tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Spinal Pseudomonas Chondro-Osteomyelitis in Heroin Users
Authors: Roger Lewis, Sherwood Gorbach, Peter Altner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

INFECTIONS with Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the spinal column have usually been associated with instrumentation or operation on the genitourinary tract or the spine.1 2 3 4 5 6 Heroin addicts are sub...
Physiology of the Digestive Tract: An Introductory Text
Authors: Ann Ouyang
Journal: JAMA (1983)

This is a welcome new edition of a book that has become a standard introductory textbook on gastrointestinal physiology. There have been many advances in our understanding of this subject since the last edition in 1977. In the face of such a proliferation of knowledge, it is to Dr Davenport's credit that he has managed to limit the book to 235 pages. In many ways, for a single author to condense the existing knowledge in such diverse fields into a concise book is the most difficult task. As Davenport states in the preface, such an introductory text cannot present the references documenting each statement, nor can all sides of an argument surrounding a controversy be presented. However, many recent advances are controversial, and one fault of this book, which may be unavoidable in view of its brevity, is the presentation of such data as accepted facts. The new edition is
Abstract 1668: Pharmacodynamic biomarker development for INK128, a potent and selective inhibitor of TORC1/2 for the treatment of cancer
Authors: Katayoun Jessen, Shunyou Wang, Xin Guo, Linda Kessler, Jeff Kucharski, Jocelyn Staunton, Lucy Lan, Marikka Elia, Josh Stewart, Jolene Brown, Liansheng Li, Katrina Chan, Michael Martin, Pingda Ren, Christian Rommel, Yi Liu
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modeling is a valuable strategy to achieve target inhibition as well as predictable and meaningful therapeutic efficacy. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) comprises two protein complexes, TORC1 and TORC2, which together regulate cell growth, metabolism, angiogenesis, and cell survival. Because TORC1 and TORC2 play a crucial role in several pathways that are frequently dysregulated in human cancer, the mTOR kinase is a compelling target for oncology drug development. Through rational drug design we have identified INK128, a potent and selective small molecule, ATP-competitive, active-site TORC1/2 kinase inhibitor with excellent drug-like properties. Inhibition of phosphorylation of S6 and 4EBP1, downstream markers of TORC1 signaling, was selected for PD analysis in peripheral blood cells (PBCs), skin tissue, and tumor tissue biopsy in mice xenograft tumor models. Time- and dose-dependent inhibition of S6 and 4EBP1 was demonstrated in PBCs by phospho-flow (FACS) analysis. Immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analysis demonstrated a correlation between S6 and 4EBP1 inhibition in tumors or skin tissue and antitumor effect. Additionally, site-selective inhibition of AKT phosphorylation at Ser473, the downstream substrate of TORC2, was also demonstrated in tumors and skin biopsies in mouse xenograft models. Our results demonstrate that daily, oral administration of INK128 selectively inhibits PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling at the level of TORC1/2, and show that INK128 inhibits growth, and in some cases induces regression, of various tumor xenograft models. Results from these studies display a clear pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic relationship. Moreover, the activity of several of these downstream markers can be reproducibly measured in human peripheral blood cells and may permit development of a PK/PD model that might assist to predict PBC and skin tissue PD marker inhibition time-profiles in patients. In summary, INK128 presents a compelling, biomarker-guided approach for the treatment of a variety of cancer by targeting TORC1/2 signaling. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1668.
Women's Sexual Experience: Explorations of the Dark Continent
Authors: J. B. Frank
Journal: JAMA (1982)

The editor of this volume, Martha Kirkpatrick, has compiled 15 articles covering widely different aspects of the sexual life of women in present-day America. Contributors range from authorities in medical research on human sexuality, through psychologists and sociologists, to laymen representing groups that concern themselves with matters such as the "swinging" life-style or the fate of teenaged prostitutes. The quality of the articles is similarly varied. In the interest of stimulating controversy, the editor has included some articles that contain frank misinformation, such as a journalist's discussion of the prophylaxis of venereal disease. However, the editorial comments that follow each article honestly point out the inadequacies and inaccuracies presented, providing a well-balanced perspective in most areas. Large-scale studies reporting systematically collected, well-validated data are relatively lacking, reflecting the present state of research on female sexuality, which is only beginning to emerge as a field of study distinct from the study
LRRK2 regulates synaptogenesis and dopamine receptor activation through modulation of PKA activity
Authors: Loukia Parisiadou, Jia Yu, Carmelo Sgobio, Chengsong Xie, Guoxiang Liu, Lixin Sun, Xing-Long Gu, Xian Lin, Nicole A Crowley, David M Lovinger, Huaibin Cai
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
Plastic Surgery of the Facial Skeleton
Authors: Joseph E. Murray
Journal: JAMA (1990)

This readable, easily handled, logical, and admittedly dogmatic single volume presents the extensive experience of the Craniofacial Anomalies Program of the University of Miami (Fla) School of Medicine. The two authors present a unified analysis of 250 patients with problems involving the face, "beginning with the chin and progressing upward through the jaws, orbital cavities, and skull." Dr Tessier states in the foreword, "This is a book that I should like to write because it reflects personal clinical experiences and the opinions drawn from them... based on common sense." The authors demonstrate their scholarship and curiosity in the first chapter, "<i>Dramatis Personae</i>," which describes the wide variety of surgeons and dentists from various countries who have contributed to this field. They then proceed with 19 more chapters, on the chin, mandible, maxilla, cleft lip and palate, combined mandible and maxillary procedures, orbital dystopia and tumors, and the cranium, to mention
Who's to blame for overcrowding in accident and emergency departments?
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The health secretary Jeremy Hunt blames general practitioners (GPs) for the overcrowding crisis in UK emergency departments,1 because GPs gave up responsibility for out of hours care in 2004. Is this fair? Before 2004, GPs had 24 hour responsibility for patient care. General practice has always been hard work, but demand and expectation were increasing unsustainably in the 1990s. Middle aged GPs (without the protection of junior staff) were often up through the night yet working the next day. Compared with hospital colleagues, the pay and status were poor. GPs were hugely undervalued. General practice was in crisis, with talk …
Role of lymphotoxin in expression of interleukin 6 in human fibroblasts. Stimulation and regulation.
Authors: M Akashi, A H Loussararian, D C Adelman, M Saito, H P Koeffler
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1990)

IL-6 is a cytokine with a number of biological functions, including stimulation of immunoglobulin synthesis and proliferation of early hematopoietic stem cells. We showed that lymphotoxin stimulated accumulation of IL-6 mRNA in human fibroblasts (W138) in a dose-responsive fashion; tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) was about threefold more potent than lymphotoxin. Further experiments suggested that stimulation by lymphotoxin was independent of protein kinase C activity, did not require new protein synthesis, and was at least in part a result of increased stabilization of IL-6 mRNA. t1/2 of the IL-6 transcripts increased from 0.3 h in unstimulated cells to 0.85 h in cells stimulated with lymphotoxin. In addition, stimulators of protein kinase C, including phorbol esters and teleocidin, enhanced accumulation of IL-6 mRNA. Cycloheximide (CHX), inhibitor of protein synthesis, also markedly increased levels of IL-6 mRNA. Both CHX and activators of protein kinase C increased by greater than 16-fold the stability of IL-6 mRNA. Further, dose-response studies showed that sodium fluoride (NaF), activator of G-binding proteins, and ouabain, inhibitor of Na+/H+ pump, increased levels of IL-6 mRNA. NaF stimulated IL-6 mRNA levels independent of protein kinase C activity. These results suggest that stimulators of several pathways of signal transduction increase levels of IL-6 mRNA and posttranscriptional stabilization is, in part, the mechanism that many of these signals, including lymphotoxin, use to increase levels of IL-6 RNA.
309 Tamoxifen retards hepatic fibrogenesis dose-dependently by suppressing transforming growth factor beta-1 expression in the experimental rat model
Authors: S.H. Ryu, Y.-H. Chung, J.A. Kim, M.H. Choi, S.H. Kim, S.A. Jung, N.H. Park, J.W. Shin, Y.S. Lim, H.C. Lee, Y.S. Lee, D.J. Suh
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2004)
A cost effective, community based heart health promotion project in England: prospective comparative study
Authors: T. Baxter, P. Milner, K. Wilson, M. Leaf, J. Nicholl, J. Freeman, N. Cooper
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine whether a community based coronary heart disease health promotion project, undertaken over four years, was associated with changes in the prevalence in adults of lifestyle risk factors known to affect the development of coronary heart disease, and to estimate whether such an approach was cost effective. <b>Design:</b> Prospective, comparative study of the effects of a health promotion intervention on coronary heart disease lifestyle risk factors, assessed by postal questionnaire sent to a randomly chosen sample, both at baseline and after four years. <b>Subjects:</b> Intervention and control populations of adults aged 18-64 in Rotherham, both from areas with a high incidence of coronary heart disease and similar socioeconomic composition. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Changes in prevalence of lifestyle risk factors between the control and intervention communities from 1991 to 1995. The effect of the intervention on certain lifestyle behaviours was evaluated using multiple logistic regression to model the proportion with a particular behaviour in the study communities as a function of age (18-40 or 41-64 years), sex, the year of observation (1991 or 1995), and area (intervention or control). <b>Results:</b> 6.9% fewer people smoked and 8.7% more drank low fat milk in the intervention area, but no other statistically significant changes between the areas were detected. The estimated cost per life year gained was £31. <b>Conclusions:</b> It is possible to have a cost effective impact on coronary heart disease lifestyle risk factors in a population of adults over four years using only modest resources. <h3>Key messages</h3> Little is known about the cost effectiveness of focused, heart disease health promotion projects in reducing cardiovascular risk factors over a short period in small populations of adults Research was undertaken to estimate the impact of a heart disease health promotion project—Action Heart—and relate the cost to estimates of health gain Major differences were observed in changes in prevalence of active smoking and consumption of low fat milk between the intervention and control areas over four years The estimated cost per life year gained was £31 Further research is required to ascertain whether the changes in risk factors will be sustained after the end of Action Heart
Tc-99m MDP Uptake in a Calcified Untreated Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of Spleen
Authors: PAUL KIM, TURGUT TUROGLU, M. FATIH AKISIK, SLEIMAN NADDAF, WALID S. OMAR, HUSSEIN M. ABDEL-DAYEM
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1997)

Calcification in untreated Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma is very rare. It is seen only after either radiation or chemotherapy. Three cases of calcified malignant lymphoma have been previously described in the literature. This report may be the first to describe Tc-99m MDP bone imaging and CT scanning of a calcified non-Hodgkin's lymphoma involving the spleen.
The Metabolic Syndrome, Inflammation, and Risk of Cognitive Decline
Authors: Kristine Yaffe, Alka Kanaya, Karla Lindquist, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Tamara Harris, Ronald I. Shorr, Frances A. Tylavsky, Anne B. Newman
Journal: JAMA (2004)

ContextSeveral studies have reported an association between the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Despite an increasing awareness that cardiovascular risk factors increase risk of cognitive decline and dementia, there are few data on the metabolic syndrome and cognition.ObjectiveTo determine if the metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for cognitive decline and if this association is modified by inflammation.Design and SettingA 5-year prospective observational study conducted from 1997 to 2002 at community clinics at 2 sites.ParticipantsA total of 2632 black and white elders (mean age, 74 years).Main Outcome MeasuresAssociation of the metabolic syndrome (measured using National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines) and high inflammation (defined as above median serum level of interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein) with change in cognition (Modified Mini-Mental State Examination [3MS]) at 3 and 5 years. Cognitive impairment was defined as at least a 5-point decline.ResultsCompared with those without the metabolic syndrome (n = 1616), elders with the metabolic syndrome (n = 1016) were more likely to have cognitive impairment (26% vs 21%, multivariate adjusted relative risk [RR], 1.20; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-1.41). There was a statistically significant interaction with inflammation and the metabolic syndrome (P = .03) on cognitive impairment. After stratifying for inflammation, those with the metabolic syndrome and high inflammation (n = 348) had an increased likelihood of cognitive impairment compared with those without the metabolic syndrome (multivariate adjusted RR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.19-2.32). Those with the metabolic syndrome and low inflammation (n = 668) did not exhibit an increased likelihood of impairment (multivariate adjusted RR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.89-1.30). Stratified multivariate random-effects models demonstrated that participants with the metabolic syndrome and high inflammation had greater 4-year decline on 3MS (P = .04) compared with those without the metabolic syndrome, whereas those with the metabolic syndrome and low inflammation did not (P = .44).ConclusionThese findings support the hypothesis that the metabolic syndrome contributes to cognitive impairment in elders, but primarily in those with high level of inflammation.
Agent Orange and Skin Rash— A Different Experience
Authors: Dennis A. Weigand
Journal: JAMA (1980)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Gilbert Bogen, MD, writes (242:2391, 1979) that 85% of a group of Vietnam war veterans exposed to Agent Orange experienced a resistant "rash," presumably caused by Agent Orange. This differs greatly from my experience. Over the past four months, I have examined 16 veterans with histories of Agent Orange exposure, at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Oklahoma City. The intensities of exposures among these patients varied from a single, mild, indirect exposure to affected vegetation, to repeated, heavy, direct cutaneous exposures over a three-year period. Only two of the patients experienced any indication of skin disease at the time of exposure. One reported a transient burning sensation on exposed skin, and another reported transient burning and redness. None of them, at the time of my examination, related any history of a subsequent eruption that might have been caused by a chemical irritant, nor did any exhibit
Lymphangioma of the Thoracic Duct
Authors: Noble Correll, Conrad Fischer
Journal: JAMA (1962)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In 1956, Maurer<sup>1</sup>reported the successful removal of a lymphangioma of the thoracic duct which, as far as we have determined, is the only previous report of this tumor. Our purpose is to report another surgically proven lymphangioma of the thoracic duct presenting, as did Maurer's case, with spontaneous right chylothorax. A brief summary of the pertinent details follows: A 47-year-old obese woman, well, except for hypertension for many years, developed the gradual onset of shortness of breath in mid December, 1961. She was found to have a sterile chylous pleural effusion on the right. No malignant cells could be found. After thoracentesis she remained asymptomatic for 3 weeks with no reaccumulation of the fluid. However, a month after the initial onset of symptoms, she had a rapid reaccumulation of chylous effusion and was readmitted to the hospital for further evaluation and treatment. She was found
P1161 PERI-TRANSPLANT TREATMENT WITH ANTI-HCV E2 HUMAN MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY MBL-HCV1 IN COMBINATION WITH A PROTEASE INHIBITOR RESULTS IN UNDETECTABLE HCVRNA IN THE EARLY POST-TRANSPLANT PERIOD
Authors: M.P. Curry, H.L. Smith, R.T. Chung, T.D. Schiano, W.C. Chapman, P.S. Mantry, K.A. Brown, D.C. Molrine
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
OUTBREAK OF SALMONELLA NAPOLI INFECTION CAUSED BY CONTAMINATED CHOCOLATE BARS
Authors: O.N. Gill, C.L.R. Bartlett, P.N. Sockett, M.S.B. Vaile, B. Rowe, R.J. Gilbert, C. Dulake, H.C. Murrell, S. Salmaso
Journal: The Lancet (1983)
Transition metals redox: reviving an old plot for diabetic vascular disease
Authors: Vincent M. Monnier
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2001)

Considerable effort over the past 25 years has focused on the role of oxidant stress in aging and in the pathogenesis of age-related diseases — diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, end-stage renal disease, and atherosclerosis, among others. Research on redox signaling and the chemistry of the aging process has led to major insights, including the identification of oxidant stress–responsive transcription factors, such as NF-κB, which regulate tissue remodeling and therefore control the progression of pathological lesions; the role of mitochondria in generating reactive oxygen species and activating apoptotic pathways; the role of sulfhydryl homeostasis in redox signaling; and the development of mass spectrometry methods to identify and quantify protein damage in aging or stressed tissues.

Because of the prevalence and the dire consequences of the diseases involved, the stakes in this field are high. However, despite the great interest in developing drugs that might block oxidant or carbonyl stress, clinical studies involving antioxidant or carbonyl-trapping agents have had mixed success, suggesting a greater degree of complexity than anticipated. Thus, in the diabetic rat, treatment with various antioxidants or carbonyl-trapping agents has had impressive effects in delaying, if not altogether preventing, complications of diabetes such as cataracts, retinopathy, nephropathy, vascular abnormalities, nerve conduction velocity, plasma lipid oxidation, and fetal malformations. In the diabetic human, conversely, while intra-arterial infusion of vitamin C improved endothelium-dependent vasodilation (1) and oral intake of vitamin E improved retinal blood flow and creatinine clearance (2), chronic treatment with vitamin E did not reduce cardiovascular risk (3). Similarly, the antioxidant α-lipoic acid decreased plasma hydroperoxides in diabetic subjects but had equivocal efficacy in polyneuropathy and cardiac autonomic neuropathy (4, 5). A similar “antioxidant paradox” has also been observed in other diseases associated with oxidant stress (6).
Inflammatory Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Infected by Campylobacter fetus
Authors: Alan T. Marty
Journal: JAMA (1983)

THE ORGANISM<i>Campylobacter fetus</i>exhibits a peculiar propensity to infect vascular endothelium.<i>Campylobacter</i>endocarditis and septic thrombophlebitis have already been seen,<sup>1-3</sup>as has the secondary infection of a femoral artery aneurysm.<sup>4</sup>However, until now, diagnoses of<i>Campylobacter</i>infections in abdominal aortic aneurysms have only been made at autopsy.<sup>5</sup>One additional fatal case has been documented by the Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, but the case report has not yet been published. This article demonstrates that inflammatory variant abdominal aortic aneurysms can be culture-positive—a fact hitherto unrecognized, although many physicians have tried to grow organisms from aneurysm cultures<sup>6,7</sup>and that<i>Campylobacter</i>aortic infection can be successfully treated by a one-stage surgical repair combined with administration of antibiotics. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 54-year-old man had excruciating back pain and fever. Eighteen days earlier he had undergone uneventful quintuple aortocoronary artery bypass grafting for unstable angina pectoris and
TREATMENT OF PARAPSORIASIS
Authors: C. RASCH, W. Jenkins Oliver.
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1923)

Journal Article TREATMENT OF PARAPSORIASIS Get access C. RASCH, C. RASCH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Jenkins Oliver. W. Jenkins Oliver. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 35, Issue 10, 1 October 1923, Pages 369–370, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1923.tb09064.x Published: 01 October 1923
1063-65 Coronary blood flow velocity and myocardial perfusion with balloon occlusion and filter-based distal protection devices in saphenous vein graft stenting: Early experience of two centers
Authors: Giora Weisz, Amir Halkin, Costantino O Costantini, Iassan Michev, Arlene Reyes, Issam Moussa, Zoran Lasic, Tudor Vagaonescu, Vladimir Illic, Martin B Leon, Antonio Colombo, Jeffrey W Moses
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)
Visceral Leishmaniasis in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Authors: Juan Berenguer
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1989)

In an 8-month period nine patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were diagnosed as having visceral leishmaniasis; all diagnoses were based on cultures (eight from bone marrow and one from the skin). Visceral leishmaniasis developed before full-blown acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in seven patients and at the same time as or after AIDS in the other two patients. Three patients had a history of leishmaniasis. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings were atypical. Leishmania species were cultured from samples taken from all patients; however, six patients had an insignificant antileishmanial antibody titer and Leishmania amastigotes were not seen in their bone marrow smears. Four isolates were identified by isoenzyme analysis as Leishmania donovani infantum. Five patients died, including two patients who had completed at least one 3-week course of therapy with N-methylglucamine antimoniate. Screening should be done for visceral leishmaniasis in patients with HIV infection who live or travel in areas where the disease is endemic. The diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis may frequently be missed if cultures are not done.