tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Unsuspected Pseudophysiologic Emphysema in Chronic Persistent Asthma
Authors: ARTHUR F. GELB, NOE ZAMEL
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2000)

The current literature emphasizes the role of airway remodeling in chronic persistent asthma and its putative effect on causing fixed expiratory airflow limitation. We studied 18 adults with chronic persistent asthma; 12 men, six women, age 59 ± 15 yr (mean ± SD) with fixed expiratory airflow obstruction. We measured lung elastic recoil and examined the mechanism of expiratory airflow limitation. Diaphragmatic strength was also measured in six asthmatics, using both sniff and partially occluded airway technique. All 18 asthmatics had markedly abnormal maximal expiratory flow–volume curves at both high and low lung volumes. Hyperinflation was present at residual volume (RV), FRC, and TLC in all subjects. Diffusing capacity was normal or elevated and lung computed tomography (CT) was normal in all 18 asthmatic subjects. There was a significant loss of lung elastic recoil in three of four asthmatics age 30 to 49, all five age 51 to 60 yr, and seven of nine age 61 to 82 yr. Maximal expiratory airflow limitation in only four elderly asthmatics and only at low lung volumes was due completely to loss of lung elastic recoil. In the others, we estimate the reduction in lung elastic recoil was responsible for 35% reduction in maximal expiratory airflow at 80% of TLC, and 55% at 70% of TLC. Despite hyperinflation, transdiaphragmatic pressures and strength were normal. The mechanisms responsible for loss of lung elastic recoil remain elusive. The high incidence of loss of lung elastic recoil in chronic persistent asthma was unexpected, and its contribution to abnormal lung function needs to be emphasized.
FDA Action Allows More Obese Patients to Qualify for a Bariatric Procedure
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin Potentiates the Immunomodulatory Effects of H22-Fel d 1 in Highly Atopic Subjects
Authors: K.E. Hulse, A.J. Reefer, S.M. Satinover, M.D. Chapman, V.H. Engelhard, J.A. Woodfolk
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
John Alan William McKelvey
Authors: I. McKelvey
Journal: BMJ (2015)

John Alan William McKelvey (“Alan”) was born into a farming family in Northern Ireland. At his local school, Omagh Academy, he excelled at academia, rugby, and athletics. The youngest son, he left home and enrolled at Queens University, Belfast, to study medicine. There he played rugby on the wing for the 1st XV in a team that boasted several British Lions including Jack Kyle. …
Review: In stable obstructive CAD, PCI plus medical therapy (MT) does not differ from MT alone
Authors: Michael P. Hudson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2014)

Source Citation Stergiopoulos K, Boden WE, Hartigan P, et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention outcomes in patients with stable obstructive coronary artery disease and myocardial ischemia: a collaborative meta-analysis of contemporary randomized clinical trials. JAMA Intern Med. 2014;174:232-40. 24296791
New WHO guidelines for the treatment of malaria
Authors: H. Reyburn
Journal: BMJ (2010)

Quality assured diagnosis of malaria in Africa is a major challengeThe publication of a second edition of the World Health Organization's guidelines for the treatment of malaria in March 2010 just four years after the first is testament to how quickly malaria control has developed in the past few years.1This is not so much the result of new tools for control, but rather the changing use of existing tools, whose more effective application over the past 10 years has resulted in a marked reduction in the global burden of malaria.
Prevalence of Congenital Homocystinuria in Denmark
Authors: Mette Gaustadnes, Jørgen Ingerslev, Niels Rütiger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

To the Editor: Homocystinuria due to a deficiency of cystathionine β-synthase has been reported to occur with a cumulative overall frequency of 1 in 344,000 worldwide, a value that ranges from 1 in...
Diseases of the Chest
Authors: William Lester
Journal: JAMA (1970)

This book remains preeminent among the general textbooks dealing with pulmonary disease and is recommended highly. It distills the experience of one man—H. Corwin Hinshaw with, however, the assistance of Drs. Carman and Young in an excellent chapter dealing with the clinical applications of pulmonary function tests and, perhaps as a portent for the future, a valuable last chapter describing pulmonary diseases of occupational origin written by H. C. Hinshaw, Jr. This third edition has been extensively rewritten and in general is quite current and topical. Written at a clinical level for physicans dealing with patients, it has the great advantage of expressing the experience and philosophy of one man. Because of its general clinical orientation, this book does not attempt to summarize current investigational studies in enzyme chemistry or the ultrastructure of alveolar cells. However, the clinical syndromes and their management are well described. Bibliographic references are made selectively
FEEDING IN HYPEREMESIS GRAVIDARUM
Authors: CHARLES S. BACON
Journal: JAMA (1918)

A review of the work done on the etiology of hyperemesis gravidarum shows that there is probably some kind of a toxic element in all cases which disturbs the vasomotor system and renders more sensitive the all bloods taken and found unfit for use from any cause, although only three were anticomplementary.In the 6,000 Wassermann reactions, twenty-eight, or From the Pathological Laboratory of the University of Louisville
Sleuthing in Hospitals
Authors: Kenneth J. Rothman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

Hospitals are remarkably successful institutions for reducing illness and preventing death. For some patients, however, danger lurks inside the hospital doors.The greatest risk that the hospital environment presents to the patient is that of infection. More than 3 million infections each year are acquired in U.S. hospitals, afflicting about 1 patient in every 18 admitted to an acute care facility.1 Although antiseptic technique has been prescribed routinely in the century since Lister's principles became widely accepted, it is still common for patients to die with infections first acquired inside a hospital.Hospitals attract infected patients and breed the parasites . . .
828 A CATHETER-MOUNTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE DETECTOR COIL FOR BILIARY IMAGING: FIRST IN VITRO BILIARY IMAGES
Authors: C. Wadsworth, R. Syms, S. Khan, R. Dickinson, W. Gedroyc, M. Thursz, M. Ahmad, S. Awan, W. Caspersz, S. Taylor-Robinson, I. Young
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2009)
The use of desmopressin as a hemostatic agent: A concise review
Authors: Massimo Franchini
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Abstract Desmopressin, a synthetic derivative of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin, is the treatment of choice for most patients with von Willebrand disease and mild hemophilia A. Moreover, the compound has been shown to be useful in a variety of inherited and acquired hemorrhagic conditions, including some congenital platelet function defects, chronic liver disease, uremia, and hemostatic defects induced by the therapeutic use of antithrombotic drugs such as aspirin and ticlopidine. Finally, desmopressin has been used as a blood saving agent in patients undergoing operations characterized by large blood loss and transfusion requirements, but studies suggest that this is not as effective as other methods. This review briefly summarizes the current clinical indications on the use of desmopressin as a hemostatic agent. Am. J. Hematol., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Increased bacterial antibody titres and IgA deficiency in epileptic patients.
Authors: M Iivanainen, J Syrjanen, O Waltimo, V V Valtonen, N E Gilhus
Journal: BMJ (1987)

Increased bacterial antibody titres-and IgA deficiency in epileptic patients An association between epileptic seizures and increased serum bacterial antibody titres was recently reported in Finnish patients receiving carba- mazepine and those receiving no drugs.'We studied bacterial antibody titres in Norwegian patients with epilepsy receiving long term treatment with phenytoin, many of whom had IgA deficiency.
Immunologic Responsiveness in Phenylketonuria
Authors: Abba I. Terr
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Recent studies have demonstrated that administration of the amino acid phenylalanine (L-phenylalanine) to experimental animals will result in partial suppression of antibody responses to diptheria toxoid and sheep red blood cells and will also cause partial suppression of homograft rejection.<sup>1,2</sup>Since patients with phenylketonuria may have markedly elevated serum phenylalanine levels, the present study was undertaken to determine if immunologic responsiveness is impaired in humans with this disorder. Antibody responses following immunization with diphtheria toxoid and<i>Escherichia coli</i>Vi antigen, the development of delayed hypersensitivity following administration of BCG vaccine, and serum immunoglobulin levels were studied in phenylketonuric children on normal diets and on standard low-phenylalanine diets. Similar studies were performed in nonphenylketonuric controls. <h3>Materials and Methods</h3><h3>Subjects.—</h3> Four groups of subjects (Table 1) were used for this study: <h3>Group A.—</h3> Children with phenylketonuria (PKU currently on a standard low-phenylalanine diet with biochemical controls. <h3>Group B.—</h3> Control
TCT-49 A Comparison of 5 mg Prasugrel With 75 mg Clopidogrel in Very Elderly Coronary Artery Disease Patients: Pharmacodynamics and Rates of High on-Treatment Reactivity
Authors: Joseph Jakubowski, David Erlinge, Paul Gurbel, Chunmei Zhou, Kenneth Winters, Patricia Brown, Tomas Lindahl, Peter Svensson, Jurrien Ten Berg, Stefan James, Dominick Angiolillo
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
A Walk on the Beach
Authors: Anthony Joseph Chiaramida
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2002)

Ad Libitum21 May 2002A Walk on the BeachAnthony Joseph Chiaramida, MDAnthony Joseph Chiaramida, MDPerth Amboy, NJ 08861Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-136-10-200205210-00023 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail The wind invites me, tired, out to the sandy beachIt stretches out before me, endless beneath my feet.Warm, and soft, and yielding,A bed for me to sleep.And as I bend down slowly,A smile on my face,I try to grab some handfulsBut the grains, too small, don't stay.And they slide between my fingertips,Despite the tighter gripAnd I smile again to realizeThat the sand remains in place.For others who will come,Tired of their fates,And rest their souls upon the breastAnd warm heart of this beach.As they ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Perth Amboy, NJ 08861Corresponding Author: Anthony Joseph Chiaramida, MD, Raritan Bay Medical Center, 530 New Brunswick Avenue, Perth Amboy, NJ 08861 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 21 May 2002Volume 136, Issue 10Page: 783KeywordsHand strengthHeartSleep ePublished: 21 May 2002 Issue Published: 21 May 2002 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2002 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Commentary: A call for preventive ethics
Authors: J. Sugarman
Journal: BMJ (2009)

The current practice of sending reduction mammoplasty specimens for routine histological examination can result in a complicated set of circumstances that raise important ethical issues. As described by Keshtgar and colleagues, a small but measurable subset of these specimens show malignancy of uncertain clinical significance.1 Since patients undergoing this reconstructive procedure apparently are not informed about screening of the tissue removed during surgery, they may be understandably surprised that cancer was found and also face …
Abstract 2071: Docosahexaenoic acid-induced apoptosis is directly linked to mitochondria-mediated reactive oxygen species production in human cervical cancer cells
Authors: Kaipeng Jing, Soyeon Shin, Nayeong Kim, Soyeon Jeong, Hye-Rim Oh, Eun-Ah Cho, Ji-Hoon Park, Kang-Sik Seo, Jun-Young Heo, Jeong-Su Han, Jong-Il Park, Gi-Ryang Kweon, Seung-Kiel Park, Wan-Hee Yoon, Byung-Doo Hwang, Kyu Lim
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have an important function in cancer cell death. However, the exact mechanism of ROS production, after DHA stimulation, is not clearly understood. Here, we determined that elevated levels of ROS generated by mitochondrial respiration is directly associated with DHA-induced cervical cancer cell death. The levels of caspase 3 activity, TUNEL-positive staining cells and Sub-G1 portion were markedly increased in DHA-treated cancer cells, suggesting that apoptosis is responsible for the DHA-induced cervical cancer cell death. Furthermore, DHA was able to induce both mitochondrial complex I substrate- and complex II substrate-supported mitochondrial ROS production in isolated mitochondria from rodent liver. Meanwhile, a reduction in oxygen consumption rate and an increase in mitochondrial ROS production as measured by MitoSOX, were also observed in DHA-treated cancer cells, indicating that DHA can directly act on mitochondrial respiration and enhance ROS generation. The role of DHA-induced mitochondrial ROS production in apoptosis was further identified by the findings that DHA reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in cardiolipin oxidation and cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and that N-acetylcysteine, an antioxidant almost completely blocked these processes as well as ROS production occurred in mitochondria and remarkably reversed the apoptotic cell death triggered by DHA. From the results presented here, we conclude that mitochondria actively participate in the DHA-induced apoptotic cell death by the generation of mitochondrial ROS. (This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2011-0006232 and 2011-0003060)). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2071. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2071
Intensive training of the young in sport and recreation--medical aspects
Authors: T. B. Begg
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (1973)

ScreeningYoung people selected for intensive training in sport or recreation will already have had at least a little experience of the sport in question and have shown a keeness to continue the sport and develop their skill; that is, they will be highly motivated before embarking on any intensive scheme of training.The age of the young person ought to be taken into consideration.While it is reasonable to interest pre-adolescent children in a sport or recreation and to allow them to develop skills and neuromuscular coordination, it is certainly of little value to embark on intensive training before the adolescent growth spurt.In females this occurs from the age of 11 or 12 until 15 and in the male from 14 until 16 or perhaps even 18.In general, intensive training will begin towards the end of this adolescent growth phase or perhaps even after it is over.Physique.
Back to basics on NHS networking
Authors: J. Keen
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> An ability to safely harness the powerful regenerative potential of adult stem cells for clinical applications is critically dependent on a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms regulating their activity. Epithelial organoid cultures accurately recapitulate many features of <i>in vivo</i> stem cell-driven epithelial regeneration, providing an excellent <i>ex vivo</i> platform for interrogation of key regulatory mechanisms. Here, we employed a Genome-Scale CRISPR Knock-Out (GeCKO) screening assay using mouse gastric epithelial organoids to identify novel modulators of Wnt-driven stem cell-dependent epithelial regeneration in the gastric mucosa. In addition to known Wnt pathway regulators such as <i>Apc</i>, we found that knock-out (KO) of <i>Alk</i>, <i>Bclaf3</i> or <i>Prkra</i> supports the Wnt independent self-renewal of gastric epithelial cells <i>ex vivo</i>. In adult mice, expression of these factors is predominantly restricted to non <i>Lgr5</i>-expressing stem cell zones above the gland base, implicating a critical role for these factors in suppressing Wnt-dependent self-renewal of gastric epithelia. Furthermore, using comprehensive RNA-sequencing analysis, we found that these factors influence epithelial regeneration by regulating Wnt signalling, apoptosis and expression of Reg family genes which could contribute to the epithelial regeneration through JAK/STAT3 pathway.
CDC Has Role in 40 Worldwide Health Programs as World Heath Organization Collaborator
Authors: Teri Randall
Journal: JAMA (1990)

THE CDC is a collaborating center for 40 programs of the World Health Organization, an independent arm of the United Nations based in Geneva, Switzerland.  No institution in the world hosts as many collaborating centers for the United Nations unit. Some of the CDC centers act as the sole World Health Organization center for a particular subject area, but most are part of an international group of centers.  Collaborating centers provide assistance to other countries and act as advisors to the World Health Organization on specific problems. Laboratory centers receive specimens from all over the world.  New collaborating centers are established at the request of World Health Organization officials and on the approval of the CDC director. With the center comes considerable responsibility and a tiny bit of money, says Walter Dowdle, PhD, the CDC's former acting director and himself a consultant to the world organization. He says most centers
Nasopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Metastatic to Psoas Muscle
Authors: Guy J. Amir, Malik E. Juweid
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 50-year-old man was referred to our center for PET/CT, 12 weeks after chemoradiation for a T3N2c squamous cell carcinoma of the nasopharynx. A focus of increased uptake was seen in the left psoas muscle with SUVmax of 8.4, with a corresponding 1.7 cm hypodensity on coregistered CT. This was interpreted as a likely psoas abscess although metastasis could not be ruled out. Histopathology of the left iliopsoas muscle excision performed 6 weeks later, showed poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. This case emphasizes the need for biopsy of suspicious findings if there is no clear clinical, laboratory, and radiological evidence of infection even if the suspected finding seems to be very unusual for a metastatic lesion.
BIOELECTRIC RESPONSES IN METRAZOL AND INSULIN SHOCK
Authors: J. E. GOODWIN, W. K. KERR, F. L. LAWSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1940)

(1) The bioelectric potentials from the brain of the rabbit have been studied during metrazol and insulin shock. Insulin, administered subcutaneously, causes a marked increase in the slow wave activity during the coma stage. Cortical potentials during the convulsions are masked by the potential artefacts caused by the violent movements. Except for a few cases of localized spike potentials recorded from the cortex during the pre-convulsive stage, no characteristic cortical potentials are seen immediately preceding the convulsion. (2) The potentials recorded from the cortex following a shock injection of metrazol may be divided into four phases. These phases are correlated with the various stages of the physical shock. (3) Thalamus, midbrain and cerebellum show abnormal electrical activity during metrazol shock. (4) Sections at various levels in the central nervous system show that the electrical response in the cortex due to the action of metrazol, is not primarily dependent on the severed pathways. Characteristic shock potential sequences may even be recorded from small areas of neurologically isolated cortical tissue. The physical shock, on the other hand, is altered profoundly by these neurological sections. (5) Minute quantities of metrazol, applied locally to discrete areas of the cortex of the rabbit, initiate a bioelectric response which, although much more localized, resembles closely that seen following intravenous injection. This activity may spread to other cortical or even sub-cortical areas, presumably by facilitation. (6) An attempt is made to explain something of the action of metrazol on the brain, on the basis of what is already known regarding the effects of faradic stimulation of the cortex.
Cross‐reactivity between<i>Platanus</i>pollen and vegetables
Authors: J. C. Miralles, F. Caravaca, F. Guillén, M. Lombardero, J. M. Negro
Journal: Allergy (2002)

Several associations have been described between tree and plant pollens and certain foods. The objective of this study is to verify whether there is cross-reactivity between Platanus pollen and vegetable origin foods.We selected 56 patients allergic to vegetable foods and subjected them to cutaneous tests with aeroallergens and vegetable foods. A statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the association of Platanus pollen with foods and with other aeroallergens. Later, a specific IgE determination was performed as well as a RAST (radioallergosorbent) inhibition experiment, to verify the existence of cross-reactivity in vitro.In the cutaneous tests we found a positive correlation between Platanus pollen and hazelnut, peanut, banana and celery. The results of the RAST inhibition experiment indicate an important cross-reactivity between the pollen of Platanus acerifolia and hazelnut and banana fruit, and an intermediate cross-reactivity with celery and peanut.We have described an association between the pollen of the Platanus tree and some vegetable foods such as hazelnut, banana, peanut and celery. This association could be explained by the in vitro IgE cross-reactivity detected.