tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Human and mouse ABCA1 comparative sequencing and transgenesis studies identify regulatory elements
Authors: Yang Qiu, L. Cavelier, Sally Chiu, Edward Rubin, Jan-Fang Cheng
Journal: Circulation (2000)

The expression of ABCA1, a major participant in apolipoprotein mediated cholesterol efflux is highly regulated by a variety of factors including intracellular cholesterol concentration. To analyze its genomic organization and identify those sequences involved in its regulation we sequenced and compared approximately 200 Kb of orthologous DNA from mice and humans containing the ABCA1 gene and significant flanking DNA. The comparison revealed a variety of mouse human conserved sequences including 50 conserved ABCA1 exons over 147Kb of human and 124Kb of mouse genomic DNA as well as multiple mouse human conserved noncoding sequences. Using as a criteria for identifying putative regulatory elements in non-coding sequence, human and mouse sequences that were &62;75% identical for over 120 bp were screened for resulting in the identification of 34 elements. The two most highly conserved human mouse noncoding elements (CNS1: 88% identity over 498 bp, CNS2: 81% identity over 214 bp)! were also highly conserved in the ABCA1 genes of rats, dogs, cows, rabbits and pigs. Two independent studies have demonstrated that the DNA segments containing CNS2 function in vitro as a sterol response promoter. Support for the inclusion of major ABCA1 regulatory elements in the human genomic sequence examined was the demonstrationmore » that mice containing a human BAC transgene containing sequences exclusively from the analyzed interval, expressed human ABCA1 in a tissue distribution mimicking expression of endogenous mouse ABC1. These studies using a comparative genomic approach has characterized the structure of the human and mouse ABCA1 genes and has helped identify sequences participating in its expression.« less
Silent Lacunar Lesions Detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Children With Brain Tumors: A Late Sequela of Therapy
Authors: Maryam Fouladi, James Langston, Raymond Mulhern, Dana Jones, Xiaoping Xiong, Jianping Yang, Stephen Thompson, Andrew Walter, Richard Heideman, Larry Kun, Amar Gajjar
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

BACKGROUND: Cerebral lacunes, which generally appear on magnetic resonance imaging as foci of white matter loss, usually occur in adults after ischemic infarcts. We report the development of lacunes in children after therapy for brain tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We reviewed the clinical characteristics and radiologic studies of 524 consecutive children with brain tumors treated over a 10-year period. We documented the neuropsychologic findings associated with lacunes and the factors predictive of lacunar development. RESULTS: Lacunes developed in none of the 103 patients observed or treated with surgery alone. Twenty-five of the 421 patients treated with chemotherapy or radiation therapy or both had lacunes. Patients were a median of 4.5 years old at the time of both diagnosis (range, 0.3 to 19.8 years) and radiotherapy (range, 1.5 to 20 years). Fourteen patients were treated with craniospinal irradiation, and 11 were treated with local radiotherapy. The median time from radiotherapy to the appearance of lacunes was 2.01 years (range, 0.26 to 5.7 years). For all patients, lacunes were an incidental finding with no corresponding clinical deficits. The factor most predictive of lacunar development was age less than 5 years at the time of radiotherapy (P = .010). There was no significant difference in estimated decline in intelligence quotient scores between patients with lacunes and age and diagnosis-matched controls. CONCLUSION: Lacunes may be caused by therapy-induced vasculopathy in children with brain tumors, with the most significant predictor being age less than 5 years at the time of radiotherapy.
Primary inguinal hernia repair: how audit changed a surgeon's practice
Authors: P J Drew, J E Hartley, A Qureshi, P W R Lee
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1998)

Over 10 years one senior consultant surgeon performed 114 standard plication darn herniorraphies on 92 patients with primary inguinal hernias. These patients were contacted and were reviewed if there was any suspicion of recurrence. Four recurrences were detected, giving an overall recurrence rate of about 3.5%. According to actuarial life-table analysis the risks of recurrence at 1 year, 5 years and 10 years were 0.94%, 3.02% and 9%. This level of recurrence is unacceptable in modern practice and, as a result of the audit, the surgeon changed his technique of primary inguinal hernia repair.
Workers' respiratory health status in a medium-sized building yard
Authors: Micaela Margineanu, Felicia Gradinariu, Carmen Croitoru, Eugenia Danulescu, Madalina Ipate
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim.Construction industry is known as an industrial branch where cold and heat stress, various air dusts (with possible irritants and/or allergic respiratory effects) represents a real occupational hazard. The authors aimed to study the respiratory disorders with their different clinical aspects that can appear among builders.  Material/Methods.A cross-sectional study was performed in a medium-sized construction enterprise. The exposed lot: 80 subjects (mean age 39.5±6.7 years, mean length of service 20.1±6.25 years) was compared with a matched-control group, both being never smokers. They were investigated by a complex protocol including clinical, biochemical, immunological and pulmonary functional tests.  Results. Only 12% of exposed were healthy. Builders had more complaints concerning nose, throat, and lower airways disorders including chronic bronchitis (OR 12.4, 95% CI 2.95–110.5) compared to control group. Cough with phlegm was increasingly encountered in persons working for more than 10 years (r=0.22, p  Conclusions. The results of our study support the initial assumption that exposure to air dusts can induce a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms. The builders had a significant decrement in small airway function and an increase in airway oxidative stress which correlated with length of service. We conclude that technical and organizational measures are necessary to reduce occupational exposure of construction workers to respiratory dust.
Feasibility of Quantitative Pain Assessment in Outpatient Oncology Practice
Authors: Deborah J. Rhodes, Rachel C. Koshy, William C. Waterfield, Albert W. Wu, Stuart A. Grossman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: Although physicians view failure to assess pain systematically as the most important barrier to outpatient cancer pain management, little is known about pain assessment in this setting. We sought to determine whether pain is routinely assessed and whether routine quantitative pain assessment is feasible in a busy outpatient oncology practice. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a pre- and postintervention chart review of 520 randomly selected medical and radiation oncology patient visits at a community hospital-based private outpatient practice. The intervention consisted of training health assistants (HAs) to measure and document patient pain scores by using a visual analog scale. The main outcome measures included HA documentation of patient pain scores, quantitative and qualitative mention of pain in the physician note, and analgesic treatment before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After the intervention, HA documentation of pain scores increased from 1% to 75.6% (P &lt; .0001). Physician documentation increased from 0% to 4.8% for quantitative documentation (P &lt; .01), and from 60.0% to 68.3% for qualitative documentation (not significant). Of all the patients, 23.1% reported significant pain. Subgroups with greater pain included patients actively receiving radiation treatments and patients with lung cancer. Of patients with signifi-cant pain, 28.2% had no mention of pain in the physician note and 47.9% had no documented analgesic treatment. CONCLUSION: Quantitative pain assessment was virtually absent before our intervention but easily implemented and sustained in a busy outpatient oncology practice. Pain score collection identified a high prevalence of pain, patient subgroups at risk for pain, and a significant proportion of patients with pain that was neither evaluated nor treated by their oncologists.
The significance of environmental exposure on the progression of allergic diseases
Authors: U. Wahn
Journal: Allergy (2011)

In addition to strong genetic influences on atopic sensitization and disease development in infancy and childhood, a number of environmental factors modulate clinical and immunological phenotypes early in life and even prenatally. These factors include gastrointestinal or skin exposure to food allergens; respiratory exposure to indoor and outdoor allergens; presence of environmental pollutants such as tobacco smoke; and exposure to microbial compounds.
Circulating Plasma Cells By Routine Complete Blood Count Identify Patients With Similar Outcome As Plasma Cell Leukemia
Authors: Rupin A Shah, Satyajit Mohite, Veerabhadran Baladandayuthapani, Sheeba K. Thomas, Donna M. Weber, Michael Wang, Raymond Alexanian, Muzaffar H Qazilbash, Uday R Popat, Richard E Champlin, Nina Shah, Qaiser Bashir, Simrit Parmar, Yago Nieto, Sairah Ahmed, Robert Z. Orlowski, Jatin J. Shah
Journal: Blood (2013)
Psychoanalysis and Behavior Therapy
Authors: LEE BIRK, $$Word$$ W. BRINKLEY-BIRK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

Psychoanalysis and behavior therapy developed within separate, contrasting, and seeminingly incompatible scientific/epistemological traditions. Psychoanalysis was founded by clinicians who were trying to "make sense of" introspective self-report data, while while behavior therapy was founded by experimentalists who were empolyzing the data of direct observation, explicitly excluding consideration of private (subjective) events. Over the past decade, a growing acknowledgment of the clinical utility and scope of behavioral methods has reduced chauvinistic sparring and has led to greater mutual respect, as well as to some pioneering collaborative work. Although the theoretical determinants of psychoanalysis and behavior therapy are both historically and philosophically context-dependent and represent no absolute deterrent to genuine theoretical synthesis, until now there has been no real consensus about the need for or form of a conceptual integration. The authors here propose that this is not only possible but necessary in order to preserve all the data of the clinical therapeutic process.
Kidney stones may be linked with sleep posture
Authors: Debbie Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Kidney stones may develop because people spend too long sleeping in one position. Researchers at the University of California at San Francisco studied 110 patients with recurrent nephrolithiasis (Journal of Urology 2001;165:1085-7) to see whether any relation existed between sleep posture and formation of renal stones. They used a questionnaire to evaluate patients' sleep posture and correlated the side of stone formation with individuals' preference.

In the 93 patients who consistently slept to one side, the side in which renal stones were found was identical to the dependent sleep side in 76%. The positive predictive values of sleep posture and ipsilateral stone formation was 82% for  side  and right sided stones and 70% for left side down and left sided stones.

Renal stones are relatively common, affecting up to 15% of people in the United States. Men tend to get kidney stones more than women, and the peak incidence is in the 40-50 age group. The condition can be asymptomatic or extremely painful, resulting in renal colic. While most renal stones pass without incident, some may get stuck in the ureters and urinary tract to cause obstruction, hydronephrosis, and renal failure. Known predisposers to stone formation are metabolic abnormalities such as increased calcium states such as hyperparathyrodism, vitamin D toxicosis, and sarcoidosis. Dehydration, hypercalicuria, cystinuria, hyperuricemia, and infection with various bacteria, such as Proteus , can also lead to stone formation, the latter via inducing changes in pH which allow crystals to form.

The study suggests that sleeping posture has a role in recurrent kidney stone formation because blood flow may be sluggish to the dependent position, allowing crystals to precipitate.Simple behavioural adjustments, such as frequent changes in position while sleeping, may reduce recurrent ipsilateral nephrolithiasis.
Cancer and Leukemia Group B 398 1 Çalışmasında Farklı Prognostik Gruplardaki Hastaların Tedavi Sonuçları- Rezektabl Olmayan Evre III Küçük Hücreli Dışı Akciğer Kanserinde Tek Başına Kemoradyoterapi İle İndüksiyon Kemoterapisi Sonrasında Kemoradyoterapinin Karşılaştırılması
Authors: Thomas E. Stinchcombe, Lydia Hodgson, James E. Herndon, Michael J. Kelley, M. Giulia Cicchetti, Nithya Ramnath, Harvey B. Niell, James N. Atkins, Wallace Akerley, Mark R. Green, Everett E. Vokes, for Cancer
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Abstract 12421: Mortality After Appropriate ICD Therapies: Implementation of the MADIT II Risk Score in Clinical Practice
Authors: Mihaly K de Bie, Johannes B van Rees, Joep Tijssen, C. Jan Willem Borleffs, J. Wouter Jukema, Enno van der Velde, Martin J Schalij, Lieselot van Erven
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: The benefit of ICD therapy is not uniform in patients with low ejection fraction. The MADIT II investigators identified various clinical factors that influenced survival benefit in th...
Smoking cessation ward rounds – The impact on smoking patterns
Authors: Jessica Maycock, Victoria Foy, Patrick Mulholland, Dilip Nazareth, Simon Twite, Paul Stockton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Smoking cessation is a NHS (UK) priority and all health care professionals are encouraged to refer smokers to a “stop smoking” service. Many UK public health campaigns have targeted smokers. Our busy District General Teaching Hospital introduced a daily “targeted” smoking cessation ward round in 2008. This study evaluates the impact of this, on smoking patterns.   Results:  136 patients were surveyed in 2008 and 187 in 2010. 58% of both groups had a history of smoking, 69% were current smokers in 2010 and 35% in 2008. Of the smokers, 73% in 2008 had tried to quit compared to 68% in 2010. The percentage of smokers offered educational material while in hospital increased from 29% in 2008 to 38% in 2010  The table below summarises reasons for patients deciding to quit smoking:   Conclusions:  There has been a marked increase in the number of patients deciding to quit smoking following education and advice from medical professional9s. The number of smokers who decide to quit due to personal illness has also increased. A new daily smoking cessation ward round and additional support from healthcare professionals is considered to have significantly increased the uptake of smoking cessation advice in this group of patients.
THE TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC HEMOCHROMATOSIS BY REPEATED PHLEBOTOMY
Authors: T A WARTHIN, E W PETERSON, J H BARR
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1953)

Case Reports1 May 1953THE TREATMENT OF IDIOPATHIC HEMOCHROMATOSIS BY REPEATED PHLEBOTOMYTHOMAS A. WARTHIN, M.D., F.A.C.P., EDWIN W. PETERSON, M.D., JAMES H. BARR JR., M.D.THOMAS A. WARTHIN, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, EDWIN W. PETERSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JAMES H. BARR JR., M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-38-5-1066 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIdiopathic hemochromatosis is a metabolic disorder of iron metabolism, frequently familial, and probably the result of a faulty control of the ferritin absorptive mechanism in the small intestine. This excessive absorption, combined with the body's inability to excrete significant amounts of iron, results in the deposition of excessive amounts of hemosiderin in the body. Usually 25 gm. of iron, accumulating over a period of years, are necessary to produce the tissue damage which results in the clinical picture of bronzed diabetes. The disease is characteristically seen in middle aged males who present a disorder of cirrhosis, diabetes and hypogonadism, associated...Bibliography1. MarbleBailey ACC: Hemochromatosis, Am. J. Med. 11: 590, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. FinchHegstedKinneyThomasRathHaskinsFinchFluharty CAMTDEDCEDSRG: Iron metabolism, Blood 5: 983, 1950. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DavisArrowsmith WDWR: The effect of repeated phlebotomies in hemochromatosis, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 39: 526, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. GitlowByers SEMR: Metabolism of iron, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 39: 337, 1952. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication June 28, 1952.From the Veterans Administration Hospital, West Roxbury, Massachusetts. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byIron OverloadSyndromes of Iron OverloadTREATMENT OF HÆMOCHROMATOSIS AND PORTAL HYPERTENSION BY LIENORENAL ANASTOMOSIS AND VENESECTIONHemochromatosisAblagerungskrankheiten körpereigener StoffwechselprodukteManagement of Familial HemochromatosisHEPATOMA DEVELOPING IN TREATED HÆMOCHRO–MATOSIS: REPORT OF A CASEHEMOCHROMATOSIS AND HEART FAILURE: PRESENTATION OF A CASE WITH SURVIVAL AFTER THREE YEARS' TREATMENT BY REPEATED VENESECTION*SAUL J. GROSBERG, M.D.The Management of HemochromatosisHerz und Kreislauf bei Erkrankungen des Blutes und der blutbildenden OrganeCirrhosis of the liverSOME ASPECTS OF IRON METABOLISMMILTON S. SACKS, M.D. 1 May 1953Volume 38, Issue 5Page: 1066-1069KeywordsCirrhosisFerritinHemochromatosisHypogonadismMetabolic disordersPhlebotomySmall intestine Issue Published: 1 May 1953 PDF downloadLoading ...
Heroin deaths increase by two thirds in two years, UK figures show
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Deaths involving heroin and morphine in England and Wales have increased by 64%, from 579 deaths in 2012 to 952 in 2014, figures from the Office for National Statistics have shown.1

The rise is thought to be due to several factors including the increased availability of heroin, together with its lower price and higher purity. An increase was also seen in deaths where heroin is taken alongside other substances, up from 30% in 1993 to 48% in 2014. The substances most commonly mentioned …
Evaluation of lung function on asthma patients cared by primary care physicians
Authors: Carlos Almonacid Sanchez, Jose Luis Izquierdo Alonso, Pilar De Lucas Ramos, Jose Miguel Rodriguez Gonzalez-Moro, Jose Gallardo Carrasco, A. Martin Centeno
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To know the characteristics of patients diagnosed as asthma in primary care.   Methodology:  Multicenter epidemiological, transversal and observational study performed in patients diagnosed as asthma in primary care and treated with an inhaled drug (bronchodilator and/or inhaled corticosteroid). All patients signed informed consent.   Results:  We included 4,188 patients diagnosed with asthma, of which 2450 (60.2%) were women. The mean age was 50.5 years (SD 17). 1486 patients (36.6%) had a normal body mass index according to WHO classification. 921 (22.1%) were former smokers and 818 (19.6%) were current smokers. 1663 (41.4%) were sensitized to at least one allergen. 2582 (63%) of patients had rhinitis and 1,214 (30.3%) had a previous history of atopy. 1,960 (49.3%) had a family history of asthma. Only 1369 (34.9%) did not complain of dyspnea (MRC = 0). 2550 (60.9%) were treated with a combination of an inhaled corticosteroid and a long acting beta-2 agonist. Only 855 (20.6%) of patients who were diagnosed with asthma had a spirometry at any time prior to inclusion in the study and only 252 (6%) had a bronchodilator test. By using the SF-12 questionnaire, the health status of 1556 (37.3%) was defined as fair or poor.   Conclusions:  It is important to continue working to get a proper diagnosis and better control of asthma patients in primary care. To improve the diagnosis and disease monitoring we must encourage about the use of spirometry in primary care.
Large-cell and immunoblastic lymphoma of the mediastinum: prognostic features and treatment outcome in 57 patients.
Authors: D Kirn, P Mauch, K Shaffer, G Pinkus, M A Shipp, W D Kaplan, N Tung, C Wheeler, C J Beard, G P Canellos
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

A retrospective study was performed to define clinical characteristics and therapeutic outcome for patients with large-cell and immunoblastic lymphoma of the mediastinum.Fifty-seven patients who presented with primary, mediastinal large-cell and immunoblastic lymphoma were retrospectively studied to determine initial sites of disease, radiologic characteristics, treatment, outcome, and factors that have prognostic significance for progression-free and overall survival.Fifty-six of the 57 patients had disease that was confined to sites above the diaphragm. Bulky disease and extensive intrathoracic infiltration were common in these patients. All patients were treated with intensive chemotherapy regimens, and 44% of patients received chest irradiation. The overall 5-year survival by Kaplan-Meier estimation was 50% with a freedom-from-relapse rate of 45%. Predictors of disease relapse after chemotherapy included the presence of a pleural effusion (P = .015), a number of involved extranodal sites (P < .01), and a lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) ratio > 3.0 (LDH value/upper limit of assay; P = .04) as well as an incomplete treatment response as evidenced by residual mass on chest radiograph (P = .02) or persistent gallium 67 avidity (P = .01) after chemotherapy. Predictors of decreased survival included the presence of pleural effusion (P = .001), the number of involved extranodal sites (P = .022), and a positive posttreatment 67Ga scan (P = .027).Patients with primary mediastinal large-cell and immunoblastic lymphoma have an approximate 50% chance of surviving disease-free after initial therapy. The presence of pleural effusion at presentation was associated with an extremely poor outcome. Bulk disease per se was a negative predictive factor only in patients without pleural effusions when compared with patients who did not have bulk disease. In addition, all patients with involvement of two or more extranodal sites relapsed when treated with standard chemotherapy.