tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Which patients benefit most from early thrombolytic therapy with intracoronary streptokinase?
Authors: F Vermeer, M L Simoons, F W Bär, J G Tijssen, R T van Domburg, P W Serruys, F W Verheugt, J C Res, C de Zwaan, A van der Laarse
Journal: Circulation (1986)

The effect of thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction on enzymatic infarct size, left ventricular function, and early mortality was studied in subsets of patients in a randomized trial. Early thrombolytic therapy with intracoronary streptokinase (152 patients) or with intracoronary streptokinase preceded by intravenous streptokinase (117 patients) was compared with conventional treatment (264 patients). All 533 patients were admitted to the coronary care unit within 4 hr after onset of symptoms indicative of acute myocardial infarction. Four hundred eighty-eight patients were eligible for this detailed analysis, and 245 of these were allocated to thrombolytic therapy and 243 to conventional treatment. Early angiographic examinations were performed in 212 patients allocated to thrombolytic therapy. Patency of the infarct-related artery was achieved in 181 patients (85%). Enzymatic infarct size, as measured from cumulative alpha-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase release, was smaller in patients allocated to thrombolytic therapy (median 760 vs 1170 U/liter in control patients, p = .0001). Left ventricular ejection fraction measured by radionuclide angiography before discharge from the hospital was higher after thrombolytic therapy (median 50% vs 43% in control patients, p = .0001). Three month mortality was lower in patients allocated to thrombolytic therapy (6% vs 14% in the control group, p = .006). With the use of multivariate regression analysis, infarct size limitation, improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction, and three month mortality were predicted by sum of the ST segment elevation, time from onset of symptoms to admission, and Killip class at admission. Thrombolysis was most effective in patients admitted within 2 hr after onset of symptoms and in patients with a sum of ST segment elevation of 1.2 mV or more. On the other hand, no beneficial effects of streptokinase on enzymatic infarct size, left ventricular function, or mortality were observed in the subset of patients with a sum of ST segment elevation of less than 1.2 mV who were admitted between 2 and 4 hr after onset of symptoms.
Variation of Antigenic Characteristics Between Different Mouse Lymphomas Induced by the Moloney Virus2
Authors: George Klein, Eva Klein, Geoffrey Haughton
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1966)

Journal Article Variation of Antigenic Characteristics Between Different Mouse Lymphomas Induced by the Moloney Virus Get access George Klein, George Klein Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet Medical School, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eva Klein, Eva Klein Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet Medical School, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Geoffrey Haughton Geoffrey Haughton Department of Tumor Biology, Karolinska Institutet Medical School, Stockholm, Sweden 3The valuable technical assistance of Miss Ulla Gars, Mrs. Maj-Lis Solberg, Mrs. Yvonne Wiklund, and Ing. Karol Swiech is gratefully acknowledged. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 36, Issue 4, April 1966, Pages 607–621, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/36.4.607 Published: 01 April 1966 Article history Received: 14 June 1965 Published: 01 April 1966
Risk of developing <scp>P</scp>arkinson's disease among patients with asthma: a nationwide longitudinal study
Authors: C.‐M. Cheng, Y.‐H. Wu, S.‐J. Tsai, Y.‐M. Bai, J.‐W. Hsu, K.‐L. Huang, T.‐P. Su, C.‐T. Li, C.‐F. Tsai, A. C. Yang, W.‐C. Lin, T.‐L. Pan, W.‐H. Chang, T.‐J. Chen, M.‐H. Chen
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract Background A cross‐sectional retrospective study suggested a link between allergic diseases and Parkinson's disease. However, the temporal association between asthma and Parkinson's disease remains unknown. Methods From the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, 10 455 patients who were diagnosed with asthma between 1998 and 2008 and aged ≥45 years and 41 820 age‐ and sex‐matched controls were selected for our study and observed until the end of 2011. Those who developed Parkinson's disease during the follow‐up period were identified. We also examined the asthma severity, as indicated by the frequency of admission (times per year) for asthma exacerbation, and the risk of subsequent Parkinson's disease. Results Patients with asthma had an increased risk of developing Parkinson's disease (hazard ratio [ HR ]: 3.10, 95% confidence interval [ CI ]: 2.20–4.36) after we adjusted for demographic data, health system use, medical comorbidities, and medication use. Sensitivity tests yielded consistent findings after we excluded observations on the first year ( HR : 2.90, 95% CI : 2.04–4.13) and first 3 years ( HR : 2.46, 95% CI : 1.64–3.69). Patients with asthma who had more frequent admissions (times per year) during the follow‐up period exhibited a greater risk of subsequent Parkinson's disease (&gt;2: HR : 16.42, 95% CI : 5.88–45.91; 1‐2: 12.69, 95% CI : 5.03–31.71; 0‐1: HR : 2.92, 95% CI : 1.91–4.49). Conclusion Patients with asthma had an elevated risk of developing Parkinson's disease later in life, and we observed a dose‐dependent relationship between greater asthma severity and a higher risk of subsequent Parkinson's disease.
Reply
Authors: Ho Cheol Hong, Kyung Mook Choi
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. We appreciate the interest of Dr. Pang and colleagues in our article about a relationship between sarcopenia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).1 They suggest that the association between sarcopenia and NAFLD may partially be related to low vitamin D status. The increase of an indoor lifestyle and aging society has brought deficiency of vitamin D in the general population. Traditionally, vitamin D has been regarded as a vital factor for bone health and calcium metabolism. Recently, deficiency of vitamin D has been known to be associated with chronic metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease, beyond calcium and bone metabolism. Furthermore, low vitamin D levels are associated with decreased muscle mass and strength. Visser et al. reported that lower 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels increase risk of sarcopenia in older men and women.2 In addition, 25(OH)D levels were positively associated with skeletal muscle mass in our previous study.3 Accumulating evidences support that low 25(OH)D status may be associated with both sarcopenia and low physical activity. As shown by Dr. Pang and colleagues, the relationship between vitamin D levels and NAFLD has been increasingly recognized. Recently, Barchetta et al. reported that low 25(OH)D levels are associated with the presence of NAFLD, independent of metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and insulin‐resistant profiles.4 In conclusion, we agree with Dr. Pang's opinion that vitamin D deficiency, sarcopenia, and NAFLD may be linked together. Further studies might be needed to explore the pathogenic and therapeutic implications of vitamin D in patients with NAFLD and sarcopenia.
Significance of urine NMP22 in the screening of urothelial cancer
Authors: H. Ikeda, Y. Ishida, S. Seko, M. Mizutani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

16142 Background: The early diagnosis of urothelial cancer allows for effective local treatment and optimizes the success of surgical therapy. Urine nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) was introduced for the detection of transitional cell carcinoma. The objective of this study is to determine whether there are any correlation between urine NMP22 and the grade or stage of urothelial cancer, and whether it can serve as a biochemical marker of urothelial cancer. Methods: A total of 307 patients with hematuria or followed up after TUR-BT, from December 2004 to April 2007, visited our hospital and subsequently underwent cystoscopy. The 307 patients provided voided urine samples. We immediately examined urine cytology and NMP22. We set the cut off value at 12.0 U/ml for NMP22. We judged that in urine cytology, class I, II, III were negative, while IV, V were positive by Papanicolaou classification. Results: NMP22 was higher than urine cytology in sensitivity. There were many false positive cases in urine NMP22, especially patients with pyuria. The false negative rate was relatively high in both urine cytology and NMP22. The sensitivity of NMP22 had a tendency to rise in proportion to the size, stage and grade of bladder cancer, compared with urine cytology. By adding NMP22 to urine cytology, sensitivity rose about 17%. Conclusions: We evaluated the usefulness of NMP22 for the urine tumor marker in the screening of urothelial cancer. By using NMP22, the possibility of early detection of urothelial cancer could not be found by urine cytology only was suggestive. It seems that the addition of NMP22 to urine cytology is useful in the screening of urothelial cancer. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Qualitative multiplex RT-PCR for simultaneous detection of hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus in plasma samples
Authors: V. Adami, E. Falasca, L. Dorotea, W. Malangone, G. Astori, L. Marini, F. Biffoni, C. Rinaldi, A. Degrassi, C. Pipan
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2004)
How does CHF influence the physiological and sensory responses to incremental exercise in patients with COPD
Authors: Maria Clara Alencar, Flavio Arbex, Rita Santos, Gabriela Figliolino, Frederico Mancuso, Wladimir Medeiros, Dirceu Almeida, Luiz Eduardo Nery, Denis O'Donnell, J. Alberto Neder
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Anecdotal evidence suggests that patients with COPD who present with heart failure and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) have poorer functional performance than their counterparts with COPD in isolation. However, no previous study has prospectively contrasted the physiological and subjective responses of COPD+HFrEF and COPD matched by the severity of airflow obstruction. Forty-four males with COPD+HFrEF and 52 age-matched patients with COPD underwent an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise test. Peak exercise capacity was significantly reduced in COPD+HFrEF. This was associated with increased sub-maximal ventilatory responses and less oxy-hemoglobin desaturation (p Table ).   Table. Resting characteristics and responses to incremental exercise.   * p  In conclusion, excessive exercise ventilatory responses in COPD+HFrEF than FEV 1 -matched COPD patients were not translated into greater breathlessness scores as the former group showed less ventilatory constraints and hypoxemia. These results suggest that other mechanisms (e.g., cardiovascular, peripheral) are more relevant for worsening exercise capacity in COPD+HFrEF.
Rosuvastatin in Patients with Elevated C-Reactive Protein
Authors: Raymond J Gibbons
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

Rosuvastatin in Patients with Elevated C-Reactive ProteinTo the Editor: Ridker et al. (Nov.20 issue) report the results of Justification for the Use of Statins in Prevention: an Intervention Trial Evaluating Rosuvastatin (JUPITER), 1 which showed that rosuvastatin significantly reduced cardiovascular events in patients with elevated levels of C-reactive protein.However, broad application of their results in primary prevention is premature, since the baseline therapy that many patients in the study were receiving did not meet existing standards.Although about 50% of the patients had intermediate Framingham risk scores, which would have qualified such men (and possibly women) for aspirin therapy, 2,3 only 16.6% of the patients were receiving aspirin.One quarter of the patients had a systolic blood pressure of at least 145 mm Hg, indicating that their hypertension was not being treated according to existing national goals. 4Almost 16% of the patients were current smokers.It is impossible to tell how many of the patients were receiving "optimal therapy" at baseline, defined as meeting current targets in all three of the following areas: the use of aspirin when indicated, hypertension treated to national goals, and no tobacco use.Future substudies should examine the number of patients who would need to be treated to prevent one cardiovascular event in the subgroup of patients who were already receiv-ing optimal therapy at baseline.Public health might be better served by improving compliance with existing standards.
Management of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
Authors: Kenneth W. Tsang, Wah K. Lam
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a highly contagious and predominantly pneumonic illness caused by a novel coronavirus now commonly known as SARS-CoV (1, 2). Since its recognition in February 2003, SARS has spread to 30 countries and has affected over 8,000 people, resulting in almost 700 deaths worldwide (3). In Hong Kong, over 25% of the victims are health care workers, and the fear of this disease has created devastating socioeconomic effects in Hong Kong and worldwide. SARS is a severe and potentially progressive disease, and many patients progress to severe pneumonia and some even die with diffuse alveolar damage (4). Although it is increasingly being recognized that the mode of transmission is predominantly via droplets, it is now suspected that SARS could also be transmitted via fomites and contaminated sewage systems (5). Although the outbreak of SARS has triggered tremendous international research collaboration, which has enabled rapid dissemination of newly found knowledge to combat this frightening condition, there is very little published literature illustrating the experience of clinicians in the management of these patients. As the vast majority of cases occurred in Hong Kong, Singapore, Taiwan, the mainland of China, and Toronto, physicians outside these areas have seldom had the opportunity to manage these patients (4, 6, 7). Although it is commonly agreed that SARS-CoV infection, being a viral illness, does not respond to antibiotic therapy, other treatment modalities are controversial (6, 8–11). In Hong Kong, a combination of corticosteroid and ribavirin, a broad-spectrum antiviral agent, is routinely used. The use of ribavirin has attracted considerable skepticism because it exhibits no in vitro efficacy against SARS-CoV and it is associated with considerable toxicities, including hemolytic anemia (10, 12, 13). Until we have an efficacious vaccine and implementation of effective epidemiologic infection control measures, and in the absence of effective anti-SARS-CoV agents in sight, SARS is likely to remain a major health threat to the world. In this article, we attempt to address the diagnostic and therapeutic experience regarding this new condition, and in doing so we hope our experience will assist clinicians in their encounter with this potentially devastating, poorly understood new disease.
Expression of epidermal growth factor receptor and survival in upper aerodigestive tract cancer.
Authors: O Dassonville, J L Formento, M Francoual, A Ramaioli, J Santini, M Schneider, F Demard, G Milano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

To determine the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to evaluate its prognostic value.EGFR was determined in tumor biopsies obtained from 109 consecutive patients with head and neck cancer (100 men, nine women). Control biopsies were obtained from 94 patients in a symetric nontumoral area of the same anatomic site. EGFR was measured by a binding assay using human recombinant iodine 125-EGF.The presence of detectable EGFR levels was found in all explored tumors with highly marked differences between patients (median, 71 fmol/mg protein; range, 2 to 2,302). In 93 of 94 cases, EGFR levels were higher in tumor samples as compared with healthy control zones. There was no significant difference in EGFR expression according to the various anatomic sites explored or tumoral differentiation status. There was a significant difference of distribution for EGFR levels between stages I and II tumors and stages III and IV tumors. The tumor EGFR levels were not linked to the response to first-line chemotherapy by cisplatin (CDDP) and fluorouracil (5FU). Survival was assessable for 103 patients for overall survival and for 81 patients for recurrence. EGFR overexpression was associated with shorter relapse-free (P = .0125) and overall survival (P = .028) rates. By multivariate analysis, the only significant variable was EGFR for relapse-free survival and tumor staging for overall survival. The association of EGFR to tumor staging markedly improves the significance for overall survival predictability (P = .002).EGFR determination deserves particular attention in head and neck cancer, since it independently carries a strong prognostic value.
Respiratory symptoms and the maximum expiratory flow-volume curve; a multivariate approach
Authors: W Van Pelt, PH Quanjer, GJ Borsboom, R Van der Lende
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

Information on the size and shape of about 8500 maximum expiratory flow-volume (MEFV) curves was related multivariately to respiratory symptoms to construct a sensitive measure of airflow limitation. The data were obtained in an epidemiological follow-up study of a normal population in The Netherlands. Using non-linear canonical correlation analysis, thirteen variables from each curve yielded two uncorrelated variates which were optimally related to two variates simultaneously derived from all respiratory data. Curves with different size and shape may yield the same probability for respiratory symptoms. In this context the scores of individuals on the scales of the two curve-derived variates do not have to be corrected for body or lung size. Using FEV1 and standing height about half as much of the variability in respiratory symptoms is explained as when using the whole MEFV-curve. Moreover, the distribution of the scores for the MEFV-curves allows the differentiation between three patterns of airflow limitation graphically. These three types suggest different pathophysiological mechanisms related to airways resistance and lung elastic recoil and may be used to characterize individual curves. One type relates to subjects with symptoms of 'asthma', one to airflow limitation as found among people with dyspnoea and elderly subjects and another to bronchitic symptoms. In females, the association of the MEFV-curve with 'asthma' is stronger than in males but much weaker with bronchitic symptoms. Curves found to be more related to 'asthma' or bronchitic symptoms, but not to dyspnoea, are more prevalent among current than among never smokers in males.
Early Mouse Embryo Intracisternal Particle: Fourth Type of Retrovirus-Like Particle Associated With the Mouse&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Y Yotsuyanagi, D Szöllösi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Electron microscopy combined with a quantitative analysis was used to study the virus-like particles appearing in oocytes and preimplantation embryos of nine mouse strains: inbred AKR, NZB, BALB/c, and C3H/He; randomized Swiss; inbred DDK; noninbred Peru; and randombred Q and MF1. Main findings were as follows: 1) The omnipresence was noted in mice of a fourth type of retrovirus-like particle (referred to as epsilon-particle) clearly distinguishable from the known A-, B-, and C-type particles and resembling more closely the R-type particles of the hamster. 2) epsilon-Particles occur transiently within the endoplasmic reticulum of early cleavage-stage embryos and have not yet been observed in either oocytes or later embryos, in normal adult tissues, or in tumors. 3) Intracisternal A-particles, identical to those seen generally in mouse tumors, also occurred in oocytes and early embryos but by far in smaller numbers than did epsilon-particles. 4) The production of epsilon- and A-particles exhibited exactly inverse patterns of developmental stage dependence. These patterns were basically similar, regardless of the mouse strain examined. 5) In contrast, the mode of occurrence of C-type particles was subject to a great strain-dependent variation.
Abstract P347: Sex Differences in Barriers to Antihypertensive Medication Adherence: Findings from the Cohort Study of Medication Adherence among Older Adults (CoSMO)
Authors: Elizabeth W Holt, Cara Joyce, Adriana Dornelles, Donald E Morisky, Larry S Webber, Paul Muntner, Marie A Krousel-Wood
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives: We assessed whether socio-demographic, clinical, health care system, psychosocial, and behavioral factors are differentially associated with low antihypertensive medication adherence scores among older men and women. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from the Cohort Study of Medication Adherence in Older Adults (CoSMO, n=2,194). Low antihypertensive medication adherence was defined as a score &lt;6 on the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. Risk factors for low adherence were collected using telephone surveys and administrative databases. Results: The prevalence of low medication adherence scores did not differ by sex [15.0% (193 of 1,283) in women and 13.1% (119 of 911) in men p=0.208]. In sex-specific multivariable models, having issues with medication cost and practicing fewer lifestyle modifications for blood pressure control were associated with low adherence scores among both men and women. Factors associated with low adherence scores in men but not women included reduced sexual functioning (OR = 2.03; 95% CI: 1.31, 3.16 for men and OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 0.90, 1.82 for women), and BMI ≥25 (OR = 3.23; 95% CI: 1.59, 6.59 for men and 1.23; 95% CI: 0.82, 1.85 for women). Factors associated with low adherence scores in women but not men included dissatisfaction with communication with their healthcare provider (OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.65 for women and OR =1.16 95% CI: 0.57, 2.34 for men) and depressive symptoms (OR = 2.29; 95% CI: 1.55, 3.38 for women and OR = 0.93; 95% CI: 0.48, 1.80 for men). Conclusion: Factors associated with low antihypertensive medication adherence scores differed by sex. Interventions designed to improve adherence in older adults should be tailored to account for the sex of the target population.