tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Electronmicroscopic observations on the effects of orally administered aspirin and aspirin-bicarbonate mixtures on the development of gastric mucosal damage in the rat.
Authors: K D Rainsford
Journal: Gut (1975)

The effects of administering a single dose of (200 mg to 50 mg/kg body weight) aspirin or an equimolar mixture of aspirin (200 mg/kg body wt) with sodium bicarbonate on the fine structure of the rat gastric mucosa were investigated in order to establish the role of particles of the drug in the development of gastric damage. The sequence of cellular events involved in the development of a lesion and the influence of short-term starvation were also investigated. Aspirin-bicarbonate solutions produced much less damage in starved rats than aspirin suspensions given at low (50 mg/kg body weight) or high therapeutic doses (200 mg/kg body weight). Also, when non-starved rats were given 200 mg/kg aspirin, only slight damage was observed. The presence of particles of the drug in intimate contact with the mucosa is thus important in the development of gastric damage. A sequence of events with time involving direct physical exfoliation of mucosal cells and selective structural damage to parietal cells followed by structural damage indicative of a disturbance to oxidative and biosynthetic functions in cells near the developing erosion was observed. The implications of these results on the development of aspirin-induced lesions are discussed.
Off the Record — Avoiding the Pitfalls of Going Electronic
Authors: Pamela Hartzband, Jerome Groopman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Many of us remember searching frantically for a lost chart or misfiled laboratory result in the wee hours of the morning as we cared for a sick patient in the emergency ward, or requesting in vain the most recent note from a specialist about a patient who returned to our office after a consultation. The ultimate goal of the electronic medical record — a technological solution being championed by the Bush administration, the presidential candidates, and New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg, as well as Google, Microsoft, and many insurance companies — is to make all patient information immediately accessible and . . .
Epidermolysis bullosa simplex associated with muscular dystrophy: Phenotype-genotype correlations and review of the literature
Authors: Hiroshi Shimizu, Yasuko Takizawa, Leena Pulkkinen, Satoru Murata, Mitsuru Kawai, Hiroshi Hachisuka, Masako Udono, Jouni Uitto, Takeji Nishikawa
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1999)
Peripheral airways responsiveness to cool, dry air in normal and asthmatic individuals.
Authors: D A Kaminsky, C G Irvin, D A Gurka, D C Feldsien, E M Wagner, M C Liu, S E Wenzel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Peripheral airways resistance (Rp) has been shown to be increased in asymptomatic asthmatic patients with normal spirometric values, and to be correlated with airways hyperresponsiveness to methacholine. We investigated whether Rp in asthmatic subjects with exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) would rise in response to cool, dry air. Using a wedged bronchoscope technique, we challenged an isolated lung segment with high flows (500 to 1,000 ml/min) of cool (22 degrees C) dry 5% CO2 in air for 5 min in eight asthmatic subjects with EIB and eight normal subjects. Baseline Rp and Rp following challenge were measured with saturated air at 37 degrees C at a flow rate of 100 ml/min. Baseline Rp was significantly greater in the asthmatic (0.09; [0.05 to 0.23] cm H2O/ml/min; median [interquartile range]) than in the normal subjects (0.05; [0.03 to 0.07] cm H2O/ml/min) (p = 0.04). The asthmatic, but not the normal subjects, had a significant absolute maximal increase in Rp following cool, dry air (0.10 [0.03 to 0.15] cm H2O/ml/min) (p < 0.01). In the asthmatic subjects, baseline Rp correlated with airways hyperresponsiveness to exercise (r = -0.76, p = 0.03). We conclude that the peripheral airways of asthmatic individuals with EIB are responsive to cool, dry air, and may play an important role in EIB.
Abstract 4995: Lung specific target gene inhibition following intravenous delivery of siRNA nanocomplexes
Authors: Jason Fewell, Jeff Sparks, Richard Congo, Gregory Slobodkin, Angela Rea-Ramsey, Casey Pence, Majed Matar, Diane McClure, Jennifer Rice, Elaine Brunhoeber, Leslie Wilkinson, Khursheed Anwer, Kevin Polach
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract RNA interference offers the promise of a new class of therapeutics that can specifically target many diseases that have aberrant gene expression as the root cause. This is potentially true even for diseases that are currently considered non-druggable by small molecules or other conventional therapies. The means to efficiently deliver RNAi based therapeutics into target cells still poses arguably the most significant barrier to overcome for this platform technology. Cationic systems (lipids and polymers) have been extensively used for siRNA delivery and a wide range of experimental approaches have indicated that siRNA specific knockdown in vivo can be achieved using these systems. However, there is considerable concern that the dose levels required to achieve therapeutically relevant knockdown will result in unacceptable toxicity. This is particularly relevant when applied to systemic delivery. To address this issue we have developed a novel core cationic lipopolyamine structure that is chemically flexible allowing for incorporation of active moieties that improve safety, stability, and efficiency, creating a family of functionalized RNAi delivery systems. Here we show that systemic (intravenous) administration of siRNA nanocomplexes formulated with one of these functionalized systems produces significant target gene knockdown specifically in the lung with duration of at least 7 days following a single injection. Administration was well tolerated with no indications of acute or long term toxicities. Detailed biodistribution analysis reveals that siRNA is initially distributed primarily to lungs, liver and spleen, with the majority of the siRNA accumulating in the liver. Lung specific knockdown is explained through the observed rates of siRNA clearance, which are considerably faster for the liver and spleen than those observed in the lung. This results in higher lung siRNA concentrations on the timescale of RNAi mediated transcript knockdown. In a model of metastatic lung cancer administration of siRNA targeting STAT3 resulted in significant transcript depletion in the lungs and a significant reduction in tumor burden. These results support the continued evaluation of this delivery system as a potential siRNA based therapeutic approach for a variety of diseases of the lung. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4995. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4995
Sore Throats: Cultures And Treatment
Authors: Kenneth A. Horn
Journal: JAMA (1974)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The reply to the question on "Throat Cultures in Students With 'Scratchy' Sore Throats" by Evans and Stewart (226:799, 1973) contained much misinformation. One supposes the authors are giving their own personal experience, since no references are cited. The advice to withhold therapy from students with minimal symptoms and positive throat cultures is antithetical to published recommendations. Most, if not all, students of streptococcal pharyngitis have indicated that it is impossible to predict with greater than a 50% accuracy those symptomatic individuals from whom a positive culture for group A streptococci will be obtained.<sup>1-3</sup>Of even greater significance is the lack of correlation between signs and symptoms and antibody responses in those who are group A-positive. Kaplan et al<sup>2</sup>have shown that one third of all cases of pharyngitis in childhood (scratchy throats included) are associated with a positive throat culture, and between 50% and
Meibomian gland secretion in the red eyes of rosacea
Authors: C.C. CORY, WENDY HINKS, J.L. BURTON, SAM SHUSTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1973)

Journal Article Meibomian gland secretion in the red eyes of rosacea Get access C.C. CORY, C.C. CORY Department of Opthalmology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar WENDY HINKS, WENDY HINKS Wellcome Laboratories for Research into Skin Diseases, University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.L. BURTON, J.L. BURTON Wellcome Laboratories for Research into Skin Diseases, University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SAM SHUSTER SAM SHUSTER Wellcome Laboratories for Research into Skin Diseases, University Department of Dermatology, Newcastle‐upon‐Tyne Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 89, Issue 1, 1 July 1973, Pages 25–27, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1973.tb01912.x Published: 01 July 1973 Article history Accepted: 25 January 1973 Published: 01 July 1973
The nanoscale geometry of TiO2 nanotubes influences the osteogenic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells by modulating H3K4 trimethylation
Authors: Longwei Lv, Yunsong Liu, Ping Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Jianzhang Liu, Tong Chen, Penglei Su, Hongyi Li, Yongsheng Zhou
Journal: Biomaterials (2014)
Consensus statement on diagnosis, investigation, treatment and prevention of acute bacterial meningitis in immunocompetent adults
Authors: N. Begg, K.A.V. Cartwright, J. Cohen, E.B. Kaczmarski, J.A. Innes, C.L.S. Leen, D. Nathwani, M. Singer, L. Southgate, W.T.A. Todd, P.D. Welsby, M.J. Wood
Journal: Journal of Infection (1999)
No Response of Hemiballismus To Haloperidol
Authors: Gamber F. Tegtmeyer
Journal: JAMA (1975)

To the Editor.—  A recent article (233:535, 1975) concerning the response of hemiballismus to haloperidol reported the successful control of hemiballistic movements in an elderly patient, with 0.5 mg of haloperidol given four times a day.  Recently, I have had under my care a 66-year-old man in whom hemiballismus developed approximately one week after his condition was diagnosed as diabetes mellitus. The patient's movement disorder was characterized by severe flailing movements of the left upper extremity, facial grimacing, and moderate flailing of the left lower extremity. A brain scan was normal. An electroencephalogram showed some right hemispheric slowing. A spinal fluid examination disclosed a mild elevation of the protein level but was otherwise normal.  The patient remained hospitalized during a three-month period while various medications were tried. Haloperidol was gradually introduced into his program and the dose increased to a total of 5 mg three times a day, with no
Impact of Cataract Surgery With Lens Implantation on Vision and Physical Function in Elderly Patients
Authors: William B. Applegate
Journal: JAMA (1987)

We conducted a prospective study of 293 elderly patients undergoing cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation to determine the impact of the surgery on vision and on subjective and objective measures of patient function. Visual acuity in the surgical eye improved from a mean of 20/100 before surgery to 20/40 four months after surgery; improvement was maintained at one year. Positive changes occurred in some subjective measures of patient function, such as reported activities of daily living and patient report of vision-dependent activities, but these changes were modest. The most marked changes in patient function occurred in objective measures of function. Mental status had improved not quite significantly at four months but significantly at one year. Timed manual performance improved dramatically and significantly at four months and one year. Cataract surgery was associated with improved vision and improved objective function in most patients by four months after surgery, and these improvements were maintained at one year.
Surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass in the elderly.
Authors: L W Stephenson, H MacVaugh, L H Edmunds
Journal: Circulation (1978)

This study included 89 patients, 70-82 years (mean 72.8 years), who had procedures using cardiopulmonary bypass since 1955. Twenty-six patients had elective aortic valve replacement (AVR), with two hospital deaths. One patient who underwent emergency AVR for bacterial endocarditis died of septic shock. Ten patients had AVR and coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG), with one hospital death (10%). Fourteen patients had mitral valve replacement (MVR), with eight hospital deaths (57%). Two died of left ventricular rupture after leaving the operating room, and the remainder died of low cardiac output. Twenty-five patients had CABG with no early deaths. Seven patients had aneurysms of the thoracic aorta, with two early deaths. Six patients had other procedures with one death, making a total of 16 operative deaths in the 89 patients. Eighty-four of the patients (94%) were New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Class III or IV for congestive heart failure and/or angina, preoperatively. Of these, 12 were in extremis immediately before surgery, and six survived. There were 10 late deaths. The actuarial survival rates for one, two and five years for all patients were 69% (40 patients), 47% (20 patients) and 21% (seven patients), respectively. At recent follow-up (mean 20 months) 84% of the hospital survivors were symptomatically improved at least one NYHA Functional Class. We conclude that CABG and/or AVR can be performed in elderly patients with a low hospital mortality and with symptomatic improvement. However, MVR in the elderly carries an unusually high mortality (7.3 times greater than patients less than 70, in our experience), and this risk must be weighed when considering MVR in these patients.
The neurohumoral and hemodynamic response to orthostatic tilt in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: T B Levine, G S Francis, S R Goldsmith, J N Cohn
Journal: Circulation (1983)

Thirty-five patients with varying degrees of congestive heart failure were subjected to 60 degrees upright tilt. Eight of the patients with normal resting hemodynamics had elevated resting plasma norepinephrine levels (PNE) (p less than 0.001), but their response to upright tilt was similar to that in normal subjects: All had increases in heart rate, plasma norepinephrine (from 263 +/- 32 to 483 +/- 78 pg/mg, p less than 0.02) and plasma renin activity (from 4.8 +/- 0.9 to 13.7 +/- 7.6 ng/ml/hour, p less than 0.05). In 27 patients with high resting pulmonary wedge pressure and low cardiac index, resting PNE was higher (668 +/- 71 ng/ml), but PNE, plasma renin activity and heart rate did not increase significantly during tilt despite a fall in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and cardiac index. In 18 of these patients, PNE rose during tilt, whereas in nine it did not change or fell; the resting hemodynamics and the hemodynamic response to tilt were not significantly different in these two groups. These data suggest that an abnormality of mechanoreceptor or baroreceptor function is common in patients with CHF. This abnormality corresponds in part to the severity of the resting hemodynamic abnormality, but among patients with severe CHF, the reflex neurohumoral abnormality may provide independent information about the severity of the disease.
Stella Aleruchi Nduka (née Maxwell-Owhochuku)
Authors: N K Offonry
Journal: BMJ (2006)

​StaffStaff physician Barnet and Chase Farm NHS Trust (b 1958; q Nigeria 1982; DGM), died from lung cancer on 8 November 2005.



Figure 1



Stella's career started at the then new teaching hospital in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, as registrar in internal medicine and visiting physician to the town's overpopulated prison. She arrived in the United Kingdom in 1988 with her children and husband, who was on a Commonwealth medical fellowship. Political unrest in Nigeria prevented a quick return home so Stella embarked on practice in the United Kingdom. In 1993 she became staff physician at Chase Farm Hospital, Enfield, where she remained until her death. She remarkably combined motherhood with the busy schedules of a junior and middle grade doctor, and she returned to work soon after chemotherapy for a month two months before she died. She leaves a husband, Nsirim, and four children.
839-5 Two transgenic animal models expressing human troponin T gene mutations: One exhibiting dilated cardiomyopathy (W141) and the other exhibiting hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Q92)
Authors: Jasvinder Sidhu, Duanxiang Li, Zhinong Wang, A.J Marian, Francesco J DeMayo, George E Taffet, Robert Roberts
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
DEFINING NORMAL LEFT VENTRICULAR TORSION ASSESSED BY 3D ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IN A COMMUNITY-DWELLING ELDERLY COHORT: THE ARIC STUDY
Authors: Amil Shah, Chung-Lieh Hung, Susan Cheng, Kunihiro Matsushita, Kenneth Butler, Suma Konety, Dalane Kitzman, Scott Solomon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hepatitis C virus infection can mimic type 1 (antinuclear antibody positive) autoimmune chronic active hepatitis.
Authors: J M Pawlotsky, L Deforges, S Bretagne, C Andre, J M Metreau, V Thiers, E S Zafrani, M Goossens, J Duval, J P Mavier
Journal: Gut (1993)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been shown to induce anti-liver-kidney microsomal-1 (LKM1) antibody positive chronic active hepatitis, simulating type 2 autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. The cases of five patients presenting with features of type 1 (antinuclear antibody positive) autoimmune chronic active hepatitis and extrahepatic autoimmune manifestations, in whom immunosuppressive treatment had no effect on liver disease are presented. In these patients, HCV infection could be shown by the presence in serum of anti-HCV antibodies and HCV-RNA detected by polymerase chain reaction. These cases suggest the following: (a) chronic HCV infection can mimic type 1, as well as type 2, autoimmune chronic active hepatitis; (b) HCV infection might be systematically sought in patients presenting with features of type 1 autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, with special care in patients who are unresponsive to immunosuppressive treatment.
Weighing the Costs and Benefits of a Sedative
Authors: Hannah Wunsch
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Pathogenic Effect of IgG4 Autoantibodies in Endemic Pemphigus Foliaceus (Fogo Selvagem)
Authors: Barbara Rock, Ciro R. Martins, Argyrios N. Theofilopoulos, Robert S. Balderas, Grant J. Anhalt, Ramzy S. Labib, Shozo Futamura, Evandro A. Rivitti, Luis A. Diaz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Endemic pemphigus foliaceus, or fogo selvagem, is an autoimmune blistering skin disease caused by IgG autoantibodies to a desmosome-associated glycoprotein. We studied the IgG subclasses with autoantibody activity in serum from 29 patients with active disease and in the skin lesions of 18 patients by immunofluorescence, using IgG-subclass-specific monoclonal antibodies. The predominant disease autoantibodies present in all patients were of the IgG4 subclass. IgG1 and IgG2 autoantibodies were detected in low titer in the 29 patients: IgG1 in 23 patients and IgG2 in 9. IgG3 autoantibodies were not detected in the serum of any patient. Direct immunofluorescence testing of skin lesions showed a preferential deposition of IgG4 on the keratinocyte surface. The pathogenic effect of IgG4 was demonstrated by the passive transfer of fractions containing IgG4 autoantibodies from the patients to neonatal BALB/c mice. The disease of the patients was reproduced clinically, histologically, and immunologically in these animals. Only IgG4 autoantibodies were detected by direct immunofluorescence, bound to the epidermis in the lesions of the mice, and by immunoelectron microscopy at the keratinocyte surface. IgG4 has previously been reported to be a blocking or protective antibody because it has poor effector functions in vitro, as compared with the other IgG subclasses. The finding that it is the pathogenic autoantibody in fogo selvagem raises the possibility that it may also be important in other autoimmune disease.
Risk for breast cancer declined after postmenopausal hormone therapy was stopped
Authors: Bruce E. Hillner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

ACP Journal Club16 June 2009Risk for breast cancer declined after postmenopausal hormone therapy was stoppedBruce E. Hillner, MDBruce E. Hillner, MDVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA (B.E.H.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-12-200906160-02011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationChlebowski RT, Kuller LH, Prentice RL, et al. Breast cancer after use of estrogen plus progestin in postmenopausal women. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:573-87. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19196674Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: References1 Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL, et al. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results from the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2002;288:321-33. [PMID: 12117397] Google Scholar2 Horner MJ, Ries LAG, Krapcho M, et al (eds). SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975-2006. Bethesda, MD: National Cancer Institute, November 2008. www.seer.cancer.gov/csr/1975_2006 (accessed 30 Apr 2009). Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA (B.E.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 2 June 2009. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 June 2009Volume 150, Issue 12Page: JC6-11KeywordsBreast cancerCancer treatmentEstrogensHormonal therapyHormonesQuestionnairesRisk managementSafety ePublished: 16 June 2009 Issue Published: 16 June 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...