tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ACOSOG Z0010: A multicenter prognostic study of sentinel node (SN) and bone marrow (BM) micrometastases in women with clinical T1/T2 N0 M0 breast cancer.
Authors: R. Cote, A. E. Giuliano, D. Hawes, K. V. Ballman, P. W. Whitworth, P. W. Blumencranz, D. S. Reintgen, M. Morrow, A. M. Leitch, K. Hunt
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

CRA504 Background: SN biopsy (SNB) with immunohistochemistry (IHC) of histologically negative SN identifies metastases (mets) not seen by standard histology. The impact of IHC-detected BM mets has been reported in several large single-institution studies. 5,539 patients (pts) were entered into this prospective multicenter observational study to determine the clinical significance of SN and BM mets. Methods: Patients underwent lumpectomy and SNB with bilateral iliac crest BM aspiration. BM and histologically negative SN were evaluated with IHC in a central laboratory (results not clinically reported). Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival, and locoregional recurrence were determined. Results with OS (the primary endpoint) are reported here. Results: SN were successfully identified in 5,184 of 5,485 pts (94.5%). Histologic SN mets were found in 1,239 pts (23.9%). IHC detected an additional 350 pts (10.5%) with SN mets. BM mets were identified by IHC in 105 of 3491 examined (3.0%). 5-yr overall survival is shown in the Table . BM IHC positivity significantly predicted decreased OS (p=0.015). A multivariable analysis that included SN and BM status, ER, PR, grade, size, and age showed that neither IHC detected mets in SN (p=0.66) or BM (p=0.08) were independent predictors of OS, although BM status showed a strong trend. Conclusions: The detection of BM mets by IHC in pts with clinical T1/2 N0M0 breast cancer identifies those pts at significantly increased risk for death; the impact of BM mets on outcome supports and confirms prior studies. In this study, SN IHC-detected mets appear to have no significant impact on OS. The routine examination of SN by IHC is not supported in this patient population by this study. [Table: see text] [Table: see text]
Qualitative research in systematic reviews
Authors: M. Dixon-Woods, R. Fitzpatrick
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The recent publication by the NHS Centre for Reviews and Dissemination of the second edition of the guidance on undertaking systematic reviews of research on effectiveness deserves to be warmly welcomed, for many reasons.1 Perhaps chief among these is the increased recognition given to the diverse types of evidence that can contribute to systematic reviews. This suggests that the rigid insistence on controlled trials as the sole source of evidence on effectiveness that characterised the beginnings of the evidence based healthcare movement is fading. Qualitative research is now given explicit consideration in the new guidance. This is consistent with other recent recommendations emphasising the contribution of qualitative evidence to healthcare evaluation.2 The argument for giving a place to qualitative research in systematic reviews seems to have been won. There remain several issues, however, that need to be addressed in making the role of qualitative evidence in reviews more systematic.

The move to recognise the potential value of qualitative research could do much to address …
The expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and the beta 1-integrins in asthma
Authors: ND Manolitsas, CJ Trigg, AE McAulay, JH Wang, SE Jordan, AJ D'Ardenne, RJ Davies
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) appears to be important to the development of bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eosinophilia in Ascaris sensitized monkeys. Beta 1-integrins are expressed on epithelial cells, and may contribute to adherence of epithelial cells to the basement membrane. The aim of this study was to determine whether adhesion receptor expression was altered in human asthmatic bronchial epithelium. Using monoclonal antibody staining, we have examined the expression of ICAM-1 and the alpha 1-alpha 6-subunits of the beta 1-integrin family in bronchial mucosal biopsies from 33 asthmatic and 13 nonasthmatic subjects. The epithelium was positive for ICAM-1 in 26 out of 33 asthmatics, although negative in all 13 nonasthmatics. ICAM-1 expression was not associated with bronchial responsiveness or with medication requirements. Beta 1-integrin staining showed that alpha 2-, alpha 3- and alpha 6-subunits stained the epithelium in all cases. Alpha 4 staining was weakly positive in the epithelium in five asthmatics. Alpha 5 staining was weak in asthmatics and normals. Alpha 4 and alpha 6-subunits also stained inflammatory cells. Epithelial upregulation of ICAM-1 is present in asthma. Beta 1-integrins with alpha 2-, alpha 3- and alpha 6-subunits appear to be constitutively expressed in bronchial epithelium.
Are the Current Risks of Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Exaggerated?
Authors: Seemant Chaturvedi, Ralph L. Sacco
Journal: JAMA Neurology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Neurology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Neurology journal
Narrowband ultraviolet B three times per week is more effective in treating vitamin D deficiency than 1600 IU oral vitamin D3 per day: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: M.K.B. Bogh, J. Gullstrand, A. Svensson, B. Ljunggren, M. Dorkhan
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

It is known that narrowband ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) radiation and oral vitamin D(3) supplementation can both improve serum levels of vitamin D, expressed as 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [25(OH)D(3) ]. However, surprisingly few studies have compared the effects of the two interventions in treating vitamin D deficiency.To compare the effect of NB-UVB exposure with oral vitamin D(3) supplementation on vitamin D levels in patients with vitamin D deficiency.Seventy-three participants with vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D(3) ≤ 25 nmol L(-1) ] were consecutively enrolled from February 2010 to May 2011, avoiding the summer period (June to September). The participants were randomized into two groups, one receiving full body NB-UVB exposure three times per week, the other receiving 1600 IU (40 μg) oral vitamin D(3) per day together with 1,000 mg calcium. Thirty-two participants completed the 6-week study period, 16 in each group. In both groups blood samples were obtained at baseline and after 3 and 6 weeks.We found a significantly greater increase in 25(OH)D(3) levels (mean) in the NB-UVB treated group (from 19·2 to 75 nmol L(-1) ) compared with the oral vitamin D(3) treated group (from 23·3 to 60·6 nmol L(-1) ) after 6 weeks of treatment (P = 0·02), accompanied by a significant decrease in parathyroid hormone for the whole group (from 5·3 to 4·2 pmol L(-1) , P = 0·028).Full body NB-UVB three times per week is more effective in treating vitamin D deficiency than prescription of a daily oral intake of 1600 IU (40 μg) vitamin D(3) .
The role of vitamin D in the immunopathogenesis of allergic skin diseases
Authors: A. A. Benson, J. A. Toh, N. Vernon, S. P. Jariwala
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Benson AA, Toh JA, Vernon N, Jariwala SP. The role of vitamin D in the immunopathogenesis of allergic skin diseases. Allergy 2012; 67 : 296–301. Abstract Vitamin D plays key roles in innate and adaptive immunity through the stimulation of Toll‐like receptors, increasing pro‐inflammatory cytokine production, and possibly enhancing T helper type 2 responses. These mechanisms may explain the growing body of evidence connecting vitamin D to allergic diseases, including asthma, food allergies, and allergic rhinitis. The data relating vitamin D to allergic skin diseases are equivocal with studies linking both high and low vitamin D levels to an increased risk of developing atopic dermatitis. In this paper, we describe the role of vitamin D in the immunopathogenesis of atopic dermatitis and other allergic skin diseases.
Laboratory-based surveillance in the molecular era: the TYPENED model, a joint data-sharing platform for clinical and public health laboratories
Authors: H G Niesters, J W Rossen, H van der Avoort, D Baas, K Benschop, E C Claas, A Kroneman, N van Maarseveen, S Pas, W van Pelt, J C Rahamat-Langendoen, R Schuurman, H Vennema, L Verhoef, K Wolthers, M Koopmans
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2013)

Binary file ES_Abstracts_Final_ECDC.txt matches
Platelet-derived growth factor-beta mRNA in human alveolar macrophages in vivo in asthma
Authors: IK Taylor, M Sorooshian, A Wangoo, AR Haynes, S Kotecha, DM Mitchell, RJ Shaw
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1994)

Collagen deposition and myofibroblast proliferation beneath the epithelial basement membrane in patients with asthma is now increasingly recognized, although the molecular pathogenesis remains obscure. We have evaluated messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of the profibrotic cytokine, platelet-derived growth factor-beta (PDGF-beta), in alveolar macrophages obtained following fibreoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with asthma. Three subject groups were studied: 1) asthmatics using regular inhaled glucocorticoid medication (ASTST, n = 9), 2) asthmatics using intermittent inhaled beta 2-agonist therapy only (ASTBR, n = 10); 3) nonasthmatic control volunteers (n = 10). Alveolar macrophage mRNA was extracted and PDGF-beta mRNA quantified by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (RT-PCR) and expressed as the ratio to that of a control gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). There were no significant differences in PDGF-beta mRNA expression between the groups, or between all asthmatic (n = 19) and control subjects. Furthermore, there was no correlation between alveolar macrophage PDGF-beta mRNA expression and airway spirometry, or duration of glucocorticoid usage or dose. Thus, in contrast to other fibrotic lung diseases, we found little evidence of enhanced expression of PDGF-beta mRNA in alveolar macrophages in clinically stable bronchial asthma.
Ann McNeill and colleagues reply to Martin McKee and Simon Capewell
Authors: Ann McNeill, L S Brose, R Calder, S C Hitchman, P Hajek, H McRobbie
Journal: BMJ (2015)

McKee and Capewell recently criticised Public Health England’s position on e-cigarettes (ECs)1 and our underlying report2 in the Lancet ,3 the media,4 and now The BMJ .5 Their statement “directors of public health and the wider community desperately need advice on EC that is evidence based and free from any suspicion of influence by vested interests”5 is offensive.

We have an extensive track record of research dedicated to understanding smoking behaviour and population and individual approaches to help smokers stop and prevent uptake of smoking; we have published hundreds of primary research articles on smoking, nicotine, and ECs; and we have years of clinical experience in smoking cessation. We have never taken any tobacco or EC industry funds. By contrast, McKee and Capewell are not experts in this field—they have carried out no nicotine dependence, smoking cessation, or EC …
Abstract P025: Perceived Stress and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: a 35-Year Follow-up Study of Middle Aged Swedish Men
Authors: Masuma Novak
Journal: Circulation (2012)

OBJECTIVE_ To explore the incidence cases of diabetes over 35 years of follow-up in middle-aged Swedish men in relation to their severity of stress at baseline. RESEARCH DESIGHN AND METHODS_ This was a population-based random sample of 7 495 men derived from the Primary Prevention cohort study (Gothenburg) aged 47-55 years and without prior history of diabetes at baseline (1970-1973). Self-perceived psychological stress during the previous years was assessed with a single-item in the questionnaire. Incident diabetes from hospital discharge and death registries was collected during the 35 years follow-up. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate association of stress with incidence of diabetes. RESULTS_ During the follow up of 35 years, 884 men developed diabetes. The crude incidence rate was 46.32 per 1000 persons-years. At baseline, 15.5% men reported to experience permanent stress. The age-adjusted cumulative incidence of type diabetes in men who had permanent stress was 16%, compared with 12% for those with no or periodic stress. In age-adjusted Cox regression analysis, men with permanent stress had a higher risk of diabetes incident (hazard ratio 1.52 [95% CI 1.26-1.82]) compared with men with periodic or no stress (referent). The excess risk of diabetes incident associated with permanent stress remained significant after adjusting for age, socioeconomic status (SES), smoking, physical inactivity, alcohol abuse, height, BMI, serum-cholesterol, hypertension, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS_ Perceived permanent stress in middle aged Swedish men was an important long-term predictor of diabetes incidence. The association of stress was independent of SES, lifestyle and other conventional type 2 diabetes risk factors. The significant impact of stress on diabetes, as demonstrated in this study, emphasizes need for prevention strategies including intervention programmes for people with permanent stress.
Abstract 3418: Infarct-Related Myocardial Edema Detected by Diffusion-Weighted Imaging; Comparison with T2-Weighted imaging
Authors: Satoshi Okayama, Shiro Uemura, Kenji Onoue, Yasuhiro Takemoto, Satoshi Somekawa, Ken-ichi Ishigami, Yukiji Takeda, Hiroyuki Kawata, Manabu Horii, Tamio Nakajima, Yoshihiko Saito
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Cardiac MRI permits diagnosis with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) by detection of infarct-related myocardial edema (IRME) on black-blood T2-weighted images (T2WIs), and myocardial scar on delayed-enhanced images (DEs). Diffusion-weighted image (DWI) is an established method for detection of cerebral infarction edema, but few reports are available on detection of IRME. Objective: To detect IRME using DWIs, and compare the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) with T2WIs. Methods: Cardiac MRI was performed on a 1.5T scanner (SIEMENS Avanto, Erlangen, Germany) in 12 AMI patients within 14 days after successful reperfusion. T2WIs were acquired using a double inversion-recovery fast-spin echo sequence. DWIs were acquired using combined cardiac and respiratory gated single-shot echo-planar sequence with a b-value of 50 s/mm 2 . DEs were acquired using an inversion-recovery segmented gradient-echo sequence, fifteen minutes after administering 0.15 mmol/kg gadolinium-DTPA. CNR was calculated in the T2WIs and DWIs using the following formula: CNR = (signal intensity[ME]-signal intensity[M]) / SD(B), where ME = myocardial edema, M = myocardium, and SD(B) =standard deviation of background signal intensity. Results: IRME was detected on T2WIs, and myocardial scar on DEs in all patients. DWIs revealed an area of significantly increased signal intensity in the same region identified as IRME on T2WIs in all patients. The CNR of DWIs (78.9 ± 44.5) was significantly higher than those of T2WIs (31.5 ± 23.3) (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Our findings indicate that low b-value DWI provides better contrast in infarct-related myocardial edema than T2WIs.
Prediction of Ventricular Arrhythmias by Mechanical Dispersion in Patients After Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Kristine H. Haugaa, Marit Kristine Smedsrud, Torkel Steen, Erik Kongsgaard, Jan Pal Loennechen, Terje Skjaerpe, Jens-Uwe Voigt, Rik Willems, Gunnar Smith, Otto A. Smiseth, Jan P. Amlie, Thor Edvardsen
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Adverse events associated with mefloquine
Authors: E L Corbett, J F Doherty, R H Behrens
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Table 1-Result of Medline search for "case-control studies," "questionnaires," and "family practice" 1992-6 MeSH heading No of citations 1 Case-control studies 9172 2 Questionnaires 14 786 3 Family practice 6863 1+3 21 2+3 548questionnaire studies to case-control studies was 1.6:1, whereas for family practice the ratio was 26:1.The time has come to redress the balance and move on from placing too much emphasis on questionnaire surveys as a quantitative method of research in general pracitice.
Lesson of the week: Mediterranean spotted fever mimicking Kawasaki disease
Authors: D. R Jenkins, J. C Rees, C. Pollitt, A. Cant, A W Craft
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Lung cancer, the most prevalent cancer in the Western world, is mainly caused by smoking.Nevertheless, only 20% of smokers develop lung cancer and while prevention is important, environmental factors are expected to contribute to the predicted rise in the incidence of lung cancer in the next 25 years.Survival of lung cancer is still poor, and new treatments are urgently needed.This review examines potential new therapeutic developments which have arisen from a greater understanding of the molecular and cellular biology of lung cancers.
The Folic Acid Rescue Strategy
Authors: Yona Amitai, Gideon Koren
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Abstract 446: Selective Activation of G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor GPR30 Inhibits Vasoconstriction and Induces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell ERK1/2 Phosphorylation
Authors: Indranil Bhattacharya, Marlen Damjanovic, Stefanie Hirsiger, Elriva Haas, Andre Gut, Laurence Mueller-Guerre, Reto Henggeler, Roberta Minotti, Eric R Prossnitz, Matthias Barton
Journal: Circulation (2007)
Psychotherapy for severe personality disorder
Authors: R. Haigh, A. W Bateman, P. Fonagy, S Pearce, C Dare, G. Parry, S. Kisely
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—Kisely bases his ideas of what comprises a therapeutic community on a model that has undergone considerable evolution and development over 50 years.1 The Henderson Hospital and its offshoots are based on a specific type of therapeutic community, which started the social psychiatry movement after the second world war. Although it still provides a robust and effective treatment, several other types of therapeutic community are now used in the treatment of severe personality disorder.

Perhaps the most radical departure is to run the programmes as day services, as occurs in Reading. Francis Dixon Lodge in Leicester does not use small group therapy, and the Cassell Hospital is unusual in incorporating individual psychotherapy in the programme. Research is clearly needed, but the methodological difficulties are formidable. The treatment is complex and volatile and is delivered in very different ways; patient drop out is often part of the clinical process, long term follow up is essential, and measuring robust and useful personality change is difficult.

Randomised controlled trials are being considered, for day units as well as the new Henderson units, but they will not answer the question “Is a different type of therapeutic community better than this one?” or “What is going on here that is important?” As each therapeutic community differs considerably from every other, findings from randomised controlled trials will be difficult to generalise. And as evolution in response to the administrative environment is part of the therapeutic process of these communities, they could not be considered therapeutic communities if they were exactly defined and not allowed to change.

A project funded by the National Lottery and covering 10 centres is under way to isolate the “active ingredients” across a range of therapeutic communities for severe personality disorder. It is being coordinated by the Association of Therapeutic Communities and should help to define meaningful outcomes and identify relevant processes. The methodology is path analytic structural equation modelling. This is much more complex than a randomised controlled trial and, in the hierarchy of acceptable evidence, is not far below it. The protocol is available at www.pettarchiv.org.uk/atc-protocol.htm .

In his commentary on the article Pelosi writes in a belittling way of people with personality disorder. They have nearly always suffered extreme disturbance of emotional development (usually neglect, trauma, abuse, or loss in early life) and find it difficult to establish and sustain a normal life. To describe deeply disturbed people in the way that he does is surely unprofessional.
Effects of vertical opening on upper airway dimensions during drug-induced sleep endoscopy in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Anneclaire Vroegop, Olivier Vanderveken, Paul Van de Heyning, Marc Braem
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) is performed in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) to locate the level(s) of upper airway (UA) collapse. The procedure is often completed with a chin-lift maneuver. In this study, additionally the effects of vertical opening (VO) on UA collapsibility were video-endoscopically assessed and categorized as adverse (increased collapsibility of UA), indifferent (persistent UA collapse) or positive (no residual collapse).

Results: 40 patients [80% male; age 48±9 y; apnea/hypopnea index 16±12/h; body mass index 26±3 kg/m2] were included: 32 patients (80%) showed an adverse effect of VO (figure 1; 1-3-5: no vertical opening, 2-4-6: vertical opening), 1 patient (2,5%) a positive effect and 7 patients (17,5%) an indifferent effect.

![Figure][1] 



Discussion: In the literature, the effect of VO on UA collapse is unclear and the therapeutic impact of VO is not determined. The results of the present study indicate that the effect of VO on the degree of UA collapse as assessed during DISE tends to be adverse, causing collapse in the majority of patients.

 [1]: pending:yes