tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Epidemic conjunctivitis in Germany, 2004
Authors: A Schrauder, D Altmann, G Laude, H Claus, K Wegner, R Köhler, H Habicht-Thomas, G Krause
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Epidemic conjunctivitis can be associated with viral or bacterial pathogens, whereas epidemic keratoconjunctivitis is caused mainly by adenoviruses type 8,19 and 37. In Germany, the incidence of adenovirus conjunctivitis cases increased from 0.2 per 100 000 inhabitants (in 2001 and 2002) eventually to 0.5 in 2003 and 0.8 in 2004. The detection of adenovirus in conjunctival swabs is notifiable to the local health departments. Data about cases with positive conjunctival swabs are then transmitted to the Robert Koch-Institut. Quality control of data takes place and national surveillance data of confirmed cases with adenovirus conjunctivitis are published. From January to April 2004 the national surveillance system captured an outbreak with 1024 cases (131 laboratory confirmed). Analysis of the national surveillance data showed that in March 2004 the group primarily affected by epidemic keratoconjunctivitis was young men between 18 -29 years old followed by an increased number of notifications from women in the same age group. Meanwhile the German Armed Forces experienced an outbreak of conjunctivitis, almost exclusively without laboratory confirmation, affecting 6378 soldiers. Despite the small number of laboratory confirmed cases it became clear from the analysis of the national surveillance data that person-to-person transmission between young men and similar age groups of the population did occur. Whether the outbreak started within the garrisons of the German Armed Forces or whether it was triggered within these accommodations, there is clearly a need for the national and the military public health institutions to work together on guidelines to handle future challenges.
Depression as a predictor for appropriate shocks among patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators
Authors: William Whang, Christine M. Albert, Samuel F. Sears, Rachel Lampert, Jamie B. Conti, Paul J. Wang, Jagmeet P. Singh, Jeremy N. Ruskin, James E. Muller, Murray A. Mittleman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2005)
Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor δ Promotes the Progression of Posttraumatic Osteoarthritis in a Mouse Model
Authors: A. Ratneswaran, E. A. LeBlanc, E. Walser, I. Welch, J. S. Mort, N. Borradaile, F. Beier
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a serious disease of the entire joint, characterized by articular cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone changes, osteophyte formation, and synovial hyperplasia. Currently, there are no pharmaceutical treatments that can slow the disease progression, resulting in greatly reduced quality of life for patients and the need for joint replacement surgeries in many cases. The lack of available treatments for OA is partly due to our incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms that promote disease initiation and progression. The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ) as a promoter of cartilage degeneration in a mouse model of posttraumatic OA. Mouse chondrocytes and knee explants were treated with a pharmacologic agonist of PPARδ (GW501516) to evaluate changes in gene expression, histologic features, and matrix glycosaminoglycan breakdown. In vivo, PPARδ was specifically deleted from the cartilage of mice. Histopathologic scoring according to the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) system and immunohistochemical analysis were used to compare mutant and control mice subjected to surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM). In vitro, PPARδ activation by GW501516 resulted in increased expression of several proteases in chondrocytes, as well as aggrecan degradation and glycosaminoglycan release in knee joint explants. In vivo, cartilage-specific PPARδ-knockout mice did not display any abnormalities of skeletal development but showed marked protection in the DMM model of posttraumatic OA (as compared to control littermates). OARSI scoring and immunohistochemical analyses confirmed strong protection of mutant mice from DMM-induced cartilage degeneration. These data demonstrate a catabolic role of endogenous PPARδ in posttraumatic OA and suggest that pharmacologic inhibition of PPARδ is a promising therapeutic strategy.
Thrombus Aspiration Before Primary Angioplasty Improves Myocardial Reperfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Pedro Silva-Orrego, Paola Colombo, Riccardo Bigi, Dario Gregori, Anabella Delgado, Paolo Salvade, Jacopo Oreglia, Paola Orrico, Anna de Biase, Giacomo Piccalò, Irene Bossi, Silvio Klugmann
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Dose-Related Effects of Repeated ETC-216 (Recombinant Apolipoprotein A-IMilano/1-Palmitoyl-2-Oleoyl Phosphatidylcholine Complexes) Administrations on Rabbit Lipid-Rich Soft Plaques
Authors: Cinzia Parolini, Marta Marchesi, Paolo Lorenzon, Mauro Castano, Elena Balconi, Luigi Miragoli, Linda Chaabane, Alberto Morisetti, Vito Lorusso, Bradley J. Martin, Charles L. Bisgaier, Brian Krause, Roger S. Newton, Cesare R. Sirtori, Giulia Chiesa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Long-Term Safety and Tolerability of the Once-Daily, Oral Iron Chelator Deferasirox (Exjade®, ICL670) in Patients with Transfusional Iron Overload.
Authors: M.D. Cappellini, P. Giardina, J. Porter, T. Coates, M.G. Della Porta, J. Siegel, E. Glimm, J. Ford
Journal: Blood (2006)
Treatment of multiple personality disorder: a survey of current practices
Authors: F W Putnam, R J Loewenstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

Reported cases of multiple personality disorder have increased dramatically in the last decade. Few data are available on the treatment of multiple personality disorder. Current recommendations are based on the experience of individual clinicians rather than on systematic research.A questionnaire study of 305 clinicians representing a spectrum of mental health professionals was conducted to survey the types and relative efficacy of treatment modalities currently used with cases of multiple personality disorder.Individual psychotherapy facilitated by hypnosis was uniformly endorsed as the primary treatment by all practitioner groups. The average patient was in twice-weekly psychotherapy facilitated by hypnosis for 3.8 years. Antidepressant and anxiolytic medications were reported to be moderately useful adjunctive treatments.These findings support current impressionistic treatment recommendations for multiple personality disorder regarding the primacy of psychotherapy and the moderate benefits of psychopharmacology with antidepressant and antianxiety agents.
HOUSE DUST MITES IN SWITZERLAND
Authors: YANI MUMOUOGLU
Journal: Allergy (1977)

The allergenic properties of the nine mite species prevalent in the house dust of northwestern Switzerland (Basel and surroundings) were studies. For the preparation of mite extracts, the average weight of each species was first determined and then the number per culture glass counted. Thus the extracts were prepared according to the weight of the mites. They were tested on 115 patients with ashma and/or rhinitis. Tests with patients own house dust and with a human dander/yeast mixture, which served as culture medium for the mites, were carried out simultaneously. Test results were either positive or negative for all substances in 93 patients (80 per cent). Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, D. farinae and Euroglyphus maynei caused the most frequent and most severe reactions. The species Glycyphagus destructor, G. privatus, Chortoglyphus arcuatus, Gohieria fusca, Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Acarus siro seem to play a less important role, if any, in house dust allergies.
Low and decreasing vaccine effectiveness against influenza A(H3) in 2011/12 among vaccination target groups in Europe: results from the I-MOVE multicentre case–control study
Authors: E Kissling, M Valenciano, A Larrauri, B Oroszi, J  M Cohen, B Nunes, D Pitigoi, C Rizzo, J Rebolledo, I Paradowska-Stankiewicz, S Jiménez-Jorge, J K Horváth, I Daviaud, R Guiomar, G Necula, A Bella, J O’Donnell, M Głuchowska, B  C Ciancio, A Nicoll, A Moren
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Prevalence of celiac disease in patients with severe food allergy
Authors: R. Pillon, F. Ziberna, L. Badina, A. Ventura, G. Longo, S. Quaglia, L. De Leo, S. Vatta, S. Martelossi, G. Patano, T. Not, I. Berti
Journal: Allergy (2015)

Abstract The association between food allergy and celiac disease (CD) is still to be clarified. We screened for CD 319 patients with severe food allergy (IgE &gt; 85 kU/l against food proteins and a history of severe allergic reactions) who underwent specific food oral immunotherapy (OIT), together with 128 children with mild allergy who recovered without OIT, and compared the prevalence data with our historical data regarding healthy schoolchildren. Sixteen patients (5%) with severe allergy and one (0.8%) with mild allergy tested positive for both genetic and serological CD markers, while the prevalence among the schoolchildren was 1%. Intestinal biopsies were obtained in 13/16 patients with severe allergy and in the one with mild allergy, confirming the diagnosis of CD. Sufferers from severe food allergy seem to be at a fivefold increased risk of CD. Our findings suggest that routine screening for CD should be recommended in patients with severe food allergy.
Abstract 3134: Aldosterone A Major Determinant Of Long Term Mortality in Elective PCI
Authors: Eric Van Belle, Sophie Susen, Frederic Mouquet, Jean-Philippe Collet, La Pitié Salpétrière, Farzin Beygui, La Pïtié Salpétrière, Pierre Vladimir Ennezat, Pascal Pigny, Christophe Bauters, Brigitte Jude, Gilles Montalescot, La Pité Salpétrière
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Aldosterone, the final mediator of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway, exerts toxic effects on the vessel wall and the myocardium. We recently demonstrated that aldosterone levels predict long term mortality in patients treated by primary PCI for an acute myocardial infarction. Whether aldosterone levels predict long term clinical outcome in elective PCI remains currently unknown. Methods and Results: In 807 consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI, plasma aldosterone, hsCRP and troponin levels were measured before the procedure. During follow-up (median = 14.9 months), 52 patients died including 40 from a cardiovascular cause. Plasma aldosterone levels (median = 25 pg/mL, interquartile range = 13– 45 pg/mL) were higher in diabetics (p=0.01) or in patients with a higher NYHA class (p=0.0002), and were inversely related to age (p=0.0001). In univariate analysis, a plasma aldosterone &gt; 25 pg/mL was associated with a higher mortality (9.0% vs 3.7%, p=0.01) and a higher cardiovascular mortality rate (8.2% vs 2.5%, p=0.0005, Figure ). Using a multivariable Cox model analysis, 6 variables were associated with cardiovascular mortality: plasma aldosterone [HR (log) = 3.48; p=0.004], hsCRP [HR (log) = 2.59; p=0.002], recent acute coronary syndrome [HR = 3.23, p=0.02], age [HR for a 10 year-increase = 1.42; p=0.04], diabetes [HR = 2.20; p=0.04] and LVEF [HR for a 10%-decrease = 1.58; p=0.001]. Conclusion: A high plasma level of aldosterone in patients referred for an elective PCI is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality during follow-up. Whether such patients could benefit from aldosterone antagonist remains to be tested.
Lupus “Gatekeeper” Gene Discovered
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

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Abstract 461: Sildenafil Improves Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization in ApoE-Deficient Mice
Authors: Sylvie Dussault, Catherine Ménard, Sophie-Elise Michaud, Paola Haddad, Jessika Groleau, Julie Turgeon, Alain Rivard
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Sildenafil is widely used to treat erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil inhibits phospho-diesterase 5 (PDE5), thereby increasing cGMP levels in target tissues. The NO-cGMP pathway has been shown to be essential for angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and postnatal neovascularization. Therefore, here we tested the hypothesis that sildenafil might improve neovascularization following ischemia. Methods and results: Hypercholesterolemic ApoE−/− mice, which are characterised by reduced neovascularization in response to ischemia, were treated or not with sildenafil (40 mg/kg/day in water) for the whole duration of the study. Sildenafil was well tolerated by ApoE−/− mice and led to a significant increase of plasmatic cGMP levels compared to controls (13.4±1.9 vs. 4.6±2.6 pmol/mL, p&lt;0.05). After two weeks of treatment, hindlimb ischemia was surgically induced by femoral artery removal. Sildenafil treatment led to a significantly faster rate of blood flow recovery, as assessed by Laser Doppler measurement at day 7 after surgery (55.5% increase, p&lt;0.05). We found that sildenafil treatment is associated with an increased activation of angiogenic transduction pathways such as Akt, p44/42 MAPK, and p38 in ischemic muscles (phosphospecific Western blots). Moreover, sildenafil treatment leads to a significant reduction of oxidative stress in ischemic tissues (nitrotyrosine staining). Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been shown to participate to postnatal neovascularization. We found that ApoE−/− mice treated with sildenafil have a significant increase in the number of bone marrow EPCs (DiI-AcLDL and FITC-Lectin staining) compared to untreated mice (272±18 vs. 187±17 cells per field, p&lt;0.05). Moreover, the adhesion (19.7±2.1 vs. 10.0±1.9 EPCs per field, p&lt;0.05) and the migratory capacity (28.5±1.8 vs. 15.2±1.3 EPCs per field, p&lt;0.0001) of EPCs are significantly improved in ApoE−/− mice treated with sildenafil. Conclusions: Sildenafil treatment is associated with improved ischemia-induced neovascularization in hypercholesterolemic conditions. The mechanisms involve beneficial effects of sildenafil on angiogenic pathways in ischemic tissues together with an increase in the number and the functional activity of EPCs.
Brief Report: Miscarriages in Female Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients: Associations With Serologic Findings, Disease Activity, and Antirheumatic Drug Treatment
Authors: Jenny Brouwer, Joop S. E. Laven, Johanna M. W. Hazes, Radboud J. E. M. Dolhain
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To study the association between miscarriage in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and serologic findings, disease activity, and antirheumatic drug treatment, and to study disease activity and reproductive outcomes after a miscarriage.Within a nationwide prospective cohort study (Pregnancy-Induced Amelioration of RA study), patients with RA were followed up from preconception until 6 months after delivery or miscarriage. Univariate and logistic regression analyses were performed to assess variables of interest, with covariates included in the models if the P value for association with miscarriage was <0.20 and subsequently excluded if the P value was >0.10.Among 162 pregnancies, 28 miscarriages occurred (17.3%; 95% confidence interval 12.2-24.0%). Women who miscarried were older than women with an ongoing pregnancy. Women who miscarried tended to be more often positive for anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs), to have higher disease activity scores, and to have more often received methotrexate (MTX) therapy in the past. Logistic regression showed a tendency toward a higher likelihood of miscarriage in association with increasing age (P = 0.065) and presence of ACPAs (P = 0.092). After miscarriage, 33% of women had a flare of RA. Within 1 year, 68% of women became pregnant again, 14% stopped trying to conceive, and 11% were lost to followup. The live birth rate of the subsequent pregnancy was 90%.The miscarriage rate in the PARA cohort is comparable to that in the general population. Due to the low frequency of miscarriages in this study, the associations between miscarriage in RA and the presence of ACPAs, disease activity, and MTX use did not reach statistical significance. Within 1 year after miscarriage, the majority of patients who continued trying to conceive achieved a pregnancy resulting in a live birth.
Abstract P73: Basic Resuscitation with Chest Compression Only is Effective against Postresuscitation Syndrome
Authors: Ken Nagao, Tetsuya Sakamoto, Masaki Igarashi, Shinichi Ishimatsu, Akira Sato, Shingo Hori, Shigeru Kanesaka, Yuichi Hamabe, Kimio Kikushima, Nobuya Kitamura
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract 18449: T-peak to T-end Interval: A Novel ECG Predictor of Sudden Death in the General Population
Authors: Ragesh Panikkath, Kyndaron Reinier, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Carmen Teodorescu, Dong Li, Subhashish Chakravarty, Harpriya Chugh, Ronald Mariani, Karen Gunson, Jonathan Jui, Sumeet S Chugh
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: The interval between the peak and end of the T wave (T peak to T end, TpTe) measures transmural dispersion of ventricular repolarization, and early studies indicate its potential as a...
The relation between sunscreen layer thickness and vitamin D production after ultraviolet B exposure: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: A. Faurschou, D.M. Beyer, A. Schmedes, M.K. Bogh, P.A. Philipsen, H.C. Wulf
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Background Sunscreens absorb ultraviolet B (UVB) and it is a major concern that sunscreen use may lead to vitamin D deficiency. Objectives To investigate the relation between the amount of sunscreen applied and the vitamin D serum level in humans after UVB exposure under controlled conditions. Methods Thirty‐seven healthy volunteers with fair skin types were randomized to receive an inorganic sunscreen with sun protection factor (SPF) 8 of 0 mg cm−2, 0·5 mg cm−2, 1 mg cm−2, 1·5 mg cm−2, or 2 mg cm−2 thickness on the upper body, approximately 25% of the body area. Participants were irradiated with a fixed UVB dose of 3 standard erythema doses 20 min after sunscreen application. This procedure was repeated four times with a 2‐ to 3‐day interval. Blood samples were drawn before the first irradiation and 3 days after the last to determine the serum vitamin D level expressed as 25‐hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D]. Results The vitamin D serum level increased in an exponential manner with decreasing thickness of sunscreen layer in response to UVB exposure. For all thicknesses of sunscreen, the level of 25(OH)D increased significantly after irradiation (P < 0·05), except for the group treated with 2 mg cm−2, in which the increase in 25(OH)D was not statistically significant (P = 0·16). Conclusions Vitamin D production increases exponentially when thinner sunscreen layers than recommended are applied (< 2 mg cm−2). When the amount of sunscreen and SPF advised by the World Health Organization are used, vitamin D production may be abolished. Re‐evaluation of sun‐protection strategies could be warranted.
Liver injury from herbals and dietary supplements in the U.S. Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network
Authors: Victor J. Navarro, Huiman Barnhart, Herbert L. Bonkovsky, Timothy Davern, Robert J. Fontana, Lafaine Grant, K. Rajender Reddy, Leonard B. Seeff, Jose Serrano, Averell H. Sherker, Andrew Stolz, Jayant Talwalkar, Maricruz Vega, Raj Vuppalanchi
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

The Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network (DILIN) studies hepatotoxicity caused by conventional medications as well as herbals and dietary supplements (HDS). To characterize hepatotoxicity and its outcomes from HDS versus medications, patients with hepatotoxicity attributed to medications or HDS were enrolled prospectively between 2004 and 2013. The study took place among eight U.S. referral centers that are part of the DILIN. Consecutive patients with liver injury referred to a DILIN center were eligible. The final sample comprised 130 (15.5%) of all subjects enrolled (839) who were judged to have experienced liver injury caused by HDS. Hepatotoxicity caused by HDS was evaluated by expert opinion. Demographic and clinical characteristics and outcome assessments, including death and liver transplantation (LT), were ascertained. Cases were stratified and compared according to the type of agent implicated in liver injury; 45 had injury caused by bodybuilding HDS, 85 by nonbodybuilding HDS, and 709 by medications. Liver injury caused by HDS increased from 7% to 20% (P < 0.001) during the study period. Bodybuilding HDS caused prolonged jaundice (median, 91 days) in young men, but did not result in any fatalities or LT. The remaining HDS cases presented as hepatocellular injury, predominantly in middle-aged women, and, more frequently, led to death or transplantation, compared to injury from medications (13% vs. 3%; P < 0.05). The proportion of liver injury cases attributed to HDS in DILIN has increased significantly. Liver injury from nonbodybuilding HDS is more severe than from bodybuilding HDS or medications, as evidenced by differences in unfavorable outcomes (death and transplantation). (Hepatology 2014;60:1399-1408).
Smoking status and cessation intervention in acute medical admissions in a busy city hospital and associated co-morbidities - Time for a change?
Authors: Tamina Khalil, Hannah Walton, Wing Ng, Indranil Chakravorty
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Concurrent smoking leads to poorer outcomes and patients are receptive for advice on lifestyle changes including cessation during or immediately after an acute event. This should be addressed at every consultation with a healthcare professional. Documentation of status and implementation of is a key national priority.  Design  A retrospective analysis of all patients admitted to a busy acute medical unit in a London city hospital in January 2013, to ascertain smoking status, cessation advice or treatment.  Results  Our cohort included 792 (348 women) patients; age 69 (SD 19) years; 41 inpatient deaths (SMR 52/1000 admissions). Co-morbidities - hypertension (38%), cardiovascular (13%), cerebrovascular (9%), diabetes (22%), 9% Dementia, 3% depression and 8% kidney disease. Amongst 23% with chronic lung diseases, 38% had asthma, 52% COPD, 5% lung cancer and 5% other.  3.4% (n = 27; incl 10 women) were current smokers 1.8% ex-smokers, 0.9% non-smokers and no documentation in the rest. Smoking cessation advice was given to 7/27 (25.9%), 3 patients expressed desire to quit and 1 patient was prescribed nicotine replacement.  Discussion  Census estimates smoking prevalence at 25-27%, although likely to be higher amongst hospital admissions. We are likely to be missing a vast majority of current smokers (87%) with significant comorbidites. If approached during their stay, then the quit rate may be around 50%. Therefore documentation of smoking status within admission proformas and cessation advice as part of a brief intervention, needs to be implemented as a matter of urgency followed by referral to specialized smoking cessation services.