tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2023: Effect Of Chronic Stretch Reversal On Atrial Remodeling In Humans: Implications For The Atrial Fibrillation Substrate
Authors: Bobby John, Martin K Stiles, Sunil T Chandy, Pawel K Kuklik, Glenn D Young, Jonathan M Kalman, Prashanthan Sanders
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : Chronic atrial stretch is an important determinant for atrial fibrillation (AF). Whether relief of stretch reverses the substrate predisposed to AF is unknown. Methods: Twenty one pts (31±9 years) with mitral stenosis (MS; MVA 0.89±0.1cm 2 ) undergoing mitral commissurotomy (MC) were studied by electrophysiological or electroanatomical mapping of both atria before and after MC. Multipolar catheters were placed in the lateral RA, Crista (CT), coronary sinus (CS), septal RA and LA. We measured: effective refractory period (ERP) at the LA appendage, septal/lateral LA roof, posterior LA, inferior LA, proximal/distal CS, low/high LRA and SRA at 600 and 450ms; P wave duration (PWD); double potentials (DP) or fractionated signals (FS) along CT; and conduction time along CS, LRA, inferior LA and LA roof. Activation and voltage maps were created to evaluate changes in conduction and voltage. In 14 pts, RA studies were repeated ≥6 months after MC. Results : Following MC, there was significant increase in MVA (2.1±0.3 cm 2, p&lt;0.0001) with decrease in LA (23±8 to 10±4 mmHg, p&lt;0.0001) and PA pressures (38±17 to 27±14mmHg, p&lt;0.0001) and LA volume (75±12 to 52±13ml, p&lt;0.0001). This was associated with no change in ERP and No. of DP/FS along the CT but with reduction in PWD (139±19 to 135±20ms, p=0.047), increase in conduction velocity (CV) in LA (1.3±0.3 to 1.7±0.2m/s, p=0.005) and RA (1.0±0.1 to 1.3±0.3 m/s, p=0.007) and increase in LA voltage (1.7±0.6 to 2.5±1.0 mV, p=0.05). Late after MC, there was a further decrease in PWD and RA ERP, with increase in RA CV (1.0±0.1 to 1.3±0.2 m/s, p=0.01) and voltage (1.7±0.7 to 2.8±0.6 mV, p=0.004) but with no change in other parameters. See table for details of pts studied late after MC. Conclusion: The electrophysiologic and electroanatomic abnormalities within the atria that result from MS are reversed after MC. These observations suggest that the substrate predisposing to atrial arrhythmias may be reversed. Results
Abstract 1076: Impact of Blood Pressure Control on All Cause Mortality in a Clinical Practice Setting
Authors: Vasilios Papademetriou, Richard Amdur, Michael Doumas, Costas Tsioufis, Peter Kokkinos, Charles Faselis, Ross D Fletcher
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Introduction : Hypertension treatment and control results in improvement in health outcomes. However the expected benefits from antihypertensive treatment have not been elucidated in the primary care setting.   Methods : In the late 1990s, the Washington DC VAMC employed a battery of recommendations to improve blood pressure (BP) control. In 42,346 patients with multiple BP measurements, systolic and diastolic BPs were averaged for each day of a mean period of 98 months of follow up and accordingly they were allocated to one of 3 groups: Always Controlled (n=8,144, 19.2%): BP controlled for all days of follow up, Partially Controlled (n=19,337, 45.7%): BP elevated up to 50% of days (28.2%±13.7) of follow up, and Not Controlled (n=14,865, 35.1%): BP elevated >50% of days (74.5%±14.8) of follow up.   Results : During the follow up period 6,293 (14.9%) died. Of those 816 patients (10%) died in the Always Controlled group, 2,988 (15.5%) in the partially controlled group and 2,489 (16.7%) patients died in the Not Controlled group(p   Conclusions :  High rates of BP control can be achieved in the usual clinical practice setting,  Sustained BP control resulted in the greatest reduction in mortality risk,  Partial BP control also provided mortality reduction.
Abstract 3078: The Poor Prognosis of Diabetic Patients with High Ankle-Brachial Index Depends on the Presence of Masked Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Victor Aboyans, Minh Hoang Tran, Claire Salamagne, Francoise Archambeaud, Michael H Criqui, Marc Laskar, Philippe Lacroix
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: A high ankle-brachial index (ABI &gt;1.40) is associated with poor prognosis. An underlying peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is frequent in diabetic patients with high ABI, although it cannot be adequately diagnosed by the ankle pressure measurement, due to stiff arteries. We hypothesized that in diabetic patients, the poor cardiovascular disease (CVD) prognosis associated with high ABI would depend on the coexistence of masked PAD. Methods: We reviewed the data of 403 consecutive diabetic patients who had a Doppler assessment of their lower limbs between 1999 and 2000. They were classified as “normal” when Doppler waveform patterns (DWP) were normal and ABI within the 0.91–1.39 range, “PAD only” in case of ABI ≤0.90, “stiff only” if ABI ≥1.40 with normal DWP, and “mixed disease” when ABI ≥1.40 with abnormal DWP. Patients were followed until 04/2008. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of any of the following events: death, stroke or myocardial infarction. Results: The patients (age: 65.6 ± 13.2 yrs, 54.6% females; 90.2% type-2 diabetes) were classified as “normal” (14.4%), “PAD only” (48.4%), “stiff only” (16.4%) and “mixed disease” (20.8%). During a mean follow-up of 6.5 years, the event-free survival curves of “PAD only” and “mixed disease” groups showed poorer prognosis than the “stiff only” and “normal” groups (figure ). In a model adjusted for age, sex, diabetes type and duration, traditional CVD risk factors, renal failure and CVD history, only the presence of PAD was significantly associated with the primary endpoint (OR: 3.36 (1.25 – 4.44), p=0.008). Conclusions: In diabetic patients with high ABI (&gt;1.40), only those with an associated PAD have a poorer prognosis.
Abstract 70: The Difference of Cardiac Mitochondrial Damage Between Ventricular Fibrillation and Asphyxial Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Chien-Hua Huang, Min-Shan Tsai, Chia-Ying Tsai, Chiung-Yuan Hsu, Wei-Tien Chang, Wen-Jone Chen
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Ventricular fibrillation and asphyxia account for vast majority of cardiac arrest. The course of cardiac arrest, neurological deficit and myocardial dysfunction differs between these two causes of cardiac arrest. However, the difference of cardiac mitochondrial damage between VF and asphyxial cardiac arrest remains unclear.   Hypothesis:  The cardiac mitochondrial damage in VF cardiac arrest differs from that in asphyxial cardiac arrest.   Methods:  The animals were equally randomized to asphyxia, VF and sham groups. In rats of VF group, VF was induced and untreated for 5 minutes, followed by 1 minutes of CPR, and then one electrical shock of 5 J. After the electrical shock, animals were sacrificed immediately. In the asphyxia group, cardiac arrest was induced by airway obstruction and maintained for 5 minutes, followed by 1minutes of CPR, and then sacrificed. The mitochondria were isolated from left ventricles for measurement of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and complex activity.   Results:  The Glomori stain showed that both the asphyxial and VF cardiac arrest resulted in subsarcolemmal aggregation of mitochondria, suggesting mitochondrial damage. The rate of Ca 2+ -induced mitochondrial swelling in the asphyxia group was significantly faster than that of the VF group ( p   p   p     Conclusions:  Both VF cardiac arrest and asphyxial cardiac arrest cause cardiac mitochondrial damage. There is difference of mitochondrial damage between these two models of cardiac arrest.
Abstract 13730: Brain Callosal Fiber Injury is Localized in Patients with Heart Failure
Authors: Mary A Woo, Rajesh Kumar, Paul M Macey, Gregg C Fonarow, Michele A Hamilton, Jennifer A Ogren, Ronald M Harper
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Heart failure (HF) patients show cognitive, motor, and affective deficits. The corpus callosum (CC), which passes fibers from one hemisphere to the other, carries axons serving those functions. However, the extent of CC fiber integrity in HF is unclear; yet that integrity can be assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based fiber tractography procedures.

Methods: We collected four DTI series from 16 HF (age 55.1±7.8 years; BMI 29.6±5.8 kg/m2; 12 male; LVEF 28±7; 5 of ischemic etiology) and 25 control (age 49.4±10.9 years; BMI 26.0±3.7 kg/m2; 17 male) subjects using a 3.0-Tesla MRI scanner. DTI series were realigned, averaged, and whole-brain fiber tracks were calculated. Regional CC fiber counts were evaluated with fiber tractography procedures, including sites that project to prefrontal, premotor, sensory-motor, parietal, temporal, and occipital areas. Demographic data were assessed with independent samples t-tests and Chi-square, and regional CC fiber counts between groups were determined with ANCOVA (covariates; age and gender).

Results: No significant differences in age (p = 0.06) or gender (p = 0.63) emerged between the groups. BMI showed that HF subjects were significantly larger (heavier) than control subjects (p=0.04). Regional CC evaluation showed significantly reduced fiber counts in HF compared to control subjects in sites that project to temporal (HF vs controls; 272.7±75.9 vs 315.7±74.8, p = 0.03) and occipital areas (397.5±103.7 vs 471.1±77.9, p = 0.008). Fiber projections from the temporal and occipital CC areas are shown in a HF and age- and gender-matched control subject (Fig. 1). Other CC sites showed no significant differences between the groups.

Conclusion: Selective CC fibers in HF are reduced in sites that project to cognitive, motor, and emotion regulatory areas. Such site-specific fiber reduction may result from, and contribute to, characteristics found in the syndrome.

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Abstract 14116: Prognostic Utility of Heart Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Sen Matsumoto, Yasuhiko Sakata, Daisaku Nakatani, Shinichirou Suna, Masaya Usami, Masahiko Hara, Tatsuya Sasaki, Hiroshi Sato, Masatsugu Hori, Shinsuke Nanto, Issei Komuro
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Aims; Although diagnostic utility of heart type fatty acid binding protein (H-FABP) is well known for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), little is known about its prognostic value after AMI. Method...
Abstract 18107: Mediterranean Diet Modifies Beneficially the Metabolic Profile Among Elderly People With High Rates of Depression. The Ikaria Study.
Authors: Christina Chrysohoou, Evaggelos Oikonomou, Vasiliki Metaxa, George Lazaros, Dimitris Tsiachris, George Tsitsinakis, Andreas Margazas, Stella Kyvellou, Polina Kourkouti, Kostas Zisimos, Christos Pitsavos, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  For centuries Ikaria has been an ideal place for relaxing. Recently, Ikaria island9s residents show well above average age expectancy; which can be explained by the type of their diet. We investigated the association of Mediterranean diet(MD) on clinical status and cardiovascular risk profile of elderly men and women, living in Ikaria Island.   Methods:  From June to October of 2009, we studied 343 men and 330 women, aged 65 to 100 years, permanent inhabitants of Ikaria. Adoption of the MD, using the MedDietScore (range 0-55), was evaluated against the presence of cardiovascular risk and lifestyle factors, anthropometric indices, physical activity and biochemical parameters. The metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined according to the NCEP ATP III criteria. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the short version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS range 0-15).   Results:  23% of men and 19% of women reported known cardiovascular disease(CVD), 32% of men and 25% of women had diabetes, 75% of men and 68% of women had hypertension, 62% of men and 69% of women had hypercholesterolemia, and 29% of men and 30% of women were obese. More than 90% of the participants reported consistent to their dietary habits for the past 3-4 decades; while the mean MD score was 38±3 in both sexes. Participants in the higher tertile of GDS-score had higher prevalence of MS (66%vs. 53%, p=0.02), fewer years of education (7±1.5vs 8.5±1.4, p=0.05), higher prevalence of hypertension (66% vs. 58%, p=0.04), diabetes(27% vs. 20%, p=0.04), CVD (23% vs.16%, p=0.04), and lower fitness status, compared to those in the lower tertile of GDS-scale. Every 1-unit increase in GDS-score was associated with a 12% higher likelihood of having an additional CVD risk factor; while GDS was associated with the existence of MS (OR=1.072, p=0.016). When we stratified our analysis in the elderly with high depression values, we found that MD was inversely correlated to the number of MS factors (b=-0,219, CI=-0.17-0, p=0.05), after controlling for several cofounders.   Conclusions:  Depression symptoms are positively associated with cardiovascular risk factors, CVD and MS prevalence in elderly. Adherence to MD seems to protect against the accumulation of MS factors in elderly people, even with high rates of depression.
Abstract 2154: TAXUS ATLAS SMALL VESSEL: First Report of 9-Month Clinical and Angiographic Outcomes - Evaluation of the TAXUS Liberte 2.25 mm Stent, a Drug-Eluting Stent Specifically Designed for Small Vessels
Authors: John A Ormiston, Mark A Turco, Lazar Mandinov, Jeffrey J Popma, Jack J Hall, Gregory J Mishkel, Tift Mann, Thomas F McGarry, Louis A Cannon, Gregg W Stone, Charles D O'Shaughnessy, Ian C Gilchrist, Joerg Koglin, Donald S Baim
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Abstract 9037: Hemodynamics and Myocardial Blood Flow Patterns Following Placement of a Cardiac Passive Restraint Device in a Model of Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Jennifer A Dixon, Amy M Goodman, William F Gaillard, William T Rivers, Richard A McKinney, Rupak Mukherjee, Nathaniel L Baker, John S Ikonomidis, Francis G Spinale
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: While cardiac passive restraint devices (CPRDs) can favorably affect LV function with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), the effects on a critical determinant of myocardial function, blood f...
P0612 : Interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10 promoter polymorphism related with end-of-treatment HBsAg levels and had complementary role in prediction of sustained virologic response to peginterferon in HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B: Multicenter study
Authors: K. Thanapirom, S. Suksawatamnuay, W. Sukeepaisarnjareon, T. Tanwandee, S. Thongsawat, A. Leerapun, T. Piratvisuth, R. Boonsirichan, C. Bunchorntavakul, C. Pattanasirigool, B. Pornthisarn, S. Tantipanichtheerakul, E. Sripariwuth, W. Jeamsripong, T. Sanpajit, Y. Poovorawan, P. Komolmit
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Total Knee Replacement in Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: D S Kaltsas, D J Klugman
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Between 1974 and 1983, 187 total knee replacements were performed in 163 patients at four East Kent district general hospitals. With few exceptions pain was the most common indication for the operation and it produced complete or almost complete relief in 90% of cases. The most frequently used prostheses were the Attenborough, Stanmore and Geomedic.
Abstract 2711: The Modification Of Collagen Type I Turnover Is Associated With Long-term Response To Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Begoña Lopez-Salazar, Alfonso Macias, Juan Jose Gavira, Javier Diez-Martinez, Ignacio Garcia-Bolao
Journal: Circulation (2007)

We investigated whether modification of collagen type I turnover is related to the long-term response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). Methods and Results: Serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I or PICP (a marker of collagen type I synthesis), carboxy-terminal telopeptide of collagen type I or CITP (a marker of collagen type I degradation), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -9 and tissue inhibitor of MMP (TIMP)-1, were measured in 54 patients (35 responders) at baseline and after 1 year of CRT. At baseline, PICP and the ratio PICP: CITP were higher (p &lt; 0.01) in responders than in nonresponders. At 1-year, both PICP (p &lt; 0.005) and the ratio PICP:CITP (p &lt; 0.05) decreased in responders, while increased in nonresponders (p &lt; 0.005 and p &lt; 0.05, respectively). MMP-1 (p &lt; 0.05), MMP-9 (p &lt; 0.005), and the ratio MMP-1:TIMP-1 (p &lt; 0.01) increased, while TIMP-1 decreased (p &lt; 0.005) in responders, but remained unchanged in nonresponders. The ratio PICP:CITP correlated inversely with ejection fraction (r = -0.501, p &lt; 0.01) and directly with left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (r = 0.376, p &lt; 0.05) in responders after CRT. Direct correlations were found between MMP-1, and -9 and ejection fraction (r = 0.315, p &lt; 0.05, r = 0.516, p &lt; 0.01) in responders after CRT. Conclusions The ability of CRT to modify collagen type I turnover (i.e. decreasing synthesis and increasing degradation) is associated with its long-term response.
Abstract 5686: Predictors of Hypocalcemia after Wide Area Circumferential Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Matthew S Forcina, Matthew Luff, Anish Amin, Frank A Cuoco, Matthew H Klein, Brent A Lawhon, Barbara J Knick, J. Lacy Sturdivant, Robert B Leman, Michael R Gold, J. Marcus Wharton
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: Hypocalcemia occurs frequently after wide area circumferential ablation (WACA) of atrial fibrillation and is more common with the use of open-irrigated tip ablation catheters (ITAC) than 8-mm tip ablation catheters. The mechanism of this phenomenon is unknown, but may be related to binding of calcium to myocardial proteins, volume infusion, or other factors. The present study aims to identify variables associated with acute hypocalcemia after WACA with ITAC. Methods: We analyzed 106 patients undergoing WACA with ITAC. Pre- and post-procedural values of calcium, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), hemoglobin, cardiac enzymes (CK, CK-MB and troponin-I), albumin, left atrial size, presence of post-procedure pericardial effusion, infused volume of normal saline, urine output, heparin, furosemide dosage, and procedure time were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to determine variables associated with post-ablation hypocalcemia. Results: The population had mean age of 59±9 years, mean weight of 95±22 kilograms, and 76% were male. Mean pre-procedure GFR was 101±39 mL/min, and mean volume of normal saline infused was 5.5±1.3 liters. The means for pre-procedure calcium, post-procedure calcium, and decrease in calcium were 9.2±0.4, 7.3±0.6, and 1.9±0.7 mg/dL respectively. Of the variables measured, multivariate analysis identified pre-procedure GFR (parameter estimate −0.005) and infused volume of normal saline (parameter estimate 0.11) as factors independently associated with post-ablation hypocalcemia (p value = 0.03). Factors associated with myocardial injury were not apparently related. Conclusions: Lower GFR and higher infused volume of normal saline correlated with acute hypocalcemia after WACA with ITAC. Rather than binding to injured myocardium, these results suggest impaired renal calcium absorption and/or dilutional effects as the principal mechanism(s).
Abstract 2886: Angiotesin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Attenuate Age-related Progression of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy - A Serial Volumetric Intravascular Ultrasound Study
Authors: Keon-Woong Moon, Ilke Sipahi, Stephen J Nicholls, Paul Schoenhagen, Srinivasa R Kalidindi, Samir R Kapadia, Randall C Starling, Robert E Hobbs, Kursad Erinc, William A Magyar, Steven E Nissen, E. M Tuzcu
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background : The development of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) portends an adverse clinical outcome in heart transplant recipients. Previous studies of clinical predictors of CAV have investigated small cohorts and have not evaluated the volumetric extent of disease. This study determined predictors of progression of the volumetric severity of vasculopathy in a large cohort of heart transplant recipients. Methods : Serial intravascular ultrasound examinations were performed in 119 heart transplant recipients at 1 month and 1 year following transplantation. Clinical predictors of serial changes in atheroma volume were determined. In particular, the impact of donor and recipient age stratified according to the median was investigated. Results : Patients ( donor age 33.3 ± 14.2 years, recipient age 54.5 ± 12.6 years, 71.9 % male) demonstrated an increase in atheroma volume (64.2 ± 41.7 mm 3 at 1 month vs. 78.1 ± 53.4 mm 3 at 1 year, p &lt; 0.001) and a decrease in lumen volume (334.2 ± 197.3 mm 3 at 1 month vs. 321.6 ± 187.8 mm 3 at 1 year, p = 0.001). Greater increases in atheroma volume were observed in the setting of older donor age (r = 0.24, p = 0.008), older recipient age (r = 0.23, p = 0.01) and recipients not treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (without ACE inhibitor, 21.1 ± 33.3 mm 3 vs. with ACE inhibitor, 9.1 ± 27.6 mm 3 , p = 0.03). In multivariate analysis, donor age ( p = 0.01) and the lack of treatment with an ACE inhibitor ( p = 0.02) remained independent predictors of increases in atheroma volume. Increased disease progression with age was attenuated with the use of ACE inhibitors (table ). Conclusion : Donor age and ACE inhibitor treatment are major determinants of CAV progression. This analysis suggests that treatment with ACE inhibitors would attenuate age-related progression of CAV. Large randomized clinical trials are warranted to ascertain such a beneficial effect.
Abstract 726: Nox4 Expression in Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages: Upregulation by Oxidized LDL via a MEK-ERK1/2-dependent Pathway
Authors: Mu Qiao, Reto Asmis
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Nox4 is member of the family of NADPH oxidase expressed in endothelium and smooth muscle cells, but has not previously been reported in human monocytes or monocyte-derived macrophages. We now identified Nox4 as a new Nox member in human monocytes and monocyte-derived macrophages. Nox4 and the phagocytic NADPH oxidase gp91/Nox2 were differentially regulated during monocyte differentiation. In contrast to Nox2, Nox4 protein expression was upregulated in mature human macrophages, and confocal microscopy revealed that Nox4 colocalized primarily with mitochondria. Exposure of macrophages to OxLDL for 24 h further increased Nox4 expression in a concentration-dependent manner. OxLDL-induced Nox4 expression was blocked by inhibitors of MEK1/2, UO126 and PD98059, but not by SB203580 and SP600125, inhibitors of p38MAPK or JNK, respectively. Furthermore, MEK inhibitors, but not inhibitors of p38MAPK or JNK, protected macrophages from OxLDL-induced cell injury, identifying a MEK/ERK1/2-dependent signaling pathway upstream of OxLDL-induced Nox4 expression that is involved in macrophage death. Previously, we showed that OxLDL stimulates the intracellular formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human macrophages, but the source of these ROS remained elusive. We also demonstrated that the peroxyl radical scavenger Trolox protects macrophages from OxLDL-induced cell injury. Interestingly, Trolox did not prevent Nox4 expression induced by OxLDL, suggesting that Trolox acts downstream of OxLDL-induced Nox4 expression. These results not only identify Nox4 as a new intracellular source of ROS in macrophages, but also implicate Nox4 in OxLDL-induced ROS formation and macrophage death, which may have important implications for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.