tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Serotonin Synthesis and Reuptake in Social Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Andreas Frick, Fredrik Åhs, Jonas Engman, My Jonasson, Iman Alaie, Johannes Björkstrand, Örjan Frans, Vanda Faria, Clas Linnman, Lieuwe Appel, Kurt Wahlstedt, Mark Lubberink, Mats Fredrikson, Tomas Furmark
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Serotonin is involved in negative affect, but whether anxiety syndromes, such as social anxiety disorder (SAD), are characterized by an overactive or underactive serotonin system has not been established. Serotonin 1A autoreceptors, which inhibit serotonin synthesis and release, are downregulated in SAD, and serotonin transporter availability might be increased; however, presynaptic serotonin activity has not been evaluated extensively.To examine the serotonin synthesis rate and serotonin transporter availability in patients with SAD and healthy control individuals using positron emission tomography (PET) with the radioligands 5-hydroxytryptophan labeled with carbon 11 ([11C]5-HTP) and 11C-labeled 3-amino-4-(2-dimethylaminomethylphenylsulfanyl)-benzonitrile [11C]DASB.We performed a cross-sectional study at an academic clinical research center. Eighteen patients with SAD (9 men and 9 women; mean [SD] age, 32.6 [8.2] years) and 18 sex- and age-matched healthy controls (9 men and 9 women; mean [SD] age, 34.7 [9.2] years) underwent [11C]5-HTP PET imaging. We acquired [11C]DASB PET images for 26 additional patients with SAD (14 men and 12 women; mean [SD] age, 35.2 [10.7] years) and the same 18 sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Participants were recruited through newspaper advertisements. Data were acquired from March 12, 2002, through March 5, 2012, and analyzed from March 28, 2013, through August 29, 2014.The influx rate of [11C]5-HTP as a measure of serotonin synthesis rate capacity and [11C]DASB binding potential as an index of serotonin transporter availability were acquired during rest. We used the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale to measure severity of social anxiety symptoms.The PET data were not available for analysis in 1 control for each scan. Increased [11C]5-HTP influx rate was observed in the amygdala, raphe nuclei region, caudate nucleus, putamen, hippocampus, and anterior cingulate cortex of patients with SAD compared with healthy controls (P < .05 corrected), supporting an enhanced serotonin synthesis rate. Increased serotonin transporter availability in the patients with SAD relative to healthy controls was reflected by elevated [11C]DASB binding potential in the raphe nuclei region, caudate nucleus, putamen, thalamus, and insula cortex (P < .05 corrected).Neurotransmission in SAD is characterized by an overactive presynaptic serotonin system, with increased serotonin synthesis and transporter availability. Our findings could provide important new insights into the etiology of anxiety disorders.
Comparison of CPAP treatment and oral appliance therapy in patients with severe OSAS
Authors: Ilkay Yilmazer, Önder Öztürk, Ahmet Akkaya, Süleyman Hakan Tuna, Mustafa Kayan, Mustafa Tüz, Selçuk Yasar, Özgür Koskan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of anthropometric measurements and otorhinolrayngological examinations on the appropriateness of and the choice between OAT (oral appliance therapy) and CPAP treatment in patients diagnosed with severe OSAS (obstructive sleep apnea syndrome).   Materials and methods:  The patients diagnosed with severe OSAS (n=23) were enrolled in the present study and divided into two groups as OAT (n=11) and CPAP (n=12) by the random envelope method.Then, the patients who were ineligible for OAT were assigned to CPAP treatment, thus constituting a third group (n=7). They were examined by PSG at one month and underwent controls at 3 and 6 months. At the first month control, the patients who showed no improvement of AHI or those who could not tolerate the treatment were shifted to the other treatment.   Results:  There were no significant differences between the treatment groups in terms of demographic characteristics, otorhinolaryngological examinations and nasopharynx CT. It was found that, of PSG findings, REM was increased and AHI and stage 2 sleep were decreased during the first month of treatmentin all treatment groups (p>0.05). All treatment groups showed improvement in oxygen saturation, which reached statistical significance only in the CPAP group (p   Conclusion:  We concluded that anthropometric changes and results of otorhinolaryngological examinations had no effect on treatment choice in patients with severe OSAS. Since CPAP treatment is more effective in patients with severe OSAS, OAT would be more appropriate in patients who can not tolerate CPAP treatment.
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome in the United States: An Analysis of Cases Outside High-Incidence Groups
Authors: MARY E. CHAMBERLAND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1984)

From 1 June 1981 through 31 January 1984, 201 cases of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome were reported involving persons who could not be classified into a group identified to be at increased risk for this syndrome. Thirty-five had received transfusions of single-donor blood components in the 5 years preceding diagnosis of the syndrome and 30 were sexual partners of persons belonging to a high-risk group. Information was incomplete for most remaining patients, but because many of these patients were demographically similar to populations recognized to be at increased risk for the syndrome, previously identified risk factors may have been present but not reported for some of them. Additionally, a few persons who met the case definition for the syndrome probably had other reasons for their opportunistic disease and did not have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The slow emergence of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in new populations is consistent with transmission mediated through sexual contact or parenteral exposure to blood.
A Functional Variant in MTRR Intron-1 Significantly Increases the Risk of Congenital Heart Disease in Han Chinese Population
Authors: Jian-Yuan Zhao, Xue-Yan Yang, Xiao-Hong Gong, Zhuo-Ya Gu, Wen-Yuan Duan, Jue Wang, Zhi-Zhou Ye, Hong-Bing Shen, Kai-Hu Shi, Jia Hou, Guo-Ying Huang, Li Jin, Bin Qiao, Hong-Yan Wang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background —Homocysteine is known to be an independent risk factor for congenital heart disease (CHD). Methionine synthase reductase ( MTRR ) is essential for the adequate remethylation of homocysteine, which is the dominant pathway for homocysteine removal during early embryonic development. 

Methods and Results —Herein, we report that the c.56+781 A>C (rs326119) variant of intron-1 of MTRR significantly increases the CHD risk in the Han Chinese population. In three independent case-control studies involving a total of 2,340 CHD patients and 2,270 healthy control participants from different geographic areas, we observed that patients carrying the heterozygous AC and homozygous CC genotype had a 1.40-fold (OR=1.40, P =2.32×10-7) and 1.84-fold (OR=1.84, P =2.3×10-11) increased risk, respectively, of developing CHD than those carrying the wild-type AA genotype. Both in vivo quantitative real-time PCR analysis of MTRR mRNA in cardiac tissue samples from CHD patients and in vitro luciferase assays in transfected cells demonstrated that the c.56+781 C allele profoundly decreased MTRR transcription. Further analysis demonstrated that the c.56+781 C allele manifested reduced CEBPα binding affinity. In addition, healthy individuals with the homozygous CC genotype had significantly elevated levels of plasma homocysteine compared to the wild-type AA carriers. 

Conclusions —We have demonstrated that the MTRR c.56+781 A>C variant is an important genetic marker for increased CHD risk because this variant results in functionally reduced MTRR expression at the transcriptional level. Our results accentuate the significance of functional SNPs in non-coding regions of the homocysteine/folate metabolism pathway core genes for their potential contributions to the etiology of CHD.
Global expression based classification of lymph node metastasis and extracapsular spread of oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Xiaofeng Zhou, Stephane Temam, Myungshin Oh, Nisa Pungpravat, Bau-Lin Huang, Hui Ye, Li Mao, David Wong
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

4473 

Tumor metastasis is the dominant cause of death in cancer patients, including oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumor metastasis are still elusive. The identification of molecular markers associated with the metastatic process would help to understand biological mechanisms and facilitate the development of therapeutic interventions for oral tongue cancer patients. We performed global gene expression profiling on 11 lymph node metastatic (pN+) and 14 non-metastatic negative (pN-) SCC samples of tongue, and the matching normal tissues. Using stringent statistical criteria (fold difference >2, and p  90% accuracy. These analyses also generated a second gene list that can provide superb classification power for extracapsular spread (ECS). ECS is considered as the most reliable clinical predictor of poor treatment outcomes of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck to regional lymph nodes. expression profiling capable of predicting ECS phenotype has not been reported previously, so these results have high substantive significance. This work is supported in part by K22 DE014847, RO3 DE016569, RO3 CA114688, and a TRDRP grant 13KT-0028 (Zhou), Foundation de France grant (Temam), P01 CA106451 Project 3 (Mao), R01 DE015970 (Wong).
Abstract B39: Exome sequencing in primary melanoma identifies novel drivers of melanoma progression
Authors: Valentina Montagnani, Matteo Benelli, Alessandro Apollo, Gianni Gerlini, Lorenzo Borgognoni, Barbara Stecca
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Melanoma is the most malignant and lethal among skin cancers, due to its high infiltration and invasion ability and resistance to therapy. Whereas early stages melanoma can be cured in the majority of cases by surgical excision, metastatic melanoma is a highly lethal condition. The most frequent known oncogenic mutation in melanoma is BRAF-V600E and several full exome sequencing studies have revealed numerous other alterations (Wei et al, 2011; Nikolaev et al, 2011; Stark et al, 2011; Krauthammer et al, 2012). A crucial issue in understanding melanoma progression is to identify which mutations are specifically involved in making an individual melanoma competent for metastatic spread. It is well established that this behavior is highly correlated with histological features, such as the thickness of the primary tumor and the mitotic index. Here we performed full exome sequencing of 5 thin (&amp;lt;1mm in thickness) and 5 thick (&amp;gt;4mm in thickness) primary melanomas compared to matched-normal DNA. We confirmed recurrent somatic mutations in known melanoma-related genes, including BRAF, c-KIT, EGFR, PPP6C, MLL3 and several components of the glutamate signaling. In addition, we discovered mutations in genes not previously linked to this tumor, such as CSMD1, FGFR4 and components of the Hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway. In particular, in a thick melanoma we found an novel activating mutation in the transcription factor GLI1, one of the final effectors of the HH signaling. Notably, in the only 3 thick melanomas that produced metastasis, we identified candidate metastasis-driving mutations in six genes (ADAMTS6, ADAMTS7, CHD9, MLL3, NALCN and TSC2). Interestingly, we identified several regions of focal somatic copy-number alterations (SCNAs) that were altered at significantly higher frequency in thick compared to thin melanomas. Several gene families are comprised among these regions of focal SCNAs, including components of Notch, HH and Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathways, BRAF, c-MYC and its cofactor PIM1, several ADAMs, EGFR and the HOX genes. Our preliminary results identify potential drivers of melanoma progression, enhancing our understanding of the genomic complexity underlying melanoma. Citation Format: Valentina Montagnani, Matteo Benelli, Alessandro Apollo, Gianni Gerlini, Lorenzo Borgognoni, Barbara Stecca. Exome sequencing in primary melanoma identifies novel drivers of melanoma progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Advances in Melanoma: From Biology to Therapy; Sep 20-23, 2014; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(14 Suppl):Abstract nr B39.
Abstract 9481: Whole Body Periodic Acceleration, Novel Passive Exercise Devices, Enhances Blood Supply to Ischemic Hindlimb in Mice and Human
Authors: Taku Rokutanda, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Mitsutoshi Miura, Shota Fukuda, Kenei Shimada, Yasukatsu Izumi, Yasuhiro Nakamura, Satoshi Araki, Shinsuke Hanatani, Shokei Kim-Mitsuyama, Minoru Yoshiyama, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Whole body periodic acceleration (WBPA) is a non-invasive, passive exercise device that has been shown to improve endothelial function by increasing shear stress by head-to-foot direction movements of the body. However, the impact of WBPA on blood flow to ischemic legs has not been investigated. Hypothesis: WBPA enhances blood supply in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia and in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Methods and Results: After unilateral femoral artery excision, wild type mice were assigned to either the WBPA (n=15) or control (n=13) group. WBPA was applied at 150 cpm for 45 min under anesthesia once a day. WBPA significantly increased blood flow recovery at 7 and 14 days after surgery as determined by laser doppler perfusion imaging. Sections of ischemic adductor muscle stained with anti-CD31 antibody showed a significant increase in capillary density in WBPA-treated mice compared with control mice, suggesting that WBPA promotes angiogenesis at a microcirculatory level. WBPA increased the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in adductor muscle. The pro-angiogenic effect of WBPA on ischemic limb was blunted in eNOS-deficient mice, suggesting that the stimulatory effects of WBPA on revascularization are eNOS-dependent. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed significant increases in molecules involved in angiogenesis, such as VEGF, FGF2, SDF-1, PDGF-B in ischemic hindlimb by WBPA. Protein array analysis showed that WBPA induced changes in the expression profile of serum angiogenesis-related proteins. Facilitated blood flow recovery was observed in a mouse model of diabetes despite no changes in glycemic control. Clinically, 10 patients (age, 69±7 years, 9 men) with PAD underwent single session of WBPA treatment at 140 cpm for 45 min. WBPA significantly improved the ischemic/non-ischemic ratio of blood flow in the lower extremity from 0.74±0.21 to 0.87±0.21 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: WBPA increased blood supply to ischemic lower extremities through activation of eNOS signaling and upregulation of pro-angiogenic growth factor in ischemic skeletal muscle. WBPA is a potentially suitable non-invasive intervention to facilitate therapeutic angiogenesis.
CLINICAL ASPECTS OF CIRCULATORY DYNAMICS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: Arthur R. Elliott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1936)

Article1 August 1936CLINICAL ASPECTS OF CIRCULATORY DYNAMICS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSIONARTHUR R. ELLIOTT, M.D., LL.D., F.A.C.P.ARTHUR R. ELLIOTT, M.D., LL.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-10-2-194 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWe know that of patients who have persistent high blood pressure a considerable percentage—estimated by some authorities to be as high as 25 per cent—will die of causes that have no bearing whatsoever on their hypertension. The remainder will succumb through development of some condition directly attributable to the prolonged circulatory strain. A small percentage will die of progressive renal insufficiency, resulting from arteriolar changes in the kidney or more likely from progression of an unrecognized obscure nephritis. A larger number will develop cerebral accidents, the so-called hypertensive encephalopathies. The remainder, predominantly the largest group of hypertension casualties, die of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Presented at the Detroit meeting of the American College of Physicians, March 6, 1936. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byÜber die Wärmeabgabe von Hand und Wange im thermischen Behaglichkeitsbereich�ber Unterschiede der Hautdurchblutung bei den GeschlechternÜber die Entstehung des Herzinfarkts 1 August 1936Volume 10, Issue 2Page: 194-199KeywordsBrain diseasesHypertensionKidneysNephritisPrimary hypertension ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1936 PDF downloadLoading ...
Les buveurs d'absinthe (The Absinthe Drinkers)
Authors: Thomas B. Cole
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Finnish study confirms safety of MMR vaccine
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A large prospective follow up of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination programme in Finland has concluded that serious adverse events are rare and greatly outweighed by the risks of disease. The message is reinforced by two independent advisory bodies in the United Kingdom, which have carried out further reviews of the safety data.

The Committee on Safety of Medicines and the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation independently examined all the data in an attempt to restore public confidence in the MMR vaccine. Immunisation levels have fallen below 75% in some parts of the United Kingdom, prompting fears of a measles outbreak. There have also been calls to give parents the option of having their children vaccinated separately …
Thyroid-Pituitary Tumorigenesis&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Jacob Furth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1954)

Journal Article Thyroid-Pituitary Tumorigenesis Get access Jacob Furth Jacob Furth The Children's Cancer Research Foundation, Boston, Mass. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 15, Issue 3, December 1954, Pages 685–691, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/15.3.685 Published: 01 December 1954
The limited usefulness of nasopharyngeal EEG recording in psychiatric patients
Authors: V Ramani, R B Loewenson, F Torres
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1985)

The authors retrospectively studied 150 psychiatric inpatients, 96 of whom had had nasopharyngeal EEGs and 54 of whom had had regular EEGs. The nasopharyngeal recordings did not reveal significantly more epileptiform abnormalities than did the regular EEG in patients with suspected seizures.
Abstract 2212: Longitudinal Displacement of Mitral Annulus Shows Early Recovery Following Induction of Beta-Blockade in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Chikako Yoshida, Masaaki Lee-Kawabata, Takeshi Tsujino, Shinji Nakao, Akiko Goda, Akira Ezumi, Tohru Masuyama
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Experimental Drugs Take Aim at Obesity
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BMA campaigns for “presumed consent” to organ donation
Authors: Mark Silvert
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A campaign to increase the number of organs available for donation was launched this week by the BMA to combat the growing gap between the numbers of patients needing a transplant and those receiving one. In the second half of the 1990s, 1000 patients died waiting for a transplant.

The BMA is calling for the introduction of a system of “presumed consent,” whereby it is assumed that every patient wished to be a donor unless he or she …
Evaluation of leg ulcer treatment with stereophotogrammetry.
Authors: GUNNEL ERIKSSON, A.-E. EKLUND, K. TORLEGARD, E. DAUPHIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

Journal Article Evaluation of leg ulcer treatment with stereophotogrammetry: A PILOT STUDY Get access GUNNEL ERIKSSON, GUNNEL ERIKSSON Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, and Department of Photogrammetry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.‐E. EKLUND, A.‐E. EKLUND Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, and Department of Photogrammetry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. TORLEGÅRD, K. TORLEGÅRD Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, and Department of Photogrammetry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. DAUPHIN E. DAUPHIN Departments of Dermatology and Surgery, Danderyd Hospital, Danderyd, and Department of Photogrammetry, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 101, Issue 2, 1 August 1979, Pages 123–131, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1979.tb05596.x Published: 01 August 1979