tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Prevention of Radiocontrast-Agent–Induced Nephropathy by Hemofiltration
Authors: Giancarlo Marenzi, Ivana Marana, Gianfranco Lauri, Emilio Assanelli, Marco Grazi, Jeness Campodonico, Daniela Trabattoni, Franco Fabbiocchi, Piero Montorsi, Antonio L. Bartorelli
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2003)

Nephropathy induced by exposure to radiocontrast agents, a possible complication of percutaneous coronary interventions, is associated with significant in-hospital and long-term morbidity and mortality. Patients with preexisting renal failure are at particularly high risk. We investigated the role of hemofiltration, as compared with isotonic-saline hydration, in preventing contrast-agent-induced nephropathy in patients with renal failure.We studied 114 consecutive patients with chronic renal failure (serum creatinine concentration, >2 mg per deciliter [176.8 micromol per liter]) who were undergoing coronary interventions. We randomly assigned them to either hemofiltration in an intensive care unit (ICU) (58 patients, with a mean [+/-SD] serum creatinine concentration of 3.0+/-1.0 mg per deciliter [265.2+/-88.4 micromol per liter]) or isotonic-saline hydration at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour given in a step-down unit (56 patients, with a mean serum creatinine concentration of 3.1+/-1.0 mg per deciliter [274.0+/-88.4 micromol per liter]). Hemofiltration (fluid replacement rate, 1000 ml per hour without weight loss) and saline hydration were initiated 4 to 8 hours before the coronary intervention and were continued for 18 to 24 hours after the procedure was completed.An increase in the serum creatinine concentration of more than 25 percent from the base-line value after the coronary intervention occurred less frequently among the patients in the hemofiltration group than among the control patients (5 percent vs. 50 percent, P<0.001). Temporary renal-replacement therapy (hemodialysis or hemofiltration) was required in 25 percent of the control patients and in 3 percent of the patients in the hemofiltration group. The rate of in-hospital events was 9 percent in the hemofiltration group and 52 percent in the control group (P<0.001). In-hospital mortality was 2 percent in the hemofiltration group and 14 percent in the control group (P=0.02), and the cumulative one-year mortality was 10 percent and 30 percent, respectively (P=0.01).In patients with chronic renal failure who are undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions, periprocedural hemofiltration given in an ICU setting appears to be effective in preventing the deterioration of renal function due to contrast-agent-induced nephropathy and is associated with improved in-hospital and long-term outcomes.
Isolated relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia presenting as a gastric ulcer
Authors: Jean Roy, Gregory Vercellotti, Mary Fenderson, Amy Mulvahill, Dale Snover, Daniel Weisdorf
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract Isolated gastrointestinal (GI) infiltrate is unusual at presentation or relapse of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). We report a case of acute myelogenous leukemia (FAB‐M4) whose isolated relapse presented as a bleeding gastric ulcer. The patient was a 30‐year‐old male who had been diagnosed to have AML in June 1988. While in third complete remission, he underwent a sibling allogeneic HLA‐matched bone marrow transplant. Five months after transplantation, he was readmitted for pneumonia. While in the hospital, he had an episode of upper GI bleeding. The endoscopy revealed a leukemic gastric ulcer, with morphology and immunophenotyping identical to his initial AML. There was no evidence of leukemia in the blood or bone marrow. Although different types of leukemic infiltrates have been recognized at post‐mortem examination, our case is unique because AML presenting as an isolated malignant ulcer has not been described previously. We conclude that relapsing AML may present as an isolated gastric ulcer and suggest that any suspicious lesion on upper GI endoscopy should be biopsied after aggressive platelet support.
Megakaryocyte Potentiation Factor Cleaved from Mesothelin Precursor Is a Useful Tumor Marker in the Serum of Patients with Mesothelioma
Authors: Masanori Onda, Satoshi Nagata, Mitchell Ho, Tapan K. Bera, Raffit Hassan, Richard H. Alexander, Ira Pastan
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: To establish monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against megakaryocyte potentiation factor (MPF) and detect MPF in the blood of patients with mesothelioma. Experimental Design: Mice were immunized with a purified recombinant human MPF-rabbit-Fc fusion protein and with MPF. Several hybridomas producing mAbs to MPF were established. A double-determinant (sandwich) ELISA was constructed using mAbs to two different epitopes and used to determine if MPF is present in the serum of patients with mesothelioma. Results: We established seven anti-MPF mAbs whose topographical epitopes were classified into three nonoverlapping groups. All the mAbs reacted with recombinant MPF protein by ELISA. One of the mAbs detected MPF and the mesothelin precursor protein containing MPF in cell lysates on Western blotting. A sandwich ELISA using mAbs to two different epitopes was constructed and used to measure the presence of MPF in the media of various mesothelin-expressing cancer cell lines and in human serum. The ELISA showed that MPF levels were elevated in 91% (51 of 56) of patients with mesothelioma compared with healthy controls. Furthermore, serum MPF fell to normal levels in two patients after surgery for their peritoneal mesothelioma. Conclusions: Using new mAbs to MPF, we showed that MPF is secreted by several mesothelioma cell lines and is frequently elevated in the blood of patients with mesothelioma. Measurement of MPF may be useful in following the response of mesothelioma to treatment.
Private Health Care in Canada
Authors: Robert Steinbrook
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Interview with Michael McBane and Brian Day on the future of health care in Canada. (10:35)Download The hallmarks of Canada's government-funded universal health care system include the public provision of core physician and hospital services and the absence of copayments and other patient charges.1 The system is often championed as a reflection of Canadian values and as an alternative that the United States might emulate. In 2003, Canada's health care spending per capita was $3,003 — higher than that of some European countries and Japan but about half that of the United States (see table). Canada's spending as a proportion of gross domestic product has remained steady, while many other countries have been spending an increasing . . .
Noninvasive ventilation in severe stable COPD: is it effective, and if so, in what way?
Authors: M. L. Duiverman, F. M. Struik, P. J. Wijkstra
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2008)

Noninvasive ventilation in severe stable COPD: is it effective, and if so, in what way?To the Editors:We read with interest the systematic review of KOLODZIEJ et al.[1] about noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (NPPV) in severe stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).First of all, we would like to compliment the authors on their excellent review.It is extremely important that good-quality reviews are published in the field of NPPV in severe stable COPD.The development of new therapeutic options in these patients is increasingly being recognised as urgently needed [2].
Humoral Immune Response to a Therapeutic Polyvalent Cancer Vaccine After Complete Resection of Thick Primary Melanoma and Sentinel Lymphadenectomy
Authors: Mathew H. Chung, Rishab K. Gupta, Eddy Hsueh, Richard Essner, Wei Ye, Reynold Yee, Donald L. Morton
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

A therapeutic polyvalent cancer vaccine (Canvaxin vaccine; CancerVax Corp, Carlsbad, CA) induces antibodies to a glycoprotein tumor-associated antigen (TA90). However, endogenous immune responses to TA90 have also been reported. This study examined anti-TA90 antibody responses with respect to the survival of patients who received adjuvant vaccine immunotherapy after resection of thick (> or = 4 mm) primary cutaneous melanoma.Serum specimens were obtained from 54 patients immediately before and then 1, 2, 4, and 6 months after wide local excision of thick primary cutaneous melanoma and sentinel lymphadenectomy. All patients were offered adjuvant therapies with the vaccine, high-dose interferon, or other agents. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serial serum titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies against TA90. These titers were correlated with clinical course.Forty-three patients chose vaccine therapy, and 11 patients chose postoperative observation. Preoperative anti-TA90 IgG and IgM titers were similar for vaccine and observation groups (P =.184). At a median follow-up of 26 months, univariate analysis of Cox regression showed that disease-free survival and overall survival of vaccine patients were significantly correlated with maximal IgM response (P =.0006 and.006, respectively) but not with maximal IgG response (P =.73 and.95, respectively). Neither response predicted survival in the observation group.Postoperative vaccine therapy may enhance IgG and IgM immune responses to TA90 after surgical resection, but only the IgM response is correlated with improved survival. These findings may become useful to guide selection of patients for postoperative adjuvant therapy of high-risk melanoma.
Cancer Drug Offers Effective, Cheaper Option for AMD
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Nitric Oxide Synthase Genotype Modulation of Impulsivity and Ventral Striatal Activity in Adult ADHD Patients and Healthy Comparison Subjects
Authors: Martine Hoogman, Esther Aarts, Marcel Zwiers, Dorine Slaats-Willemse, Marlies Naber, Marten Onnink, Roshan Cools, Cornelis Kan, Jan Buitelaar, Barbara Franke
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2011)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable disorder. The NOS1 gene encoding nitric oxide synthase is a candidate gene for ADHD and has been previously linked with impulsivity. In the present study, the authors investigated the effect of a functional variable number of tandem repeats (VNTR) polymorphism in NOS1 (NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR) on the processing of rewards, one of the cognitive deficits in ADHD.A sample of 136 participants, consisting of 87 adult ADHD patients and 49 healthy comparison subjects, completed a reward-related impulsivity task. A total of 104 participants also underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during a reward anticipation task. The effect of the NOS1 exon 1f-VNTR genotype on reward-related impulsivity and reward-related ventral striatal activity was examined.ADHD patients had higher impulsivity scores and lower ventral striatal activity than healthy comparison subjects. The association between the short allele and increased impulsivity was confirmed. However, independent of disease status, homozygous carriers of the short allele of NOS1, the ADHD risk genotype, demonstrated higher ventral striatal activity than carriers of the other NOS1 VNTR genotypes.The authors suggest that the NOS1 genotype influences impulsivity and its relation with ADHD is mediated through effects on this behavioral trait. Increased ventral striatal activity related to NOS1 may be compensatory for effects in other brain regions.
Agranulocytosis associated with Maloprim
Authors: M Herbertson, R H Robson
Journal: BMJ (1983)

Agranulocytosis associated with MaloprimSIR,-The report by Dr G Friman and others (16 April, p 244) of the association of agranulocytosis with malaria prophylaxis using Malo- prim (dapsone 100 mg and pyrimethamine 12 5 mg) prompts us to record a similar case.A 52 year old English woman, who had previously been in good health, was referred to us by Dr D Gorst of Lancaster Royal Infirmary.She presented with a four day history of sore throat, fever, and headache, developing 10 days after her return from South Africa.While there she had been well but had taken Maloprim, one tablet twice weekly, during her six week stay, continuing with the same dose on her return.She had taken no other drugs.Full blood count showed a haemo- globin concentration of 11-2 g/dl, a platelet count of 395 x 109/1, and a white blood cell count of 0-9X 109/1.Bone marrow aspirate showed a total absence of granulopoietic cells with normal erythropoiesis, increased megakaryocytes, and increased plasma cells (450/).She died two weeks later of overwhelming septicaemia.Pseudomonas sp was cultured from the blood on three separate occasions.
THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT OF SKIN ON ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED MILIARIA RUBRA AND HYPOHIDROSIS
Authors: M. A. STILLMAN, T. C. HINDSON, H. I. MAIBACH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1971)

Journal Article THE EFFECT OF PRETREATMENT OF SKIN ON ARTIFICIALLY INDUCED MILIARIA RUBRA AND HYPOHIDROSIS Get access M. A. STILLMAN, M. A. STILLMAN Letterman Army Institute of Research, Letterman General Hospital, San Francisco, California, and Department of Dermatology, University of California Medical Centre, San Francisco, California, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. C. HINDSON, T. C. HINDSON Letterman Army Institute of Research, Letterman General Hospital, San Francisco, California, and Department of Dermatology, University of California Medical Centre, San Francisco, California, U.S.A Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. I. MAIBACH H. I. MAIBACH Letterman Army Institute of Research, Letterman General Hospital, San Francisco, California, and Department of Dermatology, University of California Medical Centre, San Francisco, California, U.S.A Requests for reprints should be addressed to Dr Maibach, Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 84, Issue 2, 1 February 1971, Pages 110–116, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1971.tb06852.x Published: 01 February 1971 Article history Accepted: 23 September 1970 Published: 01 February 1971
Wide inequities in health are hidden in urban settings, says report
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Health policies in most rapidly urbanising countries remain dominated by disease focused solutions that ignore the social and physical environment, such as the informal urban settlements and slums that are home to about a billion of the world’s poor people, says a joint report from the United Nations and the World Health Organization.

As a result, health problems persist, inequities have increased, and interventions have produced less than optimal results, it notes.

The report says that urban expansion, with seven in 10 people in the world forecast to be living in cities by 2050, will pose major challenges for public health in the years ahead.

Margaret Chan, WHO’s director general, told a forum on urbanisation and health in …
Biosimilars: what clinicians should know
Authors: Martina Weise, Marie-Christine Bielsky, Karen De Smet, Falk Ehmann, Niklas Ekman, Thijs J. Giezen, Iordanis Gravanis, Hans-Karl Heim, Esa Heinonen, Kowid Ho, Alexandre Moreau, Gopalan Narayanan, Nanna A. Kruse, Gabriele Reichmann, Robin Thorpe, Leon van Aerts, Camille Vleminckx, Meenu Wadhwa, Christian K. Schneider
Journal: Blood (2012)
Operational Diagnostic Approaches in the Assessment of Defense Mechanisms
Authors: W. Ehlers, R. Hettinger, G. Paar
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1995)

A model for the operationalization of empirical research of defense mechanisms is presented. Measures for operationalized defense diagnoses are discussed against the background of a cognitive model of different coding of information channels (linguistic and perceptual coding). Studies for the operationalized diagnoses in the clinical assessment of defense mechanism are discussed for the identification of the defense mechanism, reliability of rating procedures, and the prognostic aspects in psychotherapy and psychosomatics. The regulation of defense on different levels of a hierarchy of complex systems of variables is demonstrated with paradigmatic results.
The Relation of Leukotrienes to Liver Injury
Authors: Dietrich Keppler, Wolfgang Hagmann, Stephan Rapp, Claudio Denzlinger, Herbert K. Koch
Journal: Hepatology (1985)

The recent elucidation of chemical structures, metabolism and biological actions of the leukotriene constituents of slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis (LTC,, LTD, and LTE,) and of the chemotactic leukotriene LTB, contributes to an improved understanding of disease processes and therapeutic interventions.This is evident in view of the potent cardiovascular and proinflammatory actions of the leukotrienes (1-8).The liver plays an important role in the uptake of the amino acidsubstituted leukotrienes LTC,, LTD, and LTE, from the circulation and in their biliary elimination (9-11).This hepatobiliary elimination is impaired in cholestasis (1 1, 12).Moreover, leukotrienes may be key mediators in inflammatory liver diseases (12).An overview of leukotriene synthesis, catabolism, actions and analyses is given before discussion of the relation of leukotrienes to liver injury.
Abstract 4367: Differential contribution of chromatin remodeling complex components to the protection from cytotoxic stress.
Authors: Miles D. Freeman, Tryphon Mazu, Hernan Flores-Rozas
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Anthracyclines are among the most common chemotherapeutic agents used to-date. Although effective, resistance to this agent usually develops in the course of treatment and serious dose-related toxicity, namely chronic cardio-toxicity, limits its use. In patients suffering from triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cytotoxic agents such as anthracyclines are some of the only therapeutic alternatives. To increase our knowledge of the pathways that protect cells from anthracyclines we carried out a genome-wide genetic screening in the eukaryotic model organism S. cerevisiae to identify gene defects that generate cells hypersensitive to doxorubicin. A total of 71 deletion strains displayed varying levels of sensitivity to anthracylcines. Of these, 11 genes are involved in chromatin remodeling. The most sensitive mutations corresponded to swi3, snf2 and arp8, which are components of the SWI/SNF complex. Deletion of SNF2 resulted in sensitivity to doxorubicin of 100,000-fold higher than wild type cells. Further analysis of the SNF2 defective strain revealed that it is also sensitive to daunorubicin and cisplatin, as well as to other DNA damaging agents such as alkylating agents, the topoI inhibitor campthotecin or replication blocks from hydroxyurea. Our results indicate that the SWI/SNF complex plays a critical role in protecting cells from exposure to anthracyclines and other DNA damaging agents. Targeting these genes may provide a useful alternative to hypersensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy and provide a therapeutic alternative to TNBC. Research supported by NIH/NCRR RCMI grant #RR03020 at Florida A&amp;M University. Citation Format: Miles D. Freeman, Tryphon Mazu, Hernan Flores-Rozas. Differential contribution of chromatin remodeling complex components to the protection from cytotoxic stress. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4367. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4367
Raising price of alcohol works better than prevention programmes, US review says
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Raising the price of alcohol by taxation reduces drinking and also significantly reduces negative, costly outcomes associated with excessive drinking more effectively than prevention programmes, concludes a review of published research over the past 50 years.

A previous study by the same researchers at the College of Medicine of the University of Florida, Gainesville, found that a 10% rise in the price of alcohol resulted in a 5% reduction in drinking.

In their current study they say that doubling the average US state tax on alcohol would result in about a 35% reduction in the number of alcohol related deaths, an 11% reduction in …
Destructive Eye Lesions in Wegener's Granulomatosis
Authors: Peer Malte Aries, Marcus Both
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2005)

A 33-year-old woman presented with malaise, bloody nasal discharge, nasal crusting, and arthralgia. On examination, disconjugate gaze and protrusion of the right eye with scleritis were found. Serologic evaluation revealed elevated acute-phase reactants. Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) with a cytoplasmic pattern, at a titer of 1:256, were positive on direct immunofluorescence staining, and the level of ANCA directed against proteinase 3 was more than 100 U per milliliter in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (normal value, <5). Examination of a sinus-biopsy specimen revealed granulomatous inflammation with geographic necrosis, and Wegener's granulomatosis was diagnosed. Therapy with cyclophosphamide and prednisone was initiated. Increasing . . .
Doctor who complained to regulator about weight loss product is sued for libel
Authors: M. Sweet
Journal: BMJ (2011)

A retrospective cytogenetic study was carried out on the parents of children with regular trisomy 21 Down9s syndrome. In a total of 128 parents referred routinely to our laboratory after the birth of their affected child, three structural abnormalities, a reciprocal translocation and two pericentric inversions not involving chromosome 21, were detected. This is about 10 times the frequency expected based on current figures from consecutive newborn studies. In addition, the brother of one of nine older people with trisomy 21 referred for cytogenetic analysis for the first time was found to have a reciprocal translocation. This supports the contention made by others that an interchromosomal effect does exist in man. It is suggested that centres who routinely analyse the parents of their trisomy 21 referrals in an unbiased fashion should review their records. They will almost certainly contain useful information regarding the possible existence of this phenomenon and may even contain clues as to its nature. In addition to its undoubted scientific value, such data should prove useful in the genetic counselling of carriers of structural rearrangements.