tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract IA26: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma and altered whole-body metabolism
Authors: Brian M. Wolpin
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer mortality in the United States, and the vast majority of patients live less than 12 months. A defining feature of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is its relationship with altered systemic metabolism. The risk of developing PDAC is increased among individuals with chronic obesity, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia. Furthermore, weight loss and new-onset diabetes frequently develop within the 2 years before diagnosis, and PDAC is strongly associated with development of cachexia and muscle loss (sarcopenia), which impair patient quality of life and survival. We hypothesized that alterations in whole-body metabolism could be detected in patients with pancreatic cancer prior to diagnosis, with potential utility for disease screening and identifying novel treatment approaches. To investigate this hypothesis, circulating metabolites were profiled in prediagnostic plasma from pancreatic cancer cases and matched controls using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics platform. In nearly 1,500 participants from four prospective cohort studies, we identified metabolites associated with future pancreatic cancer diagnosis independent of known measures of obesity, energy balance and insulin resistance. Experimental studies indicate that multiple years elapse between formation of the initial PDAC clone and development of cells with the capacity for metastatic spread. Thus, we considered whether the circulating metabolites identified in humans were also seen in mice with early pancreatic cancers and used labeled metabolites to trace the source of metabolic alterations in model systems. This work indicates that systemic metabolic alterations can be seen in humans and model systems prior to pancreatic cancer diagnosis, with implications for understanding the biology of early pancreatic tumors and host-tumor interactions. Citation Format: Brian M. Wolpin. Pancreatic adenocarcinoma and altered whole-body metabolism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr IA26.
Thrombolytic Therapy and Fatal Massive Pulmonary Emboli
Authors: Jerzy Gajewski
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Letters and Comments1 March 1971Thrombolytic Therapy and Fatal Massive Pulmonary EmboliJERZY GAJEWSKI, M.D., PH.D.JERZY GAJEWSKI, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-74-3-450_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Thrombolytic therapy for peripheral vein thrombosis has recently aroused wide interest (1-3). This approach is considered to be relatively safe, with only mild side effects. Although, theoretically, the significantly enhanced fibrinolytic activity—in the presence of a massive fresh venous thrombosis—could favor pulmonary embolization, in practice this does not seem to be a common complication. The following case, however, indicates that such a complication represents a real possibility:A 52-year-old saleswoman was admitted to the hospital*because of marked painful swelling of her right leg. Two days before admission she first noticed moderate pain in the posterior region...References1. BROWSETHOMASPIM NMH: Streptokinase and deep vein thrombosis. Brit Med J 3:717-720, 1968 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GENTONPECHET EL: Thrombolytic agents: a perspective (editorial). Ann Intern Med 69:625-628, 1968 LinkGoogle Scholar3. MAVORBENNETGALLOWAY GBJ: Streptokinase in iliofemoral venous thrombosis. Brit J Surg 56:564-567, 1969 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *The author observed this case during his former association with the Department of Internal Medicine, Warsaw University Medical School, Poland. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byFatal pulmonary embolism caused by streptokinase treatment of deep venous thrombosis of the leg?TOTAL DISAPPEARANCE OF A FATAL PULMONARY EMBOLUS DURING STREPTOKINASE THERAPY OF AN ILIOFEMORAL THROMBOSISThrombolytic Therapy and Fatal Pulmonary EmboliJ. HIRSH, M.D., F.R.A.C.P. 1 March 1971Volume 74, Issue 3Page: 450-450KeywordsInflammationVeins ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1971 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 13672: High Frequency Echocardiography and Speckle Tracking Based Strain Analysis Revealed Delayed Functional Recovery After Myocardial Cryoinjury in Adult Zebrafish
Authors: Selina Hein, Lorenz Lehmann, Hugo A Katus, David Hassel
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Zebrafish is a widespread used model in cardiovascular research, and recently adult zebrafish, as a more human relevant model compared to larval stages, became particularly valuable to study heart regeneration. While cardiac performance in larval stages can be easily assessed using transillumination microscopy, methods to reliably assess cardiac function in adult zebrafish are largely missing. Here, we developed the first standardized protocol to reliably assess cardiac function in adult zebrafish using high frequency echocardiography and speckle-tracking algorithms. Respecting distinct anatomic characteristics in zebrafish, we defined three examination planes according to standards in human echocardiography. Further, by combining conventional echocardiographic measurements with modern speckle tracking based strain analysis we are able to measure myocardial performance in extremely high spatial and temporal resolution. Thereby we were able to attain high quality B-Mode imaging and PW-Doppler signals allowing distinct detection of changes in chronotropy, inotropy and, for the first time in adult zebrafish, in dromotropy in response to treatment with Atenolol and Isoproterenol. Additionally, we employed zebrafish that underwent cardiac cryoinjury to longitudinally follow functional cardiac regeneration. High-resolution speckle-tracking strain analysis allowed us to demarcate injured myocardial regions and demonstrate that functional healing extends beyond 30-45 days post injury (dpi) as previously implied by conventional methodologies. Specifically, we found delayed restitution of cardiac displacement and re-synchronization of injured and non-injured myocardium beyond 60 dpi until 120 dpi. In summary, our protocol enables highly reproducible and high throughput measurements of cardiac performance in adult zebrafish in a high spatio-temporal resolution. Thereby, our protocol represents a valuable novel tool for functional cardiac assessment and to detect changes in cardiac function in response to gene mutation or myocardial injury and might lead to further insights into cardiac physiology and disease.
TRAFFIC DEATHS AND SUPERSTITION ON FRIDAY THE 13TH
Authors: S Naeyhae
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2002)

This paper investigated the relationship between traffic accident fatalities on Friday the 13th with those on other Fridays in a national population. The daily fatalities from traffic accidents by sex and age for Finland, 1971-1997 were examined, along with the mean daily temperature. Adjusted risk ratios for death on Friday the 13th versus other Fridays were obtained by negative binomial regression. For women, the adjusted risk ratio from dying on Friday the 13th was 1.63, compared with only 1.2 for men. An estimated 38% of traffic deaths involving women on this day were attributable to Friday the 13th itself, largely because of anxiety from superstition. The risk of traffic fatalities on Friday the 13th could be reduced by one-third, although the absolute gain would remain small.
Eliciting views of patients with head and neck cancer and carers on professionally derived standards for care * Commentary: Patients' involvement in their treatment matters
Authors: M Birchall
Journal: BMJ (2002)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To examine views of patients and carers on the process of care for people with head and neck cancer; to assess whether focus groups are useful in this setting; to compare priorities and standards identified with those published by healthcare professionals; and to incorporate the expressed views into existing national standards. <b>Design:</b> Multicentre study of nine regional focus groups. <b>Setting:</b> Area covered by two regional health authorities. <b>Participants:</b> 40 patients who had had head and neck cancer and 18 carers. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Views of individuals and groups on standards. Applicability of the method for patients whose appearance and ability to communicate was altered and for recently bereaved carers. Ease of incorporation of views into national and regional standards. <b>Results:</b> Patients and carers participated in discussions on all the principal questions. Opinions were expressed on waiting times, information available to patients, coordination of care, and crisis management. Professionally derived standards were substantially improved by the incorporation of the views of patients and carers. There were no technical problems in carrying out this study on patients with communication difficulties or altered appearance nor with recently bereaved carers. Occasionally, participants said that the meetings were therapeutic. <b>Conclusions:</b> Professionally facilitated and analysed focus groups are effective in assessing views of patients with cancer and carers on professionally derived standards for care and can be applied in settings traditionally viewed as difficult. Views expressed by patients and carers are powerful motivators for change in the delivery of cancer care.
42. AAV-mediated gene therapy causes functional improvements in a murine model of infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL, Batten Disease)
Authors: William J. Bowers, Michael A. Mastrangelo, Hilary A. Stanley, Ya-Hui Chiu, Howard J. Federoff
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Active Aβ peptide-based immunotherapies have shown promise in preclinical mouse Alzheimer's disease (AD) models, but application in human trials was accompanied by brain inflammation in a subset of trial participants. Immune response-shaping vaccine platforms may impart therapeutic benefit and simultaneously mitigate adverse effects. Herein, we describe the use of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-derived amplicons to elicit distinctive immune responses against Aβ. Two vaccine vectors were constructed: one expressing Aβ1–42 alone (HSVAβ), and a second expressing Aβ1–42 fused in-frame with the molecular adjuvant tetanus toxin Fragment C (HSVAβ/TtxFC). Peripheral administration of HSVAβ/TtxFC augmented humoral responses to Aβ and reduced CNS Aβ deposition in Tg2576 AD mice. Interestingly and unexpectedly, HSVAβ vaccination was uniquely toxic, and incited the expression of pro-inflammatory molecule transcripts within the hippocampi of Tg2576 mice. However, the few surviving HSVAβ-vaccinated Tg2576 mice exhibited the most dramatic reduction in Aβ deposit numbers as compared to HSVAβ/TtxFC-inoculated counterparts. Vaccination of non-transgenic littermates with either amplicon vector produced detectable humoral responses but resulted in no observable toxicity. This paradigm may serve as a relevant model to study the inflammatory component presenting in Aβ peptide-vaccinated human subjects. Ongoing and future studies involve assessment of vaccine-elicited cellular immune responses, effects on brain amyloid deposition and memory behavior, and employment of co-delivered immunomodulatory genes to shape the immune responses elaborated to the Aβ antigen. A detailed characterization of CNS immunological responses in the setting of AD is highly relevant to development of safe vaccines.
Detection of dissociative disorders in psychiatric patients by a screening instrument and a structured diagnostic interview
Authors: M Steinberg, B Rounsaville, D Cicchetti
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1991)

Diagnosis and treatment of the dissociative disorders may be delayed for many years because of difficulties in detecting patients at high risk for dissociative disorders. This study investigates the utility of the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), a self-report instrument for dissociative experiences, in detecting patients at high risk for dissociative disorders. The clinician-administered Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R Dissociative Disorders (SCID-D) was used as the diagnostic standard, and 36 outpatients with mixed diagnoses and nine normal subjects were evaluated for the presence and absence of a dissociative disorder. DES scores were then compared.Results indicate that a DES cutoff score of 15-20 yields good to excellent sensitivity and specificity as a screening instrument. However, for higher cutoff points the sensitivity can be much lower.Thus, although the DES can be used to identify some high-risk patients, they should be further evaluated with such diagnostic instruments as the SCID-D or by in-depth clinical follow-up.
Euthanasia in Australia - The Northern Territory Rights of the Terminally Ill Act. by Christopher James Ryan and Miranda Kaye
Authors: Christopher James Ryan, Miranda Kaye
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

tag=1 data=Euthanasia in Australia - The Northern Territory Rights of the Terminally Ill Act. by Christopher James Ryan and Miranda Kaye

tag=2 data=Ryan, Christopher James%Kaye, Miranda

tag=3 data=New England Journal of Medicine,

tag=4 data=334

tag=5 data=5

tag=6 data=1 February 1996

tag=7 data=326-328.

tag=8 data=EUTHANASIA

tag=9 data=RIGHTS OF THE TERMINALLY ILL ACT

tag=11 data=1997/3/1

tag=12 data=97/0003

tag=13 data=CAB
Malaria epidemics seize Venezuela
Authors: Claire Wallerstein
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Venezuelan authorities are launching a new drive to combat malaria after infection rates doubled in a year. Once the richest country in Latin America, Venezuela has seen its rates of malaria rise as the regional economic crisis has taken its toll on the country.

Some 21 585 cases of the disease were reported across the country last year, with about 7000 up until the end of May, according to Dr Dario Gonzalez, director of the government's epidemiological vigilance and environmental sanitation unit: “By the same time this year we have already seen nearly twice as many cases. And …
716. The Human Norepinephrine Transporter and [11C]-mHED, a Novel Reporter Gene - Tracer Combination for PET Imaging of Gene Therapy
Authors: Amj Beerens, AR Buursma, MG Rots, A van Waarde, HJ Haisma, Efj de Vries
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Currently many clinical protocols for gene therapy are being evaluated for use in the treatment of human disease. In the majority of these protocols however, it is difficult to determine the exact fate of the vector, or to determine the location and extend of expression of the introduced gene. Data about the expression of transgenes is not only invaluable in research, but is also of major importance in clinical gene therapy. If the therapy is devised for destroying cells, information about the transgene expression can minimize the risk of side effects.
Abstract 780: Metformin induces apoptotic cell death and inhibits CD133+ cancer stem cells in 5-Fu-resistant colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Sunghee Kim, Ja-Lok Ku
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and estimated cancer related death is high in worldwide. 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) is common used chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer. Nevertheless the use frequency, the resistance to 5-Fu is still a critical problem. To improvement of therapeutic effects of 5-Fu, there are the new chemotherapeutic strategies like FOLFOX and FORFIRI, combination treatment 5-Fu with oxaliplatin or irinotecan. However, it is arguable that the side effects and efficiency of these strategies. Metformin is widely used therapeutic agent for type II diabetics, obesity, and polycystic ovarian syndrome with limited side effects. Recently, there are some evidence that metformin has anticancer effects for some types of cancers e.g. breast, pancreases, prostate, and colon. Recently, correlation of metformin and cancer stem cell population was proved. Here, we examined that metformin effects on parental colorectal cancer cells and their 5-Fu-resistant colorectal cancer cells. Metformin has the anticancer effects in parental cells and their 5-Fu-resistant cells in both cell lines. As treated with metformin, wound healing ability is decreased in both cell lines. Cell proliferation was 41.7% decreased in parental cells and 30.6% in 5-Fu-resistant cells. Also, expression of PARP and caspase-3 were induced by metformin dose dependent manner in both cell lines. It is suggested that metformin induces inhibition of cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. In addition, metformin treatment affects cell cycle; subG1 stage was increased to 1.7 fold and G2/M stage was increased to 1.6 fold in both cell lines. It means that metformin induces cell death and leads cell cycle arrest. However, there are no significant synergistic effect in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell cycle change with combination treatment of 5-Fu and metformin. CD133+ cancer stem cell population was decreased in 20 to 40 % as treated with 5-Fu and low dose of metformin to parental cells. On the other hand, CD133+ population in 5-Fu-resistant cells was affected in only low dose of metformin not 5-Fu. In sum, metformin has anticancer effects via inhibition of cell proliferation, cell cycle changes and metformin decreases CD133+ cancer stem cell population. Further studies will be necessary to verify the mechanisms that metformin decreases CD133+ cancer stem cell population in colorectal cancer cell lines. Citation Format: Sunghee Kim, Ja-Lok Ku. Metformin induces apoptotic cell death and inhibits CD133+ cancer stem cells in 5-Fu-resistant colorectal cancer cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 780. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-780
Ocular injuries sustained by survivors of the Oklahoma City bombing32The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.33The authors have no financial interest in any product described in this article.
Authors: Michael Mines, Allen Thach, Sue Mallonee, Lloyd Hildebrand, Sheryll Shariat
Journal: Ophthalmology (2000)
Abstract 431: CYP26C1 gene is highly methylated and correlated with chemoradiation therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Ritsuko Oikawa, Yoshihito Yoshida, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Fumio Itoh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Systemic chemo- and chemoradiation- therapy is widely accepted in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. However resistance to these therapies remaining pretty high and multicentric occurrence of ESCC often can see after treatment. Multiple studies have shown that promoter methylation of tumor suppressor genes underlie esophageal carcinogenesis. But, we still do not know that epigenetic changes after chemoradiation therapy (CRT) in ESCC. Our aim is to identify how change DNA methylation in tumor site (T) but also adjacent normal site (ADJ) before/after CRT. Methods: Tumor and adjacent normal biopsy specimens were obtained before/after treatment from 34 patients (124 samples) enrolled in a uniform CRT protocol. Genomewide DNA methylation analysis was performed using 12 non-treated test samples (T and matched ADJ: 6 each) by methylated CpG island amplification and microarray (MCAM) method (4x44K, Agilent custom array), and selected candidate genes that were highly methylated in T than ADJ. We next analyzed one of the candidate genes CYP26C1 (cytochrome P450, family 26, subfamily C, polypeptide 1) DNA methylation using 112 validation samples by quantitative bisulfate pyrosequencing. Results: CYP26C1 was selected by unsupervised hierarchical clustering after MCAM in test samples. CYP26C1 DNA methylation was significantly high in T than ADJ in both test and validation samples (p&amp;lt;0.04, T: 60.7±7.6, ADJ: 44.5±11.5). However some ADJ also showed high methylation in validation samples. Moreover, CYP26C1 methylation in both T and ADJ were significantly depressed after CRT (T: p&amp;lt;0.01 (45.1±18.3 to 31.6±14.9), ADJ: p&amp;lt;0.0001 (43.8±10.3 to 30.5±13.8)). Conclusions: CYP26C1 has a CpG island in promoter area and was highly methylated in T of ESCC patients. And, some ADJ showed high CYP26C1 methylation, suggesting possibility of multicentric occurs of ESCC. Moreover, CYP26C1 methylation depress after CRT both T and ADJ, suggesting potential clinical application of CRT sensitive biomarker. Citation Format: Yoshiyuki Watanabe, Ritsuko Oikawa, Yoshihito Yoshida, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Fumio Itoh. CYP26C1 gene is highly methylated and correlated with chemoradiation therapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 431. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-431