tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential Response of Mono Mac 6, BEAS-2B, and Jurkat Cells to Indoor Dust
Authors: Herbert Riechelmann, Tom Deutschle, Ariane Grabow, Birger Heinzow, Werner Butte, Rudolf Reiter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2007)

Airway toxicity of indoor dust is not sufficiently understood.Our goal in this study was to describe the effects of indoor dust on human monocyte, epithelial, and lymphocyte cell lines. We aimed to a) obtain a comprehensive and intelligible outline of the transcriptional response; b) correlate differential transcription with cellular protein secretion; c) identify cell line-specific features; and d) search for indoor dust-specific responses.Settled dust was sampled in 42 German households, and various contaminants were characterized. We exposed Mono Mac 6, BEAS-2B, and Jurkat cells to 500 microg/mL indoor dust for 6 hr. Outcome parameters included the transcriptional profile of an oligonucleotide microarray covering 1,232 genes. Significantly enriched Gene Ontology themes were calculated. Supernatant protein levels of 24 inflammatory response proteins served to confirm transcriptional results.An intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.8 indicated reasonable microarray reproducibility. The transcriptional profile was characterized by enhancement of detoxification and a danger and defense response. Differential gene regulation correlated with protein secretion (Goodman and Kruskal's gamma coefficient: 0.72; p < 0.01). Mono Mac 6 cells revealed the highest fraction of differentially expressed genes, dominated by up-regulation of various cytokines and chemokines. BEAS-2B cells revealed weaker changes in a limited set of inflammatory response proteins. No significant changes were observed in Jurkat cells.Monocytes are particularly responsive to indoor dust. We observed a classical T-helper 1-dominated immune response, which suggested that bioorganic contaminants are relevant effectors in indoor dust.
Dysplastic macropolycytes in myelodysplasia‐related acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2011)

Macropolycytes are not necessarily dysplastic since they are occasionally seen in the blood films of healthy subjects and can appear cytologically normal—apart from being double normal size with a proportionate increase in the size of the nucleus, the degree of nuclear lobulation and, in women, the number of nuclear drumsticks. They have been shown to be tetraploid and thus represent a missed cell division. These cells are increased in number in myeloproliferative neoplasms, during infection and following growth factor administration. They occur also in megaloblastic anemia and HIV infection, when they may show additional cytological abnormalities, including a more open chromatin pattern. Macropolycytes are an uncommon feature of the myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myelodysplasia-related acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The macropolycytes shown here are from a 67-year-old man with myelodysplasia-related AML, who had initially presented 19 months earlier with MDS (specifically refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia). The left hand image shows a macropolycyte flanked by two neutrophils of normal size. All three cells are hypogranular and in addition the upper cell shows an acquired Pelger–Huët anomaly. The nucleus of the macropolycyte is abnormal in shape. The top right image shows two binucleated macropolycytes, one of which has hyperchromatic nuclei while the bottom right image shows a hypogranular binucleated macropolycyte, with both nuclei showing an acquired Pelger–Huët anomaly. Dysplastic macropolycytes can occur in reactive conditions and deficiency states but should be recognized as an uncommon feature of myeloid neoplasms, including MDS and AML.
Abstract 644: Identification of a novel hypermethylated tumor suppressor gene in human bladder cancer and its implication in non-invasive cancer detection using voided urine.
Authors: Chia-Ming Yeh, Pi-Che Chen, Yu-Hsin Chen, Lin-Chien Hung, Yi-Ting Wang, Ming-Hsuan Tsai, Martin MS Huang, Cheng-Huang Shen, Cheng-Da Hsu, Michael WY Chan
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Bladder cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the world and the incidence is particularly high in southwestern Taiwan. Although bladder cancer patients have a low mortality rate, long term follow-up with repeated cystoscopy is required due to the high recurrence nature of the tumor. Therefore, a non-invasive detection assay is urgently required for bladder cancer patients. Aberrant promoter hypermethylation which is considered as a hallmark of cancer for over a decade, plays an important role in controlling cancer progression. Nevertheless, detection of promoter hypermethylation in bodily fluid has been implicated as a non-invasive and sensitive tool for cancer diagnosis. In this regard, by using illumina 27K CpG island methylation array, we identified a novel gene that are hypermethylated in 7 bladder cancer patient samples but not in primary normal human urothelim. In vitro promoter methylation assay and epigenetic treatment confirmed that the expression of this gene is epigenetically controlled in bladder cancer cell lines. Bisulphite pyrosequencing demonstrated a significant correlation between higher methylation level of this gene and cancer grade (P&amp;lt;0.01) and recurrence free survival (P&amp;lt;0.05) in bladder cancer patient samples (n=100). To investigate the diagnostic potential of this novel epigenetic marker in non-invasive cancer detection, we performed qMSP assay in voided urine samples from bladder cancer patients (n=27) as well as normal healthy control (n=19). The sensitivity and specificity of this gene in cancer detection is 42.3% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity can increase to 93.3% when using combination of this gene and our previously identified epigenetic markers (IRF8, p14, sFRP1). Re-expression of this gene in bladder cancer cell line inhibited cancer growth in soft agar colony formation assay and invasion assay. In conclusion, this gene may be a potential tumor suppressor in bladder cancer and its potential in non-invasive diagnosis of bladder cancer using voided urine warrants further investigation. Citation Format: Chia-Ming Yeh, Pi-Che Chen, Yu-Hsin Chen, Lin-Chien Hung, Yi-Ting Wang, Ming-Hsuan Tsai, Martin MS Huang, Cheng-Huang Shen, Cheng-Da Hsu, Michael WY Chan. Identification of a novel hypermethylated tumor suppressor gene in human bladder cancer and its implication in non-invasive cancer detection using voided urine. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 644. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-644
Decreased Reactivity of Skin Microcirculation in Response to <scp>l</scp>-Arginine in Later-Onset Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Jolanta Neubauer-Geryk, Grzegorz M. Kozera, Bogumil Wolnik, Sebastian Szczyrba, Walenty M. Nyka, Leszek Bieniaszewski
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

The aim of our study was to evaluate the vasodilatory effect of l-arginine infusion on the skin microcirculation and to assess the relationship between this effect and the presence of microangiopathy in patients with type 1 diabetes.Capillaroscopy was performed before and after l-arginine infusion in 48 diabetic patients (26 women and 22 men; age, 39.8 ± 6.3 years) and 24 volunteers free of any chronic disease (13 women and 11 men; age, 38.0 ± 6.7 years). The skin microcirculation reactivity, as expressed by the percentage of area covered by capillaries (coverage) and the distance between capillaries (distance), and the relationship between microcirculation reactivity and the presence of microangiopathic complications were assessed.The distance before l-arginine infusion was significantly lower in patients than in controls (221 [153-311] vs. 240 [185-356] µm; P = 0.02) and did not differ after l-arginine infusion (223.5 [127-318] vs. 242.5 [181-341] µm; P = 0.27). The difference between the coverage values obtained before and after l-arginine infusion (Δcoverage) was significantly different from zero in the control group but not in the diabetes group. Patients with later onset of diabetes were characterized by decreased skin microcirculation reactivity when compared with patients with earlier onset of diabetes (-1.18 [-5.07 to 11.60] vs. 1.36 [-6.00 to 8.06]; P = 0.02) despite the higher prevalence of retinopathy in patients with earlier onset of diabetes (64% vs. 26%; P = 0.02).Skin microvascular reactivity is impaired in patients with later onset of type 1 diabetes. Capillaroscopy with l-arginine infusion is useful for the identification of skin microangiopathy in type 1 diabetes.
Vitamin D and its metabolites inhibit cell proliferation in human rectal mucosa and a colon cancer cell line.
Authors: M G Thomas, S Tebbutt, R C Williamson
Journal: Gut (1992)

Like calcium, vitamin D may protect against colorectal neoplasia as it reduces epithelial cell proliferation and induces differentiation. Although its therapeutic use is limited by its effects on calcium metabolism, analogues such as calcipotriol produce little hypercalcaemia. Stathmokinetic and immunohistochemical techniques were used to study the effect of 1,25 (OH)2 D3 and its analogues on cell proliferation in human rectal mucosa and a colon cancer cell line. Paired sigmoidoscopic biopsy specimens were obtained from 17 control patients and five patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. Explants were established in organ culture, with or without the addition of vitamin D. Proliferation was assessed using (1) metaphase arrest to determine the crypt cell production rate (CCPR) and (2) Ki-67 monoclonal antibody directed against an antigen present in proliferating cells. 1,25 (OH)2 D3 in concentrations of 1 microM-100 pM (10(-6)-10(-10) M) reduced the CCPR (cells/crypt/hour) from 4.74 to 2.15-2.67 (p &lt; 0.001), and the Ki-67 labelling index from 7.28-3.74 (p &lt; 0.01). Likewise, vitamin D2, 10 nM (10(-8) M) reduced the CCPR from 4.74-2.74 (p &lt; 0.05) and calcipotriol from 4.86-2.38 (p &lt; 0.05). In familial adenomatous polyposis patients 1,25 (OH)2 D3 100 pM (10(-10) M) halved the CCPR from 8.75-4.22. Calcipotriol (10(-5) M to 10(-9) M) produced a clearcut dose response inhibition of HT-29 cell growth. Thus, vitamin D and its metabolites inhibit proliferation in normal and premalignant rectal epithelium and suppress growth in a colorectal cancer cell line.
How does HeO2 increase maximum expiratory flow in human lungs?
Authors: S N Mink, L D Wood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

We used the retrograde catheter technique to investigate the effect of HeO2 on resistance to maximum expiratory flow (Vmax) in airways subsegments between alveoli and the equal pressure point (EPP), and between EPP and the flow-limiting segment (FLS). FLS were found at the same airway site in sublobar bronchi (i.d., 0.54 +/- 0.13 cm) on both air and HeO2 in the six human excised lungs studied. Static elastic recoil pressure (5 +/- 1 cm H2O) and the lateral pressure at FLS (critical transmural airway pressure -6 +/- 3 cm H2O) were not different on the two gases. delta Vmax averaged 37 +/- 8.9% and was similar to the value found in healthy subjects of similar age (66 +/- 10 yr). EPP were located on HeO2 in peripheral airways (i.d., 0.33 +/- 0.03 cm), and EPP on air were located more downstream. Resistance between EPP and FLS was highly density dependent. Resistance between alveoli and EPP behaved as if it were density independent, due in part to Poiseuille flow in the peripheral airways and in part to the consequent narrowing of peripheral airways on HeO2. This density-independent behavior in peripheral airways reduced delta Vmax on HeO2 from its predicted maximal amount of 62%. Assuming that FLS is the "choke point" these findings are consistent with wave-speed theory of flow limitation modified to include functionally density-independent pressure losses in peripheral airways. These results and conclusions are similar to those found in living dogs. They question previous interpretation of delta Vmax as an index of peripheral airway obstruction, and demonstrate the utility of the wave-speed theory in explaining complicated mechanisms of expiratory flow limitation.
HEMIPLEGIA DUE TO SMALLPOX
Authors: Raymond M. Rice
Journal: JAMA (1933)

This case is reported because of the evident rarity of its occurrence. In searching for similar cases in the literature we found much discussion of encephalomyelitis following smallpox vaccination.<sup>1</sup>In a thesis dated 1872,<sup>2</sup>six cases are reported of paralysis occurring during smallpox or convalescence; Goss<sup>3</sup>reported a similar case, but none of these were hemiplegias. Mention is made in one modern textbook that hemiplegia due to smallpox has occurred. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3><h3>History.</h3> —A white boy, aged 5 years, was one of five healthy children. The mother had had two miscarriages previous to his birth. He had contracted whooping cough and chickenpox during his third year. May 27, 1932, he became nauseated, vomited and had a high temperature. The following three days he seemed well, and on May 31 the eruption of smallpox appeared. Two days later his mother noticed that he was unable to walk
Interstate Reciprocity in Medical Licensure.
Authors: W. A. Spurgeon
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Muncie, Ind., Sept. 13, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Interstate reciprocity in medical licensure is of such importance to the medical profession that it should be well understood. Recognizing the excellent professional worth and influence of my good friend. Dr. E. B. Harvey, secretary of the Massachusetts Board of Registration in Medicine, and believing that he is in error in certain particulars in his discussion of reciprocity inThe Journal, Aug. 25, 1906, I desire to discuss the same subject briefly. The doctor admits that in the enactment of medical laws in the several states, the idea of protecting the people was made so prominent that the least benefit or convenience of the physician was not considered. For this reason and because under the constitution of the Union we can have no such thing as a national medical practice act, license under which would extend to the entire nation, thousands of
HIV/AIDS—Still a Force to Be Reckoned With
Authors: Gianna Zuccotti, Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Stem cell transplants are not helpful in breast cancer, studies say
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Two large studies published in the New England Journal of Medicine say that women who are at high risk of recurrence of breast cancer rarely benefit from high dose chemotherapy followed by transplantations of their own stem cells. An accompanying editorial reviewed the differences between the studies, one of which, from the Netherlands Cancer Institute, found a slight benefit for some women.

The experimental regimen of high …
Manual of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Authors: Peter J. Kudenchuk
Journal: JAMA (1987)

<i>Manual of Cardiac Arrhythmias</i>is one of a series of clinically oriented manuals on cardiovascular disease, electrocardiography, and arrhythmias authored by E. K. Chung. The text, like its predecessors, is understandably written for and primarily directed to the primary care physician. It is not intended to be, nor should it be regarded as, an exhaustive treatise of arrhythmias. "The contents," according to the author, "are intended to be clinical, concise, and practical, so that this manual will provide all readers with up-to-date materials that will assist them directly in the daily care of patients with common cardiac arrhythmias." Dr Chung neatly organizes a concise discussion of a broad variety of cardiac arrhythmias, ranging from typical supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias to more unusual rhythm disturbances such as aberrant atrial conduction, atrial dissociation, and rhythms observed following cardiac transplantation. Rhythms are individually defined, well exemplified by a variety of figures and illustrations,
Embalming Before Autopsy
Authors: Stephen M. Hanson
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> I should like to file a dissent to the opinions given by Dr. John G. Gruhn regarding embalming prior to autopsy (Questions and Answers,<i>JAMA</i><b>189</b>:173 [July 13] 1964). With regard to trocaring, I will be more vigorous than Dr. Gruhn and state that no one in his right mind who has ever done an autopsy on a trocared body would permit another one to be so treated. This is not what the undertaker wants, however. He is quite content to do the vascular perfusion only and pack the body cavities with embalming compound after the autopsy has been done. Perfusing the body converts the autopsy from a semiemergency procedure to one that may be fitted into the day's schedule. This is of practical advantage in smaller communities where batteries of residents are not available to perform the autopsies, and it may be nearly imperative in
Hearing impairment and mental state in the elderly living at home.
Authors: K G Herbst, C Humphrey
Journal: BMJ (1980)

Altogether 153 (60%) out of a sample of 253 people aged 70 years and over living in their own homes were found to have impaired hearing when tested by pure-tone audiometry. This is almost twice the prevalence found in all other studies, in which deafness was assessed clinically or by self-reporting. The prevalence of deafness increased with age. Evidence of organic brain syndrome (dementia), as determined by questionnaire, was present in 39 (16%) out of 245 respondents, and of depression in 82 (35%). Dementia and depression were both age related. An apparent association between deafness and dementia was shown to be due to age alone. A significant relation between deafness and depression was independent of age and socioeconomic state. The use of audiometric techniques of assessment established that an association exists between deafness and depression that is not simply a function of differential reporting reflecting the emotional state of the respondent.
Reversibile Quadriplegia and Nonketotic Hyperosmolar Coma
Authors: Attilio Allione, Roberto Quadri, Dario Lo Cigno, Cristina Runzo, Maria M. Zanone, Paolo Cavallo Perin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

The results of the 5th and final year, Fiscal Year 2003, are included in Table 1.We obviously did not come close to realizing this ambitious goal.In my 1998 Presidential Address, I compared the ADA to a large ship in which a new course first required a change of direction (which would occur slowly) before proceeding toward and hopefully reaching a new port.It's obvious that we have not reached that port, and realistically speaking, we probably never will.However, I would be remiss if I didn't point out the following.In each of the previous years, the increase in funding for Research Awards and Grants was much less than
Physicians Looking at Themselves
Authors: James S. Todd
Journal: JAMA (1989)

For more than a decade, professional liability, often inappropriately labeled "malpractice," has bedeviled all physicians regardless of their specialty or indeed their recognized competence. Critics repeatedly charge the profession with failing to deal with the problem, while at the same time state that joint underwriting associations and "surplus lines" companies make it possible for physicians to obtain insurance, not infrequently ignoring evidence of substandard performance or extensive claims history. More recently, an attack has begun on the insurance industry as the root cause of professional liability expense. With 42 physician-owned and -controlled professional liability companies, it is blatantly unlikely that these companies would not adhere to lean insurance principles often having to follow the mandates of the very insurance commissioners now critical of their performance. Elsewhere in this issue, Schwartz and Mendelson<sup>1,2</sup>present important previously uncollated demographic data suggesting that physician-owned insurance companies, once, but no longer, derogatorially known
INSULOGENIC STIMULATION OF SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: GEORGE A. WILLIAMS
Journal: JAMA (1935)

In spite of the exhaustive study of the pancreas and its hormones during recent years, data on the interrelationship of this organ with other endocrines are discouragingly conflicting. This is especially true with regard to the part played by the islands of Langerhans in the growth and development of the individual. Bramwell<sup>1</sup>in 1904 and Moorhead<sup>2</sup>in 1920 described infantilism due to pancreatic insufficiency. It is highly probable, however, that their cases were due to general malnutrition and were not directly the result of malfunction of the pancreas. Chabanier, Lebert and Lumière<sup>3</sup>conclude that insulin specifically stimulates growth processes and that accelerated development following its use is not dependent on improved general health. Lereboullet and Nobecourt<sup>3</sup>do not share this view, however. Homans<sup>4</sup>found that pancreatic pathologic changes in diabetes are limited to the beta cells of the islands and thought the alpha cells must
A trick for performing PEG-J more quickly
Authors: G. Oksuzoglu, T. Kav, Y. Ates, S. Bagci
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

As the aged population continues to increase, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy-jejunostomy (PEG-J) is being increasingly performed throughout the world. Many endoscopists are not fully satisfied with the technique of insertion, so there have been attempts reported in the English literature to modify the classical method [1] [2] [3] [4].