tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 47: Genetically Elevated Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol is Associated with Aortic Valve Calcification and Incident Aortic Stenosis
Authors: George Thanassoulis, Kevin Luk, Christina A Schulz, James Engert, David Owens, Ron Do, George Hindy, Gull Rukh, Line Dufresne, Stephen S Rich, Sekar Kathiresan, Marju Orho-Melander, Vilmundur Gudnason, Christopher J O'Donnell, Wendy S Post, J G Smith
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Although plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) appears to be a causative factor in animal models of aortic valve (AV) disease, randomized trials with cholesterol lowering therapies in established disease have failed to reduce progression. We sought to evaluate whether life-long genetic elevations in LDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) are associated with AV disease. Methods: Using 144 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with LDL-C, HDL-C or TG in genomewide association studies (GWAS), we constructed three separate genetic risk scores (GRS). We estimated the association between each GRS and (1) the presence of AV calcium determined by computed tomography in 6942 participants of white European ancestry from the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genetic Epidemiology (CHARGE) consortium using summary level GWAS data and; (2) incidence of aortic stenosis in 28,585 participants from the Malmo Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) over a mean follow-up time of 15.8 years. Results: The LDL-C GRS, but not the HDL-C or the TG GRS, was associated with presence of AV calcium (OR per predicted mmol/L LDL-C, 1.38 95% CI 1.09-1.74; p=0.007). The LDL-C GRS was also associated with incident aortic stenosis (HR per mmol/L LDL-C, 3.04 (1.34-6.91, p=0.008). In sensitivity analyses excluding SNPs also associated with HDL-C or TG to reduce pleiotropy, the LDL-C GRS remained associated with AV calcium (OR per predicted mmol/L LDL-C 1.39 95% CI 1.04-1.90; p=0.03) and aortic stenosis (HR per mmol/L LDL-C 3.85, 95% CI 1.37-10.79, p=0.01). Further analyses to exclude residual pleiotropic effects of HDL-C and TG, did not materially change these findings. Conclusions: Genetic predisposition to increased LDL-C is associated with presence of AV calcium and incidence of aortic stenosis, providing novel supportive evidence that LDL-C is a causal factor for the development of AV disease. Earlier intervention to reduce LDL-C merits further investigation to prevent AV disease.
Dithranol (anthralin) versus triacetoxyanthracene.
Authors: WOLFGANG P. RAAB
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1976)

In two in vitro models for evaluating antipsoriatic activity, dithranol (anthralin) and triacetoxyan-thracene were compared. Both compounds exhibited an about equal effect on oxygen consumption of surviving human skin. Dithranol, however, exerted a stronger inhibiting effect on gIucose-6-phos-phate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) activity of human skin homogenates.
Abstract MP41: Implications of the Use of the New ACC/AHA Guidelines for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in a Brazilian Cohort - The Elsa Brasil Study
Authors: Marcio S Bittencourt, Isabela Bensenor, Dora Chor, Paulo Vasconcelos, Paulo Lotufo
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: The 2013 American College of Cardiology / American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines developed a new prediction model for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and suggested the use of a lower threshold of 7.5% 10 year hard CVD risk for primary prevention. The implications of the use of this model in other cohort and admixed races has not yet been tested. The current study sought to evaluate the potential impact of its use in a large Brazilian cohort. Methods: We have included 15105 participants of the (Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health) ELSA-Brasil study, a multicenter prospective study that enrolled civil servants aged 35 to 74 years in 6 different urban areas in brazil. We have calculated the both the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the new risk prediction model to the entire cohort, and estimated the impact of changing current recommendations based on the FRS and lipid targets to the new recommendations based on the absolute risk estimated by the new model. Results: The mean age was 52±9.1 years, with 8218 (54%) women. The race distribution included 52% white, 16% black, 28% mixed (brown), and 4% of other. While 19.2% (95% CI: 18.4 to 19.6) of the cohort would require statins for primary prevention accordion to prior recommendations, the new guidelines would recommend treatment for approximately 40.2% (95%CI: 39.4 to 41.0) of the cohort. A substantial increase in the population in whom statins are recommended occurred for males, from 23.3% (95%CI: 22.6 to 24.0%) to 55.7% (95%CI: 54.9 to 56.5), as well as females, from 16.6 (95%CI: 16.0 to 17.2) to 27.1 (95%CI: 26.4 to 27.8), and across all races and age levels (figure). Conclusion: The new ACC/AHA guidelines for primary prevention would approximately double the proportion of Brazilian adults in whom statins are indicated, mostly among older individuals. The epidemiological and economical impact of this changes are not yet known.
Abstract 2717: DMH1, a small molecule inhibitor of BMP type I receptors, suppresses growth and invasion of lung cancer
Authors: Ying Huang, Rachel Lee, Andy Chang, Jeffery Fan, Chantelle Labib, Cyrus Parsa, Robert Orlando, Bradley Andresen, Jijun Hao
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are members of the TGF-β superfamily and their biological activity is mediated by the formation of heterodimeric complexes of BMP type I and type II receptors of serine/threonine kinases. BMPs play an important role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation and migration, processes that are involved in carcinogenesis of many types of cancer. BMP-2 has been shown overexpressed in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and enhances lung tumorigenesis, suggesting that blocking the BMP signaling may be an effective therapeutic approach for NSCLC. Although previous work demonstrated that known protein-based BMP antagonists such as Noggin may reduce lung tumor growth, their clinical application could be limited by short half-lives and poor intra-tumor delivery. In a previous zebrafish embryo-based structure and activity study, we identified DMH1, a highly selective small molecule inhibitor which specifically antagonize the intracellular kinase domains of BMP type I receptors, the critical mediators of BMP signaling. In the present study, we found that DMH1 potently reduced lung cell proliferation, promoted cell death, and decreased cell migration and invasion in vitro by blocking the BMP signaling, as indicated by the reduction of Smad 1/5/8 phosphorylation and gene expression of Id1, Id2 and Id3 in A549 and H460 cells. In an in vivo study, treatment by intraperitoneal injection of DMH1 (5 mg/kg) for four weeks significantly reduced the growth of A549-derived xenograft in SCID mice. In conclusion, our study indicates that small molecule inhibitors of BMP type I receptors may offer a promising novel therapeutic strategy for lung cancer. Citation Format: Ying Huang, Rachel Lee, Andy Chang, Jeffery Fan, Chantelle Labib, Cyrus Parsa, Robert Orlando, Bradley Andresen, Jijun Hao. DMH1, a small molecule inhibitor of BMP type I receptors, suppresses growth and invasion of lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2717. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2717
Abstract 1844: Temporal engraftment and functional outcome of Bone Marrow Derived Multipotent Progenitor cell transplantation (MPC) in a porcine model of postinfarction Left Ventricular (LV) Remodeling
Authors: Mohammad N Jameel, Xiaohong Wang, Qinglu Li, Abdul Mansoor, Qiang Xiong, Cory Swingen, Jianyi Zhang
Journal: Circulation (2008)

This study compares the short term and long term functional outcomes of bone marrow derived multipotent progenitor cells (MPC) transplantation. In the short term study, the LAD was occluded distal to the 2 nd diagonal branch with PTCA balloon dilatation for 60 minutes (IR, 1 month follow-up) and MPC were delivered through a transarterial catheter, while in the long term study, the coronary artery was occluded with ligation (OCCL, 4 months follow-up). In both IR and OCCL cases, intra-myocardial injection of 50 million LacZ labeled MPC (Cell) was performed in the periscar region with 5 equal injections immediately after myocardial infarction, while in control animals (CONT) saline was injected. The myocardial bioenergetics (P-31 MRS) and LV function (MRI) were followed-up monthly (Table ). MPC transplantation resulted in improvement of ejection fraction in the OCCL study, which persists for 4 months. In the IR study, although the EF was not significantly different between the two groups at 7days postinfarction, Cell induced a significant improvement of EF at week 4 (Table ). The myocardial phosphorylation potential that is reflected by the PCr/ATP ratio was significantly higher in CELL treated group of both studies, which persists during high cardiac workstates secondary to catecholamine stimulation. Although the engraftment was low (less than 0.35%), a small portion of the engrafted cells were found co-staining positive for troponin T and/or N-cadherin suggesting differentiation to myogenic cells. The infarct size was similar between the groups at 10 days. However, the infarct size was significantly reduced at 4 months in the Cell group that was not observed in the CONT. These data demonstrate that MPC transplantation associated improvement in ventricular function and myocardial energetics persists for 4 months follow-up. The beneficial effects are likely caused by cell transplantation induced mobilization and differentiation of endogenous cardiac progenitors. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA Midwest Affiliate (Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota &amp; Wisconsin). Improvement in Ejection Fraction after MPC transplantation
A memorable patient: Home glucose monitoring, who started it?
Authors: C. Lowy
Journal: BMJ (1998)

In 1975 there was compelling evidence that glycaemic control in pregnancy was critical for a successful outcome for mother and baby. However, diabetic control could be monitored only by the women testing the urine for reducing substances. The renal threshold for glucose not uncommonly falls in pregnancy with resultant glycosia when the blood glucose values are still in the normal range. The instruction to diabetic pregnant women was to keep “the urine blue” (clinitest tablets were still in use and when five drops of urine and 10 drops of water were added to the clinic test tablet the mixture would remain blue if …
The Effects of Treatment with the Emulsions of Ragweed Extract on Antibody Titers
Authors: J T CONNELL, W B SHERMAN
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A randomised comparison of the EuroQol and Short Form-36 after stroke
Authors: P J Dorman, J Slattery, B Farrell, M S Dennis, P A G Sandercock
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The impact of a disease on health related quality of life is important but difficult to measure. If the instrument used for measuring this is too complicated some people may not answer some questions and others may not respond at all. Although incomplete data may introduce biases, make interpretation difficult, and reduce the generalisability of the results,1 papers on selecting quality of life instruments have ignored response frequency.2 (2, 3) We postulated that the brevity and simplicity of the EuroQol questionnaire (six separate questions and a visual analogue scale) would achieve a better response in stroke survivors than the SF-36 (34 separate questions) and performed a randomised controlled trial to test this hypothesis.

We included all patients who had been entered by United Kingdom centres in the International Stroke Trial between 2 March 1993 and 31 May 1995 who were not known …
A biased comment on double-blind review
Authors: D.L. Vaux
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

It is not surprising that, if given the chance, researchers will complain about the bias of the editors who declined to send their paper out for review, or, if it was sent out, the poor quality of the reviewers’ comments. To be treated fairly, you have to be known by the editors, come from the right institution or already be world famous. Fear of bias from editors and reviewers explains why a survey of researchers found a clear preference for implementing double-bind peer review (DBR) (http://www.publishingresearch.net/PeerReview.htm). In DBR, the names and affiliations of the authors of a manuscript are not revealed to the reviewers, and sometimes not even to the editors. Like the double-blind clinical trial, DBR is an innovation that attempts to reduce bias and increase objectivity in scientific publications. The rationale is that if reviewers and editors don’t know the names of authors of a paper, they can only judge it on the quality of its scientific content, and cannot be biased for or against a publication because of the nationality, gender or affiliation of the authors. But does DBR actually work? A paper in this volume of BJD puts DBR to the test.1 In this study, manuscripts submitted to Dermatologic Surgery were each assigned to four reviewers, two of whom were blinded to the identity of the authors, and two who were not. When the reviews they wrote were compared, no significant differences were found between those from the blinded and nonblinded reviewers, which led the authors to conclude that, at least for this journal, blinding during peer review did not affect the quality of the reviews. The message I take is that DBR is at least as good as regular peer review. However, this study might have underestimated the benefits of DBR. As pointed out by the authors, both the blinded and nonblinded reviewers in the study knew they were being scrutinized on the quality of their reviews, so it seems likely that they would all have been on their best behaviour. In other words, because this wasn’t a double-blind trial of double-blind review, the conclusions should be treated cautiously. I’ll declare my prejudice – I believe that DBR, like the double-blind clinical trial, is simply a better way of doing science, because both reduce bias. The real question is why isn’t DBR standard practice?
The Management of Coronary Thrombosis and Its Complications
Authors: Blanton P. Seward
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1932)

Article1 March 1932The Management of Coronary Thrombosis and Its ComplicationsBLANTON P. SEWARD, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.P.BLANTON P. SEWARD, A.B., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-5-9-1145 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe increasing frequency with which the diagnosis of coronary thrombosis with myocardial infarction is being made indicates that it is a relatively common disease. In the majority of cases it can be diagnosed at the bedside, but an important aid in its recognition is the electrocardiogram, since clinical and experimental investigations have shown that certain changes in the ventricular complex are associated with obstruction in a coronary artery. While these changes are a valuable aid in the diagnosis, especially of suspicious and atypical cases, they are not invariably diagnostic for they are found in electrocardiograms in other cardiac conditions. Electrocardiography...References1 BARNESWHITTEN ARMB: Study of the R-T interval in myocardial infarction, Am. Heart Jr., 1930, v, 142-171. Google Scholar2 SOLIS-COHENGITHENS STS: Pharmacotherapeutics, materia medica and drug action, 1928, D. Appleton and Company, New York, 1508-1509. Google Scholar3 SMITHMILLERGRABER FMGHVC: The effect of caffeine sodio-benzoate, theobromine sodio-salicylate, theophyllin and euphyllin on the coronary flow and cardiac action of the rabbit, Jr. Clin. Invest., 1925, ii, 157-166. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Roanoke, Va.*From the Department of Medicine, Lewis-Gale Hospital, Roanoke, Va.†Submitted for publication, June 1, 1931. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1932Volume 5, Issue 9Page: 1145-1154KeywordsCoronary arteriesElectrocardiographyHospital medicineMyocardial infarctionThrombosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1932 PDF downloadLoading ...
Awareness campaigns on the WORLD COPD Day
Authors: Catarina Lacerda, Cecilia Pacheco, João Filipe Cruz, Ana Luisa Vieira, Rui Rolo, João Cunha
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Portuguese population has a prevalence of 14%. In recent years, the Pneumology Department of Hospital de Braga has developed initiatives of awareness, prevention and screening, integrated in the global COPD day.  Objective: To analyze the epidemiological, clinical and functional data of the participants in the world COPD day awareness campaing in the last 2 years.  Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted by questionnaire and spirometry applied to all participants in 2012 and 2013 campaigns.  Results: Included 296 subjects: 53,4% were males, the mean age was 56.6 years; 39,8% of individuals were active smokers or former smokers; 43,6% had low education level (  Eleven spirometries were excluded for not meeting the acceptability and reproducibility criteria. Twenty-nine individuals showed an obstructive respiratory syndrome: 21 mild-obstructive, 5 moderate-obstructive and 3 severe-obstructive. Mean FEV1 was 78.1 %, 96.9 % FVC, FEV1/FVC ratio 64.3 %.  Conclusion: The aim of these campaigns is to raise awareness and disclose COPD as important cause of morbidity and mortality. Additionally, patients with newly-diagnosed COPD received appropriate guidance. The prevalence of COPD in the study sample was 10.2 %.
Hungarian GPs to be taught about depression
Authors: Carl Kovac
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Hungarian psychiatrists conducting a research programme in the south central part of the country believe the results of their study could have a significant impact on the global suicide rate.

The programme, centred in Kiskunhalas, 145 km south of Budapest, is based on a 16 hour course teaching general practitioners how to recognise depression as an illness. “There is a frequent misconception [among general practitioners] here and in many other countries that their patients' depression is caused by some medical disorder,” said Dr …
A genome-wide transcriptional fingerprint of normal and malformed human hearts
Authors: Bogac Kaynak, Anja von Heydebreck, Siegrun Mebas, Dominic Seelow, Jan Vogel, Hans-Peter Sperling, Reinhard Pregla, Vladimir Alexi-Meskishvili, Roland Hetzer, Peter E. Lange, Martin Vingron, Hans Lehrach, Silke Sperling
Journal: Circulation (2003)
Extremely short telomeres and high telomerase activity in T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL): An optimal target for telomerase inhibition with GRN163L?
Authors: A. Roeth, D. de Beer, J. Duerig, U. Duehrsen, L. Elias, R. Tressler, G. M. Baerlocher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

7061 Background: T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T-PLL) is an uncommon aggressive lymphoproliferative disease characterized by the expansion of a T-cell clone. We recently reported that leukemic T-PLL cells have extremely short telomeres (n=11, mean ± sd: 1.53 kb ± 0.65 kb) and high levels of telomerase activity (Roeth et al., 2007). We hypothesized that such cells have telomeres that are very close to critically short lengths and thus could be sensitive to telomerase inhibition with high sensitivity and short lag times. Methods: Our aim was to investigate the effect of the selective telomerase inhibitor GRN163L on survival of leukemic cells from T-PLL patients in short-term culture with detection of cell apoptosis by FACS-analysis using Annexin V-PI double staining. Telomere lengths of subsets of leukocytes from the peripheral blood of patients with T-PLL were determined by the automated flow-FISH and telomerase activity was measured by the TRAP-assay. Results: The leukemic cells of these T-PLL patients had short telomere lengths and high telomerase activity. We observed a dose-dependent cytotoxicity in T-PLL cell cultures with GRN163L. Viable cells as a percentage of untreated controls (viability index) after 7 days of cell culture with 0, 1, 3, 10 μM GRN163L were as follows (% mean ± sd, (t-test p-value versus control)): 100 ± 0, 57.3 ± 17.5 (p=0.024), 37.4 ± 25.0 (p=0.022), 25.3 ± 20.0 (p=0.008), respectively, (n=4). No effect on viability was observed in normal, unstimulated T-cells after 7 days with 0, 1, 3, 10 μM GRN163L. Viability indices for normal T- cells were as follows: (% mean ± sd) 100 ± 0.0, 97.9 ± 1.7, 102.4 ± 9.4, 95.1 ± 4.7, respectively, (n=3). In addition, a dose-dependent increase of apoptotic cells with the telomerase inhibitor GRN163L by Annexin V-PI double staining was observed. A mismatch control oligonucleotide at 10 μM had no significant effect on viability of leukemic cells. Conclusions: GRN163L is active in T-PLL cells in vitro and leads to rapid cytotoxicity. Targeting telomerase and telomeres therefore seems an attractive strategy for the future treatment of this disease. These results provide strong rationale for a planned clinical trial of GRN163L in patients with T-PLL. Author Disclosure Employment or Leadership Consultant or Advisory Role Stock Ownership Honoraria Research Expert Testimony Other Remuneration Geron Corporation Geron Corporation Geron Corporation