tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
In vitro and in vivo effects of the PPAR-alpha agonists fenofibrate and retinoic acid in endometrial cancer
Authors: Samir A Saidi, Cathrine M Holland, D Stephen Charnock-Jones, Stephen K Smith
Journal: Molecular Cancer (2006)

Fenofibrate, an agonist of PPAR-alpha, in doses above 25 microM, inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in Ishikawa endometrial cancer cells. We show that these effects are potentiated by retinoic acid, an agonist of the retinoid-X-receptor. DNA content analysis shows that G1/S phase progression through the cell cycle is inhibited. Independent Component Analysis of gene microarray experiments demonstrated downregulation of Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and associated changes in cell cycle gene expression. Expression of PPAR-alpha mRNA was reduced by >75% using RNA-interference but this resulted in only minor changes in biological effects. A nude mouse model of endometrial carcinoma was used to investigate the effect of fenofibrate in vivo but failed to show consistent inhibition of tumour growth.The combination of fenofibrate and retinoic acid is a potent inhibitor of Ishikawa endometrial cancer cell growth in vitro.
Raised serum ferritin concentration in hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome is not a marker for iron overload
Authors: Dan Yin, Vasu Kulhalli, Ann P. Walker
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Hyperferritinemia and bilateral cataracts are features of the rare hereditary hyperferritinemia cataract syndrome (HHCS; OMIM #600886). HHCS is an autosomal dominant condition caused by mutations which increase expression of the ferritin light polypeptide (FTL) gene. We report a patient with HHCS who was misdiagnosed and treated as having hemochromatosis, in whom a heterozygous c.-160A>G mutation was identified in the iron responsive element (IRE) of FTL, causing ferritin synthesis in the absence of iron overload. This report demonstrates the need for clinical awareness of HHCS as a cause of hyperferritinemia in the absence of iron overload and provides a possible diagnostic schema.
Typological thinking, statistical significance, and the methodological divergence of experimental psychology and economics
Authors: Charles F. Blaich, Humberto Barreto
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2001)

While correctly describing the differences in current practices between experimental psychologists and economists, Hertwig and Ortmann do not provide a compelling explanation for these differences. Our explanation focuses on the fact that psychologists view the world as composed of categories and types. This discrete organizational scheme results in merely testing nulls and wider variation in observed practices in experimental psychology.
Chronic medical conditions in a sample of the general population with anxiety, affective, and substance use disorders
Authors: K B Wells, J M Golding, M A Burnam
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1989)

The authors studied the prevalence of eight chronic medical conditions in an adult population sample (N = 2,554) with and without psychiatric disorders. Adjusted for age and sex, the prevalence of any lifetime chronic medical condition for persons with any lifetime affective, anxiety, or substance use disorder was 61.4%, 57.1%, and 57.7%, respectively. Each of these percentages was significantly higher than that for persons with no lifetime psychiatric disorder (53.4%). Both lifetime affective and anxiety disorders were uniquely associated with a greater prevalence of any lifetime chronic medical condition, but the only psychiatric disorders uniquely associated with current (i.e., active) chronic medical conditions were anxiety disorders, suggesting that the association between anxiety disorders and chronic medical conditions develops more quickly than associations between medical conditions and other psychiatric disorders.
BRAF Mutants Evade ERK-Dependent Feedback by Different Mechanisms that Determine Their Sensitivity to Pharmacologic Inhibition
Authors: Zhan Yao, Neilawattie M. Torres, Anthony Tao, Yijun Gao, Lusong Luo, Qi Li, Elisa de Stanchina, Omar Abdel-Wahab, David B. Solit, Poulikos I. Poulikakos, Neal Rosen
Journal: Cancer Cell (2015)

ERK signaling requires RAS-induced RAF dimerization and is limited by feedback. Activated BRAF mutants evade feedback inhibition of RAS by either of two mechanisms. BRAF V600 mutants are activated monomers when RAS activity is low; all other activating BRAF mutants function as constitutive RAS-independent dimers. RAF inhibitors effectively inhibit mutant monomers, but not dimers; their binding to one site in the dimer significantly reduces their affinity for the second. Tumors with non-V600E BRAF mutants are insensitive to these drugs, and increased expression of BRAF V600E dimers causes acquired resistance. A compound that equally inhibits both sites of mutant RAF dimers inhibits tumors driven by either class of mutants or those BRAF V600E tumors with dimer-dependent acquired resistance to monomer-specific inhibitors.
Temozolomide (TMZ) and lomustine (CCNU) in high grade glioma (HGG) patients: Phase I study
Authors: S. Tafuto, R. Guarrasi, A. Tortoriello, F. Buzzi, P. Muto, R. Formato, P. Comella, P. De Rosa, R. V. Iaffaioli, S. Quattrin
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2004)

1577 Background: TMZ has activity in HHG and same new combinations are being studied to evaluate an increase of this activity. The combination of TMZ and nitrosureas were evaluated preclinically. These experimental results indicated synergistic killing when TMZ is combined with nitrosureas in resistant human glioma cell lines. Based on these finding, as primary endpoint, this phase I study was performed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), safety and feasibility of new treatment schedule of temozolomide when administered with a fixed dose of CCNU, and secondary, was evaluated the preliminary data of efficacy. Methods: Recurrent HHG patients (10 with glioblastoma multiforme and two with anaplastic astrocytoma) were treated with oral TMZ 75 mg/mq for 21 or 28 consecutive days or TMZ 100 mg/mq for 28 consecutive days together with orally CCNU 100 mg/mq on day 1 every 6 weeks. This schedule was approved by ethics committe and a informed consent was obtained for all subjects. Results: Eleven patients received a total of 35 courses of TMZ/CCNU. The main toxicities of the regimen consisted of vomiting, costipation, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. The myelotoxicity was dose-limiting in two of six new patients treated with TMZ 100 mg/mq x 28 days plus CCNU 100 mg/mq d1 dose level. None dose-limiting toxicity was evaluated in 15 courses in the patients at the lower dose level. Preliminary data about toxicity are ongoing. For ongoing phase II clinical trial we recommended safe dose is TMZ 75 mg/mq for 28 consecutive days and CCNU 100 mg/mq d 1 every 6 ws. Conclusions: The schedule didn't reduce the TMZ dose-intensity and the addition of CCNU didn't substantially modify the tolerability of TMZ respect to standard single-agent TMZ. The preliminary results about TTP disease seem to be very promising. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Association of malignant brain tumors and cancers of other sites.
Authors: H Ahsan, A I Neugut, J N Bruce
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE We conducted an exploratory study of brain tumors that occurred as a second primary malignancy to identify potential risk factors for brain tumors. METHODS Using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, we calculated the sex-specific standardized incidence ratio (SIR), adjusted to age and time period, as an estimate of the relative risk (RR) of developing a second primary brain tumor following other cancers. RESULTS We found an elevated RR of brain tumors after bladder cancer in both men (RR, 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2 to 2.3) and women (RR, 1.7; 95% CI, 0.8 to 3.2); this effect was present for both astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme. Elevated RRs of brain tumors were also found after sarcoma (RR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.8 to 9.0) and leukemia (RR, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.6 to 4.8) in men, and after colorectal cancer (RR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.3 to 2.4) and endometrial cancer (RR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0 to 1.9) in women. The highest RR observed in this study was for CNS lymphoma following any first primary malignancy in men (RR, 7.9; 95% CI, 5.5 to 11.0). CONCLUSION The associations of brain tumors with bladder, colorectal, and endometrial cancers in women, and an increased occurrence of CNS lymphoma as a second malignancy in men, are new findings that have not been described previously.
Articular Cartilage Endurance and Resistance to Osteoarthritic Changes Require Transcription Factor Erg
Authors: Yoichi Ohta, Takahiro Okabe, Colleen Larmour, Agnese Di Rocco, Marijke W. Maijenburg, Amanda Phillips, Nancy A. Speck, Shigeyuki Wakitani, Takashi Nakamura, Yoshihiko Yamada, Motomi Enomoto‐Iwamoto, Maurizio Pacifici, Masahiro Iwamoto
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2015)

To determine whether and how the transcription factor Erg participates in the genesis, establishment, and maintenance of articular cartilage.Floxed Erg mice were mated with Gdf5-Cre mice to generate conditional mutants lacking Erg in their joints. Joints of mutant and control mice were subjected to morphologic and molecular characterization and also to experimental surgically induced osteoarthritis (OA). Gene expression, promoter reporter assays, and gain- and loss-of-function in vitro tests were used to characterize molecular mechanisms of Erg action.Conditional Erg ablation did not elicit obvious changes in limb joint development and overall phenotype in juvenile mice. However, as mice aged, joints of mutant mice degenerated spontaneously and exhibited clear OA-like phenotypic defects. Joints in juvenile mutant mice were more sensitive to surgically induced OA and became defective sooner than operated joints in control mice. Global gene expression data and other studies identified parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) and lubricin as possible downstream effectors and mediators of Erg action in articular chondrocytes. Reporter assays using control and mutated promoter-enhancer constructs indicated that Erg acted on Ets DNA binding sites to stimulate PTHrP expression. Erg was up-regulated in severely affected areas in human OA articular cartilage but remained barely appreciable in areas of less affected cartilage.The study shows for the first time that Erg is a critical molecular regulator of the endurance of articular cartilage during postnatal life and that Erg can mitigate spontaneous and experimental OA. Erg appears to do this through regulating expression of PTHrP and lubricin, factors known for their protective roles in joints.
Abstract 12968: Disparity of Strain Measurements Using Single Vendor Analysis Programs
Authors: Christine Jellis, Zoran Popovic, Christopher May, James Thomas
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Serial strain measurements for detection of early, subclinical disease are being advocated by some guidelines, which advise modification of treatment based on these results. Inconsistency of strain data between different vendors is problematic and acknowledged. We sought to determine if this disparity in strain measurement also occurs using different analysis programs from the same vendor. Methods: Offline analysis was performed to assess 2D longitudinal strain on 20 consecutive subjects. Apical views (4-chamber [4ch], 2-chamber [3ch], and 3-chamber [3ch]) were used to obtain regional and mean global strain (GLS). Analysis was performed using commercial software (EchoPAC BT12; GE Healthcare, Horten, Norway) with semi-automated tissue tracking. Strain measurements on the same images were then repeated with a newer version of the software (EchoPAC, BT13) featuring automatic tissue tracking and using vendor-neutral software (EchoInsight, Epsilon Imaging, MI). Strain data was then compared using p...
Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (EUCAST document E.DEF 8.1) – Report of the Subcommittee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis of the European Committee for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID)
Authors: F. Drobniewski, S. Rüsch-Gerdes, S. Hoffner
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)
Abstract 18793: Impact of Chronic Kidney Disease on Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty: Results from the BRAVO Study
Authors: Georgios Vlachojannis, Annapoorna Kini, Roxana Mehran, Nilusha Gukathasan, Mauricio Cohen, Jennifer Yu, Ziad Sergie, Usman Baber, Samantha Sartori, Robert Pyo, Kleanthis Theodoropoulos, Roja Thapi, Swathi Roy, Swapna Sayeneni, Rebecca Pinnelas, Evan Jacobs, David Knopf, Jason Kovacic, Raj Vadde, Brian O'Neill, Samin K Sharma, George D Dangas
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background Balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) is a palliative treatment for severe aortic stenosis that is increasingly performed as a bridge to transcatheter aortic valve replacement. While chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a frequent comorbidity in elderly patients with aortic stenosis undergoing BAV, its impact on in-hospital outcomes has not yet been determined. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 421 consecutive patients who underwent non-emergent BAV at two high-volume centers. We analyzed baseline and procedural characteristics as well as in-hospital outcomes according to the presence or absence of CKD, defined as a glomerular filtration rate of &lt;60 mL/min/1.73m 2 . All adverse events were adjudicated by a blinded, independent clinical events committee. Results Of the 421 patients who underwent BAV, 251 (59.2%) had CKD. Patients with CKD had significantly higher rates of mortality (8.0% vs. 2.4%, p=0.02) and major bleeding (14.3% vs. 7.6%, p=0.04) as well as net adverse clinical events (18.7% vs. 11.2%, p=0.04) compared to patients without CKD. A secondary analysis stratifying the groups by type of antithrombotic used revealed an almost 3-fold decrease in major bleeding events in CKD patients treated with bivalirudin compared to those receiving heparin (5.8% vs. 14.9%, p=0.01). After multivariate analysis controlling for multiple confounders, CKD remained associated with an increased risk for bleeding (OR 1.99; 95%CI [0.83, 4.78]; p=0.12) and death (OR 2.12; 95%CI [0.61, 7.33]; p=0.24), without statistical significance. Conclusions CKD is associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and bleeding complications post-BAV. Further research is warranted to determine whether adverse outcomes in CKD patients can be reduced through selective use of novel devices or alternative pharmacological approaches.
Levels of Visual Impairment in a Day Centre for People with a Mental Handicap
Authors: A R Haire, S A Vernon, M P Rubinstein
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1991)

A prospective study screening for visual impairment in a day centre for people with a mental handicap showed that 30% required spectacles or registration as blind or partially-sighted and a further 20% had previously unknown pathology. Carers were not reliable in identifying visual problems in their charges, and routine screening should be encouraged. High Street optometrists should be able to measure visual acuity in the individuals in this sample excluding those cared for in special care units for whom screening may be less beneficial.
Prognostic factors in medulloblastoma, including DNA ploidy.
Authors: C Zerbini, R D Gelber, D Weinberg, S E Sallan, P Barnes, W Kupsky, R M Scott, N J Tarbell
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

DNA ploidy status, completeness of surgical resection, use of chemotherapy, adequacy of radiation therapy, metastatic stage, sex, and age at diagnosis were evaluated as predictors of relapse in 58 patients with cerebellar medulloblastoma.Flow cytometry (FCM) and/or image analysis (IA) were used to characterize tumor DNA ploidy. Twelve tumors (21%) were found to be aneuploid, 11 (19%) tetraploid, and 35 (60%) diploid.The most significant predictors of relapse in univariate analyses were the adequacy of radiation (> or = 50 Gy) (P = .02), metastatic staging (P = .05), completeness of resection (P = .085), and DNA ploidy status (diploid/tetraploid v aneuploid; P = .11). When the 52 patients who received > or = 50 Gy were included in a multivariate Cox model analysis, those with diploid/tetraploid tumors had fewer recurrences than those with aneuploid tumors (relative risk, 0.33; 95% confidence interval, 0.12 to 0.89; P = .03). Patients with complete resections (P = .07), or with stage M0 disease (P = .06) had fewer recurrences than other patients, but these factors were not independent predictors of outcome. DNA ploidy status was correlated with age; 10 of the 12 aneuploid tumors were found in children ages 3 to 10 years. Age, sex, and the use of chemotherapy were not prognostically significant in these analyses.The adequacy of radiation dose and DNA ploidy were the most important prognostic factors in this series. Contrary to previous reports, when corrected for adequacy of treatment, DNA aneuploidy was associated with a poor outcome. By multivariate analyses, DNA ploidy was an independent variable, even when controlling for extent of surgical resection and metastatic stage.
Hypofibrinogenemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: A Van Hoof, A Louwagie, A Criel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1987)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1987.5.12.2044 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3479533 Hypofibrinogenemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A Van HoofxA Van HoofSearch for articles by this author , A LouwagiexA LouwagieSearch for articles by this author , A CrielxA CrielSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1987.5.12.2044 PDF "Hypofibrinogenemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 5(12), p. 2044© 1987 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Serum levels of soluble CD30 are elevated in the majority of untreated patients with Hodgkin's disease and correlate with clinical features and prognosis.
Authors: G Nadali, F Vinante, A Ambrosetti, G Todeschini, D Veneri, R Zanotti, V Meneghini, M M Ricetti, F Benedetti, A Vassanelli
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1994)

PURPOSE To evaluate the serum levels of the soluble form of the CD30 molecule (sCD30) in patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) to establish whether there is a correlation with clinical features at presentation and prognosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS The sCD30 serum levels of 117 patients were measured at diagnosis with a commercial sandwich enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) test kit, and in 78 of these patients the sCD30 levels were also recorded during the follow-up period. RESULTS sCD30 levels at diagnosis were increased (&gt; 20 U/mL) in a high proportion of patients (87.2%; mean +/- SD, 108 +/- 134 v 5.3 +/- 5.7 U/mL in controls, P &lt; .0001) and correlated with stage (stages I + II, 73 +/- 97 U/mL; III + IV, 162 +/- 165 U/mL; P &lt; .0001), with presence of B symptoms (stage A, 69 +/- 82 U/mL; stage B, 162 +/- 171 U/mL; P &lt; .0001), and, to some extent, with tumor burden (bulky presentation, 141 +/- 129 U/mL; nonbulky, 91 +/- 133 U/mL; P = .058). Patients with sCD30 levels greater than 100 U/mL at diagnosis had a significantly higher rate of poor outcome in terms of failure to achieve a complete remission (CR) or disease relapse after CR achievement. In fact, the event-free survival (EFS) duration of patients with sCD30 levels greater than 100 U/mL was significantly worse (P = .0016). Using multivariate analysis, an sCD30 level greater than 100 U/mL retained its significance after adjustment for other prognostic parameters. CONCLUSION sCD30 in HD at presentation strictly correlates with clinical features. Serum levels greater than 100 U/mL at diagnosis entail a significantly higher risk of treatment failure, a factor that is independent of other prognostic parameters.
Betulinic Acid and its Derivatives as Potential Antitumor Agents
Authors: Dong‐Mei Zhang, Hong‐Gui Xu, Lei Wang, Ying‐Jie Li, Ping‐Hua Sun, Xiao‐Ming Wu, Guang‐Ji Wang, Wei‐Min Chen, Wen‐Cai Ye
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2015)

Abstract Betulinic acid (BA) is a lupane‐type pentacyclic triterpene, distributed ubiquitously throughout the plant kingdom. BA and its derivatives demonstrate multiple bioactivities, particularly an antitumor effect. This review critically describes the recent research on isolation, synthesis, and derivatization of BA and its natural analogs betulin and 23‐hydroxybetulinic acid. The subsequent part of the review focuses on the current knowledge of antitumor properties, combination treatments, and pharmacological mechanisms of these compounds. A 3D‐QSAR analysis of 62 BA derivatives against human ovarian cancer A2780 is also included to provide information concerning the structure–cytotoxicity relationships of these compounds.
Effect of Family Relationships on Psychogeriatric Patients
Authors: K Bergmann, V Manchee, R T Woods
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1984)

Severe strain has been repeatedly reported in the families of psychogeriatric patients. Nevertheless, many families continue to provide a great deal of support, despite the undoubted burden involved. A retrospective study of short-term outcome in 60 psychogeriatric referrals demonstrated the importance of some aspects of the relationship between the patient and their key supporting relative. In the sample as a whole, and in functional patients, the extent to which a positive communication system existed was significant. In patients with dementia, poor outcome was related to the patient being less dependent and more dominant in their interaction with the relative. The implications of this study for intervention and future research are discussed.
Quantitative hepatitis B core antibody levels in the natural history of hepatitis B virus infection
Authors: L.-W. Song, P.-G. Liu, C.-J. Liu, T.-Y. Zhang, X.-D. Cheng, H.-L. Wu, H.-C. Yang, X.-K. Hao, Q. Yuan, J. Zhang, J.-H. Kao, D.-S. Chen, P.-J. Chen, N.-S. Xia
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2014)
Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) kinase inhibitors associated with a novel T854A mutation in a patient with EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: J. Bean, G. J. Riely, M. Balak, J. L. Marks, M. Ladanyi, V. A. Miller, W. Pao
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

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Mucormycosis after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a French Multicentre Cohort Study (2003-2008)
Authors: A. Xhaard, F. Lanternier, R. Porcher, E. Dannaoui, A. Bergeron, L. Clement, C. Lacroix, R. Herbrecht, F. Legrand, M. Mohty, M. Michallet, C. Cordonnier, S. Malak, D. Guyotat, LJ. Couderc, G. Socié, N. Milpied, O. Lortholary, P. Ribaud
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2012)