tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The return of the repressed
Authors: Matthew Hugh Erdelyi
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2006)

Repression continues to be controversial. One insight crystallized by the commentaries is that there is a serious semantic problem, partly resulting from a long silence in psychology on repression. In this response, narrow views (e.g., that repression needs always be unconscious, must yield total amnesia) are challenged. Broader conceptions of repression, both biological and social, are considered, with a special stress on repression of meanings ( denial ). Several issues – generilizability, falsifiability, personality factors, the interaction of repression with cognitive channel (e.g., recall vs. dreams), and false-memory as repression – are discussed.
Expiratory Flow Limitation in Stable Asthmatic Patients During Resting Breathing
Authors: JORGE BOCZKOWSKI, DANIÈLE MURCIANO, MARIE-HÉLÈNE PICHOT, ANNA FERRETTI, RENÉ PARIENTE, JOSEPH MILIC-EMILI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

Application of negative pressure at the mouth during tidal expiration (NEP) provides a simple, rapid, noninvasive method for detecting expiratory flow limitation during spontaneous breathing. Patients in whom NEP elicits an increase in flow throughout expiration are not flow-limited (FL). In contrast, patients in whom application of NEP does not elicit an increase in flow during most or part of tidal expiration are considered FL. We have used the NEP technique to assess the prevalence of expiratory flow limitation during resting breathing in stable asthmatic patients in both the seated and supine positions. In patients in the sitting position, we have also assessed flow limitation with the conventional method, based on comparison of tidal and maximal expiratory flow–volume (MEFV) curves. We studied 13 patients (FEV1 range: 48 to 94% predicted) with both the NEP and conventional techniques. According to the NEP technique, none of the patients was FL in the seated and only two were FL in the supine position. By contrast, on the basis of the conventional method, six of the patients would have been classified as FL in the sitting position. We conclude that: (1) most stable asthmatic patients do not exhibit tidal expiratory flow limitation during resting breathing; and (2) the conventional method for assessing flow limitation may lead to erroneous conclusions.
The Effect of a Primary Care Practice–Based Depression Intervention on Mortality in Older Adults
Authors: Joseph J. Gallo, Hillary R. Bogner, Knashawn H. Morales, Edward P. Post, Julia Y. Lin, Martha L. Bruce
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2007)

Background: Few studies have tested the effects of a depression intervention on the risk for death associated with depression. Objective: To test whether an intervention to improve depression care can modify the risk for death. Design: Practice-based, randomized, controlled trial. Setting: 20 primary care practices in New York, New York, and Philadelphia and Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Patients: 1226 randomly sampled patients identified through a 2-stage, age-stratified (60 to 74 years and ≥75 years) depression screening. Intervention: Depression care manager working with primary care physicians to provide algorithm-based care. Measurements: Depression status based on clinical interview and vital status at 5 years by using the National Death Index. Results: At baseline, 396 patients met criteria for major depression and 203 patients met criteria for clinically significant minor depression. After a median follow-up of 52.8 months, 223 patients died. Patients with depression in intervention practices were less likely to have died than those in usual care practices (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.44 to 1.00]). Risk for death was reduced in patients with major depression (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.55 [CI, 0.36 to 0.84]) but not in patients with clinically significant minor depression (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.97 [CI, 0.49 to 1.92]). The benefit seemed to be almost entirely attributable to a reduction in deaths due to cancer. Limitations: The mechanism for an effect on deaths due to cancer is unclear. Depression status, cause of death, and vital status might have been misclassified. Conclusions: Older primary care patients with major depression in practices that implemented depression care management were less likely to die over a 5-year period than were patients with major depression in usual care practices. The effect seemed to be limited to deaths due to cancer. The mechanism for such an effect is unclear and warrants further investigation. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00000367.
Angry back syndrome': a non-reproducible phenomenon
Authors: A.A. MEMON, P.S. FRIEDMANN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1996)

The term 'jingry back syndrome' (ABS) was coined by Mitchell in 197S. It was.stated that a strong positive patch test reaclion could create an 'angry back' which becomes hyperretictiye to other patch test challenges. The present study investignled whether the ABS is a generalized state of hyper-reactivity of skin, whether it is a localized hyper-reactivity of skin. i.e. only in lhe close proximity to a strong patcli test reaction, whelhcr it is an individual specilic phenomenon and if ABS is a reproducible phenomenon. The studies failed lo demonstrate any generalized or localized change in the reactivity of the skin. This lell the possibility that ABS might be a rare, and individual-specilic phenomenon. However, even in the subjects who had previously been diagnosed as having ABS we failed to reproduce the angry back.
<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>Infection Does not Affect the Early Rebleeding Rate in Patients with Peptic Ulcer Bleeding after Successful Endoscopic Hemostasis: A Prospective Single-Center Trial
Authors: D. Schilling, A. Demel, T. Nüsse, E. Weidmann, J. F. Riemann
Journal: Endoscopy (2003)

Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection can reduce the rebleeding rate of peptic ulcer bleeding in the long term. There are few data on the influence of H. pylori on the rebleeding rate in the acute phase of bleeding however. We therefore prospectively investigated the influence of H. pylori infection on the early rebleeding rate in patients who had undergone successful endoscopic hemostasis treatment for peptic ulcer bleeding.Between January 1996 and November 2000 all patients with peptic ulcer bleeding were evaluated consecutively. The diagnosis of H. pylori infection was made at index endoscopy, using histology and the rapid urease test. Bleeding activity was assessed using the Forrest classification. After successful endoscopic hemostasis all patients received omeprazole 40 mg or pantoprazole 40 mg, intravenously, twice a day for 3 days. Rebleeding episodes were recorded over 21 days following primary hemostasis.344 patients were enrolled into the study. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 62.9 %. A total of 51 patients showed rebleeding (14.8 %), of whom 31 were H. pylori-positive (60 %). There was no statistically significant difference between the H. pylori-positive and -negative patients, however. The rebleeding rate did not differ between patients with H. pylori infection alone and patients also using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. When stratifying patients according to activity of bleeding at index endoscopy, we were also unable to find any significant influence of H. pylori infection on the outcome of Forrest class I and IIa bleedings.Based on our data, it can be concluded that H. pylori infection does not affect the early rebleeding rate in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding after successful endoscopic hemostasis.
Jumping translocations of 1q12 in multiple myeloma: a novel mechanism for deletion of 17p in cytogenetically defined high-risk disease
Authors: Jeffrey R. Sawyer, Erming Tian, Christoph J. Heuck, Joshua Epstein, Donald J. Johann, Charles M. Swanson, Janet L. Lukacs, Marian Johnson, Regina Binz, Angela Boast, Gael Sammartino, Saad Usmani, Maurizio Zangari, Sarah Waheed, Frits van Rhee, Bart Barlogie
Journal: Blood (2014)
Mycobacterial diseases of the gut: some impact from molecular biology.
Authors: J D Sanderson, J Hermon-Taylor
Journal: Gut (1992)

Mycobacterial diseases of the gut: some impact from molecular biology At present Crohn's disease is by far the most important unresolved intestinal problem with a presumptive myco- bacterial association.When the progress of Crohn's disease research throughout the 20th century is reviewed from the vantage ofthe 21st, some familiar patterns will be recognised.From its earliest definitive descriptions,'2 Crohn's disease was suspected of having a mycobacterial cause, but with the failure of the available techniques of microscopy and culture to show specific pathogens, the likelihood of mycobacterial involvement was difficult to sustain and understandably fell into abeyance.Little real advance occurred for almost 50 years.Concepts of aetiology have meandered between those that invoked cornflakes, toothpaste, or a more general food allergy on the one hand, and the more scientifically respect- able possibilities of viruses and autoimmunity on the other.From the late 1970s a new era began with renewed attempts at mycobacterial culture, to grow specific pathogens from Crohn's disease and other tissues.3-About 10 years' persistent work by a small number ofresearch groups showed that bacillary mycobacteria could be cultured from the tissues of about one in five cases of both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, and from the tissues ofabout one in 10 non- inflammatory bowel disease controls.The figures for spheroplasts, whose nature was often unknown, were about two in five for Crohn's disease, one in five for ulcerative colitis, and rarely from non inflammatory bowel disease controls.78Where bacillary isolates could be identified, the range of mycobacterial strains corresponded broadly with those that could be cultured from a majority of normal human faeces.9The relation between mycobacteria, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis was properly summarised as
Regulatory role of OX22high T cells in mercury-induced autoimmunity in the brown Norway rat.
Authors: P W Mathieson, S Thiru, D B Oliveira
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1993)

The monoclonal antibody OX22 defines a functional split within CD4+ T cells in the rat, with OX22high cells mainly producing interleukin 2 (IL-2) and interferon gamma and responsible for delayed-type hypersensitivity responses, and OX22low cells mainly producing IL-4 and -5 and responsible for providing B cell help. There are reciprocal interactions between OX22high and OX22low cells, and it has been suggested that the OX22low subset has a role in the prevention of autoimmunity. We have used OX22 in vivo to define the role of these subsets in mercuric chloride-induced autoimmunity in the Brown Norway rat. In this model, there is polyclonal B cell activation and animals develop widespread tissue injury. Treatment of thymectomized animals with OX22 led to a profound reduction in the number of OX22high T cells in the peripheral blood. OX22-treated animals consistently developed more severe tissue injury than controls given an irrelevant antibody of the same isotype. Control animals pretreated with broad spectrum antimicrobial drugs showed milder tissue injury, but this protective effect of antimicrobials was lost in OX22-treated animals. Transfer of naive T cells to OX22-treated animals provided protection, but if T cells were depleted in vitro of OX22high cells before transfer, this effect was lost. These data provide evidence for a protective immunoregulatory role for OX22high T cells in mercuric chloride-induced autoimmunity.
Host Cell Phosphatidylcholine Is a Key Mediator of Malaria Parasite Survival during Liver Stage Infection
Authors: Maurice A. Itoe, Júlio L. Sampaio, Ghislain G. Cabal, Eliana Real, Vanessa Zuzarte-Luis, Sandra March, Sangeeta N. Bhatia, Friedrich Frischknecht, Christoph Thiele, Andrej Shevchenko, Maria M. Mota
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2014)

During invasion, Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, wraps itself in a parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM), which constitutes a critical interface between the parasite and its host cell. Within hepatocytes, each Plasmodium sporozoite generates thousands of new parasites, creating high demand for lipids to support this replication and enlarge the PVM. Here, a global analysis of the total lipid repertoire of Plasmodium-infected hepatocytes reveals an enrichment of neutral lipids and the major membrane phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC). While infection is unaffected in mice deficient in key enzymes involved in neutral lipid synthesis and lipolysis, ablation of rate-limiting enzymes in hepatic PC biosynthetic pathways significantly decreases parasite numbers. Host PC is taken up by both P. berghei and P. falciparum and is necessary for correct localization of parasite proteins to the PVM, which is essential for parasite survival. Thus, Plasmodium relies on the abundance of these lipids within hepatocytes to support infection.
Comparison of mortality rates in elderly hypertensive and normotensive hemiplegic patients.
Authors: J. D. Merrett, G. F. Adams
Journal: BMJ (1966)

Chronic Asthma-Walsh and Grant BDI& ¶'jSRNAL mittent treatment than with continuous (daily) treatment given in a comparable mean annual dose.The incidence of suspected and proved peptic ulceration was approximately the same in the two treatment groups.Sixteen patients (6%) died, seven from status asthmaticus and nine from other causes.The deaths from status asthmaticus were probably due to failure to increase the dose of corticosteroid when acute symptoms super- vened.The death rate was no higher in patients on intermittent treatment regimens than in those given corticosteroids every day.The results in 28 children were similar to those obtained in the 245 adults, but the children required a proportionately higher dose of corticosteroid, and were in consequence more liable to develop the stigmata of hypercorticism.More serious side-effects were uncommon, and no deaths were recorded.Intermittent treatment was effective less often in children than in adults, but complete withdrawal of corticosteroids was achieved more often in children (18%) than in adults (5%).Although growth had already been retarded in many children with severe chronic asthma before corticosteroids were given, it is possible that the administration of these agents was respon- sible for further retardation of growth in a few cases.This investigation has shown that in suitably selected cases regimens of intermittent treatment with prednisolone are as effective in controlling the symptoms of chronic asthma as continuous (daily) treatment.There are some indications that side-effects are less likely to be produced by intermittent than by continuous administration of prednisolone, but further studies will be required to confirm this tentative conclusion.
Short-term was less effective than long-term flecainide for preventing recurrent AF after cardioversion
Authors: D. George Wyse
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2012)

Source Citation Kirchhof P, Andresen D, Bosch R, et al. Short-term versus long-term antiarrhythmic drug treatment after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (Flec-SL): a prospective, randomised, open-label, blinded endpoint assessment trial. Lancet. 2012;380:238-46. 22713626
Anti-tumor activities of selective HSP90α/β inhibitor, TAS-116, in combination with bortezomib in multiple myeloma
Authors: R Suzuki, T Hideshima, N Mimura, J Minami, H Ohguchi, S Kikuchi, Y Yoshida, G Gorgun, D Cirstea, F Cottini, J Jakubikova, Y-T Tai, D Chauhan, P G Richardson, N C Munshi, T Utsugi, K C Anderson
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Is dialysis hypotension caused by an abnormality of venous tone?
Authors: J. R Bradley, D. B Evans, S. M Gore, A. J Cowley
Journal: BMJ (1988)

The role of peripheral vascular tone in the development of hypotension induced by dialysis was investigated in eight patients undergoing haemodialysis with acetate or bicarbonate buffered fluid. Each patient had two sessions of dialysis with acetate fluid and two with bicarbonate fluid in the order acetate, bicarbonate, bicarbonate, acetate or bicarbonate, acetate, acetate, bicarbonate. Mean arterial blood pressure fell at a mean rate of 3.9 mm Hg/hour during dialysis with acetate fluid and 1.4 mm Hg/hour during dialysis with bicarbonate fluid. The rate of fall was significantly greater during dialysis with acetate fluid compared with bicarbonate fluid. Heart rate increased by a mean rate of 2.6 beats/min/hour during dialysis with both acetate and bicarbonate fluid. Vascular resistance in the forearm increased at a rate of 3.6 units/hour during dialysis with acetate fluid and 4.5 units/hour during dialysis with bicarbonate fluid, but the venous bed of the forearm dilated. The index of venous tone rose at a mean rate of 0.23 ml/dl [corrected] over 40 mm Hg/hour during dialysis with acetate fluid and 0.20 ml/dl over 40 mm Hg/hour during dialysis with bicarbonate fluid. Inappropriate peripheral venodilatation may be important in the development of hypotension induced by dialysis.
Impaired hematopoietic differentiation of RUNX1-mutated induced pluripotent stem cells derived from FPD/AML patients
Authors: M Sakurai, H Kunimoto, N Watanabe, Y Fukuchi, S Yuasa, S Yamazaki, T Nishimura, K Sadahira, K Fukuda, H Okano, H Nakauchi, Y Morita, I Matsumura, K Kudo, E Ito, Y Ebihara, K Tsuji, Y Harada, H Harada, S Okamoto, H Nakajima
Journal: Leukemia (2014)
Prognostic impact and landscape of NOTCH1 mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL): a study on 852 patients
Authors: S Weissmann, A Roller, S Jeromin, M Hernández, M Abáigar, J M Hernández-Rivas, V Grossmann, C Haferlach, W Kern, T Haferlach, S Schnittger, A Kohlmann
Journal: Leukemia (2013)
Hyperosmolality activates Akt and regulates apoptosis in renal tubular cells
Authors: Yoshio Terada, Seiji Inoshita, Satoko Hanada, Haruko Shimamura, Michio Kuwahara, Wataru Ogawa, Masato Kasuga, Sei Sasaki, Fumiaki Marumo
Journal: Kidney International (2001)
Placebo-controlled manipulations of testosterone levels and dominance
Authors: Ronal E. O'Carroll
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (1998)

Mazur &amp; Booth present an intriguing model of the relationship between circulating testosterone levels and dominance behaviour in man, but their review of studies on testosterone–behaviour relationships in man is selective. Much of the evidence they cite is correlational in nature. Placebo-controlled manipulations of testosterone levels are required to test their hypothesis that dominance levels are testosterone-dependent in man. The changes in testosterone level that follow behavioural experience may be a consequence of stress. Testosterone levels in man are determined by a wide variety of factors, and a multivariate approach is required.
Deletion of a conserved Il4 silencer impairs T helper type 1–mediated immunity
Authors: K Mark Ansel, Rebecca J Greenwald, Suneet Agarwal, Craig H Bassing, Silvia Monticelli, Jeneen Interlandi, Ivana M Djuretic, Dong U Lee, Arlene H Sharpe, Frederick W Alt, Anjana Rao
Journal: Nature Immunology (2004)
Examining Product Risk in Context: The Case of Zomepirac
Authors: Byron U. Musa
Journal: JAMA (1994)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —Dr Ross-Degnan and colleagues<sup>1</sup>are to be commended for bringing to the attention of physicians the unfortunate results of drug company marketing on the prescribing practices of US physicians. However, the logic of Ross-Degnan et al weakens when they state that the risks of drugs substituted for a drug withdrawn because of unanticipated bad effects should be considered before withdrawing the drug. The drug would not have been released if the bad effects had been known beforehand. Therefore, patients who needed to be treated for conditions for which the drug was putatively indicated would have been given the substituted drugs as first choice. Ergo, no net effect.
US wants Australia to modify its cheap drugs scheme as part of trade deal
Authors: B. Burton
Journal: BMJ (2003)

US government negotiators are pressing the Australian government to agree to modifications to the government subsidised pharmaceutical benefits scheme in exchange for allowing Australian farmers better access to US markets, as part of a free trade agreement.

Under the scheme, the Australian government subsidises approved drugs and negotiates heavily discounted prices from the manufacturer. Patients, who pay what is often a nominal “co-payment” on a prescription, are then able to receive them far more cheaply than they otherwise would.

Assistant US trade representative Ralph Ives confirmed at the conclusion of the first week's negotiations in Canberra that the scheme was on the …
Announcement of NephSAP
Authors: Richard J. Glassock, Robert G. Narins
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2002)

Members of the Society will find a new dividend accompanying this issue of the Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. A new publication of the ASN, NephSAP (Nephrology Self-Assessment Program), begins with the release of its inaugural issue accompanying the July issue of JASN. NephSAP hopes to provide ASN members with a vehicle by which to periodically evaluate and update their nephrology knowledge, clinical analytic skills, and judgment. Each issue will be devoted to a general theme (e.g., glomerular diseases) and will consist of two parts. First, a comprehensive, scholarly, and clinically oriented syllabus written by one of the associate editors of NephSAP that summarizes the important developments in the field over the previous 2 to 3 years. Second, a self-evaluation examination composed of 25 single-best-answer, clinically relevant questions that concern key topics embraced by the overall theme of the issue. Submitted answer sheets will be graded and returned along with the answers, explanatory comments, and appropriate references. The outcome of the self-evaluation exercise may provide guidance on the strengths and weaknesses of the respondent. Continuing Medical Education credits will be given for completion of the examination. NephSAP will be published bimonthly starting in July; three issues are slated for 2002, and the full six issues will appear in 2003. ASN members will receive their issues of NephSAP at no additional cost, and they will be mailed with JASN. The associate editors have been selected for their established and well-recognized expertise in a specific theme area and for their teaching skills. Altogether, the themes will encompass the broad field of nephrology: Glomerular, Vascular, Tubulointerstitial, and Genetic Diseases: Richard Glassock and Gerald Appel Disorders of Fluids, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base: Richard Sterns Disorders of Divalent Ion Metabolism and Nephrolithiasis: Stanley Goldfarb Acute Renal Failure: Paul Palevsky Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease: Mark Rosenberg Dialysis and End-Stage Renal Disease: Jonathan Himmelfarb Renal Transplantation: Barbara Murphy Hypertension: George Bakris These eight theme topics will be reviewed approximately every 16 months and published on a bimonthly basis. The emphasis will be on new and emerging clinically relevant information, but fundamental pathophysiology, molecular and cell biology, and genetics will be included if appropriate. NephSAP should be a simple, readily available, and stimulating way for nephrologists to keep current in a rapidly changing environment. The editors encourage comments regarding NephSAP and its offerings. Our goal is to make this program the very best of its kind. Your input will help us to make it more useful to your professional life. Please let us know how we are doing and how we can make the program better.