tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Parathyroid Hormone and Its Fragments in Rat Tissues
Authors: Pierre D'Amour, Gino V. Segre, Sanford I. Roth, John T. Potts
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

After intravenous injection of [125I]-iodo-parathyroid hormone in the rat, uptake of the hormone was greatest in the liver and kidneys. Uptake was rapid, reaching a maximal concentration by 4 and 8 min, respectively. Extracts, prepared from both these organs at intervals soon after the injection of intact hormone, showed three main radioactive peaks when samples were subjected to gel filtration under protein-denaturing conditions. The first peak coeluted with intact hormone. The second eluted at a position corresponding to the carboxy-terminal fragments previously described in plasma, and the last eluted at the salt volume of the column. Microsequence analysis of the radioiodinated fragments, a method that has proved valuable for chemically defining the circulating fragments resulting from metabolism of injected hormone, showed that extracts of liver and kidney, prepared at 4 and 8 min after injection of the intact hormone, contained different fragments. The radioiodinated fragments in liver extracts were identical to those previously reported in the plasma of rats and dogs, fragments resulting principally from proteolysis between positions 33 and 34, and 36 and 37 of the intact hormone. Although the same fragments were also present in the kidneys, they constituted less than 15% of the amount present in the liver. More than 50% of the labeled renal fragments consisted of a peptide whose amino-terminal amino acid was position 39 of the intact hormone, a fragment not present in plasma. The rate of appearance of radioiodinated fragments that were chemically identical to those in plasma was more rapid in the liver than in plasma. Correlation of these chemical analyses with studies of the localization of 125I by autoradiography showed that at the times when the intact hormone and the carboxy-terminal fragments comprised nearly all of the 125I-labeled moieties in the tissues, the proximal convoluted tubules of the kidney and sinusoidal lining cells of the liver, which probably are Kupffer cells, contained the highest concentration of 125I. Preferential localization of immunoreactive parathyroid hormone to these tissue sites also was shown by immunoperoxidase staining in studies with unlabeled hormone. Our results suggest that, unless multiple renal mechanisms are present for release of hormonal fragments, one of which releases the circulating fragments preferentially, the liver, rather than the kidney, is principally responsible for generating the carboxy-terminal fragments in plasma after injection of intact hormone, and the Kupffer cells may contain the enzymes that hydrolyze parathyroid hormone.
Effect of an Antimicrobial Agent on Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Satoru Ohshima, Shinichiro Fujimoto, Artiom Petrov, Hironori Nakagami, Nezam Haider, Jun Zhou, Nobuhiro Tahara, Mariana Kiomy Osako, Ai Fujimoto, Jie Zhu, Toyoaki Murohara, D Scott Edwards, Navneet Narula, Nathan D Wong, Y Chandrashekhar, Ryuichi Morishita, Jagat Narula
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Abstract 3254: Effectiveness of Surgical Ventricular Restoration in Patients With Different Shape Abnormalities following Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Marisa Di Donato, Serenella Castelvecchio, Claudio Bussadori, Francesca Giacomazzi, Matteo Quarenghi, Lorenzo Menicanti
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Myocardial infarction leaves a spectrum of LV shape abnormalities. Surgical Ventricular Restoration(SVR) can be applied to any but there are no data that relates its effectiveness to pre-op LV shape. Aim. To assess cardiac function and survival following SVR in patients with different post-MI shape abnormalities. Methods. Ninety-eight patients (69 ± 9yrs) submitted to SVR for heart failure and/or angina. LV shape was classified by Echo 2CH: Type 1 ( true aneurysm): LV shape is geometrically delimited by two “borders” identified by an abrupt change in curvature; Type 2 ( Intermediate ): shape is delimited by one “border” most often at the inferior region; Type 3 ( dilated cardiomyopathy ): LV shape is without borders ( i.e. the curvature is flattened along the overall LV perimeter). Results. Average FUP was 23 ± 13 months. Table 1 and Graph show that all types benefit from SVR and survival is not significantly different. Conclusions. This study relates the effectiveness of SVR to shape abnormalities and demonstrate that results are good not only in the true aneurysm but also in dilated cardiomyopathy (type 2 and 3).
Osteomyelitis AND Compound Fractures AND Other Infected Wounds; Treatment BY THE Method OF Drainage AND Rest.
Authors: Hiram Winnett Orr
Journal: JAMA (1929)

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Diagnosis and incidence of acute promyelocytic leukemia (FAB M3 and M3 variant) in childhood [letter]
Authors: A Cantu-Rajnoldi, A Biondi, M Jankovic, G Masera, A Rovelli, C Uderzo, D Head, S Raimondi, V Creutzig, J Ritter
Journal: Blood (1993)
Abstract 14716: The Arterial Switch Operation for Complex Transposition of the Great Arteries: 20 Years After
Authors: Alban-Elouen Baruteau, Virginie Lambert, Andre Capderou, Dominique Piot, Bertrand Stos, Lucile Houyel, Regine Roussin, Emmanuel Le Bret, Mohamed Ly, Jerome Petit, Emre Belli
Journal: Circulation (2012)

The arterial switch operation (ASO) is the procedure of choice for treatment of all forms of transposition of the great arteries (TGA) including complex forms associated with ventricular septal def...
Abstract 34: Survival and Neurological Outcome of Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest in Los Angeles County: Preliminary Results After Regionalization of Care
Authors: Nichole Bosson, Marc Eckstein, Gene Sung, William Koenig, Amy Kaji, William French, David Shavelle, Jay Thomas, Deidre Gorospe, Paula Rashi, Richard Tadeo, Jim Niemann
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objective: Post-resuscitation care of cardiac arrest patients at specialized centers may improve outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OOHCA). The purpose of this study was to describe recent experience with regionalized care of resuscitated patients in a large metropolitan area and compare it to earlier reported outcomes. Methods: Los Angeles County established regionalized cardiac care in 2006 with a total of 33 designated STEMI receiving centers (SRC) throughout the county. Since 2010, county-wide protocols mandate transport of all OOHCA patients of presumed cardiac etiology with return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in the field to a SRC with an established hypothermia protocol. All SRCs treating ROSC patients report the in-hospital mortality and neurologic outcome of these patients to a single registry maintained by the LA County Emergency Medical Services Agency. We report the preliminary results of the first 8 months after this policy change, with the primary outcome variable of neurologically intact survival at hospital discharge, as defined by a Cerebral Performance Category (CPC) score upon hospital discharge of 1 or 2. Results: There were 663 patients with field ROSC reported by the SRCs. Of these, 110 (17%) died in the emergency department (DOA), and 66 (10%) were awake and responsive upon hospital arrival, leaving 487 patients included in the study analysis. Of these patients, VF was the initial rhythm in 143 (29%), of whom 36 (25%) survived to hospital discharge (SHD) with a CPC score of 1 or 2. 108 (76%) patients with shockable rhythms received therapeutic hypothermia (TH), of whom 32 (30%) had neurologically intact SHD. In the TH group, the OR for CPC 1 or 2 in patients with an initial shockable rhythm was 3.3 (95%CI 1.1-9.5, p = .04), compared with those who did not received TH. In contrast, the SHD rate in Los Angeles in 2001 for a witnessed arrest with a shockable rhythm was 6%. Conclusion: These results suggest that regionalization of post-resuscitation care improves the rate of neurologically intact survival from OOHCA.
Managing patients with deliberate self harm who refuse treatment in accident and emergency departments
Authors: A. Hull, F. Haut, E. Feldman, W. Bingley, T. Hassan, A. MacNamara, G. Bodiwala
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—In their lesson of the week on managing patients with deliberate self harm who refuse treatment in the accident and emergency department Hassan et al recommend that doctors must be fully conversant with the law on assessing capacity to consent to treatment and its application.1 It is equally important in these difficult cases to be familiar with the application of the Mental Health Act 1983 or Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1984, which Hassan et al seem not to be. They state: “If the overdose is considered to be a consequence of a mental disorder then the patient can also be treated medically for the overdose under the terms of the Mental Health Act.” This statement is reiterated in their proposed algorithm, recommended for use at accident and emergency departments. This is simply not the case.

The Mental Health Act is for the treatment of mental disorders. It does not authorise the treatment of a physical disorder even if it arises as a consequence of a mental disorder. Therefore the Mental Health Act is of no help in the immediate medical management of patients presenting with deliberate self harm and refusing treatment, other than to permit detention in hospital if the patient is considered to be suicidal as a result of mental disorder.

Treatment for the overdose will remain under common law based on assessment of competency to refuse treatment and the need to preserve life.

The Mental Health Act states that treatment can be administered only if a patient is not capable of giving informed consent, provided that it is in the patient’s best interest, is urgently necessary, and is in accordance with a practice accepted at the time by a responsible body of medical opinion skilled in the particular form of treatment in question.2 A study by the MacArthur group found that only a minority of psychiatric patients had significant impairment in ability to provide valid informed consent for treatment.3

The advice of Hassan et al and their algorithm require correction.
Abstract 1658: The Citrus Flavonoid, Naringenin Corrects the Dyslipidemia and Improves Insulin-Sensitivity in High-Fat Fed LDLR-/- Mice
Authors: Emma M Allister, Erin E Mulvihill, Brian G Sutherland, Dawn E Telford, Cynthia G Sawyez, Jane Y Edwards, Robert A Hegele, Murray W Huff
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Clinical and immune responses of WT1-peptide vaccination in patients with acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: U. Keilholz, A. Letsch, A. Asemissen, W. Hofmann, L. Uharek, W. Blau, E. Thiel, C. Scheibenbogen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

2511 Background: The transcription factor Wilms tumor protein (WT) 1 belongs to a new generation of tumor antigens, as it is essential for tumor cell proliferation. WT1 is highly expressed both in myeloid leukemias and many carcinomas. This phase 2 proof-of-concept trial was initiated to determine immunogenicity and toxicity of vaccination with a novel HLA-A2-restricted WT1 peptide vaccine. Methods: Sixteen HLA-A2-positive patients with acute myeloid leukemia and one patient with myelodysplasia received 3–18 vaccinations (median 8) of WT1. 126–134 peptide (0.2 mg) together with the T helper protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (1 mg) and in addition GM-CSF (75 mcg for four days) and. Twelve patients had elevated blast counts at study entry and 5 patients complete remission with high risk for relapse. Results: Six of 12 patients with presence of leukemic blasts had evidence of antileukemic activity. One patient achieved complete remission for 12 months. The patient with myelodysplasia RAEB II had a major response of neutrophils and platelets. Two patients had minor responses with transient clearance of peripheral blasts or improvement of hematopoiesis, and two patients achieved disease stabilization for 3 and 14 months. WT1 transcripts as molecular disease marker decreased in 5 of these 6 patients and also in 4 of 5 high-risk patients. No significant toxicity occurred. The generation of a WT1-specific T cell response in peripheral blood and bone marrow was detected in 9 of 13 patients by tetramer analysis and 8 of 13 patients by intracellular cytokine staining. Conclusion: These results show that WT1 vaccination can induce functional T cell responses associated with antileukemic activity and warrant trials of WT1 vaccination in patients at high risk of relapse and with WT1-expressing carcinomas. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 17206: Screening for Aortic Aneurysm Using Non-contrast Computed Tomography is Invalid Even in a High-risk Population: Asian Perspectives
Authors: In-Jeong Cho, Sung-Yeol Chang, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Tae Hyun Kim, Sanghoon Shin, Chi Young Shim, Geu-Ru Hong, Namsik Chung
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Efficacy of non-contrast computed tomography (CT) for screening of thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is not well established. We studied prevalence of a...
A Novel Five-Transmembrane Hematopoietic Stem Cell Antigen: Isolation, Characterization, and Molecular Cloning
Authors: Sheri Miraglia, Wayne Godfrey, Amy H. Yin, Kristin Atkins, Roger Warnke, Jeannine T. Holden, Robert A. Bray, Edmund K. Waller, David W. Buck
Journal: Blood (1997)
605. The Infusion of Suicide Gene-Modified Donor T Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Prompts Thymic Renewal in Adult Patients by an IL-7 Dependent Mechanism
Authors: Giacomo Oliveira, Luca Vago, Maddalena Noviello, Corrado Soldati, Domenico Ghio, Immacolata Brigida, Alessandro Aiuti, Maria Teresa Lupo Stanghellini, Jacopo Peccatori, Attilio Bondanza, Alessandro Del Maschio, Claudio Bordignon, Fabio Ciceri, Chiara Bonini
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)
Abstract 10128: NT-pro C-type Natriuretic Peptide is a Novel Urinary Biomarker with Prognostic Value in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients Independent of Glomerular Filtration Rate
Authors: Rosita Zakeri, Sharon M Sandberg, Denise M Heublein, S. J Sangaralingham, John C Burnett
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: The relative utility of novel renal biomarkers in diagnosis or risk stratification in hospitalized heart failure (HHF) patients remains poorly defined. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) ...
Psychiatry and torture.
Authors: Per Knudsen
Journal: World Psychiatry (2006)

I would like to add to Julio Arboleda- Florez's excellent discussion of the problem of psychiatric participation in interrogations. There is considerable international support for asking psychiatrists and other physicians not only to decline to participate in torture and related practices, but also to speak out vigorously against its use by governments.

While medical ethics surely disapproves such practices, they are also widely condemned in other quarters. For example, in its aspirational  of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment, the United Nations General Assembly, after asserting that no person under any form of detention or imprisonment shall be subject to torture or to cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment, adds in a note: The term 'cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment' should be interpreted so as to extend the widest possible protection against abuses, whether physical or mental, including the holding of a detained or imprisoned person in conditions which deprive him, temporarily or permanently, of the use of any of his natural senses, such as sight or hearing, or of his awareness of place and the passing of time (1).

In addition, the Body of Principles requires that no detained person while being interrogated shall be subject to violence, threats or methods of interrogation which impair his capacity of decision or his judgement (1).

Psychiatrists are in a unique position to understand and communicate the importance of these principles and should denounce torture strongly in every possible venue. As Sagan and Jonsen (2) observed, because the medical skills used for healing can be maliciously perverted with devastating effects on the spirit and the body, it is incumbent upon the medical profession and upon all of its practitioners to protest in effective ways against torture as an instrument of political control. This is even more urgently true today than when it was written thirty years ago.
Abstract 17498: PKA is the Canonical Mediator of “Fight-or-flight” Response of the Heart
Authors: Xiaoying Zhang, Mingxin Tang, Xiaojie Ai, Christopher Szeto, Xiang Hua, Xiongwen Chen
Journal: Circulation (2011)

β-adrenergic system is the major system regulating cardiac function under “fight-or-flight” situations. Recently it has been reported that PKA-independent mechanisms such as exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (EPAC) and PKA-independent activation of Ca/calmodulin dependent kinase II (CaMK II) also play a role in the “fight-or-flight” response (FFR). To study the relative contribution of PKA, CaMK II and EPAC to the FFR, transgenic mice (4m) with specific inhibition of PKA (PKI) and myocytes were used to determine cardiac or myocyte responses to β-adrenergic stimulation. Results: 1 . PKI was fully expressed at the age of 4 months and did not interfere with the production of cAMP induced by β-AR stimulation and the activation of CaMK II by high extracellular Ca, indicating no alteration of the components of β-AR/Gs/AC signaling pathway; 2 . ECHO showed that at baseline, the fractional shortening (FS: PKI: 38.7±1.5%; ctr: 39.0±2.1%) and ejection fraction (EF: PKI: 66.8±3.2%; ctr: 68.9.0±4.1%) were not significantly different between groups; ISO increased heart rate (HR: ctr: from 412±11bpm to 613±23bpm; PKI: from 425±13bpm to 430±21bpm), EF (ctr: 85.6±3.3%; PKI: 70.8±2.9%) and FS (ctr: 57.0±4.5%; PKI: 39.5±2.7%) in ctr but not in PKI mice. 3 . At baseline, maximal dp/dt (ctr: 6980±197mmHg/s; PKI: 7204±200mmHg/s) and minimum -dp/dt (ctr: -6248±214mmHg/s; PKI: 6587±304mmHg/s) were not different; ISO increased the HR, dp/dt (ctr: 1298±246mmHg/s; PKI: 7264±156mmHg/s) and -dp/dt (ctr: 7588±390mmHg; PKI: -5607±414mmHg) in ctr but not in TG mice. 4 . ISO increased Ca current, contraction, Ca transient and SR Ca content in ctr myocytes but not in TG myocytes. 5 . The phosphorylation of phospholamban at the PKA site (ser16) and CaMK II site (thr17) induced by ISO was blocked by PKI but not in ctr hearts, indicating that CaMK II is downstream to PKA. 6 . An EPAC activator, 8-cp-TOME-AM, could not increase cardiac performance of Langendorff perfused PKI hearts although it did slightly enhance cardiac function of ctr hearts, maybe due to its inhibitory effects on phosphodiesterases. Conclusion: PKA and its downstream CaMK II are the mediators of the “fight-or-flight” responses. Other PKA-independent pathways may not play a significant role.
Abstract 13020: Induced Connexin43 Knock-Out Impairs Myocardial Energetic Metabolism, Increases Tolerance to Ischemia-Reperfusion and Abolishes Preconditioning Protection
Authors: Antonio Rodriguez-Sinovas, Jose A Sanchez, Ignasi Barba, Elisabet Miro-Casas, Celia Fernandez-Sanz, Marisol Ruiz-Meana, David Garcia-Dorado
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Replacement of connexin43 (Cx43) by Cx32 in Cx43KI32 mice alters energetic metabolism, increases tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury and abolishes preconditioning protection. However, it has not been excluded that these effects are due to secondary changes in gene expression or to the presence of Cx32. Here, we analyzed the effects of an extreme, acute, reduction in the number of gap junction channels after 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) treatment in Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl mice on energetic metabolism, tolerance to ischemia-reperfusion injury and preconditioning protection. Methods and Results. Treatment with 4-OHT in Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl mice markedly reduces Cx43 expression to less than 5% of that seen in Cx43fl/fl animals treated with vehicle. Isolated, Langendorff-perfused, hearts from Cx43Cre-ER(T)/fl mice treated with 4-OHT showed an increased tolerance to ischemia (40 min)-reperfusion (60 min) injury compared with remaining groups (p<0.01, n=8-9/group) (see figure), whereas protection by pharmacological pre...
Abstract 1523: Pim-1 Regulates Cardiomyocyte Survival Downstream of Akt
Authors: John A Muraski, Jenna Fransioli, Natalie Gude, Joshua Martindale, Christopher Glembotski, Nancy Magnuson, Anton Berns, Mark A Sussman
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Serine/threonine kinases including Pim-1 and Akt are involved in regulation of cellular proliferation and survival but, although Akt is known to be a critical kinase in myocardial signaling, the ro...
First In Europe International Cooperation For Clinical Use Of Wharton Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Dominika Gladysz, Katarzyna Pawelec, Iwona Czaplicka, Magdalena Murzyn, Artur Olkowicz, Tomasz Oldak, Jakub Baran, Dariusz Boruczkowski
Journal: Blood (2013)