tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 16902: Quantification of Coronary Flow Reserve in Normal Subjects Using Regadenoson Vasodilator Stress Real-Time Contrast Echocardiography: A Feasibility Study
Authors: Sahar S Abdelmoneim, Mary E Hagen, Edward Mendrick, Vishwanath Pattan, Benjamin Wong, Barbara Norby, Tamara Roberson, Troy Szydel, Rita Basu, Ananda Basu, Sharon L Mulvagh
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Regadenoson is a selective A2A receptor agonist that is administered as a fixed dose bolus with rapid onset (∼30 sec), and short duration (∼2-4 min) of action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) for quantification of coronary flow reserve (CFR) in healthy humans during regadenoson vasodilator stress. Methods: Fifteen subjects [3 males, age: 45.8±5.2 years, BMI 23.8±2.3 kg/m2] with normal LV wall motion and no CAD underwent real-time MCE. Three standard apical LV views were acquired during a continuous intravenous (IV) infusion of Definity (1.3 ml in 60 cc 0.9% saline at 200 ml/hr) at rest and during vasodilator stress (regadenoson 400 ug IV bolus). Following transient microbubble destruction, microbubble velocity (β, sec -1 ), myocardial blood volume (A, dB) and myocardial blood flow (MBF, dB/sec) were determined. Videodensitometric quantification using a 16-segment model at end-systole was performed off-line. Results: Quantification of reserve parameters was feasible in all (15/15) patients, 188/240 segments (78%)[82%, 80% and 70% of 4-, 2-, 3-chambers apical views] and 43/45 (95%) coronary territories [one each of Cx and RCA territories were not feasible]. Augmentation from baseline to vasodilator stress was observed for both ß (s -1 ) [0.65± 0.25 vs 0.79± 0.21, P=0.031] and MBF (dB/sec) [2.85± 1.43 vs 4.65± 2.06, P= 0.002], however A (dB) did not change [06.62± 2.57 vs 6.79±2.1, P=0.463]. CFR measurements from all views were similar (Fig 1). There was no significant difference between CFR measured in the 3 coronary territories, although some heterogeneity was noted in the posterior circulation CFR (Fig 2). Conclusion: Real-time MCE during Regadenoson vasodilator stress is feasible, and is a useful technique for the rapid noninvasive quantification of CFR in healthy humans.
Therapy of Metastatic Carcinoid Tumor and the Carcinoid Syndrome
Authors: Charles G. Moertel
Journal: Liver Cancer (1985)

The carcinoid tumor, an uncommon but not rare neoplasm, offers an exciting and multifaceted challenge for oncologic management—a challenge that demands informed multidisciplinary interaction of surgical and medical oncologists as well as the diagnostic radiologist and laboratory scientist.KeywordsEastern Cooperative Oncology GroupCarcinoid TumorCarcinoid SyndromeCombine Modality TherapyHepatic Artery InfusionThese keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
Expression of the Death Gene Bik/Nbk Promotes Sensitivity to Drug-Induced Apoptosis in Corticosteroid-Resistant T-Cell Lymphoma and Prevents Tumor Growth in Severe Combined Immunodeficient Mice
Authors: Peter T. Daniel, Kwok-Tao Pun, Silke Ritschel, Isrid Sturm, Jutta Holler, Bernd Dörken, Robin Brown
Journal: Blood (1999)
Researchers discover peptide that may reduce rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Xavier Bosch
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis might soon benefit from a treatment based on an endogenously occurring natural peptide known as vasoactive intestinal peptide.

A team of researchers led by Mario Delgado from the faculty of biology of the Complutense University of Madrid reported this month in Nature Medicine (2001;7:563-8) that administration of the peptide in mice with a rheumatoid arthritis-like disease strikingly suppressed clinical joint disease. It also seemed to block both the inflammatory and autoimmune components inherent in the disorder.

By immunising mice with type II collagen, the researchers induced …
Ocular abnormalities in Alagille syndrome11None of the authors has any commercial interest arising from the findings presented in this article.
Authors: Melanie Hingorani, Ken K Nischal, Alison Davies, Christopher Bentley, Anthony Vivian, Alastair J Baker, Giorgina Mieli-Vergani, Alan C Bird, Wagih A Aclimandos
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Superior in vivo efficacy of macitentan: Comparison to other endothelin receptor antagonists
Authors: Marc Iglarz, Markus Rey, Patrick Hess, Katalin Kauser, Martine Clozel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Endothelin (ET) receptor antagonists used for the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension present different pharmacological profiles depending on their selectivity and affinity for ET receptors. Macitentan (MACI) is a new dual ETA/ETB tissue targeting receptor antagonist designed to achieve a more complete ET receptor blockade. To investigate this property, we designed a study in which rats were given MACI on top of maximally effective doses of either ambrisentan (AMBRI, ETA selective) or bosentan (BOS, dual ETA/ETB).  First, we measured the effects of single doses of the compounds on mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) in conscious Dahl salt-sensitive rats equipped with telemetry, and constructed dose-response curves. Maximal effective doses were 30 mg/kg for MACI and AMBRI and 100 mg/kg for BOS.  Next, we tested the potential for an additive effect of MACI on top of the now defined maximal effective doses of AMBRI and BOS.  MACI 30 mg/kg further decreased MAP by 17 mmHg when given on top of AMBRI 30 mg/kg (p  In a similar experiment, MACI on top of maximal effective dose of BOS elicited a further MAP decrease of 21 mmHg (p  The add-on effect of macitentan on top of ambrisentan or bosentan confirms that this novel compound is able to achieve a more complete blockade of ET receptors and provides evidence for superior efficacy potential.
Downregulation of Antigen-Presenting Cell Functions After Administration of Mitogenic Anti-CD3 Monoclonal Antibodies in Mice
Authors: Eric Muraille, Fabienne Andris, Bernard Pajak, K. Martin Wissing, Thibaut De Smedt, Fabrice Desalle, Michel Goldman, Maria-Luisa Alegre, Jacques Urbain, Muriel Moser, Oberdan Leo
Journal: Blood (1999)
Feasibility of EGFR mutation testing on EBUS-TBNA and bronchial biopsy samples obtained during routine practice
Authors: Christophe Dooms, Inge Hantson, Liesbet Vliegen, Eric Verbeken, Peter Vandenberghe, Johan Vansteenkiste
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction.   Approximately 80% of NSCLC present with advanced disease, in whom the diagnosis is often based on small samples obtained during bronchoscopy.   Aims.   We aimed to evaluate the performance of bronchoscopic small tissue samples: (1) the percentage of tumour cells and quantity of DNA extracted; (2) the performance of EGFR mutation testing; (3) their feasibility compared to surgical samples.   Methods.   Between Sep 2010 and Dec 2012, we screened advanced stage non-squamous histology for EGFR mutations using Therascreen. All diagnostic bronchial biopsies (n=130; 4 biopsies per patient) and EBUS-TBNA samples (n=81; 4 needle aspirations brought in cell block), as well as surgical samples (n=67) were retrieved.   Results.   The median percentage tumour cells and quantity of DNA extracted was significantly higher in surgical vs bronchoscopic samples (80%  vs  30% and 2.3µg  vs  1.6μg,  P   Although 25% of bronchoscopic samples had  35) were observed in 1%.   Conclusions.   Bronchoscopic samples result in accurate EGFR mutation analysis in routine practice, provided a sufficient samples are taken.
Yet Another Player in the Cardio-Oncology Conundrum?
Authors: Ana Barac
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)

An increasing number of oncology patients are seen by cardiologists every day, and a dilemma facing both the cardiologist and the oncologist is how to predict risk of cardiac toxicity. Efficacious therapies targeting malignant cancers are now recognized as potentially harmful for the heart. Many of
Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case study suggesting a reactive aetiology
Authors: E. Le Fourn, A. Maruani, A. De Muret, A. Rosen, P. Dumont, G. Lorette
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Langerhans cell histiocytosis: a case study suggesting a reactive aetiology Get access E. Le Fourn, E. Le Fourn Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Maruani, A. Maruani Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. De Muret, A. De Muret Pathology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Rosen, A. Rosen Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Dumont, P. Dumont Thoracic Surgery, University François Rabelais Tours, CHRU Tours, avenue de la République, 37044 Tours Cedex 9, France E‐mail: e.lefourn@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar G. Lorette G. Lorette Departments of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 163, Issue 1, 1 July 2010, Pages 210–211, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09765.x Published: 01 July 2010
Conflict and health: War and mental health: a brief overview
Authors: D. Summerfield
Journal: BMJ (2000)

This is the third of four articles 

Series editor: Anthony B Zwi (Anthony.Zwi@lshtm.ac.uk)

About 40 violent conflicts are currently active and nearly 1% of the people in the world are refugees or displaced persons. Over 80% of all refugees are in developing countries, although 4 million have claimed asylum in western Europe in the past decade. Many wars are being played out on the terrain of subsistence economies; most conflict involves regimes at war with sectors of their own society—generally the poor and particular ethnic groups, such as the ethnic Albanians in Kosovo. Atrocity—extrajudicial execution, torture, disappearances, and sexual violation—generates terror, which maximises control over whole populations, as does the intentional destruction of the fabric of social, economic, and cultural life. Community leaders, health workers and facilities, schools, academics, places of worship, and anyone who speaks out for human rights and justice are often targets. In many regions such war is a factor in the daily lives and decision making of a whole society.

#### Summary points

The reframing of normal distress as psychological disturbance is a serious distortion

Personal recovery is grounded in social recovery

Rights and social justice shape collective healing

Researchers must attend to resilience factors and beware of extrapolating from clinic based samples

There is no such thing as a universal response to highly stressful events. However, somatic presentations such as headaches, non-specific pains or discomfort in torso and limbs, dizziness, weakness, and fatigue are central to the subjective experience and communication of distress wrought by war and its upheavals worldwide. This does not mean that these people do not have psychological insights but that somatic complaints reflect traditional modes of help seeking and also their view of what is relevant to bring to a medical setting.1 Some researchers see somatic symptoms as physiological responses driven by …
PD-L1 expression and prognostic impact in glioblastoma
Authors: Edjah K. Nduom, Jun Wei, Nasser K. Yaghi, Neal Huang, Ling-Yuan Kong, Konrad Gabrusiewicz, Xiaoyang Ling, Shouhao Zhou, Cristina Ivan, Jie Qing Chen, Jared K. Burks, Greg N. Fuller, George A. Calin, Charles A. Conrad, Caitlin Creasy, Krit Ritthipichai, Laszlo Radvanyi, Amy B. Heimberger
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2015)

Therapeutic targeting of the immune checkpoints cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated molecule-4 (CTLA-4) and PD-1/PD-L1 has demonstrated tumor regression in clinical trials, and phase 2 trials are ongoing in glioblastoma (GBM). Previous reports have suggested that responses are more frequent in patients with tumors that express PD-L1; however, this has been disputed. At issue is the validation of PD-L1 biomarker assays and prognostic impact. Using immunohistochemical analysis, we measured the incidence of PD-L1 expression in 94 patients with GBM. We categorized our results according to the total number of PD-L1-expressing cells within the GBMs and then validated this finding in ex vivo GBM flow cytometry with further analysis of the T cell populations. We then evaluated the association between PD-L1 expression and median survival time using the protein expression datasets and mRNA from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The median percentage of PD-L1-expressing cells in GBM by cell surface staining is 2.77% (range: 0%–86.6%; n = 92), which is similar to the percentage found by ex vivo flow cytometry. The majority of GBM patients (61%) had tumors with at least 1% or more PD-L1-positive cells, and 38% had at least 5% or greater PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 is commonly expressed on the GBM-infiltrating T cells. Expression of both PD-L1 and PD-1 are negative prognosticators for GBM outcome. The incidence of PD-L1 expression in GBM patients is frequent but is confined to a minority subpopulation, similar to other malignancies that have been profiled for PD-L1 expression. Higher expression of PD-L1 is correlated with worse outcome.
Pulmonary gas exchange response following allergen challenge in patients with allergic asthma
Authors: L Lagerstrand, K Larsson, E Ihre, O Zetterstrom, G Hedenstierna
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1992)

Pulmonary gas exchange was studied in 8 patients with allergic asthma before and after allergen challenge. Ventilation-perfusion relationships were assessed by the multiple inert gas elimination technique and forced expiratory flow by conventional spirometry. Measurements were made before, 7-8 minutes, and 0.5, 2.5 and 5 hours after challenge. During baseline conditions all patients showed normal forced expiratory flow (FEV1 3.9 +/- 0.77 (SD) l) and gas exchange expressed as the dispersion of pulmonary blood flow, log SDQ (0.35 +/- 0.08), (one of the common descriptors of ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) inequality). Immediately after challenge there were significant decreases in FEV1 (to 2.3 +/- 0.75 l) and arterial PO2 (from 13.1 +/- 0.9 to 9.5 +/- 1.2 kPa). The developed ventilation-perfusion inequalities were similar to those found in other asthma studies, i.e. mainly a broad (log SDQ increased to 0.73 +/- 0.30) and sometimes bimodal distribution of the perfusion. Thirty minutes after challenge FEV1 significantly improved to 3.2 +/- 1.18 l while log SDQ remained high (0.71 +/- 0.32). Two and a half hours after challenge log SDQ was reduced and almost normalized to 0.38 +/- 0.07. Five patients developed a late phase reaction with decreasing flow rates after 5 hours. Three of these patients also showed increased log SDQ. There was no clear relationship between gas exchange mismatch and reduced forced expiratory flow. The results support the hypothesis that reduced expiratory flow and gas exchange impairment are caused by different pathophysiological mechanisms.
MiRNA-based therapeutic intervention of cancer
Authors: Srivatsava Naidu, Peter Magee, Michela Garofalo
Journal: Journal of Hematology & Oncology (2015)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important modulators of eukaryotic gene expression. By targeting protein coding transcripts, miRNAs influence the cellular transcriptome and proteome, thus helping to determine cell fate. MiRNAs have emerged as crucial molecules in cancer research, in which recent studies have linked erratic expression of miRNAs to carcinogenesis and have provided solid evidence for their potential in cancer therapy. This review briefly summarises the recent knowledge on the involvement of miRNAs in tumourigenesis and reviews current studies on the therapeutic strategies and advances in the delivery of miRNAs.
Constituents of Human Neutrophils that Mediate Enhanced Adherence to Surfaces
Authors: Linda K. Bockenstedt, Edward J. Goetzl
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

The endogenous constituents of human neutrophils that enhance the adherence of the neutrophils to surfaces have been isolated from sonicates of purified neutrophils. The predominant adherence-enhancing activity in the neutrophil sonicates cofiltered on Sephadex G-75 with a major peak of chemotactic inhibitory activity and exhibited ∼30,000 mol wt. Sequential isoelectric focusing and electrophoresis in glycerol gradients of the 30,000-mol wt activities resolved two distinct acidic protein with isoelectric points of 3.6-3.8 and 3.3-3.4 that were designated the neutrophil adherence factor (NAF) I and II, respectively. Glutamic acid and aspartic acid together accounted for a total of 18 and 19% of the amino acids in purified preparations of NAF I and NAF II, respectively, whereas the basic amino acids lysine, arginine, and histidine represented <2 and 3% of the total residues. The preincubation of portions of 2 × 106 neutrophils with as little as 6 pmol of NAF I or 9 pmol of NAF II enhanced adherence to plastic petri dishes and inhibited chemotactic migration to a maximal extent, with comparable dose-response relationships for the two effects. Neither of the NAF was cytotoxic, exhibited substantial neutrophil chemotactic or chemokinetic activity, or influenced the phagocytosis of sheep erythrocytes sensitized with immunoglobulin (Ig)G. Analyses of subcellular fractions of neutrophils indicated that the NAF are contained predominantly in the specific granules. These distinctive acidic proteins of the specific granules of human neutrophils represent a new class of endogenous constituents that may regulate the involvement of neutrophils in inflammation.
O-012 Nanofluidic digital PCR and extended genotyping of RAS, BRAF and PI3KCA for improved selection of metastatic colorectal cancer patients to anti-EGFR therapies
Authors: D. Azuara, C. Santos, A. Lopez-Doriga, J. Grasselli, M. Nadal, X. Sanjuan, F. Marin, M. Morell, R. Montal, V. Moreno, C. Montagut, B. Bellosillo, G. Argiles, E. Elez, J. Tabernero, G. Capellá, R. Salazar
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Contribution of screening to cancer prevention in developing countries.
Authors: Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

SY21-01 

A vast majority of cancers present in clinically advanced stages posing great challenges to the existing, limited cancer treatment services in many developing countries. Early detection, both by screening and in clinical settings by early diagnosis are thus important interventions to improve the outcome from cancer in many low- and medium-resourced countries. Cancers of the cervix, breast and head and neck constitute major cancer sites where early detection, linked with treatment, can considerably reduce their overall burden. Cervical cancer has remained largely uncontrolled in high-risk developing countries due to lack of, or inefficient, cytology screening programmes. The findings from studies addressing the accuracy of Pap smear and its potential alternatives such as visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), magnified VIA (VIAM), visual inspection with Lugol's iodine (VILI) and HPV DNA testing in detecting cervical cancer and its precursors will be discussed in the context of evolving public health policy on introducing new and effective programs in low-resource settings and in re-organizing existing programmes. Mammography screening is expensive, involves substantial financial and manpower resources and thus is not feasible in developing countries. The efficacy of organized early detection programmes based on breast self-examination (BSE) and/or clinical breast examination (CBE) remains inconclusive and controversial. It seems that much could be achieved by a package of interventions consisting of health education, opportunities for clinical early diagnosis and the provision of readily accessible diagnosis and treatment services in the early detection and improved outcome of breast cancer. A significant 34% reduction in oral cancer mortality among the high-risk group of tobacco/alcohol users has been demonstrated in a randomised oral cancer screening trial in Southern India, which supports the routine use of oral visual screening in reducing oral cancer mortality. Thus organised visual screening is a worthwhile oral cancer control initiative, in addition to primary prevention efforts to reduce tobacco and alcohol use. The large body of research findings from completed and on-going studies on the effectiveness of different screening approaches in reducing cancer burden and managerial guidelines should be taken into account while reorganizing existing inefficient programmes and when considering new initiatives in low- and medium-resource settings.
Abstract 3343: Incidence and Predictor of Late Stent Thrombosis After Implantation of Sirolimus-eluting Stent: From Two-year Clinical Follow-up of The j-Cypher Registry
Authors: Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Kazuaki Mitsudo, Takeshi Kimura, Takeshi Morimoto, Toshiya Muramatsu, Nobuo Shiode, Kawai Kazuya, Yoshiaki Yokoi, Takaaki Isshiki, Keijiro Saku, Osamu Doi
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Unsolved issue about Sirolimus-eluting stent is thrombosis, especially, the potential for late stent thrombosis (ST). Methods: To clarify the incidence and predictors of ST, two-year data of the j-Cypher Registry were examined using ARC definition. Design of this registry was multi-center prospective enrollment of 15,216 consecutive patients (pts) with anti-platelet regimen of aspirin and ticlopidine in Japan. Results: Pts’ characteristics of this cohort were as follows, age 68+/−10 years, male in 75%, diabetes in 42%, emergency procedure in 6.6%, hemodialysis in 5%, CKD ( CCr&lt;60, non-Hemodialysis ) in 51% and off-label use in 77%. Bifurcation lesion was observed in 19%. The other characteristics of lesions were as follows, in-stent restenosis in 12%, CTO in 9%, STEMI culprit in 6.3%. Cumulative ST (ARC definite/probable) rates within two-year were 0.62% at six-month, 0.71% at one-year and 0.93% at two-year as shown in the table . Annual increase slope of late ST (ARC definite) was 0.25% per year. During follow-up, 439 Surgical operations excluding endovascular and CABG were needed. Within 30 days of operation, clinical event rates were death in 2.2%, MI in 0.65% and ST in 0.44%. Multivariate analysis identified 3 independent predictors of early ST (within three-month); Hemodialysis: Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.75 (95%CI 1.02–2.69) p=0.042, Male gender: OR = 2.00 (1.20–4.08) p=0.0051, and Emergency procedure: OR = 2.15 (1.36–3.22) p= 0.0017. Also, multivariate analysis identified one independent predictor of late ST (beyond three-month); Hemodialysis: OR = 2.44 (1.29–4.14) p=0.042. Conclusions : Stent thrombosis rate up to two years under Ticlopidine anti-platelet regimen in Japan seemed to be lower as compared with those reported from other registries in the real world, despite the fact that high risk pts were more prevalent in the j-Cypher registry. Hemodialysis was identified to be independent predictor of early and late stent thrombosis through two years. Cumulative stent thrombosis rates in j-Cypher registry