tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Sir William Osler. Memorial Number. Appreciations and Reminiscences.
Authors: Maude E. Abbott, Minnie Wright Blogg
Journal: JAMA (1926)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Asthma incidence in a national sample of Canadian adolescents
Authors: Joshua Lawson, Ian Janssen, Alomgir Hossain, Mark Bruner, William Pickett
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Estimates of asthma incidence and its determinants have rarely been obtained from rural regions, especially in adolescent populations.   Objective:  To compare the incidence of asthma among Canadian adolescents in rural and urban regions and to examine the determinants of asthma incidence.   Methods:  We used data from the National Population Health Survey (NPHS), a nationally representative longitudinal survey of Canadians. The NPHS uses a complex survey design with data collected every 2 years since 1994/95. The NPHS collects information on socio-demographics and some health behaviours. All persons aged 12-18 years without asthma in Cycle 1 were followed until a reported diagnosis of asthma or censoring up to Cycle 7. Rural residence was defined by living in an area of  400 people/km 2 . Incidence and Cox regression analyses were population weighted and bootstrapping procedures were used to estimate variances.   Results:  This sample represented 2,482,610 adolescents of whom 293,445 developed asthma. Approximately 19% of the cohort was rural living at baseline. The incidence of asthma was approximately 10.2 per 1000 person-years and was higher in urban dwellers than rural dwellers (10.9 vs. 7.7 per 1000 person-years). In adjusted analysis, rural residence was not associated with asthma development [Hazard ratio (HR)=0.58, 95%CI=0.25-1.32, p=0.19]. Being female and being exposed to passive smoking were both associated with the development of asthma (p   Conclusions:  Unlike results from younger children, a rural dwelling was not protective of developing asthma among adolescents, despite showing a trend. Asthma prevention initiatives for adolescents should target girls and focus on smoking exposure.
Abstract 13855: The Impact of Plasma Levels of Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-products and High Mobility Group Box 1 in Patients With Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Satoshi Suzuki, Kazuhiko Nakazato, Koichi Sugimoto, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Takayoshi Yamaki, Hiroyuki Kunii, Hitoshi Suzuki, Shu-ichi Saitoh, Yasuchika Takeishi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: In pulmonary hypertension (PH), the increase of pulmonary artery pressure by vasoconstriction, remodeling of small pulmonary arteries, and chronic pulmonary thromboembolism result in right ventricular failure and ultimately death. Nuclear protein, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), stabilizes nucleosome, and on release into extracellular environment, HMGB1 acts as a pro-inflammatory cytokine by activating pattern recognition receptors including receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE). HMGB1 is one of endogenous ligands of RAGE, and HMGB1 and RAGE are ubiquitously expressed in various organs. Several reports have recently revealed that RAGE is expressed in pulmonary artery in patients with PH, and HMGB1 contributes to migration of vascular smooth muscle cells in PH patient. The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical significance of circulating levels of HMGB1 and RAGE in patients with PH. Methods and Results: Plasma levels of HMGB1 and soluble RAGE were measured in 33 patients with PH (9 in idiopathic PH, 7 in PH related to collagen disease, 9 in chronic thromboembolic PH (CTEPH), 8 in others) and 30 normal subjects as control. Plasma levels of HMGB1 were not difference between PH patients and control subjects, however, plasma levels of soluble RAGE were significantly higher in patients with PH than in control (1464.2 vs. 831.7 pg/ml, P=0.008). Plasma soluble RAGE levels were higher in idiopathic PH (P&lt;0.001), PH related to collagen disease (P=0.050), and CTEPH (P=0.002) than control. In addition, there was statistically significant positive correlation between pressure gradient of tricuspid valve and plasma level of soluble RAGE (R=0.403, P=0.019). Conclusions: Plasma levels of soluble RAGE, but not HMGB1, might be a novel marker which reflects the pathological conditions in patients with PH.
Evidence-Based Guidelines Needed for Osteoporosis Screening and Treatment
Authors: Bridget M Kuehn
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Alzheimer's Disease: Activity-Focused Care
Authors: Carly R. Hellen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Activity-Focused Alzheimer's Care Maintaining Personhood: Psychosocial Aspects of Support LifeStory Book: LifePreserver for LifeAffirmation Communication: Understanding and Being Understood Daily Living Care Activities Eating and Mealtimes: An Activity of Consequence Physical Wellness: Mobility and Exercise Behaviors: Understanding, Creative Interventions, and Refocusing Meaningful Activities: Daily Life Stuff Expressions of Intimacy: Giving and Receiving Affection Spirituality: Compassionate Connectedness and Well-Being Terminal Care: Final Storm Weathered Family Caregivers: Needs, Partnership, and Support Ability-Centered Plan-of-Care Glossary of Terms for Residents with Dementia
Abstract 17223: The Risk of Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias or Death in Black and White Cardiac Patients - a MADIT-CRT Sub-Study
Authors: avi sabbag, Ilan Goldenberg, Arthur Moss, Scott McNitt, Slava Polonsky, Wojciech Zareba, Valentina Kutyifa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Previous sub-study from MADIT-CRT showed attenuated effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in blacks vs. whites to reduce heart failure or death. However, the effect of race on ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VTA) is unknown. Objectives: This study sought to analyze the risk of life threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias or death in black and white subjects implanted with implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) or defibrillator and combined cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT-D), enrolled in MADIT-CRT. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that black patients have a higher risk of VTA’s or death, independent of treatment assignment. Methods: The risk for first VTA’s (<180 beats/min) or death was evaluated in black versus white patients using Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and Cox proportional hazards regression models after adjustment for relevant clinical covariates. Results: A total of 139 (8%) black patients were included in the current analysis of which 84 (60%) received a CRT-D....
Drug points: Hepatotoxicity associated with herbal tablets
Authors: P A G M De Smet, A J M Van Den Eertwegh, W Lesterhuis, B H C. Stricker
Journal: BMJ (1996)

On 29 March 1994 a 69 year old woman who was taking levothyroxine (0.1 mg/day) and ibuprofen (400 mg/day) presented to her general practitioner with nausea, pruritus, dark urine, pale stools, and yellow sclerae after six weeks of daily self treatment with 6-15 herbal tablets. These were labelled Venencapsan and industrially prepared for one pharmacy from horse chestnut leaf, milfoil, celandine, sweet clover, milk thistle, and dandelion root with herb. Liver function was abnormal on 14 April but …
CXCL12 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Synergistically Induce Neoangiogenesis in Human Ovarian Cancers
Authors: Ilona Kryczek, Andrzej Lange, Peter Mottram, Xavier Alvarez, Pui Cheng, Melina Hogan, Lieve Moons, Shuang Wei, Linhua Zou, Véronique Machelon, Dominique Emilie, Margarita Terrassa, Andrew Lackner, Tyler J. Curiel, Peter Carmeliet, Weiping Zou
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Ovarian carcinomas have a poor prognosis, often associated with multifocal i.p. dissemination accompanied by intense neovascularization. To examine tumor angiogenesis in the tumor microenvironment, we studied malignant ascites and tumors of patients with untreated ovarian carcinoma. We observed that malignant ascites fluid induced potent in vivo neovascularization in Matrigel assay. We detected a sizable amount of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) in malignant ascites. However, pathologic concentration of VEGF is insufficient to induce in vivo angiogenesis. We show that ovarian tumors strongly express CXC chemokine stromal-derived factor (SDF-1/CXCL12). High concentration of CXCL12, but not the pathologic concentration of CXCL12 induces in vivo angiogenesis. Strikingly, pathologic concentrations of VEGF and CXCL12 efficiently and synergistically induce in vivo angiogenesis. Migration, expansion, and survival of vascular endothelial cells (VEC) form the essential functional network of angiogenesis. We further provide a mechanistic basis for explaining the interaction between CXCL12 and VEGF. We show that VEGF up-regulates the receptor for CXCL12, CXCR4 expression on VECs, and synergizes CXCL12-mediated VEC migration. CXCL12 synergizes VEGF-mediated VEC expansion and synergistically protects VECs from sera starvation-induced apoptosis with VEGF. Finally, we show that hypoxia synchronously induces tumor CXCL12 and VEGF production. Therefore, hypoxia triggered tumor CXCL12 and VEGF form a synergistic angiogenic axis in vivo. Hypoxia-induced signals would be the important factor for initiating and maintaining an active synergistic angiogeneic pathway mediated by CXCL12 and VEGF. Thus, interrupting this synergistic axis, rather than VEGF alone, will be a novel efficient antiangiogenesis strategy to treat cancer.
Reacting to terrorism
Authors: D. Holdstock
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The first reactions of almost everyone to the atrocities in New York and Washington must have been horror and sadness, followed, understandably, by anger, fear and, for many, the urge for revenge. Deep sympathy for the victims and their families will continue, but there will be controversy over the relative role of military action and of a more measured response.

Military action has begun. Currently this is being directed at the Taliban's (fairly limited) armed forces and al-Qaida training camps. There are said to be no immediate plans for undercover “special forces” to capture Osama bin Laden. Calls for a massive attack on other countries supporting Islamic terrorists, including Iraq, Lebanon, and Syria, seem to have subsided. Even this more limited strategy has drawbacks. There have already been deaths; time will show how many of these are Taliban fighters and how many civilians. All will be regarded as martyrs, and revenge for their killings will lead to more terrorist violence. This process has been called the cycle of violence1: we constantly see it at work in Israel/Palestine. Secondly, Afghanistan …
Novel filaggrin mutation but no other loss-of-function variants found in Ethiopian patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: M.C.G. Winge, K.D. Bilcha, A. Liedén, D. Shibeshi, A. Sandilands, C.-F. Wahlgren, W.H.I. McLean, M. Nordenskjöld, M. Bradley
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Filaggrin is a key protein involved in maintaining skin barrier function and hydration. Mutations in the filaggrin gene (FLG) cause ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) and are a major predisposing factor for atopic dermatitis (AD) in individuals of European and Asian descent. It has been proposed that FLG mutations are population specific and a difference in the spectra of mutations between different ancestral groups has been described. However, it is unknown whether FLG mutations in the African population are a causative genetic factor for IV and predispose to AD, or whether other mechanisms are more prominent.The present aim was to investigate the role of FLG mutations as predisposing factors for IV or AD among individuals from Ethiopia.A case series of Ethiopian patients with AD (n = 103) and IV (n = 7) together with controls (n = 103; subjects without past or present history of AD, dry skin or atopic manifestations) was collected at the outpatient dermatology clinics at ALERT Dermatology Hospital, Tikur Anbessa Hospital and Gondar University Hospital, Ethiopia. AD was diagnosed by a dermatologist using the U.K. Working Party's diagnostic criteria. The IV diagnosis was based on clinical examination and genetic testing of the steroid sulphatase gene to exclude X-linked recessive ichthyosis. Patients were studied with direct sequencing (n = 40) and/or allelic discrimination (n = 110). Immunohistochemical analysis was performed for filaggrin expression in the skin of patients (n = 7) and controls (n = 2).The Ethiopian patients and controls were genotyped for the four previously described common European FLG null mutations (R501X, 2282del4, S3247X, R2447X) and no carriers were found. In one patient with AD a novel heterozygous 2-bp deletion, 632del2, leading to a premature stop codon was revealed by direct sequencing. No additional carrier of this deletion or other mutations was found. In addition, no difference in filaggrin expression was detected in AD or IV skin compared with healthy control skin.Our results indicate that FLG loss-of-function-variants are less common in patients with IV and AD in the Ethiopian population, suggesting that other factors may be of importance in the pathogenesis in this ethnic group.
The National Health Service: A Guide for Practitioners
Authors: Max Sorsby
Journal: JAMA (1953)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Atlas of U.S. Cancer Mortality Among Whites: 1950-1980.
Authors: Pickle Lw, Mason Tj, Howard N, Hoover R, Fraumeni Jf
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

This volume presents static maps of SEA [state economic areas] mortality rates for each decade from 1950 to 1980 among white males and females for 33 cancer sites along with dynamic maps illustrating the trends in these rates [in the United States] over time.  Although the geographic distribution of mortality rates has become more uniform for most cancer sites clusters of high-rate areas have persisted for several common tumors. However some new patterns have appeared notably the emergence of several high-rate areas for lung cancer among women.  Possible explanations for the geographic peculiarities of cancer are considered based on the results of correlation and analytic studies prompted by the earlier maps.  (EXCERPT)
Atopic dermatitis - from new pathophysiologic insights to individualized therapy
Authors: N. Novak, D. Simon
Journal: Allergy (2011)

Recently, important novel insights into the complex pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis (AD) have been gained. However, in most cases the therapy of AD is limited to base line therapy with emollients combined with symptomatic, rather general immunosuppressive treatment approaches of the flare-ups. Latest research findings together with experiences from daily clinical practice, which support the concept that a combination of general disease features together with specific trigger factors in the individual patients drive the disease, might be helpful for a subclassification of patients with AD based on the most relevant pathophysiologic modifications. Subclassification of patients with AD seems indispensable to introduce rationale-based, individualized treatment approaches of AD, which target specific modified pathways. In this review, we provide an overview about a selection of pathophysiologic pathways, which hold promise to represent targets of such therapeutic approaches in the near future.
High-Dose Statins in Acute Coronary Syndromes—Reply
Authors: James A. de Lemos, Michael A. Blazing, Robert M. Califf, Stephen D. Wiviott, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Differences between limited and diffuse systemic sclerosis-related pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Stephen Mathai, Kaitlin Kroening, Laura Hummers, Ari Zaiman, Reda Girgis, Paul Hassoun
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a leading cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc). Frequently associated with t limited SSc (lcSSc), PAH can also complicate diffuse SSc (dcSSc). Little is known about the characteristics of patients with dcSSc-PAH compared to lcSSc-PAH.

Methods: Consecutive patients with SSc-PAH were followed prospectively. LcSSc and dcSSc were defined according to the American College of Rheumatology criteria. PAH was defined as a mPAP> 25mmHg with a PCWP ≤ 15 mmHg in the absence of significant ILD. Survival was assessed from time of diagnosis of PAH.

Results: 133 with SSc-PAH were included; 112 (84%) had lcSSc. LcSSc were more likely to be women (92% vs. 71%, p<0.01). DcSSc patients had a higher serum creatinine (1.0±0.4 mg/dL vs. 1.3±0.7, p=0.01) a higher proportion of hyponatremia (33% vs. 15%, p=0.05), and a shorter 6MWD (264±101 vs. 357±119m, p=0.02), but there were no significant differences in PFTs. Hemodynamics revealed less severe PAH in dcSSc with a lower mPAP (38±8 vs. 43±13mmHg, p=0.08) and PVR (6.8±3.6 vs. 9.4±6.2 Wood units, p=0.07). However, there was no difference in survival between the groups.

Conclusions: In this cohort of SSc-PAH patients, 15% of subjects had dcSSc. While many characteristics were similar between the lcSSc and dcSSc groups, dcSSc patients were more likely to be men, have hyponatremia, renal insufficiency, and shorter 6MWD. Still, even though hemodynamics suggested less severe disease in dcSSc, survival did not differ between lcSSc and dcSSc. Whether this reflects intrinsic differences in the response to PAH between lcSSc and dcSSc remains to be determined and should be the focus of future investigation.
Hemoglobin switching in unicellular erythroid culture of sibling erythroid burst-forming units: kit ligand induces a dose-dependent fetal hemoglobin reactivation potentiated by sodium butyrate
Authors: Marco Gabbianelli, Ugo Testa, Adriana Massa, Elvira Pelosi, Nadia Maria Sposi, Roberta Riccioni, Luisella Luchetti, Cesare Peschle
Journal: Blood (2000)