tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive Assessment of Coronary Artery Stenoses
Authors: W. Bob Meijboom, Carlos A.G. Van Mieghem, Niels van Pelt, Annick Weustink, Francesca Pugliese, Nico R. Mollet, Eric Boersma, Eveline Regar, Robert J. van Geuns, Peter J. de Jaegere, Patrick W. Serruys, Gabriel P. Krestin, Pim J. de Feyter
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2008)
An Index of Prognosis and End-Results of Treatment.
Authors: A. J. Rendle Short
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1933)

<b>An Index of Treatment.</b>By Various Writers. Edited by Robert Hutchison, M.D., F.R.C.P., Physician to the London Hospital. Tenth edition. Cloth. Price, $12. Pp. 1027, with 93 illustrations. Baltimore: William Wood &amp; Company, 1931. These two volumes are part of a series developed by William Wood &amp; Company and now issued over a period of some twenty years. Nine years has elapsed between the last two editions of the Index of Prognosis. This book, therefore, has been extensively revised, particularly as concerns the anemias, diabetes, cancer and intestinal obstruction, subjects in which prognosis has been greatly changed as a result of development of new methods of treatment. Attention is called to a new article on the various forms of mental disease treated according to modern classifications. The book is exceedingly useful not only as a guide to the physician in advising his patients in things they want to know, namely,
Diagnosis of Exclusion
Authors: Kelley Jean White
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 99: A Multidimensional Bundle Intervention Effectively Enhances Delivery of Dispatcher-Assisted Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Kah-Meng Chong, Ming-Ju Hsieh, Sot Shih-Hung Liu, Hui-Chih Wang, Cedric Guan-Cheng Jin, Wen-Chu Chiang, Matthew Huei-Ming Ma, Patrick Chow-In Ko
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: The better detection of OHCA through EMS calls by dispatchers may influence the performance of online dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DA-CPR). In an EMS system with a bystander CPR rate around 20%, we launch a bundle intervention for better recognition of OHCA by EMS dispatchers and assess its impact on DA-CPR. Design: The EMS authority implements a multidimensional bundle for calls recognition of OHCA and DA-CPR, including 1) a simpler protocol prioritizing patient breathe identification, 2) post-hoc auditing the call audio records for confirmed OHCA cases upon paramedics contact, 3) feedback the audit results to each dispatcher, and a written response from dispatcher is demanded, 4) modifying the computer-aided dispatch (CAD) system to highlight the dialog of “breath not normally” instead of “no breath”, and 5) to add an icon for dispatcher to reassure the call case is unnecessary for DA-CPR before case close in CAD, 6) a leadership commitment for bundle, and 7) a steering team composed with both medical and fire administrative personnel for bundle execution. Settings: A centralized CAD system in a metropolitan EMS is studied. Routinely in system the call to ambulance dispatch time should be within 60 seconds. Methods: Through audio records evaluation, the proportions of calls recognition and DA-CPR for OHCA patients six months after the intervention are compared with that for the same month period in the prior year as the control group, using regression analysis for statistics. Results: A total of 717 calls after the intervention are compared with the 749 calls in control. The proportion of call recognition of OHCA after the intervention is significantly higher than the control (74.8% vs 57.7%, adjusted odds ratio: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.5-3.1). The proportion of dispatcher-assisted bystander chest compressions after the bundle is significantly higher than the control (28.2% vs 18.9%, adjusted odds ratio: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1-2.5). Conclusions: We demonstrate a multidimensional bundle including simpler protocol, call records auditing, feedback, CAD with emphasizing patient breath status and reassuring assessment, leadership, and a joint steering team may effectively enhance EMS calls recognition and delivery of DA-CPR for OHCA.
Independence of the blood pressure lowering effect and efficacy of the angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, <scp>LCZ696</scp>, in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an analysis of the <scp>PARAMOUNT</scp> trial
Authors: Pardeep S. Jhund, Brian Claggett, Milton Packer, Michael R Zile, Adriaan A. Voors, Burkert Pieske, Martin Lefkowitz, Victor Shi, Toni Bransford, John J. V. McMurray, Scott D Solomon
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2014)
Abstract 4555: Impact of Mechanical Distortion on Homograft Valve Competence One Year after Insertion into Pulmonary Position: a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study
Authors: Johannes Nordmeyer, Regis Gaudin, CHU de Nantes, Philipp Lurz, Alessandra Frigiola, Alexander Jones, Victor Tsang, Carin van Doorn, Martin J Elliott, Vivek Muthurangu, Philipp Bonhoeffer, Andrew M Taylor
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Homograft valves (HV) are commonly used to restore pulmonary valve competence in congenital heart surgery. Recently, percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation (PPVI) was introduced as an alternative to repeat surgical pulmonary valve replacement (PVR). We sought to evaluate homograft competence at one year follow-up and compare it to PPVI. Methods: 60 HV patients (mean age 21±10 years) and 66 PPVI patients (mean age 23±11 years) were assessed with echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) during protocolized follow-up. 2/66 (3%) PPVI patients were excluded due to an episode of endocarditis. The primary endpoint was significant pulmonary regurgitation (PR) at one year, defined as a pulmonary regurgitation fraction &gt;20% on CMR. For the HV group, homograft-related variables (i.e. data from homograft bank) and surgery-related variables were reviewed. Furthermore, indicators of homograft geometry were studied on CMR, which involved the assessment of dimensions, inlet-to-outlet angles and pulmonary flow pattern. To study the impact of these variables on the primary endpoint, a multivariate linear regression analysis was performed. Results: 10/60 (17%) HV patients and none of the PPVI group had significant PR ( P &lt;0.001). Two geometrical factors were strongly associated with a higher risk of significant PR in the HV group: greater homograft inlet-to-outlet angle in a sagittal plane and eccentric pulmonary forward flow ( P &lt;0.001), both suggesting mechanical distortion. Homograft- and surgery-related variables did not significantly influence the primary endpoint. 7/10 (70%) patients with significant PR at one year already showed ≥mild PR on post-operative echocardiography, emphasizing a likely role of mechanical distortion in early homograft incompetence. During follow-up, 2/10 patients underwent redo PVR (1 homograft, 1 Hancock conduit), 1/10 patient underwent PPVI and 7/10 patients are under medical follow-up. Conclusions: Significant PR is frequent in patients one year after homograft insertion. This valve incompetence is most likely due to distortion of the homograft, suggesting that a strong circular support - as seen in PPVI - may be needed to effectively restore valvar competence in patients requiring PVR.
Genotyping of HLA-I and HLA-II alleles in Chinese patients with paraneoplastic pemphigus
Authors: Q. Liu, D-F. Bu, D. Li, X-J. Zhu
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Background Class I and class II HLA genes are thought to play a role in the immunopathogenesis of bullous dermatoses such as pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus, but we know little about the genetic background of paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) in Chinese patients. Objectives To identify class I and class II HLA alleles by genotyping in Chinese patients with PNP, and to find out the possible association between HLA alleles and disease susceptibility. Methods Nineteen Chinese patients with PNP were enrolled in this study. HLA‐A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 alleles were typed by polymerase chain reaction and a colour‐coded sequence‐specific oligonucleotide probes method. Results The frequencies of HLA‐B*4002/B*4004, B*51, B*52, Cw*14, DQB1*0301, DRB1*08 and DRB1*11 were relatively prevalent in Chinese Han patients with PNP in comparison with normal controls. After correction for multiple comparisons, Cw*14 remained statistically significant, and the other alleles were unremarkable in these patients. Conclusions The genetic background predisposing to PNP may be different in patients from various races and areas. HLA‐Cw*14 may be the predisposing allele to PNP in Chinese patients, which is different from the predisposing allele in French patients with PNP and the alleles predisposing to pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus.
Public opinion of forensic psychiatry following the Hinckley verdict
Authors: D Slater, V P Hans
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1984)

The authors obtained opinions of forensic psychiatry in a community survey following the not guilty by reason of insanity verdict in the Hinckley trial. A majority of respondents expressed little or no confidence in the specific psychiatric testimony in the Hinckley trial and only modest faith in the general ability of psychiatrists to determine legal insanity. Respondents' general and specific attitudes were strongly related. Younger people and women were more positive in their views of psychiatry in the courtroom.
Variability of the <scp>L</scp>‐Histidine decarboxylase gene in allergic rhinitis
Authors: G. Gervasini, J. A. G. Agúndez, J. García‐Menaya, C. Martínez, C. Cordobés, P. Ayuso, J. A. Cornejo, M. Blanca, E. García‐Martín
Journal: Allergy (2010)

Nonsynonymous polymorphisms in genes coding for histamine-metabolizing enzymes, diamine oxidase and histamine N-methyltransferase are related to the risk of developing allergic diseases. The role of polymorphisms in the histidine decarboxylase gene remains unexplored. The objective of this study is to identify novel polymorphisms in the human histidine decarboxylase gene and to analyse the clinical association of nonsynonymous polymorphisms with rhinitis.We performed a single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis of the histidine decarboxylase gene sequence. The presence of two nonsynonymous polymorphisms Thr31Met (rs17740607) and Glu644Asp (rs2073440) was analysed in 442 unrelated patients with allergic rhinitis, 233 of whom also had asthma, and in 486 healthy subjects.We observed three novel polymorphisms designated as ss50402829, ss50402830 and ss50402831-(rs17740607) with allele frequencies = 0.005, 0.208 and 0.073, respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed for the histidine decarboxylase Glu644Asp (rs2073440) polymorphism, with OR (95% CI) values for homozygous carriers of the Glu644 allele equal to 3.12 (1.75-5.56, P < 0.00005) for all patients, 3.38 (1.54-7.44, P = 0.002) for patients with rhinitis alone, and 2.92 (1.43-5.95), P = 0.003 for patients with rhinitis + asthma, when compared with healthy controls. A significant Glu644 gene-dose effect was observed for overall patients (P = 0.0001), for patients with rhinitis alone (P = 0.005) and for patients with rhinitis + asthma (P = 0.010).The HDC allele Glu644 in homozygosity increases the risk of developing rhinitis in the studied population. This adds to increasing evidence supporting a prominent role of genetic variations related to histamine homeostasis in the risk to develop allergic diseases.
Abstract P163: Racial Disparities In Coronary Heart Disease Risk Among United States Adults
Authors: Yuan Lu, Kaveh Hajifathalian, Majid Ezzati, Eric Rimm, Goodarz Danaei
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Health disparities remain pervasive in US and eliminating such disparities is one of the overarching goals of the Healthy People 2020 agenda. Previous studies have assessed the disparities in risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality by race/ethnicity, but most of them only focused on the average CHD risk without taking into account the full risk distribution which would enable analysis of specific high-risk sub-groups. In this study, we estimated the 10-year risk distribution of CHD mortality based on 5 leading modifiable risk factors in US (i.e. smoking, adiposity, high blood pressure, serum cholesterol and blood glucose). We quantified the racial disparities in absolute CHD risk while accounting for full risk distribution. Methods: We included 3866 individuals aged 45 to 74 years, who were black or white, non-pregnant, free of CHD and had measurements of all 5 risk factors from 6 consecutive 2-year cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010. We used mortality data from National Center for Health Statistics to estimate the cause-age-sex-race specific mortality in 2010. We also obtained hazard ratios of the selected 5 risk factors on CHD mortality from large meta-analyses of epidemiological studies. We predicted the 10-year risk of CHD death for each individual by simulating their survival process from 2010 to 2020 incorporating competing risks by death from other correlated causes. To assess health disparities, we compared the 5 th , 25 th , 50 th , 75 th and 95 th percentile of the predicted risks between black and white by age and sex. Results: More than half of the black and white population aged 45 to 74 years had a low 10-year risk of CHD death (&lt; 2%). The age-sex-race specific distributions of 10-year CHD risk were right-skewed with a large proportion of population on the low risk tail. Comparing to white, black had similar shape of CHD risk distributions, but higher risk levels at all percentiles across age and sex groups. In 55-64 ages where CHD was the major cause of death, the median of CHD risk for black males was 2.9% (interquartile range (IQR) 1.7% - 4.4%), which was 0.7% larger than that for white males (2.2%, IQR 1.4% - 3.3%). This risk difference was similar in females: the median CHD risk for black females was 1.6% (IQR 0.9% - 2.4%) and 0.9% for white females (IQR 0.5% - 1.5%). The disparities became larger on the high risk tail (95 th percentile of predicted risk), where black had 2.7% higher risk for male and 2.3% for female in 55-64 ages. In older age groups (65-74 ages), such difference increased to 3.5% for both male and female. Conclusions: This analysis showed a skewed 10-year CHD risk distribution in US. The racial disparities are larger in the high risk sub-groups compared to those in the center of the risk distribution, indicating that the high risk subgroups should be the target population of intervention that aims to reduce health disparities in US.
A pathway-based approach to find novel markers of local glucocorticoid treatment in intermittent allergic rhinitis
Authors: H. Wang, S. Chavali, R. Mobini, A. Muraro, F. Barbon, D. Boldrin, N. Åberg, M. Benson
Journal: Allergy (2010)

Glucocorticoids (GCs) may affect the expression of hundreds of genes in different cells and tissues from patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis (IAR). It is a formidable challenge to understand these complex changes by studying individual genes. In this study, we aimed to identify (i) pathways affected by local GC treatment and (ii) examine if those pathways could be used to find novel markers of local GC treatment in nasal fluids from patients with IAR.Gene expression microarray- and iTRAQ-based proteomic analyses of nasal fluids, nasal fluid cells and nasal mucosa from patients with IAR were performed to find pathways enriched for differentially expressed genes and proteins. Proteins representing those pathways were analyzed with ELISA in an independent material of nasal fluids from 23 patients with IAR before and after treatment with a local GC.Transcriptomal and proteomic high-throughput analyses of nasal fluids, nasal fluid cells and nasal mucosal showed that local GC treatment affected a wide variety of pathways in IAR such as the glucocorticoid receptor pathway and the acute phase response pathway. Extracellular proteins encoded by genes in those pathways were analyzed in an independent material of nasal fluids from patients. Proteins that changed significantly in expression included known biomarkers such as eosinophil cationic protein but also proteins that had not been previously described in IAR, namely CCL2, M-CSF, CXCL6 and apoH.Pathway-based analyses of genomic and proteomic high-throughput data can be used as a complementary approach to identify novel potential markers of GC treatment in IAR.
Predicting temozolomide resistance with MGMT RNA expression in metastatic melanoma
Authors: Jin S. Yoo, Christi K. Augustine, Yasunori Yoshimoto, Patricia A. Zipfel, Rebecca P. Petersen, Scott K. Pruitt, Francis Ali-Osman, Douglas S. Tyler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

A2  Introduction: Temozolomide (TMZ) is an effective agent in the treatment of metastatic melanoma whose in-vivo anti-tumor activity correlates directly with O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) activity. In this study, we examined whether MGMT RNA expression could serve as a surrogate marker for MGMT activity. The use of a PCR-based assay could facilitate clinical trials involving TMZ, particularly when only small tumor samples are available.Methods: The in-vitro sensitivities of 40 melanoma cell lines to TMZ was determined using a high-throughput, cytotoxic assay (Promega CellTiter Blue assay). Resistance to TMZ was defined as ≥55% sensitivity index across 0-3mM. MGMT RNA expression and activity were measured using quantitative PCR and HLPC, respectively. High MGMT RNA level was defined as ≥0.15 relative to MGMT expression in HT29 cell line. High MGMT activity was defined as ≥150 fmol/mg. Correlation analyses were performed where Pearson9s correlation coefficients were determined for MGMT expression and activity against TMZ sensitivities. Qualitative analyses were also performed using the criteria outlined above. Mismatch repair status of the cell lines were determined by testing for microsatellite instability using PCR and ABI Genescan 3100 analyzer (Applied Biosystem) with five mononucleotide markers (BAT-25, BAT-26, NR-21, NR-22, and NR-25).Results: There was a strong correlation between MGMT RNA expression and MGMT activity (correlation coefficient 0.84, p-value
Revalidation: Revalidation in the United Kingdom: general principles based on experience in general practice
Authors: L. Southgate, M. Pringle
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editorial by Buckley 

Professional self regulation is at the heart of the organisation and philosophy of medical care in the United Kingdom. However, demands are growing for increasing transparency and accountability to patients in systems for ensuring doctors' standards. In response to this, the General Medical Council (GMC) has made a commitment to introduce periodic revalidation for all doctors on the medical register after 2002. Every five years all doctors will have to submit evidence that they are practising in accordance with clearly defined guidelines. There is debate about what methods of professional assessment are most closely linked with professional performance. In this article we describe an approach to establishing revalidation in the United Kingdom, highlighting areas of uncertainty and using examples of work in progress in general practice.

This article is based on our work in developing the performance procedures for general practitioners. The proposals are based on international guidelines for good practice in devising assessment programmes which emphasise the importance of using methods relevant to the purpose and content of the assessment.1 2

Revalidation will be a proactive, inclusive programme, designed to demonstrate that the performance of doctors is acceptable. It will apply to all doctors on the register, be conducted locally by peers and lay people, be monitored nationally by the GMC, and must be implemented with a “light touch” if it is to succeed.

It is essential that an assessment programme assesses what it purports to assess.1 Revalidation should therefore seek evidence of a safe standard of practice for all areas in which a doctor works, both clinical and managerial. This presents particular problems for specialist practice. There are professional debates about core competencies for specialists (for example, in diabetes or breast surgery) who are on call as generalists for patients being admitted to …
In Defense of Documentary Cameras
Authors: Terence Wrong
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal