tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized phase III study of docetaxel (D) versus vinorelbine (V) for elderly patients (pts) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Results of a West Japan Thoracic Oncology Group trial (WJTOG9904)
Authors: K. Takeda, S. Kudoh, K. Nakagawa, M. Takada, N. Katakami, K. Matsui, M. Andoh, T. Satoh, S. Negoro, M. Fukuoka
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7009 Background: Monotherapy of V is currently the standard treatment for elderly pts with advanced NSCLC based on improved survival and quality of life (QOL). D has also shown promising results against elderly pts in our previous phase II study. We conducted a randomized phase III trial to evaluate whether D provided better OS than V in elderly pts with advanced NSCLC. Methods: Eligibility included more than 70 years old, histologically or cytologically proven NSCLC, stage IIIB or IV, chemotherapy naive, and performance status (PS) of 0 to 2. Pts were randomized to receive either D (60 mg/m2, day 1) or V (25 mg/m2, days 1, 8), repeated every 21 days over four cycles. Results: From May ’00 to Sep. ’03, 182 pts were enrolled; one was ineligible due to double entry. Median age was 76 years (range 70–86 years), and 75.7% were male. Sixty-seven pts (37.0%) were stage IIIB and 96.1% were good PS of 0–1. Baseline characteristics in each treatment arm were well balanced with regard to age, gender, PS, histology, weight loss, stage, and smoking history. Median numbers of treatment cycles were four (range 1–9) and three (range 1–15) in D and V arms, respectively. Major toxicity was neutropenia in both arms. Grade 3–4 neutropenia developed 83.0% and 69.2% in D and V, respectively, which had statistical significance (p=0.031). Toxicity was generally mild and well tolerated in each arm. Response rate were 22.7% and 9.9% in D and V, respectively, which reached statistical significance (p=0.019). OS was significantly prolonged for D (median survival time (MST); 13.9 months, 1-year survival rate; 59.2%) compared with for V (MST; 9.9 months, 1-year survival rate; 36.5%) (Wilcoxon test; p=0.038). The statistically better progression free survival (PFS) was also observed in D arm (Wilcoxon test; p<0.001). In addition, QOL study showed that two (appetite and fatigue) out of 8 items as a disease related symptom were improved in D arm as compared with V arm (appetite; p=0.04, fatigue; p=0.01). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that monotherapy of D provided better OS than V with improvement of disease related symptom in elderly pts with advanced NSCLC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Functional Anti‐CD94/NKG2A and Anti‐CD94/NKG2C Autoantibodies in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Niklas Hagberg, Jakob Theorell, Karin Hjorton, Pieter Spee, Maija‐Leena Eloranta, Yenan T. Bryceson, Lars Rönnblom
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Recently we serendipitously identified a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who was positive for autoantibodies to CD94/natural killer receptor group 2A (NKG2A). The present study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence and function of autoantibodies targeting lectin-like NK cell receptors in SLE. Sera from 203 SLE patients and 90 healthy individuals were analyzed, by flow cytometry, for Ig binding to Ba/F3 cells transfected with CD94/NKG2A, CD94/NKG2C, or NKG2D. Autoantibodies identified were characterized with regard to interference with HLA-E binding, effect on NK cell activation in response to HLA-E-transfected K562 cells, and capacity to facilitate antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC). Levels of autoantibodies were determined in longitudinally sampled sera, and correlations with disease activity (SLE Disease Activity Index 2000) and severity (Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index) were investigated. Anti-CD94/NKG2A autoantibodies were identified in 7 SLE patients. The autoantibodies from 6 patients inhibited binding of HLA-E to CD94/NKG2A, whereas those from the seventh patient augmented this binding. Autoantibodies from 2 patients also reacted with the activating receptor CD94/NKG2C, with inhibition of the binding of HLA-E to CD94/NKG2C observed in 1 case and enhancement of this binding in the other. None of the sera contained anti-NKG2D autoantibodies. The levels of anti-CD94/NKG2A and anti-CD94/NKG2C autoantibodies correlated with disease activity and with a more severe SLE phenotype. Mechanistically, anti-CD94/NKG2A and anti-CD94/NKG2C autoantibodies both interfered with HLA-E-mediated regulation of NK cell activation and facilitated the elimination of target cells expressing CD94/NKG2A or CD94/NKG2C through ADCC. Anti-CD94/NKG2A and anti-CD94/NKG2C autoantibodies occur in a subset of patients with clinically active SLE. Given their capacity to deplete certain NK cell subsets and interfere with particular NK cell function, such autoantibodies may promote the pathogenesis of SLE.
PROSE: Randomized proteomic stratified phase III study of second line erlotinib versus chemotherapy in patients with inoperable non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
Authors: C. Sorlini, S. Barni, F. Petrelli, S. Novello, F. De Marinis, T. M. De Pas, F. Grossi, A. Bearz, M. Mencoboni, M. Aieta, A. Caprioli, P. Antonelli, N. Zilembo, A. Bachi, I. Floriani, H. Roder, J. Roder, J. Grigorieva, C. Lazzari, V. Gregorc
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

TPS214 Background: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis (MALDI ToF MS) of NSCLC patients' pretreatment sera or plasma was shown to predict survival after EGFR TKIs therapy (Taguchi et al. JNCI 2007). The proteomic classifier (VeriStrat, Biodesix Inc), based on 8 distinct m/z peaks, separates patients (pts) into 2 groups (VeriStrat good and poor), significantly different in terms of time to progression and overall survival when treated with EGFR TKIs but not chemotherapy (CT). Aim of the current study is to prospectively evaluate the predictive value of the proteomic classifier on outcome in advanced NSCLC pts, treated with either EGFR-TKIs or standard CT in second-line setting. Methods: PROSE is a phase III, prospective, double-blinded trial where pts with advanced NSCLC are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive erlotinib 150 mg daily or standard second-line CT (pemetrexed 500 mg/m2 3w or docetaxel 75 mg/m2 3w). Pts are stratified according to ECOG Performance Status, smoking history and proteomic profile (good vs poor) obtained from MALDI ToF analysis of pretreatment sera. To detect a different survival effect between erlotinib and CT in the 2 proteomic-classified groups, the study sample size was calculated based on: the established 65/35% ratio between VeriStrat good and VeriStrat poor-classified pts; the expected median survival of 7 months (mos) in patients treated with CT irrespectively of proteomic profile and of approximately 4.2 mos for VeriStrat poor (HR 1.7) and 9.9 mos for VeriStrat good (HR 0.7) pts treated with erlotinib. Up to now, 196 pts out of the 275 planned have been enrolled in 12 Italian centers. PROSE trial is the first study worldwide that prospectively applies proteomics into a clinical setting. If the predictive value of proteomic analysis were confirmed, PROSE study would open the possibility of a new, simple and reliable tool to select the best second-line treatment between EGFR TKIs or CT in NSCLC pts, who are either EGFR undetermined or wild type.
Abstract 14189: Delayed Cardiac Tamponade Following Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation With and Without Warfarin Discontinuation: Single Center Experience
Authors: Luigi Di Biase, Pasquale Santangeli, Prasant Mohanty, Rong Bai, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Agnes Pump, B Mauricio Cereceda, Javier E. Sanchez, Rodney Horton, Shane Bailey, Jason Zagrodzky, G.Joseph Gallinghouse, J. David Burkhardt, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Cardiac tamponade is a worrisome peri-procedural complication of percutaneous catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation. In rare cases, delayed tamponade may occur following catheter a...
A community study of anxiety in children and adolescents
Authors: J H Kashani, H Orvaschel
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

The authors used an epidemiologic approach to investigate rates, symptoms, and behavioral concomitants of anxiety across the child and adolescent age span. They drew 210 children aged 8, 12, and 17 in equal numbers from a community sample and evaluated them with structured diagnostic assessments. They found anxiety to be the most frequently reported type of psychopathology across all three age groups. Although the prevalence of any anxiety symptom remained constant, specific types of anxiety varied with age. Age differences in nonanxiety behavior were found between subjects with and without anxiety, particularly with regard to interpersonal dysfunction.
Abstract 13459: Sleep Blood Pressure Self-measured at Home as Independent Determinant of Target Organ Damage: the Japan Morning Surge Home Blood Pressure (J-HOP) Study
Authors: Kazuomi Kario, Hajime Haimoto, Kayo Yamagiwa, Kiyoshi Uchiba, Shouichirou Nagasaka, Yuichiro Yano, Kazuo Eguchi, Yoshio Matsui, Motohiro Shimizu, Joji Ishikawa, Shizukiyo Ishikawa, Satoshi Hoshide
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Recent population-based and clinical studies using ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring (ABPM) demonstrated that sleep BP is a better predictor of cardiovascular disease than awake...
Emotional features of narcissistic personality disorder
Authors: Dragan M. Švrakić
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

On the basis of the existing data and his own clinical study, the author provides an overall systematization of emotional features of narcissistic personality disorder. The division of narcissistic emotions into primary and secondary, positive and negative, is ultimately determined by the internal (two-level) personality structure and the success or lack of success in functioning of narcissistic individuals. The author introduces the novel idea of pessimistic mood as characteristic of decompensated narcissistic patients and analyzes it in some detail.
Combined systemic and intraventricular chemotherapy in primary CNS lymphoma: Superior results in patients younger than 60 years
Authors: A Glasmacher, H Pels, R Kleinschmidt, C Helmstaedter, M Deckert, Dirk Van Roost, A Zellner, F Kroschinsky, G Schackert, K Neben, A Ho, A Engert, Diehl, U Bode, T Klockgether, U Schlegel, Igh Schmidt-Wolf
Journal: Blood (2001)
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Bind to PPARα to Upregulate Neurotrophin Expression in the Brain and Improve Memory in Mice
Authors: Avik Roy, Malabendu Jana, Madhuchhanda Kundu, Grant T. Corbett, Suresh B. Rangaswamy, Rama K. Mishra, Chi-Hao Luan, Frank J. Gonzalez, Kalipada Pahan
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Results of the DSM-IV mood disorders field trial
Authors: M B Keller, D N Klein, R M Hirschfeld, J H Kocsis, J P McCullough, I Miller, M B First, C P Holzer, G I Keitner, D B Marin
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The DSM-IV mood disorders field trial, a multisite collaborative study, was designed to explore the reliability of a course-based diagnostic classification system for major depression, evaluate the symptom criteria for dysthymia, and explore the need for additional diagnostic categories for milder forms of mood disorder (e.g., minor and recurrent brief depression). Five hundred twenty-four depressed subjects were recruited from inpatient, outpatient, and community settings at five sites and evaluated with structured interviews according to DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria, with careful attention to longitudinal course. Within- and across-site interrater reliability studies and 6-month test-retest reliability studies were also conducted on subsets of the sample. For evaluations of major depression and dysthymia, intrasite reliability was good to excellent and intersite reliability was fair to good; 6-month test-retest reliability was fair for dysthymia and poor to fair for major depression. Interrater reliability for six course of illness specifiers was fair to good, and almost all subjects could be assigned to a specific type of course. The results supported the use of a course-based classification system for major depression. They also suggested that the content validity of the DSM-III-R symptom criteria for dysthymia could be improved by emphasizing cognitive and social/motivational symptoms, although such changes are unlikely to sharpen the distinction between dysthymia and major depression. Finally, 91% of the subjects met the criteria for current or lifetime major depression or dysthymia, suggesting that additional categories for milder forms of depression are not needed.
The Evolutionary Mechanisms of Neurotic Behavior
Authors: A. D. JONAS, D. F. JONAS
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors present evidence that many of the maladaptive behavior patterns labeled as neurotic result from man's retention of archaic responses. This retention is the end product of man's evolutionary history, which has produced a species that, in contrast to all others, requires a long period of immaturity to give the brain time for growth. Man`s slow developmental process has allowed his brain the plasticity to retain the potential for responses developed along the whole evolutionary line. Actuated by such factors as genetic disposition, training, and environmental conditions, these responses can take the form of maladaptive behavior patterns.
Abstract 3396: A Randomized, Open-label, Crossover Pilot Study Comparing The Effects Of A Loop Diuretic With Antialdosteronergic Properties Versus A Pure Loop Diuretic On Activation Of Sympathetic Nerve System In Mildly Symptomatic Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Ken Harada, Hideo Izawa, Hidehito Funahashi, Hiroki Kataoka, Kazumasa Unno, Takashi Yamada, Yosuke Murase, Akihiro Hirashiki, Masakazu Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Asano, Takao Nisizawa, Xian W Cheng, Kohzou Nagata, Kenji Okumura, Mitsuhiro Yokota, Toyoaki Murohara
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Although a lower mortality among patients with chronic heart failure treated with torasemide, a loop diuretic with antialdosteronergic properties, compared to other diuretics have been ...
Suicide in bipolar disorder in Finland
Authors: E T Isometsä, M M Henriksson, H M Aro, J K Lönnqvist
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors examined suicides of persons with bipolar disorder in aspects relevant to suicide prevention, including clinical features, treatment contacts, adequacy of treatment received, communication of suicidal intent, and suicide methods.All suicide victims with DSM-III-R bipolar I disorder among all 1,397 suicides in Finland within a 12-month period were carefully studied using the psychological autopsy method and were compared to suicide victims with unipolar major depression.Thirty-one bipolar I victims were identified. Most suicides of persons with bipolar disorder occurred during a major depressive episode (79%), but in some cases it occurred during a mixed state (11%) or even during or immediately after remission of psychotic mania (11%). Men had a higher rate of comorbid alcoholism, a lesser mean age, and shorter treatment histories than women. Although 74% of the victims were receiving psychiatric care at the time of suicide, and 39% had even explicitly communicated their intent to health care personnel during the last 3 months, only 11% of those who were depressed had received adequate doses of antidepressants and none had received ECT. Only 32% of the bipolar patients were prescribed lithium. In comparison to unipolar depressed suicide victims, the bipolar victims had more divorces, longer treatment histories, and more frequent hospitalizations.Although late suicides were common among both male and female bipolar victims, suicide seemed to occur earlier among males. Most bipolar victims had had a recent psychiatric treatment contact, but few had received adequate treatment immediately before death. Suicide victims with unipolar and bipolar disorders differed in marital status and treatment history.
In whom should regular asthma controller therapy be initiated
Authors: Alan Kaplan, Nadia Grillo, Louis-Phillipe Boulet, Samir Gupta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Clinical practice guidelines advise daily asthma management with evidence based recommendations. We analyzed international asthma guidelines (last 5 years): Canadian Thoracic Society (CTS), British Thoracic Society/Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (BTS/SIGN) & the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines to determine when one should initiate regular controller therapy for a patient with asthma.  While all of the guidelines advise starting an uncontrolled patient on controller therapy with inhaled corticosteroids, the thresholds defining a lack of control differ between guidelines.  The threshold for daytime symptom frequency ranges from 2-4 days/week. Lung function criteria differ with an FEV1 or PEF
Fortnightly review: tinnitus investigation and management
Authors: V Vesterager
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Tinnitus (from the Latin tinnire , which means to ring or to tinkle) describes the sensation of any sound perceived in the head or in the ears without an evident external stimulus. Though tinnitus is subjective, for clinical purposes it is subdivided into subjective and objective tinnitus, the latter describing those few incidents in which the sound is detected or potentially detectable by another observer. Tinnitus is a manifestation of malfunction in the processing of auditory signals involving both perceptual and psychological components and should as such be differentiated from auditory hallucinations, which are generally considered to be a symptom of psychiatric or neurological disorders.

The characteristics used to classify tinnitus depend on the purpose of the classification (box).1 Furthermore, distinctions should be made between acute and chronic tinnitus and between chronic tinnitus occurring after an acute tinnitus and chronic tinnitus of insidious onset.2 Tinnitus is considered to be chronic when is has been present for more than three months without signs of spontaneously resolving.

### Box 1—Classification of tinnitus

Most people experience tinnitus occasionally, and most experience it in silent soundproofed rooms. The British national study of hearing found that 10% of adults had prolonged spontaneous tinnitus—that is, tinnitus “usually lasting for longer than 5 minutes”; 1% experienced severe annoyance due to tinnitus, and in 0.5% of adults tinnitus severely reduced the ability to lead a normal life. The same study ascertained that 7% of the population in the United Kingdom present to their general practitioners with tinnitus and 2.4% are referred to hospitals.3 A largescale Swedish study4 reported somewhat higher figures: for 2.4% of adults “tinnitus plagues me all day,” and 14.2% suffered …
Pulmonary immune cells: villains and confederates
Authors: U Costabel, C Kroegel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1993)

Over the past ten years or so, we have been witnessing a slow but enduring change of mainstream research in respiratory medicine. From being widely dominated by studies of lung function and pulmonary physiology, research in respiratory medicine has begun to move into the complex field of cellular and molecular biology, in its effort to understand the basic mechanisms of disease. This progress has been due not only to advances in immunological and biological science but also to the introduction of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) procedure which provides access to the various cell populations of the lower respiratory tract This issue of the Journal contains the first of a series of reviews planned to highlight the recent knowledge on pulmonary immune cells in health and disease [1]. Written by experts fully familiar with the modem laboratory techniques applied to the studies of immune cells, each of the ar1icles will be devoted to a specific cell type, including dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, mast cells, and platelets. Their beneficial role in host defence against invading pathogens, but also their harmful effects in chronic lung injury, will be addressed. The series will describe the origin. maturation and differentiation of the cells, surface antigens and receptor repertoires, enzyrre and mediator oontents, as well as the mechanisms of cellular recruit:rrent and activation. In addition to biological cell functions such as secretion of lipid mxliators and cytokines, migration, ~ and interactions with other cells, the potentially deleterious role in the pathogenesis of human diseases, will be summarized with an emphasis on respiratory disorders. Lastly, the potential implications for therapeutic strategies based on this new approach to lung diseases will be assessed. The article appearing in this issue deals with dendritic cells and Langerhans cells [1]. Langerhans cells are thought to be derived from dendritic cells. However, they differ from dendritic cells, since the latter are characterized by typical cytoplasmic ~lies called Birbeck granules, visible only by electron microscopy. Both cells are potent accessory cells or antigen-presenting cells and stimulate Iymphocyte proliferation, whereas alveolar macrophages function rather poorly in this respect [2] . An important lung disease, eosinophilic granuloma or histiocytosis X, has been renamed Langerhans cell granulomatosis, following the recognition that the offending cell is the LangedJans cell. Cltrrent concepts suggest that the disease results from an abnormal immune response in cigarette smokers, initiated and maintained by Langerhans cells [1].
Abstract 15621: History of Pregnancy Loss Predicts Coronary Heart Disease and Peripheral Vascular Disease in Post-Menopausal Women in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI)
Authors: Donna R Parker, Bing Lu, Megan Sands, Charles B Eaton
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Metabolic and hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy loss may contribute to the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) in adulthood. We prospectively evaluated a history of p...