tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Binding of 7,12-Dimethylbenz[&lt;italic&gt;a&lt;/italic&gt;]anthracene to BALB/c Mouse Mammary Gland DNA in Organ Culture&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Amit B. Kundu, Nityanand T. Telang, Mihir R. Banerjee
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

The second thoracic mammary glands of immature female BALB/c mice were cultivated to alveolar development in a chemically defined medium with insulin plus prolactin plus aldosterone plus hydrocortisone (IPAH medium). The glands were treated with labeled (3H or 14C) or unlabeled 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) for 24 hours between days 3 and 4 of culture. For binding studies, isolated mammary gland DNA was treated with RNase and pronase and the radioactivity in DNA was measured. The DNA of glands treated with [14C]DMBA was also analyzed in a CsCl density gradient. The DNA of glands treated with labeled DMBA was found to contain bound radioactivity. UV absorption spectral analysis also showed the presence of the DMBA nucleus at the 310-nm region in the DNA of DMBA-treated glands. Nearly 100% of the initial [3H]DMBA-DNA radioactivity was retained up to 5 months, and at 8 months 72% of the radioactivity was present in the DNA. For morphologic studies, observation of the glands after treatment with equimolar concentrations (0.004 m) of DMBA, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benz[a]anthracene, or anthracene in IPAH medium revealed that DMBA was most potent in inducing nodulelike alveolar lesions (NLAL) in the mammary glands in culture. Thus the binding of DMBA to DNA corresponds to its high noduligenic action in the mammary glands in the present organ culture model. The results appear to resemble DMBA-DNA interaction associated with the carcinogenic action of DMBA. The biologic characteristics of the NLAL are being assessed by mammary fat pad transplantation.
Seroprevalence of chronic Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients affected by chronic stable asthma
Authors: M. P. Foschino Barbaro, O. Resta, M. Aliani, P. Guido, C. Izzo, C. Logroscino, V. Epifani, M. Bisconti, R. Gerardi, R. Del Prete, G. Miragliotta
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2002)
International scientific communications in the field of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema
Authors: Kosta Kostov
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The dynamic internationalization of research in the multidisciplinary field of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema, two related diseases within chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was analyzed. A retrospective problem-oriented search on this topic was performed in  Web of Science  ( WoS ) and  Scopus  in 1994-2013. The following scientometric parameters were studied: number of abstracted publications; names of authors; languages and types of primary documents; titles, number, and thematic profile of journals, and nominations, thematic profiles and countries of authors9 institutions. Selected citation data in  WoS  were retrieved, too.  In  WoS , there were  761  items by authors from  51  countries and in  Scopus  -  1298  ones by authors from  63  countries. In  WoS , most papers were abstracted in 2012 (61), 2008 (58) and 2013 (54) but in  Scopus , there were 93, 85 and 100 ones, respectively.  E. K. Silverman  presented with most abstracted publications in  WoS  but  A. G. N. Agusti  did in  Scopus . In  WoS , primary publications were in 10 and in  Scopus  in 24 languages. Articles prevailed followed by reviews and proceedings papers.   Chest ,  Am J  Respir Crit Care Med   and  Eur Resp J   contained most papers on this topic. In  WoS ,  761  papers received  20911  citations without self-citations. There were  13804  citing articles without self-citations as  658  papers were cited at least once. Average citations per item were  29.16  and h-index was  75 . The paper by   J. C. Hogg  et al .  ( N Engl J Med ,  350 , 2004, 2645-2653) received  1184  citations or  107.64  per year.  The files with abstracts analyzed through this constellation of scientometric indicators could contribute to further improvement of international collaboration.
Phase I trial of concurrent intraperitoneal and continuous intravenous infusion of fluorouracil in patients with refractory cancer.
Authors: B Reichman, M Markman, T Hakes, N Kemeny, D Kelsen, W Hoskins, S Rubin, J L Lewis
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

In an effort to maximize both local-regional and systemic drug exposure to tumor in the peritoneal cavity, a phase I study was conducted that examined the simultaneous daily intraperitoneal (IP) and continuous intravenous infusion (CVI) of fluorouracil (5-FU) to 32 patients with refractory cancer. IP 5-FU administered at 1,000 mg/d with concurrent 5-FU by CVI at 1,000 mg/m2/d for four consecutive days was well tolerated. One patient with a primary gastrointestinal (GI) malignancy with minimal volume disease experienced a surgically defined complete remission. In theory, this regimen may demonstrate clinical utility as an adjuvant treatment of certain GI malignancies. Future studies are planned in this clinical setting.
Molecular mechanism of kallikrein-related peptidase 8/neuropsin-induced hyperkeratosis in inflamed skin
Authors: K. Shingaki, S. Matsuzaki, M. Taniguchi, T. Kubo, T. Fujiwara, S. Kanazawa, A. Yamamoto, H. Tamura, T. Maeda, K. Ooi, K. Matsumoto, S. Shiosaka, M. Tohyama
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Background Hyperkeratosis and acanthosis occur in inflamed skin. Proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes are important processes during epidermal repair after inflammation. Neuropsin and its human homologue kallikrein‐related peptidase 8 (KLK8) have been reported to be involved in epidermal proliferation and differentiation, but the involved molecular mechanisms are obscure.
Discovery and validation of peripheral blood gene expression profiles predictive of poor outcome and disease progression in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Argyrios Tzouvelekis, Jose D. Herazo-Maya, Xiting Yang, Imre Noth, Shwu-Fan Ma, Brenda M. Juan-Guardela, Heather Lynn, Joseph DeIullis, Guoying Yu, Koji Sakamoto, Melinda Klesen, Michelle Meyers, Kathleen O. Lindell, Kevin F. Gibson, Joe G.N. Garcia, Naftali Kaminski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Rationale: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease associated with increase mortality. In this study we aim to identify and validate peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) gene expression profiles predictive of poor outcomes and IPF progression

Methods: We collected transplant free survival (TFS) data, extracted RNA from PBMCs and performed Microarrays in IPF patients from a discovery (N=45) and replication cohort (N=75) at the University of Chicago and Pittsburgh, respectively. Significance analysis of Microarrays was used to identify genes associated with TFS. Hierarchical clustering and qRT-PCR were used to validate Microarray findings. Transcript counts were measured by the nCounter system (NanoString) in a larger (N=120), prospectively followed IPF cohort (University of Pittsburgh), at multiple time points per patient (N=425). A linear mixed model was used to identify significant associations between FVC and FVC% with gene expressions over time after adjusting for differences in age, gender and immunosuppression use.

Results: Hierarchical clustering based on 52 outcome predictive genes distinguished two clusters of IPF patients with significant differences in TFS (HR:2.08,CI:1.29-3.32,P=0.017). No differences in age, gender or immunosuppression use were identified between patients in these clusters. 43 and 40 genes of the 52-gene profile were significantly associated with changes over time in FVC and FVC%, respectively, by the linear mixed model (P<0.05).

Conclusions:A 52-gene profile is predictive of TFS. The majority of these genes are also associated with changes in FVC and FVC% over time.
Rituximab Dose-Escalation Trial in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Susan M. O’Brien, Hagop Kantarjian, Deborah A. Thomas, Francis J. Giles, Emil J. Freireich, Jorge Cortes, Susan Lerner, Michael J. Keating
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To conduct a dose-escalation trial of rituximab in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to define the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), to evaluate first-dose reactions in patients with high circulating lymphocyte counts, and to assess the efficacy at higher versus lower doses. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty patients with CLL (n = 40) or other mature B-cell lymphoid leukemias (n = 10) were treated with four weekly infusions of rituximab. The first dose was 375 mg/m 2 for all patients; dose- escalation began with dose 2 but was held constant for each patient. Escalated doses were from 500 to 2,250 mg/m 2 . RESULTS: Toxicity with the first dose (375 mg/m 2 ) was noted in 94% of patients but was grade 1 or 2 in most, predominantly fever and chills. Six patients (12%) experienced severe toxicity with the first dose, including fever, chills, dyspnea, and hypoxia in all six patients, hypotension in five, and hypertension in one. Toxicity on subsequent doses was minimal until a dose of 2,250 mg/m 2 was achieved. Eight (67%) of 12 patients had grade 2 toxicity, including fever, chills, nausea, and malaise, although no patient had grade 3 or 4 toxicity. Severe toxicity with the first dose was significantly more common in patients with other B-cell leukemias, occurring in five (50%) of 10 patients versus one (2%) of 40 patients with CLL (P &lt; .001). The overall response rate was 40%; all responses in patients with CLL were partial remissions. Response rates were 36% in CLL and 60% in other B-cell lymphoid leukemias. Response was correlated with dose: 22% for patients treated at 500 to 825 mg/m 2 , 43% for those treated at 1,000 to 1,500 mg/m 2 , and 75% for those treated at the highest dose of 2,250 mg/m 2 (P = .007). The median time to disease progression was 8 months. Myelosuppression and infections were uncommon. CONCLUSION: Rituximab has significant activity in patients with CLL at the higher dose levels. Severe first-dose reactions were uncommon in patients with CLL, even with high circulating lymphocyte counts, but were frequent in patients with other mature B-cell leukemias in which CD20 surface expression is increased. Efficacy of rituximab was also significant in this group of patients.
pH – and serum sodium level as an important predictor of mortality in acute exacerbation of COPD
Authors: J.K. Samaria, Hemant Kumar
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  AECOPD result in increased morbidity and mortality, and constitute a tremendous socioeconomic burden. Predicting in-hospital mortality may aid prognostication and plan for future therapies.   Aim of study:  Predicting in-hospital mortality in patient of Acute Exacerbation of COPD help in planning the course of future treatment for averting the impending morbidity and mortality.   Methods:  Study includes 94 patients of Acute Exacerbation of COPD admitted in the Tertiary Care Hospital were subjected to thorough history and clinical examination, all relevant examinations including ABG & others like RFT, LFT, CBC, RBC etc were done. All the patients of AECOPD managed either by NIV or given invasive ventilation in ICU.   Results:  Most patients were elderly with mean age of 62.3 years. Mortality rate was 17% (16/94) during hospital stay. Mean pH of the patients 7.382 (SD=0.0878). pH of those patients who expired were mean 7.3035 (SD 0.111) and patients who survived were mean 7.3989 (SD 0.706). The difference was significant (P=0.003) (CI 0.33855 – 0.156935). Sodium level of the patients in the study were 133.93 (SD 8.481), patients who expired the sodium level were mean 123.43 (SD 11.267) and those who survived mean sodium were 135.92 (SD 6.264). The difference was significant (P=0.001) (CI=6.505 – 18.475).   Conclusion:  pH and serum sodium level at the time of admission are independent predictors of mortality in patients with Acute Exacerbation of COPD.
Abstract 202: Predicting Successful Defibrillation with a New Algorithm Based on the Magnitude and Dominant Frequency of Ventricular Fibrillation Waveform
Authors: Xiaobo Wu, Joe Bisera, Shijie Sun, Max H Weil, Wanchun Tang
Journal: Circulation (2011)

After prolonged ventricular fibrillation (VF), defibrillation after every 2 minutes of CPR, as currently recommended, not only often fails to return spontaneous circulation but also causes significant myocardial injury. This study has developed a new algorithm to predict the optimal time of defibrillation. We hypothesized that the product of the total absolute magnitudes and dominant frequency (PMD) will provide an equal or improved prediction of amplitude spectrum area (AMSA) in a pig model of CPR. Forty-eight domestic pigs weighing between 35 to 48 kg were utilized. The durations of untreated ventricular fibrillation (VF) were from 4 to 15 minutes. The electrical shock was delivered after 2 to 5 minutes of chest compression. Only the results of the first electrical shock were reported. The 5-sec strip of VF waveform prior to each electrical shock was captured to calculate PMD and AMSA. The formula calculating PMD is PMD= (|A 1 |+|A 2 |+¼+|A i |+¼+|A n |) * DF/K, where |A i | is the absolute amplitude of the i th time-sampled data. DF is the dominant frequency. K is a constant factor. For PMD calculation, the frequency range from 5 Hz to 25 Hz was selected to filter the signal, for AMSA calculation, the frequently-used frequency range is from 4 Hz to 48Hz. K =100 was used to calculate PMD. The perfusing rhythm was restored in 20 pigs after the electrical shock, PMD was 22.95±5.01 mV·Hz in resuscitated pigs and was 10.21±3.55 mV·Hz when electrical shock failed to restore circulation (p&lt;.001). AMSA values were 30.97±5.35 mV·Hz and 18.77±4.57 mV·Hz in resuscitated and non-resuscitated pigs, respectively (p&lt;.001). The differences in both of PMD and AMSA between resuscitated and non-resuscitated pigs were highly significant (p&lt;.001). For PMD, the calculated threshold was 16 mV·Hz when the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 89%, respectively. For AMSA, the calculated threshold was 23 mV·Hz when the sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 86%, respectively. We concluded that the product of the total absolute magnitudes and dominant frequency (PMD) predicts the successful defibrillation during CPR as effectively as amplitude spectrum area (AMSA).
Vitamin D inhibits captopril-induced cell detachment and apoptosis in keratinocytes
Authors: T. Zeeli, M. Langberg, C. Rotem, M. David, R. Koren, A. Ravid
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Captopril, an angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitor, is a commonly prescribed antihypertensive drug. Its cutaneous side-effects include pemphigus vulgaris acantholysis and bullous pemphigoid-like cell-matrix detachment. This medication also triggers apoptosis in human keratinocytes. Calcitriol, the hormonally active vitamin D metabolite, protects keratinocytes from programmed cell death induced by various noxious stimuli.To examine if calcitriol protects proliferating keratinocytes from the damage inflicted by captopril.Autonomously proliferating HaCaT keratinocytes, used as a model for basal layer keratinocytes, were exposed to captopril. Cell detachment was examined visually by light microscopy. Cytotoxicity was assessed by Hoechst 33342 staining and lactate dehydrogenase release. Apoptotic death was assessed by monitoring caspase 3-like activity.Cells exposed to captopril detached and became round. This process was accompanied by programmed cell death. From time-dependent monitoring of cell detachment and apoptosis, and examination of pan-caspase inhibitor effects on cell detachment we concluded that cell death is the consequence of cell detachment from the culture plate and not vice versa. Pretreatment with calcitriol significantly attenuated these events. The effects of calcitriol were already evident at 1 nmol L(-1) concentration of the hormone.The results of this study show that calcitriol protects keratinocytes from captopril-induced cell detachment and apoptosis.
Association Between Parkinson Disease and Risk of Cancer in Taiwan
Authors: Pei-Ying Lin, Shih-Ni Chang, Tzu-Hung Hsiao, Bo-Tsang Huang, Ching-Heng Lin, Pan-Chyr Yang
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Parkinson disease (PD) has been reported to be associated with a general reduced risk of cancer. These studies were mainly carried out in Western populations and little was known about associations in East Asians.To analyze the association between PD and risk of cancer.In this cohort study, the data were obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database, which contained information on approximately 24.7 million insured individuals. The cohort included individuals with newly diagnosed as having PD between 2004 and 2010. An age- and sex-matched systematic random-sampling method was used for subject selection in the reference non-PD cohort. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to determine the effects of PD on the risks of cancer, as shown by hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs.The Taiwan Population Census and National Cancer Registry Databases were used to identify patients with cancer. The last follow-up date was December 31, 2012.In 62 023 patients with PD, the HR for all subsequent cancers combined was 1.58 (95% CI, 1.50-1.65). Of the 19 types of cancer, Parkinson disease was not associated with breast, ovarian, or thyroid cancers. Increased HRs were found in the remaining 16 cancers, including malignant brain tumors (HR, 3.42; 95% CI, 1.84-6.38), gastrointestinal tract cancers (esophageal [HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.28-2.57], stomach [HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.30-1.94], colorectal [HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.31-1.65], liver [HR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.67-2.14]; gallbladder [HR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.16-2.57], and pancreas [HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.09-2.02]) (P < .05 for all comparisons), lung cancers (HR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.38-1.76), some hormone-related cancers (uterine [HR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.12-3.01], cervical [HR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.05-1.76], and prostate [HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.52-2.13; P < .05 for all comparisons), urinary tract cancers (kidney and bladder cancers; HRs, 1.59 and 1.99, respectively; P < .001 for both comparisons), lymphoma and/or leukemia (HR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.31-2.01), melanoma (HR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.35-5.59), and other skin cancers (HR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.46-2.23). For hepatocellular carcinoma, the highest HR resided in the 50- to 59-year-old group (HR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.7-3.89).Our study concludes that PD is is associated with most cancers in Taiwan. Further studies are needed to clarify whether our findings can be applied to other East Asian populations. The differences between our study and most previous cohorts suggest the importance of ethnicity and environmental exposures in disease pathogenesis.
Increased Expression of Oxidation-Specific Epitopes and Apoptosis Are Associated With Haptoglobin Genotype
Authors: K-Raman Purushothaman, Meerarani Purushothaman, Andrew P. Levy, Patrick A. Lento, Solene Evrard, Jason C. Kovacic, Karen C. Briley-Saebo, Sotirios Tsimikas, Joseph L. Witztum, Prakash Krishnan, Annapoorna Kini, Zahi A. Fayad, Valentin Fuster, Samin K. Sharma, Pedro R. Moreno
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
THE ACADEMIC LECTURE
Authors: FRIEDA FROMM-REICHMANN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1954)

1. The goal of dynamic psychotherapy with schizophrenics is the same as that of intensive psychotherapy with other mental disturbances, i. e. to help both ambulatory and hospitalized patients gain awareness of and curative insight into the history and unknown dynamic causes which are responsible for their disorder. 2. The same type of psychotherapeutic approach to schizophrenic patients during all phases and manifestations of the disorder and discussions of illness and treatment after their recovery are recommended for the purpose of helping such patients to integrate their recovery with their psychotic past. 3. An attempt is made to understand schizophrenic symptomatology and to approach it therapeutically as an expression of and as a defense against anxiety. The hypothesis is offered that the universal human experience of tension between dependency, fear of relinquishing it, recoil from it, and interpersonal hostility becomes, in the case of schizophrenic persons, so highly magnified and so overwhelming that it leads to unbearable degrees of anxiety and then to discharge in symptom-formation. 4. The multiple meaning of many schizophrenic symptoms, communications, and other manifestations has been discussed. The need for understanding and translating them descriptively for therapeutic reasons has been questioned, and the significance of nonverbal communications with schizophrenic patients has been stressed. 5. Psychodynamic investigation and clarification of schizophrenic anxiety and symptomatology in its conscious and unconscious manifestations in the patient-psychiatrist relationship is presented to be equally as crucial for the psychotherapy with schizophrenics as for other mental patients.
Interaction of fimbriated and nonfimbriated strains of unencapsulated Haemophilus influenzae with human respiratory tract mucus in vitro
Authors: W Barsum, R Wilson, R C Read, A Rutman, H C Todd, N Houdret, P Roussel, P J Cole
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1995)

Adherence to mucus may influence bacterial colonization of the respiratory tract. Clinical isolates of nontypable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) from the respiratory tract are often fimbriated. We wondered whether fimbriated strains have a different adherence from related nonfimbriated strains. A microtitre plate assay has been developed to study adherence of nontypable H. influenzae to mucus. Wells were coated by incubation either with sol phase of sterile mucoid secretions or with purified preparations of mucins. Two laboratory pairs of fimbriated (F+) and nonfimbriated (F-) nontypable H. influenzae, and six fresh clinical isolates of fimbriated nontypable H. influenzae each with nonfimbriated partners derived by serial passage on agar, were cultured to mid-log phase, washed, and then added to the wells. They were then incubated at 37 degrees C for 30 min before washing to remove unbound bacteria. Adherent bacteria were desorbed by agitation with 0.5% Tween 80 and a viable count performed. The two fimbriated laboratory strains (n = 12 and n = 17), and 5 of the 6 fimbriated clinical isolates were more adherent to sol phase than their respective nonfimbriated partners. Two nonfimbriated clinical isolates were more adherent to plastic than their fimbriated partners. A fimbriated laboratory strain was more adherent than its nonfimbriated partner both to a purified preparation of high molecular mass mucin and to the glycopeptide fraction of the same. We conclude that fimbriated strains of nontypable H. influenzae have increased adherence to sol phase of mucus and purified human respiratory tract mucin. The interactions of fimbriae with mucus are likely to be complex, and may involve both nonspecific and specific interactions.