tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Are the Types of Fever Limited?
Authors: H. Kennedy
Journal: BMJ (1868)

perience in consultation felt assured that their professional interests and reputation were perfectly safe in his hands.I have to add, that Mr. Smith was formerly on the Council of this Society, and at the time of his death was honorary local secretary for Leeds.My next desire, gentlemen, is to return you my best thanks for your earnest and well directed endeavours to promote the welfare and usefulness of this Society; and to the honorary secretaries our cordial acknow- ledgments are also most undoubtedly due for their indefatigable and valuable services during the year.And now, in conclusion, let me venture to hope, as we have indeed reasonable grounds to expect, that our Society will be the means of knitting together, and firmly, the bonds of good fellowship amongst us, and, when our work is finished, amongst our successors for all time.That, in its abundant and valuable fruits, our Society will ever, in pursuance of its high object, continue to prosper for the good of those tender beings who have the strongest claim upon our sympathy, whose safety it should ever be our anxious care, if not our sacred duty, to watch over, help, and comfort, in their peculiar bodily afflictions and sufferings.
Tissue factor expression may contribute to cutaneous infarctions
Authors: S.V. Setzer, C. Cohen, R.A. Swerlick
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Tissue factor expression may contribute to cutaneous infarctions Get access S.V. Setzer, S.V. Setzer Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Cohen, C. Cohen Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Swerlick R.A. Swerlick Department of Dermatology, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA 30033, U.S.A R. A. Swerlick. E‐mail: rswerli@emory.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 3, 1 September 2004, Pages 711–713, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06154.x Published: 01 September 2004
Letter from Afghanistan
Authors: J. Leaning
Journal: BMJ (2002)

EDITOR—After 23 years of war and three years of drought Afghanistan has been driven into sweeping devastation and poverty. Having spent two weeks in Afghanistan on behalf of the US Physicians for Human Rights, as a member of a three person team, I can say that unless the international community moves rapidly to extend a security network outside Kabul and to mobilise funds for short term projects, the military and political investment in the coalition war will have been for naught.

Curfews imposed since the time of the Russians close down the cities at 10 pm, but the United Nations keeps its staff in after nightfall, even in Kabul. At least Kabul can point to the international security force, albeit thinly deployed. Elsewhere, the only restraint is the presence of coalition forces at the airports or in temporary bivouacs, and these troops are poised to leave at any time.

Mazaar-I-Sharif, the main city of the north, is divided into three distinct sections under the direction of three rival warlords. Virtually every male aged 14 to 60 in this city carries a Kalashnikov rifle. To venture out after nightfall …
Monoclonal antibody targeting of IL-3 receptor α with CSL362 effectively depletes CML progenitor and stem cells
Authors: Eva Nievergall, Hayley S. Ramshaw, Agnes S. M. Yong, Mark Biondo, Samantha J. Busfield, Gino Vairo, Angel F. Lopez, Timothy P. Hughes, Deborah L. White, Devendra K. Hiwase
Journal: Blood (2013)
Does amblyopia matter?
Authors: Michael Clarke
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Rahi and colleagues report that, “distinguishing, at a population level, between the lives of people with amblyopia and those without in terms of important educational, health, and social outcomes may be difficult.”1 Understanding of amblyopia has moved beyond the traditional concept of a “lazy eye” to the knowledge that it is a form of cerebral visual impairment, caused by a disturbance of vision during a sensitive period of development. Amblyopia is the effect on the developing visual system of another pathology—often refractive error or strabismus (squint)—and is the most common cause of reduced visual …
Late Sodium Current Contributes to the Reverse Rate-Dependent Effect of I <sub>Kr</sub> Inhibition on Ventricular Repolarization
Authors: Lin Wu, Jihua Ma, Hong Li, Chao Wang, Eleonora Grandi, Peihua Zhang, Antao Luo, Donald M. Bers, John C. Shryock, Luiz Belardinelli
Journal: Circulation (2011)

The reverse rate dependence (RRD) of actions of I(Kr)-blocking drugs to increase the action potential duration (APD) and beat-to-beat variability of repolarization (BVR) of APD is proarrhythmic. We determined whether inhibition of endogenous, physiological late Na(+) current (late I(Na)) attenuates the RRD and proarrhythmic effect of I(Kr) inhibition.Duration of the monophasic APD (MAPD) was measured from female rabbit hearts paced at cycle lengths from 400 to 2000 milliseconds, and BVR was calculated. In the absence of a drug, duration of monophasic action potential at 90% completion of repolarization (MAPD(90)) and BVR increased as the cycle length was increased from 400 to 2000 milliseconds (n=36 and 26; P<0.01). Both E-4031 (20 nmol/L) and d-sotalol (10 μmol/L) increased MAPD(90) and BVR at all stimulation rates, and the increase was greater at slower than at faster pacing rates (n=19, 11, 12 and 7, respectively; P<0.01). Tetrodotoxin (1 μmol/L) and ranolazine significantly attenuated the RRD of MAPD(90,) reduced BVR (P<0.01), and abolished torsade de pointes in hearts treated with either 20 nmol/L E-4031 or 10 μmol/L d-sotalol. Endogenous late I(Na) in cardiomyocytes stimulated at cycle lengths from 500 to 4000 milliseconds was greater at slower than at faster stimulation rates, and rapidly decreased during the first several beats at faster but not at slower rates (n=8; P<0.01). In a computational model, simulated RRD of APD caused by E-4031 and d-sotalol was attenuated when late I(Na) was inhibited.Endogenous late I(Na) contributes to the RRD of I(Kr) inhibitor-induced increases in APD and BVR and to bradycardia-related ventricular arrhythmias.
Effect of succimer on growth of preschool children with moderate blood lead levels.
Authors: Karen E Peterson, Mikhail Salganik, Carla Campbell, George G Rhoads, Judith Rubin, Omer Berger, James H Ware, Walter Rogan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2003)

Growth deficits associated with lead exposure might be ameliorated by chelation. We examined the effect of succimer on growth in 780 children 12-33 months old who had blood lead levels of 20-44 microg/dL and were randomized to receive up to three 26-day courses of succimer or placebo in a multicenter, double-blind trial. The difference in changes in weight and height between succimer and placebo groups at 1-34 months was calculated by fitting cubic splines. The difference in height change in children on succimer compared with placebo was -0.27 cm [95% confidence interval (95% CI), -0.42 to -0.11] from baseline to 9 months, when 99% of children had completed treatment, and -0.43 cm (95% CI, -0.77 to -0.09) during 34 months of follow-up. Similar differences in weight gain were not statistically significant. Although succimer lowers blood lead in moderately lead-poisoned children, it does not have a beneficial effect on growth and may have an adverse effect.
Eric Hugo Strach
Authors: A. Strach
Journal: BMJ (2012)

My father, Eric Hugo Strach, viewed his life in two halves—the life he left behind and his “new” life. He was born in Brno, Czechoslovakia, into a close knit Jewish family who were religious but not orthodox. His father owned an umbrella shop. His sister Ilse was 18 months older than Eric.

The first major hurdle he overcame was a serious bowel intussusception at the age of 6 months when he nearly died. He always regarded himself as lucky to be alive having survived this and indeed, he made the best of all the hurdles life threw at him and remained a committed optimist through thick and thin. He had many more hurdles to deal with before he reached his new life.

Eric studied medicine at Prague University and graduated in 1938, after which he spent the summer in France with friends. The Nante family were to become Eric’s saviours, and they have continued to be close family friends to this day. As the situation in Europe deteriorated, Eric’s parents dissuaded him from returning to Czechoslovakia. The Nantes were prepared to lodge him and feed him, as he had no work permit. Eric was able to repay their hospitality by driving their car for them after their chauffeur had been called up. During this time he tried desperately to arrange a visa for his sister and her children but failed. He always said he thought he could have done more to save them.

He finally got work as a resident medical officer at a sanatorium in Dreux. After it was bombed in 1940, he drove the Nante family to Pornic in Brittany to relative safety and then answered his call-up to the Czech army at Agde, in the South of France.

From here, he set sail as a private with …
Vitamin D binding protein sequesters monomeric actin in the circulation of the rat.
Authors: K D Harper, J F McLeod, M A Kowalski, J G Haddad
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1987)

Plasma vitamin D binding protein (DBP) may scavenge actin released during cell lysis. We examined the plasma disappearance and tissue appearance of 125I-DBP, 125I-G-actin, and the DBP-G-actin complex after their intravenous administration to rats. The plasma disappearance of DBP and DBP-actin were indistinguishable, with rapid initial (t1/2 = 2.6 h) and slower second (t1/2 = 7 h) slopes. After 125I-G-actin (nanomole) injection, plasma disappearance paralleled that of DBP and DBP-actin. All injected actin was associated with DBP, without evidence of free actin, actin-gelsolin complexes or actin oligomers. Tissue appearances of 125I-apo-DBP (apo) or holo-DBP were similar, with highest accumulations in perfused liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle. Although more complex phenomena (plasma entry of F-actin and intracellular actin binding proteins) would occur in vivo after cell lysis, our results suggest a role for DBP in the sequestration and disposition of actin monomers in the circulation.
Case 52-1988
Authors: Glenn D. Steele, Carolyn C. Compton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1988)

Presentation of CaseA 40-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of epigastric pain and an intrahepatic mass.She was well until five years earlier, when epigastric pain developed. She was seen at another facility, where an upper gastrointestinal series and an x-ray film of the chest were reported to be normal. An ultrasonographic examination of the abdomen was said to show hepatosplenomegaly.The patient improved and became lost to follow-up examination. Thereafter she was well until eight days before admission, when epigastric pain recurred, with a sensation of "fullness" that radiated to the right side of the back, . . .
Clinical trial design and evidence-based outcomes in the study of liver diseases
Authors: Jennifer M. Croswell, Barnett S. Kramer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)

Current medical training often does not include the formal study of trial design, forcing clinicians to acquire this knowledge independently. This article reviews the foundational elements of clinical trial design. An overarching hierarchy of clinical evidence is introduced, and the relative strengths and limitations of the major types of study designs are discussed. A corollary to the hierarchy of evidence in trial designs is proposed for trial outcomes: the "pyramid of endpoints." This pyramid represents a spectrum of outcomes from tangible health events to intermediate markers with no direct physical impact on an individual. The potential advantages and difficulties inherent in the use of surrogate endpoints for final health outcomes are explored. Randomized controlled trials utilizing "hard" clinical endpoints are advocated as the most efficient and reliable way to directly assess the benefits and harms of a therapy; however, using a case study of treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma, we highlight the challenges that can complicate even the highest levels of evidence. All trials have a "signal-to-noise" ratio - this review emphasizes the need for careful and deliberate consideration of the potential limitations of every study, and provides basic tools to assist the practitioner in identifying common pitfalls of clinical trials.
Clinical Alert: evidence-based medicine in<i>Gut</i>
Authors: M J G FARTHING
Journal: Gut (1998)

Clinical Alert: evidence-based medicine in Gut Many clinicians have attempted to practise evidence-based medicine (EBM) long before it came into vogue in the 1990s.My mentor, Tony Dawson, was a leading protagonist.His weekly departmental ward rounds were frequently brought to a temporary halt by a razor sharp comment, "don't tell what you think we should do, just give me the data."Many clinicians, however, have not taken such a critical approach to practice, hence the need to highlight the fundamental importance of the EBM message.I do not suggest that all clinical practice must be evidence-based and that experience counts for nought; indeed, in many instances the data are just not available.However, when data are available, I believe that they should form the basis of clinical decision making.With this in mind, we are launching a new section, Clinical Alert, and have enlisted the help of the EBM team at McMaster University who produce Evidence-Based Medicine and its sister journals.Our approach is similar to that for Science Alert in which the biomedical literature is screened for articles of particular interest to gastroenterologists and hepatologists, and an expert is invited to produce a commentary identifying the strengths and weaknesses of the work and placing it in current context.For Clinical Alert, the literature is searched on a regular basis by the EBM team and any papers meeting their criteria, given in detail elsewhere, 1 are forwarded to us for more detailed consideration.This procedure will enable us to identify the best original and review articles describing important advances which are most likely to influence clinical practice.The articles are scrutinised for quality by EBM
Assessing and Managing Depression in the Terminally Ill Patient
Authors: Susan D. Block
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

Psychological distress often causes suffering in terminally ill patients and their families and poses challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Increased attention to diagnosis and treatment of depression can improve the coping mechanisms of patients and families. This paper reviews the clinical characteristics of normal grief and clinical depression and explains strategies for differential diagnosis. Although some literature discusses the psychological issues facing elderly patients and terminally ill patients with cancer, less is known about patients with end-stage pulmonary, cardiac, renal, and neurologic disease. Data on the effectiveness of interventions in terminally ill patients are lacking. Treatment recommendations in this paper represent extrapolations from existing literature and expert opinion. Diagnosing and treating depression in terminally ill patients involve unique challenges. Evidence of hopelessness, helplessness, worthlessness, guilt, and suicidal ideation are better indicators of depression in this context than neurovegetative symptoms. Although terminally ill patients often have suicidal thoughts, they are usually fleeting. Sustained suicidal ideation should prompt a comprehensive evaluation. Clinicians should have a low threshold for treating depression in terminally ill patients. Psychostimulants, because of their rapid onset of action, are useful agents and are generally well tolerated. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclic antidepressants may also be used. Psychological interventions—including eliciting concerns and conveying the potential for connection, meaning, reconciliation, and closure in the dying process—can also facilitate coping.
Heterogeneity of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome: description of three clinical types and a hypothesis to explain the basic defect(s).
Authors: A. P. Barabas
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Age 20: Rupture of splenic artery; emergency splenectomy Age 25: Large femoral haematoma; required blood transfusion; E.D.S. diagnosed Age 27: Recurrent severe abdominal pain; all investigations nega tive Age 12: Large haematoma in right iliac fossa Age 17: Large haematoma in left popliteal fossa Age 24: Large haematoma in right popliteal fossa; required blood transfusion; E.D.S. diagnosed Age 30: Died of spontaneous rupture of the aorta
Advance Medical Planning
Authors: K. Michael Lipkin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Letters1 June 1996Advance Medical PlanningK. Michael Lipkin, MDK. Michael Lipkin, MDThe University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637-1470Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-124-11-199606010-00021 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:Dr. Gillick [1] makes a case for broadening the scope of effective advance medical planning and addresses the difficulties and barriers that are involved. She offers important observations, insights, and recommendations, but her focus is on medical care for the elderly. In fact, patients of all ages can benefit from advance planning.Progress in this realm has been disappointing, but we may be aiming too high. The literature is replete with calls for advance planning based on models that may be too daunting for most practicing physicians. Lengthy discussions about difficult issues are unlikely to occur in ...References1. Gillick MR. A broader role for advance medical planning. Ann Intern Med. 1995; 123:621-4. Google Scholar2. Cox DM, Sachs GA. Advance directives and the Patient Self-Determination Act. Clin Geriatr Med. 1994; 10:431-43. Google Scholar3. Sachs GA. Increasing the prevalance of advance care planning. Special supplement. Hastings Center Report. 1994; 24:S13-6. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637-1470 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBrief report: Identifying a proxy for health care as part of routine medical inquiry 1 June 1996Volume 124, Issue 11Page: 1017KeywordsElderlyForecasting Issue Published: 1 June 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Pharmacogenetics and asthma: false hope or new dawn?: Table 1—
Authors: I. P. Hall, I. Sayers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

Pharmacogenetic approaches provide the opportunity to improve prescribing for asthmatic patients in order to optimise efficacy and prevent side-effects. Currently, there are comprehensive data available on the extent of genetic variation in the human genome that will further this area of research. However, less is known about the functional consequences of many of the identified polymorphisms in genes whose products may predict drug efficacy. In addition, there is a shortage of well-designed, adequately powered clinical studies in this area. This series summarises the current state of knowledge and identifies areas for further research.
Volume overload-induced cardiac remodeling is exaggerated in mice with homozygous deletion of the atrial natriuretic peptide gene
Authors: None Ji An Feng, Gilbert J. Perry, Suzanne Oparil, Yiu-Fai Chen, Tatsuhiko Mori, Tetsuya Hayashi, Yasushi Kitaura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Changes in core temperature and hydration status during a competitive football match played in cool conditions
Authors: P Watson, M Clark, J Bryan, R J Maughan
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Football is played throughout the world in a wide range of environmental conditions. Thermal responses to match play in temperate and warm conditions have been widely reported, but there little published work that has quantified changes in core temperature and hydration status when football is played in cool conditions. Fifteen male university football players (age 20 ± 1 y, height 1.81 ± 0.06 m, body mass 79.7 ± 9.5 kg) took part in a competitive match in cool conditions (6.5 ± 0.8°C, 66 ± 4% relative humidity). Core temperature (Tc) was measured using an ingestible telemetric sensor (HQ Inc. Florida, USA). Sweat losses were assessed from the change in body mass after correction for the volume of fluid consumed. Tc prior to the start of the match was 37.3±0.3°C. T of the starting players increased as the match progressed (P &lt; 0.05), with values of 39.0±0.4°C and 39.1±0.4°C recorded at half time and full time respectively. The highest individual Tc was 39.6°C. The Tc of the reserve players (n=5) increased above resting values after the warm up (P &lt; 0.05), but decreased as the match progressed. While this was not statistically different from prematch values, two reserves did fall below 37.0°C. Body mass losses of starting players were 1.04±0.35 kg (range 0.57–1.48 kg). Fluid intake during the match was 0.72±0.34 l. When corrected for the ingestion of fluid, and any urine output, the estimated sweat losses were 1.53±0.41 l (range 0.75–2.00 l), which corresponds to a sweat rate of 1.0±0.3 l/h (range 0.5–1.3 l/h). The present study suggests that players involved in competitive football matches played in cool conditions exhibit similar thermoregulatory and hydration responses to those reported during match play in more temperate conditions. As competitive football is played in colder conditions than those experienced in this study, further research into the physiological response of players to these conditions is warranted.