tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18154: Can Longitudinal Strain Profile Reliably Distinguish Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy from Acute LAD Territory MI?: Analysis Using Speckle Tracking Imaging
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed, Timothy P Fitzgibbons, Peter Shaw, Aline Iskandar, Jorge Escobar Valle, Josiah Bote, Dennis Tighe, Gerard P Aurigemma
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Stress cardiomyopathy (SC) is an increasingly recognized syndrome. However after nearly 3 decades of study, it is still challenging to discriminate SC from acute left anterior descending artery (LAD-MI) at presentation by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), let alone clinically. Objective: to characterize global and regional left ventricular (LV) function using two-dimensional (2D) strain imaging Methods: We studied 22 female patients; 12 with apical variant SC and 10 LAD-MI pts. All pts underwent TTE and cardiac catheterization within 48h of the hospital admission. 2D longitudinal strain analysis from the 3 standard apical views (total of 18 segments per patient) was performed in a blinded fashion. Global longitudinal strain (GLS) was the average of all 18 segments. Results: The mean age (SC 62.7 ± 7.1 vs. MI 55.4 ± 14 yrs) and LVEF (SC 44.3 ± 8.7 vs. MI 44.0 ± 11.0 %) were not different between groups. When compared to SC, MI pts had a significantly higher troponin (31.9 ± 9.4 vs. 2.6 ± 0....
Abstract 1449: p70 S6 kinase signals tristetraprolin/Dicer-mediated maturation of microRNA-145 to regulate tumor metastasis
Authors: Sophia S.N. Lam, Carman K.M. Ip, Alice S.T. Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Ovarian cancer is a highly metastatic tumor characterized by malignant ascites spheroids, which represent one of the most important prognostic factors of poor clinical outcome. Multicellular aggregates known as spheroids (MCS) are important for anchorage-independent growth and metastasis. MCS are also an important phenomenon of cancer stem cells. However, the factors that regulate MCS formation are largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short non-coding RNAs that are critically involved in different oncogenic events by actively modulating mRNA and protein synthesis. Despite their clinical significance, processes regulating miRNA biogenesis remain obscure. Here, we identify N-cadherin as a key regulator of MCS formation activated in response to p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling, a downstream effector of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt which is hyperactive in human ovarian cancer. The results also identify a new mechanism of p70S6K function that mediates microRNA (miR)-145 coregulation of key transcription factors Twist and Sox-9, thereby enhancing N-cadherin and MCS formation. p70S6K regulates miR-145 by deactivating a distinct tristetraprolin (TPP)/Dicer program. The p70S6K phosphorylates TTP, leading to inhibition of interaction between TTP and Dicer and decreased TTP activity in miR-145 processing. Silencing of p70S6K enhances the TTP/Dicer interaction and its activating in regulating miR-145. These results providea novel regulatory mechanism of p70S6K involved in the formation and spread of MCS and insights on the development of new therapeutic targets (This work was supported by RGC grant HKU782111 and CUHK8/CRF/11R). Citation Format: Sophia S.N. Lam, Carman K.M. Ip, Alice S.T. Wong. p70 S6 kinase signals tristetraprolin/Dicer-mediated maturation of microRNA-145 to regulate tumor metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1449. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1449
Regular review: Delirium: optimising management
Authors: D. J Meagher
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome with an acute onset and fluctuating course; it is common in all medical settings. Delirium occurs in about 15-20% of all general admissions to hospital1; it occurs with higher frequency in elderly people and in those with pre-existing cognitive impairment.2 Delirium has many synonyms, reflecting its ubiquitous nature rather than distinct conditions. These synonyms include acute brain failure, acute confusional state, and post-operative psychosis. Delirium has not been well studied owing to methodological difficulties and a lack of consensus about its definition. Thus, delirium has been underappreciated as an independent entity that requires therapeutic intervention beyond identification of the syndrome and amelioration of the underlying cause. The development of a clearer definition, improved detection and assessment tools, and recognition of the significant independent morbidity associated with delirium have substantially changed this situation. These developments coupled with a greater awareness of the needs of an increasingly large population of elderly people3 make a review of the day to day management of patients with delirium timely.

#### Summary points

Delirium is especially common in elderly patients and poses a substantial challenge for clinicians

Delirium comprises a wide of range of symptoms, but the prevailing narrow definition impedes diagnosis and efforts to improve treatment

Diagnosis can be improved by clinicians becoming more aware of hypoactive presentations, incorporating cognitive assessment into routine practice, and using simple screening instruments

Environmental strategies for treatment are free of adverse effects but are underutilised

Neuroleptics (such as haloperidol) continue to be used as first line treatment, but benzodiazepines are indicated in specific situations

This review is based on the results of a Medline search for articles published between 1980 and 1999 using the key words “delirium,” “acute confusion,” “management,” and “treatment”; as well as hand searching for articles in major journals …
VOLUNTARY "UNILATERAL BREATHING"
Authors: E ROTHSTEIN, R STRZELCZYK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1951)

Article1 February 1951VOLUNTARY "UNILATERAL BREATHING"EMIL ROTHSTEIN, M.D., ROBERT STRZELCZYK, R.P.T.EMIL ROTHSTEIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ROBERT STRZELCZYK, R.P.T.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-34-2-401 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONIt is possible for an individual to control the respiratory movements of the chest wall to a marked degree. With a moderate amount of training one can learn to hold one side of the chest relatively motionless while making quite marked respiratory movements with the other side.This fact has been utilized by physical therapists for some years in an effort to secure differential mobility of portions of the chest wall. Various unilateral and segmental breathing exercises have been devised to overcome residual immobility and deformity after injuries or operations affecting the chest wall. These exercises have also been... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Wood, Wisconsin*Received for publication March 5, 1949.From the Tuberculosis Service, Dr. G. D. Guilbert, Chief of Service, and the Physical Medicine Rehabilitation Service, Veterans Administration Center, Wood, Wisconsin.Published with the permission of the Chief Medical Director, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Veterans Administration, who assumes no responsibility for the opinions expressed or conclusions drawn by the authors.†Now Chief of Tuberculosis Service, VAC, Dayton, Ohio. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Zwerchfellbewegungen bei Atmung in Seitenlage 1 February 1951Volume 34, Issue 2Page: 401-406KeywordsBreathingExerciseRehabilitation medicineSurgeryThorax ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1951 PDF downloadLoading ...
Evaluation of Age-Related Interstitial Myocardial Fibrosis With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Contrast-Enhanced T1 Mapping
Authors: Chia-Ying Liu, Yuan-Chang Liu, Colin Wu, Anderson Armstrong, Gustavo J. Volpe, Rob J. van der Geest, Yongmei Liu, William G. Hundley, Antoinette S. Gomes, Songtao Liu, Marcelo Nacif, David A. Bluemke, João A.C. Lima
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
288. Synergism between a Conditionally Replicating Adenovirus Expressing p53 and Oxaliplatin in the Antiproliferative Effects on Human Colon Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Harm C. A. Graat, M. Adhiambo Witlox, Frederik H. E. Schagen, Gertjan J. L. Kaspers, David T. Curiel, Marco N. Helder, Johannes Bras, Gerard R. Schaap, Winald R. Gerritsen, Paul I. J. M. Wuisman, Victor W. van Beusechem
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most prevalent malignant bone tumor in children and young adults.OS treatment consists of chemotherapy (such as cisplatin and doxorubicin) in combination with surgery. Despite new chemotherapeutic regimens the outcome has not improved over the last two decades. New treatment modalities for OS are therefore warranted. We are evaluating the use of conditionally replicative adenoviruses (CRAds) to treat osteosarcoma and the first results with a targeted CRAd (Ad5-Δ24RGD) are promising (Clin Cancer Res, 10: 61–67, 2004). Since synergistic combination effects of CRAds with chemotherapeutic agents, including cisplatin and doxorubicin, have been reported, we hypothesized that combination treatment with Ad5-Δ24RGD and cisplatin or doxorubicin would lead to increased efficacy against OS. We tested this on a panel of three OS cell lines (SaOs-2, MG-63 and U2OS) and eight primary OS short-term cultures. Cells were treated for six days with Ad5-Δ24RGD, cisplatin or doxorubicin as single agent or in combination. Cell viability was analyzed by WST-1 conversion assay. On OS cell lines, combination treatments were more effective than single agent treatments. The CRAd was synergistic with cisplatin or doxorubicin on two of three cell lines, as determined by CalcuSyn analysis. Interestingly however, on seven of eight primary samples (except for the fastest growing cell culture) the beneficial combination effect was not observed. In contrast to the results from OS cell lines, cisplatin and doxorubicin reduced the cytotoxic effect of Ad5-Δ24RGD in primary OS cells. In line with these data, quantitative PCR analysis showed that in slowly growing primary OS cultures, but not in the single fast growing culture and in SaOs-2 cells, viral replication was decreased by adding a sub-toxic dose of doxorubicin. Our findings underscore the importance of testing new genetic anti-cancer agents and treatment regimens on primary cancer specimens, because the outcome can be entirely different from results on cell lines.
Medical ethics, the Israeli Medical Association, and the state of the World Medical Association: Open letter to the BMA
Authors: D. Summerfield
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Persistent concerns have been raised about the role of the World Medical Association (WMA), the international watch-dog on medical ethics, in respect of their approach to the Israeli Medical Association (IMA) in particular.1 Matters have now come to a head with the news that Yoram Blachar, longstanding IMA president, has been elected as chairman of the WMA council.

The WMA must know the well founded criticism over many years of the medical ethical track record of the Israeli Medical Association (IMA). In 1996 Amnesty International concluded that Israeli doctors working with the security services “form part of a system in which detainees are tortured, ill treated, and humiliated in ways that place prison medical practice in conflict with medical ethics.”2 Other major human rights organisations, such as Physicians for Human Rights (USA) and Human Rights Watch, published similarly. The IMA did nothing, although when challenged tended to dismiss criticism as “political” and point to their membership of the WMA as evidence of their probity. Moreover Blachar is on record in the Lancet as defending “moderate physical pressure” during the interrogation of Palestinian detainees: it is not often that the …
Clinical Aspects of Chronic Hepatitis C Infection—Reply
Authors: Vincent A. Fulginiti
Journal: JAMA (2003)

To the Editor: Dr Talbot and colleagues reported that among 148 patients who received smallpox vaccination, 15 developed focal or generalized folliculitis. The authors reported 4 of these cases in detail. Similar cases have been reported in civilian and military populations. None of the cases in the study of Talbot et al represented generalized vaccinia, which is infectious. Erythema multiforme was relatively common among children who received routine smallpox vaccination in the 1960s. This spectrum of rashes, which has been attributed to either a hypersensitivity to or toxic effect of vaccination, differed from the folliculitis Talbot et al describe and from generalized vaccinia. Many more individuals would be expected to experience adverse events if the United States were to have a more widespread program of smallpox vaccination. It then would be critical to differentiate among serious events, infectious events, and noninfectious rashes. The study of Talbot et al adds folliculitis to the spectrum on noninfectious, nonserious rashes after vaccination. This should be differentiated from generalized vaccinia, which is an infectious, viremic rash that produces longterm immunity indistinguishable from the primary vaccination. These lesions can appear anywhere on the body, and in general, are dispersed throughout the body in large numbers. Unlike vaccine-related folliculitis, vaccinia virus can be cultured from these lesions. This adverse event is short-lived and benign in most individuals, although some patients may have systemic symptoms, and a few may need to be hospitalized. A small number of patients will have recurrent episodes, even for a year after vaccination. Most patients do not require treatment; those with severe or recurrent disease should be treated with vaccinia immune globulin. The reason patients developed generalized vaccinia is not known with certainty, but may be because of subtle immune defects that were not diagnosable by techniques available in the 1960s.
Mutations in ABCC6 cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum
Authors: Arthur A.B. Bergen, Astrid S. Plomp, Ellen J. Schuurman, Sharon Terry, Martijn Breuning, Hans Dauwerse, Jaap Swart, Marcel Kool, Simone van Soest, Frank Baas, Jacoline B. ten Brink, Paulus T.V.M. de Jong
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Abstract 3473: The Effect of Cigarette Smoking on the Antiplatelet Effect of Clopidogrel: The Smokers Paradox
Authors: Paul Gurbel, Joseph Dichiara, Kevin P Bliden, Mark J Antonino, Lawal Lookman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Wide response variability to clopidogrel therapy has been reported. Clopidogrel is a prodrug that requires metabolic activation by hepatic cytochromes (CYP). Cigarette smoking is an inducer of CYP1A2 and may, therefore, enhance the metabolism of clopidogrel. We sought to examine the effect of cigarette smoking on the platelet response to clopidogrel. Methods: Three hundred thirteen consecutive patients undergoing elective coronary stenting were studied. Platelet aggregation (PA) was assessed by light transmittance aggregometry (LTA) stimulated by 5 and 20μ M adenosine diphosphate. One hundred fourteen patients were on chronic clopidogrel therapy, were not reloaded, and had pre-stenting PA measurements. Pre-and post-stenting PA was measured in 199 patients: 60 were loaded with 300mg and 139 were loaded with 600mg. There were 120 current smokers (smoking within 2 weeks of PCI) and 193 non-smokers (no prior history of smoking). Low PA was defined as the lowest two quartiles of 5μM ADP-induced platelet aggregation (≤ 40%). Results: PA was significantly lower (p ≤ 0.008) in smokers on long term chronic clopidogrel treatment (Table ). Relative platelet inhibition (RPI) was higher in smokers treated with either 300mg or 600mg clopidogrel measured by 5 and 20μM ADP-induced PA. In a multivariate analysis, cigarette smoking was an independent predictor of low PA in patients on chronic clopidogrel therapy and in patients loaded with clopidogrel (r=0.3, p=0.0001). Conclusion: Clopidogrel therapy in smokers is associated with increased platelet inhibition and lower aggregation as compared to non-smokers. The mechanism of the smoking effect deserves further study and may be another cause of response variability to clopidogrel. RPI = 100 x ((baseline aggregation-post-treatment aggregation)/(baseline aggregation))
Few trusts have race employment targets
Authors: Benjamin Hope
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Only 5% of NHS trusts in southern England have racial equality action programmes that are fully implemented, reports a new survey by the Commission for Racial Equality.

The survey, carried out in 1998 and published last week, also found that less than half the trusts covered by the investigation had written procedures for dealing with racial harassment. Only 11% had set themselves employment percentage targets.

The fact that most trusts had formal written equal opportunities policies but no effective strategies for putting them into practice was seen as particularly disappointing. “The health service is the largest employer in …
Silicone Breast Implants and Anaplastic Large T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: Astrid A. M. van der Veldt, Sebastiaan A. Kleijn, Prabath W. Nanayakkara
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Evidence from Raman Spectroscopy of a Putative Link Between Inherent Bone Matrix Chemistry and Degenerative Joint Disease
Authors: Jemma G. Kerns, Panagiotis D. Gikas, Kevin Buckley, Adam Shepperd, Helen L. Birch, Ian McCarthy, Jonathan Miles, Timothy W. R. Briggs, Richard Keen, Anthony W. Parker, Pavel Matousek, Allen E. Goodship
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common debilitating disease that results in degeneration of cartilage and bone in the synovial joints. Subtle changes in the molecular structure of the subchondral bone matrix occur and may be associated with cartilage changes. The aim of this study was to explore whether the abnormal molecular changes observed in the matrix of OA subchondral bone can be identified with Raman spectroscopy. Methods Tibial plateaus from patients undergoing total knee replacement for OA (n = 10) were compared with healthy joints from patients undergoing leg amputation (n = 5; sex‐ and laterality‐matched) and with non‐OA cadaveric knee specimens (n = 5; age‐matched). The samples were analyzed with Raman spectroscopy, peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and chemical analysis to compare changes in defined load‐bearing sites in both the medial and lateral compartments. Results OA subchondral bone matrix changes were detected by Raman spectroscopy. Within each cohort, there was no spectral difference in bone matrix chemistry between the medial and lateral compartments, whereas a significant spectral difference ( P &lt; 0.001) was observed between the non‐OA and OA specimens. Type I collagen chain ratios were normal in the non‐OA specimens but were significantly elevated in the OA specimens. Conclusion In comparing the results of Raman spectroscopy with those obtained by other standard techniques, these findings show, for the first time, that subchondral bone changes, or inherent differences, exist in both the medial and lateral (beneath intact cartilage) compartments of OA knees. The development of Raman spectroscopy as a screening tool, based on molecular‐specific modifications in bone, would facilitate the identification of clinical disease, including early molecular changes.
A Difficult Case: Home ventilation of a child with motor and sensory neuropathy
Authors: R H Davies
Journal: BMJ (1996)

A paediatrician describes a young child who was eventually diagnosed as having autosomal recessive hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy type III and the uncertainties surrounding the decision to support the child at home on domiciliary ven- tilation.The child's mother gives her reaction to the decision, and we also invited comments from a public health physician, a nurse, and an intensive care paediatrician. Case reportThe child, a girl, was born at 37 weeks' gestation by elective caesarean section because of severe intrauterine growth retardation.Her birth weight was 1830 g.She spent the first two weeks in a special care baby unit, and there was difficulty in establishing feeding.She smiled at 9 weeks and was aware of her environment and people.Throughout her life her cognitive development was always normal.However, from 3-6 months of age she made no attempt to lift her head or to roll and she could not sit even when supported.She appeared to feed normally, but at 6 months she was failing to thrive.She was the third of her parents' three children.There was no family history of neurological disease.
Colorectal Anastomosis: Factors Influencing Success
Authors: R E B Tagart
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

Preservation of the anal sphincters is now consistent with adequate extirpation of the majority of rectal neoplasms. However, there is still a troublesome incidence of leakage through colorectal anastomoses. A number of different factors, working in combination, are responsible for this. Although most problems have been solved, and the mortality is low, the anastomotic leak rate described in the present series, and in the hands of most surgeons, remains high. Efficient suturing without tension, adequate filling and drainage of the presacral space, and antimicrobial prophylaxis effective enough to abolish abdominal wound sepsis, have been applied. The large vessel arterial blood supply to the suture line is good but the microcirculation of the left colon and rectum, upon which suture line healing ultimately depends, is suspect. Reduction of blood viscosity by deliberate lowering of the haemoglobin level before operation has been practised in the hope of improving the microcirculatory flow. The results so far are encouraging and suggest that the method is worth a continued trial.