tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic accuracy of trans-thoracic chest ultrasonography in patients with acute respiratory failure
Authors: Maha Ghanem, Ali Abd ElAzeem, Hoda Makhlouf
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: The aim of this prospective study was to define the accuracy of chest ultrasound (CU) in patients with pulmonary diseases resulting in acute respiratory failure (ARF).  Methods: Fifty nine patients with ARF underwent CU examination as part of their evaluation blinded to their diagnosis. We compared CU results and final diagnosis based on laboratory, chest radiography and/or CT scans. Different CU findings were assessed including horizontal A lines, vertical B lines, lung sliding (LS), alveolar consolidation (AC), and/or pleural effusion. These patterns were correlated with final clinical diagnoses.  Results: For pulmonary edema (n=16), anterior bilateral B lines had 96% specificity and 95% sensitivity. For COPD and asthma (n=14), anterior-predominant A lines with lung sliding had 96% specificity and 86% sensitivity. For pneumonia (n=12), different patterns were seen; AC (n=5), anterior-predominant B lines on one side and predominant A lines on the other (n=4), and A lines plus pleural effusion (n=3) with 92% specificity and 85% sensitivity. For pulmonary embolism (n=5), unilateral anterior predominant bilateral A lines associated with LS with or without peripheral hypoechoic lesion showed 95% specificity and 79% sensitivity. For pneumothorax (n=4), absent anterior LS, anterior A lines, and positive lung point had 100% specificity and 75% sensitivity. For all patients, CU correlated with final diagnoses in 90% of cases.  Conclusions: CU is a simple, bedside noninvasive tool that can help making rapid diagnosis in critically ill respiratory patients with ARF. Despite its adequate sensitivity, other imaging modalities may be needed in certain clinical situations.
Specific IgE sensitisation in a six-year old infant cohort in New Zealand
Authors: Rob Siebers, Philippa Lampshire, Kristin Wickens, Tristram Ingham, Michael Epton, Ian Town, Julian Crane
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To determine sensitisation to inhalant and food allergens in 6-year old children in New Zealand.   Methods:  Specific IgE (sIgE) levels were determined to 12 inhalant and food allergens in 659 6-year old children from Wellington (n=316) and Christchurch (n=343) from a birth cohort. Allergens tested were D. pteronyssinus, cat pelt, dog hair, horse hair, cockroach, A. fumigatus, Alternaria, olive pollen, rye grass, egg white, cow9s milk and peanut by a 3rd generation liquid chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (Siemens IMMULITE 2000). Atopic sensitisation was defined as at least one sIgE ≥ 0.35 kU/L.   Results:  Sensitisation was present in 299 children (45.4%). Sensitisation to D. pteronyssinus was most prevalent with 176 children sensitised (26.7%) and with the highest sIgE levels (geometric mean: 9.1 kU/L; 95% CI: 6.2-13.2). The next highest sensitisation rate was to rye grass (141 children, 21.4%) followed by egg white (124 children, 18.8%). Mono-sensitisation was observed in 122 children (18.5%): 44 to egg white, 35 to D. pteronyssinus, 18 to rye grass, 6 to cat pelt, 5 to cow9s milk, 4 to peanut, 3 to horse hair, 3 to dog hair, and 1 each to cockroach, A. fumigatus, Alternaria and olive pollen. The other 177 children were poly-sensitised: 60 to two allergens, 40 to three, 26 to four, 22 to five, 17 to six, 3 to seven, 5 to eight, 3 to nine and 1 to all twelve. Of those poly-sensitised the highest sIgE level in three-quarter of these children was to D. pteronyssinus followed by rye grass.   Conclusion:  Sensitisation to inhalant and food allergens is high in New Zealand 6-year old children with sensitisation to D. pteronyssinus the most prevalent and with very high sIgE levels.
Exploring the Promise of Mindfulness as Medicine
Authors: Laura Buchholz
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Left Atrial and Ventricular Filling in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: ALAIN BOUSSUGES, CHRISTOPHE PINET, FLORENCE MOLENAT, HENRI BURNET, PIERRE AMBROSI, MONIQUE BADIER, JEAN-MARIE SAINTY, JEAN OREHEK
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

Abnormal left ventricular (LV) diastolic function has frequently been reported in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present work, diastolic function was studied by a combined analysis of pulmonary venous and mitral blood flow velocities in 34 patients with COPD clinically stable and without history of heart disease, and 20 control subjects. We confirmed the increased contribution of the atrial contraction to the LV filling in COPD patients in comparison with control subjects; furthermore, a decreased left atrial (LA) filling during the ventricular systole was observed. Changes in LV filling were not the consequence of a systolic dysfunction, because LV systolic function was normal. Doppler indices indicated that LA pressure was below 15 cm H(2)O in all the patients with COPD and control subjects. Several factors can be put forward to explain these changes; the first one is tachycardia. In addition to hypoxemia and medications, echocardiography suggested that a decreased LV preload participated in increased heart rate. Analysis of Doppler transmitral and pulmonary venous flows demonstrated the role of the ventricular interdependence because a correlation existed between LA and LV filling pattern and right ventricle pressure and diameter.
Noncontraceptive Estrogen Use and the Occurrence of Ovarian Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N S Weiss, J L Lyon, S Krishnamurthy, S E Dietert, J M Liff, J R Daling
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Female residents of six counties in Washington and Utah in whom ovarian cancer was diagnosed during 1975-79 were interviewed concerning prior use of noncontraceptive estrogens. Interviews with a random sample of women drawn from these counties were obtained for comparison. Taken as a whole, women with epithelial ovarian tumors reported estrogen use for 1 year or more somewhat more often than did controls [relative risk (RR) = 1.3, 95% confidence interval (CL) = 0.9-1.8]. The proportion of women who had used estrogens varied according to the histology of their tumor; notably, of 17 women with endometrioid tumors, 12 had used estrogens (RR = 3.1, 95% CL = 1.0-9.8). The excess risk of endometrioid carcinoma related to estrogen use was not further increased when these hormones were taken for long durations, in high doses, or proximate to the time of diagnosis. Neither was there any evidence of increased risk from estrogen use in the small group of women with clear cell tumors, a histologic tumor type believed to be closely related to endometrioid carcinoma. Thus the observed association between menopausal estrogen use and the occurrence of ovarian endometrioid tumors should be interpreted cautiously until the results of additional studies are available.
Malassezia globosa as the causative agent of pityriasis versicolor
Authors: V. Crespo Erchiga, A. Ojeda Martos, A. Vera Casaño, A. Crespo Erchiga, F. Sanchez Fajardo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

The taxonomic revision carried out in 1996 on the genus Malassezia, which now comprises seven different species, made necessary a re-evaluation of the data concerning the ecology and pathogenicity of these lipophilic yeasts. Very little has been published since then.The aim of this work was to contribute to the knowledge of the aetiology of pityriasis versicolor (PV) with a mycological study made according to the new species.Ninety-six patients with PV completed the study. In all of them, samples were taken from the lesions for direct microscopy with KOH+ Parker ink and culture. Samples were also taken from normal skin of the trunk and the forehead of the same patients for culture. Cultures were made in modified Dixon medium in Petri dishes, incubated at 31 degrees C and the isolates were identified by morphological and physiological characteristics.In the PV lesions, direct microscopy always showed the typical mixture of globose blastoconidia and pseudomycelium. Only one patient, having received previous topical antimycotic treatment, was negative. The spherical yeasts observed in vivo were morphologically identical to the globose yeasts characteristic of M. globosa. In culture, M. globosa was found in 97% of cases, alone in 60% of them and associated with M. sympodialis in 29% and M. slooffiae in 7%. These two species were also found in similar percentages on the clinically uninvolved skin of the trunk, whereas M. globosa was not isolated at these sites. However, on the forehead, a small number of colonies of M. globosa was recovered in 12% of cases.These results support the data previously reported and strongly suggest that M. globosa in its mycelial phase is the causative agent of PV.
Chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps and rhinitis in adult asthma. Frequency distribution and relationship with asthma control and severity (the IRIS-ASMA study)
Authors: José A. Castillo, Vicente Plaza, Gustavo Rodrigo, Berta Julia, Joaquim Mullol
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The prevalence and severity of rhinitis and/or chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) related to asthma severity was the aim of this study in a cohort of asthmatic patients.  METHODS. Asthmatic (N=492), mean age 45(15) yr, female 70.5%, according to GINA: (intermittent 17.3%; persistent 82.7% [mild 24.6%, moderate 31.4%, severe 26.7%]) in a prospective study carried out in 2010-2011 by pneumonologists and ENT specialists of 23 centres. Allergic (AR) and non-allergic (NAR) rhinitis and CRS with (CRSwNP) and without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps were evaluated according to ARIA and EPOS by symptoms, prick test, endoscopy, and sinus CT scan. Asthma control according to GINA and Asthma Control Test (ACT).  RESULTS. No sinonasal disease 14.2%, rhinitis 49.6% (AR: 37.0%; NAR: 12.6%), and CRS 36.2% (CRSsNP: 16.7%; CRSwNP: 19.5%;). Most AR (78%) and NAR (84%) comorbidities were present in intermittent and mild to moderate persistent asthmatics. CRSsNP was similarly frequent in all asthma severity levels while CRSwNP was associated to severe asthma (48%, P  CONCLUSIONS. 1 st ) Most patients (85.8%) have concomitant rhinitis or chronic rhinosinusitis; 2 nd ) Intermittent and mild to moderate asthma are associated with rhinitis, either allergic or non-allergic; 3 rd ) Severe asthma is associated with CRS with nasal polyps, specially in non-atopic patients; and 4 th ) Both asthma severity and sinus ocupancy are associated with a poorer asthma control in nasal polyposis.
The Dermatitis Family Impact questionnaire: a review of its measurement properties and clinical application
Authors: S.R. Dodington, M.K.A. Basra, A.Y. Finlay, M.S. Salek
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Journal Article The Dermatitis Family Impact questionnaire: a review of its measurement properties and clinical application Get access S.R. Dodington, S.R. Dodington Centre for Socioeconomic Research, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.K.A. Basra, M.K.A. Basra Department of Dermatology and Wound Healing, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.Y. Finlay, A.Y. Finlay Department of Dermatology and Wound Healing, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, U.K Andrew Y. Finlay. E‐mail: finlayay@cf.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.S. Salek M.S. Salek Centre for Socioeconomic Research, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 169, Issue 1, 1 July 2013, Pages 31–46, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12232 Published: 01 July 2013 Article history Accepted: 05 January 2013 Published: 01 July 2013
Leucotriene B4 in fractionated breath condensate: Comparison of bronchial and alveolar concentrations in children
Authors: Christina Maria Mueller, Jordis Trischler, Stephanie Könitzer, Christiane Lex
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  Asthma is a chronic inflammatory diesease of the airways but recent studies have shown that alveoli are also subject of pathophysiological changes.   Objectives:  This study was undertaken to compare leucotriene B4 (LTB 4 ) concentrations in different parts of the lungs using a new technique of fractionated breath condensate sampling.   Methods:  In 69 patients (10-17 years, 34 asthmatics, 35 controls) measurements of exhaled nitric oxide (FE NO ), lung function and LTB 4  concentrations in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) were performed. EBC was collected in two different fractions, representing mainly either the airways or the alveoli, using captovolumetry. LTB 4  concentrations were measured using an ELISA.   Results:  44% and 49% of the LTB 4 values were below the detection limit. Concentrations of the bronchial fraction correlated significantly with those of the alveolar fraction (r=0.73, p=0.000). Differences between the fractions were not significant in a paired difference test. Subjects with obstructive lung function (n=4) had significantly higher LTB 4  values than subjects with normal lung function (n= 65) (p=0.043, p=0.040, respectively). Asthmatics had significantely higher alveolar but not bronchial LTB 4  values than controls (p=0.005, p=0.232, respectively). There was no relationship between LTB 4  and FE NO  values.   Conclusions:  Differences in LTB 4  concentrations between asthmatics and controls were only measurable in the alveolar but not in the bronchial fraction of EBC. An additional analysis of alveolar inflammation may therefore be possibly useful in asthmatics. However, lab techniques for analysing LTB 4  in EBC need to be improved and easy applicable.
Interferon- release assays for the diagnosis of latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Authors: R. Diel, D. Goletti, C. Lange, D. Manissero
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

From the authors:

We thank O. Moran Mendoza for his comment on the joint systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) for the diagnosis of latent infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis by the Tuberculosis Network European Trials Group (TBNET) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) [1]. O. Moran Mendoza highlights the as-yet limited knowledge about the positive predictive values of IGRAs for the development of tuberculosis, a standpoint that is also expressed in the new European Union guidance on the use of IGRAs in support of the diagnosis of tuberculosis [2].

In our meta-analysis and systematic review, only studies reporting on the diagnosis of latent infection with M. tuberculosis (LTBI) that used the latest commercially available version of IGRAs were included. Studies that were performed with “in-house” IGRAs, e.g. the studies by H …
Promise of Precision Medicine
Authors: Christina X. Chen, Joel W. Hay
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Eosinophilic foreign body granuloma after multiple self-administered bee stings
Authors: Jae-Hoon Park, Jong GU Kim, Seung-Hoon Cha, Seok Don Park
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

A bee sting can cause a foreign body granuloma of the skin, due to activated macrophages at the stinging site. A 52‐year‐old woman presented with a large doughnut‐shaped ulcerative tumour on the left side of her face. A bean‐sized facial papule had grown to a 4.0 × 3.9 × 1.1 cm mass after multiple bee stings induced by herself over a period of 1 year. Histology showed epidermal ulceration with granulomatous inflammatory cell infiltration of many eosinophils. No micro‐organisms or foreign bodies were identified. Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide was not effective, but an excellent outcome was obtained using carbon dioxide laser vaporization of the lesion.
Susceptibility of Mammalian (Hamster) Cell Culture to Infection With Cellular and Cell-Free Type II Leukosis (Marek's Disease) Virus2
Authors: H. G. Bedigian, Martin Sevoian
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Susceptibility of Mammalian (Hamster) Cell Culture to Infection With Cellular and Cell-Free Type II Leukosis (Marek's Disease) Virus Get access H. G. Bedigian, H. G. Bedigian Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Martin Sevoian Martin Sevoian Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01002 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 50, Issue 1, January 1973, Pages 129–135, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/50.1.129 Published: 01 January 1973 Article history Received: 15 June 1972 Accepted: 27 September 1972 Published: 01 January 1973
Imaging of estrogen receptors in primary and metastatic breast cancer patients with iodine-123-labeled Z-MIVE.
Authors: L J Rijks, P J Bakker, G van Tienhoven, L A Noorduyn, G J Boer, R C Rietbroek, C W Taat, A G Janssen, C H Veenhof, E A van Royen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of noninvasive imaging of estrogen receptors (ERs) in primary and metastatic breast cancer with the iodine-123-labeled ER-specific ligand cis-11beta-methoxy-17alpha-iodovinylestradiol-17beta (Z-[123I]MIVE) using conventional nuclear medicine techniques. PATIENTS AND METHODS Z-[123I]MIVE planar scintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were performed in 12 patients with proven primary breast cancer and 13 patients with proven or from other imaging modalities evident bone, liver, lung, pleura and/or lymph node metastases. The results were compared with those of ER immunohistochemistry (IHC). Blocking studies with the antiestrogen tamoxifen were performed to test whether Z-[123I]MIVE tumor uptake was ER-mediated. RESULTS Planar imaging showed uptake in 11 of 12 primary carcinomas. ER IHC performed for nine of these was positive. For the planar scintigraphy-negative patient, SPECT was faintly positive, but ER IHC negative (agreement, 90%). In nine of 13 metastatic patients, planar scintigraphy was positive. The agreement between the results of ER IHC on the original primary tumor and of Z-[123I]MIVE scintigraphy was 82%. Specificity of tumor Z-[123I]MIVE uptake was established by complete blockade of uptake by tamoxifen, except in two patients who showed progressive disease. Z-[123I]MIVE scintigraphy also enabled discriminating metastases from confounding nonmalignant abnormalities of the bone scan. CONCLUSION Z-[123I]MIVE scintigraphy shows high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of ER-positive breast cancer. This may have impact on diagnostic possibilities and therapeutic management. Since ER imaging shows the functional status, addressing known intratumoral and intertumoral ER heterogeneity, it may improve the characterization of disease and the selection of patients who may benefit from hormonal therapy.
Evaluating Health Education in Asthma — Developing the Methodology: Preliminary Communication
Authors: Sean Hilton, Bonnie Sibbald, H Ross Anderson, Paul Freeling
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1982)

The results are reported of a preliminary study to a controlled trial evaluating health education in asthma. A questionnaire designed to assess asthma morbidity in the previous twelve months and knowledge of the condition was administered to 50 asthma patients. An independent assessment of morbidity was made by the patient's general practitioners, utilizing case notes and their knowledge of the patients. For each aspect of morbidity, `severe' asthma as assessed by doctors tended to be associated with increasing disability on questionnaire assessment. Overall, questionnaire `morbidity scores' were significantly higher in the doctors' `severe' group. Patients' level of knowledge was low, but no significant correlation was found between patients' level of knowledge and level of morbidity.The findings suggest that there is a need for health education in asthma, and that the questionnaire used is a valid tool for measuring the impact of such education on patients' morbidity. An outline of the controlled trial for evaluation of health education is given.