tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Coagulation inhibitor in hypothyroidism.
Authors: S Ardeman, H Boralessa, R F Sale
Journal: BMJ (1981)

A patient was referred for investigation of heavy bleeding after surgery. He showed several features of hypothyroidism but no goitre. Primary autoimmune hypothyroidism was confirmed by the finding of a low serum thyroxine concentration and a high thyrotropin concentration. Factor VIII concentration was low, and a mild coagulation inhibitor was found. The patient was treated with thyroxine and returned to normal health within a few months. The inhibitor found in this patient may have been specific for factor VIII, but the presence of coagulation inhibitors should be considered in patients with hypothyroidism.
Points: Gall stones in sickle cell disease
Authors: D. Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1987)

s eloquent description of Mary McDaid, dead in bed at 33 (25 July, p 265), set me thinking about where Mary and her like were represented in the evaluation of a shared diabetes care scheme reported by Dr John Day's group (20 June, p 1590)-perhaps among those for whom it was agreed that "improved control could not be achieved" or among the 40-60% of patients who do not consult specialists for diabetes care?The authors do not tell us how many patients fell into each group, nor how they fared over the next two years.The disappointing physical deterioration that occurred over the two years might have been mainly in that group where doctors had settled for poorer blood glucose control.The authors, and others (18 July, p 214), have proposed various solutions to improve the organisation of diabetic care including "greater con- centration on patient advice."Attempts at blanket patient advice have not met with much success in changing patient behaviour, and it would seem rational to tailor the advice to the specific needs of different groups of patients.We should take Mary's statement, that "it was all right for doctors with their fancy talk," into account in her management.Studies of patient outcome would also be better interpreted if they classified patients by their health beliefs and health seeking behaviour as well as their blood glucose values, and took this classification into account in the analysis.
Incidence and intensity of postpartum lower abdominal pain.
Authors: A. Murray, A. Holdcroft
Journal: BMJ (1989)

hazard that has received little attention in medical reports.We found an increased vulnerability to burglary among elderly people.The main factors underlying this phenomenon are social isolation, poor mobility, little use of security equipment, and an overtrusting attitude to callers.Elderly victims report particularly high objective (medical attention, decreased mobility, social disruption) and subjective (psychological burden) markers of stress and illness after burglary.The violation of the home seems to be particularly distressing: the home assumes increased importance with decreasing mobility and reduced social contacts.This problem must be approached in a comprehensive manner by those concerned with health and housing services for elderly people.Doctors and other health care staff should provide identification at the first domiciliary visit and should not encourage such practices as leaving doors open for community health workers.Emphasis on security alone, however, may lead to a siege mentality and further isolation.Preven- tive measures such as education in schools, recon- sideration of community policing policy, and increased public awareness will also be necessary.A prerequisite is the recognition of burglary and vandalism as impor- tant additional environmental hazards for elderly people living in the community.
What Can Proteomics Tell Us About Platelets?
Authors: Julia M. Burkhart, Stepan Gambaryan, Stephen P. Watson, Kerstin Jurk, Ulrich Walter, Albert Sickmann, Johan W.M. Heemskerk, René P. Zahedi
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

More than 130 years ago, it was recognized that platelets are key mediators of hemostasis. Nowadays, it is established that platelets participate in additional physiological processes and contribute to the genesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Recent data indicate that the platelet proteome, defined as the complete set of expressed proteins, comprises >5000 proteins and is highly similar between different healthy individuals. Owing to their anucleate nature, platelets have limited protein synthesis. By implication, in patients experiencing platelet disorders, platelet (dys)function is almost completely attributable to alterations in protein expression and dynamic differences in post-translational modifications. Modern platelet proteomics approaches can reveal (1) quantitative changes in the abundance of thousands of proteins, (2) post-translational modifications, (3) protein-protein interactions, and (4) protein localization, while requiring only small blood donations in the range of a few milliliters. Consequently, platelet proteomics will represent an invaluable tool for characterizing the fundamental processes that affect platelet homeostasis and thus determine the roles of platelets in health and disease. In this article we provide a critical overview on the achievements, the current possibilities, and the future perspectives of platelet proteomics to study patients experiencing cardiovascular, inflammatory, and bleeding disorders.
Presence of viable mould propagules in indoor air in relation to house damp and outdoor air
Authors: A. P. Verhoeff, J. H. van Wijnen, B. Brunekreef, P. Fischer, E. S. van Reenen‐Hoekstra, R. A. Samson
Journal: Allergy (1992)

The presence of viable mould propagules in indoor air was investigated using the N6-Andersen sampler in combination with DG18-agar, in relation to house damp (characterized with a checklist) and in relation to the presence of moulds in outdoor air. The first part of the study was conducted in 46 houses in the autumn of 1987, the second part in 84 houses in May 1989. Further, in the second part, the results obtained with settlement plates (OPD) were compared with those obtained with the N6-Andersen sampler. The number of CFU/m3 in the indoor and outdoor air varied widely. A large variety of mould genera and species was isolated. Species of Cladosporium, Penicillium and Wallemia predominated. The variability in time was high and the reproducibility of the measurements in terms of CFU/m3 and of species isolated was only moderate. The low predictive value of these measurements limits their use in epidemiological studies of the relationship between exposure to moulds and respiratory symptoms. Overall, the geometric mean concentration was somewhat higher outdoors than indoors. However, the clear differences found between the number of CFU/m3 belonging to different mould species in in- and outdoor air show that the presence of viable mould propagules in indoor air is not simply a reflection of the presence of moulds in outdoor air. The presence of moulds in indoor air was only weakly related to house damp as characterized by the checklist. High, statistically significant correlations were found between the CFU yield obtained with the OPD and the CFU/m3 yield obtained with the N6-Andersen sampler.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Trick Is to Live
Authors: Saul B. Gilson
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The COMMENTARY in the Nov 2, 1984, issue ofThe Journaltells us that "death is not the enemy and that death is natural."<sup>1</sup>Plagues are also natural. So are earthquakes, typhoons, and droughts. Nature is not always welcome or nice. This truism about death should be coupled with the corollary that avoidance of death is the nature of life. Things that are alive strive to keep living. The authors refer pejoratively to "the intensification of concern to sustain and preserve life." This is a strange argument for a medical journal. Medicine's purpose is the preservation of life and health, and failure to accept that goal should be as disqualifying for a physician as atheism is for a priest. In recent years it has been argued that it is inappropriate for a physician to provide expensive treatment to the aged and intellectually deteriorated. One would not, of
822. A Rev/RRE Dependent Packaging System for MLV Based Vectors Raises Biosafety Concerns
Authors: Hong Ma, Adam Cockrell, Ryan Bash, Teryy VanDyke, Tal Kafri
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

The HIV-1 Rev gene product is essential for nuclear export of unspliced viral RNAs as well as for efficient metabolism of Rev Responsive Elements (RRE)-containing mRNAs including translation, RNA splicing, and RNA stability. Not surprisingly, in most HIV-1 vector systems, both the vector, and the packaging expression cassettes contain the HIV-1 RRE sequence.
Primary Myosarcoma of the Heart
Authors: SAUL FRIEDLANDER, GORDON E. HEIN, JOHN C. SIEMENS
Journal: Circulation (1950)

Precordial pain and pericarditis were the early manifestations of this cardiac tumor. Discovery of bony metastases preceded detection of a rapidly growing intrathoracic mass, erroneously considered a bronchiogenic carcinoma invading the heart. Changing murmurs, chest pain, transient arrhythmia, intermittent fever, and progressive weight loss were the outstanding clinical features. Necroscopy revealed a primary cardiac tumor with metastases to pelvic bones, vertebrae, and lung, as well as malignant carcinoids and heterotopic pancreatic tissue.
Why the enteric nervous system is important to clinicians
Authors: M A Kamm
Journal: Gut (2000)

The enteric nervous system (ENS) is central to normal gut function and is involved in most, if not all, disorders of the luminal gastrointestinal tract. The primary pathology of oesophageal and gastrointestinal disorders can lie in the ENS , in adjacent structures such as enteric smooth muscle and gut epithelium, or in extrinsic nerves (local, spinal, and cerebral) controlling gut function. Even if the primary pathology lies in another part of the gut, such as in the mucosa, or outside the gastrointestinal tract, such as in the extrinsic neural pathways, the ENS still serves as the effector neural controller, leading to a disturbance in gut function and generation of symptoms.

The ENS, therefore, serves as a useful therapeutic target for disorders in which it is the source of dysfunction and also for disorders in which it is the effector organ. For example, in treating distal ulcerative colitis, enemas containing the neurally active membrane stabiliser lignocaine have been shown to be effective, suggesting possible involvement of neural processes in the inflammatory process. In patients with irritable bowel syndrome and diarrhoea, there is substantial evidence that the primary disorder is one of cerebral regulation of gut function, mediated …
Value of Induced Sputum in Cytologic Diagnosis of Lung Cancer
Authors: Robert S. Fontana
Journal: JAMA (1965)

RESULTS of treatment of lung cancer today leave much to be desired. A recent study indicated that the five-year survival rate in all patients with bronchogenic carcinoma was still less than 15%.<sup>1</sup>There is evidence, however, that this gloomy prognosis can be improved, provided that the tumor can be discovered while it is still resectable.<sup>2</sup> At present, cytologic examination of sputum (or bronchial secretion) constitutes the most accurate diagnostic test for lung cancer of any procedure short of thoracotomy with lung biopsy. Roentgenographic procedures may be more sensitive, but they are primarily screening devices and cannot confirm the diagnosis of malignancy as cytology studies can. Published reports<sup>3</sup>indicate that cancer cells can be detected in sputum or bronchial secretions of about two thirds of patients with primary bronchogenic carcinoma and one third of those with metastatic cancer to the lung. As might be expected, figures in different
THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION: ITS ORIGIN, PROGRESS AND PURPOSE.PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS, AT THE FIFTY-SIXTH ANNUAL SESSION OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION AT PORTLAND, OREGON, JULY 11-14, 1905.
Authors: LEWIS S. McMURTRY
Journal: JAMA (1905)

Both established usage and the by-laws of this Association require the presiding officer to deliver annually an address touching such matters as he may deem of importance. In the early years of the Association the President's address was devoted to an epitome of the progress of medical science in its various departments during the preceding year. Since distinguished orators are now selected annually to perform this important service, the President's address may be more appropriately directed to subjects relating to the general welfare of the profession and to the purposes for which this great organization was established. The annual session of the American Medical Association is always an occasion of special moment and universal interest to the medical profession of America. That several thousand physicians from all sections of our broad country assemble annually for the advancement of medical science and the elevation of our profession is a splendid testimonial
Biliary lipid output during three meals and an overnight fast. II. Effect of chenodeoxycholic acid treatment in gallstone subjects.
Authors: T C Northfield, N F LaRusso, A F Hofmann, J L Thistle
Journal: Gut (1975)

Oral treatment with chenodeoxycholic acid causes dissolution of cholesterol gallstones in man. In order to determine the mechanism of this effect, we have measured 24-hour biliary lipid output, lipid composition of fasting gallbladder bile, and bile acid pool sizes before and during such treatment in six patients with radiolucent gallstones in functioning gallbladders. In all six patients, the degree of cholesterol saturation of fasting-state gallbladder bile was decreased during treatment to a level below the thermodynamic solubility line. This effect was due to a decrease in biliary cholesterol output, associated with conversion of more than 90% of the total bile acid pool to chenodeoxycholic acid. It could not be attributed to an increase in total bile acid pool size nor to an increase in biliary bile acid or phospholipid output.
Use of microcomputers for self-assessment and continuing education in anaesthesia.
Authors: C Schmulian, G N Kenny, D Campbell
Journal: BMJ (1982)

The suitability of computer-assisted self-assessment was evaluated as a means of quality assurance in anaesthesia. Altogether 202 anaesthetists participated in four trials of the method. Analyses of their performance in a self-assessment programme dealing with obstetric anaesthesia showed significant differences in the levels of knowledge of anaesthetists practising for different numbers of years. The acceptability of computer-assisted self-assessment ranged from 91% to 100% for the four trials. Similar programs have been shown to be of value in medical education and thus computer-assisted self-assessment appears to fulfil simultaneously the functions of self-assessment and continuing education. The criteria for a method of quality assurance are met.
Reversibility of cadmium-induced health effects in rabbits.
Authors: K Nomiyama, H Nomiyama
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1984)

Twenty-one male rabbits were divided into three groups: rabbits of two groups were given pelleted food containing cadmium chloride at a dose level of 300 micrograms Cd/g over periods of 44 or 19 weeks. Rabbits of the last group were given ordinary commercial pelleted food and served as controls. Cadmium increased urinary protein and amino acid by week 19 and increased it to a remarkably high level by week 44. After cessation of cadmium exposure, rabbits of the first group (44 weeks exposure group) showed only little recovery from cadmium health effects: proteinuria and aminoaciduria were slightly improved. Depressed hepatic functions were also slightly improved, but did not return to the control level in 24 weeks. Fat and bone metabolism also remained depressed below the control level. Anemia did not also readily recover. On the other hand, rabbits of the second group (19 weeks exposure) recovered from the effects of cadmium: proteinuria and aminoaciduria in most animals disappeared soon after the end of cadmium exposure, plasma GPT fell after 1 week, and hemoglobin and hematocrit returned to normal in 6-11 weeks. The above results show that after cessation of cadmium exposure, mild cadmium-induced health effects were reversible in a short period, while more severe effects were not readily reversible. High performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) profiles of renal and hepatic cadmium-thionein (Cd-MT) during and after exposure to cadmium showed no correlation to the degree of cadmium health effects, and therefore, did not help to elucidate mechanisms of the recovery from cadmium-induced health effects, probably because cadmium not bound with metallothionein (non-MT-Cd) is responsible for inducing renal effects.
Dissecting the role of milk components on gut microbiota composition
Authors: Elizabeth A. Maga, Bart C. Weimer, James D. Murray
Journal: Gut Microbes (2012)

The composition of human milk is tailored to contribute to the development of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of newborns and infants. Importantly, human milk contains the antimicrobial compounds lysozyme and lactoferrin that are thought to contribute to the formation of a health-promoting microbiota. As these protective factors are lacking in the milk of dairy animals, we genetically engineered goats expressing human lysozyme in their milk and have recently reported a new animal model to dissect out the role of milk components on gut microbiota formation. Using the pig as a more human-relevant animal model, we demonstrated that consumption of lysozyme-rich milk enriched the abundance of bacteria associated with GI health and decreased those associated with disease, much like human milk. This work demonstrated that the pig is a valid animal model for gut microbiome studies on the effects of dietary components on microbiota composition, host-microbe interactions and state of the intestine.
Early antiretroviral therapy reduced HIV-1 transmission in serodiscordant couples
Authors: Michael A. Polis
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club20 December 2011Early antiretroviral therapy reduced HIV-1 transmission in serodiscordant couplesMichael A. Polis, MD, MPHMichael A. Polis, MD, MPHNational Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (M.A.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-155-12-201112200-02008 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationCohen MS, Chen YQ, McCauley M, et al; HPTN 052 Study Team. Prevention of HIV-1 infection with early antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med. 2011;365:493-505. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21767103Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Infectious Disease: References1 Dieffenbach CW, Fauci AS. Thirty years of HIV and AIDS: future challenges and opportunities. Ann Intern Med. 2011;154:766-71. [PMID: 21628350] Google Scholar2 Quinn TC, Wawer MJ, Sewankambo N, et al. Viral load and heterosexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Rakai Project Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:921-9. [PMID: 10738050] Google Scholar3 Granich RM, Gilks CF, Dye C, De Cock KM, Williams BG. Universal voluntary HIV testing with immediate antiretroviral therapy as a strategy for elimination of HIV transmission: a mathematical model. Lancet. 2009;373:48-57. [PMID: 19038438] Google Scholar4 Montaner JS, Lima VD, Barrios R, et al. Association of highly active antiretroviral therapy coverage, population viral load, and yearly new HIV diagnoses in British Columbia, Canada: a population-based study. Lancet. 2010;376:532-9. [PMID: 20638713] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA (M.A.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 6 December 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 20 December 2011Volume 155, Issue 12Page: JC6-8KeywordsAdverse eventsAntiretroviral therapyGlobal healthHIVHIV-1Infectious diseasesPulmonary diseasesResearch laboratoriesTuberculosisViral load ePublished: 20 December 2011 Issue Published: 20 December 2011 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Gross Left Atrial Enlargement without Pressure Elevation in Severe Mitral Regurgitation.
Authors: W. C. Awe
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1962)

s1 April 1962Gross Left Atrial Enlargement without Pressure Elevation in Severe Mitral Regurgitation.W. C. Awe, M.D., E. Braunwald, M.D. (Assoc.)W. C. Awe, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, E. Braunwald, M.D. (Assoc.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-56-4-665_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptGenerally, it has been thought that significant elevation of the left atrial and pulmonary vascular pressures occurs in patients with mitral regurgitation of sufficient severity to produce serious disability and gross enlargement of the left atrium. Nine patients with mitral regurgitation have been encountered in whom gross left atrial enlargement was accompanied by normal left atrial and pulmonary artery pressures. These patients ranged in age from eight to 49 years, all were in functional classes III or IV, with an average duration of symptoms of 7.3 years. Atrial fibrillation and the physical findings of pure mitral regurgitation were present in... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Bethesda, Md. (CI) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1962Volume 56, Issue 4Page: 665-665KeywordsAtrial fibrillationDisabilitiesLeft atriumMitral insufficiencyPulmonary arteries Issue Published: 1 April 1962 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Congenital disorder of oxygen sensing: association of the homozygous Chuvash polycythemia VHL mutation with thrombosis and vascular abnormalities but not tumors
Authors: Victor R. Gordeuk, Adelina I. Sergueeva, Galina Y. Miasnikova, Daniel Okhotin, Yaroslav Voloshin, Peter L. Choyke, John A. Butman, Katerina Jedlickova, Josef T. Prchal, Lydia A. Polyakova
Journal: Blood (2004)
HIV Infection in 1968
Authors: David Huminer
Journal: JAMA (1989)

To the Editor. —  We read the article by Garry et al 1 that presented evidence for an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus infection in the United States in 1968 with mixed feelings of satisfaction and disappointment. We were satisfied to find in this report further support to our belief that  is an old disease that has been unrecognized in the past because of its sporadic occurrence. 2 However, we were disappointed by the failure to cite our article entitled  in the Pre-AIDS Era, 2 in which we reviewed the medical literature since 1950 for unrecognized cases of probable AIDS that had occurred before the start of the current epidemic. We disclosed 19 such cases, one of which was the patient described by Garry et al and previously reported by Elvin-Lewis et al 3 and Witte et al. 4   We hope that the retrospective documentation of AIDS virus
WHO urges Africa to use more effective malaria medicines
Authors: Gavin Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Hoping to put an end to criticisms by malaria researchers of its malaria treatment strategy (24 January, p 183), the World Health Organization stated unequivocally last week that African countries experiencing resistance to conventional drugs should switch to using more effective, artemisinin based combination therapies.

“At least one million children die every year in Africa from malaria,” said Dr Lee Jong-wook, WHO's director general. “Several million more become seriously ill. In many places, they are still given medicines whose effectiveness is very low, and decreasing. Better treatment is available and must be delivered urgently to the …