tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P143: Vigorous Physical Activity and 3-year Changes in Weight and Other Cardiometabolic Parameters in Youth: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Jonathan McGavock, Valerie Carson, Randi Lynn Rinaldi, Brian Torrance, Katerina Maximova, Geoff D Ball
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Introduction: Few data exist describing the temporal association between the time spent within various intensities of physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic health outcomes in youth. Study Hypotheses: In contrast to light- or moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) Vigorous- intensity PA would be associated with a reduced risk incident overweight and high normal blood pressure and (2) time spent in vigorous-intensity but not moderate- or light-intensity PA would be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors two years following baseline measurements. Design and Methods: This was a 3-year prospective cohort study of objectively-measured PA (Actical) in 315 youth aged 9 to-17 yrs of age studied in 14 schools. The primary exposure variable was PA intensity. The main outcomes measures were incident overweght status and high normal blood pressure. Secondary outcomes included disproportionate weight gain (annual change in body mass index Z score), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max) at the three year time point. Results: After three year follow-up, increasing time spent in any of the three PA intensities was not associated with incident overweight or incident high normal blood pressure. Compared to the lowest quartile, waist circumference [β = -0.04 95% CI = -0.07 to -0.01; p trend &lt;0.01) and SBP [β = -3.08 95% CI = -6.79 to 0.64; p trend = 0.05] were lower in boys while VO 2 max was significantly higher [43.3 (39.6-46.4) vs 50.2 (43.8-52.9) mL/kg/min; p trend &lt;0.01] in both boys and girls in the highest quartile of vigorous PA. These trends were not observed or reversed across quartiles of moderate- and light-intensity PA. Conclusions: Increasing time spent in vigorous-intensity PA at 12 years of age was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic profile two years later. Similar trends were not evident for lower intensity PA. Experimental trials are needed to determine if these associations are causal in nature.
Jeremy Berg, PhD
Authors: Jeremy Berg
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Klebsiella pneumoniae harbouring OXA-48 carbapenemase in a Libyan refugee in Italy
Authors: E. Kocsis, C. Savio, M. Piccoli, G. Cornaglia, A. Mazzariol
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)

A carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated from a blood-culture of an inpatient from Libya, hospitalized in the intensive-care unit of Negrar Hospital, Italy. The clinical isolate carried the following β-lactamase genes, bla(TEM -1), bla(SHV -11), bla(OXA -1), bla(CTX -M-15) and bla(OXA -48), respectively. The bla(OXA -48) gene was inserted in the Tn1999.2 transposon type, carried on a conjugative, 60-kilobase plasmid, that presented an L/M backbone, hosted by a multidrug-resistant ST 101 K. pneumoniae strain. Our report highlights the international transfer of bla(OXA -48) gene and the importance of screening measures of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
A Randomized Trial Of Daily Prednisone Versus Pulsed Dexamethasone In Treatment Naïve Patients With Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura
Authors: Johannes Matschke, Hannes Müller-Beißenhirtz, Ilona Vester, Bernd Hertenstein, Lewin Eisele, Hildegard Lax, Claudia Ose, Ulrich Dührsen
Journal: Blood (2013)
Grand Rounds - Hammersmith Hospital: Complicated myocardial infarction Ventricular septal rupture is a surgical emergency
Authors: P K Mazeika
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Complicated myocardial infarctionVentricular septal rupture is a surgical emergency Ventricular septal rupture is a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction that generally produces progressive circulatory failure and rapid deterioration.Prompt diagnosis followed by surgical repair with perioperative circulatory support is often life saving.We present the case of a patient with ventricular septal rupture who experienced recalcitrant attacks of sustained ventricular tachycardia postoperatively and discuss important aspects ofmanagement.
A Snapshot of Pulmonary Medicine at the Turn of the Century
Authors: Lynn M. Schnapp, Melissa Matosian, Idelle Weisman, Carolyn H. Welsh
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2003)

To describe the characteristics of the American Thoracic Society, the Membership Committee developed a survey to assess demographics, training, professional activities, and needs of a diverse membership with a growing international segment. It also provided an opportunity to determine how the Society reflects the current state of pulmonary medicine in the United States. A self-administered survey was mailed to active members. Of responding members, 80% reside in the United States or Canada; the remainder come from 90 different countries. The majority of North American respondents (79%) were white, non-Hispanic. Seventeen percent of respondents were female. Female respondents were younger, with a mean age of 42 years, compared with 47 years for males. Sixty-five percent of respondents identified clinical practice, 20% research, and 5% teaching as their major activity. More women (33%) than men (22%) identified themselves as researchers. The majority of respondents (69%) have a medical school faculty affiliation. The American Thoracic Society represents a global organization with diverse clinical expertise and scientific interests. The majority of respondents are clinicians; however, the membership has a strong academic bent with most reporting academic affiliation, and describing teaching as a secondary activity.
Abstract 812: Dietary Sodium Intake Influences Carotid Structure and Hemodynamics in Hypertensive Subjects
Authors: Maria C Ferreira-Sae, Jose A Cipolli, Marilia Cornelio, Jose R Matos-Souza, Kleber G Franchini, Roberta C Rodrigues, Maria C Gallani, Wilson Nadruz
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: We assessed the hypothesis that dietary sodium intake might influence the structure and hemodynamics of carotid arteries in hypertensive subjects. Methods: One hundred twenty one patien...
Bupropion together with cognitive-conductual therapy (CBT) is an alternative for a long-term abstinence of smoking
Authors: Eryka Urdapilleta-Herrera, Mayra Fabiola Piña-Rosales, María Inés Vargas-Rojas, Alejandra Ramírez-Venegas, Raúl Sansores-Martínez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction. Currently there are in Mexico several treatments to quit smoking, pharmacological and phsycological, which have proven their efficacy. Although, combining them could result in better option because individuals can project in better physical and emotional conditions.  Aim. Compare de percentage of long-term abstinence in a group of smokers under a CBT combined with Bupropion (Bp) or placebo (Pb).  Methods. A double-blind clinical trial was performed. 94 chronic smokers were selected and randomely distributed for each of the shunting (Bp and Pb groups). The pharmacological treatment began simultanously to the CBT, and the results were measured 4, 6 and 12 months after the treatments started.  Results. 46 subjects participated in the Bp group and 48 to the Pb group; the average age of the subjects was 48 years, with a smoking index of 25 pack/yr. We observed a higher proportion of subjects remaining abstinent that after 4 months in the Bp+CBT group (51% vs 49% in the P group), but the difference was not significant (p>0.05); after 6 months the results were 48% vs 52% (p>0.05), and after 12 months, 53% vs 47% (p>0.05).  Conclusions. Regardless of the pharmacological treatment, CBT has shown as an efficient alternative to reach a long-term abstinence. Despite the fact that there is no signicant difference between groups, it is still higher the rate of abstinence reported with the Bp treatment.
The influence of bacteriocins on resistance to infection by gram-negative bacteria
Authors: Abraham I. Braude, J. S. Siemienski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1968)

Dual urinary infections were produced in rats with colicinogenic Escherichia coli CF1, elaborating colicin V in the urine, and colicine-sensitive E. coli 9224 by injecting each organism into the medulla of opposite kidneys. The colicin-sensitive organism was eradicated from the urine of 24.3% of rats and the degree of infection by E. coli 9224 reduced to less than half of the control group. Colicin-resistant mutants of E. coli 9224 were not inhibited in mixed infections with colicin producing E. coli CF1. No evidence of inhibitory activity by colicin V was found in the kidneys. The bladder urine, but not the kidney, was also the site for transfer of colicinogeny between homologous (E. coli) and heterologous (E. coli and Aerobacter aerogenes) species. Episomes controlling colicin V and J + I were transferred within 24 hr after establishing the mixed infection. Since E. coli 9224 was resistant to streptomycin and tetracycline, observations were also made on transmission of multiple drug resistance. Streptomycin and tetracycline resistance was readily transferred to E. coli CF1 within 48 hr in the bladder. These results demonstrate that in urinary infections colicins can kill susceptible bacteria and that bacterial genetic elements are transferred.
Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Anisoylated Plasminogen Streptokinase Activator Complex in Early Myocardial Infarction
Authors: S. J. Lenhoff, A. R. Horak, R. C. Fraser, R. N. Scott-Millar, A. R. Bird, P. Jacobs, P. J. Commerford
Journal: Drugs (1987)
Suicide in major depression
Authors: E T Isometsä, M M Henriksson, H M Aro, M E Heikkinen, K I Kuoppasalmi, J K Lönnqvist
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The purpose of this study was to examine a sample representing all suicide victims with current DSM-III-R major depression in Finland within 1 year in aspects relevant to suicide prevention, including comorbidity, clinical history, current treatment, suicide methods, and communication of suicide intent.Using the psychological autopsy method, the authors examined all 71 suicide victims with current unipolar DSM-III-R major depression, taken from a random sample of 229 subjects representing 16.4% of all suicide victims in Finland in 1 year.The majority (85%) were complicated cases with comorbid diagnoses, and comorbidity varied according to the subjects' sex and age. Three-quarters had a history of psychiatric treatment, but only 45% were receiving psychiatric treatment at the time of death. Most suicide victims had received no treatment for depression. Only 3% had received antidepressants in adequate doses, 7% weekly psychotherapy, and 3% ECT. None of the 24 psychotic subjects had received adequate psychopharmacological treatment. Few (8%) had used an antidepressant overdose as a suicide method. Men had received less treatment for depression and had more commonly used violent suicide methods.Although about half of the suicide victims with major depression were receiving psychiatric care at the time of death, few were receiving adequate treatment for depression. There were significant sex differences in current and previous treatment and suicide methods. For suicide prevention in major depression, it would seem crucial to improve treatment and follow-up, for males with major depression, in particular.
Abstract 15648: Post-infarct Macrophage Tracking Using MRI and a T1-shortening Contrast Agent: Correction For T1-lengthening Due To Infarct-related Edema
Authors: Nivedita K Naresh, Alexander Klibanov, Moriel H Vandsburger, Jonathan Leor, Yaqin Xu, Brent French, Frederick H Epstein
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: After myocardial infarction (MI), macrophages infiltrate the infarct zone, play vital roles in infarct healing, and may be therapeutic targets. We showed previously that T1 mapping af...
STUDIES IN EXPERIMENTAL SYPHILIS
Authors: Alan M. Chesney, Jarold E. Kemp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1925)

Syphilitic rabbits can be treated with arsphenamine in such a manner as to render the lymph nodes incapable of transmitting the infection to normal rabbits. This can be accomplished if treatment is begun either early or comparatively late in the course of the disease. If treatment is begun early, the animals are almost uniformly susceptible to a second infection, whereas, if it is begun late, they are almost uniformly refractory to a second infection. It is suggested that this refractory state in rabbits may be explained by the existence of an acquired immunity which persists after the abolition of the disease, rather than to the persistence of the first infection. It would appear that it is possible under certain conditions to reinoculate rabbits and produce generalized infection without producing any lesion at the portal of entry.
Genetic Correction of p67phox Deficient Chronic Granulomatous Disease Using Peripheral Blood Progenitor Cells as a Target for Retrovirus Mediated Gene Transfer
Authors: Wayne M. Weil, Gilda F. Linton, Narda Whiting-Theobald, Sarah J. Vowells, Steven P. Rafferty, Fei Li, Harry L. Malech
Journal: Blood (1997)
Serum surfactant protein D (SP-D) and annual decline of diffusion capacity are prognostic factors for combined pulmonary fibrosis with emphysema (CPFE) in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)
Authors: Keiki Yokoo, Masanori Shiratori, Kimiyuki Ikeda, Motoki Natsuizaka, Mitsuo Otsuka, Hiroyuki Koba, Hiroki Takahashi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background  The disease concept, CPFE is proposed recently. It is rare that clinical course of CPFE and relationship between serum markers and survival are reported. We conducted a retrospective clinical study of CPFE in patients of IPF.  Methods  A hundred and seven patients with interstitial pneumonia who visited Sapporo Medical University Hospital and Teine Keijinkai Hospital from 2007 to 2012 were investigated retrospectively. Seventy-two patients were diagnosed as IPF according to the ATS/ERS statement and were enrolled in this study. The patients were diagnosed as CPFE who were scored more than two points according to Goddard classification by HRCT. Thirty-four patients were CPFE and 38 were “non-CPFE”. Their medical records including pulmonary function test and serum markers (SP-A, SP-D, KL-6) were reviewed.  Results  In CPFE patients, lung capacity was kept and diffusion capacity was decreased as same as past reports. CPFE patients showed significantly worse survival than non-CPFE (p=0.0059). Worsening of diffusion capacity and high level of serum SP-D at the initial status showed poor prognosis. There was a significant difference in serum SP-D between CPFE and non-CPFE. Moreover, in CPFE patients, higher serum SP-D group (more than 150 ng/ml) showed significantly worse survival than another group (p=0.0089).  Conclusion  In IPF, CPFE patients showed significantly worse survival than non-CPFE, and CPFE patients with high serum SP-D showed poor prognosis. It is suggested IPF patients with emphysema on HRCT and high SP-D level in sera should be needed careful observation.
Genetic association analysis of functional impairment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a north Chinese Han population
Authors: Li An, Ting Yang, Yingxiang Lin, Chen Wang
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Objectives:  To determine the association of polymorphisms in serine protease inhibitor E2 (SERPINE2), microsomal epoxide hydrolase (EPHX1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) with the functional impairment in COPD in Chinese Hans.   Methods:  Three hundreds and ten patients with COPD from North China performed pulmonary function test and six-minute walk test. Dyspnea was measured with Medical Research Council (MRC) dyspnea scale, Anxiety and Depression were measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale (HADS). Forty-two SNPs from the four genes were genotyped using Allele-specific hybridization. Logistic regression and linear regression were used to test for association between these SNPs and the COPD-related traits, assuming dominant (D), recessive (R) and additive (A) genetic model.   Results:  Only one SNP (rs3766934) from EPHX1 showed significant association with the six-minute walking distances after Bonferroni correction (A:β=-40.88,  P =0.039)One SNP (rs3738040) from EHPX1 showed significant association with anxiety in COPD patients (A: OR=5,  P =0.0292). Another SNP (Ile105Val) from GSTP1 showed borderline significance with anxiety symptom (D: OR=2.94,  P =0.0545). The haplotype analyses validated the results from the single SNP analyses.   Conclusions:  This study provides evidences that genetic variants on EPHX1 and GSTP1, two genes encoding xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes, contribute to the functional impairment of COPD in northern Chinese Hans.
Pandemic A(H1N1)2009 influenza virus detection by real time RT-PCR : is viral quantification useful?
Authors: M. Bouscambert Duchamp, J.S. Casalegno, Y. Gillet, E. Frobert, E. Bernard, V. Escuret, G. Billaud, M. Valette, E. Javouhey, B. Lina, D. Floret, F. Morfin
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
An Intergroup Randomised Trial of Rituximab Versus a Watch and Wait Strategy In Patients with Stage II, III, IV, Asymptomatic, Non-Bulky Follicular Lymphoma (Grades 1, 2 and 3a). A Preliminary Analysis
Authors: Kirit M Ardeshna, Wendi Qian, Paul Smith, June Warden, Lindsay Stevens, Christopher FE Pocock, Fiona Miall, David Cunningham, John Davies, Jan Walewski, A. Burhan Ferhanoglu, Ken Bradstock, David C Linch
Journal: Blood (2010)
A twin-family study of alcoholism in women
Authors: K S Kendler, M C Neale, A C Heath, R C Kessler, L J Eaves
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The authors seek to understand in general the sources of familial resemblance for alcoholism and in particular how parents transmit the vulnerability to alcoholism to their daughters.The authors interviewed 1,030 pairs of female same-sex twins of known zygosity from the population-based Virginia Twin Registry and 1,468 of their parents. They examined a narrow definition of alcoholism, requiring tolerance or dependence, and a threshold approach that classified individuals either as unaffected or as suffering from one of three levels of severity of alcohol-related problems. Twin-family structural equation models were fitted to the observed tetrachoric or polychoric correlation matrices by using asymptotic weighted least squares.In the best-fitting model from both diagnostic approaches, 1) the familial resemblance for alcoholism was due to genetic factors, with the heritability of liability estimated at 51% to 59%; 2) genetic vulnerability to alcoholism was equally transmitted to daughters from their fathers and from their mothers; and 3) alcoholism in parents was not environmentally transmitted to their children. Assortative mating for alcoholism was found only for the broader definitions of illness. Genetic factors that influenced the liability to alcoholism were the same in the parental and twin generation for the narrow definition of alcoholism. When broader definitions were used, these factors, while substantially correlated, were not identical.The transmission of the vulnerability to alcoholism from parents to their daughters is due largely or entirely to genetic factors.
Abstract 428: Regression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms by Targeting Toll-Like Receptor 2
Authors: Huimin Yan, Yonggang Ma, Su Mi, Bing Cui, Xiaowei Zhang, Wenfeng Cai, Xiaoxi Lv, Qingqing Wang, Jun Yan, Bingmu Xin, Xiaoxing Wang, Ziyan Wang, Yongchao Li, Hongzhen Yang, Zhuowei Hu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), a chronic inflammatory disorder, results in progressive expansion and rupture of the aorta with high mortality among elderly people. There is increasing evidence that both innate and adaptive immunity tightly regulate the progress of AAA. We recently find that TLR2 plays a critical role in the regulation of wound-repairing process after tissue injury caused by the molecules of pathogen-associated molecular pattern or damage-associated molecular pattern. We wondered if TLR2 had a role in mediating calcium-induced inflammatory responses to participate in the development of AAA in a mice model of CaCl 2 -induced AAA. We found that selectively blocking TLR2 activity using a TLR2-neutralizing antibody not only prevented the development of AAA but also caused regression of well established AAA elicited by incubation of calcium. Furthermore, TLR2 deficient mice failed to develop AAA and had reduced aortic expansion and internal elastic lamina degradation, validating the roles of TLR2 in the development of AAA. The prophylactic and therapeutic effects of blocking TLR2 activity were accompanied by a significant inhibition of vascular fibrosis and inflammation because targeting TLR2 decreased the expressions of α-SMA, matrix metalloproteinase-2/9, and several Th1 and Th2 cytokines such as IFNγ, IL-10, IL-6, TGFβ1 as well as transcription factor Stat3/p-Stat3 in the vascular tissue of AAA. Targeting TLR2 also specifically decreased the expression and extracellular distribution of high-mobility group box 1 and heat shock protein 70, the endogenous TLR2 ligands that sustain chronic inflammation and vascular injury, in the aortic tissue of AAA. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that TLR2 plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of calcium-induced AAA and highlight unifying mechanisms that blocking TLR2 activity can inhibit specific immune responses induced by calcium and subsequently by HMGB1/HSP70 to modify injury-induced abnormal vascular remodeling. TLR2 is a promising therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AAA.