tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
OCT Assessment of the Long-Term Vascular Healing Response 5 Years After Everolimus-Eluting Bioresorbable Vascular Scaffold
Authors: Antonios Karanasos, Cihan Simsek, Muthukarrupan Gnanadesigan, Nienke S van Ditzhuijzen, Raphael Freire, Jouke Dijkstra, Shengxian Tu, Nicolas Van Mieghem, Gijs van Soest, Peter de Jaegere, Patrick W Serruys, Felix Zijlstra, Robert-Jan van Geuns, Evelyn Regar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)

Although recent observations suggest a favorable initial healing process of the everolimus-eluting bioresorbable vascular scaffold (BVS), little is known regarding long-term healing response. This study assessed the in vivo vascular healing response using optical coherence tomography (OCT) 5 years after elective first-in-man BVS implantation. Of the 14 living patients enrolled in the Thoraxcenter Rotterdam cohort of the ABSORB A study, 8 patients underwent invasive follow-up, including OCT, 5 years after implantation. Advanced OCT image analysis included luminal morphometry, assessment of the adluminal signal-rich layer separating the lumen from other plaque components, visual and quantitative tissue characterization, and assessment of side-branch ostia "jailed" at baseline. In all patients, BVS struts were integrated in the vessel and were not discernible. Both minimum and mean luminal area increased from 2 to 5 years, whereas lumen eccentricity decreased over time. In most patients, plaques were covered by a signal-rich, low-attenuating layer. Minimum cap thickness over necrotic core was 155 ± 90 μm. One patient showed plaque progression and discontinuity of this layer. Side-branch ostia were preserved with tissue bridge thinning that had developed in the place of side-branch struts, creating a neo-carina. At long-term BVS follow-up, we observed a favorable tissue response, with late luminal enlargement, side-branch patency, and development of a signal-rich, low-attenuating tissue layer that covered thrombogenic plaque components. The small size of the study and the observation of a different tissue response in 1 patient warrant judicious interpretation of our results and confirmation in larger studies.
Excesses of the Freudian School
Authors: Logan Clendening
Journal: JAMA (1913)

To the Editor  —In a recent number of theNationappears an editorial entitled The Alienist and Literature, which is commended to the attention of the disciples of Freud in this country. It is the answer of the man in the street to the excesses of the Freudian school. In his book on Browning, G. K. Chesterton points out with great insight the fact that there are times when the man in the street knows more than all the specialists. He instances the case of Elizabeth Barrett, confined to a couch in a darkened room, and shielded from every whisper from the outside world. When Browning proposed to marry her he was regarded by her father a demented. And yet he did marry her. He carried her from that atmosphere of invalidism, and two years later she was well enough to bear a child and to ride horseback over the
Acute Hydrothorax—A New Complication of Peritoneal Dialysis
Authors: Samuel R. Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1967)

PERITONEAL DIALYSIS is a relatively safe and effective modern therapeutic procedure. However, complications occur frequently,<sup>1</sup>and we wish to report a new one—life threatening acute hydrothorax developing during peritoneal dialysis. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 68-year-old man entered the hospital with renal failure of unknown cause and duration. No history of preexisting cardiopulmonary or renal disease was elicited. Examination revealed an alert, muscular man who appeared acutely ill. The lungs were clear and no cardiovascular abnormalities were noted. A nontender liver was palpated two fingerbreadths below the costal margin. Neck veins were not distended, and there was no edema. Laboratory studies were consistent with renal failure, blood urea nitrogen 120 mg/100 ml, carbon-dioxide combining power 16 mEq/liter. A chest x-ray examination was within normal limits. Peritoneal dialysis was started, using a plastic peritoneal catheter. This was directed into the pelvis through the midline of the anterior abdominal wall, two
Good doctors being bad
Authors: L. Farrell
Journal: BMJ (2012)

“My heart aches, and a drowsy numbness pains my sense . . .”

“I get it Mr Keats,” I said. “You’re a bit depressed.”

“ . . . and I feel like drinking hemlock, or some dull opiate emptying to the drains,” he said, a trifle sharply, as if annoyed that I had interrupted his flow. Hey, I’m a busy man, and at 6 to 10 minutes per consultation, just call me the GP from Porlock. …
Radioimmunoassay of myoglobin in human serum. Results in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: M J Stone, J T Willerson, C E Gomez-Sanchez, M R Waterman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

A radioimmunoassay has been developed for the measurement of serum myoglobin in order to evaluate the time-course and frequency of myoglobinemia in patients with acute myocardial infarction. The method can detect as little as 0.5 ng of myoglobin and is not affected by hemolysis or storage of serum at -- 20 degrees C. Myoglobin was detected in all of 92 sera from normal adults and ranged between 6 and 85 ng/ml. Levels were markedly elevated in sera from 18 of 20 patients with acute myocardial infarction when samples were obtained within 12 h after hospital admission, the mean concentration being 380+/-53 ng/ml. Wehn the initial sample was drawn between 12 and 24 h after admission in another group of 20 patients with acute myocardial infarcts, the mean serum myoglobin concentration was 195+/-47 ng/ml, and 11 of these individuals had normal levels. Serial determinations performed on nine patients with acute infarction demonstrated that maximum myoglobin levels occurred within the first 8-12 h after admission and fell rapidly toward normal thereafter. The serum concentration of myoglobin in 21 additional patients admitted with chest pain but without acute myocardial infarction was 41+/-6 ng/ml. Radioimmunoassay of serum myoglobin appears to be useful and sensitive test for the early detection of myocardial infarction.
Low-dose TNF-α protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice: Implications for preconditioning
Authors: Narci Teoh, Isabelle Leclercq, Aileen Dela Pena, Geoffrey Farrell
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia reperfusion injury but can also prime hepatocytes to enter the cell cycle. Ischemic preconditioning protects against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) liver injury and is associated with activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) and cell cycle entry. We examined the pattern of TNF-alpha release during hepatic IR in the presence or absence of ischemic preconditioning, and we tested whether a single low-dose injection of TNF could mimic the biologic effects of ischemic preconditioning. In naïve mice, hepatic and plasma levels of TNF-alpha rose during hepatic ischemia, reaching high levels after 90 minutes; values remained elevated during reperfusion until 44 hours. Following the ischemic preconditioning stimulus, there was an early rise in hepatic and serum TNF-alpha levels, but, during a second prolonged ischemic interval peak, TNF-alpha values were lower than in naïve mice and declined to negligible levels by 2 hours reperfusion. An injection with 1 microg or 5 microg/kg body weight TNF-alpha 30 minutes prior to hepatic IR substantially reduced liver injury determined by liver histology and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. As in ischemic preconditioning, TNF-alpha pretreatment activated NF-kappaB DNA binding, STAT3, cyclin D1, cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (cdk4) expression, and cell cycle entry, determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) staining of hepatocyte nuclei. In conclusion, the hepatoprotective effects of "preconditioning" can be simulated by TNF-alpha injection, which has identical downstream effects on cell cycle entry. We propose that transient increases in TNF-alpha levels may substitute for, as well as, mediate the hepatoprotective effects of ischemic preconditioning against hepatic IR injury.
Human rights in Iraq and Iran
Authors: D Summerfield
Journal: BMJ (1994)

EDITOR, - The evasion and dissembling by British government ministers at the inquiry into illegal arms sales to Iraq (the Scott inquiry) come as no surprise. It has long been clear, not least to purchasers like Saddam Hussein, that Western governments sell arms on the basis of their geopolitical and business priorities and that records regarding human rights generally do not count. These imperatives are robust enough to tolerate even genocide: ministers secretly agreed to “tilt” towards Iraq with regard to exports related to arms in December 1988, only eight months after the bombing of Kurdish villages with …
Macrophage Activation in Type 1 Diabetic Patients With Catheter Obstruction During Peritoneal Insulin Delivery With an Implantable Pump
Authors: Laurence Kessler, Sylviane Tritschler, Alain Bohbot, Severine Sigrist, Veronique Karsten, Sophie Boivin, Patrick Dufour, Alain Belcourt, Michel Pinget
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the activation of macrophages in type 1 diabetic patients during peritoneal insulin delivery with an implantable pump against two types of insulin: that which was collected from the pump reservoir and that which came straight fromn the bottle (i.e., vial insltlin). Macrophage activation was studied in patients with and without cathcter obstruction and compared with activation in healthy subjects.Human insulin (21 PH, 400 U/ml; Hoescht) was collected from the pump reservoir (Minimed) of diabetic patients with (n = 3) or without (n = 7) catheter obstruction, as assessed by histological examination of the catheter tip. Monocytes were obtained from venous blood samples from both kinds of diabetic patients and from healthy subjects (n = 5) and were differentiated into monocyte-derived macrophages in culture. Their chemotaxis and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release were studied with respect to both types of insulin, as previously stated. Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were used as controls.Neither insulin recovered from the pump reservoir nor vial insulin proved chemotactic to macrophages from either healthy subjects or those diabetic patients with and without catheter obstruction. The migration toward fMLP of macrophages from patients presenting a catheter obstruction was significantly higher than that observed with macrophages from either diabetic patients without obstruction or healthy subjects, the chemotactic index (mean +/- SD) was 3.81 +/- 0.36 vs. 2.30 +/- 0.89 and 2.60 +/- 0.80, respectively (P < 0.05). LPS significantly stimulated the TNF-alpha secretion of macrophages from diabetic subjects with a catheter obstruction, whereas both native and reservoir-recovered insulin had no effect on this release (144.83 +/- 67.25 vs. 5.15 +/- 2.93 and 5.27 +/- 2.43 pg/ml, P < 0.001).The human insulin used in implantable pumps, regardless of how long it had remained in the pump reservoir, did not induce macrophage activation in diabetic patients treated through intraperitoneal insulin delivery. In some of these diabetic patients, catheter obstruction could be explained by their high capacity of macrophage chemotaxis.
THE PROGNOSIS OF AURICULAR FIBRILLATION OF UNDERTERMINED ORIGIN
Authors: FREDRICK A. WILLIUS
Journal: JAMA (1941)

From time to time, patients are encountered who display auricular fibrillation, either permanent or intermittent, as the sole evidence of disturbance of the heart. The frequent association of auricular fibrillation with obviously serious heart disease leads many physicians to consider this arrhythmia with gravity at all times and under all circumstances. Orgain and his co-workers<sup>1</sup>in 1936 called attention to the favorable prognosis associated with cases of uncomplicated or idiopathic auricular fibrillation. It is not our intention to cover the literature in this paper, for this was adequately done by Brill<sup>2</sup>in 1937. Realizing the importance of acquiring further data on this subject in order to permit the segregation of the significant from the nonsignificant cases of auricular fibrillation, we have reinvestigated this subject with special reference to the clinical course of patients who exhibit auricular fibrillation in the absence of demonstrable evidence of organic heart disease and
ANTITOXIN VERSUS NO ANTITOXIN IN SCARLET FEVER
Authors: PASCAL F. LUCCHESI
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Much has been written during the past few years on the use of scarlet fever antitoxin in the treatment of this disease. Many prominent physicians, such as Veldee, Stevenson and Mitchell,<sup>1</sup>Winkel,<sup>2</sup>Lichtenstein,<sup>3</sup>and Gordon,<sup>4</sup>supported by considerable personal experience, proclaim with great emphasis that when scarlet fever antitoxin is administered early and in sufficient quantity there follows a decline in the fever, a reduction in the number of febrile days and a decrease in the incidence of complications. On the other hand, just as many physicians of equal prominence and experience, as Toomey and Dolch,<sup>5</sup>Gabriel<sup>6</sup>and Rolleston,<sup>7</sup>disagree in part or in toto with these observations. Toomey believes that the slight amount of good noticed in the use of this antitoxin is counterbalanced by the ill effects produced in the occurrence of serum disease. We have therefore set out without any
FDG PET in Detecting Primary and Recurrent Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors
Authors: Tevfik Fikret Cermik, Ayse Mavi, Gunsel Acikgoz, Mohamed Houseni, Simin Dadparvar, Abass Alavi
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the role of PET in the management of patients with primary malignant salivary gland (SG) tumor. Material and Methods: Sixty-one FDG PET studies in 48 patients (median age 58, range 28–89 years, 20 female, 28 male) who were diagnosed with malignant SG tumors were retrospectively analyzed. Thirteen were referred for initial diagnosis and staging while there was a suspicion of recurrence and/or metastatic disease in 48 patients during the follow-up period. Results: On PET examinations of 13 patients on initial presentation, 12 showed increased uptake in the primary lesion, while conventional methods (CT, MRI) were positive in 11 and were equivocal for 2 patients. Six patients with multiple nodal and 2 patients with distant metastases were detected by PET. Conventional methods demonstrated lymph node metastases in 5 of these patients. In the follow-up patient group, PET was inaccurate (false-negative or positive) in 4 (8%) patients with local recurrence, and in 4 (8%) with metastatic disease. However, 15 (31%) studies for recurrence and 7 (15%) for metastasis were false-negative with conventional radiologic methods. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values for the detection of recurrent disease were 83%, 93%, 63%, and 98% for PET; 67%, 69%, 24%, and 94% for conventional methods, respectively. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of PET for detecting metastatic disease were 93%, 96%, 82%, and 99%, while those of conventional methods were 80%, 95%, 75%, and 96%, respectively. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that FDG PET is not only superior to CT and/or MRI for staging at the initial presentation but also superior to conventional imaging methodologies for detecting local recurrence and regional lymph node and distant metastases in patients with malignant SG tumor.
Prescriptions by Mail
Authors: Gerald B. Miley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: The proliferation of mail-order pharmacies is accompanied by a potential danger. A patient recently requested a medication refill. I was instructed to place a renewal label provided for me on my blank prescription form and then to sign and date my prescription form. Ostensibly, this was to save me the time of rewriting the prescription, including the name of the drug, the dose, and the directions. After I dutifully attached the label to my prescription form, it became obvious that the label could easily be peeled off. This would leave a blank but signed and dated prescription . . .
Potential Role of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor Inhibition Using Imatinib in Combination with Docetaxel in the Treatment of Recurrent Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Chao H. Huang, Stephen K. Williamson, Peter J. Van Veldhuizen, Chung-Tsen Hsueh, Ace Allen, Ossama Tawfik, Jo Wick, Holly Smith, Adelina M. Uypeckcuat, Matthew Mayo, Karen Kelly
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Against the Spirit of the System: The French Impulse in Nineteenth-Century American Medicine
Authors: David S. Barnes
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Medical Writings: Book Notes16 February 1999Against the Spirit of the System: The French Impulse in Nineteenth-Century American MedicineDavid S. Barnes, PhDDavid S. Barnes, PhDHarvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. (Barnes)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-4_Part_1-199902160-00022 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Warner JH. 459 pages. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ Pr; 1998. $55.00. ISBN 0691012032. Order phone 800-777-4726.Field of medicine: History of medicine.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Historians of medicine and science and interested students.Purpose: To examine American medicine in light of the formative experiences that many prominent American physicians had as medical students in Paris during the heyday of the so-called Paris Clinical School in the first half of the nineteenth century.Content: The book discusses the experiences of American medical students in Paris and the evocation of those experiences in the context of struggles over the future of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts. (Barnes) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 February 1999Volume 130, Issue 4_Part_1Page: 331KeywordsBirthComputer softwareEmotionsForecastingHeartHistory of medicineHospital medicineMemoryPerception ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 February 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Involvement of alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors in the postlaparotomy intestinal motor disturbances in the rat.
Authors: A Sagrada, M J Fargeas, L Bueno
Journal: Gut (1987)

The effects of phentolamine, yohimbine and prazosin on laparotomy induced intestinal motor disturbances were studied in anaesthetised fasted rats previously equipped with electrodes, chronically implanted on the duodenum and jejunum. During continuous recording of interdigestive myoelectric activity, laparotomy under thiopental anaesthesia (Nesdonal 40 mg/kg ip) induced a primary phase of total inhibition of spiking activity lasting 26.1 +/- 1.3 min (mean +/- SE) followed by a period of disorganised activity, the first propagated migrating myoelectric complex (MMC) occurring 71.4 +/- 7.9 min after laparotomy. Phentolamine (3 mg/kg), or yohimbine (1 mg/kg) given im before laparotomy decreased by 48 and 49%, respectively, the duration of postsurgical inhibition, with a normal MMC pattern occurring immediately after. In contrast, there was only a shortening of the postlaparotomy initial inhibition of spiking activity after im prazosin (100 micrograms/kg), with a late (50-60 min) recovery of the MMC pattern. These results suggest that the initial inhibition of intestinal motility induced by laparotomy may involve alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors, while the disruption of the MMC pattern is mainly caused by the activation of alpha-2 receptors.
The arterial system characterised in the time domain
Authors: P SIPKEMA, N WESTERHOF, O S RANDALL
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1980)

When an impulse of flow is applied to the arterial system then the resulting pressure, the impulse response, is a characterisation of the arterial tree. The impulse is generated by means of an occluder around the ascending aorta. The impulse response shows an initial sharp peak followed by an exponential decay with two peaks superimposed on it. The exponential decay is due to diffuse reflection and is linked to the windkessel properties of the arterial tree. The superimposed peaks arise from two distinct reflection sites in the arterial tree. By means of the pulse wave velocity the location of these reflection sites may be calculated; one is found in the bed distal to the brachiocephalic and subclavian arteries and the other in the bed distal to the descending aorta. The distinct reflections are linked to the reflection sites in the asymmetric T-model of the arterial tree. Vasodilatation (nitroprusside) and vasoconstriction (angiotensin) mainly influence the diffuse reflections, while the locations of the distinct reflection sites appear to be unchanged. Inflation of a balloon in the descending aorta shows up as a sharp peak in the impulse response function. The results obtained are compared with the impulse response function computed from pressure and flow waves in the steady-state.
M. &amp; B. 1863, a Homologue of Hexamethonium, in Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: S. Locket, P. G. Swann, W. S. M. Grieve, H. P. Player
Journal: BMJ (1952)

HYPERTENSION AND ORAL METHONIUM COMPOUNDS MBJOf 35 patients with hypertension and severe symptoms and signs is described.These compounds were used orally with variable results upon the blood pressure, but in 23 of the 35 patients there was a good symptomatic improvement with regression of the signs.Hexamethonium also produced a symptomatic im- provement in five patients with severe chronic nephritis and two with malignant hypertension.We are grateful to Dr. E. Robertson for his work during the early part of this trial and to other members of the hospital staff for their assistance.Mr. E.
Talc Pleurodesis Mimics Pleural Metastases
Authors: Nirit Weiss, Stephen B. Solomon
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2003)

Talc pleurodesis is a technique used in the treatment of patients with persistent pleural effusions or pneumothorax not amenable to other treatment. These are commonly seen in patients with malignant thoracic neoplasms. Radiographic abnormalities resulting from prior talc pleurodesis could be confused with progression of the underlying neoplastic process. Positron emission tomography with F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) might be unable to distinguish between malignant and benign inflammatory processes. This report demonstrates the use of combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in a patient with a history of both malignant neoplasm and a prior talc pleurodesis. Fusion of PET and CT studies could add information that CT and PET alone cannot. This could alter the diagnostic and therapeutic course for patients with a history of both thoracic neoplasm and talc pleurodesis.