tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Quetiapine in the treatment of hyperhidrosis axillaris
Authors: L.M. Dickmann, J.R.M. Dickmann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2010)

Conflicts of interest: none declared. Madam, Although primary hyperhidrosis axillaris (HA) is a common and disabling disorder, its aetiology and pathophysiology are not well understood.1 A central origin affecting the anterior cingulated cerebral cortex is likely2 and explains the link to emotional stimuli and social phobia. At least 30% of patients suffering from social anxiety experience HA.3 Treatment largely relies on altering the end organ by topical agents, surgical means (liposuction, sympathectomy) or temporary denervation of the apocrine and apoeccrine glands with botulinum toxin.4 The antidepressants paroxetine and fluoxetine showed a small beneficial effect on HA and anxiety in controlled trials.3 We report on the effect of low‐dose quetiapine on severe HA. A 53‐year‐old man diagnosed with severe primary HA was referred by a dermatologist for psychiatric assessment. HA was triggered by emotional stimuli, such as speaking in public and meeting people for the first time. He was diagnosed with moderate social phobia. Both of his parents suffered from HA, which started in early adolescence. Topical agents and anticholinergic medication failed to stop sweating and two trials of botulinum toxin A (Botox®, 50 units per axilla; Allergan, Marlow, U.K.) injections showed only a minor effect. He was reluctant to undergo surgery. Initially he scored 3 out of 4 on the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) reflecting severe HA and mild palmoplantar hyperhidrosis. The HDSS has a strong correlation with gravimetric sweat production measurements which we did not perform in this patient.5
Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging versus echocardiography for assessment of cardiac involvement in pulmonary sarcoidosis
Authors: Teresa Fandl, Stefan Pfaffenberger, Karin Vonbank, Beatrice Marzluf, Julia Mascherbauer, Thomas Binder
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Study objectives: Data on the prevalence of cardiac involvement in sarcoidosis patients vary depending on the patient population and diagnostic modality studied. We aimed to compare cardiac involvement diagnosed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with standard echocardiography and speckle tracking echocardiography for detection of cardiac sarcoidosis in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis.  Methods: 41 patients (mean 47 years) with biopsy-proven pulmonary sarcoidosis underwent echocardiography and CMR imaging. Cardiac involvement was diagnosed if a positive late gadolinium enhancement (LE) pattern not typical for coronary artery disease on CMR was found. LE was compared to regional wall motion abnormalities on standard echocardiography and to global longitudinal peak systolic strain (GLPSS) on speckle tracking echocardiography. NT-proBNP was evaluated.  Results: No (0%) patient revealed cardiac involvement by echocardiography while 14 (34%) patients showed a positive LE on CMR (p  Conclusion: Cardiac involvement in pulmonary sarcoidosis patients was detected in more cases by CMR than by standard echocardiography. Speckle tracking echocardiography was also more sensitive than standard echocardiography. However, cardiac involvement in a caucasian population was rare compared to previously published data based on a predominantly afro-american population.
Child-bearing and Tuberculosis
Authors: C. J. Stewart, F. A. H. Simmonds
Journal: BMJ (1947)

emergencies is seldom in the patient's best interest, and an obstetric emergency service should consist primarily of an ambulance equipped as an efficient resuscitation unit with unlimited blood at its disposal.The obstetrician can thus ensure that he is not forced by circumstances to perform opera- tions at home that would have a wider margin of safety in hospital.-Iam, etc., Birmingham.W. G. MILLS. Child-bearing and TuberculosisSIR,-Child-bearing and tuberculosis is still a subject which arouses strong feelings.We are grateful to your correspondents for their interest in our work and for some very appreciative remarks.We have endeavoured to make an objective judgment on this difficult subject, but we hope our figures are a sufficient basis for an opinion.It cannot be denied that the tuberculous disease in some patients becomes worse in association with pregnancy.This is a habit of tuberculous disease in nonpregnant women too, and in our experience equally common in both groups.We too wish to emphasize the importance of the environment of the tuberculous woman who has borne a child.Efficient
Increase in VTEC cases in the south of Ireland: link to private wells?
Authors: M B O’Sullivan, P Garvey, M O’Riordan, H Coughlan, P McKeown, A Brennan, E McNamara
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

High levels of verotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC) have been recorded to date in 2008 in the Republic of Ireland. One hundred and forty-eight VTEC cases were notified up to the end of August 2008 (Figure 1), compared to 70-90 confirmed cases reported in the equivalent time period in 2006 and 2007. Thirty three percent of cases notified in Ireland in 2008 indicated that their usual drinking water supply was a private well.
Characteristics and outcome of therapy‐related myeloid neoplasms: Report from the <scp>I</scp>talian network on secondary leukemias
Authors: Luana Fianchi, Livio Pagano, Alfonso Piciocchi, Anna Candoni, Gianluca Gaidano, Massimo Breccia, Marianna Criscuolo, Giorgina Specchia, Enrico Maria Pogliani, Luca Maurillo, Maria Antonietta Aloe‐Spiriti, Cristina Mecucci, Pasquale Niscola, Elena Rossetti, Giovanna Mansueto, Michela Rondoni, Claudio Fozza, Rosangela Invernizzi, Antonio Spadea, Susanna Fenu, Gabriele Buda, Marco Gobbi, Emiliano Fabiani, Simona Sica, Stefan Hohaus, Giuseppe Leone, Maria Teresa Voso
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2015)

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN) are a complication of cytotoxic treatment for primary tumors and autoimmune diseases. We report data on 277 t-MN patients, recruited between 1999 and 2013 by the Italian Network on Secondary Leukemias (104 retrospectively and 173 prospectively registered). Median age at t-MN diagnosis was 64 years (range, 21-87). Most frequent primary malignancies (PMs) were lymphoproliferative diseases and breast cancer. One hundred and thirty-three patients had received chemotherapy (CHT), 43 patients radiotherapy (RT), and 101 patients combined CHT/RT for PM. Median time between cytotoxic treatment and t-MN was 5.7 years, with t-MN following RT alone associated with significantly longer latency, compared to CHT or combined CHT/RT (mean, 11.2 vs. 7.1 years, P = 0.0005). The addition of topoisomerase-II inhibitors to alkylating agents was associated with shorter latency compared to alkylating agents alone (median, 6 vs. 8.4 years, P = 0.02). Median survival was 14.6 months from t-MN diagnosis, and was significantly longer in patients treated with allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Significant factors for survival at the multivariable analysis included age, adverse karyotype, and degree of anemia. Our data underline the prognostic importance of karyotype and age in t-MN, similar to de novo acute myeloid leukemia. Treatment approaches should not preclude the use of conventional treatments for younger t-MN patients, including allogeneic stem cell transplantation as potentially curative approach.
The health of adult Europe
Authors: S. Donnan
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Papers p 1636 

Shortly after the change of Britain's government last year the Office of National Statistics published a volume in its decennial supplement series entitled The Health of Adult Britain 1841-1994 .1 Its major aim was to bring together routine vital statistics and to chart trends in mortality. There were also many references to hospital inpatient and general practice activity data and other special data sources. In addition, many of the chapters reviewed specific areas of health or specific factors related to health. The information was collected and collated by a galaxy of authors and was well presented, but almost by definition there was nothing particularly new. One of the final chapters asked, “Are we healthier?” acknowledging that especially for the older members of our society length of life and quality of life are not the same. The answer given was that some things are better, some worse, and some have stayed the same.

However, even if the data weren't new, some of the attitudes were. The publication discussed inequalities openly if briefly and considered topics such as unemployment and housing as well as drugs, …
Author Corrections
Authors: Stanley Leong, David Byrd, Natale Cascinelli, Alistair Cochran, Alexander Eggermont, Kelly McMasters, Martin Mihm, Keith Flaherty, Donald Morton, Vernon Sondak
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

In the sidebar and in the last sentence of the Introduction section, the QUASAR trial number was given as ISRCTN82375366, whereas it should have been given as ISRCTN82375386.The following acknowledgement was inadvertently omitted: "WethankEmmaTinkler-Hundalforhersignificantcontributionsto the preparation of clinical trial material used within the study."
Abstract 3106: Are we Considering the Best Hemodynamic Predictor of Cardiovascular Death?
Authors: Amir H Sadrzadeh Rafie, Gannon W Sungar, David Hadley, Jonathan Myers, Victor F Froelicher
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction: While prognostic importance of exercise capacity (in [METs]) is well established, there is controversy regarding the relative prognostic potential of other hemodynamic responses. The high correlation of these variables conflicts with the assumptions of survival analysis models. Objective: To assess the prognostic power of double product (DP) because it combines heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP). Methods: From a total of 1959 consecutive patients referred for exercise testing at the Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Medical Center from 1997 to 2004, we studied 1759 male veterans (mean ± SD age, 57 ± 12 years) free of heart failure. DP was calculated by multiplying SBP and HR; variables and their products were subtracted to obtain the differences between rest and maximal exercise (reserve) and recovery (HRR). The hemodynamic variables were analyzed using multiple linear regressions and Cox hazard models with cardiovascular death as the outcome. Results: There were 157 all-cause deaths, with 53 of the deaths being due to cardiovascular causes (34%) during a median follow up of 5.2 years. Though most of the hemodynamic variables were individually significant in Cox analysis, when age, DP reserve, METs and HRR were entered together, only age and DP reserve were chosen. Of all hemodynamic measurements considered, DP reserve was the strongest predictor of cardiovascular prognosis after adjustment for β-blocker use (Wald Z-score, −5.12; P&lt;0.001). Conclusions: In patients referred for exercise testing, DP reserve had greater prognostic power than METs, maximal HR or SBP, or HR recovery. Figure 1. Kaplan-Meier survival curves for normal subjects according to DP reserve.
Trends in Recommendations for Myelosuppressive Chemotherapy for the Treatment of Solid Tumors
Authors: Robert E. Smith
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2006)

Lung, breast, and colorectal cancers are the 3 most frequent causes of cancer-related death in the United States. In the past 15 years, survival has increased dramatically for patients with these tumor types, partly because improved chemotherapy caused major changes in standard care. In addition, maintaining chemotherapy dose intensity has an established a positive effect on patient outcomes. However, delivering chemotherapy at full dose and on schedule is limited primarily by myelosuppression. To determine how expert opinion about preferred chemotherapy for lung, breast, and colorectal cancers has changed over the past decade, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) treatment guidelines from 1996, 2000 or 2001, and 2005 for each tumor type were compared. The myelosuppressive potentials of NCCN-recommended agents were assessed using data from their prescribing information. Many agents and combinations of agents recommended in the NCCN guidelines for treating lung, breast, and colorectal cancers are associated with myelosuppression. Several of these myelosuppressive regimens, which were previously recommended for treating advanced-stage or metastatic disease, are now preferred for early-stage disease, and neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy is now recommended in more tumor types and stages than ever before. These findings indicate that the cytotoxic agents and regimens recommended today are associated with more myelosuppression than those preferred a decade ago and are more widely used in early-stage disease when survival benefits are possible. Because of this trend toward more intensive treatment of patients with cancer, proactive steps should be taken to minimize the risk for myelosuppression and its complications while optimizing the relative dose intensity.
Differential Roles for Interleukin-23 and Interleukin-17 in Intestinal Immunoregulation
Authors: Joseph R. Maxwell, Yu Zhang, William A. Brown, Carole L. Smith, Fergus R. Byrne, Mike Fiorino, Erin Stevens, Jeannette Bigler, John A. Davis, James B. Rottman, Alison L. Budelsky, Antony Symons, Jennifer E. Towne
Journal: Immunity (2015)
Fatal case of Reye's syndrome associated with H3N2 influenza virus infection and salicylate intake in a 12-year-old patient
Authors: L. Ninove, L. Daniel, J. Gallou, P.-A. Cougard, A. Charpentier, L. Viard, B. Roquelaure, V. Paquis-Flucklinger, X. de Lamballerie, C. Zandotti, R.N. Charrel
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2010)
Risk Assessment and Prophylaxis for VTE in Cancer Patients
Authors: Alok A. Khorana
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2011)

The frequency of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is rising in patients with cancer. VTE contributes to mortality and morbidity, but the risk for VTE can vary widely between individual patients. Clinical risk factors for VTE in cancer include primary site of cancer, use of systemic therapy, surgery, and hospitalization. Biomarkers predictive of VTE include platelet and leukocyte counts, hemoglobin, D-dimer, and tissue factor. A recently validated risk model incorporates 5 easily available variables and can be used clinically to identify patients at increased risk of VTE. In high-risk settings, including surgery and hospitalization, thromboprophylaxis with either unfractionated heparin or low-molecular-weight heparins has been shown to be safe and effective. Recent studies have also suggested a potential benefit for thromboprophylaxis in the ambulatory setting, although criteria for selecting patients for prophylaxis are not currently well defined. This article focuses on recent and ongoing studies of risk assessment and prophylaxis in patients with cancer.
Prevalence of pollinosis in the Basque Country
Authors: A. Azpiri, E. Alonso, P.M. Gamboa, I. Jauregui, I. Antepara, E. Fernandez, L. Férnandez de Corres, M. Audicana, D. Muñoz, A. Escobar
Journal: Allergy (1999)

The prevalence of allergic diseases, mainly pollinosis, has increased within the last decades. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of sensitization to Poaceae pollen in the Basque Country. This is a region of northern Spain, with an area of 7261 km2 and a population of 2109009 inhabitants. Two different climatic regions may be distinguished in the Basque Country (the Atlantic and the Oceanic).A transversal study was carried out on 2216 subjects, aged 10-40 years. A personal interviewwas carried out in order to compile study data, by means of a questionnaire that had been previously validated with a clinical history and an allergy study.Our results show the prevalence of pollinosis in the Basque Country to be 10.6% (C.I. 95% 9.35-11.96%) without significant differences between men and women. The prevalence in the Atlantic climate area (9.71%) was lower than in the Oceanic climate area (13.61%). There were no differences between persons living in a rural environment (10.87%) and those living in an urban setting (10.51%). Pollinosis was more frequent in individuals aged 10-20 (11.41%) and 20-30 (12.54%) than those aged 30-40 years (7.43%). Three features significantly distinguished pollinic from nonpollinic patients: 1) a more common complaint of symptoms after ingestion of Rosaceae fruits or nuts (10.2%) 2) a family history of atopy (8.8%) 3) a greater occurrence of bronchial asthmatic symptoms (23%).
Abstract 3749: Chronic Kidney Disease and Risk for Premature Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Peter A McCullough, Suying Li, Alan J Collins, Shu-Cheng Chen, Claudine T Jurkovitz, Keith C Norris, Samy McFarlane, Bruce Johnson, Michael Shlipak, Chamberlain Obialo, Wendy W Brown, Joseph Vassaloti, George L Bakris
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background . Chronic kidney disease is recognized as an independent cardiovascular disease risk state, particularly in the elderly, and has been defined by levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and markers of kidney damage. The relationship between the presence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and premature cardiovascular disease (CVD) has not been previously described. Methods. Volunteers at risk for chronic kidney disease completed surveys regarding past medical events and underwent blood pressure, and laboratory testing. Estimated GFR was computed using a 4-variable equation and the urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) was measured. Data were stratified by decile of age. Premature CVD was defined as a myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke &lt; age 55 years in men and &lt;65 years in women. Mortality was ascertained by linkage to national data systems. Results. Of 34,614 the mean age was 46.5 γ 11.5 years, 68.5% were female, 36.2% African American, and 23.0% had diabetes. A total of 21.5% were found to have CKD (defined as eGFR &lt; 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and or ACR &gt;= 30 mg/g), with the ACR and eGFR being the dominant positive screening tests for CKD in the younger and older age deciles, respectively, p&lt;0.0001 for both trends. The composite rates of premature MI, stroke, or death for those with and without CKD were 8.0 and 3.9%, p &lt; 0.0001. Multivariate analysis found CKD, OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.26 –1.61; hypertension OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.43–1.89; diabetes, OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.72–2.19; smoking, OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.62 – 2.15; female gender, OR=1.64, 95% CI 1.45–1.87; and less than high school education, OR=1.56, 95% CI 1.35–1.82, as the most significant predictors of premature CVD or death (all p &lt;0.0001). Survival analysis found those with premature MI or stroke and CKD had the poorest short term survival over the next three years after screening, p&lt;0.0001. Conclusions: Chronic kidney disease is an independent predictor of premature MI, stroke, and death. These data suggest the biologic changes that occur with CKD promote CVD at an accelerated rate that cannot be fully explained by conventional risk factors. Screening for CKD by using both the ACR and eGFR can identify individuals at high risk for premature CVD and near term death.
Healthy woman dies in research experiment
Authors: Deborah Josefson
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A 24 year old previously healthy woman has died as a result of participating in a research project as an experimental subject.

Her death raises serious questions about the safety and ethics of human experimentation. The woman, Ellen Roche, worked as a laboratory technician at the Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center's Asthma and Allergy Center in Baltimore, Maryland.

She volunteered as a research subject in a baseline physiological test, which induced asthmatic reactions in people without asthma to determine how bronchiolar reflexes differ between the two populations. Specifically, the study was designed to test a controversial theory of asthma, which holds that people with asthma and those without both react similarly to inhaled irritants-experiencing bronchiolar vasoconstriction-but that people without asthma are able to overcome this reaction through deep inspiration.

The researchers sought to elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying these reactions. The study was directed by Dr Alkis Togias, an associate professor and clinical immunologist at the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions.

It was …
Exercise and sport habits in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis
Authors: Solon Karapanagiotis, Anna Brivio, Simone Gambazza, Chiara Speziali, Carla Colombo
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background Apart from the structured form of exercise training, patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) are encouraged to participate in physical and sporting activities.  Aim To assess the exercise and sport habits of patients with CF and compare them with their healthy peers.  Methods 71 consecutive patients with median age 12 years old (range 6-18) (56% females) seen in the period 12/12 to 01/13 were enrolled. Information were collected through an ad-hoc questionnaire. Values as mean± SD if not reported differently.  Results Median FEV1 was 96.38 % pred. and median BMI percentile 51.9 (IQR 29.4). Analysis of the questionnaire revealed that 63 patients (88%) used to practice extra-curricular exercise-sport activity with the following breakdown: frequency of 2.33±1.15/week, 95.4± 53.5 min/session for 8.5±2.2 months during the previous year. The most frequent sports were swimming (34%), gymnastics (8%) and dance (8%). Minutes of extra-curricular physical activity were not associated with FEV1 (p=.98). Further analysis of the 11-17 years old subpopulation (n=39) showed that patients spent the same amount of time as reported for their healthy peers (86.6% versus 71.1% p=.14) (1).  Conclusions The majority of the CF patients enrolled in this study practise regular exercise and sport activity. Youngsters (11-17 years) seem to spend the same amount of time in exercise-sport activities as their healthy peers, a positive outcome considering the burden of the disease and possible concomitant functional limitations.  1. La Torre G, Masala D, De Vito, Langiano E, Capelli G, Ricciardi W, Extra-curricular physical activity and socioeconomic status in italian adolescents. BMC public health. 2006;6:22.
Costs and effectiveness of a disease management program for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Authors: Anna Porcu, Sara Balestracci, Mariella Polselli, Biagio Marsiglia, Fimmg Progetto Mito, Andrea Macuzzi, Pier Carlo Rossi, Maurizio Moretti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction 

The effect of disease management for COPD is not well established

Objectives 

The effect of integrated care intervention (ICI) on hospital admission was examined and a cost analysis was performed

Methods 

208 COPD patients recruited by general practitioners in Massa-Carrara sanitary district from January 2009 were followed up prospectively. Interventions included individually tailored care plan following GOLD guidelines, educational program on self-management of the disease, treatment supervision during scheduled visits, home visits and phone contacts by specialised nurses.

Results 

Data from the 2-year follow-up were compared with the year prior to its initiation.

ICI decreased the frequency of hospitalization and the mean number of hospitalization days in 1-year follow-up period; these results remained stable after 2 years (table 1). The best clinical results were detected in GOLD 2 and 3 stages. Mean daily cost of pulmonary drugs increased (€ 3.1/patient/year vs € 1.3 in the pre-enrolment year), while mean daily cost of hospitalization decreased from € 5.1/patient/year to € 2.2 (p<0.001).

View this table:

TABLE 1





Conclusions 

The study shows that a standardised ICI based on share-care intervention between primary care and hospital team in COPD patients effectively decreases hospitalizations for exacerbation and total disease costs after 1 year follow-up; these positive results do not change after 2 years.