tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Half-molar sodium lactate infusion to prevent intracranial hypertensive episodes in severe traumatic brain injured patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Carole Ichai, Jean-François Payen, Jean-Christophe Orban, Hervé Quintard, Hubert Roth, Robin Legrand, Gilles Francony, Xavier M Leverve
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2013)
A prospective longitudinal study evaluating the usefulness of the interferon-gamma releasing assay for predicting active tuberculosis in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Yu-Mi Lee, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Jun Hee Woo, Dae-Young Kim, Jung-Hee Lee, Je-Hwan Lee, Kyoo-Hyung Lee, Sung-Han Kim
Journal: Journal of Infection (2014)
New arrangements for specialist training in Britain
Authors: J. Biggs
Journal: BMJ (1995)

<h3>Question</h3> An adolescent who smokes regularly came to my clinic for help quitting. While I am aware that bupropion is a first-line medication for smoking cessation among adults, is it effective and safe for adolescents? <h3>Answer</h3> Most adolescent smokers in Canada would like to quit, but more than 90% of the attempts are unsuccessful. Bupropion appears to be more effective than other pharmacologic options in improving abstinence among adolescents who smoke in the short term; however, it is not approved by Health Canada for those younger than 18 years. Bupropion has not been associated with an increase in adverse events in smoking cessation trials. More research is needed on the long-term effectiveness and safety of bupropion in this population.
Is Longer-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy More Effective than Shorter-Term Therapies? Review and Critique of the Evidence
Authors: Sunil S. Bhar, Brett D. Thombs, Monica Pignotti, Marielle Bassel, Lisa Jewett, James C. Coyne, Aaron T. Beck
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2010)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; In 2008, Leichsenring and Rabung performed a meta-analysis of 8 studies of longer-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (LTPP). The work was published in the Journal of the American Medical Association (vol. 300, pp 1551–1565), and they concluded that LTPP was more effective than shorter-term therapies. &lt;i&gt;Method:&lt;/i&gt; Given that such claims have the potential to influence treatment decisions and policies, we re-examined the meta-analysis and the 8 studies. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; We found a miscalculation of the effect sizes used to make key comparisons. Claims for the effectiveness of LTPP depended on a set of small, underpowered studies that were highly heterogeneous in terms of patients treated, interventions, comparison-control groups, and outcomes. LTPP was compared to 12 types of comparison-controls, including control groups that did not involve any psychotherapy, short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy, and unvalidated treatments. Additionally, the studies failed to protect against threats to bias, and had poor internal validity. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; Overall, we found no evidence to support claims of superiority of LTPP over shorter-term methods of psychotherapy.
Relationship of Bacteriuria in Pregnancy to Pyelonephritis
Authors: Lauri D. Thrupp, Ramzi S. Cotran, Edward H. Kass
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Three patients whose bacteriuria was detected early in pregnancy were autopsied after death from causes unrelated to renal infection. Two had characteristic gross and microscopic renal lesions of pyelonephritis. One remained asymptomatic during three years of continuous bacteriuria; the other developed one episode of mildly symptomatic pyelonephritis shortly after bacteriuria was detected. The third patient had no evidence of pyelonephritis at autopsy despite latent diabetes mellitus and history of urinary tract instrumentation. Thus, relatively asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic bacteriuria may be associated with substantial renal scarring and with lesions of chronic inactive pyelonephritis. Conversely, bacteriuria may persist in a patient who has history of urinary tract instrumentation and latent diabetes mellitus and not produce renal lesions.
The Concept of Voluntary Consent
Authors: Robert M. Nelson, Tom Beauchamp, Victoria A. Miller, William Reynolds, Richard F. Ittenbach, Mary Frances Luce
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2011)

Our primary focus is on analysis of the concept of voluntariness, with a secondary focus on the implications of our analysis for the concept and the requirements of voluntary informed consent. We propose that two necessary and jointly sufficient conditions must be satisfied for an action to be voluntary: intentionality, and substantial freedom from controlling influences. We reject authenticity as a necessary condition of voluntary action, and we note that constraining situations may or may not undermine voluntariness, depending on the circumstances and the psychological capacities of agents. We compare and evaluate several accounts of voluntariness and argue that our view, unlike other treatments in bioethics, is not a value-laden theory. We also discuss the empirical assessment of individuals' perceptions of the degrees of noncontrol and self-control. We propose use of a particular Decision Making Control Instrument. Empirical research using this instrument can provide data that will help establish appropriate policies and procedures for obtaining voluntary consent to research.
The proximal element of the beta globin locus control region is not functionally required in vivo.
Authors: A E Kulozik, S Bail, A Bellan-Koch, C R Bartram, E Kohne, E Kleihauer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

In addition to local sequence elements the regulation of the high-level, development- and tissue-specific expression of the human beta globin gene cluster appears to require distant regulatory sequences which have been termed locus control region. In the chromatin of erythroid cells the locus control region is characterized by four DNaseI hypersensitive sites that are located 6-18 kb 5' of the epsilon globin gene. The definition of the sequences minimally required for locus control region activity is likely to further the understanding of its physiology and will be of interest for the development of somatic gene therapy strategies of the hemoglobinopathies. We present here the analysis of a family with a 3,030-bp deletion of sequences upstream of the epsilon globin gene including the most 3' locus control region element and cosegregating beta(0) thalassemia. The deletion is linked in cis to a structurally and functionally normal beta globin gene. The proximal element of the locus control region does not therefore appear to be necessary for beta globin gene activity in vivo.
AMG 531, a Thrombopoiesis-Stimulating Protein, for Chronic ITP
Authors: James B. Bussel, David J. Kuter, James N. George, Robert McMillan, Louis M. Aledort, George T. Conklin, Alan E. Lichtin, Roger M. Lyons, Jorge Nieva, Jeffrey S. Wasser, Israel Wiznitzer, Reggie Kelly, Chien-Feng Chen, Janet L. Nichol
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

Most current treatments for chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) act by decreasing platelet destruction. In a phase 1–2 study, we administered a thrombopoiesis-stimulating protein, AMG 531, to patients with ITP.
Clinical and Dermoscopic Characteristics of Desmoplastic Melanomas
Authors: Natalia Jaimes, Lucy Chen, Stephen W. Dusza, Cristina Carrera, Susana Puig, Luc Thomas, John W. Kelly, Lucy Dang, Iris Zalaudek, Ralph P. Braun, Scott W. Menzies, Klaus J. Busam, Ashfaq A. Marghoob
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2013)

To describe and analyze the clinical and dermoscopic characteristics of desmoplastic melanoma (DM) as a function of pathologic subtype and phenotypic traits.Retrospective case series.Eight high-risk dermatology clinics.Patients with DM confirmed by histopathologic analysis whose records included a high-quality dermoscopic image.Clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic features of DM.A total of 37 DM cases were identified. The majority of patients had fair skin, few nevi, and no history of melanoma. Lentigo maligna was the most frequent subtype of melanoma associated with DM. The most frequent clinical presentation of DM was a palpable and/or indurated lesion located on sun-exposed skin. Forty-three percent of cases were classified as pure DM, and 57% as mixed DM. Pure DM lesions were thicker than mixed DM lesions (4.10 vs 2.83 mm) (P = .22) and were less likely to have an associated epidermal non-DM component (63% vs 100%) (P = .004). Dermoscopically, DMs had at least 1 melanoma-specific structure, the most frequent being atypical vascular structures. Peppering was more frequently seen in pure DM (44% in pure DM vs 24% in mixed DM) (P = .29). In contrast, crystalline structures, polymorphous vessels, and vascular blush were more commonly seen in mixed DM.Though DM can be difficult to diagnose based on clinical morphologic characteristics alone, dermoscopy has proved to be a useful aid during the evaluation of clinically equivocal lesions or those lesions with a benign appearance. The most common dermoscopic clues observed in DMs included atypical vascular structures, peppering, and occasionally other melanoma-specific structures.
Maximum Velocity as an Index of Contractility in Cardiac Muscle
Authors: GERALD H. POLLACK
Journal: Circulation Research (1970)

The use of maximum velocity of shortening (V max ) as an index of contractility has been based on the assumption that V max of muscle fibers is equivalent to V max of the contractile element. It is shown here that such equivalence applies to the two-element model of skeletal muscle but not to three-element models of cardiac muscle. Analysis of published data in terms of the Voigt and Maxwell three-element models shows that the V max of the contractile element, unlike that of the muscle fibers, is not independent of fiber length but increases at least 50% for a 25% increase of fiber length. Moreover, V max of the contractile element is seen to be even more highly dependent on fiber length when correction is made for the nonuniform contribution of levels of active state to the force-velocity curves giving rise to V max of the contractile element. It appears that in cardiac muscle an inotropic shift of V max of the contractile element cannot be distinguished from a shift due to change in fiber length, thus invalidating it as an index of contractility.
Structural heterogeneity of faecal alpha 1 antitrypsin shown by immunoblot analysis in patients with Crohn's disease.
Authors: F Boege, W Fischbach
Journal: Gut (1991)

Faecal alpha 1 antitrypsin was determined in 34 patients with Crohn9s disease and in 19 healthy subjects by immune nephelometry. A structural analysis of faecal alpha 1 antitrypsin was carried out using immunoblot analysis under non-reducing conditions. Native serum alpha 1 antitrypsin migrated with an apparent molecular weight of 45 kDa. Proteolytic alpha 1 antitrypsin fragments (5-42 kDa) were specifically immunostained in 13/19 and 22/34 stool samples from control subjects and from patients with Crohn9s disease respectively. There was a weak correlation (r = 0.47; p less than 0.02) between the molecular weight of fragmented alpha 1 antitrypsin and the faecal concentration in both groups, indicating that alpha 1 antitrypsin inhibits its own proteolysis by intestinal proteases in a dose dependent way. The incidence of polymeric forms (greater than 45 kDa) was similar in patients (10/34) and control subjects (5/19). In only one case in each group was the native serum form of alpha 1 antitrypsin found in faeces. We conclude that faecal alpha 1 antitrypsin differs structurally from the native serum form. Immunochemical measurements, therefore, reflect rather than represent faecal concentrations of alpha 1 antitrypsin. The controversial results in published reports may be partly explained by these findings. The molecular heterogeneity of faecal alpha 1 antitrypsin is not specifically associated with Crohn9s disease.
What the Public Wants To Know About Taxol
Authors: J. Patt
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1991)

Journal Article What the Public Wants To Know About Taxol Get access Judy Patt Judy Patt Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 83, Issue 13, 3 July 1991, Pages 905–906, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/83.13.905 Published: 03 July 1991
Human cytomegalovirus infection impairs endothelial cell chemotaxis by disturbing VEGF signalling and actin polymerization
Authors: B. Reinhardt, R. Godfrey, G. Fellbrich, H. Frank, A. Luske, S. Olieslagers, T. Mertens, J. Waltenberger
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2014)

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been linked to the pathogenesis of vasculopathies; however, its pathogenic relevance remains to be established. A prerequisite for vascular repair is endothelial cell migration. We evaluated the influence of HCMV on chemokinesis and chemotactic response of human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) towards vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). A virus dose-dependent reduction in chemokinesis and VEGF-dependent chemotaxis was observed (P < 0.05). UV-inactivated virus did not inhibit chemotaxis or chemokinesis, indicating that viral gene expression is mandatory. We identified two HCMV-induced mechanisms explaining the reduction of chemotaxis: first, a non-ambiguous reduction of VEGFR-2 protein was observed, due to decreased transcription. This protein down-modulation could not be inhibited by Ganciclovir. The remaining VEGFR-2 expressed on infected HCAEC was able to stimulate cell activation. Second, HCMV infection influences actin polymerization in HCAEC as shown by FACS analysis: actin polymerization was significantly reduced to 53 and 51% (P < 0.05) compared with non-infected HCAEC at 24 and 72 h p.i., respectively. Genetically and pharmacologically eliminated VEGFR-2 function resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) reduction of VEGF-induced activation of actin polymerization. We demonstrated a significant reduction of the chemotactic mobility of HCMV-infected HCAEC mediated by down-modulation of the VEGFR-2 and by inhibition of actin polymerization. This VEGF resistance of HCMV-infected endothelial cells is likely to promote atherogenesis.
Further evidence of the role of HLA-DR4 in the genetic susceptibility to actinic prurigo
Authors: Teresa Hojyo-Tomoka, Julio Granados, Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón, Jesús K. Yamamoto-Furusho, Elisa Vega-Memije, Roberto Cortós-Franco, Octavio Flores, Fernanda Teixeira, Luciano Domínguez-Soto
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (1997)
Attitudes to Nursing Among Intelligent Schoolgirls
Authors: G. E. Watts
Journal: BMJ (1964)

charged between the second and the sixth day from the Jessop Hospital for Women 158 were satisfied, even enthusiastic, with the arrangements, 28 were doubtful (nearly always because of inadequate help in the home), and only 13 said they were not satisfied.One felt unable to give an opinion, having been readmitted with secondary post- partum haemorrhage.In practice, many patients specially ask to be booked for 48 hotirs, and there are a few who should be confined in hospital for medical reasons who are clearly very unwilling to come in unless short stay is promised.Unlike Sir Andrew Claye I believe that for a proportion of patients the deliberate planning for a 48-hour discharge from maternity unit is the correct thing to do, for it provides the patient with the best of both worlds; this arrangement, however, must be -planned in advance and must be supported by efficient lines of communication and a real sense of team-work among those providing maternity care.Above all, the patient's home conditions must be suitable for early discharge, and in particular there must be sufficient help to give the mother enough pro- tection from the everyday affairs that she is going to have to take up again soon enough.-
Small-bowel obstruction due to a migrated cystogastric endoprosthesis: report of a case
Authors: B. Lorenzi, C. Pesenti, E. Bories, F. Caillol, M. Economou, M. Giovannini
Journal: Endoscopy (2007)

Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided cystogastrostomy has been reported to be a safe and efficient method for drainage of pancreatic pseudocysts [1] [2] [3]. More common complications include hemorrhage, perforation, and cyst infection due to stent clogging [3] [4]. We report here on a case of small-bowel obstruction caused by migration of a cystogastric endoprosthesis, which was successfully managed without surgery.
Abstract 5294: Real-time optical imaging of nanoparticle biodistribution in vivo
Authors: Anne L. van de ven-Moloney, O'Hara Haley, Pilham Kim, Seok-Hyun Yun, Mauro Ferrari, Paolo Decuzzi
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract High-resolution optical imaging provides the opportunity to visualize the transport of systemically injected nanoparticle systems along a series of biophysical barriers to their site of action. Data collected using this approach can be used to simulate, predict, understand, and improve the delivery of therapeutics and/or contrast agents to solid tumors. Here we present evidence that tailoring the physical properties of nanoparticle systems can improve their accumulation at disease sites. Using confocal technologies, we investigated the dynamics of nanoporous silicon particles in the microvasculature of normal and tumor-bearing mice. The biodistribution of intravenously injected particles of different size, shape, and surface properties were monitored in real-time. In organs of the reticuloendothelial system (RES), the rate of particle accumulation, as well as the total number of particles accumulated, was highly dependent on particle shape. Particles which preferentially accumulated in tumors were different than those which accumulated in the RES organs, suggesting that particle shape is an important design parameter for organ-specific delivery. The importance of modifying particle surface was evaluated in melanoma-bearing mice by systemically administering particles with and without endothelial-specific targeting moieties. The addition of targeting moieties was found to improve tumor-specific accumulation as much as changing particle shape. We have independently validated these in vivo findings and begun to elucidate the mechanisms of particle accumulation using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and mathematical modeling. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 5294. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-5294
The NIH Undiagnosed Diseases Program
Authors: William A. Gahl
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Percutaneous Heroin Injection Causing Horner Syndrome
Authors: Katherine A. Hawkins
Journal: JAMA (1977)

HEROIN addicts are predisposed to numerous medical problems, many of which are neurological. In 1973, Richter et al described the neurological complications in a group of heroin addicts in New York City.<sup>1</sup>Among the "noninfectious" complications were coma, seizures, organic brain syndrome, cerebrovascular accidents, transverse myelitis, toxic (quinine) amblyopia, peripheral nerve lesions, and muscle disorders. We report a case of Horner syndrome occurring as a sequela of percutaneous heroin injection. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> On admission to Roosevelt Hospital for an unrelated condition, a 25-year-old female heroin addict was observed to have Horner syndrome. The right pupil was 2 mm, and the left, 4 mm; both were reactive to light. There was slight ptosis of the right eyelid and decreased sweating over the right side of the face and neck. All other cranial nerve functions were normal, as were the results of the remainder of the neurological examination. There
The viral anti-inflammatory chemokine-binding protein M-T7 reduces intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury
Authors: Liying Liu, Alshad Lalani, Erbin Dai, Bruce Seet, Colin Macauley, Raj Singh, Lilly Fan, Grant McFadden, Alexandra Lucas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2000)

Chemokines and IFN-γ function as central regulators of inflammatory responses to vascular injury. Both classes of cytokines are upregulated during restenosis, a response to vascular injury that leads to recurrent atherosclerotic plaque growth, but the relative impact of each class of cytokines remains undetermined. M-T7 is a secreted myxoma viral immunomodulatory glycoprotein that functions both as a species-specific inhibitor of rabbit IFN-γ and as a chemokine-binding protein, interacting with a wide range of C, C-C, and C-X-C chemokines in a species-nonspecific fashion. We wished to (a) assess the efficacy of purified M-T7 protein in inhibiting intimal hyperplasia after angioplasty injury and (b) exploit unique species-specific functions of M-T7 in order to judge the relative importance of each cytokine class on plaque growth. Anesthetized New Zealand white rabbits and Sprague-Dawley rats received either M-T7 or control at the time of arterial angioplasty injury. Histological analysis at 28 days demonstrated significant reductions in intimal hyperplasia with M-T7 treatment in both models, with an associated early inhibition of inflammatory cell invasion. Purified M-T7 protein inhibits intimal hyperplasia after angioplasty injury in a species-nonspecific fashion, thus implicating the chemokine-binding activity as more critical for prevention of plaque growth after vascular injury.
Sensory loss following cryosurgery of skin lesions
Authors: W.R. FABER, B. NAAFS, J.H.SILLEVIS SMITT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1987)

Sensory testing by means of a graded bristle technique was performed following cryosurgical treatment of 183 skin lesions in 169 patients. Mild, generally transient, sensory loss was found in 28% of the treated lesions. This sensory loss appeared not to be influenced by differences in the cryosurgical procedures nor by postoperative complications in wound healing, but was dependent on the area of the body where cryosurgery was performed. Treated lesions on the trunk and neck and on the arms and legs showed the most profound and longest lasting sensory loss.