tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Connotations of "Exuberant"
Authors: Dana H. Murphy
Journal: JAMA (1975)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Dr. Hugh H. Hussey (230:1436, 1974) expresses disapproval of the copy editor for whom the phrase "exuberant growth" was a questionable usage of the word "exuberant"; she was unable, he alleges, to "recognize an elegant use of a word when she saw it." I rather suspect that it was her sensitivity to the whole penumbra of word usage we term "connotation" that made her dubious of "exuberant" in a context of neoplasm. "Exuberant" stems from the Latin verb<i>exubero</i>, meaning "to grow richly or thickly," and in most Latin literature,<i>exubero</i>is used in connection with descriptions of fields of grain, and of vineyards. This Latin usage has carried over into our own tongue, so that while "exuberant" does have a literal meaning of "abundantly prolific," it retains its connotative connection with fruitfulness and beneficence. The<i>Oxford English Dictionary</i>gives "abounding in health and vitality" as one
Nonspecific Granulomatous Inflammation of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Authors: Perry B. Miller, David J. Sandweiss, Harry Shwaghman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1956)

IN their classic description of regional ileitis in 1932, A Crohn, Ginzburg and Oppenheimer1 expressed the opinion that this condition involves the terminal ileum. Shortly thereafter it was shown that this nonspecific granulomatous process may involve the colon, jejunum,2 3 4 5 and more rarely the duodenum6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 and stomach.7 , 12 , 17 , 19 In 1954 Heffernon and Kepkay7 described a case of chronic nonspecific segmental inflammation of the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum and ileum.The patient in the case presented below had widespread nonspecific granulomatous inflammation of the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon in which the pathological findings resembled in many respects those seen in patients . . .
The Mind-body Unity in the Light of Recent Physiological Evidence
Authors: H. Weiner
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1970)

Psychosomatic research findings and concepts carry with them an implication of a dualistic position on the mind-body problem. In the light of present neurobiological evidence a dualistic position can no longer be supported. There is some evidence in favor of an isomorphism between mind and brain and mind and body, and more extensive evidence supports a modified identity theory. The evidence is briefly reviewed in this paper.
Sequence of administration and methylation of SOCS3 may govern response to gemtuzumab ozogamicin in combination with conventional chemotherapy in patients with refractory or relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)
Authors: Iris Middeldorf, Oliver Galm, Rainhardt Osieka, Edgar Jost, James G. Herman, Stefan Wilop
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

In older patients suffering from acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), aggressive chemotherapy is accompanied with high treatment-related morbidity and mortality. Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), a humanized monoclonal anti-CD33 antibody, represents a well tolerated treatment option, but optimal treatment schedules are still unknown. Additionally, Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) inhibits the CD33-induced block on cytokine-induced proliferation. Consequently, a variable response of AML cells to anti-CD33-targeted therapy may be caused by modulation of SOCS3 expression. Twenty-four patients with refractory or relapsed CD33-positive AML received GO as a single agent before or after conventional chemotherapy. The methylation status of the SOCS3 CpG island was assessed by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. Response (RR) and overall survival (OS) were significantly higher in 16 patients receiving chemotherapy before GO (RR 81%, OS 14.8 months) compared to three patients who received GO single agent therapy (RR 33%, OS 7.2 months) or 16 with GO before chemotherapy (RR 0% OS 2.2 months, P = 0.01 for RR and P < 0.001 for OS). Methylation of the SOCS3 CpG island was found in 8/24 patients. There was a trend towards a higher RR and longer OS in patients with SOCS3 hypermethylation (RR 86%, OS 25.1 months) compared to unmethylated SOCS3 (RR 56%, OS 10.3 months, P = 0.09). Administration of GO a few days after chemotherapy seems to provide better response and survival compared to administration of GO directly before chemotherapy. The potential role of SOCS3 hypermethylation as a biomarker should be further investigated in patients undergoing GO containing therapies.
Effect of Cognitive-Behavioral Couple Therapy for PTSD
Authors: Candice M. Monson, Steffany J. Fredman, Alexandra Macdonald, Nicole D. Pukay-Martin, Patricia A. Resick, Paula P. Schnurr
Journal: JAMA (2012)

<h3>Context</h3>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent condition associated with intimate relationship problems, and intimate relationship factors have been shown to affect individual PTSD treatment outcomes.<h3>Objective</h3>To compare cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy for PTSD (a manualized couple therapy delivered to patients with PTSD and their significant others to simultaneously treat PTSD symptoms and enhance relationship satisfaction) with a wait-list condition.<h3>Design, Setting, and Participants</h3>Randomized controlled trial of heterosexual and same-sex couples (n = 40 couples; n = 80 individuals) in which one partner met criteria for PTSD according to the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale, conducted from 2008 to 2012 in a Department of Veterans Affairs outpatient hospital setting in Boston, Massachusetts, and a university-based research center in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Symptoms of PTSD, comorbid conditions, and relationship satisfaction were collected by blinded assessors at baseline, at mid treatment (median, 8.00 weeks [range, 1.71-20.43 weeks] after baseline), and at posttreatment (median, 15.86 weeks [range, 7.14-38.57 weeks] after baseline). An uncontrolled 3-month follow-up (median, 38.21 weeks [range, 28.43-50.57 weeks] after baseline) was also completed.<h3>Intervention</h3>Couples were randomly assigned to take part in the 15-session cognitive-behavioral conjoint therapy for PTSD protocol immediately (n = 20) or were placed on a wait list for the therapy (n = 20).<h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3>Clinician-rated PTSD symptom severity was the primary outcome and was assessed with the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale. Intimate relationship satisfaction, assessed with the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, patient- and partner-rated PTSD symptoms, and comorbid symptoms were secondary outcomes.<h3>Results</h3>PTSD symptom severity (score range, 0-136) was significantly more improved in the couple therapy condition than in the wait-list condition (mean change difference, −23.21; 95% CI, −37.87 to −8.55). Similarly, patients' intimate relationship satisfaction (score range, 0-151) was significantly more improved in couple therapy than in the wait-list condition (mean change difference, 9.43; 95% CI, 0.04-18.83). The time × condition interaction effect in the multilevel model predicting PTSD symptoms (t<sub>37.5</sub> = −3.09; P = .004) and patient-reported relationship satisfaction (t<sub>68.5</sub> = 2.00; P = .049) revealed superiority of the couple therapy compared with the wait list. Treatment effects were maintained at 3-month follow-up.<h3>Conclusion</h3>Among couples in which one partner was diagnosed as having PTSD, a disorder-specific couple therapy, compared with a wait list for the therapy, resulted in decreased PTSD symptom severity and patient comorbid symptom severity and increased patient relationship satisfaction.<h3>Trial Registration</h3>clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00669981
Benchmarking the Physician Workforce
Authors: Martin H. Floch
Journal: JAMA (1997)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In their article on benchmarking the US physician workforce,<sup>1</sup>Dr Goodman and associates reported on a new experimental projection technique to analyze the physician workforce. The authors analyzed a large health maintenance organization, a hospital referral region dominated by managed care in 1 city, and a hospital referral region dominated by fee for service in another city in 3 different geographic areas. The data were collected from 3 small geographic areas within this large country, and the authors state this new technique cannot be considered a true polling of the health care system of the country. The data show tremendous variation within the 3 areas reviewed. However, if tremendous variation exists in the 3 areas studied and the data represent a small nonstatistically significant population, then no clear conclusions can be drawn relative to the entire health care system. In an accompanying Editorial, Dr Schroeder<sup>2</sup>
TCT- 521 Impact of tibial artery calcification pattern on the outcomes of below the knee intervention
Authors: In Sook Kang, Young-Guk Ko, Jung-Hee Lee, Dong-Ho Shin, Byeong-Keuk Kim, Jung-Sun Kim, Donghoon Choi, Myeong-Ki Hong, Yangsoo Jang
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Inhibitory effects of heparin, aspirin and ketanserin on coronary artery vasoconstriction after arterial balloon injury in hypercholesterolemic miniature pigs
Authors: Takeshi Kuga, Yuichi Ohara, Hiroshi Hata, Youji Hirakawa, Akira Takeshita, Hitonobu Tomoike
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
Synthesis and antidiabetic activity of β-acetamido ketones
Authors: Xing-hua Zhang, Ju-fang Yan, Li Fan, Gong-bao Wang, Da-cheng Yang
Journal: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B (2011)

This paper reports the use of trifluoroacetic acid as a catalyst in the Dakin–West reaction for the synthesis of β-acetamido ketones. The method has several advantages such as requiring only mild conditions and a low concentration of catalyst. Screening of 19 β-acetamido ketones for antidiabetic activity in vitro showed that their activity as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists and as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-IV) inhibitors was fairly weak.
Medical Educators' Views on Medical Education Reform
Authors: Joel C. Cantor, Alan B. Cohen, Dianne C. Barker, Annie Lea Shuster, Richard C. Reynolds
Journal: JAMA (1991)

To determine whether medical educators perceive a need for change in medical student education, we analyzed data from a 1989 survey of 1369 respondents from all US schools of allopathic medicine. Except for basic sciences faculty, a majority of educators stated that "fundamental changes" are needed in medical student education in the United States. Nearly three fourths of deans and associated deans reported the need for "fundamental changes" or "thorough reform." At least 79% of educators voiced support for six specific reforms, such as rewarding teaching excellence and increasing clinical education in ambulatory and community settings. While slight majorities supported reducing class size and centralizing governance, substantial proportions stated that they would "work against" such reforms. Most educators reported that a broad base of support within the school would be essential for change. The survey suggests a restlessness among the leaders of medical education. (<i>JAMA</i>. 1991;265:1002-1006)
A CASE OF RUPTURED SPLEEN: SPLENECTOMY: RECOVERY
Authors: H. J. Clarke
Journal: BMJ (1912)

ufficient time had hardly elapsed to judge of tlhe results.Mr. Fagge speaks of the advantage of this metlhod of operation in strangulated femoral hernia, and lie suggests that Gimbernat's ligament may be divided outside the sac through the inguinal incision in the external oblique.In division of the constricting band causing strangulation outside the sac, either in inguinal or femoral hernia, it is necessary to be careful that while one's attention is given to this division, a very small piece of strangulated intestine-perhaps only a Richtet's hernia-does not slip back unobserved as soon as the constriction is divided, and therefore before we have time to make the examination of the groove of constriction for perforation, wbhieh is so important to do.
IL-5 T-cell responses to house dust mite are associated with the development of allergen-specific IgE responses and asthma in the first 5 years of life
Authors: Christina Weber-Chrysochoou, Daniel Crisafulli, Catarina Almqvist, Qiang Li, Andrew S. Kemp, Warwick J. Britton, Guy B. Marks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Psoriasis and adnexal structures
Authors: R.P.R. Dawber
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1981)

Journal Article Psoriasis and adnexal structures Get access R.P.R. Dawber R.P.R. Dawber Dermatology Department, Slade Hospital, Headington, Oxford 0X3 7JH Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 105, Issue 3, 1 September 1981, Pages 357–359, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1981.tb01296.x Published: 01 September 1981
Outcomes of Routine Episiotomy
Authors: Katherine Hartmann, Meera Viswanathan, Rachel Palmieri, Gerald Gartlehner, John Thorp, Kathleen N. Lohr
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Episiotomy at the time of vaginal birth is common. Practice patterns vary widely, as do professional opinions about maternal risks and benefits associated with routine use.To systematically review the best evidence available about maternal outcomes of routine vs restrictive use of episiotomy.We searched MEDLINE, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, and Cochrane Collaboration resources and performed a hand search for English-language articles from 1950 to 2004. We included randomized controlled trials of routine episiotomy or type of episiotomy that assessed outcomes in the first 3 postpartum months, along with trials and prospective studies that assessed longer-term outcomes. Twenty-six of 986 screened articles provided relevant data. We entered data into abstraction forms and conducted a second review for accuracy. Each article was also scored for research quality.Fair to good evidence from clinical trials suggests that immediate maternal outcomes of routine episiotomy, including severity of perineal laceration, pain, and pain medication use, are not better than those with restrictive use. Evidence is insufficient to provide guidance on choice of midline vs mediolateral episiotomy. Evidence regarding long-term sequelae is fair to poor. Incontinence and pelvic floor outcomes have not been followed up into the age range in which women are most likely to have sequelae. With this caveat, relevant studies are consistent in demonstrating no benefit from episiotomy for prevention of fecal and urinary incontinence or pelvic floor relaxation. Likewise, no evidence suggests that episiotomy reduces impaired sexual function--pain with intercourse was more common among women with episiotomy.Evidence does not support maternal benefits traditionally ascribed to routine episiotomy. In fact, outcomes with episiotomy can be considered worse since some proportion of women who would have had lesser injury instead had a surgical incision.
Low levels of HIV-1 infection in cutaneous dendritic cells promote extensive viral replication upon binding to memory CD4+ T cells.
Authors: M Pope, S Gezelter, N Gallo, L Hoffman, R M Steinman
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Earlier work has identified a cell population that replicates HIV-1 in the absence of standard T cell stimuli. The system consists of dendritic cells and memory T lymphocytes that emigrate from organ cultures of human skin and together support a productive infection with HIV-1. These emigrants resemble cells that can be found in mucous membranes and that normally traffic in afferent lymph. Here, we report that a low level of infection in the dendritic cell can initiate extensive HIV-1 replication in cocultures with T cells. First we extended our earlier work to larger skin specimens from cadavers. As long as the organ cultures were set up within 36 h of death, the emigrant leukocytes were comparable to cells from fresh surgical specimens in number, phenotype, and function. These mixtures of dendritic cells and T cells provided the milieu for a productive infection with several virus isolates. When purified dendritic cells were separately pulsed with virus and then mixed with T cells that had not been pulsed with HIV-1, active infection ensued. The infectivity of HIV-pulsed dendritic cells persisted for at least 1.5 d in culture, but was blocked if AZT was added during that time to block reverse transcription in the dendritic cells. The number of copies of proviral DNA in the dendritic cells corresponded to &amp;lt; 100 copies per 5 X 10(4) cells, but upon mixing with T cells, &amp;gt; 10(4) copies were found 5-7 d later. By contacting syngeneic T cells, extralymphoid depots of dendritic cells--even with a low viral burden as has been reported in vivo--may contribute to chronic HIV-1 replication in infected individuals.
Taurine: The comeback of a neutraceutical in the prevention of retinal degenerations
Authors: Nicolas Froger, Larissa Moutsimilli, Lucia Cadetti, Firas Jammoul, Qing-Ping Wang, Yichao Fan, David Gaucher, Serge G. Rosolen, Nathalie Neveux, Luc Cynober, José-Alain Sahel, Serge Picaud
Journal: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research (2014)
Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, triglycerides, and enzyme induction.
Authors: P J Martin, J V Martin, D M Goldberg
Journal: BMJ (1975)

A study conducted on 109 consecutive patients submitted for routine lipid and lipoprotein screening has shown a significant positive association between serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) activity and the serum triglyceride concentration and between serum gamma-GT activity and the serum pre-beta-lipoprotein concentration. We suggest that these associations may reflect hepatic microsomal enzyme induction in hyperlipidaemic subjects which increases the hepatic content of the rate-limiting enzyme(s) for triglyceride synthesis.
Differentiation of type 1 T regulatory cells (Tr1) by tolerogenic DC-10 requires the IL-10–dependent ILT4/HLA-G pathway
Authors: Silvia Gregori, Daniela Tomasoni, Valentina Pacciani, Miriam Scirpoli, Manuela Battaglia, Chiara Francesca Magnani, Ehud Hauben, Maria-Grazia Roncarolo
Journal: Blood (2010)
Necrotizing granulomatosis of the breast
Authors: R.M. TRÜEB, M. PERICIN, E. KOHLER, J. BARANDUN, G. BURG
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1997)

We describe a case of necrotizing granulomatosis of Wegener's type involving the breasts of a 40-year-old man. There were no signs of generalized disease. Involvement of the breast is rare in Wegener's granulomatosis (WG). To date, 17 cases have been reported, and all were women. They predominantly presented with a unilateral breast mass, and mammary malignancy was the principal concern. In the majority of cases, breast lesions of WG have been a presenting sign of, or preceded, disseminated disease. Our patient is unusual in that the necrotizing granulomas developed as an isolated finding in a site remote from those usually affected by WG, and, as far as we are aware, represents the first case of Wegener's type granulomatosis involving the male breast.
The Training of Physician's Assistants
Authors: Harold C. Sox, Carol H. Sox, Richard K. Tompkins
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Abstract A large-scale audit of patient records was used to educate and evaluate physician's assistants. Clinical algorithms (sets of step-by-step instructions for solving a medical problem) for 11 acute medical complaints were used in patient care by physician's assistant trainees. Each algorithm had a corresponding checklist medical-record form, which was filled out by the physician's assistant as he saw the patient. A computer program analyzed the data from each checklist to determine if the algorithm had been followed correctly. Checklist records from 3024 patients showed that a physician's assistant could have evaluated 45 per cent of these patients accurately without direct physician involvement if he had correctly followed the algorithm logic. This clinical algorithm system provides guidance in problem solving and also measures the ability of a trainee to follow instructions. (N Engl J Med 288:818–824, 1973)
Bone metabolism in obese rats programmed by early weaning
Authors: Lígia de Albuquerque Maia, Patrícia Cristina Lisboa, Elaine de Oliveira, Natália da Silva Lima, Inaya Correa Barbosa Lima, Ricardo Tadeu Lopes, Leandro Dias Gonçalves Ruffoni, Keico Okino Nonaka, Egberto Gaspar de Moura
Journal: Metabolism (2013)
Screening Using Compressed Digital Retinal Images Successfully Identifies Retinopathy
Authors: Graham P. Leese, Angela Ellingford, Andrew D. Morris, John D. Ellis, Scott Cunningham
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Digital retinal photographs can be integrated into a computerized network that more easily enables communication and quality assurance (1). Image compression overcomes the difficulty of transmitting and storing large file sizes. Concern has been raised that major compression of ≥70% results in clinically significant loss of retinal detail with inadequate screening sensitivities (2). It is unclear whether low levels of compression result in loss of screening sensitivity compared with the original bit-map image.

We used a Topcon TRC-NW6S nonmydriatic fundus camera with a Sony DXC950P to photograph …
Detection of Prostate and Colon Cancer
Authors: Scott Stern
Journal: JAMA (1998)

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G-Protein Receptor Kinases (grKs) Play an Important Regulatory Role in the K/BxN Serum Transfer Model of Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: T.K. Tarrant, R.R. Rampersad, C.G. Moore, L.R. Rothlein, R.M. Lefkowitz, D.M. Lee, D.D. Patel
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)