tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A randomized phase 3 study of tipifarnib compared with best supportive care, including hydroxyurea, in the treatment of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia in patients 70 years or older
Authors: Jean-Luc Harousseau, Giovanni Martinelli, Wieslaw W. Jedrzejczak, Joseph M. Brandwein, Dominique Bordessoule, Tamas Masszi, Gert J. Ossenkoppele, Julia A. Alexeeva, Gernot Beutel, Johan Maertens, Maria-Belen Vidriales, Hervé Dombret, Xavier Thomas, Alan K. Burnett, Tadeusz Robak, Nuriet K. Khuageva, Anatoly K. Golenkov, Elena Tothova, Lars Mollgard, Youn C. Park, Annick Bessems, Peter De Porre, Angela J. Howes
Journal: Blood (2009)
Elevated cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in an adult patient with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. Reduction by a high glucose diet.
Authors: P W Stacpoole, S M Grundy, L L Swift, H L Greene, A E Slonim, I M Burr
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Elevated levels of cholesterol synthesis are reported for several young children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HFH) and are considered to contribute directly to their hypercholesterolemia. In contrast, increased cholesterol production has not previously been found in adult patients with HFH. Using the fecal steroid balance technique, we studied rates of cholesterol and bile acid synthesis in a 24-yr-old man who had severe hypercholesterolemia typical of HFH and who lacked skin fibroblast low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor activity. On an average diet (45% carbohydrate, 40% fat, 15% protein) mean +/- SEM cholesterol (24.8 +/- 1.4 mg/kg per d) and bile acid (11.1 +/- 1.6 mg/kg per d) excretion were approximately threefold higher than normal. When an isocaloric high carbohydrate, low fat diet (90.5% glucose oligosaccharides, 1.3% safflower oil, 8.2% crystalline amino acids was substituted, mean cholesterol (13.0 +/- 0.5 mg/kg per d) and bile acid (8.6 +/- 0.4 mg/kg per d) fell markedly. The decline in fecal steroid excretion was accompanied by modest reductions in plasma total and LDL cholesterol concentrations and by a softening of cutaneous xanthomata. Although the patient phenotypically and biochemically resembled the HFH state, his family pedigree was not noteable for hypercholesterolemia. While the patient's father had premature cardiovascular disease, his mother had no evidence of heart disease, had normal plasma total and LDL cholesterol levels, and had normal fibroblast LDL receptor activity. Likewise, the plasma cholesterol levels of three other members of the patient's family were normal. Despite the unusual genotypic background of this individual, however, the fecal balance data shows that elevated cholesterol and bile acid synthesis may occur in adult, as well as juvenile, patients with HFH and may be responsive to dietary control.
Incidental Visualization of Abdominal Varices During Cholescintigraphy
Authors: MICHAEL A. VILLANI, ROBERT L. KRUGMAN, HARRY AGRESS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

In addition to its most common use in evaluating cholecystitis, biliary scanning is valuable in identifying other abnormalities, such as bile leakage, metastases, abdominal masses, and renal disease. A 54-year-old male chronic alcoholic was admitted for evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic decompensation, and possible acute cholecystitis. Initial hepatobiliary scanning using Tc-99m disofenin demonstrated serpiginous tubular structures in the midabdomen below the liver. These were abdominal varices and a patent umbilical vein.
Toxic Amblyopia and Peripheral Neuropathy with Ethchlorvynol Abuse
Authors: EDWARD BROWN, GEORGE G. MEYER
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1969)

The widespread use of ethchlorvynol as a hypnotic has led to observations that should make its users and prescribers aware of potentially serious side effects. The authors present a case involving toxic amblyopia and peripheral neuropathy, which were reversed upon cessation of the drug. The abuse of relatively safe medications through chronic use and self-prescribed increased dosages necessitates vigilance by physicians, pharmacists, and patients.
THE CEPHALIN-CHOLESTEROL FLOCCULATION TEST AS AN AID IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATIC DISORDERS 1
Authors: Frederick J. Pohle, John K. Stewart
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1941)

Recovery after 2 weeks.3 M. W. F 14 Acutehpatitis Clinical ++++ 20 60 0 Died 3 wasafteronst.4 F. H. F 50 Acut hepatitis Cdical ++ 12 100 130 Recvery after 3 weeks 5 D. R. F 19 Acut catarrhal isundice Clini ++++ 15 70 52 Typical course with rwovery.
Plasma microRNA Expression and Micronuclei Frequency in Workers Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Qifei Deng, Suli Huang, Xiao Zhang, Wangzhen Zhang, Jing Feng, Tian Wang, Die Hu, Lei Guan, Jun Li, Xiayun Dai, Huaxin Deng, Xiaomin Zhang, Tangchun Wu
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Ubiquitous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been shown to alter gene expression patterns and elevate micronuclei (MN) frequency, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key gene regulators that may be influenced by PAH exposures and mediate their effects on MN frequency.We sought to identify PAH-associated miRNAs and evaluate their associations with MN frequency.We performed a two-stage study in healthy male coke oven workers to identify miRNAs associated with PAH exposures quantified using urinary monohydroxy-PAHs and plasma benzo[a]pyrene-r-7,t-8,c-10-tetrahydrotetrol-albumin (BPDE-Alb) adducts. In the discovery stage, we used Solexa sequencing to test differences in miRNA expression profiles between pooled plasma samples from 20 exposed workers and 20 controls. We then validated associations with eight selected miRNAs in 365 workers. We further evaluated associations between the PAH-associated miRNAs and MN frequency.In the discovery stage, miRNA expression profiles differed between the exposed and control groups, with 68 miRNAs significantly down-regulated [fold change (FC) ≤ -5] and 3 miRNAs mildly up-regulated (+2 ≤ FC < +5) in the exposed group. In the validation analysis, urinary 4-hydroxyphenanthrene and/or plasma BPDE-Alb adducts were associated with lower miR-24-3p, miR-27a-3p, miR-142-5p, and miR-28-5p expression (p < 0.030). Urinary 1-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxynaphthalene, 2-hydroxyphenanthrene, and the sum of monohydroxy-PAHs were associated with higher miR-150-5p expression (p < 0.030). These miRNAs were associated with higher MN frequency (p < 0.005), with stronger associations in drinkers (pinteraction < 0.015).Associations of PAH exposures with miRNA expression, and of miRNA expression with MN frequency, suggest potential mechanisms of adverse effects of PAHs that are worthy of further investigation.
Medial prefrontal D1 dopamine neurons control food intake
Authors: Benjamin B Land, Nandakumar S Narayanan, Rong-Jian Liu, Carol A Gianessi, Catherine E Brayton, David M Grimaldi, Maysa Sarhan, Douglas J Guarnieri, Karl Deisseroth, George K Aghajanian, Ralph J DiLeone
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
402 PROJECT ECHO EXPANDS ACCESS TO HEPATITIS C (HCV) TREATMENT IN RURAL AREAS AND PRISONS. TREATMENT IS AS EFFECTIVE AS A UNIVERSITY HCV CLINIC
Authors: S. Arora, K. Thornton, G. Murata, P. Deming, S. Kalishman, D. Dion, B. Parish, J. Dunkelberg, M. Kistin, W. Pak, J. Brown
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
Genetic regulation of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to poly(LTyr,LGlu)-poly(DLAla)--poly(LLys). II. Evidence for a T-T-cell collaboration in delayed-type hypersensitivity responses and for a T-cell defect at the efferent phase in nonresponder H-2k mice.
Authors: G Strassmann, Z Eshhar, E Mozes
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1980)

The intercellular interactions and the site of the genetic defect in delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to poly(LTyr,LGlu)-poly(DLAla)--poly(LLys) [(T,G)-A--L] has been studied in a system where the T-cell education phase was separated from the efferent phase. In the cellular response, T-T-cell collaboration is required, because T cell-depleted mice were unable to manifest DTH responses after they were transferred with educated and irradiated T cells. Reconstitution of adult thymectomized mice that were irradiated and supplemented with bone marrow cells after treatment with anti-Thy-1.2 serum and complement, with T cells but not with accessory cells gave rise to significant responses. Educated, radioresistant cells required the presence of normal radiosensitive T cells for successful DTH responses to (T,G)-A--L. The genetic defect of nonresponder H-2k and H-2a mice has been located in the above-mentioned, second T-cell population that participates in the efferent phase of this immune reaction. Further characterization revealed that the educated cells are of the Lyt1+ phenotype and that the second normal T cells are expressing the Lyt 1+,2+,3+ phenotype. Thus, the genetic defect of H-2k and H-2a mice in the DTH response to (T,G)-A--L is expressed on the non-antigen-stimulated Lyt 1+,2+,3+ T cells.
DR. WALLACE BEATTY
Authors: Walter G. Smith
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1923)

DERMATOLOGY has suffered a real loss in the death of Dr. Wallace Beatty, which occurred on November 8th. For some years he was on the Editorial Staff of this Journal, and made several interesting and valuable contributions. He was also an active member for over thirty years of the Dublin Biological Club, to which he brought forward many dermatological cases, some of rarity, illustrated by beautiful histological slides. Dr. Beatty had troops of friends and was esteemed and loved by all who knew him, for the tendrils of affection cling more closely to nobility of character than to special accomplishments. He ŵ as a man of transparent honesty and goodness of heart, ever unmindful of self, and generous in his estimation of others. The writer of this article was his intimate friend for fiftv years, and never knew any man who was so rich in that charity wliich  thinketh no evil. He had a hyperaesthetic conscience, and was unselfishly liberal to his poorer patients, even to his own detriment. From his brilliant student days to the close of his active life his motto was— Whatsoever thy hand flndeth to do, do it with thy might. In addition to the crippling infirmity of increasing deafness, he bravely bore a long and trying illness with the calm cheerfulness and courage the fruit of a blameless life. The Board of Trinity College, Dublin, recognised his worth a few years ago by creating for him the post of Hon. Professor of Dermatology, a distinction which he highly ap^^reciated.
Concurrent Morning Increase in Platelet Aggregability and the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Sudden Cardiac Death
Authors: Geoffrey H. Tofler, Damian Brezinski, Andrew I. Schafer, Charles A. Czeisler, John D. Rutherford, Stefan N. Willich, Ray E. Gleason, Gordon H. Williams, James E. Muller
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

We have previously reported that the frequencies of myocardial infarction and of sudden cardiac death are highest during the period from 6 a.m. to noon. Since platelet aggregation may have a role in triggering these disorders, we measured platelet activity at 3-hour intervals for 24 hours in 15 healthy men. In vitro platelet responsiveness to either adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or epinephrine was lower at 6 a.m. (before the subjects arose) than at 9 a.m. (60 minutes after they arose). The lowest concentration of these agents required to produce biphasic platelet aggregation decreased (i.e., aggregability increased) from a mean +/- SEM of 4.7 +/- 0.6 to 3.7 +/- 0.6 microM (P less than 0.01) for ADP and from 3.7 +/- 0.8 to 1.8 +/- 0.5 microM (P less than 0.01) for epinephrine. The period from 6 to 9 a.m. was the only interval in the 24-hour period during which platelet aggregability increased significantly. We subsequently studied 10 subjects on alternate mornings after they arose at the normal time and after delayed arising. The morning increase in platelet aggregability was not observed when the subjects remained supine and inactive. Thus, there is a temporal association between increased platelet aggregability in the morning and an increased frequency of myocardial infarction and of sudden cardiac death. Demonstration of this association does not establish a cause--effect relation, but together with other evidence linking platelets to these disorders, it may provide insight into the mechanisms precipitating myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death and aid in the design of more effective preventive measures.
Electrophysiological and anatomic differences between canine hearts with inducible ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation associated with chronic myocardial infarction.
Authors: A R Denniss, D A Richards, J A Waywood, T Yung, C A Kam, D L Ross, J B Uther
Journal: Circulation Research (1989)

This study examined electrophysiological and anatomic differences between dogs with ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation (VF) inducible by programmed ventricular stimulation 7-21 days after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation. Of 106 dogs studied, 40 had inducible VT, 19 had inducible VF, and 47 had no inducible arrhythmias. Differences between these three groups of animals were examined with cardiac mapping (to determine ventricular activation time in sinus rhythm) and post-mortem pathology (to measure infarct size and to reconstruct the anatomy at the infarct edge). Animals with inducible VT had longer maximal epicardial activation time (127 +/- 8 msec) than did animals with inducible VF (91 +/- 8 msec, p less than 0.05) or animals with no inducible arrhythmias (75 +/- 2 msec, p less than 0.001). Delayed epicardial activation occurred in 90% of animals with VT, 42% of animals with VF, and in only 6% of animals with no inducible arrhythmias. Endocardial and myocardial activation times were similar for the VT and VF groups. Infarct size was 18 +/- 2% of the ventricles for the VT group, much higher than for the VF group (11 +/- 2%, p less than 0.001) or for the group with no inducible arrhythmias (9 +/- 1%, p less than 0.001). The maximum diameter of viable muscle bundles interdigitating with scar tissue at the infarct edge was much larger in animals with VT (2.4 +/- 0.2 mm) than in animals with VF (1.8 +/- 0.2 mm, p less than 0.05) or animals with no inducible arrhythmias (1.7 +/- 0.1 mm, p less than 0.01). Thus, when compared with animals with inducible VF, animals with inducible VT had longer epicardial activation time, larger infarct size and viable muscle bundles of larger diameter at the infarct edge.
Clinicopathologic Correlation of Ocular Disease: A Text and Stereoscopic Atlas
Authors: Alston Callahan
Journal: JAMA (1975)

The authors pay homage to Dr. Peter C. Kronfeld, Professor Emeritus, who began the stereofundus and stereoexternal collection of ocular photographs at the University of Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary. Through Dr. Rabb's efforts, this collection now numbers more than 2,000. From this unequaled source, 112 superb teaching cases have been selected for study with the collapsible stereoscope. Dr. Apple, the director of ocular pathology at the Infirmary, has documented the appearance of the pathological ocular specimens with the techniques and perspectives of the general pathologist. With the outstanding personnel of their institution and assists from other eminent scientists, these authors have combined their knowledge to present a classic for ophthalmologists in practice and in training, and also for scientists engaged in basic vision research and for physicians in other disciplines. The diseases included in the text and photographs range from lesions commonly seen in the clinic to extremely rare
Liver Disease in Primary Care Medicine
Authors: Phillip M. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<i>Liver Disease in Primary Care Medicine</i>is a concise, readable monograph for the primary care physician, written by a clinical hepatologist. It is intended, according to the author, to aid the clinician in attaining "a broad fund of knowledge of the subspecialities of medicine." The book concerns the hepatic manifestations and complications of a broad spectrum of both common and esoteric medical disorders. With its unique organization, approximately one fourth of the volume is devoted to primary liver disease and the evaluation of liver function. The remainder is divided into chapters on the different organ systems and diseases that may have hepatic involvement as a major or minor component. Interesting chapters are provided on postoperative hepatic dysfunction and the liver in infectious disease, metabolic disease, and pregnancy. The author is occasionally opinionated, which enables him to cover a lot of material in a small number of pages. Lacking footnotes, the
Epidemiology of asthma in western Europe
Authors: D. Charpin, D. Vervloet, J. Charpin
Journal: Allergy (1988)

Asthma deaths are uncommon, but have recently increased in some countries due to problems in the management of the disease. Morbidity rates show large variations, which can be attributed to differences in defining the disease, but also to genuine variations, with a trend towards less asthma in northern Europe. It has been suggested that allergic diseases as a whole, and asthma in particular, may exhibit an upward secular trend. Risk factors include a genetic background and environmental triggering factors. The importance of genetic factors is illustrated by family studies and by extreme prevalence rates observed in some communities. Environmental factors include rapid air pollution variations which act as a trigger for asthma attacks. However, at levels currently prevailing in western Europe, air pollutants do not induce a higher incidence of asthma. Altitude generates a gradual decrease in Dermatophagoides, thus explaining both the clinical improvement in asthmatics living in altitude and a lower prevalence of asthma in populations born and living there. Among the other aero‐allergens, grass pollens plays a major role in spring, elicitating asthma attacks. Some natural allergens transformed by man (castor bean, soja) can be responsible for asthma epidemics.
Confabulation, confidence, and introspection
Authors: Brian Fiala, Shaun Nichols
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract Carruthers' arguments depend on a tenuous interpretation of cases from the confabulation literature. Specifically, Carruthers maintains that cases of confabulation are “subjectively indistinguishable” from cases of alleged introspection. However, in typical cases of confabulation, the self-attributions are characterized by low confidence, in contrast to cases of alleged introspection.
High-dose tamoxifen in the treatment of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Authors: Pierce K. H. Chow, Bee-Choo Tai, Chee-Kiat Tan, David Machin, Khin Maung Win, Phillip J. Johnson, Khee-Chee Soo
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

In the Asia-Pacific region and elsewhere, almost 85% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are inoperable at diagnosis and have a dismal prognosis. Tamoxifen (TMX) is believed to inhibit HCC positive for estrogen receptor (ER), but most HCCs are ER negative. Results of previous phase 3 trials in inoperable HCC have been conflicting and inconclusive. At higher doses, however, TMX inhibits HCC through ER-independent mechanisms. A multicenter randomized controlled trial was performed to assess the role of high-dose TMX versus placebo (P) in the treatment of patients with inoperable HCC with respect to survival and quality of life (QoL). A total of 329 patients from 10 centers in 9 countries in the Asia-Pacific region enrolled in a double-blind randomized controlled trial of TMX 120 mg/d (TMX120) against P as a control arm with an intermediate dosage of TMX 60 mg/d (TMX60) to assess possible dose response. An independent data monitoring committee reviewed all aspects of the trial. QoL was assessed using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Three-month survival rates for the P, TMX60, and TMX120 groups were 44%, 41%, and 35%, respectively, with a statistically significant trend difference in survival across the 3 treatment regimens ( P = .011). There was a significantly higher risk of death in the TMX120 group compared with the P group (hazard ratio, 1.39; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-1.81). Adverse drug reactions were reported in 3% (9 patients), and 8 patients were lost to follow-up. In conclusion, TMX does not prolong survival in patients with inoperable HCC and has an increasingly negative impact with increasing dose. No appreciable advantage to QoL with TMX was observed.
A Physician-Associate Program at a Municipal Hospital
Authors: Bernard Challenor
Journal: JAMA (1973)

Programs for training physician's assistants and associates are expanding in numbers and in the variety of skills expected of program graduates. A special need for such personnel exists in municipal hospitals that are often called on to provide primary care to a large population. Former Armed Services medical corpsmen, as well as nurses' aides and other hospital personnel possessing outstanding aptitudes for further education, form an important talent-pool for training in this role. College credits based on prior work and life experience, when offered to selected candidates and combined with training as a physician assistant or associate, can provide a valuable means of recognizing past achievements and providing future career mobility via a new and emerging allied health profession.
World War II's Most Highly Decorated US Physician
Authors: Joseph M. Kralich
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Recent commemoration of the Normandy invasion makes it timely to call attention to John Erbes, MD, who was the most highly decorated US physician in World War II. Dr Erbes, a 1939 graduate of the University of Nebraska College of Medicine, was a battalion surgeon in the Second Armored Division and saw front-line duty in French Morocco, Tunisia, Sicily, Normandy, northern France, Belgium, and Germany. His awards include the Distinguished Service Cross, the Silver Star with three Oak Leaf Clusters, and the Bronze Star, as well as two unit awards. The latter include the Presidential Unit Citation, given to his battalion for breaking the Siegfried line near Aachen on October 4, 1944, and the Belgian Fourragere, given for the division's decisive role in turning back the German spearhead at its deepest penetration in the Battle of the Bulge. This was the first time the latter award was