tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 651: An in Vitro Model to Test Possible Adverse Effects of Electrical Devices on ICD Function
Authors: Madeleine T Friedman, Theodore J MacVeigh, Peter L Friedman
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Devices such as capsules swallowed to perform video endoscopy (VE-CAP) or cell phones equipped with Bluetooth® (BLUE) emit electrical signals which could have adverse effects on implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs). We sought to study whether signals from VE-CAP or BLUE could cause spurious inhibition of ventricular pacing (VP i ) or spurious detection of ventricular fibrillation (VF d ) in an in vitro model. A Medtronic D154ATG single chamber ICD was attached to a Medtronic 6948 lead and placed in a saline bath. The ICD was programmed to perform VVI pacing at 60 beats per minute (bpm) and to detect ventricular fibrillation as rates in excess of 188 bpm, with sensitivity programmed at 0.15 mV. ICD therapies were programmed off. A VE-CAP was placed in the saline bath 1 cm. and 6 cm. from the lead tip (LEAD) and then 1 cm. and 6 cm. from the ICD pulse generator (CAN). Marker channels recorded by wireless telemetry from the ICD were used to determine whether the VE-CAP caused interaction (+) or no interaction (−). BLUE was tested in similar fashion. Radiofrequency (RF) electocautery from a Bovie, which is known to result in VP i and VF d , was applied to the saline bath 1 and 6 cm from the lead and 1 and 6 cm from the pulse generator as a control. The results were as follows: ICD lead tips in the right ventricular apex overlie the diaphragm and are often within 1 cm of the transverse colon. However, even at this distance, interaction between a VE-CAP and an ICD resulting in VP i or VF d is unlikely to occur. Capsule video endoscopy in patients with ICDs should be safe, even in patients who are pacemaker dependent. Similarly, BLUE is unlikely to cause VP i or VF d, and should be safe in such patients.
Abstract 17875: Endothelial Cell Insulin Sensitivity and Nitric Oxide Bioavailability Are Regulated by Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Insulin Receptor Levels
Authors: Hema Viswambharan, Helen Imrie, Afroze Abbas, Matthew Gage, Matthew Kahn, Adil Rajwani, Nadira Yuldasheva, Shouhong Xuan, Vivek Baliga, Jessica Surr, Richard Cubbon, Stephen Wheatcroft, Mark Kearney
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The growth promoting hormone Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) similar to insulin may be an important regulator of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. We have previously reported in two murine mo...
Hand
Authors: Otto Chan, Tudor Hughes
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The hand is exposed and at risk of injury.It is therefore not surprising that hand injuries are the commonest skeletal injuries, and they account for 10-20% of attendances at accident and emergency departments.Fractures of the phalanges are more common than fractures of the metacarpals.Fractures of the distal phalanx account for half of all phalangeal fractures.Metacarpal injuries occur most commonly in the thumb and little finger.Most injuries of the hands are easy to detect and correlate well with clinical findings.Identification of injuries is essential because early detection and appropriate management usually leads to recovery of normal function.Conversely, delay in diagnosis of what seems to be a minor abnormality can lead to a severe disability.Surgery is rarely necessary and only indicated for specific injuries.Clinical examination determines which radiographic views should be obtained.
Action of iron and fructose on gene expression in human liver cells
Authors: Tatiana Christides, Paul Sharp
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

Introduction: Evidence suggests that iron and fructose may play a role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) – the most common liver disorder in the developed world. Furthermore, there is evidence that chemical interactions between iron and fructose generate hepatotoxic metabolites that could contribute to NAFLD progression; however, other studies have shown that fructose sequesters iron and is protective against iron-induced oxidative stress. Previously we showed fructose increased liver iron uptake. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iron and fructose - alone and in combination - on gene expression in human liver cells.
Methods: HepG2 hepatoma cells were treated with 1μM ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) and 15 mM fructose for 24 hours, and then harvested for RNA. Gene expression was assessed using Affymetrix Genechip Human Genome microarray and subsequent bioinformatic analysis using GeneGo Metacore software.
Results: Treatment of cells with fructose and FAC together decreased the expression of signalling proteins in two major pathways implicated in development of inflammatory liver disease: transforming growth factor β (TGF β) - as evidenced by lowered gene expression of SMAD2 and SMAD3 - and STAT3/NF-κB. Fructose treatment alone activated complement pathways with increased expression of C3, C5 convertase and the membrane attack complex.
Discussion and Conclusion: Our results suggest that hepatic fructose-iron interactions are anti-inflammatory, possibly via fructose induced iron sequestration; fructose alone, however, may cause inflammation by increasing activity of the innate immune system. The liver is continually exposed to both iron and fructose via the portal circulation system. Further research is essential to assess the roles of iron and fructose metabolism in the development and progression of NAFLD.
P0771 : C-SCAPE: Efficacy and safety of 12 weeks of grazoprevir +/- elbasvir +/- ribavirin in patients with HCV GT2, 4, 5 or 6 infection
Authors: A. Brown, C. Hezode, E. Zuckerman, G. Foster, A. Zekry, S. Roberts, A. Howe, C. Durkan, C. Badshah, B. Zhang, M. Robertson, J. Wahl, E. Barr, B. Haber
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Abstract 12516: Changes of Electrophysiological Data Through the Life in the Preexcitation Syndrome
Authors: Béatrice Brembilla-Perrot, Pierre Yves Zinzius, Hadil Khachab, Soumaya Jarmouni, Franck Laporte, Lucian Muresan, Etienne Aliot, Jérôme Schwartz, Daniel Beurrier, Marius Andronache, Anne Moulin-Zinsch, Francois Marcon
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: The number of accessory pathway (AP) ablations has dramatically increased and the natural follow-up of Wolff-Parkinson White syndrome (WPW) becomes not possible. Changes of electrophysiological data were reported. The purpose of the study was to report the clinical and electrophysiological data of patients with a WPW, studied within 1 to 20 years of one another to evaluate the changes of the data. Methods: 2 baseline EPS were performed within 1 to 20 years of one another (mean 9 y ± 4) in 62 patients, 37 males and 25 females, aged initially from 10 to 67 y (31±15), with a patent WPW. First electrophysiological study (EPS) was indicated for syncope (n=7), atrioventricular reentrant tachycardias (AVRT) (n=34), atrial fibrillation (AF) (n=5) or for asymptomatic preexcitation (n= 16). The protocol was similar: the higher rate conducted through AP was measured and programmed atrial stimulation with 1 and 2 ES performed in control state (CS) and after isoproterenol. Results: At 2 nd study, among patients studied for syncope at study 1, 2 have still syncope, 2 have AVRT, 1 has rapid AF, and 2 are asymptomatic. Among patients with AVRT at study 1, 25 have AVRT, 7 are asymptomatic and 2 have AF. Among patients with AF, 4 have still AF and 1 is asymptomatic. Among asymptomatic patients, 3 have a spontaneous malignant form, 7 remain asymptomatic, 3 have AVRT, 1 has syncope and 1 has AF. All AVRT's or AF's occurred in patients with inducible AVRT or AF at EPS 1. The higher rate conducted by AP was significantly lower in CS and after isoproterenol at EPS 2 (157±95 b/min, 193±113) than at EPS 1 (199±65, 257±65). AP has lost anterograde conduction properties in 18 patients aged from 17 to 67 years (47±15); 16 of them had initially 1/1 conduction through AP ≤ 170/min; however 8 had still AVRT. Among 24 patients with initially rapid conduction through AP (≥ 240/min), 17 have a rapid conduction at EPS 2; 3 of them, which were asymptomatic developed rapid AF, but 2 became asymptomatic with a benign form. Conclusions: The study confirms that a benign form of WPW without inducible AVRT or AF remains benign and that AP ablation is not indicated. Patients with AVRT and AP with a long refractory period become asymptomatic in 20 % of cases. Patients with inducible rapid AF have still a malignant form in 71 % of cases.
Abstract 17446: Intra-arrest Hypothermia Protection Requires Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase
Authors: Lucas Vitzthum, Gerasim Orbelyan, James Costakis, Terry L Vanden Hoek, David Beiser
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Intra-arrest hypothermia (IH), cooling the body to 30 - 32°C during cardiac arrest, has previously been shown as protective in a mouse model of cardiac arrest. Hypothermia has also been shown to protect cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to simulated ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a nitric oxide synthase-dependent manner. However, the effect of IH on NOS signaling in whole animal models of cardiac arrest has not been studied. We hypothesized that mice deficient in endothelial NOS (NOS3) would not be protected by IH following cardiac arrest. Furthermore, we hypothesized that IH would alter NOS3 signaling in WT mouse hearts. METHODS: Adult NOS3 -/- (B6.129P2-Nos3tm1Unc/J, n = 30) and WT (C57Bl/6J, n = 24) mice underwent 8 min of cardiac arrest. At 6 min, mice were randomized to normothermia (NT, 37°C) or IH (30°C) followed by re-warming to 37°C at 60 min post-ROSC. Animals were hemodynamically monitored for 2 h and then neurologically scored at regular intervals up to 48 h. In separated experiments, cardiac NOS3 signaling was evaluated in similarly randomized mice at the end of the arrest period. RESULTS: In NOS3-/- mice, IH and NT groups had similar 48 h neurologically-intact survival rates (20 % vs. 0%, p=0.80). By contrast survival rates were significantly higher in IH vs. NT treated WT mice (47% vs. 0%, p=0.03). After 8 min of arrest heart p-NOS3(Ser1177) was significantly lower in NT relative to sham controls (p&lt;0.05) and IH treated WT mice (p&lt;0.05). Also during arrest, phosphorylation of the metabolically-sensitive AMP activated protein kinase p-AMPK(Thr172) was similarly increased (p&lt;0.05) following arrest in both IH and NT groups. Cardiac p-Akt(Ser474/Thr308) content was unchanged at 8 min of arrest (p&gt;0.05) in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Loss of NOS3 abrogates IH protection following cardiac arrest. Maintenance of cardiac NOS3 phosphorylation during cardiac arrest may play an important role in determining survival in this model. Such maintenance of phosphorylation appears to be independent of upstream kinase phosphorylation.
Design of a Phase 2b Trial of Intracoronary Administration of AAV1/SERCA2a in Patients With Advanced Heart Failure
Authors: Barry Greenberg, Alex Yaroshinsky, Krisztina M. Zsebo, Javed Butler, G. Michael Felker, Adriaan A. Voors, Jeffrey J. Rudy, Kim Wagner, Roger J. Hajjar
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2014)
Transferrin Binding to Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes Activated by Phytohemagglutinin Involves a Specific Receptor
Authors: Robert M. Galbraith, Phillip Werner, Philippe Arnaud, Gillian M. P. Galbraith
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Immunohistological studies have indicated that membrane sites binding transferrin are present upon activated human peripheral blood lymphocytes. In this study, we have investigated transferrin uptake in human lymphocytes exposed to phytohemagglutinin (PHA), by quantitative radiobinding and immunofluorescence in parallel. In stimulated lymphocytes, binding was maximal after a 30-min incubation, being greatest at 37°C, and greater at 22°C than at 4°C. Although some shedding and endocytosis of transferrin occurred at 22° and 37°C, these factors, and resulting synthesis of new sites, did not affect measurement of binding which was found to be saturable, reversible, and specific for transferrin (Ka 0.5-2.5 × 108 M−1). Binding was greater after a 48-h exposure to PHA than after 24 h, and was maximal at 66 h. Sequential Scatchard analysis revealed no significant elevation in affinity of interaction. However, although the total number of receptors increased, the proportion of cells in which binding of ligand was detected immunohistologically increased in parallel, and after appropriate correction, the cellular density of receptors remained relatively constant throughout (60,000-80,000 sites/cell). Increments in binding during the culture period were thus due predominantly to expansion of a population of cells bearing receptors. Similar differences in binding were apparent upon comparison of cells cultured in different doses of PHA, and in unstimulated cells binding was negligible. Transferrin receptors appear, therefore, to be readily detectable only upon lymphocytes that have been activated.
Intrapancreatic Accessory Spleen Mimicking Neuroendocrine Tumor on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT
Authors: Ujwal Bhure, Jürg Metzger, Franziska Aebersold Keller, Andrea Zander, Marisol Pérez Lago, Kerstin Herring, Klaus Strobel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2015)

Besides well-known physiologic uptake of Ga-DOTATATE in spleen, pituitary gland, pancreatic head, adrenals, kidney, and urinary bladder, sometimes unusual areas of uptake are found. We report a case of a 53-year-old woman who had vague pain in abdomen for which abdominal CT was done showing a contrast-enhancing lesion in the pancreatic tail. It was suspected to be of neuroendocrine origin and Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT showed a corresponding focal uptake. Spleen-preserving pancreatic tail resection was performed. Pathology revealed the diagnosis of an accessory intrapancreatic spleen (AIPS).
LSD1n is an H4K20 demethylase regulating memory formation via transcriptional elongation control
Authors: Jianxun Wang, Francesca Telese, Yuliang Tan, Wenbo Li, Chunyu Jin, Xin He, Harihar Basnet, Qi Ma, Daria Merkurjev, Xiaoyan Zhu, Zhijie Liu, Jie Zhang, Kenny Ohgi, Havilah Taylor, Ryan R White, Cagdas Tazearslan, Yousin Suh, Todd S Macfarlan, Samuel L Pfaff, Michael G Rosenfeld
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2015)
Abstract 16538: Oxidative Stress and Apoptotic Injury Induced by Amyloidogenic Light Chain Proteins in Human Coronary Artery Endothelial Cells
Authors: Seth Truran, David D Gutterman, Brittany Schlundt, Parameswaran Hari, Raymond Q Migrino
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a disease associated with high mortality especially in patients with heart failure. The mechanisms underlying tissue toxicity remain poorly understood. C...
A cell culture system for distinguishing hepatitis C viruses with and without liver cancer-related mutations in the viral core gene
Authors: Ahmed El-Shamy, Francis J. Eng, Erin H. Doyle, Arielle L. Klepper, Xiaochen Sun, Angelo Sangiovanni, Massimo Iavarone, Massimo Colombo, Robert E. Schwartz, Yujin Hoshida, Andrea D. Branch
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
发热-腹痛-意识障碍
Authors: 吴东, 黄晓明, 朱峰
Journal: BMJ (2008)

患者女，55岁，因“发热，腹痛2个月”就诊。患者2个月前出现发热，为弛张热，体温最高39．4℃。同时伴随腹痛，位于右上腹，为持续性钝痛，与进食无关，伴恶心，呕吐胃内容物。诉盗汗、乏力和纳差。发病以来体重下降15kg。无黄疸、寒战、咳嗽、腹泻、黑便等。
Abstract 273: A Blinded Evaluation of Combination Drug Therapy for Prolonged Ventricular Fibrillation Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Timothy J Mader, Ryan A Coute, Scot A Millay, Lennard C Jensen, Richard Misiaszek, Adam R Kellogg
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background : There are many examples of medical disease treatment innovating from single agent, failure-based, serial medication delivery to first-line combination drug therapy. Could the same approach improve outcomes in the metabolic phase of VF? Objective: Using a swine model of prolonged VF, we compared ROSC and 20-minute survival in animals treated with single agents given in series to animals provided first-line combination drug therapy. Methods : The study was IACUC approved. Eighty swine (25-30 kg) were surgically instrumented under anesthesia, and VF was electrically induced. After 12 minutes of untreated VF, animals were 2:1 block randomized to 1 of 2 resuscitation schemes. SERIES (n=53) received: epinephrine (0.01 mg/kg [SDE]); vasopressin (0.57 mg/kg); amiodarone (4.3 mg/kg) and SDE; sodium bicarbonate (1 mEq/kg) and SDE - each delivery punctuated by a RS after 3 minutes of CPR. If ROSC occurred after any RS, supportive care was provided and subsequent medications were not given. COCKTAIL (n=27) received all drugs together (with metoprolol [0.2 mg/kg]), followed by CPR and RS1. A SDE followed each failed RS. All drugs were given IV with a flush. CPR and RS attempts were standardized. Resuscitation continued until ROSC was achieved or 20 minutes elapsed without ROSC. Group comparisons were assessed using descriptive statistics. Proportions with 95%CI were calculated for VF termination, ROSC, and survival. Results : At baseline, the two groups were similar. The figure summarizes our findings. SERIES outcomes mirrored historical controls. Conclusion : In this swine model of prolonged OHCA, short-term outcomes were adversely affected by this drug/dosage combination.
直接督导下短程药物治疗（DOTS）对结核的长期疗效：系统综述
Authors: Helen, Cox, Martha, Morrow, Peter, Deutschmann, 陶梅梅
Journal: BMJ (2008)

目的 查找对成功进行6个月短程标准治疗后结核再次发病情况进行评价的已发表研究，确认支持目前治疗指南证据的可信性和充分性。 设计 系统综述。 数据来源 Medline，Embase，Cochrane clinical trials register，专业结核杂志及参考目录。全部采用英文文献。 综述方法 采用任何方法、任何质量的研究。摘要信息包括参与者的入选和排除标准、随访时问、判定治疗成功和再次发病的标准。主要结局指标是随访期间成功治疗患者与再发结核患者的比例。 结果16项研究的17个研究分支符合纳入标准；10项研究是对照临床试验，6项研究是按照设定的条件进行的或者是正在进行的结核计划的观察研究。尽管多个临床试验支持每天给药的治疗方式，但是有关间断给药治疗后结核再发情况的报道却很少。常规计划条件下进行的研究很少报道结核的再发。成功治疗结核后整体再发率从0％到14％各不相同。研究之间的巨大差异导致不能系统评估结核病再发的相关因素。 结论尽管直接督导下短程药物治疗（DOTS）应用时间已经10年多了，并且成千上万患者接受了该项治疗，但是几乎没有研究评估标准DOTS能否将按照标准设定条件治疗的患者彻底治愈。
Beastly handwriting
Authors: G. Dunea
Journal: BMJ (1999)

It has long been a widely accepted fact—especially among patients, nurses, and pharmacists—that doctors have far worse handwriting than most other so called learned professionals. Recent studies have largely confirmed this popular belief, one such study (1979) finding that 16% of doctors wrote quite illegibly and that another 17% were barely legible.

Why doctors should write so badly is not quite clear, and it is improbable that they are still trying to keep secret the contents of their prescriptions. Even more implausible explanations are defective toilet training and a collective “Disorder of Written Expression” (code 315.2). It is more likely that poor handwriting is caused by bad habits acquired while taking lecture notes in medical school; by excessive modern documentation requirements; or by just being too plain busy.

Good handwriting in the old days was achieved with ink dipping pens that smudged the paper and stained the fingers. Even fountain pens, though invented around 1884, were thought to be incompatible with a neat hand, and ballpoints were definitely the devil’s invention. Many graduates nowadays eschew even these satanic instruments, having typed their essays in college or used laptops ever since first put in the playpen. Accordingly, a neat hand has become a rare phenomenon.

Illegible writing may result in dreadful medical mishaps, and while the future may well belong to computers and word recognition transcription machines, several institutions have tried to improve matters by offering remedial penmanship classes. Handwriting specialists have sprung up like mushrooms, some with their own website, some advising a change from the cursive baroque to the loop-free italic style with letters largely separate rather than joined. Others recommend going back to fountain pens, which tend to slow one down and thereby improve legibility.

Last year, on impulse, I bought such a device, a non-refillable disposable fountain pen, available in the United States and also in the United Kingdom. I have used these pens ever since, and also gave some to a colleague badly in need of them, with quite good results. I must say that unfortunately the clip tends to break off rather easily. Nevertheless, I can recommend these pens highly, as a modest means of achieving an extra modicum of legibility.
Abstract 894: Identification of a Novel Mouse GATA5 Transcription Start Site
Authors: Bohao Chen, Elena Yates, Timothy Whitehead, Blanca Camoretti-Mercado, Paul Kogut, Lan Ma, Edward E Morrisey, Eric C Svensson, Julian Solway
Journal: Circulation (2006)

GATA5 is a zinc finger transcription factor that is expressed in primitive endoderm and precardiac mesoderm during early development, but dramatically decreased in postnatal heart. Previous reports indicate that null mutation of the GATA5 gene in zebrafish results in embyronic lethality, but surprisingly deletion of exon 1 from the mouse GATA5 gene reportedly resulted only in derangement of urogenital development in female mice. This finding suggested the possibility that an alternate GATA5 isoform that lacks exon 1 might appear in mice, and might subserve GATA5 function. To test this possibility, we performed northern analysis and demonstrated that adult mouse lung contains three mRNAs of ~ 4.1, 2.4, and 1.6 kb that hybridize with a probe derived from exons 2 to 6. Interestingly, the smallest mRNA does not hybridize with a probe from the 5′ UTR in exon 1, suggesting that this transcript is generated from an alternate promoter. To identify the transcription start sites of alternative GATA5 transcripts, 5′...
Abstract 13969: Changes in Statin Prescribing Patterns and Cholesterol Values Following Coronary CT Angiography
Authors: Michael Cheezum, Ryan Smith, Eddie Hulten, Luke Surry, Matthew York, Allen J Taylor, Karen A Grace, Manju Goyal, Todd C Villines
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: The relationship of coronary artery disease (CAD), as visualized on coronary CT angiography (CCTA), to changes in provider prescribing patterns for statin medications and subsequent c...