tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Alopecia and Sensory Polyneuropathy From Thallium in a Chinese Herbal Medication
Authors: Herbert Howard Schaumburg, Alan Berger
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —We have recently encountered two women who developed alopecia and mild sensory polyneuropathy following ingestion of a Chinese herbal medication/nutritional supplement purchased in the United States. We believe that this should be reported to alert physicians about other possible cases. <h3>Report of Cases.—Case 1.</h3> —A 42-year-old woman consumed four 45-mL doses of a Chinese herbal supplement (Nutrien, Sunrider International, Torrance, Calif) mixed with fruit juice over a 2-week period in June 1987. One week after the last dose she noted aching in the ankles and wrists and burning pain and tingling in the soles of her feet and in her fingertips. These symptoms became more intense and were then accompanied by unsteadiness of gait that required her to abandon wearing high heels. Three weeks after the last dose she noted progressive loss of scalp hair and loss of the middle portion of her eyelashes. In
Interleukin 8: cells of origin in inflammatory bowel disease.
Authors: M C Grimm, S K Elsbury, P Pavli, W F Doe
Journal: Gut (1996)

Neutrophils are important cellular mediators in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Interleukin (IL)8, a powerful neutrophil chemoattractant, is found in increased quantities in inflamed mucosa, but the cells of origin are uncertain. IL8 gene expression was studied by in situ hybridisation in uninflamed intestinal tissue resected for colon carcinoma (n = 7) and in inflamed colonic tissue resected for IBD (n = 11). Immunohistochemistry was used to assess the phenotype of IL8 expressing macrophages and the production of IL8 protein. Macrophages isolated from intestinal resections and lipopolysaccharide stimulated peripheral blood monocytes treated with 5-aminosalicylic acid, hydrocortisone, and cyclosporin A were examined for IL8 mRNA by northern blotting and IL8 secretion by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In all cases IL8 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridisation in macrophages and neutrophils adjacent to ulceration in inflamed bowel, but not detected in uninflamed mucosa from carcinoma resections. Recently recruited CD14 positive macrophages were responsible for some of this IL8 expression. IL8 protein was present in the same distribution as mRNA. Epithelial cells in normal and inflamed tissue showed neither mRNA nor protein. IL8 mRNA was expressed significantly more commonly by macrophages from IBD affected than from normal mucosa, and IL8 secretion by IBD but not normal colon macrophages was augmented significantly by lipopolysaccharide treatment. IL8 expression and production by lipopolysaccharide treated blood monocytes was inhibited by the therapeutic agents tested. These results show that neutrophils and recently recruited macrophages are responsible for production of IL8 in IBD, suggesting a mechanism for a continuing cycle of neutrophil attraction. Agents used therapeutically in these diseases may be effective in part by disrupting this cycle.
NMDA-receptor hypofunction versus excessive synaptic elimination as models of schizophrenia
Authors: Ralph E. Hoffman, Thomas H. McGlashan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Abstract We propose that the primary cause of schizophrenia is a pathological extension of synaptic pruning involving local connectivity that unfolds ordinarily during adolescence. Computer simulations suggest that this pathology provides reasonable accounts of a range of symptoms in schizophrenia, and is consistent with recent postmortem and genetic studies. NMDA-receptors play a regulatory role in maintaining and/or eliminating cortical synapses, and therefore may play a pathophysiological role.
MicroRNA in Cancer Prognosis
Authors: Frank J. Slack, Joanne B. Weidhaas
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of deaths from gynecologic cancer, and although there are nomograms that use pathological variables to predict outcome for advanced-stage disease,1 few if any molecular mechanisms that accurately predict outcome and can potentially guide therapy have been identified. The article by Merritt et al.2 in this issue of the Journal provides evidence for a simple mechanism, based on the biologic characteristics of microRNAs (miRNAs), for formulating a prognosis and potentially guiding therapy in ovarian cancer.The past decade has heralded in a new era in the understanding of gene regulation in diseases such as cancer. . . .
Cardiovascular Effects of Thyroxine
Authors: E. Zaimis, L. Papadaki, A. S. F. Ash, E. Larbi, S. Kakari, M. Matthew, A. Paradelis
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1969)

Journal Article Cardiovascular Effects of Thyroxine Get access Eleanor Zaimis, Eleanor Zaimis From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Lucienne Papadaki, Lucienne Papadaki † From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London † Muscular Dystrophy Fellow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. S. F. Ash, A. S. F. Ash From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar E. Larbi, E. Larbi From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Sophia Kakari, Sophia Kakari From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Margaret Matthew, Margaret Matthew From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar A. Paradelis A. Paradelis From the Department of Pharmacology, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 3, Issue 2, April 1969, Pages 118–133, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/3.2.118 Published: 01 April 1969 Article history Received: 22 August 1968 Published: 01 April 1969
Synaptojanin 2 is recognized by HLA class II-restricted hairy cell leukemia-specific T cells
Authors: E H A Spaenij-Dekking, J Van Delft, E Van der Meijden, H S Hiemstra, J H F Falkenburg, F Koning, J W Drijfhout, J C Kluin-Nelemans
Journal: Leukemia (2003)
REACTION IN DEMENTIA PRÆCOX TO VAGOTONIC AND SYMPATHICOTONIC CRITERIA
Authors: THEOPHILE RAPHAEL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1921)

On basis of the criteria employed in this series of dementia præcox cases, no evidence was secured indicative of vagotonic or sympathicotonic reaction in this disorder. Grateful acknowledgment is made to Dr. J. P. Parsons for assistance rendered in connection with the blood-sugar work carried out upon these cases.
What happens to the children of single parent families?
Authors: L. Burghes
Journal: BMJ (1994)

wastage of human skills and abilities among a substantial proportion of the population.Policies intended to divorce health from deprivation have proved largely ineffective.Reducing the burden of excess mortality attributable to relative deprivation depends on reducing social and economic inequalities themselves.At a recent conference on social variations in coronary heart disease, emeritus professor Jerry Morris made an impassioned plea for a royal commission on policy related to social divisions and national prosperity.The deep divisions in our society are both a reflection and a cause of financial and human waste on a scale we cannot afford.Their effects reach far beyond health into all areas of human functioning, from economic performance to the quality of life.It is not just a matter of recognising that society exists or of expressing the vain hope of making it classless.It is a matter of discovering how to achieve a more harmonious integration of social and economic forces capable of ensuring our future prosperity and wellbeing.Morris argued that a royal commission was needed because so many government departments have a role.This is an urgent, complicated, and technical issue, and it is one in which many countries are making much better progress than Britain.The pressures to defend political records or gain party advantage are not conducive to the kind ofthinking that is needed.
Hemolytic Anemia With Positive Coombs' Test
Authors: Margaret G. Robinson
Journal: JAMA (1969)

To our knowledge, only two cases of hemolytic anemia have been associated with the administration of isoniazid, one of these having a positive Coombs' test. We are reporting the second case of Coombs' positive hemolytic anemia due to isoniazid. After a year of isoniazid therapy, a Negro child suddenly began to have severe anemia, abdominal pain, fever, and hemoglobinuria. A direct Coombs' test with standard gamma Coombs' serum was positive on admission. After isoniazid therapy was stopped, the Coombs' test was negative. While the direct Coombs' test was negative, in vitro tests demonstrated the sensitization of the patient to isoniazid.
Corticosteroids in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: D J Nashel
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

increase of the creatine phosphokinase (CPK) indicated myocarditis: CPK 2865 IU/I, CPKMB 288 IU/1.The CSF contained 24 white blood cells/mm3 (24x 106/1) (94% lymphocytes, 6% monocytes) with an increased level of protein: 1-50 g/l.A spirochaete began to grow in BSK II4 after the second week and a borrelia was identified.It had a diameter of 0.2 lrm and a length between 4 and 22 utm.By immunofluorescent assay high titres of IgG antibodies against Borrelia bugdorferri were detected in serum collected three weeks after the beginning of the illness (1/160), and two months later (1/320).The patient's phenotype was A2, B5, DR5.He received oral penicillin therapy (10 million U/day) for 15 days, and recovered.For the first time in France a borrelia has been isolated from the CSF during Lyme disease.This isolation streng- thens the role of borrelia as the aetiological agent responsible for the clinical signs in the acute phase of the disease.The late clinical manifestations could be secon- dary to an immune reaction triggered by the spirochaete, especially among patients who have the B cell alloantigen DR2.In France the carrier is unknown, but Ixodes ricinus occurs worldwide and its involvement is suspected.
Adaptor Protein-3 in Dendritic Cells Facilitates Phagosomal Toll-like Receptor Signaling and Antigen Presentation to CD4+ T Cells
Authors: Adriana R. Mantegazza, Susan H. Guttentag, Jamel El-Benna, Miwa Sasai, Akiko Iwasaki, Hao Shen, Terri M. Laufer, Michael S. Marks
Journal: Immunity (2012)
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LUMBOSACRAL PAIN (BACKACHE)
Authors: GEORGE MARTYN
Journal: JAMA (1924)

Lumbosacral pain is not of great compass, nor is it mortal in its seriousness, but it brings more pain and chronic disablement than most of its peers. Backache, in the majority of instances, is a symptom that is curable and belongs to the domain of neurology and internal medicine. The topography of the lesions of the cord and peripheral nerves has been so well worked out by Dejerine and others, and more recently amplified by Sicard, that there is little room for error. Unfortunately, the patient himself is unable to judge pain in a topographic sense, nor can he give pain a quality that will enable us to refer it to definite areas of the cerebrospinal nervous system with any certainty. Because pain is present and persists, it does not necessarily mean that the pathologic cause is in the subjacent nervous tissue. There are, however, certain characteristic symptoms, following lesions
Cardiovascular Death and Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction in Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Receiving Coronary Stenting Are Predicted by Residual Platelet Reactivity to ADP Detected by a Point-of-Care Assay
Authors: Rossella Marcucci, Anna Maria Gori, Rita Paniccia, Betti Giusti, Serafina Valente, Cristina Giglioli, Piergiovanni Buonamici, David Antoniucci, Rosanna Abbate, Gian Franco Gensini
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background— The clinical impact of platelet aggregation assessed by point-of-care assays is unknown. We sought to evaluate whether high residual platelet reactivity (RPR) to ADP during clopidogrel therapy, measured by a point-of-care assay, predicts adverse clinical events in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods and Results— We used the VerifyNow P2Y12 assay (Accumetrics Inc, San Diego, Calif) to determine RPR to ADP in 683 patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing dual-antiplatelet therapy who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with bare-metal or drug-eluting stent implantation. All patients received a single 600-mg clopidogrel loading dose followed by 75 mg of clopidogrel daily and 100 to 325 mg of aspirin daily. The end points of the study at follow-up of 12 months were cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), and target-vessel revascularization. At a 12-month follow-up, we found 51 ischemic events (24 cardiovascular deaths [3.5%], 27 nonfatal MIs [3.9%]) and 40 target-vessel revascularizations (5.8%). By receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, the optimal cutoff value in predicting 12-month cardiovascular death and nonfatal MI was P2Y12 reaction unit values ≥240. RPR, defined in the presence of P2Y12 reaction unit values above this cutoff, was found to be a significant and independent predictor of cardiovascular death and nonfatal MI in a model that adjusted for cardiovascular risk factors, renal failure, reduced left ventricular ejection fraction, multivessel disease, total stent length, bifurcation lesions, number of lesions treated, type of stent, and use of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (cardiovascular death: hazard ratio 2.55, 95% CI 1.08 to 6.07, P =0.034; nonfatal MI: hazard ratio 3.36, 95% CI 1.49 to 7.58, P =0.004). No significant association was found between high RPR and the risk of target-vessel revascularization. Conclusions— RPR to ADP with clopidogrel therapy, measured by the point-of-care assay VerifyNow P2Y12, is able to detect acute coronary syndrome patients at risk of 12-month cardiovascular death and nonfatal MI. The optimal cutoff value was identified as being 240 P2Y12 reaction units.
Reviews and Notes: Clinical Trials Dictionary: Terminology and Usage Recommendations
Authors: David L. Sackett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine1 September 1996Reviews and Notes: Clinical Trials Dictionary: Terminology and Usage RecommendationsDavid L. Sackett, MDDavid L. Sackett, MDJohn Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, EnglandSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-5-199609010-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Meinert CL. 363 pages. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Center for Clinical Trials; 1996. $95.00. ISBN 0-9646424-0-9. Order phone 410-955-8198.This big (8.5 × 11 inches) book contains more than 6400 definitions of more than 4300 terms that have to do with clinical trials and the design, conduct, analysis, interpretation, and discussion of them. As its title forecasts, this book is more than just a dictionary. It is a guide not only to clarity but to good manners when communicating about clinical trials. Its author should know about both; Curt Meinert was a founder of the Society for Clinical Trials and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, England PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1996Volume 125, Issue 5Page: 429KeywordsAbsolute risk reductionClinical trialsExtrapolationHypoglycemicsMeatSystematic reviews ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 September 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Cortisone in Stokes-Adams Disease Secondary to Myocardial Infarction
Authors: M. D. Phelps, J. David Lindsay
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

PRINZMETAL and Kennamer1 first reported on the use of ACTH in 1954 to correct complete heart block secondary to myocardial infarction. They believed that, in incomplete septal infarction or in infarctions near the septum, the interference with atrioventricular conduction that often culminates in complete heart block may be due in many cases not to destruction but only to inflammation of the atrioventricular node and the specialized conductive tissue in the septum. If this is true, anything that reduces inflammation in body tissues should help re-establish normal conduction in these cases. The anti-inflammatory action of hormones elaborated by the adrenal cortex . . .
Demonstration of Subdural Empyema by CT Scanning
Authors: Kendrick C. Davidson
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  I would like to comment on the article by Ralph O. Dunker, MD, and Rashida Khakoo, MD, regarding failure of computed tomographic (CT) scanning to demonstrate subdural empyema (1981; 246:1116). It is evident that one of the problems the authors have with the analysis of subdural collections is the lack of distinction of gray and white matter resolution owing to their particular scanner's limitations. Of the images published in their article, none of them show the gray matterwhite matter differentiation well such as third- and fourth-generation CT scanners do on a routine basis now. As pointed out by numerous authors and generally recognized by neuroradiologists and others involved in CT head scanning, any recognized midline shift of structure should prompt further investigation, including delayed scans, to differentiate subdural membranes and even reexamination to the point of angiography to evaluate possible subdural collections.  I believe that if they
Partial Splenectomy for Staging Hodgkin's Disease: Risk of False-Negative Results
Authors: James C Dearth, Gerald S. Gilchrist, Robert L. Telander, Michael J. O'Connell, Louis H. Weiland
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

POSTSPLENECTOMY septicemia is a well established late complication of splenectomy.1 Staging laparotomy with splenectomy for Hodgkin's disease has been an accepted practice for several years, and the risk of postsplenectomy sepsis for these patients is beginning to be defined.2 3 4 5 For children, the risk may range from less than 1 per cent to 10 per cent,2 , 3 whereas for older patients, the risk is substantially less.4 Postsplenectomy septicemia in children has carried a mortality rate as high as 50 per cent.1 The value of splenectomy in staging pediatric Hodgkin's disease must be balanced against these risks. Partial splenectomy has been proposed as . . .
INTERMITTENT FEVER IN MALTA
Authors: Them. Zammit, G. C. Scicluna
Journal: BMJ (1905)

_~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~IMU OZAWe have described ourselves as non-immunes, for none of -us have had Mediterranean fever, and we have only lately been -exposed to the disease for short periods during the last few months.None of us have had a day's illness during that time, with one exception-the case of G. M. L., who had three -attacks of spring tertian malaria, contracted in Sardinia,
Photodegradation of folic acid during extracorporeal photopheresis
Authors: M. Der-Petrossian, M. Födinger, R. Knobler, H. Hönigsmann, F. Trautinger
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

Background Photodegradation of folic acid (FA) by ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a well-documented photochemical reaction, and decreased serum levels of FA have been found in patients receiving photochemotherapy (psoralen plus UVA). During extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) leucocytes and plasma are subjected to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) plus UVA. Objectives To investigate whether ECP leads to the photodegradation of FA in the extracorporeal system. Methods In 30 patients undergoing ECP on two consecutive days the FA levels were measured in the extracorporeal collected plasma prior to and after UVA exposure. Healthy donor plasma was exposed to 8-MOP and increasing doses of UVA in vitro. In five patients serum folate levels were determined before and after ECP. Results We found a mean reduction of 44% and 46% on the first and second day of treatment, respectively. This effect could be reproduced in vitro: the irradiation of healthy donor plasma with UVA led to a dose-dependent reduction of FA of up to 54·75% at 16 J cm−2. This was independent of the presence of 8-MOP and the base concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate; minimal changes were observed for vitamin B12 and homocysteine, not undergoing photodegradation. Serum folate levels did not change significantly before and after ECP. Conclusions We conclude that extracorporeal exposure of plasma to UVA during ECP leads to photodegradation of FA. Further investigations are required to determine the biological effects of folate photoproducts and whether clinically relevant loss of FA might be a consequence of ECP.
The mirror matching system: A shared manifold for intersubjectivity
Authors: Vittorio Gallese, Pier Francesco Ferrari, Maria Alessandra Umiltà
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Empathy is the phenomenal experience of mirroring ourselves into others. It can be explained in terms of simulations of actions, sensations, and emotions which constitute a shared manifold for intersubjectivity. Simulation, in turn, can be sustained at the subpersonal level by a series of neural mirror matching systems.
Transparent Polyurethane Film as a Catheter Dressing
Authors: Donald A. Berry
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —In a recent article, Hoffmann et al 1 found statistically significant increases in catheter-tip infection rates for transparent as opposed to gauze dressings. With hundreds of patients in the combined studies, they found no significant increase in phlebitis, infiltration or skin colonization for peripheral venous catheters, and none in bacteremia or sepsis for central venous catheters.  Unfortunately, they conclude, While it should not be assumed that transparent dressings would... increase... bacteremia, it is likely that higher rates of catheter-tip infection will result in an elevated rate of bacteremia. They say that the literature [shows] that catheter-tip infection is an excellent  of bacteremia and sepsis. They cite Maki, 2 but his article says  cultures found using this technique have a 15 to 40 percent association with concomitant bacteremias. Also, Nahass and Weinstein 3 estimate the positive predictive value to be 17%. Excellent harbinger is hardly appropriate.