tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NOD-like receptors mediated activation of eosinophils interacting with bronchial epithelial cells: a link between innate immunity and allergic asthma
Authors: Chun Kwok Wong, Shuiqing Hu, Karen Ming-Lam Leung, Jie Dong, Lan He, Yi Jun Chu, Ida Miu-Ting Chu, Huai-Na Qiu, Kelly Yan-Ping Liu, Christopher Wai-Kei Lam
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2013)
Telehealth for long term conditions
Authors: J. Car, K. Huckvale, H. Hermens
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Almost 50 years of innovation in telehealth have seen great progress in tackling a wide range of conditions using a variety of technologies and covering a wide range of outcomes. Although this work shows great promise, it also creates challenges for interpretation. The uncertainties in defining terms like “telehealth” reflect broader difficulties in interpreting the complex interplay of technology, service designs, clinical input, and patient involvement. New studies can challenge existing findings as much as they corroborate them. For example, two recent large scale trials of telehealth for heart failure found no benefit,1 2 whereas previous meta-analyses suggested reductions in mortality.3 4 5 To this we can now add the initial findings of one of the largest telehealth and telecare studies ever conducted: the UK Whole System Demonstrator trial
Increasing Completion of Advance Directives-Reply
Authors: Susan M. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In Reply.  —Dr Small has suggested that the conclusion that our simple educational intervention increased the completion of durable power of attorney for health care forms is erroneous. In fact, in this randomized, controlled trial, 18.5% of the subjects in the experimental group completed a durable power of attorney for health care form following the receipt of the intervention materials, compared with 0.4% in the control group ( P   Small states that the baseline completion rate
Association Between Eczema and Stature in 9 US Population-Based Studies
Authors: Jonathan I. Silverberg, Amy S. Paller
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that is associated with other chronic diseases (eg, asthma), major quality-of-life impairment, sleep disturbance, and the use of potent topical and sometimes systemic corticosteroids, all of which might affect growth in childhood and adolescence. However, previous smaller-scale studies found conflicting results. <h3>Objective</h3> To determine whether eczema is associated with short stature. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> We used data from 9 US population-based studies, including the National Survey of Children’s Health (2003-2004 and 2007-2008), National Health Interview Survey (children’s health, 2008-2012; adult health, 2010 and 2012), and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2003-2004 and 2005-2006). Participants included 264 326 children and adolescents and 83 511 adults. <h3>Exposure</h3> History of eczema. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Percentiles of height for age and sex in children and height in adults. We constructed multivariate survey linear or logistic regression models for individual studies with Box-Cox transformed or dichotomized height, respectively. Pooled analyses used generalized linear mixed models. <h3>Results</h3> Overall, eczema was not associated with significant differences of height (continuous or &lt;5th or &lt;25th percentiles) in any of the studies or in the pooled analyses. We found a significant interaction by age, such that eczema was associated with shorter stature at 12 to 13 but not 14 to 15 or 16 to 17 years of age or in adulthood. Moderate to severe eczema was associated with shorter stature (continuous and &lt;25th percentile). In particular, short stature (&lt;5th percentile) was associated with eczema only when accompanied by an indicator of insufficient sleep (ie, 0 to 3 nights of sufficient sleep per week) (1.3% of children with eczema) but was not associated with asthma, hay fever, or use of prescription medication. The interaction between eczema and insufficient sleep remained significant at 10 to 11 years of age (<i>P</i> = .003) but not at other ages (<i>P</i> &gt; .08 for all). <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Eczema is not associated with short stature overall. However, a small subset of children and adolescents with severe eczema accompanied by prominent insufficient sleep may have potentially reversible vertical growth impairment.
The Molecular Biology of Development
Authors: Howard A. Schneider
Journal: JAMA (1966)

The sumptuous feast of modern biology provides a banquet so vast that it can easily give mental indigestion to the hungry and inquiring mind. To aid digestion, to stir the flow of juices, and to promote calm reflection, a small glass of distilled liqueur is needed: spirituous, laced with the aromatics of learning, and sweetened a little with the sugar of wit. This small book by Professor Bonner is just what the doctor ordered. In 1963-1964 James Bonner, Professor of Biology at the California Institute of Technology, served as Eastman Visiting Professor at Oxford University. On that unhurried scene Bonner wrote his short book on an important theme central to all biology: how does it come about that from the fertilized ovum the fully developed organism, whether pea or tiger, rose or man, comes into being? Theory says, and it can be proved, that apart from the products of meiosis,
The angiopoietin–tie2 system in coronary artery endothelium prevents oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced apoptosis
Authors: Injune Kim, Sang Ok Moon, Chang Yeop Han, Youngmi Kim Pak, Sung Ki Moon, Jong Jun Kim, Gou Young Koh
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objectives: A healthy, intact coronary artery endothelium is important because most common coronary artery diseases result from loss of endothelial integrity. In this study, we explored the biological significance of the angiopoietin–Tie2 system in porcine coronary artery. Methods: Cultured porcine coronary artery endothelial cells and explanted coronary arteries were used. Results: Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that Ang1 is selectively expressed in vascular muscular cells, whereas angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and Tie2 are selectively expressed in endothelial cells. Accordingly, Ang1 mRNA is mainly expressed in cultured porcine coronary artery vascular smooth muscle cells, whereas Ang2 and Tie2 mRNAs are mainly expressed in cultured porcine coronary artery endothelial cells (PCAECs). Ang1 (200 ng/ml) induced Tie2 phosphorylation, while Ang2 (200 ng/ml) did not produce Tie2 phosphorylation. Ang1 increased the survival of cultured PCAECs during apoptosis induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL). This survival effect was does-dependent and PI. Furthermore, Ang1 also protected endothelial cells of explanted coronary artery against OxLDL-induced apoptosis artery. Conclusion: These results suggest that adult coronary artery contains Ang1–Tie2 components that enhance endothelial cell survival to help maintain the normal integrity of the coronary artery endothelium.
Pathogenesis of Sodium and Water Retention in High-Output and Low-Output Cardiac Failure, Nephrotic Syndrome, Cirrhosis, and Pregnancy
Authors: R W Schrier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

This article has analyzed the pathogenesis of sodium and water retention in several circumstances. The initiator of retention has been proposed to be either a fall in cardiac output (e.g., low-output cardiac failure and vasoconstrictor hypovolemic nephrotic syndrome) or peripheral arterial vasodilatation (e.g., high-output cardiac failure, cirrhosis, arteriovenous fistula, and pregnancy). In the only state discussed, in which the kidney is diseased and not merely responding to extrarenal reflexes--i.e., nephrotic syndrome--intrarenal mechanisms may predominate and lead to expansion of the arterial vascular tree and suppression of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (i.e., hypervolemic nephrotic syndrome). Otherwise, when kidneys are healthy, either a fall in cardiac output or peripheral arterial vasodilatation may diminish arterial vascular filling and thereby initiate a series of hemodynamic and hormonal events that result in renal sodium and water retention (Fig. 7). Finally, the approach presented in this article should be considered to be a vantage point from which to evaluate states of sodium and water retention, but not to be an exclusive position.
Brain infarction and the clinical expression of Alzheimer disease
Authors: S. S. Mirra
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —We were intrigued by the findings of Dr Snowdon and colleagues1in the prospective study of elderly nuns that fewer neuropathologic lesions of Alzheimer disease (AD), especially neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), apparently resulted in dementia in individuals with concomitant lacunar infarcts than in individuals with pure AD. These observations prompted us to examine the frequency of neocortical NFTs in AD cases with and without concomitant infarcts. We reviewed data on 201 autopsy cases derived from dementia subjects clinically diagnosed as having AD enrolled in the longitudinal multicenter study, CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease). The cases, contributed by 20 participating medical centers, were assessed using standard clinical and neuropathologic batteries. Neuropathologic assessment included semiquantitative ratings of senile plaques and NFTs in multiple regions of neocortex; levels of certainty of the neuropathologic diagnosis of AD were determined using an algorithm based on age-related neocortical plaque
T cell hybrids that express a VH idiotope-related determinant on a glycoprotein distinct from H-2, Thy-1, and Lyt-1 molecules.
Authors: T C Chanh, M D Cooper
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1983)

Two mouse monoclonal antibodies to chicken immunoglobulin VH-associated idiotypes (Id), CId-1 and CId-2, were used as probes for Id determinants on mouse T cells. CId-1, which recognized chicken antibodies to N-acetyl glucosamine (NAGA), and approximately 0.4% of chicken T lymphocytes also reacted with approximately 0.2% of BALB/c splenic Thy-1.2+ cells. When enriched CId-1+ splenic T cells from NAGA-immune BALB/c mice were fused with the AKR thymoma BW 5147 cell line, 2 of 72 resulting hybrids, termed CId-1A and CId-1B, were reactive by indirect immunofluorescence with the CId-1 antibody. CId-1 determinants were expressed both in the cytoplasm and on the cell surface. Immunofluorescence studies revealed that both CId-1+ T cell hybrids were phenotypically identical: CId-2-/Ig-/Lyt-1+2-/Thy-1.2+/II-2d+/I-Ad-/I-Ak-/I-Jd+/I-Jk+. Incubation of CId-1B hybrid cells with concanavalin A or lentil lectin resulted in capping of the CId-1 determinant, whereas incubation with pokeweed mitogen, lipopolysaccharide, phytohemagglutinin, and wheat germ agglutinin had no effect on the cell surface distribution of the CId-1 molecule. Trypsin or pronase treatment resulted in the loss of detectable CId-1 determinant on the cell surface. Treatment of CId-1B cells with tunicamycin also reduced the immunofluorescence intensity of the surface CId-1 determinant, but had no effect on its cytoplasmic expression. CId-1 antibody-induced capping of the CId-1 marker did not affect the surface distribution of Lyt-1, Thy-1.2, H-2d, I-Jd, or I-Jk molecules. Conversely, capping of I-Jd and I-Jk determinants did not alter the surface distribution of CId-1. These results suggest that the CId-1 determinant is on a glycoprotein that is not physically linked to the Lyt-1, Thy-1.2, H-2d, I-Jd, and I-Jk molecules. The clonal restriction of CId-1 expression by T cells suggests that the CId-1+ molecule could be a T cell antigen receptor.
Silencing AML1-ETO gene expression leads to simultaneous activation of both pro-apoptotic and proliferation signaling
Authors: P V Spirin, T D Lebedev, N N Orlova, A S Gornostaeva, M M Prokofjeva, N A Nikitenko, S E Dmitriev, A A Buzdin, N M Borisov, A M Aliper, A V Garazha, P M Rubtsov, C Stocking, V S Prassolov
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
The importance of gut microbiota in mediating the effect of NOD2 defects in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Gerhard Rogler
Journal: Gut (2010)

It is well accepted that genetic factors contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease. Susceptibility genes have been identified; however, the exact mechanisms of how those risk genes contribute to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease still remain to be elucidated. Therefore, insights such as those provided by Barreau and co-workers from the group of Jean-Pierre Hugot in this issue of Gut 1 (see page 207) are important and helpful.

The proof of the ‘genetic susceptibility concept’ for Crohn's disease was achieved in 2001 by Hugot and others by the finding that single nucleotide polypmorphisms (SNPs) in the NOD2 gene are significantly associated with the risk of developing Crohn's disease.2–4 About 20–40% of all patients in Europe and North America—depending on the genetic background—carry variants of NOD2 in contrast to 10–15% in the healthy population. Three major NOD2 genetic variants have been associated with Crohn's disease in Caucasians in several independent studies. In contrast, NOD2 variants are irrelevant in the Asian population and do not play a role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease in Japan or China.5 6

The function of Nod2 has been intensively investigated since then. Muramyl dipeptide (MurNAc-l-Ala-d-isoGln, MDP), a component of the bacterial wall derived from peptidoglycan, …
Ataxia and Slurred Speech after Artesunate Treatment for Falciparum Malaria
Authors: Loren G. Miller, Claire B. Panosian
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

To the Editor: Artemisinin compounds are used to treat Plasmodium falciparum infections in many countries worldwide.1,2 We describe a patient with acute cerebellar dysfunction that was temporally a...
Abstract 5398: Drug combination synergy quantification in animals and clinics using computerized combination index method
Authors: Ting-Chao Chou
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Drug combination has been used for thousand of years, and currently widely used in the treatments of cancer, AIDS, and other diseases. Drug combination studies have been carried out mostly in vitro but rarely in animals and clinics due to cost, efficiency, ethical considerations, etc. However, the “definition of synergy” is universal and can be quantitatively determined as indicated by Chou &amp; Talalay in (i). Adv. Enz. Regul. 22: 27-55, 1984 and by Chou in (ii). Pharmacol. Rev. 58: 621-681, 2006, (iii). Leukemia &amp; Lymphoma 49: 2059-2080, 2008, and (iv). Cancer Res. Perspective Article 2009 (in press). By definition, synergism is more than the additive effect, however, additive effect cannot be determined by the arithmetic sum of effect, nor by the fractional product method, nor by statistics, p value, but rather by the combination index (CI) where CI = 1, &amp;lt; 1, and &amp;gt; 1 indicate additive effect, synergism, and antagonism, respectively. The theory, experimental design, and computerized simulation have been discussed or illustrated in (i-iii), and in (iv) outlined the pitfalls, common errors, and frequently asked questions. The CI method of Chou-Talalay has been cited in over 400 journals and in (i) alone has been cited over 1,916 times with citations over 1,000-fold higher than the journal's impact number. The CI method, based on the median-effect principle of the mass-action law, is quantitative, efficient, simple and economical which allows using small number of data points. This paper will illustrate how synergism of two anticancer drugs can be determined in nude mice bearing mammary carcinoma MX-1, and why two similar anti-HIV clinical trials, where both used surrogate markers and fractionated doses, were published and had different results; one used 366 patients (N. Engl. J. Med. 333: 1662-1669, 1995) but was unable to determine synergism due to the experimental design, and another, which applied the CI method, used only 36 patients (Antivir. Ther. 1: 77-88, 1996), and yet was able to quantitatively determine synergism. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5398.
Resuscitation From Cardiac Arrest Using High-Dose Epinephrine-Reply
Authors: Norman Paradis
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> We appreciate the attention devoted to our report by Drs Lacy and Kostis. However, we differ with them on some of their points. A review of our cases reveals that both patients did indeed fail to respond to conventional therapy. First, we stated that the patients failed to respond to "standard therapy": this includes at least one or more standard doses of epinephrine, as well as other drugs and defibrillation. In case 1, even using the definition of "response" proposed by Drs Lacy and Kostis, the patient's junctional bradycardia present after intubation "deteriorated to fine VF, and 1 mg of epinephrine... was given. Defibrillation... was performed with no change in rhythm"; ie, the patient failed this "round" of conventional therapy. Whether the patient responded (using the definition of Drs Lacy and Kostis) to later rounds of conventional therapy cannot be determined unequivocally. We also note some inconsistency
Stem Cells to Treat Epilepsy
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hyperalphalipoproteinemia: Characterization of a cardioprotective profile associating increased high-density lipoprotein2 levels and decreased hepatic lipase activity
Authors: Didier Sich, Youssef Saïdi, Philippe Giral, Laurent Lagrost, Monique Egloff, Claude Auer, Valérie Gautier, Gérard Turpin, Isabel Beucler
Journal: Metabolism (1998)
Dilatation of the Pulmonary Arteries in Primary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: I M Lang, M P Kneussl
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

Figure 1. A 17-year-old male patient presented with severe pulmonary hypertension of uncertain cause (i.e., primary pulmonary hypertension). A chest x-ray film (Panel A) revealed massive dilatation of the central pulmonary arteries (open arrows) and right ventricular enlargement (solid arrows) that had not been present three years earlier (Panel B). There was no evidence of congenital heart disease. Pulmonary angiography showed no sign of chronic thromboembolic disease or veno-occlusive disease. The pulmonary arterial pressure was 106/58 mm Hg (mean, 76), with a mean right atrial pressure of 9 mm Hg, cardiac output of 5.4 liters per minute, and pulmonary vascular . . .
Use of a Calcium Chelating Agent(NaEDTA) in Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: BURTON D. COHEN, NORTON SPRITZ, GLENN D. LUBASH, ALBERT L. RUBIN
Journal: Circulation (1959)

The interrelated effects of digitalis and various cations on cardiac rhythmicity are the subject of much recent interest. This paper presents additional data on this subject that carry important therapeutic implications. The chelating agent, disodium ethylene diamine tetra acetate (NaEDTA), has been used intravenously in 14 instances of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmia. Digitalis had been administered previously in 13 instances, and various degrees of digitalization were encountered. This report summarizes our experience with NaEDTA as a test of the degree of digitalis therapy and as treatment of the arrhythmias observed.
Outcome of patients with abnl(17p) acute myeloid leukemia after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Jan M. Middeke, Min Fang, Jan J. Cornelissen, Brigitte Mohr, Frederick R. Appelbaum, Michael Stadler, Jaime Sanz, Herrad Baurmann, Gesine Bug, Kerstin Schäfer-Eckart, Ute Hegenbart, Tilmann Bochtler, Christoph Röllig, Friedrich Stölzel, Roland B. Walter, Gerhard Ehninger, Martin Bornhäuser, Bob Löwenberg, Johannes Schetelig
Journal: Blood (2014)
Positional cloning of a gene for Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome, a disorder of cytoplasmic organelles
Authors: Jangsuk Oh, Tu Bailin, Kazuyoshi Fukai, Guo Hong Feng, Lingling Ho, Jen-i Mao, Edgar Frenk, Naoaki Tamura, Richard A. Spritz
Journal: Nature Genetics (1996)
"Flipper" Method Of Holding the Hand For Intravenous Therapy
Authors: Robert A. Mayer
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> For many years the author has used a "flipper" hand restraint made of adhesive tape which offers distinct advantages over the conventional ways used. Many physicians are unable to administer intravenous fluids into the hand veins because they do not obtain proper exposure of the veins. If they succeed in placing a needle in a vein they do not know how to anchor it securely. The author has found that scalp vein needles are particularly suitable for use with the flipper method (Fig 1). Depending upon the hand width, a 1 1/2- to 2-inch wide adhesive tape approximately 16 inches long is placed at the distal edge of the first metacarpophalangeal joints, and is continued along the dorsum of the fingers, avoiding the thumb. The tape is then extended about 6 inches beyond the tips of the fingers, being turned back on itself, adhesive side against adhesive
Nilotinib and peginterferon alfa-2a for newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukaemia (NiloPeg): a multicentre, non-randomised, open-label phase 2 study
Authors: Franck E Nicolini, Gabriel Etienne, Viviane Dubruille, Lydia Roy, Françoise Huguet, Laurence Legros, Stéphane Giraudier, Valérie Coiteux, Agnès Guerci-Bresler, Pascal Lenain, Pascale Cony-Makhoul, Martine Gardembas, Eric Hermet, Philippe Rousselot, Shanti Amé, Marie-Claude Gagnieu, Christine Pivot, Sandrine Hayette, Veronique Maguer-Satta, Madeleine Etienne, Stéphanie Dulucq, Delphine Rea, François-Xavier Mahon
Journal: The Lancet Haematology (2015)