tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A Capsid-Modified, Conditionally Replicating Oncolytic Adenovirus Vector Expressing TRAIL Leads to Enhanced Cancer Cell Killing in Human Glioblastoma Models
Authors: Martin E. Wohlfahrt, Brian C. Beard, André Lieber, Hans-Peter Kiem
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive brain tumor, and patients rarely survive for more than 2 years. Gene therapy may offer new treatment options and improve the prognosis for patients with GBM. Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy strategies for brain tumors have been limited by inefficient gene transfer due to low expression of the adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) receptor. We have used an adenovirus vector that specifically replicates in tumor cells and uses an Ad5 capsid and the adenovirus serotype (Ad35) fiber for efficient infection of malignant tumor cells. This vector also expresses adenovirus E1A and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in a tumor-specific manner. Here, we show that this oncolytic vector (Ad5/Ad35.IR-E1A/TRAIL) efficiently infects the GBM tumor cell lines SF767, T98G, and U-87 MG. Tumor cell killing was markedly enhanced with Ad5/Ad35.IR-E1A/TRAIL compared with wild-type Ad5 and Ad35 virus or Ad5/Ad35.IR-E1A- vectors without TRAIL expression in vitro. In vivo experiments using s.c. xenografted U-87 MG cells in NOD/SCID mice showed a significant growth delay of tumors after i.t. injection of Ad5/Ad35.IR-E1A/TRAIL, whereas adenovirus wild-type injections showed only marginal or no effect. Our findings indicate that the use of a capsid-modified adenoviral vector, in combination with TRAIL expression, is a promising novel approach for gene therapy of glioblastoma.
Transmission and Severity of Measles Acquired in Medical Settings
Authors: G. Foulon
Journal: JAMA (1986)

To the Editor.—  We read with interest the article by R. M. Davis et al 1 concerning the transmission of measles in medical settings, published in the March 14, 1986, issue ofThe Journal. The results of this study show that 241 of 22 384 measles cases in 30 states probably involved transmission in a medical setting. They represent 1% of all reported cases during this period, and the proportion increased from 0.7% for 1980 through 1982 to 3% for 1983 and 1984.  We retrospectively studied the records of the 301 cases of measles (15 adults and 286 children younger than 15 years) admitted to Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris, between January 1983 and June 1984. About half the hospitalized cases of measles in the Paris region are referred to this hospital.  The average age of the 286 children was 36.5 months; the male to female ratio was 1.3:1. Most admissions were
Dehydration in Older Adults-Reply
Authors: James R. Allen
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —In reply to Dr Matz, we concur that the formula given for use in patients with uncontrolled diabetes and diabetic hyperglycemia may result in a more accurate estimate of FWD. We also agree that severe hyperlipidemia can present as pseudohyponatremia if the serum sodium is measured without correcting for the presence of hypertriglyceridemia or chylomicronemia. It is clear, however, that the vast majority of cases of hypernatremic dehydration in the elderly can be diagnosed without difficulty if proper awareness to this potential problem is manifested by the clinician. The comments by Drs Warren and Harris and Ms Phillips correctly point out the important fact that dehydration remains a problem among both institutionalized and community-dwelling elderly. We also agree that community-based awareness programs for educating the public hopefully could help to reduce the number of cases reported in the community setting. Last, we concur that infection is the major
Fingerprint Changes in Coeliac Disease
Authors: T. J. David, A. B. Ajdukiewicz, A. E. Read
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Study of the fingerprints of 73 patients with coeliac disease, taken carefully, showed changes varying between moderate epidermal ridge atrophy and actual loss of fingerprint patterns. Of the patients 63 had these abnormalities, compared with 3 out of 485 controls. A high degree of correlation existed between ridge atrophy and changes in the clinical state of patients with coeliac disease.
My Own Country
Authors: P Rowland
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Abraham Verghese Simon and Schuster, $23, pp 347 ISBN 0-671-78514-1

Phoenix House, £ 15.99 ISBN 1-89758026-6

The son of expatriate Indians who settled in Ethiopia, Abraham Verghese became an infectious disease specialist and settled in Tennessee, deep in the rural bible belt of America; then he gradually became more and more involved in the care of people with AIDS. AIDS soon absorbed him totally - his time, his skill, and his emotional life, threatening his marriage and making him become more and more of an outsider to his peer group. The result is My Own Country: A Doctor's Story of a Town and its People in the Age of AIDS.

With a few notable exceptions, such as Conan Doyle and Somerset Maugham, doctors do not …
STRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY AND MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION IMAGING IN THE EVALUATION OF CHEST PAIN: A COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS STUDY
Authors: Whitney E. Juselius, Gerard Salame, Tiffany Bendelow, Marisha Burden, Carlin Long, Brenda Beaty, Miriam Dickinson, Mori Krantz
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Targeting the MDM2-p53 Interaction for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Sanjeev Shangary, Shaomeng Wang
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract p53 is a powerful tumor suppressor and is an attractive cancer therapeutic target because it can be functionally activated to eradicate tumors. The gene encoding p53 protein is mutated or deleted in half of human cancers, which inactivates its tumor suppressor activity. In the remaining cancers with wild-type p53 status, its function is effectively inhibited through direct interaction with the human murine double minute 2 (MDM2) oncoprotein. Blocking the MDM2-p53 interaction to reactivate the p53 function is a promising cancer therapeutic strategy. This review will highlight the advances in the design and development of small-molecule inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 interaction as a cancer therapeutic approach.
S-2-(3-Aminopropylamino) Ethyl Phosphorothioic Acid (WR-2721) in Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: MITSUO MORITA
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1985)

Letters and Corrections1 December 1985S-2-(3-Aminopropylamino) Ethyl Phosphorothioic Acid (WR-2721) in Primary HyperparathyroidismMITSUO MORITA, M.D., KIICHIRO HIGASHI, M.D., JUNICHI TAJIRI, M.D., TATSUO SATO, M.D.MITSUO MORITA, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, KIICHIRO HIGASHI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JUNICHI TAJIRI, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, TATSUO SATO, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-103-6-961_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Glover and coworkers (1) have reported previously that a radioprotective agent, WR-2721 [S-2-(3-aminopropylamino) ethyl phosphorothioic acid; amifostine] lowered serum calcium and serum parathyroid hormone levels in eight patients with advanced cancers. In the July issue (2), they report the first clinical use of WR-2721 in patients with refractory hypercalcemia secondary to parathyroid cancer. After reading their first report, we administered this drug to seven patients with primary hyperparathyroidism.The diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism was made on the basis of elevated serum calcium, serum immunoreactive C-terminal parathyroid hormone (iPTH), and nephrogenous cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels. Three patients had...References1. GLOVERRILEYCARMICHAEL DLK. Hypocalcemia and inhibition of parathyroid hormone secretion after administration of WR-2721 (a radioprotective and chemoprotective agent). N Engl J Med. 1983;309:1137-41. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. GLOVERSHAWGLICK DLJ. Treatment of hypercalcemia in parathyroid cancer with WR-2721, S-2-(3-aminopropylamino) ethylphosphorothioic acid. Ann Intern Med. 1985;103:55-7. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MITSUO MORITA, M.D.; KIICHIRO HIGASHI, M.D.; JUNICHI TAJIRI, M.D.; TATSUO SATO, M.D.Affiliations: Kumamoto University Medical School; 1-1-1 Honjo Kumamoto 860 Japan PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byMedical Management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism 1 December 1985Volume 103, Issue 6_Part_1Page: 961-961KeywordsCalciumCyclic adenosine monophosphateDrugsHypercalcemiaHyperparathyroidismParathyroid hormoneParathyroid tumors ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 December 1985 PDF downloadLoading ...
Phase II Trial of Sorafenib in Patients With Recurrent or Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck or Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Christine Elser, Lillian L. Siu, Eric Winquist, Mark Agulnik, Gregory R. Pond, Soo F. Chin, Peggy Francis, Robin Cheiken, James Elting, Angela McNabola, Dean Wilkie, Oana Petrenciuc, Eric X. Chen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

Purpose To determine the efficacy and safety of single-agent sorafenib in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Patients and Methods In this single-arm phase II trial, oral continuous sorafenib was administered in 28-day cycles. Patients had ≤ one line of chemotherapy for recurrent and/or metastatic disease, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of ≤ 2, and adequate organ function. At the end of stage 1, efficacy criteria for further accrual were not met, but the study was amended to enroll an additional five patients for paired tumor biopsies. Results Twenty-seven and 26 patients were eligible for toxicity and efficacy evaluations, respectively. One patient (3.7%; 95% CI, 0.1% to 19.0%) achieved a partial response. Disease stabilization was maintained in 10 patients (37.0%; 95% CI, 22.4% to 61.2%). The median time to progression was 1.8 months (95% CI, 1.6 to 3.4 months), and median overall survival time was 4.2 months (95% CI, 3.6 to 8.7 months). Sorafenib was well tolerated with few grade 3 and no grade 4 toxicities. Biomarker analysis of paired tumor samples before and after treatment with sorafenib revealed a decrease of pERK in all five patients, with a decrease in Ki67 in four patients, consistent with a disruption of ERK signaling. The antiapoptotic protein Mcl-1 was downregulated in four patients, and there was also evidence of antiangiogenic activity. Conclusion Sorafenib was well tolerated and had modest anticancer activity comparable to monotherapy with other targeted agents in this group of patients. Further development in combination with radiation or other agents may be warranted.
Pneumococcal Vaccine After Splenectomy
Authors: Thomas J. Halloran
Journal: JAMA (1978)

To the Editor.—  The discussion of overwhelming sepsis after splenectomy in the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section (240:684, 1978) mentions Di  plococcus pneumoniae as the causative agent in most cases. 1 Although polyvalent pneumococcal vaccination was not mentioned, this seems to be the ideal situation for its use. The vaccine is recommended for use in surgically asplenic patients 2 and is of low risk and high potential benefit. Prevention of pneumococcal sepsis is preferable to treating it.
Ethical Considerations for Short-term Experiences by Trainees in Global Health
Authors: John A. Crump
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Global Health Programs are Burgeon-ing. 1According to a recent review of the Web sites of 129 accredited MD-granting US medical schools 2 and their parent universities, almost half (60; 47%) have established initiatives, institutes, centers, or offices for global health.These programs announce goals that include reducing disparities in global health through a combination of research, education, and service.In part responding to student demand and enthusiasm, 3 many programs provide short-term training and service experiences in resource-limited settings.Nevertheless, there are important ethical considerations inherent to sending individuals from resource-replete settings for training and service experiences in resource-limited settings.7][8] We describe some of these issues so they can be addressed explicitly by those engaged in global health education and service initiatives to facilitate the goals of providing medical students, residents, and other trainees in disciplines related to global health the opportunity for international experience while minimizing unintended adverse consequences. Global Health Educational OpportunitiesEnormous variation in life expectancy and risk for preventable illness and death is observed both in country-level comparisons and among individuals within countries, with the world's poor bearing the brunt of illness and premature death. 9The goal of reducing such health disparities worldwide through research, education, and service is commendable and has an ethical basis in the principle of justice, as well as the duty to assist. 10,11Accordingly, it makes sense that universities in more prosperous settings might bring to bear their substantial technical expertise, energy, talent, research capability, and resources on global health challenges and disparities.Because a primary function of a university is to educate, one means of embracing a global health agenda is to ensure that students are aware of global health issues and have the
Dystrophin is a possible end-target of ischemic preconditioning against cardiomyocyte oncosis during the early phase of reperfusion
Authors: S KYOI, H OTANI, A HAMANO, S MATSUHISA, Y AKITA, H FUJIWARA, R HATTORI, H IMAMURA, H KAMIHATA, T IWASAKA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2006)

Objective Dystrophin is a sarcolemmal membrane protein that prevents the myocyte from oncosis induced by physical stress. Because ischemic preconditioning (IPC) protects mitochondria and prevents oncosis during reperfusion, we hypothesized that dystrophin is an end-target of IPC distal to mitochondrial protection.
John Kenneth Walker
Authors: Philippa Feldman, Mark Feldman, Anne Tattersfield
Journal: BMJ (2005)

​FormerFormer consultant radiologist Groby Road Hospital, Leicester (b Heckmondwike 1923; q Leeds 1947; DMRD, FFR, MD), died from a heart attack on 19 October 2004.




Figure 1




John was appointed consultant in Newcastle and Hexham in 1958. Eight years later he moved to Leicester as one of four consultants appointed to start a new cardiac unit at Groby Road Hospital and to pursue his interest in cardiac radiology. John helped set up the new catheter laboratory and he continued to carry out invasive investigations in close conjunction with cardiological colleagues. The Groby Road unit was for many years the only centre carrying out interventional cardiology and cardiac surgery in southern Trent. He leaves a wife, Magda, and four children.
The new NHS: first year's experience. Freeman Hospital: working to improve services.
Authors: S. Kingman
Journal: BMJ (1992)

Crohn's perianal fistulas Perianal fistula in Crohn's disease.Crohn's perianal fistula presents a special problem.It has a distinctive appearance, with more oedema and surprisingly little discomfort.If there is active Crohn's disease in the colon or rectum a surgical wound in the anus may never heal.Provided the intestinal Crohn's disease can be brought under control by steroids, sulphasalazine, or appropriate surgery the fistula can be treated conventionally.If disease continues in the colon troublesome anal sepsis or fistula may tip the balance in favour of an early panproctocolectomy.
Notice to Physicians.
Authors: Fred Gowing
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Concord, N. H., Nov. 20, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The second examination for licenses to practice medicine in the State of New Hampshire will be held at the State House, Concord, Tuesday and Wednesday, Dec. 21 and 22, 1897, beginning at 8 o'clock A.M. All unlicensed physicians who were not in practice in this State on and before March 16, 1897, must pass the examinations in order to receive a license to legally practice their profession. Application blanks should be procured at once, as these papers must be filled out and in the hands of the Regent by December 15. All information regarding the coming examinations will be cheerfully given from the Department of Public Instruction, State Library, Concord.
General practitioners and occupational health professionals
Authors: J. Beach
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Consensus statement to improve interaction is timely and welcome 

Occupational Medicine (the journal of the Society of Occupational Medicine) recently published a consensus statement on the interaction between general practitioners and occupational health professionals in their roles in vocational rehabilitation.1 This was derived by using a Delphi technique to solicit the views of interested and influential individuals from industry, insurance, academia, representative organisations, government departments, and universities.2 3 The statement emphasises the potential benefits of work and the importance of vocational rehabilitation in restoring an optimal lifestyle to individuals recovering from illness and injury.

Anecdotally, examples of excellent communication between general practitioners and occupational health professionals exist, but poor or non-existent communication is common. At times the relationship may become adversarial, with the patient unable to understand the respective roles. This has an impact on patients' rehabilitation to useful work. Poor communication is not restricted to the United Kingdom and has been shown to act as an impediment to rehabilitation elsewhere.4 5 The …
Failure of interleukin 13 blockade in ulcerative colitis
Authors: Herbert Tilg, Arthur Kaser
Journal: Gut (2015)

Contrary to a decade ago, clinical development in ulcerative colitis (UC) has become highly active with multiple promising innovative assets currently in early and late phase clinical studies. The anti-integrin α4β7 monoclonal antibody vedolizumab has been leading this wave, and has received marketing authorisation by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) based on an excellent efficacy and safety record.

One of the targets that had raised high hopes several years ago was interleukin 13 (IL-13), together with IL-4 and IL-5 the signature cytokine of a T helper 2 (Th2) immune response. As such, its blockade was hypothesised as a brilliant therapeutic strategy in diseases such as allergic asthma and UC. However, in this issue of Gut , results from a trial with anrukinzumab in active UC are reported,1 which, together with results of a trial with tralokinumab reported in the January issue,2 crush enthusiasm for anti-IL-13 blockade as a therapeutic strategy in UC.

Anrukinzumab is a humanised IgG1 antibody, which binds IL-13 and inhibits IL-13's binding to the IL-4Rα chain, part of the IL-13 receptor complex, while it does not block binding of IL-13 to IL-13Rα1 or α2 chains. In a randomised, double-blind, phase IIa study conducted in 38 centres in 10 countries, a total of 84 patients (out of 152 screened) were randomised to three doses (200 mg, 400 mg and 600 mg) anrukinzumab or placebo, with five doses of study medication administered over a 14-week treatment period.1 As a first in a UC trial, fold-change from baseline faecal calprotectin at week 14 was chosen as the primary end point—which turned out not to be significantly different for the three treatment …
Temporal Patterns of Cocaine Use in Pregnancy
Authors: Ira J. Chasnoff
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Seventy-five cocaine-using women enrolled in a comprehensive perinatal care program were divided into two groups: those who used cocaine in only the first trimester of pregnancy (group 1 [N = 23]) and those who used cocaine throughout pregnancy (group 2 [N = 52]). Perinatal outcomes of these pregnancies were compared with perinatal outcomes of a matched group of obstetric patients with no history or evidence of substance abuse (group 3 [N = 40]). Group 2 women had an increased rate of preterm delivery and low-birth-weight infants as well as an increased rate of intrauterine growth retardation. Group 1 women had rates of these complications similar to the drug-free group. Mean birth weight, length, and head circumference for term infants were reduced in only the group 2 infants. However, both groups of cocaine-exposed infants demonstrated significant impairment of orientation, motor, and state regulation behaviors on the Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale.
Psoriasis--how we coped
Authors: S. Weingarten
Journal: BMJ (1995)

Inever knew my grandfather, who came to England from Russia at the turn of the century and settled in the east end of London, working as a doll manufacturer. My mother tells me that he was so ashamed of his psoriasis that he always covered it up with long sleeves and trousers and never exposed it to the benefits of the sun. I do not know if he ever had any treatment. He never smoked or drank any more than the regulation cup of sacramental wine on a Friday night.

My mother was the only one of his eight children to get psoriasis, although subsequently some of her sisters' children were affected. She reports a childhood of nasty smelling ointments, which didn't work, and coal tar baths. Once she went with her siblings to a local swimming pool, where she planned to take lessons. The instructor took one look at her psoriasis: “You there. Out!” he shouted. She cannot swim to this day. As a miserable adolescent she wore long sleeves and stockings all summer, trying to hide her …
Disodium Cromoglycate in the Prevention of Induced Asthma
Authors: H. Herxheimer, H. Bewersdorff
Journal: BMJ (1969)

In 13 patients with allergic asthma disodium cromoglycate protected fully only two from an allergen-induced asthmatic attack.Inhalation of disodium cromoglycate did not improve lung function in five patients with long-standing chronic asthma.Previous clinical trials do not show convincing evidence that this drug improves bronchial asthma in a high percentage of cases, but it seems to help a small minority of patients.
Hepatitis-Associated Antigen (Australia Antigen) in Mother and Infant
Authors: Irvin L. Schweitzer, Robert L. Spears
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1970)

In two mothers hepatitis-associated-antigen-positive, viral hepatitis developed one month post partum. Their infants were also positive for the antigen; one infant remained positive for over seven months without signs of hepatitis. The other had biochemical signs of hepatitis but remained clinically well. In two other women antigen-positive viral hepatitis developed late in pregnancy, and they were positive at the time of delivery. The umbilical-cord bloods and the serums of the neonates were negative for the antigen. One of these infants became positive at seven weeks of age. These data suggest that hepatitis-associated antigen need not cross the placental barrier to be transmitted from mother to infant, and that it may be present in an infant for long periods without causing hepatitis.