tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Complete remission of a primary effusion lymphoma with antiretroviral therapy
Authors: Eric Oksenhendler, Jean-Pierre Clauvel, Stephane Jouveshomme, Frederic Davi, Georges Mansour
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

lymph node involvement with rt ureter compression that required a stent insertion.Brain CT showed a suprasellar lesion involving the diencephalic and chiasmatic regions (Fig. 1a).The patient was treated with CdA (2 hr-infusion of 0.14 mg/kg die × 7 days) and Dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg die × 4 days).Therapy was well tolerated without significant hematologic toxicity (WHO G4 leukopenia duration, 3 days; no thrombocytopenia).Partial regression of the liver, kidney, and lymph node involvement and complete regression of the brain lesions (Fig. 1b) were documented 1 month later by CT.The patient was discharged on May 24 with complete regression of the neurological symptoms.On June 13 she died from an acute cerebral vascular accident (CVA) of ischemic origin (brain CT not shown).In this patient, a single cycle of CdA induced complete regression of the brain lesion.CVA as a complication of therapy with CdA has not been reported; a relationship between treatment and the final event is unlikely.
The Saikewicz Decision: Judges as Physicians
Authors: Arnold S. Relman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

IT is a fundamental canon of medical ethics that physicians should begin treatment only with the consent of the patient, except in emergencies, when they are expected to take appropriate lifesaving action on the patient's behalf even without consent. But what if the patient, because of age, illness or mental retardation, is incapable of giving consent and the decision involves starting (or stopping) therapy that could not be considered lifesaving, but could at best be expected only to prolong a terminal condition? The question is not far-fetched. Physicians face this kind of dilemma frequently.Traditionally, doctors responsible for the care . . .
Antiphospholipid syndrome: linking many specialties.
Authors: G R Hughes, R A Asherson, M A Khamashta
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1989)

Antiphospholipid syndrome: linking many specialties It is now five years since the first detailed descriptions of the antiphospholiid (or anticardiolipin) syndrome first appeared.1The three papers in this issue of the Annals serve to highlight the interest this subject is now generat- ing, not only world wide, but in medical specialties far removed from rheumatology.The original studies were in systemic lupus erythematosus.It was apparent, however, that even in lupus, most ofthe patientswere atypical-frequently,
Routine chest radiography for the evaluation of febrile neutropenic patients after autologous stem cell transplantation
Authors: Vivek Roy, Lubna I. Ali, George B. Selby
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Chest radiographs are routinely obtained for diagnostic evaluation of neutropenic febrile patients. We investigated the frequency of chest radiographic abnormalities during febrile episodes after autologous PBSC transplants and assessed the relationship of these abnormalities to past history of pulmonary disease, pre-transplant chest radiographic abnormalities, and pulmonary signs or symptoms at time of fever. We also studied the impact of chest radiographic findings on patient management. Sixty-one consecutive adult autologous PBSC transplant recipients were studied. Fifty-two (85%) developed fever, and 20 (38%) of these showed new chest radiographic abnormalities suggestive of pulmonary infection. Patients with pre-transplant chest radiographic abnormalities were more likely to develop additional abnormalities with fever post-transplant. Pulmonary symptoms or signs had low sensitivity or specificity for predicting radiographic abnormalities. Only 40% of patients with pulmonary symptoms or signs had an abnormal chest radiograph. Twenty-six percent of patients with abnormal chest radiographs had no clinical findings suggestive of pulmonary infection. The identification of chest radiographic abnormality did not change empiric antibiotic treatment in any patient. The role of routine chest radiography for diagnostic evaluation of febrile autologous PBSC transplant patients should be re-evaluated.
Infection Control-Reply
Authors: Frank S. Rhame
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> Dr. Iffy's concern may arise from semantic confusion about the term "strict isolation." I had hoped to make clear that I used the isolation categories as named and fully described in the Center for Disease Control's (CDC) isolation manual.<sup>1</sup>The manual recommends "wound and skin precautions" for most infected wounds. When the purulence cannot be contained by dressings and is caused by<i>Sta aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, it recommends strict isolation. "Wound and skin precautions" consists of wearing gown and gloves for direct contact with the patient and, for dressing change, a mask and two sets of gloves (the first pair to be discarded after removal of the dressing). Strict isolation calls for a single room (preferably with air control) and the wearing of gowns, gloves, and masks by all personnel whenever they are in the room. The CDC's recommendation of strict isolation for major surgical wound
Cellular and genetic restrictions in the immunoregulatory activity of alpha-fetoprotein. II. Alpha-fetoprotein-induced suppression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte development.
Authors: A B Peck, R A Murgita, H Wigzell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1978)

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), a major component of fetal and newborn sera, was shown to exert significant immunosuppressive activity on the in vitro generation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). This suppression proved independent of the suppressibility of the mixed leukocyte culture activation phase, since strain combinations whose proliferative responses were refractive to AFP-induced suppression also failed to develop demonstrable CTLs in the presence of AFP. Several strain combinations were also found in which normal generation of CTLs occurred in cultures containing AFP. This refractive nature correlated with the presence of nonsuppressible lymphocyte-stimulating alloantigenic systems on the stimulating cell population. These data provide the basis for proposing several possible mechanisms for AFP-induced suppression of T-cell-mediated cytotoxicity, as well as suggesting that the primary target of this suppression is the proliferating helper T cell precommited to respond towards the major histocompatibility complex-associated lymphocyte-activating determinants.
Ventricles as a major site of atrial natriuretic factor synthesis and release in cardiomyopathic hamsters with heart failure.
Authors: G Thibault, M Nemer, J Drouin, J P Lavigne, J Ding, C Charbonneau, R Garcia, J Genest, G Jasmin, M Sole
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

The aim of the present study was to correlate in cardiomyopathic hamsters with congestive heart failure the levels of atrial and ventricular atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) messenger RNA (mRNA) with immunoreactive ANF (IR-ANF) plasma levels and the relative amount of IR-ANF released by the whole heart versus isolated ventricles in the Langendorff preparation. High-performance liquid chromatography analysis of the forms of ANF present in plasma and in the Langendorff effluent of whole heart versus isolated ventricles was also performed. As previously found for cardiac IR-ANF, the levels of ANF mRNA decreased gradually in atria and increased in an analogous fashion in ventricles with the severity of congestive heart failure. Plasma IR-ANF levels (C-terminal) were more elevated in moderate than in severe congestive heart failure, as were the IR-ANF levels in the Langendorff effluent of the whole heart. On the contrary, the effluent of isolated ventricles from animals in severe heart failure yielded more IR-ANF than that from hamsters in moderate heart failure. Thus, while the isolated ventricles from controls contributed 35.8% of IR-ANF released by the whole heart, ventricles from hamsters in moderate heart failure contributed 17.5%, and those from hamsters in severe heart failure contributed 73.9%. These results indicate that atrial cardiocytes contribute more IR-ANF than their ventricular counterpart in moderate heart failure and that ventricles are a major source of plasma IR-ANF in severe heart failure. Analysis of IR-ANF from plasma and the Langendorff effluent from whole hearts and isolated ventricles revealed that the ventricles are the major source of the propeptide (and of its cleaved products) found in the circulation of cardiomyopathic hamsters. These results suggest that ANF synthesis and secretion do not increase conjointly in atria but do increase in ventricles during congestive heart failure.
Hypermetabolic Change as a Possible Predictive Sign of a Relapsed Central Nervous System Lymphoma
Authors: Tadaki Nakahara, Yaeko Takagi, Hayao Shiga, Hideo Uchida, Junichi Kaburaki, Atsushi Kubo
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Purpose: A patient with abdominal lymphoma who had been in complete remission for 6 years presented with a 1-month history of dysarthria. The aim of our report is to discuss the discordance of the patient's results between magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). Materials and Methods: After the onset, FDG PET and brain MR imaging were performed. The FDG PET study included whole-body and brain scan. The MR study included pre- and postcontrast T1, T2, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffusion-weighted sequences. Results: Brain MR imaging showed a localized abnormal signal around the left Sylvian fissure in any sequence, although a postcontrast study exhibited poor enhancement in the lesion. Brain PET showed a widespread area of slightly increased uptake in the brain on the left side, which was quite inconsistent with the MR results. After 4 months, follow-up MR imaging revealed a widespread abnormal signal, with enhancing masses, in the hypermetabolic region. Conclusions: Hypermetabolic changes on FDG PET preceded signal changes on MR imaging, potentially suggesting that hypermetabolism occurred in the microscopic infiltration of lymphoma cells.
President Roosevelt's Health
Authors: HERRY O. TELTSCHER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1970)

Letters and Comments1 August 1970President Roosevelt's HealthHERRY O. TELTSCHER, PH.D.HERRY O. TELTSCHER, PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-73-2-344 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In the April issue of the ANNALS Dr. Howard C. Bruenn published an article concerning the illness and death of President Franklin D. Roosevelt (Ann Intern Med 72:579-591, 1970). The author stated, "to my knowledge, no factual clinical information regarding his health and illnesses and the events leading to his death has ever been published."Apparently, Dr. Bruenn had not taken notice of the article "How Long Was Roosevelt Ill Before His Death?" by W. G. Eliasberg, M.D., Ph.D., F.A.P.A., and this writer, published in November 1953 by Diseases of the Nervous System, vol. XIV, No. 11.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: 165 E. 80th St. New York, N.Y. 10021 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1970Volume 73, Issue 2Page: 344-345KeywordsHealth information technologyNervous system Issue Published: 1 August 1970 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Are antibiotics effective for acute purulent rhinitis? Systematic review and meta-analysis of placebo controlled randomised trials
Authors: B Arroll, T Kenealy
Journal: BMJ (2006)

To establish that a stable, long-lasting form of memory exists in Drosophila, we trained third-instar larvae by electroshocking them in the presence of a specific odor using a Pavlovian conditioning procedure. We show that conditioned odor avoidance produced in larvae still was present in adults 8 d later. Such memory through metamorphosis was specific to the temporal pairing of odor and shock; presentations of odors alone or shock alone did not produce a change. Thus, the memory involved associative processes. We also show that similar training of the single-gene memory mutants dunce and amnesiac did not yield any detectable learning in larvae or memory retention in adults, suggesting that these mutations interfere with long-term memory (LTM) formation even if LTM is induced independently of earlier memory retention processes.
Neurology of Breathing
Authors: Christian Guilleminault
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2004)

Medical Writings: Book Notes3 August 2004Neurology of BreathingChristian Guilleminault, MDChristian Guilleminault, MDFrom Stanford Sleep Disorders Clinic, Stanford University, Stanford, California.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-141-3-200408030-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Bolton CF, Chen R, Wijdicks EF, and Zifko UA. 232 pages. Oxford, United Kingdom: Butterworth–Heinemann; 2004. $79.95. ISBN 0750674911. Order phone 44-0-1865-474010.Field of medicine: Pulmonary medicine, sleep medicine, neurology, and intense care medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Health care professionals—medical students, house officers, clinicians, and intensive care unit physicians and nurses—caring for patients with neurologic disorders who are at risk for breathing impairments while awake and asleep.Purpose: To provide a comprehensive view of the control of breathing while awake and asleep and dysfunctions that lead to disorders of breathing.Content: The book begins with an entertaining introduction and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Stanford Sleep Disorders Clinic, Stanford University, Stanford, California. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 August 2004Volume 141, Issue 3Page: 248KeywordsBreathingCentral nervous systemNeurologyNeurophysiologyRespirationRespiratory failureSleepSleep apneaSleep disordersSoftware tools ePublished: 3 August 2004 Issue Published: 3 August 2004 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2004 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Comparison Of The IgE Interaction In Depigmented-polymerized And Native Allergen Extracts By Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor Analysis
Authors: J. Carnes, M.T. Gallego, M. Taules, M.A. Lopez-Matas, M. Morales, R. Saez, J.R. Leonor, C. Marquez, T. Aranda, V. Iraola
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Coronary Blood Flow, Myocardial Oxygen Consumption, and Myocardial Metabolism in Normal and Hyperthyroid Human Subjects
Authors: LEONARD LEIGHT, VALENTINO DEFAZIO, FREDERICK N. TALMERS, TIMOTHY J. REGAN, HARPER K. HELLEMS
Journal: Circulation (1956)

The effects of thyroid hormone excess on myocardial hemodynamics and carbohydrate metabolism were determined in a group of subjects, and the findings compared with those obtained in a group of normal individuals. The results indicate that in thyrotoxicosis there tends to be an increase in coronary blood flow and myocardial oxygen consumption and a normal per cent extraction of oxygen by the myocardium. The metabolism of glucose, lactic acid, and pyruvic acid was virtually identical in the 2 groups. No relationship was demonstrable between the arterial levels of the carbohydrate substances and their extraction by the heart.
"FORCED DRAINAGE OF THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID"
Authors: Charles Rosenheck
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, July 29, an article by Drs. Kubie and Retan describes with meticulous detail the newest procedure for dealing with infections of the central nervous system. This in principle and effect is "lavage" of the perivascular and perineuronal spaces of the cerebrospinal parenchyma, which is induced by the introduction of large amounts of hypotonic salt solution into the circulation, and, as the result of differences in osmotic tension thus created, a large amount of this fluid ultimately finds its way into the ventriculosubarachnoid spaces of the brain and cord. It is then drained off through a lumbar interspace, with a lumbar puncture needle. The conception and execution of the therapeutic procedures is, as far as I am aware, original with the authors, and they deserve commendation for this notable contribution to the therapy of infections of the central nervous system. I have had the opportunity
Pathologic Spectrum of Neoplasms of the Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses
Authors: Morgan Berthrong
Journal: JAMA (1972)

There are few neoplasms unique to the nasal cavity of paranasal sinuses. Certain unusual clinicopathologic features, however, result from the nature of the local anatomy and the proximity of these areas to the orbital and oral cavities and to the base of the skull. Biologic behavior is also influenced by the anatomic problems of adequate surgical removal of benign neoplasms which may recur and raise questions of low-grade malignancy. A brief discussion of neoplasms seen in these areas can mention only a few of the interesting and important aspects of their biologic course; details must be sought in review articles.<sup>5,6</sup> Inflammatory polyps, usually allergic, are exceedingly common in both areas; while these lesions often show squamous metaplasia of the surface epithelium or profound vascular proliferation, they usually do not mimic neoplasia. Epithelial papillomas, however, are probably true neoplasms. These are most common in the nasal cavity but also occur
Impact of O-GlcNAc on cardioprotection by remote ischaemic preconditioning in non-diabetic and diabetic patients
Authors: Rebekka V. Jensen, Natasha E. Zachara, Per H. Nielsen, Hans Henrik Kimose, Steen B. Kristiansen, Hans Erik Bøtker
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2012)

Post-translational modification of proteins by O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is cardioprotective but its role in cardioprotection by remote ischaemic preconditioning (rIPC) and the reduced efficacy of rIPC in type 2 diabetes mellitus is unknown. In this study we achieved mechanistic insight into the remote stimulus mediating and the target organ response eliciting the cardioprotective effect by rIPC in non-diabetic and diabetic myocardium and the influence of O-GlcNAcylation. The cardioprotective capacity and the influence on myocardial O-GlcNAc levels of plasma dialysate from eight healthy volunteers and eight type 2 diabetic patients drawn before and after subjection to an rIPC stimulus were tested on human isolated atrial trabeculae subjected to ischaemia/reperfusion injury. Dialysate from healthy volunteers exposed to rIPC improved post-ischaemic haemodynamic recovery (40 ± 6 vs. 16 ± 2%; P < 0.01) and increased myocardial O-GlcNAc levels. Similar observations were made with dialysate from diabetic patients before exposure to rIPC (43 ± 3 vs. 16 ± 2%; P < 0.001) but no additional cardioprotection or further increase in O-GlcNAc levels was achieved by perfusion with dialysate after exposure to rIPC (44 ± 4 and 42 ± 5 vs. 43 ± 3%; P = 0.7). The glutamine:fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFAT) inhibitor azaserine abolished the cardioprotective effects and the increment in myocardial O-GlcNAc levels afforded by plasma from diabetic patients and healthy volunteers treated with rIPC. rIPC and diabetes mellitus per se influence myocardial O-GlcNAc levels through circulating humoral factors. O-GlcNAc signalling participates in mediating rIPC-induced cardioprotection and maintaining a state of inherent chronic activation of cardioprotection in diabetic myocardium, restricting it from further protection by rIPC.
Zinc sulphate in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: P. C. Mattingly, A. G. Mowat
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

To assess the antirheumatic activity of zinc sulphate, 27 patients with active rheumatoid arthritis took part in a 6-month, randomised, double-blind, between-group trial of oral zinc sulphate versus placebo. Twelve patients on zinc and 9 on placebo completed the trial, but no significant antirheumatic activity of zinc sulphate was demonstrated.
A Step toward Personalized Asthma Treatment
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Inhaled glucocorticoids are used every day by millions of patients with asthma. As with all asthma-controller treatments, there is marked patient-to-patient variability in the therapeutic response1; about one in three patients with asthma who use inhaled glucocorticoids may not benefit from this treatment. It would be advantageous if we could identify, in advance, patients who would respond to such treatment, but we have not been able to do so, despite major efforts during the past decade. In this issue of the Journal, Tantisira and colleagues appear to have made progress toward reaching this goal with the identification of a . . .
Anti-ganglioside antibody internalization attenuates motor nerve terminal injury in a mouse model of acute motor axonal neuropathy
Authors: Simon N. Fewou, Angie Rupp, Lauren E. Nickolay, Kathryn Carrick, Kay N. Greenshields, John Pediani, Jaap J. Plomp, Hugh J. Willison
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

In the Guillain-Barré syndrome subform acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN), Campylobacter jejuni enteritis triggers the production of anti-ganglioside Abs (AGAbs), leading to immune-mediated injury of distal motor nerves. An important question has been whether injury to the presynaptic neuron at the neuromuscular junction is a major factor in AMAN. Although disease modeling in mice exposed to AGAbs indicates that complement-mediated necrosis occurs extensively in the presynaptic axons, evidence in humans is more limited, in comparison to the extensive injury seen at nodes of Ranvier. We considered that rapid AGAb uptake at the motor nerve terminal membrane might attenuate complement-mediated injury. We found that PC12 rat neuronal cells rapidly internalized AGAb, which were trafficked to recycling endosomes and lysosomes. Consequently, complement-mediated cytotoxicity was attenuated. Importantly, we observed the same AGAb endocytosis and protection from cytotoxicity in live mouse nerve terminals. AGAb uptake was attenuated following membrane cholesterol depletion in vitro and ex vivo, indicating that this process may be dependent upon cholesterol-enriched microdomains. In contrast, we observed minimal AGAb uptake at nodes of Ranvier, and this structure thus remained vulnerable to complement-mediated injury. These results indicate that differential endocytic processing of AGAbs by different neuronal and glial membranes might be an important modulator of site-specific injury in acute AGAb-mediated Guillain-Barré syndrome subforms and their chronic counterparts.
Vitamin D status of Asian infants.
Authors: N Singleton, S M Tucker
Journal: BMJ (1978)

Vitamin D intakes of infants aged 6 and 18 months from the Asian community in Southhall, Middlesex, were studied to assess the effectiveness of food fortification as a means of preventing vitamin D deficiency. Infants aged 6 months generally had similar diets to white children of the same age and had reasonable vitamin D intakes owing to consumption of fortified dried milks and cereals, reinforced by health visitors and baby clinics. Children aged 18 months, however, ate largely Asian diets and had much lower vitamin D intakes than the 6-month-old group with a corresponding increase in symptoms of vitamin D deficiency. Hence new measures for preventing vitamin D deficiency should probably be aimed at children aged over 1 year. The results of this survey suggest that fortifying chapati flour would be the most effective method of doing this.