tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF ABDOMINAL HEMORRHAGE.
Authors: H. S. HOLLENBECK
Journal: JAMA (1906)

The need of a means of detecting abdominal hemorrhage promptly, surely and safely has long been felt, and the inadequacy of present methods is so generally recognized that no discussion of that phase of the subject is necessary at this time.  Serious abdominal injuries are comparatively common, and it is well known that a large percentage of them are fatal. In those cases of abdominal injury in which severe hemorrhage results the majority of the patients die within an hour, while in other cases, in which the injury may have been just as severe, the hemorrhage may be insignificant and yet sepsis may follow. The signs of sepsis do not appear at once, but are delayed, so that by the time a positive diagnosis can be made in the majority of cases operation is useless.  To complicate the problem of diagnosis, the majority of cases of abdominal injury are found
Concealed intraventricular conduction in the His bundle electrogram.
Authors: H C Cohen, I D'Cruz, A Pick
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Multiple areas of concealed intraventricular conduction are deduced on the basis of aftereffects observed in His bundle recordings. Electrocardiograms and His bundle recordings are presented from two patients with unstable bilateral bundle branch block, the instability of which depended on the interval at which ventricular depolarization was initiated by sinus or paced impulses. This circumstance allows postulation of 1) concealed transseptal retrograde penetration of the left bundle branch system; 2) concealed transseptal retrograde penetration of the right bundle branch system; 3) alternate beat Wenckebach phenomenon with two areas of block in the bundle branch system with concealed penetration of the proximal area; 4) concealed re-entry in the right bundle branch system during an H-V Wenckebach cycle with resetting of the sequence of 2:1 H-V block and return of the re-entry wave to the A-V node causing subsequent A-H block; 5) proximal 2:1 block and distal Wenckebach block producing only two consecutively blocked beats; and 6) infrahisian Wenckebach block with changes both in A-V conduction and QRS contour.
What Is the Real Contribution of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Postprandial Glucose in Predicting HbA1c and Overall Blood Glucose Control?
Authors: Salvatore Caputo, Dario Pitocco, Valeria Ruotolo, Giovanni Ghirlanda
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

We read with interest the consensus statement of the American Diabetes Association on postprandial blood glucose published in the April 2001 issue of Diabetes Care (1). We are concerned about the following consensus position in that report regarding the relation among postprandial glucose (PPG), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and HbA1c: “In summary, there are insufficient data to determine accurately the relative contribution of the FPG and PPG to HbA1c. It appears that FPG is somewhat better than PPG in predicting HbA …
The Clinical Importance of Acquired Abnormalities of Platelet Function
Authors: James N. George, Sanford J. Shattil
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

ACQUIRED abnormalities of platelet function are very common. Platelet function, as assessed by in vitro studies or the bleeding-time test, is affected by a vast number of drugs, common foods, vitamins, and spices; by systemic conditions such as chronic renal disease and surgery requiring cardiopulmonary bypass; and by hematologic disorders such as myeloproliferative and lymphoproliferative diseases, dysproteinemias, and the presence of antiplatelet antibodies. The possibility that these abnormalities may underlie an increased risk of bleeding is an important issue when bleeding occurs without a clear cause or when invasive procedures are required. However, the clinical importance of platelet dysfunction is . . .
Has Ritalin replaced the rod?
Authors: I. McClure
Journal: BMJ (2012)

<b>1063</b> <h3><b>Learning Objectives</b></h3> 1. Review liver segmental anatomy. 2. Review PET/CT liver segmental anatomy to localize liver masses. 3. Standardize reporting of localization of liver lesions based on segmental anatomy of the liver. <h3></h3> Nuclear medicine physicians need to report liver lesions in a unified manner to improve communication with surgeons and oncologists. Liver segmentation based on Couinaud’s nomenclature is an accepted reporting method with surgical relevance. The liver segments are defined by their relationships to the vascular structures with potential application of preoperative determination and feasibility of hepatic lesion resection. Newer PET/CT scanners with higher spatial resolution permit better visualization of hepatic segments. The accuracy in localization of liver masses in PET/CT varies among different readers. We present PET/CT images that illustrate the segmental liver anatomy to improve accuracy in localization of hepatic masses
Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Stiff Person Syndrome
Authors: Sheilagh Sanders, Christopher Bredeson, C. Elizabeth Pringle, Lisa Martin, David Allan, Isabelle Bence-Bruckler, Linda Hamelin, Harry S. Hopkins, Mitchell Sabloff, Dawn Sheppard, Jason Tay, Lothar Huebsch, Harold L. Atkins
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2014)

<h3>Importance</h3> Stiff person syndrome (SPS) is a rare neurological disease causing significant functional disability for patients and presenting a therapeutic challenge for clinicians. Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) has been used successfully to remit autoimmune-mediated neurological diseases. We report 2 cases of severe SPS treated with auto-HSCT, a novel therapy for this disease. <h3>Observations</h3> Two anti–glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody–positive patients with SPS had an autologous hematopoietic stem cell graft collected and stored. Subsequently, the patients underwent auto-HSCT. Both patients achieved clinical remission with sustained, marked improvement in symptoms and a return to premorbid functioning, now more than 2.5 and 4.5 years after the procedure. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Stiff person syndrome represents a novel indication for auto-HSCT. The resolution of clinical manifestations of SPS despite the persistence of anti–glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies following auto-HSCT suggests that the antibody does not play a direct role in pathogenesis of SPS.
Study shows that tobacco firms covertly hired scientists
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The tobacco industry recruited and managed an international network of more than 80 scientific and medical experts in Europe, Asia, and elsewhere in a bid to avoid regulations on secondhand smoke, a new report says.

In one year, 1991, the budget for the programme for Europe alone was $3.3m (£1.9m, €2.8m), say the authors of the report ( European Journal of Public Health 2006;16; 69-77).

The consultants on environmental tobacco smoke, also known as whitecoats, were paid and managed by US lawyers working for the industry, and one of …
Statistical Issues in Translational Cancer Research
Authors: Stephen L. George
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract The explosion of knowledge about the basic biological processes and the genetics of cancer has led to increasing optimism that this knowledge can be put to practical clinical use in the near future. Indeed, important examples of translational approaches can already be found in the areas of drug discovery and development, disease diagnosis and classification, selection of therapeutic regimens for individual patients, and designing clinical trials. These are important developments but, as with any new approach, there is a danger of unwarranted enthusiasm and premature clinical application of laboratory results based on insufficient evidence. To carry out the translation of knowledge into practice with maximal efficiency and effectiveness, it is essential to conduct studies with appropriate designs and analyses based on sound statistical principles. This article provides an overview of some of these principles applied to assay development, validation of predictive models, and the design of clinical trials for targeted therapies.
In vivo assessment with prick-to-prick testing and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge of allergenicity of apple cultivars
Authors: Suzanne T.H.P. Bolhaar, W. Eric van de Weg, Ronald van Ree, Eloina Gonzalez-Mancebo, Laurian Zuidmeer, Carla A.F.M. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, Montserrat Fernandez-Rivas, Johannes Jansen, Karin Hoffmann-Sommergruber, André C. Knulst, Luud J.W.J. Gilissen
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2005)
An immunohistopathological study on the synthesis of immunoglobulins and complement in normal and pathological skin and the adjacent mucous membranes
Authors: R.F.M.LAI A FAT, R. H. CORMANE, R.VAN FURTH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

To visualize the cells in skin and mucous membranes in which synthesis of immunoglobulins and complement had been demonstrated, the direct and indirect immunofluorescence techniques were applied, using a fluorescence microscope with epi-illumination, and blue narrow-band excitation light. Ig-positive cells were found in the lesional skin of patients with discoid lupus erythematosus, (bullous) pemphigoid, dermatitis herpctiformis, mycosis fungoides, atopic dermatitis, and lichen planus, and in the normal mucous membranes deriving from the conjunctiva, the nasal septum, the oral cavity and vagina, but not in the normal skin. The lesional skin showed mainly IgG-positive cells, and the mucous membranes generally had IgG- and IgA-positive cells. In the mucous membranes, with the exception of the oral mucosa, there was a predominance of IgA-positive cells. The Ig-positive cells were morphologically plasma cells and lymphocytes, and occurred not in groups but scattered in the dermis of the skin and in the lamina propria of the mucous membranes. These cells could be distinguished rather easily from eosinophilic granulocytes, which showed nonspecific fluorescence. The results of the immunofluorescence study were in good agreement with those obtained with the tissue culture technique. Complement-positive cells could not be demonstrated with the polyvalent antiserum used. A possible explanation for this failure is discussed.
Quality of Care in Prostate Cancer: Important to Start and Too Important to Stop Here
Authors: James A. Talcott
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Article Tools EDITORIALS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2003.03.038 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print November 1, 2016 PMID: 12743141 Quality of Care in Prostate Cancer: Important to Start and Too Important to Stop Here James A. TalcottxJames A. TalcottSearch for articles by this author Show More Center for Outcomes Research, MGH Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2003.03.038 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "Quality of Care in Prostate Cancer: Important to Start and Too Important to Stop Here." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 21(10), pp. 1902–1903© 2003 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
PTU-099 Discovery of Potential Plasma Biomarkers of Cholangiocarcinoma Utilising Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS)
Authors: C A Wadsworth, V M Horneffer-van der Sluis, A Zabron, S D Taylor-Robinson, R J Edwards, S A Khan
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a malignant neoplasm of the bile duct. Diagnosis of CC is hampered by the inadequate performance of current plasma markers of disease, particularly in patients with preexisting primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We aimed to identify potential new protein biomarkers of CC <h3>Methods</h3> In an initial discovery study, blood plasma samples from 18 subjects with CC, 17 with PSC and 10 healthy controls were subjected to SELDI-TOF MS. Comparisons of m/z peak intensity were made between groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. Differentiating m/z peaks were then confirmed in a further validation study of 81 subjects with CC, 54 with PSC and 90 healthy controls. Pearson´s correlation was used to investigate the relationship of each m/z peak´s intensity to routine laboratory indices. Diagnostic performance was investigated using receiver operator characteristic area-under-the curve (ROC-AUC) analyses. Multiple linear regression was used to investigate the performance of combinations of differentiating m/z peaks, as well as the combination of m/z peaks with routine laboratory markers (including CA19–9). <h3>Results</h3> Seven differentially expressed m/z peaks were identified in the CC group and these were subsequently confirmed in the validation study (p = 2.6 × 10–4 to 9.4 × 10–13). The intensity of the seven m/z peaks of interest did not correlate with creatinine, ALP, bilirubin, CRP, white cell count or CA19–9. A panel of three peaks discriminated CC from PSC subjects with ROC-AUC of 0.76 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 64%). A panel of five peaks discriminated CC subjects from healthy controls with ROC-AUC of 0.90 (sensitivity 95%, specificity 74%). Addition of routine laboratory indices did not change the diagnostic performance of these models significantly. <h3>Conclusion</h3> SELDI-TOF has been used to successfully identify seven m/z peaks that are differentially intense in CC subjects (total n = 99), when compared to PSC subjects (n = 64) and healthy controls (n = 107). These peaks appear to be independent of standard markers of renal impairment, cholestasis, sepsis and inflammation, as well as CA19–9. Individually, and more so in combination, these peaks exceed the expected diagnostic performance of CA19–9, particularly in discriminating CC from PSC. Work to identify the proteins represented by these m/z peaks is ongoing. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp following surgery
Authors: A.M LAYTON, W.J CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

A 53‐year‐old woman presented with erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp 6 weeks after a bifrontal skin flap and right frontal craniotomy had been performed for removal of a suprasellar meningioma. Although some authors consider that acute local trauma is a precipitating factor for this condition,1–5 we believe that this is the first reported case following a neurosurgical procedure.
Population-Based Survey of Urinary Incontinence, Overactive Bladder, and Other Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Five Countries: Results of the EPIC Study
Authors: Debra E. Irwin, Ian Milsom, Steinar Hunskaar, Kate Reilly, Zoe Kopp, Sender Herschorn, Karin Coyne, Con Kelleher, Christian Hampel, Walter Artibani, Paul Abrams
Journal: European Urology (2006)
Diagnosis and management of supraventricular tachycardia
Authors: Z. I. Whinnett, S. M. A. Sohaib, D. W. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2012)

#### Summary points

#### Sources and selection criteria

As well as using our personal reference collections, we searched PubMed to identify peer reviewed original articles, meta-analyses, observational studies, and reviews, as well as searching Clinical Evidence (http://clinicalevidence.bmj.com) and the Cochrane Collaboration databases. We used the search terms supraventricular tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia, atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia, atrial flutter, atrial tachycardia, Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. 

We selected randomised controlled studies or meta-analyses when available; if none were available, we used observational studies and registry data.

The term supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) encompasses many tachycardias in which atrial or atrioventricular nodal tissue are essential for sustaining the arrhythmia (box 1). In practice, however, the term SVT is generally used to refer to atrioventricular nodal re-entry tachycardia (AVNRT), atrioventricular re-entry tachycardia (AVRT), and atrial tachycardia1; in this review we follow that convention. We reviewed the literature to provide an up to date summary of our understanding of the mechanism for these arrhythmias, and we describe the approach to their diagnosis and management. Atrial fibrillation has been reviewed recently2 so is not discussed in detail here. Much of the clinical evidence in this field is derived from observational and registry data, with a limited number of …
Robot-assisted Simple Prostatectomy for Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Enlargement: Surgical Technique and Outcomes in a High-volume Robotic Centre
Authors: Morgan Pokorny, Giacomo Novara, Nicolas Geurts, Zach Dovey, Ruben De Groote, Achilles Ploumidis, Peter Schatteman, Geert de Naeyer, Alexandre Mottrie
Journal: European Urology (2015)
Transplantation of microcarrier-attached hepatocytes into 90% partially hepatectomized rats
Authors: Achilles A. Demetriou, Andrew Reisner, Jay Sanchez, Stanley M. Levenson, Albert D. Moscioni, Roy J. Chowdhury
Journal: Hepatology (1988)

We previously reported a method of intraperitoneal transplantation of liver cells attached to collagen-coated microcarriers, which resulted in prolonged survival and function of the transplanted cells. In the present study, we evaluated the efficacy of liver cell transplantation in providing metabolic support during acute liver insufficiency induced by 90% partial hepatectomy in rats. Ninety per cent of the liver mass (all lobes except the caudate lobe) was resected, and the rats were provided with 5% dextrose orally ad libitum upon regaining consciousness. This regimen results in severe hypoglycemia and death within 48 hr. When microcarrier-attached liver cells were transplanted into syngeneic and allogeneic recipients 3 days prior to 90% partial hepatectomy, significantly higher blood glucose levels were observed (p &lt; 0.01), compared to the levels in control rats which received injections of microcarriers, liver cells or medium alone. There was a marked improvement in longterm survival (40% survived longer than 28 days; p &lt; 0.001) in rats transplanted with microcarriers-attached cells. None of the rats given injections of microcarriers, liver cells or medium alone survived beyond 5 days. When liver cells alone or attached to microcarriers were injected intraperitoneally immediately after 90% partial hepatectomy, all rats became hypoglycemic and died within 48 hr, suggesting that vascularization of the transplant is required for function of the transplanted hepatocytes. The results indicate that intraperitoneal transplantation of microcarrier-attached hepatocytes prior to 90% partial hepatectomy in rats provides acute metabolic support resulting in improved survival.
B-Cell Lymphosarcoma Cell Leukemia: Dynamics of Surface-Membrane Immunoglobulin
Authors: HARVEY JAY COHEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Circulating abnormal lymphoid cells in patients with lymphosarcoma cell leukemia show intense fluorescence when stained with fluoroscein-labeled anti-immunoglobulin. The fluorescence is brighter than normal B cells in contrast with chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, which have much weaker fluorescence than normal. Also in striking contrast with chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, lymphosarcoma cell leukemia cells redistribute the surface immunoglobulin rapidly during incubation at 37 °C to form bright caps. In this respect they more closely resemble normal B cells than chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. In addition, in sequential studies, the appearance of these characteristics among the circulating cells of patients with lymphoma has been shown at a time when the appearance of a leukemic phase was equivocal morphologically. Thus these cellular characteristics may be helpful in the early diagnosis of a leukemic phase of lymphoma as well as distinguishing these cells from those in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
4. Appropriateness of Gastroscopy: Atypical Chest Pain 1
Authors: J.-P. Vader *, T. Larequi-Lauber *, F. Froehlich **, B. Burnand *, R. W. Dubois ***, J.-J. Gonvers **
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Atypical chest pain (ACP) can be defined as “chest pain in patients with no objective evidence of coronary heart disease” [1]. In the USA, about 30 % of the 600 000 patients who undergo coronary angiography every year for presumed cardiac pain are found to have no abnormality of the coronary arteries and are referred to a gastroenterologist for esophageal evaluation [2]. 90 000 - 200 000 new cases of ACP are diagnosed every year in the USA [2] [3] [4] .
Adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and molecular failure display a poor prognosis and are candidates for stem cell transplantation and targeted therapies
Authors: Nicola Gökbuget, Michael Kneba, Thorsten Raff, Heiko Trautmann, Claus-Rainer Bartram, Renate Arnold, Rainer Fietkau, Mathias Freund, Arnold Ganser, Wolf-Dieter Ludwig, Georg Maschmeyer, Harald Rieder, Stefan Schwartz, Hubert Serve, Eckhard Thiel, Monika Brüggemann, Dieter Hoelzer
Journal: Blood (2012)
P1222 A PHASE II STUDY OF SAMATASVIR (IDX719) IN COMBINATION WITH SIMEPREVIR AND RIBAVIRIN IN TREATMENT-NAÏVE HCV-INFECTED SUBJECTS WITH GENOTYPES 1B AND 4 (HELIX-1 STUDY)
Authors: E. Lawitz, M. Rodriguez-Torres, T. Nguyen, A. Sheikh, H. Tobias, J. Galati, J. Hill, A. Lok, D. Nelson, G. Dubuc Patrick, J. Chen, D. Frank, X.J. Zhou, Z. Sullivan-Bolyai, D. Mayers
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Troponin I in acute decompensated heart failure: insights from the ASCEND‐HF study
Authors: G. Michael Felker, Vic Hasselblad, W.H. Wilson Tang, Adrian F. Hernandez, Paul W. Armstrong, Gregg C. Fonarow, Adriaan A. Voors, Marco Metra, John J.V. McMurray, Javed Butler, Gretchen M. Heizer, Kenneth Dickstein, Barry M. Massie, Dan Atar, Richard W. Troughton, Stefan D. Anker, Robert M. Califf, Randall C. Starling, Christopher M. O'Connor
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Letter to the Editor Regarding the 5th Global Forum on Bioethics in Research
Authors: Dirceu B. Greco, Bebe Loff, Dafna Feinholz, Dirce Guilhem, Carel CB IJsselmuiden, Udo Schuklenk, Juan Carlos Tealdi
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2004)

"Letter to the Editor Regarding the 5th Global Forum on Bioethics in Research." The American Journal of Bioethics, 4(4), p. W38
On the Comparison of Diagnosis and Management of Melanoma Between Dermatologists and MelaFind
Authors: Anthony R. Cukras
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

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