tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Bosentan for Treatment of Inoperable Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Xavier Jaïs, Andrea M. D'Armini, Pavel Jansa, Adam Torbicki, Marion Delcroix, Hossein A. Ghofrani, Marius M. Hoeper, Irene M. Lang, Eckhard Mayer, Joanna Pepke-Zaba, Loïc Perchenet, Adele Morganti, Gérald Simonneau, Lewis J. Rubin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase Is an Innate Immune DNA Sensor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Angela C. Collins, Haocheng Cai, Tuo Li, Luis H. Franco, Xiao-Dong Li, Vidhya R. Nair, Caitlyn R. Scharn, Chelsea E. Stamm, Beth Levine, Zhijian J. Chen, Michael U. Shiloh
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)

Activation of the DNA-dependent cytosolic surveillance pathway in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection stimulates ubiquitin-dependent autophagy and inflammatory cytokine production, and plays an important role in host defense against M. tuberculosis. However, the identity of the host sensor for M. tuberculosis DNA is unknown. Here we show that M. tuberculosis activated cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) in macrophages to produce cGAMP, a second messenger that activates the adaptor protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to induce type I interferons and other cytokines. cGAS localized with M. tuberculosis in mouse and human cells and in human tuberculosis lesions. Knockdown or knockout of cGAS in human or mouse macrophages blocked cytokine production and induction of autophagy. Mice deficient in cGAS were more susceptible to lethality caused by infection with M. tuberculosis. These results demonstrate that cGAS is a vital innate immune sensor of M. tuberculosis infection.
Further Studies on the Relationship Between Large Glycoprotein Molecules and Allotransplantability in the TA3 Tumor of the Mouse: Studies on Segregating TA3-Ha Hybrids23
Authors: John F. Codington, George Klein, Amiel G. Cooper, Nora Lee, Michael C. Brown, Roger W. Jeanloz
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

In a series of six TA3-Ha/A.CA hybrid cell lines formed by the fusion of the TA3-Ha mammary carcinoma of a strain A mouse with a normal embryonic fibroblast of an A.CA mouse and then converted to the ascites form in parental strain A, the capacity to grow in foreign strains was inversely related to the ability to absorb anti-H-2a antibody. The absorptive capacities of the hybrid cell lines were intermediate between the low absorptive capacity of the non-strain-specific parent TA3-Ha ascites cell line and the much higher absorptive capacity of the strain-specific ascites line TA3-St of the same tumor. Each hybrid cell line possessed an abundance of large endogenous cell-surface glycoprotein molecules similar to epiglycanin, a glycoprotein detected at the surface of the parent TA3-Ha cell. The results suggested that the amount of epiglycanin-like material at the hybrid cell surfaces, determined by chemical and immunochemical methods, may have been directly related to the capacities of the cells to grow in foreign mouse strains and inversely related to their capacities to absorb anti-H-2a antibody.
Bone Marrow Colony-Stimulating Activity of Serum From Mice With Viral-Induced Leukemia<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>
Authors: D. Metcalf, R. Foster
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1967)

Sera from 137 Swiss mice with viral-induced lymphoid leukemia stimulated in vitro granulocytic and mononuclear cell colony formation by DBA/1 bone marrow cells. Only 32% of sera from 180 normal Swiss mice exhibited colony-stimulating activity and this activity was weak compared with leukemic serum. Serum activity was not elevated in the preleukemic period. Linear relationships were found between leukemic or normal serum dose and the number and size of bone marrow colonies developing after stimulation. Filtrates of leukemic tissues exhibited no colony-stimulating activity and inhibited colony stimulation by active sera. Leukemic serum colony-stimulating activity was filterable, withstood repeated freeze-thawing, and was relatively heat stable.
Bacteraemia caused by third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli in France: prevalence, molecular epidemiology and clinical features
Authors: A. Courpon-Claudinon, A. Lefort, X. Panhard, O. Clermont, Q. Dornic, B. Fantin, F. Mentré, M. Wolff, E. Denamur, C. Branger
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Complete resolution of large iatrogenic tracheal laceration with conservative approach
Authors: Liesbeth Vervliet, Paul Van Schil, Wim Vos, Tessi Beyltjens, Rogier Vroon, Wilfried De Backer, Peter Van Hal
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Tracheal laceration is a rare complication of tracheal intubation. Its management, surgical versus conservative, is still a matter of debate. Only in the absence of respiratory failure and a laceration size  Schneider T et al Ann Thoracic Surg 2007;83:1960 )  We present two cases of large tracheal post-intubation lacerations. The tears, localized in the membranous part, were > 4 cm long and healed spontaneously as confirmed by chest CT and bronchoscopy after 4 weeks. In both cases prophylactic antibiotics were administered.  A 45-year-old woman presented with progressive subcutaneous emphysema 8 days after arthroscopy under general anesthesia. Chest CT showed a 5 cm long lesion of the membranous part of the distal trachea with pneumomediastinum. During bronchoscopy opening and closing of the lesion in phase with respiration was observed.  A 53-year-old woman presented with massive subcutaneous facial emphysema after gastroscopy under general anesthesia. CT revealed a defect at the level of the right posterior tracheal membrane just proximal of the main carina and bronchoscopy confirmed a large patulous laceration. (figure)  Although a surgical approach is usually preferred in tracheal lacerations > 4 cm, a complete and uncomplicated healing of lesions of the membranous part may be observed with conservative treatment.
Influence of airway calibre on the intrapulmonary dose and distribution of inhaled aerosol in normal and asthmatic subjects
Authors: KF Chung, K Jeyasingh, PD Snashall
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

We investigated the relationship between airway calibre and the dose and distribution of inhaled aerosol in ten normal and six asthmatic subjects. Subjects inhaled saline aerosol containing 99mTcO4 delivered from a nebulizer connected to a dosimeter, and the lung fields were scanned with a gamma-camera. Right lung dose (RLD) was calculated as percentage of total dose. Intrapulmonary distribution was measured as penetration index (PI) (peripheral zone counts/central zone counts). Asthmatics had a significantly lower PI than normal subjects and there was a linear relationship between PI and baseline specific airway conductance (sGaw, p less than 0.001), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1, p less than 0.05). After bronchodilatation with salbutamol (delta sGaw 101 +/- 31%, mean +/- SEM), PI increased from 0.73 +/- 0.11 to 1.09 +/- 0.15 (p less than 0.05); after bronchoconstriction with methacholine (delta sGaw 62.6 +/- 2.9%), PI decreased from 1.42 +/- 0.24 to 1.06 +/- 0.22 (p less than 0.05). Changes of PI were correlated with changes in sGaw and FEV1 (n = 20, p less than 0.001) but changes of RLD and changes in airway calibre were not. The distribution of inhaled aerosol, but not the dose, is largely dependent on airway calibre. The differences in PI between normal and asthmatic subjects may at best be explained by the differences in central airway calibre.
Restriction of physical activity in asthmatic children and adolescents by their relatives
Authors: Marco Valois, Fabiana Assis, Emilia Costa, Silvia Sarinho, Emanuel Sarinho, Angelo Rizzo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Physical activities (PA) are important for children and adolescents, especially in asthmatics. A significant proportion of them are considered less active than their non-asthmatic peers and maternal health beliefs have been pointed as determinant factor. Aims and objectives: To investigate if mothers impose limitations on physical activities of their asthmatic children, try to identify associated factors and as certain if this attitude affects activities level. Methods: In this cross sectional study were included 115 asthmatic children and adolescents and their mothers. For the children, were evaluated asthma severity, PA level and exercise induced bronchospasm (EIB). The mothers were investigated on their beliefs about PA in non-asthmatic and asthmatic children, if they imposed restrictions to their children PA, perception of exercise induced asthma and with an anxiety and depression questionnaire. Results: Almost all the mothers reported that PA are important for children and adolescents. Despite this, 37% (43/115) of them admitted that they imposed restrictions to their children PA. This attitude was associated with asthma severity and to maternal factors such as dyspnea perception after treadmill running, negative opinions about PA in asthmatics and anxiety. Despite this, their children were not less active than those from non restrictive mothers (OR=0.89; IC 95%=0.41-1.95). Conclusions: A considerable proportion of mothers report to impose limitations on their children PA. Parental and caregiver beliefs and fears should be discussed about in order to avoid conflicts and negative attitudes that could discourage their children taking part in physical activities and sports.
Standard-dose and high-dose peptichemio and cisplatin in children with disseminated poor-risk neuroblastoma: two studies by the Italian Cooperative Group for Neuroblastoma.
Authors: B De Bernardi, M Carli, F Casale, P Corciulo, L Cordero di Montezemolo, C De Laurentis, S Bagnulo, M Brisigotti, N Marchese, A Garaventa
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE The objective of the present study was to determine whether an increase in the intensity of therapy improves outcome for children with disseminated poor-risk neuroblastoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS From January 1982 through November 1989, 181 children 1 year or older with newly diagnosed disseminated neuroblastoma were entered onto two consecutive studies of the Italian Cooperative Group for Neuroblastoma (ICGNB): 75 (study NB82) were enrolled from 1982 to 1984 and were treated with standard-dose (SD) chemotherapy, and 106 (study NB85) were enrolled from 1985 to 1989 and received high-dose (HD) chemotherapy. In both treatment protocols, induction therapy included peptichemio and cisplatin (at SD or HD, respectively) and removal of the primary tumor. In study NB82, children who achieved complete or partial tumor regression received SD consolidation therapy, and in study NB85 they received three cycles of HD chemotherapy (3cCT) or one cycle of myeloablative therapy (MAT) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT). RESULTS Compared with group NB82, the NB85 group had significantly fewer failures (no tumor response or disease progression) after administration of peptichemio (9% v 31%; P &lt; .01), had more complete responses (CRs) and partial responses (PRs) both after treatment with cisplatin (60% v 43%; P = .01) and after surgery (76% v 57%; P &lt; .01), and was more likely to have achieved complete excision of the primary tumor (70% v 46%; P &lt; .01). Overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) at 5 years were 11% and 9% in NB82, and 27% and 18% in NB85 (P &lt; .01 for both); however, in NB85, relapses occurred even after 5 years of CR, so that PFS curves converge approximately 7 years after diagnosis. Median survival time was 14 months in NB82 and 24 months in NB85. Children in the NB85 group who after achievement of CR were consolidated with 3cCT had a 5-year PFS of 24% compared with 32% of those treated with MAT followed by ABMT (P = .5). CONCLUSION Intensified therapy improves response rate and prolongs survival of children with disseminated neuroblastoma, although its impact on the eventual cure rate remains to be established.
Effective biomodulation by leucovorin of high-dose infusion fluorouracil given as a weekly 24-hour infusion: results of a randomized trial in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.
Authors: C H Köhne, P Schöffski, H Wilke, C Käufer, R Andreesen, U Ohl, U Klaasen, M Westerhausen, W Hiddemann, G Schott, A Harstick, J Bade, A Horster, U Schubert, H Hecker, B Dörken, H J Schmoll
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To determine whether high-dose infusional fluorouracil (FU) is effectively modulated by leucovorin (LV), interferon (IFN) alpha-2b, or both when given to patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients (n = 236) with progressive, measurable disease were randomized to three groups and received FU 2,600 mg/m2 as a 24-hour continuous infusion (CI) weekly for 6 weeks with 2 weeks rest (FU24h) and LV 500 mg/m2 as a 2-hour infusion before FU or IFN 3 x 10(6) U subcutaneously 3 times weekly or both. Treatment continued until progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity was observed. Pairs of treatment arms were analyzed sequentially to detect equivalence or a 25% difference in response rates. RESULTS The rate of objective remission in patients who received FU24h/LV (44%; 40 of 91) was significantly higher than in patients who received FU24h/IFN (18%; 16 of 90; P &lt; .05). The response rates of patients who received FU24h/LV versus FU24h/LV/IFN (27%; 13 of 49) were statistically equivalent. Significant differences were observed for time to tumor progression (TTP) (FU24h/LV, 7.1 months; FU24h/IFN, 3.9 months; FU24h/LV/IFN, 6.3 months; global P value &lt; .009) and survival (16.6 months, 12.7 months, 19.6 months, respectively; global P value &lt; .04). Unpredictable and life-threatening toxicity in the FU24h/LV/IFN arm required dose reduction of FU to 2,000 mg/m2/day and early stoppage of this arm. Toxicity was manageable in patients who received both FU24h/LV (grade 3 to 4 diarrhea, 21%) and FU24h/IFN (grade 3 to 4 diarrhea, 15%). CONCLUSION Response rate, TTP, and overall survival were superior for LV-containing regimens compared with IFN modulation alone. The addition of IFN to high-dose infusional FU plus LV offers no advantage and may increase toxicity. The regimen of high-dose infusional FU24h/LV warrants further evaluation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Hormone-Dependent Mammary Tumors in Strain GR/A Mice. IV. Origin and Progression 2
Authors: Bruce D. Aidells, C. W. Daniel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Two types of hormone-dependent mammary tumors that occur in strain GR/A mice, i.e., those that appear during pregnancy [pregnancy-dependent mammary tumors (PrDT)] and those induced by treatment with progesterone (P) and estrogen (E) [P + E-dependent mammary tumors (P + E-DT)], were compared in terms of serial transplantation, response to pregnancy, and histology. Both types originated as ductal hyperplasias. When the P + E-induced ductal hyperplasias were transplanted into the parenchyma-free mammary fat pad, they displayed behavior similar to that of pregnancy-induced tumors. P + E-induced ductal hyperplasias gave rise to ductal outgrowths in the virgin host and to PrDT in the pregnant host; this evidence indicated that the ductal hyperplasias are preneoplastic lesions in strain GR mice. In a separate study, attempts to induce progression of tumor occurrence toward pregnancy independence were made because no spontaneous progression had occurred after 8-9 serial transplant generations in PrDT lines. In contrast to nontransplanted PrDT, which usually require 3-5 forced breedings of mice to induce pregnancy independence, 6-8 matings were needed to induce progression to pregnancy independence in the transplanted lines. Results suggested that serial transplantation in the cleared fat pad may select for less neoplastic variants.
Basal cell carcinoma and pilomatrixoma mirror human follicular embryogenesis as reflected by their differential expression patterns of SOX9 and β-catenin
Authors: D. Krahl, K. Sellheyer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background The current classification schemes of adnexal tumours are predominantly based on morphological and immunophenotypical similarities to adult skin structures, whereas a link between the embryology of the skin and the histogenesis of adnexal tumours has been largely neglected. Objective To describe the expression patterns of two proteins with proven relevance for hair follicle homeostasis (SOX9 and β‐catenin) during human cutaneous embryogenesis and to compare the findings with their expression in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and pilomatrixoma. Methods Immunohistochemical evaluation with monoclonal antibodies against SOX9 and β‐catenin was carried out in embryonic and adult human scalp skin, and BCC and pilomatrixoma samples. Results We found that the expression patterns of SOX9 and β‐catenin during human hair follicle embryogenesis mirror the patterns in BCC and pilomatrixoma in spatial distribution within the various follicular subcompartments. Beginning with the hair peg stage, nucleocytoplasmic immunoreactivity of β‐catenin is exclusively confined to the emerging matrix (comparable to pilomatrixoma), whereas SOX9 is restricted to the primordial outer root sheath (comparable to BCC). Conclusions An appropriate immunophenotyping validated within the conceptual framework of cutaneous developmental biology allows a logical classification of adnexal neoplasms. Expanding this approach further has the potential to revise the current classification schemes so that not only BCC and pilomatrixoma but all adnexal tumours can be categorized logically.
Results were clinically trivial
Authors: C G Greenough
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--T W Meade and colleagues have provided further data from their study comparing chiropractic with hospital physiotherapy.1 Unfortunately, their report is far from convincing. The “headline” advantage of chiropractic over hospital management at three years (29%) sounds impressive but refers to an improvement of three points on the 100 point Oswestry scale, or one and a half responses on the questionnaire. …
Histone deacetylase 6 inhibition enhances oncolytic viral replication in glioma
Authors: Hiroshi Nakashima, Johanna K. Kaufmann, Pin-Yi Wang, Tran Nguyen, Maria-Carmela Speranza, Kazue Kasai, Kazuo Okemoto, Akihiro Otsuki, Ichiro Nakano, Soledad Fernandez, William F. Goins, Paola Grandi, Joseph C. Glorioso, Sean Lawler, Timothy P. Cripe, E. Antonio Chiocca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2015)

Oncolytic viral (OV) therapy, which uses genetically engineered tumor-targeting viruses, is being increasingly used in cancer clinical trials due to the direct cytolytic effects of this treatment that appear to provoke a robust immune response against the tumor. As OVs enter tumor cells, intrinsic host defenses have the potential to hinder viral replication and spread within the tumor mass. In this report, we show that histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) in tumor cells appears to alter the trafficking of post-entry OVs from the nucleus toward lysosomes. In glioma cell lines and glioma-stem–like cells, HDAC6 inhibition (HDAC6i) by either pharmacologic or genetic means substantially increased replication of oncolytic herpes simplex virus type 1 (oHSV). Moreover, HDAC6i increased shuttling of post-entry oHSV to the nucleus. In addition, electron microscopic analysis revealed that post-entry oHSVs are preferentially taken up into glioma cells through the endosomal pathway rather than via fusion at the cell surface. Together, these findings illustrate a mechanism of glioma cell defense against an incoming infection by oHSV and identify possible approaches to enhance oHSV replication and subsequent lysis of tumor cells.
Asynchronous movement of the lower rib cage at two exercise intensities in patients with COPD
Authors: Danielle Vieira, Mariana Hoffman, Danielle Pereira, Lorena Vaz, Marcelo Velloso, Raquel Britto, Carolina Marinho, Andre Albuquerque, Veronica Parreira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: The occurrence and importance of asynchronous movement of the lower rib cage at exercise intensities frequently used in pulmonary rehabilitation are not clear and have been poorly investigated in COPD patients. Aims: To evaluate lower rib cage asynchrony and chest wall operational volumes during exercise on a cycle ergometer at 60% and 80% of peak work rate in patients with COPD. Methods: Seven male patients (63±5 ys old, FEV1 45±15% of predicted) underwent a symptom-limited incremental test on a cycle ergometer followed by the two constant rate tests in a random order. Tests were performed on different occasions two to fifteen days apart. A gas analyzer(Medical Graphics CPX Ultima) and an optoelectronic plethysmography system(BTS Bioengineering) were continuously used. Phase angle, inspiratory (PhRIB) and expiratory (PhREB) phase ratio were the variables used to assess asynchrony. Data was analyzed at rest and at 33%, 66% and 100% of the total exercise time. Mixed factorial ANOVA, Friedman and Wilcoxon were used (p  Support: CNPq, CAPES, FAPEMIG.
Abstract 15734: Higher Adherence to a Western Type of Diet is Associated With Severe Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Eleni Kokkou, Dimitris Tousoulis, Gerasimos Siasos, Panagiotis Tourikis, Ekavi Georgousopoulou, Evangelos Oikonomou, Vasiliki Gennimata, Savvas Mazaris, Theodora Psaltopoulou, Theodosia Konsola, Nikolaos Papageorgiou, Georgios Hatzis, Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  The association of dietary pattern with cardiovascular disease is well established.   Hypothesis:  We examined the association between different dietary patterns and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD).   Methods:  The study population consisted of 188 consecutive symptomatic CAD patients recruited from the outpatient clinic of our Hospital. All patients underwent coronary angiography and they were categorized in subjects with one, two or three vessel disease (1VD, 2VD, 3VD respectively) and in subjects with LM disease. Patients with LM disease (stenosis≥50%), 3VD, or 2VD marked by stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending artery ≥70% were characterized as having angiographically severe CAD. Among several other demographics and clinical characteristics all subjects were tested with a validated semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate (principal components analysis) analyses were used in order to evaluate the relationship between dietary habits and the severity of CAD, adjusting for potential confounders.   Results:  There was no statistically significant difference in the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, family history of CAD and smoking habits between patients with severe and non-severe CAD. Body mass index did not differ between patients with severe and non-severe CAD (p=0.11). After adjusting for all traditional risk factors, an increase in red meat consumption lead to a 47% increase in the probability of having severe CAD (p   Conclusion:  Dietary patterns affect the progression and severity of CAD. Western type diet is associated with the extent of CAD independently from traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Further studies are needed to elucidate the impact of different dietary patterns on cardiovascular health.