tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Relating the new COPD GOLD strategy to quality-of-life and costs in a primary care population
Authors: M Boland, A Tsiachristas, A Kruis, N Chavannes, M Rutten-van Molken
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Objectives:  To investigate the association of the new GOLD with costs, disease-specific and generic health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) and compare this with the old GOLD.  Methods:  We selected COPD patients from electronic medical records of the general practices (ER-GP). The patients were interviewed by a research nurse and filled in a questionnaire. Lung function tests and medication prescription was obtained from the ER-GP. Generalized linear mixed models were created with costs (medication, primary care, healthcare, societal), disease specific (CCQ and SGRQ) and generic (SF-36 and EQ-5D) HR-QoL as independent variables. Either the new or the old GOLD stages were included in the model, as well as several covariates (age, gender, living situation, co-morbidity, self-efficacy, smoking, education, employment).  Results:  611 patients from 28 clusters of general practice teams were included: 333 GOLD-A, 110 GOLD-B, 80 GOLD-C and 88 GOLD-D. The new GOLD classification was stronger related to costs, disease specific and generic HR-QoL than the old classification (Aikaike information criterion was lower and proportion of explained variance higher). Mean CCQ score worsens significantly with 1.04 (GOLD-B), 0.4 (GOLD-C) and 1.21 (GOLD-D) compared to GOLD-A. Healthcare costs per patient were significantly higher in GOLD-B (72%), GOLD-C (74%) and GOLD-D (131%) as compared with GOLD-A patients.  Conclusion:  The new GOLD strategy showed a better association with costs, disease-specific and generic HR-QoL than the old strategy. In this primary care population GOLD-C patients had a better HR-QoL than GOLD-B patients, whereas costs did not differ.
Serological surveillance for Penicillium marneffei infection in HIV-infected patients during 2004–2011 in Guangzhou, China
Authors: Y.-F. Wang, H.-F. Xu, Z.-G. Han, L. Zeng, C.-Y. Liang, X.-J. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, J.-P. Cai, W. Hao, J.F.-W. Chan, M. Wang, N. Fu, X.-Y. Che
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Abstract 18622: Protein Kinase C Binding Protein 1 Dampens the Response to Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 Alpha in the Heart
Authors: Chad B Walton, David R Veal, Chrisy Mafnas, Keith A MacCannell, Ralph V Shohet
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The response to hypoxia in tissues is regulated by the heterodimeric transcription factor hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). We have investigated the effects of stable HIF-1 in the heart by expres...
Comparative effectiveness of intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), proton therapy (PT), and conformal radiation therapy (CRT) in the treatment of localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Nathan Christopher Sheets, Gregg Goldin, Anne-Marie Meyer, Yang Wu, YunKyung Chang, Til Sturmer, Jordan A Holmes, Bryce B. Reeve, Paul Alphonso Godley, William Ruffin Carpenter, Ronald C. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2012)

3 Background: Comparative effectiveness research is urgently needed in prostate cancer because of the rapid adoption of newer and costlier radiation treatments such as IMRT and PT despite limited demonstrated benefit compared to prior technologies. We compared the morbidity and disease control outcomes of IMRT, PT and the older CRT for primary prostate cancer treatment. Methods: Population-based study using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked data from 2000 through 2009 for patients with non-metastatic prostate cancer. Propensity score adjustment was used to balance demographic, disease and institutional characteristics. Rates of morbidity (gastrointestinal, urinary, erectile dysfunction, hip fractures) and additional cancer therapy (surrogate for recurrence) were calculated. Results: IMRT use increased from 0.15% in 2000 to 95.9% in 2008. In propensity score-adjusted analyses, men who received IMRT vs. CRT were less likely to be diagnosed with GI morbidity (13.4 vs. 14.7 per 100 person-years, p&lt;0.001) and hip fractures (0.8 vs. 1.0, p=0.006), but more likely to be diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (5.9 vs. 5.3, p=0.006). IMRT patients were less likely to receive additional cancer therapy (2.5 vs. 3.1, p&lt;0.001). In a propensity-score matched comparison between PT and IMRT, PT patients had a higher rate of GI morbidity (17.8 vs. 12.2 per 100 person-years, p&lt;.001). No significant differences in rates of other morbidities or additional therapies between PT and IMRT. Conclusions: IMRT vs. CRT was associated with less GI morbidity and hip fractures, more erectile dysfunction, and less need for additional cancer therapy. This large-scale population-based study is the first to suggest a simultaneous reduction in disease recurrence and morbidity in patients treated with IMRT vs. CRT for localized prostate cancer. Proton therapy did not significantly improve outcomes compared to IMRT, but had increased GI morbidity. These results provide new and long-needed information to decision-makers regarding the currently available evidence on the comparative effectiveness of different RT techniques.
Video-thoracoscopic pericardial window: Is it safe and effective for pericardial effusion?
Authors: Ichiro Sakanoue, Hiroshi Hamakawa, Ei Miyamoto, Yutaka Takahashi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Pericardial effusion (PE) is a common finding in chronic cardiac failure or other benign and malignant diseases, but its spectrum ranges from mild asymptomatic effusions to cardiac tamponade. Although Video-Thoracoscopic Pericardial Window (VTPW) is a surgical option for PE, it requires thoracoscopic surgical manners. However, there is few data regarding to its safeness and effect.

Objectives: To investigate whether the VTPW might improve the outcome in PE.

Methods: Retrospectively, the surgical indication, pre- and postoperative factors, recurrence and survival rate after VTPW were assessed. From June to October 2012, 6 subjects, who were diagnosed by echocardiography before the VTPW, were enrolled in this study.

Results: The operation time was 52.8 ± 17min. (mean ± SD), and there was no intra- or postoperative complication related with surgical procedure. Ejection Fraction rate (EF ratio) and cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) were improved (Fig. 1).

![Figure][1] 



Symptoms caused by PE (e.g. leg edema, dyspnea on effort) were improved, and diuretics were discontinued in some patients. No recurrence of PE has been observed. There was one case of in-hospital death due to malignant disease progression.

Conclusions: VTPW might is safe and effective approach in the surgical management of PE.

 [1]: pending:yes
Acute Inflammation Rapidly Increases Plasma Biopterins and Impairs Endothelial Function: A Novel Role of Plasma Tetrahydrobiopterin as a Marker of Acute Inflammation
Authors: Alexios S Antonopoulos, Charalambos Antoniades, Dimitris Tousoulis, Michael Demosthenous, Regent Lee, Jennifer Bendall, Antigoni Miliou, Charalambos Vlachopoulos, Keith M Channon, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is a co-factor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), essential for the maintenance of its enzymatic coupling. Although vascular BH4 is positively associ...
Prognostic value of EGFR mutation in NSCLC in surgical stage
Authors: Ana Gonçalves, Ana Antunes, Sergio Campainha, Ana Barroso, Sara Conde, José Miranda, Bárbara Parente
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: EGFR mutation, has been recognized as a prognostic and predictive factor of response to treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cells lung carcinoma (NSCLC) at advanced stages, however little is known about their prognostic value in operable disease.  Objective: Evaluate if the presence of EGFR mutation influences the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with NSCLC in surgical stage  Methods: Retrospective study conducted by consulting patients clinical files between 01/01/2006 to 31/12/2012, in which the study of EGFR mutation was performed and maintained in follow-up until 31/12/2013. Data analyzed: demographic, smoking history, diagnostic, EGFR, surgery and complications; PFS and OS.  Results: 63 patients (70% men), 14.3% EGFR positive. Mean age: 62.06 (+ / - 10.62) years. 27% non-smokers, 35% smokers and 38% former smokers. Histology: adenocarcinoma (81%), squamous (12.7%) and large cell (6.3%). EGFR positive population presented a median PFS of 62.8 months and wild type patients of 44.4 months (p = 0.595). Mean OS in EGFR positive was 77.2 months and in wild type patients was 69.9 months (p = 0.309).  EGFR mutation was not associated with increased OS or PFS according to the following OR ((SLP) 1.07 95% CI 0.2 to 5, OR (SG): 8 95% 0, 3 to 24). When we evaluated the PFS according to the pathological stage, we see that the early stages are associated with an increased PFS (p = 0.011).  Discussion: In our series, in patients with surgical stage, pathological stage of the disease appears to have a greater prognostic value for relapse than mutational status of EGFR. EGFR mutation was not associated with an increase in PFS or OS in patients with NSCLC in surgical stage.
Risk stratification in autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases: Opportunities for clinicians and trialists
Authors: Palak J. Trivedi, Christophe Corpechot, Albert Pares, Gideon M. Hirschfield
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are infrequent autoimmune cholestatic liver diseases, that disproportionate to their incidence and prevalence, remain very important causes of morbidity and mortality for patients with liver disease. Mechanistic insights spanning genetic risks and biological pathways to liver injury and fibrosis have led to a renewed interest in developing therapies beyond ursodeoxycholic acid that are aimed at both slowing disease course and improving quality of life. International cohort studies have facilitated a much greater understanding of disease heterogeneity, and in so doing highlight the opportunity to provide patients with a more individualized assessment of their risk of progressive liver disease, based on clinical, laboratory, or imaging findings. This has led to a new approach to patient care that focuses on risk stratification (both high and low risk); and furthermore allows such stratification tools to help identify patient subgroups at greatest potential benefit from inclusion in clinical trials. In this article, we review the applicability and validity of risk stratification in autoimmune cholestatic liver disease, highlighting strengths and weaknesses of current and emergent approaches. (H epatology 2016;63:644–659)
Phase I trial of docetaxel administered as a 1-hour infusion in children with refractory solid tumors: a collaborative pediatric branch, National Cancer Institute and Children's Cancer Group trial.
Authors: S M Blaney, N L Seibel, M O'Brien, G H Reaman, S L Berg, P C Adamson, D G Poplack, M D Krailo, R Mosher, F M Balis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE A phase I trial of docetaxel was performed to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), the dose-limiting toxicities, and the incidence and severity of other toxicities in children with refractory solid tumors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-four children received 103 courses of docetaxel administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion every 21 days. Doses ranged from 55 to 150 mg/m2, MTD was defined in heavily pretreated and less heavily pretreated (&lt; or = 2 prior chemotherapy regimens, no prior bone marrow transplantation [BMT], and no radiation to the spine, skull, ribs, or pelvic bones) patients. RESULTS Dose-related neutropenia was the primary dose-limiting toxicity. The MTD in the heavily pretreated patient group was 65 mg/m2, but the less heavily pretreated patients tolerated a significantly higher dose of docetaxel (maximum-tolerated dose, 125 mg/m2). Neutropenia and constitutional symptoms consisting of malaise, myalgias, and anorexia were the dose-limiting toxicities at 150 mg/m2 in the less heavily pretreated patients. Thrombocytopenia was not prominent, even in patients who experienced dose-limiting neutropenia. Common nonhematologic toxicities of docetaxel included skin rashes, mucositis, and mild elevations of serum transaminases. Neuropathy was uncommon. Peripheral edema and weight gain were observed in two of five patients who received more than three cycles of docetaxel. A complete response (CR) was observed in one patient with rhabdomyosarcoma, a partial response (PR) in one patient with peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PPNET), and a minimal response (MR) in two patients with PPNET. Three of the four responding patients were treated at doses &gt; or = 100 mg/m2. CONCLUSION The recommended phase II dose of docetaxel administered as a 1-hour intravenous infusion in children with solid tumors in 125 mg/m2. Because neutropenia was the dose-limiting toxicity and thrombocytopenia was mild, further escalation of the dose should be attempted with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) support.
Sixty seconds on . . . high fructose corn syrup
Authors: Zosia Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Oh no. High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) has been demonised as the ingredient above all others that’s to blame for the epidemics of obesity and diabetes.

Some people certainly think so. It’s got more fructose than is delivered by standard sugar once it hydrolyses (60% versus 50%), but the jury is still out on the relevance of this. There’s also a theory that HFCS is …
The effect of polymethylmethacrylate, silicone, and polyacrylic intraocular lenses on posterior capsular opacification 3 years after cataract surgery11The authors have no proprietary interest in the products described in this article.
Authors: Emma J Hollick, David J Spalton, Paul G Ursell, Milind V Pande, Sarah A Barman, James F Boyce, Kate Tilling
Journal: Ophthalmology (1999)
Diversity of carbapenemases in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Croatia—the results of a multicentre study
Authors: V. Zujić Atalić, B. Bedenić, E. Kocsis, A. Mazzariol, S. Sardelić, M. Barišić, V. Plečko, Z. Bošnjak, M. Mijač, I. Jajić, M. Vranić-Ladavac, G. Cornaglia
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Asthma control and quality of life in Europe: Results of the cross-sectional phase of the LIAISON (InternationaL cross-sectIonAl and longitudinal assessment on aSthma cONtrol) study
Authors: Fulvio Braido, Daniele Guastalla, Eleonora Ingrassia, Gabriele Nicolini, David Price, Nicolas Roche, Joan B. Soriano, Heinrich Worth
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

RATIONALE: The goal of asthma management is to achieve and maintain optimal asthma control, which can be assessed using composite measures.

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the level of asthma control and quality of life in asthmatics in 12 European countries (AU, BE, DE, ES, FE, GR, HU, IT, NL, PL, TR, UK).

METHODS: LIAISON is a prospective, observational study with a cross-sectional phase (completed) and a 12-month longitudinal phase (ongoing). Adult patients with a diagnosis of asthma since at least 6 months receiving the same asthma treatment in the 4 weeks before enrolment, were included. Asthma control was assessed with the 6-item Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) and asthma-related quality of life with the Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (Mini-AQLQ) during a visit.

RESULTS: From May 2012 till Oct 2013, 8181 asthmatics were recruited by respiratory specialists in 153 centres. In only 43% of the 8119 evaluable patients, asthma was well controlled (see graph and table).

![Figure][1] 



The Mini-AQLQ scores showed that well controlled patients had a better quality of life than partly controlled and uncontrolled asthmatics (mean score 6.1 [SD 0.72], 5.3 [SD 0.78] and 4.1 [SD 0.96], respectively, all p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONS: The majority of asthmatics in Europe have not reached optimal control of the disease as recommended by current guidelines.

 [1]: pending:yes
An Urgent Call to Address the Deadly Consequences of Serious Mental Disorders
Authors: Shuichi Suetani, Harvey A. Whiteford, John J. McGrath
Journal: JAMA Psychiatry (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Psychiatry HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Psychiatry journal
Role of Radioactive Iodine for Adjuvant Therapy and Treatment of Metastases
Authors: Jacqueline Jonklaas
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2007)

Normal thyrocytes and thyroid cancer cells are characterized by possession of a sodium iodide symporter. Radioiodine administration is a unique and powerful means of treating differentiated thyroid cancer because of the ability of thyroid cancer cells to concentrate beta-emitting radiolabeled iodine. Several manipulations, such as iodine depletion and thyroid hormone-stimulating hormone elevation, are used to enhance uptake of radiolabeled iodine by tumor cells. Adjuvant radioiodine therapy, given to patients without evidence of residual disease, enhances the sensitivity of subsequent surveillance and may decrease recurrence rates and mortality. However, its exact role in the management of low-risk patients merits further investigation. In contrast, radioactive iodine therapy used in patients with residual or metastatic disease clearly improves outcomes. Several studies show decreased recurrence and mortality rates in patients treated with radioiodine compared with those not receiving radioactive iodine. Adverse events from radioiodine therapy include salivary gland dysfunction, bone marrow suppression, and reproductive disturbances. Side effects of radioiodine therapy are generally greater when higher activities of radioiodine are used and may be transient or permanent. Secondary malignancies also may occur after radioiodine therapy. These side effects must be weighed against potential benefits, especially when radioactive iodine is used as adjuvant therapy. Stimulation of the expression of the sodium iodide symporter, or its introduction de novo into nonthyroid cells, is promising in treating poorly differentiated thyroid cancer and nonthyroid malignancies, respectively.
The SUV39H1 inhibitor chaetocin induces differentiation and shows synergistic cytotoxicity with other epigenetic drugs in acute myeloid leukemia cells
Authors: Y-S Lai, J-Y Chen, H-J Tsai, T-Y Chen, W-C Hung
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Epigenetic modifying enzymes have a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methylation of lysine 9 on histone H3 by the methyltransferase G9a and SUV39H1 is associated with inhibition of tumor suppressor genes. We studied the effect of G9a and SUV39H1 inhibitors on viability and differentiation of AML cells and tested the cytotoxicity induced by combination of G9a and SUV39H1 inhibitors and various epigenetic drugs. The SUV39H1 inhibitor (chaetocin) and the G9a inhibitor (UNC0638) caused cell death in AML cells at high concentrations. However, only chaetocin-induced CD11b expression and differentiation of AML cells at non-cytotoxic concentration. HL-60 and KG-1a cells were more sensitive to chaetocin than U937 cells. Long-term incubation of chaetocin led to downregulation of SUV39H1 and reduction of H3K9 tri-methylation in HL-60 and KG-1a cells. Combination of chaetocin with suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA, a histone deacetylase inhibitor) or JQ (a BET (bromodomain extra terminal) bromodomain inhibitor) showed synergistic cytotoxicity. Conversely, no synergism was found by combining chaetocin and UNC0638. More importantly, chaetocin-induced differentiation and combined cytotoxicity were also found in the primary cells of AML patients. Collectively, the SUV39H1 inhibitor chaetocin alone or in combination with other epigenetic drugs may be effective for the treatment of AML.
Abstract 1631: Exclusion of Coronary Artery Stenosis by Non-invasive Coronary Angiography Using Multislice Computed Tomography Determines a Good Long-term Prognosis in Patients With Chest Pain - Follow-Up Study in 1017 Patients
Authors: Peter Steinbigler, Eike Böhme, Carla Weber, Andreas Czernik, Jürgen Buck, Ralph Haberl
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Long-term prognosis following exclusion of coronary artery stenosis by noninvasive coronary angiography using multislice computed tomography (MSCT) up to now has not been determined. We therefore performed noninvasive coronary angiography using MSCT (Philips Brilliance, 4 – 64 slices, retrospective ECG gating, 0.625mm collimation, 0.4sec gantry rotation time) in 1017 consecutive patients (657 male, 360 female, age 64±11years, 240 patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD)) referred to MSCT-study with chest pain. Patients with acute coronary syndromes, stents, atrial fibrillation and calcium scores &gt; 1500 were not included. Based on MSCT results invasive study was recommended or not. All patients or the referring clinician were contacted by telephone or mail at least 6 months after their scan. Diagnostic image quality could be obtained in 992/1017 (98%) patients. In 620 of 992 patients (=63%) coronary artery stenosis could be excluded and invasive study was not recommended. Despite these recommendations invasive study was performed due to other clinical indications in 83/620 patients within &lt; 30 days and in 43/537 patients within &gt; 30days after the scan. Only in 13/126 patients stenoses &gt;50% were found but no treatment was necessary. During the mean follow-up period of 612±192days 7/620 patients died but no patient suffered from cardiac death or acute myocardial infarction. In 372 of 992 patients invasive coronary angiography was recommended and performed in 230 patients (n=167 within &lt; 30days, n=63 within &gt;30days). In 165/230 patients stenoses &gt;50% were found, treated by angioplasty or stents in 139/165 patients. During the mean follow-up period of 602±161days 11/372 patients died, two patients suffered from sudden, two patients from non-sudden cardiac death and one patient survived acute myocardial infarction. Thus, exclusion of coronary artery stenoses by noninvasive coronary angiography using multislice computed tomography determines a good lomg-term prognosis in patients with chest pain.