tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Brief Report: A Phase II “Window-of-Opportunity” Frontline Study of the mTOR Inhibitor, Temsirolimus Given as a Single Agent in Patients with Advanced NSCLC, an NCCTG Study
Authors: Thanyanan Reungwetwattana, Julian R. Molina, Sumithra J. Mandrekar, Katie Allen-Ziegler, Kendrith M. Rowland, Nicholas F. Reuter, Ronnie F. Luyun, Grace K. Dy, Randolph S. Marks, Steven E. Schild, James R. Jett, Alex A. Adjei
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Intravenous Urea in the Therapy of Increased Intracranial Pressure with Lead Encephalopathy
Authors: Richard A. Katz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1960)

IN recent years the widespread use of edathamil (EDTA)‡ for treatment of acute lead encephalopathy has led to a marked reduction in the incidence of severe neurologic abnormalities after therapy.1 , 2 There has been no concomitant reduction of mortality, however, and the death rate remains at 15 to 25 per cent.2 3 4 5 Marked elevation of intracranial pressure has frequently been observed during the first forty-eight hours after the onset of edathamil therapy, and most fatal cases have occurred during that period.2 The problems and frequently disappointing results associated with the usual methods of managing increased intracranial pressure recently led to the trial . . .
Source Apparently As Important As Content of Some Genes
Authors: Beverly Merz
Journal: JAMA (1989)

WHETHER MOM OR DAD was responsible for a patient's blue eyes may not matter, but the identity of the parent who passed on a defective gene may drastically affect the course of the resultant disease. That was the word from investigators who reported on the effects of genetic imprinting at the recent annual short course in medical and mammalian genetics in Bar Harbor, Maine. The course was sponsored by Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Md, and the Jackson Laboratory in Bar Harbor. Genetic imprinting is defined as "the differential modification of parental contributions to the zygote, resulting in differential expression of information inherited from those parents." In other words, a gene inherited from the mother may be expressed differently from an identical gene inherited from the father. The imprinting paradigm is providing an explanation for many heretofore unexplained phenomena seen in both laboratory experiments and in clinical genetics. Said Judith
Bone density parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in middle aged women.
Authors: K. T. Khaw, M. J. Sneyd, J. Compston
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the relation between bone density and indices of calcium metabolism including parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations in middle aged women. DESIGN--A cross sectional study. SETTING AND SUBJECTS--138 women volunteers aged 45-65 with no known osteoporosis and unselected for disease status recruited for a dietary assessment study from the community using general practice registers. Volunteer rate was 20%. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Bone mineral density measured with dual energy x ray absorptiometry. RESULTS--Bone density at the lumbar spine and neck and trochanteric regions of the femur was inversely related to serum intact parathyroid hormone concentrations and positively related to serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations. These associations were independent of possible confounding factors, including age, body mass index, cigarette smoking habit, menopausal status, and use of diuretics and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. These associations were apparent throughout the whole distribution of bone density and 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone concentrations within the normal range, suggesting a physiological relation. CONCLUSIONS--The findings are consistent with the hypothesis that parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations influence bone density in middle aged women. Findings from this study together with other work suggest that the role of vitamin D in osteoporosis should not be neglected. The associations with parathyroid hormone also indicate plausible biological mechanisms. The roughly 5-10% difference in bone density between top and bottom tertiles of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations, though not large in magnitude, may have considerable public health implications in terms of prevention of osteoporosis and its sequelae, fractures.
Karl Jaspers and American Psychiatry
Authors: LESTON L. HAVENS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Karl Jaspers has greatly influenced the development of phenomenology, the concept of process, and existential analysis. His writings on psychopathology, largely unknown in the United States, represent the most detailed rationale of eclecticism in psychiatry. The author reviews the growth of Jaspers' thought out of Kraepelin's and its relation to the psychiatry of content, ego psychology, and the psychotherapies.
STEM CELL FACTOR OVER–EXPRESSION IMPROVES CARDIAC FUNCTION AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN SWINE
Authors: Kiyotake Ishikawa, Elisa Yaniz–Galende, Jaime Aguero, Lisa Tilemann, Dongtak Jeong, Lifan Liang, Kenneth Fish, Kevin Costa, Eddie Eltoukhy, Daniel Anderson, Roger Hajjar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Additive role of tiotropium in severe asthmatics and Arg16Gly in <i>ADRB2</i> as a potential marker to predict response
Authors: H.‐W. Park, M.‐S. Yang, C.‐S. Park, T.‐B. Kim, H.‐B. Moon, K.‐U. Min, Y.‐Y. Kim, S.‐H. Cho
Journal: Allergy (2009)

Recent findings have raised new interests about the use of anticholinergics, especially tiotropium, for the treatment of asthma. This study was performed to determine whether an additional improvement in lung function is obtained when tiotropium is administrated in addition to conventional therapies in severe asthmatics, and to identify factors capable of predicting the response to tiotropium, using a pharmacogenetic approach.A total of 138 severe asthmatics on conventional medications and with decreased lung function were randomly recruited. Tiotropium 18 microg was added once a day and lung functions were measured every 4 weeks. Responders were defined as those with an improvement of > or = 15% (or 200 ml) in the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) that was maintained for at least 8 successive weeks. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CHRM1-3 (coding muscarinic receptors one to three) which were identified by re-sequencing, and Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu in ADRB2 (coding beta(2) adrenoreceptor) were scored in 80 of the 138 asthmatics.Forty-six of the 138 asthmatics (33.3%) responded to tiotropium treatment. Logistic regression analyses (controlled for age, gender, and smoking status) showed that Arg16Gly in ADRB2 [P = 0.003, OR (95% CI) = 0.21 (0.07-0.59) in a minor allele-dominant model] was significantly associated with response to tiotropium.As many as 30% of severe asthmatics on conventional medications with reduced lung function were found to respond to adjuvant tiotropium. The presence of Arg16Gly in ADRB2 may predict response to tiotropium.
A STUDY OF THE CASES OF AMEBIC DYSENTERY OCCURRING AT THE JOHNS HOPKINS HOSPITAL.
Authors: THOMAS B. FUTCHER
Journal: JAMA (1903)

It is not the intention in this paper to attempt a complete historic account of amebic dysentery. I wish merely to recall the fact that it was Lösch,<sup>1</sup>of St. Petersburg, who in 1875 was the first to give an accurate description of amebæ in the stools of a dysenteric patient. Although Lambl and Cunningham had previously described amebæ in the stools of infants and cholera patients, it remained for Lösch to associate the amebæ with dysentery in the relation of cause to effect. It was also Lösch who gave to the organism the name<i>Amœba coli</i>, a name that is still in very general use. Kruse and Pasquale advocate the adoption of the term<i>Amœba dysenteriœ</i>, first suggested by Councilman and Lafleur, to designate the pathogenic ameba, reserving the name<i>Amœba coli</i>(Lösch) for the non-pathogenic ameba occasionally found in the normal healthy intestine. In
Does Thrombolytic Therapy Facilitate or Foil Primary PCI?
Authors: Jane A. Leopold
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Sir Winston Churchill once said, “It's not enough that we do our best; sometimes we have to do what is required.” Such a sentiment underlies the premise of facilitated percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a therapeutic strategy of pharmacologic thrombolysis before mechanical intervention for the treatment of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Despite our best efforts to provide timely primary PCI to improve myocardial salvage, patient-related delays to presentation, the necessity for transfer of the patient to a facility capable of performing PCI, and presentation of the patient to the hospital during off-hours may all conspire to extend the time from the . . .
Human CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cell-directed lentiviral-mediated gene therapy in a xenotransplantation model of lysosomal storage disease
Authors: A.Alex Hofling, Steven Devine, Carole Vogler, Mark S Sands
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

As a group, lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) affect roughly 1 in 6700 live births. Treatment of patients with enzyme replacement therapy or allogeneic bone marrow transplantation is severely limited by cost and clinical complications, respectively. In this study, the efficacy of gene therapy targeted to human hematopoietic progenitor cells was investigated for mucopolysaccharidosis type VII (MPSVII), a LSD caused by beta-glucuronidase (GUSB) deficiency. Clinical experience has emphasized the need to evaluate transduction protocols directly with human cells through in vivo assays. Therefore, GUSB-deficient mobilized peripheral blood CD34(+) cells from a patient with MPSVII were transduced with a third-generation lentiviral vector encoding human GUSB and then assessed in a xenotransplantation system. In this novel strategy, the xenotransplanted murine recipients were also GUSB-deficient, allowing a detailed evaluation of therapeutic efficacy in a host with MPSVII. Twelve weeks posttransplantation, lymphomyeloid expression of GUSB was detected in 10.8 +/- 1.6% of the human cells in the bone marrow with an average of 1 to 2 vector genomes measured per positive cell. The corrected cells distributed widely throughout recipient tissues, resulting in significant therapeutic effects including improvements in biochemical parameters and reduction of the lysosomal distension of several host tissues.
Correction: "Recovery Only" ST-Segment Depression
Authors: Victor F. Froelicher, Bruce Lachterman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Letters and Corrections15 August 1990Correction: "Recovery Only" ST-Segment DepressionVictor F. Froelicher, MD, Bruce Lachterman, MDVictor F. Froelicher, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Bruce Lachterman, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-113-4-333_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:We recently reported the predictive values of ST-segment changes occurring only in the recovery period of exercise testing (1). These relatively high predictive values were an important observation because the recovery period electrocardiographic (ECG) data can be obscured or missed in analyzing the exercise test by a cool-down walk (2), nuclear procedures (3), and ST-segment scores (4). A cool-down walk has even been recommended for safety reasons (5). Colleagues have pointed out, however, that it was inappropriate to include patients with previous myocardial infarctions in our population. When evaluating diagnostic criteria, such patients should be excluded as...References1. LachtermanLehmannAbrahamsonFroelicher BKDV. "Recovery only" ST-segment depression and the predictive accuracy of the exercise test. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112:11-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. GutmanBruce RR. Delay of ST depression after maximal exercise by walking for 2 minutes. Circulation. 1970;42:229. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. DetranoJanosiMarcondesAbbassiLyonsFroelicher RAGNKV. Factors affecting sensitivity and specificity of a diagnostic test: the exercise thallium scintigram. Am J Med. 1988;84:699-710. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. FroelicherMarcondes VG. A Manual of Exercise Testing. Chicago: Year Book Medical Publishers; 1987. Google Scholar5. GibbonsCooper LK. The safety of maximal exercise testing. Circulation. 1989;80:846. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar6. GianrossiDetranoMulvihill RRD. Exercise-induced ST depression in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. A meta-analysis. Circulation. 1989;80:87-98. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar7. YangWesleyFroelicher JRV. Exercise-induced ventricular tachycardia: risk and prognosis [Abstract]. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1990;15:252A. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 August 1990Volume 113, Issue 4Page: 333-334KeywordsElectrocardiographyExerciseMyocardial infarctionSafety ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 15 August 1990 PDF downloadLoading ...
REMARKS ON SCLERODERMIA
Authors: F. H. Barendt
Journal: BMJ (1920)

L=AS.of those whobare least able .tobear-t?You remember what Braitus says:By heaven, I would rather coin my heat* to.gold,And dropmy blood in drachmas thantotwtifig iFromi the hard hands of peaaats their,vile trash By any indirection.The railway strike might-have besn devised on
British sex survey shows popularity of monogamy
Authors: A Tonks
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Achondrogenesis II-hypochondrogenesis and severe spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia congenita (SEDC) are lethal forms of dwarfism caused by dominant mutations in the type II collagen gene (<i>COL2A1</i>). To identify the underlying defect in seven cases with this group of conditions, we used the combined strategy of cartilage protein analysis and<i>COL2A1</i> mutation analysis. Overmodified type II collagen and the presence of type I collagen was found in the cartilage matrix of all seven cases. Five patients were heterozygous for a nucleotide change that predicted a glycine substitution in the triple helical domain (G313S, G517V, G571A, G910C, G943S). In all five cases, analysis of cartilage type II collagen suggested incorporation of the abnormal α1(II) chain in the extracellular collagen trimers. The G943S mutation has been reported previously in another unrelated patient with a strikingly similar phenotype, illustrating the possible specific effect of the mutation. The radiographically less severely affected patient was heterozygous for a 4 bp deletion in the splice donor site of intron 35, likely to result in aberrant splicing. One case was shown to be heterozygous for a single nucleotide change predicted to result in a T1191N substitution in the carboxy-propeptide of the proα1(II) collagen chain. Study of the clinical, radiographic, and morphological features of the seven cases supports evidence for a phenotypic continuum between achondrogenesis II-hypochondrogenesis and lethal SEDC and suggests a relationship between the amount of type I collagen in the cartilage and the severity of the phenotype.
Immediate HbA1c Results: Performance of new HbA1c system in pediatric outpatient population
Authors: David G Marrero, Julie L Vandagriff, Reid Gibson, S Edwin Fineberg, Naomi S Fineberg, Charles E Hiar, Lawrence E Crowley
Journal: Diabetes Care (1992)

This study compared the performance of a new device that uses an IA to measure HbA1c in 9 min with a 1-microliter capillary blood sample with AC and CE methods in both nondiabetic and diabetic pediatric patients.Two hundred seven pediatric subjects (103 nondiabetic, 104 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) had HbA1c measured with the IA method and compared with total GHb values determined by AC and HbA1 by the CE method with the same whole-blood capillary aliquot. Glucose values were also obtained from the same blood samples.Correlations and regression analyses show excellent correspondence between the three assays. The correlation between the AC and CE methods is 0.98 (P less than 0.001) with a slope of 1.615 +/- 0.0125 and intercept of 4.00 +/- 0.20. The correlation between the IA and AC methods is 0.99 (P less than 0.001) with a slope of 0.608 +/- 0.007 and intercept of 1.326 +/- 0.066. The correlation between the IA and CE methods is 0.97 (P less than 0.001), with a slope of 0.983 +/- 0.018 and intercept of 1.122 +/- 0.153. The average difference and average percentage difference between methods were also significant (P less than 0.001), reflecting the differences in GHb components measured. There was a significant correlation (P less than 0.001) between each method and glucose values (IA r = 0.72, AC r = 0.70, CE r = 0.73). Within-run precision for IA ranged from 1.7 to 3.5% and between-run precision 2.7 to 4.1%.Study results suggest that the IA method gives extremely accurate and reliable values over the clinical range of interest. The instrument is small, portable, easy to use, and provides information within 9 min for both physicians and patients.
Ultrasonic Visualization in Determination of Tumor Growth Rate
Authors: R. F. Heimburger, R. C. Eggleton, F. J. Fry
Journal: JAMA (1973)

The growth rate of intracranial neoplasms has been studied extensively in three patients with the use of ultrasonic visualization methods. Normal and abnormal structural details in their brains have been compared to the brain structure of one patient without neoplastic disease. These patients' brains were scanned ultrasonically through the healed scalp, after a portion of the underlying calvaria had been removed during surgery for the neoplasm. Fissures, sulci, ventricles, cisterns, blood vessels, and some gray-white matter interfaces were visualized. Fine details of tumor proliferation and regression (glioblastoma multiforme and metastatic carcinoma) were accurately delineated. Ultrasound brain visualization has achieved sufficiently significant results to warrant its continued use through large skull defects to detect increase or decrease in the size of malignant neoplasia. The study also suggests that the substantial scientific effort required to provide comparable visualization through the intact skull be undertaken.
Atypical manifestations of gastro-oesophageal reflux
Authors: W J Issing, P D Karkos
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) refers to the symptoms and complications of abnormal passage of gastric contents into the oesophagus. Symptoms of GORD commonly include heartburn and acid regurgitation. Apart from this typical presentation of GORD, extra-oesophageal reflux disease often results in oral, pharyngeal, laryngeal and pulmonary disorders.1 Laryngopharyngeal reflux is the movement of gastric contents beyond the oesophagus up to the laryngeal and pharyngeal area. As well as pepsin and acid, gastric contents can include bile acids and pancreatic enzymes, all of which can injure tissues not adapted to them. Laryngopharyngeal reflux is known to contribute to posterior laryngitis, laryngeal contact ulcerations, laryngeal and pharyngeal cancer,2 subglottic stenosis and laryngospasm, dysphonias, pharyngitis, asthma, pneumonia, nocturnal choking and dental diseases.3
NDRG1/Cap43/Drg-1 may Predict Tumor Angiogenesis and Poor Outcome in Patients with Lung Cancer
Authors: Koichi Azuma, Akihiko Kawahara, Satoshi Hattori, Tomoki Taira, Junji Tsurutani, Kosuke Watari, Tomohiro Shibata, Yuichi Murakami, Shinzo Takamori, Mayumi Ono, Hiroto Izumi, Masayoshi Kage, Takashi Yanagawa, Kazuhiko Nakagawa, Tomoaki Hoshino, Michihiko Kuwano
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Yves Montand to be exhumed to test paternity
Authors: A. Dorozynski
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The Nougaret form of dominant stationary night blindness is linked to a G38D mutation in the rod transducin-α subunit (Tα). In this study, we have examined the mechanism of Nougaret night blindness using transgenic mice expressing TαG38D. The biochemical, electrophysiological, and vision-dependent behavioral analyses of the mouse model revealed a unique phenotype of reduced rod sensitivity, impaired activation, and slowed recovery of the phototransduction cascade. Two key deficiencies in TαG38D function, its poor ability to activate PDE6 (cGMP phosphodiesterase) and decreased GTPase activity, are found to be the major mechanisms altering visual signaling in transgenic mice. Despite these defects, rod-mediated sensitivity in heterozygous mice is not decreased to the extent seen in heterozygous Nougaret patients.
Complications associated with labial salivary gland biopsy in the investigation of connective tissue disorders.
Authors: A Richards, S Mutlu, C Scully, P Maddison
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Long-term synaptic plasticity is a putative mechanism for learning in adults. However, there is little understanding of how synaptic plasticity mechanisms develop or whether their maturation depends on experience. Since inhibitory synapses are particularly malleable to sensory stimulation, long-lasting potentiation of inhibitory synapses was characterized in auditory thalamocortical slices. Intracortical high-frequency electrical stimulation led to a 67% increase in inhibitory synaptic currents. In the absence of stimulation, inhibitory potentiation was induced by a brief exposure to exogenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF exposure occluded any additional potentiation by high-frequency afferent stimulation, suggesting that BDNF signaling is sufficient to account for inhibitory potentiation. Moreover, inhibitory potentiation was reduced significantly by extracellular application of a BDNF scavenger or by intracellular blockade of BDNF receptor [tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB)] signaling. In contrast, glutamatergic or GABAergic antagonists did not prevent the induction of inhibitory potentiation. Since BDNF and TrkB expression are influenced strongly by activity, we predicted that inhibitory potentiation would be diminished by manipulations that decrease central auditory activity, such as hearing loss. Two forms of hearing loss were examined: conductive hearing loss in which the cochleae are not damaged or sensorineural hearing loss in which both cochleae are removed. Both forms of hearing loss were found to reduce significantly the magnitude of inhibitory potentiation. These data indicate that early experience is necessary for the normal development of BDNF-mediated long-lasting inhibitory potentiation, which may be associated with perceptual deficits at later ages.
Ileal obstruction after duodenal metallic stent placement
Authors: O. Ozutemiz, F. Tekin, N. Oruc, G. Ersoz, A. Guler
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 45-year-old man was admitted to our department, with the symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. A gastric adenocancer metastatic to the liver had been diagnosed at an another institute 10 days previously. Endoscopy revealed pyloric obstruction due to advanced carcinoma of the gastric antrum. Abdominal computed tomography showed the gastric malignancy and liver metastases, and no lesions of the small or large bowel. An uncovered, 20 mm × 12 cm, self-expandable metallic stent (Ultraflex; Boston Scientific, Ireland) was deployed without any complication ([Fig. 1] a). The patient began to feed orally the next day, and we referred him to the medical oncology department for evaluation for chemotherapy.