tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Chromosomal translocations and karyotype complexity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: A systematic reappraisal of classic cytogenetic data
Authors: Panagiotis Baliakas, Michalis Iskas, Anne Gardiner, Zadie Davis, Karla Plevova, Florence Nguyen‐Khac, Jitka Malcikova, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Sharron Glide, Sarah Mould, Kristina Stepanovska, Martin Brejcha, Chrysoula Belessi, Frederic Davi, Sarka Pospisilova, Anastasia Athanasiadou, Kostas Stamatopoulos, David Oscier
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

The significance of chromosomal translocations (CTRAs) and karyotype complexity (KC) in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) remains uncertain. To gain insight into these issues, we evaluated a series of 1001 CLL cases with reliable classic cytogenetic data obtained within 6 months from diagnosis before any treatment. Overall, 320 cases were found to carry ≥ 1 CTRAs. The most frequent chromosome breakpoints were 13q, followed by 14q, 18q, 17q, and 17p; notably, CTRAs involving chromosome 13q showed a wide spectrum of translocation partners. KC (≥ 3 aberrations) was detected in 157 cases and significantly (P < 0.005) associated with unmutated IGHV genes and aberrations of chromosome 17p. Furthermore, it was identified as an independent prognostic factor for shorter time-to-first-treatment. CTRAs were assigned to two categories (i) CTRAs present in the context of KC, often with involvement of chromosome 17p aberrations, occurring mostly in CLL with unmutated IGHV genes; in such cases, we found that KC rather than the presence of CTRAs per se negatively impacts on survival; (ii) CTRAs in cases without KC, having limited if any impact on survival. On this evidence, we propose that all CTRAs in CLL are not equivalent but rather develop by different processes and are associated with distinct clonal behavior.
Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue, an indication of dietary fatty acids, and breast cancer prognosis.
Authors: J A Petrek, L C Hudgins, M Ho, D R Bajorunas, J Hirsch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE Fatty acid composition of adipose tissue is an indicator of the long-term ingestion pattern of several specific fatty acids. There is good correlation of antecedent diet with the essential fatty acids, and there is reflection of the diet with the fatty acids that can be synthesized. The relationship between the fatty acid levels and lymph node status and clinical outcome was examined. METHODS At the time of diagnostic surgery, 161 women with clinical stage T1NO breast cancer had subcutaneous adipose tissue (breast and abdominal) aspirated. The concentrations of 35 fatty acids, seven summed classes, and six fatty acid groups were measured by capillary gas chromatography. Lymph node status was determined with axillary dissection, and patients were followed-up (mean, 7.3 years) for clinical outcome. RESULTS There was no significant association of any adipose tissue fatty acids with overall survival, although few (16 of 161 women) died of breast cancer. However, the odds of having positive lymph nodes (57 of 161 women) were significantly higher for women with a greater adipose tissue proportion of oleic acid (odds ratio [OR], 7.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.78 to 32.1) or total saturated acids (OR, 8.43; 95% CI, 1.48 to 40.0) and significantly lower with a higher proportion of trans fatty acids (OR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07 to 0.77), as assessed by multivariate logistic regression. CONCLUSION These data support previous research with dietary questionnaire methodology, suggesting that specific dietary fatty acids may be associated with breast cancer promotion. Further research with long-term clinical follow-up is necessary to investigate these observations in large, diverse populations before dietary recommendations can be envisioned.
Hematopoietic Neoplasms and Related Conditions in &lt;italic&gt;Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis&lt;/italic&gt;
Authors: Katharine C. Snell, Harold L. Stewart
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Interrelated neoplastic, reactive, and inflammatory diseases of the hematopoietic tissues were found in 22 Praomys (Mastomys) natalensis of a necropsy series of 213 old animals. The diseases were classified as nodular-follicular lymphosarcoma in 3, diffuse lymphosarcoma in 2, solitary plasma-cell myeloma of the cervical spine in 1, pseudolymphoma in 1, well-differentiated reticulum cell sarcoma in 7, anaplastic reticulum cell sarcoma in 3, mixtures of well-differentiated and anaplastic reticulum cell sarcoma with lymphosarcoma in 2, and atypical reticulum cell hyperplasia and inflammation in 3. These appeared to be diseases of old age, since only 2 occurred in Mastomys less than 2 years old, and the rest were in animals whose ages were evenly distributed between 26 and 38 months. None of the animals had leukemic blood. No hematopoietic neoplasm originated in the thymus, and the thymus was involved by neoplasm in only 1 animal. The plasma cell myeloma readily transplanted, but attempts to transplant 3 other neoplasms to Mastomys, and in one case to newborn mice also, were unsuccessful. All the reticulum cell sarcomas were classifiable as the Type B neoplasm of Dunn, and none as Type A or Type C. Of the 12 Mastomys with reticulum cell sarcoma, 11 were from Family A, which suggested a genetic influence. Analogies were drawn between Mastomys and mice of the SJL/J and NZB/BL strains and its outcrosses with respect to the relationship between reticulum cell sarcoma Type B and autoimmune disease hypergammaglobulinemia, and dysproteinemia.
The Impact of the Derived Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Duration of Initial Androgen Deprivation Therapy (Adt) on Survival of Men with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (Mcrpc) Receiving First-Line Chemotherapy: Data from Two Randomized Phase III Trials
Authors: R.J. van Soest, A.J. Templeton, M. Eisenberger, F. Mercier, I.F. Tannock, R. De Wit
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Improvement of diaphragmatic performance through orthotopic application of decellularized extracellular matrix patch
Authors: M. Piccoli, L. Urbani, M.E. Alvarez-Fallas, C. Franzin, A. Dedja, E. Bertin, G. Zuccolotto, A. Rosato, P. Pavan, N. Elvassore, P. De Coppi, M. Pozzobon
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)

Muscle tissue engineering can provide support to large congenital skeletal muscle defects using scaffolds able to allow cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. Acellular extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold can generate a positive inflammatory response through the activation of anti-inflammatory T-cell populations and M2 polarized macrophages that together lead to a local pro-regenerative environment. This immunoregulatory effect is maintained when acellular matrices are transplanted in a xenogeneic setting, but it remains unclear whether it can be therapeutic in a model of muscle diseases. We demonstrated here for the first time that orthotopic transplantation of a decellularized diaphragmatic muscle from wild animals promoted tissue functional recovery in an established atrophic mouse model. In particular, ECM supported a local immunoresponse activating a pro-regenerative environment and stimulating host muscle progenitor cell activation and migration. These results indicate that acellular scaffolds may represent a suitable regenerative medicine option for improving performance of diseased muscles.
Increased levels of immunological markers in the respiratory tract but not in serum correlate with active pulmonary mycobacterial infection in mice
Authors: J. Arko-Mensah, M.J. Rahman, E. Julián, G. Horner, M. Singh, C. Fernández
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)

Immunological tests for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) have relied mostly on detection of immune markers in serum or release of cytokines by mononuclear cells in vitro. These tests, although useful, sometimes fail to discriminate between active infection and contact with mycobacteria or vaccination. TB is primarily a disease of the lung, and therefore identification of immunological markers in the respiratory tract will be more likely to reflect the infection status or disease activity. In this study, it is demonstrated that active infection of mice with Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), but not exposure to heat-killed BCG, induced production of interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors (sTNFRs) locally in the lungs, as detected in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. There was a strong correlation between bacterial growth in the lung and levels of sTNFRs, and to some extent IL-12 and IFN-gamma, in BAL fluid. Furthermore, sTNFR levels increased significantly in BAL fluid after reactivation of controlled infection with dexamethasone, and this correlated with increased bacterial growth in the lungs. Finally, infection, but not exposure to non-replicating mycobacteria, induced specific IgG and IgA in BAL fluid. Elevated levels of all biomarkers measured were also detected in the serum, but correlation with infection was not as clear as in the case of BAL fluid. Taken together, the detection of sTNFRs and mycobacterium-specific antibodies, especially IgA, locally in the lungs could be used as immunological markers for the diagnosis of TB.
Weight-based antibiotic dosing in a real-world European study of complicated skin and soft-tissue infections due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: W. Lawson, D. Nathwani, C. Eckmann, S. Corman, J. Stephens, C. Solem, C. Macahilig, J. Li, N. Baillon-Plot, C. Charbonneau, S. Haider
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)

We aimed to characterize real-world dosing of weight-based intravenous (IV) antibiotic therapy in patients hospitalized for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) complicated skin and soft-tissue infections (cSSTIs). This was a subgroup analysis of a retrospective chart review that captured data from 12 European countries. The study included patients ≥18 years old, hospitalized with an MRSA cSSTI between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2011 and discharged alive by 31 July 2011. Patients treated with IV vancomycin, teicoplanin or daptomycin at any stage during hospitalization were included in this analysis. Analyses were conducted at the regimen level (dosing in mg/kg or in mg, frequency, and total daily dose (TDD)), with potentially multiple regimens per patient, and the patient level, categorizing patients into low, standard (labelled) and high dosing groups according to their initial MRSA-targeted regimen. Among the 1502 patients in the parent study, 998 patients contributed a total of 1050 daptomycin, teicoplanin or vancomycin regimens. Across all regimens, the mean initial TDDs were 6.3 ± 1.9 mg/kg for daptomycin, 10.5 ± 4.9 mg/kg for teicoplanin and 28.5 ± 11.5 mg/kg for vancomycin. A total of 789 patients received first-line therapy with one of the above antibiotics. The majority of patients receiving first-line teicoplanin and daptomycin (96% and 80%, respectively) received higher than labelled cSSTI doses, whereas vancomycin doses were lower than labelled doses in >40% of patients. These real-world data reveal significant deviation from labelled antibiotic dosing in 12 European countries and the potential for suboptimal outcomes in patients with MRSA cSSTIs.
Comparative Study of the Kinetics of Cellular Proliferation of Normal and Tumorous Tissues With the Use of Tritiated Thymidine. I. Dilution of the Label and Migration of Labeled Cells&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R BASERGA, W E KISIELESKI
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1962)
Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) after endoscopic lung volume reduction (ELVR) in severe emphysema - A case series
Authors: Katrin Hornemann, Daniela Gompelmann, Felix J.F. Herth, Claus P. Heussel, Hans Hoffmann, Ralf Eberhardt
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background   LVRS as well as ELVR can improve patients symptoms, wellbeing and pulmonary function testing. ELVR can be performed in upper and lower lobe emphysema. LVRS is currently not recommended for patients with very low FEV1 or lower lobe emphysema.   Objectives   Case series to establish if surgical lobectomy after initially successful ELVR is effective and safe.   Methods   6 patients (4 female, mean age 60.3 y, mean FEV1 640 ± 214 ml) with severe lower lobe emphysema received ELVR and showed an initial but not persistent improvement. Hence a lobectomy was performed for surgical lung volume reduction. Pulmonary function tests (PFT), 6-minute-walk-test (6MWT) and dyspnea score (mMRC) were performed 90 days after surgery and safety issues were assessed.   Results   In all cases lobectomy of one lower lobe (5 left, 1 right side) was performed without any problems. No prolonged air leack and no 30-days mortality were observed. 1 patient was lost for follow up. He died 86 days after the procedure due to an acute tension pneumothorax, but showed a primary clinical benefit. In the remaining 5 cases an improvement of +42.4 ± 16.3 % in FEV1 and reduction of - 35.1 ± 17.4 % in residual volume (RV) was seen. Both 6MWT (+72 ± 43 m) and mMRC (+2.6 ± 1.1 points) were also improved.   Conclusion   A lobectomy in patients with severe lower lobe emphysema for definitive LVRS seems to be effective and safe in selected cases. A previous successful ELVR can be used as a pretest for adequate patient selection.
Abstract 20382: A Case of Severe Myocardial Bridging: Usefulness of Diastolic Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Tatsuro Mitsuse, Kenji Sakamoto, Kenichi Tsujita, Naohiro Komura, Kenshi Yamanaga, Tomonori Akasaka, Takashi Miyazaki, Noriaki Tabata, Masanobu Ishii, Yuichiro Arima, Sunao Kojima, Koichi Kaikita, Sunao Nakamura, Seiji Hokimoto, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

A case of 72-year-old female presented with progressive exertional angina. Her past medical history included PCI for LCx lesion. She had recurrent angina on a light exertion in 18 months after PCI. Initial Diagnostic Tests: Treadmill exercise test revealed angina with significant ST-segment depression in leads II, III and aVF. Stress myocardial perfusion imaging showed overall ischemia with reduced EF at stress. CAG revealed no relevant stenosis in main vessels, however, after administration of intra-coronary isosorbide dinitrate, more progressive vessel squeezing with myocardial bridge (MB) at mid LAD was noticed, compared with previous angiogram. We proceeded with β-blocker. Medical Treatment: Of Carvedilol 10mg showed no effect, the threshold of angina had gradually decreased in her daily life during 2 months periods. Nitroglycerin use resulted in a worsening of symptoms. Proof of Ischemia and Intervention: Invasive examinations were performed to obtain the proof for ischemia with MB. IVUS revealed a s...
Malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis.
Authors: K Antman, S Cohen, N V Dimitrov, M Green, F Muggia
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Eighteen patients with malignant mesothelioma of the tunica vaginalis testis have been previously reported. These and the six patients reported here are reviewed for natural history and response to treatment. This tumor should be considered in men of any age with scrotal masses that include a hydrocele. Staging procedures should include computerized tomography scanning of the chest and abdomen. Inguinal orchiectomy appears to be the optimal primary surgical approach. Intraabdominal disease found at diagnostic laparotomy may be effectively treated by surgery and/or abdominal radiotherapy. Clinical features such as a long asymptomatic interval from initial presentation to clinical recurrence were observed and are also worthy of emphasis. Thus, serial follow-up is advised. Upon recurrence, treatment remains unsatisfactory but some responsiveness to chemotherapy has been noted. Doxorubicin-containing regimens were administered to five patients with measurable pulmonary nodules resulting in two partial regressions by standard criteria.
Phase I/II Study of Vinorelbine, Mitomycin, and Cisplatin for Stage IIIB or IV Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kiyoyuki Furuse, Masaaki Kawahara, Yutaka Nishiwaki, Masahiro Fukuoka, Minoru Takada, Mitsunori Miyashita, Yasuo Ohashi
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: To determine the maximum-tolerated doses (MTDs) of vinorelbine (VRB), mitomycin (MMC), and cisplatin (P), given in two courses every 28 days to previously untreated patients with stage IIIB or IV non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: At least three or four patients were entered at each dose level. The starting dose was 20 mg/m 2 for VRB on days 1 and 8 and 4 mg/m 2 for MMC on day 1, with a fixed dose of P 80 mg/m 2 on day 1 every 4 weeks. MMC was increased to 6 mg/m 2 at dose level 2 and subsequently to 8 mg/m 2 at dose level 4. At dose level 3, VRB was increased to 25 mg/m 2 . Twenty-five patients were entered onto the phase I study and 19 patients were entered onto phase II study. RESULTS: Nadir leukocyte and platelet counts decreased at each dose level. At dose levels 1 and 2, the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was not seen, but at dose levels 3 and 4, DLT was encountered in two patients. Nearly half the patients at dose level 4 had dose reduction due to grade 4 leukopenia. A mathematic model of all toxicity suggested that dose level 4 (VRB 25 mg/m 2 on days 1 and 8 and MMC 8 mg/m 2 and P 80 mg/m 2 on day 1, every 4 weeks) would be the recommended dose for phase II study at which grade 4 toxicity is expected in ≤ 25% of patients over two courses. Of the 25 assessable patients in the phase I study, 13 achieved a partial response and one had a complete response for a response rate of 56.0%. Of the 19 assessable patients in the phase II study, 12 had a partial response (63.2%; 95% confidence interval, 38.4% to 83.7%). Grade 3 and 4 leukopenia was observed in 19 (100%), and grade 3 thrombocytopenia was seen in seven (36.8%). Median survival time was 10.7 months and the 1-year survival rate was 43.2% in the 44 assessable patients. CONCLUSION: The VRB/MMC/P regimen is effective against NSCLC, and its efficacy should be confirmed through a randomized study.
Significance of Transplacental Hemorrhage in the Induction of Specific Maternal Unresponsiveness&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Helena J. Mauceri, Curtis L. Lynch, Edward J. Breyere
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1970)

Transplacental hemorrhage is reportedly detectable by erythrocytes containing fetal hemoglobin-F in the maternal circulation. The procedure in the present study is based on the premise that fetal hemoglobin is not eluted from red cells in blood smears by an acid buffer, whereas adult hemoglobin is removed. Erythrocytes containing hemoglobin-F were observed in blood smears of both virgin and pregnant BALB/c mice, but the relative number of these cells in the maternal blood increased during pregnancy, reached a peak around the time of parturition, and decreased thereafter. In BALB/c females pregnant by DBA/2 males, the relatively large numbers of acid-resistant erythrocytes in maternal blood were related to the maternal unresponsiveness to DBA/2 allografts. The fetal derivation of at least a fraction of these cells was suggested by the apparent activity of fetal immunogens in the maternal circulation. The blood of peripartum BALB/c mice multiparous by DBA/2 males was injected into normal, nonimmune BALB/c mice. The blood recipients were later challenged with an allotransplantable DBA/2 tumor. A low degree of immunity was indicated by a decreased size of tumor implants. Attempts to demonstrate vertical transmission of immune suppression from mothers to progeny were negative. These findings indicate that transplacental hemorrhage is a potential source of antigens involved in the induction of specific maternal unresponsiveness.
Quantitative Studies on the Developing Vascular System of Rat Hepatoma2
Authors: Harutsugu Yamaura, Haruo Sato
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

Journal Article Quantitative Studies on the Developing Vascular System of Rat Hepatoma Get access Harutsugu Yamaura, M.D., Harutsugu Yamaura, M.D. 3Department of Experimental Oncology, The Research Institute for Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Cancer, Tehoku University, Sendai, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Haruo Sato, M.D. Haruo Sato, M.D. 3Department of Experimental Oncology, The Research Institute for Tuberculosis, Leprosy and Cancer, Tehoku University, Sendai, Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 53, Issue 5, November 1974, Pages 1229–1240, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/53.5.1229 Published: 01 November 1974 Article history Received: 29 January 1974 Revision received: 21 May 1974 Accepted: 28 May 1974 Published: 01 November 1974
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a biomarker in COPD?
Authors: Gunnar Husebø, Per Bakke, Jon Hardie, Thor Ueland, Rune Grønseth, Pål Aukrust, Tomas Eagan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background:  MIF is a pluripotent cytokine associated with several different inflammatory conditions. Despite being known as a central inflammatory mediator for decades, its role within lung inflammation and COPD remains unclear. This study aimed to examine its role in stable COPD and at acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD).   Methods:  424 patients with COPD aged 41-76 was compared to 319 controls from the Bergen COPD cohort study. 350 patients were also included in the Bergen COPD exacerbation study, and examined during acute exacerbations. All patients had a FEV1   Results:  Median MIF (IQR) in COPD patients was 20.1 (17.5) compared to 14.9 (10.5) in controls (p   Conclusion:  Plasma levels of MIF were significantly higher in COPD patients compared with controls. We also identified an additional increase in MIF-levels at AECOPD.
Tubulointerstitial disease in aging
Authors: S E Thomas, S Anderson, K L Gordon, T T Oyama, S J Shankland, R J Johnson
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1998)

Aging is associated with a progressive decline in renal function and the development of glomerulosclerosis and interstitial fibrosis. Although many studies have addressed the cellular mechanisms of age-related glomerulosclerosis, less is known about the tubulointerstitial fibrosis. In this study, aging (24 mo) rats develop tubulointerstitial fibrosis characterized by tubular injury and focal tubular cell proliferation, myofibroblast activation, macrophage infiltration with increased immunostaining for the adhesive proteins osteopontin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and collagen IV deposition. Aging rats demonstrated immunostaining for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOSIII) in renal tubular epithelial cells and infiltrating mononuclear cells in areas of tubulointerstitial injury, with a relative loss of staining of the peritubular capillaries compared with young rats. The aging rats also displayed focal loss of peritubular capillaries (as noted by focally decreased RECA-1 and OX-2 staining) in areas of tubulointerstitial injury. The areas of fibrosis and hypocellularity were associated with increased apoptosis of tubular and interstitial cells compared with young (3 mo) rats (25.4 +/- 5.3 versus 3.5 +/- 2.5 TUNEL-positive cells/0.25 mm2 in old versus young rats, P = 0.0001). It is concluded that tubulointerstitial fibrosis in aging is an active process associated with interstitial inflammation and fibroblast activation. The progressive loss of cells in areas of fibrosis may be due to accelerated apoptosis. Furthermore, the tubulointerstitial injury may be the consequence of ischemia secondary to peritubular capillary injury and altered eNOS expression.