tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Delayed maturation of CD4- CD8- Fc gamma RII/III+ T and natural killer cell precursors in Fc epsilon RI gamma transgenic mice.
Authors: V Flamand, E W Shores, T Tran, K Huang, E Lee, A Grinberg, J P Kinet, P E Love
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Fc epsilon RI gamma (gamma) is a member of a group of related proteins (the zeta-family dimers) that function as signal-transducing components of both Fc receptors and the T cell antigen receptor (TCR). Analysis of gamma expression during fetal thymus ontogeny revealed that it is expressed in early thymocytes, before the initiation of clonotypic TCR-alpha and TCR-beta gene rearrangement but is down-regulated in most adult thymocytes. To explore a possible role for gamma in thymocyte development, we generated transgenic mice in which this protein was overexpressed at all stages of ontogeny. Overexpression of gamma inhibited the maturation of T cells as well as natural killer (NK) cells. The developmental effects were transgene dose related and correlated with markedly delayed maturation of fetal CD4-CD8- FcRII/III+ thymocytes, cells thought to include the progenitors of both T and NK cells. These results suggest that the zeta and gamma chains serve distinctive functions in thymocyte development and indicate that Fc receptor(s) may play an important role in regulating the differentiation of early progenitor cells within the thymus.
P164 EGFR mutation prevalence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer: an audit of testing within the North of England Cancer Network
Authors: N. E. Chamberlin, A. C. Ward
Journal: Thorax (2011)

In July 2010, NICE published a technology appraisal relating to the use of a Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) as first line treatment for patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in whom an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation was found. Subsequently, the North of England Cancer Network implemented region wide testing for EGFR mutations in all patients with a pathological confirmation of NSCLC. A retrospective audit was undertaken to assess the quality of EGFR mutation testing, and to obtain data regarding those patients who had tested positive in order to improve local policy. <h3>Methods</h3> Lung cancer MDT lead clinicians from every NHS trust in the region were contacted and asked to provide information about every patient with a confirmed diagnosis of NSCLC for whom specimens had been sent for EFGR mutation testing between October 2010 and February 2011. <h3>Results</h3> The 9 trusts identified 314 patients in whom specimens had been sent for EGFR mutation testing; 161 (51%) males; average age 69 years (34–91); 60% were WHO performance status 0–1; 95% were current or ex-smokers; 47% (149) had stage 4 disease. 60 (19%) were female with adenocarcinoma. In 22 (7%) patients an EGFR mutation was found, 16 (73%) were female, 17 (77%) were current or ex smokers, 73% had stage 4 disease. 13 were female with adenocarcinoma, therefore prevalence in this group was 22% (cf 7% for whole local population). 14 (64% of EGFR mutation positive patients, and 4% of all patients tested) were treated with a TKI as first line, (23% had best supportive care, 13% surgery). EGFR mutation testing failed in 29 (9%) patients. The total cost of testing for this period is over £47 000. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Local prevalence of EGFR mutations in all patients with NSCLC is 7%, but 22% for female patients with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Prior to this audit, specimens were sent for testing by the pathologist on confirmation of a diagnosis of NSCLC. Local policy has changed as a result of this audit. Specimens are now sent for testing after discussion at the MDM, at the point of referral to Oncology.
Bone Scan in Enthesopathy Involving Tendo Achilles
Authors: Rajiva Gupta, Sanjay Sharma, Chandershekar Yadav, Varun Shandal, Rakesh Kumar
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

Inflammatory enthesitis is a hallmark of spondyloarthropathies (SSA) and may antedate other clinical manifestations. The involvement of Achilles tendon and plantar aponeurosis is common, with strong tendency toward fibrosis and calcification. We are describing imaging characteristics in a patient with positive HLA B-27 antigen with bilateral calcific achilles tendonitis who had pain in heels for 3 years.
Genome-wide identification of endothelial cell–enriched genes in the mouse embryo
Authors: Haruka Takase, Ken Matsumoto, Rie Yamadera, Yoshiaki Kubota, Ayaka Otsu, Rumiko Suzuki, Hiroyuki Ishitobi, Hiromi Mochizuki, Takahiro Kojima, Shingo Takano, Kazuhiko Uchida, Satoru Takahashi, Masatsugu Ema
Journal: Blood (2012)
MOUSE CARDIAC STEM CELL LINES IMMORTALIZED WITH HTERT POSSESS DIFFERENT CELL LINEAGE POTENTIALS
Authors: Chi-Yeon Park, Jong-Ho Kim, Ji-Hyun Choi, Hyun-Joo Lee, Seung-Cheol Choi, Je-Sang Kim, Jae-hyoung Park, Chul-Min Ahn, Sun-Jun Hong, Do-Sun Lim
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
AIDS and Suicide in California
Authors: Kenneth W. Kizer
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We read with interest the recent article by Marzuk et al<sup>1</sup>regarding the increased relative risk of suicide among men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in New York City. We also have been interested in this subject because of the incidence of AIDS in California (approximately one fourth of all AIDS cases reported in the United States) and because of the increased rate of suicide observed among California men in recent years.<sup>2,3</sup>While the magnitude of the increased relative risk seems to be less in California than in New York City, we also have noted an increased risk of suicide among persons with AIDS. Suicide ranks as the eighth leading cause of death in California. In 1986, the most recent year for which complete statistics are available, there were a total of 3960 suicide deaths reported in California, giving a total population rate of 14.68
Residents' Duty Hours and Professionalism
Authors: John D. Rybock
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2009)

To the Editor: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) is currently reevaluating its 2003 rules1 regarding duty hours, in light of the recent recommendations2 from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) regarding additional limitations. Although the financial costs incurred in the initial implementation of the rules were substantial and the projected financial costs of further limitations are daunting, another cost, left unaddressed by the IOM task force, is even more troubling to many of us who are involved in graduate medical education. We have transformed the trainees in our core programs from dedicated professionals into shift workers. When the duty-hour rules of 2003 went into . . .
EDUCATIONAL AND LEGISLATIVE CONTROL OF TUBERCULOSIS.
Authors: CHAS. DENISON
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The idea that a known (?) disease like tuberculosis springs from the evolution or rather dissolution of the forces which have to do with our being, that it is an evidence of the variation of the law of harmony to environment, a retrograde movement toward dissolution and death; this idea, I say, of a basic law of degeneracy, which finds its chief expression in this wasting disease, is too profound to be easily grasped, too adverse to our set habits of thought to be easily accepted. Therefore, if I fail to convince the reader in a necessarily curtailed presentation of proof, let me suggest that he simply suspend judgment till the opportunity happily occurs for him to study John Fiske's "Outlines of Cosmic Philosophy," especially the interesting chapters on "Matter, Motion and Force;" "Rhythm;" "Evolution and Dissolution" and "Sources of Terrestrial Energy." Then, I think, he will come to the conclusions
Associations of a novel IL4RA polymorphism, Ala57Thr, in Greenlander Inuit
Authors: S KHOO, G ZHANG, V BACKER, C PORSBJERG, S NEPPERCHRISTENSEN, R CREEGAN, G BAYNAM, N DEKLERK, G ROSSI, I HAGEL
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Nitroprusside therapy. Treatment of hypertensive patients with recurrent resting chest pain, ST-segment elevation, and ventricular arrhythmias
Authors: D. Mukherjee
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Five hypertensive patients with acute myocardial infarction and persistent postinfarction hypertension who experienced severe and recurrent resting chest pain, ST elevations, and severe ventricular arrhythmias refractory to conventional treatment with bed rest, sedation, oxygen inhalation, nitrates, and antiarrhythmic agents received sodium nitroprusside by continuous intravenous infusion, titrated to reduce systolic blood pressure to 100 to 110 mm Hg. Treatment resulted in noticeable improvement in symptoms, reduction in ST elevations, and abolition of ventricular arrhythmias in all five patients. In four patients, cessation of nitroprusside infusion after 48 hours resulted in prompt recurrence of hypertension, chest pain, ST-segment elevations, and ventricular arrhythmias. These were all rapidly reversed following reinstitution of the nitroprusside therapy for seven to eight days, strongly suggesting a cause-and-effect relationship. Nitroprusside infusion in these patients suggests a potentially important use for such therapy in this clinical setting. (<i>JAMA</i>235:2406-2409, 1976)
Changing incidence and pattern of trauma in Jamaica.
Authors: J S Golding
Journal: BMJ (1974)

(1) Professor H. A. Dudley, M.S., F.R.C.S., Professor of Surgery, St. Mary's Hospital, London. (2) Dr. M. C. Bott, M.B., M.R.C.Psych., Consultant Psychia trist, Hellingly Hospital, Hailsham, Sussex. (3) Dr. J. M. Forsythe, M.B., M.F.C.M., Area Medical Officer, Maidstone. (4) Dr. R. Wood, M.B., M.R.C.P., Consultant Physician, Bridge of Earn Hospital, Bridge of Earn, Perth. (5) Dr. A. J. M. Cavenagh, B.M., D.Obst.R.C.O.G., General Practitioner, Brecon, Wales. (6) Dr. N. D. L. Olsen, M.B., M.R.C.P., Medical Registrar. (7) Dr. A. J. Smith, B.M., B.Ch., Assistant Editor, British Medical J7ournal. (8) Dr. M. Ware, M.B., F.R.C.P., Editor, British Medical J7urnal. (9) Dr. S. P. Lock, M.B., F.R.C.P., Deputy Editor, British Medical Journal. (10) Dr. A. Coiling, M.D., F.R.C.G.P., General Practitioner, Stockton-on-Tees, Cleveland. (11) Dr. N. K. Shinton, M.R.C.Path,. F.R.C.P., Consultant Haematologist, Coventry and Warwickshire Hospital, Coventry CV1 4FH. (12) Dr. R. H. Hardy, D.M., M.R.C.G.P., Casualty Officer, Hereford General Hospital, Hereford. (13) Miss Jacqueline Flindall, S.R.N., S.C.M., Area Nursing Officer, Oxfordshire Area Health Authority.
Dysregulation of the Mitogen Granulin in Human Cancer through the miR-15/107 microRNA Gene Group
Authors: Wang-Xia Wang, Natasha Kyprianou, Xiaowei Wang, Peter T. Nelson
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Granulin (GRN) is a potent mitogen and growth factor implicated in many human cancers, but its regulation is poorly understood. Recent findings indicate that GRN is regulated strongly by the microRNA miR-107, which functionally overlaps with miR-15, miR-16, and miR-195 due to a common 5' sequence critical for target specificity. In this study, we queried whether miR-107 and paralogs regulated GRN in human cancers. In cultured cells, anti-argonaute RNA coimmunoprecipitation with downstream microarray analyses indicates that GRN mRNA is directly targeted by numerous miR-15/107 miRNAs. We further tested this association in human tumors. MiR-15 and miR-16 are known to be downregulated in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Using pre-existing microarray datasets, we found that GRN expression is higher in CLL relative to nonneoplastic lymphocytes (P < 0.00001). By contrast, other prospective miR-15/miR-16 targets in the dataset (BCL-2 and cyclin D1) were not upregulated in CLL. Unlike in CLL, GRN was not upregulated in chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) where miR-107 paralogs are not known to be dysregulated. Prior studies have shown that GRN is also upregulated, and miR-107 downregulated, in prostate carcinoma. Our results indicate that multiple members of the miR-107 gene group indeed repress GRN protein levels when transfected into prostate cancer cells. At least a dozen distinct types of cancer have the pattern of increased GRN and decreased miR-107 expression. These findings indicate for the first time that the mitogen and growth factor GRN is dysregulated via the miR-15/107 gene group in multiple human cancers, which may provide a potential common therapeutic target.
Book: Heroin Century * Heroin Addiction Care and Control: The British System 1916-1984
Authors: W. Hall
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Tom Carnwath, Ian Smith Routledge, £14.99, pp 224 ISBN 0 415 27899 6 H B Spear, ed Joy Mott DrugScope, £35, pp 362 ISBN 1 904319 04 1 www.drugscope.org.uk Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>; ![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> These two books on heroin policy address two different audiences: the general public and drug policy buffs. Carnwarth and Smith have aimed to write a “factual and easy to read” book that will improve public debate by reducing the exaggerated anxieties about heroin that have been created by the tabloid media. The book is certainly easier to read than many scholarly books on heroin but the authors make some dubious claims. They predict that rising heroin use will change attitudes, making it “quite likely” that heroin will be “decriminalised or legalised in the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Bipolar Depression—A Comparative Study of Patient Characteristics
Authors: H. KEITH H. BRODIE, MELITTA J. LEFF
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The authors report their comparison of socioenvironmental, familial, and genetic characteristics in matched groups of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar patients. While affective illness was present in a majority of the families of both groups, bipolar illness appeared only in the families of bipolar patients, suggesting a familial or genetic source for this disease. Parental deprivation and marital failure rates were significantly higher in the bipolar group.
On Taking Up the Caduceus
Authors: Harsha A. Sen
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Functional anergy in a subpopulation of naive B cells from healthy humans that express autoreactive immunoglobulin receptors
Authors: J. Andrew Duty, Peter Szodoray, Nai-Ying Zheng, Kristi A. Koelsch, Qingzhao Zhang, Mike Swiatkowski, Melissa Mathias, Lori Garman, Christina Helms, Britt Nakken, Kenneth Smith, A. Darise Farris, Patrick C. Wilson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2008)

Self-reactive B cells not controlled by receptor editing or clonal deletion may become anergic. We report that fully mature human B cells negative for surface IgM and retaining only IgD are autoreactive and functionally attenuated (referred to as naive IgD+IgM− B cells [BND]). These BND cells typically make up 2.5% of B cells in the peripheral blood, have antibody variable region genes in germline (unmutated) configuration, and, by all current measures, are fully mature. Analysis of 95 recombinant antibodies expressed from the variable genes of single BND cells demonstrated that they are predominantly autoreactive, binding to HEp-2 cell antigens and DNA. Upon B cell receptor cross-linkage, BND cells have a reduced capacity to mobilize intracellular calcium or phosphorylate tyrosines, demonstrating that they are anergic. However, intense stimulation causes BND cells to fully respond, suggesting that these cells could be the precursors of autoantibody secreting plasma cells in autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or rheumatoid arthritis. This is the first identification of a distinct mature human B cell subset that is naturally autoreactive and controlled by the tolerizing mechanism of functional anergy.
Moonlighting: Wax Without the Wane
Authors: James G. Osborne
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Thank goodness we have residents ambitious enough to provide an equitable life for themselves and their families by seeking and finding outside employment while pursuing a postgraduate career. Ambition is not a fault, and the resident's desire to raise his standard of living while in training is motivated largely by ridiculously low salaries and his acknowledgement of responsibility to family as well as to patients. I admire today's resident who in his spare time prefers to provide for his family rather than to play cards, shoot pool, or watch television in the intern-resident quarters. If, as one of Dr. Trimble's quotations says, he (the resident) made $25,000 a year and weren't satisfied, and if he cared to work harder or longer to earn $25,010 a year, then again I stand in greater admiration of his tremendous enthusiasm, as apparently money is not his only motivation.
ADENOSINE STRESS PERFUSION CMR RELIABLY RISK STRATIFIES PATIENTS WITH PRIOR EXERCISE TREADMILL TESTING
Authors: James D. Richardson, Angela Bertaso, Dennis Wong, Adam J. Nelson, Hussam Tayeb, Angelo Carbone, Benjamin K. Dundon, Payman Molaee, Kerry Williams, Matthew I. Worthley, Karen Teo, Stephen G. Worthley
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
The Endothelium — Modulator of Vascular Smooth-Muscle Tone
Authors: Paul M. Vanhoutte
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Furchgott and Zawadzki1 first reported that endothelial cells have an obligatory role in the relaxation caused by acetylcholine in isolated rabbit arteries. This observation reconciled earlier contradictory findings of the powerful vasodilatory effect of acetylcholine in the intact organism, as compared with the contraction that it causes in spiral strips of isolated blood vessels in which the endothelium has been damaged or removed. There has followed an exponential growth in knowledge about the role of the endothelium in modulating the tone of the underlying smooth muscle in response to pharmacologic agents, physiologic stimuli, and disease.2 3 4 The function of the endothelium . . .
Possible dual roles for prostacyclin in human pregnancy and labor
Authors: Michael J. Taggart, G. Nicholas Europe-Finner, Bryan F. Mitchell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2008)

During pregnancy, the muscular layer of the uterine wall known as the myometrium, which is composed mainly of smooth muscle cells, is maintained in a state of relative quiescence. A switch from myometrial quiescence to myometrial activation is required to establish uterine contractions during labor. Researchers have long been perplexed by the fact that the major prostaglandin produced by the uterus just prior to labor, prostacyclin, is a smooth muscle relaxant. In this issue of the JCI, Fetalvero et al. provide data that they propose explains this paradox, at least in part (see the related article beginning on page 3966). The authors examined uterine tissue from pregnant women near term and found that prostacyclin stimulation, which raises cAMP levels that were previously thought to affect only myometrial quiescence, can promote myometrial activation over time by increasing the expression of a select group of proteins thought to be indicative of a uterine contractile state.
P213 Long term results of concurrent chemotherapy and hypofractionated radiotherapy for inoperable NSCLC
Authors: J. Maguire, V. Kelly, C. Smyth, M. Ledson, M. Walshaw
Journal: Thorax (2010)

Concurrent chemoradiation is an effective form of treatment for inoperable stage 3 NSCLC, with a survival advantage in meta-analyses compared to standard chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, reported local tumour control (LTC) rates are less than 40%. US studies aim to improve LTC by radiotherapy dose escalation and the addition of cetuximab. An alternative approach is to deliver radical radiotherapy concurrent with chemotherapy within a 4-week period, aiming to minimise the effects of accelerated repopulation and thus enhance LTC and survival. We have treated 104 NSCLC patients with cisplatinum (30 patients) or cisplatinum and vinorelbine (74 patients) concurrently with 50–55Gy in 20 fractions over 26 days. Two-thirds of the patients were male, one third female; median age was 64. 90 patients had stage 3 NSCLC, 12 patients had inoperable stage 2 disease, and 2 had stage 4 disease. 84 patients were PS 0-1, 18 PS 2 and 2 PS 3. 64 patients received between two and four cycles of chemotherapy after completion of concurrent treatment. Median survival for the whole group was 23 months. Survival rates at 3, 5 and 10 years (all causes mortality) were 41.7%, 30.1% and 16.2%. Chemotherapy after concurrent treatment increased median survival (26.6 vs 14.6 months) and survival at 2 years (53.1% vs 40%) but made no difference to survival at three and 5 years. There was an advantage for patients who received 55Gy compared to those who received 50–52.5Gy, with median survival of 37.9 months versus 20.6 months, 2-year survival 64.2% versus 40%, 3-year survival 56.2% versus 34.2% and 5-year survival 36% versus 28.5%. The local tumour control rate was 76% for patients receiving 55Gy and 68.6% for patients receiving 50–52.5 Gy. There were no treatment related deaths. 86 patients developed grade 2 oesophagitis, nine patients suffered grade 3 oesophagitis and eight patients required dilation of oesophageal stricture between 8 weeks and 3 years after treatment. Chemoradiation usingaccelerated hypofractionated radiotherapy concurrent with cisplatinum and vinorelbine enhances local control and survival for patients with locally advanced NSCLC and good performance status.