tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 5931: The Presence and Pattern of Late Gadolinium Enhancement on cardiac MRI in Amyloidosis is Associated with Other Markers of Prognosis
Authors: Imran Syed, James Glockner, Philip A Araoz, DaLi Feng, Matthew Martinez, Morie A Gertz, Angela Dispenzieri, Jae K Oh, Martha Grogan
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective: Recent MRI studies have demonstrated the common occurrence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in cardiac amyloidosis (CA). However, the association of LGE presence and pattern with other clinical, morphological, functional, and biochemical parameters has not yet been demonstrated. It is important to define this association, since many of these parameters (NYHA class, ventricular thickness, cardiac biomarkers) have prognostic implications. Methods: Of 151 patients with confirmed systemic amyloidosis who underwent LGE cardiac MRI between January 2006 and December 2007 to evaluate for possible CA, 120 (AL 100, senile 9, and familial 11) were included after meeting of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Cine MRI images were analyzed for morphologic and functional data. LGE images were analyzed for presence and pattern of LGE. Clinical data including ECG’s and cardiac biomarkers was obtained. Results: LGE evidence of CA was present in 95 patients and absent in 25 patients. Three main patterns of LGE were observed. These were global diffuse transmural (homogenous or heterogenous) or subendocardial, suboptimally nulled myocardium without clear hyperenhancement, and focal patchy LGE. Symptoms, morphologic/functional variables, ECG voltages, and cardiac biomarker levels were worst in patients with global diffuse LGE, followed by suboptimally nulled myocardium, focal patchy LGE, and absent LGE groups (Table 1 ). Conclusions: The presence of LGE in amyloidosis patients is associated with worse clinical, morphologic, functional, and biochemical parameters. Amongst patients with abnormal LGE, global diffuse (transmural or subendocardial) LGE is associated with the worst profile. This provides initial evidence that the presence and pattern of LGE in CA is associated with other markers of prognosis.
Association between Polymorphic Variation at the IL5RA Locus and the Severity of FIP1L1-PDGFRA Positive Chronic Eosinophilic Leukaemia
Authors: Sonja Burgstaller, Sebastian Kreil, Katherine Waghorn, Georgia Metzgeroth, Claude Preudhomme, Katerina Zoi, Helen White, Daniela Cilloni, Christine Zoi, Finella Brito-Babapulle, Christoph Walz, Andreas Reiter, Nicholas C.P. Cross
Journal: Blood (2007)
Abstract 14517: Impact of Coronary Artery Calcium on Coronary Heart Disease Events In Individuals at the Extremes of Traditional Risk Factor Burden: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Michael G Silverman, Michael J Blaha, Matthew J Budoff, Ron Blankstein, Christopher T Sibley, Roger S Blumenthal, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The prognostic value of coronary artery calcium (CAC) in individuals at the extremes of risk factor (RF) burden remains uncertain. We sought to examine the interplay between burden of R...
Risk to human populations is remote
Authors: S. Neilson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

complacent.As doctors or scientists we are asked to give opinions about a range of issues, not all of which lie within our area of expertise.We will probably also be asked about issues that are at the boundaries of medical and scientific knowledge and about which considerable uncertainty exists.It is incumbent on us to be aware of all the arguments and to be able to communicate the levels of uncertainty associated with them in an understandable fashion.We need to work with the media so that we remain in control of the debates, and, above all, we must preserve our professional credibility at a time when those around us are losing theirs.
Clinical characteristics and mortality patterns of MDRTB patients in India
Authors: C. Sudheendra Ghosh, L. Jeyaseelan, B. Ronald Win, R. Kamala, K.R. Renu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: This study gathered information on genesis of MDR TB at 3 centers in India which helps understand the current clinical practice and management of MDR TB and helps to standardize diagnostic and therapeutic strategies relevant for resource poor setting.

Primary objective: To describe the clinical profile, of patients with MDR TB and suspect MDR TB patients in India and their out come.

Study design: Descriptive follow up study.

Study setting and population: Private and public health sector: Patients attending primary, secondary and tertiary health care centers in selected study areas in India.

Study period: 1st June 2007 to 30th May 2009.

Study Variables Clinical Outcome Measures: Cure - Patients treated for 18 - 24 months and who remain smear and culture negative; Likely cures - patients treated for at least 12 months, and who remain smear and culture negative; Absconders/Defaulters and Death.

Results: 344 cases,either suspect or confirmed cases of MDR-TB from 3 different states in India were recruited. 71 cases were culture +ve for MDR TB. 15.77%patients died. 59.54% of the patients had far or moderately advanced chest X-ray lesions. The BMI of patients who died was less than 20 (87%). 27.4% of the patients who died had diabetes.75% were males. Smoking index was moderate to heavy for 25%.More than 50% of the patients were aged between 30 - 50. 58% of patients had previous treatment with 4 drugs and 10% had received second line drugs. 67% of the patients utilized government facility for their treatment. With proper treatment success was > 60%.

Conclusion: MDRTB if not treated can lead to early death among patients with low BMI, Diabetes Mellitus and far advanced chest X ray lesions.
AMG 706 induces the rapid destruction of tumor microvessels in nude mice
Authors: Stephen Kaufman, Charlie Starnes, Angela Coxon, Vinod Patel, Andrew Tasker, Tony Polverino, Rick Kendall, Robert Radinsky, Russell Cattley
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

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Background: AMG 706 is a potent, oral, multi-kinase inhibitor that selectively targets VEGF, PDGF, and Kit receptors. Treatment with AMG 706 has been shown to cause regression of established disease in A431 xenografts. The present studies were designed to address the mechanism of action of this molecule. Methods: Female CD1 nu/nu mice were challenged subcutaneously with 1x107 tumor cells. Treatment with AMG 706 (75 mg/kg, po, bid) or vehicle (n = 10) was initiated after the tumors became established. At various time points thereafter, animals were sacrificed and tumors were collected and evaluated for blood vessel area (CD31), endothelial cell apoptosis (CD31 and TUNEL), viable tumor area (hematoxylin) and tumor cell apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3). Results: Treatment with AMG 706 resulted in a significant increase in % endothelial cell apoptosis and decrease in % blood vessel area starting at 12 hours after initiation of treatment ( p = 0.0257 and 0.0005, respectively). Subsequently, a significant increase in tumor cell apoptosis was observed at 48 hrs ( p = 0.009), followed by a significant decline in % viable tumor area at 72 hours ( p = 0.0002). These effects occurred immediately prior to the statistically significant regression of disease at 96 hrs ( p = 0.0327). Conclusions: The effect of AMG 706 upon tumor blood vessels was found to temporally precede the destruction of tumor in the A431 xenograft model. The temporal sequence associated with these observations support the concept that tumor blood vessels are the primary target of AMG 706 and illustrate a mechanism of action consistent with the inhibition of VEGF receptors.
Abstract 6128: Cardiac Sympathetic Denervation in Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy/Dysplasia and Risk of Recurrent Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Matthias Paul, Peter Kies, Eric Schulze-Bahr, Kambiz Rahbar, Otmar Schober, Guenter Breithardt, Thomas Wichter, Michael Schaefers
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Patients (pts) with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) typically present with ventricular tachyarrhythmias often provokable by stress or catecholamines thereby indicating an involvement of the cardiac adrenergic system in the arrhythmogenesis. Previous studies demonstrated abnormalities of the presynaptic uptake-1 assessed by 123I-MIBG scintigraphy (MIBG-SPECT). In this study, we investigated the potential role of adrenergic dysfunction on the arrhythmia profile in pts with ARVC/D. Methods: In 42 pts with ARVC/D (mean age 43±14 years), MIBG-SPECT was performed. Results were compared to those obtained from 10 control subjects (n=10; mean age 43±12 years) without identifiable structural heart disease. MIBG images were acquired four hours post injection and analysed for regional 123I-MIBG uptake in a standardized 33-segment bull’s eye scheme. Results: Overall, an abnormal tracer uptake was detected in 25 pts with ARVC/D (59%). The extent of right ventricular dilatation and regional wall motion abnormalities as well as electrocardiographic markers of re-/depolarisation (e.g. T-wave inversion, epsilon-potential, maximal QRS-duration in right precordial leads) were not significantly different between pts with a normal and an abnormal MIBG-SPECT. However, during long-term follow-up of 9.2±3.4 years, pts with abnormal MIBG-SPECT experienced life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias more often than those with a normal sympathetic innervation (21 of 25 pts (84%) vs. 7 of 17 pts (41%); P &lt;0.01). Conclusions: An impairment of adrenergic innervation appears to account for a higher risk for VT recurrences in pts with ARVC/D. These results suggest a future role of MIBG-SPECT for individualized risk stratification in pts with ARVC/D.
Abstract 17802: The Role of Cerebral Oxygenation as a Real Time Monitoring Tool in Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Akram W Ibrahim, Antoine R Trammell, Neal Dickert, Roger Phillips, Kenya Barbour, Deborah Combs, Dorothy House, Emeka Onuorah, Emir Veledar, Chandila Tutt, Sam Parnia, A. Maziar Zafari
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Abstract 4863: Emergency Cardiac Catheterization for “False-Positive” ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Tonga Nfor, Hani Hashim, Louie Kostopoulos, Anjan Gupta, Tanvir Bajwa, Suhail Allaqaband
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction : In a push to treat STEMI patients with primary PCI within 90 minutes of door-to-balloon time, medical institutions have developed emergency cardiac catheterization laboratory activation protocols that bypass other routine clinical assessments. This has raised concerns about more frequent catheterizations in patients who may not need them. Our study objective was to determine the incidence, predictors and prognosis of false-positive STEMI. Methods : We studied a prospective cohort of patients diagnosed with STEMI who received emergency cardiac catheterization with intention of primary PCI between January 2005 and December 2007 at a tertiary care center serving more than 20 community hospitals. False-positive STEMI was defined as absence of a clear culprit lesion on coronary angiography. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of false-positive STEMI. Results : Of 489 patients who received emergency cardiac catheterization indicated for STEMI, 54 (11.0%, 95% CI 8.3%–13.8%) had no culprit lesion on coronary angiography. Independent predictors of false-positive STEMI identified on multivariate analysis are shown in the table . Among patients with false-positive STEMI, 22.2% had a serious cardiac diagnosis by catheterization. One-year incidence of acute myocardial infarction or PCI was 7.5% in patients with a culprit lesion vs. 1.9% in patients with no culprit lesion (p=0.08). One-year mortality was 6.5% among patients with a culprit lesion vs. 3.7% without (p=0.22). Conclusion : False-positive STEMI is common among patients undergoing emergency cardiac catheterization. A better understanding of the identifiers for false-positive STEMI may help physicians quickly reassess the utility of emergency cardiac catheterization when the diagnosis of STEMI is in doubt. Independent Predictors of False-Positive ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction From Multivariate Analysis
STAT3 decoy disrupts STAT1 signaling without mitigating antitumor efficacy
Authors: Vivian Wy Lui, Amanda Boehm, Sichuan Xi, Priya Koppikar, Rebecca Leeman, Michelen Ogagan, Erin Childs, Maria Freilino, Jennifer R. Grandis
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

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We previously developed a transcription factor decoy targeting STAT3 decoy and reported antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo squmaous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) models. The existence of STAT1-STAT3 dimers and the high sequence homology between STAT1 and STAT3 protein (72 % overall and 77% at the DNA binding domain) prompted us to investigate the effects of the STAT3 decoy on STAT1 signaling. Two SCCHN cell lines, PCI-15B and UM-22B, with different STAT1 expression levels (but similar STAT3 levels) were used. Both PCI-15B and UM-22B cells were sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of the STAT3 decoy in comparison to a control decoy. STAT1 signaling was intact in these cells as demonstrated by interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) (200 U/ml) induction of STAT1 phosphorylation (Tyr701) and interferon-regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) expression. Both STAT1 and STAT3 were found to bind to the STAT3 decoy to a similar extent in a gel shift assay (EMSA). Interestingly, the STAT3 decoy, but not the control decoy, induced formation of STAT1-STAT3 dimers (without altering phospho-STAT1 levels) in the presence of IFN-γ. The effects of the STAT3 decoy on STAT1 signaling showed inhibition of IRF-1 protein expression in both cell lines, indicating specific inhibition of STAT1 signaling by the STAT3 decoy. As STAT1 is known as a potential tumor suppressor, we investigated if STAT1 levels or active signaling abrogated the therapeutic efficacy of the STAT3 decoy in vitro . In both PCI-15B and UM-22B cells, STAT1 siRNA treatment resulted in decreased STAT1 expression, without altering the antitumor activity of the STAT3 decoy. Similarly, the antitumor efficacy of the STAT3 decoy was not changed with STAT1 activation via IFN-γ induction (at both 50U/ml and 200 U/ml doses). These results suggest that the STAT3 decoy can specifically induce STAT1-STAT3 dimerization where the therapeutic efficacy of the STAT3 decoy is independent of STAT1 activation.
Abstract 4206: Microvascular Dysfunction and Left Ventricular Chamber Stiffness after Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Critically Determine Left Ventricular Remodeling in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Atsushi Yamamuro, Takashi Akasaka, Shuichiro Kaji, Koichi Tamita, Minako Katayama, Makoto Kinoshita, Natsuhiko Ehara, Atsushi Kobori, Takeshi Kitai, Takafumi Yamane, Yoshimori An, Kite Kim, Syunsuke Funakoshi, Noriyuki Kimura, Tomoko Tani, Kazuaki Tanabe, Shigefumi Morioka, Yutaka Furukawa
Journal: Circulation (2008)

In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the short deceleration time of left ventricular (LV) early filling by Doppler is a powerful independent predictor of LV remodeling. On the other hand, recent studies have shown that microvascular dysfunction in recanalized infarct-related coronary arteries may predict progressive LV dilation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of both microvascular dysfunction and LV chamber stiffness on LV remodeling after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in AMI patients. Two hundred and one consecutive patients with first anterior AMI were studied following successful PCI. Microvascular injury was evaluated on the basis of coronary flow velocity patterns immediately after successful PCI using Doppler guidewires. We defined the presence of microvascular dysfunction as diastolic deceleration time ≤600 ms and the presence of systolic flow reversal. LV filling patterns were determined by mitral inflow pulsed-wave Doppler examination on day 3 after AMI. Deceleration time ≤130 ms was defined as restrictive. We classified the patients into three categories: without restrictive and microvascular dysfunction (group 1, n=116), with restrictive or microvascular dysfunction (group 2, n= 38), and with restrictive and microvascular dysfunction (group 3, n=47). Left ventriculograms were obtained immediately and 6 months after PCI. LV remodeling was defined as an increase in end-diastolic volume index ≥20%. Group 3 was at the highest risk of LV remodeling, while group 1 was at the lowest (Table ). Assessment of both microvascular dysfunction and LV chamber stiffness enable accurate prediction of LV remodeling in AMI patients after successful PCI. LV remodeling in each group
Antiherpesvirus Activity in Human Sera and Urines after Administration of Adenine Arabinoside
Authors: Keith J. Champney, Carl B. Lauter, Elizabeth J. Bailey, A. Martin Lerner
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of adenine arabinoside (ara-A) in rabbit kidney microtiter tissue cultures (RK-13) to a prototype strain of herpes simplex virus, type 1 (E115) based upon inhibition of cytopathic effects is 1.5 μg/ml. In this system, the MIC of arabinosylhypoxanthine (ara-Hx), the major in vivo metabolic derivative of ara-A, is 75 μg/ml. Inhibition of cytopathic effects of herpes simplex virus, type 1 (HSV-1) in microtiter wells of RK-13 cells varies directly with the concentrations of ara-A or ara-Hx, and inversely with residual HSV-1. The MIC of ara-A for HSV-1 in RK-13 cells is 5-20 times lower than similar measures with vero renal, mouse embryo, or human foreskin cultures. With RK-13 tissue cultures in microtiter plates, an assay for “ara-A equivalents” in human body fluids was developed which compares in sensitivity with high pressure liquid chromatography and has the advantage of simultaneously measuring combined antiherpesvirus effects of ara-A and its major metabolic derivative, ara-Hx.
Pneumoperitoneum due to a necrotic cavity wall perforation seen at endoscopic necrosectomy
Authors: Surinder Rana, Deepak Gunjan, Deepak Bhasin
Journal: Endoscopy (2015)

A 55-year old man with a large infected walled-off area of pancreatic necrosis (WON) was referred to us for endoscopic drainage. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed a significant amount of solid debris. Under EUS guidance, the WON was punctured ([Fig. 1]) and, after tract dilation, two 10-Fr double-pigtail stents and a nasocystic catheter were placed to drain the cavity. The patient's pain improved but his fever persisted. A week later, the nasocystic catheter was removed and the stents were exchanged for three 10-Fr stents. Despite three sessions of stent exchange, his fever persisted and a computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a persistent collection with air pockets that had formed because of the drainage of liquid debris ([Fig. 2]).
Abstract 2845: Anger, Depression And Anxiety Are Associated With Endothelial Function In Childhood
Authors: Walter Osika, Scott M Montgomery, Frida Dangardt, Peter Währborg, Reinhard Volkmann, Li Ming Gan, Eva Tideman, Peter Friberg
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction Psychological factors are associated with raised risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adults. However it is not known whether this association is present already in children. Hypothesis We wanted to test if reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) - a measure of endothelial function predictive of CVD in adults - is associated with self-assessed psychological health in school children. Methods 248 children (age 14.5±1.0, 136 girls, 112 boys) underwent RH-PAT testing. They completed the Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social Impairment scales (BYI), used to screen for depression, anxiety, anger, disruptive behaviour, and self-perception in children. Results No sex difference was observed for the RH-PAT score (1.82±0.55, n=248). Girls had statistically significant higher BYI scores for depression, anger and anxiety than boys. Among girls there were statistically significant associations between lower RH-PAT scores and higher scores for anger (B coefficient = -0.100, p=0.040), depression (-0.108, p=0.009), and anxiety (-0.138, p=0.039), after adjustment for age. Among boys, disruptive behaviour was associated with higher RH-PAT scores (B coefficient 0.020, p=0.006). Boys had higher systolic blood pressure (110±9 vs. 108±8 mmHg, p=0.01) and lower diastolic blood pressure (57±6 vs. 60±5 mmHg, p&lt;0.000) than girls. No sex differences were seen in BMI-z scores (0.48±1.1). Conclusions Girls have higher levels of self assessed anger, depression and anxiety compared with boys, and these characteristics are associated with lower RH-PAT scores, indicating attenuated endothelial function. Among boys, disruptive behaviour was associated with better endothelial function. Psychological adversity in childhood might be a risk factor for subsequent cardiovascular disease.
Abstract B114: c-Rel is a critical mediator of NF-κB dependent TRAIL resistance of pancreatic cancer cells
Authors: Claudia Geismann, Frauke Grohmann, Robert Häsler, Philip Rosenstiel, Günter Schneider, Sebastian Zeissig, Stefan Schreiber, Heiner Schäfer, Alexander Arlt
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract NF-κB has been shown to be critical for resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) against chemotherapeutic drug and death receptor induced apoptosis, but little is known about the role of the c-Rel subunit. In the present study, by analysis of genome-wide patterns of c-Rel dependent gene expression we were able to establish c-Rel as a critical regulator of TRAIL induced apoptosis in PDAC. Transfection with siRNA against c-Rel sensitized the TRAIL resistant PDAC cells and EMSA revealed that c-Rel is part of the TRAIL inducible NF-κB complex. Array analysis identified NFATc2 as a critical downstream target of c-Rel in PDAC. In line, siRNA targeting c-Rel strongly reduced TRAIL induced NFATc2 activity and siRNA targeting NFATc2 sensitized PDAC cells against TRAIL induced apoptosis. Finally, TRAIL induced expression of COX-2 was diminished through siRNA targeting c-Rel or NFATc2 and pharmacological inhibition of COX-2 with celecoxib enhanced TRAIL apoptosis. In conclusion, we were able to delineate a novel c-Rel, NFATc2 and COX-2 dependent anti-apoptotic signalling pathway in PDAC with broad clinical implications for pharmaceutical intervention strategies. Citation Format: Claudia Geismann, Frauke Grohmann, Robert Häsler, Philip Rosenstiel, Günter Schneider, Sebastian Zeissig, Stefan Schreiber, Heiner Schäfer, Alexander Arlt. c-Rel is a critical mediator of NF-κB dependent TRAIL resistance of pancreatic cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B114.
Abstract 2487: Is CRP Related to Cardiovascular Death at Midterm Follow-up in Patients With Non Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Single-center Cohort Study?
Authors: Ederhy Stephane, Sylvie Lang, Louise Boyer Chatenet, Ghislaine Dufaitre, Catherine Meuleman, Fanny Douna, Nadia Aissaoui, Nabila Haddour, Emmanuelle Berthelot, Joelle Masliah, Franck Boccara, Ariel Cohen
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with an increased risk of death and stroke compared to patients in sinus rhythm. The influence of an inflammatory state, as characterized by CRP le...