tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of the atopy patch test in children with food allergy‐related gastrointestinal symptoms
Authors: R. Berni Canani, S. Ruotolo, L. Auricchio, M. Caldore, F. Porcaro, F. Manguso, G. Terrin, R. Troncone
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Little is known about the diagnostic accuracy of atopy patch tests (APT) in the clinical practice of pediatric gastroenterology. Moreover, APTs containing purified food extracts have recently become available, but their diagnostic accuracy is largely undefined. Patients and methods: We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of food challenge, skin prick test (SPT), serum specific IgE determination, and APT using fresh food and commercial food extracts in parallel in children referred for suspected food allergy‐related gastrointestinal symptoms. Results: Eighty‐nine food challenges were performed in 60 patients (38 boys, median age 23 months, range 3–48 months): 31 tested positive for cow's milk (CM), 19 for hen's egg (HE), and two for wheat. Specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) determination, and SPT, respectively, were positive in 7/31 and 14/31 of patients with cow's milk allergy (CMA), and in 7/19 and 7/19 with HE allergy. The results of APT with fresh food vs a commercial assay were ( 1 ) CM: sensitivity: 64.5% vs 6.4%, specificity 95.8% vs 95.6%, positive predictive value (PPV) 95.2% vs 66.6% and negative predictive value (NPV) 67.6% vs 43.1%; ( 2 ) HE: sensitivity 84.2% vs 5.2%, specificity 100% vs 100%, PPV 100% vs 100% and NPV 75.0% vs 33.3%. Conclusions: Atopy patch test is a useful tool in the diagnostic work up of children with food‐allergy‐related gastrointestinal symptoms. The diagnostic accuracy of ATP was higher with fresh food than with commercial food extracts.
Fabricated or induced illness in children
Authors: C. Pragnell, R. Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Promoting patient safety in primary care Honesty and openness may not be best policyEditor-We were both surprised by Wilson et al who, in their editorial, ask everybody to send in reports of their errors. 1Our concerns remain regardless of whether or not such accounts are published anonymously.After all, the police have used anonymous medical research data in their investigations.A conviction of culpable and reckless behaviour was secured against a man after he had sexual intercourse with his girlfriend without telling her he was infected with HIV.The scientific evidence that secured the conviction came from confidential research data that were obtained with a police warrant. 2 Furthermore, Wilson et all say that for doctors to report their errors, patient consent will be needed.This means that the patient will know that an account of his or her care is to be published and may read it.He or she may ask his lawyers to read it.The lawyers may then be able to substantiate this published account as a confession of guilt or negligence.Wherever and whoever we are, we must be careful as doctors what we say.For example, although we understand that no charges were brought, an incident last year highlights this point.Police are to hold a murder inquiry into the case of Peter Brand, a Member of Parliament for the Liberal Democrat Party for the Isle of Wight and a general practitioner, who mentioned during a parliamentary debate that he had withdrawn treatment from a two year old boy with leukaemia at the parents' request, to save him any more distress. 3This case had occurred in 1973, when he was a house officer.However regrettable, we do live in a culture of blame.To admit professional mistakes of a minor nature may be straightforwardly forgivable.The admission, however, of a serious offence or negligence by doctors may result in litigation against them.Before discussing such matters in public, doctors should seriously consider whether honesty and openness are the best policy.
Prediction of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using Core Needle Biopsy Samples with the Prosigna Assay
Authors: Aleix Prat, Patricia Galván, Begoña Jimenez, Wesley Buckingham, H. Arthur Jeiranian, Carl Schaper, Maria Vidal, Martina Álvarez, Sherley Díaz, Catherine Ellis, Paolo Nuciforo, Sean Ferree, Nuria Ribelles, Barbara Adamo, Santiago Ramón y Cajal, Vicente Peg, Emilio Alba
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

Most hormone receptor (HR)(+)/HER2(-) breast cancer patients respond unfavorably to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC); however, genomic tests may identify those patients who are likely to benefit. Using the Prosigna assay, we first evaluated the technical performance of core needle biopsy (CNB) tissues. We then determined whether Prosigna risk of relapse (ROR) score and intrinsic subtype predicted response to NAC in HR(+)/HER2(-) patients using CNB samples.Using the NanoString's nCounter Dx analysis system and a development tissue sample set, we established tissue requirements and assay output variance. We then evaluated the concordance in subtype and correlation in ROR between CNBs and corresponding surgical resection specimens (SRS) in a second independent sample set. Finally, we analyzed 180 independent CNB samples from HR(+)/HER2(-) patients who were treated with NAC and correlated ROR and intrinsic subtype with pathologic response.Intra- and interbiopsy variabilities were 2.2 and 6.8 ROR units, respectively. Subtype concordance within multiple CNBs was high for the 4- and 3-subtype classifications (k = 0.885 and 0.889, respectively). Correlation in Prosigna ROR score observed between paired CNBs and SRS was high (r ≥ 0.90), and subtype concordance was also high for the 4- and 3-subtype classifications (kappa = 0.81 and 0.91, respectively). Prosigna results obtained from the HR(+)/HER2(-) patient samples showed that both ROR (P = 0.047) and intrinsic subtype (OR LumA vs. non-LumA = 0.341, P = 0.037) were significant predictors of response to NAC.Prosigna ROR and intrinsic subtype are readily obtained from CNB samples in normal practice and reliably predict response to NAC in HR(+)/HER2(-) patients.
Abstract 16501: Genetic Deletion and Pharmacological Inhibition of MiR-92a Reduce Obesity
Authors: Ariane Fischer, Daniela Penzkofer, Timon Seeger, Angelika Bonauer, Andreas M Zeiher, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Obesity and type 2 diabetes are key risk factors for coronary artery diseases. MicroRNAs (miRs) are small non-coding RNAs, which act as negative regulators of gene expression and have been shown to modulate cardiovascular diseases and control energy homeostasis. Inhibition of miR-92a improved neovascularization and endothelial cell (EC) function. To determine the metabolic role of miR-92a, we analyzed genetic and pharmacological miR-92a depletion on obesity. MiR-92a-/- mice are resistant to high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity (weight gain from 6-14.5 weeks of age: -24±4% vs. WT; p<0.01). The percentage of total body fat (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry: -20±6%; p=0.04), weight of epididymal white adipose tissue (WAT) (-54±9%; p=0.04), and consistently, white adipocytes size (-24±7%; p=0.03) were reduced in miR-92a-/- mice. Additionally, miR-92a-/- mice exhibit decreased levels of cholesterol (-27±6%; p<0.01) and triglyceride (-25±4%; p=0.02) as well as improved glucose tolerance (-21±6%; p=0.04). Next, t...
Abstract 181: Possible Favorable Marker of Positive Head-up Tilt and Negative T-Wave Alternans During Test in Patients with Suspected High-Risk Reflex Syncope
Authors: Bonpei Takase
Journal: Circulation (2014)

T-wave alternans (TWA) is the noninvasive index for predicting lethal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Since the syncope is the important warning sign for sudden cardiac, the measures of TWA in high risk patients with syncope give us useful information in the clinical settings. Thus, we measured TWA during head-up tilt testing (HUT) by ambulatory ECG monitoring (AECG) in either exercise-induced syncope (EX-Group) or HUT-induced prolonged asystole (asystole>30 sec) previously named “malignant vasovagal syncope” (MLVVS-Group). Both of them have been considered as high risk patients. Among consecutive 302 syncope patients who underwent HUT and measured TWA during test, followings were selected as study populations: 12 patients belong to EX-Group (22±5 years); 6 patients to MLVVS-Group (22±11 years) and another age and sex matched 18 patients with suspected reflex syncope who underwent HUT with positive results (C-Group; 22±8 years, as control). Patients in C-Group have similar clinical characteristics t...
Abstract 65: Exercise Mitigates Chronic Stress Effects on BMI Trajectories in Girls Aged 10 to 19: Longitudinal Findings from the NHLBI Growth and Health Study.
Authors: Eli Puterman, Aric A Prather, Elissa E Epel, Sheila Loharuka, Nancy E Adler, Barbara Laraia, A. Janet Tomiyama
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Obesity is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Adolescence is a period when behavior changes consolidate, setting a trajectory towards obesity. Both poor health behaviors and psychological stress promote obesity. Studies have shown that ongoing stress is related to weight gain while maintaining physical activity mitigates obesity in children as they transition to adulthood. We hypothesized that during childhood, physical activity maintenance would moderate the relationship between chronic stress and BMI increase. Methods: The NHLBI Growth and Health Study enrolled 2,379 Black and White girls aged 9-10 and assessed them annually over ten years. Perceived Stress was measured in years 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 with the well-validated Perceived Stress Scale, simplified for use in children. The Physical Activity Patterns Questionnaire assessed duration and frequency of activities in and out of school at years 1, 3, 5, and 7-10. Body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) was available all years. Covariates included pubertal timing, race, parental income and education, and nutrient intake. Repeated measurement allows prediction of trajectories of BMI with growth curve modeling, i.e. rate of BMI change over time. Results: On average, baseline BMI was 20.79 and increased 0.63 BMI units/year. Yet, BMI increase varied significantly as a function of stress and physical activity (p = .005). Even when reporting high stress, girls who maintained activity had lower BMI growth than girls who were fairly inactive between ages 10 and 19. An average of two units less in BMI was seen at age 19 in those highly stressed yet active versus highly stressed and less active - a likely clinically significant difference, as the girls in the latter category neared 30 kg/m2 (see Figure). The slowest increase in BMI between ages 10 and 19 was evidenced in girls more active and lower in stress. Conclusion: This study adds to a converging literature showing that physical activity is a modifiable behavior that can limit the harmful health effects of ongoing stress.
Military Preventive Medicine.
Authors: George C. Dunham
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1941)

Military Preventive MedicineBy George C. Dunham, M.D. Carlisle Barracks, Pa.: Army Medical Bulletin No. 23, Medical Field Service School, 1938. 1198 pp. Price, $2.50. The first edition of this book appeared in 1930. The demand for a third edition is a proof of its practical success. It has also met with general favor at the hands of reviewers so that we welcome this new edition which has been revised and brought up to date, and is in every way an admirable book. The Foreword by the Surgeon General of the Army points out that the military environment shapes the policies of practical sanitation. Measures applicable in the home or in civil communities are often found impracticable in the military service. The difficulties encountered, however, are overbalanced by the opportunity which one has in the military service for the practice of preventive medicine and sanitation and the fact that measures are generally under the control of the officer in charge and can be enforced. Obsolete material has been deleted. Though it is written from the military standpoint, the underlying principles are the same as in civil practice, and both military and civil officers will find this volume very useful. The arrangement of the book is excellent and each section is treated adequately. Special attention is given to nutrition. There are good sections on water purification, food control, meat inspection, inspection of poultry, eggs, and fish, dairy and milk plant sanitation, mess sanitation, waste disposal, sewage treatment, etc. It goes without saying that the control of insect-borne diseases is prominent. We owe much to the officers of the Army for what they have taught us concerning insectborne diseases. There is also a chapter on Vital Statistics which seems adequate for the purpose. There are six appendices which give the caloric value of human foods, foods which are sources of protein and mineral elements and vitamins, and score cards for dairy farms, pasteurization and milk plants. The author holds that yaws is quite similar to syphilis, responding positively to the Wassermann and Kahn reactions. He regards alastrim as probably an aberrant form of smallpox. The book is excellently gotten up and well printed. It is abundantly illustrated with some colored charts, notable among which is one of the reactions of smallpox vaccination which was obtained from the Commissioner of Health of Baltimore, Md. Altogether the book can be recommended unreservedly. The remarkably low price at which it is sold is due to its being an Army Medical Bulletin published under the authority of the Secretary of War. MAZYCK P. RAVENEL
Pruritic reddish-brown papules and plaques as initial skin lesions in a case of antilaminin γ1 pemphigoid without psoriasis
Authors: K. Morimoto, T. Fukumoto, N. Kobayashi, C. Nagashima, C. Tateishi, D. Tsuruta, T. Hashimoto, H. Asada
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Pruritic reddish‐brown papules and plaques as initial skin lesions in a case of antilaminin γ1 pemphigoid without psoriasis Get access K. Morimoto, K. Morimoto Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8521, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Fukumoto, T. Fukumoto Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8521, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Kobayashi, N. Kobayashi Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8521, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Nagashima, C. Nagashima Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8521, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Tateishi, C. Tateishi Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Tsuruta, D. Tsuruta Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. Hashimoto, T. Hashimoto Department of Dermatology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan E‐mail: keisukemorimoto2@live.jp Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. Asada H. Asada Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo, Kashihara, Nara 634‐8521, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 163, Issue 5, 1 November 2010, Pages 1134–1136, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09960.x Published: 01 November 2010
Abstract 2558: Outcomes of Children with Cardiomyopathy Listed for Heart Transplant: A Multi-Institutional Study
Authors: Anne I Dipchand, David C Naftel, Brian Feingold, Robert Spicer, Delphine Yung, Beth Kaufman, Tina Allain-Rooney, Daphne Hsu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

BACKGROUND: Dilated (DCM), restrictive (RCM), and hypertrophic (HCM) cardiomyopathies (CM) in children have widely varying clinical courses and therapeutic options. For all types, heart transplant (HTx) offers a chance for long-term survival, but clinical outcomes following listing and predictors to guide in the optimal timing of listing have not been well defined. METHODS AND RESULTS: A multi-institutional, prospective, event-driven registry of pts&lt;18 years of age listed for HTx from 01/93 to 12/05 (n=2,792) was used to compare outcomes of DCM (n=965; 84%); RCM (n=126; 11%); and HCM (n=63; 5%). Waitlist mortality for all pts was 12% with no difference by diagnosis (p=0.69). At listing, more DCM were Status 1 (p&lt;0.0001), on high dose inotropes (p&lt;0.0001), ventilated (p&lt;0.0004), or on an assist device (VAD, p=0.0081). At the time of HTx, Status 1 (p&lt;0.0001) or VAD (p=0.0003) were more common in DCM pts. Despite being more acutely unwell, overall survival from listing was higher in DCM pts (p=0.05), which was most dramatic for those listed in infancy (p&lt;0.0001).[Fig ] Survival was particularly poor in RCM and HCM pts who were &lt;1 yr of age at listing.[Fig ] Late (10 yr) survival post-HTx was also higher in DCM pts (82%) compared with RCM (76%) and HCM pts (65%, p=0.02). CONCLUSION: Children with CM awaiting HTx have a low waitlist mortality and good survival post-HTx with DCM pts demonstrating a consistent, modest survival advantage from listing. The relatively poor survival in select groups of RCM and HCM pts suggests the need for further study to better understand the causes and timing of death, timing of listing, and influence of patient characteristics on survival.s
Abstract 11784: Reduced BMPR2 Increases GM-CSF mRNA Translation by Inhibiting eIF2{alpha} Mediated Stress Granule Formation and Propensity to Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Authors: Hirofumi Sawada, Tero-Pekka Alastalo, Jason P Glotzbach, Roshelle Chan, Gabriele Fuchs, Michael Januszyk, Ying-Ju Lai, Vinicio de Jesus Perez, Toshie Saito, Edda Spiekerkoetter, Lingli Wang, Geoffrey C Gurtner, Peter Sarnow, Marlene Rabinovitch
Journal: Circulation (2011)
Parents' smoking and smoking behavior in young asthmatics
Authors: Snezana Radic, Zorica Zivkovic, Branislav Gvozdenovic, Sofija Cerovic, Olivera Calovic, Tamara Krivokapic, Spomenka Smiljanic, Olivera Vlahovic, Vera Aleksic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Smoking is health hazard, especially in children and adults with asthma. They are in a high risk to develop chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Aim: To explore smoking behavior in young asthmatics according to their parents smoking habit - do they start to smoke?

Method: According to questionnaire, clinical examinations, lung function and skin prick tests we separated 74 adolescents with asthma out of 1134 pupils of one high school. They were followed-up every 5 years up to 15 years.

Results: We had 62.9% of female and 37.1% of male subjects. At the beginning of the study average age was 16.3 and 30.6 at the end. We had 71% of smoking families (69% of smoking mothers and 37% of fathers). Percent of young smokers with asthma cumulatively increased from 16.7% at the beginning up to 58.5% at the end of the study. Number of cigarettes increased from 7.5 to 16.5% cigarettes per day per smoking asthmatics during the study, no difference according to gender. Average duration of smoking experience was 11.5 years, no difference according to gender. Values of VC, FVC, FEV1, PEF and MEF75 were lower in asthmatics that smoke, but with no statistical difference. However, FEV1/ VC, MEF25 and MEF50 were statistically decreased in the smoking group at the age of 30.6. If both parents smoke, 95% of adolescents and young asthmatics will start to smoke, if only mother smoke 50% of them and in nonsmoking families 30%.

Conclusion: Influence of both smoking parents is an important factor that motivates child with asthma to start smoking. It is hard to distinguish if it is the influence of behavior pattern, or addiction, or both. It is necessary to educate adolescents with asthma about the negative effects of tobacco smoke.
Immunology for Students of Medicine.
Authors: John Humphrey, Robert George White
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

Sommaire : 1- Introduction /2- Innate immunity /3- Antibodies and complement /4- The production of antibodies /5- Antigens /6- Serological aspects of the antigens-antibody reaction : the detection and measurement of antigen and antibody /7- The protective effects of antibody /8- Prophylactic immunization and serotherapy /9- Hypersensitivity mediated by antibodies /10- Delayed-types hypersensitivity /11- Immunilogical tolerance /12- Auto-immunity and its relation to human disease
AN UNUSUAL CASE OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA
Authors: S D BEERS, C E DE la CHAPELLE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1947)

Case Reports1 September 1947AN UNUSUAL CASE OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIAS. DEMAREST BEERS, M.D., CLARENCE E. DE LA CHAPELLE, M.D., F.A.C.P.S. DEMAREST BEERS, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, CLARENCE E. DE LA CHAPELLE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-27-3-441 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptCASE REPORTA 57 year old white male was admitted to this hospital with the chief complaint of palpitation of 10 hours' duration.The patient gave a history of attacks of palpitation for some 20 years lasting from a few minutes to a few hours. They were accompanied by weakness and dyspnea. The interval between the attacks varied from one to six months. The attacks were apparently initiated by over-eating and excitement. During the year prior to admission he had two or three episodes which lasted for 24 hours or longer. The attacks usually began and ended abruptly and spontaneously....Bibliography1. STURNICKRISEMANSAGALL MIJEEL: Intramuscular quinidine in cardiac arrhythmias, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1943, cxxi, 917. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. RISEMANLINENTHAL JEH: Paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia, Am. Heart Jr., 1941, xxii, 219. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. HEPBURNRYKERT JHE: Use of quinidine sulfate intravenously in ventricular tachycardia, Am. Heart Jr., 1937, xiv, 620. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication December 7, 1945.From Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, N. Y. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byParoxysmal ventricular tachycardia of prolonged durationRetrograde conduction to the auricles in paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia 1 September 1947Volume 27, Issue 3Page: 441-447KeywordsDyspneaVentricular tachycardia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1947 PDF downloadLoading ...