tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Morphological appearances of a bacterial L-form growing in association with the erythrocytes of arthritic subjects.
Authors: P Pease
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1970)

In a previous paper (Pease, 1969), it was shown that the L-form of a Gram-positive bacterium, provision- ally identified as a species of Listeria, can be isolated by simple methods from the blood and synovial fluid of arthritic subjects, in which they are more numerous than in normal persons (Pease, 1967).Further work has shown that these L-forms grow, not only as simple, budding spheroplasts (previously figured, Pease, 1969), but also in association with the erythrocytes, where they reveal a range of morphologies similar to the classical pleuropneumonia organisms, described by Turner (1935), Freundt (1952), and Klieneberger-Nobel and Cuckow (1935).This paper is intended to provide a description of this phenomenon, which may be of significance, in view of the relationship between arthritis and haemolytic anaemias (Dacie, 1967), and the increased blood sedimentation rates also found in the disease. MethodsObservations were made on whole blood or serum separat- ed naturally from the clot, taken with aseptic precautions from 76 cases of rheumatoid arthritis in the St John's and Highfield Hospitals, Droitwich, and the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham.The cases were diagnosed by clinical findings, x rays, and serological tests, and specimens were provided by courtesy of Drs. C. F. Hawkins, A. J. Popert, and J. D. Goode.For comparison, a strain of Mycoplasma arthritidis (Campo) was examined; this was provided by courtesy of Dr. D. G. ff.Edward.Primary cultures were made by one of two methods:(1) 15 ml. of Brewer's medium (Oxoid) was placed in screw-stoppered McCartney bottles, and autoclaved for 15 min.at 15 lb.; 2 ml. of the patient's serum was then added to each with sterile precautions.Incubation was at 370 C. observations previously reported in this journal (Pease, 1969), and they gave the same results.Visible turbidity, consisting of budding spheroplasts, ap- peared in all cultures within 2 to 6 weeks, usually in on July 21, 2023 by guest.
Carcinoma of the Breast Stage IV—Disseminated
Authors: Philip Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1967)

Ultimately, the majority of patients with breast cancer will develop disseminated disease. Unlike most cancers which are autonomous in their growth pattern, some breast cancers are hormonedependent. Maneuvers which are designed to alter the hormonal milieu in a sequential fashion in time are part of our armamentarium to combat the advanced stages. The vexing problem is the selection of the optimum method or hormone for the specific patient against a background of the normal aging process which is altering her hormonal status. The choice of the various modalities and the time of administration are also philosophical since treatment can be both preventive and therapeutic.  The measure of success in hormonal therapy depends on objective criteria rather than on subjective benefits. Objective regression for hormonal or chemotherapeutic treatment is always defined as partial rather than complete regression. By standards employed in surgery and radiotherapy, such responses will be considered failures. The
Hyperplasia of the Adrenal Medulla
Authors: Francis P. Montalbano
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The theoretical possibility of adrenal medullary hyperplasia exists, but no cases have been described up to now. Recently a case was encountered in which the signs and symptoms suggested a pheochromocytoma. The usual diagnostic tests were positive. At surgical exploration unilateral adrenal medullary hyperplasia was found. Removal of the hyperplastic gland resulted in amelioration of signs and symptoms. Previously positive phentolamine, histamine, and catechol amine responses could not be duplicated after operation. Hyperfunctioning adrenal medullary hyperplasia does exist, therefore, and the authors believe that in those instances in which exploration for pheochromocytoma reveals no tumor, bilateral medullary biopsy should be performed.
ARPKD and ADPKD
Authors: Jun-ya Kaimori, Gregory G. Germino
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2008)

Superficially, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD) seem to be more different than alike. ADPKD is common, its cysts arise from any nephron segment, and it is slowly progressive.[1][1] Hepatic cysts are its primary extrarenal
James Taylour Doyle Allen
Authors: Dorothy Magennis, David Meldrum
Journal: BMJ (2004)

Former general practitioner Crosby, Liverpool (b Liverpool 1922; q Liverpool 1944), died from metastatic renal cancer on 18 December 2003.​2003.




Figure 1




After qualifying Jim was immediately drafted into the army, serving in South East Asia. He worked in Liverpool Royal Infirmary before setting up practice in the Crosby and Waterloo area of Liverpool, where he remained a principal until retirement in 1988. He was also a part time hospital practitioner in allergy at the Royal Infirmary and Alder Hey Children's Hospital. Jim had a lifelong passion for sailing. He leaves a wife, Ruth; two children; and four grandchildren.
Role of central catecholamines on the potentiation of the baroreflex produced with vasopressin. A study using 6-hydroxydopamine.
Authors: K P Undesser, A J Trapani, W W Morgan, V S Bishop
Journal: Circulation Research (1986)

This study compares the effect of arginine-vasopressin and phenylephrine on renal sympathetic nerve activity, arterial pressure, and heart rate in vehicle- and intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine-treated conscious rabbits. In addition, this study examines the involvement of forebrain structures on these variables. In vehicle-treated rabbits, compared to phenylephrine, vasopressin produces a greater decrease in renal sympathetic nerve activity and heart rate for a given increase in pressure. After administration of intraventricular 6-hydroxydopamine, the responses produced with vasopressin are similar to those produced with phenylephrine. Analysis of catecholamine content in the nucleus of the solitary tract, parabrachial nucleus, area postrema, and spinal cord indicates that the only regions of significant catecholamine depletion are in the nucleus of the solitary tract and the spinal cord. Transection at the mid-collicular level does not alter significantly the responses of vasopressin or phenylephrine on renal sympathetic nerve activity or heart rate. This indicates that forebrain structures are not involved in mediating the enhanced buffering effect produced with vasopressin.
SOME MORE TRICHO CASES
Authors: C. Guy Lane
Journal: JAMA (1930)

To the Editor:  —I have just had reported to me by Dr. J. H. Swartz of 471 Commonwealth Avenue, this city, two further cases of damage by the Tricho System. I also have to report to you three other cases of my own:  B. F., female, age not given; history of twenty-five treatments by the Tricho system on face and a similar number of treatments on forearms, four years ago. At the present time she shows atrophy and telangiectasis of both face and forearms.  Miss B., age not given; history of Tricho treatments to her face, area shows atrophy, telangiectasis and ulceration at the present time.  Mrs. A. E. C., aged 32, with a history of treatment five years ago by the Tricho System here in Boston. She had fifteen treatments on her chin for hypertrichosis. She was treated every two weeks, and three areas on the under side of
Long-Term Follow-Up of Participants With Heart Failure in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT)
Authors: Linda B. Piller, Sarah Baraniuk, Lara M. Simpson, William C. Cushman, Barry M. Massie, Paula T. Einhorn, Suzanne Oparil, Charles E. Ford, James F. Graumlich, Richard A. Dart, David C. Parish, Tamrat M. Retta, Aloysius B. Cuyjet, Syed Z. Jafri, Curt D. Furberg, Mohammad G. Saklayen, Udho Thadani, Jeffrey L. Probstfield, Barry R. Davis
Journal: Circulation (2011)

In the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT), a randomized, double-blind, practice-based, active-control, comparative effectiveness trial in high-risk hypertensive participants, risk of new-onset heart failure (HF) was higher in the amlodipine (2.5-10 mg/d) and lisinopril (10-40 mg/d) arms compared with the chlorthalidone (12.5-25 mg/d) arm. Similar to other studies, mortality rates following new-onset HF were very high (≥50% at 5 years), and were similar across randomized treatment arms. After the randomized phase of the trial ended in 2002, outcomes were determined from administrative databases.With the use of national databases, posttrial follow-up mortality through 2006 was obtained on participants who developed new-onset HF during the randomized (in-trial) phase of ALLHAT. Mean follow-up for the entire period was 8.9 years. Of 1761 participants with incident HF in-trial, 1348 died. Post-HF all-cause mortality was similar across treatment groups, with adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of 0.95 (0.81-1.12) and 1.05 (0.89-1.25), respectively, for amlodipine and lisinopril compared with chlorthalidone, and 10-year adjusted rates of 86%, 87%, and 83%, respectively. All-cause mortality rates were also similar among those with reduced ejection fractions (84%) and preserved ejection fractions (81%), with no significant differences by randomized treatment arm.Once HF develops, risk of death is high and consistent across randomized treatment groups. Measures to prevent the development of HF, especially blood pressure control, must be a priority if mortality associated with the development of HF is to be addressed. Clinical Trial Registration- http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00000542.
The Evolution of the National Board of Medical Examiners
Authors: Nathan A. Womack
Journal: JAMA (1965)

In the Sept 28, 1901, issue ofThe Journal, there is a letter to the editor from St. Louis which reads as follows:  Please let me know where a graduate in medicine could practice without passing the State Board examination.  Ans.—  The laws of the following states admit graduates to practice medicine without examination, under varying conditions: Arkansas, Colorado, Kentucky, Michigan, Nevada, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Dakota, and Wyoming. In some of the states only diplomas from certain schools are recognized: thus in Michigan the diplomas of some forty or fifty schools only are accepted and in Rhode Island similar scrutiny is exercised. In nearly all, more or less discrimination is made in regard to certain schools, but in these states more particularly than others. 1   This question and its answer give briefly and poignantly the problems of medical licensure in this country at the beginning of this century.
Self-Expanding Metal Stents for Endoscopic Treatment of Esophageal Achalasia Unresponsive to Conventional Treatments. Long-Term Results in Eight Patients
Authors: G. D. de Palma, P. lovino, S. Masone, M. Persico, G. Persico
Journal: Endoscopy (2001)

Background and Study Aims: The successful use of self-expanding metal stents has been demonstrated in the management of malignant esophagocardial strictures. This report assesses the role stents may play in the treatment of esophageal achalasia in selected patients.
Major Depressive Disorder in the 6 Months After Miscarriage
Authors: Richard Neugebauer
Journal: JAMA (1997)

To test a priori hypotheses that miscarrying women are at increased risk for a first or recurrent episode of major depressive disorder in the 6 months following loss and that this increased risk is greater for childless women, women with prior reproductive loss, and women aged 35 years or older; and to evaluate whether risk varies by time of gestation or by attitude toward the pregnancy.Cohort study.The miscarriage cohort consisted of women attending a medical center for a spontaneous abortion (n=229); the comparison group was a population-based cohort of women drawn from the community (n=230).Miscarriage was defined as the involuntary termination of a nonviable intrauterine pregnancy before 28 completed weeks of gestation. Half of all participants were between 25 and 34 years of age; 40% were white and 35% Hispanic; 55% had more than a high school education. Participants constituted 60% of miscarrying women and 72% of community women who completed the first phase of this cohort study.Major depressive disorder was measured using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule.Risk for an episode of major depressive disorder among miscarrying women in the 6 months following loss was compared with the 6-month risk among community women who had not been pregnant in the preceding year. Among miscarrying women, 10.9% experienced an episode of major depressive disorder, compared with 4.3% of community women. The overall relative risk (RR) for an episode of major depressive disorder for miscarrying women was 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-5.1) and was substantially higher for childless women (RR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.7-14.4) than for women with children (RR, 1.3; 95% CI, 0.5-3.5) (P<.06). Among miscarrying women, 72% of cases of major depressive disorder began within the first month after loss; only 20% of community cases started during the comparable period. Among miscarrying women with a history of major depressive disorder, 54% experienced a recurrence. However, RR did not vary significantly by history of prior reproductive loss or by maternal age, nor did risk vary by time of gestation or attitude toward the pregnancy.Physicians should monitor miscarrying women in the first weeks after reproductive loss, particularly women who are childless or who have a history of major depressive disorder. Where appropriate, supportive counseling or psychopharmacologic treatment should be considered.
MEDICAL REVERIES
Authors: Ervin Epstein
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Sticking to the manifesto
Authors: Mike Page
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The commentators have raised some interesting issues but none question the viability of a localist approach to connectionist modelling. Once localist models are properly defined they can be seen to exhibit many properties relevant to the modelling of both psychological and brain function. They can be used to implement exemplar models, prototype models and models of sequence memory and they form a foundation upon which symbolic models can be constructed. Localist models are insensitive to interference and have learning rules that are biologically plausible. They have more explanatory value than their distributed counterparts and they relate transparently to a number of classic mathematical models of behaviour.
UK's reputation is being damaged by "overly flexible" libel law, say MPs
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2010)

The UK government should consider introducing laws to curb “libel tourism” and make it harder for corporations to sue for defamation, an influential committee of MPs has suggested.

The House of Commons Culture, Media, and Sport committee urged the current Ministry of Justice’s review of libel law to take account of the “well founded” concerns of scientists about the harmful effects of the law on their ability to comment. The review should look particularly at the defence of fair comment as applied to academic, peer reviewed publications, the MPs said.

The committee’s report comes after libel actions in the UK courts by US biotechnology manufacturers against the British cardiologist Peter …
Women with dense breast tissue need both mammography and ultrasonography to detect tumours
Authors: J. Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Researchers have found that performing ultrasound scans on breasts with dense tissue can pick up small tumours that are not detected by mammography. While ultrasonography cannot replace mammography, especially in women who because of a family history are at high risk of developing breast cancer, it should be used as a second line of screening.

A team of breast specialists and radiologists at Soroka Medical Centre in Beersheba and the Hala-Rachel Nash Jerusalem Comprehensive Breast Clinic in Jerusalem published their findings in the July …
Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis
Authors: R S Johannes, J L Sever
Journal: Annual Review of Medicine (1975)

Abstract Recent electronmicroscopic and immunologic studies in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis suggest that the disease represents either a chronic but active infectious measles encephalitis or an immune response to the protracted presence of measles virus in cerebral tissue. Usually, it is inexorably progressive to death. By contrast, in a well documented case followed for over five years since onset of symptoms, striking improvement has been noted during the past three years with no treatment. Antibody titers to measles virus were markedly elevated in the serum in 1963 and remained elevated in serum and cerebrospinal fluid in late 1967, despite the clinical remission. Attempts to transmit the disease to animals were unsuccessful. The pronounced and prolonged elevation of antimeasles antibodies suggests a possible etiologic relation between the virus and this patient's illness and is of special interest in the light of the occurrence of slow-virus infections in the nervous systems of animals and poss...
HIV-INFECTED TREATMENT-NAÏVE INDIVIDUALS HAVE LOW CIRCULATING PROGENITOR CELLS
Authors: Nima Ghasemzadeh, Lane Zhang, Qunna Li, Susan S. Wirtz, Abdul Wahab Hritani, Saket Kumar, Igho Ofotokun, Jodie L. Guest, W. Robert Taylor, Arshed Quyyumi, Kreton Mavromatis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Adiposity, the Metabolic Syndrome, and Breast Cancer in African-American and White American Women
Authors: David P. Rose, Steven M. Haffner, Jacques Baillargeon
Journal: Endocrine Reviews (2007)

Breast cancer, the second most common cause of cancer-related deaths in American women, varies substantially in incidence and mortality according to race and ethnicity in the United States. Although the overall incidence of breast cancer among African-American (AA) women is lower than in white American women, this cancer is more common in young premenopausal AA women, and AA breast cancer patients of all ages are more likely to have advanced disease at diagnosis, higher risk of recurrence, and poorer overall prognosis. Epidemiological studies indicate that these differences may be attributable in part to variation in obesity and body fat distribution. Additionally, AA women more frequently exhibit breast cancer with an aggressive and metastatic phenotype that may also be attributable to the endocrine and metabolic changes associated with upper body obesity. These changes include both elevated estrogen and androgen bioactivity, hyperinsulinemia, and perturbations of the adipokines. Type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome, which are more common in AA women, have also been associated with breast cancer risk. Moreover, each of the individual components of the syndrome has been associated with increased breast cancer risk, including low levels of the adipocytokine, adiponectin. This review explores the specific roles of obesity, body fat distribution (particularly visceral and sc adipose tissue), type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and adipocytokines in explaining the differential patterns of breast cancer risk and prognosis between AA and white American women.
Inhibition of the IFN-β Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Alternative Spliced Isoform of IFN Regulatory Factor-3
Authors: Sabrina Marozin, Jennifer Altomonte, Florian Stadler, Wolfgang E Thasler, Roland M Schmid, Oliver Ebert
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2008)

The intrinsic oncolytic specificity of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) is currently being exploited to develop alternative therapeutic strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We have observed earlier that, in contrast to cultured human HCC cells, primary human hepatocytes (PHHs) are refractory to VSV infection. Impairment of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway in HCC cells has been suggested to be the mechanism by which these cells become susceptible to VSV infection. The goal of this study was to elucidate the nature of the IFN defect in human HCC. We demonstrate here that the defect in IFN-β signaling in HCC cells results from a deregulated IFN regulatory factor-3 (IRF3) pathway. Expression of IRF3-spliced variant (IRF3-nirs3) was constitutively observed in HCC cells and, importantly, also in primary HCC samples. In contrast, IRF3 was readily activated in PHHs after stimulation with dsRNA or infection with VSV. In addition, overexpression of IRF3-nirs3 significantly abrogated the IFN-β response to VSV infection and improved viral growth. Our data provide evidence that aberrant splicing of IRF3 in HCC contributes to the defect in IFN-mediated antiviral defenses. This work may provide a potential molecular basis for selecting HCC patients for oncolytic VSV therapy in future clinical trials.
Analysis of the CD8+ T cell response to the G1 domain of aggrecan in ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: J Zou
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2004)

CD4+ T cell responses to the G1 domain of aggrecan in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) were recently reported. Whether such an immune response can be seen in the CD8+ subpopulation has not yet been determined.To determine if HLA-B27 restricted G1-specific CD8+ T cells are present in AS and to analyse immunodominant CD8+ T cell epitopes.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 45 patients with AS were stimulated with overlapping 18-mer peptides covering the whole G1 protein. Results were compared with those for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and healthy controls. For epitope analysis, G1-specific interferon gamma positive (IFNgamma+) T cells were isolated by magnetic activated cell sorting. After in vitro expansion, CD8+ T cells were restimulated with 14 subpools of G1 peptides. T cells responding to G1 peptide subpools were quantified by flow cytometry according to IFNgamma secretion. Predicted peptides were subsequently confirmed by stimulation with single peptides.G1-specific CD8+ T cell responses were found in 29/45 (64%) patients with AS, 18/35 (51%) patients with RA, but not in healthy controls. Five CD8+ T cell epitopes were identified as immunodominant in five patients. However, the T cell response was not HLA-B27 restricted. Nonamer peptides with an HLA-B27 binding motif did not induce a T cell response.A G1 peptide-specific CD8+ T cell response is present in AS but also in patients with RA. It does not seem to be HLA-B27 restricted. Whether such a response has a role in the pathogenesis of AS needs clarification.