tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RENAL AND BILIARY DISEASE IN WHICH CALCULI FIGURE PROMINENTLY.
Authors: A. M. POND
Journal: JAMA (1907)

There is a striking similarity between renal disease in which calculi figure prominently and in diseases of the liver or biliary tract in which gallstones are formed. The analogy goes beyond the fact that a hard and sometimes irregular mass has been formed by reason of perverted function in a soft canal or pouch, and that attempts at getting rid of this obstacle are attended by varying degrees of pain and followed by more or less serious results. The comparisons can be carried to the formation of these bodies, the symptoms produced by them and the pathologic conditions resulting therefrom. This fact makes a diagnosis sometimes exceedingly difficult when the right kidney is at fault, since the relational anatomy is so intimate and the nerve supply of the viscera involved is so complex and extensive. <h3>CONDITIONS FAVORING CALCULUS FORMATION.</h3> There seems to be an imperative law of our physical being
Abstract LB-462: AGO2 PAR-CLIP suggests a shift in specific miRNA target spectra upon modulation of EWS-FLI1 in Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: David Herrero-Martin, Max Kauer, Grzegorz Sienski, Argyro Fourtouna, Robert Kralovics, Heinrich Kovar
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The chimeric oncoprotein EWS-FLI1 is the driving pathogenic force in Ewing's sarcoma family tumors (ESFT). As an aberrant ETS transcription factor it directly deregulates a multitude of genes related to proliferation control and differentiation. Recently, we reported on the EWS-FLI1 microRNA (miRNA) signature based on knockdown experiments in ESFT cell lines and on differential expression in primary tumors versus mesenchymal stem cells. In order to define the mRNA targets of EWS-FLI1 regulated miRNAs, we now performed pull-down experiments of AGO2 complexes after photoactivated ribonucleoside-enhanced cross-linking followed by NGS sequencing of associated mRNAs (PAR-CLIP). We obtained 92 Mio high quality reads of which 63 Mio were aligned to the reference genome. The genomic localization of these sequences demonstrated the specific enrichment of 3'UTRs (&amp;gt;17 fold). Among obtained reads, T to C conversions were highly enriched consistent with crosslinking via 4-thiouridine to AGO2 containing complexes. PAR-CLIP results indicate AGO2 binding next to miRNA seed sequences for 4695 and 5160 genes associated with 1876 and 1860 miRNAs in the presence and absence of EWS-FLI1, respectively. Strikingly, for individual miRNAs the mRNA target spectra drastically changed upon EWS-FLI1 knockdown. For instance, for the two top EWS-FLI1 signature miRNAs hsa-mir-145 and hsa-mir 424 a shift from genes involved in cell death and differentiation to protein activator activity, and from protein degradation and cell cycle control to protein kinases and protein phosphorylation was observed, respectively. Of note, a target shift was also observed for miRNAs that did not change in response to EWS-FLI1 knockdown. In addition for many specifc targets no correlation was observed between mRNA abundancy and the level of association with AGO2 as reflected by read counts. These data suggest that EWS-FLI1 perturbs post-translational gene regulation by changing access of the RISC complex to its target mRNAs. Supported by EC-FP7 grant 259348 “ASSET”. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-462. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-LB-462
Abstract 521: Glioma-associated IDH mutation induces miR-34a repression and stem cell-like physiology through enhanced PDGF signaling
Authors: Joachim Silber, Girish Harinath, Prasanna Tamarapu Parthasarathy, Armida W.M. Fabius, Sevin Turcan, Timothy A. Chan, Jason T. Huse
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Point mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase enzymes (IDH1 and IDH2) have been identified in 70-90% of lower-grade gliomas (LGGs; WHO grade II and III) as foundational genomic alterations. Glioma-associated IDH mutations occur in active site arginine residues and confer a neomorphic activity resulting in overproduction of the oncometabolite R(-)-2-hydroxyglutarate (2HG). The affects of 2HG on cellular physiology are widespread and include global shifts in epigenomic profiles. LGGs have also been repeatedly linked with dysregulated platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) signaling. We have recently demonstrated that miR-34a is downregulated in gliomas in response to dysregulated PDGF signaling and that miR-34a directly targets the PDGF receptor (PDGFRA) in high-grade gliomas. Analyzing a panel of diffuse gliomas, we find that miR-34a is specifically downregulated in LGG in response to IDH mutation. Similarly, in multiple isogenic cell line systems, IDH mutation induces repression of miR-34a. Also in these contexts, IDH mutation induces neurosphere formation and the expression of stem cell-associated genes. miR-34a has been reported to target pluripotency factors such as LIN28, OCT4 and NANOG. Accordingly, we find that murine neuroglial progenitor cells expressing IDH mutant isoform express higher levels of these factors than isogenic controls. The stem cell-like phenotype of IDH mutant-expressing cells is morphologically reversed by restoring miR-34a expression in the cells. Despite findings that IDH mutation correlates with hypermethylation at the MIR34a locus in LGG tumors, we have not been able to demonstrate the functional relevance of this. Instead, we find that IDH mutation is associated with enhanced PDGF signaling, and we demonstrate that inhibition or stimulation of PDGF signaling in IDH mutant cells increases or decreases miR-34a expression, respectively. Our studies support a model in which glioma-associated IDH mutation induces miR-34a repression and stem cell-like physiology through enhanced PDGF signaling. Citation Format: Joachim Silber, Girish Harinath, Prasanna Tamarapu Parthasarathy, Armida W.M. Fabius, Sevin Turcan, Timothy A. Chan, Jason T. Huse. Glioma-associated IDH mutation induces miR-34a repression and stem cell-like physiology through enhanced PDGF signaling. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 521. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-521
Lymphoscintigraphy in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Sentinel Node Biopsy and Its Role in the Surgical Planning
Authors: Aida Sabaté-Llobera, Ana Benítez-Segura, Antonio Marí, Carlos Arranz, María Teresa Bajén, Sandra Maymó-Garrido, José Martín-Comín
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2013)

The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of different lymphatic pathways on surgical planning and the reliability of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy to predict regional recurrence in patients with clinically N0 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Twenty-five patients with cT1/T2 N0 OSCC underwent a lymphoscintigraphy and an SLN biopsy. Elective neck dissection was performed at the validation stage and in patients with metastatic SLN. Scintigraphic and surgical SLN detection, pathologic status of SLN and of elective neck dissection, and regional recurrence in patients with negative SLN (pN0(sn)) were all analyzed.Scintigraphic and surgical detection were 96% and 100%, respectively, with 68% of negative SLN. Lymphoscintigraphy modified surgery in 32% of patients. In pN0(sn) patients, the free-of-disease survival rate was 88%.These results support the reliability of sentinel node biopsy in OSCC. Presurgical lymphoscintigraphy is essential, because it can modify the surgical procedure.
New questions about the old antishock suits
Authors: K. Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1983)

From its inception in the early 1900s to its revival in the 1960s, the pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) has been met with both enthusiasm and caution. Participants in the recent meeting of the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, held in Chicago, focused on the latter as they discussed several problems and precautions they believe should be noted by physicians and emergency medical technicians alike. The garment, also called "military antishock trousers" or the "G-suit" (because of some similarities to garments worn to protect pilots against gravity forces), is most commonly used to raise the blood pressure of the trauma victim suffering from hypovolemic hypotension in the field, according to Kenneth W. Burchard, MD, of the Rhode Island Hospital, Providence. It is believed to do this by increasing total peripheral resistance of the arterioles. But another use of the garment—for its possible autotransfusion effect—has generated debate. In theory, by
Atypical measles. Severe illness in recipients of killed measles virus vaccine upon exposure to natural infection
Authors: A. L. Brodsky
Journal: JAMA (1972)

During the course of a measles outbreak in Aberdeen, SD, five cases of atypical measles-like illness occurred in recipients of killed measles virus vaccine. The illness was severe and was characterized primarily by high fever, vesicular rash, and pulmonary consolidation. The large number of persons susceptible to this atypical illness and the resurgence of measles in the United States makes it likely that physicians will be seeing more of this phenomenon.
CEA for monitoring colon cancer
Authors: M. Corman
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —In a recent article Moertel et al 1 question the value of the CEA determination for monitoring patients who had undergone resection for colorectal cancer. They concluded that cancer cures attributable to CEA monitoring are infrequent and suggest that this   does not justify the cost and the patient's physical and emotional stress associated with the testing.  Such statements raise intriguing questions concerning the allocation of health care dollars for these and other more aggressive medical procedures, which may at least produce only a modest increased survival for a limited number of patients. Although society can justly question the priorities for allocating financial resources, we would expect that an individual who underwent resection for colorectal cancer would take the view that the small gain is worth whatever the expense and emotional distress.  We agree that cancer cures attributable to CEA monitoring are not frequent. Certainly, this
Mass Listeria: The Meaning of Health Scares
Authors: A. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Theodore Dalrymple Andre Deutsch, £8.99, pp 157 ISBN 0 233 99137 9

One of the recurring puzzles that led me to try my hand at public health medicine was the “revolving door” phenomenon. It was beginning to dawn on me how frustrating it is to help “save” a patient in extremis—from chronic airway disease, say—only to watch the patient return to hospital a few weeks later in exactly the same acute state.

Arguably a little slow on the uptake, I had worked in Britain, the Solomon Islands, and New Zealand before realizing that these personal reflections were being played out in a similar fashion everywhere I went. On my return to Britain I took a step back and viewed the scene from the vantage point of public …
Homovanillic Acid and Vanilmandelic Acid in Diagnosis of Neuroblastoma
Authors: Clyde M. Williams, Melvin Greer
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Neuroblastoma, a malignant tumor of childhood, originates from precursor cells of sympathetic nerve tissue or adrenal medulla. These cells produce excessive quantities of dopa, dopamine, and norepinephrine. These are converted to two major terminal urinary metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA) and vanilmandelic acid (VMA). Seven patients with neuroblastoma were examined before treatment for urinary HVA and VMA. In six cases, the concentrations of both acids were abnormally high. An abnormally high urinary excretion of HVA, VMA, or both, has been found in 40 out of 42 cases of ganglioneuroma, ganglioneuroblastoma, or neuroblastoma, for which both acids have been measured. Simultaneous measurement of urinary HVA and VMA excretion provides an effective method for the diagnosis of a majority of these tumors and for following the results of treatment.
Heart Disease as the Number One Cause of Death Among the Elderly
Authors: James S. Goodwin
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Infection with <i>Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare</i> with abscess, ulceration and fistula formation
Authors: M. HIDE, T. HONDO, S. YONEHARA, Y. MOTOHIRO, S. OKANO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Infections caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare complex are generally manifested as pulmonary disease, osteomyelitis or lymphadenitis, and cutaneous infection is rare. We describe a case of M. intracellulare infection of the skin in a 79-year-old man without apparent immunologically disabling disease or therapy. He had cutaneous infection of the right hand over 10 years, developing a fistula and, finally, an ulcer and abscess, 2 months before his death from heart failure. Mycobacterium intracellulare was identified by both microbiological characteristics and DNA-DNA hybridization.
Penicillosis in Patients with X-linked Hyperimmunoglobulin M Syndrome (XHIGM), Case Reports from Thailand
Authors: W. Kamchaisatian, P. Kosalaraksa, S. Benjaponpitak, S. Hongeng, C. Direkwattanachai, P. Lumbiganon, S. Wiangnon
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Glucose-induced changes in Na+/H+ antiport activity and gene expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Role of protein kinase C.
Authors: B Williams, R L Howard
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Increased Na+/H+ antiport activity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension and vascular disease in diabetes mellitus. The independent effect of elevated extracellular glucose concentrations on Na+/H+ antiport activity in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) was thus examined. Amiloride-sensitive 22Na+ uptake by VSMC significantly increased twofold after 3 and 24 h of exposure to high glucose medium (20 mM) vs. control medium (5 mM). Direct glucose-induced Na+/H+ antiport activation was confirmed by measuring Na(+)-dependent intracellular pH recovery from intracellular acidosis. High glucose significantly increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity in VSMC and inhibition of PKC activation with H-7, staurosporine, or prior PKC downregulation prevented glucose-induced increases in Na+/H+ antiport activity in VSMC. Northern analysis of VSMC poly A+ RNA revealed that high glucose induced a threefold increase in Na+/H+ antiport (NHE-1) mRNA at 24 h. Inhibiting this increase in NHE-1 mRNA with actinomycin D prevented the sustained glucose-induced increase in Na+/H+ antiport activity. In conclusion, elevated glucose concentrations significantly influence vascular Na+/H+ antiport activity via glucose-induced PKC dependent mechanisms, thereby providing a biochemical basis for increased Na+/H+ antiport activity in the vascular tissues of patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
OPA1, encoding a dynamin-related GTPase, is mutated in autosomal dominant optic atrophy linked to chromosome 3q28
Authors: Christiane Alexander, Marcela Votruba, Ulrike E.A. Pesch, Dawn L. Thiselton, Simone Mayer, Anthony Moore, Miguel Rodriguez, Ulrich Kellner, Beate Leo-Kottler, Georg Auburger, Shomi S. Bhattacharya, Bernd Wissinger
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
HL91-technetium-99m: Kinetics of a new hypoxia avid imaging agent in normal and ischemic myocardium as assessed by gamma camera images
Authors: Gerald Johnson, Kiem N. Nguyen, Zhonglin Liu, Ping Gao, Barbara Edwards, Colin M. Archer, Adam C. King, Timothy L. North, Robert D. Okada, William K. Warren
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDIES ON ULTRATHIN SECTIONS OF MUSCLE
Authors: Alan J. Hodge, Hugh E. Huxley, David Spiro
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1954)

Thin sections of striated muscle from frog (sartorius), rabbit (psoas), rat (heart), and fly (flight muscle), and of smooth muscle from clam (adductor) have been obtained using a new microtome. Electron micrographs of them are presented. The sections are sufficiently thin to achieve a resolution of 30 to 40 A. In fly flight muscle, the myofibrils are distinct and well separated morphological units. In frog and rabbit muscle the myofibrils appear to be so closely packed under normal conditions that their identity as separate units is almost lost. In all types of striated muscle examined, it was found that the filaments are arranged within the myofibrils in a continuous and highly regular hexagonal array. The diameter of the filaments in embedded, sectioned muscle appears to be significantly less than that observed in dried shadowed material. The 400 A axial period, observed in frog and rabbit muscle, and in rat heart muscle, was found to extend across the interstitial material between the filaments. The significance of these findings is discussed.
Studies of secretin-stimulated insulin responses in man
Authors: Roger L. Lerner, Daniel Porte
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1972)

Recent studies have suggested that secretin, like glucose, stimulates a rapid insulin response from a small storage pool. In order to evaluate the mechanism of the secretin-stimulated insulin response, small (15 U) rapidly administered intravenous injections (pulses) of secretin were given before, during, and after a 20 hr 300 mg/min glucose infusion. Contrary to previous studies demonstrating that the acute insulin response to a small (5 g) pulse of glucose given 45 min after the start of the glucose infusion was significantly diminished compared to the response to the preinfusion pulse, the acute insulin response (2-5 min Deltaimmuno-reactive insulin muU/ml) to 15-U secretin pulses exhibited a greater than twofold increase (before: 31.1+/-15.4; during: 71.2+/-40.4, muU/ml, mean +/-SD, P < 0.02). The increased response to secretin was also found after 20 hr of continuous glucose infusion, but was not observed 1 hr after cessation of the infusion when plasma glucose levels returned to control values. Thus, this increased response to secretin was glucose dependent. Four 150-U secretin pulses given at 30 min intervals elicited progressively and significantly diminished acute insulin responses with each succeeding pulse, consistent with depletion of the small storage pool. Similar to the observation that the magnitude of the insulin response to secretin was glucose dependent, the glucose-stimulated output appeared to be secretin dependent. Thus the acute insulin response to 5 g glucose was increased after secretin pretreatment (presecretin: 34.9+/-14.8; postsecretin: 50.5+/-22.5 muU/ml. P < 0.02) which suggests that secretin may either enlarge the storage pool stimulated by glucose or increase its sensitivity. The effect of epinephrine and propranolol on acute insulin responses to secretin and glucose was also different. 15-U secretin pulses were unaffected by infusions of either epinephrine (pre: 31.6+/-17.9; during: 27.8+/-16.6 muU/ml) or propranolol (pre: 12.8+/-8.4; during: 10.7+/-5.5 muU/ml). The results of these studies indicate that although both glucose and secretin stimulate a rapid insulin response, these responses are easily differentiated. The data suggest that glucose and secretin stimulate functionally separate storage pools of insulin, but that the acute response to either stimulus is partly determined by exposure to the other.
Serum carcinoembryonic antigen level in Paget's disease
Authors: M. Oji, M. Furue, K. Tamaki
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1984)

Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were examined in ten patients with genital Paget's disease, using radioimmunoassay. Three of the patients showed elevated serum CEA levels, but the other seven patients had normal levels. All three patients with increased CEA levels had widespread metastases. The seven patients with normal levels had no metastasis or had only a very small metastasis in one lymph node. Elevated serum CEA levels are associated with Paget's disease only when it shows widespread metastases.
Fetal sex determination in infants in Punjab, India: correlations and implications
Authors: B E Booth, M Verma, R S Beri
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives</b>: To determine the proportion of children whose sex was determined prenatally among those attending one Indian hospital and to identify factors which affect use of fetal sex determination. Design - Cross sectional study using interviews with mothers. Setting - Medical school hospital in Punjab, India. Subjects - 596 children delivered or seen for inpatient or outpatient care. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Fetal sex determination, sex of child, number and sex of siblings, type of care received, socioeconomic status, and maternal education. <b>Results</b>: Sex had been determined prenatally for fewer girls (5/236, 2%) than boys (49/360, 14%). Fetal sex determination had been done for only 2% (3/154) of first born boys compared with 18% (12/66) with one older sister and no older brother and 63% (30/48) with more than one older sister and no older brother. Only four boys whose sex had been determined prenatally had older brothers. The five girls whose sex had been determined prenatally either had a male twin or were incorrectly identified as male. Prenatal sex determination had been done for 21% (26/122) of boys admitted for inpatient care compared with 11% (19/173) seen as outpatients. Use of fetal sex determination increased with increasing monthly income (X<sup>2</sup> for trend=6.384, P=0.0115). None of the mothers who had had no education had used fetal sex determination, but among mothers with some education the frequency of use did not change with increasing education. The sex ratio of children born at the hospital rose from 107 boys/100 girls in 1982 to 132 boys/100 girls in 1993. <b>Conclusions</b>: Fetal sex determination was common, especially if the family already had daughters. Sex determination seems to be driven by a desire to have sons, with socioeconomic status and education having little effect. The lower prevalence of fetal sex determinations for girls is likely to be due to abortion of fetuses found to be female.