tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1074: Keratinocyte growth factor suppresses malignant phenotype of cutaneous squamous carcinoma cells
Authors: Mervi Toriseva, Risto Ala-aho, Juha Peltonen, Sirkku Peltonen, Reidar Grenman, Veli-Matti Kahari
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF, fibroblast growth factor-7) is a fibroblast-derived mitogen, which stimulates proliferation of epithelial cells. The expression of KGF by dermal fibroblasts is induced following injury and it promotes wound repair. However, the role of KGF in cutaneous carcinogenesis and cancer progression is not known. Here, we have examined the role of KGF in progression of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin. The expression of KGF receptor (KGFR) mRNA was lower in cutaneous SCCs (n=6) than in normal skin samples (n=5). Expression of KGFR mRNA was detected in 6 out of 8 cutaneous SCC cell lines and the levels were downregulated by 24-h treatment with KGF. KGF did not stimulate SCC cell proliferation, but it reduced invasion of SCC cells through collagen. Gene expression profiling of three cutaneous SCC cell lines treated with KGF for 24 h revealed a specific gene expression signature characterized by upregulation of a set of genes specifically downregulated in SCC cells compared to normal epidermal keratinocytes, including genes with tumor suppressing properties (SPRY4, DUSP4, DUSP6, LRIG1, PHLDA1). KGF also induced downregulation of a set of genes specifically upregulated in SCC cells compared to normal epidermal keratinocytes, including genes associated with tumor progression (MMP13, MATN2, CXCL10, and IGFBP3). Downregulation of MMP-13 and KGFR expression in SCC cells and HaCaT cells was mediated via ERK1/2. Activation of ERK1/2 in HaCaT cells and tumorigenic Ha-ras-transformed HaCaT cells resulted in downregulation of MMP-13 and KGFR expression. These results provide evidence, that KGF does not promote progression of cutaneous SCC, but it suppresses the malignant phenotype of cutaneous SCC cells by regulating the expression of several genes differentially expressed in SCC cells, as compared to normal epidermal keratinocytes. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 1074. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-1074
765-4 Adhesiveness of Mononuclear Cells is Increased in Hypercholesterolemic Humans, and Reduced by the NO Precursor
Authors: Gregor Theilmeier, Bing-yin Wang, Christoff Zalpour, Adrian Ma, Barbara Anderson, Andreas Wolf, Robert C. Candipan, Philip S. Tsao, John P. Cooke
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1995)
RECENT ADVANCES IN THE RELATION BETWEEN CHEMICAL STRUCTURE AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTION
Authors: J. M. Fortescue-Brickdale
Journal: BMJ (1915)

<h3>Background</h3> In January 2019, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) market leader Juul Labs (JUUL) launched an advertising campaign encouraging adult smokers to ‘make the switch’ from combustible cigarettes to JUUL. Our primary aim was to describe consumer perceptions of JUUL as communicated by members of JUUL’s online social community via testimonials promoted on JUUL’s website. <h3>Methods</h3> User testimonials that were displayed on the JUUL website in December 2019 and January 2020 were collected and coded by three reviewers. A total of 220 testimonials were coded for primary and secondary themes (eight codes within four broader themes). <h3>Results</h3> Testimonial writers were, on average, 43.0 years old (range 28 to 74) and reported using JUUL for an average of 21.8 months (range 9 to 59 months). The most prominent theme, present in nearly half of the testimonials, was a description of how to use JUUL, with a mention of JUUL’s benefits and tips on how to use the product. Nearly four in 10 statements encouraged smokers to give JUUL a try or noted that JUUL is a better product compared with cigarettes. About one in 10 statements focused on switching from smoking cigarettes to using JUUL. <h3>Conclusion</h3> This study presents a foundation for understanding how adult users describe JUUL, including their experiences using JUUL to ‘switch’ or stop smoking. Currently, the effectiveness of ENDS for smoking cessation is not supported by substantial evidence; however, if cessation is defined as ‘quitting combustible tobacco products’, then regulators should be aware that switch and cessation messages may not be distinct.
Abstract 1023: NOV C-ter: A novel preclinical anti-angiogenic agent
Authors: Junfeng Luo, Yong Teng, Minghui Li, Theodore S. Johnson, Franck Cuttitta, Zhengtao Chu, Xiaoyang Qi, John K. Cowell, Olivier Rixe
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract NOV (Nephroblastoma OVerexpressed) C-ter (NOV C-ter) is the carboxy-terminal sequence (170aa) of NOV/CCN3 protein. NOV/CCN3 (357aa), a member of CCN family, is secreted by quiescent endothelial cells and is involved in the regulation of various cellular functions including angiogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, survival, adhesion and migration. Although NOV C-ter does not have a direct cytotoxic effect when tested on a large panel of human cell lines including the NCI 60 cell lines (NCI Drug Screening Program), our data demonstrates significant anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor effects in a variety of experimental models. NOV C-ter inhibits in vitro endothelial cell tube formation in a dose-dependent fashion, using endothelial cells derived from porcine aorta, human microvasculature, or human umbilical vein (HUVECs). In addition, NOV C-ter impairs HUVEC proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion. Interestingly, inhibition of HUVEC proliferation occurs via interference with growth-promoting signals involving Apelin-13 and adenomedullin. Furthermore, NOV C-ter specifically reduced phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt in endothelial cells, with no significant effect on the p44/42 (ERK1/2) pathway. In vivo, NOV C-ter had significant anti-tumor effect as a single agent in a murine glioblastoma xenograft model using human X-12 culture-adapted cells and in a nude mouse xenograft model using human non-small-cell lung cancer cells (A549). In these two systems, NOV C-ter provided superior survival benefit compared to treatment with bevacizumab or vehicle (PBS). Similarly, NOV C-ter significantly increased overall survival versus vehicle (PBS), an effect which was comparable to temozolomide treatment, in a murine syngeneic orthotopic glioblastoma model using the GL-261 cell line. To directly study the effect of NOV C-ter on angiogenesis, we treated zebrafish embryos prior to the onset of angiogenesis, and found a considerable reduction in vessel formation compared to bevacizumab-treated or untreated zebrafish. NOV C-ter also reduced tumor neovascularization in human breast cancer (T47D cell line) implanted in zebrafish. In summary, NOV C-ter demonstrates anti-angiogenic and tumoricidal effects via a novel mechanism of action. Mechanistic studies of NOV C-ter are underway to evaluate its precise effects on key signaling pathways in endothelial cells. Preclinical pharmacology and toxicology studies are also underway with a plan to advance to early-phase clinical trials. Citation Format: Junfeng Luo, Yong Teng, Minghui Li, Theodore S. Johnson, Franck Cuttitta, Zhengtao Chu, Xiaoyang Qi, John K. Cowell, Olivier Rixe. NOV C-ter: A novel preclinical anti-angiogenic agent. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1023. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1023
F-18 FDG PET/CT Imaging of Multifocal Extramedullary Pancreatic Myeloma
Authors: Ba D. Nguyen, Panol C. Ram
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

Features of extramedullary pancreatic involvement in multiple myeloma have been reported with ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The cross-sectional imaging evaluation of this uncommon lesion is usually initiated by the patient's abdominal pain and biliary/gastrointestinal obstructive symptomatology. In this presentation, the authors add the functional PET/CT detection of unexpected and asymptomatic multifocal pancreatic myeloma.
Trends in Prostatic Surgery
Authors: John L. McCormack, Alexander W. Kretz, Ronald Tocantins, Ole A. Nelson, Lloyd H. Mousel
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Selection of open techniques for prostatic surgery has increased in frequency since the end of World War II. In an effect to discern the results of these changes we reviewed the records of 3,377 patients having either open or closed prostatectomies performed in a large general hospital since 1946. We found an overall mortality rate of 1.1% with a lower rate of 0.7% for the open procedures. Postoperative hemorrhage, the most frequent complication of prostatectomy, was compared, as was the incidence of reoperations and combined surgical procedures. These data support the increased selection of open prostatectomy.
Circumcision — A Surgical Strategy for HIV Prevention in Africa
Authors: Ingrid T. Katz, Alexi A. Wright
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Drs. Ingrid Katz and Alexi Wright report that, in a radical departure from earlier strategies, public health officials are now arguing that circumcision of men should be a key weapon in the fight against infection with HIV in Africa. Skeptics argue that efforts to “scale-up” circumcision programs on the continent that has the fewest physicians per capita may draw funds away from other necessary public health programs.
TCT-92 Discordance Between Myocardial Blush Grade And ST-Segment Resolution In STEMI After Primary PCI: Does The Residual Intrastent Thrombus Play A Role?
Authors: fabrizio imola, Laura Gatto, Enrico Romagnoli, vito ramazzotti, alessandro pappalardo, mario albertucci, Francesco Prati
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Surgical Treatment of Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: René Menguy
Journal: JAMA (1974)

BECAUSE glandular carcinomas of the stomach are not very sensitive to roentgen therapy, and respond poorly, if at all, to the chemotherapeutic agents currently available, the only possible curative solution to gastric carcinoma is surgical excision of the lesion. The operation should be performed prior to the development of metastases beyond the confines of the stomach and adjacent lymphatic pathways. The history of surgery of gastric cancer began in 1881 when Billroth<sup>9</sup>performed the first partial gastrectomy for cancer. In 1897, Schlatter<sup>10</sup>performed the first total gastrectomy for cancer. During the first half of this century, surgical operations for gastric cancer became more and more extensive, and surgical techniques and knowledge of preoperative and postoperative care reached greater degrees of sophistication. By the 1940s, a total gastrectomy had become the operation of choice for gastric cancer in many clinics throughout the world. During the early 1950s, in some
H7N9 virus is more transmissible and harder to detect than H5N1, say experts
Authors: J. Parry
Journal: BMJ (2013)

In the two months since it was first detected, the H7N9 avian flu virus has resulted in almost twice as many confirmed infections in China as the H5N1 bird flu virus caused in a decade. As at 19 April the Chinese authorities had confirmed 87 cases in humans of H7N9 infection, including 17 deaths.

“The first case of H5N1 was confirmed in 2003, and there have been only 45 confirmed cases in the whole of China. H7N9 is much more transmissible to humans, and it’s much more difficult to track down,” said Ho Pak-leung, associate professor in …
The choking child: back bangers against front pushers.
Authors: D P Addy
Journal: BMJ (1983)

One of the most frightening experiences of my life happened when our elder son was 3 years old. One morning my wife called me urgently into his bedroom, where I found him deeply cyanosed and making ineffectual respiratory efforts. Some older visiting children had given him a gob stopper. With thoughts racing through my mind of where in the house would I find a knife sharp enough to attempt emergency tracheostomy, I turned him upside down over my knee and banged his back with the side of my fist several times. Never have I been more relieved than when I saw that sweet roll across the bedroom floor. That is my sole experience of managing this emergency, and until recently I was unaware of the controversy that has raged about its correct management since Heimlich described his method of abdominal compression.1 Discussion with colleagues suggests that this ignorance is widespread.
Oil, health, and health care
Authors: A. E. Raffle
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Future health and prosperity require that we prepare for life without cheap oil

The April 2010 oil leak in the Mexican Gulf illustrates the risks being taken to extract oil from inaccessible fields, and in June a Lloyd’s 360° risk insight report said, “we have entered a period of deep uncertainty in how we will source energy for power, heat and mobility and how much we will pay for it.”1 The reason why such damaging extraction methods are pursued, and why Lloyd’s are telling us we face a “new energy paradigm” rather than normal market volatility, is that oil discoveries peaked 40 years ago, and oil supply is probably at its maximum, with decline soon to follow.2 This has substantial implications for transport, food, jobs, health, and health care.3 Yet many people still haven’t heard of “peak oil” and few are discussing it⇓. 



Phillip Hayson/Science Photo Library

The International Energy Agency says that we are running out of time to build the skills, systems, and infrastructure needed for a prosperous future.4 They forecast a depleted energy supply in the next decade. Energy availability underpins economic growth, and without the opportunity for future repayment of debt the financial system as we know it could stop working.5

The science of peak oil is not difficult.6 Nation by nation, oil discovery has risen then declined in a bell shaped curve. Production follows a similar curve and peaks some 40 years after peak discovery. Global discovery peaked …
Left ventricular 1 and 2 adrenoceptor mRNA expression in normal and volume overloaded human heart
Authors: C. Sylven, P. Arner, L. Hellstrom, E. Jansson, P. Sotonyi, A. Somogyi, M. Bronnegard
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Study objective — The aim was to determine gene expressions of β1 and β2 adrenoceptor subtypes (BAR-1, BAR-2) in normal and volume overloaded human heart. Design — Tissue mRNA levels were determined by excess solution hybridisation using 35S-UTP labelled BAR-1 and BAR-2 cRNA probes. Material — Atrium, right and left ventricular subendocardium, and papillary muscle from donor hearts and papillary muscle from patients operated for mitral stenosis and mitral regurgitation were studied. Measurements and main results — The basal levels of myocardial BAR-1 and BAR-2 mRNA expression were similar to the levels in human adipose tissue that have been reported previously from our laboratory (10-15 amol mRNA·μg−1 total nucleic acids). No differences in BAR-1 and BAR-2 mRNA expression were observed between various parts of the normal heart. In papillary muscle, BAR-1 and BAR-2 mRNA levels were 8.8 (SEM 5.1) and 10.2(6.6) amol·μg−1 total nucleic acids, respectively. Furthermore, no differences in BAR mRNA expression were observed between myocardium subjected to mitral stenosis as compared to normal myocardium. On the other hand, patients with mitral regurgitation expressed significantly lower levels of both BAR-1 and BAR-2 mRNA, at 4.8(1.0) (p<0.05) and 2.6(1.1) (p<0.001) amol·μg−1 total nucleic acids, respectively. The ratio BAR-1/BAR-2 mRNA was higher (p<0.01) in mitral regurgitation than in the normal heart. Conclusions — Myocardium from different parts of the normal human heart, where different pressure work is generated, express similar levels of BAR-1 and BAR-2 mRNA. With volume load a significant decrease in BAR mRNA levels was observed, which was more marked for BAR-2 mRNA. This difference in specific mRNA levels in patients with mitral regurgitation indicates an independent regulation of the expression of these two receptor subtypes.
DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF OTTAWA ANKLE RULES: SIMPLE GUIDELINES WITH HIGH SENSITIVITY
Authors: Ramim Tayeb
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2013)

Purpose Ankle and foot injuries are one of the most common acute sport injuries. The objective was to conduct a study to determine the accuracy of the Ottawa Ankle Rules (OARs) to rule out ankle and midfoot fractures in athletes' population presenting with blunt ankle and midfoot injuries. Methods Two physicians assessed the OARs in 1156 athletes and 1329 radiographs. Radiography was performed in each patient after clinical evaluation. Findings were recorded. An expert radiologist who was blinded to clinical exanimation interpreted the radiographs. Findings Of the 1329 radiographs from ankle and midfoot trauma, 93 ankle and 71 midfoot fractures were diagnosed. All cases with a fracture had a positive OARs result (sensitivity 100% 95% CI; 97–100) and of 1165 radiographs without a fracture, the OARs were negative in 439 cases (specificity 37%; 34–40).The corresponding potential savings in radiographs was 33% using the OAR. The interobserver agreement for our two independent assessors was substantial. (κ=0.79, SE=0.11). Conclusion This validation study of the OARs in an Iranian athletes' population produced similar results than those published previously in various other settings. We confirmed the previous studies that the OARs could be a reliable tool to exclude fractures and could aid sport medicine physicians make proper decisions on field and in clinic about athletes who suffered from ankle and midfoot trauma. Employing OARs would significantly decrease radiography requests and costs.
The Postthrombotic Syndrome: Evidence-Based Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment Strategies
Authors: Susan R. Kahn, Anthony J. Comerota, Mary Cushman, Natalie S. Evans, Jeffrey S. Ginsberg, Neil A. Goldenberg, Deepak K. Gupta, Paolo Prandoni, Suresh Vedantham, M. Eileen Walsh, Jeffrey I. Weitz
Journal: Circulation (2014)
Exposing Life-Support Systems to Mentally Incompetent Patients
Authors: William R. Cunnick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

To the Editor.—  An employee recently told me that her mother was in the hospital with respiratory insufficiency requiring respirator support.  A mentally incompetent patient was placed in the same room with the mother. When restrained, the incompetent patient caused great commotion; when unrestrained, she wandered about the floor into other patients' rooms and began tampering with equipment. This interference was usually intercepted by the staff. However, on one occasion, the mother's respirator was disconnected by the incompetent patient and the mother died.  Physicians and hospital staff frequently must make difficult decisions about placement of patients, but the mentally incompetent must never be allowed access to vital life-support systems.
Growth-dependent alterations of intracellular Ca(2+)-handling mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle cells. PDGF negatively regulates functional expression of voltage-dependent, IP3-mediated, and CA(2+)-induced Ca2+ release channels.
Authors: M Masuo, T Toyo-oka, W S Shin, T Sugimoto
Journal: Circulation Research (1991)

To examine the alterations of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i)-handling mechanisms in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of rat aorta (Shin et al Circ Res 1991;69:551-556), we stimulated VSMCs by extracellular high K+, caffeine, and angiotensin II and evaluated Ca2+ influx through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, Ca(2+)-induced Ca2+ release, and inositol trisphosphate-dependent Ca2+ release from internal stores. Percentage of VSMCs responding to each stimulant (responder ratio) and degree of [Ca2+]i increase in the responding cells were analyzed by a two-dimensional fura-2 imaging system. The responder ratios to the three stimulants were high (70-90%) in the quiescent phase (days 1-2), although some cells selectively responded to one or two of the stimulants. Responder ratios prominently decreased to approximately 20% in the proliferating phase (days 2.5-3). In the subconfluent (days 3.5-4) and postconfluent (days 5-6) phases, the responder ratio to high K+ and angiotensin II recovered to the same level as during the quiescent phase, whereas that to caffeine remained low (approximately 10-20%). In responding cells, the degree of [Ca2+]i increase by caffeine and angiotensin II was stable (approximately 100%) during culturing, whereas that to high K+ was small (approximately 30-40%) in the quiescent and proliferating phases and rapidly increased threefold in the subconfluent and postconfluent phases. Furthermore, arrest of cell growth in serum-free medium prevented the reduction of responder ratios in the proliferating phase and restored the decreased ratio of the caffeine responder. Acceleration of VSMC proliferation by platelet-derived growth factor decreased the ratios in all phases. These results imply that 1) the functional expressions of [Ca2+]i-handling mechanisms in response to these vasoactive stimuli are influenced by cell growth and cytodifferentiation of VSMCs or platelet-derived growth factor and 2) they are regulated independently from each other.
Micro-stamped surfaces for the patterned growth of neural stem cells
Authors: Ana Ruiz, Leonora Buzanska, Douglas Gilliland, Hubert Rauscher, Lucel Sirghi, Tomasz Sobanski, Marzena Zychowicz, Laura Ceriotti, Frederic Bretagnol, Sandra Coecke, Pascal Colpo, François Rossi
Journal: Biomaterials (2008)
More than 100 sperm and egg donors prove ready to reveal identity to offspring
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Dozens of sperm and egg donors who gave their gametes anonymously have reregistered to allow their identities to be revealed to their donor offspring once the new register of the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) opens in 2010.

Some 90 people who donated gametes between August 1991, when the HFEA came into being, and April 2005, when the right to anonymity was abolished, have reregistered as identifiable, it emerged this week.

Around 50 donors who gave sperm before August 1991 have also registered with UK DonorLink, a voluntary register set up in 2004 …
Association of the <i>APOLIPOPROTEIN A1/C3/A4/A5</i> Gene Cluster With Triglyceride Levels and LDL Particle Size in Familial Combined Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Rebecca Mar, Päivi Pajukanta, Hooman Allayee, Martine Groenendijk, Geesje Dallinga-Thie, Ronald M. Krauss, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Rita M. Cantor, Tjerk W.A. de Bruin, Aldons J. Lusis
Journal: Circulation Research (2004)

The APOLIPOPROTEIN (APO)A1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster on chromosome 11 has been hypothesized to be a modifier of plasma triglycerides in FCH. In the present study, we extended previous association analyses of the gene cluster to include APOA5, a newly discovered member of the cluster. Eight SNPs across the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene region were analyzed in 78 FCH probands and their normolipidemic spouses as well as in 27 Dutch FCH families. Of the individual SNPs tested in the case-control panel, the strongest evidence of association was obtained with SNPs in APOA1 (P=0.001) and APOA5 (P=0.001). A single haplotype defined by a missense mutation in APOA5 was enriched 3-fold in FCH probands when compared with the normolipidemic spouses (P=0.001) and a second haplotype was significantly enriched in the spouses (P=0.001). Family-based tests also indicated significant association of triglyceride levels and LDL particle size with the investigated SNPs of APOC3 and APOA5. These findings suggest that genetic variation in the APOA1/C3/A4/A5 gene cluster acts as a modifier of plasma triglyceride levels and LDL particle size within FCH families and furthermore indicate that a number of haplotypes may contribute to FCH.