tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CHEMICAL, CLINICAL, AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PRODUCTS OF HUMAN PLASMA FRACTIONATION. XXIII. THE EFFECTS OF FEEDING POSSIBLE BLOOD SUBSTITUTES ON SERUM PROTEIN REGENERATION AND WEIGHT RECOVERY IN THE HYPOPROTEINEMIC RAT 1
Authors: Paul R. Cannon, Eleanor M. Humphreys, Robert W. Wissler, Laurence E. Frazier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1944)

Because of disadvantages connected with the use of the hypoproteinemic dog for the evalua- tion of the biological potencies of small quantities of dietary proteins, we have utilized the hypoproteinemic rat; the present report describes ex- periments in which proteins of possible value as blood substitutes were fed to protein-depleted rats in order to ascertain their abilities to pro- mote serum protein regeneration and weight recovery.The method is, in principle, a modification of that used by Weech and others (1, 2).Instead of measuring only albumin regeneration, however, it determines regeneration of total serum protein.As we have used it thus far, the method may be summarized as follows: Healthy adult male albino rats are placed on a low-protein, low calorie diet of a protein content usually varying between 1.75 and 2.0 per cent (N X 6.25).The composition of the diet (3E) (for 10 kilograms) is as follows:Carrots, finely ground, uncooked ... Ruffex (Fischer).....
Why Do Alexithymic Features Appear to Be Stable?
Authors: Kirsi Honkalampi, Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen, Antti Tanskanen, Jukka Hintikka, Johannes Lehtonen, Heimo Viinamäki
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2001)

This 12-month follow-up study investigated the prevalence of alexithymia and its relationship with depression in a sample of the general population from Eastern Finland (n = 1,584).Alexithymia was assessed using the 20-item version of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS) and depression using the 21-item Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).The prevalence of alexithymia in each study phase was similar (baseline: 9.7%; follow-up: 10.1%). Mean values of BDI, TAS-20 and subfactors of the TAS-20 also remained unchanged between the study phases. However, by using the original cutoff points, we found that a proportion of the subjects were in a different TAS-20 category on follow-up than at baseline. The mean values of BDI had not changed in those subjects who had similar alexithymia status in both phases, but increased or decreased in parallel with the change in TAS-20 score among all other subjects.Our findings indicate that it is important to use a variety of viewpoints when studying changes in alexithymia status. Alexithymia appears to be a stable trait based on the similarity of the mean TAS-20 scores in separate study phases. However, when focusing on the changes in alexithymia status at the individual level, alexithymic features also appear to be state dependent and strongly related to depressive symptoms.
Effect of propylthiouracil on adenosine deaminase activity and thyroid function in patients with psoriasis
Authors: K. Kose, S. Utas, C. Yazici, A. Akdas, F. Kelestimur
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

T-cell activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis; adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity has been considered as a marker of T-cell activation. The antithyroid drug propylthiouracil (PTU) has recently been shown to have beneficial effects on psoriatic lesions, probably by acting on the immune system.To investigate whether ADA activity may be related to psoriasis and whether oral PTU affects ADA activity and gives clinical improvement in psoriatic patients.ADA activities were measured in plasma, erythrocyte and tissue samples of patients with psoriasis before and after 2 months of treatment with either PTU 100 mg three times daily or PTU plus thyroxine 25 microg once daily (to prevent possible hypothyroidism, which may be induced by PTU) as well as in healthy controls. The severity of the disease was evaluated before and after treatment according to Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. Routine analyses and thyroid function tests were also carried out during the study.All patients showed significant clinical improvement in their lesions and decreased PASI scores after the treatments. Elevated baseline ADA activities in skin and plasma were found to be lower, and decreased baseline erythrocyte ADA was higher, after the treatments in all patients, and they were not different from control values. Although thyroid function tests were not affected by the treatments, serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were found to be higher after the treatments, and there was a larger increase in patients treated with PTU alone. However, none of the patients had clinical hypothyroidism or cytopenia.ADA activity may be clinically useful for indicating T-cell activation in psoriasis. Because of its antiproliferative and immunomodulatory effects, antioxidant potential and low toxicity, PTU may be an effective agent in the treatment of psoriasis.
Benign Histiocytoma (Xanthoma) of the Rib
Authors: JAI Y. LEE, RODNEY V. POZDERAC, ALINA DOMANOWSKI, AGUSTIN TORRES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

A 64-year-old man was found to have isolated focal rib lesion(s) by radiographs and radionuclide bone scan. A biopsy of one of the lesions located by imaging was done. The histologic diagnosis was sclerosing (ossifying) xanthoma. A literature search disclosed that xanthomatous lesions of bone are only one of the manifestations in hyperlipidemic patients. These benign lesions should be included among the causes of discrete hot rib abnormalities visualized on bone scan.
Health Disparities Probed
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nitric oxide produced by ultraviolet-irradiated keratinocytes stimulates melanogenesis.
Authors: C Roméro-Graillet, E Aberdam, M Clément, J P Ortonne, R Ballotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the main physiological stimulus for human skin pigmentation. Within the epidermal-melanin unit, melanocytes synthesize and transfer melanin to the surrounding keratinocytes. Keratinocytes produce paracrine factors that affect melanocyte proliferation, dendricity, and melanin synthesis. In this report, we show that normal human keratinocytes secrete nitric oxide (NO) in response to UVA and UVB radiation, and we demonstrate that the constitutive isoform of keratinocyte NO synthase is involved in this process. Next, we investigate the melanogenic effect of NO produced by keratinocytes in response to UV radiation using melanocyte and keratinocyte cocultures. Conditioned media from UV-exposed keratinocytes stimulate tyrosinase activity of melanocytes. This effect is reversed by NO scavengers, suggesting an important role for NO in UV-induced melanogenesis. Moreover, melanocytes respond to NO-donors by decreased growth, enhanced dendricity, and melanogenesis. The rise in melanogenesis induced by NO-generating compounds is associated with an increased amount of both tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1. These observations suggest that NO plays an important role in the paracrine mediation of UV-induced melanogenesis.
Growth and transformation of the small intestinal mucosa--importance of connective tissue, gut associated lymphoid tissue and gastrointestinal regulatory peptides.
Authors: E O Riecken, A Stallmach, M Zeitz, J D Schulzke, H Menge, M Gregor
Journal: Gut (1989)

It is the purpose of this contribution to briefly describe the three principal mucosal responses to various types of stress and also to discuss some aspects of the connective tissue, the gut associated lymphoid tissue and the regulatory peptides in the control of intestinal mucosal growth and their perspectives in future research as far as the regulation of mucosal growth is concerned
Potent cardiac unloading actions of a new synthetic natriuretic peptide (BD-NP) in experimental severe congestive heart failure
Authors: Guido Boerrigter, Lisa C. Costello, Ondrej Lisy, Alessandro Cataliotti, Toshihiro Tsuruda, Gall J. Harty, John C. Burnett
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Prolonged Coma in Simmonds's Disease
Authors: A. Bloom, F. Wolff
Journal: BMJ (1955)

MEMORANDABIrrLsH tolerating an oro-tracheal airway during this period, the tube being necessary to prevent a valvular obstruction of his larynx by a mobile epiglottis.His post-operation pulse rate rose to between 130 and 140 for the subsequent two days.There was no postanaesthetic vomiting and he made an uninterrupted recovery. COMMENTThe significance of the fact that this patient had been treated with oral chlorpromazine, 25 mg.three times a day, for the fourteen months previous to his admission was not appreciated at the time, and consequently he was given a normal anaesthetic for his age and weight, with the some- what anaesthetically distressing results.The post-operation tachycardia and absence of vomiting are a well-known feature of chlorpromazine premedication.This case suggests that care should be exercised in giving normal doses of anaesthetic drugs to patients taking chlorpromazine.
Role of Nicotinic Acid in Atherosclerosis Prevention—Reply
Authors: Cynthia A. Jackevicius, Harlan M. Krumholz
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Prognosis in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: KATHERINE HALMI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Prognosis in anorexia nervosa is usually expressed in terms of mortality rate and duration of illness. The clinical picture has infrequently been analyzed statistically for features presaging good or poor prognosis. The use of inconsistent criteria for the diagnosis of the disease has made it difficult to compare studies. Using the rigorous criteria of Feighner and associates, we found, in records of patients with this illness seen at the University of Iowa General and Psychiatric Hospitals, 42 that had sufficient follow-up information for analysis of the course of the disease. Demographic and clinical features were evaluated in two prognostically extreme groups (a total of 36 patients): those who recovered and had no relapses and those who did not recover. Onset of anorexia nervosa at an early age was significantly correlated with good prognosis, as was employment in professional and skilled occupations. Factors significantly associated with poor prognosis included vomiting, laxative abuse, psychosomatic complaints, and moderate to severe depressive and obsessive-compulsive manifestations.
THE EFFECT OF SALICYLATES AND ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE UPON THE MISCIBLE POOL OF URIC ACID IN GOUT 1
Authors: Jean D. Benedict, Peter H. Forsham, Marcel Roche, Sidney Soloway, DeWitt Stetten
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1950)

In a previous report (1) were described the results of experiments in which isotopic uric acid was injected intravenously into normal and gouty human male subjects. The purpose was to ascertain the magnitude of the  pool, that quantity of uric acid present in the body capable of prompt mixing with the injected material, and the rate of its turnover. The results indicated that there are some 1200 mg. of miscible uric acid normally present, a finding in accord with that of Geren and associates (2), that between 50 and 75% of this is each day replaced by newly formed uric acid and that this latter quantity exceeds the quantity excreted daily in the urine, suggesting the occurrence of limited catabolism of uric acid in man. In the gouty subjects studied, the magnitude of this miscible pool exceeded the normal levels by as much as 15 fold. Indeed, so large was the quantity of promptly miscible uric acid as to indicate that at least a portion of this material must reside in the solid phase rather than in solution in body fluids.
ABC of sexually transmitted diseases. Genital ulceration.
Authors: M W Adler
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replicates in CD4+ T cells leading to profound T cell loss, immunological dysfunction and AIDS. Determining how HIV-1 shapes the immunological niche in which it resides to create a permissive environment is central to informing efforts to limit pathogenesis, disturb viral reservoirs and achieve a cure. A key roadblock in understanding HIV-T cell interactions is the requirement to activate CD4+ T cells <i>in vitro</i> in order to make them permissive to infection. This dramatically alters T cell biology, obscuring native virus-host interactions. Here we show that HIV-1 cell-to-cell spread permits efficient and productive infection of resting CD4+ T cells without the need for prior activation. Infection is preferential for resting memory T cells, is observed with both CXCR4-tropic virus and CCR5-tropic transmitter-founder viruses and results in virus production and onward spreading infection. Strikingly, we find that HIV-1 infection of resting memory CD4+ T cells primes for induction of a tissue-resident memory (T<sub>RM</sub>)-like phenotype evidenced by upregulation of T<sub>RM</sub> markers CD69/CXCR6 alongside co-expression of CD49a, PD-1, CD101 as well as transcription factor Blimp-1. Furthermore, we reveal that HIV-1 initiates a transcriptional program that overlaps with the core T<sub>RM</sub> transcriptional signature. This reprograming depends on the HIV-1 accessory protein Vpr. We propose that HIV-1 infection drives a CD4+ T<sub>RM</sub>-phenotype potentially sequestering infected cells within tissues to support viral replication and persistence.
Thomas Gann in the Maya ruins.
Authors: J E Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1975)

in this rejection of sex, but it is unwise to overstate this.Indeed practical experience leads one to the belief that individuals with built-in problems seek religious sanction for their prejudices rather than that a religious attitude discourages a healthy sexual outlook.Traumatic early experiences can certainly lead to difficulties, particularly in those predisposed by a low sexual drive.A clear example of this was the young man whose first sexual experience was with a prostitute, an experience, it was arranged, to be shared with three friends for reasons of economy.He was the lucky, or unlucky, companion who was deputed to be first.His inexperience, combined with the encouraging comments of his friends through the closed door, ensured his lack of success and his subsequent impotence.Latent or overt homosexuals may well be found suffering from primary impotence with a female partner.Here too, of course, family background may be significant.As with the other problems already considered, analysis of the problem and re-education to a more healthy regard for sex are most important.Specific stimulation by the female partner may be of value, but it is unwise to expect too much of this approach.Often "like marries like," and a couple may be content to live without intercourse by mutual consent until perhaps their friends or relatives question them about lack of a family.In such circumstances complete success for any form of therapy is rare.Even if successful intercourse and pregnancy are achieved, such couples rarely feel the need or indeed obtain any great satisfaction from their physical relationship.
More Common Sense
Authors: Maurice B. Visscher
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editors:</h3> —Senators Joseph Clark (Pa.), Maurine Neuberger (Ore.), and Stephen M. Young (Ohio) have introduced a bill, S 533, to regulate animal experimentation supported by federal funds. There is a companion bill, HR 4620, by T. L. Ashley (Ohio) in the House. Physicians should analyze the potential effects upon the public welfare of the provisions of the proposed act so that they may give advice to the Congress and the American public concerning it. The bill is ostensibly aimed at improving the treatment of experimental animals. Actually, it is strictly a regulatory measure and contains provisions which present a great hazard to the welfare of the public. Section 1 declares it to be US policy, "that living vertebrate animals... shall be used only when no other feasible and satisfactory method can be used... to ascertain biological and scientific information...." If this policy were strictly enforced, all use of
Case 11-1979
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Richard A. F. Clark, John C. Long
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

Presentation of CaseA 23-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of painful cutaneous lesions.He was well until five years earlier, when he experienced painful swelling of the feet and bouts of "hives" characterized by the appearance on the feet and ankles of symmetrical red, raised spots; the lesions became pruritic and painful and were overlain by a patchy purplish erythema. The episodes occurred most often after he worked outdoors in the cold as an electrician, although a few took place in the summer. The lesions developed over a period of several hours and subsided in one to . . .
Imaging Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in the Alveolar Space and Pulmonary Capillaries of a Murine Sepsis Model by Multiphoton Microscopy
Authors: Koji Tanaka, Yuji Toiyama, Yasuhiro Inoue, Toshimitsu Araki, Yasuhiko Mohri, Akira Mizoguchi, Masato Kusunoki
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)
Regulation of Src homology 2–containing protein tyrosine phosphatase by advanced glycation end products: the role on atherosclerosis in diabetes
Authors: Naoto Seki, Naotake Hashimoto, Masato Taira, Sayaka Yagi, Yuriko Yoshida, Kou Ishikawa, Yoshifumi Suzuki, Hiroyuki Sano, Seikou Horiuchi, Shouji Yoshida, Kenichi Sakurai, Kazuo Yagui, Hideichi Makino, Yasushi Saito
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
The adjuvant effect of Corynebacterium parvum: T-cell dependence of macrophage activation.
Authors: V S Sljivić, S R Watson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

Splenic and peritoneal macrophages from mice treated with Corynebacterium parvum enhanced the antibody response in vitro of normal nonadherent spleen cells to SRBC, but not to DNP-POL. This enhancement was dependent on the dose and time of administration of C. parvum and could be abrogated by pretreatment with carrageenan. Macrophages from T-cell-depleted mice failed to enhance the response, but this ability was restored if the mice had been reconstituted with purified T lymphocytes. Macrophages that are activated by C. parvum are a resident nondividing population. It is postulated that activated macrophages, capable of enhancing antibody responses to T-cell-dependent antigens, arise through a cell-mediated reaction to C. parvum.
Improving Survivorship Care
Authors: Michael Jefford, Penelope Schofield, Jon Emery
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

Our work 1 that was recently published in Journal of Clinical Oncology simply confirmed the prognostic heterogeneity of sporadic desmoid tumors.In this cohort, we were able to distinguish distinct groups with particular forms of evolution.Indeed, as stated in the discussion section, the retrospective nature of this study cannot determine the method of treatment according to risk.However, the findings should help in future prospective studies that take these different prognostic groups into account to clarify the role of surgery (whether its impact on evolution-free duration is greater in low-risk patients or vice versa), the indications for a wait-and-see policy (whether it is more relevant in low-risk patients or vice versa), and the effects of medical treatment before any locoregional treatment is given.With respect to the correspondence by Nishida et al, 2 it seems hazardous to compare our results with those of other studies that have evaluated the response to different treatments, given that our study is not a prospective study that was aimed at determining the value of one therapeutic strategy compared with another.
The Identity of Nerve Force and Electricity.
Authors: Joseph T. Howard
Journal: JAMA (1903)

Washington, D.C., March 9, 1903.  To the Editor:  —Referring to the paper of Dr. J. Emmet O'Brien, page 630 et seq. ofThe Journal, March 7, in which he claims priority as to the identity of electricity and nerve force, etc., I very respectfully suggest that on reference to the Transactions of the Medical Society of the District of Columbia, of Dec. 5, 1883, it will be found that the general principles of his paper have been long since anticipated by one on Electricity and Nerve Force presented by,  Very respectfully yours,
Atrioventricular and Ventriculoatrial Excitation in Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome (Type B)
Authors: HOWARD B. BURCHELL, ROBERT L. FRYE, MILTON W. ANDERSON, DWIGHT C. McGOON
Journal: Circulation (1967)

A patient with an atrial septal defect, paroxysmal tachycardia, and the Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (type B) had epicardial exploration to determine the nature of the excitation anomaly. Right bundle-branch block in association with the WPW syndrome (type B) was evidenced by the late activation (0.12 sec) of the epicardium over the outflow tract of the right ventricle. Early activation of the base of the right ventricle (near the atrioventricular groove at the right border of the heart) was interpreted as indicating an actively conducting atrioventricular muscle bridge (bundle of Kent) in this region. During paroxysms of tachycardia, the ventricular area excited much later than when sinus mechanism was present, and the adjacent right atrium was excited in sequence. This sequence supported the concept of a circus movement, that is, movement from atrium to ventricle via atrioventricular bundle (His) and ventricle to atrium via a muscle bridge (Kent). Injection of procaine into the base of the right ventricle abolished the pre-excitation of the ventricle.