tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nicotine Replacement Therapy as a Maintenance Treatment
Authors: Judith J. Prochaska
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 14457: Influence of Post-Stent Fractional Flow Reserve and Stent Cross-sectional Area on Clinical Outcome in Patient Treated With Drug Eluting Stent
Authors: Hyung Yoon Kim, Joon-Hyung Doh, Won-Ho Choi, Chang-Wook Nam, Bon-Kwon Koo, Sung Yun Lee
Journal: Circulation (2013)

Objectives: We evaluated relationship and influence on the clinical outcome of physiologic and anatomic parameters after drug eluting stent (DES) implantation. Background: Relationship and prognost...
Hierarchical decisions on teeth vs. implants in the periodontitis‐susceptible patient: the modern dilemma
Authors: Nikolaos Donos, Lars Laurell, Nikolaos Mardas
Journal: Periodontology 2000 (2012)

It is estimated that advanced periodontitis typically affects about 10% of most adult populations studied. These individuals can be considered highly susceptible to periodontitis and often present difficulties for clinicians in therapeutic decision making, especially when dental implants are involved. Poor plaque control and smoking are well established risk factors for periodontitis, as well as for peri‐implant disease. Long‐term follow‐up studies have clearly demonstrated that treatment of periodontal disease, even if advanced, can be successful in arresting disease progression and preventing (or at least significantly delaying) tooth loss. With the increasing development of implant dentistry, traditional well documented and evidence‐based therapies to treat periodontal diseases may sometimes not be used to their full potential. Instead, there appears to be an increasing tendency to extract periodontally compromised teeth and replace them with implants, as if implants can solve the problem. However, peri‐implant diseases are prevalent, affecting between 28% and 56% of people with implants, and (at the implant level) 12–43% of implants. A history of periodontal disease, smoking and poor oral hygiene are all risk factors for developing peri‐implantitis. Unlike periodontitis, there are currently no predictable means for treating peri‐implantitis, although resective surgery seems to be the most effective technique. Consequently, if implant treatment is considered in patients who are susceptible to periodontitis, it should be preceded by appropriate and adequate periodontal treatment or re‐treatment to control the condition, and should be followed by a stringent supportive maintenance program to prevent the development of peri‐implant disease. The decision whether implant treatment should be performed should be based on an assessment of the patient’s risk profileat the subject level, as well as at the site level.
High-Throughput T-Cell Receptor Gene Repertoire Profiling in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Reveals a Molecular Signature of Antigen Selection
Authors: Anna Vardi, Evangelia Stalika, Athanasios Gkoufas, Maria Karypidou, Vasilis Bikos, Sarka Pospisilova, Achilles Anagnostopoulos, Nikolaos Maglaveras, Anastasia Hadzidimitriou, Ioanna Chouvarda, Kostas Stamatopoulos
Journal: Blood (2014)
Facial lesions in frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA): Clinicopathological features in a series of 12 cases
Authors: Arantxa López-Pestaña, Anna Tuneu, Carmen Lobo, Nerea Ormaechea, José Zubizarreta, Susana Vildosola, Elena Del Alcazar
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)
Abstract 19584: Frequency and Distribution of Hemodialysis (HD)-Associated Atrial Fibrillation: Preliminary Results of the (MiD) Study
Authors: Alexandru I Costea
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: ESRD patients are at increased risk for atrial arrhythmias. Atrial fibrillation (AF) prevalence up to 40% has been reported in HD patients, but the relationship of AF onset to the HD cycle is unknown.

Methods: MiD is a prospective multi-center study to characterize arrhythmias in 3x weekly HD patients with an implantable continuous cardiac monitoring device, the Medtronic Reveal® XT. HD treatment data are collected concurrently during the initial 6 months. The Reveal XT detects AF episodes based on incoherence in adjacent R-R intervals. Previous validation of Reveal XT AF detection against Holter monitoring showed 92% sensitivity and 80% positive predictive value for AF episodes ≥6 minutes (min) in duration.

Results: Follow-up is available for 45 subjects [mean follow-up 4.9mo (0.6-6.0mo), mean age 56 (27-76yrs), 36% female]. 1253 AF episodes ≥6 min long were detected in 18 of 45 (40.0%) subjects, occurring at a rate of 5.6 (95%CI=2.1-15.4) events per patient month (ppm). In the 18 subjects with any episodes, the rate of AF events ≥6 min was 14.1 (95%CI=6.3-31.7) ppm. The risk of AF onset peaks in the 12 hours after the start of the first HD session of the week following the long interdialytic interval. Total duration of AF episodes ≥6 min in these 18 subjects was 1866 hours. Only 5 of the total 45 subjects (11%) had any prior history of AF. Seventy two percent of the patients having any episodes of AF (13/18) were not on warfarin at study entry while 39% (7/18) had a prior diagnosis of congestive heart failure, and 61% (11/18) had a prior history of coronary artery disease. Twelve of 13 subjects not on warfarin had CHADS2 scores ≥2.

Conclusions: AF is common and often undiagnosed in ESRD with 40% of MiD patients having at least one sustained episode (≥6 min) and only 11% of these patients having any prior history. The dialysis procedure may directly increase AF risk with the greatest risk of AF onset occurring during the first 12 hours after HD initiation. Since 66% of our subjects had an indication for anticoagulation, early detection of AF is crucial.
Abstract 9743: Profibrillatory Atrial Autonomic and Cellular Electrophysiological Remodelling with Endurance Training
Authors: Eduard Guasch, Begona Benito, Xiao Yan Qi, Patrice Naud, Artak Tadevosyan, Marc-Antoine Gillis, Lluis Mont, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Endurance exercise (Ex) increases AF risk, but underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we studied Ex induced autonomic and cellular electrophysiological changes controlling AF risk. Methods: Ex rats (daily treadmill training X 16 wks) were compared to matched sedentary (Sed) controls. Parasympathetic and sympathetic tone were assessed from heart rate (HR) changes caused by atropine and propranolol respectively. Baroreflex sensitivity was studied by HR responses to phenylephrine-induced BP changes. Ion currents (I KACh , I to , I CaL ) were measured in atrial myocytes by patch clamp. Atrial refractory period (ARP) was measured in vivo with transvenous electrode catheters. mRNA expression was quantified by qPCR. Results: Atrial myocytes were hypertrophied in Ex (129±8.7 pF vs 73±5 pF Sed, p&lt;0.001). Parasympathetic tone was significantly enhanced in Ex rats by 83%, with no changes in sympathetic tone. Reflex vagal sensitivity was enhanced (60% increase in HR-reduction vs BP-increase slope with phenylephrine boluses). Post-synaptic responses were also increased, as shown by significant increases in I KACh induced by 100 μ M acetylcholine, ACh (Fig. A). mRNA expression of beta-adrenergic (β1, β2) and muscarinic (M2, M3) receptors and associated G proteins did not differ between groups. Regulatory G signaling proteins (RGS, Fig. B), which decrease ACh responses, were downregulated in Ex. Balanced downregulation of voltage gated K + and Ca 2+ current subunits (Fig. C) and currents (Fig. D) left ARP unchanged in the absence of ACh. AF inducibility was enhanced in Ex rats, an effect that was abolished by atropine. Conclusions: Ex promotes AF by enhancing vagal tone through pre (baroreflex) and post (RGS, I KACh ) synaptic mechanisms. Ion channel expression changes in a balanced way, leaving repolarization unaffected in the absence of ACh.
Abstract 11066: Long Term Clinical Outcome and Response to Statin Therapy of Veterans with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Naser Ahmadi, Fereshteh Hajsadeghi, Hormoz Babei, Rachel Yehuda, Ramin Ebrahimi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background:  We recently reported that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is independently associated with the presence and severity of subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD) within the Veterans population. This study investigates the sex-specific long-term clinical outcome and response to statin therapy in Veterans with PTSD.   Methods:  Electronic medical records were used to assess diagnoses, survival and pharmacotherapy from Southern California and Nevada veterans. The sex-specific relative risk (RR) of mortality was calculated using generalized estimating equation analyses.   Results:  The study population consisted of 287,013 veterans [age 65+_14 years, 40,966(14.2%) women. During a median 130-month follow-up, PTSD was more prevalent in male (n=29505 (11.9%)) than female (n=995 (2.3%)) Veterans. The mortality risk of PTSD was significantly higher in women as compared to men, especially with the presence of coronary artery disease (p   Conclusion:  1) PTSD is associated with CAD and mortality in both genders and 2) Statin therapy is associated with significantly improved survival rate in PTSD patients.
Interdependence of homologous recombination repair and cell cycle arrest in response to DNA double strand breaks induced by camptothecins
Authors: Min Huang, Hong Zhu, Zehong Miao, Bing Yu, Wei Lu, Jian Ding
Journal: Cancer Research (2007)

AACR Annual Meeting-- Apr 14-18, 2007; Los Angeles, CA

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DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) induced by camptothecins have been shown to activate homologous recombination repair and to arrest cell cycle. There has long been a notion that cell cycle arrest would give time to cells to repair their damaged DNA ( Jakson SP, Carcinogenesis. 2002, 23: 687-96; Zhou BB, et al, Nat Rev Cancer. 2004, 4: 216-25;Pommier Y, et al. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 2006, 81: 179-229 ). However, this notion simply presumes that cell cycle arrest would serve DNA repair but disregards that DNA repair efficiency could inversely affect cell cycle progression. In this study, we observed that DSBs kinetically decreased following 1-h treatment of HCT116 cells with camptothecin and its novel derivative chimmitecan ( Huang M, et al. Clin Cancer Res 2006, in press ) as revealed by the progressive dispersal of γ-H2AX foci and reduction of “comet” tails. Meanwhile, a reversible cell cycle arrest also took place marked by most cells recovering from transient S/G2 arrest and successive G2/M arrest. Moreover, the DSBs elimination was achieved prior to cell cycle normalization. In this process, the essential recombination repair protein RAD51 was detected to form DNA repair foci and abrogation of RAD51 with specific small interfering RNAs (siRNA) left the DSBs unrepaired persistently. Unexpectedly, disruption of RAD51 made the cells continuing to stay in G2/M phase, indicating that effective repair of DNA lesions is required for the reversal of cell cycle arrest. On the other hand, both the checkpoint kinases Chk1 and Chk2 were activated by phosphorylation in response to DSBs elicited by camptothecin and chimmitecan. Using Chk1 and Chk2 siRNAs revealed that the down-regulation of Chk1 but not of Chk2 abrogated RAD51 foci formation and DSBs removal whereas Chk2 was indispensable for G2/M arrest. Notably, Chk1 knockdown also slightly reduced the cells in G2/M arrest. Chk2 siRNA resulted in obvious apoptosis in the cells treated with camptothecins following the abrogation of G2/M arrest, suggesting that DSBs could not be repaired effectively. Therefore, we propose that the remaining amount of DSBs, which exactly corresponds to the DNA repair progression if DSBs has been discontinued, could be the most critical factor in determining the proportion of cells recovering from the cell cycle arrest while cell cycle arrest could also be critical for proper DNA repair. Taken together, our results uncover the interdependence of homologous recombination repair and cell cycle arrest in response to DSBs induced by camptothecins.
Abstract P334: Ankle-Brachial Index and Future Diabetes: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Simin Hua, Laura Loehr, Hirofumi Tanaka, Gerardo Heiss, Josef Coresh, Elizabeth Selvin, Kunihiro Matsushita
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) often experience reduced physical function and activity, which may increase the future risk of diabetes. Although diabetes is a risk factor of PAD, whether low ankle-brachial index (ABI) predates diabetes has not been studied. Hypothesis: Low ABI is independently associated with increased risk of incident diabetes. Methods: ABI was measured on a randomly selected leg in 12,244 black and white participants without prevalent diabetes at baseline (1987-1989). Incident diabetes cases were identified by glucose measurements (fasting ≥126 mg/dl or non-fasting ≥200 mg/dl) at subsequent three visits (1990-92, 1993-95, and 1996-98) and self-reported diagnosis or medication use at those visits or during annual phone interview through 2011. We examined the association of ABI with incident diabetes after accounting for potential confounders using Cox proportional hazards models. Results: A total of 3304 participants developed diabetes during a median of 21 years of follow-up. Participants with low (&lt;=0.9) or borderline low (0.9-1.0) ABI had 30-40% higher risk of future diabetes as compared to those with ABI of 1.1-1.2 in the demographically adjusted model (Table 1). The associations were attenuated after further adjustment for other potential confounders but remained significant for ABI 0.9-1.0 (HR=1.17, 95%CI 1.04-1.31), even after accounting for fasting glucose at baseline (P=0.046). The association were also attenuated for ABI &lt;=0.9 (HR=1.19 [95% CI 1.00-1.43]) and remained borderline significant in model adjusting for confounders except fasting glucose. The association of low ABI with diabetes was more evident in persons with normal glucose (fasting glucose &lt;100 mg/dl) than in those with impaired fasting glucose (100-125 mg/dl). Conclusions: Low ABI was mildly but independently associated with increased risk of incident diabetes in the general population. Attentions are needed regarding diabetes risk and glucose trajectory among people with low ABI.
Resistant arterial hypertension and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Jorge Vale, Eloísa Silva, Vitor Melo, Carla Capelão, Ana Rita Oliveira, Isabel Gil, Pedro Ribeiro, Amparo Sanchez Serrano, Fernando Girão, António Simões Torres
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background: Resistant arterial hypertension is frequently paired with subclinical target-organ damage and additional higher cardiovascular risk. Several studies have confirmed the association between Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS) and resistant hypertension.  Objective: Analyze the relationship between OSAS and resistant arterial hypertension.  Methods: Resistant hypertension was defined as a daytime blood pressure of at least 140 mm Hg systolic or at least 90 mm Hg diastolic, despite stable use of a combination of 3 or more antihypertensive agents. The patients identified at the Internal Medicine department were referred to our Sleep Unit. A home respiratory polygraphy was then performed to study OSAS in all patients  Results: A total of 21 patients were studied (11 men and 10 women), mean age 56±3 years and mean body mass index 32.9±1,5 kg/m2. The mean systolic and diastolic pressures measured by the 24h-Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring were of 140.8±15.3/86.4±2,4 mm Hg. Seventeen patients (80,9%) had OSAS and 47,6% had severe OSAS (AHI ≥ 30/h). The mean CT90 was 13,0±3,8 and the mean AHI was 26,2±4,3. The AHI was not correlated with the mean systolic or diastolic pressure. There were no differences in terms of mean systolic and diastolic pressures between the patients with severe OSAS and the patients with an AHI≤30. The presence of nondipping pattern was not associated with a higher prevalence of severe OSAS neither with a higher CT90.  Conclusions: In accordance to previous studies, our results showed a high prevalence of OSAS (80,9%) in patients with resistant hypertension. This reinforces the need to screen these patients for OSAS since treatment with CPAP could improve blood pressure control.
Polygenic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder predict creativity
Authors: Robert A Power, Stacy Steinberg, Gyda Bjornsdottir, Cornelius A Rietveld, Abdel Abdellaoui, Michel M Nivard, Magnus Johannesson, Tessel E Galesloot, Jouke J Hottenga, Gonneke Willemsen, David Cesarini, Daniel J Benjamin, Patrik K E Magnusson, Fredrik Ullén, Henning Tiemeier, Albert Hofman, Frank J A van Rooij, G Bragi Walters, Engilbert Sigurdsson, Thorgeir E Thorgeirsson, Andres Ingason, Agnar Helgason, Augustine Kong, Lambertus A Kiemeney, Philipp Koellinger, Dorret I Boomsma, Daniel Gudbjartsson, Hreinn Stefansson, Kari Stefansson
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2015)
Clinical study of the relation of borderline personality disorder to Briquet's syndrome (hysteria), somatization disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance abuse disorders [published erratum appears in Am J Psychiatry 1997 Jan;154(1):139]
Authors: J J Hudziak, T J Boffeli, J J Kreisman, M M Battaglia, C Stanger, S B Guze, J J Kriesman
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The criteria for borderline personality disorder seem to select patients with very high rates of Briquet's syndrome (hysteria), somatization disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and substance abuse disorders. This study was undertaken to determine whether systematic assessment of patients with borderline personality disorder would reveal characteristic features of that condition which would distinguish it from these other disorders.Eighty-seven white female patients (75 in St. Louis and 12 in Milan, Italy) who had borderline personality disorder according to both the DSM-III-R criteria and the Revised Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines were further examined with the DSM-III-R Checklist and the Perley-Guze Hysteria Checklist to determine their patterns of psychiatric comorbidity.Every patient had at least one additional DSM diagnosis. Patients in St. Louis and Milan averaged five and four additional diagnoses, respectively. Eighty-four percent of the patients in St. Louis met criteria for either somatization disorder, Briquet's syndrome, antisocial personality disorder, or substance abuse disorders. Patterns of comorbidity for panic (51%), generalized anxiety disorder (55%), and major depression (87%) in St. Louis were consistent with those in other studies.The data indicate that the boundaries for the borderline condition are not specific and identify a high percentage of patients with these other disorders. Furthermore, the comorbidity profiles closely resemble the psychiatric profiles of patients with these disorders. If the borderline syndrome is meant to include all of these disorders, its usefulness as a diagnosis is limited. Until the fundamental features of borderline personality disorder that distinguish it from the others are identified, it is recommended that clinicians carefully assess patients for these other diagnoses. Efforts should be made to change the borderline personality disorder criteria by shifting away from overlap with the criteria for the other disorders.
Clinical evaluation of rapid point-of-care testing for detection of novel influenza A (H1N1) virus in a population-based study in Spain
Authors: V. Ortiz de la Tabla, P. Antequera, M. Masiá, P. Ros, C. Martin, G. Gazquez, F. Buñuel, V. Sánchez, C. Robledano, F. Gutiérrez
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Noninvasive Testing in Patients With Chest Pain
Authors: Gregory R. Hartlage
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Gender and age at onset in schizophrenia: impact of family history
Authors: P Gorwood, M Leboyer, M Jay, C Payan, J Feingold
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The 1-year prevalence of schizophrenia was studied in a limited geographical area of Reunion Island (Indian Ocean) to assess the impact of family history of schizophrenia on the well-known association between gender and age at onset.The population of schizophrenic patients meeting the DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia (N = 663) was identified and divided according to the presence of another schizophrenic patient among the first- and second-degree relatives.As previously reported, the median age at onset differed between the sexes: the males had an earlier onset (mean age = 27.8 years) than the females (31.5 years). Comparison of the ages at onset according to family history revealed that onset was later for female subjects with a negative family history than for the three other groups (i.e., males with or without a family history and females with a family history). No difference emerged in the comparison of the ages at onset of the males and females with a positive family history.Comparison of schizophrenic patients with familial versus sporadic disorder confirms the absence of a gender effect for age at onset in the subgroup with familial disorder. This approach also demonstrates the existence of a subgroup composed of affected females having late onset and no family history of schizophrenia.