi He, Diana J. Leeming, Gary E. McDaniel, Morten A. Karsdal, Virginia B. Kraus
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective To evaluate joint tissue remodeling using the urinary collagen biomarkers urinary α‐C‐telopeptide of type I collagen (α‐CTX) and urinary C‐telopeptide of type II collagen (CTX‐II) and to determine the association of these biomarkers with osteoarthritis (OA) severity, progression, and localized knee bone turnover. Methods Participants (n = 149) with symptomatic and radiographic knee OA underwent fixed‐flexion knee radiography at baseline and 3 years, and late‐phase bone scintigraphy of both knees at baseline, which were scored semiquantitatively for osteophyte and joint space narrowing (JSN) severity and uptake intensity, with scores summed across knees. Urinary concentrations of α‐CTX and CTX‐II were determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Immunohistochemical analysis of human OA knees was performed to localize the joint tissue origin of the biomarker epitopes. Results Urinary α‐CTX concentrations correlated strongly with the intensity of bone scintigraphic uptake and with JSN progression (risk ratio 13.2) and osteophyte progression (risk ratio 3). Urinary CTX‐II concentrations were strongly associated with intensity of bone scintigraphic uptake, with JSN and osteophyte severity, and with OA progression based on osteophyte score. Urinary α‐CTX localized primarily to high bone turnover areas in subchondral bone. CTX‐II localized to the bone–cartilage interface, the tidemark, and damaged articular cartilage. Conclusion Baseline urinary α‐CTX, which was localized to high turnover areas of subchondral bone, was associated with dynamic bone turnover of knees, as signified by scintigraphy, and progression of both osteophytes and JSN. Urinary CTX‐II correlated with JSN and osteophyte severity and progression of osteophytes. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of serologic markers reflecting subchondral bone turnover. These collagen markers may be useful for noninvasive detection and quantification of active subchondral bone turnover and joint remodeling in knee OA.
“Bulky Mass”
Authors: Shirly Nieves-Maldonado, Virginia Pubul-Nuñez, Sonia Argibay-Vazquez, Jose Manuel Cabezas-Agrícola, Alvaro Ruibal-Morell
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Poorly differentiated follicular thyroid carcinoma (PDFC) is a tumor of follicular cell origin with intermediate attributes between well-differentiated carcinomas and anaplastic carcinomas. The majority of patients presenting with distant metastases have locally advanced tumors, being lungs and bones the most common sites affected. We present a case of a patient with a painful bulky mass at the left thorax-abdominal wall as an uncommon distant metastasis of a PDFC. After thyroidectomy, a pre-ablative 131I whole-body scan showed distant metastases on the neck, both lungs, and lateral chest-abdominal wall, so the administration of 131I for thyroid remnant ablation stimulated with RH-TSH was decided.
Abstract 3584: The Prevalence and Factors Associated With 1-Year Angina among Post-MI Patients
Authors: Thomas M Maddox, Kimberly J Reid, John A Spertus, Susmita Parashar, Harlan M Krumholz, P. Michael Ho, John S Rumsfeld
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: A primary goal of in-hospital treatment and outpatient care following myocardial infarction (MI) is the eradication of angina. However, the prevalence of angina and the factors associated with angina in the year after MI are unknown. Methods: The primary outcome of the PREMIER multi-center prospective study was presence of angina, as measured by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ), 1 year after MI hospitalization. Multivariable regression modeling identified the socio-demographic factors, clinical history, MI presentation, inpatient therapies and complications, and outpatient treatment characteristics associated with 1-year angina, adjusted for site. . Results: Of 1957 patients in the cohort, 83 patients (4.2%) reported daily or weekly angina, and 306 patients (15.6%) reported less than weekly angina 1 year after their index MI. After multivariable analysis (figure ), angina 1 year after an index MI was associated with younger age, non-white race, baseline angina, history of CABG surgery, no inpatient revascularization, recurrent rest angina during MI hospitalization, persistent smoking after MI hospitalization, outpatient revascularization after MI hospitalization, and depressive symptoms (either as an inpatient or during the year after MI hospitalization). Conclusions: Angina 1 year after MI hospitalization is associated with several modifiable factors, including persistent smoking and depressive symptoms in the year after MI discharge. Recognition of these relationships will be important in monitoring and treating at-risk patients for post-MI angina.
Policies to increase patient throughput have led to more infections, says BMA
Authors: Anne Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A report into infections associated with health care has condemned the government’s reliance on short term solutions, such as deep cleaning, changes in dress code, and alcohol hand gels. It urges that all action to minimise the risk of infections be evidence based.

The report from the BMA’s board of science, says that the UK government has failed to adequately tackle the problem of healthcare associated infections. It criticises the government for concentrating on meticillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difficile while ignoring other healthcare associated infections and infections acquired in the community.

The report says that government policies to increase the number of patients have led to a rise in infections. 

“With the introduction of broader …