tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient-Centered Communication, Ratings of Care, and Concordance of Patient and Physician Race
Authors: Lisa A. Cooper, Debra L. Roter, Rachel L. Johnson, Daniel E. Ford, Donald M. Steinwachs, Neil R. Powe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

African-American patients who visit physicians of the same race rate their medical visits as more satisfying and participatory than do those who see physicians of other races. Little research has investigated the communication process in race-concordant and race-discordant medical visits.To compare patient-physician communication in race-concordant and race-discordant visits and examine whether communication behaviors explain differences in patient ratings of satisfaction and participatory decision making.Cohort study with follow-up using previsit and postvisit surveys and audiotape analysis.16 urban primary care practices.252 adults (142 African-American patients and 110 white patients) receiving care from 31 physicians (of whom 18 were African-American and 13 were white).Audiotape measures of patient-centeredness, patient ratings of physicians' participatory decision-making styles, and overall satisfaction.Race-concordant visits were longer (2.15 minutes [95% CI, 0.60 to 3.71]) and had higher ratings of patient positive affect (0.55 point, [95% CI, 0.04 to 1.05]) compared with race-discordant visits. Patients in race-concordant visits were more satisfied and rated their physicians as more participatory (8.42 points [95% CI, 3.23 to 13.60]). Audiotape measures of patient-centered communication behaviors did not explain differences in participatory decision making or satisfaction between race-concordant and race-discordant visits.Race-concordant visits are longer and characterized by more patient positive affect. Previous studies link similar communication findings to continuity of care. The association between race concordance and higher patient ratings of care is independent of patient-centered communication, suggesting that other factors, such as patient and physician attitudes, may mediate the relationship. Until more evidence is available regarding the mechanisms of this relationship and the effectiveness of intercultural communication skills programs, increasing ethnic diversity among physicians may be the most direct strategy to improve health care experiences for members of ethnic minority groups.
THE PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF THE RESULTS OF VITAMIN STUDIES
Authors: L. EMMETT HOLT
Journal: JAMA (1922)

Our knowledge of vitamins has given a new basis for the evaluation of foods. Certain articles which, from the point of view of their energy value, are almost worthless have been shown to possess great nutritive value. Their importance is not suggested by their chemical analysis. They furnish something very essential in a human diet.  The tomato, cabbage, spinach, lettuce, chard and all the green or leafy vegetables are composed chiefly of cellulose, water and inorganic salts. Fruits have sugar, vegetable acids, water and salts, but none of these things suggest their essential value as foodstuffs.  Many of our foods we no longer eat in their natural state. The conditions of modern life have made necessary the transportation of foods for long distances and the preservation and storage of food in immense quantities for long periods. A certain amount of injury is done to our vegetables, fruits, milk, meats and
Estimated 6-year event-free survival of 55% in 60 consecutive adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients treated with an intensive phase II protocol based on high induction dose of daunorubicin
Authors: G Todeschini, C Tecchio, V Meneghini, G Pizzolo, D Veneri, R Zanotti, MM Ricetti, P Solero, F Aprili, G Perona
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
Effect of the V1a/V2-AVP receptor antagonist, Conivaptan, on renal water metabolism and systemic hemodynamics in rats with cirrhosis and ascites
Authors: Guillermo Fernández-Varo, Josefa Ros, Pilar Cejudo-Martı́n, Carmen Cano, Vicente Arroyo, Francisca Rivera, Juan Rodés, Wladimiro Jiménez
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Organophosphate Insecticides Target the Serotonergic System in Developing Rat Brain Regions: Disparate Effects of Diazinon and Parathion at Doses Spanning the Threshold for Cholinesterase Inhibition
Authors: Theodore A. Slotkin, Charlotte A. Tate, Ian T. Ryde, Edward D. Levin, Frederic J. Seidler
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2006)

In the developing brain, serotonin (5HT) systems are among the most sensitive to disruption by organophosphates.
DEA Physician Registration Numbers: A Need to Know
Authors: James R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Having lost my luggage while traveling recently, I attempted to obtain two antibiotic tablets by prescription from a San Francisco, Calif, pharmacy. While I provided my state medical license identification card and driver's license with photograph identification, the pharmacist insisted that I also tell him my Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) registration number as a condition for dispensing the two tablets. Even more astonishing, the pharmacist later acknowledged confirming my name and local address from his computer database. Furthermore, the pharmacist volunteered that he had access through his database to the names, addresses, and DEA numbers of all US registered physicians, as did every pharmacy in this large national chain. The Controlled Substances Act of 1970 established a closed system of distribution of controlled psychoactive substances primarily to prevent their diversion for illicit use. The cornerstone of the legislation is the requirement for the registration of all manufacturers,
The Climate of Egypt.
Authors: J. M. Keichline
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Cairo, Egypt, March 7, 1906. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —One is much amused at hearing tourists', and especially invalids' criticisms of this climate. Of course, if one comes here with the idea that the sun shines continually, that the air is always dry and warm—neither too warm nor too cool—and that he or she can wear summer clothing during the day and evening, the idea will soon be dissipated. There are cold days on which the temperature drops to 30° at times, and there are cloudy days with sometimes rain. On the whole, however, one can not growl at this climate. I find the main trouble to be that when the air is cold the indoor life is almost intolerable because there are no heating facilities. In America the houses are always very warm. Small petroleum stoves are really sufficient to make the rooms here quite cosy on the coldest days.
Systemic anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma: Results from the non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma classification project
Authors: Dennis D. Weisenburger, James R. Anderson, Jacques Diebold, Randy D. Gascoyne, Kenneth A. MacLennan, H. Konrad Müller‐Hermelink, Bharat N. Nathwani, Fred Ullrich
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Abstract Anaplastic large‐cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a heterogeneous process that may have a T‐cell, B‐cell, or indeterminant (null) phenotype and which may or may not express the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) oncoprotein. Because the clinical significance of these variants of ALCL is unclear, we evaluated the cases of ALCL‐T/null and ALCL‐B identified in the Non‐Hodgkin's Lymphoma Classification Project. We evaluated 1,378 cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and a consensus diagnosis of ALCL‐T/null was made in 33 patients (2.4%) with a diagnostic accuracy of 85%. Compared to 96 patients with other forms of peripheral T‐cell lymphoma (PTCL), those with ALCL‐T/null were significantly younger, less likely to have advanced‐stage disease or bone marrow involvement, more likely to have a low International Prognostic Index score, and had a significantly better survival. Among those with ALCL‐T/null, there were no significant differences in the clinical features or survival on the basis of ALK expression. A consensus diagnosis of ALCL‐B was made in 15 patients (1.1%), and the diagnostic accuracy was 67%. However, compared to 366 patients with other forms of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL), those with ALCL‐B were no different with regard to clinical features or survival. We conclude that patients with ALCL‐T/null have favorable prognostic features and excellent survival and should be separated from those with other forms of PTCL for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. In contrast, patients with ALCL‐B appear to be similar to those with other forms of DLBCL. Am. J. Hematol. 67:172–178, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytomegalic Inclusion Disease Following Multiple Blood Transfusions
Authors: Donald Henson
Journal: JAMA (1967)

IN ADULTS generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease, disseminated cytomegalovirus infection, is rare, and when it occurs, is often associated with malignant disorders of the hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems, immunosuppressive therapy, or debilitating diseases.<sup>1-3</sup>Clinically, generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease has not been completely defined in adults. Morphologically, it is manifested by the appearance within the lungs, liver, and other viscera of greatly enlarged cells containing intranuclear and less frequently cytoplasmic inclusions. The following is a case of generalized cytomegalic inclusion disease in a debilitated adult who died after receiving multiple blood transfusions for trauma. Diagnosis was made microscopically by recognition of characteristic nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions in tissues obtained by autopsy. The case is presented to emphasize the fact that in adults with morphologic evidence of cytomegalic inclusion disease, there is frequently a history of having received multiple blood transfusions.<sup>3-5</sup> <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 44-year-old Negro man was admitted
Nothing Is Sacred
Authors: Jack Coulehan
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Ad Libitum17 November 2009Nothing Is SacredJack Coulehan, MDJack Coulehan, MDFrom Setauket, NY 11733.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-151-10-200911170-00004 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail From nothing but the brain come joys and delights,laughter and sports, griefs and despondencies.—Hippocrates, On the Sacred DiseaseThe inner voice that Socrates saidhe heard, and his prosecutorsinsisted was blasphemous,could have been tracked, as it ranacross his brain, had he had a scan.Ezekiel could have safely ignoredhis vision of the heavenly throne,avoided the burden of prophecy,and prevented it from recurring,had he had access to dopamine.The spirit journey of a shaman.The stigmatists' recurrent wounds.Bernadette's virginal apparition.Every one an identifiable,but subtle, neural lesion.our shoulders to the wheel of truth... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From Setauket, NY 11733.Current Author Address: Jack Coulehan, MD, 4 Townsend; Court, Setauket, NY 11733. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 November 2009Volume 151, Issue 10Page: 686KeywordsBrainDopamineLesionsNeuronsShouldersSportsVision ePublished: 17 November 2009 Issue Published: 17 November 2009 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2009 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Acute Hepatitis E Virus Infection
Authors: Sharda Patra, Ashish Kumar, Shubha Sagar Trivedi, Manju Puri, Shiv Kumar Sarin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is known to cause severe liver disease in pregnant women. It is unclear whether obstetric and fetal outcomes are worse in pregnant women with HEV infection than in women with other forms of viral hepatitis.To compare maternal, obstetric, and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with acute viral hepatitis caused by HEV and other hepatitis viruses.Observational cohort.Tertiary care hospital, New Delhi, India.220 consecutive pregnant women presenting with jaundice caused by acute viral hepatitis.Maternal mortality and medical complications, obstetric complications, deliveries, and fetal outcomes.Infection with HEV caused acute viral hepatitis in 60% of included women. Fulminant hepatic failure was more common (relative risk, 2.7 [95% CI, 1.7 to 4.2]; P = 0.001) and maternal mortality was greater (relative risk, 6.0 [CI, 2.7 to 13.3]; P < 0.001) in HEV-infected women than in non-HEV-infected women. Women with HEV infection were more likely than those with other forms of viral hepatitis to have obstetric complications (relative risk, 4.1 [CI, 1.7 to 10.2] for antepartum hemorrhage and 1.9 [CI, 1.3 to 2.7] for intrauterine fetal death; P < 0.001 for both) and poor fetal outcomes (relative risk, 1.2 [CI, 1.0 to 1.4] for preterm delivery [P = 0.005] and 1.8 [CI, 1.2 to 2.5] for stillbirth [P = 0.026]).The findings may not apply to community settings, to women who are asymptomatic or have only minor symptoms, or in the setting of an HEV epidemic.Pregnant women with jaundice and acute viral hepatitis caused by HEV infection had a higher maternal mortality rate and worse obstetric and fetal outcomes than did pregnant women with jaundice and acute viral hepatitis caused by other types of viral hepatitis.
An Experimental Approach to Dreams and Telepathy: II. Report of Three Studies
Authors: MONTAGUE ULLMAN, STANLEY KRIPPNER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Three studies were designed to investigate telepathic effects in REM sleep. On each night a target (art print) was randomly selected by an agent who spent the night in a distant room attempting to telepathically influence the subject's dreams, which were monitored by EEG techniques and tape recorded. Typed transcripts were sent to outside judges fbr blind comparisons with the targets. For each study, the ratings given the actual target-transcript combinations were significantly higher than those given the incorrect target-transcript combinations.
Improvement of postprandial hyperglycemia and arterial stiffness upon switching from premixed human insulin 30/70 to biphasic insulin aspart 30/70
Authors: Masahiro Ohira, Kei Endo, Tomokazu Oyama, Takashi Yamaguchi, Noriko Ban, Hidetoshi Kawana, Daiji Nagayama, Ayako Nagumo, Atsuhito Saiki, Takeyoshi Murano, Hitoshi Watanabe, Yoh Miyashita, Kohji Shirai
Journal: Metabolism (2010)
Doctors are ethically obliged to advise patients to quit smoking
Authors: J. L Y Liu, J.-L. Tang
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Butler et al studied smokers and their perceptions of doctors' advice on quitting smoking1; their study concluded with a discouraging message for doctors who provide such advice. Doctors should consider other evidence when deciding whether to give advice to smokers on quitting. Contrary to Butler et al's findings, quantitative surveys have shown that most smokers want to be given advice about quitting.2 Even if the opinions of the smokers in …
Paediatric resuscitation. Don't use 50% dextrose.
Authors: A P Winrow, B Adler, R P Rivers
Journal: BMJ (1993)

be made to the incidence of rheumatic fever or suppurative complications.'We sugest that much better evidence of benefit is required before the cost of antibiotics prescribed for suspected strepto- coccal sore throat is increased up to twofold (the British National Formulary (March 1993) gives the cost of non-proprietary amoxycillin 250 mg as 3 7p and of phenoxymethylpenicillin 250 mg as 1-7p).
Relapses of sarcoidosis: what are they and can we predict who will get them?
Authors: R. P. Baughman, M. A. Judson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Can one predict who will relapse from sarcoidosis?http://ow.ly/qYAP2Granulomatous inflammation in the lung may occur from a variety of causes.Many of these are the result of specific antigens that reach the lung and induce a granulomatous response.A prototype of this schema is pulmonary tuberculosis where the organism serves as the inciting antigen.Treatment of tuberculosis is aimed at killing and clearing the organism.It would be foolhardy and potentially lethal to solely treat the granulomatous inflammation of tuberculosis with immunosuppressive anti-granulomatous medications.
Another New Pneumonia
Authors: Morton N. Swartz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1979)

According to mythology Pandora was created by Vulcan at Jupiter's command to punish mankind for Prometheus' theft of fire from the gods. Although the gods had admonished her never to open a box she had been given, Pandora could not contain her curiosity, and she momentarily raised the lid. In that brief instant all the world's sins, vices and diseases are said to have escaped. Over the centuries man has become aware of the many pathogenic microorganisms that must have been released in that initial effluvium. Once the lid was closed nothing was believed to have remained except Hope, the . . .
Abstract 4994: E2F1 deficiency causes increased migration through upregulation of MYLK
Authors: Peng Meng, Rita Ghosh
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Malignant melanoma is an extremely aggressive disease with high metastatic potential. Several studies have shown that the transcription factor E2F1 is overexpressed in melanoma. E2F1 belongs to the family of E2F transcription factors; is more abundant in melanoma cells than in normal melanocytes, which highlights its relevance to melanoma biology. E2F1 participates in a variety of biological processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, development, differentiation, DNA damage and repair, oxidative metabolism, and self-renewal by virtue of its transcriptional activator functions. However, its role in many of these biological processes in melanoma is not yet fully addressed. In this study, we show that E2F1 deficiency increased migration and invasion of melanoma cells, which was associated with increased MYLK at both RNA and protein level. MYLK is a calcium-calmodulin (Ca2+//CaM)-dependent myosin light chain kinase, which phosphorylates Ser-19 of myosin II after activation. This process is implicated in the regulation of smooth muscle contraction. In non-smooth muscle, MYLK is known to be involved in many inflammatory diseases through regulation of tight junction and intestinal epithelial barrier function. MYLK is also involved with proliferation and migration in cancers of the breast, prostate and colon, but its expression and role in melanoma cells is unknown. ML-7, the specific inhibitor for MYLK abrogated the increased migration and invasion due to E2F1 deficiency. Transient knockdown of MYLK also significantly abrogated the increased migration and invasion from E2F1 deficiency. Our results strongly suggest that E2F1 deficiency enhanced migration and invasion through regulating MYLK expression. We also found increased pERK in E2F1 knockdown cells, which suggest that ERK activation may be involved in the up-regulation of MYLK. All of our data taken together suggests that E2F1-mediated inhibition of melanoma cell migration occurs through a complex cross-talk between E2F1-ERK-MYLK and is not through a simple linear relationship between signaling molecules. Supported by R21 CA125719 (RG). Citation Format: Peng Meng, Rita Ghosh. E2F1 deficiency causes increased migration through upregulation of MYLK. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4994. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4994
Does amblyopia affect educational, health, and social outcomes? Findings from 1958 British birth cohort
Authors: J S Rahi, P M Cumberland, C S Peckham
Journal: BMJ (2006)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To determine any association of amblyopia with diverse educational, health, and social outcomes in order to inform current debate about population screening for this condition. <b>Design, setting, and participants</b> Comparison of 8432 people with normal vision in each eye with 429 (4.8%) people with amblyopia (childhood unilateral reduced acuity when tested with correction and unaccounted for by eye disease) from the 1958 British birth cohort, with respect to subsequent health and social functioning. <b>Results</b> No functionally or clinically significant differences existed between people with and without amblyopia in educational outcomes, behavioural difficulties or social maladjustment, participation in social activities, unintended injuries (school, workplace, or road traffic accidents as driver), general or mental health and mortality, paid employment, or occupation based social class trajectories. <b>Conclusions</b> It may be difficult to distinguish, at population level, between the lives of people with amblyopia and those without, in terms of several important outcomes. A pressing need exists for further concerted research on what it means to have amblyopia and, specifically, how this varies with severity and how it changes with treatment, so that screening programmes can best serve those who have the most to gain from early identification.
Endosonography in the Clinical Staging of Klatskin Tumor
Authors: T. L. Tio, J. W. A. Reeders, L. H. Sie, O. B. Wijers, J. J. Maas, E. M. Colin, G. N. J. Tytgat
Journal: Endoscopy (1993)

Endosonography was performed preoperatively in 46 patients with carcinoma of the common hepatic duct and its bifurcation. The results of endosonography were correlated with findings during surgery and pathological examination of the resected specimen and classified according to the new (1987) TNM classification. Overall accuracy in assessing the depth of tumor infiltration was 86.0%. Endosonography was accurate in predicting the presence of lymph nodes but not accurate in defining non-metastatic changes of lymph nodes. Staging of distant metastases was not accurate due to the low penetration depth of ultrasound.
Managing diabetes after myocardial infarction
Authors: M. Nattrass
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) produced clear evidence that intensive management of insulin dependent diabetes helped delay the onset or progression of microangiopathic complications of diabetes.1 This major randomised control trial confirmed and extended observations from smaller studies of the relation between diabetic control and the development of small vessel disease and neuropathy. However, no previous studies have argued convincingly for a relation between diabetic control and macrovascular disease, which remains the major cause of mortality in diabetic patients and makes a substantial contribution to morbidity. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial came closest to this conclusion when reporting a highly suggestive, but non-significant (P=0.082), reduction in macrovascular events in the intensive treatment group.2

In patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes the situation is less clear, with evidence still awaited for a relation between diabetic control and microvascular complications. Furthermore, since these patients are hyperinsulinaemic, researchers …
Diagnosis of Empty Sella Syndrome-Reply
Authors: David Wesolowski
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> We appreciate Dr Jahnke's comments reiterating some important points that we made in our article, namely, that metrizamide CT cisternography is an excellent imaging modality for diagnosing the empty sella syndrome, using a relatively low dose of metrizamide. However, high-quality CT cisternograms are not always obtainable owing to a variety of factors, including technical problems with the scanner, artifacts, and positioning difficulties. Our experience and that of others at large centers have shown that polytomography immediately following the intrathecal instillation of metrizamide is a complementary adjunct to CT cisternography and, occasionally, may be the only imaging modality available to the neuroradiologist once the subarachnoid space has been invaded. Techniques employing higher concentrations of metrizamide or special positioning of the patient during instillation of metrizamide via lumbar puncture have been described, yielding excellent images with polytomography.<sup>1,2</sup>Structural changes in the spinal canal, such as osteophytes, canal stenosis, and