tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mice whose B cells cannot produce the T15 idiotype also lack an antigen-specific helper T cell required for T15 expression.
Authors: K Bottomly, D E Mosier
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1979)

The X-linked CBA/N defect in B cell function precludes an antibody response to phosphorylcholine (PC). Accordingly, (CBA/N X BALB/c)F1 male mice are unresponsive to PC and lack circulating immunoglobulin bearing the T15 idiotype characteristic of BALB/C anti-PC antibody. In contrast, (CBA/N X BALB/c)F1 female mice respond to PC and greater than 80% of the anti-PC antibody is T15+. No T-cell abnormalities are known to be associated with the CBA/N mutation. These experiments compared the ability of helper T cells from either (CBA/N X BALB/c)F1 male (T15-) or F1 female (T15+) mice to help F1 female B cells respond to PC and to influence the level of T15 expression. The results indicate that although F1 male T cells collaborated with F1 female B cells just as efficiently as F1 female T cells for the total anti-PC response, the percentage of T15 expression induced by F1 male T cells fell dramatically. The (CBA/N X BALB/c)F1 male thus appear to lack a helper T-cell subset required for dominant idiotype production. This helper T cell defect could be repaired by adding F1 female T cells primed to a second carrier to F1 male T cells and restimulating the cell mixture with PC coupled to the antigen used to prime the F1 male cells plus free second carrier. This result implies that conventional helper T cells derived from the F1 male donor can collaborate with a distinct helper T-cell subset from the F1 female donor which recognizes both carrier and idiotype to induce an anti-PC antibody response dominated by the T15 clonotype.
Coronary hemodynamics and myocardial metabolism of lactate, free fatty acids, glucose, and ketones in patients with septic shock.
Authors: J F Dhainaut, M F Huyghebaert, J F Monsallier, G Lefevre, J Dall'Ava-Santucci, F Brunet, D Villemant, A Carli, D Raichvarg
Journal: Circulation (1987)

To investigate disturbances in the coronary circulation and myocardial metabolism during septic shock, we examined coronary sinus blood flow and myocardial substrate extraction in 40 patients with septic shock and 13 control patients. Patients with coronary artery disease were excluded from this study. The global hemodynamic pattern of the septic patients was characterized by a lower stroke volume, despite an elevated cardiac index. Coronary sinus blood flow was high (187 +/- 47 vs 130 +/- 21 ml/min in the control group, p less than .001) due to marked coronary vasodilation, especially in the subgroup of nonsurvivors. In contrast to the control group, myocardial lactate uptake was elevated, while that of free fatty acids, glucose, and ketone bodies was diminished in patients with septic shock. These findings were especially prominent in the nonsurvivors. Expressed as oxygen equivalents, the contribution of free fatty acids as an energy source of the myocardium was markedly diminished in septic patients (12% vs 54% in the control group, p less than .005), while that of lactate was increased (36% vs 12%, p less than .01). The observed shift in myocardial substrate extraction was associated with a discrepancy between measured myocardial oxygen consumption and that calculated chemically from commonly available exogenous substrates: 41% of myocardial oxygen consumption was not explained by the utilization of commonly available substrates extracted from coronary circulation in all patients with septic shock.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Spontaneous Rupture of Rectus
Authors: A. Lyall
Journal: BMJ (1945)

MEDICAL J0UKN,LThe woman was discharged from hospital exactly one month zifter admission, June 28.At the time of her discharge she appeared to have gained weight, and she-had completely recovered. COMMENTSThis was undoubtedly a case of congenital partial atresia of the cervix, as there was no history of previous infection or trauma to suggest closure of the cervix by scar tissue or any evidence of scarring.I consider this case of peculiar interest in view of the generally accepted view that in this type of abnormality the internal genital organs are too much underdeveloped to permit of fertilization.
Prognosis of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: An evaluation based on multivariate analysis of 90 cases
Authors: Yuka Akashi, Chizu Koreeda, Shigeki Enomoto, Shozo Uchiyama, Takako Mizuno, Yasuko Shiozaki, Yoshiko Sameshima, Kyoichi Inoue
Journal: Hepatology (1991)

A multivariate analysis of data from 90 patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma was performed using Cox's regression model to identify factors possibly affecting their prognoses. Thirty-one patients underwent arterial anticancer chemotherapy, and the remaining 59 patients received transcatheter arterial embolization with anticancer agents. Four of 27 variables tested for all the patients (i.e., encapsulation [p less than 0.05], gross appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma [p less than 0.01], clinical stage [p less than 0.01] and therapy [p less than 0.01]) were found to be prognostically significant. Five of 27 variables tested were prognostically significant for the transcatheter arterial embolization group; they were an extension rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (p less than 0.01), encapsulation (p less than 0.01), alpha-fetoprotein (p less than 0.01), prothrombin time (p less than 0.01) and serum sodium (p less than 0.01). Regression equations were used to describe a prognostic index. A prognostic index was defined as the regression equation derived from the results of a total of 90 patients; PI-1 = eY, where PI-1 = prognostic index 1 Y = 1.549 (gross appearance of hepatocellular carcinoma - 1.344) + 0.778 (encapsulation - 1.622) + 0.818 (clinical stage - 1.800) + 1.760 (therapy - 1.344) and prognostic index 2, the regression equation derived from the results of the transcatheter arterial embolization group of patients; PI-2 = eY, where PI-2 = prognostic index 2 Y = 1.210 (extension rate of hepatocellular carcinoma - 1.576) + 1.179 (encapsulation - 1.475) + 0.0001277 (alpha-fetoprotein - 1420.792) -0.039 (prothrombin time - 72.237) - 0.214 (serum sodium - 138.427).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Epidemiology of childhood IDDM in U.S. Virgin Islands from 1979 to 1988: Evidence of an Epidemic in Early 1980s and Variation by Degree of Racial Admixture
Authors: Eugene S Tull, Jeffrey M Roseman, Cora L E Christian
Journal: Diabetes Care (1991)

The epidemiology of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was evaluated in a predominantly black population in the U.S. Virgin Islands.Primary ascertainment of diabetic subjects was by retrospective review of hospital and clinic records, and IDDM was defined by Diabetes Epidemiology Research International Group criteria.For the period 1979-1988, 28 children less than 15 yr of age were diagnosed with IDDM resulting in an average annual IDDM incidence rate (IR) of 7.5/100,000 (95% confidence interval 4.7-10.3). A significant increase in IDDM incidence (P less than 0.01) was observed when the IR rose to 28.4/100,000 in 1984. White children had the highest IR (28.9/100,000). The IR for Hispanics (7.2/100,000) was slightly higher than that for blacks (5.9/100,000). Among black children, a slight but nonsignificant male excess in incidence was observed (male-female ratio 1.5). When black or Hispanic patients were compared with age-matched control subjects with respect to grandparental race, the diabetic subjects had a greater percentage of white ancestry (P less than 0.02 and P less than 0.05, respectively). The incidence of IDDM in Caribbean blacks (West Indians) in the U.S. Virgin Islands was similar to blacks in the U.S.The epidemic of IDDM in 1984 provides support for a possible pandemic in the early 1980s.
Interferon and T-Cell Lymphoma
Authors: JOSEPH ALCALAY
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 September 1987Interferon and T-Cell LymphomaJOSEPH ALCALAY, M.D., MICHAEL DAVID, M.D., MICHAL LOTEM, M.D., MIRIAM SANDBANK, M.D.JOSEPH ALCALAY, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MICHAEL DAVID, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MICHAL LOTEM, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, MIRIAM SANDBANK, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-107-2-428_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In 1984, Bunn and associates (1) reported that high-dose recombinant leukocyte A interferon was highly effective in the treatment of advanced refractory cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. However, it was difficult to assess survival. The same group, by getting more clinical experience with the drug, stated that interferon alfa-2a is a treatment of choice for patients with advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas refractory to chemotherapy and other standard forms of therapy (2). Based on these reports, we recently treated a patient who had Sézary syndrome refractory to previous forms of therapy with high-dose recombinant interferon alfa-2a.A 55-year-old woman has...References1. BUNN P, FOON K, and IHDE D. Recombinant leukocyte A interferon: an active agent in advanced cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Ann Intern Med. 1984;101:484-7. LinkGoogle Scholar2. BUNN P, IHDE D, and FOON K. The role of recombinant interferon alfa-2a in the therapy of cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Cancer. 1986;57:1689-95. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: JOSEPH ALCALAY, M.D.; MICHAEL DAVID, M.D.; MICHAL LOTEM, M.D.; MIRIAM SANDBANK, M.D.Affiliations: Beilinson Medical Center Petah Tiqva 49 100 Israel PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 September 1987Volume 107, Issue 3Page: 428-428KeywordsChemotherapyDrug therapyInterferonsLymphoma ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 September 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Autonomic mechanisms in ventricular fibrillation induced by myocardial ischemia during exercise in dogs with healed myocardial infarction. An experimental preparation for sudden cardiac death.
Authors: P J Schwartz, G E Billman, H L Stone
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The relationship between activity of the autonomic nervous system, myocardial ischemia, and malignant arrhythmias has been investigated in a new experimental preparation for sudden death. Fifty-seven dogs were chronically instrumented and studied under control conditions (n = 15) and 1 month after production of an anterior myocardial infarction (n = 42). The protocol consisted in occluding the left circumflex coronary artery for 2 min, commencing at the last minute of an exercise stress test and extending through the first minute after cessation of exercise. With this protocol, ventricular fibrillation was observed in 40% of normal dogs and 66% of dogs with infarction. In 14 dogs with infarction, left stellectomy reduced the incidence of ventricular fibrillation to zero (p less than .001). The reflex changes in heart rate elicited within the first minute of ischemia during exercise in the animals that survived (from 204 +/- 14 to 198 +/- 31 beats/min, -6) were opposite those in animals that had ventricular fibrillation (from 208 +/- 24 to 229 +/- 30 beats/min, +21) (p less than .05). The ischemia-induced reduction in heart rate despite continuation of exercise suggests the presence in the dogs that survived of active vagal reflexes that may have played an important role in the maintenance of cardiac electrical stability. This preparation has the potential to induce ventricular fibrillation consistently in conscious animals by the interaction of a few clinically relevant factors (acute myocardial ischemia, submaximal exercise and its cessation, sympathetic and vagal reflexes, and heart rate) and offers the possibility of acquiring further insights into the mechanisms of malignant arrhythmias and evaluating novel strategies for targeted prevention.
Abstract 2263: Prognostic significance of miR-215 in colon cancer
Authors: Mihriban Karaayvaz, Timothy Pal, Bo Song, Cecilia Zhang, Penelope Georgakopoulos, Saira Mehmood, Stephanie Burke, Kenneth Shroyer, Jingfang Ju
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: We have previously shown that miR-215 suppressed the expression of key targets such as thymidylate synthase (TS), dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and denticleless protein homolog (DTL) in colon cancer. miR-215 is a tumor suppressor candidate due to the up-regulation of p53 and p21 by targeting DTL. However, high levels of miR-215 conferred chemoresistance due to cell cycle arrest and reduced cell proliferation by suppressing DTL. In this study, the clinical significance of miR-215 was further investigated as a potential prognostic biomarker in colon cancer patients. Methods: Total RNAs were extracted from 34 paired normal and colon (stage II and III) tumor specimens using Trizol based approach. The levels of miR-215 and a closely related miR-192 were quantified using real time qRT-PCR expression analysis. The expression of DTL mRNA and protein were quantified by real time qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression levels of miR-192 (p=0.0008) and miR-215 (p&amp;lt;0.0001) were significantly decreased in colon tumors compared to normal tissues. DTL was significantly over-expressed and was inversely correlated with miR-215, further suggesting an in vivo physiological relevance of miR-215 mediated DTL suppression. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed that high levels of miR-215 expression (hazard ratio, 0.36; log rank test, p=0.04) are closely associated with poor patient's overall survival. Furthermore, an elevated expression of a miR-215 target protein DTL was detected in colon cancer tissues while no expression was present in normal tissues. Conclusion: miR-215 has a unique potential as a prognostic and diagnostic biomarker in stage II and III colon cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2263. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2263
Wound sepsis after cholecystectomy: effect of incidental appendicectomy.
Authors: A V Pollock, M Evans
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The records of a consecutive series of 224 patients were analysed to discover the effect of incidental appendicectomy on the wound sepsis rate after cholecystectomy. One hundred and five patients had had a cholecystectomy alone and 119 cholecystectomy with incidental appendicectomy. The incidence of wound sepsis in patients not given adequate antibiotic prophylaxis was significantly lower (16-1%) when cholecystectomy alone was carried out than when the appendix was removed as well (41-1%).
Identification of Key Regions and Genes Important in the Pathogenesis of Sézary Syndrome by Combining Genomic and Expression Microarrays
Authors: Elisabetta Caprini, Cristina Cristofoletti, Diego Arcelli, Paolo Fadda, Mauro Helmer Citterich, Francesca Sampogna, Armando Magrelli, Federica Censi, Paola Torreri, Marina Frontani, Enrico Scala, Maria Cristina Picchio, Paola Temperani, Alessandro Monopoli, Giuseppe Alfonso Lombardo, Domenica Taruscio, Maria Grazia Narducci, Giandomenico Russo
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract In this study, we used single nucleotide polymorphism and comparative genomic hybridization array to study DNA copy number changes and loss of heterozygosity for 28 patients affected by Sézary syndrome (SS), a rare form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Our data identified, further confirming previous studies, recurrent losses of 17p13.2-p11.2 and 10p12.1-q26.3 occurring in 71% and 68% of cases, respectively; common gains were detected for 17p11.2-q25.3 (64%) and chromosome 8/8q (50%). Moreover, we identified novel genomic lesions recurring in &amp;gt;30% of tumors: loss of 9q13-q21.33 and gain of 10p15.3-10p12.2. Individual chromosomal aberrations did not show a significant correlation with prognosis; however, when more than three recurrent chromosomal alterations (gain or loss) were considered, a statistical association was observed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Integrating mapping and transcriptional data, we were able to identify a total of 113 deregulated transcripts in aberrant chromosomal regions that included cancer-related genes such as members of the NF-κB pathway (BAG4, BTRC, NKIRAS2, PSMD3, and TRAF2) that might explain its constitutive activation in CTCL. Matching this list of genes with those discriminating patients with different survival times, we identify several common candidates that might exert critical roles in SS, such as BUB3 and PIP5K1B. Altogether, our study confirms and maps more precisely the regions of gain and loss and, combined to transcriptional profiles, suggests a novel set of genes of potential interest in SS. [Cancer Res 2009;69(21):8438–46]
Efficacy of a Combination of Cefotaxime, Tobramycin and Vancomycin as Antibiotic Therapy for Neutropenia
Authors: F. Brunet, J. J. Lanore, J. F. Dhainaut, F. Dreyfus, M. F. Huyghebaert, B. Varet, J. F. Monsallier
Journal: Drugs (1988)
Have editors got their priorities right?
Authors: A. Ferriman
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Whistleblower claims they are more worried about being sued for libel than about ensuring research is valid 

Journal editors are much more frightened of being sued for libel by academics or drug companies than they are of publishing fraudulent research, the whistleblower Peter Wilmshurst claimed last week.

And he should know. He has spent the last 25 years of his life trying to expose cases of research misconduct (reporting more than 20 doctors to the General Medical Council), and has found it an uphill struggle. His career has suffered and he has received many brickbats and few bouquets.

Dr Wilmshurst, a consultant cardiologist at the Royal Shrewsbury Hospital NHS Trust, was describing his experiences to the annual meeting of HealthWatch, an organisation set up to campaign against health fraud. Television presenter Nick Ross presented him with the organisation's annual award for his courage in challenging misconduct in medical research.

Dr Wilmshurst explained how he knew that journal editors were more worried by libel …
In Vitro Measurement of the Length of the Sphincter of Oddi
Authors: D. Teilum
Journal: Endoscopy (1991)

A study to determine the length of the sphincter of Oddi was performed using 148 autopsy specimens with adjacent structures obtained from adults. The median diameter of the common bile duct was 7 mm (range 4-13 mm). The median intramural length of the sphincter measured at gross examination of 75 specimens was 14 mm (range 7-22 mm); the median length of the common channel between the common bile and pancreatic ducts was 3 mm (range 0-9 mm). Longitudinal histological preparations for microscopic examination were made of 73 specimens. The median extramural length of the sphincter was 5 mm (range 1-11 mm). No associations were found between the length of the sphincter, intramural or extramural, and the diameter of the common bile duct, age, sex, presence of stones in the gallbladder or the postcholecystectomy state, nor was there an association between the intramural and extramural length of the sphincter (p greater than 0.05).
Non-Detectable IgE Binding of an Amb a 1 Derived, Contiguous Overlapping Peptide Based, SIT Product Candidate Against Ragweed Allergy
Authors: Christophe Reymond, Alexander Kettner, Valerie Boand, Adrien Manighetti, Anne-Christine Thierry, Regine Audran, Francois Spertini
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2013)
Abstract 2325: Thrombospondin 1 inhibits angiogenesis in liver metastases but not lung metastases due to differential cleavage activity of ADAMTS1
Authors: Daniel L. Karl, Yoon Jin Lee, Moritz Koch, Antoni X. Torres-Collado, Namali T. Fernando, Courtney Rothrock, Darshini Kuruppu, Sandra Ryeom, M. Luisa Iruela-Arispe, Sam S. Yoon
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Background: Metastases to any organ site require angiogenesis for tumor expansion. Tumor angiogenesis is restrained by a variety of endogenous inhibitors including thrombospondin 1 (TSP1). The principal anti-angiogenic activity of TSP1 resides in a domain containing 3 TSP1 repeats (3TSR), and TSP1 cleavage is regulated, in part, by the metalloproteinase ADAMTS1. Methods and Results: Wild-type B16F10 melanoma cells formed increased liver metastases in Tsp1-null mice compared to controls but equivalent lung metastases in Tsp1-null mice and controls. Stable cell lines of B16F10, CT26 colon carcinoma, and RenCa renal carcinoma overexpressing full-length TSP1 or 3TSR were generated. Metastases from CT26 and RenCa cell lines over-expressing TSP1 were reduced in liver but not in lung. To determine why TSP1 blocked metastatic tumor growth in the liver but not the lung, we examined cleavage of recombinant TSP1 protein by liver and lung lysates and found that liver lysate cleaved TSP1 into its 3TSR domain much more efficiently that lung lysate. TSP1-mediated inhibition of CT26 lung metastases was restored when only the 3TSR domain was over-expressed rather than full-length TSP1. Liver lysate cleavage activity was significantly abrogated when ADAMTS1 activity was (1) neutralized using ADAMTS-1 antibody, (2) knocked down by lentiviral shRNA, or (3) absent in Adamts1-null liver lysate. Livers metastases generated from B16F10 cells over-expressing TSP1 in Adamts1-haploinsufficient mice demonstrated accelerated growth compared to growth in wild-type mice. Conclusions: TSP1 inhibits the growth of liver metastases but not lung metastases secondary to differential cleavage of TSP1 into anti-angiogenic fragments by ADAMTS1. This study emphasizes the importance of host organ environment in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2325.
A Form of Matchmaking: Bringing Physicians, Other Scientists Together With Reporters
Authors: Phil Gunby
Journal: JAMA (1987)

MAVEN is an "in" word these days. And it may be just the title for Ben Patrusky, who has become more experienced and knowledgeable—as a maven usually is defined—about a variety of science reporters seminars than almost anyone else in the nation. "I think of myself as a reporter," says Patrusky, who indeed spends much of his time in free-lance science reporting, primarily for magazines. When he is helping to set up a seminar—as he has done for the American Heart Association, Council for the Advancement of Science Writing, Ford Foundation, Research to Prevent Blindness, National Kidney Foundation, and other organizations—he says, "I'm more the reporters' ally than the [sponsoring] organization's ally." He has turned down some offers, Patrusky says, because "they wanted me to merely orchestrate the decisions they already had made." No editor sends a science reporter to one of these seminars "just to get educated," Patrusky says.
Health Impact Assessment
Authors: Anna García-Altés
Journal: BMJ (2005)

T hose of us working in the healthcare sector sometimes tend to forget the big picture. When thinking about what influences health we usually think of health related services and individual choices and lifestyles. Although these are important, other issues have more influence on the health of individuals and communities, such as education, employment and working conditions, sanitation, housing, and income. Eds John Kemm, Jayne Parry, Stephen Palmer Oxford University Press, £34.50, pp 450 ISBN 0 19 852629 6 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> Health impact assessment is an emerging tool in the field of public health, the … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif