tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative study of three quality of life instruments in adolescent and adults with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Monica Cebrian, Javier Ferrero, Emilio Ansotegui, Amparo Sole
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Multiple patient reported outcomes have been used in order to measure quality of life in Cystic Fibrosis in Spain, but it is important to find a consensus on which is the most reliable and valid quality of life instrument.  OBJECTIVE: To compare three quality of life questionnaires widely used among CF patients in order to prove which of them is more valid and reliable when measuring quality of life and disease severity.  METHODS: Two disease-specific questionnaires: Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R), and St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and a generic instrument: the Short-form-36 health survey (SF-36), were simultaneously administered in to 75 adolescents and adults with CF (≥14 years old), 20 of which were awaiting lung transplantation. Internal consistency (Cronbach alpha), and convergent and construct validity were calculated, as well as external validity (correlations of each questionnaire with demographic and clinical variables: lung transplantation list, FEV1, pulmonary exacerbation and intravenous treatment, digestive disorders, etc.).  RESULTS: Similar reliability, but different validity of the questionnaires was shown. Strong correlations (≥0.70) were found between several of the scales in the three questionnaires: physical functioning, role limitation, energy and vitality, and mental health. The CFQ-R allows a better differentiation of the varying levels of disease severity, plus it has disease-specific scales.  DISCUSSION: An instruments9 validity and applicability should be considered when choosing a questionnaire to measure HRQoL in CF patients. The CFQ-R proved to be the most suitable, although some of its subscales could be reviewed.
Prevalence of COPD in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia and its relation to smoking
Authors: Sohei Makino, Clyde Ito, Hironori Sagara, Kimihiro Nakae, Munkhbayarlakh Sonomjamts
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Prevalence of spirometry-based diagnosed COPD has not been established in many of developing countries including Mongolia.   Objectives  The aims of this project are to study the prevalence of COPD in Ulaanbaatar, and examine the influence of smoking to the prevalence.   Methods  Randomly recruited 599 adults 40 years and over (male:300, female:299) showed spirometry recording acceptable for diagnosis of COPD. COPD was defined by FEV1/FVC   Results    Prevalence of COPD  was 3.1 %( male: 5.6% and female: 1.1%).  Age-adjusted prevalence in all was 4.8%.   Prevalence of ever/current smoking in adults 40 years and over   Ever/current smokers include both ever-smokers and current smokers. Smoking rate was high in male 76.9%, as compared to female 21.4%.   Relationship between smoking and COPD in adults 40 years and over   Prevalence of COPD was higher among smokers than in non-smokers in all, male and female (4.5 vs. 1.6, 5.2 vs. 4.4, and 1.7 vs. 0.8%, respectively).   Conclusion  Age-adjusted prevalence of COPD in Ulaanbaatar was 4.8% in all. This prevalence was in the rage of values reported in the other part of the world.  Prevalence of COPD in male was high both in smokers and non-smokers (5.25 and 4.4%). Passive smoking may cause COPD in non-smokers, since approximately 80% of male smoked.
c-kit Is Expressed in Soft Tissue Sarcoma of Neuroectodermic Origin and Its Ligand Prevents Apoptosis of Neoplastic Cells
Authors: Emanuela Ricotti, Franca Fagioli, Emanuela Garelli, Claudia Linari, Nicoletta Crescenzio, Alberto L. Horenstein, Paola Pistamiglio, Sergio Vai, Massimo Berger, Luca Cordero diMontezemolo, Enrico Madon, Giuseppe Basso
Journal: Blood (1998)
SETBP1 and CSF3R Mutations In Atypical Chronic Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Rocco Piazza, Sara Redaelli, Simona Valletta, Alessandra Pirola, Roberta Spinelli, Vera Magistroni, Dong-Wook Kim, Nicholas C.P. Cross, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini
Journal: Blood (2013)
Postpartum Reactions: Some Unrecognized Variations
Authors: STUART S. ASCH, LOWELL J. RUBIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors describe four postpartum syndromes that are not often recognized, including infanticide and child battering, the grandmother reaction, the adoptive mother reaction, and the father reaction. These reactions derive from experiences involving the person's mental representations of pregnancy, parturition, and motherhood and are not confined to the biological mother. The phenomenon of successive generations of postpartum reactions in women is described and explained as being grandmother-oriented. Awareness of this sequence should aid in the anticipation of postpartum psychopathology.
<i>CCR</i> 20th Anniversary Commentary: Determining a Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Relationship for Sunitinib—A Look Back
Authors: Dirk B. Mendel, Julie M. Cherrington, A. Douglas Laird
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The article by Mendel and colleagues, published in the January 1, 2003, issue of Clinical Cancer Research, described their novel preclinical approach to developing a thorough understanding of the exposure–activity relationship for sunitinib, a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor being developed for oncology therapy. This work successfully set exposure guidelines to identify a biologically active dose in early clinical trials. Clin Cancer Res; 21(11); 2415–7. ©2015 AACR. See related article by Mendel et al., Clin Cancer Res 2003;9(1) January 2003;327–37
Integration of Gene Mapping and Expression Arrays Identifies Mechanisms by Which Genes Are Dysregulated as a Result of Copy Number Loss and Gain Associated with IgH Translocations in Multiple Myeloma.
Authors: Matthew W. Jenner, Gonzalez David, Paola E. Leone, Brian A. Walker, David C. Johnson, Nicholas J. Dickens, Fiona M. Ross, Faith E. Davies, Gareth J. Morgan
Journal: Blood (2007)
Parents of boy with brain cancer put him at risk when they took him from hospital, report finds
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The parents of Ashya King, a boy with brain cancer, put him at risk when they removed him from Southampton General Hospital without notice, after losing trust in his doctors, and took him abroad for proton beam therapy, a report from Portsmouth Safeguarding Children Board has concluded.1

The boy, then 5 years old, had had surgery for a medulloblastoma in August 2014 and was being fed through a nasogastric tube and was at risk of serious harm if “anything untoward” had happened to the tube, the report said.

One relevant factor in the breakdown of trust was a delay in obtaining a second opinion for the parents, Brett and Naghmeh King. The report …
Regulatory T, B cells and inflammation: Do they play an important role in lung cancer?
Authors: Jiebai Zhou, Zhihui Min, Yuanlin Song, Chunxue Bai, Xiangdong Wang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Increasing evidences indicate that regulatory T cells (Treg) and regulatory B cells (Breg) have the potent ability to suppress host immune responses and maintain peripheral tolerance, thus inhibiting antitumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment. Intratumoral and circulating Treg and Breg may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of lung cancer.  We cocultured peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC), which were from healthy donor, with A549 cell, a human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line. Frequencies of Tregs and Bregs were measured by flow cytometry with antibodies against CD4, CD25, CD127, CD19, CD24, CD27 and IL-10 before, and after coculturing. We also used different doses of LPS as A549 stimulus to see whether the inflammatory tumor microenvironment would alter levels of Tregs and Bregs.  After cocultured with A549, levels of CD19+CD24hiCD27+ Bregs in PBMC were significantly augmented while level of CD4+CD25+CD127- Tregs was obviously decreased. After cocultured with LPS-pre-stimulated A549, both the levels of Tregs and Bregs in PBMC were augmented, which amplified the immunosuppressive capacity. In addition, the FCM detection displayed an increase of IL-10, a mainly functional cytokine of Breg-mediated suppression. The mRNA expression of IFN-γ and TGF-β were significantly increased in the PBMC cocultured with A549 or the LPS-pre-stimulated A549. In addition, the mRNA expression of RANTES and MIP-α in the A549 also increased. Levels of Tregs and Bregs decreased when TLR4 on A549 and NF-κB pathway were blocked.  Level of Bregs increased in lung cancer microenvironment. Inflammatory tumor microenvironment regulates levels of Tregs and Bregs in lung cancer.
Abstract 9402: Myocardial Infarction-Induced Acute Inflammation Impairs Therapeutic Efficacy of Bone Marrow Cells
Authors: Xiaoyin Wang, Viola C Lam, Daniel J Haddad, Brian T Clifford, Kranthi Pinnamaneni, Maya J Bartel, Richard E Sievers, Yerem Yeghiazarians, Scott Kogan, Michelle Hermiston, Matthew L Springer
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Delivery of bone marrow cells (BMCs) to infarcted myocardium has been reported to be therapeutic in most animal experiments, but results in similar clinical trials of autologous BMC therapy have been less robust. We have demonstrated that donor MI impairs BMC therapeutic efficacy in mice. However, the mechanism of this impairment remains unknown. Acute MI leads to a localized host inflammatory response. We hypothesized that MI leads to an increased or activated inflammatory state in the bone marrow that impairs the therapeutic efficacy of BMCs. To investigate this, we implanted BMCs from healthy or post-MI donor mice under ultrasound guidance. Donors and recipients were subjected to MI by permanent left coronary artery ligation. MI recipients were always identical from experiment to experiment. Donor bone marrow at 3 days post-MI showed several characteristics consistent with increased inflammation, including fewer CD11c+ dendritic cells, increased MHC Class II expression on B cells, and more Ly6C high  inflammatory myeloid cells. Donor BMCs harvested at varying times post-MI were increasingly impaired over the first 3 days but were less impaired when harvested after day 5, consistent with the time course of an inflammatory response (see figure). Recipient EF is shown measured at 28 days post-recipient-MI in groups injected with BMCs harvested at various times after donor MI. Serum from donors at 1 and 3 days post-MI but not 7 days showed an increase in several cytokines and related proteins including G-CSF, IL-1β, IL-1Ra, IL-6, MCP-1, TIMP-1 and TREM-1. Notably, anti-inflammatory treatment of donor mice post-MI with dexamethasone prevented the BMC impairment. BMCs harvested from sham-operated mice in which skin and bone were still wounded with no artery ligation were not substantially impaired. Our findings suggest that MI-induced acute inflammation impairs BMC therapeutic efficacy.
Statutory regulation is essential
Authors: K D Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—I am distressed by the lack of insight implicit in Julie Stone's editorial when she says that “statutory regulation is unnecessary for therapies other than those capable of causing direct physical harm.”1 Physical harm is usually easily recognisable and corrected. Psychological harm can blight the remainder of a patient's life and be extraordinarily difficult to rectify. For example, a patient of mine …
Abstract 14031: Scavengers of Hyper-Reactive Oxidized Lipid Aldehydes Prevent Abnormal Calcium Handling of Ventricular Myocytes After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hyun Seok Hwang, Elena Matafonova, Venkataraman Amarnath, Sean S Davies, Bjorn C Knollmann
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Oxidative damage is an important component of ischemic heart injury. The molecular mechanisms that contribute to dysfunctional myocyte Ca handling after myocardial infarction (MI) are incompletely ...
PDGF and Src tyrosine kinases in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells: Effects of dasatinib and nilotinib on pulmonary vascular remodeling
Authors: Soni Savai Pullamsetti, Ewa Burghaüsen, Swati Dabral, Elsa Butrous, Alexandra Tretyn, Rajkumar Savai, Hossein Ardeschir Ghofrani, Norbert Weissmann, Friedrich Grimminger, Werner Seeger, Stephan Rosenkranz, Ralph Theo Schermuly
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive pulmonary vascular disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Compelling evidence suggests that receptor tyrosine kinases, such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are closely involved in the pathogenesis of PAH. We intend to study effects of 2 novel PDGF inhibitors, Nilotinib/AMN107 (abl kinases/PDGFR inhibitor) and Dasatinib/BMS-354825 (abl kinases/PDGFR/Src inhibitor) on pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) proliferation and migration in vitro and on reverse-remodeling potential in vivo in experimental PAH and to evaluate expression and regulation of Src family kinases in PAH.   Methods and results:  Human PASMCs were stimulated by PDGF- or growth factor (FCS, EGF, FGF, Insulin) cocktail- to induce proliferation and migration in vitro. Dasatinib (30nM), Nilotinib (300nM) and Imatinib (1μM) potently inhibited PDGF-induced Stat3, Akt and Erk1 phosphorylation. All 3 inhibitors decreased PDGF-induced proliferation, cell cycle gene regulation and migration. In contrast, only Dasatinib inhibited growth factor cocktail-induced Src phosphorylation and proliferation. However, combination of Src inhibitors (PP1, PP2) to Imatinib or Nilotinib reduced growth factor cocktail-induced proliferation to similar extent of inhibition observed by Dasatinib. Importantly, Src phosphorylation is increased in PAH-PASMCs as compared to control-PASMCs. In vivo, Dasatinib (15mg/kg/bw) treatment caused a complete reversal of pulmonary vascular remodeling and achieved efficacy similar to Imatinib (100mg/kg/bw) in monocrotaline-induced PAH rats.   Conclusions:  We suggest that dual inhibition of PDGFR and Src kinases potently inhibits mitogenic and motogenic responses to growth factors in PASMCs and pulmonary vascular remodeling in vivo thus can be an attractive therapeutic option for PAH.
The phylogeny and ontogeny of adaptations
Authors: Thomas E. Dickins
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Locke &amp; Bogin (L&amp;B) rightly point to the absence of ontogeny in theories of language evolution. However, they overly rely upon ontogenetic data to isolate components of the language faculty. Only an adaptationist analysis, of the sort seen in evolutionary psychology, can carve language at its joints and lead to testable predictions about how language works.
Relationship between heart rate and mortality and morbidity in the irbesartan patients with heart failure and preserved systolic function trial (I‐Preserve)
Authors: Michael Böhm, Ana‐Cristina Perez, Pardeep S. Jhund, Jan C. Reil, Michel Komajda, Michael R. Zile, Robert S McKelvie, Inder S Anand, Barry M. Massie, Peter E. Carson, John J. V. McMurray
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Pharmacogenetic factors predicting the need for a higher dose of imatinib.
Authors: H. Klumpen, K. Eechoute, M. S. Hertzberg, A. A. Schwarer, D. Goldstein, T. P. Hughes, C. Liddle, R. Mathijssen, J. H. Schellens, H. Gurney
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

3098 Background: In patients treated with imatinib (Gleevec) a 4-fold interpatient variability in drug exposure exists, possibly as a result of pharmacogenetic (PG) variability which implicates that some patients may be underdosed if a fixed dose is used. In this study we searched for genetic markers to predict the disposition of imatinib, phenotypically expressed by the ‘toxicity-adjusted-dose’ at 3 and 12 months of treatment in chronic myeloid leukemia and gastrointestinal stromal tumor patients. Methods: A multicenter PG association study was performed in mainly Caucasian cancer patients treated with single agent imatinib. A total of 384 single nucleotide polymorphisms in 129 genes, known to be involved in drug absorption, metabolism and elimination, were associated with 3 dose-level/toxicity categories. An X2-test was used to test the differences. The patients were grouped into three, per study protocol predefined, dose categories (low, medium, and high) depending on their starting dose, toxicity and dose adjustments at 3 and 12 months after start of treatment. Results: A total of 158 evaluable patients (M:F = 10:6) with a generally good performance score were analyzed. At 3 and 12 months, 15% and 27% of patients fitted the high-dose category defined as 700 or 800mg daily regardless of toxicity, or 600mg without toxicity. The need for a higher dose was significantly associated with polymorphisms of important influx transporters (Solute carrier [SLC]) and metabolism genes. A copy of the C-allele or the T-allele in the SLC1A2 14233937 T/C or the SLC1A2 14236436 A/T polymorphism (p =0.01) and a copy of the T-allele in the CYP3A5 24506586 C/T genotype (p=0.02) were associated with higher dose at 3 months. In case of an A-allele in the SLC10A1 225 G/A (p=0.001), a T-allele in the SLC22A2 808 G/T (p=0.02), and a T-allele in the CYP3A5 245396 C/T variation (p=0.001), patients were higher dosed at 12 months. A full statistical analysis is being undertaken. Conclusions: Although not validated in a control group yet, for the first time an association of PG variability in solute carriers with phenotypic markers of drug disposition was found. Pharmacogenetic analysis may be useful in selecting patients who need a higher than standard dose of imatinib. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Position Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis Amgen, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Roche
Evaluation of urinary cotinine levels in children with chronic cough
Authors: Yesim Ozdemir, Ilknur Bostanci, Çigdem Özdilekcan, Serap Ozmen, Handan Duman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim:  Our study is planned to reveal the objective relation between urine cotinine level and passive smoking and /or third hand tobacco smoke exposure in children suffering from chronic cough.   Material and Methods:  Between ages 5-18, 58 patients with chronic cough and 54 healthy individuals; children are included in the study. Cases are divided into two groups according to their passive smoke exposure (exposed or unexposed group).   Results: There  was a statistically significant difference between urine cotinine levels of cases those who exposed and unexposed (based on the declaration of parents) to tobacco smoke (p   Conclusion:  There are few studies indicating the relation between chronic cough and environmental tobacco smoke exposure and there are no objective studies in the previous literature showing the relation between chronic cough in the childhood and passive smoking. This is the first study objectively evaluating chronic cough effect of passive smoking with urine cotinine level. Since there is a meaningful decrease in FEV1/FVC ratio, close follow up is needed especially in children diagnosed as chronic cough who are exposed to tobacco smoke.
The use of a hand-held mirror to reduce litigation and improve communication in dermatological surgery
Authors: H. Al-Rawi, S. Varma
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article The use of a hand‐held mirror to reduce litigation and improve communication in dermatological surgery Get access H. Al‐Rawi, H. Al‐Rawi Department of Dermatology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: hrawi@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Varma S. Varma Department of Dermatology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, U.K. E‐mail: hrawi@hotmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 167, Issue 2, 1 August 2012, Pages 446–447, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10866.x Published: 01 August 2012
Abstract 3591: Pentraxin 3, a New Inflammatory Maker for Endothelial Cells, Predicts Cardiac Events in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Satoshi Suzuki, Yasuchika Takeishi, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background: Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) is a member of the pentraxin superfamily. The classical short pentraxin C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced in the liver in response to inflammatory signals. PTX3 is...
Interactive case report: A 42 year old man with acute chest pain: case progression
Authors: G Sodeck
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Last week we presented the case of Peter Hartl, a heavy smoker with a history of hypertension, who went to his local emergency department complaining of severe chest pain. His electrocardiograph suggested myocardial ischaemia. We invited responses on bmj.com about the differential diagnosis, further investigations, and how to respond to his wife's concern. To look at the rapid responses and discussion of the case so far go to bmj.com ( BMJ 2003;326:920)
The WPA Regional and Intersectional Congress "Advances in Psychiatry".
Authors: Ahmed Okasha
Journal: World Psychiatry (2006)

This congress, held in Athens (March 12-15, 2005), was unprecedented for a variety of reasons. First, it was the first intersectional congress in the history of the WPA: practically all Sections participated with update talks, symposia, courses and intersectional presentations. Second, it was the first electronic congress of the WPA, with virtual proceedings, i.e. power-point presentations (author-authorized) in the WPA website. Third, although the congress was regional, yet it had a worldwide range: representatives of as many as 73 countries participated.

The  program included presentations that represented advances in our discipline. There were, among others, invited update talks by the (now 64) WPA Section chairs and invited talks by eminent psychiatrists.

The congress hosted two important groups. The first was that of the leaders from the areas hit by the South East Asia Tsunami, convened to make important decisions concerning the management of the psychosocial effects of this disaster. The second was the group of the leaders of the psychiatric associations of Eastern Europe and the Balkans, who met to approve the constitution of the new Psychiatric Association of Eastern Europe and the Balkans.

Many innovations characterized the congress. A forum on advances in psychiatry, an intersectional forum on disasters, an intersectional forum on psychiatric prevention, a forum on mental health promotion (with the participation of educators, priests, judges, journalists, police officers, general practitioners and other community allies), the young psychiatrists' forum, and a spectacular opening in the presence of the Greek Minister of Education and the Archbishop of Greece, with well-received talks by the WPA President and President-Elect and a performance by the Mikis Theodorakis orchestra. Additionally, a minimarathon race was organized, as well as a cruise to the historical islands of Hydra and Egina. Also, about 110 persons, mainly representatives of WPA Sections, were covered financially, wholly or partly. In spite of this, the congress provided some income to the WPA, a rare occurrence for a regional congress.

We feel sure that the congress greatly contributed to the dissemination of updated  information in our discipline. More than that, however, it enhanced the morale and the visibility of our Sections, the scientific backbone of our Association.

We shoud congratulate George Christodoulou for his effort to make this event unique and successful. We feel confident that, following the great success of this congress, further intersectional congresses will follow in the not too distant future with the same success.
Topical: Randomized Phase III Trial of Erlotinib Compared with Placebo in Patients with Advanced Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Unsuitable for First-Line Chemotherapy: Updated Analysis
Authors: S. Lee, S. Upadhyay, C. Lewanski, S. Falk, G. Skailes, E. Marshall, Y. Ngai, R. Rudd, A. Hackshaw, C. Boshoff
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2012)