tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 9791: Distention of the Immature Left Ventricle Triggers Development of Endocardial Fibroelastosis - An Animal Model Introducing Morpho-Pathological Features of Evolving Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome in Human Fetuses -
Authors: Shogo Shimada, Ben Illigens, Christian Robles, Alejandra Casar Berazaluce, Pedro J del Nido, Ingeborg Friehs
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE), characterized by diffuse endocardial thickening through collagen and elastin fibers, develops in the human fetal heart restricting growth of the left ventricle (LV). Although it has been speculated that an early hemodynamic insult to the fetal heart would play a key role in the development of EFE, its precise pathogenesis has not been elucidated. Recent advances in fetal imaging indicated that EFE development is directly associated with a distended, poorly contractile LV in evolving hypoplastic left heart syndrome. To test this hypothesis, we developed an animal model introducing this LV morpho-pathology to an immature rat heart. Methods: Femoral heterotopic rat heart transplantation, using neonatal donor hearts, was developed to facilitate postoperative echocardiographic evaluation of valvar and ventricular function. In one set (n=10), we created aortic regurgitation (AR), compared to a second set (n=14), where the aortic valve remained competent (no-AR). EFE...
A prospective re-audit of admissions and discharge delays occurring in patients admitted to a district general hospital's respiratory ward in the United Kingdom
Authors: Christopher Chadwick, Diane Murray, Rahul Sarkar, Ana de Ramon Casado
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  The National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death recommends that following initial assessment and treatment, patients should be transferred to a ward which is appropriate for their clinical condition.   Objective:  To assess delays prior to discharge for patients (respiratory vs non-respiratory) whom are medically fit for discharge, following a reduction in respiratory beds from 62 to 46 as recommended by Sarker et al 2010.   Methods:  A prospective 2-week audit was conducted on respiratory wards and included patients admitted under three respiratory consultants. Information collated: date of admission and of discharge, age, primary medical diagnosis and reason for delay.   Results:    Conclusions:  A reduction in respiratory beds lead to a reduction in patients with delayed discharge regardless of the underlying medical diagnosis. All delays were still attributable to social reasons. Efficient triage and transfer to appropriate wards on admission will further reduce the number of delayed discharges.
New Guidance on PSA Testing
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2000)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa serogroup O:11 outbreak in an intensive care unit
Authors: Panayotis T. Tassios, Vassiliki Gennimata, Lemonia Spaliara-Kalogeropoulou, Chryssa Koutsia, Alkiviadis C. Vatopoulos, Nicholas J. Legakis, Dimitris Kairis
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (1997)
The Preservation and Handling of Vein Grafts in Current Surgical Practice
Authors: Judson B. Williams, Ralf E. Harskamp, Saideep Bose, Jeffrey H. Lawson, John H. Alexander, Peter K. Smith, Renato D. Lopes
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2015)

Despite the recognized importance of vein graft preservation, a paucity of data exists regarding how vein grafts are handled and preserved in everyday practice.As such, we sought to characterize the techniques of vein graft preservation and handling among a large cohort of high-performing US cardiovascular hospitals and to report the findings.
Abstract 16506: Regional Heterogeneity of Ventricular Contractility Enhances Efficacy of Cardiac Resynchronization
Authors: Viatcheslav Gurev, Jason Constantino, Yuxuan Hu, Natalia A Trayanova
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) improves systolic function of the failing heart, increasing ejection fraction and stroke work of the left ventricle (LV). However, the mechanisms by which this improvement takes place are not fully understood. Research has shown that in the failing heart the maximal circumferential shortening was significantly greater in the lateral wall than in other LV locations. We hypothesize that regional heterogeneity in ventricular contractility is an important mechanism underlying CRT efficacy. We employed a novel MRI-based 3D electromechanical model of the failing canine ventricles to simulate contraction under left bundle branch block (LBBB). Systolic improvements induced by epicardial LV pacing at the midbase of the lateral wall were compared between model ventricles with spatially homogeneous and heterogeneous mechanical properties of cardiac tissue. Heterogeneity in ventricular contractility was introduced by increasing myofilament Ca sensitivity (ΔpCa50=0.31 at sarcome...
Evaluation of imiquimod for the therapy of external genital and anal warts in comparison with destructive therapies
Authors: H. Schöfer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2007)

Journal Article Evaluation of imiquimod for the therapy of external genital and anal warts in comparison with destructive therapies Get access H. Schöfer H. Schöfer Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University Hospital, J.W. Goethe University, Theodor‐Stern‐Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/M, Germany Correspondence: Helmut Schöfer. E‐mail: Schoefer@em.uni‐frankfurt.de Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 157, Issue s2, 1 December 2007, Pages 52–55, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08274.x Published: 01 December 2007
Transepidermal delivery of β-blocking agents: evaluation of enhancer effects using stratum corneum lipid liposomes1The data were presented in part at the Tenth Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Miami Beach, FL, 1995.1
Authors: T.Marjukka Suhonen, Lea Pirskanen, Mervi Räisänen, Kirsi Kosonen, J.Howard Rytting, Petteri Paronen, Arto Urtti
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (1997)
LH and hCG-mediated signaling in ovarian granulosa cells
Authors: Rajesh Kalra
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

B47  Hormones play a role, directly or indirectly, in the genesis and growth of the cancer. In vitro cell culture system is most suitable to study changes induced by hormonal variations in different organs. Dr. Chapekar at AIIMS developed an in vitro model of goat ovarian granulosa cells, which on subjecting to LH stress, got immortalized and developed into a cell line hCG, another trophic hormone for granulosa cells shares the same receptor as LH targets cells. This study is undertaken to determine the effect of sustained stimulation by LH and hCG on freshly isolated ovarian granulosa cells in culture and differences in the LH and hCG mediated downstream signaling mechanisms, if any. We observed a marked difference in the morphology and growth pattern between the LH and hCG treated and untreated cells. LH treated cells were transparent, spindle shaped with elongated cell extensions. hCG treated cells were distinctly polygonal with shorter cell extensions, while untreated cells were smaller with fewer extensions and lesser in number as compared to the hormone treated cells. Cell proliferation rate was estimated by daily counting of cells from each subset. Cell doubling time was found to be less in LH treated cells as compared to that of control and hCG treated cells. Functional characterization of the granulosa cells was done by estimation of progesterone in supernatant by ELISA. Levels of progesterone were similar in all three subsets. For downstream signaling, expression of total ERK1/2 and pERK1/2 was determined by western blot. The expression of phosphorylated ERK1/2 was found to be maximum at 30 minutes in both the hormone treated and untreated cells in a time kinetics study. Characterization of the granulosa cells subjected to LH and hCG stress would enable the use of these cells as model systems to study conditions such as polycystic ovarian syndrome and cancers.
Abstract 11636: Right Ventricle Lymphatic Vessel Insufficiency Contributes to Interstitial Fluid Stasis, Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Failure in Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Kelley L Colvin, Ozus Lohani, Sarah M Williams, D D Ivy, Kurt R Stenmark, Michael E Yeager
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by cardiopulmonary remodeling. The ensuing right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and failure contribute to significant mortality. Pericardial effusion worsens the prognosis for PH patients, yet no mechanistic data are available. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that lymphatic vessels in rat models of PH would be decreased and dysfunctional compared to controls. Methods: We used the Sugen 5416-hypoxia (Su-Hx) and monocrotaline (MCT) models of PH. To assess the degree of cardiac lymphatic vascularity, identify cell types, and to evaluate cell junction complexes in PH rats vs. controls, we used flow cytomtery, qPCR, immunofluorescence, and immunoblot. To assess myocardial edema, we used wet-to-dry weight ratios, echocardiography, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In patients, we used echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging to quantify RV edema and pericardial effusion. Results: We found that the presence of pericardial effusion by either MRI or echocardiography correlated with lower cardiac output in patients with PH (n =6). We found decreased lymphatics in RVs of rats with PH due to either Su-Hx or MCT, compared to controls (n= 5 per group). In the heart, AQP-1+/vWF-/KDR- lymphatic vessels co-expressed podoplanin and were distributed throughout the RV in controls and much less so in PH rats. Lymphatics appeared unchanged in size or number in the left ventricle of all rats. We found increases in myocardial fluid in RVs of PH rats vs. controls, which correlated positively with fibrosis and negatively to cardiac output. The presence of excess myocardial fluid coincided with collagen deposition but without increases in CD68, CD11b, CD11c, or CD163 macrophage infiltration. We observed disturbed connexin-43 and claudin-5 junctional complexes around alpha-actinin+ myocytes and TCF21+ cardiac fibroblasts in PH RVs compared to controls. Conclusions: In severe PH, RV function is likely impaired by insufficient lymphatic-mediated fluid clearance and the presence of dysfunctional cell junctions. A clearer understanding of how the cardiac lymphatic system impacts the pathobiology of PH may lead to novel therapy.
Rapid Determination of Epstein-Barr Virus–Specific CD8+T-Cell Frequencies by Flow Cytometry
Authors: Kiyotaka Kuzushima, Yo Hoshino, Ken Fujii, Naoaki Yokoyama, Masatoshi Fujita, Tohru Kiyono, Hiroshi Kimura, Tsuneo Morishima, Yasuo Morishima, Tatsuya Tsurumi
Journal: Blood (1999)
Hepatocyte divalent metal-ion transporter-1 is dispensable for hepatic iron accumulation and non-transferrin-bound iron uptake in mice
Authors: Chia-Yu Wang, Mitchell D. Knutson
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Divalent metal-ion transporter-1 (DMT1) is required for iron uptake by the intestine and developing erythroid cells. DMT1 is also present in the liver, where it has been implicated in the uptake of transferrin-bound iron (TBI) and non-transferrin-bound iron (NTBI), which appears in the plasma during iron overload. To test the hypothesis that DMT1 is required for hepatic iron uptake, we examined mice with the Dmt1 gene selectively inactivated in hepatocytes ( Dmt1liv/liv ). We found that Dmt1liv/liv mice and controls ( Dmt1flox/flox ) did not differ in terms of hepatic iron concentrations or other parameters of iron status. To determine whether hepatocyte DMT1 is required for hepatic iron accumulation, we crossed Dmt1liv/liv mice with Hfe− / − and hypotransferrinemic ( Trfhpx/hpx ) mice that develop hepatic iron overload. Double-mutant Hfe− / −Dmt1liv/liv and Trfhpx/hpx;Dmt1liv/liv mice were found to accumulate similar amounts of hepatic iron as did their respective controls. To directly assess the role of DMT1 in NTBI and TBI uptake, we injected 59Fe-labeled ferric citrate (for NTBI) or 59Fe-transferrin into plasma of Dmt1liv/liv and Dmt1flox/flox mice and measured uptake of 59Fe by the liver. Dmt1liv/liv mice displayed no impairment of hepatic NTBI uptake, but TBI uptake was 40% lower. Hepatic levels of transferrin receptors 1 and 2 and ZRT/IRT-like protein 14, which may also participate in iron uptake, were unaffected in Dmt1liv/liv mice. Additionally, liver iron levels were unaffected in Dmt1liv/liv mice fed an iron-deficient diet. Conclusion : Hepatocyte DMT1 is dispensable for hepatic iron accumulation and NTBI uptake. Although hepatocyte DMT1 is partially required for hepatic TBI uptake, hepatic iron levels were unaffected in Dmt1liv/liv mice, suggesting that this pathway is a minor contributor to the iron economy of the liver. (Hepatology 2013;58:788–798)
Subvalvular Repair
Authors: Frank Langer, Filiberto Rodriguez, Saskia Ortiz, Allen Cheng, Tom C. Nguyen, Mary K. Zasio, David Liang, George T. Daughters, Neil B. Ingels, D. Craig Miller
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Residual or recurrent mitral regurgitation frequently occurs after mitral ring annuloplasty repair for ischemic mitral regurgitation (IMR), because annuloplasty primarily addresses annular dilatation. We describe a subvalvular repair technique addressing posterior papillary muscle (PPM) displacement.Ten sheep had radiopaque markers placed on the left ventricle (LV) and mitral apparatus. A suture was anchored at the right fibrous trigone, passed through the PPM tip and LV wall, and exteriorized through a tourniquet (STRING-1). A second suture was anchored transmurally in the high septum (anterobasal LV wall) and passed through the PPM and LV wall (STRING-2). Reversible posterolateral ischemia was induced by temporarily occluding the proximal circumflex artery. Under open chest conditions, 3D marker coordinates were obtained with biplane videofluoroscopy at baseline and during acute ischemia before and after tightening of each STRING using transesophageal echocardiography to grade IMR. IMR decreased (mean+/-SEM, 2.0+/-0.1 to 1.2+/-0.1; P<0.05) when STRING-1 was tightened, did not change after tightening STRING-2 (2.3+/-0.1 to 2.3+/-0.1), and decreased after tightening both sutures (STRING-1+2, 2.3+/-0.2 to 1.3+/-0.2; P<0.05). STRING-1 and STRING-1+2 (STRING-1, 1.7+/-0.4 mm; STRING-2, 0.7+/-0.5 mm; STRING-1+2, 1.5+/-0.3 mm; P<0.05) resulted in significant PPM basal repositioning. Tightening of any STRING sutures did not affect anterior mitral leaflet excursion.Basal repositioning of the PPM with STRING-1 reduced acute IMR without concomitant annular reduction. This technique may be a useful adjunct if residual IMR is likely after undersized ring annuloplasty.
ApoA-1 Milano and Regression of Atherosclerosis—Reply
Authors: Steven E. Nissen
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 4247: Characterization of the selective pan-RAF inhibitor TAK-632 with antitumor activity in BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma
Authors: Akito Nakamura, Takeo Arita, Shuntarou Tsuchiya, Jill Donelan, Jouhara Chouitar, Elizabeth Carideo, Katherine Galvin, Masanori Okaniwa, Tomoyasu Ishikawa, Sei Yoshida
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Melanoma is one of the deadliest and most aggressive forms of skin cancer, arising from the malignant transformation of pigment-producing cells, melanocytes. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is particularly important for the survival and proliferation of melanoma cells and somatic mutations in BRAF and NRAS are frequently observed in melanoma. Recently, it has been reported that the BRAF inhibitors vemurafenib and dabrafenib showed high response rates and improved overall survival in melanomas with BRAF-activating mutations. However, as BRAF inhibitors induce RAF paradoxical activation via RAF dimerization in BRAF wild-type cells, rapid emergence of acquired resistance and secondary skin tumors as well as presence of few effective treatment options for melanoma bearing wild-type BRAF (including NRAS mutant melanoma) are clinical concerns. In this preclinical study, we describe the biological characterization of TAK-632 as a potent and selective pan-RAF inhibitor that suppresses RAF activity in BRAF wild-type cells with minimal RAF paradoxical activation. We used both genetic and chemical approaches to investigate the dependence of NRAS-mutated melanoma and BRAF inhibitor-resistant BRAF mutant melanoma cells on RAF. Our analysis reveals that the MAPK pathway and proliferation of these cells is highly dependent on RAF. Such dependence was not observed in several RAS/RAF-wild type and KRAS-mutated cells. We also show that TAK-632 induces RAF dimerization but inhibits the kinase activity of the RAF dimer, probably because of its slow dissociation from RAF. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the combination of TAK-632 and various MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitors exhibits synergistic anti-proliferative effects on these cells. Our findings indicate that TAK-632 has favorable characteristics in terms of suppressing the proliferation of NRAS mutant melanoma and BRAF inhibitor-resistant BRAF mutant melanoma cells. Citation Format: Akito Nakamura, Takeo Arita, Shuntarou Tsuchiya, Jill Donelan, Jouhara Chouitar, Elizabeth Carideo, Katherine Galvin, Masanori Okaniwa, Tomoyasu Ishikawa, Sei Yoshida. Characterization of the selective pan-RAF inhibitor TAK-632 with antitumor activity in BRAF inhibitor-resistant melanoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4247. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4247
Predictive value of thymidylate synthase and folylpoly-glutamate synthetase for clinical benefit from pemetrexed in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
Authors: D. C. Christoph, C. Mascaux, M. W. Wynes, B. Reyna Asuncion, J. Wohlschlaeger, D. Theegarten, T. C. Gauler, M. H. Schuler, W. E. E. Eberhardt, F. R. Hirsch
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

7024 Background: The antifolate pemetrexed (PMX) targets multiple enzymes involved in pyrimidine and purine synthesis including thymidylate synthase (TS). After entry into cells, PMX is converted to more potent polyglutamated forms by folylpoly-γ-glutamate synthetase (FPGS), a critical step to achieve full target inhibition. We hypothesized that FPGS and TS protein expression may predict response and outcome following PMX treatment of patients (pts) with malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). Methods: Pre-treatment tumor samples from 64 pts with MPM, treated with PMX combined with platinum (58/64) or as single agent (6/64), were retrospectively analyzed. TS and FPGS protein expression levels were evaluated by immunohistochemistry using the H-Scoring system (ranging from 0 to 300), which relies on the product of intensity of specific tumor cell immunoreactivity (range 0 to 3) and the percentage of positive tumor cells. Radiologic evaluation of response was performed according to RECIST. Results: Median pre-treatment H-scores were 220 (range: 50-300) for TS and 240 for FPGS (range: 110-300). Using the log-rank test and the median H-score as cut-off, we found a significant association of improved progression-free survival (PFS) with low TS protein expression (median PFS of 223 vs 181 days; hazard ratio [HR] 0.574, 95% CI, 0.330 to 0.997; P=0.049). High FPGS protein expression was associated with objective response (mean H-score 254 for responders vs 233 for non-responders, P=0.026) as well with absolute clinical benefit meaning objective response and disease control (mean H-score 248 for responders and stable disease pts vs 220 for progressive disease pts, P=0.005). We found an association of high FPGS protein expression with prolonged PFS (median PFS of 199 vs 97 days; HR 0.487, 95% CI, 0.093 to 1.068; P=0.013), additionally. Conclusions: This is the first report of FPGS examination in MPM. Based on our retrospective study, base line determination of TS and FPGS expression may be predictive for clinical benefit of PMX-based therapy in MPM. Confirmation of the prognostic and predictive value of TS and FPGS expression in MPM by prospective studies is warranted.