tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Psychoanalysis: Waning or Waxing?
Authors: Amir Poreh
Journal: JAMA (1995)

To the Editor.  —In the December 14, 1994, issue ofThe JOURNAL, Drs Clemens and Mosher 1 argued that psychoanalysis is not on the wane and provided some statistical data regarding membership in various organizations to support this opinion. First, they argued that the membership of the American Psychoanalytic Association has increased in the past two decades. Secondly, they reported that the membership of Division 39 of the American Psychological Association (the section of the American Psychological Association concerned with psychoanalysis) has increased in the past decades. Finally, they provided information regarding the increase of membership in such organizations outside the United States.  Although these numbers are correct, they are somewhat misleading because the authors used raw numbers rather than proportions to examine their hypothesis. While the number of members in the American Psychiatric Association has increased almost twofold from 20 000 to 29 000 to 38 000 during the
Diagnosis and prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria in children less than 5 years of age with acute diarrhea in Tehran children's hospitals
Authors: F. Jafari, L.J. Garcia-Gil, S. Salmanzadeh-Ahrabi, L. Shokrzadeh, M.M. Aslani, M.A. Pourhoseingholi, F. Derakhshan, M.R. Zali
Journal: Journal of Infection (2008)
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors induce mesenchymal stem cell–mediated resistance in BCR-ABL+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Saradhi Mallampati, Xiaohong Leng, Haiqing Ma, Jianfang Zeng, June Li, Haiying Wang, Kevin Lin, Yue Lu, Yang Yang, Baohua Sun, Yun Gong, Ju-Seog Lee, Marina Konopleva, Michael Andreeff, Ralph B. Arlinghaus, Zhen Cai, Bingliang Fang, Haifa Shen, Xin Han, Cheryl F. Hirsch-Ginsberg, Xiaolian Gao, Anurag N. Paranjape, Sendurai A. Mani, Karen Clise-Dwyer, Xiaoping Sun
Journal: Blood (2015)
PREMENSTRUAL TENSION: EEG, HORMONAL, AND PSYCHIATRIC EVALUATION
Authors: WANDA M. LAMB, GEORGE A. ULETT, WILLIAM H. MASTERS, DONALD W. ROBINSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1953)

Electroencephalographic, hormonal, and psychiatric investigations of a small number of subjects with and without premenstrual tension have revealed the following :(1) no indication that the behavioral manifestations of premenstrual tension reflect directly alterations in the cerebral neurophysiology so measured, (2) endocrine activity within normal limits in all subjects, with no demonstrable distinction between subjects with premenstrual tension and controls, and (3) no evidence that would substantiate a theory of psychogenic etiology for premenstrual tension. However, there appeared to be some definable differences in behavior other than the premenstrual manifestations differentiating the 2 groups. The subjects with premenstrual tension showed more marked emotional lability throughout their cycles, and in general were less assertive individuals.
Surrogates under scrutiny: fallible correlations, fatal consequences
Authors: R. Moynihan
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<h3>Abstract</h3> The utilisation of multiple host-derived carbon substrates is required by <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> (Mtb) to successfully sustain a tuberculosis infection thereby identifying the Mtb specific metabolic pathways and enzymes required for carbon co-metabolism as potential drug targets. Metabolic flux represents the final integrative outcome of many different levels of cellular regulation that contribute to the flow of metabolites through the metabolic network. It is therefore critical that we have an in-depth understanding of the rewiring of metabolic fluxes in different conditions. Here, we employed <sup>13</sup>C-metabolic flux analysis using stable isotope tracers (<sup>13</sup>C and <sup>2</sup>H) and lipid fingerprinting to investigate the metabolic network of Mtb growing slowly on physiologically relevant carbon sources in a steady state chemostat. We demonstrate that Mtb is able to efficiently co-metabolise combinations of either cholesterol or glycerol along with C2 generating carbon substrates. The uniform assimilation of the carbon sources by Mtb throughout the network indicated no compartmentalization of metabolism in these conditions however there were substrate specific differences in metabolic fluxes. This work identified that partitioning of flux between the TCA cycle and the glyoxylate shunt combined with a reversible methyl citrate cycle as the critical metabolic nodes which underlie the nutritional flexibility of Mtb. These findings provide new insights into the metabolic architecture that affords adaptability of Mtb to divergent carbon substrates. <h3>Importance</h3> Each year more than 1 million people die of tuberculosis (TB). Many more are infected but successfully diagnosed and treated with antibiotics, however antibiotic-resistant TB isolates are becoming ever more prevalent and so novel therapies are urgently needed that can effectively kill the causative agent. Mtb specific metabolic pathways have been identified as an important drug target in TB. However the apparent metabolic plasticity of this pathogen presents a major obstacle to efficient targeting of Mtb specific vulnerabilities and therefore it is critical to define the metabolic fluxes that Mtb utilises in different conditions. Here, we used <sup>13</sup>C-metabolic flux analysis to measure the metabolic fluxes that Mtb uses whilst growing on potential <i>in vivo</i> nutrients. Our analysis identified selective use of the metabolic network that included the TCA cycle, glyoxylate shunt and methyl citrate cycle. The metabolic flux phenotypes determined in this study improves our understanding about the co-metabolism of multiple carbon substrates by Mtb identifying a reversible methyl citrate cycle and the glyoxylate shunt as the critical metabolic nodes which underlie the nutritional flexibility of Mtb.
Partial Suppression of Metastatic Potential of Malignant Cells in Immunodeficient Mice Caused by Transfection of H-2Kb Gene
Authors: S. Gattoni-Celli, A. Marozzi, R. Timpane, K. Kirsch, K. J. Isselbacher
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Partial Suppression of Metastatic Potential of Malignant Cells in Immunodeficient Mice Caused by Transfection of H-2K b Gene Get access Sebastiano Gattoni-Celli, Sebastiano Gattoni-Celli * Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA. * Correspondence to: Sebastiano Gattoni-Celli, M.D., Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, 13th St., Bldg. 149, Charlestown, MA 02129. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Anna Marozzi, Anna Marozzi Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Rita Timpane, Rita Timpane Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Katharina Kirsch, Katharina Kirsch Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Kurt J. Isselbacher Kurt J. Isselbacher Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Charlestown, MA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 11, 6 June 1990, Pages 960–963, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.11.960 Published: 06 June 1990 Article history Received: 02 October 1989 Revision received: 08 February 1990 Accepted: 13 February 1990 Published: 06 June 1990
Carcinoma Endometrium
Authors: Punit Sharma, Rakesh Kumar, Harmandeep Singh, Sunil Jeph, Daya Nand Sharma, Chandrasekhar Bal, Arun Malhotra
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Objective Recurrent carcinoma endometrium has a poor prognosis. However, successful salvage with long-term survival has been achieved after hormone therapy, radical surgery, and radiotherapy/chemotherapy in patients with recurrent disease. Conventional imaging (CI) and tumor marker have limited accuracy for detecting recurrence in these patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of 18-flurodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) in patients suspected to have recurrence of carcinoma endometrium. Methods In this retrospective study, total 101 patients were evaluated. All patients had undergone surgery with/without adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy/radiotherapy/both) for histologically proven carcinoma endometrium. They underwent 18-FDG PET/CT studies for suspected recurrence. Comparable CI (contrast-enhanced CT and/or magnetic resonance imaging) was available for 76 patients. Results of FDG PET/CT were confirmed with clinical/imaging follow-up and/or histopathology. Results The mean age was 56.9 ± 8.6 years. 18-FDG PET/CT was positive for recurrence in 51 (50.5%) patients and negative in 50 (49.5%). Locoregional disease was observed in 24 patients, metastatic disease was observed in 10, and 17 showed both locoregional and metastatic disease. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and accuracy of 18-FDG PET/CT were 88.9%, 93.6%, 94.1%, 88%, and 91%, respectively. 18-FDG PET/CT showed strong positive correlation with final diagnosis based on reference standard (κ 0.823; P = 0.0001). Compared to CI, 18-FDG PET/CT has much higher specificity (62% vs. 96.4%), and accuracy (76.3% vs. 92.1%), with comparable sensitivity (85.1% vs. 89.5%). Conclusion 18-FDG PET/CT is a highly sensitive and specific modality for detecting recurrence in post-therapy patients of carcinoma endometrium with suspected recurrence. It performs better than CI.
EVEROLIMUS AND PACLITAXEL–ELUTING STENTS FOR SMALL CORONARY ARTERY DISEASES: INSIGHT FROM THE ONE–YEAR RESULTS OF PLUM AND SACRA REGISTRIES
Authors: Kenya Nasu, Yuji Oikawa, Yoshihiro Takeda, Masatoshi Suzuki, Yoshiaki Mibiki, Yuichi Ujiie, Masaki Tanabe, Takafumi Tsuji, Hiroshi Ohta, Shinichi Usui, Tadanori Aizawa, Takahiko Suzuki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Interventions of latex allergen inhaled by health care workers through use of breathing masks or non-powdered gloves
Authors: Teresa Z Mitakakis, Euan R Tovey, Deborah Yates, Timothy John O'Meara, Brett Toelle, Anthony Johnson, Michael Sutherland, Robyn E O'Hehir, Guy Marks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2002)
MISUSE OF THE WORD "EXTRACT"
Authors: E. G. Kyte
Journal: JAMA (1922)

To  Editor:  —We are wont to popularize  usage of wrong terms until they reach a vogue and become common. As an example is  use of  word  when applied to a desiccated gland product, when nothing like an extract is meant. Gould's dictionary says that an extract is the condensed active principle of a drug. To be sure, a certain amount of moisture is removed by desiccation, but this does not make such a product an extract.
STUDIES ON HYPERSENSITIVITY TO PENICILLIN. I. INCIDENCE OF REACTIONS IN 1303 PATIENTS 12
Authors: Mark H. Lepper, Harry F. Dowling, Jay A. Robinson, Thomas E. Stone, Robert L. Brickhouse, Eston R. Caldwell, Richard L. Whelton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)

Although penicillin is a relatively safe drug, many reactions, including three deaths (1-3), have been reported following its administration.Most of these reactions appear to be allergic in origin, even though the nature of the antigen has usually not been determined.During the years that penicillin was being purified many reactions were considered to be caused by impurities, particularly when the reaction was specific for a particular lot.When slowly absorbable prepara- tions became available it seemed important to determine whether administration in this form in- creased the incidence of reactions.We have un- dertaken a study to determine the reaction rate to crystalline penicillin in aqueous solutions and to slowly absorbable forms as seen in ordinary hos- pital practice as well as factors influencingthe incidence of such reactions and the nature of the antigen involved.In the present paper we are reporting the.incidence of reactions which we have found and some of the factors believed to be important in determining the reaction rate.Stud- ies on skin tests with penicillin oil and beeswax will be reported elsewhere (4). METHODThe method of this study was to observe daily all patients being treated with a preparation containing peni- cillin.Before treatment was initiated the patients were questioned regarding previous courses of penicillin and previous allergic reactions.A physical examination was then performed and the type of preparation, the dose, and the lot number of the penicillin employed were recorded.At least once a day each patient was examined and questioned closely regarding signs and symptoms of allergic reactions and of reactions at the site of injection.
The HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 impairs B cell proliferation by inducing TGF-β1 production and FcRL4 expression
Authors: Katija Jelicic, Raffaello Cimbro, Fatima Nawaz, Da Wei Huang, Xin Zheng, Jun Yang, Richard A Lempicki, Massimiliano Pascuccio, Donald Van Ryk, Catherine Schwing, Joseph Hiatt, Noreen Okwara, Danlan Wei, Gregg Roby, Antonio David, II Young Hwang, John H Kehrl, James Arthos, Claudia Cicala, Anthony S Fauci
Journal: Nature Immunology (2013)
Gastric Calcification Detected In Vivo By 99mTc-Pyrophosphate Imaging
Authors: VEMBLASERRY JAYABALAN, BARRY DE WITT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

A 48-year-old white man with Hodgkin's disease was referred for bone imaging. There was intense accumulation of the bone imaging agent in the stomach and in the region of the upper lobe of the right lung. Subsequent biopsy and histological examination revealed that there was amorphous calcification in the mucosal layer of the stomach. Possible causes for this calcification are discussed.
Physiotherapy for neck and back pain
Authors: Nicholas Harvey, Cyrus Cooper
Journal: BMJ (2005)

We need to know who will benefit from which intervention 

S pinal pain is not a new problem. Back strain is mentioned in the oldest surviving surgical text, the Edwin Smith papyrus from 1500 BC. However, the place of mechanical spinal pain in medicine has changed dramatically over the centuries. As life expectancy and general health conditions have improved, neck and back pain have become major causes of morbidity and health expenditure.1 Back pain was recently estimated to affect around 17.3 million people in the United Kingdom at an annual cost of £1bn ($1.9bn; € 1.4bn) to the NHS and an additional £565m to private healthcare providers.1 The recent publication of three papers in the BMJ, including one in this issue, addressing the physiotherapeutic and manipulative treatment of spinal pain is therefore timely (p 75).2–4 It also coincides with the release of guidance from the Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Alliance.5

The alliance has brought together a multidisciplinary group to evaluate systematically the evidence for various interventions in spinal pain and determine clinical standards for their delivery. The guidance emphasises conservative management in the community by a variety of health professionals including physiotherapists, chiropractors, osteopaths, and musculoskeletal physicians. Only a small proportion of patients with so called red flag signs indicating serious underlying pathology should be referred without delay to …
Opposing effects of HLA class I molecules in tuning autoreactive CD8+ T cells in multiple sclerosis
Authors: Manuel A Friese, Karen B Jakobsen, Lone Friis, Ruth Etzensperger, Matthew J Craner, Róisín M McMahon, Lise T Jensen, Véronique Huygelen, E Yvonne Jones, John I Bell, Lars Fugger
Journal: Nature Medicine (2008)
Super-expressive voices: Music to my ears?
Authors: Elizabeth A. Simpson, William T. Oliver, Dorothy Fragaszy
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract We present evidence from neuroimaging and brain lesion studies that emotional contagion may not be a mechanism underlying musical emotions. Our brains distinguish voice from non-voice sounds early in processing, and dedicate more resources to such processing. We argue that super-expressive voice theory currently cannot account for evidence of the dissociation in processing musical emotion and voice prosody.
Phase II Study of Oxaliplatin and Gemcitabine Salvage Chemotherapy in Patients with Cisplatin-Refractory Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumor
Authors: Ugo De Giorgi, Giovanni Rosti, Michele Aieta, Franco Testore, Luciano Burattini, Giuseppe Fornarini, Emanuele Naglieri, Giovanni Lo Re, Federica Zumaglini, Maurizio Marangolo
Journal: European Urology (2006)
One in four hospitals is more than 25% short of thrombolysis target
Authors: O. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2002)

English hospitals have made great strides in treating people who have had a heart attack, according to a report published by the Royal College of Physicians, but are still behind government targets.

The myocardial infarction national audit project, which is funded by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence, reviewed the treatment of heart attack in English hospitals in the first half of 2002.

The project measures performance against four targets intended to improve …
Effect of CC-chemokines (MCP-1) in a novel porcine model of peripheral vascular disease
Authors: Michiel Voskuil, Niels Van Royen, Imo Hoefer, Brian Guth, Randolph Seidler, Klaus Scheffler, Sebastian Grundmann, Juergen Hennig, Wolfgang Schaper, Christoph Bode, Jan J. Piek, Ivo R. Buschmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Sex differences in African-Americans regarding sensitivity to insulin's glucoregulatory and antilipolytic actions.
Authors: A E Sumner, H Kushner, K D Sherif, T N Tulenko, B Falkner, J B Marsh
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if there are sex differences in African-Americans regarding the effect of obesity on sensitivity to insulin as a glucoregulatory and antilipolytic hormone. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Data from study participants, 127 nondiabetic African-Americans (mean age 32 +/- 4 years), included anthropometric measurements, an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), a 2-h euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp, and a fasting triglyceride level. Sensitivity to insulin as a glucoregulatory hormone was determined by M/FFM, where M is the mean glucose infusion rate during the second hour of the clamp and FFM is fat-free mass. Sensitivity to insulin's antilipolytic action was assessed during the OGTT by the percent suppression of free fatty acid (FFA) concentrations between 0 and 120 min. The higher the suppression of FFAs, the greater the sensitivity to insulin's antilipolytic action. RESULTS: The participants were classified by BMI into three groups: nonobese (31 men, 24 women), obese (17 men, 14 women), and severely obese (12 men, 29 women). The women had higher percentages of body fat (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and the men had greater FFM (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The M/FFM values for men versus women in each BMI group were nonobese, 8.8 +/- 2.8 vs. 10.8 +/- 4.4; obese, 7.2 +/- 3.4 vs. 8.5 +/- 3.4; and severely obese, 4.7 +/- 2.1 vs. 6.1 +/- 2.2. The difference between the BMI groups was significant (P &amp;lt; 0.001), as was the difference between men and women (P &amp;lt; 0.01). In addition, there was a significant sex difference in percent suppression of FFAS (P &amp;lt; 0.001). The men and women had similar fasting insulin and FFA concentrations; however, in the men only, the percent suppression of FFA declined with increasing obesity (nonobese, 83 +/- 15%; obese, 73 +/- 18%; and severely obese, 69 +/- 19%; P = 0.02). The women in all three BMI groups had lower FFA levels of 86-88%. CONCLUSIONS: Obese African-American men and women are resistant to insulin as a glucoregulatory hormone, but only obese men are resistant to insulin's antilipolytic action; obese African-American women are sensitive to insulin's antilipolytic action. The combined presence of sensitivity to insulin's antilipolytic action with resistance to insulin's glucoregulatory action in obese African-American women may contribute to their high prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
PTU-005 Agreeing Endoscopy Trainer Attributes – a Delphi Study to develop a Trainer Evaluation Toolkit
Authors: L Macdougall, S Corbett, M Welfare, C Wells, J R Barton
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Recent advances have been made to improve the skills of the UK’s endoscopists but currently endoscopy trainers have no validated method by which to receive formative feedback regarding their training. Previous research has developed a list of attributes that describe the high quality trainer and could be used to deliver frequent feedback<sup>1</sup>. This study uses the Delphi technique to select and refine attributes to be included in an evaluation toolkit. The Delphi technique is a group consensus technique that involves asking a panel to take part in a series of rounds to clarify, refine and finally gain consensus on an issue. <h3>Methods</h3> Four sub-groups (experts, trainers, nurse endoscopists and trainees) reviewed the list of attributes that describe good endoscopy trainers derived from previous work1. Participants were asked to suggest additions or modifications and rate the suitability of each attribute for two types of evaluation instrument: a single session (DOTS: directly observed teaching skills) or a rotation (LETS: long-term evaluation of teaching skills). After round one free text comments were analysed, additional items added and suggested modifications were made; attributes which scored less than 77% agreement were excluded; those that scored above 77% and had significantly different scores for the LETS and DOTS were allocated to the appropriate instrument. The remaining attributes were resubmitted to the panel in round 2 <h3>Results</h3> 62 participants completed the process. Following free-text analysis it was apparent that the panel wanted tools that were as short as possible. The attributes were therefore re-grouped and similar attributes amalgamated. Remaining comments were reviewed and subsequent modifications made, 17 attributes were excluded in round 1; 8 were allocated to the DOTS and 9 to the LETS. In round 2 a further 12 attributes were allocated to the DOTS and 6 to the LETS and one new item added <h3>Conclusion</h3> By conducting this study it has been possible to develop a usable evaluation toolkit by which trainers could gain formative feedback on their performance. The Delphi process has enabled us to reduce the number of attributes included in the toolkit and refine these attributes. It has also enabled us to gain and amalgamate the opinions of a large panel of experts. Due to suggestions made by the panel, the original wording of 13 of the attributes was refined. Five attributes have resulted from an amalgamation of attributes <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared <h3>Reference</h3> Wells, C., <i>The characteristics of an excellent endoscopy trainer</i><i>.</i> Frontline Gastroenterology, 2010. <b>1</b>: p. 13–18.