tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Practice Parameters and the Malpractice Liability of Physicians
Authors: Edward B. Hirshfeld
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
New procedures are needed for climate talks in Mexico in 2010
Authors: R. McKie
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Negotiators from the 193 nations that took part in the Copenhagen climate summit will now begin the arduous task of reinvigorating talks aimed at achieving a global agreement to halt world temperature rises. Their key objective will be to find ways to reform the negotiating processes involved in preparing for major international talks in future.

Most analysts believe that this month’s summit became bogged down by its cumbersome agenda, while Prime Minister Gordon Brown claimed that the talks had been “held to ransom” by a small group of nations. “We will need to look at reforming our international institutions to meet the common challenges,” he added.

The Copenhagen summit had been expected to agree legally binding …
Quadrivalent HPV vaccine reduced risk for HPV infection and related disease in women 24 to 45 years of age
Authors: Bruno P. Granwehr
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2009)

Source Citation Muñoz N, Manalastas R Jr, Pitisuttithum P, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of quadrivalent human papillomavirus (types 6, 11, 16, 18) recombinant vaccine in women aged 24-45 years: a randomised, double-blind trial. Lancet. 2009;373:1949-57. 19493565
The History of Histoplasmosis, 1906 to 1956
Authors: Jan Schwarz, Gerald L. Baum
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1957)

HISTOPLASMOSIS is a fungous disease that is almost world wide in distribution but is most frequently seen in an area of the United States roughly defined as the Mississippi Valley. Millions of persons become infected with the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, but comparatively few show signs of the disease.The organism causing the disease is H. capsulatum, which forms small, slightly ovoid cells of 1 to 5 microns in diameter in the animal body but grows as a mold on artificial mediums at room temperature. The disease has been found in man and animal; the organism has been isolated from soil, . . .
Trends in Health Care Coverage and Financing and Their Implications for Policy
Authors: Barbara Markham Smith
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

The nation's preoccupation with the transformation of the health care delivery system to managed care has tended to obscure the importance of a number of other, simultaneous trends. These include the declining ability of health care providers to deliver uncompensated care,1 the declining proportion of people with private insurance, despite a robust economy,2 the continued growth in the total number of uninsured people,2 an expected increase in the rate of inflation in health care costs,3 and budget reductions in Medicare and Medicaid. Some of these trends, such as the decline in uncompensated care, result directly from widespread managed care; others . . .
Case 35-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, William I. Norwood, Thomas H. Aretz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseA 30-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of a question of a pericardial tumor.He was in excellent health and asymptomatic. Four months earlier a routine x-ray film of the chest showed a mass adjacent to the left cardiac border. A tuberculin skin test, performed elsewhere, was reported to be negative. The patient was referred to a cardiologist at another hospital, who found no abnormality on physical examination. An electrocardiogram revealed a prominent Q wave in Lead aVL. X-ray films of the chest disclosed a density, 3 by 6 cm, at the left cardiac border. . . .
Reattendance and complications in a randomised trial of prescribing strategies for sore throat: the medicalising effect of prescribing antibiotics
Authors: P Little, C Gould, I Williamson, G Warner, M Gantley, A L Kinmonth
Journal: BMJ (1997)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To assess the medicalising effect of prescribing antibiotics for sore throat. <b>Setting:</b> 11 general practices in England. <b>Design:</b> Randomised trial of three approaches to sore throat: a 10 day prescription of antibiotics, no antibiotics, or a delayed prescription if the sore throat had not started to settle after three days. <b>Patients:</b> 716 patients aged 4 and over with sore throat and an abnormal physical sign: 84% had tonsillitis or pharyngitis. <b>Outcome measures:</b> Number and rate of patients making a first return with sore throat, pharyngitis, or tonsillitis. Early returns (within two weeks) and complications (otitis media, sinusitis, quinsy). Outcomes were documented in 675 subjects (94%). <b>Results:</b> Mean follow up time was similar (antibiotic group 1.07 years, other two groups 1.03 years). More of those initially prescribed antibiotics initially returned to the surgery with sore throat (38% <i>v</i> 27%, adjusted hazard ratio for return 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.03 to 1.89). Antibiotics prescribed for sore throat during the previous year had an additional effect (hazard ratio 1.69, 1.20 to 2.37). Longer duration of illness (&gt; 5 days) was associated with increased return within six weeks (hazard ratio 2.90, 1.70 to 4.92). Prior attendance with upper respiratory conditions was also associated with increased reattendance. There was no difference between groups in early return (13/238 (5.5%) <i>v</i> 27/437 (6%)), or complications (2/236 (0.8%) <i>v</i>3/434 (0.7%)). <b>Conclusions:</b> Complications and early return resulting from no or delayed prescribing of antibiotics for sore throat are rare. Both current and previous prescribing for sore throat increase reattendance. To avoid medicalising a self limiting illness doctors should avoid antibiotics or offer a delayed prescription for most patients with sore throat. <h3>Key messages</h3> Sore throat is one of the commonest presentations of upper respiratory illness in primary care and attendence is increasing Complications are rare with no, or delayed, antibiotic prescription Prescribing antibiotics increases reattendance for future episodes Unless patients are very ill general practitioners should consider exploring concerns, explain the natural history, and avoid or delay prescribing antibiotics
Obesity Promotes Breast Cancer by CCL2-Mediated Macrophage Recruitment and Angiogenesis
Authors: Lisa M. Arendt, Jessica McCready, Patricia J. Keller, Dana D. Baker, Stephen P. Naber, Victoria Seewaldt, Charlotte Kuperwasser
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Obesity is one of the most important preventable causes of cancer and the most significant risk factor for breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Compared with lean women, obese women are more likely to be diagnosed with a larger, higher grade tumor, an increased incidence of lymph node metastases, and elevated risk of distant recurrence. However, the mechanisms connecting obesity to the pathogenesis of breast cancer are poorly defined. Here, we show that during obesity, adipocytes within human and mouse breast tissues recruit and activate macrophages through a previously uncharacterized CCL2/IL-1β/CXCL12 signaling pathway. Activated macrophages in turn promote stromal vascularization and angiogenesis even before the formation of cancer. Recapitulating these changes using a novel humanized breast cancer model was sufficient to promote angiogenesis and prime the microenvironment prior to neoplastic transformation for accelerated breast oncogenesis. These findings provide a mechanistic role for adipocytes and macrophages before carcinogenesis that may be critical for prevention and treatment of obesity-related cancer. Cancer Res; 73(19); 6080–93. ©2013 AACR.
Echocardiography in Truncus Arteriosus
Authors: KYUNG J. CHUNG, CHLOE G. ALEXSON, JAMES A. MANNING, RAYMOND GRAMIAK
Journal: Circulation (1973)

Nine patients with a clinical presentation suggestive of truncus arteriosus were examined by echocardiography. Subsequent intracardiac studies including cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography divided this group into five patients with truncus arteriosus and four patients with other congenital heart diseases. In all patients with proven truncus arteriosus, it was possible to identify only one semilunar valve with a large truncal vessel overriding the ventricular septum. In none of these patients could a second semilunar valve be found. This study indicates that echocardiography may provide a direct, yet noninvasive method to exclude the diagnosis of truncus arteriosus by finding the pulmonic valve. However, the diagnosis of truncus arteriosus is not tenable when based solely on the inability to demonstrate the pulmonic valve. The importance of the clinical application of this method is discussed.
Locus-specific epigenetic remodeling controls addiction- and depression-related behaviors
Authors: Elizabeth A Heller, Hannah M Cates, Catherine J Peña, Haosheng Sun, Ningyi Shao, Jian Feng, Sam A Golden, James P Herman, Jessica J Walsh, Michelle Mazei-Robison, Deveroux Ferguson, Scott Knight, Mark A Gerber, Christian Nievera, Ming-Hu Han, Scott J Russo, Carol S Tamminga, Rachael L Neve, Li Shen, H Steve Zhang, Feng Zhang, Eric J Nestler
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
Ambulatory Medical Care Quality
Authors: Charles R. Kelley, Joseph J. Mamlin
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Prior to altering the pattern of medical care, a 10% sample of patients from the medical clinics of a university-related city hospital were evaluated to document aspects of the quality of medical care being given. Diagnostic outcomes were determined by data from specialized multiphasic screening that compared newly acquired medical data with physician knowledge of abnormalities recorded in the clinical record. Physicians were unaware of a variety of abnormalities in the 606 patients. These results were interpreted as unacceptable diagnostic outcomes and supported the impression that a breakdown in patient care existed. By delineating specific problem areas, this information has provided direction for the restructuring of ambulatory care.
A FATAL CUTANEO-INTESTINAL SYNDROME.
Authors: F. RAY BETTLEY
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1960)

Journal Article A FATAL CUTANEO‐INTESTINAL SYNDROME. Get access F. RAY BETTLEY, M.D., F.R.C.P. F. RAY BETTLEY, M.D., F.R.C.P. Physician for Diseases of the Skin, Middlesex Hospital, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 72, Issue 12, 1 December 1960, Pages 423–426, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1960.tb13835.x Published: 01 December 1960
Differential expression of the fractalkine chemokine receptor (CX3CR1) in human monocytes during differentiation
Authors: Cecilia Analia Panek, Maria Victoria Ramos, Maria Pilar Mejias, Maria Jimena Abrey-Recalde, Romina Jimena Fernandez-Brando, Maria Soledad Gori, Gabriela Verónica Salamone, Marina Sandra Palermo
Journal: Cellular and Molecular Immunology (2014)
Effect of Isocaloric Substitution of Chocolate Cake for Potato in Type I Diabetic Patients
Authors: Anne L Peters, Mayer B Davidson, Katharine Eisenberg
Journal: Diabetes Care (1990)

Traditional dietary advice given to people with diabetes includes eliminating simple sugars (primarily sucrose) from the diet. Many people have difficulty following this recommendation. Because patients with type I (insulindependent) diabetes do not need overall calorie restriction, there is no caloric reason to restrict sucrose. In this study, we looked at the effect of the isocaloric substitution of a piece of chocolate cake for a baked potato ina mixed meal to determine whether this would increase the blood glucose in patients with type I diabetes. The glucose response to a cake-added meal was significantly greater than to a standard meal. The glucose response was no different between a cake-substitution meal and a standard meal. The reproducibility studies showed no difference between repeated standard meals. The urinary glucose excretion was significantly greater after a cake-added meal butwas no different with the other pairs. There were no significant differencesin the counterregulatory hormone responses at baseline between any of the paired studies. In conclusion, patients with type I diabetes may substitute a sucrose-containing dessert for another carbohydrate in their diet without compromising their postprandial glucose response. These data suggest that a dessert exchange may be helpful and not harmful in the management of diabetic patients. There is an inherent variability (at least 16%) in an insulin-requiring patient's response to a meal, making self-monitoring of blood glucose and adjustment of insulin doses necessary to achieve near euglycemia.
The Treatment of Severe Hypertension with Propranolol.
Authors: B. N. C. Prichard
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1968)

s1 May 1968The Treatment of Severe Hypertension with Propranolol.B. N. C. Prichard, M.R.C.P., P. M. S. Gillam, M.R.C.P.B. N. C. Prichard, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, P. M. S. Gillam, M.R.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-68-5-1160_3 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe treatment of hypertension with drugs that interfere with activity of the sympathetic neuron renders the sympathetic less able to respond to acute physiological stress, often resulting in excessive postural and exercise hypotension. The hypotensive action of propranolol, a beta-adrenergic receptor blocking drug, has been previously reported (Prichard and Gillam, 1964; Prichard, 1966).In our series of 109 hypertensive patients treated with propranolol, we reported a group of 80 patients whose blood pressure had been previously controlled with bethanidine, guanethidine, or methyldopa. On these drugs that were previously administered46of the 80 patients achieved supineorstanding diastolic pressures... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: London, PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byChapter 5. Antihypertensive Drugs 1 May 1968Volume 68, Issue 5Page: 1160-1161KeywordsBlood pressureDrugsExerciseHypertensionHypotensionNeurons Issue Published: 1 May 1968 PDF downloadLoading ...
Case 50-1973
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Lawrie W. Powell, James J. Galdabini
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Presentation of CaseA 63-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of wheezing.For 20 years he was known to have pulmonary emphysema, manifested chiefly by severe exertional dyspnea, associated with a homozygous alpha1 antitrypsin deficiency. He had used bronchodilators for many years and for at least 10 years had taken prednisone, 15 mg daily. He gave no previous history of wheezing and had no cough or sputum except during frequent respiratory-tract infections. Pneumonia occurred once 17 years before entry.One year before admission mild congestive heart failure developed, and he was treated with digoxin and furosemide. Three . . .
Influence of particle size and chemical composition on efficiency of clearance mechanisms: electron microscopy studies on humans.
Authors: M Falchi, G Donelli, L Paoletti
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1994)

This article compares the presence of solid particles in lung parenchyma samples collected from accident victims and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid taken from patients diagnosed with pulmonary carcinoma. Analysis by electron microscopy showed differences in particle size between the two groups, which could be attributable both to differences in original particle size and to their solubility in the biological environment.
Pump and Brittle Circumstance
Authors: Samuel Vaisrub
Journal: JAMA (1980)

When told that someone we know is equipped with an electronic device, we might guess this to be a Holter monitor, a cardiac pacemaker, a sophisticated hearing aid, a carotid sinus inhibitor, an electrical nerve stimulator for intractable pain, or a respiratory trigger for phrenic nerve paralysis. That the device may be an insulin infusion pump is not likely to enter our minds. A regulated, continuous insulin infusion pump would respond to an obvious need. Despite many claims to the contrary, insulin-dependent diabetics cannot often, if ever, be properly cared for by diet and conventional depot insulin injections. It is difficult to attain homeostatic balance without feedback information on shifting glycemia in patients who have no appreciable insulin reserve. Homeostasis could be attained only by transplanting a pancreas or grafting pancreatic islets—procedures that would be ideal were it not for scarcity of donors and lifelong problems of immunosuppression. Less amibitous,
Obesity and the Body Image: II. Age at Onset of Disturbances in the Body Image
Authors: ALBERT STUNKARD, VICTOR BURT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1967)

This report comprises three interrelated studies undertaken to investigate the age at onset of the disturbances in body image reported by some obese persons. A group of 20 preadolescent girls, although subjected to derogation of their obesity by peers and parents, did not manifest the kind of body image disturbance reported by adults. Three of a group of ten obese children who reduced to normal weight during adolescence and maintained their weight loss reported the persistence of mild body image disturbance 20 years later. These findings, in conjunction with previous reports of onset of the disturbance during adolescence, suggest that adolescence is a critical period for the development of this disorder. Additional findings of two of these investigations contribute to our understanding of the natural history of obesity. Two kinds of weight histories are surprisingly uncommon: 1) of 189 obese adults, only two had been both obese as children and nonobese as adolescents; 2) only 17 percent of a group of obese children were normal-weight adults. In this group the odds against an obese child being a normal-weight adults. In this group the odds one; for those who did not reduce during adolescence they were more than 28 to one.
Mitochondrial targeting by use of lipid nanocapsules loaded with SV30, an analogue of the small-molecule Bcl-2 inhibitor HA14-1
Authors: M. Weyland, F. Manero, A. Paillard, D. Grée, G. Viault, D. Jarnet, P. Menei, P. Juin, I. Chourpa, J.-P. Benoit, R. Grée, E. Garcion
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2010)
Adenylate cyclase induces intracellular calcium increase in single human epidermal keratinocytes measured by fluorescence microscopy using Fura 2-AM
Authors: C. YASUI, H. KOIZUMI, T. FUKAYA, M. KUMAKIRI, A. OHKAWARA, T. UEDA
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1992)

Journal Article Adenylate cyclase induces intracellular calcium increase in single human epidermal keratinocytes measured by fluorescence microscopy using Fura 2‐AM Get access C. YASUI, C. YASUI Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H. KOIZUMI, H. KOIZUMI Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan Dr H. Koizumi, Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Kita 15 Nishi 7, Kita‐ku, Sapporo, 060 Japan. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. FUKAYA, T. FUKAYA Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. KUMAKIRI, M. KUMAKIRI Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar A. OHKAWARA, A. OHKAWARA Department of Dermatology, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar T. UEDA T. UEDA Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 127, Issue 6, 1 December 1992, Pages 589–594, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14871.x Published: 01 December 1992
Low-Energy Shock Wave for Enhancing Recruitment of Endothelial Progenitor Cells
Authors: Alexandra Aicher, Christopher Heeschen, Ken-ichiro Sasaki, Carmen Urbich, Andreas M. Zeiher, Stefanie Dimmeler
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Background— Stem and progenitor cell therapy is a novel approach to improve neovascularization and function of ischemic tissue. Enhanced tissue expression of chemoattractant factors such as stromal cell–derived factor 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor is crucial for the recruitment of circulating endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) during acute ischemia. In chronic ischemia, however, expression of these chemoattractants is less pronounced, which results in insufficient EPC recruitment into the target tissue. Therefore, we investigated the effect of targeted extracorporeal shock wave (SW) application in order to facilitate EPC recruitment into nonischemic and chronic ischemic tissue. Methods and Results— Hind limb adductor muscles of nude rats were treated with 500, 1000, and 2000 impulses of focused low-energy SW (flux density level: 0.05 mJ/mm 2 ). Twenty-four hours later, mRNA expression of the chemoattractant stromal cell–derived factor 1 was significantly increased with 1000 impulses (stromal cell–derived factor 1/GAPDH: 0.95±0.09) and 2000 impulses (stromal cell–derived factor 1/GAPDH: 1.17±0.24; both P &lt;0.05 versus untreated). Histologically, the number of vascular endothelial growth factor–positive endothelial cells per myocyte was significantly increased with 2000 impulses (0.24±0.05 versus 0.09±0.02; P &lt;0.01). This preconditioning effect resulted in significantly enhanced recruitment and homing of EPCs that were intravenously infused 24 hours after SW treatment ( P &lt;0.05). In a rat model of chronic hind limb ischemia, SW-facilitated EPC treatment resulted in a significant increase in relative blood flow recovery as assessed by laser Doppler imaging ( P &lt;0.05). Conclusions— Preconditioning of both nonischemic and chronic ischemic tissue with low-energy SW improves recruitment of circulating EPCs via enhanced expression of chemoattractant factors. Thus, SW-facilitated cell therapy may improve the efficacy of EPC treatment in patients with chronic ischemia.