tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Lorazepam in Myoclonic Seizures After Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Frederick M. Vincent, Tish Vincent
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1986Lorazepam in Myoclonic Seizures After Cardiac ArrestFREDERICK M. VINCENT, M.D., TISH VINCENT, B.A.FREDERICK M. VINCENT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, TISH VINCENT, B.A.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-104-4-586_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: A recent article by Bass (1) on the neurologic complications of cardiopulmonary arrest briefly discussed the problem of post-anoxic seizures. Seizures develop in 30% of the survivors of cardiac arrest, with approximately two thirds of these seizures being myoclonic; such myoclonic seizures are often resistant to treatment and associated with a poor prognosis for survival (Krumholz A, Beanland C, Stern BJ. Myoclonic status epilepticus following cardiopulmonary arrest. Presented at the 1983 annual meeting of the American Electroencephalographic Society). However, Bass recommends the use of diazepam for the initial control of such seizures. We want to describe our...References1. BASS E. Cardiopulmonary arrest: pathophysiology and neurologic complications. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:920-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. LEVYKRALL RR. Treatment of status epilepticus with lorazepam. Arch Neurol. 1984;41:650-61. Google Scholar3. GREENBLATTDIVOLL DM. Diazepam versus lorazepam: relationship of drug distribution to duration of clinical action. In: DELEGADO-ESCUETA AV, WASTERLAIN CG, TREIMAN DM, PORTER RJ, eds. Status Epilepticus. New York: Raven Press; 1983:487-91. (Advances in Neurology, Vol. 34.) Google Scholar4. HOMANWALKER RJ. Clinical studies of lorazepam and diazepam in status epilepticus. In: DELEGADO-ESCUETA AV, WASTERLAIN CG, TREIMAN DM, PORTER RJ, eds. Status Epilepticus. New York: Raven Press; 1983:493-8. (Advances in Neurology, Vol. 34.) Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByManagement of Refractory Status Epilepticus in an Actively Dying PatientCOMA IN THE INTENSIVE CARE UNITPrognosis following Postanoxic Myoclonus Status epilepticusRehabilitation of movement disorders11A commercial party with a direct financial interest in the results of the research supporting this article has conferred or will confer a financial benefit upon the author or one or more of the authors. Elovic is on the advisory board and speaker’s bureau of Allergan.MyoclonusLetter to the editor 1 April 1986Volume 104, Issue 4Page: 586-586KeywordsDiazepamElectroencephalographyEpileptic seizuresHeartStatus epilepticus Issue Published: 1 April 1986 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Sjogren's syndrome treated with bromhexine: a reassessment.
Authors: R Manthorpe, K Frost-Larsen, H Isager, J U Prause
Journal: BMJ (1980)

radioactivity of the free amino-acid.At best this omission leaves the interpretation of the results in doubt; at worst it can lead to severely misleading conclusions.Our own studies, and those of others, have shown that protein synthesis in skeletal muscle, which contributes 25-50% of total body synthesis in man,' is acutely sensitive to food absorption2 and to the concentration of amino-acids and insulin.3We do not dispute that the available methods for measuring whole-body protein turnover may not be ideal.Indeed, we have spent considerable time and effort in analysing possible sources of error and in comparing different approaches with 15N and 14C.4 5 The conclusion that amino-acids are retained in the body during food absorption can be made from simple nitrogen balance experiments and also from more sophisticated studies with L-4C-leucine.6The latter technique has also been used to show that rates of protein metabolism do not alter during the day and night if the food intake is maintained constant throughout.7 Dr Adam and Professor Oswald may argue that stored amino-acids are retained in the free amino-acid pool of the tissues, rather than as protein, but this appears to us to be highly unlikely.The total body pool of free leucine is quite small compared with the daily intake from dietary sources,8 and the period of measurement (12 hours) allows plenty of time for re-equilibration after a change of intake.In concluding that protein turnover is sensitive to food intake we have been par- ticularly concerned with validating methods and with verifying results by using several different techniques both in man and in animals.
Comment on: Margolis et al. Lack of Effectiveness of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy for the Treatment of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and the Prevention of Amputation: A Cohort Study. Diabetes Care 2013;36:1961–1966
Authors: Glen C. Hawkins
Journal: Diabetes Care (2013)

The article by Margolis et al. (1) took me by surprise because multiple randomized controlled trials as well as personal experience have shown that hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is very beneficial in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. After reading the article fully, I am of the belief that the authors have made a fundamental error of interpretation of their statistics, and the title is certainly not justified by their results.

Firstly, the study is retrospective data from an organization that treats patients for profit. That has implications in that reimbursement for the use of HBOT in chronic wounds is related to the duration of …
THE HEMOCYTOLOGICAL CONSTITUTION OF ADULT MALE RABBITS FROM FIFTEEN STANDARD BREEDS
Authors: Albert E. Casey, Paul D. Rosahn, Ch'uan-K'uei Hu, Louise Pearce
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1936)

A study of the red blood cells, hemoglobin, blood platelets, and the total and individual white blood cells was made on 180 male rabbits of known age and representing fifteen standard breeds. An attempt was made to eliminate or bold constant such variables as age, sex, season, time of examination, technical errors, food, housing, and disease. The mean, variance of the mean, and standard deviation were calculated for each breed sample and for the group as a whole. An analysis of the variance showed that the variation between the breed samples was significantly greater than the variation within the breed samples for the red blood cells, hemoglobin, blood platelets, total white blood cells, basophiles, eosinophiles, and lymphocytes per cubic millimeter and in per cent and the neutrophiles in per cent. No significant variations were detected in the monocytes except when the breeds were divided into heavy and light breeds. No variation in the neutrophiles per cubic millimeter was detected; a large number of the breeds had exactly the same mean neutrophile level. Characteristic blood formulae were found for the various breed samples having an adequate numerical representation. It was concluded that the varying blood formulae could not be explained on any other, except an hereditary (genetic) basis.
1001-30 Comparison of Different Vasodilators on Coronary Flow Reserve In Patients with Documented Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Mun K. Hong, Augusto D. Pichard, S. Chiu Wong, Kenneth M. Kent, Lowell F. Satler, Gaston R. Dussaillant, Ya Chien Chuang, Julie L. MacKenzie, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Malignant melanoma and granulomatosis
Authors: C. ROBERT, P. SCHOENLAUB, M-F. AVRIL, C. LOK, E. GROSSHANS, D. VALEYRK, C. BOURGEOIS, L. PINQUIER, L. DUBERTRET, J-C. CUILLAUME
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Sarcoidosis or granulomatous reactions have rarely been reported in association with malignant melanoma (MM). We describe seven patients who presented with both granulomatous disease and MM, and discuss the physiopathological and prognostic significance of this association. In three patients, the granulomatosis was diagnosed as true sarcoidosis and in one patient, as tumour-associated granuloma. In three cases, designated here as atypical tumour-associated granulomatoses, the presence of clear-cut pulmonary granulomatous nodules was typical neither for sarcoidosis nor for tumour-associated granuloma and was highly suggestive of melanoma metastases. Mediastinal lymphadenopathy was present in every patient. In all seven patients, the question of mediastinal or pulmonary involvement or relapse of the MM was raised, but could be confirmed in only one patient. MM can be associated with granulomatous disease. Knowledge of this association has implications in the management of patients with MM.
Pacemaker twiddler: a twist in the tail?
Authors: M. Been, P. G. Darke
Journal: BMJ (1988)

Pilonidal disease was first described in 1847.Al- though it is common in the sacrococcygeal region of the natal cleft, it is a ubiquitous disorder that has been described in the perineum, the suprapubic region, the axilla, the umbilicus, and the interdigital clefts of barbers' hands.2Pilonidal disease of the areola is rare.There is a report of a pilonidal sinus caused by a dog hair in a canine beautician3 and a similar report in roustabouts (sheepshearers' assistants, who carry shorn wool close to their breast), which also mentions two cases of pilonidal breast disease in hairdressers.4Interestingly, our patient had recently begun to cut men's hair.This is in keeping with the observations of Currie et al, who found interdigital sinuses in men's but not women's hairdressers.5Our patient should be able to prevent recurrence by wearing closely woven nylon overalls that prevent the passage of hair through clothing.Failing that the roustabouts' technique of using wide strips of sticking plaster to cover their nipples might be effective.In this report the history and clinical finding of hair in the mammary ducts rather than in the cavities of the abscess indicated that the abscesses were pilonidal.Despite the clear history, however, the condition was extremely difficult to diagnose, and pilonidal disease _,........... Nipple showingprotruding hatrs may cause periareolar inflammation and abscesses more frequently than has been recogniised.
Dual-modified liposomes with a two-photon-sensitive cell penetrating peptide and NGR ligand for siRNA targeting delivery
Authors: Yang Yang, YanFang Yang, XiangYang Xie, ZhiYuan Wang, Wei Gong, Hui Zhang, Ying Li, FangLin Yu, ZhiPing Li, XingGuo Mei
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Lengths and Diameters of Peripheral Arterial Vessels in the Living Animal
Authors: Mary P. Wiedeman
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Measurements of the length, diameter, and number of branches of arterial vessels were made from a distributing artery to the capillaries in a living bat. From the values so obtained, cross-sectional areas in various portions of the arterial bed were calculated. An almost linear decrease in the diameters of successively smaller vessels was found. There was also a linear relationship in the calculated total cross-sectional areas formed by the various vessels. The results are not in agreement with similar reports made by others using measurements from vessels in a fixed preparation.
Takayasu's Arteritis
Authors: KIKU NAKAO, MASAO IKEDA, SHIN-ICHI KIMATA, HIROKAZU NIITANI, MITSUO MIYAHARA, ZEN-ICHI ISHIMI, KUNITAKE HASHIBA, YOSHIYUKI TAKEDA, TOSHIO OZAWA, SATORU MATSUSHITA, MORIO KURAMOCHI
Journal: Circulation (1967)

The manifestations of Takayasu's arteritis of the aorta were studied in 84 patients. The extent of the involvement of the aorta was classified on aortographic examination in 54 patients and from the clinical manifestations in 30. Involvement of the aorta was classified as: (1) arch type in 47 cases; (2) extensive type (whole aorta and its branches involved) in 27 cases; and (3) descending thoracic and abdominal type (only descending thoracic and abdominal aortas involved) in 10 cases. The three types resembled one another in clinical manifestations and laboratory findings except for ischemic signs which varied with the type of lesion and a slight difference in the ratio of male to female patients. Generalized, cardiac and pulmonary symptoms were noted by about two thirds of the patients in the early stage. About one third complained of local pain. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were high values during the active stage of this disease. The hemagglutination test using tannic acid-treated erythrocytes was positive in five of seven cases. It is not clear yet that circulating anti-arterial antibodies are the direct cause of Takayasu's arteritis.
Clinical and Experimental Pheochromocytoma
Authors: Franz H. Messerli
Journal: JAMA (1997)

The new edition of<i>Clinical and Experimental Pheochromocytoma</i>by Drs Manger and Gifford is a unique compendium and textbook on this topic. The first edition was written entirely by the principal authors, but a number of other investigators have contributed to the second edition. All are experts in their fields and deserve gratitude and respect for sharing their knowledge with the reader. In 1886 Frankel first described pheochromocytomas that were found at autopsy in both adrenal glands of an 18-year-old girl. In 1922, L'Abbé and his colleagues first made the fascinating observation that paroxysms of high blood pressure occurred in a young woman who was found at autopsy to have an adrenal tumor. Volhard had previously described the clinical syndrome. A pheochromocytoma was successfully removed by Roux the first time in 1926 in Switzerland, and by C. H. Mayo in 1927. Both patients had had paroxysmal episodes of hypertension
Superior survival associated with transplantation of matched unrelated versus one-antigen–mismatched unrelated or highly human leukocyte antigen– disparate haploidentical family donor marrow grafts for the treatment of hematologic malignancies: establishing a treatment algorithm for recipients of alternative donor grafts
Authors: William R. Drobyski, John Klein, Neal Flomenberg, Daniel Pietryga, David H. Vesole, David A. Margolis, Carolyn A. Keever-Taylor
Journal: Blood (2002)
Calcium oxalate crystals induce renal inflammation by NLRP3-mediated IL-1β secretion
Authors: Shrikant R. Mulay, Onkar P. Kulkarni, Khader V. Rupanagudi, Adriana Migliorini, Murthy N. Darisipudi, Akosua Vilaysane, Daniel Muruve, Yan Shi, Fay Munro, Helen Liapis, Hans-Joachim Anders
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Nephrocalcinosis, acute calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephropathy, and renal stone disease can lead to inflammation and subsequent renal failure, but the underlying pathological mechanisms remain elusive. Other crystallopathies, such as gout, atherosclerosis, and asbestosis, trigger inflammation and tissue remodeling by inducing IL-1β secretion, leading us to hypothesize that CaOx crystals may induce inflammation in a similar manner. In mice, intrarenal CaOx deposition induced tubular damage, cytokine expression, neutrophil recruitment, and renal failure. We found that CaOx crystals activated murine renal DCs to secrete IL-1β through a pathway that included NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1. Despite a similar amount of crystal deposits, intrarenal inflammation, tubular damage, and renal dysfunction were abrogated in mice deficient in MyD88; NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1; IL-1R; or IL-18. Nephropathy was attenuated by DC depletion, ATP depletion, or therapeutic IL-1 antagonism. These data demonstrated that CaOx crystals trigger IL-1β–dependent innate immunity via the NLRP3/ASC/caspase-1 axis in intrarenal mononuclear phagocytes and directly damage tubular cells, leading to the release of the NLRP3 agonist ATP. Furthermore, these results suggest that IL-1β blockade may prevent renal damage in nephrocalcinosis.
CXCR4 Signaling Regulates Metastasis of Chemoresistant Melanoma Cells by a Lymphatic Metastatic Niche
Authors: Minah Kim, Young Jun Koh, Kyung Eun Kim, Bong Ihn Koh, Do-Hyun Nam, Kari Alitalo, Injune Kim, Gou Young Koh
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Highly metastatic and chemotherapy-resistant properties of malignant melanomas stand as challenging barriers to successful treatment; yet, the mechanisms responsible for their aggressive characteristics are not fully defined. We show that a distinct population expressing CD133 (Prominin-1), which is highly enriched after administration of a chemotherapeutic drug, dacarbazine, has enhanced metastatic potential in vivo. CD133(+) tumor cells are located close to tumor-associated lymphatic vessels in metastatic organs such as the regional lymph nodes and lung. Lymphatic endothelial cells promote the migratory activity of a CD133(+) subset to target organs and regulation of lymphatic growth efficiently modulates the metastasis of CD133(+) tumor cells. We found that lymphatic vessels in metastatic tissues stimulate chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4)(+)/CD133(+) cell metastasis to target organs by secretion of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). The CXCR4(+)/CD133(+) cells exhibited higher metastatic activity compared with CXCR4(-)/CD133(+) cells and, importantly, blockade of CXCR4 coupled with dacarbazine efficiently inhibited both tumor growth and metastasis; dacarbazine alone could not attenuate tumor metastasis. The current study demonstrates a previously unidentified role of the lymphatic microenvironment in facilitating metastasis of chemoresistant melanoma cells via a specific chemotactic axis, SDF-1/CXCR4. Our findings suggest that targeting the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in addition to dacarbazine treatment could therapeutically block chemoresistant CD133(+) cell metastasis toward a lymphatic metastatic niche.
Expanding Indications for Beta-Blockers in Heart Failure
Authors: Eugene Braunwald
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

For more than a century, clinicians have noted that tachycardia, cutaneous vasoconstriction, diaphoresis, and reduced urinary output are cardinal manifestations of severe heart failure and surmised that these findings are caused by increased adrenergic activity. Armed with what was then a newly developed fluorometric assay for catecholamines, our group reported in the Journal almost 40 years ago that in patients with heart failure, plasma norepinephrine concentrations are elevated,1 whereas cardiac stores of the neurotransmitter are reduced.2 We postulated that the neurotransmitter exerts a positive inotropic effect by stimulating the failing myocardium and that the vasoconstriction induced by its action helps . . .
Man, Mind &amp;amp; Medicine: The Doctors' Education
Authors: George Mora
Journal: JAMA (1968)

As a psychiatrist with considerable interest in medical history, I have been concerned with the dichotomy between the medical and behavioral sciences. In the past, doctors were more able than today to be attuned to the mental as well as the physical needs of the patient. While doctors of the past handled the mental needs of the patient purely on an intuitive basis, today they could easily take advantage of the considerable body of accumulated knowledge of human psychology. Yet, with few exceptions, the two models of medical thinking, the one based on the physical-chemical sciences and the one based on psychodynamics, proceed almost independently from each other. To find ways to overcome this unfortunate state, a selected group of scientists in various fields—physics, neurophysiology, medicine, surgery, pediatrics, psychiatry, anthropology, sociology, and history —gathered in a symposium at Swampscott, Mass in 1966. Common to these men was their commitment to
The autoimmune disease–associated PTPN22 variant promotes calpain-mediated Lyp/Pep degradation associated with lymphocyte and dendritic cell hyperresponsiveness
Authors: Jinyi Zhang, Naima Zahir, Qiuhong Jiang, Helen Miliotis, Stephanie Heyraud, Xianwang Meng, Baoxia Dong, Gang Xie, Frank Qiu, Zhenyue Hao, Christopher A McCulloch, Edward C Keystone, Alan C Peterson, Katherine A Siminovitch
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Subcortical regions and the self
Authors: Georg Northoff
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2007)

Merker argues that subcortical regions are sufficient for the constitution of consciousness as “immediate, unreflective experience” as distinguished from self-consciousness. My point here is that Merker neglects the differentiation between pre-reflective self-awareness and reflective self-consciousness. Pre-reflective self-awareness allows us to immediately and unreflectively experience our self, which functionally may be mediated by what I call self-related processing in subcortical regions.
Attempts to contain Marburg disease epidemic have limited effect
Authors: Chibuzo Odigwe
Journal: BMJ (2005)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <i>Scedosporium apiospermum</i> is an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen responsible for life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients. This fungus exhibits limited susceptibility to all current antifungals and, due its emerging character, its pathogenicity and virulence factors remain largely unknown. Carbohydrate binding proteins such as lectins are involved in host-pathogen interactions and may constitute valuable therapeutic targets to inhibit microbial adhesion to the host cells by using carbohydrate mimics. However, such lectins are still unidentified in <i>S. apiospermum.</i> Here, we present the first report of the identification and characterization of a lectin from <i>S. apiospermum</i> named SapL1. SapL1 is homologous to the conidial surface lectin FleA from <i>Aspergillus fumigatus,</i> known to be involved in the adhesion to host glycoconjugates present in human lung epithelium. The present report includes a detailed strategy to achieve SapL1 soluble expression in bacteria, its biochemical characterization, an analysis of its specificity and affinity by glycan arrays and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), as well as the structural characterization of its binding mode by X–ray crystallography. The information gathered here contributes to the understanding of glycosylated surface recognition by <i>Scedosporium</i> species and is essential for the design and development of antiadhesive glycodrugs targeting SapL1. <h3>Author summary</h3> The rate of infections caused by the airborne microfungus <i>Scedosporium apiospermum</i> has increased in the recent decades, especially in immunocompromised patients. It represents a therapeutic challenge due to its low susceptibility to all current antifungals, and the subsequent high mortality rate in disseminated scedosporiosis. Recently, the development of antiadhesive therapy has emerged as a novel strategy for the treatment and prevention of fungal infections. It aims to avoid the first step of infections, adhesion, by blocking the proteins responsible for attachment of the pathogens to the host-cells. Unfortunately, in the case of <i>S. apiospermum,</i> those proteins remain unknown but now we have identified a lectin (SapL1) encoded in its genome that is possibly involved in this process. In order to achieve a deep understanding of SapL1 specificity and interactions, we produced recombinant SapL1 in bacteria to carry out its biochemical and structural characterization. As predicted by our bioinformatics studies, SapL1 is a fucose binding lectin and we elucidated the interactions responsible for its binding specificity. Together, these informations should help to design efficient SapL1 inhibitors and therefore to generate potential antiadhesive drugs against this pathogen. Additionally, we have shown that SapL1 belongs to a highly conserved family of lectins that are present in other pathogens. Thus, the information presented here might also be useful for a broad spectrum drug development.