tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract B30: Cross-priming of CD8+ T cells is controlled by dipeptidyl peptidase 3 and thimet oligopeptidase 1 present in necrotic cells.
Authors: Jaba Gamrekelashvili, Tamar Kapanadze, Josef Wissing, Chi Ma, Lothar Jaensch, Firouzeh Korangy, Tim F. Greten
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Cross-priming of CD8+ T cells and generation of effector immune responses is pivotal for tumor immunity, successful anticancer vaccination and therapy. We have discovered a novel molecular mechanism operating in antigen donor cells, which regulates cross-priming of CD8+ T cells during primary sterile necrosis and thereby controls adaptive immune responses. We show that cellular peptidases, dipeptidyl peptidase 3 (DPP-3) and thimet oligopeptidase 1 (TOP-1) present in non-immunogenic necrotic cells eliminate proteasomal degradation products and block antigen cross-presentation. While sterile necrotic tumor cells fail to induce CD8+ T cell responses, their non-immunogenicity can be reversed in vitro and in vivo by inactivation of peptidases, DPP-3 and TOP-1. Thus control of cross-priming and thereby immunogenicity of primary sterile necrosis relies on the proteasome dependent oligopeptide generation and functional status of peptidases in antigen donor cells. Citation Format: Jaba Gamrekelashvili, Tamar Kapanadze, Josef Wissing, Chi Ma, Lothar Jaensch, Firouzeh Korangy, Tim F. Greten. Cross-priming of CD8+ T cells is controlled by dipeptidyl peptidase 3 and thimet oligopeptidase 1 present in necrotic cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Immunology: Multidisciplinary Science Driving Basic and Clinical Advances; Dec 2-5, 2012; Miami, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B30.
Reversal of aconitine-induced tachycardia by prostaglandins in the rabbit Langendorff preparation
Authors: R. D. TANZ, J. B. ROBBINS, B. N. HARWOOD, D. RIGHTMEIER
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1977)

Journal Article Reversal of aconitine-induced tachycardia by prostaglandins in the rabbit Langendorff preparation Get access RALPH D. TANZ, RALPH D. TANZ 2 From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, Oregon 2Address for correspondence and reprints: Dr Ralph Tanz, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, Oregon (97201), USA. Dr Tanz is a Fogarty Senior International Fellow, NIH. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JAMES B. ROBBINS, JAMES B. ROBBINS From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, Oregon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar BRIAN N. HARWOOD, BRIAN N. HARWOOD From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, Oregon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DEBORAH RIGHTMEIER DEBORAH RIGHTMEIER From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Oregon Health Sciences Center, Portland, Oregon Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 11, Issue 5, September 1977, Pages 446–453, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/11.5.446 Published: 01 September 1977
THE USE OF U 500 INSULIN IN DEEP INSULIN COMA
Authors: G. DONALD NISWANDER, MURIEL C. NELSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1953)

U 500 insulin did not induce therapeutic comas more readily than other conventional concentrations of insulin. The time required for the development of the therapeutic coma was not altered by the use of U 500. Delayed insulin reactions were not more frequent with U 500 insulin than with other types provided the total dosage was equivalent. No untoward clinical effects were noted when U 500 was employed. U 500 insulin can be recommended for deep insulin coma in the treatment of mentally ill patients.
Oral Contraceptive Use and Mortality during 12 Years of Follow-Up: The Nurses' Health Study
Authors: G. A. Colditz
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Objective: To examine prospectively the risk for mortality among women who had ever used oral contraceptives compared with those who had never used oral contraceptives. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Nurses' Health Study. Participants: 166 755 women aged 30 to 55 years in 1976, followed through 1988 (1.3 million person-years of follow-up). Results: On the basis of 2879 deaths, we found no overall difference in mortality among women who had ever used oral contraceptives compared with women who had never used oral contraceptives; the relative risk for ever-users, adjusted for age, body mass index, and cigarette smoking was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.85 to 1.01). We observed no trend in risk for total mortality with increasing duration of past use of oral contraceptives. After adjusting for age, body mass index, and cigarette smoking, women who had used oral contraceptives for 10 or more years had a relative risk of 1.06 (CI, 0.83 to 1.35). Conclusion: Use of oral contraceptives is safe; no evidence from this study indicates that long durations of oral contraceptive use adversely affect long-term risk for mortality.
The secular trends in male:female ratio at birth in postwar industrialized countries.
Authors: P H Jongbloet, G A Zielhuis, H M Groenewoud, P C Pasker-De Jong
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

Finnish investigators [Vartiainen et al. Environmental Chemicals and Changes in Sex Ratio: Analysis Over 250 Years in Finland. Environ Health Perspect 107:813-815 (1999)] presented the sex ratio of all newborn babies from 1751 to 1997 in order to evaluate whether Finnish long-term data are compatible with the hypothesis that the decrease in the ratio of male to female births after World War I and World War II in industrial countries is caused by environmental factors. They found an increase in the proportion of males from 1751 to 1920, which was interrupted by peaks in male births during World War I and World War II and followed by a decrease thereafter, similar to the trends in many other countries. The turning point of male proportion, however, preceded the period of industrialization and introduction of pesticides and hormonal drugs. Thus, a causal association between these environmental exposures and this decrease is unlikely. In addition, none of the various family parameters (e.g., paternal age, maternal age, age difference in parents, birth order) could explain the historical time trends. Vartiainen et al. concluded that at present it is unknown how these historical trends could be mediated. The postwar secular decline of the male:female ratio at birth is not an isolated phenomenon and parallels the decline of perinatal morbidity and mortality, congenital anomalies, and various constitutional diseases. This parallelism indicates a common etiology and may be caused by reduction of conceptopathology, as a correlate to increasing socioeconomic development. An inverted dose response or the dose-response fallacy due to vanishing male conceptuses explains the low sex ratios before World War I and World War II in newborns from black parents and from the lowest socioeconomic classes.
Deviation from prescribed drug treatment after discharge from hospital.
Authors: D M Parkin, C R Henney, J Quirk, J Crooks
Journal: BMJ (1976)

A study of 130 patients discharged from four hospital wards dealing mainly with acute medical cases showed that 66 deviated from the drug regimen prescribed on discharge. Of the patients, 46 did not have a clear understanding of the regimen (non-comprehension) and 20 of the remaining 84 patients understood the prescribed regimen but did not follow the instructions (non-compliance). The prescribing of complex drug regimens, and the availability of medicines prescribed before admission to hospital appeared to be the two main factors influencing non-comprehension and non-compliance.
Physiologic characterization of endothelin A and B receptor activity in the ovine fetal pulmonary circulation.
Authors: D D Ivy, J P Kinsella, S H Abman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

To determine the potential contribution of endothelin (ET) to modulation of high pulmonary vascular resistance in the normal fetus, we studied the effects of BQ 123, a selective ET-A receptor antagonist, and sarafoxotoxin S6c (SFX), a selective ET-B receptor agonist, in 31 chronically prepared late gestation fetal lambs. Brief intrapulmonary infusions of BQ 123 (0.1-1.0 mcg/min for 10 min) caused sustained increases in left pulmonary artery flow (Qp) without changing main pulmonary artery (MPA) and aortic (Ao) pressures. In contrast, BQ 123 did not change vascular resistance in a regional systemic circulation (the fetal hindlimb). To determine whether big-endothelin-1 (big-ET-1)-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction is mediated by ET-A receptor stimulation, we studied the effects of big-ET-1 with or without pretreatment with BQ 123. BQ 123 (0.5 mcg/min for 10 min) blocked the rise in total pulmonary resistance caused by big-ET-1. CGS 27830 (100 mcg/min for 10 min), an ET-A and -B receptor antagonist, did not change basal tone but blocked big-ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction. Brief and prolonged intrapulmonary infusion of SFX (0.1 mcg/min for 10 min) increased Qp twofold without changing MPA or Ao pressures. Nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), a selective endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) antagonist, blocked vasodilation caused by BQ 123 and SFX. We conclude that: (a) BQ 123 causes sustained fetal pulmonary vasodilation, but did not change vascular resistance in the fetal hindlimb; (b) Big-ET-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction may be mediated through ET-A receptor stimulation; and (c) ET-B receptor stimulation causes pulmonary vasodilation through EDNO release. These findings support the hypothesis that endothelin may play a role in modulation of high basal pulmonary vascular resistance in the normal fetus.
Vitiligo Area Scoring Index and Vitiligo European Task Force assessment: reliable and responsive instruments to measure the degree of depigmentation in vitiligo
Authors: L. Komen, V. da Graça, A. Wolkerstorfer, M.A. de Rie, C.B. Terwee, J.P.W. van der Veen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Vitiligo is a common skin disorder causing depigmented macules that can impair a patient's quality of life. Currently, there are no standardized outcome measures to assess the degree of depigmentation. Moreover, there is limited knowledge on the measurement properties of outcome measures in vitiligo. To assess the reliability and responsiveness of the Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI) and the Vitiligo European Task Force assessment (VETFa), two well‐described clinician‐reported outcomes. We included three vitiligo patient groups. In one group of 31 patients, the interobserver reliability was assessed by three observers. In 27 patients the intraobserver reliability was assessed by two repeated measures by one of the observers. To assess the responsiveness the repigmentation was calculated after 6 months of phototherapy in 33 patients and tested against hypotheses. The interobserver reliability was high for VASI [intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0·93] and VETFa depigmentation (ICC 0·88). The intraobserver reliability was high for VASI (ICC 0·93) and VETFa depigmentation (ICC 0·97). The smallest detectable changes (SDCs) were 7·1% and 10·4% for interobserver reliability and 4·7% and 2·9% for intraobserver reliability in VASI and VETFa depigmentation, respectively. All four responsiveness hypotheses formulated a priori were confirmed. VASI and VETFa are reliable and responsive instruments to assess the degree of depigmentation in vitiligo. VASI and VETFa for depigmentation are potential instruments for vitiligo research in the future. However, for use in individual patient care, caution is needed when interpreting score changes in individual patients because of the relatively large SDC.
Screening for Thyroid Disease
Authors: Mark N. Friedman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters19 January 1999Screening for Thyroid DiseaseMark N. Friedman, DOMark N. Friedman, DOBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-2-199901190-00016 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:The guideline on screening for thyroid disease (1) suggests that screening in women younger than 50 years of age and in men is not warranted because of the low prevalence of unsuspected but symptomatic thyroid dysfunction in this group. However, screening in this group should be considered, particularly in persons with symptoms consistent with subclinical or overt hypothyroidism. For example, in patients with mood or cognitive disorders, regardless of age, or in those with a family history of one of these disorders, screening for thyroid dysfunction should be considered. It may be reasonable to also screen younger, ...References1. American College of Physicians. Screening for thyroid disease. Ann Intern Med. 1998;129:141-3. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Haggerty JJ, Prange AJ. Borderline hypothyroidism and depression. Annu Rev Med. 1995;46:37-46. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. Haggerty JJ, Stern RA, Mason G, Beckwith J, Morey CE, Prange AJ. Subclinical hypothyroidism: a modifiable risk factor for depression? Am J Psychiatry. 1993;150:508-10. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Hickie I, Bennett B, Mitchell P, Wilhelm K, Orlay W. Clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism in patients with chronic and treatment-resistant depression. N Z J Psychiatry. 1996;30:246-52. CrossrefGoogle Scholar5. Krause RP, Phoenix E, Edmonds MW, Nicholson IR, Chandarana PC, Tokmakejian S. Exaggerated TSH responses to TRH in depressed patients with “normal” baseline TSH. J Clin Psychiatry. 1997;58:266-70. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Boston, MA 02215 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoScreening for Thyroid DiseaseScreening for Thyroid Disease Robert S. Dieter Screening for Thyroid Disease Mark Helfand and Craig C. Redfern Screening for Thyroid Disease Glen L. Hortin Screening for Thyroid Disease Flavio Zelmanovitz Metrics 19 January 1999Volume 130, Issue 2Page: 161-162KeywordsBrainHypothyroidismMedical risk factorsMemoryScreening guidelinesThyroidThyroid diseasesThyroid hormonesThyroid-stimulating hormoneWeight gain Issue Published: 19 January 1999 CopyrightCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Role of lipoprotein-X in the pathogenesis of cholestatic hypercholesterolemia. Uptake of lipoprotein-X and its effect on 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase and chylomicron remnant removal in human fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and in the rat.
Authors: A K Walli, D Seidel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Cholestasis is accompanied by the appearance of lipoprotein-X (LP-X) in plasma. This lipoprotein has a high content of unesterified cholesterol and phospholipids and appears to be ineffective in suppressing the enhanced hepatic cholesterogenesis of cholestasis. Its role as a possible causative factor for cholestatic hypercholesterolemia was investigated. When 125I-LP-X was injected into rats, it disappeared rapidly from the circulation. Calculated on the basis of gram wet weight, spleen took up more LP-X than liver. Prior ligation of the bile duct reduced the uptake in spleen. Experiments with isolated perfused rat liver showed that nonparenchymal cells (NPC) took up over eightfold more 125I-LP-X than hepatic parenchymal cells (PC). Incubation of PC, NPC, human lymphocyte suspensions, or fibroblast cultures with LP-X showed that NPC bound more LP-X than PC or fibroblasts. Lymphocytes took up 20-fold more LP-X than PC and the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl Coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase was depressed by LP-X. Lymphocytes isolated from cholestatic patients showed low activity of this enzyme. The activity was increased by LP-X in isolated perfused livers, but suppressed in isolated microsomes. LP-X competitively inhibited the uptake of chylomicron remnants in isolated perfused livers and hepatocytes. In contrast, degradation of LDL by perfused livers, which were isolated from ethinyl estradiol-treated rats or human fibroblast cultures, remained unchanged in the presence of LP-X. The results indicate that cholesterol transported by LP-X is mainly taken up by the cells of the reticuloendothelial system. It increases the activity of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase and suppresses remnant uptake, thus emphasizing a major role of LP-X in cholestatic hypercholesterolemia.
Congress Debates 1997 Appropriations
Authors: M. J. Hoeksema
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1996)

At Journal press time, Congress passed a massive spending bill, which funded all federal agencies, including the National Institutes of Health. The following article provides background on the debate leading up to the bill's passage. The final version of the bill provides $2.382 billion for the National Cancer Institute in fiscal year 1997.
Review of harmful gastrointestinal effects of carrageenan in animal experiments.
Authors: J K Tobacman
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2001)

In this article I review the association between exposure to carrageenan and the occurrence of colonic ulcerations and gastrointestinal neoplasms in animal models. Although the International Agency for Research on Cancer in 1982 identified sufficient evidence for the carcinogenicity of degraded carrageenan in animals to regard it as posing a carcinogenic risk to humans, carrageenan is still used widely as a thickener, stabilizer, and texturizer in a variety of processed foods prevalent in the Western diet. I reviewed experimental data pertaining to carrageenan's effects with particular attention to the occurrence of ulcerations and neoplasms in association with exposure to carrageenan. In addition, I reviewed from established sources mechanisms for production of degraded carrageenan from undegraded or native carrageenan and data with regard to carrageenan intake. Review of these data demonstrated that exposure to undegraded as well as to degraded carrageenan was associated with the occurrence of intestinal ulcerations and neoplasms. This association may be attributed to contamination of undegraded carrageenan by components of low molecular weight, spontaneous metabolism of undegraded carrageenan by acid hydrolysis under conditions of normal digestion, or the interactions with intestinal bacteria. Although in 1972, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration considered restricting dietary carrageenan to an average molecular weight &gt; 100,000, this resolution did not prevail, and no subsequent regulation has restricted use. Because of the acknowledged carcinogenic properties of degraded carrageenan in animal models and the cancer-promoting effects of undegraded carrageenan in experimental models, the widespread use of carrageenan in the Western diet should be reconsidered.
Hearing Loss in Infants of Tuberculous Mothers Treated with Streptomycin during Pregnancy
Authors: Geoffrey C. Robinson, Kenneth G. Cambon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1964)

IN a recent study1 of the etiology of hearing loss in 200 preschool children the prenatal administration of streptomycin or dihydrostreptomycin for treatment of tuberculosis in pregnant women was not encountered. In the subsequent 100 cases, however, 2 children with congenital hearing loss were found whose mothers had received streptomycin for the treatment of tuberculosis during pregnancy.The purpose of this report is to describe these 2 cases and to review the literature concerning congenital hearing loss from this cause.Case ReportsCase 1. D.P. was born on December 28, 1959, after a full-term pregnancy complicated by a recurrence of . . .
Drug Addiction: An Eclectic View
Authors: Alfred M. Freedman
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Until quite recently, concern with narcotics addicts in the United States was largely limited to law-enforcement officials. Within the past decade, however, there has been developing an increasing interest in this group of patients on the part of the medical profession. The social problems stemming from the use of drugs by large numbers of young people have also quickened the interest and concern of the general public. While the criminal behavior that usually accompanies presentday addiction is rightly the province of law-enforcement agencies and the concern of the public, it must be emphasized that drug addiction per se is a medical problem which deserves the serious and creative attention of the medical profession. Dependence on drugs stems from many factors which contribute in varying degrees to an eventual behavioral pattern. These factors include social and economic status, ethnic origin, housing, employment, the law, problems of urban living, biological and physiological
Diet and drinking habits in alcoholic pancreatitis.
Authors: H Sarles
Journal: Gut (1986)

Diet and drinking habits in alcoholic pancreatitis SIR,-In the paper by Wilson et al (Gut 1985; 26: 882-87) they concluded that there was no significant difference between the dietary and drinking habits of patients with clinically evident alcoholic pancreatitis and patients with clinically evident alcoholic cirrhosis.The purpose of this paper was to deter- mine 'whether increased intake of fat and protein or particular drinking habits are associated with the development of alcoholic pancreatitis'.
Inhibition of IL-12/IL-23 signaling reduces Alzheimer's disease–like pathology and cognitive decline
Authors: Johannes vom Berg, Stefan Prokop, Kelly R Miller, Juliane Obst, Roland E Kälin, Ileana Lopategui-Cabezas, Anja Wegner, Florian Mair, Carola G Schipke, Oliver Peters, York Winter, Burkhard Becher, Frank L Heppner
Journal: Nature Medicine (2012)
My First MRCP Book
Authors: P. Grant
Journal: BMJ (2003)

The examination for membership of the Royal College of Physicians (the MRCP) is not easy. In fact it can be demoralising, gruelling, and expensive. The authors of this clever revision guide say that there is no better doctor than the general medical registrar who has just passed the MRCP. This is because the exam assesses a vast range of detailed medical practice at a high level. The …