tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Erythroleukemia induction by Friend leukemia virus. A host gene locus controlling early anemia or polycythemia and the rate of proliferation of late erythroid cells.
Authors: T Shibuya, Y Niho, T W Mak
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1982)

This report confirms that the Fv-5 locus controls the types of erythropoiesis induced by Friend erythroleukemia virus (FLV) (21) and extends the study to investigate the mode of action of this locus. With the use of FLV obtained by a variety of procedures, we showed that the polycythemia spleen focus-forming component (SFFVp) was responsible for the contrasting changes of hematocrits observed in FV-Pp (polycythemia strain)-infected DBA/2 (Fv-5pp) or CBA (Fv-5aa) mice. These changes in hematocrits were found to be a direct result of the rise in circulating reticulocytes and erythrocytes in DBA/2 mice and a corresponding drop of these erythroid cells in CBA mice 2 wk after infection. Examination of the FV-P-induced cellular changes indicated that dramatic increase in erythropoietin (epo)-independent erythroid precursor (CFU-E*) cells was detected in the spleens and marrow of both strains of mice. The epo responsiveness of the CFU-E in the uninfected and FV-P-infected CBA and DBA/2 mice was also very similar. Similar to FLV-infected DBA/2 mice, the FV-P-infected CBA mice also developed tumorogenic cells (CFU-FV) relatively early after infection (4-6 wk). Study of the physiological and pathological changes in the marrows and spleens of these infected mice indicated that significant differences were found in the spleens of the two strains of mice. The percent of reticulocytes in the spleen cells of CBA mice remained between 10 and 20%, and level of the DBA/2 mice increased to approximately 50%. This higher rate of erythropoiesis was also reflected in the significantly higher rate of uptake of 59Fe in the spleens of the DBA/2 mice. These results suggest that the Fv-5 locus might control the hematocrit levels of these mice by regulating the rates of erythropoiesis in the spleen levels of these mice, probably by affecting the rate of proliferation of an erythroid cell or cells. The erythroid cell(s) affected is likely to be more mature than the erythroid progenitor, CFU-E, as the levels of CFU-E in these two strains of mice were similar. The hypothesis that Fv-5 may control the rates of proliferation of a late erythroid (cell(s) is also supported by the significantly higher spleen weights found in the infected DBA/2 (approximately 2.5 g/spleen) mice than in the CBA (approximately 1 g/spleen) strain.
Histoplasmosis presenting with unusual skin lesions in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Authors: J.A. HAZELHURST, H.F. VISMER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1985)

Journal Article Histoplasmosis presenting with unusual skin lesions in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) Get access J.A. HAZELHURST, J.A. HAZELHURST Department of Dermatology, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa Dr J.A. Hazelhurst, P.O. Box 1537, Faerie Glen, 0043 Pretoria, Republic of South Africa. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H.F. VISMER H.F. VISMER Department of Dermatology, University of Pretoria, Republic of South Africa Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 113, Issue 3, 1 September 1985, Pages 345–348, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1985.tb02088.x Published: 01 September 1985 Article history Accepted: 21 March 1985 Published: 01 September 1985
Contraction of Cultured Rat Glomerular Cells of Apparent Mesangial Origin after Stimulation with Angiotensin II and Arginine Vasopressin
Authors: Dennis A. Ausiello, Jeffrey I. Kreisberg, Christian Roy, Morris J. Karnovsky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1980)

Studies to identify the physiological role of glomerular mesangial cells were undertaken using homogeneous cultures of rat glomerular cells of apparent mesangial origin (MS). Cultured MS cells were treated with arginine vasopressin (AVP), angiotensin II (AGII), prostaglandin E2, and parathyroid hormone. AVP (0.1 nM) and AGII (1 nM) stimulated contraction of MS cells in vitro that was complete by 2 min at 37°C or 10 min at 23°C as observed by phase contrast and electron microscopy. Relaxation recurred 15 min after hormonal addition at 23°C. Similar experiments in cloned rat glomerular epithelial cells or "renin"-producing cells did not demonstrate a contractile response. The contraction of MS cells was independent of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic 3′,5′-guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) production, even when cyclic nucleotides were measured as early as 30 s after hormonal stimulation. To demonstrate that contraction was a function of hormone-receptor interaction, binding of [3H](8-lysine)vasopressin was studied. Specific binding for 1.6 and 5 nM hormone was both time- and dose-dependent. The estimated apparent affinity was 10 nM. In late MS cell passages (>16th) that no longer demonstrated hormone-stimulated contraction, no specific binding of [3H](8-lysine)vasopressin was observed.
Abstract 1018: Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) alters vesiculation of cancer cells expressing oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR): Implications for the aggressive, procoagulant and proangiogenic properties
Authors: Delphine Garnier, Chloe Milsom, Nathalie Magnus, Victoria Bentley, Tae Hoon Lee, Brian Meehan, Laura Montermini, Janusz Rak
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Cancer cells release elevated amounts of membrane-derived organelles containing complex molecular cargo, and known as extracellular vesicles (EVs). This process (vesiculation) is implicated in intercellular communication, as well as in cancer invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis and activation of the coagulation system. We have previously demonstrated a link between oncogenic transformation mediated by mutant K-ras, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as well as other genetic lesions and the intensity of cancer cell vesiculation. In the present study we interrogate vesiculation during the superimposed processes of de-differentiation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the EGFR-driven epidermoid cancer cell line A431, EMT can be induced by stimulation with EGFR ligands coupled with blockade of the E-cadherin. Of note, A431 cells express high levels of the Tissue Factor (TF) receptor which renders them procoagulant, and is required for the efficient tumor initiation and proangiogenic signalling. A431 cells emit heterogeneous population of EVs, including subsets containing TF, and EGFR. We observed that induction of EMT in A431 cells is associated with a global increase in vesiculation, as revealed by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA/Nanosight). At the same time, EGFR and TF are relocated from the plasma membrane to distinct subcellular microdomains, and this change is associated with a rearrangement in the proteome of EVs emitted by cancer cells, including a significant increase in TF content. Tumor cell-derived, TF-containing EVs are readily taken up by endothelial cells and trigger their procoagulant conversion and angiogenic responses. While forming tumors in vivo A431 cells spontaneously undergo multilineage differentiation and generate EMT-like subpopulations, which release into the circulation a subset of EVs with a distinct molecular signature. Thus, EMT-like processes not only modulate intrinsic cellular properties (cell shape, differentiation), but also trigger a shift in cellular vesiculation that may be detected in EV preparations isolated from peripheral blood. Moreover, EVs that emanate from cancer cells upon their entry into the EMT pathway may acquire the ability to modify the extracellular and vascular milieu, and possibly facilitate tumor initiation, invasion and metastasis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1018. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1018
Association Between Quality Improvement for Care Transitions in Communities and Rehospitalizations Among Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Jane Brock, Jason Mitchell, Kimberly Irby, Beth Stevens, Traci Archibald, Alicia Goroski, Joanne Lynn, for the Care Transitions Project Team
Journal: JAMA (2013)

ANY MEDICARE BENEFIciaries have serious illnesses and disabilities and receive services from multiple clinicians and health care settings, engendering risks of errors in transitions 1-3 and rehospitalizations. 4[7][8][9][10][11] The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) piloted various strategies for improving care and reducing costs in 2006-2007, including one that tested having Quality Improvement Organizations (QIOs) lead improvements in care transitions.Medicare's QIOs serve each state and territory, aiming to improve the value of services. 12Some hospitals reduced rehospitalizations substantially and quickly, leading to CMS in 2008 initiating the project reported herein.In this project, we evaluated whether QIO-facilitated community-wide quality improvement (QI) could engage a variety of clinical and social service practitioners and organizations to improve care transitions for geographi-
Cheno and Urso: What the Goose and the Bear Have in Common
Authors: Martin C. Carey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1975)

One of the most exciting and potentially one of the most important developments in gastroenterology of recent years is the possibility of medical dissolution of cholesterol gallstones. Gallstone disease afflicts 10 to 20 per cent of the world's population, and in Western societies 85 per cent of gallstones are composed predominantly of cholesterol. The prevalence of stones increases with age, is higher in females than in males, is definitely greater in American Indians than in whites and is increased in patients with ileal disease and possibly in patients with obesity and Type IV hyperlipoproteinemia.The successful introduction of chenodeoxycholic acid . . .
Miliary tuberculosis in the elderly.
Authors: J A Myers
Journal: BMJ (1970)

culation is indicated by our findingsl 2 that in blood obtained from the uterine veins this factor was greater than that in the arterial blood.Plasminogen activator levels were estimated by the euglobulin lysis time (E.L.T.) method.3Evidence supporting our findings is provided by the observations published by bination of phenformin-stanozolol is as Maki et al.4These workers, investigating the fibrinolytic activity in blood from the vasa efferentia of the uterus and comparing it with that in blood from a cubital vein, found that this activity was considerably increased in the blood from the uterus.They suggested that this constituted indirect evidence that the uterus contributed activators to the systemic circulation.Moreover, in a comparative study of blood from a uterine vein and a uterine artery in 14 patients, Cash,5 using the E.L.T. method, found marked increased fibrinolytic activity in the former.-Iam, etc.,
On the Relations between Diphtheria and Scarlet Fever
Authors: A. Ransome
Journal: BMJ (1875)

THE BRITISH MEDICAL _7OURNAL.17I in several cases of comminuted fracture of the body of the bone, drilling the bone through the mouth or through a wound which already existed.1Ir.Bickersteth of Liverpool (AMe(dico-Clzirzrgical Transactions, vol.xlvii) has suggested and practised a method of securing the fractured ends of this and other bones by means of a drill, and has given a most interesting account of several cases in which it was successfully adopted.The employment of special external incisions, as in the case related, has rarely if ever been practised in connection wvith recent fractures of the lower jaw.The objection to them is the resulting external cicatrix or cicatrices which, although not of so much consequence in the male, as the whiskers will usually completely cover them, must cause somiie deformity in the female.For this reason, I would only advocate an external incision or incisions in cases which cannot be successfully treated by other means.In the removal of the tongue, or portions of it, and in some cases of tumour of the jaw, I always now bring the ends of the divided jaw together by means of the wire suture; and my experience of this method is, that it is safe, efficient, and easy of application.Since writing this, Mr. Mason of St. Thomas's Hospital has been kind enough to direct my attention to the ingenious method of employing the wire suture in bringing the end of bones together, practised by him (AfMedico-Chirzer-ical Tratsactio,zs, vol.liv).His method allows the wire to be easily removed at any time, and is, therefore, to be preferred to that which has usually been employed, should the case admit of the needle being passed in an oblique direction through both ends of the bone.
Deciphering clonality in aneuploid breast tumors using SNP array and sequencing data
Authors: Ingrid M Lönnstedt, Franco Caramia, Jason Li, Debora Fumagalli, Roberto Salgado, Andrew Rowan, Max Salm, Nnennaya Kanu, Peter Savas, Stuart Horswell, Stephan Gade, Sibylle Loibl, Patrick Neven, Christos Sotiriou, Charles Swanton, Sherene Loi, Terence P Speed
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Abstract Intra-tumor heterogeneity concerns the existence of genetically different subclones within the same tumor. Single sample quantification of heterogeneity relies on precise determination of chromosomal copy numbers throughout the genome, and an assessment of whether identified mutation variant allele fractions match clonal or subclonal copy numbers. We discuss these issues using data from SNP arrays, whole exome sequencing and pathologist purity estimates on several breast cancers characterized by ERBB2 amplification. We show that chromosomal copy numbers can only be estimated from SNP array signals or sequencing depths for subclonal tumor samples with simple subclonal architectures under certain assumptions.
Tuberculosis ravages Philippine slums
Authors: C. Wallerstein
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Philippine health officials are warning that up to 90% of the country's population could be infected with tuberculosis within 40 years unless the funding of schemes to stamp out the disease is dramatically increased. More than a third of all Filipinos live below the poverty line, and the problem of tuberculosis is particularly acute in poor areas, according to the World Health Organisation's 1999 World Health Report.

In the country's slums, up to 39% of children aged between 5 and 9 are already infected—which is twice the national average. Cramped, overcrowded housing, poor ventilation, low immunity owing to malnutrition, delayed diagnosis, and …
Abstract 3049: Development of novel survivin inhibitors to target mitotic machinery in cancers
Authors: James V. Cooley, Somsundaram Chettiar, In-Hee Park, Deepak Bhasin, Arnab Chakravarti, Li Pui Kai, Chenglong Li, Naduparambil K. Jacob
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) protein family has essential roles in cell division and inhibition of apoptosis. Over-expression of survivin is observed in most human cancers, but survivin expression is not detectable in non-proliferating normal adult tissues. In dividing cells, survivin is detected as an integral component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC). In the CPC, survivin is organized as a homodimer, associated with Aurora B-kinase and plays a critical role in the recruitment of a number of proteins to the kinetochore and centromere, which are essential for mitotic progression. Several clinical correlative studies in cancer patients have shown that elevated levels of survivin decreases overall survival and leads to resistance to radiation and chemotherapeutic treatments. Thus, disruption of functional survivin along its dimer interface is hypothesized to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells by further sensitizing them to therapeutic agents and radiation. Recently, through HTS-NMR and AS/MS affinity based screenings, compound 1 (C1) was identified to bind to the dimerization interface of survivin monomers. Further development of this compound was accomplished by computational modeling of inhibitor interactions along the dimerization interface, which has lead to the design of a panel of promising compounds analogous to compound 1. Two of the most potent inhibitors included LLP3 and LLP9, which showed significant levels of activity between 50 and 100 nM. In proliferating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as well as in prostate cancer cells (PC3) cells, the compounds caused a delay in mitotic progression and major mitotic defects. These cells expressed physiological levels of GFP-tagged survivin, which were used for visualization in automated fluorescent time-lapse videomicroscopy to investigate how the survivin dimerization inhibitors affected cell cycle progression. The same microscopy methods were used for understanding the specificity and activity of each respective compound. The investigation of cells treated with each of the compounds allowed for resolution of subcellular level effects on mitotic progression and CPC organization/movement during mitosis. The qualitative microscopy data was enumerated in order to quantify effects the compounds had on cells. The cells were enumerated in triplicate and tracked for changes in their proliferation, cell death, changes in ploidy, and other mitotic defects. The relationships between structure and activity of the compounds will be discussed. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3049. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-3049
CUTANEOUS BRIDGES AND FIBROMATOID FORMATIONS IN EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS.
Authors: Martin Friedmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1941)

Journal Article CUTANEOUS BRIDGES AND FIBROMATOID FORMATIONS IN EXPERIMENTS ON ANIMALS. Get access MARTIN FRIEDMANN MARTIN FRIEDMANN Madras Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 53, Issue 4, 1 April 1941, Pages 113–118, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1941.tb10524.x Published: 01 April 1941
Source of pulmonary emboli.
Authors: Z. A. Pisko-Dubienski
Journal: BMJ (1968)

It is plain that it is difficult to accept the deductions leading to the range of figures quoted as renal thresholds for glucose.Many of the points made in this paper are of the greatest importance in the detection and management of diabetes, and there is no wish to detract from these, but I do not think the renal threshold figures given are necessarily valid.-Iam, etc.,
Alcohol histories taken from elderly people
Authors: D Thompson
Journal: BMJ (1994)

not the drug of choice for prophylaxis for aircrew.Doctors who care for pilots should keep in mind the uncertainties surrounding mefloquine before prescribing it in preference to other well tried prophylactic drugs.Certainly, vibramycin and combinations of chloroquine and proguanil may result in problems, but they have the advantage of having stood the test oftime.
Small Comfort: A History of Minor Tranquilizers
Authors: James J. Brophy
Journal: JAMA (1987)

The author of this book dealing with the interface of society and medicine, within a framework of the history of the minor tranquilizers, adumbrates each chapter with a quote. Chapter 9 merits one from the often cited Lord Acton: "If a law is not absolutely necessary, then it is absolutely necessary that there not be a law." At times it seems that the same might apply to books, or even book reviews. Although this book occasionally reads like the congressional record (partly because of an attempt to include every scrap of information) there are some provocative concepts that are interesting to every clinician. The discussion of "the curve of acceptance" of a drug has an Hegelian quality: the thesis is wild enthusiasm for the new drug; antithesis, the nihilism that inevitably follows the overinflated expectations; and synthesis, the eventual rational use of the drug (if it has any redeeming qualities).
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PAPILLOMA VIRUS IN THE SKIN OF THE RABBIT
Authors: Robert S. Stone, Richard E. Shope, Dan H. Moore
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

Rabbit papilloma virus seems uniquely to begin its proliferation in the nucleolus of infected cells. In cells near the germinal layer of the stratum Malpighii spherical viral bodies seem to develop within a reticulum which forms out of the fine granular matrix of the nucleolus. The virus may later fill the nucleus and spread into the whole cell. The age of the cell, determined by its position in the Malpighian layer and by the extent of keratinization, can be correlated with the viral development.
Alcohol consumption is not related to fertility in Italian women
Authors: F. Parazzini, L. Chatenoud, E. Di Cintio, C. L. Vecchia, G. Benzi, L. Fedele
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—Jensen et al observed decreased fecundability among women who drank alcohol compared with those who did not.1 The decrease was found even among women reporting a weekly intake of five or fewer drinks. The authors call for further corroboration of their findings.

View this table:

Number (percentage) of women having difficulty in conception according to alcohol consumption, Milan, Italy



We analysed the relation between alcohol intake and difficulties in …
Low phospholipid arachidonic acid values in diabetic platelets
Authors: D P Mikhailidis, J Y Jeremy, M A Barradas, P Dandona
Journal: BMJ (1983)

from the coast in search of work, returning home with Plasmodium falciparum malaria, which has about a 60%' chance of exhibiting at least Rl chloroquine resistance (Gibson FD.Eighth south west Pacific malaria conference.Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, 4 August, 1980).Added to this it would be most unlikely that Dr Ree's patient would have remained in his eyrie without descending from time to time, as most expatriates do, to the coast, where non-immune and protected only perhaps by chloroquine he would be seriously at risk.The principle is surely that in a country with a known high incidence of chloroquine resistant malaria an effective alternative prophylactic should be taken wherever one is within that country.Maloprim is recommended at present,1 2 although if agranulocytosis proves to be more than an occasional complication then Fansidar (pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine) might be a safer choice.
高齢者におけるミネラルコルチコイド応答性低ナトリウム血症(MRHE):高齢者における低ナトリウム血症の診断および治療を進めている臨床的疾患単位
Authors: Ishikawa S, Funayama M, Nakamura T, Ikoma A, Kasono K, Namai K, Tamemoto H, Kawakami M
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)
Effects of nitric oxide inhalation and L-arginine intravenous infusion on hemodynamics and left ventricular mechanics in severe congestive heart failure
Authors: Edimar Bocchi, Alvaro Moraes, Antonio Esteves, José Auter, María Carmona, Pedro Graziosi, Giovanni Bellotti, Fulvio Pileggi
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)