tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blunted Counterregulatory Hormone Responses to Hypoglycemia in Young Children and Adolescents With Well-Controlled Type 1 Diabetes
Journal: Diabetes Care (2009)

OBJECTIVE Hypoglycemia in young children with type 1 diabetes is an acute complication of intensive insulin therapy and is commonly observed in the absence of signs or symptoms. The effect of intensive treatment and patient age on sympathoadrenal responses has not been established in youth with type 1 diabetes because of difficulties in testing procedures. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We developed a standardized inpatient continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion protocol to produce a progressive fall in plasma glucose concentrations in insulin pump–treated patients. Plasma glucose and counterregulatory hormone concentrations were measured in 14 young children (3 to &amp;lt;8 years, A1C 7.7 ± 0.6%) vs. 14 adolescents (12 to &amp;lt;18 years, A1C 7.6 ± 0.8%). RESULTS Plasma glucose decreased to similar nadir concentrations in the two groups. Four young children and four adolescents never had an epinephrine response. In the four young children and five adolescents who had a modest epinephrine response, this only occurred when plasma glucose fell to &amp;lt;60 mg/dl. In evaluating symptom scores, 29% of parents of young children felt that their child looked hypoglycemic, even at the lowest plasma glucose concentrations. Adolescents were better able to detect symptoms of hypoglycemia. In comparison with our data, epinephrine response to hypoglycemia in 14 nondiabetic adolescents studied at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh was higher. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that even young children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes are prone to develop hypoglycemia-associated autonomic failure regardless of duration. Whether these abnormalities can be reversed using continuous glucose monitoring and closed-loop insulin delivery systems awaits further study.
Abstract 3562: The Ala12 Variant of the <i>PPARG</i> Gene is Associated with Higher Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Adipose Tissue and Attenuates the Protective Effect of Polyunsaturated Fat Intake on the Risk of MI
Authors: Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Peter Kraft, Hannia Campos
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Intake of polyunsaturated fat is protective against development of coronary heart disease (CHD). Less is known about genetic variation modulating this association. The Ala12 allele of the PPARG gene decreases lipolysis of triacylglycerols in adipose tissue, resulting in accumulation of fatty acids in adipocytes. Objective: Determine whether the Pro12Ala polymorphism interacts with polyunsaturated fat intake to affect the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Design: Cases (n=1805) with a first nonfatal acute MI and age, sex and area of residence matched population-based controls (n=1805) living in Costa Rica, were genotyped for the PPARG Pro12Ala genetic polymorphism. Polyunsaturated fat intake was determined by a validated food frequency questionnaire and by GC analysis in adipose tissue. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for MI were estimated using logistic regression. Results: The relative allele frequencies of the Ala12 allele were 10% in controls and 11% in cases. ORs (95% CI) for MI per each 5% increase of energy from polyunsaturated fat were 0.66 (0.53, 0.82) in Pro12/Pro12 subjects, and 0.93 (0.61, 1.42) in carriers of the Ala12 allele (p for interaction = 0.03). Increments (95% CI) of polyunsaturated fat in adipose tissue per 5% increment in dietary intake were 5.4% (4.9%, 5.9%) in Pro12/Pro12 homozygous, and 7.0% (6.0%, 8.0%) in carriers of the Ala12 variant (p for homogeneity of slopes = 0.02). Conclusions: The protective effect of polyunsaturated fat intake on MI is attenuated in carriers of the Ala12 allele of the PPARG gene.
BRG1 expression is increased in human cutaneous melanoma
Authors: H. Lin, R.P.C. Wong, M. Martinka, G. Li
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Summary Background The SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex plays important roles in cellular processes including cell differentiation, cell cycle control and DNA repair. Aberrant expression of SWI/SNF subunits is involved in cancer development. The core subunit of the SWI/SNF complex, SNF5, has been shown to be inactivated in malignant rhabdoid tumours and has been defined as a tumour suppressor. However, the role of the catalytic subunit, BRG1, is not well defined in cancer. Objectives To investigate the role of BRG1 in melanoma development, we examined the expression of BRG1 in melanocytic lesions at different stages and analysed the correlation between BRG1 expression and clinicopathological variables and patient survival. Methods Using tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry, we evaluated BRG1 staining in 48 dysplastic naevi, 90 primary melanomas and 47 metastatic melanomas. We studied melanoma cell proliferative ability with reduced BRG1 expression by small interfering RNA using cell proliferation assay and cell cycle analysis. Results We found that BRG1 expression was increased in primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma compared with dysplastic naevi (P < 0·0001). We did not find any correlation between BRG1 expression and melanoma patient survival. In addition, we demonstrated that knockdown of BRG1 in melanoma cell lines resulted in significantly reduced cell proliferative ability. This reduced cell proliferation is due to G1 phase arrest as cyclin D1 is downregulated upon BRG1 knockdown. Conclusions Our data indicate that BRG1 is significantly increased in human melanoma and is involved in melanoma initiation.
Studies on Fluorinated Pyrimidines XVII. Tissue Distribution of 5-Fluorouracil-2-C14 and 5-Fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine in Cancer Patients
Authors: Kanai Lal Mukherjee, A. R. Curreri, Manucher Javid, Charles Heidelberger
Journal: Cancer Research (1963)

Summary  The uptake of radioactivity into the tumor and corresponding normal tissues after injections of 5-fluorouracil- (FU) and 5-fluoro-2′-deoxyuridine-2-C14 (FUDR) was studied in resected tissues of patients having different types of cancer. The specific activity of tumors varied considerably but was usually higher than the corresponding normal tissues, except in some cases of carcinoma of the colon, where the tumor and the intestinal mucosa had similar uptakes of the drugs. There was a rough correspondence between the amount of cellularity of the tumor and the drug uptake. Individual variations in the ability to convert the drugs into the nucleotides, the active forms of the drugs, were found in the tumors of the same tissue. There was a higher conversion of FUDR to nucleotides in carcinomas of the colon than in normal intestinal mucosa. Although the specific activities of some astrocytomas were high, the capacity of this type of tumor to convert the drug to the nucleotides was poor. Quantitative recovery of radioactivity in two segments of the intestine containing two different tumors, isolated surgically from the rest of the circulation, was possible after intra-arterial injections of labeled FU and FUDR.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Diseases of the Hair
Authors: Lee McCarthy
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effect of Monoclonal Antibodies Anti-2H9, Anti-IRac, and Anti-HeFi-1 on the Surface Antigens of Reed-Sternberg Cells
Authors: S M Hsu, Y S Ho, P L Hsu
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The interaction of 3 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs)--anti-HeFi-1, anti-2H9, and anti-IRac--with Reed-Sternberg (RS) cells was examined in vitro. MAb anti-2H9 induced specific modulation of the corresponding antigen (Ag) from the cell surface. Cell-bound anti-2H9 antibody (Ab)-Ag complexes rapidly disappeared during incubation of cells at 37 degrees C for 2-4 hours. This early loss was followed by reappearance of the Ag on the cell surface within 4-12 hours. In contrast, anti-HeFi-1 and anti-IRac bound avidly to the surface of RS cells and persisted for more than 3 days. During this period, there were no significant changes in the expression of HeFi-1 or IRac Ag on the surface of tumor cells. Cell surface-bound Abs were distributed uniformly, and there was no evidence of microaggregation, as determined by electron microscopy. None of the 3 MAbs was directly cytotoxic or exhibited complement-mediated cytotoxicity. On the basis of these findings (persistence of anti-HeFi-1 and anti-IRac on the cell surface), these 2 MAbs may be suitable for immunoimaging and immunotherapy for Hodgkin's disease.
Abstract P071: How to Get a Better Night’s Sleep: Be Active and Reduce Sedentary Behaviour
Authors: Lisa Kakinami, Erin K O'Loughlin, Jennifer Brunet, Erika N Dugas, Catherine Sabiston, Jennifer L O'Loughlin
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Approximately 40% of the population reports sleep problems such as poor quality sleep and insufficient sleep duration. Physical activity (PA) can help improve sleep, but data on whether PA intensity or duration is most strongly associated with sleep are lacking. In addition, given that sedentary behaviour (e.g., TV, computer use) is distinct from physical inactivity, the association between sedentary behaviour and sleep in young adults needs to be characterized. Objective: To describe the relationships between sleep quality and sleep duration and (1) frequency and duration of light, moderate, and vigorous PA, and (2) different types of sedentary behaviours (TV, computer, reading) in young adults. Methods: Self-report data for 658 participants were from the 22nd wave of the Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) cohort study (mean age=24.0 years, 46% male [300 of 658]). PA measures assessed frequency (number of days) and minutes of light, moderate and vigorous PA in the past week. Sedentary measures assessed number of hours spent reading, watching TV, and using the computer per day. Sleep measures included (1) the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) which assessed seven dimensions of sleep (daytime dysfunction, disturbances, duration, efficiency, latency, quality, use of sleeping medications), (2) general sleep quality, and (3) sleep duration in the past month. General sleep quality and sleep duration were two separate additional measures distinct from similar PSQI items (r=0.73 between general sleep quality and PSQI score; r=0.69 between sleep duration and PSQI score). Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression. Due to evidence of non-normality the PSQI score was log-transformed. Results: Controlling for age, sex, and maternal education, each additional day of light or vigorous PA was associated with 3 minutes less sleep per night (p&lt;0.05). Each additional 10 minutes of moderate PA was associated with greater general sleep quality (β=0.004, p=0.04). TV was associated with a poorer PSQI score (β=0.01, p&lt;0.05) and each additional hour of reading was associated with 2 minutes less sleep per night (p=0.04). Computer use was associated with a poorer PSQI score (β=0.02, p=0.005) and poorer sleep quality (β=-0.02, p=0.05). Results were similar when sedentary and PA measures were included in the same model. The inclusion of body mass index, self-rated mental and general health, and stress did not affect the results and were omitted from the final models. Conclusion: PA and sedentary behaviours are independently associated with sleep duration and quality. Sedentary behaviours are associated with poorer sleep duration and quality. In contrast, PA frequency may decrease sleep duration while PA duration may improve sleep quality. Clinicians who treat sleep problems in young adults may need to take PA and sedentary behavior into account in treatment plans.
Abstract 16945: Is Exercise Intensity Associated with Clinical or Echocardiographic Outcomes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy?
Authors: Eugene C DePasquale, Constantinos O’Mahony, Vishal Amin, Perry M Elliott, William J McKenna, Rachel Lampert
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Guidelines recommend against high intensity athletic activity in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). However, the impact of exercise on outcomes or disease progression has not been previously investigated. Methods: HCM patients with ICDs (N=210) from a single referral center with outcomes collected over mean FU of 4.4 ± 4.1 years participated in a telephone survey regarding their lifetime athletic participation. Cumulative yearly hours engaging in sports >1A intensity (Bethesda guidelines defined) were quantified and averaged over age (“Sports-hours”). Associations of “sports-hours” with outcomes of death/transplant (TX), appropriate ICD shock, and changes in echo parameters between the earliest and latest available echos (mean 8.5 ± 5.2 years apart) were analyzed. Results: Patients’ mean age was 50 ± 14 years, 62% were male, and 17 were NYHA class 3/4. Four died, 7 underwent Tx and 55 received an ICD shock (20 appropriate; 35 inappropriate) during FU. 183 pts had participated in sports > 1A in...
Military Probes Epidemic of Suicide
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The influence of externalized Groshong catheters or subcutaneously implanted ports on normal daily activities of cancer patients
Authors: G. Romano, A. Tartarone, R. Ardito, A. Bochicchio, A. Capobianco, M. Coccaro, P. Di Leo, C. Musto, N. Di Renzo, G. Lelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

8155 Background: The protracted continuous infusion of drugs by means of venous access systems is a common modality of chemotherapy administration. We investigated the impact of externalised Groshong catheters (EGC) or subcutaneously implanted ports (SIP) on normal daily activities of cancer patients. Methods: A questionnaire investigating the psychological adaptation to the presence of EGC or SIP was administered to cancer patients. In particular, patients were asked to answer some questions exploring the level of disturbance on daily personal care, social relations, working environment and sexuality. Cases with catheter-related complications (thrombosis, infections) were excluded from analysis. Results: Eighty-six patients were evaluated. The characteristics of 28 patients with EGC were: males/females: 14 (50%)/14 (50%), PS 0–1/2–3: 24 (86%)/4 (14%), metastatic disease/non metastatic: 18 (64%)/10 (36%). Characteristics of 58 patients with SIP were: males/females: 34 (58%)/24 (42%), PS 0–1/2–3: 50 (86%)/8 (14%), metastatic disease/non metastatic: 34 (58%)/24 (42%). Sixty-four per cent of patients with EGC felt uncomfortable in social relations because of device presence, compared with 27% of patients with SIP. Sixty-four per cent of patients with EGC complained about the difficulty in daily personal cleanliness, compared to 17% of patients with SIP. As for patients not retired, 71% of patients with EGC asserted to be embarrassed in the working environment compared to 18% of patients with SIP. Regarding sexuality, respectively in the two groups ECG/SIC, 70%/63% reported some troubles in sexual activity, and, respectively 28%/9% attributed these disturbances to device presence. Conclusions: With respect to subcutaneously implanted ports, the presence of externalised devices for chemotherapy administration causes a significant increase in the level of disturbance in various aspects of daily life. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 15588: Dietary Choline and Betaine Intakes are Associated with Incident Cardiovascular Disease Events and Left Ventricular Mass: The Jackson Heart Study
Authors: Heather R Millard, Solomon K Musani, DeMarc A Hickson, Jiankang Liu, Sameera A Talegawkar, Herman A Taylor, Katherine L Tucker, Aurelian Bidulescu
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Acute choline deficiency in rodent models causes lipid accumulation in liver, heart and arterial tissues. Alternatively, some studies reported an association between increased blood concentrations of total choline and cardiovascular disease. Several mechanisms have been described through which dietary intake of choline and its derivative betaine may be associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. Thus, we assessed the association between these two essential nutrients and cardiovascular risk. Methods: We analyzed data on food frequency questionnaire and baseline visit measurements on 3,924 Jackson Heart Study African American participants. Multivariable linear regression models were used to assess the association between choline and betaine intake with carotid intima-media thickness, coronary artery calcium, abdominal aortic calcium, and left ventricular mass. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate associations between choline and betaine intake with time to incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. Results: During an average seven years of follow-up, 129 incident CHD events and 100 incident stroke events were documented. Greater choline intake was associated with lower left ventricular mass (p = 0.0006 for trend across the choline quartiles, in women). After adjusting for cardiovascular disease risk factors including age, BMI, smoking, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, plasma creatinine, cholesterol fractions, plasma homocysteine and dietary variables (intake of total energy, alcohol, folate, methionine, vitamins B6 and B12), choline intake appeared to be protective against incident stroke in men, HR = 0.19 (0.04, 0.82), when comparing the third quartile of intake to the lowest quartile of intake. In women, unexpectedly, participants in the third quartile of betaine intake showed an increased risk of incident CHD, relative to the lowest quartile, HR = 2.06 (1.02, 4.18). Conclusion: Higher dietary choline intake was associated with decreased left ventricular mass in both men and women, and appeared to be protective against incident stroke among men. The observation of greater risk of incident CHD with higher betaine intake among women requires further investigation.
Fibulin-3 as a Biomarker for Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Kevin Lamote, Paul Baas, Jan P van Meerbeeck
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2013)

ization.Recently published results of a substudy of TRILOGY ACS on platelet function showed a lower frequency of high on-treatment platelet reactivity with prasugrel than with clopidogrel but no independent association between on-treatment platelet reactivity and ischemic outcomes. 1Dedicated pharmacogenomics analyses involving a portion of the trial population are under way.As further analyses from the trial are completed, we believe that a story will unfold that will provide insights into the mechanism underlying the main trial results and inform treatment options for patients with acute coronary syndromes who are treated without revascularization.
ARTERIALIZATION OF INTERNAL JUGULAR BLOOD DURING HYPERVENTILATION AS AN AID IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTRACRANIAL VASCULAR TUMORS
Authors: M LOGAN, E B FERRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

Article1 August 1947ARTERIALIZATION OF INTERNAL JUGULAR BLOOD DURING HYPERVENTILATION AS AN AID IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTRACRANIAL VASCULAR TUMORSMYRTLE LOGAN, M.D., EUGENE B. FERRIS, M.D., F.A.C.P., GEORGE L. ENGEL, M.D., JOSEPH P. EVANS, M.D.MYRTLE LOGAN, M.D., EUGENE B. FERRIS, M.D., F.A.C.P., GEORGE L. ENGEL, M.D., JOSEPH P. EVANS, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-27-2-220 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe diagnosis of intracranial vascular tumors is important because treatment is, as a rule, nonsurgical; often roentgenological treatment is the procedure of choice. In the diagnosis of vascular tumors certain criteria have been useful: (a) Roentgenologic evidence of calcification of the vessel walls; (b) Roentgenologic evidence of a vascular pattern from erosion of the inner table of the skull; (c) Pneumoencephalographic evidence of a space-consuming lesion as indicated by depression of the ventricle with, however, an apparent increase in the depth of the subarachnoid spaces over the convexity; (d) The presence of a bruit; (e) The presence of angiomata in...Bibliography1. ENGELFERRISRAPOPORTLOGANSTEVENS GLEBSMCD: Hyperventilation. II. The relation between changes in electroencephalographic mean frequency and arterial and jugular blood; simultaneous study of venous bloods of varying cranial origins. (In press.) Google Scholar2. MYERSONHALLORANHIRSCH ARDHL: Technique for obtaining blood from the internal jugular vein and internal carotid artery, Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1927, xvii, 807. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. FERRISRYDER EBHW: (Unpublished data). Google Scholar4. BATSON OU: Anatomical problems concerned in the study of cerebral blood flow, Federation Proc., 1944, iii, 139. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cincinnati, Ohio*Received for publication October 22, 1946.From the Departments of Internal Medicine, Psychiatry, and Surgery, University of Cincinnati, College of Medicine, Cincinnati. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byRed cerebral veins and the cerebral steal syndromeInternal Jugular Oxygen Saturation and Arteriovenous Oxygen Difference During Artificial Embolization of Arteriovenous MalformationsReferencesOXYTOCIC AND ANTIDIURETIC ACTIVITY IN BLOOD FROM THE INTERNAL JUGULAR VEIN IN MANPhysiologic Studies of Arteriovenous Anomalies of the Brain 1 August 1947Volume 27, Issue 2Page: 220-224KeywordsAIDSBloodLesionsPneumoencephalographySkullSubarachnoid hemorrhageSurgery ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1947 PDF downloadLoading ...