tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2097: Distinct levels of circulating tumor cell counts for the papillary thyroid cancer patients with distant metastases and in disease-free status
Authors: Hung-Chih Lin, Ju-Chien Cheng, Ching-Ping Tseng, Jen-Der Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Distant metastasis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is a multistep and complex process that frequently complicates the disease with poor prognosis. The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood has been reported in several cancer types to be highly related to the development of distant metastasis. Nevertheless, the CTCs status during the progression of PTC is rarely investigated. This study aimed to define and compare the CTCs counts among the healthy control individuals (Group I, n = 14), the PTC patients in disease-free status (Group II, n = 9), and the patients with distant metastasis (Group III, n = 8). The patients in group III had metastases to the lung and mediastinum (n = 4), bones (n = 3), and lung and kidney (n = 1), respectively. CTCs were enriched from the peripheral blood by the negative selection method PowerMag that has been validated in our previous study. CTCs enumeration was performed by immunofluorescence staining using the anti-epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) and anti-thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) antibodies. The EpCAM+ and TSHR+ CTCs counts were 2.97 ± 2.03 and 9.97 ± 9.22 cells/mL for group I, 10.43 ± 9.03 and 19.17 ± 9.77 cells/mL for group II, and 100.06 ± 73.34 and 141.60 ± 82.08 cells/mL for group III individuals, respectively (p &amp;lt; 0.01). These data indicate that (1) some of the TSHR+-CTCs are not EpCAM+ and this type of cell population can be overlooked if CTCs were enriched by the method based on positive selection of EpCAM+ cells; (2) the PTC patients in disease-free status has higher CTCs counts than the healthy control individuals and, hence, continuous CTCs enumeration is recommended for the patient in the stage of disease-free; (3) the PTC patients with distant metastases have higher CTCs counts when compares to the healthy control subjects and the patients with disease-free status. In conclusion, CTCs enumeration is thereby warranted in the course of diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer. Citation Format: Hung-Chih Lin, Ju-Chien Cheng, Ching-Ping Tseng, Jen-Der Lin. Distinct levels of circulating tumor cell counts for the papillary thyroid cancer patients with distant metastases and in disease-free status. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2097. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2097
Computational Analysis of Cysteine Proteases (Clan CA, Family C1) of Leishmania major to Find Potential Epitopic Regions
Authors: Babak Saffari, Hassan Mohabatkar
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2009)

Abstract Leishmania is associated with a broad spectrum of diseases, ranging from simple cutaneous to invasive visceral leishmaniasis. Here, the sequences of ten cysteine proteases of types A, B and C of Leishmania major were obtained from GeneDB database. Prediction of MHC class I epitopes of these cysteine proteases was performed by NetCTL program version 1.2. In addition, by using BcePred server, different structural properties of the proteins were predicted to find out their potential B cell epitopes. According to this computational analysis, nine regions were predicted as B cell epitopes. The results provide useful information for designing peptide-based vaccines.
Patterns of hepatitis B surface antigen decline and HBV DNA suppression in Asian treatment-experienced chronic hepatitis B patients after three years of tenofovir treatment
Authors: Wai-Kay Seto, Kevin Liu, Danny Ka-Ho Wong, James Fung, Fung-Yu Huang, Ivan Fan-Ngai Hung, Ching-Lung Lai, Man-Fung Yuen
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Headache is often over-investigated and overtreated, US study shows
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Opioids, barbiturates, and advanced imaging have been persistently overused to manage headache, says a US study of primary care and hospital outpatient consultations for headache from 1999 to 2010, while counselling of patients on lifestyle factors decreased.

Researchers studied 9362 consultations for headache over that time period from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey,1 which collect nationally representative data on patient visits to non-federal office based practices and hospital outpatient departments. The …
SOME RADICAL CHANGES IN THE AFTER-TREATMENT OF CELIOTOMY CASES.
Authors: EMIL RIES
Journal: JAMA (1899)

The purpose of the changes which I have worked out within the last four years has been to free the patients from many irksome and disagreeable features of the after-treatment as usually carried out, and at the same time to make their recovery more rapid and more complete, so that they are able to leave the hospital at a much earlier date than has been customary and in such a condition of strength that they can follow their wonted occupations within a few days after their discharge from the hospital. The first impulse for these changes has been given by the observation of patients on whom vaginal celiotomy had been performed. I found, just as other surgeons did who used this method, that after intra-abdominal work done by the vaginal route with subsequent complete closure of the peritoneum and vagina by sutures, the patients could
Timothy John Pocock
Authors: D. Pocock
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Tim Pocock died peacefully at home on Sunday 1 May after battling oesophageal cancer.

Born in Bristol on 2 July 1946, he was the second of three children of John Arthur Pocock, a distinguished general surgeon at Bristol Royal Infirmary, and his wife, Cicely Barbara.

He attended Clifton College Preparatory School, Bristol, from 1953 to 1959 and Clifton College Senior School from 1959 to 1964, where he started in East House as a day boy then moved into Watsons as a boarder. He was known for his rugby and cricketing skills and his sense of humour, intelligence, and wit.

He decided to follow in his father’s and grandfather’s footsteps and pursue a medical career, studying at Bristol University, from where he qualified in 1971 with MB ChB …
Abstract 4202: Hair follicles disruption leads to enhanced UVB-induced cutaneous inflammation and basal cell carcinoma development
Authors: Jianmin Xu, Mohammad Athar, Levy Kopelovich
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Hairless mice carrying homozygous mutations in hr gene manifest disrupted hair follicles (HFs) and develop more squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) than their haired littermates, suggesting that HFs act as tumor suppressor for cutaneous SCCs. However, the role of HFs in the pathogenesis of BCCs remains elusive. Here, we show that HF disruption alters susceptibility to both BCCs and SCCs. For this, we bred ptch+/-/C57BL6 mice with SKH-1 hairless mice followed by brother-sister crossing to get F2 homozygous mutant or wild-type mice. These animals were UVB-irradiated for 44 weeks. UVB-induced inflammation was less pronounced in shaved haired than in hairless mice. In hairless mice, inflammatory infiltrate was histologically associated around the epidermal cyst and rudimentary HFs suggesting that HF disruption enhances UVB-induced inflammation. Tumor onset in hairless mice begins 10 weeks earlier than in shaved haired littermates. 100% of hairless developed &amp;gt;15 tumors/mouse after 32 weeks while haired mice developed &amp;lt;3 tumors/mouse following 44 weeks irradiation. The tumor spectrum in hairless and haired animals was also different. Spindle cell carcinomas only appeared in haired mice. Hairless animals developed more squamous papillomas and SCCs. The incidence of BCCs was significantly higher in hairless animals (p&amp;lt;0.001). UVB-induced skin tumors in hairless mice were more aggressive than those in haired shaved littermates. Molecular typing of these tumors showed decreased E-cadherin expression and enhanced mesenchymal proteins, snail, slug, fibronectin and vimetin. These data suggest that the disruption of HF enhances susceptibility to epidermal carcinogenesis by augmenting inflammation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4202. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4202
SERIAL TRANSPLANTATION OF RABBIT PAPILLOMAS CAUSED BY THE SHOPE VIRUS
Authors: Stanfield Rogers
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1952)

Two cutaneous papillomas produced with the Shope virus in adult domestic rabbits were transferred to their leg muscles and thence to those of several successive groups of rabbits of various ages. The growths failed to establish themselves in some newborn animals, but in many formed huge masses, immobilizing the legs with result in early death. Not infrequently they did well for months after their hosts had matured, yet nevertheless they failed regularly on further transfer in adults. They were eventually lost because left long prior to passage on the supposition that they might gain the ability to succeed in mature hosts. The papillomas when growing actively sometimes penetrated the reactive tissue encapsulating them and replaced the adjacent muscle. They often entered lymph and blood vessels but never metastasized, nor did they undergo carcinomatous change though their total period of proliferation was as considerable as that elapsing in many instances before cancer appeared in papillomas produced by the same virus material and left on the skin.
Transient down-regulation of L-type Ca2+ channel and dystrophin expression after balloon injury in rat aortic cells
Authors: Jean-François Quignard, Marie-Cécile Harricane, Claudine Ménard, Philippe Lory, Joël Nargeot, Loïc Capron, Dominique Mornet, Sylvain Richard
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objective: Migration and proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells are critical responses during restenosis after balloon angioplasty. We investigated the changes in the expression of Ca2+ channels and dystrophin, two determinants of contraction, after balloon injury of rat aortas. Methods: Proliferation and migration of aortic myocytes were triggered in vivo by the passage of an inflated balloon catheter in the aortas of 12-week-old male Wistar rats. We used the whole-cell patch clamp technique to investigate Ba2+ currents (IBa) through Ca2+ channels in single cells freshly isolated from media and neointima at various times after injury (days 2, 7, 15, 30 and 45). Results: No T-type Ca2+ channel current was recorded in any cell at any time. In contrast, a dihydropyridine (DHP)-sensitive L-type IBawas recorded consistently in the media of intact aorta. After aortic injury, IBa decreased dramatically (at days 2 and 7) but recovered over time to reach normal amplitude on days 30 and 45. In the neointima, IBa was absent on day 15 but also increased gradually over time as observed at days 30 and 45. The use of a specific antibody directed against the L-type Ca2+ channel α1C subunit showed, both by immunostaining and by Western blotting, no expression of the Ca2+ channel protein on day 15. Parallel immunodetection of dystrophin showed that this marker of the contractile phenotype of SMCs was also not detectable at this stage in neointimal cells. Both proteins were re-expressed at days 45 and 63. Balloon injury induces a transient down-regulation of IBa in arterial cells. Conclusions: Cell dedifferentiation and proliferation in vivo abolish the expression of L-type Ca2+ channels and dystrophin in neointimal cells. These changes may be critical in the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis and, thereby, contraction of the arterial SMCs during restenosis following angioplasty.
Building people’s faces from stem cells may be possible in two decades
Authors: Caroline White
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The government has agreed in principle that the General Medical Council, the medical profession's regulator, will take over responsibility for postgraduate medical training in the United Kingdom.The move to assimilate the Postgraduate Medical and Training Board within the GMC-which will not go ahead before 2010-has been welcomed by Graeme Catto, the council's president.Sir Graeme said, "The merger will bring under one roof the regulation of all stages of medical education and will deliver real benefits for patients and the public, as well as for the medical profession."He added that the board, which was set up in autumn 2005, had made an important contribution to postgraduate medical education in the UK and promised to maintain the momentum it had generated.However, in a statement the Royal College of Surgeons of England expressed its disappointment at the slow timetable for implementing the change."We are pleased with the acceptance that PMETB [the Postgraduate Medical Education and Training Board] will become part of the GMC.However, it is disappointing that no opportunity can apparently be found to carry out this badly needed reform until 2010," it said.Altogether the government agreed (or agreed in principle) to 24 of 47 recommendations made by John Tooke in the report of his inquiry into the reform of Modernising Medical Careers (MMC), which was published in January (BMJ 2008;336:61, 12 Jan).Other proposals were put on hold for "further consideration" or were dismissed as the responsibility of other organisations.Proposals that were agreed in principle are to be evaluated as part of the next stage review, being carried out by health minister Lord Darzi and due to be published in June.Alan Johnson, the health secretary, said that his department needed more time to consider one of the late additions to the list of recommendations, the proposal to set up a new independent body, provisionally called NHS Medical Education England, GMC will take responsibility for postgraduate medical training, as advised by Tooke report UK NEWS Deaths from cancer fall after 20 years of screening in England, p 527 WorlD NEWS European Commission looks into possible restrictive practices by drug companies, p 524 bmj.com london GPs express fear over Darzi's proposals for the capital
Penetration of antibiotics into the respiratory tract.
Authors: J Symonds
Journal: BMJ (1987)

probably because its reintroduction becomes ever more unlikely.Nevertheless, the ethical issues raised by the Amnesty report concern doctors throughout the world and not merely those in the United States.Doctors have an important part to play in abolishing what is cruel, inhuman, and degrading punishment.Firstly, they must articulate and implement ethical codes that unambiguously prohibit doctors participating in executions, and, secondly, they must widen the discussion to include the-broader ethical issues of the death penalty.
Cytokine and Transcription Factors Expression in Patients with Delayed Allergic Reactions to Drugs
Authors: J.A. Cornejo-Garcia, T.D. Fernandez, C. Mayorga, M.J. Torres, M. Carballo, I. Hernan, C. Rondon, J.L. Rodriguez-Bada, E. Martin, M. Blanca
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Von Willebrand factor and assessment of endothelial function
Authors: J Malik
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2002)

We thank Prof. Lip et al. for their comments, which glyceridaemia of 6.264.8 mmol / l at baseline.After the focused on the reproducibility of methods used for the initial examination, the participants were randomised into assessment of endothelial function.It has been shown in two groups.Group I (N58) received 200 mg of micronised our paper that flow mediated dilatation (FMD) has con-fenofibrate once daily for 10 weeks followed by 10 mg of siderably worse reproducibility than peak blood flow atorvastatin once daily for the next 10 weeks.Group II (PBF).This observation is in contradiction to the wide-(N59) received the same drugs but in the opposite way.spread opinion that FMD is generally a reproducible Plasma vWf levels were tested for carry-over and period technique, suitable even for an individual risk assessment effects and both were found as non-significant.vWf [1].Poor reproducibility of FMD observed in our study decreased from 123619% at baseline to 108618% after was not due to high intra-and interobserver variability-atorvastatin and 104624% after fenofibrate after fenofibonly one observer saw the video-records and the intra-rate.Both effects were statistically significant in cross-over observer bias expressed as the coefficient of variation of T-statistics (P-value below 0.01), but no significant differthe diameter calculation was low (0.87%).Thus we ence between drugs was observed (P50.58).concluded that FMD has high spontaneous intra-individualThe fact that the changes of vWf reached statistical variability.This fact should be taken into account if similar significance with P-values below 0.01 with only 17 studies are designed in future.This conclusion is further subjects may indirectly show that the reproducibility of supported by the fact that normal values of FMD in this surrogate of endothelial function was higher.healthy subjects differ largely among published trials However, we did not tested the reproducibility of vWf (5.2% in our study, Celermajer et al. [2] reported 10.0% measurements.The reports in the literature did not uniand Kosch et al. [3] even 18.2%), while the values of PBF formly demonstrated the link between FMD and vWf.For are relatively comparable [2,3].example, Asberg et al. [4] observed a significant improve-Our trial was not primarily designed for the assessment ment of vasomotor endothelial function after atorvastatin of endothelial function by measurement of plasma levels of in renal transplant recipients, but vWf levels remained cytoadhesive molecules.However, we performed a post unchanged.hoc analysis of frozen plasma samples to detect levels of We have not found any significant correlation between von Willebrand factor (vWf) by ELISA ultrasound surrogates and vWf: r520.18,P50.5 (N516)
Genetic aberrations detected by comparative genomic hybridization in hepatocellular carcinomas: Their relationship to clinicopathological features
Authors: Noriyoshi Kusano, Kei Shiraishi, Keiko Kubo, Atsunori Oga, Kiwamu Okita, Kohsuke Sasaki
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

To elucidate cytogenetic alterations underlying human hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), we used a comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) method to analyze 41 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) including 15 well differentiated HCCs, 14 moderately differentiated HCCs, and 12 poorly differentiated HCCs. Of these, 27 patients were chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and the remaining patients were positive for hepatitis B virus (HBV). The most common sites of increase in DNA copy number were 1q (78% of the cases) and 8q (66%) with minimal overlapping regions at 1q24-25 and 8q24, respectively. Frequent decreases in copy number were observed at 17p (51%), 16q (46%), 13q13-14 (37%), 4q13-22 (32%), 8p (29%), and 10q (17%). In 6 cases (15%), an amplification was found in the region of 11q13. A gain of 8q24 was significantly associated with well-differentiated HCCs (P<.05), whereas a loss of 13q13-14 and amplification of 11q13 were linked to moderately and poorly differentiated HCCs (P<.01). These observations suggest that a gain of 8q24 is an early event and that a loss of 13q13-14 and amplification of 11q13 are a late event in the course of liver carcinogenesis. A gain of 10q (7/41) was detected exclusively in cases with HCV infection. In contrast, an amplification of 11q13 was preferentially found in HBV-positive HCCs. These findings raise the hypothesis that, although many genetic alterations are basically common to both HCV-positive and HBV-positive tumors, the process of carcinogenesis may be to some extent different between these two types of tumors.
UK guidelines urge improved recognition of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Considerable efforts should be made to improve the detection and management of people with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or body dysmorphic disorder, say UK guidelines published by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) this week. The guidelines warn that the current average time between first onset of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and the provision of treatment is 17 years.

The guidelines recommend that all health professionals, including GPs, should routinely consider and explore the possibility of OCD for people at higher risk of the condition. OCD is characterised by the presence of obsessions (unwanted intrusive thoughts, images, or urges) or compulsions (unwanted, unnecessary behaviours).

People at risk include those with symptoms of depression, anxiety, alcohol …
IMPACT OF RESIDUAL MYOCARDIAL JEOPARDY ON LONG-TERM OUTCOME FOLLOWING CORONARY REVASCULARIZATION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Leonard Schwartz, Marnie Barolet, Frederick Feit, Charles J. Davidson, Mehrdad S. Toosi, Edward Y. Sako, Spencer B. King
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Regulatory T cells are strong promoters of acute ischemic stroke in mice by inducing dysfunction of the cerebral microvasculature
Authors: Christoph Kleinschnitz, Peter Kraft, Angela Dreykluft, Ina Hagedorn, Kerstin Göbel, Michael K. Schuhmann, Friederike Langhauser, Xavier Helluy, Tobias Schwarz, Stefan Bittner, Christian T. Mayer, Marc Brede, Csanad Varallyay, Mirko Pham, Martin Bendszus, Peter Jakob, Tim Magnus, Sven G. Meuth, Yoichiro Iwakura, Alma Zernecke, Tim Sparwasser, Bernhard Nieswandt, Guido Stoll, Heinz Wiendl
Journal: Blood (2012)
103 CD1D-RESTRICTED NATURAL KILLER T CELLS CONTRIBUTE TO THIOACETAMIDE-INDUCED HEPATIC INFLAMMATION AND FIBROGENESIS IN MICE
Authors: S. Ishikawa, K. Ikejima, H. Yamagata, T. Aoyama, K. Kon, K. Arai, K. Takeda, S. Watanabe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Fatal Hemophilus influenzae Sepsis in an Asymptomatic Splenectomized Hodgkin's Disease Patient
Authors: DANIEL W. NIXON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Overwhelming, rapidly fatal Hemophilus influenzae sepsis occurred in a young splenectomized Hodgkin's disease patient who was off therapy and free of disease. Absence of the spleen is believed to have contributed to this fulminant illness. The benefits of splenectomy for Hodgkin's disease staging in younger people should be balanced against the risk of later infection.
Corrigendum to “Hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels as 3D matrices for in vitro evaluation of chemotherapeutic drugs using poorly adherent prostate cancer cells” [Biomaterials. 30 (2009) 6076–6085]
Authors: Lisa A. Gurski, Amit K. Jha, Chu Zhang, Xinqiao Jia, Mary C. Farach-Carson
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Glucose Oxidation and High Energy Phosphate Production in Heart Homogenates
Authors: Niels Haugaard, Giuseppe Inesi, Ella S. Haugaard
Journal: Circulation Research (1962)

Experimental conditions have been established for the study of glucose oxidation and high energy phosphate formation in cell-free rat heart homogenates. On addition of AMP to an otherwise complete system, an immediate formation of ADP and ATP occurs. Glucose oxidation is rapid, and high levels of ADP and ATP are maintained for long periods of time. In the absence of added AMP, rapid glucose oxidation also occurs despite low levels of ATP. It can be concluded that the high concentration of ATP, which the heart tissue is capable of accumulating, is far in excess of that necessary for efficient glucose oxidation.