tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of early discharge, hospital at home schemes
Authors: M Montalto, M L Grayson, D. A Seamark, C. J Seamark, S. Shepperd, C. Jenkinson, D. Harwood, A. Gray, M. Vessey, P. Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Editor—Richards et al’s and Shepperd et al’s definitions of what constitutes hospital in the home care are problematic.1,2 Richards et al described hospital in the home as “a generic term, referring to a package of home based nursing and rehabilitation services,” while Shepperd et al restricted the eligible groups of patient to patients older than 60 with five broadly defined conditions. 

Our concern with these studies is that patients seem to have been selected on the basis of their clinical condition and its burden on the hospital rather than on the basis that their acute hospital based treatment could be appropriately delivered at home. We also wonder whether the selection of conditions for study was determined by the presence of validated research instruments

The appropriate definition of hospital in the home is one in which the patient requires treatment that, without the presence of a hospital in the home delivery system, would otherwise require care in hospital. Substitution of hospital in the home care for acute hospital care is the critical element. In the above papers, the length of stay data showed that the hospital in the home component was additional to the hospital stay rather than a substitute for it.

It is a pity that both papers chose not to consider non-British publications in their discussions, since considerable activity has occurred outside Britain. In Australia hospital in the home programmes provide acute treatment such as intravenous treatment (giving antibiotics, chemotherapy, inotropes, blood products), giving dalteparin for deep venous thrombosis, and complex postoperative wound care.3–5 Increasingly, patients are admitted to hospital in the home care directly from the emergency department and are considered inpatients in every sense other than that their care is provided at home.5 The hospital retains clinical, fiscal, and legal responsibility for the pharmaceutical input, medical supervision, and nursing care of hospital in the home patients.

Without firm clinical definitions to ensure substitution, cost comparisons are of little value. Most descriptive studies, however, have found cost savings with hospital in the home care if patients are selected carefully.5

The challenge for the future of hospital in the home is to determine which types of treatment in which patient groups can be safely, effectively, and acceptably managed at home and which are the best models for delivering quality outcomes. Trials will need to be clear about the nature of the intervention if they are to be helpful in the future.
Roesmary and cancer prevention: Preclinical perspectives
Authors: Suong Ngo, Desmond Williams, Lynne Cobiac, Richard Head
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Centennial Conference: Translational Cancer Medicine-- Nov 4-8, 2007; Singapore

B8 

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in Australia. Environmental factors play important roles in the multiple-stage process of CRC and nutritional intervention has been reported to have a major role in its prevention. Particularly, vegetables and certain plant components, have been found to possess protective effects on CRC. Recently, there has been a growing research interest in rosemary, a common household plant grown in many parts of the world, & its constituents.    The aim of this study was to evaluate and provide an overview of scientific evidence from all studies conducted over the last decade that examined effects of rosemary on cancer.    The Medline and Pubmed databases were searched for studies published in English, from May 1996 to July 2007, that compared rosemay/rosemary constituents to a control.    Preclinical evidence from animal & cell culture studies points to the anticancer properties of rosemary extract and its constituents carnosol, carnosic acid (CA), ursolic acid (UA), and rosmarinic acid (RA). No studies have reported anticancer activity of other constituents of rosemary including caffeic acid. The anticarcinogenic and anti-tumorigenic properties appear to arise through dose-related changes in a number of molecular events associated with cancer. It appears that the described mechanisms are not tissue specific, as evidenced by the ability of rosemary to block tumours not only in the colon, but only in the breast, liver, stomach, melanoma and leukemia cells.    The results described here suggested that molecular targets modulated by rosemary and its constituents are useful indicators of success in clinical cancer chemo-prevention trials.
Cockcroft-Gault Versus Modification of Diet in Renal Disease
Authors: Chiara Melloni, Eric D. Peterson, Anita Y. Chen, Lynda A. Szczech, L. Kristin Newby, Robert A. Harrington, W. Brian Gibler, E. Magnus Ohman, Sarah A. Spinler, Matthew T. Roe, Karen P. Alexander
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
Anti–B-Cell Monoclonal Antibody Treatment of Severe Posttransplant B-Lymphoproliferative Disorder: Prognostic Factors and Long-Term Outcome
Authors: Malika Benkerrou, Jean-Philippe Jais, Véronique Leblond, Anne Durandy, Laurent Sutton, Pierre Bordigoni, Jane Luce Garnier, Jérôme Le Bidois, Françoise Le Deist, Stéphane Blanche, Alain Fischer
Journal: Blood (1998)
Multicenter phase II trial of gefitinib first-line therapy followed by chemotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Preliminary results. A study of the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK)
Authors: G. D’Addario, D. Rauch, R. Stupp, R. Stahel, M. Pless, N. Mach, K. Rufibach, J. Petersen, D. C. Betticher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

7128 Background: The tyrosine-kinase inhibitor gefitinib has single agent activity in the 2nd and 3rd line treatment of advanced NSCLC. In this prospective multicenter phase II trial we evaluate the response, response duration and tolerance of gefitinib first-line therapy in advanced NSCLC patients (pts) not requiring immediate chemotherapy at time of diagnosis, followed by cisplatin/gemcitabine at disease progression. Methods: A total of 63 pts with untreated inoperable NSCLC stage IIIB and IV were treated with oral gefitinib 250 mg/day with restagings at week 6, 12, 18 and every 12 weeks thereafter. At disease progression, gefitinib was stopped and chemotherapy started with gemcitabine 1250 mg/m2 (30 min. infusion) d1 and 8 and cisplatin 80 mg/m2 d 1 every 3 weeks for up to 6 cycles. Main endpoint was the rate of disease stabilization (DS = CR + PR + SD) after 12 weeks of gefitinib. Results: Accrual lasted from Nov 2003 until Oct 2004. We present a planned interim analysis of the gefitinib treatment-phase in 24 pts. Patient characteristics: 16 males and 8 females, median age 58 years (range 49 - 85), 5 stage IIIB and 19 stage IV, performance status 0/1 in 15/9 pts, 3 never smokers. 13 adenocarcinomas (including 3 bronchioloalveolar), 6 squamous cell, 4 large cell carcinomas and 1 not classifiable NSCLC. Toxicities grade III: pain in 3 pts, fatigue 2 pts, diarrhea 1 pt, pneumonia 1 pt. No grade IV/V toxicities. Response: at restaging after 5–6 weeks of gefitinib therapy, DS in 12 pts (50%) with 2 PR (8%). At 10–12 weeks DS in 10 pts (41%) with PR and CR in 1 pt each (8%). The median observation time is 4.1 months with a median time to PD under gefitinib of 3.3 months. Conclusions: We observed an encouragingly high rate of disease stabilizations with gefitinib first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC pts including one CR in a female never-smoking pt with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Gefitinib was well tolerated. Studies of molecular biology and quality of life are being performed. Gefitinib first-line therapy could be an attractive strategy in patients who do not require immediate chemotherapy. Updated results will be presented. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Funding Expert Testimony Other Remuneration AstraZeneca Switzerland, Lilly Switzerland AstraZeneca Switzerland AstraZeneca Switzerland, Lilly Switzerland
Setting diagnostic thresholds for social phobia: considerations from a community survey of social anxiety
Authors: M B Stein, J R Walker, D R Forde
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1994)

The goal of this study was to gain a broader perspective on social anxiety in the community than has been achieved by epidemiologic surveys to date.The authors conducted a telephone survey of social anxiety among 526 randomly selected respondents in a medium-sized Canadian city.Sixty-one percent of the respondents reported being much or somewhat more anxious than other people in at least one of the seven social situations surveyed. Speaking to a large audience (i.e., public speaking) was the most frequently feared situation (endorsed by 55.0% of the respondents), followed by speaking to a small group of familiar people (24.9%), dealing with people in authority (23.3%), attending social gatherings (14.5%), speaking to strangers or meeting new people (13.7%), and eating (7.1%) or writing (5.1%) in front of others. When the threshold for caseness was systematically modified--by altering the required level of psychosocial interference or distress or by including or excluding subjects with pure public speaking phobia--the rate of "social anxiety syndrome" in the community varied from 1.9% to 18.7%; 7.1% was the prevalence when the criteria were set to conform with DSM-III-R.Social anxiety is common in the community, but precise delineation of the prevalence of "social phobia" depends heavily on where the diagnostic threshold is set. If DSM-III-R criteria had been applied in previous epidemiologic studies, it is likely that those studies would have documented prevalences of social phobia that are several times as high as the currently accepted rates.
A Study of β-Acetylglucosaminase and Acid Phosphatase in Pathological Joint Fluids
Authors: J. C. Caygill, D. A. Pitkeathly
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1966)

The criteria of the American Rheumatism Association (Ropes, Bennett, Cobb, Jacox, and Jessar, 1959) were used to grade patients with rheumatoid arthritis.Blood samples were obtained from more than half the patients, and also from a control group of 22 persons with a similar age and sex distribution who were either members of staff or hospital patients with fractures. Assay ofEnzymesThe synovial fluid was collected in oxalate tubes and centrifuged as soon as possible after joint aspiration and in all cases on the day of aspiration.It was found that centrifugation at 25,000 G. for 20 min.was necessary to 137
Abstract 20934: Ivabradine Is Safe and Efficient for the Treatment of Stable Angina Pectoris in Octogenarians
Authors: Ralf Koester, Jan Kaehler, Thomas Meinertz
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives:  The REDUCTION multicentre study evaluated the efficacy and safety of ivabradine in stable angina in routine clinical practice. In patients over 80 years (octogenarians) there is an increased incidence of bradycardia due to age-related alteration of the sinus node, AV node and of the conduction system. In this subgroup analysis, the efficacy and safety of ivabradine was evaluated in octogenarians.   Methods:  382 octogenarians with chronic stable angina pectoris were followed for a mean of 4 months. Patients were treated with ivabradine twice daily (bid) in flexible doses (2.5, 5 or 7.5 mg bid). After baseline evaluation two consecutive visits were conducted after 1 and 4 months. At each visit doses could be increased to further reduce heart rate. Heart rate (HR) during rest, the number of angina attacks, nitrate consumption, overall efficacy and tolerance according to the physicians judgement were evaluated.   Results:  382 octogenarians (intention to treat, mean age 83 ± 2.9 years, 42.3% male) with chronic stable angina pectoris were analyzed. 45% of the patients had undergone a PCI or CABG before and 35% had a myocardial infarction in their history. Almost all patients received concomitant standard medication. At baseline, mean HR was 82.8 ± 15.5 bpm and 81% of patients had at least one angina attack per week. Overall a mean of 3.0 ± 4.6 angina attacks per week were reported and consumption of short-acting nitrates was 4.2 ± 5.1 units per week. After 4 months of treatment, ivabradine reduced HR by 11.9 ± 12 bpm in a mean dose of 9.4 mg per day. The number of angina attacks was reduced by 73% and nitrate consumption by 74%, respectively. Four pts (1.0%) reported suspected adverse drug reactions (ADR). In one patient a syncope occured. The patient completely recovered. There was no symptomatic bradycardia reported. For 95% of patients physicians considered the efficacy of ivabradine as “very good/good”. For 99% of patients the tolerance was rated as “very good/good”.   Conclusions:  The results demonstrate the efficacy of ivabradine in reducing heart rate, number of angina attacks and nitrate consumption in octogenarian patients. The treatment of angina pectoris with ivabradine was effective, safe and was very well tolerated without relevant bradycardia.
Abstract 16628: The Uncoupling Protein 2: The New Metabolic Switch in Human Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Audrey Courboulin, Mathilde Chapolard, Maria-Helena Jacob, Denis Richard, Sébastien Bonnet
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by vascular lesions and obstructions of the distal pulmonary arteries (PA). This phenotype is associated with metabolic unbalance ...
Increase in Reports ofStrongyloidesInfection — Los Angeles County, 2013–2014
Authors: Curtis Croker, Rosemary She
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2015)

During the 1990s, reports of infection with the nematode (roundworm) Strongyloides stercoralis submitted to the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health (LACDPH) ranged from 40 to 50 per year, but by 2000, reports had decreased to five per year; in 2006, Strongyloides infection was removed from the LACDPH reportable disease list. Currently, it is only reported at the discretion of Los Angeles County clinicians and laboratories as an unusual disease occurrence. LACDPH currently only monitors case counts and does not investigate reported Strongyloides cases. During 2013-2014, an increase in Strongyloides cases occurred, with 43 cases reported.
Reduced Fibrinogen Survival in Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Robert L. Jones, Charles M. Peterson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Fibrinogen survival and turnover were examined in 15 adult-onset diabetic patients. 125I-labeled fibrinogen was prepared from each patient during the period of poor carbohydrate control, or hyperglycemic period, and fibrinogen survival determined. Improved control was established in each patient and during this euglycemic period, fibrinogen survival was determined simultaneously with 125I-fibrinogen saved from the hyperglycemic period and 131I-labeled fibrinogen prepared from the patient during the euglycemic period. The results confirm reduced fibrinogen survival in hyperglycemic diabetic patients and demonstrate reversal of the fibrinogen abnormality when euglycemia is achieved. The results of the double-label experiments in the euglycemic period suggest that the fibrinogen molecule is not altered functionally and that an abnormal plasma or vascular environment is a more likely basis for reduced fibrinogen survival during hyperglycemia. Electrophoretic and chromatographic experiments demonstrated no gross chemical differences between the fibrinogens prepared from the hyperglycemic and euglycemic periods and normal fibrinogen. Fibrinogen survival gave a better correlation with serial glucose measurements than with correction of hemoglobin AIc levels indicating that the reduced fibrinogen survival noted in diabetics is a rapidly reversible phenomenon.
Update: outbreak of Rift Valley fever -- Saudi Arabia August-November 2000.
Authors: H. Arishi, A. Ageel, M. A. Rahman, A. Al-Hazmi, A. R. Arishi, B. Ayoola, C. Menon, J. Ashraf, O. Frogusin, L. Ochia, F. Sawwan, M. Al-Hazmi, M. Almaradni, M. Y. Shah, A. As-Sharif, M. Al-Sayed, A. R. Ageel, A. Shihry, Al-Khobar, A. Abudahish, A. Al-Sharif, I. Al-Hazmi, Al-Quenfadah, A. A. Alrajhi, M. A. Al-Hedaithy, A. . Fatani
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2000)

First cases of hemorrhagic fever affecting humans and animals  confirmed as Rift Valley fever (RVF) were reported to the  Ministry of Health (MOH) in Saudi Arabia in September 2000.  This  report provides updated information on the ongoing investigation  conducted by the Saudi Arabian MOH.  As of November 1 516  suspected case-patients with severe RVF were identified including  87 (17%) persons who have died.  Of the 216 suspected  case-patients tested 206 (95%) revealed either viral antigen or  immunoglobulin M antibody.  The median age of suspected  case-patients was 46 years (range: 1-95 years); the majority were  males Saudi citizens and came from the southwestern province of  Jahan.  The mean duration of onset to hospitalization was 3.3  days and average time elapsed from disease onset among 87  fatalities was 6.3 days.  Moreover 125 (76%) of 165 case-patients  reported close contact with animals and 91 (64%) of 143 reported  a history of exposure to dead and/or aborted animals.  Nearly all  persons reported having had mosquito bites.  Entomologic studies  revealed two species of mosquitoes Culex tritaeniorrhynchus and  Aedes caspius which have already been found to carry RVF virus.   Further investigation suggests involvement of additional Aedes  species.  A correlation was found between areas where human cases  were reported and the same flood irrigation farming identified by  entomologists.
Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis in hispanic women - Indiana, 2006-2008.
Authors: M. Goldman, H. M. Selke, I. Pardo, S. E. Clare, R. E. Emerson, J. F. Howell, W. J. Shieh, S. Zaki, C. Sanchez, R. L. Sinkowitz-Cochran, A. Srinivasan, M. Jhung, T. J. Chester, M. Ritchey, V. G. Jarquin, E. Meites
Journal: MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (2009)
Reducing harm through quality improvement
Authors: Brenda Reiss-Brennan, Lucy A Savitz, Pascal Briot, Wayne Cannon
Journal: BMJ (2008)

The growing problem of binge drinking among young women is one that must be dealt with at a societal level, says <b>Ian Gilmore</b> (doi: 10.1136/bmj.39520.716863.94). Nevertheless, doctors can make a difference at an individual level, and <b>Brenda Reiss-Brennan and colleagues</b> describe one US quality improvement intervention in primary care
Coccidioidomycosis in Travelers Returning From Mexico--Pennsylvania, 2000
Authors: J. Zurlo, T. Crook, W. Green, J. Adams, C. Freer, J. Ratner, N. M'ikanatha, J. Rankin, L. Stetson, S. Yeager, D. Pappagianis
Journal: JAMA (2000)
Azurophilic Granules of Human Neutrophilic Leukocytes Are Deficient in Lysosome-Associated Membrane Proteins but Retain the Mannose 6-Phosphate Recognition Marker
Authors: A.-M. Cieutat, P. Lobel, J.T. August, L. Kjeldsen, H. Sengeløv, N. Borregaard, D.F. Bainton
Journal: Blood (1998)
P0635 : Chronic hepatitis B treatment individualization by means of serum HBsAg and Mir-B-Index kinetics
Authors: D. Cavallone, F. Oliveri, P. Colombatto, B. Coco, P. Ciccorossi, V. Romagnoli, B. Cherubini, F. Moriconi, B. Ferruccio, M.R. Brunetto
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Abstract 2298: Are Non-Invasive Tests Useful in the Identification of Low Risk Post-Infarction Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction? A 11 Years Follow-Up
Authors: Simona Sarzi Braga, Raffaella Vaninetti, Rossella Raimondo, Roberto F Pedretti
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The potential role of non invasive testing, combined with left ventricular ejection fraction, in the optimization of the selection criteria for ICD therapy in patients with left ventricular dysfunc...
Abstract 12225: First-in-man Experience With Intracoronary Infusion of Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells in the Treatment of Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The Apollo Trial
Authors: Henricus J Duckers, Jaco Houtgraaf, Robert Jan van Geuns, Bas D van Dalen, Evelien Regar, Wim van der Giessen, Peter de Jaegere, Carl Schultz, Michael Martin, Alexander Milstein, Francisco J Fernandez-Aviles, Patrick W Serruys
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Autologous adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs) can be readily obtained from subcutaneous adipose tissue in sufficient amount for therapy. The abundance of adipose tissue in patients and the higher frequency of adult stem cells per unit mass allows for fast isolation of cells in less than two hours. This allows for treatment during the same procedure as the harvest of the adipose tissue and can thus be appended to a primary PCI of an AMI. Methods: APOLLO is a prospective, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled first-in-man cell therapy study that enrolled 14 patients to determine the safety and feasibility of ADRCs delivered via the intracoronary route in the treatment of patients with a STEMI. Following standard liposuction and cell isolation, patients were randomly assigned 3:1 to receive intracoronary infusion of 20x106 ADRC or placebo within 24 hrs after the primary PCI. Results: At 6 months, SPECT imaging demonstrated a marked improvement in myocardial perfusion defect and an ...
Abstract 221: Inhibition Of Wild Type P66shca In Cardiac Myocytes Prevents Hyperglycemia Induced Oxidative Stress And Promotes The Survival Phenotype
Authors: Ashwani Malhotra, Virendra S Yadav, Himanshu Vashistha, Maha Abdellatif, Leonard G Meggs
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Hyperglycemia and diabetes mellitus (DM) are associated with an exponential increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. Phosphorylation of wild type (WT) p66ShcA protein at a c...
The Distribution and &lt;italic&gt;in Situ&lt;/italic&gt; Growth Pattern of Injected Rat Marrow in X-Irradiated Mice&lt;xref ref-type="author-notes" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Peter C. Nowell, Leonard J. Cole, Patricia L. Roan, John G. Habermeyer
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1957)

Journal Article The Distribution and in Situ Growth Pattern of Injected Rat Marrow in X-Irradiated Mice Get access Peter C. Nowell, Peter C. Nowell Division of Biological and Medical Sciences, U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory, San Francisco, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Leonard J. Cole, Leonard J. Cole Division of Biological and Medical Sciences, U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory, San Francisco, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Patricia L. Roan, Patricia L. Roan Division of Biological and Medical Sciences, U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory, San Francisco, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar John G. Habermeyer John G. Habermeyer Division of Biological and Medical Sciences, U. S. Naval Radiological Defense Laboratory, San Francisco, California Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 18, Issue 1, January 1957, Pages 127–143, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/18.1.127 Published: 01 January 1957 Article history Received: 11 September 1956 Published: 01 January 1957
Assessment of Post-Procedural Aortic Regurgitation After TAVR
Authors: Hirotsugu Mihara, Kentaro Shibayama, Hasan Jilaihawi, Yuji Itabashi, Javier Berdejo, Hiroto Utsunomiya, Robert J. Siegel, Raj R. Makkar, Takahiro Shiota
Journal: JACC. Cardiovascular imaging (2015)
The Two Common Mutations Causing Factor XI Deficiency in Jews Stem From Distinct Founders: One of Ancient Middle Eastern Origin and Another of More Recent European Origin
Authors: Hava Peretz, Avital Mulai, Sali Usher, Ariella Zivelin, Avihai Segal, Zahavi Weisman, Moshe Mittelman, Hannah Lupo, Naomi Lanir, Benjamin Brenner, Ofer Shpilberg, Uri Seligsohn
Journal: Blood (1997)