tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Preventing and Controlling Influenza with Available Interventions
Authors: Timothy M. Uyeki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

With influenza activity surging, critical illness and deaths have been reported in young and middle-aged U.S. adults. The predominant virus has been the strain that caused the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. Despite challenges, there's much we can do to reduce the impact of influenza.
Autoantibodies and antibacterial antibodies: from both sides now.
Authors: R A Watts, D A Isenberg
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1990)

Autoantibodies and antibacterial antibodies: from both sides now This year marks the 100th anniversary of the first description of antibodies by von Behring and Kitasato.'Within 10 years Ehrlich had developed the concept of 'horror autotoxicus'- the idea that the body's immune system would not permit the production of antibodies binding to self components.In contrast, over the past 90 years it has become apparent that not only does the normal immune system have the potential to produce autoantibodies but it frequently does so.The precise relation between antibodies which bind self antigens and those reacting with foreign epitopes remains to be determined.One of the primary functions of the immune system is to protect the organism against pathological microbial agents.The immune system must therefore be able to recognise bacterial antigenic determinants in order to mount an effective immune response.This leader explores the relation between autoantibodies and antibacterial antibodies from both sides.Do they simply represent two sides of the same coin or is there simply a variety of different coins, albeit minted in much the same way?Anti-self antibodies from healthy subjects Antibodies against selfdeterminants have been demonstrated in normal human sera as well as in sera from patients with autoimmune and infectious diseases, and blood dyscrasias.Thus Avramaes and colleagues have shown that a serum pool from 800 healthy donors contained antibodies against nine common self antigens-tubulin, actin, thyroglobulin, albumin, myoglobin, cytochrome c, fetuin, transferrin, and collagen.2'Daar and Fabre examined normal sera for reactivity against tissue extracts from brain, heart, liver, and kidney and found that each serum tested bound to all tissues except kidney.5Anti-DNA antibodies appearing in normal subjects have been described by several groups.67Anti-DNA antibody synthesis has been shown after stimulation of normal human lymphocytes by pokeweed mitogen,8 Epstein-Barr virus,7 Klebsiella pneumoniae,9 and even without mitogen stimu- on August 16,
Heme oxygenase-1 expression enhances vascular endothelial resistance to complement-mediated injury through induction of decay-accelerating factor: a role for increased bilirubin and ferritin
Authors: Anne R. Kinderlerer, Isabel Pombo Gregoire, Shahir S. Hamdulay, Faisal Ali, Rivka Steinberg, Gabriela Silva, Nadira Ali, Bufei Wang, Dorian O. Haskard, Miguel P. Soares, Justin C. Mason
Journal: Blood (2008)
Selective Clearance of Macrophages in Atherosclerotic Plaques by Autophagy
Authors: Stefan Verheye, Wim Martinet, Mark M. Kockx, Michiel W.M. Knaapen, Koen Salu, Jean-Pierre Timmermans, Jeffrey T. Ellis, Deborah L. Kilpatrick, Guido R.Y. De Meyer
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Foot Disorders: Medical and Surgical Management
Authors: Ben L. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Physicians who advise or treat patients with foot complaints will find this compendium a useful guide to the assessment and management of foot disorders. Introductory sections present basic anatomy, physiology, and development of the foot. Pediatricians and family physicians will appreciate the clear delineation of the normal from the abnormal foot at various ages. Subsequent chapters, arranged according to the age of the patient, discuss specific problems. For example, in the portion of the book which deals with children, the club-foot, calcaneovalgus, congenital rigid flatfoot, and pronated foot are among the subjects covered. The foot in cerebral palsy, poliomyelitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and neurologic disorders are a few of the topics reviewed in other sections. After reading a discussion, the reader can make an intelligent diagnosis and a decision about the treatment of a specific disorder. Each chapter, written by an authority, reflects the author's viewpoint and may differ from common
Classification Systems for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Infection
Authors: Joseph D. Diaz, Alberto Berman, Richard F. Lockey, Luis R. Espinoza
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Letters and Corrections1 January 1988Classification Systems for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) InfectionJOSEPH D. DIAZ, M.D., ALBERTO BERMAN, M.D., RICHARD F. LOCKEY, M.D., LUIS R. ESPINOZA, M.D.JOSEPH D. DIAZ, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, ALBERTO BERMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, RICHARD F. LOCKEY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, LUIS R. ESPINOZA, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-108-1-155_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Several classification systems based on clinical and immunologic profiles have been proposed for patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (1, 2). A single classification system is preferable. Such a classification should increase awareness of the spectrum of HIV infection, provide a uniform nomenclature for clinical staging, facilitate understanding of the natural history of HIV disease, aid in disease surveillance and reporting, and help in evaluation of response to HIV therapy. This system should also provide a basis for standardizing clinical and epidemiologic studies, analyzing morbidity and mortality associated with HIV, and developing criteria for disability...References1. . Classification system for human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy associated virus infections. MMWR. 1986;35:334-9. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. REDFIELDWRIGHTTRAMONT RDE. The Walter Reed staging classification for HTLV-III/LAV infection. N Engl J Med. 1986;314:131-2. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. SOLOMONCURRAN SJ. Public health applications of a classification system for human immunodeficiency virus infection. Ann Intern Med. 1987;106:319-21. LinkGoogle Scholar4. . Revision of the CDC surveillance case definition for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. JAMA. 1987;258:1143-54. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. KLEINHARRISSMALLMOLLLESSERFRIEDLAND RCCBMG. Oral candidiasis in high-risk patients as the initial manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:354-8. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOSEPH D. DIAZ, M.D.; ALBERTO BERMAN, M.D.; RICHARD F. LOCKEY, M.D.; LUIS R. ESPINOZA, M.D.Affiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Staging and Monitoring by Primary Care Providers of Patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections 1 January 1988Volume 108, Issue 1Page: 155-156KeywordsClinical immunologyDisabilitiesDisease surveillanceHIVHIV epidemiologyHIV infectionsHIV-1MorbidityMortalityNatural history of disease ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1988 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum–infected erythrocytes to chondroitin-4-sulfate is cooperative and shear enhanced
Authors: Harden Rieger, Hiroshi Y. Yoshikawa, Katharina Quadt, Morten A. Nielsen, Cecilia P. Sanchez, Ali Salanti, Motomu Tanaka, Michael Lanzer
Journal: Blood (2014)
THE DERMATOSES DUE TO COSMETICS
Authors: H. N. COLE
Journal: JAMA (1924)

The use of cosmetics has become, unfortunately, more and more common. What was once considered poor form is now the mode with the average woman, certainly in the cities. Most women paint; all of them use powders of different types, and if one were to read over the list of all the different cosmetics it would be indeed startling. Statistics recently furnished by the Cleveland Public Library show that the general use of cosmetics has reached such proportions that, in 1919-1920, on the basis of taxes paid, there were some $205,000,000 worth of these preparations sold; and the Department of Commerce tells us that, in 1921, $75,000,000 worth were manufactured—at what price they were sold one can only venture a guess. We say that the average woman uses at least some of the long list of cosmetics, and yet many of these women are unaware of the danger they are
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and regulatory dendritic cells contribute to the allograft protection induced by infusion of donor-specific splenic stromal cells
Authors: Li Liu, Lihua Duan, Min Gong, Hong Dai, Quan Gong, Fang Zheng, Zheng Tan, Congyi Wang, Feili Gong, Min Fang
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2010)
Abstract 2391: USP7 deubiquitinates XPC in response to ultraviolet light irradiation
Authors: Jinshan He, Qianzheng Zhu, Nidhi Sharma, Gulzar Wani, Chunhua Han, Jiang Qian, Kyle Pentz, Qi-en Wang, Altaf A Wani
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Ultraviolet light (UV)-induced Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) protein ubiquitination is mediated by an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex containing UV damaged-DNA binding protein. Here, we report that ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) deubiquitinates XPC during NER. We have demonstrated that transiently compromising cellular USP7, by siRNA or specific inhibitor HBX41108, leads to accumulation of ubiquitinated forms of XPC. However, complete USP7 disruption causes an ubiquitin-mediated XPC degradation upon cellular irradiation. We show that USP7 interacts with XPC in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of wild-type USP7, but not its catalytically inactive or interaction-defective mutants, reduces ubiquitinated forms of XPC. Importantly, USP7 efficiently deubiquitinates XPC-ubiquitin conjugates in deubiquitination assays in vitro. We further showed that valosin-containing protein (VCP)/p97 is required for UV-induced XPC degradation in USP7-deficient cells. VCP/p97 is readily recruited to DNA damage sites and co-localizes with XPC. Inhibition of VCP/p97 causes an accumulation of ubiquitinated XPC on DNA damaged chromatin. Moreover, USP7 disruption severely impairs the repair of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) and, to a lesser extent, affects the repair of 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PP). Taken together, our findings have uncovered an important role of USP7 in regulating NER via deubiquitinating XPC and by preventing its VCP/p97-regulated proteolysis (This work was supported by grants from NIH). Citation Format: Jinshan He, Qianzheng Zhu, Nidhi Sharma, Gulzar Wani, Chunhua Han, Jiang Qian, Kyle Pentz, Qi-en Wang, Altaf A Wani. USP7 deubiquitinates XPC in response to ultraviolet light irradiation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2391. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2391
A high-yield sampler for toxicological characterization of complex mixtures in combustion effluents.
Authors: E L Kruzel, A L Lafleur, A G Braun, J P Longwell, W G Thilly, W A Peters
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1991)

Combustion sampling for toxicological assessment often requires that large (greater than 100 mg) lots of complex organic mixtures of wide volatility range be rapidly recovered from high temperature gases without contamination. A new sampler, meeting these criteria for studies of public health interest, has been developed and demonstrated. The device provides high sampling rates and intimate contacting of the samples stream with large volumes of a well-cooled, liquid solvent, dichloromethane (DCM). This promotes rapid organics dissolution from carrier gas and particulates and prompt dilution and quenching of the resulting solution, resulting in high organics collection efficiencies with minimal DCM losses. Solvent separation then remits large quantities of concentrated organics for chemical analysis and toxicological testing. One- to seven-hour interrogations of in-flame, post-flame, and flue gas regions gave 50- to 250-mg yields of complex organic mixtures. In side-by-side sampling of combustion exhaust, the DCM sampler provided higher yields of DCM solubles (identified with complex organic mixtures) and of S. typhimuirim mutagens (active without exogenous metabolizing agents) than did a filter/polymeric sorbent bed sampling train. The new sampler also collects polar and high volatile hydrocarbons such as benzaheyde, pentadiyne, m- and p-diethynyl-benzene, and 1-hexen-3,5-diyne. Nitration of naphthalene and pyrene in DCM solution (1 mg/mL each) was less than 1 part in 10(7) after a 345-min exposure to a bubbling flow of moist N2/air mixture (1:1 v/v) containing 107 ppm NO and 1.5 ppm NO2, indicating that for these condition a DCM sampler should resist artifactual nitration of aromatics. However, because of the very high bacterial mutagenicity of some nitroaromatics and the wide range of sampling conditions of environmental interest, nitration and all artifacts must still be scrutinized when using the DCM sampler. The DCM sampler is expected to contribute to public health impact assessments by facilitating detailed determinations of the identities, compositions, concentrations, sources, formation mechanisms, and biological activity of environmental toxicants in gaseous atmospheres.
Consumer groups fight plans for "direct to patient" drug advertisements
Authors: R. Watson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Some of Europe's leading consumer organisations, including the UK Consumers' Association and National Consumer Council, are opposing plans to allow limited direct advertising of prescription medicines to special patients groups.

The European Commission raised the possibility in July of relaxing the current ban on direct advertising by pharmaceutical companies when it proposed changes to existing legislation that dates from 1995 (28 July, p 184).

However, it suggested that the advertising could relate only to AIDS, diabetes, and asthma and would need to be authorised by …
Clinical Decision Making: Theory vs Practice
Authors: William H. Havener
Journal: JAMA (1990)

To the Editor.—  Since I have been actively participating in educational institutions for the past 56 years and am currently a full professor and practicing ophthalmologist, I completely agree with Dr Eddy's 1 thesis that the pathway to professional betterment is through continuing research and education. Always that has been true and has been our sought-after professional goal.  However, the illustration that accompanied Dr Eddy's article purports to show that 57 specialists' estimates ranged from 0% to 100% probability of occurrence of a given outcome. This is stated to prove the extreme inaccuracy of the practice of medicine. Since the details of this event were concealed, evaluation of its significance is impossible except by hypothetical approach. I think it does not mean what Dr Eddy assumes and it will be quoted by government to our undeserved detriment.  Analysis of the illustrated distribution of the 57 estimates immediately reveals that it
513 HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) AND HEPATITIS VIRUSES: OXIDATIVE DAMAGE CORRELATE WITH CELL IMMORTALIZATION AND MIRNA EXPRESSION
Authors: R. Cardin, M. Bortolami, M. Piciocchi, L. Barzon, A. Sinigaglia, E. Lavezzi, U. Cillo, G. Zanus, F. Farinati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
Adrenaline in allergic emergencies.
Authors: G. Y. Lip, M. J. Metcalfe
Journal: BMJ (1992)

for medical recognition of nursing autonomy and expertise in this field.'>In view of the medicolegal and other implications of this article, I wish to state that I and many other dermatologists consider that short term use of a Eusol dressing to clear adherent slough from an ulcer is perfectly reasonable.We object to the way in which Eusol has been effectively banned by nursing diktat without appropriate consultation and for no very good reason.
Influence of exposure concentration or dose on the distribution of particulate material in rat and human lungs.
Authors: K J Nikula, V Vallyathan, F H Green, F F Hahn
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Differences among species in the anatomic sites of particle retention could influence responses to inhaled particles. In this study, we used morphometric techniques to examine the influence of exposure concentration on particle retention in histologic sections from rats and humans. The rats had been exposed for 24 months to diesel exhaust at 0.35, 3.5, or 7.0 mg soot/m(3). The human subjects were nonsmokers who did not work as miners, nonsmoking coal miners who worked under the current standard of 2 mg dust/m(3) for 10-20 years (mean = 14 years), and nonsmoking coal miners who worked under the former standard of < 10 mg dust/m(3) for 33-50 years (mean = 40 years). The distribution of retained particles within the lung compartments was markedly different between species. In all three groups of rats, 82-85% of the retained particulate material was located in the alveolar and alveolar duct lumens, primarily in macrophages. In humans, 57, 68, and 91% of the retained particulate material was located in the interstitium of the lung in the non-miners, coal miners under the current standard, and coal miners under the former standard, respectively. These results show that chronically inhaled diesel soot is retained predominantly in the airspaces of rats over a wide range of exposures, whereas in humans, chronically inhaled particulate material is retained primarily in the interstitium. In humans, the percentage of particles in the interstitium is increased with increased dose (exposure concentration, years of exposure, and/or lung burden). This difference in distribution may bring different lung cells into contact with the retained particles or particle-containing macrophages in rats and humans and may account for differences in species response to inhaled particles.
Serum Hyaluronic Acid Levels are Positively Correlated to the Angiographic Extent and Severity of Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Aycan Fahri Erkan, Özge Özsaçmacı, Murat Uğurlu, Uğur Erçin, Aslı Tanındı, Berkay Ekici, Bülent Çelik, Ayşe Bilgihan, Hasan Fehmi Töre
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Are the dangers of childhood food allergy exaggerated?
Authors: Jonathan O'B Hourihane
Journal: BMJ (2006)

NO The acquisition, preparation, and consumption of food are fundamental and unavoidable parts of life. Retrospective and prospective case series show time and again that food allergy can be fatal for some people, at a time and place they cannot predict or avoid ([fig 1][1]).[1][2]–[3][3] Food
Gastric and Small Intestinal Myoelectric Dysrhythmia Associated with Chronic Intractable Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Chul H. You, William Y. Chey, Kae Y. Lee, Rene Menguy, Alex Bortoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

We describe a patient with symptoms of severe nausea, vomiting, epigastric bloating and pain, and marked weight loss due to a gastrointestinal motility disturbance. Motility abnormalities were characterized by uncoordinated high pressure (as high as 300 mm Hg) contractions and uncoordinated interdigestive motor complexes in the duodenum and small intestine, and tachygastria often associated with tachyarrhythmia in the gastric myoelectric activity recordings. Uncoordinated interdigestive myoelectric complexes again were found in the duodenum and small intestine. These abnormal myoelectric activities observed in the in-vivo study were confirmed in the in-vitro study. After distal hemigastrectomy and gastrojejunostomy, the symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and epigastric pain decreased considerably. Thus, the motility abnormality found in the study appears to be responsible for the symptoms described. This is probably a new clinical entity. The importance of manometric and myoelectric study of a gastrointestinal motility for unexplained nausea and vomiting is emphasized.
Normal versus abnormal structure: considerations in morphologic responses of teleosts to pollutants.
Authors: D E Hinton, R C Lantz, J A Hampton, P R McCuskey, R S McCuskey
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Consideration of newer more quantitative morphologic approaches to the study of aquatic pollutants can provide opportunity for collaborative/integrated studies with other subdisciplines in toxicology. Current commonly employed morphologic approaches result largely in subjective findings difficult to analyze statistically and often are directed at levels of structural organization inconsistent with biochemical and physiological approaches. We review some of the methods and approaches available for correlated structure/function studies and present examples from normal and altered skin, gill, and liver of teleosts.
Evidence for Increased Glutamatergic Cortical Facilitation in Children and Adolescents With Major Depressive Disorder
Authors: Paul E. Croarkin, Paul A. Nakonezny, Mustafa M. Husain, Tabatha Melton, Jeylan S. Buyukdura, Betsy D. Kennard, Graham J. Emslie, F. Andrew Kozel, Zafiris J. Daskalakis
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2013)

Converging lines of evidence implicate the glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid neurotransmitter systems in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. Transcranial magnetic stimulation cortical excitability and inhibition paradigms have been used to assess cortical glutamatergic and γ-aminobutyric acid-mediated tone in adults with major depressive disorder, but not in children and adolescents.To compare measures of cortical excitability and inhibition with 4 different paradigms in a group of children and adolescents with major depressive disorder vs healthy controls.Cross-sectional study examining medication-free children and adolescents (aged 9-17 years) with major depressive disorder compared with healthy controls. Cortical excitability was assessed with motor threshold and intracortical facilitation measures. Cortical inhibition was measured with cortical silent period and intracortical inhibition paradigms.University-based child and adolescent psychiatry clinic and neurostimulation laboratory.Twenty-four participants with major depressive disorder and 22 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Patients with major depressive disorder were medication naive and had moderate to severe symptoms based on an evaluation with a child and adolescent psychiatrist and scores on the Children's Depression Rating Scale-Revised.Motor threshold, intracortical facilitation, cortical silent period, and intracortical inhibition.Compared with healthy controls, depressed patients had significantly increased intracortical facilitation at interstimulus intervals of 10 and 15 milliseconds bilaterally. There were no significant group differences in cortical inhibition measures.These findings suggest that major depressive disorder in children and adolescents is associated with increased intracortical facilitation and excessive glutamatergic activity.
Intermittent Positive Pressure Breathing
Authors: M. S. Segal, A. Salomon, M. J. Dulfano, J. A. Herschfus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1954)

THE therapeutic value of mechanical respiration in acute and chronic pulmonary diseases, as well as in cardiac conditions, has encouraged the development of many types of apparatus, found largely in the laboratories of physiologists and clinicians interested in pulmonary diseases. The numerous mechanical devices successfully used for pressure breathing include face masks, hood domes and body respiratory chambers, which, depending on the method of application, induce different physiologic responses.Notation SystemThe factors that enter into all types of pressure breathing are as follows: timing of pressure (intermittent — during inspiration or expiration — and continuous — during inspiration and . . .