tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Community acquired pneumonia in the emergency department: Comparison of clinical indication to in-hospital treatment and severity scales predicting mortality
Authors: Rodolfo Ferrari, Fabio Tumietto, Fabrizio Giostra, Sara Tedeschi, Mauro Bernardi, Pierluigi Viale, Mario Cavazza
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction  Severity scoring systems (SSS) are used to predict risk, to help decisions about management strategies. The most notable scales in clinical use for Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the Emergency Department (ED) are CURB65 and CRB65   Objective  To analyze cases in which the clinical judgement to admit and treat in-hospital a Patient with CAP disagreed with the low risk profile established by SSS   Materials and methods  Observational clinical study in the ED of a university teaching hospital, enrolling every adult Patient with CAP related hospitalization in 4 months period.   Results  73 Patients were emergently admitted; 172 resulted in high-intermediate risk class according to SSS. We compared high-intermediate versus low risk groups. The first were higher in mortality, Ddimer, urea, creatinin, CK, CKMB, LDH, NTproBNP, dyspnoea, neurologic dysfunction, need for mechanical ventilation or management in High Dependency Unit; and lower in SpO 2  and rate of antibiotic treatment previously started. When the decision to admit showed discordance between SSS risk profile and clinical judgement, some elements were often involved: social and welfare aspects, chronic diseases, previous treatment failure, laboratory abnormalities, respiratory failure, chest Xrays characteristics.   Discussion  In the ED, careful clinical judgement is still irreplaceable in decision and management processes, beyond the help routinely added by SSS. New studies will define which parameters to develop to increase the value of some pivotal aspects in the triage process of CAP in the ED, to focus on the real need for hospitalization in the single Patient.
A Phase I/II Study of IPH1101 (BrHPP), Specific Agonist of Vã9Vä2 T Lymphocytes, in Combination with Rituximab Re-Treatment in Patients with Follicular Lymphoma. Interim Phase I Data.
Authors: Guy Laurent, Jean François Rossi, Eric W Van Den Neste, Fabien Audibert, Hervé Ghesquières, Steven Le Gouill, Pierre Feugier, Helene Sicard, Sophie Ingoure, Elodie Soule, Sylvie Lafaye de Micheaux
Journal: Blood (2008)
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 non-O139 infection in an immunocompromised patient returning from Spain, July 2009
Authors: W Rozemeijer, L A Korswagen, A E Voskuyl, A E Budding
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

We describe a severe gastroenteritis with non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae in an immunocompromised patient returning from a holiday in Spain in July 2009. Predisposing factors and possible cholera enterotoxin production could explain the unusually grave symptomatology. The patient recovered after doxycyclin treatment.
Abstract 15639: Relationship between Left Ventricular Asynchrony and Coronary Blood Flow Using 82Rb Cardiac Positron Tomography
Authors: Andrew Van Tosh, Ji Chen, Tracy Faber, John Votow, Nathaniel Reichek, Kenneth J Nichols
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: Measurement of left ventricular phase (LVP; time to peak systole/RR interval), is derived from rest gated myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), and used to quantify synchronicity of LV contraction. Increasing LVP indicates worsening asynchrony. MPI studies with PET/CT 82Rb (PET) obtain perfusion data directly during pharmacologic stress, enabling calculation of stress-induced changes in LVP, and myocardial blood flow (MBF). In this study, we determine the relationships between rest/stress changes in LVP, MBF, and conventional perfusion analysis. Methods: 45 subjects (29 men, 16 women, age 68±11years) had vasodilator stress, CT attenuation-corrected, PET MPI to evaluate known/suspsected CAD. Global and regional and LVP were calculated from automated algorithms (Emory U, Atlanta, GA) separating RV/LV blood pools and LV myocardial volumes using factor analysis. LVP was calculated for the 17 standard AHA LV segments, which were then also grouped into coronary territories. Z-score, an index of global...
Standard Nomenclature of Diseases and Operations
Authors: E T THOMPSON, A C HAYDEN
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 253: Arterial Spin Labeling MRI Quantifies the Recovery of Myocardial Perfusion During Infarct Healing in Mice
Authors: Moriel H Vandsburger, Robert L Janiczek, Yaqin Xu, Brent A French, Craig H Meyer, Christopher M Kramer, Frederick H Epstein
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction:  Experimental myocardial infarction (MI) and knockout mice are used to study the roles of individual genes in MI and post-MI left ventricular (LV) remodeling. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) MRI enables the quantification of myocardial perfusion (MP), but is sensitive to variable heart rates and erratic respiratory patterns, prohibiting accurate measurement early after MI. We developed a cardio-respiratory gated (CRG) ASL method that is insensitive to these factors in order to measure MP in mice.   Methods:  CRG-ASL was developed on a 7T MR system. Reperfused MI was induced in 7 mice via 1 hour coronary occlusion. MRI was performed at baseline (BSL) and at 1, 7, & 14 days post-MI. In addition to ASL, cine MRI assessed LV structure and function, and late gadolinium-enhancement (LGE) quantified infarct size.   Results:  At BSL, MP by ASL was 4.9±0.5 ml/g·min. Infarct size by LGE was 43.4±3.7% of LV mass. MP in the infarct zone decreased to 0.9±0.8 ml/g·min 1 day post-MI, and partially recovered to 2.8±0.6 and 3.5±0.4 ml/g·min on days 7 and 14 post-MI (Fig). Increased LV volumes and decreased function were seen by day 14 (Table).   Conclusion:  CRG-ASL quantifies regional changes in MP after MI. These changes likely reflect neovascularization during infarct healing. This method, when applied to genetically-engineered mice, may elucidate the roles of individual genes in post-MI neovascularization.  This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, Mid-Atlantic Affiliate (Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia & Washington, DC).
Traumatic Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: B N CARTER, J GIUSEFFI, B FELSON
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
DYNAMIC FACTORS IN THE AFFECTIVE PSYCHOSES
Authors: HENRY FOX
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1942)

1. The thymopathic factor (manic-depressive constitutional tendency) is one among a number of other dynamic factors in the production of manic-depressive and allied psychoses rather than representing an independent disease entity. 2. Although hereditary and other more or less static constitutional factors undoubtedly play a very definite rôle, their influence is of a general nature. One gets closer to an understanding of the particular patient's illness by studying the way in which these largely non-specific factors have been woven into a personal constitutional pattern.
Abstract 16095: Elevated Heart Rate - An Independent Risk Factor for Mortality in Diabetic Men Even after Use of Heart Rate Lowering Medications
Authors: Sunny Jhamnani, Bhaveshkumar Patel, Pramil Singh
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Introduction: Elevated resting heart rate (rHR) remains an independent risk factor for mortality even after adjustment of traditional risk factors. However very few studies have looked at this association in patients with diabetes mellitus II (DMII) and none have looked at the effect of heart rate lowering agents on the risk. This study was done to answer this. Methods: The Veterans Affair database was used to identify patients with DMII who had an electrocardiogram (ECG) or three sets of vital signs that included rHRs accessible between January 1, 1995, and January 1, 1997. The rHR was preferably derived from the EKGs during the enrollment period, but if they were not available, an average of three rHRs was used. 2209 patients were identified who were followed up for 5 years. The primary endpoint of the study was combined all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality. The secondary endpoint was the all-cause and cardiovascular mortality stratified by use and non use of heart rate lowering medications....
Predictors of long-term mortality after hospitalization for COPD; A Scandinavian multicentre study
Authors: Erik D. Liaaen, Anne H. Henriksen, Nikolai Stenfors
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  The prognosis of patients hospitalized with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is poor, both in the short and long terms, but the prognosis differs across countries and regions. Several risk factors for mortality have been identified. In many countries, smoking prevalence is now rapidly declining, standards of care for patients with COPD have improved, and decreasing hospitalization rates have been detected. In times of changing epidemiology regarding patients hospitalized for COPD, we wanted to examine the long-term mortality after hospitalization for COPD in Scandinavia.   Methods:  This work involved a cohort study of 716 patients hospitalized for COPD in 2005 at three Scandinavian hospitals. Long-term mortality was examined, and predictors for mortality were examined with univariate and multivariate analyses.   Results:  A total of 686 patients were discharged alive. 424 (62%) of the patients died during follow-up. Median survival time was 44.4 months (95% CI 39.2, 49.6). The 2-year mortality was 33%, and 4-year mortality was 52%. Age, previous hospitalizations for COPD, long-term oxygen therapy, heart failure, and thoracic malignancy were significant independent predictors of mortality in a multivariate analysis.   Conclusion:  Long-term mortality after hospitalization for COPD is high, and older patients with severe COPD, frequent previous hospitalizations, concurrent heart failure, or thoracic malignancy are at particular risk. Patients hospitalized for COPD should have thorough assessment of their treatment and comorbidities to optimize further care.
Neurophysiology of chemotherapy-associated physical and mental fatigue: A study of chemobrain.
Authors: H. C. Moore, G. H. Yue, M. Parsons, L. Rybicki, V. Siemionow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e19609 Background: Chemotherapy treatment (CT) commonly results in physical and mental fatigue. Better understanding of the neurophysiology of these conditions should lead to improved treatments. Methods: Women undergoing CT for early stage breast cancer and age-similar female controls underwent neurophysiologic assessment prior to and during CT. Testing at the two time points included a brief fatigue inventory (BFI), brief mental fatigue assessment (BMF), formal cognitive testing including Digit Symbol Coding (DS) and Symbol Search (SS) subtests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale as well as a physical task (PT) requiring sustained elbow flexion with assessment of endurance time and perceived effort during the PT. Electroencephalogram (EEG) and surface electromyogram (EMG) recordings were obtained during the cognitive and physical tasks respectively. To evaluate feasibility in this pilot study, data from the first 12 subjects were analyzed. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to compare findings between controls and patients. Results: Six patients and 6 controls were evaluated at baseline and following 3 to 4 cycles of CT. BFI scores demonstrate a trend toward greater subjective fatigue in patients than controls at baseline (p=0.08) and this worsened with treatment for patients (p=0.05). Endurance time did not decline for either group, although there is a trend among patients toward greater perceived effort after CT (p=0.06). BMF scores are similar for the two groups at baseline; this measure of subjective mental fatigue worsened for patients only during CT (p=0.012). Cognitive function measured by Processing Speed Index (incorporating DS and SS results) remained stable before and after CT for both groups, although there was a trend toward a decline in the DS subscale result for patients with a slight improvement in controls (p=0.06). Analyses of electrophysiologic measurements are underway. Conclusions: CT was associated with significant changes in subjective physical and mental fatigue as well as perceived effort. Objective performance on physical and mental tasks was relatively preserved. EEG and EMG analyses should provide further information regarding differences in mental processing and muscle reserve. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 5132: Positive Emotions and the Endothelium: Does Joyful Music Improve Vascular Health?
Authors: Michael Miller, Valerie Beach, Charles Mangano, Robert A Vogel
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that music may influence physiologic parameters such as heart rate and blood pressure. However, the extent to which music may also affect endothelial function has not been previously investigated. Methods: This was a randomized 4-phase crossover and counterbalanced trial in ten healthy, non-smoking volunteers (70% male, mean age= 35.6 yrs) that included self-selections of music evoking joy [joyful music] or anxiety [anxious music]. Two additional phases included video clips to induce laughter and audio tapes to promote relaxation. To minimize emotional desensitization, subjects were asked to refrain from using self-selected tapes and images for at least 2 wks before each study phase. Endothelial function was assessed by brachial artery flow mediated dilation (FMD) and measured as % diameter change after an overnight fast. Following baseline FMD measurements, subjects were randomized to a 30 min phase of the testing stimulus followed by post-study FMD; they returned a minimum of 1 wk later for the next phase. A total of 160 FMD measurements were made. Results: Compared to baseline, mean upper arm FMD increased 26% during the music phase that evoked joy ( P = 0.0002 ) compared to a 6% decrease in FMD observed after listening to music that elicited anxiety ( P = 0.005 ) (Figure ). Mean FMD also increased 19% during the laughter phase ( P = 0.08 ) and 11% during relaxation ( P = NS ). Self-selected joyful music was associated with increased FMD to a magnitude previously observed with aerobic activity or statin therapy. Conclusion: Listening to joyful music may be a useful adjunctive lifestyle measure to promote vascular health.
Pulmonary tuberculosis with polyneuro-radiculopathy: Not forget Guillain Barré syndrome!
Authors: Amina Kotti, Hafaoua Daghfous, Wafa Bouhawel, Olfa Kahloul, Leila Slim, Fatma Tritar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute inflammatory polyneuro-radiculopathy and known to follow a variety of viral, mycoplasmal, bacterial and chlamydial infections. The association with tuberculosis has been exceptionally reported. We report an unusual case of GBS associated with pulmonary tuberculosis.   Case report:  An 19-year-old man was admitted to hospital with cough during one month and hemoptysis. Chest X-ray showed multiple ring shadows in both upper zones suggestive of pulmonary tuberculosis. Sputum-smears and culture were positives for mycobacterium tuberculosis. Anti-TB drugs were initiated and they were well tolerated. Twenty one days later, the patient suffered acute and progressive legs weakness that ascended to the arms and face with sensory loss and flaccid of 4 limbs. Cranial computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging were normal. Antibodies to nuclear antigens were negative. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed protein 210 mg/dl, sugar 75 mg/dl without cells. Neurophysiological study was consistent with sensitive- motor axonal and radicular neuropathy with denervation. These clinical, radiological and laboratory investigations were conform to description of GBS. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy (0.4 g/kg over 5 days) and physiotherapy were given, with slow neurological recovery. At review 6 months later, patient had completely recovered.   Conclusion:  The pathogenesis of GBS in infective disease is by no means clear. Authors suggested that GBS can be resulted from direct invasion of the nerve roots by tubercle bacilli.
TEL gene is involved in myelodysplastic syndromes with either the typical t(5;12)(q33;p13) translocation or its variant t(10;12)(q24;p13)
Authors: I Wlodarska, C Mecucci, P Marynen, C Guo, D Franckx, R La Starza, A Aventin, A Bosly, MF Martelli, JJ Cassiman
Journal: Blood (1995)
Association of binge eating disorder and psychiatric comorbidity in obese subjects [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1993 Dec;150(12):1910]
Authors: S Z Yanovski, J E Nelson, B K Dubbert, R L Spitzer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors determined the prevalence of binge eating disorder in a self-referred study group of moderately and severely obese subjects and investigated whether binge eating disorder was associated with psychiatric disorders, a history of psychotherapy, a family history of psychiatric illness, or a history of sexual abuse.They interviewed 89 obese women and 39 obese men (body mass index > 30 kg/m2) who were not currently in weight loss treatment, using the Binge Eating Disorder Clinical Interview, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R, and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders.Forty-three (34%) of the subjects met criteria for binge eating disorder--33 women and 10 men. Black and white subjects had similar rates of binge eating disorder. Subjects with binge eating disorder were significantly more likely than those without the disorder to have a lifetime prevalence of a DSM-III-R axis I or axis II diagnosis and to have undergone psychotherapy or counseling. The lifetime rates of major depression, panic disorder, bulimia nervosa, borderline personality disorder, and avoidant personality disorder were all significantly higher in subjects with binge eating disorder. The rate of reported sexual abuse was not higher among subjects with binge eating disorder; however, they were significantly more likely to have a family history of substance abuse. The relative risks for psychiatric disorders were higher in both moderately and severely obese subjects with binge eating disorder than in those without the disorder.Among both moderately and severely obese subjects, binge eating disorder is associated with higher rates of axis I and axis II psychiatric disorders.
Abstract 2602: Elevated Serum Neopterin Levels and Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients with Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Juan Carlos Kaski, Luciano Consuegra-Sanchez, Daniel J. Fernandez-Berges, Jose M Cruz-Fernandez, Xavier Garcia-Moll, Jaume Marrugat, José Mostaza
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Objectives: We sought to assess whether plasma neopterin predicts adverse clinical outcomes in patients with NSTEACS. Background: Circulating C reactive protein (CRP), a marker of inflammation, correlates with events in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS). High neopterin levels - a marker of macrophage activation - predict cardiovascular events in stable angina patients but their prognostic role in NSTEACS has not been systematically evaluated. Methods: We prospectively assessed 397 patients (74 % men) admitted with NSTEACS: 169 (42.5%) had unstable angina and 228 (57.5%) non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Blood samples for neopterin and CRP assessment were obtained at admission. TIMI risk score was also assessed among other clinical and biochemical variables. The study end point was the composite of cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction and recurrent angina at 180-days. Results: Baseline neopterin concentrations (nmol/L) were similar in unstable angina and NSTEMI patients (8.3 [6.5–10.6] vs 8.0 [6.2–11.1], p = 0.54). Fifty-nine patients (14.9 %) had events during follow-up (highest third (%) 21.5 vs 1 st and 2 nd thirds 11.5, log rank 7.341, p = 0.007). On multivariable hazard Cox regression, only neopterin (highest vs 1 st and 2 nd thirds, HR 2.15, 95 % CI [1.21–3.81]) was independently associated with the combined endpoint.CRP levels, however, were not significantly different in patients with events compared to those without events (adjusted HR = 0.98, p = 0.89, 95% CI 0.80 –1.21). Conclusion: Increased neopterin levels are an independent predictor of 180-day adverse cardiac events in patients with NSTEACS.
Dependence of Retinopathy (and other Complications) on Glycaemic Control and on Weight over 5/10 Years from Diagnosis of Type II Diabetes
Authors: B J Boucher, J Tsoumanis, K Noonan, J Holmes
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

Glycosylated haemoglobins and weights were recorded for 200 consecutive diabetic clinic attenders seen yearly for 5 years, 76 of whom were also seen up to 10 years from diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, representing 1380 patient years. Weight fluctuation (> 3 kg) was associated with increased final prevalence of hypertension, macroalbuminaemia and a raised creatinine (P < 0.002) but this relationship was abolished by correction for higher initial weight. Average glycaemia over 5/10 years [itself related to initial weight in women on tablets (N = 53) but not others, and to waist but not waist/hip ratio], correlated with prevalence and severity of retinopathy (N = 200; r = 0.38, P < 0.0006) seen also in the subgroup of patients on tablets (N = 145, P < 0.006). At HbA1 levels > 10.5% an increased prevalence of retinopathy was seen in those on insulin (N = 37, P < 0.001) and an increased prevalence of peripheral vascular disease was seen in men but not women (x2 = 2.87, P < 0.01) as well as in the prevalence of neuropathy. These findings suggest that good glycaemic control is of value in type 2 diabetes and less easily achieved in obesity.