tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Interleukin 1 suppresses expression of cartilage-specific types II and IX collagens and increases types I and III collagens in human chondrocytes.
Authors: M B Goldring, J Birkhead, L J Sandell, T Kimura, S M Krane
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

In inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, functions of chondrocytes including synthesis of matrix proteins and proteinases are altered through interactions with cells of the infiltrating pannus. One of the major secreted products of mononuclear inflammatory cells is IL-1. In this study we found that recombinant human IL-1 beta suppressed synthesis of cartilage-specific type II collagen by cultured human costal chondrocytes associated with decreased steady state levels of alpha 1 (II) and alpha 1(IX) procollagen mRNAs. In contrast, IL-1 increased synthesis of types I and III collagens and levels of alpha 1(I), alpha 2(I), and alpha 1(III) procollagen mRNAs, as we described previously using human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts. This stimulatory effect of IL-1 was observed only when IL-1-stimulated PGE2 synthesis was blocked by the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. The suppression of type II collagen mRNA levels by IL-1 alone was not due to IL-1-stimulated PGE2, since addition of indomethacin did not reverse, but actually potentiated, this inhibition. Continuous exposure of freshly isolated chondrocytes from day 2 of culture to approximately half-maximal concentrations of IL-1 (2.5 pM) completely suppressed levels of type II collagen mRNA and increased levels of types I and III collagen mRNAs, thereby reversing the ratio of alpha 1(II)/alpha 1(I) procollagen mRNAs from greater than 6.0 to less than 1.0 by day 7. IL-1, therefore, can modify, at a pretranslational level, the relative amounts of the different types of collagen synthesized in cartilage and thereby could be responsible for the inappropriate repair of cartilage matrix in inflammatory conditions.
Streptomycin in Pregnancy: Effect on the Foetal Ear
Authors: N. Conway
Journal: BMJ (1965)

ResultsReiter's syndrome was diagnosed in 28 cases, 23 of which gave positive reactions and 15 had specific positive tests for antibody to prostatic antigen (see Table I).Four out of 20 possible cases of Reiter's syndrome were also specifically posi- tive, and so also were 18 out of 46 cases of ankylosing spondylitis.This was evidently not an exclusive test for Reiter's syndrome and ankylosing spondylitis, since it was found on 10 August
Stem cell gene expression programs influence clinical outcome in human leukemia
Authors: Kolja Eppert, Katsuto Takenaka, Eric R Lechman, Levi Waldron, Björn Nilsson, Peter van Galen, Klaus H Metzeler, Armando Poeppl, Vicki Ling, Joseph Beyene, Angelo J Canty, Jayne S Danska, Stefan K Bohlander, Christian Buske, Mark D Minden, Todd R Golub, Igor Jurisica, Benjamin L Ebert, John E Dick
Journal: Nature Medicine (2011)
Immediate, underlying, and macro-underlying causes
Authors: Anna Goodman
Journal: BMJ (2006)

the sentinel node or at the time of SNB have melanoma cells distal to the sentinel node and still in transit.Thus, although a negative SNB is an encouraging prognostic feature, patients will still need to be counselled that they may have a recurrence of their melanoma.In keeping with results from other groups, our data do not suggest that patients who have had SNB have a higher than expected incidence of in transit recurrence. 4 ConclusionsAlthough knowledge of sentinel node status is an additional significant prognostic indicator, this knowledge does not change routine management of patients, as no widely accepted effective adjuvant treatment is available to SNB positive patients after node dissection.The recently reported results of EORTC 19852 adjuvant interferon therapy for stage 2b and 3 melanoma showed no overall survival benefit, 5 and the early report of the benefit of interferon in the US study ECOG 1684 was not confirmed by the same group in ECOG 1690. 6 7 Until the full results of MSLT1 are published, sentinel node biopsy should not be a routine procedure for melanoma patients but should be used as a staging procedure in centres entering patients into adjuvant trials for patients with stage 3 melanoma.Knowledge of sentinel node status is necessary to stratify melanoma patients being entered into these trials and should be part of the protocol.
AN IMMUNOTOXIN OF RICIN A CHAIN CONJUGATED TO THYROGLOBULIN SELECTIVELY SUPPRESSES THE ANTI-THYROGLOBULIN AUTOANTIBODY RESPONSE
Authors: DavidP. Rennie, Julia Wright, AlanM. Mcgregor, AnthonyP. Weetman, Reginald Hall, Philip Thorpe
Journal: The Lancet (1983)
Prostheses for Ileostomies
Authors: Egon Orowan
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

THE prosthetics of ileostomy is of particular importance not only because a satisfactory prosthesis is indispensable for an active and social life but also because the number of ileostomies is increasing rapidly. The latest development in the prosthetics of ileostomy has opened up the possibility of a purely prosthetic management of colostomy without the burden and risks of irrigation.The first successful ileostomy appliance was invented by A. A. and A. F. Strauss1 more than twenty years ago; the vast majority of the appliances used at present is of the Strauss type, shown in Figure 1. The appliance consists of a . . .
Differentiation of Intraplaque Versus Juxtaluminal Hemorrhage/Thrombus in Advanced Human Carotid Atherosclerotic Lesions by In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: A. Kampschulte, M.S. Ferguson, W.S. Kerwin, Nayak L. Polissar, B. Chu, T. Saam, T.S. Hatsukami, C. Yuan
Journal: Circulation (2004)

Background— Intraplaque hemorrhage and juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus may differ in cause and clinical implications. This study tested the hypothesis that MRI can distinguish between intraplaque hemorrhage and juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus and investigated the association between hemorrhage and underlying lesion types. Methods and Results— Twenty-six patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy were imaged with a 1.5-T GE scanner by a multicontrast-weighted MRI technique. Hemorrhages were identified with previously established MRI criteria, and differentiations were made between intraplaque and juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus. Corresponding histology was used to confirm the magnetic resonance findings. Tissues underlying areas of hemorrhage/thrombus were histologically categorized according to modified American Heart Association criteria. Of 190 matched sections, 140 contained areas of hemorrhage by histology, of which MRI correctly detected 134. The sensitivity and specificity for MRI to correctly identify cross sections that contained hemorrhage were 96% and 82%, respectively. Furthermore, MRI was able to distinguish juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus from intraplaque hemorrhage with an accuracy of 96%. The distribution of lesion types underlying hemorrhages differed significantly ( P =0.004). Intraplaque hemorrhage had an underlying lipid-rich type IV/V lesion in 55% of histological sections, whereas juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus had an underlying calcified lesion type VII in 70% of sections. Conclusions— In vivo high-resolution MRI can detect and differentiate intraplaque hemorrhage from juxtaluminal hemorrhage/thrombus with good accuracy. The association of hemorrhage and lesion types suggests potential differences in origin. Noninvasive MRI therefore provides a possible tool for prospectively studying differences in origin of plaque hemorrhage and the association of plaque progression and instability.
A Short History of Tattoo
Authors: Filippo Pesapane, Gianluca Nazzaro, Raffaele Gianotti, Antonella Coggi
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Autoimmunity postulated in ear disorder
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Some patients may have an autoimmune inner ear disorder similar to Menière's disease, say University of Iowa College of Medicine investigators, who have seen 18 such cases. Brian F. McCabe, MD, professor of otolaryngology and maxillofacial surgery, described a composite patient for the Lake Bluff conference: A 25-year-old man, previously in excellent health, awakes one morning with a feeling of fullness in the ears, unsteadiness, and tinnitus. His hearing begins to deteriorate and, despite antibiotic therapy, continues to do so. A month later he awakes with a complete paralysis of the right side of his face. This paralysis responds only slightly to steroid therapy. Extensive tests are done, with mostly normal results. He is given intensive therapy with oral dexamethasone and intravenous cyclophosphamide for eight to 30 months. His hearing gradually returns to about 70% of normal, the other ear problems subside, and the facial paralysis resolves. The Iowa City
Inflammation induces lymphangiogenesis through up-regulation of VEGFR-3 mediated by NF-κB and Prox1
Authors: Michael J. Flister, Andrew Wilber, Kelly L. Hall, Caname Iwata, Kohei Miyazono, Riccardo E. Nisato, Michael S. Pepper, David C. Zawieja, Sophia Ran
Journal: Blood (2009)
Cross sectional study of differences in coronary artery calcification by socioeconomic status
Authors: H. M Colhoun
Journal: BMJ (2000)

ovulation. 1 2 It follows that women reach their fertile days earlier in the cycle than suggested by current guidelines.For example, women with regular 28 day cycles are most likely to be potentially fertile on days 8-15 of their menstrual cycle (fig 3). Advice to couplesFigure 1 may be useful for couples who wish to time their intercourse to occur during the woman's fertile window.This approach can be improved by taking into account the regularity and usual length of the woman's cycle (figs 2 and 3).Because we excluded couples with known infertility problems, our data do not necessarily apply to couples having trouble conceiving.Any couple wishing to have a baby can easily avoid the uncertainty of predicting fertile days by engaging in intercourse two or three times a week. 1 Abstinence on specific days of the menstrual cycle remains a method of family planning for many couples worldwide. 18 Women should be aware that no calendar method is completely effective.Our data suggest there are few days in the menstrual cycle during which some women are not potentially capable of becoming pregnant-including even the cycle day on which they may expect their next menses to begin.
The swedish athletics study: design of a protocol for large-scale epidemiological studies in individual sports
Authors: J Jacobsson, T Timpka, J Ekberg, J Kowalski, S Nilsson, P Renström
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Epidemiological studies of injury have mainly been performed on team sports. Present methods for data collection and analysis neglect important features of individual sports. Aims To develop a study protocol for large-scale epidemiological studies of injuries in individual sports, exemplified by athletics. Design Structured information system development. Specification of the study protocol was preceded by an examination of requirements on injury surveillance in individual sports and iterated drafting of protocol specifications, and followed by formative evaluations. A preliminary protocol was evaluated in a pilot study involving athletic coaches and athletes and revised into the final version. Setting Swedish youth and adult elite athletics. Participants Six elite athletics coaches and 22 athletic athletes. Results The requirements analysis showed that the central demand on a study protocol to be used for epidemiological surveillance in athletics is to enable detailed analyses of overuse injuries, which subsequently requires continuous and prospective collection of athlete self-reported data. The study protocol fulfils these requirements by using a web-based athlete diary for collection of data regarding exposure to practice and competition as well as injuries. In addition, the requirements analysis showed that the study protocol should cover collection of detailed baseline data, including injury history, subject characteristics and a psychological profile. The evaluation data showed that the preliminary protocol only needed minor revisions at the level of web-questionnaire design. Conclusion The resulting study protocol for injury surveillance is specifically targeted at individual sports. It can be employed in surveillance preceding intervention programs for preventing injuries and suffering among both adult elite and youth athletes. Electronic data capture is crucial for injury surveillance in individual sports, such as athletics in order to ensure high validity of data.
Short-Term Cigarette Smoke Exposure Enhances Allergic Airway Inflammation in Mice
Authors: Katrien B. Moerloose, Romain A. Pauwels, Guy F. Joos
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2005)

Rationale: Epidemiologic studies suggest that tobacco smoke contributes to the prevalence and occurrence of exacerbations in asthma. The effect of active smoking in adolescents with atopy is poorly understood. Objectives: We developed an experimental model to investigate the influence of smoking on antigen-induced airway inflammation and airway responsiveness in mice that were previously sensitized. Methods: Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice were exposed to air or mainstream smoke (5 days/week) and to phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or OVA aerosol (3 times/week) for 2 weeks (n = 8 for each group). Results: Airway responsiveness to intravenously injected carbachol was increased (p < 0.05) in smoke- and OVA-exposed mice compared with all other groups. There was an additive effect of smoke and OVA exposure on total cell numbers, macrophages, and dendritic cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes and dendritic cells in lung tissue (p < 0.05 compared with mice exposed to smoke and PBS and to mice exposed to air and OVA). Concurrent smoke and OVA exposure augmented OVA-specific IgE in serum compared with air and OVA exposure. In lavage fluid supernatant, eotaxin was increased in air- and OVA-exposed mice. The further increase observed in the group exposed to both OVA and cigarette smoke came close to formal significance (p = 0.06). Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine was augmented in mice exposed to either smoke or OVA, without additional effect. Conclusions: Our data indicate that acute concurrent exposure to allergen and mainstream cigarette smoke enhances airway inflammation and airway responsiveness in previously sensitized mice.
Adverse drug events in hospitalized patients
Authors: J. J. Rybacki
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To the Editor.  —The articles by Dr Classen et al, 1 Dr Bates et al, 2 and Dr Lesar et al 3 are all excellent in their own right. The problem is that they appear at all. If we look back to 1995, we find an article by Leape et al 4 that outlines a systems analysis of adverse drug events (ADEs). Clearly it is one thing to analyze a problem and quite another to put acceptable solutions to work.  I strongly agree that quality improvement teams and simplified systems are part of the answer, yet I believe that the extreme care needed to make certain that patients understand their condition and its treatment is not being taken. Placing the financial burden at $136 billion should open some eyes, and, of course, the human toll is unconscionable. At our clinic, we now take the time to develop a printed schedule detailing when and
Management efficient NHS?
Authors: A. Bold
Journal: BMJ (1984)

But does this mean that we should have a national grocery board and a series of general managers to control the grocery industry in each district ?This would be as relevant to the grocery industry as it is to the National Health Service.It is now too late to turn back, however, and we must continue to divert our energies and some of our best brains into devising a meaningful job description for general managers and in trying to devise ways of measuring their effectiveness.
Cellular Distribution of Hemoglobin F in a Clonal Hemopoietic Stem-Cell Disorder
Authors: Thalia Papayannopoulou, H. Franklin Bunn, George Stamatoyannopoulos
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Because all erythroid cells in chronic myelogenous leukemia are believed to arise from a common pluripotent stem cell, we studied the cellular distribution of fetal hemoglobin in patients with the disease to test whether cells with and without hemoglobin F have a common or separate pluripotent stem-cell origin. In a patient with chronic myelogenous leukemia and sickle/beta thalassemia, 17 per cent of the red cells during remission and 18 to 22 per cent during the blastic phase contained fetal hemoglobin. In 24 non-hemoglobinopathic leukemic patients 0.3 to 28 per cent of red cells contained hemoglobin F. Since the erythrocytes in chronic myelogenous leukemia are almost exclusively derived from the malignant clone, these data suggest that cells containing fetal hemoglobin originate from the same pluripotent stem-cell progenitor as those without hemoglobin F. The findings argue against a separate line of "partially switched" pluripotent stem cells as being responsible for maintenance of hemoglobin F production in the adult.
Human hair is a potential source of cat allergen contamination of ambient air
Authors: A.‐S. Karlsson, A. Renström
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Background: We have previously shown that airborne cat allergen levels are significantly lower in school classes using special school clothing or in classes with no pet owners. However, cat allergen is present and the levels are in fact two‐ to threefold higher on cat owners’ than noncat owners’ school clothing which is used, washed and stored at school only. This suggests that allergen is transferred to schools by routes other than clothing. Aim: To analyse levels of cat allergen (Fel d 1) in hair from cat owners and noncat owners among children and adults. Methods: Samples of unwashed hair (≥1 day prior to sampling) from adults and children with ( n = 22) or without ( n = 22) cats at home were collected at a hairdresser. In addition, samples of newly washed hair (adults only, n = 11) were collected. The hair sample was extracted and analysed for Fel d 1 content with ELISA. Results: The geometric mean levels were more than two orders of magnitude higher in unwashed hair from cat owners, compared with noncat owners ( P &lt; 0.0001) and more than 10‐fold higher in newly washed hair from adults. The allergen contamination of unwashed hair among noncat owners appeared higher in children than in adults ( P = 0.045). Conclusions: Hair may be an important source for transfer and deposition of cat allergen in schools and may explain why cat allergen is found in environments with strict allergen avoidance measures. Although it may be unrealistic to apply allergen avoidance strategies against this allergen source, it is important to be aware of it.
Hebraic Attitudes Toward Sex
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> I fully agree that "our attitudes concerning nudity, virginity, fidelity, love, marriage, and 'proper' sexual behavior" are "intimately entwined with moral issues, [and] religious and cultural value systems." However, I wish to point out several inaccuracies in Marmor's communication " 'Normal' and 'Deviant' Sexual Behavior" (<b>217</b>:165, 1971). Laws against abortion did in fact exist among the ancient Jews, and are described in detail in several recent publications.<sup>1-3</sup>Premarital sex is absolutely prohibited in all the Codes of Jewish Law (Maimonides, Karo, Alfasi, Asheri, and others). Incestuous and premarital prohibitions in the Bible include not only sexual intercourse but also kissing, fondling, and embracing. Sexual activities in Judaic thinking are considered a normal and healthy part of married life to be enjoyed at regular intervals. There is no anti-sexual or ascetic tradition in Judaism. In fact, sexual intercourse is a basic right of the wife. However, rape,
Drugs for pain.
Authors: R Lamerton
Journal: BMJ (1979)

The frequency of subclinical infection is at this stage difficult to project.Testing of "normal" sera with a rather arbitrary haemagglutinating antigen2 may unearth anti- body but, if there can be antigen sharing among Gram-negative organisms its specificity may also be in doubt.In the end there has to be some relation to the clinical disease.Another survey3 of over 2000 persons from various population groups in the Nottingham area, which has experienced the disease, showed antibody as measured by specific fluorescence in only 31 (15 °O) Rapid identification of legionella from patient material is very necessary.Bacteriological methods of culture have been described' and further selective media are under study.
Preliminary Evidence of Improved Verbal Working Memory Performance and Normalization of Task-Related Frontal Lobe Activation in Schizophrenia Following Cognitive Exercises
Authors: Bruce E. Wexler, Margot Anderson, Robert K. Fulbright, John C. Gore
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2000)

OBJECTIVE: The authors' goal was to evaluate the possibility of treating brain and behavioral aspects of verbal memory dysfunction in patients with schizophrenia through cognitive exercises. METHOD: Eight patients did daily verbal memory exercises that became progressively more difficult over a 10-week training period. Memory performance and regional brain activations during a verbal memory task were assessed before and after these exercises. RESULTS: Verbal but not nonverbal memory performance improved after training; three patients made substantial gains, and five showed little change. Performance gains were correlated with increases in task-related activation of the left inferior frontal cortex. One patient given 5 extra weeks of training 6 weeks after the initial training period showed maintenance of initial performance gains 6 weeks after training, further improvement after the second period of training, and normalization of task-related activation of the left inferior frontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: Verbal memory deficits can be ameliorated by memory exercises in some patients with schizophrenia. Performance improvements are associated with increased task-related activation of the same brain region that is activated during verbal memory tasks in healthy individuals.