tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Thiazide-Induced Hyponatremia
Authors: Eitan Friedman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Study Objective: To determine whether a single-dose of thiazide administered to patients with previous thiazide-induced hyponatremia will cause hyponatremia and, if so, to analyze its pathogenesis. Design: Prospective controlled study comparing patients with previous thiazide-induced hyponatremia with two control groups. Patients and Controls: Eleven patients with thiazide-induced (Kaluril [hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg; amiloride, 5 mg] ) hyponatremia of less than 130 mmol/L at least 1 week before the study. Two groups of controls: 10 young healthy volunteers and 11 elderly hypertensive patients previously treated uneventfully with thiazide. Interventions: Administration of a single dose of hydrochlorothiazide, 50 mg, and amiloride, 5 mg. Measurements: Blood pressure, pulse rate, body weight, serum urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, magnesium, osmolality, plasma antidiuretic hormone, renin, aldosterone and also urinary sodium, potassium, osmolality, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) before and 6 to 8, 12, and 24 hours after drug administration. Results: Within 6 to 8 hours serum sodium decreased in patients, young controls, and elderly controls by 5.5 ±1.1 (mean ± SE), 1.2 ± 0.4, and 1.8 ± 0.9 mmol/L, respectively (Py < 0.001 [patients versus young controls], Pe = 0.017 [patients versus elderly controls]). Serum osmolality decreased in patients, young controls, and elderly controls by 14.9 ± 2.6, 2.8 ± 1.6, and 6.6 ± 1.5 mmol/kg, respectively (Py < 0.001, Pe = 0.012). All patients and only one control subject reached osmolality of less than 280 mmol/kg. At 6 to 8 hours all patients gained weight (0.85 ± 0.13 kg) whereas young and elderly controls lost weight (0.47 ± 0.23 and 0.45 ± 0.2 kg, respectively) (Py « 0.001, Pe « 0.001). Patients' responses to the drug did not differ from both control groups regarding sodium and potassium urinary excretion, osmolar and free water clearance, and antidiuretic hormone blood levels. Water restriction in one patient attenuated serum sodium reduction. Conclusions: Use of a single-dose of a thiazide diuretic may predict the development of hyponatremia. Increased body weight apparently due to polydipsia may play a major role in the pathogenesis of thiazide- induced hyponatremia.
FIRST IN-HUMAN EXPERIENCE IN INTEGRATION OF REMOTELY DIRECTED INTRACARDIAC ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY INTO MAGNETICALLY GUIDED ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION: THE FINAL PIECE OF A JIGSAW IN REMOTELY CONTROLLED PROCEDURES?
Authors: Georg Noelker, Bogdan Muntean, Johannes Heintze, Juergen Vogt, Dieter Horstkotte, Klaus-Jürgen Gutleben
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Alexithymia: A Further Exploration of Its Nomological Network
Authors: Ad.J.J.M. Vingerhoets, Guus van Heck, Rob Grim, Bob Bermond
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1995)

The present studies were designed in order to obtain a better understanding of the nomological network of the alexithymia concept. In study I, the links between alexithymia, coping, and self-rated health were explored. As predicted, strong negative correlations were found between alexithymia and the expression of emotions, daydreams and fantasies, and planful and rational actions. Contrary to expectations, no clear associations were found with self-reported health status. In study II, the focus was on links with personality, temperament, and self-reported (susceptibility to) homesickness. Although some correlations reached statistical significance, all were rather modest. The most remarkable finding was the independence of alexithymia and neuroticism. In study III, the associations between alexithymia and aspects of love experiences were examined, again yielding low correlations. It is concluded that alexithymia is relatively independent of temperament and personality. In addition, it is suggested that the association between alexithymia and the experience of positive emotions deserves further exploration.
Stigma, shame, and blame experienced by patients with lung cancer: Health promotion and support groups have a role
Authors: Rory Coughlan
Journal: BMJ (2004)

EDITOR—The research article by Chapple et al highlights problems for lung cancer patients and their experiences of stigma and shame bring to mind two allied factors.1

Health promotion strategies have increased with our identification of chronic conditions as the major health threat. The role of industrial development in …
THALLIUM ACETATE FOR EPILATION
Authors: H. O. Bames
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, July 2, a physician asks whether thallium acetate, 8 grains to the ounce of cold cream, would cause epilation locally or generally. I have tried thallium acetate by daily inunction for a period of two weeks in strengths up to 10 per cent on four individuals without observing any result whatever either at the time or later.
Abstract 5295: Detection of VEGFA gene amplification in different neoplastic entities using four different technologies
Authors: MariaCarla Andreozzi, Vincent Vuaroqueaux, Andreas Ackermann, Sandra Schneider, Luigi Tornillo, Christian Ruiz, Heinz Herbert Fiebig, Serenella Eppenberger, Luigi Maria Terracciano
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background The VEGFA protein plays an important role in the induction of angiogenesis during tumor initiation and progression. The aims of the study were to investigate the presence of VEGFA gene amplification by FISH analysis on a human multi-tumor tissue microarray (MTMA) and to validate these findings on an independent human multi-tumor tissue in mouse implanted microarray (MTMA) by aCGH, SNP6 microarrays, FISH analysis and real-time PCR. Materials and Methods The VEGFA gene status was evaluated on a human MTMA (n=2,957 tissue samples) including 132 tumor entities and 31 normal tissue types. Furthermore, we reconfirmed the presence of VEGFA gene amplification as detected by FISH analysis on a second independent MTMA including 195 different tissue samples from nude mice xenograft models of 24 different human tumor types using three additional genomic techniques: array-CGH, SNP6 microarrays and real-time PCR. Results VEGFA gene amplification was detected across different tumor types. The following incidences were observed: 5.3% in colorectal carcinoma, 3.2% in endometrial carcinoma, 2.8% in gallbladder adenocarcinoma, 4.2 % in renal carcinoma, 1.5% in hepatocellular carcinoma, 4.5% in pancreas carcinoma and 4.8% in stomach carcinoma samples. Additionally, some tumors were characterized by a high polysomy. In the second independent cohort MTMA VEGFA gene amplification was detected by FISH analysis in four samples, including one non-small cell lung cancer, one sarcoma, one gastric and and breast cancer, previously classified as amplified by aCGH (100%) and SNP6 microarrays. The latter technique also revealed one “supplementary amplified sample”. All results correlated with real-time PCR (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusions We detected VEGFA gene amplification in different tumor types, on a human MTMA and we confirmed our findings on an independent MTMA of human tumors implanted in mice. We demonstrated the occurrence of VEGFA gene amplification in several tumor types with an incidence of up to 5% and also we demonstrated the feasibility of four technologies for reliable VEGFA gene copy number detection. Comparison of the four technologies revealed high concordance (p&amp;lt;0.05). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5295. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5295
Ensuring Patient Safety in Clinical Trials for Treatment of Acute Stroke
Authors: Kyra J. Becker
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells are responsible for nitric oxide modulation of resistance in the hepatic sinusoids.
Authors: V Shah, F G Haddad, G Garcia-Cardena, J A Frangos, A Mennone, R J Groszmann, W C Sessa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1997)

The mechanisms that regulate vascular resistance in the liver are an area of active investigation. Previously, we have shown that nitric oxide (NO) modulates hepatic vascular tone in the normal rat liver. In this study, the production of NO is examined in further detail by isolating sinusoidal endothelial cells (SEC) from the rat liver. Endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was present in SEC based on Western blotting and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. Exposure of SEC to flow increased the release of NO. To investigate the relevance of these in vitro findings to the intact liver, we modified an in situ perfusion system to allow for direct measurement of NO release from the hepatic vasculature. NO was released from the hepatic vasculature in a time-dependent manner, and administration of N-monomethyl-L-arginine reduced NO release and increased portal pressure. Immunostaining of intact liver demonstrated eNOS localization to endothelial cells lining the hepatic sinusoids. These findings demonstrate that SEC in vitro and in vivo express eNOS and produce NO basally, and increase their production in response to flow. Additionally, an increase in portal pressure concomitant with the blockade of NO release directly demonstrates that endogenous endothelial-derived NO modulates portal pressure.
Blockade of surface bound TGF-β abrogates Treg suppression of effector T cell function within the tumor microenvironment
Authors: Sadna Budhu, David Schaer, Yongbiao Li, Alan Houghton, Samuel Silverstein, Taha Merghoub, Jedd D Wolchok
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Regulatory T cells (Treg) play a role in suppression of anti-melanoma immunity; however, the exact mechanism is poorly understood. Through intravital two photon microcopy, we found that tumor-specific Pmel-1 effectors engage in cell-cell interactions with tumor resident Tregs. To
Sialadenitis Mimicking Metastatic Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: IRIS S. KOLLA, NAOMI P. ALAZRAKI, NELSON B. WATTS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

In the post-thyroidectomy patient who has received I-131 ablation for thyroid carcinoma, focal uptake on repeat total body images is usually interpreted as being indicative of functioning thyroid metastases. The differential of focal I-131 activity in such a patient has been described. This report adds to the differential by presenting a case of benign sialadenitis that caused focal neck uptake a year after ablation therapy with I-131.
Analysis of Costs and Outcomes of Renal Transplantation at One Center
Authors: Oscar Salvatierra
Journal: JAMA (1979)

A cost increase of more than 900% for medical services to dialysis patients and transplant recipients has been projected during the decade 1974 to 1984. To evaluate the role of renal transplantation in the End-Stage Renal Disease Program, we analyzed direct costs and patient outcomes in 466 consecutive transplants at our center. A successful transplant from either a living related or cadaver donor cost less than +7,000 per year for two years of graft function. The cost of transplants rejected during the second year also proved cost-effective when compared with the yearly costs of maintenance-facility hemodialysis. Patient survival was 100% at two years for recipients of a transplant from a living related donor and 84% at two years for recipients of a transplant from a cadaver. Renal transplantation can reduce the rising costs for end-stage renal disease patient care, without reducing life expectancy.
Ranolazine prevents INaL enhancement and blunts myocardial remodelling in a model of pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Marcella Rocchetti, Luca Sala, Riccardo Rizzetto, Lidia Irene Staszewsky, Matteo Alemanni, Vanessa Zambelli, Ilaria Russo, Lucio Barile, Laura Cornaghi, Claudia Altomare, Carlotta Ronchi, Gaspare Mostacciuolo, Jacopo Lucchetti, Marco Gobbi, Roberto Latini, Antonio Zaza
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) reflects abnormal pulmonary vascular resistance and causes right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy. Enhancement of the late sodium current (INaL) may result from hypertrophic remodelling. The study tests whether: (i) constitutive INaL enhancement may occur as part of PAH-induced myocardial remodelling; (ii) ranolazine (RAN), a clinically available INaL blocker, may prevent constitutive INaL enhancement and PAH-induced myocardial remodelling. PAH was induced in rats by a single monocrotaline (MCT) injection [60 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.)]; studies were performed 3 weeks later. RAN (30 mg/kg bid i.p.) was administered 48 h after MCT and washed-out 15 h before studies. MCT increased RV systolic pressure and caused RV hypertrophy and loss of left ventricular (LV) mass. In the RV, collagen was increased; myocytes were enlarged with T-tubule disarray and displayed myosin heavy chain isoform switch. INaL was markedly enhanced; diastolic Ca2+ was increased and Ca2+ release was facilitated. K+ currents were down-regulated and APD was prolonged. In the LV, INaL was enhanced to a lesser extent and cell Ca2+ content was strongly depressed. Electrical remodelling was less prominent than in the RV. RAN completely prevented INaL enhancement and limited most aspects of PAH-induced remodelling, but failed to affect in vivo contractile performance. RAN blunted the MCT-induced increase in RV pressure and medial thickening in pulmonary arterioles. PAH induced remodelling with chamber-specific aspects. RAN prevented constitutive INaL enhancement and blunted myocardial remodelling. Partial mechanical unloading, resulting from an unexpected effect of RAN on pulmonary vasculature, might contribute to this effect.
Avulsion of the Upper Limb
Authors: G. Barber
Journal: BMJ (1969)

satisfactory therapeutic response.The total available evidence suggests that had lower degrees of prothrombin activity been consistently maintained the results might have more closely resembled those of the Anticoagulant Committee of the American Heart Association,2 Loeliger and his co-workers,' and Meuwissen and Hart,' Aspenstrbm and Korsan-Bengtsen,' and the results of the U.S. Veterans Administration Long-Term Study,' ' as well as many other studies both short-and long-term from the British Isles and from other countries.The Working Party of the Medical Research Council had previously used an average daily dose of 108 mg. of phenindione in their study dealing with long-term pre- ventive anticoagulant therapy, which pro- duced favourable effects in several important categories of mortality and morbidity.How- ever, in this study involving acute myocardial infarction the use of the Thrombotest at 10-20% levels resulted in a serious reduction of approximately one-third in the daily dose to an average of 72 mg.This represents a paradox in the principle of anticoagulant therapy.Acute thromboembolic states usually require more active rather than less active treatment when compared with long- term prevention in an otherwise quiescent phase.What this study does confirm is that when levels of activity in the range of 10-20% by the Thrombotest are used only minor therapeutic effects involving thrombo- embolic complications can be expected.As with all other potent drugs, one must give adequate amounts of anticoagulants to obtain full therapeutic effects.It is a matter of great and international concern that clinicians not especially con- versant with the problems and the research in this field will assume that the treatment was optimal, and thereby interpret this report as establishing that anticoagulants are ineffec- tive in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction.This conclusion is not warranted -the therapeutic level used was not optimal.
Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women
Authors: A J. Campbell, M C. Robertson, M. M Gardner, R. N Norton, M. W Tilyard, D. M Buchner
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To assess the effectiveness of a home exercise programme of strength and balance retraining exercises in reducing falls and injuries in elderly women. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial of an individually tailored programme of physical therapy in the home (exercise group, n=116) compared with the usual care and an equal number of social visits (control group, n=117). <b>Setting:</b> 17 general practices in Dunedin, New Zealand. <b>Subjects:</b> Women aged 80 years and older living in the community and registered with a general practice in Dunedin. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Number of falls and injuries related to falls and time between falls during one year of follow up; changes in muscle strength and balance measures after six months. <b>Results:</b> After one year there were 152 falls in the control group and 88 falls in the exercise group. The mean (SD) rate of falls was lower in the exercise than the control group (0.87 (1.29) <i>v</i> 1.34 (1.93) falls per year respectively; difference 0.47; 95% confidence interval 0.04 to 0.90). The relative hazard for the first four falls in the exercise group compared with the control group was 0.68 (0.52 to 0.90). The relative hazard for a first fall with injury in the exercise group compared with the control group was 0.61 (0.39 to 0.97). After six months, balance had improved in the exercise group (difference between groups in change in balance score 0.43 (0.21 to 0.65). <b>Conclusions:</b> An individual programme of strength and balance retraining exercises improved physical function and was effective in reducing falls and injuries in women 80 years and older. <h3>Key messages</h3> Modifiable risk factors for falls in elderly people have been well defined; they include loss of muscle strength and impaired balance A programme to improve strength and balance in women aged 80 years and older can be set up safely with four home visits from a physiotherapist This programme reduced falls and moderate injuries appreciably over the subsequent year in Dunedin, New Zealand The benefit was most noticeable in elderly people who fell often
Monitoring Heparin Therapy
Authors: A. Majid Shojania
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 January 1994Monitoring Heparin TherapyA. Majid Shojania, MDA. Majid Shojania, MDSt. Boniface General Hospital; Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 2A6; CanadaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-120-2-199401150-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Brill-Edwards and colleagues [1] proposed a method for monitoring heparin therapy based on protamine titration of plasma from patients already receiving heparin. They state that this method is better than determining the aPT of plasma to which heparin is added because the relation between the heparin level and aPT is different compared with this relation in the plasma of patients receiving heparin. This proposed method is complicated, is impractical for many laboratories, adds additional sources of technical error, and suffers from the same problem it purports to solve. For the same reasons cited by the authors, the ...References1. Brill-Edwards P, Ginsberg JS, Johnston M, Hirsh J. Establishing a therapeutic range for heparin therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 119: 104-9. Google Scholar2. Zanke B, Shojania AM. Comparison of two methods of monitoring heparin therapy: aPT ratio and heparin response of pooled normal plasma. Am J Clin Pathol. 1990; 93:684-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: St. Boniface General Hospital; Winnipeg, Manitoba R2H 2A6; Canada PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 January 1994Volume 120, Issue 2Page: 169-170KeywordsBlood plasmaHemorrhageHeparinProtaminesThromboembolism ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 January 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
REVERSE REMODELING OF LEFT ATRIUM AFTER CATHETER ABLATION TO ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: ITS IMPACT ON LEFT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION AND RECURRENCE
Authors: Yuko Toyoshima, Koichi Inoue, Toshiya Kurotobi, Ryusuke Kimura, Norihisa Ito, Katsuomi Iwakura, Atsunori Okamura, Yasushi Koyama, Motoo Date, Yoshiharu Higuchi, Hiroyuki Nagai, Makito Ozawa, Yukinori Okazaki, Masahiko Shibuya, Shigemiki Omiya, Takashi Takagi, Daisuke Morisawa, Kenshi Fujii
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Points from letters: Clinical or administrative postal addresses?
Authors: M C Joseph
Journal: BMJ (1976)

indicates that consultants in teaching hospitals are on average of higher quality than those in peripheral hospitals and that similar considerations apply respectively to those working in the South and the North of England and also to physicians and surgeons as opposed to geriatricians and psychiatrists.If Drs Bruggen and Bourne do not believe this they should say why.There are, of course, people who believe that merit should not be financially rewarded as the work involved is cleaner and more interesting than unskilled work.There are also people who believe that it is impossible to assess merit and it would appear from the Points from LettersClinical or administrative postal addresses ?
Inducible nitric oxide synthase expression is reduced in cystic fibrosis murine and human airway epithelial cells.
Authors: T J Kelley, M L Drumm
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1998)

It has been reported that exhaled nitric oxide levels are reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. We have examined the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the airways by immunostaining and found that iNOS is constitutively expressed in the airway epithelia of non-CF mouse and human tissues but essentially absent in the epithelium of CF airways. We explored potential consequences of lost iNOS expression and found that iNOS inhibition significantly increases mouse nasal trans-epithelial potential difference, and hindered the ability of excised mouse lungs to prevent growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The absence of continuous nitric oxide production in epithelial cells of CF airways may play a role in two CF-associated characteristics: hyperabsorption of sodium and susceptibility to bacterial infections.