tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
John B. O’Sullivan: A Pioneer in the Study of Gestational Diabetes
Authors: Robert H. Knopp
Journal: Diabetes Care (2002)

The increased obstetrical risk associated with diabetes first recognized in pregnancy, i.e., gestational diabetes, was first described in the postwar period by Dr. J. P. Hoet in a paper written in French and translated into English by Dr. F.D.W. Lukens for publication in Diabetes in 1954 (1). Not long after that the National Institutes of Health developed a program in the epidemiology of chronic disease, and a field center was established in Boston, Massachusetts, under Hugh Wilkerson (2). Dr. John B. O’Sullivan, having grown up in Ireland and graduated from the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1951, found his way to America and joined this program in the mid-late 1950s.

At the time there was a great controversy about how to diagnose gestational diabetes. Using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) criteria for nonpregnant subjects, the incidence of diabetes was as much as one-third of the entire pregnancy population. To address this question, O’Sullivan performed 100-g OGTTs in 752 mainly second- and third-trimester pregnant women and published the first, second, and third standard deviation upper limits …
Occurrence of cholesterol crystals in human bile
Authors: W. Van Der Linden, F. Nakayama
Journal: Gut (1974)

The occurrence of cholesterol crystals was studied in 20 consecutive gallstone patients with functioning gallbladders. The frequency with which crystals were found rose sharply with the number of stones. Gallbladder bile was found more often to contain cholesterol crystals than hepatic bile of the same individual. Such crystals were absent in T tube drain bile from 10 consecutive choledochostomy patients, studied after the reestablishment of the enterohepatic circulation for at least five days. In gallstone patients in whom the gallbladder was visualized at cholecystography the hepatic bile contained cholesterol crystals more often than in patients with gallbladders not so visualized. In the latter patients the crystals tended to disappear after prolonged fasting. Bile analysis showed hepatic bile of patients with non-functioning gallbladders to be less lithogenic than bile in cases with functioning gallbladders. In the former group bile contained relatively more chenodeoxycholic acid than in the latter. The composition of bile with cholesterol crystals did not differ significantly from that of bile without crystals. In the final analysis it is important to identify possible factors responsible for the precipitation of cholesterol from supersaturated bile.
Access and surgical approach to the isolated intranasal basal cell carcinoma
Authors: D.C. Ponsky, A.R. Schmitt, D.W. Stepnick, J.S. Bordeaux
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2013)

Primary intranasal basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a rare tumour that presents a therapeutic challenge. Here we present two cases illustrating the lateral alarotomy to gain access to an isolated BCC involving only the intranasal lining. Successful intranasal access was achieved in both cases using the alarotomy technique. We also review other methods of repair for the isolated intranasal lining defect. The presentation of intranasal BCC purely as an isolated entity without cutaneous involvement is rare, and our surgical approach via alarotomy allows optimum visibility for tumour resection.
RETRACTED: Viability and proliferation of rat MSCs on adhesion protein-modified PET and PU scaffolds
Authors: Ylva Gustafsson, Johannes Haag, Philipp Jungebluth, Vanessa Lundin, Mei Ling Lim, Silvia Baiguera, Fatemeh Ajalloueian, Costantino Del Gaudio, Alessandra Bianco, Guido Moll, Sebastian Sjöqvist, Greg Lemon, Ana Isabel Teixeira, Paolo Macchiarini
Journal: Biomaterials (2012)
Negative Pressure Suction During Blood Sampling May Reduce the Difference in Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose Results Between Fingertip Pricking and Forearm Pricking
Authors: Keiko Arimoto, Hideyuki Sasaki, Kenichi Ogawa, Hiroshi Yamasaki, Kunihisa Okamoto, Hiroto Furuta, Tadashi Hanabusa, Masahiro Nishi, Taisei Nakao, Kishio Nanjo
Journal: Diabetes Care (2004)

Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) at alternate puncture sites, such as the forearm, gives users an alternative to fingertip puncture, which can be painful. However, it has been reported that blood glucose values obtained at alternate sites are different from those obtained at the fingertip. We aimed to examine whether SMBG results obtained at the forearm are clinically identical to those at the fingertip and whether blood sampling technique by negative pressure suction could reduce the fingertip-to-forearm differences.

Five male volunteers were recruited. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) identified four individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and one with diabetes. Subject age, HbA1c, fasting venous plasma glucose, and BMI were 50.4 ± 2.1 years, 5.2 ± 0.3%, 95 ± 10 mg/dl, and 23.1 ± 0.6 kg/m2, respectively (means ± SE). Each participant was fully informed about the experiment and signed the consent form before the study began.

OGTT and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were continuously performed in the fasting state. OGTT was performed using the usual methods; blood glucose levels were monitored at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after the ingestion of a 75-g glucose solution. After the blood collection at 120 min of the OGTT, ITT was started by intravenous administration of insulin at 0.1 unit/1 kg body wt. The …
Identifying Fungal Isolates Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry
Authors: B GREEN, J HETTICK, D SCHMECHEL, M KASHON, J SLAVEN, F BLACHERE, A BUSKIRK, E JANOTKA, P SIEGEL, D BEEZHOLD
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2008)
Association of Protamine IgE and IgG Antibodies with Life-Threatening Reactions to Intravenous Protamine
Authors: Michael E. Weiss, Daniel Nyhan, Zhikang Peng, Jan C. Horrow, Edward Lowenstein, Carol Hirshman, N. Franklin Adkinson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1989)

Life-threatening reactions to intravenous protamine, administered to reverse heparin anticoagulation, have been reported with increasing frequency as a consequence of the escalating use of cardiac catheterization and coronary bypass surgery. Retrospective studies have shown that such reactions are more common in diabetic patients receiving daily subcutaneous injections of protamine–insulin preparations. To determine whether antiprotamine IgE or IgG antibodies might explain the increased risk for protamine reactions among patients with protamine–insulin–dependent diabetes, we conducted a case-control study of 27 patients (diabetic and nondiabetic) who had acute reactions to intravenous protamine and 43 diabetic patients who tolerated protamine without a reaction during diagnostic or surgical procedures. Cases and controls were grouped according to previous exposure to protamine–insulin preparations. In diabetic patients who had received protamine–insulin injections, the presence of serum antiprotamine IgE antibody was a significant risk factor for acute protamine reactions (relative risk, 95; P = 1.0x10–5), as was antiprotamine IgG (relative risk, 38; P = 1.2x10–5). No patients without previous exposure to protamine–insulin injections had serum protamine IgE antibodies. In this group, antiprotamine IgG antibody was a risk factor for protamine reactions (relative risk, 25; P = 0.0062). We conclude that in protamine–insulin–dependent diabetics, the increased risk of serious reactions when intravenous protamine was given appeared to be caused largely by antibody-mediated mechanisms. In nondiabetic subjects, the presence of protamine IgG was significantly associated with an increased risk of acute protamine reactions, although many nondiabetic subjects who had reactions had no IgG antibodies. (N Engl J Med 1989; 320:886–92.)
A multicentre randomized controlled trial of ion-exchange water softeners for the treatment of eczema in children: protocol for the Softened Water Eczema Trial (SWET) (ISRCTN: 71423189)
Authors: K.S. Thomas, T.H. Sach
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Journal Article A multicentre randomized controlled trial of ion‐exchange water softeners for the treatment of eczema in children: protocol for the Softened Water Eczema Trial (SWET) (ISRCTN: 71423189) Get access K.S. Thomas, K.S. Thomas Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, King’s Meadow Campus, Nottingham NG7 2NR, U.K. *University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K. Correspondence: Kim Thomas. E‐mail: kim.thomas@nottingham.ac.uk Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T.H. Sach, T.H. Sach Centre of Evidence Based Dermatology, University of Nottingham, King’s Meadow Campus, Nottingham NG7 2NR, U.K. *University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar on behalf of the SWET Trial Investigators on behalf of the SWET Trial Investigators Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 159, Issue 3, 1 September 2008, Pages 561–566, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2008.08704.x Published: 01 September 2008
Abstract 716: Global Left Ventricular Longitudinal Strain Assessed with Automated Function Imaging after Acute Myocardial Infarction Reflects Infarct Size and Predicts Long-Term Recovery of Left Ventricular Function
Authors: Sjoerd A Mollema, Victoria Delgado, Matteo Bertini, Eric Boersma, Eduard R Holman, Ernst E Van der Wall, Martin J Schalij, Jeroen J Bax
Journal: Circulation (2008)
Abstract P4-13-01: Racial Disparities in the Incidence of Dose-limiting Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: RM Speck, MD Sammel, JT Farrar, S Hennessy, JJ Mao, MG Stineman, A DeMichele
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Objective: To determine the incidence of and risk factors for dose-limiting chemotherapy induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) in non-metastatic breast cancer. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 488 women with an adjuvant or neoadjuvant treatment plan with docetaxel or paclitaxel from June 1, 2009 to December 31, 2011. Exclusion criteria were: metastatic disease, previous neurotoxic chemotherapy, pre-existing neuropathy, pregnant or within 3 months post-partum, and prosthetic limb. The primary outcome was dose-limiting CIPN, defined as a treatment modification event (dose delay, dose reduction, or treatment discontinuation) attributed to CIPN. The primary risk factor of interest was obesity (BMI≥30). Covariates included race, age, menopausal status, diabetes, and other comorbidities, node status, tumor size, regimen, and oncologist. With 80% power and 0.05 type I error rate, the study could detect a risk ratio of 1.8 in the obese versus non-obese. Results: Fifty (10.2%) women had a treatment modification event attributed to CIPN (TM-CIPN). TM-CIPN incidence differed significantly by agent (docetaxel = 2.4% (N = 5/209), paclitaxel=16.1% (N = 45/279); p &amp;lt; 0.001). In analyses restricted to patients treated with paclitaxel with complete covariate data (N = 273), the odds of TM-CIPN did not differ by obesity, OR = 1.17 (95% CI 0.59–2.35). After adjusting for black race, menopausal status, disease severity, and type II diabetes the TM-CIPN and obesity association was attenuated. The attenuation occurred after adjustment for black race, which was a confounder of the obesity and TM-CIPN relationship, and associated with obesity (OR = 3.78, p = &amp;lt;0.001). Post-menopausal status, disease severity, and type II diabetes were associated with obesity, but were not confounders. Compared to whites, and after controlling for disease severity, menopausal status, and oncologist, blacks and other non-whites had significantly increased odds of CIPN-TM (OR = 2.5, p &amp;lt; 0.02; OR = 4.8, p &amp;lt; 0.01; respectively). Tests of homogeneity indicated the race and TM-CIPN association was not modified by oncologist or disease severity. Conclusion: Obese and non-obese women have a comparable likelihood of having their treatment modified due to CIPN. Women of racial minorities had over 2-to 4-fold increased odds of TM-CIPN compared to white women. Investigations addressing the mechanistic explanations for this association are warranted. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2012;72(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P4-13-01.
A Blueprint for HIV Vaccine Discovery
Authors: Dennis R. Burton, Rafi Ahmed, Dan H. Barouch, Salvatore T. Butera, Shane Crotty, Adam Godzik, Daniel E. Kaufmann, M. Juliana McElrath, Michel C. Nussenzweig, Bali Pulendran, Chris N. Scanlan, William R. Schief, Guido Silvestri, Hendrik Streeck, Bruce D. Walker, Laura M. Walker, Andrew B. Ward, Ian A. Wilson, Richard Wyatt
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2012)
The Relationship of Menstrual Irregularity to Type 2 Diabetes in Pima Indian Women
Authors: Janine Roumain, M Aline Charles, Maximilian P De Courten, Robert L Hanson, Todd D Brodie, David J Pettitt, William C Knowler
Journal: Diabetes Care (1998)

Menstrual irregularity is associated with hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenemia in nondiabetic Pima Indian women of child-bearing age. In this population-based study, we determined the relationship of menstrual irregularity to type 2 diabetes in Pima Indian women.Participants for this cross-sectional analysis were 695 nonpregnant Pima Indian women, aged 18-44 years, involved in an ongoing epidemiologic study of diabetes among residents of the Gila River Indian Community of Arizona. Clinical data were collected by questionnaire and an examination that included a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test; diabetes was diagnosed by World Health Organization criteria. Menstrual irregularity was defined as an interval of 3 months or more between menses, when not pregnant, since age 18 years.History of menstrual irregularity was significantly associated with a high prevalence of diabetes (37 vs. 13%; odds ratio = 4.2, 95% CI = 1.6-10.8) in the least obese women (BMI < 30 kg/m2), adjusted for the effects of age and overall obesity. This association was, in part, because of greater central obesity in women with irregular menses. In more obese women, there was little association with menstrual irregularity, and diabetes was frequent regardless of menstrual history.Prevalence of type 2 diabetes is higher among Pima indian women with a history of menstrual irregularity. The difference is most pronounced among the least obese group of women. This association may be because of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia, which predict type 2 diabetes, also causing hyperandrogenism and menstrual irregularity. The findings reinforce the need to evaluate women with menstrual irregularity for hyperglycemia.
Textbook of General Medicine
Authors: Stanford Wessler
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Encountering the title of this book for the first time, one might be led to exclaim: What, another textbook covering all of medicine! Already available are more comprehensive volumes such asThe Scientific American's compendium updated monthly by computer, through the classic texts of Cecil and Harrison, to concise practical treatises like theMerck Manualor the paperbackManual of Medical Therapeuticsby the Washington University faculty, St Louis. Where, then, does the present volume belong among the proliferating choices of texts providing the essentials of internal medicine?  This soft-cover volume consists of 15 chapters written by 22 subspecialty internists, ten of whom are faculty members at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee. The primary audience is clearly the medical student who wishes to read a general overview of internal medicine either straight through or chapter by chapter, as it relates to his or her clinical experience during a
Advanced-stage nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma compared with classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a matched pair outcome analysis
Authors: Katharine H. Xing, Joseph M. Connors, Anky Lai, Mubarak Al-Mansour, Laurie H. Sehn, Diego Villa, Richard Klasa, Tamara Shenkier, Randy D. Gascoyne, Brian Skinnider, Kerry J. Savage
Journal: Blood (2014)
Effects of Ionizing Radiation on the Reproductive System: Proceedings of an International Symposium Held at Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado
Authors: Luther W. Brady
Journal: JAMA (1964)

In 1962, the Colorado State University and the American Institute of Biological Sciences under the guidance and scientific leadership of Drs. Carlson and Gassner sponsored at Colorado State University an international symposium on the effects of ionizing radiation on the reproductive system. The quality of the papers presented serves to bring into focus the long-unattended problems of radiation effects on the reproductive system, both male and female, and the elusive factors of radiationinduced teratogenesis and cancer. The papers in general deal with sexual consummation, transmission of hereditary materials, and the production of offspring; stem cell integrity involving renewal and maturation; the stamina of germplasm and somatoplasm through time; the combined effects of genetic endowment and senescence in existing populations; and the processes on which reproductive function depends. The evidences presented show that the changes in reproductive function induced by ionizing radiations are no different from those that occur spontaneously or
302. Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase/Ganciclovir Therapy Mediated by Transferrin-Associated Lipoplexes in a Murine Model for Oral Cancer
Authors: Silvia S. Neves, Sergio Simões, Maria C. Pedroso de Lima
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Current treatments of oral cancer are largely unsatisfactory, and the five-year survival rate has not improved over the last two decades. In fact, despite recent advances, the present therapeutic approaches such as surgery, radiation and chemotherapy have significant limitations both in terms of efficacy and ability to prolong survival in patients with advanced cancer disease. Although viral vectors are generally efficient in transducing cells, the drawbacks associated with their use, namely those related with safety problems, have prompted investigators to develop alternative methods for gene delivery. Cationic lipid-based systems (lipoplexes) have been extensively used, both in vitro and in vivo, despite their limited efficiency of delivery and gene expression. Our previous studies have shown that transferrin-associated lipoplexes composed of DOTAP:cholesterol constitute a promising tool for delivering Herpes Simplex Virus thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) gene to the squamous cell carcinoma cells, including human squamous cells (HSC-3) and murine squamous carcinoma cells (SCC VII). High cytotoxicity (95 %) was achieved for both types of cells upon treatment with 100 |[mu]|M ganciclovir (GCV) following transfection with 1 |[mu]|g pCMVtk. In this study, we evaluated the in vivo efficiency of the transferrin-associated lipoplexes to deliver a reporter gene in an orthotopic model of oral cancer established in C3H/HeJ immunocompetent mice (upon injection of 1 |[times]| 105 of SCC VII cells into the floor of the mouth). Our results show that DOTAP:cholesterol/transferrin-complexes, when prepared at 3/2 lipid/DNA (+/-) charge ratio (40 |[mu]|g pCMVlacZ), are able to efficiently transfect the tumor cells in vivo, as assessed by scoring the percentage of cells expressing |[beta]|-galactosidase, using both immunohistochemistry and X-gal staining. In addition, we will investigate the efficacy of this formulation to mediate tumor cell killing and tumor size reduction, upon delivery of the HSV-tk gene followed by GCV treatment. Since our in vitro studies have shown that SCC-VII cells are very sensitive to this therapy and significantly transfected in vivo, a regression of the tumor is expected to be achieved. Our results suggest that DOTAP:cholesterol/transferrin-complexes can be promising for the gene therapy of oral cancer in animal models.
Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
Authors: Sharon Parmet
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Coronary Artery Bypass GraftingC oronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure that uses veins from the leg or arteries from another part of the body to reroute blood around a blockage in the arteries that supply the heart with blood and oxygen (coronary arteries).The April 21, 2004, issue of JAMA includes an article that compares the results of CABG surgery with and without use of a heart-lung bypass pump.The heart-lung bypass pump takes over pumping blood and allows surgeons to stop the heart while they attach the new blood vessels.Without the heart-lung bypass pump, the heart continues to beat throughout the operation.
Sectional Anatomy and Tomography of the Head
Authors: Oscar Sugar
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Improvements in technology permit tomographic radiographs to be taken at 1-mm intervals. Potter has matched four series of these tomograms with radiographs of actual 1mm cuts of the same brains, cut in coronal, lateral, axial, and oblique planes. Tomogram and section are placed on the left page, while a line drawing, with appropriate labels and description, are on the facing page. Additional text at the end of the book describes specific structures (orbit, optic canal, nasal and pterygopalatine fossae, and the temporal bone). The final chapter indicates which tomograms are best suited to solve problems such as those of orbital and paranasal sinus masses and trauma and problems of the ear. Many structures evident in the sections are not recognizable in the tomograms because of "parasite shadows"; ie, superimposed blurred images of structures outside of the plane of focus. So many details<i>are</i>visible, however, that tomography has become indispensable
1364 DIAGNOSING HEPATOTOXICITY ATTRIBUTABLE TO HERBAL &amp; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS (HDS): TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY OF A NOVEL CAUSALITY ASSESSMENT TOOL
Authors: V.J. Navarro, H.X. Barnhart, H.L. Bonkovsky, K.R. Reddy, L. Seeff, J. Serrano, J.A. Talwalkar, M. Vega, R. Vuppalanchi
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
The role of doctors in investigation, prevention and treatment of torture
Authors: Helen Mccoll, Kamaldeep Bhui, Edgar Jones
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2012)

Summary Doctors may assess and treat torture survivors; some may document crucial evidence of torture in medico-legal reports. However, there is a lack of education on torture and related ethical and legal issues at undergraduate and postgraduate level and many doctors are not aware of opportunities to work with organisations for the prevention of torture. This paper defines Torture, describes methods used, and sets out the human rights instruments and codes of ethical practice that mandate efforts to prevent torture. Medical complicity in torture is discussed and the need for national and international medical associations to prevent torture by both supporting doctors and recognising and tackling medial complicity. The paper offers guidance for assessing and documenting torture, and for providing health care for survivors of torture.
Is Aspartame Really Safer in Reducing the Risk of Hypoglycemia During Exercise in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes?
Authors: Annie Ferland, Patrice Brassard, Paul Poirier
Journal: Diabetes Care (2007)

In addition to physical activity and healthy food choices, low-calorie sweetening agents, such as aspartame, are a recommended alternative to sugar for patients with type 2 diabetes in order to obtain a better control of carbohydrate intake and blood glucose levels (1–3). The safety of aspartame has been a controversial issue for quite some time now. This noncarbohydrate sweetener is currently found in over 6,000 food products and beverages throughout the world. At present, its attractiveness as an artificial sweetener in the dietary management of diabetes is related to its ∼200-fold sweetening power and the lack of effect on plasma glucose levels compared with sucrose.

We have recently investigated the effect of different …