tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 4983: Correlation telomere shortening in chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with oxidative stress and dysregulation of shelterin proteins
Authors: Ganchimeg Ishdorj, Sabine Mai, Yunli Zang, Spencer B. Gibson, James B. Johnston
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Telomeres are important in maintaining the integrity of the chromosomes. A series of shelterin proteins (TRF1, TRF2, RAP1, POT1a and b, TIPP1 and TIN2), are involved in the maintenance and synthesis of telomeres. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), the telomeres are shorter than in normal B cells, with very short telomeres being associated with poor survival. The mechanism for this telomere shortening has been evaluated in the present study. We demonstrated in 150 CLL patients using a Q-RT-PCR assay that the median telomere length was similar in mutated IgVH (Mu-IgVH) cases as in normal B cells, but was significantly shorter in unmutated (Un-IgVH) cases. However, there was considerable variation and overlap in telomere length between the groups. In addition, telomere length was found to shorten in both IgVH mutated and unmutated groups when patients were sequentially followed over years indicating that telomere shortening was an ongoing process. When lymphocytes were stimulated and the telomeres evaluated in metaphase by Q-FISH, telomere length shortening affected all chromosomes equally. To determine if telomere shortening in CLL cells was related to increased free radical formation, we measured plasma lipid peroxidation level (Lipid Hydroperoxide (LPO) assay, Cayman) and DNA breaks (gamma H2AX). As compared to normal B cells, there was increased lipid peroxidation and DNA breaks in both mutated and unmutated CLL cells. When cells were treated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine to scavenge free radicals, there was a decrease in DNA breakage. To assess, whether these changes were associated with alterations of the shelterin complex, protein levels of the shelterins were measured. TRF1 and TRF2 protein levels were increased in all patients compared to normal B cells. TRF2 was also increased in the cytoplasm of CLL cells. Following drug induced apoptosis in CLL cells TRF2 levels decreased but not TRF1 levels. In summary, these studies suggest that the short telomeres in CLL may be related to increased oxidative stress in these cells. TRF1 and TRF2 levels were increased in CLL cells regardless of telomere length suggesting that abnormalities in these proteins may also be involved in telomere shortening. Ongoing studies are evaluating the mechanisms responsible for the shelterin changes in CLL cells and whether altering the levels of these proteins can influence cell death. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4983. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4983
The THAP–zinc finger protein THAP1 regulates endothelial cell proliferation through modulation of pRB/E2F cell-cycle target genes
Authors: Corinne Cayrol, Chrystelle Lacroix, Catherine Mathe, Vincent Ecochard, Michele Ceribelli, Emilie Loreau, Vladimir Lazar, Philippe Dessen, Roberto Mantovani, Luc Aguilar, Jean-Philippe Girard
Journal: Blood (2006)
VASCULAR FLOW RESERVE IMMEDIATELY AFTER INFRAPOPLITEAL INTERVENTION AS A PREDICTOR OF WOUND HEALING IN PATIENTS WITH FOOT TISSUE LOSS
Authors: Masashi Fukunaga, Kenichi Fujii, Kojiro Miki, Hiroto Tamaru, Takahiro Imanaka, Mitsumasa Ohyanagi, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
The medical management of inflammatory bowel disease in primary care: the north bristol experience
Authors: E. A. Arthurs, B. Gholkar, K. Burley, L. Williams, M. Lockett
Journal: Gut (2011)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Evidence suggests that Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) have a chemopreventative effect in reducing rates of CRC in patients with colitis.1 It is recommended that patients should be maintained on a dose of 1.2 g/day.2 Immunomodulators are recommended for steroid refractory disease, but can cause myelosuppression, hence regular blood monitoring is advised.3 The aims are to assess whether patients with colitis in primary care are receiving appropriate chemoprevention with 5-ASAs; to determine whether patients on immunomodulators and biologicals are appropriately monitored and to identify patients on long-term steroids. <h3>Methods</h3> Four GP practices were audited. Patients with IBD were identified from primary care computerised records and verified by paper notes. Data regarding diagnosis, date of symptom onset, disease extent and medication was collected and analysed. Individualised recommendations were made and a detailed report was given to each practice. <h3>Results</h3> 214 patients with IBD were identified from 37 054 patients. 81 (37.9%) patients were taking 5ASA within this group. 96 (44.9%) patients had a diagnosis of colitis; 51 (53.1%) were taking 5-ASA; 42 (19.6%) had unknown extent of disease, and of these 7 (16.7%) were taking a 5-ASA. There was data from two practices regarding dosage and reasons for not taking recommended 5-ASA. Of 24 patients taking 5-ASA for colonic disease, 23 (95.8%) were taking more than or equal to 1.2 g/day. Most common reasons for not taking a 5-ASA were inactive disease/asymptomatic (11; 61.1%), unclear records (4; 22.2%), side effects (1; 5.6%), poor compliance (1; 5.6%), patient choice (1; 5.6%). Of 214 patients, 33 (15.4%) were on immunomodulators, with 24 (72.7%) undergoing appropriate monitoring according to an agreed shared care protocol. 7 patients (21.1%) had blood monitoring 6 monthly; 2 (6.1%) were not undergoing any monitoring. The reasons for lack of monitoring were unclear from records. There were 5 patients (2.3%) on biologicals, and no patients on long term oral steroids for &gt; 3 months for colitis. All patients on immunomodulators and biologicals were under secondary care follow-up. <h3>Conclusion</h3> The use of 5-ASA for chemoprevention in our general practice cohort was suboptimal. The majority of patients with IBD in primary care receiving immunosuppression were receiving appropriate monitoring and secondary care follow-up according to local agreements. There were no patients on long term oral steroids.
The Prognostic Significance of Functional Limitations among Women with Breast Cancer.
Authors: D. Braithwaite, W. Santariano, D. Moore, R. Hiatt, L. Esserman, A. Castillo, B. Sternfeld, M. Melisko, B. Caan
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Background:With the aging of the population, functional limitations are a growing burden among women with breast cancer. The prognostic impact of functional status among breast cancer survivors is not well understood.Methods:A total of 2270 women diagnosed with breast cancer between 1997 and 2000, and followed in the prospective cohort study, Life after Cancer Epidemiology (LACE) were included. Information on functional limitations, health behaviors, anthropometric and demographic factors was self-reported by participants at enrollment. Tumor characteristics, treatment and outcomes were ascertained from medical records.Associations between functional limitations and survival from all causes, breast cancer specific causes and competing causes were analyzed with delayed entry Cox proportional hazards regression.Results:Thirty-nine percent of the cohort reported one or more limitations at study entry. Compared to women without functional limitations (n=1,345), those with one or more limitations (n = 857) were proportionately more likely to be elderly, less educated and more obese (all p&amp;lt;.0001). Over a mean follow-up of 7 years, breast cancer survivors with functional limitations had higher overall crude mortality than their counterparts with no limitations [137 (50.9%) versus 132 (49.1%) respectively, p&amp;lt;.0001]. When covariates were taken into account, the presence of functional limitations was associated with deaths from all causes [hazard ratio (HR)=1.39, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.06-1.83] and those from competing causes (HR=2.60, 95%CI 1.69-3.98) but not with breast cancer specific deaths (HR=.90, 95%CI .71-1.14).Conclusion:More breast cancer cases with functional limitations die of competing causes than of breast cancer. Interventions aimed at regaining physical function should lead to improvements in life expectancy in this population. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2067.
Paraoxonase-1 and clopidogrel efficacy
Authors: Jordi Camps, Jorge Joven, Bharti Mackness, Michael Mackness, Dan Tawfik, Dragomir Draganov, Lucio G Costa, György Paragh, Ildikó Seres, Sven Horke, Richard James, Antonio Hernández, Srinivasa Reddy, Diana Shih, Mohamed Navab, Daniel Rochu, Michael Aviram
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
News About Neuroprotectants for the Treatment of Stroke
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of Asymptomatic Proximal and Distal Gastroesophageal Reflux on Asthma Severity
Authors: Emily DiMango, Janet T. Holbrook, Erin Simpson, Joan Reibman, Joel Richter, Surinder Narula, Nancy Prusakowski, John G. Mastronarde, Robert A. Wise
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2009)

Silent gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is common in patients with asthma, but it is unclear whether GER is associated with worse asthma symptoms or reduced lung function.To determine in patients with poorly controlled asthma, whether proximal or distal esophageal reflux is associated with asthma severity, symptoms, physiology, or functional status.Baseline asthma characteristics were measured in patients with asthma enrolled in a multicenter trial assessing the effectiveness of esomeprazole on asthma control. All participants underwent 24-hour esophageal pH probe monitoring. Lung function, methacholine responsiveness, asthma symptoms, and quality-of-life scores were compared in subjects with and without GER.Of 304 participants with probe recordings, 53% had reflux. Of 242 participants with recordings of proximal pH, 38% had proximal reflux. There was no difference in need for short-acting bronchodilators, nocturnal awakenings, dose of inhaled corticosteroid, use of long-acting beta-agonists, lung function, or methacholine reactivity between individuals with and without proximal or distal GER. Participants with GER reported more use of oral corticosteroids and had worse asthma quality of life and subjects with proximal GER had significantly worse asthma quality of life and health-related quality of life compared with participants without GER.Asymptomatic GER is not associated with distinguishing asthma symptoms or lower lung function in individuals with suboptimal asthma control who are using inhaled corticosteroids. Patients with proximal reflux report significantly worse asthma and health-related quality of life despite lack of physiologic impairment or increase in asthma symptoms. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00069823).
Activation and Entrainment Mapping of Hemodynamically Unstable Ventricular Tachycardia Using a Percutaneous Left Ventricular Assist Device
Authors: Marc A. Miller, Srinivas R. Dukkipati, Alexander J. Mittnacht, Jason S. Chinitz, Lynn Belliveau, Jacob S. Koruth, J. Anthony Gomes, Andre d'Avila, Vivek Y. Reddy
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Germfree Pigs and Bile Peritonitis
Authors: Jacob Fine
Journal: JAMA (1962)

To the Editor:—  In a recent issue ofThe Journal( JAMA  178 :1084 [Dec. 16] 1961), Drs. Landy, Crowdon, and Sandberg describe experiments comparing the response of  pigs and normal pigs exposed to bile  They conclude that germfree pigs are susceptible to bile peritonitis. Presumably they mean that  pigs behave in the same way as normal pigs. They regard this type of experiment as a prototype for determining the role of bacteria in this disorder and in such other disorders as acute pancreatitis, intestinal obstruction, etc. The assumption they make is that the  animal is free of bacteria. But it is not correct if they would also include dead bacteria; for the sterilized food that  animals swallow is heavily contaminated with dead bacteria. Therefore there is a substantial amount of bacterial endotoxin in the gut of the  animal. When bile peritonitis is produced, plasma
The Prevalence of Microvascular Dysfunction, Its Role Among Men, and Links With Adverse Outcomes
Authors: John W. Petersen, Carl J. Pepine
Journal: Circulation (2014)

C onsiderable evidence has accumulated to counter older concepts of a categorical definition of ischemic heart disease as simply the presence or absence of a flow-limiting stenosis.Revised concepts increasingly recognize ischemic heart disease as a continuous spectrum that is not limited to obstructive plaque seen by angiography in an epicardial coronary artery.Included in this spectrum are functional disorders of the large and smaller coronary blood vessels.These smaller vessels, collectively the coronary microcirculation, comprise most of the coronary blood vessels and control the volume and distribution of blood flow to the myocardium.
Randomized controlled trial comparing efficacy and acceptability of split- and standard-dose sodium picosulfate plus magnesium citrate for bowel cleansing prior to colonoscopy
Authors: Gianpiero Manes, Alessandro Repici, Cesare Hassan
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aim:</b> Sodium picosulfate plus magnesium citrate (PMC) is a very effective, safe, and tolerated low-volume preparation for colon cleansing. This study evaluates whether split dosing is associated with a further increase in efficacy and acceptability compared with the standard dosing regimen. <b>Patients and methods:</b> This was a multicenter, randomized, single-blind study. Adult outpatients undergoing colonoscopy received PMC either in the standard dosing (two sachets taken the day before endoscopy) or in split dosing (the second sachet taken on the morning of colonoscopy). Bowel cleansing was assessed using the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) and was rated as adequate when BBPS was ≥ 2 in each segment. Patient acceptance, satisfaction, and related symptoms were recorded. <b>Results:</b> A total of 862 patients were included in the study (577 in the standard group and 285 in the split-dose group). Preparation was adequate in only 69.8 % of patients in the standard group compared with 85.8 % of those in the split-dose group (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). Mean BBPS scores for the whole colon and the right colon were also statistically significantly higher in the split-dose group (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). Both regimens were well tolerated, and only 8.0 % of patients reported discomfort. Compliance was better with the split regimen (0.7 % vs. 7.1 % unable to take 75 % of the preparation; <i>P</i> < 0.0001), and willingness to repeat the preparation was similar. Performing colonoscopy within 6 hours after preparation was associated with better colon cleansing. Other predictors of poor cleansing at multivariate analysis were constipation, obesity, and discomfort during preparation. <b>Conclusions:</b> The split-dose regimen of PMC was superior to the standard regimen in terms of effective colon cleansing and compliance. ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT01909219)
The utility of genome-wide association studies in hepatology
Authors: Tom H. Karlsen, Espen Melum, Andre Franke
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Over the last 4 years, more than 450 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successfully performed in a variety of human traits, of which approximately 2% relates to the field of hepatology. Whereas the many robust susceptibility gene findings have provided insight into fundamental physiological aspects of the phenotypes that have been studied, the widespread application has also revealed important limitations of the GWAS design. This review aims to systematically summarize both the strengths and the weaknesses of GWAS, as well as underscore important experiences made in model diseases outside the field of hepatology. By reviewing the GWAS performed in hepatology so far on this broader background, extensions and guidelines for the rational application of the study design in hepatology are proposed. (Hepatology 2010)
Blood Ferrokinetics in Normal Man*
Authors: Fazle Hosain, George Marsaglia, Clement A. Finch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1967)

The clearance of radioiron from plasma and its appearance in circulating erythrocytes in normal subjects are studied. The importance of correcting for plasma iron fluctuations and for mean body hematocrit is illustrated. The data are analyzed by probability theory to determine relationships between intravascular and extravascular iron. Two refluxes are described, one of about 7 particles of every 100 leaving the plasma, and the second of about 23. The return times of these are about 5 hours and 8 days, respectively.
THE ETIOLOGY AND TREATMENT OF NONPYOGENIC NEPHRITIS (BRIGHT'S DISEASE)
Authors: W. M. Crofton
Journal: BMJ (1922)

NON-PYOGENIC NEPHRITIg.TB muchi oozing.Blood clot could so readily become infected.He preferred drainage by tube to gauze; thle latter was so paiuful when removed.-Dr.CAMPBELL, in reply, maintained that, from the surgeon's po nt of view, a pelvic inflammation was the sanme whatever its source miglht be.He always left bellind as muclh ovarian tissue as -was possible.He had not tried inflating thle tubes with air.He was not at all convinced that his analogy between the tube and the appendix was wrong; both might burst and leak, thus endangering thle patient's life.Thle treatment of tlle acute chronic case differed from that of 4tlh primary acute case, as the adhesions one knew must be present in the chronic case encouraged one to wait. VAGINAL INVOLVEMENT IN CANCEROF THE CERVIX.[Abstract.]Du.ARCHIBALD LEITCH (London) called attention to the liability of cancer of the cervix uteri to extend down the vaginal wall.Pogt-mtortenm examination of several hundreds of cases slhowed that in 97.5 per cent.the vagina was more or les3 extensively involved,; in fact it was the commonest of all the findings at autopsy.Involvement of the parametrium, of the interiliac lymplh glands, and tlle occurrence of lhydronophrosis were indeed less common.His argument was that these naked-eye appearances found post mortem were an indication of the microscopic spread that would be takina place during life.But in addition to such evidence, he had frequently found lymplhatic involvement in operation speci- juens where a vaginal cuff had been removed, and he held tilat VWertheim, in advocating the removal of a portion of the vagina in order to enclcse the septic cervix, had thus un- consciously done a greater sorvice to radical treatm-ent.Sucl vaginal removal, however, was not sufficiently tllorougl.Dr. Leitclh in pursuing these ilnvestigations lhad on some occasions encountered irregular proliferations of the vaginal ilucosa penetrating the underlying tissues, early epitlheliomata in fact, wllich were quite distiuct from lymplhatic spread, and be suggested that these wvere due to tlle same cause, possibly an endouenous irritant, wllich had produiced the original malignant tumour of the cervix.They were later in mani- festing tlhemselves, probably because tlle vaginal epithelium was more resistant to the causal agent.
Impaired cough reflex in patients with recurrent pneumonia
Authors: A Niimi
Journal: Thorax (2003)

A substantial proportion of patients with recurrent pneumonia do not have an apparent underlying condition, but they may have unknown defects in host defence mechanisms such as cough reflex.Capsaicin cough sensitivity was measured in seven patients with recurrent pneumonia but no underlying condition. Recurrent pneumonia was defined as at least two episodes of pneumonia in 1 year, or three or more episodes at any time. After remission of pneumonia, 10 doubling concentrations of capsaicin (1.22-625 microM) were inhaled until five or more coughs were induced (cough threshold). Mucociliary clearance was assessed on the basis of nasal ciliary beat frequency and nasal clearance time. Twenty one age and sex matched healthy subjects were studied as controls.Each patient had 2-6 episodes of pneumonia. Most episodes developed in dependent lung segments, suggesting the involvement of silent aspiration. Log transformed cough threshold was significantly higher in patients than in controls (mean 2.37 M (95% CI 1.84 to 2.90) v 1.29 microM (95% CI 1.11 to 1.47); p<0.0001). The effect of pneumonia per se on cough reflex seemed unlikely since the cough threshold showed little change when re-examined after 3 months. The patients and controls did not differ with respect to the indices of mucociliary clearance.Impaired cough reflex may be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent pneumonia.
Controversies in Treating Diabetes: Clinical and Research Aspects
Authors: Hylton V. Joffe
Journal: JAMA (2009)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal