tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A TRUSS FOR INGUINAL HERNIA IN INFANTS
Authors: W. J. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Surgical repair of inguinal hernia in children under 2 years of age is rarely indicated except in emergencies. The mother is averse to surgery and the surgeon hesitates to operate because some hernias, especially in very young infants, disappear spontaneously. As long as the child has not been trained the danger of a postoperative infection, while not great with proper precautions, nevertheless exists and adds to the hazard of surgical repair. To prevent incarceration and to aid nature in the spontaneous closure of the peritoneal pouch, a proper truss must be adjusted. The requirements of a truss for infants are specific. It must remain in place and must retain the hernia even when the child is coughing or crying. It must be comfortable, nonirritating, sanitary and simple to apply correctly. The cost should be minimal in a large charity outpatient department where a large number is required. A truss meeting
Respiratory Arrest Associated With Intravenous Administration of Polymyxin B Sulfate
Authors: Guenther Pohlmann
Journal: JAMA (1966)

NEOMYCIN, kanamycin sulfate, and Streptomycin are known to produce respiratory arrest through interference with neuromuscular transmission.<sup>1-3</sup>I have recently had a woman patient under observation in whom respiratory arrest developed shortly after the intravenous infusion of polymyxin B sulfate. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> The patient, a 52-year-old woman, was admitted to Columbia Hospital for continuing treatment of chronic pyelonephritis. Since the age of 24 years she had had repeated episodes of bilateral renal colic, nephrolithiasis, and pyelonephritis. Urine cultures initially grew<i>Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus faecalis</i>, but this flora subsequently changed to<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>and<i>Aerobacter aerogenes</i>. She had been treated with nitrofurantoin, tetracycline, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, chloramphenicol, methenamine mandelate, and nalidixic acid without any noticeable side effects. Retrograde pyelography had revealed a ureterovesical stricture on the left side; this had been dilated on several occasions. Surgical exploration of the left perinephric space, in 1961, had revealed adhesions due to
Abstract 3699: Chemoprevention of skin cancer by benzophenone sunscreen agents in mice.
Authors: Govind J. Kapadia, G Subba Rao, Midori Takasaki, Akira Iida, Nobutaka Suzuki, Takao Konoshima, Harukuni Tokuda
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Our recent study demonstrated the skin cancer chemoprevention potential of commonly used benzophenone sunscreen agents using the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen in vitro assay (Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2012: doi:10.1111/ics.12015). We now report the in vivo anti-tumor activity of two of the benzophenone sunscreens tested positive in the above in vitro assay, octabenzone (UV-1) and dioxybenzone (UV-2), in the two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis test model utilizing (±)-(E)-4-methyl-2-[-(E)-hydroxyamino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexanamide (NOR-1) as inducer and 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as promoter. Studies were conducted in pathogen-free, female hairless mice of HOS-HR-1 strain, 15 animals per control and test groups. Tumor was induced by a single dose of NOR-1 (390 nmol in 100 μl of acetone). One week later, TPA (1.7 nmol in 100 μl of acetone) was applied to skin twice weekly for 20 weeks as a tumor promoter. The test compounds, 0.0025% of UV-1 or UV-2 were administered to the animals through drinking water ad libitum, starting 1 week prior to tumor initiation and stopping 1 week after tumor initiation. All animals were examined weekly for the development of skin papillomas and the following were recorded: the week papillomas appeared, number of mice bearing papillomas and number of papillomas per mouse. In both UV-1 and UV-2 treated mice, 2-week delay in tumor appearance and significant inhibition of tumor incidence (50% and 60%, respectively) and burden (papilloma inhibition/mouse, 50% and 70%, respectively) were observed when compared to the positive control group. Also, treatment with both benzophenone sunscreens produced marked reduction in the average number of tumors formed per mouse (5 and 3 papillomas/mouse for UV-1 and UV-2, respectively compared to 10 papillomas in positive control group) at the end of the 20-week experimental period. These in vivo results in mice further affirm the skin cancer chemoprevention potential of benzophenone sunscreen use in humans. Citation Format: Govind J. Kapadia, G Subba Rao, Midori Takasaki, Akira Iida, Nobutaka Suzuki, Takao Konoshima, Harukuni Tokuda. Chemoprevention of skin cancer by benzophenone sunscreen agents in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3699. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3699
Successful treatment of D-penicillamine-induced breast gigantism with danazol.
Authors: P J Taylor, D C Cumming, B Corenblum
Journal: BMJ (1981)

Controlled trial comparing De-Nol tablets with De-Nol liquid in treatment of duodenal ulcer De-Nol (tri-potassium di-citrato bismuthate) is effective in the treatment of duodenal ulcer,' but its usefulness is limited by the unpleasant taste and smell of the liquid formulation.We compared the effectiveness of a new tablet preparation of De-Nol with the established liquid preparation in the treatment of duodenal ulcer.
THE ANATOMY OF THE MIDDLE TURBINATE,WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO ITS TOPOGRAPHIC AND SURGICAL RELATIONS.
Authors: HANATJ W. LOEB
Journal: JAMA (1907)

a vasomotor stimulant.In fact, if one analyzes the cases in which it is given clinically, most of ihem will be found to be not true cardiac failure cases, but rather vasomotor paresis conditions, such as shock, collapse and asthenic states.
628. Adenovirus-Mediated Expression of β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase C-Terminus Reduces Intimal Hyperplasia and Luminal Stenosis in a Pig Model of Arteriovenous Polytetrafluoroethylene Graft Failure
Authors: Zhengyu Luo, Geoffrey Y. Akita, Taro Date, Chris Treleaven, Karen A. Vincent, Denise Woodcock, Seng H. Cheng, Richard J. Grogery, Canwen Jiang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction is the single most important cause of morbidity in the hemodialysis population which is currently over 230,000 in the US and growing at a rate of 5% per annum. Failure of arteriovenous (AV) polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft, the most common form of hemodialysis access, is primarily due to intimal hyperplasia and thrombosis at the venous anastomosis. This study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of an adenoviral vector (Ad2/|[beta]|ARKct) encoding the carboxyl terminus of |[beta]|-adrenergic receptor kinase (|[beta]|ARKct) in a pig model of arteriovenous PTFE graft failure. To estimate gene transduction efficiency, Ad2/|[beta]|-gal4 (5E11 particles) was infused into the clamped external jugular vein segment prior to the construction of the PTFE/vein graft. Endothelial cells and patches of smooth muscle cells in the medial area expressed nuclear-localized |[beta]|-gal. Approximate 4.9|[plusmn]|2.4% of the cells stained positively for |[beta]|-gal expression. In a safety and efficacy study, eight pigs were enrolled in each treatment group. Twenty-eight days after gene transfer, there was no Ad2/|[beta]|ARKct-related systemic toxicity, as measured by clinical and pathological assessments. However, Ad2/|[beta]|ARKct improved the graft patency rate and angiographic score, as measured histologically and angiographically, compared to vehicle or empty viral vector controls. The majority of the PTFE/vein grafts treated with vehicle were occluded at the graft/vein anastomosis, with a patency rate of 37.5%. All the grafts in pigs that received Ad2/EV (5E11 particles/per vessel) were occluded. In animals treated with Ad2/|[beta]|ARKct at 5E9, 5E10, and 5E11 particles/per vessel, the patency rate was 75%, 37.5%, and 75%, respectively. The percentage of the graft/vein luminal stenosis was 83.4|[plusmn]|9.6%, 100%, 63.8|[plusmn]|12.8%, 70|[plusmn]|14.8%, 56.6|[plusmn]|13.7% in pigs treated with vehicle, Ad2/EV, and Ad2/|[beta]|ARKct at 5E9, 5E10, or 5E11 particles/per vessel, respectively. Ad2/|[beta]|ARKct also significantly (P<0.05) reduced neointimal hyperplasia in the graft/vein anastomosis. Our results suggest that local administration of adenoviral vectors encoding |[beta]|ARKct into the jugular vein represents a viable strategy to treat AV graft hemodialysis vascular access failure.
Psychoanalysis and Psychosomatics
Authors: John P. Callan
Journal: JAMA (1979)

If this is truly the age of anxiety, it illustrates the shortcomings of a therapy that came into ascendency during the first half of the 20th century—psychoanalysis. Though psychoanalysis never received more than a lukewarm reception in Europe, it became popular in the United States when its German-speaking stalwarts fled westward with the rise of the Third Reich. Psychoanalytic psychiatry was fathered by Freud when he uncovered the secret unconscious cause of hysteria and its emotional catharsis cure in 1895. After he described the three compartment psyche—ego, superego, and id— it was thought replacing id with reality-oriented ego would bring cure of illness. But this was not the case in every instance; cure remained elusive. In 1922 one of Freud's followers, Felix Deutsch, a Viennese psychiatrist, seemed set to unravel the secrets of mind-body interaction when he coined the term psychosomatic. But the complex convolutions of psyche and soma were
Abergele cartilage knife.
Authors: G. Evans, R. Owen
Journal: BMJ (1966)

I would agree that certainly in the adult there is frequently a lymphopenia at tines with no more than t00 lymphocytes -per c.mmy.We have had some childhood cases of acquired aplastic anaemia with very much the same picture; never an absolute absence of lymphocytes, but frequently with lymphopenia of a greater or lesser degree.
Sex differences in emotion expression: Developmental, epigenetic, and cultural factors
Authors: Carroll E. Izard, Kristy J. Finlon, Stacy R. Grossman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Vigil's socio-relational framework of sex differences in emotion-expressive behavior has a number of interesting aspects, especially the principal concepts of reciprocity potential and perceived attractiveness and trustworthiness. These are attractive and potentially heuristic ideas. However, some of his arguments and claims are not well grounded in research on early development. Three- to five-year-old children did not show the sex differences in emotion-expressive behavior discussed in the target article. Our data suggest that Vigil may have underestimated the roles of epigenetic and cultural factors in shaping emotion-expressive behavior.
Modulation of Bronchial Inflammation: Corticosteroids and Other Therapeutic Agents
Authors: Lauri A. Laitinen, Annika Laitinen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

We have shown that treatment with inhaled corticosteroid acts to improve asthma-induced changes in the airway mucosa to such an extent that cell type and structure are normalized. More specifically, such treatment increases the number of intraepithelial nerves, decreases the total number of inflammatory cells, and eliminates epithelial eosinophils, as well as decreasing the number of endothelial gaps in the postcapillary venules. In contrast, these effects do not seem to be found following treatment with β2-agonists.
Global Coronary Flow Reserve Is Associated With Adverse Cardiovascular Events Independently of Luminal Angiographic Severity and Modifies the Effect of Early Revascularization
Authors: Viviany R. Taqueti, Rory Hachamovitch, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Masanao Naya, Courtney R. Foster, Jon Hainer, Sharmila Dorbala, Ron Blankstein, Marcelo F. Di Carli
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background— Coronary flow reserve (CFR), an integrated measure of focal, diffuse, and small-vessel coronary artery disease (CAD), identifies patients at risk for cardiac death. We sought to determine the association between CFR, angiographic CAD, and cardiovascular outcomes. Methods and Results— Consecutive patients (n=329) referred for invasive coronary angiography after stress testing with myocardial perfusion positron emission tomography were followed (median 3.1 years) for cardiovascular death and heart failure admission. The extent and severity of angiographic disease were estimated with the use of the CAD prognostic index, and CFR was measured noninvasively by positron emission tomography. A modest inverse correlation was seen between CFR and CAD prognostic index ( r =−0.26; P &lt;0.0001). After adjustment for clinical risk score, ejection fraction, global ischemia, and early revascularization, CFR and CAD prognostic index were independently associated with events (hazard ratio for unit decrease in CFR, 2.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–3.40; P =0.008; hazard ratio for 10-U increase in CAD prognostic index, 1.17; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.34; P =0.032). Subjects with low CFR experienced rates of events similar to those of subjects with high angiographic scores, and those with low CFR or high CAD prognostic index showed the highest risk of events ( P =0.001). There was a significant interaction ( P =0.039) between CFR and early revascularization by coronary artery bypass grafting, such that patients with low CFR who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting, but not percutaneous coronary intervention, experienced event rates comparable to those with preserved CFR, independently of revascularization. Conclusions— CFR was associated with outcomes independently of angiographic CAD and modified the effect of early revascularization. Diffuse atherosclerosis and associated microvascular dysfunction may contribute to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular death and heart failure, and impact the outcomes of revascularization.
Quantitative and temporal relation between the release of myoglobin and creatine kinase and the evolution of vectorcardiographic changes during acute myocardial infarction in man
Authors: P. GROTTUM, M. SEDERHOLM, J. K KJEKSHUS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

Journal Article Quantitative and temporal relation between the release of myoglobin and creatine kinase and the evolution of vectorcardiographic changes during acute myocardial infarction in man Get access PER GRØTTUM, PER GRØTTUM **From the Institute of Informatics, University of Oslo, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar MAGNUS SEDERHOLM, MAGNUS SEDERHOLM †From the Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JOHN K KJEKSHUS JOHN K KJEKSHUS ‡From the Bærum Hospital, Sandvika, Norway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 21, Issue 9, September 1987, Pages 652–659, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/21.9.652 Published: 01 September 1987 Article history Received: 12 November 1986 Accepted: 31 March 1987 Published: 01 September 1987
Pain in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Charles D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Pain has been considered rather uncommon in multiple sclerosis, as a survey of textbooks will reveal. Yet in a necropsy study of 46 cases, Carter et al<sup>1</sup>recorded pain in 42% of them and it was the first symptom in 11%. Their patients had a severe form of the disease, having reached the hospital and remained there until death. McAlpine et al<sup>2</sup>found that pain, especially in the low back, may be early or late in the course of the disease. They noted that Abb and Schaltenbrand defined a pseudorheumatic type of multiple sclerosis characterized by muscle and joint pains or by neuralgia, but without fever. Pain in the limbs occurred in about one third of the patients of McAlpine et al with the spinal form of the disease, but girdle pain and neck pain were rarer. Head pain or trigeminal neuralgia are unusual in multiple sclerosis. However,
FEES FOR C W A SERVICE
Authors: RAMSAY SPILLMAN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

To the Editor: —  Dr. Leslie W. Beebe's communication regarding chiseling insurance companies (The Journal, September 15) interests me because of a similar recent experience with the U. S. government.  February 1, a man who operates an elevator in the building of the Workmen's Compensation Department at 80 Eighth Avenue, New York, was referred to our office for a roentgen examination of the left little finger because of an injury that produced a fracture. The report was made to the referring physician and a duplicate sent to the medical supervisor, and documents were filled out in triplicate, not only once but several times. This was the first of eight cases referred to us by the C W A, and after getting nothing out of any of them except more and more documents to fill out in triplicate, some of them with the physician's name inserted by the C W A
PERFORATING GASTRIC ULCER; POSTERIOR GASTRO-ENTEROSTOMY; FOWLER'S POSITION.
Authors: J. H. MUSSER
Journal: JAMA (1904)

<h3>MEDICAL HISTORY OF THE CASE AND REMARKS BY DR. MUSSER.</h3> I have reported with Dr. Wharton a case that was in many respects similar to this. In that case operation was done within ten hours after perforation, which accident fortunately took place while the patient was fasting, an incident corresponding to the course of the second case. In the second case the operation was done five and one-half hours after perforation. The first patient had not had solid food for twenty hours, and only a small amount of coffee eight hours before perforation. The second patient had been without solid food, and had taken only albumin water for from forty-eight to sixty hours. No opportunity to make a gastric analysis was given in the first instance, although it is presumed hyperchlorhydria was present, an extreme state of which was found in the second. Doubtless this excess of acid, unneutralized, contributed
Enhanced responsiveness to carotid baroreceptor unloading in conscious dogs during development of perinephritic hypertension.
Authors: D A Kirby, S F Vatner
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

The effects of unloading the carotid sinus baroreceptors before and during the development of perinephritic hypertension were studied in conscious dogs instrumented with aortic catheters to measure arterial pressure and heart rate, and electromagnetic flow probes to measure cardiac output and calculate total peripheral resistance. Prior to hypertension, bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) increased mean arterial pressure by 38 +/- 2 from 101 +/- 2 mm Hg and total peripheral resistance by 19 +/- 2 from 46 +/- 3 mm Hg/l/min, while cardiac output and heart rate did not change from 2,299 +/- 128 ml/min and 84 +/- 4 beats/min, respectively. At 2 weeks after renal wrapping, there were significant increases in baseline mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance and decreases in heart rate; BCO increased mean arterial pressure by 59 +/- 5 from 130 +/- 4 mm Hg, heart rate by 36 +/- 5 beats/min from 69 +/- 3 beats/min, and cardiac output by 458 +/- 103 from 2,711 +/- 239 ml/min. By 4 weeks after renal wrapping, heart rate and mean arterial pressure responses to BCO were approaching baseline levels. After beta-adrenergic receptor blockade, responses to BCO of mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate were no longer significantly enhanced during the development of hypertension. Thus, in conscious dogs, reflex pressor responses to baroreceptor unloading via BCO were enhanced during the development of hypertension but no longer present 3 weeks later. The augmented mean arterial pressor responses to BCO were mediated by increases in cardiac output and heart rate, which in turn, appeared to be controlled by beta-adrenergic receptor mechanisms.
A 61-year-old man with abdominal pain for 6 months: Figure 1
Authors: Cheng-Hao Tseng, Jyh-Ming Liou, Kao-Lang Liu, Hsiu-Po Wang
Journal: Gut (2010)

This 61-year-old man presented complaining of a 6-month history of intermittent abdominal fullness and dull periumbilical pain. There were no obvious aggravating factors, no radiation and no vomiting. …
Dopamine and impairment at the executive level
Authors: Trevor J. Crawford, Annelies Broerse, Jans Den Boer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Patients with schizophrenia have an impairment in the inhibition of reflexive saccades, as a consequence of a functional impairment of the prefrontal cortex, which has not yet been encapsulated in terms of a formal model. A number of novel and testable hypotheses can be generated from the framework proposed by Findlay &amp; Walker that will stimulate further research. Their framework therefore marks an important step in the development of a comprehensive functional model of saccadic eye movements. Further advances will be assisted by (1) a recognition of important distinctions in the executive control of volitional saccades and (2) addressing the capacity for cross-model integration of spatial information in the generation of the spatial properties of saccadic eye movements.
Chemotherapy-Related Resolution of Radiogallium Uptake in a Lactating Adenoma
Authors: BARBARA E. KLEIN, MOZAFAREDDIN K. KARIMEDDINI, RICHARD P. SPENCER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

A woman with non-Hodgkins lymphoma had several lesions demonstrable as well as massive uptake in the left breast on a radiogallium study. Biopsy of the area revealed a lactating adenoma (and she was not pregnant). Two months later, after chemotherapy, uptake in the benign breast lesion had disappeared.
Fellowships for doctors from Czechoslovakia.
Authors: O. Stark
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Ethics and multicentre research projects SIR,-We strongly support Peter Moodie's suggestion that there should be a "national committee to give conditional approval" to multicentre trials.' We have concerns about the role of local research ethics committees in these trials, which have been expressed by others.2Recent guidance from the Department of Health, which merely advised "that committees should arrive at a voluntary arrangement under which one [local' research ethics committee] is nominated to consider the issue on behalf of them all" simply dodges all the difficulties and will do nothing to help the organisers of large projects to get prompt, authori- tative advice on ethics.4Major research projects must have ethical review by independent professionals who are expert in many disciplines, including statistics, pharmacology, epidemiology, toxicology, and sociology, as well as having a practical understanding of ethical issues.Our district's local research ethics committee simply does not possess all this skill, though it does have knowledge of local circum- stances.We suspect that this may be true in other districts.In the past two years our committee has considered 114 research projects, of which no less than 70% have been multicentre drug trials.In considering these projects we have been repeating the work of many other such committees.Each local research ethics committee has its own application form, so researchers have to redraft their applications to suit the styles of different districts.This is an expensive waste of effort whose main effect is to deter research.Surely there should be, as Moodie suggests, an authoritative expert committee that could comment on multicentre research projects.These comments would be available to both local research ethics committees and researchers.This would both ensure high standards and smoothe the process of ethical approval.
O56 SOFOSBUVIR/LEDIPASVIR WITH AND WITHOUT RIBAVIRIN FOR 8 WEEKS COMPARED TO SOFOSBUVIR/LEDIPASVIR FOR 12 WEEKS IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE NON-CIRRHOTIC GENOTYPE-1 HCV-INFECTED PATIENTS: THE PHASE 3 ION-3 STUDY
Authors: K.V. Kowdley, G.C. Stuart, R.K. Reddy, L. Rossaro, D.E. Bernstein, D. An, E.S. Svarovskaia, R.H. Hyland, P.S. Pang, W.T. Symonds, J.G. Mchutchison, A.J. Muir, P.J. Pockros, D. Pound, M.W. Fried
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)