tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide BAC array-CGH and expression profiling of human seminomas, dysgerminomas, embryonal carcinomas and spermatocytic seminomas
Authors: Leendert H. Looijenga, A. D. Gillis, Hans Stoop, Remco Hersmus, Wolter J. Oosterhuis
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

1650   Human germ cell tumors (GCTs) comprise various entities, which are characterized by age of the patient at clinical presentation, clinical behavior, anatomical location, histology and chromosomal constitution of the tumor. Within the testis, seminomas and nonseminomas (including the stem cell component embryonal carcinoma) of adolescents and adults can be identified, as well as spermatocytic seminoma of elderly. In the ovary, the seminoma-like tumors are known as dysgerminoma. We performed a genome wide screen for genomic imbalances using 3.7 and 32 K BAC-array CGH on testicular seminomas (4), embryonal carcinomas (4), spermatocytic seminomas (5), ovarian dysgerminomas (n=4) and embryonal carcinoma (1). Known changes were identified, like gain of 7, 8, 12p and X and loss of 4, 5, and 13 in seminoma/dysgerminoma and embryonal carcinoma, as well as a consistent gain of chromosome 9 in spermatocytic seminoma. The shortest regions of overlap (SRO) could be identified, and novel gains and losses were found, including a restricted high-level amplification of 9p in a spermatocytic seminoma. This genomic profile was combined with data from a genome-wide expression analysis using Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Hierarchical clustering (Omniviz, after K-mean analyses, 2.75 fold expression difference) based on 1354 genes dividing the subtypes of tumors correctly. SAM analyses showed no differences between seminoma and dysgerminoma. In contrast, these tumors were significantly different from embryonal carcinomas (241 positively and 6 negatively correlated genes) and spermatocytic seminomas (150 positively and 235 negatively correlated genes). These included previously identified diagnostic markers, like KRT8/18, BCAT1, GDF3, c-KIT, NANOG, OCT3/4 and SSX. In addition, novel differentiating genes were identified, like C6orf148, MST4, TNFRSF1A, GAGE4/8, PARD, PRSS21, and TUBA. Moreover, strong candidate genes for the SRO were identified, in particular for the high level amplification on 9p in spermatocytic seminoma. Ingenuity analysis revealed the pathways in with these genes act in the different tumor types, like cell cycle control, cell morphology etc. This combined high through-put genomic and expression investigation on a limited set of well-defined tumors allowed identification of chromosomal regions, genes and pathways involved in the development of the cancer. This data set is informative to identify diagnostic markers, as well as determine the cell of origin of these tumors.
Chemotherapy Near the End of Life
Authors: Charles D. Blanke, Erik K. Fromme
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Drug points: Paroxetine and hepatotoxicity
Authors: S J Benbow, G Gill
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an antismoking campaign conducted by the Health Education Board for Scotland.Design: Descriptive survey of adult callers to a telephone helpline (Smokeline) for stopping smoking; panel study of a random sample of adult callers; assessment of changes in prevalence of smoking in Scotland before and after introduction of the helpline Setting: Telephone helpline.Subjects: Callers to Smokeline over the initial one year period.Detailed information was collected on a 10% sample (n = 8547).A cohort of adult smokers who called Smokeline (total n = 848) was followed up by telephone interview three weeks, six months, and one year after the initial call.Main outcome measures: Numbers of adult smokers calling helpline; changes in smoking behaviour, especially stopping smoking among cohort members; and changes in prevalence of smoking in the general population.Results: An estimated 82 782 regular adult smokers made genuine contact with Smokeline over the year, representing about 5.9% of all adult smokers in Scotland.At one year 143 of the cohort of 848 callers (23.6%; 95% confidence interval 20.2% to 27.0%) reported that they had stopped smoking, and 534 (88.0%; 85.4% to 90.6%) reported having made some change.About 19 500 (16 700 to 22 350) adult smokers, equivalent to 1.4% (1.2% to 1.6%) of the mean adult smoking population, stopped smoking with direct help from Smokeline.During the second year of the campaign (1994) smoking prevalence among 25-65 year olds in Scotland was 6% (2.0% to 10.0%) lower than it had been before the start of the campaign. Conclusion:The Health Education Board for Scotland's antismoking campaign reached a high number of adult smokers, was associated with a highly acceptable quit rate among adults given direct help through Smokeline, and contributed considerably to an accelerated decline in smoking prevalence in Scotland.
Abstract P097: Predictive Model of Bleeding Events in Atrial Fibrillation Patients Using Dabigatran
Authors: Ian R Rapson, Lin Y Chen, Richard F Maclehose, Pamela L Lutsey, Alvaro Alonso
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Objective: Develop a model to predict incident bleeding events in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients on dabigatran, using clinically available variables. Hypothesis: A predictive model of bleeding in dabigatran users developed from claims data will be clinically useful. Methods: We studied AF patients initiating dabigatran, a new oral anticoagulant, in the MarketScan dataset, a large healthcare utilization database, in the period 2010-2012. Two thirds of the sample was randomly selected and used to derive the predictive model (training dataset), which was then validated in the remaining third (testing dataset). Predictors were selected from diagnosis, procedural, and medication codes potentially associated with bleeding using health claims. The outcome of interest were intracranial bleeding or gastrointestinal hemorrhage, defined by validated algorithms. A Cox model with backwards elimination of variables (p<0.05 threshold) was used to select variables for the predictive model. Discrimination was determine...
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum presenting as a cutaneous horn
Authors: S.Y. Wen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Syringocystadenoma papilliferum presenting as a cutaneous horn Get access S.Y. Wen S.Y. Wen Department of Dermatology, Taipei Municipal Chung Hsiao Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Correspondence: Su Ying Wen, 9F‐1, no. 230, Jen‐Ai Road, Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan. E‐mail: suyinwen@ms15.hinet.net Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 6, 1 June 2000, Pages 1242–1244, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03562.x Published: 01 June 2000
Who Has Seen a Blood Sugar? Reflections on Medical Education, by Frank Davidoff
Authors: J. T. Hart
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Frank Davidoff / American College of Physicians, £33, pp 226 / ISBN 0 943126 47 9

As George Silver, a great North American educationist, once remarked, medical education cannot lead medical practice: practice leads education. He was talking about the foundations, not interior decoration. Medical schools certainly influence the fine points of decoration, but they don't change the building. Which is as it should be, as this building has a social function and …
Prognostic factors for local recurrence in the conservatively treated breast cancer patient: a cautious interpretation of the data.
Authors: B G Haffty, D Fischer, M Rose, M Beinfield, C McKhann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1991)

Between 1962 and 1984, a total of 433 patients were treated at Yale-New Haven Hospital with conservative surgery and radiation therapy (CS + RT) to the intact breast. As of January 1990, with a minimum assessable follow-up of 5 years and a median follow-up of 8.21 years, there have been a total of 50 breast recurrences resulting in a 5-year actuarial breast recurrence rate of 8%. Of all clinical factors tested, young age was the most significant prognostic factor for local recurrence (P less than .03). In addition, patients with pathologically involved lymph nodes were noted to have a lower local recurrence rate than patients with pathologically negative axillae (P less than .05). These findings were especially notable given the fact that the node-positive group had a higher percentage of T2 tumors and a higher percentage of patients in the young age group. These paradoxical findings, however, may be explained by the fact that 88% of the node-positive patients underwent adjuvant systemic therapy in the form of either systemic chemotherapy or hormonal therapy, while only 8% of node-negative patients underwent any adjuvant systemic therapy. When analyzed as a function of adjuvant therapy, those patients receiving adjuvant therapy had a lower local recurrence rate than those patients not receiving adjuvant therapy (P less than .08). We conclude that adjuvant systemic therapy impacts on the ipsilateral breast recurrence rate in patients treated with CS + RT. The implications of this study in light of the widespread use of adjuvant systemic therapy are discussed.
Economics notes: Costing in economic evaluation
Authors: J. Raftery
Journal: BMJ (2000)

This is another in an occasional series of notes on economics 

These notes are edited by James Raftery (J.P.RAFTERY@bham.ac.uk)

As argued in previous notes, the perspective of an economic evaluation—societal or confined to some organisation—affects the range of both outcomes and costs that should be included. The case has been made for taking a societal perspective,1 particularly for publicly funded programmes, but the range of resource effects that are potentially relevant is enormous. As with a stone dropped in a large pool of water the ripples in theory go on indefinitely, and some have spill-over effects. For practical purposes, however, one would want to measure only those occurring within a certain radius. The perspective adopted affects the “resource frame” of the study. The societal perspective implies taking a very large frame, while that of the public sector, or a particular organisation, implies a much reduced frame.

Three stages can be usefully distinguished in costing: identification, measurement, and valuation. Identification consists of …
In Borneo Jungles Among the Dyak Headhunters.
Authors: William O. Krohn
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pain Studies Illuminate the Placebo Effect
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Conflict-of-interest issues are not unique to government organizations. “The conflicts that were exposed at NIH are a microcosm of the kinds of problems that exist throughout all biomedicine now,” said Schechter. He added that this episode may have a salutary effect if it leads to discussions of how all health-related institutions should deal with conflicts of interest. Many medical schools and hospitals have conflict-of-interest policies in place, but it is often unclear if these are well enforced. Today, many physicians interact with industry as consultants, investigators in clinical trials sponsored by drug companies, or other roles. A recent commentary noted that with nearly 1 of 10 US physicians currently engaged in a formal consultancy with the investment industry, awareness needs to be increased regarding the implications of these interactions (Topol and Blumenthal. JAMA. 2005;293:26542657). The NIH’s ethics regulations can be found at http://www.nih.gov/about /ethics_COI.htm.
Palliative Care Ethics: A Good Companion Palliative Care Ethics: A Good Companion
Authors: M. Minton
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Fiona Randall, R S Downie Oxford University Press, £19.50, pp 160 ISBN 0 19 262632 9

Currently, society is trying to cope with medicine's rapidly increasing knowledge base and technological sophistication, while recognising the need to respect individuals and their rights. We urgently need to clarify society's moral principles so that we can balance the sometimes competing needs of individuals and society.

Attempts to safeguard these principles have led to a burgeoning of advice on ethical matters. While some critics have deprecated the “ethics industry,” …
Abstract #2339: Biodistribution of 188-Rhenium-labeled antibody to E6 viral protein in experimental cervical tumors_a potential highly selective tumor-specific treatment for HPV-related cervical cancer
Authors: Rebecca Phaeton, Xing Wang, Mark Einstein, Gary Goldberg, Arturo Casadevall, Ekaterina Dadachova
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 18-22, 2009; Denver, CO

Introduction: E6 and E7 are two viral intra-cellular onco-proteins that impair control of cell replication in HPV-induced cervix cancer by interfering with p53 and retinoblastoma respectively. We hypothesize that radioimmunotherapy (RIT) targeting viral intra-cellular antigens could be efficacious in the treatment of HPV-associated tumors by utilizing 188-Rhenium (188-Re) labeled monoclonal antibodies to E6 and E7 released from necrotic parts of tumor. Objective: To evaluate tumor specificity of 188-Re labeled antibody to E6 by comparing the percent uptake by different organs in a mouse model. To test the effects of radiation and MG-132, a protease inhibitor, on the expression of E6 in the tumors. Methods: In the first biodistribution study, comparison between treatment effects of 6 Gy of tumor directed radiation and administration of MG-132 were studied. Tumor was initiated by injecting CaSki cells subdermally in 6 -week old nude mice. Fifteen mice, whose average tumor size was 0.8 x 0.9 x 0.2 cm, were assigned to treatment and control groups and given an intraperitoneal injection of MG-132 followed by of 20 µg 188-Re labeled antibody to E6 three hours later. Based on radiation dose-escalation studies, 6 Gy was administered 72 hours prior to injection of antibody; the time point of maximum cell death. All mice were sacrificed 24 hours after 188-Re E6 antibody injection. A second biodistribution study was performed on another population of 8 mice to confirm the effects of MG-132 given at 20µg dose on uptake of antibody in tumors and normal organs. The radiation uptake of each tumor was measured using a LKB 1282 Compugamma Universal Gamma Counter. Results: The 188-Re-E6 antibody showed high retention in the nude mice treated with MG-132 producing a mean absorption injected dose of 1.5 %ID/g compared to 0.65 %ID/g without MG-132. Pretreatment with 6Gy radiation conferred a negative effect on antibody uptake in the tumor. Biodistribution in normal organs, regardless of treatment with MG-132, radiation, or antibody alone, was several times less than published data for of 188-Re-labeled IgG. Blood was 5%ID/g, kidneys 2.3%ID/g, liver 1%ID/g, and spleen less than 1%ID/g. Conclusion: The administration of 188-Re labeled antibody to E6, an intracellular target, shows tumor specificity which is enhanced with use of MG-132. The biodistribution studies of other organs further confer the ability of the antibody to specifically target E6 in tumor with very insignificant uptake in normal organs which should result in low toxicity of such treatment.

Citation Information: In: Proc Am Assoc Cancer Res; 2009 Apr 18-22; Denver, CO. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; 2009. Abstract nr 2339.
Mendelian Inheritance in Man. Catalogs of Autosomal Dominant, Autosomal Recessive, and X-Linked Phenotypes.
Authors: Victor A. McKusick
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

Since 1966, when it first appeared, and through nine editions, McKusick's catalogue has been the definitive reference work on human genetic traits and disorders. Now in two volumes, the tenth edition contains a total of 5,710 entries, 869 more than the ninth, and presents information obtained through March 1, 1992. New in this edition are a guide to the use of OMIM and the genetic code in two alternative easy-to-use formats.
Abstract 287: Characterizing the genetic basis of methylome diversity in histologically normal human lung tissue
Authors: Jianxin Shi, Crystal Marconett, Jubao Duan, Paula Hyland, Peng Li, Zhaoming Wang, William Wheeler, Mihaela Campan, Jing Huang, Weiyin Zhou, Tim Triche, Laufey Amundadottir, Amy Hutchinson, Po-Han Chen, Beiyun Zhou, Brian Chung, Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Andrew W. Bergen, Mathew Freedman, Diane Lee, Kim Siegmund, Andrew Clay Warner, Ben Berman, Angela C. Pesatori, Zea Borok, Dario Consonni, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Margaret Tucker, Neil Caporaso, Stephen J. Chanock, Ite A. Laird-Offringa, Maria Teresa Landi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The genetic regulation of the human epigenome is not fully appreciated. Here we describe the effects of genetic variants on the DNA methylome in human lung based on methylation-quantitative trait loci (meQTL) analyses. We report 34,304 cis- and 585 trans-meQTLs, a genetic-epigenetic interaction of surprising magnitude, including a regulatory hotspot. These findings are replicated in both breast and kidney tissues and show distinct patterns: cis-meQTLs mostly localize to CpG sites outside of genes, promoters, and CpG islands (CGIs) while trans-meQTLs are over-represented in promoter CGIs. meQTL SNPs are enriched in CTCF binding sites, DNaseI hypersensitivity regions and histone marks. Importantly, 4 of the 5 established lung cancer risk loci in European ancestry are cis-meQTLs and, in aggregate, cis-meQTLs are enriched for lung cancer risk in a genome-wide analysis of 11,587 subjects. Thus, inherited genetic variation may affect lung carcinogenesis by regulating the human methylome. Citation Format: Jianxin Shi, Crystal Marconett, Jubao Duan, Paula Hyland, Peng Li, Zhaoming Wang, William Wheeler, Mihaela Campan, Jing Huang, Weiyin Zhou, Tim Triche, Laufey Amundadottir, Amy Hutchinson, Po-Han Chen, Beiyun Zhou, Brian Chung, Pier Alberto Bertazzi, Andrew W. Bergen, Mathew Freedman, Diane Lee, Kim Siegmund, Andrew Clay Warner, Ben Berman, Angela C. Pesatori, Zea Borok, Dario Consonni, Nilanjan Chatterjee, Margaret Tucker, Neil Caporaso, Stephen J. Chanock, Ite A. Laird-Offringa, Maria Teresa Landi. Characterizing the genetic basis of methylome diversity in histologically normal human lung tissue. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 287. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-287
Differential activation of airway eosinophils induces <scp>IL</scp>‐13‐mediated allergic Th2 pulmonary responses in mice
Authors: E. A. Jacobsen, A. D. Doyle, D. C. Colbert, K. R. Zellner, C. A. Protheroe, W. E. LeSuer, N. A. Lee, J. J. Lee
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract Background Eosinophils are hallmark cells of allergic Th2 respiratory inflammation. However, the relative importance of eosinophil activation and the induction of effector functions such as the expression of IL ‐13 to allergic Th2 pulmonary disease remain to be defined. Methods Wild‐type or cytokine‐deficient ( IL ‐13 −/− or IL ‐4 −/− ) eosinophils treated with cytokines ( GM ‐ CSF , IL ‐4, IL ‐33) were adoptively transferred into eosinophil‐deficient recipient mice subjected to allergen provocation using established models of respiratory inflammation. Allergen‐induced pulmonary changes were assessed. Results In contrast to the transfer of untreated blood eosinophils to the lungs of recipient eosinophil deficient mice, which induced no immune/inflammatory changes either in the lung or in the lung draining lymph nodes ( LDLN ), pretreatment of blood eosinophils with GM ‐ CSF prior to transfer elicited trafficking of these eosinophils to LDLN . In turn, these LDLN eosinophils elicited the accumulation of dendritic cells and CD 4 + T cells to these same LDLN s without inducing pulmonary inflammation. However, exposure of eosinophils to GM ‐ CSF , IL ‐4, and IL ‐33 prior to transfer induced not only immune events in the LDLN , but also allergen‐mediated increases in airway Th2 cytokine/chemokine levels, the subsequent accumulation of CD 4 + T cells as well as alternatively activated (M2) macrophages, and the induction of pulmonary histopathologies. Significantly, this allergic respiratory inflammation was dependent on eosinophil‐derived IL ‐13, whereas IL ‐4 expression by eosinophils had no significant role. Conclusion The data demonstrate the differential activation of eosinophils as a function of cytokine exposure and suggest that eosinophil‐specific IL ‐13 expression by activated cells is a necessary component of the subsequent allergic Th2 pulmonary pathologies.