tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract PR14: PTEN-Long and gemcitabine combination treatment as a therapeutic for pancreatic cancer
Authors: Roshan Ara Ahmed, Benjamin Hopkins, Carmine Palermo, Steve A. Sastra, Zachary Rapp, Ramon Parsons, Kenneth P. Olive
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract PTEN is the second most frequently altered tumor suppressor found in human cancer, and is downregulated in a majority of pancreatic tumors. PTEN-Long is an endogenously expressed translational variant of this tumor suppressor that is identical to PTEN with the exception of an additional N-terminal region that gives this variant the ability to cross the cell membrane. Purified PTEN-Long can be used therapeutically to restore lost PTEN function, and has provoked profound regressions in PTEN null xenograft models. Here we explore the effect of PTEN-Long therapy in pancreatic cancer, both in the presence and absence of endogenous PTEN. In preliminary data, we found that combining PTEN-Long with chemotherapy extended overall survival in a clinically predictive genetically engineered mouse model of PDA (K-rasLSL.G12D/+; p53LSL.R172H/+;PdxCre, called KPC). To explore PTEN-Long’s ability to enter various tissues we performed pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic experiments. We also utilized a surgical biopsy technique to obtain paired pre- and post-treatment tumor samples. These experiments demonstrated that PTEN-Long is able to alter canonical PTEN/PI3K signaling within pancreatic tumor tissues. Finally, we treated PTEN deficient mice (K-rasLSL.G12D/+; PTENFlox/+; PdxCre) with PTEN-Long in an attempt to model the therapeutic response of the ~5% of human pancreatic tumors that are genetically PTEN null. Longitudinal ultrasound imaging of the first of these mice suggests that these mice have more significant and prolonged regressions compared to KPC mice following PTEN-Long treatment. This abstract is also presented as Poster A86. Citation Format: Roshan Ara Ahmed, Benjamin Hopkins, Carmine Palermo, Steve A. Sastra, Zachary Rapp, Ramon Parsons, Kenneth P. Olive. PTEN-Long and gemcitabine combination treatment as a therapeutic for pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Innovations in Research and Treatment; May 18-21, 2014; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(13 Suppl):Abstract nr PR14.
Twilight of Dreams
Authors: Tom McFadden
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The concordance of estrogen and progesterone receptor status (ER-PR) and HER2/neu expression in DCIS coexistent with micro-invasive and invasive carcinoma.
Authors: R. Ali-Fehmi, Z. A. Nahleh, Q. Ahmed, S. Sethi, W. Sakr, Y. Hussein, M. Ibrahim, B. Albashiti, K. Hayek, S. Bandyopadhyay
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e21101 Background: Determining ER, PR and HER2/neu expression status in microinvasive carcinoma is often hampered by the lack of adequate microinvasive component on the additional tissue sections used for immunohistochemical (IHC) evaluation. Our objective was to correlate the IHC status of ER-PR and HER2/neu in a cohort of patients with coexistent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and invasive carcinoma (IC) including a subset of patients with microinvasive carcinoma (MIC). Methods: From our pathology archives, we identified 119 consecutive patients with the diagnosis of DCIS and coexistent IC/MIC between 2004-2006. The immunostains for ER/PR and HER2/neu were performed using established protocols and specific antibodies. For the purpose of this study, the H&E slides and the IHC stains for ER, PR and HER2/neu receptors were reviewed with the IHC stains evaluated according to the CAP/ASCO guidelines. Results: Our cohort included 100 patients with DCIS+IC and 19 with DCIS and MIC. Ninety-nine (99%) of the DCIS+IC cases exhibited concordance between the DCIS and IC components. This was true for the 51 cases with ER/PR+, HER2-, the 17 cases with ER/PR+ and HER2+, 12 cases with ER/PR- and HER2+ and 21 cases with ER/PR- and HER2-. While the ER-PR were concordant in the last case, HER2/neu was negative in the DCIS and positive in the invasive tumor. Only 8 of the 19 patients with DCIS and MIC tumors had adequate MIC component for IHC evaluation with 100% concordance for all 3 markers. Conclusions: Our data show a 99% concordance between the DCIS and IC and 100% concordance between DCIS and MIC. Despite the smaller number available in the MIC category, our results suggest that the minimally invasive disease is likely to mirror the ER-PR and HER2 neu status of its coexistent DCIS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 16489: Associations Between Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Levels and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Euthyroid Adolescents
Authors: Edmond P Wickham, Gary L Francis, Shumei S Sun
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: In adults, even subtle disturbances in thyroid function appear to be associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors; however, little is known regarding the rel...
Abstract P102: Risk of Incident Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus in Habitual Snorers and Sleep Apneic Individuals; The Multiethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Waqas Qureshi, Joseph Yeboah, Alain Bertoni, Gregory Burke, David Herrington, Capri Foy, Susan Redline
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Data regarding temporal association of sleep apnea and snoring with incident hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus(DM) are limited. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that sleep apnea and snoring are associated with incident HTN and DM. Methods: Participants of age 45 - 65 years from 4 ethnicities (Asian, Hispanic, African American and Caucasian) without known cardiovascular disease from Multi Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) were administered a sleep questionnaire. HTN was defined as being on antihypertensive medication or blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg. DM was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥126 mg/dL or use of antidiabetic medications. Participants with baseline HTN and DM were excluded. Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to evaluate the association of habitual snoring (defined as snoring on ≥3 days of week) and sleep apnea (self-report of diagnosis by doctor) with hypertension or diabetes. The analysis was adjusted for age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), exercise, education. Two separate analyses were performed after excluding hypertensives and diabetics at baseline. Results: Out of 6618 participants, 6206 responded to the sleep questionnaire. There were 213 (3.4%) participants with sleep apnea and 1481 (23.8%) were categorized as habitual snorers. 98% of participants reporting sleep apnea also reported snoring. There were 1364 (38.7%) cases of incident hypertension and 619 (11.3%) incident DM over a period of 10 years. Habitual snoring and sleep apnea both were not associated with incident HTN. Habitual snoring was also not associated with incident DM. Sleep apnea was independently associated with incident DM (see table). Conclusion: Despite potential misclassification of sleep apnea due to self -report, our study shows a strong association between sleep apnea and incident DM but not with incident hypertension. The findings support future research addressing role of sleep apnea in development of DM.
Abstract 17981: Regional Differences in Outcomes After Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation for In-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in the United States
Authors: Dhaval Kolte, Sahil Khera, Marjan Mujib, Chandrasekar Palaniswamy, Sowmya Pinnamaneni, Wilbert S Aronow, Sei Iwai, Paul Eugenio, Seth Lessner, Diwakar Jain, Sachin Sule, Ali Ahmed, Deepak L Bhatt, Gregg C Fonarow, Howard A Cooper, Julio A Panza
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Regional disparities in outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest have been described. However, whether such differences exist in outcomes after in-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) has not been well studied.   Objectives:  To determine if outcomes after cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for IHCA differ across geographic regions in the United States.   Methods:  We used the 2003-2011 Nationwide Inpatient Sample databases to identify all patients aged ≥18 years who underwent CPR (ICD-9-CM procedure codes 99.60 and 99.63) for IHCA. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to hospital region [[Unable to Display Character: –]] Northeast, Midwest, South, and West. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to identify differences in outcomes (survival to hospital discharge, neurological status, and total hospital cost) among the 4 regions.   Results:  Of 838,951 patients who received CPR for IHCA, 162,290 (19.3%) were in the Northeast, 159,777 (19%) in Midwest, 316,363 (37.7%) in South, and 200,522 (23.9%) in West. Compared to Northeast, patients in Midwest, South and West were more likely to have a primary diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, and ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation as the initial cardiac arrest rhythm (p   Conclusion:  We observed significant geographic variation in outcomes after CPR for IHCA within the United States. Differences in demographics, co-morbidities, and hospital characteristics do not completely explain the differences in outcomes. Further studies are needed to identify the factors responsible for these regional differences in order to improve outcomes after IHCA.
Correlation Between Mutation in P53, p53 Expression, Cytogenetics, Histologic Type, and Survival in Patients With B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Authors: Prasad R.K. Koduru, Karthik Raju, Veena Vadmal, Geetha Menezes, Shefali Shah, Myron Susin, Jonathan Kolitz, John D. Broome
Journal: Blood (1997)
Mbeki claims that AZT is dangerous
Authors: Pat Sidley
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The South African president, Thabo Mbeki, and the minister of health, Dr Manto Tshabalala-Msimang, have deepened a political storm about the well known antiviral drug zidovudine (AZT), developed and marketed by Glaxo-Wellcome.

The drug, which went through South Africa's drug regulatory system a decade ago, has been used since its registration with similar results and side effects to those experienced in other countries.

But within the last month, Mr Mbeki shocked the community lobbying for better prevention and treatment of HIV infection and AIDS by stating unequivocally that AZT was dangerous and asking the minister of health to launch an inquiry into …
Do Infections in Infancy Affect Sensitization to Airborne Allergens and Development of Atopic Disease?
Authors: Alf Backman, Fred Björkstén, Soili Ilmonen, Kaisu Juntunen, Ilpo Suoniemi
Journal: Allergy (1984)

We studied 145 children aged 7 years, who had been at day-care centers for at least 3 months during the 2 first years of their lives. The group was compared with a matched population of 145 children cared for at home. Of the 290 children, 212 participated in all phases of the study, which included a questionnaire to parents, skin prick tests with seven allergens, and a clinical examination. Day-care-center children had twice as much otitis media in infancy as "home" children (P less than 0.001), and they also tended to have more other infections. On the other hand, day-care-center children did not have more eczema in infancy, more cumulated atopic disease by the age of seven, or more positive skin tests than home children. When the groups were combined, an increased prevalence of cumulated atopic disease and positive skin tests was found in children with infections in infancy. We conclude that under the conditions of this study infections in infancy did not facilitate the development of hypersensitivity to allergens and atopic disease. The linked tendencies to develop infections and atopy could depend on some third factor.
Economics notes: Economic evaluation: an introduction
Authors: J. Raftery
Journal: BMJ (1998)

This is the first in a series of occasional notes on economics

Economic evaluation has increasingly become part of modern health care. Rising costs, often associated with new technologies, and spending limits have prompted a search for greater efficiency. This need to demonstrate the relative cost effectiveness of new health technologies has led some countries, specifically Australia,1 to make economic evaluation a requirement for public sector funding of new drugs. Furthermore, the American state of Oregon used economic evaluation in defining what services should be included in Medicare (although the rationing eventually implemented relied mainly on effectiveness rather than cost effectiveness2). This growing requirement to demonstrate the efficiency of new technologies means that economic evaluation is increasingly specified in research grants from both the NHS3 and pharmaceutical companies.

Economic theory, which takes private markets and rational individual decision making as the norm, has developed techniques—primarily cost benefit analysis —to evaluate programmes funded by the public sector. As the earliest forms of cost benefit analysis measured both …
The â€žfrequent exacerbator“ phenotype: Endothelial dysfunction and functional status
Authors: Andrea Vukic Dugac, Alen Ruzic, Sanja Popovic-Grle, Tajana Jalusic Gluncic, Ana Hecimovic, Miroslav Samarzija, Marko Jakopovic
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Acute exacerbations are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with COPD. Previous studies have suggested the presence of endothelial dysfunction in COPD patients, as well as the deterioration of endothelial function during exacerbations of COPD.  Aim: The aim of this study is to determine the existence of differences in endothelial disfunction and functional status between the two phenotypically distinct groups of COPD patients acording to frequency of acute exacerbation.  Methods: COPD patients were divided into two groups based on the frequency of exacerbations (41 „frequent“ and 41 „infrequent“ exacerbator) and a control group consisting of healthy smokers (35 smokers). All patients underwent clinical and functional evaluations : spirometry testing, 6 minute walk test, MMRC dyspnea scale and BODE index. Endothelin 1 (ET-1), a potent plasma marker of endothelial dysfunction, was measured in plasma.  Results: The study showed a statistically significant difference in the values of ET -1 between the „frequent exacerbator“ and infrequent exacerbator“ group (2.79 vrs 2.35, p=0,019) and also between „healthy smokers, „infrequent exacerbator“ and „frequent exacerbator“ group (1.33 vrs 2.35 vrs 2.79, p  Conclusion: The frequent exacerbator phenotype is characterized by significantly worse functional status as well as a higher degree of endothelial dysfunction.
Effect of Dietary Beef Fat on Intestinal Tumor Formation by Azoxymethane in Rats<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">2</xref>
Authors: N D Nigro, D V Singh, R L Campbell, M Sook
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Two groups of 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats each were given azoxymethane subcutaneously (8 mg/kg body wt) and fed a normal diet or one high in beef fat. Control groups were not given azoxymethane. The rats on the fat diet consumed less food and gained significantly more weight than the animals on the normal diet. Those given high fat and azoxymethane developed more intestinal tumors than did the dietary controls receiving the carcinogen. Furthermore, they had a greater number of larger tumors and more metastases than did the animals fed normally. No intestinal tumors were observed in control groups not receiving azoxymethane. The results show that the diet high in beef fat enhances the carcinogenic effect of azoxymethane in the rat.
Oriented EpCAM presentation improves detection of anti EpCAM antibodies
Authors: Andreas Nechansky, Susanne Grunt, Irmgard Froihofer, Oliver Scheiber, Susanne Wiederkum, Oliver Szolar, Cornelia Schwager, Helga Klug, Hans Loibner, Gottfried Himmler, Erich Wasserbauer, Alois Jungbauer, Astrid Duerauer, Manfred Schuster, Geert Mudde
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

4588 

The Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule (EpCAM) is over-expressed on most cancers of epithelial origin and therefore represents a valid target molecule for immunotherapy. IGN101, igeneon’s lead project in phase III studies, targets EpCAM positive cells by active immunization with the mouse mAb17-1A adsorbed to aluminumhydroxide. MAb17-1A is considered to be a mimotopic antibody, because it is specific for EpCAM and at the same time induces anti-idiotypic antibodies that are also specific for EpCAM, be it with low affinity. Using conventional ELISA and BIACore techniques also mAb17-1A is described as a low affinity anti EpCAM antibody. In this report we describe a new set up for the detection of EpCAM reactivity with both ELISA and BIACORE. The methods are using orientated presentation of recombinant EpCAM (rEpCAM), through its carboxyl terminal deca-histidine tag as immobilization site. Surface plasmon resonance data (BIACore) indicated that this orientated presentation of rEpCAM greatly improves mAb17-1A binding, probably by “unshielding” of the binding epitope, and the affinity of mAb17-1A should now be considered to be in the range of 2*10-8 Kd. The BIACORE set-up was transferred to an ELISA plate system and further optimized using a human anti-human EpCAM mAb, spiked into human serum. First results of the rEpCAM ELISA with serum from cancer patients show that also natural occurring anti-EpCAM antibodies are dependent on the correct orientation of the target antigen. We are currently comparing the results of the cancer patients to a control group of normal healthy human donors and in addition we will correlate the anti-EpCAM immune response induced by immunization with IGN101 to the results obtained after sequential affinity purification using a mAb17-1A coated column in the first step and rEpCAM coated CH-Sepharose 4B in the second step. Efforts to specify the epitopes of EpCAM, using overlapping linear peptides, which are recognized by the IGN101-induced immune response, are also ongoing.
Quantitative Studies of the Effects of Nitrogen Mustard Analogs and Other Alkylating Agents on Ascites Tumors in Mice
Authors: Hugh J. Creech, Evelyn Breuninger, Reed F. Hankwitz, Germaine Polsky, Mary Lou Wilson
Journal: Cancer Research (1960)

Abstract  Quantitative results are recorded of the influence of 140 compounds on the survival times of mice bearing three different types of ascites tumors. The majority of the compounds were new analogs of nitrogen mustard, 60 of which were synthesized at this Institute. These products were compared under standardized experimental conditions with several varieties of alkylating agents obtained from outside sources in order to develop a useful base for judging relative antitumor activities. Many interesting structure-activity relationships among molar activities, dosage ranges, and effectiveness against tumors were discovered. Most of the quinoline and acridine analogs (the so-called antimalarial-type nitrogen mustards) were extremely active from the standpoint of the low molar dosage requirement for the demonstration of a superior degree of antitumor effectiveness in this test. A few compounds displayed a somewhat better dosage range ratio than nitrogen mustard itself. Although almost all of the modifications in the carrier component permitted the retention of uniformly high antitumor activity, there were wide variations in molar dosage requirements; certain structural alterations, however, caused complete loss of biological alkylating ability.
Genome-Invading Parasite
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Benefits of Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Bladder Cancer
Authors: Christopher M. Booth, Ian F. Tannock
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

This Viewpoint reviews the convergence of evidence in support of adjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer and proposes that despite the lack of level 1 evidence it is time for perioperative chemotherapy for bladder cancer (neoadjuvant or adjuvant) to become standard of care.
Baicalein-induced growth inhibition and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor in human gastric cancer cells
Authors: Jui-Yu Chen, Chia-Jung Lee, Hsing-Mei Lin, Chew-Wun Wu, Chin-Wen Chi
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

2977   Gastric cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in Taiwan. At present, surgery is the main treatment for patients with resectable tumor, effective chemotherapy for gastric cancer patients is still under clinical trial. Baicalein is a flavonoid derived from the Scutellaria baicalensis which is a Chinese herbal drug used often in anti-inflammatory and anticancer therapy. It is well known that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) binding to its receptor (VEGFR) regulates gastric cancer progression and metastasis. The objective of this study was to determine whether baicalein inhibits the in vitro growth of human gastric cancer cells and its relation to angiogenesis. We found that baicalein inhibited the growth of SC-M1 gastric cancer cells in a time and dose dependent manner. Trypan blue and propidium iodide exclusion assays showed that baicalein-induced cytostatic effect. Flowcytometric analysis showed that the baicalein-induced growth inhibition of SC-M1 was not cell cycle dependent. RT-PCR and ELISA analyses revealed that baicalein treatment of SC-M1 cells resulted in an increase of the synthesis and secretion of VEGF. These results together with our observation that SC-M1 cells had VEGFR suggest that although baicalein has potential in growth inhibition of SC-M1 gastric cancer cells but its induction of VEGF synthesis and secretion may stimulate angiogenesis and autocrine growth of cancer cells.