tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Role of comorbidities on mortality in patients hospitalized for COPD exacerbations
Authors: Aurelio Arnedillo, Mercedes Sanchez-Bommatty, Antonio Hidalgo-Molina, Fernando Romero-Valero, Juan Jose Fernandez-Berni, Cayo Garcia-Polo, Mercedes Merino-Sanchez, Antonio Leon-Jimenez
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Comorbidities can play a role in mortality among patients with hospitalization for COPD exacerbation (COPDE) and after these hospitalizations.  Objective: To assess the influence of comorbidities on mortality in patients hospitalized for COPDE and during 3-years follow up after hospitalization.  Methods: prospective, observational study of patients hospitalized for COPDE between June 2009 and May 2010, and during 3 years follow-up after hospitalization. We recorded in-hospital mortality for COPDE and the whole mortality during 3 years follow-up. Demographic variables, GOLD stage, arterial blood gases and blood analysis, use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), basal MRC dyspnea scale and comorbidities, including Charlson index were recorded.  Results: we studied 177 patients hospitalized for COPDE. The mortality rate was 15.8% (28 patients). The global mortality during the 3 years was 20.3% (36 patients). In both groups, the mean age was significantly higher in patients that died, and they have more dyspnea, higher GOLD stage and PaCO 2 , more number of comorbidities, required more NIV, and have lower hemoglobin levels. In the 3 years follow-up the mortality was higher in patients the used more long term oxygen therapy and those with higher Charlson index. In multivariate analysis the need for NIV was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality, and hemoglobin and Charlson index were significantly associated with the whole 3 years follow-up mortality.  Conclusions: The need for NIV was associated with higher in-hospital mortality for COPDE. The whole 3 years mortality after hospitalization for COPD exacerbation was associated with higher Charlson index and lower hemoglobin levels.
The Persistence of Hippocampal-Based Memory Requires Protein Synthesis Mediated by the Prion-like Protein CPEB3
Authors: Luana Fioriti, Cory Myers, Yan-You Huang, Xiang Li, Joseph S. Stephan, Pierre Trifilieff, Luca Colnaghi, Stylianos Kosmidis, Bettina Drisaldi, Elias Pavlopoulos, Eric R. Kandel
Journal: Neuron (2015)
Daily physical activity across COPD risk groups
Authors: Stefanie Zogg, Selina Dürr, Sabrina Maier, Esther Helen Steveling, David Miedinger, Jörg Daniel Leuppi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: The new COPD classification into risk groups promoted by the revised GOLD guidelines allows a combination of spirometer-based classification and symptom estimation using COPD assessment test (CAT) or Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale.  Aims: This study aimed to examine physical activity (PA) across COPD risk groups based on CAT and mMRC and to test their interrater agreement.  Methods: In this cross-sectional study conducted at the University Hospital Basel (CH), 78 patients with stable COPD (57.7% male, age 66.6±9.7yrs) were investigated and classified into risk groups A to D using CAT A (n=27), B (n=36), C (n=1) and D (n=14) and using mMRC A (n=10), B (n=47), C (n=0) and D (n=14). Risk groups C and D were combined for statistical analysis. To test the interrater agreement, Cohen’s Kappa was calculated. PA was measured by the SenseWear Mini Armband on 7 days. Daily number of steps, time spent in PA above 3 METs (PA3), active energy expenditure (AEE) and PA level (PAL) were analysed.  Results: The interrater agreement between CAT and mMRC was found to be good (kappa=0.73). Moreover, CAT and mMRC showed a strong correlation (r=0.47, p  Conclusions: This study provides evidence that daily PA is impaired in severe COPD risk groups compared to mild ones. Moreover, mMRC dyspnea scale might be a shorter alternative to CAT.
Febrile seizures and generalized epilepsy associated with a mutation in the Na+-channel ß1 subunit gene SCN1B
Authors: Robyn H. Wallace, Dao W. Wang, Rita Singh, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Alfred L. George, Hilary A. Phillips, Kathrin Saar, Andre Reis, Eric W. Johnson, Grant R. Sutherland, Samuel F. Berkovic, John C. Mulley
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)
Construction of Autologous Human Heart Valves Based on an Acellular Allograft Matrix
Authors: Serghei Cebotari, Heike Mertsching, Klaus Kallenbach, Sawa Kostin, Oleg Repin, Aurel Batrinac, Carmen Kleczka, Anatol Ciubotaru, Axel Haverich
Journal: Circulation (2002)

Objective Tissue engineered heart valves based on polymeric or xenogeneic matrices have several disadvantages, such as instability of biodegradable polymeric scaffolds, unknown transfer of animal related infectious diseases, and xenogeneic rejection patterns. To overcome these limitations we developed tissue engineered heart valves based on human matrices reseeded with autologous cells. Methods and Results Aortic (n=5) and pulmonary (n=6) human allografts were harvested from cadavers (6.2±3.1 hours after death) under sterile conditions. Homografts stored in Earle’s Medium 199 enriched with 100 IU/mL Penicillin-Streptomycin for 2 to 28 days (mean 7.3±10.2 days) showed partially preserved cellular viability (MTT assay) and morphological integrity of the extracellular matrix (H-E staining). For decellularization, valves were treated with Trypsin/EDTA resulting in cell-free scaffolds (DNA-assay) with preserved extracellular matrix (confocal microscopy). Primary human venous endothelial cells (HEC) were cultivated and labeled with carboxy-fluorescein diacetate-succinimidyl ester in vitro. After recellularization under fluid conditions, EC were detected on the luminal surfaces of the matrix. They appeared as a monolayer of positively labeled cells for PECAM-1, VE-cadherin and Flk-1. Reseeded EC on the acellular allograft scaffold exhibited high metabolic activity (MTT assay). Conclusions Earle’s Medium 199 enriched with low concentration of antibiotics represents an excellent medium for long time preservation of extracellular matrix. After complete acellularization with Trypsin/EDTA, recellularization under shear stress conditions of the allogeneic scaffold results in the formation of a viable confluent HEC monolayer. These results represent a promising step toward the construction of autologous heart valves based on acellular human allograft matrix.
Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity in Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases and with Normal Leukocyte Subpopulations
Authors: S. Ozden Sanal, Rebecca H. Buckley
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

To gain insight into a possible role for antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in vivo, we examined the ability of leukocytes from 28 patients with primary immunodeficiency and from 20 normal controls to lyse three different types of antibody-coated targets in vitro. Mean cytotoxic indices ±1 SD elicited by unfractionated mononuclear cells from normal controls were 28.74±13.26 for human HLA antibody-coated lymphocyte targets, 42.79±8.27 for rabbit IgG antibody-coated chicken erythrocyte targets, and 47.58±10.34 for human anti-CD (Ripley)-coated O+ erythrocyte targets. Significantly (P=<0.05) lower than normal mean cytotoxic indices against lymphocyte targets were seen with effector cells from 10 patients with X-linked agammaglobulinemia (3.7±4.33), in 10 with common variable agammaglobulinemia (16.05±7.74), in 3 with immunodeficiency with hyper IgM (18.41±4.88), and in 2 with severe combined immunodeficiency (3.94±0.3). Antibody-dependent cytotoxicity against chicken erythrocytes was significantly (P=<0.05) lower than normal only in the common variable agammaglobulinemic group (33.33±12.3) and against human erythrocytes only in the common variable (34.36±9.59) and hyper IgM (27.54±0.66) groups. Rosette and anti-F(ab′)2 depletion studies with normal leukocytes indicated that a nonadherent, nonphagocytic, non-Ig-bearing, non-C receptor-bearing, Fc receptor-bearing lymphocyte was the only effector capable of lysing HLA antiboyd-coated lymphocyte targets. Patients with infantile X-linked agammaglobulinemia and severe combined immunodeficiency appear to have a marked deficiency in this type of effector cell function.
Abstract 4743: Angiogenic Cytokine-conjugated Injectable Hydrogel Stabilized a Cardiac Infarct, Increased Blood Vessel Density and Improved Function
Authors: Jun Wu, Faquan Zeng, Xiping Huang, Jennifer Chung, Filip Konecny, Richard D Weisel, Ren-Ke Li
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction: We synthesized a novel, temperature-sensitive, aliphatic polyester hydrogel: [Poly (δ-valerolactone)-block-poly (ethylene glycol)-block-poly (δ-valerolactone) (PEG-PVL)]. This polymer...
Intensive postremission chemotherapy without maintenance therapy in adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Dutch Hemato-Oncology Research Group.
Authors: A W Dekker, M B van't Veer, W Sizoo, H L Haak, J van der Lelie, G Ossenkoppele, P C Huijgens, H C Schouten, P Sonneveld, R Willemze, L F Verdonck, W L van Putten, B Löwenberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE To investigate the value of intensive consolidation chemotherapy not followed by maintenance therapy in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). MATERIALS AND METHODS A multicenter phase II trial was conducted in 130 adult patients with ALL between 16 and 60 years of age. After standard induction therapy, postinduction chemotherapy was given: three courses of high-dose cytarabine (2,000 mg/m2 every 12 hours for four doses) in combination with amsacrine (course one), mitoxantrone (course two), and etoposide (course three). CNS prophylaxis consisted of 10 injections of intrathecal methotrexate (IT MTX). Patients younger than 50 years with an HLA-identical sibling were eligible to receive allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). RESULTS Ninety-five patients (73%) achieved complete remission (CR); 82% were younger than 50 years and 41% were older than 50 years. Seventeen patients (13%) were resistant to chemotherapy, and 18 (14%) died during induction treatment. Only age and performance status were significantly associated with response (P&lt;.001 and .03, respectively). Death during consolidation occurred in four patients. The estimated 5-year overall survival (OS) was 22% for the entire group and 26% for patients younger than 35 years. Disease-free survival (DFS) at 5 years was 28% +/- 6 for patients younger than 35 years, 25% +/- 9 for patients between 35 and 50 years, and 0% for patients older than 50 years. Increasing age (P&lt;.01) and expression of CD34 (P&lt;.01) were adverse factors. Only three patients (3%) developed an isolated CNS relapse. CONCLUSION Intensive consolidation including high-dose cytarabine not followed by maintenance therapy provides an outcome for adult patients with ALL that may be worse or even inferior compared with studies using long-term maintenance therapy. High-dose cytarabine in combination with IT MTX was effective for CNS prophylaxis.
Livedoid vasculopathy secondary to high levels of lipoprotein(a)
Authors: R. Vasconcelos, P.R. Criado, W. Belda
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Funding sources: none. Conflicts of interest: none declared. Madam, Livedoid vasculopathy (LV) was first described by Bard and Winkelmann in 1967.1 It is characterized by a long history of recurrent painful ulcerations of the feet and legs2 and scar lesions named atrophie blanche.3 LV is a thrombotic (occlusive) vasculopathy of the small vessels of the lower extremities.3 Histology shows microthromboses and/or segmental hyalinization of the subendothelial intimal layer of blood vessels of the middle and lower dermis.3 Its exact aetiology remains uncertain, but thrombotic and microcirculatory phenomena have been implicated as possible pathogenic factors.3, 4 Several thrombophilic conditions have been reported to be associated with LV (Table 1).2–7 We report two patients with LV secondary to high levels of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]. Patient 1 was a 29‐year‐old white woman, referred to us because of recurrent painful ulcerations in the legs associated with extensive livedo racemosa on her upper and lower limbs. There were several shallow ulcerations in the malleolar regions, necrosis and crusts (Fig. 1). She had previously been treated with oral aspirin and pentoxifylline without response. Skin biopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis of LV. Results of extensive laboratory testing for the established abnormalities associated with LV were all negative, including thrombophilic states [factor V G1691A gene mutation (Leiden), prothrombin G20210A gene mutation, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) mutation and homocysteinaemia, protein C and/or protein S deficiency, antithrombin III deficiency, anticardiolipin antibodies, lupus anticoagulant], hepatitis B and C infection and autoimmune diseases. We introduced oral warfarin and international normalized ratio (INR) was maintained at 3. One week after the treatment onset, the pain ceased. Total healing of the cutaneous ulcerations was obtained after the third month under warfarin therapy. After this, ulcerations relapsed twice, but on both occasions the INR was below the therapeutic level (2–3) and the patient quickly responded after that level was reached. Because of the recent description of an association between LV and elevated levels of Lp(a),6 we reviewed the case and found an increased level of Lp(a) (51 mg dL−1; normal < 30).
Associations between Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Sleep Duration, and Abnormal Fasting Glucose. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jessie P. Bakker, Jia Weng, Rui Wang, Susan Redline, Naresh M. Punjabi, Sanjay R. Patel
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Rationale: No data exist as to the role of ethnicity in the associations between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), sleep duration, and metabolic dysfunction.Objectives: To examine links between OSA, objectively measured habitual sleep duration, and fasting glucose in U.S. ethnic groups.Methods: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis is a multisite community-based study that conducted polysomnography and wrist actigraphy. In 2,151 subjects (1,839 in fully adjusted models), the apnea–hypopnea index was used to classify OSA as none (0–4.9/h), mild (5–14.9/h), or moderate to severe (≥15/h). Actigraphic sleep duration was classified as short (≤5 h/night), intermediate (>5 and <8 h/night), or long (≥8 h/night). Subjects were classified as having normal fasting glucose (<100 mg/dl and no hypoglycemic medication use) or abnormal fasting glucose (≥100 mg/dl and/or hypoglycemic medication use).Measurements and Main Results: The sample was 45.8% male, age 68.5 ± 9.2 (mean ± SD) years, and 27.3% African American, 37.2% white, 11.8% Chinese, and 23.8% Hispanic. The prevalence of abnormal fasting glucose was 40.2%. Relative to subjects without apnea, moderate-to-severe OSA was significantly associated with abnormal fasting glucose in African Americans (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–4.08) and white participants (odds ratio, 2.85; 95% confidence interval, 1.20–6.75), but not among Chinese or Hispanic subjects, after adjusting for site, age, sex, waist circumference, and sleep duration (P = 0.06 for ethnicity-by-OSA severity interaction). In contrast, sleep duration was not significantly associated with abnormal fasting glucose after considering the influence of OSA.Conclusions: This large multiethnic study confirmed previous reports of an independent association between OSA and metabolic dysfunction, and suggested that this association may vary by ethnicity.
Cardiac output by direct Fick, thermodilution and modelflow in pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Frédéric Lador, Gilles Garcia, Aurélien Bringard, Guido Ferretti, Paola M. Soccal, Gérald Simonneau, Philippe Hervé, Olivier Sitbon
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  The direct Fick (dF) is the reference method for cardiac output (CO) measurements but Thermodilution (TD) is widely used in pre-capillary PH (pcPH) evaluation.  Aim  To compare, CO from dF (COFick), TD (COTD) and the Modelflow method applied to non-invasive pulse pressure profiles (COMF) .  Methods  We determined CO in pcPH patients at rest. COTD as the mean of 3 values, COMF of 100 beat-by-beat values, and COFick simultaneously.  Results  Patients characteristics are in the table. The figure shows (A) COMF against COFick (B) COMF - COFick against their mean (Bias: 0.7; Limits of agreement (LoA): -1.08/+2.48). (C) COTD against COFick . (D) COTD - COFick against their mean (Bias: -0.20; LoA: -2.55/+2.15).  Conclusion  MF showed better correlation and precision than TD when compared to dF. Calibration with a reference method is needed to improve accuracy.
Does thoracic irradiation improve survival and local control in limited-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung? A meta-analysis.
Authors: P Warde, D Payne
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE Our main purpose was to determine whether the addition of thoracic radiation therapy to systemic chemotherapy improves 2-year survival, improves local (intrathoracic) tumor control, and affects treatment-related mortality in patients with limited-stage small-cell carcinoma of the lung. DESIGN Eleven randomized trials addressing this issue were identified using a computerized literature search (Medline and Cancerline) and by polling senior investigators in the field. A meta-analysis was then performed and the results of the trials were analyzed in two ways, the odds ratio (OR) (Peto) method and the risk difference method (Dersimonian and Laird). RESULTS The overall OR for benefit of thoracic radiation on 2-year survival (ie, the odds of surviving 2 years among patients allocated to radiation compared with the odds of surviving 2 years among patients allocated to control) is 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30 to 1.76; chi 2 = 12.76; P less than .001). The risk difference method showed that radiation therapy improved 2-year survival by 5.4% (95% CI, 1.1% to 9.7%). Local control results were available for only nine studies, the OR for treatment benefit is 3.02 (95% CI, 2.80 to 3.24; chi 2 = 101.48; P less than .0001), and intrathoracic tumor control was improved by 25.3% (95% CI, 16.5% to 34.1%). The OR for excess treatment-related deaths in the thoracic radiation-treated patients was 2.54 (95% CI, 1.90 to 3.18; chi 2 = 8.24; P less than .01). The risk difference for treatment-related deaths was 1.2% (95% CI, -0.6% to 3.0%). CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows a small but significant improvement in survival and a major improvement in tumor control in the thorax in patients receiving thoracic radiation therapy. However, this is achieved at the cost of a small increase in treatment-related mortality.
Impact of an hand held ultrasound machine (HHUSM) in pulmonologist's clinical hospital practice: Experience of nine months
Authors: Michele Gallo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: HHUSM utilization is spreading outside radiology department at the point of care to guide some procedures and to assist clinical evaluation.  Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of HHUSM utilization in the pulmonologist9s hospital practice.  Methods: An ultrasound report was written by the P after each examination Thoracic ultrasound evaluation (TUSE); a database was created after nine months. This database was analized to deduce the impact of HHUSM in pulmonologist9s practice.  Results: Data are summarized in Table 1: 146 TUSE were analized; 108 were used in the clinical setting of lung opacities in the chest X ray and ultrasound assisted thoracentesis. According to the pulmonologist9s Knowledge, 38 TUSE were applied in critical care setting.  Conclusion: HHUSM utilization is really important in several clinical situation. Limitations of tecnique were the operator9s knowledge and the standardisation of the skillfulness outside radiology department.Waiting for gold standard examination HHUSM utilization could help in clinical procedures and decisions when applied al point of care.
The elderly subjects with asthma (ELSA) study. Asthma in subjects ≥65 yrs and its overlap with COPD
Authors: Manlio Milanese, Angelo Corsico, Nicola Scichilone, Fabiano Di Marco
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

“ Asthma in older adults is an increasingly serious health issue and its overlap with COPD has yet to be adequately addressed in management approaches ” (from PG Gibson et al. Lancet 2011).  Therefore we performed a 6-month observational study on this topic (ELSA Study, N=16 center, n=320 asthmatic subjects). The presence of chronic bronchitis and/or CO diffusion impairment were considered criteria for the diagnosis of overlap with COPD.  Results are summarized below. Patients with COPD overlap (27%) were less controlled than asthmatic subjects (18±4 vs 20±4 ACT score, p
Onset of Neoplastic Phenotype in an Epithelial Cell Strain From Adult BALB/c Mouse Lung Alveolus&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G J Smith, F A Bennett, J G Steele, J M Bentel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1986)

Prolonged culture of NAL1A in 1 microM dexamethasone (CAS: 50-02-2) at low passage numbers resulted in the emergence of a morphologically altered and malignant cell strain, NAL1AM. (NAL1A was derived from lungs of normal adult female inbred BALB/c mice and exhibits several characteristics of epithelial cells.) A clone of NAL1A, B5, was shown to undergo a spontaneous morphologic alteration during culture in normal medium to resemble NAL1AM and cells of NUL1, a strain cultured directly from urethane (CAS: 51-79-6)-induced adenomas of mouse lung. Whereas NAL1A did not form colonies in soft agar, the clone B5 of NAL1A as well as NAL1AM and NUL1 showed quite high anchorage-independent growth (colony-forming efficiency, 6.3-7.8%). Compared with NAL1A cells, clone B5, NAL1AM, and NUL1 each exhibited a ninefold-reduced level of cellular binding of epidermal growth factor.
Delayed Hypersensitivity to Chemically Induced Tumors in Mice and Correlation With an <italic>In Vitro</italic> Test<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>
Authors: W. J. Halliday, Mary Webb
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1969)

Tumors induced in CBA mice by 3-methylcholanthrene were used to confer delayed hypersensitivity on other mice of the same strain. Two methods of sensitization were successful: 1) surgical removal of a transplanted growing tumor and 2) administration of a disrupted tumor vaccine with Freund's adjuvant. Living tumor cells prepared in various ways (but not disrupted cells or extracts) elicited typical delayed cutaneous reactions when injected into the foot pads of sensitized mice; these reactions were tumor specific. Hypersensitivity in vivo was correlated with specific susceptibility to the inhibition of peritoneal cell migration in vitro.