tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Derek Conmar Robinson
Authors: Kate Anderson, Margaret Hall, Robert Hall
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Consultant paediatrician York 1970-84 and consultant community paediatrician Newham 1985-94 (b 1928; q Oxford 1952; FRCP, LMCC, FRCPCH), was murdered on 17 September 2004.

Derek's experience in Nigeria during national service in the 1950s awakened an interest in tropical medicine, and in primary childcare in Africa in particular. Before returning to Africa in 1967 as lecturer in paediatrics at Makere University, Uganda, he had taken house jobs in London, Oxford, and Cambridge, had done three years in general practice, as well as a year in paediatrics in Vancouver, and had been a senior registrar in Newcastle. On returning from Uganda Derek was consultant paediatrician in York for 14 years. In 1984 he became a research fellow at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. Subsequently he returned to paediatrics, becoming consultant community paediatrician at Newham Health Authority. Derek and his wife, Jean, were murdered in September 2004 by a stranger with schizophrenia. They leave two daughters and grandchildren.
Abstract 371: Comparison of toxicity and study design issues of nanoparticle and small molecule anticancer agents in preclinical models and phase I clinical trials
Authors: Katherine P. Morgan, Whitney P. Caron, Mark D. Walsh, Beth A. Zamboni, William C. Zamboni
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Carrier-mediated agents (CMA) are classified as nanoparticles, nanosomes (nanoparticle sized liposomes) and conjugates. Anticancer CMA offer many unique advantages over their traditional small molecule (SM) counterparts, including improved solubility, longer duration of exposure, tumor-selective delivery, increased antitumor response and reduced toxicity. The interpatient variability in pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) associated with nanoparticles are greater than that observed with SM. The starting dose for phase I studies of SM and CMA anticancer agents is based on the toxicity profile of the most sensitive species (e.g. rat or canine). However, the optimal animal model for toxicologic and pharmacologic studies of CMA is unclear. Our preliminary data suggests that dogs are highly sensitive to nanoparticles and thus may not be an appropriate animal model in determining the starting dose of CMA for phase I clinical trials. We evaluated preclinical toxicology data and how this affected the design and progression of phase I studies of CMA compared to SM anticancer agents. Methods: In preclinical studies, the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in rats and dogs was evaluated for CMA and their respective SM. In phase I clinical trials of CMA and their respective SM in patients with advanced solid tumors, the basis for starting dose, the number of dose escalations, number of patients and the ratio of MTD to starting dose was determined. Results: Starting dose in phase I studies of CMA was based on dogs. Conclusions: The degree of dose escalation from starting dose to MTD was significantly greater for CMA compared to SM drugs. This was also associated with a significantly greater number of dose levels, patients, and time required to complete phase I studies of CMA compared to SM. These findings necessitate the need to identify the most appropriate preclinical animal model to use to evaluate CMA toxicity in phase I studies. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 371. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-371
Nonlinear biphasic relationship between the time constant tau and load
Authors: Adelino F Leite-Moreira, Jorge Correia-Pinto, Stefan G De Hert, Thierry C Gillebert
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Dear Editor, myocardial function (i.e.Frank-Starling's law), hence peak isovolumetric pressure and relative load.In addition, We read with great interest the article by Prabhu [1].This venous return may affect both systolic and diastolic author studied left ventricular (LV) relaxation during
Roland Jacob Levinsky
Authors: Caroline Richmond
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Pioneered the first successful bone marrow transplants in children with primary immunodeficiency and became a fearless university administratorThe dreadful death of Roland Levinsky has shocked the world of paediatric oncology and genetics.He was an immunologist of international renown who performed the UK's first successful bone marrow transplant in children with primary immunodeficiency in 1979 at Great Ormond Street children's hospital.He went on to perform the UK's first successful attempts at gene therapy in children with fatal inherited diseases.He transformed the Institute of Child Health in London into a topclass research institution.Later, he did a similar makeover at Plymouth University, sending it soaring up the league tables.Levinsky was born in South Africa to a British-born mother and Polish/Lithuanian father.His father, died when Roland was 13.Two years later his mother returned to England with her three children.
Promising agents for limiting renal damage
Authors: Elaine Blume
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Calcium entry blockers may be able to prevent acute renal injury from causing permanent kidney damage. Speaking at a National Kidney Foundation symposium held recently in Washington, DC, Thomas J. Burke, MD, associate professor of medicine and physiology at the University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, described studies in which he and colleagues used the intravenous drug verapamil to protect dog kidneys against long-term damage after ischemic insult. Verapamil blocks entry of calcium into cells and is used primarily to stabilize cardiac function. High levels of intracellular calcium, which develop during ischemic insult, block adenosine triphosphate production, leading to cell death. Burke reasoned that if excess calcium could be prevented from entering kidney cells during periods of renal ischemia, permanent tissue damage might be averted. To test this hypothesis, Burke and associates Robert Schreier, MD, Joel Gordon, MD, and Patricia Arnold treated (via a renal artery) single kidneys of
TCT-392 Relation Between Malapposition And Thrombus In ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction using Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: Takuro Takama, Toshiya Muramatsu, Reiko Tsukahara, Yoshiaki Ito, Hiroshi Ishimori, Masatsugu Nakano, Keisuke Hirano, Motoharu Araki, Masahiro Yamawaki, Norihiro Kobayashi, Shinsuke Mori, Hiroya Takafuji, Masakazu Tsutsumi, Hideyuki Takimura, Yasunari Sakamoto, Takahiro Tokuda
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Rat hepatocytes exhibit basolateral Na+/HCO3- cotransport.
Authors: E L Renner, J R Lake, B F Scharschmidt, B Zimmerli, P J Meier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Primary cultures and plasma membrane vesicles were used to characterize Na+ and HCO3- transport by rat hepatocytes. Na+ uptake into hepatocytes was stimulated approximately 10-fold by 25 mM extracellular HCO3-.HCO3--stimulated Na+ uptake was saturable, abolished by 4-acetamido-4'-isothiocyano-2,2'-disulfonic acid stilbene (SITS), and unaffected by amiloride or Cl- removal. Neither propionate nor acetate reproduced this effect of HCO3-. 22Na efflux from preloaded hepatocytes was similarly increased approximately 10-fold by an in greater than out HCO3- concentration gradient. 22Na efflux was also increased by valinomycin and an in greater than out K+ concentration gradient in the presence but not absence of HCO3-. Intracellular pH (pHi) measured with the pH-sensitive fluorochrome 2',7'-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5-(and 6-)carboxyfluorescein (BCECF) decreased at a rate of 0.227 (+/- 0.074 SEM) pH units/min when extracellular HCO3- concentration was lowered from 25 to 5 mM at constant PCO2. This intracellular acidification rate was decreased 50-60% in the absence of Na+ or presence of SITS, and was unaffected by amiloride or Cl- removal. Membrane hyperpolarization produced by valinomycin and an in greater than out K+ concentration gradient caused pHi to fall; the rate of fall was decreased 50-70% by Na+ removal or SITS, but not amiloride. An inside positive K+ diffusion potential and a simultaneous out greater than in HCO3- gradient produced a transient 4,4'-diisothiocyano-2,2' disulfonic acid stilbene (DIDS) sensitive, amiloride-insensitive 22Na accumulation in basolateral but not canalicular membrane vesicles. Rat hepatocytes thus exhibit electrogenic basolateral Na+/HCO3- cotransport.
Lessons from a fallen hero
Authors: D. Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurological disorder with a heterogeneous genetic aetiology. It most frequently results from a de novo interstitial deletion in the 15q11-q13 region, but in a few cases it is caused by paternal uniparental disomy (UPD) or an imprinting mutation. The remaining 20 to 30% of AS patients exhibit biparental inheritance and a normal pattern of allelic methylation in the 15q11-q13 region. In this latter group, mutations in the UBE3A gene have recently been shown to be a cause of AS. Here we describe the phenotypic expression in 14 AS cases involving eight UBE3A mutations. These comprise 11 familial cases from five families and three sporadic cases. Subtle differences from the typical phenotype of AS were found. Consistent manifestations were psychomotor delay, a happy disposition, a hyperexcitable personality, EEG abnormalities, and mental retardation with severe speech impairment. The other main manifestations of AS, ataxia, epilepsy, and microcephaly, were either milder or absent in various combinations among the patients. In addition, myoclonus of cortical origin was frequently observed with severe fits inducing myoclonic seizures. The majority of the patients were overweight. This study showed that ataxia, myoclonus, EEG abnormalities, speech impairment, characteristic behavioural phenotype, and abnormal head circumference are attributable to a deficiency in the maternally inherited UBE3A allele. Furthermore, analysis of mutation transmission showed an unexpectedly high rate of somatic mosaicism in normal carriers. These data have important consequences for genetic counselling.
Joe DiMaggio’s Glove
Authors: Leonard J. Hoenig, Walter H. C. Burgdorf
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Effects of Exposure to Microwaves: Problems and Perspectives
Authors: Sol M. Michaelson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1974)

During the last 25 years, there has been a remarkable development and increase in the number of processes and devices that utilize or emit microwaves. Such devices are used in all sectors of our society for military, industrial, telecommunications, and consumer applications. Although there is information on biologic effects and potential hazard to man from exposure to microwaves, considerable confusion and misinformation has permeated not only the public press but also some scientific and technical publications. The purpose of this review is to place the available information on biologic effects of microwaves in proper perspective and to suggest approaches to future studies.
Micropillar arrays as a high-throughput screening platform for therapeutics in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Feng Mei, Stephen P J Fancy, Yun-An A Shen, Jianqin Niu, Chao Zhao, Bryan Presley, Edna Miao, Seonok Lee, Sonia R Mayoral, Stephanie A Redmond, Ainhoa Etxeberria, Lan Xiao, Robin J M Franklin, Ari Green, Stephen L Hauser, Jonah R Chan
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
Simple Method of Sterilizing Rubber Gloves
Authors: Ray Ernest Smith
Journal: JAMA (1913)

<h3>To the Editor</h3> —For the past three years I have been using a simplified method of preparing my rubber gloves by which they are rendered sterile and, at the same time, given a coating of talcum, making them easy to adjust. In my hands this method has proved eminently satisfactory, and while some theoretical objections may be raised as regards the completeness of the sterility, results in about three hundred cases have shown absolute safety. My reason for giving this method is that many physicians fail to use rubber gloves in their obstetric work, at least as a routine measure, simply because of the rather laborious methods used in their preparation. My method is as follows: An 8-ounce bottle is half filled with talc, to which has been added 2 tablets of mercuric cyanid. The bottle is then filled with 90 per cent. alcohol. This solution is constantly kept on
The British Medical Association in Toronto
Authors: John W. P. Thompson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

ONE of the unusual features of the joint annual meeting of the British, Canadian and Ontario medical associations at Toronto in June was the presence at several functions of the past-presidents, presidents and presidents-elect of all three associations, as well as a number of presidents of other organizations. This so baffled Sir Henry Dale, or so he pretended, that on the occasion of his being presented with the Medal of Honour of the Canadian Pharmaceutical Manufacturers' Association, he confessed that he was not sure to which of the "posse of presidents" he should particularly address his remarks. Needless to say . . .
ARSENICAL KERATOSIS AND EPITELIOMA.*
Authors: G.R. HAMILTON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1921)

Journal Article ARSENICAL KERATOSIS AND EPITELIOMA. Get access G.R. HAMILTON, M.B., M.S.(Sydney) G.R. HAMILTON, M.B., M.S.(Sydney) Clinical Assistant to the Skin Department, London Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 33, Issue 1, 1 January 1921, Pages 15–19, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1921.tb08996.x Published: 01 January 1921
Breeding experiments on the frequency of adjuvant arthritis in the rat.
Authors: F Perlik, Z Zidek
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1973)

In an attempt to resolve the current controversy regarding whether or not myocardial Na,K-ATPase remains inhibited following washout of digitalis inotropy in isolated hearts, the effects of various protein extracting agents used in enzyme isolation procedures were investigated on dissociation of the drug-enzyme complex. The drug-enzyme complex, [<sup>3</sup>H]ouabain-Na,K-ATPase, was isolated both after <i>in vitro</i> incorporation of [<sup>3</sup>H]ouabain to crude rabbit heart Na,K-ATPase fraction and after <i>ex vivo</i> binding of [<sup>3</sup>H]ouabain in isolated Lagendorff rabbit hearts. The drug-enzyme complex was then treated at 0-4°C with 2 M NaI, 0.1% deoxycholate (DOC), or 0.1% DOC plus 2 M NaI, the protein extracting agents used in many laboratories, and compared against treatment with LiBr, the extracting agent used in our laboratory. It was found that a sequential treatment of 0.1% DOC followed by 2 M NaI resulted in over 95% of the [<sup>3</sup>H]ouabain dissociating from both <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> bound drug-enzyme complexes in comparison to control. For <i>ex vivo</i> bound drug-enzyme complex, 2 M NaI treatment alone removed approximately 90% of the [<sup>3</sup>H]ouabain activity and 0.1% DOC removed approximately 45% of the drug. In contrast to these results, treatment of the <i>ex vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> labeled drug-enzyme complexes with 1 M LiBr caused no detectable difference in drug dissociation in comparison to control complex treated with 1 mM Tris-HCl. Therefore, these findings may account for the inability of some investigators to demonstrate inhibition of Na,K-ATPase following enzyme isolation from inotropically stimulated Lagendorff rabbit hearts as well as from noninotropic hearts of various species following drug washout due to dissociation of the drug-enzyme complex by NaI and DOC. Since LiBr does not appreciably dissociate the drug-enzyme complex, in comparison to 1 mM Tris-HCl control, the present findings support our original observation that inhibition of Na,K-ATPase is not responsible for the inotropic action of digitalis, because enzyme inhibition is still present in noninotropic rabbit hearts following drug washout.
Blood flow in pulmonary veins: III Simultaneous measurements of their dimensions, intravascular pressure and flow
Authors: B. RAJAGOPALAN, C. D. BERTRAM, T. STALLARD, G. D. J. LEE
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Vein flow in the large extraparenchymal pulmonary veins is pulsatile and its wave form has an inverse relationship to left atrial pressure. Extraparenchymal pulmonary veins are thin walled and collapsible. This enables them to behave as highly compliant structures. Dimensional measurements of their cross sectional area in living open chested dogs showed them to be non circular at low left atrial pressures. They rapidly assumed a circular cross section as left atrial pressure rose. Only at pressures above 1.5 kPa (11 mmHg) were the pulmonary veins circular in cross section. The aggregate volume of the large extraparenchymal pulmonary veins, when fully distended, was found to be equal to or greater than one stroke volume of the heart. The extraparenchymal pulmonary veins act as a reservoir to the left atrium so that left ventricular stroke volume can be maintained relatively unaffected by beat by beat changes in right ventricular stroke output. Their behaviour at normal mean left atrial pressures also enables them to isolate the lung capillaries from retrograde transmission of positive pressure transients from the left atrium, which could otherwise impede venous outflow of blood from the lung capillary bed.
Replacement therapy in platelet-type von willebrand disease
Authors: Hoyu Takahashi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1985)

Abstract The response to infusions of cryoprecipitate and factor VIII concentrate was studied in a patient with platelet‐type von Willebrand disease (vWD) who showed lack of the large multimers of von Willebrand factor in plasma, increased platelet aggregation with low concentrations of ristocetin, and in vitro platelet aggregation by normal plasma. The cryoprecipitate and factor VIII concentrate to be infused induced platelet aggregation when added to patient platelet‐rich plasma at concentrations higher than 0.86 U/ml and 3 U/ml of factor VIII‐related antigen (VIIIR:Ag), respectively. Administration of cryoprecipitate (41.9 U VIIIR:Ag/kg body weight) was followed by a shortening of the bleeding time, and hemostasis was achieved during tooth extractions. Factor VIII concentrate (70.2 U VIIIR:Ag/kg) failed to correct the prolonged bleeding time and proved ineffective to control the gum bleeding. No significant diminution of the platelet count was observed following any infusion. These results indicate that cryoprecipitate is hemostatically effective and safe when infused in such a dosage, but factor VIII concentrate is not effective in platelet‐type vWD in analogy to what is observed in various types of vWD.
Reductions in an Epidermal Tight Junction Protein Enhance Atopic Dermatitis Subjects' Susceptibility to HSV Infections
Authors: A. De Benedetto, N.M. Rafaels, M. Dubois, M. Bolognino, D.Y. Leung, K.C. Barnes, M.K. Slifka, L.A. Beck
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Cardiovascular Effects of Cobra Venom
Authors: Kasian Bhanganada
Journal: JAMA (1963)

COBRA VENOM produces profound cardiovascular changes, and envenomed animals maintained by artificial respiration die of circulatory collapse. Evidence to date suggests that both heart and peripheral vessels are affected. In experiments reported herein, cardiac and peripheral vascular changes produced by venom of Naja naja were studied. The profound fall in blood pressure observed in intact animals after intravenous administration of venom was found to occur from loss of peripheral resistance and independently of the heart. In addition, venom rapidly and progressively impairs cardiac work capability. <h3>Material and Methods</h3><h3>Effect of Cobra Venom (Naja naja) on Cardiac Function.—</h3> Eight mongrel dogs weighing from 12 to 14 kg were anesthetized with pentobarbital (20 mg per kg) and no other drugs were utilized. Ventilation was maintained by a mechanical respirator, and animals were prepared as shown in Figure 1. Pressure in the resistor was maintained at a constant 110 mm Hg throughout the
Increased prandial insulin secretion after administration of a single preprandial oral dose of repaglinide in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Authors: D R Owens, S D Luzio, I Ismail, T Bayer
Journal: Diabetes Care (2000)

OBJECTIVE: To examine the dose-related pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a single preprandial oral dose of repaglinide in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A total of 16 Caucasian men with type 2 diabetes participated in two placebo-controlled double-blind randomized cross-over studies. Patients were randomized to receive a single oral dose of repaglinide (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg in study 1 and 4.0 mg in study 2) or placebo (both studies) administered 15 min before the first of two sequential identical standard meals (breakfast and lunch) that were 4 h apart. During each of the study days, which were 1 week apart, blood samples were taken at frequent intervals over a period of approximately 8 h for measurement of plasma glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and repaglinide concentrations. RESULTS: During the first meal period (0-240 min), administration of repaglinide reduced significantly the area under the curve (AUC) for glucose concentration and significantly increased the AUC for insulin levels, C-peptide levels, and the insulin secretion rate. These results, compared with those of administering placebo, were dose dependent and log linear. The effect of repaglinide administration on insulin secretion was most pronounced in the early prandial period. Within 30 min, it caused a relative increase in insulin secretion of up to 150%. During the second meal period (240-480 min), there was no difference between repaglinide and placebo administration in the AUC for glucose concentration, C-peptide concentration, and the estimated insulin secretion rate. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of repaglinide (0.5-4.0 mg) before breakfast improves insulin secretion and reduces prandial hyperglycemia dose-dependently Administration of repaglinide had no effect on insulin secretion with the second meal, which was consumed 4 h after breakfast.
Six new trial centres aim to boost surgical research in England
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A network of surgical trial centres is to be set up across England in an attempt to increase the amount of surgical research.

Less than 2% of government funding for medical research goes into surgery, despite the fact that a third of hospital admissions involve a surgical procedure.

To encourage more research in the discipline the Royal College of Surgeons has announced plans to set up …