tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Critical Appraisal of the Continuous Glucose–Error Grid Analysis
Authors: William L. Clarke, Linda Gonder-Frederick, Daniel Cox, Boris Kovatchev
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

In a recent publication, Wentholt et al. (1) stated that their aim was to critically explore the continuous glucose–error grid analysis (CG-EGA) (2) and to compare it with traditional techniques using data previously reported from two sensors. As developers of the CG-EGA, we hoped that our method might stimulate a discussion on the important problem of the accuracy of continuous monitoring sensors (CGS); therefore, we read this critique with interest.

The methods used by Wentholt et al. (1) unfortunately failed to take into account the basic structure of CGS data, which represent time series (i.e., sequential readings that are ordered in time) (3). This structure leads to two fundamental requirements in their analysis. First, consecutive sensor readings taken from the same subject within a relatively short time are highly interdependent. Therefore, standard statistical analyses such as t tests, while appropriate …
Comprehensive Medical Insurance: A Study of Costs, Use, and Attitudes under Two Plans
Authors: Howard O. Brower
Journal: JAMA (1960)

The term "dual choice" as applied to health insurance is relatively new. It means that the persons in an employee group may choose one of two alternative insurance plans. Sometimes the dual choice can be exercised only once—usually initially; however, in other instances employees are permitted, at intervals, to transfer from one plan to the other. Prior to the advent of dual choice systems under contributory group plans most employees had only the alternatives of participation or nonparticipation in a single plan either offered by an employer or negotiated by a union. This publication is listed by Health Information Foundation as Research Series No. 9 and described as, "a study of costs, use, and attitudes under two health insurance plans." The two original objectives of the study were "(1) to analyze to what extent the provision of virtually complete hospital and physicians' services through prepayment helps families to pay for
Cost effectiveness of an intensive blood glucose control policy in patients with type 2 diabetes: economic analysis alongside randomised controlled trial (UKPDS 41)
Authors: A. Gray
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To estimate the cost effectiveness of conventional versus intensive blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. <b>Design:</b> Incremental cost effectiveness analysis alongside randomised controlled trial. <b>Setting:</b> 23 UK hospital clinic based study centres. <b>Participants:</b> 3867 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (mean age 53 years). <b>Interventions:</b> Conventional (primarily diet) glucose control policy versus intensive control policy with a sulphonylurea or insulin. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Incremental cost per event-free year gained within the trial period. <b>Results:</b> Intensive glucose control increased trial treatment costs by £695 (95% confidence interval £555 to £836) per patient but reduced the cost of complications by £957 (£233 to £1681) compared with conventional management. If standard practice visit patterns were assumed rather than trial conditions, the incremental cost of intensive management was £478 (-£275 to £1232) per patient. The within trial event-free time gained in the intensive group was 0.60 (0.12 to 1.10) years and the lifetime gain 1.14 (0.69 to 1.61) years. The incremental cost per event-free year gained was £1166 (costs and effects discounted at 6% a year) and £563 (costs discounted at 6% a year and effects not discounted). <b>Conclusions:</b> Intensive blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes significantly increased treatment costs but substantially reduced the cost of complications and increased the time free of complications.
Preliminary treatment results of pegylated interferon alpha 2B and ribavirin in liver transplant recipients with recurrent hepatitis C virus nonresponsive to interferon alpha2B and ribavirin
Authors: G.W. Neff, M. Montalbano, N. Ozden, H. Muslu, Y.M. Lee, K. Safdar, R. Morrero, J. Nery, D. Weppler, J. Madariaga, D. Levi, S. Nashida, T. Kato, E. Schiff, A. Tzakis
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Reducing the Risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Authors: Joycelyn M. Elders
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CCL3L1 and HIV/AIDS susceptibility
Authors: Thomas J Urban, Amy C Weintrob, Jacques Fellay, Sara Colombo, Kevin V Shianna, Curtis Gumbs, Margalida Rotger, Kimberly Pelak, Kristen K Dang, Roger Detels, Jeremy J Martinson, Stephen J O'Brien, Norman L Letvin, Andrew J McMichael, Barton F Haynes, Mary Carrington, Amalio Telenti, Nelson L Michael, David B Goldstein
Journal: Nature Medicine (2009)
845 High mortality and delayed onset of proliferation after partial hepatectomy in transgenic mice expressing dominant negative MORT1/FADD in hepatocytes
Authors: M SCHUCHMANN, F RUCKERT, A KARG, J BURG, W SCHREIBER, D WALLACH, A LOHSE, P GALLE
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

Members of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family exert pleiotropic effects and can trigger both apoptosis and proliferation [1]. In their cytoplasmic region, some of these receptors share a conserved sequence motif – the ‘death domain’ – which is required for transduction of the apoptotic signal by recruiting other death-domain-containing adaptor molecules like the Fas-associated protein FADD/MORT1 or the TNF receptor-associated protein TRADD [2], [3], [4]. FADD links the receptor signal to the activation of the caspase family of cysteine proteases [5], [6]. Functional inactivation of individual receptor family members often fails to exhibit a distinctive phenotype, probably because of redundancy [7], [8], [9]. To circumvent this problem, we used a dominant-negative mutant of FADD (FADD-DN) which should block all TNF receptor family members that use FADD as an adaptor. We established transgenic mice expressing FADD-DN under the influence of the lck promoter and investigated the consequences of its expression in T cells. As expected, FADD-DN thymocytes were protected from death induced by CD95 (Fas/Apo1), whereas apoptosis induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, anti-CD3 antibody treatment or dexamethasone was unaffected, as was spontaneous cell death. Surprisingly, however, we also observed profound inhibition of thymocyte proliferation in vivo and of activation-induced proliferation of thymocytes and mature T cells in vitro. This inhibition of proliferation was not due to increased cell death and appeared to be p53 dependent.
EQUIVOCAL STRESS THALLIUM SCINTIGRAMS DO NOT HAVE AN EQUIVOCAL PROGNOSIS
Authors: Howard M. Staniloff, Daniel S. Berman, James S. Forrester, George A. Diamond, Jamshid Maddahi, Alan Rozanski, Brad H. Pollock
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

Although the interpretation of “equivocal” exercise thallium-201 scintigrams for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease is recognized as intermediate between normal and abnormal, the prognostic implication of this pattern has not been defined. Therefore, we followed for 1 year all 1484 pts referred to our laboratory for exercise thallium scintigrams between 1/1/79 and 1/1/81. The 233 pts with prior coronary bypass grafting (CABG), 110 with early CABG after testing, and 79 lost to followup were excluded. In the 819 diagnostic pts without previous myocardial infarction (MI) or CABG and the 243 MI pts with previous MI but not CABG, there were 58 events (11 deaths from a cardiac cause, 19 nonfatal MI's, and 28 worsening of chest pain requiring late CABG). The 1 year event rate (for 100 pts/year) and percentage of each thallium pattern were: Tl Pattern Diagnostic Post MI RATE PER CENT RATE PER CENT NORMAL 1.1 46.2 8.6 14.4 EQUIVOCAL 0.5 23.0 4.9 16.9 FIXED 7.8 7.8 10.7 34.6 REVERSIBLE 11.6 23.1 14.5 34.2 Pts with equivocal scintigrams had similar symptom classifications, exercise ECG and exercise duration as the entire population. CONCLUSION Equivocal exercise thallium scintigrams occur frequently in clinical practice. Since the event rate for pts with equivocal scintigrams is comparable to that of pts with normal scintigrams, equivocal lesions should be considered as normal for prognostic purposes.
THE PATHOLOGY OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE.
Authors: ALFRED HAND
Journal: JAMA (1900)

Under this term may be discussed all those conditions of the heart which deviate from the normal and which date their origin between the appearance of the earliest rudiments of the heart in the embryo and the expulsion of the fetus from the uterus. Many classifications have been suggested, but none are thoroughly satisfactory, some being too broadly comprehensive, some only a detailed enumeration of the lesions found. Thus, one classification may be based on etiology, the anomalies being due to: 1, faults of development; 2, fetal endocarditis; 3, a combination of both, either one preceding the other and predisposing to it. Other classifications may be based on the morbid anatomy, on the symptomatology or on the prognosis. For the purposes and limits of this paper, the one already given will perhaps answer best, with a brief working-out along certain lines. <h3>Faults of Development.</h3> —A combined anatomic and chronologic division
Interleukin-1β Selectively Expands and Sustains Interleukin-22+ Immature Human Natural Killer Cells in Secondary Lymphoid Tissue
Authors: Tiffany Hughes, Brian Becknell, Aharon G. Freud, Susan McClory, Edward Briercheck, Jianhua Yu, Charlene Mao, Chiara Giovenzana, Gerard Nuovo, Lai Wei, Xiaoli Zhang, Mikhail A. Gavrilin, Mark D. Wewers, Michael A. Caligiuri
Journal: Immunity (2010)
Nephrotic syndrome and renal impairment associated with fenclofenac.
Authors: L Sellars, R Wilkinson, A R Morley, R H Salter
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1984)

We report a case of nephrotic syndrome and renal impairment following treatment with fenclofenac. Biopsy showed an interstitial nephritis with minor glomerular changes. Resolution occurred on withdrawal of the drug and treatment with prednisolone.
Anatomic effects of cryoablation of the atrioventricular conduction system.
Authors: S Ohkawa, D B Hackel, E M Mikat, J J Gallagher, J L Cox, W C Sealy
Journal: Circulation (1982)

Because of the value of cryoablation of the atrioventricular (AV) conduction system in treatment of refractory cardiac rhythm disorders, the anatomic effects of cryoablation on the cardiac conduction system must be defined. In this report we summarize studies done on four patients who had intractable recurrent supraventricular tachyarrhythmias or or refractory atrial flutter-fibrillation. They were treated by cryoablation of the AV conduction system and died 8-360 days postoperatively. Serial sections of the AV conduction system were studied. Cryoablation produced lesions that completely destroyed most of the AV node in three cases, the penetrating portion of the His bundle in all four cases, and the branching portion of the His bundle in two cases. The right bundle branch was not involved markedly in any case. The lesions were discrete and sharply delimited; the patient who died 8 days postoperatively had hemorrhage, necrosis and slight inflammatory infiltrate; patients who survived for 49-360 days showed collagen deposition. The AV nodal artery and its branches showed slight to marked intimal thickening in three cases. Small, partly organized thrombi were present just behind the tricuspid valve in two patients. We conclude that cryoablation of the AV conduction system produced discrete cardiac lesions that did not markedly damage the tricuspid valve or aorta.
The work of sector doctors in Leningrad.
Authors: M Ryan
Journal: BMJ (1980)

<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> secretes numerous virulence factors that facilitate evasion of the host immune system. Among these molecules are pore-forming cytolytic toxins, including Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL), leukotoxin GH (LukGH; also known as LukAB), leukotoxin DE, and γ-hemolysin. PVL and LukGH have potent cytolytic activity in vitro, and both toxins are proinflammatory in vivo. Although progress has been made toward elucidating the role of these toxins in <i>S. aureus</i> virulence, our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the proinflammatory capacity of these toxins, as well as the associated host response toward them, is incomplete. To address this deficiency in knowledge, we assessed the ability of LukGH to prime human PMNs for enhanced bactericidal activity and further investigated the impact of the toxin on neutrophil function. We found that, unlike PVL, LukGH did not prime human neutrophils for increased production of reactive oxygen species nor did it enhance binding and/or uptake of <i>S. aureus</i>. Unexpectedly, LukGH promoted the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which, in turn, ensnared but did not kill <i>S. aureus</i>. Furthermore, we found that electropermeabilization of human neutrophils, used as a separate means to create pores in the neutrophil plasma membrane, similarly induced formation of NETs, a finding consistent with the notion that NETs can form during nonspecific cytolysis. We propose that the ability of LukGH to promote formation of NETs contributes to the inflammatory response and host defense against <i>S. aureus</i> infection.
Advances in Biomedical Imaging
Authors: Clare M. C. Tempany
Journal: JAMA (2001)

In the 21st century, diseases will be diagnosed and treated using increasingly less invasive, more sophisticated imaging and image-guided procedures. During the past 100 years, the field of biomedical imaging has developed from Roentgen's original discovery of the x-ray to the imaging tools of today, such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, positron emission tomography, and ultrasonography. The benefits of using these sophisticated noninvasive imaging tools are already evident: more accurate and timely diagnosis of disease has translated into improved patient care. Recent advances in imaging research have shown the potential to change many aspects of clinical medicine within the next decade. Major new areas of research focus on development of the molecular, functional, cellular, and genetic imaging tools of the future, aided by new information technology and image fusion/integration capabilities. Image-guided therapy is growing rapidly, with advances in computer science, technology, and noninvasive treatment methods, such as focused ultrasonography. Undoubtedly, these and other new imaging techniques will enhance the ability to accurately diagnose and recognize disease and allow understanding of the molecular mechanisms of diseases and their respective responses to therapy. Given this explosion in new technologies, the next 25 years promise to result in dramatic changes in diagnostic imaging, particularly with respect to detection and recognition of disease.
The effect of posture on airway caliber with the sleep-apnea/hypopnea syndrome.
Authors: S E Martin, I Marshall, N J Douglas
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1995)

Snoring and sleep apnea are more common in the supine than seated position. We therefore studied the effect of posture on upper-airway caliber in normal subjects, snorers, and subjects with the sleep-apnea/hypopnea syndrome (SAHS). We measured upper-airway cross-sectional area by acoustic reflection in 110 SAHS patients (apnea/hypopnea index [AHI] > 15), 70 snorers without SAHS (AHI < 15), and 40 male controls matched for body-mass index (BMI) to the 40 SAHS patients. SAHS patients in the seated position had smaller upper-airway areas at the orophyngeal junction (OPJ) than either the snorers (p < 0.01) or the normal subjects (p < 0.02), but there were no differences between groups in airway cross-sectional areas in the supine or lateral recumbent positions. SAHS patients had significantly smaller decreases in OPJ area from the seated to either the supine (p < 0.001) or lateral recumbent (p < 0.001) positions than did the snorers. SAHS patients also had smaller (p < 0.05) decreases in OPJ area upon lying down than did the BMI-matched normal subjects. These data are compatible with SAHS patients defending their upper airway more upon lying down than do snorers or normal subjects.
Applications of Nuclear Medicine in Pediatric Oncology
Authors: LEONARD P. CONNOLLY, LAURA A. DRUBACH, TED S. TREVES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2002)

Nuclear medicine is important in the diagnosis, staging, and long-term surveillance of a number of pediatric cancers. Skeletal scintigraphy is used to evaluate primary skeletal cancers, such as osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, and nonskeletal cancers such as neuroblastoma, lymphoma, medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and retinoblastoma. Metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy is valuable in examinations of children with neuroblastoma. The therapeutic response of primary bone and brain tumors can be assessed using TI-201 and Tc-99m MIBI scintigraphy. Imaging strategies for staging and monitoring the therapeutic response of Hodgkin's lymphoma include Ga-67 citrate scintigraphy. Pediatric oncologic applications of positron emission tomography are being investigated extensively.
Myocardial oedema: a preventable cause of reperfusion injury?
Authors: D. Garcia-Dorado, J. Oliveras
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Journal Article Myocardial oedema: a preventable cause of reperfusion injury? Get access David Garcia-Dorado, David Garcia-Dorado Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Pg Val d'Hebron s/n, 08035 Barcelona, Spain: D Garcia-Dorado, J Oliveras. Correspondence to Dr Garcia-Dorado. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Juan Oliveras Juan Oliveras Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital General Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Pg Val d'Hebron s/n, 08035 Barcelona, Spain: D Garcia-Dorado, J Oliveras. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 27, Issue 9, September 1993, Pages 1555–1563, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/27.9.1555 Published: 01 September 1993 Article history Received: 11 January 1993 Accepted: 06 April 1993 Published: 01 September 1993
Malignant melanoma after psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy
Authors: None Wolf, None SchOllnast, None Hofer, None Smolle, None Kerl
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Malignant melanoma after psoralen and ultraviolet A (PUVA) therapy Get access Wolf, Wolf Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, A‐8036 Graz, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar SchÖllnast, SchÖllnast Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, A‐8036 Graz, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Hofer, Hofer Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, A‐8036 Graz, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Smolle, Smolle Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, A‐8036 Graz, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Kerl Kerl Department of Dermatology, University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 8, A‐8036 Graz, Austria Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 138, Issue 6, 1 June 1998, Pages 1100–1101, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02295.x Published: 01 June 1998
Loffler's syndrome.
Authors: R H Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1973)

fewer suffer from the former.The degree of coronary atheroma discovered in persons killed accidentally has been studied in many parts of the world, and the condition has been found to be equally widely distributed in the United States and United Kingdom.Yet, in contrast, the mortality from ischaemic heart disease is markedly different in com- parable populations, the U.S.A.F.: R.A.F.ratio approximating to 10: 1.2 The opinion expressed by Kannel3 that it is the presence of an effective collateral circulation which determines the clinical picture offers a reasonable explanation of the anomaly.Carboxyhaemoglobin is easily determined and is therefore a convenient marker of the products of com-bustion.It is possible that, because of this, carbon monoxide is being artificially promoted as a cause of disease.Workers in Los Angeles4 have attempted to relate atmospheric CO levels to an increased fatality rate from myocardial infarction; in fact, any relationship must be attributed to atmospheric pollution as a whole.In the same way, postmortem studies designed to show atherogenic properties of cigarette smoke5 fail to take into account the life style of heavy smokers.The case for an association between smoking and ischaemic heart disease seems proved beyond doubt.But rather than to attribute an atherogenic property to cigarettes in general and carbon monoxide in particular (Dr.Wald and his colleagues do not claimn this to be necessarily so), it might be more valid, and in keeping with the "collateral" theory, to suggest that the carboxyhaemoglobin results reported by them were more significantly reflecting the levels of nicotine, which is known to have a marked pharmacological effect on the cardiovascular system.-I am, etc.,
The Ultimate Consumer in Nuclear Medicine
Authors: Marshall Brucer
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Herrman Blumgart (born Newark, NJ, 1895; SB 1917; MD 1921; honorary SD 1962; Harvard University) interned at Peter Bent Brigham Hospital, Boston. After a fellowship in London, he entered academic medicine on the Harvard Service at the Boston City Hospital and joined the staff of Beth Israel Hospital. In 1946 he became professor of medicine at Harvard, physician-in-chief and director of medical research at Beth Israel. In 1962 he retired to emeritus status, but continues to serve as special consultant. Dr. Blumgart, with many students and colleagues, has published 162 scientific articles, primarily in cardiology. In 1946 he introduced radioiodine for the treatment of intractable cardiac disease as an improvement over his trials, during the 30's, of surgically induced hypometabolism. In 1931 he summarized six years of work on the velocity of blood flow that involved Geiger chambers four years before the G-M tube, a natural radioactive tracer ten years before artificially produced radioactivity, production of a radiopharmaceutical 28 years before a radiopharmaceutical industry; and he was practicing nuclear medicine 30 years before its Society was founded. In 1969, for its tenth annual selection, the Society of Nuclear Medicine named the first physician, Dr. Blumgart, to its Honor Roll of Nuclear Pioneers.