tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A phase I-II study of 9-cis retinoic acid and interferon-α2b in patients with advanced renal-cell carcinoma: An NCIC Clinical Trials Group study
Authors: W.H. Miller, L.M. Reyno, G.R. Loewen, S. Huan, E. Winquist, M. Moore, A. Cato, D. Jaunakais, J.A. Truglia, S. Matthews, J. Dancey, E. Eisenhauer
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2000)
Establishing a standardized quality management system for the European Health Network GA<sup>2</sup>LEN*
Authors: L. Heinzerling, G. Burbach, P. Van Cauwenberge, P. Papageorgiou, K.‐H. Carlsen, K. C. Lødrup Carlsen, T. Zuberbier
Journal: Allergy (2009)

To cite this article: Heinzerling L, Burbach G, van Cauwenberge P, Papageorgiou P, Carlsen K‐H, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Zuberbier T. Establishing a standardized quality management system for the European Health Network GA 2 LEN. Allergy 2010; 65 : 743–752. Abstract Background: Quality management is increasingly important in clinical practice. The Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA 2 LEN) is a network of clinical and scientific excellence with originally 25 allergy centres in 16 European countries, a scientific society (European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology), and a patient organization (European Federation of Allergy and Airways Diseases Patients’ Associations). Although some allergy centres adhere to internal quality criteria, the implementation of a standardized quality management system for allergy centres across Europe was lacking. Objectives: To implement standardized quality criteria among allergy centres organized within GA 2 LEN and thus ensure equal standards of diagnosis and care as well as to establish a culture of continuous quality improvement. Methods: Quality criteria covering, e.g., diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and emergency preparedness to assure patient safety were developed and agreed upon by all 25 participating centres. To assure implementation of quality criteria, centres were audited to check quality indicators and document deviations. A follow‐up survey was used to assess the usefulness of the project. Results: Deviations were documented mainly in the areas of emergency care/patient safety (27.3% lacked regular emergency training of doctors and nurses; 22.7% inadequate emergency intervention equipment; 22.7% lacked critical incidence reporting/root cause analyses) and handling of extracts/pharmaceuticals (31.8% lacked temperature logs of fridges; 4.5% inadequate check of expiration dates). Quality improvement was initiated as shown by findings of re‐audits. Usefulness of the project was rated high. Conclusion: The establishment of a quality management system with joint standards of care and harmonized procedures can be achieved in an international health network and ensures quality of care.
Development and Evaluation of an Index That Predicts Pulmonary Fungal Infection in Patients with Febrile Neutropenia
Authors: Tomonori Hidaka, Akira Kitanaka, Ayako Kamiunten, Masaaki Sekine, Yoko Kubuki, Yoshinobu Kanda, Kazuya Shimoda
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Neoadjuvant Imatinib for Borderline Resectable GIST
Authors: M. Zach Koontz, Brendan M. Visser, Pamela L. Kunz
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2012)

A 36-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with black stools and syncope. Her hemoglobin was 7.0 and her red blood cells were microcytic. Upper endoscopy did not identify a clear source of bleeding, but a bulge in the third portion of the duodenum was noted. A CT scan showed a large extraintestinal mass, and follow-up esophagogastroduodenoscopy/endoscopic ultrasound with biopsy revealed a spindle cell neoplasm, consistent with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). Because of the size of the lesion and association with the superior mesenteric vein and common bile duct, she was referred to medical oncology for consideration of neoadjuvant imatinib. Neoadjuvant tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy for GISTs is emerging as a viable treatment strategy for borderline resectable tumors, although the dose, duration, and optimal imaging modalities have not been clearly established. Recent pathologic and radiographic data have provided insight into the mechanism and kinetics of this approach. This case report presents a patient for whom surgery was facilitated using neoadjuvant imatinib.
Capacity of Mammary Fat Pads of Adult C3H/HeMs Mice To Interact Morphogenetically With Fetal Mammary Epithelium2
Authors: Teruyo Sakakura, Yasuaki Nishizuka, Clyde J. Dawe
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

When rudimentary mammary epithelium from 13- to 17-day female C3H/HeMs fetuses was transplanted into gland-free mammary fat pads of 3-week-old mice, organogenetic development of the grafts occurred, resembling that seen in normal mammary gland morphogenesis. Initial developmental growth did not require the reproductive hormones. Mammary fat pads of juvenile (3-wk-old), young adult (8- to 12-wk-old), and fully matured (40-wk-old) females had equal ability to interact morphogenetically with fetal mammary epithelium. Fetal pulmonary, pancreatic, and salivary gland epithella showed no morphogenetic response within adult mammary fat. An exception was rudimentary hair follicle epithellum, which underwent extensive development toward hair follicles within mammary fat. Mammary glands that developed from rudimentary mammary epithellum transplanted into gland-free fat pads underwent morphologic changes characteristic of lactation when the hosts bore young.
Enzyme Alterable Alkylating Agents. VI. Synthesis, Chemical Properties, Toxicities, and Clinical Trial of Haloacetates and Haloacetamides Containing Enzyme-Susceptible Bonds&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: S. P. Kramer, L. E. Goodman, H. Dorfman, R. Solomon, A. M. Rutenburg, E. Pineda, L. L. Nason, A. Ulfohn, S. D. Gaby, D. Bakal, C. E. Williamson, J. I. Miller, S. Sass, B. Witten, A. M. Seligman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

In a chemotherapy program designed to take advantage of possible hydrolytic enzyme deficiency in tumor cells, a series of esters and amides containing haloacetyl groups were synthesized, and their chemical properties and toxicities determined. The iodoacetyl derivatives are potent alkylating agents extremely stable in water. The bifunctional iodo esters are readily attacked enzymatically, as shown by the rapid splitting of the ester link in the presence of human, dog, or mouse serum, various tissue homogenates of the mouse and dog, and commercially available enzymes. The acid formed on hydrolysis of the bifunctional iodoacetates is less toxic than the parent compound. If cytotoxicity is involved, this is consistent with the biochemical requirement that enzymatic detoxification occurs in certain normal cells more readily than in some tumor cells. Two of 31 patients with gastrointestinal carcinoma showed objective evidence of an effect of agent S-10 on their tumors. This agent has little toxicity and may be given for long periods without cumulative effects or bone marrow toxicity.
Abstract 265: Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) Is All About Airway-Circulation-Leadership-Support (A-C-L-S): A Novel CPR Teamwork Model
Authors: Kah Meng Chong, Eric H Chou, Chih-Wei Yang, Hui-Chih Wang, Edward P Huang, Yen-Pin Chen, Jinn-Wei Chen, Yueh-Ping Liu, Wen-Chu Chiang, Patrick C Ko, Matthew H Ma
Journal: Circulation (2014)

INTRODUCTION: CPR is a time critical, fast-changing, complex and error-prone medical practice. Teamwork is vital to the success of high quality CPR, but so far we lack a simple and easy to learn teamwork model. A-C-L-S team was designed for this purpose. This article will describe the methodology, education, and preliminary results of A-C-L-S teamwork model. METHODS: All ACLS related technical or non-technical skills were carefully examined and transformed into A-C-L-S teamwork framework which is based on four CPR positions: Airway, Circulation, Leader, and Support (Figure). A high fidelity simulation-based training course was designed to help rescuer mastering each CPR position and its related tasks, mnemonics and assist devices. At last, we applied a 10-item questionnaire using 5-point Likert scale to evaluate perception of CPR teamwork before and after the course. RESULTS: From April to June 2014, six A-C-L-S team-training courses were delivered to 42 ED staff (12 residents and 30 nurses, all qualified...
Altered Left Ventricular Geometry Changes the Border Zone Temporal Distribution of Stress in an Experimental Model of Left Ventricular Aneurysm: A Finite Element Model Study
Authors: Pavlos Moustakidis, Hersh S. Maniar, Brian P. Cupps, Tarek Absi, Jie Zheng, Julius M. Guccione, Thoralf M. Sundt, Michael K. Pasque
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Left ventricular aneurysm (LVA) is a significant complication of myocardial infarction that may lead to global left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. However, the exact mechanism underlying the abnormal function has not been elucidated. In this study we tested the hypothesis that changes in LV geometry cause both an increase in wall stress and a change in the temporal distribution of stress in the LVA border zone (BZ) during systole.Transmural anteroapical infarcts were created in adult Dorsett sheep (n=8) and were allowed to mature into LVAs for 10 weeks. Animals were imaged subsequently using MRI with simultaneous recording of intraventricular pressures. Cardiac models were constructed from the MRI images at end-diastole, isovolumic systole, peak-systole and end-systole. Two short-axis slices, 1 basal and 1 apical were analyzed. The apical slice included the septal and anterior component of the aneurysm as well as the corresponding BZs and normal myocardium. Regional wall stresses were calculated using finite element analysis and compared with stresses in corresponding regions from normal control sheep (n=7).In the LVA group, stress was significantly increased in the BZ at the end-diastolic, isovolumic, peak-systolic, and end-systolic instants (P<0.001 for all). In addition the temporal distribution of stress was significantly altered with maximum stress occurring at peak instead of isovolumic systole.Geometric changes in the LVA hearts increased wall stress and altered its temporal distribution in the BZ region. Correlation of this finding with the corresponding regional blood flow, oxygen consumption, and mechanical systolic performance may help elucidate the mechanism underlying the observed global LV dysfunction.
Pharmacokinetics, Antitumor Activity, and Safety of ODM-201 in Patients with Chemotherapy-naive Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: An Open-label Phase 1 Study
Authors: Christophe Massard, Heidi M. Penttinen, Egils Vjaters, Petri Bono, Vilnis Lietuvietis, Teuvo L. Tammela, Annamari Vuorela, Pirjo Nykänen, Pasi Pohjanjousi, Amir Snapir, Karim Fizazi
Journal: European Urology (2015)

ODM-201 is a novel second-generation androgen receptor inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of ODM-201 tablet products and preliminary long-term safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of ODM-201 in chemotherapy-naive men with mCRPC. Thirty patients were enrolled in this open-label phase 1 trial. Patients received a single 600-mg dose of ODM-201 in capsules with food and one 600-mg dose of ODM-201 tablet product (TabA or TabB) with food and in the fasted state in a random order. In the extension, patients received 600 mg twice daily ODM-201 taken with food in capsules. We analyzed the pharmacokinetics of ODM-201 tablet formulations. Safety and tolerability were assessed until disease progression or an intolerable adverse event (AE). Antitumor activity was assessed by prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels and imaging. The capsule:TabA ratio of area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to the last sample at 48 h was 1.06 (90% confidence interval [CI], 0.91–1.24); the capsule:TabB ratio was 0.97 (90% CI, 0.82–1.14). At week 12, 25 of 30 patients (83%) had a PSA response (≥50% reduction from baseline). Median time to radiographic progression was 66 wk (95% CI, 41–79). Most common AEs were fatigue (n = 4 [13%]) and nausea (n = 4 [13%]). The study showed that the tablet formulation of ODM-201 had similar pharmacokinetics compared with the capsule. Treatment with a 600-mg twice daily dose of ODM-201 provided anticancer activity and was well tolerated in men with chemotherapy-naive mCRPC. The findings of this study showed that ODM-201 is well tolerated and provided antitumor activity in chemotherapy-naive patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) and that the 300-mg tablet formulation can be used in further clinical studies. A phase 3 trial with ODM-201 600 mg twice daily in patients with non-mCRPC is ongoing.
Cost-effective Melanoma Screening
Authors: June K. Robinson, Allan C. Halpern
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Despite recent advances in immunotherapy and molecularly targeted therapies for advanced melanoma, early detection remains the most effective means of preventing death from melanoma. In 2015, an estimated 73 000 new cases of invasive melanoma will be diagnosed in the United States, and approximately 9900 people will die of the disease.1 To date, early-detection efforts for melanoma in the United States have relied on self-detection and opportunistic screening. The recent experience in Germany suggests a role for organized population-based screening to reduce melanoma mortality. The Skin Cancer Research to Provide Evidence for Effectiveness of Screening program in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, was associated with a 40% decrease in melanoma mortality.2,3 In comparison, mortality in nearby Denmark and the rest of Germany changed very little during the same period (2000-2009). If reduction in melanoma mortality is sustained in the current program for the rest of Germany, then the benefit of organized screening in reducing mortality will have been replicated on a large scale.
Drug interaction in tuberculosis treatment - The role of pharmacists
Authors: Nanca Cebron Lipovec, Janez Toni, Petra Svetina Sorli, Mitja Kosnik
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction  Tuberculosis as a disease demands long-term multidrug treatment. Most first-line antituberculotic drugs have clinically significant interactions with numerous drugs. In our clinic pharmacists review the drug therapy of all patients receiving antituberculotic drugs.  Aim  To screen for drug interactions in patients with first-line antituberculotic drugs and assess their clinical significance.  Methods  From June 2011 to February 2012 clinical pharmacists performed regular reviews of interactions with first-line antituberculotic therapy in 57 hospitalized patients. The detected interactions were discussed with the doctor and changes in therapy implemented. Data on detected interactions were collected and analysed.  Results  Drug interactions were identified in 33,3% (18/54) of patients. The average number of drug interactions per patients was 1,4 (25/18). Most interactions (92%, 23/25) were with rifampicin, 8% (2/25) were with isoniazide. The most common interacting drugs were bisoprolol (5/25), esomeprazole and methadone (each 3/25) and clopidogrel and statins (each 2/29). Other interactions were with warfarin, carbamazepin, methyldigoxin, methylprednisolon, citalopram, risperidon, fentanyl, lercadipine, omeprazole and carvedilol (each 1/29).  Conclusion  Every third patient receiving first-line antituberculotic therapy is at risk of experiencing an interaction with drugs in chronic therapy. These drugs belong to various different drug groups. Clinical pharmacists can detect these interactions and suggest interventions to assure safe and effective therapy. The actual clinical significance of these interactions is yet to be analysed.  The project was supported by a grant of the Health Insurance Institute of Slovenia.
Multiple Primary Neoplasms in Blacks Compared to Whites. IV. Further Cancers in Patients With Cancer of the Digestive Organs&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G R Newell, E T Krementz, J D Roberts
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1975)

Second primary cancers found among whites and blacks with initial cancer of the digestive organs were reported based on data from the Charity Hospital Tumor Registry. Observed second primary cancers were compared to expected numbers to obtain a direct estimate of risk. Both white and black men had about a twofold risk of developing a second cancer. For white men, the excess was limited to a subsequent skin cancer, but this finding was probably an artifact of reporting and lacked biologic significance. Among women, both white and black, large excesses of invasive cancer of the cervix and ovary were found after an initial cancer of the large intestine and anorectum was discovered. No excess of breast cancer was found.
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: PROTOTYPE OF IMMUNE COMPLEX NEPHRITIS IN MAN
Authors: D. Koffler, V. Agnello, R. Thoburn, H. G. Kunkel
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1971)

Serological studies, immunofluorescence studies, and immunochemical assays of glomerular eluates indicate that several antigen-antibody systems may be involved in the pathogenesis of the tissue lesions of SLE. The NDNA-anti-NDNA system appears to be operative in most patients with active SLE. In addition, antibodies to SDNA are found with considerable frequency in SLE sera and glomerular eluates. It is not known if these antibodies fix to NDNA which has been denatured after deposition in glomeruli or if SDNA-anti-DNA complexes are deposited initially. NDNA antigen has been demonstrated in both serum and glomerular deposits, and SDNA determinants have also been found in glomerular deposits. In addition, there is evidence that rheumatoid factor contributes to the immune complex deposition in certain patients either by fixing to preformed immune complexes or as part of an independent γ-globulin-anti-γ-globulin system. It is anticipated that the definition of these immune systems, and the assessment of their relative toxicity will provide insight into underlying etiologic factors as well as provide a sound basis for therapy in this form of glomerulonephritis.
Genotypes of the circulating rotavirus strains in the seven prevaccine seasons from September 2000 to August 2007 in South Korea
Authors: H.S. Jeong, K.B. Lee, A.-Y. Jeong, M.Y. Jo, S.Y. Jung, J.H. Ahn, Y. Jee, J. Kim, D.-S. Cheon
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Gastrointestinal dysfunction in ventilated patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Christian M. Lo Cascio, Oliver Götze, Tsogyal D. Latshang, Sena Kuyumcu, Werner Schwizer, Malcolm Kohler, Konrad E. Bloch
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  To evaluate mechanisms of abdominal discomfort in Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients with chronic respiratory failure we assessed symptoms and measured gastric-intestinal transport.   Methods:  In 33 DMD patients, age 9-38y, questionnaires, clinical examinations and the DMD impairment score (Kohler 2009) were obtained. Gastric and intestinal transits were measured by  13 C breath tests and by radiography after ingestion of radio-opaque markers.   Results:  23 of 33 patients complained of bloating and chronic constipation; 21 regularly used laxatives. 10 were not on PPV, 5 on PVV at night, 8 on 24h PPV. Gastric emptying and intestinal transit were increasingly delayed with older age and higher impairment scores.  Use of PPV was correlated with accelerated gastric emptying when controlled for impairment (R=-0.43, P=0.048). Massive gastro-intestinal air accumulation was common.   Conclusions:  Gastro-intestinal disturbances in DMD patients are common and related to delayed gastric and intestinal transit with increasing age, progression of physical impairment and respiratory failure. PPV may accelerate the delayed gastric emptying, possibly by esophago-gastric air inflation.
Aggravated restenosis and atherogenesis in ApoCIII transgenic mice but lack of protection in ApoCIII knockouts: the effect of authentic triglyceride-rich lipoproteins with and without ApoCIII
Authors: Haibo Li, Yingchun Han, Rong Qi, Yuhui Wang, Xiaohong Zhang, Maomao Yu, Yin Tang, Mengyu Wang, Ya-Nan Shu, Wei Huang, Xinfeng Liu, Brian Rodrigues, Mei Han, George Liu
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2015)

Previously, our group and others have demonstrated a causative relationship between severe hypertriglyceridaemia and atherogenesis in mice. Furthermore, clinical investigations have shown high levels of plasma Apolipoprotein C-III (ApoCIII) associated with hypertriglyceridaemia and even cardiovascular disease. However, it remains unclear whether ApoCIII affects restenosis in vivo, and whether such an effect is mediated by ApoCIII alone, or in combination with hypertriglyceridaemia. We sought to investigate ApoCIII in restenosis and clarify how smooth muscle cells (SMCs) respond to authentic triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) with or without ApoCIII (TRLs ± ApoCIII).ApoCIII transgenic (ApoCIIItg) and knockout (ApoCIII-/-) mice underwent endothelial denudation to model restenosis. Here, ApoCIIItg mice displayed severe hypertriglyceridaemia and increased neointimal formation compared with wild-type (WT) or ApoCIII-/- mice. Furthermore, increased proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells, Mac-3, and vascular cell adhesion protein-1 (VCAM-1) expression, and 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE) production were found in lesion sites. ApoCIIItg and ApoCIII-/- mice were then crossed to low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient (Ldlr-/-) mice and fed an atherogenic diet. ApoCIIItg/Ldlr-/- mice had significantly increased atherosclerotic lesions. However, there was no statistical difference in restenosis between ApoCIII-/- and WT mice, and in atherosclerosis between ApoCIII/Ldlr double knockout and Ldlr-/- mice. SMCs were then incubated in vitro with authentic TRLs ± ApoCIII isolated from extreme hypertriglyceridaemia glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored high-density lipoprotein-binding protein 1-deficient (GPIHBP1-/-) mice crossed with ApoCIIItg or ApoCIII-/- mice. It was shown that TRLs + ApoCIII promoted SMC proliferation, VCAM-1 expression, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and activated the Akt pathway. Scavenging ROS significantly reduced SMC activation caused by TRLs + ApoCIII.Severe hypertriglyceridaemia resulting from ApoCIII overexpression promotes restenosis and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that TRLs + ApoCIII promotes SMC proliferation.