tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 524: Influenza Vaccination Reduces The Risk Of Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Tienan Zhu, Laure Carcaillon, Isabelle Martinez, Jean-Pierre Cambou, Xavier Kyndt, Karine Rivron-Guillot, Marie-Christine Vergnes, Pierre-Yves Scarabin, Joseph EMMERICH
Journal: Circulation (2008)

It is widely accepted that influenza vaccination reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery diseases. However, no information is available concerning the role of influenza vaccination in venous thromboembolism (VTE). Methods: A case-control study was conducted in 727 cases and 727 age and sex-matched controls from 11 centers in France (the FARIVE study). Cases were patients with a first documented episode of VTE and without any personal history of cancer within the last 5 years; controls were recruited in the same hospital and had no personal history of venous or arterial thrombosis. Results: Overall, 202 (28.2%) of cases and 233 (32.1%) of controls had influenza vaccination during the previous 12 months at the time of recruitment. Information was not available for only 12 subjects out of 1454. The crude odds ratio (OR) for VTE associated with influenza vaccination was 0.76 (95% CI 0.58–0.99). After adjustment for potential confounding variables (age, sex, inclusion date, BMI, educational levels and varicose veins), the OR for VTE associated with vaccination was 0.74 (95% CI 0.57–0.97). The protective effect of vaccination toward VTE was higher in the population below 52 years (median of age), with an OR of 0.52 (95% CI 0.32–0.85). In women below the age of 51, the crude OR for VTE associated with influenza vaccination was 0.50 (95% CI 0.24–1.05) and was significant after adjustment for confounding variables including oral contraceptives, with an OR of 0.41 (95% CI 0.19–0.92). The protective effect of vaccination was similar for different types of VTE (DVT or PE). There was no statistical differences in the protective effects when we compared provoked with unprovoked VTE events. Conclusion: This is the first study that demonstrates a protective effect of influenza vaccination in VTE. In vitro influenza induces activation of coagulation and inflammation but we cannot rule out that the protective effect of influenza vaccination was due to other unknown mechanisms, as the protective effect was similar within the different seasons of the year. Influenza vaccination may reduce the risk of VTE by 26%. This relationship between influenza vaccination and VTE and its underlying mechanism still need to be analyzed and confirmed in further studies.
Chowchilla revisited: the effects of psychic trauma four years after a school-bus kidnapping
Authors: Lenore C. Terr
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1983)

A 4-year follow-up study of 25 school-bus kidnapping victims and one child who narrowly missed the experience revealed that every child exhibited posttraumatic effects. Symptom severity was related to the child's prior vulnerabilities, family pathology, and community bonding. Important new findings included pessimism about the future, belief in omens and prediction, memories of incorrect perceptions, thought suppression, shame, fear of reexperiencing traumatic anxiety, trauma-specific and mundane fears, posttraumatic play, behavioral reenactment, repetitions of psychophysiological disturbances that began with the kidnapping, repeated nightmares, and dreams of personal death. Brief treatment 5-13 months after the kidnapping did not prevent symptoms and signs 4 years later.
Value of Day 21 Flow Cytometry Minimal Residual Disease Assessment in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) for Early Identification of Good Responders
Authors: Marion Eveillard, Nelly Robillard, Richard Garand, Fanny Rialland, Nicolas Blin, Marion Strullu, Caroline Thomas, Chantal Fossat, Isabelle Arnoux, Marie-Christine Bene, Marie Loosveld
Journal: Blood (2014)
A controlled trial of fluvoxamine in obsessive-compulsive disorder: implications for a serotonergic theory
Authors: M A Jenike, S Hyman, L Baer, A Holland, W E Minichiello, L Buttolph, P Summergrad, R Seymour, J Ricciardi
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Thirty-eight patients with primary obsessive-compulsive disorder participated in a 10-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the potent, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor fluvoxamine. Fluvoxamine was significantly better than placebo on two of three measures of improvement in obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The authors also compared studies of the serotonergic agents fluvoxamine, sertraline, fluoxetine, and clomipramine and found that a greater effect size was associated with less serotonergic specificity and that some ability to affect other neurotransmitter systems may be a necessary but not sufficient requirement for antiobsessional activity. These data lend only partial support to a serotonin hypothesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Bence Jones Proteins and Light Chains of Immunoglobulins
Authors: Alan Solomon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The effect of corticosteroids and cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents on the excretion of Bence Jones protein was determined for periods of 1 - 62 mo in 29 patients with multiple myeloma and Bence Jones proteinuria. The amount of protein present in 24-h urine specimens collected before treatment and at frequent intervals during monthly treatment cycles was determined. Striking variations occurred in the amount of Bence Jones protein excretion; these changes were especially evident when 75 mg of prednisone were given daily for 7 days as part of a monthly chemotherapeutic regimen. Within the 7-day period seven patients showed essentially no decrease (<25%), whereas 13 and 9 patients had a moderate decrease (25-75%) or a marked decrease (>75%), respectively, in Bence Jones proteinuria as compared to pre-treatment values. The decrease in excretion of Bence Jones protein during this period was attributed mainly to corticosteroid therapy because of the transient nature of the response in most patients and the lack of such response in three patients when the hormone was omitted. Biosynthetic studies were performed to determine in vitro the effect of corticosteroids on Bence Jones protein synthesis. Plasma cells obtained from the bone marrow of 13 patients were incubated in a growth medium containing 14C-labeled lysine and isoleucine and prednisone in concentrations up to 240 μg/ml, and the amount of Bence Jones protein synthesized was determined immunochemically. No differences in viability were apparent between untreated and prednisone-treated cells. The type of response exhibited by an individual patient in the percent decrease of Bence Jones protein excreted after 7 days of prednisone treatment was comparable to the percent decrease in newly-synthesized Bence Jones protein secreted by tumor cells when cultured in the presence of prednisone at a concentration of 120 μg/ml. The marked differences in the capacity of corticosteroids to affect Bence Jones protein synthesis appear to reflect a biochemical heterogeneity among plasma cell neoplasms.
Treatment of seasonal affective disorder with green light and red light
Authors: D A Oren, G C Brainard, S H Johnston, J R Joseph-Vanderpool, E Sorek, N E Rosenthal
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

This study sought to determine whether an equal photon density of green light is superior to red light in treating seasonal affective disorder.After recruitment through the media, 20 outpatients with seasonal affective disorder participated in a balanced-order crossover trial of 1 week of green light therapy compared with 1 week of red light therapy. Each treatment consisted of 2 hours of daily light treatment at home in the early morning. Ultraviolet light was excluded from both treatment conditions. The photon densities of the two treatments (2.3 x 10(15) photons/sec per cm2) were similar to those used in previous studies of therapy with 2500-lux white light. Fourteen patients completed the study. At least 1 week separated each treatment period to allow time for relapse. Effectiveness of treatment was assessed by analysis of variance of changes in ratings on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression.Although patients' expectations of the two treatments were similar, green light induced greater antidepressant effects than red light. A Sequence by Color interaction was also demonstrated.Green light provides a treatment effect superior to that of red light and similar to that seen in previous studies with white light. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that retinal photoreceptors mediate the antidepressant response in seasonal affective disorder. Identifying optimal wavelengths for light treatment is important in optimizing phototherapy efficacy.
A Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled, Sixteen‐Week Study of Subcutaneous Golimumab in Patients With Active Nonradiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis
Authors: J. Sieper, D. van der Heijde, M. Dougados, W. P. Maksymowych, B. B. Scott, J. A. Boice, Y. Berd, G. Bergman, S. Curtis, A. Tzontcheva, S. Huyck, H. H. Weng
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

Axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by back pain and stiffness. The objective of this study was to determine whether golimumab is superior to placebo in patients with nonradiographic axial SpA.This phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was performed to evaluate subcutaneous golimumab (50 mg) versus placebo in patients ages ≥18 years to ≤45 years who had active nonradiographic axial SpA according to the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria for ≤5 years since diagnosis, high disease activity, and an inadequate response to or intolerance of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive golimumab or placebo subcutaneously every 4 weeks. The primary end point was 20% improvement according to the ASAS criteria (ASAS20) at week 16. Key secondary end points were an ASAS40 response, ASAS partial remission, 50% improvement in the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), and change in the Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) index for sacroiliac (SI) joint inflammation (SPARCC score).Of the 198 patients randomized, 197 were treated (97 received golimumab, and 100 received placebo). The mean age of the patients was 31 years, and 57.1% were male. At baseline, the mean ± SD BASDAI was 6.5 ± 1.5, the mean ± SD ASDAS was 3.5 ± 0.9, and the mean ± SD SPARCC score was 11.3 ± 14.0. The primary end point, an ASAS20 response, was achieved by significantly more patients in the golimumab group compared with the placebo group (71.1% versus 40.0%; P < 0.0001). An ASAS40 response was also achieved by significantly more patients in the golimumab group compared with the placebo group (56.7% versus 23.0%; P < 0.0001). The incidence of adverse events did not differ meaningfully between groups.Patients with active nonradiographic axial SpA treated with golimumab had significantly greater improvement in symptoms compared with patients treated with placebo. Golimumab was well tolerated and had a favorable risk/benefit profile.
Decision-making about breast cancer susceptibility testing: how similar are the attitudes of physicians, nurse practitioners, and at-risk women?
Authors: G Geller, B A Bernhardt, T Doksum, K J Helzlsouer, P Wilcox, N A Holtzman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To determine what consumers and providers would want to discuss about breast cancer susceptibility testing (BCST) and their preferred role in testing decisions. METHODS We surveyed 426 at-risk women, 143 nurse practitioners, and 296 physicians in five specialties in Maryland. RESULTS All groups believe it is important to discuss how the chance of breast cancer can be reduced and what the chances are of getting breast cancer if the test is positive. Both provider groups attributed more importance than consumers to discussing whether cancer can occur if the test is negative. Discussing the risk of depression and anxiety was more important to providers than consumers. Eighty-two percent of women would want their providers to make a recommendation about testing, but only 43% of nurse practitioners and 68% of physicians would do so. Eighteen percent of physicians underestimated the importance of informed consent for testing and 34% of discussing the risk of insurance discrimination. Fewer than 6% of women, if found to have a mutation, would be likely to undergo prophylactic mastectomy, whereas 12% of nurse practitioners and 34% of physicians would be likely to recommend such surgery. One third of respondents in all three groups supported testing a 13-year old daughter of a mutation-carrier. CONCLUSION Physicians should place greater value on informed consent and discussing practical aspects of testing, and physicians and nurse practitioners should pay more attention to the limitations of testing children, insurance discrimination, and consumers' desire for provider recommendations. In light of the limited discordance between nurse practitioners and consumers, nurse practitioners can play an increasing role in education and counseling about BCST.
The genomic landscape of high hyperdiploid childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Authors: Kajsa Paulsson, Henrik Lilljebjörn, Andrea Biloglav, Linda Olsson, Marianne Rissler, Anders Castor, Gisela Barbany, Linda Fogelstrand, Ann Nordgren, Helene Sjögren, Thoas Fioretos, Bertil Johansson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)
Rhinovirus lower respiratory tract infections and healthcare utilisation of prematurely born infants during infancy
Authors: Simon Drysdale, Mireia Alcazar, Therese Wilson, Simon Broughton, Gerrard F. Rafferty, Melvyn Smith, Mark Zuckerman, Sebastian Johnston, Anne Greenough
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim: RSV lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are associated with increased healthcare utilisation and cost of care in both term and prematurely born infants. Rhinovirus (RV) LRTI has been associated with increased respiratory morbidity at follow-up in term born infants. Our aim was to determine whether RV LRTIs were associated with increased health related cost of care in prematurely born infants and to compare any effect with that of RSV LRTIs.

Methods: 130 infants born <36 weeks GA were prospectively followed from birth until one year. A nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) was taken every time the infants had a LRTI either in hospital or in the community. NPAs were tested for RV, RSV A and B, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza 1-3, influenza A and B and adenovirus. Healthcare utilisation was determined by examining hospital and GP records and the cost of care calculated from the NHS reference costing scheme and British National Formulary for Children.

Results: 16 infants developed RV LRTIs (RV group), 14 infants developed RSV LRTIs (RSV group), eight infants developed both RSV and RV LRTI (“RSV and RV” group); 68 infants had no LRTI (no LRTI group). Compared to the no LRTI group, the RV group had higher costs for GP attendances (p<0.01) and medications (p<0.01) and the RSV group had higher hospital admission costs (p<0.05). The “RSV and RV” group had more PICU days than the other three groups (p<0.05) and greater hospital admission costs than the no LRTI (p<0.01) and the RV group (p<0.05).

Conclusion: RV LRTIs were associated with increased health related costs of care, but these were greater for RSV LRTIs and, in particular, dual infections with RSV and RV.
Uncemented Total Hip Replacement
Authors: P A Ring
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1981)

During the last 20 years almost 3000 uncemented total hip replacements have been used in the treatment of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The development of an axially located prosthesis is outlined, and the causes of failure indicated. Uncemented prostheses have the advantage of a relatively low mortality and morbidity and the rate of infection in particular is low. Interface pain, with or without frank prosthetic loosening, is the commonest cause of failure, but revisional surgery is relatively easy, and usually successful. Loss of function without significant pain may occur after many years from distal migration of the femoral component. The development of an uncemented metal-on-plastic joint has produced better short-term results than the metal-on-metal articulation, probably because of its lower frictional coefficient and the use of a wider range of pelvic and femoral components.
Dose-effect study of carboplatin in ovarian cancer: a Danish Ovarian Cancer Group study.
Authors: A Jakobsen, K Bertelsen, J E Andersen, H Havsteen, P Jakobsen, K A Moeller, K Nielsen, E Sandberg, I Stroeyer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To elucidate the effect of a doubled carboplatin dose-intensity in epithelial ovarian cancer in combination with a fixed dose of cyclophosphamide. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 222 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer stages II to IV were included in the study. Following surgery, patients were randomly assigned to receive carboplatin at an area under the concentration-versus-time curve (AUC) of 4 (AUC4) or carboplatin at an AUC of 8 (AUC8) and cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 given every 4 weeks for six courses. The AUC was calculated according to Calvert's formula. In 123 patients, the carboplatin AUC was also measured based on a single-sample method and the results were compared with the calculated AUC. The end points of the trial were complete pathologic remission (CPR) and crude survival. RESULTS Approximately 50% of patients in both arms underwent second-look surgery. The frequency of CPR was 32% and 30%, respectively. The survival curves showed no significant difference (P = .84). The dose-intensity of cyclophosphamide was almost identical in the two arms, whereas that of carboplatin was different. In the AUC8 arm, the dose-intensity was 1.86 times that of the AUC4 arm. The results also demonstrated good agreement between the calculated and the measured AUC in most patients. Bone marrow toxicity was significantly higher in the AUC8 arm. CONCLUSION A doubling of the carboplatin dose-intensity did not result in any significant improvement of pathologic remission or survival. Calvert's formula can be used to give a fairly accurate estimate of the carboplatin AUC. Bone marrow toxicity increased with higher dose-intensity, and a further increase of dose is only feasible with growth-factor or stem-cell support.
Natural history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Are slowly progressive and rapidly progressive really steady conditions?
Authors: Elisabetta Balestro, Emanuela Rossi, Ariel Floriani, Claudia Rinaldo, Francesca Lunardi, Monica Loy, Federico Rea, Manuel Cosio, Marina Saetta, Fiorella Calabrese
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating lung disease with heterogeneous clinical course. Some patients experience an accelerated disease progression (rapid progressors) while other remain relatively stable over time (slow progressors).  The aim was to investigate the different course of the disease in relation to survival. The study population included 55 IPF patients (age at diagnosis 53±1) categorized in rapid progressors and slow progressors by two distinct criteria: pre-diagnosis criteria (time from symptoms onset and IPF diagnosis) or by post-diagnosis criteria (decline in FVC%pr. over 12 months). When stratified by pre-diagnosis criteria 18% were rapid progressors while 66% were slow ones.When stratified according to post-diagnosis criteria 67% were rapid progressors and 33% were slow ones. The coefficient of agreement between the two criteria was 70% and 75% for slow and rapid progressors respectively indicating that up to 30%of patients did not maintain the same label. Stratification by pre-diagnosis criteria was not related to survival. Conversely, stratification by post-diagnosis criteria had a prognostic significance; indeed, rapid progressors had decreased survival as compared to slow ones (28±1Vs49±8mo.p=0.02). Of interest, rapid progressors according to post-diagnosis criteria, often display an unstable decline alternating periods of functional stability to a rapid deterioration.  In conclusion our data suggest the need to be cautious in labelling IPF patients to a fixed phenotype from the beginning of symptoms till death. It is possible that IPF patients show a variable and unpredictable clinical course rather than a steady condition.
Abstract 1487: CD44 on Bone Marrow-Derived Cells Limits T-Cell Recruitment But is Not Required for Atherogenesis in LDL Receptor-Deficient Mice
Authors: Sara Sjoberg, Annelie Carlsson, Kristina Skalen, Max Levin, Jan Boren, Alexandra Krettek
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Adhesion molecule CD44, expressed by vascular and inflammatory cells, is implicated as novel player in atherogenesis. We previously demonstrated enhanced CD44 in human atherosclerosis. Others have ...
Abstract P209: Serum B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Measurement Correlates with Microvascular Tissue Oxygenation
Authors: Christopher Hogan, Kevin Ward, Jasdeep Dalawari, Seth Kingree
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: When patients with heart failure (HF) are resuscitated from trauma or cardiac arrest, the underlying state of chronic microvascular hypoperfusion associated with HF poses additional management challenges. Tissue oxygenation assessment yields a quantitative measure that may allow a better understanding of HF on a microvascular level. B-type natriuretic protein (BNP) measurement, a currently used HF assessor, has not previously been correlated with microvascular oxygenation. Hypothesis: We hypothesize a microvascular oxygen extraction ratio (OERM) measured in acutely decompensated HF subjects will have poor correlation with BNP. Methods: Subjects with acutely decompensated HF presenting to a tertiary care ED had pulse oximetry (SaO2), mean arterial pressure, serum hemoglobin, BNP and demographics recorded upon presentation. The hypothenar cutaneous tissue oxygenation saturation (StO2) was measured with near-infrared spectroscopy and used to calculate OERM using the formula, OERM=0.8 × ([SaO2 −...
Septicaemia in Patients with Temporary and Permanent Endocardial Pacemakers
Authors: E G Smyth, D Pallister
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1989)

Twenty-four patients with staphylococcal septicaemia due to permanent (14) and temporary (10) endocardial pacemakers were reviewed. With permanent pacemakers local inflammation was usually present and the onset of septicaemia rapid. If patients were treated with high dose intravenous flucloxacillin combined with removal, recovery was usual. In patients with retained endocardial tips (6) we eradicated infection with medical treatment alone in four cases. We would advocate antistaphylococcal prophylaxis for patients undergoing revision in the presence of local inflammation and high dose intravenous flucloxacillin plus a second anti-staphylococcal antibiotic (e.g. gentamicin) in patients with septicaemia and a pacemaker in situ.