tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Limitation of Correction of Frequency Dependent Artefact in Pressure Recordings Using Harmonic Analysis
Authors: L. JEROME KROVETZ, RUFUS B. JENNINGS, STEPHEN D. GOLDBLOOM
Journal: Circulation (1974)

Frequency dependent phase and amplitude distortion may theoretically be minimized using correction formulae derived from a model which assumes that water-filled catheter-manometer systems are analogous to an oscillating mass attached to a spring and damping pot. This study defines the practical limits of this correction technique using harmonic analysis of simultaneously recorded water-filled and catheter-tip manometer systems. Some improvement was obtained in tracings recorded with underdamped, high frequency response systems. In no case were exact duplications of the catheter-tip tracings obtained. Divergence of measured vitro frequency response from actual in vivo frequency response was one source of these discrepancies. Loose coupling of the components of the system also changed the behavior from that of the assumed simple mechanical model and at times prevented adequate correction. Catheter-tip manometers, in spite of their expense and relative fragility, still appear to be the best means at present of obtaining accurate pressure tracings, particularly at high heart rates or where time derivatives are to be computed.
Glomerular arachidonate lipoxygenation in rat nephrotoxic serum nephritis.
Authors: E A Lianos, M A Rahman, M J Dunn
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Arachidonate lipoxygenation to monohydroxylated eicosatetraenoic acids (HETE) was studied in rat nephrotoxic serum nephritis (NSN). A single infusion of nephrotoxic serum enhanced conversion of [3H]arachidonic acid ([3H]C20:4) to [3H]12-HETE in glomeruli isolated from nephritic rats compared with controls. The percent conversion of [3H]arachidonic acid was 1.95 +/- 0.2% in control glomeruli and 14.2 +/- 2% in nephritic glomeruli 2 d after induction of disease. No significant changes in the conversion of [3H]C20:4 to [3H]5-, 8-, and 9-HETE were noted. Extraction of glomerular HETE by alkaline hydrolysis, to evaluate possible reacylation of HETE after their production, confirmed the presence of 12-HETE and did not provide evidence of 5-HETE synthesis. Increased glomerular 12-HETE synthesis in nephritic rats was also demonstrated by high pressure liquid chromatography-UV detection and by 12-HETE radioimmunoassay. The enhanced glomerular 12-HETE synthesis commenced as early as 3-5 h after administration of nephrotoxic serum and peaked at day 2 with 10-fold enhancement of 12-HETE production. Increments of glomerular 12-HETE persisted on day 7 and returned toward control levels by day 14. Platelet depletion, induced by antiplatelet antisera, did not decrease glomerular 12-HETE synthesis in NSN, thereby eliminating platelets as the cellular origin of 12-HETE. Glomerular epithelial and mesangial cells are the most likely sources of enhanced 12-lipoxygenase activity. The enhanced arachidonate 12-lipoxygenation in glomerular immune injury could have important proinflammatory effects in the evolution of glomerulonephritis since 12-HETE has important effects on leukocyte function.
A Potential Clinical Use for Methylphenidate with Tricyclic Antidepressants
Authors: RALPH N. WHARTON, JAMES M. PEREL, PETER G. DAYTON, SIDNEY MALITZ
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1971)

Seven patients with recurrent refractory psychotic depressive illness were treated with tricyclic antidepressants plus methylphenidate (Ritalin). The effect of methylphenidate appears to involve an increase in the blood levels of antidepressants through enzymatic inhibition of the metabolism of imipramine and desmethylimipramine that is concomitant with clinical improvement. The potentiation by methylphenidate may have important implications for the treatment of depression.
Attitudes regarding advance directives among patients in pulmonary rehabilitation.
Authors: J E Heffner, B Fahy, L Hilling, C Barbieri
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

We performed a cross-sectional, descriptive questionnaire study in two pulmonary rehabilitation programs to assess: (1) attitudes of 105 subjects with chronic lung conditions about end-of-life decision-making; (2) the determinants of these attitudes; and (3) patient acceptance of rehabilitation programs as foci for education about advance directives (ADs). We found that 99 of the 105 subjects (94.3%) had health worries, the most common of which was fear of increasing dyspnea (33.3%). Although 93.8% had opinions about intubation, less than 42% had completed an AD. Most subjects wanted information about ADs (88.6%) and life-support (68.6%); pulmonary rehabilitation programs, lawyers, and physicians were preferred sources for AD information. Although 98.9% of the patients wanted patient-physician AD discussions, only 19.0% had such discussions, only 15.2% had discussed life-support, and only 14.3% thought that their physicians understood their end-of-life wishes. Subject willingness to undergo intubation varied with baseline health, likelihood of survival, and anticipated health following extubation. We conclude that patients in pulmonary rehabilitation programs desire more information about end-of-life issues than is currently provided by physicians. They regard pulmonary rehabilitation educators as valuable sources of AD education.
The Morality of Transplantation
Authors: Jeffrey T. Kirchner
Journal: JAMA (1991)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> — I found Peters'<sup>1</sup>suggestion of financial reimbursement for organ donation to be novel yet naive. As for denying the alcoholic a liver transplant, the arguments for and against treatment could be applied to any of our patients whose diseases are a result of self-destructive behavior. The underlying component in the issue of organ transplantation remains that of cost, not how we can obtain more hearts, kidneys, and livers. Peters states that 20 177 patients were waiting for organs as of March 1990.<sup>1</sup>The average cost of a kidney transplant is $30 000, and the average cost for a heart or liver transplant ranges from $100 000 to $200 000.<sup>2</sup>This does not include the cost of follow-up care, chronic immunosuppressive therapy, and complications. If only 50% of the patients currently waiting could have these procedures, the costs would approach or exceed $1 billion.
Hereditary Disorders of Erythrocyte Metabolism
Authors: L. W. Diggs
Journal: JAMA (1968)

The volume records the proceedings of a conference in which the advanced concepts about biochemical genetics of erythrocytes are presented by investigators actively engaged in enzyme research. The volume contains the lectures and the discussions that followed. References are furnished for each topic. A 13-page index and a summary of abbreviations are also provided. Electrophoretic variation in erythrocyte enzymes, including red blood cell acid phosphatase, phosphoglucomutase, and myokinase, is presented by H. Harris of London. The clinical, genetic, biochemical, and immunochemical aspects of "Acatalasemia in Japan" are summarized by S. Takahara and the observations of catalase deficiency in Switzerland by H. Aebi. Present knowledge about the "Hereditary Spherocytosis" is summarized by J. H. Jandl. A. G. Motulsky discusses the "Contributions of Hereditary Disorders of Red Cell Metabolism to Human Genetics." Other topics include methemoglobinemia due to enzyme deficiency and deficiencies of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione, pyruvate kinase, and triosephosphate
Hormone Control and Surgery
Authors: Winfield W. Scott
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Carcinoma of the prostate gland is a common and lethal disease. For many years, urologists have attempted to establish an early diagnosis of the disease at a time when the nodular growth is entirely confined within the prostate gland, and have advocated complete extirpation of the growth by radical prostatectomy. Jewett et al35have recently published data emphasizing the wisdom of this radical approach to carcinoma of the prostate and report that of 86 patients followed up for 15 or more years after radical perineal prostatectomy, 33% (28) are living without evidence of cancer.  The dramatic regression of primary carcinomatous lesions of the prostate which often results from endocrine-control therapy suggested to a number of urologists36-40that radical perineal prostatectomy might prove curative for selected patients whose carcinomatous lesions were too far advanced to permit radical prostatectomy when first examined. Our experience in treating these advanced cases of
The Social-Contract Model of Professionalism: Baby or Bath Water?
Authors: Jacob E. Kurlander, Karine Morin, Matthew K. Wynia
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2004)

(2004). The Social-Contract Model of Professionalism: Baby or Bath Water? The American Journal of Bioethics: Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 33-36.
Comparative studies on the cytotoxicity of amphibole and serpentine asbestos.
Authors: J E Craighead, B T Mossman, B J Bradley
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1980)

The chemical and physical properties of serpentine and amphibole asbestos are considered in the context of their interaction with tissue of the tracheobronchial tree and lungs. In vitro studies in cultures of several types are evaluated and work with the erythrocyte hemolysis system is reviewed. Although fibers of the two major mineral types differ substantially, it is likely they are modified by secretions and membranes of cells after inhalation to the respiratory tract. Investigations using virgin asbestos might not provide an accurate picture of events in vitro.
Please don't touch me there: the ethics of intimate examinations: How medical students are being taught at University of Antwerp
Authors: K. Hendrickx
Journal: BMJ (2003)

EDITOR—Coldicott et al highlight concerns about teaching intimate examinations.1 Our current programme for fifth year medical students could serve as a model for dealing with these legitimate problems. The project was approved by our ethics committee.

Twenty healthy volunteers were recruited as intimate examination assistants and screened for their characteristics and motivation. All gave their signed informed …
In hematopoietic cells with a germline mutation of CBL, loss of heterozygosity is not a signature of juvenile myelo-monocytic leukemia
Authors: M Strullu, A Caye, B Cassinat, O Fenneteau, F Touzot, T Blauwblomme, R Rodriguez, S Latour, A Petit, V Barlogis, C Galambrun, T Leblanc, A Baruchel, C Chomienne, H Cavé
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
New Adapter for Injecting Contrast Media
Authors: Roscoe E. Miller
Journal: JAMA (1963)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —A new multi-purpose adapter for injecting contrast material has been designed and given a 3-yr clinical trial in the Department of Radiology at Indiana University. The new adapter is useful in injecting contrast material into esophageal, gastric, and duodenal tubes of various calibres. It is used as well with the different diameters of "T" tubes used for cholangiograms. The adapter also fits gastrostomy tubes used for postsurgical examinations of the stomach. It can be used with various catheters for cystograms, injections of sinus tracts, and aspiration. This device eliminates the annoying problem of contrast material squirting back around the usual adapter because it is not large enough to efficiently seal the tubing. In the past, it was often necessary to cut the flared end of the tubing or catheter in an attempt to fit the old adapter. The new adapter measures approximately 3 in. in over-all length,
Only if she has a fishing rod!
Authors: R. Towey, E. Kimaro
Journal: BMJ (1998)

It is difficult carrying out a research project in sub-Saharan Africa if you are local doctors. The clinical workload is heavy and there are few trained staff, and because of the lack of supporting infrastructure every task requires more energy than you anticipate. We tried to answer one question: “What are the obstacles to safe anaesthesia in the rural districts of our catchment area?”

We are based in an urban centre on the southern shores of Lake Victoria in Tanzania, east Africa, in the tertiary referral hospital for a population of eight million. We knew from informal feedback from the anaesthetists in the outlying districts that there were many problems, but we wanted hard data, not anecdotes. Where were the obstacles? Was it lack of drugs, equipment, or personnel? With the help of funds from the Irish Government aid agency, HEDCO, we did a survey of an area of 67 500 square kilometres with a population of four million.

This survey was no easy task. It meant that one of us (EK) had to visit the 27 hospitals in the region, some in very remote …
Ly6Chi Monocytes in the Inflamed Colon Give Rise to Proinflammatory Effector Cells and Migratory Antigen-Presenting Cells
Authors: Ehud Zigmond, Chen Varol, Julia Farache, Elinor Elmaliah, Ansuman T. Satpathy, Gilgi Friedlander, Matthias Mack, Nahum Shpigel, Ivo G. Boneca, Kenneth M. Murphy, Guy Shakhar, Zamir Halpern, Steffen Jung
Journal: Immunity (2012)
Patterns of Atrioventricular Conduction in the Human Heart
Authors: ANDREW L. WIT, MELVIN B. WEISS, WALTER D. BERKOWITZ, KENNETH M. ROSEN, CHARLES STEINER, Anthony N. Damato
Journal: Circulation Research (1970)

Atrial, His bundle (H), and ventricular electrograms were recorded by an electrode catheter in unanesthetized man. Conduction time through the atrioventricular (A-V) conduction system was subdivided into A-V nodal (A-H interval) and ventricular specialized conduction system (H-V interval). The right atrium was driven at a constant rate and the pattern of A-V conduction of premature atrial test impulses was determined as they occurred progressively earlier in the cardiac cycle. In the type 1 response, conduction delay and block were limited to the A-V node only. The type 2 response was characterized by progressive conduction delay in both the A-V node and ventricular specialized conduction system with block occurring in several instances in the latter. In the type 3 response there was also a progressive delay in A-V nodal conduction time, and a sudden marked delay in conduction in the ventricular specialized conduction system. Conduction block occurred distal to the His bundle depolarization. The relevance of conduction delay and block in the different regions of the A-V conduction system to the full recovery time and the relative, functional, and effective refractory periods of A-V conduction are indicated.
Bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia in a patient with ulcerative colitis.
Authors: C R Swinburn, G J Jackson, I Cobden, T Ashcroft, G N Morritt, P A Corris
Journal: Thorax (1988)

A young woman with ulcerative colitis developed pneumonia, which responded to corticosteroids. Histological examination showed this to be bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia.
Hyperlipidemia in the Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: William F. Keane, Bertram L. Kasiske
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1990)

Although all agree that elevations in serum lipid levels are an integral part of the nephrotic syndrome, almost every other aspect of this secondary hyperlipidemia has been a source of controversy. The study reported by Joven et al. in this issue of the Journal 1 is one of many recent investigations that have attempted to answer several important questions, including the following: What specific lipoprotein abnormalities characterize patients with the nephrotic syndrome? Are the elevated levels of lipoprotein caused by increased production, decreased catabolism, or both? How does proteinuria cause hyperlipidemia? Does the hyperlipidemia in patients with the nephrotic syndrome cause . . .
The Editor, 'The British Journal of Dermatology'. Atopic dermatitis and persistent lactation.
Authors: Julian L. Verbov
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1967)

Journal Article The Editor, ‘The British Journal of Dermatology’. Atopic dermatitis and persistent lactation. Get access Julian L. Verbov Julian L. Verbov Department of Dermatology, Guy's Hospital, London, S.E.I Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 79, Issue 12, 1 December 1967, Pages 726–727, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1967.tb11452.x Published: 01 December 1967
Improvement in Congenital Heart Surgery in a Developing Country
Authors: Luis A. Larrazabal, Kathy J. Jenkins, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Vladimiro L. Vida, Oscar J. Benavidez, Guillermo A. Gaitán, Flor Garcia, Aldo R. Castañeda
Journal: Circulation (2007)

In 1997, an effort was made to disseminate US pediatric cardiac surgical practices to create a new comprehensive program in Guatemala. The objective of this study was to describe the improvement of the program by exploring the reduction in risk-adjusted in-hospital mortality.A retrospective cohort study of surgical procedures performed in Guatemala from February 1997 to July 2004 was conducted. Data were divided into 3 time periods (1997 to 1999, 2000 to 2002, and 2003 to 2004) and compared with a US benchmark (2000 Kids' Inpatient Database of 27 states and 313 institutions). The risk adjustment for congenital heart surgery (RACHS-1) method was used to adjust for case mix. Mortality rates, standardized mortality ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated. A total of 1215 surgical procedures were included. Median age was 3.1 years (range, 1 day to 17.9 years). The overall mortality was 10.7% (n=130). The RACHS-1 method showed better discrimination than in prior reports (area under receiver operating characteristic curve=0.854). A decreasing trend in mortality rate was observed in every RACHS-1 risk category over the 3 time periods. When compared against the US benchmark, the reduction in risk-adjusted mortality was noted by a decrease of standardized mortality ratio from 10.0 (95% confidence interval, 7.2 to 13.7) in 1997-1999, to 7.8 (95% confidence interval, 5.9 to 10.0) in 2000-2002, and to 5.7 (95% confidence interval, 3.8 to 8.3) in 2003-2004.In a short time period, mortality after congenital heart surgery has been reduced substantially in Guatemala. Measurement of risk-adjusted mortality is a useful method to assess pediatric cardiac program improvement in the developing world.
Living With Radiation: The Risk, the Promise
Authors: Richard Wilson
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Most of us think that we understand the heat that we feel, the light that we see, and even chemicals, if we can smell them. But, for most people, imperceptible ionizing electromagnetic radiation, x-rays and gamma rays, and fast charged particles are a mystery. Most people know that these entities, loosely described as "radiation," can cause great havoc to tissue, but do not seem to know that they have always been with us in some measure, and that a careful, selective use of them is highly beneficial. Only a limited number of people have the experience and capability to understand how much is good and how much excessive. Nevertheless, many more want to participate in decisions involving radiation. The fact that an atom is radioactive and emits ionizing radiation is not necessarily bad. These atoms can be dangerous in large quanitity, yet safe and useful in small quantity. When we
Limb vascular responsiveness to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: M A Creager, R J Quigg, C J Ren, M A Roddy, W S Colucci
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND In patients with congestive heart failure, the chronotropic and inotropic responses to beta-adrenergic agonists are reduced. It is not known whether desensitization of peripheral beta-adrenoceptors accounts for impaired limb vasodilation in these patients. Accordingly, we studied 14 normal subjects and 13 age-matched patients with congestive heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS To distinguish vasodilation mediated by beta-adrenoceptors and adenylate cyclase from that mediated by stimulation of guanylate cyclase, each subject received intrabrachial artery infusions of isoproterenol (1-100 ng/min) and sodium nitroprusside (0.3-10 micrograms/min), respectively. Forearm blood flow was determined by venous occlusion plethysmography. Maximal vasodilative potential, determined during reactive hyperemia, was reduced in the patients with congestive heart failure. The maximal forearm blood flow response to isoproterenol was comparable in patients with heart failure and in normal subjects (8.0 +/- 1.1 versus 9.2 +/- 1.2 ml/100 ml of tissue/min, respectively, p = NS). Furthermore, the dose-response relation to isoproterenol was similar in both groups. Likewise, the forearm vasodilative response to sodium nitroprusside was preserved in the heart failure group. Plasma concentration of norepinephrine was higher in the patients with heart failure (436 +/- 34 versus 201 +/- 74 pg/ml, p less than 0.01). When both groups were considered, there was no correlation between norepinephrine levels and the maximal forearm blood flow response to isoproterenol (r = 0.10, p = NS). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that beta-adrenoceptor desensitization does not occur in the limb vessels of patients with congestive heart failure.
Exercise and coronary heart disease
Authors: J A W Wildsmith
Journal: BMJ (1987)

cant," this equates to a bacterial density of 200/ml.This "sensitive" diagnostic criterion was proposed by Stamm for patients with frequency ofmicturition, not pregnant women.3Moreover, criticisms4 of Stamm's hypothesis have not been rebutted.The absurdity of regarding a single colony on the culture plate as "significant" is illustrated by the appearance of Candida albicans as a cause of bacteriuria at Northwick Park.For the same reason it becomes difficult to discern how many women with asymptomatic "bacteriuria" were genuinely infected.It was wrong, however, to suggest that previous workers examined only one urine and therefore treated uninfected women, giving artificially high success rates.At least two25 or three6 specimens were cultured.It is Dr M E Foley and coworkers (25 July, p 270) who could be criticised on this account, so their reported incidence of pyelo- nephritis in women with untreated bacteriuria may well be spuriously low.Moreover, the "low" (12-5%) incidence of pyelonephritis in such women at North- wick Park was extrapolated from just one case out of eight.The 95% confidence interval for the real incidence in such a small sample is 0 to 35%.In other words, there is no significant difference between the incidence of pyelonephritis at Northwick Park and that reported previously.256Finally, the four cases of pyelonephritis which occurred after treatment were in women who were recognised either to have relapsed or to have become reinfected.If no further treatment was given it is hardly surprising that they developed complications.