tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Use of cumulative mortality data in patients with acute myocardial infarction for early detection of variation in clinical practice: observational study
Authors: R. A Lawrance, M. F Dorsch, R. J Sapsford, A. F Mackintosh, D. C Greenwood, B. M Jackson, C. Morrell, M. B Robinson, A. S Hall
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Use of cumulative mortality adjusted for case mix in patients with acute myocardial infarction for early detection of variation in clinical practice.Observational study.20 hospitals across the former Yorkshire region.All 2153 consecutive patients with confirmed acute myocardial infarction identified during three months.Variable life-adjusted displays showing cumulative differences between observed and expected mortality of patients; expected mortality calculated from risk model based on admission characteristics of age, heart rate, and systolic blood pressure.The performance of two individual hospitals over three months was examined as an example. One, the smallest district hospital in the region, had a series of 30 consecutive patients but had five more deaths than predicted. The variable life-adjusted display showed minimal variation from that predicted for the first 15 patients followed by a run of unexpectedly high mortality. The second example was the main tertiary referral centre for the region, which admitted 188 consecutive patients. The display showed a period of apparently poor performance followed by substantial improvement, where the plot rose steadily from a cumulative net lives saved of -4 to 7. These variations in patient outcome are unlikely to have been revealed during conventional audit practice.Variable life-adjusted display has been integrated into surgical care as a graphical display of risk-adjusted survival for individual surgeons or centres. In combination with a simple risk model, it may have a role in monitoring performance and outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
The Politics of Transplantation
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

Congress, driven by an emotional desire to provide lifesaving therapies to children afflicted with liver disease and by legislators who believe that government should intervene more aggressively to help, is moving rapidly to enact legislation aimed at improving the nation's capacity to procure human organs for transplantation. Although President Reagan has taken the lead in encouraging the public to help secure livers for children whose lives may well depend on receiving an organ transplantation, the administration is opposed to legislation that seeks to address the problem, preferring instead to rely on voluntary action in the private sector.The debate surrounding . . .
Integrating Pediatric Diabetes Education Into Routine Clinical Care: The Families, Adolescents and Children's Teamwork Study (FACTS)
Authors: H. R. Murphy
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

The importance of optimal glycemic control for children and adolescents to prevent the long-term complications of diabetes is well recognized (1). Educational interventions that increase parental involvement in blood glucose monitoring and insulin dose adjustment have demonstrated beneficial effects in specialist centers (2,3). The Families, Adolescents and Children’s Teamwork Study (FACTS) was developed to evaluate a family-centered, structured education program for children and young people that can be integrated into routine clinical care. The small group setting facilitates increased peer group contact for both children and parents and improves cost efficiency, allowing the program to be delivered within existing service …
FTY720, a new alternative for treating blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia and Philadelphia chromosome–positive acute lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Paolo Neviani, Ramasamy Santhanam, Joshua J. Oaks, Anna M. Eiring, Mario Notari, Bradley W. Blaser, Shujun Liu, Rossana Trotta, Natarajan Muthusamy, Carlo Gambacorti-Passerini, Brian J. Druker, Jorge Cortes, Guido Marcucci, Ching-Shih Chen, Nicole M. Verrills, Denis C. Roy, Michael A. Caligiuri, Clara D. Bloomfield, John C. Byrd, Danilo Perrotti
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Blast crisis chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML-BC) and Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph1-positive) acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) are 2 fatal BCR/ABL-driven leukemias against which Abl kinase inhibitors fail to induce a long-term response. We recently reported that functional loss of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) activity is important for CML blastic transformation. We assessed the therapeutic potential of the PP2A activator FTY720 (2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl]-1,3-propanediol hydrochloride), an immunomodulator in Phase III trials for patients with multiple sclerosis or undergoing organ transplantation, in CML-BC and Ph1 ALL patient cells and in in vitro and in vivo models of these BCR/ABL+ leukemias. Our data indicate that FTY720 induces apoptosis and impairs clonogenicity of imatinib/dasatinib-sensitive and -resistant p210/p190BCR/ABL myeloid and lymphoid cell lines and CML-BCCD34+ and Ph1 ALLCD34+/CD19+ progenitors but not of normal CD34+ and CD34+/CD19+ bone marrow cells. Furthermore, pharmacologic doses of FTY720 remarkably suppress in vivo p210/p190BCR/ABL-driven [including p210/p190BCR/ABL (T315I)] leukemogenesis without exerting any toxicity. Altogether, these results highlight the therapeutic relevance of rescuing PP2A tumor suppressor activity in Ph1 leukemias and strongly support the introduction of the PP2A activator FTY720 in the treatment of CML-BC and Ph1 ALL patients.
X protein of hepatitis B virus functions as a transcriptional corepressor on the human telomerase promoter
Authors: Jiun‐Ming Su, Xiang‐Me Lai, Keng‐Hsin Lan, Chung‐Pin Li, Yee Chao, Sang‐Hue Yen, Full‐Young Chang, Shou‐Dong Lee, Wei‐Ping Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

The X protein of hepatitis B virus (HBx) is essential for transactivation of hepatitis B viral and host cellular genes. It has been specifically implicated in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma; however, the molecular mechanism remains unknown. Telomeres, the DNA-protein complexes at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, protect chromosomes from degradation at the terminal regions, fusion with a broken DNA end, and inappropriate recombination. The shortening of telomeres that occurs during hepatocellular carcinogenesis has been well studied. In the present study, we isolated an HBx isoform that resulted in telomere shortening in hepatoma cell lines. We found that this HBx isoform down-regulated the expression of human telomerase by transcriptionally repressing its promoter. To further determine the molecular mechanism, we examined human telomerase promoter and identified myc-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) as a transcriptional repressor of the promoter. We found that the HBx isoform achieved transcriptional suppression of human telomerase by enhancing MAZ binding to its consensus sequence in the promoter through physical association with MAZ.The data suggest that HBx can induce telomere shortening by acting as a transcriptional corepressor of MAZ on the human telomerase promoter.
Herta Julie Altschulova
Authors: Simon Cohen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Former consultant psychiatrist London (b Bratislava 1914; q Prague, Czechoslovakia, 1944; MRCPsych), died from cerebral arteriosclerosis on 2 November 2004.​2004.




Figure 1




Julie was from a medical Jewish home. She studied medicine in Prague and in 1939 came to London. All the rest of her family were murdered in the Holocaust. At the end of the second world war she returned to Prague, but with the advent of communism she came back to England, where she specialised in psychiatry. She was interested in the psychiatry of dermatology and facial pain, and was consultant psychiatrist to the Eastman Dental Hospital, London, and the child guidance clinic in Ilford. In the early postwar years she was a member of a distinguished group of central European emigres, which included the artist Kokoschka and the Nobel prize winning writer Elias Cannetti. She never married.
No news is bad news: patients' views about communication in hospital.
Authors: M Reynolds
Journal: BMJ (1978)

One hundred patients on four general surgical wards in a large teaching hospital were interviewed about the information they had received about their illness and what they had been told about the investigations they had undergone. Fifty-five of them expressed some dissatisfaction and 14 were strongly dissatisfied. The way in which ward rounds were conducted was heavily criticised, but most patients did not object to the teaching of medical students at the bedside. Twenty-four patients would have liked more explanation about why investigations were performed, and 38 though that they had not been told enough about the results of their investigations. This lack of information led to anxiety and fear. The findings suggest that more effort is needed to improve communication between doctors and patients.
Birth Control in Jewish Law: Marital Relations, Contraception, and Abortion as Set Forth in the Classic Texts of Jewish Law
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1969)

The author, a rabbi, examines the relevant precepts pertaining to marital relations, contraception, and abortion in Jewish law as found in the Talmud, Codes of Jewish Law, and rabbinic Responsa literature. He interprets the legal and moral Judaic teaching on such themes as sexual responsibility in marriage, the commandment of procreation, the legitimacy of sexual pleasure, the prohibition of onanism, the problem of irregular sex acts, the historical and legal background of contraceptive devices including the "pill," and the question of intentional abortion. As the author himself points out in his preface, the three alignments of modern Judaism—Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform—differ in their application of traditional Jewish law. This book succeeds in presenting the material in a manner which transcends the position of any one group. Dr. Feldman's exhaustive study makes available a wealth of primary sources on the issues surrounding birth control and abortion. Transliterated Hebrew and Aramaic terms
Selection of Antihypertensive Therapy for Patients With Hypertensive Renal Disease
Authors: Vasilios Papademetriou
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Mycosis Fungoides in Relation to Environmental Exposures and Immune Response: A Case-Control Study
Authors: A. S. Whittemore, E. A. Holly, I-M. Lee, E. A. Abel, R. M. Adams, B. J. Nickoloff, L. Bley, J. M. Peters, C. Gibney
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1989)

Mycosis fungoides is a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma of unknown etiology, thought to be a rare sequela of chronic antigenic stimulation that may occur, for example, with exposure to contact allergens. To explore this possibility, we interviewed 174 patients with mycosis fungoides and 294 randomly selected control subjects in the San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Seattle areas concerning their lifetime histories of employment, chemical exposures, allergy, atopy, and certain medical conditions. Patients reported higher prevalence of cancers other than the non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and skin cancers (relative risk = 3.3, P < .001) and were more likely than controls to burn when exposed to the sun (for nonblacks, relative risk = 1.7, P = .01). The latter difference may reflect a manifestation rather than a precursor of the disease. We found no consistent or biologically plausible differences between patients and controls with respect to types of jobs held, or to occupational or avocational exposures to chemicals. These findings do not support the hypothesis that persistent antigenic stimulation by contact allergens is etiologically important in the pathogenesis of mycosis fungoides. [J Natl Cancer Inst 81:1560–1567, 1989]
ARNO regulates VEGF-dependent tissue responses by stabilizing endothelial VEGFR-2 surface expression
Authors: Hanna K. Mannell, Joachim Pircher, Daniel I. Chaudhry, Stefan K.C. Alig, Elisabeth G. Koch, Ramona Mettler, Ulrich Pohl, Florian Krötz
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2011)

The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) stimulates angiogenesis by induction of vessel permeability, proliferation, and migration of endothelial cells, an important process in ischaemic diseases. ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) nucleotide-binding site opener (ARNO) (cytohesin-2) is a guanine exchange factor important for cellular signalling through ARF GTPases. However, a role for ARNO in VEGF-dependent endothelial processes has so far not been documented. Therefore, we investigated whether ARNO has a role in VEGF-dependent activation of endothelial cells and thus vessel permeability. ARNO expression was observed in endothelial cells in vitro by RT–PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence as well as ex vivo by immunohistochemical staining of mouse aorta. Treatment with the cytohesin inhibitor SecinH3 or with an ARNO siRNA prevented VEGF-dependent Akt activation, assessed by detection of phosphorylated Akt, and proliferation of endothelial cells in vitro, measured by methylthiazoletetrazolium (MTT) reduction. In addition, ARNO suppression reduced VEGF-induced permeability in vessels of the mouse (C57BL/6) cremaster muscle in vivo, as measured by extravasation of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran. Moreover, ARNO knock-down accelerated ligand-induced reduction in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) surface expression, internalization, and degradation, as assessed by flow cytometry and western blotting, respectively. Our findings indicate an important and novel role for endothelial ARNO in VEGF-dependent initiation of angiogenesis by regulation of VEGFR-2 internalization in endothelial cells, resulting in the activation of the Akt pathway, vessel permeability, and ultimately endothelial proliferation. Thus, ARNO may be a new essential player in endothelial signalling and angiogenesis.
DNase I–hypersensitive sites enhance α1(I) collagen gene expression in hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Yutaka Yata, Andrew Scanga, Andrea Gillan, Liu Yang, Shimon Reif, Michael Breindl, David A. Brenner, Richard A. Rippe
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Liver fibrosis is characterized by a dramatic increase in the expression of type I collagen. Several deoxyribonuclease (DNase) I-hypersensitive sites (HS) have been located in the distal 5′-flanking region of the α1(I) collagen gene that are specific to collagen-producing cells. To assess the role of the DNase I-HS in regulating α1(I) collagen gene expression in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), 3 transgenic mouse lines expressing collagen-α1(I) reporter genes were used (Krempen et al. Gene Expr 1999;8:151-163). The pCol9GFP transgene contains the collagen gene promoter (−3122 to +111) linked to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene. The pCol9GFP-HS4,5 transgene contains HS4,5 and pColGFP-HS8,9 contains HS8,9 positioned upstream of the collagen promoter in pCol9GFP. HSCs isolated from transgenic mice containing pCol9GFPHS4,5 and pColGFP-HS8,9 showed earlier and higher GFP expression patterns than HSCs isolated from pCol9GFP mice. HSCs from pCol9GFP-HS4,5 showed the highest levels of GFP expression and culture-induced expression correlated with induction of the endogenous α1(I) collagen gene. After CCl 4 administration, pCol9GFP-HS4,5 mice showed increased GFP expression compared with pCol9GFP mice in both whole liver extracts and isolated HSCs. Several sites for DNA-protein interactions in both HS4 and HS5 were identified that included a binding site for activator protein 1. In conclusion, DNase I-HS4,5 enhance expression of the α1(I) collagen gene promoter in HSCs both in vitro and in vivo after a fibrogenic stimulus. The collagen-GFP transgenic mice provide a convenient and reliable model system to investigate the molecular mechanisms controlling increased collagen expression during fibrosis.
The learning curve for EBUS-TBNA
Authors: N. Navani, M. Nankivell, P. Nadarajan, S. P. Pereira, G. Kocjan, S. M. Janes
Journal: Thorax (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), a malignant soft tissue sarcoma, is one of the most common paediatric cancers. Certain ERMS tumours are associated with the DICER1 syndrome, a distinctive tumour predisposition syndrome caused by germ-line mutations in the microRNA-maturation pathway gene, <i>DICER1</i>. In addition to germ-line <i>DICER1</i> mutations, highly characteristic somatic mutations have been identified in several DICER1-associated tumour types. These so-called “hotspot” mutations affect highly conserved amino acid residues central to the catalytic activity of the DICER1 ribonuclease IIIb domain. Primary ovarian ERMS (oERMS) is extremely rare. We present a case of a 6-year-old girl with an oERMS found to harbour two mutations in <i>DICER1</i>. In addition to the oERMS, the girl also exhibited other DICER1 phenotypes, including cystic nephroma (CN) and multinodular goitre. Somatic investigations of the CN revealed the presence of a hotspot <i>DICER1</i> mutation different from that in the oERMS. Of particular interest is the CN presented at the age of 12 years, which is much older than previously reported age range of susceptibility (birth to four years of age). This report documents both germ-line and highly characteristic somatic <i>DICER1</i> mutations in a case of oERMS, adding to the expanding spectrum of rare childhood tumours in the DICER1 syndrome.
Human stem cell-based three-dimensional microtissues for advanced cardiac cell therapies
Authors: Maximilian Y. Emmert, Petra Wolint, Nadine Wickboldt, Gino Gemayel, Benedikt Weber, Chad E. Brokopp, Alessandro Boni, Volkmar Falk, Alexis Bosman, Marisa E. Jaconi, Simon P. Hoerstrup
Journal: Biomaterials (2013)
IL-1 receptor antagonist ameliorates inflammasome-dependent alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice
Authors: Jan Petrasek, Shashi Bala, Timea Csak, Dora Lippai, Karen Kodys, Victoria Menashy, Matthew Barrieau, So-Yun Min, Evelyn A. Kurt-Jones, Gyongyi Szabo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is characterized by steatosis and upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β. IL-1β, type I IL-1 receptor (IL-1R1), and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) are all important regulators of the IL-1 signaling complex, which plays a role in inflammation. Furthermore, IL-1β maturation is dependent on caspase-1 (Casp-1). Using IL-1Ra-treated mice as well as 3 mouse models deficient in regulators of IL-1β activation (Casp-1 and ASC) or signaling (IL-1R1), we found that IL-1β signaling is required for the development of alcohol-induced liver steatosis, inflammation, and injury. Increased IL-1β was due to upregulation of Casp-1 activity and inflammasome activation. The pathogenic role of IL-1 signaling in ALD was attributable to the activation of the inflammasome in BM-derived Kupffer cells. Importantly, in vivo intervention with a recombinant IL-1Ra blocked IL-1 signaling and markedly attenuated alcohol-induced liver inflammation, steatosis, and damage. Furthermore, physiological doses of IL-1β induced steatosis, increased the inflammatory and prosteatotic chemokine MCP-1 in hepatocytes, and augmented TLR4-dependent upregulation of inflammatory signaling in macrophages. In conclusion, we demonstrated that Casp-1-dependent upregulation of IL-1β and signaling mediated by IL-1R1 are crucial in ALD pathogenesis. Our findings suggest a potential role of IL-1R1 inhibition in the treatment of ALD.
HLA class II allele polymorphism in Hungarian patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: E Endreffy, A Kovács, L Kovács, G Pokorny
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2003)

Genetic thrombophilia was no more prevalent than in the general population.Finally, we confirm that LAC and aCL >30 GPL units are the main thrombophilic factors associated with thrombosis in SLE.The role of free protein S and homocysteinaemia remains unclear.Prospective studies, with serial sampling, are needed to elucidate which others factors may play a part.. . . . . . . .
409 INDICATIONS FOR LIVER BIOPSY IN HBeAg-NEGATIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION WITH PERSISTENTLY NORMAL ALT. REAL LIFE STUDY
Authors: H. Chaouch, E. Ben Jazia, F. Bellazreg, Z. Hattab, S. Mrad, A. Braham, A. Omezzine Letaief
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Changes In Airway Inflammation And Hyperresponsiveness Following Cessation Of Inhaled Corticosteroid In Asthma
Authors: Y. Takaku, K. Nakagome, T. Kobayashi, F. Nishihara, T. Yamaguchi, T. Soma, K. Hagiwara, M. Kanazawa, M. Nagata
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Blood Pressure Recorder
Authors: J. T. Hayward—Butt
Journal: JAMA (1961)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> With reference to the question and answer (<i>JAMA</i><b>176:</b>1060 [June 24] 1961) on the blood pressure recorder, may I draw your attention to a remarkable new machine, the Winston Blood Pressure Follower. (Dynamics Corporation of America). This instrument records electronically both visually on a sphygmomanometer dial and on graph paper a continuous reading of the systolic pressure. The working of it is well within the power of the office nurse as it consists simply of a piezoelectric cell placed over a digital artery and a small "G-Suit" surrounding the finger: From then on it is automatic and the graphical record may be attached to the chart in the same way as an electrocardiogram.
A comparative study of the effects of 1-acyl-2-acetyl--glycero-3-phosphocholine and platelet activating factor on histamine and leukotriene C release from human leukocytes
Authors: M COLUMBO, E HOROWITZ, V PATELLA, A KAGEYSOBOTKA, F CHILTON, L LICHTENSTEIN
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1993)