tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serum Tributyrinase Levels in Mice of the C57, C3H, and A Strains
Authors: Jules Tuba, Irmgaard Jeske
Journal: Cancer Research (1952)

1.  Serum tributyrinase levels have been determined for mice of the C3H, A, and C57 strains.

2.  Statistically significant effects on enzyme activity are associated with age, sex, previous pregnancy, and strain.

3.  There is no evidence that the serum tributyrinase activity is related to susceptibility or resistance to cancer.
Allegory of Vanity
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
IMPROVED SURVIVAL AFTER EARLY THROMBOLYSIS IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: M.L Simoons, M.V/D Brand, C.De Zwaan, F.W.A Verheugt, W.J Remme, P.W Serruys, F Bär, J Res, X.H Krauss, F Vermeer, J Lubsen
Journal: The Lancet (1985)
Abstract 3891: CD133 is associated with resistance of melanoma to multikinase inhibition
Authors: Hengbo Zhou, Maryam Abdussamad, Amani Alomari, Anirudh Gaur, Cynthia S. Rosenthal, John L. Zapas, Dean S. Rosenthal
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Purpose: High-risk melanoma is a lethal cancer with a high recurrence rates and variable disease-free intervals, due to tumorigenic cell populations that are resistant to treatment. Prominin 1 (CD133) is a putative stem cell marker in a number of cancers, based on its expression in cells that possess greater tumorigenicity, motility and colony-forming ability in different types of cancer. Furthermore, Prominin 1 is highly expressed in late-stage metastatic melanoma showing its potential as a marker of a resistant cell population. Trametinib and dabrafenib are targeted kinase inhibitors recently approved by the FDA, and now widely used for treatment of melanoma, while the anthelmintic drug mebendazole, a multikinase inhibitor, also exhibits promising anticancer potential. The purpose of this study was to test the relative resistance of CD133+ and CD133- cells to these three agents, as well as to explore potential mechanisms underlying any differences. Design: Three melanoma cell lines with different kinase mutation profiles were exposed to increasing concentrations of trametinib, dabrafenib, or mebendazole alone, or in combination, either before or after separation into CD133-positive and CD133-negative populations. Cells were then assayed for cell viability and CD133-positivity. Microarray analysis was performed on CD133-positive and CD133-negative cells to explore potential differences in gene expression profiles. Result: In all parental cell lines, the percentages of the CD133-positive cells increased significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) after high-dose drug treatment. The CD133-positive, drug resistant cells showed reduced proliferation until after the drug was removed. Correspondingly, the presorted CD133-positive population exhibited significantly higher (P&amp;lt;0.05) IC50s both for single and multidrug treatment. Microarray analysis revealed a significant (P&amp;lt;0.001, &amp;gt;1.5-fold) difference in expression of 265 genes in CD133-positive cells, including putative oncogenes such as POU5F1, NPM1, NES and MYC. Also, 10 of 18 ABC transporter genes were significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) up-regulated in the CD133-positive population. Conclusion: Both purified and mixed population-derived CD133 positive cells are more resistant to the three kinase inhibitors. Upregulation of ABC transporter genes and/or oncogenes may contribute to the drug resistance of CD133-positive cells. Citation Format: Hengbo Zhou, Maryam Abdussamad, Amani Alomari, Anirudh Gaur, Cynthia S. Rosenthal, John L. Zapas, Dean S. Rosenthal. CD133 is associated with resistance of melanoma to multikinase inhibition. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3891. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3891
Iron Contributes to Endothelial Dysfunction in Acute Ischemic Syndromes
Authors: Valeri S. Chekanov, Victor Nikolaychik
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Congratulations to Duffy et al 1 on their well-written article, "Iron Chelation Improves Endothelial Function in Patients With Coronary Disease."We completely agree that increased body iron stores may be a risk factor for atherosclerosis and may accelerate endothelial dysfunction in acute ischemic syndromes.Hence, deferoxamine, an iron chelator, should prove useful both for preventing ischemia and improving endothelial function.Our investigations into the efficacy of deferoxamine in acute ischemic syndromes and as a possible treatment for atherosclerosis, performed over the past 5 years, yielded the following corroborative findings:
Does the onset of tuberculosis in AIDS predict shorter survival? Results of a cohort study in 17 European countries over 13 years
Authors: T. V Perneger, P. Sudre, J. D Lundgren, B. Hirschel
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To assess the impact of tuberculosis on mortality in patients with AIDS. <b>Design</b>: Community based cohort study. <b>Setting</b>: 52 centres in 17 countries (AIDS in Europe study). <b>Subjects</b>: 5249 patients who were alive and free of tuberculosis one month after the diagnosis of AIDS, enrolled between 1979 and 1989, and followed up until 1992. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Onset of clinically active tuberculosis or death, or both. <b>Results</b>: During a mean follow up period of 15 months 201 (4%) patients developed tuberculosis and 3889 (74%) died. Patients who developed tuberculosis survived significantly longer (median 22 months) than those who did not (median 16 months). This apparent survival advantage was due to patients who survived longer having more opportunity to develop tuberculosis (or any other disease). In models that took into account the time at which tuberculosis was diagnosed, the onset of tuberculosis was associated with a significant increase in mortality (adjusted relative hazard of death 1.34; 95% confidence interval 1.12 to 1.60). <b>Conclusions</b>: The onset of tuberculosis in patients with AIDS predicts a substantial increase in mortality. Whether this increased mortality is directly attributable to the tuberculosis remains uncertain. If the association is causal preventive chemotherapy and aggressive treatment of tuberculosis could improve survival in AIDS.
Radical reform of NHS information strategy on the way
Authors: Douglas Carnall
Journal: BMJ (1998)

The new information management strategy of the NHS will make support of clinical activity its most important function. The final strategy is due to be published in late July.

Frank Burns, head of NHS Information Management and Technology, told an audience of NHS information technology professionals in London last week that the function of the systems would be to support the “capture, use, and impact of information on health care and population health,” with “seamless, integrated, person based records.”

Mr Burns criticised the present system of “tribalised professional …
Abstract 2593: Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors synergize with folate-hapten mediated immunotherapy in folate receptor positive cancers
Authors: Nimalka A. Bandara, Philip S. Low
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The folate receptor (FR) which binds the vitamin folic acid with high affinity is overexpressed by a variety of human cancers including ovarian, endometrial, renal, and lung cancers. Consequently, the receptor has been exploited for the delivery of imaging agents and highly potent drugs exclusively to FR expressing tumors while avoiding uptake by the surrounding healthy tissue. This targeting mechanism can also be utilized for immunotherapy by vaccinating mice against a particular hapten in order to induce the production of anti-hapten antibodies and subsequently treating tumor bearing mice with a folate-hapten conjugate. The resulting reduction in tumor burden is achieved by antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). However, hapten mediated immunotherapy alone has been ineffective at controlling tumor progression over longer periods of time and requires supplementation with immunomodulatory cytokines for optimum therapeutic results. Several multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors have recently shown promising synergy in a variety of different cancers when combined with other immunotherapies. Therefore, we examined the effect of combining the RTK inhibitors sunitinib and axitinib with folate-fluorescein therapy in tumor bearing mice that had previously been immunized against fluorescein. We report here that sunitinib synergizes with folate-fluorescein in both the L1210A lymphoma and the M109 lung cancer models resulting in slowed tumor progression, inhibition of tumor vasculature, and increased levels of circulating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. The combination of axitinib with folate-fluorescein was only evaluated in mice bearing L1210A tumors and these mice have also demonstrated lower average tumor volumes than mice treated with either drug alone or not treated at all. These results suggest that RTK inhibitors play an important role in modulating the anti-tumor immunity of tumor bearing mice and could be a potent addition to ADCC mediated therapeutic approaches for cancers. Citation Format: Nimalka A. Bandara, Philip S. Low. Multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors synergize with folate-hapten mediated immunotherapy in folate receptor positive cancers. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2593. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2593
Expression of Olig2 in terminally differentiated eosinophils among leukocytes
Authors: Sae Mi Hwang, Jin Hyun Kang, Il Yup Chung
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Eosinophils are granulocytes that play a role in homeostasis and pathogenesis of heminth infection and allergic diseases. Olig2, a basic helix loop helix transcription factor, plays a key role in cell fate decision of oligodendrocytes and motor neurons. In the present study, we identified OLIG2 as a gene that among leukocytes is expressed exclusively in eosinophils. When cord blood (CB) CD34+ hematopoietic stem cells differentiated toward eosinophils during a 24 day culture period, Olig2 protein was expressed only in CB eosinophils at day 24, a time when these cells were considered fully differentiated and matured, while Olig2 protein was not detected at day 18 or at earlier time points. Olig2 was also selectively and abundantly expressed in eosinophils, but not in neutrophils or mononuclear cells from human peripheral blood, and was expressed in eosinophilic and mast cell lines. When the developing CB eosinophils were transfected with an OLIG2 promoter reporter encompassing 1.1 kb of the proximal promoter region, promoter activity was significantly higher in CB eosinophils at day 24 than in those at day 18. As the gene encoding major basic protein (MBP), an eosinophil marker, was markedly downregulated at the time when Olig2 protein was upregulated, we examined whether Olig2 affected MBP gene expression. Ectopically expressed Olig2 repressed the activity of the MBP promoter reporter, while a mutant form of Olig2 had no effect. Olig2 siRNA partially reversed the Olig2-mediated repressive effect on MBP promoter activity in vitro. Our results suggest a potential regulator of Olig2 that mediates transcription of eosinophil-specific genes.
Is measuring ventilation during the six minutes walking test (6MWT) important
Authors: Carmen Columbia Stroescu, Alina Croitoru, Diana Ionita
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: 6MWD and FEV1 are used as a one-time measure of functional status, as predictors of morbidity and mortality, and for measuring the response to medical interventions. The additional value of ventilation (VE) monitoring during the 6MWT is unknown.

Aim: Evaluation of VE during the 6MWT and it's correlation with the validated parameters (6MWD and FEV1).

Method: Patients (P) and healthy subjects (H) performed two standard 6MWT (S6MWT) and one 6MWT with VE monitoring (V6MWT), at minimum 1 hour intervals. The inspiratory capacity (IC) was measured before and after the V6MWT. VE profile and correlations between parameters were assessed.

Results: 23P (15 COPD cases) and 5H performed the tests.

The baseline VE did not correlate with FEV1 and 6MWD nor with the baseline or end-of-test IC.

Most subjects reached a VE plateau within the first 3 minutes of the test. The time to a stable VE did not correlate with the V6MWD or FEV1, but with baseline IC (r 0.428).

The peak VE, as well as the difference between initial and final (delta) VE, did however significantly correlate with FEV1 (r 0.696 and 0.686 respectively) and 6MWD (r 0.515 and 0.476 respectively).

Strong correlations were found between FEV1, V6MWD and baseline and end-of-test IC (r > 0,7), but not with the delta IC.

The correlation of ventilatory parameters (IC, peak VE, delta VE) with the 6MWD was proven to be FEV1 dependent as, when controlled for FEV1, these correlations did not remain significant.

Conclusions: Some ventilatory parameters measured during the 6MWT did correlate with the 6MWD and FEV1. The importance of VE profile evaluation during the 6MWT needs further assessment.
Abstract 11886: Chronic Kidney Disease Status Modifies the Association of CYP2C19 Polymorphism in Predicting Clinical Outcomes Following Coronary Stent Implantation
Authors: Noriaki Tabata, Seiji Hokimoto, Tomonori Akasaka, Yuichiro Arima, Koichi Kaikita, Kazuko Nakagawa, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  There is some controversy regarding the effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on clinical outcome in coronary heart disease patients with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular event.   Hypothesis:  We hypothesized that CYP2C19 polymorphism correlates with adverse cardiovascular events without the factor of CKD. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CKD status modifies the association of CYP2C19 polymorphism in predicting outcomes in a prospective cohort study.   Methods:  We enrolled 331 patients following elective percutaneous coronary intervention with DAPT. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate    Results:  There was no significant difference in the proportion of carriers between CKD and non-CKD group, and no significant difference in clinical characteristics between Carriers and non-Carriers in both CKD and non-CKD groups. The proportion of high platelet reactivity was significantly higher in CKD than non-CKD (35.9% vs 23.9%; P=0.025), and Carriers than non-Carriers in both CKD (42.4% vs 21.7%; P=0.016) and non-CKD groups (34.3% vs 3.7%; P   Conclusions:  The association of CYP2C19 polymorphism with clinical outcome is more important in non-CKD than CKD patients following coronary stent implantation.
PORPHYRIA HEPATICA ASSOCIATED WITH PANARTERITIS
Authors: W ESMOND, C R FRAVEL, S E MULLER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1956)

Case Reports1 August 1956PORPHYRIA HEPATICA ASSOCIATED WITH PANARTERITISS. EDWIN MULLER, M.D., F.A.C.P., C. RICHARD FRAVEL, M.D., WILLIAM ESMOND, M.D.S. EDWIN MULLER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, C. RICHARD FRAVEL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM ESMOND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-45-2-288 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe purpose of this report is to record a case in which acute porphyria of the hepatic type and panarteritis occurred simultaneously in a 58 year old Negro male.The terminology used in porphyria has changed frequently during the past decade. The classification by Schmid, Schwartz and Watson1 has been used in this paper. To avoid confusion, this recent modified classification is reprinted.1. Porphyria erythropoietica: congenital photosensitive porphyria, usually associated with hemolytic anemia and splenomegaly.2. Porphyria hepatica: hepatic disease or functional impairment frequent.(a) Intermittent acute type: abdominal and/or nervous system manifestations.(b) "Cutanea tarda" type: late appearance...Bibliography1. SchmidSchwartzWatson RSCJ: Porphyrin content of bone marrow and liver in the various forms of porphyria, Arch. Int. Med. 93: 167-190, 1954. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. Porter WB: Personal communications. Google Scholar3. Waldenström J: Studien über Porphyrie, Acta med. Scandinav., Supp. 82: 1937. Google Scholar4. SchwarzMoulton GAJA: Porphyria, a clinical and neuropathologic report, Arch. Int. Med. 94: 221-247, 1954. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Baltimore, Maryland*Received for publication May 14, 1955.From the Department of Medicine, Mercy Hospital, and the University of Maryland School of Medicine.Requests for reprints should be addressed to S. Edwin Muller, M.D., 2 West Read Street, Baltimore 1, Maryland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byPorphyria: Theories of Etiology and TreatmentPeriarteriitis nodosaRHEUMATISM AND ARTHRITIS: REVIEW OF AMERICAN AND ENGLISH LITERATURE OF RECENT YEARS (THIRTEENTH RHEUMATISM REVIEW)*CHARLEY J. SMYTH, M.D., F.A.C.P., ROGER L. BLACK, M.D., FELIX E. DEMARTINI, M.D., IVAN F. DUFF, M.D., F.A.C.P., EPHRAIM P. ENGLEMAN, M.D., F.A.C.P., DONALD C. GRAHAM, M.D., F.R.C.P.(C), MAX M. MONTGOMERY, M.D., F.A.C.P., HOWARD F. POLLEY, M.D., F.A.C.P., EDWARD F. ROSENBERG, M.D., F.A.C.P., CARLOS F. SACASA, M.D., F.A.C.P., OTTO STEINBROCKER, M.D., HANS WAINE, M.D., GEORGE M. WILSON JR., M.D.Periarteriitis nodosa 1 August 1956Volume 45, Issue 2Page: 288-298KeywordsHemolytic anemiaHospital medicineNervous systemPorphyriaSplenomegaly ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1956 PDF downloadLoading ...
Unfavorable factors associated with false negative results of interferon-gamma release assay for tuberculosis
Authors: Nguyen Thi Le Hang, L.T. Lien, N. Kobayashi, T. Shimbo, S. Sakurada, P.H. Thuong, L.T. Hong, D.B. Tam, M. Hijikata, I. Matsushita, N.V. Hung, K. Higuchi, N. Harada, N. Keicho
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Imperfect sensitivity of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) is a potential problem to detect tuberculous infection. We comprehensively investigated factors that can lead to false negativity of IGRA, regarding active tuberculosis as a surrogate.

In total, 543 patients with new smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis were tested. At the time of diagnosis, peripheral blood was collected and IGRA (QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube®, Cellestis, Victoria, Australia) was performed. Clinical and epidemiological information of the host and pathogen was collected together. Factors negatively influencing IGRA results were evaluated using logistic regression model.

Age ≥ 80 years old, body mass index <18.5 and the extensive infiltrates on chest X-ray showed significant associations with IGRA negativity (OR = 8.47 [95% CI, 1.53–46.84], 3.46 [95% CI, 1.14–10.49], and 3.07 [95% CI, 1.18–7.97], respectively), whereas HIV co-infection was rather associated with indeterminate results (OR = 23.30 [95% CI, 4.28–126.82]). Having HLA-DRB1*0701 allele was also associated with IGRA negativity; the number of the HLA allele that the patients possess correlated inversely with concentrations of interferon-gamma induced by M. tuberculosis -specific antigens (heterozygotes; 2.08 IU/ml [interquartile range, 0.79–4.64] and homozygotes; 0.15 IU/ml [0.06–0.26], respectively; P = 0.0064)

A variety of factors including an HLA allele affect false negativity of IGRA. Assessment of these factors in tested populations would contribute to a secure and reliable interpretation of IGRA results.