THE SEPARATION OF BLOOD INTO FRACTIONS OF THERAPEUTIC VALUE
Authors: E J COHN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

Article1 March 1947THE SEPARATION OF BLOOD INTO FRACTIONS OF THERAPEUTIC VALUEEDWIN J. COHNEDWIN J. COHNSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-26-3-341 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptI. INTRODUCTIONMedicine is concerned with understanding, in the interests of control, all of the component parts of the body and their functioning. Anatomy and physiology have contributed to this understanding, as have histology, bacteriology and immunology. Alchemy has contributed both to pharmacology and to chemistry, and an unfolding chemistry has contributed a knowledge first of the elements, then of their relation to each other in the organic molecule and then of intermolecular reactions. The level of understanding, at any time, has reflected the new knowledge in the natural, as well as in the medical sciences.Discovery of the Atmospheric... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts*John Phillips Memorial Medalist Presentation to the Twenty-Seventh Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, May 14, 1946.This work was originally supported by grants from the Rockefeller Foundation and from funds of Harvard University. It was aided early in 1941 by grants from the Committee on Medicine of the National Research Council, which included a grant from the American College of Physicians. Since August, 1941, it has been carried out under contract, recommended by the Committee on Medical Research, between the Office of Scientific Research and Development and Harvard University.This paper is Number 51 in the series "Studies on Plasma Proteins" from the Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, on products developed by the Department of Physical Chemistry from blood collected by the American Red Cross.Our knowledge of blood has been accumulating for so many centuries that adequate references to the literature regarding each point referred to would occupy more space than this brief essay. The quotation from Mayow is from the article by T. S. Patterson, Isis, 1931, xv, 504. The quotation from Mulder is from page 101, and that from Liebig is from pages 38 and 39 of Liebig, J., Animal Chemistry, or Organic Chemistry in Its Application to Physiology and Pathology, John Owen, Cambridge, 1843. References to Mulder's early estimates of protein molecular weights and to the communication from Denis to Liebig are given in a paper on Proteins as Chemical Substances and as Biological Components in the Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 1939, xv, 639. A partial bibliography regarding blood and blood derivatives is published in Science in Progress, Yale University Press, Fourth Series, pages 319-23, 1945. Earlier chemical methods for the separation and purification of the plasma proteins were considered in Chemical Reviews, 1941, xxviii, 395, and the newer methods of plasma fractionation in ethanol-water mixtures of controlled pH, ionic strength and temperature were reported in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, 1940, lxii, 3396, and 1946, lxviii, 459. Recent studies upon separated plasma components which have led to clinical uses have been reported in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1944, xxiii, 417-606; 1945, xxiv, 657, 662, 671, 698, 704, 793, 802, and 1946, xxv, 304; and articles to be published shortly in the same journal; in the Journal of the American Medical Association, 1944, cxxiv, 976; 1944, cxxvi, 469, 674, 680, 944; 1945, cxxvii, 144; 1945, cxxviii, 1062, 1088; and 1945, cxxix, 270; in the Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, Second Series, 1945, xxi, 202; in Surgery, 1945, xviii, 347; and in the American Journal of the Medical Sciences, 1945, ccx, 661. Nextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe past, present, and future of enzyme-based therapiesPlatelet extracellular vesicles mediate transfusion-related acute lung injury by imbalancing the sphingolipid rheostatBrief Review of the Biopharmaceutical and Vaccine IndustryUsing the mean platelet volume MPV for the quality assessment of apheresis proceduresDownstream Processing Technologies/Capturing and Final PurificationThe History and Development of the Plasma Protein Fractionation IndustryPlasma Fractionation and Plasma Protein ProductsFrom Life-Blood Streaming to HemostasisDevelopment and validation of a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of human serum albumin (HSA) in medical devicesEconomic Assessment of Different Modalities of Immunoglobulin Replacement TherapyImproved method for analysis of glycosaminoglycans in glycosaminoglycan/protein mixtures: Application in Cohn–Oncley fractions of human plasmaHistorical BackgroundCell Salvage in TraumaBlood SubstitutesVirus reduction in the preparation of intravenous immune globulin: in vitro experimentsTransgenic animal bioreactors in biotechnology and production of blood proteinsThe Current Status of Haemoglobin-based Blood SubstitutesHistory of Transfusion MedicineClinical safety of intravenous immune globulin and freedom from transmission of viral diseaseNon-A Non-B Hepatitis and the Safety of Intravenous Immune Globulin, pH 4.2: A Retrospective Survey:Plasma fractionation — a profile†Antibody levels in reduced/alkylated intravenous immune globulinEdwin J. Cohn †The Uses of Gamma Globulin in Prophylaxis and TreatmentAn extrarenal action of mercurial diureticsTRANSFERRIN VARIATIONS IN SERA OF MACACA IRUSIdentification of human serum proteins binding iron, copper, and thyroid hormones by starch gel electrophoresisEdwin J. Cohn †�ber die Stoffwechselver�nderungen im Warmbl�terorganismus durch strahlende Energie und �ber Versuche zur Prophylaxe und Therapie der Strahlensch�denEdwin J. CohnDer AntikörperDer Stoffwechsel der PorphyrineAgglutinin Linkage and Antibody GlobulinsReaction of Vitamin A Aldehyde with Plasma AlbuminTHE INTERACTION OF PROTEINS WITH CONJUGATE PAIRS OF MOLECULES OR IONS; BOVINE PLASMA PROTEINS VERSUS A 9-AMINOACRIDINETHE NATURE OF AUTO-AGGLUTININSEgg ProteinsHemophiliac: The pre- and postoperative treatmentStaphylococcal Coagulase: the Nature of Plasma Activator in the Clotting ProcessTurbidimetric Estimation of Serum Colloids in Extrahepatic DiseaseBlood and Its DerivativesThe Plasma Proteins in Disease 1 March 1947Volume 26, Issue 3Page: 341-352KeywordsBloodBlood plasmaChemical fractionationHistologyImmunologyPharmacologyPlasma proteinsProteinsSurgeryTemperature ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1947 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright, 1947, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...