tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparative effects of pacing-induced and balloon coronary occlusion ischemia on left ventricular diastolic function in man.
Authors: J G Bronzwaer, B de Bruyne, C A Ascoop, W J Paulus
Journal: Circulation (1991)

Effects of pacing-induced and coronary occlusion myocardial ischemia on left ventricular (LV) function have been compared only in anesthetized dogs. Diastolic properties of the same LV anterior wall segment were therefore compared in 12 patients with single-vessel proximal left anterior descending coronary artery stenosis at rest, immediately after 7 +/- 1.2 minutes of pacing, and at the end of a 1-minute balloon occlusion of coronary angioplasty (CO).Shifts of the diastolic LV pressure-length relation, derived from simultaneous tip-micromanometer LV pressure recordings and digital subtraction LV angiograms, were used as an index of regional diastolic LV distensibility of the anterior wall segment. Immediately after pacing, LV end-diastolic pressure rose from 13.5 +/- 3.5 to 23.8 +/- 7.0 mm Hg (p less than 0.01 versus at rest) without a significant change of the LV end-diastolic volume index (83.1 +/- 18.9 versus 88.4 +/- 16.5 ml/m2), percentage systolic shortening (%SS) of the ischemic segment fell from 40.1 +/- 10.6% to 25.2 +/- 8.6% (p less than 0.01), and the diastolic LV pressure-radial length (P-RL) plot of the ischemic segment was shifted upward by 7.1 +/- 5.0 mm Hg for portions of the plot that overlapped with the diastolic LV P-RL plot at rest. At the end of CO, LV end-diastolic pressure rose to 20.8 +/- 7.8 mm Hg (p less than 0.01 versus at rest) and the LV end-diastolic volume index rose to 95.6 +/- 16.3 ml/m2 (p less than 0.05 versus at rest, p less than 0.05 versus after pacing). Ejection fraction and %SS of the ischemic segment fell respectively from 76.6 +/- 6.8% to 46.6 +/- 11.4% (p less than 0.01 versus at rest, p less than 0.01 versus after pacing) and from 40.1 +/- 10.6% to 6.4 +/- 8.6% (p less than 0.01 versus at rest, p less than 0.01 versus after pacing). The diastolic LV P-RL plot of the ischemic segment was shifted upward by 3.1 +/- 2.3 mm Hg for portions of the plot that overlapped with the diastolic LV P-RL plot at rest. This upward shift at the end of CO was significantly smaller (p less than 0.05) than that immediately after pacing. At the end of CO, a correlation (p less than 0.03) was observed for the ischemic segment between %SS and upward shift of the diastolic LV P-RL plot.The upward shift of the diastolic LV P-RL plot, which was used as an index of decreased regional diastolic LV distensibility, was larger immediately after pacing than at the end of CO. Persistent systolic shortening of ischemic myocardium seems to be a prerequisite for a decrease in diastolic distensibility of the ischemic segment because of the higher %SS of the ischemic segment immediately after pacing, and because of the correlation at the end of CO between the upward shift of the diastolic LV P-RL plot and %SS of the ischemic segment.
Prompt plasma exchanges and immunosuppressive treatment improves the outcomes of anti-factor H autoantibody-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome in children
Authors: Aditi Sinha, Ashima Gulati, Savita Saini, Caroline Blanc, Aarti Gupta, Bahadur Singh Gurjar, Himanshi Saini, Shambhuprasad T. Kotresh, Uma Ali, Divya Bhatia, Alpana Ohri, Manish Kumar, Indira Agarwal, Sanjeev Gulati, Kanav Anand, M. Vijayakumar, Rajiv Sinha, Sidharth Sethi, Maud Salmona, Anna George, Vineeta Bal, Geetika Singh, Amit K. Dinda, Pankaj Hari, Satyajit Rath, Marie-Agnes Dragon-Durey, Arvind Bagga, None for the Indian HUS Registry
Journal: Kidney International (2013)
Case 30-1999
Authors: Dominic J. Nompleggi, Henry Y. Dong
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Presentation of CaseAn 86-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of gastrointestinal bleeding with abdominal pain.The gastrointestinal bleeding had begun a year and a half earlier. The patient was hospitalized at that time because of several episodes of hematochezia and iron-deficiency anemia, with a hematocrit of 26 percent, while he was taking warfarin for the treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy. Laboratory tests were performed (Table 1). Colonoscopic examination and an esophagogastroduodenoscopic study showed no important lesions. The patient was discharged with prescriptions for warfarin and ferrous sulfate, in addition to his other medications.Eleven months before the current . . .
ONE THOUSAND CASES IN STUDENTS' OUTDOOR OBSTETRIC PRACTICE.REPORT OF FIRST SERIES IN THE OUTDOOR OBSTETRIC DEPARTMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF MEDICINE.
Authors: JOHN F. WINN
Journal: JAMA (1903)

I have the pleasure of submitting my report of the first series of 1,000 cases in the outdoor obstetric department of the University College of Medicine for the period of (nearly) eight years, ending Oct. 23, 1902. To be strictly accurate, a service of seventy-six months is represented, the two stations not being provided with regular attendants during four of the college vacations. Of course, the average number of patients treated annually increases year by year, as the service becomes better known. As far as I know, this work is the first attempt on the part of any medical school in the southern states to conduct a systematic and regularly organized free service for lying-in women at their own homes. Each office or station is centrally located in a laboring district, and fitted up for the residence of three students who respond to obstetric calls only. It is befitting to
Short-term memory of danger signals or environmental stimuli in mesenchymal stem cells: implications for therapeutic potential
Authors: Guang-Yang Liu, Yang Liu, Ying Lu, Ya-Ru Qin, Guo-Hu Di, Yong-Hong Lei, Hu-Xian Liu, Yan-Qi Li, Chutse Wu, Xian-Wen Hu, Hai-Feng Duan
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2015)
Outcome of treatment in children with hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: James B. Nachman, Nyla A. Heerema, Harland Sather, Bruce Camitta, Erik Forestier, Christine J. Harrison, Nicole Dastugue, Martin Schrappe, Ching-Hon Pui, Giuseppe Basso, Lewis B. Silverman, Gritta E. Janka-Schaub
Journal: Blood (2007)
Pesticides Pose Concern About Children's Diet
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1993)

IN THE LIGHT of "potential concern" that some children may be exposed to unsafe amounts of pesticides in the foods they eat, a committee of the National Research Council is recommending that changes be made in regulating pesticides used on food products to reflect the "unique characteristics of the diets of infants and children." As the council's report was being unveiled last month, the government announced that it intends to reduce the use of pesticides in food products. Three federal agencies are being charged with carrying out this task: the Department of Agriculture, Environmental Protection Agency, and Food and Drug Administration. In its report, the council notes that the exposure of infants and children to dietary pesticides differs both qualitatively and quantitively from that of adults. Consequently, the question is whether the present regulatory approach to controlling residual pesticides in foods is adequate to protect this particularly vulnerable group. The
Fractalkine (CX3CL1) as an amplification circuit of polarized Th1 responses
Authors: Paolo Fraticelli, Marina Sironi, Giancarlo Bianchi, Daniele D’Ambrosio, Cristina Albanesi, Antonella Stoppacciaro, Marcello Chieppa, Paola Allavena, Luigi Ruco, Giampiero Girolomoni, Francesco Sinigaglia, Annunciata Vecchi, Alberto Mantovani
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Fractalkine (FKN, CX3CL1) is a membrane-bound CX3C chemokine induced by primary proinflammatory signals in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Here we examined the role of FKN in polarized Th1 or Th2 responses. Proinflammatory signals, including LPS, IL-1, TNF, and CD40 ligand, induced FKN, as did IFN-γ, which had synergistic activity with TNF. IL-4 and IL-13 did not stimulate the expression of FKN and markedly reduced induction by TNF and IFN-γ. TNF alone or combined with IFN-γ also induced release of soluble FKN, which was inhibited by IL-4 and IL-13. In light of this differential regulation of FKN by the master cytokines that control polarized responses, we analyzed the interaction of FKN with natural killer (NK) cells and polarized T-cell populations. NK cells expressed high levels of the FKN receptor CX3CR1 and responded to FKN. CX3CR1 was preferentially expressed in Th1 compared with Th2 cells. Th1 but not Th2 cells responded to FKN. By immunohistochemistry, FKN was expressed on ECs in psoriasis, a Th1-dominated skin disorder, but not in Th2-driven atopic dermatitis. Similarly, ECs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis granulomatous lymphadenitis, but not those in reactive lymph node hyperplasia or in Castelman's disease, showed immunoreactive FKN. These results indicate that regulated expression of FKN in ECs participates in an amplification circuit of polarized type I responses.
Nationwide protocol is needed for investigating baby deaths
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2004)

An inquest into every sudden infant death and a rule that autopsies in such cases be performed only by pathologists with paediatric training are among radical reforms called for this week by a working group of two UK royal colleges.

The recommendations come after widespread public concern over the cases of Sally Clark and Angela Cannings, who served years in prison before their convictions for murdering their babies were overturned on appeal, and Trupti Patel, who was acquitted of murdering three of her babies.

Key recommendations are for a nationwide protocol for the investigation of unexpected baby deaths and greater …
Antidesmoplakin antibodies in pemphigus vulgaris
Authors: E. Cozzani, M.G. Dal Bello, A. Mastrogiacomo, M. Drosera, A. Parodi
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Besides being present in paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP), circulating antidesmoplakin (DP) antibodies have been found anecdotally in other bullous diseases, including pemphigus foliaceus and pemphigus vulgaris.To verify how frequent anti-DP antibodies are in pemphigus vulgaris.We studied 48 sera from patients with proven pemphigus vulgaris (29 mucosal dominant pemphigus and 19 mucocutaneous pemphigus) by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) with rat bladder epithelium (RBE) as a substrate and by immunoblotting (IB) on human keratinocyte cultures enriched in DP.Ten sera (21%) were positive in IIF on RBE. By IB, eight sera proved to have antibodies to both DP I (250 kDa) and DP II (210 kDa), one serum had antibodies directed to DP I only, and two sera to DP II only.Our data confirm that RBE is not a specific IIF substrate for the serological diagnosis of PNP. It remains a sensitive and specific substrate for the detection of anti-DP antibodies, which, in patients with pemphigus vulgaris, are probably caused by an epitope-spreading phenomenon.
The Clinical Significance of Positive Cultures and of Isoniazid-resistant Tubercle Bacilli during the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis: Report to the Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Trials Committee of the Medical Research Council
Authors: W. Fox, I. Sutherland
Journal: Thorax (1955)

Within a few months of the introduction of isoniazid (isonicotinic acid hydrazide) in the treat- ment of pulmonary tuberculosis, reports appeared of the frequent and rapid emergence of isoniazid- resistant bacteria when the drug was used alone (Medical Research Council, 1952; Ferebee and Long, 1953; Lotte and Poussier, 1953; U.S. Veterans Administration, 1953).In view of earlier experience with streptomycin (Medical Research Council, 1948;Ferebee and Appel, 1951), this was regarded as an undesirable feature of isoniazid therapy.First it was presumed that a patient yielding resistant organisms would derive no further, or at best reduced, benefit from continued treatment with the drug.Secondly there was a risk that contacts might be infected with isoniazid-resistant organisms.In Great Britain, as a consequence, the widespread use of isoniazid alone stopped, and research was directed to the prevention of isoniazid resistance by the use of other anti-tuberculosis drugs in combination with isoniazid.Various combina- tions have since been shown to reduce considerably the incidence of isoniazid resistance (Medical
Beware the “Texas sharp shooter” in rate ratios of progression
Authors: Anna C Goodman
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Glasziou et al's method of calculating rate ratios of progression (stable unchanging condition before v change shortly after the intervention) is appealing,1 but we need to be wary of a “Texas sharp shooter” effect. This effect is usually associated in epidemiology with the problem of interpreting apparent clusters …
SYPHILITIC CHANCRES OF THE LIPS
Authors: HERMAN GOODMAN, SADIE GOODMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1924)

Journal Article SYPHILITIC CHANCRES OF THE LIPS Get access HERMAN GOODMAN, B.S., M.D., HERMAN GOODMAN, B.S., M.D. New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SADIE GOODMAN, D.D.S. SADIE GOODMAN, D.D.S. New York City Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 36, Issue 6, 1 June 1924, Pages 253–257, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1924.tb09191.x Published: 01 June 1924
Airway wall geometry in asthma and nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis
Authors: S. Siddiqui, S. Gupta, G. Cruse, P. Haldar, J. Entwisle, S. Mcdonald, P. J. Whithers, S. V. Hainsworth, H. O. Coxson, C. Brightling
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Variable airflow obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) are features of asthma, which are absent in nonasthmatic eosinophilic bronchitis (EB). Airway remodelling is characteristic of both conditions suggesting that remodelling and airway dysfunction are disassociated, but whether the airway geometry differs between asthma and nonasthmatic EB is uncertain.We assessed airway geometry by computed tomography (CT) imaging in asthma vs EB. A total of 12 subjects with mild-moderate asthma, 14 subjects with refractory asthma, 10 subjects with EB and 11 healthy volunteers were recruited. Subjects had a narrow collimation (0.75 mm) CT scan from the aortic arch to the carina to capture the right upper lobe apical segmental bronchus (RB1). In subjects with asthma and EB, CT scans were performed before and after a 2-week course of oral prednisolone (0.5 mg/kg).Mild-moderate and refractory asthma were associated with RB1 wall thickening in contrast to subjects with nonasthmatic EB who had maintained RB1 patency without wall thickening [mean (SD) % wall area and luminal area mild-t0-moderate asthma 67.7 (7.3)% and 6.6 (2.8) mm(2)/m(2), refractory asthma 67.3 (5.6)% and 6.7 (3.4) mm(2)/m(2), healthy control group 59.7 (6.3)% and 8.7 (3.8) mm(2)/m(2), EB 61.4 (7.8)% and 11.1 (4.6) mm(2)/m(2) respectively; P < 0.05]. Airway wall thickening of non-RB1 airways generation three to six was a feature of asthma only. There was no change in airway geometry of RB1 after prednisolone. Proximal airway wall thickening was associated with AHR in asthma (r = -0.56; P = 0.02).Maintained airway patency in EB may protect against the development of AHR, whereas airway wall thickening may promote AHR in asthma.
Surveillance of whooping cough should continue
Authors: R. C Matthews
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—Crowcroft and Britto's editorial on whooping cough gives little evidence of global resurgence, mentioning only limited outbreaks associated with strains producing variants of pertactin and pertussis toxin and no adverse role associated with variants among British or French isolates.1These two components are virulence factors in mice, but antibodies to them correlated poorly with protection of children, and acellular vaccines containing them have been less efficacious than whole cell vaccine.2 

Of more concern is the reliability of the diagnosis of pertussis …
Another way of screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia
Authors: P. F Tyerman
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—We would like to suggest that there is an easier and more cost effective method of screening the population for hyperlipidaemia than that discussed in Marks et al's paper.1

The diagnosis of familial hyperlipidaemia requires a family history. In primary care one would expect patients to have a check of blood pressure at least every five years. A screen of family history might on average add 30 seconds to this consultation.

In our practice (list size 5200), using a cost of £25/h, this would …
Effects of Combination of ACE Inhibitor and Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Cardiac Remodeling, Cardiac Function, and Survival in Rat Heart Failure
Authors: Shokei Kim, Minoru Yoshiyama, Yasukatsu Izumi, Hitomi Kawano, Manabu Kimoto, Yumei Zhan, Hiroshi Iwao
Journal: Circulation (2001)

The mechanism and treatment of diastolic heart failure are poorly understood. We compared the effects of an ACE inhibitor, an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB), and their combination on diastolic heart failure in Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) rats.DS rats fed an 8% NaCl diet from 7 weeks of age were treated with benazepril 10 mg/kg alone, valsartan 30 mg/kg alone, or combined benazepril and valsartan at 5 and 15 mg/kg, respectively, or at 1 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. At 16 weeks of age, DS rats exhibited prominent concentric left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction with preserved systolic function, as estimated by echocardiography. Despite comparable hypotensive effects among all drug treatments, the combination of benazepril 5 mg/kg and valsartan 15 mg/kg improved diastolic dysfunction and survival in DS rats more effectively than ACE inhibitor or ARB alone. Furthermore, the increase in LV endothelin-1 levels and hydroxyproline contents in DS rats was significantly suppressed only by combined benazepril and valsartan, and LV atrial natriuretic peptide mRNA upregulation in DS rats was suppressed to a greater extent by the combination therapy than monotherapy.The combination of ACE inhibitor and ARB, independently of the hypotensive effect, improved LV phenotypic change and increased LV endothelin-1 production and collagen accumulation, diastolic dysfunction, and survival in a rat heart failure model more effectively than either agent alone, thereby providing solid experimental evidence that the combination of these 2 agents is more beneficial than monotherapy for treatment of heart failure.
NGF receptor reexpression and NGF-mediated cholinergic neuronal hypertrophy in the damaged adult neostriatum
Authors: Fred H. Gage, Peter Batchelor, Karen S. Chen, Donna Chin, Gerald A. Higgins, Sookyong Koh, Stephen Deputy, Michael B. Rosenberg, Walter Fischer, Anders Bjorklund
Journal: Neuron (1989)
Integrating Health Care Delivery and Data Collection in Rural India Using a Rapidly Deployable eHealth Center
Authors: Anurag Agrawal, Jaijit Bhattacharya, Nishant Baranwal, Sushil Bhatla, Salil Dube, Viren Sardana, Devender R. Gaur, Danica Balazova, Samir K. Brahmachari
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2013)

The Health in Action section is a forum for individuals
AURAL VERTIGO (MENIERE'S DISEASE.)Read in the Section of Neurology and Medical Jurisprudence, at the Forty-fourth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association.
Authors: L. HARRISON METTLER
Journal: JAMA (1893)

The classical experiments of Flourens, in which destruction of the semicircular canals resulted in unstable equilibrium, were so brilliant and apparently so conclusive that it seemed very proper to attribute the vertigo in so-called Meniere's disease to the hemorrhagic obstruction and consequent interference with the normal function of these same organs. Medical literature abounds with cases where-in a sudden attack of vertigo associated with loss of hearing was diagnosed as hemorrhage into the labyrinth, without further investigation into the correctness of the inference. I have never felt convinced that such an explanation was the true one for the majority of these cases. In the first place, vertigo is a mental phenomenon of far too complicated a character to presuppose so simple an origin. In the second place, it is not positively proved that the semicircular canals preside over the maintenance of general equilibrium, for experiments have been made which indicate
Differences in Distribution of Myocardial Abnormalities in Patients with Obstructive and Nonobstructive Asymmetric Septal Hypertrophy (ASH)
Authors: BARRY J. MARON, VICTOR J. FERRANS, WALTER L. HENRY, CHESTER E. CLARK, DAVID R. REDWOOD, WILLIAM C. ROBERTS, ANDREW G. MORROW, STEPHEN E. EPSTEIN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Previous studies have shown that abnormal cellular morphology is present in the ventricular septum of patients with asymmetric septal hypertrophy (ASH). The present study was undertaken to determine whether these morphologic abnormalities are limited to the ventricular septum of patients with ASH or are more diffusely distributed throughout the heart, and whether different patterns of distribution of the cellular abnormalities exist in patients with and patients without left ventricular outflow obstruction. Myocardium was obtained at operation or necropsy from 22 patients, including 14 with obstructive and eight with non-obstructive ASH, and studied by both light and electron microscopy. Many hypertrophied, bizarrely shaped, and abnormally arranged cardiac muscle cells, presumably a morphologic manifestation of the genetically transmitted myocardial defect in ASH, were present in the ventricular septum of all patients. In patients with obstructive ASH, these abnormalities were either absent or rarely found in muscle from the left and right ventricular free walls. This observation suggests that functional limitation in these patients is due largely to left ventricular outflow obstruction. In contrast, numerous disorganized cells were extensively distributed in the left and right ventricular feee walls from seven of eight symptomatic patients with non-obstructive ASH, suggesting that these abnormalities probably contribute importantly to functional impairment in such patients.
(2) Comparative toxicity of antimicrobial agents on transformed human keratinocytes
Authors: F.M. Tatnall, I.M. Leigh, J.R. Gibson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article (2) Comparative toxicity of antimicrobial agents on transformed human keratinocytes Get access F.M. Tatnall, F.M. Tatnall Department of Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I.M. Leigh, I.M. Leigh Department of Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.R. Gibson J.R. Gibson Department of Dermatology, The London Hospital, London E1 1BB Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue s32, 1 June 1987, Pages 31–32, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb12020.x Published: 01 June 1987