tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Haplotype analysis of the HSD17B1 gene and risk of breast cancer: Results of the NCI breast and prostate cancer cohort consortium
Authors: Heather S. Feigelson, David G. Cox, Howard M. Cann, Sholom Wacholder, Rudolf Kaaks, Brian E. Henderson
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 46, 2005

2554 

The 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 gene (HSD17B1) encodes 17HSD1, which catalyzes the final step of estradiol biosynthesis, namely the conversion of estrone to the more biologically active estradiol. Despite the important role of HSD17B1 in hormone metabolism, few epidemiologic studies of HSD17B1 and breast cancer have been conducted. We report here the results from a large, International collaborative study, the NCI Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3), of breast cancer and HSD17B1. The study includes 3,800 cases of European and U.S. whites and 6,000 matched controls drawn from 5 large, well-established cohorts. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the genomic region of HSD17B1, including SNP discovery, haplotype construction, and selection of haplotype-tagging SNPs (htSNPs). Twenty-six validated SNPs located within a 42 kb genomic region in and around HSD17B1 were selected for haplotype determination by (1) sequencing germline DNA from 95 patients with advanced breast cancer from a multiethnic cohort (MEC) and (2) searching a public database for common markers located, on average, every 2kb in the gene region starting 30 kb upstream of the transcription start codon, across the gene and 10 kb downstream of the last exon. The 26 SNPs were genotyped in 349 women without a history of cancer drawn from the MEC, and htSNPs were chosen using the method of Stram et al (2003). This method infers haplotype frequencies and maximizes a measure of correlation, RSQ-H, between the genotypes of the htSNPs and the haplotypes themselves. The cumulative frequency of the three most common haplotypes among the European-US population of the MEC was 83%. Three htSNPs, as well as a previously studied SNP, +2923A/G (S312G), were selected for the European-US population and genotyped in cases and controls. The RSQ-H statistic for these htSNPs was 0.82. Among the controls, the cumulative frequency of the three common haplotypes was 93%. The odds ratios (OR) for each haplotype relative to the most common haplotype ranged from 1.00 to 1.07, global p for heterogeneity=0.79. The ORs for the +2923A/G SNP hypothesized to alter the function of HSD17B1 were A/G :0.98 (95%CI: 0.89-1.08) and G/G :0.96 (95%CI: 0.85-1.08) compared to the A/A genotype. This analysis provides no evidence that genetic variation in HSD17B1 is associated with breast cancer risk as a main effect among white women of European decent. Analyses are currently underway to assess whether the associations differ among subgroups defined by exposure and demographic variables.
Abstract 12440: Utility of Urinary Excretion of {beta}2 Microglobulin to Identify High Risk Subset for Restenosis in Patients Who Underwent Percutaneous Coronary Intervension
Authors: Akira Funayama, Tetsuro Shishido, Yohichiroh Ohtaki, Hiromasa Hasegawa, Shintaro Honda, Shunsuke Netsu, Mitsunori Ishino, Takanori Arimoto, Hiroki Takahashi, Takehiko Miyashita, Takuya Miyamoto, Joji Nitobe, Tetsu Watanabe, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2010)
Abstract P082: Neighborhoods and Racial/Ethnic Differences in Ideal Cardiovascular Health: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)
Authors: Mahasin Mujahid, Latetia Moore, Lucia Petito, Kiarri Kershaw, Karol Watson, Ana Diez Roux
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Neighborhood environments have been investigated in relation to individual cardiovascular disease risk. However, few studies have examined the contribution of neighborhood environments to racial/ethnic differences in cardiovascular health (CVH). Hypothesis: We hypothesized that there would be significant racial/ethnic differences in ideal CVH and these differences would be reduced after adjustment for neighborhood factors. Methods: We used data from the MESA baseline examination (2000-2002; mean age=62, SD=10). Ideal cardiovascular health was defined using guidelines from the American Heart Association 2020 Strategic Impact Goals. We examined seven CVH indicators (blood pressure, fasting glucose, cholesterol, body mass index, diet, physical activity, and smoking) and three summary measures (health factors, health behaviors, overall CVH). We compared racial/ethnic differences in ideal CVH before and after adjustment for neighborhood factors (socioeconomic, physical activity, healthy food, social environment) using logistic regression and hybrid fixed effects models. Neighborhood-level data were obtained from various administrative data sources including the Neighborhood Community Survey and linked to MESA study participants. Results: Among the 5,263 participants in our analytic sample, 215 (4.1%) had ideal CVH. This proportion varied across racial/ethnic groups (6.6% for whites, 2% for African Americans, and 2.1% for Hispanics). Significant racial/ethnic differences were present for all indicators (excluding physical activity and diet) and summary measures of ideal CVH, independent of confounders. Additional adjustments for neighborhood factors produced modest reductions in racial/ethnic differences. Conclusion: Neighborhood factors may play a role in shaping racial/ethnic health disparities in CVH. Future research is necessary to better understand the impact of neighborhood context on CVH disparities over the life course.
Latanoprost, a Prostaglandin Analog, for Glaucoma Therapy
Authors: Carl B. Camras, Albert Alm, Peter Watson, Johan Stjernschantz, H. Aasved, P. Jangard, H. Lund-Andersen, P. Flesner, M. Söderström, B. Ehinger, C. Holmin, E. Bengtsson-Stigmar, A. Heijl, K.G. Gundersen, J. Airaksinen, A. Tuulonen, R. Halseide, B. Lindblom, A. Ringvold, A. Vegge, C. Linden, S.E. Nilsson, B. Friström, A. Alm, I. Widengard, J. Thygesen, F. Green, F. Valenzuela, P. Watson, M. Potts, I. Spencer, R. Coakes, P. Reynolds, B. Mills, A. Chatterjee, S. Nagasubramanian, S. Roxburgh, R. Sanders, M. Bailey, I.F. Whyte, S. Vernon, M. Sloper, S. Murray, C. Davey, J. Hickman-Casey, S. Longstaff, Z. Currie, P. Wishart, M. Austin, M. Birch, A. Elkington, A. Luff, L. Beck, M. Blackmore, G.A. Cioffi, E.M. Van Buskirk, J. Fraser, W.C. Stewart, J.A. Stewart, J. Lustgarten, R.A. Schumer, S.M. Podos, M. Arroyo, S. Nitzberg, R. Ritch, G. Abundo, R. Caronia, J. Liebmann, D. Steinberger, T. Krupin, L.F. Rosenberg, J.M. Rudermann, K. Clarkson, R. Weinreb, R. Ochabsi, M. Sherwood, M.F. Smith, D.W. Stokes, Z.S. Zam, J. Wilensky, D. Hillman, B. Kaplan, V. Gates, C. Nail, T. Zimmerman, R. Fechtner, R. Fenton, J. Fenton, E.J. Higginbotham, A.T. Johnson, C.J. Pollack-Rundle, C.B. Camras, E. Weiss, M.E. Yablonski, M.H. Tannenbaum, F. Ibrahim, E. Ohia, D. Neeley, D. Minckler, D. Heuer, P. Lee, M. Padea, P.L. Kaufman, G.A. Heatley, M.A. Vanderhof-Young, M. Wax, A. Jones, L.J. Katz, M. Moster, B. Parker, A.L. Robin, M. Juzych, M. Brummett
Journal: Ophthalmology (1996)
DRUG POINTS:Hyperkalaemia and non-oliguric renal failure associated with trimethoprim
Authors: G W Smith, S B Cohen
Journal: BMJ (1994)

<h3>Objectives:</h3> Decreased levels of transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) have been related to the failure of cartilage repair in experimental models of osteoarthritis. This study aimed to examine this aspect of osteoarthritis in human cartilage. <h3>Methods:</h3> Cartilage samples were obtained from 11 patients with hip osteoarthritis and 11 patients with femoral neck fracture who were undergoing total hip replacement. Gene expression of the three TGFβ isoforms, collagen type II (COL2A1) and aggrecan (AGC1) was analysed by reverse transcription quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. <h3>Results:</h3> Expression of the three TGFβ isoforms was increased in osteoarthritis cartilage. The upregulation was more marked for the TGFβ3 isoform (2.3-fold) than for TGFβ1 (1.6-fold) or TGFβ2 (1.7-fold). The messenger RNA levels of TGFβ1 and TGFβ2 were strongly correlated in osteoarthritis cartilage (r<sub>s</sub> = 0.83, p = 0.002), but levels of TGFβ3 were uncorrelated with any of the two other TGFβ isoforms. Immunohistochemistry showed an extension of immunoreactivity for the three TGFβ isoforms to more chondrocytes and to deeper cartilage layers in the more severe osteoarthritis lesions. No correlation of TGFβ isoforms with COL2A1 or AGC1 expression levels was found. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> The three isoforms of TGFβ were differentially upregulated in late osteoarthritis in relation to an increased percentage of TGFβ-positive chondrocytes. These results indicate that cartilage damage progresses in spite of the TGFβ stimulus for cartilage anabolism and that other causes of the failure to cope with the increased cartilage catabolism of osteoarthritis should be investigated.
Abstract 1765: Ras and EF-hand domain containing as a novel tissue biomarker and a therapeutic target for lung cancer
Authors: Yataro Daigo, Atsushi Takano, Yusuke Nakamura
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer-related death in the world and its incidence has been increasing. The number of patients responding well to current standard therapies is still small, therefore further development of new agents targeting cancer-specific molecules with no or minimum risk of adverse effect is urgently awaited. To screen molecules, particularly oncoantigens which could be useful for the development of diagnostic biomarkers and new drugs, we have established an effective screening strategy as follows; i) To identify up-regulated genes in 120 lung cancers by genome-wide screening using the cDNA microarray representing 27,648 genes and pure populations of tumor cells taken from cancer tissues by laser microdissection, ii) To verify the candidate genes for their very low or absent expression in normal tissues by northern-blot analyses, iii) To validate the clinicopathological significance of their expression with tissue microarray containing hundreds of archived lung cancers, iv) To verify whether the target genes are essential for the growth or survival of cancer cells by RNAi and cell growth assays. As a result of this process, we identified 40 druggable oncoproteins. We further identified the Ras and EF-hand domain containing (RASEF), which contains a Rab GTPase domain and is considered as a member of Rab GTPase protein family. Immunohistochemical staining using tumor tissue microarrays consisting of 341 archived non-small cell lung cancers revealed the association of strong RASEF positivity with poor prognosis (P = 0.0034 by multivariate analysis). Reduction in RASEF expression by siRNA suppressed lung cancer cell proliferation, while induction of RASEF conferred growth-promoting activity of mammalian cells. RASEF could bind to extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and appeared to enhance the ERK1/2 signaling. In addition, inhibition of interaction between RASEF and ERK1/2 using cell-permeable peptide that corresponded to the ERK1/2-interacting site of RASEF protein, suppressed growth of lung cancer cells. RASEF may play important roles in lung carcinogenesis, and could be useful as a prognostic biomarker and a target for the development of new molecular therapies. Citation Format: Yataro Daigo, Atsushi Takano, Yusuke Nakamura. Ras and EF-hand domain containing as a novel tissue biomarker and a therapeutic target for lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1765. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1765
Unlicensed and off label prescription of drugs to children: population based cohort study
Authors: G. W `t Jong
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Many licensed drugs used by children in the community are poorly labelled for use in children, resulting in high percentages of off label use.Therefore labelling for children needs to be improved, with the support of everyone working in pharmacotherapy.Contributors: ES and HT were involved in the design, analysis, interpretation
How (dis)ordered is our brain?
Authors: Hans Liljenström
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The dynamical view of the brain that Tsuda presents is thoroughly substantiated by theory and computer simulations, but strong experimental evidence for chaotic brain processes is still lacking. New methods are called for. It is also important to make a distinction between the generating mechanisms and the observed behavior, which is complicated by a mixing of stochastic and deterministic processes.
Lang's German-English Dictionary of Terms Used in Medicine and the Allied Sciences.
Authors: Hugo Lang
Journal: JAMA (1913)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Clinician Understanding of Cholesterol Treatment Guidelines
Authors: Todd C. Lee, Emily G. McDonald
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serum neuron-specific enolase predicts outcome in post-anoxic coma: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Iwan A. Meynaar, Heleen M. Oudemans-van Straaten, Jacobus van der Wetering, Peter Verlooy, Ed H. Slaats, Rob J. Bosman, Johan I. van der Spoel, Durk F. Zandstra
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2002)
A patient who changed my practice: Me, the heartsink patient
Authors: S. Evans
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The number of children who breached the proscribed behaviours was tallied from the videotape by three authors, one of whom was blind to the intervention or control status of each school.When the three reviewers differed in their scoring of whether an approach to the dog should be recorded as a breach of the guidelines, the videotape was reconsidered and scored as a breach only if all observers agreed.Children who had received the intervention displayed appreciably greater precautionary behaviour than children in the control schools (table).They were circumspect, typically observing the dog from a distance.Most of the children in the control group (118 of 149, 79%) patted the dog without hesitation and tried to excite it, while only a few (18 of 197, 9%) of the children who had received the intervention patted the dog, and they did this surreptitiously or after a considerable period of careful assessment only.* 2 =212.30,df=1, P<0.0001 for intervention versus control schools.
A review of sexual behavior in the United States
Authors: S N Seidman, R O Rieder
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

Knowledge of sexual behavior in the United States is necessary for 1) directing risk-reduction interventions aimed at preventing transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted pathogens and 2) appreciating the current normative patterns of sexual behavior.The authors reviewed American surveys that included measures of sexual behavior and analyzed the 1988-1990 General Social Surveys.Most American males have intercourse by 16-17 years of age, and females do so by 17-18 years of age. The majority of young adults aged 18-24 have multiple, serial sex partners. Among adults 25-59 years old, relative monogamy appears to be the norm: 80% of heterosexually active men and 90% of heterosexually active women in this age group report having had only one sex partner in the preceding year. The average frequency of intercourse among such monogamous individuals is one to three times per week. Approximately 25% of adults have had heterosexual anal intercourse. Up to 20% of adult men report that they have had a homosexual experience; 1%-6% report such an experience during the preceding year.Through accumulated studies, data are now available on normative sexual behavior across the life cycle. Such data should assist in psychiatric diagnosis and in the development of treatment goals that rely on assumptions regarding normative behavior. A large proportion of young heterosexual persons are at considerable risk for sexually transmitted disease. Sexual history taking and risk-reduction counseling should be integral components of psychiatric care.
Autosomal dominant hypophosphataemic rickets is associated with mutations in FGF23
Authors: Kenneth E. White, Wayne E. Evans, Jeffery L.H. O'Riordan, Marcy C. Speer, Michael J. Econs, Bettina Lorenz-Depiereux, Monika Grabowski, Thomas Meitinger, Tim M. Strom
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Congestive heart failure in a 70-year-old man.
Authors: J T Willerson, P C Chen, E A Hartwell, L M Buja
Journal: Circulation (1993)

Case HistoryA 70-year-old man was admitted to Hermann Hospital, Houston, Tex, for further evaluation of progressive dyspnea on exertion and pedal edema.He had an evaluation for congestive heart failure 18 months earlier in another city, including coronary angiography, which revealed normal coronary arteries, an echocardiogram, which showed mild left ventricular systolic dysfunction without hypertrophy or dilatation, and a myocardial biopsy reported to show focal amyloid deposition.He initially had improved symptomatically with the therapeutic regimen of an angiotension converting en- zyme inhibitor and diuretics, but he had noticed progressive dyspnea on exertion during the previous 6 months.He was able to walk one-half mile before experiencing dyspnea 6 months ago, but lately he only could perform household chores before experiencing dyspnea.He experienced transient substernal chest discomfort with exertion every 1 to 2 weeks that lasted seconds to a few minutes and was relieved by rest.He stated that the pains did not radiate and were "mild."In addition, he denied nausea, diaphoresis, light headed- ness, or palpitations with the chest discomfort.He did have two-pillow orthopnea.There was no paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, fever, chills, syncope, light headed- ness, gastrointestinal or genitourinary blood loss, dys- uria, urinary retention, weight loss, diarrhea, constipa- tion, dysphagia, or hoarseness.Past medical history was significant for a diagnosis of pernicious anemia made 10 years before admission, left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident with no residual deficits 2 years before admission, and hepatitis soon after World War II.Medications on admission included 20 mg furosemide PO BID, 5 mg enalapril maleate PO BID, 300 mg ranitidine hydrochloride PO every day, 1 mg folate PO every day, two 325-mg enteric-coated aspirin PO BID, and monthly vitamin B12 injections.Family history was significant for coronary artery dis- ease in his parents, who both lived into their 70s.He was a retired journalist.
Lupus erythematosus tumidus as a separate subtype of cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Authors: D.F. Mutasim
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Madam, I read with interest the article by Schmitt et al.1 in a recent issue of the BJD. The article continues the previous legacy of the authors who should be highly commended for their efforts in studying cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE), especially lupus erythematosus tumidus (LET). My problem with the paper is that it did not add anything new to what is already known about tumid lupus, neither did it accomplish a resolution to the objectives stated by the authors, namely ‘whether LET can be distinguished as a separate entity in the classification system of the disease’. This objective seems to be ill conceived in view of having at least 25 papers in the reference list (from a total of 46) that have the words ‘lupus tumidus’ in their title. It is difficult to accept such an objective in the first place. Another objective of the authors (as written in the summary) is ‘to compare characteristic features of different subtypes of CLE’. If the authors start with the widely accepted premise that there are different subtypes of CLE that are clearly based on characteristic features of each, what does it mean when the authors say they wanted to compare characteristic features of different subtypes of CLE?