tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Porcine feasibility and safety study of a new paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent with a Pluronic-containing membrane
Authors: S. Jang, J.-H. Kim, M. Kim, S. Yang, E. Jo, J. Lee, K. Na, J. Kim, S. Jeong, D. Lee, D. Lee
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

<b>Background and study aim: </b>Metal stents for malignant biliary obstruction are susceptible to occlusion by tumor ingrowth or overgrowth. Therefore, we previously reported our use of a metal stent covered with a paclitaxel-incorporated membrane giving an antitumor effect to prevent occlusion from tumor ingrowth. We have also developed a new generation of paclitaxel-eluting biliary stent using a membrane containing Pluronic F-127 for effective drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of drug delivery for this newly developed stent in the biliary tract. <b>Methods: </b>Metal stents were coated with paclitaxel and various concentrations of Pluronic F-127 in phosphate-buffered saline solution. Stents containing varying concentrations were placed in the bile ducts of eight pigs divided as follows: group I, 0 % Pluronic + 0 % paclitaxel; group II, 0 % Pluronic + 10 % paclitaxel; group III, 10 % Pluronic + 10 % paclitaxel; group IV, 20 % Pluronic + 10 % paclitaxel. The histology of the porcine bile duct and the amount of paclitaxel in the porcine serum were examined. The amount of paclitaxel released was also measured in vitro. <b>Results: </b>Histologic changes in the porcine biliary epithelium were acceptable in terms of safety, based on inflammatory cell infiltration and fibrotic reaction. No significant differences in histology were observed between the groups. In the porcine serum analysis, released paclitaxel was detected for 28 days with the 10 % Pluronic concentration (group III). However, released paclitaxel was observed for only 7 days in groups II and IV. In the in vitro experiments, long-lasting release of paclitaxel was also noted from the stent with 10 % Pluronic. <b>Conclusions: </b>The new paclitaxel-eluting stent with 10 % Pluronic F-127 is safe and provides enhanced local drug delivery.
Monitoring: methods for local nasal irnmunothgrapy
Authors: D. Passali, I. Bellussi
Journal: Allergy (1997)

When a patient is affected by specific vasomotor rhinopathy (allergic rhinitis), both perennial and seasonal, all the nasal functions are altered to various degrees. For this reason, in the evaluation of the efficacy of an antiallergic therapy we include: 1) anterior rhinoscopy; 2) active anterior rhinomanometry; 3) positioned acoustic rhinometry; 4) determination of mucociliary transport time; and 5) specific nasal provocation test. Active anterior rhinomanometry performed according to the directions of the International Committee on Standardization allows reliable assessment of the nasal respiratory function. Acoustic rhinometry is an objective method to assess the geometry of nasal cavities but, as a new method, needs more standardization with particular care in connecting the nose‐piece to the nostril. Both these tests performed before and after local administration of nasal decongestants allow quantification of the congestion degree of the nasal mucosa. Determination of mucociliary transport time, according to the method of coloured tracer, is easy to perform and may be considered a reliable indicator of the mucosa eutrophism. In our clinical experience we have often found mucociliary transport times delayed or even blocked, especially in patients affected by perennial allergic rhinitis. According to our experience the specific nasal provocation test is one of the most important tests in this field: it is more sensitive than skin tests and RAST in the asymptomatic phase and it is able to show organ allergies. In this paper we review the importance of this test, the methodology we currently use as well as changes after local nasal immunotherapy.
Consultation and Referral Between Physicians in New Medical Practice Environments
Authors: WILLIAM A. SCHAFFER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

The traditional exchange of medical expertise between physicians for patient benefit has been accomplished by referral. Physicians have traditionally decided when and to whom to refer patients. Health care "systems" now dominate medical practice, and their formats can alter spontaneous collegial interaction in referral. Institutional programs now pursue patient referrals as part of a marketing strategy to attract new patients who then become attached to the institution, rather than to a physician. Referral behavior can affect a physician's personal income in prepaid insurance programs where referrals are discouraged. The referring physician may bear legal liability for actions of the consultant. New practice arrangements and affiliations may place physicians in financial conflict-of-interest situations, challenge ethical commitments, and add new moral responsibility.
Intraoperative Cholangiography and Risk of Common Bile Duct Injury
Authors: Edward H. Livingston
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Serine esterase and hemolytic activity in human cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes.
Authors: W S Ferguson, C R Verret, E B Reilly, M J Iannini, H N Eisen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1988)

Target cell lysis by most murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes appears to be mediated by a complement (C9)-like protein called perforin, contained in high-density cytoplasmic granules. These granules also contain high levels of serine esterase activity, which may also play a role in cytolysis. Analysis of 17 cloned human cytotoxic T lymphocytes revealed the presence of serine esterase that is very similar to its murine counterpart in substrate and inhibitor specificities, pH optimum, and molecular mass; dot blot hybridization with synthetic oligonucleotides corresponding to the active sites of two known murine CTL esterases suggests homology to the murine enzyme HF. However, serine esterase was present at only approximately 10% of the level found in murine CTLs, and was not secreted during CTL-target cell interaction; moreover, hemolytic activity could not be detected in any of the seven cell lines tested. The results suggest that the human CTLs examined here kill their target cells by a mechanism different from that used by most cloned murine CTLs.
Childhood Onset of Stiff-Man Syndrome
Authors: Stacey L. Clardy, Vanda A. Lennon, Josep Dalmau, Sean J. Pittock, H. Royden Jones, Deborah L. Renaud, Charles M. Harper, Joseph Y. Matsumoto, Andrew McKeon
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

<h3>Importance</h3> Reports of pediatric-onset stiff-man syndrome (SMS) are rare. This may be an underrecognized disorder in child neurology practice. <h3>Objective</h3> To describe patients with disorders in the SMS spectrum beginning in childhood. <h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3> This study was a medical record review and serological evaluation conducted at child and adult neurology clinics at the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota. Systematic review of the literature was conducted of patients who presented from 1984-2012 with onset of symptomatic SMS occurring at age 18 years or younger. <h3>Main Outcomes and Measures</h3> Response to symptomatic and immunotherapies, patient and physician reported, including modified Rankin scale. <h3>Results</h3> We identified 8 patients with childhood-onset SMS, representing 5% of patients with SMS evaluated at Mayo Clinic during a period of 29 years (4 were girls). The median age at symptom onset was 11 years (range, 1-14 years). The diagnosis in 3 patients was not established until adulthood (median symptom duration at diagnosis, 14 years; range, 0-46 years). The phenotypes encountered were: classic SMS (n = 5, involving the low back and lower extremities), variant SMS (n = 2, limited to 1 limb [with dystonic posture] or back), and progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus (n = 1). Initial misdiagnoses included functional movement disorder (n = 2), generalized dystonia and parkinsonism (n = 1), and hereditary spastic paraparesis (n = 1). Six patients had 1 or more coexisting autoimmune disorders: type 1 diabetes mellitus (n = 4), thyroid disease (n = 2), and vitiligo (n = 2). Serologic study results revealed glutamic acid decarboxylase 65–IgG in all cases (median value, 754 nmol/L; range, 0.06-3847 nmol/L; normal value, ≤0.02 nmol/L) and glycine receptor antibody in 3 cases. Improvements were noted with symptomatic therapy (diazepam, 6 of 6 patients treated, and oral baclofen, 3 of 3 treated) and immunotherapy (intravenous immune globulin, 3 of 4 treated and plasmapheresis, 3 of 4 treated). The 3 patients with glycine receptor antibody all improved with immunotherapy. At last follow-up, 4 patients had mild or no symptoms, but 4 had moderate or severe residual symptoms and required maintenance symptomatic therapy (n = 5) and immunotherapy (n = 4). Ten of 12 pediatric SMS cases identified by literature review had a severe whole-body phenotype resembling progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus. <h3>Conclusions and Relevance</h3> Childhood-onset SMS is a rare but underrecognized and treatable disorder. Serological and electrophysiological testing aid diagnosis.
On the semantics of infant categorization and why infants perceive horses as humans
Authors: Paul C. Quinn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2008)

Abstract This commentary considers the issues of what should be taken as evidence for semantic categorization in infants and why infants display a surprising asymmetry in the categorization of humans versus nonhuman animals. It is argued that perceptual knowledge should be viewed as a potent source of information for semantic categorization, and that the asymmetrical categorization behavior arises as a consequence of the frequency and similarity structure of experience.
Dangers of amiodarone and anticoagulant treatment.
Authors: L Harris
Journal: BMJ (1981)

recipients in the same manner as Smithells because, since the January 1980 press reports of the initial Merrell v Mekdeci trial, general practice prescrib- ing has altered dramatically.The prescribing of Debendox fell sharply in February 1980 and has remained at a low level, less than half its former rate.Drug utilisation data in the context of information from the surveillance of congenital malformations can help to estimate the extent of possible drug-associated teratogenic prob- lems and to corroborate the results of anecdotal reports and epidemiological studies.In the light of the alteration in Debendox prescribing we await with interest the congenital mal- formation surveillance findings both of England and Wales and of Northern Ireland.
Angiotensin II-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is mediated by oxidative stress in transgenic TG(mRen2)27(Ren2) rats
Authors: Yongzhong Wei, Suzanne E. Clark, E. Matthew Morris, John P. Thyfault, Grace M.E. Uptergrove, Adam T. Whaley-Connell, Carlos M. Ferrario, James R. Sowers, Jamal A. Ibdah
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Diet and gallstones in italy: The cross-sectional MICOL results
Authors: Adolfo Francesco Attili, Emanuele Scafato, Roberto Marchioli, Rosa Maria Marfisi, Davide Festi
Journal: Hepatology (1998)

Fifteen thousand nine hundred ten men and 13,674 women (age, 30-69 years) were enrolled in an epidemiological survey of the general population, between December 1984 and April 1987. Each participant was submitted to ultrasonography (US) of the gallbladder and completed a food-frequency questionnaire, covering 38 food items. A common portion size was identified and subjects were asked how often each item was consumed. Nutrient intake was computed by multiplying the intake frequency and nutrient content per portion for each item, and then by summing the product over all foods. Each nutrient intake was adjusted for energy intake. Alcohol intake was calculated by summing the consumption of wine, beer, and liquor. Having excluded subjects aware of having gallstones (GS) or previously submitted to cholecystectomy (to avoid prothopatic bias), 787 males and 1,014 females with GS and 14,272 males and 10,836 females without GS were available for analysis. Relative risks (RR) of GS were computed by quintiles of nutrient intake. The overnight fasting period was calculated as the difference between the specified time of dinner and the time of the next meal (breakfast or lunch). A significant negative association was found between RR of GS and total energy intake for males (χ 2 for trend = 8.37; P = .004), fiber intake for females (χ 2 = 5.45; P = .02), and daily alcohol consumption for males (χ 2 = 10.86; P = .001). A positive association was observed between RR of GS and carbohydrate (χ 2 = 5.95; P = .01 for males; χ 2 = 9.39; P = .002 for females) and protein intake only for males (χ 2 = 10.92; P = .01). Prevalence of GS was higher among subjects who had an overnight fasting period of over 12 hours than subjects with that of less than 12 hours. (RR: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.01-1.80 for males; RR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.03-1.60 for females). These data do not confirm that high energy intake is associated with an increased risk of GS. Factors protecting against GS comprise: low carbohydrate (males and females) and protein (males) intakes, high fiber (females) and moderate alcohol intake (males) consumption, and a shorter overnight fasting period for both sexes.
Decreased Activity on Bone Scan Following Therapeutic Radiation: A Source of Possible Error
Authors: STUART J. SORKIN, STEVEN C. HORII, ANTHONY PASSALAQUA, PHILIP BRAUNSTEIN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1978)

SORKIN, STUART J. M.D.; HORII, STEVEN C. M.D.; PASSALAQUA, ANTHONY M.D.; BRAUNSTEIN, PHILIP M.D. Author Information
Cesare Bressa (1785-1836) on Dirt Eating in Louisiana
Authors: Piero Mustacchi
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Epidemiologic considerations led an Italian physician practicing in Louisiana 150 years ago to conclude that a disease highly prevalent among Southern slaves was nutritional in origin. While unable to identify it, he excluded scurvy and pellagra on clinical grounds and he proved his point by inducing "cures" with dietary manipulations. Today a diagnosis of wet beriberi seems plausible on the basis of his records, which include a clinical description and autopsy findings.
Ambient Particulate Matter Induces Interleukin-8 Expression through an Alternative NF-κB (Nuclear Factor-Kappa B) Mechanism in Human Airway Epithelial Cells
Authors: Robert Silbajoris, Alvaro R. Osornio-Vargas, Steven O. Simmons, William Reed, Philip A. Bromberg, Lisa A. Dailey, James M. Samet
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2011)

Background: Exposure to ambient air particulate matter (PM) has been shown to increase rates of cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality, but the underlying mechanisms are still not well understood.Objective: We examined signaling events involved in the expression of the inflammatory gene interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) exposed to ambient PM collected in an urban area of Mexicali, Mexico.Methods: We studied IL-8 expression and regulatory signaling pathways in cultured HAECs exposed to Mexicali PM suspended in media for 0–4 hr.Results: Exposure resulted in a dose-dependent, 2- to 8-fold increase in IL-8 mRNA expression relative to controls. PM exposure induced IL-8 transcriptional activity in BEAS-2B cells that was dependent on the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) response element in the IL-8 promoter. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed a 3-fold increase in binding of the p65 (RelA) NF-κB isoform to the IL-8 promoter sequence in HAECs exposed to PM. Western blot analyses showed elevated levels of phosphorylation of p65 but no changes in IκBα phosphorylation or degradation. IL-8 expression was blunted in a dose-dependent manner in BEAS-2B cells transduced with a lentivirus encoding a dominant negative p65 mutant in which phosphorylation sites were inactivated.Conclusion: Taken together, these findings show that the increase in IL-8 mRNA expression in HAECs exposed to PM10 (PM ≤ 10 μm in aerodynamic diameter) is mediated through an NF-κB–dependent signaling mechanism that occurs through a pathway involving direct phosphorylation of the transcription factor p65 in the absence of IκBα degradation. These data show that exposure to PM10 in ambient air can induce inflammatory responses by activating specific signaling mechanisms in HAECs.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptor p75 Is Required in Ischemia-Induced Neovascularization
Authors: David A. Goukassian, Gangjian Qin, Christine Dolan, Toshinori Murayama, Marcy Silver, Cynthia Curry, Elizabeth Eaton, Corinne Luedemann, Hong Ma, Takayuki Asahara, Victor Zak, Shanu Mehta, Aaron Burg, Tina Thorne, Raj Kishore, Douglas W. Losordo
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Aging is a risk factor for coronary and peripheral artery disease. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a proinflammatory cytokine, is expressed in ischemic tissue and is known to modulate angiogenesis. Little is known about the role of TNF-α receptors (TNFR1/p55 and TNFR2/p75) in angiogenic signaling. Methods and Results— We studied neovascularization in the hindlimb ischemia model in young and old TNFR2/p75 knockout (p75KO) and wild-type age-matched controls. Between days 7 to 10 after hindlimb surgery, 100% of old p75KOs experienced autoamputation of the operated limbs, whereas none of the age-matched wild-type mice exhibited hindlimb necrosis. Poor blood flow recovery in p75KO mice was associated with increased endothelial cell apoptosis, decreased capillary density, and significant reductions in the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor-2 mRNA transcripts in ischemic tissue and in circulating endothelial progenitor cells. The number of circulating bone marrow–derived endothelial progenitor cells was significantly reduced in p75KO mice. Transplantation of wild-type bone marrow mononuclear cells into irradiated old p75KO mice 1 month before hindlimb surgery prevented limb loss. Conclusions— Our present study suggests that ischemia-induced endothelial progenitor cell–mediated neovascularization is dependent, at least in part, on p75 TNF receptor expressed in bone marrow–derived cells. Specifically, endothelial cell/endothelial progenitor cell survival, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, endothelial progenitor cell mobilization from bone marrow, endothelial progenitor cell differentiation, and ultimately ischemia-induced collateral vessel development are dependent on signaling through TNFR2/p75. Furthermore, because TNFR2/p75 becomes an age-related limiting factor in postischemic recovery, it may be a potential gene target for therapeutic interventions in adult vascular diseases.
Literature and Medicine: Toward a New Discipline
Authors: Joseph S. Alpert
Journal: JAMA (1983)

The marriage of literature and medicine, embodied in the Greek god Apollo, deity of poetry and healing, has given birth to a new child, the yearly journal,<i>Literature and Medicine</i>. Volume 1 of this interdisciplinary journal contains 20 short essays dealing with a wide spectrum of topics. Joanne Trautmann, one of the leading spokespersons of a new and growing field, sets the tone for this venture when she invokes Apollo (in a literary sense) to assist the journal, which seeks "to link literature and medicine for the sake of our wellbeing, and our knowledge that we must maintain the separate integrity of each." The list of contributors reads like a W<i>ho's Who</i>of medical humanities: E. D. Pellegrino examines the affinities of medicine and literature, Robert Coles asks why should literature have a place in the medical curriculum, Thomas Szasz speaks of the love affair between physician and writer,
872 SUBSTANTIAL RENAL IMPAIRMENT IS NOT INFREQUENT IN HCV PATIENTS UNDER TRIPLE THERAPY WITH TELAPREVIR OR BOCEPREVIR
Authors: S. Mauss, C. Eisenbach, B. Moeller, G. Moog, T. Lutz, U. Naumann, M. Geissler, T. Kroeger, M. Mordeja, C. Herold, K.-G. Simon, G. Felten, K. Milicic-Ouakili, P. Buggisch, D. Hueppe
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Doctors in the Movies: Boil the Water and Just Say Aah
Authors: Sandra L. Bertman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes2 January 2001Doctors in the Movies: Boil the Water and Just Say AahSandra L. Bertman, PhDSandra L. Bertman, PhDProgram in Medical Humanities and the Arts in Health Care, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts. (Bertman)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-1-200101020-00025 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Dans PE. 384 pages. Bloomington, IN: Medi-Ed Pr; 2000. $34.95. ISBN 0936741147. Order phone 800-500-8205.Field of medicine: Generalists and specialists in family medicine, pediatrics, psychiatry, surgery, internal medical, and health policy.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Teachers of medical humanities, bioethics, and communication skills; general and family practitioners; internists; surgeons; obstetrician-gynecologists; psychiatrists; and students.Purpose: To view the ways in which movies reflect changes in medical care and in society's attitude toward physicians and medicine.Content: The book's 10 chapters depict how movies have portrayed changes in medical care and in society's attitudes toward physicians since the 1960s. Blending a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Program in Medical Humanities and the Arts in Health Care, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts. (Bertman) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 2 January 2001Volume 134, Issue 1Page: 88KeywordsDatabasesEmotionsHealth careMedical ethics, humanities, and educationMotivationPediatric surgeryPediatricsSoftware toolsSurgeonsSurgery ePublished: 2 January 2001 Issue Published: 2 January 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...