tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synergistic Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Overt Nephropathy With Elevated Asymmetric Dimethylarginine in Serum and Impaired Cutaneous Microvasodilation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Ruriko Yamamoto, Yoshimasa Aso
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease as well as end-stage renal disease (1). Diabetic nephropathy is an important cause and exacerbating factor in CKD. Recent studies have demonstrated a close relationship between prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and CKD (2,3). Microvascular endothelial dysfunction resulting from impaired nitric oxide biosynthesis and bioavailability is associated with occurrence of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (4,5). de Jongh et al. (6) found cutaneous microvascular function to be related to degree of insulin resistance in obese women, suggesting that microvascular endothelial dysfunction in the skin can predict metabolic syndrome–related microangiopathy and insulin resistance. Thus, microvascular endothelial dysfunction may be a causal factor linking metabolic syndrome and CKD.

Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, causes vasoconstriction and limits blood flow, resulting in elevated blood pressure in humans (7,8). Elevated plasma ADMA concentrations are found in patients with renal insufficiency (9), diabetes (10), and metabolic syndrome (11). Accordingly, increased plasma ADMA may contribute to microvascular endothelial dysfunction observed in individuals with metabolic syndrome or with CKD.

We examined cutaneous microvascular responses to heat applied locally to the skin of the dorsum of the foot in type 2 diabetic patients with or without metabolic syndrome or overt nephropathy, measuring cutaneous blood flow by laser Doppler flowmetry as well as serum ADMA concentration.

We studied 105 type 2 diabetic patients (41 female and 64 male). We excluded patients who had any known CKD before diagnosis with diabetes. …
Preventing postextubation airway complications in adults
Authors: Duncan Young, Peter Watkinson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Corticosteroids should be given only to patients at high risk of reintubation

To receive artificial ventilation for acute respiratory failure adult patients usually have an endotracheal tube placed through the mouth and larynx into the upper trachea. Although initially life saving, the endotracheal tube causes mechanical irritation of the larynx and trachea, which in turn may cause inflammation and oedema. Infected oral secretions pooling in the larynx above the cuff of the endotracheal tube will exacerbate the inflammation. While present the endotracheal tube acts as a stent, but when it is removed these processes may narrow the upper airway, leading to symptoms and signs of upper airway obstruction and at worst the need for reintubation. In the linked meta-analysis (doi:10.1136/bmj.a1841), Fan and colleagues assess whether steroids are effective in preventing postextubation laryngeal oedema and reducing the need for subsequent reintubation of the trachea in critically ill adults.1

The scale of the problem is difficult to assess, because estimates of the incidence of signs or symptoms of upper airway obstruction after extubation vary from 2.3% in unselected ventilated patients2 to …
Modulation of γ-Secretase Reduces β-Amyloid Deposition in a Transgenic Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Maria Z. Kounnas, Anne M. Danks, Soan Cheng, Curtis Tyree, Elizabeth Ackerman, Xulun Zhang, Kwangwook Ahn, Phuong Nguyen, Dan Comer, Long Mao, Chengzhi Yu, David Pleynet, Paul J. Digregorio, Gonul Velicelebi, Kenneth A. Stauderman, William T. Comer, William C. Mobley, Yue-Ming Li, Sangram S. Sisodia, Rudolph E. Tanzi, Steven L. Wagner
Journal: Neuron (2010)
William Read and His Books
Authors: Henry R. Viets
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1963)

WE meet tonight to honor John B. Rhoads, who died as a third-year medical student in 1959. He did not live long enough to become a good doctor, but he was a very good medical student, recognized as such by those best able to judge — his own classmates. As a college student at Haverford, moreover, Rhoads had shown a submissive interest in history, and the scant time granted to him in medical school indicates that the story of medicine might, in addition to his regular medical studies, have engaged his attention.For a topic I have chosen to describe . . .
Leucocytosis following Treatment with Thiouracil
Authors: E. Kelemen
Journal: BMJ (1948)

MBIL JHAL be sufficient to determine a fatal outcome for a foetus, possibly already suffering from the strain of prolonged and difficult labour, and for this reason it seems to me that the safety factor of the air inlets in the Minnitt apparatus is of prime importance.In the United States and to a less extent in this country the recent interest in continuous caudal and saddle-block spinal anaesthesia,
What Stalked Through the Post Office? What Intellect, What Calculation, Number, Measurement, Replied?
Authors: Walter B. Shelley
Journal: JAMA (1986)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We applaud the botanical sleuthing of Fairbrothers and associates that led to the legume<i>Mucuna pruriens</i>as the cause of an unexplained "voodoo" pruritus in seven individuals in New Jersey.<sup>1</sup> I recalled a dramatic episode of itching that occurred in the Main US Post Office (30th Street Station) in Philadelphia one afternoon in March 1954. Twelve mailroom workers suddenly developed a severe generalized pruritus that rendered them incapable of anything but ceaseless scratching. Close questioning revealed that each of the 12 had handled or had been near a large, manila, paperwrapped carboard box moments before the itch developed. The box had just arrived from Jamaica and was addressed to us. A hurried telephone call to us provided prompt identification of the problem and reassurance as to its temporary nature. The box was filled with several thousand seed pods from the itch plant<i>M pruriens</i>(Fig 1),
Effects of Polymorphisms in Interferon λ 3 (Interleukin 28B) on Sustained Virologic Response to Therapy in Patients With Chronic Hepatitis D Virus Infection
Authors: Emre Yilmaz, Bulent Baran, Ozlem Mutluay Soyer, Mustafa Onel, Derya Onel, Asli Cifcibasi Ormeci, Suut Gokturk, Sami Evirgen, Filiz Akyuz, Kadir Demir, Fatih Besisik, Sabahattin Kaymakoglu, Cetin Karaca
Journal: Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology (2014)
Chemotherapy With Dexamethasone, High-Dose Cytarabine, and Cisplatin for Parenchymal Brain Lymphoma
Authors: P. McLaughlin, W. S. Velasquez, J. R. Redman, W.K. A. Yung, F. B. Hagemeister, M. A. Rodriguez, F. Cabanillas
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Ten patients with parenchymal CNS lymphoma received combination chemotherapy with dexamethasone, high-dose cytarabine, and cisplatin (DHAP), and additional therapy according to clinical circumstances. Two of four patients with primary CNS lymphoma achieved and remain in complete remission (CR). Four of six patients with CNS lymphoma at relapse also achieved CR. DHAP is active against CNS lymphoma. Further trials with DHAP, particularly in conjunction with other treatment modalities, are warranted.
How Can Cost-Effectiveness Information Help Control Unsustainable Growth in U.S. Health Care Spending?
Authors: Arvind R. Cavale
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Letters6 January 2009How Can Cost-Effectiveness Information Help Control Unsustainable Growth in U.S. Health Care Spending?Arvind R. Cavale, MDArvind R. Cavale, MDFrom Feasterville, PA 19053.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-150-1-200901060-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:It is admittedly time for the nation to openly discuss cost-effectiveness in health care; therefore, the proposals from Garber (1) and Wilensky (2) are timely. Being a solo practitioner, I view this type of “top-down” policy as similar to some of the previous mandates that may have led us to this situation.Although I agree with most of the principles in theory, I have reservations about how these might affect community-based clinical practice. First, if such a program is ever implemented, every practice will have to rework every insurance contract that each physician currently has, leading to ...References1. Garber AM. A menu without prices [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:964-6. [PMID: 18483127] LinkGoogle Scholar2. Wilensky GR. Cost-effectiveness information: yes, it's important, but keep it separate, please! [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 2008;148:967-8. [PMID: 18483126] LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Feasterville, PA 19053.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoA Menu without Prices Alan M. Garber Cost-Effectiveness Information: Yes, It's Important, but Keep It Separate, Please! Gail R. Wilensky How Can Cost-Effectiveness Information Help Control Unsustainable Growth in U.S. Health Care Spending? Robert A. Murden and Eric E. Seiber How Can Cost-Effectiveness Information Help Control Unsustainable Growth in U.S. Health Care Spending? Neil M. Kirschner , Stephen G. Pauker , and Joseph W. Stubbs Metrics 6 January 2009Volume 150, Issue 1Page: 57-58KeywordsConflicts of interestForecastingHealth careHealth insuranceImmunityInsuranceMedicarePopulation statistics ePublished: 6 January 2009 Issue Published: 6 January 2009 CopyrightCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
The Old Poet
Authors: George N. Braman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Ad Libitum20 February 2007The Old PoetGeorge N. Braman, MDGeorge N. Braman, MDFrom Bronx, New York.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-4-200702200-00009 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ”For when his youth with gift of light hearthas come and gone, what grievous strokeis spared to a man, what agonyis he without?”Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus (lines 1414-1417), transl., Grene and Lattimore... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Bronx, New York.Current Author Address: George N. Braman, MD, 6142 Delafield Avenue, Bronx, NY 10471. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 February 2007Volume 146, Issue 4Page: 300KeywordsAdolescentsHeartStroke ePublished: 20 February 2007 Issue Published: 20 February 2007 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2007 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Molecular population genetics of female-expressed mating-induced serine proteases in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Mara K. N. Lawniczak, David J. Begun
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2007)

Population genetic analyses have shown that directional selection causes amino acid substitution in several seminal fluid proteins (Acps) and that in general, Acps tend to diverge rapidly. If rapid, adaptive divergence of such male reproduction-related genes is driven by sexual conflict, we might also expect to observe rapid, adaptive evolution in female reproduction-related genes, especially those mediating conflicts between the sexes. Female expressed genes differentially expressed shortly after mating were recently identified using whole genome expression micro-arrays. Such genes may play roles in storing sperm and mediating effects of seminal fluid proteins. Here, we report the results of a molecular population genetic survey from five female reproductive tract expressed serine proteases that show increased transcription shortly after mating. These genes are evolving rapidly, in some cases under directional selection, consistent with models of conflict.
Psychosomatic View of Endocrine Disorders
Authors: Giovanni A. Fava, Nicoleta Sonino, Murray A. Morphy
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1993)

This review is concerned with the clinical and research implications of psychosomatic research in endocrinology. A possible role of life events in the pathogenesis of endocrine disease, the psychological distress associated with acute illness, and the issue of quality of life in clinical endocrinology are surveyed. In particular, the psychosomatic aspects of Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, acromegaly, growth hormone deficiency, and hirsutism are considered.
A Pain in the Tuches
Authors: Cornelius Gropp
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Self-adjuvanted RNActive® vaccines provide a promising platform for combination therapies with checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Aleksandra Kowalczyk, Stephan Huber, Regina Heidenreich, Mariola Fotin-Mleczek
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Two-component mRNA vaccines (RNActive®) combine high antigen expression with strong immune stimulation. Intradermal injections of RNActive® vaccines induced balanced, potent and long-lasting immune responses which can be boosted via repetitive vaccinations. Although the strong
THE LEGEND OF THE PREVENTION OF MENTAL DISEASE
Authors: S. WECHSLER
Journal: JAMA (1930)

The belief has become all too prevalent that a loud voice gives importance to ideas, that error sufficiently often repeated ultimately becomes truth, and that folly spread over wide regions somehow turns into wisdom. Such is the nature of propaganda. On more sober consideration, it becomes evident that the trumpet has no inherent virtues, that the radio imparts no fundamental attributes to ideas, that the printed word is endowed with no special magic, and that neither reiteration nor dissemination is capable of giving substance to a thought which is devoid of it. Nevertheless, the popular mirage exists, and there is sufficient reason to suspect that science too, at least popular medical science, has been fascinated and has succumbed. Lest the title of this paper convey a wrong impression, let me make the trite observation that every physician, myself included, is firmly convinced that the future of medicine lies in scientific
Bracketing, fragmentation and morphology OF electrograns during circus movement tachycardia using an accessory pathway
Authors: Luz Maria Rodriguez, Josep Brugada, Jeronimo Farre, Joep Smeets, Gilles E. O'Hara, B v. Mackelenbergh, Olaf Penn, Pedro Brugada, Hein J.J. Wellens
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
TCT-791 The MitraClip Procedure For Functional Mitral Regurgitation: Improved Outcomes For Both Ischemic and Non-Ischemic Types
Authors: Wen Loong Yeow, Takashi Matsumoto, Harrison Dinh, Alfredo Trento, Asma Hussaini, Moody Makar, Robert Siegel, Saibal Kar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Sickle red cell calcium metabolism: Studies on Ca<sup>2+</sup>‐Mg<sup>2+</sup>ATPase and ca‐binding properties of sickle red cell membranes
Authors: Irene Litosch, Kwang Soo Lee
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1980)

Abstract Sickle (Hb SS) red cells, preloaded with 45 Ca by reversal of hemolysis, exhibit an incomplete 45 Ca extrusion, retaining approximately four times more 45 Ca than normal cells. Studies indicated that neither the reduction in Hb SS cell Ca 2+ ‐Mg 2+ ATPase activity (84% of normal) nor the activation of Ca 2+ ‐Mg 2+ ATPase by calmodulin was sufficiently different from normal cells to attribute a major role to the calcium pump in 45 Ca retention. These results suggested that 45 Ca retention may reflect an alteration in the calcium‐binding properties of Hb SS cell membranes. Low‐affinity calcium‐ binding (freely dissociable) was similar in normal and Hb SS cell membranes. However, the total calcium bound with high‐affinity (tightly bound) was four‐to‐five times greater in Hb SS cell membranes than in normal membranes. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that Hb SS cell 45 Ca retention reflects an exchange of a fraction of the total 45 Ca with a tightly bound calcium pool, larger in Hb SS cell membranes than in normal membranes. A comparable degree of red cell 45 Ca retention, which did not correlate with the reticulocyte population, was observed in other chronic anemic states. These findings suggest that the increased high‐affinity calcium binding by the membrane may be a consequence of cellular changes induced by the anemic condition.
Multiple Origins and Regional Dispersal of Resistant dhps in African Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
Authors: Richard J. Pearce, Hirva Pota, Marie-Solange B. Evehe, El-Hadj Bâ, Ghyslain Mombo-Ngoma, Allen L. Malisa, Rosalynn Ord, Walter Inojosa, Alexandre Matondo, Diadier A. Diallo, Wilfred Mbacham, Ingrid V. van den Broek, Todd D. Swarthout, Asefaw Getachew, Seyoum Dejene, Martin P. Grobusch, Fanta Njie, Samuel Dunyo, Margaret Kweku, Seth Owusu-Agyei, Daniel Chandramohan, Maryline Bonnet, Jean-Paul Guthmann, Sian Clarke, Karen I. Barnes, Elizabeth Streat, Stark T. Katokele, Petrina Uusiku, Chris O. Agboghoroma, Olufunmilayo Y. Elegba, Badara Cissé, Ishraga E. A-Elbasit, Hayder A. Giha, S. Patrick Kachur, Caroline Lynch, John B. Rwakimari, Pascalina Chanda, Moonga Hawela, Brian Sharp, Inbarani Naidoo, Cally Roper
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2009)

Background Although the molecular basis of resistance to a number of common antimalarial drugs is well known, a geographic description of the emergence and dispersal of resistance mutations across Africa has not been attempted. To that end we have characterised the evolutionary origins of antifolate resistance mutations in the dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) gene and mapped their contemporary distribution. Methods and Findings We used microsatellite polymorphism flanking the dhps gene to determine which resistance alleles shared common ancestry and found five major lineages each of which had a unique geographical distribution. The extent to which allelic lineages were shared among 20 African Plasmodium falciparum populations revealed five major geographical groupings. Resistance lineages were common to all sites within these regions. The most marked differentiation was between east and west African P. falciparum, in which resistance alleles were not only of different ancestry but also carried different resistance mutations. Conclusions Resistant dhps has emerged independently in multiple sites in Africa during the past 10–20 years. Our data show the molecular basis of resistance differs between east and west Africa, which is likely to translate into differing antifolate sensitivity. We have also demonstrated that the dispersal patterns of resistance lineages give unique insights into recent parasite migration patterns.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR ADVISORY BOARDS, AND THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS BY ROENTGENOLOGY
Authors: C. R. Bardeen
Journal: JAMA (1918)

discusses our present methods of estimating the wholesome- ness and value of grades of milk.It seems to me that this editorial does not express the views of the enlightened med- ical profession.It makes the statement, "We are forced to admit today that bacteria per se do not necessarily render the milk unfit for human consumption," and later, "there is very little connection between the amount of germ life in milk and the healthfulness of milk."It emphasizes this point of view by stating that the consumer has little interest in the germ content of milk except for a limited number of
Portal cavernoma-associated cholangiopathy: A clinical and MR cholangiography coupled with MR portography imaging study
Authors: Bertrand Condat, Valérie Vilgrain, Tarik Asselah, Dermot O'Toole, Pierre Rufat, Magali Zappa, Richard Moreau, Dominique Valla
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Although biliary symptoms appear to be uncommon in patients with portal cavernoma, almost all of them have endoscopic retrograde cholangiographic abnormalities. The mechanisms underlying the biliary changes are explained poorly. This study in patients with portal cavernoma had 3 aims: (1) to assess the manifestations related to biliary involvement; (2) to evaluate with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging the aspect and frequency of cholangiographic changes; and (3) to clarify the mechanisms underlying biliary involvement. From December 1999 to July 2001, 25 consecutive adults with portal cavernoma without cancer or cirrhosis were studied with MR cholangiography coupled with MR portography. Seven patients presented with clinical manifestations of biliary disease. MR cholangiography findings were stenosis in 21 patients, with upstream dilatation in 16 and displacement in 13. MR cholangiography coupled with MR portography showed in all cases that the biliary abnormalities were secondary to a mass effect directly related to pressure by the cavernoma. In conclusion, in patients with portal cavernoma, clinical manifestations of biliary disease are most frequent; the cholangiographic abnormalities are very common and usually are caused by a mass effect by pressure from the veins composing the cavernoma. MR cholangiography coupled with MR portography is an effective noninvasive examination for simultaneous visualization of bile ducts and their relationship to the cavernoma.
Coagulopathy and Fat-Soluble Vitamins
Authors: John J. Schrogie
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent report by Corrigan and Marcus describing potentiation of warfarin anticoagulation by vitamin E (230:1300, 1974) is consistent with some unpublished studies performed several years ago by Dr. H. M. Solomon and myself. We conducted preliminary studies of the effect of vitamins A, D, and E on vitamin K-dependent clotting factor activity as measured by the anticoagulant response to single doses of warfarin or dicumarol. Briefly, male rats were given warfarin before and after four days' treatment with one of the following: vitamin A acetate, 1,000-15,000 international units (IU); ergocalciferol, 404,000 IU; vitamin E, 0.7-70 IU. The Figure shows the distribution of percent of coagulation activity found 72 hours after warfarin administration in treated and control groups. Potentiation of anticoagulant effect in each vitamin-treated group is obvious. Data from each group were pooled since no dose-response effect was apparent. Subsequently, three healthy human volunteers were given