tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20606: Comparison of Saphenous Vein Graft Occlusion and Stent Thrombosis: Discrepancies in Clinical Presentation, Procedural Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Hideaki Ota, Thibault Lhermusier, Marco A Magalhaes, Sa`ar Minha, Lakshmana K Pendyala, Nevin C Baker, Ricardo O Escarcega, Wenjie Tian, Rebecca Torguson, Fang Chen, Lowell F Satler, William O Suddath, Augusto D Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Difference in technical complexity and clinical outcomes between percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for stent thrombosis (ST) and PCI for occluded saphenous vein graft (SVG) have not been systematically examined. The aim of this study was to compare clinical presentation, procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients who underwent PCI motivated by ST with those whom PCI was motivated by SVG total occlusion. Methods: We retrospectively included all the patients admitted for ACS due to ST (ST group; n=136) or SVG occlusion (SVG group; n=279) in our institution. The SVG group was divided into the following two subgroups; patients who underwent PCI in the SVG (SVG-PCI; n=75) and those who underwent PCI in native coronary arteries (native-PCI; n=204). Clinical presentation, procedural characteristics and short-term mortality were compared between the 3 groups (ST vs SVG-PCI vs native-PCI). Results: Compared with the SVG-PCI and native-PCI groups, acute myocardial infarction (76.5% vs 58.7% vs 30.4%, p &lt;0.001; respectively) and cardiogenic shock (24.3% vs 6.8% vs 3.5%, p &lt;0.001; respectively) were more frequent in the ST group. Concerning procedural characteristics, SVG-PCI group had the highest number of guiding catheter, procedural time, fluoroscopic time and contrast amount, as well as the lowest angiographical success rate (Table). Patients of the ST group had the highest in-hospital mortality and a trend toward higher 30-day mortality (Table). Conclusions: The present study suggests that ST when compared to SVG occlusion although easier to treat is associated with a worse outcome especially with respect to the clinical presentation at the time of the event.
Abstract #1740: Characterization of GSK1838705A, a small molecule inhibitor of the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase that delays growth of IGF-1R-dependent tumors and causes regression of ALK-dependent tumors in vivo
Authors: Sridhar Rabindran, Peter Sabbatini, Susan Korenchuk, Arthur Groy, Jason Rowand, Qi Liu, Dominic Leperi, Charity Atkins, Melissa Dumble, Jingsong Yang, Kelly Fisher, Ryan Kruger, Kenneth Maksimchuk, Richard Gontarek, Sapna Suravajjala, Russell Lapierre, J. Shotwell, Joseph Wilson, Stanley Chamberlain, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling pathway is activated in various tumors and inhibition of IGF-1R kinase provides a potential therapeutic opportunity in these patients. Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) drives the aberrant growth of anaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCL), some neuroblastomas and a subset of non-small cell lung cancers. Targeting ALK activity is therefore a viable strategy for the treatment of cancers driven by this oncogene. GSK1838705A is a small molecule kinase inhibitor that inhibits IGF-1R, insulin receptor (IR) and ALK with IC 50 s of 2.0, 1.6 and 0.5 nM, respectively. GSK1838705A blocks the proliferation of cell lines derived from solid and hematological malignancies, including those derived from multiple myeloma, Ewing\#8217;s sarcoma and ALCL. In mice bearing tumor xenografts, GSK1838705A treatment retards the growth of IGF-1R-dependent tumors, and causes complete regression of ALK-dependent tumors at well-tolerated doses. Despite the inhibitory effect of GSK1838705A on IR, minimal effects on glucose homeostasis were observed at efficacious doses. GSK1838705A is therefore a promising antitumor agent for therapeutic use in cancers driven by either IGF-1R or ALK.   Citation Information:  In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 1740.
The Cell Nucleus
Authors: David Lagunoff
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The ultimate book on the nucleus would require about a million pages just to present the complete base sequence of DNA in a single human nucleus, alphabetically. The three volumes of<i>The Cell Nucleus</i>, of course, make no pretense of offering that kind of information, but they provide a wide range of up-to-date information on the structure and function of the nucleus. Behind the deceptively bland, lightmicroscopic image of the cell nucleus lies the complexity necessary to selectively transcribe portions of the million pages of information; to transmit the transcribed messages to the protein synthesizing mechanism in the cytoplasm; and, on occasion, to replicate the entire store of information errorlessly. The devices employed to perform these nuclear functions are under analysis, with an impressive array of techniques detailed in these volumes. Three of the more spectacular recent approaches can be mentioned here. Gurdon tells the story of the utilization of
Abstract 18622: Effects of Percutaneous Mitral Balloon Valvuloplasty on Left Atrial Compliance
Authors: Guilherme Rafael S Athayde, Bruno R Nascimento, Lucas Lodi-Junqueira, William Antônio M Esteves, Juliana R Soares, Laura A Dias, Thiago N Reis, Luisa F Barbosa, Timothy C Tan, Maria do Carmo P Nunes
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMV) is the treatment of choice for patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis (MS). Rapid improvement in symptoms and hemodynamic parameters can be observed after increasing mitral valve area and decreasing left atrial pressure. However, left atrial pressure has been shown to be influenced by both MS severity and left atrial compliance (Ca). The effects of PMV on Ca are still relatively unknown. The aim of this study is to define the immediate effects of PMV on Ca and to identify factors influencing the changes in Ca post PMV in patients with MS. Methods: We enrolled patients in our institution with MS who underwent successful PMV from December 2012 to May 2014. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed in all the patients pre and 24-h post procedure. PMV was performed by the Inoue technique, guided by echocardiography. Gas analyzes of blood samples from aorta and pulmonary artery were obtained and pressure tracings were recorded from aorta, left...
Successful Salvage Treatment With Clofarabine and Cytarabine In Relapsed/Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Alessandra Malato, Francesco Acquaviva, Alessandra Santoro, Rosaria Felice, Silvana Magrin, Diamante Turri, Rosanna Scimè, Raimondo Di Bella, Domenico Salemi, Francesco Fabbiano
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 238: Effect of a Rapid Response Team on Cardiopulmonary Arrest Rate at a Veterans Hospital
Authors: Thura T Abd, Dorothy House, Heather L Miller, Michelle Yee, Scott Steinbach, A Maziar Zafari
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Based on recommendations from multiple health care organizations, rapid response teams (RRT) were widely implemented by hospitals in the United States over the past decade. However, studies have shown variable effects of RRTs on reducing in-hospital mortality. We sought to investigate the effect of the implementation of our RRT on the rate of cardiopulmonary arrests (code 99) at the Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC). Materials and Methods: The RRT started in October 2008 at the Atlanta VAMC. It consists of a respiratory therapist and a registered nurse with at least three years of critical care experience. The medical resident on call is required to participate but is not a primary member of the RRT. Hospital staff and healthcare providers of all medical and surgical non-intensive care units (ICU) were extensively educated about the purpose and role of the RRT. Standard criteria for activating the RRT were placed throughout the hospital. Data of all RRT activations were collected, including reasons for RRT activation, RRT intervention and outcomes. Rate of cardiopulmonary arrests (CPA) during the RRT implementation period (10/2008-9/2010) was compared to a historical control period of 48 months prior to the initiation of the RRT. Results: During the study period there were 93 activations for the RRT. The most common causes for RRT activation were acute respiratory distress (38.1%) and altered mental status (30.9%). Fifty percent of RRT activation led to a transfer to the ICU and 7.1% converted to cardiopulmonary arrests. Patients for whom the RRT was activated had a 23.8% in-hospital mortality and 58.3% died within two years. There were similar rates of CPA in the pre- and post-RRT era with 46 CPAs in non-ICU wards during the 2-year period of RRT implementation compared to 49 CPAs during the control period (the two years preceding RRT implementation). Conclusions: Implementation of RRT at the Atlanta VAMC did not reduce hospital wide CPA rate in non-ICU wards. However, RRT activation may be a predictor of illness severity resulting in a higher 2-year mortality rate in predominantly male veterans.
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of a nonlifting adenoma in an ileal pouch using an over-the-scope full-thickness resection device
Authors: Christophe Snauwaert, Anne Jouret-Mourin, Hubert Piessevaux
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 34-year-old man with familial adenomatous polyposis and ileo-anal pouch anastomosis was referred for treatment of a nonlifting Paris 0-IIb lesion. The lesion was located 3 cm proximal to the ileo-anal anastomosis on the dorsal wall of the J-pouch. No malignant characteristics were seen on narrow-band imaging (Narrow-band imaging International Colorectal Endoscopic [NICE] classification type 2) ([Fig. 1]).
Molecular characterisation of ER+ breast cancer before and during treatment with the aromatase inhibitors, letrozole and anastrozole
Authors: A. Urruticoechea, M. Dowsett, A. Mackay, T. Dexter, O. Young, W. R. Miller, D. B. Evans, G. M. Dixon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

9554 Background: Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are becoming the preferred initial hormone treatment for ER+ primary breast carcinomas in postmenopausal women. The molecular determinants of response/resistance to AI treatment and the molecular changes underpinning response are unknown. We have therefore assessed whether the effects of withdrawing oestrogen with AIs can identify further important molecular features of these tumours. Methods: Postmenopausal women with primary operable breast cancer were randomised to c.2 weeks pre-surgical treatment with letrozole 2.5mg/d or anastrozole 1mg/d. Biopsies were taken before treatment (core-cut) and at surgery (core-cut or excision) and were snap frozen. RNA was extracted, amplified (linear) and subjected to microarray gene expression profiling using Breakthrough Centre cDNA chips with 17,500 features. Change in Ki67 was measured by immunohistochemistry. Results: Good quality data was derived from 35 pairs of samples. The genes were filtered down to the c.40% that showed the greatest variability across the whole sample set. Hierarchical clustering of the 70 samples using a number of algorithms resulted in c.50% of the pairs co aggregate. Correlation coefficients between the pairs ranged from 0.40 to 0.92. At a false discovery rate of 1%, 1210 and 986 genes were found to increase and decrease, respectively between the pairs, including some well-known oestrogen-dependent genes (eg. TFF1, TFF3 and CCND1). Some of these genes showed reduced expression in >90% of cases. The number of genes whose expression changed by at least a given threshold was related to the degree of suppression of Ki67. There was no significant difference in the number of genes changing between the 2 treatments. Preliminary analysis indicates that there may be differences in some of the genes changing between the 2 treatments. Conclusions: This is a novel approach to determining in vivo oestrogen-responsive genes for predicting response, guiding therapy and identifying new therapeutic targets. To date many genes have been identified that show profound and consistent changes in expression. These are candidate biomarkers for benefit from AI treatment. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Novartis Novartis Novartis
Abstract 2955: Trail-R2: A death receptor turns malignant upon nuclear localization
Authors: Holger Kalthoff, Verena Haselmann, Alexandra Kurz, Uwe Bertsch, Sebastian Huebner, Hendrik Fritsche, Charlotte Hauser, Christian Schem, Rob Tower, Thorsten Heilmann, Sanjay Tiwari, Claus C. Glüer, Anna Trauzold
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract High intracellular expression of death receptor TRAIL-R2 correlates with poor prognosis for different tumor entities and thus suggests tumor-promoting activity of intracellular TRAIL-R2. We demonstrate that TRAIL-R2 interacts with the core Microprocessor components Drosha and DGCR8 and the associated regulatory proteins p68, hnRNPA1, NF45 and NF90 in the nucleus. Knockdown of TRAIL-R2 enhances Drosha-mediated processing of pri-let-7 resulting in increased levels of mature let-7, reduced expression of let-7-targets Lin28B and HMGA2 and inhibition of cell proliferation. In contrast, high abundance of nuclear TRAIL-R2, often detected in pancreatic cancer, correlates with enhanced expression of HMGA2 and dictates worse prognosis. Importantly, knockdown of TRAIL-R2 inhibits pancreatic tumor growth in an orthotopic xenotransplantation mouse model and reduced nuclear levels of TRAIL-R2 accompany differentiation of pancreatic epithelial cells in vitro. In conclusion, we define a novel function of nuclear TRAIL death receptor contributing to malignancy by inhibition of let-7-maturation (Haselmann et al., Gastroenterology epub ahead of print). In extension to our work on pancreatic cancer we further show nuclear TRAIL-R2 functions to be of relevance in breast cancer bone metastasis. Stably shRNA- transfected clones of MDAMB231 cells revealed metastatic lesions in only 2/12 mice upon TRAIL-R2 knock-down, whereas TRAIL-R1 and control knock-down clones exhibited multiple metastases throughout the groups of 12 mice each. Under in vitro conditions some decreased apoptosis rate was observed in both TRAIL-R knock-down clonal populations compared to the controls upon TRAIL treatment. Preliminary results suggest Mesenchymal-Epithelial-Transition (as indicated by increased E-Cadherin expression in TRAIL-R2 knock-down cells) as a mechanism for reduced metastasis. In summary, we show nuclear death receptor TRAIL-R2 to significantly contribute to malignant progression in two different pre-clinical tumor models. Thus, targeted intervention to prevent nuclear localization may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy. Supported by DFG (TR 1063/2-1 and TR 1063/3-1 - SKELMET FOR 1586). Citation Format: Holger Kalthoff, Verena Haselmann, Alexandra Kurz, Uwe Bertsch, Sebastian Huebner, Hendrik Fritsche, Charlotte Hauser, Christian Schem, Rob Tower, Thorsten Heilmann, Sanjay Tiwari, Claus C. Glüer, Anna Trauzold. Trail-R2: A death receptor turns malignant upon nuclear localization. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2955. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2955
The effectiveness of psychodynamic psychotherapies: An update
Authors: Peter Fonagy
Journal: World Psychiatry (2015)

This paper provides a comprehensive review of outcome studies and meta-analyses of effectiveness studies of psychodynamic therapy (PDT) for the major categories of mental disorders. Comparisons with inactive controls (waitlist, treatment as usual and placebo) generally but by no means invariably show PDT to be effective for depression, some anxiety disorders, eating disorders and somatic disorders. There is little evidence to support its implementation for post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bulimia nervosa, cocaine dependence or psychosis. The strongest current evidence base supports relatively long-term psychodynamic treatment of some personality disorders, particularly borderline personality disorder. Comparisons with active treatments rarely identify PDT as superior to control interventions and studies are generally not appropriately designed to provide tests of statistical equivalence. Studies that demonstrate inferiority of PDT to alternatives exist, but are small in number and often questionable in design. Reviews of the field appear to be subject to allegiance effects. The present review recommends abandoning the inherently conservative strategy of comparing heterogeneous "families" of therapies for heterogeneous diagnostic groups. Instead, it advocates using the opportunities provided by bioscience and computational psychiatry to creatively explore and assess the value of protocol-directed combinations of specific treatment components to address the key problems of individual patients.
Abstract 241: Which Cerebral Saturation Should We Target in Post--Cardiac Arrest Patients?
Authors: Koen Ameloot, Cathy De Deyne, Ingrid Meex, Jolien Haesen, Cornelia Genbrugge, Wilfried Mullens, Frank Jans, Mathias Dupont, Jo Dens
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Purpose: Current guidelines recommend targeting mean arterial pressure above 65mmHg and SVO2 above 70% in post-cardiac arrest patients. Blood pressure and SVO2 are only surrogate parameters for cerebral perfusion. Alternatively, cerebral saturation can be assessed directly and non-invasively with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), using the FORE-SIGHTTM technology (CAS Medical systems, Branford, CT, USA). It is unclear which cerebral saturation we should target to maximize patient survival. The aim of the present study was to explore the association between SctO2 and survival in post-cardiac arrest patients. Methods: Prospective observational study in 82 post-cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia. Cerebral saturation was measured every 2 seconds. Results: During the first 24 hours after ICU admission, the average SctO2 was 65.5±4.5%. For each patient, the percentage of time was calculated per percentage cerebral saturation. Patients were stratified according to no (<2%), low (2-12.5...
Abstract 431: Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 Contributes to Angiotensin II-Induced Left Ventricular Hypertrophy In Vivo
Authors: Réka Skoumal, István Szokodi, Andor Solymos, Balázs Sármán, Lajos Papp, Rudolf deChâtel, Miklós Tóth, Heikki Ruskoaho
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The transcription factor signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) has been implicated in the hypertrophic response of cultured cardiomyocytes; however, its precise function in the...
Abstract 2059: Transthoracic Application of Medium Voltage Therapy Maintains Forward Blood Flow during Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Giuseppe Ristagno, Yongqin Li, Hao Wang, Shijie Sun, Gilman Byron, Max H Weil, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

We have previously reported that transthoracic medium voltage therapy (MVT) generated coronary perfusion pressure (CPP), forward carotid blood flow (CBF) and end-tidal CO 2 (EtCO 2 ) comparable to those produced by manual chest compression. In the present study, we investigated the capability of MVT to generate and maintain forward blood flow for a longer interval, i.e. 1 min, in a porcine model of short duration cardiac arrest. MVT can maintain threshold levels of CPP, CBF and EtCO 2 , for a minute interval prior to defibrillation. In 7 domestic male pigs weighing 40 ± 1 kg, VF was electrically induced and untreated for 10 seconds. Animals were then subjected to receive MVT for one minute with the aid of a Galvani E-CPR device (Galvani Ltd, Edina, MN), after when a biphasic shock was delivered. The MVT pulsed packet was 400 msec, the pulsed packet rate was 80/min, the intra-packet pulse period was 25 ms and intra-packet pulse durations were 0.2 ms. CPP and EtCO2 were continuously measured during MVT. CBF and ejection fraction generated during MVT were measured by echo-Doppler technique, while cardiac output with stroke volume by thermodiluition method. MVT was able to maintain CPP and EtCO2 above the threshold levels for successful resuscitation for the entire interval of application (Table ). During MVT, excellent stroke volume, cardiac output and ejection fraction together with carotid blood flow were generated (Table ). MVT produced and maintained for one minute forward blood flow during cardiac arrest. This electrical therapy might represent a new approach intended to generate and/or maintain forward blood flow in lieu of or in association with chest compression in victims of cardiac arrest
Abstract 1996: Non-culprit Lesions Detected During Primary PCI: Treat Invasively Or Follow The Guidelines?
Authors: Jan H Dambrink, Jan P Debrauwere, Arnoud W van ’t Hof, Jan Paul Ottervanger, A T Gosselink, Jan C Hoorntje, Menko J de Boer, Harry Suryapranata
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background. Evidence regarding the optimal treatment of non-culprit lesions detected during primary PCI is lacking. A conservative approach is advocated by the current guidelines. However, a more aggressive approach may prevent recurrent cardiac events and improve left ventricular function. Methods . Of 120 patients with at least 1 non-culprit lesion, 80 were randomized to early follow-up coronary angiography including Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR)-guided PCI (invasive group), and 40 to medical treatment followed by ischemia detection at a later stage (conservative group). Primary endpoint was left ventricular ejection fraction at 6 months. Results. The number of non-culprit lesions per patient was identical in both groups (1.25 ± 0.44 vs 1.25 ± 0.44, p=1.00). In the invasive group, follow-up angiography was performed 13 ± 13 days after primary PCI. Only 60 % of the non-culprit lesions that were considered significant during primary PCI had a FFR &lt; 0.75 at follow up indicating hemodynamic significance. Subsequent PCI of at least 1 non-culprit lesion guided by FFR was performed in 50% of patients, PCI without preceding FFR was performed in 15% and CABG was done in 5%. After 236 ± 152 days of follow up, PCI of non-culprit lesions was more frequently needed in the conservative group (18% vs 4%, p=0.015) but the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction was higher in the invasive group (10% vs 0%, p=0.051), half of which were non-culprit lesion related (5% vs 0%, p=0.150). Death and total major adverse cardiac events were not different between groups. Conclusion: The hemodynamic significance of non-culprit lesions detected during primary PCI is frequently overestimated (40%). Early PCI of non-culprit lesions guided by FFR prevents later PCI procedures but does not result in a reduction of total major cardiac events compared to a more conservative strategy. Data on the primary endpoint at 6 months (EF) will be presented.
Lactobacillus rhamnosus administration causes sepsis in a cardiosurgical patient—is the time right to revise probiotic safety guidelines?
Authors: P. Kochan, A. Chmielarczyk, L. Szymaniak, M. Brykczynski, K. Galant, A. Zych, K. Pakosz, S. Giedrys-Kalemba, E. Lenouvel, P.B. Heczko
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)