tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Fever-range thermal stress promotes lymphocyte trafficking across high endothelial venules via an interleukin 6 trans-signaling mechanism
Authors: Qing Chen, Daniel T Fisher, Kristen A Clancy, Jean-Marc M Gauguet, Wan-Chao Wang, Emily Unger, Stefan Rose-John, Ulrich H von Andrian, Heinz Baumann, Sharon S Evans
Journal: Nature Immunology (2006)
Letter: Diabetic pregnancy.
Authors: W P Jackson
Journal: BMJ (1973)

SIR,-We read about the confidentiality of the computer, but I feel we need to look at things much more human before we start on mechanization.I have this morning received a letter from the appointments clerk to a hospital psychiatric outpatient department in which she states that a patient has an appointment to see a psychiatrist and that a note of any treatment she was having would be beneficial.The enclosed envelope is addressed to "The Psychiatric Department."I do not know what my protection society would have to say about this.During the past month I was asked to send to the "organizing secretary" of the local mass radiography unit details of the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of a patient who had had an abnormal miniature radiograph.In this case my protection society was very doubtful that I should disclose this information to a layman.
A Comprehensive Transcriptomic Analysis of Infant and Adult Mouse Ovary
Authors: Linlin Pan, Wei Gong, Yuanyuan Zhou, Xiaonuan Li, Jun Yu, Songnian Hu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2014)

Abstract Ovary development is a complex process involving numerous genes. A well-developed ovary is essential for females to keep fertility and reproduce offspring. In order to gain a better insight into the molecular mechanisms related to the process of mammalian ovary development, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis on ovaries isolated from infant and adult mice by using next-generation sequencing technology (SOLiD). We identified 15,454 and 16,646 transcriptionally active genes at the infant and adult stage, respectively. Among these genes, we also identified 7021 differentially expressed genes. Our analysis suggests that, in general, the adult ovary has a higher level of transcriptomic activity. However, it appears that genes related to primordial follicle development, such as those encoding Figla and Nobox, are more active in the infant ovary, whereas expression of genes vital for follicle development, such as Gdf9, Bmp4 and Bmp15, is upregulated in the adult. These data suggest a dynamic shift in gene expression during ovary development and it is apparent that these changes function to facilitate follicle maturation, when additional functional gene studies are considered. Furthermore, our investigation has also revealed several important functional pathways, such as apoptosis, MAPK and steroid biosynthesis, that appear to be much more active in the adult ovary compared to those of the infant. These findings will provide a solid foundation for future studies on ovary development in mice and other mammals and help to expand our understanding of the complex molecular and cellular events that occur during postnatal ovary development.
DOCK8 deficiency impairs CD8 T cell survival and function in humans and mice
Authors: Katrina L. Randall, Stephanie S.-Y. Chan, Cindy S. Ma, Ivan Fung, Yan Mei, Mehmet Yabas, Andy Tan, Peter D. Arkwright, Wafaa Al Suwairi, Saul Oswaldo Lugo Reyes, Marco A. Yamazaki-Nakashimada, Maria de la Luz Garcia-Cruz, Joanne M. Smart, Capucine Picard, Satoshi Okada, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Teresa Lambe, Richard J. Cornall, Sarah Russell, Jane Oliaro, Stuart G. Tangye, Edward M. Bertram, Christopher C. Goodnow
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

In humans, DOCK8 immunodeficiency syndrome is characterized by severe cutaneous viral infections. Thus, CD8 T cell function may be compromised in the absence of DOCK8. In this study, by analyzing mutant mice and humans, we demonstrate a critical, intrinsic role for DOCK8 in peripheral CD8 T cell survival and function. DOCK8 mutation selectively diminished the abundance of circulating naive CD8 T cells in both species, and in DOCK8-deficient humans, most CD8 T cells displayed an exhausted CD45RA+CCR7− phenotype. Analyses in mice revealed the CD8 T cell abnormalities to be cell autonomous and primarily postthymic. DOCK8 mutant naive CD8 T cells had a shorter lifespan and, upon encounter with antigen on dendritic cells, exhibited poor LFA-1 synaptic polarization and a delay in the first cell division. Although DOCK8 mutant T cells underwent near-normal primary clonal expansion after primary infection with recombinant influenza virus in vivo, they showed greatly reduced memory cell persistence and recall. These findings highlight a key role for DOCK8 in the survival and function of human and mouse CD8 T cells.
Right-Sided Endocarditis with Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Charles A. Kennedy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

Letters and Corrections15 March 1989Right-Sided Endocarditis with Staphylococcus aureusCharles A. Kennedy, MDCharles A. Kennedy, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-110-6-496_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editor:Chambers and colleagues ( 1 ) reported a bacteriologic cure in 47 of 50 (94%) patients with right-sided staphylococcal endocarditis who were treated with nafcillin and tobramycin for 2 weeks. In 127 intravenous drug users, 140 episodes of staphylococcal bacteremia were prospectively evaluated. Seventy cases of bacteremia and suspected endocarditis were excluded from the study by well-defined criteria, including patients' refusal to consent, an allergy to the study drugs, formation of a metastatic abscess, renal insufficiency, the presence of a methicillin-resistant organism, left-sided endocarditis, and pregnancy. Seventeen patients had findings considered for criteria exclusion after the institution...Reference1. ChambersMillerNewman HRM. Right-sided staphylococcus endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers: two-week combination therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:619-24. LinkGoogle Scholar1. ChambersMillerNewman HRM. Right-sided Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers: two-week combination therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:619-24. LinkGoogle Scholar1. GarrisonFreedman PL. Experimental endocarditis: I. Staphylococcal endocarditis in rabbits resulting from placement of a polyethylene catheter in the right side of the heart. Yale J Biol Med. 1970;42:394-410. MedlineGoogle Scholar2. ChambersKorzeniowskiSande HOM. Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis: clinical manifestations in addicts and nonaddicts. Medicine (Baltimore). 1983;62:170-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. AbramsSklaverHoffmanGreenman BATR. Single or combination therapy of staphylococcal endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers. Ann Intern Med. 1979;90:789-91. LinkGoogle Scholar4. ParkerFossieck RB. Intravenous followed by oral antimicrobial therapy for staphylococcal endocarditis. Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:832-4. LinkGoogle Scholar5. ChambersMillerNewman HTM. Right-sided Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers: two-week combination therapy. Ann Intern Med. 1988;109:619-24. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByCommentary: Infective endocarditis: Finding the right time for the right side 15 March 1989Volume 110, Issue 6Page: 496-498KeywordsAbscessesAddictsAllergy and immunologyBacteremiaDrugsEndocarditisPregnancyStaphylococcus aureus Issue Published: 15 March 1989 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Radionuclide Imaging in Forme Fruste of Melorheostosis
Authors: MICHAEL E. SPIETH, ADAM GREENSPAN, D M FORRESTER, AZIZULLAH N. ANSARI, ROBYN L. KIMURA, MICHAEL E. SIEGEL
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1994)

Scintigraphy was instrumental in two histologically proven cases of forme fruste melorheostosis. Radionuclide bone scans demonstrated a moderately increased uptake of radiopharmaceutical localized to the “flowing” cortical hyperostosis of melorheostosis observed radiographically. The medullary portion of the affected bones showed no increase in tracer activity. In one case, imaging with TI-201 chloride demonstrated increased focal activity of the lesion. These scintigraphic findings can help distinguish the mildest manifestation (forme fruste) of melorheostosis from the well-ossified lesions of myositis ossificans and parosteal or periosteal osteosarcoma. The findings of MRI are also described in one patient.
Nutrition and Physical Activity: Health Information Sources in EU Member States, and Activities in the Commission, WHO, and European Networks
Authors: Judy A. Driskell
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 5550: Ingenol mebutate induces an early and inflammatory wound healing response in a human <i>in vitro</i> 3-D skin model
Authors: Thomas Litman, Maria H. Høyer-Hansen, John R. Zibert
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Ingenol mebutate (IM, ingenol-3-angelate, PEP005) is a promising new agent for topical treatment of actinic keratosis (AK), a pre-malignant condition that if left untreated can develop into squamous cell carcinoma. A dual mechanism of action of IM has been suggested; this involves direct lesional cell death and PKC activation dependent, immune modulatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the mode of action of IM. We have previously compared IM's penetration through normal skin to a 3-D reconstructed human skin (RHS) model (EpiDermFT™, MatTek). A 10-fold higher permeability was found in RHS, which likely reflects the increased permeability of AK lesions. Therefore, we studied the effects of 0.05% IM gel in this model at different time points (0.5, 6, 24, and 96 h). The response parameters measured included cytotoxicity (MTT assay), cytokine secretion, as well as global transcriptomic profiling (Affymetrix GeneChip® Human Gene 1.0 ST arrays). Multivariate analysis, including principal component analysis, unsupervised hierarchical clustering, and gene ontology enrichment, revealed that the major effects of IM comprised: cell death, inflammation and a wound healing response. This was indicated by differential expression of e.g. CASP14, HAS2, several MMPs, SERPINs, ILs, and CCL20. We also observed regulation of many skin-specific genes, related both to epidermis development, such as keratinocyte differentiation, and to fibroblasts in dermis, reflecting the nature of the RHS. Furthermore, a transcription factor binding site (TFBS) analysis suggested ERK2 and PKC as relevant targets for IM. This is in accord with the drug's transient immune modulatory effect. Indeed, a specific, inflammatory response was observed already after 30 min treatment, and several genes, including MMP10 and IL1R2, displayed a time-dependent increase in expression, reaching a maximum at 24h returning to normal at 96h. A sustained effect was observed for more than 300 genes, most of which were down-regulated following IM treatment. In conclusion, IM displays pleiotropic effects, of which many are regulated on a transcriptional level. Our data suggest transient activation of in particular PKC and ERK2, with a link to cytokine release and wound healing response. The inflammatory reaction may subsequently contribute to the cell death observed after 24h treatment with IM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5550. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-5550
Suppression of giardiasis during the intestinal phase of trichinosis in the mouse.
Authors: I C Roberts-Thomson, D I Grove, D P Stevens, K S Warren
Journal: Gut (1976)

The interaction of the intestinal phases of Giardia muris and Trichinella spiralis was investigated in Swiss albino mice. Intraoesophageal inoculation of G. muris cysts seven days before, or seven days after, similar inoculation of T. spiralis larvae resulted in significant reduction in the numbers of Giardia trophozoites in small bowel and Giardia cysts in stools. This effect was not observed when G. muris cysts were administered after resolution of the intestinal phase of trichinosis. Giardiasis had no effect on trichinosis as assessed by numbers of adult worms in small bowel and larvae in skeletal muscles. Studies of small bowel morphology showed that the intestinal phase of trichinosis was associated with increased numbers of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria, a significant increase in Paneth cells in crypts, and a marked reduction in the villus:crypt ratio of jejunum. These observations suggest that the intestinal phase of trichinosis induced environmental changes in small bowel, perhaps related to inflammation, which resulted in suppression of proliferation of Giardia trophozoites.
Resumption of imatinib to control metastatic or unresectable gastrointestinal stromal tumours after failure of imatinib and sunitinib (RIGHT): a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Authors: Yoon-Koo Kang, Min-Hee Ryu, Changhoon Yoo, Baek-Yeol Ryoo, Hyun Jin Kim, Jong Jin Lee, Byung-Ho Nam, Nikhil Ramaiya, Jyothi Jagannathan, George D Demetri
Journal: The Lancet Oncology (2013)
Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease: an international multicentre scoring system.
Authors: S E Clamp, J Myren, I A Bouchier, G Watkinson, F T de Dombal
Journal: BMJ (1982)

Inflammatory bowel disease is being studied by the World Organisation of Gastroenterology (OMGE) Research Committee in a survey (currently) affecting 1696 patients presenting to 30 hospitals in 16 countries. A computer-aided diagnostic prediction system (when tested in 1056 patients) showed an accuracy of match between computer prediction and clinical diagnosis in 94% of these patients. Most centres, however, do not possess appropriate computing facilities. A simple diagnostic "scoring system", based on likelihood ratios, has therefore been developed, using a series of numbers set out on a single sheet of paper. The overall accuracy of the simple scoring system in the same 1056 patients was equivalent (93%) to the computer-aided system. In a further series of 510 "new" patients from eight fresh centres the diagnostic scoring system made a firm prediction in 490 cases (96%). Where made, the accuracy of match between the scoring system prediction and clinical diagnosis was 96%. It is suggested that this simple system, which requires no analytical resource and could be used by any gastroenterologist, might be of some value in clinical research and clinical practice.
Wheat bran affects the site of fermentation of resistant starch and luminal indexes related to colon cancer risk: a study in pigs
Authors: M J A P Govers, N J Gannon, F R Dunshea, P R Gibson, J G Muir
Journal: Gut (1999)

Recent studies suggest that resistant starch (effective in producing butyrate and lowering possibly toxic ammonia) is rapidly fermented in the proximal colon; the distal colon especially would, however, benefit from these properties of resistant starch.To determine whether wheat bran (a rich source of insoluble non-starch polysaccharides), known to hasten gastrointestinal transit, could carry resistant starch through to the distal colon and thus shift its site of fermentation.Twenty four pigs were fed four human type diets: a control diet, or control diet supplemented with resistant starch, wheat bran, or both. Intestinal contents and faeces were collected after two weeks.Without wheat bran, resistant starch was rapidly fermented in the caecum and proximal colon. Supplementation with wheat bran inhibited the caecal fermentation of resistant starch, resulting in an almost twofold increase (from 12.9 (2.5) to 20.5 (2.1) g/day, p<0.05) in resistant starch being fermented between the proximal colon and faeces. This resulted in higher butyrate (133%, p<0.05) and lower ammonia (81%, p<0.05) concentrations in the distal colonic regions.Wheat bran can shift the fermentation of resistant starch further distally, thereby improving the luminal conditions in the distal colonic regions where tumours most commonly occur. Therefore, the combined consumption of resistant starch and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides may contribute to the dietary modulation of colon cancer risk.
Abstract B2: Supplementation of dietary fish oil induces apoptosis through activation of PPARγ and involves inhibition of angiogenesis in colon cancer
Authors: Shevali Kansal, Anjana K. Negi, Navneet Agnihotri
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Introduction: Eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) enriched in fish oil, reduces proliferation and enhances apoptosis relative to n-6 PUFA treated cells. PPARγ, a member of retinoid X receptors (RXR) family, is implicated in the control of cell proliferation and apoptosis. One of the important components of Wnt pathway, β-catenin is also involved in cell proliferation. Hence, the present study was designed to understand the mechanism of action of different ratios of fish oil (FO) and corn oil (CO) in experimentally induced colon carcinoma by estimating the expression of PPARγ, apoptosis, β-catenin and VEGF. Methods: Male wistar rats were divided into following groups- Group I received purified diet while Group II and Group III received modified diet with FO:CO(1:1) and FO:CO(2.5:1) respectively for 4 weeks. After one week of purified diet, all the 3 groups were divided into two subgroups- one received the injection of ethylenediamine-tetra acetic acid intraperitoneally and another received dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH) per week for 4 weeks (20mg/kg body weight). The animals which were killed 48 hours after the last injection constituted initiation phase whereas the remaining were kept on standard pellet diet and sacrificed on completion of 16 weeks constituted post initiation phase. The effect of different ratios of FO:CO was analyzed by estimating the expression of PPARγ in colonocytes; apoptotic/ necrotic cells by immunofluorescence; expression of β-catenin and VEGF by immunohistochemistry. Results: DMH administered animals have shown: No significant alteration in the expression of PPARγ in initiation phase whereas the expression was decreased significantly (p&amp;lt;0.001) in post-initiation phase.Apoptotic cells were increased significant (p&amp;lt;0.01) in the initiation phase whereas apoptotic cells were decreased significant in post-initiation phase (p&amp;lt;0.001).An increased expression of β-catenin and VEGF in both the phases. In comparison to DMH treated animals, treatment with different ratios of FO and CO have shown: A significant (p&amp;lt;0.001) increase in the expression of PPARγ in both the phases. However, the increase was more pronounced with FO+CO(2.5:1).A significant increase in apoptotic cells in both the phases. On treatment with FO+CO(2.5:1), cells undergoing necrosis were significantly increased as compared to FO+CO(1:1).The expression of β-catenin and VEGF were decreased in both the phases with both the ratios. Conclusion: The dose and time dependent chemopreventive effect of FO and CO may be mediated by increasing the expression of PPARγ, apoptosis and by inhibiting β-catenin and VEGF.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE NASOPHARYNGEAL SECRETIONS FROM INFLUENZA PATIENTS
Authors: Peter K. Olitsky, Frederick L. Gates
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

A series of rabbits was subcutaneously injected with three measured doses of killed cultures of two strains of Bacterium pneumosintes derived from the nasopharyngeal secretions of influenza patients. These rabbits were subsequently tested for the development of serum antibodies and for the presence of an induced immunity to the living organisms, with the following results. The serum of eleven of fifteen rabbits, tested from 10 to 27 days after the final subcutaneous injection, specifically agglutinated Bacterium pneumosintes, whereas normal rabbit serum did not. Nineteen vaccinated rabbits were subjected to protection experiments. Two of them were unaffected by an intratracheal injection of Bacterium pneumosintes, contained in the lung tissues of previously infected animals, in a dose which typically affected the control rabbits. Fifteen of the other seventeen proved to be completely resistant when tested by intratracheal injections of Bacterium pneumosintes cultures that produced typical infections in the controls. Ten of these fifteen rabbits were injected intravenously with living cultures of pneumococcus, Streptococcus hamolyticus, or Bacillus pfeifferi in doses which were non-infective under normal conditions, but infective, as experience has shown, in the presence of a primary lesion caused by Bacterium pneumosintes. In none of these animals did infection develop. The two remaining rabbits of the seventeen were not protected against Bacterium pneumosintes by the vaccination, and they further developed a secondary pulmonary infection with Bacillus pfeifferi after its intravenous injection. Control rabbits similarly injected intratracheally with Bacterium pneumosintes, and then intravenously with the pneumococcus, streptococcus, or Bacillus pfeifferi in doses that had proved non-infective for normal rabbits, uniformly developed a secondary infection with these organisms. The mildness of the local reactions and the absence of general signs, following vaccination with Bacterium pneumosintes, indicate that similar injections would be well tolerated in man. There is no evidence that the subcutaneous injection of large doses of the heat-killed organisms reduces the resistance of the animal body to infections with other bacteria. In single rabbit experiments the resistance to intravenously injected pneumococci, streptococci, or Bacillus pfeifferi has been found unreduced immediately after vaccination with Bacterium pneumosintes.