tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
E coli Otitis Media
Authors: Roger A. Hemphill
Journal: JAMA (1971)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Reference was recently made to chronic otitis media, from which was recovered a culture of Escherichia coli (217:826, 1971), attributed to a urinary source. In a chronic tuberculosis service of years ago, chronic otitis media (painless) was common in patients with long-standing pulmonary cavitary disease. Recovery of tubercle bacilli might be difficult, but other organisms, especially<i>E coli</i>, were plentiful. While bacteremia may be implicated, a simple lack of fastidiousness would be adequate to explain this colonization.
American Diabetes Association 60th Scientific Sessions,2000
Authors: Zachary T. Bloomgarden
Journal: Diabetes Care (2001)

This is the second of four reports on the American Diabetes Association^M(ADA) 60th Scientific Sessions held in San Antonio, TX, in June 2000. It^Mcovers topics related to thiazolidinediones, insulin resistance, and^Mobesity.

At a debate at the meeting, Thomas A. Buchanan, Los Angeles, CA, spoke in favor of the use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) for prevention of diabetes. He described a prevention trial in a mainly Hispanic group of patients who had previously had gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) at ∼30 years of age. Approximately 10% of such women have type 2 diabetes after pregnancy, and their ultimate diabetes risk approximates 50%. These women have decreased β-cell function and insulin resistance, both during and after pregnancy. Buchanan hypothesized that the β-cell defect is either caused or worsened by insulin resistance.

In 1994, given the hyperbolic relationship between insulin secretion and insulin resistance, his group adopted the strategy of increasing insulin sensitivity with troglitazone. The initial short-term study was of women who had been diagnosed with GDM within the past 4 years and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), whose risk of developing type 2 diabetes is ∼80%. Insulin sensitivity increased with treatment, and the insulin responses to oral and intravenous glucose and to intravenous tolbutamide, suggesting “afterload reduction for the β-cell.” Based on these data, the Troglitazone in Prevention of Diabetes (TRIPOD) study was started in a group of women who had had GDM and who had an estimated 70% 5-year risk of developing diabetes; 121 received placebo and 114 troglitazone (400 mg daily), with 27 and 29 months of follow-up. There was no significant difference in weight gain or pregnancy rates. Intention-to-treat analysis showed a 60% reduction in diabetes, with a 12.4% annual risk in patients receiving placebo and 5.7% annual risk in those treated with troglitazone. Buchanan noted that approximately one-third of the …
Air Embolism From Exposure Of Posterior Cranial Fossa In Prone Position
Authors: Henry N. Shenkin
Journal: JAMA (1969)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Air embolism as a complication of exploration of the posterior fossa or cervical portion of the spine is usually associated with these procedures when carried out with the patient in the upright position. Michenfelder et al reported 39 instances of air embolism in 751 patients operated upon for lesions in the posterior cranial fossa.<sup>1</sup> The case reported below points out that precautions against air embolism are indicated even if the patient is in the prone position, especially in view of the recent widespread adoption of hyperventilation using a negative pressure phase in the respiratory cycle. Should the structures involved at operation include large venous channels, the possibilities for air embolism are obviously enhanced. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> A 47-year-old right-handed man was admitted to the neurosurgical service at the Episcopal Hospital in Philadelphia on March 30, 1968, with a six-week history of vertigo and syncopal episodes,
Wegener's Granulomatosis: Treatment with Cytotoxic Agents and Adrenocorticoids
Authors: JAMES W. RAITT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Six patients with generalized Wegener's granulomatosis are reported. All patients were treated with adrenocorticoids and a cytotoxic drug, either an alkylating agent or purine antagonist. Five patients are alive after a minimum of 15 months and a maximum of 96 months of observation. Disease activity was suppressed and renal function was maintained at a satisfactory level or improved during therapy in the survivors. In one patient a remission occurred after 84 months of therapy, with no recurrence of disease 12 months after the withdrawal of medications. One patient died when bone marrow depression developed after nitrogen mustard administration, with evidence of severe disseminated disease found at necropsy. The addition of cytotoxic drugs early in the course of even severe generalized Wegener's granulomatosis may help control the disease, reduce the requirement for adrenocorticoids, and significantly improve the prognosis of the illness.
Effect of Proton-Pump Inhibitor Therapy on Diagnostic Testing for Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Loren Laine
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Background: Proton-pump inhibitor therapy may cause false-negative results on Helicobacter pylori diagnostic testing. Objective: To determine the frequency and duration of conversion of urea breath test results from positive to negative in patients given a proton-pump inhibitor. Setting: Two urban university gastroenterology clinics. Patients: Patients infected with H. pylori who had positive results on urea breath tests. Intervention: Lansoprazole, 30 mg/d for 28 days. Measurements: The urea breath test was repeated at 28 days. If the results were negative, testing was repeated 3, 7, 14, and 28 days after completion of therapy until the results reverted to positive. Results: 31 (33%) of 93 patients in whom H. pylori was not eradicated had a negative breath test result while receiving lansoprazole. The proportions of patients whose breath test results were positive after completion of lansoprazole therapy were 91% (95% CI, 83% to 96%) at 3 days, 97% (CI, 90% to 99%) at 7 days, and 100% (CI, 96% to 100%) at 14 days. Conclusion: Patients should not receive proton-pump inhibitors for 2 weeks before receiving the urea breath test for H. pylori infection.
Garages and hospitals, doctors and nurses
Authors: F. Leavitt
Journal: BMJ (2000)

When I take my car to the local garage, the owner, Boaz, greets me, listens to my complaints, and checks the car over. Then he calls in the shop foreman, Raffi, who examines it in more detail, calling in the mechanic or the electrician and carburation expert, each to carry out the requisite work in his particular specialty. During all this time Boaz hovers over his employees making sure that the work goes well, bringing them tools and parts, making sure they get their coffee, sometimes getting into his own car and driving to another city for a part, chatting with me to ensure customer satisfaction.

For Boaz is the owner of the garage and is personally interested that the work should go well. And when Boaz is satisfied that his employees have done their work and the car is fit to return to the road, he calls me into the office, hands me the bill, and asks how I prefer to pay.

The above …
Very low protein diet supplemented with ketoanalogs improves blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease
Authors: V. Bellizzi, B.R. Di Iorio, L. De Nicola, R. Minutolo, P. Zamboli, P. Trucillo, F. Catapano, C. Cristofano, L. Scalfi, G. Conte, None on behalf of the ERIKA Study-group
Journal: Kidney International (2006)
Effect of attitudes and beliefs on exercise tolerance in chronic bronchitis.
Authors: A D Morgan, D F Peck, D R Buchanan, G J McHardy
Journal: BMJ (1983)

In 50 patients with chronic bronchitis the relation was assessed between exercise tolerance and pulmonary function and psychological factors, including subjective perception of exertion, mood, general psychiatric disturbance, and the attitudes and beliefs held by patients concerning themselves, their illness, and its treatment. Ventilatory capacity was significantly correlated with but a poor predictor of exercise tolerance. Subjective perception of exertion was most closely correlated with exercise tolerance. The distance walked in a 12-minute exercise test was significantly correlated with measurements of mood and with several attitudes and beliefs. Attitudes and beliefs greatly outweighed measurements of mood and ventilatory capacity as components in a multiple regression predicting distance walked in 12 minutes. This method of psychological assessment emphasises the importance of attitudes and beliefs in respiratory disability and may have useful applications in rehabilitation in other chronic diseases.
Marijuana Use by Medical Students
Authors: MARTIN R. LIPP, SAMUEL G. BENSON, ZEBULON TAINTOR
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

The authors questioned 1,063 future physicians at four medical schools in different geographic regions of the United States concerning their attitudes toward marijuana and its use. Their results indicated that past use of cannabis ranged from 17 percent of the students at one school to 70 percent at another. Over 500 students in the four schools had used marijuana at least once, and 114 said they had used the drug more than 100 times. More than 300 said they were using cannabis currently.
Five-Year Follow-Up Study on Plasma Insulin Levels in Newly Diagnosed NIDDM Patients and Nondiabetic Subjects
Authors: Leo K Niskanen, Matti I Uusitupa, Helena Sarlund, Onni Siitonen, Kalevi Pyörälä
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

A representative group of middle-aged (45- to 64-yr-old) patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (n = 133; 70 men, 63 women) were examined at the time of diagnosis and 5 yr afterward for metabolic control and insulin response to oral glucose; 144 nondiabetic control subjects (62 men, 82 women) were similarly examined twice between 5-yr intervals. At the 5-yr examination, 56 of the diabetic patients (36 men, 20 women) were on diet therapy only, 60 (27 men, 33 women) received oral antidiabetic drugs, and 5 were treated with insulin. The metabolic control of diabetic patients was poor at the time of diagnosis and 5-yr examination. Fasting plasma insulin levels were higher in diabetic patients than in control subjects both at baseline (23 ± 2 vs. 14 ± 1 mU/L, P &amp;lt; 0.01, for men; 26 ± 2 vs. 15 ± 1 mU/L, NS, for women) and 5-yr examination (19 ± 1 vs. 16 ± 2 mU/L, NS, for men; 29 ± 5 vs. 15 ± 1 mU/L, P &amp;lt; 0.05, for women). The frequency of insulin deficiency in diabetic patients based on a postglucagon (1 mg i.v.) C-peptide level &amp;lt;0.60 nM was 3.3% at the 5-yr examination, indicating that true insulin deficiency was uncommon during the first years after diagnosis of diabetes in middle-aged subjects.
Laparoscopy as a Day-Case Procedure in Patients with Liver Disease
Authors: G Unal, H R van Buuren, R A de Man
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

The present study was aimed at exploring the feasibility of diagnostic laparoscopy on a day-case basis in patients with liver disease.Retrospective analysis was carried out of 85 consecutive day-case laparoscopies performed between January 1990 and January 1994. During this period, patients were observed in day-care facilities for a period of three hours. Patients' perception and acceptance of the procedure were assessed using a postal questionnaire.Laparoscopy was successful in 84 of the 85 patients; adequate liver biopsies were obtained in 83 patients. In three cases, the procedure was converted to a one-night hospital admission because of pain (1), persistent sedation (1) and collapse (1). Abdominal skin hematomas were reported by eight patients, and fever by two. Serious complications were not observed. The majority of patients experienced no complaints, or minor ones, after the procedure, and they expressed a preference for an outpatient procedure in case a renewed investigation might be indicated. Compared with in-hospital procedures, day-case laparoscopy was associated with a 33% reduction in cost.Diagnostic laparoscopy, with the hospital stay reduced to three hours, can be performed safely as a day-case procedure in selected patients.
Rapid one step urine tests in early pregnancy.
Authors: M E Dalton, L Price
Journal: BMJ (1991)

In this article, the objective is to validate and better understand an effect of return generation at the position level that has long been assumed but never demonstrated: that return generation has a life cycle—a beginning, middle, and end—and that investors often hold on to positions too long, potentially diminishing whatever excess returns they were able to generate early in the life cycle. This analysis examines roughly 10,000 episodes (i.e., full cycles of a given position from first entry to last exit) across 43 active equity portfolios over 14 years.
The Disposal of Low-Level Radioactive Waste
Authors: Jack L. Mayer
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  The report by members of the Ad Hoc Committee on Low-Level Radioactive Waste (LLRW) of the American College of Nuclear Physicians 1 is flawed in its contention that LLRW disposal sites have not suffered from significant migration of plutonium, the half-life of which is 24,000 years.  At Maxey Flats, one of the six LLRW sites in operation from 1965 to 1975, the Environmental Protection Agency discovered plutonium contamination in surface soil, 90-cm deep soil cores, monitoring wells, and drainage streams. The report concluded that subsurface migration of plutonium had indeed occurred. Rainwater seeped through the trenches and into the ground beneath, carrying along the plutonium, 2 which had migrated deep into the ground and found its way off the disposal site at immensely faster rates than had been expected. 3   We cannot afford to play fast and loose with material that will be hazardous for millenia. Ultimately, the
Reduced incidence of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy in ICU patients under theophylline prophylaxis: a prospective comparison to series of patients at similar risk
Authors: Wolfgang Huber, Barbara Jeschke, Michael Page, Wolfgang Weiß, Hermann Salmhofer, Ursula Schweigart, Kathrin Ilgmann, Jörg Reichenberger, Bruno Neu, Meinhard Classen
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2001)
AN EASY METHOD OF AURAL EXAMINATION
Authors: E. W. Simmons
Journal: JAMA (1925)

An electrically lighted ophthalmoscope makes an excellent instrument for examining ear drums. I recently had occasion to examine an ear when I had no light other than an ophthalmoscope. I inserted the speculum and examined the drum through the ophthalmoscope, using it in the same manner as for a fundus examination; and by turning in a plus ten or a plus twelve lens, I obtained a magnified field that was better than that obtained with the ordinary electric auroscope. I find that very few men possess an auroscope, or else they neglect or only casually examine ears. As anophthalmoscope is almost a diagnostic necessity, its possession may serve a double purpose and stimulate routine ear examinations. <h3>Devitalized and Concentrated Foods Cause Constipation.</h3> — The scandal of present-day dietetics is nowhere more manifest than in its consequent cures of constipation, which is the most important penalty which we
Production of Chronic Elevation of Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure in Dogs: Hemodynamic and Renal Studies
Authors: CHARLES K. FRIEDBERG, RICHARD P. LASSER, DOUGLAS F. ALLEN, STEPHEN E. FURST, GEORGE E. GABOR
Journal: Circulation Research (1964)

In an effort to produce a preparation for the study of sodium excretion in chronic left heart failure a graft anastomosis was created between the left subclavian artery and the left atrium in five dogs. This resulted in chronic progressive elevation of left ventricular end diastolic and left atrial pressures. Maximal left ventricular end diastolic pressures ranged between 18 and 30 mm Hg, 10 to 20 weeks postoperatively. There was only a slight rise in right ventricular diastolic pressure and no clinical evidence of right heart failure. Cardiac outputs remained within normal limits in all animals. Serial electrocardiograms disclosed the development of left ventricular hypertrophy and left ventricular hypertrophy and dilatation were observed at postmortem examination. One dog which survived with a patent shunt for more than a year had right as well as left ventricular hypertrophy but no right heart failure. Glomerular filtration rates, renal plasma flow and excretion of rapidly infused isotonic saline remained unaltered even at the highest levels of left ventricular end diastolic pressure. Although the development of left and eventually right ventricular hypertrophy, the chronic and progressive elevation of left ventricular end diastolic, mean left atrial and pulmonary arterial pressure, with only slight elevation of right ventricular end diastolic pressure, were regarded as characteristic features of isolated left ventricular failure, the propriety of this term may be questioned in view of the unaltered cardiac output and renal hemodynamics. But the observations do indicate that marked elevation of left ventricular end diastolic and presumably pulmonary venocapillary pressure, such as occur in left heart failure, do not impair renal excretion of sodium.
"Seronegative" Syphilis in AIDS
Authors: Alicia Zalka, Marc E. Grossman, David N. Silvers
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Letters15 March 1991"Seronegative" Syphilis in AIDSAlicia Zalka, BA, Marc E. Grossman, MD, David N. Silvers, MDAlicia Zalka, BASearch for more papers by this author, Marc E. Grossman, MDSearch for more papers by this author, David N. Silvers, MDSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-114-6-521_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors:Several articles have recently been published reporting what has been called "seronegative" secondary syphilis in HIV-infected persons. We question the terminology used. On close inspection of these reports, what is being labeled "seronegative" secondary syphilis might more accudvrately be termed delayed conversion to seropositivity. In the case report by Hicks and colleagues (1) and in a letter by Strobel and coworkers (2), HIV-infected patients with histologically diagnosed secondary syphilis failed to show reactive serologic results with initial VDRL testing. In each case, however, with repeated VDRL studies, seropositivity later developed. Although Hicks describes this as "seronegative" secondary...References1. HicksBensonLuptonTramont CPGE. Seronegative secondary syphilis in a patient infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with Kaposi's sarcoma. Ann Intern Med. 1987;107:492-5. LinkGoogle Scholar2. StrobelBeauclairLaCave MPJ. Seronegative syphilis during the course of AIDS [Letter]. La Presse Med. 1989;18:1440. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. GregorySanchezBuchness NMM. The spectrum of syphilis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1990;22:1061-7. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar4. Larsen S. Serologic reactions when syphilis and HIV occur as coinfections. CAP Today. 1989;October:36-9. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited BySeronegative secondary syphilis in an HIV-infected patientHuman herpesvirus 6 and cytomegalovirus infections in children with human immunodeficiency virus infection and cancerSYPHILISAtypical Lyme borreliosis in an HIV-infected manSeroconversion to Antibodies against Kaposi's Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus–Related Latent Nuclear Antigens before the Development of Kaposi's SarcomaSexually Transmitted Diseases of the Vulva 15 March 1991Volume 114, Issue 6Page: 521-522KeywordsAIDSSyphilis Issue Published: 15 March 1991 PDF DownloadLoading ...
COMPARISONS OF EVEROLIMUS- AND PACLITAXEL-ELUTING STENTS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Authors: Kang-Yin Chen, Seung-Woon Rha, Yong-Jian Li, Guang-Ping Li, Amro Elnagar, Byoung Geol Choi, Sung il Im, Sunwon Kim, Jin Oh Na, Seongwoo Han, Cheol Ung Choi, Hong Euy Lim, Jin Won Kim, Eung Ju Kim, Hong-Seog Seo, Chang Gyu Park, Dong Joo Oh, Myung Ho Jeong
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
The Use of Race in Medical Research
Authors: Michael Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Can racial research be "racist" if it results in major clinical benefits to a minority group? A recent<i>Lancet</i>editorial observed: "For many clinical scientists the painful fact is that there are many physiological differences between black and white hypertensives."<sup>1</sup>Careful studies of these differences (which may be both genetic and environmental in their origin) led a Joint National Committee to conclude that blacks respond better to diuretics and calcium antagonists than to β-blockers or ACE (angiotensin converting enzyme) inhibitors.<sup>2,3</sup>These findings should be of great benefit to black hypertensive patients and may help them to live longer and healthier lives. Also, there are racial differences in drug metabolism: rapid acetylation is much more common in Orientals than in blacks or whites.<sup>4,5</sup>This information has benefited Orientals suffering from tuberculosis, since physicians now recognize them as a group at higher risk of isoniazid toxic
Transfusion-Associated AIDS — A Cause for Concern
Authors: Joseph R. Bove
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1984)

In 1943 Beeson1 first reported jaundice in patients who had received blood or plasma transfusions and suggested that their illness resembled infectious hepatitis. Now, some 40 years later, the transmission of hepatitis by at least four different blood-borne viruses is a recognized risk of transfusion, and numerous other infectious agents are listed as being transmissible by blood and blood products.2 In this issue Curran and co-authors3 present data suggesting that the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) should be added to that list. They report 18 cases of AIDS in adults who were not in a high-risk group but who had received . . .
Three‐dimensional computed topography analysis of a patient with an unusual anatomy of the maxillary second and third molars
Authors: Jin Zhao, Yan Li, Zhi‐wei Yang, Wei Wang, Yan Meng
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2011)

We present a case of a patient with rare anatomy of a maxillary second molar with three mesiobuccal root canals and a maxillary third molar with four separate roots, identified using multi‐slice computed topography (CT) and three‐dimensional reconstruction techniques. The described case enriched/might enrich our knowledge about possible anatomical aberrations of maxillary molars. In addition, we demonstrate the role of multi‐slice CT as an objective tool for confirmatory diagnosis and successful endodontic management.