tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Establishment and characterization of human anal canal carcinoma cell line (SaTM-1) derived from lymphnode metastasis
Authors: Akihiko Takeda, Hiroyoshi Iseki, Yasushi Okazaki, Isamu Koyama
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

B67   Many human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines have been developed. However, anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell line has not yet been reported because this disease is uncommon. We have first established human anal canal SCC cell line designated SaTM-1 from primary culture of inguinal lymph node metastasis. Six sublines were cloned and isolated from SaTM-1 parental cells by the limiting dilution method. These lines were designated as SaTM-1A, -1B, -1C, -1D, -1E and -1F and maintained for over 25 months. Immunohistochemical analysis of both original tumor tissue and established culture cells showed cytokeratin-5 and p63 expression suggesting the characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma in all sublines. Their biological characteristics were studied including morphology, determination of doubling time, chemosensitivity to 5-Fu and CDDP, gene expression of growth factors and immunoblotting of proteins associated with lymphangiogenesis, and growth as xenograft in immunodeficient mice. All sublines were proliferated in multiple layers and observed adhesive and floating properties with an average doubling time of 24.5 hours. Cytotoxic effect of 5-Fu against all sublines were almost similar, although those of CDDP showed different behavior, such as the IC 50  of SaTM-1F cells for CDDP were 2.5-fold higher than SaTM-1B cells. They expressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and their receptors, such as VEGF-A, -B, VEGFR-1, -R3 and EGFR were expressed in all sublines, whereas VEGF-D and EGF were all not detected. Immunofluorescene analysis demonstrated SaTM-1A, -1B, -1D and -1F cells express Prox-1 and Podoplanin as lymphangiogenesis specific markers. SaTM-1 cells form tumor easily by subcutaneous injection, resulting that all sublines had tumorigenic property in immunodeficent mice.  We first report the successful establishment and characterization of new anal canal SCC cell line SaTM-1, which may provide a beneficial cellular resource for investigating the biological behavior of human anal canal SCC.
Measles outbreak in an anthroposophic community in The Hague, The Netherlands, June-July 2008
Authors: E van Velzen, E de Coster, R van Binnendijk, S Hahné
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

An ongoing outbreak of measles linked to anthroposophic communities in The Hague, The Netherlands has been identified since mid-June 2008. Thirty-four cases have been reported until 25 July. In addition, two cases have been reported in other cities (Leiderdorp and Utrecht). Both are epidemiologically linked to the cluster in The Hague.
Ethnic and sex differences in selection for admission to medical school
Authors: D. Roskell, B. Rushforth, J. L Chen, S. Kinra, D. James, L. Driver
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—It seems naive to suggest that Nottingham Medical School's selection process avoids discrimination.1 Academic ability is scored as pass or fail, whereas a questionnaire about work experience, extracurricular activities, and positions of responsibility is scored quantitatively, as are the applicant's and referee's statements and interview. This process is presumably based on the idea that doctors need only a minimum academic ability. It would be equally true that potential doctors need only an acceptable level of achievement in extracurricular activities, positions of responsibility, and the other factors that are highly rated.

A questionnaire on work experience, extracurricular activities, etc might measure some objective markers of suitability, but the required answers could probably be inferred from the questions and suitable experience could be arranged if it seemed necessary. Students from less privileged backgrounds have less opportunity to develop skills in sport or music or to gain voluntary work experience. Equally, while candidates who have been given awards and positions of responsibility would be ranked highly, putting great weight on this may only perpetuate unfair discrimination that has been made by others.

Medicine encompasses a huge range of careers; our numbers include leaders and followers, workhorses and creative thinkers, the quietly compliant and the revolutionary. We need to recruit a similarly wide range of students, including the academically excellent.

Of course potential medical students need communication skills; extracurricular interests probably reflect a balanced personality; and it is useful to have some knowledge of the health service before applying to study medicine. But to attempt to quantify these things and discount academic achievement ignores one of the few objective criteria we have. Academic ability must, like everything else, be interpreted in the context of the applicant's background, and it will rarely be the overwhelming factor in selection.

The Nottingham approach risks two things. Firstly, well organised schools will see that any potential medical student is sent for work experience in hospital, put in a sports team, made secretary of the debating society, coached in interview skills, told what to write in the personal statement on the application form, and given a glowing reference. Secondly, we may populate our medical schools with affable clones, all of whom are quite good at sport and will go on to make very ordinary doctors. Given the subjectivity of assessing the factors that Nottingham holds paramount, regardless of what numbers are attached, surely there is room to give a little credit for academic excellence.
Cost effectiveness of screening for and eradication of Helicobacter pylori in young patients with dyspepsia
Authors: G H Hall, T K Daneshmend, A P Round, R Ayres
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Cost effectiveness of screening for and eradication of Helicobacter pylori in young patients with dyspepsia Analysis is easier with spreadsheets than decision trees EDITOR,-A H Briggs et al provide an interesting perspective on the problem of what best to do for people with dyspepsia.'Clarification would be
Celebrating the ACP Centennial: From the <i>Annals</i> Archive—Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Deborah Cotton
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

Editorials15 September 2015Celebrating the ACP Centennial: From the Annals Archive—Ankylosing SpondylitisDeborah Cotton, MD, MPHDeborah Cotton, MD, MPHSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/M15-1638 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail During the 2015 centennial year of the American College of Physicians, publisher of Annals of Internal Medicine, Annals editors will link an article in each issue with an earlier paper from our archives addressing the same disease or clinical question. We hope our readers find this interesting and we welcome comments, especially from physicians who were practicing at the time of publication of the original paper who might offer insight into the impact of the earlier paper on their knowledge or practice.In this issue, Haroon and colleagues (1) report the results of a population-based study of ankylosing spondylitis and ...References1. Haroon NN, Paterson JM, Li P, Inman RD, Haroon N. Patients with ankylosing spondylitis have increased cardiovascular and cerebrovascular mortality.A population-based study. Ann Intern Med. 2015;163:409-16. doi:10.7326/M14-2470 LinkGoogle Scholar2. Khan MA. Patient–doctor. Ann Intern Med. 2000;133:233-235. [PMID: 10906841] doi:10.7326/0003-4819-133-3-200008010-00018 LinkGoogle Scholar3. Khan MA. Update on spondyloarthropathies. Ann Intern Med. 2002;136:896-907. [PMID: 12069564] doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-12-200206180-00011 LinkGoogle Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Deborah Cotton, MD, MPHAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPatients With Ankylosing Spondylitis Have Increased Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Mortality Nisha Nigil Haroon , J. Michael Paterson , Ping Li , Robert D. Inman , and Nigil Haroon Metrics 15 September 2015Volume 163, Issue 6Page: 472KeywordsAnkylosing spondylitisArchivesCoronary angioplastyForecastingGenetic diseasesMortalityNecrosisRheumatologySpondylitisSurgery ePublished: 15 September 2015 Issue Published: 15 September 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 1114: Deregulation of MicroRNAs in the Heart of c-kit-Defective Mice
Authors: Toru Hosoda, Saori Yasuzawa-Amano, Katsuya Amano, Alessandro Boni, Konrad Urbanek, Francesca Delucchi, Michael L Arcarese, Arantxa Gonzalez Miqueo, Robert W Siggins, Yu Misao, Nicole J LeCapitaine, Federico Mosna, Edmund H Sonnenblick, Jan Kajstura, Roberto Bolli, Piero Anversa, Annarosa Leri
Journal: Circulation (2007)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a family of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by repressing mRNA function at the post-transcriptional level. Recently, the involvement of miRNAs in the modulation of cardiac function has been described in vivo in the developing and adult heart. Whether miRNAs play an important role in the control of the growth and differentiation of c-kit-positive cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) is currently unknown. Therefore, two transgenic mouse models characterized by defects in the c-kit receptor or its ligand, stem cell factor (SCF), were studied in combination with wild-type littermates. The first one has a spontaneous point mutation of the c-kit receptor in one allele (W V ) coupled with an amino acid deletion in the other allele (W); and the second has a complete deletion of the SCF gene locus in one allele (Sl) and deletion of the membrane-bound ligand in the other (Sl d ). The ventricular myocardium of transgenic and non-transgenic mice was analyzed with respect to miRNA expression by microarray. We have identified three miRNAs that showed an extremely high level of expression in the heart of transgenic and non-transgenic animals: miR-150, miR-451 and miR-805. These miRNAs have not been described previously in the myocardium and were consistently upregulated in the heart of wild-type mice; a 1.4 –1.8-fold difference was found with respect to transgenic animals. The major difference was detected for miR-150. So far, this miRNA was considered to be restricted to hematopoietic progenitors. Surveying the predicted targets of miR-150, we identified a cluster of genes involved in cell proliferation that were expected to be upregulated in W/W V and Sl/Sl d mice: Akt3, ELK1, FOXP1, Pim-1, IGF-1, Myb and PA2G4. Consistently, W/W V mice showed a two-fold or larger mRNA and protein levels for genes implicated in cell cycle progression. A similar analysis was not possible for miR-451 and miR-805 since the predicted targets of these miRNAs remain to be recognized. In conclusion, a novel miRNA critical for hematopoiesis has been identified in the heart and this miRNA is downregulated when defects of c-kit signaling are present.
Abstract P379: Adiposity Tracking and Its Heritability: A Longitudinal Study of Rural Chinese Children and Adolescents
Authors: Lester M Arguelles, Fengxiu Ouyang, Xiping Xu, Xiaobin Wang
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Objectives: Examine adiposity tracking and estimate its heritability in a large prospective cohort of pre-pubertal and pubertal rural Chinese children. Methods: This report included 1317 children and adolescents from the Anqing region of China, aged 6 to 18 years at baseline, who also completed follow-up visit 6 years later. Anthropometric measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), total body fat (TBF), percent body fat (%BF), trunk fat (TRF), and percent trunk fat (%TRF). Adiposity measures were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Locally weighted nonparametric smoothing function (SAS LOESS, SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA) were used to describe (1) “tracking” of adiposity measurements from baseline to 6-year follow-up, and (2) gender differences in the growth of adiposity measurements across age. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the heritability of tracking using the software Mx. Results: All anthropometric measures, except for %TRF, tracked significantly from baseline to follow-up in both genders. The middle baseline tertile, in general, had the lowest degree of tracking. Subjects in a high baseline tertile for BMI, TBF, %TBF, WC, and TRF were significantly more likely to be in the high tertile of TBF, %TBF, TRF at the follow-up. There was no good predictor for %TRF. Gender and pubertal status did not affect tracking, for TBF in females, and WC in the older age-group. The genetic correlation of BMI=0.60 (0.46-0.72); TBF=0.43 (0.29-0.55); %TBF=0.37 (0.23-0.50); WC=0.35 (0.11-0.56); TR=0.41 (0.27-0.54); and %TR=0.33 (0.07-0.59). Conclusion: The strong tracking of adiposity measures in this pediatric population underscores the importance of closely monitoring individuals with high BMI or adiposity over time; those in the medium tertile should also be monitored for upward trend due to their “mobility”. Only BMI showed a strong genetic correlation between baseline and followup, suggesting that environmental changes can influence adiposity depots. Our data raises the possibility that individuals at risk of adult obesity can be identified at early age so that early intervention can be initiated to prevent or mitigate obesity and related complications.
Differential response of transglutaminases to hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in invasive and non-invasive human prostate cancer cells
Authors: Wen G. Jiang, Gaynor Davies, Malcolm D. Mason, Richard J. Ablin
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004

5033 

Transglutaminases (TGases) have been reported to play a regulatory role in the extracellular matrix (ECM) in cell adhesion and migration of cancer cells. Levels of TGases are also aberrant in patients with cancer and associated with clinical outcome. The current study examined the regulation of expression of TGases in response to a pro-cancer cytokine, HGF, in a panel of highly invasive and non-invasive prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Invasive PCa cell lines PC-3 and DU145, low and non-invasive PCa cell lines CA-HPV and PNT2C2 were used. Expression of TGases and HGF receptor were assessed using quantitative PCR. Adhesion to and migration over ECM, in response to HGF, were investigated using a matrix adhesion and computer-assisted cell migration assays, respectively. The statistical analysis was by the Student’s t test and ANOVA. All cells expressed HGF receptor. PC-3 and DU145 exhibited increased levels of prostate TGase (TGase-4) and TGase-5, following stimulation with HGF. In contrast, the low invasive PCa cells showed a reduction of both TGases in response to HGF. The increased expression of TGases-4 and –5 in PC-3 and DU145 cells was accompanied by an increase in their adhesion to matrix (10.7±2.4 in control vs. 23.6±5.6 with HGF for DU145, p=0.01, and 51.6±9.7 in control vs.101.5±23.3 for PC-3, p=0.02). The adhesion of CA-HPV and PNT2C2 cells to matrix did not significantly differ in response to HGF (p=0.39 and p=0.07, respectively). In cell migration analysis, the invasive DU145 cells migrated at a significantly higher speed in response to HGF (61.6±11.2 μm in control vs. 127.8±11.4 μm treated with HGF, p 0.05). Invasive and non-invasive PCa cells respond to HGF differently in their levels of TGases-4 and -5, echoed by the different migration and adhesion to matrix. The response may have predictive value in assessing cell invasiveness in PCa cells.
Outbreaks caused by parvovirus B19 in three Portuguese schools
Authors: G Gonçalves, A M Correia, P Palminha, H Rebelo de Andrade, A Alves
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2005)

This paper reports the study of outbreaks of an acute exanthematous disease among children of three schools in the municipality of Braga (Portugal). Laboratory tests were performed for five cases, showing that the disease was not due to infection by measles or rubella virus, and infection with parvovirus B19 was confirmed. There were 41 cases in children: 12 in the kindergarten, 17 in the secondary school and 12 in the primary school. There was only one case in a staff member, who worked in the kindergarten. Eight cases were identified among household contacts; two of them were brothers, one from the kindergarten and another from the secondary school, where the outbreak occurred after the kindergarten outbreak. The estimated values of the basic reproduction number R0 were very low and it is very likely that asymptomatic infectious cases have occurred. The local health authority produced written documents and met with staff members and parents. Primary healthcare facilities and the obstetric department of the local hospital were also informed. As we are approaching the elimination of measles in Portugal and the rest of Europe, with very high vaccine coverage, it is very likely that a high proportion of infectious non-vesicular exanthemas will be due to B19 infections. This is to be taken into account in the design and conduct of surveillance activities, in the context of measles and rubella elimination programmes.
Abstract 3717: Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products (RAGE) Plays an Integral Role in Non-Diabetic Atherosclerosis and Oxidized LDL Stimulation
Authors: Hironori Uekita, Toshiyuki Ishibashi, Masashi Shiomi, Koichi Sugimoto, Hiroshi Ohkawara, Masashi Kamioka, Shoichi Yamagishi, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: RAGE is a multifunctional receptor which identifies AGE, S100/calgranulins and HMGB-1 as the ligands. An AGE/RAGE axis plays a central role in the pathogenesis in diabetic vascular remodeling. However, the issue that hyperlipidemia associated with oxidized LDL mediates vascular responses via RAGE remains to be elucidated. In this study, we attempted to clarify the role of RAGE in non-diabetic atherosclerosis and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) stimulation. Methods and Results: We used the aortic and coronary atherosclerotic lesions of Watanabe heritable hyperlipidemic (WHHL) rabbits at ages of 1 to 14 months, which had high concentrations of serum ox-LDL independent of aging. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated the significant expression of RAGE as early as at age of 1 month with the stronger expression at 3 and 7 months, which was diminished at ages of 14 months. The major original sources of RAGE expression were macrophages and endothelial cells, as well as smooth muscle cells. The concentrations of serum AGE did not alter significantly with aging, while there was no difference in serum AGE level between WHHL rabbits and control New Zealand White rabbits. These data suggest the integral role of RAGE in the initiation and progression of non-diabetic atherosclerosis associated with hyperlipidemia. We further investigated the relevance of RAGE expression in a monocyte/macrophage lineage. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry and Western blotting showed the expression of RAGE on plasma membrane in isolated human peripheral monocytes, with the stronger expression in cultured monocyte-derived macrophages. Inhibition of RAGE by siRNA suppressed AGE-induced MCP-1, MMP-9 and PAI-1 expression in cultured human macrophages. Inhibition of RAGE did not significantly suppress the incorporation of DiI-labeled oxidized LDL in monocyte-derived macrophage by fluorescent study. However, oxidized LDL- triggered MCP-1, MMP-9 and PAI-1 expression was attenuated by inhibition of RAGE. Conclusions: Our in vivo and in vitro study shows that RAGE plays an integral role in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis independent of diabetes and that ox-LDL mediates vascular responses via RAGE.
Abstract 5842: Patients with an Elevated Proportion of Small, Dense LDL and a Lower Adiponectin Blood Level are at Higher Risk of Developing Early Bioprosthetic Valve Dysfunction
Authors: Rahul Shetty, Nicolas Girerd, Benoit Arsenault, Phillipe Pibarot, Dominique Fournier, Pierre Voisine, Eric Charbonneau, Jean P Després, Patrick Mathieu
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Long-term durability of bioprosthetic heart valves (BPs) is limited by structural valve degeneration (SVD) leading to stenosis and/or regurgitation. We recently reported that patients having the metabolic syndrome (MetS) have higher incidence of SVD. In this study, we sought to determine the metabolic markers associated with SVD. In a cohort of 240 patients with an aortic BP and a mean follow-up of 2.5± 1.2 years, we compared the blood lipid profile and LDL size in individuals who developed echocardiographic evidence of early BP hemodynamic dysfunction versus those who did not. BP dysfunction was defined as a mean annualized transprosthetic gradient of ≥3mmHg/year and or worsening of the transprosthetic regurgitation during the echocardiographic follow-up after valve implantation. Patients developing BP dysfunction (n= 63; 26%) had higher triglyceride (TG) levels (1.53± 0.08 mmol/L vs 1.29± 0.08 mmol/L; p= 0.01), proportion of small, dense LDL (%LDL&lt; 255Å) (46.87± 22.14 vs 40.29 ± 21.63; p= 0.08) and a tendency for having lower BP size (p= 0.05) as well as lower clearance of creatinine (p= 0.05) compared to those who had no evidence of BP dysfunction. On multivariate analysis, after adjustment for age, gender, BP size, and clearance of creatinine, the %LDL&lt; 255Å (p=.04) were significantly associated with BP dysfunction. In addition, patients having an elevated level of %LDL&lt; 255Å along with a decreased plasma Adiponectin level were at a very high risk of developing early BP hemodynamic dysfunction (O.R= 4.35; p= 0.01). BP dysfunction is significantly associated with the proportion of small, dense LDL. Patients having low Adiponectin levels and a high proportion of small, dense LDL are at very high risk of developing early signs of SVD. Interventions aiming at reducing the proportion of small, dense LDL particles and increasing plasma levels of Adiponectin may contribute to decrease incidence of SVD in BPs.
Abstract 1202: Telmisartan Inhibits Cd4-positive Lymphocyte Migration Independent Of The Angiotensin-2 Type 1 Receptor Via Ppar{gamma}
Authors: Daniel Walcher, Katharina Hess, Philipp Heinz, Kerstin Petscher, Dusica Vasic, Ulrich Kintscher, Markus Clemenz, Martin Hartge, Katrin Raps, Vinzenz Hombach, Nikolaus Marx
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Abstract 15869: Practical Clinical Risk Stratification for Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation after Pulmonary Vein Isolation- A Bayesian Approach
Authors: Ernst Wellnhofer, Charalampos Kriatselis, Sotirios Nedios, Jin-Hong Gerds-Li, Eckart Fleck, Michael Graefe
Journal: Circulation (2010)