tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Recent Studies of Alcoholic Myopathy, Including Electron Microscopy.
Authors: Gerald T. Perkoff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1967)

s1 May 1967Recent Studies of Alcoholic Myopathy, Including Electron Microscopy.Gerald T. Perkoff, M.D., F.A.C.P., Virgil Bleisch, M.D., George Klinkerfuss, M.D., Marconi Dioso, M.D.Gerald T. Perkoff, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Virgil Bleisch, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, George Klinkerfuss, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, Marconi Dioso, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-1064_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptSeveral muscular abnormalities exist in alcoholism. Studies reveal biochemical alterations in asymptomatic alcoholic patients, acute myopathies, and a chronic proximal myopathy. We report here experience with 48 asymptomatic alcoholics, 6 with acute myopathy (1 with gross myoglobinuria, 5 with severe cramps or tenderness or both and weakness) and 10 with chronic myopathy. Transition from acute to chronic myopathy was observed.Many asymptomatic alcoholics described muscle cramps in the past; 36 out of 48 had elevated serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK). Other changes included abnormal lactic acid responses to ischemic exercise and micromyoglobinuria (detected by immunodiffusion). The patient with gross myoglobinuria and... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Gerald T. Perkoff, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Virgil Bleisch, M.D.; George Klinkerfuss, M.D.; Marconi Dioso, M.D.Affiliations: St. Louis, Missouri PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1967Volume 66, Issue 5Page: 1064-1064KeywordsAlcoholicsAlcoholismCreatineCreatinine phosphokinaseElectron microscopyExerciseLactic acidMuscles ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1967 PDF downloadLoading ...
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty: report of complications from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute PTCA Registry.
Authors: G Dorros, M J Cowley, J Simpson, L G Bentivoglio, P C Block, M Bourassa, K Detre, A J Gosselin, A R Grüntzig, S F Kelsey, K M Kent, M B Mock, S M Mullin, R K Myler, E R Passamani, S H Stertzer, D O Williams
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The complications reported in the first 1500 patients enrolled in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Percutaneous Transluminal Coronary Angioplasty (PTCA) Registry are analyzed. Data were contributed from 73 centers between September 1977 and April 1981. PTCA was successful in 63% of attempts. Five hundred forty-three in-hospital complications occurred in 314 patients (21%). The most frequent complications were prolonged angina in 121, myocardial infarction (MI) in 72, and coronary occlusion in 70. One hundred thirty-eight patients (9.2%) had major complications (MI, emergency surgery or in-hospital death). One hundred two patients (6.8%) required emergency surgery, usually for coronary dissection or coronary occlusion. Sixteen patients (1.1%) died in-hospital; the mortality rate was 0.85% in patients with one-vessel disease and 1.9% in those with multivessel disease. The mortality rate was significantly higher in patients who had had bypass surgery (p less than 0.001). Nonfatal complications were significantly influenced by the presence of unstable angina (p less than 0.001) and initial lesion severity greater than 90% diameter stenosis (p less than 0.001). This report delineates and assesses the complications encountered with PTCA during its initial 3 1/2-year clinical experience. These results support the relative safety of PTCA as a method of nonsurgical myocardial revascularization in carefully selected patients.
Epigenetic modification induced by hepatitis B virus X protein via interaction with de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A
Authors: Da-Li Zheng, Li Zhang, Na Cheng, Xiao Xu, Qing Deng, Xiao-Mei Teng, Ke-Sheng Wang, Xin Zhang, Jian Huang, Ze-Guang Han
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
Coronary-Artery Bypass Surgery and the Brain
Authors: Ola A. Selnes, Guy M. McKhann
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

Coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a very effective procedure for reducing angina and stabilizing ventricular function. It is not surprising, therefore, that more than 500,000 bypass procedures are performed in the United States each year. As techniques for anesthesia and surgery have advanced, the population considered eligible for this procedure has changed; candidates for CABG may now be not only older than in the past but also more likely to have such health problems as hypertension and diabetes. In addition, an increasing number of patients have previously undergone angioplasty, thereby delaying their initial CABG surgery to a more advanced age. . . .
Routine Urine Bilirubin Determinations
Authors: John H. Ivy
Journal: JAMA (1961)

THIS INVESTIGATION was carried out to determine the practicability of routine urine bilirubin determinations employing a simple chemical test. Routine tests are justified only when the results obtained are sufficient to make the effort expended worth while. Konzelmann<sup>1</sup>recommended routine testing for bile pigment in the urine using the Harrison spot test in 1948, because it yielded helpful information in a wide variety of symptom complexes. Shutkin and Caine<sup>2</sup>reported the results of testing for bile in the urine of 1,000 consecutive hospital admissions in 1954. They used a diagnostic reagent (Ictotest) for determining bile in the urine and found unsuspected liver disease in 1%. They recommended that this test be routine. <h3>Material and Methods</h3> The results reported in this paper were recorded during the course of routine examination of the urines from patients attending The Elkhart Clinic, Elkhart, Ind., in the 6-year period from 1954 through 1959.
Complications in Surgery and Trauma
Authors: R. Dale Liechty
Journal: JAMA (1990)

With 30 new authors, this second edition, much improved over the first, has matured into what the legal profession calls a "learned treatise," easily admissible in court. I sincerely hope that more surgeons than lawyers will profit from these 61 excellent chapters concerning surgical complications. "Complications in surgery" and "trauma complications" are loathsome words to surgeons. "Prevention and management of complications," however, are encouraging words, and that is what this book is all about. It especially emphasizes methods to avoid complications. For example, the chapter complications of Parathyroid Surgery" describes a step-by-step technique for finding parathyroid glands. The section ends with this comment: "Ideally, the failure rate of cervical explorations in patients with primary HPT [hyperparathyroidism] should not exceed the incidence of ectopically located inferior gland adenomas, deep within the mediastinum." In other words, when the adenoma is in the neck, the surgeon should find it. The author advises identifying
Survey of influenza antibody in England by the strain-specific complement-fixation test.
Authors: M S Pereira, P Chakraverty, T M Pollock, J G Pope
Journal: BMJ (1967)

Hepatic Coma-McLean and LukeRRITISH simultaneously to give blood from donors and remove blood from the patient.Polyvinyl tubing and Teflon catheters are used to lessen the risk of blood-clotting.In four patients suffering from hepatic coma this method of treatment was given.Blood values showed improvement and one patient recovered.It is postulated that unmodified blood transfusion has a place in treatment of liver failure particularly when associated with severe bleeding.We wish to thank Dr. Morris C.
Epidemic of AIDS related virus (HTLV-III/LAV) infection among intravenous drug abusers.
Authors: J R Robertson, A B Bucknall, P D Welsby, J J Roberts, J M Inglis, J F Peutherer, R P Brettle
Journal: BMJ (1986)

<h3>Summary</h3> Metabolism of dietary compounds by the gut microbiota generates a vast array of microbiome-dependent metabolites (MDMs), which are highly variable between individuals. The uremic MDMs (uMDMs) phenylacetylglutamine (PAG), <i>p</i>-cresol sulfate (PCS) and indoxyl sulfate (IS) accumulate during renal failure and are associated with poor outcomes. Targeted dietary interventions may reduce toxic MDMs generation; however, it is unclear if interindividual differences in diet or gut microbiome dominantly contribute to MDM variance. Here we use a 7-day homogeneous average American diet to standardize dietary precursor availability in 21 healthy individuals. Notably, the coefficient of variation in three uMDMs of interest, PAG, PCS, and IS (primary outcome), did not significantly decrease. The majority of circulating MDMs maintained variation despite identical diets. These results highlight the highly personalized profile of MDMs and limited contribution of short-term dietary heterogeneity, suggesting that dietary modification may need to be paired with microbial therapies to control MDM profiles.
832 A novel sulfatase, HSULF1, down-regulates fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) signaling in human hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: J LAI, J CHIEN, J STAUB, I ADERCA, D MONTOYA, T MATTHEWS, D SMITH, E GREENE, V SHRIDHAR, L ROBERTS
Journal: Hepatology (2003)
A 10 Patient Case Report on the Impact of Plasmapheresis Upon Neutralizing Factors Against Adeno-associated Virus (AAV) Types 1, 2, 6, and 8
Authors: Virginie Monteilhet, Samir Saheb, Sylvie Boutin, Christian Leborgne, Philippe Veron, Marie-Françoise Montus, Philippe Moullier, Olivier Benveniste, Carole Masurier
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are small, nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses which require helper viruses to facilitate efficient replication. These recombinant viruses are some of the most promising candidates for therapeutic gene transfer to treat many genetic and acquired diseases. Nevertheless, the presence of humoral responses to the wild-type AAV common among humans is one of the limitations of in vivo transduction efficacy in humans using cognate recombinant vector. In this study, based on the serum samples that we were able to collect from various clinical situations, we studied the impact of one to five plasmapheresis (PP), at 1–5 day intervals on neutralizing factor (NAF) titers specific for AAV types 1, 2, 6, and 8 in seropositive patients with diverse pathologies and immunosuppressor treatments. We show that frequent sessions of PP result in drastic reduction of NAF specific for AAV1, 2, 6, and 8 to undetectable levels or titers <1:5, mainly when initial titers, i.e., before the first PP were ≤1:20. Altogether, these results show that the use of PP and its possible association with pharmacological immunosuppressive treatments may help to design optimal management of seropositive patients for AAV gene therapy treatments. Adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are small, nonenveloped single-stranded DNA viruses which require helper viruses to facilitate efficient replication. These recombinant viruses are some of the most promising candidates for therapeutic gene transfer to treat many genetic and acquired diseases. Nevertheless, the presence of humoral responses to the wild-type AAV common among humans is one of the limitations of in vivo transduction efficacy in humans using cognate recombinant vector. In this study, based on the serum samples that we were able to collect from various clinical situations, we studied the impact of one to five plasmapheresis (PP), at 1–5 day intervals on neutralizing factor (NAF) titers specific for AAV types 1, 2, 6, and 8 in seropositive patients with diverse pathologies and immunosuppressor treatments. We show that frequent sessions of PP result in drastic reduction of NAF specific for AAV1, 2, 6, and 8 to undetectable levels or titers <1:5, mainly when initial titers, i.e., before the first PP were ≤1:20. Altogether, these results show that the use of PP and its possible association with pharmacological immunosuppressive treatments may help to design optimal management of seropositive patients for AAV gene therapy treatments.
Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Adults: What is the Clinical Significance?
Authors: S. Sgouros, C. Bergele, A. Mantides
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Eosinophilic esophagitis is a condition that is being increasingly recognized in adults. The main presenting symptoms are dysphagia (93 %), food impaction (62 %), and heartburn (24 %). A history of allergy is obtained in 52 % of patients and peripheral eosinophilia is found in 31 % of patients with this condition. Esophageal manometric studies have provided evidence of a nonspecific motility disorder in 40 % of patients. Endoscopic findings include mucosal fragility or edema (59 %), solitary or multiple concentric rings (49 %), strictures (40 %), whitish pinpoint exudates or papules (16 %), and a small-caliber esophagus (5 %); 9 % of patients present with a normal endoscopy. Esophageal dilation in adults with eosinophilic esophagitis has limited efficacy and is associated with an increased complication rate compared with dilation in patients with benign strictures. The administration of inhaled or systemic corticosteroids results in symptomatic improvement in nearly 95 % of patients. A trial with corticosteroids before bougienage may reduce active inflammation and therefore the complication rate of the procedure.
Functional characterization of calcium-sensing receptor mutations expressed in human embryonic kidney cells.
Authors: S H Pearce, M Bai, S J Quinn, O Kifor, E M Brown, R V Thakker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G-protein-coupled receptor that plays a key role in extracellular calcium ion homeostasis. We have engineered 11 CaR mutants that have been described in the disorders familial benign hypercalcemia (FBH), neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism (NSHPT), and autosomal dominant hypocalcaemia (ADH), and studied their function by characterizing intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i transients in response to varying concentrations of extracellular calcium [Ca2+]o or gadolinium [Gd3+]o. The wild type receptor had an EC50 for calcium (EC50[Ca2+]o) (the value of [Ca2+]o producing half of the maximal increase in [Ca2+]i) of 4.0 mM (+/- 0.1 SEM). However, five missense mutations associated with FBH or NSHPT, (P55L, N178D, P221S, R227L, and V817I) had significantly higher EC50[Ca2+]os of between 5.5 and 9.3 mM (all P < 0.01). Another FBH mutation, Y218S, had an EC50[Ca2+]o of > 50 mM but had only a mildly attenuated response to gadolinium, while the FBH mutations, R680C and P747fs, were unresponsive to either calcium or gadolinium. In contrast, three mutations associated with ADH, (F128L, T151M, and E191K), showed significantly reduced EC50[Ca2+]os of between 2.2 and 2.8 mM (all P < 0.01). These findings provide insights into the functional domains of the CaR and demonstrate that mutations which enhance or reduce the responsiveness of the CaR to [Ca2+]o cause the disorders ADH, FBH, and NSHPT, respectively.
Clinical Protocols and Trainee Knowledge About Mechanical Ventilation
Authors: Meeta Prasad, Eric S. Holmboe, Rebecca S. Lipner, Brian J. Hess, Jason D. Christie, Scarlett L. Bellamy, Gordon D. Rubenfeld, Jeremy M. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Clinical protocols are associated with improved patient outcomes; however, they may negatively affect medical education by removing trainees from clinical decision making.To study the relationship between critical care training with mechanical ventilation protocols and subsequent knowledge about ventilator management.A retrospective cohort equivalence study, linking a national survey of mechanical ventilation protocol availability in accredited US pulmonary and critical care fellowship programs with knowledge about mechanical ventilation among first-time examinees of the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) Critical Care Medicine Certification Examination in 2008 and 2009. Exposure to protocols was defined as high intensity if an examinee's training intensive care unit had 2 or more protocols for at least 3 years and as low intensity if 0 or 1 protocol.Knowledge, measured by performance on examination questions specific to mechanical ventilation management, calculated as a mechanical ventilation score using item response theory. The score is standardized to a mean (SD) of 500 (100), and a clinically important difference is defined as 25. Variables included in adjusted analyses were birth country, residency training country, and overall first-attempt score on the ABIM Internal Medicine Certification Examination.Ninety of 129 programs (70%) responded to the survey. Seventy-seven programs (86%) had protocols for ventilation liberation, 66 (73%) for sedation management, and 54 (60%) for lung-protective ventilation at the time of the survey. Eighty-eight (98%) of these programs had trainees who completed the ABIM Critical Care Medicine Certification Examination, totaling 553 examinees. Of these 88 programs, 27 (31%) had 0 protocols, 19 (22%) had 1 protocol, 24 (27%) had 2 protocols, and 18 (20%) had 3 protocols for at least 3 years. Forty-two programs (48%) were classified as high intensity and 46 (52%) as low intensity, with 304 trainees (55%) and 249 trainees (45%), respectively. In bivariable analysis, no difference in mean scores was observed in high-intensity (497; 95% CI, 486-507) vs low-intensity programs (497; 95% CI, 485-509). Mean difference was 0 (95% CI, -16 to 16), with a positive value indicating a higher score in the high-intensity group. In multivariable analyses, no association of training was observed in a high-intensity program with mechanical ventilation score (adjusted mean difference, -5.36; 95% CI, -20.7 to 10.0).Among first-time ABIM Critical Care Medicine Certification Examination examinees, training in a high-intensity ventilator protocol environment compared with a low-intensity environment was not associated with worse performance on examination questions about mechanical ventilation management.
Gastric form of alpha chain disease.
Authors: J Coulbois, P Galian, A Galian, B Couteaux, F Danon, J Rambaud
Journal: Gut (1986)

A case of alpha chain disease, involving the stomach only, is reported in an Algerian man suffering from epigastric pains. Upper digestive tract fibreoptic endoscopy showed two antral ulcers and an ulcerative gastritis pattern, which promptly disappeared with cimetidine treatment. Antral biopsies at a distance from the ulcers, but not of the ulcer crater itself, disclosed a dense infiltration of antral lamina propria by mature or sometimes atypical plasma cells. On transmural surgical antral biopsy, the infiltrate spread to the superficial part of the submucosa. No other localisation of the disease was found in spite of multiple biopsies obtained by endoscopy, with a peroral capsule and during staging laparotomy. The alpha chain disease protein was absent from serum and urine, but found in the gastric juice and in the cytoplasma of the cellular infiltrate (alpha 1 subclass). A complete clinical, endoscopic, histological and immunological remission was observed after a six months9 course of oral tetracycline.
The Blood Pressure of Hypertensive Smokers
Authors: R. S. Vasan
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — I read with interest the report by Mann et al,<sup>1</sup>in which they have documented an elevated daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure (BP) in smokers above the age of 50 years as compared with nonsmokers. Mann et al proposed possible explanations for these observations, which include recurring acute pressor effects of nicotine and a smoking-induced reduction in vascular compliance. There may be another contributory mechanism that has not been investigated by the authors. Smoking is associated with a change in the pattern of body fat distribution that results in a higher waist-to-hip circumference ratio in smokers as compared with nonsmokers.<sup>2</sup>A high waist-to-hip circumference ratio has been strongly correlated to hyperinsulinemia (insulin resistance) and hypertension.<sup>3</sup>It would, therefore, be interesting to know whether Mann et al measured the waist-to-hip circumference ratios of their subjects and, if so, whether there was any difference between
DOCK2 Is Essential for Antigen-Induced Translocation of TCR and Lipid Rafts, but Not PKC-θ and LFA-1, in T Cells
Authors: Terukazu Sanui, Ayumi Inayoshi, Mayuko Noda, Eiko Iwata, Masahiro Oike, Takehiko Sasazuki, Yoshinori Fukui
Journal: Immunity (2003)
Postal survey of patients' satisfaction with a general practice out of hours cooperative
Authors: C. Salisbury
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b>To assess patients9 satisfaction with out of hours care by a general practice cooperative compared with that by a deputising service. <b>Design:</b>Postal questionnaire survey. <b>Setting:</b>A general practice cooperative in London and a deputising service operating in an overlapping area. <b>Subjects:</b>Weighted samples of patients receiving telephone advice, a home visit, or attending a primary care centre after contacting either service in an eight week period. <b>Main outcome measures:</b>Patients9 overall satisfaction and scores for specific aspects of satisfaction. Satisfaction with telephone advice or attendance at centre compared with home visit. Relation between satisfaction and patient9s age, sex, ethnic group, car ownership, preference for consulting own doctor, and expectation of a visit. <b>Results:</b>The overall response rate was 67% (1555/2312). There was little difference in overall satisfaction between patients contacting the cooperative or the deputising service, but patients contacting the latter were less satisfied with the explanation and advice received and the wait for a visit. There were significant differences between patients in different age and ethnic groups, with white patients and those aged over 60 years being more satisfied. Lower scores for overall satisfaction were reported by patients who received telephone advice, those who would have preferred to see their own doctor or who originally wanted a home visit, and those who waited longer for their consultation. Overall levels of patients9 satisfaction seemed to be lower than previously reported. <b>Conclusions:</b>There were larger differences in satisfaction between different groups of patients than between different models of organisation for out of hours care. A shift to a service based predominantly on telephone advice may lead to increased patient dissatisfaction. <h3>Key messages</h3> Recent growth in general practice cooperatives for out of hours care has changed the way that care is delivered, and this study assessed patients9 satisfaction with a general practice cooperative compared with a deputising service There was little difference in overall satisfaction between patients contacting the cooperative or the deputising service, but a substantial minority of patients expressed dissatisfaction with some aspects of both out of hours services Patients given telephone advice, especially when they had wanted a visit, and those from non-white ethnic groups were particularly likely to be dissatisfied Lower scores for overall satisfaction were also found in younger patients, those who would have preferred to see their own doctor, and those who waited longer for their consultation If out of hours services are based predominantly on telephone advice patients9 satisfaction may decline