tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 469: Functional imaging of the hypoxic tumor microenvironment in metastatic progression
Authors: Pablo Iglesias, Maximo Fraga, Jose A. Costoya
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract In the last years, the need for visualization of tumoral processes has become a high-top priority in molecular imaging. This is especially true for those methods dedicated to functional imaging that focus on revealing phenomena associated with biological processes such as hypoxia to cancer. Among them, optical imaging methods such as fluorescence are provided with a broad range of proteins and dyes used to visualize many types of these biological processes widely used in cell biology studies. Although the best-known example of these fluorochromes is the green fluorescent protein (GFP), tissue autofluorescence and signal dispersion raise doubts about its suitability as an in vivo tracer. However, a number of groups have recently developed several NIR fluorescent proteins that enable real-time imaging free of autofluorescence interference thus making possible to take a deep view into the tissues. With all of this in mind, we devised a novel fluorescence-bioluminescence genetically encoded biosensor activated by the neoangiogenesis-related transcription factor HIF-1α, which appears upregulated in growing tumors. At the same time, by fusing a fluorescent to a bioluminescent protein we obtained a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) phenomenon turning this fusion protein into a new class of hypoxia-sensing genetically encoded biosensor. We also tested the inducibility and performance of this hypoxia sensor by imaging artificially activated cells both in culture (in vitro) and inside an animal model (in vivo). Finally, the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231, which is known by its invasiveness and ability to metastasize, was modified to carry the hypoxia sensor and subsequently injected intravenously in live mice. Metastases were detected in lung and brain by fluorescence and/or bioluminescence. In conclusion, we have described the designing and development of a functional dual hypoxia-sensing system able to display BRET activity between the firefly luciferase and the NIR fluorochrome. In addition a metastatic tumoral cell line was genetically modified to demonstrate that the biosensor is able to detect hypoxic conditions in metastasis in vivo, yielding valuable functional information about the tumor besides size and spatial localization. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 469.
Twenty four-hour helpline access to expert management advice for food-allergy-triggered anaphylaxis in infants, children and young people: a pragmatic, randomized controlled trial
Authors: M. M. Kelleher, A. DunnGalvin, A. Sheikh, C. Cullinane, J. Fitzsimons, J. O'B. Hourihane
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Background Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening emergency. If promptly administered, adrenaline is potentially life-saving. Many food-allergic-children/carers are unsure when to use their adrenaline autoinjectors, contributing to a low quality of life and worse outcomes in the setting of an acute allergic reaction. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of 24-hour telephone access to specialist clinical advice on disease-specific quality of life. Methods A pragmatic two-arm, parallel-group randomized control trial was conducted. Children/carers (<16 years) with food allergy, trained in adrenaline auto-injector use, were recruited from a hospital-based paediatric allergy clinic. Baseline disease-specific quality of life was ascertained using the validated Food-Allergy-Related Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (FAQLQ), either Parent Form, Child Form or Teenager Form depending on child's age. Participants were then centrally randomized for a 6-month period to 24-hour telephone specialist support line or to usual care. The primary outcome measure was a change in FAQL scores, at one and 6 months postrandomization, compared with baseline. The minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in score is 0.5. Results Fifty two children/carers were recruited. FAQL scores remained static in the control group across the three time points. Scores gradually improved in the intervention group, with a significant difference seen at 6 months (T1–T3 Mean difference = −1.5, (CI 0.87–2.25) P < 0.005] Follow-up questionnaires, 6 months after the intervention was removed, T4, showed sustained significant difference between the groups (control M = 3.0; intervention M = 1.1[t = −4.113, P < 0.05]). Conclusion The 24-hour helpline improved food-allergy-specific quality of life in children. Six-month intervention support resulted in sustained benefits for at least a further 6 months.
Decompression Sickness Simulating Infectious Myelitis in a Scuba Diver
Authors: Joseph E. Johnson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

IN the past few years the sport of "skin diving" (both with and without underwater breathing apparatus) has found many enthusiastic adherents in the general populace. Unfortunately, there has not been as general a dissemination of knowledge about the hazards involved and the safeguards that should be employed. These points are strongly emphasized in the training of military divers using SCUBA (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus).The fact that, in many areas, facilities for the treatment of the serious complications (decompression sickness and air embolism) are maintained only by the military (in particular, the Navy) poses several difficult problems. Although it . . .
Cellular localization of the potassium channel Kir7.1 in guinea pig and human kidney
Authors: Christian Derst, Jochen R. Hirsch, Regina Preisig-Müller, Erhard Wischmeyer, Andreas Karschin, Frank Döring, Achim Thomzig, Rüdiger W. Veh, Eberhard Schlatter, Wolfgang Kummer, Jürgen Daut
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Scientists Search Rain Forests for Novel Chemicals
Authors: Gary J. Kerkvliet
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1990)

Journal Article Scientists Search Rain Forests for Novel Chemicals Get access Gary J. Kerkvliet Gary J. Kerkvliet Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 82, Issue 12, 20 June 1990, Pages 1000–1001, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.12.1000 Published: 20 June 1990
Getting a grip on clinical variations in hospital services
Authors: David J Hunter
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The findings reported by Wennberg and colleagues should come as no surprise to observers of the NHS and other healthcare systems.1 They are neither unique nor confined to the United States. It is an iron law of health policy that supply determines utilisation and demand. Elasticity of demand dictates that if beds are available then patients will be found to fill them, regardless of the appropriateness of such care.

Wennberg and colleagues show starkly how, despite the assault on clinical practice by managers and politicians as they strive to control costs, improve quality, and tackle unexplained variations in clinical practice and outcomes, the power to determine what happens within health services resides …
Characterization of complex heart rate dynamics and their pharmacological disorders by non-linear prediction and special data transformations
Authors: D. Hoyer, K. Schmidt, U. Zwiener, R. Bauer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

The aim of the presented method was the characterization of different complex heart rate dynamics in conscious rabbits as well as during general anaesthesia and vagal blockade. This was done by non-linear prediction of original measured and special surrogate data in the phase space.The development of the prediction error in dependence on the prediction time interval was investigated in the phase space. Two kinds of surrogate data were produced and tested with regard to non-linearities and orientation in the phase space. Typical characteristics of prediction error development were shown for simulated uncorrelated stochastic, correlated stochastic, regular deterministic, and deterministic chaotic signals. These characteristics were used to evaluate the measured heart rate data in connection with tests of surrogate data.It could be shown that heart rate fluctuation cannot be described by one of these ideal models alone. Common consideration of all investigated prediction characteristics indicated chaos in the heart rate of conscious rabbits as well as during anaesthesia and vagal blockade, where non-linear correlated stochastic properties could not be excluded. The different amount of non-linearities and orientation was described quantitatively.Detailed analysis of prediction error development in the phase space, connected with tests for non-linearities and orientation, enabled a specific quantitative characterization of complex heart rate dynamics and their pharmacological disorders.
[173] SYSTEMATIC APPLICATION OF CADAVER EXPANDED DONOR CRITERIA AND LIVING DONOR LIVER ALLOGRAFTS IMPROVE PATIENT ACCESS AND OUTCOMES
Authors: J.F. Renz, I.T. Lo, B. Alkofer, C. Kin, J.V. Guarrera, B. Samstein, S. Bellemare, D. Jan, M. Kinkhabwala, J.C. Emond
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2007)
The Unintended Consequences of Conflict of Interest Disclosure
Authors: George Loewenstein, Sunita Sah, Daylian M Cain
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Reception of Professor Senn and His Companions in Tokio.
Authors: B. Tomatsuri
Journal: JAMA (1901)

Tokio, Japan, Oct. 25, 1901. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I hope by this correspondence that our American professional brethren will understand that we Japanese medical men appreciate what is being done now in the United States for the advancement of Medicine. We were pleased to have received a visit from Drs. Nicholas Senn, Daniel R. Brower, Jacob Frank and William M. Mastin, while they were encircling the globe. On the evening of the 27th a dinner was given in honor of the distinguished guests by the members of the Medical Profession in Tokio, Dr. Mastin being, much to our regret, detained in Yokohama on business, and a large company assembled, dinner commencing at 6:30. The hall was beautifully decorated and on the<i>menu</i>cards the flags of the United States and Japan were crossed in amicable folds. Baron Hashimoto proposed the health of our visitors, which was drunk with enthusiasm, after
NOCTURNAL INCONTINENCE IN CHILDREN
Authors: A. H. MacDonald
Journal: BMJ (1930)

The Practitioner's Mirror and Retrospect.d0JfTie Ediior wiU ht Olad to receive offers of co-operation and This^latgdyw inthTcaL "of much valuable material full of interest and instruction ^ , rnffane hosvitals and (3) the great body ) he younger and less-known members of the hospital staff' (-) those 001 .
Abstract 1588: Detection <i>in vivo</i> of a novel endogenous etheno DNA adduct derived from arachidonic acid and the effects of antioxidants on its formation
Authors: Ying Fu, Marcin Dyba, Jishen Pan, Casey Schultz, Peiying Yang, Dhimant Desai, Shantu Amin, Fung-Lung Chung
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Previous studies showed that the 7-(1′,2′-dihydroxyheptyl) substituted etheno DNA adducts are products from reactions with epoxide of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE), an oxidation product of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In this work, we report the detection of 7-(1′,2′-dihydroxyheptyl)-1,N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine (DHHedA) in rodent and human tissues by two independent methods: a 32P-postlabeling/HPLC method and an isotope dilution liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method (ID-LC-ESI-MS/MS). This study demonstrated for the first time that DHHedA is a background DNA lesion in vivo. We showed that DHHedA can be formed upon incubation of arachidonic acid (AA) with deoxyadenosine (dA), supporting the notion that n-6 PUFAs are the endogenous source of DHHedA formation. Because the cyclic adducts are derived from the oxidation of PUFAs, we subsequently examined the effects of antioxidants, α-lipoic acid, polyphenon E and vitamin E on the formation of DHHedA and γ-hydroxy-1,N2-propanodeoxyguanosine (γ-OHPdG), a widely studied acrolein-derived cyclic adduct arisen from oxidized n-3 and n-6 PUFAs, in the livers of Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. LEC rats are inflicted with elevated lipid peroxidation and prone to the development of hepatocellular carcinomas. The results showed that while the survival of LEC rats was increased significantly by dietary α-lipoic acid, none of the antioxidants inhibited the formation of DHHedA and only polyphenon E treatment decreased the formation of γ-OHPdG. In contrast, vitamin E caused an increase in the formation of both γ-OHPdG and DHHedA in the livers of LEC rats. This work was supported by the NCI grant: RO1-CA-134892. Citation Format: Ying Fu, Marcin Dyba, Jishen Pan, Casey Schultz, Peiying Yang, Dhimant Desai, Shantu Amin, Fung-Lung Chung. Detection in vivo of a novel endogenous etheno DNA adduct derived from arachidonic acid and the effects of antioxidants on its formation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1588. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1588
Von Willebrand factor antigen levels in Behçet disease
Authors: Esin Beyan, Begüm Sadikoĝlu, Esin Ertuĝrul, Cengiz Beyan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)

High von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF:Ag) levels can be found due to vascular endothelial injury in Behçet disease. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether there is any relationship between vWF:Ag levels and vascular or other organ involvements and acute-phase reactants in Behçet disease. Fifteen controls and 17 Behçet's patients were included; 10 had oral ulcers, 5 had genital ulcers, 3 had skin lesions, 6 had ocular involvement, 5 had arthritis, and 6 had vascular involvement. VWF:Ag levels were higher in Behçet's patients than controls. VWF:Ag levels in Behçet's patients with oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and ocular and vascular involvement were statistically higher than in the control group. Differences between vWF:Ag levels in Behçet's patients with and without organ involvement were not statistically significant. A linear correlation between serum ferritin levels and vWF:Ag levels was observed. These results demonstrate that elevated levels of plasma vWF:Ag are related to Behçet disease exacerbation rather than vascular involvement. Am. J. Hematol. 79:70–72, 2005. © 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic Features of Fibrodysplasia (Myositis) Ossificans Progressiva on Bone Scan
Authors: Mark Tulchinsky
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue that leads to progressive, disabling heterotopic ossification in characteristic anatomic patterns. It is accompanied by pathognomonic congenital malformation of the great toes (or thumbs) - microdactyly. There is a high occurrence of diagnostic errors in FOP, leading to inappropriate interventions that may result in significant harm to patients. Scintigraphic demonstration of heterotopic ossifications in connective tissue at characteristic locations, in combination with pathognomonic microdactyly of the great toes (or thumbs), is highly specific. The case presented here is aimed at increasing familiarity with those typical diagnostic features, especially on bone scintigraphy.
Drug Regulation-Reply
Authors: Robert L. Alberti
Journal: JAMA (1976)

In Reply.—  Floraquin was introduced in 1936 based on data that were appropriate at the time. However, at the time of the more recent National Academy of Sciences and National Research Council reviews, Floraquin was classified as only possibly effective, due to the lack of well-controlled clinical studies supporting it. In view of the limited sales of Floraquin, Searle did not elect to undertake the clinical-trials program that would have been necessary to maintain it on the market. As a consequence, FDA approval of Floraquin was withdrawn and marketing was discontinued on July 7, 1975, with all supplies being recalled down to the retail level.  The same FDA directive that caused the demise of Floraquin also caused a number of other topical preparations for the treatment of trichomonal vaginitis to be withdrawn from the market. The reasons for this directive were set forth in a letter from the FDA to
Atrial Fibrillation Induces Myocardial Fibrosis Through Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor–Specific Arkadia-Mediated Downregulation of Smad7
Authors: Xuyu He, Xiuren Gao, Longyun Peng, Shenming Wang, Yingying Zhu, Hong Ma, Jun Lin, Dayue Darrel Duan
Journal: Circulation Research (2010)

Tachycardia-induced atrial fibrosis is a hallmark of structural remodeling of atrial fibrillation (AF). The molecular mechanisms underlying the AF-induced atrial fibrosis remain unclear.To determine the role of angiotensin II (Ang II)/Ang II type 1 (AT(1)) receptor-coupled transforming growth factor (TGF)-β(1)/Smad signaling pathway in the AF-induced atrial fibrosis.Rapid atrial pacing (1000 ppm) was applied to the left atrium of rabbit heart to induce atrial fibrillation and fibrosis. Quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis revealed that rapid atrial pacing caused a marked increase in the expression of Ang II, TGF-β(1), phosphorylated Smad2/3 (P-Smad2/3), Arkadia, and hydroxyproline synthesis. However, the expression of Smad7, a key endogenous antagonist of the TGF-β(1)/Smad-mediated fibrosis, was significantly decreased. These changes were dose-dependently reversed by AT(1) receptor antagonist losartan, implicating the involvement of AF-induced release of Ang II and activation of AT(1) receptor-specific pathway. In the adult rabbit cardiac fibroblasts, Ang II increased the expression of TGF-β(1), P-Smad2/3, Smad4, Arkadia, and collagen I synthesis and significantly reduced Smad7 expression. These effects of Ang II were reversed by losartan but not by the AT(2) antagonist (PD123319). In addition, extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor and anti-TGF-β(1) antibody also blocked the Ang II-induced downregulation of Smad7. Silencing of Smad7 gene by small interfering RNA abolished the antagonism of losartan on the fibrogenic effects of Ang II on cardiac fibroblasts, whereas overexpression of Smad7 blocked Ang II-induced increase in collagen I synthesis.Ang II/AT(1) receptor-specific activation of Arkadia-mediated poly-ubiquitination and degradation of Smad7 may decrease the inhibitory feedback regulation of TGF-β(1)/Smad signaling and serves as a key mechanism for AF-induced atrial fibrosis.
RT-32 * CLINICAL PROFILE AND OUTCOMES IN BRAINSTEM GLIOMA. AN INSTITUTIONAL EXPERIENCE
Authors: F. Syed, P. Lachi, R. Keshava, A. Syed, D. Nair, V. Krishna, D. Joseph, M. Irrakula, S. Pamidighantam, K. Naidu
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2014)

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of our retrospective study was to analyze the clinical outcomes of brain stem glioma treated with radiation therapy (RT) in our institution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Records of 48 patients with brainstem glioma treated between January 2007 and January 2013 were reviewed. Demographic variables, clinical variables, radiological findings and treatment details with respect to age, sex, location of tumor ( pontine Vs non pontine ), signs and symptoms, RT dose, follow up period and outcomes were recorded. Patients were subdivided into two groups based on their age, age <15 years (group I) and age > = 15 yrs (group II). RESULTS: The median age at diagnosis was 10 years (range 4-50). Male to female ratio was 11:10. Of the 48 cases analyzed, 27 patients (56%) were in group I and 21 (44%) were in group II. At initial presentation 62% had features of raised intracranial tension, 71% had cranial nerve defects and 57% had cerebellar signs. Radiologically, 90.5% had involvement of pons. 10 (21%) patients received RT dose >60 Gy and 38 (79 %) patients received RT dose of 54-60 Gy. Median overall survival was 7months (range 3 - 44 months). The median age at diagnosis for group I and II was 6.5 and 32 years respectively. At initial presentation, 67% in group I and 56% patients in group II had features of raised intracranial tension, 67% in group I and 78% in group II had cranial nerve defects, 83% patients group I and 100% group II had involvement of pons. Median overall survival in group I and group II was 4 months and 10 months respectively (p = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: Brain stem glioma in pediatric age group is associated with worse outcomes than in adults.
Nucleotide variation at the hypervariable esterase 6 isozyme locus of Drosophila simulans.
Authors: J. Karotam, T. M. Boyce, J. G. Oakeshott
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

Esterase 6 (Est-6/EST6) is polymorphic in both Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans for two common allozyme forms, as well as for several other less common variants. Parallel latitudinal clines in the frequencies of the common EST6-F and EST6-S allozymes in these species have previously been interpreted in terms of a shared amino acid polymorphism that distinguishes the two variants and is subject to selection. Here we compare the sequences of four D. simulans Est-6 isolates and show that overall estimates of nucleotide heterozygosity in both coding and 5' flanking regions are more than threefold higher than those obtained previously for this gene in D. melanogaster. Nevertheless, the ratio of replacement to exon silent-site polymorphism in D. simulans is less than the ratio of replacement to silent divergence between D. simulans and D. melanogaster, which could be the result of increased efficiency of selection against replacement polymorphisms in D. simulans or to divergent selection between the two species. We also find that the amino acid polymorphisms separating EST6-F and EST6-S in D. simulans are not the same as those that separate these allozymes in D. melanogaster, implying that the shared clines do not reflect shared molecular targets for selection. All comparisons within and between the two species reveal a remarkable paucity of variation in a stretch of nearly 400 bp immediately 5' of the gene, indicative of strong selective constraint to retain essential aspects of Est-6 promoter function.