tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of the Holiday Season in Patients With Diabetes: Glycemia and Lipids Increase Postholiday, but the Effect Is Small and Transient
Authors: Angus G. Jones, Timothy J. McDonald, Andrew T. Hattersley, Beverley M. Shields
Journal: Diabetes Care (2014)

January diabetes clinics can leave both patients and clinicians facing a dilemma: Should high HbA1c and lipids be treated, or should we blame the holiday festivities and defer any decision to later in the year, when New Year resolutions have had a chance to be effective? This is an important question: If raised risk factors are not transient, delaying treatment could increase future complications; if these celebrations do have a marked transient effect, clinicians treating diabetes may be best reviewing patients after the effects of holiday festivities have subsided.

We assessed the impact of the holiday season on glycemia and lipid profile in 3,212 adults with diabetes recruited to the Diabetes Alliance for Research in England (DARE) study (http://www.exeter.crf.nihr.ac.uk/node/132) (89% type 2 diabetes, 96% white British, 60% male). Biochemistry results from January 2000 to January 2012 were exported from local laboratory records (Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, Exeter, U.K.). We compared the results of …
Endoscopic Ultrasonography, Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Guided by Endoscopic Ultrasonography, and Computed Tomography in the Preoperative Staging of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Comparison Study
Authors: Frank G. Gress
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Current methods for detecting mediastinal lymph node involvement with non-small-cell lung cancer can be inaccurate and are often invasive and expensive. Objective: To assess the utility of endoscopic ultrasonography, fine-needle aspiration biopsy guided by endoscopic ultrasonography, and computed tomography for the detection of metastases to the posterior mediastinal lymph nodes in non-small-cell lung cancer. Design: Prospective preoperative evaluation of the diagnostic operating characteristics of these procedures. Setting: Referral-based academic medical center. Patients: 130 consecutive patients with non-small-cell lung cancer who were otherwise good surgical candidates. Interventions: All patients had initial computed tomography of the chest; those with enlarged nodes were referred for endoscopic ultrasonography. Endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy was done on suspicious contralateral posterior mediastinal or subcarinal lymph nodes identified by ultrasonography. At surgery, lymph nodes were dissected and categorized by location and underwent histopathologic evaluation. Results: 52 patients were ultimately enrolled in the study: Thirty-one had thoracotomy with mediastinal dissection, and 21 had tumors considered unresectable on the basis of preoperative evaluation. Ultrasonography without aspiration biopsy had an overall accuracy of 84% for predicting metastasis to lymph nodes; computed tomography had an accuracy of 49% (P < 0.025). Twenty-four patients had ultrasonography-guided aspiration biopsy; 14 of the 24 were ineligible for surgery because cytology showed malignancy. Results of surgical pathology correlated with negative aspiration cytology results in 9 of 10 patients; the one node with false-negative results contained a 2-mm focus of cancer. The accuracy of ultrasonography-guided aspiration biopsy in diagnosing metastasis to lymph nodes was 96%; the results of this test prompted a change in management in 95% of the patients who had the procedure. Conclusions: Endoscopic ultrasonography alone or with fine-needle aspiration biopsy adds useful diagnostic information in determining metastasis to posterior mediastinal or subcarinal lymph nodes in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. These procedures are especially helpful in the preoperative evaluation of patients with suspicious contralateral mediastinal or "bulky" subcarinal nodes.
The J-Curve Phenomenon and the Treatment of Hypertension-Reply
Authors: Lisa E. Farnett
Journal: JAMA (1991)

In Reply.  —The issue of BP control in ischemic heart disease is complex. Blood pressure may indicate the probability of experiencing a cardiovascular event or may serve as a marker of cardiovascular disease that has already occurred. Our report focused on the effects of treatment of hypertension and whether overtreatment would adversely affect outcomes. We included only studies involving treated patients and carefully ranked our treatment studies with a quality score that gave the highest value to those studies that used preischemic-event BPs. In contrast, MacMahon and Sharpe cite studies that included normotensive populations and used postevent BPs and baseline, rather than treatment, BP data.  MacMahon and Sharpe cite data from the Hypertension Detection and Followup Program study that showed that the stepped-care group, including those with a history of myocardial infarction, had decreased mortality compared with the referred-care group. However, this is misleading since most patients in the study
Use of Plaster Casts in the Management of Diabetic Neuropathic Foot Ulcers
Authors: A J M Boulton, J H Bowker, M Gadia, R Lemerman, K Caswell, J S Skyler, J M Sosenko
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

Neuropathic foot ulceration is a major medical and economic problem among diabetic patients, and the traditional treatment involves bed rest with complete freedom from weight-bearing. We have investigated the use of walking plaster casts in the management of seven diabetic patients with longstanding, chronic plantar ulcers. Although all ulcers healed in a median time of 6 wk, this therapy was not without side effects, which are described in detail. We conclude that casting is a useful therapy for neuropathic ulcers, although several clinic visits, including cast removal and foot inspection, are necessary to avoid potential side effects caused by the casting of insensitive feet.
Psychology and sociology: Beyond neither determinism nor science
Authors: Carmi Schooler
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

While agreeing with Rose's reasoning about why the causes of organisms' behaviors cannot be reduced to the solely biological and molecular, this review questions Rose's uses of the terms “determinism” and “contingency”; his occasional seemingly cavalier acceptance as fact of unproven hypotheses about social and psychological phenomena; and his general disdain for the psychometric tradition and its causal modeling extensions.
Triple Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes: Insulin Glargine or Rosiglitazone Added to Combination Therapy of Sulfonylurea Plus Metformin in Insulin-Naïve Patients
Authors: Zulekha Hamid, Debra L. Simmons
Journal: Diabetes Care (2006)

Rosenstock et al. (1) reported on the safety and efficacy of add-on insulin glargine versus rosiglitazone for patients with type 2 diabetes not adequately controlled on dual oral therapy with sulfonylurea plus metformin. The main finding of the study was similar glycemic control in both groups. About 50% of participants in both groups achieved an HbA1c of <7%. However, the authors comment on two …
Re: Behfar Ehdaie, Richard Sylvester, Harry W. Herr. Maintenance Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Treatment of Non–Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Critical Evaluation of the Evidence. Eur Urol 2013;64:579–85
Authors: Donald L. Lamm, Nilay M. Gandhi
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Epicutaneous Antigen Challenge of Orally Sensitized Mice Elicits Allergic Dermatitis by Redirecting α4β7 Gut Homing T Cells to the Skin
Authors: M.K. Oyoshi, A. ElKhal, J.E. Scott, R. He, H. Jin, M. Wurbel, J. Campbell, R.S. Geha
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Successful Treatment With Insulin Analog Lispro in IDDM With Delayed Absorption of Subcutaneously Applied Human Regular Insulin and Complicated Intraperitoneal Insulin Infusion: A case report
Authors: Matthias Meier, Johann Brand, Eberhard Standl, Oliver Schnell
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE To subcutaneously administer the insulin analog lispro in a patient with delayed absorption of subcutaneously applied human regular insulin whose continuous intraperitoneal insulin infusion (CIPII) with a percutaneous access device had required multiple surgical interventions because of complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a 35-year-old woman with long-term IDDM and delayed absorption of subcutaneously applied human regular insulin, a 3-year CIPII with human regular insulin via a percutaneous access device was complicated by three catheter obstructions and one subcutaneous abscess. Each complication required the implantation of a new percutaneous access device. During a 2-day trial with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) of the insulin analog lispro at basal infusion rates of 0.5–1.1 U/h, stable metabolic control was achieved. A 5-h intermediate attempt with human regular insulin in CSII, however, increased blood glucose concentrations from 6.0 to 28.8 mmol/1, despite identical basal rates and additional injection of 16 U of human regular insulin. Restarting with CSII of the insulin analog lispro reinforced stable metabolic control. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that the insulin analog lispro is a promising approach in the treatment of IDDM with delayed absorption of subcutaneously applied human regular insulin and a suitable alternative therapy for patients with complications attributed to percutaneous access devices for CIPII.
Textbook of Orthopaedic Medicine. Volume I, Diagnosis of Soft Tissue Lesions
Authors: N. Capener
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1957)

by Professor J. Goslings and Dr. Van Swaay.It is a valuable compilation, handsomely produced on paper good enough for microphotographic reproductions, and the authors are to be congratulated on the successful conclusion of one of the most difficult of
Expression of diverse Na+ channel messenger RNAs in rat myocardium. Evidence for a cardiac-specific Na+ channel.
Authors: M N Sills, Y C Xu, E Baracchini, R H Goodman, S S Cooperman, G Mandel, K R Chien
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1989)

This study examined the diversity of Na+ channel gene expression in intact cardiac tissue and purified myocardial cells. The screening of neonatal rat myocardial cell cDNA libraries with a conserved rat brain Na+ channel cDNA probe, resulted in the isolation and characterization of a putative rat cardiac Na+ channel cDNA probe (pCSC-1). The deduced amino acid sequence of pCSC-1 displayed a striking degree of homology with the eel, rat brain-1, and rat brain-2 Na+ channel, thereby identifying pCSC-1 as a related member of the family of Na+ channel genes. Northern blot analysis revealed the expression of a 7-kb CSC-1 transcript in rat cardiac tissue and purified myocardial cells, but little or no detectable expression of CSC-1 in rat brain, skeletal muscle, denervated skeletal muscle, or liver. Using RNase protection and Northern blot hybridization with specific rat brain Na+ channel gene probes, expression of the rat brain-1 Na+ channel was observed in rat myocardium, but no detectable expression of the rat brain-2 gene was found. This study provides evidence for the expression of diverse Na+ channel mRNAs in rat myocardium and presents the initial characterization of a new, related member of the family of Na+ channel genes, which appears to be expressed in a cardiac-specific manner.
The Artificial Kidney at Home
Authors: George L. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1970)

More than five years' experience with home dialysis has shown this program to be an effective, safe means of maintaining life for the patient with chronic uremia. It is considerably more economical than center therapy, and rehabilitation can be expected in 90% of patients. Their overall general well-being appears to be greater than those receiving center dialysis. Complications can and do occur. Although potentially fatal, there have been no dialyses-associated fatalities, and morbidity is low. We judge this to be the currently preferred form of therapy for patients awaiting cadaveric transplantation, those unsuitable for having a transplant, geriatric patients, and for any psychologically stable individual who prefers not to receive a transplant.
Cardiovascular morphogenesis in zebrafish
Authors: B. M. Weinstein, M. C. Fishman
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1996)

Much of our current understanding of early vertebrate cardiovascular development has come from study of avian and amphibian embryos (for a review of classical work on early specification of the heart, see Ref. [l]). The physical accessibility of these embryos and their developing cardiovascular tissues has made it possible to begin to examine the inductive interactions leading to heart formation. However, these organisms are relatively intractable to genetic analysis. Genetic screens have been instrumental in providing the tools to dissect complex developmental processes in invertebrates such as Drosophila melanogaster and C. elegans [2,3], but vertebrates more amenable to genetic analysis, notably the mouse, have embryos that develop inside the mother and are relatively inaccessible to observation and experimental manipulation, precluding screening for mutations affecting cardiovascular development. The zebrafish, Danio rerio, is a small tropical freshwater cyprinid with an approximately 3-month generation time. Adult fish measure approximately 1.5 inches in length, allowing large numbers of fish to be maintained economically in a relatively small space (Fig. 1A). Females produce several hundred eggs at frequent intervals, and the eggs are externally fertilized, so embryos are available for observation and experimental manipulation at all stages. In addition, the embryos are optically transparent until relatively late in embryogenesis, making it possible to observe development of internal organs directly and non-invasively (Fig. lC>. We have begun to explore whether the zebrafish might serve as a tractable model system for a combined embryologic and genetic analysis of cardiovascular development. In this review we describe particulars of the developing cardiovascular system in zebrafish and experimental and genetic methods that have been or could be applied to its study, and we illustrate the similarity of early cardiovascular development in zebrafish to that of mammals.
Cycling in patients with chronic airflow limitation.
Authors: A A Woodcock, M Johnson, D Geddes
Journal: BMJ (1983)

patients with Hodgkin's disease.4Kupffer's cells may be one source of endogenous pyrogen in man and it is interesting that sustained fever is more common in patients with hepatic Hodgkin's disease.All our patients had hepatic Hodgkin's disease and fever of several days' duration.Human leucocytes produce endogenous pyrogen in vitro when exposed to endotoxin: this response is blocked by the cytotoxic agent actinomycin C.5 Production of endogenous pyrogen in our patients may have been inhibited by the cytotoxics, the homoeostatic mechanisms controlling temperature causing prolonged rebound hypothermia.Though we have no certain explanation for the abrupt onset of hypothermia, these observations raise several points.How often does hypothermia complicate cytotoxic treatment ?Hypothermia often escapes diagnosis because low reading thermometers are not used.As it may be a serious complication in the old and weak, patients with sustained fever during cytotoxic treatment should be carefully observed.'Koriech OM.Hypothermia and hypotension in Hodgkin's disease.Br
Filling one gap by creating another: Memory stabilization is not all-or-nothing, either
Authors: Philippe Peigneux, Arnaud Destrebecqz, Christophe Hotermans, Axel Cleeremans
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Walker proposes that procedural memory formation involves two specific stages of consolidation: wake-dependent stabilization, followed by sleep-dependent enhancement. If sleep-based enhancement of procedural memory formation is now well supported by evidence obtained at different levels of cognitive and neurophysiological organization, wake-dependent mechanisms for stabilization have not been demonstrated as convincingly, and still require more systematic characterization.
(38) Coup de sabre morphoea
Authors: S.A. Khan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Journal Article (38) Coup de sabre morphoea Get access S.A. Khan S.A. Khan Pinderfields General Hospital Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 117, Issue s32, 1 June 1987, Pages 89–91, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1987.tb12078.x Published: 01 June 1987
EXTENT OF DIFFUSE MYOCARDIAL FIBROSIS DETERMINES OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH HEART FAILURE AND PRESERVED EJECTION FRACTION
Authors: Julia Mascherbauer, Beatrice A. Marzluf, Caroline Tufaro, Stefan Pfaffenberger, Alexandra Grad, Catharina Schreiber, Gültekin Karakus, Martin Hülsman, Richard Pacher, Irene M. Lang, Gerald Maurer, Diana Bonderman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Intestinal Obstruction from Medication Bezoar in Patients with Renal Failure
Authors: Courtney M. Townsend, August R. Remmers, Harry E. Sarles, Jay C. Fish
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

OBTURATOR intestinal obstruction is usually due to fecal impaction, trichobezoar or phytobezoar, gallstones or foreign bodies. In the three cases reported below intestinal obstruction was due to concretions of aluminum hydroxide suspension* or that agent combined with sodium polystyrene sulfonate.†Aluminum hydroxide suspension is administered as an alkali buffer to prevent gastric hyperacidity. In patients with renal failure, it is often used to bind phosphates in the gastrointestinal tract to control the hyperphosphatemia of renal failure. The sodium polystyrene sulfonate resin is used orally or as an enema to remove potassium in patients with renal failure.The three patients described . . .
Effects of prolonged hypoxia on adenylate cyclase activity and beta-adrenergic receptors in pulmonary and systemic arteries of the rat.
Authors: P W Shaul, K H Muntz, D DeBeltz, L M Buja
Journal: Circulation Research (1990)

Prolonged hypoxia causes pulmonary hypertension but no change in systemic vasomotor tone. In an effort to define the mechanisms involved, we determined the effects of 3 and 7 days of hypoxia on adenylate cyclase activity and beta-adrenergic receptor binding characteristics in pulmonary and systemic arteries in an adult rat model of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction produced by hypobaria. Basal and stimulated adenylate cyclase activity were measured in crude membrane preparations by radioimmunoassay for cyclic AMP. Basal enzyme activity in pulmonary arteries did not change with hypoxia, whereas in systemic arteries it increased 3.5- and 5.3-fold following 3 and 7 days of hypoxia, respectively. GTP-stimulated activity in pulmonary arteries also did not change, but in systemic arteries it increased 7.1- and 5.5-fold. Isoproterenol-stimulated activity in pulmonary arteries was decreased to 49% of control-stimulated activity following 3 days but was similar to control-stimulated activity after 7 days of hypoxia; in systemic arteries it increased 5.6- and 4.6-fold. Sodium fluoride-stimulated activity in pulmonary arteries was unchanged, whereas in systemic arteries it increased 3.8- and 5.3-fold. In contrast, forskolin-stimulated activity, which also was not altered in pulmonary arteries, was increased by only 85% and 71% in systemic arteries. beta-Adrenergic receptors were studied with [125I]iodocyanopindolol. Seven days of hypoxia decreased receptor density by 37% and 57% in the pulmonary and systemic arteries, respectively. Receptor affinity for agonists was not altered. Thus, despite downregulation of beta-adrenergic receptors in both artery types, prolonged hypoxia has no sustained effect on adenylate cyclase activity in pulmonary arteries, whereas enzyme activity in systemic arteries is markedly increased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Attachment patterns of homeless youth: Choices of stress and confusion
Authors: Min Ju Kang, Michael Glassman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract This commentary explores the reproductive strategies and attachment patterns among homeless youths. Del Giudice's integrated evolutionary model is applied to a homeless youth population that must function in ecological settings of constant high risk and stress. Different reproductive needs result in different patterns of high-risk behaviors. Intervention considering the sex differences, life history, and early caregiver–child relationships is suggested.
Comparison of Midregional Pro-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide With N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Predicting Survival in Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Stephan von Haehling, Ewa A. Jankowska, Nils G. Morgenthaler, Corrado Vassanelli, Luisa Zanolla, Piotr Rozentryt, Gerasimos S. Filippatos, Wolfram Doehner, Friedrich Koehler, Jana Papassotiriou, Dimitrios T. Kremastinos, Waldemar Banasiak, Joachim Struck, Piotr Ponikowski, Andreas Bergmann, Stefan D. Anker
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Group Health Surveys in a Diagnostic Center
Authors: Robert P. McCombs, John J. Finn
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THERE should be no conflict between the activities of individually practicing family physicians and those of highly organized medical centers with full-time staffs. Both have special spheres in which they can contribute most in the total picture of medical care. The medical center depends for the referral of patients upon physicians in private practice, to whose care they are returned after completion of diagnostic studies or special therapy. One area in which the medical center is particularly well adapted to carry out expeditiously a function that would be difficult in private practice is the performance of mass health surveys sponsored . . .
US eases its restrictions on prescription drugs from Canada
Authors: Barbara Kermode-Scott
Journal: BMJ (2006)

The US government has eased restrictions on its citizens importing prescribed drugs from outside the country, after intensive lobbying by patients' groups demanding access to lower cost prescription drugs from Canada.

Although it is still illegal generally to import drugs from Canada or any other country into the United States, US consumers who buy small quantities of prescription drugs in person, through the internet or by mail order, for their personal use will no longer have to worry about their drugs being seized at the …
Is choice working for patients in the English NHS?
Authors: G. Bevan
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Auditors identify difficulties with the programme of system reform 

A recent report from the Audit Commission and the Healthcare Commission, Is the Treatment Working? , examines the success of the government’s programme for system reform of the NHS in England, promulgated in 2000 and 2002.1 2 3 The report, which includes evaluation of four important innovations—the creation of foundation trusts, greater NHS use of the independent sector, provision of more choice for patients, and payment by results—finds little hard evidence of benefits. 

In most developed countries, healthcare systems have three main goals—to control total costs, to achieve equity in access by need, and to achieve excellence in performance (short waiting times, satisfied patients, and good outcomes).The economic logic is that—to achieve these three goals—we need three economic instruments. Since 1976, the NHS has successfully controlled costs with a cash limited budget and sought equity by distributing funds to populations in relation to their needs. The problem has been with improving the performance of providers. Before 1991, the NHS had a hierarchical integrated model, in which the same organisations were responsible for meeting the needs …