tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Hepatic Coma Successfully Treated by Extracorporeal Baboon Liver Perfusions
Authors: G. M. Abouna, L. McA. Fisher, W. J. Still, D. M. Hume
Journal: BMJ (1972)

Two patients in deep hepatic coma due to fulminant viral hepatitis were treated by extracorporeal baboon liver perfusion after failing to respond to medical treatment and three consecutive exchange transfusions. Both patients recovered full consciousness after one liver perfusion, made a complete recovery, and were leading normal lives seven and eight months after treatment. Perfusions were maintained for 13½ and 16½ hours without complication, and neither clinical immunological reactions nor antibaboon serum antibodies developed as a result of treatment. Whereas normal consciousness could be restored only by liver perfusion, both exchange transfusion and liver perfusion were effective in clearing bilirubin and in raising the level of clotting factors. Extracorporeal baboon liver perfusion provides a safe and effective method for the treatment of acute hepatic coma.
Detection of thoracic aortic plaque (AP) by multiplane transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) can predict coronary artery disease (CAD) in valvular heart disease (VHD). A large prospective study
Authors: Christophe Tribouilloy, Marcel Peltier, Wel Feng Shen, Jean-Luc Rey, Jean-Philippe Lesbre
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1996)
Metered dose inhalers. Link with excess deaths unproved.
Authors: M Levy
Journal: BMJ (1993)

EDrrOR,-Some of the issues raised by Bonneux and Barendregt have already been addressed in the discussion section of our paper.There is a fundamental misapprehension contained in Bonneux and Barendregt's second paragraph.Their argument is valid only if this department is assumed to have been responsible for all the cases of gastric cancer from a defined population.
CHRYSOPHANIC ACID KERATO-CONJUNCTIVITIS.
Authors: CHARLES J. KIPP
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The fact that chrysophanic acid or chrysarobin, when applied in the form of a salve to any part of the face and even to other parts of the body, will give rise in some individuals to a conjunctivitis of greater or less severity is known to dermatologists and is mentioned in many text-books on diseases of the skin. Recently this drug seems to have come into favor again, at least I have been told by apothecaries that it is prescribed more frequently now than for several years past, and this is one reason which has induced me to put the following case on record: <h3>Patient.</h3> —N. C. L., aged 63, in good health, of temperate habits, a clerk by occupation, came to me on May 5, 1906. <h3>Examination.</h3> —He was led into my office with a bandage over his eyes, and his companion told me that he was blind. I
Pathogenesis of osteoarthrosis.
Authors: H A Bird
Journal: BMJ (1977)

3) Dr Woodcock's point about the effect of the failure rate had been considered.In any experimentation on human subjects missing data from subject loss tend to occur; there is no way of completely overcoming this problem, either clinically or statistically.We believe our analysis provided the most reasoned assessment of the data by (1) analysing between group failure rates and (2) analysing the exist- ing data while explicitly acknowledging the possible effects of missing data.Furthermore, both sets of data are presented and both show small positive effects for antimicrobials, so there is little chance of the reader beirng misled.
Quantitative Synthesis in Systematic Reviews
Authors: Joseph Lau
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

The final common pathway for most systematic reviews is a statistical summary of the data, or meta-analysis. The complex methods used in meta-analyses should always be complemented by clinical acumen and common sense in designing the protocol of a systematic review, deciding which data can be combined, and determining whether data should be combined. Both continuous and binary data can be pooled. Most meta-analyses summarize data from randomized trials, but other applications, such as the evaluation of diagnostic test performance and observational studies, have also been developed. The statistical methods of meta-analysis aim at evaluating the diversity (heterogeneity) among the results of different studies, exploring and explaining observed heterogeneity, and estimating a common pooled effect with increased precision. Fixed-effects models assume that an intervention has a single true effect, whereas random-effects models assume that an effect may vary across studies. Meta-regression analyses, by using each study rather than each patient as a unit of observation, can help to evaluate the effect of individual variables on the magnitude of an observed effect and thus may sometimes explain why study results differ. It is also important to assess the robustness of conclusions through sensitivity analyses and a formal evaluation of potential sources of bias, including publication bias and the effect of the quality of the studies on the observed effect.
P331 HUMAN HEPATIC HepaRG CELLS MAINTAIN HIGH INTRINSIC CYP450 ACTIVITY/METABOLISM AND SIGNIFICANTLY OUTPERFORM STANDARD HepG2/C3A CELLS USED IN DRUG PHARMACOLOGY APPLICATIONS
Authors: L.J. Nelson, P. Treskes, C.J. Henderson, N. Homer, K. Morgan, C. LeBled, M.H. Grant, J.N. Plevris
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2014)
Treatment with amlodipine and atorvastatin has additive effect on blood and plaque inflammation in hypertensive patients with carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: José L. Martín-Ventura, Begoña Muñoz-Garcia, Luis M. Blanco-Colio, Antonio Martín-Conejero, Julio Madrigal-Matute, Melina Vega, Luis Ortega, Javier Serrano, Jesús Egido
Journal: Kidney International (2008)
Transcutaneous oxygen tension and capillary morphologic characteristics and density in patients with chronic venous incompetence.
Authors: U K Franzeck, A Bollinger, R Huch, A Huch
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The transparent oxygen electrode, recently developed by Huch and his co-workers, permits monitoring of transcutaneous oxygen tension (tcPO2) at defined sites on the capillaroscopic image obtained by videomicroscopy. This combined system has been applied to study the nutritional skin capillaries of patients with chronic venous incompetence (CVI). The results of 44 studies in 17 patients with CVI demonstrated a direct correlation between tcPO2 and density and morphologic characteristics of the superficial capillaries. The mean tcPO2 was 47.7 +/- 14.4 mm Hg at the site of incompetent perforating veins of the ankle without major trophic changes. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean values obtained in patients and control subjects (56.8 +/- 9.9 mm Hg). Videomicroscopic examination revealed dilated and tortuous capillaries surrounded by halo formations. In areas of hyperpigmentation, induration, and hyperkeratosis, significantly decreased mean tcPO2 (22.5 +/- 7.0 mm Hg; p less than .001) corresponded to reduced capillary density (less than 10 capillaries/mm2). In avascular skin areas (scar tissue, white atrophy) tcPO2 was measured at 0 mm Hg. No capillaries, or a greatly reduced number, were visible at such sites, resulting in a distance between capillary and cathode tip of the oxygen sensor of greater than 100 micron. The combined system of tcPO2 measurement and simultaneous videomicroscopy gives new pathophysiologic information on the development of skin ulcers and may be useful for the objective comparison of different therapeutic modalities at the microcirculatory level.
Gamma-interferon restores listericidal activity and concurrently enhances release of reactive oxygen metabolites in dexamethasone-treated human monocytes.
Authors: A Schaffner, P Rellstab
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1988)

By preventing macrophages from destroying phagocytized microorganisms, glucocorticoids lower natural resistance of the host against many pathogens. gamma-Interferon has an opposite effect and restores activity of dexamethasone-treated mononuclear phagocytes against some but not all microorganisms. In the present studies we show that dexamethasone impairs activity of human blood monocytes kept in culture for 36 h against Listeria monocytogenes, without impairing H2O2 or O2- secretion. Likewise dexamethasone does not interfere with activation of systems generating oxygen metabolites by lymphokines. Thus gamma-interferon increases three- to fivefold the capacity of dexamethasone-treated monocytes to secrete O2- or H2O2 upon stimulation by opsonized zymosan, live bacteria, or phorbol myristate acetate. Concurrently gamma-interferon restores listericidal activity of dexamethasone-treated monocytes. After gradual activation by exposure to gamma-interferon for progressive time periods, listericidal activity becomes tightly correlated (r = 0.922-0.994) with the amount of H2O2 or O2- secreted by dexamethasone-treated monocytes. Activation of oxidative systems by the lymphokine is, however, not correlated with the restoration of activity against Aspergillus spores, lost during dexamethasone treatment, which does not depend on antimicrobial oxygen metabolites. Taken together, these observations lend to the hypothesis that glucocorticoids impair nonoxidative defense mechanisms of "resting" macrophages, while gamma-interferon restores macrophage function impaired by glucocorticoids by activating alternate killing systems, which are at least partly of oxidative nature.
Monosomy 7 with severe myelodysplasia developing during imatinib treatment of Philadelphia‐positive chronic myeloid leukemia: Two cases with a different outcome
Authors: José‐Tomás Navarro, Evarist Feliu, Javier Grau, Blanca Espinet, Dolors Colomer, Josep‐Maria Ribera, Albert Oriol, Isabel Granada, Jordi Juncà, Fuensanta Millá
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2007)

Chromosomal abnormalities in Ph-negative metaphases from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with imatinib have been described in some cases. Trisomy 8 is the most frequent, but monosomy 7 has also been described. However, the association of these chromosomal alterations with myelodysplasia has been scarcely reported. We report the appearance of monosomy 7 in Ph-negative cells, associated with severe dysplasia, in two patients with CML treated with imatinib, with a different outcome: one with a transient evolution and the other evolving to acute myeloid leukemia.
Reduction of Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity by Prolonged Continuous Intravenous Infusion
Authors: Sewa S. Legha, Robert S. Benjamin, Bruce Mackay, Michael Ewer, Sidney Wallace, Manuel Valdivieso, Shelley L. Rasmussen, George R. Blumenschein, Emil J. Freireich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1982)

Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) was administered by continuous infusion to reduce peak plasma levels and thus lessen cardiac toxicity. Cardiotoxicity was monitored by noninvasive methods, and endomyocardial biopsy specimens were studied by electron microscopy. Cardiotoxicity was compared in 21 patients receiving doxorubicin intravenously over 48 or 96 hours and in 30 control patients treated by standard intravenous injection. Both groups were studied prospectively and were well matched by risk factors for doxorubicin cardiotoxicity. The median cumulative dose for those receiving continuous infusion was 600 mg/m2 body surface area (range, 360 to 1500 mg/m2) compared with 465 mg/m2 (range, 290 to 680 mg/m2) in the control group (p = 0.002). Fourteen of the 30 patients in the control group showed severe morphologic changes in the biopsy specimens, precluding further doxorubicin administration, as compared with two of 21 patients receiving the drug by continuous infusion (p < 0.02). The mean pathologic score for the infusion group, 0.9, was lower than the mean for the control group, 1.6 (p = 0.004). Antitumor activity was not compromised. Decreasing peak plasma levels of doxorubicin by continuous infusion reduces cardiotoxicity.
Perineural Recurrence of Buccal Cancer Demonstrated by F-18 FDG PET/CT
Authors: Shu-Hsin Liu, Pan-Fu Kao, Cheng-Hui Chiu, Dai-Wei Liu, Hung-Jen Hsieh, Peir-Rong Chen
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2010)

A 62-year-old man with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the right retromolar trigone, pT4bN0M0, had surgery and postoperative concurrent chemoradiation therapy for 4 months. Right otalgia developed and facial magnetic resonance imaging revealed lesions which corresponded to postirradiation inflammation. F-18 FDG PET/CT showed recurrent lesions in the right buccal region and along the route of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve. This report indicates that F-18 FDG PET/CT could detect occult perineural tumor spread before identification on MRI especially in postoperative and postirradiation patients and effect intensity-modulated radiation therapy planning.
Specific atrial overexpression of G protein coupled human 1 adrenoceptors in transgenic mice
Authors: B. Bertin, P. Mansier, I. Makeh, P. Briand, W. Rostene, B. Swynghedauw, A D. Strosberg
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1993)

Objective: The aim was to develop a transgenic mouse model of atrial β1 adrenoceptor overexpression in order to create atrial alteration of the receptor transduction system. Methods: Transgenic founders were generated after microinjection of the transgene construct into the pronucleus of fertilised mouse eggs. Heterozygous progeny were screened for RNA expression of the human β1 adrenoceptor gene under the control of a 0.56 kb proximal promoter of the human atrial natriuretic factor. One line, out of the three obtained, was selected and further characterised for overexpression of the human β1 adrenoceptor. Polymerase chain reaction was employed to detect β1 adrenoceptor mRNA, and 125I-cyanopindolol (ICYP) binding assays were used to quantify receptors in heart membranes. A quantitative autoradiographic ICYP binding technique was also used to visualise atrial and ventricular β adrenoceptors in heart sections. Results: The human β1 adrenoceptor was overexpressed specifically in the atria of transgenic mice. The level of the β1 adrenoceptor was 5-10-fold higher in transgenic mice compared to basal murine β1 adrenoceptors in non-transgenic control mice. Left and right atrial receptor overexpression was confirmed by in vitro autoradiography. The human receptors were able to couple to the murine stimulatory G proteins (Gs), as shown by high affinity binding site dosage using the β adrenoceptor agonist isoprenaline. Isoprenaline displacement studies allowed the determination of two different affinity sites, one of high affinity (KH = 5.8 nM), and one of low affinity (KL = 520 nM). When expressed in terms of protein density (fmol·mg−1), atrial transgenic β1 adrenoceptors displayed a threefold increase in high affinity sites (KH) as compared to control mice. Preliminary electrocardiographic data showed supraventricular premature beats in 6/14 transgenic mice v 2/16 control mice. Conclusions: These transgenic mice may provide a useful pharmacological tool to investigate the pathophysiological consequences of the overactivation of atrial β1 adrenoceptor-adenylyl cyclase signalling system. Cardiovascular Research 1993;27:1606-1612
Serum Neuritis from Tetanus Antitoxin
Authors: H. William Bardenwerper
Journal: JAMA (1962)

Serious neurological complications may result from the administration of tetanus antitoxin. The clinical features of serum neuritis deserve greater emphasis if prompt therapy, which is thought to improve the prognosis, is to be regularly instituted. The sadly lagging campaign for universal active tetanus immunization needs impetus. The increasing frequency and possible severity of reactions to tetanus antitoxin, including serum sickness, serum neuritis, or death, its decreasing efficiency when used on subsequent occasions, and the relative complexity of its proper use, make its disadvantages evident. The impressive efficiency and comparative safety of tetanus toxoid urgently recommend a stepped-up campaign for active tetanus immunization with recall injections at proper intervals. An extensive review of the literature and an accompanying case report support these claims.
IN VIVO COMPARISON OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CULPRIT LESIONS BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH ST ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AND NON ST ELEVATION ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME. AN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY STUDY.
Authors: Maria Riga, Konstantinos Toutouzas, Antonis Karanasos, Maria Drakopoulou, John Karampelas, Eleftherios Tsiamis, Archontoula Michelongona, Costas Tsioufis, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Metabolic Imaging in Microregions of Tumors and Normal Tissues With Bioluminescence and Photon Counting
Authors: W. Mueller-klieser, S. Walenta, W. Paschen, F. Kallinowski, P. Vaupel
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

A method has been developed for metabolic imaging on a microscopic level in tumors, tumor spheroids, and normal tissues. The technique makes it possible to determine the spatial distribution of glucose, lactate, and ATP in absolute terms at similar locations within tissues or cell aggregates. The substrate distributions are registered in serial cryostat sections from tissue cryobiopsies or from frozen spheroids with the use of bioluminescence reactions. The light emission is measured directly by a special imaging photon counting system enabling on-line image analysis. The technique has been applied to human breast cancer xenografts, to spheroids originating from a human colon adenocarcinoma, and to skeletal rat muscle. Preliminary data obtained indicate that heterogeneities in the substrate distributions measured are much more pronounced in tumors than in normal tissue. There was no obvious correlation among the three quantities measured at similar locations within the tissues. The distribution of ATP corresponded well with the histological structure of larger spheroids; values were low in the necrotic center and high in the viable rim of these cell aggregates.
Pneumococcal Meningitis Associated With Retroperitoneal Abscess
Authors: Jerome F. Levine
Journal: JAMA (1982)

THE ASSOCIATION of bacterial meningitis with a retroperitoneal abscess is uncommon. There have been only four cases in the literature of meningitis caused by dissemination of a psoas abscess.<sup>1,2</sup>Recently, we observed a patient with pneumococcal meningitis in whom a pneumococcal psoas abscess subsequently developed as an iatrogenic complication of a lumbar puncture. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 50-year-old man was admitted to the New York (Manhattan) Veterans Administration Medical Center for evaluation of fever, confusion, and lower back pain. The patient had been in good health until two weeks before admission, when he noted the onset of lower back pain without fever, abdominal pain, leg weakness, or incontinence of bowel or bladder. During the week before hospitalization, the patient visited two outpatient medical clinics for evaluation. He claimed that spinal roentgenograms were obtained and interpreted as normal. Bed rest and analgesics were prescribed both times. Two days before
Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy
Authors: Srinivas Iyengar, William T. Abraham
Journal: Circulation (2005)

eart failure is a condition in which the heart muscle cannot function properly.It can result from the heart muscle becoming stiff over time or from a gradual weakening that results in a decreased ability to pump blood to the body.The weakening of the heart muscle, called systolic heart failure, is most commonly a result of processes such as heart attacks, heart valve abnormalities, uncontrolled hypertension, and viral illnesses, although a number of other conditions can cause the heart to weaken as well.
Evaluation of a stroke family care worker: results of a randomised controlled trial
Authors: M. Dennis, S. O'Rourke, J. Slattery, T. Staniforth, C. Warlow
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To examine the effect of contact with a stroke family care worker on the physical, social, and psychological status of stroke patients and their carers. <b>Design:</b> Randomised controlled trial with broad entry criteria and blinded outcome assessment six months after randomisation. <b>Setting:</b> A well organised stroke service in an Edinburgh teaching hospital <b>Subjects:</b> 417 patients with an acute stroke in the previous 30 days randomly allocated to be contacted by a stroke family care worker (210) or to receive standard care (207). The patients represented 67% of all stroke patients assessed at the hospital during the study period. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Patient completed Barthel index, Frenchay activities index, general health questionnaire, hospital anxiety and depression scale, social adjustment scale, mental adjustment to stroke scale, and patient satisfaction questionnaire; carer completed Frenchay activities index, general health questionnaire, hospital anxiety and depression scale, social adjustment scale, caregiving hassles scale, and carer satisfaction questionnaire. <b>Results:</b> The groups were balanced for all important baseline variables. There were no significant differences in physical outcomes in patients or carers, though patients in the treatment group were possibly more helpless, less well adjusted socially, and more depressed, whereas carers in the treatment group were possibly less hassled and anxious. However, both patients and carers in the group contacted by the stroke family care worker expressed significantly greater satisfaction with certain aspects of their care, in particular those related to communication and support. <b>Conclusions:</b> The introduction of a stroke family care worker improved patients9 and their carers9 satisfaction with services and may have had some effect on psychological and social outcomes but did not improve measures of patients9 physical wellbeing. <h3>Key messages</h3> A stroke family care worker in the context of a well organised hospital based stroke service has no definite beneficial effect on the physical, social, or psychological outcome of patients or their carers A stroke family care worker may reduce carers9 hassles and anxiety but render patients more helpless, less well socially adjusted, and more depressed A stroke family care worker may improve patients9 and their carers9 satisfaction with those aspects of stroke services relating to communication and support Purchasers of health care need to decide the value they and their patients place on satisfaction with health care
Must We Always Offer the Option of CPR? The Law in New York
Authors: Fred Rosner
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> New York State law<sup>1</sup>requires that the issues of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and do not resuscitate (DNR) orders be discussed in advance with all hospitalized patients and/or their surrogates to ensure that the patient's wishes are honored. In the absence of a specific written DNR order, which must be renewed every three days, all patients with cardiopulmonary arrest must be resuscitated even if they have metastatic cancer or another irreversible terminal condition in which CPR is of no benefit. The provisions of the law are multiple, complex, and cumbersome and cannot take into account all possible clinical scenarios. The new law may, in fact, adversely affect more patient situations than necessary and force more resuscitations than ever before. The legislation, although well intended, fails in its objectives in several important ways. Discussions of death and CPR and DNR orders with a dying patient followed by a
Th1 Cells Regulate Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Homeostasis by Production of Oncostatin M
Authors: Hal E Broxmeyer, Heather A Bruns, Shangming Zhang, Scott Cooper, Giao Hangoc, Andrew N.J McKenzie, Alexander L Dent, Ulrike Schindler, Lisa K Naeger, Timothy Hoey, Mark H Kaplan
Journal: Immunity (2002)