tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Localization of a Bronchopleural Fistula in a Postpneumonectomy Patient Using Ventilation Scintigraphy
Authors: SEHAM H. AL, MARK HOGGE, FERNANDO CESANI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1995)

A 55-year-old man underwent a right pneumonectomy for squamous cell carcinoma. Three weeks later, he was seen in the emergency room for recurrent episodes of shortness of breath. A right open bronchial stump developed. A ventilation study was performed to identify a bronchopleural fistula. It revealed an immediate accumulation of the radiotracer in the right thoracic cavity.
Treating Intractable Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Daniel J. McCarty
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

In this issue of the Journal, investigators in Stanford and Boston report that total lymphoid irradiation suppresses joint inflammation in patients with severe rheumatoid arthritis not adequately controlled by standard therapy.1 , 2 Evidence of decreased disease activity was noted in most patients within three months after completion of therapy. Morning stiffness, joint swelling, and tenderness continued to wane for another three months. The disease flared in the Boston patients after about a year had elapsed, whereas improvement in the patients treated in California persisted for up to 18 months, although several "transient flares" required an increase in the daily corticosteroid . . .
The new collagenase, collagenase-3, is expressed and synthesized by human chondrocytes but not by synoviocytes. A role in osteoarthritis.
Authors: P Reboul, J P Pelletier, G Tardif, J M Cloutier, J Martel-Pelletier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Recently, a new human collagenase, collagenase-3 has been identified. Since collagen changes are of particular importance in cartilage degeneration, we investigated if collagenase-3 plays a role in osteoarthritis (OA). Reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis revealed that in articular tissues collagenase-3 was expressed by the chondrocytes but not by the synoviocytes. Northern blot analysis of the chondrocyte mRNA revealed the presence of two major gene transcripts of 3.0 and 2.5 kb, and a third one of 2.2 kb was occasionally present. Compared to normal, OA showed a significantly higher (3.0 kb, P < or = 0.05; 2.5 kb, P < or = 0.03) level of collagenase-3 mRNA expression. Collagenase-3 had a higher catalytic velocity tate (about fivefold) than collagenase-1 on type II collagen. With the use of two specific antibodies, we showed that human chondrocytes had the ability to produce collagenase-3 as a proenzyme and as a glycosylated doublet. The chondrocyte collagenase-3 protein is produced in a significantly higher (P < or = 0.04) level in OA (approximately 9.5-fold) than in normal. The synthesis and expression of this new collagenase could also be modulated by two proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha, in a time- and dose-dependent manner. This study provides novel and interesting data on collagenase-3 expression and synthesis in human cartilage cells and suggest its involvement in human OA cartilage patho-physiology.
Acyclovir To Prevent Cytomegalovirus Infection after Renal Transplantation
Authors: Tony Wong
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters1 July 1991Acyclovir To Prevent Cytomegalovirus Infection after Renal TransplantationTony Wong, MD, Olivier Toupance, MD, Jacques Chanard, MDTony Wong, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Olivier Toupance, MDSearch for more papers by this author, Jacques Chanard, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-115-1-68_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: The recent article by Plotkin and colleagues (1) confirms the role of pretransplant immunity in the reduction of cytomegalovirus disease severity in renal transplant recipients at high risk for primary disease. It is noteworthy that the Towne live virus vaccine did not induce latency or increase the incidence of neoplasm. In the accompanying editorial, Balfour (2) commented on the different options for preventing cytomegalovirus disease. He underlined his enthusiasm for the use of high-dose acyclovir in "all patients."On the basis of the results of a 1989 study by Balfour and colleagues, we conducted an open-label trial...References1. Plotkin S, Starr S, and Friedman H. Effects of Towne live virus vaccine on cytomegalovirus disease after renal transplant. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:525-31. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Balfour H. Options for prevention of cytomegalovirus disease. Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:598-9. LinkGoogle Scholar3. Balfour H, Chace B, and Stapleton J. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of oral acyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of renal allografts. N Engl J Med. 1989:320:1381-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Bowden R, Sayers M, and Flournoy N. Cytomegalovirus immune globulin and seronegative blood products to prevent primary cytomegalovirus infection after marrow transplantation. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:1006-10. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Tony Wong, MD; Olivier Toupance, MD; Jacques Chanard, MDAffiliations: Centre Hospitalier Universitairre de Reims Reims, France 51092 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFailure of high-dose oral acyclovir with or without immune globulin to prevent primary cytomegalovirus disease in recipients of solid organ transplantsAntimicrobial strategies in the care of organ transplant recipientsSymptomatic Cytomegalovirus Infection in Renal Transplant Recipients Given Either Minnesota Antilymphoblast Globulin (MALG) or OKT3 for Rejection ProphylaxisStrategies for the treatment and prevention of cytomegalovirus infections 1 July 1991Volume 115, Issue 1Page: 68-68KeywordsCytomegalovirus infectionImmunityRenal diseasesRenal transplantationVaccines ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1991 PDF downloadLoading ...
Eumydrine in Pyloric Hypertrophy
Authors: O. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (1945)

GABA<sub>B</sub> receptors are G-protein-coupled receptors that mediate slow synaptic inhibition in the brain and spinal cord. These receptors are heterodimers assembled from GABA<sub>B1</sub> and GABA<sub>B2</sub> subunits, neither of which is capable of producing functional GABA<sub>B</sub> receptors on homomeric expression. GABA<sub>B1,</sub> although able to bind GABA, is retained within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) when expressed alone. In contrast, GABA<sub>B2</sub> is able to access the cell surface when expressed alone but does not couple efficiently to the appropriate effector systems or produce any detectable GABA-binding sites. In the present study, we have constructed chimeric and truncated GABA<sub>B1</sub>and GABA<sub>B2</sub> subunits to explore further GABA<sub>B</sub>receptor signaling and assembly. Removal of the entire C-terminal intracellular domain of GABA<sub>B1</sub> results in plasma membrane expression without the production of a functional GABA<sub>B</sub>receptor. However, coexpression of this truncated GABA<sub>B1</sub>subunit with either GABA<sub>B2</sub> or a truncated GABA<sub>B2</sub> subunit in which the C terminal has also been removed is capable of functional signaling via G-proteins. In contrast, transferring the entire C-terminal tail of GABA<sub>B1</sub> to GABA<sub>B2</sub> leads to the ER retention of the GABA<sub>B2</sub>subunit when expressed alone. These results indicate that the C terminal of GABA<sub>B1</sub> mediates the ER retention of this protein and that neither of the C-terminal tails of GABA<sub>B1</sub>or GABA<sub>B2</sub> is an absolute requirement for functional coupling of heteromeric receptors. Furthermore although GABA<sub>B1</sub> is capable of producing GABA-binding sites, GABA<sub>B2</sub> is of central importance in the functional coupling of heteromeric GABA<sub>B</sub> receptors to G-proteins and the subsequent activation of effector systems.
Andrews’ Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology
Authors: Lawrence Charles Parish
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Toxic evaluation of organic extracts from airborne particulate matter in Puerto Rico.
Authors: D R Reyes, O Rosario, J F Rodriguez, B D Jimenez
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2000)

In recent years, several hypotheses have emerged to explain the toxicologic activity of particulate matter. Organic compounds, ultrafine particles, biologic components, and transition metals are some of the constituents that reportedly exert some type of adverse effect on human health. A considerable fraction of the urban particulate matter consists of carbon compounds, which originate mostly from anthropogenic sources. The toxicity of organic fractions from particulate matter have been mainly evaluated by considering their mutagenic activity. This research expands on the toxicologic profile of organic compounds adsorbed to particulate matter, specifically in Puerto Rico, by using the cytotoxic neutral red bioassay (NRB). The NRB uses normal human epidermal keratinocytes or other types of cells to measure the effect on cell viability when exposed to organic compounds associated to the particles in the air. We validated the NRB for particulate matter by using a standard reference material (SRM 1649). We used the NRB to determine toxicologic differences of extracts between an urban industrialized site with anthropogenic activity versus a coastal region with less human activity. The cytotoxicity associated with organic compounds in particulate matter collected at the urban industrialized site was detected in both the particulate matter (3/4) 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(10)) and particulate matter (3/4) 100 microm in aerodynamic diameter (PM(100)). Greater toxic effects were observed in PM(10) extracts than in PM(100) extracts, but PM(10) toxic effects were not significantly different from those in PM(100). The extracts from the industrialized site were more cytotoxic than the extracts from coastal reference site, although in the summer, extracts from both sites were significantly cytotoxic to normal human epidermal keratinocytes. In addition, the nonpolar extracts of both PM(10) and PM(100) exerted the greatest cytotoxicity, followed by the polar, and, finally, the moderately polar extract. This study demonstrates that extracts from the Guaynabo industrialized site were more toxic than similar extracts obtained from a reference coastal site in Fajardo, Puerto Rico.
Elevated exhaled nitric oxide in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome
Authors: G Cremona, TW Higenbottam, V Mayoral, G Alexander, E Demoncheaux, C Borland, P Roe, GJ Jones
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

The hypoxaemia of hepatopulmonary syndrome, seen in severe chronic liver dysfunction, occurs as a result of precapillary pulmonary arterial dilatation and arteriovenous communications. These abnormalities contribute to the mismatch between ventilation and perfusion, and the right to left blood flow shunting. Nitric oxide (NO) is a powerful vasodilator concerned with the regulation of pulmonary vascular tone in man. Using a chemiluminescence analyser, we have measured endogenously produced NO in the exhaled air of three patients with the hepatopulmonary syndrome, six normoxaemic cirrhotic patients and six healthy volunteers. The subjects breathed NO-free air throughout the measurements. The molar rate of production of exhaled NO was raised almost threefold in the patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome compared with normal volunteers and with normoxaemic cirrhotic patients. Hypoxia per se, achieved in the normal volunteers by breathing a hypoxic gas mixture, reduced rather than increased the exhaled NO. One hepatopulmonary syndrome patient received an orthotopic liver transplant and achieved normoxaemia after 3 months. The exhaled NO also returned to normal. Increased pulmonary production of NO could contribute to the development of the hepatopulmonary syndrome.
The Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation outperforms the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation for estimating glomerular filtration rate in chronic systolic heart failure
Authors: Mattia A.E. Valente, Hans L. Hillege, Gerjan Navis, Adriaan A. Voors, Peter H.J.M. Dunselman, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Kevin Damman
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2013)
Transplacental passage of fetal red cells in abortion; increased incidence after curettage and effect of oxytocic drugs
Authors: J. Katz
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In a study of early abortions (less than 16-week pregnancies) no significant increase in fetomaternal haemorrhage was found in patients having either threatened or incomplete abortions. A statistically significant increase in fetal cells in the maternal circulation, however, occurred after curettage. The administration of oxytocic drugs in conjunction with curettage in cases of incomplete abortion did not increase the incidence of transplacental passage of fetal erythrocytes when compared with curettage alone. Of the 81 patients curetted following abortion four had a feto-maternal haemorrhage of more than 0.2 ml. The largest amount of fetal blood found in the maternal circulation was 0.4 to 0.5 ml. Preliminary data evaluating the indirect Coombs test and enzyme-treated red cells in Rh-negative post-abortion cases suggest that this amount of blood is not a primary immunizing dose but a "booster" to preformed antibody.
Thalidomide Embryopathy in Hybrid Rabbits
Authors: Theodore H. Ingalls, Francis J. Curley, Peter Zappasodi
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

THE purpose of this paper is to report production of specific malformations of the limbs and kidneys in offspring of rabbits given thalidomide by mouth during the second week of pregnancy (Fig. 1). The experiments were undertaken after the omide as a teratogenic agent in 1962, Somers,2 in England, was able to produce defects of the limbs in rabbits, as a consequence of feeding thalidomide during the eighth through the sixteenth day of pregnancy; his findings were soon confirmed by many reports from European countries, particularly Germany and England, indicated that thalidomide taken during early pregnancy had resulted in the . . .
A lung retention model based on Michaelis-Menten-like kinetics.
Authors: R C Yu, S M Rappaport
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

A Michaelis-Menten (MM)-like kinetic model for pulmonary clearance and retention of insoluble dusts was developed and validated by comparing our predictions with experimental data from F344 rats. Published data from inhalation studies involving accumulation and elimination of photocopy test toner, antimony trioxide, carbon black, and diesel exhaust particles were investigated. Numerical integration techniques were used to solve mass balance relationships based upon dust retention in a single lung compartment and clearance via an MM-like kinetic process. The model fit most of the experimental data well. The parameters of MM-like clearance kinetics, which had been derived strictly from the elimination phase, accurately predicted dust retention during the elimination as well as accumulation phases. Furthermore, parameters estimated from one study could accurately predict retention of the same dust in other studies. Particle density and gender of the animals had no effect on the goodness of fit of model predictions. This study suggests that MM-like kinetics offer a reasonable description of particle clearance from the pulmonary region of the rat lung that is more parsimonious than existing particle-clearance models and therefore more suitable for use with small amounts of data.
Vagal nerve stimulation increases right ventricular contraction and relaxation and heart rate
Authors: R. J. Henning, L. Feliciano, C. M. Coers
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

To determine the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide, released from the right and left vagal nerves, on ventricular contraction, relaxation, and heart rate.The muscarinic and beta-adrenergic receptors were blocked with atropine and propranolol, and afterload was controlled in 48 anesthetized, open-chest mongrel dogs. Experiments were performed in the absence (Series 1, 10 dogs) and in the presence (Series 2, 22 dogs) of a controlled heart rate and prior to and after the administration of a sensitive and selective vasoactive intestinal peptide antagonist (Series 3, 16 dogs).Right ventricular contraction (+dp/dtmax), relaxation (-dp/dtmin) and heart rate increased significantly during 20 Hz vagal nerve stimulation for 5 min. Vagal nerve stimulation in Series 1 increased right ventricular +dp/dtmax by 28% from a control value of 480 +/- 11 (P < 0.001) and right ventricular -dp/dtmin by 23% from a control value of 341 +/- 11 (P < 0.002). Left ventricular +dp/dtmax and -dp/dtmin increased slightly but not significantly. Vagal nerve stimulation also increased the heart rate by 29% from a control value of 149 +/- 2 (P < 0.001). During controlled heart rate in Series 2, vagal nerve stimulation at 20 Hz consistently increased right ventricular +dp/dtmax and -dp/dtmin comparable to Series 1 experiments but did not increase left ventricular +dp/dtmax or -dp/dtmin. Injection of the vasoactive intestinal peptide antagonist [4Cl-DPhe6, Leu17]VIP into the right coronary artery of 16 dogs in Series 3 did not affect right ventricular +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmin, or heart rate. However, this antagonist substantially decreased the vagal-induced increases in right ventricular +dp/dtmax, -dp/dtmin, and heart rate by 85, 63, and 71% (P < 0.005), respectively.The present experiments suggest that vagal nerve stimulation releases vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) or a "VIP-like substance' that significantly increases right ventricular contraction, relaxation, and heart rate.
Abstract 1495: Identification of markers for the presence of lymph nodes metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas
Authors: Fernando Tadeu Zamunér, Danielle Calheiros Campelo Maia, André Lopes Carvalho, André Luiz Vettore
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Oral cancer is the most common subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). These tumors often have an aggressive clinical outcome hallmarked by a propensity for local invasion and regional nodal metastasis. The presence of metastatic disease in cervical lymph nodes is an important prognostic factor and it influences in the choice of the therapeutic strategy to be adopted. Thus, the identification of molecular markers able to select patients who are at high risk for lymph node metastasis and/or locoregional recurrence could be of great value. Recent studies have shown that microRNAs can be regulators of the tumor metastasis process by the activation of various signaling pathways involved in this process being useful in diagnosis, determination of disease prognosis and prediction of therapeutic response. PURPOSE: to identify microRNAs expressed in OSCC associated with the presence of lymph node metastasis. METHODS: Tumor samples were obtained from patients diagnosed with OSCC at the Head and Neck Surgery Department, Cancer Hospital of Barretos. For microRNA microarrays experiments, total RNA from 32 tumor samples (12 without lymph node metastasis and 12 with metastasis) was extracted labelled and hybridizated Analysis of microarray data was performed using GeneSpring GX 12.0 and R program. RESULTS: This analysis allowed the identification of six microRNAs differentially expressed in the comparison between metastatic and non-metastatic OCCS cases. These microRNAs will be validate and selected by qRT-PCR in an independent cohort of OSCC patients and correlate the molecular data with the clinical features of the patients. Financial Support: FAPESP Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Fernando Tadeu Zamunér, Danielle Calheiros Campelo Maia, André Lopes Carvalho, André Luiz Vettore. Identification of markers for the presence of lymph nodes metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1495. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1495