tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Full-dose reirradiation for unresectable head and neck carcinoma: experience at the Gustave-Roussy Institute in a series of 169 patients.
Authors: R De Crevoisier, J Bourhis, C Domenge, P Wibault, S Koscielny, A Lusinchi, G Mamelle, F Janot, M Julieron, A M Leridant, P Marandas, J P Armand, G Schwaab, B Luboinski, F Eschwege
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE To review our experience using full-dose external reirradiation given with a curative intent for patients with unresectable head and neck carcinoma (HNC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 1980 and December 1996, 169 patients who presented with unresectable nonmetastatic HNC in a previously irradiated area were included in this series. The median time between the first and the second irradiation was 33 months. Reirradiation protocols were as follows: radiotherapy alone (65 Gy over 6.5 weeks at 2 Gy/d), 27 patients; Vokes protocol, ie, five to six cycles of radiotherapy (median total dose, 60 Gy; 2 Gy/d) with simultaneous fluorouracil (5-FU) and hydroxyurea, 106 patients; and bifractionated radiotherapy (median total dose, 60 Gy; 2 x 1.5 Gy/d) with concomitant mitomycin, 5-FU, and cisplatin, 36 patients. The median cumulative dose of the two irradiations was 120 Gy. Eighty-five percent of the tumors were squamous cell carcinoma, 14% undifferentiated carcinoma of nasopharyngeal type, and 1% adenocarcinoma. Forty-four percent were local recurrences, 23% nodal recurrences, 14% both local and nodal, and 19% second primary tumors. RESULTS Mucositis grade 3 (World Health Organization [WHO]) was found in 32% and grade 4 in 14% of cases. Four patients presented with neutropenia or thrombocytopenia (grade 3 or 4 WHO). Late toxicities (&gt; 6 months) were as follows: cervical fibrosis (grade 2 to 3 Radiation Therapy Oncology Group [RTOG]), 41%; mucosal necrosis, 21%; osteoradionecrosis, 8%; and trismus, 30%. Five patients died of carotid hemorrhage, apparently in complete remission. Six months after the onset of reirradiation, 37% of patients were in complete response. Patterns of failure were local only (53%), nodal only (20%), metastatic only (7%), and multiple (20%). Median follow-up time was 70 months. Overall survival rate (Kaplan-Meier) was 21% (95% confidence interval [CI], 15% to 29%) at 2 years and 9% (95% CI, 5% to 16%) at 5 years. Median survival time was 10 months for the entire population. Thirteen patients, of whom 12 were treated with the Vokes protocol, were long-term disease-free survivors. In a multivariate analysis, the volume of the second irradiation was the only factor significantly associated with the risk of death: relative risk=1.8 (95% CI, 1.13 to 5.7) (P=.01). CONCLUSION Full-dose reirradiation combined with chemotherapy was feasible in patients with inoperable HNC. The incidence and severity of late toxicity was markedly increased in comparison to that observed after the first irradiation. Median survival was better than that generally obtained using palliative chemotherapy alone. A small proportion of patients were long-term disease-free survivors.
High-dose chemotherapy as salvage treatment in germ cell tumors: a multivariate analysis of prognostic variables.
Authors: J Beyer, A Kramar, R Mandanas, W Linkesch, A Greinix, J P Droz, J L Pico, A Diehl, C Bokemeyer, H J Schmoll, C R Nichols, L H Einhorn, W Siegert
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

PURPOSE To identify prognostic variables for response and survival in male patients with relapsed or refractory germ cell tumors treated with high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and hematopoietic progenitor cell support. PATIENTS AND METHODS Three hundred ten patients treated with HDCT at four centers in the United States and Europe were retrospectively evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analysis of patient, disease, and treatment characteristics were used for comparisons of response rates and failure-free survival (FFS). RESULTS The actuarial FFS rate was 32% at 1, 30% at 2, and 29% at 3 years. Multivariate analysis identified progressive disease before HDCT, mediastinal nonseminomatous primary tumor, refractory or absolute refractory disease to conventional-dose cisplatin, and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) levels greater than 1,000 U/L before HDCT as independent adverse prognostic variables for FFS after HDCT. These variables were used to identify patients with good, intermediate, and poor prognoses. In the good-risk category, the predicted FFS rate at 2 years was 51%, compared with 27% and 5% in the intermediate-risk and poor-risk categories (P &lt; .001). The increased risk for treatment failure was due to both a significantly lower rate of favorable responses and a significantly higher rate of relapses. Within the prognostic categories, the particular HDCT regimen or higher dosages of carboplatin or etoposide did not have a significant influence on treatment outcome. CONCLUSION Prognostic variables for treatment response after HDCT can be identified. The proposed prognostic model might help to optimize the use of HDCT in germ cell tumors and warrants validation in future trials.
Quality of care of adult asthma patients in primary health care facilities in Saint-Petersburg, Russia: Trends between 1998 and 2011
Authors: Alexander Emelyanov, Gleb Fedoseev, Inessa Tsukanova, Galina Sergeeva, Natalia Lisitsyna, Lubov Bakanina, Ekaterina Nikitina
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background. This study was performed to assess the changes in diagnosis and treatment of asthma (1998-2011) in primary health care facilities in Saint-Petersburg, the second largest city in Russia.

Methods. Case record forms (CRF) of 1248 outpatients 18 to 89 years old with asthma were reviewed in 13 outpatient departments in 7 residential areas in Saint Petersburg in 1998, 2002 and 2005 (253, 579 and 416 respectively) and telephone interviews with 205 asthma outpatients (aged 24 to 90 yrs) was conducted in 2011. Asthma control was assessed by using the Asthma Control Test™ (ACT) in 2011.

Results. During the past 12 month spirometry were performed in 81.3% of patients in 2002 and only 62.1%, 50.7% and 26.8% in 1998, 2005 and 2011 respectively (p<0.01). Inhaled corticosteroids were more often prescribed to persistent asthma patients in 2005 (87.8% vs 79.1%, 63.4%, and 46% in 2011, 2002 and 1998, p<0.01), whereas oral steroids for maintenance therapy were more frequently used in 1998 and 2002 (32% and 28% vs 14.9% and 7.3% in 2005 and 2011, p<0.001). Fixed combination of budesonide/formoterol and fluticasone/salmeterol were not used in 1998 while their prescriptions were increased from 0.9% in 2002 to 34.9% and 45.4% in 2005 and 2011(p<0.001). Asthma was uncontrolled for 72.2% of patients in 2011.

Conclusion. Quality of diagnostics and treatment of asthma in primary health care is not sufficient and should be improved. Asthma pharmacotherapy has been changed in the past 13 years according to evidence-based guidelines.
Targeted intra-operative radiotherapy (Targit): An innovative method of treatment for early breast cancer
Authors: J.S. Vaidya, M. Baum, J.S. Tobias, D.P. D’Souza, S.V. Naidu, S. Morgan, M. Metaxas, K.J. Harte, A.P. Sliski, E. Thomson
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2001)
Is multidrug-resistant TB more common in children? An analysis of surveillance data
Authors: Matteo Zignol, Charalambos Sismanidis, Dennis Falzon, Philippe Glaziou
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by strains resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin (multidrug-resistant TB; MDR-TB) can affect persons of any age. Little is known about the global epidemiology of childhood MDR-TB.

We analysed representative drug-resistance surveillance data reported by countries to the World Health Organization to test the association between MDR-TB and age-group (<15 years vs 15+), using odds ratios derived by logistic regression with random effects to account for within-country dependencies.

Of 74 countries with data from surveys or continuous surveillance systems with a high coverage of testing, 29 reported at least one paediatric MDR-TB case. Disaggregated data by age and drug-susceptibility testing for 292,587 TB cases notified in 2000-2009 were used. ORs for MDR-TB in children varied widely between countries from 0.20(95%CI0.06-0.63) to 3.44(1.13-10.50). In India, Lithuania, and Rep. of Moldova, MDR-TB was negatively associated with age<15y while, in Namibia, South Africa, and United Kingdom, it was positively associated with age<15y. In all other countries, the association was not statistically significant.

Despite the limited availability of data and the possible bias from selective diagnostic testing, results indicate that MDR-TB in children is no less frequent than in adults in many settings. Of particular concern is the link between children and MDR-TB in southern African countries with high HIV prevalence.

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Phase I and Pharmacokinetic Study of the Oral Fluoropyrimidine Capecitabine in Combination With Paclitaxel in Patients With Advanced Solid Malignancies
Authors: Miguel A. Villalona-Calero, Geoffrey R. Weiss, Howard A. Burris, Maura Kraynak, Gladys Rodrigues, Ronald L. Drengler, S. Gail Eckhardt, Bruno Reigner, Judy Moczygemba, Hans Ulrich Burger, Tom Griffin, Daniel D. Von Hoff, Eric K. Rowinsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1999)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the feasibility of administering the oral fluoropyrimidine capecitabine in combination with paclitaxel, to characterize the principal toxicities of the combination, to recommend doses for subsequent disease-directed studies, and to determine whether significant pharmacokinetic interactions occur between these agents when combined. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Sixty-six courses of capecitabine and paclitaxel were administered to 17 patients in a two-stage dose-escalation study. Paclitaxel was administered as a 3-hour intravenous (IV) infusion every 3 weeks, and capecitabine was administered continuously as two divided daily doses. During stage I, capecitabine was escalated to a target dose of 1,657 mg/m 2 /d, whereas the paclitaxel dose was fixed at 135 mg/m 2 . In stage II, paclitaxel was increased to a target dose of 175 mg/m 2 , and the capecitabine dose was the maximum established in stage I. Pharmacokinetics were characterized for each drug when given alone and concurrently. RESULTS: Myelosuppression, predominately neutropenia, was the principal dose-limiting toxicity (DLT). Othertoxicities included hand-foot syndrome, diarrhea, hyperbilirubinemia, skin rash, myalgia, and arthralgia. Two patients treated with capecitabine 1,657 mg/m 2 /d and paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2 developed DLTs, whereas none of six patients treated with capecitabine 1,331 mg/m 2 /d and paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2 developed DLTs during course 1. Pharmacokinetic studies indicated that capecitabine and paclitaxel did not affect the pharmacokinetic behavior of each other. No major antitumor responses were noted. CONCLUSION: Recommended combination doses of continuous capecitabine and paclitaxel are capecitabine 1,331 mg/m 2 /d and paclitaxel 175 mg/m 2 /d IV every 3 weeks. Favorable preclinical mechanistic interactions between capecitabine and paclitaxel, as well as an acceptable toxicity profile without clinically relevant pharmacokinetic interactions, support the performance of disease-directed evaluations of this combination.
Differential Effects of Aripiprazole on D<sub>2</sub>, 5-HT<sub>2</sub>, and 5-HT<sub>1A</sub>Receptor Occupancy in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Triple Tracer PET Study
Authors: David Mamo, Ariel Graff, Romina Mizrahi, C. M. Shammi, Françoise Romeyer, Shitij Kapur
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2007)

Objective: Aripiprazole has a unique pharmacological profile that includes partial agonism at D 2 receptors, antagonism at 5-HT 2 receptors, and partial agonism at 5-HT 1A receptors. The authors conducted a positron emission tomography (PET) study to characterize the simultaneous effects of aripiprazole at the D 2 , 5-HT 2 , and 5-HT 1A receptors in patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Method: Twelve patients who had previously received antipsychotic treatment were randomly assigned to receive 10 mg, 15 mg, 20 mg, or 30 mg of aripiprazole. After at least 14 days of treatment, participants underwent high-resolution PET scans using [ 11 C]raclopride, [ 18 F]setoperone, and [ 11 C]WAY100635. Results: Very high occupancy was observed at striatal D 2 receptors (average putamen, 87%; caudate, 93%; and ventral striatum, 91%), lower occupancy at 5-HT 2 receptors (54%–60%), and even lower occupancy at 5-HT 1A receptors (16%). D 2 occupancy levels were significantly correlated with plasma drug concentrations, and even the lowest dose (10 mg) led to 85% D 2 occupancy. Extrapyramidal side effects were seen only in two of the four participants with occupancies exceeding 90%. Conclusions: Aripiprazole exhibits a unique occupancy profile as compared with other conventional and atypical antipsychotics. The threshold for response appears to be higher than 60%, extrapyramidal side effects appear to be uncommon even at occupancies that exceed the conventional extrapyramidal side effects threshold of 80%, and 5-HT 2 occupancy is lower than D 2 occupancy. Implications for aripiprazole’s mechanism of action are discussed.
Thoracoscopy: present diagnostic and therapeutic indications
Authors: R Loddenkemper, C Boutin
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1993)

Thoracoscopy is increasingly being used for diagnosis and treatment of pleuropulmonary disease. The recent revival was made possible by the tremendous advances in endoscopic technology. The main requirements for diagnostic purposes are rigid telescopes and forceps, and for interventional thoracoscopy scissors, staplers and a video recorder. The procedure can be performed either under local or general anaesthesia, with or without double lumen intubation, after inducing an artificial pneumothorax. At the end of the procedure, a chest tube should always be inserted, even if only for a few minutes until the lung re-expands. Main diagnostic indications are pleural effusions, pneumothorax and diffuse lung disease. Main therapeutic indications are pleurodesis by talcage in effusion and pneumothorax and a variety of diseases of the lung, the pleura and the mediastinum, where thoracotomy may be replaced by video-assisted thoracoscopy. The well-known indications of the past remain a domain of pneumologists, whereas minimal invasive thoracotomy is the task of thoracic surgeons. For some indications no sharp line has to be drawn, provided the facilities and skills are present, including those for the management of complications.
Differential Tumor Immunogenicity of DBA/2 Mouse Lymphoma L1210 and Its Sublines. II. Increased Expression of Tumor-Associated Antigens on Subline Cells Recognized by Serologic and Transplantation Methods&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Hiroshi Fuji, Enrico Mihich, David Pressman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Journal Article Differential Tumor Immunogenicity of DBA/2 Mouse Lymphoma L1210 and Its Sublines. II. Increased Expression of Tumor-Associated Antigens on Subline Cells Recognized by Serologic and Transplantation Methods Get access Hiroshi Fuji, Hiroshi Fuji 3Department of Immunology Research, Roswell Park Memorial Institute (a unit of the New York State Department of Health), 666 Elm St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14263. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Enrico Mihich, Enrico Mihich 4Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Roswell Park Memorial Institute. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar David Pressman David Pressman 3Department of Immunology Research, Roswell Park Memorial Institute (a unit of the New York State Department of Health), 666 Elm St., Buffalo, N.Y. 14263. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 62, Issue 6, June 1979, Pages 1503–1510, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/62.6.1503 Published: 01 June 1979 Article history Received: 12 July 1978 Accepted: 27 November 1978 Published: 01 June 1979
Response of Spontaneous Mammary Carcinoma of the C3H Mouse to X Irradiation Given Under Conditions of Local Tissue Anoxia&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Herman D. Suit, Robert J. Shalek
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1963)

The responses of 215 spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas in adult female C3H mice to single doses of 250 kv X irradiation, given under conditions of local tissue anoxia, have been evaluated. All 43 animals in the control group showed progressive tumor growth that caused the death of all mice within 125 days after they were assigned to this group. Of particular interest were 138 animals whose tumors at the time of irradiation had a median volume of 300 mm3 and ranged from 100 to 600 mm3. A logit analysis, made from the number of animals surviving without recurrence after doses of 3300 to 9400 rads, determined the tumor control dose (TCD50) for half the tumors for each 10-day interval from the 40th to 170th day after treatment. The TCD50 values approached 6200 rads asymptotically at 140 to 170 days. Calculations given are on the basis of 6200 rads, as a single radiation dose to anoxic spontaneous mammary carcinomas of 300 mm3 (≈3.75 × 108 viable cells), yielding a survival fraction corresponding to 1 or more cells in half the tumors treated. From these considerations, the D37 (37% survival dose) for a single anoxic mammary cancer cell was estimated as ≥300 rads, assuming N = 2.
Mitochondrial DNA in Tumor Initiation, Progression, and Metastasis: Role of Horizontal mtDNA Transfer
Authors: Michael V. Berridge, Lanfeng Dong, Jiri Neuzil
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), encoding 13 out of more than 1,000 proteins of the mitochondrial proteome, is of paramount importance for the bioenergetic machinery of oxidative phosphorylation that is required for tumor initiation, propagation, and metastasis. In stark contrast to the widely held view that mitochondria and mtDNA are retained and propagated within somatic cells of higher organisms, recent in vitro and in vivo evidence demonstrates that mitochondria move between mammalian cells. This is particularly evident in cancer where defective mitochondrial respiration can be restored and tumor-forming ability regained by mitochondrial acquisition. This paradigm shift in cancer cell biology and mitochondrial genetics, concerning mitochondrial movement between cells to meet bioenergetic needs, not only adds another layer of plasticity to the armory of cancer cells to correct damaged mitochondria, but also points to potentially new therapeutic approaches.
Abstract 15817: Impact of Contact Force Visualization on Tissue to Catheter Contact Force During Pulmonary Vein Isolation
Authors: Hisaki Makimoto, Tina Lin, Andreas Rillig, Andreas Metzner, Erik Wissner, Shibu Mathew, Sebastian Deiss, Peter Rausch, Masashi Kamioka, Alexander Bardyszewski, Christine Lemes, Karl-Heinz Kuck, Feifan Ouyang, Roland R Tilz
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of contact force visualization on the tissue to myocardial contact force (CF) during pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) procedures Methods: In 80 patients with atrial fibrillation, CF was assessed during circumferential PVI using a commercially available CF catheter in combination with a 3D electroanatomic mapping system. Operators were blinded to CF during the procedure in Group-A (35 pts) and CF was displayed to the operators in Group-B (45 pts). The catheter was maintained in a stable position for at least 30 seconds during ablation. Optimal CF was defined as mean CF of 10-40g which was also the target range for Group-B. Data from the first 30 seconds of each radiofrequency application were analyzed according to 6 predefined segments for the ipsilateral PVs (Figure ). Results: PVI was successfully achieved in all patients. A total of 2436 applications were analyzed. Although overall mean CF was similar in both groups (18.2g vs. 19.0g, p=0.40), th...
KI67 in breast cancer: Correlation between proliferation cellular and other prognostic factors
Authors: R. Gerson, L. Alban, A. Martínez, A. Villalobos, A. Serrano
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22184 Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common tumor in Mexican women between 35 to 50 years old. KI67 is a nuclear antigen considered as a proliferation marker with potential prognostic significance in BC survival. Objective: To determine the correlation between KI67 and prognostic factors in BC patients (pts). Methods: Of 340 consecutive BC pts seen from January 2000 to September 2008, pts with invasive BC that have a complete IHC assay determination were analyzed (estrogen receptor [ER], progesterone receptor [PR], HER2, p53, KI67). KI67 was determined by monoclonal antibody MIB-1. Patients ´s clinical characteristics and tumor immunohistochemical factors were registered. Patients were divided into 4 groups according to KI67 levels: 1) KI67 &lt; 5%, 2) 6 to 20%, 3) 21 to 50% and 4) &gt; 51%. Descriptive statistical methods and X2, ANOVA tests were used. Results: 154 pts analyzed, mean age 53.5 ± 12 yrs, range 28 -83, median KI67: 25, (0 - 95%). Group 1: 22 pts (14.3%), Group 2: 52 (33.8%); group 3: 49 (31.8%), group 4: 31 pts (20.1%). Median KI67 by group: 5, 15, 30 70%. Among pts with KI67 &gt; 51% we observed: higher proportion of advanced stages (III-IV) [27.3%, 7.7%, 25.6%, 38.7% (p= 0.027)], positive lymph nodes (59%, 25%, 42.8% 70.9%, [p=0.003]), ER negative (27.3%, 5.8%, 28.4%, 51.7% [p= 0.000]), PR negative (36.4%, 26.9%, 22.5%, 61.3%; [p= 0.003]); P53 +ve (9.1%, 71.1%, 73.4%, 77.4%; [p= 0.028]), angiogenesis [&gt; 15 vessels × field] (31.8%, 21.1%, 24.5%, 54.5%; [p=0.006])), triple negative phenotype (4.5%; 3.8%, 10.2%, 41.9%; [p=0.000]). We do not observe correlation among KI67 status age, tumor size and HER2 (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: High cellular proliferation through KI 67 (&gt; 51%) was related to poor prognostic factors in BC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.