tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Changes in Sleep Position During Infancy
Authors: Samuel M. Lesko, Michael J. Corwin, Richard M. Vezina, Carl E. Hunt, Frederick Mandell, Mary McClain, Timothy Heeren, Allen A. Mitchell
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Prone sleeping by infants has been associated with an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome.Objective.—To document the prevalence of and identify risk factors for prone sleeping during the first 6 months of life.Design.—Prospective cohort study.Setting.—Eastern Massachusetts and northwest Ohio.Study Participants.—A total of 7796 mothers of infants weighing 2500 g or more at birth.Main Outcome Measures.—Maternal and infant characteristics related to prone sleeping at 1 month and 3 months of age.Results.—Between 1 month and 3 months of age, prone sleeping increased from 18% to 29%. At 1 month, prone sleeping was associated with the following maternal characteristics: non-Hispanic black or Hispanic race/ethnicity, younger age, less education, and higher parity. At 3 months, switching from nonprone to prone position was associated with mother's race/ethnicity of non-Hispanic black (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-2.3) or Hispanic (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2); younger maternal age (compared with mothers &gt;34 years: 18-24 years, OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.2; &lt;18 years, OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-4.3); increasing parity (compared with 1 child: 2 children, OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8; ≥3 children, OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.4-2.2); and infant sex (male sex, OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7).Conclusions.—If infant sleeping practices in the study communities are representative of practices throughout the United States, a substantial number of infants who slept nonprone at 1 month sleep prone at 3 months.
Biochemistry and the Central Nervous System
Authors: Vincent P. Calabrese
Journal: JAMA (1986)

It has been 13 years since the release of the fourth edition of this classic text on neurochemistry. During this period, a tremendous amount of new material has been discovered. The fifth edition attempts to bring us up-to-date with a volume almost twice the size of the fourth edition. As in the last edition, this book begins with an overview of neurochemistry and the study of the brain in situ using classic techniques such as cerebral blood flow, glucose, and oxygen utilization. Newer techniques such as positron emission tomography scanning and quantitative autoradiography are only briefly discussed, but not as critically as the more classic techniques. This is unfortunate, since the book is directed toward those people who will be intimately involved with these new techniques. The next set of chapters discusses carbohydrate metabolism, amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids. The first half of the book winds up with nutrition
LOX-1 polymorphism as a susceptibility genetic marker for atherosclerosis
Authors: Ruggiero Mango, Fabrizio Clementi, Gianmarco Contino, Giovanni B. Forleo, Paola Borgiani, Annalisa Botta, Annamaria Nardone, Gaetano Chiricolo, Massimo Marchei, Alessia Romeo, Sabina Guarino, Clarissa Cola, Maria Rosario D'Apice, Massimo Federici, Ibrahim Fahdi, Renato Lauro, Francesco Romeo, Giuseppe Novelli, Jawahar L. Mehta
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Pregnancy, Addiction, and Incarceration—Reply
Authors: Jennifer G. Clarke
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Heart heal thyself: a new direction for cardiac research
Authors: G. Watts
Journal: BMJ (2011)

The British Heart Foundation has launched a new campaign to back research groups looking at ways that encourage the heart to repair itself.

The campaign signals a change in direction in cardiac research. Most of the 50 or so research projects currently running worldwide to find ways of repairing damaged hearts depend on the introduction of an outside source of stem cells.

Launching the campaign, titled “Mending broken hearts,” the foundation’s director, Peter Weissberg, offered two reasons for believing that getting the heart to repair itself is attainable. The first and most obvious …
The Heart Broken Open
Authors: Ronald Pies
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aggressive Nature of a ???Cold??? Lesion Depicted by Positive Flow and Blood Pool Phases of a Bone Scan
Authors: FRANK R. SANTA???CRUZ, H DANIEL FAWCETT
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1984)

One of the explanations of a cold lesion on static bone imaging is the presence of an aggressive, destructive lesion. This is the first reported case of such a lesion with an aggressive nature that was confirmed by abnormal flow and pool images.
The First American Medical School Was in Mexico
Authors: Francisco Guerra
Journal: JAMA (1965)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> The points have been fairly well clarified in a book of mine which summarizes the medical historical events in Latin America during the colonial period,<i>Historiografía de la Medicina Colonial Hispano Americana</i>, Mexico, 1953. The University of San Marcos in Lima, Peru, was founded by Philip II on May 12, 1551. It was thought until quite recently that the University of Mexico had been founded by the same king in September of the same year, 1551. However, M. Careño, in his book<i>La Real y Pontificia Universidad de Mexico, 1536-1865</i>, Mexico, 1961, proves that Philip II issued a proclamation on April 30, 1547, establishing the University of Mexico. On medical teaching there is also a Mexican priority. The university began medical examinations in 1553, and the Chair of Medicine was formally established on Jan 7, 1579. The Chair of Medicine in the University of San Marcos, Lima,
The Deceiving Appearances of Osteoclasts
Authors: Julie Glowacki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

Osteoclasts are multinucleated cells responsible for the resorption of bone matrix. During the development and growth of a human, they ensure proper contouring of the bones and extension of the medullary spaces to provide for hematopoiesis. In the adult skeleton, osteoclasts ensure remodeling of the bone matrix by means of a process of internal turnover. Skeletal homeostasis is achieved by focal osteoclast-mediated degradation of the bone matrix and osteoblast-mediated formation of new bone matrix without compromising the overall architecture and anatomy of bones. Under ideal conditions, the amount of new bone equals the amount resorbed, with no net change in . . .
Immunity by formulation design: Induction of high CD8+ T-cell responses by poly(I:C) incorporated into the CAF01 adjuvant via a double emulsion method
Authors: Pernille Nordly, Fabrice Rose, Dennis Christensen, Hanne Mørck Nielsen, Peter Andersen, Else Marie Agger, Camilla Foged
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Psychiatric Consultation: The Job Corps Experience
Authors: LEE B. MACHT, DONALD J. SCHERL, JOSEPH T. ENGLISH
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1968)

The Job Corps program and the current range of psychiatric consultation practice in this setting are described. A survey of 97 consulting psychiatrists was conducted; the results indicate that the range of utilization of psychiatrists by Job Corps centers extends from the psychiatrist as diagnostician to the psychiatrist as social systems and program consultant. The authors also describe their own experiences in "community-oriented" psychiatric consultation at two Job Corps centers.
Metal mutagenesis in transgenic Chinese hamster cell lines.
Authors: C B Klein, B Kargacin, L Su, S Cosentino, E T Snow, M Costa
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

Metals are toxic agents for which genotoxic effects are often difficult to demonstrate. To study metal mutagenesis, we have used two stable hprt/gpt+ transgenic cell lines that were derived from Chinese hamster V79 cells. Both the G12 and G10 cell lines are known to be very sensitive to clastogens such as X-rays and bleomycin, with the mutagenic response of the integrated xanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (gpt) gene in G10 usually exceeding that of the same gene in the transgenic G12 cells. In studies with carcinogenic insoluble nickel compounds, a high level of mutagenesis was found at the gpt locus of G12 cells but not at the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) locus of V79 cells. We have since demonstrated the similar recovery of a high frequency of viable G12 mutants with other insoluble nickel salts including nickel oxides (black and green). The relative mutant yield for the insoluble nickel compounds (G12 > G10) is the opposite of that obtained with nonmetal clastogens (G10 > G12). In the G12 cells, nickel mutagenesis may be related to the integration of the gpt sequence into a heterochromatic region of the genome. For some of the insoluble nickel compounds, significant inhibition of both cytotoxicity and mutant yield resulted when the G12 cells were pretreated with vitamin E. In comparison with the nickel studies, the mutagenic responses to chromium compounds in these cell lines were not as dramatic. Mutagenesis of the gpt target could not be demonstrated with other metals such as mercury or vanadium.
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE SUMMER DIARRHEAS OF INFANCY.
Authors: J. H. MASON KNOX
Journal: JAMA (1903)

It is with great hesitancy that any attempt is made in this paper to enter a field that has been so thoroughly investigated during recent years as that embraced in the title of "The Summer Diarrheas of Infancy." The zeal with which these intestinal disorders of children have been studied lately is in direct ratio with their neglect by early medical writers. Although, as Dr. Booker<sup>1</sup>has shown, there are occasional references among the ancients to diarrheal troubles in infants in the summer months, there is no clear history of these diseases prior to their appearance among the colonists in this country. As he suggests, the importance of human life in this newly-settled land may have called sharp attention to a malady which was each summer carrying away the children of the settlers in large numbers. The malady, called the "dread of parents and the opprobrium of physicians," was thought
Prescribing for Seniors
Authors: Paula A. Rochon
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Thyroid Disease in the Oldest Old
Authors: David S. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Britain's maternity services come under the microscope
Authors: C Court
Journal: BMJ (1994)

Expectant mothers are to be given a greater say in how they are cared for during pregnancy, according to a report published by the Royal college of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in Britain. The report, The Future of the Maternity Services, is the result of consultations with midwives and general practitioners on topics ranging from home births to medical education.

The president of the college, Professor Geoffrey Chamberlain, said: “I …
Docetaxel As Monotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer in Elderly Patients
Authors: Ashok K. Malani, Rony M. Abou-Jawde, Jaswinder Singh, Sarah A. Taylor
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2007)

combined analysis of overall survival supports the greater efficacy of combination therapy with an HR of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.76 to 0.96; P ϭ .01).This result needs to be viewed in relation to the only two trials that demonstrated a statistically superior survival rate and were thus deemed positive trials.The trial reported by Cunningham et al 6 compared gemcitabine plus capecitabine with gemcitabine alone in 533 patients and observed a significant superiority of the combination treatment (HR ϭ 0.80; P ϭ .026).Moore et al 7 investigated the combination of gemcitabine plus erlotinib in 569 patients and determined a hazard ratio of 0.81 (P ϭ .025)when compared with gemcitabine alone.Taken together, the hazard ratio in favor of platinum-based combination as determined for the single trial by Heinemann et al 1 is quite comparable to the ratio observed in the combined analysis of five trials evaluating gemcitabine/platinum combinations and moreover compares favorably to the only two available trials that were sufficiently powered to demonstrate a statistically superior survival.Clearly, combination chemotherapy may not be beneficial for all patients.In fact, subgroup analyses performed in this and other trials indicate that patients with a good performance status specifically derive the greatest benefit from more intensive treatment approaches, 8 whereas patients with a poor performance status should rather receive single-agent gemcitabine.Progress in the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer is steady but slow.Among nearly 20 randomized trials, only two demonstrated a statistically significant improvement of survival.Based on a realistic and clinically relevant hazard ratio of 0.80, future randomized studies will need to recruit patient numbers in excess of 500.To obtain meaningful answers for more intensive combination therapy, these studies need to focus on more clearly defined patient groups, such as patients with metastatic disease (v locally advanced disease) and a good performance status (v bad performance status).
Knemometric assessment of systemic activity of once daily intranasal dry‐powder budesonide in children
Authors: O. D. Wolthers, S. Pedersen
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Systemic activity of the intranasal glucocorticosteroid budesonide administered once daily from a dry‐powder inhaler (Turbuhaler®) was assessed by knemometry. Lower leg length was measured weekly in 38 children aged 7–15 (mean 11.3) years with allergic or perennial rhinitis. The design was a randomized, double‐blind, parallel‐group study. After 4 weeks’ run‐in, the children were allocated to 4 weeks’ treatment with either budesonide 200 or 400 μg or placebo. Fourteen children in the budesonide 200‐μg group, 13 in the 400‐μg group, and 10 in the placebo group completed the study. In the placebo and budesonide 200‐μg groups, growth velocities during run‐in (0.36 and 0.28 mm/week, respectively) and treatment periods (0.34 and 0.27 mm/week, respectively) were almost identical. In the budesonide 400‐μg group (run‐in: 0.40 mm/week), a nonsignificant reduction in mean growth velocity of 0.18 mm/week was seen ( P = 0.11). There were no statistically significant differences among the run‐in mean lower leg growth velocities (F= 1.12; P = 0.34), among growth velocities during treatment (F= 1.10; P = 0.34), or among the run‐in and treatment growth velocities in the three groups (F= 1.19; P = 0.32). These results provide good evidence that systemic activity is low in children with allergic or perennial rhinitis treated with once daily budesonide in doses of 200‐ and 400‐μg administered intranasally from a dry‐powder inhaler.
Failure to Rescue—Reply
Authors: Amir A. Ghaferi, Andrew A. Gonzalez
Journal: JAMA Surgery (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Surgery HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Surgery journal
The Rights of Doctors, Nurses and Allied Health Professionals: A Health Law Primer
Authors: Walter G. Gunn
Journal: JAMA (1981)

This reviewer customarily approaches titles beginning<i>The Rights of</i>... with reluctance, since rights ordinarily imply corresponding obligations, and the latter are often glossed over in such discussions. The book at issue, however, is not a tract and seems reasonably balanced. It is one of a series on rights of various groups put out as a handbook of the American Civil Liberties Union. It is addressed to persons considered "health care providers" and presents an accurate, if basic, compendium of knowledge useful to them. The thesis appears to be that both providers and patients will be better off if the law regarding provider rights is understood. Most of the material focuses on physicians, usually in the hospital context; but sections devoted to nurses, technicians, and other personnel are very useful and flow from and relate to physician rights and decisions. The authors do not allow their bias—that the health care system's
Assessment of viable myocardium by dobutamine transesophageal echocardiography and comparison with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography
Authors: Frank M. Baer, Eberhard Voth, Hans J. Deutsch, Christian A. Schneider, Harald Schicha, Udo Sechtem
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)
Interferon treatment of chronic active hepatitis B: effect of a six month treatment regimen.
Authors: M Raptopoulou, H Orphanou, H Vrettou, E Akribiadis, L Chadzikonstantinou, G Goulis
Journal: Gut (1993)

In this study of 17 patients with chronic active hepatitis B, the loss of hepatitis B virus DNA, the return to normal of alanine aminotransferase activities, and histological improvement after six months' treatment with 3 million units three times weekly with interferon alfa-2b, was achieved in 40% of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive/anti HBe negative patients, and 41.66% of HBeAg negative/anti HBe positive patients. The reappearance of hepatitis B virus DNA was seen in most patients when treatment was stopped, although a higher percentage of HBeAg positive/anti HBe negative patients (20%) had a sustained loss of hepatitis B virus DNA, return to normal alanine aminotransferase activities, and histological improvement compared with HBeAg negative/anti HBe positive patients (8.3%).