tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rational care needed, not rationing.
Authors: G Alberti, J T Hart
Journal: BMJ (1993)

paradoxical that the UN sent its troops to protect the people in the UN protected areas while its officials have no open access to the civilian population.Altogether 1626 people were expelled after the arrival of the UN protective force in the east sector, and the force admits that at least 500 people have been killed by Serbian paramilitary forces.We call on the international community, particularly doctors, to help in protecting the lives of these people now, when the winter has closed in on the starving, sick, young, and old.The presence of representatives of the international community and humanitarian organisations is necessary to protect the population.Although their presence may not be sufficient to prevent violations of the humanitarian law and abuses of the civilian popu- lation, their neutrality and independence may help "to defend those it assists, to keep them from dying of hunger, to protect them from ill-treatment, to make sure they do not 'disappear' and that they are not attacked" (J-L Blondel, extracts from the International Review of the Red Cross, Sept-Oct 1987).
LARYNGOLOGY AND ITS RELATIONS TO GENERAL MEDICINE.
Authors: J. SOLIS-COHEN
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Laryngology is more intimate in its relations to general medicine than is fully realized by the average practitioner, or by the exclusive specialist. Except by the initiated few, the laryngoscope was regarded in the earlier days of laryngology as little more than a physiological toy; but the lessons learned and the triumphs earned by those few, and by their pupils, their successors and their admirers, have slowly become sufficiently appreciated to render its more or less systematic study necessary in well-appointed schools of medicine. Indeed, in a number of medical schools, in the United States at least, laryngology, with its collateral subjects, is the students' favorite among the elective branches. Nearly every school has one professorial instructor with his staff of assistants; some schools have two, and at least one has three. This demand for laryngological instruction must soon culminate in its acknowledgment as an essential feature in medical tuition,
"We need to 'shake' the bill to make sure it works for patients"
Authors: R. Coombes
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Last week the <i>BMJ</i> brought together a group of influential clinicians and thinkers in UK healthcare to discuss the radical changes afoot in the NHS. <b>Rebecca Coombes </b>summarises the key points. You can also listen to edited highlights in a <i>BMJ</i> podcast (www.bmj.com/podcasts)
Psoriasis vulgaris coexistent with epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Authors: Y. ENDO, A. TAMURA, O. ISHIKAWA, Y. MIYACHI, T. HASHIMOTO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

Autoimmune bullous diseases, such as bullous pemphigoid or pemphigus vulgaris, occasionally develop in psoriatic patients. In addition, a novel subepidermal bullous disease with autoantibodies against a lower lamina lucida antigen of 200 kDa has recently been reported in association with psoriasis. We describe here a patient with psoriasis vulgaris who developed epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA). Direct immunofluorescence revealed linear deposition of IgG and C3 at the basement membrane zone. The patient's serum bound to the dermal side of salt-split normal human skin. However, immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the patient's serum reacted with an EBA antigen of 290 kDa. EBA should be included in the list of autoimmune diseases associated with psoriasis vulgaris.
Iron regulation by hepcidin
Authors: Ningning Zhao, An-Sheng Zhang, Caroline A. Enns
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2013)

Hepcidin is a key hormone that is involved in the control of iron homeostasis in the body. Physiologically, hepcidin is controlled by iron stores, inflammation, hypoxia, and erythropoiesis. The regulation of hepcidin expression by iron is a complex process that requires the coordination of multiple proteins, including hemojuvelin, bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6), hereditary hemochromatosis protein, transferrin receptor 2, matriptase-2, neogenin, BMP receptors, and transferrin. Misregulation of hepcidin is found in many disease states, such as the anemia of chronic disease, iron refractory iron deficiency anemia, cancer, hereditary hemochromatosis, and ineffective erythropoiesis, such as β-thalassemia. Thus, the regulation of hepcidin is the subject of interest for the amelioration of the detrimental effects of either iron deficiency or overload.
Abstract 1967: A-803467, a sodium channel blocker, reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR
Authors: Nagaraju Anreddy
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G, isoform 2 protein (ABCG2) is a vital member of the ABC transporter superfamily, which has been involved in multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer. Its diverse range of substrates includes many antineoplastic agents such as doxorubicin and mitoxantrone. ABCG2 expression has been significantly increased in some solid tumors and hematologic malignancies, which is correlated to poorer clinical outcomes. In addition, ABCG2 expression is a distinguishing feature of cancer stem cells, whereby this membranous transporter imparts resistance to the chemotherapeutic drugs. To enhance the chemosensitivity of cancer cells, attention has been focused on MDR modulators. In this study, we investigated the ability of sodium channel blocker, A-803467 to reverse ABCG2-mediated MDR. We found that A-803467 at non-toxic concentration could significantly increase the cellular sensitivity to ABCG2 substrates in drug-resistant cells overexpressing either wild-type or mutant ABCG2. Mechanistic studies indicated that A-803467 (7.5 μM) significantly increased the intracellular accumulation resulted from inhibition of the efflux of mitoxantrone by inhibiting the transport activity without altering expression level of ABCG2 protein. Furthermore, ATPase analysis indicates that A-803467 stimulates the ATPase activity in membranes overexpressing ABCG2. Our findings suggest that A-803467 has the potential to be used in combination with ABCG2 chemotherapeutic substrates to augment the response in drug resistant cancers. Citation Format: Nagaraju Anreddy. A-803467, a sodium channel blocker, reverses ABCG2-mediated MDR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1967. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1967
Ecological considerations support color physicalism
Authors: James J. Clark
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

Abstract We argue that any theory of color physicalism must include consideration of ecological interactions. Ecological and sensorimotor contingencies resulting from relative surface motion and observer motion give rise to measurable effects on the spectrum of light reflecting from surfaces. These contingencies define invariant manifolds in a sensory-spatial space, which is the physical underpinning of all subjective color experiences.
Evaluation of tuberculin reactivity in BCG-immunized siblings.
Authors: R L Sepulveda, I M Heiba, A King, B Gonzalez, R C Elston, R U Sorensen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

The purpose of the present study was to determine in BCG-immunized sibships < or = 14 yr of age whether the correlations of intensity of tuberculin reactivity support a genetic regulation of the response to BCG immunization. The study population consisted of 659 healthy children living in 265 households exposed to an adult with tuberculosis: 38 children did not have a BCG scar, 327 children had one BCG scar, and 294 had two BCG scars from vaccinations at birth and at 6 yr of age. There were 603 full siblings, 16 half-siblings, and 40 unrelated children. Tuberculin testing was performed by one trained nurse. Sibling correlations of the intensity of the tuberculin response were calculated after adjusting for various nongenetic covariates that could be important in predicting it. The sibling correlations were significant at the 1% significance level. There was no significant correlation of tuberculin reactivity among unrelated children in the same household. These results are consistent with genetic regulation of the development and persistence of tuberculin reactivity after BCG immunization.
Effects of Salbutamol and Isoprenaline Phenylephrine in Reversible Airways Obstruction
Authors: R. J. Alliott, B. D. Lang, D. R. W. Rawson, W. J. H. Leckie
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Ventolin (salbutamol) and Medihaler-Duo (isoprenaline/phenylephrine combination) standard pressurized inhalers were used to administer doses of two or six “puffs” to 16 patients with known reversible airways obstruction. The doses were administered in random order over two days. Both the Ventolin and Medihaler-Duo inhalers substantially increased FEV<sub>1</sub>, but in the doses used salbutamol was more effective than isoprenaline/phenylephrine (P &lt; 0·01). There was no significant difference between two and six puffs of salbutamol, though there seemed to be an advantage of six puffs of isoprenaline/phenylephrine over two puffs (P &lt; 0·05). Adrenaline (1/1,000) 0·5 ml and atropine 0·6 mg produced similar increases in FEV<sub>1</sub> to those produced by salbutamol. The Pao<sub>2</sub> fell more than 5 mm Hg in three patients after salbutamol and in three after isoprenaline/phenylephrine. There was no significant fall in mean Pao<sub>2</sub> in any of the treatment groups. It is concluded that the Ventolin inhalant, administered in the conventional dose of two puffs, is as effective a bronchodilator as subcutaneous adrenaline and atropine, is more effective than the Medihaler-Duo, and is without detectable side effects.
Oral contraception was not associated with venous thromboembolic disease in recent study
Authors: R D T Farmer, J-C Todd, K D MacRae, T J Williams, M A Lewis
Journal: BMJ (1998)

EDITOR—Three studies published in 1995-6 reported odds ratios for venous thromboembolic disease among women using third generation oral contraceptives compared with women using second generation products that were in the range 1.5 to 1.8.1-3 The design limitations and interpretation of the results of these studies have been widely questioned. A further study, based on computer records from 147 general practitioners in Britain, failed to show any significant difference in the risk of venous thromboembolic disease between generations of oral contraceptive.4

To …
Relation of Body Mass Index and Insulin Resistance to Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Inflammatory Factors, and Oxidative Stress During Adolescence
Authors: Alan R. Sinaiko, Julia Steinberger, Antoinette Moran, Ronald J. Prineas, Bengt Vessby, Samar Basu, Russell Tracy, David R. Jacobs
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— This study assessed the relation of fatness and insulin resistance and their interaction with cardiovascular risk factors, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress in thin and heavy adolescents. Methods and Results— Euglycemic insulin clamp studies were performed on 295 (169 male, 126 female) adolescents (mean±SE age, 15±0.1 years). Comparisons were made between (1) heavy and thin adolescents; (2) insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant adolescents; and (3) thin insulin-sensitive (T-IS), thin insulin-resistant (T-IR), heavy insulin-sensitive (H-IS), and heavy insulin-resistant (H-IR) adolescents. Summed z scores were used to determine clustering of risk factors (fasting insulin, triglycerides, HDL-C, and systolic blood pressure [SBP]) among the groups. SBP, triglycerides, and fasting insulin were significantly higher and HDL-C significantly lower in the heavy adolescents. Fasting insulin and triglycerides were significantly higher and HDL-C significantly lower in the insulin-resistant adolescents. Among the 4 groups, the risk factors and cluster score followed a pattern of risk as follows: T-IS&lt;T-IR&lt;H-IS&lt;H-IR, with H-IR significantly greater than the other groups and showing an interaction between fatness and insulin resistance. Conclusions— These results show the significant association of both fatness and insulin resistance and their significant interaction with cardiovascular risk factors in adolescence. The finding that insulin resistance may be acting interactively with fatness suggests that interventions directed at insulin resistance in addition to weight loss may be required to alter early development of cardiovascular risk.
The place of intralesional steroid therapy in dermatology
Authors: JULIAN VERBOV
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

Intralesional steroid therapy has a definite, if small, place in dermatology and triamcinolone acetonide is the preparation in most common use. Such therapy may be used, particularly in nail disorders, keloids and hypertrophic scars, cystic acne, and to speed regrowth of hair in localized alopecia areata. Other conditions in which it has a place include cutaneous lupus erythematosus and sarcoidosis. There are some conditions where use is occasionally indicated and yet others where further trial is merited.
A Mutant Type 2 Herpes Simplex Virus Deleted for the Protein Kinase Domain of the ICP10 Gene Is a Potent Oncolytic Virus
Authors: Xinping Fu, Lihua Tao, Rong Cai, Jonathan Prigge, Xiaoliu Zhang
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Replication-selective oncolytic herpes simplex virus (HSV) has shown considerable promise as an antitumor agent. Although the current oncolytic HSVs were exclusively constructed from HSV-1, HSV-2 has several unique features that could be exploited to convert the virus to an oncolytic agent. The N-terminus of the HSV-2 ICP10 gene product contains a well-defined serine/threonine protein kinase (PK) domain, which can activate the Ras/MEK/MAPK mitogenic pathway and thus facilitate efficient HSV-2 replication. Because the Ras signaling pathway is a key regulator of normal cell growth and malignant transformation, it is aberrantly activated in many human tumors. Here we report that a mutant HSV-2 (FusOn-H2), constructed by replacing the PK domain of ICP10 with the gene encoding the green fluorescent protein, can selectively replicate in and thus lyse tumor cells. Moreover, infection of FusOn-H2 led to syncytia formation in tumor cells, providing an additional tumor-destroying mechanism. A single moderate-dose injection of FusOn-H2 into established breast cancer xenografts completely eradicated the tumors in more than 80% of the animals, leading to their long-term survival. We conclude that this HSV-2 mutant is a safe and potent oncolytic agent useful for the treatment of malignant solid tumors such as breast cancer.
Preventing Adverse Events
Authors: Paul R. Casner
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1995)

Letters15 June 1995Preventing Adverse EventsPaul R. CasnerPaul R. CasnerSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-122-12-199506150-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:As a former program director, I read with interest the report by Petersen and colleagues [1] describing an association of adverse hospital events with cross-coverage by resident physicians. Although such studies may ultimately help to answer questions about work-hour reforms for housestaff, I believe it would be more helpful to design studies that focus attention on what should be the central issue in residency training in internal medicine: supervision. This point was recently emphasized in an editorial by Dr. Bertrand Bell [2], chair of the New York State Ad Hoc Advisory Committee, to which the authors referred ...References1. Peterson LA, Brennan TA, O'Neill AC, Cook EF, Lee TH. Does housestaff discontinuity of care increase the risk for preventable adverse events? Ann Intern Med. 1994; 121:866-72. Google Scholar2. Bell BM. Supervision, not regulation of hours, is the key to improving the quality of patient care (Editorial). JAMA. 1993; 269:403-4. Google Scholar3. Laine CL, Goldman C, Soukup JR, Hayes JG. The impact of a regulation restricting medical housestaff working hours on the quality of patient care. JAMA. 1993; 269:374-8. Google Scholar4. Graduate Medical Education Directory 1994-1995. Special Requirements for Residency Education in Internal Medicine. Chicago: American Medical Association; 1994:48-9. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 June 1995Volume 122, Issue 12Page: 962-964KeywordsAdolescentsAdverse eventsResidency Issue Published: 15 June 1995 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1995 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Activation of the p53 pathway down-regulates the osteoprotegerin expression and release by vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Paola Secchiero, Federica Corallini, Erika Rimondi, Cristina Chiaruttini, Maria Grazia di Iasio, Alessandra Rustighi, Giannino Del Sal, Giorgio Zauli
Journal: Blood (2007)
Should patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease plus aortic valve disease of borderline clinical significance have aortic valve replacement at the time of initial CABG?
Authors: James Hochrein, John C. Lucke, J.Kevin Harrison, Thomas M. Bashore, Walter G. Wolf, Robert H. Jones, James E. Lowe, William D. White, Donald D. Glower
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
The serine protease inhibitor SerpinA3N attenuates neuropathic pain by inhibiting T cell–derived leukocyte elastase
Authors: Lucas Vicuña, David E Strochlic, Alban Latremoliere, Kiran Kumar Bali, Manuela Simonetti, Dewi Husainie, Sandra Prokosch, Priscilla Riva, Robert S Griffin, Christian Njoo, Stefanie Gehrig, Marcus A Mall, Bernd Arnold, Marshall Devor, Clifford J Woolf, Stephen D Liberles, Michael Costigan, Rohini Kuner
Journal: Nature Medicine (2015)
Scuba-Diving Deaths in Michigan
Authors: Myron K. Denney
Journal: JAMA (1965)

During the past decade, scuba (self-contained underwater breathing apparatus)-diving has become increasingly popular. There has been a corresponding rise in the number of accidents. In 1962 eight out of ten serious diving casualties treated in the US naval recompression chambers were civilian rather than military.<sup>1</sup>Several authors have emphasized the importance of medical examination, adequate training, and adherence to safety rules in the prevention of injury from diving.<sup>2-4</sup>Neglect of these recommendations probably predisposes recreational diving to a higher accident rate. The purpose of this report is to document the deaths resulting from scuba-diving in the state of Michigan. Accident reports recorded by the Michigan state police were reviewed and, when necessary, further history was taken from eyewitnesses or the family of the deceased. Death certificates were obtained with the cooperation of the Vital Statistics Bureau, Michigan Department of Health. Autopsy reports were collected from the various coroners
Anorectal incontinence and rectal prolapse: differential assessment of the innervation to puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles.
Authors: S J Snooks, M M Henry, M Swash
Journal: Gut (1985)

The innervation of the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles was studied in 32 patients with idiopathic (neurogenic) faecal incontinence, 12 of whom also had complete rectal prolapse, using transcutaneous spinal stimulation, transrectal pudendal nerve stimulation, single fibre EMG, anorectal manometry, and measurement of perineal descent. Fourteen normal subjects served as controls. Significant increases in the spinal motor latencies from L1 to the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles were shown in all 32 incontinent patients (p less than 0.01). The single fibre (EMG) fibre density was increased in the puborectalis muscle in 60% and in the external anal sphincter in 75% of patients. An increased pudendal nerve terminal motor latency was found in 68% of patients; 69% had an abnormal degree of perineal descent and all had reduced anal canal contraction pressures. These data show that the different innervations of the puborectalis and external anal sphincter muscles are both damaged in patients with anorectal incontinence.
American Medical Association endorses consumer products
Authors: F. B Charatan
Journal: BMJ (1997)

For the first time in its 150 year history the American Medical Association (AMA) is endorsing consumer products, in a move that has attracted much criticism.

Sunbeam, based in Florida, is better known for its kitchen products such as blenders, cake mixers, and toasters, but it also manufactures blood pressure monitors, heating pads, thermometers, humidifiers, and vaporisers. Under the five year deal such products in Sunbeam's “health at home” product line will now bear the AMA's logo to alert consumers that they are designed for healthier living.

In addition, the AMA and Sunbeam …
Effects of terlipressin administration with and without albumin in hepatorenal syndrome (HRS). A phase II study
Authors: R. Ortega, P. Gines, J. Uriz, B. Calahorra, A. Cardenas, D. De Las Heras, M. Guevarra, W. Jimenez, V. Arroyo, J. Rodés
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
404 Cross-reactivity of cockroach (CR) allergens: Rast inhibition and immunoblot analysis of Asian cockroach (ACR) (Blattella asahinai) and German cockroach (GCR) (Blattella germanica) extracts
Authors: R.M. Helm, D.L. Squillace, Bann Kang, M. Lopez, R. Brenner
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1988)
Investigation and management of congestive heart failure
Authors: B. Arroll, R. Doughty, V. Andersen
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Abstract</h3> There are unique challenges in the preprocessing of spinal cord fMRI data, particularly voluntary or involuntary movement artifacts during image acquisition. Despite advances in data processing techniques for movement detection and correction, there are challenges in extrapolating motion correction algorithm developments in the brain cortex to the brainstem and spinal cord. We trained a Deep Learning-based convolutional neural network (CNN) via an unsupervised learning algorithm, called DeepRetroMoCo, to detect and correct motions in axial T2*-weighted spinal cord data. Spinal cord fMRI data from 27 participants were used for training of the network (135 runs for training and 81 runs for testing). We used average temporal signal-to-noise-ratio (tSNR) and Delta Variation Signal (DVARS) of raw and motion-corrected images to compare the outcome of DeepRetroMoco with sct_fmri_moco implemented in the spinal cord toolbox. The average tSNR in the cervical cord was significantly higher when DeepRetroMoco was used for motion correction compared to sct_fmri_moco method. Average DVARS was lower in images corrected by DeepRetroMoco than those corrected by sct_fmri_moco. The average processing time for DeepRetroMoco was also significantly shorter than sct_fmri_moco. Our results suggest that DeepRetroMoCo improves motion correction procedures in fMRI data acquired from the cervical spinal cord.
The Effect of Surgical Operations on the Bromsulfalein-Retention Test
Authors: Henry J. Tagnon, Guy F. Robbins, Mary P. Nichols
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

THERE are several reports in the literature dealing with the effect of surgical operations on liver function. The available material was recently reviewed.1 , 2 Most workers report changes in a high proportion of patients after surgery under general or spinal anesthesia. The hippuric acid test was used in several cases but has been criticized on theoretical grounds. The principal objection is that it depends on the integrity of kidney function, which may be impaired immediately after a surgical operation. Other authors have reported results obtained with the bromsulfalein-retention test using an injection of 2 mg. of the dye per kilogram of . . .