tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2753: Predicting Success of Prospective Gating in Dual Source Coronary CTA: Development of a Model and Initial Experience
Authors: Ariel Gutstein, Cynthia Lee, Arik Wolak, Damini Dey, Muneo Oba, Heidi Gransar, Piotr Slomka, Yasuyuki Suzuki, Shoji Suzuki, John Friedman, Louise E Thomson, Sean Hayes, Daniel S Berman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Prospectively gated (PG) coronary CTA (PG-CCTA) with dual source CT (DSCT) allows dramatic reduction of radiation burden, but requires prospective phase selection and assessment of likelihood of adequate image quality. We developed and tested the model for predicting success of PG-CCTA Methods: Retrospectively gated (RG) CCTA was acquired with DSCT in 103 consecutive pts. Two experienced assessed by consensus whether diagnostic quality images could have been obtained in a single predefined phase (70% of RR interval), thereby identifying pts in whom PG scan would be successful. Potential predictors of success entered in a model included age, BMI, coronary calcium score (CCS), beta-blocker use, average HR (HR), and HR variation during CCS acquisition before CCTA. The model was subsequently applied in 9 consecutive pts Results: Of 1633 coronary segments (segs) assessed in 103 pts with RG-CCTA, 28 (0.2%) in 12 pts were unevaluable, and 63 segs (0.4%) in 16 pts required phase change. HR was ≤ 70 BPM during CCS acquisition in 83 pts (80.6%), of whom 59 (71%) could be analyzed with a single 70% RR phase compared to only 10% of pts with HR&gt;70. By logistic regression HR ≤ 70 ( OR= 0.024, p&lt;0.0001), HR variation / 5 BPM ( OR = 0.88, p=0.04), CCS / 100 ( OR=0.84, p=0.01) and BMI (OR 0.9, p=0.04) were independent predictors of a successful single phase CCTA. Over 90% of pts with HR&lt;70 and CCS&lt;100 could be analyzed with 70% RR phase (Figure ). Applying this model, 9 consecutive pts had excellent PG CCTA with low radiation dose (3.1±0.4 mSv) vs 15.9±5.2mSv for RG-CCTA (p&lt;.0001). Conclusion : PG-CCTA drastically reduces radiation dose and is feasible with HR 3 70, low pre-scan HR variation and low CCS.
Abstract 16853: Endoglin is an Epigenetically Regulated Novel Endothelial Specification Gene
Authors: Saswati Banerjee, Methode Bacanamwo
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Recent studies indicate that Endothelial cells (EC) are required for the engineering of all tissues/organs and their dysfunction mediates the pathogenesis of most cardiovascular diseases. However, EC production remains inefficient and identifying novel EC specification genes remains a priority. Dnmt1-/- embryonic stem cells (ESC) where found to have a higher propensity to differentiate into EC than wild type EC. In addition, endoglin (Eng), recently implicated in early vascular development and angiogenesis, was methylated and repressed in WT ESC, but was demethylated and expressed in Dnmt1-/- ESC. Interestingly, a CpG site located at a locus predicted to bind HIF1 and Sp1, the two main transcription factors regulating Eng transcription, was not methylated in Dnmt1-/- ESC, but was 80% methylated in WT ESC. We hypothesized that Eng may be an epigenetically regulated EC specification gene. Mouse ESC were treated with recombinant Eng or the Eng ORF, and differentiated in the presence or absence of BMP4. Expression of the mesoderm and EC marker genes, and known mediators of EC specification and their downstream targets was monitored by QRT-PCR, western, immunocytochemistry, and flow cytometry. Functionality of the differentiated EC was assessed by in vitro angiogenesis assay and the induction of ICAM-1 expression in response to TNF-α. The percentage of Tie2-positive cells was increased by recombinant Eng relative to vehicle-treated cells (17.1 ± 2.5 vs. 26.0 ± 1.5, p≤0.01). BMP4 also increased the percentage of Tie2-positive cells relative to controls (17.1 ± 2.5 vs. 26.4 ± 1.3, p≤0.01), and the percentage was further increased by combining BMP4 with recombinant Eng (26.4 ± 1.3 vs. 34.5 ± 2.6, p≤0.01). Similar results were obtained with forced Eng expression and with the other EC markers Flk1, vWF, and CD31. The Eng-induced differentiation was independent of known mediators of EC specification such as Indian Hedgehog and BMP4 or of BMP4/phospho-Smad1/5/8 pathway. The effect of CpG methylation at the HIF1/Sp1 binding site on the binding of these factors and transcriptional regulation of Eng are being investigated. The data indicates that Eng is a novel epigenetically regulated EC specification gene, which induces robust EC production in combination with BMP4.
Abstract 9436: Sitagliptin Reduces Plaque Macrophage Content and Stabilizes Arteriosclerotic Lesions in Apoe-Deficient Mice
Authors: Mathias Burgmaier, Ana Liberman, Dusica Vasic, Rahel Ostertag, Melanie Esser, Daniel Walcher, Andreas Ludwig, Nikolaus Marx, Francesca Vittone
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective: Glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36) (GLP-1) based therapies are current treatment options for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. As patients with diabetes are at a high risk to develop a severe atherosclerosis, we investigated the effect of GLP-1 on chemokine-induced migration of human monocytes and macrophage MMP-9 expression, both crucial steps in atherogenesis and plaque destabilisation. Furthermore, we explored the translation of these effects to plaque inflammation and plaque stability in ApoE -/- mice treated with the DPP-IV inhibitor sitagliptin, which increases plasma levels of active GLP-1. Methods and Results: In the modified Boyden-chamber, pretreatment with GLP-1 reduced the MCP-1 induced migration of isolated human monocytes in a concentration dependent manner from a 3.3±0.8 to a 1.4±0.5 fold induction at 10 nM GLP-1 (n = 8, p &lt; 0.05), which was associated with a decreased MLC-phosphorylation in these cells. Similar effects were seen when RANTES was used as a chemokine to induce cell migration. Furthermore, GLP-1 significantly decreased MMP-9 release from isolated human monocyte-derived macrophages as determined by zymography. In vivo , treatment of ApoE -/- mice with the DPP-IV inhibitor sitagliptin, which increases plasma levels of active GLP-1, resulted in a 75% reduction of macrophage infiltration, a 75% reduction in plaque MMP-9 expression and a more than 3-fold increase in plaque collagen content compared to controls as shown by MAC3, Picrosirus Red and immunohistologic staining, respectively (n=6-8, p &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: Thus, GLP-1 reduces plaque inflammation and increases plaque stability potentially by inhibiting chemokine-induced migration of monocytes and by inhibition of macrophage MMP-9 expression. The effects observed may provide a potential mechanism of how GLP-1 based therapies may modulate vascular disease in high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Abstract 2054: N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels Predict Outcome From Cardiac Surgery: A Prospective Cohort Study.
Authors: Brian Cuthbertson, Bernard Croal, Daniella Rae, Patrick Gibson, Jane McNeilly, Robert Jeffrey, Hussein El-Shafei, George Gibson, Keith Buchan, Graham Hillis
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background:  BNP and NT-proBNP are predictors of cardiovascular outcome in many settings. There are, however, limited data in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. We hypothesized that they would convey useful prognostic data in this setting.   Methods:  Eight hundred ninety-two patients undergoing non-emergency cardiac surgery were recruited prospectively. Clinical details and pre-operative blood samples were obtained. The Parsonnet score and EuroSCORE were calculated. NT-proBNP was measured using the Roche Elecsys assay. The primary end-point was all-cause mortality.   Results:  During a median of 1.3 years, 45 patients (5%) died. Median NT-proBNP levels were 894pg/mL in patients who died compared to 274pg/mL in survivors (hazard ratio [HR] 1.02 per 200pg/mL, 95% CI 1.01–1.03, p=0.001). NT-proBNP remained an independent predictor of outcome in multivariable models including either the Parsonnet score or EuroSCORE (HR 1.02 per 200pg/mL for both, p=0.007 and p=0.01 respectively). In patients who died within 30-days (n=26) NT-proBNP predicted death with an odds ratio of 1.03 per 200pg/mL (p=0.001) and was again independent of EuroSCORE and Parsonnet score (p=0.005 and 0.009 in models with each of these respectively). NT-proBNP predicted all-cause mortality with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.69 (95% CI 0.61– 0.78, p   Conclusion:  NT-proBNP is a powerful predictor of mortality after cardiac surgery, both at 30 days and during medium-term follow-up. It has prognostic utility that is independent of traditional methods of risk stratification.
Abstract 14668: Epac1 Deficiency Inhibit Neointima Formation After Vascular Injuryin vivo
Authors: Yuko Kato, Utako Yokoyama, Satoshi Okumura, Susumu Minamisawa, Masataka Sata, Eiji Miyajima, Yoshihiro Ishikawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Vascular remodeling after mechanoinjury largely depends on the migration of smooth muscle cells. We have reported that Exchange protein activated by cyclic AMP 1 (Epac1) promotes vasc...
Breast feeding and obesity
Authors: M. Wadsworth, S. Marshall, R. Hardy, A. Paul, J. Hebebrand
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Cancer survival in Britain Cancer chemotherapy costs moneyEditor-I strongly endorse Sikora's claim that poor rates of survival from cancer in the United Kingdom reflect a lack of NHS resources. 1Increasing the number of specialist oncologists will not, however, make up for the massive shortfall in funds required to provide these oncologists with the essential tools of their trade.Recent review of the budgetary allocation to Addenbrooke's Oncology Centre identified that, on average, £1700 a year is available to spend on drugs for any individual patient with cancer.Since a single course of chemotherapy may cost between £50 and £1500, oncologists cannot be expected to deliver the quality of care the public expects to receive.There are no other untapped sources of funding.Our clinical practice is already heavily subsidised: about one in six of all new patients with cancer referred to Addenbrooke's receives his or her standard chemotherapy courtesy of funds raised from industry sponsored research.The government cannot claim commitment to improving cancer care while patients are being denied effective treatments on the grounds of lack of affordability.
Reply
Authors: Günther Silbernagel, M. John Chapman, Bernd Genser, Marcus E. Kleber, Günter Fauler, Hubert Scharnagl, Tanja B. Grammer, Kari-Matti Mäkelä, Mika Kähönen, Rafael Carmena, Ernst R. Rietzschel, Eric Bruckert, John E. Deanfield, Olli T. Raitakari, Terho Lehtimäki, Winfried März
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Gene Cloning of Rat and Mouse Platelet Glycoprotein V: Identification of Megakaryocyte-Specific Promoters and Demonstration of Functional Thrombin Cleavage
Authors: Catherine Ravanat, Martine Morales, David O. Azorsa, Sylvie Moog, Simone Schuhler, Pierre Grunert, Damarys Loew, Alain Van Dorsselaer, Jean-Pierre Cazenave, François Lanza
Journal: Blood (1997)
Abstract 412: Pentaerithrityltetranitrate Does Not Deteriorate Endothelial Dysfunction In Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Monocentric Clinical Trial (PENTA)
Authors: Robert Schiewe, Boris Schnorbus, Mir Abolfazl Ostad, Christoph Medler, Philip Wenzel, Andreas Daiber, Thomas Münzel, Ascan Warnholtz
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Purpose: Chronic nitrate therapy remains controversial in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) due to induction of tolerance and deterioration of endothelial dysfunction. Pentaerithri-tyltetranitrate (PETN) differs from other organic nitrates by the lack of tolerance induction and by antioxidative properties. We hypothesized that treatment with PETN improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with CAD. Methods: In a prospective, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 80 patients to double-blind treatment for 8 weeks with oral PETN 80mg t.i.d. (PETN) or placebo (C), respectively. The primary endpoint was the absolute change in flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery (FMD) from baseline to follow-up. Secondary endpoints were the changes in nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (NMD), peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT2000) index as a marker of endothelial function of small arteries, the augmentation index (AI) as a marker of arterial stiffness and the activity of the PETN bioactivating enzyme aldehydedehydrogenase-2 (ALDH-2) in monocytes from baseline to follow-up. Raw data entry, data monitoring and statistic analysis were independently performed by the coordination centre of clinical trials (KKS), Mainz. The trial was registered as ISRCTN 14741768. Results: Both treatment groups were comparable regarding age, gender, distribution of cardiovascular risk factors and concomitant medication. There was no difference in the mean (±SD) change in FMD between the two treatment groups (PETN: +1.6±3.3% vs. C: +1.4±4.1% p=0.7). NMD significantly rose after treatment with PETN compared to C (PETN: +3.8±5.5% vs. C: +0.6±4.2% p=0.0036). Mean PAT-Index, AI and ALDH-2 activity remained unchanged in both treatment groups. Conclusions: The three main findings of our trial are: In contrast to other organic nitrates PETN does not deteriorate endothelial dysfunction (1), does not impair ALDH-2 activity (2) and does not induce cross tolerance to nitroglycerin (3). We conclude that chronic PETN therapy in patients with CAD may be established for symptomatic treatment without adverse effects on endothelial function.
Abstract 5688: Identification of Unusual Reentry Circuit Sites of Non-Ischemic Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Tachycardia
Authors: Emi Nakano, Tomoo Harada, Hisao Matsuda, Toshio Sasaki, Kouichi Mizuno, Naoki Matsumoto, Fumihiko Miyake
Journal: Circulation (2008)
UK nephrology misunderstood
Authors: Charles R V Tomson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Blagg criticises the UK renal community for lagging behind some other high income countries in the proportion of patients receiving home haemodialysis (HD).1

A generation of UK nephrologists was forced, by lack of facilities, to give patients a stark choice between home HD, home peritoneal dialysis, or death. As hospital and satellite dialysis facilities have expanded, the proportion of patients receiving home …
Abstract 3189: The Relationship Between Body Mass Index and Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Chronic Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Tamara Horwich, Eric S Leifer, Clinton A Brawner, Meredith B Fitz-Gerald, Gregg C Fonarow
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) in patients with systolic heart failure (HF) is important for determining HF prognosis and helping guide timing of heart transplantation. Although approximately 20 –30% of patients with HF are obese (body mass index [BMI]>30kg/m2), the impact of BMI on CPX results is not well established. The objective of the present study was to assess the relationship between BMI and CPX variables, including peak oxygen uptake, anaerobic threshold, O2 pulse, and ventilation/carbon dioxide production ratio. Methods: Consecutive systolic HF patients (n=2324) enrolled in the Heart Failure and A Controlled Trial Investigating Outcomes of Exercise Training (HF-ACTION) trial who had baseline BMI recorded were included in the present study. Subjects were divided into strata based on BMI: underweight (BMI< 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (BMI 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), overweight (BMI 25.0 –29.9 kg/m2), obese I (BMI 30 –34.9 kg/m2), obese II (BMI 35–39.9 kg/m2), and obese III (BMI ≥40 kg/m2)...
Abstract 590: Evaluation of the Effects of Cardiac Arrest and CPR Using Intracardiac Echocardiography
Authors: Martin C Burke, Kiam K Lim, Matthew Smelley, John F Beshai, Susan S Kim, Albert C Lin, Bradley P Knight
Journal: Circulation (2008)

For every minute of cardiac arrest, mortality increases by 10%. Still, the variablity of meaningful neurologic survival suggests multiple factors involved in the hypoxia and encephalopathy of cardiac arrest (CA). We studied the cardiac chamber environment during ventricular fibrillation and asystole using direct ultrasound visualization using real-time intracardiac echocardiography (ICE). Four pigs were studied under general anesthesia per protocol. Venous access was obtained for catheter placement within the right heart. A bipolar paciing wire was placed into the right ventricle. A 10 French Acuson ICE catheter was placed into the right atrium using fluoroscopy. Baseline images were obtained. Ventricular fibrillation was induced using direct current energy. 30 minutes of ventricular fibrillation and terminal asystole was observed. Chest compressions were delivered intermittently with direct visualization of effects. Intra-chamber thrombus was quantified by chamber and by arrhythmia. All subjects began to form intracardiac thrombus within 1 minute of ventricular fibrillation. The persistence of sinus rhythm during fibrillation prevented thrombus formation in the atria and the basal portions of both ventricles. The thrombus was predominantly in the right heart within the first 4 minutes of CA. ICE documents that chest compressions completely clear the thrombus when delivered within the first five minutes of CA. Asystole led to more solidified thrombus that was more difficult to clear. Thrombus formation during CA is marked and may be a predominant reason for neurologic damage post resuscitation. Asystole was associated with complete chamber thrombus in comparison to ventricular fibrillation.
864 ITPA ACTIVITY PREDICTS Hb DECLINE AFTER FOUR WEEKS OF PI TRIPLE THERAPY, REGARDLESS OF PREVIOUS TREATMENT OR NAÏVE STATUS AND FIBROSIS: A MULTICENTER REAL-LIFE EXPERIENCE
Authors: A. Mangia, P.J. Clark, V. Piazzolla, R. Santoro, J.A. Holmes, L. Mottola, M. Ripoli, D. Iser, T. Nguyen, S.J. Bell, P.V. Desmond, D. Petruzzellis, K. Patel, A.J. Muir, A.J. Thompson
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Abstract 330: Macrophage Expressed Syndecan-1 in the Pathogenesis of Aortic Aneurysm
Authors: Carolyn A Haller, Sumona Smith, Jin Wen, Elliot L Chaikof
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: Syndecan-1 is a cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycan characterized by highly regulated expression during development, neoplasia, and wound repair. The ectodomain of syndecan-1 be...
Abstract 17268: Resolution of Aortic Regurgitation following Fetal Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty
Authors: Francesca R Pluchinotta, Audrey C Marshall, Doff B McElhinney, Louise E Wilkins-Haug, Carol B Benson, Stephen P Sanders, James E Lock, Wayne Tworetzky
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background. Fetal balloon aortic valvuloplasty (FAV) can improve left heart growth and function, preventing evolution to HLHS in some patients. Aortic regurgitation (AR) is frequently observed by color Doppler after technically successful FAV. In contrast to neonatal valvuloplasty, fetal AR has been observed to improve and even resolve by birth. Our aim is to analyze anatomic and technical factors that might result in AR post FAV and characterize the resolution of AR in the perinatal period. Methods. Fetuses who underwent a technically successful FAV were reviewed and the following variables analyzed: aortic valve diameter; balloon to annulus ratio (BAR); and gestational age (GA) at FAV. Results. Sixty-five fetuses had a technically successful FAV at a median GA of 23 (19-31) weeks. AR was observed immediately after the FAV in 40 fetuses (62%); trivial or mild in 19 and moderate or severe in 21 fetuses. The BAR was larger in fetuses that developed significant AR (1.20±0.13 versus 1.06±0.14; P =0.003). Two of 16 fetuses (13%) with a BAR ≤1 developed significant AR compared to 39% of fetuses with a BAR &gt;1. Three of 21 fetuses with significant AR died after the procedure. The AR resolved completely in 9 of 18 survivors (50%), improved to trivial or mild in 7 (39%), and remained severe until birth in 2 (11%). Both patients with persistent severe AR died as newborns. Conclusions. FAV carries a risk of AR. However, in most fetuses the AR improves by late gestation. A larger BAR (&gt;1) is a risk factor for significant AR. The mechanism of AR resolution might be wound healing factors unique to the fetus. These include rapid cell division and the ability to repair and remodel tissue as demonstrated in animal studies. Moreover, unique hemodynamic factors such as reduced diastolic afterload due to the placenta and elevated LV end-diastolic pressure could mitigate the degree of AR, allowing for valve remodelling.
Abstract 008: Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Preceded by {beta}-cell Dysfunction, Insulin Resistance, or Both: The Cardiovascular Health Study
Authors: Fumiaki Imamura, Kenneth J Mukamal, James B Meigs, Jose A Luchsinger, Joachim H Ix, David S Siscovick, Dariush Mozaffarian
Journal: Circulation (2012)
Long-term outcome of patients (pts) with osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) associated with intra-venous (IV) bisphosphonates (BP)
Authors: T. Van den Wyngaert, T. Claeys, D. Dielen, M. T. Huizing, J. B. Vermorken, E. Fossion
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

20521 Background: ONJ associated with BP use is a new entity with a severe impact on the quality of life. The long-term survival of these pts and the predictors of ONJ outcome are currently unknown. Methods: Follow-up data of 30 ONJ pts treated conservatively with 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse, intermittent oral antibiotics and careful curettage was analyzed. End-points were overall survival and ONJ outcome. Statistical methods included Chi-square and Mann-Whitney testing, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis. Results: When diagnosed with ONJ, the cohort of 9 men and 21 women had a median age of 65 years (range 40 - 84) and received IV BP for a median time of 27 months (range 8 - 115). All had metastatic bone disease from: breast (n=16), prostate (n=3) or non-small cell lung cancer (n=1); renal cell carcinoma (n=1); or multiple myeloma (n=9). Involved BP were pamidronate (P) (n=5), zoledronic acid (Z) (n=20) and 5 pts received P followed by Z. Pts receiving P had a significantly longer exposure time to BP at ONJ diagnosis (median 47 months; range 9 - 115) compared to pts treated with Z (median 26 months; range 8 - 46) (p=0.008). BP were stopped in 23 (77%) pts. ONJ occurred after a dental extraction in 24 cases (80%) and affected the mandible (n=17; 57%), the maxilla (n=8; 27%), or both in 5 pts (17%). In 22 (73%) pts lesions were unilateral. During follow-up (median 21.5 months; range 2 - 66), 8 pts (27%) succumbed to their malignancy giving a mean survival of 46.9 months (95% CI 36.3 - 57.4). No fatalities were due to ONJ or its treatment. Out of 25 (83%) evaluable pts, 12 pts (48%) no longer had exposed bone in the oral cavity, 10 (40%) had stable oral lesions and 3 (12%) cases showed progressive necrosis. Time-to-event analysis identified the duration of BP treatment at diagnosis of ONJ as a negative predictor for the closing of the oral mucosa (p<0.001). In contrast, cessation of BP treatment did not influence outcome. Conclusions: Cancer pts can suffer from ONJ for several years, but with strictly conservative treatment closure of the mucosa can be achieved in 48% of pts. Our data suggest that the total exposure time to BP at time of ONJ diagnosis determines outcome, rather than the time after cessation of BP. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Normal Coronary Rates for Elective Angiography in the Veterans Affairs Healthcare System
Authors: Steven M. Bradley, Thomas M. Maddox, Maggie A. Stanislawski, Colin I. O’Donnell, Gary K. Grunwald, Thomas T. Tsai, P. Michael Ho, Eric D. Peterson, John S. Rumsfeld
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Preliminary Results Of a Pharmacokinetic Study Of Intravenous Asparaginase Erwinia Chrysanthemi Following Allergy To E Coli-Derived Asparaginase In Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Or Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
Authors: Lynda M. Vrooman, Ivan I. Kirov, Zoann E. Dreyer, Michael Kelly, Nobuko Hijiya, Patrick Brown, Richard A. Drachtman, Yoav H Messinger, A. Kim Ritchey, Gregory A. Hale, Kelly Maloney, Paul V. Plourde, Lewis B. Silverman
Journal: Blood (2013)