tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
KIDNEY DISEASE AND INSANITY
Authors: George T. Tuttle
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1892)

First. Chronic nephritis is sometimes the cause of mental aberration, which may be called insanity. Second. Long-continued anxiety may cause albumen, hyaline, granular, epithelial and blood casts in the urine, with accompanying œdema in some cases. Third. This kidney affection may be temporary, disappearing when the cause is removed, or, the cause persisting too long, may become chronic renal disease. Fourth. Contrary to the opinion of many observers, disease of the kidneys is quite common among the insane.
Risk-Based Prioritization among Air Pollution Control Strategies in the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Ying Zhou, Joshua S. Fu, Guoshun Zhuang, Jonathan I. Levy
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) in China is a densely populated region with recent dramatic increases in energy consumption and atmospheric emissions.We studied how different emission sectors influence population exposures and the corresponding health risks, to inform air pollution control strategy design.We applied the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) Modeling System to model the marginal contribution to baseline concentrations from different sectors. We focused on nitrogen oxide (NOx) control while considering other pollutants that affect fine particulate matter [aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 mum (PM2.5)] and ozone concentrations. We developed concentration-response (C-R) functions for PM2.5 and ozone mortality for China to evaluate the anticipated health benefits.In the YRD, health benefits per ton of emission reductions varied significantly across pollutants, with reductions of primary PM2.5 from the industry sector and mobile sources showing the greatest benefits of 0.1 fewer deaths per year per ton of emission reduction. Combining estimates of health benefits per ton with potential emission reductions, the greatest mortality reduction of 12,000 fewer deaths per year [95% confidence interval (CI), 1,200-24,000] was associated with controlling primary PM2.5 emissions from the industry sector and reducing sulfur dioxide (SO2) from the power sector, respectively. Benefits were lower for reducing NOx emissions given lower consequent reductions in the formation of secondary PM2.5 (compared with SO2) and increases in ozone concentrations that would result in the YRD.Although uncertainties related to C-R functions are significant, the estimated health benefits of emission reductions in the YRD are substantial, especially for sectors and pollutants with both higher health benefits per unit emission reductions and large potential for emission reductions.
Capsule endoscopy in Klippel - Trenaunay syndrome
Authors: R. Weersma, W. Thijs, G. Vosmaer, J. Koornstra
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

A 53-year-old man, with known Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS), presented with massive life-threatening gastrointestinal blood loss. After hemodynamic resuscitation, upper endoscopy and ileocolonoscopy were performed. These did not reveal the source of bleeding. Video capsule endoscopy was subsequently performed using the Given (Yoqneam, Israel) system. This revealed a large number of small-bowel hemangiomas (Figure [1]). However, none of the lesions showed signs of active or recent bleeding. The clinical course was favorable, with spontaneous resolution of the blood loss. It remains unclear what may have precipitated the bleeding episode.
George C. Griffith lecture. The role of renin in normal and pathological cardiovascular homeostasis.
Authors: E Haber
Journal: Circulation (1976)

Recently, the availability of a number of specific inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system has made it possible to address certain critical questions concerning the role of angiotensin II in physiologic homeostasis and in a number of pathologic states. These studies indicate that angiotensin II does not have an obligatory role in blood pressure maintenance in the normal, sodium replete individual, but it is essential following sodium depletion. The role of angiotensin II in feedback control of renin secretion is confirmed as is its importance in aldosterone stimulation both in relation to posture and sodium depletion. Angiotensin II is responsible for the initial pressor response of experimental renovascular hypertension and appears to be important in the initiation of chronic renovascular hypertension. Converting enzyme blockers and competitive inhibitors of angiotensin II are helpful in the diagnosis of clinical renovascular hypertension and in the identification of renin dependent hypertensives. Homeostatic mechanisms leading to maintenance of blood pressure and accumulation of edema in experimental congestive heart failure appear to be dependent on angiotensin II.
Depressed reflex vasomotor control of the burn wound
Authors: L H. AULICK, D. W WILMORE, A. D MASON, B. A PRUITT
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1982)

Journal Article Depressed reflex vasomotor control of the burn wound Get access L HOWARD AULICK, L HOWARD AULICK * From the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas *Address for correspondence: L Howard Aulick, PhD, US Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar DOUGLAS W WILMORE, DOUGLAS W WILMORE From the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar ARTHUR D MASON, JR, ARTHUR D MASON, JR From the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar BASIL A PRUITT, JR BASIL A PRUITT, JR From the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, Texas Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 16, Issue 3, March 1982, Pages 113–119, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/16.3.113 Published: 01 March 1982
ABC of AIDS: neurological manifestations.
Authors: R E Holliman, D G Fleck
Journal: BMJ (1987)

For the avoidance of halothane to be recommended in children requiring repeat anaesthesia another volatile anaesthetic agent must be shown to be associated with a lower overall morbidity and mortality.Avoiding halothane might eliminate the risk of unexplained hepatitis after administration of halothane, but a different complication with a higher overall mortality might replace this.I will continue to use halothane repeatedly in children as it is superior to all currently available volatile anaesthetic agents.The only contraindication to its use is if a child has previously developed unexplained hepatitis after receiving halothane.5Previous postoperative fevers and the appearance of a rash are of no consequence.
Infections as contributing factors to atopic dermatitis
Authors: Ingela Rystedt, Inga‐Lisa Strannegård, Ö Urjan Strannegård
Journal: Allergy (1989)

Certain cutaneous viral infections, such as Herpes simplex, vaccinia and varicella infections are known to occasionally run an usually severe course in AD. Patients with AD display increased frequencies of recurrent cold sores and Herpes zoster and they also have increased antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus. Heavy colonization of the skin with staphylococci and streptococci is common. The findings of increased severity and/or frequencies of these infections in AD may be explained by dysfunctional cell-mediated immunity and by cutaneous changes associated with AD. There is suggestive, but not any firm evidence, that infections play a causal role in the precipitation and exacerbation of AD. Infections are thus, in most cases, probably consequences rather than causes of the disease.
Association of Biomarkers of Systemic Inflammation with Organic Components and Source Tracers in Quasi-Ultrafine Particles
Authors: Ralph J. Delfino, Norbert Staimer, Thomas Tjoa, Mohammad Arhami, Andrea Polidori, Daniel L. Gillen, Michael T. Kleinman, James J. Schauer, Constantinos Sioutas
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2010)

BackgroundEvidence is needed regarding the air pollutant components and their sources responsible for associations between particle mass concentrations and human cardiovascular outcomes. We previously found associations between circulating biomarkers of inflammation and mass concentrations of quasi-ultrafine particles ≤ 0.25 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM0.25) in a panel cohort study of 60 elderly subjects with coronary artery disease living in the Los Angeles Basin.ObjectivesWe reassessed biomarker associations with PM0.25 using new particle composition data.MethodsWeekly biomarkers of inflammation were plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor II (sTNF-RII) (n = 578). Exposures included indoor and outdoor community organic PM0.25 constituents [polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hopanes, n-alkanes, organic acids, water-soluble organic carbon, and transition metals]. We analyzed the relation between biomarkers and exposures with mixed-effects models adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsIndoor and outdoor PAHs (low-, medium-, and high-molecular-weight PAHs), followed by hopanes (vehicle emissions tracer), were positively associated with biomarkers, but other organic components and transition metals were not. sTNF-RII increased by 135 pg/mL [95% confidence interval (CI), 45–225 pg/mL], and IL-6 increased by 0.27 pg/mL (95% CI, 0.10–0.44 pg/mL) per interquartile range increase of 0.56 ng/m3 outdoor total PAHs. Two-pollutant models of PM0.25 with PAHs showed that nominal associations of IL-6 and sTNF-RII with PM0.25 mass were completely confounded by PAHs. Vehicular emission sources estimated from chemical mass balance models were strongly correlated with PAHs (R = 0.71).ConclusionsTraffic emission sources of organic chemicals represented by PAHs are associated with increased systemic inflammation and explain associations with quasi-ultrafine particle mass.
NIH updates its conflict of interest guidelines
Authors: Douglas Kamerow
Journal: BMJ (2011)

How much does the public need to know about reports of conflicts?



Last week the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) published its long awaited final rule on conflicts of interest.1 2 In doing so it tried to balance the benefits of increased disclosure of financial connections between NIH funded investigators and the industry with the drawbacks of a greater burden of reporting and loss of privacy.

This issue came to broad public attention about three years ago, when a series of investigations by Senator Charles Grassley uncovered several highly publicised scandals. A few NIH funded scientists were found to have huge undisclosed investments in drugs they were testing or to have received large “consulting” fees that had not been reported to their universities.3 They were disciplined.

Financial relationships between academia and industry have grown dramatically in recent years. A widely publicised 2009 report on conflicts of interest from the Institute of Medicine documented that growth.4 More than two thirds of academic departments and most department …
Predictors of systolic blood pressure response to treadmill exercise: the Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study.
Authors: M H Criqui, W L Haskell, G Heiss, H A Tyroler, P Green, C J Rubenstein
Journal: Circulation (1983)

We used multiple linear regression to study predictors of systolic blood pressure response (SBPR), i.e., the increase in pressure above baseline after 3, 6, and 9 min of treadmill exercise, in 4262 men and women. Predictors considered were usual SBP, the difference (delta SBP) between resting SBP and SBP immediately before exercise, age, education, obesity index, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, preexercise heart rate and, in women, gonadal hormone use. In men, age, obesity index, and cigarette smoking were positively associated with SBPR and in women 20 to 49 years old, age, obesity index, and alcohol consumption were positively associated with SBPR. In women 50 years old or older, usual SBP was negatively associated with SBPR. In both men and women a larger delta SBP was associated with a smaller SBPR. These results help explain the considerable variation in SBPR, and the delta SBP results suggest that potential SBPR may, to certain extent, have a specific, finite range. The similarity of predictor variables for SBPR to predictor variables for hypertension is concordant with the previous observation that a high SBPR may foreshadow subsequent hypertension.
VALUE OF ELECTROTHERMIC METHODS IN THE TREATMENT OF MALIGNANCY
Authors: GRANT E. WARD
Journal: JAMA (1925)

During the last decade, the successful treatment of cancer has been greatly facilitated by improvements in our physical methods; namely, roentgen ray and radium. General surgeons have paid no little attention to heat, a most potent factor in destroying neoplastic cells without serious damage to surrounding healthy tissues, and with a resultant slowly healing, indolent, sclerotic ulceration, although it has not been universally accepted and used. The reason for the apparent general discard of so powerful a therapeutic agent has undoubtedly been the lack of any efficient apparatus and technic to cause penetration of the heat sufficiently deep to kill the cells at a distance from the point of application. Boiling water, superheated steam and aerocauterization have fallen into disuse because accurate and convenient application is impossible and penetration is limited. Other heat producing apparatus, as the Paquelin and electric cauteries, destroy cells at the point of contact and for
Effects of Enalapril and Nitrendipine on the Excretion of Epidermal Growth Factor and Albumin in Hypertensive NIDDM Patients
Authors: Zeev Josefsberg, Stuart A Ross, Arye Lev-Ran, David L Hwang
Journal: Diabetes Care (1995)

OBJECTIVE To compare the effect of the antihypertensive drugs nitrendipine and enalapril on the excretion of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and albumin in hypertensive non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) subjects. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS After a 4-week washout period, mildly hypertensive (systolic blood pressure [sBP] &amp;gt; 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure [dBP] &amp;gt;90 mmHg) NIDDM patients with albuminuria (15-200 μg/min) were randomized into an 8-month-long therapy with either nitrendipine (n = 11) or enalapril (n = 10). Blood pressure, EGF, and microalbumin excretion were measured at baseline and throughout the treatment period. RESULTS A significant fall in sBP was noticed in the enalapril group and in dBP in the nitrendipine group. In the enalapril group, EGF excretion progressively increased from 188 to 214 nmol/mmol creatinine after 6 weeks and to 274 after 8 months of therapy (P = 0.03). There was a significant fall in albumin excretion while patients were on enalapril, but in the nitrendipine group, neither albuminuria nor EGF excretion changed significantly. There was no correlation of improved EGF excretion with a decrease in albuminuria or BP. CONCLUSIONS The angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril has been effective in decreasing albumin and increasing EGF excretion. Measurement of urinary EGF may provide a new valuable index of renal function.
Hybrid Positron Emission Tomography–Magnetic Resonance Imaging with Gallium 68 Prostate-specific Membrane Antigen Tracer: A Next Step for Imaging of Recurrent Prostate Cancer—Preliminary Results
Authors: Matthias C. Roethke, Timur H. Kuru, Ali Afshar-Oromieh, Heinz-Peter Schlemmer, Boris A. Hadaschik, Michael Fenchel
Journal: European Urology (2013)
Measurement of plasma brain natriuretic peptide level as a guide for cardiac overload
Authors: Y Hirata
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2001)

Objectives: We examined whether measurement of the plasma BNP concentrations might be useful for the early diagnosis of the existence and severity of disease in patients with heart disease in daily clinical practice. Methods and Results: The plasma BNP and ANP concentrations in 415 patients with heart disease and hypertension and 65 control subjects were measured. Patients with heart disease had higher plasma BNP and ANP concentrations than did those with hypertension or control subjects. Among the etiology of cardiac diseases, specifically dilated cardiomyopathy and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, was associated with the highest plasma BNP concentrations, whereas dilated cardiomyopathy was associated with the highest plasma ANP concentrations. Plasma BNP concentrations showed an increase as the severity of the heart disease, as graded according to the NYHA classification of cardiac function, increased. In both patients with heart disease and hypertension, the plasma BNP values were higher in those who had abnormalities in their echocardiogram and electrocardiogram as compared to those without any abnormalities. The plasma BNP levels also showed a significant correlation with left ventricular wall thickness and left ventricular mass. On the other hand, the plasma ANP levels showed significant correlations with left ventricular dimension. Receiver operative characteristic analysis revealed that plasma BNP levels showed substantially high sensitivity and specificity to detect the existence of heart diseases. Conclusion: Measurements of the plasma BNP concentrations is useful to detect the existence of the diseases, and abnormalities of left ventricular function and hypertrophy in patients with heart disease in daily clinical practice.
Incidence of transient nephrotic syndrome during pregnancy in diabetic women with and without pre-existing microalbuminuria.
Authors: G. Biesenbach, J. Zazgornik
Journal: BMJ (1989)

Assessment of patients with fibrositis after treatment with Rhus toxicodendron (ac-tive) and placebo Placebo Active p Value Mean No of tender points 14-1 10-6 <0.005*No of patients with improved pain or sleep (visual analogue scores) 27 53 0-0052t *Wilcoxon rank sum test.tPaircd t test.
P497 DIRECT SEQUENCING OF PROTEIN-C AND -S GENES IN PATIENTS WITH BUDD–CHIARI SYNDROME (BCS), PORTAL-VEIN THROMBOSIS (PVT) AND OBLITERATIVE-PORTAL-VENOPATHY (OPV) AND SUSPICION OF INHERITED PROTEIN-C OR -S DEFICIENCY
Authors: A. Plessier, L. Elkrief, P.E. Rautou, E. Deraucourt, O. Goria, K. Zekrini, L. Boudaoud, D. Valla, M. Alhenc Gelas
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Unsuspected Meningitis Diagnosed by ln-111 Labeled Leukocytes A Case Report
Authors: MICHAEL E. SPIETH, HELEN H. KIM, PATRICK V. FORD
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

Clinically unsuspected bacterial meningitis was found in a patient with fever of unknown origin. Blood and urine cultures were negative for growth. Chest radiography and abdominal CT were negative for infection. Triple-phase bone imaging was performed to rule out osteomyelitis from a gunshot wound. A left posterior iliac crest hot spot may have represented osteomyelitis, but ln-111 labeled leukocyte imaging instead disclosed unsuspected meningitis. The CSF culture after the imaging was positive for Enterobacter aerogenes.
TDOES A CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE REGADENOSON STRESS-RECOVERY PROTOCOL UNDERESTIMATE MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION RESERVE?
Authors: Nicole Martin Bhave, Benjamin Freed, Roberto Lang, Ernest Jamison, Kimberly McCarty, Ade Adeoye, Victor Mor-Avi, Amit Patel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Cutaneous side-effects of treatment of chronic hepatitis C by interferon alfa and ribavirin
Authors: K. Kerl, F. Negro, J. Lubbe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2003)

Journal Article Cutaneous side‐effects of treatment of chronic hepatitis C by interferon alfa and ribavirin Get access K. Kerl, K. Kerl Departments of Dermatology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Negro, F. Negro Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland E‐mail: katrin.bullani‐kerl@hcuge.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Lübbe J. Lübbe Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland E‐mail: katrin.bullani‐kerl@hcuge.ch Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 149, Issue 3, 1 September 2003, Page 656, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05481.x Published: 01 September 2003
Secondary prevention of meningococcal disease
Authors: B.-E. Kristiansen, A.-B. Knapskog
Journal: BMJ (1996)

furthers our understanding of this phenomenon.3By analysing asthma attendances and environmental factors during the epidemic period and the surrounding two months, they noted different patterns of association.The acute epidemic period of 48 hours showed a "classical" rise in attendances, associated with a preceding fall in temperature and substantial change in levels of airborne grass pollen, rising a few hours before the asthma attendance peaked and falling within nine hours.Asthma attendances outside the peroid of the epidemic were associated with a complex and different set of environmental variables, suggesting that the epidemic itself had a unique aetiology.The hypothesis that grass pollen was to blame gains further support from the paper by Wallis et al (p 601).4The observation that 44% of the patients had never previously had asthma strengthens the possibility that there is a group of atopic individuals who are sensitive to grass pollen46 and who react acutely to this seasonal but infrequent interaction of biological and meteorological conditions.Young adults seem to be most affected, a group who are not usually the most frequent attenders at emergency departments.Doctors should be aware of this phenomenon, but it may not merit the "asthma weather alerts" seen on television in Melbourne, Austrialia, last November.Sensationalist portrayals of asthma are a favourite of the mass media," but fuelling the tabloid press is counterproductive to developing a wider understanding of asthma and its prevention.This group of pollen sensitive asthmatic individuals might be further investigated from a clinical perspective, with a view to developing targeted approaches to primary or secondary prevention.
Cytogenetic response induced by interferon alpha in the myeloproliferative disorder with eosinophilia, T cell lymphoma and the chromosomal translocation t(8;13)(p11;q12)
Authors: JA Martinez-Climent, E Vizcarra, I Benet, I Marugan, MJ Terol, C Solano, C Arbona, M Tormo, AM Comes, J García-Conde
Journal: Leukemia (1998)
Assessment of “silent” restenosis and long-term follow-up after successful angioplasty in single vessel coronary artery disease: The value of quantitative exercise electrocardiography and quantitative coronary angiography
Authors: Gertjan Laarman, Hans E. Luijten, Louis G.P.M. van Zeyl, Kevin J. Beatt, Jan G.P. Tijssen, Patrick W. Serruys, Pim J. de Feyter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1990)
Increasing the Value of the State Medical License
Authors: John B. Herman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2010)

In the United States, state licensing boards have the responsibility of guaranteeing the citizens of their state that their physicians are competent to practice medicine. Except when reports of reckless deeds provoke an investigation by the board, physicians are generally relicensed repeatedly on the basis of a simple, self-reported, unverified questionnaire. In an era of increasing emphasis on quality and safety in medicine, I believe that licensing boards can and should assume a more proactive role in assuring the public that a medical license represents a valid certificate of a physician's competence.State licensing boards have developed elaborate, sophisticated processes . . .