tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16146: The Presence of a Coronary Obstruction Influences the Natural History of an Adjacent Downstream Obstruction
Authors: Saeko Takahashi, Michail I Papafaklis, Atsushi Hirohata, Masayuki Shibata, Tomokazu Ikemoto, Masaya Tsuda, Antonios P Antoniadis, Ahmet U Coskun, Toshiyuki Matsumura, Shigeru Nakamura, Charles L Feldman, Peter H Stone, Shigeru Saito
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Atherosclerotic lesions progress in an independent manner. However, the effect of an atherosclerotic obstruction (Ob) on the natural history of an adjacent downstream Ob is unknown. We ...
Abstract 8558: Mechanical Stretch Induces the Apoptosis Regulator Puma in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Kou-Gi Shyu, Wen-Pin Cheng, Bao-Wei Wang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Aims The expression of PUMA (p53-upregulated modulator of apoptosis), an apoptosis regulated gene, increases during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. How mechanical cyclic stretch affects the regulation of PUMA in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during apoptosis is not fully understood. We aimed to test the hypothesis that cyclical stretch enhances PUMA expression in VSMCs undergoing apoptosis. Methods and results Human VSMCs grown on a flexible membrane base were stretched by vacuum to 20% of maximum elongation, at 60 cycles/min. An in vivo model of aorta-caval shunt in adult rats was used to investigate PUMA expression. Cyclic stretch significantly enhanced PUMA protein and mRNA expression after 18 h of stretch. Addition of c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitor SP600125 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) antibody 30 min before stretch inhibited the induction of PUMA protein. Gel shift assay showed that DNA-binding activity of Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 (IRF-1) increased after stretch. SP600125, JNK siRNA and IFN-γ antibody abolished the binding activity induced by stretch. Stretch increased while PUMA-Mut plasmid, SP600125, and IRF-1 antibody abolished the promoter activity. Cyclic stretch significantly increased the interferon-γsecretion from VSMCs at 1 h and remained elevated for 6 h. Both conditioned media from stretched VSMCs and exogenous administration of IFN-γrecombinant protein to the non-stretched VSMCs increased PUMA protein expression similar to that seen after stretch. Cells in the sub-G1 fraction stained with propidium iodide and caspase 3 activity was elevated after stretch for 18 h and addition of interferon-γ. Addition of PUMA and JNK siRNA abolished the induction of sub-G1 and caspase 3 activity induced by stretch. The increases of TUNEL-positive nuclei in VSMCs induced by stretch were significantly reversed by PUMA and JNK siRNA. An in vivo model of aorta-caval shunt in adult rats also demonstrated the increased PUMA protein expression in the aorta. Conclusion Cyclic stretch enhanced PUMA expression in cultured human VSMCs. The stretch-induced PUMA is mediated by IFN-γ,JNK and IRF-1 pathway. These findings suggest that PUMA plays a role in stretch-induced VSMC apoptosis.
Abstract 11087: Benefits of Dabigatran versus Warfarin in Hypertensive Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Results From The Re-ly Trial
Authors: Rangadham Nagarakanti, Stuart Connolly, Martina Brueckmann, Robert G Hart, Paul Reilly, Herbert Noack, Andreas Clemens, Lars Wallentin, Salim Yusuf, Michael D Ezekowitz
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: HT is frequent among patients with AF. The RE-LY trial permits a contemporary evaluation of comorbidities, outcomes, and the effectiveness of dabigatran in this important sub-group of p...
Long-Term Effectiveness of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Heart Failure Patients With Unfavorable Cardiac Veins Anatomy
Authors: Francesco Giraldi, Gaia Cattadori, Maurizio Roberto, Corrado Carbucicchio, Mauro Pepi, Giovanni Ballerini, Francesco Alamanni, Paolo Della Bella, Gianluca Pontone, Daniele Andreini, Claudio Tondo, Piergiuseppe G. Agostoni
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract 263: Hyperglycemia: A Poor Prognostic Factor for Neurological Recovery in Patients with Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Umashankar Lakshmanadoss, Shaker Eid, Skon M Nazarian, Dhananjay Vaidya, Kerry Stewart, Saadia Sherazi, Nisha Chandra-Strobos
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Hyperglycemia is an independent predictor of mortality in several but not all critically ill populations. Animal cardiac arrest models suggest that hyperglycemia results in poor outcomes. We examined the effects of hyperglycemia in cardiac arrest survivors, focusing on its effects on neurological function. Methods: We evaluated 123 survivors of non-traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest .Data were collected following the Utstein guidelines. Hyperglycemia was defined as any value &gt; 180 mg/dl. Patients who had hyperglycemia were treated with intravenous / subcutaneous insulin at the discretion of the health care team. Neurological status was assessed by Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) scores. Fisher's exact two-tailed test, univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used for analyses. Data are reported as percentage, mean + SD. Results: Of 123 patients studied, 31% had a history of diabetes; however 72 % (88/123) were hyperglycemic. As noted below, those with hyperglycemia had similar characteristics as compared to those with normoglycemia including a history of diabetes. Hyperglycemia was more common in patients treated with hypothermia as compared to those not cooled: 83% (44/53) vs. 64 %( 44/71) respectively (P= 0.01). Poor neurological recovery (CPC &gt; 2) was also seen more often in those with hyperglycemia as compared to those without hyperglycemia (87% vs. 68%) respectively (P= 0.01). Although univariate analysis identified hyperglycemia to be a predictor of poor neurological recovery, it did not worsen neurological recovery in hypothermia treated patients (pNS). Multivariate regression analyses, failed to identify hyperglycemia as a predictor of poor neurological outcome. Conclusion: Hyperglycemia (&gt;180 mg/dl) is extremely common post arrest and is implicated in poor neurological recovery. The early identification and treatment of hyperglycemia is likely justified. Patient Characteristics
The Effect of Granulocyte-Colony-Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) on T Cell Polarization in Vitro: A Direct Comparison Between Nivestim® and Neupogen®
Authors: Nicole Mifsud, Amina Ismail, Elisha de Valle, Andrew Spencer, Sushrut S. Patil, George Grigoriadis, Raffi Gugasyan
Journal: Blood (2014)
Continuous Low-Dose Infusion of Human Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in Patients With Left Ventricular Dysfunction Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Akira Sezai, Mitsumasa Hata, Tetsuya Niino, Isamu Yoshitake, Satoshi Unosawa, Shinji Wakui, Kishu Fujita, Tadateru Takayama, Yuji Kasamaki, Atsushi Hirayama, Kazutomo Minami
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract P108: Orexin-A Improves Arousal and Electroencephalographic Entropy in Rats after Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Matthew A Koenig, Xiaofeng Jia, Xiaxu Kang, Adrian Velasquez, Nitish V Thakor, Romergryko G Geocadin
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: Cardiac arrest (CA) survivors progress through electroencephalographic (EEG) burst-suppression prior to arousal. Orexin-A, an excitatory neuropeptide, elicits arousal EEG patterns during anesthetic-induced burst-suppression. We hypothesized that intraventricular injection of orexin-A would improve arousal and burst-suppression after CA in rats. Methods: Eighteen Wistar rats were subjected to 7-minute asphyxial CA and resuscitation by external cardiac massage. Rats were divided into treatment (n=9) and control (n=9) groups. Twenty minutes after resuscitation, the treatment group received 0.1 mL of 1nM orexin-A intraven-tricularly, while controls received saline. EEG was continuously monitored and quantified using Information Quantity (IQ), a measure of entropy validated for detection of burst-suppression and arousal patterns. IQ was normalized to baseline prior to CA (range 0 –1.0). Arousal was quantified using the neurological deficit scale (NDS). Stereologic microscopy was used to determine the ischemic neuronal fraction of hippocampus CA1 and cortex. Results: Baseline and post-resuscitation characteristics were similar between the 2 groups. Burst frequency by visual inspection was similar after administration of orexin-A or saline. Rats in the orexin-A group demonstrated higher IQ values (mean±SD) compared to controls beginning 10 minutes after drug injection (0.564±0.098 vs. 0.429±0.116, p=0.024). IQ values remained significantly higher in the orexin-A group for the first 60 minutes after drug injection and subsequently converged. The NDS score (mean±SD) at 4 hours was higher in the orexin-A group compared to controls (57.3±5.8 vs. 40.7±5.9, p&lt;0.02), but scores were similar at 72 hours. The ischemic neuronal fraction was similar between groups in cortex (p=0.54) and hippocampus CA1 (p=0.14). Conclusions: In rats resuscitated from CA, orexin-A hastened improvement of EEG entropy and arousal measures without increasing ischemic neuronal injury. The role of orexin-A in hastening arousal after CA deserves further investigation.
Abstract 13461: Passive Myocardial Tension in Patients With Hypertension, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Cameron Donaldson, Bradley Palmer, Michael Zile, Takamaru Ashikaga, Markus Meyer, Peter VanBuren, Francis Spinale, David Maughan, Margaret Redfield, David Bull, Martin LeWinter
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Both hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are known to cause left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction based on non-invasive estimates. However, it is unclear which myocardial det...
When I use a word . . .: Oranges and grapefruit
Authors: J. Aronson
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Something in grapefruit juice inhibits an isoform, CYP3A4, of cytochrome P450, causing drug interactions. That is why terfenadine was last year removed from over the counter sales: grapefruit juice inhibits its metabolism, and that can lead to dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. The active ingredient in the grapefruit is unknown, although at least one of the flavonoid glycosides that citrus fruits contain, naringin, seems to have been exonerated. Now if you thought that “naringin” was reminiscent of another member of the citrus family, “orange,” you would be right, and here's why.

The indefinite article takes two forms, “a” and “an.” Originally it was “an,” a weak …
Website of the week: Rehabilitation
Authors: Gavin Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Rehabilitation teams aim to foster patients' independence after injury or illness. The model they use has its origins in the care of disabled soldiers after the world wars and is elegantly described on the University of Pennsylvania's website (http://health.upenn.edu/rehabmed/history/chap2.shtml#ww1). The sudden influx to the United States of young, acutely disabled soldiers returning from Europe drew attention to the medical and social problems created by physical disability. This was the impetus to developing “hospitals for the reconstruction of disabled soldiers,” the precursors to modern rehabilitation units, and to developing physical and other therapies. To find the origins of other medical interventions, you could try one of the medical history “meta-sites” collected together at www.anes.uab.edu/medhist.htm.

Rehabilitation professionals will doubtless be delighted to read in this week's BMJ (p ) that the model works—at least in promoting independence in elderly patients with mild or moderate dementia after they have had a hip fracture. Patients, too, place much faith in rehabilitation, particularly if they are “motivated” (www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/321/7268/1051), but the outcome depends on who is being rehabilitated for what. I searched the abstracts of the Cochrane Collaboration, freely available at www.update-software.com/abstracts/default2.htm, and found, for example, that there was insufficient evidence to prove the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation for memory problems after stroke (www.update-software.com/abstracts/ab002293.htm).

Other abstracts I found with the search term “rehabilitation” left me somewhat perplexed—is the treatment of bunions really a form of rehabilitation? Perhaps it is if rehabilitation is simply about “restoring function,” as suggested by the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (www.aapmr.org). But this definition seems overly mechanistic. Augustus Birrell, the British essayist, suggested that history is a “great dust-heap” (a quotation found through the reference engine xrefer, at www.xrefer.com), but going back to the historical roots of rehabilitation reminds us that it is about returning people to society, not just reconstructing them in isolation.
Abstract 17694: Angiographic and Clinical Outcomes in Infrapopliteal InterventioniIn Chronic Renal Impairment
Authors: Amro Elnagar, Seung Woon Rha, Byoung Geol Choi, Sung Il Im, Sun Won Kim, Jin Oh Na, Seong Woo Han, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Chang Gyu Park, Hong Seog Seo, Dong Joo Oh
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Chronic renal impairment (CRI) is well known risk factor in patients (pts) with coronary artery disease; however impact of CRI in pts with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is not well defined. We evulate effect of CRI on procedural &amp; clinical outcomes in below the knee (BTK) intervention. Methods: A total 82 consecutive patients with 147 BTK lesions. Study population were divided into 2 groups according to renal funtion.CRI was defined as serum creatinine more than 1.5 mg/dl. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar between 2 groups. Lesions data were also similar except that CRI group had more calcific lesions. Pre procedure diameter stenosis (DS) was more in normal group, while Post procedure (DS) was more in CRI .Post procedure diameter stenosis (DS) was more in CRI. Post procedural ischemic complications and one year clinical follow up were not different; except for wound debridement was more in CRI group. (Table 1) Conclusions: In our study, CRI was not associated with worse angiographic and clinical outcome than pts with normal renal function.
Recent expansion of dengue virus serotype 3 in West Africa
Authors: L Franco, A Di Caro, F Carletti, O Vapalahti, C Renaudat, H Zeller, A Tenorio
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2010)

Due to non-existing or limited surveillance in Africa, little is known about the epidemiology of dengue illness in the continent. Serological and virological data obtained from returning European travellers is a key complement to this often flawed information. In the past years, dengue 3 virus has emerged in West Africa and has been detected in travellers returning to Europe. The first dengue epidemic in Cape Verde with more than 17,000 cases from September to December 2009 demonstrated that dengue virus is still expanding worldwide to new territories.
Effects of homoeopathy
Authors: E Ernst
Journal: BMJ (1995)

did it?"and "How do we stop it?"may be of little relevance after an earthquake, they are uppermost in the mind of anyone subject to continual bom- bardment and ethnic cleansing.Failure to engage with these issues can increase a sense of victimhood and disempowerment; and attempts to remain politically neutral in the face of genocide may well be construed as tacit collaboration with the aggessor and make effective therapeutic work impossible.Human identity rests on the network of social relations that we build around ourselves: the tie of family, work, and community, and the emotional bond we make with our physical environment.One might argue that the main psychic injury of war is the disruption of those ties, the destruction of identity through the destruction of our social world.Thus any thorough evaluation of psycho- logical treatments for traumatic stress should compare their effectiveness with the impact on mental health of non-psychological interventions such as community redevelopment projects.Only then can scarce resources be allocated in the most appropriate way.
Reporting of pathologic factors influencing local recurrence in ductal carcinoma in situ and invasive mammary carcinoma
Authors: A. Bakhru, G. Padovan, D. Dauria, A. Dennis, L. Schiffhauer, G. Ahrendt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

9581 Background: Complete pathology reporting of factors influencing local recurrence risk is essential for accurate staging and treatment planning in breast cancer. Pathologic assessment of tumor size, histologic grade, margin status, and extent of intraductal component may influence the decision to pursue additional treatment following breast conserving surgery. The American College of Pathologists (ACP) has published consensus guidelines for breast pathology reporting based on established prognostic and predictive factors. This study assessed differences in adherence to the ACP guidelines between tertiary-care and community-based hospital pathology departments. Methods: 250 consecutive surgical pathology reports were collected from one tertiary care and one community hospital. 195 demonstrating infiltrating or intraductal carcinoma were analyzed. Three reviewers, blinded to hospital of origin, independently scored each report for completeness based on the 1999 ACP guidelines. Differences by site were analyzed by t-tests and multivariate logistic regression. Results: 66 reports of invasive carcinoma, 38 reports of DCIS, and 91 reports of invasive carcinoma with a DCIS component were analyzed. Among invasive only cases, margin status was reported less often by university-based pathologists (p<0.01). For DCIS only, disease extent was reported significantly more often at the university (p<0.05); reporting of DCIS grade or necrosis did not vary. Results for cases of invasive carcinoma with DCIS are shown below: Conclusions: University pathology departments are more likely to quantify extent of tumor, but less likely to report margin status. Both university and community pathology departments underreport based on ACP guidelines. Failure to include prognostic information may lead to under-treatment and inaccurate perceptions of local recurrence risk. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Combination Of Ibrutinib With ABT-199, a BCL-2 Pathway Inhibitor: Effective Therapeutic Strategy In a Novel Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cell Line Model
Authors: Xiaoxian Zhao, Juraj Bodo, Danyu Sun, Jeffrey J. Lin, Lisa Durkin, Shashirekha Shetty, Mitchell R. Smith, Eric D. Hsi
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 1393: Inhibition of Cardiac Remodeling by Pravastatin is Associated with Amelioration of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Authors: Hui Zhao, Yulin Liao, Tetsuo Minamino, Yoshihiro Asano, Masanori Asakura, Jiyoong Kim, Hiroshi Asanuma, Seiji Takashima, Masatsugu Hori, Masafumi Kitakaze
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background We previously reported that prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributes to progression from cardiac hypertrophy to heart failure. Statins have an inhibitory effect on cholesterol synthesis, oxidative stresses, protein synthesis and production of inflammatory cytokines, all of which could be associated with ER stress. However, it is unknown whether statins can ameliorate ER stress in heart disease. This study was designed to investigate whether pravastatin could inhibit cardiac remodeling and ameliorate ER stress caused by pressure overload or tumor necrosis factor α (TNF α ). Methods and Results Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for four weeks in C57BL/6 male mice. Either pravastatin (5 mg/kg/d, n=20, TAC+prava group) or its vehicle (n=20) was orally administered to mice. The ER stress signaling pathway was also studied in pressure-overloaded mice hearts and in cultured cardiomyocytes treated with TNF α (10ng/ml) for 24 hours. Four weeks after TAC, both heart-to-body weight ratio (8.68 ± 1.23 in TAC group, 6.92 ± 1.11 in TAC+prava group) and lung-to-body weight ratio (11.08 ± 2.58 in TAC group, 7.92± 3.56 in TAC+prava group) became significantly lower in pravastatin-treated mice than in the TAC group. Left ventricular fractional shortening and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVFS and LVEF) were larger in TAC+prava group (48.0±1.9 % and 80±1.9% respectively) compared with TAC group (LVFS and LVEF, 34.8 ±1.4% and 65 ±3%; P&lt;0.01 VS TAC group each). Markers of ER stress such as an increase in ER chaperones and CHOP expressions and enhanced phosphorylation of eIF2 α were observed in the hearts of TAC mice, while pravastatin treatment significantly blunted these changes. Pravastatin-treated TAC mice also showed a decrease of cardiac apoptosis. Cardiac expression of TNF α was increased in TAC mice, and TNF α induced ER stress in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, either of which was significantly inhibited by pravastatin. Conclusions These findings indicate that pravastatin inhibits cardiac remodeling in mice subjected to pressure overload, and this action is associated with inhibition of the ER stress signaling pathway.
Abstract 1681: Haploinsufficiency of MEF2A Increases Risk of Atherosclerosis In Mice
Authors: Qing K Wang, Krishna M Bhagavatula, Eric J Topol, Jonathan D Smith
Journal: Circulation (2008)

MEF2A is a member of the myocyte enhancer factor-2 (MEF2) family of transcription factors. We showed that MEF2A was expressed in coronary arteries and mutations or rare variants of MEF2F were associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in humans. Both positive and negative replication studies were later reported. To further investigate the role of MEF2A in CAD and MI, we have characterized heterozygous MEF2A knockout mice and show here that haploinsufficiency of MEF2A in mice promotes atherosclerosis. Heterozygous MEF2A knockout mice were crossed to apoE-deficient mice, a widely used genetic model for atherosclerosis. The degree of atherogenesis was determined by the aortic root quantitative atherosclerosis assay. In vivo vascular permeability assay was performed using Evans blue dye upon stimulation with mustard oil in ears. Serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were measured with the Stanbio enzymatic kits. No significant differences were detected for total plasma cholesterol, HDL-C, VLDL-Cl and TG levels between MEF2A + ApoE −/− mice and their MEF2A +/+ ApoE −/− littermate controls (P = 0.14 – 0.44). The glucose levels before and after fasting were also similar between the two lines of mice (fasting, 106.25 ± 20.7 vs. 104.8 ± 21.9, P = 0.87; non-fasting, 175.3 ± 82 vs. 179.9 ± 119, P = 0.092). Total aortic lesion area was twofold greater in MEF2A + ApoE −/− mice than in MEF2A +/+ ApoE −/− littermate controls fed on western diet (83408 μm 2 vs. 46621 μm 2 in males, n = 11 vs. 15, P = 0.0003; 137822 μm 2 vs. 61568 μm 2 in females, n = 12 vs. 9, P = 0.00003). Permeability of the vasculature in response to a proinflammatory stimulus was 3.2 fold higher in MEF2A + ApoE −/− mice than in MEF2A + / + ApoE −/− littermate controls (P = 0.000012). MEF2A haploinsufficiency promotes atherosclerotic lesion formation in mice, which may be due to increased vascular permeability. Lipid or glucose levels do not contribute to the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in these mice.
An empirical study of psychosis in borderline personality disorder
Authors: H G Pope, J M Jonas, J I Hudson, B M Cohen, M Tohen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

To assess the nature and prevalence of psychotic symptoms in borderline personality disorder, the authors reviewed the cases of 33 patients meeting DSM-III criteria for borderline personality disorder, using both "narrow" and "broad" definitions of psychosis. Only eight patients displayed psychotic symptoms meeting the "narrow" DSM-III definition; in all of these cases, the symptoms appeared to be attributable to either severe drug abuse or major affective disorder, present simultaneously with borderline personality disorder. The remaining patients displayed only "broadly defined" psychotic symptoms or symptoms that appeared to be under voluntary control. These findings weigh against the assumption that borderline personality disorder lies "on the border" of classical psychotic disorders.