tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
111. AAV7, 8, and 9 Are More Efficient and Less Immunogenic Vectors for Muscle-Directed Gene Therapy for Hemophilia B
Authors: Lili Wang, Jean-Pierre Louboutin, Yan Li, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Vectors based on AAV serotype 2 have been tested in a phase I clinical trials for hemophilia B. Problems of pre-existing immunity to AAV2 in human population could limit its broad application. Another concern is the anti-FIX inhibitor formation which has been observed in the preclinical animal studies using AAV2 and AAV1 vectors. Pseudotyped AAV vectors with different tissue tropisms and improved gene transfer efficiencies provide potential alternatives to overcome these problems. In this study, we compared the long-term expression of canine factor IX (cFIX) levels and anti-cFIX antibody responses following muscle-directed gene transfer of vectors pseudotyped with AAV1, 2, 5, 7, 8, and 9 in immunocompetent hemophilia B mice. We demonstrated that AAV8, 9, and 7 are superior vectors for muscle-directed gene therapy for hemophilia B, compared to AAV2/1, 2/2, and 2/5 vectors. Our data indicate that AAV2/8 is about 25-fold more efficient than AAV2/1 vector for muscle-directed gene transfer in immunocompetent hemophilia B mice. These novel vectors are not only more efficient in transducing muscle fibers, they are also less immunogenic in eliciting B cell responses to the cFIX transgene product. The absence of antibody response to transgene by AAV8 is independent of the dose of vector and level of transgene expression. Besides, pre-existing immunity to these vectors in human is also less problematic. Therefore, these new AAV serotypes provide unique advantages for their future applications in treating hemophilia and other genetics diseases.
Surgery of violence. V. Missile wounds of the head and spine.
Authors: D S Gordon
Journal: BMJ (1975)

The patient with a cerebral gunshot wound has a very unstable condition. In Belfast emphasis has been laid on rapid evacuation and on starting resuscitation within a few minutes of injury. Early and adequate transfusion combats shock; controlled ventilation helps limit the rise in intracranial pressure. Intracranial haematomata should be sought by early operation. Operation seldom improves neurological function in missile wounds of the spine.
Plasmacytoma of the Lumbar Spine by SPECT
Authors: MICHAEL F. HARTSHORNE, MICHAEL A. CAWTHON, JOHN M. BAUMAN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1986)

SPECT done under technically unfavorable circumstances succeeded in improving cold and hot lesion detectability and clarity in a lumbar spine bone scan in a patient with a plasmacytoma of a vertebral body.
Bilharzial Affection of Ureter
Authors: M. Gelfand
Journal: BMJ (1948)

The finding of exo-erythrocytic schizonts of Plasmodium cynomalgi in the liver of a monkey about three and a half months after a sporozoite-induced infection is evidence of the persistence of the exo-erythrocytic cycle after.establishment of the blood infection.Reasons are given for the assumption that this is the cycle responsible for the production of relapses.As in earlier work in this investigation we wish to record the valuable technical assistance of our staff, Mr. W. Cooper and
Elevated homocysteine levels indicate suboptimal folate status in pediatric sickle cell patients
Authors: Fey P. L. van der Dijs, John-John B. Schnog, D.A. Janneke Brouwer, Herman J. R. Velvis, Gita A. van den Berg, Andries J. Bakker, Ashley J. Duits, Fred D. Muskiet, Frits A. J. Muskiet
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1998)

We investigated whether pediatric patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) (9 + 4 years; 27 homozygous SCD [HbSS]; 19 sickle-C disease [HbSC]) have different folate status compared with age-, sex-, and race-matched normal hemoglobin (HbAA) controls (n = 20), and whether their folate status can be improved by folate supplementation. The patients were supplemented with vitamins B6 and B12 during one week and with folate during the following week. Circulating folate, homocysteine, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12 levels were measured at baseline (patients and controls), after one week and after two weeks (patients). The patients had similar folate, vitamin B6, and vitamin B12, but higher homocysteine levels compared with HbAA controls (12.7 + 4.5 vs. 10.9 + 3.5 μmol/l; P = 0.04). Vitamin B6 and B12 supplementation did not change their homocysteine levels, but folate supplementation caused a 53% reduction (to 5.7 + 1.6). We conclude that patients with SCD have adequate vitamin B6 and B12 status, but suboptimal folate status, leading to elevated plasma homocysteine levels. They may therefore benefit from folate supplementation to reduce their high risk for endothelial damage. Am. J. Hematol. 59:192–198, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
THE ADDRESS ON STATE MEDICINE.Read by Title at the Forty-second Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held at Washington, D.C., May, 1891.
Authors: W. L. SCHENCK
Journal: JAMA (1891)

<i>Mr. President and Fellows of the American Medical Association</i>:—While I appreciate the honor of the Address on State Medicine, I comprehend the difficulty of doing honor to a position so ably filled by Dr. Henry I. Bowditch, Dr. J. L. Cabell, Dr. George H. Rohè, and other distinguished physicians and sanitarians. I am as another Ruth in the already well gleaned fields of Boaz. If the importance of the subject assigned to me required emphasis, it could receive no stronger than was given to it at the last meeting of the Association, when its honored president. Dr. E. M. Moore, devoted much of his address to it, while the distinguished Father of the Association, Dr. N. S. Davis, in the Address on General Medicine, dwelt upon the same theme. State Medicine, narrowly defined, is the control of disease through legislative enactments. In its broader signification it includes all that tends
Ineffective Personnel in Military Service: A Critique of Concepts and Rehabilitation Practices from a Psychiatric Viewpoint
Authors: ROLAND M. ATKINSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

Ineffectiveness in military service has been demonstrated usually to be the product of transactional psychosocial processes, although a contrary official attitude holds that ineffectiveness is the result of a man's personality deficits. Rehabilitation practices vary widely in the armed services, often for reasons having little to do with the psychopathology of the ineffective man. The author concludes that by broader application of model military rehabilitation and crisis intervention programs the armed services could profitably promote both organizational and individual effectiveness.
My first time on call
Authors: Olaoluwatomi Lamikanra
Journal: BMJ (2007)

It was my first time on call, and I was to cover the emergency room from 4 pm until 8 am the next morning. The early part of my shift was uneventful, and I successfully cleared the minor cases of malaria, colds, and catarrhs. My great fear had long been of being accosted by a patient and not knowing what to do, so that night I retired to bed with hopes and prayers for a sweet sleep, dreaming of nothing related to medicine.

My ordeal started at about 11 pm. The …
Bed Rest, Elective Surgery, And Oral Contraceptives
Authors: Kurt N. von Kaulla
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the issue of Aug 23, 1971, ofThe Journal(<b>217</b>:1107, 1971) Goldfinger suggested that any woman who is taking the "pill" and is to be confined to bed rest should stop the medication for the period of immobilization. The reason given is that the combination of pill-induced hypercoagulability plus bed rest may lead to a a clotting event. We agree with Goldfinger's viewpoint, but wish to point out that the pill-induced hypercoagulability, which is reflected in a drop of antithrombin III activity, accelerated thrombin generation, and a speed-up of the kinetics of fibrin formation (<i>Amer J Obstet Gynec</i><b>109</b>:868, 1971), does not disappear promptly as soon as the contraceptive medication is discontinued. We have shown on many occasions that the oral-contraceptive-induced hypercoagulability requires up to three weeks to disappear. This is in contrast to the initial development of the hypercoagulability which is clearly measurable
Sector Resection With or Without Postoperative Radiotherapy for Stage I Breast Cancer: Five-Year Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: G. Liljegren, L. Holmberg, H.-O. Adami, G. Westman, S. Graffman, J. Bergh
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1994)

Journal Article Sector Resection With or Without Postoperative Radiotherapy for Stage I Breast Cancer: Five-Year Results of a Randomized Trial Get access G. Liljegren, G. Liljegren Department of Surgery Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar L. Holmberg, L. Holmberg Department of Surgery and Cancer Epidemiology Unit Correspondence to : Lars Holmberg, M.D., Department of Surgery, University Hospital, S-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar H.-O. Adami, H.-O. Adami Cancer Epidemiology Unit, University Hospital, Uppsala; and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public HealthBoston, Mass Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar G. Westman, G. Westman Department of Oncology, Orebro Medical Center HospitalSweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar S. Graffman, S. Graffman Department of Oncology, University HospitalLund, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J. Bergh, J. Bergh Department of Oncology, University HospitalUppsala, Sweden Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Uppsala-Örebro Breast Cancer study Group Uppsala-Örebro Breast Cancer study Group Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 86, Issue 9, 4 May 1994, Pages 717–722, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/86.9.717 Published: 04 May 1994 Article history Received: 10 September 1993 Revision received: 03 February 1994 Accepted: 16 February 1994 Published: 04 May 1994
Preparation of Purified Penicillin
Authors: F. M. Berger
Journal: BMJ (1945)

This communication describes a simple and inexpensive method of preparing purified penicillin suitable for systemic use.The method can be carried out with the equipment available in most bacteriological laboratories.Production of penicillin in bacteriological laboratories would augment the supplies and nrxake penicillin available to patients who otherwise could not be treated by this valuable drug. Cultivation of the MouldThe mould Penicillium notatum was obtained from Sir Alexander Fleming.It was grown on a modified Czapek-Dox medium, using lactose instead of glucose (Taylor, 1943).corn- steep liquor instead of yeast extract (Clifton, 1943), and adding traces of zinc (Foster et ai., 1943).Yields of penicillin of 30
Pre- and Postnatal Arsenic Exposure and Body Size to 2 Years of Age: A Cohort Study in Rural Bangladesh
Authors: Kuntal K Saha, Annette Engström, Jena Derakhshani Hamadani, Fahmida Tofail, Kathleen M Rasmussen, Marie Vahter
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

Exposure to arsenic via drinking water has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and infant morbidity and mortality. Little is known, however, about the effects of arsenic on child growth.We assessed potential effects of early-life arsenic exposure on weight and length of children from birth to 2 years of age.We followed 2,372 infants born in a population-based intervention trial in rural Bangladesh. Exposure was assessed by arsenic concentrations in urine (U-As) of mothers (gestational weeks 8 and 30) and children (18 months old). Child anthropometry was measured monthly in the first year and quarterly in the second. Linear regression models were used to examine associations of U-As (by quintiles) with child weight and length, adjusted for age, maternal body mass index, socioeconomic status, and sex (or stratified by sex).Median (10th-90th percentiles) U-As concentrations were about 80 (25-400) µg/L in the mothers and 34 (12-159) µg/L in the children. Inverse associations of maternal U-As with child's attained weight and length at 3-24 months were markedly attenuated after adjustment. However, associations of U-As at 18 months with weight and length at 18-24 months were more robust, particularly in girls. Compared with girls in the first quintile of U-As (< 16 µg/L), those in the fourth quintile (26-46 µg/L) were almost 300 g lighter and 0.7 cm shorter, and had adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for underweight and stunting of 1.57 (1.02-2.40) and 1.58 (1.05-2.37), respectively, at 21 months.Postnatal arsenic exposure was associated with lower body weight and length among girls, but not boys.
Inflammation, oxidative DNA damage, and carcinogenesis.
Authors: J G Lewis, D O Adams
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1987)

Inflammation has long been associated with carcinogenesis, especially in the promotion phase. The mechanism of action of the potent inflammatory agent and skin promoter 12-tetradecanoyl phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) is unknown. It is thought that TPA selectively enhances the growth of initiated cells, and during this process, initiated cells progress to the preneoplastic state and eventually to the malignant phenotype. Many studies support the multistep nature of carcinogenesis, and a significant amount of evidence indicates that more than one genetic event is necessary for neoplastic transformation. Selective growth stimulation of initiated cells by TPA does not explain how further genetic events may occur by chronic exposure to this nongenotoxic agent. We and others have proposed that TPA may work, in part, by inciting inflammation and stimulating inflammatory cells to release powerful oxidants which then induce DNA damage in epidermal cells. Macrophages cocultured with target cells and TPA induce oxidized thymine bases in the target cells. This process is inhibited by both catalase and inhibitors of lipoxygenases, suggesting the involvement of both H2O2 and oxidized lipid products. Furthermore, macrophage populations that release both H2O2 and metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) are more efficient at inducing oxidative DNA damage in surrounding cells than populations which only release H2O2 or metabolites of AA. In vivo studies demonstrated that SENCAR mice, which are sensitive to promotion by TPA, have a more intense inflammatory reaction in skin than C57LB/6 mice, which are resistant to promotion by TPA. In addition, macrophages from SENCAR mice release more H2O2 and metabolites of AA, and induce more oxidative DNA damage in cocultured cells than macrophages from C57LB/6 mice.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Falls in Older People: Risk Factors and Strategies for Prevention
Authors: Kristin Robie
Journal: JAMA (2010)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 2040: Gene expression profile of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer by RT-qPCR
Authors: Areti D. Strati, Athina Markou, Cleio Parisi, Eleni Politaki, Dimitris Mavroudis, Vassilis Georgoulias, Evi Lianidou
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are associated with prognosis and can be used as a liquid biopsy for repeated follow up examinations. Molecular characterization of CTCs is difficult to address since they are very rare and the amount of available sample is very limited. Patients and methods: We quantified by RT-qPCR CK-19, MAGE-A3, HER-2, TWIST1, hTERT α+β+, and mammaglobin gene transcripts in immunomagnetically positively selected CTCs from 92 breast cancer patients, and 28 healthy individuals. We compared our results with the CellSearch system in 33 patients with early breast cancer. Results: RT-qPCR is highly sensitive and specific and can detect the expression of each individual gene at the one cell level. None of the genes tested was detected in the group of healthy donors. In 66 operable breast cancer patients, CK-19 was detected in 42.4%, HER-2 in 13.6%, MAGE-A3 in 21.2%, hMAM in 13.6%, TWIST-1 in 42.4%, and hTERT α+β+ in 10.2%. In 26 patients with verified metastasis, CK-19 was detected in 53.8%, HER-2 in 19.2%, MAGE-A3 in 15.4%, hMAM in 30.8%, TWIST-1 in 38.5% and hTERT α+β+in 19.2%. The comparison between RT-qPCR and CellSearch, showed that RT-qPCR was more sensitive than CellSearch. Discussion: Molecular characterization of CTCs has revealed a remarkable heterogeneity of gene expression between breast cancer patients. In a small percentage of patients, CTCs were positive for all six genes tested, while in some patients only one of these genes was expressed. The clinical significance of these findings in early breast cancer remains to be elucidated when the clinical outcome for these patients is known. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2040. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2040
Treatment of achalasia with pneumatic dilatations
Authors: G. Vantrappen, J. Hellemans, W. Deloof, P. Valembois, J. Vandenbroucke
Journal: Gut (1971)

During the last 13 years 264 unselected patients with achalasia have been treated solely by the technique of pneumatic dilatation. The principle of the method was to continue the series of consecutive dilatations until the result was satisfactory. This paper reports the late results in 138 patients who were treated more than three years ago (3-13 years; mean 6.6 years). The results were evaluated by somebody who had not before been involved in the treatment of achalasia. The evaluation was based on a personal interview, a standardized radiological examination, and intraluminal pressure measurements. These late results were classified as excellent in 45%, good in 32%, moderate in 17%, and poor in 6%. The best results were obtained in patients with a history of five to twenty years and a moderately dilated oesophagus (50-80 mm.). Comparison of the clinical results with the manometric data obtained before, immediately after, and late after treatment indicates that intraluminal pressure measurements may be a useful guide for the treatment of achalasia by pneumatic dilatations.
The Clinical Diagnosis of Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
Authors: H. A. SNELLEN, F. H. ALBERS
Journal: Circulation (1952)

Clinical studies are presented in: ( a ) One case of partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage (right common pulmonary vein into inferior vena cava), and ( b ) four cases of total abnormal pulmonary venous drainage (via "left vena cava" and left innominate vein into the superior vena cava on the right side). One of the latter four cases was verified on exploratory thoracotomy. The diagnosis was based on angiocardiography and heart catheterization, but the conventional chest roentgenogram proved to be quite characteristic of both conditions. The relatively slight impairment of health is stressed in the cases reported here.
Vehicle-controlled, randomized, double-blind study to assess safety and efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream applied once daily 3 days per week in one or two courses of treatment of actinic keratoses on the head
Authors: A. Alomar, J. Bichel, S. McRae
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Vehicle‐controlled, randomized, double‐blind study to assess safety and efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream applied once daily 3 days per week in one or two courses of treatment of actinic keratoses on the head Get access A. Alomar, A. Alomar Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Dermatology Service, Avda. San Antonio María Claret, 167, Barcelona, Spain*3M Medica, D‐41460 Neuss, Germany †3M Pharmaceuticals, St Paul, MN 55144, U.S.A. Correspondence: Augustín Alomar. E‐mail: aalomar@hsp.santpau.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Bichel, J. Bichel Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Dermatology Service, Avda. San Antonio María Claret, 167, Barcelona, Spain*3M Medica, D‐41460 Neuss, Germany †3M Pharmaceuticals, St Paul, MN 55144, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. McRae S. McRae Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Dermatology Service, Avda. San Antonio María Claret, 167, Barcelona, Spain*3M Medica, D‐41460 Neuss, Germany †3M Pharmaceuticals, St Paul, MN 55144, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue 1, 1 July 2007, Pages 133–141, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.07942.x Published: 01 July 2007
Heart Disease Screening in School Children
Authors: RICHARD A. NAIMAN, J. GORDON BARROW
Journal: Circulation (1964)

Fifty-two children with known heart disease were chosen as index subjects among 1,382 school children. All 1,382 children were screened by two methods; namely, a clinical screening examination and a heart-sound tape recording with use of three independent cardiologists to read each tape. Both methods yielded nearly identical results, identifying 16 to 18 of 20 children with congenital heart disease and 10 to 11 of 29 children with rheumatic heart disease. Using published prevalence figures for congenital and rheumatic heart disease, the authors calculate that these methods will identify only 43 to 58 per cent of heart disease existing in school-age children. There is no appreciable difference in the sensitivity or specificity of the two methods. Tape recording of heart sounds with high-quality portable equipment is found to be more cumbersome, expensive, and time consuming, and of no greater sensitivity than clinical screening by available community physicians.
A Systematic Nomenclature for the Insect Brain
Authors: Kei Ito, Kazunori Shinomiya, Masayoshi Ito, J. Douglas Armstrong, George Boyan, Volker Hartenstein, Steffen Harzsch, Martin Heisenberg, Uwe Homberg, Arnim Jenett, Haig Keshishian, Linda L. Restifo, Wolfgang Rössler, Julie H. Simpson, Nicholas J. Strausfeld, Roland Strauss, Leslie B. Vosshall
Journal: Neuron (2014)