tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Combined With Regional Hyperthermia Predicts Long-Term Survival for Adult Patients With Retroperitoneal and Visceral High-Risk Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Clemens-M. Wendtner, Sultan Abdel-Rahman, Matthäus Krych, Jens Baumert, Lars H. Lindner, Andrea Baur, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Rolf D. Issels
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2002)

PURPOSE: To determine the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with regional hyperthermia (RHT) for local tumor control and overall survival (OS) in adult patients with retroperitoneal or visceral (RP/V) high-risk soft tissue sarcomas (HR-STS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1991 to 1997, 58 patients with HR-STS at RP/V sites were prospectively treated with four cycles of etoposide, ifosfamide, and doxorubicin combined with RHT followed by surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation. RESULTS: Objective response rate assessable in 40 patients was 13% (five partial responses). Including minor responses (n = 8), the radiographic response rate was 33%. The pathologic response rate assessable in 26 patients after surgical resection was 42%. Median OS was 31 months. At a median observation time of 74 months, 5-year probability of local failure-free survival (LFFS), distant metastasis-free survival, event-free survival, and OS were 25%, 51%, 20%, and 32%, respectively. Averaged minimum temperatures (T min ) and time-averaged temperatures achieved in 50% (T 50 ) and 90% (T 90 ) of all measured tumor sites differed significantly between responders and nonresponders (T min , 39.3°C v 38.0°C; P = .002; T 50 , 40.9°C v 40.3°C; P = .038; T 90 , 40.1°C v 39.3°C; P = .017). At 5-year follow-up, probability of LFFS (59% v 0%; P &lt; .001) and OS (60% v 10%; P &lt; .001) was significantly in favor of patients responding to neoadjuvant thermochemotherapy. CONCLUSION: Response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with RHT is predictive for an improved local tumor control resulting in a long-term survival benefit for patients with HR-STS at unfavorable RP/V sites; however, the impact of RHT has to be defined in a randomized phase III trial.
THE CLINICAL HISTORY AND RECOGNITION OF TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS.
Authors: HENRY KOPLIK
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The symptomatology of tuberculous meningitis when well inaugurated is certainly characteristic and can offer very few difficulties to those who have followed any number of these cases through an illness. There has always been, however, a desire on the part of clinicians to recognize the disease in its incipient stage, or as the books call it, the first stage of the disease. So important a matter is this to the practitioner that the consultant is often confronted in his daily work with the important problem as to whether a certain symptom complex can definitely be said to be indicative of tuberculous meningitis. There was a discussion of this matter in a meeting of the Pediatric Society in 1890. At this time stress was laid on the fact that the early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis was not only difficult, but in some cases well nigh impossible. Such symptoms as persistent vomiting,
P3-228: Clinical utility of gene expression levels of ribonucleotide reductase subunit M1 (RRM1), tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase (Tdp1), nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and BubR1 mRNA expression in completely resected chemonaive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (p)
Authors: Ewa Jassem, Imane Chaib, Marcin Skrzypski, Rafael Rosell, Miquel Taron, Amelia Szymanowska, Witold Rzyman, Grazyna Kobierska-Gulida, Jacek Jassem
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
The interaction between factor H and VWF increases factor H cofactor activity and regulates VWF prothrombotic status
Authors: Julie Rayes, Lubka T. Roumenina, Jordan D. Dimitrov, Yohann Repessé, Mathieu Ing, Olivier Christophe, T. Sakari Jokiranta, Lise Halbwachs-Mecarelli, Annie Borel-Derlon, Srinivas V. Kaveri, Véronique Frémeaux-Bacchi, Sébastien Lacroix-Desmazes
Journal: Blood (2013)
Cardiac growth and angiogenesis coordinated by intertissue interactions
Authors: Kenneth Walsh, Ichiro Shiojima
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Cardiac hypertrophy and angiogenesis are coordinately regulated during physiological or adaptive cardiac growth, and disruption of the balanced growth and angiogenesis leads to contractile dysfunction and heart failure. Coordination of growth and angiogenesis is in part mediated by the secretion of angiogenic growth factors from myocytes in response to hypertrophic stimuli, which enables the vasculature to "catch up" to the growth of the myocardium. In this issue of the JCI, two studies provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of cardiac growth and coronary angiogenesis. Heineke et al. demonstrate that GATA4 acts as a stress-responsive transcription factor in murine cardiac myocytes that induces the expression of angiogenic growth factors (see the related article beginning on page 3198). Tirziu et al. show that enhanced coronary angiogenesis per se leads to hypertrophic growth of myocytes through a nitric oxide–dependent mechanism (see the related article beginning on page 3188). These studies, together with previous reports, suggest the existence of reciprocal signals between the myocardium and the vasculature that promote the growth of each other in a paracrine fashion.
Rapid Expansion of the Health Workforce in Response to the HIV Epidemic
Authors: Badara Samb, Francesca Celletti, Joan Holloway, Wim Van Damme, Kevin M. De Cock, Mark Dybul
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

The authors describe the global shortage of health care workers and the inadequate personnel available to care for patients with HIV infection. They review evidence showing the benefits of delegating tasks to less specialized workers (task shifting) and promote the expanded use of such services in countries with inadequate supplies of doctors and nurses.
Clinical Lecture on Blows on the Eye-Ball, Attended with Rupture or Laceration; and Disturbance of the Contained Parts
Authors: H. Walton
Journal: BMJ (1860)

demonstrated the last in a great number of cases; and some.times they form a "' visible white deposit", such as Dr. Bird described.It is a pity that the name " oraanic globule" has been usedl at all, for certainly several widely different sub- stances answer to the characters given to it.The so-called "large organic globules", or " exudation-corpuscles", have been shown to consist of an aggregation of fat-globules, such as is found in cases of fatty degeneration of the kidney.I have therefore thought it better, in order to avoid confusion, not to emplov the term in these lectures.(See Lecture Lx; also The Alicroscope in Medicine, 2nd ed., p. 326.)If the practitioner should meet with objects whose nature he cannot ascertain, he should at once make careful drawings, and take notes of the case in which they occurred.The importance of being familiar with the appearances of all the extraneous substances likely to be met with has been already referred to.[To be continued.
Self-fusion of the ALL 1 Gene
Authors: Steven A. Schichman
Journal: JAMA (1995)

LEUKEMIA is a clonal malignancy of blood cells that usually involves the myeloid or lymphoid lineages. The origin of leukemia, like other forms of cancer, lies in gene defects that alter the normal programs of cellular differentiation, proliferation, or apoptosis. Using chromosomal rearrangements as a guidepost to the location of genes involved in hematologic malignancy, researchers have identified and molecularly characterized many leukemia genes during the last decade.<sup>1</sup>These studies have revealed some common genetic mechanisms for leukemogenesis, provided molecular tools for leukemia diagnosis and monitoring, and identified potential targets for a new generation of leukemia therapies. One of the most significant of these genetic findings involves the<i>ALL1</i>gene, which participates in acute leukemias in 5% to 10% of children and adults. Like other leukemia genes,<i>ALL1</i>was discovered by its association with well-characterized chromosomal rearrangements. However, we have recently found that the<i>ALL1</i>gene also participates in
Intensive chemotherapy with idarubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with secondary and therapy-related acute myelogenous leukemia
Authors: C Gardin, P Chaibi, T de Revel, P Rousselot, P Turlure, JM Micléa, G Nédellec, H Dombret
Journal: Leukemia (1997)
Seven years before centennial of first US traffic death, toll already has reached nearly 2.8 million
Authors: P. Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1992)

IT IS nearly 93 years since the epidemic apparently began in its present form.  The epidemic is traffic violence. And, while people had been killed or injured in chariot, carriage, wagon, or other traffic before then, today's motorized mayhem is believed to have begun September 13, 1899.  First Motor Vehicle Victim  That was the day that Henry H. Bliss, a 68-year-old real estate broker, stepped from a streetcar in New York, NY, and was struck by an automobile ( JAMA . 1971;217:1461). He died shortly thereafter—apparently the first of an estimated (by the US Department of Transportation) 2 734 000 persons in the United States who have died of injuries received in traffic since then.  Annual medical charges for people hospitalized in the United States because of traffic-related injuries totaled nearly $6.5 billion in 1990, the latest year for which estimates are available, says the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which is
Indian court restricts the sale of acid to try to curb attacks on women
Authors: M. Kay
Journal: BMJ (2013)

A woman died of injuries sustained during an acid attack just two days after the Indian Supreme Court issued directives to restrict the sale of acid in the open market.

On 18 July the Supreme Court directed the States and Union Territories to frame rules to regulate the sale of acids and other corrosive substances within three months and make acid attacks a non-bailable offence.

A bench headed by Justice RM Lodha said that acid should be sold only to people aged 18 years or above who have a valid identity …
Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Vitreous Fluid of Patients With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Other Retinal Disorders
Authors: Yoshiya Katsura, Tadashi Okano, Masayuki Noritake, Hiroshi Kosano, Hideo Nishigori, Seijiro Kado, Takeshi Matsuoka
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

OBJECTIVE To determine whether hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is elevated in the vitreous fluid of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Vitreous fluid samples were obtained at the time of vitreoretinal surgery from 73 eyes of PDR patients and from 17 eyes of nondiabetic patients (control subjects) who had macular hole, rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, or epiretinal membrane (9, 4, and 4 eyes, respectively) but no associated proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Stages of PDR were classified as active or quiescent. Concentrations of HGF and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in vitreous fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Intravitreous concentrations of HGF (median [range]) were significantly higher in diabetic patients with PDR (6.00 ng/ml [0.75−22.2]) than in control patients (2.86 ng/ml [0.75−5.80]). Intravitreous concentrations of VEGF were also higher in diabetic patients with PDR (1.62 ng/ml [0.15−7.9]) than in control patients (0.16 ng/ml [0.16−0.29]). Both VEGF and HGF concentrations were significantly higher in patients with active retinopathy than in those with quiescent retinopathy. However, vitreous concentrations of HGF were unrelated to those of VEGF CONCLUSIONS We found that levels of HGF in vitreous fluid of PDR patients are significantly higher than in nondiabetic patients and that the levels of HGF are elevated in the active PDR stage. This suggests that HGF stimulates or perpetuates neovascularization in PDR.
TREATMENT OF SEPTIC CONDITIONS IN CHILDREN.
Authors: EDWIN ROSENTHAL
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The presence of streptococcus pyogenes as a complication or sequel to many of the diseases of infancy or childhood exerts an influence on the course, duration or character of the disease so far as to give rise to new symptoms, utterly at variance with the initial malady. and significant of a dangerous, if not a fatal, result. As an independent affection the streptococci or the staphylococci are found so very frequently that they have given distinctive diseases. Under the name "septicemia" is presented that complex disease which has for its origin the entrance of either of these microbes into the circulation, and by it is understood a poisoned blood. The term was originally employed by Koch for a condition of microbic blood infection, in which the microbes multiply in the blood, and cause a rapidly fatal disease. The true name of this infection might be termed "strepto-infection" or "strepto-septicemia," or
Exaggerated and persistent cutaneous delayed-type hypersensitivity in transgenic mice whose epidermal keratinocytes constitutively express B7-1 antigen.
Authors: A Nasir, B Ferbel, W Salminen, R K Barth, A A Gaspari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

Since mouse keratinocytes are tolerogenic antigen presenting cells for T cell activation, the expression of second signal molecules such as B7-1 was targeted to epidermal keratinocytes (KC) in vivo in transgenic mice. The expression vector used to create transgenic mice consisted of a keratin 14 promoter fused 5' to the full length open reading frame of the cDNA encoding mouse B7-1 (between 10 and 30 copies of the transgene per genome). Expression of B7-1 cell surface protein was assessed by in situ immunostaining of cryostat sections of tail skin with CTLA-4/Ig fusion protein, revealing high levels of cell surface expression of B7 by all epidermal KC of transgenic mice, and a lack of such expression in nontransgenic animals. The skin of such transgenic mice (derived from three different founder mice) was grossly and histologically normal, with normal numbers of Langerhans cells and dendritic epidermal T cells. Immunologic challenge of transgenic mice with epicutaneous haptens such as fluorescein isothiocyanate revealed enhanced and persistent delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, with an altered kinetics of resolution when compared with nontransgenic controls. These data indicate that in normal, nontransgenic mice, tolerogenic antigen presentation by KC plays an important physiologic role in damping T cell-mediated inflammation in the skin by competing with professional APC for TCR occupancy in antigen specific T-lymphocytes that migrate into the epidermis. This also implies that altered regulation of B7-1 gene expression by epidermal cells may account for skin "hyperresponsiveness" encountered in some chronic dermatologic disorders.
America's New Refugees — Seeking Affordable Surgery Offshore
Authors: Arnold Milstein, Mark Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

The mainstream media have begun to highlight the plight of some new refugees: seriously ill Americans who receive treatment at advanced private hospitals in low-income countries. These patients are not “medical tourists” seeking low-cost aesthetic enhancement. They are middle-income Americans evading impoverishment by expensive, medically necessary operations, as health care services are increasingly included in international economic trade.1 At a recent Senate hearing, two stories were recounted that illustrated the physical and financial perils driving patients to pursue care abroad.2 In the first story, Howard Staab, a self-employed, uninsured, middle-aged carpenter from urban North Carolina who considered health insurance premiums . . .
Low-energy transvenous ablation of the canine atrioventricular conduction system with a suction electrode catheter.
Authors: S Saksena, P P Tarjan, S Bharati, B Boveja, D Cohen, T Joubert, M Lev
Journal: Circulation (1987)

A single suction electrode catheter was used for His bundle electrogram recording. His bundle pacing, and low-energy (20 or 30 J) His bundle ablation in seven dogs. The suction electrode catheter was actively fixed to the atrial endocardium at the His bundle level. Electrophysiologic studies were performed in the control state, immediately after, and late (greater than 40 days) after His bundle ablation and results were correlated with histologic findings in the conduction system. Unipolar His bundle recording and pacing were successfully performed in all dogs with the suction electrode catheter before and after ablation. Complete heart block developed after a single 20 J shock delivered via the suction electrode catheter in all dogs immediately, but reverted to 1:1 atrioventricular conduction with first-degree atrioventricular block in two dogs in which one or two additional shocks (20 or 30 J) produced complete heart block. Mean ablation energy per shock was 22 +/- 4 J. The mean total delivered energy per dog was 31 +/- 20 J. Late electrophysiologic study in all dogs showed persistent complete heart block in five dogs and paroxysmal second-degree or third-degree atrioventricular block in two dogs. Gross examination of the ablation site showed a white plaque above the medial tricuspid leaflet (1.4 to 2.0 cm long and 0.4 to 0.6 cm wide). Microscopically, fibrosis of the penetrating and branching His bundle was seen in all dogs, with minimal atrioventricular node and atrial involvement. Significant proximal right bundle branch fibrosis was observed in the two dogs receiving one or two additional shocks. We conclude that the suction electrode catheter permits repeated His bundle recording, pacing, and ablation with a single catheter. Permanent and safe low-energy ablation of the canine His bundle is feasible. Focal injury localized to the target area in the conduction system can be obtained.
Helping disabled people--the user's view.
Authors: P Swain
Journal: BMJ (1993)

The main needs for most people with physical disabilities are housing and help with daily living. Thus, many of them will find the new emphasis on social aspects of community care particularly relevant. Peter Swain is a disabled man who leads a project in east Devon which ensures that disabled people have a voice in helping to shape the services they need. In this article he explains how the project, Living Options East Devon, works and how the new legislation for community care might affect disabled people.
Molecular Predictors of Survival after Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Colon Cancer
Authors: Toshiaki Watanabe, Tsung-Teh Wu, Paul J. Catalano, Takashi Ueki, Robert Satriano, Daniel G. Haller, Al B. Benson, Stanley R. Hamilton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival among patients with stage III colon cancer, but no reliable molecular predictors of outcome have been identified.
1031–34 Differential Effect of Bisoprolol on Heart Rate Variability According to Heart Rate in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Xavier Copie, Jean-Yves Le Heuzey, Philippe Lechat, Jean-Pierre Boissel, François Pousset, Frédéric Fillette, Willem Remme, Martin Hetzel, Louis Guize, Patrice Jaillon
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Augmented production of heparin-binding mitogenic proteins by preadipocytes from massively obese persons.
Authors: K Teichert-Kuliszewska, B S Hamilton, M Deitel, D A Roncari
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) stimulates the replication of preadipocytes and inhibits their differentiation. In this study we explored whether the same or related polypeptides were produced locally and acted by paracrine/autocrine mechanisms in adipose tissue. Omental preadipocytes from 7 lean and 10 massively obese (> 170% reference) subjects were grown to confluence in subculture. Total RNA was hybridized with a synthetic deoxynucleotide for human bFGF. In the case of all cell strains, there was expression of two major bFGF transcripts, 7.0 and 3.7 kb. Although there was considerable variation in the degree of expression, preadipocytes from massively obese subjects revealed much greater expression than did cells from the lean (P < 0.001). In studies of conditioned media prepared with preadipocytes, the presence of proteins belonging to the heparin-binding (fibroblast) growth factor family was indicated by Western blot analysis, for a 66-kD protein with anti-(1-24)bFGF, and for a 32-kD protein with anti-(40-63)bFGF antibodies. The relative quantity of the 66-kD protein correlated with body mass index at r = 0.72. bFGF-related proteins probably function normally to maintain an appropriate complement of adipocyte precursors. The augmented expression of heparin-binding growth factors in preadipocytes from some massively obese people probably contributes to the excessive cellularity of their fat depots.
AhR-Mediated Effects of Dioxin on Neuronal Acetylcholinesterase Expression <i>in Vitro</i>
Authors: Heidi Qunhui Xie, Hai-Ming Xu, Hua-Ling Fu, Qin Hu, Wen-Jing Tian, Xin-Hui Pei, Bin Zhao
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2013)

Deficits in cognitive functioning have been reported in humans exposed to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. Evidence suggests that dioxins induce cholinergic dysfunction mediated by hypothyroidism. However, little is known about direct effects of dioxins on the cholinergic system.We investigated the action of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), a key enzyme in cholinergic neurotransmission.We used SK-N-SH human-derived neuronal cells to evaluate the effect of dioxin exposure on AChE.We consistently found a significant decrease in enzymatic activity of AChE in cultured neurons treated with TCDD. We also found that, unlike organophosphate pesticides that directly act on the catalytic center of AChE, the suppressive effect of dioxin was through transcriptional regulation. The addition of CH223191, an inhibitor of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-dependent pathway, counteracted the TCDD-induced suppression of AChE, suggesting involvement of the AhR-dependent pathway. The existence of putative dioxin-responsive element (DRE) consensus sequences in the human ACHE promoter region further supported this hypothesis. Consistent with the absence of DRE elements in mouse or rat ACHE promoter regions, suppression of AChE by TCDD did not occur in rat neuronal cells, indicating a potential species-specific effect.In SK-N-SH cells, dioxin suppressed the activity of neuronal AChE via AhR-mediated transcriptional down-regulation. This is the first study to report direct interference by dioxin with the cholinergic neurotransmission system.
E-type prostaglandins: a new emergency therapy for certain cyanotic congenital heart malformations.
Authors: P M Olley, F Coceani, E Bodach
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) has been used to maintain patency of the ductus arteriosus in four neonates with cyanotic congenital heart disease due to obstructive right heart malformations. PGE2 was infused prior to surgery, and in three patients, during surgery until a satisfactory aorto-pulmonary shunt was established. PGE2 produced consistently an immediate and persistent rise in arterial oxygen saturation, which could be ascribed to dilation of the ductus arteriosus. No major side effects occurred, except for pyrexia in two infants. All patients recovered well from surgery. We propose this treatment as preparation for surgery in any infant with congenital heart defects and ductus-dependent pulmonary blood flow. The same treatment may be useful preoperatively in patients with aortic interruption who also depend on continued patency of the ductus for blood supply to the lower half of the body.