tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4890: Collagen 1 fibers are a key component in the establishment of distant pulmonary metastasis by breast cancer cells
Authors: Desmond Jacob, Samata M. Kakkad, Balaji Krishnamachary, Ioannis Stasinopoulos, Meiyappan Solaiyappan, Flonne Wildes, Kristine Glunde, Zaver M. Bhujwalla
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We previously observed that silencing COX-2 significantly reduced the expression of degradative enzymes such as matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1), and altered the expression of ECM components such as hyaluronan and lumican that play a role in intra-fibrillar collagen spacing [1]. We have also observed that primary human breast cancers that have metastasized have higher collagen 1 (Col1) fiber density and volume [2]. Here, for the first time, we have investigated Col1 fiber patterns in metastatic lung nodules established by metastatic MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and their subclone Clone 13 cells that express shRNA to significantly reduce, but not silence, COX-2 expression. Second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy studies were performed on H&amp;E stained lung sections obtained from SCID mice five weeks post intravenous injection of MDA-MB-231 (five mice) and Clone 13 (three mice) human breast cancer cells. SHG images of 5-7 fields of view per mouse were acquired from the lung sections on an Olympus FV1000MPE multiphoton microscope, and analyzed for inter-fiber distance and percentage of fiber per metastatic area using in-house software [2]. Reducing COX-2 expression resulted in a significant reduction of metastatic lung burden in mice. Analysis of the Col1 fiber structures of similar sized metastatic nodules revealed significantly fewer fibers and larger inter fiber distance in lung nodules of mice injected with Clone 13 cells compared to parental MDA-MB-231 cells. Reducing COX-2 resulted in the establishment of significantly fewer metastatic lung nodules with significantly sparser Col1 fibers. These data suggest that the ability to lay down Col1 fibers is a key requirement for the successful establishment of metastatic lesions. Reducing COX-2 expression in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells affects the ability of these cancer cells to lay down a Col1 fiber scaffold suitable for cancer cell growth in the lungs. These data identify new aspects of the role of Col1 fibers and COX-2 in the establishment of metastatic lesions. References: [1] I. Stasinopoulos et al., Neoplasia (2008); [2] S. Kakkad et al., J Biomed Opt (2012). This work was supported by NIH R01CA82337 and P50CA103175. Citation Format: Desmond Jacob, Samata M. Kakkad, Balaji Krishnamachary, Ioannis Stasinopoulos, Meiyappan Solaiyappan, Flonne Wildes, Kristine Glunde, Zaver M. Bhujwalla. Collagen 1 fibers are a key component in the establishment of distant pulmonary metastasis by breast cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4890. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4890
Patients With Mild Heart Failure Worsen During Withdrawal From Digoxin Therapy
Authors: Kirkwood F. Adams, Mihai Gheorghiade, Barry F. Uretsky, James B. Young, Sagir Ahmed, Lisa Tomasko, Milton Packer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)

We investigated whether patients with mild heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction were at risk of worsening during digoxin withdrawal.Deterioration during digoxin withdrawal is often believed to be restricted to patients with moderate to severe clinical evidence of heart failure. To test this hypothesis, we studied the outcome of patients categorized by treatment assignment and a clinical signs and symptoms heart failure score in two rigorously designed clinical heart failure trials: the Prospective Randomized Study of Ventricular Function and Efficacy of Digoxin (PROVED) and the Randomized Assessment of Digoxin and Inhibitors of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (RADIANCE) trial.Potential differences in treatment failure, left ventricular ejection fraction and exercise capacity were evaluated in three groups of patients: those with mild heart failure (score < or = 2) who were withdrawn from digoxin (Dig WD Mild); those with moderate heart failure (score > 2) who were withdrawn from digoxin (Dig WD Moderate); and patients who continued receiving digoxin regardless of heart failure score (Dig Cont).Heart failure score at randomization did not predict outcome during follow-up in Dig Cont-group patients. Dig WD Mild-group patients were at increased risk of treatment failure and had deterioration of exercise capacity and left ventricular ejection fraction compared with that in Dig Cont-group patients (all p < 0.01). Patients in the Dig WD Moderate group were significantly more likely to experience treatment failure than patients in either the Dig WD Mild or Dig Cont group (both p < 0.05).Patients with systolic left ventricular dysfunction were at risk of clinical deterioration after digoxin withdrawal despite mild clinical evidence of congestive heart failure.
Autophagy
Authors: Jeffrey A. Haspel, Augustine M. K. Choi
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<How Does Autophagy Work?How Is Macroautophagy Mea...Why Study Macroautophagy ...Chronic Obstructive Pulmo...Cystic FibrosisMycobacterium tuberculosi...SummaryReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Successful Treatment of Severe Hidradenitis Suppurativa With Anakinra
Authors: Kian Zarchi, Deirdre Nathalie Dufour, Gregor B. E. Jemec
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that is characterized by painful and suppurating lesions. Herein, we report a case of severe HS that was refractory to multiple treatments but responded rapidly to anakinra injections.
George Wyllie Howie Jardine
Authors: J. Douglas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>Aim</h3> To compare the recovery of parasites in faecal samples using the Midi Parasep with ethyl acetate and Midi Parasep Solvent Free (SF) faecal parasite concentrators. <h3>Methods</h3> 23 preserved and 11 fresh faecal samples were microscopically examined for the presence of parasites using the Midi Parasep concentrator with ethyl acetate centrifuged for 1 and 3 min and the Midi Parasep SF concentrator. <h3>Results</h3> The Midi Parasep SF faecal parasite system recovered significantly fewer ova and cysts and resulted in a notably larger deposit than the Midi Parasep concentrator with ethyl acetate. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Parasites present in small numbers that would be detected using the Midi Parasep concentrator with ethyl acetate could be missed using the SF faecal parasite system.
Purification and further characterization of human mononuclear cell histamine-releasing factor.
Authors: M L Baeza, S Reddigari, M Haak-Frendscho, A P Kaplan
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

We have purified and further characterized a histamine releasing factor (HRF) derived from human mononuclear cells using gel-filtration HPLC, reverse-phase HPLC, anion exchange chromatography, and elution from SDS gels after electrophoresis. Considerable heterogeneity is seen, far exceeding that published in prior reports. Gel filtration HPLC yielded a major peak at molecular weight 30,000 and minor peaks at 50,000 and 12,000. Reverse-phase HPLC gave one major fraction in the void volume and an eluted peak at 50-60% acetonitrile. Accell QMA anion exchange HPLC revealed three peaks of activity; one in the void volume similar to that published previously using QAE-Sephadex, and peaks that eluted at 0.5 and 0.8 M ammonium acetate, respectively. Electroelution following SDS-PAGE yielded peaks at MW 12,000 and 15-17,000 plus variable peaks at 25-27,000, 31-34,000, and 80-90,000 D. Using a combination of the aforementioned procedures, we have purified molecular species of HRF at 41,000 and 17,000 D to apparent homogeneity, as judged by SDS PAGE and autoradiography. Since human interleukin 3 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor possess histamine-releasing capability, it is clear that multiple cytokines can share this activity. However, the major HRF we isolate from human mononuclear cells appears, thus far, to be unique.
Abstract 4462: Induction of apoptosis by 3-bromopyruvate involves endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and overcomes autophagy response in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Hep3B
Authors: Shanmugasundaram Ganapathy-Kanniappan, Jean-Francois H. Geschwind, Rani Kunjithapatham, Manon Buijs, Labiq H. Syed, Pramod P. Rao, Shinichi Ota, Byung Kook Kwak, Mustafa Vali
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Autophagy is a cellular response to adverse conditions that also plays a role in resistance to chemotherapy in cancer cells. Resistance renders systemic chemotherapy generally ineffective against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The HCC cell line Hep3B is deficient in key apoptotic regulators (p53, Fas) and shows differential apoptotic response to various chemotherapeutic agents. The antiglycolytic agent, 3-bromopyruvate (3-BrPA) is known to induce cell death in human HCC cell lines and has shown potent antitumor activity. In the current study we investigated the intracellular response of Hep3B cells to 3-BrPA treatment and compared it with another HCC cell line, SK-Hep1. Methods: We examined the intracellular effect of 3-BrPA by measuring endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunoblotting. The ultrastructural changes were observed by electron microscopy (EM). Apoptosis was evaluated by TUNEL assay and caspase-3 activation. Results: 3-BrPA treatment induced ER stress and inhibited protein synthesis in a dose and time dependent manner in both the HCC cell lines. EM revealed that 3-BrPA treatment resulted in the initiation of autophagy in Hep3B cells and apoptotic blebbing in SK-Hep1 cells. However, Hep3B cells overcame the initial autophagic response and finally progressed to apoptosis. Conclusions: SK-Hep1 cells upon 3-BrPA treatment underwent the classic pathway of apoptosis whereas Hep3B cells employed autophagy as a defense mechanism but failed to resist apoptosis. We conclude that 3-BrPA treatment promotes apoptosis in human HCC cell lines irrespective of their differential response associated with the status of key apoptotic regulators. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4462.
Urinary Erythrophagocytes in Proliferative Glomerulonephritis
Authors: Hans-Joachim Anders, Detlef Schlöndorff
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

To the Editor: Urinary microscopy is widely used for the evaluation of patients with hematuria, but distinguishing between renal and nonrenal causes of hematuria can be difficult. Signs of renal di...
THE DIAGNOSIS OF TUMORS INVOLVING THE SPINAL CORD
Authors: HENRY W. WOLTMAN
Journal: JAMA (1930)

I propose to limit my consideration of tumors involving the spinal cord to diagnosis, which is the phase of particular interest to medical men and which has, as its natural sequence, proper treatment. The patient's story is the most important step in diagnosis. <h3>DIAGNOSIS</h3><h3>Pain.</h3> —The earliest and commonest complaint is pain. In more than 300 proved cases of tumor of the spinal cord at the Mayo Clinic, pain was present in approximately 80 per cent. The average duration of the symptom was well over two years. Frazier 1 noted the duration of the disease to be twenty-eight and fourtenths months. The pain may be in the spine at the site of the tumor; it may be referred to the lower extremities even when the tumor lies high in the canal, but usually it is referred along the distribution of a posterior root, when it is known as a root
Abstract 1569: Multivalent melanoma vaccine using primary human melanoma cells and a vaccinia virus based antigen retrieval system
Authors: Robert Suriano, Shilpi Rajoria, Andrea George, Casey Jussim, Arulkumaran Shanmugam, Jan Geliebter, Raj K. Tiwari, Marc K. Wallack
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Melanoma is the fifth most diagnosed cancer in men and seventh most diagnosed cancer in women and it is estimated that there will be over 70,000 new cases and 8,000 deaths in 2011. Prevention of both primary and secondary melanomas requires the development of a melanoma specific multi-valent vaccine. We have been involved in developing a vaccinia virus based vaccine consisting of melanoma cell membrane antigens and integrated vaccinia viral proteins, which serve as a potent adjuvant. This melanoma vaccine, referred to as viral membrane oncolysate (VMO), is composed of five primary cell lines derived from patient tumors each independently infected with vaccinia virus and has been shown to induce anti-cancer immune response in clinical trials. Notable results were obtained in node positive subsets of patients that showed a positive response in survival distribution function suggesting that this preparation is an active therapeutic immunogen but the mechanism of immune activation needs to be elucidated. In order for us to define the immunogens that impart the clinical efficacy of the this melanoma VMO vaccine, it is essential to characterize the primary cell lines with respect to their phenotypic characteristics as well as to define the melanoma antigen repertoire so that effective vaccine strategies can be designed that do not rely exclusively on tumor derived primary cells. Our study reveals that all the five primary cell lines expressed antigens, such as gp100, CD146, and tyrosinase, similar to several commercially available melanoma cell lines although at varying concentrations. In addition, the five primary cell lines demonstrated varying migratory/invasive properties using a Boyden Chamber assay and their tumorigenic potential is being tested in nude mice. The cells were also characterized with respect to BRAF mutations. We observed several similarities between the antigenic profile of the primary and established cell lines as well as some unique characteristics. We conclude that using a combination of defined antigens from primary tumor cells is useful in designing a pan-antigen immunotherapeutic vaccine. This melanoma pan antigen vaccine can be an effective tool in primary prevention of melanoma presumably having the highest clinical efficacy when combined with unique antigens from primary cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1569. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1569
Air controller strike spotlights job stress
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1981)

The current air traffic controllers' strike, now entering its third month, has become the focal point of an issue that is receiving increasing medical attention these days: job-related stress. The striking air controllers say that their job responsibilities occasionally induce almost unbearable stress and that this pressure threatens their health and sometimes the safety of those flying in the airplanes that they supervise. But the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) contends that the matter of the controllers' jobrelated stress has been blown out of proportion. Spokesmen for the FAA say that efforts are continuing to minimize stress. They add that, moreover, the controllers' jobs may be very different before many more years pass. Also at this time, coincidentally or not, the National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Md, has finished analyzing data on job stress collected in a 1979 survey. According to center statisticians, about one in four (26.5% ) American
Draft guidance on clinical trials recognises needs of non-commercial research
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Academic researchers are cautiously welcoming new draft guidance on clinical trials published recently by the European Commission.

They are pleased that, for the first time, guidance makes specific mention of the particular value and needs of non-commercial clinical trials. They had feared that the previous directive might restrict certain trials or place unnecessary restrictions on studies comparing one existing drug with another where the risks were relatively low.

The new guidance is a redraft of the original European Union clinical trials directive (2001/20/EC), which was set up to harmonise approval and monitoring of commercially sponsored clinical research in different EU countries and to set pan-European standards of protection for all participants in clinical trials. The directive was …
Ultrasonic measurement of spinal canal.
Authors: E B Macdonald, J A Anderson, J L Dales
Journal: BMJ (1984)

the same fault (Dr R D Turner, 25 February, p 643).In reply the authors defend their questions in the same way that I supported mine.2They admit they do not know of a perfect questionnaire.Perhaps bias, like beauty, lies in the eye of the beholder.Even the apparently neutral question "Would you like a cup of tea ?" could be construed as being biased against coffee.Two disturbing matters arise.Firstly, Dr Pringle and others found even more patients than I did who have worries about computerisation of medical records-31 % com- pared with 19% on the issue of medical confidentiality-although their sample is admittedly much smaller.It is astonishing therefore that they conclude in their discussion that "patients have few worries concerning computerisation of their medical records."Secondly, they say that "measures taken to avoid this threat [to confidentiality] may reduce the value of computers in medicine."What is paramount: the value of computers or the patients themselves ?Discussion should now be directed away from argument over "biased" questionnaires and towards those patients' fears that have been clearly expressed.Just how are general practitioners using, or intending to use, computers going to deal with them ?
Fas Receptor Expression in Germinal-Center B Cells Is Essential for T and B Lymphocyte Homeostasis
Authors: Zhenyue Hao, Gordon S. Duncan, Jane Seagal, Yu-Wen Su, Claire Hong, Jillian Haight, Nien-Jung Chen, Andrew Elia, Andrew Wakeham, Wanda Y. Li, Jennifer Liepa, Geoffrey A. Wood, Stefano Casola, Klaus Rajewsky, Tak W. Mak
Journal: Immunity (2008)
Medical or surgical orchidectomy.
Authors: B R Birch
Journal: BMJ (1991)

Mean (SD) values obtained in four tests ofIQ and scholastic achievement by groulp (groups were given placebo or 50%, 100%, or 200%"O of United States recommended dailv allowances) and time of measurement Difference Initial measurement Final mcasurement Change from placeboVerbal IQ WISC-R: All groups (n=410)
Feasibility of Semen Cryopreservation in Patients With Malignant Disease
Authors: Warren G. Sanger, James O. Armitage, Michael A. Schmidt
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Twenty-two young men with testicular carcinoma or lymphoma were referred for semen cryopreservation before therapy that was expected to render them infertile. Criteria for potential fertility in the semen analysis after thawing included as sperm density of 20 x 10(6)/mL, motility in at least 40% of the spermatozoa, and an average motility grade of 2+. Five of the patients (23%) had semen qualities meeting the criteria for potential fertility. In contrast, 30 of 50 normal men (60%) of similar age screened for participation in an artificial insemination by donor program had semen meeting the criteria. Although the mechanism is not certain, it appears that young men with testicular carcinoma or lymphoma are significantly less likely to be candidates for serum cryopreservation than are healthy young men.
Pan-cancer genetic analysis identifies PARK2 as a master regulator of G1/S cyclins
Authors: Yongxing Gong, Travis Ian Zack, Luc G T Morris, Kan Lin, Ellen Hukkelhoven, Radhika Raheja, I-Li Tan, Sevin Turcan, Selvaraju Veeriah, Shasha Meng, Agnes Viale, Steven E Schumacher, Perry Palmedo, Rameen Beroukhim, Timothy A Chan
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Modified Rendezvous Technique for Bilateral Biliary Drainage Through a Jejunal Interponat of the Common Bile Duct with Anastomotic Strictures
Authors: U. Töx, H.-M. Steffen, K. Lackner, A. H. Hölscher, T. Goeser
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

The proximal common bile duct was accidentally removed during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a 43-year-old man. Biliary drainage was successfully re-established in our clinic by the formation of a jejunal interponat, but the patient’s cholestasis relapsed, due to delayed biliary drainage and moderate stenosis of both jejunal anastomoses (Figure [1] a). Attempts to manage this by crossing of the interponat to the opposite opening with a guide-wire during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography or percutaneous trans-hepatic cholangiography failed.
KNEE JOINT ARTHROPLASTY
Authors: W. RUSSELL MacAUSLAND
Journal: JAMA (1933)

In previous publications I have summarized and discussed the general aspects of ankylosis and arthroplasty of the knee joint. In this report, therefore, I shall present a few features of knee arthroplasty that have stood out prominently in our experience with the procedure at the MacAusland Clinic and show how a number of cases in which we have performed arthroplasties of the knee have withstood the test of time, as to both function and stability. In our experience with knee arthroplasty, the complication of infection of the operative wound, from latent foci of infection, has been not infrequently encountered. This factor does not seem to have been stressed by other surgeons, and possibly they have not encountered it to the same extent. That the complication is not due to operative sepsis I am certain, because the infection has appeared too late after intervention. In the four cases of which I