tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Hospital on the Cape
Authors: Mark Evan Chimsky
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 1843: Primary and acquired resistance to HERs inhibition in colorectal cancer cells: All HERs go to RAS
Authors: Mariangela Russo, Alessandra Riggio, Carlotta Cancelliere, Federica D. Nicolantonio, Alberto Bardelli
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract The monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and panitumumab are approved for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRC). When used as monotherapy, the anti-EGFR antibodies are effective in approximately 15% of patients. It is now well established that colorectal tumors carrying KRAS and BRAF mutations (40%) are refractory to EGFR targeted therapies (primary resistance). Virtually all-responsive patients eventually become insensitive to anti-EGFR antibodies (secondary resistance) within 3 to 12 months of initiating therapy. Primary and acquired resistance therefore limits the clinical benefit of EGFR blockade in CRC patients. We postulated that concomitant inhibition of multiple members of the HER (ErbB) receptors family might suppress the growth of CRC cells more effectively than selectively targeting only the EGFR with cetuximab or panitumumab. Accordingly, we assessed the pharmacological activity of momelotinib and afatinib- two pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitors- in a collection of 40 CRC cell lines, which recapitulate the genetic profiles commonly detected in CRC patients. We report that primary resistance to pan-HER inhibition is associated with KRAS and BRAF mutations thus suggesting that this patients' population will unlikely benefit from momelotinib and afatinib treatments. Notably, however, pan-HER blockade was effective in a subset of KRAS/BRAF wild type CRC cell lines refractory to cetuximab and panitumumab indicating that a subgroup of patients, which do not benefit from EGFR blockade, may profit from pan-HER inhibition. To define the molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to ErbB inhibitors, three KRAS/BRAF/NRAS wild type CRC cell models were continuously treated with cetuximab, momelotinib and afatinib, until resistant derivatives emerged. Genetic characterization of such derivatives unveiled that, regardless of the drug used, the resistant populations were a mixture of clones carrying distinctive mutations in KRAS or NRAS. Detailed biochemical analyses of the ErbB signalling pathway revealed that resistant variants displayed high levels of MEK and ERK activation, which persisted upon ErbBs inhibition. Collectively, these results identify KRAS, BRAF and NRAS mutations as major drivers of primary and/or acquired resistance to HERs inhibition in colorectal cancer cells and suggest that a molecularly defined subset of CRC patients might benefit from pan-HER blockade. Citation Format: Mariangela Russo, Alessandra Riggio, Carlotta Cancelliere, Federica Di Nicolantonio, Alberto Bardelli. Primary and acquired resistance to HERs inhibition in colorectal cancer cells: All HERs go to RAS. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1843. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1843
Abstract 12409: Patients with Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation and Severe Left Atrial Scarring: Comparison Between Scar “Homogeneization” and Triggers Ablation
Authors: Luigi Di Biase, Prasant Mohanty, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Rong Bai, Pasquale Santangeli, Javier Sanchez, Patrick Hranitzky, G. Joseph Gallinghouse, Amin Al-Ahmad, Jason Zagrodzky, Rodney Horton, Richard Hongo, Steven Hao, Salwa Beheiry, Claude S. Elayi, Dhanujaya R. Lakkireddy, Madhu Reddy, Juan Viles-Gonzalez, J. David Burkhardt, Andrea Natale
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction:  Left atrial (LA) scarring and fibrosis are independent predictor of ablation failure in patients with atrial fibrillation. The aim of this study was to compare the outcome in patients with paroxysmal AF and severe LA scarring/fibrosis identified by 3D mapping undergoing ablation of the PVs and the entire scar areas (scar homogemeization) vs the ablation of the PVs plus the non PV triggers.   Methods:  132 consecutive patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation have been enrolled in this study. In all patients severe ( 60%) LA scarring was diagnosed by 3D voltage mapping. Based on operator choice, patients underwent ablation of the pulmonary vein antrum extended to the entire scar areas [scar homogeneization (n=66 group 1)] or ablation of the pulmonary vein antrum plus the ablation of extra PV triggers identified by high dose of isoproterenol ( n=66 group 2). Patients were followed up for at least one year with Holter monitoring and event recorders.   Results:  Baseline characteristics showed no significant statistical difference between groups. After a single procedure, freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia off AADs at 24 ± 5 months follow up was 23% (15 pts) in group 1, and 68% (45 pts) in group 2. Kaplan-Meier log-rank test indicated that the cumulative probability of AF-free survival was significantly higher in group 2 (log-rank p    Conclusions:  These results suggest that in patients with paroxysmal AF and severe LA scarring PVAI and scar “homogenization” does not improve freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia at follow-up. In contrast non PV triggers ablation in addition to PV antrum isolation is associated with better clinical outcomes.
Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) in patients with psoriasis with or without inflammatory joint manifestations
Authors: G Alenius, E Bergin, Solbritt Rantapää Dahlqvist
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

Antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) in patients with psoriasis with or without inflammatory joint manifestations
Development and validation of the Dermatomyositis Skin Severity Index
Authors: C.L. Carroll, W. Lang, B. Snively, S.R. Feldman, J. Callen, J.L. Jorizzo
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Development and validation of the Dermatomyositis Skin Severity Index Get access C.L. Carroll, C.L. Carroll Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Lang, W. Lang Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem, NC 27157‐1071, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar B. Snively, B. Snively Center for Dermatology Research, Department of DermatologyPublic Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem, NC 27157‐1071, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.R. Feldman, S.R. Feldman Center for Dermatology Research, Department of DermatologyPublic Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston‐Salem, NC 27157‐1071, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. Callen, J. Callen Division of Dermatology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, U.S.A. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J.L. Jorizzo J.L. Jorizzo Center for Dermatology Research, Department of Dermatology Correspondence: Joseph L. Jorizzo. E‐mail: jjorizzo@wfubmc.edu Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 158, Issue 2, 1 February 2008, Pages 345–350, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08342.x Published: 01 February 2008
The History and Evolution of Surgical Instruments
Authors: S. C. Harvey
Journal: JAMA (1942)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Medical oaths and declarations
Authors: K. Sritharan, G. Russell, Z. Fritz, D. Wong, M. Rollin, J. Dunning, P. Morgan, C. Sheehan
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The newly qualified doctors of Imperial College School of Medicine recently adopted a ceremony in which they declare their commitment to assume the responsibilities and obligations of the medical profession. The decision to create a declaration ceremony was widely supported by the final year students and it reflects a recent resurgence in interest in medical oaths in the United Kingdom. 1 2

Some 98% of American 1 3 and nearly 50% of British medical students 1 4 swear some kind of oath, either on entry to medical school5 or at graduation.4 One reason why oaths are more common in America may be that American children are brought up to swear their allegiance to the flag, so the concept of affirming their beliefs is less alien than to British students.

Oaths are neither a universal endeavour 3 4 nor a legal obligation, and they cannot guarantee morality. So why should doctors take an oath at all? In 1992 a BMA working party found that affirmation may strengthen a doctor's resolve to behave with integrity in extreme circumstances. This group recommended that …
THE RELATION OF UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS TO RHEUMATIC FEVER IN CHILDREN
Authors: May G. Wilson, George W. Wheeler, Marguerite M. Leask
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1935)

In the preceding article (1) evidence was presented which would not support the conception of a specific etiological relationship between respira- tory infections and rheumatic fever in children.The designation, " streptococcal " respiratory in- fection, based solely on bacteriological findings, was questioned.During these observations as to the relation be- tween respiratory infections and rheumatic fever, an opportunity presented itself for obtaining in- formation as to the immunological response of children experiencing respiratory infection and rheumatic recurrences.The serological method described by Todd (2) in 1932 for titrating anti- streptolysin in the blood serum, by which a diagnosis of preceding hemolytic streptococcal infec- tion may be made, was utilized.From limited observations of normal individ- uals, mainly adults and others suffering from miscellaneous and streptococcal infections, Todd (3) and Coburn and Pauli (4) considered the normal range of antistreptolysin in serum to be from 5 to 100 units, and values of 200 or more as significant of preceding streptococcal infections.They also observed the antistreptolysin content to be consistently high during rheumatic fever and considered this as immunological evidence that the hemolytic streptococcus initiates the rheumatic process.Myers and Keefer (5), however, obtained an average in normals of 200 units, with a somewhat higher average, 500 units, in rheumatic fever, but they did not attribute etiological significance to this finding.Wilson, Wheeler and Leask (6), in a preliminary report on the antistreptolysin content of the
Drug points: Hypersensitivity reaction to balsalazide
Authors: V Adhiyaman
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Balsalazide is used in short term and maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis. It is a prodrug in which 5-aminosalicylic acid is linked via a diazo bond to 4-aminobenzoyl-β-alanine, an inert and biologically inactive carrier molecule. We report a case of a hypersensitivity reaction to balsalazide, involving pericarditis, an abnormal liver biochemistry profile, and splinter haemorrhages.

A 59 year old woman developed indeterminate patchy pancolitis. She was unable to take mesalazine or olsalazine but had no adverse effects with sulfasalazine 1 g twice daily, which she took as maintenance treatment. Eight months later her symptoms had resolved and she had normal results for inflammatory markers. On request sulfasalazine …
Abstract P381: Overlap of Echocardiographic Diastolic Dysfunction Definitions in the Cardia Study
Authors: Laura Rasmussen-Torvik, Laura Colangelo, Joao Lima, David Jacobs, Carlos Rodriguez, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Sanjiv Shah
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background:  Existing echocardiographic criteria for diastolic dysfunction differ widely. We examined overlap in definitions proposed by the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE), Rochester County Epidemiology Project (Redfield), and the VALIDD trial of diastolic dysfunction among middle-aged individuals undergoing echocardiographic examination in CARDIA.   Methods:  3474 CARDIA participants had echocardiographic data at Y25. At each center, trained echo techs obtained images by a standardized protocol and scans were read centrally. Standard 2D and M-mode assessments were obtained. Published binary definitions of diastolic dysfunction were applied; pulmonary venous flow and mitral inflow at peak Valsalva maneuver measures were not available in CARDIA, so the (modified) Redfield definition of diastolic dysfunction was based on two of the four variables included in the definition.   Results:  The mean age in the sample was 50.2 years, mean BMI was 30.2 kg/m2, 46.7% of the sample was African American and 53.3% was white. The prevalence of diastolic dysfunction according to different definitions was as follows: 1.6 % according to the ASE definition, 24.3% according to the VALIDD definition, and 22.4% according to the Redfield definition. Using the ASE definition, 38.9% of individuals were unclassifiable for diastolic dysfunction and using the Redfield 38.2% were unclassifiable. Overlap of the diastolic dysfunction case definitions is presented in the Figure. 51 of the 53 cases of diastolic dysfunction identified by the ASE criteria were also identified by the VALIDD criteria. Less than 50% of the cases identified by the Redfield or VALIDD criteria were classified similarly by both definitions. Although over 1317 people were unclassifiable by the ASE definition and 1326 were unclassifiable by the Redfield definition, only 348 were unclassifiable by both definitions.  Discussion: Existing definitions for diastolic dysfunction have little overlap, both for case definition and for those that are undefined.
Abstract 18672: Comparison of High Speed CZT SPECT MPI to Coronary Angiography
Authors: William L Duvall, Joseph Sweeny, Lori Croft, Maya Barghash, Krista Guma, Milena Henzlova
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Recently introduced CZT (Cadmium Zinc Telluride) SPECT cameras have the potential to lower radiation exposure to patients and speed test time, however there has been no published correl...
COPC Depression and Anxiety Intervention Guide, by Richard Freeman, Stephen Gillam, Chris Shearin, Diane Plamping
Authors: T. Kendrick
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Richard Freeman, Stephen Gillam, Chris Shearin, Diane Plamping: King's Fund, £11.95, pp 87 ISBN 1 85717 124 1

About 20 years ago it was established that general practitioners fail to recognise or acknowledge treatable anxiety and depression in many patients presenting to them—a discomfiting but inescapable fact. Since then we have been repeatedly exhorted to adopt a proactive approach to identifying and managing such problems.

COPC stands for community oriented primary care, and this is one of a series of King's Fund publications that aim to encourage primary care teams to …
Results of an outpatient‐based stem cell allotransplant program using nonmyeloablative conditioning regimens
Authors: Guillermo J. Ruiz‐Argüelles, David Gómez‐Almaguer, Alejandro Ruiz‐Argüelles, Oscar González‐Llano, Olga G. Cantú, José C. Jaime‐Pérez
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2001)

Using nonmyeloablative, immunosuppressive, fludarabine (FLU)-based conditioning regimens, we have performed allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplants in 26 patients (8 with chronic myelogenous leukemia, 6 with acute myelogenous leukemia, 10 with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 1 with myelodysplasia, and 1 with thalassemia major). Conditioning consisted of FLU/busulphan/cyclophosphamide/cyclosporin-A (CyA)/methotrexate, or FLU/melphalan/CyA/methotrexate. The median granulocyte recovery time to 0.5 x 10(9)/l was 11 days, whereas the median platelet recovery time to 20 x 10(9)/l was 12 days. Twelve patients did not need red blood cell transfusions, and 8 did not need platelet transfusions. In 21 individuals (81%), the procedure could be completed fully on an outpatient basis. Follow-up times range between 30 and 600 days: one patient failed to engraft and recovered endogenous hemopoiesis; six out of 26 patients developed acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) whereas 7/22 developed chronic GVHD. Twelve patients (46%) have died, nine of them with a relapsing disease and three with GVHD; median post-transplant survival (SV) was 300 days, whereas the 12-month SV was 42%. The 100-day mortality was 3.8% and the transplant-related mortality was 11.5%. This procedure is substantially less costly than its counterpart, using in-hospital myeloablative conditioning regimens, and it may represent another approach in the management of patients requiring an allogeneic stem cell transplant.
Abstract 3653: Nanoparticle-delivered T7-synthesized siRNA enhances cell killing in HER-2 (+) breast cancer
Authors: Felix Alonso-Valenteen, Lali K. Medina-Kauwe
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract We have previously developed the recombinant fusion protein, HerPBK10, for ligand-directed targeting and penetration of HER2+ breast cancer. HerPBK10 contains a ten lysine (K10) carboxy [C] -terminal tail that allows it to non-covalently bind anionic payloads, such as nucleic acids, by electrophilic interaction. In this study, a modified siRNA capable of both gene silencing and immunostimulation is the payload. Here, we test the hypothesis that ligand-directed, protein-based nanoparticles delivering siRNA launch a three-pronged attack on tumors by combining missile-like targeting (known as “transductional targeting”) with siRNA-mediated gene silencing, and cytokine-mediated cell death. The latter effect will be accomplished by taking advantage of the normally undesirable cytokine-mediated cytotoxicity induced by epigenetic modifications on certain forms of siRNA, and delivering this to tumors. Here we will deliver siRNA produced by T7 phage polymerase transcription, which introduces a 5′ triphosphate cap that triggers cytokine-mediated toxicity within host cells. So far, in vitro data has shown that this approach is more effective in reducing cell proliferation than synthetic siRNA against the same gene. Furthermore, in vivo xenograft data shows that this strategy can control and ablate the growth of HER2+ tumors. Future directions include IHC investigation of resected tumors and testing this hypothesis in an immunocompetent in vivo setting where we envision this immune-sensitive strategy having even greater efficacy. Citation Format: Felix Alonso-Valenteen, Medina-Kauwe. Nanoparticle-delivered T7-synthesized siRNA enhances cell killing in HER-2 (+) breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3653. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3653
Blinded vs. unblinded peer review of manuscripts submitted to a dermatology journal: a randomized multi-rater study
Authors: M. Alam, N.A. Kim, J. Havey, A. Rademaker, D. Ratner, B. Tregre, D.P. West, W.P. Coleman III
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Submissions to medical and scientific journals are vetted by peer review, but peer review itself has been poorly studied until recently. One concern has been that manuscript reviews in which the reviewer is unblinded (e.g. knows author identity) may be biased, with an increased likelihood that the evaluation will not be strictly on scientific merits.The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of blinded and unblinded reviews of manuscripts submitted to a single dermatology journal via a randomized multi-rater study.Forty manuscripts submitted to the journal Dermatologic Surgery were assessed by four reviewers, two of whom were randomly selected to be blinded and two unblinded regarding the identities of the manuscripts' authors. The primary outcome measure was the initial score assigned to each manuscript by each reviewer characterized on an ordinal scale of 1-3, with 1 = accept; 2 = revise (i.e. minor or major revisions) and 3 = reject. Subgroup analysis compared the primary outcome measure across manuscripts from U.S. corresponding authors and foreign corresponding authors. The secondary outcome measure was word count of the narrative portion (i.e. comments to editor and comments to authors) of the reviewer forms.There was no significant difference between the scores given to manuscripts by unblinded reviewers and blinded reviewers, both for manuscripts from the U.S. and for foreign submissions. There was also no difference in word count between unblinded and blinded reviews.It seems, at least in the case of one dermatology journal, that blinding during peer review does not appear to affect the disposition of the manuscript. To the extent that review word count is a proxy for review quality, there appears to be no quality difference associated with blinding.
Genetic linkage of childhood atopic dermatitis to psoriasis susceptibility loci
Authors: William O.C.M. Cookson, Baljinder Ubhi, Robert Lawrence, Gonçalo R. Abecasis, Andrew J. Walley, Helen E. Cox, Rosemary Coleman, Nicholas I. Leaves, Richard C. Trembath, Miriam F. Moffatt, John I. Harper
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)