tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The course of galactose elimination capacity in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis: Possible use as a surrogate marker for death
Authors: C Merkel
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

There is increasing interest for the use of surrogate end points in the evaluation of treatments in patients with liver disease, but adequate validation is seldom available. This study aimed to describe the different course of galactose elimination capacity in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis who continued to drink or abstained from alcohol consumption during follow-up, and to validate changes in galactose elimination as a surrogate end point for death from liver-related causes. Forty-five patients with alcoholic cirrhosis (22 who continued drinking throughout the study period, and 23 who stopped drinking and were abstinent throughout the study period) were retrospectively selected among patients who had galactose elimination capacity measured at 6-month intervals. During follow-up 10 drinkers and 3 abstainers died of liver-related causes (P = .025). Abstainers showed a transient improvement in galactose elimination capacity, followed by a decrease. Continuous drinkers showed a reduction from the beginning. According to Cox's regression analyses, persistent alcohol abuse and galactose elimination capacity were separately related to the risk of death, but, when a time-dependent model was fitted containing galactose elimination capacity and persistent alcohol abuse, only the former remained significant. This implies that variations in the risk of death occurring as a consequence of abstinence from alcohol consumption may be predicted from changes in galactose elimination capacity, and that the mechanisms through which abstinence influences survival are strictly linked to the mechanisms responsible for the changes in the test. Because of the strict association of decrease in galactose elimination capacity and short survival, as proved in several series, this observation represents adherence to the criteria requested for adequacy of a surrogate end point. In conclusion, in alcoholic cirrhosis the decrease in galactose elimination capacity is an adequate surrogate end point for death from liver-related causes, which is worth testing in other conditions and in response to other treatments.
The MAP3K TAK1: A chock block to liver cancer formation
Authors: Yann Malato, Holger Willenbring
Journal: Hepatology (2010)

Abstract TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is a MAP3K family member that activates NF-κB and JNK via Toll-like receptors and the receptors for IL-1, TNF-α, and TGF-β. Because the TAK1 downstream molecules NF-κB and JNK have opposite effects on cell death and carcinogenesis, the role of TAK1 in the liver is unpredictable. To address this issue, we generated hepatocyte-specific Tak1 -deficient ( Tak1ΔHEP ) mice. The Tak1ΔHEP mice displayed spontaneous hepatocyte death, compensatory proliferation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and perisinusoidal fibrosis at age 1 month. Older Tak1ΔHEP mice developed multiple cancer nodules characterized by increased expression of fetal liver genes including α-fetoprotein. Cultures of primary hepatocytes deficient in Tak1 exhibited spontaneous cell death that was further increased in response to TNF-α. TNF-α increased caspase-3 activity but activated neither NF-κB nor JNK in Tak1 -deficient hepatocytes. Genetic abrogation of TNF receptor type I (TNFRI) in Tak1ΔHEP mice reduced liver damage, inflammation, and fibrosis compared with unmodified Tak1ΔHEP mice. In conclusion, hepatocyte-specific deletion of TAK1 in mice resulted in spontaneous hepatocyte death, inflammation, fibrosis, and carcinogenesis that was partially mediated by TNFR signaling, indicating that TAK1 is an essential component for cellular homeostasis in the liver. Abstract The MAP3-kinase TGF-β-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) critically modulates innate and adaptive immune responses and connects cytokine stimulation with activation of inflammatory signaling pathways. Here, we report that conditional ablation of TAK1 in liver parenchymal cells (hepatocytes and cholangiocytes) causes hepatocyte dysplasia and early-onset hepatocarcinogenesis, coinciding with biliary ductopenia and cholestasis. TAK1-mediated cancer suppression is exerted through activating NF-κB in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and through preventing Caspase-3-dependent hepatocyte and cholangiocyte apoptosis. Moreover, TAK1 suppresses a procarcinogenic and pronecrotic pathway, which depends on NF-κB-independent functions of the IκB-kinase (IKK)-subunit NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO). Therefore, TAK1 serves as a gatekeeper for a protumorigenic, NF-κB-independent function of NEMO in parenchymal liver cells.
Factors Affecting Bone Mass-Reply
Authors: MaryFran Sowers
Journal: JAMA (1994)

In Reply.  —As Drs Rico and Revilla note, the sample of women who were breast-feeding lost in excess of 5% at the lumbar spine and femoral neck. They propose that seasonal variation and weight loss following parturition are viable explanations for the loss rather than breast-feeding.  Seasonal variation in sunlight exposure has been observed with seasonal variation in serum vitamin D levels for some time. 1,2 This seasonal variation might be associated with bone mass loss under conditions of pregnancy and lactation in absence of a source of vitamin D from sunlight or diet.  Several factors argue against seasonal variation in vitamin D as a source of explanation of the observed bone loss in the group with extended lactation. First, the lactating women were compared with controls who had also experienced a pregnancy. Those controls did not experience the transient bone loss of the lactating women. Second, the lactating women
Clinical Manifestations of Primary Histoplasmosis.
Authors: G. L. Baum
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1963)

s1 April 1963Clinical Manifestations of Primary Histoplasmosis.G. L. Baum, M.D., F.A.C.P., J. L. Friedman, M.D., J. Schwarz, M.D.G. L. Baum, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, J. L. Friedman, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. Schwarz, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-58-4-733_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptPrimary infection with Histoplasma capsulatum is usually not observed clinically among children in the endemic area. Five cases have been seen in the past 3 years, however, in which the various manifestations of such infection have been documented.All patients were children 12 years of age or under and all recovered, only one requiring amphotericin B. The clinical spectrum was of particular interest since only one case, that of a 5-month old infant, manifested widespread dissemination. Two cases of pericarditis with effusion, one case of localized pneumonia with hilar adenopathy, and one case with tracheal obstruction due to large paratracheal... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 April 1963Volume 58, Issue 4Page: 733-733KeywordsAmphotericinChildrenHistoplasma capsulatumHistoplasmosisInfantsPediatric infectionsPneumonia Issue Published: 1 April 1963 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Peripheral ghrelin transmits orexigenic signals through the noradrenergic pathway from the hindbrain to the hypothalamus
Authors: Yukari Date, Takuya Shimbara, Shuichi Koda, Koji Toshinai, Takanori Ida, Noboru Murakami, Mikiya Miyazato, Koichi Kokame, Yuta Ishizuka, Yasushi Ishida, Haruaki Kageyama, Seiji Shioda, Kenji Kangawa, Masamitsu Nakazato
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2006)
Hypotension and dobutamine stress echocardiography.
Authors: D Pontillo, A Capezzuto, A Achilli
Journal: Circulation (1994)

morning at 7:00 AM by a group of cardiologists, radiologists, and vascular surgeons, at which time treatment recommendations are made by consensus.The same meeting is used to review successes, failures, and complications resulting from the proposed treatments.It is our strong feeling that such mutual cooperation -and
Comparison between Thermography and Fluorescein Test in the Detection of Incompetent Perforating Veins
Authors: B. Elem, B. A. Shorey, K. L. Williams
Journal: BMJ (1971)

Incompetent perforating veins of the legs were located by dynamic thermography at 69 sites and by the fluorescein test at 31. All the sites were explored by multiple local incisions. Incompetence of the veins was determined by demonstrating retrograde blood flow through these veins when severed. Explorations of these sites showed that thermography detected 94% and gave false-positive results in 6%, while the fluorescein test detected 16% and contributed 84% false-positive results. These findings show a highly significant difference (P &lt;0·0005) in favour of the thermographic technique. Detection of 16% of incompetent perforating veins by the fluorescein test is statistically insignificant. This inaccuracy is thought to be due to inadequate dermal penetration of the ultraviolet rays. A positive fluorescein test probably indicates the presence of incompetent perforating veins but has little anatomical relationship to their actual site.
Prolonged overall survival with second on-demand autologous transplant in multiple myeloma
Authors: Francesca Elice, Roberto Raimondi, Alberto Tosetto, Anna D'Emilio, Eros Di Bona, Andrea Piccin, Francesco Rodeghiero
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2006)

Between August 1993 and March 2003, 130 consecutive multiple myeloma (MM) patients eligible for high-dose treatment were offered a program including up-front autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after conditioning with 200 mg/m2 melphalan followed by a second ASCT in case of relapse or progression. A total of 107 (82%) patients completed the first ASCT. The best response obtained after ASCT was complete response (CR) 23%, very good partial response (VGPR) 28%, partial response (PR) 42%, and minimal response (MR) 7%. Median overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) were 65.4 and 27.7 months, respectively. Relapse or progression occurred in 70 patients; 26 received a second ASCT (with a median time of 20.4 months from first ASCT). A major response (≥PR) was obtained in 69% of these patients. Median OS and EFS after the second ASCT were 38.1 and 14.8 months. Treatment-related mortality was 1.9% after the first ASCT but no deaths occurred after the second. Our experience suggests that elective up-front single ASCT followed by second ASCT after relapse or progression is a safe and effective global strategy to treat MM patients. Am. J. Hematol. 81:426–431, 2006. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Utilization of Serine-Derivatized Gadonanotubes as Magnetic Nanoprobes for Intracellular Labeling of MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer Cell.
Authors: B. Chan, A. Hassan, K. Hartman, K. Hartman, J. Ananta, J. Ananta, Y. Mackeyev, L. Hu, R. Pautler, L. Wilson, L. Wilson, A. Lee
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract The use of contrast agent enhances the image and gives a more accurate diagnosis by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, safety of the patients with renal dysfunction raised the concern of increase in use. Comparing to the current clinical contrast agent gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA or Magnevist®), gadolinium-filled ultra-short carbon nanotubes (GNs) showed superior relaxivity. At different magnetic fields, GN increased relaxivity by 40-, 4.6- and 1.6-fold at magnetic fields of 1.5, 7 and 9.4T, respectively. More importantly, GN showed the ability in internalization that Gd-DTPA lacks. GN entered MCF-7 human breast cancer cells and allowed imaging of the cells by MRI. Detectable amount of gadolinium was found only in GN-treated MCF-7 cells by ICP-OES analysis. MRI of the kidney and liver showed GN was more dispersed suggesting that GN may be able to enter the interstitial space while Gd-DTPA was remained in the vasculature. Taken together, we found GN may be developed as a better contrast agent for MRI. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 5005.
Hypophysectomy in Diabetic Retinitis
Authors: Daniel W. Foster
Journal: JAMA (1968)

To the Editor:—  It is certainly disturbing thatThe Journal( 203 :73, 79, 85, 1968) would publish three articles on hypophysectomy in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy in which no control patients were included. It is even more disturbing  on the basis of these articles an editorial would state that future controversy will center not so much on the value of pituitary ablation in diabetic retinopathy, as on the comparative merits of ablative approaches.  Of the many papers dealing with this problem, two have attempted in a serious way to present controlled data; one by Joplin, et al ( Quart J Med  34 :443,1965) and the other by Lundbaek, et al ( Proceedings of the Sixth Excerpta Medica Foundation , Stockholm, to be published). Both series indicate  improvement in retinopathy occurs in about 30% of patients treated with pituitary ablation compared to controls. Ten of the 15 control patients and nine
REDUCED NONSPECIFIC BINDING (NSB) IN RADIOIMMUNOASSAY (RIA) OF HUMAN CALCITONIN (hCT) USING COLUMN-PURIFIED 125I-hCT AND DOUBLE ANTIBODY (DA) SEPARATION METHOD
Authors: L A Heminger, E L Barnes, I W Chen, H R Maxon, R C Tsang
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1981)

Eugene L Saenger Radioisotope Laboratory and Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati OH 45267
Abstract LB-269: Genome-wide expression profiling of highly degraded formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue from non-small cell lung carcinoma
Authors: Li Su, I-Chen Wu, Ming-Tsang Wu, Lucian R. Chirieac, Zhaoxi Wang, David C. Christiani
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Microarray-based genome-wide gene expression analysis on fresh frozen tissue is widely used in cancer studies. Compared to fresh frozen tissues, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are more accessible in the clinical setting for genomic analysis, but its use has been hampered by technical difficulty. In this study, we investigated the potential use of the Whole-Genome DASL HT Assay (Illumina, San Diego, CA) for global expression profiling (covering &amp;gt;47,000 annotated transcripts) in 24 tumor/non-affected FFPE tissues obtained by biopsy from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We obtained high-quality microarray data on 11 FFPE samples (46%). The FFPE samples had a relatively lower median call rate of 12.2% (range: 10–14.5%), as compared with those from fresh samples; ranging from 10% to 25%. Among genes differentially expressed between squamous carcinomas and adjacent non-affected lung tissue, we found that the RECK gene, encoding a tumor suppressor of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs, was decreased strongly in tumors (fold change: -2.7; p=0.018). This finding was consistent with previous reports that there was a significantly lower expression of RECK mRNA in NSCLC tissue in samples with promoter hypermethylation. During pathway-based analysis using GeneGo database, we found that differentially expressed genes were significantly enriched in several pathways, such as the RAS regulation pathways, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition pathway, WNT signaling pathway, and signal transduction pathway of lung neoplasms. When comparing expression between adenocarcinoma and squamous NSCLC, the differentially expressed genes were clustered in keratin filaments pathway for cytoskeleton remodeling, WNT signaling pathway, and disease pathways related to bronchial neoplasms and NSCLC. The WNT/PCP signaling pathway has been implicated in human carcinogenesis. MAP3K7 is one of the key signaling molecules of non-canonical WNT pathway, which demonstrated high level expression in lung carcinoma but was not expressed in non-affected pulmonary tissues. Our study demonstrated that DASL expression profiling technology, genome-wide expression profiles can be successfully generated from FFPE lung tissues. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-269. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-LB-269
Association of the Gly82Ser polymorphism in the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) gene with circulating levels of soluble RAGE and inflammatory markers in nondiabetic and nonobese Koreans
Authors: Yangsoo Jang, Ji Young Kim, Seok-Min Kang, Jung-Sun Kim, Jey Sook Chae, Oh Yoen Kim, Soo Jeong Koh, Hyun Chul Lee, Chul Woo Ahn, Young Duk Song, Jong Ho Lee
Journal: Metabolism (2007)
Bassoon and the Synaptic Ribbon Organize Ca2+ Channels and Vesicles to Add Release Sites and Promote Refilling
Authors: Thomas Frank, Mark A. Rutherford, Nicola Strenzke, Andreas Neef, Tina Pangršič, Darina Khimich, Anna Fejtova, Eckart D. Gundelfinger, M. Charles Liberman, Benjamin Harke, Keith E. Bryan, Amy Lee, Alexander Egner, Dietmar Riedel, Tobias Moser
Journal: Neuron (2010)
Abstract 3158: Evidence for a role of EWS in alternative splicing in Ewing's sarcoma
Authors: Lucia T. Riedmann, Maximilian O. Kauer, Gunhild Jug, Heinrich Kovar
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Ewing's sarcoma family tumors (ESFT) are characterized in 85% of cases by the oncogenic fusion protein EWS-FLI1 resulting from a chromosomal translocation. While FLI1 is an ETS transcription factor, EWS belongs to the evolutionarily conserved FET family of RNA-binding proteins. So far, functional studies of oncogenic EWS fusion proteins have concentrated on their presumed role as transcriptional regulators. However, chimeric FET proteins are usually co-expressed with their intact counterparts and previous protein interaction studies have shown that EWS and EWS-FLI1 interact with each other. Therefore, it is possible that functional interference with normal EWS function accounts for part of the oncogenic activities of EWS-FLI1. However, the role of EWS in post-transcriptional and transcriptional gene regulation is poorly defined. Since FET proteins associate with a number of RNA processing factors, we investigated the influence of modulated EWS expression on genome wide splicing using Affymetrix HuEx-1.0stv2 arrays. For that purpose, we used two model systems: a unique ESFT cell line lacking endogenous EWS was studied upon stable restoration of EWS expression, and an ESFT cell line allowing for inducible RNAi-mediated EWS-FLI1 suppression was analyzed upon transient EWS knockdown. As a result, we found significant differences between cells with and without EWS expression in splicing patterns as well as alternative promoter usage for more than 50 genes. GO analysis of the top ranking genes is consistent with previously suggested functions of the FET protein family such as DNA repair, chromatin structure and RNA transcription. The alternative splicing patterns were verified by RT-qPCR of candidate genes which are currently tested for their functional relevance to ESFT. One of these candidate genes is structural maintainance of chromosome 5 (SMC5). As a core component of the SMC5-SMC6 complex it is involved in sister chromatid homologous recombination by recruiting the SMC1-SMC3 cohesin complex to DNA double-strand breaks during anaphase. Ongoing studies concentrate on the influence of EWS-FLI1 on EWS-dependent alternative RNA processing patterns in these model systems. This study is supported by grant P20665-B12 of the Austrian Science Fund FWF Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3158.
Skin Leg Ulcer in an Immunocompromised Patient With<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>Sepsis
Authors: Cesar Lloret-Ruiz, Paula Moles-Poveda, Juan-Jose Terradez-Raro
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

A man in his 60s presented with a painless rapidly enlarging ulcer on his left leg 1 week after the onset of diverticulitis, a neutropenic fever, and severe sepsis due to multidrugresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection that necessitated admission to the intensive care unit. His medical history included a heart transplant for ischemic cardiomyopathy in his early 50s, and he was receiving long-term immunosuppressive therapy with cyclosporine, mycophenolate mofetil, and deflazacort. He had received a diagnosis of plasmablastic lymphoma 6months earlier andwas being treatedwith polychemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin hydrochloride, vincristine sulfate, and prednisone [CHOP] regimen). Physical examination revealed a well-demarcated 5 × 5-cm round ulcer with raised border, surrounding erythema, and a base with purulent debris (Figure 1A). A superficial swab culture sample grew P aeruginosa. A punch biopsy specimen from the edge of the ulcer was obtained and sent for histopathologic evaluation (Figure 1B). A B
Reproducibility of individual response to exposure to high altitude.
Authors: P Forster
Journal: BMJ (1984)

Etude chez 18 hommes travaillant au telescope de Mauna Kea (Hawai) et passant regulierement quelques jours a 4200 m d'altitude puis quelques jours au niveau de la mer. 5 sujets ne presentent jamais de troubles, les 13 autres sont atteints d'acces aigus de mal des montagnes a chaque sejour en altitude, sans qu'on puisse deceler les causes de ces differences
Managers manipulated waiting lists to meet targets, auditors reveal
Authors: R. Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

A National Audit Office report has identified the NHS trusts where it says waiting lists have been inappropriately adjusted.

NHS chief executive Nigel Crisp has condemned the managers responsible and launched an action plan to meet recommendations for improvements detailed in the report.

The plan includes carrying out spot checks on hospital waiting list figures and publishing NHS consultant waiting times on the …
There is no Place in Gynecological Endoscopy for Unipolar or Bipolar High-frequency Current
Authors: H.-H. Riedel, K. Semm
Journal: Endoscopy (1982)

In 1981 we showed that there is a clear relationship between the extent of destruction of the vascular and nervous systems within the mesosalpinx, and the occurrence of menstrual disorders, and menopausal symptoms. Depending upon the individual sterilization technique, varying portions of the tubes are destroyed and considerable in jury is done to extensive parts of the mesosalpinx. Since two-thirds of the ovarian blood supply passes through the tubal branch of the uterine artery, after destruction of large areas of the mesosalpinx, a marked disturbance of ovarian metabolism must be expected. Using a patient questionnaire, we investigated the effects of the unipolar high frequency current method and the endo-coagulation procedure with respect to late complications. In the years following high-frequency sterilization (in a total of 258 women) 23 women (8.9) were hysterectomized; in the endocoagulation group only 9 patients (2.3%) underwent hysterectomy, primarily for recurrent therapy-resistent menometrorrhagia. Of the women sterilized by the unipolar HF- technique (total number 258) 20 (7.8%) required post-operative curettage 1-3 times while only 8 patients (2.1%) of the endocoagulation group required such a procedure. We found that 79 patients of the HF-group (30.9%) exhibited menstrual disorders compared with only 45 women 11.7% in the endocoagulation group.