tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
INDEPENDENT US VALIDATION OF THE BRITISH COLUMBIA PCI RISK SCORE
Authors: Rohit Khurana, Sharon-Lise T. Normand, Treacy Silbaugh, Karin H. Humphries, Min Gao, Lillian Ding, Ann Lovett, David J. Cohen, Jaap N. Hamburger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Indians' Tolerance to Ethanol
Authors: Hugh H. Hussey
Journal: JAMA (1976)

Frontier stories about North American Indians' intolerance to ethanol abound. Thus, legend would favor the notion that Indians are somehow more susceptible than whites to the effects of the drug. The stories tell of Indians more quickly becoming soddenly drunk or dangerously belligerent than white men who consumed equivalent amounts of whisky. In fact, frontier traders were known to have plied Indians with white man's firewater to the end that a handful of seemingly worthless glass beads could be given in exchange for valuable pelts. (It is beyond the scope of this editorial to comment in detail about the extraordinary beauty of beadwork by Indian craftsmen.) The idea that Indians, for ethnic reasons, have an intolerance for ethanol was given credence by a study reported by Fenna et al.<sup>1</sup>Noting that casual reports indicated a longer sobering-up period for Canadian Eskimos and Indians than for whites after an alcoholic
Prolan in Urine in Extragenital Conditions
Authors: D. Woodman
Journal: BMJ (1938)

JOURNAL by congenital atrophy of the diaphragm and four cases of aerogastrie bloql6e.It iN remarkable how trivial the symptoms of megacolon may be, the condition often being recognized by the discovery of an enormous gas-containing loop of pelvic colon under the diaphragm in the couirse of a radiological examination of a patient suffering from nothing more serious than chronic conslipation.In a minority of cases recurrent attacks of severe pain from partial volvulus of the dilated pelvic colon occur.Gradual dilatation of the anal sphincter and complete evacuation XN -1..1.'...I. .....4 Fio. 7. Woman aged 43.Megacolon showing collection of gas in greatly dilated loop of pelvic colon reaching both domes of the diaphragm.-J~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~;--"--::-X 'ev f. ,, ,-Aa-* f FiG. 8. Same case as Fig. 7, after escape o g under i pesr thiough tued pa.peranum showing descent of diprg fro the -evet
Science, medicine, and the future Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: the gathering storm
Authors: S. O'Rahilly, J. Savill
Journal: BMJ (1997)

A massive increase in the global prevalence of non-insulin dependent diabetes is likely to occur as "Westernisation" of dietary habits and patterns of physical activity becomes more widespread. Advances in molecular and cellular science may provide some useful insights and therapeutic tools to assist in the fight against the severe consequences of this epidemic. These will include the better identification of specific aetiological subtypes of the disease; the identification of new drugs through the better understanding of the biology of insulin secretion and action; and the targeting of therapies to specific subtypes of the disease. In addition, knowledge of the precise mode of action and antidiabetes drugs may facilitate the design of more effective non-pharmacological manipulations; the genetic identification of "high risk" asymptomatic people may allow us to target screening and preventive strategies more effectively; and investigations into the mechanisms that underlie the link between low birth weight and later diabetes should provide new routes towards treatment and prevention. Barriers to the implementation of the global measures required to stem the predicted flood of non-insulin dependent diabetes may prove insuperable, but if we are to have any success, then close collaboration between clinicians, epidemiologists, public health physicians, and laboratory scientists will be essential.
Failure of Gloves and Other Protective Devices to Prevent Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus to Oral Surgeons
Authors: Arthur L. Reingold
Journal: JAMA (1988)

A survey of 434 oral surgeons was conducted to examine risk factors for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Overall, 112 (26%) of the participants demonstrated serologic evidence of past or current infection with HBV. Seropositivity was significantly associated with age, number of years in practice, and year of graduation from dental school but not with other variables examined, such as the number of patients seen annually or the number of patients seen who were at high risk of HBV infection. The strong correlation between years in practice and seropositivity was unaffected by reported use of gloves, face masks, or eye shields. The use of gloves and other protective devices does not appear to offer substantial protection against HBV exposure in oral surgeons, and all oral surgeons should receive HBV vaccine.
Differential Diagnosis Between Kaposi??s Sarcoma and Pseudo-Kaposi??s Arteriovenous Malformation by Scintigraphy
Authors: S ZALTZMAN, J OPHIR, S BRENNER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

Kaposi's sarcoma and pseudo-Kaposi's arteriovenous malformation differ greatly in cause, evolution, prognosis, and treatment; yet their clinical macroscopic manifestations are similar. A simple and safe method of distinguishing between them is described.
Food Allergy: Adverse Reactions to Foods and Food Additives
Authors: Katherine Gundling
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Influence of staphylococcal enterotoxin on water and electrolyte transport in the small intestine.
Authors: J Elias, R Shields
Journal: Gut (1976)

The direct and indirect effects of staphylococcal enterotoxins A and C on the flux of water, sodium, and potassium have been studied in paired Thiry Vella fistulae in dogs. Administration of toxin resulted in a significant decrease in absorption, both in the loop to which the toxin had been administered and its pair. This decrease in absorption was associated with a decrease in movement out of the lumen, movement into the lumen remaining relatively unchanged. The mechanism of action of staphylococcal enterotoxins is discussed, and comparisons made with other enterotoxins.
Noninvasive Quantification and Optimization of Acute Cell Retention by In Vivo Positron Emission Tomography After Intramyocardial Cardiac-Derived Stem Cell Delivery
Authors: John Terrovitis, Riikka Lautamäki, Michael Bonios, James Fox, James M. Engles, Jianhua Yu, Michelle K. Leppo, Martin G. Pomper, Richard L. Wahl, Jurgen Seidel, Benjamin M. Tsui, Frank M. Bengel, M. Roselle Abraham, Eduardo Marbán
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Treatment of osteomalacia with oral 1-alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 in a patient with malabsorption.
Authors: J E Compston, L W Horton, J R Tighe
Journal: BMJ (1977)

CommentThe maximum AFP concentration of 7 4 g/l recorded for our patient is, to our knowledge, the highest value ever reported.To appear as a separate band on routine electrophoresis, AFP must be nresent in a concentration exceeding 0-5 g/l.
Urinary cysteinyl leukotriene E<sub>4</sub> is associated with increased risk for pain and acute chest syndrome in adults with sickle cell disease
Authors: Joshua J. Field, James Krings, Nicole L. White, Yan Yan, Morey A. Blinder, Robert C. Strunk, Michael R. DeBaun
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

Abstract Leukotriene E 4 (LTE 4 ) levels are associated with rate of pain episodes in children with sickle cell disease (SCD). Because complications of SCD manifest differently in adults than children, we examined a cohort of adults with SCD to determine the relationship between baseline LTE 4 and SCD‐related morbidity. Baseline LTE 4 levels were associated with increased rates of pain and acute chest syndrome (ACS) episodes, when those with LTE 4 values in the highest tertile were compared with those in the lowest tertile (pain: risk ratio 7.1, 95% CI 1.8–27.5, P = 0.005; ACS: risk ratio 12.2, 95% CI 2.1–69.8, P = 0.005). Am. J. Hematol., 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prediction of Malignant Behavior of Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas Using Immunohistochemical Techniques
Authors: Nobue Kumaki, Hiroshi Kajiwara, Kaori Kameyama, Ronald A DeLellis, Sylvia L Asa, R Yoshiyuki Osamura, Hiroshi Takami
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2002)
Bexarotene treatment does not clear β-Amyloid in an AD mouse model and Beagle dogs
Authors: Ina Tesseur, Adrian Lo, Anouk Roberfroid, Sofie Dietvorst, Bianca Van Broeck, Marianne Borgers, Harrie Gijsen, Diederik Moechars, Marc Mercken, John Kemp, Rudi D’Hooge, Bart De Strooper
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2013)

Background In our aging society Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is becoming more and more prevalent while effective symptomatic therapeutics remain limited and no cure is available. ApoE4 is the most important genetic risk factor for AD. Previous results by Cramer et al. [1] showed that Bexarotene treatment reduced Ab in the brain of wild type and AD model mice via an apoE-mediated clearance mechanism. Bexarotene, an RXR agonist, is an FDA approved drug for cutaneous T cell lymphoma and hence a preferred candidate for clinical testing. In this study we attempted to replicate the data by Cramer et al. [1].
Ascites Causing a False-Positive Radionuclide Liver Image
Authors: ARVIS G. WILLIAMS, JAMES H. CHRISTIE, FRED A. METTLER, JEFFREY D. WICKS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

False-positive radionuclide liver images can occur due to impingement on the liver by adjacent normal anatomic structures or adjacent pathologic masses or fluid collections. A patient with ascites in the anterior subphrenic space had an apparent “cold” lesion in the left lobe of the liver. Ultrasonography demonstrated a normal left lobe and localized the fluid collection.
Murine antiidiotypic monoclonal antibodies that bear the internal image of HLA-DR allospecificities.
Authors: F Perosa, S Ferrone
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

Hybridization of murine myeloma cells P3-X63-Ag8.653 with splenocytes from a BALB/c mouse immunized with the syngeneic anti HLA-DR1,4,w6,w8,w9 MAb AC1.59 resulted in the development of 108 hybridomas secreting antiidiotypic antibodies. 100 of them inhibited the binding of MAb AC1.59 to target cells. Detailed analysis of the antiidiotypic MAb F5-444, F5-830, F5-963, F5-1126, F5-1336, and F5-1419 showed that all of them recognize idiotopes within or spatially close to the antigen combining site of MAb AC1.59. In cross-blocking experiments, the six antiidiotypic MAbs cross-blocked each other. It is likely that the six MAbs recognize spatially close, but not identical idiotopes because they elicited antiantiidiotypic antibodies of different or similar, but not identical specificity and differ in their ability to elicit anti-HLA class II antibodies. The latter, which were found only in sera from BALB/c mice immunized with antiidiotypic MAb F5-444 and F5-830, mimic the specificity of MAb AC1.59 and express the idiotope defined by the immunizing antiidiotypic MAb. These results indicate that the MAb F5-444 and F5-830 are antiidiotypes beta and the remaining four are antiidiotypes gamma.
Inhalation of the Nitric Oxide Synthase Cofactor Tetrahydrobiopterin in Healthy Volunteers
Authors: ROLAND WALTER, NENAD BLAU, ANDREAS SCHAFFNER, MARKUS SCHNEEMANN, RUDOLF SPEICH, RETO STOCKER, BÄRBEL NAUJECK, GABRIELE SCHOEDON
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Pulmonary endothelial dysfunction is the hallmark of acute lung injury. Impaired pulmonary endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production in this event has been described. Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is an essential cofactor for NO synthase and modulator of its activity. At high local concentrations, BH4 provokes local vasodilation in vivo in healthy individuals. At lower concentrations, BH4 selectively and locally restores disturbed NO-dependent vasodilation in patients with endothelial dysfunction. In this preliminary study, we therefore investigated the feasibility of BH4 inhalation in five healthy human volunteers. Inhalation of buffered, aqueous BH4-dihydrochloride solution was well tolerated; despite the buffer, BH4 stability was completely preserved. Resorption of inhaled BH4 was demonstrated by significantly increased BH4 levels in plasma and urine. Inhaled BH4 did not alter pulmonary function and had no effect on systemic hemodynamic values. Our data demonstrate that inhalation is a novel method for local BH4 administration, offering a basic therapeutic tool for investigation of restoration of impaired NO-dependent vasodilation due to pulmonary endothelial dysfunction.
EPICARDIAL ADIPOSE TISSUE AS A PREDICTOR OF NEW-ONSET METABOLIC SYNDROMES IN THE KOREAN RURAL MIDDLE-AGED POPULATION: THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK OF RURAL AREAS IN KOREA GENERAL POPULATION (ARIRANG) STUDY
Authors: Sung Gyun Ahn, Song Vogue Ahn, Lee Ji-Hyun, Jun-Won Lee, Young-Jin Youn, Min Soo Ahn, Jang-Young Kim, Byung-Su Yoo, Seung-Hwan Lee, Junghan Yoon, Kyung-Hoon Choe
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Long-term survival in Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia: 10-year follow-up of Southwest Oncology Group–directed intergroup trial S9003
Authors: Madhav V. Dhodapkar, Antje Hoering, Morie A. Gertz, Saul Rivkin, Jackie Szymonifka, John Crowley, Bart Barlogie
Journal: Blood (2008)
Examination, "Is That All There Is" to Medical Licensing?
Authors: Ray L. Casterline
Journal: JAMA (1972)

A ballad popularized recently by songstress Peggy Lee<sup>1</sup>is in the sentimental-romantic mood of that form of poetic composition, and of a type rarely featured in medical journals. Yet the title of that haunting melody embodies much that is pertinent to this comment on medical licensing: Determination of a physician's fitness to practice, through assessment of his ability to recall material from the "core" of medical knowledge and by measurement of his competence in the solution of clinical problems, falls far short of being<i>all there is</i>to medical licensing. However, with but brief exposure to such matters, many physicians properly gain the feeling that the ability to master the intellectual challenge of such examinations really<i>is all there is</i>. In this they have much in common with the legendary blind men whose description of the elephant was based on limited experience and inadequate exposure to its morphologic features.
TRAIL Receptors 1 (DR4) and 2 (DR5) Signal FADD-Dependent Apoptosis and Activate NF-κB
Authors: Pascal Schneider, Margot Thome, Kim Burns, Jean-Luc Bodmer, Kay Hofmann, Takao Kataoka, Nils Holler, Jürg Tschopp
Journal: Immunity (1997)
Sodium Polyethylene Sulfonate Effects on Serum Lipids and Blood Coagulation
Authors: PETER T. KUO, F. THOMAS HOPKINS, HAROLD WURZEL
Journal: Circulation Research (1958)

This investigation was undertaken in view of the interest lately aroused in the association of plasma lipids with atherosclerosis. Observations on the antilipemic and anticoagulant activities in man of sodium polyethylene sulfonate, a new drug with heparin-like properties, are presented. Alteration of the serum lipoprotein patterns of these patients observed during the course of the drug administration is also described.
Hepatitis B virus infection in patients with rheumatic diseases.
Authors: H Permin, J Aldershvile, J O Nielsen
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

Two hundred and thirty-nine patients with different rheumatic diseases were investigated for serological markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. An increased prevalence of anti-HBs was found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The total prevalence of HBV markers in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica, temporal arteritis, juvenile and adult rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic sclerosis was not significantly different from age-matched controls. Remarkably, 6 patients were HBsAg-positive of whom 3 had RA (4%). Two patients with RA were "healthy9 HBsAg carriers. The third patient had circulating HBeAg as well and had shown progression from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis during the time of observation. Three of 18 patients with polyarteritis nodosa were HBsAg- and HBeAg-positive, and all 3 were young men. Clinical improvement was seen in one of these patients and was associated with seroconversion from HBeAg to anti-HBe. Our data do not support the theory that HBV is an aetiological factor in rheumatic diseases except in some cases of polyarteritis nodosa.
Sphygmomanometers in hospital and family practice: problems and recommendations.
Authors: M J Burke, H M Towers, K O'Malley, D J Fitzgerald, E T O'Brien
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The accuracy and working condition of 210 sphygmomanometers were tested: 100 (50 and mercury and 50 aneroid) models were used in family practices and 100 mercury models in hospitals. Faults in the inflation-deflation system were common and caused mainly by dirt or wear in the control valves. Leakage occurred in 48% of the hospital and 33% of the family practice sphygmomanometers. In the mercury models the mercury or air vents were often in an unsatisfactory condition or the calibrated glass tube dirty. The accuracy of the gauges was examined at 90 and 150 mm Hg: fewer than 2% of the mercury sphygmomanometers but 30% of the aneroid models had errors greater than +/- 4 mm Hg at either pressure. Over half of the cuffs examined had bladders widths less than the recommended size, and 94% had bladders shorter than the length recommended for use on normal adults. Mercury sphygmomanometers should be bought in preference to aneroid models as they are more accurate, less expensive in the long term, and can be maintained by the owner; they should be checked every six to 12 months depending on usage. Replacement parts should be kept readily available.
IMMUNOHISTOLOGIC STUDIES ON ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY REACTIONS IN THE AVASCULAR CORNEA
Authors: Frederick G. Germuth, A. Edward Maumenee, Laurence B. Senterfit, Abou D. Pollack
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1962)

The injection of antigen into the center of the avascular cornea of homologously sensitized animals induced a ring of opacification between the center of the cornea and the limbus. This ring of opacification was composed of a line of deeply eosinophilic amorphous material in a matrix of swollen collagen fibers, palisaded by polymorphonuclear leucocytes. By use of fluor-tagged antigen, it was shown that the line of damage in the cornea coincided with the precipitation of antigen presumably by antibody entering the cornea from the limbal vessels. With the passage of time, the antigen-antibody precipitates were removed, at least in part by phagocytosis, and the ring of opacification was replaced by ingrowing blood vessels surrounded by plasma cells. Treatment of sensitized animals with nitrogen mustard showed that antigen-antibody interaction could injure the corneal stroma in the relative absence of polymorphonuclear leucocytes.
Methyldopa and Hydrochlorothiazide in Primary Hypertension
Authors: William R. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Forty-five hypertensive patients were given hydrochlorothiazide for 1 month and were then allocated at random to one of three treatment groups: methyldopa and hydrochlorothiazide, methyldopa alone, or hydrochlorothiazide alone. Combination of hypotensive drugs reduced supine mean arterial pressure more effectively than methyldopa alone. Methyldopa and hydrochlorothiazide may have a slightly greater depressor effect on supine blood pressure than a thiazide alone, but the difference was not statistically significant in this study. Combination produced a significantly greater decrease in standing mean arterial pressure than did either drug alone. Pulse rate was modestly reduced in patients who received methyldopa. The mild increase in body weight after methyldopa alone was not seen in the other two groups. Serious toxicity was not observed in this short-term trial.
Esophageal squamous papilloma in children
Authors: J. Rebeuh, S. Willot, D. Bouron-Dal Soglio, N. Patey, D. Herzog, C. Faure
Journal: Endoscopy (2011)

Esophageal squamous papilloma (ESP) is a rare and benign epithelial lesion occurring typically in adults aged 50 and over [1].
COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE VIRUSES OF VESICULAR STOMATITIS AND EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS (1)
Authors: Peter K. Olitsky, Herald R. Cox, Jerome T. Syverton
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1934)

We have studied certain properties, additional to those previously described (3), of the virus of vesicular stomatitis of horses, and of the characteristic biological reactions of the virus of equine encephalomyelitis. It has been found that the virus of stomatitis, ordinarily dermotropic, can acquire neurotropism and the neurotropic encephalomyelitis virus can, in turn, be rendered dermotropic in its action. The neurotropism in both instances is associated with definite, although not pronounced, viscerotropism. Both viruses can bring about a similar infection in the white mouse, rat, guinea pig, rabbit, and rhesus or cynomolgus monkeys. Of these animals, rabbits show the lowest degree of susceptibility and mice the highest, especially after intracerebral inoculation. The mouse is the best animal for work with these viruses because of the uniform and rapidly lethal encephalitis which can be induced in it. Moreover, the mouse is highly sensitive to the instillation of the viruses in the nasal passages: 1 to 10 million dilution sufficing to induce a fatal encephalitis. The uninjured nasal mucosa of mice appears, therefore, to be as susceptible to experimental infection as the traumatized brain or pads of animals. The microscopic changes accompanying the reactions to both viruses reveal, in rapidly lethal infections, pronounced destructive lesions in the cells of the central nervous system. When the experimental disease is more protracted in its course, however, these lesions are associated with beginning productive, inflammatory reactions, consisting chiefly of mononuclear infiltrations. In the latter instances, characteristic, intranuclear inclusion bodies can be more readily observed. Both viruses can be cultivated with facility in the medium of minced chicken embryonic tissue suspended in Tyrode's solution, although 24 to 48 hour old chicks are refractory to artificial infection. No cross-immunity reactions occur between the two strains of stomatitis virus or between them and the encephalomyelitis strain. The viruses are evidently similar in many biological properties. In view of the fact that the horse is the natural host for both, it is suggested that they may be generically related. They are not, of course, identical since cross-immunity between them does not exist. The absence of cross-immunity does not, however, exclude the possibility of a generic relationship, for there are at least three immunologically distinct types of foot-and-mouth disease, two of vesicular stomatitis, and two of equine encephalomyelitis (14) virus.