tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Synergism Between Small Doses of Total-Body and Local X Radiation to Transplanted Mouse Tumors&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Melvin R. Sikov, James E. Lofstrom
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Journal Article Synergism Between Small Doses of Total-Body and Local X Radiation to Transplanted Mouse Tumors Get access Melvin R. Sikov, Melvin R. Sikov Department of Radiology, Wayne State University College of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar James E. Lofstrom James E. Lofstrom Department of Radiology, Wayne State University College of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 26, Issue 6, June 1961, Pages 1335–1347, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/26.6.1335 Published: 01 June 1961 Article history Received: 21 October 1960 Revision received: 07 February 1961 Published: 01 June 1961
Neurophysiological and functional assessment in patients with difficult asthma control
Authors: Fabiana Canuto, João Corrêa, Luciana Sampaio, Roberto Stirbulov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Asthma usually responds to treatment with inhaled corticosteroids (with or without the addition of long-acting beta agonists or other drugs) and that means no symptoms and normal lung function or as close to normal as possible. Now, when asthma is inadequately controlled despite a therapeutic strategy adapted and tailored to the level of clinical severity, indicated by a specialist and at least six months duration is regarded Difficult Asthma Control (DAC).

Objective: To evaluate the functional and neurophysiological aspects of patients with DAC.

Method: We performed a cross-sectional study in three groups of patients: DACC (making use of oral corticosteroids), DACO (which makes use of omalizumab) and GC (healthy controls of similar age). The evaluation was made by testing six-minute walk. Sit-ups test, static balance with the pressure platform, monosynaptics reflexes (patellar and Achilles) and quadriceps strength of the dominant leg.

Results: Asthmatic patients have reduced functional capacity, seen testing the six minute walk test and sit-ups (p <0.05), and patients who use oral corticosteroids showed a reduction in the strength of the quadriceps compared to control (p <0.05).
A functional and radiological multiparametric approach to the study of parenchymal features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Riccardo Inchingolo, Giuseppe Corbo, Andrea Smargiassi, Giulia Patricelli, Giuseppe Macis, Anna Rita Larici, Michele Amato, Salvatore Valente
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) includes a range of changes ranging from chronic bronchitis to emphysema.  We evaluated if integration of lung function tests and computed tomography (CT) scan allows a better characterization of patient with COPD.  23 patients (5 females) underwent lung function test and six-minute walk test (6mWT).  We used a third-generation, continuous-rotation helical 64-rows CT scanner with volume acquisition to measure extent of emphysema (per cent and absolute value) at full inspiration and at the end of forced expiration.  The extent of emphysema corresponding to lung volume with attenuation between -950 and -1024 HU at TLC [Emphysema Index TLC (EITLC)] and RV [Emphysema Index RV (EIRV)] was evaluated.  EITLC was 1.21 ± 0.96 L whereas EIRV was equal to 0.76 ± 0.57 L and CT measurements of lung volumes were directly related to static lung volumes.  Both EITLC and EIRV were related to the ratios FEV 1 /FVC, FEV 1  (% of predicted), TGV, RV and TLC.  Emphysema extent was explained by multiple regression model:  EIRV = – 2.12 + 0.02 × ΔAaO 2  + 0.29 × TGV + 0.05 × Expiratory time + 0.28 × Sex (r 2  = 0.75, p = 0.0001)  EITLC = – 3.00 + 0.04 × ΔAaO 2  + 0.38 × TLC + 0.31 × Sex (r 2  = 0.49, p = 0.0064).  Patients with both EITLC and EIRV > median value of each index showed the emphysema extent related to FEV 1 /FVC, FEF 25-75%  and mean SpO 2  during 6mWT.  Emphysema, assessed by CT scan, could be explained by lung function measurements reflecting lung hyperinflation and the impairment of pulmonary gas exchange. Emphysema extent, indipendent of lung volume, is related to indices of expiratory flow limitation.
Genomic Characterization of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
Authors: John P. Sfakianos, Eugene K. Cha, Gopa Iyer, Sasinya N. Scott, Emily C. Zabor, Ronak H. Shah, Qinghu Ren, Aditya Bagrodia, Philip H. Kim, A. Ari Hakimi, Irina Ostrovnaya, Ricardo Ramirez, Aphrothiti J. Hanrahan, Neil B. Desai, Arony Sun, Patrizia Pinciroli, Jonathan E. Rosenberg, Guido Dalbagni, Nikolaus Schultz, Dean F. Bajorin, Victor E. Reuter, Michael F. Berger, Bernard H. Bochner, Hikmat A. Al-Ahmadie, David B. Solit, Jonathan A. Coleman
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Adjuvant CMFVP versus melphalan for operable breast cancer with positive axillary nodes: 10-year results of a Southwest Oncology Group Study.
Authors: S E Rivkin, S Green, B Metch, H Glucksberg, N Gad-el-Mawla, J J Constanzi, B Hoogstraten, J Athens, T Maloney, C K Osborne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Four hundred forty-one women with operable breast cancer with histologically positive axillary nodes were randomized to receive either combination cyclophosphamide (60 mg/m2 orally everyday for 1 year); fluorouracil (300 mg/m2 intravenously [IV] weekly for 1 year); methotrexate (15 mg/m2 IV weekly for 1 year); vincristine (0.625 mg/m2 IV for 10 weeks); prednisone (30 mg/m2 orally days 1 to 14, 20 mg/m2 days 15 to 28, 10 mg/m2 days 29 to 42) (CMFVP) or single-agent melphalan (L-PAM) (5 mg/m2 orally every day for 5 days every 6 weeks for 2 years) chemotherapy after a modified or radical mastectomy between January 1975 and February 1978. Patients were stratified according to menopausal status and number of positive nodes (one to three, more than three nodes) before randomization. Seventy-eight patients were ineligible, most (56) because they were registered more than 42 days from surgery. Maximum duration of follow-up is 12 years, with a median of 9.8 years. The treatment arms were balanced with respect to age, menopausal status, and number of positive nodes. Among eligible patients, disease-free survival and survival were superior with CMFVP (P = .002, .005, respectively). At 10 years, 48% of patients treated with CMFVP remain alive and disease-free and 56% remain alive, compared with 35% alive and disease-free and 43% alive on the L-PAM arm. Disease-free survival and survival were significantly better with CMFVP compared with L-PAM only in premenopausal patients and patients with four or more positive nodes. Both regimens were well tolerated, although toxicity was more severe and more frequent with CMFVP. We conclude that after 10 years of follow-up, adjuvant combination chemotherapy with CMFVP is superior to single-agent L-PAM in patients with axillary node-positive primary breast cancer. The major advantage is in premenopausal women and in patients with more than three positive axillary nodes.
Stage IA and IIA supradiaphragmatic Hodgkin's disease: prognostic factors in surgically staged patients treated with mantle and paraaortic irradiation.
Authors: P Mauch, N Tarbell, H Weinstein, B Silver, T Goffman, R Osteen, A Zajac, C N Coleman, G Canellos, D Rosenthal
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

A total of 315 pathologically staged (PS) patients with IA and IIA Hodgkin's disease (HD) were treated with mantle and paraaortic irradiation, and evaluated for freedom-from-first relapse (FFR), survival, prognostic factors, and long-term complications. The 14-year actuarial FFR and survival were 82% and 93%, respectively, with a median follow-up time of 9 years. Mediastinal size was the only factor that predicted for a lower FFR, P less than .001. Forty-nine patients have developed recurrent HD. Thirty-six patients are disease-free following retreatment and only 13 patients have died of HD. Patients with mixed cellularity (MC) histology were more likely to relapse below the diaphragm (11%) as compared with patients with nodular sclerosis (NS) (5.1%) or lymphocyte predominant (LP) (3.6%) histology. These relapses were often associated with bulky pelvic nodal adenopathy and salvage treatment with chemotherapy alone often failed to control recurrent disease. Alternative diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations are presented for these patients. Thyroid abnormalities represented the most common long-term complication with an actuarial risk at 16 years of 37%. Major complications were rare. Mantle and paraaortic irradiation is associated with a high FFR and a low risk of complications and should remain standard treatment for early-stage HD.
Hospital Readmissions for Childhood Asthma
Authors: Gordon R. Bloomberg, Kathryn M. Trinkaus, Edwin B. Fisher, Judith R. Musick, Robert C. Strunk
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

Studies of asthma admissions in the St. Louis metropolitan area have disclosed substantial numbers of children with readmissions. To determine the magnitude of readmissions and attributes of children with readmissions, a retrospective analysis of 8,761 children with 14,905 asthma hospitalizations for January 1, 1990 through December 31, 1999 at the two university affiliated children's hospitals in St. Louis was undertaken. Patient attributes of age, sex, race/ethnicity, residence, payor status, length of stay, and month of admission were compared between patients admitted once during that period and patients admitted multiple times. Main outcome measures were the total number of admissions and time to readmission during the study interval. A Lin, Wei, Yang, and Ying model of time to readmission showed that African-American children with Medicaid or no insurance are at higher risk of readmission (risk ratio 1.28) than are African-American patients with commercial insurance or white/other race/ethnicity patients regardless of insurance. Probability of readmission increased from 30% after a first admission, 46% after a second, and 59% after a third. Prior admission was a more specific indicator of readmission with greater positive predictive value than ethnicity or insurance status or their combination.
Evaluation of balance and investigation of its influences in patients with COPD
Authors: Serap Acar, Ismail Özsoy, Buse Özcan, Sema Savci, Sevgi Özalevli, Atila Akkoçlu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction and Objective: It has been reported in recent studies that balance disorders and fall risks increases in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of this study was to determine the risk of falling, balance exposure and related factors in patients with COPD.  Materials and Methods: Fourteen patients with COPD (mean age: 66.64 ± 9.22 years) and sixteen healthy individuals (mean age: 69.43 ± 4.88 years) were studied. Pulmonary function test was performed. Exercise capacity was assessed with 6 Minute Walk Test (6MWT) and history of falls was questioned. Balance was evaluated with Berg Balance Test and Neurocom Balance Master System. Quadriceps muscle strength was measured by hand-held dynomometer.  Results: Pulmonary function test values and walking distances of COPD patients were statistically significantly lower than the healthy subjects (p
Efficacy and safety of an anti-retroviral combination regimen including either efavirenz or lopinavir–ritonavir with a backbone of two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Authors: P. Panagopoulos, S. Tsiodras, A. Antoniadou, I. Katsarolis, A. Papadopoulos, G. Poulakou, H. Giamarellou
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2006)
Subacute Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Induced by Mitotane
Authors: Ander Mayor-Ibarguren, María Concepción Roldán-Puchalt, Cristina Gómez-Fernández, Fátima Albízuri-Prado, Cristina Álvarez-Escola
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Discussion | Cystinosis is caused by the accumulation of free cystine within lysosomes. 1 Cystine is derived from protein degradation within the lysosome and is normally transported through the lysosomal membrane to the cytosol where it is transformed into cysteine and reused. 5In cystinosis, a mutation in the CTNS gene (on chromosome 17p13), 6 which encodes cystinosin, leads to a defect in the transport system.The low solubility of cystine leads to the precipitation of intracellular needle-shaped crystals as lysosomal cystine levels rise. 3The accumulation of cystine in various tissues in the body has been known to cause renal failure as well as extrarenal effects leading to ocular, hepatic, thyroid, pancreatic, muscular, dental, gonadal, and neurologic tissue damage. 1,3owever, we know of only 3 prior reports of cutaneous accumulation of cystine crystals in patients with cystinosis.The first 2 published reports described subcutaneous infiltration of a palpable amorphous material with skin atrophy and telangiectasia mimicking premature aging 2 and scattered small erythematous hyperkeratotic macules and papules on sunexposed areas. 3The third published report involved normalappearing skin on the forearms of patients with infantile cystinosis examined with in vivo reflectance confocal microscopy. 4o our knowledge, the present case report is the first to describe multiple skin-colored, dome-shaped, firm facial papules in a patient with long-term cystinosis.A definitive diagnosis of cystinosis can be made based on an elevated cystine content in peripheral blood leukocytes. 1 Early detection of cystinosis is crucial because early treatment with oral cysteamine improves growth and survival, prevents hypothyroidism, reduces ocular impairment, and can preserve renal function. 1Given the improved prognosis for patients with cystinosis who receive renal transplantation and/or cysteamine therapy, the prevalence of extrarenal effects, including cutaneous manifestations, may become more apparent over time.Finally, examination of biopsy specimens under electron microscopy may be required to accurately diagnosis cutaneous cystinosis.
Uterine Cervical Carcinoma in Connecticut, 1935–1973: Evidence for Two Classes of Invasive Disease2
Authors: Patrick W. Laskey, J. Wister Meigs, John T. Flannery
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

The Connecticut Tumor Registry recorded 5,781 women with carcinoma in situ (CIS) and 7,614 with invasive cervical cancer from 1935 to 1973. True incidence rates for invasive disease were calculated. CIS rates indicated newly diagnosed cases, but true CIS incidence is unknown. Starting in 1945-49, the incidence of invasive cervical declined about 20% in Connecticut before CIS screening could have influenced the disease to that extent. Continuing declines in invasive disease rates after 1955 in Connecticut were probably attributable largely to screening. The persistent occurrence of invasive disease in screened populations and the rapid progression of cancer, with early death among some women with apparently localized disease at diagnosis, suggested that a second class of invasive cervical cancer may exist. Cancers in this class may develop and progress rapidly without a practical possibility of detection in the premalignant stage by cytologic methods. Other screening methods, e.g., metabolic, hormonal, immunologic, or virologic, may be required to control this disease.
Cardiovascular responses to maximal expiratory pressure and valsalva maneuver in healthy men
Authors: Vinicius Minatel, Marlus Karsten, Amanda Tiemi Shimojo, Isabella Gracindo Pissinato, Audrey Borghi-Silva, Aparecida Maria Catai
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background/Aim: The respiratory assessment, mainly the measure of maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), has some contraindications because of similarity with the Valsalva maneuver (VM). The objective of this study was evaluated the cardiovascular responses during MEP and identify if this measure reproduces the responses obtained in VM. Methods: 19 healthy men participated in this study, 11 young (23±3 years) and 8 middle-age (45±3 years), divided in two groups – G1 and G2, respectively. They performed the VM (3x) with 40mmHg of oral pressure during 15s, at the sitting position using different mouthpieces (one with a leak of 2mm and another without). The MEP (5x) was performed from total lung capacity, according ATS/ERS in the same conditions of VM. We analyzed during VM and MEP: the heart rate variation (ΔHR) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure variation (ΔSBP, ΔDBP), and the MEP and Valsalva index (MEPI, VI). ANOVA three-way with Holm-Sidak post-hoc test (p<0.05) was employed to analyses de effect of maneuvers, groups and mouthpiece. Results: We observed that VM have values of ΔSBP (VM: 11±8 mmHg; MEP: 6±6 mmHg), ΔHR (VM: 40±11 bpm; MEP: 22±6 bpm) and indexes (IV: 2.0±0.4; IMEP: 1.5±0.2) were bigger than MEP (p<0.05), independent of the group or the mouthpiece. When we analyzed the groups influence we observed that G2 have higher values of ΔSBP and ΔDBP than G1 (p<0.05), but not to VI and MEPI (p=0.001). The mouthpiece effect was observed only in ΔDBP (p=0.006) and the piece without leak had the biggest values. Conclusion: At the studied condition the MEP does not reproduce the cardiovascular responses observed in VM in healthy men.

Financial support: CNPq, FAPESP.
P53 The contrasting effect of octanoate and oleate on phosphatase and tensin homologue expression in in vitro model of steatosis using HepG2/C3A cells
Authors: K A Lockman, N Plevris, C Pemberton, P Cowan, P Lee, A Pryde, P C Hayes, C Filippi, J N Plevris
Journal: Gut (2010)

Introduction  The tumour suppressor phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is mutated or deleted in several human cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma. PTEN-deficient mice demonstrated triglyceride accumulation, steatohepatitis, progressing to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Similarly, reduced PTEN expression with free fatty acid (FFA) oleate has been shown to promote hepatic steatosis. In other cancer, mitochondrial respiration defect with enhanced glycolysis and NADH formation has been suggested to be a key event in PTEN downregulation.  Aim  Our aims were to examine whether i) medium chain FFA octanoate altered PTEN expression ii) PTEN downregulation with FFA was associated with hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction.  Method  Human hepatoblastoma cell line HepG2/C3A was pretreated for 3 days with oleate (0.25 mM) or octanoate (2 mM). PTEN expression was determined using quantitative real time PCR. Mitochondrial function was measured using BDTM oxygen biosensor in the presence of 2,4 dinitrophenol. Lactate and pyruvate concentrations were measured in the supernatant to determine glycolytic activity and NADH/NAD+ ratio. Intracellular lipid accumulation was confirmed with triglyceride concentrations. Experiments were done in triplicate to n=3. Results are expressed in mean±SEM. Differences between groups were analysed by one-way ANOVA.  Results  We have previously demonstrated that oleate and octanoate pretreatment resulted in a similar intracellular triglyceride accumulation. In this study, we have found that despite similarities in triglyceride concentration, PTEN expression was lower in octanoate pretreated cells (octanoate 0.84±0.06, oleate 1.18±0.12, untreated 1.19±0.12 fold change from b-actin, p=0.04). However, octanoate pretreatment was not associated with impaired respiration (octanoate 0.24±0.01, oleate 0.20±0.02, untreated 0.28±0.01 AFU/gTP (gram of total protein)/min). Nevertheless, reduced PTEN expression with octanoate was associated with increased glycolysis (octanoate 315.2±42.91, oleate 100.9±14.09, untreated 145.3±8.83 μmol/gTP/hr, p=0.0001) with raised NADH/NAD ratio (octanoate 17.3±1.4, oleate 13.8±2.9 untreated 17.3±1.4; p=0.007).  Conclusion  To our knowledge, the effect of octanoate on PTEN expression has not been previously shown. In contrast to the previous finding, our data demonstrate that octanoate, not oleate, downregulates PTEN expression. Differences in glycolysis hence redox potential may have influenced the disparity in PTEN expression between these FFA. Octanoate has recently been proposed to be beneficial in weight loss and diabetes. However, our findings suggest that it may not have a favourable effect on the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
Therapy-related leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome: clinical, cytogenetic, and prognostic features.
Authors: H M Kantarjian, M J Keating, R S Walters, T L Smith, A Cork, K B McCredie, E J Freireich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

One hundred twelve patients who developed acute leukemia or a myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) after chemotherapy or irradiation for another malignancy were reviewed. The median time from initial therapy to development of secondary leukemia or MDS was 71 months (range, 7 to 331 months). The initial malignancy was hematologic in 43%. An MDS presentation occurred in 57 patients (51%), 55% of whom subsequently transformed to acute leukemia. Chromosomal abnormalities were documented in marrow specimens from 70 of 89 patients with analyzable metaphases (79%; 69% of the total group). Compared with 34 patients with metachronous secondary leukemia without prior chemotherapy or irradiation, those with therapy-related leukemia exhibited a significantly higher frequency of abnormalities of chromosomes 5 and/or 7 (43% v 18%), and lower incidence of diploid karyotypes (18% v 50%). Chromosome 5 and/or 7 abnormalities were also significantly higher in patients previously treated with alkylating agents, procarbazine, and nitrosoureas (72% to 83%), compared with those who had received cyclophosphamide-based regimens (29%), other chemotherapies (14%), or irradiation alone (29%). The median overall survival from diagnosis of the secondary leukemia or MDS was 30 weeks. Survival was significantly shorter for patients with acute leukemia compared with MDS presentation (21 v 45 weeks); in the latter category, it was similar whether evolution to acute leukemia occurred or not. Of 72 patients treated with antileukemia therapy, 29% achieved complete remission (CR). A multivariate analysis of prognostic factors demonstrated the cytogenetic pattern to be the most important characteristic determining remission rate and survival. Other important prognostic features were the morphologic presentation (MDS v acute leukemia) for probability of achieving remission, and patient age and marrow blasts percentage for survival.