tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Differential Diagnosis of Scrotal Pain After Break Dancing
Authors: Ronald E. Wheeler
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  It is becoming increasingly apparent that today's physician must understand and recognize the peril of societal fads and their application to the practice of medicine. This is illustrated by the recent dance craze called  dancing.  Report of Cases.—  Within a six-week span, two break-dance enthusiasts, aged 12 and 16 years, came to the emergency room for evaluation of acute scrotal pain. The 12-year-old had been break dancing earlier on the day of evaluation and had pain in the left hemiscrotum that he described as sharp and of acute onset. Examination revealed a subcutaneous hematoma overlying the left testicle with moderate tenderness on palpation. This case was dismissed as a scrotal hematoma secondary to trauma during break dancing and managed conservatively. The 16-year-old had been break dancing the day prior to evaluation and had experienced only minimal scrotal pain until just before examination, which demonstrated a firm
Hospital is fined £100 000 for failing to supervise junior staff
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2006)

An English hospital trust was last week fined £100 000 (€145 000; $175 000) after pleading guilty to failing to supervise two junior doctors in an orthopaedic ward where a patient died of toxic shock syndrome after a simple knee operation.

Southampton University Hospitals NHS Trust was also ordered to pay £10 000 towards the costs of the health and safety prosecution after the death of Sean Phillips, 31, at Southampton General Hospital in June 2000.

The fine, which will have to come from the budget for patient care, is a blow to the trust, which overspent by …
Pure NOTES sigmoid resection in an animal survival model
Authors: J. Bernhardt, P. Köhler, F. Rieber, M. Diederich, S. Schneider-Koriath, H. Steffen, K. Ludwig, W. Lamadé
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Introduction:</b> The potential to use single-site transluminal access to perform major surgical procedures is limited. In the current study, a pure natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES) technique was developed for sigmoid resection, with combined transgastric and transvaginal access to the abdominal cavity and assisted by colonoscopy. <b>Methods:</b> This experimental study was conducted on a porcine model. Transgastric access was achieved by needle-knife incision and balloon dilation. Colonoscopy was used to maneuver the colon and expose the colic mesentery. Mesocolic dissection close to the bowel was carried out gastroscopically using a coagulating forceps. To prepare the anastomosis, a circular stapler anvil was introduced endoluminally. Subsequently, sigmoid resection was performed using a roticulating linear stapler inserted transvaginally. Bowel extraction was performed by invagination transrectally. After extracorporeal distal linear stapling of the sigmoid, colorectal anastomosis was completed by application of a circular stapling device transrectally. Gastric access closure was achieved using the over-the-scope clipping system (OTSC). <b>Results:</b> The procedure was successful in all animals, with the operation time ranging from 150 to 270 minutes. The first animal died at postoperative day 5 from peritonitis due to an infected hematoma following spleen injury by an observation trocar. All other animals gained weight postoperatively. Animals were sacrificed after postoperative day 35. The work-up showed complete anastomotic healing and healed gastric closure. The OTSC clip was still in situ in all animals. <b>Conclusion:</b> The presented study shows that pure NOTES resection and anastomosis of the large bowel are feasible. Intraluminal organ manipulation provided excellent organ exposition and rendered one additional access site unnecessary. Transgastric preparation was shown to be safe and effective.
Inaccuracy of mitral pressure half-time immediately after percutaneous mitral valvotomy. Dependence on transmitral gradient and left atrial and ventricular compliance.
Authors: J D Thomas, G T Wilkins, C Y Choong, V M Abascal, I F Palacios, P C Block, A E Weyman
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Mitral pressure half-time (T1/2) is widely used as an independent measure of mitral valve area in patients undergoing percutaneous mitral valvotomy. However, fluid dynamics theory predicts T1/2 to be strongly dependent on chamber compliance and the peak transmitral gradient, which are variables that change dramatically with valvotomy. These theoretical predictions were tested in an in vitro model of the left heart where valve area, chamber compliance, and initial gradient were independently adjusted. Measured T1/2 was observed to vary inversely with orifice area and directly with net chamber compliance and the square root of the initial pressure gradient. Theoretical predictions of T1/2 agreed with observed values with r = 0.998. To test this theory in vivo, the hemodynamic tracings of 18 patients undergoing mitral valvotomy were reviewed. Predictions were made for T1/2 assuming dependence only on valve area; these showed some correlations before valvotomy (r = 0.48-0.64, p less than 0.05) but none after valvotomy (r = 0.05-0.28, p = NS). Predictions for T1/2 based on the theoretical derivation (and thus including compliance and pressure in their calculation) were much better: before valvotomy, r = 0.93-0.96, p less than 0.0001; after valvotomy, r = 0.52-0.66, p less than 0.05. These data indicate that T1/2 is not an independent inverse measure of mitral valve area but is also directly proportional to net chamber compliance and the square root of the initial transmitral gradient. These other factors render T1/2 an unreliable measure of mitral valve area in the setting of acute mitral valvotomy.
A Survey of Health Information Exchange Organizations in the United States: Implications for Meaningful Use
Authors: Julia Adler-Milstein, David W. Bates, Ashish K. Jha
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

Background: To receive financial incentives for meaningful use of electronic health records, physicians and hospitals will need to engage in health information exchange (HIE). For most providers, joining regional organizations that support HIE is the most viable approach currently available. Objective: To assess the state of HIE in the United States through regional health information organizations (RHIOs). Design: Survey. Setting: All RHIOs in the United States. Participants: 179 U.S.-based RHIOs that facilitated HIE as of December 2009. Measurements: Number of operational RHIOs, the subset of operational RHIOs that supported stage 1 meaningful use, and the subset that supported robust HIE; number of ambulatory practices and hospitals participating in RHIOs; and number of financially viable RHIOs. Results: Of 197 potential RHIOs, 179 (91%) reported their status and 165 (84%) returned completed surveys. Of these, 75 RHIOs were operational, covering approximately 14% of U.S. hospitals and 3% of ambulatory practices. Thirteen RHIOs supported stage 1 meaningful use (covering 3% of hospitals and 0.9% of practices), and none met an expert-derived definition of a comprehensive RHIO. Overall, 50 of 75 RHIOs (67%) did not meet the criteria for financial viability. Limitations: Survey data were self-reported. The sample may not have included all HIE efforts, particularly those of individual providers who set up their own data-exchange agreements. Conclusion: These findings call into question whether RHIOs in their current form can be self-sustaining and effective in helping U.S. physicians and hospitals engage in robust HIE to improve the quality and efficiency of care. Primary Funding Source: Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Prolonged impairment of very late activating antigen-mediated T cell proliferation via the CD3 pathway after T cell-depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.
Authors: K Sugita, Y Nojima, K Tachibana, R J Soiffer, C Murray, S F Schlossman, J Ritz, C Morimoto
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1994)

One of the major obstacles in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) is prolonged T cell dysfunction resulting in a variety of infectious complications in the months to years after hematologic engraftment. We previously showed that immobilized extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as fibronectin (FN), the CS-1 domain of FN, or collagen (CO) acted synergistically with immobilized anti-CD3 to induce T cell proliferation. In addition, the comitogenic effect of ECMs could be mimicked by immobilized mAb reactive with a common beta 1 chain (CD29) of very late activating (VLA) antigens which include ECM receptors. Since the interaction of T cells with ECMs appears to play an important role in the process of T cell reconstitution following allo-BMT, we examined the expression of VLA antigens (alpha 1-alpha 6, beta 1) and their functional roles in CD3-mediated T cell proliferation at various times after T cell depleted allo-BMT. VLA beta 1 as well as VLA alpha 4, alpha 5, and alpha 6 expression was lower than normal controls during the first 3 mo after allo-BMT and auto-BMT, whereas these expressions returned to normal levels by 4 mo after allo-BMT and auto-BMT. Although alpha 1 and alpha 2 were not expressed on lymphocytes from normal controls, these antigens were expressed on lymphocytes at the detectable levels (5-15%) from patients after allo-BMT and auto-BMT. Both CD29 and CD3 were expressed at normal levels on lymphocytes from patients > 3 mo after allo-BMT, whereas T cell interaction with ECM through VLA proteins or crosslinking of VLA beta 1 expressed by T cells with anti-CD29 mAb results in poor induction of CD3-mediated T cell proliferation for a prolonged period (> 1 yr) after allo-BMT. In contrast, T cell proliferation induced by crosslinking of anti-CD2 or anti-CD26 with anti-CD3 was almost fully recovered by 1 yr post-allo-BMT. After autologous BMT, impaired VLA-mediated T cell proliferation via the CD3 pathway after auto-BMT returned to normal levels within 1 yr despite no significant difference in CD3 and CD29 expression following either allo- or auto-BMT. The adhesion of T cells from post-allo-BMT patients to FN-coated plate was normal or increased compared to that of normal controls. Moreover, the induction of the tyrosine phosphorylation of pp105 protein by the ligation of VLA molecules was not impaired in allo-BMT patients. These results suggest that there are some other defects in the process of VLA-mediated signal transduction in such patients. Our results imply that disturbance of VLA function could explain, at least in part, the persistent immunoincompetent state after allo-BMT and may be involved in susceptibility to opportunistic infections after allo-BMT.
Caveolin-1 regulation of store-operated Ca<sup>2+</sup>influx in human airway smooth muscle
Authors: Venkatachalem Sathish, Amard J. Abcejo, Michael A. Thompson, Gary C. Sieck, Y.S. Prakash, Christina M. Pabelick
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Caveolae, plasma membrane invaginations with constitutive caveolin proteins, harbour proteins involved in intracellular calcium ([Ca 2+ ] i ) regulation. In human airway smooth muscle (ASM), store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE) is a key component of [Ca 2+ ] i regulation, and contributes to increased [Ca 2+ ] i in inflammation. SOCE involves proteins Orai1 and stromal interaction molecule (STIM)1. We investigated the link between caveolae, SOCE and inflammation in ASM. [Ca 2+ ] i was measured in human ASM cells using fura-2. Small interference RNA (siRNA) or overexpression vectors were used to alter expression of caveolin-1 (Cav-1), Orai1 or STIM1. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α was used as a representative pro-inflammatory cytokine. TNF-α increased SOCE following sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca 2+ depletion, and increased whole-cell and caveolar Orai1 (but only intracellular STIM1). Cav-1 siRNA decreased caveolar and whole-cell Orai1 (but not STIM1) expression, and blunted SOCE, even in the presence of TNF-α. STIM1 overexpression substantially enhanced SOCE: an effect only partially reversed by Cav-1 siRNA. In contrast, Orai1 siRNA substantially blunted SOCE even in the presence of TNF-α. Cav-1 overexpression significantly increased Orai1 expression and SOCE, especially in the presence of TNF-α. These results demonstrate that caveolar expression and regulation of proteins such as Orai1 are important for [Ca 2+ ] i regulation in human ASM cells and its modulation during inflammation.
A CLINICAL STUDY OF MYOCARDITIS.
Authors: LOUIS FAUGERES BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1901)

It happens in every one's experience that at particular times clinical observation is specially rich in a single direction. So it has seemed to me that during the past year there have been under observation, both in hospital and private practice, a great number of cases in which the heart muscle seemed to be primarily at fault. From the study of these cases I have come to believe that disease of the heart muscle is a greater factor in the condition of many patients than is usually believed; particularly have I been more and more impressed with the fact that the importance of valvular and arterial disease depends on the behavior of the heart muscle in connection with these lesions. A recognition of the interpendence of arterial and myocardial disease moreover gives new interest and importance to the early recognition of a tendency to an increase of arterial tension. The
Intragastral Disintegration of Blood Coagula by Mechanical Vibration
Authors: E. Wobser, U. Stumpff
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

A new method of intragastral disintegration of big blood coagula by mechanical waves is described. Intragastral application of ultrasound was disappointing. A flexural electromagnetic resonator was brought up for clinical trial and showed an effective intragastral thrombotripsy. Even other substances like tablets, food or scybala could be disintegrated. The described method represents a simple, safe and efficient procedure which will enrich the catalogue of possiblities in endoscopic examinations.
Serum potassium concentration as a risk factor of ventricular arrhythmias early in acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: J E Nordrehaug, K A Johannessen, G von der Lippe
Journal: Circulation (1985)

Sixty patients with a first acute myocardial infarction and no current treatment with cardioactive drugs were included in a prospective study of the relationship between serum potassium concentration and the early occurrence of ventricular tachycardia and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). Serum potassium level (range 2.5 to 5 mmol/liter) was estimated 3.8 +/- 2.5 hr (mean +/- SD) after the onset of the infarction, and Holter monitoring was performed during the subsequent 12 hr. In multivariate analysis, serum potassium level was negatively and age positively related to ventricular tachycardia. Among the subclasses of PVCs (frequent unifocal, multifocal, couplets, bigeminy), serum potassium concentration was negatively related to the frequent unifocal subclass; hypertension was related to couplets and to the presence of any of the subclasses, and serum aspartate aminotransferase concentration was related to multifocal PVCs. Heart failure leading to death was related to all subclasses of PVC. Serum potassium concentration is an independent inverse predictor of the occurrence of ventricular tachycardia and frequent unifocal PVCs early in acute myocardial infarction.
HENOCH-SCHONLEIN PURPURA
Authors: Madalene C. Y. Heng
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article HENOCH‐SCHÖNLEIN PURPURA Get access Madalene C. Y. Heng Madalene C. Y. Heng Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, U.C.L.A.‐San Fernando Valley Internal Medicine Program, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Sepulveda, California, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 112, Issue 2, 1 February 1985, Pages 235–240, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb00089.x Published: 01 February 1985
Women in Medical Specialty Societies
Authors: Deborah I. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1989)

The question of whether women are joining medical specialty societies at the same rate as their male counterparts has not been studied. A questionnaire was mailed to 48 medical specialty societies representing the 37 specialties listed in the<i>Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the U.S., 1986 Edition</i>. The response rate was 79%. Twenty organizations were able to identify the sex of their members, including the 7 specialty societies that represent the 6 most frequently chosen specialties of women physicians. Only in the American Psychiatric Association and the American Academy of Family Physicians was the enrollment of potential female members equivalent to that of male members. If the medical specialty societies do not address the issue of women being underrepresented in their societies, they will lose a large potential resource of leadership, participation, and financial support. More important, the societies will not be truly representative of their specialties. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1989;262:3439-3443)
Relationship of Insulin Sensitivity, Insulin Secretion, and Adiposity With Insulin Clearance in a Multiethnic Population
Authors: Carlos Lorenzo, Anthony J.G. Hanley, Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Marian J. Rewers, Darko Stefanovski, Mark O. Goodarzi, Steven M. Haffner
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

We aimed to examine insulin clearance, a compensatory mechanism to changes in insulin sensitivity, across sex, race/ethnicity populations, and varying states of glucose tolerance.We measured insulin sensitivity index (S(I)), acute insulin response (AIR), and metabolic clearance rate of insulin (MCRI) by the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test in 1,295 participants in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study.MCRI was positively related to S(I) and negatively to AIR and adiposity across sex, race/ethnicity populations, and varying states of glucose tolerance, adiposity, and family history of diabetes. Differences in MCRI by race/ethnicity (lower in African Americans and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites) and glucose tolerance were largely explained by differences in adiposity, S(I), and AIR.Insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion, and adiposity are correlates of insulin clearance and appear to explain differences in insulin clearance by race/ethnicity and glucose tolerance status.
Perinatal Exposure to Zidovudine — Benefits and Risks
Authors: Lynne M. Mofenson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes a chronic and ultimately fatal pediatric infection that is now essentially preventable with antiretroviral prophylaxis. In more developed countries, prophylaxis has dramatically reduced perinatal transmission, and the potential now exists to extend this success to less developed countries by the use of effective but shorter and less expensive antiretroviral regimens. However, all regimens of antiretroviral prophylaxis require administration to the mother during pregnancy, to the neonate after birth, or both. For the large number of infants now protected from HIV infection by antiretroviral prophylaxis, the prevention of the transmission of a . . .
P3-124: A CA dinucleotide repeat length polymorphism of the first intron of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and EGFR alterations in Japanese lung cancers
Authors: Koji Okudela, Sinji Kagayama, Masaya Suzuki, Kazuya Takamochi, Hiroshi Niwa, Hiroshi Ogawa, Kazuya Shinmra, Toshihiro Tuneyoshi, Haruhiko Sugimura
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Purified Neurons can Survive on Peptide‐Free Graphene Layers
Authors: Amel Bendali, Lucas H. Hess, Max Seifert, Valerie Forster, Anne‐Fleur Stephan, Jose A. Garrido, Serge Picaud
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

The excellent cytocompatibility of single-layer CVD graphene is demonstrated by showing that primary adult retinal ganglion cells can directly survive on its surface without any supporting glial layer or protein coating. These results confirm the great potential of graphene as a biocompatible material for interfacing neurons, opening a new route for the development of a novel generation of flexible and high-sensitive neural prostheses.
Period of Incubation of Scarlet Fever
Authors: D. P. Barry
Journal: BMJ (1882)

for it a prominent position amongst the drugs known as hypnotics-a position which the experience of medical men has more than confirmed.Its inventor only regarded it as a sleep-producer.Little did he think of the various uses to which it might be applied.Like all new drugs, however, chloral has been used in various combinations for the most varied affections.No one, I think, has as yet drawn the attention of the profession to the almost marvellous effect of chloral in causing albumen to disappear from the urine, and with it the presence of an existing cedema.I am aware that no absolute results can be based upon the success which has followed the treatment of one or two cases of albuminuria; but the facts are so strong, and the results of treatment so striking, that these must be my excuse for bringing them under the notice of the profession.Mrs. R., a delicate-looking woman, aged 40 years, was delivered of her eighth child in February last.Her children had come rather quickly; on the last occasion, it was the second within the year.During the time sbe was carrying her last baby there was no cedema of the legs, and nothing occurred of any importance during the period of gestation.Her last labour finished well; but, somehow or other, she never re.gained her strength.She suffered from night-sweats.The end of March found her suffering from couigh and severe attacks of asthma.
A network model to predict the risk of death in sickle cell disease
Authors: Paola Sebastiani, Vikki G. Nolan, Clinton T. Baldwin, Maria M. Abad-Grau, Ling Wang, Adeboye H. Adewoye, Lillian C. McMahon, Lindsay A. Farrer, James G. Taylor, Gregory J. Kato, Mark T. Gladwin, Martin H. Steinberg
Journal: Blood (2007)