tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Principles and Practice of Dermatology. Designed for Students and Practitioners.
Authors: William Allen Pusey
Journal: JAMA (1907)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
851. Development of Brain Tumor Organ Cultures for Characterizing Polymer/Plasmid DNA Mediated Gene Transfer
Authors: Nathalie Y. Toussaint, Sean Kearns, Bjorn Scheffler, Ronald Mandel, Sean M. Sullivan
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Development of effective gene therapy requires an expeditious and reproducible test system. The syngenic RG2 rat brain tumor model satisfies the criteria for a clinically relevant animal model. Pluronic block copolymer L44 was formulated with a green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression plasmid, and sterotacticly injected into rat brain tumors. GFP positive cells were observed in the tumor. Yet, the numbers of transfected cells were insufficient for a therapeutic effect. Hence, the formulation requires other components to increase gene transfer efficiency. The turn around time for obtaining results from this animal model was not amendable to screening formulations for tumor gene transfer. Cell culture using rat glioma cell lines has proven to be advantageous in screening gene transfer vectors. Conversely, due to the two-dimensional single cell layer and volume of growth media necessary for tissue culture, it is not applicable for evaluating local administration of plasmid DNA. For this reason, an organ culture was developed to optimize screening. Rat brains tumors were sliced into 300-micron sections and cultured for 7days. Tumors were observed to grow over the 7-day period ultimately taking over the brain slice. Local injection of Poloxamer formulated GFP expression plasmid was shown to transfect tumor cells in the organ culture model. Presently, the brain organ cultures are being characterized for expression of normal and brain tumor cell markers. Comparison of staining patterns for biomarkers in the organ culture and in vivo brain tumors are being used to validate the organ culture. Concomitantly, formulation conditions are being tested to optimize gene transfer to the brain tumor.
FDA Regulation of Indoor Tanning Devices and Opportunities for Skin Cancer Prevention
Authors: Darren Mays, John Kraemer
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Computer-vision-enabled augmented reality fundus biomicroscopy
Authors: Jeffrey W Berger, David S Shin
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)

PurposeTo guide treatment for macular diseases and to facilitate real-time image measurement and comparison, investigations were initiated to permit overlay of previously stored photographic and angiographic images directly onto the real-time slit-lamp biomicroscopic fundus image.DesignExperimental study in model eyes, and preliminary observations in human subjects.MethodsA modified, binocular video slit lamp interfaced to a personal computer and framegrabber allows for image acquisition and rendering of stored images overlaid onto the real-time slit-lamp biomicroscopic fundus image. Development proceeds with rendering on a computer monitor, while construction is completed on a miniature display interfaced directly with one of the slit-lamp oculars. Registration and tracking are performed with in-house-developed software.Main outcome measuresTracking speed and accuracy, ergonomic acceptability.ResultsComputer-vision algorithms permit robust montaging, tracking, registration, and rendering of previously stored photographic and angiographic images onto the real-time slit-lamp fundus biomicroscopic image. In model eyes and in preliminary studies in a human eye, optimized registration permits near-video-rate image overlay with updates at 3 to 10 Hz and misregistration errors on the order of 1 to 5 pixels.ConclusionsA prototype for ophthalmic augmented reality (image overlay) is presented. The current hardware/software implementation allows for robust performance.
Effect of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection on Response to Chemotherapy and Survival in Hodgkin’s Disease
Authors: Paul G. Murray, Lucinda J. Billingham, Hassan T. Hassan, Joanne R. Flavell, Paul N. Nelson, Kenneth Scott, Gary Reynolds, Christothea M. Constandinou, David J. Kerr, Elaine C. Devey, John Crocker, Lawrence S. Young
Journal: Blood (1999)
Absence of Cd36 mutation in the original spontaneously hypertensive rats with insulin resistance
Authors: Takanari Gotoda, Yoko Iizuka, Norihiro Kato, Jun-ichi Osuga, Marie-Therese Bihoreau, Toru Murakami, Yukio Yamori, Hitoshi Shimano, Shun Ishibashi, Nobuhiro Yamada
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)
Abstract 13960: Improved Mitochondrial Respiration in Left Ventricular Myocardium of Dogs with Heart Failure Following Long-term Therapy with Bendavia (MTP-131) is Associated with Suppression of the Pro-inflammatory State and Down-regulation of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase
Authors: Hani N Sabbah, Ramesh C Gupta
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  An inflammatory state exists in heart failure (HF) evidenced by elevated cytokines including tumor necrosis factor- α (TNFα), interlukin-6 (IL-6) and c-reactive protein (CRP). Inflammation triggers increased expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS). NO generated by iNOS can inhibit activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX-IV, complex-IV) in mitochondria (MITO) and suppress respiration leading to reduced ATP synthesis and worsening LV function. We previously showed that Bendavia (BEN, MTP-131), a MITO-targeting peptide, improves LV function and MITO rate of ATP synthesis in dogs with HF.   Hypothesis:  Long-term therapy with BEN in dogs with HF suppresses the inflammatory state, normalizes levels of iNOS and improves MITO respiration.   Methods:  14 microembolization-induced HF dogs were randomized to 3 months therapy with subcutaneous injections of BEN (0.5 mg/kg once daily, n=7) or saline (HF-Control, n=7). LV tissue and plasma were obtained at end of study from all dogs and from 6 normal (NL) dogs for comparison. MITO state-3 respiration (ng atoms of Oxygen consumed/mg/min) was measured using a Strathkelvin respirometer and protein level of iNOS was measured by Western blotting and quantified in densitometric units (du). COX-IV activity was measured polarographically and expressed as nmols of oxygen/min/mg. Plasma levels of TNFα, IL-6 and CRP was measured by ELISA.   Results:  Compared to NL, HF-Controls showed reduced state-3 respiration and COX-IV activity and increased iNOS and plasma levels of TNFα, IL-6 and CRP (Table). Treatment with BEN normalized state-3 respiration, COX-IV activity and levels of iNOS and reduced plasma levels of TNFα, IL-6 and CRP.   Conclusions:  Long-term therapy with BEN suppresses inflammation, down-regulates iNOS and restores normal MITO COX-IV activity and respiration in dogs with HF. Normalization of this signaling pathway likely contributed to improved LV function seen in HF dogs treated with BEN.
New ophthalmologic imaging techniques for detection and monitoring of neurodegenerative changes in diabetes: a systematic review
Authors: Eline E B De Clerck, Jan S A G Schouten, Tos T J M Berendschot, Alfons G H Kessels, Rudy M M A Nuijts, Henny J M Beckers, Miranda T Schram, Coen D A Stehouwer, Carroll A B Webers
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2015)
Eczema: an Evidence Based Update. Report from the 9th Nottingham Evidence Based Update Meeting, 13 May 2010, Loughborough, U.K.
Authors: C. Flohr, A.M. Powell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Journal Article Eczema: an Evidence Based Update. Report from the 9th Nottingham Evidence Based Update Meeting, 13 May 2010, Loughborough, U.K. Get access C. Flohr, C. Flohr Department of Paediatric Allergy and Dermatology, St John’s Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Carsten Flohr. E‐mail: carsten.flohr@kcl.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A.M. Powell A.M. Powell Department of Paediatric Allergy and Dermatology, St John’s Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas’ Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 163, Issue 3, 1 September 2010, Pages 456–457, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09958.x Published: 01 September 2010
Volatile organic compounds and risk of asthma and allergy: A systematic review of observational and interventional studies
Authors: Ulugbek B. Nurmatov, Nara Tagiyeva, Sean Semple, Graham Devereux, Aziz Sheikh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Residential exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is increasing. There is conflicting evidence on the association between VOC exposure and the risk of developing or exacerbating asthma and allergy.   Aims:  To investigate the effect of residential VOC exposure on asthma/allergy in development or exacerbation.   Methods:  A systematic review of studies relating VOC exposure measurements in home settings to asthma/allergy outcomes was carried out. Observational studies were critically assessed using the Effective Public Health Practice Project quality assessment tool, and interventional studies were assessed using the Cochrane Effectiveness and Practice Organisation Care guidelines.   Results:  53 eligible studies were identified: 1 randomised controlled and 1 controlled-clinical trials; 6 controlled before-after; 6 cohort; 11 case-control and 28 cross-sectional studies. The role of VOCs in disease aetiology was investigated in 30 studies; established disease in 5 and 18 studies examined both aetiology and established disease. Aromatic VOCs and Formaldehyde were the most commonly investigated VOCs with fewer studies looking at alkanes, terpenes, esters and alcohols.   Conclusions:  There is equipoise of evidence relating residential VOC exposure to asthma/allergy development, or increased symptoms in those with established disease. The available epidemiological evidence is weak; exposure assessment is generally carried out over short time periods with few studies measuring personal exposures, and there is a lack of standardisation of assessment of health outcomes. Prospective, well-designed cohort or randomised controlled trials are required.
Seropositivity to chlamydial lipopolysaccharide and chlamydia pneumoniae, systemic inflammation and stable coronary artery disease
Authors: Albrecht Hoffmeister, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Peter Wanner, Guenter Bode, Kenneth Persson, Hermann Brenner, Vinzenz Hombach, Wolfgang Koenig
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2000)
951. Antitumor Activity of AAV-2 Vector Encoding Modified TRAIL Gene
Authors: Julie C. Bielawski, Daniel H. Fowler, Jeffrey A. Medin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men, with limited effective treatment options, especially for metastatic disease. We propose to address this problem by developing enhanced Fas-mediated apoptosis as a treatment modality for prostate cancer. It has been shown that Fas expression on some prostate tumor lines, including the murine RM-1 line, can be up-regulated by a variety of treatment regimens. In this study, primary T cells and functionally-defined subsets of these T cells will be engineered to over-express Fas and will be introduced into tumor-bearing mice in order to interact with normal or up-regulated Fas receptor on prostate tumors. To do this, three recombinant onco-retroviruses have been produced which engineer over-expression of FasL. The first carries only the FasL gene, while the second contains cDNA for a modified, non-cleavable form of FasL (ncFasL) with potentially reduced liver toxicity. The third, a bicistronic construct, includes the cDNA for c-FLIP, an inhibitor of the Fas-mediated apoptotic pathway, in addition to ncFasL. c-FLIP is included to prevent self-killing of transduced, FasL-expressing T cells. The constructs have been packaged in ecotropic E86 and amphotropic FLYRD18 cells and shown to direct production of FasL as well as produce infectious virions, as measured by staining with anti-FasL antibody and flow cytometric analysis. Assays have confirmed that the FasL and ncFasL produced by infected cells is able to mediate killing of Fas-expressing Jurkat cells, and is thus functional. Transduction of primary murine C57BL/6 pan-T cells has been optimized. Irradiation of several tumor cell lines, both murine and human, has shown this to be a plausible method to increase Fas expression. The ability of interferons and chemotherapeutic drugs, including mitoxantrone, to increase tumor Fas expression will also be examined. Experiments are underway in tumor-bearing mice to assess the efficiency of killing by these modified T cells, and to compare the effectiveness of the three viral constructs. We expect to see effective activation of death pathways, leading to tumor destruction. Finally, the relative abilities of the type 1 versus type 2 T lymphocytes as delivery vehicles for this treatment will be compared. This approach may provide a non-invasive treatment for prostate cancer and may also be extended to other malignancies such as breast cancer.
Mechanisms of retinoid resistance in leukemic cells: possible role of cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein
Authors: M Kizaki, H Ueno, Y Yamazoe, M Shimada, N Takayama, A Muto, H Matsushita, H Nakajima, M Morikawa, HP Koeffler, Y Ikeda
Journal: Blood (1996)
Verification of high-risk patterns of allelic loss in prediction of cancer progression of primary oral premalignant lesions (OPLs) in a longitudinal study
Authors: Lewei Zhang, Catherine Poh, Michelle Williams, Denise Laronde, Scott Durham, Greg Hislop, Nhu Le, Pamela Gardner, Alan Hovan, Ken Berean, John Hay, Rubin Sun, Miriam P. Rosin
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4471   In a previous retrospective study, we have shown that multiple allelic losses and specific patterns of allelic loss (loss of heterozygosity, LOH) were associated with markedly increased cancer risk for primary low-grade (mild/moderate) dysplasia. Lesions with LOH at 3p &/or 9p plus additional loss at 4q, 8p, 11q, 13q, or 17p had a ∼30-fold increase in risk of progression compared to morphologically similar low-grade lesions without such losses (Clin Cancer Res, 6:357, 2000; Editorial on the article: Clin Cancer Res, 6:321, 2000). The objective of this study was to verify the findings in a prospective longitudinal study. Method: This abstract describes interim LOH and outcome results from an ongoing prospective study of 200 consented patients with a history of biopsy-confirmed oral dysplasia being followed in Oral Dysplasia Clinics at the British Columbia Cancer Agency. The selection criteria for this study include (1) an oral biopsy (called target biopsy) had a histological diagnosis of low-grade dysplasia or no dysplasia; (2) the target biopsy had sufficient DNA for microsatellite analysis of LOH at loci on 7 chromosome arms (3p, 4q, 8p, 9p, 11q, 13q and 17p); and (3) the patient had at least 2 years follow up after the target biopsy. 102 patients fitted the criteria for this study. Results: Of the 104 OPLs with no or low-grade dysplasia, 28 progressed into either high-grade preinvasive lesions (severe dysplasia/carcinoma in situ, 12 lesions) or invasive cancer (16), and are called progressing lesions. Compared with the non-progressing lesions, the progressing lesions showed consistently higher rates of LOH at each of the 7 chromosome arms, and such increases were significant at 3p (54% vs. 28%, P = 0.0283), 9p (100% vs. 38%, P   1 arm lost (84% vs. 32%, P   2 arm lost (54% vs. 11%, P
Risk Factors for Retinal Detachment after Cataract Surgery
Authors: James M. Tielsch, Mania W. Legro, Sandra D. Cassard, Oliver D. Schein, Jonathan C. Javitt, Andrea E. Singer, Eric B. Bass, Earl P. Steinberg
Journal: Ophthalmology (1996)

Purpose: Previous analyses of Medicare claims data, as well as clinical series, have suggested that performance of neodymium:YAG (Nd:YAG) laser posterior capsulotomy after extracapsular cataract surgery increases significantly the risk of retinal detachment.However, methodologic problems with previous research limit the strength of conclusions that can be drawn from these earlier studies.This study was designed to resolve those methodological limitations while using a population-based approach for assessment of the independent association between the performance of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy and pseudophakic retinal detachment.Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted.Medicare beneficiaries who had undergone extracapsular cataract extraction from 1988 to 1990 were identified from a 5% sample of Medicare claims data.Within this cohort, people who were diagnosed or treated for retinal detachment during the years 1988 through 1991 (cases) were identified from Medicare records.Four controls were matched to each case of retinal detachment using an incidence density design.Providers of the patients' cataract and retinal surgery were contacted and asked to provide clinical data for all cases and controls that they had treated.Results: Seven hundred six cases of retinal detachment were originally identified from Medicare records.After exclusions due to ineligibility, a total of 291 cases and 870 matched controls were available for analysis.Conditional logistic regression models showed that a number of factors were associated independently with an excess risk of retinal detachment after cataract surgery.These included Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy (odds ratio [OR] = 3.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.4-5.9), a history of retinal detachment (OR = 2.7; 95% CI, 1.2-6.1), a history of lattice degeneration (OR = 6.6; 95% CI, 1.6-27.1),axial length (OR = 1.21/mm; 95% CI, 1.03-1.43),refractive error (OR = 0.92/diopter; 95% CI, 0.88-0.95), and a history of ocular trauma after cataract surgery (OR = 6.1; 95% CI, 4.3-28.2).Conclusion: Performance of Nd:YAG laser posterior capsulotomy is associated with a significantly elevated risk of retinal detachment in patients who have undergone extracapsular cataract extraction.Other independent risk factors for retinal detachment include axial length, myopia, posterior capsular rupture during surgery, history of retinal detachment or lattice degeneration, and ocular trauma after cataract surgery.
Abstract 2700: Reduced Ejection Fraction is Associated with Poor Outcomes in Adults with Left Ventricular Noncompaction Syndrome
Authors: Christopher M Stanton, Peter A Brady, David O Hodge, Samuel J Asirvatham, Charles J Bruce, Paul A Friedman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction Left ventricular non-compaction (LVNC) is a rare cardiomyopathy thought to result from intrauterine arrest of myocardial compaction which has been associated with and increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). However, appropriate identification of at-risk individuals and risk-stratification is lacking, particularly in patients diagnosed during adulthood. We sought to identify high-risk patients wtih LVNC in order to guide therapy. Hypothesis That patients with decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) would have worse outcomes than those with preserved left ventricular function. Methods We reviewed outcomes in all patients diagnosed with LVNC at Mayo Clinic between 2001 through 2006. Data were prospectively entered into a centralized database and retrospectively analyzed. Mortality was compared to age and sex matched population rates. Results A total of 80 patients were diagnosed with LVNC during this interval. After exclusion of pediatric patients (n = 21), 59 adult patients (62% male; age 46 ± 19 years, range 18–83) were analyzed. There were 4 deaths in this group (none due to stroke, mortality 18% at 2 years) during follow-up (mean 13.0 ± 13.5 months, range 0–52). Overall survival of patients with LVNC was worse than age and sex matched controls (Minnesota population p &lt; 0.001). This was also noted in patients with LVEF &gt; 35% (n = 35, p = 0.02). Overall LVEF was 41 ± 16% but was lower in patients who died compared to survivors (26 ± 10% vs. 42 ± 15%; Hazard ratio = 2.0 for a decrease in ejection fraction of 10%, p = 0.12). There were no deaths in patients with LVEF &gt; 50% (n = 17). Conclusion Survival of adults with LVNC is worse than expected for age and sex. A decrease in ejection fraction is associated with increased risk of death in this population. These data suggest that patients diagnosed with LVNC and reduced LVEF may benefit from ICD implantation, whereas patients with a normal LVEF may be observed.
Will bovine spongiform encephalopathy transmit to humans?
Authors: J. W Almond
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy: any connection?Two cases of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease have recently been reported in teenagers in Britain,'2 adding to only four cases previously reported in this age group.Four British dairy farmers have died from Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the past three years3'5-an occupational association that is unlikely to have arisen by chance.In the light of thesefindings, we asked a range ofprofessionals how likely they thought it was that the agent responsible for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease could be transmitted to humansfrom cattle affected with bovine spongiform encephalopathy.