tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Literature and Medicine
Authors: Richard Penrose Schmidt
Journal: JAMA (1989)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Aspiration Pneumonia Following Intravenous Administration of Alcohol During Labor
Authors: Bernard S. Greenhouse
Journal: JAMA (1969)

A pregnant woman aspirated highly acid gastric contents during anesthesia for a cervical circlage procedure after she had received alcohol intravenously to stop premature labor. Pulmonary lavage extended and intensified the pneumonitis. She required several days of intensive pulmonary therapy with intermittent positive pressure ventilation monitored by frequent blood-gas determinations in addition to treatment with steroids and antibiotics. Alcohol is a potent gastric acid secretagogue. Patients in premature labor treated with alcohol intravenously must be considered to have stomach contents.
Polio is re-emerging in areas previously considered polio free
Authors: P. Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Concern is mounting that the global drive to eradicate polio is being undermined by security problems and access constraints that have led to a resurgence of poliovirus in a number of countries previously declared to be free of polio.

On 30 September South Sudan’s new health minister, Riek Gai Kok, declared a “national health emergency” after confirming three cases of wild poliovirus …
A Diagnostic Register.
Authors: R. S. Wells, R. Summerly
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1964)

Journal Article A Diagnostic Register. Get access R. S. Wells, R. S. Wells London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R. Summerly R. Summerly London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 76, Issue 8-9, 1 August 1964, Page 398, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1964.tb14555.x Published: 01 August 1964
Effects of zinc supplementation on linear growth in beta-thalassemia (A new approach)
Authors: A. Arcasoy, A. Çavdar, Ş. Cin, J. Erten, E. Babacan, S. Gözdasoglu, N. Akar
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1987)

Linear growth was evaluated in 32 patients with beta-thalassemia major. At the beginning of the study of 40.6% of the patients were below the 10th percentile with biochemical evidence of zinc deficiency. Effects of zinc supplementation on growth velocity (height) were assessed in a controlled manner. Twenty-one children received oral zinc sulphate for a period of 1 to 7 years (15 early- and 6 late-supplemented cases), while the remaining 11 thalassemics were maintained only on conventional transfusion therapy. The mean height velocity of early-zinc supplemented children was significantly greater than that of normal children (P less than 0.01). An increase in height was also observed in the patients who received delayed zinc retardation. The present study demonstrated that zinc deficiency is one of the factors responsible for retarded linear growth in beta-thalassemia major. Only the patients who received zinc supplementation showed an acceleration of growth in height. Administration of zinc could, therefore, be considered as an effective adjuvant therapy in homozygous beta-thalassemia.
Anicteric Hepatitis And Polyarthritis
Authors: T. Madhavan
Journal: JAMA (1972)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The recent article by Stevens et al reported two patients with anicteric hepatitis presenting as polyarthritis (220:687, 1972). We would like to record a similar case we saw recently. <h3>Report of a Case.—</h3> A 29-year-old black woman was admitted to the hospital with rash, pruritus, and fever. She had been well until one day before admission when she noted perioral edema and diffuse arthritis associated with a vesiculopapular, erythematous rash over the knees and smaller joints of both hands. On the day of admission, she awoke with painful, tender metacarpal, phalangeal, and interphalangeal joints of both hands, shoulders, elbows, knees, ankles, and toes with obvious redness and warmth. Roentgenographic examination failed to reveal any abnormalities of the joints. The patient had received 2 units of whole blood and 2 units of plasma three months prior, during an admission for laparotomy for bowel obstruction. Results of a physical
The Broken Brain: The Biological Revolution in Psychiatry
Authors: Dorothy M. Bernstein
Journal: JAMA (1985)

Mental illness has long been a dilemma not explained satisfactorily by myth, superstition, rational thought, or theory. This book describes the current move to transpose the scope of psychiatry from broad mind theories to specific brain-function processes. It examines the change being fomented in the past ten to 20 years as psychiatry becomes more scientific and biologic in its orientation, rejoining the neurosciences and moving away from psychoanalytic theories. The author presents this book as a general but comprehensive informational source rather than as a textbook. She points out that the early roots of European psychiatry were laid by Kraeplin and not Freud, as has been emphasized in the United States. Kraeplin, as a professor of medicine, concentrated on the major mental disorders, in contrast to Freud, who concentrated on the milder illnesses, termed the "neuroses." Behaviorism, the approach of Watson, was added in this country. The last two figures
Severe Ischemia in an Elderly Patient With Anomalous Origin of the Right Coronary Artery From the Left Main
Authors: Geoffrey Yanes-Bowden, Alejandro De la Rosa Hernández, Manuel José Vargas-Torres, Antonio Barragán-Acea, Juan Lacalzada-Almeida, Francisco Bosa-Ojeda, Alfonso Bonilla-Arjona, Ignacio Laynez-Cerdeña
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
What is a "Safe" Interval Between Halothane Exposures?
Authors: David L. Bruce
Journal: JAMA (1972)

Halothane, a safely and easily administered anesthetic agent, is associated with liver damage only in the rare patient. Until a method is developed to predict which individuals will be affected adversely, the best protection we can provide for the patient is to monitor closely the postoperative period in every patient receiving halothane. If an untoward reaction referable to the liver is detected, the patient should not be exposed again to halothane. If there was no reaction, providing sufficient time had elapsed to allow the appearance of signs and symptoms of hepatic dysfunction, subsequent choices of anesthesia for this patient should be made by the anesthetist, based upon his experience and the requirements of the operation. Halothane may be the agent of choice in patients with chronic liver disease.
Concentration of airborne mite allergens (<i>Der</i> I and <i>Der</i> II) during sleep
Authors: M. Sakaguchi, S. Inouye, H. Yasueda, T. Shida
Journal: Allergy (1992)

Using a low-noise air sampler and a sensitive radioimmunoassay, we measured the concentration of mite allergens in the air during sleeping with Japanese bedquilts (futon). The airborne allergen levels of Der I (Der p I plus Der f I) and Der II during sleep were 223 and 87.1 pg/m3 of air, respectively. These levels were about 10-fold higher than those during usual domestic life in the living room of the same houses. When the bedquilts were changed to new ones free of mite allergens, the airborne allergen levels of Der I and Der II were decreased to 11.5 and 12.0 pg/m3, respectively. This indicated that the mite airborne allergens during sleep were generated from the used bedding, not from the floor. We believe that exposure to airborne mite allergens during sleep might be an important factor in the development of mite allergies.
Dicer1 deletion in myeloid-committed progenitors causes neutrophil dysplasia and blocks macrophage/dendritic cell development in mice
Authors: Mir Farshid Alemdehy, Nicole G. J. A. van Boxtel, Hans W. J. de Looper, Iris J. van den Berge, Mathijs A. Sanders, Tom Cupedo, Ivo P. Touw, Stefan J. Erkeland
Journal: Blood (2012)
Jeffcoate's Principles of Gynaecology
Authors: T. Keith Edwards
Journal: JAMA (1988)

It is obvious that Dr Tindall, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of Manchester, revised Professor Jeffcoate's textbook with loving care. Dr Tindall trained under Professor Jeffcoate in Liverpool, and he has endeavored to retain some of the verve and vigor that was breathed into the original book by a renowned and opinionated professor. The original text was written by Professor Jeffcoate in 1957, and he stated plainly in the first edition that he had not "played it safe by stating only generally accepted views, but had attempted to reach a conclusion that satisfied himself as being as rational as present knowledge allowed." Professor Jeffcoate, who is revered by British obstetricians and gynecologists in much the same way that Sir William Osler has been lionized among American internists, has emphasized the clinical approach to gynecology throughout the text. The first chapter bears that exact title: "The Clinical
Consequences of Atrial Tachycardia-Induced Remodeling Depend on the Preexisting Atrial Substrate
Authors: Kaori Shinagawa, Danshi Li, Tack Ki Leung, Stanley Nattel
Journal: Circulation (2002)

All animal studies of atrial tachycardia (AT) remodeling to date have been performed in normal hearts, but clinical atrial fibrillation (AF) often occurs in the setting of heart disease. This study evaluated the effects of a pathological AF substrate on AT-induced remodeling.Fourteen control dogs, 12 AT-only dogs (400 bpm for 1 week), 14 congestive heart failure (CHF) dogs (CHF only, ventricular tachypacing, 220 to 240 bpm for 5 weeks), and 13 CHF+AT dogs (ventricular tachypacing-induced CHF, 1 week of AT superimposed on the last week of ventricular tachypacing) were studied for evaluation of AT effects in normal hearts (AT-only versus control dogs) and CHF hearts (CHF+AT versus CHF-only dogs). In normal hearts, AT strongly decreased the effective refractory period (ERP) and abolished ERP rate adaptation, whereas conduction velocity was unaltered. In CHF dogs, AT reduced ERP to a significantly lesser extent, did not alter ERP rate adaptation, and reduced conduction velocity. AT alone increased atrial vulnerability to extrastimuli and prolonged AF. In the presence of CHF, AT had no clear effect on atrial vulnerability but increased the prevalence of prolonged AF.The electrophysiological effects of AT are different in hearts with a CHF-induced pathological substrate for AF than in normal hearts. These findings have potentially important implications for understanding how AF occurring in diseased hearts begets AF.
Prelinguistic agents will form only egocentric representations
Authors: Michael L. Anderson, Tim Oates
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2003)

The representations formed by the ventral and dorsal streams of a prelinguistic agent will tend to be too qualitatively similar to support the distinct roles required by PREDICATE(x) structure. We suggest that the attachment of qualities to objects is not a product of the combination of these separate processing streams, but is instead a part of the processing required in each. In addition, we suggest that the formation of objective predicates is inextricably bound up with the emergence of language itself, and so cannot be cleanly identified with any prelinguistic cognitive capacities.
Average daily consumption of sugar must be halved, says WHO
Authors: A. Gulland
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The recommended average daily recommended intake of sugar should be halved so that it makes up 5% or less of a person’s total energy consumption, new guidelines from the World Health Organization have said.

In draft guidance WHO recommended that policy makers should ensure that all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to food or found in honey, fruit syrups, fruit juice, and concentrate should be at most 10% of a person’s energy consumption but that ideally it should be cut to 5%. WHO’s current advice is that sugar should make up 10% or less of a person’s energy consumption.

The lower limit of sugar intake for an adult whose total energy consumption is 2000 kilocalories a day is equivalent to around 25 …
Graduate Medical Education Confronted-Reply
Authors: Gerald T. Perkoff
Journal: JAMA (1988)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —Drs Hensel and Gillette both make interesting and important comments about the subject of graduate medical education. I agree with Dr Hensel about the value of ambulatory medical care training for both medical students and residents, and for the reasons he lists. I am more hopeful now than ever before that some of the changes we both desire will come about in ways that will also preserve the very best of our present methods of medical education. We can be much stronger if we follow this path. Dr Gillette's points also are well taken. It certainly would be a mistake to lose what is best in family practice. This is equally true of the other primary care fields, an important point to keep in mind in developing a new and better single primary care specialty. Also, it is likely that there always will be differences of opinion about
Coeliac Disease: Histopathological Findings in the Small Intestinal Mucosa Studied by a Peroral Biopsy Technique
Authors: M. Shiner
Journal: Gut (1960)

Villous atrophy, changes in the surface epithelium, mucosal thickening, and glandular hypertrophy were a feature of all the mucosal biopsies from the small intestine obtained from eight coeliac children. No histological differences were observed between the children previously treated with intermittent gluten-free diets and the untreated children. Serial biopsy studies were carried out on one coeliac child before and after treatment with a gluten-free diet over a period of two years. On the whole they confirmed the irreversible nature of the observed histopathological changes but minor improvements could not be excluded. Mucosal abnormalities in coeliac disease are the same as in adult idiopathic steatorrhoea, where they are observed in patients with or without a response to a gluten-free diet. It is concluded that the elimination of gluten from the diet has little if any influence on the histopathological abnormalities observed in coeliac disease.
STRYCHNINE-TUBERCULIN TREATMENT OF HOSPITAL TUBERCULOUS CASES
Authors: J. H. Whelan
Journal: BMJ (1914)

To67. That assciated _withl a higli ratio of epileptids in urban relatively: t6 rural districts "is. a similarly high infantile and early clhildhood mortality from tuberculosis, convulsions, and atrophy debility and marasmus, and also a, correspondingly high proportion of occuipied married wvomen, which it would be well for employers of female labour to bear in mind.8. That, except in terminal cases of active tuberculosis, loss of weight -is not -a valuable criterion of the presence of tuberculosis in epileptics..9.It is contended tlhat epilepsy may be an evidence of tubereulous infection in childlhood, probably affecting the bionclhial glands initially, and that the convulsions are dlue either to reflex irritation so set up or to the resulting toxaeniia acting on an unstable.nei'vous system, either ilhllerited or acquired.Furtther, that the constantly recurring seizures not only establish a vicious habit as far as the nervous system is concerned, but also effect tnber- culin autoinoculation, thus tending to keep the tuber- culous process in clheck, so that, instead of a fatal termina- tion, epilepsy rcsults.10. Consequently, the advisability of carefully searching for tuberculous foci in children the moment epileptic fits develop, and also the imnmediate use of tuberculin in their treatment, should receive consideration.
Accuracy of FDG-PET to Diagnose Lung Cancer in Areas With Infectious Lung Disease
Authors: Stephen A. Deppen, Jeffrey D. Blume, Clark D. Kensinger, Ashley M. Morgan, Melinda C. Aldrich, Pierre P. Massion, Ronald C. Walker, Melissa L. McPheeters, Joe B. Putnam, Eric L. Grogan
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Positron emission tomography (PET) combined with fludeoxyglucose F 18 (FDG) is recommended for the noninvasive diagnosis of pulmonary nodules suspicious for lung cancer. In populations with endemic infectious lung disease, FDG-PET may not accurately identify malignant lesions.To estimate the diagnostic accuracy of FDG-PET for pulmonary nodules suspicious for lung cancer in regions where infectious lung disease is endemic and compare the test accuracy in regions where infectious lung disease is rare.Databases of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Web of Science were searched from October 1, 2000, through April 28, 2014. Articles reporting information sufficient to calculate sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET to diagnose lung cancer were included. Only studies that enrolled more than 10 participants with benign and malignant lesions were included. Database searches yielded 1923 articles, of which 257 were assessed for eligibility. Seventy studies were included in the analysis. Studies reported on a total of 8511 nodules; 5105 (60%) were malignant.Abstracts meeting eligibility criteria were collected by a research librarian and reviewed by 2 independent reviewers. Hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed. A random-effects logistic regression model was used to summarize and assess the effect of endemic infectious lung disease on test performance.The sensitivity and specificity for FDG-PET test performance.Heterogeneity for sensitivity (I2 = 87%) and specificity (I2 = 82%) was observed across studies. The pooled (unadjusted) sensitivity was 89% (95% CI, 86%-91%) and specificity was 75% (95% CI, 71%-79%). There was a 16% lower average adjusted specificity in regions with endemic infectious lung disease (61% [95% CI, 49%-72%]) compared with nonendemic regions (77% [95% CI, 73%-80%]). Lower specificity was observed when the analysis was limited to rigorously conducted and well-controlled studies. In general, sensitivity did not change appreciably by endemic infection status, even after adjusting for relevant factors.The accuracy of FDG-PET for diagnosing lung nodules was extremely heterogeneous. Use of FDG-PET combined with computed tomography was less specific in diagnosing malignancy in populations with endemic infectious lung disease compared with nonendemic regions. These data do not support the use of FDG-PET to diagnose lung cancer in endemic regions unless an institution achieves test performance accuracy similar to that found in nonendemic regions.
Lack of support for association between the KIF1B rs10492972[C] variant and multiple sclerosis
Authors: David R. Booth, Robert N. Heard, Graeme J. Stewart, Mathew Cox, Rodney J. Scott, Jeannette Lechner-Scott, An Goris, Rita Dobosi, Bénédicte Dubois, Janna Saarela, Virpi Leppä, Leena Peltonen, Tuula Pirttila, Isabelle Cournu-Rebeix, Bertrand Fontaine, Laura Bergamaschi, Sandra D'Alfonso, Maurizio Leone, Aslaug R. Lorentzen, Hanne F. Harbo, Elisabeth G. Celius, Anne Spurkland, Jenny Link, Ingrid Kockum, Tomas Olsson, Jan Hillert, Maria Ban, Amie Baker, Anu Kemppinen, Stephen Sawcer, Alastair Compston, Neil P. Robertson, Philip L. De Jager, David A. Hafler, Lisa F. Barcellos, Adrian J. Ivinson, Jacob L. McCauley, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, Jorge R. Oksenberg, Stephen L. Hauser, David Sexton, Jonathan Haines
Journal: Nature Genetics (2010)
Re: 'Ventricular arrhythmias induced by endothelin-1 or by acute ischemia: a comparative analysis using three dimensional mapping' (Cardiovasc Res 2000;45:310–320)
Authors: F Duru
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (2000)

Dear Editor,

We read with great interest the study by Becker et al. [1] in which they analyzed the three-dimensional activation patterns of ventricular arrhythmias induced by endothelin-1 (ET-1) in comparison with ischemia-induced arrhythmias. In order to support the hypothesis that ET-1 exerts an intrinsic arrhythmogenic effect which is not attributable to ischemia, the authors investigated the electrophysiologic effects and the mechanism of induced ventricular arrhythmias after intracoronary administration of ET-1, as compared to those caused by ligation of the left anterior descending artery. This study provides substantial information concerning proarrhythmic effects of ET-1 in vivo, and is of considerable interest to both clinical and basic electrophysiologists.

The findings are in accordance with the results …