tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Natural killer–dendritic cell interaction in lymphocyte responses in hypersensitivity reactions to betalactams
Authors: P. Chaves, M. J. Torres, A. Aranda, S. Lopez, G. Canto, M. Blanca, C. Mayorga
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Chaves P, Torres MJ, Aranda A, Lopez S, Canto G, Blanca M, Mayorga C. Natural killer–dendritic cell interaction in lymphocyte responses in hypersensitivity reactions to betalactams. Allergy 2010; 65 : 1600–1608. Abstract Background: Betalactams are the commonest cause of allergic reactions mediated by either IgE or T lymphocytes in which innate and adaptive immune systems mediate the earlier stages of immunological responses. One of the links between these systems is related to the interaction between natural killer (NK) and dendritic cells (DC). We have evaluated the role of NK cells and NK‐DC interaction in the immunopathological mechanisms of nonimmediate reactions to betalactams. Methods: Patients allergic to amoxicillin (AX) ( N = 17) and tolerant controls ( N = 13) were included. Changes in phenotype (CD69, IFNγ, perforin, and granzyme B) in AX‐stimulated NK cells, the cytotoxic activity on mature or immature DC (imDC), and the proliferation and phenotype of NK lymphocytes after culture with AX and DC were determined by flow cytometry. Results: Amoxicillin induced activation and increases of perforin and granzyme B ( P = 0.007 and P = 0.041 respectively) but not IFNγ production in NK cells from patients. In NK subpopulations, AX induced a significant enhancement of perforin and granzyme B in CD56 dim ( P = 0.005 and P = 0.002 respectively) and of IFNγ in CD56 bright ( P = 0.001). The cytotoxic phenotype was demonstrated by an increase of annexin V only in imDC ( P &lt; 0.001). Amoxicillin also induced an increased NK proliferation with different patterns, cytotoxic or proinflammatory, depending on the presence of imDC or mature DC, respectively. No differences were observed in NK cells from tolerant controls. Conclusion: These data could demonstrate the involvement of NK cells in the immunopathological mechanisms of nonimmediate allergic reactions to AX, showing that both the innate and adaptive immune systems are involved and crosstalk, producing amplification of the harmful effects observed in these drug reactions.
Abstract 2552: T cell apoptosis signaling biomarker of PD-1 engagement in cancer patients
Authors: Wei Zhao, Haidong Dong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Targeting membrane PD-1 molecules expressed by tumor-reactive T cells is gaining acceptance as a potentially effective anti-tumor immunotherapy. PD-1 blockade mediated by monoclonal antibodies has yielded promising therapeutic effects in treatment of melanoma, lung cancer and kidney cancers. Although detecting PD-1 expression by T cells is relatively straightforward, a simple and reliable method for determining whether PD-1 on T cells has engaged its ligand B7-H1 (PD-L1) is wanting. Our previous studies have revealed that engagement of PD-1 or B7-1 by B7-H1 results in alternations of apoptosis signaling pathway by up-regulating pro-apoptotic molecules among activated T cells and are correlated with B7-H1-mediated T cell death. Those observations suggest that intracellular levels of apoptosis-related Bcl2 family molecules among PD-1 positive CD8 T cells may be barometers of the extent to which PD-1 has been triggered by B7-H1. Using PD-1 and B7-H1 deficient animal models, we found that lower levels of intracellular pro-apoptosis molecules identify those activated T cells whose PD-1 molecules have not yet been extensively engaged, thus T cell function might be restored to their normal function once PD-1 signals from B7-H1 are blocked. Similarly, human PD-1 positive CD8 T cells engaged by B7-H1 also expressed higher levels of pro-apoptosis molecules during antigen stimulation. Our clinical data demonstrated that pro-apoptosis molecule expression by tumor-reactive T cell levels are higher among advanced melanoma and prostate cancers than healthy controls, reflecting chronic engagement with B7-H1. Thus, using pro-apoptosis status as signaling biomarkers for T cell PD-1 engagement, it may be possible to select patients who are most likely to have strong benefit from PD-1 or B7-H1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy. Citation Format: Wei Zhao, Haidong Dong. T cell apoptosis signaling biomarker of PD-1 engagement in cancer patients. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2552. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2552
Skin prick test versus specific IgE – A comparative study in patients with bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis in India
Authors: Nitesh Gupta, Raj Kumar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background : Skin prick test (SPT) is the gold standard in the assessment of allergic sensitivities due to inhalants allergens. Serum specific IgE (SSIgE) measurement by ImmunoCAP is a complementary test with the antigen extracts derived from European antigens.

Aim and Objective : The aim is to evaluate the correlation of SSIgE results with gold standard SPT against cockroach, housefly and mosquito, 3 aeroallergens which are frequently implicated in driving respiratory allergies in India.

Methods : Fifty patients (15-50 yr, mean 28.5 yr) diagnosed with bronchial asthma and/or allergic rhinitis underwent SPT. SSIgE levels were obtained at the same visit. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV and NPV) of SSIgE testing were calculated using SPT as a gold standard. The correlation between SPT grading and SSIgE levels was also evaluated.

Results : The study included 50 patients; 29 males and 21 females. Among the 3 aero-allergens, cockroach SSIgE had highest sensitivity (74.3%) and PPV (91.1%), however NPV (37.5%) and specificity (54.5%) being the lowest. On the contrary, housefly SSIgE had highest specificity (86.6%) and NPV (54.5%) but lowest sensitivity (68.7%) and PPV (78.5%). The two tests were in agreement (i.e., both positive or both negative) in 70% (cockroach), 78% (mosquito) and 62% (housefly). The study also observed a significant positive correlation between the grades of SPT reaction and SSIgE level for all the 3 aero-allergens.

Conclusions : SSIgE using antigen extracts of cockroach and housefly from a different geographical region seem to give comparable results, and can thus be reliably used in evaluation of allergy.
The Health System and Population Health Implications of Large-Scale Diabetes Screening in India: A Microsimulation Model of Alternative Approaches
Authors: Sanjay Basu, Christopher Millett, Sandeep Vijan, Rodney A. Hayward, Sanjay Kinra, Rahoul Ahuja, John S. Yudkin
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2015)

Background Like a growing number of rapidly developing countries, India has begun to develop a system for large-scale community-based screening for diabetes. We sought to identify the implications of using alternative screening instruments to detect people with undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among diverse populations across India. Methods and Findings We developed and validated a microsimulation model that incorporated data from 58 studies from across the country into a nationally representative sample of Indians aged 25–65 y old. We estimated the diagnostic and health system implications of three major survey-based screening instruments and random glucometer-based screening. Of the 567 million Indians eligible for screening, depending on which of four screening approaches is utilized, between 158 and 306 million would be expected to screen as "high risk" for type 2 diabetes, and be referred for confirmatory testing. Between 26 million and 37 million of these people would be expected to meet international diagnostic criteria for diabetes, but between 126 million and 273 million would be "false positives." The ratio of false positives to true positives varied from 3.9 (when using random glucose screening) to 8.2 (when using a survey-based screening instrument) in our model. The cost per case found would be expected to be from US$5.28 (when using random glucose screening) to US$17.06 (when using a survey-based screening instrument), presenting a total cost of between US$169 and US$567 million. The major limitation of our analysis is its dependence on published cohort studies that are unlikely fully to capture the poorest and most rural areas of the country. Because these areas are thought to have the lowest diabetes prevalence, this may result in overestimation of the efficacy and health benefits of screening. Conclusions Large-scale community-based screening is anticipated to produce a large number of false-positive results, particularly if using currently available survey-based screening instruments. Resource allocators should consider the health system burden of screening and confirmatory testing when instituting large-scale community-based screening for diabetes.
Standards Set for CT Calcium Screening but Its Clinical Value Remains Unclear
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 267: Chest-Compression-Only and Conventional Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation by Bystanders for Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests With Public Access Defibrillation: A Prospective, Nationwide, Population-Based Cohort Study
Authors: Taku Iwami, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Hideo Mitamura, Ken Nagao, Morimasa Takayama, Yoshihiko Seino, Hideharu Tanaka, Hiroshi Nonogi, Naohiro Yonemoto, Takeshi Kimura, Takashi Kawamura
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objectives: Previous animal and clinical studies suggest that chest compression-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) by bystanders may be superior to conventional CPR for out-of-hospital cardia...
810. Site-Specific Integration Enhances Expression of DNA Introduced into Skeletal Muscle
Authors: Thurman M. Wheeler, Sohail Jarrahian, Carmen Bertoni, Eric C. Olivares, Timothy Doyle, Christopher H. Contag, Michele P. Calos, Thomas A. Rando
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Non-viral approaches to gene therapy have often been limited by transient expression of delivered genes. Permanent integration of therapeutic genes into the host genome holds promise for lasting expression of the deficient or defective protein. Integration that is site-specific can limit the hazards of insertional mutagenesis. Here we demonstrate a novel non-viral approach to gene therapy for muscle disease. We used phage phiC31 integrase to catalyze unidirectional, site-specific integration of incoming plasmid DNA carrying the luciferase gene and an attB site into pseudo attP sites in the genomes of muscle fibers. In vivo bioluminescent imaging was used to assess the levels of luciferase expression, as a measure of gene transfer and integration into mouse leg skeletal muscle. in vivo imaging demonstrated that electroporation following intramuscular injection of plasmid DNA increased initial luciferase activity by 1-2 orders of magnitude. Intramuscular injection of the luciferase-attB plasmid together with a plasmid expressing the phiC31 integrase produced persistent levels of expression that were 5-10 fold higher than the levels seen without integrase. Genomic integration was verified by performing PCR on muscle DNA using primers spanning a known hotspot pseudo attP site for phiC31–mediated integration in mouse liver cells. Four out of four muscles that received integrase and the attB plasmid were positive for integration events at this site. Application of this site-specific integration technology to gene therapy for muscular dystrophies may provide long-term, sustained amelioration of the disease phenotype. Delivery of wild type dystrophin cDNA into dystrophin-deficient muscles using the phiC31 integrase system is currently under investigation.
Diagnostik und Therapie der Magenkrankheiten.
Authors: Ismar Boas
Journal: JAMA (1921)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
pH and Bicarbonate Effects on Mitochondrial Anion Accumulation
Authors: David P. Simpson, Steven R. Hager
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Mitochondria from rabbit and dog renal cortex were incubated with 1 mM 14C-weak acid anions in media containing low (10 mM) or high (40 mM) concentrations of bicarbonate and the steady-state accumulation of labeled anion in the matrix was measured. In the absence of an energy source, no concentration of 14C-anion in the mitochondrial matrix space was present, but the anion concentration was significantly higher at low- than at high-bicarbonate concentration. Addition of an energy source, usually ascorbate plus tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, led to increases in matrix space anion levels and to accentuation of the difference in anion uptake between low- and high-bicarbonate media, so that two to four times as much anion was present at low- than at high-bicarbonate concentrations. The anions affected included substrates for which inner membrane carriers are present in mitochondria, such as citrate, α-ketoglutarate, malate, and glutamate, as well as substances which diffuse passively across the inner membrane such as acetate and formate. When a nonbicarbonate medium buffered with Hepes was used, pH change did not alter anion uptake although anion concentrations exceeding those in the medium still developed when an energy source was present. The difference in mitochondrial anion accumulation between low- and high-bicarbonate levels diminished with decreasing temperature or with increasing anion concentration in the medium. Estimation of intramitochondrial pH with [14C]5,5-dimethyl-oxazolidine-2,4-dione showed that the pH gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane was significantly greater with 10 than with 40 mM bicarbonate in the medium.
124. Efficient Transduction and Activation of Dendritic Cells by Adenoviral Vectors Targeted to DC-SIGN
Authors: Nikolay Korokhov, Wayne A. Aldrich, Alex Krendelchtchikov, Angela Granelli-Piperno, Papia T. Banerjee, Stephen D. Gillies, Pierre L. Triozzi, Abner M. Mhashilkar, David T. Curiel
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a central element of the development of antigen-specific immune responses. The lack of a specific and efficient technique for delivery of antigens to DCs remains the major obstacle, limiting the vaccine's ability to induce an effective immune response. In this regard, adenoviral (Ad) vectors offer a number of significant advantages for this application. Further gains in the utility of Ad would accrue to the ability to alter tropism such that DC-selective transduction could be achieved. Immature DCs monitor the environment via antigen recognition receptors including the Toll-like receptors and the C-type lectins. The C-type lectin, DC-SIGN, is an internalizing receptor, and, due to high level expression by monocyte-derived DCs is an attractive receptor for targeting Ad vectors for DC-based tumor vaccination approaches.
A method of liberating living cells from the dermal infiltrate.
Authors: R.S-H. TAN, N.A BYROM, J.P HAYES
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1975)

A new technique is described whereby viable infiltrating cells can be freed from skin biopsy specimens. The specimens are incubated with collagenase and then mechanically disaggregated. The liberated cells are still suitable for immunological and morphological study. Using this method, the nature of the dermal infiltrate in patients with skin reticuloses was compared with that in lichen planus. A predominance of T cells was found in mycosis fungoides, the Sezary syndrome, and lichen planus, and of B cells in non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Neural Predictors of Successful Brief Psychodynamic Psychotherapy for Persistent Depression
Authors: Joshua L. Roffman, Janet M. Witte, Alexandra S. Tanner, Sharmin Ghaznavi, Robert S. Abernethy, Laura D. Crain, Patricia U. Giulino, Ira Lable, Raymond A. Levy, Darin D. Dougherty, Karleyton C. Evans, Maurizio Fava
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2014)

&lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Psychodynamic psychotherapy has been used to treat depression for more than a century. However, not all patients respond equally well, and there are few reliable predictors of treatment outcome. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; We used resting &lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;FDG-PET) scans immediately before and after a structured, open trial of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy (n = 16) in conjunction with therapy process ratings and clinical outcome measures to identify neural correlates of treatment response. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Pretreatment glucose metabolism within the right posterior insula correlated with depression severity. Reductions in depression scores correlated with a pre- to posttreatment reduction in right insular metabolism, which in turn correlated with higher objective measures of patient insight obtained from videotaped therapy sessions. Pretreatment metabolism in the right precuneus was significantly higher in patients who completed treatment and correlated with psychological mindedness. &lt;b&gt;&lt;i&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/b&gt; Resting brain metabolism predicted both clinical course and relevant psychotherapeutic process during short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy for depression.
Abstract 19312: A Follow-up Study of Coronary Vasomotor Function in Ischemic and Remote Myocardium Following Successful Percutaneous Revascularization for Acute Myocardial Infarction - a [15O]H2O PET Study
Authors: Paul F Teunissen, Stefan A Timmer, Ibrahim Danad, Hans J Harms, Pieter G Raijmakers, Adriaan A Lammertsma, Albert C van Rossum, Niels van Royen, Paul Knaapen
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: In patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), coronary vasomotor function is not only impaired in the myocardial territory supplied by the culprit-artery but also in remote myocardium supplied by angiographically normal vessels. Aims: The aim was to investigate the temporal evolution of coronary vasodilatory reserve in patients with AMI by use of [15O]H2O PET, after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: Fourty-four patients with AMI and successful revascularization by PCI were included (i.e. TIMI II or III flow after coronary stenting). Subjects were examined one week and three months after AMI with [15O]H2O PET to assess the coronary flow reserve (CFR). CFR was defined as the ratio of myocardial blood flow during hyperemia (hMBF) and rest (MBF). Additionally, 45 age and sex matched subjects without a prior cardiac history underwent similar scanning procedures and served as a control group. Results: At baseline, CFR averaged 1.77 ± 0.63 in infarcted myocardium versus 2.41 ± 0.79 in remote myocardium (p &lt; 0.001). In comparison, CFR in the control group averaged 4.16 ± 1.45 (p = 0.001 versus both). During follow-up, the CFR increased from 1.77 ± 0.63 to 2.75 ± 0.89 in infarcted myocardium (p &lt; 0.001), and from 2.41 ± 0.79 to 2.85 ± 0.75 in remote myocardium (p = 0.001). This was predominantly due to an increase in hMBF, from 1.64 ± 0.54 to 2.19 ± 0.74 mL/min/g in infarcted myocardium (p &lt; 0.001), and 2.20 ± 0.56 to 2.61 ± 0.65 mL/min/g in remote myocardium (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Coronary vasodilatory reserve is impaired in both ischemic and remote myocardium directly after AMI. Following successful revascularization, the coronary vasodilatory reserve significantly improved in both regions. As a consequence, these early and late post-infarct alterations in remote myocardium may also affect temporal infarct evolution and recovery of left ventricular function.