tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Immaterial to Diagnosis
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1975)

We know that chivalry is of the past, but what about gallantry? Does it still find a place in modern society? Women's liberation has opened our eyes to the sinister implications of what men always thought to be gallant acts and words. They sense condescension, even disdain, in a man's exaggerated courtesy, oversolicitous attentiveness, and ornate compliments. They resent being looked upon as "pleasure objects." This resentment is reflected in a recent comment by Cherill M. Parmentier-Perera.<sup>1</sup>"Should a female," she queries, referring to a previous article, "be reported as 'attractive' on physical examination?... the adjective is immaterial to diagnosis." And she goes on to say, tongue in cheek: "Perhaps, the letter on page 858 of the same issue should be appended to read 'a 52-year-old handsome male school bus driver.' " "Handsome," however, is not the exact male counterpart to "attractive." The former appeals to aesthetic sensibilities, the latter
Levodopa aids certain movement disorders
Authors: Elizabeth Rasche González
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Levodopa is finding some unorthodox neurological uses. First came reports that the agent can improve tardive dyskinesia. This was initially observed in patients who had stopped taking neuroleptic medications by Murray Alpert, PhD, professor and director of psychology, and Arnold J. Friedhoff, MD, professor and director of the Milhauser Laboratories, Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine. At a recent New York City symposium on experimental therapeutics of movement disorders, these investigators reported that levodopa also improves tardive dyskinesia in about 50% of patients who<i>continue</i>to take neuroleptics. At first the patients show worsening of their dyskinetic movements; they improve after the dopamine agonist is withdrawn. Now Ira Shoulson, MD, has found that levodopa, given in low doses, can benefit patients with coexisting residual tardive dyskinesia and residual druginduced parkinsonism. Shoulson, who is associate professor of neurology and medicine at the University of Rochester (NY) School of
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C with recombinant interferon alfa-2b for nine months.
Authors: R Perez, R Pravia, A Linares, M Gonzalez, M Rodriguez, J L Lombrana, S Riestra, A Suarez, L Rodrigo
Journal: Gut (1993)

This randomised, controlled trial was designed to assess the response to a nine month course of interferon (IFN) alfa-2b, starting with a higher than usual dose. Forty eight patients received IFN 5 million units (MU) three times a week for eight weeks followed by 3 MU three times weekly for seven months; 25 patients in the control group received no treatment. The overall response to treatment was 68.7%, an improvement over other studies, but the high rate of relapse (85% in patients who responded) suggested that a nine month treatment period was insufficient in most cases. Histological improvement was seen in more than 80% of responders to interferon, including a reduction in inflammatory activity, necrosis, and fibrosis.
Respiratory viruses and exacerbations of asthma in adults.
Authors: K G Nicholson, J Kent, D C Ireland
Journal: BMJ (1993)

Detection of intracellular DNA triggers activation of the stimulator of IFN genes–dependent IFN-stimulatory DNA (ISD) pathway, which is essential for antiviral immune responses. However, chronic activation of this pathway is implicated in autoimmunity. Mutations in <i>TREX1</i>, a 3′ repair exonuclease that degrades cytosolic DNA, cause Aicardi–Goutières syndrome and chilblain lupus. <i>Trex1</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice develop lethal, IFN-driven autoimmune disease that is dependent on activation of the ISD pathway, but the DNA sensors that detect the endogenous DNA that accumulates in <i>Trex1</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice have not been defined. Multiple DNA sensors have been proposed to activate the ISD pathway, including cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS). In this study, we show that <i>Trex1</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice lacking cGAS are completely protected from lethality, exhibit dramatically reduced tissue inflammation, and fail to develop autoantibodies. These findings implicate cGAS as a key driver of autoimmune disease and suggest that cGAS inhibitors may be useful therapeutics for Aicardi–Goutières syndrome and related autoimmune diseases.
Scintigraphic Recognition of Pancreatic Pseudocysts
Authors: FRANK I. JACKSON, BRIAN C. LENTLE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1976)

Scintigraphic findings in two patients with pancreatic pseudocysts are discussed. In both patients a photon-deficient area in the region of the pseudocyst was found in both the 75Se-selenomethionine and 99mTc-pertechnetate scintiscans. In one patient aortic displacement by the mass was suggested. The 99mTc-pertechnetate scans afforded readier recognition of photon-deficient areas by virtue of the greater photon flux.
Health Insurance and Mortality
Authors: Peter Franks
Journal: JAMA (1993)

To examine the relationship between lacking health insurance and the risk of subsequent mortality.Adults older than 25 years who reported they were uninsured or privately insured in the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a representative cohort of the US population, were followed prospectively from initial interview in 1971 through 1975 until 1987.Complete baseline and follow-up information was obtained on 4694 (91%) persons of the 5161 who reported not receiving publicly funded insurance at baseline.The relationship between insurance status and subsequent mortality was examined using Cox proportional hazards survival analysis. The analysis adjusted for gender, race, and baseline age, education, income, employment status, the presence of morbidity on examination, self-rated health, smoking status, leisure exercise, alcohol consumption, and obesity. The effects of interactions between insurance and all other baseline variables were also examined.By the end of the follow-up period, 9.6% of the insured and 18.4% of the uninsured had died. After adjustment for all other baseline variables, the hazard ratio for lacking insurance was 1.25 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.00 to 1.55). The effect of insurance on mortality was comparable to that of education, income, and self-rated health. There were no statistically significant (P < .05) interactions.Lacking health insurance is associated with an increased risk of subsequent mortality, an effect that is evident in all sociodemographic health insurance and mortality groups examined.
Acute Ischemic Stroke&lt;break /&gt; Stroke Prevention and Recovery: The Ultimate Video Guide
Authors: Ian B. Ross
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Leptospirosis in the United States
Authors: Clark W. Heath, Aaron D. Alexander, Mildred M. Galton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

Laboratory Data Isolation of leptospires. Leptospires were isolated in 14 cases (Table 1). In 12 of these cases specific serotypes were determined: icterohaemorrhagiae in 6, canicola in 3, and pomona,71 mini georgia50 and alexi72 in 1 each. In 4 cases leptospires were isolated from the blood and in 2, from the urine alone73 and in 1 case each, from blood and urine, blood and intraocular fluid72 and blood, urine and cerebrospinal fluid. The source of the isolates was not recorded in the remaining 5 cases. Four of the 14 isolates were made in cases acquired by laboratory accident.21,22 Infecting serotype. . . .
How to Take Notes on Lectures.
Authors: Edward Jackson.
Journal: JAMA (1904)

Denver, Aug. 4, 1904. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The note-book in the hands of the student comes down to us from the days when medical books were few and costly. In the Alumni Register of the University of Pennsylvania for June is the account of the expenses of a medical student of one hundred years ago. Among the items in this account we find: "Bell's Anatomy, $22;" "Chaptal's Chemistry, neatly bound, $5.75," and "Barton's Elements of Botany, $6.00." But in this day, when almost every teacher has his own text-book or volume of published lectures, the student no longer needs to provide his medical library for future reference as he sits listening to lecture or clinic. The library so provided, judged by modern standards, is sure to be a very poor one. But although the note-books when finished may be worthless, a certain amount of advantage may be gained in the
The Prognosis in Gastric Ulcer Treated Conservatively
Authors: Benjamin M. Banks, Louis Zetzel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1953)

THERE is general agreement that the management of a gastric ulcer is a more exacting task than that of a duodenal ulcer because of the implications of carcinoma masquerading as an innocent gastric ulcer or arising as a complication. The controversial question of carcinomatous degeneration of a benign gastric ulcer versus the theory of ulcerating carcinoma in situ as advocated by Mallory1 is not discussed in this paper. The more immediate concern is the fact thac approximately 10 per cent of gastric ulcers are discovered sooner or later to be cancerous.2 3 4 In an attempt to attack so grave a lesion . . .
Variation in Prices for Common Medical Tests and Procedures
Authors: Lisa Aliferis
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Immunoinhibition of ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation.
Authors: R L Nachman, E A Jaffe, B B Weksler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1977)

Human platelets washed and fixed in paraformaldehyde aggregate in the presence of the antibiotic ristocetin and normal plasma. This aggregation response is abolished after digestion of the fixed platelets with chymotrypsin. Antisera to fixed washed platelets were produced in rabbits and absorbed with chymotrypsin-treated, fixed washed platelets. Monovalent Fab fragments obtained from the isolated gamma-globulin fractions of the antisera blocked ristocetin-induced aggregation of fixed washed platelets in buffer and normal platelets in platelet-rich plasma. By double-antibody immunoprecipitation, it was shown that the antibody which blocked the ristocetin reaction interacted with a platelet membrane surface protein of mol wt 155,000. The results suggest that the glycoprotein I complex on the surface of the human platelet mediates ristocetin-induced von Willebrand factor-dependent platelet aggregation.
Case 22-1968
Authors: David H. Alpers, Wallace H. Clark
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1968)

Presentation of Case First admission. A fifty-one-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of persistent diarrhea.Three years before admission, while the patient was working in an ice factory, there was the onset of Raynaud's phenomenon affecting the fingers, and a few months later she began to experience arthralgias of the elbows, wrists and knees, without swelling or deformity. A year and a half before entry she was admitted to another hospital because of pleurisy with a pleural effusion; several weeks thereafter she became dyspneic, cardiomegaly was observed, and congestive heart failure developed. With digitalis and diuretics the dyspnea . . .
Possible Teratogenic Hyperthermia and Marathon Running
Authors: Carl F. Schaefer
Journal: JAMA (1979)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article by John D. Cantwell, MD (240:1409, 1978), extolled the many benefits of running. I would like to add a note of caution for women runners; namely, that marathon running may pose a teratogenic risk during early pregnancy. This warning seems warranted on the basis of the following evidence: First, marathon runners experience sustained increases of core temperature into the "high fever" range.<sup>1,2</sup>Second, recent studies<sup>3-5</sup>have shown an association between birth defects and episodes of maternal hyperthermia. Because the first half of gestation is apparently the period of greatest risk for hyperthermia-induced birth defects,<sup>4</sup>a substantial number of women may already have trained for and run the marathon during this critical period, either because they were unaware of or unhindered by their pregnancy. A study of the outcomes of such pregnancies might be informative in regard to the relationship between high maternal
CpG-containing immunostimulatory DNA sequences elicit TNF-α–dependent toxicity in rodents but not in humans
Authors: John D. Campbell, Yan Cho, Martyn L. Foster, Holger Kanzler, Melissa A. Kachura, Jeremy A. Lum, Marianne J. Ratcliffe, Atul Sathe, Andrew J. Leishman, Ash Bahl, Mark McHale, Robert L. Coffman, Edith M. Hessel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2009)

CpG-containing immunostimulatory DNA sequences (ISS), which signal through TLR9, are being developed as a therapy for allergic indications and have proven to be safe and well tolerated in humans when administrated via the pulmonary route. In contrast, ISS inhalation has unexplained toxicity in rodents, which express TLR9 in monocyte/macrophage lineage cells as well as in plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) and B cells, the principal TLR9-expressing cells in humans. We therefore investigated the mechanisms underlying this rodent-specific toxicity and its implications for humans. Mice responded to intranasally administered 1018 ISS, a representative B class ISS, with strictly TLR9-dependent toxicity, including lung inflammation and weight loss, that was fully reversible and pDC and B cell independent. Knockout mouse experiments demonstrated that ISS-induced toxicity was critically dependent on TNF-α, with IFN-α required for TNF-α induction. In contrast, human PBMCs, human alveolar macrophages, and airway-derived cells from Ascaris suum–allergic cynomolgus monkeys did not produce appreciable TNF-α in vitro in response to ISS stimulation. Moreover, sputum of allergic humans exposed to inhaled ISS demonstrated induction of IFN-inducible genes but minimal TNF-α induction. These data demonstrate that ISS induce rodent-specific TNF-α–dependent toxicity that is absent in humans and reflective of differential TLR9 expression patterns in rodents versus humans.
Transfers from prisons to local psychiatric hospitals under section 72 of the 1959 Mental Health Act.
Authors: G Robertson, T C Gibbens
Journal: BMJ (1980)

in fig 1 represents the total number of orders made under section 72 since 1961, the first full year of the Act's operation, and the dramatic decline in the number of orders is accounted for by admission to local hospitals rather than to special hospitals. The most pronounced decrease in orders has taken place since 1966, and between 1975 and 1977; no more than 25 people have been transferred from prison and other Home Office establish ments to local hospitals in England in any one year. This compares with an average transfer figure of 116 during the first five years of the Act. The average number of people admitted to local hospitals as being insane after conviction between 1949 and 1959 was 122, and indeed the number of people being transferred from prisons to local hospitals varied little between 1949 and 1966. If judged only by the criterion of hospital ad missions the 1959 Act has not benefited the mentally ill prisoner.
THE PRESENT STATUS OF THE URIC ACID QUESTION.
Authors: WALTER BAUMGARTEN
Journal: JAMA (1904)

The work of recent years on uric acid metabolism has completely set aside the theory once universally accepted that in mammals uric acid is a product of the metabolism of all proteids, and an intermediary product in the formation of the end product urea. The acceptance of this theory rested on the comparison of proteid metabolism in mammals with that in birds and reptiles, and on the apparent parallelism between the excretion of uric acid and urea. In 1887 Mares<sup>1</sup>studied the hourly excretion of uric acid and urea after rich proteid meals, and found that the uric acid excretion reaches its maximum and returns to a permanent level four or five hours before the urea reaches its maximum. Evidence has gradually accumulated to show that uric acid is an intermediary product of a group of proteids which form only a small part of the total proteid material of the
Studies in Intravascular Coagulation
Authors: Stanford Wessler, Jonathan D. Ballon, Jay H. Katz, Carol Ho, Helen Silver
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

ALTHOUGH much is known of the sequential biochemistry of blood coagulation, the mechanisms that may initiate the thrombotic process have not been significantly clarified since Virchow's day. Virchow postulated that thrombosis was caused by vascular injury, circulatory stasis and hypercoagulability of the blood. In animals experimental evidence has been obtained that thrombosis may be induced by a state of hypercoagulability combined with stasis in vessels free of intimal damage.1 It has been postulated in man that hypercoagulability (defined as an increased tendency of circulating blood to clot) may, in some patients, be attributable to an alteration, as yet unrecognized, in . . .
Cost to National Health Service of social outcasts with organic disease.
Authors: N J Cooke, I W Grant
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The hospital medical records of a patient with chronic lung disease and intractable social problems have been analysed. Multiple admissions resulted in the patient spending nearly three years out of seven and a quarter years in Edinburgh hospitals and in the performance of repeated and ofter unnecessary medical investigations. Such patients are a source of considerable uneconomic expense to the National Health Service, but at present it is difficult to see how their medical and social demands can be met in any other way.
Pathologist in Sally Clark case wins appeal against removal from government register
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

The pathologist for the prosecution in the Sally Clark murder case, who failed to disclose results of microbiological tests on her second baby, has won an appeal against his removal from the UK Home Office register of forensic pathologists.

An appeal panel of three people, headed by a retired appeal court judge, Sir Paul Kennedy, held that the ruling by a home office disciplinary tribunal in 2005 removing Alan Williams from the register was “unreasonable” ( BMJ 2005;331:1355 doi: 10.1136/bmj.331.7529.1355-a).

He was “a competent pathologist who made one serious …
Abstract 4119: Association of plasma hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 with gefitinib resistance in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ji-Youn Han, Jin Young Kim, Soo-Hyun Lee, Geon Kook Lee, Jin Soo Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Purpose: It has been suggested that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-3 are associated with gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We investigated the predictive and prognostic roles of these proteins in NSCLC patients treated with gefitinib. Methods: Of 106 patients enrolled in the randomized phase II study of gefitinib, 97 had plasma samples available for ELISA testing. Of these samples, seven and eight, respectively, had HGF and IGFBP-3 values that could not be measured. Therefore, the correlations between clinical outcomes and plasma levels of HGF and IGFBP-3 were evaluated in 90 and 89 patients, respectively. Results: Plasma HGF levels were significantly higher in older patients, male patients, patients with squamous cell carcinoma, current smokers, and patients with EGFR wild-type tumors. Low HGF levels were significantly associated with higher response rate (RR), and longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) irrespective of EGFR mutation status. In a multivariate analysis, the presence of EGFR mutations (HR, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.73; P=0.002) and low HGF levels (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.95; P=0.031) were independently predictive of longer PFS, and an ECOG PS of 0 (HR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.57-5.54; P=0.001) and low HGF levels (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.22-0.72; P=0.002) were independently predictive of longer OS. No statistically significant differences were found for IGFBP-3. Conclusion: High HGF levels are significantly associated with resistance to gefitinib and can be used as a predictive marker for the differential outcome of gefitinib treatment in NSCLC irrespective of EGFR mutation status. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4119. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4119
Malignant Lymphoma Presenting as Kaposi's Sarcoma in a Homosexual Man with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Authors: STUART E. LIND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

A homosexual man had Kaposi's sarcoma of the skin and lymph nodes. After a brief response to interferon, the patient developed new skin lesions. Massive bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract prompted endoscopy, which showed tumor involvement of the stomach, believed to be Kaposi's sarcoma. At autopsy, a diffuse lymphoma was found involving the skin and gastrointestinal tract, forming collision tumors in regions that contained Kaposi's sarcoma. Lymphomatous tissue, but not uninvolved lymph node or spleen, contained Epstein-Barr virus DNA, as shown by DNA hybridization studies. Epstein-Barr virus may play a role in the development of lymphoma in immunosuppressed patients. Unusual manifestations of tumors, such as the massive gastrointestinal bleeding seen in this case, may indicate the development of a second neoplasm.