tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Predictors, and Impact of Post-Discharge Bleeding After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Philippe Généreux, Gennaro Giustino, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Giora Weisz, Thomas D. Stuckey, Michael J. Rinaldi, Franz-Josef Neumann, D. Christopher Metzger, Timothy D. Henry, David A. Cox, Peter L. Duffy, Ernest Mazzaferri, Mayank Yadav, Dominic P. Francese, Tullio Palmerini, Ajay J. Kirtane, Claire Litherland, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2015)
Reduce time from referral by GP to first outpatient attendance
Authors: A. Midgley
Journal: BMJ (1996)

could not be reliably predicted from the international normalised ratio obtained over that period.Despite the small reduction in the warfarin dose on day 6 the international normalised ratio might have been expected to continue to rise over the following days even if the patient had not been exposed to accumulating concentrations of amiodarone.2.5-0 , 2.0-0 1.0-0 1 2 3 4 5 Days after starting warfarin Fig 1-Changes in intemational norrnalised ratio after start of treatment with warfarinAn alternative lesson of this case is that, in the absence of an appropriate loading regimen, the international normalised ratio should be monitored beyond the usual five to six days because of the delay in reaching a steady state effect.
A case for time to tumor progression (TTP) as the primary (1<sup>o</sup>) efficacy endpoint in 1<sup>st</sup>-line metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC) therapy: Correlation of TTP and overall survival (OS)
Authors: L. L. Miller, G. L. Elfring, G. Gruia, S. Hirawat, J. Y. Douillard, L. B. Saltz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

3503 Background: OS has been the 1o endpoint for phase III MCRC registration trials. However, increasing numbers of efficacious agents have extended OS and added therapeutic complexity. Evaluation of new drugs based on OS may be impeded by larger sample sizes, longer study durations, and crossovers. Thus, FDA, ASCO and AACR, in a review of surrogate and clinical benefit endpoints, have asked if TTP could replace OS as the 1o endpoint because it measures an early treatment effect and is not confounded by later therapies. Methods: As part of this effort, we assessed the relationship of TTP to OS in the 1o patient data from the 2 large, FDA-reviewed phase III trials (NEJM, 343:905, 2001; Lancet 355:1041, 2001) that form the basis of irinotecan/5-FU/leucovorin (IFL) approval in previously untreated MCRC. Patients (pts) were randomized to: Study 1 (bolus IFL or FL or I) and Study 2 (infusional IFL or FL) and could receive 2nd-line I or FL; 2nd-line oxaliplatin was not widely available. Results: The linear regression of OS vs TTP (mo) was OS=1.2xTTP+8.3 (r=.56), showing an ≈1:1 correlation between TTP and OS improvement and that pts lived an average of ≈8 more mo after progression. The OS:TTP relationship (slope) was not altered by treatment or prognostic factors (PS, LDH), but post-study survival (y-intercept) was affected. In a Cox regression analysis, longer OS was better explained by longer (≥6 mo) TTP (p<0.0001, hazard ratio [HR] 0.31) than by PS=0 (p<0.0001, HR 0.47) or normal LDH (p<0.0001, HR 0.51). Conclusion: An irinotecan-induced improvement in TTP translates into a similar improvement in OS, supporting the use of TTP as the 1o endpoint in phase III MCRC trials. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Pfizer Corp. Pfizer Corp. Pfizer Corp. Pfizer Corp. Aventis Pfizer Pfizer Corp.
Fungal colonization in interstitial lung diseases
Authors: Ilya Sivokozov, Olga Lovacheva, Eugene Shmelev, Elena Larionova
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Many of interstitial lung diasease are tend to impair the immunity, thus patients in this group have a higher risk of fungal diseases. But still little is known regarding the role of fungal colonization in interstitial lung diseases, when fungi are not definite a causative agent.   Aim:  To investigate the incidence and effects of fungal colonization of lower respiratory tract using PCR of bronchaoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens among patients with sarcoidosis and extrincsic allergic alveolitis (EAA).   Materials:  132 patients with sarcoidosis, and 80 patients with EAA undergo BAL with further PCR test for A. fumigatus and C. albicans using commercial assays. Cytology of BAL, different disease parameters including functional tests, radiology were analyzed.   Results:  In sarcoidosis patients, Aspergillus was found in 22 cases (16.7%), 14 were males, and Candida detected in 11 cases (8.3%) - 3 were males. Among EAA patients, Aspergillus detected in 13 cases (16.2%), 5 were males, and Candida in 9 (11.3%) cases, 4 were males. In sarcoidosis, Candida colonization was associated with lower FVC (72%), DLCO (64%), and higher neutrophils level in BAL (32%), as also disease duration (112.8 weeks) vs patients without it (92%, 88%, 9% and 38.2 weeks, respectively). In EAA Candida detection was also associated with lower DLCO (58%), 6-minute walk test distance (340 m), higher neutrophils level in BAL (34%), disease duration (107.3 weeks) vs patients without it (72%, 421 m, 12% and 48.7 weeks, respectively). Aspergillus detection altered disease parameters in similar way.   Conclusion:  Colonization of respiratory tract with fungi in interstitial lung diseases plays a prominent role in deterioration of disease.
Abstract P215: Role for Reduced MIF Secretion in Attenuated AMPK Activation and Ischemic Recovery in the Senescent Heart
Authors: Heng Ma, Jingying Wang, D P Thomas, Lin Leng, Wenkui Wang, Melanie Merk, Swen Zierow, Jurgen Bernhagen, Jun Ren, Richard Bucala, Ji Li
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Abstract 9240: Successful Implementation of ACCF/AHA Performance Measures for Adults With Heart Failure Reduces Mortality in South-East Asian Patients With Chronic Heart Failure
Authors: Poh Shuan Daniel Yeo, Ping Chai, Hean Yee Ong, Amanda Koh, Rose Shiow Ling Low
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a leading cause of hospitalization in Singapore (5541 discharges in Financial Year 2012/2013). The National Healthcare Group comprises 3 public hospitals with a total bed complement of about 2950 and receives 50% of HF admissions in the nation. We evaluated the recent outcomes of our 10-year Heart Failure Disease Management Program (HFDMP). Methods: Patients admitted with a clinical diagnosis of acute HF were recruited from Apr 2007 to Mar 2012. All patients were managed by cardiologists. A clinical carepath was used to standardize evidence-based care. Prognostically beneficial drugs such as Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme-Inhibitors and Beta-Blockers were commenced inpatient at low doses and up-titrated as tolerated in the outpatient HF clinic. Case Managers educate and counsel patients on managing their disease, and provide telephone follow-up. Performance measures were tracked as per ACCF/AHA Guidelines. Results: We recruited 2900 patients, of whom 2527 remained in the HFDMP for at least one year. Of these, 62.9% were male, age 67.6 ± 13.2 (range 17-103) years, and mean LVEF 31.4 ± 14.5%. Median baseline 6 minute walk test (6MWT) was 250.5m, Minnesota Living With Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLWHF) score 33.5, and NYHA Class 2. At 6 months, median 6MWT improved to 281.1m, MLWHF score fell to 25, and NYHA Class was 1.76 (all p &lt; 0.005). The 1-year mortality rate improved from 16.75% in 2007 to 11.46% in 2011 (Fig 1)despite stable readmission rates at 1, 6, and 12 months (Fig 2). Conclusion: HF treatment based on ACCF/AHA Performance Measures and implemented by a HFDMP results in real-world reduction in mortality without compromising on readmission rates.
Crohn's Disease with Fistulae Involving Joints
Authors: D R Shreeve, L P Ormerod, E M Dunbar
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1982)

Two cases of Crohn's disease with unusual manifestations of fistulae involving joints are reported. One case with a fistula from the rectum through the pelvis presented with an abscess adjacent to the left hip joint. The second presented acutely with inflammation and swelling of the right thigh suggesting thrombophlebitis. This patient died from septicaemia and was found at postmortem to have ileal Crohn's disease with fistulae into the thigh, producing septic arthritis of the knee. The possibility of underlying Crohn's disease should be considered in patients who develop abscesses adjacent to the pelvis, or physical signs suggesting thrombophlebitis of the thigh.
Opioid Misuse and Abuse: Risk Assessment and Management in Patients with Cancer Pain
Authors: Doralina L. Anghelescu, Jennifer Harman Ehrentraut, Lane G. Faughnan
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

The FDA's 2012 risk evaluation and mitigation strategy is a major step toward systematically reducing the inherent risks of chronic opioid therapy for pain, but does not distinguish between risks related to sources of pain. This article discusses the effect of risk mitigation in the treatment of cancer pain, with a focus on pretreatment screening and ongoing monitoring in this patient population that often requires pain management at some time during cancer treatment. Experience with screening, risk stratification, and interventions at one cancer center is shared, along with some recommendations for practice. A new screening checklist is proposed that summarizes known risk factors. Patients with cancer are not protected from the problems of opioid abuse/misuse, and the multidisciplinary cancer treatment team should coordinate an evaluation of risk and the monitoring of aberrant behaviors as part of the comprehensive care plan.
Emerging Treatments in Recurrent and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Kristen Keon Ciombor, Tanios Bekaii-Saab
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is a prevalent disease for which many new therapies have been developed over the past decade. Currently, standard of care chemotherapeutic regimens for mCRC include doublet cytotoxic chemotherapy with or without the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) monoclonal antibody bevacizumab, anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab and panitumumab with or without chemotherapy, and single-agent cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy for patients intolerant of combination regimens. Recent studies have investigated the efficacy of triplet cytotoxic chemotherapeutic regimens, bevacizumab in combination with chemotherapy beyond first-line therapy disease progression, dual anti-VEGF and anti-EGFR antibody therapy, and the more novel agents ziv-aflibercept and regorafenib for treatment of mCRC. Furthermore, molecular profiling of CRC has identified several genetic alterations for which targeted therapies are currently being developed. Optimal drug combinations and treatment sequences have yet to be defined, but an expanding armamentarium of therapies with which to treat CRC offers a promising future.
Nanotechnology and individualized oncology
Authors: Mauro Ferrari
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract The advent of novel engineering technologies affords unprecedented advances toward long-elusive objectives of medical research. Individualized medicine responds to the basic but generally unattainable question of identifying the right therapy, reaching the right therapeutic target in the body at the right time, and securing immediate feedback as for its efficacy and undesired collateral effect. Finally, individualized medicine appears to be a credible general objective in cancer, owing to the integration of classical disciplines of clinical medicine, methods of molecular biology, and novel technology platforms. Nanotechnologies are of great interest in the context of the drive toward individualized oncology, and may prove to be the necessary catalyst for its large-scale implementation. In this talk I will present nanoporous-silicon-based approaches for the individualization of medical intervention: multistage vectors for the preferential localization of therapeutic agents; therapeutic monitoring nanotextured chips for the proteomic and peptidomic content profiling of biological samples; nanochannel delivery systems for intelligent time-release from implants, and bionanoscaffolds for post-traumatic osteoregeneration. While novel nanoplatforms engender direct clinical applications, at the same time they afford the formulation of novel frameworks and hypotheses for the basic understanding of pathological processes. In particular, multistage particulates are the probes that afford the exploration of a new perspective of cancer, that is, that the unifying aspect of the canonical ‘hallmarks of cancers’ all relate to dysregulation of mass transport at scales including the molecular, cellular, microenvironmental, and systemic. These considerations are the starting point for “Transport OncoPhysics.”
The prognostic value of anemia, thrombocytosis and leukocytosis at time of diagnosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Martin Sandelin, Georg Holgersson, Christer Janson, Simon Ekman, Michael Bergqvist
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  To study the prognostic potential of haemoglobine (Hgb)-, platelet (Plt)- and white blood cell (WBC) levels at time of diagnosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.   Background:  The search for prognostic and predictive biomarkers in NSCLC is intense. With an increasing number of targeted agents available the present focus is on the genetics of the tumour. However, a majority of all patients lack genetic markers that favour targeted therapies. Thus the need for basic prognostic factors to optimise the treatment for each individual patient is essential   Methods:  833 NSCLC patients, stage I-IV were included in the study. WBC, Plt, Hgb, gender, age at diagnosis, stage, surgery and first-line chemotherapy were studied in relation to overall survival.   Results:  For patients with Hgb  110g/L the median survival was 11.2 and 14.5 months respectively (p=0.0032). For WBC >9.0×10 9 /L and  9 /L the median survival was 11.6 and 15.4 months respectively (p 350×10 9 /L and  9 /L the median survival was 11.2 and 14.9 months respectively (p   Conclusions:  The level of the three studied biomarkers corresponds significantly to outcome. A trend for worsened prognosis is shown when combinations of two pathological markers are present. With all three biomarkers pathological the median survival is halved compared to the group with normal levels. The results are important for the decisions regarding treatment choice and intensity.
Use of Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants in Special Patient Populations with Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation: A Review of the Literature and Application to Clinical Practice
Authors: Julie Kalabalik, Gail B. Rattinger, Jesse Sullivan, Malgorzata Slugocki, Antonia Carbone, Anastasia Rivkin
Journal: Drugs (2015)
Comparison between autologous noncultured epidermal cell suspension and suction blister epidermal grafting in stable vitiligo: a randomized study
Authors: A. Budania, D. Parsad, A.J. Kanwar, S. Dogra
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Vitiligo is an acquired disorder of pigmentation due to loss of epidermal melanocytes. Autologous noncultured epidermal cell suspension (NCES; a cellular grafting technique) and suction blister epidermal grafting (SBEG; a tissue grafting technique) are important established surgical modalities for the treatment of stable vitiligo.To compare the two techniques, NCES and SBEG, for producing repigmentation in patients with stable vitiligo.We randomized 41 patients with 54 stable vitiligo lesions into two groups. Patients in group 1 were treated with NCES, and those in group 2 with SBEG. They were evaluated 16 weeks postsurgery for the extent of repigmentation, colour match, change in Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) score and patient satisfaction.The extent of repigmentation was excellent (showing 90-100% repigmentation) in 71% of lesions in the NCES group and 27% of lesions in the SBEG group (P = 0·002). Repigmentation ≥ 75% (good repigmentation) was observed in 89% of lesions in the NCES group and 85% of lesions in the SBEG group (P = 0·61). There was a significant decline in DLQI score in both the groups; the mean decline among groups differed significantly (P = 0·045). No significant difference was seen in colour match and pattern of repigmentation. Adverse effects were minimal.NCES is significantly better than SBEG and should be the preferred treatment for patients with stable vitiligo. To best of our knowledge, this is the first study directly comparing these two techniques.
Abstract 5788: VCAM-1 Targeted PET-CT Detects Inflammatory Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Matthias Nahrendorf, Edmund Keliher, Peter Panizzi, Hanwen Zhang, Sheena Hembrador, Peter Libby, Kimberly Kelly, Ralph Weissleder
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Hybrid PET-CT imaging of VCAM-1 expression and vascular anatomy may facilitate simultaneous assessment of atherosclerotic lesion biology and morphology, and enhance risk assessment in individual patients. We used combined in vitro/in vivo screening of candidate affinity ligands and developed a PET reporter for imaging VCAM-1 expression with high sensitivity, specificity and translational potential. Three different phage display-derived VCAM-1 affinity peptides were tested using immobilized VCAM-1, VCAM-1 expressing cells and apoE−/− mice. A compound with a linear peptide and arborising tetrameric design showed high affinity (86.6 nM) and specificity for VCAM-1 (97% inhibition with soluble VCAM-1). This lead compound was derivatized with 18Fluorine to synthesize the clinically viable PET agent 18F-4V. In vivo PET-CT imaging showed robust uptake of 18F-4V in plaque laden arterial sections from 8 apoE−/− mice, significantly higher than in 4 wild type mice and attenuated by atorvastatin treatment (p&lt;0.05). 18F-4V uptake was confirmed in excised aortas, colocalized with atherosclerotic plaques delineated by Oil Red O staining and correlated with mRNA levels of VCAM-1 measured by quantitative RT-PCR (R2=0.62, p=0.03). 18F-4V allows noninvasive PET-CT imaging of VCAM-1 in atheromata, has sufficient dynamic range to quantify treatment effects, and correlates with inflammatory gene expression. This approach lends itself to seamless translation to human PET-CT imaging.
Evidence of efficacy of antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) in a Phase I trial in patients with advanced carcinoma.
Authors: Duncan Wilkins, Astrid Mayer, Surinder Sharma, Berend Tolner, Roslyn Francis, Caroline Springer, Janet Hartley, Geoff Boxer, James Bell, Alan Green, Sweta Parker, Natalie Griffin, Hassan Shahbakhti, Edward Grudus, Kerry Chester, Richard Begent
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

LB-200  Abstract LB-200 was submitted as a Late-Breaking Abstract and is embargoed until the time of presentation. The complete abstract will be posted to this site at or after the following date and time: 4/14/2008 2:30 PM.
Management of Elderly Patients With Cancer
Authors: Arti Hurria
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

Whether a patient is a candidate for cancer therapy goes far beyond the person's age. To evaluate an older adult for cancer treatment, oncologists must understand the benefits and quantify the risks of the proposed treatment, determine the patient's decision-making capacity, and make the decision in collaboration with the patient's preferences and values. In her presentation at the NCCN 18th Annual Conference, Dr. Arti Hurria discussed the major components in the comprehensive geriatric assessment in the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Senior Adult Oncology, focusing on functional (rather than chronologic) age, comorbidities, nutritional status, cognitive impairment, and psychosocial support. By uncovering problems possibly left undetected on a routine history and physical examination, this assessment may lead to interventions that improve health and wellbeing in older people with cancer.
Red cell distribution width and mean platelet volume as a non-invasive ventilation success marker in COPD with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure
Authors: Mehmet Yavsan, Mustafa Göktepe, Mustafa Tosun, Emine Karatas, Turgut Teke, Kürsat Uzun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) reduces the need for intubation and the mortality in hypercapnic respiratory failure with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).We hypothesised that it might be of prognostic importance RDW and MPV in NIV failure in hypercapnic acute respiratory failure (ARF) due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This is a prospective study. We studied 91 consecutive patients with COPD (mean age: 70.0±10.42 years). The subjects were divided into four groups (Healthy control, COPD without respiratory failure, COPD with success NIV and COPD with failure of NIV). Red cell distribution width was calculated by both impedance and flow cytometric analyzers as the part of the routine full blood count.  Patients with COPD had significantly higher (p  The presence of low RDW value was preedictor of NIV failure in patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure. The low RDW may be a marker of NIV failure.
Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis
Authors: Dong Won Park, Hyun Jung Kwak, Sang-Heon Kim, Tae Hyung Kim, Jang Won Sohn, Ho Joo Yoon, Dong Ho Shin, Sung Soo Park, Ji-Yong Moon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

The measurement of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) provides the activity of airway inflammation. However, the role of FeNO in the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains controversial. The aims of this study were: 1) to determine whether levels of FeNO were elevated in patients with pulmonary TB and its potential relationship with other clinical variables; 2) to investigate the change of FeNO after anti-TB treatment; 3) to find out factors affecting levels of FeNO in response to pulmonary TB infection. We enrolled 69 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary TB and 118 healthy control subjects. For those with pulmonary TB, FeNO was measured twice: at entry and after two months of anti-TB treatment. The patients with pulmonary TB before anti-TB treatment had higher levels of FeNO compared to the control subjects, although the difference did not reach statistical significance (27.7 ± 17.6 vs. 27.0 ± 10.8 ppb, p=0.531). In a multivariate regression analysis, no significant relationship was found between pulmonary TB infection and levels of FeNO before treatment. In addition, initial levels of FeNO were not related to any of clinical variables of pulmonary TB including the disease extent on a chest radiograph, a burden of acid fast bacilli smear and fever at entry. Despite of anti-TB treatment for two months, levels of FeNO were not decreased significantly (27.0 ± 18.3 ppb to 24.0 ± 10.7 ppb, p=0.717). Also, there was no significant factor affecting the failure of FeNO decline after treatment. These results suggest that levels of FeNO in patients with pulmonary TB were neither elevated than healthy control nor reduced by anti-TB treatment.