tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
<i>Vegetable Dinner</i>
Authors: Jeanette M. Smith
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Experimental Renal Hypertension in Dogs FORELIMB HEMODYNAMICS
Authors: Henry W. Overbeck, Booker T. Swindall, Daniel F. Cowan, Michael C. Fleck
Journal: Circulation Research (1971)

Blood flow arid segmental intravascular pressures were measured in the pump-perfused forelimb vascular beds of 25 dogs with chronic perinephritic hypertension and 26 normotensive control dogs (either unilaterally nephrectomized or sham-operated) under pentobarbital anesthesia. Measurements were made under resting conditions (pump-perfusion pressure set equal to aortic pressure) and during response to: (1) stepwise changes in pump blood flow over the range 21-330 ml/min; (2) intrabrachial arterial injection of supramaximal doses of methacholine chloride; and (3) limb denervation. Total limb vascular resistance and segmental pressure gradients were calculated. In hypertensive dogs, as compared to normotensive dogs, resting blood flow was equal ( P &gt;0.3) and resting limb total vascular resistance was increased ( P &lt;0.005). Small vessel pressure gradient was increased ( P &lt;.005) and venous pressure gradient was decreased ( P &lt;0.005). Limb vascular resistance following methacholine injections and residual resistance following neurectomy were lower ( P &lt;0.05) in normotensive than in hypertensive dogs. The development of hypertension was accompanied by the upward displacement of limb flow-resistance curves without discernible change in shape of the curves. These data suggest that in chronic renal hypertension in dogs: (1) the limb vascular bed participates in the increased peripheral vascular resistance; (2) the increase in limb vascular resistance is confined to the small vessel segment with no evidence found for limb venoconstriction; (3) a portion of the elevated limb vascular resistance is not attributable to neural stimuli; and (4) structural changes in vessels may account for part of the increase in limb resistance.
Physical activity exercise and cardiovascular health
Authors: M Manca
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2006)

Over the last few decades, evidence on the beneficial effects of physical activity on health has been accumulating, and public health awareness has increased about the tangible benefits of promoting active habits among the general population.1,2 In Nebraska (USA), investment in cycling and pedestrian trail paths has been offset by the direct health benefits alone.3 Studies on physical activity have focused more and more on dose-response effects4 and specific effects of different types of training,5 and also on the effects of detraining6 and side effects of exercise, which seem to be minimal but may occur if …
SOME OBSERVATIONS ON THE TOXIC EFFECTS OF CHROME ON THE NOSE, THROAT AND EAR.
Authors: JOHN N. MACKENZIE
Journal: JAMA (1884)

Read in the Section of Ophthalmology, Otology and Laryngology of American Medical Association, May, 1884. Among the many inconveniences from which those directly engaged in the manufacture of chrome suffer, the most prominent, perhaps, consist of a group of symptoms referable to the respiratory tract, and especially the nasal cavities and their dividing septum. In the chrome factory of this city, the workmen employed in the chambers where the bichromate is made, almost invariably acquire perforation of the cartilaginous portion of the latter from the irritating and corrosive action of the fumes and floating dust evolved during the chemistry of its manufacture. This destruction of the cartilaginous septum appears to be the most prominent anatomical lesion, and occurs with such striking frequency, that it may be looked upon as a characteristic and constant sign of this particular form of chrome poisoning. Perforation occurs, as a rule, with great rapidity; generally
F-18 FDG PET in Spinal Cord Pilocytic Astrocytoma
Authors: Pei-Shan Wu, Wei-Jen Yao
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 3-year-old boy presented with a rare case of spinal cord pilocytic astrocytoma. Total removal of the spinal cord tumor was impossible and chemotherapy was chosen for adjunctive therapy. He was given a craniotomy, temozolomide, and chemotherapy. Despite high overall response rates to chemotherapy in low-grade astrocytomas, MRI showed no significant tumor regression. An F-18 FDG PET/CT to evaluate treatment response showed an elongated hypermetabolic spinal cord tumor from C1 to T7. Intense FDG uptake indicated a significant residual pilocytic astrocytoma. Because of his poor response to chemotherapy, the patient was referred for radiotherapy.
Ophthalmological side-effects of 13-cis-retinoid therapy
Authors: B.W. Ensink, P.C. Voorst Vader
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

Journal Article Ophthalmological side‐effects of 13‐cis‐retinoid therapy Get access B.W. Ensink, B.W. Ensink Departments of Ophthalmology and Dermatology, Academisch Ziekenhuis, 9713 EZ Groningen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C. van Voorst Vader P.C. van Voorst Vader Departments of Ophthalmology and Dermatology, Academisch Ziekenhuis, 9713 EZ Groningen, The Netherlands Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 108, Issue 5, 1 May 1983, Page 627, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1983.tb01068.x Published: 01 May 1983
Hijacking the Chromatin Remodeling Machinery: Impact of<i>SWI/SNF</i>Perturbations in Cancer
Authors: Bernard Weissman, Karen E. Knudsen
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract There is increasing evidence that alterations in chromatin remodeling play a significant role in human disease. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex family mobilizes nucleosomes and functions as a master regulator of gene expression and chromatin dynamics whose functional specificity is driven by combinatorial assembly of a central ATPase and association with 10 to 12 unique subunits. Although the biochemical consequence of SWI/SNF in model systems has been extensively reviewed, the present article focuses on the evidence linking SWI/SNF perturbations to cancer initiation and tumor progression in human disease. [Cancer Res 2009;69(21):8223–30]
Bone marrow CD34+ cells and megakaryoblasts secrete β-chemokines that block infection of hematopoietic cells by M-tropic R5 HIV
Authors: Marcin Majka, Tomasz Rozmyslowicz, Benhur Lee, Samuel L. Murphy, Zbigniew Pietrzkowski, Glen N. Gaulton, Leslie Silberstein, Mariusz Z. Ratajczak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

CD34+ cells are nonpermissive to infection by HIV strains X4 and R5, despite the fact that many CD34+ cells express high levels of the viral receptor protein CD4 and the coreceptor CXCR4 on their surface. In these cells, the co-receptor CCR5 protein, which, like CXCR4, is a chemokine receptor, is detected mainly intracellularly. We hypothesized that CD34+ cells secrete CCR5-binding chemokines and that these factors interfere with HIV R5 interactions with these cells, possibly by binding CCR5 or by inducing its internalization. We found that human CD34+ cells and CD34+KIT+ cells, which are enriched in myeloid progenitor cells, expressed and secreted the CCR5 ligands RANTES, MIP-1α, and MIP-1β and that IFN-γ stimulated expression of these chemokines. In contrast, SDF-1, a CXCR4 ligand, was not detectable in the CD34+KIT+ cells, even by RT-PCR. Conditioned media from CD34+ cell culture significantly protected the T lymphocyte cell line PB-1 from infection by R5 but not X4 strains of HIV. Interestingly, the secretion of endogenous chemokines decreased with the maturation of CD34+ cells, although ex vivo, expanded megakaryoblasts still secreted a significant amount of RANTES. Synthesis of CCR5-binding chemokines by human CD34+ cells and megakaryoblasts therefore largely determines the susceptibility of these cells to infection by R5 HIV strains. We postulate that therapeutic agents that induce the endogenous synthesis of chemokines in human hematopoietic cells may protect these cells from HIV infection.
Infection from Finger Sticks in Leukopenic Patients
Authors: George Karp, Nicholas Robert, Steven Papish
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1981Infection from Finger Sticks in Leukopenic PatientsGEORGE KARP, M.D., NICHOLAS ROBERT, M.D., STEVEN PAPISH, M.D.GEORGE KARP, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, NICHOLAS ROBERT, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, STEVEN PAPISH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-95-3-392_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Infections in cancer patients with severe leukopenia secondary to chemotherapy cause a great degree of morbidity and mortality. It is generally recommended that the number of invasive procedures during periods of leukopenia be limited (1). We have recently studied two cases of severe infection caused by finger sticks in leukopenic patients.Case 1:A 63-year-old woman was receiving chemotherapy for recurrent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. A routine finger stick was done on the right middle finger. The finger had been prepped with an alcohol swab. Leukocyte count was 300/mm3. Two days later, the finger became swollen, tender, and violaceous,...Reference1. LEVINESCHIMPFFGRAWYOUNG AFRR. Hematologic malignancies and other marrow failure states: progress in the management of complicating infections. Semin Hematol. 1974;11:141-202. MedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Sidney Farber Cancer Institute Harvard Medical School Boston, MA 02115 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1981Volume 95, Issue 3Page: 392-393KeywordsAlcoholsCancer chemotherapyChemotherapyLymphomaMorbidityMortality Issue Published: 1 September 1981 PDF downloadLoading ...
Mitochondrial Insertions into Primate Nuclear Genomes Suggest the Use of numts as a Tool for Phylogeny
Authors: E. Hazkani-Covo
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2009)

Homoplasy-free characters are a valuable and highly desired tool for molecular systematics. Nuclear sequences of mitochondrial origin (numts) are fragments of mitochondrial DNA that have been transferred into the nuclear genome. numts are passively captured into genomes and have no transposition activity, which suggests they may have utility as phylogenetic markers. Here, five fully sequenced primate genomes (human, chimpanzee, orangutan, rhesus macaque, and marmoset) are used to reconstruct the evolutionary dynamics of recent numt accumulation in a phylogenetic context. The status of 367 numt loci is used as categorical data, and a maximum parsimony approach is used to trace numt insertions on different branches of the taxonomically undisputed primate phylogenetic tree. The presence of a given numt in related taxa implies orthologous integration, whereas the absence of a numt indicates the plesiomorphic condition prior to integration. An average rate of 5.65 numts per 1 My is estimated on the tree, but insertion rates vary significantly on different branches. Two instances in which the presence–absence pattern of numts does not agree with the phylogenetic tree were identified. These events may be the result of either lineage sorting or reversal. Using the numts reported here to reconstruct primate phylogeny produces the canonical primate tree topology with high bootstrap support. Moreover, numts identified in gorilla Supercontigs were used to test the human–chimp–gorilla trichotomy, yielding a high level of support for the sister relationship of human and chimpanzee. These analyses suggest that numts are valuable phylogenetic markers that can be used for molecular systematics. It remains to be tested whether numts are useful at deeper phylogenetic levels.
Brainstem-thalamic neurons implicated in hallucinations
Authors: Mircea Steriade
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2004)

I propose that hyperactivity (or increased numbers) of neurons in the brainstem reticular core promote hallucinations by excessive excitation, coupled with disinhibition, of target thalamocortical neurons. This idea stems from animal experiments using kainate-induced overexcitation of midbrain reticular neurons leading to hallucinatory-type behavior during wakefulness, as well as from data in schizophrenic patients showing an increased number of neurons in mesopontine cholinergic neurons.
Drug treatment is proposed to manage child sex offenders
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2007)

New proposals on the management of those who commit sexual offences against children in England and Wales will include the use of drug treatments, said the home secretary, John Reid. The drugs, to reduce libido, would be given on a voluntary basis.

The drugs envisaged are of two types: antidepressants of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class and hormonal treatments designed to reduce testosterone concentrations.

Dr Reid also announced plans to allow limited disclosure of sex offender status to parents or guardians. Parents and guardians who are concerned that someone in contact with their child may be a convicted sex offender can register their interest in that person with the police. Police and child protection workers will …
Induction of Labour with Hypertomic Glucose
Authors: K. O'Driscoll, F. Geoghegan
Journal: BMJ (1964)

This requirement is considerably more rigorous than that of other Colleges in this country.Moreover, as regards examinations, our primary is equated with others by recipro- city agreements and our final is, we believe, of equal standard.It has come to our notice that some hospital appointments boards and some overseas Governments still discriminate between the holders of diplomas of different Colleges.If they continue to do so I feel confident that in the future they will dis- criminate in favour of the holders of the
THE PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE TREATMENT OF GAS GANGRENE BY MIXED SERUMS
Authors: F. Ivens
Journal: BMJ (1918)

IN a paper written in 19161 on cases of gas gangrene treated in the Scottish Women's Hospital, Roynumont, 1. indicated that.I h-iad obtained some good results in a few cases whiere I utilized as a curative measure ttie anti- perfringens serum prepared by MM.. Weinberg and Seguin at the Pasteur Institute.In these cases the infection was
Acting on evidence
Authors: J. Powell
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The arrogant junkie surgeon, the maverick heart throb, and the pioneering genius: it could be a roll call for the medical department of any teaching hospital. Casualty 1909 was a BBC1 drama series (14 June–19 July 2009) set in The London Hospital in Edwardian times. The series made extensive use of the BMJ archive to construct convincing medical storylines from the first decade of the twentieth century, and to put flesh on the bones of the principal medical characters, who were based on real doctors of the period.
Ernest William (“Bill”) Deane
Authors: Robert Scott-Jupp
Journal: BMJ (2007)

Bill Deane was born in 1918. His father, Dr Norman “Doc” Deane, was a general practitioner in Christchurch, Dorset.

Bill was educated at Sherborne School and then went up to Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, to read medicine. He did his clinical studies at The London Hospital in Whitechapel and qualified in 1941. The second world war required him to go straight into military service, and he served as a surgeon lieutenant in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, mainly in the Mediterranean, …
Nuclear-encoded rDNA group I introns: origin and phylogenetic relationships of insertion site lineages in the green algae
Authors: D. Bhattacharya, T. Friedl, S. Damberger
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1996)

Group I introns are widespread in eukaryotic organelles and nuclear-encoded ribosomal DNAs (rDNAs). The green algae are particularly rich in rDNA group I introns. To better understand the origins and phylogenetic relationships of green algal nuclear-encoded small subunit rDNA group I introns, a secondary structure-based alignment was constructed with available intron sequences and 11 new subgroup ICI and three new subgroup IB3 intron sequences determined from members of the Trebouxiophyceae (common phycobiont components of lichen) and the Ulvophyceae. Phylogenetic analyses using a weighted maximum-parsimony method showed that most group I introns form distinct lineages defined by insertion sites within the SSU rDNA. The comparison of topologies defining the phylogenetic relationships of 12 members of the 1512 group I intron insertion site lineage (position relative to the E. coli SSU rDNA coding region) with that of the host cells (i.e., SSU rDNAs) that contain these introns provided insights into the possible origin, stability, loss, and lateral transfer of ICI group I introns. The phylogenetic data were consistent with a viral origin of the 1512 group I intron in the green algae. This intron appears to have originated, minimally, within the SSU rDNA of the common ancestor of the trebouxiophytes and has subsequently been vertically inherited within this algal lineage with loss of the intron in some taxa. The phylogenetic analyses also suggested that the 1512 intron was laterally transferred among later-diverging trebouxiophytes; these algal taxa may have coexisted in a developing lichen thallus, thus facilitating cell-to-cell contact and the lateral transfer. Comparison of available group I intron sequences from the nuclear-encoded SSU rDNA of phycobiont and mycobiont components of lichens demonstrated that these sequences have independent origins and are not the result of lateral transfer from one component to the other.
Shortening hospital stay for psychiatric care.
Authors: S Hirsch
Journal: BMJ (1979)

results in vasodilatation and relaxation of the mammalian penis leading to erection.'-3However, there is no evidence to suggest that the transmitter responsible for this inhibitory effect is cholinergic in nature.Indeed the identity of the transmitter has so far not been established.We have previously suggested the possibility that the inhibitory transmitter leading to erection may be histamine.4The smooth muscle of the erectile corpus cavernosa of the human penis in vitro is either contracted or relaxed by histamine.The former effect is abolished by mepyramine (a histamine H,receptor antagonist), which also potentiates the relaxant effect of histamine on this tissue.The relaxant effect of histamine on the human penis is abolished by burimamide,4 which is chemically related to cimetidine and is known to antagonise actions of histamine mediated through H2 receptors.Thus cimetidine, by blocking H, receptors on the body of the penis, may prevent erection.However, definite proof that histamine is the neurotransmitter at the sacral parasympathetic nerve is lacking.
Methadone maintenance treatment
Authors: R. Mattick, W. Hall, J. Ward, M. Farrell, M. Gossop, J. Strang, G. Stimson
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Nearly half the sample favoured maintenance prescription of injectable opiates.The inevitable outcome of such practices is illicit selling on of drugs, with accidental overdoses and deaths.Indeed, much prescribed oral methadone ends up on the streets and already seems to play a part in accidental deaths.The emergence of "dual diagnosis" patients, with both mental disorder and substance misuse, highlights the importance of psychiatric input to drug services.Although the Health of the Nation recommends consultation with users and carers, it does not suggest that services should be designed solely to satisfy consumers' preference or convenience.'Planning of services should be based on good evidence and sound clinical practice.
Abstract 4558: FDG-PET uptake in breast cancer molecular subtypes
Authors: Sjoerd G. Elias, Dorota J. Wisner, Yunn-Yi Chen, Spencer C. Behr, Ann Griffin, Laura J. Esserman, Laura J. van't Veer, Nola M. Hylton
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Background: Data on breast cancer FDG uptake in relation to clinically relevant molecular subtypes and their interaction is scarce. Some have shown higher standardized uptake values (SUV) in triple negative (TN) and HER2+ than hormone receptor (HR)+ disease. We hypothesize that FDG uptake in HER2+ disease depends on HR status. Methods: We identified 186 invasive breast cancer patients with a whole body FDG-PET/CT scan between 2005 and 2010 at UCSF (within 6 months prior to or after diagnosis but before therapy). Receptor expression was assessed on adjuvant therapy naïve specimens using IHC (HR [ER and PR], HER2) and FISH (HER2) according to clinical practice. We related routinely assessed (log-transformed) SUVmax to receptor expression with linear regression and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA), and adjusted for tumor grade. Results: SUVmax was reported for 160 primary breast cancers and 154 had complete data for HR and HER2. Median age at diagnosis was 52 years (range 21-87), and 34% had localized, 52% regional, and 14% distant disease. Average tumor size was 3.9 cm (SD 2.2), and 12% had good, 51% moderate and 37% poor grade. FDG uptake strongly depended on molecular subtype (Table). Uptake was lowest in HER2-HR+ and somewhat - but not significantly - higher in HER2+HR- disease. The highest SUVmax was found in HER2+HR+, followed by TN disease (both significantly higher than HER2-HR+). The interaction between HR and HER2 in relation to FDG uptake was significant (P=0.003). ANCOVA showed that the higher TN uptake could largely be explained by differences in grade, whereas SUVmax in HER2+HR+ disease remained significantly higher than in HER2-HR+ disease. Conclusion: This large series of advanced primary breast cancer showed FDG uptake to be comparably low in HER2-HR+ and HER2+HR- disease, but significantly higher in HER2+HR+ and TN disease. Tumor grade largely explained the higher FDG uptake in TN disease but not the results for HER2+HR+. FDG-PET may need evaluation at different settings taking into account uptake variation due to tumor biology. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4558. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4558