tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
CHANGES IN THE CARDIAC SHADOW FOLLOWING PHARMACOLOGICAL "SHOCK" THERAPY OF SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: Harold W. Sterling, Crawford N. Baganz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1941)

Article1 September 1941CHANGES IN THE CARDIAC SHADOW FOLLOWING PHARMACOLOGICAL "SHOCK" THERAPY OF SCHIZOPHRENIAHAROLD W. STERLING, M.D., CRAWFORD N. BAGANZ, M.D.HAROLD W. STERLING, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CRAWFORD N. BAGANZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-15-3-459 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptStudies of the heart following pharmacological shock therapy have been the object of many research projects. Farrell and Vassaf1reported changes in seven-foot teleoroentgenograms of the heart before, during, and after the insulin treatment of schizophrenia. In five of the six cases treated "there occurred a measurable enlargement of the cardiac shadow. . . ." These authorities also reported that "measurements of the heart were made at various intervals after the cessation of treatment; these showed reduction in the heart shadow to a size approaching that prior to treatment and coincidently it was observed that the favorable therapeutic effects at...Bibliography1. FARRELLVASSAF MJE: Effect of insulin shock on the heart and blood pressure in the treatment of schizophrenia, Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1940, xliii, 784. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. CHANDLEEBURVILL-HOLMES GJE: Clinical and roentgen-ray findings in the study of the heart, and great vessels, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1929, clxxviii, 364. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. FIELD H: Advertisement in Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1940, cxiv, 16. Google Scholar4. MESSINGER E: Cardiovascular changes associated with the insulin shock treatment, ANN. INT. MED., 1938, xii, 862. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication February 11, 1941.Published with permission of the medical director, Veterans Administration, who assumes no responsibility for the opinions expressed or conclusions drawn by the author. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1941Volume 15, Issue 3Page: 459-464KeywordsDrug therapyHeartInsulinLongitudinal studiesSchizophreniaShock ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1941 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 19026: Libman-sacks Endocarditis: Can It Be Clinically Predicted?
Authors: Leonardo Macias, Richard Snider, Michelle Ratliff, Paola Roldan, Rodrigo Rodriguez, Clifford Qualls, Wilmer Sibbitt, Carlos A Roldan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Libman-Sacks endocarditis, characterized by Libman-Sacks vegetations (LSV), is common in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is a strong predictor of stroke and transient ischemic attacks (TIA), cognitive dysfunction, and increased mortality. Accurate detection of LSV may lead to early therapy and prevention of development or progression of embolic cerebrovascular disease. TEE is accurate for detecting LSV, but is semi-invasive. Thus, there is a need for identifying clinical variables with a high predictive value for LSV on TEE. Methods: 76 SLE patients (69 women, 38 ± 12 years old) and 26 age-and sex-matched healthy controls underwent TEE and assessment of demographics, atherogenic risk factors, and parameters of inflammation, platelet activity, coagulation, and fibrinolysis. Patients were also assessed for SLE duration, activity, injury, therapy, and autoantibodies including antiphospholipid antibodies. Multivariate regression and optimal receiver operator curve by Neyman-Pearson lemma were used to determine the best clinical predictors of LSV on TEE. Results: 39 (51%) SLE patients vs 2 (8%) controls had LSV on TEE (p&lt;0.001). In all 76 patients, acute stroke/TIA (OR 50.6, 95% CI = 6.8 - 374, p &lt;0.001) and SLE duration (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.05 - 1.32, p = 0.004) were the predictors of LSV. In 53 patients without acute stroke/TIA, SLE duration (OR = 1.16, CI =1.03 - 1.31, p = 0.01) and age (OR = 1.06, CI = 1.0 - 1.12, p = 0.05) were the predictors of LSV. A recruitment rule of performing TEE in SLE patients with acute stroke/TIA and in those without stroke/TIA if they have a disease duration of ≥12 years or a disease duration ≥5 years and age ≥32 provide high sensitivity (85%), specificity (81%), and positive (83%) and negative (83%) predictive values for LSV on TEE ( Figure 1 ). Conclusion: In SLE patients, acute stroke/TIA, or SLE duration ≥12 years, or SLE duration ≥5 years and age ≥32 provide a high diagnostic yield for detecting LSV on TEE.
Using SELDI-TOF MS to identify serum biomarkers in NSCLC
Authors: Onur Baykara, Nur Buyru, Turgut Ulutin, Nejat Dalay
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide with poor differential diagnosis of the disease and with low response rates to standard chemotherapy. Individuals classified as Stage I by the present clinical-based scoring system may display survival characteristics ranging from 10 to 90 %. Identification of reliable biomarkers to detect NSCLC at early stages is therefore a subject of extensive research. Surface-enhanced laser-desorption-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrophotometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) combines chromatographic surfaces with solid-state TOF-MS for the high throughput analysis of proteins in diverse clinical samples such as serum, urine, cerebrospinal fluids and has overcome the limitations of earlier proteomic approaches. The method has been widely used for biomarker discovery. Therefore, in this study we used the SELDI-TOF protein Chip system to achieve a stratification based on the protein expression profile and to identify differentially expressed proteins in sera from 50 patients with NSCLC and 50 healthy controls. IMAC 30-Cu protein chips were used to fractionate the proteins according to their metal binding affinity. The arrays were analyzed using the Ciphergen Protein Chip Reader PB IIa. The spectra were normalized to the total ion current of the mass to charge between 3000 — 10 000 Da. Protein peak clustering and classification analysis were performed using the Express 3.0 Biomarker Pattern Analysis Software. Several proteins with masses ranging from 2000-20000 Da were differentially expressed between NSCLC patients and healthy controls. Among the peak clusters revealing differences we selected two specific clusters as prospective candidate biomarkers in sera of the patients. High expression of one peak and underexpression of the other with respect to the healthy control sera were evaluated in a blind test in terms of the ability to classify a separate group of patients and controls.
Abstract #LB-291: Quantitative Tomographic in Vivo Imaging of Syngeneic Breast Cancer Metastasis to the Lung and Therapeutic Response
Authors: Jeffrey Peterson, Kristine Vasquez, Sylvie Kossodo
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

Breast cancer is a clinical challenge today, with almost 200,000 new breast cancer cases reported annually in the United States alone. In 10% of breast cancer diagnoses, the cancer has metastasized to distant organs in the body, such as bone, liver, and lung, decreasing the 5-year relative survival rate to 20%. It is therefore essential to develop robust in vivo imaging approaches that can help dissect the metastatic process and assist in the development of effective targeted therapeutic agents. Using imaging and agent approaches that are translatable from preclinical to clinical application forther strengthens the utility of such efforts. To best establish robust imaging measures of the metastatic disease process in a model resembling clinical disease, we used 4T1 mouse breast adenocarcinoma cells injected intravenously into normal, immunologically-competent BALB/c mice. Two near infrared imaging agents, ProSenseTM750, a cathepsin-activatable agent, and AngioSenseTM680, a vascular agent, were injected IV to detect the protease activity and vascular leak associated with aggressive breast cancer growth. Disease-specific fluorescence was imaged and quantified in living animals using the optical Fluorescence Molecular Tomography - or FMT - - (FMT 2500TM quantitative tomography system) system, showing a consistent and significant increase in ProSense signal as early as 7-10 days, with accompanying increases in lung weight (a current standard measure in lung metastasis models). A standard clinical treatment using 5-Fluorouracil/2\#8217;-deoxyinosine (5-FU/2DI) significantly reduced ProSense-related fluorescence in the lung with greater sensitivity than seen with decreases in lung weight. In addition, treatment with a small molecule integrin antagonist decreased both AngioSense and ProSense signal more effectively than seen by changes in lung weight. Quantification of protease activity and vascular leak provided important non-invasive measures of relevant tumor biology for comparison to standard measures of lung weight and histology and also illustrated the efficacy of clinical therapy. These data clearly demonstrate that deep tissue metastatic growth and response to treatment can be monitored in vivo in real time with a near infrared imaging agents and FMT quantitative tomography. The ability to use fluorescent agents operating in the near infrared range also allow the possibility for clinical translation of these techniques.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr LB-291.
Inhibition of plasminogen activators or matrix metalloproteinases prevents cardiac rupture but impairs therapeutic angiogenesis and causes cardiac failure
Authors: S. Heymans, A. Luttun, D. Nuyens, G. Theilmeier, E. Creemers, L. Moons, G.D. Dyspersin, J.P.M. Cleutjens, M. Shipley, A. Angellilo, M. Levi, O. Nüβe, A. Baker, E. Keshet, F. Lupu, J-M Herbert, J.F.M. Smits, S.D. Shapiro, M. Baes, M. Borgers, D. Collen, M. J.A.P. Daemen, P. Carmeliet
Journal: Nature Medicine (1999)
Abstract 9796: Association of Unrecognized Myocardial Infarctions With Impaired Fasting Glucose in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Richard B Stacey, Paul E Leaverton, Douglas D Schocken, Alain G Bertoni
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: It has been estimated that approximately 25% of initial myocardial infarctions (MI) are unrecognized (UMI). The prognostic implications of UMI’s have been shown to be as severe as those of symptomatic MI’s. Risk factors for UMI’s are not well understood. Because diabetes mellitus is known to be a risk factor for UMI, it is reasonable to investigate impaired fasting glucose (IFG) as a candidate risk factor. Additionally, it has recently been estimated that up to one-third of all adult Americans have IFG. Methods: The relationship between IFG and UMI was examined in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA): a cohort of individuals aged 45 to 84 years without clinical cardiovascular disease. At baseline, participants with normal fasting glucose (NFG; n = 4955) and IFG (n=930) underwent a baseline 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Using Minnesota code, an UMI was identified by the presence of pathological Q waves or minor Q waves with ST-T abnormalities. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated. Logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates in 2 models. Model 1 adjusted for age, race, gender, and body mass index. Model 2 adjusted for model 1 + systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, anti-hypertensive medication use, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, lipid-lowering medication use, and cigarette use. Results: The sample was 46% male, 41% white, 26% black, 20% Hispanic, and 12% Asian. There were 72 UMIs identified in the normal fasting glucose (NFG) subjects and 30 UMIs among the IFG subjects. The two corresponding prevalences (1.4% vs. 3.2%) resulted in a crude OR for UMI of 2.26 (95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.47-3.48; p&lt;0.001). With model 1 adjustments, the OR for UMI in IFG compared with NFG was 1.78 (95% CI: 1.12-2.8; p=0.015). With further adjustments in model 2, this relationship remained significant (OR: 1.63 (95% CI: 1.02-2.56); p=0.041). Conclusion: Unrecognized myocardial infarctions by electrocardiogram are associated with impaired fasting glucose in a population without overt cardiovascular disease. Because of the high prevalence of impaired fasting glucose, the implications of this finding may have ramifications for a large proportion of the adult population.
Incidence and predictors of severe obstetric morbidity: case-control study Commentary: Obstetric morbidity data and the need to evaluate thromboembolic disease
Authors: M. Waterstone
Journal: BMJ (2001)

<h3>abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To estimate the incidence and predictors of severe obstetric morbidity. <b>Design:</b> Development of definitions of severe obstetric morbidity by literature review. Case-control study from a defined delivery population with four randomly selected pregnant women as controls for every case. <b>Setting:</b> All 19 maternity units within the South East Thames region and six neighbouring hospitals caring for pregnant women from the region between 1 March 1997 and 28 February 1998. <b>Participants:</b> 48 865 women who delivered during the time frame. <b>Results:</b> There were 588 cases of severe obstetric morbidity giving an incidence of 12.0/1000 deliveries (95% confidence interval 11.2 to 13.2). During the study there were five maternal deaths attributed to conditions studied. Disease specific morbidities per 1000 deliveries were 6.7 (6.0 to 7.5) for severe haemorrhage, 3.9 (3.3 to 4.5) for severe pre-eclampsia, 0.2 (0.1 to 0.4) for eclampsia, 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) for HELLP (Haemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets) syndrome, 0.4 (0.2 to 0.6) for severe sepsis, and 0.2 (0.1 to 0.4) for uterine rupture. Age over 34 years, non-white ethnic group, past or current hypertension, previous postpartum haemorrhage, delivery by emergency caesarean section, antenatal admission to hospital, multiple pregnancy, social exclusion, and taking iron or anti-depressants at antenatal booking were all independently associated with morbidity after adjustment. <b>Conclusion:</b> Severe obstetric morbidity and its relation to mortality may be more sensitive measures of pregnancy outcome than mortality alone. Most events are related to obstetric haemorrhage and severe pre-eclampsia. Caesarean section quadruples the risk of morbidity. Development and evaluation of ways of predicting and reducing risk are required with particular emphasis paid on the management of haemorrhage and pre-eclampsia. <h3>What is already known on this topic</h3> Maternal mortality is used internationally as a measure of the quality of obstetric intervention, although it is now rare in the developed world Hospital based series estimating the incidence of severe obstetric morbidity have used different definitions Estimated incidence of severe obstetric morbidity ranges from 0.05 to 1.09 <h3>What this study adds</h3> With clear definitions and population based estimates of some severe obstetric morbidities this study estimated the overall incidence of severe obstetric morbidity as 1.2 % of deliveries Two thirds of the cases are related to severe haemorrhage, one third to hypertensive disorders Risk factors for severe maternal morbidity include maternal age &gt;34, social exclusion, non-white, hypertension, previous postpartum haemorrhage, induction of labour, and caesarean section
Abstract 14952: Volumetric Echocardiographic Particle Image Velocimetry (V-Echo-PIV)
Authors: Ahmad Falahatpisheh, Arash Kheradvar
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The two-dimensional (2D) echocardiographic particle image velocimetry technique that was introduced in 2010 received much attention in clinical cardiology. Cardiac flow visualization based on contrast echocardiography results in images with high temporal resolution that are obtainable at relatively low cost. This makes it an ideal diagnostic and follow-up tool for routine clinical use. However, cardiac flow in a cardiac cycle is multidirectional with a tendency to spin in three dimensions rather than two-dimensional curl. Here, for the first time, we introduce a volumetric echocardiographic particle image velocimetry technique that robustly acquires the flow in three spatial dimensions and in time: Volumetric Echocardiographic Particle Image Velocimetry (V-Echo-PIV). Methods: V-Echo-PIV technique utilizes matrix array 3D ultrasound probes to capture the flow seeded with an ultrasound contrast agent (Definity). For this feasibility study, we used a pulse duplicator with a silicone ventricular sac along with bioprosthetic heart valves at the inlet and outlet. GE Vivid E9 system with an Active Matrix 4D Volume Phased Array probe at 30 Hz was used to capture the flow data (Figure 1). Results: The 3D particle field was obtained with excellent spatial resolution without significant noise (Figure 1). 3D velocity field was successfully captured for multiple cardiac cycles. Flow features are shown in Figure 2 where the velocity vectors in two selected slices and some streamlines in 3D space are depicted. Conclusions: We report successful completion of the feasibility studies for volumetric echocardiographic PIV in an LV phantom. The small-scale features of flow in the LV phantom were revealed by this technique. Validation and human studies are currently in progress.
Plan B Deferred
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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Abstract 17480: Strain-Time Curve Analysis by Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy - Insight Into the Pathophysiology of Responders vs. Non-Responders
Authors: Andrew C To, Richard A Grimm, James D Thomas, Bruce L Wilkoff, Deborah A Agler, Thomas Marwick, Zoran B Popovic
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Patients who have non-ischemic heart failure etiology, wide QRS complex, and left bundle branch block (LBBB) on ECG show better response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). While it is widely accepted that these patients have the most pronounced left ventricular (LV) dyssynchrony, echocardiographic methods aimed at quantifying LV dyssynchrony failed to predict outcome. We hypothesized that patients with favorable outcome from CRT have a characteristic strain distribution pattern that singles them out of the others. Methods: From 313 CRT patients on our database with long-term echocardiographic follow up, we randomly selected 10 non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients with LBBB who were CRT responders (LV end-systolic volume (LVESV) reduction at follow-up ≥15%) and 9 patients who were CRT non-responders. Longitudinal (ε long ) strain data were obtained by speckle tracking echocardiography before and after CRT implantation, 8±5months apart. Standardized segmental ε long -time curves obtained by averaging individual patient data were compared before and after CRT. Results: In responders, LVESV decreased from 184±74 to 111±63ml and LV ejection fraction increased from 25±9 to 40±11%, (p&lt;0.05 for both). In non-responders, LVESV did not change significantly from 244±115 to 274±113ml and LV ejection fraction from 20±8 to 21±5% (p=ns). Pre CRT septal ε long -time curves in both groups showed early septal contraction with mid-systolic decrease, while lateral ε long showed early stretch followed by vigorous mid to late contraction (Figure). ε long amplitudes are significantly higher in the responder group (p&lt;0.01). Post CRT improvement in ε long is significantly worse in the non-responder group. Conclusion: While CRT responders and non-responders with LBBB and non-ischemic etiology show a similar strain pattern prior to CRT, significantly lower strain amplitudes in the non-responders may account for their poor response to CRT.
Looking forward: Change and resistance to change in the NHS
Authors: D. Plamping
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The NHS is 50 years old. Every government since 1948 has re-invoked its founding principles, but there is less agreement about how services based on these principles should be organised. Alongside remarkable stability in the espoused purpose of the NHS there has been almost constant structural change. Health action zones and primary care organisations are the latest offerings. There is a paper mountain of advice on reforms, restructuring, and managing change. Yet many behaviours do not change. The puzzle is why the NHS has been so unchanging, given the barrage of attempts to “reform” it.

Some things have changed, of course, in as much as complex systems can be changed from outside. Bits have been knocked off and elements have been downsized or re-engineered, but these changes have been resisted by most “insiders.” These insiders have been successfully self ordering so that much of what happens in the NHS is unchanged in nature, if reduced in quantity. During all this investment in managing change, most insiders have not come to want the NHS to be different.

In this anniversary year it may not be enough simply to restate values and purpose. A more fruitful approach may be to focus on the behaviour of this complex system and to try to understand what creates the internal dynamics and maintains enduring patterns of order and behaviour.

#### Summary points

Despite considerable structural change and numerous attempts at “reform,” the underlying nature of the NHS has remained remarkably stable and many behaviours have not changed

This stability could be explained by the stability of the guiding principles that shape behaviour in the NHS—“Can do, should do,” “Doing means treatment,” “Treatment should fix it,” and “I am responsible”

These principles, though once appropriate, may now be reducing the NHS's adaptive capacity

To allow proper reform of the …
Maintenance of retinoic acid receptor alpha pools by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and lithium chloride in all-trans retinoic acid–treated WEHI-3B leukemia cells: relevance to the synergistic induction of terminal differentiation
Authors: Rick A. Finch, Jianming Li, T-C. Chou, Alan C. Sartorelli
Journal: Blood (2000)