tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Does 6 minute walk test predict nocturnal oxygen desaturation in COPD patients
Authors: Sinem Iliaz, Tulin Cagatay, Zuleyha Bingol, Gulfer Okumus, Goksen Kuran, Raim Iliaz, Aysen Dokme, Fatma Comce, Esen Kiyan, Zeki Kilicaslan, Turhan Ece, Penbe Cagatay
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

INTRODUCTION: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have nocturnal oxygen desaturation (NOD) should be treated with nocturnal oxygen therapy (NOT) for avoiding morbidity and mortality. Nocturnal oximetry is an expensive and time consuming test that used for evaluating NOD individuals.  AIM: To evaluate whether desaturation during 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is useful for predicting NOD in COPD.  METHODS: Stable moderate or severe COPD patients were enrolled in this study. Spirometry and carbon monoxide diffusion test (DLCO), arterial blood gas analysis, 6MWT and nocturnal oximetry were performed. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea, hypoxemic respiratory failure, and who were receiving noninvasive mechanical ventilation therapy were excluded.  RESULTS: Totally 61 patients (55 male, age: 65.8±8.4) were analysed. Thirty of them had moderate and the others (n=31) had severe COPD. Forced expiratory volume 1 second was 1352±348ml (51.2%±11.8%). Patients who were desaturated during 6MWT had significantly lower DLCO, PaO2, SaO2 and higher PaCO2 levels than the patients who did not desaturated (p  CONCLUSION: 6MWT can be recommended as a simple, cheap tool for predicting NOD and selecting individuals for NOT particularly in severe COPD.
Bullous degeneration of the left lower lobe in a heroin addict
Authors: FW Smeenk, J Serlie, EJ van der Jagt, PE Postmus
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

A 34 yr old heroin addict was referred because of chest pain caused by air-trapping in a bulla in the left lower lobe. There was a marked difference between the functional residual capacity measured by body-plethysmography and helium dilution. A slow wash-in and wash-out were demonstrated by ventilation scintigraphy with Xenon133. Bullous degeneration is a known complication of intravenous drug abuse. Usually these bullae are found in the upper lobes. Possible causative mechanisms are discussed.
Unilateral complete endoscopic lung volume reduction with intrabronchial valves (IBV) in severe emphysema - A retrospective analysis
Authors: Ralf Eberhardt, Suljo Samardzic, Daniela Gompelmann, Maren Schuhmann, Michael Puderbach, Claus P. Heussel, Felix J.F. Herth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background 

In severe emphysema intrabronchial valves (IBV) for endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) can improve patients symptoms, wellbeing and pulmonary function testing (PFT). Success of the intervention is thought to be correlated to the degree of volume reduction achieved through total lobar occlusion.

Objectives 

To establish if unilateral ELVR with IBV (Olympus, Japan) is effective and safe in daily routine.

Methods 

All patients who received unilateral complete closure of one lobe with IBV at the Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg in 2009/10 were included. Decision for ELVR was made without fissure analysis or endoscopic assessment of collateral ventilation. Patients were analyzed retrospectively. Regarding to the FDA criteria of response for PFT, 6-minute-walk-distance (6MWD) as well as in dyspnea score (mMRC) were analyzed. Secondary endpoint was safety.

Results 

Data of 40 of 51 patients were available and consistent for retrospective analysis. An clinically relevant improvement in FEV1 after 90 days was seen in 17 (43%), in residual volume (RV) in 15 (38%), in 6MWD in 25 (63%) as well as in mMRC in 19 patients (48%). Placement with IBV was safe. Mild hemoptysis was seen in 2 cases and 3 patients developed a postinterventional pneumothorax. No mortality was observed at day 90. 180-days data will be presented.

Conclusion 

Unilateral ELVR with IBV is effective and safe. Total occlusion of one lobe can improve pulmonary function as well as 6MWD and symptoms. The data should be confirmed in a prospective trial, but properly evaluation of collateral ventilation should be included for a better outcome.
Familial Aggregation of Sarcoidosis
Authors: BENJAMIN A. RYBICKI, MICHAEL C. IANNUZZI, MARGARET M. FREDERICK, BRUCE W. THOMPSON, MILTON D. ROSSMAN, EDDY A. BRESNITZ, MICHAEL L. TERRIN, DAVID R. MOLLER, JULIANA BARNARD, ROBERT P. BAUGHMAN, LOUIS DePALO, GARY HUNNINGHAKE, CAROL JOHNS, MARC A. JUDSON, GENELL L. KNATTERUD, GEOFFREY McLENNAN, LEE S. NEWMAN, DAVID L. RABIN, CECILE ROSE, ALVIN S. TEIRSTEIN, STEVEN E. WEINBERGER, HENRY YEAGER, REUBEN CHERNIACK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2001)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSDISCUSSIONAPPENDIX: A CASE–CONTROL ...ReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Interventional Therapies for Cancer Pain Management: Important Adjuvants to Systemic Analgesics
Authors: Anthony Eidelman, Traci White, Robert A. Swarm
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2007)

Optimized use of systemic analgesics fails to adequately control pain in some patients with cancer. Commonly used analgesics, including opioids, nonopioids (acetaminophen and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), and adjuvant analgesics (anticonvulsants and antidepressants), have limited analgesic efficacy, and their use is often associated with adverse effects. Without adequate pain control, patients with cancer not only experience the anguish of poorly controlled pain but also have greatly diminished quality of life and may even have reduced life expectancy. Interventional pain therapies are a diverse set of procedural techniques for controlling pain that may be useful when systemic analgesics fail to provide adequate control of cancer pain or when the adverse effects of systemic analgesics cannot be managed reasonably. Commonly used interventional therapies for cancer pain include neurolytic neural blockade, spinal administration of analgesics, and vertebroplasty. Compared with systemic analgesics, which generally have broad indications for control of pain, individual interventional therapies generally have specific, narrow indications. When appropriately selected and implemented, interventional pain therapies are important components of broad, multimodal cancer pain management that significantly increases the proportion of patients able to experience adequate pain control.
The role of lung function measurement in the diagnosing of pulmonary microangiopathy in diabetic patients
Authors: Krzysztof Kuziemski, Wojciech Slominski, Krzysztof Specjalski, Ewa Jassem
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction  Diabetes (DM) complications in respiratory system involve pulmonary parenchyma, bones and cartilages of chest and respiratory muscles. In the course of DM dysfunction of lung functions and diffusion through alveolar-capillary barrier are observed.  Aim of the study  To determine usefulness of pulmonary function tests (PFT): spirometry, body plethysmography and diffusion capacity (DLCO) in evaluation of pulmonary microangiopathy in patients with DM.  Material and methods  184 patients aged 17–76 were enrolled: 78 (42.3%) women and 106 (57.7%) men. All persons were non-smokers, free from any acute or chronic respiratory disease that could influence pulmonary function. They were divided into two subgroups: DM and control group (CG).  Results  Values of VC, FEV1, PEF, TLC, ITGV were significantly higher in CG compared to DM (p  Conclusions  Significant reduction of PFTs in DM may confirm dysfunction of alveolar-capillary barrier and indicate pulmonary microangiopathy. Additional factor leading to exacerbation of this dysfunction is high level of CRP and fibrinogen in DM.  Projekt sfinansowany ze srodkow NCN.
Critical power for upper limb in patients with COPD
Authors: Carla Malaguti, Eduardo Colucci, Talita Stuchi, Roberta Ramos, Luiz Nery, Simone Dal Corso
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: The determinants of the critical power (CP) for whole-body exercise (lower limbs) in patients with COPD have been previously identified. There are no data concerning to its determinants for upper limbs (UL) in this population. Objective: To characterize the determinants of the CP for UL in patients with COPD. Methods: Eight patients with COPD (FEV1: 45.1±1.2% of predicted) and seven healthy subjects were assessed. After an arm incremental test on cycle ergometer, three constant workload tests were performed (100-120%, 90% and 80% of peak workload). From these tests the CP was estimated and an additional test was performed (5-20% above the workload of the estimated CP). Then, CP was determined by the intercept of the linear regression between workload and reciprocal of time for the four tests and was confirmed in a new test. The inspiratory capacity (IC) was measured before and immediately after each test. Results: There was no significant difference in the CP workload between patients and controls (30.2±12.7 Watts - 59.8±11.4% of peak workload vs 42.2±16.7 Watts - 66.7±9.3% of peak workload, respectively). The oxygen uptake in CP was lower in the COPD group than controls (0.79±0.28 L/min vs 1.20±0.37 L/min, respectively, p<0.05). The patients presented dynamic hyperinflation and substantial reduction of ventilatory reserve for all tests, including the CP test. Despite the ventilatory limitation, all patients were able to sustain exercise at CP for 20 minutes. Conclusion: The present study shows that the ventilatory constraint is the most important determinant of the CP for UL exercise in COPD patients.
Prognostic factors associated with long-term survival for retroperitoneal sarcoma: implications for management.
Authors: M J Heslin, J J Lewis, E Nadler, E Newman, J M Woodruff, E S Casper, D Leung, M F Brennan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE Retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumors. Studies characterizing long-term follow-up and patterns of recurrence are limited. The purpose of this analysis is to identify patterns of recurrence and prognostic factors associated with long-term survival after resection of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas. METHODS Between July 1, 1982, and June 30, 1990, 198 adult patients were identified from our prospective soft tissue sarcoma database carrying the diagnosis of retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma who were eligible for &gt; or = 5 years of follow-up. Of these, 48 patients (25%) were documented to be alive &gt; or = 5 years from the time of operation. Statistical analysis was by log-rank or Wilcoxon test for univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was by the Cox model. RESULTS The recurrence rate during the follow-up period was approximately 5% per year from the time of initial operation. Of the patients who were disease-free for &gt; or = 5 years from initial surgery, 40% recurred by 10 years. Radiation therapy was the only factor significant (P = .02) for a reduction in the risk of local recurrence. Age &lt; or = 50 years and high-grade tumors were significant factors (P = .003 and .009, respectively) for an increased risk of distant metastasis. Incomplete gross resection was the only factor significant for an increased risk of tumor mortality (P = .003). CONCLUSION Complete surgical resection at the time of primary presentation is likely to afford the best chance for long-term survival. With long-term follow-up, it is clear that recurrence will continue to occur, and a 5-year disease-free interval is not a cure. Patients with an incomplete initial resection, age less than 50 years, and high-grade tumors are candidates for investigational adjuvant therapy.
Sentinel node biopsy in breast cancer: The first results of the randomized multicenter ALMANAC Trial
Authors: R. E. Mansel, A. Goyal, L. Fallowfield, R. G. Newcombe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

506 Background: Sentinel node biopsy is becoming the standard of care in some centres despite a lack of randomized evidence. Methods: The ALMANAC trial is a randomized, multicenter trial in the UK comparing SNB to conventional axillary treatment in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients. The 3 main outcome measures were: a) arm and axillary morbidity b) quality of life (QoL) using FACT +B4 and Spielberger State/Trait Anxiety Inventory and c) resource costs. The randomized phase was preceded by a validation phase. Surgeons achieving a set standard in the validation phase, a localization rate of ≥90% and a false negative rate of ≤5%, proceeded to the randomized phase. From November 1999 to October 2003, 1031 patients with clinically node-negative invasive breast cancer were randomized to undergo SNB(515) or standard axillary treatment(516). Sentinel node identification used a combined technique involving blue dye and radioisotope. All patients underwent pre-operative lymphoscintigraphy. Sentinel node positive patients proceeded to axillary clearance. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 18 months post-op. Results: In the SNB group, sentinel node localization was successful in 504 patients (97.9%). Axillary metastases were detected in 115 patients (22%) in the SNB group, and in 104(20%) patients in the standard axillary treatment group. In an intention-to-treat analysis, relative risks for sensory loss and lymphoedema at 3 months in the SNB group relative to the standard management group were 0.39 and 0.28. Hospital stay, axillary operative time and drain usage were significantly reduced in the SNB group (p<0.001). Time to return to normal activities was reduced in the SNB group (p=0.002). At baseline QoL scores did not differ between groups. At 3 months assessment, overall QoL and self-rated arm morbidity were significantly better in the SNB group (p<0.01). Furthermore, these benefits were not at the cost of raised anxiety in the SNB group. Conclusion: SNB is associated with less arm morbidity and better quality of life and is cost-effective compared to standard axillary treatment. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Reliability of diagnostic reporting for children aged 6-11 years: a test-retest study of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children- Revised
Authors: M Schwab-Stone, T Fallon, M Briggs, B Crowther
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

This study examined the reliability of symptom reporting by community children of elementary school age and their parents on a version of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Revised (DISC-R).A sample of 109 children aged 6-11 years from an ongoing epidemiologic study were recruited for retest DISC-R interviews after completion of the study protocol. Retest interviews took place 7-18 days after the first interview and were conducted by interviewers who had no prior information about the subjects. Test-retest reliability for five common childhood psychiatric diagnoses was evaluated with the kappa statistic; the intraclass correlation coefficient was used to evaluate test-retest reliability of symptom scales.The reliability of the parents' reports on the DISC-R was good to excellent for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and separation anxiety disorder; it was fair for overanxious disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and conduct disorder. The children reported many fewer symptoms than the parents except for separation anxiety disorder; reliability was fair for separation anxiety disorder and poor for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The children were particularly unreliable in reporting about time factors, such as duration and onset of symptoms. When symptoms were considered without duration and onset, children's reports reached fair reliability for separation anxiety disorder, overanxious disorder, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder but remained poor for oppositional defiant disorder.The results suggest that highly structured diagnostic interviews such as the DISC-R may not be appropriate for use with younger children of elementary school age in community-based studies.
Comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for depression in children and adolescents: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Xinyu Zhou, Sarah E. Hetrick, Pim Cuijpers, Bin Qin, Jürgen Barth, Craig J. Whittington, David Cohen, Cinzia Del Giovane, Yiyun Liu, Kurt D. Michael, Yuqing Zhang, John R. Weisz, Peng Xie
Journal: World Psychiatry (2015)

Previous meta-analyses of psychotherapies for child and adolescent depression were limited because of the small number of trials with direct comparisons between two treatments. A network meta-analysis, a novel approach that integrates direct and indirect evidence from randomized controlled studies, was undertaken to investigate the comparative efficacy and acceptability of psychotherapies for depression in children and adolescents. Systematic searches resulted in 52 studies (total N=3805) of nine psychotherapies and four control conditions. We assessed the efficacy at post-treatment and at follow-up, as well as the acceptability (all-cause discontinuation) of psychotherapies and control conditions. At post-treatment, only interpersonal therapy (IPT) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) were significantly more effective than most control conditions (standardized mean differences, SMDs ranged from -0.47 to -0.96). Also, IPT and CBT were more beneficial than play therapy. Only psychodynamic therapy and play therapy were not significantly superior to waitlist. At follow-up, IPT and CBT were significantly more effective than most control conditions (SMDs ranged from -0.26 to -1.05), although only IPT retained this superiority at both short-term and long-term follow-up. In addition, IPT and CBT were more beneficial than problem-solving therapy. Waitlist was significantly inferior to other control conditions. With regard to acceptability, IPT and problem-solving therapy had significantly fewer all-cause discontinuations than cognitive therapy and CBT (ORs ranged from 0.06 to 0.33). These data suggest that IPT and CBT should be considered as the best available psychotherapies for depression in children and adolescents. However, several alternative psychotherapies are understudied in this age group. Waitlist may inflate the effect of psychotherapies, so that psychological placebo or treatment-as-usual may be preferable as a control condition in psychotherapy trials.
Successful Homotransplantation of Rabbit Bone Marrow after Preservation in Glycerol at -70° C.
Authors: K. A. Porter, J. E. Murray
Journal: Cancer Research (1958)

Successful marrow homotransplants in x-radiated rabbits were shown to occur about as frequently following intravenous injection of marrow preserved by slow freezing in glycerol and storage at -70° C. for 1 week as following administration of fresh marrow.

Rapid freezing, however, reduced the viability of marrow cells to such an extent that successful marrow transplantation failed to occur.
Risk factors for genital lichen sclerosus in men
Authors: M. Bjekić, S. Šipetić, J. Marinković
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory disease of the skin and mucous membranes. Its aetiology is still unknown. Objectives To determine risk factors for genital LS in men. Methods In a case–control study, 73 patients with LS, consecutively diagnosed at the City Dispensary for Skin and Venereal Diseases in Belgrade, were compared with 219 male patients visiting the same institution because of tinea cruris. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used for analysis of data collected. Results According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, risk factors for male LS were as follows: a personal history of genital injury [odds ratio (OR) 28·1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 5·2–150·8], vitiligo (OR 23·1, 95% CI 2·2–240·2), alopecia areata (OR 8·8, 95% CI 1·1–68·5) and hypercholesterolaemia (OR 3·1, 95% CI 1·1–8·2), and a family history of alopecia areata (OR 24·3, 95% CI 2·1–280·7), diseases of the thyroid gland (OR 9·1, 95% CI 2·3–36·2) and other autoimmune diseases (OR 8·6, 95% CI 1·3–58·6). Conclusions The results of the present study are in line with the hypothesis that trauma of the penis is a possible trigger of symptoms in genetically predisposed individuals and that personal and family histories of autoimmune disorders are risk factors for male LS.
Maximum-tolerated dose, toxicity, and efficacy of (131)I-Lym-1 antibody for fractionated radioimmunotherapy of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Authors: G L DeNardo, S J DeNardo, D S Goldstein, L A Kroger, K R Lamborn, N B Levy, J P McGahan, Q Salako, S Shen, J P Lewis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Lym-1, a monoclonal antibody that preferentially targets malignant lymphocytes, has induced remissions in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) when labeled with iodine 131 ((131)I). Based on the strategy of fractionating the total dose, this study was designed to define the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and efficacy of the first two, of a maximum of four, doses of (131)I-Lym-1 given 4 weeks apart. Additionally, toxicity and radiation dosimetry were assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients with advanced NHL entered the study a total of 21 times. Thirteen (62%) of the 21 entries had diffuse large-cell histologies. All patients had disease resistant to standard therapy and had received a mean of four chemotherapy regimens. (131)I-Lym-1 was given after Lym-1 and (131)I was escalated in cohorts of patients from 40 to 100 mCi (1.5 to 3.7 GBq)/m2 body surface area. RESULTS Mean radiation dose to the bone marrow from body and blood (131)I was 0.34 (range, 0. 1 6 to 0.63) rad/mCi (0.09 mGy/MBq; range, 0.04 to 0.17 mGy/ MBq). Dose-limiting toxicity was grade 3 to 4 thrombocytopenia with an MTD of 100 mCi/m2 (3.7 GBq/m2) for each of the first two doses of (131)I-Lym-1 given 4 weeks apart. Nonhematologic toxicities did not exceed grade 2 except for one instance of grade 3 hypotension. Ten (71 %) of 14 entries who received at least two doses of (131)I-Lym-1 therapy and 11 (52%) of 21 total entries responded. Seven of the responses were complete, with a mean duration of 14 months. All three entries in the 100 mCi/m2 (3.7 MBq/m2) cohort had complete remissions (CRs). All responders had at least a partial remission (PR) after the first therapy dose of (131)I-Lym-1. CONCLUSION (131)I-Lym-1 induced durable remissions in patients with NHL resistant to chemotherapy and was associated with acceptable toxicity. The nonmyeloablative MTD for each of the first two doses of (131)I-Lym-1 was 100 mCi/m2 (total, 200 mCi/m2) (3.7 GBq/m2; total, 7.4 GBq/m2).
Discrimination between Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus mitis based on sorting of their MALDI mass spectra
Authors: L.N. Ikryannikova, A.V. Filimonova, M.V. Malakhova, T. Savinova, O. Filimonova, E.N. Ilina, V.A. Dubovickaya, S.V. Sidorenko, V.M. Govorun
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)