tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PEPTIC ESOPHAGITIS SIMULATING THE "POSTCHOLECYSTECTOMY SYNDROME"
Authors: A I FRIEDMAN
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1958)

Article1 July 1958PEPTIC ESOPHAGITIS SIMULATING THE "POSTCHOLECYSTECTOMY SYNDROME"A. I. FRIEDMAN, M.D.A. I. FRIEDMAN, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-49-1-120 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe finding of a pathologic gall-bladder following roentgen examination has as a rule been sufficient reason for surgical intervention to relieve the patient's gastrointestinal complaints. Although removal of the diseased viscus is usually indicated, the presence of cholelithiasis or a nonvisualizing gall-bladder does not necessarily imply that the patient's symptoms are due to gall-bladder disease. The high incidence of the silent, calculous gall-bladder has been very well documented: at least 10% of a large series of patients with calculous gall-bladder were asymptomatic.1Occasionally, symptoms that persist following cholecystectomy are attributed to biliary dyskinesia when the intravenous cholecystogram is negative, or...Bibliography1. Truesdell ED: Frequency and future of gall stones believed to be quiescent or symptomless, Ann. Surg. 119: 232 (Feb.) 1944. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. Bockus HL: Gastroenterology, Vol. 3, 1946, W. B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, p. 595. Google Scholar3. Allison PR: Hiatus hernia, Surg., Gynec. and Obst. 92: 419, 1951. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. Walters W: Postcholecystectomy dyskinesia with pancreatitis, sphincteritis, and choledocholithiasis as causes, J. A. M. A. 160: 425, 1956. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar5. IvyGrossmanBachrach ACMIWH: Peptic ulcer, 1950, The Blakiston Co., Philadelphia, p. 38. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Hackensack, New Jersey*Received for publication July 18, 1957.Requests for reprints should be addressed to A. I. Friedman, M.D., 405 State Street, Hackensack, New Jersey. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe effects of cholecystectomy on oesophageal symptomsThe hiatus hernia-esophagitis-esophageal stricture complexEsophageal Acid Perfusion Test and a Gastroesophageal Reflux Test in Patients with Esophagitis 1 July 1958Volume 49, Issue 1Page: 120-129KeywordsCholecystectomyCholelithiasisHernia ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1958 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract P013: Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Hypertension in African Americans According to 2014 Guidelines
Authors: Eshan Vasudeva, Nathalie Moise, Keane Y Tzong, Joanne Penko, Lee Goldman, Pamela G Coxson, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Andrew E Moran
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Background: Among U.S. ethnic groups, African Americans have the highest prevalence of hypertension and higher rates of hypertension-related morbidity and mortality. We estimated the cost-effectiveness of improved hypertension control in African Americans. Methods: The populations studied were African Americans and all U.S. adults aged 35-74 years. Using the CVD Policy Model, we simulated CVD events and non-CVD deaths, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and hypertension and CVD treatment costs, before and after implementing 2014 U.S. guidelines. African American and overall U.S. CVD incidence, mortality, and risk factor levels were obtained from cohort studies, vital statistics, and the NHANES. Hypertension treatment effects were derived from a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Stage 2 hypertension was defined as BP ≥160/100 mmHg; stage 1 as BP ≥140/90 and &lt;160/100 mmHg. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated as change in costs divided by change in QALYs. An ICER &lt;50,000 was cost effective, ≥$50,000 and &lt;$150,000 intermediate value, and &gt;$150,000 low value. Results: Treating hypertension in CVD patients and in stage 2 hypertensives without CVD would be cost-saving in all African Americans and in all but the youngest women overall (Table). Treating stage 1 hypertension would be cost-saving in all African American men except for ages 35-44 without diabetes or CKD, and cost-saving in all women ≥45 years old. Treating the youngest women with stage 1 hypertension was of intermediate or low value in both African Americans and the U.S. overall, but of more value in African American women. Discussion: In a computer simulation of hypertension treatment according to 2014 guidelines, we found that controlling hypertension would be cost-saving in all African American adults age 45 or older. These results suggest that investment in effective clinic and community-based interventions aimed at controlling hypertension in African Americans would yield high value to health system payers and to society.
Abstract 12949: Aerobic Exercise After an ICD: Results of the 6 Month Follow-Up in the Anti-Arrhythmic Effects of Exercise After an ICD Trial
Authors: Cynthia M Dougherty, Robb Glenny, Peter Kudenchuk, Robert Burr
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The Anti-Arrhythmic Effects of Exercise Trial reported that aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks after an implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) significantly improved the primary outcome of cardiopulmonary function without ICD shocks or adverse events. This is a report on the longer term outcomes at 24 weeks of exercise maintenance that was continued after aerobic training. Hypothesis: When 8 weeks of aerobic exercise training is followed by aerobic exercise maintenance (50% reduction in the amount of walking), cardiopulmonary function [peak VO2, EX time, VO2 at AT, O2 pulse, METS, Maximum HR] will be maintained without an increase in ICD shocks or hospitalizations. Methods: 160 subjects (80/group) with a prior ICD implant (40% primary and 60% secondary prevention), mean age 55 +12 years, 78% male, 84% Caucasian, 100% beta-blocked, and mean EF%=40%, entered a RCT comparing aerobic exercise to usual care (UC). At baseline, 8 and 24 weeks, participants completed cardiopulmonary exercise testing using a modified Balke treadmill protocol. Aerobic training= 8 weeks of home walking 1 hour/day on 5 days/week at 60-80% of maximum HR using the Karvonen formula, was followed by aerobic maintenance (EX)= 16 weeks of home walking for 150 min/week. ICD shocks and hospitalizations were verified with medical records. Analysis of variance was used to determine group x time effects on study outcomes. Results: Aerobic maintenance significantly increased peak VO2 ml/kg/min, p&lt;0.000 (EX 26.9+7.7, UC 23.4+6.0), EX minutes, p&lt;0.000 (EX 16:27+ 6:36; UC 13:24+4:33), VO2 at AT ml/kg/min, p=0.001 (EX 23.0+6.8; UC 19.8+5.8), O2 pulse p=0.01 (EX 18.7+5.5; UC 16.8+4.9), and METS, p&lt;0.001 (EX 7.6+2.2; UC 6.7+1.8). Maximum HR was unchanged. The number of ICD shocks related to exercise was =1: 3 in UC and 1 in exercise received an ICD shock or ATP during follow-up. There were 11 hospitalizations in each group, none were related to exercise. Conclusions: Aerobic exercise maintenance for 16 weeks that followed aerobic exercise training for 8 weeks, maintained gains in cardiopulmonary function despite reducing the amount of walking by half (300 min vs. 150 min). Aerobic exercise in patients with an ICD is safe without increasing the number of ICD shocks or hospitalizations.
Adding neurovascular thrombectomy to IV t-PA reduced disability in acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Graeme J. Hankey
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2015)

ACP Journal Club18 August 2015Adding neurovascular thrombectomy to IV t-PA reduced disability in acute ischemic strokeGraeme J. Hankey, MDGraeme J. Hankey, MDUniversity of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (G.J.H.)Author, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/ACPJC-2015-163-4-005 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationSaver JL, Goyal M, Bonafe A, et al; SWIFT PRIME Investigators. Stent-retriever thrombectomy after intravenous t-PA vs. t-PA alone in stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:2285-95. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25882376Clinical Impact RatingsEmergency Med: Neurology: References1. Berkhemer OA, Fransen PS, Beumer D, et al; MR CLEAN Investigators. A randomized trial of intraarterial treatment for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:11-20. [PMID: 25517348] Google Scholar2. Campbell BC, Mitchell PJ, Kleinig TJ, et al; EXTEND-IA Investigators. Endovascular therapy for ischemic stroke with perfusion-imaging selection. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1009-18. [PMID: 25671797] Google Scholar3. Goyal M, Demchuk AM, Menon BK, et al; ESCAPE Trial Investigators. Randomized assessment of rapid endovascular treatment of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1019-30. [PMID: 25671798] Google Scholar4. Jovin TG, Chamorro A, Cobo E, et al; REVASCAT Trial Investigators. Thrombectomy within 8 hours after symptom onset in ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:2296-306. [PMID: 25882510] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Graeme J. Hankey, MDAffiliations: University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia (G.J.H.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 August 2015. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 August 2015Volume 163, Issue 4Page: JC5KeywordsAlgorithmsComputed axial tomographyDisabilitiesInfarctionIschemic strokeMagnetic resonance angiographySafetySerious adverse eventsStrokeTissue plasminogen activator ePublished: 18 August 2015 Issue Published: 18 August 2015 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2015 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Exercise-induced pulmonary pressure changes in scleroderma patients – A follow-up study
Authors: Gabor Kovacs, Alexander Avian, Nora Wutte, Franz Hafner, Florentine Moazerdi-Fürst, Elisabeth Aberer, Marianne Brodmann, Winfried Graninger, Vasile Foris, Maria Tscherner, Xhylsime Kqiku, Andrea Olschewski, Horst Olschewski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background  Although systemic sclerosis is a risk factor for the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH), the development of PH is not fully understood. Our goal was to follow-up hemodynamic changes at rest and during exercise in patients with systemic sclerosis.  Patients and methods  Patients with systemic sclerosis underwent exercise echocardiography, cardiopulmonary exercise testing and part of them right heart catheterization (RHC) at rest and during exercise at baseline and 3-5 years after their first examination. Patients with known relevant cardiac and pulmonary limitations were excluded. Primary end point was systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) at 50 W. In the subgroup with repeated RHC, primary end point was resting mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP). To compare the results of the baseline and follow-up measurements paired t-tests were used.  Results  N=85 patients were included. SPAP at 50W increased (39.5±11.6 to 42.9±10.1, pl0.05), and peak oxygen uptake decreased (79.4±22.5 to 73.9±21.2, pl0.05) between baseline and follow-up. In the right heart catheterization subgroup n=36 patients were included. Here, mPAP at rest did not change significantly (16.1±3.5 to 17.0±3.4, p=0.16), but mPAP at 50W increased (27.3±5.0 to 29.6±6.6, pl0.05) during follow-up. Manifest PH developed in one patient.  Conclusion  We observed a mild, but significant PAP increase during exercise and peak oxygen uptake decrease after 3-5 years follow-up in our scleroderma patients without known relevant cardiac and pulmonary limitations at baseline. Further analysis of the data may reveal parameters to recognize patients with more rapid deterioration.
Changing society: changing role of doctors
Authors: T. Theorell
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Papers p 1437 

The role of the doctor has changed drastically since the 1930s and 1940s, when practitioners struggled with unbelievably large numbers of patients in their districts. Today the numbers of patients are much smaller, but their qualitative demands are much higher. At the same time the high status of the doctor has been diminished. These changing patterns of work and position in society are creating new, and damaging, stresses.

Our own studies in the 1980s at the Swedish National Institute for Psychosocial Factors and Health showed that doctors had longer working hours and more exposure to shiftwork schedules (being on call) but also more stimulating work than men and women in most otheroccupations.1 Doctors also claimed that in relation to most aspects of their work they had reasonable control over their working situation—more than in most other occupations. Since then the situation has changed.

Recent studies of the working population in Sweden show that both female and male doctors report both high demands and little …
Gone to the dogsBiology and Conservation of Wild Canids edited by David W. Macdonald and Claudio Sillero-Zubiri. Oxford University Press, 2004. E80.00/US$135.75 hbk, E37.50, US$63.75 pbk (432 pages) ISBN 0 19 851555 3/0 19 851556 1
Authors: J GINSBERG
Journal: Trends in Ecology & Evolution (2004)
Abstract 19616: Ischemic Stress Reduces Cardiac Progenitor Cell Self-renewal Through Gsk3β Activation and Reduction in Cmyc Stability
Authors: Victoria Florea, Paola A Barrios, Courtney Lamondin, Audrey S Medina, Claudia O Rodrigues
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: The adult heart harbors a population of resident stem cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into cardiac, smooth muscle and endothelial lineages. Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) have been shown to promote cardiac regeneration and improve heart function. However, despite their potential use in cardiac repair, evidence suggests that resident CPCs regenerative capacity is limited in conditions of severe hypoxia such as ischemic cardiomyopathy. Elucidation of the mechanisms involved in CPC protection against hypoxic stress is essential to maximize their cardioprotective and therapeutic potential. Methods and Results: We investigated the growth pattern of murine CPCs under normoxia (21% oxygen) and hypoxia (0.5% oxygen) conditions along a period of 96 hours. We found that CPC proliferation in hypoxia was significantly reduced by 40% after 72-96 hours (p&lt;0.05, n=4-7), without evidence of increase in cell death. CPC proliferation was accompanied with a time-dependent increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity by 30% in hypoxia relative to normoxia control (p&lt;0.02, n=7). Western blot analysis of CPCs grown under normoxia and hypoxia revealed a time-dependent decrease in the expression of the transcription factor cMyc and its downstream target Bmi-1 by 40% and 30% (p&lt;0.05, n=4-5) relative to normoxia control, respectively. Interestingly, reduction in cMyc protein expression was not associated with a decrease in cMyc transcripts, suggesting that cMyc protein degradation is activated under hypoxia. Treatment of CPCs with cycloheximide to block protein synthesis showed that the rate of cMyc degradation under hypoxia is increased by 30% (p&lt;0.05, n=5) relative to normoxia. GSK3β plays a central role in the control of cMyc stability. Growth of CPCs in the presence of GSK3β inhibitor rescued proliferation in hypoxia by approximately 40% (n=4). Conclusions: Our results suggest that hypoxic stress reduces CPC self-renewal potential by inducing CPC senescence through a mechanism that involves decrease of cMyc stability through GSK3β activation. Modulation of GSK3β activity may be used as a therapeutic approach for protection of endogenous CPCs self-renewal potential under ischemic conditions.
GLYCOLYSIS BY SARCOMA 180 OF MICE TREATED WITH 6-MERCAPTOPURINE. II. CONDITIONS DETERMINING THE FORMATION OF PYRUVATE FROM 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE.
Authors: P J Fodor, H C Reilly
Journal: Cancer Research (1964)

Summary  The formation of pyruvate from 3-d-phosphoglycerate by Sarcoma 180 homogenates from mice treated with 6-mercaptopurine was investigated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. The anaerobic conditions required the saturation of both media and homogenates with a gas mixture consisting of 95 per cent N 2  and 5 per cent CO 2 , preceding the start of the reaction. The sharp drop in pyruvate output of the gassed homogenates was correlated with the inactivation of enolase. Pyruvate formation was restored by reinforcement of these homogenates with crystalline muscle enolase, the activity of which remained unchanged after treatment with N 2 /CO 2 . In the course of the saturation of the homogenates with this gas mixture a drop from their initial pH of 7.1 ± 0.1 to 6.2 ± 0.1 was observed. The inactivation of enolase was not specific for CO 2  but could be duplicated in the pH range of 6.1–6.4 by acetate buffer but not by phosphate buffer. Moreover, the presence of phosphate buffer of pH 6.2 protected the enolase from inactivation by treatment with N 2 /CO 2  or from inactivation by acetate buffer. In contrast, saturation with N 2 /CO 2  or acidification to pH 6.2 with acetate buffer caused only minor decreases of the enolase activity in tumor homogenates of the nontreated control animals, and saturation with this gas mixture did not change their pyruvate output. The enolase in the tumor homogenates of the 6-mercaptopurine-treated hosts showed a considerably greater heat lability than that in the tumor homogenates from the control animals. The significance of these results has been discussed.
Magnesium Sulfate for Preterm Neuroprotection—Reply
Authors: Caroline A. Crowther, Janet E. Hiller, Lex W. Doyle, Ross R. Haslam
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract P1-02-11: Role of FDG-PET/CT in prediction of underestimation of invasive breast cancer in cases of ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed at needle biopsy
Authors: Hideo Shigematsu, Takayuki Kadoya, Noriko Yoshimura, Keiko Kajitani, Akiko Emi, Noriko Masumoto, Rumi Haruta, Tsuyoshi Kataoka, Morihito Okada
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) for predicting the underestimation of invasive breast cancer in cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) at needle biopsy. Patients and Methods: Of 83 consecutive cases with diagnoses of DCIS at primary needle biopsy who underwent curative surgery between 2010 and 2013, the association between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) on FDG-PET/CT before excision and the underestimation of invasive breast cancer was examined. Results: There were 29 (34.9%) cases diagnosed to have invasive breast cancer at excision. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed the cutoff value of SUVmax to predict underestimation of invasive breast cancer was 1.6. The rates of underestimation were 61.5% for patients with a tumor of SUVmax &amp;gt; 1.6 and 11.4% for patients with a tumor SUV max ≤ 1.6 (p &amp;lt;0.001). High value of SUVmax was significantly associated with symptomatic presentation (p &amp;lt; 0.001), palpability (p &amp;lt; 0.001), mass formation (p = 0.013), high Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System category (p = 0.011) and core needle biopsy (p = 0.007). In multivariate analysis, high SUVmax was only significant predictive factor of underestimation of invasive breast cancer (HR 11.7, 95% CI 3.70-37.0, p &amp;lt; 0.001). Association between each preoperative variable and underestimation of invasive component in multivariate analysis in cases of DCIS diagnosed at needle biopsyVariables HR (95% CI)P valuePresentationsymptomatic vs. screening detected1.64 (0.43-6.22)0.47Palpableyes vs. no1.54 (0.36-6.69)0.58Lesion size&amp;lt; 2cm vs. ≥ 2cm1.23 (0.34-4.40)0.76Mass formationyes vs. no1.28 (0.36-4.44)0.7BI RADS category5 vs. 3, 42.92 (0.80-10.7)0.11Biopsy devicemammotome biopsy vs. CNB2.16 (0..64-7.30)0.21Nuclear gradehigh vs. not highhigh vs. not high 2.24 (0.51-9.78)0.29SUVmaxhigher vs. lower11.7 (3.70-37.0)&amp;lt; 0.001BI RADS, Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System; DCIS, ductal carcinoma in situ; IBC, invasive breast cancer; SUVmax, maximum standardized uptake value Conclusion: SUVmax on FDG-PET/CT is useful for predicting the underestimation of invasive breast cancer in cases of DCIS at needle biopsy. Citation Format: Hideo Shigematsu, Takayuki Kadoya, Noriko Yoshimura, Keiko Kajitani, Akiko Emi, Noriko Masumoto, Rumi Haruta, Tsuyoshi Kataoka, Morihito Okada. Role of FDG-PET/CT in prediction of underestimation of invasive breast cancer in cases of ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed at needle biopsy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-02-11.
Leicester cough questionnaire and sputum colour chart assessment in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: A cohort analysis
Authors: Pieter Goeminne, Ann Decraene, Eva Moelants, Karolien Grauwen, Paul Proost, Lieven Dupont
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Murray et al. showed that Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) correlates with disease severity. Sputum colour chart (SCC) assessment was associated with bacterial colonization, bronchiectasis severity and FEV1. We investigated these clinical tools in a cohort of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB).   Methods:  63 patients (27male, 59±18 y) with NCFB were recruited. Underlying etiologies of NCFB were analyzed and each patient was evaluated by means of spirometry and LCQ. Exacerbation rate and retrospective sputum culture results were analysed. Sputum was induced with hypertonic saline inhalation, total/differential cell count and SCC of sputum were assessed and IL-8, MCP1, bile acids, NSE and TNF-α were measured.   Results:  Patient sputum purulence prediction correlated significantly with SCC evaluated by the doctor (p   Conclusion:  Patient SCC prediction correlated with doctor SCC evaluation. LCQ, subscores and SCC correlate with lung function, presence of bacteria in all sputa and severity of airway inflammation. We conclude that LCQ and SCC are concise, simple tools and should be used in follow-up of NCFB.