tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
United States Helps Establish African Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Journals JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2024 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Effects of a Medical Home and Shared Savings Intervention on Quality and Utilization of Care
Authors: Mark W. Friedberg, Meredith B. Rosenthal, Rachel M. Werner, Kevin G. Volpp, Eric C. Schneider
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

evaluations of medical home interventions have found limited effects on quality and utilization of care.OBJECTIVE To measure associations between participation in the Northeastern Pennsylvania Chronic Care Initiative and changes in quality and utilization of care.
Abstract 17395: Health Related Quality of Life in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease: a Meta-Analysis
Authors: Peter C Kahr, Robert M Radke, Stefan Orwat, Helmut Baumgartner, Gerhard-Paul Diller
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: With improving survival rates the focus of attention in congenital heart disease (CHD) has shifted from mortality to morbidity, functional capacity and quality of life (QoL). Due to the heterogeneity of methods and results from relatively small individual trials that have assessed QoL in the past, the impact of CHD complexity on QoL remains unclear. Methods/Results: We performed a systematic review of studies that report primary data from interviews/questionnaires for QoL. Overall, 234 studies were included in the analysis. In total, results of more than 47,400 CHD patients (46% females) at an average age of 24 years were reported. Across all studies, more than 90 different questionnaires were utilized to evaluate different aspects of QoL, with 38% of studies combining ≥2 questionnaires in one study. The most commonly used questionnaire was the SF36 form (70 studies). When combining data on QoL from publications employing the SF36 using a ratio of the means method, we found that QoL in two dom...
The hospital of the future: Staffing of hospitals: future needs, future provision
Authors: R. Dowie, M. Langman
Journal: BMJ (1999)

This is the fifth in a series of seven articles.

The government's programme for modernising the United Kingdom's health services has given workforce planning and management a prominence not hitherto observed. The whole subject of workforce planning and the behaviour of labour markets in British health care has been neglected by researchers and is poorly understood. Therefore, although problems can be easily diagnosed, in many cases the solutions have not been identified. This is changing. In September 1998 the aim of securing a quality workforce in the NHS was declared.1 By April 2000 each employer should have in place training and development plans for most professional staff, as well as an annual workforce plan. Also, each employer should be able to show improvement in retention of all health professional staff. To strengthen research on human resources in the NHS, the Department of Health launched a £2.5m research initiative in December 1998.

#### Summary points

Increased numbers of doctors and nurses are required to meet increasing demands in service and management.

Expanded numbers of medical students will not enhance numbers of trained doctors for 6-7 years.

Only limited evidence suggests that quality of care is improved as numbers of cases treated increase.

Larger district general hospitals may be more cost effective in serving the needs of the population, but evidence is lacking.

There is considerable scope for making better use of nursing staff in specialist roles.

Workforce planning has been in place for some time but not within an integrated framework. The Medical Workforce Standing Advisory Committee (the Campbell committee) investigates factors relevant to future needs for doctors in the NHS, and the Specialty Workforce Advisory Group advises on the numbers necessary in training grades to ensure adequate supplies of consultants and general practitioners in England and Wales. For non-medical professions, workforce planning …
Argon plasma coagulation (APC) in relief of bulky malignant central airway obstruction due to lung cancer
Authors: Bojan Zaric, Goran Stojanovic, Tomi Kovacevic, Evica Budisin, Nensi Lalic, Branislav Perin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction : APC efficiency in removal of bulky central airway obstruction is debatable. Major aim of this trial was evaluation of feasibility and safety of APC in removal of bulky malignant central airway obstruction.

Patients and methods : this was a prospective non-randomized trial conducted in dedicated respiratory endoscopy unit by experienced bronchoscopists. APC was performed in general anesthesia via combination of rigid and flexible bronchoscopy with the use of electrosurgical unit Endoplasma PSD-60 (Olympus Co. Japan).

Results : There were 56 patients, 45(80.4%) men and 11(19.6%) enrolled in the trial. Most of the patients were smokers (83.9%) with ECOG status 1 (91.1%). Majority of patients had tumor localized in right main bronchus (67.9%) while most common type was squamous cell lung cancer (67.9%). In 94.6% patients complete recanalization was accomplished. Treated patients were mostly in stage IV disease(51.8%) with cardiac(46.4%) and respiratory(26.8%) co-morbidity. We found significant correlation between smoking(p=0.01), tumor size(p=0.026) and level of obstruction. Type of tumor (p=0.009) and power setting(p<0.001) were significantly related to recanalization. Pnemothorax, bleeding, cardiac complications and airway fire occurred each in one(1.8%) patient. Endoscopic localization was significantly related(p=0.001) to cardiac complications, T factor(p=0.037) to bleeding and power setting(p<0.001) to pneumothorax.

Conclusions : APC is safe and feasible interventional pulmonology technique for relief of bulky malignant CAO.
Press: The PSA storm
Authors: G. Yamey
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Questioning cancer screening can be a risky business in America

Many people in the United States think that screening is a panacea, a way of warding off disease and staying healthy—perhaps forever. Those who question this fairytale view, as we recently discovered, are considered traitors, or even murderers.

On 18 December 2001, the San Francisco Chronicle published an article in its sports section about Dusty Baker, manager of the Giants, the city's baseball team. Baker had just had surgery for prostate cancer, which was diagnosed after a “routine” blood test for prostate specific antigen (PSA).

A urologist was quoted as saying that PSA tests had made “a world of difference” in fighting prostate cancer because “doctors have been able to catch the tumors early before they have spread.” Baker's doctors had chosen surgery over other treatments, said the article, since surgery was “the surest way to prevent any return of the disease.”

Thousands of men would have seen this article and it would have left them with an extremely optimistic picture of the benefits of PSA testing and of prostate surgery.

We …
Abstract 15681: Endothelial Dysfunction, Arterial Stiffness and Inflammation Are Associated With Visual Impairment in Diabetic Patients
Authors: Nikolaos Gouliopoulos, Gerasimos Siasos, Marilita Moschos, Dimitrios Tousoulis, Evangelos Oikonomou, Georgia Siasou, Theodore Paraskevopoulos, Theodosia Konsola, Eleni Kokkou, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) leading to deterioration of vision. Hypothesis: We investigated the possible association of vascular function and inflammation with visual acuity in subjects with DM. Methods: We enrolled 100 consecutive subjects with DM. Patients were divided in those with DR (53 subjects, mean age 68±9) and those with no evidence of DR (NDR) (mean age 66±6). The diagnosis of DR was made by ophthalmoscopy and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measured in both eyes. A BCVA less than 0.8 was considered as severely impaired. Endothelial function was evaluated by flow mediated dilation (FMD) in the brachial artery and arterial stiffness was evaluated by carotid femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV). C reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL6) levels were measured. Results: Patients with DR compared to NDR patients had impaired FMD (3.42±1.08% vs. 5.39±1.47%, p&lt;0.001), impaired PWV (11.10±3.11m/sec vs. 9.02±2.13m/sec, p=0.001) and worse BCVA (p&lt;0.001). Moreover in DM subjects, BCVA was positively correlated with FMD, creatinine clearance, and inversely correlated with PWV, glycosylated hemoglobin levels, C- reactive protein levels, IL6 levels, age and with duration of diabetes mellitus (p&lt;0.01 for all). Interestingly, after adjustment for age, smoking habits and the aforementioned confounders, FMD, IL6 levels, DM duration and male gender were independently associated with BCVA (p&lt;0.05 for all). Moreover, ROC curve analysis revealed that both impaired FMD (AUC=0.79, p&lt;0.001) and PWV (AUC=0.8, p&lt;0.001) have a significant diagnostic ability in detecting diabetic subjects with severely impaired BCVA. More precisely, FMD less than 4.5% has a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 60%, while PWV over 10.0 m/sec has a sensitivity of 83% and a specificity of 68%, for the diagnosis of severely impaired BCVA. Conclusion: Patients with DR have significantly impaired visual acuity witch is associated with impaired vascular function and inflammation. Moreover, both endothelial function and arterial stiffness were high sensitivity predictors of visual impairment highlighting their potential role on the prevention and management of the complications in diabetes mellitus.
Mechanistic insights revealed by lipid profiling in monogenic insulin resistance syndromes
Authors: Michael Eiden, Albert Koulman, Mensud Hatunic, James A. West, Steven Murfitt, Michael Osei, Claire Adams, Xinzhu Wang, Yajing Chu, Luke Marney, Lee D. Roberts, Stephen O’Rahilly, Robert K. Semple, David B. Savage, Julian L. Griffin
Journal: Genome Medicine (2015)
Reply from Authors re: Mehrad Adibi, Jose A. Karam, Christopher G. Wood. Reporting Geographic and Temporal Trends in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Why Is This Important? Eur Urol 2015;67:531–2
Authors: Ariana Znaor, Joannie Lortet-Tieulent, Mathieu Laversanne, Ahmedin Jemal, Freddie Bray
Journal: European Urology (2014)
61. Prevention of Liver Cirrhosis Development in Rats with Recombinant SV40 Vectors Expressing IGF-I
Authors: Faris Farassati, Natasha Atanaskova, Corey Raffel, Patrick Johnston, Patrick Lee
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Oncolytic virus therapy is a novel and expanding approach for treatment of cancer. However, its success is dependent on clarification of signaling mechanisms involved in determination of cell permissiveness to such viral agents. Such data can lead to the development of strategies for increasing efficiency and specificity of oncolytic viruses. We have shown that transformation with oncogenes in Ras signaling pathway plays an essential role in the determination of cell permissiveness to herpes virus and some of its oncolytic mutants. In this study we provide evidence that transcription factors down-stream of Ras can be used as a marker to predict permissiveness of human lymphoma cell lines to R3616, an oncolytic version of herpes simplex virus-1 with deletions in both copies of the viral g134.5 gene. Different lymphoma cell lines including Radji, Daudi. Jurkat, CA46, ST486, NC37, U937, Ramas and Molt4 were infected with R3616 at MOI~0.5 and their permissiveness to this virus was evaluated by different methods such as western blotting for viral proteins and plaque titration for progeny virus.
Abstract 17859: Gender Difference in Underlying Plaque Morphology of the Culprit Lesion in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: an in vivo Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Sining Hu, Haibo Jia, Tsunenari Soeda, Yoshiyasu Minami, Rocco Vergallo, Yang-Soo Jang, Seung-Jung Park, Stephen Lee, Harry Lowe, Peter Barlis, Hang Lee, Shiro Uemura, Bo Yu, Ik-Kyung Jang
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Autopsy studies in sudden cardiac death subjects showed female had higher incidence of erosion. However, the incidence of erosion in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has not been systematically studied. Hypothesis: This study was to study the gender difference in the prevalence and morphological characteristics of the culprit lesion in patients with AMI using intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods: A total of 79 patients (65 male and 14 female) with AMI who underwent pre-intervention OCT imaging of the culprit lesion were included. Results: Baseline characteristics between the two groups were similar. In OCT findings, the incidence of thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) was slightly lower and the fibrous cap thickness was slightly thicker in female than in male, but the differences were not significant. Defining underlying plaque morphology by genders, plaque erosion was more prevalent in female than in male, whereas plaque rupture was more frequent in male (Table). Conclusions: Erosion was the most frequent cause of AMI in female patients, whereas plaque rupture is the predominant underlying pathology of AMI in male patients.
Clinical, molecular and epidemiological description of a cluster of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from injecting drug users with bacteraemia
Authors: F.J. Cooke, E. Gkrania-Klotsas, J.C. Howard, M. Stone, A.M. Kearns, M. Ganner, A.J. Carmichael, N.M. Brown
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
1000. Introns of the Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor (AT2) Enhance Its Adenoviral-Mediated Over-Expression In Vitro
Authors: Hongwei Li, Yongxin Gao, Mohan K. Raizada, Colin Sumners
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Top of pageAbstract
The angiotensin II type 2-receptor (AT2) has been implicated to play a role in cardiovascular, brain and renal function as well as in the modulation of various biological processes involved in development, cell differentiation, tissue repair and apoptosis. However, it's specific roles in these processes are far from established. In this study we have constructed two first generation recombinant adenoviral vectors that may be used to investigate the biological functions of the AT2: Ad5-G-AT2-GFP containing genomic AT2 (G-AT2) DNA with two introns and Ad5-C-AT2-GFP with AT2 cDNA (c-AT2). The foreign genes G-AT2, C-AT2 and GFP were driven separately by a CMV promoter. Primary cortical neuronal cultures, which contain low or undetectable levels of endogenous AT2, were grown for 7-10 days in 12-well plates. At this time, viral particles were added directly to the growth media (1×107 infectious units per well), and 3 days later the expression of AT2 or GFP were analyzed by immunocytochemistry, 125SI Angiotensin II binding, real-time PCR or Western blot. Transduction of neuronal cultures with Ad5-G-AT2-GFP led to a 41.6 fold higher AT2 expression than with Ad5-C-AT2-GFP, as determined by 125SI Angiotensin II binding. Real-time RT-PCR analysis showed AT2 mRNA level in neuronal culture transduced with Ad5-G-AT2-GFP was 40.8 fold higher than with Ad-C-AT2-GFP. In addition, a greater number of neurons in the Ad5-G-AT2-GFP transduced neuronal culture showed green fluorescence compared with Ad5-C-AT2-GFP transduced neuronal culture. By contrast, the expression of total GFP in Ad5-G-AT2-GFP transduced neuronal cultures was significantly lower than Ad5-C-AT2-GFP, according to Western blot data. Moreover, the green fluorescence of non-neuronal cells in the Ad5-C-AT2-GFP transduced neuronal cultures was much stronger than obtained with Ad5-G-AT2-GFP. In conclusion, the presence of the introns of the AT2 increased it's expression, at the transcriptional level, in primary neuronal cultures transduced with an AT2 recombinant Ad5 and inhibited the expression of GFP which was driven by another CMV promoter in the same recombinant Ad5 vector. Thus the increased over-expression obtained with the presence of AT2 introns may allow the use of lower numbers of viral particles, circumventing the problems of immunological toxicity obtained with Ad vectors.
Life and Times of Ambroise Paré (1510-1590). With a New Translation of his Apology and an Account of his Journeys in Divers Places.
Authors: Ambroise Paré, Francis R. Packard
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Interferon- Activates Multiple STAT Proteins and Upregulates Proliferation-Associated IL-2R, c-myc, and pim-1 Genes in Human T Cells
Authors: Sampsa Matikainen, Timo Sareneva, Tapani Ronni, Anne Lehtonen, Päivi J. Koskinen, Ilkka Julkunen
Journal: Blood (1999)
Asthma control test: Cut off values of control according to GINA guideline and its ability to predict exacerbations and treatment decisions
Authors: Fanny W.S. Ko, David S.C. Hui, Ting-Fan Leung, Jojo H.Y. Chu, Gary W.K. Wong, Susanna S.S. Ng, Christopher K.W. Lai
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: This study assessed ACT cut-off values for asthma control according to the GINA guideline in adults. ACT score in the prediction of exacerbations and serial changes in ACT score over time in relation to treatment decisions was also assessed.

Methods: Subjects completed ACT together with same-day spirometry and fractional concentration of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement at baseline and at 3 months. Physicians, blinded to the ACT scores and FeNO values, assessed the patient's asthma control in the past month and adjusted the asthma medications according to management guideline. Asthma exacerbations and urgent health care utilization (HCU) at 6 months were recorded.

Results: 379 (120 men) asthmatics completed the study. The ACT cut-off for uncontrolled and partly controlled asthma were ≤19 (sensitivity 0.73, specificity 0.67,% correctly classified 69.5) and ≤22 respectively (sensitivity 0.73, specificity 0.71,% correctly classified 72.1). Baseline ACT score had an odds ratio of 2.34 (95%CI 1.48-3.69) and 2.66 (1.70-4.18) for urgent HCU and exacerbations respectively at 6 months (p<0.0001). However, baseline FeNO and spirometry values had no association with urgent HCU and exacerbations. For serial changes of ACT scores over 3 months, the cutoff value was best at ≤3 for treatment decisions with low sensitivity (0.23) and% correctly classified (57.3%) values.

Conclusion: Single measurement of ACT is a useful tool for assessment of asthma control, prediction of exacerbation and changes in treatment decisions.
Tumescent liposuction in lipoedema yields good long-term results
Authors: W. Schmeller, M. Hueppe, I. Meier-Vollrath
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Lipoedema is a painful disease in women with circumscribed increased subcutaneous fatty tissue, oedema, pain and bruising. Whereas conservative methods with combined decongestive therapy (manual lymphatic drainage, compression garments) have been well established over the past 50years, surgical therapy with tumescent liposuction has only been used for about 10years and long-term results are unknown.To determine the efficacy of liposuction concerning appearance (body shape) and associated complaints after a long-term period.A total of 164 patients who had undergone conservative therapy over a period of years, were treated by liposuction under tumescent local anaesthesia with vibrating microcannulas. In a monocentric study, 112 could be re-evaluated with a standardized questionnaire after a mean of 3years and 8months (range 1year and 1month to 7years and 4months) following the initial surgery and a mean of 2years and 11months (8months to 6years and 10months) following the last surgery.All patients showed a distinct reduction of subcutaneous fatty tissue (average 9846mL per person) with improvement of shape and normalization of body proportions. Additionally, they reported either a marked improvement or a complete disappearance of spontaneous pain, sensitivity to pressure, oedema, bruising, restriction of movement and cosmetic impairment, resulting in a tremendous increase in quality of life; all these complaints were reduced significantly (P<0·001). Patients with lipoedema stage II and III showed better improvement compared with patients with stage I. Physical decongestive therapy could be either omitted (22·4% of cases) or continued to a much lower degree. No serious complications (wound infection rate 1·4%, bleeding rate 0·3%) were observed following surgery.Tumescent liposuction is a highly effective treatment for lipoedema with good morphological and functional long-term results.