tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PD3-2-8: Phase II Trial of Cetuximab (C225) in Combination with Monthly Carboplatin (Cb) and Weekly Paclitaxel (Pac) in Patients with Advanced NSCLC: Promising Early Results
Authors: Corey J. Langer, Karen Ruth, Hossein Borghaei, Joseph A. Treat, Danielle Shafer, Michael Millenson, Holly Tuttle, Marc Rovito, David Mintzer
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2007)
Isolation and characterization of relevant allergens from boiled lentils
Authors: Rosa Sánchez-Monge, Cristina Y. Pascual, Araceli Díaz-Perales, Jesús Fernández-Crespo, Manuel Martín-Esteban, Gabriel Salcedo
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2000)

Lentils seem to be the most common legume implicated in pediatric allergic patients in the Mediterranean area. However, no lentil allergen has been isolated and characterized.We sought to purify and characterize relevant IgE-binding proteins from boiled lentil extracts.IgE-binding proteins from crude and boiled lentil extracts were detected with a pool of sera from patients with lentil allergy. Allergens were isolated by gel-filtration chromatography followed by cation- and anion-exchange chromatography or by reverse-phase HPLC. Their characterization included N-terminal amino acid sequencing, complex asparagine-linked glycan detection, specific IgE immunodetection with 22 individual sera from allergic patients, and immunoblot and CAP inhibition assays.Heat treatment of lentils produced substantial changes in the SDS-PAGE patterns of whole extracts, mainly a strong increase of 12- to 16-kd bands and a decrease of 25- to 45-kd components. Major IgE-binding proteins from the boiled lentil extract were located in the 12- to 16-kd and 45- to 70-kd ranges. Two allergens of 16 kd, proteins L1 and L2, and another one of 12 kd, protein L3, were purified. N-terminal sequencing indicated that all 3 were related and allowed their identification as gamma-vicilin subunits. Protein L1 was recognized by 68% of the individual sera tested and inhibited 64% of the IgE binding by commercial lentil CAPs. A second type of allergen of 66 kd, named protein H, was also isolated and identified as a seed-specific biotinylated protein. Protein H reacted with 41% of the individual sera and produced 45% inhibition in CAP inhibition assays.Two different types of allergens have been identified in boiled lentils. Those of 12 to 16 kd, called Len c 1, correspond to gamma-vicilin subunits, and those of 66 kd, designated Len c 2, correspond to seed-specific biotinylated protein. Homology with proteins from other legume species can explain potential cross-reactions among these foods.
Should We Shorten or Lengthen Postpolypectomy Surveillance Intervals?
Authors: Adeyinka O. Laiyemo, Elaine Lanza, Arthur Schatzkin
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2008)

Letters2 September 2008Should We Shorten or Lengthen Postpolypectomy Surveillance Intervals?Adeyinka O. Laiyemo, MD, MPH, Elaine Lanza, PhD, and Arthur Schatzkin, MD, DrPHAdeyinka O. Laiyemo, MD, MPHFrom National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.Search for more papers by this author, Elaine Lanza, PhDFrom National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.Search for more papers by this author, and Arthur Schatzkin, MD, DrPHFrom National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-149-5-200809020-00019 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Drs. Rex and Winawer that a single study is unlikely to be definitive, especially when, as they suggest, variability in clinician judgment influences the identified predictors of higher risk for advanced adenoma.We did not, however, recommend shortening the interval of surveillance colonoscopy for the low-risk category. In our study, the advanced adenoma recurrence rate at 4 years was 9% among the high-risk category and 5% among the low-risk category. The c-statistics from multivariate models incorporating demographic and lifestyle factors with adenoma characteristics indicated little discrimination between the 2 risk groups. Although these finding may ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: From National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892.Disclosures: None disclosed. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoPostpolypectomy Colonoscopy Surveillance Guidelines: Predictive Accuracy for Advanced Adenoma at 4 Years Adeyinka O. Laiyemo , Gwen Murphy , Paul S. Albert , Leah B. Sansbury , Zhuoqiao Wang , Amanda J. Cross , Pamela M. Marcus , Bette Caan , James R. Marshall , Peter Lance , Electra D. Paskett , Joel Weissfeld , Martha L. Slattery , Randall Burt , Frank Iber , Moshe Shike , J. Walter Kikendall , Elaine Lanza , and Arthur Schatzkin Should We Shorten or Lengthen Postpolypectomy Surveillance Intervals? Douglas K. Rex and Sidney J. Winawer Metrics 2 September 2008Volume 149, Issue 5Page: 360-361KeywordsAdenomasColonoscopyConflicts of interestMultivariate analysisObservational studies ePublished: 2 September 2008 Issue Published: 2 September 2008 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2008 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Microdeletion encompassing MAPT at chromosome 17q21.3 is associated with developmental delay and learning disability
Authors: Charles Shaw-Smith, Alan M Pittman, Lionel Willatt, Howard Martin, Lisa Rickman, Susan Gribble, Rebecca Curley, Sally Cumming, Carolyn Dunn, Dimitrios Kalaitzopoulos, Keith Porter, Elena Prigmore, Ana C V Krepischi-Santos, Monica C Varela, Celia P Koiffmann, Andrew J Lees, Carla Rosenberg, Helen V Firth, Rohan de Silva, Nigel P Carter
Journal: Nature Genetics (2006)
Telling children about a parent's cancer
Authors: D. Keeley
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> Infections associated with antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria now represent a significant threat to human health using conventional therapy. Since AMR bacterial infections are poised to overtake cancer as the main cause of death by 2050, scientists are exploring the efficacy of novel antimicrobial strategies, such as use of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) to combat infections. Whilst Ag NPs may hold therapeutic promise, their mode of action on the bacteria remains to be elucidated. In this study, lysozyme coated Ag NPs were synthesized and characterized by TEM-EDS, XRD, UV-vis, FTIR spectroscopy, zeta potential and oxidative potential assay. Ag NPs with an average diameter of 5.2 ± 1.2 nm were found to be bactericidal against multi-drug resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> MGH78578. Deep level transcriptional analysis using RNA sequencing revealed that Ag NPs induced a triclosan-like bactericidal mechanism. RNAseq data showed that Ag NPs were responsible for the inhibition of the type II fatty acid biosynthesis. Additionally, released Ag<sup>+</sup> generated oxidative stress both extra- and intracellularly in <i>K. pneumoniae.</i> We show that triclosan-like activity and oxidative stress cumulatively underpinned the antibacterial activity of Ag NPs. This result was confirmed by the analysis of the bactericidal effect of Ag NPs against the isogenic <i>K. pneumoniae</i> MGH78578 <i>ΔsoxS</i> mutant, which exhibits a compromised oxidative stress response compared to the wild type. Here we provide evidence to extend our understanding of the anti-<i>Klebsiella</i> activity associated with silver nanoparticles. This allowed us to model how bacteria might develop resistance against silver nanoparticles, should the latter be used in therapy. <h3>Significance Statement</h3> Many pathogens including <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> have evolved to become resistance to antimicrobial agents, necessitating the development of alternate and more effective antibacterial compounds. Silver nanoparticles have been proposed as potential antimicrobial agents. However, a complete understanding of the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles is required before these molecules can be used in therapy. Here, we used biochemical assays and RNA sequencing to decipher how silver nanoparticles exert their antibacterial action against multi-drug resistant <i>K. pneumoniae</i> MGH78578. We observed that silver nanoparticles behave similarly with another antimicrobial agent, triclosan. This unique observation provides some clues about how bacteria respond to exposure with silver nanoparticles.
Pramod Karan Sethi
Authors: Anand Arya
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Developed the Jaipur foot for amputees in the developing world

Pramod Karan Sethi, popularly known as Dr P K Sethi, made a unique contribution in orthopaedic rehabilitation by developing the Jaipur foot, a wood and rubber ankle-foot prosthesis which has changed the lives of millions of amputees in developing and underdeveloped countries.

He was born on 28 November 1927 in the holy city of Banaras (Varanasi) in India. His father, who was a professor of physics at Banaras Hindu University, exercised the greatest influence over him. In the words of Sethi, “my father imbued me with a strong sense of rectitude, doing things ‘morally right,’ and a desire for intellectual achievement.” He graduated from Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, in 1949, with honours in surgery and six other subjects. In 1952 he received his mastership of surgery from the same institution. This degree was not recognised by the British medical council, and to pursue a career at a medical college in India, Sethi had to become a fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons. He applied to the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh and was allowed to enter on the basis of his outstanding record without having to repeat his undergraduate examination, as was then customary. He received his FRCS in 1954. On returning to …
SP0038 Review of the Key Evidence Supporting the New Treatment Guidelines in Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Authors: C. Dejaco
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3></h3> Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a common inflammatory rheumatic disease of the elderly conventionally treated with long-term oral corticosteroids. Initial glucocorticoid (GC) dose, GC tapering regimen and the use of GC sparing agents, however, are subject to wide variation in clinical practice. New ACR/EULAR guidelines for treatment of PMR are being developed to support the management of the disease by primary care physicians and specialists.MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library using pre-specified questions in the "PICO" formant regarding initial GC doses, length, tapering and administration of GC treatment as well as the use of NSAIDs, intramuscular methylprednisolone (i.m. MP), synthetic and biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and non-pharmacological interventions. In addition, we searched articles on the prognostic value of age, sex, baseline inflammatory markers, disease activity/severity, presence of peripheral arthritis, symptom duration, concomitant conditions relevant to PMR and/or disease management with GC therapy, response to GC, shared patients9 management by primary and secondary care providers and optimal control management on patients9 outcomes. Out of 10078 records, we identified 25 articles on interventions and 37 papers on prognostic factors meeting our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Overall, there was low quality of evidence (QoE) on the use of NSAIDs, initial GC doses and tapering regimens as well as non-pharmacological interventions. Moderate QoE was available for intramuscular GCs and low to high QoE was found on the use of methotrexate in PMR. Studies on biological agents were of low to moderate quality. The quality of studies on prognostic factors was variable as determined by the Quality In Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool. Most papers were retrieved on the relevance of female sex, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and peripheral arthritis with divergent conclusions. Fewer or even no studies were found on the prognostic value of the other factors mentioned above. We used GRADE methodology as a framework for the guidelines development process. A systematic literature review was conducted corroborating current evidence on therapeutic interventions as well as baseline prognostic factors. We searched several medical databases including In summary, there are only few high quality studies on interventions and prognostic factors in PMR. Most data are available on the use of methotrexate whereas initial GC doses, tapering regimens and other interventions were less frequently studied. Concerning prognostic factors, most reports focused the value of female sex, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and the presence of peripheral arthritis. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.6183
EVIDENCE FOR SPECIES' DIFFERENCES IN THE EFFECT OF SERUM γ-GLOBULIN CONCENTRATION ON γ-GLOBULIN CATABOLISM
Authors: Stewart Sell
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1964)

The fractional rates of catabolism of isotopically labeled mouse, human, bovine, and guinea pig gamma-globulins and human serum albumin were determined in mice and in guinea pigs whose serum gamma-globulin and serum albumin levels were elevated by immunization or by injections of exogenous serum proteins. These serum proteins were also followed in mice with different serum gamma-globulin levels due to different bacterial environments. The fractional rates of catabolism of the labeled gamma-globulins from all species tested were markedly increased in mice with elevated gamma-globulins due to immunization; to injections of human, mouse, guinea pig, or rabbit gamma-globulins; to exposure to supra normal numbers of bacteria in the environment. Injections of bovine gamma-globulin were only partially effective, and injections of human serum albumin had no effect. The gamma-globulin catabolic rates were decreased in mice with subnormal serum gamma-globulin levels (germfree mice). The catabolic rate of human serum albumin was essentially the same in all mice in spite of differences in serum gamma-globulin levels. In contrast, elevation of the serum gamma-globulin levels by injections of exogenous gamma-globulins or by hyperimmunization with keyhole limpet hemocyanin produced no change in the fractional catabolic rates of the isotopically labeled gamma-globulins and labeled albumin in guinea pigs. Thus, a feedback mechanism for the control of the serum gamma-globulin concentration appears to be operative in the mouse, but not in the guinea pig. Guinea pigs immunized with antigens in complete Freund's adjuvant or a saline suspension of killed E. coli had an increase in the catabolic rates of all labeled proteins tested including human serum albumin. Evidence is presented that the mechanism of this increase in catabolism is not the same as that seen in mice with elevated serum gamma-globulin levels.
Keloidal basal cell carcinoma. A new clinicopathological variant of basal cell carcinoma
Authors: L. REQUENA, L. MARTÍN, M.C. FARIÑA, E. PIQUÉ, P. ESCALONILLA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

Basal cell carcinoma is the commonest malignant neoplasm of the skin. Clinical and histopathological variants are well known. We describe two patients with nodular lesions on the face, clinically suggestive of keloids, but with no previous history of injury at that site. Histopathological study, in both cases, demonstrated characteristic basaloid neoplastic aggregations of basal cell carcinoma, intermingled with thick, sclerotic, keloidal collagen bundles in the stroma. This peculiar stroma is responsible for the clinical and histopathological characteristics. We propose the name of keloidal basal cell carcinoma for this striking and distinctive variant of basal cell carcinoma.
Creation of a therapeutic digestive endoscopy suite in Senegal: renovation, training and university certification. Results of a Belgian–Senegalese inter-university project
Authors: O. Le Moine, M. Diouf, M. Mbengue, P. Mbaye, P. Diop, F. Balme, J. Brihay, A. Le Moine-Pauwels, M. Le Moine, T. Moreira-Diop
Journal: Endoscopy (2012)

Therapeutic digestive endoscopy did not exist in sub-Saharan Africa before 2005. However, the prevalence of digestive diseases that could potentially benefit from basic endoscopic treatment is very high in this region. Portal hypertension with variceal bleeding and severe dysphagia associated with benign or malignant upper gastrointestinal tract diseases are prominent in these countries. The aim of the Project described in this report was to create a digestive endoscopy facility in Dakar (Senegal, West Africa), that would also provide local training in therapeutic endoscopy to doctors and nurses and facilitate regional autonomy with the opening of a University Certification in Gastroenterology. It took about 10 years to achieve these targets – 5 years to prepare realistic aims that took into account local needs, available local resources, and funding, and 4 years for the Project itself (2005 – 2009). At the present time, Senegalese colleagues and nurses are autonomous for basic therapeutic procedures in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract. Two years after the end of funding, the rate of therapeutic activity has increased from 0 % in 2005 to 12 % of digestive endoscopic activity in 2011. Key points of success were preparation, confidence of medical personnel, university involvement, shared funding, local multidisciplinary training, and facilitation of autonomy. Belgian healthcare workers were present on-site in Dakar for a total of about 6 months over the 4-year Project period, with an annual budget of less than €80000. The Project has enabled an efficient North – South collaboration with a minimal budget, which has changed the healthcare provision of digestive endoscopy in Senegal, and has also provided autonomy, and facilitated the development of South – South cooperation.
Mimicking the Biological Ligand–Receptor Principle for Universal Target Gene Delivery Mediated by Avidin–Biotin Interaction
Authors: Wei Qu, Shan Ren, Ying Kuang, Xue‐Jun Jiang, Ren‐Xi Zhuo, Xian‐Zheng Zhang
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2012)

A facile and flexible targeting gene-delivery strategy is reported by mimicking the biological ligand–receptor principle based on avidin–biotin interaction. In vitro and in vivo investigations demonstrate that this strategy provides a simple, but universal alternative for potential target gene delivery as well as drug delivery. As a service to our authors and readers, this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors. Such materials are peer reviewed and may be re-organized for online delivery, but are not copy-edited or typeset. Technical support issues arising from supporting information (other than missing files) should be addressed to the authors. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
Hypertension: Mechanisms and Therapy
Authors: Samuel Zoneraich
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<i>Hypertension</i>is a comprehensive and superbly illustrated text focusing on the fundamentals of hypertension. The authors, well-known authorities in the field, have skillfully used their experience in 13 well-documented chapters, including four on drug treatment. Each chapter contains a succinct introduction to the basic information related to a particular topic, followed by images, graphics, microscopic and macroscopic sections, and decision trees. The value of the book is further enhanced by up-to-date information on the pathophysiology of essential hypertension. Assessment of antihypertensive therapy is now made possible by quality of life instruments, which detect all classes of antihypertensive agents and individual drugs of the same class (chapter 11). Objective information on the therapeutic effect of a particular drug may improve our knowledge of not only its clinical value, but also the resulting improvement in the quality of life of the hypertensive patient. Elliot and Black contribute an excellent chapter on special
Nasal provocation test in the diagnosis of natural rubber latex allergy
Authors: C. Palczynski, J. Walusiak, U. Ruta, P. Gorski
Journal: Allergy (2000)

Background: Natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy in workers using rubber gloves has been an occupational health problem for the last 10 years. In the case of the occupational agents, clinical history may be far from conclusive; hence, appropriate provocation should be carried out. The objective was to evaluate the usefulness of the nasal challenge test in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis in subjects occupationally exposed to NRL. Methods: A single‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted in 16 nurses with respiratory symptoms (bronchial asthma and/or rhinitis) related to NRL exposure as well as positive skin prick test (SPT) response to NRL. The controls were nine nurses with asthma and/or perennial rhinitis unrelated to NRL exposure; six atopic patients not occupationally exposed to NRL, with asthma and/or perennial rhinitis; and six healthy subjects. All the controls had negative results of SPT with NRL. Patients with a history of anaphylaxis or positive results of RAST to NRL were not considered in the study. The “nasal pool” technique was used to evaluate the cellular response and changes in protein level and ECP concentration in nasal washings after topical provocation with allergen or placebo. Results: A significant increase was noted in eosinophil and basophil number, albumin/total protein ratio, and ECP level only in NRL SPT‐positive patients subjected to nasal challenge with NRL. Neither bronchial nor systemic reactions were found after the nasal provocation with NRL. Conclusions: The nasal challenge test appears to be useful for diagnosing occupational rhinitis in NRL‐sensitized patients.