tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Vitamin D deficiency in patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus is prevalent throughout the year
Authors: G. Heine, A. Lahl, C. Müller, M. Worm
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Vitamin D mediates immunomodulatory functions and its deficiency has been associated with an increased prevalence of immunological diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Chronic discoid or subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) are ultraviolet (UV)‐triggered skin diseases. As vitamin D is mostly UV‐derived and not from nutrition, its deficiency is frequent especially during the UV‐deprived winter months. Objective To compare the vitamin D status of patients with CLE with patients with type I allergy and healthy individuals during the summer or winter months. Methods The vitamin D status of patients with CLE (n = 41) was compared with patients with type I allergy (n = 24), healthy individuals (n = 25) and a reference pool (n = 1951) by means of concentrations of circulating storage metabolite 25‐hydroxyvitamin D in the summer and winter. Results Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D concentrations were lower during the winter in the reference population, and type I allergic and healthy individuals (29·2–35·5 nmol L−1) compared with the summer months (56·3–89·8 nmol L−1) and paralleled by the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D < 50 nmol L−1; winter: 70·8–73·4%, summer: 34·9–39·4%). In contrast, vitamin D deficiency in patients with CLE was prevalent throughout the year (summer: 85·7%, winter: 97·1%). In patients with CLE with concomitant prednisolone treatment, the 25‐hydroxyvitamin D serum levels were comparable with (mean daily intake 877 IU) or without vitamin D supplementation during summer or winter (P = 0·75 and P = 0·14, respectively). Conclusions Our data identify vitamin D deficiency in patients with CLE throughout the year and indicate that monitoring and correcting the vitamin D status should be considered to prevent bone demineralization and fractures and to modulate beneficially immunological dysfunction.
Lipid Molecules May Help Improve Bone Marrow Engraftment
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hormonal changes in menopause: do they contribute to a ‘midlife hair crisis’ in women?
Authors: P. Mirmirani
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Female pattern hair loss is a common problem affecting a large number of women worldwide but beset by a paucity of research. The study of androgens has hitherto dominated the field of hair biology but there is increasing scientific and clinical data to suggest that nonandrogen signals can also affect the folliculosebaceous unit, especially in women. The discovery of oestrogen receptor beta has renewed and redefined prior concepts of oestrogen activity and signalling in hair biology. It is postulated that oestrogens modulate hair growth by their influence on a number of other hormones, growth factors, transcription factors and cytokines. The menopause is a period in which significant changes in oestrogen levels are recorded, and this review discusses studies that help to clarify the link between menopause and the perception of thinning hair. In a study of pre- and postmenopausal women without alopecia, menopausal status significantly influenced hair parameters, specifically hair growth rate, percentage anagen and hair diameter distributions, most notably in the frontal scalp. Hair density decreased with age, but was not correlated with menopausal status. Analyses of hair amount using a model of hair density and hair diameters suggest that the impact of changing hair parameters is most notable in the mid-forties for women.
Comprehensive serum cytokine analysis identifies IL-1RA and soluble IL-2Rα as predictors of event-free survival in T-cell lymphoma
Authors: M. Gupta, M. Stenson, M. O'Byrne, M.J. Maurer, T. Habermann, J.R. Cerhan, G.W. Weiner, T.E. Witzig
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Characteristics of asthma patients responding to anti-IgE therapy
Authors: Pascale Rioux, Chantal Robitaille, Pierre Ernst
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction:  Omalizumab is recommended in the treatment of patients with refractory asthma; response to this expensive therapy is not uniform. The characteristics associated with good treatment response are poorly defined.   Objectives:  Our goal was to determine what patient characteristics, other than atopy and IgE level, might predict response to therapy with omalizumab.   Methods : We carried out a retrospective review of adult patients, followed at a tertiary asthma clinic, who received treatment with omalizumab for at least 6 months. The following data were collected: IgE level, atopy, sputum eosinophils and neutrophils, blood eosinophils, associated rhinosinusitis / nasal polyps. Response to therapy was judged by one asthma specialist and an asthma nurse clinician based on maintenance therapy required, exacerbations, FEV1 and ACQ score. Groups were compared using Chi-square and t-tests.   Results:  17 patients were included; 12 were considered to have responded to omalizumab. Of 13 patients who provided induced sputum for inflammatory profile, 9 were classified as responders. All responders had elevated sputum eosinophils (> 2%) vs 25% of non-responders (p=0.014) but none had high neutrophils (>65%) vs all non-responders (p= 0.001). Elevated blood eosinophilia (> 0.5 x10^9/L) was present in 82% of responders while 80% of non-reponders had results within normal limits (p= 0.036).   Conclusions:  Sputum inflammatory profile and blood eosinophils predict response to omalizumab among atopic patients with refractory asthma.
Multiinstitutional phase II trial of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and concurrent radiation therapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
Authors: H Choy, W Akerley, H Safran, S Graziano, C Chung, T Williams, B Cole, T Kennedy
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Combined modality therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has produced promising results. A multiinstitutional phase II clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the activity and toxicity of paclitaxel, carboplatin, and concurrent radiation therapy on patients with locally advanced NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty previously untreated patients with inoperable locally advanced NSCLC entered onto a phase II study from March 1995 to December 1996. On an outpatient basis for 7 weeks, patients received paclitaxel 50 mg/m2 weekly over 1 hour; carboplatin at (area under the curve) AUC 2 weekly; and radiation therapy of 66 Gy in 33 fractions. After chemoradiation therapy, patients received an additional two cycles of paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 over 3 hours and carboplatin at AUC 6 every 3 weeks. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients were eligible for the study. The survival rates at 12 months were 56.3%, and at 24 months, 38.3%, with a median overall survival of 20.5 months. The progression-free survival rates at 12 months were 43.6%, and at 24 months, 34.7%, with a median progression-free survival of 9.0 months. Two patients did not receive more than 2 weeks of concurrent chemoradiotherapy and were not assessable for toxicity and response. The overall response rate (partial plus complete response) of 37 assessable patients was 75.7%. The major toxicity was esophagitis. Seventeen patients (46%) developed grade 3 or 4 esophagitis. However, only two patients developed late esophageal toxicity with stricture at 3 and 6 months posttreatment. CONCLUSION Combined modality therapy with paclitaxel, carboplatin, and radiation is a promising treatment for locally advanced NSCLC that has a high response rate and acceptable toxicity and survival rates. A randomized trial will be necessary to fully evaluate the usefulness of these findings.
Provider feedback improves reporting on quality measures: National profile reports for adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer
Authors: A. K. Stewart, E. G. Gay, L. Patel-Parekh, D. P. Winchester, S. B. Edge, C. Y. Ko
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

6572 Background: The National Quality Forum recently announced accountability measures including use of chemotherapy (ACT) with Stage III colon cancer. This study examines the impact of performance reporting using cancer registry data to assess the quality of care for Stage III colon cancer patients using the Commission on Cancer's (CoC) Cancer Program Practice Profile Reports. Cancer registries are the primary source for measurement but adjuvant treatment may be incomplete. Methods: In January 2005 the CoC provided reports to 1,337 hospitals using registry data on over 80,000 Stage III colon cancer patients diagnosed from 1998–2003. Each hospital received a weighted performance rate (PR) and comparison to hospitals of similar types, nationally and regionally. Hospitals could review and correct missing or inaccurate data to provide an updated profile. Results: The initial overall hospital-level PR was 66.2%, hospitals in the top quartile had PRs =80.1%. After 24 months 603 hospitals had corrected data. The mean PR was 74.9%, an increase of 8.7%. The top quartile PR was =89.7%. The PRs for hospitals in the top quartile increased on average by 4.3%, and for hospitals outside this group by 22.7%. The proportion of hospitals with PRs =90% increased from 7.9% to 23.9%. Conclusions: With over two-fifths of hospitals correcting data, the concordance rate with ACT in Stage III colon cancer has significantly increased compared to initial registry data. Reporting quality data and allowing auditing and correction on key quality indicators corrects the data gap in cancer registry out-patient treatment data. Exposure to profile reports can spur local providers to promote better communication with centralized data repositories, significantly contributing to the assessment of care provided to cancer patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 12081: Atrial Fibrillation and Diastolic Dysfunction in Transgenic Mice Expressing Phosphorylation-Defective Mutant Sarcolipin
Authors: Mayilvahanan Shanmugam, Shumin Gao, Lai-Hua Xie, Gopal J Babu
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Sarcolipin (SLN), a major regulator of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA), mediates the beta-adrenergic responses in atria. Recent studies have suggested that threonine 5 (T5) can m...
Meditation and the prevention of alcohol abuse
Authors: M Shafil, R Lavely, R Jaffe
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1975)

The authors surveyed the frequency of alcohol use in individuals identified as practitioners of Transcendental Meditation (N equals 126) and a matched control group (N equals 90). No control subjects reported discontinuation of beer and wine use; 40 percent of subjects who had meditated for more than 2 years reported discontinuation within the first 6 months. After 25-39 months of meditation, this figure increased to 60 percent. In addition, 54 percent of this group, versus 1 percent of the control group, had stopped drinking hard liquor. The authors suggest that meditation could be an effective preventive tool in the area of alcohol abuse.
Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage might be associated with vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes
Authors: I. Messaritakis, G. Samonis, D. Dimopoulou, S. Maraki, J.A. Papadakis, V. Daraki, M. Fragaki, C. Choulaki, A.M. Andrianaki, D.P. Kofteridis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Systemic oxygenation affects post-transplantation edema formation and pulmonary artery hypertension in an ex vivo animal model
Authors: Sara Klein, Stefan Dhein, Luisa Bauer, Franziska Schlegel, Sven Lehmann, Markus Barten, Friedrich-Wilhelm Mohr, Hartmuth Bittner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: By using an ex vivo model of isolated perfused and ventilated rabbit lungs we investigated the influence of systemic oxygenation on pulmonary function during simulated transplantation.

Methods: Lungs of New Zealand White rabbits were flush-perfused with Perfadex® Solution, followed by an ischemic storage for 4h on ice. Thereafter ventilation and reperfusion for 2h were continued to simulate a transplantation situation (oxygenated group, pulmonary artery pO2=120mmHg). In another series the perfusate inflow was gassed with nitrogen to simulate the typical situation with deoxygenated pulmonary artery blood and not reanastomized private vessels(deoxygenated group, pulmonary artery pO2=50mmHg). Hemodynamic and ventilatory parameters were continuously detected.

Results: After 2h reperfusion time the oxygenated group showed a significant lower PAP and lung weight compared to the deoxygenated group (p<0.05). PAP and lung weight steadily increased after reestablishment of lung perfusion (PAP 8.78±0.89 to 11.5±1.06cmH2O; lung weight 22.1±1.32 to 35.4±4.23g). This development was significantly influenced by the intravascular pO2 (PAP 9.65±0.43 to 8.02±0.63cmH2O; lung weight 17.9±1.54 to 21.5±2.29g, p<0.05).

Conclusions: Oxygenation of the lung perfusate during simulated transplantation attenuates post transplant edema formation and decreases pulmonal arterial hypertension. Transfering this to the surgical situation, revascularisation of bronchial arteries after lung transplantation might initiate positive effects in the early phase after lung transplantation.
Mitochondrial DNA in the Bark Weevils: Phylogeny and Evolution in the Pissodes strobi Species Group (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: T. M. Boyce, M. E. Zwick, C. F. Aquadro
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1994)

The genus Pissodes (Coleoptera: Curculionidae ) contains four species informally grouped into the P. strobi species group: P. strobi, P. nemorensis, P. terminalis, and P. schwarzi.These species have been the focus of extensive investigations into their behavior and ecology in relation to reproductive isolation and evolution.We examined restriction-site polymorphism and divergence of mitochondrial DNA in these species and in an outgroup, P. afinis.Both diversity and divergence are high relative to that seen in other insects studied.Nucleotide diversity is 0.1%~ 1.3% within species, and net divergence among species is 2.0% 16.0%.Phylogenetic relationships of mitochondrial DNA haplotypes directly contradict several hypotheses of species relationship from previous studies of morphology, allozyme, and cytogenetic data indicating that mitochondrial and nuclear genes have evolved in distinctly different manners.Hybridization among species and high rates of sequence change may have contributed to these contradictions.
Pregnancy in Perinatally HIV-Infected Adolescents and Young Adults—Puerto Rico, 2002
Authors: Zorrilla C, Febo I, Ortiz I, Orengo Jc, Miranda S
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral (ARV) therapy in the United States in the mid-1990s the life expectancy of U.S. children who were infected perinatally with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has increased substantially. As a result the number of perinatally HIV-infected females in the United States who are becoming both sexually active and pregnant is increasing. During August 1998– May 2002 a total of 10 pregnancies were identified among eight perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults in Puerto Rico; in April 2002 the Puerto Rico Department of Health (PRDOH) asked CDC to assist in assessing such pregnancies. This report describes these pregnancies and discusses factors associated with sexual activity and pregnancy. The findings suggest that increasing numbers of pregnancies will occur among perinatally HIV-infected adolescents and young adults and that appropriately tailored reproductive health interventions should be developed. (excerpt)
Abstract 3034: Ramipril Retards Development Of Aortic Valve Stenosis In a Rabbit Model: Role of thioredoxin interacting protein
Authors: Doan T Ngo, Irene Stafford, Ronald D Wuttke, Helen Weedon, Malcolm D Smith, Darren J Kelly, Aaron L Sverdlov, Jennifer A Kennedy, John D Horowitz
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) has steadily increased over the past 10 years with little improvement in development of therapeutic interventions. We have previously demonstrated that AS develops within 8 weeks in rabbits treated with vitamin D 2 (vit D 2 25,000IU/4 days weekly), and is associated with biochemical and physiological evidence of induction of endothelial dysfunction. We now conduct an investigation in this model of the effects of the ACE inhibitor ramipril on development of AS, extent of endothelial dysfunction and valvular thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip), an important regulator of cellular redox balance. Methods: Male New Zealand White rabbits were treated with vit D 2 alone (n=10) or vit D 2 /ramipril (ramipril about 0.5 mg/kg/day; n=12). Six untreated rabbits served as a normal comparator group. AS development was assessed by echocardiography with measurement of transvalvular velocity ratio (AVv/LVOTv), aortic valve area (AVA), and aortic valve backscatter scores (AV BS ). The extent of endothelial dysfunction, was assessed by plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) concentrations and responsiveness to acetylcholine (ACh) in phenylephrine pre-contracted aortic rings. Positive immunostaining for Txnip was quantified by computer-assisted image analysis. . Results: ( mean ±SEM) Echocardiographic data indicated increased AVv/LVOTv, decreased AVA and increased AV BS in the vit D 2 treated rabbits over 8 weeks .Vit D 2 /ramipril attenuated AVv/LVOTv (p&lt;0.05) and AVA (p&lt;0.05, 2-way ANOVA for both); with borderline decreases in AV BS (17.8 ± 2.1dB vs 11.9 ± 2.4 dB, p=0.08). ADMA concentrations were decreased (p&lt;0.01, 2-way ANOVA) in the Vit D 2 /ramipril group and vascular response to ACh and AV BS were inversely correlated (r 2 = 0.9, p&lt;0.0001). Valve Txnip was diminished for vit D 2 /ramipril (0.44±0.03 % total area,) vs vit D 2 (0.89±0.18 %), p=0.03. Conclusion: In this model of AS, ramipril significantly retarded progression of AS and ameliorated endothelial dysfunction. Furthermore, ramipril reversed vit D 2 -induced increases in valvular Txnip, implying an improvement of intracellular antioxidant status. These data add to the rationale for formal clinical evaluation of ACE inhibitor effects in AS.
Thymidylate synthase mRNA level in adenocarcinoma of the stomach: a predictor for primary tumor response and overall survival.
Authors: H J Lenz, C G Leichman, K D Danenberg, P V Danenberg, S Groshen, H Cohen, L Laine, P Crookes, H Silberman, J Baranda, Y Garcia, J Li, L Leichman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE We tested the hypothesis that polymerase chain reaction (PCR) quantitation of the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) within a primary adenocarcinoma of the stomach, has an inverse relationship to response and survival for patients who receive fluorouracil (5FU)-based chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS Before systemic chemotherapy, the genetic expression of TS (TSmRNA level) was determined using a PCR method. Gene expression was calculated by determining the ratio between the amount of radiolabeled PCR product with the linear amplification range of the TS gene and the beta-actin gene. Chemotherapy consisted of two cycles of protracted infusion (PI) 5FU 200 mg/m2/d administered for 3 weeks with leucovorin 20 mg/m2/w. Cisplatin 100 mg/m2 was administered on day 1. RESULTS Sixty-five patients with primary gastric cancer had a median TS mRNA level of 4.6 x 10(-3) (range, 0.9 to 20.1 x 10(-3)). Thirty-five percent of patients had measurable responses in their primary tumors. The mean gastric cancer TSmRNA level in responding and resistant patients is statistically significant (P &lt; .001). The median survival time was 43+ months for treated patients with TSmRNA levels less than the median and 6 months for those with TS m-RNA levels greater than the median (P = .003). CONCLUSION The genetic expression of TS (TSmRNA level) influences response to 5FU-based chemotherapy and survival for a cohort of patients with primary gastric cancer. Confirmation of these data could lead to therapeutic decisions based on specific molecular properties within a tumor.
KCa1.1 Inhibition Attenuates Fibroblast‐like Synoviocyte Invasiveness and Ameliorates Disease in Rat Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Mark R. Tanner, Xueyou Hu, Redwan Huq, Rajeev B. Tajhya, Liang Sun, Fatima S. Khan, Teresina Laragione, Frank T. Horrigan, Pércio S. Gulko, Christine Beeton
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) participate in joint inflammation and damage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its animal models. The purpose of this study was to define the importance of KCa1.1 (BK, Maxi-K, Slo1, KCNMA1) channel expression and function in FLS and to establish these channels as potential new targets for RA therapy.We compared KCa1.1 expression levels in FLS from rats with pristane-induced arthritis (PIA) and in FLS from healthy rats. We then used ex vivo functional assays combined with small interfering RNA-induced knockdown, overexpression, and functional modulation of KCa1.1 in PIA FLS. Finally, we determined the effectiveness of modulating KCa1.1 in 2 rat models of RA, moderate PIA and severe collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).We found that PIA FLS expressed the KCa1.1 channel as their major potassium channel, as has been found in FLS from patients with RA. In contrast, FLS from healthy rats expressed fewer of these channels. Inhibiting the function or expression of KCa1.1 ex vivo reduced proliferation and invasive properties of, as well as protease production by, PIA FLS, whereas opening native KCa1.1 or overexpressing the channel enhanced the invasiveness of both FLS from rats with PIA and FLS from healthy rats. Treatment with a KCa1.1 channel blocker at the onset of clinical signs stopped disease progression in the PIA and CIA models, reduced joint and bone damage, and inhibited FLS invasiveness and proliferation.Our results demonstrate a critical role of KCa1.1 channels in the regulation of FLS invasiveness and suggest that KCa1.1 channels represent potential therapeutic targets in RA.
Obstructive Jaundice Secondary to Carcinoma Arising in Brunner's Glands
Authors: K Shorrock, J S Haldane, M J Kersham, R D Leach
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1986)

Carcinoma of Brunner's glands is an exceptionally rare tumour with specific histological features that differentiate it from other duodenal tumours. A case is presented of obstructive jaundice arising as a result of this disease and its successful treatment by radical pancreatoduodenectomy.