tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Engaging Primary Care Clinicians in Early Obesity Prevention Research
Authors: Myles S. Faith, Nicolas Stettler, Angelo Pietrobelli
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tripe palms and malignancy.
Authors: P R Cohen, M E Grossman, L Almeida, R Kurzrock
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

Tripe palms are characterized clinically by thickened velvety palms with pronounced dermatoglyphics. We describe two patients with triple palms and pulmonary tumors, and review the 77 patients with idiopathic- and malignancy-associated tripe palms reported in the world literature. The majority (94%) of published cases of tripe palms occurred in patients with cancer; only five patients showed no evidence of an associated malignancy. Tripe palms were frequently seen in conjunction with acanthosis nigricans (77% of cases), although they can occur alone (23% of cases). In cancer patients with tripe palms alone, the most common underlying neoplasm was pulmonary carcinoma (53% of cases), whereas patients with both tripe palms and acanthosis nigricans frequently had gastric (35% of cases) or pulmonary (11% of cases) carcinomas. A wide variety of other solid tumors have also been observed. Importantly, in over 40% of patients, tripe palms were the presenting feature of a previously undiagnosed malignancy. Therefore, all patients with tripe palms should be evaluated with a full diagnostic work-up for an associated malignancy, particularly lung or gastric carcinoma.
Management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in patients with epidermolysis bullosa: best clinical practice guidelines
Authors: J.E. Mellerio, S.J. Robertson, C. Bernardis, A. Diem, J.D. Fine, R. George, D. Goldberg, G.B. Halmos, M. Harries, M.F. Jonkman, A. Lucky, A.E. Martinez, E. Maubec, S. Morris, D.F. Murrell, F. Palisson, E.I. Pillay, A. Robson, J.C. Salas‐Alanis, J.A. McGrath
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

This article summarizes recommendations reached following a systematic literature review and expert consensus on the diagnosis and management of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas in people with epidermolysis bullosa. The guidelines are intended to help inform decision making by clinicians dealing with this complex complication of a devastating disease.
Predictive factors of a delayed culture conversion under tuberculosis treatment
Authors: Céline Lecerf, Youcef Douadi, Aurore Lagrange, Vincent Jounieaux, Claire Andrejak
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Patients treated for tuberculosis need classically to be isolated until smears become negative. In clinical practice, bacteriological control specimens are usually performed after 15 days of treatment but culture conversion could last longer.  Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the predictive factors for delayed culture conversion. All consecutive patients hospitalized between 2006 and 2010 in two French hospitals for active tuberculosis with positive smears were included in this study.  Results: 34 patients were included, with 70% of males. One third of them were born in a foreign country (N= 11). Four patients reported a previous tuberculosis but none presented a multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. The vast majority (97%) received classical antibiotherapy for tuberculosis. The mean duration for negative smears was 54 days and the mean duration for culture conversion was 72 days. Only 47% were discharged from hospital after 15 days of treatment. Patients having positive culture at days 30 remain positive at day 60 (culture). For 75% of patients, the culture conversion took less than 90 days. Solidary cavitary lesion was not associated with a longer delay for culture conversion contrary to extensive lesions (more than 2 lesions). Positive correlations were found between time from first symptom to diagnosis and culture conversion duration.  Conclusion: Culture conversion duration was long in this population. The main predictive factors were the number of lesions and the time between symptoms and diagnosis.
Neratinib (N) with or Without Temsirolimus (Tem) in Patients (Pts) with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (Nsclc) Carrying Her2 Somatic Mutations: an International Randomized Phase Ii Study
Authors: B. Besse, J-C. Soria, B. Yao, M. Kris, B. Chao, A. Cortot, J. Mazieres, M.A. Socinski, L. Horn, S. Waqar, F. Barlesi, J.E. Gray, D. Moro-Sibilot, A. Oton, E. Quoix, A. Lalani, L. McCulloch, R. Bryce, L. Gandhi
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Distinction of Seventy-One Cultured Human Tumor Cell Lines by Polymorphic Enzyme Analysis<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3">3</xref>
Authors: W C Wright, W P Daniels, J Fogh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

A large collection of cultured human tumor cell lines was characterized for the phenotypes of 16 polymorphic enzyme loci: ACP1, ADA, AK1, ESD, FUCA, GLO1, GOT2, G6PD, ME2, PEPA, PEPB, PEPC, PEPD, PGD, PGM1, and PGM3 primarily to detect and monitor against cell line contamination. Among 100 highly characterized cell lines, 59 lines from different patients and 6 pairs of lines (each pair from the same patient's tumor) had unique phenotype combinations and were therefore presumed to be authentic, uncontaminated cell lines. Besides these 71 lines, the remaining 29 lines consisted of several small groups of two to three lines, each group having a different combination and being among the more frequent in the normal population. The 29 lines, therefore, were not suspected to be contaminants. Among unusual findings were the ME2 1 plus 2 phenotype determined for two bladder tumor lines, a G6PD A phenotype found in a line of Caucasian origin determined not to be a HeLa contaminant, and asymmetrical heterozygous phenotypes in several lines. Except for kidney tumor lines, there was no correlation of adenosine deaminase tissue isoenzymes between tumor lines and normal tissues of origin. For several enzymes significant deviations were found in proportions of the phenotypes observed in Caucasian cell lines from expected proportions on the basis of normal population data, indicating possible natural selection among these lines in tissue culture or among the patients of origin.
Delays in Surgery for Patients With Coronary Stents Placed After Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: John T. Killian, Carla N. Holcomb, Laura A. Graham, Joshua S. Richman, Mary T. Hawn
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

The increase in mortality could be attributed to changes in the virulence of the C difficile strains, although we are unable to determine this owing to the limitations of the data set.We were unable to examine variables such as antibiotic regimen, severity of disease, physical examination findings, immunosuppression, presence of end-organ failure, patient frailty status, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score, and signs of sepsis and leukocytosis, which have been identified as factors associated with mortality in prior published reports. 3Another limitation of this database is the use of ICD-9 codes rather than the use of clinical and radiographic criteria, which are not available in this database.The mortality rates associated with C difficile-associated megacolon have been reported to range from 38% to 80%, with early diagnosis crucial in improving mortality, but they are based on case studies and case series. 4-6The Nationwide Inpatient Sample database is limited to single admissions; further study is needed to examine long-term survival among these patients.By using a national data set spanning a decade (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010), we were able to study the largest group to date.This study draws attention to the tremendous burden of C difficile on patient mortality, health care costs and resources, and transitional care and the need for aggressive prevention of this iatrogenic disease.Despite the rarity of C difficile-associated megacolon, our findings suggest that health care professionals should have a heightened suspicion of megacolon in patients with C difficile infection and a lower threshold for transferring infected patients to intensive care units, where goal-directed resuscitation is most feasible.
Prognostic significance of complete surgical resection of pulmonary metastases in patients with osteogenic sarcoma: analysis of 32 patients.
Authors: A M Goorin, M J Delorey, E E Lack, R D Gelber, K Price, J R Cassady, R Levey, D Tapper, N Jaffe, M Link
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Between 1972 and 1981, 93 patients with extremity osteogenic sarcoma without detectable metastatic disease were treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy. Fifty-two patients remain continuously free of disease. Thirty-two of the 41 patients who relapsed had pulmonary metastases only and 26 underwent thoracotomy to remove all metastatic disease. Complete resection was possible in 11 of 26 patients as defined by the removal of all macroscopic disease, no microscopic disease at resection margins, and no histologic evidence of pleural disruption by tumor. Nine of 11 patients are currently free of disease with a median duration of most recent remission of 42 months (range, 3-72 months). Four of these nine patients have had only one relapse. Only two of 15 patients with incomplete resection of metastatic disease defined by the above criteria are currently free of disease for 57 and 101 months. A significant difference in survival from initial relapse for patients made surgically free of disease using this stringent criteria was observed even when the result is stratified for time to first relapse and number of pulmonary nodules (p = 0.005). A subgroup of patients within the group undergoing thoracotomies who can be expected to have an improved survival has been defined.
Anti-inflammatory activity of doxofylline and theophylline in LPS-induced lung inflammation
Authors: Yanira Riffo-Vasquez, Clive Page
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Doxofylline and theophylline are two xanthine drugs that show both bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory actions. Data has suggested that doxofylline has a wider therapeutic window than theophylline however, the precise mechanism of action of doxofylline is unknown and its anti-inflammatory activity has not been widely investigated.  Methods : Doxofylline (0.3 mg/kg i.p.) and Theophylline (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were given -24, -1 and 6 h after LPS (10 µg/mice, i.n.) in Balb/c mice. Lung lavage was performed 24 h later. In other experiments, doxofylline (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) was given -24, -1 and 6 h after injection of LPS (10 µg) into the scrotal sac. Mice were prepared for intravital microscopy 24h later.  Results : LPS recruited significantly higher number of neutrophils (PMN) to the lung (mean±SEM) compared to saline (saline:0±0  vs  LPS:2.4±0.2 x10 6 cells/ml, n =4). Doxofylline (Doxo) significantly inhibited the recruitment of PMN (LPS/Doxo:1.4±0.2 x10 6 cells/ml, n =4; p vs  LPS alone). Theophylline (Theo) did not alter the recruitment of PMN in response to LPS (LPS:1.9±0.2 x10 6 cells/ml  vs  LPS/Theo:2.5±0.2 x10 6 cells/ml, n=8). Mice showed an accumulation of cells in the tissue (cells/50µm 2 ) (saline:0±0  vs  LPS:9.3±2.5, n=4; p 2 ) in 30 sec (saline:0.2±0.2  vs  LPS:5.3±2.4, n =4, p vs  LPS alone) but significantly increased cell rolling (10.2±3.0, n=4; p vs  LPS alone).  Conclusion:  Doxofylline significantly reduced cell transmigration in response to LPS, supporting an anti-inflammatory action.
Familiar Medical Quotations.
Authors: D J Dodds
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

Seven thousand quotations under 400 categories makes a formidable collection designed for browsing and reference.The connection between medicine, even in its broadest sense, and some of the quotations is tenuous in the extreme and some entries are very pedestrian.Modern authorities could be given m?re space and it is disappointing to find that three or four quotations attributed to one author are all taken from one of his works.However, this ^arge book represents an enormous volume of work and it must become an essential work of reference that will improve greatly in subsequent editions.
Treatment of Gram-positive Nosocomial Pneumonia
Authors: J.-Y. FAGON, H. PATRICK, D. W. HAAS, A. TORRES, C. GIBERT, W. G. CHEADLE, R. E. FALCONE, J. D. ANHOLM, F. PAGANIN, T. C. FABIAN, F. LILIENTHAL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Nosocomial pneumonia is a frequent complication in hospitalized patients. Gram-positive pathogens, particularly Staphylococcus aureus, are responsible for the increasing frequency of nosocomial pneumonia. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of intravenous quinupristin/dalfopristin (Synercid) in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by gram-positive pathogens we conducted a prospective, randomized, open-label, international, multicenter, comparative clinical trial. Two hundred ninety-eight patients with nosocomial pneumonia were enrolled in 74 active centers in five countries: a subgroup of 171 (87 quinupristin/dalfopristin-treated and 84 vancomycin-treated patients) were evaluable for the major efficacy end points. One hundred fifty received 7.5 mg/kg of quinupristin/dalfopristin every 8 h; 148 patients received 1 g of vancomycin every 12 h. Aztreonam at a dose of 2 g every 8 h could be administered in both groups for coverage of gram-negative organisms, and tobramycin was added for coverage against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The primary efficacy end point was the clinical response between the seventh and the thirteenth day after the end of treatment in clinically evaluable patients with documented causative pathogen(s) at baseline (bacteriologically evaluable population). Therapy was clinically successful (cure or improvement) in 49 (56.3%) of patients receiving quinupristin/dalfopristin and 49 (58.3%) patients receiving vancomycin (difference, -2.0% [95% CI, -16.8% to 12.8%]) in the bacteriologically evaluable population. Equivalent clinical success rates were also observed in the all-treated population (n = 298), and in the bacteriologically evaluable patients intubated in baseline (39/72 [54%] compared with 36/67 [54%]). The by-pathogen bacteriologic response was similar in both treatment groups, with equivalent clinical success rates for Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Adverse events (venous and nonvenous) were equally distributed between groups; 15.3% of quinupristin/dalfopristin patients and 9.5% of vancomycin patients discontinued therapy because of an adverse clinical event. In this study quinupristin/dalfopristin was shown to be equivalent to vancomycin in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by gram-positive pathogens. Quinupristin/dalfopristin merits further evaluation for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia caused by methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
Simple risk score for colon cancer identifies people likely to benefit from colonoscopy:
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A simple scoring system for colon cancer risk accurately identifies people at low risk for colorectal cancer who can be screened by less invasive methods than colonoscopy, as well as those at high risk in whom colonoscopy may be preferred, shows a US cross sectional study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine .1

Researchers studied 4500 consecutive people aged 50 to 89 who were scheduled to have their first screening colonoscopy at endoscopy units in the mid-western states of the United States from December 2004 to September 2011. Just over 3000 people were included …
Combination treatment may help patients with COPD, but does not improve mortality.
Authors: Sundari Ampikaipakan
Journal: Thorax (2007)

▴ Calverley PM, Anderson JA, Celli B. Salmeterol and fluticasone propionate and survival in chronic obstructive disease. N Engl J Med2007;356:775–89.

[OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3]



This multicentre, randomised, double blind trial comparing the combination of salmeterol and fluticasone propionate 50/500μg twice daily with placebo, salmeterol alone or fluticasone alone was carried out over a period of 3 years. Subjects included current or ex-smokers with at least a 10-pack year history, a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and a prebronchodilator forced …

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Clinical Evaluation of Once-Weekly Dosing of Epoetin Alfa in Chemotherapy Patients: Improvements in Hemoglobin and Quality of Life Are Similar to Three-Times-Weekly Dosing
Authors: Janice L. Gabrilove, Charles S. Cleeland, Robert B. Livingston, Brenda Sarokhan, Eric Winer, Lawrence H. Einhorn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

To prospectively evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and clinical benefits of once-weekly epoetin alfa therapy as an adjunct to chemotherapy in anemic cancer patients.A total of 3,012 patients with nonmyeloid malignancies who received chemotherapy were enrolled onto this multicenter, open-label, nonrandomized study conducted in 600 United States community-based practices. Patients received epoetin alfa 40,000 U once weekly, which could be increased to 60,000 U once weekly after 4 weeks dependent on hemoglobin response. Treatment was continued for a maximum of 16 weeks.Among the 2,964 patients assessable for efficacy, epoetin alfa therapy resulted in significant increases in hemoglobin levels, decreases in transfusion requirements, and improvements in functional status and fatigue as assessed by the linear analog scale assessment (energy level, ability to perform daily activities, and overall quality of life) and the anemia subscale of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anemia questionnaire. Improvements in quality-of-life parameters correlated significantly (P <.001) with increased hemoglobin levels. The direct relationship between hemoglobin and quality-of-life improvement was sustained during the 16-week study period, which is similar to findings of large community-based trials of three-times-weekly dosing. Once-weekly epoetin alfa was well tolerated, with most adverse events attributed to the underlying disease or concomitant chemotherapy.The results from this large, prospective, community-based trial suggest that once-weekly epoetin alfa therapy increases hemoglobin levels, decreases transfusion requirements, and improves quality of life in patients with cancer and anemia who undergo concomitant chemotherapy. Based on the results of this study, the clinical benefits and the adverse event profile of once-weekly epoetin alfa therapy in community-based practice are similar to those observed in the historical experience with the three-times-weekly dosage schedule.
Rapid disease progression is an important cause of death in IPF
Authors: S H Siddiqui
Journal: Thorax (2005)

▴ Martinez FJ, Safrin S, Weycker D, et al for the IPF Study Group. The clinical course of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Ann Intern Med2005;142:963–8





The authors examined data generated from the placebo arm of a large multicentre double blind trial of interferon-γ1b in patients with mild to moderate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), collected over a median period of 76 weeks at 12 weekly intervals.

IPF was diagnosed according to the ATS criteria, by surgical lung biopsy or established HRCT criteria in 168 patients …
Lower limb strength and postural steadiness are related to COPD severity
Authors: Irene Torres-Sánchez, Laura Cerón-Lorente, Silvia Merlos-Navarro, Paz Moreno-Ramírez, Adelina Martín-Salvador, Marie Carmen Valenza
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction:  Peripheral muscle strength and postural steadiness are adversely affected in patients with COPD. It remains unknown if there is a difference in exercise capacity in patients which are in different stage of the disease.   Objetive:  The aim of this study was to characterize and to determine if there is any difference between physical status and the severity of the disease (GOLD III- GOLD IV) in stable COPD patients.   Methods:  Quadriceps strength was assessed with a hand-held dynamometer and postural steadiness was measured with one leg stance test (OLS)   Results:  ninety COPD patients were included in the study, fifty of them were in GOLD stage III and forty were in GOLD stage IV. Mean age was 71 years old. The results are shown in table 1:   Conclusion:  According to the results, postural steadiness and disease severity are strongly associated in COPD patients. These findings highlight the importance of balance assessment in COPD patients.