tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery
Authors: Azfar G. Zaman, R. Andrew Archbold, Gérard Helft, Elizabeth A. Paul, Nicholas P. Curzen, Peter G. Mills
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Atrial fibrillation (AF) occurs in 20% to 40% of patients after CABG. Identification of patients vulnerable for arrhythmia will allow targeting of those most likely to benefit from prophylactic therapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate accuracy of a prospectively defined signal-averaged P-wave duration (SAPD) cutoff and additional preoperative characteristics for the prediction of AF after CABG. Methods and Results —Patients undergoing elective isolated CABG were recruited to the present prospective study. SAPD was recorded in all patients. Filtered signals from 3 orthogonal leads were combined in a vector analysis, and total SAPD was measured preoperatively. Postoperative in-hospital AF occurred in 92 (28.2%) of 326 patients. Patients who developed AF were older (65.9 versus 61.7 years of age; P &lt;0.0005) and had longer SAPD (158 versus 145 ms; P &lt;0.0005) than non-AF patients. Incidence of AF increased in patients ≥75 years of age and increased progressively throughout the range of SAPD. Stepwise logistic regression analysis of preoperative variables identified that SAPD &gt;155 ms (odds ratio, 5.37; 95% CI, 3.10 to 9.30; P &lt;0.0005), advanced age (odds ratio, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.86 per 5-year increase in age; P &lt;0.0005), and male sex (odds ratio, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.30 to 6.40; P &lt;0.01) independently predicted AF. Prospectively defined SAPD &gt;155 ms predicted AF with positive and negative predictive accuracy of 49% and 84%, respectively. Conclusions —A combination of prolonged SAPD, advanced age, and male sex identifies patients at high risk for development of AF after CABG.
Abstract 333: ZBP-89 downregulates histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) through inhibition of I kappa B in hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC)
Authors: Paul B. Lai, Cai-Guo Ye, Liping Liu, Ming-Liang He, Rocky Ho, George G. Chen
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background Histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) is frequently overexpressed in hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC) and its inhibition enhances the efficacy of anti-HCC chemotherapy. ZBP-89 is known to induce apoptosis via an increase of pro-apoptotic Bak. But the relationship between ZBP-89 and HDAC3 is largely unknown. Method Human HCC cell lines PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2 were cultured in Minimum Essential Medium and treated with various agents to modulate NF-κB. These agents included CAY10576 and MG132 (which are inhibitors of I kappa B (IκB) degradation) as well as SN50 (an inhibitor of p65/p50 translocation). A xenograft tumor model was established by subcutaneous injection of HCC PLC/PRF/5 cells into nude mice and this model was used to confirm data obtained in HCC cell culture experiments. The expressions of relevant proteins were measured by Western blot or/and immunohistochemical staining. Results Our results showed that ZBP-89 reduced the expression of HDAC3 in HCC cells. ZBP-89 could form a complex with IκB and induce the phosphorylation of IκB, which inhibited IκB. Furthermore, ZBP-89-mediated HDAC3 reduction could be suppressed by IκB degradation inhibitors CAY10576 and MG132 but not NF-κB subunit p65/p50 translocation inhibitor SN50. These findings indicate that IκB decreases rather than increases the activity of NF-κB; and such may be involved in the ZBP-89-mediated HDAC3 reduction. In the HCC xenograft model, it was confirmed that the expression of HDAC3, measured by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot, was reduced in HCC with ZBP-89 overexpression, compared with the control. In contrast to HDAC3, ZBP-89 enhanced the expression of Bak. Conclusion ZBP-89 downregulates HDAC3 by decreasing IκB rather than elevating activity of NF-κB. This novel pathway identified helps us understand more the mechanism of ZBP-89-mediated inhibition of HCC. Citation Format: Paul B. Lai, Cai-Guo Ye, Liping Liu, Ming-Liang He, Rocky Ho, George G. Chen. ZBP-89 downregulates histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) through inhibition of I kappa B in hepatocelluar carcinoma (HCC). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 333. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-333
Telomere length in myelodysplastic syndromes
Authors: J. Boultwood, C. Fidler, R. Kusec, K. Rack, P.J. W. Elliott, O. Atoyebi, R. Chapman, D. G. Oscier, J. S. Wainscoat
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1997)

We have studied telomere length in the bone marrow cells or the granulocyte and lymphocyte cell fractions of 54 patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) by Southern blot hybridization using the (TTAGGG)4 probe. The average telomere length expressed as the peak telomere repeat array (TRA) in the peripheral blood, or bone marrow samples obtained from a group of 21 healthy age-matched controls (26–89 years old, mean age 55), ranged between 7.5 and 9.5 kb (mean peak TRA 8.6 kb). Twenty-four patients with refractory anemia (RA) were studied; 10/24 (42%) had telomere reduction (<7.5 kb) relative to age-matched controls and the mean peak TRA was 7.5 kb (range 4.0–9.0 kb). Eleven patients with RA with excess blasts (RAEB) were studied; 5/11 (45%) had reduced telomeres relative to age-matched controls and the mean peak TRA was 7.1 kb (range 5.0–9.0 kb). Eighteen patients with MDS in transformation to AML, comprising 15 with RAEB in transformation (RAEBt) and 3 with CMML in transformation (CMMLt), were also studied. Thirteen of eighteen patients (72%) had telomere reduction relative to age-matched controls and the mean peak TRA was 6.1 kb (range 3.5–9.0 kb). Thirty-six patients included in the study had either a normal karyotype or a simple karyotype (1 karyotypic change) and 20/36 (55%) of these had telomere reduction and the mean peak TRA was 7.1 kb (range 4.3–9.0 kb); 8 patients had a complex karyotype (3 or more karyotypic changes) and 5/8 (62%) of these had telomere reduction and the mean peak TRA was 6.1 kb (range 3.5–9.0 kb). We conclude, firstly that there is heterogeneity of telomere length in MDS and that this is observed throughout the spectrum of FAB-subtypes. Secondly, these data show that a marked reduction in telomere length in MDS if often associated with leukemic transformation and with the presence of complex karyotypic abnormalities. Am. J. Hematol. 56:266–271, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
THE GERMICIDAL ACTION OF HYDROXY SOAPS
Authors: Arnold H. Eggerth
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1929)

1. The alpha-hydroxy soaps exhibit a high germicidal action toward certain organisms. As with other soaps, the germicidal action increases with molecular weight to a maximum, then diminishes. The pH effects the germicidal action as it does other soaps. 2. Certain alpha-hydroxy soaps give two distinct germicidal zones with Staphylococcus aureus. 3. The effect of the hydroxyl group in saturated soaps is to increase selective germicidal action; the effect of the hydroxyl group in an unsaturated soap is to diminish it. 4. The soaps offer a means of separating mixtures of organisms by selective germicidal action.
T and B Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood and Tissue Lesions in Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Norman Talal, Robert A. Sylvester, Troy E. Daniels, John S. Greenspan, Ralph C. Williams
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1974)

Lymphocyte heterogeneity was studied in peripheral blood and salivary gland lesions in 24 patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Peripheral blood B cells, measured by immunofluorescence with specific antiserum to immunoglobulins or by rosette assay with complementcoated erythrocytes, were increased in most patients. Peripheral blood T cells, measured by immunofluorescence with rabbit antiserum to human thymocytes or by rosette assay with sheep erythrocytes, were reduced in eight patients. Three had associated rheumatoid arthritis, two had a generalized lymphoproliferative disorder, and one each had scleroderma, systemic lupus erythematosus, and neuropathy. The salivary gland lymphocytic infiltrates present in labial biopsy specimens were compared in 10 patients using an indirect immunofluorescent method with anti-human T cell serum and a quantitative focus-scoring method. In general, there was a correlation between the number of T cells and the extent of the infiltrate. Striking accumulations of T cells were present in some patients, but clusters of presumed B cells were also seen. These results indicate an increase in peripheral blood B cells in most patients, a decrease in T cells in some, and a mixed T and B cell infiltrate in the salivary gland lesions.
111. Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin by Small Interfering RNAs (siRNA)
Authors: Pedro E. Cruz, Alexandra Golant, Terence R. Flotte
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) is a serum serine protease inhibitor that counteracts the effects of neutrophil-derived proinflammatory proteins. Several mutant AAT alleles result in AAT deficiency with either chronic obstructive lung disease, chronic liver disease, or both. PiZ is the most common mutant allele of AAT. A Gln to Lys change of the protein and impaired secretion from hepatocytes. The lack of secreted AAT leads to lung disease in a majority of patients, which is primarily due to the unopposed action of neutrophil products on the extracellular matrix in the lung. Meanwhile, the accumulation of Z mutant AAT in hepatocytes contributes to chronic liver disease in a smaller percentage of patients with this allele. Thus, replacement of the wild-type (M) AAT is the primary strategy to treat the lung disease, while down-regulation of mutant (Z) AAT would likely be needed to ameliorate the liver disease.
London's elderly get poor deal
Authors: J. Waters
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Admission rates for older people in deprived districts of inner London are up to 15% lower than for similar areas in the rest of the country, a new study has found.

The Health and Care of Older People in London , a report to the King's Fund London Commission prepared by Tony Warnes, professor of social gerontology at the University of Sheffield, also reveals that older residents of inner London occupied around a fifth fewer beds than …
Abstract 5285: Protein phosphatases modulate kinase signaling mediated Wnt activation
Authors: Debasish Boral, Daotai Nie
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Multiple growth factors, signaling through their respective kinase cascades, phosphorylate beta-catenin at specific Serine residues to cause its nuclear sequestration thereby fueling Wnt driven tumor cell proliferation. Our present work identifies a group of phosphatase genes that attenuate such growth factor mediated activation of Wnt signaling in colo-rectal cancer (CRC) cells. This proposed mechanism proposes an additional mode of regulation of Wnt activity in CRC cells. Using a lentiviral TCF-LEF reporter system, we isolated distinct SW480 (primary) and SW620 (metastatic) cell fractions based on their endogenous level of Wnt activity. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) antibody arrays using cell lysates from these cell fractions identified that FGFR3, ALK and RET signaling pathways have a positive correlation with enhanced Wnt activity. Simultaneously qPCR arrays performed on these same cellular fractions identified a total of 10 phosphatase genes whose expression levels are significantly decreased with heightened Wnt activity, out of which 4 genes PHLPP, PHLPPL, PTPRK and PTPN6 are known to regulate the aforementioned RTK pathways. Of these phosphatase genes, PTPRK has been reported to undergo gene fusion events with RSPO3 (a non-canonical activator of Wnt) in CRC patients. Since the fusion gene product provides no additional Wnt activation that the wild-type RSPO3, we theorized that these fusion events occur either to allow CRC cells to utilize the enhanced promoter activity of the PTPRK gene promoter, or to nullify the Wnt attenuating properties of PTPRK. To test this hypothesis, we have presently cloned and identified PTPRK and RSPO3 gene promoter regions and wish to test their activity in distinct Wnt responsive cell fractions. Our work will allow a better understanding of how phosphatase genes may be involved in controlling the Wnt pathway and how their inactivation may contribute to CRC cell proliferation. Citation Format: Debasish Boral, Daotai Nie. Protein phosphatases modulate kinase signaling mediated Wnt activation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5285. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5285
“Arrogant doctors” not to blame for variability in drug prescribing
Authors: Bruno Rushforth
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The national cancer director, Professor Mike Richards, defended doctors against the charge that their “arrogance” was to blame for the variability in cancer drug prescribing, when he appeared before the Public Accounts Select Committee last week.

Gerry Steinberg, Labour MP for the City of Durham, said that, in his view, doctors were “very arrogant” and that variability in prescribing was due to the fact that they thought they “knew best.”

But Professor Richards denied the charge. “The culture among doctors has changed from one of paternalism to working in partnership with patients,” …
Sustained mental stress alters human jejunal motor activity.
Authors: S McRae, K Younger, D G Thompson, D L Wingate
Journal: Gut (1982)

The effect of prolonged mental stress on upper small bowel motility was studied in 11 healthy, medical students using a pressure-sensitive radio-pill. During eight hours of continuous observation, subjects were stressed for four hours with a modified dichotomous listening test. During the first two hours of stress, inhibition of fasting motor complexes occurred and this effect was marked in the seven subjects who showed an appreciable cardiovascular response to stress.
Ca2+ Requirements for Cerebellar Long-Term Synaptic Depression: Role for a Postsynaptic Leaky Integrator
Authors: Keiko Tanaka, Leonard Khiroug, Fidel Santamaria, Tomokazu Doi, Hideaki Ogasawara, Graham C.R. Ellis-Davies, Mitsuo Kawato, George J. Augustine
Journal: Neuron (2007)
The Ideal of Medicine
Authors: W. H. Broadbent
Journal: BMJ (1876)

AFTER reference to the affairs of the Society during his year of office, Dr. Broadbent proceeded to deliver the address.The object of this, as set before their President by the Society, being the advancement of medical science, he had been led to consider what it was to which medi- cal science was advancing, and thus to inquire what ideal medicine would be.
NICE issues guideline to prevent falls in elderly people
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Elderly people should be asked about falls and those at risk should be offered multifactorial assessment and appropriate interventions, a clinical guideline published this week for the NHS in England and Wales recommends.

The guideline, developed by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), and the National Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Supportive Care (based at the Royal College of Nursing), makes recommendations about the care of elderly people in the community or extended care for those either who have had a fall or who are considered at risk of falling.

It acknowledges that the major risk factors for falling are diverse, but it suggests that many of them—balance impairment, muscle weakness, excessive or suboptimal medication use, and environmental hazards—can be changed. Local health communities are asked to …
Hazards in the use of diphencyprone
Authors: M. Shah, F. M. Lewis, A. G. Messenger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Journal Article Hazards in the use of diphencyprone Get access M. Shah, M. Shah Department of Dermatology Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield S102JF. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. M. Lewis, F. M. Lewis Department of Dermatology Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield S102JF. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. G. Messenger A. G. Messenger Department of Dermatology Royal Hallamshire Hospital Sheffield S102JF. U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 134, Issue 6, 1 June 1996, Page 1153, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1996.tb07966.x Published: 01 June 1996
The Republican and Democratic Candidates Speak on Health Care
Authors: Jeffrey M. Drazen, George W. Bush, Al Gore
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Dear Vice President Gore and Governor Bush:Medical care and issues related to it are of vital interest to all Americans. As we approach the presidential election, physicians across the country are concerned about how the federal government influences their ability to deliver the highest quality of care to their patients. Although much has been said about health care, there are very few specific answers to important questions. As it has done before,1,2 the Journal would like to publish the views of the Democratic and Republican presidential nominees on health care. We therefore invite each of you to respond . . .
Healing the Hiroshima Maidens: A Historic Lesson in International Cooperation
Authors: M. Gaie
Journal: JAMA (1996)

THE AUGUST 6,1945, atomic bombing of Hiroshima did more than destroy the city and kill at least 100 000 of its inhabitants: it also forever changed the lives of the survivors and their progeny. Years of rebuilding and recriminations followed this single act of destruction. Particularly tragic was the number of civilians who were killed and maimed, many suffering horrifying injuries that handicapped and disfigured them. In 1955, a few compassionate and well-connected Japanese and Americans worked together to heal some of the survivors' physical and psychological wounds, creating in the process lasting bonds of friendship and collegiality that continue to this day. Through a series of diplomatic maneuvers and a few strokes of luck, 25 badly burned young women, the "Hiroshima Maidens," were able to come to the United States for plastic surgery to ameliorate some of the damage done by the bomb. <h3>'Hoping for a Miracle'</h3> Shigeko Niimoto
Gastroduodenal Metastases - an Unusual Initial Manifestation of Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Authors: G. Börsch, G. Schmidt, J. Sperling, H. Grauthoff, E. Böhm
Journal: Endoscopy (1984)

A 75-year-old woman with multiple polypoid lesions in the gastroduodenum, and one large gastric ulceration all representing large-cell type carcinoma is described. Radiologic and fiberbronchoscopic, together with other clinical findings suggested bronchogenic carcinoma as the primary tumor. Metastatic gastric involvement is an uncommon feature of primary bronchogenic carcinoma, rarely attaining clinical significance. In our patient, gastric symptoms represented the initial clinical manifestation of hitherto undetected bronchogenic cancer disease.
TCT-566 GEOGRAPHICAL MISS OF STENT IS ASSOCIATED WITH PLAQUE VOLUME, VULNERABLE PLAQUE AND MAJOR ADVERSE CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS
Authors: Patrick A. Calvert, Cathy Jaworski, Adam J. Brown, Liam M. McCormick, Stephen P. Hoole, Nick E. West, Martin R. Bennett
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Hyperplastic polyposis syndrome and the risk of colorectal cancer: Table 1
Authors: Janina Orlowska
Journal: Gut (2011)

I read with great interest the two reports by Boparai and coworkers in Gut on the increased risk of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) in 77 hyperplastic/serrated polyposis syndrome (HPS) patients during follow-up1 and in 347 HPS first-degree relatives (FDRs).2 To date, follow-ups have been performed in only 43/308 (14.0%) HPS patients and HPS coexistence with CRC in FDRs has been analysed in only 29/308 (9.4%) HPS patients described up to the end of 2009 (table 1).

View this table:

Table 1 
CRC in HPS patients in the literature review from 1977 to the end of 2009* in comparison with the studies by Boparai et al in 20101 2



Nevertheless, there are some points to be explained:

1.  The term ‘(sessile) serrated adenoma’ should be abbreviated as SSA, instead of SA (serrated adenoma). SSA, characterised by abnormal …
In Vivo Pressure-Radius Relationships of the Pulmonary Artery in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: JAY M. M. JARMAKANI, THOMAS P. GRAHAM, D. WOODROW BENSON, RAMON V. CANENT, JOSEPH C. GREENFIELD
Journal: Circulation (1971)

The effects of either increased pulmonary artery blood flow or pressure on the magnitude of the radius and the dynamic properties of the right pulmonary artery were studied angiographically in 162 patients during cardiac catheterization. Patients were divided into seven groups according to their hemodynamic findings. The right pulmonary artery radius was measured during systole and diastole, from the projected films, at the midpoint between the bifurcation of the main pulmonary artery and the bifurcation of the right pulmonary artery. The mean pulmonary artery radius was increased in patients with either increased pulmonary blood flow or pressure, and in patients with isolated valvular pulmonic stenosis. Both the pressure-strain elastic modulus (stiffness index) and the tension-radius regression were different from normal only in patients with increased pulmonary artery pressure regardless of the pulmonary blood flow. This finding indicates that the pulmonary artery is stiffer in patients with pulmonary hypertension but that its elastic properties are not altered secondarily to increased blood flow.
Bitter, Bitter Tears: Nineteenth-Century Diarists and Twentieth-Century Grief Theories
Authors: Dorothy M. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1984)

That the pathology of grief was understood in the past by poets and others can be seen in Henry King's verse of 1657: "Sleep on my Love, in thy cold bed.... Till age, or grief, or sickness, must/Marry my body to that dust." Current psychiatric practice recognizes that bereavement, which is the normal reaction to grief and mourning, if not resolved can lead to a chronic state of mental illness. Chronic depression is manifest periodically in relation to anniversaries or other reawakenings of memories of the original grief. This book deals with a study of the problem of grief as manifested in the writings of 56 Canadian and United States 19th-Century diarists. The writings are analyzed in the light of their contribution to 20th-century theories of grief and separation. The study is by a sociologist, and from that point of view, conclusions concern the process of grief rather than the
When to Perform Bone Scan in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Prostate Cancer: External Validation of the Currently Available Guidelines and Proposal of a Novel Risk Stratification Tool
Authors: Alberto Briganti, Niccolò Passoni, Matteo Ferrari, Umberto Capitanio, Nazareno Suardi, Andrea Gallina, Luigi Filippo Da Pozzo, Maria Picchio, Valerio Di Girolamo, Andrea Salonia, Liugi Gianolli, Cristina Messa, Patrizio Rigatti, Francesco Montorsi
Journal: European Urology (2009)
Triamcinolone acetonide and fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal sprays significantly improve nasal airflow in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis
Authors: C.L. Gallet, E.O. Meltzer, A.A. Jalowayski, P.M. Diener, Y. Liao, G.C. Georges
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)