tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis from colon cancer: Prognostic factor analysis on 46 patients
Authors: F. Karimdjee, J. Bereder, E. Beniziri, N. Sautot-Vial, J. Habre, A. Rahili, J. Bernard, N. Mounier, D. Benchimol
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

4083 Backgound: Peritoneal carcinomatosis affects 10% of patients with colorectal cancer at diagnosis and 20% with recurrent disease. Prognosis has been regarded as poor, but recent success of treatment with curative intend combining surgery with heated intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) are reported. The aim of study is to determine prognostic factors in a single center cohort. Methods: Patient eligibility criteria were peritoneal carcinomatosis without extra-abdominal disease in colon cancer (appendix cancer excluded), age up to 75 years. Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) assess tumor load and completeness cytoreductive score (CCS) was used to give quality of resection CC0 (no visible tumor), CC1 (persistent diffuse lesions < 2.5mm), CC2 (2.5mm< CC2 < 25mm ) and over CC3 status. Peritonectomies and organ resections are performed. HIPEC is added using Mitomycine C (12 mg/m2 for men and 10 mg/m2 for the women) at 42° C by open technique over 90 minutes. Endpoint was survival. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was fitted to the data. Cox’s regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis. Results: We have operated on 48 procedures (HIPEC) in 46 consecutive patients from January 2000 to June 2007. The mean age was 52.7 years old range [32–75]. The mean PCI was 10 range [1–21]. After completion of resection the allocation of CCS was CC0=34, CC1=11, CC2=2. Procedure related mortality was null and morbidity 21.7% The mean length of hospital stay was 18.6 days range [7–57]. 5 years overall and progression free survival were respectively 40% and 20%. Median overall survival and progression free survival were 51 months and 34.5 months. A multivariate analysis showed prognostic factors for survival. Number of areas involved (HR= 1.7 CI 95 [1.17–2.55] p<0.006), Peritoneal location was prognostic factor: right subphrenic space (HR= 1.7 CI 95 [1.17–2.55] p<0.006) and mesentery involvement (HR = 4.03 CI 95 [1.46–11.1] p<0.007). Conclusions: The chemo-hyperthermia is a standardized and reproducible feasible method. Less extensive disease and the quality of cytoreduction remain an independent factor of better outcome. To date, HIPEC is a curative treatment in peritoneal carcinomatosis from colorectal origin, allowing to expect 5 years survival rate of 40%. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Prognostic value of two clinical scores in patients with acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism
Authors: Marta Ferrer Galvan, Teresa Elías Hernández, Candela Caballero Eraso, Luis Jara Palomares, Leticia Garcia, Rosa Nieto, Remedios Otero Candelera, David Jimenez Castro
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Clinical models may accurately identify patients at low risk of overall death in the first month after diagnosis of PE; such patients might benefit from an abreviatted hospital stay or outpatient therapy.The aim of our study was to compare two scores (Spanish and PESI simplified-PESIs- scores) in an external cohort of patients with PE.   Methods:  Patients from two Spanish hospitals diagnosed with acute symptomatic PE were consecutively included. The primary study outcome was 30-day overall mortality. The secondary outcome was a composite endpoint based on 30-day mortality or recurrent thromboembolism or major bleeding. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, Predictive values and Likelihood ratios in both scores for primary and secondary outcomes. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were assessed for both scores.   Results:  The study included 1574 patients.861 were women (58%). The mean age was 67 years. The Spanish score classifed 59% of patients at low risk and PESIs score only 29%. The NPV was significantly higher for PESIs scale considering primary and the secondary outcomes. There was no significant differences in the area under the curve of both scores.   Conclusions:  Sensitivity results in both scores are higher but PESIs score is slightly superior to Spanish score.  PESIs score would have more acceptability due to better sensitivity and easy applicability.
The IASLC Lung Cancer Staging Project: Proposals for Revision of the M Descriptors in the Forthcoming (Seventh) Edition of the TNM Classification of Lung Cancer
Authors: Pieter E. Postmus, Elisabeth Brambilla, Kari Chansky, John Crowley, Peter Goldstraw, Edward F. Patz, Hiroyasu Yokomise
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Abstract 13991: Long-Term Effects of Autologous Transplantation of Immature Erythroblasts in Patients With Severe Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: masato oda, Takuya Ozawa, Ken Toba, Kiminori Kato, Tsugumi Takayama, Takao Yanagawa, Noboru Ikarashi, Tomoyasu Suzuki, Haruo Hanawa, Yoshifusa Aizawa
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Efficacy of angiogenesis therapy using bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMNCs) implantation in peripheral artery disease has been reported. We have recently found that immature erythrobla...
US neurosurgeon deliberately botched spine operations, prosecutors allege
Authors: Owen Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

A US neurosurgeon is accused of leaving a trail of death and disability after botching spine operations in what prosecutors allege were deliberate attacks on his patients.

“I am ready to leave the love and kindness and goodness and patience that I mix with everything else that I am and become a cold blooded killer.” This extract from a rambling email sent to an employee in 2011 was cited as evidence of the state of mind of Christopher Duntsch shortly before he performed a string of badly botched operations at Baylor Regional Medical Center in Plano, Texas and in other north Texas hospitals.

Duntsch is accused of deliberately leaving a sponge in one patient that caused infection, deliberately inserting excessively long spinal screws in another, cutting a major vein, and needlessly dissecting a patient’s esophagus. …
GP admits overprescribing painkillers to patients on rehabilitation wards
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A GP admitted prescribing “potentially hazardous” doses of painkilling drugs to elderly patients on the first day of a fitness to practise hearing at the General Medical Council this week.

Jane Barton is accused of overprescribing and other failings in her treatment of 12 patients at Gosport War Memorial Hospital in Hampshire, when she was a part time clinical assistant at the hospital between 1996 and 1999.

Patients were left in “drug induced comas” after overprescriptions of painkillers and sedatives, Tom …
Network-based assessment of sleep apnea syndrome treatment response
Authors: Alexandru Topirceanu, Mihai Udrescu, Ana Muresan, Stefan Mihaicuta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Objectives. To predict the response to CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) treatment on patients with risk of OSA (Obstructive Sleep Apnea) based on the multiple network connections of risk factors in a relevant population (Mihaicuta et. al, ERJ Sept. 2013, pp.407s).

Methods. A database of 1598 patients (145 with one-night CPAP therapy) from Timisoara “Victor Babes” Hospital (2005-2013) was used to define a methodology inspired by the Network Medicine approach. Patients represent nodes and are linked if there is a risk compatibility between them. Compatibility exists if the two nodes have at least 4 out of 6 identical parameters: gender, age group, blood pressure, obesity (BMI), neck circumference, and Epworth scale.

Results. Four distinct clusters emerge from the network analysis, defining distinct patterns of response towards CPAP treatment

![Figure][1] 



. These prove that only patients with a large neck circumference have a good CPAP treatment response. Thus, men with a normal sized neck, and women in general, are less responsive to CPAP treatment, even if overall healthier (no HTA, obesity), the responsiveness dropping from >90% to 70%.

Conclusion. Measuring simple parameters and using the Network Medicine approach has brought into light a very simple yet important prerequisite of CPAP treatment for OSA patients. This also raises the need for developing other procedures of treatment for patients who fit in the non-responsive compatibility clusters.

 [1]: pending:yes
Neurotoxins that act selectively on voltage-dependent cardiac calcium channels.
Authors: Brown Am, Yatani A, Lacerda Ae, Gurrola Gb, Possani Ld
Journal: Circulation Research (1987)

We searched for and found a toxin that acts specifically on cardiac calcium channels. This toxin, which we have designated TaiCatoxin (TCX), was purified from the venom of the Australian Taipan snake (Oxyuranus s. scutellatus), one of the world's most poisonous snakes. TCX is a highly charged, basic polypeptide with a molecular weight of 8,000. It blocks high- but not low-threshold cardiac calcium channels in a voltage-dependent manner and has no effect on potassium or sodium channels. The block occurs at nanomolar concentrations, is reversible, and is due to binding at an extracellularly facing site on the channel itself.
Early growth and the risk of childhood asthma: A meta-analysis of 147,000 European children
Authors: A.M.M. Sonnenschein-van der Voort, L.R. Arends, J.C. de Jongste, I. Annesi-Maesano, H. Barros, M. Basterrechea, H. Bisgaard, L. Chatzi, E. Corpeleijn, S. Correia, L.C. Craig, G. Devereux, V. Di Gregori, C.M. Dogaru, M. Dostal, K. Duchen, M. Eggesbo, C.K. van der Ent, M.P. Fantini, F. Forastiere, U. Frey, U. Gehring, A.C. van der Gugten, W. Hanke, A.J. Henderson, B. Heude, C. Iñiguez, H.M. Inskip, T. Keil, C.C. Kelleher, M. Kogevinas, E. Kreiner-Moller, C.E. Kuehni, L.K. Küpers, K. Lancz, P.S. Larsen, S. Lau, J. Ludvigsson, M. Mommers, A.M. Nybo Andersen, L. Palkovicova, K.C. Pike, C. Pizzi, K. Polanska, D. Porta, L. Richiardi, G. Roberts, A. Schmidt, R.J. Sram, J. Sunyer, C. Thijs, M. Torrent, K. Viljoen, A.H. Wijga, M. Vrijheid, V.W.V. Jaddoe, L. Duijts
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background Low birth weight, preterm birth and rapid infant growth seem to be associated with increased risks of childhood asthma. We examined the association of birth and infant growth characteristics with the risks of preschool wheezing and school age asthma using data from 147,252 subjects of 31 European cohort studies.  Methods Studies were eligible if they included children from 1989 onwards, had information on at least gestational age and weight at birth, and preschool wheezing (1-4 years) or school-age asthma (5-10 years). Adjusted pooled odds ratios (OR) from random effect models were calculated, and ORs from individual participant data were used to assess the combined effect of birth weight and gestational age.  Results Compared with term birth, preterm birth (  Conclusions Preterm birth and higher infant weight gain, but not low birth weight, are associated with increased risks of wheezing and asthma in childhood.
Human norepinephrine metabolism
Authors: Stanley E. Gitlow, Milton Mendlowitz, Laura M. Bertani, Sherwin Wilk, Elizabeth K. Wilk
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

It has become increasingly apparent that evaluation of human norepinephrine metabolism simply by assay of catecholamines in urine is inadequate for differentiation of many physiological or pathological states. In an attempt to examine norepinepherine metabolism in the human subject, tritium-labeled d,l-norepinephrine was administered to 11 normal adults and the definitive turnover rates and relative specific activities of norepinephrine and its major catabolites, vanillylmandelic acid, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylethyleneglycol, and normetanephrine, as well as the cumulative 24 hr isotope excretion were determined. The major endogenous norepinephrine catabolites were also quantitatively assayed. In order to verify the reliability of the isotope label, parallel studies were carried out in two patients to whom norepinephrine-(14)C was administered. Metabolic studies were repeated after the administration of reserpine to gain further insight into the distribution of the label.All studies demonstrated a consistent difference between the relative specific activities of the amines and their deaminated congeners, thereby indicating an uneven distribution of the labeled material. The marked decrease in the relative specific activities of the deaminated catabolites after the administration of reserpine showed that the present experimental technique succeeded in labeling, though to a limited extent, the storage or reserpine-releasable pool. A dose of reserpine known to interfere with sympathetic activity but failing to elicit a change in excretion of endogenous catecholamine catabolites, nonetheless resulted in a marked abnormality in the metabolic handling of labeled norepinephrine. It is anticipated that such studies may not only be of value in measuring sympathetic activity in the intact human subject during physiologic variations and pathologic states associated with abnormalities in catecholamine metabolism, but may serve as a technique whereby drugs that affect human norepinephrine metabolism may undergo precise pharmacologic evaluation.
Statistical reporting in randomized controlled trials from the dermatology literature: a review of 44 dermatology journals
Authors: M. McClean, J.I. Silverberg
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

The validity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is determined by several statistical factors.To determine the level of recent statistical reporting in RCTs from the dermatology literature.We searched MEDLINE for all RCTs published between 1 May 2013 and 1 May 2014 in 44 dermatology journals.Two hundred and ten articles were screened, of which 181 RCTs from 27 journals were reviewed. Primary study outcomes were met in 122 (67.4%) studies. Sample size calculations and beta values were reported in 52 (28.7%) and 48 (26.5%) studies, respectively, and nonsignificant findings were supported in only 31 (17.1%). Alpha values were reported in 131 (72.4%) of studies with 45 (24.9%) having two-sided P-values, although adjustment for multiple statistical tests was performed in only 16 (9.9% of studies with ≥ two statistical tests performed). Sample size calculations were performed based on a single outcome in 44 (86.3%) and multiple outcomes in six (11.8%) studies. However, among studies that were powered for a single primary outcome, 20 (45.5%) made conclusions based on multiple primary outcomes. Twenty-one (41.2%) studies relied on secondary/unspecified outcomes. There were no differences for primary outcome being met (Chi-square, P = 0.29), sample size calculations (P ≥ 0.55), beta values (P = 0.89), alpha values (P = 0.65), correction for multiple statistical testing (P = 0.59), two-sided alpha (P = 0.64), support of nonsignificant findings (Fisher's exact, P = 0.23) based on the journal's impact factor.Levels of statistical reporting are low in RCTs from the dermatology literature. Future work is needed to improve these levels of reporting.
Single-Dose Treatment of Enterobiasis: Use of New Piperazine Senna Preparation
Authors: J T Ragan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

A preparation combining piperazine and senna was clinically tested among 31 families in which at least one member was found to be positive for enterobiasis by the customary cellophane-tape anal smear technique. The diagnostic smears were positive for 58 of those tested. Following a single dose of piperazine-senna mixture, all patients were cleared of the infestation as determined by the customary criteria for cure. In six patients in two families, reinfestation occurred in two to three months after the first administration. All were again cleared with one dose of the mixture. Side effects were insignificant and transient. One 4-year-old child vomited, but an hour later ingested a second dose without incident. The preparation was palatable and easily administered.
Airspace dimension test (ADT): A novel technique for diagnosis of the peripheral lung
Authors: Jakob Löndahl, Jonas Jakobsson, Tobias Andersson, Per Wollmer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Emphysema, i.e. breakdown of lung tissue, is a common manifestation of COPD. Emphysema leads to enlargements of the peripheral airspaces that are difficult to observe with conventional spirometry. The deposition probability of inhaled airborne nanoparticles is essentially determined by the dimensions of the peripheral airspaces. This work describes a novel technique, Airspace Dimension Test (ADT), for diagnosis of emphysema with aerosolized nanoparticles.

The instrument, shown in the Figure, consists of three main parts: 1) aerosol generation and conditioning, 2) inhalation system and 3) particle detection and analysis. The deposition of nanoparticles in the peripheral lung is measured by comparison of the inhaled and exhaled particle concentrations. A pre-defined breathing pattern was used.

![Figure][1] 



The instrument was characterized and tested for sensitivity regarding changes in particle size, diffusion time and inter-subject variability on a group of seven young, healthy volunteers. The results were compared with values calculated from an in silico lung deposition model.

The deposition fraction increased with increased breath-hold time and decreased particle size as is expected according to diffusion theory. The inter-subject variability was significantly larger than the measurement uncertainty. The measured values were in accordance with theory and could thus be expected to correlate with the dimensions of the peripheral airspaces.

 [1]: pending:yes
Tricyclic dose requirements across pregnancy
Authors: Katherine L. Wisner, James M. Perel, Susan B. Wheeler
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1993)

In a series of eight pregnant women, the authors found that the doses of tricyclic antidepressants required to achieve remission of symptoms and adequate serum levels increased during the second half of pregnancy. During the final trimester, the mean dose required was 1.6 times the mean dose required when the patients were not pregnant.
Magnetic resonance imaging evidence for a defect of cerebral cortical development in autism
Authors: J Piven, M L Berthier, S E Starkstein, E Nehme, G Pearlson, S Folstein
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1990)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were performed on 13 high-functioning male autistic subjects and 13 male nonautistic control subjects comparable in age and nonverbal IQ. Scans were rated for the presence of cerebral cortical malformations. Five autistic subjects had polymicrogyria, one had schizencephaly and macrogyria, and one had macrogyria. None of the control subjects had abnormalities of this type. These abnormalities result from a defect in the migration of neurons to the cerebral cortex during the first 6 months of gestation. The detection of these malformations by MRI, their pathogenesis, and the implications regarding the pathogenesis of autism are discussed.
Borderline pneumonia patients may benefit from intensive care, study finds
Authors: Jacqui Wise
Journal: BMJ (2015)

Admission of older, low risk patients with pneumonia to intensive care is associated with reduced mortality without a considerable increase in costs, research published in JAMA has shown.1 The researchers said that the findings contradicted moves to reduce intensive care unit (ICU) admissions to contain healthcare costs.

Observational studies have previously shown that greater use of ICUs does not achieve better outcomes, but those results …
Assessing the risk of tuberculosis infection in a vulnerable population group (ethnicity rrome) in a TB endemic population
Authors: Gheorghe Nini, Adriana Socaci, Erdin Borgazi, Maria-Cristina Nini
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  High incidence of tuberculosis in our country is related primarily to a reduced standard of living for a part of the population nationwide, including a large segment of the population by ethnic group rrome.   Aims:  This study analyzes the prevalence of TB infection in vulnerable population groups, in an area with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (138%000), where BCG vaccination is mandatory.   Methods:  A prospective study of detection of TB infection in the rrome community fom the west of the country (Adrad and Timis), from July 2009-December 2010.   Results:  Of 1417 persons who underwent tuberculin skin test (TST) to detect latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), 700 persons (49,40%) had positive TST results. 73.42% the study participants had no BCG scar present in where BCG vaccination is mandatory in our country. 51.43% of those with positive TST were men. 71,20% had recently tb contact.   Conclusion:  Considering the fact that TB in our country is a major public health problem in a vulnerable population group (ethnicity rrome) should be applied consistently screening to identify latent tuberculosis infection.
Coronary calcifications predict cardiovascular events in renal transplant recipients
Authors: Séverine Henrard, Pauline Nguyen, Emmanuel Coche, Eric Goffin, Annie Robert, Olivier Devuyst, Michel Jadoul
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Body: Coronary arteries calcifications (CAC) independently predict cardiovascular events (CVE) in the general population.Whether this applies to renal transplant recipients (RTR) is unknown. This prospective study assessed the prognostic impact of CAC on cardiovascular mortality and all CVE in RTR. Methods: We followed a previously described cohort of 281 prevalent RTR (P.Nguyen AmJNephrol2007). At baseline, 16-slice chest spiral CT scan was performed and classical and CKD-related risk factors were recorded. Major CVE (MCVE) was defined as cardiac death, infarction, stroke or TIA. All CVE (ACVE) included MCVE and revascularizations. Prognostic factors were assessed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Results: During 2.4+-0.2 years follow-up, patients died from cardiac (n=8) or non cardiac causes (n=8). Thirty-one RTR developed at least one CVE (cardiac n=15, peripheral n=12, cerebrovascular n=4). Two-year cardiac survival and ACVE-free survival was 97.9% and 90.3% respectively. Log-scaled CAC was the only independent predictor of cardiac mortality (HR = 9.3 [2.0 44.4], p < 0.01). C-reactive protein serum level was the only independent predictor of MCVE. Multivariate predictors of ACVE were a higher log-scaled CAC (HR = 2.0 [1.2 3.3], p < 0.01) and a history of CVE (HR = 3.1 [1.3 7.5], p = 0.01).
Visual Fields at Follow-up in the Ischemic Optic Neuropathy Decompression Trial
Authors: Roberta W. Scherer, Steven E. Feldon, Lori Levin, Patricia Langenberg, Joanne Katz, Penelope M. Keyl, P. David Wilson, Shalom E. Kelman, Kay Dickersin
Journal: Ophthalmology (2008)
DNA sequence diversity in a 9.7-kb region of the human lipoprotein lipase gene
Authors: Deborah A. Nickerson, Scott L. Taylor, Kenneth M. Weiss, Andrew G. Clark, Richard G. Hutchinson, Jari Stengård, Veikko Salomaa, Erkki Vartiainen, Eric Boerwinkle, Charles F. Sing
Journal: Nature Genetics (1998)