tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical predictors of suicide in patients with major affective disorders: a controlled prospective study
Authors: Jan Fawcett, William Scheftner, David Clark, Don Hedeker, Robert Gibbons, William Coryell
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1987)

The authors report prospective uniform clinical data differentiating 25 patients who committed suicide from 929 patients who did not in a group of 954 patients with major affective disorder followed for an average of 4 years in the Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression. Eight (32%) of the suicides occurred within 6 months and 13 (52%) within 1 year of entry into the study. Hopelessness, loss of pleasure or interest, and mood cycling during the index episode differentiated the suicide group. Diagnostic subcategories, suicidal ideation at entry to the study, suicide attempts during current or past episodes, and medical severity of prior attempts did not differentiate the suicide group.
Inhaled corticosteroids in wheezing associated with viral infection in schoolchildren
Authors: P Ehrhardt, I. Doull
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Outcome of pregnancy in women with insulin dependent diabetes Centralisation of care leads to better outcomeEditor-The finding of a persistently poor outcome of pregnancy in women with insulin dependent diabetes in two (northern) English regions is an important statement of the problem. 1 2 Both studies provide figures and show outcomes that are no different from those widely reported in the past.Unfortunately, neither give evidence of any degree of centralisation of obstetric or diabetic care, with on-site neonatal intensive care, although this is a proved means of improving the outcome of pregnancy for diabetic mothers. 3 The St Vincent declaration guidelines on the outcome of pregnancy, referred to in the accompanying editorial (p 263), are based on the Scandinavian reports held up as examples of good practice and state that "an interdisciplinary team should provide centralized diabetic pregnancy care in a hospital treating at least 20-30 cases a year.Pregnant diabetic
QuantiFERON testing in British army recruits
Authors: Rachel Mackley, David Spence
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Our hospital has links with an Army base and investigates recruits for Tuberculosis (TB). Many come from high prevalence areas. Recruits are screened with a Mantoux test. Those with a Mantoux reaction ≥15mm and no previous BCG vaccination are referred for QuantiFERON Gold testing. If positive they are treated for latent TB.  We reviewed referrals over a 2 year period (April 2008 - April 2010) to assess compliance with Army policy and investigate whether referral based on Mantoux reaction alone is warranted.  Demographic data were gathered from Army records. The relationship between a positive QuantiFERON test and a Mantoux reaction of ≥15mm was assessed using a Chi-squared test.  153 cases were identified, 28 were excluded due to insufficient data, leaving a sample of 125. All cases were male. Median age was 21.5 years (range 17-33). For analysis recruits were divided into 4 areas (see table 1).  89 recruits (79%) had a positive QuantiFERON test. There was no significant relationship between QuantiFERON positivity and Mantoux size ≥ 15mm (p=0.0923).  Large numbers of recruits are referred based on their Mantoux results, including many with reactions of 6-14 mm. As there was no significant relationship between the rate of QuantiFERON positivity and Mantoux reaction size ≥ 15mm, referral decisions should not be made on this basis alone.  Further research is warranted to assess the current referral guidelines.
Erythema in Skin Adjacent to Area of Long-term Brimonidine Treatment for Rosacea
Authors: Ryan Gillihan, Tony Nguyen, Ryan Fischer, Anand Rajpara, Daniel Aires
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

no specific evidence of an autoimmune etiology.The patient was advised to discontinue using the brimonidine gel and to follow up in clinic in 1 week.At 1-week follow-up, her symptoms improved dramatically (Figure ,B), leading us to believe that her initial reaction was secondary to long-term brimonidine use.
Gene expression of inflammatory markers in wheezing preschool children; the ADEM study
Authors: Ester M.M. Klaassen, Kim D.G. van de Kant, John Penders, Gertjan M. den Hartog, Shufan Qi, Quirijn Jöbsis, Onno C.P. van Schayck, Gerard H. Koppelman, Guillaume van Eys, Edward Dompeling
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Wheeze affects 20-40% of preschool children. Of all wheezers 30% will have persisting symptoms after the age of six that develop into asthma which is characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Whether airway inflammation is a characteristic of preschool wheezing is poorly documented.

Aim: To assess cross-sectional differences in gene expression of several important inflammatory markers in venous blood cells in preschool children with recurrent wheeze compared to healthy controls.

Methods: In total, 202 children with recurrent wheeze (ISAAC questionnaire ≥2 wheezing episodes) and 50 children without respiratory symptoms, age 2-3 year were selected. Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Gene expression of 21 genes was assessed and corrected for geometric mean of 3 housekeeping genes. Both unadjusted and adjusted (controlling for age, gender, passive smoking and pet exposure) logistic regression analysis was subsequently conducted.

Results: Gene expression was successfully analysed in 223 children. Expression of the catalase gene ( CAT ) showed a statistically significant inverse association with recurrent wheeze (ORadjusted 0.65 (0.48-0.88) p=0.005). Expression of interleukin-17 ( IL17 ) showed a statistically significant positive association with recurrent wheeze (ORadjusted 3.04 (1.33-6.92) p=0.008). None of the other genes showed a significant relationship between gene expression level and recurrent wheeze.

Discussion: A decrease of CAT expression and an increase of IL17 expression was observed in preschool children with recurrent wheeze. This may point towards the importance of different inflammatory pathways in children with preschool wheezing.
Extra-Aortic Balloon Counterpulsation
Authors: Malcolm E. Legget, William S. Peters, F. Paget Milsom, Judith S. Clark, Teena M. West, Renelle L. French, Alan F. Merry
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Current methods of counterpulsation or ventricular assistance have significant vascular and limb complications. The aim of this study was to determine the safety and performance of a new method of non-blood–contacting counterpulsation using an inflatable cuff around the ascending aorta (extra-aortic balloon [EAB]). Methods and Results— In 6 patients undergoing first time off-pump coronary bypass surgery via sternotomy, the EAB was secured around the ascending aorta and attached to a standard counterpulsation console. At baseline and with 1:2 and 1:1 augmentation, hemodynamic and echocardiographic parameters of ventricular function and coronary flow were measured. High-intensity transient signals were measured using transcutaneous Doppler over the right common carotid artery. No complications occurred. With EAB there was no significant change in heart rate or blood pressure and no increase in high-intensity transient signals. There was a 67% increase in diastolic coronary blood flow (mean left-main diastolic velocity time integral 15.3 cm unassisted versus 25.1 cm assisted, P &lt;0.05). Measurements with transesophageal echocardiography at baseline and with 1:1 counterpulsation demonstrated a 6% reduction in end-diastolic area ( P =NS), a 16% reduction in end-systolic area ( P &lt;0.01), a 31% reduction in left ventricular wall stress ( P &lt;0.05), and a 13% improvement in fractional area change ( P &lt;0.005). Conclusions— EAB counterpulsation augments coronary flow and reduces left ventricular afterload. Further testing is warranted to assess the use of the EAB for chronic non-blood–contacting support of the failing heart.
Palliative Effect of Chemotherapy: Objective Tumor Response Is Associated With Symptom Improvement in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer
Authors: Paul Geels, Elizabeth Eisenhauer, Andrea Bezjak, Benny Zee, Andrew Day
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

Because one of the goals of chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer is to provide symptom palliation, we were interested in identifying the relationship between tumor shrinkage and improvement in disease-related symptoms.Three hundred patients enrolled onto a randomized trial of metastatic breast cancer formed the basis of our study. The nine most common baseline symptoms were identified and followed. Changes from baseline (improvement, stable, worsening) were defined using patient responses to a quality-of-life (QoL) questionnaire (the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer EORTC QLQ-C30) as well as using graded toxicity data collected on case report forms (CRFs). The association between symptom improvement and tumor response was assessed using a linear trend test via a logistic regression model.The most commonly reported baseline symptoms were cancer pain in 38% (CRF data) and 81% of patients (QoL data) and tiredness in 26% (CRF data) and 89% (QoL data) of patients. Three symptoms-cancer pain, shortness of breath, and abnormal mood-showed a significant relationship between improvement and objective response, using both CRF and QoL assessments. Constipation, anorexia, and nausea showed a similar trend when QoL data were used but not when CRF information was used. The converse was seen for lethargy. There was no correlation between symptom change and response for cough and insomnia.For some symptoms, we found a significant association between symptom improvement and objective tumor regression. In these cases, symptom improvement was greatest in those patients who had complete or partial responses, followed by those with stable disease and then those with progressive disease. Further work in this area will be useful in determining the surrogate value of objective tumor response in identifying the efficacy of palliative chemotherapy.
Clinical Outcome of Elderly (&gt;70Y) Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
Authors: A. Lanese, A. Bittoni, M. Santoni, K. Andrikou, C. Pellei, A. Conti, P. Bertocchi, A. Brunetti, M. Russano, V. Vaccaro, N. Silvestris, M. Milella, D. Santini, A. Zaniboni, S. Cascinu
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Rapid In Vivo Assay of Mouse Natural Killer Cell Activity&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Carlo Riccardi, Paolo Puccetti, Angela Santoni, Ronald B. Herberman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

A rapid elimination of tumor cells from some organs was detected in mice following iv injection of tumor cells labeld in vitro with [125I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. Recovery of radioactivity in different organs (spleen, liver, and lungs) was reduced in mice with high natural killer (NK) cell reactivity in their spleens, as measured in vitro by concomitant short-term 51Cr release assay. Considerable parallelism between in vitro and in vivo reactivities against two mouse lymphomas and a human myeloid cell line was found in mice of different strains and ages. Similarly, various immunophamacologic treatments had comparable effects on in vitro and in vivo reactivities. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that rapid cytolysis of tumor cells occurred in vivo and that NK cells played a major role in their elimination.
Use of CA-125 to predict survival of patients with ovarian carcinoma. North Thames Cooperative Group.
Authors: G J Rustin, J N Gennings, A E Nelstrop, H Covarrubias, H E Lambert, K D Bagshawe
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1989)

The prognostic value of serum CA-125 measurements was assessed in 54 patients with advanced ovarian adenocarcinoma. All patients received a minimum of two courses of carboplatin as part of the North Thames Cooperative Group trial. With a minimum follow-up of 6 months, 37 patients (69%) have clinical evidence of progressive disease and 28 have died. The absolute prechemotherapy level of CA-125 was of no value in predicting which patients would develop progressive disease. However, the change in CA-125 levels from before chemotherapy to 1 month later, after one course of carboplatin, could be used to divide patients into different prognostic groups. The best discrimination was found by dividing the patients into those who showed a greater than sevenfold decrease in CA-125 levels and those who showed a smaller change. Eight of 14 (58%) patients with a greater than sevenfold decrease in CA-125 levels remain disease-free compared with three of 36 (9%) patients with a lesser fall (P = .0005). The change in CA-125 levels during the first month of chemotherapy may indicate which patients should be offered alternative or symptomatic therapy and which should continue with the currently available toxic chemotherapy.
FOLFIRI plus cetuximab versus FOLFIRI plus bevacizumab as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): Analysis of patients with <i>KRAS</i>-mutated tumors in the randomized German AIO study KRK-0306.
Authors: S. Stintzing, J. Neumann, A. Jung, L. Fischer von Weikersthal, T. Decker, U. Vehling-Kaiser, E. Jaeger, T. Heintges, C. Stoll, D. P. Modest, T. Kirchner, W. Scheithauer, V. Heinemann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

3575 Background: The German AIO study KRK-0306 is a randomized phase III trial that investigates the efficacy and safety of cetuximab plus FOLFIRI versus bevacizumab plus FOLFIRI in the first-line treatment of mCRC. Until September 2008, patients (pts) without knowledge of their KRAS mutational status had been enrolled. Here, results of the subgroup of pts with mCRC carrying a mutated KRAS gene are presented. Methods: Until September 2008, a total of 336 mCRC pts were randomized to FOLFIRI (irinotecan 180mg/m2, folinic acid 400mg/m2, 5-FU 400mg/m2 bolus application, day 1 followed by continuous infusion of 2,400mg/m2 5-FU over 46h q2w) plus cetuximab (400mg/m2 day 1, followed by 250mg/m2 weekly = arm A) or bevacizumab (5mg/kg q2w = arm B). At the time of analysis, KRAS mutation was documented in 96 pts (ITT population). The primary endpoint of this study was objective response rate (ORR). Secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), rate of secondary liver resections, toxicity and safety. Results: Median follow-up was 20.4 months. In pts assessable for treatment efficacy (on treatment until the first tumor assessment) receiving arm A (n=41) versus arm B (n=46), ORR was 43.9% versus 47.8%. In the ITT population PFS was 7.5 months versus 8.9 months, and OS (56% of events occurred) was 21.1 months versus 16.8 months, respectively, indicating no significant differences between the two treatment arms (HR 1.12). A total of 8 pts (8.3%) reached surgical resectability for metastases. The most common grade 3/4 toxicities (arm A versus arm B) were exanthema (20% versus 0%), hypertension (8% versus 21.7%) and thromboembolic events (10% versus 19.5%). In arm A skin rash grade 1-4 was associated with a trend towards longer PFS (7.6 versus 3.5 months, logrank p=0.108). 60-day mortality rate was 1%. Conclusions: In this analysis of KRAS mutated pts, no significant differences with regard to efficacy could be observed between pts receiving chemotherapy plus cetuximab versus bevacizumab.
Resilient, Green… and Healthy <b>Resilient Cities: Responding to Peak Oil and Climate Change</b> . <i>By Peter Newman, Timothy Beatley, and Heather Boyer</i> . Washington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 166 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-498-3, $60 <b>Green Urbanism Down Under: Learning from Sustainable Communities in Australia</b> . <i>By Timothy Beatley with Peter Newman</i> . Washington, DC:Island Press, 2009. 264 pp. ISBN: 978-1-59726-411-2 <b>,</b> $70 
Authors: Howard Frumkin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)
A randomized phase III trial comparing bexarotene/carboplatin/paclitaxel versus carboplatin/paclitaxel in chemotherapy-naive patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Authors: G. R. Blumenschein, F. Khuri, U. Gatzemeier, W. H. Miller, J. von Pawel, J. R. Rigas, R. S. Herbst, Z. Dziewanowska, A. Negro-Vilar, M. Mabry
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

LBA7001 Background: Targretin (bexarotene) is a rexinoid that selectively activates RXR receptors which modulate functions associated with differentiation, inhibition of cell growth, apoptosis and metastasis. Data from four Phase I and Phase II studies suggest that combining bexarotene with chemotherapy in patients with first-line NSCLC may prolong survival. This randomized, prospective Phase III trial was performed to determine the survival benefit of adding bexarotene to carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy in patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods: 612 chemo-naive NSCLC patients with Stage IIIb disease with pleural effusion or Stage IV disease, who were performance status ECOG 0–1, and had normalized triglyceride levels at study entry were enrolled. This study size will allow detection of a 30% survival improvement in the bexarotene treatment arm. Patients were stratified by disease stage and gender prior to randomization to bexarotene capsules (400 mg/m2/day) with carboplatin/paclitaxel or carboplatin/paclitaxel alone. Overall survival distribution (primary endpoint) between the arms will be analyzed by stratified log-rank test. Secondary endpoint is the one-year survival rate. Safety assessments were conducted. Efficacy and safety data will be mature and available in March, 2005. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Ligand AstraZeneca, Genentech, Ligand, Lilly Oncology, Roche Ligand Amgen, AstraZeneca, Genentech, Ligand, Lilly Oncology, Pierre Fabre, Roche Amgen, AstraZeneca, Genentech, Genta, Ligand, Lilly Oncology, Roche Ligand
European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) Fungal Infection Study Group (EFISG) and European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) 2013 joint guidelines on diagnosis and management of rare and emerging fungal diseases
Authors: O.A. Cornely, M. Cuenca-Estrella, J.F. Meis, A.J. Ullmann
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Symptom burden in cancer survivors 1 year after diagnosis: A report from the American Cancer Society's studies of cancer survivors.
Authors: Q. Shi, T. Smith, J. D. Michonski, K. Stein, C. Kaw, C. S. Cleeland
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

9041 Background: Cancer survivors are at risk for persistent symptoms stemming from cancer and its treatment, but few studies have assessed the status of multiple symptoms after completion of cancer therapy. We describe symptom burden (SB), associated risk factors, and impact on quality of life (QoL) in a population-based sample of one-year cancer survivors. Methods: Cancer survivors were sampled from 11 state cancer registries and surveyed by telephone or mail approximately one year after diagnosis. Among 4,903 respondents who completed the Modified Rotterdam Symptom Checklist (RSCL-M) and Profile of Mood States-37 (POMS-37), 4,511 reported having symptoms. A two-step cluster analysis further divided those reporting symptoms into two subgroups: those with either low (n = 2,925) or high (n = 1,586) SB. Logistic regression identified medico-demographic risk factors for high SB. In survivors with high SB, symptom profiles were described using factor analysis. The impact of SB on QoL was estimated via ordered logistic regression with the QoL item from the Satisfaction with Life Domains Scale (SLDS) as the dependent variable. Results: Risk factors for high SB were: age less than 55 (OR = 1.92), lower income (OR = 1.62), lower education (OR = 1.30), uninsured/Medicaid (OR = 1.92), ≥1 comorbid condition (OR = 2.15), and previous chemotherapy (OR = 1.36). In survivors with high SB, factor analysis identified 7 factors among RSCL-M items, with fatigue and pain being the most severe. Among POMS-37 subscale items, fatigue and tension were the most severe. QoL was worse in survivors with high SB than in survivors with low SB (p<0.001), with pain and depression-related symptoms having the greatest impact on QoL. Conclusions: One in three cancer survivors reported high SB. Fatigue, pain, and depression were predominant among those with higher SB. The risk factors for high SB described above identified the groups of survivors most in need of symptom-management planning. High SB reported by survivors with minimal health insurance may have health policy implications. The negative impact of SB upon overall QoL underscores the importance of symptoms among survivors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
The effect of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic respiratory failure other than COPD
Authors: Guilherme Silva, Maria Tereza Morano, Amanda Araújo, Natália Bitar, Cynthia Viana, Daniela Mont'alverne, Rafael Mesquita, Eanes Pereira
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background : Patients with chronic respiratory failures other than COPD often present reduced exercise tolerance, peripheral muscle dysfunction and quality of life. Nowadays pulmonary rehabilitation programs are important strategies in the managing these patients.   Objective : This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) in patients with chronic respiratory failure other than COPD.   Methods : It was performed a retrospective study with 26 patients that participated in the PR program at Messejana9s Hospital in Ceara (Northeastern Brazil) from 2011 and 2013. Six-minute walk test (6MWT) and quality of life through Short-form36 (SF36), were evaluated before and after 12 weeks of the PR. The patients performed aerobic physical training, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength training.   Results: The study includedpatients withbronchiectasis (n=13), pulmonary arterial hypertension (n=4), cifoscoliosis (n=4), pulmonary fibrosis (n=1), Asthma (n=1), cystic fibrosis (n=1), nemaline myopathy (n=1), pompe syndrome (n=1). After 12 weeks of PR there was was a significant improvement in physical component summary of quality of life (p=0.009) and in the 6MWT distance (p=0.002).   Conclusion: Pulmonary rehabilitation improves quality of life and physical capacity in patients with chronic respiratory failure other than COPD.
Postoperative pyoderma gangrenosum (PG): The Mayo Clinic experience of 20 years from 1994 through 2014
Authors: Stanislav N. Tolkachjov, Aodhnait S. Fahy, David A. Wetter, Kevin R. Brough, Alina G. Bridges, Mark D.P. Davis, Rokea A. el-Azhary, Marian T. McEvoy, Michael J. Camilleri
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)