tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The Schizophrenic Syndrome
Authors: Samuel Friedman
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Assisted on this occasion by coeditor Laurence Loeb and by 24 other contributors, Leopold Bellak has fashioned the third of his "Inside Schizophrenia" books. This edition, approximately twice that of the first venture (1948), summarizes the literature of the past decade, through 1967. The bibliography has some 4,500 titles, yet the feeling remains that we know very little more about the core of the disease. The section on treatment constitutes a major difference between the two editions. The first edition devoted some 200 pages, or almost half the book, to insulin, electroshock, and other somatic therapies; the current volume has 20 pages on this subject. Leo Alexander continues to support insulin-coma therapy and presents a graph which apparently illustrates the superiority of insulin coma and reserpine, as well as custodial management, over chlorpromazine. Elsewhere, however, the following statement appears: "Any phenothiazine is better than no phenothiazine in the treatment of
Effects of mild physical exercise on serum lipoproteins and metabolites of arachidonic acid: a controlled randomised trial in middle aged men.
Authors: R Rauramaa, J T Salonen, K Kukkonen-Harjula, K Seppanen, E Seppala, H Vapaatalo, J K Huttunen
Journal: BMJ (1984)

To study the effects of physical exercise on biochemical risk factors for ischaemic heart disease 31 healthy middle aged men undertook regular physical exercise for two months and 29 served as controls in a randomised trial. In the men taking regular exercise serum cholesterol concentrations increased 26% more in the high density lipoprotein subfraction two (HDL2) and decreased 31% more in the subfraction three (HDL3) and 9% more in the low density lipoprotein fraction than in the control group. A tendency towards increased plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha concentration and decreased serum thromboxane B2 concentration was found during the period of regular exercise, but prostaglandin E2 concentrations remained unchanged. The increase in plasma 6-keto-prostaglandin F1 alpha concentration was associated with an increase in serum HDL2 cholesterol concentration in the group taking regular exercise. Our data suggest that mild regular physical exercise favourably influences cholesterol distribution in serum lipoproteins in healthy middle aged men and may have beneficial effects on circulating metabolites of arachidonic acid.
Prospective Payment for Psychiatry — Feasibility and Impact
Authors: Dale N. Schumacher, M. Jo Namerow, Barbara Parker, Peter Fox, Vincent Kofie
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

Abstract Although 15 diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) have been proposed for psychiatric hospital patients, psychiatric hospitals are currently exempt from the DRG prospective payment system. We investigated the ability of the psychiatric DRGs to predict the hospital length of stay and costs by retrospectively analyzing the charts of 8816 randomly selected patients from 32 psychiatric hospitals throughout the United States. In addition, we developed other grouping systems to see whether they would have been better predictors of length of stay. We found that grouping the patients in the 15 psychiatric DRGs reduced the total variance in length of stay by only 3.9 percent. Furthermore, our best alternative grouping — based on major diagnostic categories, whether the patient was transferred from another facility, age, and psychiatric complications and comorbidities — reduced the variance by only 7.8 percent. We conclude that DRGs do not adequately predict length of stay or costs in psychiatric hospitals. We identified factors other than diagnosis that predicted the length of stay better, but all the models we tested would create large financial "winners" and "losers" and thus introduce inappropriate incentives into the care of patients in psychiatric hospitals. (N Engl J Med 1986; 315:1331–6.)
Increased frequency of hemodialysis reduced adverse clinical outcomes
Authors: Gihad E. Nesrallah
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2011)

ACP Journal Club19 April 2011Increased frequency of hemodialysis reduced adverse clinical outcomesGihad E. Nesrallah, MDGihad E. Nesrallah, MDUniversity of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada (G.E.N.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-154-8-201104190-02006 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationFrequent Hemodialysis Network Trial Group, Chertow GM, Levin NW, et al. In-center hemodialysis six times per week versus three times per week. N Engl J Med. 2010;363:2287-300. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21091062Clinical Impact RatingsNephrology: References1 Eknoyan G, Beck GJ, Cheung AK, et al. Effect of dialysis dose and membrane flux in maintenance hemodialysis. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:2010-9. [PMID: 12490682] Google Scholar2 Rocco MV, Larive B, Eggers PW, et al. Baseline characteristics of participants in the Frequent Hemodialysis Network (FHN) daily and nocturnal trials. Am J Kidney Dis. 2011;57:90-100. [PMID: 21122961] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada (G.E.N.)This article was published at Annals.org on 5 April 2011. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 19 April 2011Volume 154, Issue 8Page: JC4-6KeywordsClinical trialsHealth surveysMedical dialysisMotivationNephrologyQuality of lifeRenal diseasesRenal failureUrea ePublished: 19 April 2011 Issue Published: 19 April 2011 CopyrightCopyright © 2011 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
Plasma Platelet-activating Factor Acetylhydrolase Deficiency in Japanese Patients with Asthma
Authors: NAGATO SATOH, KOICHIRO ASANO, KATSUHIKO NAOKI, KOUICHI FUKUNAGA, MAKIKO IWATA, MINORU KANAZAWA, KAZUHIRO YAMAGUCHI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1999)

Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a phospholipid with a wide range of proinflammatory actions, is immediately degraded and inactivated in vivo by PAF acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH). Surprisingly, 4% of the Japanese population lacks the extracellular isoform of this enzyme, plasma PAF-AH, due to a genetic missense (V279F) mutation. We studied the association of this mutation with asthma prevalence and phenotypes in the Japanese adult population. The allele frequency of V279F mutation was 18.6% in 279 patients with asthma (28.7% heterozygotes and 4.3% homozygotes) and 21.7% in 217 healthy subjects (32.3% heterozygotes and 5.5% homozygotes). V279F mutant allele prevalence was consistent regardless of asthma type (16.3% in atopic [n = 156] and 21.6% in nonatopic [n = 123]), or the severity of disease (21.7% in patients with mild [n = 97], 17.5% in those with moderate [n = 131], and 15.8% in those with severe [n = 51] asthma). Plasma PAF-AH activity was inversely proportional to the number of mutant alleles, and did not correlate with asthma prevalence, type, or severity. We concluded that plasma PAF-AH deficiency due to V279F mutation is not essential to the pathophysiology of asthma in the Japanese adult population.
Ribogenomics: The Science and Knowledge of RNA
Authors: Jiayan Wu, Jingfa Xiao, Zhang Zhang, Xumin Wang, Songnian Hu, Jun Yu
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2014)

Abstract Ribonucleic acid (RNA) deserves not only a dedicated field of biological research — a discipline or branch of knowledge — but also explicit definitions of its roles in cellular processes and molecular mechanisms. Ribogenomics is to study the biology of cellular RNAs, including their origin, biogenesis, structure and function. On the informational track, messenger RNAs (mRNAs) are the major component of ribogenomes, which encode proteins and serve as one of the four major components of the translation machinery and whose expression is regulated at multiple levels by other operational RNAs. On the operational track, there are several diverse types of RNAs — their length distribution is perhaps the most simplistic stratification — involving in major cellular activities, such as chromosomal structure and organization, DNA replication and repair, transcriptional/post-transcriptional regulation, RNA processing and routing, translation and cellular energy/metabolism regulation. An all-out effort exceeding the magnitude of the Human Genome Project is of essence to construct just mammalian transcriptomes in multiple contexts including embryonic development, circadian and seasonal rhythms, defined life-span stages, pathological conditions and anatomy-driven tissue/organ/cell types.
Breakpoints on chromosomes 9 and 22 in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). Amplification of rearranged c-abl oncogenes in CML blast crisis.
Authors: S J Collins
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1986)

We surveyed 20 Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) samples by Southern blot hybridization to determine the location of the breakpoints that occur on chromosomes 9 and 22 in the Ph1 translocation. Only 3 of 20 samples exhibited breakpoints on chromosome 9 within 18 kilobases (kb) of the v-abl homologous sequences. Mapping of these three chromosome 9 breakpoints indicates that each is at a separate location within this 18-kb region, indicating that there are no breakpoint "hot spots" in this area. In contrast, all 20 CML samples exhibited breaks on chromosome 22 within a 5.0-kb Bgl II fragment that lies within the previously described breakpoint cluster region (bcr). Several patients with CML blast crisis exhibiting multiple Ph1 chromosomes/metaphase exhibited amplified and rearranged c-abl-related fragments. These additional Ph1 chromosomes in blast crisis cells do not arise from a second, independent 9:22 translocation but rather result from a duplication of the preexisting Ph1 chromosome.
The Ubiquitin-Editing Enzyme A20 Restricts Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain Containing 2-Triggered Signals
Authors: Osamu Hitotsumatsu, Regina-Celeste Ahmad, Rita Tavares, Min Wang, Dana Philpott, Emre E. Turer, Bettina L. Lee, Nataliya Shiffin, Rommel Advincula, Barbara A. Malynn, Catherine Werts, Averil Ma
Journal: Immunity (2008)
IMPACT OF VASCULAR CLOSURE WITH THE PRE-CLOSURE TECHNIQUE ON ADVERSE EVENTS IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TRANSFEMORAL BALLOON AORTIC VALVULOPLASTY: RESULTS FROM A 2-CENTER registry
Authors: Brian P. O&apos;Neill, Vikas Singh, Jennifer Yu, David Knopf, Usman Baber, Claudia Martinez, Carlos Alfonso, Jason Kovacic, George Dangas, Evan Jacobs, Annapoorna Kini, Roxana Mehran, Samin Sharma, Pedro Martinez-Clark, Samantha Sartori, Alan Heldman, William O&apos;Neill, Mauricio Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Staging of Pelvic Lymph Nodes in Neoplasms of the Bladder and Prostate by Positron Emission Tomography with 2-[&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;F]-2-Deoxy-&lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;-Glucose
Authors: R&uuml;diger Heicappell, Volker M&uuml;ller-Mattheis, Martin Reinhardt, Henning Vosberg, Claus Dieter Gerharz, Hans-Wilhelm M&uuml;ller-G&auml;rtner, Rolf Ackermann
Journal: European Urology (1999)
KLF9 is a novel transcriptional regulator of bortezomib- and LBH589-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells
Authors: Sudha Mannava, DaZhong Zhuang, Jayakumar R. Nair, Rajat Bansal, Joseph A. Wawrzyniak, Shoshanna N. Zucker, Emily E. Fink, Kalyana C. Moparthy, Qiang Hu, Song Liu, Lawrence H. Boise, Kelvin P. Lee, Mikhail A. Nikiforov
Journal: Blood (2011)
Janus kinase 2 (V617F) mutation status, signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 phosphorylation and impaired neutrophil apoptosis in myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia
Authors: R A Mesa, A Tefferi, T S Lasho, D Loegering, R F McClure, H L Powell, N T Dai, D P Steensma, S H Kaufmann
Journal: Leukemia (2006)
Granulocytic sarcoma giant in chronic myeloid leukemia during imatinib mesylate therapy
Authors: Rita de Cássia RosáRio Cavalheiro, Perla Vicari, Fernanda Maria Morselli, Larissa Veloso M Ommati, Fanny de Oliveira Frazão Rosa, José Salvador Rodrigues Oliveira
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2005)
Relationship between regional contractile function and S-T segment elevation after experimental coronary artery occlusion in the dog
Authors: H. J. SMITH, K. M. KENT, S. E. EPSTEIN
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1978)

The relationship between regional contractile function (ultrasonic crystals) and S-T segment elevation recorded from both endocardial and epicardial electrodes was examined at thoracotomy in dogs with sudden or graded coronary artery occlusion. After sudden occlusion of the left anterior descending artery in 5 dogs, hypokinetic changes were apparent within 10 s. However. S-T segment elevation was first observed in both endocardial and epicardial electrograms at 30 s, synchronous with the onset of dyskinesia. By 5 min after occulsion, endocardial S-T segment elevation (8.6 ± 1.3 mV) and epicardial S-T segment elevation (7.6 ± l.4mV) were essentially identical. In 6 dogs, a carotid-to-coronary shunt was created to perfuse the LAD. A significant reduction in normalised velocity of contraction over the first ⅓ of systole ⅓ (Vn; from 10.1 ± 1.0 to 3.7± 2.5 mm·s−1 cm−1; P < 0.05) was first observed after reduction of coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) to 5.3 kPa (40 mmHg) (P 0.05). Both the end-diastolic segment length and the mean systolic segment length were significantly increased at CPP = 4.0 kPa (30 mmHg). Significant endocardial S-T segment elevation (11.7 ±3.8 mV; P < 0.05) was observed after graded occlusion and reduction of CPP to 6.7 kPa (50 mmHg). Epicardial S-T segment elevation was less than endocardial S-T segment elevation at all levels of CPP and was only significantly increased after reduction of CPP to 4.0 kPa (30 mmHg) (9.0; 1.2 mV; P < 0.05). These data suggest that endocardial S-T segment elevation may be a slightly more sensitive index of ischaemia than is depression of contractile function which, in turn, is more sensitive than epicardial S-T segment elevation.
Cost-Effectiveness of Echocardiography after Stroke
Authors: James R. Korb
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Letters15 May 1998Cost-Effectiveness of Echocardiography after StrokeJames R. Korb, MDJames R. Korb, MDLos Angeles, CA 90034Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-128-10-199805150-00018 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail TO THE EDITOR:McNamara and colleagues [1] showed that TEE is more cost-effective than TTE in ischemic stroke. They also concluded that all patients with new-onset stroke should have TEE. I do not think that their study supports the latter conclusion. In calculating costs for TEE, the authors included only the cost of the test. It is most likely that if all patients with new-onset stroke were to receive TEE, the average length of hospital stay for strokes would be increased.The authors also estimate an 8% rate of cardiac thrombus and a 33% reduction in the rate of recurrent ...References1. McNamara RL, Lima JA, Whelton PK, Powe NR. Echocardiographic identification of cardiovascular sources of emboli to guide clinical management of stroke: a cost-effectiveness analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1997; 127:775-87. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, CA 90034 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 May 1998Volume 128, Issue 10Page: 872-873KeywordsEchocardiographyHeart rateHemorrhageHemorrhagic strokeIschemic strokeSedationStrokeThrombosis Issue Published: 15 May 1998 CopyrightCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF DownloadLoading ...
A Guide to the American Psychiatric Association's New Diagnostic Nomenclature
Authors: ROBERT L. SPITZER, PAUL T. WILSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The new diagnostic nomenclature, which will become official on July 1, represents a significant advance toward the use of a standard international classification system to facilitate the exchange of ideas among psychiatrists of all countries. The ways in which the new manual (DSM-II) differs both from the original (DSM-I) and from the current World Health Organization International Classification of Diseases (ICD-8) are discussed to aid psychiatrists in making the transition.
Predicting Progression — ZAP-70 in CLL
Authors: Terry J. Hamblin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2004)

The harder we look, the more we find. Diagnoses of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) are becoming more common because we are looking harder. With sensitive techniques, a monoclonal population of B lymphocytes that is indistinguishable from CLL cells may be found in the blood of 3.5 percent of persons older than 40 years of age. Even without such sophisticated methods, simple immunophenotyping, which is available to all, easily singles out CLL from the many other causes of slight lymphocytosis. Such a finding will never have clinical effects in most people — they will die with it rather than from it . . .
Smooth Liver Surface may Conceal Cirrhosis. Evidence for the Late Development of Nodular Surface of the Cirrhotic Liver
Authors: R. Orlando, F. Lirussi, M. Muraca, R. Naccarato, L. Okoliesanyi
Journal: Endoscopy (1988)

A 22-year-old male student with HBs Ag + acute hepatic necrosis was admitted to our clinic for further examination. Since his liver function worsened, laparoscopy with direct vision hepatic biopsy was performed. Macroscopically, the surface of the liver did not show the characteristic nodular appearance, in contrast to histological alterations suggestive of liver cirrhosis. Eight months later, a second laparoscopic/bioptic examination was performed. The liver surface appeared nodular, while the histological picture was unchanged vis-a-vis the first examination. The discrepancy between the macroscopic findings observed at the first laparoscopy and those seen eight months later, would suggest that cirrhosis initially develops "inside" the liver and can only be detected histologically; the characteristic nodularity of the liver surface "emerges" subsequently.
Is there a role for immunoblots in the diagnosis of latex allergy? Intermethod comparison of <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> IgE assays in spina bifida patients
Authors: C. Grüber, D. Buck, U. Wahn, B. Niggemann
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: The best diagnostic method for latex allergy is still controversial. This investigation was designed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of immunoblotting in comparison with established in vitro and in vivo test systems. Methods: A total of 108 spina bifida patients were investigated by questionnaire and skin prick test (SPT). Specific serum IgE to latex was analyzed by the Pharmacia CAP FEIA immunoassay, DPC AlaSTAT microplate immunoassay, and DPC AlaBLOT immunoblot. Patients were regarded as latex allergic if they reacted positively to challenge by the latex glove wearing test. Results: Thirty‐four patients reacted positively to challenge. The sensitivity rates were 97% (SPT), 94% (immunoblot, CAP), 74% (AlaSTAT), and 35% (clinical history). The specificity rates were 92% (clinical history), 88% (AlaSTAT), 77% (SPT), 76% (CAP), and 69% (immunoblot). If two methods were combined, efficiency rates were highest for SPT combined with CAP (sensitivity 94%, specificity 82%), with AlaSTAT (sensitivity 74%, specificity 92%), or with immunoblot (sensitivity 91%, specificity 84%). The sera of challenge‐positive patients recognized more immunoblot bands than challenge‐negative patients, and the severity of symptoms correlated with the number of recognized bands. Conclusions: The diagnostic efficiency of immunoblotting is not superior to that of SPT. However, immunoblotting may serve as an additional tool to increase slightly the specificity of SPT and specific serum IgE tests.
Cutaneous and pulmonary dirofilariasis due to <i>Dirofilaria repens</i>
Authors: M. Benzaquen, D. Brajon, M. Delord, N. Yin, F. Bittar, I. Toga, P. Berbis, P. Parola
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2015)

Journal Article Cutaneous and pulmonary dirofilariasis due to Dirofilaria repens Get access M. Benzaquen, M. Benzaquen Service de Dermatologie Hôpital Nord Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar D. Brajon, D. Brajon Service de Dermatologie Hôpital Nord Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Delord, M. Delord Pole Maladies Infectieuses Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Yin, N. Yin Pole Maladies Infectieuses Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar F. Bittar, F. Bittar Faculté de Médecine Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095 Aix Marseille Université Marseille France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar I. Toga, I. Toga Pole Maladies Infectieuses Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Berbis, P. Berbis Service de Dermatologie Hôpital Nord Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Parola P. Parola Pole Maladies Infectieuses Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille Marseille 13015 FranceFaculté de Médecine Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Infectieuses Transmissibles et Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198, Inserm 1095 Aix Marseille Université Marseille France Correspondence Philippe Parola. E‐mail: philippe.parola@univ-amu.fr Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 173, Issue 3, 1 September 2015, Pages 788–791, https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.13859 Published: 01 September 2015
Various Presentations of Postcholecystectomy Bile Leak Diagnosed By Scintigraphy
Authors: ANIL RAMACHANDRAN, SHIV M. GUPTA, WILLIAM D. JOHNS
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2001)

Hepatobiliary scintigraphy is an established method for the diagnosis of a bile leak from the biliary system. A bile leak should be considered in any patient after cholecystectomy who has unexplained abdominal pain after operation. Three patients with bile leak diagnosed by scintigraphy are described, one of whom had an unusual pattern of hepatic subcapsular collection of the bile. The second patient had a bile leak through the postsurgical drainage tube, whereas the third patient had a more typical pattern of leakage into the peritoneal cavity.
Older people are wrongly excluded from drug trials
Authors: Christiane Rehwagen
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Age discrimination exists in many aspects of elderly people's health care, a conference in London heard last week. Peter Crome, professor of geriatric medicine at Keele University and president elect of the British Geriatrics Society, was speaking at a conference on medication for frail older people organised by CCC, a group representing commercial, charitable, and public service organisations in London.

“The [National Service Framework] for older people is clearly against discrimination on the grounds of age, but there are many examples which show a different reality.” Professor Crome explained. The common imposition of upper age limits for clinical trials was an important form of discrimination, he …