tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical Practice of Transfusion Medicine
Authors: Lawrence D. Petz, Scott N. Swisher
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1990)

Directed primarily towards clinicians involved in the everyday care of patients who require transfusions, this book aims to provide a scientific and clinical basis for the practice of transfusion medicine as well as information on the operation of a blood bank or centre. This second edition has revised information on the problems of disease transmissable by transfusion, expanded coverage of AIDS and presents well blood transfusion as part of an overall integrated therapeutic plan.
Development of a novel polymerase chain reaction-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the diagnosis of<i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>onychomycosis
Authors: F. Pankewitz, P. Nenoff, S. Uhrlaß, G. Bezold, I. Winter, Y. Gräser
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

The prevalence of onychomycosis has increased steadily in the past decade. An accurate diagnosis at the outset is important for successful and cost-effective treatment of patients. However, current diagnostic tests for onychomycosis are not rapid, sensitive or specific.To develop a microsatellite-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MS-ELISA) for the detection of Trichophyton rubrum, which is the most common aetiological agent of onychomycosis.An archival set of 434 nail and skin specimens from 217 patients was included as the test sample in this study. We also compared MS-ELISA with an earlier published topoisomerase PCR-ELISA (TI-ELISA) using template DNA extracted by another method.The MS-ELISA detected the highest number of positive samples (69%) followed by direct microscopy (56%), TI-ELISA (44%) and fungal culture (30%). When an identical DNA extraction method was applied to 120 specimens, the MS-ELISA proved to be twice as sensitive as the TI-ELISA.We have optimized a target gene and DNA extraction method for rapid detection of T. rubrum onychomycosis.
2‐Chloroacetamidine, a novel immunomodulator, suppresses antigen‐induced mouse airway inflammation
Authors: Y. Maezawa, G. Paltser, H. Tsui, R. Cheung, P. Wu, A. P. Nicholas, H.‐M. Dosch
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Citrullination is a presently under-recognized posttranslational protein modification catalyzed by PAD enzymes. Immune responses to citrullinated neo-epitopes are identified in a growing number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, the involvement of hypercitrullination in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma is still unknown.As main experimental tool, we examined the effect of 2-chloroacetamidine (2CA), a PAD enzyme inhibitor, on OVA-immunized and airway-challenged BALB/c mice; a commonly used model of allergic airway inflammation. We also measured the effect of 2CA on ex vivo lymphocytes and cell lines.In vivo, 2CA dramatically suppressed lung tissue hypercitrullination, inflammatory cell recruitment, and airway-Th2 cytokine secretion. 2CA also suppressed systemic OVA-specific and total IgE production dramatically, effectively preventing de novo and diminishing established disease without measurably impacting general immunocompetence. In vitro, 2CA markedly inhibited the proliferation of mouse and human T cells with cell cycle block and apoptosis during a limited, postactivation phase.2CA acts as narrow-spectrum immunosuppressant that selectively targets lymphocyte populations involved in active inflammatory tissue lesions. If hypercitrullination is generated in patients with asthma, 2CA may represent a novel disease modulator for human asthmatics/allergic diseases.
Bisulfite treatment of DNA: Perfecting the deamination of cytosine into uracil
Authors: Seth Ruga, Michael Karberg, Xi-Yu Jia, Marc Van Eden
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

2651  Sodium bisulfite can deaminate “convert” cytosine in DNA into uracil, but does not affect 5-methylcytosine. Bisulfite treatment of DNA is a prerequisite for DNA methylation analysis for many epigenetics-based studies involving methylation profiling and the quantification of methylation status. However, analytical procedures involving bisulfite treated DNA are often subject to variability due to DNA degradation, incomplete conversion, and/or low yields of DNA. We have systematically investigated the procedure of bisulfite treatment of DNA paying particular attention to the chemistries involved in the process and to conversion rates in an effort to limit variability between samples and to improve upon conventional methods. We found conventional bisulfite DNA conversion chemistries could be improved such that increased C to U conversion efficiencies could be obtained without the levels of DNA degradation typically resulting from incubation of reaction mixtures at high temperature and nonphysiological pH. Essential to this process was prohibiting the occurrence of “over-conversion” of 5-methylcytosine into uracil that can occur in some situations and reaction conditions. We found the bisulfite conversion process could be simplified and the variability between treatments kept to a minimum by coupling heat denaturation with the bisulfite conversion process and by using in-column desulphonation to clean and purify the converted DNA. This new method was found to yield an average of > 80% recovery of input DNA with > 99% C to U conversion. The method has been specifically designed to accommodate (in addition to purified DNA) biological fluids, cells, or tissue directly as the input material. This makes its application for FFPE and LCM-derived samples particularly well suited.
Lowering Blood Pressure in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Frank A. Lederle
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
black crows winter day
Authors: D.A. Frater
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Ad Libitum19 May 2015black crows winter dayD.A. Frater, MDD.A. Frater, MDFrom Dallas, Texas.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-0237 Audio Reading - “black crows winter day” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "black crows winterday," by D.A. Frater. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail they pock the trees ugly and bold brashAmerican crows black like coal waiting tostain the sky in raucous flocks once theirquarry shows and then likehounds they're loose in barking pursuitwild paparazzi unremitting upon the cornerof their reclusive prize a great horned owlwho stares down upon them yellow-eyeddisdain from the shadows of the leavesgazing through the rustling curtain to seewho in the mob still mocks his grandeuron such a day as this I can forgive themflying behind uncomplicated thoughts theirrabble shouts without contemplation followingorders written too long ago the wind carryingwhisperings of promise from one treeto the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Dallas, Texas.Current Author Address: D.A. Frater, MD; e-mail, [email protected]md. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement Audio Reading - “black crows winter day” Audio. Michael A. LaCombe, MD, Annals Associate Editor, reads "black crows winterday," by D.A. Frater. Your browser does not support the audio element. Audio player progress bar Step backward in current audio track Play current audio trackPause current audio track Step forward in current audio track Mute current audio trackUnmute current audio track 00:00/ FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 May 2015Volume 162, Issue 10Page: 725 ePublished: 19 May 2015 Issue Published: 19 May 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Inhibition of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 by kinase inhibitors induces apoptosis in t(4;14) multiple myeloma
Authors: Jose Luis R. Brito, Helen Maitland, Hing Leung, Matthew Squires, Adrian Gill, Nick N. Cross, Graham Jackson, David R. Newell, Julie Irving
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4034 

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (Fgfr3) and Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome candidate 1 (Whsc1) are over expressed as a result of the t(4;14)(p16;q32) translocation that occurs in 15% of multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Clinically, the presence of t(4;14) is associated with a reduced overall survival following conven tional treatment. Recent studies have demonstrated that over expression of Fgfr3 promotes cell survival, growth and drug resistance in malignant plasma cells, both in vitro and in vivo . Therefore, inhibition of Fgfr3 signalling represents a potential target for the chemotherapeutic intervention of t(4;14) MM. Several small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors, including PD173074, PTK787, SU11248, SU6668 and ZD6474, with varying degrees of Fgfr inhibitory activity, were assessed in cell line models. The interleukin 3 (IL-3) - independent cell line Ba/f3, that had been engineered to express the ZNF198-Fgfr1, and t(4;14) positive and negative MM cell lines were used to screen for the activity of the inhibitors by an MTS assay. PD173074 and SU11248 differentially inhibited the growth of Ba/f3 cell transfectants with GI50 values of 10nM and 730nM, compared to >1μM and 2.7μM for wild type cells (p<0.0001, unpaired t-test). In addition, PD173074 and SU11248 produced differential inhibition of t(4;14) positive and negative MM cell lines: GI50 values of 4-5μM and 1.2μM, compared to 14-15.2μM and 4-5μM, for t(4;14)-positive and negative MM cells, respectively (p<0.002, Mann-Whitney U test). Western blotting for Fgfr1, 2 3 and 4 showed that Fgfr3 was expressed in all MM cell lines, but was up regulated in t(4;14)-positive cells. No other Fgfr isoforms were expressed. Further analysis demonstrated that both PD173074 and SU11248 inhibited the activation of Fgfr3 in t(4;14)-positive MM cells, as determined by monitoring pFgfr3 levels by western blot analysis. Finally, equimolar concentrations of PD173074 and SU11248 induced a cytotoxic response in a dose and time-dependent manner in Fgfr3-expressing MM, as determined by annexin V assay. These data demonstrate that PD173074 and SU11248 are potent inhibitors of Fgfr3, and validate Fgfr3 as a therapeutic target in t(4;14) positive MM.
Essays on Chronic and Familial Syphilis
Authors: Griffith Evans
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 13392: Deficiency of Microrna-378 Contributes to the Development of Cardiac Fibrosis Involving a Tgfβ1-dependent Paracrine Mechanism
Authors: Raghu S Nagalingam, Mariam Noor, Mahesh P Gupta, R.John Solaro, Madhu Gupta
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Understanding the regulation of cardiac fibrosis is critical for controlling adverse cardiac remodeling during the development of heart failure. Previous studies implicated that microRNA-378 is primarily expressed in cardiomyocytes, and it is down-regulated during heart failure. To understand the consequence of miR-378 depletion during cardiac remodeling, the present study employed a LNA-modified-antimiR to target miR-378 in vivo. Results showed that loss of miR-378 function in mouse hearts led to the development of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis. Upon evaluation of the mechanism of profibrotic response of miR-378 inhibition, we found that antimiR treatment induced TGFβ1 expression in mouse hearts as well as in cultured cardiomyocytes, whereas its expression in cardiomyocytes abolished AngII-stimulated induction of TGFβ1 mRNA. Among various secreted cytokines, only TGFβ1 levels were found to be increased in the conditioned-media of miR-378 depleted cardiomyocytes. Treatment of cardiac fibroblasts with the conditioned-media of miR-378 depleted myocytes activated pSMAD2/3, a critical step in TGFβ-signaling, and induced fibrotic gene expression. This effect of miR-378 depletion was counteracted by including a TGFβ1-neutralizing antibody in the conditioned-medium. In cardiomyocytes, antimiR-mediated stimulation of TGFβ1 mRNA was correlated with the increased expression of c-fos and c-jun. Adenovirus expressing dominant negative N-Ras or c-Jun prevented antimiR-mediated induction of TGFβ1 mRNA, documenting the importance of Ras and AP-1 signaling in this response. These results demonstrate that reduction in miR-378 levels during pathological conditions participate in the process of cardiac remodeling through paracrine release of a profibrotic cytokine, TGFβ1, from cardiomyocytes. Our data imply that the presence of miR-378 in cardiomyocytes plays a critical role in the protection of neighboring fibroblasts from activation by pro-fibrotic stimuli.
Depression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Predictors and accuracy of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS)
Authors: Christoph Nowak, Noriane Sievi, Esther Schwarz, Christian Clarenbach, Malcolm Kohler
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Depression is a common comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) has been extensively used to assess psychological distress in diverse clinical contexts although its validity is doubtful. We examined the diagnostic accuracy of the HADS for depression in COPD.  Methods: This cross-sectional cohort included COPD patients between 40-75 years with mild to very severe disease who were enrolled in a multicenter longitudinal trial in Switzerland. Current diagnosis of depression was ascertained through clinical records. Lung function, 6-minute walking test (6-MWT), Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea score and COPD Assessment Test (CAT) were evaluated.  Results: 259 COPD patients (mean age 62.5 years; 32% female; mean FEV1 48% predicted) were included. Patients diagnosed with depression (29/259; 11.2%) had significantly higher HADS-D and HADS-Total scores than non-depressed patients (median [quartiles] HADS-D 6 [4; 9] vs. 4 [2; 7], median HADS-Total 14 [10; 20] vs. 8 [5; 14]). Receiver-operating characteristic plots showed moderate accuracy for HADS-D, AUC 0.662 (95%CI 0.601-0.719), and HADS-Total, AUC 0.681 (95%CI 0.620-0.737), with optimal cut-off scores of g 5 and g 9, respectively. Corresponding sensitivity and specificity were 62.1% and 62.6% for HADS-D compared to 75.9% and 55.2% for HADS-Total. Younger age, more comorbidities, male sex, and lower airflow limitation predicted existing depression.  Conclusion: The HADS exhibited low diagnostic accuracy in identifying current depression in COPD patients. It should not be used as a diagnostic tool in this population.
Implementing GP Fundholding: Wild Card Or Winning Hand?, by Howard Glennerster, Manon Matsaganis, Patricia Owens, Stephanie Hancock
Authors: T. O'Dowd
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Howard Glennerster, Manon Matsaganis, Patricia Owens, Stephanie Hancock Open University Press, £14.99, pp 160 / ISBN 0 335 19108 8

During 1991, Nottinghamshire Local Medical Committee held a debate on the motion “that fundholding is the way forward for the NHS.” As a first wave fundholder, I proposed the motion, and my opponent used a ventriloquist's dummy to respond. The motion was defeated by 72 hands to two, emphasising the mockery and professional isolation of fundholders in 1991.

Glennerster and colleagues' book transmits the excitement and chaos that was …
Abstract 19088: Independent Association of Lipoprotein Sub-fractions by Ion Mobility Analysis with Anthropometric and Ectopic Visceral fat on Cardiac CT Examinations in a High risk Population: The Baptist Employee Healthy Heart Study (BEHHS)
Authors: Ebenezer T Oni, Ehimen C Aneni, Emir Veledar, Lara Roberson, Gagandeep Nagi, Sameer Shaharyar, Omar Jamal, Shozab S Ali, Henry Guzman, Rehan Malik, Mohammad Aziz, Ricardo Cury, Jonathan Fialkow, Michael Ozner, Arthur S Agatston, Janisse Post, Theodore Feldman, Khurram Nasir
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Visceral adiposity is associated with increased CVD risk. Ectopic fat deposition is linked with lipotoxicity, metabolic derangement, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. The lipoprotein(LP) subclasses are established risk markers for CVD mortality. We evaluated for the association of ectopic visceral fat measures [pericardial (PCF), Epicardial (EPC)], traditional adiposity measures [waist: hip ratio (WHR), Body Mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)] and the LP subclasses. Methods: The Baptist Employee Healthy Heart Study (BEHHS) an ongoing study examines the effect of web based interventions on reducing CVD risk in subjects with metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes mellitus. We measured PCF and EPC adipose tissue volumes from the 16-slice multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) (GE AWW 3D Workstation). Cardio IQ™ Ion Mobility LP fractionation was utilized for advanced lipid subclass measurement resulting in direct quantification of particles in each LP sub-class fraction. Results: The population had 182 participants, 74% women, 49% Hispanic, mean age of 52 ± 9 years. The median PCF volume was 130 (97-166) cc, EPC volume 112(78-265) cc, mean WC 105±15 cm, BMI 34±6 kg/m2 ,WHR was 0.94 (SD 0.09). There was no correlation between BMI, and WC with any of the LP. WHR was significantly correlated with LDL particle size LDL large (A), , IDL small, and HDL large, see table 1. These associations were not significant in multivariate regression analysis. On the other hand PCF and ECP were significantly correlated with a wide spectrum of the LPs. After an adjusted robust regression, they remained significantly associated with IDL(large), LDL(total), VLDL(small), VLDL(medium) and VLDL(large). Conclusion: This demonstrates association between the ectopic adiposity and LP subclasses compared to traditional obesity measures. Further follow-up is needed to assess the interplay of lifestyle intervention in improving cardiometabolic profile
823. Use of a Cre Recombinase Silencing Strategy to Characterize Sleeping Beauty-Mediated Transposition In Vivo
Authors: Paul R. Score, Joel L. Frandsen, Jennifer L. Geurts, Perry B. Hackett, David A. Largaespada, R.Scott McIvor
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The Sleeping Beauty transposon system has been shown to reproducibly mediate gene integration resulting in long-term expression of various marker genes and even therapeutic benefits. We previously reported a method to isolate expression originating from integrated transposons. Briefly this procedure involves use of the Cre recombinase system and placement of LoxP sites within the transposon-encoding plasmid such that transposition segregates the recombinase sites from each other. In this system, transposition prevents Cre-mediated excision of the transposons promoter region, thus allowing maintenance of expression from transposed elements while greatly reducing plasmid mediated expression (Score et al., Mol. Ther. 7: S9, 2003). Expression from untransposed plasmids can be reduced in this way by nearly 99%, allowing the assessment of expression resulting from transposition in as little as three weeks. Approximately 90% of plasmids recovered from the livers of animals injected with floxed transposons were found to have been silenced in this way. Southern blots also confirmed the recombination and subsequent silencing of episomal plasmids. The system is being further characterized through PCR analysis for transposon excision as well as sequencing of transposon flanking genomic DNA. We are currently using this system to quantitatively compare transposition efficiencies in vivo, comparing the relative activity of transposase and transposon variants, and also establishing a time course of transposition based on the expression of different levels of transposase. Using this model we are thus optimizing performance of the SB transposon system for its application to therapeutic models.