tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstracts 1880–2047
Authors: J. Vernachio, D. Bryant, S. D. Chamberlain, E. Gorovits, B. S. Ganguly, A. Hall, G. W. Henson, D. S. Hunley, J. T. Hutchins, J. Muhammad, J. Patti, C. R. Walters, J. Wang, Karolina Madela, Mohamed Aljarah, Sarah Louise Jones, Christopher McGuigan
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Background: Due to high replication rate and poor fidelity of RNA polymerase, preexisting variants resistant to any single direct-acting anti-HCV agent are deemed inevitable.Therefore, therapy with direct antiviral agents will require combination treatment to achieve sustained virologic response.ACH-1625 is an NS3 protease inhibitor that exhibits potent antiviral activity (a 3.81 log 10 mean maximum drop of plasma HCV RNA) after dosing hepatitis C patients at 600 mg QD for 5 days.ACH-2928 is an NS5A inhibitor that displays low picomolar potency against HCV replicons.In this in vitro study, the combinatory effects of two drugs for antiviral activity and for prevention of emergence of resistant variants were investigated in the presence and absence of ribavirin.Methods: Huh-7 cells harboring HCV replicons were utilized for evaluation of combination treatment.These replicons were derived from a laboratory strain or a lab strain within which the inhibitor-targeted region was replaced with a corresponding region of HCV RNA obtained from clinical isolates.For evaluation of antiviral activity, inhibitors were added to cells in serial dilutions of concentrations in a checker board manner.Three days after addition of compounds, the level of HCV RNA replication was quantified with luciferase reporter assay.For evaluation of prevention of emergence of resistant variants, cells were treated with inhibitors either alone or together at several concentrations in the presence of G418 till the cells formed visible colonies.Results: Combination of ACH-1625 and ACH-2928 in the presence or absence of ribavirin yielded an additive to synergistic antiviral effect.Combination of these two agents blocked significantly the emergence of resistant variants and this effect is more pronounced in the presence of ribavirin.More importantly, such an effect in preventing the emergence of resistant variants was also observed with cells harboring a population of chimeric replicons from HCV-infected patients, a system representing the quasispecies nature of HCV virions in patients.Conclusion: Our data showed enhanced antiviral effect and inhibition of emergence of resistant variants when ACH-1625 is combined with ACH-2928 either in presence or absence of ribavirin in vitro.These results warrant clinical investigation of combination of ACH-1625 and ACH-2928 in hepatitis C patients.
Laquinimod Delays and Suppresses Nephritis in Lupus‐Prone Mice and Affects Both Myeloid and Lymphoid Immune Cells
Authors: Elaine V. Lourenço, Maida Wong, Bevra H. Hahn, M. Fernando Palma‐Diaz, Brian J. Skaggs
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2013)

Lupus nephritis depends on autoantibody deposition and activation of multiple immune cell types that promote kidney inflammation, including lymphocytes and monocyte/macrophages. Laquinimod, currently in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis and lupus nephritis, reduces infiltration of inflammatory cells into the spinal cord in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Activated monocyte/macrophages infiltrate the kidneys during nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We undertook this study to determine whether using laquinimod to reduce monocyte/macrophage-driven tissue damage as well as to alter lymphocytes in SLE nephritis could have greater therapeutic benefit than current treatments that primarily affect lymphocytes, such as mycophenolate mofetil (MMF).To test laquinimod efficacy, we used the (NZB × NZW)F1 mouse model of SLE, in which disease manifests as nephritis. Preventive and therapeutic studies were performed to determine whether laquinimod could prevent or delay nephritis, as measured by proteinuria, serum creatinine, survival, and renal pathology. Spleen and kidney leukocyte populations and suppression assays were analyzed by flow cytometry.Laquinimod prevented or delayed lupus manifestations at levels equal to or better than MMF. Laquinimod treatment was associated with reduced numbers of monocyte/macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes, as well as with induction of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in spleens and kidneys. Laquinimod suppressed macrophage-secreted tumor necrosis factor α and induced production of interleukin-10 (IL-10). In addition, laquinimod suppressed interferon-γ and IL-17 production by lymphocytes and down-regulated expression of activation/costimulatory markers on antigen-presenting cells.The effects of laquinimod on myeloid and lymphoid cells may contribute to improvements in (NZB × NZW)F1 mouse survival, proteinuria, and glomerulonephritis. Future development of laquinimod as a therapeutic agent for lupus nephritis is promising.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections after scleral buckling procedures for retinal detachments associated with atopic dermatitis11The authors have no proprietary interest in any material or device discussed in this article.
Authors: Yusuke Oshima, Masahito Ohji, Yoshitsugu Inoue, Jun Harada, Masanobu Motokura, Yoshihiro Saito, Kazuyuki Emi, Yasuo Tano
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Gab-Family Adapter Proteins Act Downstream of Cytokine and Growth Factor Receptors and T- and B-Cell Antigen Receptors
Authors: Keigo Nishida, Yuichi Yoshida, Motoyuki Itoh, Toshiyuki Fukada, Takuya Ohtani, Takahiro Shirogane, Toru Atsumi, Mariko Takahashi-Tezuka, Katsuhiko Ishihara, Masahiko Hibi, Toshio Hirano
Journal: Blood (1999)
Isolated granulocytic sarcoma: report of a case and review of the literature.
Authors: M Eshghabadi, A M Shojania, I Carr
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Granulocytic sarcoma (GS) is an extramedullary tumor composed of granulocytic precursor cells. The tumor usually develops during the course of myelogenous leukemia or myeloproliferative disorders and may represent the initial manifestation of leukemia. Rarely, GS is recognized as an isolated tumor without any evidence of leukemia. However, in such cases, leukemia generally develops within 1 to 2 years of the diagnosis of GS. We are reporting a case of a 45-year-old woman who was diagnosed as having an isolated GS of the right breast in August 1980. She was treated with a partial mastectomy followed by 1 year of combination chemotherapy as used in the cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia and has remained free of disease to the present time. That is, she has not developed leukemia or recurrence of GS for 64 months. Based on this experience and on the review of the literature, we recommend that all cases of GS be treated with combination chemotherapy as in cases of acute myeloblastic leukemias.
A genome wide DNA microsatellite association study of Japanese patients with high altitude pulmonary edema
Authors: Nobumitsu Kobayashi, Masao Ota, Masayuki Hanaoka, Yunden Droma, Michiko Ito, Yoshihiko Katsuyama, Hideki Asamura, Keishi Kubo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema that develops in susceptible people who ascend quickly to high altitude. The pathogenesis remains to be conclusively elucidated and genetic polymorphisms were highly proposed to be associated with HAPE. The aim of this study is attempt to identify the locations of the candidate human genes those might associate with the HAPE susceptibility or resistance.   Methods:  The case group included 53 Japanese HAPE susceptible subjects (HAPE-s) who had developed HAPE during climbing mountains higher than 2500m and the control group enrolled 67 HAPE Japanese resistant subjects (HAPE-r) who were Japanese Alpinist and did not develop HAPE during their histories. A case-control association study was performed using 400 polymorphic microsatellite markers (which define about 10 centiMorgan resolution throughout the whole genome) by PCR. The PCR-amplified products were sequenced automatically by Gene Scan software.   Results:  Nine markers (D1S468, D1S2697, D1S2785, D4S405, D5S424, D6S257, D12S2638, D16S3103 and D21S263) showed statistically significant associations with the susceptibility to HAPE, and three markers (D1S230, D14S283 and D22S280) showed significant associations with the resistance to HAPE. These markers were in linkage with genes controlling pulmonary alveolus structure, chloride channel, endocrine proteins, and other factors those might play important roles in the development of HAPE.   Conclusion:  This is the first genomewide association study in HAPE. It revealed several candidate genes in associations with HAPE. The development of HAPE may be determined by the interaction of multiply genes.
Soluble DPP-4 up-regulates toll-like receptors and augments inflammatory reactions, which are ameliorated by vildagliptin or mannose-6-phosphate
Authors: Dong-Sung Lee, Eun-Sol Lee, Md. Morshedul Alam, Jun-Hyeog Jang, Ho-Sub Lee, Hyuncheol Oh, Youn-Chul Kim, Zahid Manzoor, Young-Sang Koh, Dae-Gil Kang, Dae Ho Lee
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
Relation between vascular patterns visualized by narrow band imaging (NBI) videobronchoscopy and histological type of lung cancer
Authors: Bojan Zaric, Branislav Perin, Goran Stojanovic, Vladimir Stojsic, Vladimir Carapic, Senka Milutinov, Tatjana Sarcev, Milan Antonic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction : Narrow Band Imaging (NBI) videobronchoscopy is a new technique for visualization of bronchial mucosa. It has shown to be efficient in lung cancer detection. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate relation between vascular patterns visualized by NBI as described by Shibuya and histology of lung cancer.

Patients and methods : The study included 65 patients with suspected lung cancer scheduled for bronchoscopy. After identification of endoscopically visible tumor NBI was used to determine predominant type of pathological vascular pattern (dotted, tortuous, abrupt-ending blood vessels – Shibuya descriptors). Pearson's chi-square test was used to test statistical significance between vascular pattern and histological type of cancer.

Results : Lung cancer was confirmed in all patients;63.1% was diagnosed with squamous cell lung cancer (SCC),24.6% had adenocarcinoma,9.2% had small cell (SCLC)and 3.1% large cell lung cancer(LC). Dotted blood vessels were significantly(p<0.000) associated with adenocarcinoma, identified in 68.4% adenocarcinoma and 31.6%SCC. Tortuous blood vessels were identified in 72% SCC,8% adenocarcinoma,12%SCLC and 8% of LC. Tortuous blood vessels were significantly(p<0.000) associated with SCC. Abrupt ending vessels were identified in 81% SCC, 14.3% SCLC and 4.8% adenocarcinoma, this type of blood vessels was also significantly associated(p<0.000) with SCC.

Conclusions : Dotted visual pattern of blood vessels identified during NBI videobronchoscopy is highly suggesting adenocarcinoma histology of lung cancer, while tortuous and abrupt ending blood vessels significantly suggest squamous cell histology of lung cancer.
Skin Homograft Tolerance in Long-Lived Radiation Chimeras and Its Abolition by Injected Lymphoid Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W. E. Davis, L. J. Cole
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

(C57L × A) F1 hybrid mice (LAF1) were exposed to a lethal dose of X rays (870 r) and then received intravenous injections of mouse bone marrow cells obtained from genetically foreign normal donors (C3H strain). The mice that had survived for 1 year or more after this treatment were then challenged with tail-skin grafts to evaluate their immunological state. LAF1 and C3H-type skin grafts (corresponding to the host and the marrow donor strains, respectively) were accepted by almost all the recipients. BALB/c- or DBA/2-type skin grafts (foreign to both the host and marrow donor strains) were rejected. These long-lived mice, known to be radiation chimeras, are therefore capable of a homograft response, but are tolerant to skin grafts of host (LAF1) or of marrow donor (C3H) genotype. The tolerance to C3H skin grafts was abolished, and the C3H skin grafts were rejected 2 to 3 months after inoculation with lymphoid cells obtained from either normal or sensitized (anti-C3H) LAF1 donors. Other chimeras, receiving injections of irradiated LAF1 lymphoid tissue, maintained tolerance to the C3H skin grafts. To test for the presence of immunologically active C3H-type cells in these chimeras, cells from their lymphoid tissues were injected into sublethally irradiated (C3H × DBA/2)F1 hybrids, and the signs of wasting and death known to follow the injection of parental strain C3H cells (but not LAF1 cells) were observed. With this system, C3H lymphoid cells were present in the tolerant mice. In contrast, these cells were not present in the mice that were no longer tolerant to C3H grafts.
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Chromosome Variation in Human Cells in Culture
Authors: L. De Carli, J. J. Maio, F. Nuzzo
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

A detailed chromosomal analysis of a heteroploid strain of human cultured cells with very high alkaline phosphatase activity and of enzyme-deficient lines derived from the same strain indicates that the reduction in enzyme activity may be associated with a loss of 7 to 8 chromosomes. Furthermore, the chromosome losses in the deficient lines were not distributed randomly over the various groups, but were most pronounced in groups IV (long acrocentrics) and VII (short acrocentrics). Group VII showed the greatest loss: The chromosome number was at least halved with respect to the parental strain. However, the differences in specific alkaline phosphatase activities between the parental strain and the deficient lines were nearly 1000-fold. Therefore, there apparently is no linearity between alkaline phosphatase activity and chromosomal dose in these cells. The present findings agree with the claim that short acrocentric chromosomes may be carriers of genes controlling alkaline phosphatase activity in human cells.
Aetiological panorama in the diagnosis of interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Snouber Abdelmajid, Métahri Malika, Drissi Fatéma Zohra, Bennani Abdellatif, Guermaz Malika
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objective: To assess demographic characters, clinical context and aetiological profile of interstitial lung diseases.  Methods: A retrospective study of all cases of interstitial lung diseases observed in our chest clinic in Oran town during the period 2010-2013.Collection of information was done by informational system of interstitial lung disease. High-resolution computed tomography scan reading was done by three trained investigators. Data were analysed by epi-info software package.  Results: Of 131 cases were counted which represent an incidence in hospital of 10% during this period (2010-2013).The mean age was 55 years, the modal age was 60 year with a frequency of 60% in females. Taking drugs was present in 14% cases ,active and passive smoking ,respectively 26% and 19% .About 50% of patients presented a cough with dyspnoea and 16% extrathoracic symptoms.23% of cases had a classical usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern on high-resolution computed tomography and 76% of cases had features considered to be inconsistent with UIP pattern. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and sarcoidosis represented 41% of cases, followed by miliary tuberculosis 11,4%,lymphangitis carcinoma 9,9%,hypersensitivity pneumonitis 9,1%,undetermined interstitial lung disease 7,6% and connectivite 5,3%.  Conclusion: Hospital morbidity of interstitial lung diseases for a long time unknown is now growing with input from high-resolution computed tomography. The emergence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the most devastating form of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia, needs an earlier and more confident diagnosis.
Brief Communication: Small, Virus-Like Particles Detected in Bovine Sera by Electron Microscopy2
Authors: Edmund W. Benz, Harold L. Moses
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Brief Communication: Small, Virus-Like Particles Detected in Bovine Sera by Electron Microscopy Get access Edmund W. Benz, Jr., Edmund W. Benz, Jr. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Harold L. Moses Harold L. Moses Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 52, Issue 6, June 1974, Pages 1931–1934, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/52.6.1931 Published: 01 June 1974 Article history Received: 05 March 1974 Accepted: 11 March 1974 Published: 01 June 1974
Informed Consent in Indian Patients
Authors: A K Sanwal, S Kumar, P Sahni, S Nundy
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1996)

It is commonly believed that patients in India do not need to be told about their operations as they are unable to understand the complexities and forget the salient facts soon afterwards. Obtaining informed consent is therefore considered to be an unnecessary ritual. We studied 100 consecutive patients undergoing elective major abdominal operations and asked them 5 days after their operations to recall certain details about the procedure which had been explained to them preoperatively. Seventy per cent of the patients recalled the relevant data. The ability was the same in males and females (67% and 69%) but the older, less educated and poorer patients performed worse than the others. Ninety-eight per cent of the patients appreciated being given the information as it reduced their anxiety about the operation. Indian patients are able to comprehend and should be informed about the details of their operation. Particular care should be taken during explanation to the old, poor and illiterate. In these informed consent should be a continuous process rather than a single event and the information should also be given to a younger and more educated relative.
Study of B Particles in Stomach Milk of Nursing Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: George Miroff, Beatrice S. Magdoff-Fair-Child
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

With procedures effective for isolation of B particles from breast milk, no particles were found in extracts of coagulated stomach milk from suckling mice nursing on mothers containing the mammary tumor agent. Treatment at 37° C for ½ hour of coagulated stomach milk slurries with stomach juices, trypsin, chymotrypsin, or pepsin yielded extracts from which B particles could be sedimented. Morphologically and in their buoyant densities in cesium chloride these B particles were indistinguishable from those obtained from breast milk. The activity of stomach milk was associated with the supernatant fraction after ultracentrifugation of buffered extracts of stomach milk. The washed sediments containing B particles were inactive. These results indicate the active principle in stomach milk is a molecule unsedimentable after 1 hour at 100,000 × g.
Functionally defined CD164 epitopes are expressed on CD34(+) cells throughout ontogeny but display distinct distribution patterns in adult hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic tissues.
Authors: Suzanne M. Watt, Lisa H. Butler, Manuela Tavian, Hans Jörg Bühring, Irene Rappold, Paul J. Simmons, Andrew C W Zannettino, David Buck, Anja Fuchs, Regis Doyonnas, James Yi Hsin Chan, Jean Pierre Levesque, Bruno Peault, Ioannis Roxanis
Journal: Blood (2000)
Hypoxia-mediated apoptosis in oral carcinoma cells occurs via two independent pathways.
Authors: Nagathihalli S Nagarajah, Nadarajah Vigneswaran, Wolfgang Zacharias
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2004)

We are attempting to elucidate the mechanism of apoptotic cell death induced by hypoxia in oral cancer cells. Since hypoxia can render solid tumors more resistant to radiation and chemotherapy, understanding the pathways involved in hypoxia-induced apoptosis of oral cancer cells would be of significant therapeutic value. Here we showed that oral cancer cells from primary tumor and lymph node metastasis undergo apoptosis after 24 to 48 h of hypoxia. During hypoxic growth, an increase in caspase-3 proteolytic activity was observed, accompanied by the cleavage of PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) indicative of caspase activity. In addition, hypoxic stress also lead to activation of caspase-8, -9, and -10 but not -1, elicited the release of cytochrome C into the cytosol, and resulted in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. These results show that hypoxia-induced apoptosis in oral carcinoma cell lines relies on both intrinsic (mitochondrial) and extrinsic (cell death receptor mediated) pathways. This novel evidence will assist in designing more efficient combination chemotherapy approaches as promising strategy for the treatment of oral cancers.
Germline mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene in children with osteosarcoma.
Authors: J F McIntyre, B Smith-Sorensen, S H Friend, J Kassell, A L Borresen, Y X Yan, C Russo, J Sato, N Barbier, J Miser
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

We investigated the possibility that a significant proportion of children with osteosarcoma harbor germline mutations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene and, therefore, this subgroup of pediatric cancer patients should be considered for large-scale predictive testing.Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral-blood leukocytes from 235 unselected children with osteosarcoma from 33 institutions were screened for the presence of germline p53 mutations using constant denaturant gel electrophoresis (CDGE). Exons 5 through 8 were evaluated in all patients and exon 2 and exon 9 were analyzed in 59 and 95 patients, respectively. Those samples that showed aberrant migration on CDGE were sequenced or analyzed by restriction enzyme digestion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products to confirm the nature of the gene alteration.In 18 samples, CDGE showed fragments of the p53 gene with altered electrophoretic mobilities compared with wild-type p53. DNA sequencing showed that 11 samples had an identical, previously described polymorphism. The other seven contained heterozygous p53 mutations located in exon 5 (n = 3), exon 6 (n = 1), exon 7 (n = 1), and exon 8 (n = 2). Six alterations were missense mutations and one was a nonsense mutation. Three of these patients had first-degree relatives with cancer. One of these three kindreds had a family history consistent with Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS).We identified germline p53 mutations in seven of 235 (3.0%) children with osteosarcoma. Four of these mutations were found in patients who did not have first-degree relatives with cancer. Although genetic transmission of the altered p53 gene could not be tested in this survey because of how it was designed, it is possible that predictive testing for p53 mutations could identify unaffected relatives of gene carriers who also have a high risk for the development of cancer. This study provides evidence for the importance of considering children with osteosarcoma for predictive testing for germline p53 mutations.