tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Renal toxicity after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: the combined effects of total-body irradiation and graft-versus-host disease.
Authors: R Miralbell, S Bieri, B Mermillod, C Helg, G Sancho, B Pastoors, A Keller, J M Kurtz, B Chapuis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE To evaluate retrospectively the cumulative risk probability and factors correlated with renal dysfunction after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). PATIENTS AND METHODS From October 1984 to July 1994, 84 patients with malignant hematopoietic diseases received allogeneic BMT after conditioning with high-dose chemotherapy and total-body irradiation (TBI). Seventy-nine patients with normal renal function before conditioning are included in this study. Conditioning included high-dose cyclophosphamide without (n = 46) or with (n = 33) other agents (daunorubicin, busulfan, cytarabine, and thiotepa) followed by TBI. The TBI dose prescribed to the center of the abdomen was 10 Gy for 24 patients, 12 Gy for 32, and 13.5 Gy for 23. In vitro T-cell depletion was undertaken in 48 cases. The post-BMT nephrotoxicity of aminoglycosides, vancomycin, amphotericin, and cyclosporine was assessed. Time to renal dysfunction was defined as the time to a persistent increase of serum creatinine (SCr) level greater than 110 mumol/L. The potential influence of sex, age, diagnosis, chimerism, and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) on renal dysfunction was also assessed. RESULTS The 18-month probability of renal dysfunction-free survival (RDFS) for the whole group was 77%. Only TBI dose and presence of GvHD were significantly correlated with renal dysfunction by multivariate analysis. The 18-month probabilities of RDFS were 95%, 74%, and 55% for the patients conditioned with 10, 12, and 13.5 Gy, respectively. The 18-month RDFS probabilities were 88% and 61% for patients without and with GvHD, respectively. Combining both variables, we have defined two risk categories: low-risk (ie, 10 Gy TBI with/without GvHD and 12 Gy TBI without GvHD) and high-risk (ie, 12 Gy TBI with GvHD and 13.5 Gy TBI with/without GvHD). The predicted 18-month RDFS rates were 93% and 52% for the low- and high-risk groups, respectively. CONCLUSION Renal dysfunction after allogeneic BMT is strongly related to the delivered TBI dose (and dose per fraction) and to the presence of GvHD. Renal shielding should be recommended if a TBI dose greater than 12 Gy (fractionated twice daily over 3 days) is to be prescribed. Furthermore, in those cases with a high risk of developing GvHD (eg, unrelated allogeneic BMT, absence of T-cell depletion), these data suggest that kidney doses greater than 10 Gy should be avoided.
Effect of daily etidronate on the osteolysis of multiple myeloma.
Authors: A R Belch, D E Bergsagel, K Wilson, S O'Reilly, J Wilson, D Sutton, J Pater, D Johnston, B Zee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Progressive bone disease in multiple myeloma frequently leads to osteolysis, bone resorption, pathologic fractures, vertebral compression, and hypercalcemia. We conducted a double-blind study in 173 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients of etidronate disodium (EHDP), a diphosphonate compound that reduces bone resorption by inhibiting osteoclastic activity. The patients were randomly assigned to receive oral EHDP 5 mg/kg/d or placebo until death or discontinuation due to intolerance or refusal. The extent of vertebral deformity was measured by a vertebral index as well as height. The frequency of pathologic fractures, hypercalcemia, and bone pain was regularly assessed, as well as size and number of osteolytic lesions. All patients received melphalan and prednisone daily for 4 days every 4 weeks as the primary chemotherapy for their disease. Although the repeated measures analysis showed a significant height loss, there was no difference between treatment arms (P = .98). There was no significant difference in bone pain, episodes of hypercalcemia, or development of pathologic fractures. Patients on EHDP showed less deterioration in their vertebral index, but this difference only approached statistical significance (P = .07). We conclude that EHDP therapy used in this dosage schedule does not have a clinically significant impact in multiple myeloma.
Paradoxical effects of prophylactic phenothiazine antiemetics in children receiving chemotherapy.
Authors: L Zeltzer, S LeBaron, P M Zeltzer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

The effectiveness of prophylactic phenothiazine antiemetics on reduction of nausea and vomiting was assessed for 23 children (age, 9-17 years) who had intermittently received antiemetics (ie, for one course but not for another). Each patient was his own control and the courses with antiemetics were compared to the matched courses without antiemetics (Wilcoxon matched-pairs, signed-ranks test). In each case, the matched courses with and without antiemetics were temporally consecutive and equivalent for chemotherapeutic agents and dosages. Significantly higher ratings for severity of nausea (P less than .004), vomiting (P less than .02), and the extent to which these symptoms bothered patients (P less than .001) were found during courses with prophylactic antiemetics. Duration (in hours) of nausea and vomiting was analyzed for the last eight consecutive study patients; in eight of eight patients, a significantly longer duration of nausea (P less than .05) and vomiting (P less than .02) was found for the courses in which antiemetics were given prophylactically. This study suggests that prophylactic phenothiazine antiemetics do not predictably reduce children's nausea and vomiting and may even be associated with an increase in symptoms. Further studies in children are needed to determine which patients might benefit most from antiemetic intervention.
Abstract 19302: Area Strain for the Assessment of Myocardial Infarction Scar Size by Ultrasound 3D Speckle Tracking: Validation with Late Gadolinium Enhancement Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Stefano F de Marchi, Einar Hopp, Stig Urheim, Rolf Svendsmark, Anders Hervold, Klaus Murbræch, Richard J Massey, Espen W Remme, Per K Hol, Svend Aakhus
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Myocardial infarction scar size (ISS) is an important predictor of mortality, but accurate quantitative echocardiographic methods to determine ISS are lacking. We developed a new functional imaging method based on geometric analysis of 3D meshgrid-representations of the left ventricle (LV) derived from ultrasound 3D speckle tracking. The study was performed to validate our method for the quantitative assessment of ISS. Methods: 3D full volume echocardiographic clips and late gadolinium enhancement magnetic resonance images (LGE-MRI) were acquired in 10 patients three months after acute myocardial infarction. ISS was determined from LGE-MRI images. 3D speckle tracking was performed on EchoPac (GE Vingmed), and LV meshgrids were analyzed offline using our novel software. Area strain, a parameter of regional wall thickening, was computed and displayed in 336 LV regions (figure). Infarction zone was delineated by a blinded observer as the region with reduced end-systolic area strain. The size of the delineated zone was calculated relative to the total LV surface. Results: ISS in LGE-MRI ranged from 0 to 38% (median 18.5%). ISS closely correlated between echocardiography and LGE-MRI (figure). Bias and S.D. of bias of our method, as assessed from two different echocardiographic clips in all patient, was -1.94% and 5.01%, respectively. Conclusions: The total size of reduced end-systolic area strain accurately reflects ISS as assessed by LGE-MRI. Thus, functional imaging based on 3D speckle tracking has great potential for the accurate determination of myocardial infarction scar size by echocardiography.
The Dutch hypothesis, implications for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma in a biomarker, monoclonal antibody world. Experience with IgE and omalizumab in a small pulmonary practice
Authors: Mary Lynn Zaremba, Kristin Elliott, Alicia Redford, Syed Ali, Nipurn Shah, Sridhar Reddy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

In 1961, Orie and colleagues from the University of Groningen in the Netherlands hypothesized that the various forms of airway obstruction, such as asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema, should be considered not as separate entities but as different expressions of one disease entity. In a pulmonary practice patients with a physician diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) had physiological and biochemical evaluation as part of their routine workup. They were treated with omalizumab if they were symptomatic despite adequate conventional treatment and had an elevated IgE level. Patients with COPD (n=60) who were on treatment with omalizumab for at least 6 months were asked to fill out a questionnaire from which their symptom scores (1-4) and satisfaction scores (1-5) were extracted. There was statistically significant improvement in the amelioration of both symptoms and increase in satisfaction scores (p was less than 0.01) with treatment with omalizumab. This year being the 50th anniversary of the Dutch Hypothesis, it may be appropriate to revisit this issue. Patients with COPD may benefit from evaluation and treatment with monoclonal anti-IgE antibody therapy. Randomized placebo controlled, double blinded trials are needed to help further define the role of anti IgE therapy in patients with COPD. Subsequently, the broad use of biomarkers to evaluate need for monoclonal antibody therapy may need to be reconsidered. To the treating physician and the patient the treatment outcome is more relevant than the actual diagnosis.
Family Exhibiting Cerebellar-Like Ataxia, Photosensitivity and Shortness of Stature - a New Inborn Error of Tryptophan Metabolism
Authors: David A Fenton, John D Wilkinson, Patrick A Toseland
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1983)

Two cases in a brother and sister of a previously undescribed hereditary syndrome are reported. The features, which include shortness of stature, photosensitivity and cerebellar-like ataxia, are attributed to a new inborn error of tryptophan metabolism.
Comparative efficacy of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in ankylosing spondylitis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of clinical trials
Authors: Runsheng Wang, Abhijit Dasgupta, Michael M Ward
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

Objective To compare the efficacy of 20 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the short-term treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Methods We performed a systematic literature review of randomised controlled trials of NSAIDs in patients with active AS. We included trials that reported efficacy at 2–12 weeks. Efficacy outcomes were the change in pain score and change in the duration of morning stiffness. We also examined the number of adverse events. We used Bayesian network meta-analysis to compare effects directly and indirectly between drugs. Results We included 26 trials (66 treatment arms) of 20 NSAIDs with 3410 participants in the network meta-analysis. Fifty-eight per cent of trials had fewer than 50 participants. All 20 NSAIDs reduced pain more than placebo (standardised mean difference ranging from −0.65 to −2.2), with 15 NSAIDs significantly better than placebo. Etoricoxib was superior to celecoxib, ketoprofen and tenoxicam in pain reduction, but no other interdrug comparisons were significant. There were no significant differences among NSAIDs in decreases in the duration of morning stiffness or the likelihood of adverse events. Adverse events were uncommon in these short-term studies. In 16 trials that used NSAIDs at full doses, etoricoxib was superior to all but two other NSAIDs in pain reduction. Conclusions Etoricoxib was more effective in reducing pain in AS than some other NSAIDs, but there was otherwise insufficient evidence to conclude that any particular NSAID was more effective in the treatment of AS. Comparisons were limited by small studies.
Long-term oxygen therapy in parenchymal lung diseases: an analysis of survival. The Swedish Society of Chest Medicine
Authors: K Strom, G Boman
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1993)

We have analysed the predictors of survival in patients starting long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy (LTO) for chronic hypoxia caused by parenchymal lung disease. In 240 patients (136 males) LTO was started at a mean age of 70 yrs. Survivors have been followed up for a minimum of 28 months (range 28-57 months). Interstitial fibrosis was the sole cause of hypoxia in 51 patients, and late sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis in 48 patients. More than one (mixed) disease caused hypoxia in 124 patients. Patients with tuberculosis (TB) started LTO with significantly higher values of arterial carbon dioxide tension (PaCO2) and markedly lower spirometry volumes than patients with interstitial fibrosis. In the total patient group survival was correlated in the univariate analysis to cause(s) of hypoxia, performance status and PaCO2 when breathing air. TB had a relatively good prognosis, whilst interstitial fibrosis implied a poor long-term survival. A PaCO2 of below 5.5 kPa and a poor performance class was associated with increased mortality rates. In TB patients, survival was better when thoracic deformity contributed to hypoxia. In patients with interstitial fibrosis, a forced vital capacity of below 2.1 l was associated with increased mortality. Concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with better survival than interstitial fibrosis alone. In the multivariate analysis, survival was found correlated to performance status, presence or absence of thoracic deformity and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Antitumor Lectin-Trypsin Inhibitor Conjugate&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: J Y Lin, L L Lin
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Concanavalin A (Con A) and trypsin inhibitor isolated from Acacia confusa were covalently linked with N-succinimidyl-3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate. Con A-A. confusa trypsin inhibitor (ACTI) conjugate covalently bound (Con A-ACTI) retained about 42% of the trypsin inhibitory activity present in the native ACTI and had a higher hemagglutinating activity than did the native Con A. Con A-ACTI had a greater resistance to tryptic digestion than did the mixture of Con A and ACTI. The conjugate entered sarcoma 180 tumor cells, whereas the free ACTI did not. A single dose of the conjugate injected ip into noninbred N:NIH(S) white mice bearing sarcoma 180 had a remarkable effect of increasing the survival of tumor-bearing mice, while the mixture of an equivalent dose of free Con A and ACTI was not effective.
Polysomnographic monitoring of difficult-to-control asthma patients
Authors: Luciana Malosa Sampaio, Ivan Peres Costa, Federico Aletti, Ramona Cabiddu, Valéria Duarte Souza, Audrey Borghi Silva, Anna Maria Bianchi, Luis Vicente Franco de Oliveira, Roberto Stirbulov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND Difficult-to-Control Asthma (DCA) is associated with sleep disturbances. Polysomnography allows for a continuous monitoring of sleep quality, and it also enables to carry out mathematical analyses of cardiorespiratory signals, useful to gain insight into the mechanisms of heart rate variability (HRV).  OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to integrate standard polysomnographic indices with HRV indices for a comprehensive description of sleep of DCA patients.  MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one DCA patients were screened at the Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sao Paulo’s Pulmonary Outpatient Clinic and polysomnographic exams were conducted at the sleep laboratory of Universidade Nove de Julho in Sao Paulo. Signals from polysomnography which were analyzed included O2 saturation and electrocardiogram (ECG). Sleep stages were identified from the hypnogram. HRV analysis was performed on a subset of patients by means of spectral analysis of RR series extracted from ECG. Standard spectral indices were computed to determine the contribution of the sympathetic nervous system and of respiration to the beat-to-beat variability of heart rate.  RESULTS Sleep efficiency displayed an average of 72.9%. The distribution of sleep time showed a predominance of non-REM (NREM) sleep (85.5%). Oxygen saturation was 93.8% in NREM sleep, 83% during REM sleep, and 83.2% in micro-arousals. Preliminary results of HRV analysis showed an association between an abnormal cardiorespiratory coupling and an inferior quality of sleep.  CONCLUSIONS The quality of sleep in DCA patients was affected by the occurrence of microarousals, which may depend on desaturation episodes in association with slower breathing, as suggested also by HRV analysis.
In Vitro Induction of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Murine Leukemia Cells. III. Effect of Methanol Extraction Residue Fraction of BCG on the Generation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Against Leukemia23
Authors: Eli Kedar, Fathallah Nahas, Eilat Unger, David W. Weiss
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Journal Article In Vitro Induction of Cell-Mediated Immunity to Murine Leukemia Cells. III. Effect of Methanol Extraction Residue Fraction of BCG on the Generation of Cytotoxic Lymphocytes Against Leukemia Get access Eli Kedar, Eli Kedar Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Fathallah Nahas, Fathallah Nahas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Eilat Unger, Eilat Unger Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David W. Weiss David W. Weiss Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 60, Issue 5, May 1978, Pages 1097–1106, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/60.5.1097 Published: 01 May 1978 Article history Received: 11 August 1977 Accepted: 31 October 1977 Published: 01 May 1978
Exposure in utero to maternal smoking increases risk of asthma
Authors: Tudor Toma
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Children exposed in utero to maternal smoking are more likely to have asthma than children exposed to environmental smoke only after birth, reported a study in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001;163:429-36).

Previous research has shown that exposure to environmental tobacco smoke can cause adverse respiratory health effects, including wheezing and asthma. But this is the first time that evidence has been produced showing the effects of exposure in utero …
Suboptimal ward care of critically ill patients
Authors: D. Gorard, K. Walshe, J. Wood, A. Smith, P. J Youngs, T. Ringrose, C. Garrard, C McAllister, S J McGovern, P. W Duncan, P. Nightingale, I. Macartney, J. Ryan, M. P Shelly, C. Pritchard, I. D Anderson, B. J Rowlands, M. Mercer, S. J Fletcher, G. F Bishop, P. McQuillan, S. Pilkington, A. Allan, B. Taylor, G. Smith, M. Nielson, A. Short, G. Morgan, C. Collins
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Suboptimal ward care of critically ill patients Suboptimal care should have been definedEditor-McQuillan et al show that most patients receive suboptimal management of oxygen therapy, airway, breathing, circulation, and monitoring before admission to intensive care. 1 In an area of medicine renowned for objective measurement it is surprising that this study should rely on the subjective opinions of two assessors about what constituted suboptimal care.Understandably, their opinions often disagreed.The authors accept that there are difficulties in relying on assessors' opinions, but we must not underestimate these limitations.The assessors knew the outcomes of the patients, which must have biased their opinions, particularly since suboptimal care is not defined.How suboptimal care was defined is crucial to the paper's message, and more information about the data evaluated by the assessors would have been preferable to the lengthy discussion, much of which was not directly related to the data.Unfortunately, many of the data are self fulfilling.It is unsurprising that the suboptimally managed group scored badly on oxygen therapy and airway, breathing, and circulation and that 67% of this group were late admissions to intensive care since these were presumably the factors used to determine suboptimal management.Nevertheless, a key message is that most of the well managed patients were admitted to intensive care units within the first day of admission, with presumably some going straight from accident and emergency.These acutely ill patients are perhaps more easily identifiable as going to need intensive care.Conversely, those patients who arrived at hospital less ill and who deteriorated while on general wards were those who received suboptimal care.There was a longer time between admission to hospital and admission to intensive care in these patients.We are not told if any of the admissions to intensive care were delayed because of lack of beds.Although there is no excuse for suboptimal care, sometimes admission to intensive care is requested because a ward with overstretched nursing staff and no high dependency beds recognises that it is unable to provide optimal care for an acutely ill patient.
Retraction: TGFbeta1 activates c-Jun and Erk1 via alphaVbeta6 integrin.
Authors: Christian Schmidt
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2004)

The data published in this article [1] and in a preceding article in Molecular Cancer [2] were generated by myself, the corresponding author, with collaborators in Germany. The data were originally part of a manuscript on which my collaborators were authors and which remains unpublished. When publishing the data in Molecular Cancer, I failed to obtain the agreement from my past collaborators or to acknowledge their contributions, resulting in an unfair representation of their ideas and thoughts. In light of this, I have decided to retract the two papers. I deeply apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused.