PICROTOXIN IN BARBITURATE POISONING
Authors: D. L. Burdick, E. A. Rovenstine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1945)

Article1 June 1945PICROTOXIN IN BARBITURATE POISONINGD. L. BURDICK, M.D., E. A. ROVENSTINE, M.D.D. L. BURDICK, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. A. ROVENSTINE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-22-6-819 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPicrotoxin as an antidote for human barbiturate poisoning was used first by Arnett1 in 1933. Maloney, Fitch and Tatum2 previously had demonstrated its effectiveness by animal experiments. In 1936 Koppanyi and his co-workers3 definitely established its clinical value and proved its safety when administered properly. During the ensuing years the practical use of picrotoxin has been determined, particularly for those patients having a degree of narcosis approaching lethal levels.The recent extensive review of the pharmacologic and physiologic aspects of the barbiturate problem by Tatum4and Richards'5clinical evaluation of picrotoxin in barbiturate poisoning agree in establishing it as the...Bibliography1. ARNETT JH: Ephedrine and picrotoxin used successfully in amytal poisoning, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1933, c, 1597. Google Scholar2. MALONEYFITCHTATUM AHRHAL: Picrotoxin as an antidote in acute poisoning by the shorter acting barbiturates, Jr. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap., 1931, xli, 465-482. Google Scholar3. KOPPANYILINEGARDILLE TCRJM: Studies on barbiturates; analysis of the barbiturate-picrotoxin antagonism, Jr. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap., 1936, lviii, 199-228. Google Scholar4. TATUM AL: Present status of the barbiturate problem, Physiol. Rev., 1939, xix, 472-502. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. RICHARDSMENAKER RKJG: The rôle of picrotoxin in the treatment of acute barbiturate poisoning, Anesthesiology, 1942, iii, 37-48. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. BLECKWENNHODGSONHERWICK WJERRP: A clinical comparison of picrotoxin, metrazol and coriamyrtin used as analeptics and as convulsants, Jr. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap., 1940, lxix, 81-88. Google Scholar7. BARLOW OW: Relative efficiency of a series of analeptics as antidotes to sublethal and and lethal dosages of pentobarbital, chloral hydrate, and tribromethanol, Jr. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap., 1935, lv, 1-2. Google Scholar8. MALONEY AH: Picrotoxin in acute barbiturate intoxication, Clin. Med., 1941, xlviii, 34-37. Google Scholar9. BILLOW BW: Barbiturate intoxication and picrotoxin treatment, Jr. Lab. and Clin. Med., 1944, xxix, 265-269. Google Scholar10. WAGNER P: Barbiturate addiction; a report of a study made by the society's committee on drug addiction, Connecticut Med. Jr., 1942, vi, 124-125. Google Scholar11. HAMBOURGER WE: I. Study of the promiscuous use of the barbiturates; their use in suicide, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1939, cxii, 1340-1343. II. Analysis of hospital data, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1940, cxiv, 2015-2019. CrossrefGoogle Scholar12. ANDERSON JP: The treatment of barbiturate intoxication with special reference to picrotoxin; a report of 20 cases, Ann. Int. Med., 1941, xiv, 2037-2046. Google Scholar13. HASSIN GB: Cerebral changes in fatal cases following treatment with barbital, soluble barbital, U.S.P., insulin and metrazol, Arch. Neurol. and Psychiat., 1939, xlii, 679-689. CrossrefGoogle Scholar14. RICHARDS RK: Personal communication. Google Scholar15. ROVENSTINETAYLORLEMMER EAIBKE: Oropharyngeal insufflation of oxygen: gas tensions in the bronchus, Anes. and Analg., 1936, xv, 10-13. Google Scholar16. GOODMANGILMAN LA: The pharmacological basis of therapeutics, 1941, The Macmillan Co., New York. Google Scholar17. ROVENSTINE EA: The antidotal action of picrotoxin in acute intoxication by the barbiturates, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1938, cxcvi, 46-50. CrossrefGoogle Scholar18. ALTSCHULARHENSELHECHTPURSLEY SSHMPR: Maintenance of nitrogen equilibrium by intravenous administration of amino acids, Arch. Int. Med., 1942, lxx, 749-762. CrossrefGoogle Scholar19. MARTINTHOMPSON JR: Intravenous alimentation with amino acids; a review, Medicine, 1943, xxii, 75-86. Google Scholar20. RICHARDSKEUTERKLATT RKKTJ: Effects of vitamin C deficiency on the action of different types of barbiturates, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1941, xlviii, 403-409. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication September 16, 1944.From the Departments of Anesthesia, The Doctors Hospital and Bellevue Hospital, New York City. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byBarbiturate PoisoningACUTE BARBITURATE INTOXICATION: A STUDY OF 300 CASES BASED ON A PHYSIOLOGIC SYSTEM OF CLASSIFICATION OF THE SEVERITY OF THE INTOXICATION*CHARLES E. REED, M.D., MARSHALL F. DRIGGS, M.D., F.A.C.P., CHARLES C. FOOTE, M.D.THERAPY OF ACUTE BARBITURATE POISONING: REPORT OF THREE CASES*MARCEL ROCHE, M.D., LYMAN C. WYNNE, M.D., DONALD M. HASKINS, M.D.Procaïne comme remède diurétique en cas d'anurie aiguë 1 June 1945Volume 22, Issue 6Page: 819-826KeywordsAnesthesiaAntidotesSafety ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 June 1945 PDF downloadLoading ...