tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Association of Mild to Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease With Venous Thromboembolism
Authors: Bakhtawar K. Mahmoodi, Ron T. Gansevoort, Inger Anne Næss, Pamela L. Lutsey, Sigrid K. Brækkan, Nic J.G.M. Veeger, Ellen E. Brodin, Karina Meijer, Yingying Sang, Kunihiro Matsushita, Stein I. Hallan, Jens Hammerstrøm, Suzanne C. Cannegieter, Brad C. Astor, Josef Coresh, Aaron R. Folsom, John-Bjarne Hansen, Mary Cushman
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background— Recent findings suggest that chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Given the high prevalence of mild-to-moderate CKD in the general population, in depth analysis of this association is warranted. Methods and Results— We pooled individual participant data from 5 community-based cohorts from Europe (second Nord-Trøndelag Health Study [HUNT2], Prevention of Renal and Vascular End-stage Disease [PREVEND], and the Tromsø study) and the United States (Atherosclerosis Risks in Communities [ARIC] and Cardiovascular Health Study [CHS]) to assess the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), albuminuria, and CKD with objectively verified VTE. To estimate adjusted hazard ratios for VTE, categorical and continuous spline models were fit by using Cox regression with shared-frailty or random-effect meta-analysis. A total of 1178 VTE events occurred over 599 453 person-years follow-up. Relative to eGFR 100 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 , hazard ratios for VTE were 1.29 (95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.59) for eGFR 75, 1.31 (1.00–1.71) for eGFR 60, 1.82 (1.27–2.60) for eGFR 45, and 1.95 (1.26–3.01) for eGFR 30 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 . In comparison with an albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) of 5.0 mg/g, the hazard ratios for VTE were 1.34 (1.04–1.72) for ACR 30 mg/g, 1.60 (1.08–2.36) for ACR 300 mg/g, and 1.92 (1.19–3.09) for ACR 1000 mg/g. There was no interaction between clinical categories of eGFR and ACR ( P =0.20). The adjusted hazard ratio for CKD, defined as eGFR &lt;60 mL/min per 1.73 m 2 or albuminuria ≥30 mg/g, (versus no CKD) was 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.15–2.06). Associations were consistent in subgroups according to age, sex, and comorbidities, and for unprovoked versus provoked VTE, as well. Conclusions— Both eGFR and ACR are independently associated with increased risk of VTE in the general population, even across the normal eGFR and ACR ranges.
The Dying Patient
Authors: Philip W. Smith
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Ad Libitum3 August 1999The Dying PatientPhilip W. Smith, MDPhilip W. Smith, MDNebraska Medical Center; Omaha, NE 68198-5400(Smith)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-131-3-199908030-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail FamilyHe squeezedmy hand!The nursecalled itreflex grasp, butwe hope youare in there.You could nothave realized,when you signedthe living will,what it would be likeon the edge of nevertouching.If you leave us,father,I fearwe are next to go.PhysicianTwisted hulkonce-proud man,reduced toprotoplasm,caught in amesh of tubes.The familyfears loss; I feareveryman'sdeath,failure,litigation.So I takethe easiestpath, inthe faceof all signs.PatientLike aninjuredanimal, Iwould crawlinto a hole.But youpull me out,to no purpose.Do you love me,weak ones?I welcomedarkness.Do you care formy soul, doctor?Let me floatinto the nightof painlessforgetting.... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Nebraska Medical Center; Omaha, NE 68198-5400(Smith)Corresponding Author: Philip W. Smith, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, 985400 Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5400. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 3 August 1999Volume 131, Issue 3Page: 224KeywordsCytoplasmFearHand strengthLiving willsNursesReflexes Issue Published: 3 August 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
FURTHER OBSERVATIONS ON PATHOLOGIC SIMILARITIES BETWEEN EXPERIMENTAL SCURVY COMBINED WITH INFECTION, AND RHEUMATIC FEVER
Authors: James F. Rinehart, Charles L. Connor, Stacy R. Mettier
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1934)

In the guinea pig, chronic scurvy with superimposed infection (beta streptococcus) and to a lesser extent chronic scurvy alone, produces an arthropathy with striking pathologic similarities to that of rheumatic fever and the closely allied condition of rheumatoid arthritis. Considerable significance is attached to the widespread occurrence in the experimental animal subjected to scurvy and infection, and to a lesser extent in scurvy alone, of lesions similar to if not identical with the fibrinoid degeneration which has been considered the fundamental lesion of rheumatic fever. A subcutaneous nodule essentially similar to the subcutaneous nodules of rheumatic fever was observed in one experimental animal. Attention is called to a group of general pathologic changes frequently observed in rheumatic fever which were also found in the experimental animals subjected to scurvy and infection. These include degenerative changes in skeletal muscle, focal necrosis in the liver, fibrosis of the Malpighian bodies in the spleen, erythrophagocytosis in the lymph nodes, and focal lymphocytic accumulations in the kidneys. The problem of hemorrhage is considered. It is suggested that a scorbutic state may be the basis of the hemorrhagic manifestations common to the acute phases of rheumatic fever. The unsatisfactory nature of previous experimental attempts to reproduce the pathology of rheumatic fever is noted. The lesions produced by subjecting the guinea pig to the combined influence of scurvy and infection are considered to be fundamentally similar in character and distribution to those of rheumatic fever. The pathologic observations recorded in this and a previous publication (2) are believed to offer evidence that the disease known as rheumatic fever may be the result of the combined influence of scurvy and infection. It is suggested that a subclinical degree of scurvy may constitute the rheumatic tendency in which the added factor of infection causes the development of rheumatic fever or possibly the closely allied condition of rheumatoid arthritis. Epidemiological and clinical considerations appear to afford supportive evidence to this concept.
A Comparison of the Mortality from Bronchitis in Scotland and in England and Wales
Authors: E. C. Crofton
Journal: BMJ (1965)

An appreciable reduction of spontaneous bleeding episodes was recorded during the administration of E. A.C.A.No rise in antihaemophilic globulin (factor VIII) was demonstrated in any of the patients during E.A.C.A. therapy, nor were any significant changes observed in plasminogen and fibrinogen levels, or plasma al, a., /3, or y globulins.No abnormalities of marrow or liver function were detected during E.A.C.A. administration.It is considered that the results warrant further large-scale study of E.A.C.A. at the clinical level in haemophilia, and the view is expressed that the drug or another fibrinolytic inhibitor -for example, the more potent aminoacid, aminomethyl cyclohexane carboxylic acid-may be of prophylactic value in the clinical management of high-grade haemophilia.E.A.C.A. and placebo syrups were kindly provided by Dr. Hans Dahlstrom, of Kabi Pharmaceuticals.We are grateful to Dr.
Increased F-18 FDG Skeletal Muscle Uptake Secondary to Altered Weight Bearing and the Use of Crutches
Authors: Kelvin K. Yap, Tim H. C. Saunder, Aurora Poon
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

A 35-year-old man with amputation of the left great toe for melanoma 3 weeks earlier underwent whole-body F-18 FDG-PET imaging for the assessment of left groin nodes and small lung nodules identified on CT. The F-18 FDG-PET scan demonstrated intense physiological uptake in the rectus abdominis and right calf muscles and bilateral shoulder girdles, resulting from altered weight bearing and recent use of crutches.
ON BRANCHIAL CYSTS OF THE NECK.
Authors: N. SENN
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Read in the Section on Surgery and Anatomy of the American Medical Association, May, 1884. The differential diagnosis and operative treatment of tumors of the neck, are subjects which belong to the most imperfect and unsatisfactory topics in surgery. The great difficulties which are often encountered in the diagnosis of cervical tumors, and the importance of the anatomical structures which are involved in all operative procedures for their removal, val, are well known and appreciated by all who can speak from personal experience. One of the most important, and, at the same time, one of the darkest chapters treating of tumors in this region, relates to cystic tumors, and more particularly that variety which originates from congenital defects of development, the matrix being composed of fœtal epiblastic or hypoblastic tissue, which remains in its embryonal state for an indefinite time, and later, by proliferation of its epithelial elements, gives rise
Blockade of the Flush Associated with Metastatic Gastric Carcinoid by Combined Histamine H<sub>1</sub>and H<sub>2</sub>Receptor Antagonists
Authors: L. Jackson Roberts, Samuel R. Marney, John A. Oates
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

THE circulating mediator (or mediators) responsible for flushing seen in patients with carcinoid syndrome has remained unidentified. The patient described in this study, a 54-year-old woman with a metastatic gastric carcinoid tumor, has experienced approximately four attacks of flushing a day for the past 22 years, each lasting for approximately 30 minutes to three hours.1 , 2 In 1962 this patient was studied by Oates and Sjoerdsma and found to have markedly elevated levels of urinary free histamine. Administration of L-histidine monohydrochloride markedly increased the frequency, severity and duration of flushes.1 , 2 Despite this evidence that histamine might participate in the flushing attacks, . . .
Obama vows to persevere with healthcare changes
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

President Barack Obama vowed on Tuesday 3 December to complete the implementation of his Affordable Care Act, despite the troubled launch of the federal health insurance marketplace’s website, Healthcare.gov, and the fierce opposition from foes of the law.

“If I’ve got to fight another three years to make sure this law works, then that’s what I’ll do,” Obama said in a White House speech.

The past two months have been widely viewed as a disaster for the administration’s efforts to implement the 2010 health law.

Firstly, glitches, crashes, and other technical difficulties with the website frustrated thousands of consumers who had come to the site to shop for health insurance and find out whether they qualified for free …
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
Authors: Joe Leigh Simpson, Sandra Ann Carson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Detecting fetal disorders in utero has long been a goal of obstetrics. In 1956 sex-chromatin analysis was performed on amniotic-fluid cells to determine fetal sex in pregnancies at risk for X-linked recessive traits. In 1968 the first prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21 was made by analysis of cultured amniotic-fluid cells. The accuracy and safety of amniocentesis performed at or after 15 weeks' gestation were soon established. A collaborative study conducted by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development from 1972 through 1975 showed no increase in fetal losses among pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis as compared with those . . .
Medical training in the UK: sleepwalking to disaster
Authors: Morris Brown, Nick Boon, Nick Brooks, John Camm, Paul Corris, Mark Caulfield, Edwin Chilvers, Pamela Ewan, John Gibson, George Griffin, Ashley Grossman, Alistair Hall, George Hart, Tony Heagerty, Humphrey Hodgson, Philip Home, Richard Hughes, Kay-Tee Khaw, John Lazarus, David Leaper, John Monson, Stephen O'Rahilly, Brian Rowlands, Neil Scolding, Robert Sutton, Roy Taylor, Hugh Watkins, Nick Wright
Journal: The Lancet (2007)
RAIN-BEARING WINDS AND EARLY PHTHISIS IN DERBYSHIRE
Authors: W. Gordon, W. M. Ash
Journal: BMJ (1928)

IfRC t 19g-IMDCLJ. 80uncoimion as only to be seen once are not likely to be seen again.Thirdly, Don't be in a hurry.Wait till you have all the facts, remembering that a laboratory report (for example) may at the last miioment upset all your calcula- tions.Reserve your decision, therefore, ia a difficult case; take it, as the Scotch lawyers say, " to avizandum."If you oome to a premature conclusion it is difficult to alter it afterwards, not only Lcecause it involves awkward ex- planations to the patient, but because, by the mere fact of having made a diagnosis, you become insensibly biased and more impervious to the reception of fresh evidence.It is for this reason that all " snap-slhot " diagnosis is to be condemned.It is impressive but perilous." Life," as Dr. Johnson said, " is not to be sacrificed to an affectation of quick discernment, or of criowded practice, but may be required, if trifled away, at the hand of the plhysician."
Cigarette Smoking by Massachusetts Physicians - 1968
Authors: Richard R. Monson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

THE cigarette-smoking patterns of physicians have been of interest for several reasons during the past 20 years. Physicians may be assumed to be relatively reliable historians, so that they constitute a good population for studies of the relation of smoking to disease. Also, since most physicians have contact with diseases associated with cigarette smoking, changes in their smoking habits serve as indicators of the extent to which they consider these associations to be of causal importance. One of the first groups of physicians to be questioned about its smoking habits was the Massachusetts Medical Society. This group was first questioned . . .
DILATATION OF CEREBRAL BLOOD VESSELS AS A FACTOR IN HEADACHE
Authors: C. D. LEAKE
Journal: JAMA (1927)

Although headache is one of the most common ailments of humanity, surprisingly little experimental work has been reported in the effort to elucidate the factors involved in its appearance. As a preliminary approach to the problem, the following considerations may be of interest.  First, in regard to the anatomic position of the nervous elements responsible for the sensation of pain in the cranial cavity, it may be said that they apparently lie along the blood vessels, and not in the brain substance or in the meninges. In operating on the brain under local anesthesia, with the dura mater exposed but not itself anesthetized, surgeons 1 have observed that the patient feels little pain when the meningeal coverings or the brain tissue are manipulated, unless a blood vessel is cut or traumatized. It has been noted experimentally in this laboratory, 2 in anesthetized dogs, that faradic stimulation will cause reflex augmentation
Mast cells and basophils: effector cells of inflammatory disorders in the lung.
Authors: H H Newball, L Lichtenstein
Journal: Thorax (1981)

Manual horizontal cluster division may constitute an efficient tool to optimize wine quality. To test this hypothesis and to determine the optimal timing of this viticultural practice, examinations investigating the impact of cluster division on (i) the cluster morphology, (ii) the bunch rot disease severity, as well as (iii) the harvest parameters such as yield and total soluble solids were conducted on the white <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. cultivars Pinot gris and Riesling in the Luxembourgish winegrowing region in the years 2010 and 2011. Treatments were applied at five different time points between pre-bloom (BBCH 57) and veraison (BBCH 81). In both varieties, all post-bloom cluster division treatments were able to loosen the cluster structure and to reduce the bunch rot disease severity. The later cluster division took place, the more pronounced were the effects on cluster structure. The density index turned out to be a suitable parameter to describe the cluster structure and the predisposition to bunch rot infestation. Cluster division resulted in yield reductions (up to 30%), which increased with time after flowering. Post-bloom cluster division enabled optimizing wine quality by (i) improving grape maturity due to crop load reduction, (ii) reducing fungal contamination and (iii) improving grape quality through the possibility to elongate the ripening period. Consequently, post-bloom horizontal cluster division can be recommended as an efficient crop cultural tool for premium wine production under cool climate conditions.
Cholestatic Liver Injury Increases Circulating TNF- α and IL-6 and Mortality after<i>Escherichia coli</i>Endotoxemia
Authors: ANDREW J. LECHNER, ALVARO VELASQUEZ, KARL R. KNUDSEN, CHERYL A. JOHANNS, THOMAS F. TRACY, GEORGE M. MATUSCHAK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

We employed a bile duct ligation (BDL) model of cholestatic liver injury to test the hypothesis that this form of preexisting hepatic dysfunction alters the kinetics of circulating TNF- α and IL-6 after Escherichia coli endotoxemia, thereby augmenting mortality and lung injury by a TNF- α :leukotriene (LT) axis of inflammation. Male rats were catheterized 13 d after BDL or sham surgery and studied while awake 18 to 24 h later. Cholestasis after BDL was confirmed by baseline serum bilirubin (BDL = 7.34 ± 0.72 mg/dl, mean ± SEM, n = 17 versus Sham = 0.25 ± 0.07, n = 20; p < 0.005) and histopathology. Sham and BDL animals received E. coli lipopolysaccharide serotype O55:B5 (LPS, 5 mg/kg i.v.) or 0.9% NaCl (NS) ending at t = 0 and were monitored over 24 h for vital signs and hemodynamics. In parallel studies, lipoxygenase inhibition was performed using diethylcarbamazine or the 5-lipoxygenase activating-protein inhibitor MK-886. Blood was collected at baseline and at t = 1.5, 3.5, and 24 h for formed elements and for serum endotoxin, TNF- α , IL-6, bilirubin, and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Organs were evaluated at 24 h for histopathology, including neutrophil (PMN) densities and wet/dry weight (W/D) ratios. Cholestasis reduced survival after otherwise nonlethal endotoxemia, with seven of 11 BDL + LPS rats dying within 24 h versus no deaths in BDL + NS (n = 6), Sham + LPS (n = 14), or Sham + NS (n = 6) animals (p < 0.01). Despite equivalent serum endotoxin between groups, circulating TNF- α was 8-fold higher in BDL + LPS than in Sham + LPS rats at 1.5 and 3.5 h (p < 0.001), whereas serum TNF- α did not differ between BDL + NS and Sham + NS rats. IL-6 likewise was increased differentially by 1.5 h in BDL + LPS animals (11.98 ± 2.42 ng/ml) versus Sham + LPS rats (3.05 ± 0.58 ng/ml, p < 0.05). Hypothermia, bradycardic hypotension, and leukopenia were most severe and prolonged in BDL + LPS rats, which also had significantly higher ALT values, W/D ratios, and organ PMN counts. LT inhibition failed to reduce BDL-related differences in serum cytokines or survival after endotoxemia. Thus, cholestasis augments inflammatory responses to gram-negative endotoxemia, sensitizing the host to enhanced fluid flux in multiple organs and to mortality by a LT-independent mechanism.
Physiological changes and sleep responses during and following a world record continuous walking record.
Authors: B. Davies, C. M. Shapiro, A. Daggett, J. A. Gatt, P. Jakeman
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1984)

Physiological changes, and subsequent sleep responses, were recorded in a male subject during and following 338 miles of continuous walking and consequent sleep deprivation. One hundred and thirty hours of walking and a seventy-two hours post-walk recovery period were monitored. The subject walked at approximately 55% of maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max), heart rate ranged between 102-106 b/min, and blood lactate (LA) remained below the 2 mmol/l level. No electrocardiograph abnormalities were observed either during the walk or pre- and post-functional diagnostic graded exercise test (FDGXT). Creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) levels rose throughout the walk but exhibited differing depletion patterns. The ratio of CK-MB to CK (MB/CK%) did not exceed levels which are suggestive of myocardial ischaemia. Haematological variables demonstrated signs of anaemia towards the end of the walk. Catecholamine levels rose throughout the walk, with greater rises being observed in nor-adrenaline and dopamine. During the post-walk recovery phase, adrenaline concentration remained elevated. Following this extreme period of exertion, the subject demonstrated very short sleep latency and rapid entry into slow wave sleep (SWS). These sleep patterns were compared to sleep recordings made over a similar period (72 h) six months post-walk, when the subject was not exercising. Nocturnal growth hormone (GH) levels were significantly raised on the post-walk nights.
Effect of simvastatin on proliferative nephritis and cell-cycle protein expression
Authors: Ashio Yoshimura, Takashi Nemoto, Youichi Sugenoya, Kiyoko Inui, Susumu Watanabe, Yoshihiko Inoue, Sakineh Sharif, Naoko Yokota, Susumu Uda, Hiroyuki Morita, Terukuni Ideura
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Relation of myocardial fibrosis to circulating aldosterone and endothelin in primary and secondary human hypertension: an ultrasonic study by acoustic densitometry
Authors: Michaela Kozakova, Simona Buralli, Carlo Palombo, Angelica Moretti, Giampaolo Bernini, Isabella Sudano, Stefano Taddei, Antonio Salvetti
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Adoptive transfer of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) naı̈ve autologous CD4+ cells to macaques chronically infected with SIV is sufficient to induce long-term nonprogressor status
Authors: Francois Villinger, Gary T. Brice, Ann E. Mayne, Pavel Bostik, Kazuyasu Mori, Carl H. June, Aftab A. Ansari
Journal: Blood (2002)
Arthritis and HLA-B27 in Papua New Guinea.
Authors: J E Richens, M L Prasad, K Bhatia, M Tung
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Comparaison de 64 malades atteints d'une arthropathie asymetrique des MI, frequente chez les hommes jeunes de Nouvelle Guinee, appelee «tropicale», et de 128 temoins normaux. 70% des malades et 13% seulement des temoins sont positifs pour HLA-B27 (souvent associe aussi au syndrome de Reiter)