tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Good's syndrome with primary intrapulmonary thymoma
Authors: N G Ryman, L Burrow, C Bowen, C Carrington, A Dawson, N K Harrison
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

Hypogammaglobulinaemia associated with thymoma is known as Good's syndrome. Whilst most thymomas present as an anterior mediastinal mass they seldom occur within the lung parenchyma.
Letter: Gonorrhoea in obstetrics and gynaecology.
Authors: R A Sparks
Journal: BMJ (1974)

and transient swelling of face, body, and limbs (1); hypopyon of left eye (1); acute monarticular arthritis (1); and sulphonamide crystalluria (1).Of the 12 meningococcal isolates obtained so far only one has shown sulphonamide resistance employing standard disc diffusion methods.Three of the four most recent strains have been found to be groupo I meningococci, the fourth belonging to group C. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the group B strains to sodium sulpha- diazine was 16 Mg/ml, and in two of them it was 0 4 ,ug/ml to benzylpenicillin.Follow- up studies on six patients (including four infants less than 1 year of age) 4-10 weeks after discharge showed no evidence of residual damage.-Weare, etc.,
Atrial versus ventricular contribution in determining systolic venous return: A new approach to an old riddle
Authors: D. Kalmanson, C. Veyrat, P. Chiche
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1971)

Journal Article Atrial versus ventricular contribution in determining systolic venous return: A new approach to an old riddle Get access Daniel Kalmanson, Daniel Kalmanson From the Departments of Cardiology, Fondation A. de Rothschild, and Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Colette Veyrat, Colette Veyrat From the Departments of Cardiology, Fondation A. de Rothschild, and Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Paul Chiche Paul Chiche From the Departments of Cardiology, Fondation A. de Rothschild, and Hôpital Tenon, Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 5, Issue 3, July 1971, Pages 293–302, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/5.3.293 Published: 01 July 1971
Comparison of once- and twice-daily dosing of fluticasone propionate 200 micrograms per day administered by Diskus device in patients with asthma treated with or without inhaled corticosteroids
Authors: James Wolfe, Anthony Rooklin, James Grady, Zev M. Munk, Anne Stevens, Barbara Prillaman, Susan Duke, Stuart Harding
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
PLASTIC SURGERY OF THE PELVIC STRUCTURES.
Authors: HENRY O. MARCY
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The fear of hemorrhage appears to have been the only reason for the use of the uterine clamp. Sir Spencer Wells, Dr. Thomas, Dr. Storer and others spent much time and thought on the devices with which their names are connected. Clamps were in no wise preferable to ligatures with their ends cut long and left extending through the abdominal wound, although it was contended that the wound could be packed about the clamp so as to render infection less liable, and that by tightening the clamp from day to day hemorrhage could be more safely controlled. Although Dr. H. R. Storer was for a long time an advocate of the clamp and his clamp possessed certain advantages, he introduced the treatment of the cervical stump by suturing it firmly into the deeper layers of the wound—called by him "the pocketng of the pedicle." This procedure rendered it possible to
Fluoroquinolones in upper respiratory tract infections
Authors: M Spiteri
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - Roland J Korner and colleagues' article on the dangers of oral fluoroquinolone in community acquired upper respiratory tract infections raises interesting questions.1 In the first case reported, a single dose of any antimicrobial drug would have been unlikely to affect the course of the patient's illness, pneumococcal meningitis. Interestingly, the patient's treatment in hospital consisted initially of cefotaxime and metronidazole; only after the results of culture were obtained was this changed to …
Priming with Human Chorionic Gonadotropin before Retrieval of Immature Oocytes in Women with Infertility Due to the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Ri-Cheng Chian, Bülent Gülekli, William M. Buckett, Seang-Lin Tan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Women who have infertility due to anovulation in association with the polycystic ovary syndrome are particularly difficult to treat. A substantial proportion have no response to the ...
Augmented efficacy of external CPR by intermittent occlusion of the ascending aorta.
Authors: W Tang, M H Weil, M Noc, S Sun, R J Gazmuri, J Bisera
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND After prolonged cardiac arrest, conventional methods of closed-chest cardiac compression are ineffective. This is primarily because of failure to generate minimal threshold levels of coronary perfusion pressure for cardiac resuscitation. This report introduces a new option for cardiac resuscitation by use of a combination of intermittent ascending aortic balloon occlusion, aortic infusion, and precordial compression to increase the pressure gradient for coronary perfusion. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, normovolemic domestic pigs were investigated. A 10F balloon catheter was advanced from the left femoral artery into the ascending aorta. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with an AC current delivered through an electrode catheter advanced into the right ventricle. Precordial compression was initiated after 7 minutes of untreated ventricular fibrillation. The animals were randomized to one of four groups: (1) balloon occlusion with proximal infusion of oxygenated saline, (2) balloon occlusion alone, (3) proximal aortic infusion together with epinephrine without balloon occlusion, and (4) injection of epinephrine without balloon occlusion or proximal infusion. For balloon occlusion, the balloon was inflated for 30 seconds during each minute of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. In the subsets of animals that received infusions, oxygenated saline (30 mL) was injected into the proximal aorta immediately after balloon occlusion. Epinephrine was used in two subsets: It was injected as a bolus in amounts of 30 micrograms/kg into the right atrium at 30 seconds after start of precordial compression and repeated as required to maintain coronary perfusion pressure within the range of 25 to 30 mm Hg. Defibrillation was attempted at 1 minute after start of precordial compression and at 1-minute intervals thereafter. Resuscitation attempts were continued until there was return of spontaneous circulation or for a total of 30 minutes after start of precordial compression. Coronary perfusion pressure generated by precordial compression was significantly increased after balloon occlusion. Each of 10 animals was successfully resuscitated and survived for 48 hours after balloon occlusion whether or not it was combined with infusion. Three of five animals were resuscitated by a combination of infusion and epinephrine in the absence of aortic occlusion, but none survived for 48 hours (P = .02). Only one epinephrine-treated animal was successfully resuscitated and survived for 48 hours in the absence of balloon occlusion or infusion (P &lt; .05). CONCLUSIONS Ascending aortic balloon occlusion with or without proximal aortic infusion strikingly increased resuscitability and 48-hour survival after cardiac arrest under conditions when conventional methods failed.
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF DISABILITY IN PULMONARY DISEASES OF INDUSTRY
Authors: EDGAR MAYER
Journal: JAMA (1941)

The New York State Department of Labor has created a board of impartial consultants to review controversial claims for compensation due to pulmonary disability acquired in industry. As a member of this board it has been my experience that two major problems exist:   A patient presents pulmonary disease obviously related to a definite industrial hazard. Disability is claimed, and it must be decided whether the disease which is present is disabling.  A patient is obviously disabled, but the difficulty arises in determining whether his disability is related to his occupation.   The solution of these problems necessitates finding answers to the following questions:   What etiologic agents exist in industry which produce pulmonary damage?  How do these substances produce lung injury, and what are the anatomic results?  How can these pulmonary illnesses be recognized?  How do these illnesses produce pulmonary incapacity, and what reliable clinical and
Value of Endoscopic Ultrasonography in the Assessment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Authors: S. Shimizu, M. Tada, K. Kawai
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

The value of EUS in the assessment of inflammatory bowel diseases was determined. EUS was useful for estimation of the histological changes of inflammatory bowel diseases. In ulcerative colitis, EUS findings were classified into five types, which correlated with the colonoscopic and histological findings. Studies in surgical cases and further prospective investigations are necessary, however, to determine whether EUS can contribute to the management of inflammatory bowel diseases.
On the role of the epidermal differentiation complex in ichthyosis vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and psoriasis
Authors: S. Hoffjan, S. Stemmler
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Undisturbed epidermal differentiation is crucial for an intact skin barrier function. The epidermal differentiation complex (EDC) is a cluster of genes on chromosome 1q21 encoding proteins that fulfil important functions in terminal differentiation in the human epidermis, including filaggrin, loricrin, S100 proteins and others. Recently, evidence emerged that variation within EDC genes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of three common skin disorders, ichthyosis vulgaris, atopic dermatitis (AD) and psoriasis. Two loss-of-function mutations in the filaggrin (FLG) gene, R501X and 2282del4, were identified as causative for ichthyosis vulgaris in 15 affected European families, and the mode of inheritance was found to be semidominant. As ichthyosis vulgaris and AD often occur concomitantly in affected individuals, these two mutations were subsequently investigated in AD patients and found to be strongly associated with the disease. Following this first report, seven replication studies have been performed that all confirm an association of these two mutations with AD (or AD subtypes) in several European cohorts. Additionally, two unique loss-of-function mutations in the FLG gene were identified in Japanese ichthyosis vulgaris families and found to be associated with AD in a Japanese cohort. Thus, the FLG mutations are among the most consistently replicated associations for AD. Additionally, linkage analysis has suggested that variation within the EDC might also predispose for psoriasis but the exact susceptibility variation(s) have not yet been elucidated. Taken together, these findings convincingly demonstrate the important role of barrier dysfunction in various common skin disorders.
Chronic wrist pain: diagnosis and management. Development and use of a new algorithm
Authors: R. M van Vugt, J. W J Bijlsma, A. C van Vugt
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1999)

Chronic wrist pain can be difficult to manage and the differential diagnosis is extensive. To provide guidelines for assessment of the painful wrist an algorithm was developed to encourage a structured approach to the diagnosis and management of these patients.A review of the literature on causes of chronic wrist pain was undertaken; history taking, physical examination and imaging studies were evaluated systematically to determine which of the many potential conditions was the cause of the wrist pain. Chronic wrist pain was subdivided into pain of probable intra-articular or extra-articular origin. By means of this classification a clinical algorithm was developed to establish a diagnosis and its clinical usefulness was tested in a prospective study of 84 patients presenting to our outpatient clinic.A definite diagnosis could be established in 59% (49 of 84) of the cases by careful history taking, extensive physical examination, plain radiographs, ultrasound examination and bone scintigraphy. In 19% of the cases (16 of 84) a probable diagnosis was made resulting in a total figure 78% (65 of 84). Additional imaging studies (arthrography, magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography) increased the definite diagnoses to 70% (59 of 84).The algorithm proved easy to use and by the use of careful history taking, thorough physical examination and simple imaging techniques (ultrasonography and scintigraphy) a diagnosis was made in 78% of cases.
Comprehensive Management of Persistent Somatization: An Innovative Inpatient Program
Authors: Susan E. Abbey, Z.J. Lipowski
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1987)

Psychiatry has been largely unsuccessful in developing effective treatment strategies for patients with chronic somatization. They continue to utilize a disproportionate share of health care resources and experience personal distress and significant social and occupational dysfunction. The Psychosomatic Medicine Unit at the Clarke Institute of Psychiatry is attempting to treat these patients with a comprehensive treatment program that takes into account the multifactorial etiology of the disturbance. The unit is in a tertiary care facility and the patient population is heterogeneous with respect to the underlying psychiatric diagnosis and the duration of symptoms. All patients are significantly dysfunctional and have typically failed other treatment approaches. The treatment process begins with an assessment phase in which the patient is comprehensively evaluated from the physical and psychiatric perspectives. The rehabilitation phase consists of a variety of treatment modalities including group programs in goal-setting, life skills and interpersonal relations, group therapy, individual psychotherapy, family therapy, occupational therapy and vocational rehabilitation, biofeedback and physiotherapy. Psychotropic medications play an important role in some patients. This paper will describe the unit and its program in detail.
Abstract 889: Growth differentiation factor 15 causes increased invasiveness and EMT in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer via activation of p38 MAPK.
Authors: Jayashree P. Joshi, Zhengjia Chen, Rita Nahta
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract HER2 overexpression in breast cancer is frequently associated with aggressive and metastatic disease. De novo and acquired resistance to the first line therapy trastuzumab are major clinical issues that need to be addressed. We recently reported that the cytokine growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is overexpressed in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cell lines that have acquired or primary resistance to trastuzumab. GDF15, a distant member of the TGF-beta superfamily, has been associated with increased disease aggression in many malignancies. Our previous study showed that GDF15 activates the TGF-β receptor/src/HER2 signaling pathway, resulting in trastuzumab resistance. We recently observed that overexpression of GDF15 resulted in increased invasion in ovarian and breast cancer cells. In the present study, we investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying GDF15-induced invasion of HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells resistant to trastuzumab. We demonstrate that GDF15-mediated invasion of breast cancer cells involves increased p38 MAPK activity. HER2-overexpressing breast cancer cells stably transfected with GDF15 showed EMT, increased cellular invasion, phosphorylation of p38, and increased MMP-2 and MMP-9 transcript expression. Furthermore, pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of p38 MAPK decreased invasion of breast cancer cells and improved response to trastuzumab. Also, knockdown of GDF15 suppressed expression of the p38 target genes MMP-2 and MMP-9. Finally, immunohistochemical analysis of a breast tumor tissue array showed a significant correlation (p=0.0053) between HER2 status and p38 phosphorylation in GDF15-positive breast cancers, as well as significant associations between GDF15 and MMP-2 (p=0.0027) and phosphorylated p38 and MMP-2 (0.0066) in HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Our findings indicate a novel role for GDF15-stimulated p38 signaling in trastuzumab resistance, invasion, and tumor growth of HER2-overexpressing breast cancers. Citation Format: Jayashree P. Joshi, Zhengjia Chen, Rita Nahta. Growth differentiation factor 15 causes increased invasiveness and EMT in HER2-overexpressing breast cancer via activation of p38 MAPK. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 889. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-889
Transparency at the Food and Drug Administration
Authors: Afia K. Asamoah, Joshua M. Sharfstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

The FDA recently released a report from its Transparency Task Force containing 21 draft proposals for expanding the disclosure of information by the agency while maintaining confidentiality for trade secrets and individually identifiable patient information. Afia Asamoah and Dr. Joshua Sharfstein from the FDA discuss the transparency initiative.
Abstract 2963: Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Patients with Eisenmenger Syndrome and Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Gerhard-Paul Diller, Darlington O Okonko, Sven van Eijl, Omar Ali, Luke S Howard, Stephen J Wort, Thomas Thum, Simon R Gibbs, Johann Bauersachs, Martin R Wilkins, Michael A Gatzoulis
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Inhibition of glycolysis or increased perfusate H+ buffering capacity, but not their combination, attenuates myocardial stunning
Authors: M. Tani, K. Shinmura, Y. Ebihara, Y. Asakura
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Both inhibition of glycolysis and enhancement of the H+ buffering capacity of the perfusate during ischaemia reduce myocardial reperfusion injury. The aim of the study was to investigate whether these manoeuvres, performed separately or together, could reduce myocardial stunning after brief global ischaemia.The hearts of male Sprague-Dawley rats were preperfused for 10 min with oxygenated or hypoxic buffer (pH 7.4) containing 100 mM sucrose, 100 mM HEPES, or 5 mM 2-deoxyglucose plus 100 mM sucrose, followed by 15 min of total ischaemia and 30 min of reperfusion. In some hearts, 5 mM 2-deoxyglucose was combined with 100 mM HEPES during the 10 min preperfusion period.Brief hypoxic preperfusion, 2-deoxyglucose, or HEPES reduced myocardial stunning as well as improving the metabolic recovery and reducing Ca2+ overload after reperfusion. These changes were associated with a smaller increase in intracellular Na+ and a smaller decrease of coronary effluent pH at the end of ischaemia. In contrast, the combination of HEPES with hypoxic preperfusion or 2-deoxyglucose depressed functional recovery and increased the intracellular Na+ level at the end of ischaemia as well as increasing Ca2+ overload after reperfusion. This happened even though the decrease in coronary effluent pH was attenuated to the same extent as before.Both inhibition of glycolysis and enhancement of the perfusate H+ buffering capacity before ischaemia attenuated myocardial stunning, but the protective effect of each manoeuvre was lost when they were combined.
Cardiovascular Events Associated With Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapies
Authors: Edward J. Mills, Kristian Thorlund, Shawn Eapen, Ping Wu, Judith J. Prochaska
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Stopping smoking is associated with many important improvements in health and quality of life. The use of cessation medications is recommended to increase the likelihood of quitting. However, there is historical and renewed concern that smoking cessation therapies may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease events associated within the quitting period. We aimed to examine whether the 3 licensed smoking cessation therapies—nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion, and varenicline—were associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease events using a network meta-analysis. Methods and Results— We searched 10 electronic databases, were in communication with authors of published randomized, clinical trials (RCTs), and accessed internal US Food and Drug Administration reports. We included any RCT of the 3 treatments that reported cardiovascular disease outcomes. Among 63 eligible RCTs involving 21 nicotine replacement therapy RCTs, 28 bupropion RCTs, and 18 varenicline RCTs, we found no increase in the risk of all cardiovascular disease events with bupropion (relative risk [RR], 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.54–1.73) or varenicline (RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 0.79–2.23). There was an elevated risk associated with nicotine replacement therapy that was driven predominantly by less serious events (RR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.39–3.82). When we examined major adverse cardiovascular events, we found a protective effect with bupropion (RR, 0.45; 95% CI, 0.21–0.85) and no clear evidence of harm with varenicline (RR, 1.34; 95% CI, 0.66–2.66) or nicotine replacement therapy (RR, 1.95; 95% CI, 0.26–4.30). Conclusion— Smoking cessation therapies do not appear to raise the risk of serious cardiovascular disease events.
ACUTE MASTOIDITIS WITHOUT AURAL DISCHARGE
Authors: Charles R. King
Journal: JAMA (1923)

This case is reported not as one of primary mastoiditis, but rather as an acute purulent mastoiditis having its origin in an acute purulent otitis media, and presenting some unusual features, the most interesting of which is the absence of aural discharge throughout the preoperative course of the disease. It is difficult to picture in one's mind an acute suppuration within the middle ear, accompanied by suppurative mastoiditis with subperiosteal abscess, without a ruptured or incised drum head and aural discharge, and yet such cases do occur and have been reported. <h3>REPORT OF CASE</h3> C. B., a woman, aged 19, seen by me in consultation with her regular medical attendant, April 4, 1923, did not appear to be very ill, was ambulatory, and had been so from the beginning of her ailment, although she had been having a low, irregular elevation of temperature. Over the left mastoid process was a
Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Joseph C. Fratantoni, Paul Ness, Toby L. Simon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

ALTHOUGH many details of the process of thrombogenesis are unclear, it is generally thought that it involves both platelet activity (adhesion and aggregation) and fibrin formation.1 , 2 Both processes appear to be active in arterial and venous thrombogenesis, although their relative importance is not certain. In any event, physiologic fibrinolysis is theoretically important in the resolution of both arterial and venous thrombi, and agents which enhance this process may function as thrombolytic agents. Experimental studies dealing with this hypothesis have been extensive and are generally reviewed elsewhere.3 , 4 More recently, a number of clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate thrombolytic therapy. . . .