tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effects of EMD 57033 on Contraction and Relaxation in Isolated Rabbit Hearts
Authors: Akihiro Hgashiyama, Matthew W. Watkins, Zengyi Chen, Martin M. LeWinter
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background Ca 2+ sensitizers are reported to enhance contractility with modest effects on energy utilization. In the present study we assessed the effects of the relatively “pure” Ca 2+ sensitizer EMD 57033 on mechanical performance and energy consumption in the beating heart. Methods and Results In 10 isolated, red blood cell–perfused rabbit hearts the effects of EMD 57033 (5.0 to 5.8 μmol/L) on left ventricular (LV) pressure and O 2 consumption (V̇ o 2 ) were examined at heart rates of 100 and 150 beats per minute (bpm) and perfusate [Ca 2+ ] ([Ca 2+ ] o ) of 2.5 and 1.0 mmol/L (isovolumic contractions). LV developed pressure and maximum dP/dt increased, but less so at 150 bpm or 1.0 mmol/L [Ca 2+ ] o . End-diastolic pressure also increased, more so at 150 bpm or 1.0 mmol/L [Ca 2+ ] o . EMD 57033 decreased time to peak isovolumic pressure (T max ) and prolonged time to 50% pressure decline (T 1/2 ). These changes were greater at slower heart rate or lower [Ca 2+ ] o . The magnitude of increased V̇ o 2 with EMD 57033 was greater at 100 bpm than 150 bpm but unaffected by [Ca 2+ ] o . We then investigated the influence of ejection on the response to EMD 57033 (n=7). The increase in developed pressure with EMD 57033 was greater for ejecting than isovolumic beats (25.5±10.2 versus 14.7±7.5 mm Hg at 100 bpm, P &lt;.01), while the increase in end-diastolic pressure was less ( P =NS). The increase in V̇ o 2 was significantly greater for ejecting than isovolumic beats (0.027±0.013 versus 0.020±0.009 mL O 2 /beat per 100 g at 100 bpm, P &lt;.01). Conclusions EMD 57033 enhances contractility and prolongs relaxation. Its effects are modulated by heart rate, [Ca 2+ ] o , and contraction mode, with positive inotropic effects being more prominent for ejecting beats.
Prolonged Exposure vs Supportive Counseling for Sexual Abuse–Related PTSD in Adolescent Girls
Authors: Edna B. Foa, Carmen P. McLean, Sandra Capaldi, David Rosenfield
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have not been established for adolescents despite high prevalence of PTSD in this population.To examine the effects of counselor-delivered prolonged exposure therapy compared with supportive counseling for adolescents with PTSD.A single-blind, randomized clinical trial of 61 adolescent girls with PTSD using a permuted block design. Counselors previously naive to prolonged exposure therapy provided the treatments in a community mental health clinic. Data collection lasted from February 2006 through March 2012.Participants received fourteen 60- to 90-minute sessions of prolonged exposure therapy (n = 31) or supportive counseling (n = 30).All outcomes were assessed before treatment, at mid-treatment, and after treatment and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. The primary outcome, PTSD symptom severity, was assessed by the Child PTSD Symptom Scale-Interview (range, 0-51; higher scores indicate greater severity). Secondary outcomes were presence or absence of PTSD diagnosis assessed by the DSM-IV Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children and functioning assessed by the Children's Global Assessment Scale (range, 1-100; higher scores indicate better functioning). Additional secondary measures, PTSD severity assessed by the Child PTSD Symptom Scale-Self-Report (range, 0-51; higher scores indicate greater severity) and depression severity assessed by the Children's Depression Inventory (range, 0-54; higher scores indicate greater severity), were also assessed weekly during treatment.Data were analyzed as intent to treat. During treatment, participants receiving prolonged exposure demonstrated greater improvement on the PTSD symptom severity scale (difference between treatments in improvement, 7.5; 95% CI, 2.5-12.5; P < .001) and on all secondary outcomes (loss of PTSD diagnosis: difference, 29.3%, 95% CI, 20.2%-41.2%; P = .01; self-reported PTSD severity: difference, 6.2; 95% CI, 1.2-11.2; P = .02; depression: difference, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.6-8.2; P = .008; global functioning: difference, 10.1; 95% CI, 3.4-16.8; P = .008). These treatment differences were maintained through the 12-month follow-up: for interviewer-assessed PTSD (difference, 6.0; 95% CI, 1.6-10.4; P = .02), loss of PTSD diagnosis (difference, 31.1; 95% CI, 14.7-34.8; P = .01), self-reported PTSD (difference, 9.3; 95% CI, 1.2-16.5; P = .02), depression (difference, 7.2; 95% CI, 1.4-13.0; P = .02), and global functioning (difference, 11.2; 95% CI, 4.5-17.9; P = .01).Adolescents girls with sexual abuse-related PTSD experienced greater benefit from prolonged exposure therapy than from supportive counseling even when delivered by counselors who typically provide supportive counseling.clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00417300.
Reciprocal regulation of cultured human mast cell cytokine production by IL-4 and IFN-γ
Authors: Hiroshi Tachimoto, Motohiro Ebisawa, Tomohide Hasegawa, Tomoko Kashiwabara, Chisei Ra, Bruce S. Bochner, Katsushi Miura, Hirohisa Saito
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)
Hypertrophic Scar Formation Following Burns and Trauma: New Approaches to Treatment
Authors: Shahram Aarabi, Michael T Longaker, Geoffrey C Gurtner
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2007)

Hypertrophic scar formation is a major clinical problem in the developing and industrialized injuries, and surgical procedures can give rise to exuberant scarring that resaults in permanent functional loss and the stigma of disfigurement. Figure 1 illustrates the scope of the problem. Annually, over 1 million people require treatment for burns in the United States [1], 2 million are injured in motor vehicle accidents [2], and over 34 million related surgical procedures are performed [3]. Although the incidence of hypertrophic scarring following these types of injuries is not known, it is a common outcome that creates a problem of enormous magnitude. Treatment of these cases is estimated to cost at least $4 billion per annum in the US alone [4]. The incidence of burns and traumatic injuries is even greater in the developing world [5]. This review will examine the process of hypertrophic scar formation, the results of current treatments, and areas likely to lead to significant advances in the field.



Figure 1

Complications of Hypertrophic Scarring
Mutations in the human Jagged1 gene are responsible for Alagille syndrome
Authors: Takaya Oda, Abdel G. Elkahloun, Brian L. Pike, Kazuki Okajima, Ian D. Krantz, Anna Genin, David A. Piccoli, Paul S. Meltzer, Nancy B. Spinner, Francis S. Collins, Settara C. Chandrasekharappa
Journal: Nature Genetics (1997)
BMA appeals for release of Canadian doctor held in Egypt
Authors: S. Arie
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The BMA has joined thousands of individuals and several organisations calling for the release of two Canadians, one of them a doctor, who have been detained in Egypt without charges since 16 August.1

Tarek Loubani, assistant professor of emergency medicine at the University of Western Ontario, and John Greyson, a …
Absence of Cerebral Atrophy in Chronic Cannabis Users
Authors: Ben T. Co
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON CELLS FOUND IN YELLOW FEVER BLOOD, WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR ETIOLOGIC AND DIAGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE.
Authors: O. L. POTHIER
Journal: JAMA (1905)

A careful study of yellow fever blood has shown the regular occurrence of certain cells hitherto either unnoticed or not described, which seem to be undergoing developmental changes and which can be demonstrated in the stomach of a recently infected-stegomyia. These cells are entirely extracellular, though occasionally some are seen lying on the red cells; on one occasion one was distinctly seen lying within the protoplasm of a polymorpho-neutrophilic leucocyte. They occur, as a rule, alone, though two or more may sometimes be noticed lying indefinitely grouped. They vary in size from twice the diameter of a pneumococcus to one-fourth the diameter of a red cell, and vary in shape from an ovoid to a sphere, and oft times come to a focus in a higher plane than the surrounding red cells. When stained they show, as a class, a highly granular neutrophilic protoplasm surrounding a nucleus which contains one
Detection of CBFβ/MYH11 fusion transcripts in acute myeloid leukemia: heterogeneity of cytological and molecular characteristics
Authors: R Costello, D Sainty, P Lecine, A Cusenier, M-J Mozziconacci, C Arnoulet, D Maraninchi, J-A Gastaut, J Imbert, M Lafage-Pochitaloff, J Gabert
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
Anthony (“Tony”) Neville Gordon Clark
Authors: Helen Watson
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Professor of surgery who developed evidence based surgery and medical ethicsAlan Johnson rose rapidly through the ranks of academic surgery to become reader in surgery at Charing Cross Hospital in 1971, a post he held until moving to the chair in surgery in Sheffield in 1979.He combined excellence in surgical skills, sharp scientific aptitude, a rigorous approach to developing evidence based surgery, and a strong interest in medical ethics.He translated these interests into a body of published work which made an important contribution to the disciplines of gastroduodenal motility, hepatobiliary and upper gastrointestinal surgery, randomised surgical trials, and medical ethics.In total, he edited or authored 10 textbooks, over 35 book chapters, and almost 200 original publications.Two of his books were published after his retirement, including a text on surgical palliative care, and his last book, entitled Making Sense of Medical Ethics and written jointly with his son Paul, was completed a month before his death.He published prospective randomised trials evaluating the role of lithotripsy in the treatment of gallstones and a trial comparing laparoscopic with mini-and evaluated new techniques throughout his surgical career and latterly had been a pioneer in the surgical treatment of obesity.
Suppression of ventricular ectopic depolarizations by tocainide.
Authors: R L Woosley, D G McDevitt, A S Nies, R F Smith, G R Wilkinson, J A Oates
Journal: Circulation (1977)

In a previous clinical study we demonstrated that tocainide is effective in the suppression of ventricular ectopic depolarizations (VEDs) after single oral doses. This information provided the basis for evaluating this drug's antiarrhythmic efficacy after multiple dose administration according to a loading-maintenance regimen. Twelve patients with stable VEDs were given loading doses of tocainide (400-600 mg) with maintenance doses every 12 hours. Every 48 hours the dose was increased until either arrhythmia suppression to less than 25% of VED frequency during placebo administration or side effects occurred. Computer analysis of 12-hr telemetric ECGs taken 24-36 hr after each dosage increment documented effective suppression (76-95%) in 8 of 12 patients. Those subjects demonstrating suppression were randomly assigned to a cross-over study of placebo or active drug at the dosage found effective in the dose-ranging phase. Dosages for the cross-over stage ranged from 400 to 1100 mg every 12 hours. Comparison of the two five-day periods documented suppression in these patients (mean +/- SE = 83.3 +/- 4%). No serious side effects or undue drug accumulation occurred during the study. The data indicate that tocainide can effectively suppress VEDs for 8-12 hours in many patients and that continuous suppression could be possible on an 8-12 hr dosage regimen.
The Country Doctor.
Authors: C. Barlow
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Eaton, Ill., July 18, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In view of the restlessness that sometimes exists among country doctors, and their desire to remove to the cities; and in view of what has been said recently in theJournalin regard to the city doctor, post-graduate schools and teachers, I desire to say a few words about the country doctor and his environments. In the first place, his field of operation is small and the possibility of his becoming famous is almost<i>nil</i>; but his usefulness in his locality is incalculable, and his living sure. He may not become rich in the common acceptation of the term, but he is generally —almost invariably in fact—in comparatively good circumstances. He is also an important member of society and his advice is sought for and generally appreciated, on all questions of general importance, or of public interest. He is the protector of
Simvastatin Impairs Exercise Training Adaptations
Authors: Catherine R. Mikus, Leryn J. Boyle, Sarah J. Borengasser, Douglas J. Oberlin, Scott P. Naples, Justin Fletcher, Grace M. Meers, Meghan Ruebel, M. Harold Laughlin, Kevin C. Dellsperger, Paul J. Fadel, John P. Thyfault
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Acquisition of Typhoid Fever from Proficiency-Testing Specimens
Authors: Marion B. Holmes, Doris L. Johnson, Nicholas J. Fiumara, William M. McCormack
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

The clinical laboratory has a pivotal role in the delivery of medical care. Excellence in clinical laboratories has long been an aim of the Massachusetts Department of Public Health. To this end, the State Laboratory Institute has had an active Laboratory Improvement Program since 1939. In addition to providing training programs and consultations, the Laboratory Improvement Program conducted proficiency testing, a procedure that involves the periodic receipt and examination of unknown simulated clinical specimens. The voluntary program was well received by Massachusetts laboratories, over 300 of which elected to receive proficiency-testing specimens before the program was phased out at the . . .
Commercial sector has much to offer in improving health, says England's chief medical officer
Authors: C. White
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Insects use feedback from a variety of sensory modalities, including mechanoreceptors on their antennae, to stabilize the direction and speed of flight. Like all arthropod appendages, antennae not only supply sensory information but may also be actively positioned by control muscles. However, how flying insects move their antennae during active turns and how such movements might influence steering responses are currently unknown. Here we examined the antennal movements of flying <i>Drosophila</i> during visually induced turns in a tethered flight arena. In response to both rotational and translational patterns of visual motion, <i>Drosophila</i> actively moved their antennae in a direction opposite to that of the visual motion. We also observed two types of passive antennal movements: small tonic deflections of the antenna and rapid oscillations at wing beat frequency. These passive movements are likely the result of wing-induced airflow and increased in magnitude when the angular distance between the wing and the antenna decreased. In response to rotational visual motion, increases in passive antennal movements appear to trigger a reflex that reduces the stroke amplitude of the contralateral wing, thereby enhancing the visually induced turn. Although the active antennal movements significantly increased antennal oscillation by bringing the arista closer to the wings, it did not significantly affect the turning response in our head-fixed, tethered flies. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that flying <i>Drosophila</i> use mechanosensory feedback to detect changes in the wing induced airflow during visually induced turns and that this feedback plays a role in regulating the magnitude of steering responses.
Blood-Component Therapy
Authors: MARVIN GARRELL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Letters, Comments, and Corrections1 September 1972Blood-Component TherapyMARVIN GARRELL, M.D.MARVIN GARRELL, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-77-3-484 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Dr. Westphal has given us an excellent discussion in the June issue (p. 987) on the rational reasons why not to use whole blood. Year in and year out, since 1963, similar papers have appeared in our leading journals, which in essence present the criteria of transfusion practice. Why then another paper such as that of Dr. Westphal? Simply because as physicians we do not examine our practice by current criteria. Having not examined our practice, how then can we know that we do know and how then can we know that we must change. If in...References1. BOWENBOWIEDIETSHIME CEP: The Diagnosis of Bleeding Disorders. Boston, Little, Brown and Co., 1969, pp. 186-191 Google Scholar2. HILL N: Fresh blood: myth and reality. Wadley Med Bull 1:79-86, 1971 Google Scholar1. BOWIETHOMPSONOWEN EJC: The stability of antihemophilic globulin and labile factor in human blood. Mayo Clin Proc 39:144-150, 1964 MedlineGoogle Scholar2. SOULIERLARRIEUWARTELLE JMO: Modifications des facteurs de coagulation dans le plasma et le sang conservé. Sem Hop Paris 30:3117-3130, 1954 MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MARVIN GARRELL, M.D.Affiliations: Department of Medicine St. Vincent's Hospital Bridgeport, Conn. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1972Volume 77, Issue 3Page: 484-485KeywordsBlood ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON THE OCCURRENCE OF RHEUMATIC MANIFESTATIONS IN THE FAMILIES OF RHEUMATIC PATIENTS
Authors: Ross L. Gauld, Antonio Ciocco, Frances E. M. Read
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1939)

In a previous paper (1) the frequency of rheumatic manifestations was shown to be significantly higher among the near relatives of a series of children affected with rheumatic disease than among the corresponding relatives of a control series of non-rheumatic children.The findings were not conclusive, but did suggest that inherited predisposition may be an important factor in the development of the disease, and indicated the need for further investigation.The purpose of this article is to present additional facts bearing on this subject. MATERIAL AND METHODSThe data upon which this report is based con- sist of the medical histories of 96 consecutive ad- missions of white children to the Cardiac Clinic of the Harriet Lane Home because of some rheu- matic manifestation, and of 33 white children ex- amined in the Tuberculosis Clinic of the Harriet Lane Home.The histories include a careful epi- demiological study of the immediate families of these children, and the families of their parents, so that accurate information is available regarding the rheumatic history of the patients and their sib- lings, parents, grandparents, uncles, and aunts.The children admitted to the clinics, and who are responsible for the inclusion of their respective families in the study, are denominated " index cases" to distinguish them from their relatives who enter the study because of their relationship to these cases.In this paper, as in the preceding one, a rheumatic manifestation is defined as either chorea, rheumatic fever, or rheumatic carditis.All index 'Acknowledgment is made by the authors of the in- spiration and advice of the late Dr. W. H. Frost who guided the early stages of this study.
OBSERVATIONS ON THE PRECIPITIN REACTION FOR SYPHILIS
Authors: WILLSON B. MOODY
Journal: JAMA (1923)

From time to time, numerous discrepancies in the Wassermann test for syphilis have been reported, and though standardization of the test has been many times attempted, no method of standardization is as yet generally accepted. To meet this difficulty, several precipitation tests have been developed, the latest and simplest being that of Kahn, 1 modified by Herrold. 2   The latter test is even more simple and economical than the Kahn test. It is based on the formation of a ring of precipitation of antigen when in contact with serum from a patient with syphilis. To determine the value of this precipitation reaction in the diagnosis of syphilis, parallel observations on Wassermann and precipitin tests have been made.  The antigen used was prepared according to the method described by Kahn. For the test, the antigen is diluted rapidly 1: 10 or 1: 12 with physiologic sodium chlorid solution, as outlined by
Morphology of atopic eczema
Authors: NICHOLAS A. SOTER
Journal: Allergy (1989)

The routine examination of skin biopsy specimens embedded in paraffin and strained with hematoxylin-eosin has failed to allow differentiation of atopic eczema from other types of eczematous dermatitis. The use of 1-micron plastic-embedded sections permits the recognition of infiltrating cell types and blood vessel alterations, thus allowing a refined method to examine cutaneous lesions and permit better definition of cutaneous structures than can be achieved in routinely-processed specimens. Acute vesicular lesions exhibited marked epidermal intercellular edema (spongiosis) and a dermal inflammatory infiltrate of lymphocytes, and activated lymphocytes with normal numbers of mast cells that exhibited various degrees of hypogranulation. Only rare eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils were noted. Venular alterations included endothelial cell hypertrophy without necrosis. In lichenified plaques there was epidermal hyperplasia with a dermal inflammatory infiltrate that included increased numbers of fully granulated mast cells and increased numbers of lymphocytes and monocyte-macrophages. Alterations of venules included marked endothelial cell hypertrophy and basement membrane thickening. Cutaneous nerves exhibited demyelination and fibrosis. Also, increased numbers of Langerhans' cells have been noted in the epidermis of chronic lesions. Despite the absence of eosinophils, major basic protein has been demonstrated in the dermis by direct immunofluorescence techniques. Studies of lymphocyte subsets have shown increased numbers of CD4+ T lymphocytes.
WARNING AGAINST THE INDIA-INK METHOD FOR THE SPIROCHÆTA PALLIDA
Authors: JOSEPH H. BARACH
Journal: JAMA (1910)

during loading or shoveling, and, as every physician knows, the most efficacious way of administering nitro¬ glycerin is to dissolve the triturate in the mouth.An- oiher way of absorbing this poison is through the skin.Hence, these miners complain of headache, palpitation