tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interferon-gamma induces the synthesis and activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2.
Authors: T Wu, S J Levine, M G Lawrence, C Logun, C W Angus, J H Shelhamer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Both IFN-alpha/beta and IFN-gamma have recently been demonstrated to induce a rapid but transient activation of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts and a human neuroblastoma cell line. We report that IFN-gamma induces the synthesis and prolonged activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) in a human bronchial epithelial cell line (BEAS 2B). Treatment of the cells with IFN-gamma (300 U/ml) increased the release of [3H]arachidonic acid (AA) from prelabeled cells with a maximal effect at 12 h after stimulation. The increased [3H]AA release was inhibited by the PLA2 inhibitor p-bromophenacyl bromide (10(-5) M). Calcium ionophore A23187 (10(-5) M) further increased the [3H]AA release from the IFN-gamma-treated cells. Subcellular enzyme activity assay revealed that IFN-gamma increased PLA2 activity in both the cytosol and membrane fractions with a translocation of the cPLA2 to cell membranes in a Ca(2+)-free cell lysing buffer. Treatment with IFN-gamma also induced the release of 15-HETE, an arachidonic acid metabolite. Immunoblot showed that IFN-gamma induced the synthesis of cPLA2 protein. Nuclear run-on assay demonstrated that IFN-gamma initiated cPLA2 gene transcription within 15 min, and this effect was sustained at 4 h and returned to near control level at 12 h. The cPLA2 mRNA level was assayed by reverse transcription and PCR. IFN-gamma was found to increase the cPLA2 mRNA after 2-24 h treatment. Furthermore, the IFN-gamma induced cPLA2 mRNA increase was blocked by inhibitors of protein kinase C and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinases, suggesting the involvement of these protein kinases in IFN-gamma-induced gene expression of cPLA2. This study shows that IFN-gamma induces the synthesis and prolonged activation of cPLA2.
Case 8-1967
Authors: Cecil H. Coggins, Sanford I. Roth
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Presentation of CaseA sixty-nine-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of confusion and vomiting.Ten years previously he underwent partial gastrectomy at another hospital because of a duodenal ulcer. At that time the urine had a specific gravity of 1.010, and the sediment contained 1 to 3 white cells and 0 to 2 red cells per high-power field. The hemoglobin was 14.4 gm. per 100 ml. The nonprotein nitrogen was 80 mg. and eleven days later was 46 mg. per 100 ml. He subsequently seemed healthy to members of his family until two weeks before admission, when he . . .
17β-Estradiol Antagonizes Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Autocrine/Paracrine Stimulation of a Guanylyl Cyclase A Receptor-Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinase Pathway
Authors: Fawzi A. Babiker, Leon J. De Windt, Martin van Eickels, Victor Thijssen, Ronald J.P. Bronsaer, Christian Grohé, Marc van Bilsen, Pieter A. Doevendans
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Significant gender-related differences exist in the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In addition, administration of 17beta-estradiol (E2) to ovariectomized female mice attenuates the development of LVH, demonstrating an antagonistic role for E2 in this process, although no molecular mechanism has been proposed for this phenomenon.E2 attenuated phenylephrine and endothelin-1 induced hypertrophy in neonatal cardiomyocytes, and E2 directly induced atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) expression as assessed by Northern blot, immunocytochemical analyses, and transient transfection assays using ANF promoter deletion fragments. Both the antihypertrophic effects and ANF induction could be blocked by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780, which demonstrates a genomic, estrogen receptor-dependent pathway. To mimic E2-induced autocrine/paracrine effects through stimulation of the guanylyl cyclase A receptor (ANF receptor), cardiomyocytes were stimulated with phenylephrine or endothelin-1 in the presence of exogenous ANF or 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), both of which attenuated agonist-induced hypertrophy. Both estrogen and ANF increased cGMP activity. The antihypertrophic effect of ANF could be reduced with extracellular ANF antibodies in a dose-dependent manner. cGMP-dependent protein kinase mediates the antihypertrophic effects of E2, so cardiomyocytes were agonist stimulated in the presence of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase blocker KT-5823. KT-5823 not only reversed the antihypertrophic properties of E2, ANF, or 8-bromo-cGMP, but also evoked potentiation of hypertrophy.E2-mediated induction of ANF in cardiac hypertrophy contributes to its antagonistic effects in LVH.
Care of Pregnant Patients With Asthma
Authors: Stuart C. Alexander
Journal: JAMA (1979)

To the Editor.—  My colleague and I read the recent STATE OF THE ART article by Weinstein et al (241:1161, 1979), and while we found the article to be an excellent guideline to assist physicians in the care of pregnant patients with asthma, we object to what we hope is an inadvertent omission.  authors state: The management of asthma in the pregnant patient requires cooperation between the obstetrician and the allergist. As chest physicians, we are keenly aware of the omission of a group of physicians who care for many asthmatic patients. In our hospital, as in many others we are sure, the inpatient care of the severe asthmatic is almost exclusively handled by pulmonary specialists and, to a lesser degree, general internists. We would not like to be left with the impression that the care of the pregnant asthmatic is the exclusive province of the allergist and obstetrician.
Role of the kidney in regulating plasma immunoreactive beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone.
Authors: A G Smith, S Shuster, A J Thody, F Alvarez-Ude, D N Kerr
Journal: BMJ (1976)

An analysis of the factors that influence the increase in plasma immunoreactive beta-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (beta-MSH) concentration in chronic renal failure showed that: (a) the increase correlated with the increase in serum creatinine concentrations; (b) beta-MSH was not cleared from the plasma by haemodialysis; (c) beta-MSH concentrations increased with length of time on dialysis and increased further after bilateral nephrectomy but there was no further increase with time; (d) beta-MSH levels decreased to normal after renal transplantation; and (e) beta-MSH was excreted in urine only when plasma levels rose to well above those of chronic renal failure (in Nelson's syndrome). These findings suggest that the kidney regulated plasma beta-MSH by a non-excretory mechanism and is the major site of beta-MSH metabolism.
Mechanism of nitrofen teratogenesis.
Authors: J M Manson
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1986)

Nitrofen (2,4-dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether) is an herbicide with potent teratogenic activity in rats. When administered at doses as low as 0.15 mg/kg/day during organogenesis, abnormal development of the heart, kidneys, diaphragm, and lung occurs. The specific pattern of visceral malformations produced in the absence of overt maternal toxicity or embryolethality/cytotoxicity suggest that the compound perturbs processes unique or highly selective for embryonic differentiation. Despite findings of metabolic activation to mutagenic intermediates and carcinogenic activity in adult rodents, several lines of evidence indicate that teratogenicity is not based on mutagenic insult to the embryo. Rather, evidence is accumulating that nitrofen exerts a teratogenic effect via alterations in thyroid hormone status. The premature and pharmacologic exposure of the embryo to a nitrofen-derived thyromimetic challenge is believed to be the cause of abnormal morphogenesis of the heart, lungs, kidneys, and diaphragm. The parent compound itself could directly bind to embryonic nuclear receptors for T3, leading to altered differentiation of target organs. Alternatively, increased availability and placental transport of free thyroid hormones in the maternal compartment could be the source of thyromimetic challenge to the embryo. Overall, these studies indicate that, in the case of nitrofen, the mode of teratogenic activity is uniquely different from the mode of adult toxicity.
Abstract LB-98: DDB1 interacts with Cdh1 and modulates the function of APCCdh1
Authors: Xiao-Bin Lv, Yi-Xin Zeng, Tiebang Kang
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Control of cell cycle division by the anaphase promoting complex or cyclosome (APC/C) ubiquitin ligase depends on its coactivators, two WD40 repeat proteins, Cdc20 and Cdh1. APC/CCdh1 becomes active during mitotic exit and has essential targets in G1 phase by poorly understood mechanisms. In this report, we provide evidence that DDB1 (Damaged DNA-binding protein 1), a recently identified protein interacting with numerous proteins containing WD40 domains, is capable of binding with the WD40 domains of Cdh1, but not of Cdc20, through its BPA and BPC domains. Moreover, cells lacking DDB1 exhibit markedly elevated protein levels of the substrates for APC/CCdh1, and mitotic cells depleting DDB1 significantly delay mitotic exit, demonstrating that such an interaction between DDB1 and Cdh1 plays a critical role in regulating APC/CCdh1 activity. On the contrary, cells depleting Cdh1 have no effect on the UV-induced degradation of Cdt1, the main function of DDB1 as an E3 ligase. Strikingly, the APCCdh1 substrates are normal in the cells knock-down of Cul4A and CulB, which along with DDB1 forms an E3 ligase complex, indicating that DDB1 modulates the function of APCCdh1 in a manner independent on the Cul4-DDB1 complex. Taken together, DDB1 may functionally regulate the normal mitotic exit by modulating APCCdh1 activity, revealing for the first time that three E3 ligases, DDB1, Cdh1, and Skp2, may cooperate to tightly control cell cycle division. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-98.
Pexelizumab and the APEX AMI Trial—Reply
Authors: John W. Eikelboom, Martin O’Donnell
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Growth of the Normal Aorta and of the Anastomotic Site in Infants Following Surgical Resection of Coarctation of the Aorta
Authors: ARTHUR J. MOSS, FORREST H. ADAMS, BERNARD J. O'LOUGHLIN, WILFRID J. DIXON
Journal: Circulation (1959)

Observations were made on the growth of the anastomotic site 2 to 4 years after surgical resection of coaretation of the aorta in 5 infants who were less than 2 years of age at the time of surgery. Aortic measurements were made from biplane angiocardiograms. The physiologic adequacy of the anastomotic site was demonstrated by absence of a gradient in direct pressure measurements between the upper and lower extremities. Additional observations on the normal growth of the descending thoracic aorta were made from studies in 154 subjects with other forms of heart disease. They ranged in age from 2 days to 74 years.
Atypical Femoral Fractures and Bone Turnover
Authors: Sophie A. Jamal, Natalie Dion, Louis-Georges Ste-Marie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

A bone biopsy performed in a woman treated with bisphosphonates who had bilateral atypical femoral fractures did not reveal decreased bone turnover, suggesting the possibility that fractures associated with bisphosphonate use are not due to oversuppression of bone turnover.
1295 SERUM VITAMIN D IS INVERSELY ASSOCIATED WITH NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN GENERAL POPULATION
Authors: D. Kim, G.E. Chung, S.H. Lim, J.Y. Yim, M.J. Park, W. Kim, Y.J. Kim, J.-H. Yoon, H.-S. Lee
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Clogging and the Cultural Enrichment Program
Authors: Joseph E. Hardison
Journal: JAMA (1982)

When I was 16 years old, I went to a mountain folk and music festival in Asheville, NC. There, I saw and heard people clog for the first time. I was enthralled. I have never been witness to anything I couldn't do that I wanted to do so badly. I returned home to Smyrna, Ga, where it seemed that no one knew anything about clogging. I was determined to learn, even though I didn't know the first step. I bought a record that I thought had the right beat—"Toot-Toot-Tootsie, Goodbye." I stomped and jumped around in time to the music, but I definitely was not clogging. Summer was almost gone and I had made no progress. My mother and father were talking about me in subdued voices. "Toot-Toot-Tootsie, Goodbye" was scratched and warped. Then suddenly one day it clicked. I have never been happier. I went back to Asheville knowing
International Union of Pharmacology. XXXI. Recommendations for the Nomenclature of Multimeric G Protein-Coupled Receptors
Authors: M. Spedding
Journal: Pharmacological Reviews (2002)

A receptor is defined by the International Union of Pharmacology Committee on Receptor Nomenclature and Drug Classification (NC-IUPHAR) as a protein, or a complex of proteins, which recognizes physiologically relevant ligands that can regulate the protein to mediate cellular events (Ruffolo et al., 2000). This definition does not include associated proteins, which are not required for agonist recognition and/or receptor assembly. Thus, G proteins are not included in the nomenclature of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Similarly, proteins which modify receptor disposition, such as proteins with a PDZ domain (Sheng and Sala, 2001), and which associate with the cytosolic portion of the receptor are not included. The question arises, however, as to the way to name multimeric receptors where subunits influence receptor assembly and agonist recognition. The essential issue is whether to name the individual proteins or the association of proteins? NC-IUPHAR recommends that, where possible, the functional receptor complex be given a different name from that of the subunits.
Information, Mechanism and Meaning
Authors: W. C. Ellerbroek
Journal: JAMA (1970)

These reprints, dating from 1950, present first three talks from BBC's Third Programme, intended to be a "popular" introduction to information and communication theories. The more technical papers in the second section try to relate these ideas to human communication. The author makes clear the differences between the two theories, and delineates three types of information: structural (Gabor's logons), metrical (Fisher's metrons), and probabalistic (Shannon's "bits"). He then tries to construct a mechanistic theory of "meaning," while valiantly avoiding behavioral language. The resulting models, even when strained at the seams, make a rather poor fit, and perhaps reveal more about MacKay's ingenuity than they do about human communication. His geometrical vector model for the semantic load is particularly unsuitable, and pragmatically presents more problems than it solves. Possibly MacKay, comfortable with his sender-channel-receiver model, errs in hypothesizing that the simplest explanation (complicated enough) is the most likely, when trying to
Eating a light diet during labour
Authors: S. Downe
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Does not seem to worsen obstetric outcomes

The obstetric textbook Midwifery by Ten Teachers , published in 1931, states that “the patient should be encouraged to take light food during the first stage of labour.”1 In 2000, the Guide to Effective Care in Pregnancy and Childbirth noted, “that food and drink should be withheld once labour has commenced is almost universally accepted in hospital care.”2

In the linked randomised controlled trial (doi:10.1136/bmj.b784), O’Sullivan and colleagues assess the effect of allowing women to eat a light diet during labour on the spontaneous vaginal delivery rate.3 The authors provide evidence in their introduction that professional attitudes and clinical practices in relation to eating during labour still vary greatly within and between countries. Some maternity units limit oral intake to ice chips and drinks of water for all women in labour. This is to minimise the risk of pulmonary aspiration (Mendelson’s syndrome) …
Incidental Visualization of Pituitary Tumors During Brain SPECT Imaging with Tc-99m HMPAO
Authors: ARNO GATTINGER, G??NTHER GALVAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

In three female patients, 70, 72, and 81 years old, with proven large pituitary tumors, Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amineoxime (HMPAO) brain SPECT was performed because of clinical signs of disturbed brain perfusion. In all three cases, an increased uptake was found in the pituitary tumor; to our knowledge, this has not been reported in the literature. We did not see an increased uptake in other patients with various types of pituitary tumors.
ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL FRACTIONS AND MEASURES OF PLATELET AGGREGATION IN PATIENTS WITH PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL DISEASE
Authors: Salim S. Virani, Vijay Nambi, Husam Athamneh, Anirudh Kumar, Angela L. Bergeron, Justin Saunders, Eric Yang, Carlos Bechara, Joel D. Morrisett, Changyi Chen, Peter H. Lin, Alan B. Lumsden, Jing-fei Dong, Christie M. Ballantyne
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Does home visiting prevent childhood injury? A systematic review of randomised controlled trials
Authors: I. Roberts, M. S Kramer, S. Suissa
Journal: BMJ (1996)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To quantify the effectiveness of home visiting programmes in the prevention of child injury and child abuse. <b>Design</b>: Systematic review of 11 randomised controlled trials of home visiting programmes. Pooled odds ratios were estimated as an inverse variance weighted average of the study specific odds ratios. <b>Setting</b>: Randomised trials that were available by April 1995. <b>Subjects</b>: The trials comprised 3433 participants. <b>Results</b>: Eight trials examined the effectiveness of home visiting in the prevention of childhood injury. The pooled odds ratio for the eight trials was 0.74 (95% confidence interval 0.60 to 0.92). Four studies examined the effect of home visiting on injury in the first year of life. The pooled odds ratio was 0.98 (0.62 to 1.53). Nine trials examined the effect of home visiting on the occurrence of suspected abuse, reported abuse, or out of home placement for child abuse. Because of the potential for bias in outcome reporting in these studies, pooled effect estimates were not calculated. <b>Conclusions</b>: Home visiting programmes have the potential to reduce significantly the rates of childhood injury. The problem of differential surveillance for child abuse between intervention and control groups precludes the use of reported abuse as a valid outcome measure in controlled trials of home visiting. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages Home visiting has been proposed as a prevention strategy, but the results from randomised trials are conflicting This systematic review of randomised trials shows that home visiting can substantially reduce rates of child injury No consistent effect on child abuse was found, but differential surveillance for child abuse between visited groups and control groups is an important weakness in many trials The role of health visitors and non-professionals in the prevention of child injury deserves further attention
Metastatic Renal-Cell Carcinoma: What Causes Occasional Dramatic Regressions?
Authors: Robert C. Young
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Renal-cell carcinoma constitutes about 2 percent of all cancers, and its incidence is steadily rising. The sporadic form of the disease usually presents in the fifth, sixth, or seventh decade of life, often with locally advanced tumors that are diagnosed after patients notice hematuria or flank pain or present with an abdominal mass. These tumors are twice as common in men as in women, and most arise from the renal cortex. The uncommon familial forms of the disease, seen in disorders such as von Hippel–Lindau disease and tuberous sclerosis, are associated with t(3;8), t(3;6), and t(3;11) translocations.1 Surgery remains the . . .
The automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator: Efficacy, complications and survival in patients with malignant ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: Patricia A. Kelly, David S. Cannom, Hasan Garan, Gloria S. Mirabal, J.Warren Harthorne, Richard J. Hurvitz, Gus J. Vlahakes, Marshall L. Jacobs, Joseph P. Ilvento, Mortimer J. Buckley, Jeremy N. Ruskin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1988)
Outcome of Chinese patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) underwent allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation (BMT)
Authors: C.K. Lee, A.K.W. Lie, R. Liang, W.Y. Au, F.E. Chen, C.S. Chim, Y.L. Kwong
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1999)

Clinical studies have shown that patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) treated with allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation (BMT) experience not only prolonged disease-free survival but also complete cure in some. Therefore, we followed a cohort of 81 Chinese patients who received allogeneic BMT.The donors were either relatives (65 siblings, 1 parent) or unrelated volunteers (15). BMT was performed at a median interval of 11.6 months from diagnosis of CML, and the stages of disease before BMT were: first chronic phase (60 patients), accelerated or second chronic phase in (10 patients), and blastic crisis (11 patients). Three conditioning regimens were employed: Bu-Cy, Cy-TBI, or Bu-Cy-TBI. Standard cyclosporin and short methotrexate protocol were used for acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) prophylaxis.There were five graft failures with three after related BMT. Patients after related or unrelated BMT had a comparable rate of neutrophil recovery (median = 22 days), but significant delay in platelet recovery occurred after unrelated BMT (median = 34 vs. 20 days, P < 0.05). The latter also had higher incidence of acute GvHD (73% vs. 41%, P < 0.05), although the incidence of chronic GvHD was not different between groups. At a median follow-up of 43.5 months, patients after related BMT had a significantly better rate of disease-free survival (68% vs. 37.3%, P < 0.05) and overall survival (81% vs. 38.9%, P < 0.05) at 4 years. Subgroup analysis of patients after related BMT showed the outcome was better when they were transplanted at first chronic phase. Multivariate analysis showed that advanced disease (RR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.48-2.73) significantly worsened the outcome of BMT, whereas the presence of chronic GvHD had a protective effect against relapse and survival (RR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02-0.38).Allogeneic BMT is a curative form of treatment for patients with CML. Treatment outcome is best for those who undergo transplants from HLA-matched siblings during the first chronic phase.