tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Japan's plan to monitor medical mishaps means alerting police
Authors: Joe Lamar
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The Japanese health and welfare ministry is drawing up new rules to deal with medical malpractice in response to a rising number of accidents at hospitals. In the first plan of its type, the ministry will spell out procedures for reporting unexpected deaths or injuries among patients receiving treatment.

Depending on the degree to which medical staff might be considered responsible, hospitals will be obliged to follow one of three courses of action. If there is a clear causal link between treatment and death or injury, hospitals must file a report to police. If there is a suspicion …
RECENT ADVANCES IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors: G E WAKERLIN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1949)

Article1 August 1949RECENT ADVANCES IN THE PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT OF ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSIONG. E. WAKERLIN, Ph.D., M.D., F.A.C.P.G. E. WAKERLIN, Ph.D., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-31-2-312 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptBy essential hypertension, of course, is meant chronic hypertension of unknown cause. Approximately 90 per cent of all hypertensions seen clinically belong to this group. The hypertensions of known causes include those associated with nephritis, pyelonephritis, renal anomalies, renal tumors, pheochromocytomas, adrenal cortical tumors, pituitary basophilism, coarctation of the aorta, and certain lesions of the central nervous system. The exact mechanism of the increase in arterial blood pressure in even this latter group, however, is definitely known only in the case of pheochromocytomas; viz., an increased secretion of epinephrine. Nevertheless, clinical differentiation of these hypertensions from essential hypertension is vitally...References GOLDRINGCHASIS WH: Hypertension and hypertensive disease, 1944, Commonwealth Fund, Oxford Press. Google Scholar PAGECORCORAN IHAC: Arterial hypertension, 1945, Year Book Publishers, Chicago. Google Scholar BRAUN-MENENDEZ E (translated by L. DEXTER): Renal hypertension, 1946, C. C. Thomas, Springfield. Google Scholar Transactions of the First Conference on Factors Regulating Blood Pressure, Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, April 24-25, 1947, New York, N. Y. Google Scholar Transactions of the Second Conference on Factors Regulating Blood Pressure, Josiah Macy, Jr. Foundation, January 8-9, 1948, New York, N. Y. (in press). Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Chicago, Illinois*Received for publication October 30, 1948.From the Department of Physiology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Sympathektomie beim Hochdruck und ihre Ergebnisse 1 August 1949Volume 31, Issue 2Page: 312-318KeywordsAortaBlood pressureCentral nervous systemEpinephrineHypertensionLesionsNephritisPathogenesisPheochromocytomaPyelonephritis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1949 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract P356: Relationship between Serum Cystatin C, Body Mass Index and All-Cause Mortality in Adults with Normal Renal Function
Authors: Muhammad Amer, Bryan H Curry
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Cystatin C (Cys-C) is a sensitive biomarker of renal function and an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (ACM) in patients with chronic kidney and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although higher levels of Cys-C are associated with increased body mass index (BMI), the interplay between serum Cys-C, BMI and ACM in adults with normal renal function is unknown. Methods: Utilizing data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2002), analysis was conducted on participants (≥18 years) with normal renal function [glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥90 ml/min)]. BMI (kg/m2) was categorized as Normal (BMI:18.5-24.9); Overweight (BMI:25-29.9); Obese (BMI &gt;30), while Cys-C (mg/L) was categorized into weight based quartiles [Q1:&lt;0.72(ref); Q2: ≥0.72-0.80; Q3: ≥0.80-0.89; Q4: ≥0.89]. Mortality information was obtained from the National Death Index using probabilistic matching. Cox proportional hazards models (and associated 95% CI’s) estimated the likelihood of ACM by Cys-C quartiles in each BMI category. Results: The mean(±) age and GFR of 2649 participants (51% females) was 50±20 years and 123±28 mL/min, while the median (IQR) of CRP and Cys-C was 0.19(0.07-0.44) mg/dL and 0.80(0.72-0.89) mg/L, respectively. Approximately, 33% of the cohort was normal, 34% overweight, and 33% were obese. After a mean(SD) follow up of 5.9(1.3) years, 213 deaths (all-cause) were observed. Cys-C levels increased with increasing BMI (p trend &lt;0.05), however, significant difference was only seen in obese when compared with normal weight adults (p&lt;0.05). Within each BMI category, increasing Cys-C was associated with increased risk of ACM (p trend &lt;0.05), however, the hazard ratio were statistically significant only at elevated Cys-C levels (Q4 vs.Q1) in normal and overweight adults (both p values &lt;0.05). Conclusions: Independent of traditional CVD risk factors, elevated Cys-C levels predicts risk of ACM in normal and overweight but not in obese adults who have normal renal function based on GFR.
Abstract 4110: Gartanin from the mangosteen fruit modulates androgen receptor and ER stress proteins in prostate cancer cells leading to apoptosis
Authors: Gongbo Li, Sakina Petiwala, Jeremy Johnson
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Background: The Purple mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) has a long history of usage as a medicinal plant in Southeast Asia. Many studies have shown that the chemical constituents of Garcinia mangostana, mainly xanthone derivatives, have a variety of health-promoting properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, antiallergic, antibacterial and antiviral activities. In this study, we evaluated the anticancer effects of gartanin, one of the major xanthones from the mangosteen fruit, in human prostate cancer cells. Next, we investigated the possible mechanisms involved in its anticancer effects. Methods: Two human prostate cancer cell lines, 22Rv1 and LNCaP, were treated with gartanin. Cell apoptosis, viability, proliferation, androgen receptor, prostate specific antigen (PSA), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress were evaluated by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL), 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), BrdU, Western blot, RT-PCR, androgen receptor competitor assay, siRNA transfection, ELISA and fluorescent microscopy. Results: Gartanin decreased viability and inhibited proliferation of prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Gartanin induced apoptosis as evidenced by TUNEL staining, increased caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. As a valuable target of prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) expression was significantly inhibited by gartanin. Further, gartanin was shown to be an effective AR antagonist, similar to flutamide. Gartanin decreased PSA, a prostate cancer risk factor regulated by the AR signaling pathway. Gartanin increased ER stress proteins and chaperones, such as phosphorylated PERK, CHOP, IRE1 and Bip. Gartanin also induced spliced XBP-1 mRNA, which is an ER stress marker. CHOP knockdown partly inhibited gartanin-induced apoptosis in LNCaP cells, as evidenced by cleaved caspase-3 decrease. Interestingly, CHOP knockdown showed evidence of restoring AR expression in gartanin treated cells. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that gartanin inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis on prostate cancer cells in vitro. It achieves its anticancer effects partly through inhibiting AR and promoting ER stress. The ability of gartanin to inhibit prostate cancer cells suggests further research is needed to evaluate gartanin as a novel agent for the management of prostate cancer. Citation Format: Gongbo Li, Sakina Petiwala, Jeremy Johnson. Gartanin from the mangosteen fruit modulates androgen receptor and ER stress proteins in prostate cancer cells leading to apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4110. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4110
Abstract P429: Parallel Processes of Sedentary Behavior and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Obese Adolescents
Authors: Jordan Carlson, Gregory Norman, Julia Kolodziejczyk, Kevin Patrick
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Sedentary time has been negatively associated with cardiometabolic health in adults. These associations are less clear in youth, may differ by sedentary measurement method, and rarely have been investigated longitudinally. Hypothesis: Greater accelerometer measured sedentary time and reported screen time will be associated with poorer status on cardiometabolic risk factors at baseline and longitudinally. Methods: Obese (BMI ≥ 95th percentile for age and gender) 11-13 year olds were enrolled in a primary care weight loss trial. Half were girls and 82% were Hispanic. Of the 106 participants enrolled, 73 completed baseline and 12-month assessments. Assessments occurred in the clinic and included a fasting blood draw. Table 1 lists the risk factor variables. The first dependent variable was reported screen time (television and computer/video games). The second was total sedentary time, calculated from waist-worn Actigraph accelerometers as percent of wear time with counts &lt; 100 per 60-second epoch. Mplus software was used to fit latent growth parallel processes models, with the intercept of the biomarker regressed on the sedentary time intercept (cross-sectional association), and the slope of the biomarker regressed on the sedentary time slope (longitudinal association). Models were adjusted for potential confounders. Full information maximum likelihood estimation was used to account for missing data. Results: Participants reported 3.2 (SD = 2.0) screen time hours. Associations between screen time and risk factors are presented in Table 1. Total sedentary time (M = 61±11% of wear time) was positively associated with BMI (β = .22; p &lt; .05) at baseline but not with other risk factors. Total sedentary time was not associated with risk factors longitudinally. Conclusion: Changes in screen time but not total sedentary time were associated with cardiometabolic risk factors, specifically BMI, blood glucose, LDL, AST, and ALT. Associations were independent of physical activity and psychosocial diet variables.
Public health promotion: the role of the dermatologist
Authors: K. Faulkner, S. Walsh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

The uptake of cervical screening has been falling year on year within the U.K. population for the last 10 years.1 The year 2009 was an exception to this, thought to be a response to the widespread media coverage of Jade Goody's diagnosis of cervical cancer. Since then the downward trend has resumed. This is particularly notable in young women aged 25–49 years.2 In this month's issue of the BJD, Clowry et al.3 show the beneficial effect that dermatologists can have on uptake of cervical screening among their patients. In a sample of 104 patients, 85% had been screened at least once and 87% within the last 3 years. As they note, this compares very favourably with the national programme uptake of 70%.1 Although we cannot conclude that it was the advice from dermatologists that resulted in high uptake, it appears that their advice had a greater impact on patients: 59% of participants said they remembered dermatologists talking to them about the importance of cervical screening, compared with only 15% remembering advice from general practitioners (GPs). Women may be more likely to remember the advice from dermatologists when asked about it in a dermatology clinic; however, we should take advantage of any potential intervention that can increase screening uptake.
Nanoscale Biosensors Show Promise
Authors: M J Friedrich
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Modernising the NHS: Patient care (empowerment): a local view
Authors: M. Taylor
Journal: BMJ (2000)

See also p 1660 

The prime minister's proposal to draw up a national plan for a National Health Service sets out five challenges to health service professionals—on partnership, performance, the professions, patient care, and prevention. As a former health and social services employee now working for an advocacy organisation I would like to make five suggestions which would empower patients in their dealings with health services.

#### Summary points

Joint working between health and social services needs to supported by real joint funding

The NHS should support advocacy services because not all health professionals are able or willing to take patients' views fully into account

Health professionals too often deny patients a real say in their care, and are often very skilled in disempowering patients

Just as clinicians need training in working with all types of patients, so patients need support in playing a full part in consultations

Since the introduction of community care the term seamless service has been much bandied about. There are even some social services departments located in the same building as health boards. But does this mean that the service user receives a seamless service delivered by professionals who work in partnership with each other? Unfortunately joint location and joint documents and guidelines do not always mean joint working at the point where it matters—the service user. There is still a culture difference and a disparity of funding between the health service and its poor relation, social services. For the user in need of a complex care package this can pose serious problems. The funding issue aside (resources are always going to be an issue), the service a user receives depends entirely on the personality of the professionals involved and the local politics of the day. In other words, it's a lottery.

   ![][1] 

(Credit: ULRIKE PREUSS)

The partnership challenge …

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Rubella seroprevalence in children in Dogankent, a rural area of Adana province in Turkey, January-February 2005
Authors: N Aytac, A B Yucel, H Yapicioglu, F Kibar, O Karaomerlioglu, M Akbaba
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the rubella seroprevalence in 331 children aged between 0 and 59 months in Turkey who were not vaccinated for rubella and lived in the area covered by Dogankent Health Center, a rural area with a large proportion of residents of low socioeconomic status. Rubella seropositivity was found to be low, with 17.5%, increased with age and low socioeconomic level, and was particularly high in children who live in a household with one member going to school, and in children of uneducated parents (p<0.05). The asymptomatic infection rate was 98.3%. There was no significant difference in seropositivity with regards to the gender, history of rubella infection, size of the household, or number of children at home (p>0.05). Rubella vaccine has only been included into the national vaccination programme in the form of the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine since 2006 and is performed at the age of 12 months, in the first year of primary school and at the age of about 15 years. In order to eliminate rubella and congenital rubella syndrome, it is necessary that use of MMR vaccine is expanded to include the children born before 2006.
Regulation of Medical Marijuana
Authors: Rajiv Das
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Common Sense of Money and Investments.
Authors: Merryle Stanley Rukeyser
Journal: JAMA (1925)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Predictivity of allergic sensitization (RAST) for the onset of allergic diseases in adults
Authors: Y. Schoefer, T. Schäfer, C. Meisinger, H.‐E. Wichmann, J. Heinrich
Journal: Allergy (2007)

Background: Specific IgE antibodies are often detected without any clinical manifestation of allergies. We aimed to analyse the predictivity of allergic sensitization for incident symptoms of allergic diseases in adults during a 10‐year follow‐up . Methods: In 1994/95 specific IgE antibodies against five common inhalant allergens (grass pollen, birch pollen, house dust mite, cat dander and Cladosporium ) were diagnosed by radioallergosorbent test in 4178 adults aged 25–74 years. A subset of 2656 participants could be re‐evaluated in 2004/05. Information on socio‐economic factors and medical history, including data on atopic diseases, was assessed by a combination of a personal interview and a self‐administered questionnaire. Logistic regression models were applied to study associations between allergic sensitization and incident allergic diseases. Results: Allergic sensitization was an important predictor for incident hay fever (OR 7.95, CI 95% 4.64–13.62) and asthma (OR 1.82, CI 95% 1.29–2.57). Specific IgE antibodies were mainly related to outdoor allergens (grass and birch pollen) for hay fever and indoor allergens (mite and cat dander) for asthma, while for atopic dermatitis no specific IgE antibodies were identified as major predictors. Conclusions: Allergic sensitization not only covers clinically apparent allergies, but indicates a prognostic factor for later allergies, even in adulthood.
Chronic neutrophilic leukemia 2014: Update on diagnosis, molecular genetics, and management
Authors: Michelle A. Elliott, Ayalew Tefferi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Disease Overview : Chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by sustained, mature neutrophilic leukocytosis, splenomegaly, and bone marrow granulocytic hyperplasia. Diagnosis : Key diagnostic criteria include leukocytosis of &gt; 25 × 10 9 /l (of which &gt;80% are neutrophils) with &lt;10% and &lt;1% circulating immature granulocytes and myeloblasts, respectively. There should be no dysplasia, monocytosis, molecular evidence of BCR‐ABL1 , PDGFRA , PDGFRB , or FGRF1 rearrangements and no identifiable cause for physiologic neutrophilia or, if present, demonstration of myeloid clonality. Developments in Molecular Genetics : Recently, CNL has been shown to be specifically driven by somatic activating mutations of CSF3R , most commonly CSF3R T618I. As such, the diagnosis of CNL will no longer be one of exclusion only, and revision of the current WHO classification is anticipated to include the molecular criterion of mutated CSF3R . Am. J. Hematol. 89:651–658, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interventions to Prevent Readmission for Congestive Heart Failure
Authors: Barbara Riegel, Mary Naylor, Simon Stewart, John J. V. McMurray, Michael W. Rich
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal