tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-Term Outcome after Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Authors: CAROL J. ARCHIBALD, WILLIAM R. AUGER, PETER F. FEDULLO, RICHARD N. CHANNICK, KIM M. KERR, STUART W. JAMIESON, DAVID P. KAPELANSKI, CONSTANCE N. WATT, KENNETH M. MOSER
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

This study evaluated long-term outcome of pulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Survival, functional status, quality of life, health care utilization, and relationships between these parameters and postoperative pulmonary hemodynamics were assessed. Questionnaires were mailed to 420 patients who were more than 1 yr post-PTE; 308 responded (mean age, 56 yr [range, 19-89 yr]; mean years since PTE, 3.3 [range, 1- 16]). Survival after PTE was 75% at > 6 yr. After surgery, symptoms were markedly reduced. Median distance walked was 5,280 ft; 56 patients could walk "indefinitely." Of the working population, 62% of patients unemployed before PTE returned to work. Post-PTE patients scored several quality of life components of the Rand SF-36 slightly lower than reported normals but significantly higher than did pre-PTE patients. Ten percent of patients used oxygen. Ninety-three percent were in NYHA Class I or II. Disease-related hospitalizations/ER visits were minimal. A relationship was shown between 48 h postoperative pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and walking and stair-climbing ability, NYHA class, dyspnea scores, and the physical function and general health quality of life components. These data indicate that PTE offers most CTEPH patients substantial improvement in survival, function, and quality of life, with minimal disease-related health care utilization.
Inflammation, Hypertension, and the Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Scott M. Grundy
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sodium ferric gluconate complex in hemodialysis patients. II. Adverse reactions in iron dextran-sensitive and dextran-tolerant patients
Authors: Daniel W. Coyne, Franklin N. Adkinson, Allen R. Nissenson, Steven Fishbane, Rajiv Agarwal, Joseph W. Eschbach, Beckie Michael, Vaughn Folkert, Daniel Batlle, J. Richard Trout, Naomi Dahl, Pamela Myirski, Jur Strobos, David G. Warnock
Journal: Kidney International (2003)
Abstract A65: Combinational siRNA silencing of MCL-1 and P-gp enhances the apoptotic response in Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Hamidreza Montazeri Aliabadi, Hasan Uludag
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Multidrug resistance (MDR) remains is a major hurdle to overcome in cancer therapy. Enhanced cell proliferation and survival of cancerous cells in solid tumor environment along with survival of stem cells to repopulate the tumor and metastasis complicate the matter even more. Therefore, retardation of cell growth and/or induction of apoptosis by posttranscriptional silencing based on short interfering RNA (siRNA) is promising, but remains challenging due to inability of anionic siRNA to cross cell membrane. We previously reported the safety and efficiency of lipid substitution on small molecular weight, non-toxic polyethylenimine (PEI) as promising approach for siRNA delivery. In this study, we report silencing of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) both as an individual target to induce apoptosis and incorporated in multiple silencing in wild type (WT) MDA-MB-435 human breast cancer cells, as well as cells rendered resistant as a result of exposure to an anticancer agent and MDR version of the same cells. Down-regulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), survivin, and MCL-1 with respective siRNAs were studied individually and in combinations. While silencing MCL-1 caused almost 90% cell death in the WT cells, the effect was less significant in the MDR cells. Silencing both MCL-1 and P-gp in the MDR cells showed a synergistic effect. Resistance induction, as confirmed by both IC50 experiments and doxorubicin (DOX) uptake, caused an up-regulation in the expression of not only P-gp, but also BCRP, survivin, and MCL-1. Our double silencing experiments in resistance-induced cells showed a similar pattern to MDR cells; however, in the later stages of resistance induction, prolonged exposure to higher DOX concentrations caused a cell dependency on MCL-1 and a cross-link between MCL-1 and P-gp. MCL-1 silencing was proven to be more efficient in causing cell death in resistance-induced cells compared to MDR cells. A re-sensitization to cytotoxic effect of DOX was observed in resistance-induced cells after silencing of MCL-1. In addition to confirming MCL-1 as a viable target for siRNA silencing, this study indicates that anti-apoptotic proteins such as survivin and MCL-1 may have a role in resistance that could be closely related to efflux proteins.
Lumbar disc problems.
Authors: A. H. Murley
Journal: BMJ (1972)

in-fertility, so it would be expected that a group of pregnant patients would have a lower incidence of positive tuberculin tests than non-pregnant controls.Even if the con- trols were accurately matched for age and parity it would be desirable to do tests in the same individuals in the pregnant and non-pregnant state.Montgomery and colleagues3 did this and found no influence of pregnancy.-Iam, etc.,
An Effective Electric Trephine.
Authors: S. S. BISHOP
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The accompanying cut shows the exact size of two electric tubular saws, or trephines, the smaller of which is the one in common use in surgery of the nose and its connecting cavities. This instrument is capable of rendering excellent service where little work is to be done; but it has several serious faults which the writer has overcome in devising the larger trephine. In removing a large and long spur from the nasal septum, it is necessary to trephine through the center of the spur, then above and below the center in lines parallel with the first section, if the small trephine is employed. If the spur is longer than the tube of the trephine, the instrument ceases to cut as soon as it penetrates the distance of its own length, for the portion of the spur that enters the tube fails to pass out of the counter-opening as
Medical Care as a Right: A Refutation
Authors: Robert M. Sade
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

From man's primary right — the right to his own life — derive all others, including the rights to select and pursue his own values, and to dispose of these values, once gained, without coercion. The choice of the conditions under which a physician's services are rendered belongs to the physician as a consequence of his right to support his own life. If medical care, which includes physician's services, is considered the right of the patient, that right should properly be protected by government law. Since the ultimate authority of all law is force of arms, the physician's professional judgment — that is, his mind — is controlled through threat of violence by the state. Force is the antithesis of mind, and man cannot survive qua man without the free use of his mind. Thus, since the concept of medical care as the right of the patient entails the use or threat of violence against physicians, that concept is anti-mind — therefore, anti-life, and, therefore, immoral.
Genetic Manipulation of the Rabbit Heart via Transgenesis
Authors: Jeanne James, Atsushi Sanbe, Karen Yager, Lisa Martin, Raisa Klevitsky, Jeffrey Robbins
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Transgenesis using cardiac-specific expression has been valuable in exploring cardiac structure-function relationships. To date, cardiac-selective studies have been confined to the mouse. However, the utility of the mouse is limited in certain, possibly critical, aspects with respect to cardiovascular function. Methods and Results —To establish the potential validity of transgenic methodology for remodeling a larger mammalian heart, we explored cardiac-selective expression in transgenic rabbits. The murine α- and β-cardiac myosin heavy chain gene promoters were used to express a reporter gene, and transgene expression was quantified in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth muscles as well as in nonmuscle tissues. Although neither promoter exactly mimics endogenous patterns of myosin heavy chain expression, both are able to drive high levels of transgene expression in the cardiac compartment. Neither promoter is active in smooth muscle or nonmuscle tissues. Conclusions —Directed organ-specific expression is feasible in a larger animal with existing reagents, and cardiac-selective transgenic manipulation is possible in the rabbit.
The gene mutated in juvenile nephronophthisis type 4 encodes a novel protein that interacts with nephrocystin
Authors: Géraldine Mollet, Rémi Salomon, Olivier Gribouval, Flora Silbermann, Delphine Bacq, Gilbert Landthaler, David Milford, Ahmet Nayir, Gianfranco Rizzoni, Corinne Antignac, Sophie Saunier
Journal: Nature Genetics (2002)
The Severe Eye Changes of Graves' Disease
Authors: Sidney C. Werner
Journal: JAMA (1961)

GRAVES described the association of eye changes and hyperthyroidism in 1835.<sup>1</sup>Despite the tremendous body of clinical and investigative data produced since then, the etiologies of both derangements remain undefined. Perhaps because of the lack of a known etiology, a multiplicity of unwieldy terms has arisen to describe the eye changes of Graves' disease; and clinical classification has currently become so confused as to make it difficult to evaluate published data. Only recently, an effort to reach agreement upon a satisfactory terminology failed.<sup>2</sup> <h3>Classification and Terminology</h3> Most clinics accept the view that 2 distinct categories of eye changes can be defined by clinical criteria, although mixed pictures are common.<sup>3</sup>In one group, the ocular manifestations consist essentially of stare, proptosis, widened fissures, and lidlag. These constitute little more than a cosmetic blemish, even though proptosis may exceed 30 mm. by Hertel exophthalmometer measurement. In the other group,
A Trial-Based Approach to Statin Guidelines
Authors: Paul M Ridker, Peter W. F. Wilson
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Case Report: Analytical Electron Microscopy of Lung Granulomas Associated with Exposure to Coating Materials Carried by Glass Wool Fibers
Authors: Angela S. Ferreira, Valéria B. Moreira, Marcos César S. Castro, Porfírio J. Soares, Eduardo Algranti, Leonardo R. Andrade
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2009)

ContextMan-made vitreous fibers (MMVFs) are noncrystalline inorganic fibrous material used for thermal and acoustical insulation (e.g., rock wool, glass wool, glass microfibers, and refractory ceramic fibers). Neither epidemiologic studies of human exposure nor animal studies have shown a noticeable hazardous effect of glass wools on health. However, MMVFs have been anecdotally associated with granulomatous lung disease in several case reports.Case presentationHere, we describe the case of a patient with multiple bilateral nodular opacities who was exposed to glass wool fibers and coating materials for 7 years. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed an increased total cell count (predominantly macrophages) with numerous cytoplasmic particles. Lung biopsy showed peribronchiolar infiltration of lymphoid cells and many foreign-body–type granulomas. Alveolar macrophages had numerous round and elongated platelike particles inside the cytoplasm. X-ray microanalysis of these particles detected mainly oxygen/aluminum/silicon and oxygen/magnesium/silicon, compatible with kaolinite and talc, respectively. No elemental evidence for glass fibers was found in lung biopsy.DiscussionThe contribution of analytical electron microscopy applied in the lung biopsy was imperative to confirm the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis associated with a complex occupational exposure that included both MMVFs and coating materials.Relevance to clinical or professional practiceThis case study points out the possible participation of other components (coating materials), beyond MMVFs, in the etiology of pneumoconiosis.
Sand-fly Fever and Benign Lymphocytic Meningitis
Authors: A. S. Pearson
Journal: BMJ (1941)

mind was lucid throughout the illness.She could always put the spatula in her mouth during the spasms to prevent damage to her tongue. TreatmentGeneral.-Special points to be emphasized: separate and darkened room; quiet enforced; special day and night nurses.Specific.-Serum: 200,000units concentrated A.T.S. intra- venously the first day; 40,000 units intramuscularly the second, repeated on the third and fourth days.Suilphonamiiide Cheemotherapy.-Soluseptasine 10 c.cm. 5% solution four-hourly from admission for twenty-four hours, then 1 gramme sulphapyridine by mouth with an occasional injection of the former if the tablets could not be taken.Sulphonamide therapy stopped on the third day owing to the patient being markedly cyanosed.Sedatives.-(M)Evipan sodium 0.5 to 0.75 gramme ; intravenous and intramuscular injections enabled the patient to obtain four to five hours repose. (2)Avertin, given in a dosage of 0.1 gramme Per kg.body weight, provided lengthy and adequate rest.(3) Paraldehyde, 5 to 6 drachms rectally, was of little value. (4)Nembutal, 4grains by oral and rectal routes, gave very short periods of rest.(5) Chloral hydrate, 60 grains orally, gave much comfort during the day, two doses usually being sufficient. ( 6 Hypodermic injection of morphine 1/3 grain appeared a bene- ficial substitute for the chloral hydrate.Diet.-We were always able to feed the patient by mouth with fluids, small and frequent quantities being taken through a straw.Fluids given: Horlick's, ovaltine, glucose fruit drinks, meat broths, bovril; egg, milk, and brandy beaten up together; also cream brought in by the patient's relatives.From the eleventh day she was able to take soft solids such as fish and vegetable purees, jellies, etc.Oral hygiene: Mouth cleansed with glycothymolin swabs.Back: This was treated dailv.Bowels kept open by gentle enemata.Rash: Calamine and carbolic lotion employed for this.Vaginal discharge: Gentle hydrogen peroxide douches daily.
Autosensitivity to Desoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Authors: Murray B. Levin, Hermann Pinkus
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

NUCLEOPROTEIN consists of nucleic acid linked to a specific protein. The primary constituent of the nucleic acid is the nucleotide, which is made up of a nitrogen-containing base (purine or pyrimidine) linked to a pen tose (ribose or desoxyribose), which, in turn, is joined to inorganic phosphate. The nucleic acid can be visualized as a long chain of nucleotides linked to one another through phosphate bridges. Ribose nucleic acid (RNA) is found largely in the cytoplasm of the cell, but 10 per cent occurs in the nucleus. Desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is found almost exclusively in the nucleus.Nucleic acids are . . .
Initial Aspirin Dose and Outcome Among ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients Treated With Fibrinolytic Therapy
Authors: Jeffrey S. Berger, Amanda Stebbins, Christopher B. Granger, Eric M. Ohman, Paul W. Armstrong, Frans Van de Werf, Harvey D. White, R. John Simes, Robert A. Harrington, Robert M. Califf, Eric D. Peterson
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background— Although treatment with immediate aspirin reduces morbidity and mortality in ST-elevation myocardial infarction, the optimal dose is unclear. We therefore compared the acute mortality and bleeding risks associated with the initial use of 162 versus 325 mg aspirin in fibrinolytic-treated ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients. Methods and Results— Using combined data from the Global Utilization of Streptokinase and Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO I) and Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO III) trials (n=48 422 ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients), we compared the association between initial aspirin dose of 162 versus 325 mg and 24-hour and 7-day mortality, as well as rates of in-hospital moderate/severe bleeding. Results were adjusted for previously identified mortality and bleeding risk factors. Overall, 24.4% of patients (n=11 828) received an initial aspirin dose of 325 mg, and 75.6% (n=36 594) received 162 mg. The 24-hour mortality rates were 2.9% versus 2.8% ( P =0.894) for those receiving an initial aspirin dose of 325 versus 162 mg. Mortality rates at 7 and 30 days were 5.2% versus 4.9% ( P =0.118) and 7.1% versus 6.5% ( P =0.017) among patients receiving the 325 versus 162 mg aspirin. After adjustment, aspirin dose was not associated with 24-hour (odds ratio [OR], 1.01; 95% CI, 0.82 to 1.25), 7-day (OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.17), or 30-day (OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.12) mortality rates. No significant difference was noted for myocardial infarction or the composite of death or myocardial infarction between groups. In-hospital moderate/severe bleeding occurred in 9.3% of those treated with 325 mg versus 12.2% among those receiving 162 mg ( P &lt;0.001). After adjustment, 325 mg was associated with a significant increase in moderate/severe bleeding (OR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.24; P =0.003). Conclusion— These data suggest that an initial dose of 162 mg aspirin may be as effective as and perhaps safer than 325 mg for the acute treatment of ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
TRAUMATIC PERFORATION OF ESOPHAGUS WITH MEDIASTINITIS; OPERATION AND RECOVERY
Authors: Harry Meyersburg
Journal: JAMA (1930)

A white woman, aged 60, with a negative past history, was admitted, Oct. 17, 1928, seven hours after she had swallowed some bottled horseradish containing particles of glass. She immediately felt a sharp pain in her throat, followed by pain in the epigastrium and right shoulder. She attempted to induce vomiting with her finger and brought up some bloody food particles. She came to the hospital because of an increase of pain in the throat. She had tenderness over the xiphoid cartilage and between the tenth and twelfth vertebrae. There was no abdominal tenderness or spasm. Indirect laryngoscopy was negative. A roentgenogram was taken following a barium meal and revealed a slightly irregularly outlined opaque mass at the level of the clavicles, not at all typical of a diverticulum and probably an extravasation of barium into the tissue about the esophagus; there was an irregular area of increased density in
Internship—July 1962
Authors: Leonard G. Dauber
Journal: JAMA (1983)

He was nervous and he knew it. He had slept fitfully the night before, anticipating the alarm set to wake him at 6:30 AM. He washed and shaved, then dressed in his uniform whites. He bolted down his morning coffee, a quick cup of instant made without thinking. His thoughts were elsewhere. He remembered to put his stethoscope into his right side jacket pocket, his pen and pencil into the upper left pocket, and his notebook and percussion hammer into his lower left pocket. A safety pin was attached through the first buttonhole of his jacket and he knotted a length of soft rubber tubing through a belt loop.  Today he was starting his postgraduate apprenticeship. He was an intern and was to begin his rotation in the emergency room.  He was early: the clock on the emergency room wall said 7:45 AM. No matter. He knew the tightness in
985. Targeting CCR3 To Protect from Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1)
Authors: Lokesh Agrawal, David S. Strayer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Top of pageAbstract
CCR5 and CXCR4, are the primary coreceptors used by HIV-1 isolates in vivo. However, CCR3 has been implicated as a coreceptor for HIV infection in some cells, particularly the microglia cells of the central nervous system. Thus, CCR3 is one of the minor coreceptors used by HIV-1. To investigate its contribution to viral infection and to assess its potential as a target for gene therapeutic manipulation, we applied two approaches. A panel of interfering RNAs targeting RNA (siRNAs) sequences shared by murine and human CCR3 transcripts was used to assess effectiveness of CCR3 downregulation and protection from CCR3-tropic strains of HIV. At the same time we sought to develop an ScFv antibody to CCR3, derived from the hybridoma 5E8-G9-B4. Out of a panel of CCR3 siRNAs, R3-526, was found to be most effective in downregulating CCR3. Its addition to cultures resulted in almost 80% decrease in CCR3 in human astrocytic U87.CD4.CCR3 cell line, primary human fetal brain microglia cells and in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages when studied using FACS and immustaining. Decreased CCR3 expression was greatest at siRNA concentrations of 1nM to 10nM. Studies applying our recently synthesized ScFv are in progress. Currently, a panel of macrophage-tropic HIV-1 isolates (both clinical and laboratory) are being tested for their ability to infect purified microglia cells and macrophages, pretreated with either siRNA or a recombinant single chain antibody (ScFv) against CCR3 delivered by a rSV40 vector. Utilization of CCR3 by these HIV-1 isolates and their susceptibility to inhibition by siRNA and ScFv in primary brain microglia/macrophages may both help clarify the role of CCR3 as a coreceptor in CNS establishing HIV-1 and provide new avenues for therapeutic manipulation.