tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A TRIAL OF TRIMEPRAZINE IN ITCHING DERMATOSES.
Authors: T. E. ANDERSON, D. CHALMERS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1959)

Journal Article A TRIAL OF TRIMEPRAZINE IN ITCHING DERMATOSES. Get access T. E. ANDERSON, M.D., M.R.C.P.(Ed.), T. E. ANDERSON, M.D., M.R.C.P.(Ed.) Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and Royal Aberdeen Hospital for Sick Children Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. CHALMERS, M.B., Ch.B. D. CHALMERS, M.B., Ch.B. Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and Royal Aberdeen Hospital for Sick Children Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 71, Issue 6, 1 June 1959, Pages 214–218, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1959.tb13410.x Published: 01 June 1959
JUMP-C: A randomized trial of mericitabine plus pegylated interferon alpha-2a/ribavirin for 24 weeks in treatment-naïve HCV genotype 1/4 patients
Authors: Paul J. Pockros, Donald Jensen, Naoky Tsai, Ryan Taylor, Alnoor Ramji, Curtis Cooper, Rolland Dickson, Alan Tice, Rohit Kulkarni, John M. Vierling, Marie Lou Munson, Ya-Chi Chen, Isabel Najera, James Thommes
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Mericitabine is a selective nucleoside analog inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, with activity across all HCV genotypes. Treatment-naïve patients infected with HCV genotype 1 or 4 were randomized to 24 weeks of double-blind treatment with either mericitabine 1,000 mg (N = 81) or placebo (N = 85) twice-daily (BID) in combination with pegylated interferon alpha-2a (Peg-IFNα-2a)/ribavirin (RBV). Patients randomized to mericitabine with HCV RNA <15 IU/mL from week 4 to 22 (extended rapid virologic response; eRVR) stopped all treatment at week 24; all other patients continued Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV to complete 48 weeks of treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was sustained virologic response (SVR; HCV RNA <15 IU/mL after 24 weeks of treatment-free follow-up). SVR was achieved in 56.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 45.9-67.0) of mericitabine-treated patients and 36.5% (95% CI: 27.0-47.1) of placebo-treated patients (Δ = 20.3%; 95% CI 5.5-35.2). SVR rates were higher in mericitabine- than placebo-treated patients when subdivided by IL28B genotype (CC, 77.8% versus 56.0%; non-CC, 44.1% versus 16.2%) and hepatic fibrosis (noncirrhotic, 63.3% versus 41.9%; cirrhotic, 38.1% versus 21.7%). Overall relapse rates were 27.7% and 32.0% in mericitabine- and placebo-treated patients, respectively. No evidence of NS5B S282T-variant virus or phenotypic resistance to mericitabine was observed in the one patient who experienced partial response. No S282T variants were detected in any baseline samples. The safety profile of mericitabine was similar to that of, and fewer patients in the mericitabine than in the placebo group discontinued treatment for safety reasons.A 24-week response-guided combination regimen of mericitabine 1,000 mg BID plus Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV is well tolerated and more effective than a standard 48-week course of Peg-IFNα-2a/RBV.
Inhibition of lung immunity after intratracheal instillation of benzo(a)pyrene.
Authors: L Y Kong, M I Luster, D Dixon, J O'Grady, G J Rosenthal
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) has been shown to suppress systemic immunity in experimental animals, which may contribute to the growth of the chemical-induced tumors. However, its effects on lung immunity after inhalation, a common route for human exposure in urban areas, has not been determined. These studies examine intratracheal B(a)P instillation on lung natural killer (NK) cell activity, alveolar macrophage (AM) functions, and susceptibility to tumor cell challenge in Fischer 344 (F-344) rats. Adult female F-344 rats were given a single intratracheal instillation of 0, 10, 20, or 40 mg B(a)P/kg body weight as a suspension, and lung NK cell activity and AM functions were examined 7, 21, or 100 d later. Although exposure to B(a)P did not alter cell recovery after lavage, histologic changes were observed as evidenced by granulomatous inflammation and squamous metaplasia. There was a slight but significant suppression of H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) release from alveolar macrophages of treated animals as well as NK cell activity from the lung digest. A marked suppression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin (IL-1) secretion in LPS- and/or cytokine-activated alveolar macrophages occurred. The suppressive effects were generally more severe on Day 7 after exposure than on Days 21 or 100, although IL-1 remained depressed through Day 100 after exposure. B(a)P exposure allowed for the increased growth of MADB106 metastatic tumor cells in the lung. These tumor cells were shown to be highly sensitive to lysis by immune-mediators, including TNF alpha.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cellular heterogeneity in binding and uptake of low-density lipoprotein in primary rat hepatocytes
Authors: James P. Corsetti, Janet D. Sparks, Barbara Sikora, Charles E. Sparks
Journal: Hepatology (1993)

Hepatocellular heterogeneity of biochemical function is well established for many aspects of liver metabolism. This study addresses the question of cellular heterogeneity in the catabolism of low-density lipoprotein by rat hepatocytes. Low-density lipo-protein binding (4° C) and uptake (37° C) by rat hepatocytes were studied by use of human low-density lipoprotein labeled with a highly fluorescent lipophilic probe, N, N-dipentadecylaminostyrylpyridinium iodide, recently developed by us. Single-cell suspensions derived from rat hepatocytes in primary culture and from liver perfusion were studied with flow cytometry with and an approximation algorithm for data analysis. These studies show subpopulations of cells negative and positive for the specific binding and uptake of low-density lipoprotein. Dissociation constants for low-density lipoprotein binding and uptake were determined for the total population (18 μg/ml, binding; 12 μg/ml, uptake) and found to be in good agreement with previously reported values. Additionally, the dissociation constant for binding for the positive subpopulation was determined and found to be 3 μg/ml. This lower value is more typical of the values seen in other cell types. These findings are strongly suggestive of functional heterogeneity in the hepatic catabolism of low-density lipoprotein. (Hepatology 1993;17:645-650.)
Induction of labour.
Authors: M Sutton, P Steer
Journal: BMJ (1979)

diseases.Also, in the light of past investigations, I agree that all patients on psychotropic drugs should be warned that their driving might be adversely affected by their drugs and that this effect can be aggravated by alcohol.If all medical practitioners give this warning and all patients heed it, we are going to find it even more difficult to carry out the randomised control trial that is so badly needed.
Telaprevir combination therapy induced a sustained virologic response in nonresponsive chronic HCV infection
Authors: Juerg Reichen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club17 August 2010Telaprevir combination therapy induced a sustained virologic response in nonresponsive chronic HCV infectionJuerg Reichen, MDJuerg Reichen, MDUniversity Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Berne, Switzerland (J.R.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-153-4-201008170-02007 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationMcHutchison JG, Manns MP, Muir AJ, et al. Telaprevir for previously treated chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2010;362:1292-303. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20375406Clinical Impact RatingsGastroenterology: Infectious Disease: References1 Kuntzen T, Timm J, Berical A, et al. Naturally occurring dominant resistance mutations to hepatitis C virus protease and polymerase inhibitors in treatment-naïve patients. Hepatology. 2008;48:1769-78. [PMID: 19026009] Google Scholar2 Hézode C, Forestier N, Dusheiko G, et al. Telaprevir and peginterferon with or without ribavirin for chronic HCV infection. N Engl J Med. 2009;360:1839-50. [PMID: 19403903] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Berne, Switzerland (J.R.)This article was published at Annals.org on 3 August 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 17 August 2010Volume 153, Issue 4Page: JC2-7KeywordsAdverse eventsAnemiaChronic hepatitis CDrugsHepatitis AHepatitis CInfectious diseasesPatientsRashes ePublished: 17 August 2010 Issue Published: 17 August 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
The PDZ domain protein PDZK1 interacts with human peptide transporter PEPT2 and enhances its transport activity
Authors: R. Noshiro, N. Anzai, T. Sakata, H. Miyazaki, T. Terada, H.J. Shin, X. He, D. Miura, K. Inui, Y. Kanai, H. Endou
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
On the early career choices of medical graduates
Authors: J. Ford
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The second year's results of the BMA's cohort study of medical graduates became available this month. Its author, Jon Ford, outlines the trends in early career choice that are starting to emerge. 

In June 1995 the BMA's health policy and economic research unit began a longitudinal study of a sample of 1995 UK medical graduates. The project will track the sample for at least ten years, recording their career paths (and intentions) as well as their views on undergraduate and postgraduate education, and the professional values which underlie their choice and pursuit of a medical career.

Just over 600 graduates were selected for the study. They were drawn from the 1400 who responded to a mass mailing of final year students. The sample was constructed to be representative of the total population of final year students principally by sex and ethnic origin. Replacements for those who failed to graduate were chosen to reflect the characteristics of those they replaced. The detailed methodology of the study was described in the first report of the project published in December 1995.(1)

The first report, published in two parts, covered the initial career preferences of the doctors and dealt also with their professional values - an extension of a separate study of the core values of the medical profession. In March 1996 two focus groups of cohort members were held with two intentions. Firstly, the health policy and economic research unit was …
The relationship between the strength of the human heart beat and the interval between beats.
Authors: J Pidgeon, G A Miller, M I Noble, D Papadoyannis, W A Seed
Journal: Circulation (1982)

In 15 patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and pacing tests, the left ventricular (LV) pressure and its maximum rate of rise (LV dP/dt max) were measured with catheter-tip manometers. Atrial or ventricular pacing at a single steady frequency (the priming frequency) was followed by a test pulse at a varying interval (test pulse interval). In 14 subjects in whom it was examined, the contractile response after the test pulse increased with test pulse interval to reach a maximum plateau value--the optimum contractile response (OCR). In five cases, further prolongation of the test pulse interval decreased the contractile response. The optimum test pulse interval occurred at 800-900 msec. An increase in the priming frequency before the introduction of the test pulse caused a progressive increase in OCR, in contrast to the minor effects on LV dP/dt max of the control beats. Similar results were recorded in four other patients in whom contractile response was assessed from the rate of rise of right ventricular pressure. These results indicate that with tachycardia, the interval between beats is insufficient to allow maximum contractile performance (presumed to be activated by calcium ions) to develop. The true effect of increasing heart rate is only revealed by the relationship between OCR and the preceding frequency of contraction.
Regional oxidative metabolism in patients after recovery from reperfused anterior myocardial infarction. Relation to regional blood flow and glucose uptake.
Authors: J L Vanoverschelde, J A Melin, A Bol, R Vanbutsele, M Cogneau, D Labar, A Robert, C Michel, W Wijns
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Enhanced uptake of the glucose analogue 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) in relation to flow has been proposed as an accurate method of identifying viable myocardium. The evaluation of myocardial oxidative metabolism could be an alternate way to identify reversible injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate in patients with reperfused anterior infarction whether differences in regional oxidative metabolism exist among regions with and without flow-metabolism mismatch. METHODS AND RESULTS Fifteen patients with reperfused anterior myocardial infarction were studied between 2 weeks and 3 months after the acute event. Regional myocardial blood flow (13N-ammonia; three-compartment model), oxidative metabolism (11C-acetate; monoexponential clearance), and glucose uptake (FDG, linear graphic analysis) were evaluated with dynamic positron emission tomography. Flow-metabolism patterns were used to differentiate reversibly (FDG/flow greater than 1.2) from irreversibly injured myocardium (FDG/flow less than 1.2) using circumferential profile technique. Relative 13N-ammonia uptake was reduced in 71 of 90 anterior and/or septal segments, including 24 with (seven patients) and 38 without (eight patients) flow-metabolism mismatch. Acetate clearance (k), reflecting oxidative metabolism, was reduced by 51% in the center of the infarct area versus remote segments (27 +/- 12 versus 55 +/- 13 min-1.10(-3), p less than 0.001). Compared with infarct segments without flow-metabolism mismatch, segments exhibiting increased glucose uptake relative to flow had faster acetate clearance (35 +/- 14 versus 23 +/- 9 min-1.10(-3), p less than 0.01). Similarly, myocardial blood flow was better preserved in segments with flow-metabolism mismatch (54 +/- 13 versus 45 +/- 8 ml/min/100 g, p less than 0.01) compared with segments without mismatch. However, at similar levels of hypoperfusion, there was no significant difference in acetate clearance among segments with and those without flow-metabolism mismatch: 37 +/- 14 versus 41 +/- 15 min-1.10(-3), respectively. A positive correlation (r = 0.89, p less than 0.001) was found between absolute myocardial blood flow and acetate clearance, regardless of the flow-metabolism pattern. CONCLUSIONS In patients with reperfused myocardial infarction studied between 2 weeks and 3 months after the acute event, regional oxidative metabolism is reduced in proportion to residual myocardial blood flow and does not differ significantly among similarly hypoperfused segments with and without flow-metabolism mismatch.
Pseudothrombophlebitic onset of septic arthritis in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus.
Authors: J M Nolla, F Bolao, A Vidaller, M V Pac, J Rodriguez, J Valverde, I Moga
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1987)

Objective: To report a case of Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and Thiamine deficiency presenting with oculomotor dysfunction. Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) presents with clinical signs and symptoms like headache, papilledema and vision loss. Transient visual obscurations occur in about 2/3rd of patients with papilledema. Intermittent or continuous horizontal diplopia due to 6th CN palsy is well known. Thiamine deficiency causes classical triad of Wernicke’s encephalopathy (WE)- ataxia, ophthalmoplegia and encephalopathy. Absence of one or more of the classic symptoms can leads to under diagnosis. Oculomotor manifestations of WE include nystagmus, lateral rectus palsy and conjugate gaze palsies. Design/Methods: Retrospective review of medical records. Results: A 23-year-old female presented to her primary care physician with headache, blurred vision and diplopia. She was found to have bilateral papilledema and bilateral 6th cranial nerve palsy and was diagnosed to have IIH. She was started on acetazolamide. MRI brain showed multiple T2 hyperintensities, so she was referred to Neurology. On exam she had bilateral abduction weakness and her papilledema had resolved. She got spinal tap, opening pressure was 19cm of H2O and spinal fluid analysis was normal. Repeat MRI brain and orbits was negative for optic neuritis and multiple T2 hyperintensities persisted. She had extensive autoimmune and infectious workup which were negative. She had low thiamine level’s [3nmol/L (8-30nmol/L)] and was started on intravenous thiamine. She was discharge home on acetazolamide and thiamine. Her diplopia had resolved when she was seen in the clinic 2wks later. Conclusions: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension and Thiamine deficiency are well known to cause oculomotor dysfunction. Most patients with IIH will have significant nausea and vomiting and are prone to develop vitamin deficiencies. Measuring thiamine levels can help us diagnose and treat Wernicke’s encephalopathy and prevent significant morbidity. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Srikanth-Mysore has nothing to disclose. Dr. Marky has nothing to disclose.
C1272S: A new candidate mutation in type 2A von Willebrand disease that disrupts the disulfide loop responsible for the interaction of VWF with platelet GP lb‐IX
Authors: Norma Penas, Almudena Pérez, Rosario González‐Boullosa, Javier Batlle
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2004)

Abstract Most of type 2A von Willebrand disease (VWD) mutations are clustered within the A2 domain of VWF, encoded by the 3′ region of exon 28 of the von Willebrand factor (VWF) gene. A patient with lifelong and severe bleeding diathesis and laboratory data of type 2A VWD is described. The analysis of the complete exon 28 of the VWF gene showed a 3815 G→C change within the A1 domain, resulting in the C1272S missense mutation in a heterozygous state. The substitution was not found in 100 normal alleles also examined and has not been described previously. This candidate mutation would interrupt the formation of the disulfide loop 1272–1458, which is important in maintaining the adequate conformation of the VWF functional domain that interacts with platelet glycoprotein Ib‐IX. Gene expression of this candidate mutation is necessary to confirm its role. Am. J. Hematol. 75:73–77, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Why antibodies disobey the Hippocratic Oath and end up doing harm: a new clue
Authors: Liise-anne Pirofski
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2010)

The appearance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as an endemic microbe, first in hospital and health care settings and more recently in the community, has led to a disastrous situation in which use of the available antibiotic armamentarium is increasingly ineffective and spawns further antibiotic resistance. This vicious cycle highlights the pressing need for an S. aureus vaccine. However, to date, clinical trials with S. aureus vaccines have not demonstrated sustained efficacy. In this issue of the JCI, Skurnik and colleagues report that specific antibodies to two different S. aureus surface polysaccharides, which independently promote effector cell killing of S. aureus in vitro and protection against S. aureus in animal models, bind to and abrogate the activity of one another when they are combined. This fascinating finding suggests a new paradigm to explain the failure of antibody immunity to S. aureus.
Interrelation of vitamin C, infection, haemostatic factors, and cardiovascular disease
Authors: K.-T. Khaw, P. Woodhouse
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b>: To examine the hypothesis that the increase in fibrinogen concentration and respiratory infections in winter is related to seasonal variations in vitamin C status (assessed with serum ascorbate concentration). <b>Design</b>: Longitudinal study of individuals seen at intervals of two months over one year. <b>Setting</b>: Cambridge. <b>Subjects</b>: 96 men and women aged 65-74 years living in their own homes. <b>Main outcome measures</b>: Haemostatic factors fibrinogen and factor VIIC; acute phase proteins; respiratory symptoms; respiratory function. <b>Results</b>: Mean dietary intake of vitamin C varied from about 65 mg/24 h in winter to 90 mg/24 h in summer; mean serum ascorbate concentration ranged from 50 μmol/l in winter to 60 μmol/l in summer. Serum ascorbate concentration was strongly inversely related to haemostatic factors fibrinogen and factor VIIC as well as to acute phase proteins but not to self reported respiratory symptoms or neutrophil count. Serum ascorbate concentration was also related positively to forced expiratory volume in one second. An increase in dietary vitamin C of 60 mg daily (about one orange) was associated with a decrease in fibrinogen concentrations of 0.15 g/l, equivalent (according to prospective studies) to a decline of approximately 10% in risk of ischaemic heart disease. <b>Conclusion</b>: High intake of vitamin C has been suggested as being protective both for respiratory infection and for cardiovascular disease. These findings support the hypothesis that vitamin C may protect against cardiovascular disease through an effect on haemostatic factors at least partly through the response to infection; this may have implications both for our understanding of the pathogenetic mechanisms in respiratory and cardiovascular disease and for the prevention of such conditions. <h3>Key messages</h3> Key messages A winter increase in fibrinogen concentration has been associated with a winter increase in respiratory infection Vitamin C status is related to fibrinogen and factor VIIC concentrations as well as markers of infections including acute phase proteins and to respiratory function Maintaining adequate vitamin C intake—for example, by eating an extra orange daily—may reduce some of the seasonal variation in mortality Differences in vitamin C status, infection, and fibrinogen concentration might explain some of the observed socioeconomic differential in respiratory and cardiovascular disease
Plasma selenium in patients with cirrhosis
Authors: Raymond F. Burk, Dayna S. Early, Kristina E. Hill, Ivan S. Palmer, Martha E. Boeglin
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Plasma selenium concentration is decreased in patients with cirrhosis and, based on this finding, it has been suggested that patients with cirrhosis are selenium deficient. We measured plasma selenium concentration and the two plasma selenoproteins, glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-3) and selenoprotein P, in the plasma of patients with cirrhosis of Child classes A, B, and C and in control subjects. Plasma selenium declined in proportion to the severity of the cirrhotic condition, as indicated by the Child class. Selenoprotein P, which originates largely in the liver, declined in a similar manner. Plasma glutathione peroxidase activity increased, and GSHPx-3 originates in the kidney. Selenium in the non-selenoprotein pool, shown by others to be largely selenomethionine in albumin, declined. Thus, although plasma selenium is decreased in patients with cirrhosis, the increase in plasma glutathione peroxidase activity, which occurs in them, suggests that patients with cirrhosis do not have selenium deficiency.
A case of Maffucci's syndrome*
Authors: D.A. TILSLEY, P.W. BURDEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article A case of Maffucci's syndrome Get access D.A. TILSLEY, D.A. TILSLEY The Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.W. BURDEN P.W. BURDEN The Launceston General Hospital, Launceston, Tasmania Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue 3, 1 September 1981, Pages 331–336, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01294.x Published: 01 September 1981 Article history Accepted: 27 November 1980 Published: 01 September 1981