tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intracellular electrophysiological alterations in canine cardiac conducting tissue induced by aprindine and lignocaine
Authors: M. I. STEINBERG, K. GREENSPAN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1976)

Journal Article Intracellular electrophysiological alterations in canine cardiac conducting tissue induced by aprindine and lignocaine Get access MITCHELL I. STEINBERG, MITCHELL I. STEINBERG From The Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana and Indiana University School of Medicine, Terre Haute Center for Medical Education and Department of Physiology, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar KALMAN GREENSPAN KALMAN GREENSPAN From The Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana and Indiana University School of Medicine, Terre Haute Center for Medical Education and Department of Physiology, Terre Haute, Indiana, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 10, Issue 2, March 1976, Pages 236–244, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/10.2.236 Published: 01 March 1976
Ozone and Daily Mortality in Shanghai, China
Authors: Yunhui Zhang, Wei Huang, Stephanie J. London, Guixiang Song, Guohai Chen, Lili Jiang, Naiqing Zhao, Bingheng Chen, Haidong Kan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

BackgroundControversy remains regarding the relationship between ambient ozone and mortality worldwide. In mainland China, the largest developing country, there has been no prior study investigating the acute effect of O3 on death risk. Given the changes in types of air pollution from conventional coal combustion to the mixed coal combustion/motor vehicle emissions in China's large cities, it is worthwhile to investigate the acute effect of O3 on mortality outcomes in the country.ObjectivesWe conducted a time-series study to investigate the relation between O3 and daily mortality in Shanghai using 4 years of daily data (2001–2004).MethodsWe used the generalized additive model with penalized splines to analyze mortality, O3 pollution, and covariate data in warm and cold seasons. We considered daily counts of all-cause mortality and several cause-specific subcategories (respiratory and cardiovascular). We also examined these associations among several subpopulations based on age and sex.ResultsO3 was significantly associated with total and cardiovascular mortality in the cold season but not in the warm season. In the whole-year analysis, an increase of 10 μg/m3 of 2-day average (lag01) O3 corresponds to 0.45% [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.16–0.73%], 0.53% (95% CI, 0.10–0.96%), and 0.35% (95% CI, −0.40 to 1.09%) increase of total nonaccidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality, respectively. In the cold season, the estimates increased to 1.38% (95% CI, 0.68–2.07%), 1.53% (95% CI, 0.54–2.52%), and 0.95% (95% CI, −0.71 to 2.60%), respectively. In the warm season, we did not observe significant associations for both total and cause-specific mortality. The results were generally insensitive to model specifications such as lag structure of O3 concentrations and degree of freedom for time trend. Multipollutant models indicate that the effect of O3 was not confounded by particulate matter ≤ 10 μm in diameter (PM10) or by sulfur dioxide; however, after adding nitrogen dioxide into the model, the association of O3 with total and cardiovascular mortality became statistically insignificant.ConclusionsO3 pollution has stronger health effects in the cold than in the warm season in Shanghai. Our analyses also strengthen the rationale for further limiting levels of O3 pollution in outdoor air in the city.
Prolonged left ventricular ejection time in the post-premature beat. A sensitive sign of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis.
Authors: C W White, T J Zimmerman
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Failure of the pulse pressure to increase in the post-premature beat is considered characteristic of idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis (IHSS). The sensitivity and specificity of this response were compared to the change in left ventricular ejection time (LVET) in 12 patients with IHSS, in ten control patients with valvular aortic stenosis (AS) and in five normal subjects. The post-PVC pulse pressure increased in all normals and in nine of the ten patients with AS. In IHSS this response was inconsistent. A positive Brockenbrough sign was seen in only 33%. On the other hand, LVET increased greater than 20 msec in eleven of twelve patients with IHSS, whereas all normal subjects and all patients with AS showed either decreases in LVET or increases smaller than 20 msec. Prolongation of the LVET during the post-PVC beat greater than 20 msec appears, therefore, to be a more sensitive sign of IHSS than the corresponding change in pulse pressure.
Mutation-dependent recessive inheritance of NPHS2-associated steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Kálmán Tory, Dóra K Menyhárd, Stéphanie Woerner, Fabien Nevo, Olivier Gribouval, Andrea Kerti, Pál Stráner, Christelle Arrondel, Evelyne Huynh Cong, Tivadar Tulassay, Géraldine Mollet, András Perczel, Corinne Antignac
Journal: Nature Genetics (2014)
Preventing teenage pregnancies, supporting teenage mothers
Authors: C. Mawer
Journal: BMJ (1999)

At last an official report has recognised that the large numbers of young parents in the United Kingdom are not motivated to become parents by the promise of benefits or council flats. Last week's report from the government's Social Exclusion Unit says that instead these young people simply “see no reason not to get pregnant.”1 They have low expectations of employment; ignorance about what to expect in relationships and about contraception; and they receive mixed messages from an adult world that bombards them with sexual messages but turns away when they need advice, “at best embarrassed, at worst silent.” The result is not less sex, but less protected sex.

In response to the Social Exclusion Unit report, the government has allocated £60m to support its recommendations for local and national coordination, improvements in sex education and contraceptive services, and support for pregnant teenagers and teenage parents. Perhaps not surprisingly, some of this was lost in media reporting, which put a punitive “spin” on proposals to end lone council tenancies for teenage mothers. Support for teenage parents is actually about the sort of targeted midwifery offered for under 18 year olds in Southwark by the Bessemer practice; the Newpin parent support and personal development …
As Data on Antiprogesterone Compounds Grow, Societal and Scientific Aspects Are Scrutinized
Authors: Marsha F. Goldsmith
Journal: JAMA (1991)

ALTHOUGH some people wish it would just go away, a symposium at the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting in Washington, DC, has presented new evidence for the argument that RU-486 (mifepristone) is here to stay. Ever since the first reports were published in the early 1980s of this drug's use in France as a safe and effective abortifacient, researchers have also emphasized the many other potential indications inherent in the entire class of antiprogestational compounds (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:1808-1814 and 1990;264:1026-1027). Now, the results of clinical trials of RU-486 for at least two gynecologic uses—ripening of the cervix at term and expulsion of the fetus after spontaneous intrauterine death during the second or third trimester-are so encouraging that its approval for these purposes appears to be "imminent." That is the opinion of the symposium chair, Sheldon J. Segal, PhD. He says the French researchers have enough data now to
Abstract 2258: Tempol diet provides chemoprotection against UV-induced skin cancer in mice with epidermal Smad4 deletion
Authors: Doyel Mitra, Bian Li, Qinghong Zhang, James B. Mitchell, Xiao-Jing Wang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is the primary cause of skin cancer. Non-melanoma skin cancer, including basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is the most common form of skin cancer and accounts for 2-3 million worldwide cases of cancer each year. Smad4 loss occurs frequently in human skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and we have shown that keratinocyte specific Smad4 deletion in K14.Smad4-/- mice leads to reduced expression of DNA repair genes, increased DNA damage and increased susceptibility to UV-induced SCC. Since UV-irradiation leads to oxidative damage to DNA, and unrepaired DNA damage may lead to cancer, so we tested if administration of an antioxidant, 4-hydroxy-tempo (tempol) in the diet of WT and K14.Smad4-/- mice reduces UV-induced skin carcinogenesis. In the present study, we divided WT and K14.Smad4-/- mice into two groups each, one group was fed tempol chow while the other group was fed control chow. All mice were exposed to chronic UV irradiation for 38 weeks from 3 months of age. Indeed, the tempol diet led to delayed onset and reduced number of skin tumors in K14.Smad4-/- mice. Tempol diet led to reduced 8-hydroxyguanosine staining, indicative of reduced oxidative DNA damage, as well as reduced cox-2 expression in the skin of K14.Smad4-/- mice compared to K14.Smad4-/- mice on control diet. It is plausible that reduced inflammation in these mice led to reduced carcinogenesis, these and other mechanisms are being investigated. Citation Format: Doyel Mitra, Bian Li, Qinghong Zhang, James B. Mitchell, Xiao-Jing Wang. Tempol diet provides chemoprotection against UV-induced skin cancer in mice with epidermal Smad4 deletion. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2258. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2258
Alternaria alternata allergen Alt a 1: A unique β-barrel protein dimer found exclusively in fungi
Authors: Maksymilian Chruszcz, Martin D. Chapman, Tomasz Osinski, Robert Solberg, Matthew Demas, Przemyslaw J. Porebski, Karolina A. Majorek, Anna Pomés, Wladek Minor
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2012)
Does treatment of Helicobacter pylori with antibiotics alone heal duodenal ulcer? A randomised double blind placebo controlled study.
Authors: S K Lam, C K Ching, K C Lai, B C Wong, C L Lai, C K Chan, L Ong
Journal: Gut (1997)

BACKGROUND: Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection prevents duodenal ulcer relapse. It has not been established if treatment of the infection heals duodenal ulcer. AIM: To test the hypothesis that treatment of the infection was associated with healing of duodenal ulcer. METHODS: A randomised, double blind placebo controlled trial was performed to study the efficacy of an antibiotic only regimen consisting of 300 mg metronidazole, 500 mg amoxycillin, and 250 mg clarithromycin, each given four times daily for two weeks, in the healing of duodenal ulcer as assessed by endoscopy. Symptoms were controlled with acetaminophen and antacids. RESULTS: Of 100 consecutive patients with endoscopically established duodenal ulcer, 97 with positive rapid urease test on antral biopsy specimens were admitted into the study and 81 completed the trial. Of these, 40 were randomised to receive antibiotics and 41 to receive placebo. Treatment with antibiotics resulted in 92.5% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 84.3-100) healing at four weeks and 100% at eight and 12 weeks; the corresponding healing rates for placebo treatment were respectively, 36.6%, 61%, and 63.4% (95% CIs 21.8-51.3, 46.0-75.9, and 48.7-78.2 respectively). The differences between the two treatment groups were significant at p &lt; 0.001 at each time point and by life table analysis. Clearance of H pylori as assessed by urease test on antral biopsy specimens at four weeks and eradication of the organism as determined by 13C-urea breath test at eight weeks were achieved in 85% and 62.5% of patients respectively. Duodenal ulcer healed at four weeks in 87.2% and 86.2% (95% CIs 76.7-97.7 and 73.7-98.8) of patients in whom H pylori clearance or eradication, was achieved, versus 42.9% and 51.9% (95% CIs 27.9-57.8 and 38.3-65.5; p &lt; 0.001 and &lt; 0.003 respectively) in whom these processes failed. Stepwise discriminant analysis on 32 clinical, personal, and endoscopic characteristics as well as H pylori clearance and eradication identified H pylori clearance as the most discriminative variable for the healing of duodenal ulcer at four weeks, followed by ulcer depth and eradication of the organism. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with an antibiotic only regimen was effective for the healing of duodenal ulcer, and clearance as well as eradication of H pylori contributed significantly to the healing. The results constituted the strongest evidence to date that H pylori infection was aetiologically related to duodenal ulceration, and support the concept of treating duodenal ulcer associated with H pylori as an infection and relieving its symptoms with acid reducing agents such as antacids.
Evaluation of bioluminescent imaging for noninvasive monitoring of colorectal cancer progression in the liver and its response to immunogene therapy
Authors: Maider Zabala, Pilar Alzuguren, Carolina Benavides, Julien Crettaz, Gloria Gonzalez-Aseguinolaza, Carlos Ortiz de Solorzano, Manuela Gonzalez-Aparicio, Maria Gabriela Kramer, Jesus Prieto, Ruben Hernandez-Alcoceba
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2009)

Abstract Background Bioluminescent imaging (BLI) is based on the detection of light emitted by living cells expressing a luciferase gene. Stable transfection of luciferase in cancer cells and their inoculation into permissive animals allows the noninvasive monitorization of tumor progression inside internal organs. We have applied this technology for the development of a murine model of colorectal cancer involving the liver, with the aim of improving the pre-clinical evaluation of new anticancer therapies. Results A murine colon cancer cell line stably transfected with the luciferase gene (MC38Luc1) retains tumorigenicity in immunocompetent C57BL/6 animals. Intrahepatic inoculation of MC38Luc1 causes progressive liver infiltration that can be monitored by BLI. Compared with ultrasonography (US), BLI is more sensitive, but accurate estimation of tumor mass is impaired in advanced stages. We applied BLI to evaluate the efficacy of an immunogene therapy approach based on the liver-specific expression of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-12 (IL-12). Individualized quantification of light emission was able to determine the extent and duration of antitumor responses and to predict long-term disease-free survival. Conclusion We show that BLI is a rapid, convenient and safe technique for the individual monitorization of tumor progression in the liver. Evaluation of experimental treatments with complex mechanisms of action such as immunotherapy is possible using this technology.
Regulating Physician Expert Witness Testimony
Authors: Arthur J. Hartz
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
An Outcome Study of Primal Therapy
Authors: Alv A. Dahl, Helge Waal
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1983)

13 patients who had primal therapy had a psychodynamic interview before treatment and at 2 years follow-up by independent evaluators. 10 patients had neurosis and 3 personality disorders according to DSM-III criteria. Of the 11 patients who stayed in treatment, 8 were definitively improved on all outcome variables. 1 patient had an affective psychosis triggered by the treatment. Success in primal therapy correlates with the psychological resources of the patient. The good results indicate that the systematic use of catharsis in psychotherapy should be explored further.
Ethanol Promotes Arteriogenesis and Restores Perfusion to Chronically Ischemic Myocardium
Authors: Antonio D. Lassaletta, Nassrene Y. Elmadhun, Yuhong Liu, Jun Feng, Thomas A. Burgess, Nicholas W. Karlson, Roger J. Laham, Frank W. Sellke
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background— Moderate alcohol consumption is known to be cardioprotective compared with either heavy drinking or complete abstinence. We assessed the hypothesis that ethanol supplementation would improve myocardial function in the setting of chronic ischemia. Methods and Results— Sixteen male Yorkshire swine underwent placement of an ameroid constrictor into the left circumflex artery to induce chronic myocardial ischemia. Postoperatively, animals were supplemented with either 90 mL of ethanol (EtOH) daily (50%/V, EtOH) or 80 g of sucrose of equal caloric value (SUC), serving as controls. Seven weeks after ameroid placement, arteriolar density (1.74±0.210% versus 3.11±0.368% area of arterioles per low-powered field in sucrose (SUC) versus EtOH; P =0.004), myocardial perfusion (ratio of blood flow to the at-risk myocardium compared with the normal ventricle during demand pacing was 0.585±0.107 versus 1.08±0.138 for SUC versus EtOH; P =0.014), and microvascular reactivity were significantly increased in ethanol-treated animals compared with controls in the at-risk myocardium. Analysis of vascular endothelial growth factor and NOTCH pathway signaling suggested proneovascular and proliferative activity in the ischemic area. The average peak blood alcohol level in the treatment group was 40±4 mg/dL, consistent with levels of moderate drinking in humans. Conclusions— Ethanol supplementation increased arteriolar density and significantly improved myocardial perfusion and endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in chronically ischemic myocardium. These findings suggest that, at moderate doses, ethanol directly promotes vasculogenesis and improves microvascular function, resulting in significant improvements in myocardial perfusion in the setting of chronic ischemia.
Ophthalmic Examination Among Adults With Diagnosed Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Ross J. Brechner, Catherine C. Cowie, L. Jean Howie, William H. Herman, Julie C. Will, Maureen I. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1993)

<h3>Objective.</h3> —To assess whether adults with diagnosed diabetes in the United States are receiving recommended eye examinations for detection of diabetic retinopathy and what factors are associated with receiving them. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants.</h3> —The design was a cross-sectional survey of the civilian, noninstitutionalized US population 18 years of age or older, based on the 1989 National Health Interview Survey. A multistage probability sampling strategy was used to identify a representative sample of 84572 persons. A questionnaire on diabetes was administered to all subjects with diagnosed diabetes (n=2405). <h3>Main Outcome Measure.</h3> —A dilated eye examination in the past year. <h3>Main Results.</h3> —Of all adults with diagnosed diabetes in the United States, only 49% had a dilated eye examination in the past year. This included 57% of people with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), 55% with insulin-treated non— insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), and 44% with NIDDM not treated with insulin. Even among diabetics at high risk of vision loss because of retinopathy or long duration of diabetes, the proportion with a dilated eye examination was only 61% and 57%, respectively. By logistic regression, the probability of a dilated eye examination among persons with NIDDM increased with older age, higher socioeconomic status, and having attended a diabetes education class. The probability of a dilated eye examination was not independently related to race, duration of diabetes, frequency of physician visits for diabetes, or health insurance. <h3>Conclusions.</h3> —About half of adults with diabetes in the United States are not receiving timely and recommended eye care to detect and treat retinopathy. Widespread interventions, including patient and professional education, are needed to ensure that diabetic patients who are not receiving appropriate eye care have an annual dilated eye examination to detect retinopathy and prevent vision loss. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1993;270:1714-1718)
New uncertainties in prenatal screening for neural tube defect
Authors: R. M Williams, E M Holt, A. Milne
Journal: BMJ (1981)

<h3>Introduction</h3> A surrogate marker of the quality of colorectal cancer resection is the number of lymph nodes harvested from the specimen. Recent attention has focused on the completeness of mesenteric resection in order to maximise lymph node clearance. Laparoscopic resection, where feasible, is accepted as the preferred approach, but concern remains as to the oncologic adequacy of resection compared to traditional open surgery. The aim of this study was to compare colorectal cancer specimens removed by laparoscopic resection with open surgical specimens, as regards lymph node harvest and extent of mesenteric resection. <h3>Method</h3> A consecutive series of 282 consecutive open and laparoscopic colorectal cancer resections, performed by 5 colorectal surgeons, was studied. 78 patients undergoing Hartmann’s or abdomino perineal resection, subtotal colectomy or proctocolectomy were excluded. Pathological examination of the excised specimen was performed by one of 3 colorectal pathologists to a standard protocol. Distance from the tumour to the high tie and number of lymph nodes harvested was recorded for each specimen. <h3>Results</h3> 204 patients (109 male) were included in the analysis. Tumours were divided into 3 groups: right hemi colectomy (82), left hemi colectomy (43) and anterior resection (79). For right sided tumours (32 laparoscopic, 50 open), mean distance to high tie was 87.5 mm for laparoscopic resection and 78.6 mm for open resection (p = 0.07). Mean lymph node harvest was 17.0 nodes laparoscopically compared to 21.8 nodes for open resection (p = 0.008). For left sided tumours (10 laparoscopic, 33 open), mean distance to high tie was 105.2 mm for laparoscopic resection and 102.7 mm for open resection (p = 0.41). Mean lymph node harvest was 18.1 nodes laparoscopically compared to 20.6 for open resection (p = 0.14). For rectal tumours (32 laparoscopic, 47 open), mean distance to high tie was 130.6 mm for laparoscopic resection and 131.5 mm for open resection (p = 0.49). Mean lymph node harvest was 18.1 nodes laparoscopically compared to 21.5 nodes for open resection (p = 0.009). More patients undergoing open resection for rectal cancer patients underwent pre-operative neo-adjuvant treatment (laparoscopic 4/32, 12.5%; open 11/47, 23.4%). <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study indicates that there is no significant difference in the extent of mesenteric resection between open and laparoscopic colectomy specimens from any of the three sites. However, despite comparable lengths of mesenteric resection, significantly more lymph nodes were removed by open resection compared to laparoscopic resection of right sided and rectal tumours. <h3>Disclosure of interest</h3> None Declared.