tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comparison of partially attended night time respiratory recordings and full polysomnography in patients with suspected sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome.
Authors: P. Lloberes, J. M. Montserrat, A. Ascaso, O. Parra, A. Granados, P. Alonso, I. Vilaseca, R. Rodriguez-Roisin
Journal: Thorax (1996)

BACKGROUND: Laboratory full polysomnography (PSG) is considered to be the gold standard for the diagnosis of the sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (SAHS), but it is expensive and time consuming. A study was undertaken to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of a partially attended night time respiratory recording (NTRR) and a clinical questionnaire in patients with suspected SAHS in comparison with full PSG. METHODS: Seventy six patients (54 men) of mean (SD) age 51 (11.5) years with a body mass index of 31 (5.7) kg/m2 were studied at random on two different nights with full PSG at the sleep laboratory and with NTRR on a respiratory ward. NTRR records oximetry, airflow, chest and abdominal motion. All signals were continuously displayed on a computer screen throughout the night and respiratory events were scored automatically the following morning. All patients completed a clinical questionnaire. RESULTS: Mean values of the apnoea/hypopnoea index (AHI) using NTRR were lower than those obtained with full PSG (22.7 (2.4) versus 32.2 (3) events/hour) which was mainly due to underrecognition of hypopnoeas. Sensitivity and specificity of NTRR for the diagnosis of SAHS were 82% and 90%, respectively, taking as reference AHI &gt; 10 on full PSG (AHI-PSG &gt; 10). The mean (+/-2SD) difference in AHI between the two methods was 9.6 (range -5.4-24.6) (95% confidence interval 6.2 to 13). Symptoms of witnessed apnoeas, impotence, the overall clinical impression of a trained physician, and a neck size over 40 cm were significantly more prevalent in patients with AHI-PSG of &gt; 10, but impotence was the only clinical feature significantly more prevalent in patients with false negative compared with true negative NTRR results that helped to distinguish patients with NTRR &lt; 10 but AHI-PSG &gt; 10. CONCLUSIONS: NTRR is a helpful and easy complementary diagnostic tool in clinical practice because it detects patients with moderate to severe SAHS reasonably well and therefore can be useful for confirming a diagnosis of SAHS and also for treatment decisions. It is suggested that patients with suspicion of SAHS should be initially studied by NTRR. When NTRR is negative, a full PSG should be performed if witnessed apnoeas, impotence, systemic hypertension, ischaemic heart disease, and a trained physician9s clinical impression of SAHS are present.
American Medical Care — Is It Worth It?
Authors: Arthur D. Silk
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

Blaming the high cost of health care on physicians is silly; it's like blaming the cost ofjet fuel on the pilot. Doctors are not culpable for the cost of medical care. Physicians' fees used to represent 20 cents of the health dollar. Over the past decade this has decreased to 15 cents of each dollar spent. Faced with the ineluctable truth that doctors account for such a small proportion of the total expense, those who would make us the scapegoat have countered with the argument that although we receive only 15 per cent of the total, we order and are . . .
A high-ITR SSVEP-based BCI speller
Authors: Xiaogang Chen, Zhikai Chen, Shangkai Gao, Xiaorong Gao
Journal: Brain-Computer Interfaces (2014)

Spelling is an important application of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Previous BCI spellers were not suited for widespread use due to their low information transfer rate (ITR). In this study, we constructed a high-ITR BCI speller based on the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP). A 45-target BCI speller was implemented with a frequency resolution of 0.2 Hz. A sampled sinusoidal stimulation method was used to present visual stimuli on a conventional LCD screen. The online results revealed that the proposed BCI speller had a good performance, reaching a high average accuracy (84.1% for 2 s stimulation time; 90.2% for 3 s stimulation time) and the corresponding high ITR (105 bits/min for 2 s stimulation time, 82 bits/min for 3 s stimulation time) during the low-frequency stimuli, while 88.7% and 61 bits/min were achieved for a 4 s time window during the high-frequency stimuli.
Abstract 2442: XIAP mediates cancer cell motility via RhoGDI-dependent regulation of cytoskeleton
Authors: Yonghui Yu, Jinyi Liu, Dongyun Zhang, Wenjing Luo, Jianxiu Yu, Jingxia Li, Xinhai Zhang, Xue-Ru Wu, Germán R. Acosta, Chuanshu Huang
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract XIAP overexpression has been found to be associated with malignant cancer progression and aggression in individuals with many types of cancers. However, the molecular basis of XIAP in the regulation of cancer cell biological behavior remains largely unknown. In the current study, we found that the deficiency of XIAP expression in human cancer cells by approach of either knockout or knockdown led to a marked reduction of β-Actin polymerization and cytoskeleton formation. Consistently, cell migration and invasion were also decreased in XIAP-deficient cells in comparison to those in the parent wild type cells. Subsequent studies demonstrated that the regulation of cell motility by XIAP depended on its interaction with RhoGDI via XIAP's RING domain. Furthermore, XIAP was found to negatively regulate RhoGDI SUMOylation, which might affect its activity in controlling cell motility. Collectively, our studies provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms by which XIAP regulates cancer invasion, and offer further theoretical basis for setting XIAP as a potential prognostic marker and specific target for treatment of cancers with metastatic property. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2442. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2442
The cost of treating immune thrombocytopenic purpura using intravenous Rh immune globulin versus intravenous immune globulin
Authors: S. Gerald Sandler, Sharon C. Novak, Barbara Roland
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

Multiple factors, including efficacy, toxicity and cost, may influence the decision to treat immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) with intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) or intravenous Rho (D) immune globulin (IV RhIG). We conducted a survey of 50 hospitals in 31 states to determine the costs for treating ITP using conventional doses for IVIG or IV RhIG, based on package insert recommendations. The average cost for a dose of IVIG ($2,771) was 71.7% ($1,157) more than that for a dose of IV RhIG ($1,614). In the absence of clearly defined differences in clinical outcomes when treating ITP with IVIG or IV RhIG, the difference in cost may be an important factor in selecting the treatment. Am J. Hematol. 63:156–158, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
336 DETECTION OF CLINICALLY RELEVANT MINOR HCV AND HBV ANTIVIRAL-RESISTANT MUTANTS IN TREATMENT-NAIVE PATIENTS USING ULTRA-DEEP PYROSEQUENCING
Authors: F. Rodriguez-Frias, M. Cubero, J.I. Esteban, M. Buti, D. Tabernero, I. Ortega, A. Sanchez, J.L. Mosquera, M. Schaper, M. Homs, D. Garcia-Cehic, S. Sauleda, M. Bes, R. Esteban, R. Jardi, J. Guardia, J. Quer
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
US moves to ban trans fats
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The US Food and Drug Administration announced Thursday 7 November that it had reached a “preliminary determination” that partially hydrogenated oils, the primary source of artificial trans fats in processed foods, “are not recognized as safe” for use in food.1

Currently, partially hydrogenated oils have been designated as “generally recognized as safe” (GRAS) for their use in food. Such products can be added to food products without prior approval of the FDA.

Should partially hydrogenated oils lose their GRAS designation, manufacturers would have to prove to …
Geriatrics Today-An Overview
Authors: EWALD W. BUSSE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

Biological aging can be studied on a number of levels; scientists have not settled on a single explanation although there are a number of intriguing theories. The psychiatrist should seek to understand the effects of aging (including perceptual changes) and of chronic disease upon the psyche. Various therapeutic approaches that have proved effective with certain disorders common to the aged are discussed.
The Inotropic Effects of the Calcium Ionophore X-537A in the Anesthetized Dog
Authors: NORBERTO T. DE GUZMAN, BERTON C. PRESSMAN
Journal: Circulation (1974)

The ability of ion permeability-inducing agents (ionophores) to complex and transport cations and amines across membranes has provided a novel approach for the pharmacological modification of biological systems. Of particular interest is X-537A, since it not only transports alkali ions but compared to most of the known ionophores it is unusually efficient in transporting calcium as well as catecholamines. The cardiovascular effects of this agent were studied in normal anesthetized dogs. X-537A produced a dramatic augmentation of myocardial contractility with up to 210% increases in max dP/dt after intravenous doses of 1.0-1.5 mg/kg. The moderate dose of 0.5-0.75 mg/kg X-537A induced significant increases in max dP/dt (68%, P &lt; .001), isometric ventricular segmental tension (IVST) (79%, P &lt; .01), peak dT/dt (65%, P &lt; .05), cardiac output (44%, P &lt; .001), aortic systolic (18%, P &lt; .001) and diastolic (15%, P &lt; .001) pressures, pulse pressure (28%, P &lt; .001), left ventricular systolic pressure (18%, P &lt; .001), and decrease in total peripheral resistance (23%, P &lt; .05) without significant changes in heart rate and atrioventricular conduction. Beta-blockade with large doses of propranolol showed 20% suppression of the cardiac inotropism of X-537A. The action of X-537A is typically rapid with a smooth continuous progression until maximal response is attained in 10-15 minutes, sustained for about one hour, then gradually subsides during the third hour. Such ideal cardiovascular effects of X-537A portend a profound therapeutic potential in cases of cardiac decompensation and circulatory compromise. X-537A may also prove to be a valuable tool for probing the complex factors influencing myocardial contractility.
Photoageing: the role of UVB, solar-simulated UVB, visible and psoralen UVA radiation
Authors: R.G. PFAU, ANTOINETTE F. HOOD, W.L. MORISON
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1986)

We have studied the morphological and histological effects of chronic exposure of two strains of haired mice (albino Balb/c and pigmented C3H-) to various types of radiation. UVB (280-320 nm) radiation from unfiltered sunlamp bulbs for 20 and 30 weeks produced marked epidermal acanthosis and dyskeratosis which was reversible in mice exposed for 20 weeks followed by a 20-week rest. In the dermis the elastic fibres were altered and in the pigmented mice these changes had almost completely reversed 29 weeks after cessation of exposure. Cellulose acetate-filtered sunlamp bulbs (greater than 289 nm) produced similar but less marked changes. Chronic exposure to UVA (320-400 nm) radiation produced minimal alterations in the dermis while the epidermis was normal. Visible (greater than 400 nm) radiation in large doses produced no degenerative changes. Methoxsalen/UVA radiation produced epidermal acanthosis, dermal sclerosis, and alteration of elastic fibres, which was prominent in both strains at 40 weeks. These findings suggest that the UVB component of sunlight is largely responsible for photoageing of the skin. Furthermore, chronic exposure to methoxsalen/UVA therapy is likely to potentiate solar-induced photoageing.
Long-term clinical follow-up after Palmaz-Schatz stent placement in native coronary arteries
Authors: Takeshi Kimura, Kenichi Abe, Yoshihisa Nakagawa, Hiroyoshi Yokoi, Masashi Iwabuchi, Naoya Hamasaki, Hideyuki Nosaka, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Autoantibody Prevalence and Association with HLA Genotype in Patients with Younger-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Tatsuya Mimura, Hideharu Funatsu, Yasuko Uchigata, Shigehiko Kitano, Erika Shimizu, Shiro Amano, Satoru Yamagami, Hidetaka Noma, Makoto Araie, Sadao Hori
Journal: Ophthalmology (2005)
Cytokine profile determined by data-mining analysis set into clusters of non-small-cell lung cancer patients according to prognosis
Authors: L. Barrera, E. Montes-Servín, A. Barrera, L.A. Ramírez-Tirado, F. Salinas-Parra, J.L. Bañales-Méndez, M. Sandoval-Ríos, Ó. Arrieta
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Early recovery of coronary flow reserve after stent implantation as assessed by positron emission tomography
Authors: Istvan Kosa, Rudolf Blasini, Jan Schneider-Eicke, Timm Dickfeld, Franz J Neumann, Sibylle Ziegler, Ichiro Matsunari, Jodi Neverve, Albert Schömig, Markus Schwaiger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
EXTERNAL HEAT A CAUSE OF FEVER IN CHILDREN
Authors: KATHARINE DODD
Journal: JAMA (1927)

It is well known that the body temperature of premature and of very young infants varies considerably in accordance with the temperature of their environment. Older infants have a more efficient heat regulating mechanism, and if they are well nourished and in good health they are able to maintain a normal body temperature when exposed to the usual fluctuations of external heat. In discussions of the causes of obscure fevers in children very little mention is made, either in pediatric textbooks or in special articles, of extreme degrees of external heat as a cause of fever in young children. Meyer<sup>1</sup>notes several cases of heat stroke in infants during an extremely hot summer in Berlin. These cases amounted to 4.2 per cent of the total cases of illness in the Waisenhause der Stadt Berlin during the summer. Several cases terminated fatally. Abt<sup>2</sup>says, "Transitory elevations of temperature frequently
Therapeutic suppression of translation initiation factor eIF4E expression reduces tumor growth without toxicity
Authors: Jeremy R. Graff, Bruce W. Konicek, Thomas M. Vincent, Rebecca L. Lynch, David Monteith, Spring N. Weir, Phil Schwier, Andrew Capen, Robin L. Goode, Michele S. Dowless, Yuefeng Chen, Hong Zhang, Sean Sissons, Karen Cox, Ann M. McNulty, Stephen H. Parsons, Tao Wang, Lillian Sams, Sandaruwan Geeganage, Larry E. Douglass, Blake Lee Neubauer, Nicholas M. Dean, Kerry Blanchard, Jianyong Shou, Louis F. Stancato, Julia H. Carter, Eric G. Marcusson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Expression of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is commonly elevated in human and experimental cancers, promoting angiogenesis and tumor growth. Elevated eIF4E levels selectively increase translation of growth factors important in malignancy (e.g., VEGF, cyclin D1) and is thereby an attractive anticancer therapeutic target. Yet to date, no eIF4E-specific therapy has been developed. Herein we report development of eIF4E-specific antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) designed to have the necessary tissue stability and nuclease resistance required for systemic anticancer therapy. In mammalian cultured cells, these ASOs specifically targeted the eIF4E mRNA for destruction, repressing expression of eIF4E-regulated proteins (e.g., VEGF, cyclin D1, survivin, c-myc, Bcl-2), inducing apoptosis, and preventing endothelial cells from forming vessel-like structures. Most importantly, intravenous ASO administration selectively and significantly reduced eIF4E expression in human tumor xenografts, significantly suppressing tumor growth. Because these ASOs also target murine eIF4E, we assessed the impact of eIF4E reduction in normal tissues. Despite reducing eIF4E levels by 80% in mouse liver, eIF4E-specific ASO administration did not affect body weight, organ weight, or liver transaminase levels, thereby providing the first in vivo evidence that cancers may be more susceptible to eIF4E inhibition than normal tissues. These data have prompted eIF4E-specific ASO clinical trials for the treatment of human cancers.
The Epithelium as a Target of Glucocorticoid Action in the Treatment of Asthma
Authors: Lisa M. Schwiebert, Cristiana Stellato, Robert P. Schleimer
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

"The Epithelium as a Target of Glucocorticoid Action in the Treatment of Asthma." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 154(2_pt_2), pp. S16–S20
Appraisal of Myelopoiesis
Authors: Seymour Perry
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

THE assessment of myelopoiesis, both quantitatively and qualitatively, is one of the most important measurements in clinical medicine. A complete blood count is obtained routinely in the course of a physical examination of the patient to appraise the function and state of one of the organs of the body, the bone marrow. It is not usually appreciated that the bone marrow is one of the largest organs, approximating the size and weight of the liver, and that it is one of the most active, producing great numbers of new cells, particularly myeloid elements. It has been estimated that approximately 10 . . .
IMPACT OF TREATMENT MODALITIES ON HEALTH STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA
Authors: Eldrin F. Lewis, Rui Wang, Stuart Quan, Daniel Gottlieb, Deepak Bhatt, Roger Blumenthal, Reena Mehra, Naresh Punjabi, Sanjay Patel, Jia Weng, Susan Redline
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Syndrome of Hypoplasia of the Right Lung and Dextroposition of the Heart: "Scimitar Sign" with Normal Pulmonary Venous Drainage
Authors: JACOB R. MORGAN, ALAN D. FORKER
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Reported is a case in which the clinical findings of the scimitar syndrome were present but with termination of the anomalous pulmonary vein into the left atrium. There was hypoplasia of the right lung, dextroposition of the heart, and the scimitar sign in the right lower lung field. Cardiac catheterization revealed no shunt, and on pulmonary angiograms, a large common right pulmonary vein curved toward the diaphragm (as in the usual case of the scimitar syndrome), but then reversed course to enter the left atrium. No connection with the inferior vena cava was present.
CALCIUM SCORE, CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE EXTENT AND SEVERITY, AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES AMONG LOW FRAMINGHAM RISK PATIENTS WITH LOW VERSUS HIGH LIFETIME RISK: RESULTS FROM THE CONFIRM REGISTRY
Authors: Edward Hulten, Todd Villines, Daniel Berman, Allison Dunning, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz Al-Mallah, Matthew Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Tracy Callister, Hyuk-Jae Chang, Victor Cheng, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Benjamin Chow, Ricardo Cury, Augustin DeLago, gudrun feuchtner, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp Kaufmann, Yong-Jin Kim, Fay Lin, Gilbert Raff, Troy LaBounty, Leslee Shaw, James Min
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
CLINICAL RESULTS WITH THE USE OF DEANOL (DEANER<sup>®</sup>) IN SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: VERONICA M. PENNINGTON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1959)

Deanol was used in 100 institutionalized female schizophrenics. It was moderately effective in 25%, producing increased interest in milieu, work and recreation, and decreasing somatic delusional trends, depression, retardation, and mutism. Side actions were minimal, and all were controlled by dosage regulation.
Neurodegeneration in the age of molecular biology
Authors: L. I Golbe
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Clinicians still think of neurodegenerative disorders in terms of nonspecific, 19th century style palliation. For a few disorders, we can temporarily relieve symptoms by pharmacological or surgical manipulation of the neurotransmitters emitted by the degenerating neurones. In the past decade, thinking about these disorders has been reordered by the discovery that most of them feature excessive protein misfolding and intracellular protein aggregation. This insight could permit us to interrupt the process of neuronal loss itself.

Tau, an important component of cytoskeletal physiology, is the protein that aggregates most commonly in neurodegenerative diseases, both in terms of number of disorders and numbers of patients affected. It forms the neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease, Pick's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, frontotemporal dementia, corticobasal degeneration, postencephalitic parkinsonism, and a handful of others.

Next most common, at least in terms of population prevalence, is β-amyloid, principal component of the amyloid plaques of Alzheimer's disease. Another protein with epidemiological importance is α-synuclein, which forms …
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy
Authors: Pamela S. Grim
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy involves intermittent inhalation of 100% oxygen under a pressure greater than 1 atm. Despite over a century of use in medical settings, hyperbaric oxygen remains a controversial therapy. The last 20 years have seen a clarification of the mechanism of action of hyperbaric therapy and a greater understanding of its potential benefit. However, despite the substantial evidence that hyperbaric oxygen may have a therapeutic effect in certain carefully defined disease states, many practitioners remain unaware of these findings or are concerned about using hyperbaric therapy because of the controversy it has engendered. This review examines the indications currently considered appropriate for hyperbaric oxygen and briefly evaluates animal and clinical data substantiating these indications. Areas in which the mechanism of action of hyperbaric oxygen is still not well understood, as well as possible new areas of applications, are discussed.