tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ROLE OF MENINGOCOCCAL ENDOTOXIN IN MENINGOCOCCAL PURPURA
Authors: Charles E. Davis, Karen Arnold
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

Enteric bacilli and meningococci (MGC) both contain potent endotoxins, but purpuric skin lesions indistinguishable from the experimental dermal Shwartzman reaction are much more common during meningococcal bacteremia than during bacteremia with enteric organisms. Highly purified lipopolysaccharides (LPS), virtually free of contamination by protein, RNA, and capsule, were extracted by a modification of the phenol-water technique from MGC (serogroups A, B, and C) and enteric bacilli (Escherichia coli 04 and 0:111, and Salmonella typhimurium). Polysaccharides in these LPS were similar by gas chromatography except for one galactose-deficient strain of MGC (135B). LPS from MGC and enterics were equally potent for the general Shwartzman reaction and mouse lethality, but LPS from MGC was 5-10 times more potent in inducing the dermal Shwartzman reaction. The greater skin potency of LPS from MGC explains the prominence of purpura in meningococcemia. Comparison of the properties of LPS may explain other differences in clinical syndromes caused by gram-negative bacteria.
THE RELATION OF THE THYROID GLAND TO THE SURFACE TENSION OF THE BLOOD PLASMA
Authors: C. M. Wilhelmj, Moyer S. Fleisher
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1926)

1. Determinations of the surface tension of blood plasma from guinea pigs, before and after feeding thyroxin, showed in most cases a definite decrease. Out of twenty-seven experimental animals, twenty showed a depression in the surface tension which ranged from 1.9 to 13.9 dynes, with an average of 5 dynes. Six animals showed variations hardly exceeding the limits of experimental error, while one showed an elevation of 1.1 dynes. 2. Six normal control animals, bled on the same days and kept under identical conditions, showed differences in the two determinations which ranged from a decrease of 0.5 to an increase of 0.6 of a dyne. One other control showed a drop of 1 dyne. 3. Two animals which had been fed large quantities of thyroid extract over a period of 10 days, gave values considerably below normal. One of these animals survived, and after 11 days during which no thyroid extract was given, the surface tension was found again to be within normal limits. 4. The hypothesis is advanced that these changes are due to an increase in the amount of certain normally occurring surface-active constituents, which are produced as a result of increased cellular metabolism.
Text Messaging
Authors: William G. Adams
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Age, Sex, and Hypertension-Related Remodeling Influences Left Ventricular Torsion Assessed by Tagged Cardiac Magnetic Resonance in Asymptomatic Individuals
Authors: Kihei Yoneyama, Ola Gjesdal, Eui-Young Choi, Colin O. Wu, W. Gregory Hundley, Antoinette S. Gomes, Chia-Ying Liu, Robyn L. McClelland, David A. Bluemke, Joao A.C. Lima
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The aim of the present study was to evaluate how torsion is influenced by left ventricular (LV) remodeling associated with age, sex, and hypertension in a large community-based population.Myocardial shortening and torsion were assessed by tagged cardiac magnetic resonance in 1478 participants without clinically apparent cardiovascular disease in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Torsion was defined as the difference between apical and basal rotation divided by slice distance. In multivariable linear regression models, older age was associated with lower stroke volume (-3.6 mL per decade; P<0.001) and higher LV mass-to-volume ratio (0.03 g/mL per decade; P<0.001), along with lower circumferential shortening (-0.17% per decade; P<0.05). Torsion, however, was greater at older ages (0.14° per decade; P<0.001) and in women (0.37°/cm versus men; P<0.001). Hypertensive participants had higher LV mass and LV mass-to-volume ratio (15.5 g and 0.07 g/mL, respectively; P<0.001 for both). Circumferential shortening was lower in hypertensive (-0.42%; P<0.01), whereas torsion was higher after adjustment for age and sex (0.17°/cm; P<0.05).Older age is associated with lower LV volumes and greater relative wall thickness and is accompanied by lower circumferential myocardial shortening, whereas torsion is greater with older age. Hypertensive individuals have greater LV volumes and relative wall thickness and lower circumferential shortening. Torsion, however, is greater in hypertension independently of age and sex. Torsion may therefore represent a compensatory mechanism to maintain an adequate stroke volume and cardiac output in the face of the progressively reduced LV volumes and myocardial shortening associated with hypertension and aging.
Messages in the dust
Authors: L. Low
Journal: BMJ (1995)

You know that inadequate feeling you get when, wandering through an art gallery, you cannot decide whether the everyday object is an exhibit or, well, an everyday object? This hit me with particular force at Care and Control when I was confronted with plaster casts of a month's supply of the tinned drink Nutriment, placed in three neat rows in a drugs trolley.

It was reinforced by the fact that Rear Window, the art charity which specialises in site specific installations in disused buildings, has chosen to mount this exhibition in the emptied out ward of Block A, Hackney Hospital, east London, to mark its closure and imminent demolition after 270 years of service. Hackney Hospital is an untidy mix of …
PROGNOSTIC IMPACT OF EARLY GADOLINIUM ENHANCEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE NON ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHIES
Authors: Francesca Sanguineti, Melina Mana, Philippe Garot, Thomas Hovasse, Yves Louvard, Thierry Unterseeh, Marie-Claude Morice, Jérome Garot
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Drosophila GPCR Han Is a Receptor for the Circadian Clock Neuropeptide PDF
Authors: Seogang Hyun, Youngseok Lee, Sung-Tae Hong, Sunhoe Bang, Donggi Paik, Jongkyun Kang, Jinwhan Shin, Jaejung Lee, Keunhye Jeon, Seungyoon Hwang, Eunkyung Bae, Jaeseob Kim
Journal: Neuron (2005)
Neuroscience and Metaphysics (Redux)
Authors: Chris Buford, Fritz Allhoff
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2007)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Notes 1We see the authors as concerned with the necessary and sufficient conditions of being a person at a specific time. This question is prior to the traditional question of personal identity that asks for the necessary and sufficient of identity across time between persons. If there are no persons, then there are no necessary and sufficient conditions for personal identity across time.
Early and late quantitative angiographic outcomes in the optimal atherectomy restenosis study (OARS)
Authors: Jeffrey J. Popma, Donald S. Baim, Richard E. Kuntz, Gary S. Mintz, Charles Simonton, Tomaki Hinohara, J.Hope Pacera, Cindy Senerchia, Anand Desai, Martin B. Leon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Photodynamic therapy using topical methyl 5-aminolevulinate compared with cryotherapy for actinic keratosis: A prospective, randomized study
Authors: R.M. Szeimiesa, S. Karrera, S. Radakovic-Fijanb, A. Tanewb, P.G. Calzavara-Pintonc, C. Zanec, A. Sidoroffd, M. Hempele, J. Ulrichf, T. Proebstleg, H. Mefferth, M. Mulderi, D. Salomonj, H.C. Dittmark, J.W. Bauerl, K. Kernlandm, L. Braathenm
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2002)
Splenic lymphoma with circulating villous lymphocytes simulating plasma cell leukemia
Authors: Cordelia E. Sever, John R. Krause, Sandra S. Kaplan
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1993)

To the Ediror: Our case is different from that of Muroi et al. in that there are two distinct populations of proliferating cells.the myeloblasts and the mast cells [I].In their case it remains speculative to consider the "mast cells" to be derived from the same clone as the leukemic population.However, it should be noted that the abnormal eosinophils in M4Eo may appear hypolobulated, may contain basophilic granules, and are CAE positive 121, thus mimicking mast cells.We have reviewed our cases of M4Eo (three cases) but have failed to detect increased mast cells either in the peripheral blood or in the bone marrow, and we doubt the validity of the conclusion reached by Muroi et al. that "circulating mast cells may be detected by a careful observation in the case of M4Eo with hyperleukocytosis."
Review: In diabetes, ACE-Is, but not ARBs, reduce mortality and major CV events compared with placebo or active treatment
Authors: Rozalina McCoy, Steven Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Cheng J, Zhang W, Zhang X, et al. Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on all-cause mortality, cardiovascular deaths, and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174:773-85. 24687000
Quantitative 3-Dimensional Echocardiography for Accurate and Rapid Cardiac Phenotype Characterization in Mice
Authors: Dana Dawson, Craig A. Lygate, James Saunders, Jürgen E. Schneider, Xujiong Ye, Karen Hulbert, J. Alison Noble, Stefan Neubauer
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Insufficient techniques exist for rapid and reliable phenotype characterization of genetically manipulated mouse models of cardiac dysfunction. We developed a new, robust, 3-dimensional echocardiography (3D-echo) technique and hypothesized that this 3D-echo technique is as accurate as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology for assessment of left ventricular (LV) volume, ejection fraction, mass, and infarct size in normal and chronically infarcted mice. Methods and Results— Using a high-frequency, 7/15-MHz, linear-array ultrasound transducer, we acquired ECG and respiratory-gated, 500-μm consecutive short-axis slices of the murine heart within 4 minutes. The short-axis movies were reassembled off-line in a 3D matrix by using the measured platform locations to position each slice in 3D. Epicardial and endocardial heart contours were manually traced, and a B-spline surface was fitted to the delineated image curves to reconstruct the heart volumes. Excellent correlations were obtained between 3D-echo and MRI for LV end-systolic volumes ( r =0.99, P &lt;0.0001), LV end-diastolic volumes ( r =0.99, P &lt;0.0001), ejection fraction ( r =0.99, P &lt;0.0001), LV mass ( r =0.94, P &lt;0.0019), and infarct size ( r =0.98, P &lt;0.0001). Also, excellent correlations were found between the 3D-echo–derived LV mass and necropsy LV mass in normal mice ( r =0.99, P &lt;0.0001), as well as for 3D-echo–derived infarct size and histologically determined infarct size ( r =0.99, P &lt;0.0001) in mice with chronic heart failure. Bland-Altman analysis showed excellent limits of agreement between techniques for all measured parameters. Conclusion— This new, fast, and highly reproducible 3D-echo technique should be of widespread applicability for high-throughput murine cardiac phenotyping studies.
Circassian Cavalry Awaiting Their Commanding Officer at the Door of a Byzantine Monument; Memory of the Orient
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
MALOCCLUSION AND ITS FARREACHING EFFECTS
Authors: SAMUEL ADAMS COHEN
Journal: JAMA (1922)

When we consider from the standpoint of beauty and comfort the great blessing of a healthy oral cavity, we cannot but wonder why the medical profession has only at this late date come to stress its importance. It is in this area more than anywhere else in the human body that prevention—the ideal of the physician—can be exercised. It has already been pointed out<sup>1</sup>that caries, the most frequent disorder of the oral cavity, can be at least greatly minimized by both prenatal and postnatal influences; prenatally not only by giving particular attention to the diet of the mother for the formation of teeth of her unborn child, but also by preventing any disturbance in the mother's metabolism that might interefere with the assimilation of food. Postnatally, the physician should advise for the child a diet which provides for continuation of adequate tooth formation, and which also aids in
Exploring associations between residential location and breast cancer incidence in a case-control study.
Authors: Christopher Paulu, Ann Aschengrau, David Ozonoff
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

Locating geographic hot spots of cancer may lead to new causal hypotheses and ultimately to new knowledge of cancer-causing factors. The Cape Cod region of Massachusetts has experienced elevated incidence of breast cancer compared with statewide averages. The origins of the excess remain largely unexplained, even after the Upper Cape Cod Cancer Incidence Study investigated numerous potential environmental exposures. Using case-control data from this study (258 cases and 686 controls), we developed an exploratory approach for measuring associations between residential location and breast cancer incidence, adjusting for individual-level risk factors. We measured crude and adjusted odds ratios over the study region using fixed-scale grids and a smoothing algorithm of overlapping circular units. Polycircular hot spot regions, derived from the peak values of the smoothed odds ratios, delineated geographic areas wherein residence was associated with 60% [odds ratio (OR), 1.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.8-3.2] to 210% (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.3-7.2) increased incidence relative to the remainder of the study population. The findings suggest several directions for further research, including the identification of potential environmental exposures that may be assessed in forthcoming case-control studies.
Primary care in the United States
Authors: T. Groves, J. Roberts
Journal: BMJ (1996)

This divergence is only rarely examined, though often discussed.While general practitioners tell colleagues their atrocity stories (my favourite is the one of a general practitioner, summoned for a night call because the baby had swallowed a condom, who was later phoned and told he needn't bother as they had found another one), patients tell their friends their stories of failures to diagnose.But the diver- gence is normally latent rather than manifest.As Philip Strong describes in his elegant essay on the etiquette of the consultation, "As every ... doctor was overtly competent, so every ... mother was nominally treated as loving, honest, reliable and intelligent: not, of course, capable of passing judgement on medicine, but certainly fulfilling her maternal duty to the child."9Parents' views of being "a good mother" can conflict with professional views." 0However, in dealing with the content of health behaviour ("inappropriate" consultations) rather than the context of the visit (24 hours a day, seven days a week health surveillance by the mother) there is the risk that a child or a patient may be seen as a "work object," however compas- sionately dealt with.A recognition of parents' key role in the health care of their children would go beyond Illingworth's textbook advice that doctors do well to attend to parents' views.'2Parents are the principal health carers of their children and are in a unique position to take an overall view of their health.This week's qualitative papers on general practice indi- cate the value of low technology interventions such as listening.
Downregulation of the Na <sup>+</sup> -Creatine Cotransporter in Failing Human Myocardium and in Experimental Heart Failure
Authors: Stefan Neubauer, Helga Remkes, Matthias Spindler, Michael Horn, Frank Wiesmann, Jürgen Prestle, Bernd Walzel, Georg Ertl, Gerd Hasenfuss, Theo Wallimann
Journal: Circulation (1999)

Background —The failing myocardium is characterized by depletion of phosphocreatine and of total creatine content. We hypothesized that this is due to loss of creatine transporter protein. Methods and Results —Creatine transporter protein was quantified in nonfailing and failing human myocardium (explanted hearts with dilated cardiomyopathy [DCM; n=8] and healthy donor hearts [n=8]) as well as in experimental heart failure (residual intact left ventricular tissue, rats 2 months after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation [MI; n=8] or sham operation [sham; n=6]) by Western blotting. Total creatine content was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Donor and DCM hearts had total creatine contents of 136.4±6.1 and 68.7±4.6 nmol/mg protein, respectively (* P &lt;0.05); creatine transporter protein was 25.4±2.2 optical density units in donor and 17.7±2.5 in DCM (* P &lt;0.05). Total creatine was 87.5±4.2 nmol/mg protein in sham and 65.7±4.2 in MI rats (* P &lt;0.05); creatine transporter protein was 139.0±8.7 optical density units in sham and 82.1±4.0 in MI (* P &lt;0.05). Conclusions —Both in human and in experimental heart failure, creatine transporter protein content is reduced. This mechanism may contribute to the depletion of creatine compounds and thus to the reduced energy reserve in failing myocardium. This finding may have therapeutic implications, suggesting a search for treatment strategies targeted toward creatine transport.
Precursors to Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Itzhak Jacoby
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As acting director of the Office of Medical Applications of Research, National Institutes of Health (NIH), which was responsible for coordinating the October 1983 Consensus Development Conference on Precursors to Malignant Melanoma,<sup>1</sup>I am compelled to respond to the Lynch and Fusaro<sup>2</sup>article relating to the outcome of that conference. We at the NIH find it unfortunate that these two authors have chosen to make a "rebuttal" in this particular fashion, since it is misleading as to the intent of the conference and shows a lack of comprehension in at least two important areas. The area of the authors' concern—familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (FAMMM)—is not synonymous with the conference topic. The consensus panel did not address the question of FAMMM specifically; rather, it dealt solely with the role of dysplastic nevi as precursors to melanoma. Whether FAMMM can occur without dysplastic nevi is,
THE DIAGNOSIS OF SOLITARY LIVER ABSCESS BY MEANS OF THOROTRAST HEPATOSPLENOGRAPHY
Authors: WALLACE M. YATER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1937)

Case Reports1 August 1937THE DIAGNOSIS OF SOLITARY LIVER ABSCESS BY MEANS OF THOROTRAST HEPATOSPLENOGRAPHYReport of a Case*WALLACE M. YATER, M.D., F.A.C.P., JOHN R. CAVANAGH, M.D.WALLACE M. YATER, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN R. CAVANAGH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-11-2-404 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past five and one-half years we have employed Thorotrast for the purpose of demonstrating lesions of the liver and spleen in several hundred patients. This method of roentgenographic diagnosis was developed mainly by Oka1and Radt2about 1929. It consists in the intravenous injection of 50 to 75 c.c. (for adults) of a stabilized colloidal solution of thorium dioxide manufactured under the name of Thorotrast,†following which roentgenograms of the abdomen are made. The thorium dioxide is rapidly engulfed by the reticuloendothelial cells of the body, and because it is radiopaque it is possible to demonstrate the size,...Bibliography1. OKA M: Eine neue Methode zur roentgenologischen Darstellung der Milz (Lienography), Fortschr. a. d. Geb. d. Röntgenstr., 1929, xl, 497. Google Scholar2. RADT P: Eine Methode zur roentgenologischen Kontrastdarstellung von Milz und Leber, Klin. Wchnschr., 1929, viii, 2128. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. YATEROTELLHUSSEY WMLSHH: Hepatosplenography with stabilized thorium dioxide sol. A follow-up study of 200 patients examined over a period of 5 years, Radiology, 1936, xxvii, 391. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. REEVESAPPLE RJED: The use of thorium dioxide in the diagnosis of liver abscess, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1933, c, 1682-1683. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication February 15, 1937.From the Georgetown University School of Medicine.†Manufactured by the Heyden Chemical Company. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByRight Ventricular Function in Ebstein’s MalformationIntraventricular Conduction Disturbances in Congenital Heart Disease and Following Cardiac SurgeryAngeborene Herz- und GefäßfehlerDas Ebstein-SyndromAngeborene Herz- und GefäßmißbildungenEbsteinsche AnomalieDie kongenitalen Mißbildungen am venösen Anteil des Herzens 1 August 1937Volume 11, Issue 2Page: 404-409KeywordsAbscessesCellsIntravenous injectionsLesionsLiverSpleen Issue Published: 1 August 1937 PDF DownloadLoading ...
FIRST PHARMACOGENOMIC ANALYSIS USING WHOLE EXOME SEQUENCING TO IDENTIFY NOVEL GENETIC DETERMINANTS OF CLOPIDOGREL RESPONSE VARIABILITY: RESULTS OF THE GENOTYPE INFORMATION AND FUNCTIONAL TESTING (GIFT) EXOME STUDY
Authors: Matthew J. Price, Andrew R. Carson, Sarah S. Murray, Tierney Phillips, Lee Janel, Rebecca Tisch, Eric Topol, Samuel Levy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)