tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Feline immunodeficiency virus vectors persistently transduce nondividing airway epithelia and correct the cystic fibrosis defect
Authors: Guoshun Wang, Vladimir Slepushkin, Joseph Zabner, Shaf Keshavjee, Julie C. Johnston, Sybille L. Sauter, Doug J. Jolly, Thomas W. Dubensky, Beverly L. Davidson, Paul B. McCray
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1999)

Several problems limit the application of gene transfer to correct the cystic fibrosis (CF) Cl– transport defect in airway epithelia. These include inefficient transduction with vectors applied to the apical surface, a low rate of division by airway epithelial cells, failure of transgene expression to persist, and immune responses to vectors or vector-encoded proteins. To address these issues, we used a feline immunodeficiency virus–based (FIV-based) vector. FIV vector formulated with a calcium chelator transduced fully differentiated, nondividing human airway epithelia when applied to the apical surface. FIV-based vector encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator cDNA corrected the Cl– transport defect in differentiated CF airway epithelia for the life of the culture (>3 months). When this approach was applied in vivo, FIV vector expressing β-galactosidase transduced 1–14% of adult rabbit airway epithelia. Transduced cells were present in the conducting airways, bronchioles, and alveoli. Importantly, gene expression persisted, and cells with progenitor capacity were targeted. FIV-based lentiviral vectors may be useful for the treatment of genetic lung diseases such as CF.
INSANITY AS A RESULT OF HYSTEROTOMY AND OÖPHORECTOMY.
Authors: GRAEME M. HAMMOND
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Gynecologists have generally accepted the hypothesis that the ovaries influence the development of the brain and that their removal is generally followed by consequences disastrous to that organ. Many things have contributed to this opinion. In a great many cases insanities do follow operations for the removal of the pelvic organs. Dudley<sup>1</sup>voiced the opinion of gynecologists when he said: "It would seem as if the ovaries, and probably the testicles, add something to the system which is necessary for the individual's complete development, and by removing the ovaries or testicles you deprive the system of something that causes a perversion of nutrition." Again, it is the belief that the early removal of the ovaries and testicles causes changes in character in man and in the lower animals. This is true in so far as the sexual instinct is obliterated, and as the sexual instinct profoundly influences the course
Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Gene Loss in Renal Cell Carcinoma Promotes Oncogenic Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling via Akt-1 and MEK-1
Authors: S. Justin Lee, Jean-Baptiste Lattouf, Julie Xanthopoulos, W. Marston Linehan, Donald P. Bottaro, James R. Vasselli
Journal: European Urology (2008)
A New HF Current Generator With Automatically Controlled System (Endocut Mode) for Endoscopic Sphincterotomy - Preliminary Experience
Authors: A. Kohler, M. Maier, C. Benz, W. R. Martin, G. Farin, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (1998)

The main complications of endoscopic sphincterotomy are pancreatitis, hemorrhage, perforation and cholangitis. In a prospective randomized trial, a conventional current generator was compared to a new generator with an automatically controlled cut system (Endocut) for sphincterotomy. The purpose was to establish whether the new device reduces the complication rate of sphincterotomy. Our experiences over the last 2 years with the new HF current generator are described here.In this study 100 patients were randomly assigned to one of the two generators. The following points were documented in a protocol form: abrupt or continuous cutting; length of papillotomy; complications.There were no significant differences in sex, age or indication for sphincterotomy. Nor were there any significant differences in the length of the sphincterotomy or mild pancreatitis. In contrast, an abrupt opening of the papillary roof was more frequently observed with the conventional generator (18 patients) than with the new device (one patient, P < 0.001). Mild bleeding occurred in two patients with the new unit, but in 13 with the conventional unit (P = 0.002). Moderate or severe bleeds were observed in neither of the two groups. During the subsequent application phase lasting for 2 years, the following complications occurred in a total number of 850 sphincterotomies (EST): pancreatitis 2.8% (one patient died); hemorrhages requiring transfusion 1% (n = 8); concealed perforations 0.3% (n = 3).According to our experience to date and based on this study, this new HF surgery unit enables performance of controlled, bloodless sphincterotomies. The danger of papillary hemorrhage appears to be reduced. All examiners found the new system to be safer and more convenient.
Voluntary Mental Hospitalization
Authors: Thomas S. Szasz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

Abstract Regardless of the method of admission to a mental hospital, the patient in such an institution does not, as a rule, have an unqualified right to leave. I suggest, therefore, that, although involuntary mental hospitalization is indeed involuntary, so-called voluntary mental hospitalization is often actually a covert form of involuntary mental hospitalization. Typically, this is the case when a person agrees to hospitalization under the threat of commitment. A 1971 decision of the Supreme Court of Utah, in which the Court held "... that a voluntary patient at the [mental] hospital is as much 'confined' and has as little freedom as a mentally alert trusty in a jail or prison," supports this view.
Fiber and Colorectal Cancer — Where to Now?
Authors: John D. Potter
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

The idea that unrefined foods have an important influence on health goes back at least to Hippocrates. Writing in 1585, Stubs asked pointedly: “Doe we not see the poore man that eateth browne bread health fuller, stronger, fayrer complectioned and longer living than the other that fare daintelie every day?”1 Later, the notion that constipation was central to human disease gave rise to some quaint practices and a huge breakfast-cereal industry. By the mid-20th century, colorectal cancer was being blamed first, by Cleave, on an excess of sugar (“the saccharine disease”)2 and later, by Burkitt, on a deficiency of fiber. . . .
Abstract 4241: Glioma spheroids obtained via ultrasonic aspiration are viable and express stem cell markers: a new tissue resource for glioma research
Authors: Stine S. Jensen, Charlotte Aaberg-Jessen, Javad Jabbari, Claus Andersen, Henrik D. Schrøder, Bjarne W. Kristensen
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Ultrasonic aspirators allow safe, rapid and accurate removal of brain tumors. However, the tissue fragments removed are used surprisingly little in research. The aim of this study was to investigate whether such tissue fragments could be cultured as organotypic multicellular spheroids and whether these spheroids could be used in cancer stem cell research. Biopsy-derived spheroids have earlier been shown to represent an important alternative to commercially available cell lines, but access to biopsy tissue is often limited. Tissue fragments obtained by ultrasonic aspiration from 10 glioblastomas and tumor biopsy tissue from seven of these tumors were collected and cultured in serum-containing and serum-free medium. After culturing, the fragments formed spheroids, which were prepared for histological staining. For comparison, the corresponding fixed non-cultured patient biopsies were also included in the study. Hematoxylin eosin staining showed that viable glioma spheroids were obtained from both ultrasonic and biopsy tissue using both serum-containing and serum-free medium. Independent of the type of tissue used for the spheroids, the immunohistochemical expression of GFAP decreased, whereas the expression of VWF and the Ki-67 proliferation index increased in spheroids cultured in serum-free versus serum-containing medium. Independent of the type of medium, both ultrasonic and biopsy tissue expressed significantly higher levels of the investigated stem cell markers CD133, Nestin and Bmi-1 compared to the non-cultured patient biopsies. In conclusion, we found that is was easy to obtain viable glioma spheroids from ultrasonic tissue fragments. Although differences in expression of the different markers were found, the overall expression was preserved, thereby suggesting ultrasonic tissue fragments as a new tissue resource for glioma research. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4241. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-4241
Effect of complete sulfation of bile acids on bile formation in rats
Authors: Ibrahim M. Yousef, Stephen G. Barnwell, Beatriz Tuchweber, Andrée Weber, Claude C. Roy
Journal: Hepatology (1987)

The effect of sulfation of common bile acids on the formation of bile was investigated in male rats by infusing them with the sulfate esters of cholic, chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic, lithocholic or dehydrocholic acid in four step-wise, increasing doses. Each dose was infused for 30 min and bile collected every 10 min. Control studies were performed by using either albumin solution (the bile acid carrier) or corresponding nonsulfated bile acids at concentrations similar to those of the sulfated products. The secretion of sulfated bile acids was slower and less than that of nonsulfated bile acids, demonstrating transport maximum kinetics rather than the secretory rate maximum characteristic of nonsulfated bile acids. Sulfation significantly increased bile salt-independent bile flow and the choleretic potency of the bile acids tested. With the exception of deoxycholic acid, which had a slight stimulatory effect, bile acid sulfation generally prevented a rise in bile acid-dependent phospholipid and cholesterol secretion. In fact, it reduced biliary phospholipid and cholesterol secretion associated with the secretion of endogenous bile acids. These data are in agreement with the physicochemical properties of sulfated bile acids. They indicate that sulfation prevents the cholestatic action of nonsulfated bile acids, perhaps by increasing bile flow via a high choleretic potential and/or by stimulating bile acid-independent bile flow. The effect of sulfated bile acids on the secretion of biliary phospholipids may protect the canalicular membrane from the detergent properties of bile acids and may thus block the cholestasis which results from high, nonsulfated bile acid concentrations.
MORPHOLOGIC AND HISTOGENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ENDOTHELIAL TUMORS.
Authors: F. ROBERT ZEIT
Journal: JAMA (1906)

A careful examination of the literature, not only of the past, but also the present, has convinced me that many of the tumors reported as carcinomata and sarcomata as well as tumors such as Krompecher's "carcinoma endotheliale" or Hansemann's "adenoma endotheliale," are in reality pure endothelial tumors. The latter author even speaks of a "carcinoma sarcomatodes endotheliale," thus combining three distinct groups of tumors in one. Krompecher<sup>1</sup>speaks of a "carcinoma endotheliale sarcomatodes," and calls an endothelioma a carcinoma with undifferentiated epithelium, naming it a "carcinoma endotheliale." It can only be an endothelioma which is capable of producing polymorphous structures leading to such complications of names. The variability in the arrangement of endothelial cells and the ability of these cells to undergo metamorphosis, simulating the epithelial type at one place and the connective tissue type at another, has given rise to great confusion in the diagnosis of tumors. Morphologically,
Abstract 3338: DLK1 could be a potential target against the cancer stem/progenitor cells of hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xiao Xu, Xin Zhang, Rui-Fang Liu, Li-Yu Huang, Fei Chen, Ze-guang Han
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Introduction: DLK1 is considered to play a vital role in the development of liver, and the oncogenesis and progress of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been reported that mouse DLK1(+) fetal hepatic cells are able to differentiate into hepatocytes and biliary epithelial cell lineages and exhibit more proliferative than DLK1(−) cells. Recently, some studies demonstrated that DLK1 was frequently up-regulated in HCC, concomitant with known potential cancer stem/progenitor markers, and ectopic DLK1 promoted the proliferation of HCC cells. However, the biological behaviors of DLK1(+) HCC cells remain largely unknown, and whether DLK1 as a membrane protein could serve as a potential therapeutic target for HCC need further investigation. Methods: The proportion of DLK1(+) cells in HCC cell lines was evaluated by flow cytometry. Both DLK1(+) and DLK1(−) cells were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS), respectively. Self-renewal, chemoresistance, colony formation and spheroid colony formation ability of the two cell populations were evaluated. In vivo tumorigenicity experiment was performed in BALB/c nude mice or NOD/SCID mice. In addition, cell proliferation, colony formation, spheroid colony formation assays and tumorigenicity experiments were also employed to assess the effect of RNA interference against DLK1 on HCC cells. Results: DLK1(+) population was less than 10 percentage of all 10 HCC cell lines examined by flow cytometry analysis. Interestingly, DLK1(+) HCC cells sorted by FACS or MACS showed stronger ability of chemoresistance, colony formation and spheroid colony formation in vitro, and increased tumorigenicity ability in vivo, as compared with DLK1(−) cells. The DLK1(+) HCC cells with the property of self-renewal could generate differentiated progeny without DLK1 expression. Furthermore, DLK1 knockdown by adenovirus-mediated short hairpin RNA interference could significantly suppress the ability of proliferation, colony formation and spheroid colony formation, as well as in vivo tumorigenicity of HCC cells. Conclusion: DLK1(+) human HCC cells are endowed with characteristics similar to those of cancer stem/progenitor cells. RNA interference against DLK1 can suppress the tumorigenicity of HCC cells, possibly through inhibiting the malignant behaviors of cancer stem/progenitor cells, which suggested that DLK1 could be a potential therapeutic target against the HCC stem/progenitor cells. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3338.
LAW AND MEDICINE
Authors: Russell S. Fisher
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Long-term treatment with selective endothelin ETA receptor antagonist suppressed NADPH diaphorase activity and improved left ventricular diastolic function in cardiomyopathy
Authors: Tetsuya Hayashi, Masahiro Nishida, Minoru Yoshiyama, Yoshikatsu Okada, Sakiko Inamoto, Nobuaki Okuda, Yasuo Matsumura, Hiroshi Mori, Yasushi Kitaura
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
The USAN Nomenclature System
Authors: Joseph B. Jerome
Journal: JAMA (1975)

THE United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council, sponsored by the American Medical Association, the United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc., and the American Pharmaceutical Association, was organized in 1964 to represent the health professions in the selection of appropriate nonproprietary names for drugs.<sup>1,2</sup> The USAN Council was born from a desire of the health professions for more informative, albeit simpler, nonproprietary drug nomenclature. Nonproprietary names had been in existence for numerous years, but it was not until the formation of the USAN Council that this drug nomenclature became truly systematized in the United States. Over the years, the USAN Council has benefited from the experience of its antecedent nomenclature committees and individual sponsors, as well as from the nonproprietary nomenclature committees of the World Health Organization and of other countries. The principles and procedures adopted by the council have been previously reported.<sup>3-5</sup>An updated version of the principles appeared
&lt;emph type="ital"&gt;Two Wounded Men&lt;/emph&gt;
Authors: John L. Zeller
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
BLyS and APRIL in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Thorsten M. Seyler, Yong W. Park, Seisuke Takemura, Richard J. Bram, Paul J. Kurtin, Jörg J. Goronzy, Cornelia M. Weyand
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2005)

The cytokines B lymphocyte stimulator (BLyS) and a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) enhance autoimmune disease by sustaining B cell activation. In RA, B cells contribute to the formation of 3 functionally distinct types of lymphoid microarchitectures in the inflamed synovium: ectopic GCs; T cell-B cell aggregates lacking GC reactions; and unorganized, diffuse infiltrates. We examined 72 tissues representing the 3 types of synovitis for BLyS and APRIL production and for expression of APRIL/BLyS receptors. Biologic effects of BLyS and APRIL were explored by treating human synovium-SCID mouse chimeras with the APRIL and BLyS decoy receptor transmembrane activator and CAML interactor:Fc (TACI:Fc). GC+ synovitis had the highest levels of APRIL, produced exclusively by CD83+ DCs. BLyS was present in similar levels in all tissue types and derived exclusively from CD68+ macrophages. In GC+ synovitis, treatment with TACI:Fc resulted in GC destruction and marked inhibition of IFN-gamma and Ig transcription. In contrast, inhibition of APRIL and BLyS in aggregate and diffuse synovitis left Ig levels unaffected and enhanced IFN-gamma production. These differential immunomodulatory effects correlated with the presence of TACI+ T cells in aggregate and diffuse synovitis and their absence in GC+ synovitis. We propose that BLyS and APRIL regulate B cell as well as T cell function and have pro- and antiinflammatory activities in RA.
INTUBATION STUDIES OF THE HUMAN SMALL INTESTINE. XXI. A METHOD FOR MEASURING INTRA-LUMINAL PRESSURES AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE DIGESTIVE TRACT 1
Authors: W. O. Abbott, H. K. Hartline, J. P. Hervey, F. J. Ingelfinger, A. J. Rawson, L. Zetzel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1943)
Metabolic Effects of Fructose Supplementation in Diabetic Individuals
Authors: James W Anderson, Linda J Story, Nancy C Zettwoch, Nancy J Gustafson, Beverly S Jefferson
Journal: Diabetes Care (1989)

With new diabetes diet guidelines recommending high carbohydrate intake, questions arise regarding acceptable intake of simple sugars. Whereas several short-term studies report flattened glycemic and insulin response to fructose consumption, some also report increased serum triglyceride levels. Few studies examine the effects of long-term fructose consumption. We evaluated the long-term safety of fructose consumption in 14 middle-aged men with diabetes. Subjects followed an ambulatory high-fiber high-carbohydrate control diet at home for 8 wk, entered the hospital for 5 days on this diet, and spent the next 7 days on a similar diet supplemented with 50–60 g fructose. They continued the fructose diet at home for 23 wk, then resumed a postcontrol diet for an additional 16 wk. In the hospital, glycemic control improved significantly on the fructose-supplemented diet compared with the hospital control diet. In the ambulatory setting, no significant differences in plasma glucose, glycohemoglobin, serum cholesterol, triglycerides, lactate, or urate occurred between precontrol, fructose, or postcontrol periods. Fasting serum lactate was higher by 0.5 meq/L during the ambulatory fructose period than during the precontrol period. Body weight also increased during the ambulatory fructose period due to higher calorie intake. Adherence to fructose consumption was excellent and improved adherence to carbohydrate and fat recommendations. If total calorie intake is controlled to promote desirable body weight, crystalline fructose used with a high-carbohydrate high-fiber low-fat diet appears to be safe and acceptable for diabetic individuals.
Clinical Use of Radioisotopes: A Manual of Technique
Authors: Theodore J. Castele
Journal: JAMA (1961)

The authors, along with an impressive list of contributors, have put together a detailed handbook covering most of the uses of isotopes in clinical medicine. With the field of nuclear medicine advancing so rapidly and encompassing so much material, it is not possible to include every conceivable piece of worthwhile information in one volume. The authors recognize this situation, but nevertheless have been able to organize an orderly and relatively complete survey of the field. This manual will be of great value to the small laboratory which does not routinely perform all of the available isotopic studies. As a reference handbook for the clinician who already has a knowledge of radioisotopes, it will be a helpful adjunct. Part I covers clinical diagnostic tests and includes a complete discussion of thyroid evaluation, dilution techniques, and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal studies. Brain and eye tumor localization and various scanning techniques are described. The