tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Stenting for Stroke Prevention Debated
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16854: End-Stage Renal Disease Associated With Metabolic Syndrome: A Study of Biomarkers Relevant to Cardiovascular Risk
Authors: Jawed Fareed, Vinod Bansal, Debra Hoppensteadt, Daneyal Syed, Syed Ahmad
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MS) represents a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors which contribute to myocardial infarction and stroke in end stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Several metabolic biomarkers have been identified and their circulating levels provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of MS/ESRD. The purpose of this investigation is to profile biomarkers of MS in ESRD patients. Materials and Methods: Plasma samples from 87 patients with ESRD undergoing maintenance hemodialysis and 50 normals were collected prior to a routine session. These samples were profiled for metabolic biomarkers using protein chip bioarray technology. The protein chip array was comprised of several biomarkers of MS. All results were compiled in terms of group means +/- 1 SD (SEM) and statistically analyzed. Results: In comparison to the normal samples, the ESRD group showed marked increase in circulating levels of all biomarkers. TNFa (47.4 +/- 18.3 vs 4.1 +/- 1.1 ng/mL) and IL-6 (7.8 +/- 9.1 vs 0.8 +/- 0.4 ng/mL) showed the most pronounced increase. C-peptide (14.5 +/- 4.1 vs 2.8 +/- 1.6 ng/mL), leptin (29.7 +/- 29.2 vs 5.2 +/- 7.9 ng/mL), resistan (16.1 +/- 6.0 vs 2.3 +/- 0.7 ng/mL) and ferritin (274 +/- 57 vs 57 +/- 63 ng/mL) showed a 5-fold increase in the ESRD group compared to normal. PAI-1 (5.4 +/- 5.2 vs 2.9 +/- 2.5 ng/mL), IL-1a (1.3 +/- 1.7 vs 0.35 +/- 0.07 ng/mL) and insulin (32.1 +/- 17.3 vs 17.1 +/- 1.7 ng/mL) showed modest increase in the ESRD patients. The increase in all of the MS biomarkers in the ESRD patients were highly significantly elevated, p &lt;0.05. Conclusion: The specific biochip array for MS allows the selective determination of various biomarkers associated with this syndrome in the ESRD patients and normals. Parallel increase in resistan, insulin, C-peptide, and leptin points to the derangement of glucose metabolism in these patients. Increase IL-1a, TNFa, and ferritin suggests the upregulation of an inflammatory process. PAI-1 increase suggests a fibrinolytic deficit. The parallel derangement of the inflammatory process and metabolic syndrome contributes to the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in these patients.
Increase of coagulation potential in chronic spontaneous urticaria
Authors: T. Takeda, Y. Sakurai, S. Takahagi, J. Kato, K. Yoshida, A. Yoshioka, M. Hide, M. Shima
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Takeda T, Sakurai Y, Takahagi S, Kato J, Yoshida K, Yoshioka A, Hide M, Shima M. Increase of coagulation potential in chronic spontaneous urticaria. Allergy 2011; 66: 428–433. Background: The pathogenesis of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CU) has recently been conceived to be associated with thrombin generation through the extrinsic coagulation pathway. However, little is known about the components of the intrinsic coagulation pathway potentially involved. Methods: To investigate the whole process of coagulation, both classical coagulation assays and a global coagulation test, the intrinsic coagulation pathway-dependent activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) clot waveform analysis, were performed using plasma of 36 patients with CU who had various severities. Results: Classical coagulation assays revealed that levels of fibrinogen, D-dimer, and fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), and positive rates of soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) were significantly elevated in patients with CU, whereas the elevation of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 was not statistically significant. On the other hand, all parameters of a global coagulation test, APTT clot waveform analysis, evidently showed a hypercoagulable pattern and were significantly correlated to disease severity of CU. Conclusions: CU is characterized by elevated blood coagulation potential with involvement of the intrinsic coagulation factors, which may contribute in vivo to the generation of fibrin even by small amounts of thrombin.
Abstract 96: Randomized Trial to Shorten Perishock Pauses During AED Use
Authors: Stefanie G Beesems, Michiel Hulleman, Jocelyn Berdowski, Rudolph W Koster
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective:  Retrospective studies show that interruption of CPR for shocks and long pre-shock pauses for ventricular fibrillation (VF) have a negative association with shock success and survival. Guidelines changes in 2005 eliminated long post-shock pauses. We tested a new AED protocol that also eliminated long pre-shock pauses and increased CPR for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and VF.   Materials and Methods:  In a per-patient randomized controlled trial, patients with OHCA with shockable initial rhythm were treated with two AED protocols. In the control protocol (A), based on Guidelines 2000, no CPR was given during analysis of the heart rhythm and charging. Rhythm analysis followed every shock, followed by a pulse check or if needed a second (200J) or third (360J) shock. If no pulse was detected, CPR was resumed immediately for 1 min. In the study protocol (B), a modification of the Guidelines 2005, a 15 second period of CPR during and after charging was added to the voice prompts, no pulse check, no rhythm analysis after a single shock, followed by CPR for 2 minutes. In both protocols, C:V ratio was 30:2.   Results:  In 1043 OHCA patients were connected to an AED and resuscitation started, 415 were included in the final analysis. Study patients (n=202) had short pre- and postshock pauses, received more CPR and fewer shocks than control patients (n=213) (Table). VF was terminated after the first shock in similar proportions (A:87% vs. B:89%; P=0.61). No significant difference was found in survival to hospital admission (A:64% vs. B:61%; P=0.66) and survival to discharge (A: 37% vs. study: 41%; P=0.48).   Conclusion:  An AED protocol with a period of CPR immediately before the shock and shortened pre- and postshock pauses, increased overall hands-on time and more compressions delivered, but did not increase the percentage of patients in which VF was terminated after the first shock, survival to hospital admission or survival to discharge.
Abstract 80: Activated SHP2 collaborates with MYCN in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis
Authors: Xiaoling Zhang, Guang Yang, A.Thomas Look, Benjamin G. Neel, Shizhen (Jane) Zhu
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Neuroblastoma, an embryonic tumor of peripheral sympathetic nervous system (PSNS), accounts for 10% of all childhood cancer deaths. We recently developed a robust zebrafish model of neuroblastoma and demonstrated that activated ALK synergizes with MYCN by inhibiting a developmentally-timed apoptotic response that is otherwise induced by MYCN. Genomic studies show that PTPN11 (encoding SHP2) is the second most frequently mutated genes in high-risk neuroblastoma. We have now used our zebrafish model to ask whether mutationally activated SHP2 functions as an oncogene in neuroblastoma. We developed a transgenic line in which ptpn11E69K is overexpressed in the PSNS under control of the dopamine-beta-hydroxylase promoter. Interestingly, ptpn11E69K synergized with MYCN to accelerate the onset of neuroblastoma in the interrenal gland (IRG), the zebrafish analogue of the adrenal medulla. Tumors began to appear at 15 weeks in transgenic fish overexpressing MYCN alone, whereas latency was shortened to 7 weeks and the penetrance was increased more than four-fold in transgenic fish coexpressing MYCN and ptpn11E69K. Coexpression of ptpn11E69K and MYCN also induced ganglioneuroma in the sympathetic ganglia, an outcome that has not been observed in transgenic fish overexpressing MYCN and activated ALK. In addition, coexpression of ptpn11E69K and MYCN induced adrenal neuroblastic hyperplasia in the IRG of all the transgenic fish at 5 weeks of age, a phenotype that has only been observed in about 50% of transgenic fish overexpressing activated ALK and MYCN or MYCN alone. Thus, these results suggest that activated SHP2 can collaborate with MYCN in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis via mechanisms different from those of activated ALK. Thus, zebrafish appears to provide a robust model system for functional genomic analysis and for the investigation of the mechanisms and pathways underlying genetic alterations identified in integrative genomic studies. Citation Format: Xiaoling Zhang, Guang Yang, A.Thomas Look, Benjamin G. Neel, Shizhen (Jane) Zhu. Activated SHP2 collaborates with MYCN in neuroblastoma tumorigenesis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 80. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-80
Patients in Pain Need Round-the-Clock CareChronic Pain Linked With Poor Sleep; Exploration of Causes and TreatmentFunding Stem Cell ResearchNew Organization Promotes Patient-Oriented ResearchPatients in Pain Need Round-the-Clock CareChronic Pain Linked With Poor Sleep; Exploration of Causes and TreatmentFunding Stem Cell ResearchNew Organization Promotes Patient-Oriented Research
Authors: L Lamberg
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Airway inflammation and airway pathophysiology in older asthmatics
Authors: Celeste Porsbjerg, Peter Gibson, Jeffrey Pretto, Cheryl Salome, Nathan Brown, Greg King
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Asthma morbidity increases with ageing, which may partially result from alterations in airway pathophysiology. We aimed to describe determinants of ventilatory function and airway responses in older asthmatics to further our understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms.   Methods:  Bronchoconstriction was induced with hypertonic saline (HTS) in 30 asthmatics aged over 54 years (75% female). The response dose ratio (RDR,%change/mg saline) was used to quantify challenge response: RDRFEV1/FVC reflecting airway narrowing, and RDRFVC reflecting airway closure. These measures were regressed against markers of airway inflammation (Induced sputum (s-) neutrophils and eosinophils and exhaled NO).   Results:  Average (SD) FEV1 was 78%pred (16), FVC 91% (12) with 13% (9) fall in FEV1 during HTS challenge. Baseline ventilatory function was inversely correlated with s-neutrophils (r=-0.61, -0.53 and -0.56 for FEV1%, FVC% and FEV1/FVC respectively, all p 0.05 for all).  In contrast, the challenge response was predicted by eNO (RDRFEV1/FVC: r= 0,42, p=0,05), indicating airway narrowing associated with airway inflammation. Age predicted an increased RDRFVC (r=0,47 p=0.02), suggesting an increasing tendency to airway closure with ageing.   Conclusions:  In older asthmatics, the pattern of inflammation bears important relationships to airway physiology. Neutrophilic inflammation is an important determinant of baseline ventilatory function, whereas airway reactivity relates to eosinophilic inflammation. Age is also determinant of airway closure, consistent with an age-related reduction in parenchymal airway support.
For Friends Missing in Action
Authors: Walt McDonald
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Osteopontin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 as markers of early detection of prostate cancer development
Authors: Grazia Malaponte, Massimo Libra, Giancarlo Castellano, Sabrina Franco, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Maria Mazzarino, Silavana Canevari, Franca Stivala
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

B58  Despite advances in early detection and efforts to establish new therapies, prostate cancer remains the second cause of tumor-related deaths in the Western world. Identification of additional markers may be helpful in better understanding both tumor development and treatment. Recent studies demonstrated that osteopontin (OPN) induces nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-mediated promatrix metalloproteinase-2 activation through IkappaBalpha/IkappaBalpha kinase (IKK) signaling pathways suggesting that the bond of OPN to alfa-v-beta-3 integrin activates promatrix metalloproteinase-9 and consequently the cellular motility. Here we investigated if OPN together with MMP-9 may play a role in the development and progression of prostate carcinoma by using bioinformatic and experimental approaches. A strong correlation (r=0.54; P
Abstract 9386: Ramp Biphasic Waveforms Have a Lower External Defibrillation Threshold
Authors: Jian Huang, Gregory P Walcott, Raymond E Ideker
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: We have previously shown that waveforms with an ascending ramp in both phases have a lower internal defibrillation threshold (DFT). The purpose of this study was to test whether waveforms with rectilinear, ascending and descending ramps in the second phase would reduce the DFT compared with a standard exponential biphasic waveform with external defibrillation shocks. Methods: In 6 pigs, DFTs were determined for 10 waveforms: a standard truncated exponential biphasic waveform with 60% tilt (Fig 1, #1) and 9 biphasic waveforms with an 8 ms ascending ramp 1st phase and one of 3 rectilinear, ascending ramp or descending ramp 2nd phases. The 3 rectilinear 2nd phases were: 1 ms, 200% of peak voltage of phase 1 (#2); 2 ms, same voltage as phase (#3); 3 ms, half the voltage of phase 1 (#4). The 3 ascending ramp 2nd phases were: 2 ms, 200% of voltage of phase 1(#5); 3 ms, same voltage as phase 1(#6); 4.5 ms, half the voltage of phase 1(#7). The 3 descending ramp 2nd phases were: 2 ms, 200% of voltage of phase 1(#8); 3 ms, same voltage as phase 1(#9); 4.5 ms, half the voltage of phase 1(#10). Results: Phase 2 ascending ramp (#7) and descending ramp (#8, #9) waveforms had the lowest DFTs, which were significantly smaller than for the truncated exponential waveform. (Fig 1, *indicates p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: Waveforms with a ramp in phase 2 (#7, #8, #9) have a lower DFT.
Abstract 18842: Point of Care Testing Overestimates INR in CF-LVAD Patients
Authors: Marija Dionizovik-Dimanovski, Allison P Levin, Kanika P Mody, Erica Simonich, Justin Fried, Bindu Kalesan, Arthur R Garan, Melana Yuzefpolskaya, Yoshifumi Naka, Hiroo Takayama, Paolo C Colombo, Nir Uriel, Ulrich P Jorde
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Long-term anticoagulation therapy with warfarin is used in pts. with continuous-flow LVAD (CF-LVAD) to minimize the occurrence of thromboembolic events. Patient self-testing (PST) of INR with home monitoring devices has been shown to improve time within therapeutic INR range as well as patient satisfaction in other settings. However, PST devices have never been tested in pts. with CF-LVADs. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of PST devices in patients supported with CF-LVADs. Methods: A correlation study was performed in 50 CF-LVAD pts. who were on stable warfarin therapy for a minimum of 3 weeks. Simultaneous INR values were determined from capillary whole blood samples using the Alere home monitoring PST device and venous blood samples processed in the core laboratory at a large volume CF-LVAD center. Hematocrit, liver function tests, TSH, and amiodarone use were also recorded on patients due to their propensity to affect warfarin metabolism and INR results. Results: Fifty LVAD pts with a mean age of 60 (±14) years were included in the study. Forty-one (82%) were male, and the mean time on CF-LVAD support at the time of INR measurement was 12 months, ranging from 1 to 56 months. There was a moderate correlation between the venous and capillary INR values with a correlation coefficient of 0.83 (r 2 =0.68, p&lt;0.001; Fig 1a). The median difference between the methods was 0.39, with 44/50 pts. having higher INRs with Alere (Fig 1b). Results remained the same after controlling for the use of amiodarone, abnormal hematocrit and liver enzymes, creatinine and TSH. Conclusion: Point of care testing with Alere consistently overestimates INR when compared to conventional laboratory testing in CF-LVAD patients. While our data requires large scale validation, similar results have been reported with point of care testing in other patient populations. Once validated, failure to adjust for this difference may lead to unintentional subterapeutic INR.
MODERN MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS
Authors: R A GOODWIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1954)

Article1 August 1954MODERN MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS: PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTSR. A. GOODWIN JR., M.D., F.A.C.P.R. A. GOODWIN JR., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-41-2-328 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptFor nearly half-a-century tuberculosis became increasingly isolated from the field of internal medicine as the sanatorium movement developed. The recent era of anti-tuberculosis drugs and surgical resection has re-stimulated the interest of the internist in this important disease. Certain principles and concepts governing the current management of pulmonary tuberculosis are presented.The final outcome in treated pulmonary tuberculosis is dependent upon the influence of therapeutic measures on the fundamental host-parasite relationship. Effective use of therapy must take into account concepts of pathogenesis of the disease and some knowledge of the basic mechanisms of healing. The basic principles of pathogenesis may... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Nashville, Tennessee*Presented at the Thirty-fifth Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, Chicago, Illinois, April 9, 1954.From the Tuberculosis Service, Veterans Administration Hospital, and the Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 August 1954Volume 41, Issue 2Page: 328-332KeywordsDrugsHospital medicinePathogenesisSurgical resection ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1954 PDF downloadLoading ...
Lifestyle Modifications to Prevent Hypertension
Authors: Michael McGuffin
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal