tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 232: Out-of-Hospital Airway Management and Cardiac Arrest Outcomes: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Sang Do Shin, Ki Ok Ahn, Kyoung Jun Song, Chang Bae Park, Eui Jung Lee
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether EMT-intermediate ETI or LMA comparing with bag-valve mask ventilation is associated with improved OHCA outcomes in Korea. Methods: We used a Korean national OHCA cohort database composed of hospital and ambulance data. We included all EMS-treated OHCA with presumed cardiac etiology for the period Jan. 2006 to Dec. 2008. We excluded cases not receiving continued resuscitation in the emergency department (ED), as well as those without available hospital outcome data. The primary exposure was airway management technique during ambulance transport (endotracheal tube (ETI), laryngeal mask airway (LMA) or bag-valve-mask (BVM)). The primary outcomes were survival to admission and hospital discharge. We compared outcomes between each airway management group using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for sex, age, witnessed, prehospital defibrillation, bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), call to ambulance arrival time to the scene, call to ambulance arrival time to ED, initial ECG, metropolitan, and level of ED. We repeated the analysis using propensity-score matched subsets. Results: Of 54,496 patients with OHCA, we included 5,278 (9.7%). Overall survival to admission and to discharge was 20.2% and 6.9%, respectively. ETI and LMA was performed in 250 (4.7%) and 391 (7.4%), respectively. In the full multivariable models using total patients, adjusted survival to admission and discharge were similar for ETI and BVM; OR 0.91 (0.66-1.27) and 1.00 (0.60-1.66), respectively. Adjusted survival to admission and discharge were significantly lower in LMA than BVM: OR 0.72 (0.54-0.95) and 0.52 (0.32-0.85), respectively. In the full multivariable models using propensity matched samples, adjusted survival to admission and discharge were similar for ETI and BVM; OR 1.32 (0.81-2.16) and 1.44 (0.66-3.15), respectively. Adjusted survival to admission was similar for LMA and BVM: OR 0.72 (0.50-1.02). However, survival to discharge was significantly lower for LMA than BVM: OR 0.45(0.25- 0.82). Conclusions: In Korea, EMT-I placed LMA during ambulance transport was associated with worsened OHCA survival to discharge than BVM. Outcomes were similar between EMT-I ETI and BVM ventilation.
Relapse and impairment in bipolar disorder
Authors: M J Gitlin, J Swendsen, T L Heller, C Hammen
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of bipolar disorder in the context of maintenance pharmacotherapy.Eighty-two bipolar outpatients were followed prospectively for a mean of 4.3 years (minimum of 2 years); symptom rating and psychosocial outcome scales were used, and pharmacotherapy was rated on a 5-point scale.Despite continual maintenance treatment, survival analysis indicated a 5-year risk of relapse into mania or depression of 73%. Of those who relapsed, two-thirds had multiple relapses. Relapse could not be attributed to inadequate medication. Even for those who did not relapse, considerable affective morbidity was observed. A measure of cumulative affective morbidity appeared to be a more sensitive correlate of psychosocial functioning than was the number of relapses. Poor psychosocial outcome paralleled poor syndromal course. Poor psychosocial functioning, especially occupational disruption, predicted a shorter time to relapse. Depressions were most strongly related to social and family dysfunction.Even aggressive pharmacological maintenance treatment does not prevent relatively poor outcome in a significant number of bipolar patients.
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Deferasirox (Exjade®) In Transfused Patients with Sickle Cell Disease Treated for up to 5 Years
Authors: Elliott Vichinsky, Francoise Bernaudin, Gian Luca Forni, Renee Gardner, Kathryn Hassell, Matthew M. Heeney, Baba Inusa, Abdullah Kutlar, Peter A. Lane, Liesl Mathias, John B. Porter, Cameron K Tebbi, Felicia L. Wilson, Louis Griffel, Wei Deng, Vanessa Giannone, Thomas D. Coates
Journal: Blood (2010)
ETV6-AML1 Translocation Breakpoints Cluster Near a Purine/Pyrimidine Repeat Region in the ETV6 Gene
Authors: Srinivas P. Thandla, Jonathan E. Ploski, Samina Z. Raza-Egilmez, Pradheepkumar P. Chhalliyil, AnneMarie W. Block, Pieter J. de Jong, Peter D. Aplan
Journal: Blood (1999)
Abstract 8807: Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Reduces Mortality and Hospitalization in Patients with Minimal Heart Failure: Specific Evidence on Asymptomatic (NYHA I) Patients
Authors: Henri Roukoz, Arthur J Moss, Inder Anand, Selcuk Adabag
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Recent clinical trials suggest that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves left ventricular function and clinical outcomes in patients with mild (New York Heart Association (NYHA) I-II) heart failure (HF). However, no individual trial had sufficient number of asymptomatic (NYHA I) patients to assess the CRT effect in this group. We tested the hypothesis that CRT benefits asymptomatic HF patients. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing CRT vs. implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in patients with NYHA class I-II HF. Results: We identified 5 trials (acronyms: RAFT (n=1438), MADIT-CRT (n=1820), REVERSE (n=610), MIRACLE-ICD II (n=186), CONTAK-CD (n=263) including 4,317 patients with NYHA class I-II HF. Average age of patients was 65 years, and 80% were male. Mean weighted follow-up was 2.4 years (range 6 to 40 months). CRT patients had a significantly greater improvement in ejection fraction (+5.9% vs. +2.2%, p&lt;0.001). CRT was associated with significantly lower mortality and HF hospitalization among NYHA class II patients (RR=0.73; 95% CI (0.64-0.83), p&lt;0.001) (Table). In asymptomatic (NYHA I) patients, HF hospitalization risk was lower (RR=0.57; 95% CI (0.34-0.97), p=0.04) with CRT, however, there was no difference in mortality (Table). Twelve asymptomatic (NYHA I) HF patients needed to be treated to prevent 1 hospitalization. Conclusion: CRT decreases all-cause mortality, reduces HF hospitalizations, and improves left ventricular ejection fraction in asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic HF patients. These are the first data on CRT effects specifically in asymptomatic (NYHA I) HF patients.
Surveillance policy for stage I ovarian germ cell tumors.
Authors: G G Dark, M Bower, E S Newlands, F Paradinas, G J Rustin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

Surveillance for stage I male germ cell tumors (GCT) is well established as a standard practice; however, such a policy has not been evaluated for women with equivalent tumors. This study was designed to evaluate the management of grade II or higher stage Ia tumors by close surveillance to minimize treatment, while reserving chemotherapy for patients with residual or recurrent disease.Between 1973 and 1995, 24 patients with malignant stage Ia ovarian GCT were enrolled onto a surveillance program. The group consisted of nine patients with dysgerminoma, nine with pure immature teratoma, and six with endodermal sinus tumor (with or without immature teratoma). Treatment consisted of surgical resection without adjuvant chemotherapy, followed by a surveillance program of clinical, serologic, and radiologic review, and included a second-look procedure for patients enrolled after 1982.All but one patient are alive and in remission after a median follow-up of 6.8 years. The 5-year overall survival is 95%, and the 5-year disease-free survival is 68%. Eight patients have required chemotherapy for recurrent disease or second primary ovarian GCT. This includes three patients with grade II immature teratoma and three patients with dysgerminoma, and a further two women with dysgerminoma who developed contralateral (presumed second primary) dysgerminoma 4.5 and 5.2 years after their first tumor. All but one, who died of a pulmonary embolus, have been successfully salvaged with chemotherapy.Our experience emphasizes that patients with true stage Ia ovarian GCT are adequately managed by surgical resection followed by careful clinical, radiologic, and serologic surveillance. These patients do not require adjuvant chemotherapy or radiotherapy, thus avoiding the potential complications of secondary leukemia and infertility.
Extracellular vesicles are key intercellular mediators in the development of immune dysfunction to allergens in the airways
Authors: T.‐S. Shin, J. H. Kim, Y.‐S. Kim, S. G. Jeon, Z. Zhu, Y. S. Gho, Y.‐K. Kim
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Shin T‐S, Kim JH, Kim Y‐S, Jeon SG, Zhu Z, Gho YS, Kim Y‐K. Extracellular vesicles are key intercellular mediators in the development of immune dysfunction to allergens in the airways. Allergy 2010; 65 : 1256–1265. Abstract Background: Previous evidence indicates that inhalation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐containing with allergens induced mixed Th1 and Th17 cell responses in the airways. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanometer‐sized spherical, lipid‐bilayered structures and are recently in the public eye as an intercellular communicator in immune responses. Objective: To evaluate the role of EVs secreted by LPS inhalation in the development of airway immune dysfunction in response to allergens. Methods: Extracellular vesicles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of BALB/c mice were isolated and characterized 24 h after applications to the airway of 10 μg of LPS for 3 days. To evaluate the role of LPS‐induced EVs on the development of airway immune dysfunction, in vivo and in vitro experiments were performed using the isolated LPS‐induced EVs. Results: The inhalation of LPS enhanced EVs release into the BAL fluid, when compared to the application of PBS. Airway sensitization with allergens and LPS‐induced EVs resulted in a mixed Th1 and Th17 cell responses, although that with allergens and PBS‐induced EVs induced immune tolerance. In addition, LPS‐induced EVs enhanced the production of Th1‐ and Th17‐polarizing cytokines (IL‐12p70 and IL‐6, respectively) by lung dendritic cells. Moreover, the immune responses induced by the LPS‐induced EVs were blocked by denaturation of the EV‐bearing proteins. Conclusion: These data suggest that EVs (especially, the protein components) secreted by LPS inhalation are a key intercellular communicator in the development of airway immune dysfunction to inhaled LPS‐containing allergens.
Identifying Novel Gene Variants in Coronary Artery Disease and Shared Genes With Several Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Authors: Marissa LeBlanc, Verena Zuber, Bettina Kulle Andreassen, Aree Witoelar, Lingyao Zeng, Francesco Bettella, Yunpeng Wang, Linda K. McEvoy, Wesley K. Thompson, Andrew J. Schork, Sjur Reppe, Elizabeth Barrett-Connor, Symen Ligthart, Abbas Dehghan, Kaare M. Gautvik, Christopher P. Nelson, Heribert Schunkert, Nilesh J. Samani, Paul M Ridker, Daniel I. Chasman, Pål Aukrust, Srdjan Djurovic, Arnoldo Frigessi, Rahul S. Desikan, Anders M. Dale, Ole A. Andreassen
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a critical determinant of morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have identified several cardiovascular disease risk factors, which may partly arise from a shared genetic basis with CAD, and thus be useful for discovery of CAD genes.We aimed to improve discovery of CAD genes and inform the pathogenic relationship between CAD and several cardiovascular disease risk factors using a shared polygenic signal-informed statistical framework.Using genome-wide association studies summary statistics and shared polygenic pleiotropy-informed conditional and conjunctional false discovery rate methodology, we systematically investigated genetic overlap between CAD and 8 traits related to cardiovascular disease risk factors: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, type 2 diabetes mellitus, C-reactive protein, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. We found significant enrichment of single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with CAD as a function of their association with low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, type 2 diabetes mellitus, C-reactive protein, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and type 1 diabetes mellitus. Applying the conditional false discovery rate method to the enriched phenotypes, we identified 67 novel loci associated with CAD (overall conditional false discovery rate <0.01). Furthermore, we identified 53 loci with significant effects in both CAD and at least 1 of low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, type 2 diabetes mellitus, C-reactive protein, systolic blood pressure, and type 1 diabetes mellitus.The observed polygenic overlap between CAD and cardiometabolic risk factors indicates a pathogenic relation that warrants further investigation. The new gene loci identified implicate novel genetic mechanisms related to CAD.
Abstract 17230: Plasma BNP and Serum Sodium Correlate With Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Light Chain (AL) Cardiac Amyloidosis
Authors: John S Kim, Gheorghe Doros, Lawreen H Connors, David C Seldin, Flora Sam
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Cardiac involvement and heart failure (HF) in AL amyloidosis portends an extremely poor prognosis with a survival of <6 months if untreated. N-terminal pro-BNP may predict cardiac invol...
Arousal, numbing, and intrusion: symptom structure of PTSD following assault
Authors: E B Foa, D S Riggs, B S Gershuny
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

This study investigated hypotheses concerning the importance of symptoms of numbing in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).Symptoms of PTSD were assessed in 72 female rape victims and 86 female victims of nonsexual assault approximately 3 months after the crimes occurred. A principal-components factor analysis of subjects' symptoms was then undertaken.The analysis yielded three factors: arousal/avoidance, numbing, and intrusion. These were somewhat different from the symptom clusters in DSM-III-R, since effortful avoidance and numbing symptoms did not load on the same factor. Numbing symptoms appeared to be particularly important in identifying individuals with PTSD.The results imply that there are two patterns of posttrauma symptoms, one characterizing PTSD and the second characterizing a phobic reaction.
Avemar inhibits the growth of mouse and human xenograft mammary carcinomas comparable to endocrine treatments
Authors: M. Tejeda, D. Gaál, I. Szűcs, A. Telekes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

21132 Background: An in vitro study demonstrated that Avemar increased the effect of Tamoxifen on MCF7 (ER+) mammary carcinoma cells. Methods: MXT (ER+) mouse mammary tumor tissue was transplanted s.c. into BDF 1 mice. The tumor bearing animals were treated p.o. with Avemar. Then the most effective Avemar dose (3.0 g/kg), Tamoxifen (0.5 mg/kg s.c.), Examestane (10 mg/kg i.p.) and Anastrasol (5 mg/kg i.p.) monotherapies and their combinations with Avemar was compared. All treatments were given once daily, for 10 days, starting 7 days after the tumor transplantation. The same experimental schedule was repeated using T47/D (ER+) human breast carcinoma cell lines transplanted into C.B-17/Icr-scid/scid mouse. Finally, the growth of T47/D and MDA-MB-231 (ER-) xenografts treated by Avemar was compared. Tumor volume was measured up to 25 days after transplantation in MXT and 55 days in xenograft. Results: In MXT model all monotherapies and combinations led to retardation of tumor growth. Combination of Avemar with any of the endocrine treatment enhanced the efficacy compared to endocrine monotherapy. Out of the four monotherapies the best result was achieved by Avemar (50% inhibition). The combination of Avemar with Examestane increased the tumor growth inhibition to 60.4% compared to control. The other treatments did not exceed the effect of Avemar monotherapy. In xenograft model Avemar produced 50% tumor growth inhibition compared to control and was more effective than the other treatments Examestane (26%), Anastrasol (25%) or Tamoxifen (42%). Combined treatment with Avemar always improved efficacy within the range of 3–10%. Avemar showed similar efficacy when T47/D (49%) and MDA-MB-231 (52%) xenografts were compared. Conclusions: The tumor growth inhibitory effect of Avemar on ER positive MXT mouse breast carcinoma as well as in T47/D xenograft models are comparable (equal or better) to standard endocrine treatments. Avemar certainly did not reduce the effect of endocrine treatments. The antitumor activity of Avemar did not depend on the estrogen receptor status. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The evaluation of epidemiological data and etiological reasons of bronchiectasis patients
Authors: Sermin Borekci, Deniz Demir, Cigdem Zuhur, Benan Musellim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim:  We aimed to research the etiological factors of bronchiectasis patients.   Methods:  Between 1996-2013 years, data of all patients who admitted to bronchiectasis clinic of Cerrahpasa medical school pulmonology department, and diagnosed with high resolution computed tomography or multislice computed tomography were evaluated retrospectively. Statical analysis was performed by using SPSS 15.0 programs.   Results:  128 (55.2%) of 232 cases were female, 104 (44.8%) were male .mean age was 49±17. 59.5%were nonsmoker, 23.3% were exsmokers, 10.8% were active smokers. Mean duration of illness were 16±14 years. The etihological factors of bronchiectasis were in order to; tuberculosis (24.1%), pneumonia (20.7%), measles (10.8%), asthma (4.7%), other lower respiratory tract infections(3.9%), pertussis (2.6%),COPD (2.6%), rheumatoid arthritis (2.2%), immunoglobulin deficiency (1.7%), cystic fibrosis(1.3%), alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (1.3%), Cartagener Syndrome (0.9%), CLL (0.4%), Fibrous tumor (0.4%), McLoad Syndrome (0.4%), Sjogren9s syndrome (0.4%), ankylosing spondylitis (0.4%), etiological factors were not detected in 32,4% cases. Most commonly presenting symptoms were cough (75%), sputum (75%), dyspnea (65.5%), hemoptysis (35.8%) and chest pain (18.1%).   Conclusion:  In Turkey, the most common etiologic factors in patients with bronchiectasis was tuberculosis.
Reducing the risk of recurrent coronary heart disease
Authors: F. Bradley, M. E Cupples
Journal: BMJ (1999)

General practice p 1522 

We know that coronary heart disease is the commonest cause of avoidable mortality in Britain and Ireland, that Britain's position in the league table of developed nations is poor, and that we should do better in trying to prevent it.1 How to achieve this goal remains an unresolved issue.

In the early 1990s the NHS introduced routine health checks for the over 75s and health promotion clinics for primary prevention in general practice. However, the evidence base for this approach was disappointing. 2 3 More recently priority has been given to reducing risk in patients with established coronary heart disease: as the absolute risk for this group is greater, so is the potential for effective intervention. Much evidence exists that a variety of behavioural changes and drug treatments can reduce morbidity and mortality for those with existing coronary heart disease.4 Stopping smoking; eating a “Mediterranean diet”; participating in exercise; and taking appropriate drug treatment with aspirin, β blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, and …
Phase II trial of sagopilone (ZK-EPO), a novel epothilone, in patients with metastatic melanoma
Authors: D. Wenk, R. C. DeConti, P. Urbas, S. Andrews, V. K. Sondak, N. Maker, J. S. Weber, A. I. Daud
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

9046 Background: Sagopilone is a novel, fully synthetic epothilone that has shown promising preclinical activity in many tumor models, including those with taxane resistance, and in melanoma xenografts. This Phase II study aims to define the efficacy and safety of sagopilone in patients with metastatic melanoma, as well as perform pharmacokinetic evaluation of this dose and schedule. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed unresectable Stage III or IV malignant melanoma, with ≤2 prior cytotoxic chemotherapy regimens with measurable disease were eligible. Sagopilone was administered at 16 mg/m2 as a 3-hour IV infusion every 21 days. The primary end point of the trial was response rate, and secondary endpoints included time to progression, overall survival, and tolerability. Pharmacokinetic analysis was done on the first 10 patients. Results: Twenty patients (14 male and 6 female) have been enrolled from May to December 2007, and efficacy and safety data are currently available for 14 patients. Accrual continues to a goal of 33 patients. Major Grade 1 and 2 toxicities to date have been anemia (n=6), fatigue (n=8), neutropenia (n=4), thrombocytopenia (n=3), and neuropathy (n=11). Of the patients experiencing neuropathy, 10 were grade 1 and 1 was grade 2. Only 2 patients have shown grade 3 events (hypotension and pneumonia, respectively), both of which resolved. There were no grade 4 events. Objective responses by RECIST criteria have been seen in 2 patients (confirmed partial response) and 4 patients currently show stable disease as their best response. Both responders had previously failed cytotoxic chemotherapy, one having received DTIC and the other having received Temozolomide. Ten patients withdrew from the study (9 due to disease progression, and 1 due to reasons unrelated to the study). Conclusion: Sagopilone is well tolerated, and is active even in patients who have failed prior chemotherapy. Responses have been seen in sites such as the liver, which are not typically seen with other cytotoxic chemotherapy. Detailed pharmacokinetic data was also obtained for this dose and schedule. Even though accrual continues, we have already seen confirmed responses (2/14) and stable disease (4/14) in patients who have progressed on prior cytotoxics. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Bayer Bayer
The Conceptual Evolution of DSM-5edited by RegierDarrel A., M.D., M.P.H., NarrowWilliam E., M.D., M.P.H., KuhlEmily A., Ph.D., and KupferDavid J., M.D. Arlington, Va., American Psychiatric Publishing, 2011, 389 pp., $69.00.
Authors: Mark Zimmerman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2011)
Hospital autopsies are on the verge of extinction, study finds
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Postmortem examinations are now carried out in just over half of 1% of all UK hospital deaths, and the procedure has disappeared altogether in a quarter of NHS trusts, a survey published in the Journal of Clinical Pathology has shown.

The researchers submitted freedom of information requests to 160 NHS acute trusts in England, 14 NHS health boards …
Abstract 15543: Cost-Benefit Analysis of Pre-Participation Screening: How Much is an Athlete's Life?
Authors: Federico Migliore, Alessandro Zorzi, Cristina Basso, Maurizio Schiavon, Gateano Thiene, Domenico Corrado
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The Italian preparticipation screening (PPS) by history, physical examination and 12-lead ECG has proven to identify young competitive athletes (YCAs) with at risk-heart diseases (such ...