tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1781: Activation of a Protein Deacetylase, SIRT1, by Resveratrol Suppresses Progression of Heart Failure and Improves Survival by Up-Regulation of Mn-SOD
Authors: Masaya Tanno, Atsushi Kuno, Takayuki Miki, Tetsuji Miura, Yoshiyuki Horio, Kazuaki Shimamoto
Journal: Circulation (2008)

[Purpose] SIRT1, a protein deacetylase, induces cellular resistance against oxidatnt stress by deacetylating forkhead transcription factors and p53. However, the physiological significance of the protection and the role of endogenous free radical scavengers have not been clarified. Here, we examined involvement of Mn-SOD in the SIRT1-mediated protection and possible benefit of a SIRT1 activator, resveratrol (RSV), for suppressing progression of heart failure. [Methods and Results] First, capacity of SIRT1 to prevent oxidant-induced apoptosis and its mechanism were examined in cardiomyocytes. Apoptosis induced by antimycin A (AA, 30 μM), an oxidant stressor, was suppressed by transfection with wild-type SIRT1 (WT) (4.4±0.7%) compared with the control (40.4±5.5%), while deacetylase-inactive SIRT1 (H355Y) was not protective (38.0±8.1%). WT, but not H355Y, increased Mn-SOD by 3.7 fold, and knockdown of Mn-SOD by siRNA abolished both up-regulation of Mn-SOD and protection against AA. RSV (100 μM) significantly reduced acetyl-histone H3 level and mimicked the effect of WT on AA-induced apoptosis (26.5±4.8% vs. 11.5±1.1%). These effects were attenuated by siRNA-mediated knockdown of SIRT1, indicating that SIRT1 is required for the protection. Second, the effect of SIRT1 activation by RSV on heart failure was examined in TO-2 cardiomyopathic hamsters. Treatment with RSV (4 g/kg in chow) was commenced at the age of 6 weeks. Echocardiography was performed at 25 weeks, and determination of mRNA levels and immunohistochemistry were performed at 35 weeks. Compared with those in controls, LVEF was significantly better preserved (34.3±2.2% vs. 27.9±1.6%, p=0.02), Mn-SOD protein was increased by 32% (p=0.04), BNP mRNA level was reduced by 31% (p&lt;0.01) and interstitial fibrosis detected by fibronectin staining was decreased by 53% (p=0.02). Furthermore, Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that RSV significantly improved the survival of TO-2 hamsters from 7% to 27% during a 51-week follow-up period (n=29, Hazard ratio = 0.417, χ2 = 4.83, p=0.028 vs. control). [Conclusion] Progression of heart failure and death can be suppressed by activation of SIRT1 by the use of RSV, this being attributable to suppression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis by up-regulation of Mn-SOD.
Overview and trends in male grooming
Authors: P. Elsner
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

The use of cosmetics and medical cosmetic procedures by men has been widely ignored in dermatological research in the past, but it is finding increasing attention. As men are changing their habits and increasingly tend to use cosmetic products, the dermatologist will be asked for expert advice regarding efficacy and safety of cosmetics for male skin. For this service, dermatologists need to be aware of anatomical and physiological differences between male and female skin, about specific environmental stress factors affecting male skin, about cosmetic practices and product use especially regarding shaving, and about the counselling needs in men relating to protective cosmetic use.
Differential patterns of filaggrin expression in lamellar ichthyosis
Authors: None PEÑA Penabad, None PÉrez Arellano, None Becker, None Gutierrez DE Diego, None GarcÍA Salgado, None Valle, None Unamuno PÉrez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Lamellar ichthyosis (LI) is a rare genetic and congenital disturbance of keratinization that is phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous. Filaggrin is one of the major components of the stratum corneum situated in the protein matrix and the cornified envelope. In view of the heterogeneity of LI, this study aimed at exploring filaggrin expression in the skin of patients suffering from the disease. Epidermal filaggrin expression was determined using immunohistochemical techniques and Western blot in 12 patients with LI and the findings were compared with those observed in four normal controls and eight patients with ichthyosis vulgaris. With Western blot, six different patterns of filaggrin expression were detected. The patients with similar clinical manifestations showed a similar pattern, as did members of the same family. Overall, higher filaggrin expression in scales correlated with a better prognosis. In patients receiving retinoids no variations in filaggrin expression during treatment were detected. Our results suggest that LI is heterogeneous as regards filaggrin expression. Filaggrin could therefore be used as a prognostic marker as well as being a marker of the basic defect involved in LI.
The Case of the Missing Molars
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
α-2 macroglobulin polymorphism and Alzheimer disease risk in the UK
Authors: David J. Dow, Nicola Lindsey, Nigel J. Cairns, Carol Brayne, Damian Robinson, Felicia A. Huppert, Eugene S. Paykel, John Xuereb, Gordon Wilcock, Joanne L. Whittaker, David C. Rubinsztein
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)
Abstract 12640: Urine Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio Outperforms Other Biomarkers in Predicting Death
Authors: Rony Lahoud, Leslie Cho, Danielle Brennan
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Risk stratification plays an important role in evaluating patients with no known cardiovascular disease (CVD). Few studies have investigated the role of high-normal urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio as a predictive tool for mortality (normal range defined as &lt;30 mg/g). Our study aims to measure the relative effectiveness of a high-normal urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio in predicting mortality when compared to traditional biomarkers in a primary prevention population. Methods: 8123 consecutive primary prevention patients evaluated at the Cleveland Clinic Preventive Cardiology Clinic between January 1996 and September 2012 were included in the analysis. Of this patient cohort, 12% had diabetes while 43% had hypertension. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. Results: A urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio above the median (&gt;6 mg/g) independently predicts a 4.4-fold increase in death at 8 years (Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] 4.45 [2.56-7.73], p&lt;0.001). When compared to traditional biomarkers such as hsCRP, homocysteine, fibrinogen and lipids, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio was a better predictor of mortality with a C-index of 0.72. The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio also improved the predictive ability of the Framingham risk score components, with an increase in C-index from 0.77 to 0.84, and a Net Reclassification Index (NRI) of 64%. Conclusions: The urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio is a reliable predictor of mortality in a primary cardiac prevention population. In an era of rising medical costs, the urine albumin-to-creatinine could be used as a relatively non-costly predictor of mortality in this population.
Planning Medical Services for the End of Life—Reply
Authors: Joanne Lynn
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
“Health weather forecasts” to be piloted in England
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

“Health weather forecasts” are being piloted in five regions of England. The forecasts are being designed to give hospitals, bed managers, and GPs early warning of increases in illnesses that may be linked to changes in the weather—such as heart attacks, strokes, respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, and broken bones.

Although levels of ultraviolet sunlight radiation and pollen counts are included in some weather forecasts, this is thought to be the first time that comprehensive weather forecasts related to health have been developed.

Dr William Bird, an Oxfordshire GP and a keen weather enthusiast, has been …
Something to celebrate: The BMA and the NHS
Authors: C. Webster
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Charles Webster is official historian of the NHS. We invited him to look at the relationship between the BMA and the NHS since the NHS's beginnings

The inauguration of the National Health Service and its main anniversaries have been marked by solemn declarations of commitment by the main parties, but these figure less prominently in the collective memory than episodes of dramatic confrontation and interminable negotiations. Still fresh in the memory are the rows with Kenneth Clarke over the 1990 contract and the internal market reforms. Klein called these events “the biggest explosion of political anger and professional fury in the history of the NHS.”1 This was certainly the biggest of the many skirmishes that took place during the recent, eventful 18 years of Conservative government.

The radicalism and controversial character of the government's policies undoubtedly merited strong reaction, but it would be dangerous to conclude that the tangles with Kenneth Clarke were on an unprecedented scale. Indeed, it is arguable that the BMA possesses an unenviable record for assaults against the government of the day on matters great and small. Even periodic pay disputes, such as the one in the mid-1950s that led to the Pilkington commission on doctors' and dentists' pay, or the one resulting in the 1966 contract, were associated with menacing demonstrations of force on the part of the BMA.

Taking the past 50 years as a whole, it is arguable that the most concerted attack by the BMA occurred during the term of office of Barbara Castle, who in 1975 was embroiled in confrontations over pay, both the consultants' and junior doctors' contracts, and, most potent of all, the phasing out of pay beds. On one occasion the secretary of state was kept at the negotiating table from 4 pm to 7 am the …
Self-interest as self-fulfilling prophecy
Authors: Mark Van Vugt
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

The adoption of experimental methods from economics, in particular script-enactment, performance-related payment, and the absence of deception, will turn experimental social psychology into a trivial science subject. Such procedures force participants to conform to a normative expectation that they must behave rationally and in accordance with their self-interest. The self-fulfilling prophecy inherent in these procedures makes it more difficult to conduct innovative social-psychological research.
Abstract 893: Mining the circulating immune cell transcriptome for ovarian cancer-specific biomarkers: A proof of concept study
Authors: Shitanshu Uppal, Arvinder Kapur, Mildred Felder, Erin Medlin, Hadi Shojaei, Jesus Gonzalez-Bosquet, Manish S. Patankar
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The continuous interplay between cancer cells and immune system allows an opportunity to identify cancer-specific biomarkers in immune cells. Here, we compare the transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from advanced stage ovarian cancer patients and healthy donors in a proof-of-concept study to identify ovarian cancer-specific biomarkers. PBMCs were collected from patients undergoing surgery with the gynecologic oncology service. RNA was extracted from the PBMCs of five patients (training set) with confirmed diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer and 4 health donor blood samples. Microarray analysis using Illumina platform was conducted and analyzed using the R statistical package. After data normalization, differentially expressed genes in the two cohorts were identified controlling for false discovery rate at 5 and 10%. The top ten up- and downregulated genes were selected. Gene ontology and pathway analysis led to identification of a Candidate Biomarker Panel (CBP) comprising of five of the ten genes that were most likely to serve as biomarkers for ovarian cancer. Validation of the CBP was achieved using PBMCs isolated from a separate group of six patients and healthy donors (test set) was performed using qPCR and flow cytometry and in vitro culture experiments. Bioinformatics analysis identified 391 genes that were up-regulated and 599 that were down-regulated. A set of five genes with high biomarker potential and were included in the CBP. All of the CBP genes were differentially expressed by 3-5 fold (p&amp;lt;0.03) in the cancer patient PBMCs as compared to healthy donors. Validation results for the CBP were similar between the training set and the test set. Co-culture experiments indicated differential expression of the CBP genes in healthy donor-derived PBMCs co-cultured with cancer cells. Continuous cross-talk between immune cells and abnormal tissues leads to changes in the immune cell transcriptome and proteome in response to a pathologic state. We demonstrate that the transcriptome and proteome of circulating immune cells is a repository for ovarian cancer-specific biomarkers. Our on-going studies are focused on validating the CBP in a larger cohort of samples obtained from healthy donors, ovarian cancer patients and subjects treated for benign gynecologic anomalies. Citation Format: Shitanshu Uppal, Arvinder Kapur, Mildred Felder, Erin Medlin, Hadi Shojaei, Jesus Gonzalez-Bosquet, Manish S. Patankar. Mining the circulating immune cell transcriptome for ovarian cancer-specific biomarkers: A proof of concept study. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 893. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-893
CHANGING CONCEPTS OF DISEASE
Authors: K MENNINGER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Article1 August 1948CHANGING CONCEPTS OF DISEASEKARL MENNINGER, M.D.KARL MENNINGER, M.D.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-29-2-318 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn deciding what I as a psychiatrist might present to this representative body of internists, I considered several possibilities. I could talk about something which I understood fairly well but with which you are less familiar, such as the psychodynamics of schizophrenia. This might impress you with my expertness, but it would also probably puzzle you. Or I could talk about something which you know all about and I very little about, and this would amuse you. I could talk about something which we all know about, and this would bore you. So I concluded to talk about something which... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Topeka, Kansas*Presented before the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the American College of Physicians, San Francisco, April 19, 1948.†Manager, Winter Veterans Administration Hospital; and General Director, Department of Education, Menninger Foundation, Topeka, Kansas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Concept and Definition of Mental IllnessHomeopathyHomeopathyThe Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for BiomedicineThe Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for BiomedicineLabelling and drug effects in the treatment of neurotic affective disorders: an experimental investigationReferencesThe Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for BiomedicineThe Need for a New Medical Model: A Challenge for BiomedicineThe Doctor-Patient Relationship as a Diagnostic ToolTrauma and NeurosisSymposium 1955: Progress in orthopsychiatry.PROGNOSIS IN SOME PSYCHOSOMATIC DISEASES*HENRY W. BROSIN, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1 August 1948Volume 29, Issue 2Page: 318-325KeywordsSchizophrenia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract P029: Is Non-Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (NICM) Associated With Better Prognosis Than Ischemic Cardiomyopathy (ICM) in Heart Failure Patients?
Authors: Deepakraj Gajanana, Abel Romero-Corral, Mahek Shah, Parichart Junpapart, Vincent M Figueredo, Behnam Bozorgnia
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Past data suggest ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is associated with worse prognosis when compared to non-ischemic cardiomyopathy(NICM). With advances in heart failure management, this relationship deserves a fresh look. We hypothesize that all cause mortality from NICM is lower when compared to ICM over five year period. Methods: We retrospectively studied consecutive heart failure patients with left ventricular ejection fraction(EF) less than 35% admitted to Einstein Medical Center Philadelphia between 01/01/2007 to 12/31/2007. Data pertaining to patient demographics and clinical characteristics were obtained. All cause mortality was obtained at 5 years using hazard ratio to account for time to event. Results: The final cohort consisted of 360 patients of which 63%(224 of 360) had NICM. Mean age was 61±16 years for NICM and 66±11 yrs for ICM. African Americans constituted 83%(185 of 224) of NICM and 59%(80 of 136) of ICM. The clinical characteristics are as shown in the table. There were 160 deaths over the follow up period. Age, CKD, dyslipidemia and EF were significant predictors of mortality. ICM cohort had 81 deaths out of 136(60%) as compared to 85 out of 185((39%) in NICM over the follow up period. However, when adjusted for age, DM, CKD and days of follow-up, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups over the five year follow up period. Conclusions: In this study, there was no significant mortality difference between ICM and NICM. We also found that despite advances in heart failure management in the last two decades, in clinical practice they are under-utilized.
Counterfeit pharmaceuticals flood Russian market.
Authors: James Schofield
Journal: BMJ (2001)

International pharmaceutical manufacturers and Russian federal authorities say that an explosion of counterfeit drugs is seriously endangering the public health.

As much as 3.6% of all drugs in Russia are fake, the deputy minister of health, Anton Katlinsky, said at a recent press conference in Moscow. The health ministry reported 56 separate drugs and medicines counterfeited in 2000.

The Russian health ministry's announcement comes only a month after the US Food and Drug Administration launched an investigation into fake drugs on the US market (16 June, p 1443).

Most of the fake drugs in Russia are high volume, low cost antibiotics, which turn an enormous profit when copied in bulk. They are also far easier to introduce …
157. Clinical Evaluation of Pain and Muscle Damage Induced by Electroporation of Skeletal Muscle in Humans
Authors: Rune Kjeken, Torunn Elisabeth Tjelle, Dag Kvale, Iacob Mathiesen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Studies in animal models ranging from mice to nonhuman primates have demonstrated intramuscular injection of naked DNA followed by electrical stimulation (electroporation) to be an efficient mean for non viral delivery of DNA in vivo. However, in order to take electroporation from the bench to the clinic, safety issues such as muscle damage and pain associated with the procedure needs to be solved. Here we report results from the first clinical safety trials to access pain and muscle damage induced by electroporation of human skeletal muscle. Electroporation was performed in the absence of a drug, and to evaluate the method potential in gene therapy/DNA vaccination in humans. Six healthy voluntaries where injected with saline in the quadriceps followed by electroporation. Single pulses or series of mono or bipolar pulses were delivered. The electroporation induced sensation was measured on a pain scale from 1–10. Muscle damage was assessed by measuring release of creatin kinase and lactate dehydrogenase. No clinical safety concerns were found and no long lasting muscle damage was observed. The results from this initial study indicates that electroporation in the tested voltage range is painful but tolerable and thus feasible in humans. The tested volt range and pulse patterns have been shown to be effective for DNA delivery and for elicting immune responses in larger animals.
Human-to-human transmission of avian influenza A/H7N7, The Netherlands, 2003
Authors: M Du Ry van Beest Holle, A Meijer, M Koopmans, C M de Jager
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus subtype H7N7 began in poultry farms in the Netherlands in 2003. Virus infection was detected by RT-PCR in 86 poultry workers and three household contacts of PCR-positive poultry workers, mainly associated with conjunctivitis. To determine the magnitude of and risk factors for human-to-human transmission of influenza A/H7N7 in the Netherlands, a retrospective cohort study among household members of infected poultry workers was undertaken. In total, 33 (58.9%) of 56 (among 62) participants who provided blood samples had positive H7 serology, using single convalescent serum samples obtained at least 3 weeks after onset of symptoms of the index case. Eight household members (12.9%) reported symptoms (conjunctivitis and/or ILI), of which four of five (80.0%) tested seropositive. On univariate analysis, significant risk factors for seropositivity included having at least two toilets, a pet bird, and using cloth handkerchiefs. It was not possible to obtain a stable model for binomial regression for the outcome of A/H7N7 infection. Further seroprevalence studies among contacts of asymptomatic H7 cases should be conducted.