tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in an area of southern Italy: main clinical, histological, and pathophysiological aspects
Authors: Carmela Loguercio, Vincenzo De Girolamo, Ilario de Sio, Concetta Tuccillo, Antonio Ascione, Feliciano Baldi, Gabriele Budillon, Lucia Cimino, Antonio Di Carlo, Maria Pia Di Marino, Filomena Morisco, Francesco Picciotto, Luigi Terracciano, Raffaella Vecchione, Veronica Verde, Camillo Del Vecchio Blanco
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Randomized Trial of Pulsed Corticosteroid Therapy for Primary Treatment of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Jane W. Newburger, Lynn A. Sleeper, Brian W. McCrindle, L. LuAnn Minich, Welton Gersony, Victoria L. Vetter, Andrew M. Atz, Jennifer S. Li, Masato Takahashi, Annette L. Baker, Steven D. Colan, Paul D. Mitchell, Gloria L. Klein, Robert P. Sundel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Treatment of acute Kawasaki disease with intravenous immune globulin and aspirin reduces the risk of coronary-artery abnormalities and systemic inflammation, but despite intravenous immune globulin therapy, coronary-artery abnormalities develop in some children. Studies have suggested that primary corticosteroid therapy might be beneficial and that adverse events are infrequent with short-term use.We conducted a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine whether the addition of intravenous methylprednisolone to conventional primary therapy for Kawasaki disease reduces the risk of coronary-artery abnormalities. Patients with 10 or fewer days of fever were randomly assigned to receive intravenous methylprednisolone, 30 mg per kilogram of body weight (101 patients), or placebo (98 patients). All patients then received conventional therapy with intravenous immune globulin, 2 g per kilogram, as well as aspirin, 80 to 100 mg per kilogram per day until they were afebrile for 48 hours and 3 to 5 mg per kilogram per day thereafter.At week 1 and week 5 after randomization, patients in the two study groups had similar coronary dimensions, expressed as z scores adjusted for body-surface area, absolute dimensions, and changes in dimensions. As compared with patients receiving placebo, patients receiving intravenous methylprednisolone had a somewhat shorter initial period of hospitalization (P=0.05) and, at week 1, a lower erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P=0.02) and a tendency toward a lower C-reactive protein level (P=0.07). However, the two groups had similar numbers of days spent in the hospital, numbers of days of fever, rates of retreatment with intravenous immune globulin, and numbers of adverse events.Our data do not provide support for the addition of a single pulsed dose of intravenous methylprednisolone to conventional intravenous immune globulin therapy for the routine primary treatment of children with Kawasaki disease. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00132080 [ClinicalTrials.gov].)
Clld7, A Candidate Tumor Suppressor on Chromosome 13q14, Regulates Pathways of DNA Damage/Repair and Apoptosis
Authors: Xiaobo Zhou, Karl Münger
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia deletion gene 7 (Clld7) is a candidate tumor suppressor on chromosome 13q14. Clld7 encodes an evolutionarily conserved protein that contains an RCC1 domain plus broad complex, tramtrack, bric-a-brac (BTB), and POZ domains. In this study, we investigated the biological functions of Clld7 protein in inducible osteosarcoma cell lines. Clld7 induction inhibited cell growth, decreased cell viability, and increased γ-H2AX staining under conditions of caspase inhibition, indicating activation of the DNA damage/repair pathway. Real-time PCR analysis in tumor cells and normal human epithelial cells revealed Clld7 target genes that regulate DNA repair responses. Furthermore, depletion of Clld7 in normal human epithelial cells conferred resistance to apoptosis triggered by DNA damage. Taken together, the biological actions of Clld7 are consistent with those of a tumor suppressor.
Structural and inflammatory heterogeneity in subcutaneous adipose tissue: Relation with liver histopathology in morbid obesity
Authors: Joan Tordjman, Adeline Divoux, Edi Prifti, Christine Poitou, Veronique Pelloux, Danielle Hugol, Arnaud Basdevant, Jean-Luc Bouillot, Jean-Marc Chevallier, Pierre Bedossa, Michèle Guerre-Millo, Karine Clement
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Androgen Receptor Cytosine, Adenine, Guanine Repeats, and Haplotypes in Relation to Ovarian Cancer Risk
Authors: Kathryn L. Terry, Immaculata De Vivo, Linda Titus-Ernstoff, Mei-Chiung Shih, Daniel W. Cramer
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Biological and epidemiologic evidence suggest that androgen or its receptor may play a role in ovarian cancer pathogenesis. The most notable genetic factor influencing androgen receptor (AR) activity is the functional cytosine, adenine, guanine (CAG) repeat in which length is inversely proportional to its transactivational activity. Additional genetic variation due to single nucleotide polymorphisms in the AR gene may be captured through haplotypes. We genotyped the CAG microsatellite and six haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs962458, rs6152, rs1204038, rs2361634, rs1337080, rs1337082) of the androgen receptor gene in 987 ovarian cancer cases and 1,034 controls from a study conducted in New Hampshire and eastern Massachusetts between May 1992 and July 2003. We estimated haplotype frequencies and calculated odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals to evaluate the association between the haplotypes and the AR CAG microsatellite with ovarian cancer risk. We observed that carriage of two alleles with > or = 22 CAG repeats was associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer compared with carriage of two alleles with <22 CAG repeats (covariate-adjusted odds ratios, 1.31; 95% confidence intervals, 1.01-1.69). Five common haplotypes in the AR gene were identified, but no association between these and ovarian cancer risk was observed. Our results suggest that possession of two long AR alleles (> or = 22 CAG repeats) may be associated with increased risk of ovarian cancer compared with women with two short AR alleles (<22 CAG repeats).
Home Treatment in Injury and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Joseph Lee Hollander
Journal: JAMA (1962)

This small volume contains a great deal of information about body mechanics, wear and strain of parts, exercise, and posture. The volume is divided into 2 parts: the first of primary interest to the physician, and the second a series of leaflets which can be obtained separately for handing out to patients. Much of the first part of the volume, supposedly written for the physician, is so elementary and pedestrian that many a physician will feel he has gone back to his high school hygiene class in body posture. Much of the discussion, however, is ingenious and appears to be the invention of the author rather than the generally accepted principles of orthopedics. The line drawing illustrations are crudely done but reasonably adequate to illustrate the points intended. Some of the terms used are inventions of the author, e.g., "round-shouldered back," "active alerted posture," and so forth. Treatment is given
Dissecting the Tumor Myeloid Compartment Reveals Rare Activating Antigen-Presenting Cells Critical for T Cell Immunity
Authors: Miranda L Broz, Mikhail Binnewies, Bijan Boldajipour, Amanda E Nelson, Joshua L Pollack, David J Erle, Andrea Barczak, Michael D Rosenblum, Adil Daud, Diane L Barber, Sebastian Amigorena, Laura J Van't Veer, Anne I Sperling, Denise M Wolf, Matthew F Krummel
Journal: Cancer Cell (2014)
Spinal Analgesia in Operative Obstetrics
Authors: W. C. Spackman
Journal: BMJ (1946)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Epigenetic modifications and other chromatin features partition the genome on multiple length scales to control its biological function. Some of them like DNA methylation target single bases, whereas others such as heterochromatic histone modifications span regions of several megabases. It has now become a routine task to map chromatin marks by deep sequencing. However, the quantitative assessment and comparison of the topology of chromatin domains and their spatial relationships across data sets without <i>a priori</i> assumptions remains challenging, especially if broad domains are involved. Here, we introduce multi-scale correlation evaluation (MCORE), which uses the fluctuation spectrum of mapped sequencing reads to quantify and compare spatial patterns on multiple length scales in a model-independent manner. We used MCORE to dissect the chromatin domain topology of embryonic stem cells and neural cells by integrating sequencing data from chromatin immunoprecipitation, RNA expression, DNA methylation and chromosome interaction experiments. Further, we constructed network models that reflect the relationships among these features on different genomic scales. We anticipate that MCORE will complement current sequencing evaluation schemes and aid in the design and validation of mechanistic models for chromatin signaling.
Neuropathology: Methods and Diagnosis
Authors: Orville T. Bailey
Journal: JAMA (1971)

This volume by a large international group of authors deals with the management of neuropathologic material as it comes into the laboratory. It is not a textbook of neuropathology in the usual sense nor a complete technical manual. After a brief discussion of neuroanatomy, there is a detailed section on the neuropathologic autopsy, including the special precautions required when forensic problems are involved. The second part of the book deals with special methods, including whole-brain sections, histochemistry, autoradiography, and museum preparation. There are chapters on the cerebral biopsy, infections, and perinatal neuropathology. The concluding portion on neurochemistry is interesting but seems remote from the objective of the volume as a whole. In general, the text is informative and accurate. Illustrations are good and include numerous helpful diagrams. The book has some important limitations, however. A serious one is that electron microscopy is at most mentioned only in passing, and there
Cochrane review questions effectiveness of neuraminidase inhibitors
Authors: I. Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The Department of Health for England has wasted more than £500m (€600m; $830m) on stockpiling neuraminidase inhibitors to use in the event of a flu pandemic, and it should not replace them when they expire, concludes the first complete systematic review of the drugs by the Cochrane Collaboration.1 2 3

For the first time the collaboration was able to look at complete data from all trials conducted on oseltamivir (marketed as Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) by their respective manufacturers, Roche and GlaxoSmithKline, after a four and a half year battle by the reviewers and The BMJ to gain access to the full data. GSK was the first to provide the information, doing so early last year, and by September 2013 Roche had also complied.4

The review looked at 46 trials (20 on oseltamivir and 26 on zanamivir), involving more than 24 000 people and reported in more than 160 000 pages of regulatory documents. Previous Cochrane reviews and appraisals by most regulatory authorities, including the European Medicines Agency, have had access to only a limited amount of the data made available by the drug manufacturers.

Recommendations based on these limited data have prompted governments around the world to stockpile oseltamivir in the belief the drug …
The Antibody-Coated Bacteria Test
Authors: Stephen R. Jones
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In their recent article inThe Journal(1982;247:1723), Merritt and Keys concluded that the antibody-coated bacteria (ACB) test is unreliable in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. While the sensitivity and specificity of this test are not perfect, carefully gathered data have indicated that they are better than Merritt and Keys report. I suspect that the variance of their results, specifically the four apparently false-negative ones, is the result of faulty criteria for a positive result. They have required fluorescence of<i>most</i>or<i>all</i>bacteria for the urine to be considered ACB positive. This is not a realistic definition. The criteria for a positive test result are set forth in a number of previous publications.<sup>1,2</sup>In summary, the specimen should be designated as ACB positive if at least two uniformly fluorescent bacteria are seen in 200 site fields using a microscope with an objective magnification of ×100
960 HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA (HCC) IN HCV-RELATED CIRRHOSIS: A 20-YEARS SURVEY BY ITA.LI.CA
Authors: N. Cazzagon, F. Trevisani, A. Giacomin, A. Sergio, V. Vanin, C. Pozzan, P. Del Poggio, G. Rapaccini, M.A. Di Nolfo, L. Benvegnü, M. Zoli, F. Borzio, E.G. Giannini, E. Caturelli, M. Chiaramonte, M. Bernardi, F. Farinati
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Prospective Study of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Two Hundred and Fifty Patients
Authors: K. Kimura, K. Ido, Y. Taniguchi, C. Kawamoto, S. Satoh, N. Isoda, M. Ohtani, M. Kumagai, S. Horikawa
Journal: Endoscopy (1992)

Two hundred and fifty consecutive patients (151 women, 99 men, age 49.3 years) with symptomatic gallstones as diagnosed on ultrasonography underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy over a 12-month period. Preoperative intravenous cholangiography (IVC) and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) were also performed in 203 and 200 patients, respectively. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was successfully performed on 248 of the 250 patients (99.2 %). Two patients required conversion to open cholecystectomy because of a pin hole injury to the portal vein in one case, and because of technical difficulties with the dissection due to severe adhesions in the other patient. Procedure time in the initial 100 cases decreased from an average of 216 minutes for the first ten cases to 87 minutes for the last 30 cases, including the time required for intraoperative cholangiography (IOC). Bile duct stones were found in 4 cases on IOC which were diagnosed by preoperative ultrasonography, IVC and ERC in 0, 2 and 3 cases respectively. An intraabdominal drain was inserted for two days in all cases. The mean hospital stay was 8.6 days (range 4 to 19 days) with no readmissions. No complications were seen at short-term follow-up one month after discharge. Although there was a significant learning period, the procedure was safe and effective and could be performed with minimal risk. The results show that physicians with experience in both endoscopy and laparoscopy are well qualified to perform laparoscopic cholecystectomy after appropriate training.
Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) and Receptor (TSLPR) and CD11c+ Dendritic Cells (DC) in Allergen-induced Cutaneous Late Phase Responses (LPR) in Atopic Subjects
Authors: S. Ying, Y.H. Wang, Y.J. Liu, Q. Meng, A.B. Kay, S. Phipps, T.H. Lee, C.J. Corrigan
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
High Concentration of Thrombomodulin in Plasma Is Associated With Hemorrhage
Authors: Jan-Håkan Jansson, Kurt Boman, Mats Brännström, Torbjörn K. Nilsson
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background The aim of this study was to prospectively test whether the risk of bleeding complications in 212 consecutive outpatients treated with oral anticoagulants could be predicted by levels of endothelium-derived hemostatic variables. Methods and Results All bleeding complications were recorded during 5 years of follow-up; serious bleeding was defined as intracranial bleeding or hemorrhage causing death or necessitating hospitalization. The relationships of bleeding complications and plasma concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator, von Willebrand factor, and thrombomodulin, plasminogen activator inhibitor activity, and other possible risk factors were studied. Twenty-two patients suffered from bleeding complications during anticoagulant treatment; in 14 patients, these were serious. We found that the numbers both of serious hemorrhages and of total hemorrhages were significantly associated with increased levels of thrombomodulin. The number of bleeding episodes increased exponentially through quartiles one to four of the thrombomodulin distribution. Conclusions Thrombomodulin concentrations in plasma are related to the risk of hemorrhage in patients treated with oral anticoagulants.
Procedural replay: The anatomy and physics of the sleep spindle
Authors: Helene Sophrin Porte
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

This commentary implicates the neostriatum in the production of the EEG sleep spindle and in the processing of motor procedural learning in sleep. Whether the sleep spindle may implement not only the consolidation-based enhancement of procedural learning, but also its initial consolidation, is considered; as is the fit between (1) corticostriatal anatomy and physiology, and (2) the physical properties of the sleep spindle.
Development of a Completely Autologous Valved Conduit With the Sinus of Valsalva Using In-Body Tissue Architecture Technology
Authors: Masashi Yamanami, Yuki Yahata, Masami Uechi, Megumi Fujiwara, Hatsue Ishibashi-Ueda, Keiichi Kanda, Taiji Watanabe, Tsutomu Tajikawa, Kenkichi Ohba, Hitoshi Yaku, Yasuhide Nakayama
Journal: Circulation (2010)

We developed autologous prosthetic implants by simple and safe in-body tissue architecture technology. We present the first report on the development of autologous valved conduit with the sinus of Valsalva (BIOVALVE) by using this unique technology and its subsequent implantation in the pulmonary valves in a beagle model.A mold of BIOVALVE organization was assembled using 2 types of specially designed silicone rods with a small aperture in a trileaflet shape between them. The concave rods had 3 projections that resembled the protrusions of the sinus of Valsalva. The molds were placed in the dorsal subcutaneous spaces of beagle dogs for 4 weeks. The molds were covered with autologous connective tissues. BIOVALVEs with 3 leaflets in the inner side of the conduit with the sinus of Valsalva were obtained after removing the molds. These valves had adequate burst strength, similar to that of native valves. Tight valvular coaptation and sufficient open orifice area were observed in vitro. These BIOVALVEs were implanted to the main pulmonary arteries as allogenic conduit valves (n=3). Postoperative echocardiography demonstrated smooth movement of the leaflets with trivial regurgitation. Histological examination of specimens obtained at 84 days showed that the surface of the leaflet was covered by endothelial cells and neointima, including an elastin fiber network, and was formed at the anastomosis sides on the luminal surface of the conduit.We developed the first completely autologous BIOVALVE and successfully implanted these BIOVALVEs in a beagle model in a pilot study.
Abstract IA22: PI3K and cancer metabolism
Authors: Lewis C. Cantley
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) is a central enzyme in a signaling pathway that mediates cellular responses to growth factors. The signaling pathway downstream of PI3K is highly conserved from worms and flies to humans and genetic analysis of the pathway has revealed a conserved role in regulating glucose metabolism and cell growth. Mutational events that lead to hyperactivation of the PI3K pathway result in hamartoma syndromes and cancers. Activating mutations in PIK3CA, encoding the p110alpha catalytic subunit of PI3K or inactivating mutations in PTEN, a phosphoinositide 3-phosphatases that reverses the effects of PI3K, are among the most common events in solid tumors. Drugs that target PI3K are in clinical trials for a variety of cancers. It is likely that PI3K pathway inhibitors will need to be combined with other drugs to be broadly effective. We have employed genetically engineered mouse models that develop cancers due to mutations in genes in the PI3K pathway and are using these models to explore the efficacy of PI3K pathway inhibitors as single agents or in combination with other drugs. The role of PI3K inhibitors for treating cancers in these mouse models and in human trials will be discussed. Citation Format: Lewis C. Cantley. PI3K and cancer metabolism. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Third AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Basic Cancer Research; Sep 18-22, 2013; National Harbor, MD. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(19 Suppl):Abstract nr IA22.
Rural West has highest rate of cold related deaths in US, CDC report shows
Authors: M. McCarthy
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The proportion of deaths attributable to cold weather is markedly higher in rural counties of the West than in other regions of the United States, shows a new analysis by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.1

CDC researchers analyzed records of 5809 deaths reported during 2010 to 2013 in which the deaths were determined to be related to the cold. These included cases in which exposure to excessive cold was determined to be either the underlying cause or a contributing cause of death. The CDC found that the age adjusted, cold related …
Middle classes in Britain drink most alcohol, but smoking is at lowest recorded level
Authors: O. Mashta
Journal: BMJ (2009)

More than a third of adults in Great Britain drink more than the recommended daily amount of alcohol at least once a week, amid widespread confusion over what the safe level is, show two surveys by the Office for National Statistics.

But the surveys show encouraging figures on the prevalence of smoking, which is at its lowest recorded level of 21%. The group that has the highest rate is the 20-24 year old age group.

The figures relating to alcohol, show that a fifth of adults consumed more than double the limit on their heaviest drinking day …
Amino acids 89–96 of Salmonella typhimurium flagellin represent the major domain responsible for TLR5-independent adjuvanticity in the humoral immune response
Authors: Lei Zhang, Zhiming Pan, Xilong Kang, Yun Yang, Heekap Kang, Na Zhang, James M Rosati, Xinan Jiao
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2014)
Status of clinical research in China
Authors: Yonghua Hu, Yueqin Huang, Jie Ding, Yulan Liu, Dongsheng Fan, Tiejun Li, Chengchao Shou, Jianjun Fan, Weimin Wang, Zhe Dong, Xueying Qin, Weigang Fang, Yang Ke
Journal: The Lancet (2011)