tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1851: Colorectal adenomatous polyps and mitochondrial DNA variants
Authors: Felix O. Aikhionbare, Sharifeh Mehrabi, Shakeria Cohen, Xuebiao Yao, Osatohamwen Iyamu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Patients with adenomatous polyps have a threefold higher risk of colon cancer over the general population, which increases to sixfold if the polyps are multiple and with lower survival among African American population. Up to now, only 6% of CRC can be ascribed to mutations in particular genes. Moreover, the optimal management of patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps depends on the accuracy of appropriate staging strategies because patients with similar colorectal adenocarcinoma architecture display heterogeneity in the course and outcome of the disease. In this study, using high resolution restriction endonucleases and PCR-based sequencing, we have potentially identified some distinctive mitochondrial DNA restriction sites and sequence polymorphisms that distinguished variants among colorectal adenomatous polyps and between pre-cancer and carcinoma in the regions of ND, CYTO b, ATPase and COX genes. The distribution of some of the observed mtDNA sequence variants includes:0% (0/161) tubular, 1.2% (12/161) tubulovillous, 54% (87/161) villous, and 94.4% (152/161) cancer . The restriction analysis, using HINC II enzyme, identified a number of band shifts indicating site gains or losses in differentiating between colorectal adenomatous polyps and cancer. Results are the first study to systemic survey mitochondrial genome alterations on the pathology and clinical significance of colonic adenocarcinoma with villous architecture. This abstract was supported by NIH-NIGMS # GM099663. Citation Format: Felix O. Aikhionbare, Sharifeh Mehrabi, Shakeria Cohen, Xuebiao Yao, Osatohamwen Iyamu. Colorectal adenomatous polyps and mitochondrial DNA variants. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1851. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1851
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia successfully treated with the flash-lamp pulsed-dye laser
Authors: E. Papadavid, T. Krausz, A.C. Chu, N.P.J. Walker
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

S ir, Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (AHE) is a rare skin condition of unknown aetiology reported in young Caucasians. Different terms have been used and AHE is the most widely accepted. AHE usually affects females and presents as multiple superficial papules or nodules, which may be asymptomatic, itchy or tender, on the face and neck area around the ear/hairline, usually without lymphadenopathy, and with a mild peripheral eosinophilia. It is distinct from Kimura’s disease, which is present in Orientals, appears as deep nodules or tumours with lymphadenopathy, and is associated with marked peripheral eosinophilia. The most conspicuous histological feature of AHE is the vascular component with proliferation and swelling of the endothelial cells, whereas in Kimura’s disease, prominent cellular areas with lymphocytes forming follicles surrounded by eosinophils and fibrosis are seen. 1 Histogenetically, AHE is considered to be of endothelial cell origin, while Kimura’s disease is a chronic inflammatory process. 1 Spontaneous regression is common in AHE but persistent cases occur which may cause significant cosmetic disfigurement. This is the second case report where flash‐lamp pulsed‐dye laser (FLPDL) therapy appears to have been effective in a patient with persistent facial lesions of AHE. 2
Abstract 3850: Genetic and intermediate phenotypic susceptibility markers of gastric cancer in Hispanic-Americans: A case control study
Authors: Yuhui Sun, John Stroehlein, Jaffer Ajani, David Chang, Xifeng Wu, Jian Gu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: Hispanics are the largest non-white ethnic group in the U.S. and account for approximately 17% of U.S. population. Hispanics have higher incidence and mortality rates for gastric cancer than whites or Asians. Association studies have identified several genetic susceptibility loci and intermediate phenotypic biomarkers for gastric cancer in whites and Asians. However, no studies have evaluated genetic susceptibility and intermediate phenotypic biomarkers in Hispanics. Methods: In a case-control study of 132 Hispanic gastric cancer patients and 125 Hispanic controls, we evaluated the association of 5 previously identified, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) predisposing to gastric cancer in whites and/or Asians. In addition, two intermediate phenotypic markers in peripheral blood leukocytes, i.e., telomere length and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number, were examined with respect to risk for gastric cancer. Results: The variant C allele of the SNP rs2294008 in PSCA gene was associated with a significantly reduced risk of gastric cancer (per allele OR=0.60, 95%CI, 0.41-0.88; P=0.009) after adjusting for age, gender, and smoking status. Low mtDNA copy number was associated with a significantly increased risk of gastric cancer (OR=6.83; 95%CI, 3.33-14.00; P &amp;lt;0.01). Telomere length was not significantly associated with the risk of gastric cancer (OR=1.25, 95% CI, 0.70-2.24; P=0.450). Conclusion: Hispanics share certain genetic susceptibility loci and intermediate phenotypic biomarkers with whites and Asians, but may also have distinct genetic susceptibility factors related to risk for gastric cancer Citation Format: Yuhui Sun, John Stroehlein, Jaffer Ajani, David Chang, Xifeng Wu, Jian Gu. Genetic and intermediate phenotypic susceptibility markers of gastric cancer in Hispanic-Americans: A case control study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3850. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3850
Comparison of Diets for Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction—Reply
Authors: Michael Dansinger
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Monitoring and switching of first-line antiretroviral therapy in adult treatment cohorts in sub-Saharan Africa: collaborative analysis
Authors: Andreas D Haas, Olivia Keiser, Eric Balestre, Steve Brown, Emmanuel Bissagnene, Cleophas Chimbetete, François Dabis, Mary-Ann Davies, Christopher J Hoffmann, Patrick Oyaro, Rosalind Parkes-Ratanshi, Steven J Reynolds, Izukanji Sikazwe, Kara Wools-Kaloustian, D Marcel Zannou, Gilles Wandeler, Matthias Egger
Journal: The Lancet HIV (2015)
Abstract 3178: Implantation of Autologus Mesenchymal Stem Cells Into Atrioventricular Annulus Improves Cardiac Conduction and Cardiac Output in Canine With Complete Heart Block
Authors: Hao Zhang, Dan Qu, Shuchun Li, Lian Duan, Zhigang Song, Shengdong Huang, Zhiyun Xu
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction:  Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are capable of division, differentiation and coupling with adjacent myocytes in vitro and in vivo. Here we tested the feasibility of implanting MSCs into autologous atrioventricular (AV) annulus as an alternative treatment for complete atrioventricular block (CAVB).   Methods:  MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of adult dogs. The cells were incubated and propagated in vitro. The third generation of MSCs was transfected with adenoviral constructs of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and suspended in cultural medium. CAVB was induced by radiofrequency ablation and electronic pacemaker was implanted. A thoracotomy was then performed. After the fatty tissue in right AV groove was stabilized with two forceps, 4 × 10 6  of MSCs (MSC group, 6 dogs) or saline (control group, 4 dogs) were injected into the right AV annular region. Animals were monitored by electrocardiogram and echocardiogram for up to 4 weeks after injection, at which time cardiac output (CO) was measured by thermodilution in pulmonary artery. The heart was then removed and the injection site was visually harvested for immunohistochemical studies.   Results:  The 1:1 AV conduction was recovered in 3 dogs (50%) in MSC group with shortened P-R intervals (0.96 +/− 0.22 s, mean +/− SD) during the 4-week observation, whereas no improvement was observed in control dogs. Stroke volume was lower in MSC group than that in control group (34.3 +/− 11.1 ml/p vs. 48.3 +/− 1.7 ml/p,  P    Conclusions:  Autograft of MSCs into AV annulus offers a promising therapeutic method for CAVB through improving cardiac conduction and cardiac output, although long-term stability and safety of the approach remain to be evaluated.
Socioeconomic determinants of health: Stress and the biology of inequality
Authors: E. Brunner
Journal: BMJ (1997)

It is well established that health depends on socioeconomic circumstances, but the biology of this relation is not well described. Psychosocial factors operating throughout the life course, beginning in early life, influence a variety of biological variables. Research with non-human primates shows the effects of dominance hierarchy on biology, and similar metabolic differentials are evident in a hierarchy of white collar civil servants. The neuroendocrine "fight or flight" response produces physiological and metabolic alterations which parallel those observed with lower socioeconomic status. The biological effects of the psychosocial environment could explain health inequalities between relatively affluent groups.
395. Safety of In Utero Gene Delivery of Lentiviral Vectors
Authors: Susan M. Kingsman, James E. Miskin, Pippa A. Radcliffe, Caroline V. Hacker, Daniel Chipchase, Nicholas D. Mazarakis, Kyriacos A. Mitrophanous
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
Lentiviral vectors hold great promise for the treatment of chronic diseases. Vectors based on the equine infectious anemia virus EIAV have shown long-term stable correction in models for Parkinson's disease, spinal muscular atrophy, spinal injury, motor neuron disease and diabetes insipidus. They have also been used to create transgenic chickens and pigs where gene expression is stable over several generations. A notable feature in all of these models is the long term expression and the long term safety (see references below).

We were concerned to learn of a study where a very early generation EIAV vector (SMART2 with the pONY3.1 packaging system) had been injected in utero in mice and the resulting pups had developed liver tumours (http://www.advisorybodies.doh.gov.uk/genetics/gtac/lentiviruses-1104.pdf).

We compared the properties and vector genome structure with other vectors, in particular HIV vectors, which had not had any side effects or tumours reported. In general, transduction efficiencies reported in mice with HIV vectors are lower than with EIAV, possibly due to the known host cell restriction. One hypothesis was therefore that the EIAV vectors had a higher number of integrations per cell providing an increased opportunity for insertional mutagenesis. There is nothing unusual about the integration properties of EIAV vectors. The findings to date show a preference for active regions of the chromosome but no particular bias to a location or to positions relative to a transcription unit. Furthermore some tumours had only one or two integrations. At present we believe that a role for insertional mutagenesis alone seems unlikely.

The SMART series of EIAV vectors contain an open reading frame in the WPRE that could in theory express a truncated form of the oncogenic X protein from the woodchuck hepatitis virus. This could potentially act as a weak oncogene (Kingsman et al 2005), particularly in the rapidly proliferating fetal tissues. Certain vector integrations could contribute to the promotion of the tumour and so it remains to be seen whether this truncated protein is either necessary and/or sufficient to cause tumours in this model.

We will present data on the integration characteristics of EIAV in cell lines and in transduced livers and liver tumours from the in utero studies. Our data lead us to favour the hypothesis that the X-like protein acts as an oncogene in this model. Clinical EIAV vectors do not express this protein and lack all extraneous viral sequences. Further studies are required to test all of these hypotheses in order to inform the further development of these vectors for in utero gene therapy.
BH3 activation blocks Hdmx suppression of apoptosis and co-operates with Nutlin to induce cell death
Authors: Mark Wade, Luo Wei Rodewald, Joaquín M. Espinosa, Geoffrey M. Wahl
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- July 20-23, 2008; Monterey, CA

A24 

The Hdmx protein restricts p53 activity in vivo and is overexpressed in a significant fraction of human tumors that retain the wild type p53 allele. An understanding of how Hdmx limits p53 activation and blocks apoptosis could therefore lead to development of novel therapeutic agents. We previously showed that Hdmx modulates tumor cell sensitivity to Nutlin-3a, a potent antagonist of the p53/Hdm2 interaction. In this report, we demonstrate that this also applies to MI-219, another Hdm2 antagonist. Thus, the inability to disrupt Hdmx/p53 complexes is a potential barrier to the efficacy of these compounds as single agents. We show that sensitivity to apoptosis in cells with high Hdmx levels is restored by combined treatment with Hdm2 and a Bcl-2 family member antagonist to activate Bax. The data are consistent with a model in which Hdmx attenuates p53-dependent activation of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, and that this occurs upstream of Bax activation. Thus, selectively inhibiting Hdm2 and activating Bax is one effective strategy to induce apoptosis in tumors with high Hdmx levels. Our findings also indicate that preferential induction of apoptosis in tumor versus normal cells occurs using appropriate drug doses.
Abstract 272: Significant Difference in Increase in Cerebral Saturation Between Patients with and Without ROSC During Prehospital Advanced Life Support
Authors: Cornelia Genbrugge, Ingrid Meex, Frank Jans, Cathy De Deyne, Willem Boer, Jo Dens
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction and Objectives:  During out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) monitoring possibilities are limited. Recently, the possible role of cerebral oximetry, using near infrared spectroscopy, during ALS was investigated. In this study we determined whether the extent of increase in cerebral saturation (rSO2) during ALS was associated with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during ALS.   Material and Methods:  With IRB approval, we prospectively measured rSO2 during ALS in consecutive OHCA patients. One sensor of the EquanoxTM 7600 (NONIN) was applied on patient’s forehead’s right side when the medical emergency team arrived in an out-hospital resuscitation setting. Monitoring was continued until the patient arrived at the ICU or when resuscitation attempt were discontinued. ROSC was defined as ROSC > 20 min.   Results:  Between December 2011 and November 2013, we included 49 patients of which 19 achieved ROSC. There were 8 male patients (42.11%) in the ROSC group compared to 23 male patients (76.67%) in the no-ROSC group (p = 0.032). Time between emergency call and start ALS was significant longer in the no-ROSC group (14 min (12-17.25) versus 12 min (8-15) in the ROSC group (p = 0.011). Age, initial rhythm, witnessed arrest and start of basic life support by bystanders was similar in both groups. The gradual increase from initial rSO2 value until ROSC or end of ALS efforts, was significantly larger in the group with ROSC (18% (15 - 33)) compared to the no-ROSC group (9.5% (4 - 15); p    Conclusion:  This study demonstrates that patients who will achieve ROSC have a steeper increase in rSO2 compared to patients who don’t achieve ROSC. This was moreover confirmed by a significant difference in rSO2 at the moment of ROSC compared to the same point (16min) in no-ROSC patients.
THE ACTION SPECTRUM OF 8-METHOXYPSORALEN FOR ERYTHEMA IN HUMAN SKIN..
Authors: H. W. BUCK, I. A. MAGNUS, A. D. PORTER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1960)

Journal Article THE ACTION SPECTRUM OF 8‐METHOXYPSORALEN FOR ERYTHEMA IN HUMAN SKIN.: Preliminary Studies with a Monochromator. Get access H. W. BUCK, H. W. BUCK Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. A. MAGNUS, I. A. MAGNUS Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. D. PORTER A. D. PORTER Institute of Dermatology, St. John's Hospital for Diseases of the Skin, London W.C.2 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 72, Issue 7, 1 July 1960, Pages 249–255, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1960.tb13887.x Published: 01 July 1960
Selective breast tumor growth suppression mediated by the enhanced breast cancer-specific promoter
Authors: Chi-Ping Day, Kun-Ming Rau, Mien-Chie Hung
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Current breast cancer (BC) treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy has low specificity for cancer cells, thus also damage normal tissues. Cancer-targeting gene therapy has showed great promise to minimize treatment side effects and the risk of developing resistance. To develop a specific promoter for BC-targeting gene therapy, we identified six candidate BC-specific genes from published gene expression profile data. The promoter of one of them was shown to possess BC-specific activity in vitro, and named as BCSP. Deletion mutant analysis showed that the minimal promoter of BCSP retained BC-specific activity. In order to increase promoter activity for clinical use in gene therapy, an enhancer sequence from a promoter known to have strong activity was connected to the minimal BCSP, and the construct was named enhanced BC-specific promoter, EBP. To determine the activity of EBP, we performed reporter assays in cell lines and an orthotopic BC xenograft mouse model. In mouse model, EBP activity was higher than that of CMV promoter in tumor, and less than 10% of CMV promoter activity in normal organs such as lung and heart. Similar results were seen in cell lines. These results suggested that EBP is a strong BC-specific promoter for gene therapy. To test its therapeutic efficacy, EBP was used to drive the expression of BikDD (Bik mutant with more potent pro-apoptotic activity). We found that this therapeutic construct, EBP-BikDD, selectively killed BC cells rather than normal breast epithelial cells, in in vitro viability assay. The therapeutic effect of the liposome-complexed EBP-BikDD was then evaluated in orthotopic BC xenograft mouse model through intravenously injection. EBP-BikDD suppressed tumor growth and extended the life span of tumor-bearing mice significantly. Moreover, in situ hybridization showed that both EBP and the CMV promoter drove mRNA expression of BikDD in breast tumors, but EBP induced much lower BikDD expression in normal organs (e.g. heart) than CMV did. In conclusion, we have developed a strong and highly specific promoter for BC-targeting gene therapy. This therapy effectively suppresses human breast tumor growth in animal model and is much less toxic for normal tissues than the CMV promoter, which is widely used in current cancer gene therapy.
Statistics notes: Calculating correlation coefficients with repeated observations: Part 2--correlation between subjects
Authors: J M. Bland, D. G Altman
Journal: BMJ (1995)

In earlier Statistics Notes1 2 we commented on the analysis of paired data where there is more than one observation per subject. It can be highly misleading to analyse such data by combining repeated observations from several subjects and then calculating the correlation coefficient as if the data were a simple sample.1 The appropriate analysis depends on the question we wish to answer. If we want to know whether an increase in one variable within the individual is associated with an increase in the other we can calculate the correlation coefficient within subjects.2 If we want to know whether subjects with high values of one variable also tend to have …
Abstract 14965: Pharmacological Targeting of the Hexosamine Biosynthesis Pathway (HBP) Overcomes Diabetes-Induced Impaired Myocardial Inotropic Responsiveness to α1-Adrenoceptor (α1-AR) Stimulation
Authors: Rebecca H Ritchie, Chengxue Qin, Rochelle S Sleaby, Leanne M Delbridge, Sarah Rosli, Amy J Davidoff, Susan A Marsh, John C Chatham
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Acute HBP upregulation is a cytoprotective mechanism in many tissues. In contrast, persistent unchecked HBP upregulation in the context of diabetes has emerged as a contributing factor to diabetic complications. Regulation of myocardial function by HBP in this context remains poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that targeting HBP overcomes impaired inotropic responsiveness to α1-AR stimulation in chronically diabetic myocardium (evaluated in isolated adult Sprague-Dawley male rat hearts ex vivo). Positive inotropic responsiveness to the α1-AR agonist phenylephrine (PE 10μM, in the presence of 0.1μM propranolol) 8wks after citrate vehicle was no longer evident after 8wks of streptozotocin-induced diabetes (55mg/kg iv). Indices included left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), LV developed pressure (LVDP), LV+dP/dt and rate-pressure product (RPP, see Figure). Dashed line indicates baseline LV function prior to PE (n/group on bars, *P<0.05 vs sham alone; ***P<0.001 vs diabetes alone, one-way ANOVA ...