tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 13583: Left Ventricular Remodeling After Type a Aortic Dissection Surgery: a Comparison Between Different Surgical Techniques
Authors: Madelien V Regeer, Michel I Versteegh, Robert J Klautz, Martin J Schalij, Jeroen J Bax, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Victoria Delgado
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Type A aortic dissection (AADA) requires emergency surgery with different options including valve-sparing aortic root replacement (VSRR), supracoronary ascending aorta replacement (SCR) and aortic valve and root replacement (AVRR). Recurrence of aortic regurgitation (AR) and extent of left ventricular (LV) remodeling in patients with AADA was compared between these surgical techniques. Methods: A total of 120 patients (59 ± 12 years, 63% male) with AADA who underwent VSRR (n=22), SCR (n=62) or AVRR (n=36) were included in the present retrospective evaluation. AR grade and LV volumes and ejection fraction were assessed postoperatively (before hospital discharge) and during follow-up. Estimated marginal means ± standard error of the mean were obtained using linear mixed models. Results: Patients who underwent VSRR were significantly younger (49 ± 6 years) and more often male (84%). There were more patients in SCR group with hypertension compared to VSRR and AVRR (67% vs. 27% and 47%; p=0.006). The EuroSCORE II was highest in patients who underwent AVRR. After a median follow up of 53 months, the mean AR grade was 1.2 ± 0.2 in VSRR vs. 1.8 ± 0.2 in SCR vs. 0.2 ± 0.1 in AVRR (p&lt;0.001). LV end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes remained stable in VSRR, while a significant increase was observed in SCR (table). The ejection fraction remained stable in all groups, however, a trend towards improvement was observed in VSRR (p=0.055). Conclusions: Patients with AADA who underwent SCR experienced more AR compared to AVRR resulting in larger LV volumes during follow up. Despite higher AR grade during follow up in patients who underwent VSRR compared to AVRR; there was no deterioration in LV volumes and function after VSRR.
Abstract 17004: Intramyocardial Injection of Gelatinized Capillary-Alginate Hydrogel Enhances Recovery of LV Function Post-MI
Authors: Bradley J Willenberg, Domenico G Della Rocca, Leonardo F Ferreira, Stacy L Porvasnik, John W Petersen, Prateek S Wate, Eileen M Handberg, Gregory Schultz, Christopher D Batich, Barry J Byrne, Carl J Pepine
Journal: Circulation (2012)

We have developed a new injectable biomaterial composed of gelatinized capillary-alginate hydrogel. This degradable gel, termed CapGel-GT, forms a unique microstructure of parallel capillary-like channels. The diameter and density of the channels can be adjusted to facilitate cell, tissue and blood vessel ingrowth (Fig. 1A). Accordingly, via a 28G needle CapGel-GT was injected into the antero-septal left ventricular (LV) wall of normal rats (n=14) and the infarct border zone following permanent LAD ligation in rats with MI (n=65). LV function was assessed (echo) 48hrs following MI (week 0), at 4 weeks, and at 8 weeks. Control animals received no treatment following MI. CapGel-GT injection was not associated with increased mortality. Fractional shortening (FS) for rats receiving CapGel-GT was significantly higher at both week 4 and 8 echo assessments compared to week 0 as well as compared to FS of the control group animals at week 4 and 8 (Fig. 1F). Fractional area change was also significantly higher in t...
Abstract 15582: Patterns of Statin Initiation in Patients Undergoing Intermediate to High Risk Non-Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Elisabetta Patorno, Shirley Wang, Sebastian Schneeweiss, Jun Liu, Brian Bateman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Starting from early to mid 2000s a growing body of literature has been produced on the potential role of statins in reducing perioperative cardiac events in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. However, evidence remains inconsistent and little is known regarding the use of perioperative statins in clinical practice. Objectives: To examine pattern of statin initiation among patients undergoing non-cardiac elective surgery in the US. Methods: Using data from a large US healthcare insurer, we identified patients ≥18 years who underwent moderate- to high-risk non-cardiac elective surgery and initiated statins within 30-days before surgery. We assessed trends of statin initiation over time and predictors of initiation. To ensure statin initiation was precipitated by non-cardiac surgery vs. alternative indications, we also assessed the effect of temporal proximity to surgery on initiation in a matched analysis. Results: Of 460,154 patients undergoing surgery between 2003-2012, 5,628 (1.2%) initiated a statin before surgery. Initiation rate increased from 0.8% in 2003 to 1.5% in 2012 (p = .0004). The increase was more pronounced among patients with revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) score ≥2 and patients undergoing vascular surgery, with initiation rates equal to 7.2% and 14.9% respectively by the end of 2012. Proximity to surgery was predictive of statin initiation (p &lt; .0001). Significant predictors of initiation were older age, male sex, revised cardiac risk index (RCRI) score ≥1, vascular or orthopedic surgery. At the most recent estimate, patients undergoing vascular surgery and with a RCRI score ≥2 had initiation rates equal to 19.9%. Conclusions: The rate of statin initiation progressively increased from 2003 to 2012, particularly among patients with higher RCRI score and undergoing major vascular surgery. Research is needed to further define the risks and benefits of initiation of statins prior to surgery.
Guidelines: New Lows for LDL Target Levels
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Note on Results of Linder and Klein With Coisogenic Resistant Lines of Mice
Authors: G. D. Snell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Journal Article Note on Results of Linder and Klein With Coisogenic Resistant Lines of Mice Get access G. D. Snell G. D. Snell Roscoe B. Jackson Memorial Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 5, November 1960, Pages 1191–1193, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.5.1191 Published: 01 November 1960 Article history Received: 15 June 1960 Published: 01 November 1960
Roe Deer at a Stream
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 004: Physical Activity, Television Watching and Genetic Predisposition in Relation to Body Mass Index in Women and Men
Authors: Qibin Qi, Yanping Li, Andrea K Chomistek, Jae Hee Kang, Gary C Curhan, Louis R Pasquale, Walter C Willett, Eric B Rimm, Frank B Hu, Lu Qi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Previous studies on gene-lifestyle interaction and obesity have largely focused on a single locus, the FTO gene, and overall physical activity, while little attention has been given in the association for sedentary activity as indicated by television (TV) watching. We examined the interactions between leisure-time physical activity and TV watching and the genetic predisposition to increased body mass index (BMI). Methods Longitudinal data were obtained from 7740 women and 4564 men from 2 prospective cohorts: the Nurses’ Health Study and Health Professionals Follow-up Study. Data on physical activity and TV watching were collected 2 years prior to assessment of BMI. A genetic predisposition score was calculated on basis of 32 established BMI-predisposing variants. Results Overall, each additional BMI-increasing allele was associated with an increase of 0.13 (SE 0.01) kg/m 2 in BMI. The effect size for BMI in individuals in the highest physical activity quintile was attenuated compared to that in individuals in the lowest physical activity quintile (0.08 [0.02] vs 0.15 [0.02] kg/m 2 ; P for interaction &lt;0.001). In contrast, the genetic effect on BMI was more pronounced in individuals who spent &gt;40 h/wk of TV watching than that in individuals who spent 0-1 h/wk of TV watching (0.34 [0.10] vs 0.08 [0.04] kg/m 2 ; P for interaction =0.001). Each 4 Mets/d increment in physical activity (equivalents to 1h/d of brisk walking) was associated with a 0.06 (95% CI 0.03-0.08) kg/m 2 reduction in BMI (∼46% of the main effect of each additional BMI-increasing allele), while each 2 h/d increment in TV watching was associated with a 0.03 (0.01-0.06) kg/m 2 increase in BMI (∼23% of the main effect). We estimated that the difference in BMI (∼4.0 kg/m 2 , equivalents to 11.6 kg in body weight for a person 1.70 m tall) between individuals with a genetic predisposition score of 13 (minimum) and those with a score of 43(maximum) could be reduced by half (2.1 kg/m 2 , 6.1 kg in weight) by 1 h/d of brisk walking or increased by 25% (5.0 kg/m 2 , 14.5 kg in weight) by 2h/d of TV watching. Conclusions Greater leisure-time physical activity attenuates the genetic predisposition to increased BMI, whereas sedentary lifestyle indicated by prolonged TV watching accentuates the genetic effects on BMI. Our data suggest that both increasing exercise levels and reducing sedentary behaviors, especially TV watching, independently may mitigate the genetic predisposition to increased BMI.
Regular review: Point of care testing
Authors: C. P Price
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Point of care testing, otherwise referred to as near patient, bedside, or extra laboratory testing, is not new. Many of the early “diagnostic tests” were first done at the bedside—for example, urine testing. Over the past few years, however, analytical systems have been developed that enable a wide range of tests to be done quickly and simply without the need for sophisticated laboratory equipment.1

The key objective of point of care testing is to generate a result quickly so that appropriate treatment can be implemented, leading to an improved clinical or economic outcome (figure). This article sets out the requirements for delivering an effective point of care testing service and reviews the evidence of the clinical and economic effectiveness of point of care testing.

#### Summary points

Point of care testing requires trained operators to ensure a good quality service

Testing is effective only if action taken on the result

Testing has been shown to reduce hospital stay, improve adherence to treatment, and reduce complications Although point of care testing is more expensive than laboratory testing, it produces wider economic benefits

I searched the literature with Medline and Embase using the key phrases “point of care testing,” “bedside testing,” “near patient testing,” and “extra laboratory testing.” I also hand searched relevant laboratory medicine and disease related journals (such as those on diabetes) and health technology assessment reports.

Two broad types of technology support point of care testing: small bench top analysers (for example, blood gas and electrolyte systems) and hand held, single use devices (such as urine albumin, blood glucose, and coagulation tests). The bench top systems are smaller versions of laboratory analysers in which vulnerable operator dependent steps have been automated—for example, automatic flushing of sample after analysis, calibration, and quality control. Hand held devices have been developed using microfabrication techniques. …
CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF NICOTINIC ACID (NIACIN)
Authors: B R POWERS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Case Reports1 September 1948CIRCULATORY COLLAPSE FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF NICOTINIC ACID (NIACIN)BRUCE R. POWERSBRUCE R. POWERSSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-29-3-558 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptNicotinic acid has come into widespread use not only because of its importance in the vitamin B complex but also because of its side action, vasodilatation. It is generally considered to be of low toxicity either given by mouth or by vein and few untoward reactions have been reported. Some patients complain of the flush, itching, and sense of heat following either oral or intravenous administration and when doses sufficiently large to produce these signs of vasodilatation are given the patient should be told beforehand that the above phenomena will appear. These signs are desired and do not constitute toxic...Bibliography1. GOODMANGILMAN LA: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 1st Edition, 1941, Macmillan Co., New York, N. Y., pages 1254-1258. Google Scholar2. PELNER L: Anaphylaxis to the injection of nicotinic acid (niacin); successful treatment with epinephrine, Ann. Int. Med., 1947, xxvi, 290-293. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Knoxville, Tennessee*Received for publication April 21, 1947. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byVitaminsVitamineVitamineLARYNGEAL SPASMREACTIONS AFTER VITAMIN-B INJECTIONVitamin Supplementation in Health and Disease 1 September 1948Volume 29, Issue 3Page: 558-560KeywordsB vitaminsMouthNiacinPruritusToxicityVasodilationVeins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...
Preliminary results of a phase II-study: Vaccination therapy of pancreatic carcinoma patients with autologous, tumor lysate pulsed dendritic cells
Authors: C. Bauer, M. Dauer, M. Schnurr, J. Junkmann, F. Bauernfeind, C. Conrad, C. Bruns, K. Jauch, B. Emmerich, S. Endres, A. Eigler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

14102 Background: Vaccination trials in the experimental and in the clinical setting have shown that it is possible to use dendritic cells (DC) to induce a specific antitumoral immune response. In this study, a protocol for the treatment of patients with metastasised pancreatic carcinoma with autologous, tumor-lysate pulsed dendritic cells was established. Methods: Patients with strong suspicion of pancreatic carcinoma receiving abdominal surgery are recruited to the study. Tumor-lysate is derived by freeze-taw-cycles from surgically derived tissue specimens. After recurrence of histologically verified pancreatic carcinoma or in a primarily palliative situation, patients are eligible for DC vaccination. DC are derived from PBMC according to a six-day protocol, loaded with tumor lysate and stimulated with TNF-alpha and PgE2. DC are applicated intracutaneously into the groin region three times in twice weekly cycles, then in monthly cycles. Immune response is controlled by DTH skin testing. Samples of non adherent cells are frozen for future MLR and ELISPOT assays. Main study end point is partial or complete remission four months after the start of vaccination. Alternative end points are adverse effects, quality of life, one-year survival and immuno-monitoring. Results: Tumor material of 49 patients has been worked up to tumor lysate and stored for future vaccinations. Four patients have received dendritic cell vaccination. Two of these patients have received their four months staging CT. In one case local disease was stable. The other patient showed progressive disease. A more pronounced proliferation of specific T cells compared to the control setting could be demonstrated by MLR assay. Discussion: A protocol for vaccination with tumor lysate pulsed dendritic cells of patients with pancreatic carcinoma has been established. Four patients have been vaccinated with dendritic cells according to a phase II study protocol. Vaccination was tolerated well. Because of a severe adverse reaction after the beginning of gemcitabine therapy, vaccination had to be omitted intercurrently with this patient. Results of most immuno monitoring assays are pending. One patient receiving DC vaccination therapy showed stable local disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Joining together to combat poverty
Authors: Andy Haines, Iona Heath, Richard Smith
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The International Poverty and Health Network was created in December 1997 following a series of conferences organised by the World Health Organisation with the aim of integrating health into plans to eradicate poverty. Its formation was a response to the evidence of the persistent and growing burden of human suffering due to poverty. The more people who join the greater the likely impact of the network.

Around 1.3 billion people live in absolute, grinding poverty on less than $1 per day.1 This is despite the overall growth of the world economy, which doubled in the 25 years before 1998 to $24 trillion. Of the 4.4 billion people in developing countries nearly three fifths lack access to sanitation, a third don't have clean water, about a fifth have no health care, and a fifth do not have enough dietary energy and protein.

Economic disparities both within and between countries have grown, and in about 100 countries incomes are lower in real terms than they were a decade ago.2 By 1995 the richest fifth of the world's population had 82 times the income of the poorest fifth. The world's 225 richest people have combined wealth equivalent to the annual income of the poorest 2.5 billion (nearly half of the world's population).1 At the same time the world faces a growing scarcity of renewable resources from deforestation, soil erosion, water depletion, declining fish stocks, and lost biodiversity. The poor will be hit hardest by these problems.

Despite overall dramatic increases in life …
Abstract 19318: Value of a Combined Epicardial-Endocardial Ablation Strategy for Ventricular Tachycardia Storm
Authors: Roderick Tung, Ricky Yu, Justin Hayase, Noel Boyle, Kalyanam Shivkumar
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Epicardial mapping and ablation has been shown to be a useful adjunct in the setting of ventricular tachycardia (VT) storm. The aim of this study is to report ablation outcomes in 53 consecutive VT storm cases in patients with ischemic (ICM) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM), and compare the results of an combined epicardial-endocardial (epi-endo) versus endo-only ablation strategy. Methods: Patients with VT storm referred for ablation between 6/04-6/11 were analyzed into two groups: ICM and NICM. Six month freedom from VT recurrence was compared between patients who underwent combined epi-endo with those who underwent endocardial-only ablation strategy. Results: 53 patients (ICM=26, NICM=27) underwent ablation for VT storm. In the ICM group, there was significantly higher freedom from VT recurrence at 6 months in the epi-endo group compared to the endo-only ablation group (80% vs. 38%, p = 0.03). In the NICM group, there was no difference in freedom from VT recurrence at 6 months in the epi-endo group compared to the endo-only ablation group (25% vs. 31%, p = 0.75). Conclusion: A combined epi-endo ablation resulted in significantly better outcomes compared to endo-only ablation in patient with ICM. No difference was seen for the NICM group. A combined epi-endo should be considered initially in patients with ICM presenting with VT storm.
Abstract 13025: Modulation of the Sodium-calcium Exchanger 1 (NCX1) by Calpain; Molecular Interactions and Identification of a Calpain Cleavage Site
Authors: Pimthanya Wanichawan, Tandi L Hafver, Jan M Aronsen, Ida G Lunde, Marianne Lunde, Heidi Kvaløy, Theis Tønnessen, Ivar Sjaastad, Ole M Sejersted, Cathrine R Carlson
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction:  Chronic heart disease due to pressure overload, such as in hypertension and aortic stenosis (AS), is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. In response to pressure overload, altered Ca 2+  homeostasis is a key determinant of cardiac remodeling and contractility. Aberrant activation of calpain, a ubiquitous Ca 2+  dependent- protease can contribute to pathophysiology associated with loss of Ca 2+  control in cardiomyocytes. Calpain cleaves NCX1 and modulates NCX1 exchange rate but underlying molecular mechanisms of NCX1 and calpain interaction remain to be determined. The effect of calpain on modulation of NCX1 was examined in this study.   Results:  Investigation of NCX1 protein in left ventricular biopsies from AS patients and in the failing left ventricle of rats following aortic banding (AB) showed that both full-length NCX1 and a 75 kDa proteolytic NCX1 fragment were increased compared to control biopsies and sham-operated rats, respectively. We demonstrated that calpain-1 bound directly to two sites in cytoplasmic part of NCX1. By bioinformatics and mutation analysis we identified M369 as a putative calpain cleavage site residing within the α-catenin-like domain (CLD) in NCX1. Importantly, cleavage of NCX1 at M369 corresponded to a proteolytic fragment of 75 kDa. Competitive in vitro assay of calpain cleavage of NCX1 with a peptide containing M369 abolished the cleavage reaction. In order to investigate the functional role of calpain cleavage at M369 and the 75 kDa proteolytic NCX1 fragment, we mutated the identified site to a Tobacco Etch Virus (TEV) protease cleavage site. Co-transfection of NCX1(TEV) with the TEV protease resulted in specific cleavage of NCX1 at M369 in the membrane fraction.   Conclusion:  We have identified a direct NCX1-calpain interaction, a calpain cleavage site at M369 in the α-catenin-like domain (CLD) in NCX1 and increased levels of full length NCX1 and the 75 kDa proteolytic NCX1 fragment in the pressure overloaded rat and AS biopsies. Our findings provide insight into a calpain-dependent mechanism that might be important for regulating Ca 2+  homeostasis during heart failure progression.