tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Feasibility and Diagnostic Impact of Fluorescence-Based Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Case Report
Authors: A. R. J. Schneider, T. Zöpf, J. C. Arnold, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (2002)

Fluorescence-based diagnostic techniques are an evolving field in the staging of hepatologic and gastroenterologic malignancies. The method aims at improved accuracy in the detection of locoregional and distant metastases. In hepatocellular carcinoma, detection of metastases is of utmost importance, because advanced tumors preclude curative surgical therapy. We present here our first experience of fluorescence-based diagnostic laparoscopy in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. We performed diagnostic laparoscopy in a 76-year-old woman who presented with a tumor of the liver and increased serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein. For photosensitization, 5-aminolevulinic acid (20 mg/kg bodyweight, p.o.) was used 6 hours prior to laparoscopy, which was performed with a prograde 0 degree telescope suitable for fluorescence-based laparoscopy. The D-Light AF system was used as a light source. Laparoscopy was carried out according to common guidelines in the white-light as in the blue-light mode. The main tumor and the satellite metastases clearly showed intense fluorescence compared with unaffected liver parenchyma and other abdominal organs. Fluorescence-based laparoscopy identified several small metastases which had been missed during conventional white-light illumination. Hepatocellular carcinoma was confirmed by the histological examination of several biopsies drawn from suspicious areas. Fluorescence-based laparoscopy provided additional information in the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma. The technique can further improve diagnostic accuracy in the staging of hepatocellular carcinoma, particularly in patients potentially suitable for partial liver resection or transplantation.
ABC of Emergency Radiology THE HAND
Authors: D W Hodgkinson, N Kurdy, D A Nicholson, P A Driscoll
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Injuries to the hand and wrist account for about 15% of attendances at accident and emergency departments.The hand and wrist are complex structures and injury to just one small component can result in appreciable loss of function.Fortunately if the injury is identified early and managed appropriately function can be fully restored. Important anatomyFIG i-Posteroanterior radiograph and line drawing of normal hand.FIG 2-Collateral ligaments and volar plate of the proximal interphalangeal joint.
Yale Studies in Ambulatory Medical Care
Authors: E. Richard Weinerman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

THE outpatient services of teaching hospitals in the United States present, at this juncture of history, a series of interlocking contradictions. These flow directly from cumulative changes in the economics and organization of modern society and of modern medicine. The resulting dilemma confronts all who are concerned with patients and students in the medical center.The antecedents of the outpatient clinic go back to an earlier time than those of rational medicine. Public dispensaries for the needy, staffed by state-employed physicians, were established in Egypt during the eleventh century B.C. The direct historical heritage is, however, that of the "poor . . .
Abstract B59: <i>MET</i> gene copy number related to radiation treatment response and prognosis in breast cancer
Authors: Cynthia Veenstra, Gizeh Pérez-Tenorio, Tommy Fornander, Bo Nordenskjöld, Olle Stål
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract The hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR), also known as the Met receptor, promotes cell survival and proliferation by activating signaling pathways such as the PI3K/Akt and RAS/MAPK pathway. HGFR, coded by MET, has been shown to be abundant in several cancers and in some cases it interferes with treatment response. In vitro, HGFR has been shown to be upregulated and activated after radiotherapy, increasing the protection from apoptosis and thus increasing radiation resistance. In this study, it was aimed to determine the number of MET gene copies in breast tumors and correlate these findings with different clinicopathological parameters that were available in this material. Tumors of 172 patients with primary breast cancer were analyzed for MET using qPCR. Increased MET copy number (three or more copies) was found in 34% of the tumors. Five or more gene copies were found in 4.7% of the patients and indicated a significantly higher risk of developing distant metastasis. For the patients that received radiotherapy as the only postoperative treatment, the number of MET copies was associated with increased risk of distant metastasis. In terms of locoregional recurrence, it was found that increased MET copy number was associated with worse response to postoperative radiation therapy compared with chemotherapy. These results suggest that radiotherapy in combination with a Met inhibitor might be an option for patients with increased MET gene copy number to overcome radiation resistance.
Six years' experience of oesophageal transection for oesophageal varices, using a circular stapling gun.
Authors: G W Johnston
Journal: Gut (1982)

Eighty patients with bleeding oesophageal varices, who were considered to be unfit for shunt surgery, were treated by oesophageal transection and subdiaphragmatic devascularisation. The overall hospital mortality was 14% and, after an average follow-up of nearly three years, 69% are still alive. Late recurrent bleeding occurred in 14 patients but varices were shown to be responsible in only four. Postoperative portal systemic encephalopathy has not been a problem.
Hungarian cross-modal priming and treatment of nonsense words supports the dual-process hypothesis
Authors: Ágnes Luk&aacute;cs, Csaba Pléh
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1999)

Hungarian data provide support for differences in processing regular and irregular morphologies. Stronger priming was observed with “regular” stem types compared to “irregular” ones. Use of nonwords showed a reliance on the grammatical structure of the nonword: Analogical extension of “irregulars” can be observed only in “root” contexts; in other contexts all types were largely overregularized.
ABC of 1 to 7. The terrible 2s.
Authors: C Sturge, H B Valman
Journal: BMJ (1981)

THE TERRIBLE 2sThe period between 2 and 3 years brings disillusion to parents.Their 7, .7m,~~idealised innocent angel seems to have become a calculating devil.Until then the words "miischevious," "naughty," "little devil" were terms of endearment.At 2 years they become accurate terms of description: the child's behaviour appears to be planned to cause the mxumanguish.
THE EFFECTS OF 1-HYDRAZINOPHTHALAZINE ON CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW, VASCULAR RESISTANCE, OXYGEN UPTAKE AND JUGULAR OXYGEN TENSION IN HYPERTENSIVE SUBJECTS 1
Authors: Joseph H. Hafkenschiel, Carl K. Friedland, John Yobbagy, Henrietta Brandt, Janet Merrill, Nelly K. Lincoln
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1953)
University silenced student's concerns about research, memo suggests
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2015)

New claims that senior staff at Duke University in North Carolina urged a medical student not to blow the whistle on flawed research by the oncologist Anil Potti in 2008 have emerged on the eve of a court hearing for a lawsuit brought by patients enrolled in Potti’s clinical trials.1

Potti resigned in November 2010, and the lawsuit, filed in 2011, alleged that patients with lung and breast cancer were enrolled in “fraudulent” clinical trials that were based on flawed research and that the patients were exposed to unnecessary and harmful chemotherapy.2 The trials, which began in 2007 and 2008, were not suspended until July 2010 and were terminated a few months later.

The Cancer Letter, a weekly national subscription online newsletter on cancer research, has published a three page memo headed “Research Concerns,” written in April 2008 by Bradford Perez, then a third year medical student in Potti’s laboratory and now a resident at Duke. The memo and emails showing that Duke administrators were aware of Perez’s concerns have surfaced in the lawsuit, which is due to go to trial on 26 January.

Scientists at …
The nose and sex: the nasogenital reflex revisited
Authors: Alexander C Chester
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2007)

Bhutta (JRSM 2007;100:268-274) reminds readers of the pre-eminent position of the nose in evolution and describes evidence linking olfaction and perhaps pheromones to human reproduction.1 The significance of the nose, he notes, is under-appreciated in the medical literature. This was not always the case.

Over one hundred years ago, neurological reflexes emanating from the nose—termed the nasal reflex neurosis—were considered to be the cause of many symptoms, including symptoms related to the genitalia. In 1883 McKenzie, an otolaryngologist from Johns Hopkins Hospital, proposed a nasogenital reflex responsible for symptoms such as dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, etc. and described improvements following nasal treatments.2 In 1901 Fliess, an otolaryngologist and personal physician of Freud, described genital areas in the nose responsible for activating the proposed neurological pathways.3,4

The significance of a protuberant midline structure with paired erectile tissue was not lost on Freud, who collaborated with Fliess on such theories as inherent bisexuality. Freud's support of Fliess and his theories weakened after Fliess' negligent surgical care of Emma Eckstein and her later recanting of any relationship of nose bleeds to psychological stress.5 Reports of the nasogenital relationship diminished in the early 20th century and espousal of the theory faded as medical knowledge advanced.

Recent quality-of-life research, however, documents the profound effect of chronic rhinosinusitis on general health and the substantial improvements noted after nasal surgery.6 Ironically, it would not be surprising if diminished libido and sexual performance were noted in chronic rhinosinusitis and improvement documented after nasal surgery—the nasogenital reflex redux.
Child Mortality Estimation: Estimating Sex Differences in Childhood Mortality since the 1970s
Authors: Cheryl Chriss Sawyer
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2012)

Producing estimates of infant (under age 1 y), child (age 1-4 y), and under-five (under age 5 y) mortality rates disaggregated by sex is complicated by problems with data quality and availability. Interpretation of sex differences requires nuanced analysis: girls have a biological advantage against many causes of death that may be eroded if they are disadvantaged in access to resources. Earlier studies found that girls in some regions were not experiencing the survival advantage expected at given levels of mortality. In this paper I generate new estimates of sex differences for the 1970s to the 2000s.Simple fitting methods were applied to male-to-female ratios of infant and under-five mortality rates from vital registration, surveys, and censuses. The sex ratio estimates were used to disaggregate published series of both-sexes mortality rates that were based on a larger number of sources. In many developing countries, I found that sex ratios of mortality have changed in the same direction as historically occurred in developed countries, but typically had a lower degree of female advantage for a given level of mortality. Regional average sex ratios weighted by numbers of births were found to be highly influenced by China and India, the only countries where both infant mortality and overall under-five mortality were estimated to be higher for girls than for boys in the 2000s. For the less developed regions (comprising Africa, Asia excluding Japan, Latin America/Caribbean, and Oceania excluding Australia and New Zealand), on average, boys' under-five mortality in the 2000s was about 2% higher than girls'. A number of countries were found to still experience higher mortality for girls than boys in the 1-4-y age group, with concentrations in southern Asia, northern Africa/western Asia, and western Africa. In the more developed regions (comprising Europe, northern America, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand), I found that the sex ratio of infant mortality peaked in the 1970s or 1980s and declined thereafter.The methods developed here pinpoint regions and countries where sex differences in mortality merit closer examination to ensure that both sexes are sharing equally in access to health resources. Further study of the distribution of causes of death in different settings will aid the interpretation of differences in survival for boys and girls. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Diet and Canine Hysteria
Authors: H. Kirk
Journal: BMJ (1947)

OURNALX-ray examination following injection of " lipiodol " into the cisterna magna and into the lumbar region of the subarachnoid space with inversion of the patient revealed an extramedullary block extending from the body of the second thoracic vertebra to the lower border of the fourth.Laminectomy was contemplated, but by Nov. 10 slight objective sense perception was demonstrated and some control over micturition was evident.Steady improvement occurred, and normal function and normal signs in both lower limbs were established by May 15, 1933.On July 12, 1933, an abscess made itself evident at the vertebral border of the right scapula.This was incised, and the subsequent sinus healed in six weeks.A pure culture of Staph.albus was grown from the abscess pus.There were no signs or symptoms referable to the back prior to the developement of the abscess.Examination as aii out-patient in May, 1934, sbowed the femoral lesions to be compltetely healed and epithelialized, and the spine and back seemed perfectly normal.It remains a matter of speculation whether the above sequence of events was due to a metastatic abscess unrelated to a focus of bone infection, or whether the abscess developed secondarily to a "minimal" bone lesion too small to be detected by x-ray examination, as occurred in Case 1 of Mr. Martin's series (Nov.9, 1946, p. 688).-Iam, etc.,
1014-99 The Hypotensive Effect of the Angiotensin II Antagonist EXP 3174 Depends upon the Renin-Angiotensin System Activation in Conscious Dogs with Heart Failure
Authors: Fabrice Barbe, Jinbo Su, Thanh Tam Guyenne, Monique Laplace, Joël Ménard, Bertrant Crozatier, Luc Hittinger
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
Points: Locum cover for junior doctors' leave
Authors: J Weinberg
Journal: BMJ (1984)

determined by the degree with which death is desired.For those who dread it, time rushes by; there is no time to do everything, as with a student approaching his finals, or a condemned man his execution.For those who have had enough of life and welcome death, time hangs heavy, as with a child awaiting Christmas Day.As Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough was wont to sigh in crippled old age, "If I could have walked out of this world, I would have departed long ago."'I Green D. Sarah, Duchess of
Use of routinely collected data
Authors: M. Molokhia, V. Curcin, A. Majeed
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Initiatives to improve pharmacovigilance in Europe1 are essential in improving the safety of health care because current approaches to detecting adverse drug reactions have major limitations.

Databases derived from electronic patient records and hospital administration systems could help to improve detection.2 We used one primary care database to investigate the association of myopathy and myalgia with the use of statins and fibrates.3 This case crossover …
Associations of Tumor Necrosis Factor G-308A with Childhood Asthma and Wheezing
Authors: Yu-Fen Li, W. James Gauderman, Ed Avol, Louis Dubeau, Frank D. Gilliland
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2006)

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) mediates a spectrum of airway inflammatory responses, including those to air pollutants, and is an asthma candidate gene. One TNF promoter variant (G-308A) affects expression of TNF and has been associated with inflammatory diseases; however, studies of asthma have been inconsistent. Because ozone produces oxidative stress, increased airway TNF, and inflammation, the associations of the -308 TNF polymorphism with asthma may vary by ozone exposure and variants of oxidant defense genes glutathione-S-transferase (GST) M1 and GSTP1.To investigate the association of TNF G-308A with asthma and wheezing and to determine whether these associations vary with ozone exposure and GSTM1 and GSTP1 genotype.We studied associations of TNF-308 genotype with lifetime and current wheezing and asthma among 3,699 children in the Children's Health Study. We examined differences in associations with community ozone and by GSTM1 null and GSTP1 105 Ile/Val (A105G) genotype.Children with TNF-308 GG had decreased risk of asthma (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-0.9) and lifetime wheezing (odds ratio, 0.8; 95% confidence interval, 0.7-0.9). The protective effects of GG genotype on wheezing outcomes were of greater magnitude in lower compared with higher ozone communities. These findings were replicated in the two cohorts of fourth-grade children recruited in 1993 and 1996. The reduction of the protective effect from the -308 GG genotype with higher ozone exposure was most marked in the GSTM1 null and GSTP1 Ile/Ile groups.The TNF-308 GG genotype may have a protective role in asthma pathogenesis, depending on airway oxidative stress levels.
Book Review Textbook of Clinical Pediatrics Edited by Abdelaziz Y. Elzouki, Harb A. Harfi, and Hisham M. Nazer. 1800 pp., illustrated. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins, 2001. $139. 0-7817-2804-5
Authors: Robert T. Brouillette
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)
Extended HLA haplotype EH18. 1 influences the progression to hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus infection
Authors: V. Cadahia, A. Lopez-Vazquez, L. Rodrigo, J. Martinez-Borra, D. Fuentes, M. Rodriguez, R. Perez, S. Gonzalez, C. Lopez-Larrea
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
In vivo characteristics of low molecular weight copolymers composed of L-lactic acid and various dl-hydroxy acids as biodegradable carriers for drug delivery systems
Authors: Hironobu Fukuzaki, Masaru Yoshida, Masaharu Asano, Minoru Kumakura, Tooru Mashimo, Hisako Yuasa, Kyoichi Imai, Hidetoshi Yamanaka
Journal: Biomaterials (1990)
PTU-152 High Resolution Manometry Pattern of Esophagogastric Junction and Esophageal Motility in Patients before and after Fundoplication: Abstract PTU-152 Table
Authors: K Bilnik, E Klimacka-Nawrot, J Kurek, B Blonska-Fajfrowska, A Stadnicki
Journal: Gut (2013)

<h3>Introduction</h3> Until now it has been limited knowledge related to the application of high resolution manometry(HRM) for the evaluation of fundoplication results. The aim of this study is to assess prospectively esophagogastric junction(EGJ) relaxation and resting pressures and esophageal motility by HRM in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) before and after laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication. <h3>Methods</h3> 25 patients with GERD(15 females; mean age 46.8 ) underwent HRM before(preoperative group) and at least 3 months after surgery(postoperative group). Manometric protocol included 10 consecutive swallows of 10 ml of water. Variables from pre and postoperative group were compared using Wilcoxon test for paired samples and also McNemar’s test was done to evaluate if surgery had influenced values normalisation. <h3>Results</h3> In postoperative group mean basal EGJ pressure as well as minimal basal EGJ pressure were significantly higher than in preoperative group. Integrated relaxation pressure(IRP) was also significantly higher in postoperative group as compared with preoperative group. IRP values were within the normal range in both examined groups(&lt;15 mmHg) except one patient in postoperative group. Before fundoplication 11 patients had hiatal hernia, but none after surgery. Significant increase of intrabolus pressure(IBP) and decrease of contractile front velocity(CFV) were found in postoperative group as compared with preoperative group. Distal contractile integral(DCI) was significantly higher in postoperative group, however based on DCI threshold(450mmHgxsxcm) only trend from ineffective to effective esophageal motility was observed(p = 0.07). Also double-peaked waves were more frequent in postoperative than in preoperative group. Early dysphagia was observed in 8 of 25 patients after fundoplication. Data is shown in table. <h3>Conclusion</h3> HRM is valuable tool for EGJ characteristics in GERD patients before and after fundoplication. Fundoplication establishes antireflux barrier by increasing EGJ resting pressures and correcting hiatal hernia. Even moderate increased of IRP may contribute to motility disorders and bolus pressurisation in some patients after fundoplication. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None Declared
The Accuracy of European Retinoscopy.
Authors: Albert B. Hale
Journal: JAMA (1902)

Chicago, Nov. 1, 1902. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journalof Nov. 1, 1902, page 1107, Dr. Geo. M. Gould of Philadelphia uses the following language: "That there is probably not an 'ophthalmic surgeon' in all Europe who can use this method (retinoscopy) with accuracy shows how far we are as a profession from knowing our science, practicing our art, or doing our duty." I admire Dr. Gould in all his scientific work and can follow his enthusiasm wherever it may lead, but I can not pass uncorrected such language from the editor of<i>American Medicine</i>, who has always advocated<i>accuracy</i>in language and diagnosis. To commit such an unpardonable sin of ignorance and unwarrantable discourtesy to foreign confrères, is to belittle his own argument. I have recently had the pleasure of a rather extensive tour through some of the best of German university hospitals, and in nearly every clinic
Whole-genome sequencing of giant pandas provides insights into demographic history and local adaptation
Authors: Shancen Zhao, Pingping Zheng, Shanshan Dong, Xiangjiang Zhan, Qi Wu, Xiaosen Guo, Yibo Hu, Weiming He, Shanning Zhang, Wei Fan, Lifeng Zhu, Dong Li, Xuemei Zhang, Quan Chen, Hemin Zhang, Zhihe Zhang, Xuelin Jin, Jinguo Zhang, Huanming Yang, Jian Wang, Jun Wang, Fuwen Wei
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)