tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Modeled PFOA Exposure and Coronary Artery Disease, Hypertension, and High Cholesterol in Community and Worker Cohorts
Authors: Andrea Winquist, Kyle Steenland
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2014)

Several previous studies, mostly cross-sectional, have found associations between perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and high cholesterol levels, but studies of hypertension and heart disease have had inconsistent findings.In this study we examined the association between modeled PFOA exposure and incident hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and coronary artery disease among workers at a Mid-Ohio Valley chemical plant that used PFOA, and residents of the surrounding community.Community- and worker-cohort participants completed surveys during 2008-2011 covering demographics, health-related behaviors, and medical history. Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by birth year, modeled the hazard of each outcome (starting at 20 years of age) as a function of retrospective serum PFOA concentration estimates (generated through fate, transport and exposure modeling), controlling for sex, race, education, smoking, alcohol use, body mass index, and diabetes.Among 32,254 participants (28,541 community; 3,713 worker), 12,325 reported hypertension with medication, 9,909 reported hypercholesterolemia with medication, and 3,147 reported coronary artery disease (2,550 validated). Hypercholesterolemia incidence increased with increasing cumulative PFOA exposure (sum of yearly serum concentration estimates), most notably among males 40-60 years of age. Compared with the lowest exposure quintile (< 142 ng/mL-years), hazard ratios for subsequent quintiles (ng/mL-years: 142 to < 234; 234 to < 630; 630 to < 3,579; ≥ 3,579) were 1.24, 1.17, 1.19, and 1.19 overall and 1.38, 1.32, 1.31, and 1.44 among men 40-60 years of age. There was no apparent association between PFOA exposure and hypertension or coronary artery disease incidence.Higher PFOA exposure was associated with incident hypercholesterolemia with medication, but not with hypertension or coronary artery disease.
TCT-679 Effect of Operator Volume on Complications during Percutaneous Closure of Atrial Septal Defects and Patent Foramen Ovale - A US Perspective of the Last Decade.
Authors: Ghanshyambhai T. Savani, Ankit Chothani, Neeraj Shah, Nileshkumar J. Patel, Kathan Mehta, Vikas Singh, Peeyush Grover, Abhishek J. Deshmukh, Ankit Rathod, Dhaval B. Khalpada, Vipulkumar Bhalara, Narendrasinh G. Parmar, Sidakpal S. Panaich, Sandeepkumar J. Gupta, Apurva Badheka, Mauricio G. Cohen, William W O'Neill, Eduardo de Marchena
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Arterial mechanics in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Mechanical properties, hydraulic conductivity, and two-phase (solid/fluid) finite element models.
Authors: M A Gaballa, T E Raya, B R Simon, S Goldman
Journal: Circulation Research (1992)

To characterize the interaction between mechanical and fluid transport properties in hypertension, we measured in vivo elastic material constants and hydraulic conductivity in intact segments of carotid arteries in normal and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). With the use of a finite element model, the arterial wall was modeled as a large-deformation, two-phase (solid/fluid) medium, which accounts for the existence and motion of the tissue fluid. Measurements of internal diameter and transmural pressures were obtained during continuous increases in pressure from 0 to 200 mm Hg. Strain and stress components were calculated based on a pseudostrain exponential energy density function. To measure the hydraulic conductivity, segments of the carotid artery were isolated, filled with a 4% oxygenated albumin-Tyrode's solution, and connected to a capillary tube. The movement of the meniscus of the capillary tube represented the fluid filtration across the artery. To study the influence of transmural pressure on hydraulic conductivity, measurement of fluid filtration across the arterial wall was obtained at transmural pressures of 50 and 100 mm Hg. The material constants in the SHR (n = 9) were higher (p less than 0.05 for all variables) than in normal rats (n = 10): c = 1,343 +/- 96 versus 1,158 +/- 65 mm Hg, b1 = 1.84 +/- 0.24 versus 1.22 +/- 0.22, b2 = 0.769 +/- 0.114 versus 0.616 +/- 0.11, b3 = 0.017 +/- 0.005 versus 0.0065 +/- 0.002, b4 = 0.206 +/- 0.04 versus 0.083 +/- 0.03, b5 = 0.0594 +/- 0.007 versus 0.0217 +/- 0.006, and b6 = 0.22 +/- 0.09 versus 0.123 +/- 0.02, respectively. The hydraulic conductivity of the total wall, calculated from the filtration data, was lower (p less than 0.05) at both 50 and 100 mm Hg in the SHR (n = 6) compared with normal rats (n = 7): 1.12 +/- 0.31 x 10(-8) and 0.72 +/- 0.23 x 10(-8) versus 1.95 +/- 0.53 x 10(-8) and 1.35 +/- 0.47 x 10(-8) cm/(sec.mm Hg), respectively. The intergroup comparisons between 50 and 100 mm Hg in both SHR and normal rats were also different (p less than 0.05). The finite element model was used to predict tissue fluid pressure distribution, tissue fluid velocity distribution, and total Cauchy stress gradients developed in the arterial wall during fluid pressurization in both species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Organized Medicine and the Assessment of Technology
Authors: Adam L. Linton, C. David Naylor
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

OVER the past 18 years the Canadian health care system has been more successful in containing costs than its American counterpart. With provincial governments as the sole purchasers of almost all essential medical and hospital services, administrative economies are possible, and the flow of funds to physicians and hospitals can be, and has been, subjected to tighter controls.1 It might also be expected that the Canadian medical care system would more easily restrain the diffusion of new medical procedures and technology than the pluralistic system in the United States. To the extent that such diffusion has been limited, two mechanisms . . .
Debye function analysis and 2D imaging of nanoscaled engineered bone
Authors: Antonietta Guagliardi, Alessia Cedola, Cinzia Giannini, Massimo Ladisa, Antonio Cervellino, Andrea Sorrentino, Stefano Lagomarsino, Ranieri Cancedda, Maddalena Mastrogiacomo
Journal: Biomaterials (2010)
Risperidone in Children with Autism and Serious Behavioral Problems
Authors: James T McCracken, James McGough, Bhavik Shah, Pegeen Cronin, Daniel Hong, Michael G Aman, L Eugene Arnold, Ronald Lindsay, Patricia Nash, Jill Hollway, Christopher J McDougle, David Posey, Naomi Swiezy, Arlene Kohn, Lawrence Scahill, Andres Martin, Kathleen Koenig, Fred Volkmar, Deirdre Carroll, Allison Lancor, Elaine Tierney, Jaswinder Ghuman, Nilda M Gonzalez, Marco Grados, Benedetto Vitiello, Louise Ritz, Mark Davies, James Robinson, Don McMahon
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Atypical antipsychotic agents, which block postsynaptic dopamine and serotonin receptors, have advantages over traditional antipsychotic medications in the treatment of adults with schizophrenia and may be beneficial in children with autistic disorder who have serious behavioral disturbances. However, data on the safety and efficacy of atypical antipsychotic agents in children are limited.
Chronic lymphocytic gastritis.
Authors: J Haot, B Weynand, A Jouret-Mourin
Journal: Gut (1990)

<h3>SUMMARY</h3> Telomeres, the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes, protect genome integrity and regulate cell proliferation. Maintaining optimal telomere length in the germline and throughout life limits the risk of cancer and enables healthy aging. Telomeres in the house mouse, <i>Mus musculus,</i> are about five times longer than human telomeres, limiting the use of this common laboratory animal for studying telomere biology in aging and cancer. Here, we show that a single amino acid variation in the helicase ‘Regulator of telomere elongation 1’ (RTEL1), naturally occurring in the wild mouse <i>M. spretus,</i> is sufficient, when introduced into <i>M. musculus,</i> to alter the telomere length set point in the germline and generate mice with human-length telomeres. While these mice are fertile and healthy, the regenerative capacity of their liver is compromised. The engineered ‘telomouse’ reported here redefines the role of RTEL1 in telomere length regulation, and provides a unique model for aging and cancer.
Considerations in assigning dose based on uncertainties from in vivo counting.
Authors: G H Kramer
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Lung counting is highly geometry dependent, especially at low photon energies. Monte Carlo simulations have been used to determine the magnitude of the errors obtained if it is assumed that the deposition is homogeneous, when in fact it is not. Simulation for a germanium lung counting system consisting of four, 70 mm x 30 mm diameter thick detectors have been performed for 70 deposition patterns. The detector efficiencies for 20, 40, 60, 120, 240, 660, and 1000 kiloelectron volts were calculated for a homogeneous deposition and these efficiencies were used to estimate the bias when the deposition was heterogeneous. A bias of 800% was not unusual. Whole-body counting is prone to errors that can arise from the activity distribution and/or size of the subject. The latter are geometry dependent and, for example, a bias result of 200% can be obtained when measuring children in a chair geometry using a calibration factor based on reference man. Thyroid counting is the least prone to error. If the measurement is done correctly, biases can usually be kept below 20%. However, if the measurement is made with a collimator or if the detector is in contact with the subject's neck, biases exceeding 200% can be obtained.
ON THE COLLECTION OF THE ENTIRE EXTERNAL SECRETION OF THE PANCREAS UNDER STERILE CONDITIONS AND THE FATAL EFFECT OF TOTAL LOSS OF PANCREATIC JUICE
Authors: Robert Elman, John M. McCaughan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

It has been possible by appropriate intubation of the main pancreatic duct of the dog to collect the total external secretion of the pancreas under sterile conditions. When all of the secretion is thus collected exitus occurs in a characteristic way in about a week with anorexia, gastric irritability, vomiting and asthenia. The significance of this finding has been briefly discussed. A method is also described for the "altercursive" intubation of the pancreas whereby the secretion may be collected or allowed to flow back to the duodenum at will.
"Food for all" . . . healthy, that is
Authors: A. Jain
Journal: BMJ (2013)

“And the lucky winner gets . . . a basket of vegetables,” announced the host on a national radio programme. With soaring prices, vegetables have become a prized commodity. To tackle the situation, the government has fixed prices and set up low cost vegetable shops in some metros. At another level, the National Food Security Bill is being debated in parliament. This holds the promise of consistent food supply and nutritional support, especially to the most vulnerable. Dimensions of implementation through the existing public distribution system and the division of responsibilities between the states and the centre remain …
Complex Coronary Artery Lesion Morphology Influences Results of Stress Echocardiography
Authors: Chunzeng Lu, Eugenio Picano, Alessandro Pingitore, Rosa Sicari, Rossana Tongiani, Marco Baratto, Cataldo Palmieri, Mario Marzilli, Antonio L’Abbate
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Background The likelihood of a positive response with dipyridamole stress echocardiography (DSE) is directly related to the extent and severity of angiographically assessed coronary artery disease. Whether coronary lesion morphology—a known predictor of adverse cardiac events—may also modulate stress echo results remains unknown. The objective of our study was to assess the relation between stenosis lesion morphology and stress echocardiographic results. Methods and Results High-dose (up to 0.84 mg/kg over 10 minutes) DSE and coronary angiographic data of 68 in-hospital patients (39 with stable angina, 29 with angina at rest) with nonoccluding, single-vessel disease at angiography and no previous myocardial infarction were analyzed. DSE was performed in all patients within 3 days of coronary angiography. An angiographic lesion was considered complex when irregular borders and/or intraluminal lucencies suggestive of ulcer and/or thrombus were present. According to angiographic lesion morphology, two groups were identified: group 1, with simple coronary lesions, and group 2, with complex coronary lesions. The two groups were matched for number of patients (n=34 in each group), age (group 1, 59±9 versus group 2, 59±10 years, P =NS), and coronary artery stenosis severity by quantitative coronary angiography (group 1, 60±7% versus group 2, 58±6% diameter reduction, P =NS). The sensitivity of DSE was lower in patients of group 1 when compared with group 2 (53% versus 85%, P &lt;.001). Among positive DSE, the low-dose (0.56 mg/kg over 4 minutes) positivity was less frequent in group 1 than in group 2 patients (17% versus 62%, P &lt;.01). Exercise ECG was completed in 66 patients, and it was positive (&gt;.1 mV ST-segment shift from baseline) in 20 out of 33 group 1 and in 22 out of 33 group 2 patients (61% versus 67%, P =NS). The peak rate-pressure product tended to be higher in group 1 than in group 2 patients (257±52 versus 240±64 mm Hg×beats per minute×10 2 , P =NS). Conclusions In patients with single-vessel disease without coronary occlusion or previous myocardial infarction, coronary lesion morphology of the complex type is associated with a higher DSE sensitivity and with a greater prevalence of low-dose, positive responses. Presence of irregular plaque contours, not only plaque geometry, is important in modulating stress responses in the presence of angiographically assessed coronary artery disease.
THE IMPORTANCE OF EARLY DIAGNOSIS IN SOME FORMS OF NERVOUS DISEASE.
Authors: IRVING C. ROSSE
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Only a few days since I was forcibly struck by the remark of one of my patients, now in the advanced stage of locomotor ataxia with progressive cortical changes, who tells me that on meeting his former physician he had refused his proffered hand, for the reason that he was one of several who for years had treated him for what they incorrectly took for rheumatism. However questionable the act may be as regards politeness, there can be no doubt of its import to the patient when looked at from a diagnostic view-point. Had the patient been treated by a skilled neurologist it is reasonable to infer that his condition would not be so lamentable as it is to-day. I do not mention this incident in the way of faultfinding or unkind criticism of any one, but it seems hardly credible, in view of the numerous warnings from neurologists, that
Slowing Down Differentiation of Engrafted Human Myoblasts Into Immunodeficient Mice Correlates With Increased Proliferation and Migration
Authors: Ingo Riederer, Elisa Negroni, Maximilien Bencze, Annie Wolff, Ahmed Aamiri, James P Di Santo, Suse D. Silva-Barbosa, Gillian Butler-Browne, Wilson Savino, Vincent Mouly
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2011)

We have used a model of xenotransplantation in which human myoblasts were transplanted intramuscularly into immunodeficient Rag2(-/-)γC(-/-) mice, in order to investigate the kinetics of proliferation and differentiation of the transplanted cells. After injection, most of the human myoblasts had already differentiated by day 5. This differentiation correlated with reduction in proliferation and limited migration of the donor cells within the regenerating muscle. These results suggest that the precocious differentiation, already detected at 3 days postinjection, is a limiting factor for both the migration from the injection site and the participation of the donor cells to muscle regeneration. When we stimulated in vivo proliferation of human myoblasts, transplanting them in a serum-containing medium, we observed 5 days post-transplantation a delay of myogenic differentiation and an increase in cell numbers, which colonized a much larger area within the recipient's muscle. Importantly, these myoblasts maintained their ability to differentiate, since we found higher numbers of myofibers seen 1 month postengraftment, as compared to controls. Conceptually, these data suggest that in experimental myoblast transplantation, any intervention upon the donor cells and/or the recipient's microenvironment aimed at enhancing proliferation and migration should be done before differentiation of the implanted cells, e.g., day 3 postengraftment.
Abstract 1617: Erianin induces apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells
Authors: Jing Wang, Junxia An, Qiyu Zhu, Liping Luo, Yuling Ma, Yaxiong Tang
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Novel effective drugs are still urgently needed in the prevention and treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Erianin, a natural product isolated from Dendrobium chrysotoxum Lindl., is often used as an anti-pyretic and an analgesic in traditional Chinese medicine. Herein, we have assesed the antitumor potential and molecular mechanisms of erianin on the Hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cancer cells in vitro. The results shows that erianin could significantly inhibit the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells in dose- and time- dependent manners that were associated with induced apoptosis and cell cycle G2-M arrest. The IC50 of erianin for 48 h was estimated to be 11.4 nmol/L. Mechanistically, erianin could induce the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytosol, and activate the cleavage of Caspase-9, -7, -3 and eventually the PARP in a dose-dependent manner, leading to marked apoptotic effect of HepG2 cells. The apoptotic action of erianian was associated with the increased expression of proapoptotic proteins: Bax, Bad, Bik and PUMA and decreased expression of Mcl-1 and Survivin. Taken together, these results suggest the potential usefulness of erianin for prevention and treatment of HCC. References 1. Gomaa AI, Khan SA, Toledano MB, Waked I, Taylor-Robinson SD. Hepatocellular carcinoma: epidemiology, risk factors and pathogenesis. World J Gastroenterol, 2008, 14 2. 2. Tang Y, Simoneau AR, Xie J, Shahandeh B, Zi X. Effects of the Kava Chalcone Flavokawain A Differ in Bladder Cancer Cells with Wild-type versus Mutant p53. Cancer Prevention Research 2008, 1(6):439-51. 3. Tang Y, Simoneau AR, Liao W, Guo Y, Hoang BH, Hope C, Liu F, Li S, Xie J, Holcombe RF, Jurnak FA, Mercola D, Zi X. WIF1, a Wnt pathway inhibitor, regulates SKP2 and c-myc expression leading to G1 arrest and growth inhibition of human invasive urinary bladder cancer cells. Molecular Cancer Therapeutics 2009, 8(2): 458-68. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1617. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1617
Corruption in health care “kills en masse”
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Corruption in the health sector is a worldwide phenomenon that constitutes a deadly and complex challenge, says the Global Corruption Report 2006 , which specifically focuses on corruption and health.

The report, by the non-governmental anticorruption watchdog Transparency International, estimates that the world spends more than three trillion dollars a year on health services. Such large flows of funds are an attractive target for abuse.

“The stakes are high and the resources precious: money lost to corruption could be used to buy medicines, equip hospitals or hire badly needed medical staff,” the report says.

But, “the diversity of health systems worldwide, the multiplicity of parties involved, the paucity of good record keeping in many countries, and the complexity in distinguishing among corruption, …
Combined administration of IgA and IgG anti-Thy-1 antibodies enhances renal inflammation in rats
Authors: Mieneke G.A. Van Dixhoorn, Toshinobu Sato, Yvonne Muizert, Danielle J. Van Gijlswijk-Janssen, Emile de Heer, Mohamed R. Daha
Journal: Kidney International (1999)
Traitement endoscopique par prothèses métalliques expansives couvertes des sténoses biliaires anastomotiques chez des patients transplantés hépatiques
Authors: U Chaput, P Bichard, T Ponchon, M Gaudric, L Mangialavori, JC Duchmann, O Scatton, O Soubrane, PP Massault, A Chryssostalis, S Chaussade, F Prat
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Introduction: La sténose de l'anastomose bilio-biliaire est une complication fréquente de la transplantation hépatique orthotopique. Le traitement endoscopique par prothèse biliaire plastique est inconstamment efficace et s'accompagne d'une morbidité et d'un inconfort liés aux fréquents gestes endoscopiques nécessaires. L'objectif de ce travail était d'évaluer prospectivement la faisabilité de la mise en place et de l'extraction endoscopique de prothèses métalliques expansives couvertes (PMEC) dans cette indication. Etude réalisée sous l'égide de la SFED.
Triggering of Sudden Death — Lessons from an Earthquake
Authors: James E. Muller, Richard L. Verrier
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1996)

At 4:31 a.m. on January 17, 1994, a violent earthquake centered near Northridge, California, suddenly awakened millions of citizens of Los Angeles and subjected them to intense fright. The earthquake not only caused deaths from trauma, as would be expected, but also was associated with an unusually large number of deaths from atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.1 In the two years since then, Leor et al. have sifted through the medical data and unearthed information of great importance to our understanding of sudden death from cardiac causes, the leading cause of death in developed countries.2 Using the earthquake as a natural experiment, . . .
230 METABOLIC GENES IN HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
Authors: M. Kohjima, R. Yada, A. Taketomi, K. Gotoh, T. Yoshimoto, N. Fukushima, K. Fukuizumi, K. Kawabe, T. Mizutani, N. Harada, S. Morizono, Y. Maehara, M. Enjoji, M. Nakamuta
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2011)
B2-05: Frontline cytotoxic chemotherapy (CTx) for newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients presenting with brain metastasis compared to whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT): Result of a randomized pilot study
Authors: Dae Ho Lee, Ji-Youn Han, Heung Tae Kim, Hong Ryull Pyo, Kwan Ho Cho, Sang-Hoon Shin, Heon Yoo, Seung-Hoon Lee, Sung Jin Yoon, Jin Soo Lee
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Causes of enuresis.
Authors: A. R. Higham
Journal: BMJ (1969)

MEDICALJOURNAIto the latter means much.These units could also be used-for teaching purposes.At the general-practitioner hospital at which I attend students accompany me regularly.At the outpatients there they see more everyday cases than they would ever see at their teach- ing hospital, where referred cases tend to be of a highly specialized nature.
A multicenter, open-label, prospective, randomized, dose-ranging pharmacokinetic study of the anti-TNF-α antibody afelimomab in patients with sepsis syndrome
Authors: James Gallagher, Charles Fisher, Bruce Sherman, Mark Munger, Bruce Meyers, Travis Ellison, Steven Fischkoff, William T. Barchuk, Leah Teoh, Raja Velagapudi
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2001)