tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 20342: Endogenous Tissue Transglutaminase Protects the Pressure-Overloaded Myocardium from Dilative Remodeling by Activating Fibroblasts and by Promoting Matrix Preservation
Authors: ying xia, Marcin Dobaczewski, Wei Chen, Kyung-Kyun Shin, Na Li, carlos Gonzalez-Quesada, Leonarddo H Mendoza, Gerry Melino, Nikolaos G Frangogiannis
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Tissue transglutaminase (tTG) is a multifunctional protein that modulates inflammatory and reparative pathways by activating TGF-β, by enhancing fibroblast responses to growth factors, by regulating matrix metabolism and by inducing matrix cross-linking. tTG is markedly upregulated during the transition from hypertrophy to heart failure; however, its role in cardiac remodeling remains unknown. We hypothesized that tTG may be critically involved in the fibrotic cardiomyopathy associated with pressure overload. tTG null mice and corresponding wildtype (WT) controls underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) protocols. tTG mRNA and protein was markedly upregulated in the pressure-overloaded myocardium; flow cytometry suggested that collagen I+ fibroblasts and CD45+ leukocytes harvested from pressure-overloaded hearts exhibited externalization of tTG on the cell surface. In the absence of injury WT and tTG null mice had comparable cardiac dimensions and function. However after 28 days of TAC tTG −/− mice exhibited markedly increased left ventricular hypertrophy (LV mass, WT: 127.13+6.73 mg vs. −/−: 195.7+12.39 mg, p
Variability of Heparin Levels and Bleeding with Low-Dose Heparin Prophylaxis following Transurethral Resection of the Prostate
Authors: T K Day
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Plasma heparin levels and operative/postoperative bleeding were assessed in 16 patients of varying body weights who received subcutaneous low-dose heparin prophylaxis for deep vein thrombosis during and after transurethral resection for benign prostatic hypertrophy. The concentration of heparin in the blood at operation and subsequently was found to vary widely but did not correlate with the extent of blood loss. When adjusted for body weight, plasma heparin concentration showed significantly less variation from patient to patient. In this respect, body weight was a more effective parameter than lean body mass or surface area. Adjustment of heparin dosage by body weight may be advisable when using low-dose heparin prophylaxis.
Studies on Murine Leukemia2
Authors: Marvin A. Rich, Janice Geldner, Paul Meyers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

A virus capable of inducing leukemia in rodents is described. The agent, morphologically similar to other murine leukemia viruses, induced lymphoid leukemia in a variety of mouse strains and in Osborne-Mendel rats. Although leukemogenic activity was inversely proportional to age, Swiss mice up to 6 months of age could be infected. Measurable inactivity could be demonstrated after exposure to 56° C for up to 1 hour. Virus was inactivated by formalin and ethyl ether. The virus could be propagated in cell cultures of mouse embryo without cytopathogenicity. Comparison with Moloney leukemia virus by the cell-specific antigen technique suggested antigenic differences. Cytotoxicity tests indicated that, unlike the Friend, Moloney, Rauscher, and Gross viruses, the virus described here shared cytotoxic antigens with all the other four. Vaccines prepared with this or Friend virus protected mice from the leukemogenic activity of this virus. Low concentrations (1:256) of antisera prepared against this virus neutralized high titers of virus. Cross reactivity with Moloney, Friend, and, to a lesser extent, Rauscher virus was observed. The current status of the relationship between the murine leukemia viruses is discussed.
Evaluation of the GOLD 2011 severity criteria across the COPD spectrum
Authors: Philip Short, James Chalmers, Peter Williamson, Aran Singanayagam, Ahsan Akram, Brian Lipworth, Stuart Schembri
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction  We compared GOLD 2007 and 2011 stratification, assessing their ability to predict mortality and hospital admissions in two distinct COPD populations across a spectrum of COPD severity.  Methods  A prospective multi-centre dataset of patients hospitalised with COPD exacerbations (EXODUS) and a large retrospective community cohort of COPD patients (TARDIS) were used. Analyses were performed independently. Patients were stratified by GOLD 2007 and 2011. Kaplan Meier with log-rank testing and the C-statistic were used.  Results  EXODUS: 1261 patients, median (IQR) FEV1% 48.6%(34.2-67.2), 1 year follow up. TARDIS: 3293 patients, median (IQR) 61.2%(33.8-88.6), mean follow up 4.7 years.  Increasing GOLD 2007 stage correlated with reduced survival within both datasets, (Log rank test p  C-statistics showed GOLD 2011 staging to have a better predictive ability for mortality than GOLD 2007 in both datasets; EXODUS AUC 0.62 (0.59-0.64) for GOLD 2011 vs. AUC 0.55 (0.53-0.57) for GOLD 2007, TARDIS AUC 0.65 (0.64-0.66) for GOLD 2011 vs AUC 0.61 (0.60-0.62) for GOLD 2007.  For hospital readmissions, with TARDIS, GOLD 2011 had a better predictive ability than GOLD 2007. Within EXODUS, GOLD 2011 was equivalent to GOLD 2007.  Conclusions  GOLD 2011 identifies patients at risk of future death and hospitalisation more accurately than spirometry alone.
Treatment for latent tuberculosis infection in migrants carries a low risk of hepatotoxicity
Authors: Vladimir Macavei, Catherine Hyams, Jakir Ullah, Terry O'Shaughnessy, Veronica White, Jessica Potter, Nivenka Jayasekera, Heinke Kunst
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Identifying and treating people with latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI) in migrants who are at risk of reactivation are critical to reduce the rates of active TB. There have been concerns of treating LTBI in primary care in view of side-effects and in particular the risk of hepatotoxicity.  Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at the Newham Chest Clinic in London, U.K. between 1st January 2009 and 31st December 2012. Records of all patients who have been in the country ‹ 5 years and received chemoprophylaxis for LTBI were examined. Patient characteristics, details of anti-tuberculous treatment(ATT) and side-effects were recorded. Blood results including liver function tests(ALT and Bilirubin) before and after treatment were recorded and the need for hospitalisation due to side-effects of ATT.  Results: 233 patients with LTBI who were treated with Rifampicin and Isoniazid were included. Mean age was 31±5.9 years and 60.7%(141) were males. 75.5%(176) patients were from the Indian subcontinent and 24.5%(57) patients from Africa. 3 patients had hepatitis B. From 17 patients(7.2%) who experienced side-effects, 5(2.1%) reported gastrointestinal symptoms(nausea, vomiting), 2(0.8%) cases of hypersensitivity reaction(pruritus) and 1(0.4%) case of thrombocytopenia. Drug induced hepatitis with a rise in ALT greater than 3 times normal was present in 9 patients(3.8%)(p=0.001). An increase in bilirubin greater than 2 times normal was recorded in 3 patients(1.2%). One patient who also had hepatitis B was hospitalised due to hepatotoxicity.  Conclusion: Treatment for LTBI in migrants is safe and is associated with a low risk of hepatotoxicity and should be feasible in primary care.
A Persistent Strain of Diploid Fibroblasts<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3">3</xref>
Authors: Robert S. Krooth, Margery W. Shaw, Barbara K. Campbell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1964)

A diploid cell strain developed from rat striated muscle tissue is described. The strain was serially propagated for over 15 months and was subcultured 88 times. At present the cells have undergone more than 380 generations and have increased by a factor known to be greater than 1.9 × 10114. The strain has a generation time estimated to be between 12 and 24 hours and is over 85 percent euploid. Neither progressive cellular “senescence” nor “alteration” of the strain has thus far been observed. The literature on other unusually persistent diploid cell strains is reviewed.
The message from the World Asthma Meeting. The Working Groups of the World Asthma Meeting, held in Barcelona, Spain, December 9-13, 1998
Authors: PJ Sterk, SA Buist, AJ Woolcock, GB Marks, TA Platts-Mills, E von Mutius, J Bousquet, AJ Frew, RA Pauwels, N Ait-Khaled, SL Hill, MR Partridge
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

The 1998 World Asthma Meeting (WAM) has been the first multidisciplinary event aimed to consider asthma as a global public health problem in children and adults. The purpose of the meeting was to present state-of-the-art scientific information and to make recommendations on the research agenda for the coming years. Five Working Groups of invited experts were appointed to pin-point the established knowledge and the important questions in the areas of epidemiology, prevention, pathogenesis, management, and education. Their reports were discussed during the final plenary session, and are forming the current proceedings of the meeting. The message of the World Asthma Meeting provides a research agenda supported by the major international bodies involved in this disease. An integrated approach is considered to be essential in order to improve the prevention and care of asthma in all countries of the world.
The effect of unequal transversion rates on the accuracy of evolutionary parsimony.
Authors: W C Navidi, L Beckett-Lemus
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1992)

Evolutionary parsimony is an easy-to-use method of phylogenetic inference that is based on nucleic acid sequences and that does not require the assumption that evolutionary processes in the various sites on the molecule are identical. It does, however, require a parameter constraint, known as the "balanced transversion" assumption. We show that the accuracy of the procedure is fairly insensitive to moderate violations of this assumption--and that the procedure thus is applicable under more general conditions than previously thought.
Management of foreign body aspiration - a nation-wide survey
Authors: Dirk Schramm, Kerstin Ling, Antje Schuster
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

BACKGROUND/AIMS:In 1897 Gustav Kilian first described the classic management of foreign body (FB) aspiration in childhood by rigid bronchoscopy. Owing to the widespread employment of flexible bronchoscopy and the advancement of flexible instruments, rigid bronchoscopy has become less frequently utilized in daily clinical routine. In order to get an overview on current practice in our country, Germany, we planned a nation-wide survey on the management of FB aspiration in children, especially regarding the choice of methods for confirmation of the suspected diagnosis, and for FB removal. In addition, we wanted to learn about complications that occurred during the procedures.METHODS:An online survey was designed. We called all paediatric hospitals to identify the person in charge for bronchoscopy. These doctors (n=170) were invited to participate, together with anaesthetists (n=1361), ENT surgeons (n=162), and internists (n=3093) who were contacted by their specific medical associations. After 2 months a reminder questionnaire was sent out. RESULTS:255 questionnaires were returned (n= 29,9 % paediatric, 50,8 % anaesthetists, 0,4 % surgeons, 11,4 % Otolaryngologists, 3,9 % internists, 3,5% others). For confirmation of FB aspiration, the majority of colleagues (74,1%) preferred flexible bronchoscopy. For FB removal 49,2% preferred rigid bronchoscopy, while 20% preferred flexible bronchoscopy; 30% routinely use a combination of rigid and flexible.CONCLUSION:Both flexible and rigid bronchoscopies are valid methods playing an important role in management of FB aspiration in children in our country. From a clinical point of view, we propose that both techniques should be available at a paediatric pulmonary centre.
Survival benefit in melanoma.
Authors: B F Cole, R D Gelber, J M Kirkwood
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.388 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 21, 2016 PMID: 9440769 Survival benefit in melanoma. B F ColexB F ColeSearch for articles by this author , R D GelberxR D GelberSearch for articles by this author , J M KirkwoodxJ M KirkwoodSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1998.16.1.388 PDF "Survival benefit in melanoma.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 16(1), pp. 388–389© 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Plenary Posters
Authors: S. Hamdy, A. Hobson, D. Thompson, Paul L. Furlong
Journal: Gut (2001)

Background/Aims: Positron emission tomography has been applied to study cortical activation during human swallowing, but employs radio-isotopes precluding repeated experiments and has to be performed supine, making the task of swallowing difficult. Here we now describe Synthetic Aperture Magnetometry (SAM) as a novel method of localising and imaging the brain's neuronal activity from magnetoencephalographic (MEG) signals to study the cortical processing of human volitional swallowing in the more physiological prone position. Methods: In 3 healthy male volunteers (age 28–36), 151-channel whole cortex MEG (Omega-151, CTF Systems Inc.) was recorded whilst seated during the conditions of repeated volitional wet swallowing (5mls boluses at 0.2Hz) or rest. SAM analysis was then performed using varying spatial filters (5–60Hz) before co-registration with individual MRI brain images. Activation areas were then identified using standard sterotactic space neuro-anatomical maps. In one subject repeat studies were performed to confirm the initial study findings. Results: In all subjects, cortical activation maps for swallowing could be generated using SAM, the strongest activations being seen with 10–20Hz filter settings. The main cortical activations associated with swallowing were in: sensorimotor cortex (BA 3,4), insular cortex and lateral premotor cortex (BA 6,8). Of relevance, each cortical region displayed consistent inter-hemispheric asymmetry, to one or other hemisphere, this being different for each region and for each subject. Intra-subject comparisons of activation localisation and asymmetry showed impressive reproducibility. Conclusion: SAM analysis using MEG is an accurate, repeatable, and reproducible method for studying the brain processing of human swallowing in a more physiological manner and provides novel opportunities for future studies of the brain-gut axis in health and disease.
Diagnostic accuracies of clinical studies in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung.
Authors: L Y Chak, S B Paryani, B I Sikic, P Lockbaum, F M Torti, S K Carter
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

The diagnostic accuracy of clinical studies done in 38 patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung was analyzed by comparing the test results to autopsy findings. The chest radiograph was accurate in 31 of 38 patients (82%). The accuracy of the chest radiograph was higher in evaluating the lung parenchyma and mediastinum than in evaluating the hilum and pleura. Computerized tomographic brain scan was accurate in 11 of 12 patients. However, all the diagnostic studies used for assessing the liver, including physical examination, serum liver enzyme and bilirubin measurements, and radionuclide liver scan, were only moderately accurate. More accurate studies for detecting liver metastasis in patients with small cell carcinoma are needed.
Treatment Decision Making and Genetic Testing for Breast Cancer
Authors: Steven J. Katz, Allison W. Kurian, Monica Morrow
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Provision and consumption of alcohol-based hand rubs in European hospitals
Authors: S. Hansen, F. Schwab, P. Gastmeier, D. Pittet, W. Zingg, H. Sax, P. Gastmeier, S. Hansen, H. Grundmann, B. van Benthem, T. van der Kooi, M. Dettenkofer, M. Martin, H. Richet, E. Szilágyi, O.E. Központ, P.B. Heczko, A. Holmes, Y. Kyratsis, R. Ahmad, B. Allegranzi, A. Magiorakos, B. Cookson, A.W. Wu
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Cataracts induced by intermittent Decadron used as an antiemetic.
Authors: A Z Bluming, P Zeegen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1986)

Recent reports have shown that Decadron (dexamethasone; Merck Sharp & Dohme, West Point, Pa) has a significant antiemetic effect on cisplatin-induced vomiting. Although the development of posterior subcapsular cataracts is a known complication of systemic steroid therapy, it usually occurs after several years of chronic administration. A young diamond dealer developed visual impairment attributed to bilateral posterior subcapsular cataracts following only four courses of intermittent Decadron used as part of a five-drug antiemetic regimen for cisplatin-associated nausea. This report is intended to alert others to the possible development of this serious complication following short-term Decadron therapy.
Abstract 15839: Myocardial Phosphodiesterase 5 is Increased in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis and Contributes to Left Ventricular Dysfunction in Pressure-Overloaded Mice
Authors: Sara Vandenwijngaert, Peter Pokreisz, Hilde Gillijns, Hadewich Hermans, Melissa Swinnen, Tom Dresselaers, Agnes Balogh, Zoltan Papp, Paul Herijgers, Jan D'hooge, Jozef Bartunek, Kenneth D Bloch, Stefan Janssens
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background  - Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) modulates cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) levels in heart disease, but its role in pressure overload (PO)-induced cardiac remodeling remains incompletely understood.   Methods and Results  - PDE5 expression was higher in LV tissue of aortic stenosis patients (AS; n=18) compared to controls (n=6) as evidenced by qPCR (normalized mRNA levels: 0.0103 ± 0.0038 in AS vs 0.0003 ± 0.0002 in controls, P   Conclusions  - Myocardial PDE5 expression is increased in AS and in mice with a severe response to chronic PO. Cardiomyocyte-specific PDE5 overexpression is associated with lower myocardial SERCA2 levels, increased passive force, and impaired LV function in PO-mice. PDE5 is an attractive therapeutic target in hypertrophic remodeling.
A rude awakening: post-take ward round in the department of medicine for the elderly
Authors: Nicholas Coni
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1998)

This paper describes the post-take ward round of a department of medicine for the elderly (DME), to portray the nature of the medical admissions and their immediate management. The data concern the patients seen by one consultant in 28 such ward rounds during the last four months of 1997, in a teaching hospital where the DME is separate from the department of general internal medicine. 254 patients were seen, 107 men and 147 women, with an average age of 82.4 years (range 73-102). The decisions taken included diagnosis, further investigations, treatment, referral, discharge, and resuscitation status. Very few admissions were judged inappropriate, particularly among the majority referred by general practitioners. 101 patients were thought suitable for transfer to the department of general internal medicine, 109 definitely unsuitable. These findings support the view that, if medical beds are to be freed, the initiative must come from facilitating discharge rather than curtailing admission. Generalists are needed to sort and manage these patients. In the UK, these will often be general internal medicine consultant geriatricians, while the younger patients are seen by consultants practising general internal medicine in addition to one of the specialties. Sizeable numbers of these consultants are needed if the post-take ward round is to be efficient and not conflict with their fixed commitments.
Evidence-based hamstring injury prevention is not adopted by the majority of Champions League or Norwegian Premier League football teams: the Nordic Hamstring survey
Authors: Roald Bahr, Kristian Thorborg, Jan Ekstrand
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2015)

The Nordic hamstring (NH) exercise programme was introduced in 2001 and has been shown to reduce the risk of acute hamstring injuries in football by at least 50%. Despite this, the rate of hamstring injuries has not decreased over the past decade in male elite football.To examine the implementation of the NH exercise programme at the highest level of male football in Europe, the UEFA Champions League (UCL), and to compare this to the Norwegian Premier League, Tippeligaen, where the pioneer research on the NH programme was conducted.Retrospective survey.50 professional football teams, 32 from the UCL and 18 from Tippeligaen.A questionnaire, based on the Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation and Maintenance framework, addressing key issues related to the implementation of the NH programme during three seasons from 2012 through 2014, was distributed to team medical staff using electronic survey software.The response rate was 100%. Of the 150 club-seasons covered by the study, the NH programme was completed in full in 16 (10.7%) and in part in an additional 9 (6%) seasons. Consequently, 125 (83.3%) club-seasons were classified as non-compliant. There was no difference in compliance between the UCL and Tippeligaen in any season (χ(2): 0.41 to 0.52).Adoption and implementation of the NH exercise programme at the highest levels of male football in Europe is low; too low to expect any overall effect on acute hamstring injury rates.
Robert Lee, The Uterine Nervous System and a Wrangle at the Royal Society 1839–1849
Authors: Diana E Manuel
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

In the 1830s the obstetrician Robert Lee made a series of observations on the gravid uterus that ran counter to received wisdom. This paper recounts the way in which Lee's work was handled by the premier scientific institution of the day, the Royal Society.