tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Ice Diet
Authors: Brian C. Weiner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Letters17 August 2010The Ice DietBrian C. Weiner, MD, MS and Alex C. WeinerBrian C. Weiner, MD, MSFrom UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854.Search for more papers by this author and Alex C. WeinerFrom UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-4-201008170-00027 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Calorie-deficient weight loss diets are a cornerstone of obesity treatment. There is a systemic error in calorie determinations in commonly available foods. Recognition and clinical use of the consequences of this error may improve the outcomes of dietary management of obesity.Most calorie determinations are made by identifying the protein, carbohydrate, and fat contents of foods and by using their known contribution to energy: protein, 4 kcal/g; carbohydrate, 4 kcal/g; and fat, 9 kcal/g (1). Complex carbohydrates, having less available energy due to incomplete digestion, are estimated to provide 2 kcal/g (2).Water in food has not been considered to ...References1. Frary CD, Johnson RK. Energy.. In: Mahan LK, Escott-Stump S, eds. Krause's Food and Nutrition Therapy. 12th ed. St. Louis: Saunders Elsevier; 2008. Google Scholar2. Guenther PM, Jensen HH. Estimating energy contributed by fiber using a general factor of 2 vs 4 kcal/g. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100:944-6. [PMID: 10955054] CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Brian C. Weiner, MD, MS; Alex C. WeinerAffiliations: From UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, and Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 August 2010Volume 153, Issue 4Page: 279KeywordsCarbohydratesDietFatsFoodIngestionObesityProteinsRunningTemperatureWeight loss ePublished: 17 August 2010 Issue Published: 17 August 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Proton transport and cell function.
Authors: H E Ives, F C Rector
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

The past five years have witnessed an explosion of information on the many and varied roles of H+ transport in cell function. H+ transport is involved in three broad areas of cell function: (a) maintenance and alteration of intracellular pH for initiation of specific cellular events, (b) generation of pH gradients in localized regions of the cell, including gradients involved in energy transduction, and (c) transepithelial ion transport. These processes each involve one or more of several H+ translocating mechanisms. The first section of this review will discuss these H+ translocating mechanisms and the second part will deal with the cellular functions controlled by H+ transport.
Employers in China flout laws which ban the testing of employees for hepatitis B
Authors: W. Cui
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A hospital in Guandong province in China has been found guilty of passing on to employers the results of more than 1000 blood tests for hepatitis B, carried out on job applicants and employees as part of their annual health checks. Neither the employees nor the job applicants were told that they were going to be tested for hepatitis B and neither group was given the results.

The Guangzhou Public Health Bureau moved against the hospital, the Hospital of the First Engineering Bureau of the Guangdong Provincial Electric Power Bureau, after more than 1500 hepatitis B carriers petitioned it in January. The bureau suspended the hospital’s licence to provide physical examination services for one month.

Most companies will not offer employment to hepatitis B carriers and employees who are found to be carriers are likely to lose their jobs.

The hospital was the first …
Myocardial contraction velocity and acceleration in man measured by ultrasound echocardiography differentiation1
Authors: P.-E. PAULEV, J. F. PEDERSEN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1973)

Journal Article Myocardial contraction velocity and acceleration in man measured by ultrasound echocardiography differentiation Get access P.-E. PAULEV, P.-E. PAULEV With technical assistance by J. F. Nielsen, A. Northeved, and G. B. Sørensen From the Institute of Medical Physiology By and H. C. Ørsted Institute, University of Copenhagen; Ultrasonic Laboratory, Department of Surgery H, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. F. PEDERSEN J. F. PEDERSEN With technical assistance by J. F. Nielsen, A. Northeved, and G. B. Sørensen From the Institute of Medical Physiology By and H. C. Ørsted Institute, University of Copenhagen; Ultrasonic Laboratory, Department of Surgery H, Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 7, Issue 2, March 1973, Pages 266–276, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/7.2.266 Published: 01 March 1973
Care for people with neuromuscular conditions is unacceptable, say MPs and peers
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The NHS is failing people with muscular dystrophy and related conditions by providing unacceptably low standards of care, concludes a report from a cross party group of MPs and peers.

The all parliamentary group for muscular dystrophy’s national inquiry into access to specialist care found that gaps in access to specialist, multidisciplinary care are leading to huge disparities in life expectancy across the country. The result is that boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy are living up to 30 years of age in the north east of England but to just 17 or 18 years in other parts of the UK.

In his evidence to …
Outcome of patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with flavopiridol: impact of genetic features
Authors: J A Woyach, G Lozanski, A S Ruppert, A Lozanski, K A Blum, J A Jones, J M Flynn, A J Johnson, M R Grever, N A Heerema, J C Byrd
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Detection of Antibody to Hepatitis C Virus in Prospectively Followed Transfusion Recipients with Acute and Chronic Non-A, Non-B Hepatitis
Authors: Harvey J. Alter, Robert H. Purcell, James W. Shih, Jacqueline C. Melpolder, Michael Houghton, Qui-Lim Choo, George Kuo
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

We measured antibody (anti-HCV) to hepatitis C virus, which causes non-A, non-B hepatitis, by radioimmunoassay in prospectively followed transfusion recipients and their donors. Of 15 patients with chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis documented by liver biopsy, all seroconverted for the antibody; of 5 with acute resolving non-A, non-B hepatitis, 3 (60 percent) seroconverted. The development of anti-HCV was delayed (mean delay, 21.9 weeks after transfusion, or 15 weeks after the onset of clinical hepatitis) and took approximately one year in one patient. Antibody has persisted in 14 of the 15 patients with chronic disease (mean follow-up, ≥6.9 years; maximum, ≥12), but has disappeared in the 3 with acute resolving disease after a mean of 4.1 years. Anti-HCV was detected in samples of donor serum given to 14 (88 percent) of the 16 anti-HCV-positive patients for whom all donor samples were available. Only 33 percent of the anti-HCV-positive donors tested had an elevated serum concentration of alanine aminotransferase; 54 percent were positive for antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). We conclude that hepatitis C virus is the predominant agent of transfusion-associated non-A, non-B hepatitis and that screening of donors for anti-HCV could prevent the majority of cases of the disease. "Surrogate" assays for anti-HBc and alanine aminotransferase would have detected approximately half the anti-HCV-positive donors involved in the transmission of hepatitis that we identified. (N Engl J Med 1989; 321:1494–500.)
Identification of treatment goals in paediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Mark-Jan Ploegstra, Johannes M. Douwes, Marcus T.R. Roofthooft, Willemijn M.H. Zijlstra, Hans L. Hillege, Rolf M.F. Berger
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

To be able to design goal-oriented treatment strategies in paediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), we aimed to identify treatment goals by investigating the prognostic value of treatment-induced changes in noninvasive predictors of transplant-free survival. 66 consecutive, treatment-naïve paediatric PAH patients in the Dutch National Network for Paediatric Pulmonary Hypertension who started taking PAH-targeted drugs between January 2000 and April 2013 underwent prospective, standardised follow-up. Clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic measures were longitudinally collected at treatment initiation and follow-up, and their respective predictive values for transplant-free survival were assessed. Furthermore, the predictive values of treatment-induced changes were assessed. From the identified set of baseline predictors, the variables World Health Organization functional class (WHO-FC), N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) were identified as follow-up predictors in which treatment-induced changes were associated with survival. Patients in whom these variables improved after treatment showed better survival (p&lt;0.002). Therefore, WHO-FC, NT-proBNP and TAPSE are not only predictors of transplant-free survival in paediatric PAH but can also be used as treatment goals, as treatment-induced improvements in these variables are associated with improved survival. The identification of these variables allows for the introduction of goal-oriented treatment strategies in paediatric PAH.
Membrane-bound hemagglutinin mediates antibody and complement-dependent lysis of influenza virus-treated human platelets in autologous serum.
Authors: M D Kazatchkine, C R Lambré, N Kieffer, F Maillet, A T Nurden
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Influenza A virus-treated human platelets were lyzed in autologous serum. Lysis required the presence of antibody and occurred predominantly through activation of the classical complement pathway. Binding of the virus followed by its elution at 37 degrees C resulted in a dose-dependent desialation of the cells with a maximal release of 45% of total platelet sialic acid. In contrast, platelets that had been treated with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase and from which 55% of total sialic acid had been removed were not lyzed in autologous serum and did not bind C3 as shown in binding assays using radiolabeled monoclonal anti-C3 antibody. Thus, the immune-mediated lysis of virus-treated platelets in autologous serum did not involve neoantigens expressed by desialated cells. To assess the effect of viruses on the platelet surface, treated platelets were incubated with galactose oxidase and sodium [3H]borohydride prior to separation and analysis of the labeled glycoproteins by SDS-PAGE. Viral treatment resulted in a desialation of each of the surface glycoproteins. At the same time, a labeled component of Mr 72,000 (nonreduced) and Mr 55,000 (reduced) was observed that was not present when V. cholerae-desialated platelets were examined in the same way. Immunoblotting experiments performed using antiwhole virus and anti-hemagglutinin antibodies demonstrated this component to be viral hemagglutinin. Involvement of membrane-bound hemagglutinin in antibody and in complement-mediated lysis of virus-treated platelets in autologous serum was supported by the increased lytic activity of a postvaccinal serum containing an elevated titer of complement fixing anti-hemagglutinin antibodies. Binding of a viral protein to the platelet surface provides a model for immune thrombocytopenias occurring during acute viral infections at the time of the specific immune response.
Toward a Drug Development Path That Targets Metastatic Progression in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Chand Khanna, Timothy M. Fan, Richard Gorlick, Lee J. Helman, Eugenie S. Kleinerman, Peter C. Adamson, Peter J. Houghton, William D. Tap, Danny R. Welch, Patricia S. Steeg, Glenn Merlino, Poul H.B. Sorensen, Paul Meltzer, David G. Kirsch, Katherine A. Janeway, Brenda Weigel, Lor Randall, Stephen J Withrow, Melissa Paoloni, Rosandra Kaplan, Beverly A. Teicher, Nita L. Seibel, Malcolm Smith, Aykut Üren, Shreyaskumar R. Patel, Jeffrey Trent, Sharon A. Savage, Lisa Mirabello, Denise Reinke, Donald A. Barkaukas, Mark Krailo, Mark Bernstein
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Despite successful primary tumor treatment, the development of pulmonary metastasis continues to be the most common cause of mortality in patients with osteosarcoma. A conventional drug development path requiring drugs to induce regression of established lesions has not led to improvements for patients with osteosarcoma in more than 30 years. On the basis of our growing understanding of metastasis biology, it is now reasonable and essential that we focus on developing therapeutics that target metastatic progression. To advance this agenda, a meeting of key opinion leaders and experts in the metastasis and osteosarcoma communities was convened in Bethesda, Maryland. The goal of this meeting was to provide a “Perspective” that would establish a preclinical translational path that could support the early evaluation of potential therapeutic agents that uniquely target the metastatic phenotype. Although focused on osteosarcoma, the need for this perspective is shared among many cancer types. The consensus achieved from the meeting included the following: the biology of metastatic progression is associated with metastasis-specific targets/processes that may not influence grossly detectable lesions; targeting of metastasis-specific processes is feasible; rigorous preclinical data are needed to support translation of metastasis-specific agents into human trials where regression of measurable disease is not an expected outcome; preclinical data should include an understanding of mechanism of action, validation of pharmacodynamic markers of effective exposure and response, the use of several murine models of effectiveness, and where feasible the inclusion of the dog with naturally occurring osteosarcoma to define the activity of new drugs in the micrometastatic disease setting. Clin Cancer Res; 20(16); 4200–9. ©2014 AACR.
Traditional prejudice remains outside of the WEIRD world
Authors: Michal Bilewicz
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2012)

Abstract Dixon et al. accurately describe subtle mechanisms of discrimination that inhibit minorities' collective action in modern democratic societies. This commentary suggests that in contemporary non-Western societies, where ethnic conflicts are more violent, traditional overt forms of prejudice still exist and predict discrimination of ethnic and racial minorities. Thus, prejudice reduction models should and do improve intergroup relations in such contexts.
Vaccinia DNA in Blood After Smallpox Vaccination
Authors: Michael R. Savona, Patrick J. Danaher
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
References for junior doctors
Authors: P G P Lawler
Journal: BMJ (1987)

sensitivity to halothane in children with a, anti- trypsin deficiency,3 but they refer to an article in the New England 3rournal of Medicine.4Again, there is no mention of this sensitivity.This is an example ofan error compounded through misread- ing and referencing.The authors present seven cases of suspected halothane hepatitis.In case 7, however, they found no halothane antibody, but they still classified this child as having halothane hepatitis, explaining that it is possible that the antibody was produced but was undetectable.In the case report they state that a 3½/2 year old boy weighed 1800 g.This is an extremely small child.Though halothane hepatitis may occur in children, it is extremely rare, and Dr Kenna and coworkers cannot give the incidence that might be expected in children.In a review article on halothane hepatitis Stock et al concluded that there is no diagnostic test that is specific for halothane induced liver damage and that therefore the diagnosis can be made only by excluding all other causes of postoperative liver dysfunction.5Walton states that non-A, non-B hepatitis may be responsible for halothane hepatitis after a single exposure.6Thus we still cannot define specifically the diagnostic criteria for halothane hepatitis.If it exists it remains extremely rare in children and has an incidence less than that of non-A, non-B hepatitis in the general population.An extensive clinical study of preoperative liver function in asymptomatic children who received halothane and were then followed up for a long period would be needed to provide clearer conclusions.
Donor Management Does Make a Difference
Authors: Ali Salim
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
Uses of the Clinical Laboratory
Authors: Charles D. Aring
Journal: JAMA (1972)

That there is a condition of addiction to the laboratory is well known. Swamping hospital laboratories with the necessity of doing poorly considered tests does nothing for the quality of the operation. The laboratory will not substitute for clinical acumen. What it substitutes for, on occasion, is inadequate history, when for any reason it is not known what has transpired to get the patient into the fix he is in. Even then, masterly inactivity is the better policy if it can be managed. Usually the relationship is inverse between the quantity of laboratory tests and the quality of the history. One ought be a step ahead of his laboratory tests in looking toward the resolution of the problem at hand. Yet there are times when the uses of a particular test cannot be fully anticipated. Therefore, when a laboratory study is done, all the information that is in it ought
WAYS TO COMBAT EVIL.
Authors: CHAMPE S. ANDREWS
Journal: JAMA (1906)

<h3>1. An authentic source of supply for facts concerning the evils complained of, is an absolute necessity.</h3> — No amount of mere abuse will end the "patent-medicine" swindle. The catalogue of crimes and abuses with which the "patent-medicine" man stands charged must be backed up before the public and before legislative committees by cold, hard facts. An abusive statement left unverified reacts against the cause of the enthusiast who makes it; neither will the collection of facts once made remain accurate. The "patent-medicine" man, smoked out of one swindle, plans and executes another, shifting his methods to suit the dangers of every situation. "And even in pennance planning sins anew." When the continuance of one swindler is made impossible by exposure, he falls by the wayside, but others rise to take his place. The ingenuity of crime has been commented on since the dawn of civilization. If "patent-medicine" swindles are
CHEMICAL STUDIES ON HOST-VIRUS INTERACTIONS
Authors: Seymour S. Cohen, Thomas F. Anderson
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1946)

5-methyl tryptophane inhibited the multiplication of E. coli B without apparently affecting the rate of its oxygen utilization or R. Q. in a synthetic medium. E. coli B, under conditions of inhibition in the presence of this compound, was infected with the bacterial viruses T2 or T4. Infected organisms, in the presence of this compound, were unable to reproduce virus, assayable by the plaque method. Indeed, the number of infectious centers disappeared at a logarithmic rate in the presence of 5-methyl tryptophane, although the compound did not reduce the titers of B, T2, or T4, when the bacteria or viruses were exposed separately to the agent. In contrast to the irreversibility of the interference effects induced by viruses, the effects induced by short exposures to 5MT appear to be reversible on removal of the compound.