tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Prognostic staging models using imaging tests versus performance score (PS) and laboratory tests in predicting tumor response to chemotherapy and survival in small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Authors: W. K. de Jong, M. M. Span, D. Bathoorn, H. J. M. Groen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7304 Background: SCLC is usually staged as limited or extensive disease (LD or ED) by imaging tests. Some groups used combinations of PS and laboratory tests to classify SCLC patients into prognostic groups, such as London Criteria (LC), Royal Marsden Criteria (RMC) and Kawahara Criteria (KC). Response to chemotherapy is radiologically defined (WHO criteria). This study assessed the prognostic value of these models and the ability to predict tumor response to chemotherapy. Methods: Patients treated with first-line chemotherapy were studied. Patients were classified in 1) LD or ED (by imaging tests such as CT-scans and bone scans), 2) LC (based on PS, sodium, albumin and alkaline phosphatase), 3) RMC (albumin, alanine transaminase and PS) and 4) KC (lactate dehydrogenase, PS and sodium). Cox univariate and multiple regression analysis were performed to determine the effect of models on survival. The size of the effect was expressed as Hazard Ratio(HR). Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the value of these models to predict response to chemotherapy. Results: Between January 1996 and July 2004 191 patients were included. From 156 patients all data were available for analysis. Median age at diagnosis was 62 years (range: 37–86), males 69%, LD 40%. PS was 0/1/2/3 in 33/50/16/1%. Median survival was 39 weeks (range: 1–324). The effect size of staging in predicting survival using the RMC was 3.2 (95% CI 1.8–5.6), for imaging tests 2.3 (95% CI 1.6–3.3), for KC 2.2 (95% CI 1.6–3.1) and for LC 1.6 (95% CI 1.3–2.0) in univariate analysis. In multivariate analysis combination of imaging tests and RMC or KC explained most variance. All tests were good predictors for response, except for JC and RMC. Conclusion: Prognosis was best explained by combining imaging tests and RMC or KC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 14877: Native T1-based Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance for Characterizing Chronic Myocardial Infarctions: Proof-of-Concept Study in Canines
Authors: Avinash Kali, Ivan Cokic, Richard L Tang, Hsin J Yang, Behzad Sharif, Eduardo Marbán, Debiao Li, Daniel S Berman, Rohan Dharmakumar
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Gadolinium infusion required for Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) imaging is contraindicated in nearly 20% of myocardial infarction (MI) patients due to chronic end-stage kidney disease. Hypothesis: Using a canine model of MI, we investigated whether native T1 mapping at 3T could be an alternative to LGE CMR for characterizing chronic MIs (CMIs). Methods: Canines (n=29) were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Native T1 maps, native T2 maps and LGE images were acquired at 7 days (acute, AMI) and 4 months (CMI) post-MI at 1.5T and 3T. Infarct location, size and transmurality, measured using Mean + 5 Standard Deviations criterion, were compared between T1 maps and LGE images. Native T2 maps were used to examine the resolution of edema between AMI and CMI. Following the CMR studies, animals were euthanized and ex-vivo histology was performed. Results: T1 maps and LGE images were not different for measuring infarct size (p=0.61) and transmurality (p=0.81) in CMI at 3T. In AMI at 3T, T1 maps overestimated both infarct size (p=0.007) and transmurality (p=0.007) relative to LGE images. At 1.5T, T1 maps underestimated both infarct size and transmurality relative to LGE images in both AMI and CMI (p&lt;0.001 for all cases). Relative to the remote territories, T1 of the infarcted myocardium was elevated in AMI (3T: p&lt;0.001; 1.5T: p&lt;0.001) and CMI (3T: p&lt;0.001; 1.5T: p=0.037). T2 of the infarcted myocardium was elevated in AMI (p&lt;0.001 at both 3T and 1.5T), but not in CMI (3T: p=0.19, 1.5T: p=0.55) indicating that myocardial edema resolved by 4 months post-MI. Masson’s trichrome staining showed extensive replacement fibrosis within CMIs. Sensitivity and specificity of T1 maps to detect CMI were 95% and 97% respectively at 3T, and 58% and 78% respectively at 1.5T. Conclusions: Native T1 mapping at 3T can characterize CMIs with high diagnostic accuracy. T1 elongations in CMI appear to arise predominantly from replacement fibrosis.
Abstract 5600: Wntless (GPR177) regulates WNT/NF-кB signaling in leukemia cells, and its expression correlates with poor prognosis in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Shih-Hsien Hsu, Li-Ting Wang, Shih-Bo Huang, Shyh-Shin Chiou
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP ALL) is the most common childhood leukemia, with a cure rate of 80%. Nevertheless, disease relapse is the most important prognostic factor for the disease outcome. We aimed to elucidate the role of Wnt secretion-regulating protein, Wntless (Wls)/GPR177, on disease outcome in pediatric patients with BCP ALL, and assess its pathogenetic role in the regulation of the disease. Wls expression was characterized and correlated with Wnt and NF-κB pathway signaling in the bone marrow leukemia cells isolated from 44 pediatric patients with BCP ALL. The overexpression of Wls was detected in leukemia cells and was significantly correlated with the disease relapse and poor survival in the patients. The high expression of Wls also correlated with the Wnt expression, particularly with the NF-κB signaling activation. The Wnt-activated NF-κB signaling induced by Wls was shown to provide essential proliferation, transformation, and anti-apoptotic activity during leukemogenesis. These results indicated that Wls played an essential role in disease relapse and poor survival in patients with BCP ALL. Therefore, Wls may provide a potential future therapeutic target, particularly for patients who do not respond to existing therapies and suffer relapse. Citation Format: Shih-Hsien Hsu, Li-Ting Wang, Shih-Bo Huang, Shyh-Shin Chiou. Wntless (GPR177) regulates WNT/NF-кB signaling in leukemia cells, and its expression correlates with poor prognosis in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5600. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5600
Abstract 18114: Prevalence of Left Atrial Appendage Thrombus in Oncologic Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Nada Memon, David F Briceno, Mehul R Bhalja, Jose Banchs
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: There is considerable evidence that the left atrial appendage (LAA) is a common site for thrombus formation and its characteristics pose varying risks for having embolic events. Furthermore, atrial fibrillation has been found to occur with an increased frequency in patients with malignancies. The lack of evidence of standardized treatment strategies in the cancer population forces physicians to take an individualized approach to atrial fibrillation and stroke prevention. Herein, we describe the LAA characteristics in a cancer population with atrial fibrillation. Hypothesis: Cancer patients have an increased risk of LAA thrombus formation in atrial fibrillation. Methods: This is a retrospective study to determine the prevalence of LAA thrombus in a cohort of oncologic patients with atrial fibrillation. Two hundred and forty-five patients underwent transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) at MD Anderson Cancer Center during the period 2000-2013 for atrial fibrillation evaluation. Results: LAA thrombus was identified in 6.5% of patients (16 of 245). During follow up, three of these patients had experienced a stroke (19%). The mean age was 67 with 5 females (31%) and 11 males (69%). Fifteen patients were white. The majority of patients had solid tumors (75%, 12 of 16). The mean CHADS2 score was 1.3 +/- 0.9 and the mean left ventricular ejection fraction on transthoracic echo was 57 +/- 9%. Spontaneous echo contrast was noted on TEE in 56% of patients (9 of 16). Five patients were on antiplatelet therapy and 9 were on oral anticoagulants. Oncologic, TEE, and clinical data are detailed below (Table 1). Conclusions: The prevalence of LAA thrombus and stroke in cancer patients with atrial fibrillation is significant. These findings may be a reflection of the enhanced inflammatory state of cancer. This data suggest that LAA thrombus evaluation is critical in determining the anticoagulation strategy in atrial fibrillation patients with cancer.
Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative meta-analysis
Authors: Kunihiro Matsushita, Marije van der Velde, Brad C. Astor, Mark Woodward, Andrew S. Levey, Paul E. de Jong, Josef Coresh, Ron T. Gansevoort, Meguid El-Nahas, Kai Uwe Eckardt, Bertram L. Kasiske, Marcello Tonelli, Brenda Hemmelgarn, Yaping Wang, Robert C. Atkins, Kevan R. Polkinghorne, Steven J. Chadban, Anoop Shankar, Ronald Klein, Barbara E.K. Klein, Haiyan Wang, Fang Wang, Luxia Zhang, Lisheng Liu, Michael Shlipak, Mark J. Sarnak, Ronit Katz, Linda P. Fried, Tazeen Jafar, Muhammad Islam, Juanita Hatcher, Neil Poulter, Nish Chaturvedi, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Hermann Brenner, Elke Raum, Wolfgang Koenig, Caroline S. Fox, Shih Jen Hwang, James B. Meigs, Massimo Cirillo, Stein Hallan, Stian Lydersen, Jostein Holmen, Paul Roderick, Dorothea Nitsch, Astrid Fletcher, Christopher Bulpitt, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Hirohito Metoki, Masaaki Nakayama, Masahiro Kikuya, Yutaka Imai, Simerjot Kaur Jassal, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Jaclyn Bergstrom, David G. Warnock, Paul Muntner, Suzanne Judd, William M. McClellan, Mary Cushman, George Howard, Leslie A. McClure, Sun Ha Jee, Heejin Kimm, Ji Eun Yun, Chi Pang Wen, Sung Feng Wen, Chwen Keng Tsao, Min Kuang Tsai, Johan Ärnlöv, Priscilla Auguste, Kasper Veldhuis, Laura Camarata, Beverly Thomas, Tom Manley
Journal: The Lancet (2010)
Lentivirus-mediated gene transfer induces long-term transgene expression of BMP-2 in vitro and new bone formation in vivo
Authors: Osamu Sugiyama, Dong Sung An, Sam P.K. Kung, Brian T. Feeley, Seth Gamradt, Nancy Q. Liu, Irvin S.Y. Chen, Jay R. Lieberman
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

We examined the potential of ex vivo gene therapy to enhance bone repair using lentiviral vectors encoding either enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a reporter gene or bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) downstream of either the cytomegalovirus immediate early (CMV) promoter or the murine leukemia virus long terminal repeat (RhMLV) promoter derived from a murine retrovirus adapted to replicate in a rhesus macaque. In vitro, rat bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) transduced with Lenti-CMV-EGFP or Lenti-RhMLV-EGFP demonstrated over 90% transduction efficiency at 1 week and continued to demonstrate stable expression for 8 weeks. ELISA results demonstrated that lentivirus-mediated gene transfer into BMSCs induced stable BMP-2 production in vitro for 8 weeks. Increased EGFP and BMP-2 production was noted with the RhMLV promoter. In addition, we implanted BMSCs transduced with Lenti-RhMLV-BMP-2 into a muscle pouch in the hind limbs of severe combined immune deficient mice. Robust bone formation was noted in animals that received Lenti-RhMLV-BMP-2 cells at 3 weeks. These results demonstrate that lentiviral vectors expressing BMP-2 can induce long-term gene expression in vitro and new bone formation in vivo under the control of the RhMLV promoter. Prolonged gene expression may be advantageous when developing tissue engineering strategies to repair large bone defects.
Abstract 3800: Antiproliferative effect of fingolimod (FTY720) in human prostate cancer cells: Insights to estrogen metabolism <i>in situ</i>
Authors: Rasha M. Allam, Hisham A. Mosli, Amany E. Khalifa, Salwa M. Nofal, Ola A. Sharaf, Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim, Ahmed M. Al-Abd
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Sphingokinase-1/sphingosine-1-phosphate pathway contributes significantly to progression of different types of cancer which has been recently reported to influence estrogen level in breast cancer cells. Current evidence suggests that estrogen (E2) and its metabolites, especially catechol metabolites, are playing a key role in the proliferation and carcinogenesis of the prostate glands. FTY720 is Sphingokinase-1inhibitorwhich possess anticancer properties in various tumor cell types. The aim of this study is to investigate the chemotherapeutic effect of FTYY720 against prostate cancer cells with emphasis on estrogenic microenvironment in-situ. The IC50 of FTY720 in DU145 cell line was4.2±1.4µg/ml. The concentration of estrogen and its metabolites were assayed in the media over DU145 cells using liquid chromatography tandem mass (LC/MS) technique. FTY720 treatment resulted in a dramatic decrease in estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) levels compared to control untreated cells (2652.76±115.62 vs. 725.69±1.28 and 283.36±4.18vs. 150.32±8.96ng/g, respectively); however, it had no significant effect on the concentration of Estriol(E3). In terms of catechol estrogens, 4-hydroxyEstradiol (4-OHE2) and 2-hydroxy Estradiol (2-OHE2) formation was significantly decreased after treatment withFTY720 compared to control cells (25.42±2.40 vs. 7.45±0.82 and 485.93±3.10 vs. 477.42±4.24 ng/g), respectively. FTY720 had no significant effect on formation of 16α-hydroxyEstrone (16 α-OHE1). On the other hand, treatment with FTY720 significantly increased the concentration of 2-methoxyestrone (2-MOHE1) and 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MOHE2) compared to control cells (5.45±0.12 vs. 29.94±2.97 and165.62±5.67 vs. 269.97±15.85), respectively..The expression of catechol estrogen synthesizing enzymes (CYP19, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1) was significantly decreased within prostate cancer cells after treatment with FTY720 compared to untreated counterpart. On the other hand, the expression level of catechol estrogen degrading enzyme (COMT) was significantly decreased. Cell cycle analysis of DU145 cells showed arrest at G1 phase with significant decrease in the G2-M population due to treatment with FTY720. In conclusion, FTY720 induced anti proliferative effect in prostate cancer cells might be attributed partly to its influence on estrogen metabolism in-situ. Citation Format: Rasha M. Allam, Hisham A. Mosli, Amany E. Khalifa, Salwa M. Nofal, Ola A. Sharaf, Ashraf B. Abdel-Naim, Ahmed M. Al-Abd. Antiproliferative effect of fingolimod (FTY720) in human prostate cancer cells: Insights to estrogen metabolism in situ. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3800. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3800
Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management
Authors: Joyce Black
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Letters21 July 2015Pressure Ulcer Prevention and ManagementJoyce Black, PhD, RN, CWCNJoyce Black, PhD, RN, CWCNFrom University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/L15-5110-2 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:The annual number of cases of pressure ulcers in the United States is difficult to discern because reporting varies. The National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel estimates that 4% to 7% of hospitalized patients develop these ulcers. The estimated incidence is higher in long-term care and recently increased to 14% in this setting (1). These numbers likely constitute more than 400 000 cases yearly. Although this large number emphasizes the importance of pressure ulcers, it also nearly equals the total number of new cases of breast cancer (232 000) and lung cancer (221 000) combined (2). Given the growing number of elderly ...References1. Pieper B, eds. Pressure Ulcers: Prevalence, Incidence and Implications for the Future. Washington, DC: National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel; 2012. Google Scholar2. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figure 2015. 2015. Accessed at www.cancer.org/research/cancerfactsstatistics/cancerfactsfigures2015 on 11 June 2015. Google Scholar3. Padula WV, Mishra MK, Makic MB, Sullivan PW. Improving the quality of pressure ulcer care with prevention: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Med Care. 2011;49:385-92. [PMID: 21368685] doi:10.1097/MLR.0b013e31820292b3 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.Disclosures: Disclosures can be viewed at www.acponline.org/authors/icmje/ConflictOfInterestForms.do?msNum=M15-0190. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPressure Ulcer Prevention and Management: A Dire Need for Good Science Joyce Black Risk Assessment and Prevention of Pressure Ulcers: A Clinical Practice Guideline From the American College of Physicians Amir Qaseem , Tanveer P. Mir , Melissa Starkey , Thomas D. Denberg , and Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management William V. Padula , Heidi M. Wald , and David O. Meltzer Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management William V. Padula , Heidi M. Wald , and David O. Meltzer Metrics 21 July 2015Volume 163, Issue 2Page: 149KeywordsBreast cancerDisclosureElderlyLong-term careLung and intrathoracic tumorsMedicarePressure ulcersUlcers ePublished: 21 July 2015 Issue Published: 21 July 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Sun exposure rapidly reduces plasmacytoid dendritic cells and inflammatory dermal dendritic cells in psoriatic skin
Authors: I. Heier, E. Søyland, A.‐L. Krogstad, C. Rodríguez‐Gallego, M.S. Nenseter, F.L. Jahnsen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Interferon (IFN)-α-producing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), inflammatory CD11c+CD1c- myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs) and macrophages have been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Heliotherapy is a well-established treatment modality of this disease, although the details of how the effects are mediated are unknown.To test the hypothesis that exposure to natural sun affects pathogenic DC subsets in lesional skin.Skin biopsies were obtained from lesional and nonlesional skin in 10 patients with moderate to severe psoriasis subjected to controlled sun exposure on Gran Canaria. Biopsies were obtained at baseline, day 2 and day 16 and examined by immunohistochemistry.Sixteen days of heliotherapy had excellent clinical effect on patients with psoriasis, with significant reductions in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. In lesional skin pDC numbers and expression of MxA, a surrogate marker for IFN-α, were rapidly reduced. Inflammatory CD11c+CD1c- mDCs were significantly reduced whereas resident dermal CD11c+CD1c+ mDCs were unaffected. Expression levels of the maturation marker DC-LAMP (CD208) on mDCs were significantly reduced after sun exposure, as were the numbers of lesional dermal macrophages. A decrease of dermal DC subsets and macrophages was already observed after 1 day of sun exposure. An additional finding was that DC-SIGN (CD209) is primarily expressed on CD163+ macrophages and not DCs.The clinical improvement in psoriasis following sun exposure is associated with rapid changes in dermal DC populations and macrophages in lesional skin, preceding the clinical effect. These findings support the concept that these DC subsets are involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and suggest that sun-induced clinical benefit may partly be explained by its effect on dermal DCs.
105. Optimization of Short-Hairpin RNAs for the Treatment of the Hepatitis C Virus Using AAV Vectors with Multiple Expression Cassettes
Authors: Yi-Lin Liu, Hua Zhu, Alexander Schlachterman, Heesoon Chang, Rodney M. Carime, Katherine A. High
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Hemophilia A is an inherited X-linked bleeding disorder caused by a deficiency in FVIII (F.VIII). Hemophilia is a good model disease for gene therapy because of the availability of animal models and the flexibility of the therapeutic range. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors have proven successful for the delivery of the factor IX gene in both murine and canine models of hemophilia B. A problem in the packaging of the rFVIII cDNA or various B-domainless derivatives (i.e. rFVIII-SQ) in different AAV serotypes is the size of the insert, which combined with required regulatory elements, can exceed the packaging capacity of AAV (~5 kb). Thus efforts have been made to find minimal regulatory elements which allow for efficient packaging while maintaining FVIII expression.
Familial Essential Thrombocythemia Associated With One-Base Deletion in the 5′-Untranslated Region of theThrombopoietin Gene
Authors: Takeshi Kondo, Mihiro Okabe, Masayoshi Sanada, Mitsutoshi Kurosawa, Sachiko Suzuki, Masanobu Kobayashi, Masuo Hosokawa, Masahiro Asaka
Journal: Blood (1998)
Discordance Between Echocardiography and MRI in the Assessment of Mitral Regurgitation Severity
Authors: Seth Uretsky, Linda Gillam, Roberto Lang, Farooq A. Chaudhry, Edgar Argulian, Azhar Supariwala, Srinivasa Gurram, Kavya Jain, Marjorie Subero, James J. Jang, Randy Cohen, Steven D. Wolff
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Symptomatic primary HIV infection in a 49-year-old man who has sex with men: beware of the window phase
Authors: H E van Oosten, M Damen, H JC de Vries
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

A 49-year-old man with a history of receptive unprotected anal intercourse with multiple anonymous men presented with a symptomatic primary HIV infection. Upon his initial visit the rapid HIV antibody screening test was negative but a p24 antigen test suggested a highly infectious phase in the HIV infection. An immunoblot assay confirmed the HIV diagnosis only 14 days later. Recent infections are characterised by a highly infectious phase and, if gone unnoticed, can have a large contribution to the ongoing transmission of HIV. Healthcare providers should be aware of primary HIV infection and the pitfalls in its diagnosis.
214. Additive Effects of HSV Vectors Expressing Proenkephalin, Interleukin-4, and Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Soluble Receptor To Treat Bone Cancer Pain
Authors: Darren Wolfe, Liu Jun, Hao Shuanglin, Huang Shuahua, Marina Mata, Joseph Glorioso, David Fink
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)
Reference based annotation with GeneMapper.
Authors: Sourav Chatterji, Lior Pachter
Journal: Genome biology (2006)

Abstract We introduce GeneMapper, a program for transferring annotations from a well annotated genome to other genomes. Drawing on high quality curated annotations, GeneMapper enables rapid and accurate annotation of newly sequenced genomes and is suitable for both finished and draft genomes. GeneMapper uses a profile based approach for mapping genes into multiple species, improving upon the standard pairwise approach. GeneMapper is freely available for academic use.