tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 219: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Vienna 2014
Authors: Markus Keferböck, Philip Datler, Mario Krammel, Elisabeth Lobmeyer, Alexander Nürnberger, Michael Poppe, Patrick Sulzgruber, Raphael Van Tulder, Sebastian Zeiner, Fritz Sterz
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and especially the out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is always an urgent situation, which requires well trained medical personnel. The emergency medical system (EMS) in Vienna took part in the Circulation Improving Care (CIRC) trial form 2008 to 2010. In this time they had an additional training. Therefore we revaluated the outcome of OHCA nowadays. Method: Interim report of a prospective observational study of all humans over eighteen, who suffer an OHCA resuscitated by the EMS in Vienna from August 2013 - April 2014. For those patients, who survived 30 days, a cerebral performance category score (CPC) was evaluated. Results: During nine months 701 patients could be investigated and 625 achieved the protocol for this trial. The median age of the patients was 68 years (IQR 59-79) and 399 (64%) were male. Witnessed by bystanders was the cardiac arrest in 359 (57%) patients. In the latter patients restoration of spontaneous circulation (n=223, 36%)(ROSC) and 30 day survival (n=166, 27%) was significantly more often achieved than in patients with non-witnessed cardiac arrest. Bystanders provided chest compressions in 284 (45%) cases and in this subgroup a shockable initial rhythm was more often (p&lt;0.0001). Still in 189 (53%) of the patients where the cardiac arrest was witnessed, bystander resuscitation wasn′t attempted. An initial shockable rhythm was found in 146 (24%) patients with significant better outcome in all primary outcome measures. Of the 62 (10%) 30-days-survivors, 33 (6%) had good neurological outcome with a CPC 1-2.In 12 (2%) cases the CPC was missing. Conclusion: The results are comparable to findings of our previous studies. A significant better result in all primary outcome measures could be found for witnessed OHCA with an initial shockable rhythm. Furthermore those patients with bystander CPR had significant more often a shockable initial rhythm. Therefore more efforts have to be invested into encouraging the community to start with a bystander CPR if an OHCA is witnessed.
NSC13778 disrupts interactions between transcription factors TFE3, ASPL-TFE3 type 1, and ASPL-TFE3 type 2 and cognate DNA
Authors: Paula M. Krosky, Susan Kenney, David T. Vistica, Dominic A. Scudiero, Robert H. Shoemaker
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4622 

The stibonic acid compound, [NSC13778][1], also know as stibavirin, previously has been reported to inhibit the interaction between transcription factors C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, CREB, Fos/JunD, and VBP and their cognate DNA sequences, HIV nucleocapsid protein p7 and viral RNA, and HIV gp120 and CD4. Now, we report that this compound is a potent inhibitor of the interaction between transcription factors TFE3, Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma (ASPS) associated fusion protein ASPL-TFE3 type 1, and ASPL-TFE3 type 2 and their cognate DNA. A fluorescence polarization assay was developed which measured the ability of compounds to disrupt a preformed complex between purified, recombinant protein and fluorescein-labeled, double-stranded cognate oligonucleotide. While [NSC13778][1] was similarly potent against TFE3 and ASPL-TFE3 type 1 and type 2 in EDTA-containing assay buffer, it was 10-fold more active against ASPL-TFE3 type 1 (39 nM) and ASPL-TFE3 type 2 (28 nM) than against TFE3 (360 nM) when 10 mM MgCl2 was included in the buffer. Moreover, this pattern of relative selectivity was reproduced among a series of analogs of [NSC13778][1] wherein most were more potent against ASPL-TFE3 than against TFE3. [NSC13778][1] was not toxic against FU-UR-1, a renal carcinoma cell line which expresses ASPL-TFE3 or against the B16 mouse melanoma cell line which expresses a high level of TFE3, and studies are ongoing to investigate the effects of 13778 on the expression of selected TFE3-dependent genes.

 [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=GENPEPT&access_num=NSC13778&atom=%2Fcanres%2F66%2F8_Supplement%2F1086.1.atom
Abstract A01: A-803467, a sodium channel blocker, reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR in vitro as well as in vivo
Authors: Nagaraju Anreddy, Priyank Kumar, Atish Patel, Yun-Kai Zhang, Yijun Wang, Rishil Kathawala, John D. Wurpel, Zhe-Sheng Chen
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, isoform 2 protein (ABCG2) is a vital member of the ABC transporter superfamily, which has been involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. Its diverse range of substrates includes many antineoplastic agents such as doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. ABCG2 expression has been significantly increased in some solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, which is correlated to poorer clinical outcomes. In addition, ABCG2 expression is a distinguishing feature of cancer stem cells, whereby this membranous transporter imparts resistance to the chemotherapeutic drugs. To enhance the chemosensitivity of cancer cells, attention has been focused on MDR modulators. In this study, we investigated the ability of sodium channel blocker, A-803467 to reverse ABCG2-mediated MDR. We found that A-803467 at non-toxic concentration could significantly increase the cellular sensitivity to ABCG2 substrates in drug-resistant cells overexpressing either wild-type or mutant ABCG2. Mechanistic studies indicated that A-803467 (7.5 μM) significantly increased the intracellular accumulation resulted from inhibition of the efflux of mitoxantrone by inhibiting the transport activity without altering expression level of ABCG2 protein. Furthermore, ATPase analysis indicates that A-803467 stimulates the ATPase activity in membranes overexpressing ABCG2. in-vivo results indicating that tumor volume was significantly decreased by combination of A-803467 with topotecan when compared to the topotecan and A-803467 alone group. Our findings suggest that A-803467 has the potential to be used in combination with ABCG2 chemotherapeutic substrates to augment the response in drug resistant cancers. Citation Format: Nagaraju Anreddy, Priyank Kumar, Atish Patel, Yun-Kai Zhang, Yijun Wang, Rishil Kathawala, John D. Wurpel, Zhe-Sheng Chen. A-803467, a sodium channel blocker, reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR in vitro as well as in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Drug Sensitivity and Resistance: Improving Cancer Therapy; Jun 18-21, 2014; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2015;21(4 Suppl): Abstract nr A01.
PAROXYSMAL VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA OCCURRING IN THE ABSENCE OF DEMONSTRABLE HEART DISEASE
Authors: Bernard I. Lidman, James M. Lyerly
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1946)

Case Reports1 January 1946PAROXYSMAL VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA OCCURRING IN THE ABSENCE OF DEMONSTRABLE HEART DISEASEBERNARD I. LIDMAN, JAMES M. LYERLYBERNARD I. LIDMANSearch for more papers by this author, JAMES M. LYERLYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-24-1-118 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThis case report of ventricular tachycardia is presented because of its occurrence in the presence of an apparently normal heart and as an example of the gratifying response to quinidine sulfate therapy.Ventricular tachycardia1, 5, 8 is indicative of the existence of serious disease, although in rare instances no cardiac pathologic lesions may be present. Among those factors thought capable of precipitating its onset are: organic heart disease, digitalis intoxication, excessive indulgence in tobacco and alcohol, marked exertion, and overwhelming fatigue.Ventricular fibrillation1, 4, 5, 8has long been regarded as being a terminal state, incompatible with life if effective...Bibliography1. BELLETMCMILLAN STM: Diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, 1940, F. A. Davis Co., Philadelphia, pp. 656, 658. Google Scholar2. FISHBERG AM: Heart failure, 1937, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia, p. 272. Google Scholar3. GRAYBIELWHITE APD: Electrocardiography in practice, 1941, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, p. 58. Google Scholar4. PARDEE HE: Clinical aspects of the electrocardiogram, 1941, Paul B. Hoeber, Inc., New York, pp. 215, 228, 243. Google Scholar5. RAISBECK MC: Personal communication. Google Scholar6. SCHWARTZJEZER : Cited by reference 2. Google Scholar7. WHITE PD: Personal communication. Google Scholar8. WHITE PD: Heart disease, 1941, The Macmillan Co., New York, pp. 624, 659. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication February 7, 1945. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited bySuppression of long-standing incessant ventricular tachycardia by amiodaroneParoxysmal Ventricular Tachycardia in the Absence of Organic Heart Disease Report of a Case and Review of the LiteratureMICHAEL LESCH, M.D., EDMUND LEWIS, M.D., J. O'NEAL HUMPHRIES, M.D., RICHARD S. ROSS, M.D., F.A.C.P.Functional paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia∗BENIGN PAROXYSMAL VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA: REPORT OF A CASE*E. GREY DIMOND, M.D., WILLIAM L. HAYES, M.D.Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia of prolonged durationRetrograde conduction to the auricles in paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia 1 January 1946Volume 24, Issue 1Page: 118-123KeywordsAlcoholismCardiovascular therapyFatigueHeartHeart diseasesIntoxicationLesionsSulfatesVentricular tachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1946 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 8091: Left Ventricular Mechanical Dyssynchrony to Distinguish Hibernating versus Scarred Myocardium in Patients with Cardiomyopathy Undergoing Gated Positron Emission Tomography
Authors: Wael Aljaroudi, M Chadi Alraies, Manuel D Cerqueira, Richard Brunken, Wael A Jaber
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: We sought to determine whether left ventricular (LV) mechanical dyssynchrony can differentiate predominately hibernating versus scarred myocardium in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) on gated positron emission tomography (PET). Methods and Results: Stress/rest rubidium-82 gated PET with 18 FDG scan performed on consecutive patients with ICM and LV ejection fraction (EF) ≤35% were analyzed. Of 254 patients (age 65±11 years, QRS 108±10 ms, and LVEF 25±6), 25 (10%) had normal rest perfusion, and 229 had a fixed resting perfusion defect (77 (34%) with ≥ 50% hibernating defect (82±21% hibernation) (Group 1) and 152 (66%) with &gt;50% scar (8±12% hibernation) (Group2)). Patients in Group 1 had smaller fixed PDS, more ischemia, and similar LVEF and volumes to those in Group 2. Dyssynchrony indices were derived using Corridor 4DM software (figure 1). Phase SD was lowest in patients with normal perfusion, higher in Group 1, and highest in Group 2 (Figure 2). Using ROC analysis, a phase SD ms cut-off of 120 ms had a 75% specificity to distinguish predominately scarred versus hibernating myocardium (AUC 0.60 [0.52-0.68], P=0.015). By linear regression analysis, phase SD≥120 ms (beta =0.13 [95%CI 0.01;0.25]), implantable cardiac defibrillator (0.23 [0.096;0.36]), beta blockers (-0.17[-0.31;-0.025]), fixed PDS (0.046[0.013;0.079] per 10% increase), and reversible PDS (-0.036[-0.067;-0.005] per 10% increase) were independently associated with predicting scar verus hibernation. Conclusion: PET LV dyssynchrony analysis can potentially distinguish predominately hibernating from scarred myocardium.
Abstract P307: The Interaction Between An Individual's Acculturation And Community Factors on Physical Inactivity and Obesity
Authors: Donglan Zhang, Lu Shi, Jeroen v Meijgaard
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Few studies of acculturation examined the interaction between community-level factors (neighborhood median income, ethnic composition, etc.) and individual-level acculturation measures, while an individual’s acculturation status might function through community-level factors to have an impact on his/her health. Methods: We pool the 2005 and 2007 Los Angeles County Health Survey data to construct a multilevel dataset, using zip-code-level median household income and immigrant density (drawn from the United States Census) to aggregate ZIP-codes into larger areas to ensure sufficient sample size in each geographic unit for multilevel analysis. We interact the neighborhood median household income (NMHI) and immigrant density variables with each individual’s linguistic acculturation (i.e., speaking English at home) to examine the interaction’s association with physical inactivity, obesity and hypertension. We include perceived public safety as a covariate to test the hypothesis that perceived public safety mediates the association between acculturation and health outcomes. Results: Linguistic acculturation is a modifier of the relationship between NMHI and physical inactivity, as well as the association between NMHI and obesity outcome. The interaction between higher NMHI and higher linguistic acculturation is negatively associated with physical inactivity and obesity at the individual level (for physical inactivity: OR=.624, 95% CI=.473 - .823; for obesity: OR=.517, 95% CI=.384 - .696). These odds ratios remain significant after we include the individual’s perceived public safety. Discussion: This study shows a possible pathway between acculturation and health outcomes (though no causal conclusions can be drawn): higher-level linguistic acculturation interacts with higher community-level income to generate lower level of physical inactivity and obesity.
Cutaneous large B-cell lymphoma of the leg masquerading as a chronic venous ulcer
Authors: A. Garbea, E. Dippel, R. Hildenbrand, U. Bleyl, D. Schadendorf, S. Goerdt
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2002)

Summary We report on a 74-year-old female patient with a primary cutaneous CD20+, diffuse large cell B-cell lymphoma of the lower leg resembling a chronic non-healing leg ulcer. There was no evidence of systemic involvement on computed tomography (CT) scans of the chest, abdomen and pelvis; a slightly enlarged lymph node in the right groin showed dermatopathic lymphadenopathy on histology and immunohistochemistry. Involvement of the bone marrow and peripheral blood was ruled out by punch biopsy and fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis of the blood, respectively. Therapeutic anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody rituximab was given at 375 mg m−2 i.v. once weekly for 7 weeks, without adverse effects, resulting in a minor improvement in the centre of the ulcerated tumour. Unfortunately, the response was not maintained, and after 7 weeks of treatment the patient started to develop new tumour lesions at the border of the ulcer. Local radiotherapy was started and combined photon and electron beam irradiation induced complete remission of the B-cell lymphoma.
High-throughput oncogene mutation detection in human cancers by mass spectrometry-based genotyping
Authors: Roman K. Thomas, Alissa C. Baker, Ralph DeBiasi, Whei Feng, Thomas LaFramboise, Meng Wang, Jeffrey C. Lee, Richard Nicoletti, Charles Hatton, Liuda Ziagra, Stacey B. Gabriel, Caroline M. Emery, Heidi Greulich, Mark A. Rubin, Massimo Loda, Jonathan Fletcher, Fred J. Kaye, Kenneth C. Anderson, George D. Demetri, Reinhard Dummer, Stephan N. Wagner, Meenhard Herlyn, William R. Sellers, Matthew L. Meyerson, Levi A. Garraway
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

A106   Introduction: Translating tumor genetic information into therapeutic benefit remains hampered by a limited knowledge of critical alterations across the spectrum of human tumors, and the inability to identify these on a large scale in the clinical setting.Experimental Procedures: To begin to address these bottlenecks, we applied high-throughput, mass spectrometry-based genotyping (Sequenom, Inc.) to identify 250 known somatic mutations across 17 oncogenes in human cancer samples and cell lines. We then applied this approach to a panel of nearly 1,000 human tumors spanning 15 histologic types.Results: The oncogene genotyping approach enabled sensitive, rapid, and accurate oncogene mutation detection at a low cost per sample. Notably, mutation detection was largely refractory to stromal contamination, detecting somatic alterations present at a frequency of
William Osler: A Life in Medicine
Authors: Steve Sturdy
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Michael Bliss

Oxford University Press, £27.50, pp 581

ISBN 0 19 512346 8

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When Sir William Osler died in 1919 he was widely judged to have been among the greatest physicians of all time. It is hard to imagine any present day doctor attracting such near universal adulation. Osler's life thus presents the historian with a fascinating problem: what was it that enabled a single figure to loom so large in the professional self consciousness of early 20th century medicine?

In his handsome new biography Michael Bliss portrays Osler as the living embodiment of the ideal 19th century physician. He was vastly knowledgeable in the natural history of disease, and his …

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Legacy of bacterial meningitis in infancy
Authors: K. Grimwood
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Papers p 533 

The global burden of childhood bacterial meningitis is substantial. A systematic review of 36 studies from the world's developing nations estimated that there are 126 000 cases of neonatal meningitis annually, with over 50 000 deaths.1 In these countries the major neonatal pathogens are Gram negative bacilli, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species. A further recent review of almost 30 000 children and adults in 50 studies from 25 African countries found Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b to be the commonest causes of bacterial meningitis, with Neisseria meningitidis ranked third.2 Annually there are 400 000 cases alone of H influenzae b meningitis in the developing world: 80% are in infants, nearly 30% die, and another 30% have major impairments.3 Experience in the developed world suggests that even if mortality can be greatly reduced, the burden of continuing morbidity from meningitis in infancy remains high.

After the introduction of conjugate H influenzae b vaccines the United States has seen a 73% reduction in the incidence of paediatric bacterial meningitis, with fewer than 3000 cases each year.4 A meta-analysis of 1602 prospectively enrolled children with bacterial meningitis from 19 studies in Europe and …
Abstract 65: Evaluating the Role of Continuously Monitoring Regional Cerebral Oxygen Saturation in Predicting the Return of Spontaneous Circulation in Cardiac Arrest Patients: Does the Use of an Electrocardiogram Alone Provide Adequate Information During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation?
Authors: Hitoshi Kano, Tomoyo Saito, Toshihisa Matsui, Akio Endo, Masaki Nagama, Wataru Iwanaga, Kanako Takahashi, Hiroshi Makise
Journal: Circulation (2014)

During CPR as it is currently administered, treatments are selected from an algorithm derived by monitoring with ECG alone. One of the reasons for this is that no other devices are presently thought to be effective in helping to make treatment determinations. Monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation with near infrared light is non-invasive and provides information on brain tissue oxygenation and hemodynamics. The results of our study suggest that measurements derived from continuously monitoring regional cerebral oxygen saturation during CPR can be considered an effective method of predicting the ROSC in cardiac arrest patients. Methods: In 95 patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, the tissue oxygenation index (TOI) was continuously monitored (NIRO-200NX, Hamamatsu Photonics). We investigated the following parameters with respect to whether or not ROSC was achieved: TOI value at the contact of patients (initial TOI); TOI value just before ROSC (pre-ROSC TOI); and the maximum TOI during CPR (maximum TOI). Results: All the patients monitored received treatment with shocks or drugs and the initial TOI was 35.3±7.3%. For 74 patients who did not achieve ROSC, the maximum TOI was 41.0±7.4%, whereas for 21 patients who did achieve ROSC, the pre-ROSC TOI was 51.3±3.6% and the maximum TOI was 64.3±11.4%. ROSC was not achieved in the patients with maximum TOI below 45%. Conclusion: The pre-ROSC TOI was significantly higher than the maximum TOI in the patients who did not achieve ROSC which suggests the possibility of predicting ROSC by monitoring the increase in TOI. In cases where the TOI remains low, there is a possibility that ROSC should not be expected. In such cases, it may be desirable to attempt to improve the quality of CPR to increase the TOI before delivering shocks or administering drugs.
Coffee may lower risk of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Deborah Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Coffee drinkers may have a lower risk of Parkinson's disease than those who don't drink coffee, according to researchers from the Department of Veterans Affairs in Honolulu, Hawaii.

Researchers analysed data on 8004 Japanese-American men who were enrolled in a prospective longitudinal study between 1965 and 1968 (JAMA 2000;283:2674-9). The men, who ranged in age from 45 to 68 years at …
CHARCOT'S INTERMITTENT FEVER OF TWO YEARS' DURATION DUE TO CARCINOMA OF THE AMPULLA OF VATER
Authors: P R VOM EIGEN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1954)

Case Reports1 January 1954CHARCOT'S INTERMITTENT FEVER OF TWO YEARS' DURATION DUE TO CARCINOMA OF THE AMPULLA OF VATERPAUL R. VOM EIGEN, M.D.PAUL R. VOM EIGEN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-40-1-171 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe hepatic intermittent fever of Charcot is due to recurrent biliary obstruction with secondary infection, and is characterized by recurrent attacks of chills, fever and sweats. Jaundice is variable and may deepen after each paroxysm. Abdominal pain, which is sometimes severe and colicky, is frequently absent. As a rule there is no progressive deterioration of health, but, during the intervals between the attacks, the patient is usually asymptomatic and able to carry on his activities without difficulty. Fevers may recur daily or may be separated by intervals of weeks.A stone in the common bile duct or ampulla of Vater...Bibliography1. Osler W: The ball-valve gall stone in the common duct, Lancet 2: 1319-1323 (May 15) 1897. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. Andrews E: Pathological changes of diseased gallbladders, Arch. Surg. 31: 767, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. Christian HA: Principles and practice of medicine, 16th Ed., 1947, Appleton Century Co., New York, p. 771. Google Scholar4. Rothman MM: in Bockus' Gastroenterology, Vol. III, 1944, W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, p. 528. Google Scholar5. SharpeComfort WM: Carcinoma of the papilla of Vater: clinical features in forty cases, Am. J. M. Sc. 202: 238, 1944. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. CattellPyrtle RL: An appraisal of pancreaticoduodenal resection: a follow-up study of sixty-one cases, Ann. Surg. 129: 840, 1949. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. Anderson WA: Pathology, 1948, C. V. Mosby Co., St. Louis, p. 917. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication July 10, 1953.From the Department of Medicine, The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1954Volume 40, Issue 1Page: 171-175KeywordsAbdominal painBile ductsFeversSweat ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 January 1954 PDF downloadLoading ...