tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hypoplastic Anaemia Treated by Transfusion of Foetal Haemopoietic Cells
Authors: R. B. Scott, J. Q. Matthias, M. Constandoulakis, H. E. M. Kay, P. F. Lucas, J. D. Whiteside
Journal: BMJ (1961)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~EIAORA temperature and low bicarbonate content of the medium for optimal growth in tissue culture.Twenty-four strains grew only in human-kidney cultures and resembled F.E.B. virus of Salisbury.Seven viruses grew in both human-kidney and monkey-kidney cultures and resem- bled but were not identical to H.G.P. virus of Salisbury.E.C.H.O.28 virus, as well as these new viruses, was associated with an outbreak of colds in October, 1960.Another outbreak in late January and early February was caused primarily by the respiratory syncytial virus which was isolated from 11 specimens.Para-influenza viruses 1 and 2 appeared sporadically.Only one virus was isolated from 191 specimens obtained during convalescence.A similar agent had been isolated from the acute specimen of the same student.The 456 specimens obtained from asymptomatic individuals throughout the study period yielded only two viruses, both growing only in human-kidney cultures.
Anticipated Acceptance of Neighborhood Health Clinics by the Urban Poor
Authors: Leon S. Robertson
Journal: JAMA (1968)

An experimental group of randomly selected, low-income families receiving comprehensive pediatric care have been compared with respect to their anticipated use of new neighborhood health centers to similarly randomly selected families whose medical care is fragmented and uncoordinated in emergency clinics, well-baby clinics, etc. Families now receiving comprehensive care would continue in that program for both health and illness care despite the greater convenience of the neighborhood clinics. The group now receiving fragmented care say they would use the neighborhood clinic for health care, but only 58% expect to use it for illness care. Thus, it is concluded that only to the extent that neighborhood clinics provide personalized, comprehensive care, can we expect them to replace the present uncoordinated, fragmented pattern of health care prevalent in their target population.
Controlling New Prion Diseases
Authors: Raymond P. Roos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Like the murrain — the fifth plague in the biblical story of Exodus, which targeted cattle — a new prion disease called bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) has had a devastating impact. Millions of cattle have been destroyed and billions of dollars spent throughout the world. The socioeconomic, political, and public health toll has been staggering. In this issue of the Journal, Prusiner1 describes prions, the infectious proteins that are responsible for this group of diseases. He also proposes that abnormally processed proteins such as prions cause other neurodegenerative diseases. Prions have remarkable properties for a pathogen: transmissibility with a very . . .
Automatic (spontaneous) propositional and associative learning of first impressions
Authors: James S. Uleman
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Contrary to the target article's claims, social cognition research shows considerable learning (about other people) that is relatively automatic. Some of this learning is propositional (spontaneous trait inferences) and some is associative (spontaneous trait transference). Other dichotomies – for example, between learning explicit and implicit attitudes – are also important. However conceived, human conditioning is not synonymous with human learning.
Quality: Five Images
Authors: Manuel N. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
RESECTION FOR THE RELIEF OF INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION.
Authors: WILLIAM J. MAYO
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The frequent necessity of resection for the relief of intestinal obstruction is a somber commentary on the diagnostic ability of the profession. In the very large majority of cases, delay in surgical interference is responsible rather than the primary cause of the ileus. The favorable cases are those in which there is interruption to the fecal current without vascular strangulation. The need for resection, however, usually arises from the damage to the blood supply rather than from blocking of the intestinal lumen. The important considerations are, first, the extent of vascular involvement; second, the degree of infection; third, amount and toxicity of the obstructed intestinal contents. The upper intestinal tract is comparatively free from pathogenic bacteria. Their number and virulence gradually increase toward the ileocecal orifice, and as demonstrated by Herter, the terminal two feet of the ileum teem with these organisms. The walls of the empty intestine are comparatively
Progress in dementia care is too slow, says watchdog
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The Department of Health’s plans to transform the care of people with dementia in England by 2014 are unlikely to be achieved unless greater priority is given to developing services, says a report from the public spending watchdog.

Although there are examples of excellent practice in dementia care around the country, these are not being shared so their full impact is not being felt, says the report from the National Audit Office. It is also not clear how the £60m (€67m; $97m) allocated to primary care trusts to commission appropriate services in 2009-10 has been spent or whether it has actually been spent on dementia, it says.

The National Dementia Strategy was launched in February 2009 ( BMJ 2009;338:b464, doi:10.1136/bmj.b464) after a report on dementia services by the House of Commons Committee of Public Accounts. The present report follows a request from the committee to investigate progress within 12 months of the strategy’s launch.

When he announced the …
Commentary: Controversies in the Department of Health's clinical guidelines for immunoglobulin use
Authors: P. Fitzharris, M. Hurst
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Variable supply, high product costs, and an increasing demand for both established and off-label indications have made the Department of Health’s development of a management programme for intravenous immunoglobulin use in the United Kingdom essential. This programme includes three core elements: a demand management plan,1 clinical guidelines,2 and a national immunoglobulin database.

Intravenous immunoglobulin is used in over 100 conditions by many different disciplines, and, although there is an adequate evidence base for some indications, this is not the case for many others, even where intravenous immunoglobulin is accepted as the most appropriate treatment. The need for improved clinical trial data is clear, but for rare conditions this is difficult. It is reassuring that feedback from neurologists indicates acceptance that the new national guidelines are similar in content to their existing specialty guidelines,3 but in many areas (such as specific …
More than a third of the world's population lacks basic sanitation
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

About 5.9 billion people, or 87% of the world’s population, used safe drinking water sources in 2008, up from 77% in 1990, says a joint report by Unicef and the World Health Organization. 

However, 884 million people in the world did not get their drinking water from safe sources, says the report. Almost all of these people lived in poor countries, most (84%) in rural areas. In sub-Saharan Africa only 60% of the population used improved water sources.

Progress to basic sanitation continued to lag behind, however, with nearly 39% …
Excess lung cancer risk in a synthetic chemicals plant.
Authors: R J Waxweiler, A H Smith, H Falk, H A Tyroler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1981)

A standardized mortality ratio of 1.49 for respiratory system cancer (42 observed deaths versus 28.2 expected, p less than 0.01) was observed among a cohort of 4806 males employed at a synthetic chemicals plant since its startup in 1942. Upon review of pathologic material, the excess was found to be limited to adenocarcinoma and large cell undifferentiated lung cancer. Many of the workers had been exposed to vinyl chloride, as well as to chlorinated solvents, poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) dust, acrylates and acrylonitrile. To evaluate the association between lung cancer and occupational chemical exposures, detailed work histories for each cohort member were combined with exposure ratings for each of 19 chemicals for each job for each calendar year since 1942. A serially additive expected dose model was then constructed which compared the doses of the chemicals observed for the lung cancer cases to the doses expected based on subcohorts without lung cancer individually matched to the cases. PVC dust appeared to be the most likely etiologic agent (p = 0.037). Time trends of PVC dust exposure indicated a potential latent period of 5-16 years before death.
TOOTH FORMS IN RELATION TO JAW MOVEMENTS.
Authors: ALTON H. THOMPSON
Journal: JAMA (1899)

I-9perature to 104.5 degrees.Upon removal of the dressings, which up this time had not been disturbed, a faint suspicion of pus was found oozing from beneath the skull, in the tempero-sphenoidal fossa.A small probe was carefully pushed between the inner table and dura, upward and backward along the track of this oozing, for a distance of an inch or more.The withdrawal was followed by a few drops of pus, making it evident that a pus cavity was located in the region explored.Deeming it necessary to have the patient under general anesthesia in order to thor- oughly evacuate the epidural abscess, as well as to explore for other infectious foci, it was suggested that ether be administered at once, but to this he emphatically objected, saying that he preferred to die rather than submit to further operative procedures.I then decided to enlarge the fistulous opening as much as possible by hurried but forcible pressure with blunt probe, and trust to drainage for the rest.The passage of the probe, though exceedingly painful, resulted in draining the abscess cavity of, perhaps, a dram of bloody pus.A light gauze dressing was applied.Three hours later the temperature had dropped to 101 degrees, and there was a decided lessening of pain.For two weeks following this the temperature varied, between 101 and 102 degrees, with an occa- sional chill to break the monotony, and for fully ten days longer the temperature varied between 99 and 10Ö degrees.The wound was dry dressed twice daily for three or four days, and then once daily for a week, at the end of which time the parts, including the middle ear, what remained of the mastoid antrum, and
Population based study of use of anticoagulants among patients with atrial fibrillation in the community
Authors: M. Sudlow, H. Rodgers, R. A. Kenny, R. Thomson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Objective: To determine the effect of antibiotic treatment for acute otitis media in children.Design: Systematic search of the medical literature to identify studies that used antibiotics in randomised controlled trials to treat acute otitis media.Studies were examined blind, and the results of those of satisfactory quality of methodology were pooled.Subjects: Six studies of children aged 7 months to 15 years.Main outcome measures: Pain, deafness, and other symptoms related to acute otitis media or antibiotic treatment.Results: 60% of placebo treated children were pain free within 24 hours of presentation, and antibiotics did not influence this.However, at 2-7 days after presentation, by which time only 14% of children in control groups still had pain, early use of antibiotics reduced the risk of pain by 41% (95% confidence interval 14% to 60%).Antibiotics reduced contralateral acute otitis media by 43% (9% to 64%).They seemed to have no influence on subsequent attacks of otitis media or deafness at one month, although there was a trend for improvement of deafness at three months.Antibiotics were associated with a near doubling of the risk of vomiting, diarrhoea, or rashes (odds ratio 1.97 (1.19 to 3.25)).Conclusions: Early use of antibiotics provides only modest benefit for acute otitis media: to prevent one child from experiencing pain by 2-7 days after presentation, 17 children must be treated with antibiotics early. Methods Literature searchWe manually searched titles in Index Medicus from 1958 to 1965 and, by computer, searched Medline and Current Contents from 1966 to August 1994 using combinations of "OTITIS MEDIA" and a search strategy previously described for optimally identifying controlled trials. 7The references of all retrieved studies were searched as well.All identified randomised controlled trials of antimicrobial drugs versus placebo control were included.The data we extracted consisted of severity and duration of pain (midterm and long term), deafness, adverse effects, and recurrent attacks.
P699 PREDICTORS OF HEPATIC STEATOSIS IN A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF EUROPEAN UNTREATED HEPATITIS B SURFACE ANTIGEN (HBsAg) CARRIERS: EVALUATION BY CONTROLLED ATTENUATION PARAMETER (CAP)
Authors: V. Knop, J. Vermehren, M. Friedrich-Rust, T. Welzel, D. Fitting, S. Susser, C. Füller, S. Zeuzem, C. Sarrazin
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Long-term management of sustained, recurrent, symptomatic ventricular tachycardia with amiodarone.
Authors: J C Kaski, L A Girotti, H Messuti, B Rutitzky, M B Rosenbaum
Journal: Circulation (1981)

Twenty-three patients with sustained, recurrent, symptomatic ventricular tachycardia were treated with oral amiodarone. Initial doses were 600-2000 mg/day and maintenance doses were 200-1200 mg/day. Amiodarone was highly effective in 20 patients (87%), seven of whom had a follow-up of 30 months or longer, including two who were followed for 5 years. Three patients died within the first 45 days, three died suddenly after a follow-up of 33.5 months, and four had a nonarrhythmic death after a follow-up of 25 months. Fifteen patients (65%) had no recurrence during a follow-up of 21.5 months, while five (22%) had isolated recurrences during a follow-up of 32.2 months. The average maintenance dose was 713 mg/day in the 15 patients who did not have recurrences and 375 mg/day in the five patients who had recurrences (p less than 0.001). Both short- and long-term tolerance were excellent and there was not a single case in which treatment had to be discontinued. The main disadvantage of amiodarone was that it took an average of 9.5 days to reach anti-arrhythmic efficacy. The main advantages were prolonged duration of action (recurrences occurred only 15-60 days after the drug was discontinued or the dose lowered, virtual absence of contraindications, doses as high as 2000 mg/day were safe and patient compliance was excellent.
Treatment With the Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor Linagliptin or Placebo Followed by Glimepiride in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes With Moderate to Severe Renal Impairment: A 52-Week, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Markku Laakso, Julio Rosenstock, Per-Henrik Groop, Anthony H. Barnett, Baptist Gallwitz, Uwe Hehnke, Ilkka Tamminen, Sanjay Patel, Maximilian von Eynatten, Hans-Juergen Woerle
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is frequently comorbid with type 2 diabetes, and glucose-lowering treatment options are limited for such patients (1). We investigated the efficacy and safety of linagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, in type 2 diabetic patients with moderate to severe renal impairment and insufficient glycemic control.

This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group clinical trial comprised a 12-week, placebo-controlled phase followed by a 40-week, active-controlled extension. The study was conducted between 17 March 2010 and 18 June 2012 at 52 outpatient clinics in nine countries (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01087502). Patients with type 2 diabetes, HbA1c 7.0–10.0% (53–86 mmol/mol), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)  110 mg/dL. The primary end point was change in HbA1c from baseline to week 12 in the full-analysis set (FAS; all randomized patients who received ≥1 dose of study drug and had a baseline and ≥1 postbaseline measurement of HbA1c); missing data were imputed using last observation carried forward. Secondary end points included change in HbA1c from baseline over time. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was evaluated for the treated set (TS; all randomized patients who received ≥1 dose …
Pseudo-Red-Man Syndrome
Authors: Irving E. Salit
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

To the Editor: Red-man syndrome is a well-known erythematous reaction involving the upper trunk in patients who have received vancomycin1. The flushing may be associated with pruritus and hypotension. It appears to be caused by histamine, other mediators, or vancomycin itself. Teicoplanin is a newer glycopeptide antibiotic with an antimicrobial spectrum similar to that of vancomycin, but with a very long half-life. It is not known to be associated with red-man syndrome2. Red-man syndrome appeared to develop in the following patient after he received teicoplanin. The patient was a 65-year-old man who had undergone quadruple coronary-artery bypass surgery. . . .
Experience, attention, and mental representation
Authors: Justin Broackes
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

O'Regan &amp; Noë make plausible that perception involves mastery of sensory-motor dependencies. Their rejection of qualia, however, is less persuasive; as is their view that we see only what we are attending to. At times they seem to oppose “internal representation” in general; I argue that they should in fact only be rejecting crude conceptions of brain picturing.
MAGE-C1/CT7 is the dominant cancer-testis antigen targeted by humoral immune responses in patients with multiple myeloma
Authors: A Curioni-Fontecedro, A J Knights, M Tinguely, N Nuber, C Schneider, C W Thomson, L von Boehmer, W Bossart, S Pahlich, H Gehring, H Moch, C Renner, A Knuth, A Zippelius
Journal: Leukemia (2008)
67Ga Scan in Thymoma
Authors: DEVAYANI PATEL, JULIE MITNICK, PHILIP BRAUNSTEIN, NANCY B. GENIESER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

PATEL, DEVAYANI M.D.; MITNICK, JULIE M.D.; BRAUNSTEIN, PHILIP M.D.; GENIESER, NANCY B. M.D. Author Information
Should Skin Tumor Specimen Be Used as a Template Over the Donor Site?
Authors: Marvin J. Rapaport
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I found the answer to the question concerning skin tumor specimen template<sup>1</sup>to be inappropriate and overly critical. First, the comment that the "principles... stated [by three cited authors] are still valid for the practice of surgery regardless of specialization" might be questioned by someone who is not an abdominal surgeon but who has had surgical training. Second, the question was never answered. Dr Field, who is a specialist in dermatologic surgery, asked whether skin tumor specimens can be used as a template. There are no data in the literature as far as I know that show that tumor cells penetrate through the keratin layer of skin. I am sure that surgeons have instances in their experience and their literature wherein biopsies, needles, or blades have introduced tumor cells deep in the tissue, especially where internal tumors were removed, but I know of no instance in
Incidental Detection of Calcified Dialysis Graft on Tc-99m MDP Bone Scan
Authors: DANIEL T. MYERS, KASTYTIS C. KARVELIS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1998)

A 48-year-old woman with a renal transplant and a history of immunosuppressive steroid use presented with a history of persistent hip pain. She was referred for radionuclide bone scan to evaluate the presence of avascular necrosis. No evidence of avascular necrosis was seen; however, incidental uptake of Tc-99m MDP was seen in a heavily calcified, nonfunctioning, synthetic dialysis access graft in the left groin.
Abdominal Wound Dehiscence after Caesarean Section
Authors: J. Mowat, J. Bonnar
Journal: BMJ (1971)

In a series of 2,175 patients delivered by caesarean section a dehiscence of the abdominal wound occurred in 50. Wound dehiscence was eight times more common with a vertical incision than with a low transverse incision of the abdominal wall; with the vertical incision the incidence of partial and complete dehisence was 2·94% and with the low transverse incision no complete dehiscence occurred and the incidence of partial dehisence was 0·37%. The increased use of the low transverse incision would greatly reduce the serious complication of wound dehiscence after caesarean section.
Comparative efficacy of nonheated and heat‐treated factor IX complex concentrate in treatment of hemophiliacs with inhibitors
Authors: Richard S. Schwartz, Nadia P. Ewing, Toni J. Gorenc, Joel A. Spero
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1989)

Abstract To determine if heat‐treated factor IX complex concentrate is as effective as nonheated factor IX complex concentrate for treatment of subjects with hemophilia A and antifactor VIII antibodies (inhibitor patients), we have retrospectively reviewed consecutive home treatment records of ten inhibitor patients who had been receiving nonheat‐treated factor IX complex concentrate (NHT‐Konyne) and subsequently converted to heat‐treated factor complex concentrate (Konyne‐HT) when it was licensed in late 1984. Overall, 162 of 284 (57%) separate bleeding episodes treated with NHT‐Konyne and 53 of 80 (66.3%) separate bleeding episodes treated with Konyne‐HT required only one treatment course of ∼60‐75 U/kg. The distribution of bleeding sites and the absolute factor IX unitage required per treatment episode were similar for both preparations. These data suggest that the percentage of hemophilic inhibitor patients responding to factor IX complex concentrate remains at least 50%, as was reported several years ago in a controlled study, and that inhibitor bypass activity has not altered by heat treatment.
ASTHMA AND ALLERGY
Authors: Morris H. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (1927)

To the Editor:  —I notice an interesting editorial on asthma and allergy inThe Journal, August 6, page 452.  In my paper in the Archives of Internal Medicine (May, 1927, page 625), I presented conclusions which are, I believe, a step in advance of the conception of the etiologic basis for bronchial asthma. I may say that in a paper on anaphylaxis and roentgen rays ( Klin. Wchnschr.  6 :1027, 1927), Schneider has shown that roentgen rays prevented the death of mammals from anaphylactic shock. This would indicate a chromosomal constitution as the basis for the bronchial asthma.