tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic salvage technique for spontaneous dislocation and tumor ingrowth of a partially covered, self-expandable metallic stent after endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy
Authors: Hiroshi Kawakami, Masaki Kuwatani, Kazumichi Kawakubo, Taiki Kudo, Yoko Abe, Kimitoshi Kubo, Naoya Sakamoto
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS-CDS) has been established as an alternative method of biliary drainage after failure of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) [1] [2]. Because of its prolonged stent patency and reduced bile leakage, use of the covered self-expandable metallic stent (CSEMS) has recently been favored. We present a case of spontaneous dislocation of a partially covered SEMS (PCSEMS) after EUS-CDS that was successfully rescued by endoscopic intervention.
Quality of life related to fear of falling and hip fracture in older women: a time trade off study Commentary: Older people's perspectives on life after hip fractures
Authors: G Salkeld
Journal: BMJ (2000)

# Quality of life related to fear of falling and hip fracture in older women: a time trade off study {#article-title-2} Hip fractures are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, and almost all occur after a fall.1 In the next 50 years the number of hip fractures will probably increase greatly.1-3 About 20% of people who fracture their hips are dead within a year,4-6 and many of those who recover from hip fracture require additional assistance in daily living. 4 7 Population data tend to obscure the personal impact of falls and hip fracture. Objective measures of function, such as activities of daily living8 and subjective utility based measures of health related quality of life,9 can express the personal dimension. Hip fracture adversely affects health related quality of life, with greater physical recovery reflected in better quality of life.10 Thus, health related quality of life is an important outcome for studies attempting to reduce the number of falls or their consequences.11 As part of an ongoing randomised trial (the community hip protector trial) that is examining the effectiveness of hip protectors in older women living in the community we sought to estimate the utility (preference for health) associated with falls that cause a fear of falling or hip fracture in older women. Study participants —The community hip protector study is a randomised controlled trial involving women aged 75 years and older who are at high risk of hip fracture and who live in their own homes. Older women living in the northern suburbs of Sydney, Australia, who had contact with an aged care health service and met inclusion criteria were invited to participate in the study. These criteria were age greater than 74 years; two or more falls, or one fall resulting in hospital treatment, in the past year; at least one hip without previous surgery; likely to continue to live in the … Correspondence to: S Ameratunga
Twice-Daily Mixed Regular and NPH Insulin Injections With New Jet Injector Versus Conventional Syringes: Pharmacokinetics of Insulin Absorption
Authors: Jean-Pierre Hallé, Jean Lambert, Istvan Lindmayer, Karim Menassa, Francine Coutu, Albert Moghrabi, Lise Legendre, Claudine Legault, Gaston Lalumière
Journal: Diabetes Care (1986)

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of using a jet injector in a split and mixed regular and NPH insulin regimen and to compare serum glucose and free-insulin profiles obtained with the injector and the conventional syringe and needle. Twelve insulin-dependent diabetic patients were hospitalized for 5 days. After a stabilization day, six patients received their insulin injection with the injector for 2 days and with the syringe and needle for the following 2 days; the regimen was reversed for the other six patients. Diet, exercise, and insulin dosage remained constant. The serum glucose levels with the injector were consistently lower than those obtained with the syringe at all times of the day except at 5:00 a.m. and 7:30 a.m., when mean values were similar for both treatments. Free-insulin levels were higher with the injector from 10:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. These findings suggest that insulin absorption is faster and possibly greater with the injector than with the syringe. When switching from a syringe to an injector insulin program, insulin dose adjustment may be necessary.
Abstract B38: Epigenetic effects of viral proteins on global levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in HBV- and HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in mice
Authors: Yong Jiang, Ting Nie, James Kohler, Leda Bassit, Daniel Goldenberg, Mark Feitelson, Raymond F. Schinazi
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have both distinct and shared pathways to mediate development of virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It has been postulated that viral encoded proteins such as HCV polyprotein or HBV X protein (HBx) induce epigenetic changes that can lead to HCC during chronic infection. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a recently identified cytosine variant and an intermediate in enzyme-catalyzed active DNA demethylation. 5hmC is also considered a stable epigenetic mark during embryo development and tumorigenesis. Herein, we developed a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) based approach to assess global genomic 5hmC levels in tissues using several transgenic (Tg) mouse models to determine epigenetic changes induced by HBV and HCV viral proteins and role in pathogenesis of HCC. A 2-to 3-fold reduction in genomic 5hmC was observed in liver samples from both Mdr2-knockout (Mdr2-KO) mice (a model of chronic inflammation-mediated HCC) and Mdr2-KO/HCV-Tg mice (a model carrying Mdr2-KO and HCV polyprotein). Interestingly, a similar fold reduction in 5hmC was detected in (Mdr2+/-)/HCV-Tg mice, which express HCV polyprotein, but do not develop HCC. In parallel, 5hmC levels were assessed in HBx-Tg mice with high-frequency of HCC. However, reduction of 5hmC was not detectable in liver samples from HBx-Tg mice as late as 14 months of age. These results suggest that HCV polyprotein may accelerate inflammation-associated hepato-carcinogenesis in the Mdr2-KO/HCV-Tg mice. Therefore, we speculate that the HCV proteins may directly induce deconstruction of genomic 5hmC to promote HCC development. In contrast, our results in HBx-Tg mice suggest that HBx may employ a different epigenetic mechanism on 5hmC from that of HCV polyprotein. Notably, a significant change in genomic 5hmC was observed early at the pre-cancerous stages of HCC development in Mdr2-KO mice. This finding implies that, during chronic inflammation, a precipitous drop in 5hmC emerges prior to tumor formation. Therefore, 5hmC may provide an important diagnostic marker for early detection of HCC in persons with HCV chronic infection. Citation Format: Yong Jiang, Ting Nie, James Kohler, Leda Bassit, Daniel Goldenberg, Mark Feitelson, Raymond F. Schinazi. Epigenetic effects of viral proteins on global levels of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in HBV- and HCV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma in mice. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Chromatin and Epigenetics in Cancer; Jun 19-22, 2013; Atlanta, GA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(13 Suppl):Abstract nr B38.
Aspirin effects on lymphocyte cyclic AMP levels in normal human subjects.
Authors: D E Snider, C W Parker
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1976)

In purified lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of healthy human subjects who had ingested therapeutic doses of aspirin, there was a significant decrease in resting cyclic AMP levels as well as a partial inhibition of the rise in cyclic AMP with isoproterenol or prostaglandin E1. These changes were seen as early as 30 min after aspirin ingestion and did not appear to result from aspirin effects on lymphocyte recovery, purity, viability, or relative number of thymus- or bone marrow-derived lymphocytes. In contrast, the direct addition of aspirin to suspensions of purified peripheral lymphocytes did not significantly alter their cyclic AMP levels. However, an effect of aspirin could be obtained in vitro if aspirin was added to unprocessed whole blood during the dextran sedimentation phase of the cell purification. Thus the effect of aspirin on lymphocyte cyclic AMP metabolism, may be indirect, through other cells present in the peripheral blood.
Physician Advertising in 1886: Touting by Telephone
Authors: Holly Hayes
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>To the Editor. —</h3> This letter is prompted by the proliferation of cellular telephone antennas seen around hospitals in all major cities. The odds are that this instrument, with continuing modifications, will become a standard tool of the trade for physicians. As we enter this new era in communication it might be of interest to readers to recall an event in the development of the telephone relating to medicine. Ten years after Alexander Graham Bell's first telephone call in 1876,<sup>1</sup>a brief note in<i>The Lancet</i>in 1886 records what I believe to be the first instance of one physician complaining about telephone advertising on the part of another physician<sup>2</sup>: I was surprised to see in the chemist's shop in a first-class watering-place on the south coast a large placard, stating: "Dr A can be communicated with from here by telephone." There was another doctor in practice nearly
MATURATION OF THE HUMORAL IMMUNE RESPONSE IN MICE
Authors: Patricia G. Spear, Gerald M. Edelman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1974)

In spite of the prenatal appearance of immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes and θ-positive lymphocytes in the spleens of Swiss-L mice, these mice are not able to produce detectable levels of humoral antibodies in response to antigen until after 1 wk of age. Adult levels of response are not achieved until 4–8 wk of age. In the presence of bacterial lipopolysaccharides, which can substitute for or enhance T-cell function, the B cells from young Swiss-L mice were found to be indistinguishable in function from adult B cells, both with respect to the numbers of plaque-forming cells (PFC) produced in vitro in response to antigen and with respect to the kinetics of PFC induction. The spleen cells from young Swiss-L mice are significantly less sensitive than adult spleen cells, however, to stimulation by the T cell mitogens, concanavalin A (Con A) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). Very few Con A-responsive cells could be detected at birth but the numbers increased sharply with age until 3 wk after birth. On the other hand, PHA-responsive cells could not be detected in the spleen until about 3 wk of age. The latter cells were found to respond also to Con A, but at a lower dose (1 µg/ml) than that required for the bulk of the Con A-responsive cells (3 µg/ml). The cells that respond both to PHA and to Con A appear in the spleen at about the time that Swiss-L mice acquire the ability to produce humoral antibodies, and these cells can be depleted from the spleen by the in vivo administration of antithymocyte serum. The development of humoral immune responses in these mice therefore appears to be correlated with the appearance of recirculating T lymphocytes that are responsive both to PHA and to Con A.
Tense Bullae on the Palms and Soles
Authors: Oluwatobi A. Ogbechie, A. Brooke Eastham, Ruth Ann Vleugels
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2014)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Antagonistic interaction between Wnt and Notch activity modulates the regenerative capacity of a zebrafish fibrotic liver model
Authors: Mianbo Huang, Angela Chang, Minna Choi, David Zhou, Frank A. Anania, Chong Hyun Shin
Journal: Hepatology (2014)

In chronic liver failure patients with sustained fibrosis, excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins substantially dampens the regenerative capacity of the hepatocytes, resulting in poor prognosis and high mortality. Currently, the mechanisms and the strategies of inducing endogenous cellular sources such as hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs) to regenerate hepatocytes in various contexts of fibrogenic stimuli remain elusive. Here we aim to understand the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the effects of sustained fibrosis on hepatocyte regeneration using the zebrafish as a model. In the ethanol-induced fibrotic zebrafish model, we identified a subset of HPCs, responsive to Notch signaling, that retains its capacity to regenerate as hepatocytes. Discrete levels of Notch signaling modulate distinct cellular outcomes of these Notch-responsive HPCs in hepatocyte regeneration. Lower levels of Notch signaling promote amplification and subsequent differentiation of these cells into hepatocytes, while high levels of Notch signaling suppress these processes. To identify small molecules facilitating hepatocyte regeneration in the fibrotic liver, we performed chemical screens and identified a number of Wnt agonists and Notch antagonists. Further analyses demonstrated that these Wnt agonists are capable of attenuating Notch signaling by inducing Numb, a membrane-associated protein that inhibits Notch signaling. This suggests that the antagonistic interplay between Wnt and Notch signaling crucially affects hepatocyte regeneration in the fibrotic liver. Conclusion : Our findings not only elucidate how signaling pathways and cell-cell communications direct the cellular response of HPCs to fibrogenic stimuli, but also identify novel potential therapeutic strategies for chronic liver disease. (Hepatology 2014;60:1753–1766)
Risk Factor Modification after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: David Siegel
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1988)

Modification of risk factors in patients who have had myocardial infarctions has received little attention in the literature. Yet, major modifiable risk factors for recurrent coronary heart disease, including hypertension, smoking, increased serum cholesterol levels, sedentary lifestyle, and obesity are the same risk factors for its development. Although coronary atherosclerosis is already established in patients who have had a myocardial infarction, evidence suggests that important reductions in recurrent coronary heart disease and death can be achieved through secondary prevention programs that modify risk factors. The high risk for recurrence and mortality in patients who survive a heart attack means that substantial reductions in the rates of these events can be achieved with relatively small reductions in risk factors. Patients who have had a myocardial infarction are also active participants in health care and are likely to be highly motivated to modify their risks for cardiac disease.
The Scintigraphic Appearance of Subcapsular Parathyroid Adenomas
Authors: Jonathan Kraas, Paige B. Clark, Nancy D. Perrier, Kathryn A. Morton
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2005)

Purpose: Approximately 5 to 10% of parathyroid adenomas are located within the thin, fibrous capsule of the thyroid gland. These subcapsular adenomas can complicate minimally invasive parathyroidectomy. The small incision used in this procedure limits the view of the surgical bed. Palpation is less sensitive when the adenoma is covered by the thyroid capsule. If a subcapsular parathyroid adenoma can be identified on preoperative parathyroid scintigraphy, nuclear medicine physicians can recommend exploration of the thyroid capsule early, leading to an easier, more efficient operation. The objective of this observational study was to identify the scintigraphic appearance of subcapsular parathyroid adenomas. Materials and Methods: A total of 109 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism underwent preoperative dual-phase Tc-99m sestamibi parathyroid scintigraphy at our tertiary care center from October 2002 to March 2004. Tc-99m pertechnetate was used as a supplemental technique when deemed necessary for optimal interpretation. Retrospective chart review identified 16 surgically proved subcapsular parathyroid adenomas. Parathyroid scintigraphy was reviewed. Results: Subcapsular parathyroid adenomas tend to conform to the expected shape of the thyroid gland. In this small series, subcapsular parathyroid adenomas followed 1 of 3 patterns on lateral images: (1) focal convex distortion of the posterior wall of the thyroid, (2) polar lentiform configuration, and (3) compression of the posterior thyroid parenchyma. Conclusion: Subcapsular parathyroid adenomas often have a distinct appearance on scintigraphy. Preoperative identification of this type of parathyroid adenoma can direct a subcapsular surgical approach, optimizing the efficiency of the minimally invasive parathyroidectomy.
QUALITY OF CARE AND OUTCOMES IN 5,339 PATIENTS AGED 80 OR ABOVE PRESENTING WITH ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ANALYSIS FROM AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION GET WITH THE GUIDELINES: CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Hector Medina, Christopher C. Cannon, Gregg C. Fonarow, Frank W. Peacock, Warren K. Laskey, Maria V. Grau-Sepulveda, Adrian F. Fernandez, Eric D. Peterson, Lee H. Schwamm, Deepak L. Bhatt
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Uncomfortable prescribing decisions: a critical incident study.
Authors: C. P. Bradley
Journal: BMJ (1992)

OBJECTIVE--To explore the discomfort experienced by general practitioners in relation to decisions about whether or not to prescribe. DESIGN--Focused interviews of general practitioners about prescribing decisions that made them uncomfortable. Analysis based on the critical incident technique. SETTING--One family practitioner committee area in the north of England. RESPONDENTS--69 principals and five trainee general practitioners. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Drugs and clinical problems associated with prescribing discomfort. Reasons given by doctors for making the prescribing decisions they did and reasons for feeling uncomfortable. RESULTS--Antibiotics, tranquillisers, hypnotics, and symptomatic remedies were most often associated with discomfort, but any prescribable item could be associated with discomfort. Respiratory diseases, musculoskeletal problems, and anxiety were most often associated with discomfort, but again any condition could be associated. The main reasons given for the decisions made were patient expectation, clinical appropriateness, factors related to the doctor-patient relationship, and precedents. The main reasons given for feeling uncomfortable were concern about drug toxicity, failure to live up to the general practitioner9s own expectations, concern about the appropriateness of treatment, and ignorance or uncertainty. CONCLUSIONS--Many considerations, including medical, social, and logistic ones, influence the decision to prescribe in general practice. The final action taken depends on a complex interaction of these disparate influences.
Scottish judges say court can decide in PVS cases
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (1996)

Five senior judges ruled last week in Scotland's first right to die case that a single judge in the Court of Session can sanction the withdrawal of artificial feeding from a patient in the persistent vegetative state. The case of Janet Johnstone, who is 53 years old and has been in a persistent vegetative state since 1992 after an overdose of prescribed medicines, will now go back to Lord Cameron, who referred the case to the more senior judges because of its …
Insulin Resistance Developing in Children with IDDM
Authors: Leona Cuttler, Robert M Ehrlich
Journal: Diabetes Care (1982)

In a review of the 1000 children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) followed at The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, between 1970 and 1980, insulin resistance (IR) was noted in 3 after initial sensitivity to exogenous insulin. One was an otherwise typical patient with IDDM. One had cystic fibrosis and is the first such patient with IR to be reported. These two had high insulin antibody titers and responded dramatically to sulfated insulin. The third patient had hyperthyroidism. Although she also had a high anti-insulin antibody titer, IR was controlled only when she was given propylthiouracil. She is the first reported child with IR and hyperthyroidism. The literature on IR in children with IDDM is reviewed. With our 3 patients included, a total of 29 children have been reported. Their meanage is 12.9 yr, 72% are female, and 41% had associated illnesses. Insulin antibodies were elevated in 71% of those in whom measurement was attempted. Of those whose outcome is reported, 67% improved, 21% continued to have IR, and 12% died.
North Dakota passes restrictive abortion laws that may reach the Supreme Court
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2013)

The North Dakota state legislature has passed three bills limiting abortions, which are the most restrictive abortion laws in the United States. One of them bans abortion from the moment that a heartbeat can be detected. Governor Jack Dalrymple signed them, almost certainly setting off lawsuits that will end up in the Supreme Court.

The legislature also approved a “personhood” amendment to the state constitution that will appear on ballots next year. It says, “The inalienable right to life of every human being at any stage of development must be recognized and protected.”

Personhood amendments have been put to voters in previous elections in several states and rejected. They are based on the idea that life begins at conception, defined as the union of sperm and egg. That would outlaw all abortions. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists says pregnancy begins when a fertilized …
THE EFFECT OF ALCOHOL ON THE REPRODUCTIVE TISSUES
Authors: Ada Hart Arlitt, H. Gideon Wells
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1917)

Administration of alcohol in the food of male white rats for 2 or more months, in daily quantities of 0.25 to 2.25 cc., results almost constantly in the appearance of marked degenerative alterations in the testicles. These changes affect the steps of spermatogenesis in inverse order to their occurrence, so that for some time before sterility and complete aspermia result, the animal is producing spermatozoa with all possible degrees of abnormality and deficiency. The possible relation of this abnormal spermatogenesis to the production of defective offspring is obvious. Individual rats show marked differences in the degree of change produced by equal amounts of alcohol. The fibrous, interstitial, and vascular elements of the testicle are not affected, except for intertubular edema compensating for tubular atrophy. These experimental observations harmonize with the necropsy findings in human alcoholics. No other tissue was found to be noticeably affected by the alcohol; especially to be remarked is the absence of cirrhosis or fatty infiltration in the liver.