tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Better palliative care could cut euthanasia
Authors: H. Matthews
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Euthanasia in the Netherlands is proving detrimental to the practice of medicine and is usually avoidable, Dutch palliative care physician Dr Ben Zylicz told a meeting at the United Kingdom's House of Lords last week.

The practice of non-voluntary euthanasia--in which the patient is unable to give consent--is becoming widespread, in contravention of Dutch guidelines, warned Dr Zylicz. He …
Satellite lesions accompanying herpes zoster: a new prognostic sign for high-risk zoster
Authors: L. el Hayderi, S. Bontems, N. Nikkels-Tassoudji, J.E. Arrese, L. Seidel, C. Meex, A.F. Nikkels
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Journal Article Satellite lesions accompanying herpes zoster: a new prognostic sign for high‐risk zoster Get access L. el Hayderi, L. el Hayderi Department of Dermatology University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Bontems, S. Bontems Department of Fundamental Virology University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Nikkels‐Tassoudji, N. Nikkels‐Tassoudji Department of Dermatology University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Correspondence Arjen F. Nikkels. E‐mail: af.nikkels@chu.ulg.ac.be Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.E. Arrese, J.E. Arrese Department of Dermatopathology University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar L. Seidel, L. Seidel Department of Biostatistics University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C. Meex, C. Meex Department of Fundamental Virology University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.F. Nikkels A.F. Nikkels Department of Dermatology University of Liège B‐4000 Liège Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 172, Issue 6, 1 June 2015, Pages 1530–1534, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13643 Published: 01 June 2015
The cellular electrophysiologic changes induced by ablation: comparison between argon laser photoablation and high-energy electrical ablation.
Authors: J H Levine, J C Merillat, M Stern, H F Weisman, A H Kadish, E N Moore, J F Spear, J Fonger, T Guarnieri
Journal: Circulation (1987)

The cellular electrophysiologic effects of myocardial ablation performed in vitro with argon laser energy were compared with those of high-energy electrical shocks. A border zone of injured but nonnecrotic tissue surrounding the site of energy delivery was present after tissue ablation by both energy modalities. A decrease in resting membrane potential, action potential amplitude, and maximum rate of upstroke velocity was noted in each tissue sample, was greatest nearest the site of energy delivery, and was of graded severity at increasing distances from the crater edge. The extent of injury, as indexed by changes in action potential variables and necrosis, histologically determined, was greater for tissues exposed to high-energy shocks. The relatively focal injury after argon laser photoablation may explain the lower incidence of arrhythmias and hemodynamic dysfunction noted with the use of this method of ablation in vivo.
SCARLATINA AND DUKES' DISEASE.
Authors: A. C. COTTON
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The struggle for recognition of the different acute contagious exanthems, though interesting as history, need not take our time except as a reminder of the obstacles and prejudices encountered in the evolution of differential diagnosis. As variola and varicella were separated, so morbilli and scarlatina parted company to stand as distinct entities instead of different manifestations or expressions of one contagium. There are those who can recall the controversy over the identity of rötheln (German measles), and there may be those who still hesitate to award nosologic dignity to that symptom-complex. With here and there exceptions, however, the profession has accepted rubella as an entity in the group of exanthems, to our great relief in differential diagnosis. Morbilli, scarlatina and rubella in their typical forms show individuality beyond question. In hybrid forms and in mixed infections differentiation by mere symptoms alone is extremely difficult and at times impossible. The temptation
Where's the Bias?
Authors: George Eby
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters1 January 1998Where's the Bias?George Eby, MSGeorge Eby, MSGeorge Eby Research; Austin, TX 78704Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-1-199801010-00026 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:In my opinion, the main source of bias in the use of zinc lozenges for the common cold has come from Dr. Jack M. Gwaltney Jr., the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's chief common cold consultant. He has consistently denied the efficacy of zinc lozenges since publication of our original 1984 article [1].Gwaltney and colleagues later published a study comparing lozenges containing zinc gluconate and 1.3-mole citric acid with placebo [2]. The citric acid bound all zinc ions and released negatively charged zinc species at a physiologic pH [3]. Those lozenges worsened colds. These results convinced ...References1. Eby GA, Davis DR, Halcomb WW. Reduction in duration of common colds by zinc gluconate lozenges in a double blind study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1984; 25:20-4. Google Scholar2. Farr BM, Conner EM, Betts RF. Two randomized, controlled trials of zinc gluconate lozenge therapy of experimentally induced rhinovirus colds. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1987; 31:1183-7. Google Scholar3. Martin RB. pH as a variable in free zinc ion concentration from zinc-containing lozenges [Letter]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1988; 32:608-9. Google Scholar4. Mossad SB, Macknin ML, Medendorp SV, Mason P. Zinc gluconate lozenges for treating the common cold. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Intern Med. 1996; 125:81-8. Google Scholar5. Eby GA. Zinc lozenges as cure for common colds. Ann Pharmacother. 1996; 30:1336-8. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: George Eby, MSAffiliations: George Eby Research; Austin, TX 78704 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 January 1998Volume 128, Issue 1Page: 75KeywordsAntiviralsClinical trialsCommon coldFood and Drug AdministrationSaltsZinc ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 January 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
722-4 Comparison of Thallium Reinjection Scintigraphy to Dobutamine Echocardiography for Detecting Myocardial Viability
Authors: Claude Le Feuvre, Nicole Baubion, Nicolas Aubry, Jean P. Metzger, François Petit, Pierre de Vernejoul, André Vacheron
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Researchers describe how new melanoma drug blocks key cancer pathway
Authors: S. Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2010)

An investigational new drug has a “remarkably” high response rate (81%) in patients with metastatic melanoma, says a recent report in Nature , which describes how the drug inhibits a key signalling pathway in tumour development.

The drug, PLX4032, inhibits B-RAF kinase, an enzyme that regulates signalling pathways in cells to control cell division and differentiation. B-RAF kinase is the most frequently mutated protein kinase in human cancers.

The researchers report that it selectively blocks a particular pathway in cells with mutations of the BRAF gene, known to be associated with the development of cancer ( Nature , doi:1038/nature09454). When a growth factor binds to its receptor on the surface of the cells, this pathway—made up of a chain of kinase enzymes (RAF, MEK, and ERK)—communicates a signal from the surface to DNA in the cell’s nucleus.

Once the signal reaches the DNA it triggers production of further proteins that control cell division and differentiation. If any of these proteins are mutated, they can be stuck in the “on” or “off” position. This …
Early identification of patients at low risk of death after myocardial infarction and potentially suitable for early hospital discharge
Authors: R W Parson, K D Jamrozik, M S T Hobbs, D L Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Height predicts normal spirometry and Forced Oscillation Technique (FOT) values. Its measurement can be difficult with mobility or joint problems. Prediction equations from ulna length to height and spirometry exist for 7-18 year olds.<sup>1</sup> For young children, use of existing prediction equations have not been assessed. Aim: To assess if published height prediction equations are appropriate in children 2-6 years, and develop new equations where appropriate. Methods: Children (2-6 years) were recruited from childcare, excluding those with medical conditions. Height was measured with a Harpenden Stadiometer and ulna length with Harpenden callipers. Regression analysis devised prediction equations from ulna length to height. Student t test assessed differences between actual height, and the value predicted by the published prediction equation. Results: 234 children were recruited, mean age: males 3.73 ±1.09, females 3.70 ±1.09 years. 34 (12.82%) were excluded. A linear relationship exists between ulna length and height 2-18 years. The prediction equation for males is: 4.629*ulna + 1.340*age +26.974 (R<sup>2</sup> 0.97, RMSE 3.84); for females: 4.577*ulna + 1.343*age + 28.345 (R<sup>2</sup> 0.96, RMSE 3.78). The published prediction equation overestimates height in males (mean +1.11cm ±1.72, p&lt;0.001) and females (mean +2.47cm ±1.84 p&lt;0.001). Racial differences exist. Conclusion: In children aged 2-6 years in whom height measurement is difficult, new prediction equations for height from ulna length should be used as published prediction equations overestimate height in young children. 1. Gauld et al. <i>Devel Med Child Neurol</i> 2004:46;475-480.
The Debt and the Cash Flow of Residents: I. The Grim Present
Authors: Scott S. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent<i>JAMA</i>article about the effect of student loan indebtedness on resident cash flow<sup>1</sup>and the Resident Forum<sup>2</sup>that was published in the same issue address important issues facing today's house staff. Student loan indebtedness is a growing area of concern as the number of students who borrow and the amount of indebtedness at the end of medical school continue to increase. Careful examination of the model of Hernried et al<sup>1</sup>reveals other stressful points. At many or most levels of indebtedness examined in the model, even eliminating loan payments as a yearly expense through deferment would not make up the cash-flow deficit for that year. This implies that annual stipends are not only inadequate to begin paying back loans, but also inadequate to meet annual basic living expenses. One alternative offered is to defer loan payments during residency. As the Resident
Shrinkage of allograft vessels early after transplantation is independent of plaque progression and associated with myocardial fibrosis: a serial histologic and volumetric intravascular ultrasound study
Authors: Showkat A. Heil, Mohamad H. Yamani, Randall C. Starling, Paul Schoenhagen, Samir Kapadia, Timothy D. Crowe, Norman B. Ratliff, James B. Young, E.Murat Tuzcu
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
Identifying and Preventing Family-Mediated Abuse and Neglect of Elderly Persons
Authors: TERRENCE A. O'MALLEY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1983)

Unexplained trauma, neglected medical problems, failure to thrive, malnutrition, and misuse of medications may be manifestations of family-mediated abuse and neglect of the non-institutionalized elderly person. Physicians frequently overlook or misdiagnose this form of family violence. Access to these persons, assessment, and intervention are facilitated by focusing on the unmet care needs of the elderly person and by moving to meet those needs. Issues of intervention can be clarified by categorizing abuse or neglect as occurring in situations in which the dependency and care needs of the elderly person are paramount or in which the pathologic behavior of the abuser is most evident. The provision of specific support services or legally mandated separation of the elderly person and the abuser can be attempted but the elderly person's right to refuse any intervention must be recognized.
The Conquest of Happiness
Authors: K. S Robertson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

In its very dated style this is a practical guide to not being miserable. Written long before Aaron Beck’s Cognitive Therapy and the Emotional Disorders (1975) introduced cognitive behavioural therapy, Russell’s book is firmly rooted in its time and class (he cites as examples the happiness of his gardener and his maid) but concentrates on individual responsibility, and therein lies the book’s strength and continuing relevance.

Its structure is (as it would be) eminently logical, starting with the causes of unhappiness, proceeding to the causes of happiness, and ending with “the happy man.” Russell does not so much discount women as relegate them to the status of …
Immigrants with HIV may face death if deported from UK
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Deporting immigrants who have HIV or AIDS threatens not only the global goal of achieving universal access to treatment but also their lives, concludes a report launched in parliament this week by a group of health and human rights charities at an event hosted by the All-Party Parliamentary Group on AIDS.

Neil Gerrard MP, vice chairman of the group and chairman of the All-Party Group on Refugees, told the BMJ that they were calling on ministers to “ensure that migrants aren’t deported to countries where treatment may not be available.” He said that although it was difficult to get accurate data on HIV positive migrants threatened with expulsion, “we’re almost certainly talking of at least hundreds of …
596. A Novel Replication Incompetent Human Subgroup D Adenoviral Vector Based on Type 49: Manufacture on PER.C6®, Cell Tropism and Immunogenicity
Authors: Angelique Lemckert, Jos Grimbergen, Anna Thorner, Ronald Vogels, Paul Quax, Jaap Goudsmit, Dan Barouch, Menzo Havenga
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Adenoviral Recombinant vectors based on type 5 (rAd5) show great promise as vaccine carrier. However, neutralizing activity against Ad5 is prevalent and high titered among human populations and significantly dampens Ad5-based vaccine modalities. The generation of alternative adenoviral vectors with low sero-prevalence thus receives much research interest. We have previously published that several members of human subgroup D adenoviruses display low sero-prevalence in Europe and here we demonstrate that one such member, i.e. Ad49, is immunologically distinct from Ad5. We next set out to construct a plasmid system that allows formation of replication incompetent adenovirus serotype 49 vaccine vectors (rAd49) and demonstrate that rAd49 can be successfully propagated to high titers on existing E1-complementing cell lines such as PER.C6®. Using a rAd49 vector carrying the luciferase marker gene sero-prevalence studies were performed demonstrating that rAd49 has low sero-prevalence and neutralizing antibody titers worldwide. Also, we have initiated rAd49 vector receptor usage suggesting that rAd49 utilizes hCD46 as a cellular receptor. Next, we assessed the immunogenicity of the rAd49 vector and show that a rAd49.SIVGag vaccine induces strong anti-SIVGag CD8+T-lymphocytes in naive mice albeit approximately 1.5-fold less compared to a rAd5.SIVGag vaccine. However, in mice with high anti-Ad5 immunity the anti- SIVGag response was not statistically significant suppressed using the rAd49.SIVGag vaccine whereas the rAd5.SIVGag vaccine was severely blunted. Finally, rAd35.SIVGag prime-rAd49.SIVGag boost experiments in mice carrying high-level anti-Ad5 neutralizing activity demonstrated that the rAd49 based vaccine is not hampered by neither rAd5 nor rAd35 neutralizing activity. These data demonstrate the potential of a replication deficient human D-group adenoviral vector as stand-alone vaccine carrier or in prime-boost settings with other rare human adenoviral vectors.
Changing Prevalence of Heart Diseases in People's Republic of China
Authors: TSUNG O. CHENG
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1974)

Editorial Notes1 January 1974Changing Prevalence of Heart Diseases in People's Republic of ChinaTSUNG O. CHENG, M.D., F.A.C.P.TSUNG O. CHENG, M.D., F.A.C.P.Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-80-1-108 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA year ago I reported (1) the changing scenes in medicine in the People's Republic of China (PRC) that I observed during my visit to that country after an absence of 22 years. In the summer of 1973, I returned there on the invitation of the Chinese Medical Association for further exchange of information in cardiology. Heart disease is now the most prevalent disorder in China, and it is exceeded only by cancer as the major health problem.Although rheumatic, hypertensive cardiovascular, coronary artery, pulmonary, and congenital heart diseases remain the five major types of heart disease, their relative frequency...References1. CHENG T: A view of modern Chinese medicine. Observations by a Shanghai-born physician during his recent visit after 22 years of absence. Ann Intern Med 78:285-290, 1973 LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Division of Cardiology Department of Medicine George Washington University Medical Center Washington, D.C. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited ByMilestones in collaboration between the United States and China including the Hopkins–Nanjing CenterCardiovascular health, risks and diseases in contemporary ChinaCardiovascular health, risks and diseases in contemporary ChinaEffect of sleep deprivation on cardiovascular healthPrevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases Among the National Minorities of ChinaTSUNG O. CHENG, M.D.Chinese Food and PlateletsSzechwan PurpuraEthnic differences in mortality from ischemic heart disease: A study of migrant and native populations 1 January 1974Volume 80, Issue 1Page: 108-109KeywordsCardiovascular therapyChinese peopleCongenital heart diseaseCoronary arteriesPlasma renin concentrationPulmonary arteriesPulmonary diseases Issue Published: 1 January 1974 PDF DownloadLoading ...
T-Cell Activation Marker Expression on Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes As Prognostic Factor in Cutaneous Malignant Melanoma
Authors: Andrea Ladányi, Beáta Somlai, Katalin Gilde, Zsuzsanna Fejös, István Gaudi, József Tímár
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The central role of T cells in antitumor immunity is well established. However, tumor progression, often seen in the presence of substantial lymphocytic infiltration, suggests that these T cells are not capable of mounting an effective immune response to control tumor growth. Evidence has accumulated that T lymphocytes infiltrating human neoplasms are functionally defective, incompletely activated, or anergic. Therefore, when characterizing the immune competent cells within lymphoid infiltrates of tumors, it is important to assess their activation state. We investigated the expression of two T-cell activation markers, interleukin 2 receptor α (CD25) and OX40 (CD134), by immunohistochemistry in primary cutaneous melanoma samples of 76 patients and analyzed it in relation to tumor stage and tumor progression (&amp;gt;5 years follow-up), as well as to patients’ survival. We found that the degree of infiltration by CD25+ and intratumoral OX40+ lymphocytes showed a tendency to decrease in thicker melanomas. The frequency of samples with high numbers of peritumoral CD25+ and OX40+ cells was significantly lower (P = 0.0009 and P = 0.0087, respectively) in melanomas developing distant visceral metastases, compared with nonmetastatic or lymph node metastatic tumors. For both activation markers studied, high peritumoral densities were associated with longer survival by univariate analysis (P = 0.0028 and P = 0.0255 for CD25 and OX40, respectively), whereas peritumoral OX40+ lymphocyte infiltration had an impact on survival also in multivariate analysis (P = 0.035). The results suggest that the presence of lymphocytes expressing the T-cell activation markers CD25 or OX40 shows correlation with tumor progression as well as with patients’ survival in cutaneous malignant melanoma.
Pulmonary Stenosis and the Electrocardiographic Diastolic Overloading Pattern.
Authors: John H. Edmonds
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1964)

s1 April 1964Pulmonary Stenosis and the Electrocardiographic Diastolic Overloading Pattern.John H. Edmonds, M.D., C. Glenn Sawyer, M.D., F.A.C.P., Henry S. Miller, M.D., Robert C. McKone, M.D.John H. Edmonds, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, C. Glenn Sawyer, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Henry S. Miller, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Robert C. McKone, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-60-4-713_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn 60 to 90 per cent of patients with ostium secundum defects lead V1 of the electrocardiogram has an rSR′ pattern that is thought to be a reflection of "diastolic overloading" of the right ventricle. However, rSR′ patterns in V1 have been reported in 10 to 12 per cent of patients with isolated pulmonary stenosis with no evidence of diastolic overloading. This suggests that flow per se is not the sole determining factor of the QRS configuration in V1 in these two defects. This has been alluded to by Nadas and other authors.Forty-six patients with isolated pulmonary stenosis were... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Winston-Salem, North Carolina PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1964Volume 60, Issue 4Page: 713-713KeywordsElectrocardiographyPatient advocacyRight ventricleStenosis Issue Published: 1 April 1964 PDF downloadLoading ...
Risk of Hypoglycemia With Antihypertensive Medication-Reply
Authors: Wayne A. Ray
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>In Reply</h3> —Choice of antihypertensive drug therapy may be linked to unmeasured patient attributes or prescriber behavior that could be associated with risk of hypoglycemia. For example, if prescribers were more cautious in avoiding hypoglycemia in persons using β-blockers, as Drs Suissa and Garbe describe, then our findings would underestimate the risk of hypoglycemia associated with exposure to β-blockade. We attempted to estimate degree of glycemic control in our population using 2 variables: use of capillary fingerstick equipment and the level of glycosylated hemoglobin reported in the medical records of the cases. Less than 2% of the study population submitted a claim for capillary fingerstick equipment, and glycosylated hemoglobin was virtually never found in medical records.<sup>1,2</sup> Even in this large study, the number of events associated with some of the drug-drug combinations was small, which resulted in wide CIs, as described by Dr Gambassi and colleagues. Because of the small numbers