tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia successfully treated with imiquimod
Authors: P. Redondo, J. Del Olmo, M. Idoate
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2004)

Journal Article Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia successfully treated with imiquimod Get access P. Redondo, P. Redondo Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain E‐mail: predondo@unav.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Del Olmo, J. Del Olmo Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain E‐mail: predondo@unav.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Idoate M. Idoate Departments of Dermatology and Pathology, University Clinic of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain E‐mail: predondo@unav.es Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 151, Issue 5, 1 November 2004, Pages 1110–1111, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06263.x Published: 01 November 2004
Loss of Cxcl12/Sdf-1 in adult mice decreases the quiescent state of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells and alters the pattern of hematopoietic regeneration after myelosuppression
Authors: Yi-Shiuan Tzeng, Hung Li, Yuan-Lin Kang, Wen-Cheng Chen, Wei-Cheng Cheng, Dar-Ming Lai
Journal: Blood (2010)
Hyperphosphatemic Tumoral Calcinosis
Authors: MELVIN J. PRINCE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Seven siblings with hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis were studied using metabolic measures. Serum phosphorus and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol concentrations were significantly increased and serum parathyroid hormone and 25-hydroxycholecalciferol concentrations were significantly decreased in these subjects. Metabolic balance studies done in three of the siblings showed positive calcium and phosphorus balances, reflected by increased gastrointestinal absorption and decreased renal excretion. These data suggest that a hereditary abnormality of vitamin D metabolism may be present in patients with hyperphosphatemic tumoral calcinosis. Failure of the normal feedback mechanism regulating the 25-hydroxy-1-alpha-hydroxylase enzyme is suggested as the major cause. Although this defect could lead to many of the metabolic abnormalities seen in these patients, the overall contribution of altered vitamin D metabolism to the pathogenesis of tumoral calcinosis is not fully understood.
Selectivity in Bone Targeting with Multivalent Dendritic Polyanion Dye Conjugates
Authors: Dominic Gröger, Michael Kerschnitzki, Marie Weinhart, Sabine Reimann, Tobias Schneider, Benjamin Kohl, Wolfgang Wagermaier, Gundula Schulze‐Tanzil, Peter Fratzl, Rainer Haag
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2013)

Targeting bone with anionic macromolecules is a potent approach for the development of novel diagnostics and therapeutics for bone related diseases. A highly efficient modular synthesis of dendritic polyglycerol (dPG) polyanion dye conjugates, namely, sulfates, sulfonates, carboxylates, phosphates, phosphonates, and bisphosphonates via click chemistry is presented. By investigating the microarchitecture of stained bone sections with confocal laser scanning microscopy, the bisphosphonate, phosphonate, and phosphate functionalized polymers are identified as strongly penetrating compounds, whereas sulfates, sulfonates, and carboxylates reveal a weaker binding to hydroxyapatite (HA) but a more pronounced affinity toward collagen. In a quantitative HA binding assay, the affinity of the dPG sulfonate, sulfate, and carboxylate toward collagen and the exceptional high HA affinity of the phosphorous containing polyelectrolytes are validated. This shows the potential of dendritic polyphosphates and phosphonates as alternatives to the commonly employed bisphosphonate modification. In cytotoxicity studies with murine fibroblasts, the conjugates have no significant effect on the cell viability at 10 ‐5 m . All polyanions are taken up into the cells within 24 h. The presented synthetic approach allows versatile extensions for preparing conjugates for selective bone imaging applications, tissue engineering, and drug delivery.
CD4+ but not CD8+ cells are essential for allorejection.
Authors: N R Krieger, D P Yin, C G Fathman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

The generation of knockout mice with targeted gene disruption has provided a valuable tool for studying the immune response. Here we describe the use of CD4 and CD8 knockout mice to examine the role of CD4+ and CD8+ cells in initiating allotransplantation rejection. Pretreatment with a brief course of depletive anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody therapy allowed permanent survival of heart, but not skin, allografts transplanted across a major histocompatibility barrier. However, skin as well as heart grafts were permanently accepted in the CD4 knockout mice. Transfer of CD4+ cells into CD4 knockout recipient mice 1 d before skin engraftment reconstituted rejection, demonstrating that CD4+ cells are necessary for initiating rejection of allogeneic transplants. Major histocompatibility complex disparate heart and skin allografts transplanted into CD8 knockout recipients were rejected within 10 d. This study demonstrates that CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells are absolutely required to initiate allograft rejection.
The association of host and genetic melanoma risk factors with Breslow thickness in the Western Australian Melanoma Health Study
Authors: G. Cadby, S.V. Ward, J.M. Cole, E.K. Moses, M. Millward, L.J. Palmer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2014)

Breslow thickness is the most important predictor of survival in localized malignant melanoma. A number of melanoma risk factors have been shown to be associated with Breslow thickness; however, the role of genetic loci has been little investigated to date.To investigate the association of known melanoma susceptibility genetic loci with Breslow thickness.Participants were 800 individuals from the Western Australian Melanoma Health Study who completed a questionnaire and provided a DNA sample. Genetic association analyses between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 15 candidate melanoma susceptibility genes and Breslow thickness were performed, controlling for relevant covariates.Older age at diagnosis and absence of naevi were associated with increased Breslow thickness. Following adjustment for multiple testing, no SNPs were significantly associated with Breslow thickness.Associations observed between Breslow thickness and age and naevi reinforce current knowledge. Some evidence of shared genetic determinants between melanoma risk and Breslow thickness was found. Further studies are required to confirm this finding.
Culture of<i>T. whipplei</i>from the Stool of a Patient with Whipple's Disease
Authors: Didier Raoult, Florence Fenollar, Marie-Laure Birg
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: Tropheryma whipplei (formerly T. whippelii) causes Whipple's disease, an infectious disorder involving the digestive tract.1 The organism can be seen within macrophages in the duoden...
Commentary: avoid surveys masquerading as research
Authors: S. Lydeard
Journal: BMJ (1996)

The past few years have seen a significant increase in the number of questionnaire surveys focused on the attributes, behaviour, attitudes, and beliefs of general practitioners in particular, but also other health care professionals and managers. While surveys often contribute to research methods, not all surveys are research: the difference lies in the type of question they are best equipped to answer and in the inherent sources of error found in any research process. The end point for most surveys is the identification of the current position or baseline—in other words “Where am I now?” Scientific research may require the use of a survey to identify the starting point, but the end point is evidence of “best practice” and an answer to the question, “Where do I want to be?”

McAvoy and Kaner review the reasons for general practitioners' non-response to questionnaires and propose several suggestions for improving participation. In general, many factors affect …
Abstract 2804: Increased metastasis linked to defective mitochondria and elevated ROS in BNip3 deficient mammary tumorigenesis
Authors: Kristin Tracy, Hong Chen, Sandra Barth, Kay F. Macleod
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract BNIP3 is a hypoxia-inducible mitochondrial protein that has been implicated in mitochondrial fragmentation and subsequent mitophagy. BNIP3 protein has also been shown to be up-regulated at pre-malignant stages of various different human cancers, including breast cancer and down-regulated later through a variety of mechanisms, including promoter methylation and altered sub-cellular localization. With an established role for hypoxia in promoting invasiveness and progression to metastasis in breast cancer, we were interested to determine how BNIP3 (as a HIF target gene) acted in tumor progression. To do this, we crossed mice carrying a targeted deletion in the mouse BNip3 gene to the MMTV-PyMT mouse model of breast cancer. All analyses were performed on mice backcrossed onto a pure FVB/N genetic background. We show that while loss of BNip3 has only a modest effect on primary tumor growth, there is a highly significant increase in the numbers of lung metastases and a reduced latency to metastasis in the MMTV-PyMTl;BNip3-/- mice compared to control MMTV-PyMT;BNip3+/+ mice. BNip3 null tumors showed increased invasive properties and nuclear grade at earlier stages that were transplantable to wild-type host mice arguing that the phenotype was cell-intrinsic to BNip3 null tumor cells. This invasive pathology was also associated with increased tumor cell proliferation, increased HIF-1α levels, increased CD31-positive blood vessel formation and elevated MMPase activity. BNip3 null tumor cells exhibited abnormal mitochondria, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and increased ROS levels. In vitro, quenching ROS limited the increased invasion/migration properties of BNip3 null tumor cells under hypoxia. These results suggest that BNip3 is a metastasis suppressor by virtue of its role in maintaining mitochondrial integrity that mitigates against the metastasis promoting activity of hypoxia. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2804. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2804
False Hope on Drug Availability-Reply
Authors: S. Harvey Sklar
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> It was certainly not our intention to raise false hope for anyone concerned with the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, specifically pertaining to the availability of AMP for use. Our article was clearly placed in the category of PRELIMINARY COMMUNICATION, the results reported were clearly investigational clinical trials, and no recommendations for immediate and widespread use of AMP were made. Drug availability, information on supplies, and trade names of products are not commonly included in this type of a communication, although we can sympathize with patients seeking immediate relief from their neuralgia even from the drug still undergoing investigational trials. With any new or investigational agent being evaluated for human use, drug safety and therapeutic effectiveness will have to be documented before widespread administration can be warranted.
Predictors of the Long-Term Outcome After Combined Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery
Authors: J. Turina, T. Stark, B. Seifert, M. Turina
Journal: Circulation (1999)

The influence of preoperative clinical, hemodynamic, and surgical procedures on long-term prognosis after combined aortic and mitral valve surgery is not well known.One hundred seventy patients (mean age, 50.5 years; 102 men and 68 women) who underwent surgery for chronic combined aortic and mitral valvular disease between 1975 and 1989 were followed up for an average of 10.6 years. Additional repair of tricuspid valve was performed in 29 patients (17%), and aortocoronary bypass graft surgery was performed in 7 patients (4.1%). The perioperative mortality rate was 4%, and 10- and 20-year survival rates were 61% and 33%. Only 12 of 94 deaths (11%) were non-cardiac related. At 10 and 20 years, 57% and 21% of patients were free of reoperation, respectively. The main predictors of late survival in univariate analysis were age at surgery (P=0.0002), preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (P=0.002), cardiac index (P=0.007), tricuspid surgery (P=0.03), pulmonary vascular resistance (P=0.03), NYHA class (P=0.04), and additional aortocoronary bypass graft surgery (P=0.04). Duration of symptoms, gender, cause of valvular disease, and type of prosthesis were not predictive of postoperative outcome. In multivariate stepwise Cox analysis, ejection fraction (P=0.0008), age at surgery (P=0.0011), and tricuspid surgery (P=0. 007) were independent predictors of late survival.In combined aortic and mitral valve disease, preoperative myocardial function is the main predictor of long-term survival. Low operative mortality rates and good late outcome make valve replacement mandatory before deterioration of myocardial function occurs. Additional tricuspid valve disease requiring surgery significantly decreases the late survival rate.
HPLC–MS and HPLC–MS/MS analysis of seven active constituents of Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction and application to a pharmacokinetic study after oral administration to rat
Authors: Yilin Wang, Chunguang Ding, Caisheng Wu, Kehe Du, Jinlan Zhang, Hailin Qin, Jinfeng Hou, Guanhua Du
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2012)

Xiao-xu-ming decoction (XXMD) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has been widely used to treat theoplegia and its sequelae. This paper reports the development of three separate assays based on reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS) and HPLC–MS/MS for the determination of seven active constituents of XXMD viz oroxylin A-7-O-glucuronide, wogonoside, liquiritigenin, cimifugin, 5-O-methylvisammiol, glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid in rat plasma. All calibration curves were linear (r >0.99) with lower limits of quantitation (LLOQs)<12.4 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day precisions (as relative standard deviation) were all <10.7% with recoveries in the range of 88.7–113%. In addition, the seven analytes were shown to be stable in rat plasma samples under relevant storage conditions. The validated methods were successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study in rat after oral administration of XXMD.
Britain ignores UN convention on children's rights
Authors: L. Dillner
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Britain continues to ignore the rights of children despite having ratified the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child two years ago, says a report from the Children's Rights Development Unit. The unit, set up as a charity to audit Britain's implementation of the convention, claims that the government, which has already given its own report on its progress to the UN, is complacent and dishonest.

The convention has 54 articles that cover all aspects of children's lives, such as their right to adequate housing, to agreed standards of health care, to safety at school, and to play in safe areas. Central to the convention is article 12, which states that children should have the right …
Guidelines on prevention of venous thromboembolism during long haul flights
Authors: C Campbell
Journal: Thorax (2003)

<b>Background:</b> Asthma exacerbation is the most established association between pollution and disease. However most of the studies in this field are made in big cities, where pollution levels are high. <b>Aims:</b> To confirm the influence of air pollution levels on asthma exacerbations leading to Emergency Department (ED) visits in Valladolid, a small city in Spain. <b>Methods:</b> ED visits for asthma were collected from 2010 to 2018 in the <i>Río Hortega University Hospital</i>. Air pollutants (NO, NO<sub>2</sub>, CO, O<sub>3</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and meteorological data (temperature, rainfall) were gathered from Valladolid City Council. The association between pollutants and ED visits was analyzed using linear regression with Poisson distribution. Daily values and the peak value within four time-lags (0, 1, 3, 7 days prior exacerbation) were used to parameterize pollutant levels and asses a potential delayed influence of pollution. <b>Results:</b> 2527 visits from 1588 patients were collected. The highest number of visits was detected in January (65% increase from predicted if no-stationarity). Temperature and month were considered confounding factors. A statistically significant association was found for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, NO, NO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>3</sub> (table 1). Each pollutant reached its highest influence on different time lags. <b>Conclusions:</b> There is a significant connection between air pollution and asthma exacerbations even in a small city with moderate contamination levels.
TCT-195 Novel Quantitative Virtual Histology Parameters in the Asymptomatic and Symptomatic Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque Imaging: Data from the First 222 Patients in CRACK-VH Study
Authors: Piotr Musialek, Lukasz Tekieli, Piotr Pieniazek, Adam Mazurek, Wladyslaw Dabrowski, Anna Kablak-Ziembicka, Tadeusz Przewlocki, Anetta Undas, Krzysztof Zmudka, Wieslawa Tracz, Piotr Podolec
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Bogota launches health tourism project
Authors: O. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (2002)

The city authorities in Bogota have launched an ambitious project designed to convince their fellow Latin Americans that, despite the city's reputation for violence, visiting the Colombian capital can actually be good for their health.

The Capital Health project plans to capitalise on Bogota's high quality medical services to attract patients to the city from neighbouring countries such as Ecuador, Venezuela, and Panama. The long term aim is to establish the city as Latin America's premier healthcare centre.

At present Latin Americans needing specialist care unavailable in their own countries have to travel, if they can afford it, to Miami or Cuba. Bogota's …
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli and life threatening chronic diarrhoea.
Authors: S M Hill, A D Phillips, J A Walker-Smith
Journal: Gut (1991)

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) infection is not generally thought to cause severe diarrhoea after the neonatal period. Patients admitted to Queen Elizabeth Hospital for Children over the three years (1984-7) with diarrhoea and EPEC infection were reviewed. Clinical details, features of small intestinal mucosa, and treatment were recorded in those who developed chronic diarrhoea with failure to thrive. Twenty six children with EPEC required hospital admission for diarrhoea and six of these (23%) developed chronic diarrhoea. In contrast only two (5%) of 42 with other serogroups of E coli (p less than 0.01) and 28 (4%) of 764 children without EPEC admitted with acute diarrhoea developed chronic symptoms (p less than 0.01). EPEC serogroups detected in the stool of the six children with chronic diarrhoea were 0128 in three, 0114 in two, and 0119 in one. The patients' clinical characteristics were: previous good health, no significant immunodeficiency, age 4-10 months, foreign travel (three of six), severe life threatening secretory diarrhoea from 0.5 to 1.5 1 per day (four of six), small intestinal enteropathy (five of six) three of whom showed mucosal adherent, non-invasive E coli of the same serotype as that in the stool, in association with microvillous loss and pedestal formation. All were treated with hypoallergenic feeds, two with parenteral nutrition, and three with parenteral antibiotics. All eventually recovered. EPEC infection is a common treatable cause of life threatening chronic diarrhoea in infancy.
The High Way: Driving Under Influences Other Than Alcohol
Authors: Keith E. Saylor
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Driving under the influence of drugs other than or in combination with alcohol poses a serious threat to highway safety. National Highway Transportation Safety Administration studies have shown that between 14% and 50% of impaired drivers whose blood alcohol concentration was below the legal limit tested positive for drugs, including marijuana, diazepam, barbiturates, and cocaine.<sup>1</sup>For drivers involved in serious accidents, recent marijuana use has been reported in over 30% of the samples tested.<sup>2,3</sup>One study of fatally injured drivers detected one or more drugs in 81% of the sample; a New York City study reported 25% of fatally injured drivers had used cocaine prior to their accidents.<sup>4,5</sup>Generally, in these studies, as the seriousness of the accident increased, the likelihood for drug use in combination with alcohol increased. Legislation and public policy that primarily focus on the hazards of drunk driving have
New campaign focuses on "unseen harms" of alcohol
Authors: S. Cook
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The number of deaths from alcohol in the United Kingdom has doubled in the past 16 years, with nearly 10 000 people dying in 2008 because of excessive consumption.

Data from the Office for National Statistics show that alcohol related deaths have risen substantially since the early 1990s, from 6.7 per 100 000 population in 1992 to 13.6 per 100 000 in 2008 (9031 deaths). Males accounted for 66% of all alcohol related deaths in 2008.

A campaign to raise public awareness of the unseen harms caused by alcohol was launched on 28 January by the Department of Health, in association with Cancer …
Limitations of paired comparisons of topical drugs
Authors: RICHARD R. MARPLES, ALBERT M. KLIGMAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

SUMMARY

The spread of a drug from the site of application to other areas of skin may give rise to false interpretations in paired comparison tests of efficacy. In infected dermatoses treated with topical neomycin the placebo treated site improved clinically and there was almost as great a reduction in the Staphylococcus aureus population. Applied to one axilla, topical penicillin engendered resistance among cocci in both axillae. Similarly, washing one axilla with a bacteriostatic soap greatly reduced the microflora in the opposite axilla. When potent antibacterial agents such as chloramphenicol or sodium pyridinethione were applied to a small area of forearm skin, there was sufficient translocation to the opposite side to prevent the great increase in the resident organisms which normally follows wrapping with impermeable plastic film.



For highly potent substances, spread to distant untreated areas has to be considered as a source of error in therapeutic trials.