tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
An adaptation of Chester step test for use in patients with COPD
Authors: Simone Dal Corso, Carlos Henrique Silva de Andrade, Anderson Alves de Camargo, Carla Malaguti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The work rate increment during Chester step test (CST) could limit its use in patients with COPD who present a wide range of exercise tolerance at similar levels of pulmonary impairment.   Objective:  To compare exercise tolerance time, cardiopulmonary stress, and perception of effort between CST and a modified incremental step test (MIST).   Methods:  Thirty-two patients with COPD (FEV 1 : 50±15% of predicted) underwent the CST and MIST at the same day, an hour apart, on a single step (20 cm of high). Both tests were externally paced by sonorous stimulus previously recorded on a CD. CST started with a rhythm of 15 steps/minute and increments of five steps were performed every two minutes, with a total time of ten minutes. MIST started with 10 steps/minute and increments of one step every 30 seconds until the limit of tolerance.   Results:  CST had shorter duration than MIST (4±2 min  vs  6±3 min, respectively; P  vs  103±60, P  2  (1.22±0.59 L/min  vs  1.24±0.55 L/min), VE/MVV (0.63±0.14  vs  0.61±0.14), HR (86±13%  vs  85±13%) and SpO 2  (87±7%  vs  87±6%). Dyspnoea and leg fatigue did not differ between tests.   Conclusion:  Although a slower work rate increment during MIST has determined a higher exercise tolerance, cardiopulmonary stress and perceived exertion at peak exercise were equivalent between CST and MIST.
Carcinomas of the Cervix and Corpus Uteri in Humans: Stage-Dependent Blood Levels of Substance(s) Immunologically Cross-Reactive With Insulin&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K. Pavelić, M. Bolanča, N. Veček, J. Pavelić, T. Marotti, S. Vuk-Pavlović
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

Inasmuch as the elevated levels of substance(s) immunologically cross-reactive with insulin (SICRI) in a diabetic woman with carcinoma of the corpus uteri decreased following the surgical removal of the uterus and ovaries, 80 women with cervical carcinomas of various stages and 70 women with carcinomas of the corpus uteri of various stages were screened for the levels of SICRI and C-peptide. The levels of SICRI in the second, third, and fourth stages of the cancers were elevated (up to six times above the normal levels of immunoreactive insulin) and stage-dependent. The levels of C-peptide, which are related to the insulin-secreting activity of pancreatic β-cells, were normal and independent of the stage of cancer.
Paradoxical effect of salbutamol in asthmatic children
Authors: Maria Teresa Romero Rubio, Lysbet Ojeda Gonzalez, Barbara Fernandez Dominguez, Laura Aranda Grau, Amparo Escribano Montaner
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Paradoxical bronchospasm is defined as the rapid onset of bronchoconstriction after administrating β2 agonist. Few studies published suggest that it is due to tensiactive chlorofluorocarbons in the metered dosis inhaler (MDI). Although bronchodilator test (BT) with salbutamol is a usual aim of control in asthma, there are no studies in these children.  Objective: To set the characteristics of paradoxical bronchospasm after standard BT with MDI salbutamol in asthmatic children.  Methods: Asthmatic children (2006-2011) in whom FEV1 decreases ≥9 % after conventional BT with MDI salbutamol.Age,sex,body mass index,atopy,pharmacological treatment,level of asthma severity and control,percentage of FEV1 decrease and brochodilator response after terbutaline dry powder were collected. Statistical analysis with SPSS.  Results: 32 patients,mean age 8.3 years (56% males).History of allergy in 65.6% (68.4% Dermatophagoides) and obesity in 34.3%. 81.3% patients had controlled asthma at the time of testing,following treatment with montelukast (42.9%),inhaled corticosteroids (28.5%),both of them (4.8%) or immunotherapy (9.5%). 14.3% patients had moderate to severe asthma, treated with corticosteroids and long acting beta-agonist. 46.9% showed a fall in FEV1 >15%. In this group 40% were obese and 60% allergic, with no differences among asthma severity or pharmacological therapy (p>0.05). 27 patients underwent bronchodilation with terbutaline dry powder being positive in 81%.  Conclusion: In controlled asthmatic children, especially obese and allergic,MDI salbutamol can produce paradoxical bronchoconstriction that reverts with terbutaline drypowder. Although not a usual situation, it should be considered for the symptomatic management of the disease.
Seroprevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in rural and urban populations, Tunisia
Authors: Neffati Houcine, Ritter Jacques, Feki Salma, Dron Anne-Gaëlle, Slim Amin, Hassine Mohsen, Braham Hamadi, Ramiere Christophe, Andre Patrice, Aouni Mahjoub, Scholtes Caroline
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)
ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME BULLOSUM DUE TO SULFADIAZINE SENSITIVITY CONTROLLED WITH PROCAINE INTRAVENOUSLY
Authors: E APPELBAUM, S M ARONSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1949)

Case Reports1 July 1949ERYTHEMA MULTIFORME BULLOSUM DUE TO SULFADIAZINE SENSITIVITY CONTROLLED WITH PROCAINE INTRAVENOUSLYEMANUEL APPELBAUM, M.D., F.A.C.P., STANLEY M. ARONSON, M.D.EMANUEL APPELBAUM, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, STANLEY M. ARONSON, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-31-1-146 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe development of a skin eruption following the use of sulfonamides does not as a rule present a difficult therapeutic problem, since in most instances the rash clears up with the cessation of the chemotherapy. Additional benefit may also be obtained from the use of epinephrine or the antihistaminic drugs. There are, however, instances of sulfonamide eruption in which the routine measures are of no avail. In the case herein reported the rash did not respond to the standard forms of treatment but cleared up promptly following the intravenous administration of procaine.CASE REPORTB. M., a colored male, aged...Bibliography1. STATEWANGENSTEEN DOH: Procaine intravenously in treatment of delayed serum sickness, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1946, cxxx, 990-995. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. APPELBAUMABRAHAMSINTON EAW: A case of serum sickness treated with procaine intravenously, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1946, cxxxi, 1274-1275. CrossrefGoogle Scholar3. PETERSONBISHOP JCLK: The treatment of serum sickness with benadryl, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1947, cxxxiii, 1277-1280. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. SHANES AM: An experimental and theoretical approach to the mechanism of cocaine action, Science, 1948, cvii, 679-681. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Received for publication September 7, 1948. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 July 1949Volume 31, Issue 1Page: 146-148KeywordsChemotherapyDrugsEpinephrineErythemaRashesSulfonamide ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1949 PDF downloadLoading ...
Relation between quality of life and morbidity and mortality in COPD patients: 7-year follow-up study
Authors: Yavuz Havlucu, Arzu Yorgancioglu, Aysin Sakar Coskun, Gonul Dinc Horasan, Tugba Goktalay, Pinar Celik
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

In this study, relationship between pulmonary function test (PFT) and quality of life (QoL) and effect of QoL on prognosis, mortality,and morbidity were investigated in patients with COPD.  In this prospective study, 251 patients with COPD as defined by ATS criteria were included. 218 patients (86.85%) were male and mean age was 65,55. PFT and QoL questionnaire, St. George Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), were performed at the begining. During 7 year follow-up, first exacerbation day, number of exacerbation, number and duration of hospitalization, number and duration of hospitalization in intensive care unit, number of entubation, and exitus day were recorded. 195 patients (77,6%) were died during follow-up. 112 patients (57%) were died due to respiratory reasons. When the begining parameters of dead patients and survived patients were compared, there was a statistically difference according to comorbidity especially cardiac disease, disease duration, PFT parameters, and SGRQ score (p 1  values, SGRQ scores and parameters mentioned above were investigated, there was significant correlation between these parameters and this correlation was more significant in SGRQ scores than FEV 1  values.  As a result, not only PFT but also quality of life questionnaires are useful in determining the prognosis of COPD, for this reason health questionnaires provide a valid and standardised estimate of the overall impact of COPD and should be used to complement spirometric measurements of baseline assessment of patients in routine practice.
Trastuzumab and vinorelbine combination in the treatment of Her2 positive metastatic breast cancer
Authors: J. Bayo, J. I. Mayordomo, P. Sanchez-Rovira, R. Perez-Carrion, J. Illaramendi, E. Gonzalez Flores, J. M. García Bueno, M. Ramos Vazquez, C. Crespo, A. Garcia Palomo
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

763 Background: Trastuzumab and vinorelbine combination has previously shown a very interesting activity and is a well tolerated regimen in metastatic breast cancer overexpressing Her2. From February 2001 and August 2003, 52 pats have been treated with this combination in 13 Spanish centers. The primary endpoint of the study was response rate and secondary objectives were TTP and to define the toxicity profile of the combination in this setting. Pats without previous treatment for metastatic disease or after first line therapy were included in this study. Only Her2 3+ or 2+ confirmed by FISH were eligible patients. Patients were treated with weekly Trastuzumab given at a dose of 2 mg/kg/d over 30'(4 mg/kg/d over 90' on the first infusion) followed by Vinorelbine at a dose of 25 mg/m2 over 6–10'. Methods: 52 female patients with measurable or assessable metastatic breast cancer were enroled. 49 patients were evaluable for efficacy. Patients remained in study up to six cycles consisting of 3 administrations of the combination and then up to the investigator some pats went on Herceptin alone or other CT regimen. All pats were followed until progresión of the disease. Response assessments were scheduled after 2, 4 and 6th cycles. Results: 28 pats had not received any treatment for metastatic disease and 24 had received one or more lines of treatment for metastatic disease. So far, the overall response rate is 61%. 7 pats have shown a CR (14%), 23 had a PR (47%), 10 had a EE (14% ) and 9 had a PD (18%) as the best response to therapy. Median response duration was 7.5 mo and median TTP was 7.2 mo. Toxicities led to study termination in only 1 pat, being G1–2 neurotoxicity and G3–4 neutropenia main toxicities. No cardiac events have been seen in this group of pats. No SAEs have been reported. Conclusions: This regimen shows a remarkable activity with a good tolerance which should be taken under consideration while treating patients in this setting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Changes in heart rate variability in subjects exposed to ten days intermittent hypoxia
Authors: Zdravko Taralov, Kiril Terziyski, Peter Dimov, Blagoi Marinov, Stefan Kostianev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Exogenous hypoxia as a training method leads to adaptations, many of which are related to a change in the activity of the autonomic nervous system.

Aim: To assess the alterations in heart rate variability (HRV) in subjects, exposed to one hour of exogenous hypoxia in the course of ten consecutive days.

Material and methods:Twelve healthy non-smoker males aged 29.84±7.43 (mean±SD) were subjected to one-hour hypoxic sessions over ten consecutive days (FiO2=12.3±1.5%) via hypoxicator (Altitude Tech, AltiPro 8850 Summit+, Canada)with simultaneous recording of electrocardiography and pulse oxymetry. HRV data was derived via specific software (Kubios HRV, Finland) by analyzing the one-hour hypoxic period.

Results: Comparing the last visit to the first the subjects had lower normalized low frequency power (LF) (66.83±14.64vs 55.92±13.39; p=0.032) and higher high frequency power (HF) (34.07±14.08 vs 44.07±103.39; p=0.050) as well as lower LF/HF ratio (2.43±1.39 vs 1.52±0.96; p=0.026) and higher total power (4887.0±4324.2 vs 6875.8±4399.1; p=0.035). The subjects also had a higher standard deviation of normal-to-normal inter-beat intervals (SDNN) (65.67±32.46 vs 81.08±31.95; p=0.013), and a higher root mean square of successive difference (RMSSD) (58.08±30.87 vs 76.46±34.56; p=0.029).

Conclusion:Exposure to exogenous hypoxia for one hour over ten consecutive days leads to changes in HRV – a reduction in LF and LF/HF ratio and an elevation in HF and total power as well as SDNN and RMSSD. In the course of an intermittent hypoxic protocol sympathetic tone decreases in contrast to an increase in parasympathetic tone. The overall activity of the autonomic nervous system also increases.
Phylogenetic place of mitochondrion-lacking protozoan, Giardia lamblia, inferred from amino acid sequences of elongation factor 2.
Authors: T Hashimoto, Y Nakamura, T Kamaishi, F Nakamura, J Adachi, K Okamoto, M Hasegawa
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1995)

Partial regions of the mRNA encoding a major part of translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2) from a mitochondrion-lacking protozoan, Giardia lamblia, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction, and their primary structures were analyzed. The deduced amino acid sequence was aligned with other eukaryotic and archaebacterial EF-2's, and the phylogenetic relationships among eukaryotes were inferred by the maximum likelihood (ML) and the maximum parsimony (MP) methods. The ML analyses using six different models of amino acid substitutions and the MP analysis consistently suggest that among eukaryotic species being analyzed, G. lamblia is likely to have diverged from other higher eukaryotes on the early phase of eukaryotic evolution.
Cladribine and mitoxantrone dose escalation in indolent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
Authors: A Saven, T Lee, M Kosty, L Piro
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1996)

Since cladribine (2-chlorodeoxyadenosine [2-CdA]) and mitoxantrone both exhibit major activity against indolent lymphoid malignancies and have different mechanisms of action, we performed a dose-escalation study of 2-CdA and mitoxantrone in patients with alkylator-failed indolent lymphoma to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of this combination and to make preliminary observations about efficacy.Twenty-three patients were treated every 28 to 35 days, in cohorts of at least three patients, with stepwise dose escalations until dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) were encountered. The initial dose levels were 2-CdA 0.1 mg/kg/d by continuous infusion for 7 days, mitoxantrone 5 mg/m2 intravenously (i.v.) on day 1, and prednisone 100 mg/d on days 1 to 5. Mitoxantrone was dose-escalated in increments of 2.5 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1.The MTD of the combination was 2-CdA 0.1 mg/kg/d for 7 days, mitoxantrone 7.5 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1, and prednisone 100 mg/d on days 1 to 5. Myelosuppression and infection were the DLTs. The recommended phase II doses were 2-CdA 0.075 mg/kg/d for 7 days mitoxantrone 5 mg/m2 i.v. on day 1; prednisone was omitted to decrease the risk of opportunistic infections. The overall response rate was 70%, with 22% complete responses (CRs) and 48% partial responses (PRs). The median duration of CR was 15 months and PR 5 months.These results demonstrate the feasibility and safety of combining 2-CdA and mitoxantrone in the treatment of indolent lymphoma, and appear to confirm clinically the mechanistic synergism and rationale for this combination regimen. Prednisone exacerbated the risk of opportunistic infection and was omitted. The overall response rate was high, including durable CRs. Further studies of this combination regimen are warranted in untreated and alkylator-failed indolent lymphoma.
Renal hemodynamics and sodium handling in moderate renal insufficiency
Authors: P Stenvinkel, A Ottosson-Seeberger, A Alvestrand
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1995)

Insulin infusion during euglycemia causes antinatriuresis and renal vasodilation in healthy humans, whereas the effects of acute insulin infusion on tubular sodium handling and renal hemodynamics in chronic renal disease are unknown. The response to euglycemic insulin infusion was investigated in two homogeneous patient groups with a slight renal impairment-one with nephrotic syndrome (GFR, 64 mL/min; N = 9) and one with non-nephrotic immunoglobulin A nephropathy (GFR, 70 mL/min; N = 8). In addition, nine renal transplant recipients (GFR, 44 +/- 6 mL/min) were investigated. The results were compared with those of 12 healthy controls (GFR, 105 +/- 4 mL/min). Renal hemodynamics and renal tubular sodium handling were estimated with inulin, p-aminohippurate, sodium, and lithium clearances. The results showed that patients with nephrotic syndrome (5.0 +/- 0.4 mg/kg per minute) and renal transplant recipients (4.8 +/- 0.6 mg/kg per minute) had a significant lower metabolic clearance of glucose as compared with control subjects (7.9 +/- 0.4 mg/kg per minute), whereas patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (6.7 +/- 0.6 mg/kg per minute) had a metabolic clearance of glucose that was similar to that of the controls. Despite insulin resistance to carbohydrate metabolism, insulin infusion still induced hypokalemia and antinatriuresis in patients with nephrotic syndrome and renal transplant recipients. Insulin infusion caused a significant 13% increase in RPF and lithium clearance in control subjects, and a positive Spearman rank correlation (Rs = 0.41; P < 0.05) was observed between the changes in p-aminohippurate and lithium clearances during insulin infusion in the combined patient group, suggesting that impaired renal vasodilation may contribute to abnormal proximal tubular sodium handling and sodium retention. The results also suggest that hypertriglyceridemia could be a factor contributing to abnormal proximal tubular sodium handling in chronic renal disease.
Implementation of severity guided antibiotic treatment according to Dutch guidelines in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) included in a clinical trial
Authors: Dominic Snijders, Casper de Graaff, Tjip van der Werf, Wim Boersma
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of antibiotics according to the Dutch guideline in patients with CAP included in a clinical trial with respect to clinical outcome at day 30. Antibiotic therapy was based on severity scoring of CAP next to clinical judgment.

A total of 213 patients were evaluated. Amoxicillin (122 patients, 57.3%) was most often prescribed (CURB-65 0-2: 82.8%; CURB-65 3-5: 17.2%), followed by moxifloxacin (80 patients, 37.6%) (CURB-65 0-2: 61.3%; CURB-65 3-5: 38.8%) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (9 patients, 4.2%) (CURB-65 0-2: 77.8%; CURB-65 3-5: 22.2%). 30 day mortality was 12 (5.6%) patients, 4 patients on initial amoxillin and 8 patients on initial moxifloxacin.

Patients on amoxicillin had a clinical success rate at day 30 of 80.0%, while patients on moxifloxacin had a clinical success rate of 61.3%.

In 20 (9.4%) patients antibiotic treatment was narrowed, whereas 7 (3.3%) patients were treated with broader spectrum antibiotics; 186 (87.3%) patients remained on their initial antibiotics.

In a multivariate analysis only severe CAP (CURB-65 score >2) was associated with clinical failure at day 30 (OR 6.0, 95% CI 2.1-17.5), while type of antibiotics, antibiotic change (narrowing of broadening) and aetiology were not associated with treatment failure.

Conclusion: Patients with non-severe CAP can safely be treated with amoxicillin. The use of Dutch guideline concordant antibiotics resulted in a low rate of broadening antibiotic treatment. Antibiotic therapy was not associated in multivariate analysis with clinical outcome at day 30.
Sex-Specific Association of Sleep Apnea Severity With Subclinical Myocardial Injury, Ventricular Hypertrophy, and Heart Failure Risk in a Community-Dwelling Cohort
Authors: Gabriela Querejeta Roca, Susan Redline, Brian Claggett, Natalie Bello, Christie M. Ballantyne, Scott D. Solomon, Amil M. Shah
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and the development of subsequent cardiovascular (CV) complications differ by sex. We hypothesize that the relationship between OSA and high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT), cardiac structure, and CV outcomes differs by sex.Seven hundred fifty-two men and 893 women free of CV disease participating in both the Atherosclerosis Risk in the Communities and the Sleep Heart Health Studies were included. All participants (mean age, 62.5 ± 5.5 years) underwent polysomnography and measurement of hs-TnT. OSA severity was defined by using established clinical categories. Subjects were followed for 13.6 ± 3.2 years for incident coronary disease, heart failure, and CV and all-cause mortality. Surviving subjects underwent echocardiography after 15.2 ± 0.8 years. OSA was independently associated with hs-TnT among women (P=0.03) but not in men (P=0.94). Similarly, OSA was associated with incident heart failure or death in women (P=0.01) but not men (P=0.10). This association was no longer significant after adjusting for hs-TnT (P=0.09). Among surviving participants without an incident CV event, OSA assessed in midlife was independently associated with higher left ventricle mass index only among women (P=0.001).Sex-specific differences exist in the relationship between OSA and CV disease. OSA, assessed in midlife, is independently associated with higher levels of concomitantly measured hs-TnT among women but not men, in whom other comorbidities associated with OSA may play a more important role. During 13-year follow-up, OSA was associated with incident heart failure or death only among women, and, among those without an incident event, it was independently associated with left ventricular hypertrophy only in women.
Active video game training benefits' in asthmatic children: Pilot study
Authors: Evelim Gomes, Luciana Sampaio, Eloisa Regueiro, Dirceu Costa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: The benefits of aerobic training are well known at asthma. However, it is unknown whether active video games cause the same effects in asthmatic children.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of ludic exercises through the active video game on the FeNO, functional capacity and pulmonary function in children with asthma. Method: Were evaluated and training nine stable asthmatic children mean age 7.83 (from 5 to 11 years). The training was performed with Xbox video game (Xbox 360 Kinetic™). Firstly, it was performed a 10-min warming-up on a treadmill (2km/h) followed by 10 matches of 3 min each of Kinect adventure game with an interval of 30 s between them (the Reflex Rigde game was achieved with increase intensity); twice a week, for 8 consecutive weeks. Pre and post training were assessed the FeNO, spirometry, treadmill exercise testing (TET) (Bruce protocol) and reported the Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ6).

Results: The FeNO decreased from 41.4±19.5 ppb to 23.8±11.0 ppb (p=0.01). There was an improvement in the FEV1(%) (from 71±14 to 88.3±19.54; p=0.05); in the walking distance in the TET (from 534.4±130.7m to 647.7±112.2m; p=0.008); and in the disease control verified by the ACQ6 (from 10.2±9.0 to 1.8±2.4; p=0.01). Conclusion: The training with active video game appears to be an effective option of aerobic training in asthmatic children.

Clinicaltrials.com - [NCT01438294][1].

 [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link_type=CLINTRIALGOV&access_num=NCT01438294&atom=%2Ferj%2F42%2FSuppl_57%2FP1310.atom