tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
NAIL ANOMALIES IN HODGKIN'S DISEASE
Authors: E. J. Raffle
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1974)

British Journal of DermatologyVolume 90, Issue 5 p. 585-586 NAIL ANOMALIES IN HODGKIN'S DISEASE E. J. Raffle, E. J. Raffle Department of Dermatology, The University, DundeeSearch for more papers by this author E. J. Raffle, E. J. Raffle Department of Dermatology, The University, DundeeSearch for more papers by this author First published: May 1974 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1974.tb06462.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Volume90, Issue5May 1974Pages 585-586 RelatedInformation
Managing cleft lip and palate
Authors: G. Davies, J. Partridge
Journal: BMJ (1996)

such as age and social class) are found to be associated, even after adjustment, it seems sensible to treat such associations with caution until evidence of causality can be obtained-in this case from a prospective randomised controlled trial of the eradication of H pylon infection.We therefore believe that eradication of Hpyloni infection on the grounds of the risk of cardiovascular disease alone, like that of gastric cancer alone,4 is not supported by the current evidence.
Variable Impact of Combining Fatal and Nonfatal End Points in Heart Failure Trials
Authors: Hicham Skali, Marc A. Pfeffer, Jacobus Lubsen, Scott D. Solomon
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) are a cornerstone of evidence-based medicine. Their design, implementation, and interpretation are sometimes subject to flaws and errors. To achieve statistical significance and economically feasible RCTs, the use of composite end points in heart failure (HF) trials has become more common. We analyzed the incremental value of combining HF hospitalizations with all-cause mortality in trials of chronic HF that enrolled &gt;1000 placebo patients and had a mean follow-up &gt;9 months. We tested the assumption that, compared with mortality, combining HF hospitalization with all-cause death would yield a consistently predictable increase in event rate across HF RCTs. Average placebo arm duration of follow-up was determined, and standardized placebo event rates per 100 patient-years were estimated. Twelve major HF RCTs were included in this analysis. There was a substantial relative increase in the event rate ranging from 64% to 134% when a composite end point was used. This increase was not related to disease severity as described by annual mortality rate. The relative contribution of combining HF hospitalization with all-cause mortality was, however, influenced by the duration of the trial. Combining HF hospitalization with all-cause mortality increases the overall event rate in HF clinical trials; the relative increase varies widely and is unrelated to disease severity. Longer-duration trials have a more predictable increase in events than short RCTs. Trial duration must be considered when composite end points are used during the design and interpretation of HF RCTs.
Abnormal expression of the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex on the luminal surface of biliary epithelium occurs before major histocompatibility complex class II and BB1/B7 expression
Authors: Koichi Tsuneyama, Judy van de Water, Patrick S. C. Leung, Sanghoon Cha, Yasuni Nakanuma, Marshall Kaplan, Ronald de Lellis, Ross Coppel, Aftab Ansari, Eric M. Gershwin
Journal: Hepatology (1995)

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease characterized histologically by nonsuppurative destructive cholangitis. Sera from patients with PBC react with a series of intramitochondrial enzymes with the immunodominant response directed against the E2 component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC-E2). Recently, using tissue sections of late-stage PBC, we showed that there is increased expression in biliary epithelial cells of patients with PDC-E2 or a molecule cross-reactive with PDC-E2. Previous work has shown that biliary epithelial cells of patients with PBC express an increased amount of class II. To address the sequence of events in the evolution of PBC, we have focused our attention in this study on early biliary epithelial lesions. In particular, we have studied the liver of 22 female patients with PBC that was diagnosed as either stage I or stage II using both a mouse monoclonal antibody that has reactivity similar to human autoantibodies as well as a human Fab combinatorial prepared from the lymph node of a PBC patient. Tissues were simultaneously stained using antibodies to PDC-E2, class II, and BB1/B7. As a positive control, tissues from late-stage PBC were studied concurrently. By determining the order of expression among the three molecules, PDC-E2, class II, and BB1/B7, we report that the expression of PDC-E2 or a PDC-E2-like molecule on biliary duct epithelium of patients with PBC precedes the expression of BB1/B7 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules. The alteration of an autoantigen in biliary duct epithelium may be the earliest lesion in PBC.
Developing brain as a target of toxicity.
Authors: P M Rodier
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1995)

The human brain forms over an unusually long period compared to other organs. While most of the basic structure is laid down before birth, neuron proliferation and migration continue in the postnatal period. The blood-brain barrier is not fully developed until the middle of the first year of life. The number of synaptic connections between neurons reaches a peak around age two and is then trimmed back by about half. Similarly, there is great postnatal activity in the development of receptors and transmitter systems as well as in the production of myelin. Many of the toxic agents known to damage the developing brain interfere with one or more of these developmental processes. Those with antimitotic action, such as X-ray and methyl mercury, have distinctly different effects on structure depending on which neurons are forming at the time of exposure. Vulnerability to agents that interfere with cell production decreases rapidly over the early postnatal period. Other toxic substances, such as psychoactive drugs and agents that alter hormone levels, are especially hazardous during synaptogenesis and the development of transmitter systems, and thus continue to be damaging for years after birth. Still other toxic substances such as lead, seem to have their greatest effects during even later stages of brain development, perhaps by interfering with the trimming back of connections. Guidelines designed to protect human populations from developmental neurotoxicity need to take into account the changing sensitivity of the brain as it passes through different developmental stages, as well as the fundamental differences in the effects of toxicants on the mature and the developing brain.
Setting a strategy for health.
Authors: D. Breen, J. Chalmers, I. McLean
Journal: BMJ (1992)

same false positive rate are used24 the "consumer" confidence in the risk is likely to be enhanced.We are prospectively evaluating use of the maternal serum marker free Ds human chorionic gonadotrophin in a screening programme (in conjunction with maternal serum a fetoprotein concentration).Though the study is not complete, preliminary data from screening 6000 pregnancies have shown that of the nine fetuses in this population confirmed cytogenetically to have Down's syndrome, eight were identified by the screening programme-that is, a detection rate of 89%.To achieve this detection rate 330 women whose fetuses did not have the syndrome were identified as having a risk greater than 1 in 300.This is equivalent to a false positive rate of 5-5%.What is even more surprising is that of these 330 women at increased risk, 294 (89%) took up the offer of amniocentesis.This figure remained fairly constant across the bands of risk, with 91 4% uptake for a risk greater than 1 in 100, 90 8% for a risk greater than 1 in 200, and 89% for a risk greater than 1 in 250.Clearly, rates of uptake of amniocentesis will vary as a result of many factors, of which efficiency of detection and confidence in the screening programme are but two.Clinicians and managers should be clear ofthe errors in making comparisons and projections from less efficient screening protocols.
Expression of the Cytoplasmic Tail of LMP1 in Mice Induces Hyperactivation of B Lymphocytes and Disordered Lymphoid Architecture
Authors: Laura L. Stunz, Lisa K. Busch, Melissa E. Munroe, Curt D. Sigmund, Lorraine T. Tygrett, Thomas J. Waldschmidt, Gail A. Bishop
Journal: Immunity (2004)
Focal Fatty Infiltration of the Liver Appearing as a Defect on a Liver-Spleen Scintigram
Authors: GARY A. MARMOLYA, STEFAN D. MIRON, MARC ECKHAUSER, ARTHUR McCULLOUGH
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1992)

The authors present a biopsy-proven case of focal fatty infiltration of the liver that appeared as a focal defect on a liver/spleen scintigram, matching a defect seen on a CT scan.
MICROALBUMINURIA IN NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IS STRONGLY ASSOCIATED WITH SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION
Authors: Pawan K. Hari, Vikas Veeranna, Palaniappan Manickam, Rajeev Sudhakar, Mengistu Simegn, Sandeep Zalawadiya, Sony Jacob, Luis Afonso
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Detection of an IIeal Cavernous Hemangioma by Technetium-99m Red Blood Cell Imaging
Authors: HUGH HOLLOWAY, JANET JOHNSON, MARTIN SANDLER
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Patients with arteriovenous malformations of the bowel may have multiple symptoms secondary to chronic blood loss. A case of ileal cavernous hemangioma detected by Tc-99m labeled red blood cell imaging in the absence of active gastrointestinal bleeding is presented.
Evaluation of an interprofessional multimedia musculoskeletal examination teaching resource: a qualitative study
Authors: C Griffin, C Chung, V Tzortziou-Brown, D Morrissey
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2011)

Background Interprofessional education (IPE) has been used more frequently in the last thirty years to encourage collaborative teamwork within healthcare. Objectives The aims of this study were primarily to assess the impact of multimedia instruction on musculoskeletal clinical examination (MCE) skill acquisition. Secondly, to evaluate students' perceptions of the value of IPE and multi disciplinary team (MDT) work. Method A survey was administered to a purposively sampled group of postgraduate students, comprising medical practitioners and physiotherapists (n=26). The sample was diverse in age, speciality, and MDT and IPE experience. The intervention was four sports injury assessment DVDs made by expert clinicians modelling high level interprofessional team working, made specifically for use in the study. Postintervention semi-structured interviews, conducted with a sample from the survey group (n=10) until data saturation occurred, were audio-recorded and analysed by thematic content analysis. Results An 85% survey response rate was obtained. 46% of the group described their competence in MCE as ‘developing skills’ and 50% described having ‘some experience’. Attitudes towards IPE and MDT work were highly positive; overriding beliefs were that they benefited practice by affording a range of learning opportunities. Interview analysis revealed five main themes: a real time approach with expert instruction; multiple perspectives; and diversity within the cohort; changing behaviour by improving MCE technique and enhancing interactive skills. Overriding beliefs were that observing and learning from different experts' skilful examination under real time conditions was perceived as largely beneficial across the whole group. Conclusion This study provides evidence that interprofessional learning among postgraduate students can result in skill development – such as advanced assessments skills. Furthermore, the DVDs improved students' appreciation of IPE, healthcare teamwork, and awareness of other disciplines. The use of DVD learning tools to teach and assist with the delivery of MCE and IPE warrants further investigation.
Hong Kong health chief falls ill with suspected SARS virus
Authors: Mary Ann Benitez
Journal: The Lancet (2003)

With the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) entering its third week, by March 24 the patient toll in Hong Kong reached 260 confirmed cases and five cases yet to be confirmed. One of those with suspected illness is William Ho, chief executive of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority, which runs all 44 public hospitals and clinics. Ho was admitted to hospital on March 23 with suspected pneumonia and other symptoms consistent with the disease, although his exact illness has not been diagnosed. So far, ten people have died in the outbreak, which was recognised on March 8 when three hospital staff of the Prince of Wales Hospital developed atypical pneumonia. Four Hong Kong schools where six pupils have been confirmed with the disease were also shut for 1 week as the government struggled to curb the spread of the virus. And more than 180 students whose family members were infected hospital workers have been suspended from attending classes. The virus is believed to be spread by droplets from an infected person's coughs or sneezes, and its incubation period is 2–7 days. Epidemiological studies by the Department of Health found that the global outbreak was connected to a mainland doctor, who had been sick in his native Guangzhou City before arriving in Hong Kong on Feb 21. The 64-year-old doctor infected guests and visitors at his hotel, and by Feb 22, he was admitted to a hospital where he died on March 4. An American-Chinese businessman who flew on to Hanoi, three Singaporeans, two Canadians, and a Hong Kong airport worker who visited the hotel were also infected. The guests in turn sparked outbreaks of SARS in their respective countries. The airport worker triggered the Hong Kong outbreak when he was admitted to Prince of Wales Hospital on March 5. The isolation of the virus by the Hong Kong laboratory is a major step towards development of a diagnostic test, said Shigeru Omi, WHO's regional director for the Western Pacific. “However, we should not get carried away”, he said. “These are preliminary results only. Further studies are needed before it can be concluded, with confidence, that the causative agent of SARS has been identified.” “The SARS virus travels at the speed of a jumbo jet. Its potential to spread and cause harm is obvious”, he said.
E-Cadherin/p120-Catenin and Tetraspanin Co-029 Cooperate for Cell Motility Control in Human Colon Carcinoma
Authors: Céline Greco, Marie-Pierre Bralet, Naouel Ailane, Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt, Eric Rubinstein, François Le Naour, Claude Boucheix
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Tumor invasion and metastasis are major obstacles to clinical treatment that rely on cell migration. Here, we elucidate a mechanism of colon carcinoma cell migration that is supported by the cell surface tetraspanin Co-029 (tspan8), which is known to favor tumor progression and metastasis. This mechanism is unmasked by silencing of E-cadherin or its associated adapter molecule p120-catenin (p120ctn), and it involves a switch in signaling between the collagen-binding integrins α(1)β(1) and α(2)β(1). Direct interaction between E-cadherin and Co-029 was documented by chemical cross-linking and immunohistologic analysis of colon carcinomas. High expression of Co-029 and cytoplasmic delocalization of p120ctn were each associated with poor prognosis. Cell motility was reduced severely by antibody-mediated disruption of Co-029 only when p120ctn was silenced, suggesting that tumor progression may be hindered by Co-029 targeting. Our findings define a function for tetraspanin Co-029 as a modifier of cancer cell motility and reveal an adhesion signaling network implicated in progression and metastasis.
SANITARY CONDITIONS OF PEKING.
Authors: JOHN INGLIS
Journal: JAMA (1900)

The Chinese army has been driven from Peking, the Empress and her co-conspirators have fled, the order is cut for the punishment of the most guilty and the sacred city, we are told, is well patrolled by the foreign soldiers. All true, but those who have lived in Peking know that within a year, unless certain measures are taken, officers and men will discover a deadlier foe than the Empress Dowager's imperial troops, and the death-roll will be longer than it was after the taking of Fort Taku and Tien-Tsin. <h3>Population.</h3> —The population of Peking is unknown, perhaps not being so great now as before the recent uprising, but still close to the one million mark. Some writers have greatly overestimated the number of inhabitants in this famous old city. Peking lies near the fortieth degree north latitude, ninety miles from the sea and one hundred and twenty feet above
A pretransplant infection with precore mutants of hepatitis B virus does not influence the outcome of orthotopic liver transplantation in patients on high dose anti-hepatitis B virus surface antigen immunoprophylaxis
Authors: U Naumann, U Protzer-Knolle, T Berg, K Leder, H Lobeck, W Bechstein, G Gerken, U Hopf, P Neuhaus
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection of the liver graft is a major complication after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for HBV-related cirrhosis. A high viral load before OLT is a known risk factor, whereas the relevance of precore mutants of HBV is a subject of controversy. The aim of this study was to correlate the pretransplantation viral load and a pretransplantation infection with precore mutant HBV (pmHBV) or wildtype HBV (wtHBV) with allograft damage, graft failure, and survival after OLT. Sixty-nine patients with HBV cirrhosis underwent OLT under high dose immunoprophylaxis with anti-hepatitis B surface (HBs) hyperimmunoglobulins (HBIg). A pretransplantation infection with pmHBV and wtHBV was detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing in 30 patients each (pmHBV and wtHBV group). Nine of 69 patients were PCR-negative (noHBV group). Median pretransplantation levels of HBV DNA assessed by hybridization assay were 42 pg/mL for pmHBV and 54 pg/mL for wtHBV patients. HBV recurred in 17 of 30 (57%) of pmHBV and in 14 of 30 (47%) of wtHBV patients and graft failure occurred in 6 of 30 (20%) of pmHBV and 7 of 30 (23%) of wtHBV patients. Neither HBV recurrence nor graft failure occurred in patients in whom no HBV DNA could be detected by PCR using primers flanking the HBV precore region (noHBV) patients. Allograft damage assessed by histology activity index (HAI) scoring was median 6 for pmHBV and 7 for wtHBV patients. Cumulative survival after 5 years was 72% for pmHBV, 74% for wtHBV, and 100% for noHBV patients. In this study, we provide evidence that pretransplantation viral load, but not infection with pmHBV, determines the outcome after OLT in patients on high dose HBIg prophylaxis.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SERUM N-6 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS LEVEL AND RESTENOSIS AFTER CORONARY STENTING
Authors: Masaru Araki, Fumihiko Kamezaki, Kuninobu Kashiyama, Yoshitaka Muraoka, Yuki Tsuda, Shinjo Sonoda, Masahiro Okazaki, Yutaka Otsuji
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
Lactic Acidosis in Pheochromocytoma
Authors: MICHAEL BORNEMANN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1986)

Lactic acidosis is not generally recognized as a complication of pheochromocytoma. We review three prior case reports of lactic acidosis in patients with pheochromocytoma and one report of lactic acidosis following epinephrine poisoning and describe an additional case report of a patient with lactic acidosis in whom an unsuspected pheochromocytoma was discovered at autopsy. The pathophysiology of lactic acidosis in pheochromocytoma is related to the effect of catecholamines on intermediary metabolism and the peripheral circulation. Although the possible development of lactic acidosis in persons with pheochromocytoma is underappreciated, the differential diagnosis of lactic acidosis should include this tumor.
Repetitive Sequences in Plant Nuclear DNA: Types, Distribution, Evolution and Function
Authors: Shweta Mehrotra, Vinod Goyal
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2014)

Abstract Repetitive DNA sequences are a major component of eukaryotic genomes and may account for up to 90% of the genome size. They can be divided into minisatellite, microsatellite and satellite sequences. Satellite DNA sequences are considered to be a fast-evolving component of eukaryotic genomes, comprising tandemly-arrayed, highly-repetitive and highly-conserved monomer sequences. The monomer unit of satellite DNA is 150–400 base pairs (bp) in length. Repetitive sequences may be species- or genus-specific, and may be centromeric or subtelomeric in nature. They exhibit cohesive and concerted evolution caused by molecular drive, leading to high sequence homogeneity. Repetitive sequences accumulate variations in sequence and copy number during evolution, hence they are important tools for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, and are known as “tuning knobs” in the evolution. Therefore, knowledge of repetitive sequences assists our understanding of the organization, evolution and behavior of eukaryotic genomes. Repetitive sequences have cytoplasmic, cellular and developmental effects and play a role in chromosomal recombination. In the post-genomics era, with the introduction of next-generation sequencing technology, it is possible to evaluate complex genomes for analyzing repetitive sequences and deciphering the yet unknown functional potential of repetitive sequences.
Intra- and Extrauterine F tation at Full Term: Caesarean Section (Porro)
Authors: G. C. Franklin
Journal: BMJ (1894)

lNTRA-AND EXTRAUTERINE FCETATION.[M2 toAL 1019WVhen first seen by m?-, in Novenber, 13)2 (three mrnnths lbefore the operation) the cyst had become inflamed after a slight blow, and threatened to suppurate; this inflammation, however, subsided under hot applications.On February 22nd, 1893, the cyst appeared as a soft, wlhite, iluctuating swelling (Fig. 1), translucent and pearly owing to the tlhinness of its walls over the posterior half, having no veins apparent running over it, and becoming alternately tense and soft during crying or coughing.It extended from the sternal end of the left clavicle in front to the middle line behind, and quite filled up the sulcus between the neck and the shoulder, looking like a swimming collar, and overhang- ina the clavicle in front.