tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16740: Intracoronary versus Intravenous Administration of GP IIb/IIIa Inhibitors During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Sayuri Friedland, Mark J Eisenberg, Avi Shimony
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: It is unclear whether intracoronary (IC) bolus administration of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPIs) is superior to intravenous (IV) administration during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effects of IC and IV administration. Methods and Results: We systematically searched the Cochrane library, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases for RCTs comparing IC and IV administration of GPIs (abciximab, eptifibatide, tirofiban) during PCI. Data were pooled using random-effects models and stratified into short (1-3 months) and mid/long-term (≥6 months) follow-up durations. Ten RCTs involving 1,590 patients met our inclusion criteria. Seven of the 10 RCTs included only patients with STEMI; in the other 3 studies, the percentage of patients presenting with STEMI ranged from 26% to 63%. Within each study, the dose and duration of GPI administration was identical in the IC and IV groups. Compared to the IV group, the IC group was more likely to have complete perfusion (TIMI 3 flow) post-PCI (relative risk [RR] 1.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.02, 1.15). IC administration was associated with similar bleeding rates as IV (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.67, 1.24), but with a significant reduction in short-term target vessel revascularization (TVR) (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.30, 0.99). IC administration was also associated with a significant reduction in short-term mortality (RR 0.49, 95% CI 0.24, 0.99), but this reduction was no longer significant in mid/long term RCTs. Conclusions: Compared to IV, IC bolus administration of GPIs has favorable effects on post-PCI TIMI flow, TVR, and short-term mortality, with similar rates of bleeding. Data regarding mid/long term outcomes were limited and inconclusive. Large RCTs with longer follow-up are required to determine long-term safety and efficacy.
Association between Antiplatelet or Anticoagulant Drugs and Retinal or Subretinal Hemorrhage in the Comparison of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treatments Trials
Authors: Gui-shuang Ying, Maureen G. Maguire, Ebenezer Daniel, Juan E. Grunwald, Osama Ahmed, Daniel F. Martin
Journal: Ophthalmology (2015)
Parallel 19: Cholestatic Liver Diseases
Authors: M. N. Quraishi, Martin J. Sergeant, Gemma L. Kay, Tariq Iqbal, Chrystala Constantinidou, Jacqueline Chan, Palak J. Trivedi, James W. Ferguson, David H. Adams, Mark J. Pallen, Gideon Hirschfield
Journal: Hepatology (2014)
Non-neuroinvasive West Nile virus infections during the outbreak in Greece
Authors: A. Anastasiadou, A. Economopoulou, I. Kakoulidis, R. Zilidou, D. Butel, D. Zorpidou, G. Ferentinos, P. Markou, E. Kougas, A. Papa
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
Individual Participant Data (IPD) Meta-analyses of Randomised Controlled Trials: Guidance on Their Use
Authors: Jayne F. Tierney, Claire Vale, Richard Riley, Catrin Tudur Smith, Lesley Stewart, Mike Clarke, Maroeska Rovers
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2015)

Points• Systematic reviews are most commonly based on aggregate data extracted from publications or obtained from trial investigators.• Systematic reviews involving the central collection and analysis of individual participant data (IPD) usually are larger-scale, international, collaborative projects that can bring about substantial improvements to the quantity and quality of data, give greater scope in the analyses, and provide more detailed and robust results.• The process of collecting, checking, and analysing IPD is more complex than for aggregate data, and not all IPD meta-analyses are done to the same standard, making it difficult for researchers, clinicians, patients, policy makers, funders, and publishers to judge their quality.• Following our step-by-step guide will help reviewers and users of IPD meta-analyses to understand them better and recognise those that are well designed and conducted and so help ensure that policy, practice, and research are informed by robust evidence about the effects of interventions.
Frozen Storage of 34 Various Solid and Ascites Tumors
Authors: Kanematsu Sugiura
Journal: Cancer Research (1961)

Summary  A variety of transplantable mouse, rat, hamster, and chicken tumors have been successfully stored at −76° C. (dry-ice chest) for a period of 1 year. These tumors are seven sarcomas, a mammary carcinoma, a skin carcinoma, a bladder carcinoma, a lung carcinoma, two lymphosarcomas, a glioma, a leukemia, a virus leukemia, a pancreatic tumor, and a small intestine tumor. Transplantability of a majority of mammary-type tumors was greatly damaged by frozen storage at −76° C. Transplantability of very slowly growing tumors—namely, Harding-Passey melanoma, Andervont hepatoma, Iglesias functional ovarian tumor, and Iglesias functional adrenal tumor—was either completely or almost completely abolished by frozen storage at −76° C. for 3 months.  The viability of Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma was completely destroyed by frozen storage for 1 month at −76° C. Transplantability of Wagner osteogenic sarcoma was markedly reduced following storage at −76° C. The viability of Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma was almost completely destroyed by frozen storage for 1 day at −76° C. or −25° C. Maintenance of this tumor for 1 day at 4°–5° C. did not alter its transplantability. Hauschka9s slow freezing technic (from 0° C. to −25° C.) of neoplastic tissues appears to be less harmful to the viability of frozen tumor (Ridgway osteogenic sarcoma) than the technic of freezing described in the present report.
Association of sitting/standing height ratio and FEV1 in multi-ethnic school children: The Size and Lung Function in Children (SLIC) study
Authors: Sooky Lum, Jane Kirkby, Rachel Bonner, Samatha Sonnappa, Angie Wade, Emma Raywood, Simon Lee, Daniel Bailey, Janet Stocks
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Appropriate paediatric lung function reference equations for ethnic minorities are lacking. We investigated the extent to which differences in body proportions as indicated by the sitting/standing height ratio(Sit/Stand Ht) explain ethnic differences in FEV 1 .  Methods: As part of the SLIC study (commenced 2011), standard anthropometry including sitting height and spirometry were assessed in multi-ethnic London school children. FEV 1  was expressed in Z scores to adjust for sex, age and height (Stanojevic2009). Statistical analysis was by univariable and multivariable regression.  Results: 379 healthy children (age: 5-10y, 43% boys; 31% White, 44% Black; 13% Asian, 12% mixed/other) performed successful spirometry. Compared with Whites, FEV 1  was significantly lower in Black, Asian & “Other” children. On univariable analysis ethnicity accounted for 28% and Sit/Stand Ht for 25% zFEV 1  variation. In a multivariable model the combined contribution was 35% with ethnicity contribution falling to 10%(Table).  Conclusion: This study shows that Sit/Stand Ht accounts for some of the differences amongst ethnicities in FEV 1  and provides further evidence that sitting height should be an essential part of standard anthropometry. Further work to explore the extent to which differences in body shape, size and composition contribute to ethnic differences in lung function is in progress.
Toxicity of cetuximab and radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer: a community-based experience
Authors: C. Gillham, L. Walsh, M. Dunne, A. McElroy, L. Mullaney, J. Armstrong, P. Thirion
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

6020 Background: The combination of radiotherapy (RT) and cetuximab (CTX) represents a new treatment option for patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (LASCCHNC) (Bonner et al. NEJM 2006). However recent case reports have raised concern about unexpectedly high toxicity rates with such an approach. We report herein a single institution experience using RT and CTX for LASCCHNC. Methods: Acute toxicity was prospectively recorded (CTC v3.0) in 48 patients treated with RT and CTX, in line with the Bonner regimen, between March 2006 and June 2007. Thirty-four received a daily fractionated schedule (RT/CTX, 66–70Gy/33–35#/7 weeks) and 14 received a concomitant boost (CB-RT/CTX, 70Gy/40#/6 weeks). A matched group who received cisplatin with daily-fractionated radiotherapy was also analyzed (RT/CDDP). Results: The main clinical characteristics were comparable between the 3 patient groups and the Bonner trial (table). RT/CTX resulted in more grade ≥3 radiation-induced toxicities than RT/CDDP (skin p=0.007; p=0.008) and when compared to the Bonner study (skin p<0.0001; oral p=0.026). The addition of a concomitant boost further increased the toxicity rates. No grade 4 or 5 toxicity was reported. The rate of CTX-specific skin rash was comparable to the Bonner trial. RT/CDDP led to reduced overall treatment compliance (59% vs 79%, p=0.003) and more septic episodes (12% vs 4%, p=0.04). Conclusions: This community-based experience using CTX and RT for LASCCHNC revealed higher acute radiation-induced skin and oral toxicity rates than reported in the Bonner trial. However these toxicities were manageable and did not lead to a reduction in treatment compliance. Patient and Treatment Characteristics SLH RT/CDDP (n=34) SLH RT/CTX (n=34) SLHCB-RT/CTX (n=14) Bonner Trial1 (n=211) Age (yrs): Median (range) 58 (29–79) 63 (44–82) 61 (39–76) 56 (34–81) WHO PS: 0–1/2 (%) 97/3 94/4 93/7 90/10 Site : Oroph./Hypoph-Larynx (%) 47/53 59/41 50/50 56/44 AJCC Stage III/IV (%) 44/56 35/65 43/57 26/74 RT Dose 66–70Gy 66–70Gy 70Gy 70–72Gy ≥G3 skin toxicity (%) 18 58 86 23 ≥G3 oral toxicity (%) 44 78 77 56 ≥G3 acneiform rash (%) 0 11 4 17 Compliance With Treatment (%)(<5 days delay & >4 infusions) 59 79 86 NA PS: performance status, oroph.: oropharynx, hypoph.: hypopharynx No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Occurrence, health impact and motivation to quit smoking among young people and effectiveness of tobacco control programs
Authors: Natalia Astafieva, O. Naumova, D. Kobzev, I. Gamova, I. Perfilova, E. Udovichenko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction. Global Adult Tobacco Survey identified high levels of smoking in Russia and was followed by the young people smoking study in Saratov region in 2011 to improve Tobacco Control effectiveness.  Aim.The assessment of smoking, its health impacts and motivation to quit was conducted among college (FE) and university (HE) students.  Methods. Anonymous standardized Respiratory Health Assessment and COPD Differential Diagnosis Questionnaires were used in 3 groups: FE, 15-18 years (216 respondents) and HE, 19-24 years, studying medicine (120) and management (108); 54%-male, 46%-female. CO testing of breath (1ppm resolution) was used (10% respondents did not reveal their smoking). Respiratory disease risk assessment was based on respiratory symptom scores; spirometry was performed in line with ERS/ATS standard.  Results. The prevalence of smoking among students: FE-31%, medics-5.1%, managers-35.2%. With the same starting age (12.6-male and 13.9-female) in all groups, the respiratory problems (all symptoms: cough, sputum, dyspnoea, etc) occurred in: FE- 18%, medics-27%, managers-39%, and FEV1 decreased 10.2%, 26%, and 45% correspondingly. Unlike HE students, FEs do not realise health risks and will not seek a support to quit. There was a difference in major motivations to quit: female-fertility impact, appearance; male-erectile & sperm impact, sport; medics-pulmonary health, impact on intellect; managers-cost of cigarettes and waste of working time.  Conclusion. Tobacco Control among young people can be more effectively promoted trough personalised messages to a particular target group, e.g. addressing specific motivations via Social Media.
The effect of smoking on the levels of cysteinyl leukotriene in exhaled breath condensate in asthmatics
Authors: Deniz Celik, Sibel Doruk, Handan Inonu Koseoglu, Semsettin Sahin, Ibrahim Serhat Celikel, Unal Erkorkmaz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim: Cysteinyl leukotrienes are the most important mediators in pathogenesis of asthma. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of smoking on the levels of LTD4 and LTE4 in exhaled breath condansate (EBC).

Methods: Thirty smoker (Group I) and 29 nonsmoker (Group II) asthmatics and 29 healthy control (Group III) were included in the study. EBC (EcoScreen, Jager) was collected from all of the participants and pulmonary function tests (PFT) were performed too. All of the asthma cases were stabil according to asthma control questionnaire. Levels of LTD4 and LTE4 were measured in EBC with ELISA.

Results: The levels of LTD4 and LTE4 were shown in Table 1. When we compared the groups according to PFTs we determined statistically significant difference between Group I and III in FEV1/FVC, MMEF and MMEF%. There was a significant negative correlation between LTE4 levels and FEV1/FVC in Group I.

View this table:

Leukotriene levels of the study groups





Conclusion: LTD4 levels were significantly higher in smoking asthma group than the other groups. This result suggest that LTD4 receptor specific blocker agents might be useful in smoking asthma patients and clinical studies are required in this issue.
Duration of Periods of Euthymia in Patients With Dysthymic Disorder
Authors: David L. Dunner
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

The purpose of this study was to assess the duration of periods of euthymia in patients with dysthymia.All patients with dysthymia who came to the Center for Anxiety and Depression over a 10-month period (N = 22) were interviewed by the author regarding the duration of their euthymic episodes.The 22 patients with dysthymia reported euthymic periods from 2 to 30 days (mean = 8.0 days, SD = 6.6).The euthymic period of up to 2 months that is specified in DSM-IV for dysthymic disorder might confound the results of clinical trials. Data from additional groups of dysthymic patients would be useful when considering this issue for DSM-V.
Prospective Randomized Multicenter Study Comparing Cyclosporin Alone Versus the Combination of Antithymocyte Globulin and Cyclosporin for Treatment of Patients With Nonsevere Aplastic Anemia: A Report From the European Blood and Marrow Transplant (EBMT) Severe Aplastic Anaemia Working Party
Authors: J. Marsh, H. Schrezenmeier, P. Marin, O. Ilhan, P. Ljungman, S. McCann, G. Socie, A. Tichelli, J. Passweg, J. Hows, A. Raghavachar, A. Locasciulli, A. Bacigalupo
Journal: Blood (1999)
Hck/Fgr Kinase Deficiency Reduces Plaque Growth and Stability by Blunting Monocyte Recruitment and Intraplaque Motility
Authors: Indira Medina, Céline Cougoule, Maik Drechsler, Beatriz Bermudez, Rory R. Koenen, Judith Sluimer, Ine Wolfs, Yvonne Döring, Veronica Herias, Marjon Gijbels, Ilze Bot, Saskia C. A. de Jager, Christian Weber, Jack Cleutjens, Theo J.C. van Berkel, Kees-Jan Sikkink, Atilla Mócsai, Isabelle Maridonneau-Parini, Oliver Soehnlein, Erik A.L. Biessen
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Leukocyte migration is critical for the infiltration of monocytes and accumulation of monocyte-derived macrophages in inflammation. Considering that Hck and Fgr are instrumental in this process, their impact on atherosclerosis and on lesion inflammation and stability was evaluated.
Effect of Brucella abortus Infection (Vaccine Strain 19BA) on Rauscher Leukemia Virus and LI210 Leukemia in Mice
Authors: Tatiana K. Veskova, Kornely L. Chimishkyan, George J. Svet-Moldavsky
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

The injection of living Brucella abortus (vaccine strain 19BA) after infection with Rauscher leukemia virus (RLV) extended considerably the lifetime of mice compared with that of animals infected only with RLV. B. abortus vaccine inhibited slightly the development of transplanted L1210 leukemia.
Secondary prophylaxis of Rhodococcus equi pneumonia in HIV infection: breakthrough despite rifampicin/erythromycin suppressive therapy
Authors: Georg Plum, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Pia Hartmann, Heidi Schütt-Gerowitt, Matthias Schrappe, Volker Diehl
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1997)
Level of vitamin D is decreased in asthmatic patients
Authors: Edita Gasiuniene, Zivile Balciunaite, Simona Lavinskiene, Raimundas Sakalauskas, Brigita Sitkauskiene
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background. 1.25-Dihydroxy vitamin D (1.25[OH]D) has long been recognized as a critical mediator in bone health. Several studies of resent years have shown the relationship between chronic inflammatory lung diseases and Vitamin D serum levels. Aim. The aim of this study was to elucidate Vitamin D levels in allergic asthma (AA) and non allergic asthma (NA) patients, and to compare these results with healthy subjects (HS).  Methods and material. Eighteen patients with AA, 14 with NA, as well as 10 HS were involved to the study. 1.25[OH]D levels in serum samples were analysed by ELISA. Eosinophil count was evaluated in induced sputum and peripheral blood samples.  Results. We found that vitamin D levels in asthmatics were lower compared with HS: in asthmatic group 66.93±21.5 pmol/L vs HS 134.5±20.1 pmol/L, p
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation in healthy subjects increases neutrophils, lymphocytes and fibronectin levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
Authors: T Sandstrom, L Bjermer, R Rylander
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1992)

Bacterial endotoxin has been suggested as responsible for the development of subjective symptoms and transient or chronic lung function impairment seen after exposure to organic dusts in cotton mills, poultry houses, swine confinement buildings and saw mills. Animal experiments have demonstrated bronchoalveolar neutrophilia being the most prominent cell response in animals following bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation. The present study was conducted to obtain information on some aspects of the early inflammatory response to inhaled LPS in man. Eight healthy nonsmoking subjects, 23-27 yrs old, underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), 3 h after a provocation test with 100 micrograms LPS from E. coli dissolved in 2 ml isotonic NaCl. The solution was aerosolized with a jet nebulizer and inhaled. The calculated dose delivered to the lung was approximately 25 micrograms, which equals exposure in some occupational settings. The BAL data for each individual subject were compared with data from a control BAL performed at least 6 weeks prior to the LPS challenge. The major cellular response to LPS, reflected in BAL fluid, was an approximately hundredfold increase in neutrophils. The total number of lymphocytes was on average tripled. The alveolar macrophage phagocytosis of opsonized yeast particles in vitro was significantly reduced. A further indicator of an ongoing inflammation was an increase in fibronectin. No changes were seen in the levels of BAL albumin, indicating that the elevated level of fibronectin could not be explained by an increased permeability, but rather by a local production. The results correspond with data from animal studies and further supports the hypothesis that bacterial LPS is important in the pulmonary reaction induced by organic dusts.
Pulmonary Langerhans-cell histiocytosis – Analysis of 57 cases
Authors: Elzbieta Radzikowska, Elzbieta Wiatr, Agnieszka Jarzemska, Iwona Bestry, Renata Langfort, Piotr Rudzinski, Kazimierz Roszkowski-Sliz
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Pulmonary Langerhans'-cell histiocytosis (PLCH) is a rare disease in adults. The clinical spectrum of the disease vary widely and course of it is unpredictable. Regression or stabilisation of the disease after smoking cessation is shown but in other cases progression in spite of treatment is observed. We have reviewed the records of 57 adults (28 women and 29 men in age 15 to 69 year) with histologicaly confirmed PLCH, diagnosed and treated in our Department in a period of 13 years to ascertain their vital status and outcome.

The median follow-up period was 72 months (range 6 to 216 months).All patients were smokers. One woman had disseminated disease, 3 multifocal bone disease, 5 patients had mandible involvement, and in 3 patients skin lesions were revealed. Diabetes insipidus was diagnosed in 8 patients. Clinical and radiological features, pulmonary function tests, will be discussed.

During the time of observation 36 patients were not treated (only stopped smoking) and regression or stabilization of pulmonary lesions were observed. Chemotherapy was administered to 11 patients and steroids to 10 patients, local steroid treatment was applied to 3 patients, radiotherapy in one and in one woman surgical excisions of bone lesions were performed.

One man underwent unilateral lung transplantation at the time of follow-up. Two deaths attributable to respiratory failure were noticed. No case of cancer was observed.
Toll-Like Receptor Activation Promotes Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth and Survival By Suppression Of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Factor CHOP
Authors: Tina Bagratuni, Efstathios Kastritis, Christine Liacos, Evangelos Eleutherakis-Papaiakovou, Nikolaos Kanellias, Evangelos Terpos, Meletios A. Dimopoulos
Journal: Blood (2013)
Chronic cough in adults
Authors: F J Fernández-Fernández, M A Iglesias-Olleros
Journal: Thorax (2004)

Morice and Kastelik1 have produced an excellent review of the management of chronic cough in adults. As stated by the authors, cough may arise from anywhere in the distribution of the vagus. One of the less common causes of chronic cough is disease of the ear2,3 due to stimulation of Arnold’s nerve.4 This nerve is …
Three vs. 10 days of amoxycillin–clavulanic acid for type 1 acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomised, double-blind study
Authors: B.M. Roede, P. Bresser, R. El Moussaoui, F.H. Krouwels, B.T.J. van den Berg, P.M. Hooghiemstra, C.A.J.M. de Borgie, P. Speelman, P.M.M. Bossuyt, J.M. Prins
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2006)