tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
High-resolution cutaneous ultrasonography to differentiate lipoedema from lymphoedema
Authors: M. Naouri, M. Samimi, M. Atlan, E. Perrodeau, C. Vallin, G. Zakine, L. Vaillant, L. Machet
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Lipoedema is an accumulation of fat abnormally distributed in the lower limbs, and lymphoedema is oedema caused by a deficiency of the lymphatic system. High-resolution ultrasound operating at 20 MHz makes it possible to characterize dermal oedema.The purpose of our study was to demonstrate that high-resolution ultrasound imaging of the skin can differentiate lipoedema from lymphoedema.Sixteen patients with lymphoedema (22 legs), eight patients with lipoedema (16 legs) and eight controls (16 legs) were included. Patients with lipolymphoedema were excluded. Ultrasound examinations were carried out with a real-time high-resolution ultrasound device on three different sites for each lower limb. The images were then anonymized and examined by an independent dermatologist who was blind to the clinical diagnosis. A new series of images was examined by three dermatologists to check interobserver agreement.A significant difference in dermal thickness was observed between patients with lymphoedema and those with lipoedema and between patients with lymphoedema and controls. No significant difference in dermal thickness was shown between patients with lipoedema and controls at the thigh or ankle. Dermal hypo-echogenicity was found in at least one of the three sites in 100% of patients with lymphoedema, 12.5% of cases with lipoedema and 6.25% of the controls. Hypoechogenicity affected the entire dermis in all cases of lymphoedema except one. In cases of lipoedema and controls, hypoechogenicity was localized at the ankle and prevailed in the upper dermis. The expert correctly diagnosed all lower limbs with lymphoedema. No cases of lipoedema were diagnosed as lymphoedema. Exact interobserver agreement was excellent (0.98).High-resolution cutaneous ultrasonography makes it possible to differentiate lymphoedema from lipoedema. Obtaining a reliable diagnosis through high-resolution cutaneous ultrasonography might be valuable for improving the treatment of lipoedema and lymphoedema.
Leucocyte recruitment in rupture prone regions of lipid-rich plaques: a prominent role for neovascularization?
Authors: O de Boer
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1999)

Microvessels in atherosclerotic plaques provide an alternative pathway for the recruitment of leucocytes in the lesions. The present study was designed to investigate the potential role of these microvessels in creating vulnerable sites in atherosclerotic plaques.Thirty-four atherosclerotic plaques were obtained from 25 patients undergoing carotid endartherectomy (n = 16), femoral endartherectomy (n = 6) and aortic surgery (n = 12). Plaques were histologically classified as either lipid-rich (rupture prone, n = 21) or fibrous (stable, n = 13). Serial cryostat sections were immunohistochemically investigated using monoclonal antibodies against endothelial cells (ULEX-E and F-VIII), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), endothelial adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-Selectin, CD40) and inflammatory cells (macrophages (CD68) and T lymphocytes (CD3).The microvessel density in lipid-rich plaques was significantly increased as compared to fibrous plaques. Most of these vessels were located in the shoulder-region of the plaque and at the base of the atheroma. Microvessels in lipid-rich plaques also expressed increased levels of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-Selectin and CD40. Moreover, inflammation was most abundantly present in the proximity of microvessels. VEGF was only observed on vessels and mononuclear cells in lipid-rich plaques, suggesting that this factor may play a role in microvessels formation.Neovascularisation and expression of adhesion molecules by microvessels at sites of vulnerable lipid-rich plaques may sustain the influx of inflammatory cells and hence, could contribute to plaque destabilization.
The Environment for Children: Understanding and Acting on the Environmental Hazards that Threaten Children and Their Parents, by David Satterthwaite, Roger Hart, Caren Levy, Diana Mitlin, David Ross, Jac Smit, Carolyn Stephens
Authors: M. Carballo
Journal: BMJ (1997)

David Satterthwaite, Roger Hart, Caren Levy, Diana Mitlin, David Ross, Jac Smit, Carolyn Stephens Earthscan, £13.95, pp 30 ISBN 1 85383 326 6

The 20th century has seen remarkable progress in medical science. This, together with years of social and economic growth, has resulted in major improvements in public health. Even though the situation in most developing countries has lagged behind that of Western countries, infant mortality has nevertheless fallen almost everywhere and people are living longer than ever before.

To what extent the improvements experienced to date will continue, and whether they will be sustainable over a substantial period, is unclear. In most countries, but especially in many of the poorer ones, the past two decades have been years of economic crisis, and the task of maintaining and expanding health services has become increasingly difficult. Investments in health are decreasing just at a time when demands and needs are growing. Meanwhile, in …
Abstract 15944: The Natural History and Outcome of Left Heart Remodeling in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Authors: Marco A Magalhaes, Sa`ar Minha, Fang Chen, Ricardo O Escarcega, Israel M Barbash, Nevin C Baker, Zouyue Wang, Steven Goldstein, Frederico M Asch, Petros Okubagzi, Rebecca Torguson, Itsik Ben-Dor, Lowell F Satler, Augusto D Pichard, Ron Waksman
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Left heart remodeling after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is poorly characterized. Methods: Echocardiographic data were systematically collected from a prospective cohort of 311 individuals who underwent TAVR. We calculated left ventricular mass index (LVMi), left atrium diameter index (LADi), and relative wall thickness (RWT) at selected time points. Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was defined and further patients were assigned one of the following geometries: 1) Normal; 2) Concentric remodeling; 3) Concentric hypertrophy; and 4) Eccentric hypertrophy. Reverse remodeling (partial or complete) was defined as normalization of LVMi and/or RWT, and adverse remodeling as an increase in LVMi and/or RWT. The primary end-point was the LVMi and LADi longitudinal change assessed using mixed models. Secondary end-points included reverse or adverse remodeling incidence after TAVR, and VARC outcomes. Results: Among LVH patients, there was a significant decrease in LVMi (P<0.0001) that w...
Malignancies developing in obese patients with psoriasis while on antitumour necrosis factor-α therapies: a case series
Authors: M. Sadlier, A. Lally, B. Kirby
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Journal Article Malignancies developing in obese patients with psoriasis while on antitumour necrosis factor‐α therapies: a case series Get access M. Sadlier, M. Sadlier Department of Dermatology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland E‐mail: murielsadlier@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Lally, A. Lally Department of Dermatology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland E‐mail: murielsadlier@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Kirby B. Kirby Department of Dermatology, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland E‐mail: murielsadlier@gmail.com Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 167, Issue 4, 1 October 2012, Pages 937–938, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10947.x Published: 01 October 2012
Recipient Tumor Necrosis Factor- and Interleukin-10 Gene Polymorphisms Associate With Early Mortality and Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease Severity in HLA-Matched Sibling Bone Marrow Transplants
Authors: James Cavet, Peter G. Middleton, Miriam Segall, Harriet Noreen, Stella M. Davies, Anne M. Dickinson
Journal: Blood (1999)
Ultraviolet Solid-state Laser (213-nm) Photorefractive Keratectomy
Authors: Qiushi Ren, Gabriel Simon, Jean-Marie Parel
Journal: Ophthalmology (1993)

The pulsed ultraviolet 213-nm solid-state laser has been demonstrated as an alternative to the gas argon-fluoride 193-nm excimer laser for photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). The authors studied the clinical course and histopathologic changes occurring in rabbit corneas after PRK with a 213-nm solid-state laser.The 213-nm output of neodymium:YAG frequency-quintupled laser was used to create 5-mm optical zone ablations in seven pigmented rabbit corneas. The radiant exposure was 250 mJ/cm2 delivered through a computer-controlled scanning delivery system with a spot size of 0.5 mm. The target ablation was 4.0 diopters with an estimated ablation depth of 40 microns. A clinical estimate of corneal epithelial healing and stromal haze was made at intervals over the 3-month study period. Animals were killed immediately after ablation, or at 10 days, 1 month, or 3 months after ablation. Corneal tissue was preserved for light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy at each study interval.All corneas re-epithelialized within 10 days postoperatively. Anterior stromal haze was clinically visible at 3 days, increased until approximately 1 month, and then gradually decreased over the succeeding 2 months. Residual subepithelial haze was visible at 3 months. Results of histopathologic study documented normal epithelium healing over time; the basement membrane retained its regular thickness and hemidesmosomes were abundant at 3 months. The anterior stroma had an increased number of fibroblasts at 10 days, many of which remained until 1 month. A mild, transient, cellular reaction occurred throughout the thickness of the stroma and the endothelium.Using the 213-nm ultraviolet solid-state laser with a scanning delivery system, PRK shows a similar clinical course and histopathologic findings to the 193-nm excimer PRK study in rabbits. It is a clinically viable procedure for refractive surgery and requires further human clinical trails to determine its efficacy.
Junior doctors call for ballot on industrial action
Authors: Linda Beecham
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Representatives of the United Kingdom's 35 000 junior hospital doctors have rejected the latest pay proposals from the health departments and overwhelmingly called for a ballot of junior doctors members or the BMA unless the government improves its offer.

In September the Junior Doctors Committee (JDC) sent its leaders back to the negotiating table to push for a better deal (2 October 1999, p 869). The negotiators have spent many hours with officials, …
Doctors and nurses: changing family values?
Authors: C. Davies, J. Salvage, R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Next April Nursing Times and the BMJ will publish special joint issues on doctors and nurses working together. Both publications have explored the relationship before. Both are again keen to understand when the partnership works well, where it fails, and how it can be improved. As such, we are collaborating in assessing and editing articles for this joint theme issue. We welcome original research on doctors and nurses working together in different healthcare settings, highlighting how, where, and why good practice develops. We want to encourage reflections on bringing down barriers: What needs to change to make partnership a reality? Or ispartnership itself a misguided goal in the healthcare field?

Doctor, nurse, patient—these three roles have always been at the heart of effective health care. Understand them as a household, 19th century nurses were often told. The husband-doctor …
Epithelial cell transforming sequence 2 (Ect2) promotes G1/S cell cycle progression
Authors: Congju Zhu, Ting-Ting Wang, Shi Yuan Cheng, Meng Cheong Wong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

C77    Background:  The RhoGEF Ect2 is a proto-oncogene, which transforms NIH3T3 cells with high efficiency and is over-expressed in many tumors. The cellular mechanism of Ect2 oncogenic transformation is unclear. We studied Ect2 oncogenicity by defining its role in G1/S cell cycle progression.   Methods:  Human malignant glioma cells were synchronized to G 0 -phase (quiescence) by serum starvation. Cell cycle dependency of Ect2 expression was quantified at both transcriptional and translational levels. Effects of Ect2 on G1/S progression were studied by analyzing DNA content, BrdU incorporation, key G1/S signaling events and serum-independent growth.   Results:  Following serum repletion, Ect2 expression (mRNA and protein) was initiated after restriction point and significantly enhanced at G1/S border. Knocking-down of Ect2 (> 90%) significantly inhibited S-phase entry as demonstrated by > 23% reduction in DNA synthesis rate. In contrast, microinjecting Ect2 cDNA into quiescent cells markedly induced serum-independent BrdU incorporation. Ect2 expression positively regulated G1/S signaling by enhancing pRb hyperphosphorylation. Nuclear expression of endogenous Ect2 and key G 1  CDKIs (p21 and p27) was mutually exclusive and transient over-expression of Ect2 suppressed p21 and enhanced Cyclin D1 expression. Furthermore, stable over-expression of Ect2 enabled cells to undergo limited serum-independent growth (up to 4 days) and significantly enhanced the survival rate of cells growing under serum-free conditions. Varied G1/S progression rate was observed in cells transfected with different Ect2 cDNA fragments, which was significantly correlated (p  Conclusions:  Our data show that Ect2 promotes DNA synthesis and G1/S cell cycle progression which may underpin its oncogenicity.
552. Single-Chain Antibodies for Viral-Based Passive Immuno-Therapy for Prion Disease: Linear Epitope Mapping and Clearance from Thalamic Injection
Authors: Wentao Gao, Azaibi Tamin, Adam Soloff, Leonardo D'Aiuto, Edward Nwanegbo, Paul D. Robbins, William J. Bellini, Simon Barratt-Boyes, Andrea Gambotto
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The causative agent of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) has been identified as a new type of coronavirus. Here we have examined the ability of adenoviral gene transfer of codon-optimized SARS-CoV strain Urbani structural antigens spike (S) protein S1 fragment, membrane protein (M), and nucleocapsid protein (N) to induce broad immunity in the non-human primate. Six rhesus macaques were immunized intramuscularly with a combination of the three Ad5-SARS-CoV vectors and boosted on day 28. The vaccinated animals all had antibody responses against S1 and T-cell responses against the antigens. Importantly, all six vaccinated animals showed strong neutralizing antibody responses to SARS-CoV infection in vitro. These results demonstrate that an adenoviral-based vaccine can induce strong SARS-CoV-specific immune responses in the monkey, and hold promise for development of a protective vaccine against the SARS etiologic agent.
Monoblock appliance in children with obstructive sleep apnea is an effective treatment modality
Authors: Eser Capan, Eser Kiyan, Refika Ersu, Hulya Kilicoglu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

INTRODUCTION: Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a disorder of breathing during sleep characterized by prolonged partial upper airway resistance and/or complete obstruction that disrupts normal ventilation. OSA in pediatric population is estimated to be 2-3 %. Habitual snoring in a prevelance of 6-12 % is the primary symptom in pediatric population however apnea can be determined by only 10-30 % of these children. Mandibular retrognathia increases the risk of OSAS. It has been reported that anterior positioning mandibular appliances facilitates the treatment of disorder of breathing during sleep. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of anterior positioning monoblock appliance in the the treatment of OSA in children with retrognathic mandible.  MATERIAL and METHOD: Children who presented with retrognathic mandible were screened for snoring and children with habitual snoring underwent polysomnography. Monoblock appliances were applied to children who were diagnosed with OSAS. After the treatment (when mandibule could not be pushed back, in the dental class 1 relationship) second polysomnography was performed.  RESULT:There were 30 patients with retrognathic mandible and habitual snoring. 16 children (9 girls, 7 boys; age 9-14 years) were diagnosed with OSAS with polysomnography. Fifteen children had mild and one child had severe OSAS. After the monoblock treatment apnea-hipopnea index (AHI) decreased in all children (p  CONCLUSION: Reduction in AHI in all children with OSAS shows that the monoblock appliance can be an effective treatment option in the treatment of children with OSAS and retrognathic mandible.
Abstract 5573: p62/IMP2 promotes breast cancer cell progression
Authors: Yang Li, Bo Peng, Jing Ning, Wei Qian, Gulio Francia, Jianying Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Breast cancer is one of the major causes of cancer-related death for women throughout the world. Although the early detection of breast cancer is improving, the strategies available to treat the advanced stages of this disease remain limited. Therefore, the identification of key molecules that regulate the metastatic process is necessary to provide the rationale for further therapeutic interventions. The IGF2 mRNA-binding Protein 2 (IMP2/IGF2BP2/p62) is a member of the IMP family. Expression of IMPs in cancer cells is associated with cancer progression. Our previous studies showed that p62/IMP2 is overexpressed in breast cancer tissue compared to the adjacent normal breast tissue. However, the role of p62/IMP2 in breast cancer progression remains unknown. Here, we present evidence that transfection of p62/IMP2 into two p62/IMP2 negative cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7) increases 5 to 10 folds (P &amp;lt; 0.05) in-vitro wound healing and reduces 2 to 3 folds (P &amp;lt; 0.05) cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix. Unexpectedly, the overexpression of p62/IMP2 did not affect cell proliferation in our breast cancer cell lines. Our analysis shows that the overexpression of p62/IMP2 leads to increased c-myc expression in MDA-MB-231 cells but not MCF-7 cells at both the transcriptional and translational levels. In contrast, beta-catenin expression is increased by p62/IMP2 only in MCF7 cells. Since c-myc and beta-catenin gene products are important regulators of metastasis in breast cancer, and their increased expression is observed in our p62/IMP2 transfectants, our data suggests that p62/IMP2 may be an important mediator of breast cancer progression, although its mechanism of action may vary depending on the cellular context in which it is expressed. Citation Format: Yang Li, Bo Peng, Jing Ning, Wei Qian, Gulio Francia, Jianying Zhang. p62/IMP2 promotes breast cancer cell progression. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 5573. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-5573
Abstract 4553: Pre-Operative Brain Injury in Newborn Infants with Transposition of the Great Arteries Occurs at Similar Rates to other Complex Congenital Heart Disease, and is not Related to Balloon Atrial Septostomy
Authors: Julia Gunn, Lara Shekerdemian, Rod Hunt, Lee Coleman, Ayton Hope, Laura-Clare Whelan, Michael Kean, John Beca
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: Brain injury (BI) in the form of white matter injury (WMI) or ischaemic stroke, seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), is common in neonates with congenital heart disease (CHD). It has previously been suggested that balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) may be an independent risk factor for pre-operative BI in neonates with transposition of the great arteries (TGA). Hypothesis : We hypothesised that: 1. The incidence of BI is similar in neonates with TGA and other severe CHD 2. The risk of pre-operative BI is not increased by BAS Methods: Neonates with TGA, hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) or pulmonary atresia (PA) were enrolled in a prospective study of BI related to CHD. Pre-operative brain MRI was performed in all patients. In those with TGA who underwent BAS, MRI occurred after septostomy. T1, T2 and diffusion-weighted images were obtained in axial and coronal planes. Scans were reviewed by blinded assessors, and were classified according to WMI (punctate lesions) or ischaemic stroke. Fisher’s Exact Test was used to compare rates of WMI and stroke in each patient group. Results: Sixty-six neonates (mean weight 3.4±0.5kg) were studied, of whom 44 had TGA, 13 had HLHS and 9 had PA. The median age at MRI was 7 days (range 1–31). Thirty-five of the neonates with TGA underwent BAS a median of 1 day (1–21) followed by MRI 7 days (2–12) later. BI was present in 17 (26%) patients. The table shows the incidence of BI in the sub-groups. Two neonates with a stroke also had WMI. Table showing MRI abnormalities in patient sub-groups. Neonates with TGA were not at increased risk of pre-operative BI compared with those with HLHS or PA (p=1.0). BAS did not increase the risk of pre-operative BI in neonates with TGA (p=1.0). Conclusions: Pre-operative BI occurs at a similar rate in neonates with TGA and other severe CHD. The risk of pre-operative BI in neonates with TGA is not increased by BAS.
Alexithymia
Authors: Ira M. Lesser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

PATIENTS who present with vague, ill-described physical symptoms often pose difficult problems for primary care physicians. Many of these patients have long histories of somatic symptoms and poor responses to standard medical treatment. Physicians often react with feelings of frustration and anger, making it more difficult to provide adequate care. The psychiatric diagnoses for such patients usually fall into the major categories of the somatoform disorders, depressive disorders (including masked depression), anxiety disorders, and sometimes malingering.Some patients who respond poorly to medical interventions may defy placement in any established psychiatric diagnostic category. They may have a long-standing personality style . . .
Abstract 6077: Advanced "Vascular Age" in Children with Dyslipidemia
Authors: Joseph Le, Menees Spencer, David McCrary, Danna Zhang, Chen Jie, Geetha Raghuveer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Childhood obesity is a public health problem and its associated morbidities can result in advanced vascular age (VA). VA calculated using carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is advanced in obese ...