tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
More Potent Than Cisplatin
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 393: Genome-wide molecular characterization of CIMP positive stage III colon cancer using cDNA microarray analysis
Authors: Hongjae Jeon, Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Hyun Park, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Nam Kyu Kim, Minkyu Jung, Kang Young Lee, Chan Hee Park, Sun Young Rha, Hyun Cheol Chung, Joong Bae Ahn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: The CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) is a distinctive subtype of colon cancers, which leads to the loss of tumor suppressor gene functions by epigenetic regulation. However, molecular characteristics of CIMP+ cancers are not fully understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate the different patterns of gene expression according to the CIMP status. Method: 158 patients with stage III colon cancer were enrolled for the analysis of CIMP status. Pyrosequencing was used to examine the methylation status of 7 CpG island loci (p14, p16, MINT1, MINT2, MINT31, hMLH1, and WNT5a) in DNA extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-enbedded specimens. Gene expression analyses of the same samples were also performed using a human cDNA microarray to identify molecular signatures. Result: Among the 158 patients, 31 (19.3%) were CIMP+. Microarray results revealed distinctive gene expression profiles between CIMP+ and CIMP- cancers. Among 57 genes which showed significant changes between CIMP+ and CIMP- cancers, Axin2, the canonical Wnt suppressor, displayed the strongest correlation with the CIMP status (p=0.007). Axin2 was downregulated in CIMP+ cancers compared to CIMP- cancers (p=0.005). In terms of disease-free survival (DFS), tumors with low Axin2 expression showed poor prognosis compared to tumors with high Axin2 expression in microsatellite stable (MSS) patients (p=0.038), while there were no significant changes in DFS of microsatellite instable (MSI) patients (p=0.32). These findings indicate the clinical importance of epigenetic silencing of Axin2 and the subsequent activation of Wnt signaling pathway in MSS colon cancer patients. Conclusion: Axin2 is downregulated in CIMP+ stage III colon cancer patients and the consequent decreased expression of Axin2 is a poor prognostic factor for the DFS in MSS patients. Citation Format: Hongjae Jeon, Se Hyun Kim, Kyu Hyun Park, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Nam Kyu Kim, Minkyu Jung, Kang Young Lee, Chan Hee Park, Sun Young Rha, Hyun Cheol Chung, Joong Bae Ahn. Genome-wide molecular characterization of CIMP positive stage III colon cancer using cDNA microarray analysis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 393. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-393
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia in childhood. A retrospective analysis of 110 cases.
Authors: C.M. Niemeyer, M. Aricó, G. Basso, A. Biondi, A. Cantú Rajnoldi, U. Creutzig, O. Haas, J. Harbott, H. Hasle, G. Kerndrup, F. Locatelli, G. Mann, B. Stollmann-Gibbels, E.Th. van‘t Veer-Korthof, E. van Wering, M. Zimmermann
Journal: Blood (1997)
Antibody arrays for quantitative measurement of phosphorylation
Authors: Neal Gordon, James Graham, Tim Nadler
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

2823 

Intracellular signaling modulates cellular functions and aberrations in signaling are heavily implicated in numerous cancers. Considerable attention has been focused on the development of therapeutic inhibitors that modulate the phosphorylation of important cellular targets. In order to accurately and quantitatively measure the phosphorylation status of target or effector, it is essential to have robust tools that can be broadly applied in the validation of biomarkers and/or the discovery and development of therapeutic compounds. The “sandwich” immunoassay is the preferred format but available assays that measure phosphorylation are limited due to a paucity of sandwich antibody pairs and difficulties in generating appropriate phosphorylated protein standards. We have developed a broadly applicable, immunoassay system for the rapid development of quantitative “sandwich” immunoassays. The approach involves generating capture antibodies to linear peptide epitopes near sites of phosphorylation. The selected epitopes are available to the antibody due to a unique sample preparation method that fragments proteins in the sample prior to analysis. Targeted peptide fragments are captured and an anti-phospho detection antibody is used to complete the “sandwich” and determine level of modification. Internal assay calibration is based on synthetic phospho peptide standards. Our assay system enables highly quantitative, specific measurements of phosphorylation in a multiplexed format. We have demonstrated the feasibility of this approach using the mitogenactivated protein kinase ( MAPK ) pathway that includes extracellular-regulated proteinkinases (ERK1/2). Both mouse 3T3 cells and human A431 cells grown in culture were stimulated with epidermal growth factor (EGF) to active receptor tyrosine kinases and downstream signaling pathways. A time course of site-specific, quantitative measurement of phosphorylation was shown for several proteins in multiple signaling pathways including the MEK/ERK, PI3K, JNK/SAPK and p38MAPK pathways and compared to unstimulated controls. Assay trends were validated by comparison with traditional Western blots . This approach has been used to specifically measure >30 phosphotyrosine sites on various targets and is being evaluated for the measurement of other phosphoresidues.
US doctors' managed care plan folds
Authors: Fred B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

California Advantage, the troubled health maintenance organisation created by 7600 doctors, has filed for bankruptcy. The organisation, a subsidiary of the California Medical Association, comes to an end after three years, three chief executives, and $11 m (£7m) in losses.

At its founding in January 1996, California Advantage aimed to enrol 10% of the state's population, or 3.3 million people. However, it failed to enrol …
Putting Mental Retardation and Mental Illness on Health Care Professionals' Radar Screen
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sleep disorders in morbid obesity who undergo bariatric surgery
Authors: Beatriz Morales, Paola Benedetti, José Manuel Fernandez-Sanchez-Alarcos, Gema Rodriguez-Trigo, José Luis Άlvarez-Sala, Mª Asunciόn Nieto
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction  Insomnia and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) often have been considered conflicting medical conditions, recent studies suggest that these two entities often coexist.   Aims:  To determine the prevalence of sleepiness and insomnia in morbidly obese patients diagnosed with OSA with an indication of bariatric surgery and to assess an association between them.   Method:  All morbidly obese patients in whom bariatric surgery was indicated between 1/05/2002 and 1/10/2006 were studied. Morbid obesity was defined by body mass index (BMI) greater than 40 or between 35-39 kg/m 2  associated with comorbidity. The following variables were prospectively collected and analyzed age, sex, height, weight, BMI, toxic habits, insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness, measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale. All patients underwent nocturnal respiratory polygraphy for the assessment of OSA.   Results:  We studied 145 patients (70% women) with a mean age of 42 years (range 19-69) and a mean BMI of 46±5.9. The prevalence of OSA was 95%. The prevalence of somnolence and insomnia in patients who suffer from OSA was 39% and 28% respectively. There was no statistically significant relationship between insomnia and somnolence (p 0.378). The association between OSA, somnolence and insomnia are shown in Table 1.   Conclusions:  The prevalence of daytime sleepiness and insomnia in patients with morbid obesity with bariatric surgery indication and OSA is high but we have not found a statistically significant relationship between both clinical entities.
Abstract 14637: Influence of Age on Perioperative Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Mortality Risks in Elective Non-cardiac Surgery
Authors: Peter W Hansen, Gunnar H Gislason, Mads Emil Joergensen, Lars Køber, Per F Jensen, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Charlotte Andersson
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background and Aims: Advanced age increases risk of perioperative cardiovascular complications and might therefore pose reluctance to subject elderly patients to surgery. We examined the impact of high age on perioperative major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in a nationwide cohort of patients undergoing elective surgery. Methods: All Danish patients aged ≥20 years undergoing non-cardiac, elective surgery in 2005-2011 were identified from nationwide administrative registers. Risks of 30-day MACE (non-fatal ischemic stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or cardiovascular death) and all-cause mortality were analysed by multivariable logistic regression models (adjusted for major comorbidities, revised cardiac risk index, cardiovascular pharmacotherapy, body mass index, and surgery type). Results: A total of 386,818 procedures were included; mean age 56 years (min-max 20-104), 44% women. In total 1,297 (0.34%) had perioperative MACE and 1,449 (0.37%) died. Odds ratios increased with higher age for both MACE and mortality (Figure). Each 10-year higher age was associated with odds ratio 1.87 (1.78-1.98) for MACE, and 1.86 (1.77-1.95) for mortality. In total of 19,849 procedures were performed in patients 81-90 years of age, and 1,662 on patients ≥90 years. The crude MACE and mortality rates were 331 (1.7%) and 388 (2.0%) among 81-90 years old, and 50 (3.0%) and 67 (4.6%) for those aged ≥90 years. Conclusion: The risk of mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events within 30 days after surgery increased linearly with advanced age. However, despite advanced age the absolute event rates were relatively modest and below 5% even for people aged ≥90 years.
Abstract 18044: Comparison of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc Scores in Predicting Stroke Events in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Laurent Azoulay, Teresa Simon, Sophie Dell'Aniello, Christel Renoux, Samy Suissa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: The CHADS2 score is the most frequently used measure to evaluate stroke risk in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However, this measure does not capture all known risk factors. ...
A lesson to be learnt: A word out of place
Authors: S. Almond
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Some two years ago we looked after a man in his late 40s who had had unremitting pleural pain for several weeks. His chest radiograph revealed marked pleural thickening in the distribution of his pain and he had a history of exposure to asbestos dust. We suspected mesothelioma and told him and his family that this was a possible diagnosis and requested permission to carry out a biopsy.

Neither our patient nor his relatives had heard of mesothelioma, but while he was in hospital and unwell his wife busied herself finding out about the disease. She quickly concluded that the diagnosis of mesothelioma was, unfortunately, likely and that this being the case, she preferred her husband to be spared the knowledge of the worst aspects of the condition. She …
Abstract 08: Daily Energy Intake Distribution And Weight Gain In Women
Authors: Martin Lajous, Emilie Rossignol, Agnes Fournier, Guy Fagherazzi, Beverley Balkau, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Evidence points to an inverse relation between breakfast and obesity. Little information is available on the distribution of energy intake during the day and weight gain. Methods: We evaluated the relation of the distribution of daily energy intake, eating frequency and weight change and weight gain in a prospective study of 61,543 disease-free French women in the E3N- EPIC cohort. At baseline in 1993, participants responded to a validated questionnaire on habitual diet over eight possible daily eating occasions. We calculated energy intake at various moments during the day. Women were categorized according to the energy distribution (% energy of total) for each eating moment into quintiles and according to the number of calorie-containing meals. Self-reported weight was updated on six occasions after baseline, using mailed questionnaires. Linear mixed models were used to evaluate mean weight change and Cox models to assess weight gain ≥5kg. Results: Between 1993 and 2008, the mean weight change was +2.45 kg (SD± 0.2) and 22,808 women gained ≥5kg. After multivariable adjustment (including total energy), higher energy intake at breakfast was associated with a lower positive weight change from baseline, while higher energy intake at night was associated with a higher positive weight change (p-value &lt;0.0001) (Figure). No association was observed for energy intake at midday or mid-afternoon. In multivariable models, HRs of gaining ≥5kg were 0.90 (95%CI 0.86-0.94; p-trend &lt;0.0001) and 1.09 (95%CI 1.04-1.15; p-trend &lt;0.0001) for women in the highest compared to the lowest energy consumption category at breakfast and at dinner, respectively. Conversely, eating frequency was directly associated to weight change (p-value &lt;0.0001) but not ≥5kg weight gain. Conclusion: Higher percent energy intake at breakfast was associated with a lower weight gain, while higher percent energy intake at dinner was associated with higher weight gain. The distribution of daily energy may be important for maintaining a healthy weight.
NHLBI’s New Head: “Unprecedented” Chance to Advance Science to Clinic
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2005)

As the new director of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), Elizabeth G. Nabel, MD, hopes to continue what she considers the important work already supported by the institute, while adding new approaches to keep the NHLBI on the cutting edge of scientific discovery.
Abstract 2072: Chitinase-3-like-1 protein expression associated with pulmonary inflammation accelerates metastasis to the lung
Authors: Stephania Libreros, Ramon Garcia-Areas, Vijaya Iragavarapu-Charyulu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Disseminated metastasis accounts for majority of breast cancer deaths. Recently, elevated serum levels of a glycoprotein known as chitinase-3-like-1 protein (CHI3L1) has been correlated with poor prognosis and shorter survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer. We found that there are elevated levels of CHI3L1 in plasma of mammary tumor-bearing mice. However, the biological and physiological functions of CHI3L1 are still unclear. We previously found that CHI3L1 has an inhibitory role on the expression of interferon-gamma, and in up-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators such MCP-1, IL-8 and MMP-9 all of which contribute towards tumor growth and metastasis. In determining the cause of high levels of CHI3L1 in plasma, we found that in addition to tumor cells, splenic macrophages and more interestingly pulmonary macrophages from mammary tumor bearers secrete high levels of CHI3L1. Additionally, allergic mice also expressed higher levels of CHI3L1 in circulation and lung tissue. More specifically, CD11b+Ly6C+ cells from the lungs of allergic mice produced higher amounts of CHI3L1 compared to control mice. We have previously established that pulmonary myeloid cells through their production of CHI3L1 set up the proper microenvironment for growth of incoming mammary tumor cells. Thus, we hyphothesize that CHI3L1 levels in the lungs of mice with allergic pulmonary inflammation could accelerate metatstasis. To understand the role of CHI3L1 in accelerating pulmonary metastasis, pulmonary inflammation was induced by sensitization with ragweed allergen. Allergic mice implanted with either 4T1 or 67NR mammary tumors had a 5-fold increase in tumor volume, and formation of metastatic foci in their lungs compared to control mammary tumor bearers. Further, allergic mice showed accelerated tumor growth and shorter survival. In contrast, CHI3L1 null mice showed decreased tumor volume and metastasis, and increased survival compared to control mice. In vivo administration of chitin (β-(1-4)-poly-N-acetyl D-glucosamine) microparticles, the ligand for CHI3L1, to control and allergic mammary tumor bearers resulted in a significant reduction in pulmonary metastasis and tumor growth. These studies suggest that CHI3L1 plays a role in tumor progression and that chitin microparticles can inhibit the pleiotropic effects of CHI3L1 giving support to the idea that CHI3L1 is a useful target for treatment of breast cancer. Citation Format: Stephania Libreros, Ramon Garcia-Areas, Vijaya Iragavarapu-Charyulu. Chitinase-3-like-1 protein expression associated with pulmonary inflammation accelerates metastasis to the lung. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2072. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2072
Neuropeptide Y1Receptor NPY1R
Authors: Lei Wang, Fangwen Rao, Kuixing Zhang, Manjula Mahata, Juan L. Rodriguez-Flores, Maple M. Fung, Jill Waalen, Myles G. Cockburn, Bruce A. Hamilton, Sushil K. Mahata, Daniel T. O'Connor
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Capsule Endoscopy for the Evaluation of Patients with Chronic Abdominal Pain
Authors: E Bardan, M Nadler, Y Chowers, H Fidder, S Bar-Meir
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Background and Study Aims: Chronic abdominal pain is a common complaint and in many patients even an extensive work-up does not reveal the cause for the pain. Given Imaging wireless capsule endoscopy is a new method for visualization of the entire small bowel. The aim of our study was to determine the role of capsule endoscopy in the evaluation of patients with unexplained chronic abdominal pain.Patients and Methods: 20 patients with chronic abdominal pain of 6 - 96 months' duration were enrolled in the study. They had had an extensive diagnostic work-up which was negative. Capsule endoscopy was performed in all patientsResults: Imaging of the small intestine was excellent and the colon was reached in 16 patients. In 14 patients the study was completely normal; in six patients the procedure revealed findings which were considered to be clinically insignificant. All patients tolerated the capsule well and had no adverse effects.Conclusion: Capsule endoscopy did not seem to have any significant clinical value in the evaluation of our patients with obscure chronic abdominal pain.
Abstract 12842: Both Hyponatremia and Elevated Plasma Renin Activity Are Independent and Additive Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients With Angiographically Proven Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): The Intermountain Heart Collaborative Study
Authors: Tami L Bair, Jeffrey L Anderson, Heidi T May, Benjamin D Horne, Joseph B Muhlestein
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Several studies have documented an increased risk of future major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) among CAD patients with elevated baseline plasma renin activity (PRA). One of the proposed mechanisms of elevated PRA is sodium depletion - hyponatremia. However, the relationship between PRA and hyponatremia is not well defined. Methods: A total of 1,781 pts with angiographic CAD (&gt;50% stenosis) enrolled in the Intermountain Heart Collaborative Study were evaluated. Pts were excluded if they had a history of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) &lt;45% or were discharged on beta blocker therapy. Baseline sodium levels were stratified between low (&lt;135 mm/L) and normal (≥135 mm/L), and PRA between elevated (&gt;2.3 ng/ml/h) and low (≤2.3 ng/ml/h) risk categories. The independent associations between these categories and MACE (death, MI, HF hospitalization, stroke and new onset renal failure) at five years were determined by multivariable Cox hazard regression analysis. Results: The mean pt age was 65.5 years; most pts were men (73.2%) and hypertensive (70.4%). Overall, PRA was elevated in 940 (52.8%) of the pts and sodium was low in 42 (2.4%) of the pts. The prevalence of elevated PRA was greater among pts with low sodium (66.7% versus 52.4% [p=0.07]). Five-year incidence of MACE was higher among pts with low sodium (61.9% versus 40.7%, p=0.006) and also among those with elevated PRA (43.7% versus 38.3%, p=0.02). After adjustment for baseline characteristics, among pts with low sodium, elevated PRA did not predict an increase in MACE (adjusted hazard ratio (HR)=0.72, p=0.53). However, among those with normal sodium, elevated PRA trended toward an association with MACE (HR=1.14, p=0.08). Conclusion: Among stable pts with angiographically documented CAD, both hyponatremia and elevated PRA are independently associated with future adverse cardiovascular events, although much of the adverse effect of elevated PRA may be explained by the concomitant presence of hyponatremia. The underlying physiology of these findings and its potential implications to future medical management of these pts deserves further study.