tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Aspirin Extrusion From Human Platelets Through Multidrug Resistance Protein-4–Mediated Transport
Authors: Teresa Mattiello, Raffaella Guerriero, Lavinia Vittoria Lotti, Elisabetta Trifirò, Maria Pia Felli, Alessandro Barbarulo, Bruna Pucci, Paola Gazzaniga, Carlo Gaudio, Luigi Frati, Fabio M. Pulcinelli
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Effect of a structured education programme on the documentation of “ceiling of care” for patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF) requiring non invasive ventilation (NIV)
Authors: Shiva Bikmalla, Bethan Barker, Ajit Thomas, Ben Beauchamp, Asad Ali, Mudassar Aslam, Dev Banerjee, Rahul Mukherjee
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  With greater use of ward-based NIV, early documentation of decisions regarding ceiling of care of these patients is assuming greater importance. Nava et al. [1] showed that ceiling of care documentation was low in this group of patients. We conducted a survey of documentation of “ceiling of care” at our 11-bedded ward-based NIV unit in Birmingham, UK, providing acute medical services to a population of over 450000 to assess the effect of a targeted rolling education programme for the caregivers and the use of a standardised protocol.   Methods:  Retrospective case note analysis of all patients commenced on acute NIV for AHRF between 1st January 2009 and 31st January 2010. Data relating to documentation of ceiling of care for patients, NIV outcome and mortality were collected after the educational intervention to improve practice.   Results:  Over the 13 month period of data collection there were 264 NIV episodes for AHRF. Ceiling of care was documented in 165 patients (62.5%). NIV treatment failure occurred in 59/264 (22%). Eleven of 264 patients (4%) were admitted to ITU during this admission episode. The overall in-hospital mortality for the entire group was 12.8%.   Conclusions:  Documentation of ceiling of care in NIV patients can significantly improve with the increase in awareness among caregivers following the introduction of a rolling education programme and the use of a standard protocol.   Reference:   1End of Life decision making in Respiratory Intermediate care units: a European Survey. Nava S, Sturani C, Hartl S, Magni G, Ciontu M, Corrado A, Simonds A.  Eur Respir J . 2007 Jul;30(1):156-64.
A topical combination of rapamycin and tacrolimus for the treatment of angiofibroma due to tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC): a pilot study of nine Japanese patients with TSC of different disease severity
Authors: M. Wataya‐Kaneda, M. Tanaka, A. Nakamura, S. Matsumoto, I. Katayama
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Dysregulation of mTOR signalling by mutations in tuberin and/or hamartin leads to the formation of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Trials to treat TSC using mTOR inhibitors, including rapamycin, have been performed. Although rapamycin improves many TSC lesions, significant side-effects appear after systemic administration. Topical administration has been recommended.The efficacy of rapamycin-tacrolimus ointment was examined for TSC-related angiofibroma.Left-right comparisons of the tacrolimus ointments with/without 0·2% rapamycin was conducted in symmetrical facial angiofibromas in nine patients with definitive TSC. After the 3-month treatment, a cumulative score for redness, flatness and papule size was used to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment. Blood rapamycin levels were analysed by liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI/MS).At the end of the treatment, all of the scores significantly improved for rapamycin-tacrolimus treatment compared with tacrolimus alone. No adverse reactions were noted and blood levels of rapamycin were below the detection limit in all cases.Topical application of rapamycin-tacrolimus ointment is a safe and useful treatment for TSC-related angiofibroma.
Prenatal air pollutant exposure and occurrence of atopic dermatitis
Authors: C.C. Huang, H.J. Wen, P.C. Chen, T.L. Chiang, S.J. Lin, Y.L. Guo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Prenatal air pollutant exposure and occurrence of atopic dermatitis Get access C.C. Huang, C.C. Huang Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital Taipei Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.J. Wen, H.J. Wen National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences National Health Research Institutes Miaoli Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P.C. Chen, P.C. Chen Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital Taipei Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.L. Chiang, T.L. Chiang Institute of Health Policy and Management National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. Lin, S.J. Lin Department of Pediatrics Chi Mei Hospital Tainan Taiwan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y.L. Guo Y.L. Guo Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene National Taiwan University Taipei TaiwanDepartment of Environmental and Occupational Medicine College of Medicine National Taiwan University (NTU) and NTU Hospital Taipei Taiwan Correspondence Yue‐liang Leon Guo. E‐mail: leonguo@ntu.edu.tw Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 4, 1 October 2015, Pages 981–988, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.14039 Published: 01 October 2015
Relationship between qualitative analysis of lung tumors using integrated backscatter-intravascular ultrasound (IB-IVUS) and pathological diagnosis
Authors: Fumitaka Ito, Yasushi Ohno, Koumei Yanase, Fumihiko Kamiya, Hidenori Mori, Junki Endo, Norihiko Funaguchi, Masanori Kawasaki, Shinya Minatoguchi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction or background:  End-bronchial ultrasound is used by a supersonic wave image to confirm the position relations of a tumor and the participation bronchus through a bronchoscope. However, the diagnosis of the organization property of the tumor is difficult. We used integrated backscatter(IB) value which analyzed the reflection wave of the supersonic wave signal in the coronary arteries of human, and was calculated, and enabled a vascular wall organization property diagnosis.  Aims and objectives:  The purpose of the study measures integrated backscatter (IB) by end-bronchial ultrasound for the diagnosis of the lungs tumor and analyzes it by comparing a tumor and the distinction of the normal tissue with surgical resection.  Methods:  We analyzed lungs tumor and normal lungs organization provided from an operation specimen. We observed relations with the structure of the organization about the lungs tumor.  Result:  Surgery excision lungs tumor were 35 non-small-cell lung cancer (squamous cancer 9 examples, non-squamous cancer 26 examples). IB value showed lower value in non-small cell lung cancer tissue compaired with normal lung tissue. The necrosis had low IB value, and IB value showed a high value at fibrosis tissue.  High cell density tumor showed lower IB level than low cell density tumor.  Conclusion:  If the distinction of the normal tissue and tumor tissue is possible and applies it to an endoscopic diagnosis by measuring lungs tumor, normal lung, IB value of the pathology organization diagnosis and invasive level of the tumor may be enabled by bronchus endoscope echo examination.
Personality disorder in obsessive-compulsive volunteers, well comparison subjects, and their first-degree relatives
Authors: D W Black, R Noyes, B Pfohl, R B Goldstein, N Blum
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

The authors sought to determine the frequency of DSM-III personality disorders in subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder, well comparison subjects, and their first-degree relatives.Thirty-two subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 33 age-(within 5 years) and gender-matched well comparison subjects were assessed with the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorder and several self-report instruments. Their first-degree relatives were assessed in a blind manner with the same instruments.Subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder were more likely than well comparison subjects to have a personality disorder, but compulsive personality was not the most frequent. No significant differences were found in the prevalence of personality disorders among first-degree relatives, including compulsive personality, or in obsessional, hysterical, or oral character traits.Personality disorders are highly prevalent among patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder, but the data do not support a relationship between obsessive-compulsive disorder and compulsive personality.
Learning from soft power
Authors: Dariush Mozaffarian, Jordan A Blashek, James Stavridis
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A need for soft healing in the 21st century

The limitations of direct military intervention—“hard power”—for achieving foreign policy are increasingly highlighted by international events. Policy makers, military leaders, and intelligence experts now recognise the crucial role of preventive policy approaches—“soft power”—to tackle the multifaceted, upstream causes of conflict and instability.1 2 3 Soft power encompasses diplomacy, development, trade agreements, sanctions, foreign aid, and the promotion of education, women’s rights, and democracy. It prioritises prevention, the shaping of international affairs to pre-empt or minimise crises before they arise, and is supported by bipartisan commissions, independent agencies, and the military.4 Hard power is reserved as a last resort. Used early and efficiently, soft power not only provides effective and diverse policy options, but it costs far less and risks fewer lives.

These hard learnt lessons in national security provide eye opening parallels to a second, major industrial complex: the healthcare system. The modern approach to health emphasises “hard healing”—the reactive, individualised treatment of risk factors and diseases. Like the military, healthcare systems benefit from highly trained, dedicated personnel who use complex, advanced, and dizzyingly expensive technologies to achieve a proximal aim: treating a disease.

And they both primarily respond to, rather than prevent, major crises. This is expensive and inefficient. Just as military interventions may resolve acute crises but leave behind fragile or …
Deficit and nondeficit forms of schizophrenia: the concept
Authors: W T Carpenter, D W Heinrichs, A M Wagman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1988)

The authors provide a rationale for distinguishing the primary, enduring negative symptoms of schizophrenia (termed "deficit symptoms") from the more transient negative symptoms secondary to other factors. They argue that the former are more likely to provide a basis for meaningful subtyping of the schizophrenic syndrome, while the latter are more likely to respond to currently available treatments. They describe their experience in using clinical judgment based on longitudinal observations to identify deficit and nondeficit subtypes of schizophrenic patients and propose criteria for defining schizophrenia with the deficit syndrome.
The characteristics of urticaria in 390 patients
Authors: None Humphreys, None Hunter
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Data were collected on 390 patients who attended a dermatology out‐patient department in whom a clinical diagnosis of urticaria was made. Two hundred and thirty‐seven (61%) were women. The median age at onset of symptoms was 40 years. Sixty‐one (16%) had acute urticaria with symptoms of less than 6 weeks duration at presentation. The disorder was deemed idiopathic in 217 (56%) patients, 59 (15%) had physical urticaria and 57 (15%) had both idiopathic and physical urticaria. Thirty‐eight (10%) patients reported intolerance to salicylate or similar drugs, and 31 of these 38 patients also had idiopathic symptoms. One hundred and seventy‐two (44%) patients reported a good response to treatment with H1 receptor antagonists. Those who gained little or no benefit from these drugs were more likely to have a physical urticaria (P< 0.05) or to report intolerance reactions (P< 0.05). Only 113 (29%) patients were asymptomatic when discharged. One in five of a small sample contacted still had symptoms 10 years after presentation. Patients seen in an urticaria clinic were less likely to have routine investigations performed and more likely to be discharged at first attendance. When compared with previous published surveys, these figures show a lower proportion of intolerance reactions and a greater proportion of patients responding well to treatment with antihistamines.
REG endpoint validation: Do database asthma control measures predict future risk?
Authors: Guy Brusselle, Richard J. Martin, Annie Burden, Alexandra Dima, Emilio Pizzichini, Janet Holbrook, Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, Todor Popov, Gene Colice, Helen K. Reddel, Julie von Ziegenweidt, Alison Chisholm, David Price
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Aim:  Improved understanding of patient characteristics associated with exacerbations (EXBs) may provide opportunity to minimize future risk. We assessed whether database asthma control can predict future EXBs.   Methods:  Used a research database to select clinical records of patients aged 18–60yrs with an asthma diagnosis, continuous records over 1 baseline & 1 outcome yr and no other chronic respiratory disease or maintenance oral steroids. Two baseline control measures were evaluated: risk domain asthma control (RDAC) & overall control (OAC).  RDAC  was absence of: exacerbations, unplanned asthma-related out patient appointments, and antibiotics with evidence of respiratory review (ABX).  OAC  was: RDAC+average salbutamol ≤200µg/day. RDAC/OAC components predictive of outcome EXBs in univariable models were entered into a multivariable model and stepwise reduced.  EXBs  were: oral steroid courses with evidence of respiratory review (OS), asthma-related hospital admission or emergency room [ER] attendance.   Results:  Of 1558 patients (60% female), 73% and 42% satisfied criteria for RDAC and OAC control, respectively, at baseline.   Conclusions:  Classification as RDAC or OAC at baseline predicted lower EXB rates in the following year. OS, ABX and asthma-related ER attendance independently predicted increased EXB risk regardless of “current control” as indicated by salbutamol use.
Erythrocyte pyruvate kinase deficiency: 2015 status report
Authors: Rachael F. Grace, Alberto Zanella, Ellis J. Neufeld, D. Holmes Morton, Stefan Eber, Hassan Yaish, Bertil Glader
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Over the last several decades, our understanding of the genetic variation, pathophysiology, and complications of the hemolytic anemia associated with red cell pyruvate kinase deficiency (PKD) has expanded. Nonetheless, there remain significant gaps in our knowledge with regard to clinical care and monitoring. Treatment remains supportive with phototherapy and/or exchange transfusion in the newborn period, regular or intermittent red cell transfusions in children and adults, and splenectomy to decrease transfusion requirements and/or anemia related symptoms. In this article, we review the clinical diversity of PKD, the current standard of treatment and for supportive care, the complications observed, and future treatment directions.Am. J. Hematol. 90:825–830, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Education at prestigious centres is valuable
Authors: B S Drasar
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,—Several questions arising in Fiona Godlee's article on World Health Organisation fellowships need to be addressed.1 These include the value of education at prestigious centres (of which the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine is a leading example), the role of externally imposed objectives in education, and the WHO's priorities. Examination of the WHO may be justified, but the more general conclusions do not follow.

Both young students and professionals in midcareer come to …
First-trimester drug use and congenital disorders
Authors: H. Jick
Journal: JAMA (1981)

We determined the prevalence of certain major congenital disorders among the infants of women who used a wide variety of drugs during the first trimester of pregnancy in a prepaid health plan in which automated recording of prescriptions filled and disorders diagnosed at birth was available. No strong associations between any of the commonly used drugs and congenital disorders studied were present. (<i>JAMA</i>1981;246:343-346)
Abstract 3341: Human Coronary Collaterals Inversely Correlate with Indices of Ischemic Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction during Coronary Balloon Occlusion.
Authors: Stephen P Hoole, Paul A White, Patrick M Heck, Michael O’Sullivan, Sarah C Clarke, Leonard M Shapiro, Peter M Schofield, David P Dutka
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Coronary collaterals are thought to reduce myocardial ischemia during coronary artery occlusion. Coronary collaterals, defined angiographically, reduce end diastolic LV dilatation during coronary occlusion. However, counter to a role in reducing ischemia, they appear to be associated with an increase in LV end diastolic pressure. These changes may be explained if coronary collaterals act as an external LV scaffold. We aimed to re-evaluate this relationship by simultaneously measuring coronary collaterals and LV contractility quantitatively. Methods: Ten patients with normal LV function and single vessel coronary disease awaiting PCI were recruited. Collateral flow index, derived by pressure-wire measurement (CFI p = [P distal (occluded) − P venous ] / [P aorta − P venous ]) and change in LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), volume (LVEDV) and Tau, measured by an LV cavity conductance catheter, were recorded simultaneously after 1 minute coronary balloon occlusion. A mean of 5 cardiac cycles was analyzed. Measurements were repeated after a recovery period of 30 minutes. Results: Percentage change in LVEDP and Tau inversely correlated with CFI p (ΔLVEDP vs. CFI p : y = −216.6x +63.4, r = 0.57, p=0.01; ΔTau vs. CFI p : y = −64.1x + 27.8, r = 0.47, p&lt;0.05) (Figure ). There was also an inverse relationship between ΔLVEDV vs. CFI p (y = −8.4x + 1.5, r = 0.35, p = 0.15). Conclusion: Coronary collaterals inversely correlate with LV end diastolic stiffness and dilatation after 1 minute of coronary artery occlusion. This reflects a role in reducing ischemic LV diastolic dysfunction, by providing an alternative blood supply to the LV myocardium, rather than acting as an LV scaffold.
Some Peculiar Biological and Biochemical Properties of a Mouse Hepatoma Induced by Chrysoidin. III. Activity of Glucose-6-phosphatase&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Zygmunt Albert, Marian Orłowski
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was investigated in homogenates of liver and of transplants of a chrysoidin-induced (2,4′-azodianiline) hepatoma in C57BL mice, as well as in other malignant tumors. Normal glucose-6-phosphatase activity was found in homogenates of chrysoidin-induced hepatoma as compared with that found in livers of C57BL mice. Lack of glucose-6-phosphatase activity, or only negligible dephosphorylation of glucose-6-phosphate, was observed in Crocker sarcoma 180, a spontaneous mouse mammary adenocarcinoma, primary rat liver carcinoma, and in transplants of hamster hepatomas.
Fibronectin Upregulates Gelatinase B (MMP-9) and Induces Coordinated Expression of Gelatinase A (MMP-2) and Its Activator MT1-MMP (MMP-14) by Human T Lymphocyte Cell Lines. A Process Repressed Through RAS/MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways
Authors: Jordi Esparza, Carme Vilardell, Javier Calvo, Manel Juan, Jordi Vives, Alvaro Urbano-Márquez, Jordi Yagüe, Maria C. Cid
Journal: Blood (1999)
Herpes simplex virus tracheitis in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Authors: L Baras, CM Farber, JP Van Vooren, D Parent
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Herpetic tracheobronchitis and pneumonia occur basically in immunodepressed patients, but have rarely been reported in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Some large reviews on pulmonary manifestations in AIDS report a small number of herpetic pulmonary infections, without determining any prevalence of this particular viral involvement. Predisposing factors are alteration of cell-mediated immunity and invasive procedures (such as endotracheal tube use) in debilitated patients. The case we report illustrates the occurrence of a herpetic tracheitis in an HIV-infected patient with severe P. carinii pneumonia, needing systemic corticotherapy and mechanical ventilation. It illustrates the risk of dissemination of herpes simplex virus (HSV) from a herpetic stomatitis to the lower respiratory tract, even after the endotracheal cannula has been removed.
Abstract 14076: Acute Stent Thrombosis Resulting in St Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) is Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes Than STEMI Due to Native Coronary Thrombosis
Authors: Mohammed M Akhtar, Adam Graham, Daniel Jones, Krishna Rathod, S Gallagher, Ajay Jain, Sam Mohiddin, Charles Knight, Anthony Mathur, Andrew Wragg
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Stent thrombosis (ST) is a recognized cause of STEMI in patients with previous PCI. The incidence is increasing and outcomes are not well characterized. We compared STEMI due to ST vers...