tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Population-Based Twin Study of the Relationship Between Neuroticism and Internalizing Disorders
Authors: John M. Hettema, Michael C. Neale, John M. Myers, Carol A. Prescott, Kenneth S. Kendler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2006)

Objective: The anxiety and depressive disorders exhibit high levels of lifetime comorbidity with one another. The authors examined how genetic and environmental factors shared by the personality trait neuroticism and seven internalizing disorders may help explain this comorbidity. Method: Lifetime major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, agoraphobia, social phobia, animal phobia, situational phobia, and neuroticism were assessed in over 9,000 twins from male-male, female-female, and opposite-sex pairs through structured diagnostic interviews. Multivariate structural equation models were used to decompose the correlations between these phenotypes into genetic and environmental components, allowing for sex-specific factors. Results: Genetic factors shared with neuroticism accounted for between one-third and one-half of the genetic risk across the internalizing disorders. When nonsignificant gender differences were removed from the models, the genetic correlations between neuroticism and each disorder were high, while individual-specific environmental correlations were substantially lower. In addition, the authors could identify a neuroticism-independent genetic factor that significantly increased risk for major depression, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. Conclusions: There is substantial, but not complete, overlap between the genetic factors that influence individual variation in neuroticism and those that increase liability across the internalizing disorders, helping to explain the high rates of comorbidity among the latter. This may have important implications for identifying the susceptibility genes for these conditions.
Correction: Figure Legend
Authors: L. W. DUCHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1980Correction: Figure LegendL. W. DUCHEN, M.D.L. W. DUCHEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-6-875_4 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: There was an error in the legend to Figure 1 of my paper in the February supplement (1). The legends to Figures 1A and 1B were transposed....Reference1. DUCHEN L, ANJORIN A, WATKINS P, and MACKAY J. Pathology of autonomic neuropathy in diabetes mellitus. Ann Intern Med. 1980;92(Part 2):301-3. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: L. W. DUCHEN, M.D.Affiliations: Institute of Neurology London, WC1N 3BG England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1980Volume 92, Issue 6Page: 875-875 ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Retrognathia and Sleep Apnea
Authors: James B. Sweet
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Imes et al reported for the first time sleep and respiratory measurements before and after tracheotomy in a patient with sleep apnea hypersomnolence syndrome associated with retrognathia. The patient also had a posterior displacement of the tongue resulting in sleep obstruction, causing low Po<sub>2</sub>levels with associated cardiac arrhythmias and daytime hypersomnolence. The concluding statement to the article was, "Effective treatment of the sleep apnea hypersomnolence syndrome associated with retrognathia is limited to tracheotomy." We are presently conducting a research study with patients requiring orthognathic surgery, one type which is retrognathic mandibles (notice in<i>N Engl J Med</i>296:462, 1977). This type of procedure requires the surgical fracturing of the mandible, a realignment in a more anterior position, and postoperative fixation with the mouth being wired closed for a period of weeks. As the mandible is repositioned anteriorly, the tongue is also moved forward by the genioglossis
Ankylosing spondylitis and HLA-B27: restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing of an HLA-B27 allele from a patient with ankylosing spondylitis.
Authors: C.M Higgins, T Lund, M.E Shipley, A Ebringer, M Sadowska-Wroblewska, R.K Craig
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1992)

Two groups of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) from England and Poland were examined for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) associated with the disease. No preferential association was found between the 9.2 kb PvuII fragment in HLA-B27 positive patients with AS compared with HLA-B27 healthy subjects as had been previously reported. In the English group, however, a 14 kb PvuII fragment was more common in HLA-B27 positive subjects with AS than in normal controls. Also 4.6 and 3.7 kb PvuII fragments were more prevalent in subjects without AS than in the group with AS, but these results were confined to the English group. Furthermore, the sequence of an HLA-B*2705 gene isolated from a patient with AS was examined, and no significant differences were found compared with the sequence isolated from a healthy subject. There do not seem to be significant genetic differences in the coding or in the regulatory region in HLA-B27 alleles, in subjects with or without AS.
Autonomic Hyper-Reflexia — Suppression with Alpha-Adrenergic Blocking Agents
Authors: Glen W. Sizemore, William W. Winternitz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

AUTONOMIC hyper-reflexia is a complication of spinal-cord transection. It has an 85 per cent prevalence in quadriplegic patients1 and may lead to convulsions, intracranial hemorrhage and death. Cutaneous and visceral stimuli may evoke the clinical spectrum, which varies from mild paroxysmal episodes to severe chronic dysfunction. This report presents two cases in which symptoms were controlled by means of alpha-adrenergic blocking agents.Case ReportsCase 1. A 24-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with quadriplegia, with sensory perception to the 7th cervical segment, and perineal urethral stoma. A urinary infection associated with autonomic hyper-reflexia occurring up to 20 times . . .
Mechanics of the Aorta in Vivo
Authors: J. O. ARNDT, H. F. STEGALL, H. J. WICKE
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

The hydraulic properties of the unexposed thoracic aorta were studied in five cats by angiography. Repeated measurements of pressure and diameter were obtained at various distances from the aortic root, and it became obvious that the unexposed aorta in cats was more than twice as distensible as the exposed aorta. Diameter of the aortic root, for example, varied by about 20% over a physiologic pulse pressure (40 mm Hg); even in the lower thoracic aorta variations exceeded 15%. When plotted as a function of distance from the root, aortic diameter and distensibility both decreased, and the calculated impedance increased. Despite these changes, however, the calculated reflection coefficients were quite small. It was concluded that geometric and elastic inhomogeneities in the thoracic aorta tend to balance one another, keeping the reflection coefficient quite low and helping to "decouple" the oscillatory left ventricular pump from the static peripheral vasculature. Since the aortic pulse contour is reflection-free during the first 50 msec following the onset of ventricular ejection, it may reliably indicate left ventricular properties and their changes with stress. In several animals, norepinephrine infusion was used to elevate the aortic pressure to hypertensive levels. When compared to hypertension induced by carotid reflex stimulation or mechanical occlusion of the aorta, however, aortic wall properties were essentially the same, suggesting that this agent has no important direct effect on the aortic wall.
Fulminant Plasmodium falciparum Infection Treated With Exchange Blood Transfusion
Authors: Sandra L. Kramer
Journal: JAMA (1983)

A 48-year-old physician, who was not undergoing malaria chemoprophylaxis, contracted<i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>while working in eastern Thailand. In the hospital, he had a peak parasitemia of 72% RBCs infected, associated with CNS dysfunction. As an adjunct to chemotherapy, a double-volume whole-blood exchange transfusion was performed on the first hospital day, dropping the parasitemia to less than 1% within 32 hours. The patient's clinical condition improved, with a prompt reversal of CNS, hepatic, and renal complications. These results, combined with those in previously reported cases, suggest that exchange transfusion should be considered more generally as a life-saving procedure in<i>P falciparum</i>infections. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:244-245)
Clinical Features and Outcomes of Women With Unstable Ischemic Heart Disease
Authors: Jessica L. Mega, Judith S. Hochman, Benjamin M. Scirica, Sabina A. Murphy, Sarah Sloan, Carolyn H. McCabe, Piera Merlini, David A. Morrow
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The pathobiological basis of ischemic heart disease and thus the manifestations and response to therapy can differ between women and men. In prior studies, sex-based treatment differences have been observed with the antiischemic ranolazine, with a possibly diminished effect in women.We conducted a prospectively planned analysis of the clinical, biomarker, angiographic, and continuous ECG features and 1-year outcomes of women with unstable ischemic heart disease randomized to ranolazine or placebo in Metabolic Efficiency With Ranolazine for Less Ischemia in Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes-Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 36 (MERLIN-TIMI 36). Compared with men (n=4269), women (n=2291) were older with more risk factors (P<0.001). On presentation, women were less likely than men to have significant epicardial coronary artery disease (no stenosis >or=50% on angiography, 19.4% versus 8.6%; P<0.001) or elevated troponin (57.1% versus 68.9%; P<0.001). Yet, women were more likely to have an elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (47.0% versus 40.2%; P<0.001), worse median angina frequency scores (80 versus 100; P<0.001), and an ischemic episode on continuous ECG administered during the first 7 days (22.5% versus 19.3%; P=0.0025). Women and men were at similar adjusted risk for the primary end point of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or recurrent ischemia (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 0.96 to 1.29; P=0.15). Ranolazine was associated with a significant reduction in recurrent ischemia in women (13.0% versus 18.2%; hazard ratio, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.88; P=0.002).Women with a clinical syndrome consistent with unstable ischemic heart disease, despite having less obstructive coronary artery disease, were more likely than men to report anginal episodes and had more recorded ischemic periods on continuous ECG. In this setting, ranolazine may be a particularly useful antiischemic agent in women.URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00099788.
PD2-2-1: A higher expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase messenger rna is a favorable prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer with human papillomavirus 16/18 E6 protein expression
Authors: Ya-Wen Cheng, Tzu-Chin Wu, Chih-Yi Chen, Ming-Chih Chou, Huei Lee
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
After the typhoon: how volunteer doctors are bringing medical care to those most in need
Authors: J. Feinmann
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Doctors of the World was on site to help injured and homeless people in the wake of typhoon Haiyan’s devastation of the Philippines, writes <b>Jane Feinmann</b>. The charity is well versed in bringing care to the most vulnerable people all over the world, which is why the <i>BMJ </i>has chosen it for this year’s Christmas appeal. Please give generously
Abstract 5111: Nitric oxide and its role in photodynamic therapy
Authors: Marco Monroy, Pooncharas Tipgunlakant, Ursula Simonis, Raymond Esquerra
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Porphyrinic pigments are used as photosensitizers (PS) in photodynamic detection (PDD) and therapy (PDT) that is a minimally invasive modality in the fight against cancer. When the PS is activated by visible light at a given wavelength, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated, which cause cancer cells to undergo cell death. Despite significant advances, drawbacks of the PSs in clinical use include their non-selectivity in cellular-targeting causing cell death by necrosis leading to tissue inflammation. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to play a key role in modulating apoptotic cell death pathways and to react with reactive oxygen species to form additional lethal reactive nitrogen species (RNS). In our efforts to enhance the effectiveness of PDT, we set out to investigate the role of NO in PDT. We hypothesized that NO delivered to cancer cells at the time that the PS was administered would enhance the efficacy of PDT by promoting mitochondria-mediated apoptosis. To this end, we incubated androgen-sensitive human prostate adenocarcinoma (LNCaP) cells with both a PS and an NO releasing agent that was most effective in NO release as was spectrophotometrically determined by its oxidation of hemoglobin. Phototoxicity experiments were carried out at 37 OC with a noncoherent light source. Cell viability, damage and death were assessed in both illuminated and non-illuminated cells and were quantified by MTT staining as well as trypan blue and propidium iodide exclusion. To corroborate the cell viability results, we assayed clonogenic recovery in response to PDT in pigmented cells both in the presence and absence of NO. Our results indicate that the effectiveness of PDT in causing cell death depends on the NO concentration. PDT with NO alone was toxic to the cancer cells at high concentration of NO, whereas at low NO concentration no significant cell damage was observed after light illumination. PDT with the PS alone was not as effective in promoting cell death as PDT in the presence of both NO and the PS. Depending on the concentrations of the PS and NO, we observed that either necrosis or apoptosis were the prevailing modes of cell death after PDT. Our results indicate that the phototoxicity of the compounds is mainly determined by their intracellular concentration. Thus, understanding the combined effects of NO and the PSs in enhancing cell phototoxicity will aid in determining the roles that NO plays in improving the efficacy of PDT and may provide an alternate regimen to enhance PDT efficacy. Citation Format: Marco Monroy, Pooncharas Tipgunlakant, Ursula Simonis, Raymond Esquerra. Nitric oxide and its role in photodynamic therapy. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5111. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5111
Effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril on the long-term progression of left ventricular dilatation in patients with asymptomatic systolic dysfunction. SOLVD (Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction) Investigators.
Authors: M A Konstam, M W Kronenberg, M F Rousseau, J E Udelson, J Melin, D Stewart, N Dolan, T R Edens, S Ahn, D Kinan
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND Patients with heart failure and reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) manifest progressive LV dilatation, which is prevented by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. In patients with asymptomatic LV systolic dysfunction, in whom there is less activation of the renin-angiotensin system, ventricular remodeling might be less rapid and the benefit of ACE inhibitors less discernible. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred eight patients enrolled in the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD) Prevention Trial, with left ventricular ejection fraction &lt; or = 0.35 but without clinical heart failure, underwent radionuclide ventriculograms, and 49 underwent left heart catheterizations. Measurements were made before and after double-blinded randomization to enalapril (2.5 to 20 mg/d) or placebo. Repeated-measures analysis of all time points showed significant differences for change in end-diastolic volume (EDV) between enalapril and placebo groups. Significant difference between the enalapril and placebo groups (P &lt; .05) was present for change in EDV at 1 year within the catheterization study and at a mean of 25 months within the radionuclide study. Radionuclide EDV increased in placebo patients (119 +/- 28 to 124 +/- 33 mL/m2, mean +/- SD) and decreased in enalapril patients (120 +/- 25 to 113 +/- 25 mL/m2). Differences between the two groups were significantly less than previously described in patients with symptomatic heart failure (P &lt; .02), with less increase in LV volumes in the placebo group and less decrease in volumes in the enalapril group. CONCLUSIONS Chronic ACE inhibitor treatment slows or reverses LV dilatation in patients with asymptomatic LV systolic dysfunction. Compared with symptomatic patients, asymptomatic patients manifest a slower rate of spontaneous LV dilatation and less reduction in LV volumes by enalapril.
Genetic Variations of IL17F and IL23A Show Associations with Behçet’s Disease and Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Syndrome
Authors: Shengping Hou, Dan Liao, Jun Zhang, Jing Fang, Lu Chen, Jian Qi, Qi Zhang, Yunjia Liu, Lin Bai, Yan Zhou, Aize Kijlstra, Peizeng Yang
Journal: Ophthalmology (2014)
Interleukin-22 Regulates the Complement System to Promote Resistance against Pathobionts after Pathogen-Induced Intestinal Damage
Authors: Mizuho Hasegawa, Shoko Yada, Meng Zhen Liu, Nobuhiko Kamada, Raúl Muñoz-Planillo, Nhu Do, Gabriel Núñez, Naohiro Inohara
Journal: Immunity (2014)
Bronchiectasis: results of surgical and conservative management: A review of 393 cases
Authors: J. M. Sanderson, M. C. S. Kennedy, M. F. Johnson, D. C. E. Manley
Journal: Thorax (1974)

<b>Sanderson, J. M., Kennedy, M. C. S., Johnson, M. F., and Manley, D. C. E. (1974).</b><i>Thorax</i>, <b>29</b>, 407-416. <b>Bronchiectasis: results of surgical and conservative management. A review of 393 cases.</b> A consecutive series of 393 cases of bronchiectasis referred to a thoracic surgical unit has been followed up for one to 15 years. About two-thirds were managed surgically and one-third conservatively. The progress of the patients is analysed and the results of treatment are evaluated. The role of associated bronchitis is considered and indications for surgery are defined. It is our opinion that the current bias towards conservative management is unjustified.
Provision of facilities for secondary transport of seriously ill patients in the United Kingdom
Authors: I H Wright, J C McDonald, P N Rogers, I M. Ledingham
Journal: BMJ (1988)

A survey by questionnaire of 280 hospitals with general intensive care units was carried out to find out what facilities were provided for secondary transport of seriously ill patients in the United Kingdom. Replies were received from 181 units. Extrapolating from the survey data showed that about 10,000 patients were transported each year, although many units transferred only a few patients. An appreciable minority of units reported that facilities for secondary transport were inadequate and many were obliged to send inexperienced medical staff with patients. Almost half of the respondents thought that arrangements for transfer were unsatisfactory, but only a tenth said that they delayed or refused transfer for this reason. This undoubtedly reflects a policy of "making do" despite inadequate resources. We believe that these results support the concept of regional transport services, where each major unit would be adequately equipped and staffed and unnecessary duplication of resources avoided.
SHIP-deficient mice are severely osteoporotic due to increased numbers of hyper-resorptive osteoclasts
Authors: Sunao Takeshita, Noriyuki Namba, Jenny J. Zhao, Yebin Jiang, Harry K. Genant, Matthew J. Silva, Michael D. Brodt, Cheryl D. Helgason, Janet Kalesnikoff, Michael J. Rauh, R. Keith Humphries, Gerald Krystal, Steven L. Teitelbaum, F. Patrick Ross
Journal: Nature Medicine (2002)
Buprenorphine Implants for Treatment of Opioid Dependence
Authors: Walter Ling, Paul Casadonte, George Bigelow, Kyle M. Kampman, Ashwin Patkar, Genie L. Bailey, Richard N. Rosenthal, Katherine L. Beebe
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Limitations of existing pharmacological treatments for opioid dependence include low adherence, medication diversion, and emergence of withdrawal symptoms. To determine the efficacy of buprenorphine implants that provide a low, steady level of buprenorphine over 6 months for the treatment of opioid dependence. A randomized, placebo-controlled, 6-month trial conducted at 18 sites in the United States between April 2007 and June 2008. One hundred sixty-three adults, aged 18 to 65 years, diagnosed with opioid dependence. One hundred eight were randomized to receive buprenorphine implants and 55 to receive placebo implants. After induction with sublingual buprenorphine-naloxone tablets, patients received either 4 buprenorphine implants (80 mg per implant) or 4 placebo implants. A fifth implant was available if a threshold for rescue use of sublingual buprenorphine-naloxone treatment was exceeded. Standardized individual drug counseling was provided to all patients. The percentage of urine samples negative for illicit opioids for weeks 1 through 16 and for weeks 17 through 24. The buprenorphine implant group had significantly more urine samples negative for illicit opioids during weeks 1 through 16 (P = .04). Patients with buprenorphine implants had a mean percentage of urine samples that tested negative for illicit opioids across weeks 1 through 16 of 40.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 34.2%-46.7%) and a median of 40.7%; whereas those in the placebo group had a mean of 28.3% (95% CI, 20.3%-36.3%) and a median of 20.8%. A total of 71 of 108 patients (65.7%) who received buprenorphine implants completed the study vs 17 of 55 (30.9%) who received placebo implants (P < .001). Those who received buprenorphine implants also had fewer clinician-rated (P <.001) and patient-rated (P = .004) withdrawal symptoms, had lower patient ratings of craving (P <.001), and experienced a greater change on clinician global ratings of severity of opioid dependence (P<.001) and on the clinician global ratings of improvement (P < .001) than those who received placebo implants. Minor implant site reactions were the most common adverse events: 61 patients (56.5%) in the buprenorphine group and 29 (52.7%) in the placebo group. Among persons with opioid dependence, the use of buprenorphine implants compared with placebo resulted in less opioid use over 16 weeks as assessed by urine samples. clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00447564.
Contribution of nitric oxide to bradykinin-induced dilation of human coronary resistance vessels in vivo
Authors: Masaya Kato, Nobuo Shiode, Masafumi Hiraga, Akito Hiraoka, Nobuyuki Morishima, Shinji Karakawa, Togo Yamagata, Hideo Matsuura, Goro Kaliyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Monitoring the natural course and response to therapy of chronic hepatitis B with an automated semi-quantitative assay for IgM anti-HBc
Authors: Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Maria Torrani Cerenzia, Filippo Oliveri, Paolo Piantino, Anna Randone, Pier-Luigi Calvo, Paola Manzini, Giuseppe Rocca, Claudio Galli, Ferruccio Bonino
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (1993)
NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphisms affect outcome in pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Authors: Hermann Kreyenberg, Andrea Jarisch, Christina Bayer, Blanca Schuster, Andre Willasch, Brigitte Strahm, Bernhard Kremens, Bernd Gruhn, Andre Schrauder, Stefan Burdach, Monika Führer, Claudia Rossig, Hartmut Kabisch, Paul-Gerhard Schlegel, Daniel Stachel, James F. Beck, Christine Mauz-Koerholz, Tje Lin Chung, Ernst Holler, Thomas Klingebiel, Peter Bader
Journal: Blood (2011)