tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 150: Small Variations in Defibrillation Electrode Placement Affect Shock Success
Authors: Alexander Esibov, Sharon B Melnick, Fred W Chapman, Joseph L Sullivan, Gregory P Walcott
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Defibrillation is essential in treating cardiac arrest patients with ventricular fibrillation (VF). The success of the shock in terminating VF depends on many previously studied factors, including waveform and energy dose. It has been observed clinically that defibrillation electrode placement varies widely. The goal of this study was to assess the effect of small differences in defibrillation electrode placement on first shock defibrillation success rates in swine. Methods: In 10 anesthetized swine weighing 32.7 ± 2.5 kg (mean ± standard deviation), electrode pads were attached at 3 different symmetric positions: the medial edge of each electrode was placed 3% (2.1 ± 0.1 cm), 7% (4.7 ± 0.1 cm), or 11% (7.5 ± 0.2 cm) around the circumference of the chest from mid-sternum (Fig. 1). Biphasic impedance-compensated shocks were delivered through the pads with a 50-ohm resistor added in series to replicate human impedance. The order of the 3 positions was block randomized for each experiment. At each electrode position, 24 episodes were run: VF was electrically induced and up to 2 shocks were delivered. Primary outcome was defined as successful VF termination after the first shock; secondary outcome was the cumulative success of both the first and second shock. Results: Across all experiments, at the 3%, 7%, and 11% positions, first shock success was 38.3% (92/240), 48.3% (116/240), and 36.7% (88/240) (p = 0.02, Chi-square Test); cumulative 2-shock success was 59.6% (143/240), 63.8% (153/240), and 55.4% (133/240) (p = 0.18), respectively. The lowest first shock success was at the 3% position in 6 of 10 animals, at the 11% position in 4 of 10 animals, and never at the 7% position. Conclusions: Small changes in electrode pad placement can significantly affect defibrillation shock success. Although anatomic differences may prevent the existence of one optimal electrode position, one position may be more effective for VF termination than another in a given patient.
TUBERCULOSIS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A 35 YEAR EXPERIENCE
Authors: J A MYERS, R E BOYNTON, H S DIEHL
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1957)

Article1 February 1957TUBERCULOSIS AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS: A 35 YEAR EXPERIENCEJ. ARTHUR MYERS, F.A.C.P., RUTH E. BOYNTON, HAROLD S. DIEHLJ. ARTHUR MYERS, F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, RUTH E. BOYNTONSearch for more papers by this author, HAROLD S. DIEHLSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-46-2-201 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the fall of 1920 a clinic for diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the chest was established at the University of Minnesota Students' Health Service. This clinic has been in continuous operation for one or two hours each day through the regular school years and summers. During that period 155,021 students, exclusive of the Graduate School, have enrolled on the Minneapolis and St. Paul campuses. Admission to the chest clinic has been limited to students and personnel, both professional and nonprofessional, referred by other members of the medical staff, and those who personally made requests for examinations and treatment.... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Minneapolis, Minnesota*Received for publication March 23, 1956.From the Students' Health Service, School of Public Health, and Department of Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota.Prepared with the aid of the H. Longstreet Taylor Foundation, established by the Minnesota Tuberculosis and Health Association.Requests for reprints should be addressed to J. Arthur Myers, M.D., University of Minnesota School of Public Health, 1316 Mayo Memorial Building, Minneapolis 14, Minnesota. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMinimal Active Tuberculosis: an Increasingly Difficult Diagnosis 1 February 1957Volume 46, Issue 2Page: 201-217KeywordsEpidemiologyFallsGraduate medical educationLesionsMedical servicesMedical staffPrevention, policy, and public healthThoraxTuberculosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1957 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright ©, 1957, by The American College of PhysiciansPDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 41: 47 kda CXCR4: A marker for highly invasive neuroblastoma
Authors: Vipin Shankar, Lei Qi, Kentaro Kihira, Yoshihiro Komada, Hiroki Hori
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Neuroblastoma; a pediatric cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, which accounts for 15% of childhood cancer deaths, presents with metastatic disease of the bone and the bone marrow at diagnosis in 70% of the cases. Although studies have shown that the CXCL12 chemokine receptor CXCR4 mediates the process of metastasis in many cancer types, its role in the bone marrow metastasis of neuroblastoma is unclear. In an effort to better understand the role of the CXCR4- CXCL12 axis in bone marrow metastasis of neuroblsatoma, we screened 20 neuroblastoma cell lines for their invasive potential, and expression of CXCR4, and sought to identify a correlation between tumor invasiveness and CXCR4 expression. Western blot analyses of cell lysates revealed the presence of multiple CXCR4 isoforms with 3 prominent species at about 35 kda, 47 kda and 62 kda. Cell lines expressing the 47 kda isoform showed higher secretion of MMP9 in gelatin zymography and higher migration and invasion towards mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-conditioned-RPMI, in transwell migration/invasion studies. Far western blot analysis with immuno-precipitated CXCR4, showed that the 47kda protein bound with CXCL12 at a higher rate. Blocking CXCR4 with AMD3100 or a neutralizing antibody against the 47 Kda isoform decreased the secretion of MMP9, the expression of integrin α3 and integrin β1 and the invasive potential of the cell. These data suggest that the 47 kda CXCR4 plays a prominent role in the bone marrow metastasis of neuroblastoma and could possibly be used as a diagnostic marker for highly invasive neuroblastoma and the development of minimal residual disease. Citation Format: Vipin Shankar, Lei Qi, Kentaro Kihira, Yoshihiro Komada, Hiroki Hori. 47 kda CXCR4: A marker for highly invasive neuroblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 41. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-41
Genotypic characterisation of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from haemato-oncological patients at Olomouc University Hospital, Czech Republic
Authors: M. Kolar, R. Pantucek, I. Vagnerova, M. Kesselova, P. Sauer, I. Matouskova, J. Doskar, D. Koukalova, P. Hejnar
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2006)
Abstract 929: Identification of ZBTB20 as a novel oncogene associated with the gender bias occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Vincent W. Keng, Barbara R. Tschida, Timothy P. Kuka, Branden S. Moriarity, Jason B. Bell, David A. Largaespada
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The role of zinc finger and BTB domain containing 20 (ZBTB20) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is not well defined, as there are many discrepancies in the literature regarding its role in liver tumorigenesis. ZBTB20 has been implicated to play a role in liver cancer as a potential oncogene where increased expression is associated with poor survival. Conversely, it has been shown to be a transcriptional repressor of the alpha-fetoprotein (Afp) gene in adult liver using knockout studies, and reduced levels of ZBTB20 allow for upregulation of AFP with increased tumor severity in certain cases of HCC. Zbtb20 was initially identified as a candidate liver cancer gene in a forward genetic screen using the Sleeping Beauty (SB) insertional mutagenesis system in mice. In order to determine the role of ZBTB20 in liver cancer, the SB transposon system was used as a genetic tool to randomly integrate ZBTB20-expression vectors into the genome of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (Fah)-deficient mouse hepatocytes by hydrodynamic injection. This method of reverse genetics is a powerful tool for in vivo validation of novel oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Hepatocytes transgenic for ZBTB20 and in the context of tumor protein p53 (TP53) inactivation developed liver tumors in a male gender bias manner. Although ZBTB20 induced hepatic hypertrophy in both genders, hepatomegaly was observed exclusively in male animals. Interestingly, activation of the ß-catenin (Ctnnb1) dependent Wnt signaling pathway was observed in all male experimental injected animals, indicating the role of Zbtb20 in this important pathway for liver tumorigenesis. Taken together, these results implicate the role of ZBTB20 as a novel oncogene involved in the gender bias occurrence of HCC. Citation Format: Vincent W. Keng, Barbara R. Tschida, Timothy P. Kuka, Branden S. Moriarity, Jason B. Bell, David A. Largaespada. Identification of ZBTB20 as a novel oncogene associated with the gender bias occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 929. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-929
Abstract 16238: Mortality and Predictors of Appropriate ICD Therapy in Japanese Primary <i>Prevention</i> Patients: A 13-year Experience Based on the MADIT2 Criteria
Authors: Yoshimori An, Kenji Ando, Michio Nagashima, Masato Fukunaga, Kenichi Hiroshima, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: There are still limited data on the mortality for a long-term follow-up and the clinical factors influencing appropriate therapies in Japanese patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) for primary prevention, who satisfied the criteria in Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial 2 (MADIT2). Methods: Between January 2000 and December 2012, a total of 436 patients without prior ventricular arrhythmic event underwent ICD implantation for primary prevention at our institution. Among these patients, we enrolled consecutive 122 patients (69±10 years, male: 84%, biventricular-pacing: 54%, median follow-up: 1390 days) who met the MADIT2 criteria; left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤30% with ischemic heart disease, more than 4 weeks after myocardial infarction. Results: At the 3 years of follow-up, the mortality rate (21%) was comparable with that of the original MADIT2 ICD group (20%). The Kaplan-Meier event rate for appropriate ICD therapy (shock and anti-tachycardia pacing therapy) (35%) was also similar to that of the original MADIT2 ICD group (32%). Multivariate analysis by Cox regression model revealed that left ventricular diastolic diameter (LVDd) ≥60mm (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 1.65, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.16-2.14, P=0.004) and non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) (HR: 1.55, 95%CI: 1.13-2.15, P=0.007) were independent predictors for appropriate ICD therapy. On the other hand, LVEF, NYHA class, biventricular-pacing, amiodarone or inducibility of ventricular arrhythmia was not associated with appropriate ICD therapy. Conclusion: Appropriate ICD therapy was delivered in Japanese primary prevention patients as often as in the original MADIT2 ICD group and strongly predicted by dilated left ventricle and NSVT.
Abstract 19: Stimulatory Effects of Fructose vs. Glucose on Brain Reward Activation and Hunger are Heightened in Obese Young Adults
Authors: Kathleen Page, Shan Luo, Sandra Huang, Ana Romero, John Monterosso
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Increases in consumption of sugar-sweeteners are linked to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Studies by our group and others suggest that the fructose component of sugar-sweeteners may act centrally to promote overeating behavior. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we previously demonstrated that, unlike glucose, fructose ingestion failed to reduce neuronal activity in brain appetite and reward regions and failed to increase satiety in normal-weight adults. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that fructose compared to glucose ingestion would cause greater food-cue reactivity in brain reward areas and greater hunger, and that these differential effects would be heightened in obese compared to lean individuals. This study is part of a larger ongoing double-blinded, random-order crossover study on brain, hormone and appetitive responses to acute consumption of drinks containing 75 grams (300kcal) fructose or an equivalent dose of glucose. fMRI scans were performed using a 3-Tesla scanner on 13 participants, 5 obese (3 female,2 male; age 22±2, BMI 37±3.8) and 8 lean (3 female,5 male; age 21±2, BMI 22.8±1.7). Scanning was performed while participants viewed images of high-calorie food pictures and non-food items using a block design. Appetite scales were obtained before and 60 min after drink ingestion. Blood-oxygen level dependent (BOLD) sequences were used to measure brain responses to food and non-food cues after drink ingestion. Paired-t tests were performed to examine drink effects on BOLD responses to high-calorie food vs. non-food cues and hunger responses. Obese vs. lean comparison of drink effects were analyzed using independent samples T-tests. In the total group, fructose vs. glucose ingestion resulted in greater activation of the amygdala (9.1±4, p=.045) and the nucleus accumbens (11.4±6, p=.07), brain regions that mediate reward and pleasure. There were no significant differences in baseline hunger ratings between sessions. However, hunger ratings were significantly greater after consumption of fructose compared to glucose (1.9±0.6, p=.011). Body mass index (BMI) group interactions were seen with drink condition. Amygdala activation was significantly greater after fructose vs. glucose ingestion in the obese group (t(1,4)=4.406, p=0.01), but not the lean group (t(1,7)=0.754, p=0.48). Ratings of hunger tended to be higher after fructose vs. glucose ingestion in the obese compared to the lean group but the differences were not statistically significant with this sample size (p=0.15). In conclusion, these results demonstrate that acute consumption of fructose compared to glucose results in greater brain reward activation to high-calorie food cues and increased hunger. These disparate responses to fructose vs. glucose ingestion were heightened in obese individuals and may play a role in promoting overeating behavior.
629. VEGF Promoter-Based Conditionally Replicative Adenoviruses Are Useful for the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Authors: Koichi Takayama, Akiko Ikegami, Hiroyuki Inoue, Lioudmila Kaliberova, Junji Uchino, David T. Curiel, Yoichi Nakanishi
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)
Abstract 1591: Src is activated in cervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Masato Nishimura, Natsumi Tanimura, Takako Kawakita, Kanako yoshidaa, Minoru Irahara
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Src family tyrosine kinases are important factors for cell growth. Src is reported to be activated in ovarian mucinous adenocarcinoma, and correlates with oxaliplatin resistance. Cervical adenocarcinoma is thought to have worse prognosis compared with squamous cell carcinoma due to low response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. So new therapy has been expected for cervical adenocarcinoma. We examined src expression by immunohistochemistry in cervical adenocarcinoma treated with surgery during 2001 to 2011 and association with clinico pathological findings. 36 invasive cancers and 1 adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and 12 normal cervical glands were examined. In invasive cancer, src was activated in 16/36 (44%) cases, especially in 9/15 (60%) of mucinous type. Src was also activated in AIS, but not in normal cervical glands. The frequency of parametrial invasion and lymphnode metastasis in Src positive and negative cases were 1/15 (7%) versus 1/18 (6%) and 2/15 (13%) versus 3/20 (15%) in respectively. There were no statistical differences between src positive and negative cases. 3 cases in src positive and 1 case in src negative recurred. Moreover, src was activated in I case of AIS, but not activated in adjacent normal gland. In summary, src activation is an early event in the carcinogenesis of cervical adenocarcinoma, and has possibility to be a new target in the treatment of cervical adenocarcinoma. Citation Format: Masato Nishimura, Natsumi Tanimura, Takako Kawakita, Kanako yoshidaa, Minoru Irahara. Src is activated in cervical adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1591. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1591
Abstract 4150: Nicotine dependence impacts the relationship between genetic variants and risk of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Tung-Sung Tseng, Jong Y. Park, Jovanny Zabaleta, Sarah Moody-Thomas, Melinda S. Sothern, Ted Chen, Hui-Yi Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death, accounted for 27% of cancer deaths for Americans in 2013. Despite its negative impact on public health, effective early detection tools for lung cancer are still under development. Several genetic variations associated with lung cancer risk and smoking behavior have been identified in some genome-wide association studies. It is unclear, however, if the gene variants affect lung cancer risk directly or indirectly through nicotine dependence. In an attempt to elucidate the relationships between lung cancer, genetic variants and smoking, we applied mediation analysis to quantify the impact of nicotine dependence. We evaluated 37 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine candidate genes (TERT, CLPTM1L, CHRNB3, CHRNA6, CHRNA5/A3/B4, CYP1A1, and TP53), previously reported to be associated with lung cancer risk or with smoking behavior. A total of 661 lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) cases and 1,347 controls with a smoking history obtained from the Environment and Genetics in Lung Cancer Etiology (EAGLE) case-control study were included in the study. Results show that nicotine dependence is a mediator of the association between lung ADC and gene variations of CHRNA3 and CHRNB4 and accounts for approximately 20% of this relationship. The association between two CHRNA3 SNPs (rs1051730 and rs12914385) and risk for lung ADC reached a genome-wide significance (p-value=1.9x10-10 and 1.1x10-10, respectively). Also, these two SNPs had the most significant indirect effect on lung ADC risk through nicotine dependence (p=7x10-5 and 3x10-4). Gene variations rs2736100 and rs2853676 in TERT and rs401681 and rs31489 in CLPTM1L had a significant direct association on lung ADC without an indirect effect through nicotine dependence. In addition, rs6474414 in CHRNB3 and rs4646421 in CYP1A1, were associated with nicotine dependence but not directly with lung ADC risk. Our findings provide valuable information for understanding the pathogenesis and for developing potentially effective screening tools for lung ADC. These identified SNPs may improve prediction accuracy of lung ADC at earlier stages, which is essential to enhancing survival rates. Translating these findings into public health practice may lead to tailored and customized smoking cessation interventions for Individuals with genetic variants, which have both direct and indirect effect through nicotine dependence on lung ADC. Citation Format: Tung-Sung Tseng, Jong Y. Park, Jovanny Zabaleta, Sarah Moody-Thomas, Melinda S. Sothern, Ted Chen, Hui-Yi Lin. Nicotine dependence impacts the relationship between genetic variants and risk of lung adenocarcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4150. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4150
Antimicrobial Therapy and Vaccines, vol 1: Microbes
Authors: R. J. Pomerantz
Journal: JAMA (2003)

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Abstract 100: Mechanical Devices Are More Effective than Manual Compressions Regarding Resuscitation Concomitant with Emergency Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Luis A Dallan, Tulio T Vargas, Bruno L Janella, Jamil R Cade, Breno O Almeida, Andre G Spadaro, Sergio Timerman, Marco A Perin
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Cardiac arrest during procedures in the Cath Lab is excessively harmful, as manual chest compressions prevents the continuity of coronary angiography and coronary angioplasty and require the assistance of trained staff in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) quickly and accurately. AutoPulse® is a mechanical CPR device that consists of mechanical pneumatic band attached to a board that involves the patient’s chest and allows effective and continuous pneumatic compressions, allowing mechanical CPR simultaneously to coronary angiography and angioplasty. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that mechanical CPR may be feasible during percutaneous coronary interventions and more effective than manual CPR by the analysis of intra-coronary pressure curves. Methods: The device was used in 6 consecutive cases of cardiac arrests (ventricular fibrillation refractory to attempts of defibrillation and standard treatment) in the Cath Lab, allowing continuity of percutaneous coronary intervention concomitant with CPR. Intra-coronary curves were measured initially during manual chest compressions (manual CPR) and later, after the correct installation of AutoPulse® during mechanical compressions with this device (mechanical CPR). Results: It was possible to complete coronary angiography with the device attached to the patient in all cases, and it was also possible to complete coronary angioplasty during mechanical CPR. In all cases, mechanical CPR provided uninterrupted chest compressions more effectively and always stable in stead of manual compressions. Although a mean blood pressure of 40mmHg in both methods, mechanical CPR was able to maintain this pressure for a long time, but manual CPR had an important reduction in mean blood pressure after two minutes of CPR in all cases. Conclusions: In conclusion, percutaneous coronary interventions are feasible concurrent with mechanical CPR using AutoPulse® in patients suffering cardiac arrest in the Cath Lab. The device provided uninterrupted chest compressions more effective than manual compressions, as well as allowed the freedom of the physicians to attempt other functions, different from CPR, during the procedures.