THE WATERHOUSE-FRIDERICHSEN SYNDROME: OBERVATIONS ON ASSOCIATED ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY AND REPORT OF FOUR CASES
Authors: Stuart W. Cosgriff
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1944)

Article1 August 1944THE WATERHOUSE-FRIDERICHSEN SYNDROME: OBERVATIONS ON ASSOCIATED ADRENAL INSUFFICIENCY AND REPORT OF FOUR CASESSTUART W. COSGRIFF, M.D.STUART W. COSGRIFF, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-21-2-187 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptINTRODUCTIONWith the recent increase in prevalence of meningococcal meningitis, there has been, as might be anticipated, an associated rise in the number of cases of the so-called Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome.1, 2This condition, characterized by shock, purpura and hemorrhages into the adrenal glands, is encountered in overwhelming sepsis resulting as a rule from meningococcus infection, but it may also be due to any one of a variety of organisms.3, 4, 5Because this symptom complex has been described infrequently in the past, it becomes of interest to review this disorder with particular emphasis on possible relationships of adrenal insufficiency to...Bibliography1. WATERHOUSE R: A case of suprarenal apoplexy, Lancet, 1911, i, 576. Google Scholar2. FRIDERICHSEN C: Nebennierenapoplexie bei kleinen Kindern, Jahrb. f. Kinderh., 1918, lxxxvii, 109. Google Scholar3. AEGERTER EE: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome; a review of the literature and a report of two cases, Jr. Am. Med. Assoc., 1936, cvi, 1715. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. KUNSTADER R: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Arch. Pediat., 1939, lvi, 489. Google Scholar5. SACKS M: Fulminating septicemia associated with purpura and bilateral adrenal hemorrhage (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome); report of 2 cases with review of the literature, ANN. INT. MED., 1937, x, 1105. Google Scholar6. MAGNUSSON JH: Contribution to the knowledge of acute suprarenal insufficiency in children, Acta paediat., 1934, xv, 396. CrossrefGoogle Scholar7. LINDSAYRICESELINGERROBIN JWECMAL: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Am. Jr. Med. Sci., 1941, cci, 263. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. MONFORTMEHRLING JAJH: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Am. Jr. Dis. Child., 1941, lxii, 144. CrossrefGoogle Scholar9. MICHAELJACOBUS PL: The Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome, Arch. Pediat., 1942, lix, 141. Google Scholar10. LOEB RF: The adrenal cortex and electrolyte balance, Bull. New York Acad. Med., 1942, xviii, 263. Google Scholar11. WEILBROWN PJ: A cortin-like action of extracts of human urine, Am. Jr. Physiol., 1939, cxxvi, 652. Google Scholar12. LOEB RF: Diseases of the adrenals, 1943, Oxford University Press, New York, p. 783. Google Scholar13. GRACEHARRISONDAVIE WACVTB: Suprarenal hemorrhage in meningococcal septicemia, Lancet, 1940, ii, 102. CrossrefGoogle Scholar14. CAREY TN: Adrenal hemorrhage with purpura and septicemia (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome) with recovery; case report, ANN. INT. MED., 1940, xiii, 1740. Google Scholar15. RUCHSHOBSON WJ: Purpura fulminans (Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome), Jr. Pediat., 1943, xxii, 226. CrossrefGoogle Scholar16. FINLANDDINGLE MJ: Diagnosis, treatment and prevention of meningococcic meningitis, War Med., 1942, ii, 1. Google Scholar17. CHAINFLOREYGARDENERHEATLEYJENNINGSORR-EWINGSANDERS EHWADNGMAJAG: Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent, Lancet, 1940, ii, 226. CrossrefGoogle Scholar18. HERRELL WE: Further observations on the clinical use of penicillin, Proc. Staff Meet Mayo Clin., 1943, xviii, 65. Google Scholar19. HOBBYMEYERCHAFFEE GLKE: Mechanism of action of penicillin, Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. and Med., 1942, l, 281. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication July 30, 1943.From the Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and the Presbyterian Hospital, New York City.This work was done prior to induction into military service. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byA comparative study of adverse factors in meningococcaemia and meningococcal meningitisFactors in the prognosis ofmeningococcal infectionAdrenocortical insufficiencyMultiple Coagulative Defects in a Patient with the Waterhouse-Friderichsen SyndromeOSCAR D. RATNOFF, M.D., WOLFGANG G. NEBEHAY, M.D.Experimentelle Untersuchungen �ber die hormonale Beeinflussung toxisch-infekti�ser GewebsreaktionenThe waterhouse-friderichsen syndrome 1 August 1944Volume 21, Issue 2Page: 187-193KeywordsAdrenal glandsArmed forcesHemorrhageHospital medicineMeningitisMeningococcal diseaseNeisseria meningitidisSepsisShockSurgeons ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 August 1944 PDF downloadLoading ...