tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis Among Indochinese Refugees in the United States
Authors: Kenneth E. Powell
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Surveys of state tuberculosis control programs revealed that of the 262,602 Indochinese refugees who entered the United States in 1979 and 1980, approximately 1.5% either had tuberculosis at the time of entry or developed it by the end of 1980; another 18% were placed on preventive therapy. The refugees comprised 5.3% of the nationally counted cases during the two-year period. Age- and sex-specific incidence rates among Indochinese refugees were 30 to 200 times higher than those for other persons in the United States. For refugees who arrived in 1979, the incidence of tuberculosis during 1980 (231 per 100,000) was only one third the incidence during 1979 (719 per 100,000). For refugees who entered the United States in 1980, the incidence during 1980 was 480 per 100,000. Bacteriologic confirmation of the diagnosis was reported for only 26% of refugees, compared with 79% of other patients with tuberculosis in the United States, suggesting overdiagnosis of tuberculosis among refugees. However, age-specific rates of bacteriologically positive tuberculosis were still 14 to 70 times higher for refugees than for the United States as a whole.
Immunize and disappear—Safety-optimized mRNA vaccination with a panel of 29 allergens
Authors: Elisabeth Roesler, Richard Weiss, Esther E. Weinberger, Angelika Fruehwirth, Angelika Stoecklinger, Sven Mostböck, Fatima Ferreira, Josef Thalhamer, Sandra Scheiblhofer
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
THE DANGER OF LIQUID PETROLATUM IN PARENTERAL INJECTIONS
Authors: FRED. D. WEIDMAN
Journal: JAMA (1923)

I wish first to touch on the injection of paraffin, a substance which, while not an oil, has a similar pathologic significance, besides being closely related chemically to liquid petrolatum. Furthermore, the more recent findings in connection with liquid petrolatum injections throw a side-light on the paraffin ones which justify this digression. <h3>PARAFFIN INJECTIONS</h3> Every medical man is by this time aware of the untoward effects which sometimes follow the injection of paraffin for cosmetic or other purposes; so much so, in fact, that the term paraffinoma now has a familiar ring, and that the use of this substance in plastic surgery has been almost abandoned. Davis<sup>1</sup>brings out that not every person thus treated develops a paraffinoma—that there must be a predisposition on the part of the patient; and, from this the final verdict for or against paraffin must depend on the frequency of the development of paraffinomas
The differential effects of hormone replacement therapy and selective estrogen receptor modulator on endothelial function seem related to an effect on plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase
Authors: Giuseppe Mercuro, Massimo Fini, Cristiana Vitale, Otavio Gebara, Sandra Zoncu, Mauricio Wajngarten, Antonello Silvestri, Paola Rossini, JosèAntonio F. Ramires, Giuseppe M. Rosano
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Sedentary Time and Its Association With Risk for Disease Incidence, Mortality, and Hospitalization in Adults
Authors: Aviroop Biswas, Paul I. Oh, Guy E. Faulkner, Ravi R. Bajaj, Michael A. Silver, Marc S. Mitchell, David A. Alter
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

This article has been corrected. The original version (PDF) is appended to this article as a Supplement. Background: The magnitude, consistency, and manner of association between sedentary time and outcomes independent of physical activity remain unclear. Purpose: To quantify the association between sedentary time and hospitalizations, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and cancer in adults independent of physical activity. Data Sources: English-language studies in MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar databases were searched through August 2014 with hand-searching of in-text citations and no publication date limitations. Study Selection: Studies assessing sedentary behavior in adults, adjusted for physical activity and correlated to at least 1 outcome. Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers performed data abstraction and quality assessment, and a third reviewer resolved inconsistencies. Data Synthesis: Forty-seven articles met our eligibility criteria. Meta-analyses were performed on outcomes for cardiovascular disease and diabetes (14 studies), cancer (14 studies), and all-cause mortality (13 studies). Prospective cohort designs were used in all but 3 studies; sedentary times were quantified using self-report in all but 1 study. Significant hazard ratio (HR) associations were found with all-cause mortality (HR, 1.220 [95% CI, 1.090 to 1.410]), cardiovascular disease mortality (HR, 1.150 [CI, 1.107 to 1.195]), cardiovascular disease incidence (HR, 1.143 [CI, 1.002 to 1.729]), cancer mortality (HR, 1.130 [CI, 1.053 to 1.213]), cancer incidence (HR, 1.130 [CI, 1.053 to 1.213]), and type 2 diabetes incidence (HR, 1.910 [CI, 1.642 to 2.222]). Hazard ratios associated with sedentary time and outcomes were generally more pronounced at lower levels of physical activity than at higher levels. Limitation: There was marked heterogeneity in research designs and the assessment of sedentary time and physical activity. Conclusion: Prolonged sedentary time was independently associated with deleterious health outcomes regardless of physical activity. Primary Funding Source: None.
When is Tonsillectomy Indicated?
Authors: Zenonas Danilevicius
Journal: JAMA (1975)

There is hardly any area in which we have more experience and less knowledge than the physiology and pathology of the lymphoid tissue of the throat. We still do not know enough about the functions of the tissue that constitutes the Waldeyer ring, the influence of infections of this tissue on the patient's general health, and the role of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in prevention of rheumatic fever. More than two years ago, the American Council on Otolaryngology formed an Ad Hoc Committee on Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy, in an attempt to define clear indications for these procedures. The committee consisted of 11 outstanding scientists under the chairmanship of Charles D. Bluestone, MD, professor of otolaryngology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. The committee suggested that investigations be undertaken in epidemiology, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of tonsillitis and adenoidal hypertrophy. Under a grant of the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and
CONDITIONS PREDISPOSING TO B. COLI INFECTION AFTER POST-OPERATIVE RETENTION
Authors: C. Dukes
Journal: BMJ (1934)

3E'%-' ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ M use of this drug, to increase its concentration in the urine.Dyes of the pyridine series have recently -been employedas urinary antiseptics.They also can be used without ivegard to the reaction of the urine, and it is claimed that they can penetrate the walls of the tract and so exert an antiseptic action in the tissues.The flavine series have
Graft-versus-Leukemia Antigen CML66 Elicits Coordinated B-Cell and T-Cell Immunity after Donor Lymphocyte Infusion
Authors: Wandi Zhang, Jaewon Choi, Wanyong Zeng, Shelby A. Rogers, Edwin P. Alyea, James G. Rheinwald, Christine M. Canning, Vladimir Brusic, Tetsuro Sasada, Ellis L. Reinherz, Jerome Ritz, Robert J. Soiffer, Catherine J. Wu
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

The target antigens of graft-versus-leukemia that are tumor associated are incompletely characterized.
The Safety of Newly Approved Medicines
Authors: Michael A. Friedman, Janet Woodcock, Murray M. Lumpkin, Jeffrey E. Shuren, Arthur E. Hass, Larry J. Thompson
Journal: JAMA (1999)

The removal of 5 pharmaceuticals from the market in a 12-month period because of unexpected adverse events raised concerns about the adequacy of the drug review process at the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Specifically, concerns were raised about improvements in drug review efficiency that significantly reduced FDA review times. We have reviewed the circumstances of the 5 removals to determine whether there was any relationship to the increased efficiencies in the drug review process. When the removed drugs were analyzed by date of approval, no increase in the number of drugs taken off the market was seen, demonstrating that reduced review processing time was not the reason for the cluster of removals. We conclude that the agency's drug review procedures and postmarketing surveillance system after a drug has been marketed are currently adequate but must continually adjust to future challenges.
A WORD ON THE MODERN USE OF THE TERMS INFECTION AND CONTAGION.
Authors: R. HARVEY REED
Journal: JAMA (1896)

With the advance of the germ theory and its practical application to disease, no small amount of confusion has arisen in our text-books in the use of the word infection. Dunglison's dictionary, published in 1860, defines the word infection as synonymous with contagion and defines contagion as being the transmission of a disease from one person to another by direct or indirect contact. It also states that the term has been applied by some to the action of miasmata arising from dead animal or vegetable matter, bogs, fens, etc. It says that contagious diseases are produced either by a virus capable of causing them by inoculation, as smallpox, cowpox, hydrophobia or syphilis, or by miasmata proceeding from a sick individual, as in plague, typhus gravior, measles, scarlatina, scrofula, phthisis pulmonalis, or cancer. By these definitions, you will readily see that the same term is applied to widely different conditions and
Transmission of Hepatitis
Authors: Gerald E. Harmon
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Viral hepatitis, type B, may be transmitted by direct inoculation of blood or blood products or by inoculation with any of a variety of body secretions, including saliva,<sup>1</sup>and possibly tears<sup>2</sup>and synovial fluids.<sup>3</sup>Inoculation with infected blood or blood products can occur in many ways, some of them bizarre. For example, it has been reported that Scandinavian cross-country runners were infected by blood deposited on thorns by previous runners who were hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers.<sup>4</sup> We were involved with a hepatitis B outbreak transmitted by an unusual and, to our knowledge, previously undocumented mode. Within two weeks we saw seven young men, aged 23 to 39 years, with complaints of nausea, anorexia, malaise, and jaundice. When first seen, all had substantially elevated serum hepatic enzyme and bilirubin levels. All but one were HBsAg positive. Five of the seven were hospitalized
Experimental rhinovirus infection in volunteers
Authors: PG Bardin, G Sanderson, BS Robinson, ST Holgate, DA Tyrrell
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

Experimental viral disease studies in volunteers have clarified many aspects of the pathogenesis of human viral disease. Recently, interest has focused on rhinovirus-associated asthma exacerbations, and new volunteer studies have suggested that airway responsiveness (AR) is enhanced during a cold. For scientific, ethical and safety reasons, it is important to use validated methods for the preparation of a virus inoculum and that the particular virological characteristics and host responses should not be altered. We have prepared a new human rhinovirus (HRV) inoculum using recent guidelines and assessed whether disease characteristics (for example, severity of colds or changes in AR) were retained. Studies were conducted in 25 clinically healthy volunteers using a validated HRV inoculum in the first 17 and a new inoculum in the subsequent eight subjects. Severity of cold symptoms, nasal wash albumin levels and airway responsiveness were measured, and the new inoculum was prepared from nasal washes obtained during the cold. The new inoculum was tested using standard virological and serological techniques, as well as a polymerase chain reaction for Mycoplasma pneumoniae. No contaminating viruses or organisms were detected and the methods suggested were workable. Good clinical colds developed in 20 of the 25 subjects and median symptom scores were similar in the validated and new inoculum groups (18 and 17.5, respectively; p=0.19). All subjects shed virus, and there were no differences noted in viral culture scores, nasal wash albumin and rates of seroconversion in the two groups. Although airway responsiveness increased in both groups (p=0.02 and p=0.05), the degree of change was similar. We have performed experimental rhinovirus infection studies and demonstrated similar clinical disease in two inoculum groups. Amplified airway responsiveness was induced; continuing studies will define the mechanisms and suggest modes of treatment.
Smoking Bans Research
Authors: Jerome Arnett, John Dale Dunn
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Preventing respiratory syncitial virus bronchiolitis
Authors: M. Sharland
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Winter in the United Kingdom—wet, cold, miserable, and, yet again, the season for respiratory syncitial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. About 3% of each year's birth cohort are admitted with bronchiolitis every winter in Europe, Australasia, and North America (20 000 infants in the UK, of whom 600 need ventilation1). Traditionally certain groups of infants are considered to be at high risk of developing more severe RSV bronchiolitis. These high risk groups include infants born prematurely (insufficient transfer of maternal RSV IgG) and those with chronic lung disease of prematurity, other underlying cardiorespiratory disease, or immunodeficiency. However the great majority of infants admitted are previously normal babies. The treatment of RSV bronchiolitis has had a chequered history, and, despite initial enthusiasm, it is now widely accepted that bronchodilators, steroids, and ribavirin have no overall significant benefit.2 This therapeutic nihilism makes paediatricians uneasy, and if we have no treatment, then surely prevention must be the answer.

Pooled hyperimmune RSV intravenous immunoglobulin (RSV IVIG, Respigam) was licensed by the Food and Drug Admininstration in 1996 after …
COMPARISON OF LONG TERM STROKE OR TIA RISK BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION WHO UNDERGO RADIOFREQUENCY CATHETER ABLATION VS. MATCHED PATIENTS WHO HAVE NOT HAD AN ABLATION PROCEDURE
Authors: Matthew R. Reynolds, Candace Gunnarsson, Tina Hunter, Joseph Ladapo, Jamie March, Sarah A. White, Mingdong Zhang, Steven C. Hao
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Edentulous State and Circulation Time-Reply
Authors: G. A. Diettert
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Sheehan's comments are interesting, and I would agree it is important to standardize circulation-time studies carefully. No special attention was paid to the edentulous state in my study. However, a good correlation was obtained in all patients, using both a subjective method with dehydrocholic acid and an objective method using fluorescein. I would feel that this was not a factor in our series. <h3>Letter Reminders</h3> Contributions to Letters to the Journal are reviewed according to the same standards as other contributions. Manuscripts should be typewritten, double-spaced, and should not exceed 250 words in length. The correspondent should indicate clearly whether the letter is to be considered for publication. Unsigned letters cannot be published.
Incidence, risk factors and 90-day mortality of patients with acute kidney injury in Finnish intensive care units: the FINNAKI study
Authors: Sara Nisula, Kirsi-Maija Kaukonen, Suvi T. Vaara, Anna-Maija Korhonen, Meri Poukkanen, Sari Karlsson, Mikko Haapio, Outi Inkinen, Ilkka Parviainen, Raili Suojaranta-Ylinen, Jouko J. Laurila, Jyrki Tenhunen, Matti Reinikainen, Tero Ala-Kokko, Esko Ruokonen, Anne Kuitunen, Ville Pettilä
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
Corticosteroid Treatment in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Jeffrey D. Urman
Journal: JAMA (1977)

Survival rates of two groups of corticosteroid-treated patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been compared using life-table analysis. Group 1 consists of 209 SLE patients studied in New York City between 1957 and 1968; group 2 consists of 156 SLE patients studied in Connecticut between 1968 and 1976. A similar percentage of patients in each group was followed up closely by one of us. The five-year survival rate for group 1 was 70%, compared with 93% for group 2. The improved survival could not be explained by differences in racial composition, incidence of CNS manifestations, or incidence of severe renal disease. The markedly improved survival may be due to several factors, including a generally better understanding of the disease and the recent use of newer antibiotics. The management of the two groups was similar, except that group 2 patient's conditions were managed not only on the basis of clinical evidence of disease activity but also on the basis of the serum complement (C3) level and on the basis of the level of antibody to native DNA. The data suggest that the use of such serologic values may lead to improved survival.
Diabetic Retinopathy: More Patients, Less Laser
Authors: James H. Vallance, Peter J. Wilson, Graham P. Leese, Ritchie McAlpine, Caroline J. MacEwen, John D. Ellis
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

We aim to correlate the incidence of diabetic retinopathy and maculopathy requiring laser treatment with the control of risk factors in the diabetic population of Tayside, Scotland, for the years 2001-2006.Retinal laser treatment, retinal screening, and diabetes care databases were linked for calendar years 2001-2006. Primary end points were the numbers of patients undergoing first or any laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy or maculopathy. Mean A1C and blood pressure and retinal screening rates were followed over the study period.Over 6 years, the number of patients with diabetes in Tayside increased from 9,694 to 15,207 (57% increase). The number of patients receiving laser treatment decreased from 222 to 138 and first laser treatments decreased from 100 (1.03% of diabetic population) to 56 (0.37%). The number of patients with type 2 diabetes treated for maculopathy decreased from 180 in 2001 to 103 in 2006 (43% reduction, P = 0.03). Mean A1C decreased for type 1 and type 2 diabetic populations (P < 0.01) and a reduction in blood pressure was observed in type 2 diabetic patients (P < 0.01). The number of patients attending annual digital photographic retinopathy screening increased from 3,012 to 11,932.Laser treatment for diabetic maculopathy in type 2 diabetic patients has decreased in Tayside over a six-year period, despite an increased prevalence of diabetes and increased screening effort. We propose that earlier identification of type 2 diabetes and improved risk factor control has reduced the incidence of maculopathy severe enough to require laser treatment.
Adenolipoma of the lip
Authors: F. Ide, K. Mishima, I. Saito
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Adenolipoma of the lip Get access F. Ide, F. Ide Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230‐8501, Japan E‐mail: ide‐f@tsurumi‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. Mishima, K. Mishima Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230‐8501, Japan E‐mail: ide‐f@tsurumi‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Saito I. Saito Department of Pathology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, 2‐1‐3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi‐ku, Yokohama 230‐8501, Japan E‐mail: ide‐f@tsurumi‐u.ac.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 148, Issue 3, 1 March 2003, Pages 606–607, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05209_14.x Published: 01 March 2003
Interpreting Results of Large-Scale Genetic Association Studies
Authors: Josée Dupuis, Christopher J. O’Donnell
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Say no to seeing sales reps
Authors: C. Kopp
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Silversides claims that promotional information is better regulated in France than in Canada or the United States.1 She mentions the French code of practice for sales representatives of 2004, but in 2009 a report by the French National Authority for Health (Haute Autorite de Sante, HAS), which monitors the code, acknowledged that visits by sales representatives are not …
Detection of lupus anticoagulant and successful anticoagulation in familial Sneddon syndrome
Authors: H. Tily, K. Banki, G. S. Hoffman, A. Perl
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2010)

We report the cases of two sisters with systemic autoimmune disease accompanied by recurrent transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs), antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and livedo reticularis (LR). Both were thought to have central nervous system (CNS) vasculitis but immunosuppression failed. Subsequently, they were diagnosed with Sneddon's syndrome (SnS) and both experienced dramatic improvement following anticoagulation.

A 47-year-old woman had experienced recurrent dizziness, confusion, headaches, alternating muscle spasms and weakness, and falls since 1996. She was initially diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on the presence of oral ulcers, malar rash, antinuclear antibodies, leucopenia and presumed lupus cerebritis. She also had LR and low C4. MRI of the brain showed white matter foci of increased signal intensity. …