tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Age of Non-Skin Tissues on Susceptibility of Skin Grafts to 7,12-Dimethylbenz[ a ]anthracene (DMBA) Carcinogenesis in BALB/c Mice, and Effect of Age of Skin Graft on Susceptibility of Surrounding Recipient Skin to DMBA 2
Authors: P Ebbesen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1977)

The influence of age-dependent alterations in non-skin tissues on chemical carcinogen-induced skin papilloma development was studied by treatment with 7,12-dimethylbenz[alpha]anthracene (DMBA) of 4-month-old skin grafts sewed onto 4- and 20-month-old syngeneic recipients. Skin of 4- and 20-month-old BALB/c female mice differed in susceptibility to DMBA carcinogenesis, but the 4-month-old grafts showed the same papilloma incidence independent of the age of the recipient mice. In a different experiment, the influence of age of skin grafts on papilloma development on DMBA-treated recipient skin was studied. Fourteen- and 26-month-old skin grafts were carried by 14-month-old recipients. Grafts of those two ages are known to differ in susceptibility to DMBA carcinogenesis, but no effect of the grafts on papilloma development on DMBA-treated recipients was detectable. It was concluded that certain age-dependent differences in skin susceptibility to chemical carcinogens are solely a reflection of alterations in the skin at the site of carcinogen treatment.
Bedside Multimarker Testing for Risk Stratification in Chest Pain Units
Authors: L. Kristin Newby, Alan B. Storrow, W. Brian Gibler, J. Lee Garvey, John F. Tucker, Andrew L. Kaplan, Donald H. Schreiber, Robert H. Tuttle, Steven E. McNulty, E. Magnus Ohman
Journal: Circulation (2001)

Background —Earlier, rapid evaluation in chest pain units may make patient care more efficient. A multimarker strategy (MMS) testing for several markers of myocardial necrosis with different time-to-positivity profiles also may offer clinical advantages. Methods and Results —We prospectively compared bedside quantitative multimarker testing versus local laboratory results (LL) in 1005 patients in 6 chest pain units. Myoglobin, creatine kinase-MB, and troponin I were measured at 0, 3, 6, 9 to 12, and 16 to 24 hours after admission. Two MMS were defined: MMS-1 (all 3 markers) and MMS-2 (creatine kinase-MB and troponin I only). The primary assessment was to relate marker status with 30-day death or infarction. More patients were positive by 24 hours with MMS than with LL (MMS-1, 23.9%; MMS-2, 18.8%; LL, 8.8%; P =0.001, all comparisons), and they became positive sooner with MMS-1 (2.5 hours, P =0.023 versus LL) versus MMS-2 (2.8 hours, P =0.026 versus LL) or LL (3.4 hours). The relation between baseline MMS status and 30-day death or infarction was stronger (MMS-1: positive, 18.8% event rate versus negative, 3.0%, P =0.001; MMS-2: 21.9% versus 3.2%, P =0.001) than that for LL (13.6% versus 5.5%, P =0.038). MMS-1 discriminated 30-day death better (positive, 2.0% versus negative, 0.0%, P =0.007) than MMS-2 (positive, 1.8% versus negative, 0.2%; P =0.055) or LL (positive, 0.0% versus negative, 0.5%; P =1.000). Conclusions —Rapid multimarker analysis identifies positive patients earlier and provides better risk stratification for mortality than a local laboratory-based, single-marker approach.
p53 Gene Status as a Predictor of Tumor Response to Induction Chemotherapy of Patients With Locoregionally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinomas of the Head and Neck
Authors: Stéphane Temam, Antoine Flahault, Sophie Périé, Guy Monceaux, Florence Coulet, Patrice Callard, Jean-François Bernaudin, Jean Lacau St Guily, Pierre Fouret
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: To determine whether p53 gene status predicts tumor responses to platinum- and fluorouracil-based induction chemotherapy in locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Tumor responses of 105 patients were measured at the primary tumor site. Objective response and major response were defined by a 50% and 80% reduction in tumor size, respectively. All coding parts of p53 gene were directly sequenced. p53 expression in tumor cells was determined by immunohistochemistry. Human papillomavirus infection was detected by polymerase chain reaction. Odd ratios were adjusted by stepwise logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: p53 mutations, p53 expression, and tumor stage were sufficient to explain the variation in tumor responses to chemotherapy in multivariate models. p53 mutation was the only variable to significantly predict objective response (odds ratio, 0.23; 95% confidence interval, 0.10 to 0.57; P = .002) and was the strongest predictor of major response (odds ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval, 0.11 to 0.74; P = .006). p53 expression (odds ratio, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.16 to 0.98) and tumor stage (odds ratio, 0.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.10 to 0.96) also predicted major response. Specific mutations (contact mutations) accounted for much of the reduction in the risk of major response associated with overall mutations. In complementary analyses, p53 expression was weakly predictive of major response in the subgroup with wild-type p53, and p53 mutations also predicted histologic response. CONCLUSION: p53 gene mutations are strongly associated with a poor risk of both objective and major responses to chemotherapy. Contact mutations are associated with the lowest risk of major response to chemotherapy.
Effects of recombinant canine stem cell factor, a c-kit ligand, and recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on hematopoietic recovery after otherwise lethal total body irradiation
Authors: FG Schuening, FR Appelbaum, HJ Deeg, M Sullivan-Pepe, TC Graham, R Hackman, KM Zsebo, R Storb
Journal: Blood (1993)
Clinical evaluation of interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) in patients with nontuberculous mycobacterial disease
Authors: Yoshihiro Kobashi, Masaki Ikeda, Keiji Mouri, Yasushi Obase, Mikio Oka
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objective: To evaluate the clinical usefulness of two IGRA (QuantiFERON-TB and T-SPOT.TB) in patients with nontuberculous mycoobacrerial (NTM) disease.  Materials nad methods: The study consisted of 180 patients with NTM disease who satisfied the diagnostic criteria proposed by American Thoracic Society (ATS). Tuberculin skin test (TST) was also perfromed for these patients as much as possible.  Results: The causative microorganism was Mycobacterium avium in 76 patients, M. intracellulare in 60, M. kansasii in 22, M. absccessus in 7, M. marinum in 7, others in 7, respectively. While the positive response rate for M. kansasii, M. marinum, and M. szulgai (30 patients) which possess the ESAT-6 and CFP-10 (Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-specific antigens) was 60% for TST, 33% for QFT, and 40% for T-SPOT.TB, the indeterminate response rate was 7% for QFT and 0% for T-SPOT.TB, respectively. On the other hand, while the positive response rate for M.avium and M.intracellulare etc. (150 patients) was 58% for TST, 7% for QFT. and 11% for T-SPOT.TB, the indeterminate response rate was 7% for QFT and 2% for T-SPOT.TB, respectively.  Conclusions: Although IGRA may be a useful diagnostic method to differentiate TB disease and MAC disease, there are several prpblems to be resolved before it can be used as a diagnostic method for M. kansasii disease etc. We also would like to describe the results of QFT for M. kansasii disease in other hospitals in Japan.
CHEMICAL PROTECTORS AGAINST SUNBURN.
Authors: G. H. FINDLAY, S. J. NEL
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

This study suggests a way to compare the protective action of chemical substances as optical filters against sunburn. For this purpose a photoprotective index is derived from the curves of optical density of the chemical substance in solution and erythemal effectiveness. The success of para‐amino‐benzoic acid depends on a maximal push‐pull force on the electron cloud across the benzene ring. Several factors in the vehicle alter these electronic configurations to the detriment of the photoprotective action. A list is drawn up of substances which are optically superior as sunburn filters.
IPFdatabase – A new tool for a correct application of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis guidelines
Authors: David Bennett, Maria Lucia Valentini, Debora Valecchi, Elena Bargagli, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Gloria Bettini, Cesare Rinaldi, Sudhakar Pipavath, Ganesh Raghu, Paola Rottoli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

In 2011 the ATS/ERS/JRS/ALATreleased the new guidelines (GL) for IPF,establishing precise criteria for the diagnosis of this condition. The statement gave a strong recommendation to the multidisciplinary discussion among pulmonologists, radiologists, and pathologists in the evaluation of IPF.The diagnostic algorithm proposed might result not easily applicable in the every-day practice, especially in centres where IPF patients are sporadically seen.Therefore on the basis of these considerations we decided to build the  IPFdatabase,  a new software to provide a tool for:  · A correct and easy application of the GL in the diagnosis of IPF patients accessible to every hospital by a specific software  · To give to pneumologist/radiologist/pathologists, not primarily interested in ILD,a simple guide to IPF,reinforcing their adherence to GL in the diagnostic work-up of IPF and encouraging the multi-disciplinary discussion   IPFdatabase  is web designed, multi-choice software created to be easy, fast, and efficacious for the diagnosis of IPF.In this preliminary presentation of the  IPFdatabase,  we report demographic,clinical, radiological and pathological data of a group of patients (n=51) in differential diagnosis for IPF (detailed results will be provided).The interobservor variability of the interpretation of HRCT features is a potential problem in making the diagnosis of IPF despite the appropriate clinical setting.We propose an algorithm to standardize the radiologist report and overcome the problem.These need to be validated.  Our  IPFdatabase  is a new tool developed with the hope of facilitating an accurate diagnosis of IPF utilizing the criteria published in the 2011 international guidelines.
Combined endosonographic staging followed by cervical mediastinoscopy in the real world, do we still need both?
Authors: Erik (H.F.M.) van der Heijden, Ad F.T.M. Verhagen, Olga C.J. Schuurbiers
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction 

The combination of EUS- and EBUS-FNA is an accurate preoperative staging method in NSCLC, challenging the status of cervical mediastinoscopy (CM) as the gold standard. In a recent RCT combined endoscopic staging (CES) had greater sensitivity compared to CM. After negative CES, a CM had to be performed in 11 patients to find one positive result [Annema JAMA 2010]. Defranchi [ATS 2010] found a NNT of 3.6 and Tournoy [ERS 2011] presented a NNT near infinite in imaging negative and lymphocyte positive CES samples. Our goal was to assess the need to perform a CM after negative CES in our center.

Methods 

Records of 100 consecutive patients with negative CES referred for CM or surgery between January 2009 and June 2011 were analysed. All patients were treated in strict accordance with national guidelines: preoperative CES mediastinal staging is performed in all patients with potentially resectable NSCLC and mediastinal nodes with short axis ≥10 mm on CTscan, PET-positive mediastinal or hilar nodes and/or centrally located tumors. If found negative CES is followed by CM.

Results 

Of 100 CES negative patients 82 underwent CM and 18 a thoracotomy as next step procedure in which N2+ nodes were found in 11/82 and 3/18 patients. After negative CM surgery was performed in 63 of 71 patients. N2+ nodes were found in 7/63 patients. A total of 21 patients were found N2 positive after negative CES (NPV 79%). The NPV of CM after negative CES is 89%.

Conclusion 

Endosonographic mediastinal staging using strict guidelines is reliable and accurate. In our center one patient with tumor positive mediastinal nodes can be found by CM after 7 negative CES procedures in (suspected) NSCLC.
Induction of Colon Tumors in 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Resistant Lobund Wistar Rats by Methylazoxymethanol Acetate&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Morris Pollard, Morris S. Zedeck
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

Sprague-Dawley and Lobund Wistar rats, which were sensitive and resistant to induction of colon tumors by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH), respectively, were treated with methylazoxymethanol (MAM), the product of DMH metabolism by the microsomal mixed-function oxidase system. Although the colon tissue in both stocks of rats had similar NAD+-dependent dehydrogenase activities that are considered necessary to activate MAM to an ultimate carcinogen, still a sevenfold greater incidence of colon tumors was found in the Sprague-Dawley rats, and their tumors were more extensive. The results indicated that the difference in susceptibility to colon tumor induction between the rat stocks was partially related to metabolic activation of the DMH and to other, as yet undetermined, endogenous factors.
Diagnostic yield and complications associated with electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy in peripheral lung lesions
Authors: Pilar Rivera Ortega, Jessica González Gutiérrez, Ángel O. Rabines Juárez, Hernán D. Quiceno Arias, José L. Solorzano Rendon, Juan A. Bertó Botella, Esmeralda López-Zalduendo, Jorge Zagaceta Guevara, Pablo A. Sánchez Salcedo, Arantxa Campo Ezquibela, Ana B. Alcaide Ocaña, Juan P. De Torres Tajes, María D. Lozano Escario, Luis Seijo Maceiras, Javier J. Zulueta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) is a procedure that facilitates sampling of peripheral lung lesions and avoid more invasive diagnostic methods.  Objective: To determine the factors associated with the diagnostic yield and adverse events (AE) of ENB.  Method: A prospective study of ENB in 180 consecutive cases, between March 2008 and October 2013. ENB was chosen as the least invasive diagnostic technique in patients with high surgical risk, suspicious cancer lesion, or in those who demanded a preoperative diagnosis prior to undergoing curative resection.  Results: The overall diagnostic yield of ENB was 50.6%. It was diagnostic in 62.8% (88/140) of patients with bronchus sign and only in 0.07% (3/40) of those without the bronchus sign (OR 20.9; 95% CI=6.1-71.1). The average of lesion diameter (LD) was 29.6 vs 17.6 mm in diagnostic and non-diagnostic ENB, respectively (pl.001). On multivariate analysis, both were independent factors for the ENB yield (pl.001). 65/180 cases were cancer (80% primary), the most frequent was lung adenocarcinoma (27 cases, 42%). General anesthesia was used in 24/180 cases (13.3%), and diagnostic in 62% of these patients, without significant difference when used conscious sedation. Age, sex, BMI, smoking, emphysema, location, consistency, and biopsies and/or fine needle aspiration number were not associated to the success of the ENB. As AE, 5% (9/180) had pneumothorax, not associated to the type of anesthesia used. No patient had bronchial bleeding, sedation adverse reaction or death.  Conclusions: The ENB diagnostic yield is dependent on the presence of the bronchus sign and LD. This is a safe technique with few AE.
Multiple Squamous Skin Carcinomas following Excess Sunbed Use
Authors: M A B Roest, F M Keane, K Agnew, J L M Hawk, W A D Griffiths
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

Sunbeds are widely used for cosmetic purposes though disapproved of by dermatologists. A survey from Central Scotland1 revealed that most users were female and under 35 years of age; 17% had more than 100 sunbed sessions a year.
The percentage of neutrophils expressing TLR4 in induced sputum decreases in asthma not eosinophilic
Authors: Astrid Crespo, Eder Mateus, Montserrat Torrejón, Alicia Belda, Jordi Giner, Teresa Garriga, Silvia Vidal, Cándido Juárez, Vicente Plaza
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Recently it has involved the role of TLRs (toll-like receptors) in the pathogenesis of asthma.The possible role that TLRs play in IgE-dependent asthma (not eosinophilic) and its recognition as a new endotype asthma, could open new therapeutic expectations.  Objective:  To analyze the expression of TLR 2 and 4 in monocytes/ macrophages and neutrophils in peripheral blood and induced sputum from asthmatic patients IgE dependent (IgEdep) vs. IgE dependent (IgEnodep).  Method  :  We studied 36 patients with asthma. Asthma ranked IgE dependent (n = 13) and non-dependent (n = 23) according to the level of IgE in the blood. All patients underwent the same day an induced sputum, pulmonary function studies, FeNO, blood total IgE and skin test by prick technique. The cellular composition was analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of TLRs were analyzed using monoclonal antibodies conjugated with fluorochromes appropriate.  Results:  Descriptive analysis intergroup and between categorical variables was not significant. The percentage of neutrophils TLR4 + in induced sputum was 1.51% (± 2.98) for asthmatics IgEnodep and 11.17% (±25.15) for asthmatics IgEdep, with a statistically significant correlation (p = 0.006). No significant differences were found among the other groups.  Conclusion  :  The percentage of neutrophils expressing TLR4 in induced sputum decreases in asthma not eosinophilic. This could suggest that in this type of asthma the defense mechanism of neutrophils could be altered by decreasing expression of these receptors on their cell surface. This mechanism would still be defined. Probably the respiratory infections play an important role.
Brief Communication: Quantltatlon of Cytotoxic Antitumor Antibody In Vitro: A Microassay With 125I-lododeoxyuridineas a Tumor Cell Label2
Authors: Dieter Fritze, David H. Kern, Yosef H. Pilch
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1974)

A micromethod is described for the quantitation of cytotoxic antitumor antibodies in which tumor cells are prelabeled with 1251-iododeoxyuridine. The assay requires a total reactien time of 2 hours. Tumor-specific cytotoxic activity of 50–80% could be detected at high serum dilutions with syngeneic antisera absorbed with syngeneic spleen cells and could be correlated with cell loss observed visually.
Tattooing, permanent makeup and piercing in Amsterdam; guidelines, legislation and monitoring
Authors: J Worp, A Boonstra, R A Coutinho, J A R van den Hoek
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2006)

Tattooing, body piercing and permanent makeup are increasing in popularity. Here, we describe the procedures involved in these practices, their risks, the content of guidelines developed by the Municipal Health Service in Amsterdam (the Netherlands) to reduce infection risks, the legislation in the city of Amsterdam, and results of monitoring in tattoo and piercing studios.
The significance of HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1 and HSP90B1 gene polymorphisms in a Turkish population with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Ender Coskunpinar, Nergiz Akkaya, Pinar Yildiz, Yasemin Musteri Oltulu, Engin Aynaci, Turgay Isbir, Ilhan Yaylim
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The aim of our study was to investigate HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1 and HSP90B1 gene polymorphisms in patients with NSCLC. In this study, 97 patients with NSCLC and 97 healthy controls were included. RT-PCR technique was used for genotyping. The frequency of mutant CC genotype for HSP90AA1, mutant AA genotype for HSP90AB1 and mutant CC genotype for HSP90B1 was significantly higher in the patient group in controls

![Figure][1] 



. The frequency of patients with homozygote mutant allele was also significantly higher than that of controls and possessing mutant genotype increased appears to be the risk for disease

View this table:

Results of the haplotype analysis in patients and controls (HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1 and HSP90B1 genes)





. We detected that presence of mutant genotype [all included HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, HSP90B1] increase the risk for disease

View this table:

Probabilty of associations have been shown in the table as a comparison of patients and controls





.

 [1]: pending:yes
Antagonising angiogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: P E C Brenchley
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic disease characterised by an inflammatory erosive synovitis. Early changes in the synovium are marked by neovascularisation, inflammatory cell infiltration, and associated synoviocyte hyperplasia, which produce a pannus of inflammatory vascular tissue. This pannus covers and erodes articular cartilage, eventually leading to joint destruction.

Angiogenesis is a complex, highly regulated physiological process, which in normal adults is restricted to the female reproductive cycle and wound healing. A coordinated sequence of endothelial cell division, selective degradation of vascular basement membranes and surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM) with migration of endothelial cells1 results in new capillary growth from existing vessels. Pathological angiogenesis is now recognised as a fundamental component of pannus development in RA,2 with evidence of both focal endothelial proliferation and apoptosis in the synovium.3 

The importance of angiogenesis in providing the vascular network to sustain synovial and immune cell proliferation is confirmed by pharmacological inhibition of angiogenesis, resulting in suppression of arthritis in experimental models.4-7 More recently, specific inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by soluble receptor, sflt-1,8 and by anti-VEGF antibody9 has been shown to attenuate collagen induced arthritis in mice, supporting the major role of VEGF in promoting angiogenesis.

The initiation of angiogenesis is associated with expression of a number of angiogenic growth factors of which basic fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and VEGF are the most potent.10 

In RA, high levels of VEGF,11 FGF-1,12FGF-2,13 transforming growth factor β1(TGFβ1),14 and hepatocyte growth factor15 are present in synovial fluid (SF) or synovial membrane, secreted by synoviocytes or infiltrating leucocytes. The presence of these angiogenic factors confirms earlier studies showing that SF induces capillary-like structures in endothelial cell cultures.16 

We have investigated the control of VEGF production …
Photosensitization by Porphyrins and Prevention of Photosensitization by Carotenoids&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;1&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Micheline M. Mathews-Roth
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Photosensitization by porphyrins and the use of carotenoid pigments as protective agents against photosensitization are examined. The use of carotenoids in the treatment of erythropoietic protoporphyria as well as other diseases of photosensitivity is reviewed. Possible mechanisms for the protective action of carotenoids are mentioned.