tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Resident fibroblast lineages mediate pressure overload–induced cardiac fibrosis
Authors: Thomas Moore-Morris, Nuno Guimarães-Camboa, Indroneal Banerjee, Alexander C. Zambon, Tatiana Kisseleva, Aurélie Velayoudon, William B. Stallcup, Yusu Gu, Nancy D. Dalton, Marta Cedenilla, Rafael Gomez-Amaro, Bin Zhou, David A. Brenner, Kirk L. Peterson, Ju Chen, Sylvia M. Evans
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Activation and accumulation of cardiac fibroblasts, which result in excessive extracellular matrix deposition and consequent mechanical stiffness, myocyte uncoupling, and ischemia, are key contributors to heart failure progression. Recently, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT) and the recruitment of circulating hematopoietic progenitors to the heart have been reported to generate substantial numbers of cardiac fibroblasts in response to pressure overload–induced injury; therefore, these processes are widely considered to be promising therapeutic targets. Here, using multiple independent murine Cre lines and a collagen1a1-GFP fusion reporter, which specifically labels fibroblasts, we found that following pressure overload, fibroblasts were not derived from hematopoietic cells, EndoMT, or epicardial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Instead, pressure overload promoted comparable proliferation and activation of two resident fibroblast lineages, including a previously described epicardial population and a population of endothelial origin. Together, these data present a paradigm for the origins of cardiac fibroblasts during development and in fibrosis. Furthermore, these data indicate that therapeutic strategies for reducing pathogenic cardiac fibroblasts should shift from targeting presumptive EndoMT or infiltrating hematopoietically derived fibroblasts, toward common pathways upregulated in two endogenous fibroblast populations.
ANORECTAL PAIN AND ITS CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
Authors: LOUIS J. HIRSCHMAN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

The two symptoms that usually first induce the patient to consult his physician are pain and some noticeable departure from normal in his physiologic functions. Pain is usually the symptom that induces this contact in the vast majority of cases, but apprehension and worry caused by any noticeable deviation from the normal is second only to physical suffering in causing an individual to seek medical advice and care. Pain referred to or originating in the anorectal region usually induces the patient to seek relief promptly on its appearance. Since in most cases pain is aggravated by anorectal function and this perforce cannot be suspended in the average case for a very long period of time, the patient who seeks immediate medical advice as a result of his disability should be the recipient of early and effective therapy. Unfortunately, in many instances, a large group of persons will defer medical attention
Human Rights and Medicine's Obligations
Authors: M. A. Nurhussein
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 March 1993Human Rights and Medicine's ObligationsM. A. Nurhussein, MDM. A. Nurhussein, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-118-6-199303150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Drs. Brennan and Kirschner [1] are to be commended for raising important issues about medical ethics and human rights violations during and after the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait. The magnitude of human rights violations committed by the Iraqi occupation army and the persecution of Palestinians by the restored emirate may never be fully known. What is clear, however, is that tens of thousands of Iraqis were pulverized in the Arabian Desert to bring the Sabah family back to power. The systematic bombing of the Iraqi infrastructure, with the “collateral damage” to life and property, the uprising of ...References1. Brennan TA, Kirschner R. Medical ethics and human rights violations: the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait and its aftermath. Ann Intern Med. 1992; 117:78-82. Google Scholar2. American College of Physicians. ACP ethics manual. Ann Intern Med. 1989; 111:245-52, 327-35. Google Scholar3. International Organization of Islamic Medicine. Islamic Code of Medical Ethics. 1981:26. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 March 1993Volume 118, Issue 6Page: 476KeywordsArabic peopleChild healthChildrenHealth promotionHeartMedical ethicsStarvationTouch ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 March 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Failure of prostaglandins, prostaglandin metabolites and arachidonic acid to elicit chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes
Authors: A. PAZZAGLIA, AUDREY BARKER, A.P. WARIN, M.W. GREAVES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article Failure of prostaglandins, prostaglandin metabolites and arachidonic acid to elicit chemotaxis of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes Get access A. PAZZAGLIA, A. PAZZAGLIA Institute of Dermatology and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar AUDREY BARKER, AUDREY BARKER Institute of Dermatology and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.P. WARIN, A.P. WARIN Institute of Dermatology and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ †Requests for reprints to Dr A.P.Warin, St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.W. GREAVES M.W. GREAVES Institute of Dermatology and St John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle Street, Leicester Square, London WC2H 7BJ Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 96, Issue 5, 1 May 1977, Pages 533–536, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb07157.x Published: 01 May 1977
GP led commissioning has inherent conflict of interest, says GP leader
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Fracture Liaison Services (FLSs) are recommended healthcare models to deliver secondary fracture prevention and reduce the risk of subsequent fractures. Several studies have demonstrated the cost and clinical effectiveness of FLSs, but there is little real-world data on the impact of FLSs on subsequent hip fracture rates. A cohort of 50,214 patients from the national FLS database with an index fracture of the hip, spine, or other in 2017 was linked to the National Hip Fracture Database from 2017 to 2020 to identify those patients who went on to have a subsequent hip fracture. One in twenty (5.1%) of the 9,888 people in whom the index fracture was at the hip went on to suffer a second hip fracture within 3-4 years, despite receiving the support of an FLS. The risk of hip fracture was similar (4.7%) if the index fracture was at the spine, but lower at other sites (2.8%, p&lt;0.001) and the interval shortest after an index hip fracture (1.1 years (0.4,2.0) p&lt;0.001). The proportion of patients with a subsequent hip fracture was not lower by types of anti-osteoporotic medication. This work highlights the need for alternative anti-osteoporotic management strategies to rapidly decrease the risk of subsequent hip fractures for people seen by an FLS setting with levels of risk that are even higher for patients in areas which are still not served by an FLS.
TRAUMATIC FAT NECROSIS OF THE BREAST
Authors: P. J. Moir
Journal: BMJ (1929)

TILE following case appears to be worthi reCordinig on accouinit of tho unusual symptoms.A man, aged 37, had mumps as a clhild, but otherwise no illness w%orthy of note till Decernber, 1915, wheCn lie was invalided from the army with dysentery.Shortly after returning to duty he was buried by a shell.He was apparently concussed, and.immediately afterwards the tlhyroid glan-d was seen to be much enlarged; it gradually became smalele, and now seems to be normal.Shortly after the concussion lie began to lhave attacks of epigastric pain, associated with huiiger, about half an hour after meals, and tender- ness in the epigastrium to the right of the mid-line.At this time lie was having irregular meals and smoked hcavily; the pain was relieved by food for about half an hour, and then returned increased, being frequenitly associated with vomiting.At the beginning the attacks lasted about a week, pain appearing after cvery meal during this time tllere were intervals of two or tlhree rnonths durinig which he was entirely free from symptoms.The attacks were specially severe during the winter, and were usually accompanied by enlargement of the thyroid gland.They gradually became more frequent and of longer duration.In July, 1919, he liad an attack of unusual severity, and three weeks later, while working in Iiis office, he experienced sudden acute abdominal pain associated with repeated vomiting.An opera- tioIn was performed for *pe.rforated duodenal ulcer, but he was apparenitly given no instructions as to diet, anid he ate wlhat lhe pleased.He remained well for about two years, after wlhich the symptoms appeared affain more acutely, and the pain and tender- ness extended across tlhle epigastrium.The stools now slhowed the prcsence, of occult blood.He was treated for six weeks by dieting, but was not confined to bed.After a short interval the symptomis returned, and in February, 1925, gastro-jejunostomy was per- formed; following this, he was put on a moderately restricted diet for two months.
THE IMPACT OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR CTO LESIONS AND CONTRAST MEDIA ON RENAL FUNCTION: THE ROLE OF RETROGRADE APPROACH
Authors: Masashi Kimura, Soichiro Ebisawa, Nobuyoshi Tanaka, Kenya Nasu, Tatsuya Ito, Yoshihisa Kinoshita, Mariko Ehara, Etsuo Tsuchikane, Yasushi Asakura, Mitsuyasu Terashima, Osamu Katoh, Takahiko Suzuki
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
TWO DIFFERENT ABLATION STRATEGIES IN PATIENTS WITH PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: A PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED COMPARISON
Authors: Aleksandr Borisovich Romanov, Evgeny Pokushalov, Sergey Artemenko, Vitaliy Shabanov, Ilya Stenin, Alex Turov
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Aspirin for everyone older than 50?: AGAINST
Authors: Colin Baigent
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Current population screening for vascular disease is neither efficient nor effective. Peter Elwood and colleagues believe we should have a public information strategy highlighting the benefits (and risks) of aspirin for older people, but Colin Baigent argues that the evidence of benefit is not yet strong enough

An age threshold approach to aspirin prophylaxis in people without known vascular disease has two important problems. The balance of benefits and risks of aspirin in people aged 70 or over has not been clearly defined in randomised trials, and the benefits do not clearly exceed the risks in younger people without vascular disease. Consequently, it would be unwise to adopt such a policy, whatever age threshold is chosen, until we are sure that older patients will derive net benefit from it.

Among high risk patients with known occlusive arterial disease and a greater than 3% annual risk of a vascular event (defined as non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke, or vascular death), the benefits of aspirin substantially outweigh the risks of bleeding. A recent meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet drugs versus control showed that for every 1000 such patients treated for a year, aspirin would be expected to prevent about 10-20 vascular events and cause one or two major gastrointestinal bleeds.1 In a wide range of high risk …
Is there a connection between the right upper pulmonary vein and the superior vena cava in patients with atrial fibrillation?
Authors: Walid I. Saliba, Nassir Marrouche, David Martin, Krzysztof Balaban, Christopher Cole, Thomas Dressing, Eduardo Saad, Ahmad Abdul-Karim, Robert Schweikert, Patrick Tchou, Andrea Natale
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Repolarization abnormalities in survivors of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation.
Authors: R E Haynes, A P Hallstrom, L A Cobb
Journal: Circulation (1978)

Survivors of out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) are at high risk for recurrent VF, probably reflecting continued myocardial electrical instability. In this study 12-lead ECGs of 125 VF survivors with coronary heart disease were examined and compared to those of 98 ambulatory post-MI patients. The study was part of an effort to define clinical identifiers of patients likely to develop sudden cardiac death. Ventricular fibrillation survivors were commonly had premature ventricular complexes (PVCs):30% versus 13% (P less than 0.01). In addition, ECGs of VF survivors showed a significantly greater prevalence of ST-segment depression (46% versus 10%), T wave flattening (52% versus 26%), and QTc prolongation (35% versus 18%). It is proposed that these repolarization abnormalities represent asynchronous repolarization, which together with frequent PVCs, may set the stage for re-entrant ventricular dysrhythmias and ultimately VF. It is also possible that repolarization abnormalities together with premature ventricular contractions might serve as markers of patients with coronary heart disease who are at increased risk for sudden cardiac death.
Abstract 4824: Evaluation of CTCs enriched with a flexible microspring array device as a prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Ramdane Harouaka, Xin Liu, Waleed Khan, Tasleema Khan, Ayeh Asiaii, Christine Christ, Rebecca Miller, Shawn Rice, Chandra Belani, Siyang Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The dissemination of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) implicated in the metastatic spread of cancer accounts for the majority of cancer-related deaths. CTCs have been established as a prognostic biomarker and are associated with worse survival outcomes in various cancer types. However, the implication of CTCs as a prognostic marker in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has not yet been established. We have employed a flexible micro spring array (FMSA) device for label-free mechanical enrichment of CTCs from whole blood samples obtained from patients with advanced and metastatic lung adenocarcinoma. CTCs were enriched and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively based on immunocytochemical determination of phenotype and morphological characteristics. Follow up samples were analyzed during the course of therapy and CTC results were correlated to patient survival and tumor burden. FMSA enriched CTCs obtained from a blood sample may prove to be a prognostic biomarker for advanced lung cancer. Citation Format: Ramdane Harouaka, Xin Liu, Waleed Khan, Tasleema Khan, Ayeh Asiaii, Christine Christ, Rebecca Miller, Shawn Rice, Chandra Belani, Siyang Zheng. Evaluation of CTCs enriched with a flexible microspring array device as a prognostic biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4824. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4824
A Short Run of Ventricular Fibrillation
Authors: Eric Dyer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Ad Libitum1 June 1992A Short Run of Ventricular FibrillationEric Dyer, MDEric Dyer, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-11-955_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThat strong heartDances the night awayAcross the checkered floor,A hot stylus marking every step.But the stageband takes a break,And someone puts on the Rolling Stones.Those crazy cordaeSnap their fingers to the beat,And that goofball, the mitral valve,Tries to play cymbals.The left atrium slips into the shadows,Sips spiked punch,And flirts with the sinus node.The dim room glitters with potassium ionsFluxing with ATP.The fun, as fragile as tinsel,Is just beginning when two coronariesBegin to twist like Chubby Checker.But the record soon ends.Everyone sits... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1992Volume 116, Issue 11Page: 955-955KeywordsAdenosine triphosphateHeartLeft atriumPotassiumVentricular fibrillation Issue Published: 1 June 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...
Chocolate consumption and cardiometabolic disorders: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: A. Buitrago-Lopez, J. Sanderson, L. Johnson, S. Warnakula, A. Wood, E. Di Angelantonio, O. H. Franco
Journal: BMJ (2011)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the association of chocolate consumption with the risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders. <b>Design</b> Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and observational studies. <b>Data sources</b> Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, IPA, Web of Science, Scopus, Pascal, reference lists of relevant studies to October 2010, and email contact with authors. <b>Study selection</b> Randomised trials and cohort, case-control, and cross sectional studies carried out in human adults, in which the association between chocolate consumption and the risk of outcomes related to cardiometabolic disorders were reported. <b>Data extraction</b> Data were extracted by two independent investigators, and a consensus was reached with the involvement of a third. The primary outcome was cardiometabolic disorders, including cardiovascular disease (coronary heart disease and stroke), diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. A meta-analysis assessed the risk of developing cardiometabolic disorders by comparing the highest and lowest level of chocolate consumption. <b>Results</b> From 4576 references seven studies met the inclusion criteria (including 114 009 participants). None of the studies was a randomised trial, six were cohort studies, and one a cross sectional study. Large variation was observed between these seven studies for measurement of chocolate consumption, methods, and outcomes evaluated. Five of the seven studies reported a beneficial association between higher levels of chocolate consumption and the risk of cardiometabolic disorders. The highest levels of chocolate consumption were associated with a 37% reduction in cardiovascular disease (relative risk 0.63 (95% confidence interval 0.44 to 0.90)) and a 29% reduction in stroke compared with the lowest levels. <b>Conclusions</b> Based on observational evidence, levels of chocolate consumption seem to be associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of cardiometabolic disorders. Further experimental studies are required to confirm a potentially beneficial effect of chocolate consumption.
Suicide Risk and Efficacy of Antidepressant Drugs—Reply
Authors: Robert D. Gibbons, C. Hendricks Brown, Kwan Hur, John M. Davis, J. John Mann
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

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Posterior subcapsular cataract and inhaled corticosteroid therapy.
Authors: F Abuekteish, J N Kirkpatrick, G Russell
Journal: Thorax (1995)

BACKGROUND--Although posterior subcapsular cataract complicates both systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy, the literature on the effects of inhaled corticosteroids is conflicting. METHODS--One hundred and forty children and young adults on inhaled corticosteroids were examined by slit lamp ophthalmoscopy after pupillary dilatation; 103 had received one or more short courses (&lt; or = 7 days) of oral corticosteroids in the management of acute asthmatic attacks and four had also received one or more prolonged courses (&gt; or = 4 weeks) of alternate day oral corticosteroid therapy. RESULTS--Bilateral posterior subcapsular cataract was identified in one girl who had received several prolonged courses of oral corticosteroids, but was not identified in any other patient. CONCLUSIONS--There is no evidence to support the contention that inhaled corticosteroid therapy on its own, or in association with short courses of oral corticosteroid therapy, might cause cataracts. Although children receiving long term systemic corticosteroid therapy should be screened for cataracts, this is unnecessary in children on inhaled corticosteroids alone.
Diabetic Nephropathy and Microalbuminuria in the Community: The South Auckland Diabetes Survey
Authors: David Simmons, Lois M Shaw, David J Scott, Tim Kenealy, Robert K Scragg
Journal: Diabetes Care (1994)

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical, anthropometric, and metabolic characteristics of New Zealand Europeans, Maori, and Pacific Islanders with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) with emphasis on risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional survey of 555 (74% of 750 available) diabetic patients attending diabetes clinics and randomly selected primary care centers was conducted in Auckland, New Zealand. RESULTS Among those with NIDDM, Maori and Pacific Islanders were younger at diagnosis, more obese, and had poorer glucose control when compared with the Europeans (fructosamine in μmol/l: Maori 335 ± 78, Pacific Islanders 367 ± 90, Europeans 318 ± 55; overall P &amp;lt; 0.001). Systolic blood pressure (sBP) was higher in Maori (145 ± 31 mmHg) and lower in Pacific Islanders (135 ± 25 mmHg) when compared with Europeans (141 ± 25 mmHg; overall P &amp;lt; 0.005). Mean estimated daily urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was 18.2 (15.5–1.3) mg/day in Europeans, 94.8 (60.5–148.7) mg/day in Maori, and 44.2 (32.3–60.3) mg/day in Pacific Islanders. The prevalence of proteinuria and end-stage renal failure were also higher in Maori and Pacific Islanders. The excess prevalence of microalbuminuria and proteinuria in Maori was present within 5 years of diagnosis. Europeans with impaired renal function were least likely to have associated proteinuria or microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria and nephropathy were not consistently associated with either higher blood pressure or worse glucose control. CONCLUSIONS NIDDM in Maori and Pacific Islanders is associated with a greater degree of proteinuria and end-stage renal failure than that in Europeans. This observation is not explained by conventional risk factors.