tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Natural Course of Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: JOHN G. DEMAKIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Fifty-seven patients with cardiomyopathy associated with alcoholism were followed for an average of 40.5 months (range, 4 months to 8 years). None of the patients were treated with prolonged bed rest. During the follow-up period, the clinical status improved in 15 patients (group A), was stable in 12 patients (group B), and had deteriorated in 30 patients (group C). Seventy-three percent of the group A patients abstained from alcohol, whereas in groups B and C only 25% and 13% of patients, respectively, abstained. These differences were significant—P < 0.03 (group A versus B) and P < 0.001 (group A versus C). The average duration of symptoms in the group A patients was 4.2 months and was significantly (P < 0.05) shorter than that of patients in groups B and C (17 and 11.1 months, respectively). Only 10 patients (17%), all in group A, had a return of heart size to normal. Twenty-four patients (42%), all in group C, died in an average time of 36 months; thus, a short duration of symptoms before initiation of therapy and abstention from alcohol were associated with a more favorable course.
BMJ should notify doctors whose practice is criticised in interactive case reports
Authors: John Hunt, Maxwell Asante, Shamsi El Hasani
Journal: BMJ (2005)

EDITOR—The BMJ recently published an interactive case report from a general practitioner about a patient with itching and gall stones.1 2 Readers were invited to comment on the case using the rapid response feature on bmj.com, and three weeks later the outcome and summary of the responses were published.3

From the responses posted from three continents the interactive case report was educational and can be judged to have been …
As More Surgeons Opt for Autologous Transfusion Route, What's Ahead?
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1989)

NO TRANSFUSED BLOOD is as safe for a surgery patient as his or her own. And given that it's sometimes impossible to operate with no transfused blood, an increasing number of surgeons are choosing to go the autologous route. A report at the annual meeting in Atlanta, Ga, of the American College of Surgeons drew one map of the possible terrain ahead. Steven A. Gould, MD, associate professor of surgery at Michael Reese Hospital and Medical Center, Chicago, Ill, related its Department of Surgery's experience with the autologous blood program set up in December 1987. Gould credits the success of the comprehensive program in large part to the efforts of its special coordinator, Mary Stankos, RN. Other participants include Arthur L. Rosen, PhD; Lakshman R. Sehgal, PhD; Hansa L. Sehgal, MT; Phillip J. DeChristopher, MD; Armando R. Orlina, MD; and Gerald S. Moss, MD. This Michael Reese program involved 161
Alcohol consumption as a risk factor for poor outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage.
Authors: S. Juvela
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To evaluate the effect of factors existing before aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage on outcome of haemorrhage. DESIGN--Prospective follow up study. SETTING--Helsinki University Hospital. PATIENTS--291 consecutive patients (149 men) aged 15 to 65 years admitted within 96 hours after the bleeding. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Potential risk factors (baseline characteristics, health habits, and clinical variables) for poor outcome after haemorrhage (dependent state in the activities of daily living, or death) were studied using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS--One year after haemorrhage, 179 (62%) patients were independent in the activities of daily living and 28 (10%) dependent; 84 (29%) had died. Risk of poor outcome was predicted, after adjustment for sex and age, by clinical condition at admission according to the Glasgow coma scale (p less than 0.0001); occurrence of rebleeding (relative risk 7.1, 95% confidence interval 2.8 to 18.0, p less than 0.0001) or delayed cerebral ischaemia (10.3, 4.2 to 25.4, p less than 0.0001); surgery on an aneurysm (0.13, 0.05 to 0.35, p less than 0.0001); and heavy consumption of alcohol (4.5, 1.8 to 11.0, p = 0.0014). Heavy drinking remained a significant risk factor after additional adjustment for hypertension, body mass index, and presence of intracerebral haematoma. Heavy drinkers had a more unfavourable outcome after rebleeding and delayed ischaemia than did others with rebleeding or ischaemia. Those who had salicylates in urine on admission had delayed ischaemia with fixed neurological deficits less commonly than others. CONCLUSIONS--Heavy drinking impairs outcome mainly through severe rebleeding and delayed ischaemia and to a lesser extent through a poor initial condition and presence of intracerebral haematoma.
Preparing for the Practice of Internal Medicine
Authors: D. ANN VAUGHAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 May 1985Preparing for the Practice of Internal MedicineD. ANN VAUGHAN, M.D.D. ANN VAUGHAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-102-5-724_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: The article by Kosecoff and colleagues (1) and the editorial by Huth (2) point out the deficiencies of some university hospitals in the primary care training of internists in the outpatient setting. These problems include lack of continuity of patient care, little time spent by housestaff and faculty in their clinic practice, lack of dedication to teaching and supervision of residents, and substandard quality of patient care. I would add the additional deficiencies of insufficient exposure of internal medicine residents to the care of less severely ill, more productive, more medically knowledgeable patients and insufficient exposure to...References1. KOSECOFFFINKBROOK JAR. General medical care and the education of internists in university hospitals. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:250-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. HUTH E. The academic future of general internal medicine [Editorial]. Ann Intern Med. 1985;102:261-3. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1985Volume 102, Issue 5Page: 724-725KeywordsHealth care qualityHospital medicineOutpatient clinicsPatients Issue Published: 1 May 1985 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Coronary Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Burden and Deoxyribonuclease Activity in ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Are Predictors of ST-Segment Resolution and Infarct Size
Authors: Andreas Mangold, Sherin Alias, Thomas Scherz, Thomas M. Hofbauer, Johannes Jakowitsch, Adelheid Panzenböck, Daniel Simon, Daniela Laimer, Christine Bangert, Andreas Kammerlander, Julia Mascherbauer, Max-Paul Winter, Klaus Distelmaier, Christopher Adlbrecht, Klaus T. Preissner, Irene M. Lang
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Rationale: Mechanisms of coronary occlusion in ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome are poorly understood. We have previously reported that neutrophil (polymorphonuclear cells [PMNs]) accumulation in culprit lesion site (CLS) thrombus is a predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. Objective: The goal of this study was to characterize PMN activation at the CLS. We examined the relationships between CLS neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), bacterial components as triggers of NETosis, activity of endogenous deoxyribonuclease, ST-segment resolution, and infarct size. Methods and Results: We analyzed coronary thrombectomies from 111 patients with ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. Thrombi were characterized by immunostaining, flow cytometry, bacterial profiling, and immunometric and enzymatic assays. Compared with femoral PMNs, CLS PMNs were highly activated and formed aggregates with platelets. Nucleosomes, double-stranded DNA, neutrophil elastase, myeloperoxidase, and myeloid-related protein 8/14 were increased in CLS plasma, and NETs contributed to the scaffolds of particulate coronary thrombi. Copy numbers of Streptococcus species correlated positively with dsDNA. Thrombus NET burden correlated positively with infarct size and negatively with ST-segment resolution, whereas CLS deoxyribonuclease activity correlated negatively with infarct size and positively with ST-segment resolution. Recombinant deoxyribonuclease accelerated the lysis of coronary thrombi ex vivo. Conclusions: PMNs are highly activated in ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome and undergo NETosis at the CLS. Coronary NET burden and deoxyribonuclease activity are predictors of ST-segment resolution and myocardial infarct size.
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin–mediated epicutaneous inflammation promotes acute diarrhea and anaphylaxis
Authors: Hongwei Han, Tennille D. Thelen, Michael R. Comeau, Steven F. Ziegler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2014)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) and food allergy are closely linked; however, the mechanisms that guide the progression of AD to allergic inflammatory responses at other mucosal surfaces, including the gastrointestinal tract, are not well understood. Here, we determined that exposure of mice that have been epicutaneously sensitized with thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and antigen to repeated oral doses of the same antigen induced acute diarrhea and anaphylaxis. In this model, loss of TSLP signaling specifically in DCs led to loss of induced allergic diarrhea through lack of sensitization. While TSLP responses were not required during oral allergen challenge, CD4(+) T cells were required and transferred disease when introduced into naive hosts. In addition, oral exposure to the antigen prior to skin sensitization blocked development of allergic disease. Finally, mice lacking the receptor for IL-25 failed to develop acute diarrhea and anaphylaxis, highlighting a role for IL-25 in the initiation of type 2 immunity in the intestine. These results demonstrate a role for TSLP and IL-25 in the atopic march from skin sensitization to food allergic responses and provide a model system for the generation of potential therapeutic interventions.
Adenomatosis of the Islets of Langerhans
Authors: E. R. Bickerstaff, O. G. Dodge, A. Gourevitch, G. W. Hearn
Journal: BMJ (1955)

<h3>Objectives</h3> To obtain national estimates of annual cumulative incidence of severe non-fatal injuries using compensation benefits data from the Brazilian National Social Security Institute (INSS), and to describe their socio-demographic distribution among workers under age 25. <h3>Methods</h3> Data are records of health-related compensation benefits from the Ministry of Social Security9s Information System of Compensation Benefits (SUB), of the National Institute of Social Security (INSS), recorded in 2006. The only injuries (International classification of diseases, 10<sup>th</sup> revision, Chapter XIX) considered were those certified by an INSS occupational physician s work-related for adolescents and young adults between 16 and 24 years of age. <h3>Results</h3> A total of 79 899 workers 16–24 years old received a compensation benefit for injuries in the study year, and 19 439 (24.33%) were work-related, 16 878 (86.8%) for males and 2,561 for females (13.2%). The annual cumulative incidence rate of work-related injuries (ACSWI) was 3.9×1000 workers, higher among males (4.6×1000) compared to females (1.3×1000). ACSWI was higher in the younger age group (16–19 years), and there was an income gradient with disproportionately elevated risk in the lowest wage quintiles, especially for females in the younger group. Logging, extraction, food/beverage and construction industries have higher work-related risk for adolescents and young adult workers of both sex groups. <h3>Conclusions</h3> These findings suggest that the Brazilian labour laws limiting young adult workers in hazardous settings need to be expanded, adding occupations, extractive industries and certain types of work in the food/beverage manufacturing industries for these workers.
Use of B‐type natriuretic peptide in the management of hypoxaemic respiratory failure
Authors: Markus Noveanu, Hans Pargger, Tobias Breidthardt, Tobias Reichlin, Christian Schindler, Antje Heise, Ronald Schoenenberger, Patricia Manndorff, Martin Siegemund, Alexandre Mebazaa, Stephan Marsch, Christian Mueller
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Sialic acid and glycopeptides conjugated PLGA nanoparticles for central nervous system targeting: In vivo pharmacological evidence and biodistribution
Authors: G. Tosi, A.V. Vergoni, B. Ruozi, L. Bondioli, L. Badiali, F. Rivasi, L. Costantino, F. Forni, M.A. Vandelli
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Endocrine and Genetic Diseases of Childhood
Authors: Maria I. New
Journal: JAMA (1969)

There are relatively few books which review the subject of hormone and genetic disorders of childhood. This volume complements previous publications and has the outstanding attribute of being upto-date in a rapidly changing field. Dr. Gardner is faithful  the purpose set forth in the preface, to make available... in a single volume a source of information on the pathophysiology, diagnosis and therapy of principal endocrine and genetic diseases in the pediatric age group.  The integration of material on endocrine, genetic, and metabolic diseases is sensible and useful. As Gardner points out, the organizers that direct fetal organogenesis, the chemical messengers (hormones) of endocrine disease, and the messenger RNA of genetic disease can all be fitted comfortably between the covers of one book because of the unitarian trend of scientific thought in these areas.  Particularly interesting and erudite chapters were contributed by James Tanner (Growth and Endocrinology of the Adolescent),
The novel compound NO-1886 increases lipoprotein lipase activity with resulting elevation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and long-term administration inhibits atherogenesis in the coronary arteries of rats with experimental atherosclerosis.
Authors: K Tsutsumi, Y Inoue, A Shima, K Iwasaki, M Kawamura, T Murase
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1993)

We have discovered a novel compound, NO-1886, which possesses a powerful lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity-increasing action. Administration of NO-1886 increased LPL activity in the postheparin plasma, adipose tissue, and myocardium of rats, and produced a reduction in plasma triglyceride levels with concomitant elevation of HDL cholesterol levels. Administration of NO-1886 increased LPL enzyme mass in postheparin plasma and mRNA activity in epididymal adipose tissue, and it was concluded that the mode of action of this compound is stimulation of tissue LPL synthesis. We also conducted long-term studies to assess the impact of increases in LPL activity and HDL levels on the development of atherosclerotic lesions in rats. Administration of NO-1886 for as long as 90 d significantly decreased the degree of atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries of vitamin D2-treated, cholesterol-fed rats. Statistical analysis indicated that increased concentration of HDL is the factor contributing mostly to the prevention of coronary artery sclerosis. In summary, the results of our study indicate that compound NO-1886 increases LPL activity, causing an elevation in HDL levels, and that long-term administration of NO-1886 to rats with experimental atherosclerosis provides significant protection against the development of coronary artery lesions.
Private finance and "value for money" in NHS hospitals: a policy in search of a rationale?
Authors: A. M Pollock
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Allyson Pollock and her colleagues have long argued that using the private finance initiative to build NHS hospitals is an expensive way of building new capacity that constrains services and limits future options. Here they provide evidence that the justification for using private finance—that it offers value for money through lowering costs over the life of the project and by removing risk from NHS trusts—is a sleight of hand

Since 1992 the British government has favoured paying for capital works in the public service through the private finance initiative (PFI)—that is, through loans raised by the private sector. For hospitals this means that a private sector consortium designs, builds, finances, and operates the hospital. In return the NHS trust pays an annual fee to cover both the capital cost, including the cost of borrowing, and maintenance of the hospital and any non-clinical services provided over the 25-35 year life of the contract. The policy has been controversial because of its high cost and impact on clinical budgets.1 2 3 4 5 6

When first introduced in 1992 proponents claimed that PFI would lead to more investment without increasing the public sector borrowing requirement. However, the UK budget surpluses of recent years (£23bn for 2000-1 alone) have been much greater than the total of £14bn private investment deals signed in 1997-2001. The present generation of taxpayers could have funded considerably more capital investment out of existing revenue instead of displacing the cost on to future generations. 7 8

Furthermore, there is no evidence that PFI has increased overall levels of service. On the contrary, its use in the NHS has had two main effects. Firstly, it has displaced the burden of debt from central government to NHS trusts and with it the responsibility for managing spending controls and planning services, …
Quantifying Lymphocytes in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Authors: Ware G. Kuschner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Letters15 November 1993Quantifying Lymphocytes in Bronchoalveolar Lavage FluidWare G. Kuschner, MD and James K. Brown, MDWare G. Kuschner, MDSearch for more papers by this author and James K. Brown, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-10-199311150-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In their recent article, Roberts and colleagues [1] reported cell counts and differentials in specimens obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage before and after radiotherapy in 17 women with breast cancer. The authors observed increases in the total number and percentage of lymphocytes after irradiation, especially in those who developed clinical pneumonitis. They concluded that a generalized lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivity reaction may play a role in the development of radiation pneumonitis.The authors did not, however, provide an explanation for the striking elevation in the mean percentage of lymphocytes in bronchoalveolar lavage specimens obtained before irradiation. In normal bronchoalveolar lavage ...References1. Roberts CM, Foulcher E, Zaunders JJ, Bryant DH, Freund J, Cairns D, et al. Radiation pneumonits: a possible lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118:696-700. Google Scholar2. Saltini C, Hance AJ, Ferrans VJ, Basset F, Bitterman PB, Crystal RG. Accurate quantification of cells recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1984; 130:650-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAltered Glucose Metabolism in HIV-infected Patients Treated With HAART 15 November 1993Volume 119, Issue 10Page: 1050-1051KeywordsBreast cancerBronchoalveolar lavageHypersensitivityLymphocytesPneumonitisResearch laboratories Issue Published: 15 November 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
SUCCESSFUL RESECTION OF TWELVE FEET AND TWO INCHES OF THE ILIUMIN CASE OF CRIMINAL ABORTION.
Authors: AXEL WERELIUS
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In a careful search of the records of cases of bowel resection I find no successful resection of a greater length than in the following case: <h3>Patient.</h3> —A young woman, aged 20, seen May 20, 1906, in consultation with Dr. M. Meinhardt. <h3>History.</h3> —About six hours previously the patient had undergone an illegal operation, performed somewhere on the north side of the city. On awakening from the anesthetic she was informed that she would have to undergo another operation. She was then taken to the home of her affianced on the south side and Dr. Meinhardt called. He states that he found a large mass of intestines protruding from the vulva. <h3>Examination.</h3> —I found the patient in bed but, except for some pain in the lower abdomen and some nausea, she complained very little. She was in the dorsal position, with the knees flexed. Pulse 90, temperature 99 F., and
Ciguatera Fish Poisoning in the Virgin Islands
Authors: Harold A. Hanno
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The prominence afforded the problem of ciguatera by the publication of "Ciguatera Fish Poisoning in Miami" by Lawrence et al (1980;244:254) and by two editorials on the topic in the same issue is belated but heartening recognition by a major medical journal of a widespread disease that has attracted little general attention. Having practiced internal medicine in St Thomas for more than six years, I can attest to the magnitude of the problem in the US Virgin Islands. The Virgin Islanders are thoroughly familiar with the disease and rarely seek medical attention for it unless symptoms are severe. The probable annual incidence of at least five cases per 10,000 residents calculated for the Miami area is much lower than what was uncovered by the College of the Virgin Islands' Biomedical Research Unit, which I founded in 1977. An eight-month survey in 1978 of the records of the
Synergistic role of sprouty2 inactivation and c-Met up-regulation in mouse and human hepatocarcinogenesis
Authors: Susie A. Lee, Sara Ladu, Matthias Evert, Frank Dombrowski, Valentina De Murtas, Xin Chen, Diego F. Calvisi
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Sprouty2 (Spry2), a negative feedback regulator of the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, is frequently down-regulated in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We tested the hypothesis that loss of Spry2 cooperates with unconstrained activation of the c-Met protooncogene to induce hepatocarcinogenesis via in vitro and in vivo approaches. We found coordinated down-regulation of Spry2 protein expression and activation of c-Met as well as its downstream effectors extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene homolog (AKT) in a subset of human HCC samples with poor outcome. Mechanistic studies revealed that Spry2 function is disrupted in human HCC via multiple mechanisms at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional level, including promoter hypermethylation, loss of heterozygosity, and proteosomal degradation by neural precursor cell expressed, developmentally down-regulated 4 (NEDD4). In HCC cell lines, Spry2 overexpression inhibits c-Met–induced cell proliferation as well as ERK and AKT activation, whereas loss of Spry2 potentiates c-Met signaling. Most importantly, we show that blocking Spry2 activity via a dominant negative form of Spry2 cooperates with c-Met to promote hepatocarcinogenesis in the mouse liver by sustaining proliferation and angiogenesis. The tumors exhibited high levels of activated ERK and AKT, recapitulating the subgroup of human HCC with a clinically aggressive phenotype. Conclusion: The occurrence of frequent genetic, epigenetic, and biochemical events leading to Spry2 inactivation provides solid evidence that Spry2 functions as a tumor suppressor gene in liver cancer. Coordinated deregulation of Spry2 and c-Met signaling may be a pivotal oncogenic mechanism responsible for unrestrained activation of ERK and AKT pathways in human hepatocarcinogenesis. (HEPATOLOGY 2010)