tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes form spontaneous erythrocyte rosettes.
Authors: R Udomsangpetch, B Wåhlin, J Carlson, K Berzins, M Torii, M Aikawa, P Perlmann, M Wahlgren
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1989)

Erythrocytes infected with trophozoites or schizonts of Plasmodium falciparum bind uninfected erythrocytes, leading to rosette formation. Both established laboratory strains and fresh isolates from patients form such rosettes, but at widely different frequencies. IgG preparations from the serum of some P. falciparum-immune donors and heparin inhibited rosette formation. The results indicate that cytoadherence of infected erythrocytes to endothelial cells and rosetting represent distinct genetic traits.
Patient Preferences and Health Disparities
Authors: Jeffrey N. Katz
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage
Authors: I L P Beales
Journal: Gut (2003)

I enjoyed reading the guidelines on non-variceal upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage ( Gut 2002; 51 (suppl 4):V1–6) and would like to congratulate the British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) on their production, and hope they will form the basis for continued improvements in the management of this condition. However, several areas of the guidelines require further comment and exploration before they can be accepted as a national “gold standard” by which the management of non-variceal haemorrhage should be judged.

The guidelines give a grade A recommendation for the use of endoscopic therapy to treat adherent clots. This is despite failure of individual randomised controlled trials of endoscopic versus no endoscopic therapy to demonstrate a benefit in this subgroup.1–4 The guidelines indicate the rationale for recommending endoscopic therapy is a meta-analysis of trials5; this is an incorrect interpretation of those results. The quoted meta-analysis showed that endoscopic therapy was of significant benefit in patients with active bleeding or a visible vessel but not in patients with adherent clots or flat spots.5 If this analysis is the …
Interaction of Endogenous Nephrin and CD2-Associated Protein in Mouse Epithelial M-1 Cell Line
Authors: Tuula Palme[Combining Acute Accent]n, Sanna Lehtonen, Ari Ora, Dontscho Kerjaschki, Corinne Antignac, Eero Lehtonen, Harry Holtho[Combining Diaeresis]fer
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

ABSTRACT. The interpodocyte slit diaphragm is an essential structure for maintaining the functional glomerular filtration barrier. The slit diaphragm is proposed to consist of an interacting meshwork of nephrin molecules. Earlier studies with tagged proteins have suggested that the intracellular part of nephrin interacts with CD2-associated protein (CD2AP). This study was addressed to show by coimmunoprecipitation and pulldown assays an interaction of endogenously expressed nephrin and CD2AP in the kidney-derived mouse epithelial M-1 cell line, to provide evidence of the domain(s) of CD2AP involved in the interaction, and to show the localization of the respective proteins by immunoelectron microscopy in kidney cortex. In addition, the localization of CD2AP, podocin, α-actinin 4, and nephrin was studied in human kidney glomeruli and in M-1 cells by immunofluorescence microscopy. The results indicate an endogenous interaction between nephrin and CD2AP in M-1 cells and suggest that this interaction is mediated by the third Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of CD2AP. We also show by immunoelectron microscopy that nephrin and CD2AP are detected at the slit diaphragm area, supporting their interaction in the glomeruli <i>in vivo</i>. In addition, nephrin was found to partially colocalize with CD2AP and podocin in double immunofluorescence microscopy, confirming the close proximity of these proteins and proposing that these proteins may belong to nephrin-associated protein complex in glomeruli. The existence of nephrin, CD2AP, podocin, and α-actinin 4 enables further characterization of their relationship in M-1 cells.
Increased availability of central benzodiazepine receptors in patients with chronic hepatic encephalopathy and alcohol related cirrhosis
Authors: R Jalan
Journal: Gut (2000)

<h3>BACKGROUND/AIMS</h3> To measure cerebral benzodiazepine receptor binding using <sup>11</sup>C-flumazenil positron emission tomography in patients with stable chronic hepatic encephalopathy, who were also characterised by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. <h3>METHODS</h3> Six abstinent patients of mean age 61 years with alcohol related cirrhosis and grade I–II hepatic encephalopathy and 11 matched healthy volunteers were studied. Each patient9s encephalopathy was defined according to clinical, psychometric, electroencephalographic, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy criteria. Using positron emission tomography, the brain volume of distribution of <sup>11</sup>C-flumazenil was obtained; this reflects benzodiazepine receptor availability. Proton magnetic resonance spectra were acquired at 1.5 T using a multivoxel technique; peak area ratios were calculated for choline, glutamine/glutamate, N-acetylaspartate, and creatine resonances. <h3>RESULTS</h3> The mean volume of distribution of <sup>11</sup>C-flumazenil was significantly higher in the cortex, cerebellum, and the basal ganglia in the patients compared with controls (p&lt;0.001). In the patient group, the mean glutamine/glutamate to creatine ratio was significantly increased and the mean choline to creatine ratio was significantly decreased in all brain areas, compared with healthy volunteers. However, the N-acetylaspartate to creatine ratio was unchanged compared with controls. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> The spectroscopy results reflect the cerebral metabolic derangement associated with hepatic encephalopathy. Stable grade I–II chronic hepatic encephalopathy in alcohol related cirrhosis may be associated with increased cerebral benzodiazepine receptor availability. However, a direct effect of previous chronic exposure to alcohol cannot be excluded.
Case volume and outcome of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: results of a nationwide Austrian benchmarking project
Authors: C. Kapral, C. Duller, F. Wewalka, E. Kerstan, W. Vogel, F. Schreiber
Journal: Endoscopy (2008)

In a quality assessment project for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), initiated in 2006 by the Austrian Society of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, benchmark data were collected on a voluntary basis. Results from the individual participating centers, both academic and community-based, were compared with pooled benchmark data, with the intention that individual problems should be identified and corrected in order to improve patient care in Austria. Success and complication rates in nonselected patients were evaluated, especially with regard to case volume.In Austria, with a population of 8 million, 140 sites are registered for ERCP, and it is estimated that up to 15 000 procedures are done annually. Of these sites, 28 participated in the "Benchmarking ERCP" project during the first year, reporting on 3132 procedures, or 22 % of the total number.The overall complication rate in nonselected patients was 12.6 %, consisting of post-ERCP pancreatitis (5.1 %), bleeding (3.7 %), cholangitis (1.9 %), cardiopulmonary complications (0.9 %), and perforation (0.5 %); procedure-related mortality was 0.1 %. The overall therapeutic and diagnostic target was achieved in 84.8 %. High case volume (endoscopists performing > 50 vs. < 50 ERCPs per year; 21 vs. 68 endoscopists) was associated with significantly higher success (86.9 % vs. 80.3 %, P < 0.001) and lower overall complication rates (10.2 % vs. 13.6 %, P = 0.007); significance was not reached for all subgroups of complications.Success and complication rates for ERCP in Austria are comparable to those reported elsewhere. In our study, endoscopists with a case volume exceeding 50 ERCPs per year had higher success and lower overall complication rates.
Asthma induced by enkephalin.
Authors: R D Leslie, D Bellamy, D A Pyke
Journal: BMJ (1980)

A total of 291 diabetics were studied to see whether an asthmatic reaction was associated with facial flushing induced by chlorpropamide and alcohol. Of these patients, 191 reported facial flushing, of whom 12 reported breathlessness as well. Of these 12, five also described wheezing, and respiratory function tests showed them to have asthma. Three of these five patients underwent further tests, which showed that the asthmatic reaction could be prevented by giving disodium cromoglycate and the specific opiate antagonist naloxone. One patient developed wheezing when given an enkephalin analogue with opiate-like activity. Asthma induced by chlorpropamide and alcohol was concluded to be mediated by endogenous peptides with opiate-like activity such as enkephalin.
Apatite formation on (2 − x)CaO·x3 M2O3·2SiO2 glasses (M = La, Y; 0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.6) in a simulated body fluid
Authors: R. Fresa, A. Costantini, A. Buri, F. Branda
Journal: Biomaterials (1995)
THE SIGNS OF SYPHILIS
Authors: Douglas Symmers
Journal: JAMA (1918)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —In the current number of the<i>American Journal of Syphilis</i>, Dr. A. S. Warthin of the University of Michigan contributes an extraordinary paper on the "New Pathology of Syphilis," in which he states that, as a result of microscopic methods, he has been able to demonstrate syphilitic changes in 40 per cent, of 750 subjects examined postmortem. Assuming that the population of the state of Michigan is neither more nor less venereally unfortunate than that of other localities, Dr. Warthin's statement naturally suggests that 40 per cent. of humanity is demonstrably if not dangerously syphilized. Happily for the individual as well as for a profession that is already sufficiently if not unduly impressed by the ubiquity of syphilis, the methods by which Dr. Warthin arrived at this remarkable and disquieting conclusion are not beyond dispute, identical methods in other hands having failed to yield comparable results. For
Abstract 1326: Oral enclomiphene citrate lowers IGF-1 in men with secondary hypogonadism while raising testosterone: Implications for cancer prevention.
Authors: Ronald D. Wiehle, Gregory K. Fontenot
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Introduction: Lowered hGH and IGF-1 have been linked with protection from various cancers. Methods and Subjects: We determined levels of IGF-1 and pituitary hormones in men with secondary hypogonadism under treatment with enclomiphene (a.k.a. Androxal) in comparison to topical testosterone (T) or placebo. Three, randomized, blinded, phase II studies evaluating daily oral Androxal were performed: ZA-201 investigated 12 men taking 25mg of Androxal in comparison to a gel for 6 months, ZA-202 enrolled 119 diabetic men taking 12.5 or 25 mg Androxal versus placebo for 3 months, and ZA-204 investigated 47 men taking 6.25mg, 12.5mg and 25mg Androxal versus another gel for 6 weeks. All subjects had initial total T &amp;lt;350 ng/dL and low-to-normal LH (&amp;lt;12 IU/L). Serum samples were taken for T, LH and FSH before and after dosing. We could not measure hGH directly but measured its marker, liver-produced IGF-1. Results: All treatments raised T into the normal range (300-1000 ng/dL), but placebo did not in ZA-202. Androxal elevated LH and FSH. Gels decreased LH and FSH strongly. Unexpected was the strong action of Androxal to lower serum IGF-1 in all three trials. Both Androxal and topicals lowered serum IGF-1 but Androxal was more effective. An example is given from ZA-204 below. Dose groups showed no differences in IGF-1 before (p = 0.94) but significance after treatment (p = 0.03), Conclusions: Endocrine profile indicate that enclomiphene citrate stimulates the pituitary, resulting in increased LH and FSH and eventually T. The results on IGF-1 cannot be attributed to T since topicals, when used, raised T but not IGF-1 whereas only enclomiphene citrate raised T but lowered IGF-1. Enclomiphene citrate is different from topicals and may be a new way to relieve low T in men with an intact hypothalamus-pituitary-testicular axis. If Androxal can lower hGH or IGF-1 in aging men at risk for prostate cancer, its use in men with secondary hypogonadism is an important new treatment. Effect of Treatment on IGF-1 dose subjects IGF-1 (SD)before IGF-1 (SD) after Versus Gel MMW 6.25mg 12 101 (43) 54 (30) p&amp;lt;0.01 12.5mg 10 94 (47) 50 (24) p&amp;lt;0.005 25mg 12 96 (45) 62 (42) p&amp;lt;0.01 Gel 13 103 (46) 90 (34) Citation Format: Ronald D. Wiehle, Gregory K. Fontenot. Oral enclomiphene citrate lowers IGF-1 in men with secondary hypogonadism while raising testosterone: Implications for cancer prevention. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1326. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-1326
Administration of Education Programs in Academic Health Centers
Authors: John R. Hogness, Gwynn C. Akin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1977)

Because of their expanding budgets, facilities, enrollments and staff, and because of increasing responsibilities for rendering health services, academic health centers must make major administrative decisions. We believe that these centers should remain within the university structure to facilitate interdisciplinary education, should better integrate the activities of the faculties of their component schools, and should prepare more purposefully for the multiprofessional teams that will deliver primary care in the future. Basic-science departments should also improve institutional programs for serving students in all the health sciences. A center's chief administrative officer, a vice-president for health affairs, should have clearly defined lines of authority over the center's operations, including those of the university hospital. In spite of burdensome governmental regulations, centers should cooperate with legislative efforts in health planning, in developing experimental models for new delivery systems and in supporting studies that will underlie equitable rate regulation.
Development of B lymphocytes in mice heterozygous for the X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) mutation. xid inhibits development of all splenic and lymph node B cells at a stage subsequent to their initial formation in bone marrow.
Authors: L M Forrester, J D Ansell, H S Micklem
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1987)

CBA/N mice were crossed with CBA/Ca-Pgk-1a to produce female F1 hybrids that were heterozygous for both xid and the phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK-1) allozymes. PGK acted as a quantifiable marker for the frequency of cells in which the xid-bearing X chromosome was active in lymphocytic and other cell populations. In adults, such cells (termed xid cells) were virtually absent in FACS-sorted splenic and lymph node B cells, and in all three splenic subpopulations distinguished on the basis of their relative expression of membrane mu and delta chains. Thus, the xid mutation appeared to compromise the development of all B cells. Erythrocytes, thymocytes, T cells, and granulocytes were unaffected. Selection against xid cells was less pronounced in the spleens of 2-6-wk-old mice. In the bone marrow, there was evidence for selection against xid in the production of B cells (except at 2 wk of age), but not at the pre-B cell level. These data suggest that, in competition with normal non-xid cells, newly-formed xid B cells were less likely to be incorporated into the peripheral B cell pool.
Study Downgrades Amniocentesis Risk
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A CASE OF INTUSSUSCEPTION ACCOMPANIED BY POLYPUS AND STRICTURE: PERFORATION: RESECTION: RECOVERY
Authors: R. V. D. A. Redwood
Journal: BMJ (1909)

EM DICOmsl 77This, then, is a brief outline of a subject about which very much more might be written, and also in connexion with which very much more work remains to be done.I expect that in the near fature we shall be able to distinguish different forms of catarrhal irritability of the colon, separating those of rheumatic or uric acid origin from those of influenzal origin, and both again from those Aue to intestinal micro-organisms.
United States budget supports child health
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Healthcare coverage for children in the United States is to expand under the new budget endorsed by congress last week after lengthy negotiations. A new programme costing $24bn (£15bn) over five years will finance medical care for children without health insurance.

Individual states will decide what health benefits to provide, but the services must be similar to those in government or private business and will include immunisation programmes and regular check up examinations. They will also decide whether the coverage will be provided …
Desmosine as a biomarker of elastin degradation in COPD: current status and future directions
Authors: M. Luisetti, S. Ma, P. Iadarola, P. J. Stone, S. Viglio, B. Casado, Y. Y. Lin, G. L. Snider, G. M. Turino
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Desmosine (DES) and isodesmosine (IDES) are two unusual, tetrafunctional, pyridinium ring-containing amino acids involved in elastin cross-linking. Being amino acids unique to mature, cross-linked elastin, they are useful for discriminating peptides derived from elastin breakdown from precursor elastin peptides. According to these features, DES and IDES have been extensively discussed as potentially attractive indicators of elevated lung elastic fibre turnover and markers of the effectiveness of agents with the potential to reduce elastin breakdown. In the present manuscript, immunology-based and separation methods for the evaluation of DES and IDES are discussed, along with studies reporting increased levels of urine excretion in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with and without alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency. The results of the application of DES and IDES as surrogate end-points in early clinical trials in COPD are also reported. Finally, recent advances in detection techniques, including liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and high-performance capillary electrophoresis with laser-induced fluorescence, are discussed. These techniques allow detection of DES and IDES at very low concentration in body fluids other than urine, such as plasma or sputum, and will help the understanding of whether DES and IDES are potentially useful in monitoring therapeutic intervention in COPD.
Uptake and tissue content of fatty acids in dog myocardium under normoxic and ischemic conditions.
Authors: G J van der Vusse, T H Roemen, F W Prinzen, W A Coumans, R S Reneman
Journal: Circulation Research (1982)

The effect of ischemia on the myocardial content of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), triacylglycerol, cholesteryl esters, and phospholipids assayed with gas-liquid chromatography was studied in an open-chest dog preparation. Ischemia was induced by partial occlusion of the left interventricular coronary artery during 120 minutes (n = 20). Tissue content of the lipid classes was assessed in biopsies taken from ischemic and normoxic areas of the left ventricular free wall. Local venous blood from the concomitant vein of the left interventricular coronary artery was collected to determine myocardial extraction of lipids. In eight other dogs, no ischemia was induced (control group). Under normoxic conditions, NEFA appeared to be present in trace amounts: about 25 nmol/g wet weight of tissue, representing less than 0.1% of total myocardial fatty acids. During ischemia, NEFA increased in the affected area. This accumulation was most pronounced in the least perfused layer: the subendocardium (up to 172 nmol/g). Blood flow, estimated with radioactively labeled microspheres fell from 0.55 to 0.06 ml/min per g in this particular layer. The uptake of NEFA by the ischemic myocardium was decreased, indicating that enhanced lipolysis of endogenous lipids or reduced combustion may be held responsible for the accumulation of NEFA in ischemic tissue. Since arachidonic and linoleic acids showed the highest relative increase, lipolysis of endogenous phospholipids, rich in these fatty acids, seems to be reasonable. Ischemia had no significant effect on the content of triacylglycerol and cholesteryl esters. Phospholipids tended to decrease in the affected subendocardial layers.
Possible Life on Mars And Martian Lives on Earth
Authors: Richard P. Huemer
Journal: JAMA (1967)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Your editorial on polluting the universe (<b>197</b>:1096. 1966) expresses appropriate concern over the possibility that terrestrial organisms may interfere with experiments to detect life on other planets, particularly Mars. However, it is unlikely that terrestrial organisms could survive (except in a dormant state) and multiply to overwhelm indigenous life on Mars, where anaerobic conditions, intense solar radiations, extreme dryness, and subzero temperatures prevail. On the other hand, Martian life, if it exists, must be sufficiently hardy to withstand the driest and coldest conditions on our own planet. There is no guarantee that such life would not find moderate climates even more hospitable. When planning expeditions into space, perhaps we should consider that our own planet could be invaded—not by little green men or bug-eyed monsters, but by biochemically complex, primitive forms of life possessing a superior ability to survive under some conditions existing on the Earth.