tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Isotretinoin and Pregnancy—Reply
Authors: Russell H. Ellison
Journal: JAMA (2001)

To the Editor: Mr Vastag's Medical News &amp; Perspectives article1 failed to present a balanced view regarding recruitment challenges for the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) trial and contained inaccurate and misleading information about raloxifene hydrochloride and Eli Lilly and Company.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis Identifies a Distinctive Mutational Spectrum in an Arsenic-Related Lung Tumor
Authors: Victor D. Martinez, Kelsie L. Thu, Emily A. Vucic, Roland Hubaux, Marta Adonis, Lionel Gil, Calum MacAulay, Stephen Lam, Wan L. Lam
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2013)
Educational Requirements for American Board of Internal Medicine
Authors: Palmer H. Futcher
Journal: JAMA (1969)

On June 10, 1969, the American Board of Internal Medicine resolved to initiate changes in its educational requirements for examination, and in the timing of its examinations, which it has had under consideration for the past year. Candidates who have completed a minimum of two full years of postdoctoral education in internal medicine will be admitted to a "qualifying examination" provided they are engaged in a third year of postdoctoral education in internal medicine or a related field at the time that they undertake that examination. Candidates who are successful in the qualifying examination and have provided evidence that they have completed the required three postdoctoral years of education will be awarded a certificate attesting to these accomplishments. This certificate is proposed as the qualifying agent for many physicians preparing themselves for the practice of internal medicine with the goal of serving as a general internist or primary physician. During
Lessons from France--'vive la difference'. The French health care system and US health system reform
Authors: J. E. Fielding
Journal: JAMA (1993)

GERMANY, and Canada, maybe England. These countries are where US policy makers look for lessons applicable to reform of the US health care system. Why not France? France provides almost universal coverage with a uniform comprehensive benefit plan that, unlike those in the United States, includes pharmaceuticals, physical therapy, and even medically prescribed spa treatments. Consumers have coverage that follows them from job to job, including any intervening periods of unemployment. Out-of-pocket costs are capped below the level where they could cause financial hardship. There is free choice of office-based physicians and ancillary service providers for ambulatory care.  France spent 9.1% of its gross domestic product (GDP) on health care in 1991, similar to Canada (10.0%) and Germany (8.5%) but over 4 GDP percentage points less than the United States at 13.4%.1Yet life expectancy in France at 81.1 years for women and 73.0 years for men in 1991
A COMPARISON OF CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE, D-AMPHETAMINE, AND PLACEBO IN THE TREATMENT OF THE HYPERKINETIC SYNDROME IN CHILDREN
Authors: JOEL P. ZRULL, JACK C. WESTMAN, BETTIE ARTHUR, WILLIAM A. BELL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

1. A multi-disciplinary program was developed for clinical study of psychoactive drugs with children. 2. D-amphetamine tended to be more effective than chlordiazepoxide in the reduction of the manifestations of the hyperkinetic syndrome. 3. Both chlordiazepoxide and d-amphetamine tended to be more effective than the placebo.
Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Shared Legacy
Authors: Stewart Rogers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1993)

Literature of Medicine15 July 1993Reviews, Notes, and Listings: Shared LegacyStewart Rogers, MDStewart Rogers, MDMoses Cone Hospital, Greensboro, NC 27401.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-119-2-199307150-00033 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Shared LegacyAlfred Ingegno. 291 pages. New York: Birch Brook Impressions; 1992. $22.00.Literature provides the physician reader with an abstraction of human experience, allowing an examination of character and social dilemma and, at times, a glimpse of what life is all about. In the clinic and on the wards, we strain to discern the diagnostic message in the tale of life, translating persons into patients and their suffering into clues. Somewhere in this process, an essential humanity may be lost, empathy replaced by mere manners, and even the vaunted Art of Medicine distilled to a few parlor tricks of give and ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Moses Cone Hospital, Greensboro, NC 27401. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1993Volume 119, Issue 2Page: 174-175KeywordsAIDSEmotionsFellowshipsGraduate medical educationHIVHIV infectionsHomicideInfectious diseasesSpermYoung adults ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1993 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1993 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Peginterferon Alfa-2b and Ribavirin for 12 vs. 24 Weeks in HCV Genotype 2 or 3
Authors: Alessandra Mangia, Rosanna Santoro, Nicola Minerva, Giovanni L. Ricci, Vito Carretta, Marcello Persico, Francesco Vinelli, Gaetano Scotto, Donato Bacca, Mauro Annese, Mario Romano, Franco Zechini, Fernando Sogari, Fulvio Spirito, Angelo Andriulli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

We hypothesized that in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 2 or 3 in whom HCV RNA is not detectable after 4 weeks of therapy, 12 weeks of treatment is as effective as 24 weeks.A total of 283 patients were randomly assigned to a standard 24-week regimen of peginterferon alfa-2b at a dose of 1.0 mug per kilogram weekly plus ribavirin at a dose of 1000 mg or 1200 mg daily, on the basis of body weight. Of these, 70 patients were assigned to the 24-week regimen (standard-duration group) and 213 patients to a variable regimen (variable-duration group) of 12 or 24 weeks, depending on whether tests for HCV RNA were negative or positive at week 4. The primary end point was HCV that was not detectable by polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) assay 24 weeks after the completion of therapy.In the standard-duration group, 45 (64 percent) patients had HCV that was not detectable by PCR assay at week 4, as compared with 133 (62 percent) in the variable-duration group (difference [the rate in the standard-duration group minus that in the variable-duration group], 2 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, -11 to 15 percent). Fifty-three patients (76 percent) in the standard-duration group and 164 patients (77 percent) in the variable-duration group had a sustained virologic response (difference, -1 percent; 95 percent confidence interval, -13 to 10 percent). Fewer patients in the variable-duration group receiving the 12-week regimen had adverse events and withdrew than in the group receiving the 24-week regimen (P=0.045). The rate of relapse (defined as HCV not detectable at the end of treatment but detectable at the end of follow-up) was 3.6 percent in the standard-duration group and 8.9 percent in the variable-duration group (P=0.16). Overall, the rate of sustained virologic response was 80 percent among patients with HCV genotype 2 and 66 percent among those with genotype 3 (P<0.001).A shorter course of therapy over 12 weeks with peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin is as effective as a 24-week course for patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3 who have a response to treatment at 4 weeks.
FDA: Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination Outweigh Potential Contamination Risk
Authors: Bridget M. Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Diagnosis of Sarcoidosis
Authors: HAROLD L. ISRAEL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

A diagnosis of sarcoidosis should usually be supported by demonstration of sarcoid granulomas in an excised tissue or Kveim nodule. Kveim test material has not been readily available to American physicians due to difficulties in production of splenic extracts that are potent, specific, and stable. Kveim reactions occur most consistently in patients whose sarcoidosis is manifested by erythema nodosum. It is also valuable in other fresh cases with few or no symptoms; an unequivocal Kveim reaction may be obtained in 60 to 80% of such patients, making hospitalization for biopsy procedures unnecessary. The test is less useful in hospitalized patients. Biopsy procedures developed in recent years more rapidly and more consistently provide histologic evidence of sarcoidosis. Atypical sarcoidosis may be difficult to distinguish from unusual mycobacterial or fungal disease, but emphasis on pitfalls that are rarely encountered should not obscure the fact that with careful study accurate diagnosis is achieved in most cases. Greater precision is unlikely until the active fraction in Kveim test material is identified or the cause of sarcoidosis discovered.
Patients' Responsibility to Participate in Decision Making and Research
Authors: Mary E. Tinetti, Ethan Basch
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Urinary and synovial pyridinium crosslink concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
Authors: L Sinigaglia, M Varenna, L Binelli, F Bartucci, M Arrigoni, R Ferrara, G Abbiati
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1995)

OBJECTIVES--To assess urinary and synovial concentrations of hydroxypyridinium crosslinks of collagen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) and to evaluate whether a combined measurement in the two compartments could give additional information about the origin of these compounds in joint diseases. METHODS--Concentrations of hydroxypyridinoline (HP) and lysylpyridinoline (LP) were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography in urinary and synovial samples collected from 20 patients with RA and 20 patients with knee OA. Full laboratory and clinical assessments were performed. RESULTS--Urinary concentrations of both HP and LP were significantly greater in RA than in OA. Urinary HP in RA correlated with the number of swollen joints corrected for Lansbury index and with erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein. In synovial fluid from both groups, only relatively small amounts of HP were measured, while bone type I collagen specific LP was below the limit of detection in all samples. In RA patients, but not in OA patients, there was a strong correlation between urinary and synovial concentrations of HP (r = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS--The results underline the relationship between urinary HP and disease extent and activity in RA. The findings in synovial fluid support the hypothesis of an extraskeletal origin of HP in chronic joint diseases in which cartilage and synovial turnover may be increased.
Diverse compounds mimic Alzheimer disease–causing mutations by augmenting Aβ42 production
Authors: Thomas Kukar, Michael Paul Murphy, Jason L Eriksen, Sarah A Sagi, Sascha Weggen, Tawnya E Smith, Thomas Ladd, Murad A Khan, Rajashaker Kache, Jenny Beard, Mark Dodson, Sami Merit, Victor V Ozols, Panos Z Anastasiadis, Pritam Das, Abdul Fauq, Edward H Koo, Todd E Golde
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
α-Galactosidase A Deficiency Accelerates Atherosclerosis in Mice With Apolipoprotein E Deficiency
Authors: Peter F. Bodary, Yuechun Shen, Fernando B. Vargas, Xiaoming Bi, Kristen A. Ostenso, Shufang Gu, James A. Shayman, Daniel T. Eitzman
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— α-Galactosidase A ( Gla ) deficiency leads to widespread tissue accumulation of neutral glycosphingolipids and is associated with premature vascular complications such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Glycosphingolipids have been shown to accumulate in human atherosclerotic lesions, although their role in atherogenesis is unclear. Methods and Results— To determine whether Gla affects the progression of atherosclerosis, mice were generated with combined deficiencies of apolipoprotein E and Gla . At 45 weeks of age, Gla -deficient mice had developed more atherosclerosis than mice with normal Gla expression (25.1±14.0 versus 12.3±9.3 mm 2 of total lesion area, P &lt;0.02). This increase in atherosclerosis was associated with the presence of increased Gb3, enhanced inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and increased nitrotyrosine staining. Conclusions— These findings suggest that deficiency of Gla leads to increased inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and accelerated atherosclerosis.
707 FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPOSIBILITY TO OBTAIN RELIABLE LIVER STIFFNESS MEASUREMENTS BY MEANS OF ACOUSTIC RADIATION FORCE IMPULSE ELASTOGRAPHY (ARFI)
Authors: S. Bota, I. Sporea, R. Sirli, A. Popescu, A. Jurchis, M. Danila, D. Suseanu, O. Gradinaru-Tascau, S. Racean
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Specialization in Health Care
Authors: Michael M. E. Johns, Haile T. Debas, Robert H. Miller
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Italy must find new ways to fund and organise its health service, prime minister says
Authors: M. Day
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Italy’s tax funded national health service is unsustainable in its current form, the country’s prime minister, Mario Monti, has claimed.

His comments were sharply criticised by health unions and many politicians. But some health economists agreed that demographic changes and poor economic growth meant that new forms of funding would have to be considered.

“Sustainability will not be guaranteed if in the next two years we do not find new …
Non-neurogenic contractions in isolated coronary arteries by brief electrical pulses
Authors: S. Kalsner
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1994)

The aim was to describe a novel form of non-neurogenic coronary artery contraction.Superfused cattle coronary artery preparations in vitro were placed between platinum electrodes and stimulated.The preparations responded to exceedingly brief transmural stimulation (a single ten thousandth of a second pulse) with long lasting [150(SEM 18.5) s] contractions. These previously undescribed contractions were not reduced by neural blockade nor did they involve free radicals, prostaglandins, or the endothelium. In contrast to the rapid loss of responses to KCl in zero calcium Krebs solution, responses to stimulation were only progressively diminished over many minutes, suggesting involvement of internal calcium stores. The L channel calcium antagonists nifedipine and diltiazem markedly reduced contractions to KCl but did not materially alter those to 1, 5, or 10 stimulation pulses, nor did the T channel antagonist tetramethrin, further supporting the involvement of stored calcium in contractions to stimulation. Evidence was obtained that neither Na+/K(+)-ATPase nor the Na+/Ca+ exchanger are involved in the contractions to stimulation. Ryanodine in zero calcium Krebs solution potentiated contractions to stimulation with 10 pulses and also to endothelin, but depressed contractions to U 46619.Stimulation at excitation parameters well below those associated with neurotransmitter release activates a highly effective contraction sequence that may use a ryanodine insensitive pool of bound calcium. This novel process may have physiological and pathophysiological relevance and provides a means of activating contraction in a coronary artery and studying its time course and contributory components, without the complicating participation of an agonist drug.
Treatment of Gastric Ulcer and Anuria in 1876
Authors: Arthur E. MacNeill
Journal: JAMA (1964)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> A clinical note published in the Oct 5 issue ofThe Journal(<b>186</b>:68, 1963) calls attention to cases of anuria lasting as long as 30 days, but with fatal outcome. It is important in these days of effective treatment by blood dialysis and peritoneal irrigation to remind ourselves of the great importance of the overall care of the patient. For several years I have circulated copies of an account of the treatment of anuria as it was carried out in 1876. I have prepared the following abstract of the account: On Oct 1, 1876, Dr. W. B. Geike, Professor of Medicine at Trinity College, Toronto, reported in the Canada<i>Lancet</i>a case of suppression of the urine for 30 days. A 22-year-old female had an "alarming gastric hemorrhage" with pallor and transient puffiness of the face and limbs. Urine was of normal specific gravity with no
Herpes virus linked to multiple sclerosis
Authors: D. Josefson
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Researchers at the National Institute of Neurologic Disorders and Stroke in the United States have uncovered more evidence linking the herpes virus to multiple sclerosis ( Nature Medicine 1997;3: 1394-7).

Epidemiological studies have pointed to a link between multiple sclerosis and early childhood exposure to an infectious or environmental agent. Herpes viruses are good candidates because they stay in the body for a long time and affect the neurological system. Typically, they cause an initial infection in infancy or childhood followed by a …
Malignant Melanoma Presenting as a Mediastinal Mass
Authors: Laura Feldman
Journal: JAMA (1979)

PRIMARY malignant melanoma almost always occurs in the skin, but may occur in other sites where melanin cells reside, eg, the eye, oronasal mucosa, and anorectal region. There have been cases of primary melanoma in the oral cavity, esophagus, gallbladder, uterus, genitourinary tract, and meninges as well as 13 reported cases of melanoma in the thorax.<sup>1</sup>We have recently encountered an unusual case of malignant melanoma presenting as a mediastinal mass, which is, to our knowledge, the first reported case. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 31-year-old man was admitted because a chest roentgenogram disclosed a mediastinal mass (Fig 1). He complained of general malaise, weight loss, temperature spikes, and jaundice (the latter secondary to proved hemolytic anemia). In particular, there was no history of an enlarging or changing nevus, and findings from dermatologic, ophthalmologic, and laryngoscopic examinations failed to show any evidence of melanoma. There was no peripheral lymphadenopathy.
971 ROLE OF IL-17, IL-6, AND IL-2 IN CIRRHOTIC AND NON-CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITH HEPATITIS B VIRUS-ASSOCIATED HEPATOCELLLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: Q. Wang, M.I. Fiel, K.R. Parikh, F. Manizate, W. Luan, D.M. Labow, S.P. Hiotis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Familial risk of early and late onset cancer: nationwide prospective cohort study
Authors: E. Kharazmi, M. Fallah, K. Sundquist, K. Hemminki
Journal: BMJ (2012)

To determine whether familial risk of cancer is limited to early onset cases.Nationwide prospective cohort study.Nationwide Swedish Family-Cancer Database.All Swedes born after 1931 and their biological parents, totalling >12.2 million individuals, including >1.1 million cases of first primary cancer.Familial risks of the concordant cancers by age at diagnosis.The highest familial risk was seen for offspring whose parents were diagnosed at an early age. Familial risks were significantly increased for colorectal, lung, breast, prostate, and urinary bladder cancer and melanoma, skin squamous cell carcinoma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, even when parents were diagnosed at age 70-79 or 80-89. When parents were diagnosed at more advanced ages (≥ 90), the risk of concordant cancer in offspring was still significantly increased for skin squamous cell carcinoma (hazard ratio 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 2.7), colorectal (1.6, 1.2 to 2.0), breast (1.3, 1.0 to 1.6), and prostate cancer (1.3, 1.1 to 1.6). For offspring with a cancer diagnosed at ages 60-76 whose parents were affected at age <50, familial risks were not significantly increased for nearly all cancers.Though the highest familial risks of cancer are seen in offspring whose parents received a diagnosis of a concordant cancer at earlier ages, increased risks exist even in cancers of advanced ages. Familial cancers might not be early onset in people whose family members were affected at older ages and so familial cancers might have distinct early and late onset components.