tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Disagreement in high-grade/low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and high-risk/low-risk HPV infection: clinical implications for anal cancer precursor lesions in HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM
Authors: V.N. Pimenoff, M. Félez-Sánchez, S. Tous, O. Clavero, J.M. Godínez, J. Klaustermeier, M. Saunier, A. Molijn, L. Alemany, W. Quint, F.X. Bosch, S. de Sanjosé, J. McCloskey, I.G. Bravo
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
VIRAL AND CELLULAR SURFACE ANTIGENS OF MURINE LEUKEMIAS AND MYELOMAS
Authors: Tadao Aoki, Toshitada Takahashi
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1972)

IMMUNOELECTRON MICROSCOPY (IEM) OF MOUSE CELLS WHICH WERE PRODUCTIVELY INFECTED WITH MURINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS (MULV) YIELDED THE FOLLOWING CONCLUSIONS: See PDF for Structure With two exceptions, the alloantigens H-2, theta, Ly-A, and Ly-B were not present on complete or incomplete virions produced by cells bearing these antigens.The exceptions were H-2(k) (but not H-2(b)) and theta both appeared on only a minority of virions and never on more than a small part of the circumference. The incidental discovery of an additional envelope antigen on virions produced by a BALB/c mouse myeloma but lacking from passage A Gross virions distinguishes these two viruses as MuLV subtypes; it also illustrates that IEM can be applied as a primary tool for antigenic analysis, as well as for its usual purpose of finding out where antigens are situated.
Atypical Immunoglobulins Associated With Spontaneous Lymphomas in an Inbred Strain of Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: R E Schrohenloher, P C Bailey
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1972)

Immunoelectrophoretic and double gel diffusion studies of serum from strain PBA mice after development of lymphomas indicated an increased concentration of both IgG1 and IgG2 globulins. The increase in IgG2 appeared to be selective for the IgG2b globulins. Serum levels of IgM and IgA were not elevated. Ultracentrifugal analysis indicated that a large proportion of the pathologic immunoglobulins were aggregated or complexed. Fractions rich in the aggregated globulins were isolated from pooled sera by preparative zone electrophoresis and gel chromatography. Strong reactions with specific antisera indicated that both IgG1 and IgG2 were present in these fractions. The aggregated globulins were composed of non-covalently bonded monomers that could be reversibly dissociated at low pH. Molecular weight and sedimentation coefficient values obtained for the monomers corresponded to those of normal mammalian IgG. Aggregation was shown to be due to the interaction of groups present on the F(ab′)2 fragments of the molecules produced by degradation with pepsin. However, this property was not expressed by the 3S fragments obtained by reduction of the F(ab′)2 fragments or the Fab fragments obtained by cleavage of the globulins with papain.—J Natl Cancer Inst 49: 1027–1037, 1972.
Prevention of bacteremia attributed to luminal colonization of tunneled central venous catheters with vancomycin-susceptible organisms.
Authors: C Schwartz, K J Henrickson, K Roghmann, K Powell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1990)

Forty-five children with oncologic or hematologic disorders requiring tunneled central venous catheters (TCVC) for the administration of immunosuppressive therapy were randomized to receive either 10 U/mL heparin (H) (24 patients) or a solution of 10 U/mL H and 25 micrograms/mL vancomycin (H-V) (21 patients) for all catheter flushes. Episodes of fever or suspected sepsis were evaluated to determine whether the addition of vancomycin to the flush solution would alter the incidence of symptomatic bacteremia attributed to luminal colonization of TCVC with vancomycin-susceptible bacteria. Patients were enrolled for 247 +/- 150 days, accounting for a total of 11,095 days of catheter use. Bacteremia attributed to luminal colonization with vancomycin-susceptible organisms occurred in five patients (six infections) receiving H alone compared with zero patients receiving H-V (P = .035). The time to the first episode of bacteremia with vancomycin-susceptible organisms, analyzed by Kaplan-Meier survival curves, was significantly longer in patients receiving H-V (P = .04). There were no differences in the incidence of other infections including bacteremia attributed to luminal colonization with vancomycin-resistant organisms, other bacteremias (including those arising from the catheter exit site), exit-site cellulitis, or fungal infections. No organisms resistant to vancomycin were identified. Vancomycin could not be detected in the peripheral blood of patients receiving vancomycin in the flush solution. No vancomycin-related toxicities were noted. We conclude that the use of an H-V flush solution in immunocompromised patients with TCVC can decrease the frequency of bacteremia attributed to luminal colonization with vancomycin-susceptible bacteria.
Abstract 4191: Prognostic Significance of Normal Combined Stress, Delayed Enhancement, and Functional Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Scott Bingham, Rory Hachamovitch
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Combined adenosine stress perfusion (STRESS), myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE), and ventricular wall motion (WM) by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is a promising approach to further risk stratification in patients with intermediate pre-test clinical cardiovascular risk. The prognosis conferred by normal (NL) STRESS, MDE, and WM CMR is unknown. Methods: 1,002 consecutive patients underwent combined CMR including STRESS by gadolinium first-pass perfusion, MDE, and cine WM for suspicion of coronary artery disease (CAD) or myocardial ischemia. 577 patients had NL STRESS, 607 had NL MDE, 544 had NL WM, and 448 had NL combined CMR. 70% had no history of CAD. Follow up was performed at a mean 31 (range 12– 62) months after CMR for cardiac death (CD) all-cause death (ACD) and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI). Results: NL combined CMR resulted in 0.6% rate of CD per year of follow up (0.3% if no CAD history, and 1.4% with CAD history). Rates for ACD and ACD plus MI were 1.9% and 2.0%. Similar event rates were observed when each component of combined CMR was considered separately. Conclusion: Normal STRESS, MDE, and WM CMR, both singly or in combination, confer a low risk of subsequent cardiac events. Event Rate % per Year of Follow Up
Hyperactive Adverse Mechanical Stress Responses in Dystrophic Heart Are Coupled to Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 6 and Blocked by cGMP–Protein Kinase G Modulation
Authors: Kinya Seo, Peter P. Rainer, Dong-ik Lee, Scarlett Hao, Djahida Bedja, Lutz Birnbaumer, Oscar H. Cingolani, David A. Kass
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Rationale: The heart is exquisitely sensitive to mechanical stimuli to adapt rapidly to physiological demands. In muscle lacking dystrophin, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, increased load during contraction triggers pathological responses thought to worsen the disease. The relevant mechanotransducers and therapies to target them remain unclear. Objectives: We tested the role of transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels TRPC3 and TRPC6 and their modulation by protein kinase G (PKG) in controlling cardiac systolic mechanosensing and determined their pathophysiological relevance in an experimental model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Methods and Results: Contracting isolated papillary muscles and cardiomyocytes from controls and mice genetically lacking either TRPC3 or TRPC6 were subjected to auxotonic load to induce stress-stimulated contractility (SSC, gradual rise in force and intracellular Ca 2+ ). Incubation with cGMP (PKG activator) markedly blunted SSC in controls and Trpc3 −/− ; whereas in Trpc6 −/− , the resting SSC response was diminished and cGMP had no effect. In Duchenne muscular dystrophy myocytes ( mdx /utrophin deficient), the SSC was excessive and arrhythmogenic. Gene deletion or selective drug blockade of TRPC6 or cGMP/PKG activation reversed this phenotype. Chronic phosphodiesterase 5A inhibition also normalized abnormal mechanosensing while blunting progressive chamber hypertrophy in Duchenne muscular dystrophy mice. Conclusions: PKG is a potent negative modulator of cardiac systolic mechanosignaling that requires TRPC6 as the target effector. In dystrophic hearts, excess SSC and arrhythmia are coupled to TRPC6 and are ameliorated by its targeted suppression or PKG activation. These results highlight novel therapeutic targets for this disease.
Response to increased load in systemic sclerosis-associated PAH and idiopathic PAH
Authors: Benjamin W. Kelemen, Stephen C. Mathai, Ryan J. Tedford, Rachel Damico, Cecilia Corona-Villalobos, Todd M. Kolb, Neal F. Chaisson, Traci Housten Harris, Stefan L. Zimmerman, Ihab R. Kamel, David A. Kass, Paul M. Hassoun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:

Patients with Systemic Sclerosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (SScPAH) have worse survival than patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH). We hypothesized that the RV adapts differently in SScPAH vs IPAH.

Methods:

We examined 58 prospectively obtained cardiac MRIs (cMRI) in 34 SScPAH and 24 IPAH patients all diagnosed by right heart catheterization (RHC). cMRI and RHC measurements were recorded for all patients. Regression analysis was used to assess the association between diagnosis and RV measurements after adjusting for age and RV load.

Results:

Clinical and demographic variables are shown in Table 1. Univariate regression showed RV mass index (RVMi) varied linearly with measures of RV load. ANCOVA analysis suggested an interaction between diagnosis and RVMi adjusting for PVR and age (p=0.09). A spline model showed a significantly lower rate of increase in RVMi (0.51vs2.03g/m2*WU) in SScPAH vs IPAH at PVR>7 WU.

Conclusion:

RVMi varies linearly with measures of RV load. After adjusting for differences in RV load and age, SScPAH patients had a significantly decreased rate of hypertrophy with increasing PVR that was most prominent at PVR>7WU. This difference in adaptive hypertrophy may, in part, explain poorer survival in SScPAH despite lower measures of load.

View this table:

Table 1: Demographic and Catheterization Data





![Figure][1]  [1]: pending:yes
Anniversary Reactions in Gulf War Veterans: A Follow-Up Inquiry 6 Years After the War
Authors: Charles A. Morgan, Susan Hill, Patrick Fox, Peter Kingham, Steven M. Southwick
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to assess the occurrence of anniversary reactions in Gulf War veterans 6 years after the conclusion of the war. METHOD: Subjects were administered questionnaires and asked to identify specific months of best and worst functioning and months of least or most symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for the 12 months before the study. Months of negative experiences were compared with previously documented dates of exposure to traumatic events during the war. Similar reports were also obtained from the veterans' spouses in order to assess corroborative evidence for the occurrence of anniversary reactions. RESULTS: Anniversary reactions occurred with a frequency greater than chance and most often in individuals exposed to a greater number of traumatic events. Overall, spouse reports matched the veterans' reports of anniversary reactions. In addition, spouses identified anniversary reactions that were not endorsed by their veterans. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that anniversary reactions occur in numbers greater than those expected by chance, are correlated to the occurrence of traumatic events, and may be a part of the syndrome of PTSD.
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal lymphoma behavior: analysis of 108 patients.
Authors: C Thieblemont, Y Bastion, F Berger, C Rieux, G Salles, C Dumontet, P Felman, B Coiffier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1997)

PURPOSE Characteristics and outcome of 108 patients with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma were analyzed according to initial location of the lymphoma, within or outside of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred eight patients with MALT lymphoma were studied. Fifty-five patients (51%) had GI involvement and 53 patients (49%) had another involved extranodal site: 13 orbit; 11 lung; 10 skin; seven parotid; six thyroid; three Waldeyer's ring; two breast; and one pancreas involvement. At diagnosis, 47 patients (44%) had stage IE, 26 (24%) had stage IIE, and 35 (32%) had disseminated disease. No significant difference in the clinical or biologic characteristics was observed between GI and non-GI patients. RESULTS Complete response after the first treatment was reached in 76% of the patients, with no difference between the two subgroups. With a median follow-up of 52 months, median survival was not reached and was identical in the two subgroups, but GI MALT patients had a longer time to progression (8.9 years compared with 4.9 years in non-GI patients; P = .01). The different non-GI locations seemed to have a similar outcome. CONCLUSION MALT lymphoma is an indolent disease that usually presents as localized extranodal tumor without accompanying adverse prognostic factor, and these patients have a good outcome. However, non-GI patients seem to progress more often than GI patients.
An Ethical Debate: Financial ties as part of informed consent to postmarketing research Attitudes of American doctors and patient
Authors: J. La Puma, C. B Stocking, W. D Rhoades, C. M Darling
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Postmarketing research, often called phase IV trials, is intended to familiarise doctors and patients with newly approved drugs.La Puma and colleagues, in Chicago, studied doctors' and patients' attitudes to whether doctors should receive paymentfor taking part in such research.We asked for commentaries on their findings from four ethical experts, who put the study in a British context, present the views of patients, and examine some methodological assumptions.
Met160Val TMPRSS2 gene polymorphism and early onset prostate cancer in high-risk men
Authors: V. N. Giri, L. Hughes, K. Ruth
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

5000 Background: The TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion has been found in over 50% of prostate tumors and its role is being characterized in various clinical settings. The T-allele of the Met160Val single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been found to be associated with translocation and multiple copies of the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion. This SNP needs clinical characterization in men at high risk for prostate cancer (PCA) (men with a family history [FH] of PCA and African American [AA] men) to determine the role in personalizing PCA early detection. The Prostate Cancer Risk Assessment Program (PRAP) is a prospective screening program for high risk men. PRAP has &gt; 700 participants, and 60% are AA. Here we evaluated the Met160Val SNP (rs12329760) in the TMPRSS2 gene with respect to race, FH of PCA, and time to PCA diagnosis. Methods: Eligibility for PRAP includes men ages 35–69 years with one first degree relative with PCA, two second degree relatives with PCA on the same side of the family, any AA man regardless of FH of PCA, and men with BRCA1/2 mutations. Criteria for biopsy and biopsy approach have been reported previously. Genotyping of the Met160Val SNP was performed using the Taqman SNP Genotyping Assay (Applied Biosystems). Standard statistical methods were used to determine risk-genotype distributions. Cox models were used for time to PCA diagnosis by risk genotype. Results: Out of 700 men in PRAP, 631 were able to be genotyped for the Met160Val SNP. There was no difference in distribution of genotypes (CT/TT vs. CC) among 231 White men with familial PCA and 400 AA men in PRAP. Among 183 White men with familial PCA with &gt; one follow-up visit, those with the CT/TT genotypes were found to have a significantly earlier time to PCA diagnosis vs. the CC genotype (p = 0.0058). In addition, the hazard ratio for PCA among high-risk White men of the CT/TT genotypes vs CC genotype was 2.55 (p = 0.022) after controlling for age and PSA. No trends were seen among AA men for time to PCA diagnosis for any of the Met160Val SNP genotypes. Conclusions: The T-allele of the Met160Val variant in the TMPRSS2 gene may be informative of time to PCA diagnosis among White men who have a FH of PCA. This genetic variant warrants further study in high-risk men with familial PCA for its role in personalizing PCA early detection. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Doppler color-flow imaging assessment of shunt size in atrial septal defect.
Authors: C Pollick, H Sullivan, B Cujec, S Wilansky
Journal: Circulation (1988)

Two-dimensional echocardiography and pulsed-Doppler studies have not proved to be reliable methods of assessing left-to-right shunt size in atrial septal defect. Doppler color-flow imaging displays the transatrial jet, providing a new dimension with the potential capability of quantifying left-to-right shunt size. Twenty-three patients with atrial septal defect were studied by color-flow imaging and cardiac catheterization. The defect size measured by two-dimensional echocardiography, the maximal color-flow jet width in the atrial septum, and the maximal color-flow jet area in the right atrium were correlated with cardiac catheterization-derived left-to-right shunt size. Correlation coefficients were 0.57 (p less than 0.01), 0.67 (p less than 0.001), and 0.65 (p less than 0.01), respectively. Atrial septal color-flow jet width distinguished patients with less than a 2:1 left-to-right shunt size ratio (eight patients, jet width less than 15 mm in in all) from patients with greater than a 2:1 left-to-right shunt size ratio (15 patients, jet width greater than 15 mm in all). These results indicate that Doppler color-flow imaging can distinguish left-to-right shunt size in atrial septal defect accurately enough to influence decisions with regard to subsequent patient management.
Hairy-cell leukemia: induction of complete remission with pentostatin (2'-deoxycoformycin).
Authors: A S Spiers, S J Parekh, M B Bishop
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1984)

Two men with advanced but previously untreated B cell hairy-cell leukemia were treated with low doses of pentostatin (2'-deoxycoformycin) in intermittent courses. There was prompt clearance of hairy cells from the blood, regression of splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, and correction of anemia, thrombocytopenia, and granulocytopenia. Side effects were tolerable and myelosuppression was not observed. Both patients achieved complete remission documented by bone marrow aspiration and biopsy and radionuclide scans of liver and spleen. They remain in complete remission nine and six months, respectively, after their last treatment. Pentostatin (Warner-Lambert, Ann Arbor, Mich) is highly active in hairy-cell leukemia and merits more extensive evaluation in this disease. A woman with hairy-cell leukemia has begun treatment with pentostatin, and at ten weeks there is disappearance of gross splenomegaly and clearance of hairy cells from the blood. Bone marrow studies have not yet been repeated.
European working time directive for doctors in training
Authors: D. Scott-Coombes
Journal: BMJ (2002)

Editor—The gloating editorial by Pickersgill, the chairperson of the BMA's Junior Doctors Committee, convinces me that the BMJ is now the magazine for the coffee table of the politically active lily-livered doctors who populate the NHS.1 The smile will be wiped off Pickersgill's face if ever he is unfortunate enough to need an operation.
Organization and Sequence of Human Cardiac Myosin Binding Protein C Gene (MYBPC3) and Identification of Mutations Predicted to Produce Truncated Proteins in Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Lucie Carrier, Gisele Bonne, Ellen Bahrend, Bing Yu, Pascale Richard, Florence Niel, Bernard Hainque, Corinne Cruaud, Francoise Gary, Siegfried Labeit, Jean-Brieuc Bouhour, Olivier Dubourg, Michel Desnos, Albert A. Hagege, Ronald J. Trent, Michel Komajda, Marc Fiszman, Ketty Schwartz
Journal: Circulation Research (1997)

Cardiac myosin binding protein C (MyBP-C) is a sarcomeric protein belonging to the intracellular immunoglobulin superfamily. Its function is uncertain, but for a decade evidence has existed for both structural and regulatory roles. The gene encoding cardiac MyBP-C (MYBPC3) in humans is located on chromosome 11p11.2, and mutations have been identified in this gene in unrelated families with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (FHC). Detailed characterization of the MYBPC3 gene is essential for studies on gene regulation, analysis of the role of MyBP-C in cardiac contraction through the use of recombinant DNA technology, and mutational analyses of FHC. The organization of human MYBPC3 and screening for mutations in a panel of French families with FHC were established using polymerase chain reaction, single-strand conformation polymorphism, and sequencing. The MYBPC3 gene comprises > 21,000 base pairs and contains 35 exons. Two exons are unusually small in size, 3 bp each. We found six new mutations associated with FHC in seven unrelated French families. Four of these mutations are predicted to produce truncated cardiac MyBP-C polypeptides. The two others should each produce two aberrant proteins, one truncated and one mutated. The present study provides the first organization and sequence for an MyBP-C gene. The mutations reported here and previously in MYBPC3 result in aberrant transcripts that are predicted to encode significantly truncated cardiac MyBP-C polypeptides. This spectrum of mutations differs from the ones previously observed in other disease genes causing FHC. Our data strengthen the functional importance of MyBP-C in the regulation of cardiac work and provide the basis for further studies.
Poor agreement between chart-based and objectively identified comorbidities of COPD
Authors: Filip J J Triest, Frits M E Franssen, Martijn A Spruit, Miriam T J Groenen, Emiel F M Wouters, Lowie E G W Vanfleteren
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

Comorbidities contribute significantly to the individual burden of disease in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Their assessment is considered essential for COPD management and is frequently based on data from patients' charts [1]. However, comorbidities are often undiagnosed [2]. Hence, a mismatch between chart-based and objectively identified comorbidities could be anticipated. There is poor agreement between chart-based and objectively identified comorbidities in patients with COPD <http://ow.ly/QCgf3>