tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
REPORT OF CASES OF UTERINE FIBROIDS ASSOCIATED WITH GALLSTONES.
Authors: ALBERT VANDER VEER
Journal: JAMA (1906)

With the desire of impressing on the profession at large the importance of studying carefully all complications that may be present in a case of uterine fibroid, I report the following cases in four of which the history of biliary colic was pronounced, but in the others not so distinct. For a number of years I have gradually become convinced, and am now fixed in my belief, which experience has confirmed, that, when opening the abdominal cavity for any operation, unless the patient is so weak that it is unsafe to make further examination, or to operate, the appendix should be thoroughly explored, and though there may have been no history of appendiceal trouble, still, if this structure is anatomically incorrect, or. if normal in position, has given the history of any previous attacks, I make it a rule to remove it. As time passes, I am yet more strongly
VALIDATION OF A RISK SCORE TO PREDICT CONTRAST-INDUCED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION IN PATIENTS WITH ACS: RESULTS FROM THE ACUITY TRIAL
Authors: Adriano M. Caixeta, Eugenia Nikolsky, Selene Leon, Martin Fahy, Ecaterina Cristea, Gregg W. Stone, Alexandra J. Lansky, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
The Imported Fever Service; a UK-wide system for improved management and diagnosis of fever in returned travellers
Authors: Alexander Aiken, Jonathan Lambourne, Amanda Semper, Meera Chand, Jane Osborne, Behzad Nadjm, Catherine Roberts, Katherine Russell, Surabhi Taori, Malur Sudhanva, Peter Chiodini, Nick Beeching, Tim Brooks
Journal: Journal of Infection (2013)
Small-molecule correctors of defective F508-CFTR cellular processing identified by high-throughput screening
Authors: Nicoletta Pedemonte, Gergely L. Lukacs, Kai Du, Emanuela Caci, Olga Zegarra-Moran, Luis J V Galietta, Alan S. Verkman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

The most common cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) is deletion of phenylalanine 508 (ΔF508) in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) chloride channel. The ΔF508 mutation produces defects in folding, stability, and channel gating. To identify small-molecule correctors of defective cellular processing, we assayed iodide flux in ΔF508-CFTR–transfected epithelial cells using a fluorescent halide indicator. Screening of 150,000 chemically diverse compounds and more than 1,500 analogs of active compounds yielded several classes of ΔF508-CFTR correctors (aminoarylthiazoles, quinazolinylaminopyrimidinones, and bisaminomethylbithiazoles) with micromolar potency that produced greater apical membrane chloride current than did low-temperature rescue. Correction was seen within 3–6 hours and persisted for more than 12 hours after washout. Functional correction was correlated with plasma membrane expression of complex-glycosylated ΔF508-CFTR protein. Biochemical studies suggested a mechanism of action involving improved ΔF508-CFTR folding at the ER and stability at the cell surface. The bisaminomethylbithiazoles corrected ΔF508-CFTR in ΔF508/ΔF508 human bronchial epithelia but did not correct a different temperature-sensitive CFTR mutant (P574H-CFTR) or a dopamine receptor mutant. Small-molecule correctors may be useful in the treatment of CF caused by the ΔF508 mutation.
New point of care <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test—bridging the gap between diagnosis and treatment: performance evaluation study
Authors: Lourdes Mahilum-Tapay, Vivian Laitila, James J Wawrzyniak, Helen H Lee, Sarah Alexander, Catherine Ison, Alison Swain, Penelope Barber, Ines Ushiro-Lumb, Beng T Goh
Journal: BMJ (2007)

<b>Objective</b> To evaluate the performance of a new <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test with vaginal swab specimens as a potential tool for chlamydia diagnosis and screening. <b>Design</b> Performance evaluation study. <b>Settings</b> A young people's sexual health centre (site 1) and two genitourinary medicine clinics (sites 2 and 3) in the United Kingdom. <b>Participants</b> 1349 women aged between 16 and 54 attending one of the three clinics. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test versus polymerase chain reaction and strand displacement amplification assays; correlation between the <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test visual signal and organism load; acceptability to participants of self collected vaginal swabs as the specimen type for <i>Chlamydia</i> testing. <b>Results</b> Polymerase chain reaction positivity rates for <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> infection were 8.4% (56/663) at site 1, 9.4% (36/385) at site 2, and 6.0% (18/301) at site 3. Compared with polymerase chain reaction assay, the resolved sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test were 83.5% (91/109), 98.9% (1224/1238), 86.7% (91/105), and 98.6% (1224/1242). Compared with strand displacement amplification assay, sensitivity and specificity of the <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test were 81.6% (40/49) and 98.3% (578/588). Organism load of self collected vaginal swabs ranged from 5.97×10<sup>2</sup> to 1.09×10<sup>9</sup><i>Chlamydia</i> plasmids per swab, which correlated well with the <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test's visual signal (<i>r</i>=0.6435, P&lt;0.0001). Most (95.9%) surveyed participants felt comfortable about collecting their own swabs. <b>Conclusions</b> The performance of the <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test with self collected vaginal swabs indicates that it would be an effective same day diagnostic and screening tool for <i>Chlamydia</i> infection in women. The availability of <i>Chlamydia</i> Rapid Test results within 30 minutes allows for immediate treatment and contact tracing, potentially reducing the risks of persistent infection and onward transmission. It could also provide a simple and reliable alternative to nucleic acid amplification tests in chlamydia screening programmes.
Multiple Hepatitis Attacks in Drug Addicts
Authors: Gunnar Norkrans
Journal: JAMA (1980)

Radioimmunoassays for detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc), antibody to hepatitis A virus (anti-HAV), and anti-HAV of IgM class were used to verify hepatitis A and hepatitis B infection in 33 drug addicts with multiple attacks of hepatitis. Hepatitis A was confirmed serologically in 23 (32%) of 71 total hepatitis episodes, while hepatitis B was confirmed in 30 episodes (42%). The remaining 18 hepatitis episodes (25%) were, by serological exclusion, also of Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus infection, classified as hepatitis non-A, non-B. However, while as many as 13 (39%) of the 33 primary attacks of hepatitis were of the type non-A, non-B, this type was never observed as a third attack. In no case were two attacks of hepatitis A or hepatitis B demonstrated in the same individual, but two different episodes of hepatitis non-A, non-B were observed in one patient. The maximal serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin were significantly lower in patients with hepatitis non-A, non-B as compared with those with hepatitis B. Development of chronic liver disease occurred in only two (7%) of the 28 addicts who continued to be followed up.
Abstract 4111: Induction of CXCL8 by TNFalpha and LIF (Leukemia Inhibitory Factor) in pancreatic carcinoma cells: Impact of CXCL8 as an autocrine growth factor
Authors: Hidenobu Kamohara, Yoshiharu Hiyoshi, Junji Kurashige, Koichi Kinoshita, Masaaki Iwatsuki, Hideo Baba
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract &amp;lt;INTRODUCTION&amp;gt; Pancreatic carcinoma is one of the most lethal in the gastroenterogical malignant tumors. Chronic inflammation cause to cancer development and progression. CXCL8 is a CXC chemokine, which play an important role in neutrophil chemotaxis and activation. We previously reported that CXCL8 was produced by a variety of human carcinoma cells and tissues and that CXCL8 also promoted proliferation in pancreatic carcinoma cells. In the present study, we analyzed whether various cytokines affect cell proliferation by CXCL8 induction in pancreatic carcinoma cells. &amp;lt;METHODS and RESULTS&amp;gt; Eight examined pancreas carcinoma cell lines expressed CXCL8, CXCR1 CXCR2 and TNFRII mRNA constitutively in RPMI1640 medium without FBS. TNFalpha, LIF, IL1beta, IL6, CXCL8, or IFNbeta enhanced the expression of CXCL8 mRNA, but IL10 did not in Hs-700T cells. Especially, TNFalpha was a robust inducer. Actinomycin D suppressed and cycloheximide augmented CXCL8 mRNA which was induced by TNFalpha, LIF or not. The half-life of CXCL8 mRNA was 36.5 min by TNFalpha and 35.2 min without stimulation. That indicated the stability of CXCL8 mRNA was not affected by the stimulation of TNFalpha. Nextly, we examined the effect of CXCL8 on cell growth in Hs700T cells. Addition of recombinant TNFalpha or CXCL8 did not promoted cell growth of Hs700T. High amount of CXCL8 induced by TNFalpha or CXCL8 did not reponse to cell growth. On the other hand, LIF promoted cell growth after activation of STAT3 phosphrylation in Hs-700T cells by IP-Western blotting. The cell growth mechanism by LIF would depend on STAT3 activation. Anti-CXCL8 IgG significantly suppressed cell growth Hs-700T cells. Optimized concentration of CXCL8 would act as an autocrine growth factor in Hs-700T cells, which expressed CXCL8 mRNA highly without stimulation. Curcumin (Diferuloylmethane), NF-kappaB inhibitor, suppressed cell proliferation in Hs-700T cells. &amp;lt;CONCLUSION&amp;gt; These results suggest that CXCL8 play a pivotal role in development and progression of pancreatic cancer, and its expression is regulated by inflammatory cytokines. High concentration of CXCL8 produced by cancer cells could affect neigboring cells in pancreatic tumor microenvironment. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4111.
Preablation Stimulated Thyroglobulin Is a Good Predictor of Successful Ablation in Patients With Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Daniel B. Kendler, Fernanda Vaisman, Rossana Corbo, Rosângela Martins, Mario Vaisman
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2012)

To evaluate the predictive capacity of clinical and laboratory variables in relation to the success of ablation. The variables studied were as follows: thyroglobulin (Tg) in hypothyroidism, before ablation; age; gender; type of carcinoma (papillary or follicular); the tumor stage; the administered activity of I; and the whole-body scan 7 days after ablation.Retrospective review of the medical records of all patients who were admitted to the therapeutic room to undergo treatment with I, from 1998 to 2007. Of the records reviewed, 96 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and had no exclusion criteria. A negative whole-body scan and Tg in hypothyroidism <2 ng/mL, after 6 to 12 months of treatment, were considered as successful ablation.The dosage of Tg in hypothyroidism, measured before the ablation, was the only independent predictor of ablation success in multivariate analysis (P < 0.0001), and the optimal cutoff for this cohort was 18 ng/mL. On univariate analysis, the high-risk staging was predictor of ablation failure.The measurement of Tg in hypothyroidism before ablation might be useful if added to the routine evaluation of patients before I treatment because it was a good predictor of successful ablation.
Abstract 1810: Bystander Administered AED Shock Improves Survival from Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest in US and Canada
Authors: Myron L Weisfeldt, Colleen Griffith, Tom P Aufderheide, Daniel P Davis, Jonathan Dreyer, Erik P Hess, Jonathan Jui, Alexander MacQuarrie, Justin P Maloney, Laurie J Morrison, Graham Nichol, Joseph P Ornato, Judy Powell, Thomas D Rea
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: The Public Access Defibrillation (PAD) trial showed that training and equipping lay volunteers to use an automated external defibrillator (AED) in community settings doubled the numbe...
Dual-Time Point FDG PET Imaging in the Evaluation of Pulmonary Nodules With Minimally Increased Metabolic Activity
Authors: Yan Xiu, Chirdeep Bhutani, Thiruvenkatasamy Dhurairaj, Jian Q. Yu, Simin Dadparvar, Swapna Reddy, Rakesh Kumar, Hua Yang, Abass Alavi, Hongming Zhuang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2007)

FDG PET has high accuracy in the evaluation of lung nodules. A standardized uptake value (SUV) > or =2.5 is frequently used as a criterion for malignancy in this setting. However, some malignant nodules have only mild FDG activity with a SUV less than 2.5. Assessment of the etiology of lung nodules with only mild metabolic activity remains difficult. This study was undertaken to compare the accuracy of dual-time point and standard single-time FDG PET imaging in the evaluation of such lung nodules.Four hundred fifty-seven dual-time FDG PET scans for lung nodules were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 46 met the selection criteria and were included for the final analysis. Five methods of interpreting FDG PET results were compared. These methods included visual analysis for both initial and delayed images; SUV analysis for both initial and delayed images in which a SUV of 2.5 is regarded as criteria for malignancy; and finally, the retention index analysis in which a 10% increase in SUV on the delayed images was regarded as an indication of malignancy.The lowest accuracies came from the visual and single SUV analysis on the initial images. The visual and single SUV analyses on the delayed images produced increased accuracy. The highest accuracy (84.8%) was obtained when a retention index of more than 10% was used as criteria for malignancy.Dual-time FDG PET imaging has the potential for improving accuracy of a test in the evaluation of lung nodules with only borderline levels of increased metabolic activity.
TWO CASES OF TULAREMIA
Authors: W. L. Brosius
Journal: JAMA (1928)

<h3>Case 1.</h3> —<i>Tularemia with agglutination after eighteen years</i>. —In October, 1909, two or three days after killing and dressing wild rabbits, W. L. B., aged 17, noted a hivelike swelling on the second joint of the left fourth finger. Because of a rapid increase in size, the swelling was incised deeply and cauterized with phenol (carbolic acid). Within six hours the patient had severe chills; the temperature rose to 105 F.; red streaks appeared on the arm, and the left axillary glands enlarged rapidly to the size of a hen's egg. The chills and fever continued for about four days, with extreme prostration, delirium and marked loss of weight. The axillary glands remained hard, and the epitrochlear glands did not enlarge. The patient did not recall having seen any rash. The hand and forearm were moderately swollen, but soft. The original lesion became a shallow ulcer with
Ligand-Dependent Activation of EGFR in Follicular Dendritic Cells Sarcoma is Sustained by Local Production of Cognate Ligands
Authors: William Vermi, Emanuele Giurisato, Silvia Lonardi, Piera Balzarini, Elisa Rossi, Daniela Medicina, Daniela Bosisio, Silvano Sozzani, Wilma Pellegrini, Claudio Doglioni, Antonio Marchetti, Giulio Rossi, Stefano Pileri, Fabio Facchetti
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2013)

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological and clinical significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway in follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (FDC-S).Expression of EGFR and cognate ligands as well as activation of EGFR signaling components was assessed in clinical samples and in a primary FDC-S short-term culture (referred as FDC-AM09). Biological effects of the EGFR antagonists cetuximab and panitumumab and the MEK inhibitor UO126 on FDC-S cells were determined in vitro on FDC-AM09. Direct sequencing of KRAS, BRAF, and PI3KCA was conducted on tumor DNA.We found a strong EGFR expression on dysplastic and neoplastic FDCs. On FDC-AM09, we could show that engagement of surface EGFR by cognate ligands drives the survival and proliferation of FDC-S cells, by signaling to the nucleus mainly via MAPK and STAT pathways. Among EGFR ligands, heparin-binding EGF-like growth factor, TGF-α and Betacellulin (BTC) are produced in the tumor microenvironment of FDC-S at RNA level. By extending this finding at protein level we found that BTC is abundantly produced by FDC-S cells and surrounding stromal cells. Finally, direct sequencing of tumor-derived genomic DNA showed that mutations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, and PI3KCA, which predicts resistance to anti-EGFR MoAb in other cancer models, are not observed in FDC-S.Activation of EGFR by cognate ligands produced in the tumor microenvironment sustain viability and proliferation of FDC-S indicating that the receptor blockade might be clinically relevant in this neoplasm.
Endosonographically Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Puncture of Paraesophagogastric Mass Lesions: Preliminary Results
Authors: M. Wegener, R. J. Adamek, B. Wedmann, B. Pfaffenbach
Journal: Endoscopy (1994)

Mass lesions adjacent to the gastroesophageal wall can be visualized in detail by endoscopic ultrasonography. However, in many patients tissue diagnosis of these mass lesions is urgently required. We evaluated the efficiency of transmural fine-needle aspiration puncture guided by endosonography for cytological confirmation of such mass lesions. Endosonographically guided transmural fine-needle aspiration (EUS-guided FNA) puncture was performed in 12 patients with extrinsic mass lesions adjacent to the gastro-esophageal wall. In seven patients a malignant tumor and in four patients a benign lesion, were identified by EUS-guided FNA puncture, while in one patient no diagnostic tissue specimen could be obtained. No complications were observed. The cytological result of a malignant lesion was confirmed in six patients either by autopsy (n = 3), resection of tumor metastasis (n = 1) or by demonstration of a local recurrence of a previously histopathologically diagnosed carcinoma (n = 2), while the benign cytological results in four patients were confirmed by a follow-up period of at least 13 months (n = 3) and appropriate diagnostic tests (n = 1). It is concluded that EUS-guided FNA puncture is an efficient diagnostic technique for the assessment of malignancy and tissue diagnosis of extrinsic paragastroesophageal mass lesions. An important precondition for the successful performance of transmural EUS-guided FNA puncture is the application of endosonographic transducers with longitudinal scanning in the axis of the endoscope.
Gefitinib Plus Celecoxib in Chemotherapy-Naïve Patients with Stage IIIB/IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Phase II Study from the Hoosier Oncology Group
Authors: Anuj Agarwala, William Fisher, Daniel Bruetman, John McClean, David Taber, Michael Titzer, Beth Juliar, Menggang Yu, Tim Breen, Lawrence H. Einhorn, Nasser Hanna
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2008)
93 INTERLEUKIN-10 RELEASED BY M2 KUPFFER CELLS PROMOTES M1 KUPFFER CELL APOPTOSIS: A NOVEL PROTECTIVE MECHANISM AGAINST ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE
Authors: J. Wan, M. Benkdane, F. Teixeira-Clerc, V. Deveaux, A. Louvet, F. Lafdil, F. Pecker, A. Mallat, S. Lotersztajn, C. Pavoine
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Surgical patients are not receiving the care they should, finds inquiry
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The care of patients in the UK before and after surgery needs to be radically overhauled to identify those at high risk of complications and death, to ensure they get the appropriate care, say the authors of a nationwide audit.

The latest National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death (NCEPOD) shows that only half of high risk surgical patients received care that the advisers said they would accept from themselves or their own institutions. 

The inquiry describes a damning list of essential services that are absent in many UK hospitals, putting patients at greater risk of death after surgery. It collected data on 19 097 patients who underwent surgery during one week in March 2010 in 301 hospitals and retrospectively reviewed data on 829 high risk patients.

It found that 16% of hospitals had no preadmission anaesthetic assessment clinic and 17% had no surgical assessment …
Predictive immune biomarker signatures in the tumor microenvironment of melanoma metastases associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy
Authors: Jieqing Chen, Caitlin Creasy, Carlos Antonio Torres-Cabala, Suhendan Ekmekcioglu, Sourindra N Maiti, Charuta Kale, Cara Haymaker, Jason Roszik, Roland L Bassett, Jianhua Hu, Zhiqiang Wang, Wencai Ma, R Eric Davis, Chantale Bernatchez, Patrick Hwu, Laszlo Radvanyi
Journal: Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer (2014)

Meeting abstracts Adoptive cell therapy using autologous TIL is a promising immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma. This study was aimed at finding predictive biomarkers in TIL patients, using IHC and gene expression analysis on original tumors used to expand TIL. The purpose was to find factors
ON THE ISOLATION, CULTIVATION AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE SO-CALLED INTRACELLULAR "SYMBIONT" OR "RICKETTSIA" OF PERIPLANETA AMERICANA
Authors: R. W. Glaser
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1930)

In Periplaneta americana, the large American roach, bacteriocytes are found in both sexes. These bacteriocytes are scattered throughout the fat tissue and their cytoplasm is filled with microorganisms. Evidence is presented to show that the intracellular forms are diphtheroidal bacilli. These diphtheroids are transmitted from one generation to another through the ova. A method is described whereby tissues, free from contaminants, may be obtained from Periplaneta. A medium and a new method, the "spotting technique," are described, by means of which initial cultures of the parasites were obtained from eggs within capsules, from ova and fat tissue bacteriocytes. Two conditions appear necessary, one to initiate adaptation to the new environment, the other to bring its complete realization to fruition. When development has been properly initiated, further adaptation occurs with successive transfers until finally certain other media appear suitable. Approximately 14 per cent of the isolation and cultivation attempts succeeded. All of the isolations were studied and it was found that three morphologically distinct types had been cultivated. In general one host yielded only one type, but one female revealed three types and another two. One type was also isolated once from a fecal emulsion. The probable reason for this result is discussed. The three types isolated were diphtheroidal bacilli resembling one another closely enough to be considered a single species but invariably offering distinct minor differences to warrant a separation into three distinct types. These three types have remained true to their original forms and sizes through 52 transfers. The sizes, general morphology, and tinctorial reactions of the three types cultivated correspond to the intracellular parasites of Periplaneta americana. The cultural and biochemical activities of the strains did not reveal any sound characters for differentiating types. Serologically, however, useful distinctions were found. Some additional evidence along immunological lines is offered to show that the microorganism cultivated is a representative of the identical species parasitic within Periplaneta americana. The evidence appears sound to the writer that the Periplaneta parasite has been isolated and cultivated over 20 times and that it is a bacterium belonging to the genus Corynebacterium (the diphtheroids). For the species the name Corynebacterium periplanetae nov. sp. variety americana is proposed. The three cultural types did not produce forms small enough to pass through the pores of Berkefeld "N" candles.