tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive-ventilation in H1N1 acute respiratory failure in emergency department: A case series
Authors: Elena Prina, Francesco Nicoli, Giulia Marullo, Valter Monzani, Stefano Aliberti, Federico Piffer, Clara Mandelli, Anna Maria Brambilla, Roberto Cosentini
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  The recent ERS/ESICM guidelines do not recommend the use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with severe pneumonia caused by H1N1 infection.   Methods:  We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 9 consecutive patients with acute respiratory failure due to H1N1 virus, admitted to the Emergency Department of Fondazione IRCCS Ca9 Granda Policlinico (Milan, Italy), between January 1 and February 20, 2011.   Results:  Patients were predominantly male (66%), mean age was 55 years (range 34-79).7/9 patients had one or more risk factors for severe H1N1 infection: obesity, chronic pulmonary disease, onco-haematologic disease, age ≥65 years. All patients presented with high fever (>38°C), cough, dyspnea and multifocal bilateral consolidations on chest X ray. 6/9 patients developed ALI, 2/9 patients presented with ARDS. All patients received oseltamivir and empirical antibiotic therapy. 7/9 patients were immediately treated with NIV (6 CPAP, 1 BiLevel). 5/7 patients developed severe sepsis; no patients showed signs of septic shock or needed inotropic support. One patient needed endotracheal intubation. Only one patient died for acute respiratory failure due to nosocomial infection, all the others were discharged after a mean of 17 days (range 4-34).   Conclusions:  NIV was successfully applied in the majority of patients (6/7), and only one patient needed endotracheal intubation. Our data suggest that in particular settings with staff experienced with NIV, high monitoring level and rapid access to intubation and ICU, early NIV could be an option to improve oxygenation in acute respiratory failure due to Influenza A H1N1 infection.
Intravenous Once-Daily BuCy 2 With Pharmacokinetic (PK)-Guided Dose Adjustment As Conditioning Regimen For AML Patients In First Complete Remission
Authors: Felipe Suarez, Philippe Bourget, Emilio Paolo Alessandrino, Mario Regazzi, Gérard Socié, Mauricette Michallet, Jérôme Guitton, Sebastien Wittnebel, Angelo Paci, Didier Blaise, Bénédicte Devictor, Ana Berceanu, Véronique Kemmel, Jorge Sierra, Maria Estela Moreno Martinez, Ambroise Marcais, Alexandre Amin, Anna Amelia Colombo, Francesco Ripamonti, de Latour Régis Peffault, Nathalie Dhedin, Alienor Xhaard, Hélène Labussière-Wallet, Franck E Nicolini, Marie Y. Detrait, Sophie Ducastelle, Xavier Thomas, Jean-Henri Bourhis, Gonzalo Ferrini, Sabine Furst, Bruno Lioure, Rodrigo Martino, Mireia Riba, Ph Ph, Anna Feliu, Carole Levrault, Marcello Riggi, Christine Ta Thanh Minh
Journal: Blood (2013)
Anencephalic Infants as Organ Donors
Authors: J R Botkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Transplantation technology has been refined in recent years and now offers hope to pediatric patients with a variety of end stage disease processes. The lack of available donors for the smallest potential organ recipients has led to the suggestion that anencephalic infants be used as organ donors. This suggested policy is contrary to current law and raises fundamental ethical issues relating to the definition of death and the treatment of the dying. The technical issues in the potential organ supply from this source are described and the opposing ethical positions developing in this debate are discussed.
Comparison of the Sensitivity of Normal Hematopoietic and Transplanted Lymphoma Colony-Forming Cells to Tritiated Thymidine&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W. R. Bruce, B. E. Meeker
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Dose-survival curves were obtained for normal hematopoietic and transplanted lymphoma colony-forming cells of mice to high specific activity tritiated thymidine administered by repeated intraperitoneal injections for 24 hours. While the curve for normal cells decreased to a plateau value of about 20 percent of normal value at the maximum dose studied (6 mc/mouse), the curve for lymphoma cells decreased to a value less than 0.1 percent at this dose. An experiment in which the responses of normal and lymphoma colony-forming cells were measured in the same host showed that this difference was not due to differences between normal and lymphoma-bearing hosts. Furthermore, the survival time of mice bearing transplanted lymphoma was significantly increased (from 6.5 to 13 days) if they were given injections of 6 mc of tritiated thymidine over a period of 24 hours. The results indicate that most normal cells do not pass through deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in 24 hours, but that most lymphoma cells do and consequently may incorporate tritiated thymidine and be killed during this period. The difference between the cycle of normal hematopoietic colony-forming cells and malignant colony-forming cells may explain the action of chemotherapeutic agents that kill cells passing through cycle.
Rapid In Vitro Method for Determining Cytotoxicity of Antitumor Agents 2
Authors: H. H. Buskirk, J. A. Crim, G. J. Van Glessen, H. G. Petering
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

An in vitro method determined respiration-related cytotoxicity of antitumor agents against normal and tumor tissue cells. This simple, rapid technique required no serum, utilized either freshly isolated tumor or normal cells or cells from established tissue culture lines, and correlated well with in vivo results.
Preoperative endobronchial photodynamic therapy improves surgical radicalism for locally advanced NSCLC
Authors: Andrey Akopov, Valentina Molodtcova, Anatoly Rusanov, Andrey Gerasin, Nikita Kazakov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objective. We describe the result of prospective randomized trial comparing neoadjuvant chemotherapy with and without endobronchial photodynamic therapy (PDT) followed by surgery for locally advanced NSCLC.  Methods. From Jan 2008 to Dec 2011, 42 pts with stage III central NSCLC (main bronchus/distal trachea involvement) were randomized to either endobronchial PDT or no PDT. PDT was done with photosensitizer chlorine E6 and 662 nm laser light before each of the three courses of chemotherapy. Patients assigned to PDT (n=21) and no PDT (n=21) were similar with respect to age, sex, tumor stage, and histology.  Results. No PDT complications were observed. After neoadjuvant treatment partial remission revealed in 19 pts (90%) in PDT and 16 pts (76%) in no PDT group, these patients underwent thoracotomy. Surgery in PDT group: 14 pneumonectomies and 5 lobectomies; surgery in no PDT group: 10 pneumonectomies, 3 lobectomies and 3 exploratory. There was one postoperative death in each group. Completeness of resection was significantly higher in PDT (R0-89%, R1-11%) vs. no PDT (R0-54%, R1-46%) group.  Conclusions. Combination of chemotherapy with endobronchial PDT increases effectiveness of neoadjuvant treatment and surgical radicalism for locally advanced central NSCLC.
Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome precipitated by kypho-scoliosis: An unusual case of refractory hypoxia
Authors: Arun Khanna, David Reed, Gillian Lowrey, Chris Whale
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction : Platypnea-Orthodeoxia syndrome is caused by intra-cardiac, pulmomary arteriovenous or pulmonary parenchymal shunt. It9s first clinical manifestation in an elderly lady as a result of 9unmasking9 of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) attributable to her worsening kypho-scoliosis is a novel and poorly understood presentation.   Case Summary : An 85 year old lady presented with breathlessness and hypoxia (PaO 2 5.6kPa, PaCO 2 5.2kPa, pH7.4).Clinical examination was normal apart from marked kypho-scoliosis. Her ECG, chest X-ray, High resolution chest CT, CT pulmonary Angiogram, Ventilation/Perfusion scans and Trans-thoracic ECHO were all within normal limits. In particular, she had normal pulmonary pressures. Her lung functions demonstrated a restrictive defect with a normal single-breath diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide. She subsequently exhibited orthodeoxia prompting a 9bubble9 ECHO study. This revealed a large PFO with a prominent 9right to left9 shunt, confirmed on Trans-oesophageal ECHO. Percutaneous transcathetar closure of the PFO returned her oxygen saturation to within normal limits enabling rehabilitation.   Discussion : Symptomatic Platpynea-Orthodeoxia syndrome without pulmonary hypertension can be caused by altered intra-thoracic anatomy and physiology. It is postulated that kyphoscoliosis resulting in right atrial compression and alteration to caval flow may result in 9right to left9 shunt unmasking a 9silent9 PFO. PFO9s, occurring in 10-20% of adults, are largely asymptomatic. However, with a growing geriatric population and increasing incidence of spinal deformities such curable possibilities must be included in differentials of otherwise unexplained hypoxia.
Expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in pleural effusions
Authors: Lisete Teixeira, Leila Antonangelo, Juliana Puka, Roberta Sales, Milena Acencio, Barbara Silva, Francisco Vargas, Evaldo Marchi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Metalloproteinases represent a group of proteolytic enzymes responsible for cleaving of the extracellular matrix. Its activity is controlled by specific tissue inhibitors. MMPs can be altered in inflammatory and malignant processes.   Objective:  To evaluate the expression of MMPs and TIMPs and their correlation with inflammatory and fibrosis markers in pleural effusion of different etiologies.   Methods:  Eighty-two patients with pleural effusion were included: 30 tuberculosis (Tb), 25 malignant (Ca) and 25 transudates (Trans). Pleural fluid levels of MMPs (1, 2, 8 and 9), TIMPs (1 and 2), VEGF, IL-6 and TGF-β1 were quantified by ELISA. Statistical analysis: One Way Anova and Spearman9s correlation.   Results:  Except MMP-1 and TIMP-2, all parameters were higher in exsudates than transudates. MMP-8, MMP-9 and IL-6 levels were higher in Tb than Ca or Trans. The better correlation between MMPs and cytokines were observed in Tb group (MMP-9 x TGF-β1 and MMP-9 x VEGF).   Conclusions:  Most of the MMPs and TIMP-1 seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion. The correlation between MMP-9 and TGF β1 could be related to the pleural thickness observed in some cases of tuberculosis.
Latent TB infection in health care TB workers
Authors: Irina Felker, Marina Zorina
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction. In recent years we have seen a declining trend in incidence of tuberculosis among health care TB workers of the Siberia (Russia) from 632.2: 100,000 in 2003 to 200.0:100,000 in 2012. Nevertheless the incidence rate among health care TB workers is still 2 times higher than TB incidence in the population  Materials and methods. 180 employees of Novosibirsk TB-Research Institute (Russia) were examined using QuantiFERON-TB test. Statistical analysis included calculation of odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)  Results. LTBI according to the results of QuantiFERON-TB test was identified in 30.6% cases (55 from 180). Only 39 employees (70.9%) were agree to pass a supplementary examination to exclude active TB and 9 of them (23%) agreed to conduct preventive anti-TB treatment. According to results of additional examination we found 1 case of active TB. Positive result of QuantiFERON-TB test was most often observed among TB-doctors (43%) and nurses (36%). Phthisiologists, nurses and orderlies of all units who had closer contact with TB patients had 2.3 times higher risk of LTBI (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.17-4.36) than all other employees. Personnel with work experience over 10 years had 3 times greater chance for LTBI than workers with less experience (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.6-6). Employees with experience of work more than 19 years had 8 times greater chance for LTBI (OR 8.9, 95% CI 3.3-24.1) compared to those who had length of work up to 10 years.  Conclusions. Almost 1/3 of personnel in a TB-hospital have LTBI. Important risk factors are maximum proximity to the TB patients (TB-doctors and nurses) and long (over 10 years) work experience. Level of LTBI in employees can be used as an indicator of infection control quality assessing.
Mycosis fungoides bullosa simulating pyoderma gangrenosum
Authors: K.k-L. Ho, A. Browne, J. Fitzgibbons, D. Carney, F.C. Powell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Mycosis fungoides bullosa simulating pyoderma gangrenosum Get access K.k‐L. Ho, K.k‐L. Ho The Regional Centre of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. Browne, A. Browne The Regional Centre of Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Fitzgibbons, J. Fitzgibbons Department of Pathology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Carney, D. Carney Department of Oncology, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, 39 Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F.C. Powell F.C. Powell The Regional Centre of Dermatology, Dr F.C.Powell. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 1, 1 January 2000, Pages 124–127, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03253.x Published: 01 January 2000
S-erythropoietin levels decrease in patients with chronic hypoxia starting domiciliary oxygen therapy
Authors: K Strom, H Odeberg, AC Andersson, J Boe, J Singer, G Svensson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1991)

Consecutive determinations of erythropoietin in serum (s-Epo) were made in ten patients with chronic hypoxia starting domiciliary long-term oxygen therapy (LTO). After 24 h of supplementary oxygen treatment there was a fall in the median s-Epo level from 11.3 to 4.4 IU.l-1 (p less than 0.01). The initial decrease in s-Epo in conjunction with oxygen treatment was not sustained after one and three months of LTO. S-Epo levels above the reference range (3.3-13.5 IU.l-1) were found in three patients before and during LTO and in another two patients during LTO. Markedly elevated s-Epo levels were found in two patients with hypoxia and hypercapnia at the time of blood sampling. A significant negative relationship was found between the arterial oxygen tension and the log value for the s-Epo level (r = 0.40, p less than 0.005). The s-Epo levels were found to be normal in half of the measurements in patients using oxygen less than 15 h daily, a fact that indicates that s-Epo measurements are probably not suitable as indicators of compliance with LTO.
Sunitinib in treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer after failure of multiregimens of chemotherapy and EGFR-TKI.
Authors: X. Liu, W. Wang, J. Li, C. Tang, F. Yu
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e18139 Background: As no standard treatment for advanced NSCLC previously treated with both multiregimens of chemotherapy and EGFR-TKI was available, the study was to observe safety and efficacy of sunitinib, a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in treatment of these patients. Methods: 13 patients with advanced NSCLC received oral doses of 25-50 mg/day sunitinib on schedule 4/2 (4 weeks on treatment followed by 2 weeks of off treatment). Safety and tolerability was evaluated once a cycle. Patients with stable disease were treated until occurrence of disease progression or unacceptable adverse events. Results: There were 6 males and 7 females in the 13 patients with evaluable efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of sunitinib, and their age ranged 42∼69 years (median age 58 years). 12 were adenocarcinoma and only 1 bronchioloalveola carcinoma (BAC). There were 7, 5 and 1 patient(s) of PS1, PS2 and PS3(53.8%, 38.5% and 7.7%), respectively. Sunitinib was received as the fourth-line treatment or above (range: fourth-line ∼ ninth-line; median: sixth-line). Median duration of sunitinib treatment was 1.5 cycles (1- 8 cycles). No complete response (CR) was observed, partial response (PR) was seen in 3 patients (23.1%) with response time of 5, 10 and 12 months, respectively. Stable disease (SD) in 6 patients (46.2%) and progressive disease (PD) in 4 patients (30.8%). Common AEs included fatigue (69.2%), anorexia (69.2%), nausea (46.2%), skin pigmentation disorder (38.5%), hand-foot syndrome (30.1%), stomatitis (23.1%), hypertension (23.1%), peripheral edema (15.4 %), pleural effusion (15.4%) and diarrhea (15.4%), etc, most of which being grade 1∼2, with exceptions of grade 3∼4 AEs of dysgeusia (1 patient), hypertension (1 patient), anemia (1 patient), thrombocytopenia (1 patient) and skin ulceration at prior irradiated site (1 patient). All observed laboratory abnormalities, including thyroid dysfunction (23.1%), elevated ALT and/or AST (15.4%), abnormal EKG (1 patient), seemed mild. Conclusions: Advanced NSCLC patients previously treated with multiregimens of chemotherapy and EGFR-TKI may still benefit from Sunitinib treatment with tolerable AEs. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 4516: Evaluation of p70S6K/Akt inhibitor MSC2363318A in patient derived xenograft (PDX) models of breast cancer
Authors: Bayard R. Huck, H Tian, Sakeena Syed, Jing Lin, Jianguo Ma, Anderson Clark, Remiguisz Kaleta, Andreas Machl, Erik Wilker, Marc Lecomte
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The PI3K pathway is involved in the regulation of cell growth, proliferation, metabolism and other functions. Aberrant signaling (PTEN loss of function, PIK3CA mutation, Akt amplification, etc.) from the PI3K pathway is observed in &amp;gt;50% of all tumors. Clinical evidence suggests that inhibiting the PI3K pathway is beneficial for the treatment of solid tumors and tumors of the hematopoietic system. Inhibition of mTOR via rapalogs has been shown to block a negative feedback loop, thereby leading to the activation of Akt. The activation of this Akt feedback loop has been suggested to potentially compromise the clinical efficacy of selective mTORC1 inhibitors such as temsirolimus and everolimus. Dual p70S6K/Akt inhibition may promote improved pathway inhibition and also block the negative consequences of Akt activation through the negative feedback loop. MSC2363318A is a highly selective, potent, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) competitive inhibitor of p70S6K, Akt1, and Akt3. In a cellular context, inhibition of p70S6K leads to potent inhibition of ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation, while inhibition of Akt activity blocks the negative effects of a compensatory feedback loop. In addition, MSC2363318A exhibits potent anti-proliferative activity against many solid tumor cell lines in vitro, especially those with PI3K pathway genomic alterations. Further, MSC2363318A can also cross the blood-brain barrier (via pre-clinical studies in mice, rat, and dog), a unique characteristic that would allow for treating not only malignancies that are driven by PI3K pathway genomic alterations, but also indications with a high incidence of CNS metastases and primary malignancies of the central nervous system. Patient Derived Xenograft (PDX) models from breast cancers with a high prevalence of PI3K pathway genomic alterations; including, triple negative breast cancer and Her2+ breast cancer were evaluated. In addition, combinations with standard of care agents were then evaluated in these breast cancer PDX models. Results from these studies were correlated with PI3K pathway genomic modifications, and will be used to guide subsequent clinical studies. Citation Format: Bayard R. Huck, H Tian, Sakeena Syed, Jing Lin, Jianguo Ma, Anderson Clark, Remiguisz Kaleta, Andreas Machl, Erik Wilker, Marc Lecomte. Evaluation of p70S6K/Akt inhibitor MSC2363318A in patient derived xenograft (PDX) models of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4516. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4516
Presentation Serum Selenium Predicts for Overall Survival, Dose Delivery, and First Treatment Response in Aggressive Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
Authors: Kim W. Last, Victoria Cornelius, Trevor Delves, Christine Sieniawska, Jude Fitzgibbon, Andrew Norton, John Amess, Andy Wilson, Ama Z.S. Rohatiner, T. Andrew Lister
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Purpose: This study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that serum selenium concentration at presentation correlates with dose delivery, first treatment response, and overall survival in patients with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Patients and Methods: The patients presented between July 1986 and March 1999 and received anthracycline-based chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or both. The total selenium content was retrospectively analyzed in 100 sera, frozen at presentation, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Results: The serum selenium concentration ranged from 0.33 to 1.51 μmol/L (mean, 0.92 μmol/L; United Kingdom adult reference range, 1.07 to 1.88 μmol/L). Serum selenium concentration correlated closely with performance status but with no other clinical variable. Multivariate analysis revealed that increased dose delivery, summarized by an area under the curve, correlated positively with younger age (P &lt; .001), advanced stage (P = .001), and higher serum selenium concentration (P = .032). Selenium level also correlated positively with response (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43 to 0.90; P = .011) and achievement of long-term remission after first treatment (log-rank test, 4.38; P = .036). On multivariate analysis, selenium concentration was positively predictive of overall survival (hazard ratio [HR], 0.76 for 0.2 μmol/L increase; 95% CI, 0.60 to 0.95; P = .018), whereas age indicated negative borderline significance (HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.99 to 1.18; P = .066). Conclusion: Serum selenium concentration at presentation is a prognostic factor, predicting positively for dose delivery, treatment response, and long-term survival in aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Unlike most existing prognostic factors in aggressive non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, selenium supplementation may offer a novel therapeutic strategy in this frequently curable malignancy.
Simple and Radical Mastectomy for Breast Cancer: A Re-Analysis of Smith and Meyer's Report From Rockford, Illinois
Authors: M B Shimkin, M Koppel, R R Connelly, S J Cutler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1961)

Analysis of 448 women treated surgically for cancer of the breast in Rockford, Illinois, between 1929 and 1954 indicated that the 5- and 10-year survival rates are the same whether radical or simple mastectomy was performed. There are detectable differences in the selection of patients for different operations, however, so that as in other retrospective analyses, exact comparability between the groups cannot be demonstrated. A rigidly controlled clinical trial, with patients entering various surgical procedures to be compared by randomization, is needed and urged.