tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 348: Predictors of Neurological Favorable Outcomes After Ventricular Fibrillation with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Witnessed by Emergency Medical Services Personnel
Authors: Yoshio Tahara, Satoshi Yasuda, Hisao Ogawa, Kazuo Kimura, Naohiro Yonemoto, Hiroshi Nonogi, Keijiro Saku, Ken Nagao
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: In Japan, advanced interventions that can be performed by emergency medical service (EMS) personnel in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) are defibrillation, advanced airway management, intravenous access, and administration of adrenaline. It is unclear whether these interventions performed by EMS can improve neurologic outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate predictors of favorable neurologic outcomes in patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF) witnessed by EMS personnel.

Methods: An observational study was performed in 925,288 patients who had OHCA in Japan and received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) between January 1, 2005 and December 31, 2012. We studied 3,162 of these patients in whom age was 18 to 75 years, the scene of OHCA was witnessed by EMS personnel, CPR was performed, OHCA was cardiogenic, initial rhythm was VF, and defibrillation was performed. A multivariate logistic-regression analysis was conducted to assess factors associated with favorable neurologic outcomes (defined as Cerebral Performance Category 1 or 2) at 1 month after cardiac arrest.

Results: The median time from collapse to hospital arrival was 16 minutes. The rate of return of spontaneous circulation before hospital arrival was 46%, and the rate of favorable neurologic outcomes after 1 month was 40%. Early defibrillation was associated with favorable neurologic outcomes, whereas advanced airway management and administration of adrenaline were not.

Conclusion: In patients with VF witnessed by EMS personnel, resuscitation attempts should simply focus on basic CPR with early defibrillation particularly during the initial period from EMS-CPR start to hospital arrival.

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Abstract 86: Association Between Hospital Postresuscitative Performance and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Dion Stub, Robert H Schmicker, Monique L Anderson, Eric D Peterson, Clifton W Callaway, Mohamud R Daya, Michael R Sayre, Jonathan Elmer, Brian Grunau, Tom P Aufderheide, Steve Lin, Jason Buick, Dana Zive, Graham Nichol
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Context: Whilst performance measures have been extensively evaluated in conditions such as myocardial infarction, it remains unclear if adherence to post-resuscitation guidelines is associated with better outcome in patients hospitalized after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Objectives: To assess whether survival and good functional status at discharge are associated with post-resuscitation performance score based on treatment guidelines for patients with OHCA, comprised of a) initiation of temperature management; b) target temperature 32 0 -34 0 C achieved; c) temperature management continued for more than 12 hours; d) coronary angiography performed within 24 hrs; e) life sustaining treatment not withdrawn prior to day 3. Methods: An observational analysis of hospital care in 111 North American hospitals, including 3252 patients enrolled in the Resuscitation Outcomes Consortium (ROC-PRIMED) study, between 2007 and 2009, following OHCA. Performance scores were calculated, utilizing opportunity based scoring, with each factor weighted equally and scaled from 0-1. Scores for individual patients were grouped at the hospital level, with hospitals divided for descriptive purposes into quartiles based on their median opportunity composite score. Results: Performance score varied widely (median [IQR] scores from lowest to highest hospital quartiles, 21% [20%-25%] vs 59% [55%-64%]. Adjusted survival to discharge increased with each quartile of performance score (lowest to highest: 16.2%, 20.8%, 28.5%, 34.8%, P &lt;0.01). Similarly adjusted rates of good functional outcome improved (lowest quartile to highest: 8.3%, 13.8%, 22.2%, 25.9%, P&lt;0.01). Hospital performance score were significantly associated with outcome after risk adjustment for established prehospital resuscitative factors (Highest versus lowest adherence quartile: adjusted OR of survival 1.64; 95% CI 1.13, 2.38) Conclusions: Increased survival and improved functional status at discharge are associated with greater adherence to recommended hospital based post-resuscitative care guidelines. Measuring, reporting and improving hospital adherence to guideline-based performance metrics could improve outcomes following OHCA.
Abstract 14720: Determinants of Ethnic Differences in Cardiorespiratory Fitness: The Dallas Heart Study
Authors: Ambarish Pandey, Colby Ayers, Sandeep Das, Susan Lakoski, James De Lemos, Jarett Berry
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Studies have shown significant differences in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) among different ethnic groups. However, it is unclear how much of these differences can be explained by differences in body mass index (BMI), lifestyle behaviors and socioeconomic status (SES) among these groups. Methods: The study consisted of Dallas Heart Study Phase 2 participants without cardiovascular disease who had a baseline CRF measurement using a submaximal treadmill test. CRF was estimated as the peak oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min) from a submaximal exercise heart rate measurement using the previously published Givoni’s equation and Hellerstein’s formula protocol. Lifestyle behaviors included in the analysis were self reported physical activity (PA) and smoking. Self reported education years and income were used as proxy measures of SES. Multiple multivariable adjusted linear regression models were constructed to determine the cross-sectional association of between ethnicity and cardiorespiratory fitness. Res...
Bacteriology of hidradenitis suppurativa exacerbations and deep tissue cultures obtained during carbon dioxide laser treatment
Authors: K. Sartorius, H. Killasli, C. Oprica, A. Sullivan, J. Lapins
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Previous studies have shown different bacteria in hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) lesions, but the literature regarding bacteria in acute exacerbation of HS is sparse.To determine the type of bacteria isolated from HS lesions during exacerbations of the disease.Patients with HS with acute nodules or abscesses were examined and treated by carbon dioxide laser vaporization. Bacterial samples for aerobic and anaerobic cultures were taken from the skin surface (before surgery) and then from the deeper layers (during surgery) of the lesions. At each level two samples were taken, one with a punch biopsy and one by pressing a soft agar gel against the skin. The bacterial findings were typed and quantified.A total of 10 patients (eight women and two men), with a mean age of 37·2 years and a mean HS duration of 14·5 years, were included. All of them had an ongoing exacerbation (mean duration 5·6 days) of their HS, with one inflamed lesion that was treated by carbon dioxide laser vaporization. Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) were found in the deep layers in all 10 patients. Nine of the patients carried Corynebacterium spp. and two alpha-haemolytic streptococci at various levels. Among the anaerobic microorganisms, Gram-positive cocci were the most common bacteria.As found in a previous study, CNS were the most common bacteria, but contrary to what we expected, Staphylococcus aureus was not found in any cultures from acute inflammatory nodules of HS exacerbations.
Correspondence re: A. H. Ree et al., expression of a novel factor in human breast cancer cells with metastatic potential. Cancer Res., 59: 4675-4680, 1999.
Authors: Jeffrey Scott Coker, Eric Davies
Journal: Cancer Research (2002)

We believe that the first 47 bp of the com1 ( candidate of metastasis-1 ) cDNA reported by Ree et al. [(1)][1] in Fig. 4 on page 4678 is not from human tissue. Instead, we think it is the Marathon adaptor that is found in many Clontech kits for generating cDNAs and ends of cDNAs.

Recently, we were
Elements of Hygiene and Public Health. For the Use of Medical Students and Practitioners.
Authors: Rai Bahadur Jaising P. Modi
Journal: JAMA (1918)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Pleural mesothelioma and neighborhood asbestos exposure. Findings from microchemical analysis of lung tissue
Authors: A. Fischbein
Journal: JAMA (1984)

Widespread use and occupational exposure to asbestos in US shipyards, particularly during World War II, is one reason for the currently high incidence of asbestos-related diseases, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. There is typically a long latency period between asbestos exposure and resulting disease. A case report is presented which lends additional credence to the earlier suggestion that exposure to asbestos in the neighborhood of the shipyard may be related to the development of malignant mesothelioma in this particular patient. The identification of amosite asbestos fibers in the lung tissue of the patient provides plausible evidence for this etiologic connection. Amosite asbestos is not found in the lungs of persons from the general population, and its occurrence, therefore, indicates either an occupational exposure or an exposure to a specific environmental source. Although only a very small portion of the total amount of asbestos used consists of amosite, this asbestos type is commonly used in shipbuilding and repair and was used a great deal in the shipyard adjacent to which our patient worked.
Patterns of sun protection for young children: do we deliver the right sun-protection messages?
Authors: C. Garbe
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Conflicts of interest None declared. ORIGINAL ARTICLE, p.803 The reduction of ultraviolet (UV) radiation exposure is the main strategy in order to prevent skin cancer, and early childhood before the age of 6 years is regarded as a particularly vulnerable period of life. The article of Li and colleagues1 is based upon a population‐based questionnaire survey of 2619 parents with young children aged 3–6 years. The authors emphasize that patterns of sun protection differ between sunny holidays with a higher degree of sun‐protective activities and everyday outdoor activities with less sun‐protective attention. Interestingly, better knowledge about sun exposure and skin cancer affected the sun‐protective behaviour only in the beach environment, but not in everyday life. Furthermore, with increasing age the attention for sun protection decreased. The data of this study allow additional insight into the sun‐protective behaviour of parents with young children: they rely mainly on the protective effect of sunscreens. In the beach setting 98·6% regularly used sunscreens and 79·2% even several times a day. However, only 29·7% used T‐shirts and only 2·5% long‐sleeved shirts. T‐shirts were used much more often in the garden setting, by 84·6%, but sunscreens (88·6%) were the most frequently used measure of sun protection also in this setting.
Some reflections on medical book publishing today
Authors: R. Kenneth Bussy
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1965)

Books1 October 1965Some reflections on medical book publishing todayR. KENNETH BUSSYR. KENNETH BUSSYSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-63-4-724 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt is difficult to state exactly how many publishers of medical books there are in the United States, for a considerable number of publishers in other fields occasionally take a flyer and publish a medical book. The Association of American Medical Book Publishers, a loose trade organization, has 17 members.* A dozen other publishers, perhaps more, though nonmembers of the AAMBP publish to a greater or lesser extent in medicine.The corporate organization of these publishers falls into one of two categories. They are either divisions or departments of a trade (general) publisher (such as The Blakiston Division of McGraw-Hill),... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Philadelphia, Pa.Requests for reprints should be addressed to R. Kenneth Bussy, Lea & Febiger, 600 Washington Square, Philadelphia, Pa. 19106.*Appleton Century Crofts Inc., Butterworth Inc., F. A. Davis Co., Grune & Stratton Inc., Hoeber Medical Div., Harper & Row, Inc., Lange Medical Publications, Lea & Febiger, J. B. Lippincott Co., Little, Brown & Co., MacMillan Co., McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., The C. V. Mosby Co., Oxford University Press, Inc., The Williams & Wilkins Co., Year Book Medical Publishers, Inc. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 October 1965Volume 63, Issue 4Page: 724-726KeywordsFalls Issue Published: 1 October 1965 PDF downloadLoading ...
Demonstration of autoantibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase in patients with alopecia areata
Authors: E.H. Kemp, H.K. Sandhu, A.P. Weetman, A.J. McDonagh
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Background There is strong evidence to suggest that alopecia areata (AA) is a tissue-specific, T cell-mediated autoimmune disease, which is usually characterized by patchy areas of hair loss on the scalp. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is a known B-cell autoantigen in patients with autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APS1) associated with the presence of AA. In addition, melanocyte-specific proteins, gp100 and MelanA, are putative T-cell autoantigens in AA and so may also represent targets of the humoral immune response. Objective To analyse the sera of patients with AA for the presence of antibodies against TH and the melanocyte-specific proteins tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP)-1, TRP-2, gp100 and MelanA. Methods Radioimmunoassays were used to detect the relevant antibodies in sera from patients with AA (n = 32) and in sera from healthy individuals (n = 28). Results Of 32 patients with AA, six (19%) were positive for TH antibodies. A significant increase in the frequency of TH antibodies in the AA patient group was evident when compared with controls (P = 0·03). Only three of 32 (9%) patients exhibited antibody responses to tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2 and gp100. No immunoreactivity against MelanA was detected in any patient with AA. Conclusion Antibodies against TH can be present in patients with AA unrelated to APS1. Humoral immune responses against tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, gp100 and MelanA are not prevalent in patients with AA. Overall, a dominant melanocyte-specific B-cell autoantigen in AA has yet to be identified.
Cancer and the Cardiopulmonary System.
Authors: M. Khalil Ali, Michael S. M.D. Ewer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

This volume addresses the problems induced in the cardiopulmonary function by certain advanced diagnostic techniques and treatment modalities for cancer, reviews the cardiopulmonary changes resulting from cancer itself, and assesses the limitations to surgical and nonsurgical management of diverse neoplastic conditions. Information on the effects of various tumors on cardiopulmonary function and on the spectrum of adverse cardiopulmonary reactions caused by chemotherapy and radiation theorapy is provided, with specific practical guidance on diagnosis and treatment.
Identification of the gene that, when mutated, causes the human obesity syndrome BBS4
Authors: Kirk Mykytyn, Terry Braun, Rivka Carmi, Neena B. Haider, Charles C. Searby, Mythreyi Shastri, Gretel Beck, Alan F. Wright, Alessandro Iannaccone, Khalil Elbedour, Ruth Riise, Alfonso Baldi, Annick Raas-Rothschild, Susan W. Gorman, David M. Duhl, Samuel G. Jacobson, Thomas Casavant, Edwin M. Stone, Val C. Sheffield
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Lesson of the week: Raised cortisol excretion rate in urine and contamination by topical steroids
Authors: C. J G Kelly
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Beware of contamination of urine samples with topical cortisol during screening for Cushing's syndrome 

The clinical features of type 2 diabetes (obesity, hypertension, and glycosuria) often overlap with those of Cushing's syndrome, and as impaired glucose tolerance occurs in up to 20% of patients with Cushing's syndrome, its incidence in people with diabetes is higher than among people without diabetes.1 Diagnosis relies on clinical suspicion and abnormal results of biochemical tests. Measurement of the excretion rate of free cortisol in the urine forms the basis of the initial outpatient investigations and should reflect the overall cortisol secretion provided it is measured accurately. We present two cases from diabetic clinics in which patients had raised urinary free cortisol excretion rates as a result of …
First isolations of KPC-2-carrying ST258 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in Finland, June and August 2009
Authors: M Österblad, J Kirveskari, S Koskela, P Tissari, K Vuorenoja, A J Hakanen, M Vaara, J Jalava
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

The first two Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase-producing (KPC) type 2 strains carrying ST258 were detected in Finland in June and early August 2009. They were found colonising two patients transferred from the Mediterranean; one patient referred from a hospital in Greece where isolates were first found in 2007 and another from Italy where the first isolates have been described only very recently.
Functional oxyhemoglobin and scattering indices for in-vivo characterization of breast cancer
Authors: Zahia Ichalalène, Joe Kozikowski, Salim Djeziri, Samira Mezziani, Frédéric Leblond, Niculae Mincu, Mario Khayat
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

A67   Near-infrared diffuse optical tomography has lately benefited from intensive research efforts to translate the technology to clinical practice for qualifying breast lesions. The technology relies on the sensitivity of near-infrared light to the main optical chromophores in the breast to provide functional and structural information in a non-invasive manner. It is anticipated that the measured contrast in oxyhemoglobin content and scattering properties between healthy and diseased tissue, associated with angiogenesis and cell proliferation that occur in cancers to sustain their growth and progression, may provide enhanced diagnosis capabilities compared to conventional techniques. In this review, the authors report results of a multi-site clinical study involving 29 healthy, 54 benign and 17 malignant subjects, including 9 ductal carcinomas in-situ, 7 invasive ductal carcinomas and 1 infiltrating lobular carcinoma.A four-wavelength time-domain acquisition system  (1)  was used to scan both breasts of pre-, peri- and postmenopausal women aged between 32 and 77 years. Algorithms based on a diffusive model of light transport were used in conjunction with breast absorption spectral signatures to quantify the scattering properties as well as the oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin content.Significant correlation between oxyhemoglobin content and breast radiographic density was observed for the premenopausal subset of patients. In the majority of the cases imaged, breasts with denser patterns exhibited increased amounts of blood volume comparatively to scattered fibroglandular and adipose tissues. These observations are consistent with expected physiology in breast. Besides, substantial increase in oxyhemoglobin concentration was noticed for the malignant population, in accordance with angiogenesis. Statistically significant (p (1)  SoftScan ®  (ART, Saint-Laurent, Quebec)
Expression of E2A-HLF Chimeric Protein Induced T-Cell Apoptosis, B-Cell Maturation Arrest, and Development of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Hiroaki Honda, Toshiya Inaba, Takahiro Suzuki, Hideaki Oda, Yasuhiro Ebihara, Kohichiro Tsuiji, Tatsutoshi Nakahata, Takatoshi Ishikawa, Yoshio Yazaki, Hisamaru Hirai
Journal: Blood (1999)
A phase II study of AMN107, a novel inhibitor of Bcr-Abl, administered to imatinib-resistant or intolerant patients (pts) with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in accelerated phase (AP)
Authors: P. D. Le Coutre, O. Ottmann, N. Gatterman, R. Larson, T. Rafferty, L. Alland, R. Tavorath, F. Giles, S. G. O’Brien, H. Kantarjian
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

6531 Background: AMN107 is a potent, highly selective, aminopyrimidine inhibitor which in vitro is 30-fold more potent than imatinib and is active against 32/33 imatinib resistant Bcr-Abl mutations. Methods: This open-label study was designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of AMN107 (400 mg bid) defined by hematologic/cytogenetic response (HR/CyR) rates in imatinib resistant or intolerant AP pts. Results: Preliminary data are presented for 22 pts (77% resistant and 23% intolerant to imatinib. Treatment is ongoing for 16 (73%) pts. Median age was 62 (43–76) yrs. Median duration of AMN107 exposure was 124 (3–207) days. Median time from AP diagnosis was 6 (0.2–56) mos. Three of 5 patients with data available had a Bcr-Abl mutation at baseline. HR occurred in 14 (64%) pts of which 10 (45%) were complete, 3 (14%) were marrow responses/no evidence of leukemia, and 1 return to chronic phase. CyR occurred in 6 pts (1 each complete, partial minor, and 3 minimal). All AE’s occurring in ≥10% pts were thrombocytopenia (8 [36%] pts; Gr 3/4, 6 [27%] pts), fatigue (7 [32%]), anemia, (6 [27%]; Gr 3/4, 4 [18%] pts) pruritus, muscle spasms (6 [27%] pts each), bone pain, cough, (5 pts [23%] each) rash (5 [23%] pts; Gr 3/4, 1 [5%] pt), neutropenia (4 [18%] pts, all Gr 3/4), diarrhea, headache, myalgia, pyrexia (4 [18%] pts each), abdominal pain, chills, constipation, dyspnea, nausea, extremity pain, and peripheral edema (3 [14%] pts each). Two 2 deaths occurred, 1 pt with thrombocytopenia had a CNS bleed and 1 pt had disease progression. Conclusions: These data suggest AMN107 is clinically active and has an acceptable safety profile when administered to pts with CML-AP. [Table: see text]