tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tomography of regional ventilation and perfusion using krypton 81m in normal subjects and asthmatic patients.
Authors: D Orphanidou, J M Hughes, M J Myers, A R Al-Suhali, B Henderson
Journal: Thorax (1986)

Single photon emission computed tomography, a rotating gamma camera, and continuous inhalation or infusion of krypton 81m (half life 13 seconds) were used to measure regional ventilation (V), perfusion (Q), and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) ratios in five normal subjects in supine, prone, and lateral decubitus postures and in three asthmatic patients (supine posture only) before and after inhalation of 2.5 mg nebulised salbutamol. Vertical and horizontal gradients of V, Q, and V/Q were examined at three levels in each lung in regions of 1.9 cm3 size. In normal subjects V and Q increased along the axis of gravity in all postures and at all levels in the lung except for V in the prone position. Smaller horizontal gradients were found with an increase in V and Q from caudal to cranial--again except in the prone posture, where the gradient was slightly reversed. Constraint to outward motion of the ventral chest and abdominal wall is the most likely explanation for the different behaviour in the prone posture. In chronic asthma the vertical gradients of V and V/Q were the reverse of normal, but the Q gradient was normal. Bronchodilator treatment did not affect the vertical or horizontal gradients significantly, but analysis of individual regions showed that, relatively, V/Q worsened in 42% of them; this was associated in two thirds with an increase in fractional Q. After inhalation of beta agonist local vasodilatation may influence V/Q ratios in some units more than bronchodilatation.
Defective ATP-dependent bile canalicular transport of organic anions in mutant (TR−) rats with conjugated hyperbilirubinemia Kitamura T, Jansen P, Hardenbrook, Kamimoto Y, Gatmaitan Z, Arias IM. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990;87:3557–3561
Authors: R Moseley
Journal: Hepatology (1991)
51 GUT MICROBIOTA TRANSPLANTATION DEMONSTRATES ITS CAUSAL ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF TYPE 2 DIABETES AND FATTY LIVER
Authors: T. Le Roy, M. Llopis, A. Bruneau, S. Rabot, C. Bevilacqua, P. Martin, F. Walker, A. Bado, G. Perlemuter, A.-M. Cassard-Doulcier, P. Gérard
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Coronary flow reserve and the J curve relation between diastolic blood pressure and myocardial infarction.
Authors: J. M. Cruickshank
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The results of several large studies of hypertension and follow up studies on insured people have indicated that the lower the blood pressure the better for longevity. These studies excluded subjects with overt ischaemia. More recently long term studies of hypertension that included patients with more severe forms of hypertension and did not exclude those with overt ischaemia have shown a J shaped relation between diastolic blood pressure during treatment and myocardial infarction; the lowest point (the J point) was at a diastolic blood pressure (phase V) between 85 and 90 mm Hg. The J curve seems to be independent of treatment, pulse pressure, and the degree of fall in diastolic blood pressure and is unlikely to be caused by poor left ventricular function. The most probable explanation is that subjects who have severe stenosis of the coronary artery as well as hypertension have a poor coronary flow reserve, which makes the myocardium vulnerable to coronary perfusion pressures that are tolerated by patients without ischaemia, particularly at high heart rates. An optimal diastolic blood pressure (phase V) for such patients is about 85 mm Hg, though particular caution is appropriate when treating very old patients (84 and over) and patients aged 60-79 who have isolated systolic hypertension.
FREQUENCY AND DEGREE OF SPATIAL MISREGISTRATION OF LESIONS IN PET-CT IMAGES AS A FUNCTION OF ANATOMICAL REGION AND LESION SIZE
Authors: Ayse Mavi, Edgar Cheng, Rakesh Kumar, Anthony Posteraro, Ghassan El-Haddad, Shyam Srinivas, Abass Alavi, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Greater New York and New England Chapters, the Society of Nuclear Medicine 18th Annual Northeast Regional Scientific Session Abstracts October 22–October 24, 2004—Stamford, Connecticut: PDF Only
Changes in Decision-Making Capacity in Older Adults: Assessment and Intervention
Authors: Leslie K. Ross
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinical course and predictive value of liver function tests in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: an analysis of the EVEREST trial
Authors: Andrew P. Ambrosy, Muthiah Vaduganathan, Mark D. Huffman, Sadiya Khan, Mary J. Kwasny, Angela J. Fought, Aldo P. Maggioni, Karl Swedberg, Marvin A. Konstam, Faiez Zannad, Mihai Gheorghiade
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2012)
Organic Diseases of the Heart
Authors: C. J. B. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1850)

TEI3RE is perhaps no group of internal structural diseases, which are more accurately distinguished by their physical signs than those of the heart.The modes of determining the condition and action of the muscular substance of the organ, made known by Corvisart, Avenbrugger, Laennec, and their successors, and the method of interpreting the val- vular murmurs, which I first proposed in 1835, have rendered the Diagno- sis of the more common ORoANlc DIs8Ass OF TH,E HEART comparatively easy and accurate.But the general knowledge of the PROGNOsts and TREATMENT has not advanced in an equal degree; and mistakes are often occurring, in consequence of the misapplication of the long prevalent notions respecting the prospects and treatment of heart disease to cases which, although correctly diagnosticated as such, are not of the gave nature which is apprehended.It is a satisfactory result of extended experience on this subject, that organic lesions of the heart, even of considerable amount and complexity, are not incompatible with prolonged life, and, under favourable circumstances, with a moderate sare ofhelth and comfort.For example: About fifteen yean ago, I was oonsulted by a medical man of middle age, who presented formidable signs and symptoms of obstructive and regurgitant disease of the aortic orifice, with greatly enlarged heart, and dilatation of the ascending aorta The symptoms, at that time, were not only those of inordinate action of the heart, but the functions of the brain were occasionally impaired; exer- tion or emotior sometimes causing confusion of thought and indistinct articulation.Yet this gentleman has been engaged in a pretty extensive country prctice ever since; and within the past year, when I last heard of him, he had not abandoned his professional duties.And when at length death does occur in such cases, I have been often urpsed at the enormous amount of disease that had gradually accumI Ited, yet sometimes without causing those alarming and distressing sufrings, which occur in other institnoes, where the lesions ar much ls consi- VOL.
The absence of intrarenal ACE protects against hypertension
Authors: Romer A. Gonzalez-Villalobos, Tea Janjoulia, Nicholas K. Fletcher, Jorge F. Giani, Mien T.X. Nguyen, Anne D. Riquier-Brison, Dale M. Seth, Sebastien Fuchs, Dominique Eladari, Nicolas Picard, Sebastian Bachmann, Eric Delpire, Janos Peti-Peterdi, L. Gabriel Navar, Kenneth E. Bernstein, Alicia A. McDonough
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Activation of the intrarenal renin-angiotensin system (RAS) can elicit hypertension independently from the systemic RAS. However, the precise mechanisms by which intrarenal Ang II increases blood pressure have never been identified. To this end, we studied the responses of mice specifically lacking kidney angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) to experimental hypertension. Here, we show that the absence of kidney ACE substantially blunts the hypertension induced by Ang II infusion (a model of high serum Ang II) or by nitric oxide synthesis inhibition (a model of low serum Ang II). Moreover, the renal responses to high serum Ang II observed in wild-type mice, including intrarenal Ang II accumulation, sodium and water retention, and activation of ion transporters in the loop of Henle (NKCC2) and distal nephron (NCC, ENaC, and pendrin) as well as the transporter activating kinases SPAK and OSR1, were effectively prevented in mice that lack kidney ACE. These findings demonstrate that ACE metabolism plays a fundamental role in the responses of the kidney to hypertensive stimuli. In particular, renal ACE activity is required to increase local Ang II, to stimulate sodium transport in loop of Henle and the distal nephron, and to induce hypertension.
Prophylaxis of postoperative leg vine thrombosis by low dose subcutaneous heparin or peroperative calf muscle stimulation: a controlled clinical trial.
Authors: I L Rosenberg, M Evans, A V Pollock
Journal: BMJ (1975)

In a randomized, controlled clinical trial of two methods of preventing postoperative leg vein thrombosis patients undergoing major surgery were divided into three groups. One received intermittent electrical calf muscle stimulation during surgery, the second subcutaneous heparin calcium 5000 IU every eight hours for six days, and the third no specific prophylaxis. Leg vein thrombosis was detected by the 125-I-fibrinogen uptake test. Neither method was effective in patients undergoing open bladder or prostatic surgery. Stimulation did not reduce the incidence of leg vein thrombosis in patients with malignant disease undergoing laparotomy, but heparin calcium was highly successful in this group (P smaller than 0-001). When the laparotomy was for a benign condition, however, both heparin calcium (P smaller than 0-001) and stimulation (P smaller than 0-01) were effective.
STUDIES IN RODENT POLIOMYELITIS
Authors: Murray Sanders, Claus W. Jungeblut
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1942)

1. The murine virus may be grown in embryonic mouse brain-serum ultrafiltrate cultures. The virus fails to grow in embryonic chick tissue cultures or in fertilized egg preparations. 2. Some relationship can be demonstrated between the amount of nervous tissue and the infectivity of the culture. 3. Optimum titers of virus potency (10(-6)) can be obtained by adjusting the pH of the growing culture at 7.3 to 7.6. 4. A simple pH inactivation curve for virus alone and for virus when actively growing in tissue culture has been obtained. 5. The rate of virus propagation, as determined by potency tests in mice, has been established for cultures which were seeded with large or small amounts of virus. The murine virus "grows" relatively fast. The optimum titer for a large inoculum was reached in 19 hours, for a small inoculum in 72 hours. 6. With extended subcultivation in vitro the cultured virus shows a loss of infectivity for mice by peripheral injection. However, potency as determined by intracerebral injection remains constant. 7. Mice surviving inoculation of culture virus by routes other than intracerebral acquire a relative resistance to reinfection with mouse passage virus. 8. The murine culture virus passes without difficulty through collodion membranes with an A.P.D. of 30 mmicro. Its particle size may therefore be estimated as lying between 10 to 15 mmicro. 9. On a basis of in vitro activity and cross infection, the murine culture virus is distinct from the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis. 10. Murine culture virus may be used as an interfering agent to block infection with poliomyelitis virus in monkeys. The interaction between the two viruses seems to be quantitatively limited. Such interference, with the present potency of culture virus, operates effectively only against comparatively small doses of monkey virus.
Abstract 5184: Distinct mutational patterns in liver fluke-related and non-infection-related bile duct cancers revealed by whole exome sequencing
Authors: Choon Kiat Ong, Waraporn Chan-on, Maarja-Liisa Nairismagi, Weng Khong Lim, Simona Dima, Chawalit Pairojkul, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Irinel Popescu, Steve Rozen, Patrick Tan, Bin Tean Teh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Cholangiocarcinoma, the second most common liver cancer, is known to be caused by different etiologies such as liver fluke infection, choledochal cyst and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Thus, this cancer provides a good model to study the impact of different carcinogenic exposures on the specific patterns of somatic mutations in human tumors. To address this issue, we profiled 209 cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) from Asia and Europe, including 108 cases caused by liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini (O. viverrini)-infection and 101 cases due to non-O. viverrini etiologies. Whole-exome (N = 15) and prevalence screening (N = 194) revealed recurrent somatic mutations in BAP1 and ARID1A, neither of which has been previously reported to be mutated in CCA. Comparisons between intrahepatic O. viverrini and non-O. viverrini CCAs demonstrated statistically significant different mutation patterns: BAP1 and IDH1/2 were more frequently mutated in non-O. viverrini CCAs, while TP53 displayed the reciprocal pattern. Functional studies demonstrated tumor suppressive roles of BAP1 and ARID1A, establishing the role of chromatin modulators in CCA pathogenesis. These findings indicate that different causative etiologies may induce distinct somatic alterations even within the same tumor type. Citation Format: Choon Kiat Ong, Waraporn Chan-on, Maarja-Liisa Nairismagi, Weng Khong Lim, Simona Dima, Chawalit Pairojkul, Paiboon Sithithaworn, Irinel Popescu, Steve Rozen, Patrick Tan, Bin Tean Teh. Distinct mutational patterns in liver fluke-related and non-infection-related bile duct cancers revealed by whole exome sequencing. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5184. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5184
Pediatric Chronic Diseases—Stealing Childhood
Authors: Jody W. Zylke, Catherine D. DeAngelis
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
United States cracks down on healthcare fraud
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The US president, Bill Clinton, has announced a crackdown on fraud and abuse in the healthcare system. The new legislation will prevent doctors who have been expelled from the Medicare system or had their licences revoked from moving elsewhere in the United States and continuing to be paid.

Medicare fraud costs American taxpayers billions of dollars ( BMJ 1995;310:823). The General Accounting Office, an investigative …
Clinical markers of androgenicity in acne vulgaris
Authors: R.A. SHEEHAN-DARE, BRONWYN R. HUGHES, W.J. CUNLIFFE
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Androgenic stimulation of sebaceous glands is necessary for development of acne. If hyperandrogenaemia were a major determinant of acne in women, the frequency of other clinical markers of androgenicity should increase with acne severity. To investigate this, 268 female subjects (aged 12-44 years) were studied. Subjects were divided into groups on the basis of acne severity: physiological, moderate, and severe. With exclusion of women taking oral contraceptives or anti-androgen therapy, subjects in each group were similar with respect to age at menarche and incidence of menstrual irregularity of amenorrhoea. Reports of excessive body hair, and clinical hirsutes on examination were few and there were no significant differences between acne severity groups. No correlation was observed between acne and hirsutes grades in all subjects (rank correlation coefficient = 0.096). Mild male pattern androgenic alopecia occurred in similar proportions of subjects in the three groups. Female pattern androgenic alopecia was observed in only two subjects. We have shown no correlation between acne severity and clinical markers of androgenicity in women. This suggests that in most cases factors other than hyperandrogenaemia are necessary for the development of acne.
INDUCED INSULIN RESISTANCE IN THE RABBIT 1
Authors: Francis C. Lowell, William Franklin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1949)

A high degree of resistance to insulin occa- sionally develops in patients receiving repeated injections of insulin.This occurs most frequently in patients with diabetes, but non-diabetic individuals receiving insulin shock therapy for psy- chiatric disorders may also develop insulin resist- ance unassociated with any other demonstrable disturbance in carbohydrate metabolism.An im- mune mechanism has been repeatedly suggested as one underlying cause, a view for which strong evidence was obtained in the study of a case of insulin resistance in this laboratory (1-3).Re- sistance developed during the administration of insulin at the end of three insulin-free periods of three to five months, suggesting an immune re- sponse to the injected insulin.Furthermore, the resistance appeared to be species-specific as indi-
A MONOCHROMATOR..
Authors: I. A. MAGNUS, A. D. PORTER, K. J. McCREE, J. D. MORELAND, W. D. WRIGHT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1959)

Journal Article A MONOCHROMATOR.: AN APPARATUS FOR THE INVESTIGATION OF THE RESPONSES OF THE SKIN TO ULTRA‐VIOLET, VISIBLE AND NEAR INFRA‐RED RADIATION. Get access I. A. MAGNUS, I. A. MAGNUS Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle St., London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. D. PORTER, A. D. PORTER Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, Lisle St., London, W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. J. McCREE, K. J. McCREE Section of Technical Optics, Imperial College of Science und Technology, London, S.W.7 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. D. MORELAND, J. D. MORELAND Section of Technical Optics, Imperial College of Science und Technology, London, S.W.7 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. D. WRIGHT W. D. WRIGHT Section of Technical Optics, Imperial College of Science und Technology, London, S.W.7 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 71, Issue 7, 1 July 1959, Pages 261–266, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1959.tb13422.x Published: 01 July 1959
Effect of government recommendations on methadone prescribing in south east England: comparison of 1995 and 1997 surveys
Authors: J. Strang, J. Sheridan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

On instruction from the Minister of Health, the Department of Health in England convened a task force on the effectiveness of treatment services for drug misusers, and widely distributed its recommendations in 1996.1 Methadone constituted 96% of all opiate prescriptions dispensed to drug misusers. 2 3 The task force specifically recommended that ( a ) methadone tablets should no longer be prescribed for the treatment of drug misuse; ( b ) daily dispensing should be used to prevent diversion of drugs; and ( c ) the optimal dosage for methadone maintenance treatment was probably between 50 mg and 100 g daily.1

Much of the drug problem of England and Wales is concentrated in London, 4 5 with 23% of all methadone prescriptions in the area being from the Thames regions.3 We report the extent to which changes in line with the three recommendations of the task …
138. Targeted Adenoviral Vectors Expressing Soluble TGFβRIIFc for Breast Cancer Metastasis
Authors: Zhen-Guo Wang Wang, Amanda Pister, M.B. Zafar, Sung Kim, Prem Seth
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Bone metastases are present in most patients with advanced disease and can cause severe morbidity. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) plays an important role in the tumor cell-bone interactions resulting in bone destruction. Previously, we have made an oncolytic adenovirus rAd-sTRIIFc, which expresses soluble TGFβRIIFc for targeting breast cancer bone metastasis by destroying tumor cells while simultaneously blocking the TGF-beta signaling pathway. To improve specificity in tumor killing and limit toxicity to normal cells we placed viral E1Adl01/07 gene under the control of modified human telomerase reverse transcriptase (m-hTERT) promoter or breast tissue-specific promoter.