tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Linkworkers in primary care
Authors: S. Gillam, R. Levenson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Growing awareness of the particular needs of health service users from minority ethnic communities over the past 20 years has resulted in various linkworker schemes across Britain, but their development has been patchy. Linkworkers provide a cultural bridge between doctors and patients in areas with ethnic minority populations. The continuing debate about skill mix in general practice, together with the responsibility on primary care groups to commission services for minority populations, has intensified interest in extending their roles. What do we know about linkworkers and how effective they are?

An immediate challenge is the diversity of labels used—33 different terms in one review.1 The role has encompassed interpreting, advocacy, health education, and health promotion. For many health professionals the need for help with interpreting is paramount—since mutual incomprehension on account of language renders all other considerations secondary.2 The NHS certainly needs to extend …
Abstract 1812: XCE853: A novel PDI inhibitor that inhibits proliferation of human tumor cells <i>in vitro</i>, <i>ex-vivo</i> and <i>in vivo</i>
Authors: Gregoire P. Prevost, Shili Xu, Marine Garrido, Maria Serova, Olivier D. Vewer, Christian Gespach, Jean-François Briand, Annemilaï Tijeras-Raballand, Mathieu Gutmann, An Hendrix, Michele Sabbah, Anne Chachereau, Armand de Gramont, Nouri Neamati, Denis Carniato, Marc-Henry Pitty, Paul Foster
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract XCE853 was originally identified within a family of synthetic compounds displaying a preferential antiproliferative activity on drug resistant human cancer cells (Gutmann et al, AACR annual meeting, 2013). XCE853 induced an irreversible cytolysis of human tumor cells after a short in vitro exposure independently of efflux pumps leading to a tumor cell death by autophagy and particles release (vesicles or protein aggregates). The interest for XCE853 has been reinforced by three in vitro observations: 1) XCE853 inhibits the recombinant human enzyme PDI recognized as one novel target linked to drug resistance 2) XCE853 has a unique antiproliferative profile compared to the NCI database compounds when using the NCI Compare assay and 3) XCE853 has no activity on human normal prostate cells even at high concentrations whereas XCE shows an IC50 in the nanomolar range on human tumoral cells. In addition, the ex-vivo approach using fresh human tumor explants cultivated in 3 dimensions with low concentrations of XCE853 has shown a strong decrease of the proliferation (KI-67 labeling) with an apoptosis induction (Caspase-3 labeling) of Head &amp; Neck cancers following 24h of exposure. Finally, XCE853 which displayed an excellent oral bioavailability in mouse is able to block growth of human ovarian cancer using in vivo xenograft model leading to a complete tumor growth arrest even after the stop of the treatment. Altogether, these data support further efforts on this drug candidate to initiate the preclinical studies and to define the most relevant human tumor types. Citation Format: Gregoire P. Prevost, Shili Xu, Marine Garrido, Maria Serova, Olivier DE Vewer, Christian Gespach, Jean-François Briand, Annemilaï Tijeras-Raballand, Mathieu Gutmann, An Hendrix, Michele Sabbah, Anne Chachereau, Armand de Gramont, Nouri Neamati, Denis Carniato, Marc-Henry Pitty, Paul Foster. XCE853: A novel PDI inhibitor that inhibits proliferation of human tumor cells in vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1812. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1812
Dysfunction of the Reciprocal Feedback Loop between GATA3- and ZEB2-Nucleated Repression Programs Contributes to Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Wenzhe Si, Wei Huang, Yu Zheng, Yang Yang, Xujun Liu, Lin Shan, Xing Zhou, Yue Wang, Dongxue Su, Jie Gao, Ruorong Yan, Xiao Han, Wanjin Li, Lin He, Lei Shi, Chenghao Xuan, Jing Liang, Luyang Sun, Yan Wang, Yongfeng Shang
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)
Experience with omalizumab in patients with moderate and severe asthma
Authors: Ana Lucía Figueredo Cacacho, José Ángel Carretero Gracia, Dinora Polanco Alonso, Clara Viñado Mañes, Carolina Panadero Paz, Sandra García Saez, Sara Gomara, Erica León, Ana Lilian Simón Robles, Enrique Chacón Valles, Salvador Bello Dronda
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

OBJETIVES

To describe the outcome of patients treated with Omalizumab -OMZ- for at least 16 weeks.

METHODS

A prospective study of asthmatic patients under treatment with OMZ in the sanitary area of the University Hospital Miguel Servet of Saragossa since 2006. The efficacy variables studied: ACT (-Asthma Control Test-), daily dose of corticosteroids (oral -OC- and inhaled -IC-), acute exacerbations and hospital admissions.

RESULTS

Since 2006 we had begun OMZ in 40 patients, with a mean age of 49.2 (16.4 SD) years, 87.5% were women. By october 2013, 28 patients continued OMZ, 4 were excluded (less than 4 months of treatment).

The mean FEV1 (%pred) went from 72 (23.6 SD) to 81% (20.6 SD) after OMZ. The mean ACT went from 15 to 19 points after OMZ. A controlled asthma was achieved in 46% of patients, and the non controlled asthma patients went from 67 to 29%

![Figure][1] 



A reduction of total IC was of 32%. 8 patients required daily OC, after OMZ only 2 needed OC but in less doses.

We noticed a 72% reduction of annual asthmatic exacerbations, and this result was kept during the treatment. Before OMZ, 53% of the patients had at least one hospital admission in the previous 4 years. With OMZ this number reduced to 9%.

CONCLUSIONS

OMZ achieved an improvement in the asthma control level, reduced the number of exacerbations and hospital admissions, and the requirement of corticosteroids. This improvement was not relevant in the pulmonary function (FEV1 pred).

 [1]: pending:yes
Interaction between cisplatin and the copper transporter ATP7B in human ovarian carcinoma cells analyzed by confocal microscope.
Authors: Kuniyuki Katano, Roohangiz Safaei, Goli Samimi, Alison Holzer, Mika Tomioka, Murray Goodman, Stephen B. Howell
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

2023 

Some cisplatin (DDP)-resistant cells over-express the copper export transporter ATP7B, and cells molecularly engineered to over-express ATP7B are resistant to DDP. The interaction of Cu with ATP7B normally triggers its relocalization from the perinuclear region to more peripheral vesicles. To investigate the interaction of DDP with ATP7B, we examined the effect of DDP on the subcellular localization of ATP7B using human ovarian carcinoma cell expressing a cyan fluorescent protein (ECFP)-tagged ATP7B (2008/ECFP-ATP7B). As a control, 2008 cells were engineered to express just ECFP (2008/ECFP). ATP7B expression was confirmed in 2008/ECFP-ATP7B cells by Western blotting, and its functionality was documented by showing that it rendered the cells 1.9-fold resistant to CuSO4 and 4.1-fold resistant to DDP, and reduced the accumulation of both drugs. Confocal digital microscopy revealed that ATP7B localized in the perinuclear region in absence of drug exposure and that both Cu and DDP triggered relocalization to more peripheral vesicular structures. A fluorescein-labeled form of DDP (F-DDP) that retained cytotoxicity and was subject to the same mechanisms of resistance as DDP co-localized with ECFP-ATP7B in the 2008/ECFP-ATP7B cells whereas the same fluorochrome lacking the DDP moiety, CHF, did not. The images showed that when the 2008/ECFP cells were exposed to 2 μM CHF for 1 hour, the pattern of CHF fluorescence was the same in both cell types, that there was little co-localization of CHF with either ECFP or ECFP-ATP7B, and that the ECFP-ATP7B remained in the perinuclear region in treated cells. This indicates that the expression of a functional ATP7B did not influence the intracellular localization of CHF, and that CHF did not trigger the relocalization of ECFP-ATP7B (mean distance of vesicles furthest from nucleus 0.574 ± 0.017 (SEM), p = 0.099). In contrast, the distribution of F-DDP was different in the 2008/ECFP and 2008/ECFP-ATP7B cells, indicating that expression of a functional ATP7B altered the localization of F-DDP. F-DDP 2 μM also altered the localization of ECFP-ATP7B (mean distance 1.897 ± 0.124 (SEM), p = 3.25 x 10-6). This concentration of F-DDP had no effect on the distribution of ECFP in the 2008/ECFP cells. There was a substantial degree of co-localization between F-DDP and ECFP-ATP7B that was not seen with ECFP. This demonstrates that, like native DDP, the Pt-containing moiety in F-DDP remains functional with respect to its ability to induce a change in ATP7B distribution. These results further document the ability of ATP7B to regulate sensitivity to DDP in ovarian carcinoma cells. They also provide evidence that DDP directly interacts with ATP7B, and suggest that ATP7B concentrates DDP into vesicles of the secretory pathway. Supported by grant CA95298.
Guillain–Barré Syndrome
Authors: Michael I Greenberg, David Vearrier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

To the Editor: We are concerned that Yuki and Hartung (June 14 issue),1 in their otherwise comprehensive review of the Guillain–Barre syndrome, have overlooked the importance of public health efforts in the surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis to the eradication of polio. Surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis, and hence Guillain– Barre syndrome, which the authors describe as the “most frequent cause of acute flaccid paralysis worldwide,” is a key strategy in global efforts aimed at its eradication.2 The recent declaration by the World Health Assembly that poliovirus eradication is a programmatic emergency for global public health3 should convince clinicians around the world of the pivotal role they should continue to play in detecting and reporting cases of the Guillain–Barre syndrome to public health authorities. Despite heroic efforts, polio remains endemic in three countries (Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria) and has reemerged in a small number of additional countries. The recent importation of polio into China after more than a decade of absence throughout the Western Pacific region is a stark reminder of the necessity of continued vigilance during the polio endgame.4,5
Automated screening for myelodysplastic syndromes through analysis of complete blood count and cell population data parameters
Authors: Philipp W. Raess, Gert‐Jan M. van de Geijn, Tjin L. Njo, Boudewijn Klop, Dmitry Sukhachev, Gerald Wertheim, Tom McAleer, Stephen R. Master, Adam Bagg
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

The diagnosis of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) requires a high clinical index of suspicion to prompt bone marrow studies as well as subjective assessment of dysplastic morphology. We sought to determine if data collected by automated hematology analyzers during complete blood count (CBC) analysis might help to identify MDS in a routine clinical setting. We collected CBC parameters (including those for research use only and cell population data) and demographic information in a large (>5,000), unselected sequential cohort of outpatients. The cohort was divided into independent training and test groups to develop and validate a random forest classifier that identifies MDS. The classifier effectively identified MDS and had a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve (AUC) of 0.942. Platelet distribution width and the standard deviation of red blood cell distribution width were the most discriminating variables within the classifier. Additionally, a similar classifier was validated with an additional, independent set of >200 patients from a second institution with an AUC of 0.93. This retrospective study demonstrates the feasibility of identifying MDS in an unselected outpatient population using data routinely collected during CBC analysis with a classifier that has been validated using two independent data sets from different institutions.
The role of violence in decisions about hospitalization from the psychiatric emergency room
Authors: D E McNiel, R S Myers, H K Zeiner, H L Wolfe, C Hatcher
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1992)

The authors evaluated the relationship between violent behavior and decision making about hospitalization from the psychiatric emergency room.The medical charts of 321 patients evaluated in an urban psychiatric emergency room during a 4-week period were reviewed retrospectively. Violent behavior was defined as physical attacks on persons or fear-inducing behavior before or during the evaluation in the emergency room; and its value in predicting hospitalization decisions was assessed with logistic regression analyses that also included 12 demographic, clinical, and contextual variables.A model predicting hospitalization decisions was developed and cross-validated. Although violent patients were more likely to be hospitalized than nonviolent patients, clinical variables such as diagnosis and overall severity of psychiatric impairment were more important than violent behavior in predicting hospitalization decisions.Despite legal pressures to focus on overt behaviors such as violence as a basis for liability prevention and civil commitment, clinicians in this study did not allocate inpatient resources to preventively detain persons unlikely to benefit from treatment. Rather, they hospitalized the most severely disturbed patients, with diagnoses such as schizophrenic and manic disorders for which a widely accepted therapeutic armamentarium exists. The results are consistent with clinical recommendations that in the evaluation of the violent patient, attention needs to be given to the underlying disorder, since violent behavior itself can result from diverse causes only some of which require inpatient psychiatric treatment.
Two Old Men Disputing
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Placebo Effects in Infants, Toddlers, and Parents—Reply
Authors: Ian M. Paul
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Computerised Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review
Authors: Indra Tumur, Eva Kaltenthaler, Michael Ferriter, Catherine Beverley, Glenys Parry
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Computer-guided therapy is an innovative treatment strategy that could have an important role in the future of psychological treatment. This paper summarises the available published evidence that assesses the effectiveness of a computerised cognitive behaviour therapy (CCBT) for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Fifteen electronic bibliographic databases including Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Biological Abstracts, HMIC and NHS CRD databases were comprehensively searched in March 2004: [‘obsessive compulsive disorder’ (text and indexed terms)] AND [‘cognitive therapy’ (text and indexed terms)] AND [‘computer’ (text and indexed terms)]. Reference lists of included studies, guidelines, generic research, trials registers and specialist mental health sites were hand-searched. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; The search produced 149 citations from which we identified two RCTs and two single-arm studies with relevant data. All four studies used one software programme – &lt;i&gt;BTSteps&lt;/i&gt;.In the large RCT, YBOCS effect sizes for &lt;i&gt;BTSteps&lt;/i&gt;, therapist-led cognitive behaviour therapy (TCBT) and relaxation (RLX) were 0.84, 1.22, and 0.35, respectively. The smaller RCT found significantly better outcomes with brief scheduled support compared to brief on-demand phone support. &lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; BTSteps &lt;/i&gt;was as good as TCBT for reducing time spent in rituals and obsessions and for improving the Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSA), and was superior to RLX treatment. The available evidence also showed that improvement of OCD persisted beyond the end of CCBT. TCBT was more effective than CCBT for all patients overall though not in those who went on to start self-exposure. Such a system has the potential to widen the access to CBT in general and considerably shorten clinician-guided care.
Abstract 16776: Can We Rely on Patients to Report Rehospitalizations After Acute Myocardial Infarction? Implications for the Design of Future Practical Clinical Studies
Authors: Arun Krishnamoorthy, Eric D Peterson, Emily F Honeycutt, Kevin J Anstrom, Mark B Effron, Marjorie E Zettler, Linda Davidson-Ray, Brian A Baker, Patrick L McCollam, Daniel B Mark, Tracy Y Wang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Few studies have described the accuracy of patient-reported hospitalizations and characterized patients who either under- or over-report hospitalizations. Methods: At scheduled interviews 6 weeks, 6 and 12 months after discharge, acute MI patients in the TRANSLATE-ACS study were asked to report any rehospitalizations. Bills from hospitals in the patient’s geographic area and from 12-month queries at the discharging institution were obtained to confirm reported and screen for unreported hospitalizations. We assessed the accuracy of patient-reported hospitalizations with bill validation as the reference. We also examined the characteristics of patients who accurately, over-, or under-reported the number of hospitalizations. Results: Among 12,302 acute MI patients, 5,668 patients (46%) reported 8,716 rehospitalizations within the 1 year post-discharge. Only 59% of patient-reported hospitalizations were confirmed by medical bill data (Table). Among the total number of hospital bills collected, 34% were never reported by the patient. Among 5,688 patients confirmed to be rehospitalized, 41% accurately reported the number of hospitalizations, 37% over-reported by a range of 1-12 hospitalizations (median 1) and 22% under-reported by 1-19 hospitalizations (median 1). Compared with accurate reporters, under-reporters were more likely to be female (36% vs. 31%), non-white race (17% vs. 12%), unemployed (67% vs. 54%), non-high school graduate (19% vs. 12%) or to have lower functional status (median EQ5D VAS score 65 vs. 75, p&lt;0.01 for all). Characteristics of over-reporters were more similar to accurate reporters. Clinical risk, as summarized by the ACTION mortality risk score, was not substantially different between groups. Conclusions: In a large community-based study, the accuracy of patient-reported hospitalizations was low when compared with validation by medical bills, with patients both under- and over-reporting events.
Mice deficient for δ- and μ-opioid receptors exhibit opposing alterations of emotional responses
Authors: Dominique Filliol, Sandy Ghozland, Johanna Chluba, Miguel Martin, Hans W.D. Matthes, Frédéric Simonin, Katia Befort, Claire Gavériaux-Ruff, Andrée Dierich, Marianne LeMeur, Olga Valverde, Rafael Maldonado, Brigitte L. Kieffer
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)