tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Frequency and type of EGFR mutations in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung
Authors: Nagore Blanco Cid, Isaura Parente Lamelas, Jose Abal Arca, Hugo Gómez Márquez, Pedro Marcos Velázquez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

INTRODUCTION: To analyze the frequency and type of EGFR mutation and its clinical features, in a cohort of patients with lung9s adenocarcinoma (AD).  MATERIAL AND METHOD: An observational, retrospective study in patients diagnosed with AD at CHUO during the years 2009-2011, that had an EGFR mutation test performed. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed: the categorical variables are shown as frequencies and percentages, and the continuous variables as mean, standard deviation, median, maximum and minimum. Tests of variable comparison were performed (Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U)  RESULTS: A total of 101 cases were analyzed, 21.8% had mutation. Of those with mutation, 77.3% were women and 22.7% men, with a mean age of 71.51 (±12.12) years. There were 86.4% non-smokers and 13.6% smokers. Over 65% were diagnosed in the advanced stage. Frequency of mutation: exon 18 (4.55%), 19 (59%), 20 (4.55%) and 21 (36.36%). Of the women with AD, 8 were smokers and none had mutations; 30 were non-smokers, with mutation in 56.67%.  Significant differences were found in the age of diagnosis of patients with EGFR+ that were also smokers, and these were a mean of 7 years younger than non-smokers. All patients with EGFR+ were administered as first-line treatment tyrosine kinase inhibitors.  End-of-study survival in patients with EGFR mutation was 57.1%, significantly better than in patients with negative mutation (p=0.012).  CONCLUSION:  -Frequency of EGFR mutation of 21.8%, more common in non-smoker women  -The mutation was more common in exon 19 (59%) followed by exon 21 (36.36%).  -The age at diagnosis was reduced in smokers and EGFR+ patients.  -End-of-study survival for EGFR+ patients was 57.1%.
Right-hemisphere deficit syndrome in children
Authors: Kytja K. S. Voeller
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1986)

The author describes 15 children with behavioral disturbances, a characteristic neuropsychological profile, and neurological findings consistent with right-hemisphere damage or dysfunction. Almost all of the children had attention deficit disorder. Some were obtuse or unable to interpret social cues, others could not express their feelings but appeared to be sensitive and aware of the emotions of others. The older children were generally in psychotherapy or counseling but responded poorly, suggesting that a different approach to treatment may be indicated.
Flavivirus Antagonism of Type I Interferon Signaling Reveals Prolidase as a Regulator of IFNAR1 Surface Expression
Authors: Kirk J. Lubick, Shelly J. Robertson, Kristin L. McNally, Brett A. Freedman, Angela L. Rasmussen, R. Travis Taylor, Avram D. Walts, Seitaro Tsuruda, Mizuki Sakai, Mariko Ishizuka, Elena F. Boer, Erin C. Foster, Abhilash I. Chiramel, Conrad B. Addison, Richard Green, Daniel L. Kastner, Michael G. Katze, Steven M. Holland, Antonella Forlino, Alexandra F. Freeman, Manfred Boehm, Kentaro Yoshii, Sonja M. Best
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)
Lung deposition analysis of two formulations of fluticasone/salmeterol HFA pMDI in stable asthma patients
Authors: Jan De Backer, Cedric Van Holsbeke, Wim Vos, Samir Vinchurkar, Juliet Rebello, Mayuri Mangale, Wilfried De Backer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim   Lung deposition analysis of two formulations of fluticasone/salmeterol HFA pMDI (250/25 mcg) using functional respiratory imaging (FRI) based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in asthmatic patients.   Methods   In this randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, single-dose, two-period, crossover study, 16 stable adult patients with asthma received 2 puffs of either the test (Cipla Ltd, India) or the reference product (Seretide Evohaler, UK) on the first treatment day, and the alternative treatment on the second treatment day. The two dosing days were separated by a washout period of 3-7 days. The primary comparison was based on changes in airway volumes (iVaw) and surface area (iSaw) between baseline and post treatment for the test and the reference product assessed using FRI based CFD .   Results   Significant post treatment changes from baseline were observed for the test and the reference product.  The difference in treatment effects between the test and reference product was not statistically significant for the imaging tests.   Conclusions   Lung deposition analysis confirm no significant difference in the treatment effects between the two formulations of fluticasone/salmeterol HFA pMDI.
Features of diagnostics for exudative pleurisy of tuberculosis etiology
Authors: Kazim Mukhamedov, Avaz Muzrabekov, Sherali Massavirov, Stanislav Kostromtsov, Fazilat Ismailova, Elmira Khudayberdieva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  To study the features of diagnosis and therapy for exudative pleurisy of tuberculous etiology (EPTE).   Materials and methods:  There analyzed 122 cases with EPTE. Men were 76 (62, 3%), women-46 (37, 7%), aged between 17 to 69 years. 1-group included 59 (48, 4%) patients who had revealed/or suspected EPTE based on clinical and X-ray data after admitting in out-patient clinic or antituberculous dispensary. 2-group included 63 (51,6%) patients who primarily were hospitalized in general medical network (GMN) clinics and underwent erroneous treatment for different diseases (pneumonia, intercostal neuralgia, acute respiratory diseases, myocardial infarction, cholecystitis etc.) within 7-34days.   Results:  Focal TB was diagnosed in 55 (45, 1%), infiltrative –34 (27, 9%), disseminated- 11 (9, 0%), pleural TB - in 8 (6,6%), intrathoracic lymphatic nodes – in 14 (11, 5%). Bronchoscopy revealed active specific changes in 34 from 63 examined patients including rough deformed cicatrical changes in 11 patients. Mantoux test was positive in 84 (68, 9%). M.Tuberculosis (MBT) were found in sputum by Tsil-Nelson in 16 (13,1%) patients, by PCR- in 27 (22,1%). By culture method MBT in sputum was detected in 21 (17,2%) cases, in pleural fluid –in 12 (9,8%). Blood-sedimentation test rise was noted in 102 (83,6%), leukocytosis in 105 (86,1%). Revolt positive test was revealed in exudates.  Treatment was managed by standard scheme of DOTS strategy and with punctures of pleural sac. Liquidation and resorption of exudate was obtained within 8-28 days from treatment date.   Conclusion:  Exudative pleura diagnostics is a challenge. It should be paid an important place to general medical network doctors9 high concern in regard to TB.
Characterization of Acinetobacter baumannii from intensive care units and home care patients in Palermo, Italy
Authors: C. Mammina, C. Bonura, A. Aleo, C. Calà, G. Caputo, M.C. Cataldo, A. Di Benedetto, S. Distefano, T. Fasciana, M. Labisi, C. Sodano, D.M. Palma, A. Giammanco
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
Abstract 14631: Factors Predictive of Ten Year Survival in Pediatric Heart Transplantation: an Analysis of Over 2,000 Patients
Authors: Arman Kilic, Eric S Weiss, Jeremiah G Allen, George J Arnaoutakis, Timothy J George, Duke E Cameron, Luca A Vricella
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objectives: Factors predictive of long-term survival in pediatric orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT) remain to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to utilize the United Network for Organ S...
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy and Repetitive Strain Injury: Temperature and Microcirculatory Changes following Mild Cold Stress
Authors: E D Cooke, M D Steinberg, R M Pearson, C E Fleming, S L Toms, J A Elusade
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1993)

Temperature and blood flow studies were performed in the upper limbs of six patients with reflex sympathetic dystrophy (RSD), nine patients with repetitive strain injury (RSI) and 12 control subjects using thermography, laser Doppler flowmetry, infrared photoplethysmography and venous occlusion strain gauge plethysmography. The contralateral responses of the symptomatic and asymptomatic limbs were examined after being subjected, separately, to mild cold stress (20 degrees C for 1 min). Altered thermoregulation and haemodynamics were evident in RSD. Though the pattern of response to contralateral cold challenge is similar to normal in RSI, vasodilatation and reduced vasomotion appears to be characteristic in this condition. Such changes may assist in distinguishing between RSD and RSI from other causes of chronic upper limb pain.
2-Year Patient-Related Versus Stent-Related Outcomes
Authors: Lisette Okkels Jensen, Per Thayssen, Evald Høj Christiansen, Hans Henrik Tilsted, Michael Maeng, Knud Nørregaard Hansen, Anne Kaltoft, Henrik Steen Hansen, Hans Erik Bøtker, Lars Romer Krusell, Jan Ravkilde, Morten Madsen, Leif Thuesen, Jens Flensted Lassen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Response to bioterrorism
Authors: M.-K. Lim
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—Wessely et al speculate that a major reason why “armies have generally acquiesced in international treaties to contain” biological and chemical agents is these agents are “particularly ineffective as military weapons [and] have only limited uses.”1 This piece of reasoning does not do justice to the intelligence and serious intent of the drafters and signatories of the 1925 Geneva Protocol, the 1972 Convention on Biological and Toxin Weapons, and the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention, nor does it explain why spears and stones are not similarly prohibited.

Terror weapons (biological, chemical, and nuclear) are so called not because they are capable of wreaking psychological destruction far in excess of their actual destructive capacity but because their use is considered inherently abhorrent. Somehow, in the collective psyche of our civilised world, killing and maiming with conventional weapons has always been considered more acceptable and less inhumane. Why should that be so?

Unthinkable or not, the events of 11 September 2001 and the subsequent spread of deadly anthrax by civilian post in the United States have upset our mental equilibrium and jolted our complacency. We suddenly realise that international treaties do not bind terrorist bands—they apply only to sovereign states—and international opprobrium will not constrain the individual with a bent mind. Numbed by new talk of a “different” war, and stalked by ominous microbes and suspicious canisters lurking in every shadow, the entire civilised world feels nauseous not because of mass sociogenic illness but because the resort to these weapons proves that, despite all the signs pointing to the progress of the species, man's inhumanity to man has not diminished.

Why do biological, chemical, and nuclear weapons have such an unspeakable quality? Far from being ineffective and limited in use, they invoke feelings of revulsion and strike terror in our minds precisely because we recognise their true potential as weapons of mass destruction. Unlike conventional weapons, they do not leave the victor a hospitable earth to inherit. Weight for weight, and aided by technologically enhanced dispersal mechanisms, deadly pathogens and poisonous gases have the power to wreak as much havoc as nuclear bombs and annihilate the human species. Their use raises questions as to whether the human condition can be helped at all.
Internal Fixation for Stress Fractures of the Ankylosed Spine
Authors: C H Marsh
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Three cases of stress fractures affecting the rigid spine of ankylosing spondylitis are reported. Even without the typical destructive features of the Romanus lesion, symptoms may be very prolonged and disabling and the diagnosis difficult. Internal fixation produces immediate pain relief and rapid fracture union.
Evaluation of the Abbott Real-Time HIV-1 quantitative assay with dried blood spot specimens
Authors: A. Marconi, M. Balestrieri, G. Comastri, F.R. Pulvirenti, W. Gennari, S. Tagliazucchi, M. Pecorari, V. Borghi, D. Marri, M. Zazzi
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase defines a proeosinophilic pathogenic effector human TH2 cell subpopulation with enhanced function
Authors: Alyssa Mitson-Salazar, Yuzhi Yin, Daniel L Wansley, Michael Young, Hyejeong Bolan, Sarah Arceo, Nancy Ho, Christopher Koh, Joshua D Milner, Kelly D Stone, Stephen A Wank, Calman Prussin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2015)
A First In Human Dose Escalation Study Of CC-122, A First-In-Class Pleiotropic Pathway Modulator™ (PPM) Compound In Subjects With Relapsed Or Refractory Solid Tumors, Multiple Myeloma and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Drew W Rasco, Anita K Gandhi, Angela James, Shaoyi Li, Edward O'Mara, Rajesh Chopra, Jorge F. DiMartino, Kent Shih
Journal: Blood (2013)
Phase I and pharmacologic studies of the camptothecin analog irinotecan administered every 3 weeks in cancer patients.
Authors: D Abigerges, G G Chabot, J P Armand, P Hérait, A Gouyette, D Gandia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE A phase I study was undertaken to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), principal toxicities, and pharmacokinetics of the novel topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (CPT-11). PATIENTS AND METHODS Sixty-four patients meeting standard phase I eligibility criteria were included (24 women, 40 men; median age, 51 years; primary sites: colon, head and neck, lung, pleura; 60 of 64 had been previously treated). Pharmacokinetics was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). RESULTS One hundred ninety CPT-11 courses were administered as a 30-minute intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks (100 to 750 mg/m2). Grade 3 to 4 nonhematologic toxicities included diarrhea (16%; three hospitalizations), nausea and vomiting (9%), asthenia (14%), alopecia (53%), elevation of hepatic transaminases (8%), and one case of skin toxicity. An acute cholinergic syndrome was observed during CPT-11 administration. Diarrhea appeared dose-limiting at 350 mg/m2, but this was circumvented by using a high-dose loperamide protocol that allowed dose escalation. Dose-dependent, reversible, noncumulative granulocytopenia was the dose-limiting toxicity (nadir, days 6 to 9; median recovery time, 5 days). Grade 3 to 4 anemia was observed in 9% of patients. One patient died during the study, 8 days after CPT-11 treatment. Two complete responses (cervix, 450 mg/m2; head and neck, 750 mg/m2) and six partial responses in fluorouracil (5-FU)-refractory colon cancer were observed (260 to 600 mg/m2). Pharmacokinetics of CPT-11 and active metabolite SN-38 were performed in 60 patients (94 courses). CPT-11 plasma disposition was bi- or triphasic, with a mean terminal half-life of 14.2 +/- 0.9 hours (mean +/- SEM). The mean volume of distribution (Vdss) was 157 +/- 8 L/m2, and total-body clearance was 15 +/- 1 L/m2/h. The CPT-11 area under the plasma concentration versus time curves (AUC) and SN-38 AUC increased linearly with dose. SN-38 plasma decay had an apparent half-life of 13.8 +/- 1.4 hours. Both CPT-11 and SN-38 AUCs correlated with nadir leukopenia and granulocytopenia, with grade 2 diarrhea, and with nausea and vomiting. CONCLUSION The MTD of CPT-11 administered as a 30-minute IV infusion every 3 weeks is 600 mg/m2, with granulocytopenia being dose-limiting. At 350 mg/m2, diarrhea appeared dose-limiting, but high-dose loperamide reduced this toxicity and allowed dose escalation. For safety reasons, the recommended dose is presently 350 mg/m2 every 3 weeks; more experience must be gained to establish the feasibility of a higher dose in large multicentric phase II studies. However, when careful monitoring of gastrointestinal toxicities is possible, a higher dose of 500 mg/m2 could be recommended in good-risk patients. The activity of this agent in 5-FU-refractory colorectal carcinoma makes it unique and mandates expedited phase II testing.
Effect of Anoreceptive Intercourse on Anorectal Function
Authors: A J G Miles, T G Allen-Mersh, C Wastell
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1993)

This study is the first published assessment of the effect of anoreceptive intercourse (ARI) on anal sphincter tone and function. Forty anoreceptive (AR) male homosexuals were compared with 18 age matched non-anoreceptive (non-AR) heterosexual males. Subjects were questioned about ARI, defaecation and faecal incontinence. Anal resting pressure, maximum voluntary squeeze pressure, anal mucosal electrosensitivity, perineal descent and rectal sensation were measured in all subjects. Fourteen of the AR subjects but only one of the non-AR subjects had symptoms of frequent anal incontinence ( P&lt;0.05). There was a significant reduction in both maximum anal resting pressure ( P&lt;0.01) and anal mucosal electrosensitivity ( P&lt;0.05) and a significant difference in the anal resting pressure profile ( P=0.02) in the AR subjects compared with the non-AR subjects. There was a significant reduction in maximum squeeze pressure in AR subjects with anal incontinence compared with either AR subjects without anal incontinence ( P&lt;0.01) or non-AR subjects ( P&lt;0.01). There were no significant differences in stool consistency, frequency of defaecation, perineal descent or rectal sensation between the groups. ARI is associated with reduced resting pressure in the anal canal and an increased risk of anal incontinence. The risk of incontinence is greatest amongst AR subjects with reduced maximum squeeze pressure.
The Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) story: review of community oncologists' experiences with clinical research trials in cancer with an emphasis on the CCOP of the National Cancer Institute between 1982 and 1987.
Authors: R W Frelick
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

To review the growth of community physicians' involvement in National Cancer Institute (NCI) clinical research trials as a significant contribution to cancer control, and to show their impact, not yet fully realized, on cancer morbidity and mortality in the United States.Background information, based on the personal experience of participants, as well as a review of pertinent literature, portrays the evolution of the clinical research component of community oncology in the United States over the last 25 years.Data from Community Clinical Oncology Programs (CCOPs) I and II have been used to outline some of the results of this far-reaching program.The CCOP was introduced at an appropriate time to expand the clinical trial resources of the NCI, while at the same time helping community oncologists practice state-of-the-art cancer management found in the research protocols. This in turn provided improved resources to manage cancer patients, as most of them are treated in their own communities. CCOPs have also indirectly had a positive impact on the trial processes of the NCI cooperative groups and comprehensive cancer centers, and have helped to widen the scope and hasten progress in cancer-control research and practice.
A Novel SH2-Containing Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatase (SHIP2) Is Constitutively Tyrosine Phosphorylated and Associated With src Homologous and Collagen Gene (SHC) in Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia Progenitor Cells
Authors: David Wisniewski, Annabel Strife, Steve Swendeman, Hediye Erdjument-Bromage, Scott Geromanos, W. Michael Kavanaugh, Paul Tempst, Bayard Clarkson
Journal: Blood (1999)
Screening for latent TB using antigen-specific IP-10 response and the effect of prednisolon
Authors: Pernille Ravn, Erika Belard, Synne Semb, Anne Marie Werlinrud, Bolette Søborg, Merete Lund Hetland, Inge Nordgaard Larsen, Morten Ruhwald
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: IGRAs are recommended tests in the screening for latent tuberculosis infection in patients with autoimmune diseases before anti-TNF-α treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of IP-10 as an alternative biomarker to IFN-γ.

Method: Blood samples from 79 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and 63 patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases were stimulated using the QFT-IT tubes. IFN-γ and IP-10 were measured in the supernatant with ELISA.

Results: Overall the performance of IP-10 was comparable to IFN-γ (agreement 138/142, (96.5%) kappa 0.80) with high levels of IP-10. QFT-IT and IP-10 test results were positive in 3(2.3%) and 4 (3.2%) patients respectively reflecting the low TB incidence in Denmark. Prednisolone treated patients had significantly more indeterminate QFT and IP-10 test results: 28%(10/36) and 22% (8/36) compared to patients receiving other DMARDs 2%(2/106) and 0% (0/106) respectively.

This effect was dose dependent for both tests (p=0.0001 test for trend)

Similarly, the median IFN-γ and IP-10 responses to mitogen were reduced in prednisolone treated patients (2.81 (IQR 0.05->10) and 7.8ng/ml (IQR 2.2-16.7) respectively) compared to patients receiving other DMARDs (>10.0IU/ml (IQR 8.43->10.0) and 20.9 (14.5-25.8ng/ml) (p<0.0001))respectively.

Conclusion: This is the first study to investigate the influence of prednisolone treatment on IP-10 responses; IP-10 was equally affected by prednisolone and the study was too small to determine the value of a combined biomarker approach. IP-10 can be stored on filter paper bypassing centrifugation, freezer and cold chain which gives an IP-10 based test an advantage to the current IFN-γ based test.
Clinical relevance of DPYD variants c.1679T&gt;G, c.1236G&gt;A/HapB3, and c.1601G&gt;A as predictors of severe fluoropyrimidine-associated toxicity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data
Authors: Didier Meulendijks, Linda M Henricks, Gabe S Sonke, Maarten J Deenen, Tanja K Froehlich, Ursula Amstutz, Carlo R Largiadèr, Barbara A Jennings, Anthony M Marinaki, Jeremy D Sanderson, Zdenek Kleibl, Petra Kleiblova, Matthias Schwab, Ulrich M Zanger, Claire Palles, Ian Tomlinson, Eva Gross, André B P van Kuilenburg, Cornelis J A Punt, Miriam Koopman, Jos H Beijnen, Annemieke Cats, Jan H M Schellens
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2015)
RARβ2 methylation level in blood for lung cancer assessment
Authors: Anastasia Ponomaryova, Elena Rykova, Nadezda Cherdyntseva, Tatiana Skvortsova, Alexey Dobrodeev, Alexander Zav'yalov, Sergey Tuzikov, Valentin Vlassov, Pavel Laktionov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Cell-free DNA bearing the same epigenetic changes as the tumor tissues were shown to be detectable in plasma circulating DNA (cirDNA) of cancer patients indicating their usefulness as complementary diagnostic and prognostic markers for lung cancer.   Methods:  Blood samples of 30 healthy men and 55 patients with confirmed non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) before and after surgery were enrolled in this study. Methylation level of RARb2 gene in the cirDNA from blood plasma and cirDNA eluated from blood cell surface with PBS/EDTA and trypsin solutions was assessed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR.   Results:  It was found that RARb2 gene methylation level was significantly increased in plasma cirDNA and cell-surface-bound cirDNA from NSCLC patients compared with healthy subjects (7620 copies/ml and 1083 copies/ml in the cell-surface-bound fractions, 3589 copies/ml and 1068 copies/ml in the blood plasma, Mann-Whitney U test, P   Conclusions:  Epigenetic alterations of RARb2 gene in the total cirDNA were found to be associated with lung cancer progression. Correlation of RARb2 methylation level with tumor stage, outcome of disease and surgical treatment efficacy demonstrate applicability of cirDNA methylation marker analysis as a valuable tool for lung cancer prognosis and treatment monitoring improvement.