tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A mineral sunscreen affords genomic protection against ultraviolet (UV) B and UVA radiation: in vitro and in situ assays
Authors: None Cayrol, None Sarraute, None Tarroux, None Redoules, None Charveron, None Gall
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation has been shown to be responsible for different biological effects on human skin, including the initiation of photocarcinogenesis. Both UVB and UVA have been described as mutagenic, but the processes by which they alter the DNA are different. Although cells can repair DNA damage, some deleterious mutations nevertheless appear and can promote cancer. The risk of photocarcinogenesis is acknowledged and the frequency of photogenodermatosis is increasing. In order to evaluate the protection efficacy of a high sun protection factor (SPF) mineral sunscreen against UVB- and UVA-induced genomic alterations, we have followed two approaches. First, we have tested the sunscreen for its ability to decrease the unscheduled DNA synthesis response in vitro in human fibroblasts, as an indirect measure of UVB-induced lesions (0.005 and 0.01 J/cm2), and second, we have verified its ability to reduce the in situ end-labelling intensity in human skin as a direct measure of UVA-induced single-strand breaks (10 J/cm2). Microscopic analysis clearly demonstrated the protective effect of the sunscreen against UVB and UVA. A dose-dependent effect of mineral sunscreens was observed. There was also a relationship between the SPF and genomic protection. By limiting the accumulation of UV-induced lesions on DNA, this mineral sunscreen could limit the mutation frequency.
Searching for Margaret
Authors: A M Murphy
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Global Antitobacco Treaty
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Adequate Treatment of Anemia
Authors: George R. Minot, William B. Castle
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1931)

Article1 August 1931The Adequate Treatment of AnemiaGEORGE R. MINOT, M.D., S.D., F.A.C.P., WILLIAM B. CASTLE, M.D., F.A.C.P.GEORGE R. MINOT, M.D., S.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, WILLIAM B. CASTLE, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-5-2-159 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONThe adequate treatment of anemia necessitates removal of the causes, whether proximate or remote, with attention to all aspects of a given case. The dependence to a greater or less degree of many cases of anemia upon an inadequate nutrition of the individual either produced directly by defects of the diet, or indirectly conditioned by a defect of the individual, makes the study of this aspect of the problem of primary importance. For this reason, it is our object not to discuss the use of special procedures such as transfusion of blood or splenectomy, but to emphasize the importance... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Boston, Massachusetts*From the Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Second and Fourth Medical Services (Harvard), Boston City Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School.†Read at the Baltimore Meeting of the American College of Physicians, March 27, 1931.**Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Director of Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Second and Fourth Medical Services (Harvard), Boston City Hospital.***Assistant Professor of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Associate Physician, Thorndike Memorial Laboratory, Boston City Hospital. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByThe complete treatment of pernicious anemiaThe use of copper and iron in the treatment of secondary anemia in childrenThe influence of fruit and vegetable feeding upon the iron metabolism of the infantFunktionelle Pathologie der Erythrocyten 1 August 1931Volume 5, Issue 2Page: 159-169KeywordsAnemiaBlood transfusionDietHospital medicineMedical servicesNutritionResearch laboratoriesSplenectomy Issue Published: 1 August 1931 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Relative quantification and mapping of hepatitis C virus by<i>in situ</i>hybridization and digital image analysis
Authors: Jaime Gosálvez, Elena Rodríguez-Iñigo, José L. Ramiro-Díaz, Javier Bartolomé, José F. Tomás, Horacio Oliva, Vicente Carreño
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Although several reports concerning the detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) by in situ hybridization have been published, there are no data concerning the relative viral load in infected hepatocytes or about its relation with serum viremia levels. To address these issues, liver biopsies from 10 patients with chronic hepatitis C were analyzed by in situ hybridization and digital image analysis of hybridization signals. Serum HCV RNA levels were measured using the Amplicor Monitor test. HCV RNA was detected by in situ hybridization in the hepatocytes of the ten liver samples. The hybridization signals were mainly found in the cytoplasm. The relative viral load per infected cell fit the second order polynomial curves in all cases. The minimum and maximum relative viral load per infected hepatocyte differed in the ten cases; however, large differences were not observed in the mean relative viral load among the samples, especially when compared with the increasing values detected for copy number per milliliter in serum. The percentage of infected cells ranged from 4.8% to 87.6% in the ten cases. The percentage of positive cells correlated with the serum viremia levels. Our data suggest that HCV viremia does not depend on the relative viral load per infected cell but on the number of infected hepatocytes.
809. PhiC31 Integrase Mediates Site-Specific Genomic Integration in Rabbit Cells and Rabbit Knee Joints
Authors: Annahita Keravala, Joan Nash, Joylette L. Portlock, Paul D. Robbins, Michele P. Calos
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
A safe and effective gene delivery vector is vital to successful gene therapy. A major limitation of non-viral gene delivery has been transient gene expression. Site-specific integration of vector DNA into the host genome could confer prolonged, therapeutic levels of gene expression with limited toxicity. Additionally, site-specific integration may mitigate safety concerns regarding integration of the vector DNA into genomic sites that could induce malignancies by activation of proto-oncogenes or inactivation of tumor-suppressor genes. Previous studies have demonstrated the successful use of the phage phiC31 integrase for achieving genomic integration of plasmids bearing an attB site in human and mouse cells. In this report we evaluate the potential of phiC31 integrase in rabbit cells and tissue. PhiC31 integrase is a unidirectional site-specific recombinase belonging to the serine family. We demonstrate that co-transfection of a plasmid expressing phiC31 integrase with a plasmid containing the transgene of interest and an attB site increases the level of gene expression by increasing the frequency of stable gene integration in cultured rabbit cells. Plasmid rescue and DNA sequence analysis reveals specific integration sites at pseudo attP sequences in the rabbit genome. Lastly, we show significantly higher levels of transgene expression in vivo in rabbit knee joints of an attB-reporter gene plasmid when co-introduced with a plasmid expressing phiC31 integrase. These data suggest that phiC31 integrase-mediated integration of plasmid DNA can provide high-level, persistent gene expression in rabbit, as has been observed in several other mammalian species. Furthermore, the ability of the phiC31 integrase to facilitate long-term gene delivery to the synovium in the rabbit knee suggests that this integrase system could be appropriate for intra-articular delivery of therapeutic genes for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and other joint diseases.
Abstract 20330: Cerebral Artery Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Greater Large Artery Stiffness
Authors: Ashley E Walker, Grant D Henson, Kelly D Reihl, Parker S Dobson, Elizabeth I Nielson, Jing Ling, Dean Y Li, Lisa A Lesniewski, Anthony J Donato
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Advancing age, as well as diseases such as diabetes, are characterized by increased large artery stiffness and increased cerebrovascular disease risk. It has been hypothesized that cerebral artery dysfunction connects these events; however a cause-and-effect relation between large artery stiffening and altered cerebral artery dilation and constriction has not been established. We studied elastin heterozygous mice (Eln+/-) as a model of increased large artery stiffness without co-morbidity. Eln+/- mice had ~35% greater aortic stiffness (pulse wave velocity) compared with Eln+/+ (p=0.04), but stiffness of the middle cerebral artery (MCA, ex vivo passive response) was similar between groups (p>0.05). MCA endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD), assessed by the maximal dilation to acetylcholine, was ~40% lower in Eln+/- compared with Eln+/+ (p 0.05), indicating that reduced NO bioavailability mediated ...
Thymidylate synthase is a predictor of chemosensitivity to different 5-fluorouracil regimens in primary colorectal cancer.
Authors: Kenji Okumura, Eiji Mekata, Hisanori Shiomi, Yoshihiro Endo, Yoshimasa Kurumi, Tohru Tani
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

B41   Purpose: To identify the good marker for the help of adjuvant 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) therapy to primary colorectal cancer by using different 5-FU regimens. Patients and methods: Primary colorectal cancer tissue from 24 patients were investigated to evaluate the relationship between the mRNA expression level of several 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-related metabolic enzymes (thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD), and thymidine phosphorylase(TP)) and chemosensitivity to 2 different 5-FU regimens (1. 5-FU concentration 1.0 μg/mL, 24 h exposure 2. 5-FU concentration 0.3 μg/mL, 144 h exposure). Chemosensitivity and mRNA expression levels were measured by using collagen gel droplet embedded culture drug sensitivity tests and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Results: The TS mRNA expression level were significantly higher in 5-FU resistant group (T/C > 60%) compared with 5-FU sensitive one (T/C   the average, 3.83) were more resistant to both 5-FU regimens than the one with lower TS mRNA (
Abstract 4871: Circulating Endothelial Microparticles: A Novel Biomarker for Prediction of Subsequent Death and Cardiovascular Events in End-stage Renal Disease
Authors: Nicolas Amabile, Chantal M Boulanger, Alain P Guérin, Alain Tedgui, Gérard M London
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Endothelial dysfunction is closely associated with increased circulating levels of endothelial microparticles (EMPs) in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). As arterial damage is a major contributor to cardiovascular mortality, we examined whether or not circulating levels of EMPs could predict outcome in ESRD. Methods: This prospective study included 81 stable hemodialyzed patients with ESRD (age 59±14 yr; 63% male; follow-up 57 months). Baseline plasma microparticles (MPs) levels, cell origin and reproducibility were analyzed by flow cytometry. The primary end-point was the occurrence of any death. Secondary end-points included cardiovascular death and occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Results: Non-survivors (n=19) were older (70.6±9.2, vs. 55.1±13.2 y, p&lt;0.001) and were characterized by lower diastolic blood pressure (70.8±10.5 vs. 80±12.4 mmHg, p&lt;0.01), higher levels of hsCRP (6.9±4.4 vs. 5.0±4.3 mg/L, p&lt;0.05) and endothelial CD31+CD41- EMPs (1822±1516 vs. 934±207 ev/ μ l, p&lt;0.001), whereas other MPs subtypes were not different. Mutivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that baseline EMPs levels independently predicted all-cause death (HR=4.0 [1.2–13.0] per log unit, p=0.02), cardiovascular mortality (HR=8.81 [2.4 –31.8], p&lt;0.001) and MACE (HR=3.28 [1.2 – 8.9], p&lt;0.01) after adjustment for age, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, medications and biological parameters. ROC curve analysis showed that baseline EMPs levels correctly predicted all-causes and cardiovascular mortality (AUC: 0.80±0.008 and 0.83±0.008 respectively, p&lt;0.001 for all). EMP baseline level &gt; 710 event/ μ L correctly identified subsequent death with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 63%. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that survival of patients with EMPs levels above median was worse than other patients (p&lt;0.01, log rank analysis), whereas platelet MPs levels did not affect outcome. Conclusions: Increased circulating levels of endothelial microparticles is a robust independent predictor of all-causes and mainly cardiovascular mortality in patients with ESRD and could help identify asymptomatic patients at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases and adjust therapy.
Rebirthing therapy banned after girl died in 70 minute struggle
Authors: Deborah Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Rebirthing therapy, a controversial treatment for reactive detachment disorder, has been banned in the US state of Colorado one year after it resulted in the death of a 10 year old girl.

Candace Newmaker died during a 70 minute session in which she was wrapped from head to toe and surrounded by pillows. Despite the girl's cries that she was suffocating, the therapists continued to push her in an attempt to simulate uterine contractions. The episode had been videotaped and was used in court against the therapists, who were convicted of reckless child abuse resulting in death and …
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas
Authors: Jerome J. Graber, Antonio M. P. Omuro
Journal: Neuro-Oncology (2012)

Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a non-Hodgkin lymphoma that may develop in both immunocompetent and immunosuppressed patients. Early suspicion based on imaging characteristics may improve diagnostic accuracy, avoid inappropriate interventions, and expedite appropriate therapy. Treatment with high dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy, with or without radiotherapy, may result in long-term survival in up to 25% of patients. However, the optimal regimen remains to be determined, and disease relapses and treatment-related CNS neurotoxicity remain common.
127. Adenovirus Type 5 Vectors Pseudotyped with Fibers from Subgroup D (19p and 37) Show Detargeting from Hepatocytes In Vitro and In Vivo
Authors: Soumitra Roy, David Clawson, Corinna Lebherz, Roberto Calcedo, Julio Sanmiguel, Di Wu, James M. Wilson
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Use of adenoviral gene therapy vectors based on different non-cross reacting serotypes is being investigated by several groups as a means to administer adenoviral vectors, either in a re-administration setting, or in subjects with circulating antibodies against the common serotypes such as Ad2 or Ad5. We have previously developed GFP expressing vectors using the chimpanzee adenoviruses Pan 6 (C6-GFP) and Pan 7 (C7-GFP). We have determined that administration of either one of the two chimpanzee adenovirus vectors does not affect the transduction efficiency of the other vector while re-administration of the same vector is severely compromised. Adenoviruses have three major capsid proteins, hexon, penton base, and fiber, which elicit the production of circulating antibodies. We wished to elucidate the relative importance of each of the three capsid components in preventing transduction in a gene therapy setting. In order to do this we have generated a panel of GFP expressing vectors that are chimeric between Pan 6 and Pan 7 where the hexon protein or the fiber protein or both hexon and fiber proteins of the Pan 7 vector have been replaced by those from Pan 6. Balb/C mice were immunized with either Pan 6 or Pan 7 and re-administration (by tail vein injection) was attempted 3 weeks later using each of the five GFP expressing vectors (C6-GFP, C7-GFP, and the three chimeric vectors). Three days later the level of liver transduction was estimated qualitatively by examining liver sections for the presence of GFP expression and quantitatively by estimating copies of GFP DNA by Taqman analysis. The data showed that antibodies to both hexon and fiber are important in preventing re-administration of adenoviral vectors.
Abstract 20360: MRI Assessment of Diastolic and Systolic Intraventricular Pressure Gradients in Heart Failure
Authors: Francisco J Londoño, Patrick Segers, Prithvi Shiva kumar, Prasad Konda, Payman Zamani, Rushik Bhuva, Anjaneyulu Dunde, Victor Ferrari, Julio A Chirinos
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Non-invasive assessment of left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is an important goal to better understand physiologic abnormalities in heart failure. The spatiotemporal pattern of LV blood flow velocities during early filling can be used to estimate intraventricular pressure gradients driving early filling. MRI can provide accurate flow velocity information in the LV, but this method has not been exploited to assess diastolic function in heart failure (HF). Aim: To assess differences in intraventricular pressure gradients in heart failure and preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFREF), compared to subjects without HF. Methods: We studied 23 subjects without HF, 13 subjects with HFREF and 14 subjects with HFPEF. Intraventricular flow during diastole was measured using 2D in-plane phase-contrast MRI. We solved the Eulier equations to compute intraventricular pressure gradients during LV early filling (figure) and during ejection. Results: Whereas the initial velocity of wave propagation (was not significantly different between the groups, the terminal diastolic propagation velocity during early diastolic filling was significantly slower (P=0.004) in HFREF (5.2 m/s; 95%CI=3.9-6.8) than in patients with HFPEF (9.5; 95%CI=6.6-13.6) or subjects without HF (8.9; 95%CI=7.3-10.7). In contrast, HFPEF was associated with a greater amplitude of the reversal of the base-to-apex intraventricular pressure gradient during early filling (β=-0.34; P=0.04), which was driven by the inertial component. Conclusions: HFPEF and HFREF are associated with distinct patterns of intraventricular pressure gradient abnormalities during early diastolic filling. Our findings support fundamental differences in the nature of diastolic dysfunction in these 2 conditions.
Tropical forest remnants Edited by W.F. Laurance and R.O. Bieiregaard, Jr University of Chicago Press, 1997. £83.95/$ 105.00 hbk, £30.50/$38.00 pbk (632 pages) ISBN 0 226 46898 4 / 0 226 46899 2
Authors: E Leigh
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (1997)
Fgf9 from dermal γδ T cells induces hair follicle neogenesis after wounding
Authors: Denise Gay, Ohsang Kwon, Zhikun Zhang, Michelle Spata, Maksim V Plikus, Phillip D Holler, Mayumi Ito, Zaixin Yang, Elsa Treffeisen, Chang D Kim, Arben Nace, Xiaohong Zhang, Sheena Baratono, Fen Wang, David M Ornitz, Sarah E Millar, George Cotsarelis
Journal: Nature Medicine (2013)