tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Reversal of Mitochondrial Transhydrogenase Causes Oxidative Stress in Heart Failure
Authors: Alexander G. Nickel, Albrecht von Hardenberg, Mathias Hohl, Joachim R. Löffler, Michael Kohlhaas, Janne Becker, Jan-Christian Reil, Andrey Kazakov, Julia Bonnekoh, Moritz Stadelmaier, Sarah-Lena Puhl, Michael Wagner, Ivan Bogeski, Sonia Cortassa, Reinhard Kappl, Bastian Pasieka, Michael Lafontaine, C. Roy D. Lancaster, Thomas S. Blacker, Andrew R. Hall, Michael R. Duchen, Lars Kästner, Peter Lipp, Tanja Zeller, Christian Müller, Andreas Knopp, Ulrich Laufs, Michael Böhm, Markus Hoth, Christoph Maack
Journal: Cell Metabolism (2015)
Development and validation of a Vietnamese-language depression rating scale
Authors: J D Kinzie, S M Manson, D T Vinh, N T Tolan, B Anh, T N Pho
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1982)

The authors developed a depression scale in the Vietnamese language that contains culturally consistent items describing the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of depressed individuals and items describing common clinical characteristics of depressed Vietnamese patients. After pretesting, the preliminary 43-item scale was given to 21 depressed Vietnamese patients and a matched community sample of 44. Fifteen items accounted for 96% of the variance between the two groups and were used as the final form of the Vietnamese Depression Scale. A cutoff of 13 points (of a possible 34) identified 91% of the patients and 96% of the community sample.
Gangliosides of Human Melanoma2
Authors: Tetsuya Tsuchida, Romaine E. Saxton, Donald L. Morton, Reiko F. Irie
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1987)

The ganglioside composition of human malignant melanoma was studied with the use of 80 melanoma specimens, including 52 surgical specimens and 28 cultured cell lines. A ganglioside fraction was isolated and purified from each of these tissues, and the amount of each component ganglioside was assessed by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and a TLC scanner. Five gangliosides (GM3, GD3, GM2, GD2, and alkali-labile ganglioside) were most commonly expressed by these melanomas. However, the total ganglioside amount (ranging from 33 to 302 micrograms/g wet wt of tissue) as well as the distribution of each ganglioside were widely heterogeneous in both biopsied and cultured melanomas. When the ganglioside expressions of cultured and biopsied melanomas were compared, GM2 and GD2 were minor components of biopsied melanomas but often became major components of cultured melanoma cells. Conversely, alkali-labile ganglioside was expressed more strongly on biopsied melanomas. This heterogeneity suggests that it will be necessary to analyze the ganglioside composition of biopsied melanomas before using monoclonal antibodies to melanoma-associated gangliosides for melanoma diagnosis or therapy.
Inflammatory cells composition of bronchial brush-biopsies in dependence on infectional agent species at COPD exacerbation
Authors: Sophia Nesterovich, Ekaterina Bukreeva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

46 COPD exacerbation patients were examined. Cytological research of brush-biopsies were taken at bronchoscopy was made; for verification of infectional nature of COPD exacerbation the quantitative bacteriological sputum research, definition of diagnostic main IgG, IgM levels to Ch.pneumoniae, M.pneumoniae in serum by means immuno-assay method, definition of their genomes fragments in sputum by means of PCR method were made. Kruskal – Wallis criterion was used.  Infectional character of COPD exacerbation was confirmed at 36 patients. Inflammatory cells composition in bronchial brush-biopsy were researched. Macrophages quantity was reliable high (p  Infectional agent species influence on intensification and character of inflammation in bronchial mucosa in COPD exacerbation. M.pneumoniae induces mononuclear response, H.influenzae, Ch.pneumoniae induces polymorphonuclear response.
Abstract 369: Network-based stratification of thyroid cancer
Authors: Matan Hofree, John Paul Y. Shen, Trey Ideker
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Many forms of cancer consist of multiple subtypes with different molecular causes and clinical outcomes. Somatic tumor genomes provide a rich new source of data for uncovering these subtypes, but have proven difficult to compare as two tumors share little in their genetic landscapes. Recently, we have introduced a method called ‘network-based stratification’ (NBS) which integrates somatic tumor genomes with gene networks. This approach allows for stratification of cancer into informative subtypes by clustering together patients who have mutations within similar network regions. Here we apply NBS to a combination of whole-exome somatic mutation data, copy number aberrations and gene fusion events in a cohort of thyroid cancer (TC) patients, an as yet unpublished part of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Using NBS combined with the HumanNet gene interaction network we were able to discover a robust cluster assignment of thyroid patients into three subtypes. These subtypes are found to significantly associate with histological type (X2 P = 5.42x10-22) and are also found to be predictive multiple clinical variables such as predicted risk of recurrence (X2 P = 9.95x10-6, estimated based on standard (TNM) staging by AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed.), extra-thyroidal expansion(X2 P = 4.68x10-7), lymph node status (pathological N stage, X2 P = 9.25x10-4), and pathological T stage (X2 P = 4.46x10-3). In each subtype we highlight the characteristically perturbed genes and subnetworks (Table 1) and further explore the association of mRNA and protein expression to these subtypes. The study demonstrates the utility of combining genomic profiles with interaction networks, enabling the discovery of clinically meaningful mutation based subtypes and provides genetic based subtypes with potential clinical implications. Characteristically perturbed genes and subnetworksTypeCharacteristic histologyFrequent mutationSelected enriched terms in frequently perturbed subnetworks1FollicularCHEK2, CTNND2, DICER1, HRAS, KRAS, MUC5B, MYH13, NRAS, NTRK1, PAX8, PPARG, PTEN, SLC12A4, SLITRK3, TG, ZBTB22Ras protein signal transduction, Activation of MAPK activity2ClassicCCDC6, ETV6, MALAT1, NCOA4, NTRK3, RETProtein tyrosine kinase activity, Transmembrane receptor protein kinase activity, Regulation of blood vessel size3Classic and Tall cellBRAFStress activated MAPK cascade, Immune response-regulating signaling pathway, FGR signaling pathway, JACK-STAT cascade, activation of pro-apoptotic gene products Citation Format: Matan Hofree, John Paul Y. Shen, Trey Ideker. Network-based stratification of thyroid cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 369. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-369
Localization of the Epithelial Ca2+ Channel in Rabbit Kidney and Intestine
Authors: JOOST G. J. HOENDEROP, ANITA HARTOG, MARCHEL STUIVER, ALAIN DOUCET, PETER H. G. M. WILLEMS, RENÉ J. M. BINDELS
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (2000)

Abstract. The epithelial Ca 2+ channel (ECaC), which is exclusively expressed in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D 3 -responsive tissues, i.e. , kidney, intestine, and placenta, is postulated to constitute the initial step in the process of transcellular Ca 2+ transport. To strengthen this postulated function, the present study compares the segmental and cellular distribution of ECaC and the other Ca 2+ transport proteins known to be involved in transcellular Ca 2+ transport. In rabbit kidney, ECaC mRNA and protein expression were primarily present in the connecting tubule. Immunopositive staining for the ECaC protein was exclusively found at the apical domain of this tubular segment. Importantly, ECaC completely colocalized with calbindin-D 28K , Na + -Ca 2+ exchanger (NCX), and plasma membrane Ca 2+ -ATPase (PMCA). A minority of cells along the distal tubule lacked immunopositive staining for ECaC and the other Ca 2+ transporting proteins. These negative cells were identified as intercalated cells. In intestine, ECaC was present in a thin layer along the apical membrane of the duodenal villus tip, whereas the crypt and goblet cells were negative. Again, a complete colocalization was observed between ECaC, calbindin-D 9K , and PMCA. In contrast to the kidney, NCX could not be detected in duodenum. The present finding that ECaC completely colocalizes with the Ca 2+ transport proteins in the connecting tubule and duodenum, together with its apical localization, further substantiates the postulated function of ECaC as the gatekeeper of active Ca 2+ (re)absorption.
Abstract 10041: Skin Preparation Reduces Cardiac Implantable Device Infections
Authors: Renee Koeberl, Mohamed S Rahman, Rachel Pedersen, Jasbir Sra, Masood Akhtar, M. Eyman Mortada
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: A recently reported increase in cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections is disproportionate to the increase in implants. The culprit organism in most CIED infections i...
Immune Response to Gross Virus- Induced Lymphoma. II. Kinetics of the Cellular Immune Response
Authors: M. E. Oren, R. B. Herberman, T G. Canty
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1971)

Cellular immunity specifically directed against a transplantable, highly antigenic, syngeneic Gross virus-induced lymphoma in W/Fu rats was examined. A sensitive and quantitative in vitro method was used for detection of cellular cytotoxicity. Cellular immunity was first noted 3–5 days after immunization. This activity reached a peak at 9–10 days and gradually declined to low levels by day 14, regardless of persistence or regression of the tumor. The level of maximum cellular cytotoxic activity was related to the dose of tumor cells inoculated, but the time course of response was unaffected by changes in tumor inoculum. The peak of cellular immune activity occurred at about the same time as the first cytotoxic antibody peak. The second cytotoxic antibody peak was not accompanied by an increase in cellular immune activity. Increased cellular cytotoxicity could not be produced by inoculation of a second dose of tumor cells at 30–40 days after the initial inoculum. The relationship between the observed differences in cellular and humoral responses and tumor growth remains to be determined.
Resistance to fluoroquinolones by the combination of target site mutations and enhanced expression of genes for efflux pumps in Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei strains isolated in Korea
Authors: J.-Y. Kim, S.-H. Kim, S.-M. Jeon, M.-S. Park, H.-G. Rhie, B.-K. Lee
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2008)
Prognostic Value of B-Type Natriuretic Peptides in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Torbjørn Omland, Marc S. Sabatine, Kathleen A. Jablonski, Madeline Murguia Rice, Judith Hsia, Ragnhild Wergeland, Sverre Landaas, Jean L. Rouleau, Michael J. Domanski, Christian Hall, Marc A. Pfeffer, Eugene Braunwald
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2007)
Mechanism of Glucocorticoid Action on Murine Natural Killer Cell Activity&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: W I Cox, N J Holbrook, H Friedman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1983)

With the use of an in vitro model system, the mode of action of glucocorticoids on murine natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity of tumor cells was investigated. Of the steroids tested, only the glucocorticoids notably suppressed NK activity. Glucocorticoids were not toxic to the NK effector cell since inhibitors of protein synthesis protected NK activity from the suppressive action of glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoid-treated C57BL/6J spleen cells, although suppressed in NK activity, were unable to suppress the NK activity of normal syngeneic spleen cell cultures. Similarly, the supernatants of glucocorticoid-treated cultures were also unable to suppress normal NK activity. Thus a role for suppressor cell activity or soluble suppressive factors was excluded. Results of analyses of the NK activity of Percoll-fractionated glucocorticoid-treated C3H/HeN (nu/nu) spleen cells at the single-cell level demonstrated that NK effector cells could efficiently bind to YAC-1 lymphoma cells but were incapable of inducing cytolysis. Moreover, the production of NK cytotoxicity factor(s) in tumor cell-stimulated nude mouse spleen cell cultures was severely depressed after glucocorticoid treatment. The results of these studies suggest that glucocorticoids suppress murine NK activity by acting directly on the NK effector cells, possibly by inhibiting the formation or release of specific effector molecules that are cytotoxic to NK-sensitive tumor cells.
Conservative pneumothorax management: How big is too big?
Authors: Greg Haug, Kathryn Ogden, Michael Ashby, Peter Mulcahy, Oliver Jensen, Duncan Scott
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Guidelines on primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) management differ but commonly recommend intervention especially for larger PSPs. Evidence for recommending intervention over conservative management, even for large PSPs, appears scarce. We believe intervention is rarely required, that complications can and do ensue, and that conservative management of PSP has good outcomes without the risks associated with guideline-mandated intervention. Conservative management of large PSPs is outside current guidelines, despite a long international and local history of large PSPs being successfully managed in this way. We sought to examine the evidence base for compelling reasons to change our current conservative practice. We are conducting a Cochrane Review of management of PSP; this is ongoing. We have performed a retrospective review of PSP patients admitted to our hospital and mostly managed conservatively, with good outcomes, no complications, and no increased need for pleurodesis. Finally, here, we describe six consecutive PSP cases, all large, treated conservatively outside current guidelines but with no complications and good outcomes. Patient satisfaction with this treatment was high. Pain scores, hospital stays, subsequent need for surgery, and complication rates were low in this small series, although there were more outpatient follow up appointments during the recovery phase. Our review has found that current clinical guidelines on interventional PSP management have a limited evidence base. Our observations suggest that conservative management may be as safe and effective in many PSPs, regardless of size. We continue to study PSP cases prospectively.
The Case for Psychiatric Hospitalization
Authors: CHARLES J. RABINER, ABRAHAM LURIE
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The goal of psychiatric treatment is to restore the patient to a reasonable state of mental health. Hospitalization is often considered to be an unnecessarily expensive component of a total treatment program. In our zeal to reduce expense, many patients for whom hospitalization is indicated are either refused admission or are prematurely discharged. The authors suggest that in certain cases the judicious use of hospitalization may be less costly in terms of the overall treatment program and also cite some of the other possible benefits to be gained from a period of hospitalization.
Season is associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition in young children with cystic fibrosis
Authors: K.J. Psoter, A.J. De Roos, J. Wakefield, J. Mayer, M. Rosenfeld
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)

Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the principal respiratory pathogen in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, is ubiquitous in the environment. Initial P. aeruginosa isolates in CF patients are generally environmental in nature. However, little information regarding seasonality of P. aeruginosa acquisition is available. We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the seasonality of initial P. aeruginosa acquisition in young children with CF in the USA using the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry from 2003 to 2009. Additionally, we assessed whether seasonal acquisition varied by climate zone. A total of 4123 children met inclusion criteria and 45% (n = 1866) acquired P. aeruginosa during a mean 2.0 years (SD 0.2 years) of follow up. Compared with winter, increased P. aeruginosa acquisition was observed in summer (incidence rate ratio (IRR): 1.22; 95% CI: 1.07-1.40) and autumn (IRR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.18-1.52), with lower acquisition observed in spring (IRR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.70-0.94). Seasonal variations in P. aeruginosa acquisition rates in the temperate and continental climate zones were similar to those in the overall cohort. In contrast, no significant seasonal effect was observed in the dry climate zone. In a corresponding analysis, no seasonal difference was observed in the rate of acquisition of Staphylococcus aureus, another common CF respiratory pathogen. These results provide preliminary support that climatic factors may be associated with initial P. aeruginosa acquisition in CF patients. Investigation and identification of specific risk factors, as well as awareness of seasonal variation, could potentially inform clinical recommendations including increased awareness of infection control and prevention strategies.
US Trends in Rates of Arthroplasty for Inflammatory Arthritis Including Rheumatoid Arthritis, Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis, and Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Christina Mertelsmann‐Voss, Stephen Lyman, Ting Jung Pan, Susan M. Goodman, Mark P. Figgie, Lisa A. Mandl
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Although rates of arthroplasty have increased dramatically, rates among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are reported to be decreasing. It is not known if this is also the case among patients with other inflammatory arthritides. This study was undertaken to evaluate rates of arthroplasty due to RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), spondyloarthritis (SpA), and a composite group of patients with inflammatory arthritides (IA), compared to arthroplasty rates among patients without inflammatory or autoimmune conditions.Administrative discharge databases (State Inpatient Databases of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project, New York Department of Health Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System, California Statewide Health Planning and Development) were used to compare rates of knee, hip, and shoulder arthroplasty occurring from 1991 to 2005.Of 2,839,325 arthroplasties in 1991-2005, 2.7% were performed in patients with IA. The rate of arthroplasty for noninflammatory conditions doubled (124.5 per 100,000 persons in 1991 versus 247.5 per 100,000 persons in 2005), while the rate for IA remained stable at 5.1 per 100,000. Rates of arthroplasty for RA decreased slightly (4.6 per 100,000 versus 4.5 per 100,000) and those for JIA decreased by nearly 50% (0.22 per 100,000 versus 0.13 per 100,000), but the rate of arthroplasty for SpA increased by nearly 50% (0.22 per 100,000 versus 0.31 per 100,000). Age at the time of arthroplasty increased for patients with RA (mean ± SD 63.4 ± 12.7 years versus 64.9 ± 12.8 years), JIA (30.9 ± 12.2 years versus 36.7 ± 14.9 years), and SpA (54.3 ± 16.1 years versus 60.4 ± 13.9 years). However, the mean age at the time of arthroplasty among non-IA cases decreased (71.5 ± 11.8 years versus 69.0 ± 12.0 years).This population-based study is the first to show that arthroplasty rates have decreased significantly among patients with JIA and minimally among patients with RA, and have increased among patients with SpA. The increased age at the time of arthroplasty among patients with JIA and SpA suggests that these patients are increasingly able to defer surgical interventions. Further research is needed to assess the ongoing effect of biologic agents on the need for arthroplasties in patients with IA.
The impact of hands-on respiratory management for physicians in clinical practice and its future perspective
Authors: Keiko Hasegawa, Ryoma Tanaka, Norihiro Kaneko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction; To respond the demands of systemic mechanical ventilation management education, the Respiratory Management Hands-on Workshop for Physicians in-training (RMWP) began in November of 2010 as an extracurricular program, followed by the Brush-up workshop for supervisory doctors in July of 2011.

Objectives; To evaluate the impacts and the value of RMWP on clinical practice and to establish a future direction, we conducted a pre/post-test, a questionnaire on the contents, and a post-survey of the workshop attendees via the Web.

Methods; The pre/post-test and the anonymous questionnaire were conducted during the workshops. As for the post-survey, the e-mail with questions regarding workshop was sent in September 2011 to the attendees of the workshop and the first 1-day brush-up workshop for advisory doctors'.

Results; The attendees' knowledge base requiring for respiratory management was not correlated with experiences of mechanical ventilation. In regard to the post-survey, a total of the 55% (61 out of 111) answered. There are two remarkable findings. Firstly, the number of physicians using Assist-Control mode increased, whereas SIMV mode decreased. Secondly, the lecture of Graphic monitoring & Lung mechanics, although the lecture had been marked as less useful than others in the questionnaire taken right after the workshop, was marked as the most useful lecture in their practice.

Conclusions; The results of post-survey indicated the potential to change physicians' behavior in respiratory management. RMWP should provide both lectures and practice sessions with expert eyes to overcome the physicians' misunderstandings and lack of the whole picture.
Excitation-contraction coupling in heart
Authors: Prakash V. Sulakhe, Naranjan S. Dhalla
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1971)

The ability of heavy microsomes and mitochondria, isolated from the control and failing hearts of genetically dystrophic hamsters (BIO 14.6 strain), to accumulate calcium was examined. The rate and extent of energy-linked calcium binding (in the absence of oxalate) by the heavy microsomes of the failing heart were markedly depressed. The calcium uptake (in the presence of 5 mM oxalate) by the heavy microsomes of the failing heart was similar to that of the control heart. On the other hand, both the rate and extent of energy-linked calcium binding (in the absence of Pi and succinate) and calcium uptake (in the presence of 4 mM Pi and 5 mM succinate) by mitochondria were greatly reduced in the failing heart in comparison to the control. No difference in the total adenosine triphosphatase activities (Ca(++)-Mg(++) stimulated) of heavy microsomes or mitochondria was observed between the control and failing hearts. These results indicate an abnormality of subcellular membranes of the failing heart to bind calcium and support the growing conviction concerning the defective "calcium pump" as a molecular abnormality associated with a moderate degree of congestive heart failure.