tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Peripheral Neuritis Following Tetraethylthiuram Disulphide Treatment
Authors: F. B. Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1953)

BMriJSH the 1% cobalt nitrate solution is added to the residue.This is dried by warming over a flame and then the paper is exposed to ammonia fumes by holding it over the mouth of a bottle containing strong ammonia solution.A positive reaction is shown by 'the development of a reddish-violet colour in the region of the residue.The colour is best seen by transmitted light.Weak reactions may sometimes be intensified by adding
Ex vivo expansion of normal and chronic myeloid leukemic stem cells without functional alteration using a NUP98HOXA10homeodomain fusion gene
Authors: I Sloma, S Imren, P A Beer, Y Zhao, V Lecault, D Leung, K Raghuram, C Brimacombe, K Lambie, J Piret, C Hansen, R K Humphries, C J Eaves
Journal: Leukemia (2012)

HOX genes have been implicated as regulators of normal and leukemic stem cell functionality, but the extent to which these activities are linked is poorly understood. Previous studies revealed that transduction of primitive mouse hematopoietic cells with a NUP98HOXA10homeodomain (NA10HD) fusion gene enables a subsequent rapid and marked expansion in vitro of hematopoietic stem cell numbers without causing their transformation or deregulated expansion in vivo. To determine whether forced expression of NA10HD in primitive human cells would have a similar effect, we compared the number of long-term culture-initiating cells (LTC-ICs) present in cultures of lenti-NA10HD versus control virus-transduced CD34+ cells originally isolated from human cord blood and chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. We found that NA10HD greatly increases outputs of both normal and Ph+/BCR-ABL+ LTC-ICs, and this effect is particularly pronounced in cultures containing growth factor-producing feeders. Interestingly, NA10HD did not affect the initial cell cycle kinetics of the transduced cells nor their subsequent differentiation. Moreover, immunodeficient mice repopulated with NA10HD-transduced CP-CML cells for more than 8 months showed no evidence of altered behavior. Thus, NA10HD provides a novel tool to enhance both normal and CP-CML stem cell expansion in vitro, without apparently altering other properties.
Inhibition of Intimal Thickening After Balloon Angioplasty in Porcine Coronary Arteries by Targeting Regulators of the Cell Cycle
Authors: Richard Gallo, Adrian Padurean, Thottala Jayaraman, Steven Marx, Merce Roque, Steven Adelman, James Chesebro, John Fallon, Valentin Fuster, Andrew Marks, Juan José Badimon
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —Although percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a highly effective procedure to reduce the severity of stenotic coronary atherosclerotic disease, its long-term success is significantly limited by the high rate of restenosis. Several cellular and molecular mechanisms have been implicated in the development of restenosis post-PTCA, including vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) activation, migration, and proliferation. Recently, our group demonstrated that rapamycin, an immunosuppressant agent with antiproliferative properties, inhibits both rat and human VSMC proliferation and migration in vitro. In the present study, we investigated (1) whether rapamycin administration could reduce neointimal thickening in a porcine model of restenosis post-PTCA and (2) the mechanism by which rapamycin inhibits VSMCs in vivo. Methods and Results —PTCA was performed on a porcine model at a balloon/vessel ratio of 1.7±0.2. Coronary arteries were analyzed for neointimal formation 4 weeks after PTCA. Intramuscular administration of rapamycin started 3 days before PTCA at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg and continued for 14 days at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg. Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKI) p27 kip1 protein levels and pRb phosphorylation within the vessel wall were determined by immunoblot analysis. PTCA in the control group was associated with the development of significant luminal stenosis 4 weeks after the coronary intervention. Luminal narrowing was a consequence of significant neointimal formation in the injured areas. Rapamycin administration was associated with a significant inhibition in coronary stenosis (63±3.4% versus 36±4.5%; P &lt;0.001), resulting in a concomitant increase in luminal area (1.74±0.1 mm 2 versus 3.3±0.4 mm 2 ; P &lt;0.001) after PTCA. Inhibition of proliferation was associated with markedly increased concentrations of the p27 kip1 levels and inhibition of pRb phosphorylation within the vessel wall. Conclusions —Rapamycin administration significantly reduced the arterial proliferative response after PTCA in the pig by increasing the level of the CDKI p27 kip1 and inhibition of the pRb phosphorylation within the vessel wall. Therefore, pharmacological interventions that elevate CDKI in the vessel wall and target cyclin-dependent kinase activity may have a therapeutic role in the treatment of restenosis after angioplasty in humans.
Endothelial Plasticity Drives Arterial Remodeling Within the Endocardium After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Lucile Miquerol, Jérome Thireau, Patrice Bideaux, Rachel Sturny, Sylvain Richard, Robert G. Kelly
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Revascularization of injured, ischemic, and regenerating organs is essential to restore organ function. In the postinfarct heart, however, the mechanisms underlying the formation of new coronary arteries are poorly understood.To study vascular remodeling of coronary arteries after infarction.We performed permanent left coronary ligation on Connexin40-GFP mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) in endothelial cells of coronary arteries but not veins, capillaries, or endocardium. GFP(+) endothelial foci were identified within the endocardium in the infarct zone. These previously undescribed structures, termed endocardial flowers, have a distinct endothelial phenotype (Cx40(+), VEGFR2(+), and endoglin(-)) to the surrounding endocardium (Cx40(-), VEGFR2(-), and endoglin(+)). Endocardial flowers are contiguous with coronary vessels and associated with subendocardial smooth muscle cell accumulation. Genetic lineage tracing reveals extensive endothelial plasticity in the postinfarct heart, showing that endocardial flowers develop by arteriogenesis of Cx40(-) cells and by outgrowth of pre-existing coronary arteries. Finally, endocardial flowers exhibit angiogenic features, including early VEGFR2 expression and active proliferation of adjacent endocardial and smooth muscle cells.Arterial endothelial foci within the endocardium reveal extensive endothelial cell plasticity in the infarct zone and identify the endocardium as a site of endogenous arteriogenesis and source of endothelial cells to promote vascularization in regenerative strategies.
PASSIVE TRANSFER OF TOLERANCE TO PYROGENICITY OF BACTERIAL ENDOTOXIN
Authors: Henry H. Freedman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1960)

The typical febrile response of normal rabbits given bacterial endotoxin intravenously may be modified by prior administration of plasma or, less effectively, serum of endotoxin-tolerant donors. This altered response is characterized by disappearance of the second rise in fever and by a striking reduction in fever index. It thus resembles the course of fever shown by rabbits made tolerant to endotoxin by one or more previous daily doses. This transfer of tolerance by plasma or serum depends critically upon the manner in which tolerance is induced in the donors. The plasma of donor rabbits made tolerant, then given an RES-blocking dose of carbon, still confers tolerance upon normal recipient rabbits. Such donors have lost their tolerance and are highly sensitive to endotoxin at the time their blood is taken. The implications of these findings for endotoxin tolerance and for transfer of this phenomenon are discussed. The evidence is consistent with the hypothesis that both tolerance and its transfer are based upon RES function and are independent of antibody.
DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types
Authors: Steve Horvath
Journal: Genome biology (2013)

It is not yet known whether DNA methylation levels can be used to accurately predict age across a broad spectrum of human tissues and cell types, nor whether the resulting age prediction is a biologically meaningful measure.I developed a multi-tissue predictor of age that allows one to estimate the DNA methylation age of most tissues and cell types. The predictor, which is freely available, was developed using 8,000 samples from 82 Illumina DNA methylation array datasets, encompassing 51 healthy tissues and cell types. I found that DNA methylation age has the following properties: first, it is close to zero for embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells; second, it correlates with cell passage number; third, it gives rise to a highly heritable measure of age acceleration; and, fourth, it is applicable to chimpanzee tissues. Analysis of 6,000 cancer samples from 32 datasets showed that all of the considered 20 cancer types exhibit significant age acceleration, with an average of 36 years. Low age-acceleration of cancer tissue is associated with a high number of somatic mutations and TP53 mutations, while mutations in steroid receptors greatly accelerate DNA methylation age in breast cancer. Finally, I characterize the 353 CpG sites that together form an aging clock in terms of chromatin states and tissue variance.I propose that DNA methylation age measures the cumulative effect of an epigenetic maintenance system. This novel epigenetic clock can be used to address a host of questions in developmental biology, cancer and aging research.
Clinical Thinking, Evidence, Communication, and DecisionMaking
Authors: Don Eby
Journal: BMJ (2006)

This slim book has the ambitious goal of helping doctors understand the clinical thinking needed to practise successfully. 

The authors are primary care academics who recognise that clinical practice is about finding the way through a maze of complexity and uncertainty. While there are many interesting nuggets in the book, the authors occasionally fall into the trap of theorists who construct ways clinicians could or should think in an ideal world. These constructs and practice aids may help to think through an unfamiliar situation. However, they do not reflect how clinicians usually think in practice. …
IN VITRO STUDIES OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS
Authors: Peter Perlmann, Ove Broberger
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

Freshly isolated fetal human colon cells were labeled with (32)P-orthophosphate or (14)C-amino acids and exposed to white blood cells from children with ulcerative colitis or from healthy controls. Exposure of the colon cells to patients' white cells led to a rapid isotope release, significantly higher than that obtained with normal white cells. After 150 minutes of incubation, 75 per cent of the total isotope present was found in the media of the colitis samples but only 40 per cent in those of the controls. Consistent results were obtained with white blood cells from 14 patients and 18 healthy individuals. Similar results were obtained with either fresh white cells or with white cells aged for 12 to 18 hours and consisting to 60 to 70 per cent of lymphocytes and to 20 to 30 per cent of large mononuclear cells. No specific cytotoxic activity could be conferred onto normal white cells by pretreating them with patients' serum containing antibodies against colon antigen. The cytotoxic action of the patients' white cells was immunologically specific, since no difference from the controls was found in the isotope release when cells from other organs or animals were similarly treated. Preliminary experiments suggested that the patients' white cells could be desensitized by pretreating them with colon extract. For obtaining a significant cytotoxic effect of the patients' white cells, the presence of 10 to 20 per cent of fresh guinea pig or human serum in the incubation medium was required.
Vascular Compression of the Superior Infundibulum Causing Calyceal Obstruction
Authors: G LARCOS, S M GRUENEWALD, V F ANTICO
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Radionuclide imaging in obstructive uropathy has concentrated on disorders of the pelviureteric junction and lower urinary tract. There is a paucity of information, however, available on the scintigraphic manifestations of disorders of the calyces and infundibulum. These conditions may be responsible for similar symptoms, and thus recognition of abnormal retention of activity within one or more calyces offers important diagnostic information. One of these disorders is vascular obstruction of the superior infundibulum, and this report describes the radionuclide appearance of this surgically curable condition.
Aerobic work capacity in young sedentary men and active athletes in India
Authors: S. K. Verma, L. S. Sidhu, D. K. Kansal
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1979)

Maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O 2 max) was determined in 40 sedentary men aged 17-25 years and in 96 active athletes of the same age participating in 5 different kinds of sport. The V̇O 2 max in the sedentary group was found to be 36.8 ± 4.0 (SD) ml.kg. -1 min -1 . The results in the sedentary group were found to be lower than those recorded on inactive populations in other countries by 12-35%, possibly due to the low participation rate in sport among Indians. The mean V̇O 2 max in 96 active athletes was 48.4 ± 5.1 ml.kg. -1 min -1 which is slightly low as compared to V̇O 2 max values recorded in active populations in other countries. The difference in the mean V̇O 2 max of sedentary group and that of the active one was found to be statistically significant. The highest mean V̇O 2 max was recorded in the group of long distance runners (56.4 ml.kg. -1 min -1 ) while lowest mean V̇O 2 max values were recorded in the group of football players 44.2 + 2.1 ml.kg. -1 min -1 ).
A vasculo-protective circuit centered on lipoxin A4 and aspirin-triggered 15-epi-lipoxin A4 operative in murine microcirculation
Authors: Vincenzo Brancaleone, Thomas Gobbetti, Nicolas Cenac, Pauline le Faouder, Bartomeu Colom, Roderick J. Flower, Nathalie Vergnolle, Sussan Nourshargh, Mauro Perretti
Journal: Blood (2013)
Mistaken Identity of Widely Used Esophageal Adenocarcinoma Cell Line TE-7
Authors: Jurjen J. Boonstra, Albertina W. van der Velden, Erwin C.W. Beerens, Ronald van Marion, Yuiko Morita-Fujimura, Yasuhisa Matsui, Tetsuro Nishihira, Chris Tselepis, Pierre Hainaut, Anson W. Lowe, Berna H. Beverloo, Herman van Dekken, Hugo W. Tilanus, Winand N.M. Dinjens
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Abstract Cancer of the esophagus is the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Esophageal carcinoma cell lines are useful models to study the biological and genetic alterations in these tumors. An important prerequisite of cell line research is the authenticity of the used cell lines because the mistaken identity of a cell line may lead to invalid conclusions. Estimates indicate that up to 36% of the cell lines are of a different origin or species than supposed. The TE series, established in late 1970s and early 1980s by Nishihira et al. in Japan, is one of the first esophageal cancer cell line series that was used throughout the world. Fourteen TE cell lines were derived from human esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and one, TE-7, was derived from a primary esophageal adenocarcinoma. In numerous studies, this TE-7 cell line was used as a model for esophageal adenocarcinoma because it is one of the few esophageal adenocarcinoma cell lines existing. We investigated the authenticity of the esophageal adenocarcinoma cell line TE-7 by xenografting, short tandem repeat profiling, mutation analyses, and array-comparative genomic hybridization and showed that cell line TE-7 shared the same genotype as the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines TE-2, TE-3, TE-12, and TE-13. In addition, for more than a decade, independent TE-7 cultures from Japan, United States, United Kingdom, France, and the Netherlands had the same genotype. Examination of the TE-7 cell line xenograft revealed the histology of a squamous cell carcinoma. We conclude that the TE-7 cell line, used in several laboratories throughout the world, is not an adenocarcinoma, but a squamous cell carcinoma cell line. Furthermore, the cell lines TE-2, TE-3, TE-7, TE-12, and TE-13 should be regarded as one single squamous cell carcinoma cell line. [Cancer Res 2007;67(17):7996–8001]
Deciphering Protein Molecular Signatures in Cancer Tissues to Aid in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy
Authors: Richard M. Caprioli
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Protein signatures in disease, a portion of the protein complement of cells that directly reflects disease related changes, provide a unique data set that may be correlated with or be an aid to more effective diagnosis, prognosis, and response to therapy. A recent article in this Journal from the author's laboratory described the protein analysis of glioma tissue and the discovery of protein signatures for assessing the stage of disease as well as their correlation with patient survival. This investigation used direct proteomic analysis of glioma biopsies, the discovery of molecular signatures for stage and outcome, and identification of specific proteins of this signature group. This minireview discusses the background and present state of the technology used in this work and the role that direct tissue analysis can play in the discovery of high-quality protein signatures.
A Single Neoplastic Clone in Sequential Biopsy Specimens from a Patient with Primary Gastric-Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid-Tissue Lymphoma and Sjogren's Syndrome
Authors: Timothy C. Diss, Huaizheng Peng, Andrew C. Wotherspoon, Langxing Pan, Paul M. Speight, Peter G. Isaacson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

Original Article from The New England Journal of Medicine — A Single Neoplastic Clone in Sequential Biopsy Specimens from a Patient with Primary Gastric-Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid-Tissue Lymphoma and Sjogren's Syndrome
SPLINTING AND PHYSIOTHERAPY IN INFECTIONS OF THE HAND
Authors: ALLEN B. KANAVEL
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The immediate problem of overcoming an infection of the hand is so likely to overshadow the question of the ultimate function that the surgeon may neglect what to the patient is the paramount consideration. Incisions properly made are of great importance; but, from the inception of the treatment, procedures should be instituted that prevent adhesions and disability. The fingers and hand should have both active and passive movements daily, at least after the first forty-eight to seventy-two hours. Hot moist dressings should not be continued after the danger of spreading is ended; generally two or three days after incision will suffice. Attention to this detail will lessen the amount of round cell infiltration. After hot wet dressings are discontinued, baking under an electric light or therapeutic lamp for a half hour three times daily will help to overcome the infection as well as to reduce the congestion. <h3>PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT</h3><h3>Position</h3>
Treatment of diuretic refractory pleural effusions with bevacizumab in four patients with primary systemic amyloidosis
Authors: Robert J. Hoyer, Nelson Leung, Thomas E. Witzig, Martha Q. Lacy
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Refractory pleural effusions present a challenging management problem and are associated with a poor prognosis in patients with primary systemic amyloidosis (AL). We report a series of four patients with AL who presented with bilateral pleural effusions that were refractory to diuretic therapy. After treatment with bevacizumab, an antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody, three of the four patients had improvement in their pleural effusions, peripheral edema, and functional status. Additional studies are needed to further define the role of bevacizumab in the management of this group of patients. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reoxygenation-induced Ca2+ rise is mediated via Ca2+ influx and Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum in cardiac endothelial cells☆
Authors: S PETERS, H PIPER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective: Conditions of ischemia-reperfusion disturb the homoeostasis of cytosolic Ca2+ in cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMEC), leading to numerous malfunctions of the endothelium. Reperfusion specifically aggravates the Ca2+ overload developed during sustained ischemia. The aim of this study was to identify the origin of the reperfusion-induced part of the Ca2+ overload. Our hypotheses were that this is either due to a Na+-dependent process, e.g. involving the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE) and/or the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), or a process involving the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and store-operated channels (SOC).
Pulse pressure propagation changes in the aorta with a stent: An in vitro study simulating an adequate result of coarctation treatment with a stent in place
Authors: Xiaokui Li, Ikuo Hashimoto, Brent J. Barber, Aarti Hejmadi, Grant H. Burch, David J. Sahn, Ron Sakaguchi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Selective loss of sarcolemmal nitric oxide synthase in Becker muscular dystrophy.
Authors: D S Chao, J R Gorospe, J E Brenman, J A Rafael, M F Peters, S C Froehner, E P Hoffman, J S Chamberlain, D S Bredt
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Becker muscular dystrophy is an X-linked disease due to mutations of the dystrophin gene. We now show that neuronal-type nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), an identified enzyme in the dystrophin complex, is uniquely absent from skeletal muscle plasma membrane in many human Becker patients and in mouse models of dystrophinopathy. An NH2-terminal domain of nNOS directly interacts with alpha 1-syntrophin but not with other proteins in the dystrophin complex analyzed. However, nNOS does not associate with alpha 1-syntrophin on the sarcolemma in transgenic mdx mice expressing truncated dystrophin proteins. This suggests a ternary interaction of nNOS, alpha 1-syntrophin, and the central domain of dystrophin in vivo, a conclusion supported by developmental studies in muscle. These data indicate that proper assembly of the dystrophin complex is dependent upon the structure of the central rodlike domain and have implications for the design of dystrophin-containing vectors for gene therapy.
Trends in Prostatic Surgery
Authors: Michel A. Glucksman
Journal: JAMA (1964)

To the Editor:—  The paper, Trends in Prostatic Surgery, by Dr. John L. McCormack and associates ( JAMA  188 :103 [April 13] 1964) is interesting but, unfortunately, not subject to critical evaluation because of major omissions in the data presented. For example, had the total numbers of patients undergoing open and closed procedures been expressed, the statement A significant difference exists in mortality rates between the open and closed procedures... could be tested by the chi-square method. As it is, the reader is left to guess whether the authors have demonstrated the difference to be significant in the statistical sense or whether they simply feel that it is significant.  Further, there is no indication whether the age distribution in the open and closed groups is comparable, nor whether the incidence of coexisting cardiovascular and pulmonary disease in the two groups is similar. Certainly a great many urologists who perform prostatectomy by
Phase I/II Trial of Custirsen (OGX-011), an Inhibitor of Clusterin, in Combination with a Gemcitabine and Platinum Regimen in Patients with Previously Untreated Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Janessa J. Laskin, Garth Nicholas, Christopher Lee, Barbara Gitlitz, Mark Vincent, Yvon Cormier, Joe Stephenson, Yee Ung, Rachel Sanborn, Bryn Pressnail, Francis Nugent, John Nemunaitis, Martin E. Gleave, Nevin Murray, Desiree Hao
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2011)