tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Beta-adrenergic receptors in lymphocyte subsets after exercise. Alterations in normal individuals and patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: A S Maisel, T Harris, C A Rearden, M C Michel
Journal: Circulation (1990)

Dynamic exercise increases the number of beta-adrenergic receptors in mixed lymphocytes by a mechanism that is incompletely understood. In a set of in vivo studies, we have investigated the effects of dynamic exercise on the subset distribution of circulating lymphocytes and on the number of beta-adrenergic receptors in each of these subsets in two groups of patients. In healthy subjects, exercise increased plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine and caused lymphocytosis. Whereas the number of Thelper cells increased only modestly, the number of Tsuppressor/cytotoxic and natural killer cells more than tripled. The number of beta-adrenergic receptors varied among subsets but was not significantly altered by dynamic exercise in any subset except natural killer cells (35% increase, p = 0.0302). In a group of patients with congestive heart failure, dynamic exercise increased plasma norepinephrine but did not alter plasma epinephrine and did not cause significant lymphocytosis. We did not detect any significant alterations of circulating leukocyte subsets or beta-adrenergic receptors in any of these subsets after exercise. A combined analysis of healthy patients and heart failure patients revealed a significant correlation between increases in plasma epinephrine and increases in circulating lymphocytes. We conclude that the exercise-induced increase in beta-adrenergic receptors of mixed lymphocytes is predominantly caused by a redistribution of circulating cell subsets that differ in their beta-adrenergic receptor number. This appears to be mediated by epinephrine rather than norepinephrine.
Occupational asthma caused by carnation (<i>Dianthus caryophyllus</i>) with simultaneous IgE‐mediated sensitization to <i>Tetranychus urticae</i>
Authors: C. Sánchez‐Fernández, M. L. González‐Gutiérrez, M. I. Esteban‐López, A. Martínez, M. Lombardero
Journal: Allergy (2003)
Fine phenotypic and functional characterization of effector cluster of differentiation 8 positive T cells in human patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Masanobu Tsuda, Yoko M. Ambrosini, Weici Zhang, Guo-Xiang Yang, Yugo Ando, Guanghua Rong, Koichi Tsuneyama, Kosuke Sumida, Shinji Shimoda, Christopher L. Bowlus, Patrick S.C. Leung, Xiao-Song He, Ross L. Coppel, Aftab A. Ansari, Zhe-Xiong Lian, M. Eric Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (2011)

In primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), patients develop a multilineage response to a highly restricted peptide of the E2 component of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDC-E2) involving autoantibody and autoreactive cluster of differentiation (CD)4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell responses. Recent data from murine models have suggested that liver-infiltrating CD8(+) cells play a critical role in biliary destruction in PBC. We hypothesized that chronic antigen stimulation of CD8(+) T cells alters effector memory T cell (T(EM) ) frequency and function similar to that seen with chronic viral infections, including failure to terminally differentiate and relative resistance to apoptosis. We have rigorously phenotyped CD8(+) T-cell subpopulations from 132 subjects, including 76 patients with PBC and 56 controls, and report a higher frequency of T(EM) cells characterized as CD45RO(high) CD57(+) CD8(high), but expressing the gut homing integrin, α4β7, in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of PBC. These CD8(high) T(EM) cells have reduced expression of Annexin V after TCR stimulation. Consistent with a T(EM) phenotype, CD45RO(high) CD57(+) CD8(high) T cells express higher levels of granzyme A, granzyme B, perforin, CCR5 and α4β7, and lower levels of CCR7 and CD28 than other CD8(high) T cells. Furthermore, interleukin (IL)-5 produced by CD8(+) CD57(+) T lymphocytes upon in vitro T-cell receptor stimulation are increased in PBC. Histologically, CD8(+) CD57(+) T cells accumulate around the portal area in PBC. Moreover, CD8(+) CD57(+) T cells respond specifically to the major histocompatibility class I epitope of PDC-E2.In conclusion, our data demonstrate that CD45RO(high) CD57(+) CD8(high) T cells are a subset of terminally differentiated cytotoxic T(EM) cells, which could play a critical role in the progressive destruction of biliary epithelial cells.
Case 37-1985
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, Eugene J. Mark, Betty U. McNeely, Michael N. Margolies, David L. Gang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Presentation of Case First admission. A 69-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of gastrointestinal bleeding.There was a history of hypertension for 15 years, treated with hydrochlorothiazide and triamterene; diabetes mellitus was managed on oral hypoglycemic agents until two years before entry, when the glucose rose to 660 mg per 100 ml (37 mmol per liter), and insulin was substituted. He was otherwise well until four months before admission, when he began to notice weakness. Three days later he came to the clinic, where severe pallor and black stools were found, and he was admitted to the . . .
Robert M. Zollinger, MD: Ohio's natural hormone
Authors: Barbara Bolsen
Journal: JAMA (1981)

He's a farm boy from Millersport, Ohio, who wanted to go to West Point. He still likes to pretend that he's just a simple rural lad. Neither of his parents had attended college—the Depression of '93 kept them on the farm—nor had anyone from his high school. He's the first physician in his family, but not the last. His brother, eight years younger, is a surgeon, as is his son, with whom he wrote and edited the fourth edition of the surgical Bible,<i>The Atlas of Surgical Operations</i>. Although he changed his mind about West Point, survivors of his rigorous surgical service at Ohio State maintain that West Point must be easier. He is Robert M. Zollinger, MD, professor and chairman emeritus, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Ohio State University at Columbus. And although a pride of awards crowds his curriculum vitae, his greatest honor is listed nowhere: He
Current concepts of mitral valve reconstruction for mitral insufficiency.
Authors: A C Galloway, S B Colvin, F G Baumann, S Harty, F C Spencer
Journal: Circulation (1988)

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in surgical reconstruction of the insufficient mitral valve because of reconfirmation of the limitations of existing prosthetic and bioprosthetic valves. A follow-up study, including late functional data, of 148 patients who underwent mitral valve reconstruction at our institution was combined with a review of the literature to assess the current status of mitral reconstruction. The results indicate that mitral reconstruction by Carpentier techniques is widely applicable, durable, and relatively free of complication. Freedom from late thromboembolic and anticoagulant complications is particularly notable. These factors could prove to justify earlier operative intervention in patients with mitral insufficiency before permanent myocardial damage evolves. As mitral valve reconstruction techniques become more familiar and widely used, mitral reconstruction may become the operative procedure of choice for mitral insufficiency, especially insufficiency due to degenerative disease.
Altered binding of Ulex europaeus I lectin to psoriatic epidermis
Authors: A. -L. KARINIEMI, H. HOLTHOFER, A. MIETTINEN, I. VIRTANEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Altered binding of Ulex europaeus I lectin to psoriatic epidermis Get access A. ‐L. KARINIEMI, A. ‐L. KARINIEMI Department of Dermatology, Helsinki University Central Hospital A. ‐L. Kariniemi, M. D., Department of Dermatology, University Central Hospital of Helsinki, Snellmaninkatu 14, SF‐00170 Helsinki 17, Finland. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. HOLTHÖFER, H. HOLTHÖFER Departments of Bacteriology and Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. MIETTINEN, A. MIETTINEN Departments of Bacteriology and Immunology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. VIRTANEN I. VIRTANEN Pathology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 109, Issue 5, 1 November 1983, Pages 523–529, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb07674.x Published: 01 November 1983 Article history Accepted: 28 March 1983 Published: 01 November 1983
Response: The Case for the Two-Step Biopsy Procedure for Breast Cancer
Authors: R. G. Margolese
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (1982)

No prospective evaluation of the one-step versus the two-step biopsy procedure has ever been done.We are dependent on ret rospective analyses, which are open to de bate.To obtain a clearer basis for potential conclusions, this article will discuss cur rent statistical evidence as well as our current understanding of tumor biology. HistoryEarly recommendations were against a two-step procedure.Ewing' thought delay was inadvisable because mechanical trauma can dislodge cells and the delay gives cells an opportunity to reach lymph nodes.Har rington2 did notbelieve itwas everjusti fiable to biopsy the breast without imme diate frozen section and surgery.More recent reports, however, show no apparent disadvantage for cases treated with a delay between biopsy and mastec tomy.In the Mayo Clinic series, Pierce et al3 believed that the earlier cautions against two-step biopsy should be reexamined in view of the evidence that malignant cells constantly invade the vascular system in a number that far exceeds the instances of
Managed Care Ethics
Authors: Mark A. Hall
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 October 1998Managed Care EthicsMark A. Hall, JD and Robert A. Berenson, MDMark A. Hall, JDWake Forest University School of Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC 27157Georgetown University School of Medicine; Washington, DC 20016Search for more papers by this author and Robert A. Berenson, MDWake Forest University School of Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC 27157Georgetown University School of Medicine; Washington, DC 20016Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00038 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We can do little more than map out the structure of our argument. Our aim is not to say that these thoughtful positions are wrong but to identify exactly where we differ.Dr. Kosseff hopes that rationing will not be necessary if waste can be eliminated, but the fundamental reality of limited resources makes this an unavoidably false hope. The essential question is, Who should make rationing decisions? Much can be said for the centralized, rule-based approach that Drs. Gurewich and Moore seem to prefer, but Dr. Temianka helps to explain why it is not feasible or desirable ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Mark A. Hall, JD; Robert A. Berenson, MDAffiliations: Wake Forest University School of Medicine; Winston-Salem, NC 27157Georgetown University School of Medicine; Washington, DC 20016 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 8Page: 674KeywordsDecision makingMotivationPrevention, policy, and public health ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cold-induced apoptosis of rat liver cells in University of Wisconsin solution: The central role of chelatable iron
Authors: Uta Kerkweg, Tongju Li, Herbert de Groot, Ursula Rauen
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Although University of Wisconsin (UW) solution aims at the prevention of cold-induced cell injury, it failed to protect against cold-induced apoptosis of hepatocytes and liver endothelial cells: when incubated in UW solution at 4°C for 24 hours and subsequently rewarmed at 37°C, 72% ± 8% of rat hepatocytes and 81% ± 5% of liver endothelial cells lost viability. In both cell types, the observed cell damage occurred under an apoptotic morphology; it appeared to be mediated by a rapid increase in the cellular chelatable iron pool by a factor ≥2 (as determined in hepatocytes) and subsequent formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Consequently, this cell injury was decreased by iron chelators to 6 to 25% (hepatocytes) and 4% ± 2% (liver endothelial cells). Deferoxamine nearly completely inhibited the occurrence of apoptotic morphology in both cell types. In liver endothelial cells, cold-induced apoptosis occurring during rewarming after 24 hours of cold incubation in UW solution was far more pronounced than in cell culture medium (loss of viability: 81% ± 5% vs. 28% ± 13%), but viability could even be maintained for 2 weeks of cold incubation by use of deferoxamine. In conclusion, this pathological mechanism might be an explanation for the strong endothelial cell injury known to occur after cold preservation. With regard to the extent of this iron-mediated injury, addition of a suitable iron chelator to UW solution might markedly improve the outcome of liver preservation.
A Health Policy Agenda for the American People
Authors: Bruce E. Balfe
Journal: JAMA (1985)

The growing complexity of the health care sector demands a comprehensive framework for the long-term direction of health care policy. To this end, a Health Policy Agenda for the American People was initiated in 1982. Phase I of this two-phase project ended in May 1984 and produced 159 principles and 41 issues covering a wide spectrum of health care concerns. During Phase II, presently under way, policy proposals are being developed that respond to these issues and are consistent with the principles. The principles constitute the basis for policy development and include statements about equity, individual and professional rights and responsibilities, the role of government, and the quality and cost of health care. In addition to their use in the development of the agenda, the principles are being used by participating organizations in their own policy development activities. (<i>JAMA</i>1985;254:2440-2448)
'Cafe Coronaries' in Psychiatric Patients
Authors: Thomas J. Craig
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by Mittleman and Wetli entitled "The Fatal Cafe Coronary: Foreign-Body Airway Obstruction" (1982;247:1285) interested us, since we have been investigating the possible association between psychotropic drugs and disorders of swallowing among psychiatric patients for the past several years. Recently, we have reported two studies that showed (1) that psychiatric patients who choked to death were twice as likely to have been receiving multiple drugs with strong anticholinergic effects at the time of death as living control subjects (71.4%<i>v</i>35.7%, respectively) and (2) that impairment of the gag reflex was more than three times as likely among living schizophrenic patients with tardive dyskinesia who were also receiving anticholinergic drugs (73.7%) as compared with patients without tardive dyskinesia with (12.5%) or without (22.2%) anticholinergic drug exposure and patients with tardive dyskinesia without anticholinergic drug exposure (30.0% ).<sup>2</sup>The previously described findings have led us to postulate
Fatal Aplastic Anemia after Hepatitis
Authors: Robert N. Levy, Arthur Sawitsky, Alfred L. Florman, Emanuel Rubin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

VIRAL hepatitis and aplastic anemia are not rare. Their concurrence might therefore represent chance. However, within a four-year period, we have encountered 5 patients, all of whom died of aplastic anemia while convalescing from nonepidemic viral hepatitis. This experience suggests that more than chance may be involved and that the sequence of events may be causally related.This communication reports these 5 cases, including 4 autopsies, and compares them with 3 others found in the literature.1 All our patients were children or young adults who lived on Long Island or in New Jersey. Four were males. Pancytopenia followed the onset . . .
Outcomes in Type 1 Diabetic Pregnancies
Authors: Dorte M. Jensen, Peter Damm, Lars Moelsted-Pedersen, Per Ovesen, Jes G. Westergaard, Margrethe Moeller, Henning Beck-Nielsen
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

OBJECTIVE—The aim of this study was to compare pregnancy outcomes in type 1 diabetic pregnancies with the background population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—This nationwide prospective multicenter study took place in eight Danish centers treating pregnant women with type 1 diabetes during 1993–1999. A total of 990 women with 1,218 pregnancies and delivery after 24 weeks (n = 1,215) or early termination due to severe congenital malformations (n = 3) were included. Data were collected prospectively by one to three caregivers in each center and reported to a central registry. RESULTS—The perinatal mortality rate was 3.1% in type 1 diabetic pregnancies compared with 0.75% in the background population (RR 4.1 [95% CI 2.9–5.6]), and the stillbirth rate was 2.1% compared with 0.45 (4.7 [3.2–7.0]). The congenital malformation rate was 5.0% in the study population and 2.8% (1.7 [1.3–2.2]) in the background population. Six of the perinatal deaths (16%) were related to congenital malformations. Only 34% of women performed daily home monitoring of blood glucose at conception, and 58% received preconceptional guidance. Pregnancies with serious adverse outcomes (perinatal death and/or congenital malformations) were characterized by higher HbA1c values before and during pregnancy and a lesser degree of maternal self-care and preconceptional guidance. Women who performed daily self-monitoring of blood glucose at any time during pregnancy had lower HbA1c values than women who did not measure their daily profile. Likewise, daily self-monitoring was associated with a reduction in serious adverse outcomes. The caesarean section rate was 55.9 and 12.6%, respectively, and the risk of preterm delivery was 41.7 and 6.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS—Type 1 diabetic pregnancies are still complicated by considerably higher rates of severe perinatal complications compared with the background population, and women with poor self-care are at the highest risk. Adequate glycemic control using daily glucose monitoring before and during pregnancy is a crucial step toward reaching the goals of the St. Vincent declaration.
Risk of tuberculosis in immigrant Asians: culturally acquired immunodeficiency?
Authors: P. J. Finch, F. J. Millard, J. D. Maxwell
Journal: Thorax (1991)

Study of the 620 Asian immigrants with tuberculosis notified in the Wandsworth area of south London between 1973 and 1988 showed a bimodal pattern of tuberculosis notifications: in 1977 there was a peak among Asians from East Africa, and in 1981 a peak among those from the Indian subcontinent. There was a mean lag time of five years between clinical presentation and immigration. Logit analysis showed that, although overall more men had tuberculosis than women, glandular tuberculosis was more common among women of all groups, and pulmonary tuberculosis was more common among Hindu women than Hindu men. Both subgroups of Asians had a substantially higher incidence of tuberculosis than white people, particularly at extrapulmonary sites. Hindus were also at a significantly greater risk of tuberculosis at all sites than Muslims (Hindu:Muslim risk ratio 5.5 for women and 3.7 for men). The increased susceptibility to tuberculosis of Hindus, particularly Hindu women, may be related to a culturally acquired immunodeficiency caused by vegetarianism and associated vitamin deficiency.
Lidocaine and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Richard S. Crampton
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In reply to Dr. Knapp, I can only point out that much of the clinical evidence accumulated in medicine about the toxic effects of a drug is based emperically upon guilt by association. Incriminating a single factor, such as disturbed cardiovascular function, intravenously administered lidocaine hydrochloride, other drugs used in treatment, or a combination of these influences is unsatisfactory in the analysis of a single case. Despite overwhelming evidence of the neurotoxicity of lidocaine in patients with infarction and arrhythmias and in normal volunteers, there is no absolute proof that lidocaine caused the neurological disturbances observed in this case. Nevertheless, it is hard to ignore the association in this case between the infusion of lidocaine and the progressive appearance of undesirable neurological symptoms and signs closely resembling observations reported by others. Obviously, it is fortunate that Dr. Knapp's patient did not convulse during the infusion of procainamide.
Modeling hepatitis B virus X-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in mice with the sleeping beauty transposon system
Authors: Vincent W. Keng, Barbara R. Tschida, Jason B. Bell, David A. Largaespada
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract The mechanisms associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV)–induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain elusive, and there are currently no well-established animal models for studying this disease. Using the Sleeping Beauty transposon as a delivery system, we introduced an oncogenic component of HBV, the hepatitis B virus X ( HBx ) gene, into the livers of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase ( Fah ) mutant mice via hydrodynamic tail vein injections. Coexpression of Fah complementary DNA from the transposon vector allowed for the selective repopulation of genetically corrected hepatocytes in Fah mutant mice. The process of hydrodynamic delivery induced liver inflammation, and the subsequent selective repopulation of hepatocytes carrying the transgene(s) could provide useful genetic information about the mechanisms of HBV-induced hyperplasia. Short hairpin RNA directed against transformation-related protein 53 ( shp53 ) or other tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes [e.g., constitutively active neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog with Gly12Val substitution ( NRASG12V )] could also be codelivered with HBx by this system so that we could determine whether oncogenic cooperation existed. We found that the expression of HBx induced the activation of β-catenin expression in hydrodynamically injected livers, and this indicated its association with the Wnt signaling pathway in HBV-induced hyperplasia. HBx coinjected with shp53 accelerated the formation of liver hyperplasia in these mice. As expected, constitutively active NRASG12V alone was sufficient to induce liver hyperplasia, and its tumorigenicity was augmented when it was coinjected with shp53 . Interestingly, HBx did not seem to cooperate with constitutively active NRASG12V in driving liver tumorigenesis. Conclusion: This system can be used as a model for studying the various genetic contributions of HBV to liver hyperplasia and finally HCC in an in vivo system. (Hepatology 2010;.)