tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mutation of the PAX2 gene in a family with optic nerve colobomas, renal anomalies and vesicoureteral reflux
Authors: Phaikasame Sanyanusin, Lisa A. Schimmenti, Leslie A. McNoe, Teresa A. Ward, Mary Ella M. Pierpont, Michael J. Sullivan, William B. Dobyns, Michael R. Eccles
Journal: Nature Genetics (1995)
Oral Hygiene With Chlorhexidine in Critically Ill Patients
Authors: Kirsty M. Sands, Joshua A. Twigg, Matt P. Wise
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
TRANSPLANTING THE EYE
Authors: Joseph Imre
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —I have received several clippings from American newspapers which describe the good results of Dr. Koppanyi in transplanting the eyes of mammals, and who declares in his interview that transplantation of human eyes with return of the vision is possible. He even says that the vision returns from four to six weeks after the transplantation. Recalling the great excitement that was caused by such news a year ago in Europe among the unfortunate blind men, when Mr. Koppanyi filled the newspapers with these fantastically optimistic ideas, I consider it my moral duty to inform the highest American medical publication concerning the history of this question as far as it is connected with Mr. Koppanyi. First, Dr. Koppanyi was never a medical student, but studied zoology and is not an M.D. He went from Budapest to Vienna and repeated the experiments of Uhlenhuth, Nicolai and Scleros Zervos, transplanting
1165 PROGRESS OF LIVER DISEASE IN HEPATITIS C VIRUS CARRIERS FOUND AT THE BLOOD DONATION AND ITS OUTCOMES: 18-YEAR COHORT STUDY ON 1021 CARRIERS
Authors: J. Matsuo, H. Okita, M. Mizui, K. Katayama, A. Tabuchi, T. Akita, A. Nakashima, J. Tanaka
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Phase I Clinical Trial of Smad7 Knockdown Using Antisense Oligonucleotide in Patients With Active Crohn's Disease
Authors: Giovanni Monteleone, Massimo C Fantini, Sara Onali, Francesca Zorzi, Giulia Sancesario, Sergio Bernardini, Emma Calabrese, Francesca Viti, Ivan Monteleone, Livia Biancone, Francesco Pallone
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2012)

In the gut of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), high Smad7 blocks the immune-suppressive activity of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, thereby contributing to amplify inflammatory signals. In vivo in mice, knockdown of Smad7 with a Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide (GED0301) attenuates experimental colitis. Here, we provide results of a phase 1 clinical, open-label, dose-escalation study of GED0301 in patients with active, steroid-dependent/resistant CD, aimed at assessing the safety and tolerability of the drug. Patients were allocated to three treatment groups receiving oral GED0301 once daily for 7 days at doses of 40, 80, or 160 mg. A total of 15 patients were enrolled. No serious adverse event was registered. GED0301 was well tolerated and no patient dropped out during the study. Twenty-five adverse events were documented in 11 patients, the majority of whom were judged to be of mild intensity and unrelated to treatment. GED0301 treatment reduced the percentage of inflammatory cytokine-expressing CCR9-positive T cells in the blood. The study shows for the first time that GED0301 is safe and well tolerated in patients with active CD. In the gut of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), high Smad7 blocks the immune-suppressive activity of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, thereby contributing to amplify inflammatory signals. In vivo in mice, knockdown of Smad7 with a Smad7 antisense oligonucleotide (GED0301) attenuates experimental colitis. Here, we provide results of a phase 1 clinical, open-label, dose-escalation study of GED0301 in patients with active, steroid-dependent/resistant CD, aimed at assessing the safety and tolerability of the drug. Patients were allocated to three treatment groups receiving oral GED0301 once daily for 7 days at doses of 40, 80, or 160 mg. A total of 15 patients were enrolled. No serious adverse event was registered. GED0301 was well tolerated and no patient dropped out during the study. Twenty-five adverse events were documented in 11 patients, the majority of whom were judged to be of mild intensity and unrelated to treatment. GED0301 treatment reduced the percentage of inflammatory cytokine-expressing CCR9-positive T cells in the blood. The study shows for the first time that GED0301 is safe and well tolerated in patients with active CD.
International community has failed Sudan
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2005)

The international community has failed to protect the people of Darfur from atrocities committed by the Sudanese government, a report claimed last week. It estimates that two years after the crisis in Darfur started, 300 000 people have died and 2.5 million people need humanitarian assistance, a figure likely to rise to four million this year.

The report, published by the House of Commons International Development Committee, criticises the way that British and other negotiators downplayed the atrocities in western Sudan to try to achieve peace in the south: “The …
"Biologic" differences in acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas?
Authors: J L Ziegler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1991.9.8.1329 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 2072135 "Biologic" differences in acquired immune deficiency syndrome-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphomas? J L ZieglerxJ L ZieglerSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1991.9.8.1329 First Page PDF © 1991 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with radiofrequency ablation: Radiologic-histologic correlation during follow-up periods
Authors: Manabu Morimoto, Kazuya Sugimori, Kazuhito Shirato, Atsushi Kokawa, Naohiko Tomita, Takafumi Saito, Noriko Tanaka, Akinori Nozawa, Masamichi Hara, Hisahiko Sekihara, Hiroshi Shimada, Toshio Imada, Katsuaki Tanaka
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

To determine whether radiographic images after radiofrequency (RF)-induced coagulation necrosis are correlated with the pathologic effects, we evaluated the morphology and histologic characteristics of RF ablation lesions over a 6-month follow-up period and compared the results with those of radiologic studies. Thirty-three hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors with a maximum diameter of 3 cm or less were treated percutaneously by using RF ablation in 26 patients. Six treated tumors were resected 4 weeks after ablation; the remaining 27 treated tumors underwent a biopsy procedure by using an 18-gauge fine needle 3 days, 4 weeks, and 24 weeks after ablation. The excised or biopsied lesions were examined by using histologic methods; the findings were then compared with those of contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). Three days after ablation, a core of hypoattenuation surrounded by an enhanced/hemorrhagic rim was observed on the contrast-enhanced CT images. Hematoxylin-eosin-stained specimens were inconclusive as to whether or not cellular viability remained; however, cell viability as determined by the presence of histochemical (lactate-dehydrogenase, maleate-dehydrogenase, and the reduced form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate [NADPH]-diaphorase) stains was absent, suggesting 100% cellular destruction in the ablated lesion. Four and 24 weeks after ablation, the sizes of the ablated lesions were progressively smaller on the CT images; the histochemical stains remained superior to the hematoxylin-eosin stains for obtaining a definite diagnosis of cell death. We conclude that irreversible cellular destruction, as determined by the absence of positive histochemical staining patterns, was useful for evaluating the pathologic thermal effect of RF ablation. These pathologic findings can be correlated with those of contrast-enhanced CT.
Prevention of suicide: aspirations and evidence
Authors: D Gunnell, S Frankel
Journal: BMJ (1994)

The Health of the Nation white paper set a target for 15% reduction in overall suicide rates by the year 2000. If the targets are to be achieved interventions must be identified which are of proved effectiveness. This paper examines the evidence on the available interventions and points of access to the population at risk. No single intervention has been shown in a well conducted randomised controlled trial to reduce suicide. The greatest potential seems to arise from limiting the availability of methods. In particular it is likely that the introduction of the catalytic convertor will lead to reduced lethality of care exhausts and reductions in suicide using this method. General practitioner education programmes, the effectiveness of lithium and maintenance antidepressants, and limits on the quantity of medicines available over the counter or on prescription should all be evaluated. Particular high risk groups include people recently discharged from psychiatric hospitals and those with a history of parasuicide. Many social processes affect suicide rates and these rather than specific interventions may help or hinder the ability to realise the Health of the Nation targets. Well conducted trials are essential to distinguish complex social processes from the effects of specific interventions for suicide prevention. This review of the available evidence offers little support for the aspiration that the posited targets can be achieved on the basis of current knowledge and current policy.
Erlotinib for Whole-Brain-Radiotherapy-Refractory Leptomeningeal Metastases After Gefitinib Failure in a Lung Adenocarcinoma Patient
Authors: Akito Hata, Nobuyuki Katakami, Reiko Kaji, Shiro Fujita, Yukihiro Imai
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2012)
Abstract PD09-05: Single nucleotide polymorphism of XRCC1 which participates in DNA repair mechanism predicts clinical outcome in relapsed or metastatic breast cancer patients treated with S1 and oxaliplatin chemotherapy: Results from multicenter prospective study (TORCH_KCSG BR07-03)
Authors: S-A Im, D-Y Oh, B Keam, KS Lee, J-H Ahn, J Sohn, JS Ahn, JH Kim, MH Lee, KE Lee, HJ Kim, K-H Lee, SW Han, S-Y Kim, SB Kim, Y-H Im, J Ro, H-S Park
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: S1 and oxaliplatin (SOX) combination chemotherapy is an effective regimen in anthracycline and taxane pretreated metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients with manageable toxicities (KCSG BR07-03, SABCS 2011 #Abst P3-16-06). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and clinical outcome in MBC treated with SOX chemotherapy. Patients and Methods: A total of 87 MBC patients previously treated with or resistant to anthracycline and taxane chemotherapy were enrolled in this prospective multicenter trial. The patients received S-1 80mg/m2/day (day 1–14) and oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 (day 1) every 3 weeks till progression. Among the 87 patients, 77 patients were available for SNP analysis. Germline DNA from peripheral blood (PB) mononuclear cells was extracted. SNPs in 4 genes from pathways that may influence cellular sensitivity to S1 and oxaliplatin (TS, ERCC, XPD, and XRCC) were genotyped from PB sample using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: Overall response rate (RR) was 38.5% (95% CI: 27.7–49.3) and disease control rate was 67.9% (95% CI:57.5–78.3) to SOX. Median time-to-progression (TTP) and overall survival (OS) were 6.0 mo (95% CI: 5.1–6.9 mo) and 19.4 mo (95% CI: not estimated), respectively. XRCC1 Arg194Trp SNP which participates in DNA repair mechanism showed correlation with the clinical outcome. RR was tend to higher in XRCC1 Arg194Trp CC genotype compared with CT or TT genotype (50.0 % vs 35.1% or 12.5%, P = 0.121). TTP of patients with CC genotype in XRCC1 Arg194Trp was significantly longer than the TTP of patients with CT or TT genotype (median TTP: 6.4 mo in CC, 5.9 mo in CT, 3.0 mo in TT, P = 0.007) as well as overall survival (OS) (median OS: not reached in CC, 13.9 mo in CT, 7.1 mo in TT, P = 0.006). After adjusting for hormone receptor status, performance status, and visceral involvement, prognostic value of XRCC1 Arg194Trp SNP remained significant (Hazard Ratio=1.322 and 4.484, P = 0.016). Other SNPs were not significantly associated with survival or toxicities. Conclusion: XRCC1 Arg194Trp SNP is associated with clinical outcome of MBC patients treated with SOX chemotherapy. Further studies of the relationship between germline polymorphisms in XRCC1 and functional mechanism researches are warranted. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr PD09-05.
Coronary hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism in patients with syndrome X: Response to pacing stress
Authors: Paolo G. Camici, Paolo Marraccini, Roberto Lorenzoni, Giuseppe Buzzigoli, Neda Pecori, Armando Perissinotto, Eleuterio Ferrannini, Antonio L'Abbate, Mario Marzilli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1991)
Two Approaches to Peanut Allergy
Authors: Henry Metzger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

About 80 years ago, Carl Prausnitz injected into his abdominal skin a small amount of serum from his colleague, Heinz Küstner. When Prausnitz subsequently ate some cooked fish to which Küstner (but not Prausnitz) was allergic, hives developed at the sites of injection.1 This experiment, which nowadays would justifiably concern an institutional review board, clarified the fundamental basis of the mechanism of allergic reactions: a serum component (now known to be allergen-specific IgE) that is present in an allergic person but not in a nonallergic person combines with a receptor on mast cells and basophils (IgE receptor I). The reaction . . .
Treatment duration in acute hepatitis C: The issue is not solved yet
Authors: Heiner Wedemeyer, Markus Cornberg, Johannes Wiegand, Michael Manns
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

We read with interest the article by Kamal et al.1 on the impact of treatment duration for the treatment of acute hepatitis C. The paper suggests that shorter treatment durations of 8-12 weeks may be sufficient for HCV genotypes 2-4, while acute hepatitis C genotype 1 infection requires 24 weeks of treatment with pegylated interferon alpha. The authors were able to recruit a remarkable 173 patients with acute hepatitis C within less than 2 years of screening. (The study was conducted until May 2005, thus the last patient in the 24-week treatment group must have entered the trial in February 2004.) Furthermore, the same group of investigators performed another trial within an almost identical time frame, including a study of 175 patients with acute hepatitis C which was published in February 2006.2 At least 4 additional trials on acute hepatitis C with always slightly differing study designs have been presented during the last 2 years by Kamal and colleagues either as full paper3 or in abstract from recent EASL, DDW, and AASLD meetings.4-6 Overall, data on more than 600 acute hepatitis C patients have been described. Thus, we would like to ask on what criteria patients were assigned to which trial if 6 protocols were running in parallel. Furthermore, we have the impression that the characteristics of patients declining participation in the trials presented in the journals HEPATOLOGY and Gastroenterology are partially overlapping although not being completely identical. Finally, there are several errors in data analysis and data presentation questioning the conclusions drawn. For example, sustained virological responses (SVR) presented in Table 2 do not match sustained response rates given in Fig. 2a. According to Fig. 2, a SVR was reached in 21 patients treated for 8 weeks while Table 2 is listing 23 SVR patients for this group of patients. Also for groups B and C, the numbers on the primary endpoint of the study do not match between Table 2 and Fig. 2. Moreover, P values given in Table 2 are not correct, e.g., the difference between the 8 weeks of therapy group and the 24 weeks of therapy group in SVR is not P < .001 but P = .02 and none of the other P values in the table is <.05. Numbers and bars do not match in Fig. 2b for genotype 1 patients with low viral load and almost all P values given in Fig. 2 need recalculation. Heiner Wedemeyer M.D.*, Markus Cornberg M.D.*, Johannes Wiegand M.D.*, Michael Manns M.D.*, * Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover, Germany
Assessment of severity of coronary stenoses using a Doppler catheter. Validation of a method based on the continuity equation.
Authors: E L Johnson, P G Yock, V K Hargrave, J P Srebro, S M Manubens, W Seitz, T A Ports
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The coronary Doppler catheter has been used primarily in the measurement of coronary vasodilator reserve, most often as the ratio of peak to resting velocity in response to an intracoronary dose of papaverine. We have developed a new method based on the continuity equation using a Doppler catheter for the assessment of stenosis severity in the coronary circulation by means of quantitative velocity measurements obtained by complex spectral analysis of the Doppler signal. With this system we have been able to detect a high-velocity stenosis jet in a canine model of coronary stenosis of known cross-sectional area. Using the peak velocity obtained by complex spectral analysis, we found a strong correlation between cross-sectional areas determined by the continuity equation and known cross-sectional areas (r = 0.93, SEE = 0.23 mm2). We also found a strong correlation between the ratio of peak stenosis velocity to proximal vessel velocity and percent diameter and percent area stenosis (r = 0.91 and 0.92, respectively). When the velocity was determined with conventional zero-crossing methods for these parameters, there was no correlation between calculated and known values for cross-sectional area and percent diameter or area stenosis. Measurements of the vasodilator reserve in response to intracoronary papaverine before and after implantation of the stenosis did not correlate with any of the anatomic parameters of stenosis severity regardless of the method of signal analysis (zero-crossing or complex spectral analysis). The measurement of quantitative peak coronary velocity with a Doppler catheter using complex spectral analysis may provide an accurate method for determining the severity of a coronary stenosis.
Soap, Water, and the Surgical Patient
Authors: Peter Randall
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> How many times have we heard a patient say "the doctor put in a few stitches and told me to be sure not to get the dressing wet"? A moment's reflection should bring out the fallacies of such advice. Don't most of us bathe at least once a day and wash our hands more frequently than that? Why should we deny our surgical wounds at least this much attention? Within 24 to 48 hours after an operation, a surgical incision which has been closed primarily should be reasonably well sealed with fibrin. Washing with soap and water at this time is consistent with the cleaning to which we are accustomed in daily life. On the Plastic Surgery service at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania small surgical wounds are covered with a simple dressing that can be changed by the patient himself. Bandaids or simple gauze
Shifts to and from Daylight Saving Time and Incidence of Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Imre Janszky, Rickard Ljung
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The incidence of acute myocardial infarction was significantly increased for the first 3 weekdays after the transition to daylight saving time in the spring. In contrast, in the autumn, only the first weekday was affected significantly.
An Address Delivered at the Opening of the Section of Psychology: At the Annual Meeting of the British Medical Association at Montreal, September, 1897
Authors: R. M. Bucke
Journal: BMJ (1897)

<h3>Background</h3> Healthcare systems are critical to the well-being of the society. In such a setting, the ability of the system to perform its intended mission/function during the designed period of time (ie, reliability) is essential. However, there remains a scarcity of literature, suggesting how the concept of reliability can be addressed in the context of critical healthcare infrastructure systems. <h3>Methods</h3> We recognise the importance of healthcare in the context of critical infrastructures. These systems produce goods and services essential for maintaining and sustaining public well-being. We suggest the use of failure mode, effects and criticality analysis (FAMECA) approach to increase reliability in critical healthcare systems. Phases of FAMECA are described. <h3>Results</h3> After reviewing the application of FAMECA and describing its basics, authors describe critical healthcare sector in terms of components, organisations, management and non-healthcare interdependent systems. The resulting application indicates applicability of the approach and articulates failure modes, effects and development of possible solutions to such modes and effects to increase reliability. The presented application, however, is very general and specific case applications are needed. <h3>Conclusions</h3> A decision to suggest the FAMECA as a methodological approach in critical healthcare systems is pivotal to improving systems reliability and enhances the ability of the system to meet its intended missions during the designed period of time. The utility of FAMECA is found in its ability to identify potential failure modes, their effects and suggesting remedial efforts, including tools and technologies to address failure modes and their effects.