tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2053: F-XA7, a novel derivative of vinca alkaloid with potent antitumor activity, efficiently overrides P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i>.
Authors: Haitian Quan, Yongping Xu, Lihong Hu, Liguang Lou
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Vinorelbine, a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid, is widely used for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic breast cancer and ovarian cancer by inhibiting microtubule assembly. However, drug resistance mediated by P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and neurotoxic side effect possibly caused by microtubule paracrystal are major obstacles to vinorelbine application in clinic. Here, we describe a vinorelbine derivative F-XA7 as a novel microtubule-disrupting agent. F-XA7 inhibits microtubule assembly by binding to tubulin at the same site as vinorelbine and thus inhibiting the proliferation of cultured tumor cells. In vivo, F-XA7 exhibits potent antitumor activity against human tumor xenografts in nude mice. More importantly, F-XA7 is active against vinorelbine-resistant tumor cells mediated by P-gp-overexpression and significantly suppresses the growth of P-gp-overexpressing tumor xenograft in vivo, indicating that F-XA7 efficiently overrides P-gp-mediated drug resistance. In addition, the activity of F-XA7 to induce microtubule paracrystal is much weaker than that of vinorelbine in cultured cells, suggesting it may have less neurotoxic side effect. Collectively, these results indicate that F-XA7 is a novel and promising microtubule-disrupting agent for cancer therapy. Citation Format: Haitian Quan, Yongping Xu, Lihong Hu, Liguang Lou. F-XA7, a novel derivative of vinca alkaloid with potent antitumor activity, efficiently overrides P-glycoprotein-mediated drug resistance both in vitro and in vivo. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2053. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2053
Detection of mild to moderate influenza A/H7N9 infection by China's national sentinel surveillance system for influenza-like illness: case series
Authors: D. K. Ip, Q. Liao, P. Wu, Z. Gao, B. Cao, L. Feng, X. Xu, H. Jiang, M. Li, J. Bao, J. Zheng, Q. Zhang, Z. Chang, Y. Li, J. Yu, F. Liu, M. Y. Ni, J. T. Wu, B. J. Cowling, W. Yang, G. M. Leung, H. Yu
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<b>Objective</b> To characterise the complete case series of influenza A/H7N9 infections as of 27 May 2013, detected by China's national sentinel surveillance system for influenza-like illness. <b>Design</b> Case series. <b>Setting</b> Outpatient clinics and emergency departments of 554 sentinel hospitals across 31 provinces in mainland China. <b>Cases</b> Infected individuals were identified through cross-referencing people who had laboratory confirmed A/H7N9 infection with people detected by the sentinel surveillance system for influenza-like illness, where patients meeting the World Health Organization's definition of influenza-like illness undergo weekly surveillance, and 10-15 nasopharyngeal swabs are collected each week from a subset of patients with influenza-like illness in each hospital for virological testing. We extracted relevant epidemiological data from public health investigations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at the local, provincial, and national level; and clinical and laboratory data from chart review. <b>Main outcome measure</b> Epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory profiles of the case series. <b>Results</b> Of 130 people with laboratory confirmed A/H7N9 infection as of 27 May 2013, five (4%) were detected through the sentinel surveillance system for influenza-like illness. Mean age was 13 years (range 2-26), and none had any underlying medical conditions. Exposure history, geographical location, and timing of symptom onset of these five patients were otherwise similar to the general cohort of laboratory confirmed cases so far. Only two of the five patients needed hospitalisation, and all five had mild or moderate disease with an uneventful course of recovery. <b>Conclusion</b> Our findings support the existence of a "clinical iceberg" phenomenon in influenza A/H7N9 infections, and reinforce the need for vigilance to the diverse presentation that can be associated with A/H7N9 infection. At the public health level, indirect evidence suggests a substantial proportion of mild disease in A/H7N9 infections.
Industrial injury benefits
Authors: P. Greenfield
Journal: BMJ (1984)

oldest case of fibrolamellar hepatoma to be reported.Her serum B12 concentration was actually low (96 pmol/l (130 ng/l); normal range 147-737 pmol/l (200-1000 ng/l)) al- though the binding capacity was not measured.We have showed that measurement of urinary dopa metabolites may be misleading, that fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma is not confined to the young, and that thorough investigation of a mass in the liver of a 65 year old is always necessary.
Disposal of plastic insulin syringes and needles.
Authors: W D Alexander, C Corrigan, P Todd, M Wells
Journal: BMJ (1987)

virus and HIV we have formulated a policy to deal with it.In western Europe only 0-1-0-5% of the population are carriers of hepatitis B virus.Chronic carriage among intravenous drug abusers is much higher.The risk of acquiring infection with hepatitis B virus after injury from an infected needle ranges from 6% to 30%.' Infectivity depends on the concomitant presence of hepatitis B e antigen.2The prevalence of HIV in the general population is much lower than that of hepatitis B virus, but again drug abusers are an at risk group.Although the risk of acquiring infection with HIV after an injury from a needle with the virus is less than 1%,' it is not negligible.3Most hospital laboratories can test for or refer for testing for HBsAg and HIV antibodies, and results should be available within four hours.Although no treatment exists for infection with HIV, preventing infection with hepatitis B virus by immunisation is possible.For passive immunity to be successful hepatitis B immunoglobulin should be administered within 48 hours.4Its supply is limited at present, and it should therefore be reserved when possible for identified cases.Producing active immunity by hepatitis B vaccination is also an effective means of prevention, particularly when vaccine is given early.5We used both forms of immunisation.Similar problems should be dealt with as follows.The nature and time of the needlestick injury should be noted.Ifthe needle and syringe are available screening tests should be performed.If time permits no treatment is required until the results are known.If the results of screening are positive for hepatitis B virus, the needle and syringe are not available, or time does not permit the patient should be immunised against hepatitis B. Ifresults are positive for HIV the patient should be followed up, though no treatment can be offered.1 Centers for Disease Control.Recommendations for preventing transmission of HTLV III in the workplace.
Case 45-1967
Authors: Barry G. W. Arnason, Robert E. Scully
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1967)

Presentation of CaseA sixty-nine-year-old woman entered the hospital because of fatigue and decreasing vision.For about fifteen years she had had diminished vision in the left eye. Seven years before entry the diagnosis of glaucoma was made; the intraocular pressure was said to be normal; pilocarpine eye drops were prescribed. During the year before admission the visual difficulty increased, and three weeks before entry there was a transient episode of ptosis of the left eyelid. On examination one week later the visual acuity was 20/30 in the right eye; she could count fingers at 4 feet with the left . . .
Is Grief a Disease? Sometimes.
Authors: Richard M. Glass
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Treatment of Relapsing Paralysis in Experimental Encephalomyelitis by Targeting Th1 Cells through Atorvastatin
Authors: Orhan Aktas, Sonia Waiczies, Alina Smorodchenko, Jan Dörr, Bibiane Seeger, Timour Prozorovski, Stephanie Sallach, Matthias Endres, Stefan Brocke, Robert Nitsch, Frauke Zipp
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2003)

Statins, known as inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, exhibit numerous functions related to inflammation, such as MHC class II down-regulation, interference with T cell adhesion, and induction of apoptosis. Here we demonstrate that both subcutaneous and oral administration of atorvastatin inhibit the development of actively induced chronic experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in SJL/J mice and significantly reduce the inflammatory infiltration into the central nervous system (CNS). When treatment was started after disease onset, atorvastatin reduced the incidence of relapses and protected from the development of further disability. Both the reduced autoreactive T cell response measured by proliferation toward the encephalitogenic peptide PLP139–151 and the cytokine profile indicate a potent blockade of T helper cell type 1 immune response. In in vitro assays atorvastatin not only inhibited antigen-specific responses, but also decreased T cell proliferation mediated by direct TCR engagement independently of MHC class II and LFA-1. Inhibition of proliferation was not due to apoptosis induction, but linked to a negative regulation on cell cycle progression. However, early T cell activation was unaffected, as reflected by unaltered calcium fluxes. Thus, our results provide evidence for a beneficial role of statins in the treatment of autoimmune attack on the CNS.
Non-Beta-Blocking Actions of Propranolol
Authors: Jan Koch-Weser
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

Drugs are subject to type-casting. Once we become impressed with their stellar performance of an important pharmacologic function, we tend to attribute all their effects to this mechanism. Propranolol is an outstanding example of this conceptual short circuit.The existence of two types of adrenergic receptors, termed alpha and beta, was suggested by Ahlquist 27 years ago.1 It has provided an excellent basis for classifying the actions of the many sympathomimetic amines on their multiple effector organs and for categorizing compounds that selectively inhibit certain responses to these amines and to adrenergic nerve activity. Sympathomimetic amines vary only quantitatively in . . .
Wrongful diagnosis of child abuse
Authors: R. Kumar
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2005)

I make no claim to special expertise in the radiology of the battered baby nor indeed in the general field of child abuse, but I know a shaky argument buttressed by a smokescreen reference when I see one. Dr Le Fanu (June 2005 JRSM1) states baldly '... radiologists' misinterpretation of normal variants of ossification in the first year of life as being metaphyseal fractures accounts for the obvious discrepancy between the findings of multiple fractures on skeletal survey and the absence of any clinical signs of abusive injury'. The quoted reference2 is to a pictorial essay on normal appearances, published in 1991 to help familiarize radiologists with the range of normality, and containing no evidence to support such a statement. Indeed knowledge of such normal variants is the radiologist's stock in trade. While there may of course have been isolated cases of radiological misinterpretation in the past, a sweeping generalization like this without a shred of evidence merely damages Le Fanu's case (which, after all, is that doctors should have a thorough balanced grasp of the relevant scientific evidence before giving an expert opinion—to paraphrase his opening sentence). In my experience radiologists are acutely aware of the difficulties and sensitivities involved in this area and the X-rays in any given case are as a result likely to have been extensively reviewed by colleagues with special expertise long before appearing as evidence.
The Ways of the Will: Essays Toward a Psychology and Psychopathology of Will
Authors: Marjorie C. Meehan
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Although "will to power" was recognized by Alfred Adler, and Otto Rank promulgated "will psychology," most 20th century psychiatrists have paid little attention to the subject. Perhaps the preference of many scientists for determinism leads them to deny the existence of will, although they discuss motivations and desires. Perhaps some association of will and morality, and a reluctance to discuss the latter, explain this avoidance. Now, however, Farber, a psychoanalyst active in the Washington School of Psychiatry, has written a book about the will. The first chapter discusses the many shades of meaning of the term and describes two distinct relams. The first is the general underlying direction or aim of our lives, the second, the more immediate conscious purposes and goals. The author points out how often we attempt to exert will in areas where it cannot succeed. For instance, we can will knowledge, but not wisdom; eating, but
Making it real: Interpreting economic experiments
Authors: Eric Alden Smith
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

The relationship between game play and naturalistic cooperation, generosity, or market involvement is ambiguous at best, making it difficult to link game results to preferences and beliefs guiding decision-making in daily life. Discounting reputation-based explanations because the games are anonymous, while arguing that game play is guided by motivational structures or framing effects reflecting daily life, is inconsistent.
Validity of Indicator-Dilution Determinations of Cardiac Output in Patients with Mitral Regurgitation
Authors: PHILIP SAMET, WILLIAM H. BERNSTEIN, CESAR CASTILLO
Journal: Circulation (1966)

A total of 532 groups of indicator-dilution determinations of cardiac index were performed in four groups of patients, many with mitral regurgitation. The indicator, indocyanine green, was injected into the right atrium and sampled from both the pulmonary and systemic arterial trees. The potential problem imposed by early recirculation of indicator particles was present in the latter but not the former dilution curves. The absence of physiologically significant differences between the two sampling sites demonstrates that even severe mitral regurgitation does not vitiate indicator-dilution determination of cardiac output after right heart injection and systemic arterial sampling if the downstroke of the primary dilution curve permits a straight line semilogarithmic extrapolation.
Chondrocalcinosis Articularis: Section I. Clinical and Radiological Study
Authors: D. Zitnan, S Sit'Aj
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1963)

During the past 7 years we have had the opportunity of studying 27 cases of a condition characterized by multiple calcification of hyaline and fibrous cartilage both of the joints and of the intervertebral disks.*We present in this paper a detailed nosographical analysis of this clinical entity which we have named articular chondro- calcinosis (AC).Up to 1955, when we saw our first cases, we found a few reports in the medical literature describing altogether fifteen cases with calcification of the articular cartilage.Since 1955 reports on a further seventeen cases have been published.+All the 32 cases so far reported are summarized in Table I (opposite).Personal Observations Our series of 27 patients with AC comprises eleven men and sixteen women aged 26 to 77 years. Clinical AnalysisArticular chondrocalcinosis is manifested by episodic inflammatory involvement, acute or sub- acute, of one or more joints.The swelling of a joint, heralded by pain on movement, develops quickly and reaches its peak on the third or fourth day.If the knee joint is involved an exudate is found from the first day of the swelling.The duration of this arthritic involvement varies from 7 to 50 days (average 15).Often several joints are involved, either simultaneously, or at short intervals;
Reviews and Notes: Clinical Skills for Adult Primary Care
Authors: Richard P. Day
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine15 July 1996Reviews and Notes: Clinical Skills for Adult Primary CareRichard P. Day, MDRichard P. Day, MDPhysicians Plus Medical Group, Madison, WI 53703Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-2-199607150-00035 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ME Silverman and JW Hurst; eds. 319 pages. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven; 1996. $39.95. ISBN 0781703271. Order phone 800-777-2295.Historically, the mark of an internist was the ability to diagnose illness through the clinical history and physical examination. Many would say that the decline of internal medicine as a specialty has coincided with the rise of laboratory and imaging technology; correspondingly, skills once important to our profession have atrophied. Ironically, the increasing emphasis on limiting access to technology for financial reasons should allow physical diagnosis to play a more central role in the practice of internal medicine and throughout primary care.Silverman ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Physicians Plus Medical Group, Madison, WI 53703 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 July 1996Volume 125, Issue 2Page: 159KeywordsFallsLaboratory testsResearch laboratoriesSub-specialty care ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 July 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
"Academic spring" sees widening boycott of Elsevier
Authors: K. Epstein
Journal: BMJ (2012)

Elsevier has withdrawn its support for controversial US legislation that would have strengthened the company’s online paywall after a growing online boycott by thousands of researchers complaining of profit taking by scientific journals at their expense.

As of 27 February some 7380 academics have signed an online petition (http://thecostofknowledge.com/) declaring that they will no longer edit or referee papers to be published in Elsevier’s journals or have their own papers published by them.

Although for years researchers and librarians have voiced concerns about publishers’ profits and the prices of their journals, the latest digital uprising is a response to support by Elsevier and the Association of American Publishers for new legislation that they see as restricting the flow of knowledge. Some people are referring to the protest as an “academic spring.”

Under the legislation, guarantees of free access to publicly funded medical research in the United States could be ended, even when the research is financed by taxpayers (BMJ 2012;344:e452, 17 Jan, doi:10.1136/bmj.e452). Two competing measures, the Research Works Act, proposed in December, and the Federal Research Public Access Act, on 9 February, would undo a 2008 policy adopted by the National Institutes of Health that required articles arising from government funded research to be made free to view on the electronic archives of the National Library of Medicine ( BMJ 2007;335:906, doi:10.1136/bmj.39384.638241.DB). A similar policy of free access is being …
Arterial Oxygen Desaturation Following Sedated Endoscopic Examination
Authors: G. Forbes, G. van Lawick, S. Nikoietti, A. Burvill
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

See also: Routine Use of Pulse Oximetry and Supplemental Oxygen During Endoscopic Procedures Under Conscious Sedation: British Beef or Common Sense?Endoscopy 1996; 28(08): 718-721DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-1005583
Degloving of the Renal Capsule During Live Donor Nephrectomy Leading to Post-transplant Urine Leak in Recipient
Authors: Michael C. Roarke, Ba D. Nguyen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2008)

Living donor renal transplantation surgery can be associated with a number of well-known potential complications associated with the implantation of the allograft, including infection, rejection, hemorrhage, thrombosis, obstruction, and urine leak. The donor nephrectomy procedure itself can result in trauma to the kidney, which may manifest as a postoperative complication. One such rare complication is stripping of the renal capsule from the donor kidney during nephrectomy, known as degloving injury. We present the Tc-99m MAG-3 renal scintigraphy findings in a case of intraoperatively confirmed renal transplant urine leak in the recipient caused by degloving of the donor kidney capsule during laparoscopic donor nephrectomy.