tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 3727: Telangiectasias in the skin of patients: Indicator of angiogenic status of tumors?
Authors: Carolina Ellberg, Helena Jernström, Håkan Olsson
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: The angiogenic status of a tumor is related to the prognosis of the patient, and to the possibility of treatment with angiogenesis inhibitors. Patients who express telangiectasias (spiders) in the skin have an increased ability to form vessels, due to, for example, hormonal influences. We hypothesized that tumor tissue to some extent resembles the normal tissue in a patient, which could mean that is if a patient is prone to form spiders in the skin, the same would be true in their tumors. Spiders are associated with hormonal influence, and therefore telangiectasias in patients could be a reflection of hormonal influence and angiogenic status of their tumor. Materials and methods: A clinical series of 1682 consecutive breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1980 and June 2009 were studied. One physician scored the presence/absence of spiders on the upper part of the body at the time of breast cancer diagnosis. The aim was to further study the association between telangiectasias and classical histopathologic subtypes of breast cancer, HRT-ever use, life time number of menstrual cycles and ever use of oral contraceptive pills (OCP). All analyses were performed using multivariate logistic regression, a confidence interval (CI) of 95% was used. Results: The occurrence of telangiectasias of the upper thorax, neck and face was positively associated with HRT-ever use (OR = 3.24 (CI 2.02 – 5.19)), OCP-ever use (OR = 2.08 (CI 1.30 – 3.32)) and high number of menstrual cycles, above 550 – the upper quartile OR = 4.57 (CI 1.49-13.95). Weight was also associated with spiders, p = 0.006. Contrary to the other histopathologic subtypes no telangiectasias in the skin were observed in patients with comedo carcinoma, p = 0.0002 (Fisher's exact test). No significant difference in spiders was seen between the other patients with the other subtypes. The results above were adjusted for age at diagnosis and for each studied variable simultaneously. Conclusion: The occurrence of spiders was associated with several hormonal factors indicating the importance of hormones in the induction of telangiectasias. Our theory that the tendency to form vessels is similar in normal tissue as well as in tumor tissue could explain the necrotic core in comedo carcinoma. It has been hypothesized that the necrotic core is due to the high growth rate of the tumor, but it might be due to a lesser ability to form vessels. Are comedo carcinoma patients a group who benefit less from anti-angiogenic therapy while patients with strong endogenous or exogenous hormonal exposures would benefit more from anti-angiogenic therapy? Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3727. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3727
ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED PROGRESSION OF CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS: INSIGHTS FROM INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND ATHEROSCLEROSIS TRIALS
Authors: Ozgur Bayturan, E Murat Tuzcu, Mingyuan Shao, Andrea J. Lavoei, Kiyoko Uno, Kathy Wolski, Paul Schoenhagen, Samir R. Kapadia, Steven E. Nissen, Stephen J. Nicholls
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Fellowships: A Modest Proposal
Authors: MILFORD FULOP
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Letters and Corrections1 November 1986Fellowships: A Modest ProposalMILFORD FULOP, M.D.MILFORD FULOP, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-105-5-808_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Training in internal medicine is in transition. Patients and payers want more general physicians, but we are still training too many subspecialists. Teaching hospitals need clinical fellows to provide some sophisticated services and to teach; however, the number of applicants who are seeking fellowships is not increasing, and the number who are truly interested in academic careers emphasizing research is probably decreasing. At the same time, there are pressures to decrease the number of fellows being trained in order to decrease the number of subspecialists in practice. Attempts to meet those decreases by limiting the access of... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: MILFORD FULOP, M.D. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 November 1986Volume 105, Issue 5Page: 808-809KeywordsCareers in researchFellowshipsSub-specialty care ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1986 PDF downloadLoading ...
Adaptation of houses for home dialysis.
Authors: S G Phillips
Journal: BMJ (1971)

was present but caused her little inconveni- ence.Repeat arteriography showed occlusion of the whole of the popliteal artery with well marked coUaterals.She refused further op- eration in view of the paucity of her symptoms.Occlusion of the artery was due to contact between the intimal surfaces of the vessel without thrombosis.Conservative removal of the gel restored pulsation, and patency of the artery was demonstrated arteriographically following the operation.However, re- occlusion occurred within one year, and this supports the opinion that in cases of complete occlusion arterial resection with auto- genous vein grafting should be performed in preference to simple evacuation of the cyst.-Iam, etc.,
Hematopoietic stem cell mobilizing agents G-CSF, cyclophosphamide or AMD3100 have distinct mechanisms of action on bone marrow HSC niches and bone formation
Authors: I G Winkler, A R Pettit, L J Raggatt, R N Jacobsen, C E Forristal, V Barbier, B Nowlan, A Cisterne, L J Bendall, N A Sims, J-P Lévesque
Journal: Leukemia (2012)
Factors Controlling Erythropoiesis
Authors: Lawrence C. Parish
Journal: JAMA (1961)

"The problem of the physiologic control of hemopoiesis is complex and has not yet been solved. Recent studies have greatly advanced our knowledge of the remarkable homostatic mechanism which governs erythropoiesis, but there is still much to be learned." The authors have demonstrated in this monograph that they have not only carefully and completely reviewed the pertinent literature on erythropoiesis, but they have also reported on their own experiments which appear to be excellent. One of the most interesting sections is a discussion of the sites of production of plasma factors. The evidence presented indicates that the kidneys are probably the site of humoral erythropoietic regulation but that the plasma erythropoesis is else where and that its storage may be in an organ which is not involved in the production. The idea of kidney involvment stems from the fact that patients with chronic renal disease often suffer from anemia, and
Effects of Anterior Communicating Artery Diameter on Cerebral Hemodynamics in Internal Carotid Artery Disease
Authors: Francis Cassot, Valérie Vergeur, Philippe Bossuet, Berend Hillen, Mokhtar Zagzoule, Jean-Pierre Marc-Vergnes
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Collateral circulatory pathways are considered the primary determinant of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with obstructive lesions of the internal carotid arteries (ICaAs). However, the hemodynamic effects of the diameter of the anterior communicating artery (ACoA) have never been assessed quantitatively in humans.Two different mathematical models were used to simulate changes affecting blood pressures and flows in cerebral arteries as a function of ACoA diameter and ICaA stenoses or occlusions. Small changes in ACoA diameter were found to have marked hemodynamic effects when they occurred within the range of 0.4 to 1.6 mm, a situation observed in 80% of the cases. Outside this range, changes in ACoA diameter had no effect. Simulated pressure drops through a stenotic ICaA were consistent with those observed. They were found to depend on the degrees of the stenoses in both ICaAs and on ACoA diameter according to a simple equation. Pressure reserve in the middle and anterior cerebral arteries decreased to below the lower limit of autoregulation, despite a normal mean arterial blood pressure, when the arteries were distal to a unique 70% ICaA stenosis associated with a small-diameter ACoA or to a 50% ICaA stenosis associated with a contralateral ICaA occlusion and a large-diameter ACoA. Above these thresholds, the circle of Willis allowed for an almost complete global cerebral blood flow compensation that involved all the afferent and communicating vessels.ACoA diameter strongly modulates the effects of ICaA lesions on cerebral hemodynamics. Some proposals for endarterectomy indications can be derived from our study.
The Injuries to JFK
Authors: Wayne S. Smith
Journal: JAMA (1992)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The two articles in the May 27,1992, issue<sup>1,2</sup>of<i>JAMA</i>purportedly put the matter of the John F. Kennedy assassination to rest. They do not. On the contrary, I do not recall ever having seen so many erroneous statements in so few pages. That Dr George Lundberg, the editor ofThe Journal, would give them the cachet of his approval and cooperation is difficult to understand. Let me point out only a few of the glaringly erroneous assertions in Mr Breo's article: He suggests that Dr Charles Crenshaw wasn't even in the room, so how could he know anything? Yet Crenshaw is identified at least five times in Volume VI of the Warren hearings as one of the attending physicians. He does have reason to know. 2. He says the autopsy provides "irrefutable evidence that President Kennedy was struck by only two bullets that came
Seizures and Epileptiform Activity in the Early Stages of Alzheimer Disease
Authors: Keith A. Vossel, Alexander J. Beagle, Gil D. Rabinovici, Huidy Shu, Suzee E. Lee, Georges Naasan, Manu Hegde, Susannah B. Cornes, Maya L. Henry, Alexandra B. Nelson, William W. Seeley, Michael D. Geschwind, Maria L. Gorno-Tempini, Tina Shih, Heidi E. Kirsch, Paul A. Garcia, Bruce L. Miller, Lennart Mucke
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2013)

Epileptic activity associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) deserves increased attention because it has a harmful impact on these patients, can easily go unrecognized and untreated, and may reflect pathogenic processes that also contribute to other aspects of the illness. We report key features of AD-related seizures and epileptiform activity that are instructive for clinical practice and highlight similarities between AD and transgenic animal models of the disease.To describe common clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or early AD who also have epilepsy or subclinical epileptiform activity.Retrospective observational study from 2007 to 2012. SETTING Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco.We studied 54 patients with a diagnosis of aMCI plus epilepsy (n = 12), AD plus epilepsy (n = 35), and AD plus subclinical epileptiform activity (n = 7).Clinical and demographic data, electroencephalogram (EEG) readings, and treatment responses to antiepileptic medications.Patients with aMCI who had epilepsy presented with symptoms of cognitive decline 6.8 years earlier than patients with aMCI who did not have epilepsy (64.3 vs 71.1 years; P = .02). Patients with AD who had epilepsy presented with cognitive decline 5.5 years earlier than patients with AD who did not have epilepsy (64.8 vs 70.3 years; P = .001). Patients with AD who had subclinical epileptiform activity also had an early onset of cognitive decline (58.9 years). The timing of seizure onset in patients with aMCI and AD was nonuniform (P < .001), clustering near the onset of cognitive decline. Epilepsies were most often complex partial seizures (47%) and more than half were nonconvulsive (55%). Serial or extended EEG monitoring appeared to be more effective than routine EEG at detecting interictal and subclinical epileptiform activity. Epileptic foci were predominantly unilateral and temporal. Of the most commonly prescribed antiepileptics, treatment outcomes appeared to be better for lamotrigine and levetiracetam than for phenytoin.Common clinical features of patients with aMCI- or AD-associated epilepsy at our center included early age at onset of cognitive decline, early incidence of seizures in the disease course, unilateral temporal epileptic foci detected by serial/extended EEG, transient cognitive dysfunction, and good seizure control and tolerability with lamotrigine and levetiracetam. Careful identification and treatment of epilepsy in such patients may improve their clinical course.
Variations in the<i>NRAMP1</i>Gene and Susceptibility to Tuberculosis in West Africans
Authors: Richard Bellamy, Cyril Ruwende, Tumani Corrah, Keith P.W.J. McAdam, Hilton C. Whittle, Adrian V.S. Hill
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Genetic factors may affect the susceptibility to tuberculosis, but no specific genes governing susceptibility have been identified. In mice, natural resistance to infection with some mycobacteria is influenced by the gene for natural-resistance–associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1 ), but the role of the human homologue of this gene, NRAMP1, in tuberculosis is unknown. We typed polymorphisms in NRAMP1 in a case–control study of tuberculosis in the Gambia, West Africa.
H1N1 pandemic flu found to cause viral pneumonia in severe cases, says WHO
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The World Health Organization expressed heightened concern following the presentation of new evidence on clinical aspects of the H1N1 pandemic by experts from heavily affected countries, which document that “primary viral pneumonia is the most common finding in severe cases and a frequent cause of death.”

Experts confirmed that most people infected by the H1N1 pandemic virus do not experience complications and recover within a week. But they also expressed concerns about small subsets of patients who rapidly develop severe progressive pneumonia.

Pregnant women, children younger than 2 years old, and …
"Mental Health Without Walls": Community Mental Health in the Ghetto
Authors: JACOB R. FISHMAN, JOHN McCORMACK
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1970)

Group activity and action-oriented therapeutic programs without the "psychiatric" label, particularly those that link meaningful work, compensation, education, and social competency, appear to offer great potential for use in mental health programs in the ghetto. Intervention must be of immediate and recognizable relevance to the pressing life problems of youth and adults and must provide significant incentive to change through achievement and reinforcement of meaningful goals. Development of the program and community and institutional supports required to sustain this change, however, will involve many problems of social, administrative, and institutional resistance. The professional must be a tactful and skillful, but unrelenting, change agent.
Is colonoscopic surveillance reducing colorectal cancer mortality in ulcerative colitis? A population based case control study
Authors: P Karlén, D Kornfeld, O Broström, R Löfberg, P-G Persson, A Ekbom
Journal: Gut (1998)

Colonoscopic surveillance is a standard procedure in many patients with long standing, extensive ulcerative colitis (UC), in order to avoid death from colorectal cancer. No conclusive proof of its benefits has been presented however.To evaluate the association between colonoscopic surveillance and colorectal cancer mortality in patients with UC.A population based, nested case control study comprising 142 patients with a definite UC diagnosis, derived from a study population of 4664 patients with UC, was conducted.Colonoscopic surveillance in all patients with UC who had died from colorectal cancer after 1975 was compared with that in controls matched for age, sex, extent, and duration of the disease. Information on colonoscopic surveillance was obtained from the medical records.Two of 40 patients with UC and 18 of 102 controls had undergone at least one surveillance colonoscopy (relative risk (RR) 0.29, 95% confidence interval 0.06 to 1.31). Twelve controls but only one patient with UC had undergone two or more surveillance colonoscopies (RR 0.22, 95% confidence interval 0.03 to 1.74), indicating a protective dose response relation.Colonoscopic surveillance may be associated with a decreased risk of death from colorectal cancer in patients with long standing UC.
Treatment of Hepatic Coma with L-Glutamic Acid
Authors: William V. McDermott, Joan Wareham, Athol G. Riddell
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1955)

THE term "hepatic coma" is used in this report to A refer to patients with diseases of the liver or portal circulation who manifest varying degrees of encephalopathy. The term itself is confusing because by no means all the patients who have diseases of the liver and portal circulation and who also evidence varying degrees of Central-nervous-system disturbance will actually progress to a comatose state. Nevertheless, the term "hepatic coma" has been in such general use for so long that it is justifiable to continue this custom.From the point of view of the etiologic factors involved "hepatic coma" has . . .
Ceramide upregulation causes pulmonary cell apoptosis and emphysema-like disease in mice
Authors: Irina Petrache, Viswanathan Natarajan, Lijie Zhen, Terry R Medler, Amy T Richter, Chung Cho, Walter C Hubbard, Evgeny V Berdyshev, Rubin M Tuder
Journal: Nature Medicine (2005)
Dipyridamole vasodilator response after human orthotopic heart transplantation: Quantification by oxygen-15-labeled water and positron emission tomography
Authors: Eldad Rechavia, Luis I. Araujo, Ranil de Silva, Sudhir S. Kushwaha, Adriaan A. Lammertsma, Terry Jones, Andrew Mitchell, A'ttilio Maseri, Magdi H. Yacoub
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1992)
Preservation of human platelets with prostaglandin E1 during in vitro simulation of cardiopulmonary bypass.
Authors: V P Addonizio, E J Macarak, S Niewiarowski, R W Colman, L H Edmunds
Journal: Circulation Research (1979)

Platelet abnormalities that occur during cardiopulmonary bypass may be produced in vitro by recirculating 500 ml of human blood at 37°C in a silicone rubber circuit (0.9 m 1 ) containing a spiral coil membrane oxygenator.Platelet counts fall to 20% of initial levels, plasma levels of low affinity platelet factor 4 (LA-PF4) rise from 0 to 66% of that in control platelet rich plasma, and sensitivity to aggregating agents diminishes.Inhibition of platelet function with prostaglandin Ei (PGEi) prevents these alterations.In 14 trials (PGEi _ o.l to 10 pM), the thrombocyte count achieved a stable value of 88% within 1 hour.Plasma LA-PF4 (PGEi £ 0.3 /M) rose to only 10% after 6 hours.Electron microscopy revealed intact platelet granules in recirculated platelets.Platelets incubated and recirculated with PGEi remained equally sensitive to epinephrine and ADP for 3 hours.At 6 hours, recirculated platelets in plasma (PGEi £ 0.1 p.u) and gel-filtered platelets (PGEi < 0.3 M M ) became significantly less sensitive to epinephrine.At PGEi £ 0.3 pM, however, gel-filtered recirculated platelets responded normally to epinephrine even after 6 hours of recirculation.PGEi preserves platelet numbers, prevents contact-initiated release, and preserves platelet sensitivity to aggregating agents during in vitro extracorporeal bypass.
Early Gastric Carcinoma in Patients with a Billroth II Partial Gastrectomy
Authors: M. Osnes, T. Løtveit, J. Myren, A. Serck-Hanssen
Journal: Endoscopy (1977)

In a consecutive series of 830 routine gastroscopies a total of 43 patients was found with gastric carcinomas, Thirteen of these were patients with a previous Billroth-II operation for ulcer disease. Early cancers were found in ten patients (23%), and four of these ten (3 men, 1 woman, aged 49 to 76 years), had been operated on 20-33 years previosuly with a Billroth II partial gastrectomy. All patients had symptoms indicating gastro-intestinal disease. We conclude that a high number of gastric stump carcinomas may be detected at an early stage, and that endoscopy of the whole gastric stump, with multiple biopsies and brush cytology from the entire gastro-jejunal anastomosis, is of crucial importance in detecting such carcinomas.
Splint for Talipes Equinovarus
Authors: D. Browne
Journal: BMJ (1956)

OBJECTIVE--To examine the value of programmed electrical stimulation of the heart in predicting sudden death in patients receiving amiodarone to treat ventricular tachyarrhythmias after myocardial infarction. DESIGN--Consecutive patients; retrospective study. SETTING--Referral centre for cardiology, academic hospital. PATIENTS--106 patients with ventricular tachycardia (n = 77) or ventricular fibrillation (n = 29) late after myocardial infarction. INTERVENTIONS--Programmed electrical stimulation was performed while on amiodarone treatment for at least one month. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--In 80/106 patients either ventricular fibrillation (n = 15) or sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (n = 65) was induced. After a mean follow up of 50 (SD 40) months (1-144), 11 patients died suddenly and two used their implantable cardioverter debfibrillator. By multivariate analysis two predictors for sudden death were found: (1) inducibility of ventricular fibrillation under amiodarone treatment (P &lt;&lt; 0.001), and (2) a left ventricular ejection fraction of &lt; 40% (P &lt; 0.05). The survival rate at one, two, three, and five years was 70%, 62%, 62%, and 40% respectively for patients in whom ventricular fibrillation was induced, and 98%, 96%, 94%, 94% for patients with induced sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. Where there was no sustained arrhythmia, five year survival was 100%. CONCLUSIONS--In patients receiving amiodarone because of life threatening ventricular arrhythmias after myocardial infarction, inducibility of ventricular fibrillation, but not of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia, indicates a high risk of sudden death.
Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.
Authors: A D Timmis
Journal: BMJ (1990)

Acute myocardial infarction is usually caused by thrombotic occlusion of a coronary artery.The left ventri -ular subendocardium infarcts within 30 minutes, but extension to affect the full thickness of the ventricular wall may take several hours.'The size of the infarct depends largely on the distribution of the occluded artery, although collateral vessels or spontaneous recanalisation may limit it to the subendocardial layer.'"Thrombolytic treatment also limits the size of the infarct if coronary recanalisation occurs before the transmural spread of infarction is complete.4This reduces mortality in patients treated within 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, although the benefit is greater the earlier treat- ment is given.67Early diagnosis is therefore important.Electrocardiography provides the most convenient and reliable method of early diagnosis in patients with chest pain.Experience with angioplasty has shown that electrocardiographic changes occur within seconds after coronary
Mucositis in the treatment of haematological malignancies
Authors: P. Niscola, L. Scaramucci, C. Romani, L. Cupelli, A. Tendas, T. Dentamaro, M. Ales, M. Giovannini, D. Piccioni, B. Tolu, M. Giovannini, A. Perrotti, D. Keefe, P. de Fabritiis
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2008)