tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Racial Differences in Outcome in the Multicenter UnSustained Tachycardia Trial (MUSTT)
Authors: Andrea M. Russo, Gail E. Hafley, Kerry L. Lee, Nicholas J. Stamato, Michael H. Lehmann, Richard L. Page, Teresa Kus, Alfred E. Buxton
Journal: Circulation (2003)

The Multicenter UnSustained Tachycardia Trial (MUSTT) demonstrated the benefit of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) in patients with coronary disease, asymptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and reduced left ventricular function. Previous studies have shown racial differences in risk of sudden death in patients with ischemic heart disease. We analyzed the influence of race on results of MUSTT. Whites were more likely to have prior revascularization and inducible, randomizable sustained ventricular arrhythmias and less likely to have left ventricular hypertrophy than were blacks. Compared with blacks, whites randomly assigned to electrophysiologically (EP)-guided therapy had a lower risk of arrhythmic death/cardiac arrest (adjusted P=0.003) and lower total mortality rates (adjusted P=0.051). In contrast, there was no racial difference in the risk of arrhythmic death/cardiac arrest among patients randomly assigned to no EP-guided therapy (adjusted P=0.477). Among whites, EP-guided therapy resulted in a survival benefit compared with no EP-guided therapy. However, survival of blacks randomly assigned to no EP-guided therapy was better than blacks receiving EP-guided therapy. This difference is partially explained by a higher ICD implantation rate in whites versus blacks (50% versus 28%, P=0.034). Whites were more likely to remain inducible after serial EP-guided drug testing (67% versus 42%, P=0.011), making them more likely to become eligible for ICDs. The outcome in this trial and the benefit of EP-guided therapy appeared to be influenced by race. In addition to differences in ICD implantation rates, differences in arrhythmic substrates and proarrhythmic responses to antiarrhythmic drugs may have influenced outcome.
Comparative effect of anthralin and coal tar on epidermal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase
Authors: DAVID R. BICKERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Comparative effect of anthralin and coal tar on epidermal aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase Get access DAVID R. BICKERS DAVID R. BICKERS University Hospital of Cleveland, Department of Dermatology, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue s20, 1 August 1981, Page 71, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01014.x Published: 01 August 1981
Conditional Overexpression of Active Transforming Growth Factor β1 <b> <i>In vivo</i> </b> Accelerates Metastases of Transgenic Mammary Tumors
Authors: Rebecca S. Muraoka-Cook, Hirokazu Kurokawa, Yasuhiro Koh, James T. Forbes, L. Renee Roebuck, Mary Helen Barcellos-Hoff, Susan E. Moody, Lewis A. Chodosh, Carlos L. Arteaga
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract To address the role of transforming growth factor (TGF) β in the progression of established tumors while avoiding the confounding inhibitory effects of TGF-β on early transformation, we generated doxycycline (DOX)-inducible triple transgenic mice in which active TGF-β1 expression could be conditionally regulated in mouse mammary tumor cells transformed by the polyomavirus middle T antigen. DOX-mediated induction of TGF-β1 for as little as 2 weeks increased lung metastases &amp;gt;10-fold without a detectable effect on primary tumor cell proliferation or tumor size. DOX-induced active TGF-β1 protein and nuclear Smad2 were restricted to cancer cells, suggesting a causal association between autocrine TGF-β and increased metastases. Antisense-mediated inhibition of TGF-β1 in polyomavirus middle T antigen-expressing tumor cells also reduced basal cell motility, survival, anchorage-independent growth, tumorigenicity, and metastases. Therefore, induction and/or activation of TGF-β in hosts with established TGF-β-responsive cancers can rapidly accelerate metastatic progression.
Does the physical examination still have a role in patients with suspected heart failure?
Authors: Thibaud Damy, Anna Kallvikbacka-Bennett, Jufen Zhang, Kevin Goode, Laszlo Buga, James Hobkirk, Ashraf Yassin, Jean-Luc Dubois-Randé, Luc Hittinger, John G.F. Cleland, Andrew L. Clark
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2011)
Ischemic preconditioning in the aging heart: From bench to bedside
Authors: Pasquale Abete, Francesco Cacciatore, Gianluca Testa, David Della-Morte, Gianluigi Galizia, Domenico de Santis, Claudio Calabrese, Angelo Cioppa, Nicola Ferrara, Franco Rengo
Journal: Ageing Research Reviews (2009)
Menstrual function and dysfunction
Authors: Douglas Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The standard recommendation for women wanting to become pregnant after breast cancer treatment is to wait two years. Angela Ives and colleagues studied (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39035.667176.55) 62 Australian women with breast cancer who subsequently conceived. They found that, for women with localized disease, conception as early as six months after completing treatment was unlikely to reduce survival. The two year recommendation may be valid for women with systemic disease or who are still receiving treatment. In an accompanying editorial (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39098.376181.BE), Emily Banks and Gillian Reeves state that actually very few women …
Evaluation of a 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-Tetraacetic Acid–Conjugated Bombesin-Based Radioantagonist for the Labeling with Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography, Positron Emission Tomography, and Therapeutic Radionuclides
Authors: Rosalba Mansi, Xuejuan Wang, Flavio Forrer, Stefan Kneifel, Maria-Luisa Tamma, Beatrice Waser, Renzo Cescato, Jean Claude Reubi, Helmut R. Maecke
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Purpose: G protein–coupled receptor agonists are being used as radiolabeled vectors for in vivo localization and therapy of tumors. Recently, somatostatin-based antagonists were shown to be superior to agonists. Here, we compare the new [111In/68Ga]-labeled bombesin-based antagonist RM1 with the agonist [111In]-AMBA for targeting the gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR). Experimental Design: IC50, Kd values, and antagonist potency were determined using PC-3 and HEK-GRPR cells. Biodistribution and imaging studies were done in nude mice transplanted with the PC-3 tumor. The antagonist potency was assessed by evaluating the effects on calcium release and on receptor internalization monitored by immunofluorescence microscopy. Results: The IC50 value of [natIn]-RM1 was 14 ± 3.4 nmol/L. [nat/111In]-RM1 was found to bind to the GRPR with a Kd of 8.5 ± 2.7 nmol/L compared with a Kd of 0.6 ± 0.3 nmol/L of [111In]-AMBA. A higher maximum number of binding site value was observed for [111In]-RM1 (2.4 ± 0.2 nmol/L) compared with [111In]-AMBA (0.7 ± 0.1 nmol/L). [natLu]-AMBA is a potent agonist in the immunofluorescence-based internalization assay, whereas [natIn]-RM1 is inactive alone but efficiently antagonizes the bombesin effect. These data are confirmed by the calcium release assay. The pharmacokinetics showed a superiority of the radioantagonist with regard to the high tumor uptake (13.4 ± 0.8% IA/g versus 3.69 ± 0.75% IA/g at 4 hours after injection. as well as to all tumor-to-normal tissue ratios. Conclusion: Despite their relatively low GRPR affinity, the antagonists [111In/68Ga]-RM1 showed superior targeting properties compared with [111In]-AMBA. As found for somatostatin receptor–targeting radiopeptides, GRP-based radioantagonists seem to be superior to radioagonists for in vivo imaging and potentially also for targeted radiotherapy of GRPR-positive tumors. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(16):5240–9)
THE TUB-BATH TREATMENT OF CYSTITIS.
Authors: GUY L. HUNNER
Journal: JAMA (1907)

In the treatment of cystitis in women there are three well-marked stages in the experience of the physician. The first stage includes a brief period, usually associated with the treatment of cases of postoperative or postpuerperal cystitis, in which he confidently thinks any case of cystitis is easily cured. The second stage soon develops, in which the would-be benefactor sorely doubts the possibility of successfully treating even a majority of patients afflicted with bladder inflammation. With patience, however, and persistence, two essential virtues on the part of both patient and physician, the latter finally arrives at the third stage of his experience, in which he is not willing to admit that any case of cystitis of non-malignant character is incurable.  It is not my purpose to discuss the best methods of treatment for the different forms of cystitis. With a disease of such varied etiology and protean manifestation the successful
TCT-113 Clinical and Left Ventricular Functional Outcomes Associated with Cardiac Biomarker Elevation after Transfemoral TAVR: A Sub-analysis from the PARTNER Trial
Authors: Alan Zajarias, Jean-Michel Paradis, John Lasala, Susheel Kodali, Mathew Williams, Brian R. Lindman, Ralph Damiano, Marc R. Moon, E. Murat Tuzcu, Raj Makkar, Tom McAndrew, Vasilis Babaliaros, Martin Leon, Hersh Maniar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Claude Bernard: A Lecture
Authors: M. Foster
Journal: BMJ (1878)

S59nin, and others, which would place the central terminations of the optic tracts in the occipital lobes.They are not, I think, in harmony either with physiological experiment, or, as far as I can discover, with the facts of human pathology.Though many speculations exist, to some of which I shall refer, as to the symptoms dependent on lesions of the occipital lobes, it does not as yet appear, as the following cases will show, that there are any symp- toms, attaching to disease of these lobes, so definite and constant as to establish any direct causal relationship between them, or indicate the functions which these regions subserve.Lesions of the occipital lobes are, as a rule, latent.M. Vauttier* records a case of yellow softening of the right occipital lobe, and, to a larger extent, of the internal aspect of the left (quadri- * Paralysisfrom Brain-Disease, p. 239.t Concluded from page 52I of last number.
Polymeric IgA1 controls erythroblast proliferation and accelerates erythropoiesis recovery in anemia
Authors: Séverine Coulon, Michaël Dussiot, Damien Grapton, Thiago Trovati Maciel, Pamella Huey Mei Wang, Celine Callens, Meetu Kaushik Tiwari, Saurabh Agarwal, Aurelie Fricot, Julie Vandekerckhove, Houda Tamouza, Yael Zermati, Jean-Antoine Ribeil, Kamel Djedaini, Zeliha Oruc, Virginie Pascal, Geneviève Courtois, Bertrand Arnulf, Marie-Alexandra Alyanakian, Patrick Mayeux, Tomas Leanderson, Marc Benhamou, Michel Cogné, Renato C Monteiro, Olivier Hermine, Ivan C Moura
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
Comparison of Candesartan, Enalapril, and Their Combination in Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: R. S. McKelvie, S. Yusuf, D. Pericak, A. Avezum, R. J. Burns, J. Probstfield, R. T. Tsuyuki, M. White, J. Rouleau, R. Latini, A. Maggioni, J. Young, J. Pogue
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —We investigated the effects of candesartan (an angiotensin II antagonist) alone, enalapril alone, and their combination on exercise tolerance, ventricular function, quality of life (QOL), neurohormone levels, and tolerability in congestive heart failure (CHF). Methods and Results —Seven hundred sixty-eight patients in New York Heart Association functional class (NYHA-FC) II to IV with ejection fraction (EF) &lt;0.40 and a 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) &lt;500 m received either candesartan (4, 8, or 16 mg), candesartan (4 or 8 mg) plus 20 mg of enalapril, or 20 mg of enalapril for 43 weeks. There were no differences among groups with regard to 6MWD, NYHA-FC, or QOL. EF increased ( P =NS) more with candesartan-plus-enalapril therapy (0.025±0.004) than with candesartan alone (0.015±0.004) or enalapril alone(0.015±0.005). End-diastolic (EDV) and end-systolic (ESV) volumes increased less with combination therapy (EDV 8±4 mL; ESV 1±4 mL; P &lt;0.01) than with candesartan alone (EDV 27±4 mL; ESV 18±3 mL) or enalapril alone (EDV 23±7 mL; ESV 14±6 mL). Blood pressure decreased with combination therapy (6±1/4±1 mm Hg) compared with candesartan or enalapril alone ( P &lt;0.05). Aldosterone decreased ( P &lt;0.05) with combination therapy (23.2±5.3 pg/mL) at 17 but not 43 weeks compared with candesartan (0.7±7.8 pg/mL) or enalapril (−0.8±11.3 pg/mL). Brain natriuretic peptide decreased with combination therapy (5.8±2.7 pmol/L; P &lt;0.01) compared with candesartan (4.4±3.8 pmol/L) and enalapril alone (4.0±5.0 pmol/L). Conclusions —Candesartan alone was as effective, safe, and tolerable as enalapril. The combination of candesartan and enalapril was more beneficial for preventing left ventricular remodeling than either candesartan or enalapril alone.
Search for the insertion element IS256 within the ica locus of Staphylococcus epidermidis clinical isolates collected from biomaterial-associated infections
Authors: Carla Renata Arciola, Davide Campoccia, Simonetta Gamberini, Simona Rizzi, Maria Elena Donati, Lucilla Baldassarri, Lucio Montanaro
Journal: Biomaterials (2004)
Traffic Fatalities in a System With Decentralized Trauma Care
Authors: Anders Ottosson
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To evaluate a system with decentralized trauma care, a review was made of all 158 traffic fatalities in 1981 in the southern part of Sweden. The region has 15 well-equipped and well-staffed small- and medium-sized hospitals and two university hospitals with extensive resources. The patients are usually brought by ambulance to the closest receiving facility. Only three persons could possibly have been saved—one suffering from a lacerated femoral artery and two patients in whose cases missed diagnoses (eg, bowel rupture or cardiac tamponade) might have contributed to the fatal outcome. The present investigation reveals that high survival rates after traffic trauma can be achieved with a conventional Swedish trauma care system. (<i>JAMA</i>1984;251:2668-2671)
Prolonged Activation of Virus-Specific CD8+T Cells after Acute B19 Infection
Authors: Adiba Isa, Victoria Kasprowicz, Oscar Norbeck, Andrew Loughry, Katie Jeffery, Kristina Broliden, Paul Klenerman, Thomas Tolfvenstam, Paul Bowness
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2005)

Human parvovirus B19 (B19) is a ubiquitous and clinically significant pathogen, causing erythema infectiosum, arthropathy, transient aplastic crisis, and intrauterine fetal death. The phenotype of CD8+ T cells in acute B19 infection has not been studied previously.
Prospective evaluation of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase with respect to macrovascular disease in elderly type 2 diabetic patients.
Authors: R Weitgasser, F Schnoell, B Gappmayer, I Kartnig
Journal: Diabetes Care (1999)

To analyze prospectively the importance of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), a marker for renal tubular function, in comparison with urinary albumin excretion (UAE), a marker for glomerular renal function, with respect to macrovascular disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.We followed 124 patients over a mean period of 7.0 +/- 0.5 years. At baseline, urinary NAG, UAE, age, diabetes duration, sex, blood pressure, lipids, and serum creatinine were determined. Also, history of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, severe peripheral vascular disease (PVD), antidiabetic and concomitant medication, and smoking habits were recorded. After 7 years, patients were reevaluated, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test risk factors for significance in order to predict macrovascular disease. Subgroups of patients were analyzed with respect to severe macrovascular disease, with a separate analysis for surviving patients.Compared with known cardiovascular risk factors such as microalbuminuria and total cholesterol, urinary NAG was similarly associated with cardiovascular disease for the total cohort (P < 0.05). Analyzing the subgroup of 65 patients still alive after follow-up care, urinary NAG and UAE were significantly elevated at baseline and at the time of follow-up care in patients with MI and PVD, but not in those with stroke (P < 0.01). There was a positive predictive trend of NAG excretion for the development of MI and PVD in our patients (P = 0.07).Urinary NAG proved comparable to UAE when analyzed with respect to preexistence and development of severe macrovascular disease. It needs to be determined by further studies if urinary NAG will be of value to serve as an adjunct marker to UAE in type 2 diabetic patients.
Abstract 105: An epigenetic vicious cycle of DNMT, protein Tyrosine phosphatase receptor type R, and the MAPK pathway in cancer metastasis
Authors: Po-Hsuan Su, Ya-Wen Lin, Yu-Ping Liao, Yu-Chi Wang, Hsin-Yi Lee, Hui-Chen Wang, Tai-Kuang Chao, Chi-Kuan Chen, Michael W.Y. Chan, Tang-Yuan Chu, Mu-Hsien Yu, Hung-Cheng Lai
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Introduction: Epigenetic modifications are a driving force in carcinogenesis. In addition to its role in initiation and promotion, DNA methylation is thought to participate in cancer metastasis. The present study is to interrogate the role of de novo DNA methylation in cervical cancer invasions. Methods and Results: Here, we report evidence of the overexpression of DNA methyltransferases 3B (DNMT3B) in invasive cervical cancer and that DNMT3B interference inhibits metastasis. Using methyl-DNA immunoprecipitation coupled with microarray analysis (mDIP-on-chip), we found that Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Receptor Type R (PTPRR) is targeted by DNMT3B. PTPRR inhibited metastasis by inhibiting p44/42 MAPK signaling, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) expression. PTPRR also inhibited the expression of transcription factor AP1, HPV oncogenes, and DNMTs, and reciprocally demethylated the PTPRR promoter. The methylation status of PTPRR was increased in cervical scrapings in accordance with disease severities, and immunohistochemical staining confirmed that PTPRR protein was expressed in precancerous lesions but was silenced in invasive cancers. The clinical correlation results suggest that methylation of the PTPRR promoter is a potential biomarker for cervical cancer detection. Conclusion: This study demonstrates for the first time that DNMT3B plays an important role in the cervical cancer invasion and metastasis. The DNMT3B-mediated silencing of PTPRR activates p44/42 MAPK signaling and its multiple downstream effectors such as EMT, enabling the in situ tumors becoming invasive. MAPK signaling also augments the expression of DNMTs, which further consolidates the methylation silencing of PTPRR. A vicious cycle between epigenetic machinery and oncogenic signaling promotes cancer metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 105. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-105
Why the government will not abolish the Medical Practices Committee
Authors: D. Parsons
Journal: BMJ (1989)

the relative risks of passive smoking as distinct from total attributable risk.Though total attribut- able risk mav guide overall policy, it is, in our experience, relative risk that is the most useful way of discussing and explaining risks at work.Later Dr Delamothe compares the relative risks of asbestos and passive smoking in just this way.He confuses, however, the relatively high historic risks of working with asbestos with the very low risks of occupying a building containing asbestos in its structure.It is exposure to asbestos from occupying a building, not working with asbestos, that was estimated to be 50-100 times less risky than passive smoking in the review prepared by Doll and Peto for the Health and Safety Commission.'I agree that there is a risk and that action is needed, but the risk needs careful statement and the action must be practicable.
Effect of Inhibition of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Signaling on Distribution of Extravasated Antibodies in Tumors
Authors: Tsutomu Nakahara, Scott M. Norberg, David R. Shalinsky, Dana D. Hu-Lowe, Donald M. McDonald
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Antibodies and other macromolecular therapeutics can gain access to tumor cells via leaky tumor vessels. Inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling can reduce the vascularity of tumors and leakiness of surviving vessels, but little is known about how these changes affect the distribution of antibodies within tumors. We addressed this issue by examining the distribution of extravasated antibodies in islet cell tumors of RIP-Tag2 transgenic mice and implanted Lewis lung carcinomas using fluorescence and confocal microscopic imaging. Extravasated nonspecific immunoglobulin G (IgG) and antibodies to fibrin or E-cadherin accumulated in irregular patchy regions of stroma. Fibrin also accumulated in these regions. Anti-E-cadherin antibody, which targets epitopes on tumor cells of RIP-Tag2 adenomas, was the only antibody to achieve detectable levels within tumor cell clusters at 6 hours after i.v. injection. Treatment for 7 days with AG-013736, a potent inhibitor of VEGF signaling, reduced the tumor vascularity by 86%. The overall area density of extravasated IgG/antibodies decreased after treatment but the change was less than the reduction in vascularity and actually increased when expressed per surviving tumor vessel. Accumulation of anti-E-cadherin antibody in tumor cell clusters was similarly affected. The patchy pattern of antibodies in stroma after treatment qualitatively resembled untreated tumors and surprisingly coincided with sleeves of basement membrane left behind after pruning of tumor vessels. Together, the findings suggest that antibody transport increases from surviving tumor vessels after normalization by inhibition of VEGF signaling. Basement membrane sleeves may facilitate this transport. Antibodies preferentially distribute to tumor stroma but also accumulate on tumor cells if binding sites are accessible. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(3): 1434-45)
PRACTICAL POINTS IN TREATING DISEASES OF THE EYE, EAR, NOSE AND THROAT.Read before the Dauphin County, Pennsylvania, Medical Society, March 6, 1894.
Authors: J. WALTER PARK
Journal: JAMA (1894)

The professional relationship existing between the general practitioner and the one who confines himself to special branches of medicine, is one of such a character that the constant interchanging of views upon practical points, gained by experience in the various branches of medicine, is of so much importance that I will endeavor to present for your consideration to-day, a few practical points, of such a character as will interest the general profession more than it will my esteemed colleagues, who limit their work the same as I do. We will consider them in the following order: 1, the eye; 2, the ear; 3, the nose; 4, the pharynx and larynx. 1.<i>The Eye</i>.—It is well that there should be some methodical way in examining a patient when he presents himself for examination; it is therefore your first duty to take a general view of the eyes to be examined, observing