tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Payment of Physicians under Medicare
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Constrained by a budget deficit and by continuing concern over the rising cost of medical care, the federal government has adopted new Medicare policies that target physician-delivered services as a more substantial source of savings than previously. Although the new provisions, incorporated in the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987, demonstrate that Medicare policy remains chaotic and budget-driven, they also point to some of the major directions Congress favors as it moves to consider broader reform in the payment of physicians. These directions include construction of a Medicare fee schedule that assumes that fee-for-service will remain the predominant mode of . . .
Growth of Thermoactinomyces
Authors: Benjamin Becker
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In response to inquiries concerning the finding of<i>Thermoactinomyces</i>in environmental samples (236:344, 1976), I wish to answer two questions that were frequently asked. To grow these bacteria, use tryptic soy agar or Columbia colistin nalidixic acid agar medium. After spreading the sample on the surface of the agar, slip the Petri dish into a plastic bag with a tightly closed top to prevent drying of the agar. Incubate at least one day at 55°C. Colonies of Thermoactinomyces are chalky white and are easily recognized. A Gram stain will show refractile, round endospores when viewed microscopically at a magnification of 1,000. For a recent clinical report on hypersensitivity pneumonitis caused by Thermoactinomyces, I recommend the report by Fink and colleagues in the Annals of Internal Medicine (84:406-413, 1976).
TCT-738 Comparison of vascular and access site complications after transfemoral aortic valve implantation between the CoreValve-Revalving-system and the Edwards Sapien XT valve using serial ultra-sound studies
Authors: Suzanne Fateh-Moghadam, Rezo Jorbenadze, Antonios Kilias, Michael Droppa, Matthias Kuehl, Patrik Htun, Meinrad Gawaz, Wolfgang Bocksch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The αvβ6 integrin modulates airway hyperresponsiveness in mice by regulating intraepithelial mast cells
Authors: Kotaro Sugimoto, Makoto Kudo, Aparna Sundaram, Xin Ren, Katherine Huang, Xin Bernstein, Yanli Wang, Wilfred W. Raymond, David J. Erle, Magnus Åbrink, George H. Caughey, Xiaozhu Huang, Dean Sheppard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Allergic asthma is the most common form of asthma, affecting more than 10 million Americans. Although it is clear that mast cells have a key role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma, the mechanisms by which they regulate airway narrowing in vivo remain to be elucidated. Here we report that mice lacking αvβ6 integrin are protected from exaggerated airway narrowing in a model of allergic asthma. Expression microarrays of the airway epithelium revealed mast cell proteases among the most prominent differentially expressed genes, with expression of mouse mast cell protease 1 (mMCP-1) induced by allergen challenge in WT mice and expression of mMCP-4, -5, and -6 increased at baseline in β6-deficient mice. These findings were most likely explained by loss of TGF-β activation, since the epithelial integrin αvβ6 is a critical activator of latent TGF-β, and in vitro-differentiated mast cells showed TGF-β-dependent expression of mMCP-1 and suppression of mMCP-4 and -6. In vitro, mMCP-1 increased contractility of murine tracheal rings, an effect that depended on intact airway epithelium, whereas mMCP-4 inhibited IL-13-induced epithelial-independent enhancement of contractility. These results suggest that intraepithelial activation of TGF-β by the αvβ6 integrin regulates airway responsiveness by modulating mast cell protease expression and that these proteases and their proteolytic substrates could be novel targets for improved treatment of allergic asthma.
Treatment of Delusional Parasitoses-Reply
Authors: John Koo
Journal: JAMA (1997)

In Reply.  —The suggestion by Dr Clayton and others regarding the use of EPS-sparing antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of delusions of parasitosis is a good idea that needs to be evaluated clinically. If these medications do work well for delusions of parasitosis, they can certainly replace pimozide as the treatment of choice. However, these EPS-sparing antipsychotic medications may not work as well as pimozide. This possibility arises because there is something unique about pimozide compared with the other antipsychotic agents, and this uniqueness may be responsible for pimozide's particular efficacy for this condition: pimozide has great efficacy for formication (crawling, biting, and stinging sensations). 1 In Europe, it was found that there are only 2 antipsychotic medications that have profound effect on formication: one is pimozide and the other is flusipilene, a long-acting antipsychotic medication not available in the United States. 2 Both of these medications are unique in that they
Prognostic Value of Anxiety and Depression in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Wei Jiang, Maragatha Kuchibhatla, Michael S. Cuffe, Eric J. Christopher, Jude D. Alexander, Greg L. Clary, Michael A. Blazing, Laura H. Gaulden, Robert M. Califf, Ranga R. Krishnan, Christopher M. O’Connor
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Anxiety is often present with depression and may be one of its manifestations. Although the adverse effects of depression in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) have been well studied, the relation between anxiety and CHF prognosis has not been addressed. In a secondary analysis of data collected for a published study of depression and prognosis in patients with CHF, we examined the relations among anxiety, depression, and prognosis. Methods and Results— We measured symptoms of anxiety with the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) scale and symptoms of depression with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) scale in 291 patients with CHF hospitalized as a result of cardiac events. We followed up these patients for all-cause mortality over 1 year. The mean scores for state anxiety (State-A) and trait anxiety (Trait-A) were identical at 33.5; the mean BDI score was 8.7±7.6. State-A and Trait-A scores correlated highly with each other ( r =0.85; P &lt;0.01) and with BDI score (State-A, r =0.52; Trait-A, r =0.59; P &lt;0.01). Cox proportional-hazards model with and without confounding variables showed no relation between State-A or Trait-A and 1-year mortality. BDI scores, however, significantly predicted increased mortality during 1-year follow-up (hazard ratio, 1.04 for each 1-unit increase; P &lt;0.01). Conclusions— Although anxiety and depression are highly correlated in CHF patients, depression alone predicts a significantly worse prognosis for these patients.
Multimodal imaging of gliomas in the context of evolving cellular and molecular therapies
Authors: Olivier Keunen, Torfinn Taxt, Renate Grüner, Morten Lund-Johansen, Joerg-Christian Tonn, Tina Pavlin, Rolf Bjerkvig, Simone P. Niclou, Frits Thorsen
Journal: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews (2014)

The vast majority of malignant gliomas relapse after surgery and standard radio-chemotherapy. Novel molecular and cellular therapies are thus being developed, targeting specific aspects of tumor growth. While histopathology remains the gold standard for tumor classification, neuroimaging has over the years taken a central role in the diagnosis and treatment follow up of brain tumors. It is used to detect and localize lesions, define the target area for biopsies, plan surgical and radiation interventions and assess tumor progression and treatment outcome. In recent years the application of novel drugs including anti-angiogenic agents that affect the tumor vasculature, has drastically modulated the outcome of brain tumor imaging. To properly evaluate the effects of emerging experimental therapies and successfully support treatment decisions, neuroimaging will have to evolve. Multi-modal imaging systems with existing and new contrast agents, molecular tracers, technological advances and advanced data analysis can all contribute to the establishment of disease relevant biomarkers that will improve disease management and patient care. In this review, we address the challenges of glioma imaging in the context of novel molecular and cellular therapies, and take a prospective look at emerging experimental and pre-clinical imaging techniques that bear the promise of meeting these challenges.
The magic number four: Can it explain Sternberg's serial memory scan data?
Authors: Jerwen Jou
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

Cowan's concept of a pure short-term memory (STM) capacity limit is equivalent to that of memory subitizing. However, a robust phenomenon well known in the Sternberg paradigm, that is, the linear increase of RT as a function of memory set size is not consistent with this concept. Cowan's STM capacity theory will remain incomplete until it can account for this phenomenon.
Effect of topical retinoic acid on the interleukin Iα and β immunoreactive pool in normal human epidermis
Authors: D.CHATELLARD GRUAZ, L. DIDIERJEAN, D. GUMOWSKI-SUNEK, J-H. SAURAT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1990)

The topical application of 0.1% retinoic acid (RA) on human skin over a period of 4 days, whether or not under occlusion, did not increase either IL‐iα or β immunoreactivity as determined by a sensitive enzymoimmunoassay. No down modulation was seen following the application of a potent topical corticosteroid. Occlusion increased the yield of IL‐iβ immunoreactivity. Immunoblot patterns of epidermal extracts revealed both the mature form of IL‐i (17 kDa) and the precursor (36 kDa) and were identical in amounts whether the specimens were from controls or from RA‐ or corticosteroid‐trcated skin. There was a slight modification in the pattern of high molecular weight proteins (52 kDa) probed by the anti‐IL‐iα and β sera. It appears that the IL‐1 epidermal immunoreactive pools are barely amenable to modulation because they represent a storage form linked to end‐stages of keratinocyte differentiation.
As in long-term memory, LTP is consolidated by reinforcers
Authors: Klaus G. Reymann
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1997)

Recent evidence from our lab indicates that LTP shares an important property with memory consolidation: it is consolidated by natural reinforcement. Nevertheless, the hypothesis, that LTP-like mechanisms or other forms of enhanced synaptic efficacy are basic elements in learning is not unequivocally supported. Skepticism aside, LTP is an accessible experimental model that is optimally equipped for the investigation of the cellular and molecular machinery involved in synaptic weight changes.
Duff's report calls for changes in way drugs are tested
Authors: Michael Day
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Experts have called for major changes to the way new drugs are tested to avoid a repeat of the disastrous Northwick Park Hospital study that almost killed six volunteers. 

The panel, set up by health secretary Patricia Hewitt and led by Gordon Duff, professor of molecular medicine at Sheffield University, investigated the incident in which all six recipients of the immune modulating drug TGN1412 had multiorgan failure at the private research wing of the Northwick Park Hospital, north London, in March this year. 

In the light of events, the report makes 22 recommendations for pre-phase I, “first-to-human” trials using new drugs or drugs that alter the immune system. 

It …
On the Bismuth Test for Sugar in the Urine
Authors: W. G. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1881)

lithotomy, I hope they will stick to the knife, which is the best and safest instrument; and, at the same time, give the long-beaked staff a trial.I am sure that they will gain confidence in the performance of an operation, which is often attended with some difficulty, and is always undeataken with some degree of anxiety by surgeons who have a due sense of their responsibility.
Unmasking of autoreactive CD4 T cells by depletion of CD25 regulatory T cells in systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: J. B. Engler, R. Undeutsch, L. Kloke, S. Rosenberger, M. Backhaus, U. Schneider, K. Egerer, D. Dragun, J. Hofmann, D. Huscher, G.-R. Burmester, J. Y. Humrich, P. Enghard, G. Riemekasten
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Objective</h3> Autoreactive CD4 T cells specific for nuclear peptide antigens play an important role in tolerance breakdown during the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, reliable detection of these cells is limited due to their low frequency in peripheral blood. The authors assess autoreactive CD4 T cells in a representative SLE collective (n=38) by flow cytometry and study the influence of regulatory T cells (Treg) on their antigenic challenge. <h3>Methods</h3> CD4 T-cell responses were determined according to intracellular CD154 expression induced after 6-h short-term in-vitro stimulation with the SLE-associated autoantigen SmD1(83-119). To clarify the influence of Treg on the activation of autoreactive CD4 T cells, CD25 Treg were depleted by magnetic activated cell sorting before antigen-specific stimulation in selected experiments. <h3>Results</h3> In the presence of Treg, autoreactive CD4 T-cell responses to SmD1(83-119) were hardly observable. However, Treg removal significantly increased the frequency of detectable SmD1(83-119)-specific CD4 T cells in SLE patients but not in healthy individuals. Consequently, by depleting Treg the percentage of SmD1(83-119)-reactive SLE patients increased from 18.2% to 63.6%. This unmasked autoreactivity of CD4 T cells correlated with the disease activity as determined by the SLE disease activity index (p=0.005*, r=0.779). <h3>Conclusions</h3> These data highlight the pivotal role of the balance between autoreactive CD4 T cells and CD25 Treg in the dynamic course of human SLE. Analysing CD154 expression in combination with a depletion of CD25 Treg, as shown here, may be of further use in approaching autoantigen-specific CD4 T cells in SLE and other autoimmune diseases.
Abstract 3176: <i>miR-211</i> promotes the progression of head and neck carcinomas by targeting TGFβRII
Authors: Ting-Hui Chu, Kuo-Wei Chang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the prevalent neoplasms in the world. More than 50% patients die within 5 years after initial therapy due to local recurrence, invasion or metastasis. Previous studies have shown that transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor (TGFβRII) deprivation could promote HNSCC metastasis. Our histolopathological analysis revealed that TGFβRII was down-regulated in metastatic tumors relative to primary HNSCC. This study aimed to address the roles of microRNAs in regulating TGFβRII for HNSCC progression. In silico modules predicted that miR-211 and miR-370 might target TGFβRII. TGFβRII was further confirmed to be a target of miR-211 in HNSCC cells by means of reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR analysis and Western blot analysis. Interestingly, TGFβRII and miR-211 were inversely expressed during the metastasis process of HNSCC. In HNSCC cell lines, the inhibition of TGFβRII by miR-211 attenuated the Smad3 phosphorylation and increased cell migration, while ectopic Smad3 expression decreased cell migration drastically. In agreement with previous findings that the disruption of TGFβ/Smad pathway could benefit HNSCC progression, this study further specified that miR-211 played crucial regulatory roles in the suppression of TGFβ/Smad pathway for HNSCC progression by targeting TGFβRII. To elucidate the in vivo oncogenic role of miR-211 in HNSCC carcinogenesis, we established K14 promoter driven miR-211 transgenic mice with stable expression of miR-211 in the basal epithelial layers of skin and oral mucosa. By administrating of 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide in drinking water to induce tongue tumors, the transgenic mice exhibited higher potential for the induction and advances of tumors relative to controls. This study concludes that miR-211 promotes HNSCC progression by targeting TGFβRII and intercepting TGFβ/Smad signaling pathway. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3176. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3176
Reviews and Notes: Neurology: Neck Ache and Shoulder Pain
Authors: Gary V. Gordon
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Literature of Medicine1 January 1995Reviews and Notes: Neurology: Neck Ache and Shoulder PainGary V. Gordon, MDGary V. Gordon, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-1-199501010-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Neurology: Neck Ache and Shoulder PainIan Macnab and John McCulloch. 507 pages. Baltimore, Maryland: Williams & Wilkins; 1994. $69.00.Classic treatises on our current knowledge of both cervical spine and shoulder problems are well known. If these books are overwhelming and serve as references rather than readable texts, Neck Ache and Shoulder Pain is more user-friendly, albeit with a quirky approach to the same subject. Macnab and McCulloch approach this material as a summary of their personal experiences rather than as a compendium of our understanding of neck and shoulder problems. The first section seems more oriented to neurosurgeons, ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1995Volume 122, Issue 1Page: 79 Issue Published: 1 January 1995 CopyrightCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Warfarin should be available as 0.5 mg tablet
Authors: G Rouse, J Pope, R G Dalton
Journal: BMJ (1996)

These studies show the dangers of making ethical pronouncements in an empirical vacuum.There is a pressing need for more research on how proxy decision makers arrive at their recommendations for treatment.With regard to bone marrow donation, parents have several obligations.Not only do they have to keep the best interests of the two children in mind but they also have to come to a mutually acceptable solu- tion that will at least maintain their partnership.Just as there is now much emphasis on evidence based medical practice, so too ought there to be more interest in evidence based ethical practice.
Equality-in-Quality in the Era of the Affordable Care Act
Authors: Matthew M. Davis, Jennifer K. Walter
Journal: JAMA (2011)

HEALTH CARE RECEIVED BY PATIENTS IN THE UNITED States is of inadequate quality. As part of the federal response to this major shortcoming, ensuring high-quality health care is a central theme throughout the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) signed into law in 2010. The focus on improving quality in the ACA, however, effectively overshadows other major concerns about the US health care system—among them, pervasive and persistent disparities in health care related to factors such as sex, race/ ethnicity, social class, insurance status, and language that fundamentally constrain how much overall quality can improve. The comparative inattention in the ACA to known inequalities in health care is noteworthy, not only in comparison with the focus on quality, but also because the lack of emphasis on disparities in the ACA language is inconsistent with recent positions of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM). The AHRQ and IOM have indicated that reducing disparities is an unambiguous priority in working to improve quality in health care. This approach is consistent with analyses suggesting that reducing disparities based on social factors may improve health care quality more than would marginal improvements in overall medical care. Given this disconnect between provisions within the ACA and federally endorsed approaches to pursuing what amounts to “equality-in-quality,” it is worth examining the philosophical and empirical underpinnings of arguments for considering disparities while working to improve quality. Striving for equality-in-quality is not merely aspirational but should be foundational. Failing to address disparities may consign health care quality improvement efforts— originating from the ACA or otherwise—to less success than otherwise could be realized.
Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza A and B: Study showed benefits of treatment are marginal
Authors: M. Oliver
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR–The paragraph for This week in the BMJ accompanying the systematic review and meta-analysis by Cooper et al of the effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza is at odds with the paper's results.1 It states: “The treatment also lowers the risk complications that require antibiotics …
Protecting Special Interests in the Name of “Good Science”
Authors: Linda Rosenstock
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diethylstilbestrol Exposure — 1984
Authors: Arthur L. Herbst
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

IN this issue of the Journal, Greenberg et al.1 report a collaborative study, involving approximately 6000 women, in which a small but significant increase in the risk of breast cancer was observed in those exposed to diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy. The increased risk did not appear until 20 years or more after exposure and became higher in older subjects. Greenberg et al. evaluated the potential of a confounding bias on their results, and none was noted. They are appropriately cautious in the interpretation of these new findings. As noted in the article, the results differ from those of three . . .
The Effect of Diet on the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate of Normal Dogs
Authors: C. M. WILHELMJ, V. W. MEYERS, D. P. MILANI, J. R. McDONOUGH, E. M. RACHER, T. F. MCGUIRE, E. B. WALDMANN, H. H. McCARTHY
Journal: Circulation Research (1953)

Trained standardized dogs were fasted until the blood pressure declined to the stable fasting level and were realimented with isocaloric diets high in protein (horse meat) or in carbohydrate (rice or cracker meal). Realimentation was at low maintenance or luxus consumption levels of caloric intake. At the former level, there was no difference between the diets, but at the latter level, the systolic blood pressure and pulse rate were higher on the carbohydrate diet, while the diastolic pressure was normal or low. Preliminary fasting was necessary to obtain a prolonged effect of the carbohydrate diet. Meat appears to antagonize carbohydrate.
WHAT DO WESTERN BLOT INDETERMINATE PATTERNS FOR HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS MEAN IN EIA-NEGATIVE BLOOD DONORS?
Authors: Joan Genesca, BetsyW. Jett, JayS. Epstein, J. Wai-Kuo Shih, IndiraK. Hewlett, HarveyJ. Alter
Journal: The Lancet (1989)