tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract MP86: Depressive Symptoms are Associated with Mental Stress-Induced Myocardial Ischemia After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Jingkai Wei, Pratik Pimple, Amit J Shah, Cherie Rooks, Douglas Bremner, Jonathon A Nye, Ijeoma Ibeanu, Nancy Murrah, Lucy Shallenberger, Paolo Raggi, Viola Vaccarino
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objectives: Previous studies indicated that depressed mood may act as a trigger of acute coronary syndromes, although the mechanisms are not clear. We aimed to examine the association between depression and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia in young survivors of a myocardial infarction (MI), and the possible differential association of somatic and cognitive depressive symptom dimensions. Hypothesis: Higher levels of depressive symptoms are associated with a higher propensity to develop myocardial ischemia with mental stress. Methods: We studied 98 patients (49 women and 49 men) age 38-59 years who were hospitalized for acute MI in the previous 6 months. Patients underwent myocardial perfusion imaging with [99mTc]sestamibi single-proton emission computed tomography at rest, after mental stress (speech task), and after exercise treadmill stress. If unable to exercise (N=16), patients underwent pharmacological stress test with regadenoson. Myocardial perfusion defect scores were obtained with observer-independent software. A summed difference score, the difference between stress and rest perfusion defect scores, was used to quantify myocardial perfusion defects due to ischemia under both stress conditions. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to measure depressive symptoms. Two separate scores of somatic and cognitive depressive symptoms were calculated. Multivariate linear regression models were used in the analysis. Results: There was a significant and graded positive association between depressive symptoms and summed difference score with mental stress. After adjustment for demographical and lifestyle factors, severity of coronary heart disease and medications, each incremental depressive symptom was associated with 0.14 higher ischemia perfusion defect score [β=0.14, 95% CI: (0.03, 0.24), p=0.01]. When somatic and cognitive depressive symptoms were examined separately, both somatic symptoms [β=0.17, 95% CI: (0.04, 0.30), p=0.01] and cognitive symptoms [β=0.31, 95% CI: (0.07, 0.56), p=0.01] showed a significant association with mental stress-induced ischemia. Depressive symptoms were not associated with ischemia induced by exercise or pharmacological stress. Conclusion: Among young post-MI patients, higher levels of both cognitive and somatic depressive symptoms are associated with a higher propensity to develop myocardial ischemia with mental stress, but not with exercise/pharmacological stress. Future studies should explore whether mental stress-induced ischemia explains the poorer prognosis associated with depressive symptoms in post-MI patients.
Potential Adverse Effects of Anesthesia in Children—Reply
Authors: Bruce M. Psaty, Richard Platt, Russ B. Altman
Journal: JAMA (2015)

In Reply Dr Ward and colleagues note concerns about the potential adverse effects of anesthesia in adults. We are aware of the postoperative cognitive dysfunction syndrome in adults, but not of compelling evidence that the syndrome is primarily a drug safety issue for multiple agents in adults.
Abstract 4433: Fbxw11 promotes leukemia development by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Lina Wang, Jinfeng Liao, Xiao Yang, Wenli Feng, Shayan Chen, Guoguang Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract F-box proteins serve as the substrate recognition subunit for the SCF E3 ubiquitin ligases. These ligases ubiquitinate specifically phosphorylated substrates and play a pivotal role in the regulation of various signal transduction pathways, which, in turn, are essential for many aspects of tumorigenesis. However the role of Fbxw11 in the development of leukemia and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we found two transcript variants (Fbxw11c and Fbxw11d) expressed in mouse bone marrow. More importantly, the expression of Fbxw11 in normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from Notch1-induced leukemia mice was higher than that from control mice. In order to investigate the role of Fbxw11 in leukemia, we established L1210 cell lines over-expressing Fbxw11c or Fbxw11d respectively using the lentivirus system. Over-expression of both Fbxw11 variants stimulated the proliferation of L1210 cells in vitro by cell counting and MTT assay. The tumor xenografts model with over-expression of Fbxw11c or Fbxw11d in DBA/2 mice was further established. Over-expression of both variants resulted in the increased tumor growth in vivo. Investigation of the molecular mechanism revealed that the increased cell proliferation was not due to decrease in cell apoptosis but due to increase in cell cycle. Further studies showed that overexpression of both Fbxw11c and Fbxw11d caused the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings suggest the important role of Fbxw11 in regulating the development of leukemia and indicate a potent rationale for developing Fbxw11 as a potential therapeutic target against leukemia. Citation Format: Lina Wang, Jinfeng Liao, Xiao Yang, Wenli Feng, Shayan Chen, Guoguang Zheng. Fbxw11 promotes leukemia development by activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4433. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4433
Improving patients' safety by gathering information
Authors: B. Runciman, A. Merry, A. M. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2001)

If the current rate of iatrogenic harm in health care is to be reduced there is widespread agreement that we need to identify how and why adverse events occur, and, in particular, how system defects may contribute to their occurrence. This view underlies reports such as An Organisation with a Memory 1 in the United Kingdom and similar reports in other countries2 and has led to political commitment to national monitoring systems. As Britain's new National Patient Safety Agency, currently being established, starts to ponder the issue, what are the elements of a successful reporting and monitoring system?

In spite of this recent recognition of the need for monitoring, disagreement remains about the attributes of the ideal reporting system. There are at least two distinct objectives. One is to identify practitioners or units whose performance is substandard and processes, infrastructure, or equipment that are manifestly inadequate or dangerous and to deal with these particular problems at a local level. To do this …
Potential mechanism underlying the PNPLA3I 148 M‐Hepatic steatosis connection
Authors: Jiang Wei Wu, Hao Yang, Grant A Mitchell
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. Author names in bold designate shared co‐first authorship. To the Editor: Smagris et al.1 elegantly show that knock‐in mice homozygous for the PNPLA3148M variant of adiponutrin develop hepatic steatosis when fed a high‐sucrose diet, reproducing the strongest known genetic association with hepatic steatosis in humans. PNPLA3148M knock‐in mice provide a powerful tool for exploring the mechanisms of hepatic steatosis. One plausible and testable mechanism involves the dynamic interactions among lipases and other lipid droplet (LD) surface proteins. Potentially, PNPLA3148M may compete with ATGL (PNPLA2, the major hepatic triglyceride lipase) for CGI‐58 binding (Fig. 1), leading to the reduced lipolytic capacity, steatosis and increase of large LDs observed in PNPLA3148M knock‐in livers.Figure 1: Schematic drawing of hepatic LD surface lipolysis regulated by interactions between lipase and LD surface proteins. Left, normal liver (PNPLA3148I). Upon lipolytic stimulation, the hepatic LD surface protein, PLIN5, releases CGI‐58, which binds to ATGL and enhances lipolysis. Right, PNPLA3148M knock‐in liver. CGI‐58 binding to PNPLA3 reduces CGI‐58 binding to ATGL, decreasing lipolytic activity and leading to bigger LDs. Despite the presence of equal amounts of total ATGL, CGI‐58, and PLIN‐5, as observed by Smagris et al., protein interactions and lipolytic activity differ markedly between normal and knock‐in livers.Several observations are consistent with this hypothesis. The investigators show that PNPLA3148M accumulates on the LD surface in knock‐in livers, in contrast to wild‐type PNPLA3148I, which is barely detectable on normal liver LDs. Therefore, ATGL and PNPLA3148M are both present on the LD surface. Also, ATGL and PNPLA3 share the highest homology of any patatin domain proteins.2 Binding of ATGL to CGI‐58 is well documented,3 and PNPLA3148M also colocalizes with CGI‐58.4 CGI‐58 is felt to decrease liver fat content by binding to and activating ATGL and hence by increasing lipolysis. Conversely, CGI‐58 deficiency is known to produce hepatic steatosis.5 Although Smagris et al. found that total CGI‐58 levels did not correlate with severity of hepatic steatosis, competition for CGI‐58 binding between ATGL and PNPLA3148M may reduce the ATGL‐bound fraction of CGI‐58 in PNPLA3148M knock‐in livers, inhibiting lipolysis and resulting in hepatic steatosis. Although more‐complex mechanisms may be responsible for PNPLA3148M‐associated hepatic steatosis, this simple hypothesis is testable in PNPLA3I148M knock‐in and control livers by performing immunofluorescent colocalization and coimmunoprecipitation experiments for all combinations of PNPLA3, ATGL, and CGI‐58.
Childhood Eating and Weight in Eating Disorders: A Multi-Centre European Study of Affected Women and Their Unaffected Sisters
Authors: N. Micali, J. Holliday, A. Karwautz, M. Haidvogl, G. Wagner, F. Fernandez-Aranda, A. Badia, L. Gimenez, R. Solano, M. Brecelj-Anderluh, R. Mohan, D. Collier, J.L. Treasure
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2007)

Previous studies have suggested that childhood eating and weight problems may be risk factors for eating disorders. Robust evidence is still lacking.To investigate whether childhood eating and weight problems increase the risk of eating disorders in affected women compared to their unaffected sisters.Women (150) with anorexia (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN) recruited from clinical and community samples were compared to their unaffected sister closest in age on maternal reports of childhood eating and weight.Women with BN were significantly more overweight at the ages of 5 and 10 (both OR = 2.8, p < 0.01), ate a lot (OR = 1.3, p < 0.01), were less picky (OR = 0.6, p < 0.05) and ate quickly (OR = 2.3, p < 0.05) between the ages of 6 and 10 compared to their healthy sisters. Significantly more women with AN were described as having a higher weight at 6 months (OR = 0.8, p < 0.01) and 1 year (OR = 0.6, p < 0.01) compared to their healthy sisters. Childhood eating was comparable in the women with AN and their unaffected sisters.Traits of childhood overeating were more common in bulimic women compared to their unaffected siblings. Subjects with AN did not differ from their sisters on eating variables. The increased risk of BN due to childhood overweight suggests that prevention strategies for childhood obesity and overweight may therefore be applicable in BN.
Lesson of the Week: Iatrogenic ileal obstruction: a complication of umbilical cord clamping
Authors: P Chapman-Sheath, D Wilcox, Q Mok, D Drake
Journal: BMJ (1996)

We report a case of a neonate referred with bilious vomiting and abdominal distension, who had a broad based umbilicus. Small bowel obstruction secondary to clamping of an exomphalos minor that contained ileum was evident at laparotomy. This complication arose as a result of failure to diagnose the exomphalos minor and to clamping of the umbilical cord too close to the abdominal wall.

A 3 day old boy was referred with a 48 hour history of bilious vomiting that was associated with abdominal distension. The infant had been born at term by spontaneous vaginal delivery and weighed 2.07 kg. The pregnancy had been unremarkable with no history of polyhydramnios; a prenatal ultrasound scan had been normal. He had had meconium stained liquor, but no resuscitation had been required. He was started on breast milk feeds, he passed meconium, and was transferred to the ward.

The infant was initially well …
Changes in population cholesterol concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factor levels after five years of the non-communicable disease intervention programme in Mauritius
Authors: G. K Dowse, H. Gareeboo, K G. M M Alberti, P. Zimmet, J. Tuomilehto, A. Purran, D. Fareed, P. Chitson, V. R Collins, F. Hemraj
Journal: BMJ (1995)

To study changes in the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease after a five year population-wide intervention programme promoting a healthy lifestyle in a developing country.Cross sectional cluster surveys in 1987 and 1992. Methodology included a two hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, measurement of body mass index, waist:hip ratio, basal lipid concentrations, and blood pressure; and a lifestyle questionnaire.Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean.All adults aged 25-74 years residing in geographically defined clusters.Age standardised prevalence of categorical disease and risk factor conditions and mean levels and frequency distributions of continuous variables.Response rates were 86.2% (5080/5892) in 1987 and 89.5% (5162/5770) in 1992. Significant decreases were found in the prevalence of hypertension (15.0% to 12.1% in men and 12.4% to 10.9% in women); cigarette smoking (58.2% to 47.2% and 6.9% to 3.7% respectively); and heavy alcohol consumption (38.2% to 14.4% and 2.6% to 0.6% respectively). Moderate leisure physical activity increased from 16.9% to 22.1% in men and from 1.3% to 2.7% in women. Mean population serum total cholesterol concentration fell appreciably from 5.5 mmol/l to 4.7 mmol/l (P < 0.001). The prevalence of overweight or obesity increased, and the rates of glucose intolerance changed little. The population frequency distributions of blood pressure, serum lipid concentration, and a composite risk factor score shifted advantageously.Lifestyle intervention projects can be implemented and have positive effects in developing countries. A pronounced improvement in the population lipid profile in Mauritius was probably related to a change in the saturated fat content of a widely used cooking oil.
S-Nitrosated human serum albumin dimer as novel nano-EPR enhancer applied to macromolecular anti-tumor drugs such as micelles and liposomes
Authors: Ryo Kinoshita, Yu Ishima, Mayumi Ikeda, Ulrich Kragh-Hansen, Jun Fang, Hideaki Nakamura, Victor T.G. Chuang, Ryota Tanaka, Hitoshi Maeda, Azusa Kodama, Hiroshi Watanabe, Hiroshi Maeda, Masaki Otagiri, Toru Maruyama
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)
354. CD8 Immunomagnetic Selection and Interleukin-15 (IL-15) Facilitate the Isolation of Human CD8+ Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) Genetically Engineered To Express an Anti-CD20 Chimeric T-Cell Receptor (cTCR)
Authors: Eric Y. Chen, Oliver W. Press, Michael C. Jensen
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Background. Primary human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) can be genetically modified to express a CD20-specific chimeric T-cell receptor (cTCR). We electroporated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) with an anti-CD20 cTCR expressing plasmid and cultured them with interleukin-2 (IL-2) to promote T-cell proliferation. G418-resistant transfectants were cloned and screened by flow cytometry for surface cTCR expression. To optimize the yield of cTCR-expressing clones for a planned phase I clinical trial treating patients with relapsed follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (FL), we compared the utility of CD8 pre-selection and interleukin-15 (IL-15) with our standard culture method. Methods. CD8+ PBMC were selected by CliniMACS™ anti-CD8 immunomagnetic beads (Miltenyi Biotec) at 99% purity, electroporated with the cTCR plasmid and cultured with IL-2 (50U/ml) or IL-15 (10ng/ml). Clones were phenotyped by flow cytometry. Cytotoxicity was assessed in vitro by a 51Cr release assay and in SCID mice by delay of hind limb paralysis (HLP) induced by a CD20+ Burkitt's lymphoma cell line (Ramos). Results. All IL-2 and IL-15 cultured clones (213 of 213) from CD8 selected PBMC were CD8+ CTL. Replacing IL-2 with IL-15 in our standard method (without CD8 selection) improved the percentage of CD8+ CTL clones obtained (9% vs. 56% or 9/105 vs. 31/55, respectively). Further analysis of 11 CD8+ clones derived from CD8+ PBMC showed that 9 co-expressed CD56, TCR α/β, and CD3 and therefore had a natural killer-T (NK-T) cell phenotype. IL-15 cultured clones (n = 54) exhibited greater mean anti-CD20 cytotoxicity than IL-2 cultured clones (n = 12), measured by percentage of maximum 51Cr release in vitro (53% vs. 28%, respectively; p = 0.00002). 7 of 7 SCID mice injected intravenously with Ramos cells developed HLP after a mean of 24 days (range 21–27 days); however, 4 of 5 mice treated with anti-CD20 CTL developed HLP after a mean of 84 days (range 70–94 days, p<0.001) and the last mouse has not developed HLP after 125 days. Conclusions. CD20-specific CTL are cytotoxic in vitro and in vivo and CD8 selection and IL-15 facilitate the isolation of these clones. Also, this CD8 selection method can enrich for anti-CD20 NK-T cell clones. The methods described here are anticipated to improve the yield of anti-CD20 clones for a planned phase I clinical trial for the treatment of patients with relapsed FL.
Hernia repair should be individualised to the patient
Authors: A N Kingsnorth
Journal: BMJ (1996)

hernia and usually shorter for bilateral or recurrent hernia.The authors' data on return to work are depres- sing, with long median times in both the group that had laparoscopic repair (22 days) and the group that had open repair (28 days), and may reflect undue caution on the part of either the patients or their general practitioners.In my experience, with clear and emphatic advice that it is safe to do so sedentary workers return to work in one week and those who do more physical work in two.Two sentences in the opening paragraph of the section on the outcome measures suggest an initial bias against laparoscopic repair.It seems highly optimistic to have assumed a 0 5% complication rate for open repair (with no supporting data) and highly pessimistic with regard to laparoscopic repair to choose a sample size that would show only a complication rate of 18% or greater.This study falls into the trap of comparing inexperienced laparoscopic hernia repair with experienced open hernia repair.
HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN SKIN.
Authors: A. V. MUIR, K. C. CALMAN, J. THOMSON, M. P. MACSWEEN, J. A. MILNE, J. CHAKRABORTY, J. K. GRANT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1968)

Journal Article HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ACTIVITY IN HUMAN SKIN: I. HISTOCHEMICAL TECHNIQUES FOR THE DEMONSTRATION OF 3β‐ HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE, AND A METHOD FOR THE SEMI‐QUANTITATION OF ITS ACTIVITY Get access A. V. MUIR, A. V. MUIR Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar K. C. CALMAN, K. C. CALMAN Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. THOMSON, J. THOMSON Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. P. MACSWEEN, M. P. MACSWEEN Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. A. MILNE, J. A. MILNE Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. CHAKRABORTY, J. CHAKRABORTY Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. K. GRANT J. K. GRANT Department of Dermatology, University of Glasgow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 80, Issue 9, 1 September 1968, Pages 594–600, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1968.tb12358.x Published: 01 September 1968 Article history Accepted: 07 May 1968 Published: 01 September 1968
Avoiding the consequences of deep vein thrombosis
Authors: C. McCollum
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Deep vein thrombosis has never been managed well. Before the use of anticoagulants it carried a substantial mortality, rising to over 50% for pulmonary embolism.1 Doctors were slow to adopt anticoagulation before a small randomised trial showed dramatic reductions in mortality and recurrence.2 Since then, however, anticoagulants have been widely used, but simple physical measures—elevation followed by mobilisation with elastic compression—are too often forgotten.

Our aim should be urgent diagnosis and treatment with the twin objectives of (a) g preventing extension of thrombosis, further venous damage, and embolism to the lungs and (b) encouraging clot lysis with restoration of venous function. Studies repeatedly show that clinical diagnosis is unreliable, but this is no excuse for delaying treatment for acute leg swelling associated with calf, popliteal, or femoral vein tenderness. Immediate high elevation and full heparinisation should be started and the diagnosis confirmed urgently. Duplex doppler imaging is ideal, although there is …
Abstract 11: mActive: A Blinded, Randomized mHealth Trial Supporting Digital Tracking and Smart Texting for Promotion of Physical Activity
Authors: Seth S Martin, David I Feldman, Roger S Blumenthal, Steven R Jones, Wendy S Post, Chiadi E Ndumele, Elizabeth V Ratchford, Josef Coresh, Michael J Blaha
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The recent advent of smartphone-linked wearable pedometers offers a novel opportunity to promote physical activity using mobile health (mHealth) technology. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that digital activity tracking and smart (automated, real-time, personalized) texting would increase physical activity. Methods: mActive (NCT01917812) was a 5-week, blinded, sequentially-randomized, parallel group trial that enrolled patients at an academic preventive cardiovascular center in Baltimore, MD, USA from January 17 th to May 20 th , 2014. Eligible patients were 18-69 year old smartphone users who reported low leisure-time physical activity by a standardized survey. After establishing baseline activity during a 1-week blinded run-in, we randomized 2:1 to unblinded or blinded tracking in phase I (2 weeks), then randomized unblinded participants 1:1 to receive or not receive smart texts in phase II (2 weeks). Smart texts provided automated, personalized, real-time coaching 3 times/day towards a daily goal of 10,000 steps. The primary outcome was change in daily step count. Results: Forty-eight patients (22 women, 26 men) enrolled with a mean (SD) age of 58 (8) years, body mass index of 31 (6), and baseline daily step count of 9670 (4350). The phase I change in activity was non-significantly higher in unblinded participants versus blinded controls by 1024 steps/day (95% CI -580-2628, p=0.21). In phase II, smart text receiving participants increased their daily steps over those not receiving texts by 2534 (1318-3750, p&lt;0.001) and over blinded controls by 3376 (1951-4801, p&lt;0.001). The unblinded-texts group had the highest proportion attaining the 10,000 steps/day goal (p=0.02) (Figure). Conclusions: In present-day adult smartphone users receiving preventive cardiovascular care in the United States, a technologically-integrated mHealth strategy combining digital tracking with automated, personalized, real-time text message coaching resulted in a large short-term increase in physical activity.
High incidence of biallelic point mutations in the Runt domain of the AML1/PEBP2αB gene in Mo acute myeloid leukemia and in myeloid malignancies with acquired trisomy 21
Authors: Claude Preudhomme, Delphine Warot-Loze, Christophe Roumier, Nalthalie Grardel-Duflos, Richard Garand, Jean Luc Lai, Nicole Dastugue, Elizabeth Macintyre, Claude Denis, Francis Bauters, Jean Pierre Kerckaert, Alain Cosson, Pierre Fenaux
Journal: Blood (2000)