tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The stepwise alteration of chromosome 9 in the evolution of bladder tumors affects predominantly one of the two chromosome copies
Authors: Lucie C. Kompier, Irene Lurkin, Ellen C. Zwarthoff
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4198 

In urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) multiple losses-of-heterozygosity (LOH) are found in low stage and grade tumors. Molecular analyses of primary and recurrent tumors allows the construction of genetic trees based on the accumulation of alterations, showed that the number of LOH events increases during tumor evolution (van Tilborg et al ., Hum Mol Genet. 2000, Louhelainen et al ., Eur J Cancer. 2000). Especially chromosome 9 is affected and alterations on this chromosome are considered to be one of the earliest events in bladder carcinogenesis. The regions of LOH are interstitial and alternate with regions in which both alleles are retained. Additional areas of loss are seen to occur and existing areas expand in size. To get more insight in what might be the process underlying the stepwise increment of LOH we investigated whether the LOH events are distributed equally over the paternal and maternal copies of chromosome 9. We first performed LOH analyses on tumor DNA with 16 markers spread over chromosome 9. To determine which alleles are located on which chromosome copy, we generated hybrid hamster cell lines by fusion of peripheral blood lymphocytes derived from the same patients with A3 Chinese hamster cells. Fragment analysis on the separated human chromosomes was performed with the same set of markers. The distribution of the LOH events over the two different copies of chromosome 9 can be deduced from these results and are depicted in figure 1. In 8 patients 2 or more LOH events on chromosome 9 were observed. LOH events were unequally distributed over the two copies of chromosome 9 with 44 of the 49 losses occurring on the same copy of the chromosome (p<0.0001). When considering adjacent markers with LOH as potentially having occurred by one genetic event, the distribution is still significant with 21 events of 26 in total having occurred on the same chromosome (p<0.002). We conclude that in the stepwise accumulation of LOH on chromosome 9 during tumor evolution one of the chromosome copies is predominantly affected. These results would suggest that one of the chromosome copies became genetically instable early on in tumorigenesis.
A Clinical Lecture ON A FURTHER SERIES OF CASES OF TOTAL EXTIRPATION OF THE PROSTATE FOR RADICAL CURE OF ENLARGEMENT OF THAT ORGAN: Delivered at the Medical Graduates' College and Polyclinic, January 15th, 1902
Authors: P. J. Freyer
Journal: BMJ (1902)

bladder, each the size of half a cricket-ball, with a deep vertical cleft between them, throdgh which the "Iwll'ttt'tsal 'ftrturit catheter was felt passing into the bladder.A small ON A FURTHER SERIES OF CASES OF phosphatic concretion, lying free in the bladder, was removed.The mucous memrane over the most prominent TOTAL EXTIRPATION OF rTHE PROSTATE FOR part of the right lobe was then snipped by scissors, the inei- RADICAL CURE OF ENLARGEMENT OF sion enlarged by the flinger nail, and that portion of the ]RADICAL CRE OF'EiNL GEMENT OF lobe (Fig. x, A'B') easily and rapidly detached from its; THIAT ORGAN.mueous covering, wh1ehcwas pushed down off it.The pro-.minent portion of the left' lobe (Fig. I,AB) was similarly Delivered at the Medical Graduates' College a4td Polyctinic; dealt with, the whole 'mass8 (A&' BB') then lying bare of January 15th, 1902.mucous membrane.Each half of this mass was then for By P. J. FREYER, M.A., M.D., M.CH., convenience broken off by the finger along the line BB'), flush with the floor of the bladder, and withdrawn by Surgeon to St. Peter's
Florid cutaneous papillomatosis leading to social exclusion
Authors: B. Csete, M. Moezzi, Zs. Lengyel, B. Hodosi, E. Zombai, Z. Battyáni
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Journal Article Florid cutaneous papillomatosis leading to social exclusion Get access B. Csete, B. Csete Department of Dermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary E‐mail: benig@freemail.hu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Moezzi, M. Moezzi Department of Dermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary E‐mail: benig@freemail.hu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Zs. Lengyel, Zs. Lengyel Department of Dermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary E‐mail: benig@freemail.hu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Hodosi, B. Hodosi Department of Dermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary E‐mail: benig@freemail.hu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. Zombai, E. Zombai Department of Dermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary E‐mail: benig@freemail.hu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Z. Battyáni Z. Battyáni Department of Dermatology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary E‐mail: benig@freemail.hu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 153, Issue 3, 1 September 2005, Pages 667–669, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06772.x Published: 01 September 2005
The future of world health: The new world order and international health
Authors: J. Frenk, J. Sepulveda, O. Gomez-Dantes, M. J McGuinness, F. Knaul
Journal: BMJ (1997)

New global and national health challenges require a new response. National health situations are increasingly influenced by the international transfer of health risks posed by environmental threats, overuse of resources, international migration, trade in harmful legal products (tobacco), traffic of illicit drugs, and diffusion of potentially inappropriate and costly medical technologies and treatment policies. This situation calls for reform of national health systems, and a natural extension of such reform is reform of the world health system. The first step toward this goal should be to achieve consensus about the essential core functions of international health organizations their division of labor. Currently international health agencies have overlapping mandates and duplicate efforts, and they have neglected the following essential functions: monitoring emerging diseases, setting consumer health standards, providing international coordination to control the transfer of health risks, coordinating research efforts and technological development, designing information systems to facilitate development of national and global health policies, accumulating knowledge about cost-effectiveness of medical technologies and interventions, and creating a process for sharing information about national health system reform. Reform "essentialists" identify the following core functions for international health organizations: surveillance and control of globally-threatening diseases, promotion of research and technological development, development of standards and norms for international certification, protection of international refugees, and assisting vulnerable populations. Others give international health organizations a more expansive role including redistributing resources from rich to poor countries, political advocacy, direct regulation of transnational corporations, and intervention in national health projects. Consensus must be reached to effect reform.
Biomarkers for Coronary Heart Disease: Predictive Value or Background Noise?
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 20617: A Risk Score for Predicting Mortality in in 10,582 Patients Hospitalized With Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: David P Kao, JoAnn Lindenfeld
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTCM) is characterized by acute, reversible left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of epicardial coronary artery occlusion. Because of its rarity, little is known risk factors for mortality during initial presentation in patients with TTCM. Objectives: To describe risk factors for in-hospital mortality and major adverse events (MAE) in TTCM. Methods: Deidentified hospital data from California, New York, New Jersey, Vermont, New Hampshire, West Virginia, and Colorado between 2006 and 2012 were harmonized, and hospital records reporting the ICD-9 code 429.83 (takotsubo cardiomyopathy) were analyzed. Demographics, comorbidities, and in-hospital mortality were quantified. Characteristics independently associated with death were identified using multivariate logistic regression, and a risk score was calculated using positive multivariate predictors of in-hospital mortality. Performance in predicting death was compared with the full regression model using area under th...
The Value of Diagnostic Tests for Low Back Pain—Reply
Authors: Johan Hviid Andersen
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Some encouragement given for research into cannabis
Authors: John Warden
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The Home Office indicated last week that it is willing to set up “workshop talks” to discuss licensing procedures for research into the medical use of cannabis, and the Medical Research Council said that it would consider special treatment for clinical trials.

The offers were made when both bodies gave evidence to the House of Lords subcommittee that is inquiring into possible changes in the law relating to cannabis and its …
Is cytoplasmic localization of topoisomerase I (topo I) a mechanism of resistance for topo I inhibitors? Results from an NCCN sponsored phase II trial of gemcitabine and irinotecan in metastatic breast cancer.
Authors: Stacy L. Moulder, Nikola Valkov, Jana Gump, Pamela Munster, Susan Minton, John Horton, Mensura Lacevic, Caio Rocha Lima, Dan Sullivan
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5411 

Background: Preclinical data indicate that the incorporation of gemcitabine into DNA enhances cleavage complexes in vitro when combined with a topo I inhibitor. Since topo I requires nuclear localization to exert its activity, predominate localization of topo I within the cytoplasm may predict for drug resistance. Methods: After obtaining informed consent, 48 patients with anthracycline refractory MBC received therapy with gemcitabine at 1000mg/m2 and irinotecan at 100mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of a 21day cycle. Response was measured using RECIST criteria. Optional tumor biopsies were obtained by FNA in 9 patients prior to initiation of therapy. Topo I was detected by immunofluorescence using the C-21 murine monoclonal IgM antibody directed against an epitope in the C-terminal 67 kDa. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes a conserved epitope in all 5 histones was used to identify nuclei and function as an internal control for sample variation. Quantification of topo I was performed on 50 randomly selected tumor cells/sample with measurements confirmed by Adobe Photoshop 7.0. Each cellular compartment was quantified separately in pixels and nuclear/cytoplasmic ratios were calculated for each individual cell. Results: Of the 48 patients enrolled, 45 have been evaluated for response with an overall response rate of 25% (CR=0, PR=11). 3 patients had SD for >6 months for a clinical benefit rate of 32%. 7/9 tissue biopsies were assessable for top1 and are listed in the table below. Conclusion: Gemcitabine and irinotecan is an active combination for metastatic breast cancer. Topo I localization can be measured in breast tumors using FNA. In this data set, the two lowest nuclear to cytoplasmic ratios were associated with lack of response to irinotecan. Further validation is needed.



![Figure][1]  [1]: pending:yes
Preventing Colorectal Neoplasia Methods: Means and Myths
Authors: John Potter
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- Nov 4-8, 2007; Singapore

CN04-01 

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer death after lung and stomach cancer, with approximately 1 million new cases and over half a million deaths, worldwide, each year. This cancer shows 20- to 30-fold variation in age-adjusted rates internationally, the age-specific rates at older ages show several hundred-fold variation, and incidence rates can change very rapidly over time. The highest rates of CRC in the world are in Japan. The degree of difference from place to place and the rapidity of change over time are explainable, not by genes, but by changes in the environment - or perhaps by their interaction.    Rare familial forms of CRC are due to deleterious mutations in known and unknown genes; nonetheless, the large majority of CRC is not associated with a known inherited genetic lesion or even a strong family history. Known environmental factors increase risk (e.g., meat, smoking) and others reduce risk (e.g., vegetables, folate, aspirin, post-menopausal hormones, calcium and vitamin D). Many less dramatic genetic changes (polymorphisms) are relevant only in the presence of environmental factors.    In 1980, we proposed that estrogens would reduce risk of colon cancer and subsequently showed that, indeed, oral contraceptives and higher parity were associated with lower risk of colon cancer. The results of the Women’s Health Initiative trial show that PMH prevents CRC: more than 2 decades from original hypothesis to confirmation in a clinical trial.    The role of aspirin and other NSAIDs in lowering risk of CRC is well established, beginning with observations in animals, through the study showing that NSAIDs were effective even in FAP patients, to the results of randomized clinical trials of prevention of metachronous polyps. NSAIDs consistently lower risk of polyps and cancer in average-, moderate-, and high-risk individuals; longer duration of use predicts lower risk; and risk resumes after use is stopped.    Despite the emergence of clear evidence for the chemopreventive capacity of specific agents, the implementation of preventive regimens is problematic because of: differences in risk in the population, determined by age, genetic inheritance, lifestyle, and history; differences between the sexes; differences in effectiveness of agents; differences in the timing of use across the lifespan; and differences in the acceptable degree of possible harm.    Primary prevention by weight control and physical activity and secondary prevention by screening, early detection, and polypectomy contribute significantly to the ability of populations and individuals to lower their risk of CRC; the duration of protection following screening by sigmoidoscopy may be as long as 15 years or more.
Homology-based annotation yields 1,042 new candidate genes in the Drosophila melanogaster genome
Authors: Shuba Gopal, Mark Schroeder, Ursula Pieper, Alexander Sczyrba, Gulriz Aytekin-Kurban, Stefan Bekiranov, J. Eduardo Fajardo, Narayanan Eswar, Roberto Sanchez, Andrej Sali, Terry Gaasterland
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
TCT-57 Chronic Total Occlusion in a Non-Infarct Coronary Artery Exacerbates Prognosis of the Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yukio Mizuguchi, Takeshi Yamada, Norimasa Taniguchi, Shunsuke Nakajima, Tetsuya Hata, Akihiko Takahashi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Tumor Induction in Tracheal Grafts: A New Experimental Model for Respiratory Carcinogenesis Studies2
Authors: Joseph Kendrick, Paul Nettesheim, Anna S. Hammons
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

We described long-term survival of subcutaneous tracheal transplants in rats, mice, and hamsters. Instillation of carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons into established rat tracheal grafts resulted in the development of hyperplasia, dysplasia, and squamous metaplasia within 4–7 days. Similar epithelial changes were also induced with cigarette smoke condensate. In one study, which is still in progress, invasive squamous cell carcinomas developed in 7 of 13 tracheal grafts between 26 and 35 weeks after instillation of 5 mg of either 3-methyl-cholanthrene or benzo[a]pyrene. No tumors have as yet appeared in grafts receiving 1 mg of N-nitroso-methylurea. We discussed the usefulness of this experimental model for morphogenesis and cocarcinogenesis studies.
Abstract 16620: The Prognostic Value of Mechanical Dyssynchrony Measured by GSPECT MPI versus Electrical Dyssnchrony Measured by QRS Duration Among Patients With an Ejection Fraction &gt;35%
Authors: Paul L Hess, Linda K Shaw, Sana M Al-Khatib, Zainab Samad, Eric J Velazquez, Christopher M O’Connor, Salvador Borges-Neto
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Whether mechanical dyssynchrony measured by phase analysis of gated single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (GSPECT MPI) adds prognostic information to electrical dyssynchrony or is is associated with death among patients with an EF &gt;35% is incompletely understood. Methods: We identified consecutive patients with angiographically significant coronary disease who underwent GSPECT MPI in the Duke Databank for Cardiovascular Disease between July 2003 and May 2009. Serial Cox proportional hazards models consisting of clinical variables only, clinical variables plus electrical dyssynchrony as measured by QRS duration, clinical variables plus mechanical dyssynchrony according to the duration of the cardiac cycle during which 95% of the ventricle is initiating contraction (phase bandwidth),and a final model inclusive of all of these variables were fitted. Results: A total of 1,157 patients were identified. The median age was 64 (interquartile range (IQR) 55-72 years). Patients were predominantly white (73.8%), of male sex (67.7%), and had hypertension (76.7%). A minority had congestive heart failure (21.9%), peripheral vascular disease (10.5%), and cerebrovascular disease (12.2%). The median QRS duration was 92 (IQR 84-103) ms, while the median bandwidth was 58 (IQR 41-90)°. The median duration of follow-up was 4.3 (IQR 3.0-6.4) years. A total of 293 deaths were observed. Mechanical dyssynchrony added prognostic information independent of standard clinical variables and electrical dyssynchrony (Figure). Conclusions: Mechanical dyssynchrony measured by GSPECT MPI is independently associated with death and adds prognostic information above that provided by standard clinical covariates and electrical dyssynchrony among patients with an EF&gt;35%. Whether cardiac resynchronization therapy improves outcomes among patients with mechanical dyssynchrony measured by GSPECT requires further study.
Mutations in a gene encoding an ABC transporter cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum
Authors: Olivier Le Saux, Zsolt Urban, Cordula Tschuch, Katalin Csiszar, Barbara Bacchelli, Daniela Quaglino, Ivonne Pasquali-Ronchetti, F. Michael Pope, Allan Richards, Sharon Terry, Lionel Bercovitch, Anne de Paepe, Charles D. Boyd
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Infections Associated with Indwelling Medical Devices
Authors: Alan L Bisno, Francis A. Waldvogel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Foreign body infections: experimental model, host factors, microbial factors Molecular study of S. aureus surface proteins interacting with plasma and matrix proteins Microbial pathogenic factors, part I: small colony variants Microbial pathogenic factors, part II: biofilm mode of growth and slime production Biochemical and immunomodulating properties of extracellular slime substance Ocular infections Infections of central nervous system shunts Infected orthopedic prostheses Infections of prosthetic heart valves Infections of vascular grafts Pathogenesis, prevention and management of infections due to intravascular devices used for infusion therapy Infections associated with endotracheal intubation and tracheostomy Infections associated with foreign bodies in the urinary tract Infections associated with peritoneal and hemodialysis Infections of the female genital tract Antimicrobial prophylaxis of infections associated with foreign bodies Index
Abstract 14859: Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (OPCAB) Improves in-Hospital Outcomes in Patients With Mild to Moderate but Not Severe Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) — Insights From the CREDO-Kyoto Registry -
Authors: Akira Marui, Kenji Minakata, Shiro Tanaka, Senri Miwa, Kazuhiro Yamazaki, Tomohiro Nakata, Tadashi Ikeda, Yutaka Furukawa, Toru Kita, Takeshi Kimura, Ryuzo Sakata
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The use of cardiopulmonary bypass often deteriorates postoperative renal function particularly in patients with CKD. However, OPCAB may alleviate the renal damage compared with on-pump ...
Flt3 Ligand Synergizes With Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor or Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor to Mobilize Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Into the Peripheral Blood of Mice
Authors: Kenneth Brasel, Hilary J. McKenna, Keith Charrier, Phillip J. Morrissey, Douglas E. Williams, Stewart D. Lyman
Journal: Blood (1997)
Real-time imaging of apoptotic cell-membrane changes at the single-cell level in the beating murine heart
Authors: E.A. Dumont, C.P.M. Reutelingsperger, J.F.M. Smits, M.J.A.P. Daemen, P.A.F. Doevendans, H.J.J. Wellens, L. Hofstra
Journal: Nature Medicine (2001)