tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Seliciclib (R-roscovitine) induces apoptosis in undifferentiated nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) in vivo and in vitro
Authors: B. C. Goh, B.-K. Peh, C.-Y. Cui, R. Soo, T. Loh, S. Green, W.-S. Hsieh, Y.-F. Lai, M. Salto-Tellez, B. Mow
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

3145 Cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) inhibition mimics tumor suppressor protein function and induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cancer cell lines. Seliciclib, an orally administered inhibitor of CDKs (including 2, 7 and 9), induces apoptosis in several human tumor cell lines through inhibition of anti-apoptotic proteins like Mcl-1, survivin and XIAP. It may also block the cell cycle via inhibition of Rb phosphorylation. Cell cycle dysregulation, with deactivation of p27 and p16 are frequently found in undifferentiated NPC. Loss of p16 leads to Rb phosphorylation and uncontrolled proliferation. Therefore, we sought to evaluate the cellular and molecular effects of seliciclib in NPC in vitro and in vivo. 4 undifferentiated NPC cell lines (CEN-1, CNE-2, HK-1, HONE-1) were exposed to varying concentrations of seliciclib for up to 72 hours and subjected to MTT assay, western blot, and flow cytometric cell cycle analysis. Patients with locally advanced NPC were treated with seliciclib: 800mg bid (level 1) and 400mg bid (level 2) on days 1–3 and 8–12 prior to definitive therapy, and had pre- and post-treatment tumor biopsies (day 12) immunohistochemically (IHC) stained for apoptosis with a monoclonal antibody F7–26 specific for ssDNA, and plasma samples analyzed for cell death markers (TPS assay). Seliciclib induced apoptosis in all cell lines with variable IC50s (13.79–22.10 μM), with cell arrest and accumulation in subG1. Bcl-2 was up-regulated at 12–24 hrs, then down-regulated at 72 hrs following exposure. 11 patients have been treated. At level 1 (n=3), grade 2 nausea/vomiting and grade 3 elevation of ALT occurred in 1 patient each. Level 2 (n=8) dose was tolerable with minimal side effects. 3/8 evaluable patients had >25% reduction in clinically measured cervical lymph nodes. IHC showed expression patterns associated with tumor cell apoptosis. Increase in signal in the TPS assay indicating cell necrosis was seen in a patient. Seliciclib induces apoptosis in NPC in vitro and in vivo. This is proof of principle of seliciclib effect in NPC; further work to define pharmacodynamic markers of response in vitro and in vivo will yield greater insight into the potential mechanisms of action of selciclib in NPC. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration cyclacel Ltd.
Correspondence
Authors: K T Weber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1997)

Drawing on the pioneering work of Leila and Juha Ristelli, her project focused on serologic markers of collagen turnover to address extracellular matrix accumulation in diseased organs.Today, she eagerly looked forward to medical grand rounds and what would prove a standing-room-only session.Pekka Puska, Department of Epidemiology, Na-
Abstract 12397: Detection of Cardiac Involvement in Patients with Sarcoidosis Using Cardiac Magnetic Resonance
Authors: Takashi Iwase, Shoichiro Takao, Masashi Akaike, Takayuki Ise, Toshiyuki Niki, Kenya Kusunose, Yuka Sumitomo-Ueda, Noriko Tomita, Koji Yamaguchi, Yoshio Taketani, Hirotsugu Yamada, Takeshi Soeki, Ken-ichi Aihara, Tetsuzo Wakatsuki, Masafumi Harada, Masataka Sata
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Sarcoidosis is a multiple organ granulomatous disease and cardiac involvement often leads to adverse outcomes. Since cardiac involvement can progress without evident symptoms, it is dif...
Adult-onset Still's disease revealed by a pleuropericarditis
Authors: H Liote, F Liote, F Lenique, BJ Milleron, D Kuntz, GM Akoun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1990)

We report a case of adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) revealed by pleuropericardial manifestations. A 40 yr old black woman was admitted for flu-like syndrome with pharyngitis, hectic fever, polymorphonuclear hyperleucocytosis and pleuropericarditis. The diagnosis of AOSD was supported by 3 major and 3 minor criteria after exclusion of infectious, haematological and connective tissue diseases. Pulmonary involvement is infrequent in AOSD, and consists of transient pulmonary infiltrates and chronic restrictive pattern. However, pleuritis, like pericarditis, is present in 25% of cases. Initial onset of pleuritis, associated with fever and hyperleucocytosis preceding articular manifestations could be responsible for a delay in diagnosis and a subsequent worsening in the prognosis of the disease. A rapid improvement is usually observed under nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug or corticosteroid treatment.
Abstract 14945: Electronic Cigarettes Are Effective for Smoking Cessation: Evidence From a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Muhammad A Rahman, Nicholas R Hann, Andrew M Wilson, George Mnatzaganian, Linda Worrall-Carter
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Smoking is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide. Finding effective interventions for smoking cessation has proven difficult and existing interventions have limited consumer appeal. Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are becoming increasingly popular and a possible role for them in smoking cessation is being debated. Our objective was therefore to analyse existing research to investigate whether use of e-cigarettes is an effective smoking cessation method. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that use of e-cigarettes is an effective smoking cessation method. Methods: A systematic review of articles in English of any publication date was conducted by searching PubMed, Web of Knowledge and Scopus databases. Published studies investigating the effectiveness of e-cigarettes for smoking cessation among current smokers were included. Studies were systematically reviewed, and meta-analyses were conducted using the Mantel-Haenszel fixed-effect and random-effects models. Heterogeneity and quality of the selected studies were also evaluated. Results: Six studies were selected, including two randomised controlled trials, two cohort studies and two cross-sectional studies, and included 7,551 participants. Meta-analyses included 1,242 participants on whom complete smoking cessation data was available. Of these, 224 (18%) reported smoking cessation after using nicotine-enriched e-cigarettes for a minimum period of six months. Use of such e-cigarettes was positively associated with smoking cessation with a pooled Effect Size of 0.20 (95%CI 0.11-0.28). Nicotine filled e-cigarettes were more effective in achieving cessation compared to those without nicotine (pooled Risk Ratio 2.29, 95%CI 1.05-4.97). Use of e-cigarettes was also effective in reducing smokers’ daily cigarette consumption. The studies included were heterogeneous, (I 2 =93%, p&lt;0.001). A meta-regression model showed that 98% of this heterogeneity was caused by study design and gender variation. Conclusions: In conclusion, available literature suggests that the use of e-cigarettes may be an effective alternate smoking cessation method. Further research is required to investigate this among both genders.
Interaction of tetraspan(in) TM4SF5 with CD44 promotes self‐renewal and circulating capacities of hepatocarcinoma cells
Authors: Doohyung Lee, Juri Na, Jihye Ryu, Hye‐Jin Kim, Seo Hee Nam, Minkyung Kang, Jae Woo Jung, Mi‐Sook Lee, Haeng Eun Song, Jungeun Choi, Gyu‐Ho Lee, Tai Young Kim, June‐Key Chung, Ki Hun Park, Sung‐Hak Kim, Hyunggee Kim, Howon Seo, Pilhan Kim, Hyewon Youn, Jung Weon Lee
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Tumor metastasis involves circulating and tumor‐initiating capacities of metastatic cancer cells. Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is related to self‐renewal capacity and circulating tumor cell (CTC) characteristics for tumor metastasis. Although tumor metastasis is a life‐threatening, complicated process that occurs through circulation of tumor cells, mechanistic aspects of self‐renewal and circulating capacities have been largely unknown. Hepatic transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 (TM4SF5) promotes EMT for malignant growth and migration, so it was rationalized that TM4SF5, as a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biomarker, might be important for metastatic potential. Here, self‐renewal capacity by TM4SF5 was mechanistically explored using hepatocarcinoma cells with or without TM4SF5 expression, and we explored whether they became CTCs using mouse liver‐orthotopic model systems. We found that TM4SF5‐dependent sphere growth correlated with CD24 − , aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, as well as a physical association between CD44 and TM4SF5. Interaction between TM4SF5 and CD44 was through their extracellular domains with N ‐glycosylation modifications. TM4SF5/CD44 interaction activated proto‐oncogene tyrosine‐protein kinase Src (c‐Src)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/Twist‐related protein 1 (Twist1)/B‐cell‐specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration site 1 (Bmi1) signaling for spheroid formation, whereas disturbing the interaction, expression, or activity of any component in this signaling pathway inhibited spheroid formation. In serial xenografts using 200∼5,000 cells per injection, TM4SF5‐positive tumors exhibited subpopulations with locally increased CD44 expressions, supporting for tumor cell differentiation. TM4SF5‐positive, but not TM4SF5‐ or CD44‐knocked‐down, cells were identified circulating in blood 4‐6 weeks after orthotopic liver injection using in vivo laser scanning endomicroscopy. Anti‐TM4SF5 reagent blocked their metastasis to distal intestinal organs. Conclusion : TM4SF5 promotes self‐renewal and CTC properties supported by TM4SF5 + /CD44 +(TM4SF5‐bound) /ALDH + /CD24 − markers during HCC metastasis. (H epatology 2015;61:1978‐1997)
Which tissues are best for microbiological diagnosis in patients with pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis undergoing needle biopsy?
Authors: C.-J. Kim, S.-J. Kang, P.G. Choe, W.B. Park, H.-C. Jang, S.-I. Jung, K.-H. Song, E.S. Kim, H.B. Kim, M.-d. Oh, K.-H. Park, N.J. Kim
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Use of indwelling pleural catheters for management of recurrent chylothorases secondary to benign superior vena cava syndrome: A case report
Authors: Fahad Al-Ghimlas, Saleh Alazemi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

We describe a unique case of intravascular (Hickman[c]) catheter-induced chylothoraces.  They were treated with conservative measures and bilateral indwelling pleural catheters (PleurX[c]) insertion. The uniqueness of this case is that chylothorax re-appeared after re-institution of the patient diet, despite removal of the Port-A-Cath. The chylothorax was shown on the subsequent chest reontographs on either side or both sides at different times. By reviewing the literature, PleurX[c] has a limited use in the case of chylothorax. This case strengths the indication for using this relatively less invasive therapeutic approach, especially in patients who fails conservative treatment and not found to be good surgical candidates. In addition, we recommend using bilateral catheters if clinically indicated, as was demonstrated in our case.  Furthermore, this case reports that chylothorax in the same patient after therapeutic interventions can present as exudative as well as a transudative. The nature of the fluid has been controversial, being reported in the largest case-series as exudative only.
Isolation of M. abscessus from patients with M. avium complex (MAC) lung disease
Authors: David Griffith, Julie Philley, Barbara Brown-Eilliott, Shepherd Sara, Wallace Richard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

MAC and  M. abscessus  lung diseases occur predominantly in females with bronchiectasis. Both organisms are sometimes isolated from the same patient (Griffith et al, ARRD 1993, 147; 1271-8). In that circumstance, the clinical significance of  M. abscessus  may be difficult to determine. Between 2006 and the present we identified 53 patients treated for MAC lung disease who also had  M. abscessus  isolated from sputum. Patients were 92% female, age 73.2 ± 7.6 yrs and divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 32 patients not diagnosed with clinically significant  M. abscessus  infection. Group 1 had 1.4 ± 0.9  M. abscessus  isolates per patient out of 39.3 ± 19.4 total cultures per patient. 25/32 (78%) patients had only 1  M. abscessus  isolate. Group 2 consisted of 21 patients with clinically significant  M. abscessus  infection who had 15.0 ± 11.1  M. abscessus  isolates per patient out of 41.7 ± 19.4 total cultures per patient (p  M. gordonae, M. terrae , etc.) than Group 2 patients, 41% vs 14% (p  Pseudomonas, Stenotrophamonas , etc.) between Groups 1 and 2 (86% vs 81%). In Group 2, 11/21 (52%) patients were treated for  M. abscessus  infection including 5/9 (56%) diagnosed with concomitant MAC and  M. abscessus  infections. Determining the clinical significance of  M. abscessus  isolates in MAC lung disease patients is generally not difficult, however, due to the many challenges of of  M. abscessus  treatment, therapeutic decisions remain quite difficult.
Gastroenteritis in a Taipei emergency department: aetiology and risk factors
Authors: C.-C. Lai, F.-T. Wu, D.-D. Ji, J.-J. Mu, J.-R. Yang, K.-T. Chiu, W.-Y. Lin, C.Y. Li, Y.-P. Fu, W.-T. Chen, B.-C. Lee, D. D.-S. Jiang, M.-Y. Yen, H.-S. Wu
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Plain radiograph in a neonate with abdominal distension
Authors: Hung-Yang Chang, Hung-Chang Lee, Fu-Yuan Huang, Chien-Yu Lin
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A 2 day old full term boy was referred to our hospital with respiratory distress and abdominal distension. His prenatal examinations had been unremarkable and polyhydramnios had been absent. At physical examination he had tachypnoea and abdominal distension. He was also grunting and cried during abdominal palpation. A plain film was obtained (fig 1⇓). What is the diagnosis?



This plain radiograph shows pneumoperitoneum with several characteristic radiographic findings.

### Discussion

This plain radiograph shows four characteristic radiographic …
Lipoxin A4 receptor expression in smokers with and without COPD
Authors: Liga Balode, Sergejs Isajevs, Darja Svirina, Uldis Kopeika, Gunta Strazda, Immanuels Taivans
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: The lipoxin A4 receptor, LXA4R/FPRL-1, is a G protein-coupled receptor. LXA4R with high affinity binds anti-inflammatory lipoxin LXA4 and with low affinity - N-formylated proinflammatory peptides. The aim of our study was to evaluate FPRL-1 expression in nonsmokers, asymptomatic smokers and in patients with COPD.

Patients and methods: 6 nonsmokers, 7 asymptomatic smokers and 5 moderate COPD patients undergoing lung resection for a solitary peripheral non-small cell carcinoma were enrolled in the study. Immunohistochemical methods were used to evaluate FPRL expression in airways and alveolar walls.

Results: FPRL-1 expression was observed in airways epithelial cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and neutrophils. Obtained results showed that asymptomatic smokers had increased numbers of FPRL-1 positive cells in alveolar walls compared to nonsmokers (157±59 vs 38±13 cells/mm2, p= 0.002). At contrast, COPD patients had decreased numbers of FPRL-1 positive cells compared to asymptomatic smokers (23±7 vs 157±59 cells/mm2, p= 0.002). In addition, COPD patients had a tendency of decreased FPRL-1 expression compared to nonsmokers. When all smokers were analyzed together, a significant positive correlation was found between the number of FPRL positive cells and airflow obstruction, FEV1% (Rho=+0.66, p=0.02).

Conclusion: Downregulated FPRL-1 in COPD patients may explain persistence of inflammatory process in alveolar area in COPD, whereas upregulation in asymptomatic smokers could serve as adaptive mechanism limiting inflammatory process.
Biomarkers of rapid chronic kidney disease progression in type 2 diabetes
Authors: Helen C. Looker, Marco Colombo, Sibylle Hess, Mary J. Brosnan, Bassam Farran, R. Neil Dalton, Max C. Wong, Charles Turner, Colin N.A. Palmer, Everson Nogoceke, Leif Groop, Veikko Salomaa, David B. Dunger, Felix Agakov, Paul M. McKeigue, Helen M. Colhoun
Journal: Kidney International (2015)
Influence of the Notch system in the therapeutic response of American tegumentary leishmaniasis
Authors: K.M.P. Rodrigues, M.P. Oliveira, A.C. Maretti-Mira, M.P. Oliveira-Neto, M.S. Mattos, L. Silva, D.A. Soares, E.L.L. Dolci, R.A.P.N. Perico, C. Pirmez
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Journal Article Influence of the Notch system in the therapeutic response of American tegumentary leishmaniasis Get access K.M.P. Rodrigues, K.M.P. Rodrigues Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045‐900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.P. Oliveira, M.P. Oliveira Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045‐900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.C. Maretti‐Mira, A.C. Maretti‐Mira Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045‐900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.P. Oliveira‐Neto, M.P. Oliveira‐Neto Instituto de Pesquisa Evandro Chagas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.S. Mattos, M.S. Mattos Instituto de Pesquisa Evandro Chagas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Silva, L. Silva Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D.A. Soares, D.A. Soares Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045‐900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E.L.L. Dolci, E.L.L. Dolci Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A.P.N. Perico, R.A.P.N. Perico Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Pirmez C. Pirmez Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Pesquisas Médicas, and Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045‐900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Claude Pirmez. E‐mail: pirmez@ioc.fiocruz.br Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 164, Issue 6, 1 June 2011, Pages 1228–1234, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10240.x Published: 01 June 2011
Outbreak of Acute Gastroenteritis Associated With Norwalk-Like Viruses Among British Military Personnel—Afghanistan, May 2002
Authors: D Brown, J Gray, P McDonald, A Green, D Morgan, G Christopher, R Glass, R Turcios
Journal: JAMA (2002)

In the United States, Norwalk-like viruses (NLVs) cause an estimated 23 million episodes of illness, 50,000 hospitalizations, and 300 deaths each year. NLVs can be transmitted by fecally contaminated food and water and by direct person-to-person contact or through droplets of infected persons. Outbreaks of NLV-associated gastrointestinal illness are common in military settings. During May 13-19, 2002, a total of 29 British soldiers and staff of a field hospital in Afghanistan became acutely ill after a short incubation period with vomiting, diarrhea, and fever. This report summarizes the investigation of this outbreak and underscores the importance of the diagnostic capacity for NLVs.
Randomized trial comparing monthly ibandronate and weekly alendronate for osteoporosis in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis
Authors: Núria Guañabens, Anna Monegal, Dacia Cerdá, África Muxí, Laia Gifre, Pilar Peris, Albert Parés
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Osteoporosis resulting in bone fractures is a complication in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC). Once-weekly alendronate improves bone mass and is well tolerated in these patients, but there is a concern because of poor compliance. Therefore, the efficacy, adherence, and safety of monthly ibandronate (150 mg) with weekly alendronate (70 mg) were compared in a randomized, 2-year study in 42 postmenopausal women with PBC and osteoporosis. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and proximal femur (by DXA), liver function, and bone markers were measured at entry and every 6 months over 2 years. Adherence to therapy was assessed by the Morisky-Green score. At enrollment, the two groups were similar with respect to age, BMD, severity of cholestasis, previous fractures, and bone markers. Thirty-three patients, 14 in the ibandronate group and 19 in the alendronate group, completed the trial. At 2 years both treatments resulted in a significant increase in BMD at the lumbar spine (from 0.875 ± 0.025 to 0.913 ± 0.026 g/cm2, P < 0.001 with alendronate, and from 0.898 ± 0.024 to 0.949 ± 0.027 g/cm2, P < 0.001 with ibandronate). The mean percentage change was 4.5% and 5.7%, respectively (P = not significant). BMD increased at the total hip by 2.0% and 1.2%, respectively. Changes in bone markers were similar in both groups and one patient with alendronate developed a new vertebral fracture. Adherence to therapy was higher with ibandronate (P = 0.009). Neither treatment impaired liver function or cholestasis. Conclusion: Both regimens, weekly alendronate and monthly ibandronate, improve bone mass and are comparable in safety for osteoporosis therapy in patients with PBC, although adherence is higher with the monthly regimen. Further larger studies are needed to assess fracture prevention. (Hepatology 2013; 58:2070–2078)
Estrogen Plus Progestin and Risk of Venous Thrombosis—Reply
Authors: Mary Cushman, Ross Prentice, Bruce M. Psaty, Frits R. Rosendaal
Journal: JAMA (2005)

To the Editor: Dr Cushman and colleagues 1 presented data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) Estrogen Plus Progestin (E ϩ P) trial and concluded that this combination was associated with increased risk for venous thromboembolism.The authors note that these results apply to the combination of oral conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and are not necessarily relevant to other types of hormone therapy; they describe the association with transdermal estrogen therapy as controversial.The Estrogen and Thromboembolism Risk (ESTHER) study showed that oral but not transdermal estrogen was associated with venous thromboembolism risk. 2 Three other studies reported estimates of venous thromboembolism risk among users of transdermal estrogen, 3 but the results were based on few cases with transdermal estrogen use, and each study was inconclusive.Biological data support the difference in venous thromboembolism risk between oral and transdermal estrogen because randomized short-term trials have shown that oral but not transdermal estrogen enhanced invivo thrombin generation and induced an acquired resistance to protein C. 4 Current available data suggest that transdermal estrogen has little or no effect on venous thromboembolism risk.Because pulmonary embolism accounted for about one third of the excess incidence of potentially fatal events with hormone therapy in the study by Cushman et al, evaluation of the long-term effects of transdermal estrogen in ongoing randomized trials is a research priority.