tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MicroRNA-687 Induced by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 Targets Phosphatase and Tensin Homolog in Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Kirti Bhatt, Qingqing Wei, Navjotsingh Pabla, Guie Dong, Qing-Sheng Mi, Mingyu Liang, Changlin Mei, Zheng Dong
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2015)

Ischemia-reperfusion injury contributes to tissue damage and organ failure in clinical settings, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive and effective therapies are still lacking. Here, we identified microRNA 687 (miR-687) as a key regulator and therapeutic target in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. We show that miR-687 is markedly upregulated in the kidney during renal ischemia-reperfusion in mice and in cultured kidney cells during hypoxia. MiR-687 induction under these conditions was mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). Upon induction in vitro, miR-687 repressed the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and facilitated cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Blockade of miR-687 preserved PTEN expression and attenuated cell cycle activation and renal apoptosis, resulting in protection against kidney injury in mice. Collectively, these results unveil a novel HIF-1/miR-687/PTEN signaling pathway in ischemia-reperfusion injury that may be targeted for therapy.
Extensive Soft Tissue Uptake of Technetium-99m MDP in a Patient with Breast Cancer
Authors: ANTHONY P. YUDD, P TODD MAKLER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1985)

Increased soft tissue accumulation due to lymphedema in an upper extremity has been reported in breast cancer patients. Lymphedema of the chest wall has not, to our knowledge, been reported previously as a cause of an abnormal scan.
Experts cite paralysis of asbestos exposure control efforts
Authors: J. Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Points of disagreement
Authors: C. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Here in Auchendreich we take change in our stride. Over the past few years we have embraced progress in all its forms: the consolidation of our acute services, the rationalisation of the accident and emergency units, the downsizing of long term care provision, and even the controversial distillery sponsorship of the Greater Auchendreich Health Board's health education programme. The profession locally has accepted all this as a necessary and courageous reshaping of our health care industry to meet its challenging new environment.

Working happily together, medicine and management are determined to deliver the best possible services to the people of Auchendreich. Last week, however, a …
Type II hyperprolinemia. Delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase deficiency in cultured skin fibroblasts and circulating lymphocytes.
Authors: D Valle, S I Goodman, D A Applegarth, V E Shih, J M Phang
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

Type II hyperprolinemia is an inherited abnormality in amino acid metabolism characterized by elevated plasma proline concentrations, iminoglycinuria, and the urinary excretion of delta1-pyrroline compounds. To define the enzymologic defect of this biochemical disorder, we developed a specific, sensitive radioisotopic assay for the proline degradative enzyme delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase. Using this assay, we have shown an absence of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase activity in the cultured fibroblasts from three patients with type II hyperprolinemia. We confirmed this result on cultured cells by demonstrating a similar absence of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase activity in extracts prepared from the peripheral leukocytes of these patients. Additionally, we found significantly decreased levels of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase activity in the leukocyte extracts from five obligate heterozygotes for type II hyperprolinemia. We also demonstrated a reduction in leukocyte delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase activity in three successive generations of a family. These results prove that an absence of delta1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid dehydrogenase is the enzymologic defect in type II hyperprolinemia and that this defect is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion.
Embedding siRNA sequences targeting Apolipoprotein B100 in shRNA and miRNA scaffolds results in differential processing and in vivo efficacy
Authors: Piotr Maczuga, Jacek Lubelski, Richard van Logtenstein, Florie Borel, Bas Blits, Erwin Fakkert, Adalberto Costessi, Derek Butler, Sander van Deventer, Harald Petry, Annemart Koornneef, Pavlina Konstantinova
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

Overexpression of short hairpin RNA (shRNA) often causes cytotoxicity and using microRNA (miRNA) scaffolds can circumvent this problem. In this study, identically predicted small interfering RNA (siRNA) sequences targeting apolipoprotein B100 (siApoB) were embedded in shRNA (shApoB) or miRNA (miApoB) scaffolds and a direct comparison of the processing and long-term in vivo efficacy was performed. Next generation sequencing of small RNAs originating from shApoB- or miApoB-transfected cells revealed substantial differences in processing, resulting in different siApoB length, 5' and 3' cleavage sites and abundance of the guide or passenger strands. Murine liver transduction with adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors expressing shApoB or miApoB resulted in high levels of siApoB expression associated with strong decrease of plasma ApoB protein and cholesterol. Expression of miApoB from the liver-specific LP1 promoter was restricted to the liver, while the H1 promoter-expressed shApoB was ectopically present. Delivery of 1 × 10(11) genome copies AAV-shApoB or AAV-miApoB led to a gradual loss of ApoB and plasma cholesterol inhibition, which was circumvented by delivering a 20-fold lower vector dose. In conclusion, incorporating identical siRNA sequences in shRNA or miRNA scaffolds results in differential processing patterns and in vivo efficacy that may have serious consequences for future RNAi-based therapeutics.
A Spectrum of SPECT/CT Image Fusion Applications in Daily Clinical Practice
Authors: Stephen B. Hobbs, Bryan W. Hamon, M. Elizabeth Oates
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

Direct multimodality image correlation optimizes interpretation and diagnostic confidence, thereby enriching the radiologist's role in guiding clinical management. The primary advantages of SPECT/CT image fusion are more accurate identification and localization of disease and improved specificity. As illustrated here, software-based SPECT/CT image fusion enhances diagnosis for a variety of clinical presentations using the armamentarium of common radiopharmaceuticals, but without the costs of hybrid systems.
Heparanase powers a chronic inflammatory circuit that promotes colitis-associated tumorigenesis in mice
Authors: Immanuel Lerner, Esther Hermano, Eyal Zcharia, Dina Rodkin, Raanan Bulvik, Victoria Doviner, Ariel M. Rubinstein, Rivka Ishai-Michaeli, Ruth Atzmon, Yoav Sherman, Amichay Meirovitz, Tamar Peretz, Israel Vlodavsky, Michael Elkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2011)

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that is closely associated with colon cancer. Expression of the enzyme heparanase is clearly linked to colon carcinoma progression, but its role in UC is unknown. Here we demonstrate for what we believe to be the first time the importance of heparanase in sustaining the immune-epithelial crosstalk underlying colitis-associated tumorigenesis. Using histological specimens from UC patients and a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate–induced colitis, we found that heparanase was constantly overexpressed and activated throughout the disease. We demonstrate, using heparanase-overexpressing transgenic mice, that heparanase overexpression markedly increased the incidence and severity of colitis-associated colonic tumors. We found that highly coordinated interactions between the epithelial compartment (contributing heparanase) and mucosal macrophages preserved chronic inflammatory conditions and created a tumor-promoting microenvironment characterized by enhanced NF-κB signaling and induction of STAT3. Our results indicate that heparanase generates a vicious cycle that powers colitis and the associated tumorigenesis: heparanase, acting synergistically with the intestinal flora, stimulates macrophage activation, while macrophages induce production (via TNF-α–dependent mechanisms) and activation (via secretion of cathepsin L) of heparanase contributed by the colon epithelium. Thus, disruption of the heparanase-driven chronic inflammatory circuit is highly relevant to the design of therapeutic interventions in colitis and the associated cancer.
Contralateral Prophylactic Mastectomy for Breast Cancer
Authors: Steven J. Katz, Monica Morrow
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Can arterial catheterisation induce autoimmune disease?
Authors: R M Cabral Susano, L C Montero, F A Fierro, J M Mosquera
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1993)

<h3>Abstract</h3> New technologies for constructing and editing genomes are facilitating the creation of organisms with novel properties, but these organisms often suffer from phenotypic defects due to suboptimal design or mutations that arise during construction. While laboratory evolution has traditionally been used to optimize complex phenotypes, multiplex genome editing can complement and direct evolutionary approaches by creating combinatorial variants of specific allelic changes. Here, we present a method for identifying genomic modifications that optimize complex phenotypes by combining multiplex genome engineering and predictive modeling. We applied our method to the 63-codon <i>E. coli</i> strain C321.∆A, which has 676 mutations relative to its wild-type ancestor, and identified six single nucleotide mutations that together recover 59% of the fitness defect exhibited by the strain. The resulting optimized strain, C321.DA.opt, is an improved chassis for production of proteins containing non-standard amino acids. We show how multiple cycles of multiplex automated genome engineering (MAGE) and inexpensive sequencing can generate rich genotypic and phenotypic diversity that can be combined with linear regression techniques to quantify individual allelic effects. We find that our model-guided approach is less susceptible to bias from population dynamics and recombination efficiency, can be effectively used on sets of over 100 target alleles, and can additionally identify beneficial <i>de novo</i> mutations arising in the background of a targeted approach. Beyond improving engineered genomes, our work provides a proof-of-principle approach for high-throughput quantification of allelic effects that could be used with any method for generating targeted genotypic diversity.
The Mammalian Brain rsec6/8 Complex
Authors: Shu-Chan Hsu, Anthony E Ting, Christopher D Hazuka, Svend Davanger, James W Kenny, Yun Kee, Richard H Scheller
Journal: Neuron (1996)

rsec6 and rsec8 are two components of a 17S complex in mammalian brain that is homologous to the yeast 834 kDa Sec6/8/15 complex which is essential for exocytosis. Purification and partial amino acid sequencing of the mammalian rsec6/8 complex reveals that it is composed of eight novel proteins with a combined molecular weight of 743 kDa. The complex is broadly expressed in brain and displays a plasma membrane localization in nerve terminals. Membrane associated rsec6/8 complex coimmunoprecipitates with syntaxin, a plasma membrane protein critical for neurotransmission. These data suggest a role for the mammalian rsec6/8 complex in neurotransmitter release via interactions with the core vesicle docking and fusion apparatus.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE RECENT PROGRESS OF SURGERY
Authors: J. Miller
Journal: BMJ (1853)

A RETROSPECT of the advance of surgery during the past thirty years may be attempted in two ways; first, by enter- ing upon the details, seriatim, of what may seem the most prominent and important improvements in its practice; or, secondly, by classing these improvements into groups; and so taking a more general and comprehensive, and probably safer view of the subject.AWhile the latter plan is prefer- able, it will, nevertheless, be necessary to adopt both methods, briefly, in the present instance.And first, as to the cateloque raisonnfe.1. INJURIES OF THE HEAD.Within the last thirty years, these have become better understood in their nature and risks, and are more successfully treated.The use of the trephine has been limited in ordinary fracture, even with
THE ADMISSION OF PATIENTS TO HOSPITALS FOR MENTAL DISEASES
Authors: GUSTAV ASCHAFFENBURG
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1942)

The experience in Cologne and other places teaches us that free admission to mental hospitals without delay, without formality, without papers, has proved its workability. It serves best the interests both of the patient and the public. It is the best way to eliminate once and—we may hope—for ever the prejudices against the mentally ill and the hospitals as well as against the psychiatrists.
High-risk alpha-human papillomavirus types: Detection in HIV-infected children with acquired epidermodysplasia verruciformis
Authors: Asunción Vicente, Ignasi Pau-Charles, Maria Antonia González-Enseñat, Carmen Muñoz-Almagro, Mari P. Cañadas, Antoni Noguera-Julian, Claudia Fortuny
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2013)
Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor γ as a Molecular Target of Resveratrol-Induced Modulation of Polyamine Metabolism
Authors: Sandra Ulrich, Stefan M. Loitsch, Oliver Rau, Andreas von Knethen, Bernhard Brüne, Manfred Schubert-Zsilavecz, Jürgen M. Stein
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Previous results indicate that the polyphenol resveratrol inhibits cell growth of colon carcinoma cells via modulation of polyamine metabolic key enzymes. The aim of this work was to specify the underlying molecular mechanisms and to identify a possible role of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Cell growth was determined by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and crystal violet staining. Protein levels were examined by Western blot analysis. Spermine/spermidine acetyltransferase (SSAT) activity was determined by a radiochemical assay. PPARγ ligand–dependent transcriptional activity was measured by a luciferase assay. A dominant-negative PPARγ mutant was transfected in Caco-2 cells to suppress PPARγ-mediated functions. Resveratrol inhibits cell growth of both Caco-2 and HCT-116 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P &amp;lt; 0.001). In contrast to Caco-2-wild type cells (P &amp;lt; 0.05), resveratrol failed to increase SSAT activity in dominant-negative PPARγ cells. PPARγ involvement was further confirmed via ligand-dependent activation (P &amp;lt; 0.01) as well as by induction of cytokeratin 20 (P &amp;lt; 0.001) after resveratrol treatment. Coincubation with SB203580 abolished SSAT activation significantly in Caco-2 (P &amp;lt; 0.05) and HCT-116 (P &amp;lt; 0.01) cells. The involvement of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was further confirmed by a resveratrol-mediated phosphorylation of p38 protein in both cell lines. Resveratrol further increased the expression of PPARγ coactivator PGC-1α (P &amp;lt; 0.05) as well as SIRT1 (P &amp;lt; 0.01) in a dose-dependent manner after 24 hours of incubation. Based on our findings, p38 MAPK and transcription factor PPARγ can be considered as molecular targets of resveratrol in the regulation of cell proliferation and SSAT activity, respectively, in a cell culture model of colon cancer. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(14): 7348-54)
THE RADIATION TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT DISEASE
Authors: O. Chance
Journal: BMJ (1933)

Carcinomta of Parotid-.Six 'were operated upon without operative death.Two were alive and well after three years, and also at the end of five years.Carcinoma of Stomiiach.-Out of 132 cases only eighteen were found suitable for operation.Eight died of the opera- tion, two were alive at the end of three years and also at the end of five years.Carcinoma of Cloon -Out of seventy-eight cases thirty-eight were submitted to operation., of whom eleven died.Sixteen were free from the disease at the end of three years, and thirteen at the end of five years.Carcinoma of Rectum.-Out of 123 cases twenty-eight only
Abstract 4559: A novel rotational Raman imaging device for early cancer detection
Authors: Ellis Garai, Cristina Zavaleta
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract A novel Raman imaging device that is capable of rotationally scanning hollow structures has been developed to be used in conjunction with tumor targeting Surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) nanoparticles. SERS nanoparticles can act as excellent contrast agents in that they offer ultra high sensitivity, and multiplexing capabilities due to the unique spectral signatures associated with them. One key advantage of multiplexing includes the ability to utilize several targeted SERS probes to target and localize a multitude of unique biomarkers associated with a specific disease, and effectively increasing cancer specificity. The device can potentially be used to distinguish a variety of tissues of interest in the colon such as: flat lesions, varying types of adenomas and carcinomas. There are also applications beyond the colon, such as the esophagus, stomach, oral cavity and bladder. In addition, multiplexing can allow for real-time functional imaging. A 45-degree scanning mirror, actuated with micromotor, is used to perform circumferential scans of the lumen of the colon at a rate of 1 revolution per second and a spatial resolution or approximately 1.5 mm. The device is able to be used with currently available endoscopes by inserting it into the working channel of an endoscope. The use of many (36) multi-mode fibers is used to increase the flexibility of the fiber bundle so that it can be inserted and used in a fully articulating endoscope while still being able to collect a sufficient amount scattered Raman light. When in the circumferential scanning mode, American National Standards Institute (ANSI) regulations will allow us to increase the laser illumination power to about 580 mW, resulting in a detection limit of approximately 1 pM of SERS nanoparticles. One of the key features of our Raman device is that it has been designed for efficient use over a wide range of working distances. This is necessary to accommodate for imperfect centering of the device within the colon, as well as variable working distances due to folds and bends within the colon. These techniques could allow endoscopists to distinguish between normal and cancerous tissues instantly, as well as to identify flat lesions that are easily missed during conventional screening endoscopy. After a suspicious region has been identified, the rotating mirror can be held at a certain angle, and used to help guide biopsies or resection of tissues in real-time. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4559. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4559
Peer Review in the Balance
Authors: Gregory D. Curfman, Stephen Morrissey, George J. Annas, Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

For many years, the editors of the Journal have relied on peer review to ensure the scientific quality of the articles that we publish. Of the thousands of manuscripts submitted to the Journal each year, we publish about 1 in 20. To aid us in selecting those manuscripts, we seek advice from thousands of peer reviewers. Confidential peer review is a key component of our manuscript selection process. We were therefore concerned when in May 2007 lawyers for the pharmaceutical company Pfizer served us with a subpoena demanding that the Journal produce peer-review and other editorial documents on all manuscripts . . .
Users' guides to the medical literature. III. How to use an article about a diagnostic test. B. What are the results and will they help me in caring for my patients? The Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group
Authors: R. Jaeschke
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>CLINICAL SCENARIO</h3> You are back where we put you in the previous article<sup>1</sup>on diagnostic tests in this series on how to use the medical literature: in the library studying an article that will guide you in interpreting ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) lung scans. Using the criteria in Table 1, you have decided that the Prospective Investigation of Pulmonary Diagnosis (PIOPED) study<sup>2</sup>will provide you with valid information. Just then, another physician comes looking for an article to help with the interpretation of V/Q scanning. Her patient is a 28-year-old man whose acute onset of shortness of breath and vague chest pain began shortly after completing a 10-hour auto trip. He experienced several episodes of similar discomfort in the past, but none this severe, and is very apprehensive about his symptoms. After a normal physical examination, electrocardiogram and chest radiograph, and blood gas measurements that show a Pco<sub>2</sub>of