tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ROMA (registry omalizumab in Malaga): Study of 84 patients
Authors: Monica Martin-Rebollo, Alicia Padilla Galo, Miranda-Paez Alfonso, Levy-Naon Alberto
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Purpose:  Our objective is to describe the patients profile and the results observed in the patients treated with omalizumab in the three main hospitals of Malaga.   Methods:  Retrospective study of clinical records. All the patients including are adult with not controlled severe allergic asthma condition. A data base has been created using software SPSS 15.0.   Results:  84 patients were included (70% women), with an average age of 51 years and FEV 1  64.7±18%. The 100% of the patients had some exarcebations and 20% needed hospitalization in the previous year. 9 patients were steroids-dependents. The average time of treatment is of 10.3 months with a mean dose of 306mg/month. When comparing the parameters of control and quality of life (ACT and MINI-AQLQ) and pulmonary function parameters before the treatment and 16 weeks after treatment, we found statistically significant differences (SSD). Also found SSD in the reduction of inhaled and oral steroids, number of exarcebations and hospitalizations.   Conclusions:  Omalizumab is able to improve the pulmonary function, the control of the asthma and health-related quality of life, decreasing the number of hospitalization and exarcebations, and reducing the use of corticoids (oral and inhaled).
Dementia associated with scleromyxoedema reversed by high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin
Authors: B. Shergill, C.H. Orteu, S.R. McBride, M.H.A. Rustin
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2005)

Scleromyxoedema is a rare skin disease, characterized by deposition of acid mucopolysaccharides in the dermis. Although the disease primarily affects the skin, cardiovascular, renal and rheumatological manifestations have been described. In addition to these noncutaneous manifestations, about 15% of patients have central neurological symptoms such as psychosis, convulsions and encephalopathy. Successful therapy is difficult but high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been reported to be a successful treatment. We describe a patient with scleromyxoedema who presented with novel central nervous system manifestations of chronic cognitive impairment and dementia (Folstein Mini Mental State test score 8/30), which improved within a week after treatment with high-dose IVIg, with full restoration (Folstein Mini Mental State test score 27/30) at 2 months.
Mechanisms of Epinephrine-induced Glucose Intolerance in Normal Humans
Authors: Luigi Saccà, Carlo Vigorito, Marco Cicala, Biagio Ungaro, Robert S. Sherwin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

To evaluate the role of the splanchnic bed in epinephrine-induced glucose intolerance, we selectively assessed the components of net splanchnic glucose balance, i.e., splanchnic glucose uptake and hepatic glucose production, and peripheral glucose uptake by combining infusion of [3-3H]glucose with hepatic vein catheterization. Normal humans received a 90-min infusion of either glucose alone (6.5 mg/kg−1 per min−1) or epinephrine plus glucose at two dose levels: (a) in amounts that simulated the hyperglycemia seen with glucose alone (3.0 mg/kg−1 per min−1); and (b) in amounts identical to the control study. During infusion of glucose alone, blood glucose rose twofold, insulin levels and net posthepatic insulin release increased three- to fourfold, and net splanchnic glucose output switched from a net output (1.65±0.12 mg/kg−1 per min−1) to a net uptake (1.56±0.18). This was due to a 90-95% fall (P < 0.001) in hepatic glucose production and a 100% rise (P < 0.001) in splanchnic glucose uptake (from 0.86±0.14 to 1.71±0.12 mg/kg−1 per min−1), which in the basal state amounted to 30-35% of total glucose uptake. Peripheral glucose uptake rose by 170-185% (P < 0.001). When epinephrine was combined with the lower glucose dose, blood glucose, insulin release, and hepatic blood flow were no different from values observed with glucose alone. However, hepatic glucose production fell only 40-45% (P < 0.05 vs. glucose alone) and, most importantly, the rise in splanchnic glucose uptake was totally blocked. As a result, splanchnic glucose clearance fell by 50% (P < 0.05), and net splanchnic glucose uptake did not occur. The rise in peripheral glucose uptake was also reduced by 50-60% (P < 0.001). When epinephrine was added to the same dose of glucose used in the control study, blood glucose rose twofold higher (P < 0.001). The initial rise in splanchnic glucose uptake was totally prevented; however, beyond 30 min, splanchnic glucose uptake increased, reaching levels seen in the control study when severe hyperglycemia occurred. Splanchnic glucose clearance, nevertheless, remained suppressed throughout the entire study (40%-50%, P < 0.01).
Guideline Adherence and Identifying Cost Effective Medication
Authors: Amer Khan, Syed Azhar Sulaiman, Azmi Ahmad Hassali, Fahad Saleem, Ahsan Aftab, Irfhan Ali
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective: To evaluate doctors' adherence to asthma guideline (GINA 2011) on management and treatment of chronic asthma in respiratory clinic at Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia and to calculate cost of adhered and non-adhered prescription.

Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at respiratory clinic of Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. Prescriptions written by 6 doctors to 180 established asthma patients, a total of 30 prescriptions per doctor were noted on 1st visit along with patient demographic and clinical data. Prescription written were categorised as “adhered” or “non-adhered” to CPG (GINA 2011). Difference in lung function values was noted on 2nd visit for all 180 patients and was compared from their previous visit. Cost of adhered and non adhered prescription was calculated and compared. SPSS 20 was used for data analysis.

Results: One hundred and forty three patients (79%) received guideline (GINA 2011) adhered pharmacotherapy. No significant association was observed among patient demographics and guideline adherence by doctors. One hundred and thirty three (73.9%) patient asthma was categorised as “partial controlled”. Patient gender had a significant positive moderate association with asthma control (p=0.015, phi=0.21). Statistically, a significant difference in patient lung function values was observed after patient 2nd visit (p<0.001). Average cost of adhered prescription was higher (RM. 70.1) then non-adhered prescription (RM.13.74).

Conclusion:Majority of patients received guideline adhered pharmacotherapy indicating good guideline adherence by respiratory clinic doctors. However, identifying cost effective guideline adhered pharmacotherapy can significantly reduce asthma burden.
Occupational contact urticaria: lessons from the French National Network for Occupational Disease Vigilance and Prevention (RNV3P)
Authors: L. Bensefa-Colas, M. Telle-Lamberton, S. Faye, J.-L. Bourrain, M.-N. Crépy, G. Lasfargues, D. Choudat, I. Momas
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Occupational contact urticaria (OCU) is an occupational contact dermatitis that can cause serious health consequences and disability at work. To describe OCU and its temporal trends by the main causal agents and activity sectors in a nationwide scheme in France. Using data from the French National Network for Occupational Disease Vigilance and Prevention (RNV3P), we described OCU reported during the period 2001–10 and analysed the temporal trends of OCU and OCU attributed to the most frequent agents over the study period. Trends analyses were supported by reporting odds ratios using a logistic regression model with reference to 2001, or with time as a continuous variable. During the study period, 251 cases of OCU were reported in RNV3P, half of which were due to natural rubber latex, in particular in the health and social work activity sector (HSW). The number of these cases declined significantly over the study period (19% per year), and particularly after 2006. Conversely, the other causes of OCU did not decrease. Using surveillance data from a French national network, this study has found that there was a significant decline in OCU due to natural rubber latex, particularly in the HSW, when powdered latex gloves were banned from French hospitals. Our results show the effectiveness of this preventive measure, and suggest that this practice should be extended to other sectors.
Differential Expression of bcl-2 Family Proteins in Bladder Carcinomas
Authors: Penelope Korkolopoulou, Andreas Ch. Lazaris, Anastasia-E. Konstantinidou, Nikolaos Kavantzas, Efstratios Patsouris, Panayota Christodoulou, Euphemia Thomas-Tsagli, Panagiotis Davaris
Journal: European Urology (2002)
University of Washington High-Dose Cyclophosphamide, Mitoxantrone, and Etoposide Experience in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Unexpected Cardiac Toxicity
Authors: Julie R. Gralow, Robert B. Livingston
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

Article Tools SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.18.3903 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 11559728 University of Washington High-Dose Cyclophosphamide, Mitoxantrone, and Etoposide Experience in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Unexpected Cardiac Toxicity Julie R. GralowxJulie R. GralowSearch for articles by this author , Robert B. LivingstonxRobert B. LivingstonSearch for articles by this author Show More University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2001.19.18.3903 Full Text PDF Figures and Tables "University of Washington High-Dose Cyclophosphamide, Mitoxantrone, and Etoposide Experience in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Unexpected Cardiac Toxicity." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 19(18), pp. 3903–3904© 2001 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Clonal Evolution in a Human Neuroblastoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Madelyn Kleiner Feder, Fred Gilbert
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

Tumor samples, obtained from a single patient at two points in his illness, have enabled us to study clonal evolution in a neuroblastoma. Cells from the primary tumor demonstrated considerable heterogeneity in terms of chromosome number; cells from 4 subsequent metastases were all nearly diploid; and cells from a tumor produced in a mouse by the injection of cells from the primary tumor were hypotriploid in modal number. All of the tumor samples contained the same marker chromosome rearrangements, indicating their origin from a common precursor. Each of the cell lines analyzed (including those from the patient's metastases, those from the tumor in a mouse, and those from the primary tumor after 11 months in continuous culture) also contained different and distinguishing chromosome abnormalities. The differences in karyotype among these tumor samples and cell lines presumably reflect the different selection pressures at work in each instance.
Time of Appearance of Viral Activity in Red Blood Cells of Mice Infected Naturally or Artificially With Mammary Tumor Virus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R. I. Ritter, S. Nandi
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

The time of appearance of mammary tumor virus (MTV) activity borne by red blood cells (RBC) of naturally and artificially MTV-infected BALB/c mice was studied by use of the nodule assay for MTV detection. The results demonstrated a similar time sequence in the appearance of RBC-borne MTV activity in the two groups of mice.
Generation of a Mouse Model of Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor of the Central Nervous System through Combined Deletion of Snf5 and p53
Authors: Jessica M.Y. Ng, Daniel Martinez, Eric D. Marsh, Zhe Zhang, Eric Rappaport, Mariarita Santi, Tom Curran
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Malignant rhabdoid tumors arise in several anatomic locations and are associated with poor outcomes. In the brain, these tumors are known as atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT). While genetically engineered models for malignant rhabdoid tumors exist, none of them recapitulate AT/RT, for which preclinical models remain lacking. In the majority of AT/RT, LOH occurs at the genetic locus SNF5 (Ini1/BAF47/Smarcb1), which functions as a subunit of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex and a tumor suppressor in familial and sporadic malignant rhabdoid tumors. Therefore, we generated mice in which Snf5 was ablated specifically in nestin-positive and/or glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP)-positive progenitor cells of the developing central nervous system (CNS). Snf5 ablation in nestin-positive cells resulted in early lethality that could not be rescued by loss of p53. However, Snf5 ablation in GFAP-positive cells caused a neurodegenerative phenotype exacerbated by p53 loss. Notably, these double mutants exhibited AT/RT development, associated with an earlier failure in granule neuron migration in the cerebellum, reduced neuronal projections in the hippocampus, degeneration of the corpus callosum, and ataxia and seizures. Gene expression analysis confirmed that the tumors that arose in Snf5/p53 mutant mice were distinct from other neural tumors and most closely resembled human AT/RT. Our findings uncover a novel role for Snf5 in oligodendrocyte generation and survival, and they offer evidence of the first genetically engineered mouse model for AT/RT in the CNS.
Cow hair sensitisation is uncommon among Danish dairy farmers despite high allergen levels
Authors: Vivi Schlünssen, Ioannis Basinas, Eva Zahradnik, Grethe Elholm, Øyvind Omland, Monika Raulf-Heimsoth, Torben Sigsgaard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Bovine allergens can induce allergic airway diseases. Recently high levels of cow hair allergens (CHA) in dust from stables and homes of dairy farmers were reported (Zahradnik E et al. IAAl 2011;155:225-233).

Objective: To investigate CHA levels among dairy farmers (DF), pig farmers (PF), former farmers (FF) and never farmers (NF) and to assess CHA sensitisation in these groups.

Methods: In 2007-8 415 dust samples were collected using an electrostatic dustfall collector, EDC (Noss I et al. Appl Environ Microbiol 2008;74:5621-7) with a 14 days sampling time among 54 PF, 27 DF, 71 FF and 51 NF. Among farmers sampling was carried out both summer and winter. The cow hair allergen levels (ug/m2) were measured using a sandwich ELISA assay (Zahradnik E et al. IAAl 2011;155:225-233). SPT for cow hair allergens (ALK-Abello ®) were performed among 48 PF, 20 DF, 54 FF and 31 NF.

Results: CHA levels were substantially higher in stables than bedrooms. DF had much higher CHA level compared to PF. FF and NF had low levels of CHA in their bedrooms compared to DF and PF. No one but one PF (former DF) was sensitised to CHA.

View this table:

Table 1. CHA (μg/m2) among DF, PF, FF and NF strat. by summer/winter and stable/bedroom. N, median (min-max)





Conclusion: These results confirm high CHA levels on dairy farms. Despite this no dairy farmers were sensitised to CHA. Selection out of dairy farming might be of importance.
Comparison of terbutaline via the Nebuhaler and salbutamol via the Volumatic: theory and practice
Authors: BJ Chapman, GK Crompton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

The bronchodilating efficacy of terbutaline (250 micrograms.puff) inhaled via the Nebuhaler and salbutamol (100 micrograms.puff) inhaled via the Volumatic has been studied in 30 patients with reversible obstructive airways disease in a randomized crossover study. The salbutamol/Volumatic combination produced significantly greater bronchodilatation than terbutaline/Nebuhaler (one puff, p less than 0.001; eight puffs, p less than 0.01). The findings are discussed with particular reference to the theories of spacer action.
Comparison of a novel molecular assay with touch imprint and permanent histology of sentinel lymph nodes in early-stage breast cancer.
Authors: S. Saha, S. Sirop, B. Chakravarty, D. Wiese, M. Soni, A. Singla, E. Quiachon, W. Liu, A. Ahsan, J. Badin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

642 Background: Current intraoperative assay of the sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) either by touch imprint or frozen section has high false-negative rates. We aimed to study validity of a novel reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay compared to intraoperative touch preps as well as final histology. Methods: Pts with BrCa underwent SLN Mapping (M). Alternate slices of the SLNs were examined for mammoglobin and cytokeratin 19 (CK19) by RT-PCR assay, with the remainder of the SLNs processed and evaluated pathologically with four H&E and one CK immunostain. Results: Seventy-eight pts were studies. Nine (11.5%) DCIS, 57 (73.1%) T1, 11 (14.1%) T2 and 1 (1.3%) had T3 tumor. Overall nodal metastasis was 25% with 4 pts having positive micrometastasis (0.2-2 mm). In the included 69 pts (excluding DCIS), sensitivity of RT-PCR was 81.3% compared to 50% for touch prep. RT-PCR carried a negative predictive value of 94.5% (52/55 pts) compared to 86.8% (53/61) with touch preps. RT-PCR identified one pt with false-positive result leading to a specificity of 92.8% compared to 100% for touch prep. The accuracy was 94.2% for RT-PCR and 88.4% for touch preps. In the 78 pts, there was a total of 171 SLNs, of which 10.5% (18/171) were positive by histology and IHC. Of these 171 SLNs, 130 were examined by touch prep and 124 by RT-PCR. Seven out of 130 SLNs (5.3%) examined by touch prep and 14/124 (11.3%) examined by RT-PCR were positive. Conclusions: Our trial showed that RT-PCR assay is more sensitive and accurate than current intraoperative touch preparation. The incidence of lymph node metastasis was also significantly higher using this technique. Intraoperative RT-PCR compared to intraoperative touch preps after SLNM in breast cancer RT- PCR Touch preps Total # of pts (excluding DCIS) 69 69 # of pts with positive SLNs 14 8 # of pts with true-positive SLNs 13 8 Sensitivity 81.3% (13/16) 50% (8/16) Specificity 92.8% (13/14) 100% (8/8) False-negative rates 18.7% (3/16) 50% (8/16) NPV 94.5% (52/55) 86.8% (53/61) Accuracy 94.2% (13+52)/69 88.4% (8+53)/69 Total # of SLNs examined 124 130 # of positive SLNs 14 (11.3%) 7 (5.3%) Abbreviations: SLNM, sentinel lymph node mapping; RT-PCR, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; NPV, negative predictive value; pts, patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Growth Stimulation of Mouse Leukemia Cells by Thiols and Disulfides &lt;italic&gt;In Vitro&lt;/italic&gt;
Authors: J. D. Broome, M. W. Jeng
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Cells of mouse lymphomas L1210 (V) and P1534 and myeloblastic tumor C1498 were highly dependent for growth in stationary culture on 2-mercaptoethanol, cysteamine, or certain other thiols and disulfides. Survival of normal splenic lymphocytes in vitro was enhanced by 2-mercaptoethanol.
Terbutaline Depot Tablets in Childhood Asthma
Authors: N. Foged, A. Høst, K. Ljungholm
Journal: Allergy (1985)

Thirty children 8–13 years old, with perennial asthma and with a reversibility of ≥ 20 % in lung function (FEV 1 ) were given a sustained‐release preparation of terbutaline sulphate 5 mg twice a day and ordinary tablets 2.5 mg three times a day; each treatment lasted 1 week. The design of the study was double‐blind, cross‐over, with a randomized allocation of the drugs. Both drugs improved the lung function significantly. The children had significantly less coughing during the night when they took depot tablets than when they took ordinary tablets. The side effects were few with both treatments. Most of the patients preferred the depot tablets.
Platelet-activating factor-induced contraction of human isolated bronchus
Authors: PR Johnson, JL Black, CL Armour
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1992)

In recent years, platelet-activating factor (PAF) has been strongly implicated as a mediator involved in asthma. In non-asthmatic subjects, aerosolized PAF has been shown to cause bronchoconstriction. The mechanism of this in vivo effect is unknown. We have previously shown that PAF causes a contraction of human isolated bronchus that varies in magnitude between patients, and within tissues from the same patient. To examine the possibility that this variability in contraction was secondary to PAF-induced release of mediators from inflammatory or epithelial cells within the tissue, we examined the relationship between contractile responses to PAF and the presence of inflammatory or epithelial cells. We studied eight tissues from five patients. Of the eight tissues, four contracted, whilst four failed to contract, to PAF (7 x 10(-7) M). After the contractile response to PAF had been assessed by observing changes in isometric tone in vitro, bronchial rings were examined histologically to enable the quantification of inflammatory cell numbers and intact epithelium. No significant correlation was observed between the magnitude of contractions and numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, plasma cells, total cells or percentage intact epithelium. We conclude that it is unlikely that the variability in response to PAF in human isolated airways is related to the variability in inflammatory cell numbers or to the presence of epithelium. Thus, the contraction induced by PAF is probably not mediated via the release of a secondary mediator from the particular cells examined in this study.
Parasternal electromyography to determine the relationship between patient-ventilator asynchrony and nocturnal gas exchange during home mechanical ventilation set-up
Authors: Michelle Ramsay, Swapna Mandal, Eui-Sik Suh, Joerg Steier, Abdel Douiri, Patrick Brian Murphy, Michael Polkey, Anita Simonds, Nicholas Hart
Journal: Thorax (2015)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Patient-ventilator asynchrony (PVA) can adversely affect the successful initiation of non-invasive home mechanical ventilation (HMV). The aim of this observational study was to quantify the prevalence of PVA during initiation of HMV and to determine the relationship between PVA and nocturnal gas exchange. <h3>Method</h3> Type and frequency of PVA were measured by surface parasternal intercostal muscle electromyography, thoracoabdominal plethysmography and mask pressure during initiation of HMV. Severe PVA was defined, as previously, as asynchrony affecting ≥10% of breaths. <h3>Results</h3> 28 patients (18 male) were enrolled aged 61±15 years and with a body mass index of 35±9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Underlying diagnoses were neuromuscular disease with or without chest wall disease (n=6), obesity related chronic respiratory failure (n=12) and COPD (n=10). PVA was observed in all patients with 79% of patients demonstrating severe PVA. Triggering asynchrony was most frequent, observed in 24% (IQR: 11–36%) of breaths, with ineffective efforts accounting for 16% (IQR: 4–24%). PVA types were similar between disease groups, with the exception of auto-triggering, which was higher in patients with COPD (12% (IQR: 6–26%)). There was no correlation observed between PVA and time spent with oxygen saturations ≤90%, mean oxygen saturations or transcutaneous carbon dioxide levels during overnight ventilation. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Severe PVA was identified in the majority of patients, irrespective of pathophysiological disease state. This was not associated with ineffective ventilation as evidenced by gas exchange.