tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
JAMA 75 YEARS AGO
Authors: Daniel Longaker
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
High-Dose Chemotherapy in Poor-Prognosis Adult Small Round-Cell Tumors: Clinical and Molecular Results From a Prospective Study
Authors: Alexia Bertuzzi, Luca Castagna, Andrea Nozza, Vittorio Quagliuolo, Licia Siracusano, Monica Balzarotti, Silvana Compasso, Marco Alloisio, Hector Soto Parra, Armando Santoro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: The prognosis of metastatic/high-risk localized small round-cell tumors (SRCTs) treated conventionally is dismal. In this phase II study, we explored a high-dose chemotherapy (HD-CT) approach and analyzed the clinical significance of fusion transcripts detection. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From June 1997 to November 1999, 28 SRCT patients (median age, 26 years; 14 peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumors [pPNETs], seven rhabdomyosarcomas [RMSs], and seven desmoplastic small round-cell tumors [DSRCTs]) received induction chemotherapy with ifosfamide, epirubicin, and vincristine followed by HD-CT. Local treatment (radiotherapy and/or surgery) was performed when possible. Molecular analysis was performed on peripheral-blood and leukapheresis products by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Overall response (OR) was 65% (18 of 28), with 40% complete response and 25% partial response. According to histology, the OR rate was 86% in pPNET and 43% in both RMS DSRCT. With a median follow-up of 35 months, median overall survival was 16 months and median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10 months. PFS was statistically better in pPNET than other histologic types (P = .0045). No correlation was found between the fusion transcript and clinical outcome during follow-up. Furthermore, transcript detection in leukapheretic products was not of prognostic significance. CONCLUSION: Intensive HD-CT seems to enhance the response rate and survival when compared with conventional treatment in poor-prognosis pPNET. The poor results of this treatment in RMS and DSRCT do not support the inclusion of such an approach in these patient subsets. No definitive conclusions can currently be drawn concerning the clinical implications of the detection of fusion transcripts during treatment or follow-up.
TICAGRELOR VERSUS TICAGRELOR AND CLOPIDOGREL IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING PRIMARY PCI: A PLATELET REACTIVITY PHARMACODYNAMICS STUDY
Authors: Benjamin M. Hibbert, Ronnen Maze, Ali Pourdjabbar, Trevor Simard, Daniel Ramirez, Michael Froeschl, Alexander Dick, Chris Glover, Jean-Francois Marquis, Marino Labinaz, Derek So, Michel Le May
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hereditary C2 deficiency: Genetic studies and association with the HL-A system.
Authors: N K Day, R L'Esperance, R A Good, A F Michael, J A Hansen, B Dupont, C Jersild
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1975)

Herediatary C2-deficiency has been shown to be transmitted asn an autosomal recessive characteristic. Recent evidence indicates that some genetic factors involved in the control of the complement (C) system in both man and mice are governed by genes localized within the major histocompatibility regionmthis study describes a large pedigree of the paternal family of a C2-deficient patient with systemic lupus erythematosusl It is shown that this condition is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait, the heterozygous carriers having approximately half normal levels of C2. Furthermore, this trait was shown to be inherited in close linkage with an infrequent HL-A typw, 2,4A2. The maternal, C2-defective chromosome was shown to be transmitted by HL-AW10, W18 haplotypemthis same haplotype was described in a similar study by Fu et al. (6) to be associated with C2 deficiencymfinally, a third haplotype HL-A2,W18 carrying a defective C2 gene was demonstrated in a part of this pedigree.
The rise in emergency admissions---crisis or artefact? Temporal analysis of health services data
Authors: K. Morgan, D. Prothero, S. Frankel
Journal: BMJ (1999)

such evaluations is an important justification for a modelling approach.Emergency admissions are, by their nature, stochastic and difficult to predict.Our model shows that spare capacity is essential if an emergency admissions service is to operate efficiently and at a level of risk acceptable to patients.Emergency admission crises are not generally created by poor management.With insufficient spare bed capacity even the best run hospital is at risk.It must be recognised by the NHS that maintaining some unoccupied staffed beds is not wasteful, but is a cost which must be incurred if a quality service is to be sustained.
Inhaled frusemide does not affect lung mucociliary clearance in healthy and asthmatic subjects
Authors: A Hasani, D Pavia, MA Spiteri, CT Yeo, JE Agnew, SW Clarke, KF Chung
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Inhaled frusemide has been shown to protect against the bronchoconstrictor effect of several inhaled agents in asthmatic subjects by mechanism(s) that are unclear. Since loop diuretics can modulate Cl- transport in the airway epithelium, frusemide may alter the quality and/or the quantity of the periciliary layer, which in turn may affect lung mucociliary transport. We investigated the effect of a single inhalation of nebulized frusemide (40 mg) on lung mucociliary clearance in four healthy subjects and in seven stable, mild asthmatics using an objective radioaerosol technique. Frusemide or placebo was inhaled in a double-blind, randomized, cross-over manner half an hour after the inhalation of 5 microns polystyrene particles labelled with 99mTc, used for assessing mucociliary clearance. The pulmonary function and initial radioaerosol distribution were similar between frusemide and placebo runs within each of the two study groups. The areas under the tracheobronchial retention curves over the 6 h observation period were similar between frusemide and placebo runs for both groups. Our findings show inhaled frusemide, at a dose known to inhibit bronchoconstrictor responses, does not affect lung mucociliary clearance.
Morphine, Opioid Peptides, and Pancreatic Islet Function
Authors: Dario Giugliano
Journal: Diabetes Care (1984)

Since the isolation of enkephalins 7 yr ago, there has been an explosive increase in knowledge and an enormous interest in the action of both exogenous and endogenous opiates. This review deals with the interaction of opiates with the endocrine pancreas. The results of animal studies performed in vitro do not allow any conclusion to be drawn, because the effects of opioid peptides on pancreatic hormone release seem dependent on many variables, including the agent investigated, dose administered, concentration of glucose in the medium, and experimental procedure used. The results of in vivo animal studies suggest that central administration of opiates and opioid peptides acts indirectly via the sympathetic nervous system to cause hyperglycemia and impaired insulin secretion, while peripheral administration tends to stimulate insulin and glucagon secretion. This last statement seems also to be true for studies performed in human beings. The narcotic addict offers a model to evaluate the hormonal and metabolic effects of a chronically administered agent that binds and activates endogenous receptors. In these subjects, it is possible to find increased concentrations of glycosylated hemoglobin A1 and a marked reduction of the acute insulin response to intravenous glucose, but not to arginine, which suggests a state of defective glucose recognition by pancreatic β-cells during narcotic addiction. Thus, the heroin addict, like patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes, does not respond appropriately to glucose signals. Moreover, naloxone, an opiate-receptor blocking agent, can cause a partial restoration of the acute insulin response to i.v. glucose in some subjects with non-insulin-dependent diabetes. An increased sensitivity to endogenous opiates—enkephalins—might be important in the pathogenesis of non-insulin-dependent diabetes in human beings.
Meta-analysis: Alteplase improves functional outcomes when given within 4.5 hours of stroke onset
Authors: Glenn D. Graham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Lees KR, Bluhmki E, von Kummer R, et al. Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: an updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials. Lancet. 2010;375:1695-703. 20472172
Endocrine Changes in Premature Labour
Authors: R. L. T. Raja, A. B. M. Anderson, A. C. Turnbull
Journal: BMJ (1974)

Plasma oestradiol and progesterone levels in peripheral blood have been studied before and during premature labour of unknown aetiology. Hormones were measured by radio-immunoassay using specific antisera. Levels in patients who delivered prematurely were compared with levels measured serially in 33 primigravidae during normal pregnancy and labour. In 19 out of 25 patients admitted in progressive premature labour the plasma oestradiol level was two standard deviations or more above the mean for the control patients of similar gestational age. The mean (± S.E. of mean) plasma oestradiol in premature labour was 19·1 ± 1·1 ng/ml, similar to levels found in labour at term (18·5 ± 1·4 ng/ml). In contrast, in over 50% of cases levels of plasma progesterone during premature labour lay below the mean for gestation though within the normal range. In six patients studied serially oestradiol levels rose dramatically, high values being detected one to 10 days before the onset of premature labour. Serial progesterone levels gave no consistent trend though one patient showed steadily decreasing values. These studies suggest that the onset of premature labour is preceded by a marked increase in peripheral plasma oestradiol levels, which may be of value not only in the prediction of premature labour but also in its prevention by suppression of the premature oestradiol surge.
Ten-Year Trends in the Incidence and Treatment of Cardiogenic Shock
Authors: Raban V. Jeger, Dragana Radovanovic, Patrick R. Hunziker, Matthias E. Pfisterer, Jean-Christophe Stauffer, Paul Erne, Philip Urban
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Background: Few studies describe recent changes in the incidence, treatment, and outcomes of cardiogenic shock. Objective: To examine temporal trends in the incidence, therapeutic management, and mortality rates of patients with the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and cardiogenic shock, and to assess associations of therapeutic management with death and cardiogenic shock developing during hospitalization. Design: Analysis of registry data collected among patients admitted to hospitals between 1997 and 2006. Setting: 70 of the 106 acute cardiac care hospitals in Switzerland. Patients: 23696 adults with ACS enrolled in the AMIS (Acute Myocardial Infarction in Switzerland) Plus Registry. Measurements: Cardiogenic shock incidence; treatment, including rates of percutaneous coronary intervention; and in-hospital mortality rates. Results: Rates of overall cardiogenic shock (8.3% of patients with ACS) and cardiogenic shock developing during hospitalization (6.0% of patients with ACS and 71.5% of patients with cardiogenic shock) decreased during the past decade (P< 0.001 for temporal trend), whereas rates of cardiogenic shock on admission remained constant (2.3% of patients with ACS and 28.5% of patients with cardiogenic shock). Rates of percutaneous coronary intervention increased among patients with cardiogenic shock (7.6% to 65.9%; P= 0.010), whereas in-hospital mortality decreased (62.8% to 47.7%; P= 0.010). Percutaneous coronary intervention was independently associated with lower risk for both in-hospital mortality in all patients with ACS (odds ratio, 0.47 [95% CI, 0.30 to 0.73]; P= 0.001) and cardiogenic shock development during hospitalization in patients with ACS but without cardiogenic shock on admission (odds ratio, 0.59 [CI, 0.39 to 0.89]; P= 0.012). Limitations: There was no central review of cardiogenic shock diagnoses, and follow-up duration was confined to the hospital stay. Unmeasured or inaccurately measured characteristics may have confounded observed associations of treatment with outcomes. Conclusion: Over the past decade, rates of cardiogenic shock developing during hospitalization and in-hospital mortality decreased among patients with ACS. Increased percutaneous coronary intervention rates were associated with decreased mortality among patients with cardiogenic shock and with decreased development of cardiogenic shock during hospitalization.
Clinical Significance of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptors in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and a Prognostic Role for HER2 Gene Copy Number in Female Patients
Authors: Samer Al-Saad, Khalid Al-Shibli, Tom Donnem, Sigve Andersen, Roy M Bremnes, Lill-Tove Busund
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Family of man with Down's syndrome takes legal action over "do not resuscitate" order
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2012)

A man with Down’s syndrome and his family are taking legal action over a hospital’s “do not resuscitate” form that cites his disability as one of the reasons for not trying to resuscitate him in the event of a cardiopulmonary arrest.

The 51 year old man, referred to as AWA, who also has dementia, is suing East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust through a member of his family as litigation friend.

The family was not consulted and was unaware that the decision not to resuscitate him had been taken until one of AWA’s carers found the DNR form among AWA’s belongings when he returned to his care home from a fortnight’s stay at Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother Hospital at Margate in Kent a year ago.

The reasons listed for the decision, which was said to be “indefinite” in duration, were “Down’s syndrome, unable to swallow (Peg [percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy] fed), bed …
Blunting 'Steroid Epidemic' Requires Alternatives, Innovative Education
Authors: Virginia S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1990)

ALTHOUGH THE NUMBER of youthful users of anabolic-androgenic steroids is unacceptably high, it appears that the level of knowledge about associated dangers also is increasing among high school athletes. Some innovative educational approaches may be helping. The problem has come to public attention again in recent days because of a report, released by the inspector general of the Department of Health and Human Services, that estimates some 262 000 adolescents are using or have used steroids. The report estimates 5% to 11% of teenaged boys and 0.5% to 2.5% of girls in grades 7 through 12 are involved. Thus, despite educational efforts, many adolescents do not appear to be responding to the information. And, according to study results presented at the American College of Sports Medicine meeting in Salt Lake City, Utah, few educational programs appear to be aimed at the group aged 10 to 14 years. As far as
The future challenge of lead toxicity.
Authors: H L Needleman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

Five decades ago, lead toxicity in childhood was thought in nonlethal cases to be without residual effect. This misconception was corrected in 1943 by Randolph Byers, who began the modern era of lead neurotoxicology by asserting that lead not only killed cells, but interfered with the normal development of central nervous system neurons. The human data from Byers forward is reviewed, with particular attention on methodological issues that have emerged. The papers on human neurotoxicology presented at the NIEHS lead conference held in Research Triangle Park, NC, in 1974 are examined to demonstrate the progress made over the last 15 years. Seven methodological solecisms have clouded judgment over the question of lead toxicity at low dose: worship of the sacrament of p = 0.05; inaccurate causal modeling; drawing conclusions from studies with inadequate power; positing phantom covariates; underestimating the importance of "small" effects; demanding proof of causality; and evaluating studies in isolation. The principles behind these errors are discussed. Lead exposure is associated with hyperactivity, and hyperactivity is a risk factor for antisocial behavior. The relationship between lead exposure and antisocial behavior is estimated. A plan for the effective removal of one major lead source, housing stock, is presented.
Myocarditis of Undetermined Origin: A Cause of Unexpected Death
Authors: Michael A. Luongo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1951)

MYOCARDITIS OF UNDETERMINED ORIGIN: A CAUSE OF UNEXPECTED DEATHDuring the course of two years of autopsy examinations by members of the Department of Legal Medicine at Harvard Medical School, six deaths have been disclosed that were due to what might best be called "myocarditis of undetermined etiology." All cases involved adults in the young and middle-age groups and all died unexpectedly without previously recognized illness. All were presumably in good health and carrying out their usual activities. Gross autopsy examinations showed only nonspecific changes such as edema of the lungs and dilatation of the heart. In only two of . . .
P-glycoprotein, HER-2/neu, and Mutant p53 Expression in Human Gynecologic Tumors
Authors: J.{a. Schneider, M.-P. Rubio, M.-J.{a. Barbaza n, F. J. Rodriguez-Escudero, B. R. Seizinger, J. S. Castresana
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article P-glycoprotein, HER-2/neu, and Mutant p53 Expression in Human Gynecologic Tumors Get access Jose´ Schneider, Jose´ Schneider Gynecologic Oncology Service, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del Pais VascoBaracaldo (Vizcaya), Spain. Correspondence to : Jose´Schneider, M.D., Universidad del Pais Vasco, Hospital de Cruces (Ginecologia), E-48903 Baracaldo (Vizcaya), Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mari-Paz Rubio, Mari-Paz Rubio Molecular Neurooncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maria-Jose´ Barbaza´n, Maria-Jose´ Barbaza´n Gynecologic Oncology Service, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del Pais VascoBaracaldo (Vizcaya), Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Francisco J. Rodriguez-Escudero, Francisco J. Rodriguez-Escudero Gynecologic Oncology Service, Hospital de Cruces, Universidad del Pais VascoBaracaldo (Vizcaya), Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Bernd R. Seizinger, Bernd R. Seizinger Molecular Neurooncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown Present address : B. R. Seizinger, Oncology Drug Discovery, Bristol-Myers Squibb Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Princeton, N.J. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Javier S. Castresana Javier S. Castresana Molecular Neurooncology Laboratory, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown Present address : J. S. Castresana, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas (Consego Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas), Madrid, Spain. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 11, 1 June 1994, Pages 850–855, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.11.850 Published: 01 June 1994 Article history Received: 12 October 1993 Revision received: 30 December 1993 Accepted: 08 March 1994 Published: 01 June 1994
Corrigendum to “Group-wise construction of reduced models for understanding and characterization of pulmonary blood flows from medical images” [Med. Image Anal. 18 (2014) 63–82]
Authors: Romain Guibert, Kristin McLeod, Alfonso Caiazzo, Tommaso Mansi, Miguel A. Fernández, Maxime Sermesant, Xavier Pennec, Irene E. Vignon-Clementel, Younes Boudjemline, Jean-Frédéric Gerbeau
Journal: Medical Image Analysis (2014)
Cockroach sensitivity in Norway: a previously unidentified problem?
Authors: K. C Lødrup Carlsen, K. H. Carlsen, M. S. Buchmann, J. Wikstrøm, R. Mehl
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Background: Little is known about cockroach sensitization in Scandinavia, whereas cockroaches are implicated in allergic diseases throughout large parts of the world. In association with the Genetics of Asthma International Network (GAIN) study, we report sensitization to cockroaches and possible association with IgE‐mediated diseases in Norway. Methods: 100 Norwegian families (426 subjects) of 7–35‐year‐old sibling‐pairs with asthma and their parents underwent questionnaire/interview (medical and exposure history), skin prick test (SPT) to common local inhalant allergens and German cockroach, and IgE specific to mites, mosquito, shrimp and cockroach. Cockroach sensitization was defined as positive if there was a positive (≥ 3 mm) skin prick test and/or presence of IgE antibody of class 2 or more. Results: Thirty‐one subjects (7.5%) were sensitized (five monosensitized) to cockroach (27 by skin prick test and seven by IgE antibody, all with additional inhalant allergy). Co‐sensitization was most common to grass (in 61%), cat (48%), dog (48%) and mites (42%). Reported allergic diseases in cockroach‐sensitized subjects were asthma and rhinitis ( n = 10), asthma only ( n = 9), rhinitis only ( n = 2) and neither asthma nor rhinitis ( n = 10). Conclusions: Since cockroach sensitization was relatively frequent in Norwegian atopic families, albeit with unclear clinical implications, we suggest that cockroach allergy should be considered in atopic subjects with respiratory disease.
1036-155 Myocardial viability assessment after primary angioplasty in patients with acute myocardial infarction: Comparison of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging with myocardial contrast echocardiography
Authors: Elena Biagini, Arend F.L Schinkel, Tjebbe Galema, Robbert van Geuns, Pim de Feyter, Folkert J ten Cate
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Does cardioversion of atrial fibrillation result in myocardial damage?
Authors: M J Metcalfe, F Smith, K Jennings, N Paterson
Journal: BMJ (1988)

but this remains high.As women pose the greater diagnostic problem we now perform laparoscopy in all of them before appendicectomy.We hope that this will reduce the number of unnecessary operations further.The rate of complications after removal of a normal appendix is 17%,' which is much higher than that after a diagnostic laparoscopy (3%).Laparoscopy and other diagnostic aids including computers4 and peritoneal aspiration cytology' provide the opportunity to reduce the high rate of unnecessary appendicectomies. 1