tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Blood Sugar, Disease, and Nondisease
Authors: Frank Davidoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Editorials1 August 1997Blood Sugar, Disease, and NondiseaseFrank Davidoff, MD, EditorFrank Davidoff, MD, EditorSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-3-199708010-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Although nobody has ever actually seen one [1], an elevated blood sugar is a very real thing to the patient with diabetes, to the physician or other medical person helping that patient deal with the disease, and to the epidemiologist trying to unravel the intricate mysteries of disordered blood sugars in populations. The Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus has now published a report, the result of 2 years of intensive labor, that lays out new criteria for assigning meaning to blood sugars [2]. Why did the group undertake this work? Why now? And why should ...References1. Davidoff F. Who has seen a blood sugar? The shaping of the invisible world. In: Who Has Seen a Blood Sugar? Reflections on Medical Education. Philadelphia: American College of Physicians; 1996:96-100. Google Scholar2. Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1997; 20:1183-97. Google Scholar3. Eastman RC, Vinicor F. Science: moving us in the right direction. Diabetes Care. 1997; 20:1057-8. Google Scholar4. McCance DR, Hanson RL, Pettitt DJ, Bennett PH, Hadden DR, Knowler WC. Diagnosing diabetes mellitus-do we need new criteria? Diabetologia. 1997; 40:247-55. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Frank Davidoff, MD, EditorAffiliations: PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byEtiology of Hyperglycemia in Hospitalized Patients Using the A1C TestChanges in blood plasma volume in rats during ontogenesisWorksite-Based Diabetes Disease Management ProgramDiagnosing diabetes in 2000Evaluation of a Worksite-Based Patient Education Intervention Targeted at Employees With Diabetes MellitusFacts and Ideas from Anywhere 1 August 1997Volume 127, Issue 3Page: 235-237KeywordsBlood plasmaBlood sugarDiabetes mellitusGestational diabetesGlucoseHemoglobinInsulin resistanceOral glucose tolerance testPopulation statisticsType 2 diabetes ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 1 August 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
PREDICTION OF RAISED LEFT ATRIAL PRESSURE BY THE DIFFERENCE OF ISOVOLUMIC RELAXATION TIME INTERVAL AMONG PATIENTS WITH MITRAL VALVE DISEASE: RESULTS FROM THE ORIGINAL AND VALIDATION POPULATION
Authors: Vivek Chaturvedi, Neeraj Parakh, Vijay Trehan, Sanjay Tyagi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Future Trials of Antiplatelet Agents in Cardiac Ischemia
Authors: Douglas C. Throckmorton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

During the past 10 years there has been a revolution in the management of acute coronary syndromes, which include unstable angina and non–Q-wave myocardial infarction, and reductions in the rate of adverse events after percutaneous coronary revascularization. Physicians today use a wealth of newly developed drug therapies, including low-molecular-weight heparins, thrombin inhibitors, and inhibitors of platelet activation.1,2 Among these therapies, intravenous agents that block the final common pathway for platelet activation, called glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, have been studied and approved for use in patients with acute coronary syndromes and in those undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization. Since 1993, three glycoprotein . . .
Disseminated Strongyloidiasis: Detectable and Preventable
Authors: Michael Katz
Journal: JAMA (1980)

The article "Disseminated Strongyloidiasis: Diagnosis Made by Sputum Examination," which appears elsewhere in this issue ofThe Journal(p 65), describes two cases of this condition in immunosuppressed patients. The number of similar reports has been increasing recently, and the phenomenon exemplified by the two patients herein described is neither new nor unusual. Dissemination of<i>Strongyloides</i>must be considered to be a serious complication of immunosuppression or immunosuppressive therapy because it may lead to death of the patient. Unlike almost all other complications of immunoincompetence, this one is wholly preventable by treatment of the original intestinal infection. Regrettably, patients who are immunosuppressed when first seen by a physician or patients who are made immunosuppressed in a variety of circumstances (cancer chemotherapy or renal transplantation) are not usually tested for the presence of<i>S stercoralis</i>. This is exactly what happened in the case reported, yet, the test is a simple one
Cancer of the oesophagus.
Authors: J Bancewicz
Journal: BMJ (1990)

reducing the infection rate.Resources may be wasted through introducing measures to control infection that are either ineffective or used inefficiently. 7Although antibiotic prophy- laxis for caesarean section reduces the risk of infection,8 savings to the hospital or benefits to the patient have not been fully measured.The evidence suggests that prophylactic antibiotics have an important place in preventing infection after caesarean section.Nevertheless, every effort must be made to avoid unnecessary operations and to ensure optimum surgical technique.Further studies are required to define which patients are most suitable for prophylaxis, the best choice of antibiotics, the optimum dosage regimen, and the potential risks of resistant organisms.
DNA Repair Biomarker Profiling of Head and Neck Cancer: Ku80 Expression Predicts Locoregional Failure and Death following Radiotherapy
Authors: Benjamin J. Moeller, John S. Yordy, Michelle D. Williams, Uma Giri, Uma Raju, David P. Molkentine, Lauren A. Byers, John V. Heymach, Michael D. Story, J. Jack Lee, Erich M Sturgis, Randal S. Weber, Adam S. Garden, K. Kian Ang, David L. Schwartz
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2011)

Radiotherapy plays an integral role in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Although proteins involved in DNA repair may predict HNSCC response to radiotherapy, none has been validated in this context. We examined whether differential expression of double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair proteins in HNSCC, the chief mediators of DNA repair following irradiation, predict for treatment outcomes.Archival HNSCC tumor specimens (n = 89) were assembled onto a tissue microarray and stained with antibodies raised against 38 biomarkers. The biomarker set was enriched for proteins involved in DSB repair, in addition to established mechanistic markers of radioresistance. Staining was correlated with treatment response and survival alongside established clinical and pathologic covariates. Results were validated in an independent intramural cohort (n = 34).Ku80, a key mediator of DSB repair, correlated most closely with clinical outcomes. Ku80 was overexpressed in half of all tumors, and its expression was independent of all other covariates examined. Ku80 overexpression was an independent predictor for both locoregional failure and mortality following radiotherapy (P < 0.01). The predictive power of Ku80 overexpression was confined largely to HPV-negative HNSCC, where it conferred a nine-fold greater risk of death at two years.Ku80 overexpression is a common feature of HNSCC, and is a candidate DNA repair-related biomarker for radiation treatment failure and death, particularly in patients with high-risk HPV-negative disease. It is a promising, mechanistically rational biomarker to select individual HPV-negative HNSCC patients for strategies to intensify treatment.
Perfect Correspondence of Mitral Valve Perforation Using Real-Time 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography
Authors: Hayato Tada, Eiichi Masuta, Mika Mori, Toshinari Tsubokawa, Tetsuo Konno, Kenshi Hayashi, Katsuharu Uchiyama, Masa-aki Kawashiri, Shigeyuki Tomita, Go Watanabe, Masakazu Yamagishi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Letter: prostaglandins and asthma.
Authors: A P Smith
Journal: BMJ (1975)

tumour, and this was significantly different (X2 with Yates's correction = 11-18, P<0001) from histopathologically reactive pa,tients.Though it is too soon to assess our results in terms of patients' survival, we would like to suggest that histopa,thological analysis of tumour and lymph nodes might provide an alternative when skin testing is not feasible.-We are, etc.,
The William C. Menninger Memorial Lecture: Psychiatry and Medicine, 1973.
Authors: John Romano
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1973The William C. Menninger Memorial Lecture: Psychiatry and Medicine, 1973.John Romano, M.D.John Romano, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-78-5-812_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIn the middle third of this century there were significant developments in the relations between psychiatry and medicine. Current trends in the design and objectives of undergraduate and graduate medical clinical curricula, together with ventures into community health services with the derivative establishment of paraprofessional personnel, introduce new issues that may influence materially the daily practice not only of the psychiatrist but of the general practicing physician, the internist, and the pediatrician.Consideration of these factors, and others, may help us to plan intelligently for the future in order that tomorrow's physician may be best prepared to meet the issues... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Rochester, New York. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1973Volume 78, Issue 5Page: 812-812KeywordsForecastingGraduate medical educationPrevention, policy, and public healthUndergraduates Issue Published: 1 May 1973 PDF DownloadLoading ...
Etymology of the word ‘Bimaristan’
Authors: J K Anand
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

With reference to the article by Miller (December 2006, JRSM) readers may be interested to know that in the Farsi language (Persian), Bimar means a patient (not a disease, which is Bimaree). Bimaristan means a place where patients reside. The etymology of words like ‘Afghanistan’ is now obvious.
Liver Resection Rate Following Downsizing Chemotherapy with Cetuximab in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Uk Real World Study
Authors: Hassan Malik, David Sherlock, Ian Pope, Iain Cameron, Brian Davidson, Salah Helmy, Aamir Khan, David Berry, Laura Parkes, Jonathan Maddern, Amanda Pulfer, Sheila Cooper
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Bracing those knees: how effective?
Authors: V. S. Cowart
Journal: JAMA (1990)

ATTEMPTING to prevent knee injuries, many athletes wear what they hope is a prophylactic knee brace. This is especially true in football, where the knee is the most frequent site of injury and the medial collateral the ligament most often injured.  However, Eric D. Zemper, PhD, of the Exercise Research Associates of Oregon, Portland, presented data in Colorado Springs, Colo, at the First International Olympic Committee World Congress on Sports Sciences from the Athletic Injury Monitoring System that indicate knee braces do not serve to reduce injuries, nor do they lessen the severity of injuries. Zemper says that, while the concept of the prophylactic knee brace is intuitively logical, the results from the survey seem to indicate that more developmental work on prophylactic braces must be done before there will be any prospect of significant impact on injury reduction.  Prophylactic knee braces are designed to protect against damage to the
Coexistent cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia
Authors: C.C. HARLAND, S.J. WHITTAKER, Y.L. NG, C.A. HOLDEN, E. WONG, N.P. SMITH
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Coexistent cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma and B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia Get access C.C. HARLAND, C.C. HARLAND Department of Dermatology, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, U.K. Dr C.C. Harland, Department of Dermatology, St Helier Hospital, Wrythe Lane, Carshalton SM5 lAA, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.J. WHITTAKER, S.J. WHITTAKER St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas's Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Y.L. NG, Y.L. NG St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas's Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.A. HOLDEN, C.A. HOLDEN Department of Dermatology, St Helier Hospital, Carshalton, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar E. WONG, E. WONG St Luke's Hospital, Guildford, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.P. SMITH N.P. SMITH St John's Dermatology Centre, St Thomas's Hospital, Lambeth Palace Road, London U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 5, 1 November 1992, Pages 519–523, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14852.x Published: 01 November 1992
Comparison of new faecal antigen test with 13C-urea breath test for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection and monitoring eradication treatment: prospective clinical evaluation
Authors: B. Braden
Journal: BMJ (2000)

The 13 C-urea breath test is currently regarded as the best non-invasive diagnostic method for detecting Helicobacter pylori infection, even when monitoring efficacy of treatment. 1-2Serological methods are not appropriate for such monitoring as antibodies stay for months after successful eradication. 3 A newly developed immunoassay that detects bacterial antigens in a faeces specimen might constitute a non-invasive technique for evaluating the efficacy of eradication regimens shortly after treatment is stopped.In this prospective study we compared a new antigen test for H pylori in faeces 4 with the reference method of monitoring treatment, the 13 C-urea breath test.We intended to evaluate the clinical validity of the test for first diagnosis of H pylori infection and for monitoring efficacy of eradication treatment.
THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC HEMOLYTIC JAUNDICE WITH LIVER EXTRACT
Authors: EDWARD C. REIFENSTEIN
Journal: JAMA (1934)

While chronic hemolytic jaundice is an interesting clinical entity, medical textbooks contain little detailed information concerning the disease and consequently many physicians are not thoroughly familiar with the condition. Some authors mention that chronic hemolytic jaundice is a rare disease, while others state that it is relatively common; in fact, Lee<sup>1</sup>makes the statement that the increasing literature indicates that it is actually more common than pernicious anemia, and it is possible that this startling declaration is true when one considers that mild atypical types of chronic hemolytic jaundice exist. Two types of the disease are generally described, the congenital and the acquired. The former is more generally diagnosed, whereas the acquired type more frequently escapes recognition. Failure to diagnose the acquired type of the disease may be attributed to the unfamiliarity of physicians with the condition. Some authorities claim that there is a definite acquired type of chronic
AN ELECTRIC SKENEOSCOPE
Authors: H. W. E. Walther
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The chronicity of gonococcal infections in the lower urogenital tract of the female is attributive largely to the infection finding lodgment in three structures; namely, the cervical glands, the glands of Bartholin and Skene's glands. The first two named are relatively easy of access, but Skene's glands, situated just within the urethra, are not readily exposed. Although the position of these glands is usually just above the lateral planes and about one-fourth inch from the meatus when the patient is examined in the dorsal recumbent position, the exact location is not at all constant. Like ureteral orifices, abnormal placements are frequently observed. Nevertheless, once the diagnosis of gonococcal urethritis in the female has been established, it becomes imperative for the urologist to search for these foci of infection in order that they may be efficiently dealt with. Some years ago Chester B. Moore devised a cone-shaped endoscope, with the distal
Winner-takes-all and action selection
Authors: Daniel V. Meegan
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Winner-takes-all (WTA) typically describes a mechanism for selecting the highest peak of activity in a sensory map that encodes independent representations of potential targets. To Findlay &amp; Walker, WTA is an inherent property of a motor map that is incapable of representing multiple targets independently. Although the output of a WTA system should be characteristic of only one target, actions can be influenced by multiple targets.
Ethnic differences in selective neonatal BCG immunisation: white British children miss out
Authors: R Srinivasan
Journal: Thorax (2005)

<b>Background:</b> Tuberculosis (TB) is a re-emerging problem, especially in the larger cities of Western Europe. Selective neonatal BCG vaccination is recommended for infants at risk of TB in the UK. Neonatal BCG is safe and effective, with an overall protective value of 75%. This study aimed to assess BCG rates among at risk infants in Cardiff and the Vale of Glamorgan, South Wales in the year 2003. <b>Methods:</b> A cohort of infants at risk for TB was identified from demographic data stored on a computerised maternity activity database. A manual search of immunisation records determined overall rates and the rates for infants belonging to various ethnic groups. Results: Of 5308 infants born in 2003, 514 (9.6%) were at risk of TB; 423 (82.2%) of these infants were referred postnatally for BCG vaccination and 391 received it. Twenty six of the 41 at risk white British infants missed having a BCG vaccination compared with 47 of 288 Asian infants and seven of 39 black African babies. The rate of BCG vaccination among white British infants was 36.5% compared with 83.6% for Asian infants from the Indian subcontinent (χ<sup>2</sup> = 7.25, p&lt;0.01) and 82% for black African infants (χ<sup>2</sup> = 4.48, p&lt;0.05). Conclusions: The overall BCG rate among at risk infants in Cardiff was 76% during the study period. The vaccination rate was poor among white British infants compared with other ethnic groups. Enhanced awareness of health professionals to recognise the need for vaccinating certain white children at risk of TB is essential to improve BCG coverage in an increasingly multiethnic population.
TCT-42 Superior Outcomes Associated With Radial Versus Femoral Access In Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: An Observational Cohort Study of 10,095 patients. Results Of The Radial Versus Femoral Access In Mortality Reduction In Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (REALITY-NSTEMI) Study
Authors: M Bilal Iqbal, Aruna Arujuna, Andrew Archbold, Tom Crake, Sam Firoozi, Sundeep S. Kalra, Charles Knight, Pitt Lim, Iqbal S. Malik, Anthony Mathur, Pascal Meier, Roby Rakhit, Simon Redwood, Mark Whitbread, Dan Bromage, Krishnaraj Rathod, Andrew Wragg, Philip A. MacCarthy, Miles C. Dalby
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Balloon dilatation angioplasty: nonsurgical management of coarctation of the aorta.
Authors: R S Cooper, S B Ritter, R J Golinko
Journal: Circulation (1984)

Balloon dilatation angioplasty was successfully performed in five patients (ages 18 months to 17 years) with discrete aortic coarctation. The catheter size was No. 8F or 9F. Selection of balloon diameter was based on angiographic measurements of the aorta determined proximal and distal to the coarctation site. A 10 sec inflation-deflation cycle at 6 to 8 atmospheres (90 to 120 psi) was performed. The systolic pressure gradients across the coarctation before balloon dilatation angioplasty ranged from 35 to 70 mm Hg. Systolic pressure gradients after balloon dilatation angioplasty ranged from 0 to 10 mm Hg. All patients had normalized blood pressure immediately. Abnormal pulsed Doppler echocardiograms were observed in all patients before balloon dilatation angioplasty; four patients had normal echocardiograms after balloon dilatation angioplasty. No serious intraprocedural complications occurred. One patient required femoral artery thrombectomy 36 hr after balloon dilatation angioplasty. One to 6 months after balloon dilatation angioplasty no patients have evidence of restenosis of coarctation. Early results suggest that balloon dilatation angioplasty may offer a safe and effective nonsurgical alternative for the treatment of discrete coarctation in older infants and children. Long-term follow-up for the incidence of restenosis and formation of aneurysms will ultimately determine the efficacy and safety of this procedure.