tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 18251: Sirt1 Mediates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure in vivo
Authors: Shinichi Oka, Ralph Alcendor, Daniela Zablocki, Peiyong Zhai, Takanobu Yamamoto, Junichi Sadoshima
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of the failing heart. Sirt1, a class III histone deacetylase, plays an important role in mediating transcriptional regulation of metabolic genes in response to stress. The function of endogenous Sirt1 during heart failure is poorly understood. Here we investigated the role of Sirt1 in pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure using genetically altered mouse models, namely cardiac specific Sirt1 heterozygous (Sirt1 +/- ) and homozygous (Sirt1 -/- ) knockout (KO) (C57BL/6) and Sirt1 overexpression (Tg-Sirt1) mice (FVB). These mice were subjected to pressure overload with transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Notably, C57BL/6 mice are more susceptible to TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure than FVB mice. Cardiac hypertrophy induced by 4 weeks of TAC was exacerbated in Tg-Sirt1 (heart weight/body weight (HW/BW, mg/g), Wild type (WT) 6.0, Tg-Sirt1 8.4*, p&lt;0.05 vs WT), whereas it was ameliorated in Sirt1 KO mice (HW/BW, (mg/g), WT 7.9, Sirt1 +/- 6.9*, Sirt1 -/- 6.0*, * p&lt;0.05 vs WT). TAC-induced systolic dysfunction was also exacerbated in Tg-Sirt1 (ejection fraction (EF) (%), WT 71, Tg-Sirt1 48*, p&lt;0.05 vs WT), whereas it was ameliorated in Sirt1 KO mice (EF (%), WT 55, Sirt1 +/- 65*, Sirt1 -/- 63*, * p&lt;0.05 vs WT). The expression of nuclear encoded mitochondrial genes, such as Cpt2, Sdha, Fh1 and Ndufv1, was downregulated by TAC in WT mice, an effect that was normalized in Sirt1 -/- mice (relative mRNA levels vs WT sham, Sdha: WT TAC 0.56, Sirt1 -/- sham 1.2, Sirt1 -/- TAC 0.81*, Ndufv1: WT TAC 0.59, Sirt1 -/- sham 0.84, Sirt1 -/- TAC 1.1*, * p&lt;0.05 vs WT TAC). On the other hand, ATP content was decreased in Tg-Sirt1 mice after TAC (45% reduction vs WT). Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that pressure overload induces recruitment of Sirt1 to the promoter region of these mitochondrial genes (relative promoter occupancy after 4 weeks of TAC, Cpt2 2.6*, Sdha 7.4*, Fh1 5.4*, Ndufv1 5.6*, * p&lt;0.05 vs sham), indicating that endogenous Sirt1 interacts with mitochondrial genes, thereby negatively regulating their expression during TAC. These results suggest that Sirt1 mediates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and failure, possibly through attenuation of mitochondrial function.
Multiple Primary Malignant Neoplasms. The Connecticut Experience, 1935-1964.
Authors: B S Schoenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Results for non-simultaneously diagnosed malignant tumors from Connecticut indicate that individuals with one malignant neoplasm have 1.29 times the risk of developing a new independent primary tumor when compared to individuals who never had cancer (P less than 0.01). However, the increased risk of multiple primary tumors is highly selective on a site-specific basis. Table 135 presents Connecticut Registry data indicating the risk of a subsequent primary malignancy by anatomic site of the later primary in patients with a first primary cancer. Tables 136 and 137 present tabulations for anatomic sites with statistically significant excesses and deficiencies, with an analysis by time interval between the two malignancies. Finally, Table 138 presents figures showing histologic confirmation for site-group paris with significant excesses of observed-over-expected later primary malignant neoplasms. The reader should bear in mind that just as the risk of subsequent primaries varies with the anatomic site of the subsequent primary (Table 135), the risk is also highly dependent upon the anatomic site of the first primary cancer (Chapters 6-12).
Abstract 15277: Interplay Between CD40-TRAF2/3/5 and CD40-TRAF6 Interactions in Diet Induced Obesity
Authors: David Engel, Marjorie Poggi, Linda Beckers, Erwin Wijnands, Pascal Kusters, Ann Driessen, Norbert Gerdes, Esther Lutgens
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: We have recently shown that blocking and genetic deletion of CD40L alleviates adipose tissue inflammation and metabolic manifestations of obesity. Here we hypothesize that loss of CD4...
Heterogeneity of human platelets
Authors: Simon Karpatkin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1969)

In the previous communication, suggestive evidence was presented for large-heavy platelets being "young" platelets and light-small platelets being "old" platelets. Large-heavy, light-small, and total human platelet populations were compared with respect to their platelet function. After addition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP), thrombin, or epinephrine, platelet aggregation time was 3.0-, 4.5-, and 3.3-fold shorter with large-heavy platelets compared with light-small platelets, and large-heavy platelets released 3.7-, 7.6-, and 8.1-fold greater adenosine triphosphate (ATP) into the medium, respectively, than did light-small platelets. After platelet aggregation by thrombin or epinephrine, large-heavy platelets released 6.0- and 3.8-fold more ADP into the medium than did light-small platelets. After platelet aggregation by ADP, light-small platelets consumed 5.9-fold greater added extracellular ADP than did large-heavy platelets.Large-heavy platelets aggregated by ADP, thrombin, or epinephrine released 9.1-, 8.5-, and 12.7-fold greater platelet factor 4 than light-small platelets similarly treated.
Ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia: definition and prevalence
Authors: Nancy C Andreasen, Michael R. Smith, Charles G. Jacoby, James W. Dennert, Scott A. Olsen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

Ventricular enlargement in schizophrenia as measured by ventricular-brain ratio (VBR) has been described by three different research groups. Because of the possibility that the samples might not be representative of the broad population of schizophrenic patients, questions have been raised about generalizability. The authors report on ventricular enlargement in a rigorously defined but representative sample of schizophrenic patients intermittently hospitalized but living in the community. They provide additional evidence that ventricular enlargement does occur in schizophrenic patients, although not at rates as high as those previously reported. Issues related to the definition of ventricular enlargement, as well as the effects of sampling and choice of a control group, are discussed.
Abstract 10145: Multifactorial Risk of Cardiac Mortality and Myocardial Infarction in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. A BARI 2D Substudy
Authors: Bernard R Chaitman, Regina M Hardison, Oscar Marroquin, Maria M Brooks, Dale S Adler, Frederick Feit, Robert L Frye
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  The risk of cardiac death (CD) or myocardial infarction (MI) in pts with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and coronary artery disease (CAD) with stable symptoms may be multifactorial. We studied baseline characteristics of pts enrolled in BARI 2D to determine factors associated with the hazard of CD or MI over an average 5.3 year follow-up.   Methods:  BARI 2D was a 2x2 factorial design trial that randomized 2,368 pts with T2D and angiographic documented CAD to a strategy of intensive medical therapy (IMT) and early coronary revascularization (REV) or IMT alone; or to a strategy of insulin sensitization (IS) or insulin-provision (IP) therapy. Cox univariate regression models were run for each candidate variable, and a stepwise Cox age and gender adjusted regression model was used to determine baseline variables independently related to CD, MI, or CD/MI. Glycemic strategy (IS vs IP), and REV vs IMT randomized treatments, and an indicator for type of intended REV (PCI or CABG) were adjusted for in the models.   Results:  The variables predictive of MI were significantly different from those that predicted CD. Whereas, renal insufficiency, insulin use, prior REV and extent of jeopardized myocardium (myocardial jeopardy score) were independent predictors of MI, the variables predictive of CD were related to left ventricular function, prior history of heart failure, presence of albuminuria, and the number of coronary lesions at baseline (table). Variables correlated with CD/MI were related to left ventricular, renal, and coronary status.   Conclusions:  In this large cohort of patients with T2D and angiographic documented CAD in the BARI 2D trial, risk factors that predict MI are different from those that predict CD. The findings have important implications in identification of specific baseline factors that increase subsequent risk of both major cardiovascular events, and in the examination of potential treatment strategies that reduce the risk of each.
Abstract 4910: Integrated Approach By Using Coronary Flow Velocity Reserve And Coronary Flow Velocity Patterns In Predicting Long-term Adverse Cardiac Events In Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Myeong Ho Yoon, Seung-Jea Tahk, Hong-Seok Lim, Jin-Sun Park, Hyeong-Mo Yang, Un-Jung Choi, Jung-Won Hwang, Hye-Jeon Hong, Soo-Jin Kang, Byoung-Joo Choi, So-Yeon Choi, Gyo-Seung Hwang, Joon-Han Shin
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: The microvascular function was known to be an useful predictor of left ventricular functional changes and clinical outcomes in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). We evaluated the usefulness of integrated approach by using coronary flow velocity reserve (CFR) and diastolic deceleration time (DDT) in the prediction of long-term major adverse cardiac events in STEMI. Methods and Results: Using an intracoronary Doppler wire, CFR, DDT and hyperemic microvascular resistance index (MVRI) were evaluated in 202 patients with first STEMI received reperfusion therapy within 24 hours after onset of symptoms. Major adverse cardiac events were the composite of cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure and stroke during an average follow-up period of 60 ± 39 months. Follow-up echocardiography was performed at 12 ± 9 months. CFR, DDT and MVRI had significant correlations with left ventricular regional wall motion score index at follow-up echocardiography (r =−0.441, p&lt;0.001; r = 0.413, p&lt;0.001; r =−0.485, p&lt;0.001, respectively). Using receiver-operating characteristics analysis, CFR ≤1.3 (sensitivity: 51%, specificity: 78%), DDT ≤577 ms (sensitivity: 72%, specificity: 62%) and MVRI &gt;2.7 (sensitivity: 68%, specificity: 67%) were the best cutoff values in the prediction of occurring the adverse cardiac events. In patients with CFR ≤1.3, DDT ≤577 ms, cardiac events were occurred in 18 patients (40.0 %) of 45 patients, whereas cardiac events were occurred in 12 patients (20.3%) of 59 patients with CFR &gt;1.3 and DDT ≤577 ms or CFR ≤1.3 and DDT &gt;577 ms (p= 0.048), 9 patients (9.1%) of 99 patients with CFR&gt;1.3 and DDT &gt;577 ms (p&lt;0.001). Ejection fraction at admission (p=0.009), MVRI (p =0.002) and DDT (p=0.023) were independent predictors in the prediction of long-term adverse cardiac outcomes during follow-up. Conclusions: Integrated approach by using CFR and DDT was useful in the prediction of long-term adverse cardiac events. MVRI and DDT were strong independent predictors of long-term adverse cardiac events in STEMI patients.
Abstract 4868: A Third Troponin Sample is Not Cost-effective in Patients Suspected of Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Karam Sadoon Majeed Al-Zuhairi, Søren Hjortshøj, Søren R Kristensen, Jan Ravkilde
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Objective The American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology joint Task Force guidelines from 2007 suggest that troponins, which is the preferred cardiac biomarker in diagnosing acute myocardial infarction (MI), should be assessed by blood sampling at admission and 6 –9 hours later. In many institutions, a third blood sample 12–24 hours after admission is routinely drawn. The aim of the present study was to evaluate cost-effectiveness of this third blood sample of troponin. Methods We investigated 534 patients who were admitted with chest pain and suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Blood samples for cardiac troponin T (cTnT) analysis were obtained on arrival, after 6 –9 hours, and after 12–24 hours. Acute MI was defined according to the universal definition of MI, with cTnT above 99th percentile, given a coefficient of variability of &lt; 10%. For cost-benefit calculation, total costs per patient were estimated as: One additional cTnT analysis (USD 15) + prolonged hospital stay (0.5 day × USD 1,000). Results Of 534 patients admitted with suspected ACS, 124 patients (23 %) had at least one increased cTnT value. Among these only 4 patients (3.2 %) had cTnT values increased in the third blood sample while the first two samples were normal (p &lt; 0.003). All 4 patients were eligible to be referred to coronary angiography due to their risk profile and electrocardiographic changes even before the result of the third sample became available. Cost-benefit analysis: Incremental costs in our hospital, attributed to the third cTnT sample, can be calculated as: (534 × USD 15 per cTnT sample) + (534−124 pts × 0.5 day × USD 1,000) = USD 213,010. Approximately 1,400 patients with suspected ACS are admitted to our department per year. Thus, the total incremental cost per year is: (1,400/534) × USD 213,010 = USD 558,453. Conclusion: A third blood sample to measure cTnT should not be performed as it adds no further important information regarding the patient’s treatment or investigations plan. On the contrary, it leads to an unnecessary extension of the hospital stay and increased costs.
Low-Dose Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography With Prospective Electrocardiogram Triggering
Authors: Ronny R. Buechel, Lars Husmann, Bernhard A. Herzog, Aju P. Pazhenkottil, Rene Nkoulou, Jelena R. Ghadri, Valerie Treyer, Patrick von Schulthess, Philipp A. Kaufmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Theatres idle almost 1 week in 4 in east of Ireland
Authors: D. Payne
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Methylphenidate works in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder by increasing levels of dopamine in children's brains, according to a study reported in the Journal of Neuroscience (2001;21:121).

Previous research in animals and people had shown that methylphenidate (Ritalin) increases dopamine levels, but the studies involved injections of doses much higher than normally prescribed to children.

To see whether the smaller oral doses of methylphenidate that are usually prescribed to children have the same effects, the researchers, led by Dr Nora Volkow at the Brookhaven National Laboratory in Upton, New York, scanned the …
Abstract 18045: Can Metabolic Syndrome Predict the Vulnerable Plaque in Patients with Stable Angina Pectoris?: Virtual Histology-Intravascular Ultrasound Analysis
Authors: Min Goo Lee, Myung Ho Jeong, Keun Ho Park, Doo Sun Sim, Young Joon Hong, Ju Han Kim, Youngkeun Ahn, Jung Chaee Kang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background- Vulnerable plaque (VP) in coronary artery can progress to plaque rupture and thrombosis, and have a strong potential to induce acute coronary syndrome. Many studies have demonstrated that metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and related mortalities. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of MS on VP in the patients with stable angina pectoris (SAP). Methods and Results- From September 2007 to June 2010, a total of 239 patients with SAP who underwent coronary angiogram and intravascular ultrasound were categorized into two groups: MS group (n = 100, 56 men, 64.7 ± 9.5 years) and non-MS group (n = 139, 98 men, 60.2 ± 8.4 years). National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III guideline was used to determine the presence of MS and diverse variables containing IVUS findings were compared between two groups. MS group were older age and more likely to be women than non-MS group (p &lt;0.001, p = 0.021, respectively). MS group showed more frequent multivessel involvement (p = 0.026) and had more distal target vessel in coronary artery (p = 0.005) than non-MS group, but IVUS finding containing the plaque burden showed no significant difference between two groups. In addition, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level as the criteria of MS (male &lt;40 mg/dl, female &lt;50 mg/dl) was observed in VP group more than stable plaque group (p = 0.020), but the prevalence of MS and other components of MS were not different between two groups. Multivariate analysis using logistic regression for the presence of VP showed that the independent predictor is the low HDL cholesterol level (odds ratio = 3.563, 95% confidence interval = 1.370-9.269, p = 0.009). Conclusions- Low HDL cholesterol level, but not MS, is the independent predictor of VP as a culprit lesion in SAP patients.
Abstract 1681: Evaluation of Quantitative Myocardial Perfusion MRI and TIMI myocardial blush grade (Blush score)
Authors: Hiroshi Nakajima, Shinya Okamoto, Hajime Sakuma, Tairo Kurita, Motonori Nagata, Naoki Fujimoto, Ishida Masaki, Kan Takeda, Masaaki Ito
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The TIMI myocardial blush grade (MBG) has been shown to be a strong angiographic predictor of mortality in patients with TIMI 3 flow after primary angioplasty. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between regional myocardial perfusion quantified by cardiac magnetic resonance and angiographic reperfusion score defined by MBG. Methods: We studied 29 consecutive patients (25 men, age 63±13 years) with ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction (LAD lesion: 12, RCA lesion: 16, LCx lesion: 2) who underwent primary angioplasty within 6 hours from the onset and showed TIMI grade 3. MBG was determined on angiography at the end of angioplasty. All patients underwent rest myocardial perfusion MRI during initial hospitalization, and regional MBF (ml/min/g) was quantified by using a Patlak plot method. Myocardial perfusion (MP) ratio was calculated from quantitative perfusion MRI, as MBF in infarction area/MBF in normal area. The optimal cut-off value of MP ratio that can predict MBG 3 on coronary angiography was determined by using a receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: In 29 patients with TIMI 3 flow after angioplasty, 4 patients had MBG 0–1, 7 had MBG 2 and 18 had MBG 3. The MP ratio in MBG 3 group calculated from quantitative perfusion MRI was significantly higher than the MP ratios in MBG 0 –1 group and MBG 2 group (0.96±0.18 vs. 0.48±0.25, P&lt;0.001; 0.96±0.18 vs. 0.66±0.19, P=0.003, respectively). There was no significant difference between the MP ratios in MBG 0 –1 group and MBG 2 group. The ROC curve revealed that MP ratio of 0.74 is an optimal threshold to distinguish MBG 3 from MBG 0 –2, with a high area under the curve of 0.90. Conclusions: The result of this study demonstrates that MP ratio quantified from rest perfusion MRI correlated well with MBG on coronary angiography.
Abstract 14151: G-alphai/o Protein C-Terminal Peptides Constitutively Expressed in the Posterior Left Atrium by Non-Viral Plasmid Vectors Significantly Attenuate Vagal-Induced Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Gary Aistrup, Ivan Cokic, Jason Ng, David Gordon, Hemanth Koduri, Suzanne Browne, J. Andrew Wasserstrom, Jeffrey Goldberger, Alan Kadish, Rishi Arora
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Present drug and ablative therapies for atrial fibrillation (AF) have suboptimal efficacy largely due to insufficient targeting and the accompanying systemic side-effects. Constitutive expression o...
Abstract 287: Rosiglitazone Regulates Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3{beta} via a PPAR-{gamma} Independent mechanism, and Reduces Neointimal Hyperplasia after Vascular Injury
Authors: Sung-Hwan Kim, Choon-Soo Lee, Han-Mo Yang, Kyung-Woo Park, Hyun-Jae Kang, Hyo-Soo Kim
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 1969: Relationship of Right Ventricular Diastolic Function by Pulsed Tissue Doppler Imaging with Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Yumi Shiina, Nobusada Funabashi, Kwangho Lee, Masao Daimon, Tai Sekine, Miyuki Kawakubo, Yukiko Sekine, Maiko Takahashi, Rei Yajima, Yu Wakatsuki, Nobuhiro Tanabe, Takayuki Kuriyama, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Purpose: Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction is an important cause of mortality in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and elevated serum level of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is also associated with poor prognosis in those patients. We evaluated relationship of RV diastolic function calculated by pulsed tissue doppler imaging (TDI) with BNP in patients with PH using multiple regression analysis. Materials and methods: In consecutive 91 patients with pulmonary hypertension (64 with chronic pulmonary thromboembolis (CPTE), 13 with primary PH and 13 with PH due to collagen disease), systolic wave (Sw) early diastolic wave(Ew) atrial wave (Aw) at tricuspid annulus and early (E) and atrial (A) RV inflow waves were obtained from 4-chamber view and E/Ew of RV was calculated as the parameter of RV diastolic function using TDI (Aplio 80 SSA-770A, Toshiba, Japan). BNP and other echo parameters including estimated pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) and cardiac output (CO) were also obtained. Result: In all subjects, elevated PASP (mean 64±33 mmHg) and BNP (mean 161±198 pq/dl) could be observed. BNP was positively correlated with E/Ew of RV, Aw and PASP(r=0.43, 0.24, and r=0.24, respectively all p&lt;0.01). Next all predictor variables were used in a multiple regression model with serum BNP values as dependent variables, which was refined to include 2 predictors: E/Ew of RV, and PASP. And here, E/Ew of RV and PASP significantly influenced the serum BNP value (p&lt;0.01) by the multiple regression formula Y =22.9X1** + 2.12X2 ** ** P values&lt;0.01. Y=BNP level, X1=E/Ew of RV, X2=PASP (standard regression coefficients were 0.43 and 0.31, respectively) Conclusion: BNP were significantly correlated with RV diastolic dysfunction obtained by TDI in subjects with PH and increment of BNP may have relationship of decrement of RV diastolic function in those subjects.
Comparison of Midregional Pro-Atrial and B-Type Natriuretic Peptides in Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Deddo Moertl, Rudolf Berger, Joachim Struck, Andreas Gleiss, Alexandra Hammer, Nils G. Morgenthaler, Andreas Bergmann, Martin Huelsmann, Richard Pacher
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)