tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
No increased mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: up to 10 years of follow up from disease onset
Authors: E J A Kroot
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2000)

<h3>OBJECTIVE</h3> To investigate mortality, functional capacity, and prognostic factors for mortality in an inception cohort of patients with recently diagnosed RA followed up for up to 10 years. <h3>METHODS</h3> The observed mortality of this inception cohort with recently diagnosed RA, was analysed in relation to the expected mortality, calculated with the aid of life tables of the general population of the Netherlands (matched for age and sex). Functional capacity was measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire. Prognostic factors for mortality were analysed multivariately by the Cox proportional hazards model. <h3>RESULTS</h3> Between January 1985 and April 1997, 622 patients entered the study, and were included in the analysis of mortality. The death rate in the first 10 years of the disease was not significantly different from that of the general population. Fifty five patients from the study group died (16% up to 10 years of follow up). The most commonly reported causes of death were of cardiovascular and respiratory origin. The other causes of death could be classified into cancer, sepsis, amyloidosis, leukaemia, renal insufficiency of unknown cause, perforation of the oesophagus, probably related to the treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and pancytopenia during aurothioglucose treatment. Functional capacity improved significantly during the first six years compared with the value at start. Statistically significant predictors for death were age at the start and male sex. <h3>CONCLUSIONS</h3> In contrast with earlier studies performed, no excess mortality in the first 10 years of an inception cohort of patients with RA was seen. In addition, the functional capacity was relatively constant during the first six years after an initial improvement from baseline. Age at start and male sex were the only statistically significant predictors for death.
Review: High-dose oral vitamin D supplements and active vitamin D prevent falls in older persons
Authors: John Robbins
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

Source Citation Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Dawson-Hughes B, Staehelin HB, et al. Fall prevention with supplemental and active forms of vitamin D: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2009;339:b3692. 19797342
RECURRENT EVENTS IN PATIENTS WITH PREMATURE ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME: PSYCHOSOCIAL DETERMINANTS AND SEX INTERACTIONS
Authors: Roxanne Pelletier, Igor Karp, Simon Bacon, George Thanassoulis, Karin Humphries, Jafna Cox, Kaberi Dasgupta, Colleen Norris, Styliani Stella Daskalopoulou, Kim Lavoie, Louise Pilote
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Strong evidence that the N21I substitution in the cationic trypsinogen gene causes disease in hereditary pancreatitis
Authors: J M CHEN, B MERCIER, C FEREC
Journal: Gut (1999)

Editor,—We read with great interest the paper by Nishimori et al ( Gut 1999; 44 :259–263) that reported the presence of two cationic trypsinogen gene mutations, the N21I in exon 2 and the R117H in exon 3, in two Japanese families with hereditary pancreatitis. Furthermore, this report showed that these mutations are worldwide and that the defect in cationic trypsinogen is important in the pathogenesis of hereditary pancreatitis. However, these authors questioned whether the N21I mutation …
Public is concerned about gene testing
Authors: E J Brunner, J Sheppard, J Ravetz
Journal: BMJ (1997)

Editor—The decision of the Association of British Insurers that the results of genetic tests should be taken into account when new applications for insurance cover over £100 000 are being considered has created a dilemma for the public.1 As has been suggested, individuals may opt not to be tested or to choose private testing rather than the NHS. This situation potentially compromises the health of those who are at risk of heritable disease …
Primary Cytomegalovirus Infection in Pregnancy
Authors: Sergio Stagno
Journal: JAMA (1986)

We studied 16 218 pregnant women from two income groups to determine the incidence of primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and its consequences for the offspring. In the high-income group, 64.5% of the women were seronegative for CMV and 1.6% had primary CMV infection. In the low-income group, only 23.4% of the women were seronegative for CMV, but 3.7% experienced a primary infection. The rate of transmission in utero was similar in the two groups (39% and 31%). Congenital infections were more frequent in the low-income group; however, primary CMV accounted for 25% of the congenital infections in this group, in contrast to 63% of the high-income cases. Infections acquired early and late in gestation had similar rates of transmission in utero, but three infants (8%) with symptomatic congenital infection and five infants (13.5%) who have developed significant handicaps were exposed in the first half of pregnancy. Primary CMV infection during pregnancy poses a 30% to 40% risk of intrauterine transmission and adverse outcome is more likely when infection occurs within the first half of gestation. (<i>JAMA</i>1986;256:1904-1908)
Creatine Kinase Activity Following Strenuous Exertion-Reply
Authors: Arthur J. Siegel
Journal: JAMA (1982)

<h3>In Reply.—</h3> The values for total CK activity observed by Brown et al are consistent with the prerace and postrace serial values for total CK activity reported by us in a group of marathon runners.<sup>1</sup>We observed a mean postrace total creatine kinase level of 3,424 units/L in 15 runners after the 1979 Boston Marathon.<sup>1</sup>These samples were obtained roughly 24 hours after the completion of the race, which corresponded to the peak values as determined in a subgroup of subjects tested more frequently. The postrace peaks in total serum CK activity ranged widely from twice that of normal (319 units/L) to almost 100 times normal (9,260 units/ L). The extraordinarily high values seemed to cluster in high-achieving recreational-type runners who had undertrained in terms of weekly mileage for the maximal effort expended in the race. These values represent considerable transient exertional rhabdomyolysis, with persistent abnormal creatine kinase
Hepatitis E virus superinfection in patients with chronic liver disease
Authors: Saeed S. Hamid, Muslim Atiq, Farooq Shehzad, Aneela Yasmeen, Tayyabun Nissa, Abdul Salam, Anwar Siddiqui, Wasim Jafri
Journal: Hepatology (2002)

Infection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) can cause severe illness in adult patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) caused by hepatitis C. In endemic areas such as South Asia, however, most adult patients already have been exposed to HAV but could still be susceptible to hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection. We document that HEV superinfection in 4 of our CLD patients caused severe liver decompensation. We then determined the seroprevalence of HAV and HEV in 233 patients with stable CLD, with the goal of defining the need for protection against these viruses in these patients. Overall, 41 (17.5%) of 233 CLD patients were HEV antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG)-positive, and 228 of 233 (97.8%) were HAV IgG-positive. As controls, we tested 90 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteer blood donors for HAV and HEV antibodies IgG. There was no difference in the percentage of CLD patients and blood donors positive for HEV antibody IgG (17.7% vs. 17.5%) or for HAV IgG (97.8% vs. 94%). No differences were observed in the severity of liver disease between previously HEV-exposed and -nonexposed patients. In conclusion, superinfection with HEV in patients with underlying CLD can cause severe hepatic decompensation leading to increased morbidity and mortality. The large majority of adult CLD patients in endemic countries are vulnerable to infection with HEV, but are protected against hepatitis A, and are ideal candidates for an HEV vaccine.
PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS AND PETIT MAL VARIANT, A TELEMETER STUDY
Authors: C. L. YEAGER, A. J. GIANASCOL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

The study of behavior and the electroencephalogram has been enhanced by sound motion picture photography and EEG telemetry. The technique led to an unexpected degree of reduction of muscle and electrical artifacts resulting from the elimination of strong electrical fields previously produced by moving electrode wires. The data are permanently available for repeated study and evaluation. A study of the first film produced using these techniques led to the following observations: 1. In one instance what appeared to be a petit mal variant seemed to follow the child's disappointment. A buildup of paroxysmal activity on the EEG culminated in a momentary lapse in the child's responsiveness. 2. Other paroxysmal dysrhythmias of less amplitude and duration could not be correlated with any apparent change in behavior. 3. During periods of pleasurable activity and relaxation, his EEG returned to a relatively normal appearance. 4. One instance of the child's focusing his attention, apparently aborting a dysrhythmic buildup, was described.
Abstract SY12-04: Regulation of normal and cancer stem cell self renewal and senescence by USP16
Authors: Michael F. Clarke
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Down syndrome (DS) is a complex clinical syndrome associated with multiple pathological conditions including deficits in motor skills and learning. DS has also been associated with early onset and higher incidence of aging-related phenomena such as Alzheimer's disease. Recently, it has been proposed that the aging process is correlated with an impaired or exhausted ability of stem cells to self-renew. we show that in Ts65Dn mice, trisomic for 132 genes homologous to HSA21, triplication of Usp16 reduces self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells and expansion of mammary epithelial cells, neural progenitors, and fibroblasts. Moreover, Usp16 is associated with decreased ubiquitination of Cdkn2a and accelerated senescence in Ts65Dn fibroblasts. Usp16 can remove ubiquitin from H2AK119, a critical mark for the maintenance of multiple somatic tissues. Downregulation of Usp16, either by mutation of a single normal USP16 allele or by shRNAs, largely rescues all these defects. Furthermore, in human tissues overexpression of USP16 reduces the expansion of normal fibroblasts and post-natal neural progenitors while downregulation of USP16 partially rescues the proliferation defects of DS fibroblasts. Taken together, these results suggest that USP16 plays an important role in antagonizing the self-renewal and/or senescence pathways in Down syndrome and could serve as an attractive target to ameliorate some of the associated pathologies. Down syndrome patients also have a decreased incidence of solid tumors including breast cancer. The potential role of USP16 in human breast cancer will be discussed. Citation Format: Michael F. Clarke. Regulation of normal and cancer stem cell self renewal and senescence by USP16. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr SY12-04. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-SY12-04
Nitric oxide activity in complex atheromatous plaques
Authors: Dimitris Tousoulie, Costas Tentolouris, Tom Crake, Costas Toutouzas, Athansios Trikas, Christos Pitsavos, Christodoulos Stefanadis, Graham Davies, Pavlos Toutouzas
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2002)
CARE AND REPAIR OF THE FEMALE PERINEUM.
Authors: E. L. LARKINS
Journal: JAMA (1899)

To make a comprehensive study of the anatomy, physiology and pathology of the perineum, it must be preceded by at least a somewhat cursory description of its anatomic relations. In order to do this, the whole pelvis must be viewed in profile as well as in sagittal section, and that part which immediately concerns the subject is the inferior aperture or outlet. According to Gray: "Its deep boundaries are in front, the pubic arch and subpubic ligaments; behind, the tip of the coccyx; and on each side, the rami of the pubes and ischium, the tuberosities of the ischium, and great sacrosciatic ligaments. The space included by these boundaries is somewhat lozenge-shaped, and is limited on the surface of the body by the scrotum in the male, and the mons veneris in the female in front; by the buttocks behind; and on each side by the inner side of the
P286 Implementing a COPD Discharge Care Bundle: The Challenges and Facilitators Revealed: Abstract P286 Table 1
Authors: H Musgrave, C Howe, S Green, L Lennox, S Elkin, S Wilson, B Mann, D Lai
Journal: Thorax (2012)

<h3>Introductions/Objectives</h3> The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Collaboration for Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for Northwest London worked with clinicians and patients to develop a COPD discharge care bundle, which has been implemented across 7 acute hospitals using quality improvement (QI) methodology. The aim of this study is to identify the challenges encountered by teams in implementing the care bundle and the associated solutions and facilitators which will inform future implementation across other sites. <h3>Methods</h3> An initial retrospective documentary analysis of data from the clinical implementation teams was undertaken. Data sources included minutes from 6, 12 and 18 month review meetings as well as contemporaneous records documented by the implementation team. The second stage involved collaborative learning workshops with 4 implementation teams. These workshops focused on reviewing the challenges identified in the first stage of analysis and identifying any challenges that had been missed. A discussion followed where the teams identified the solutions and facilitators that were developed during the project. <h3>Results</h3> The first stage of analysis identified a number of challenges, some of which were common to all sites. The most common challenges related to the 5 following high-level themes: staffing, infrastructure, process, QI methodology and patient and public involvement. Within these themes 28 key challenges were identified. In the second stage of analysis teams demonstrated that they had developed solutions to address specific challenges. For example, a project team shared their experience of a mapping session which helped them better understand the flow of patients in their setting and led to improvements in compliance to the COPD discharge care bundle. <h3>Conclusions</h3> There has been increasing enthusiasm to adopt the COPD bundle across the region but the implementation of new interventions poses challenges to both those planning and delivering such initiatives. Understanding and learning from the challenges faced by previous endeavours and the facilitators to overcoming these barriers provides an opportunity to mitigate issues that cost time and resource and ensure training tailored to the anticipated challenges.
Who Says It Is Terminal?
Authors: B. J. Kennedy
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Patients with advanced cancer are subjected to no greater cruelty than when referred to as having "terminal" cancer or being a "terminal cancer patient." It is unjust to continue to use this term, which distorts the truth about cancer in an era when so much can be offered to these patients. Physicians often use the word "terminal" when they want to say that the disease is not curable. For instance, if a malignant neoplasm is not removable by surgery, the patient's condition may be labeled as "terminal." Even dictionaries propagate this misconception: "Terminal: occurring at or contributing to the end of life, as in cancer... terminal cancer." Yet patients with chronic congestive heart failure, severe emphysema, cirrhosis of the liver, advanced diabetes mellitus, and numerous other chronic diseases that result in death rarely have their disease deemed terminal. Patients whose conditions are called terminal undergo severe emotional stress, and decisions
Sporadic Cases of Legionnaires' Disease in Great Britain
Authors: C. L. R. BARTLETT
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Data on sporadic cases of Legionnaires' disease in Great Britain reported to the Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre, London, and the Communicable Diseases (Scotland) Unit, Glasgow, were analysed. Eighty-four cases, including 18 patients who died, were identified with dates of onset between 1 January 1976 and 30 September 1978. The age and sex distribution showed a predominance of middle-aged men. The incidence trends suggest that true seasonal variation may occur. Eighteen patients developed illness during or shortly after a holiday abroad. All patients had pneumonia, but many also had features suggesting involvement of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract. Person-to-person spread was not observed.
Achalasia Secondary to Carcinoma: Manometric and Clinical Features
Authors: HAROLD J. TUCKER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

The clinical and diagnostic features of a secondary type of achalasia of the esophagus are described in seven patients with various types of malignancies. Patients with secondary achalasia presented with dysphagia of short duration and marked weight loss; mean age was 64 years. Esophageal manometry showed features identical to those of idiopathic primary achalasia: aperistalsis, poor lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, and elevated sphincter pressure. Endoscopy and barium swallow showed evidence of a tumor in only two cases. Various types of malignancies may produce a secondary form of achalasia that has diagnostic features identical to those of primary achalasia and is best identified by its clinical presentation.
Online video sharing and patients' privacy
Authors: H. F L Wertheim, J. Farrar, P. Horby
Journal: BMJ (2009)

<h3>ABSTRACT</h3> Avian keratin disorder (AKD), a disease characterized by debilitating beak overgrowth but with unknown etiology, has increasingly affected wild bird populations since the 1990s. We previously showed that a novel picornavirus, Poecivirus, is closely correlated with disease status in Black-capped Chickadees (<i>Poecile atricapillus</i>) in Alaska. However, our knowledge of the relationship between Poecivirus and beak deformities in other species and other geographic areas remains limited. The growing geographic scope and number of species affected by AKD-like beak deformities require a better understanding of the causative agent to evaluate the population-level impacts of this epizootic. Here, we tested eight individuals from six avian species with AKD-consistent deformities for the presence of Poecivirus: Mew Gull (<i>Larus canus</i>), Hairy Woodpecker (<i>Picoides villosus</i>), Black-billed Magpie (<i>Pica hudsonia</i>), Northwestern Crow (<i>Corvus caurinus</i>), Red-breasted Nuthatch (<i>Sitta canadensis</i>), and Blackpoll Warbler (<i>Setophaga striata</i>); individuals were sampled in Alaska and Maine (1999-2016). We used targeted PCR followed by Sanger sequencing to test for the presence of Poecivirus in each specimen, and to obtain viral genome sequence from virus-positive host individuals. We detected Poecivirus in all individuals tested, but not in negative controls. Furthermore, we used unbiased metagenomic sequencing to test for the presence of other pathogens in six of these specimens (Hairy Woodpecker, two Northwestern Crows, two Red-breasted Nuthatches, Blackpoll Warbler). This analysis yielded additional viral sequence from several specimens, including the complete coding region of Poecivirus from one Red-breasted Nuthatch, which we confirmed via targeted PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. This study demonstrates that Poecivirus is present in individuals with AKD-consistent deformities from six avian species other than Black-capped Chickadee. While further investigation will be required to explore whether there exists a causal link between this virus and AKD, this study demonstrates that Poecivirus is not geographically restricted to Alaska, but rather occurs elsewhere in North America.
Sclerodermalike Esophageal Disease in Children of Mothers With Silicone Breast Implants
Authors: Merry Liau
Journal: JAMA (1994)

To the Editor.  —Silicone breast implants have recently come under scrutiny because of the portrayal of the perceived risk associated with silicone breast implants by the media and popular press. Our interest in this subject began with inquiries to our antenatal clinic for drug and chemical risk counseling (the Motherisk Program) from individuals who were concerned about the potential effect of breast-feeding their infants while having silicone breast implants. Recent findings of sclerodermalike esophageal disease in children breast-fed by mothers with silicone breast implants 1 have raised questions about whether significant amounts of silicone are excreted in milk. However, no published data are available to date.  We analyzed human milk for silicon concentrations in three women: two women with silicone gel breast implants and one control woman without silicone implants. The technique of inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry 2 with a detection limit of 0.5 mg/L was used for the
Do we need two systems for reasoning?
Authors: Klaus Oberauer
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2000)

The hypothesis of two separate reasoning systems, one subserving individual goals and the other our genes, is theoretically implausible and not supported by the data. As an alternative, I propose a single system for analytical reasoning backed up by simple mechanisms for the selection of relevant information. This system can generate normative behavior as well as systematic deviations from it.
Peace, Love and Healing: Bodymind Communication and the Path to Self-Healing: An Exploration
Authors: John M. Merrill
Journal: JAMA (1990)

Dear Bernie: Your book emphasized you like to be called "Bernie," so I know you would hate a reviewer saying things like, "Dr Siegel's follow-up to<i>Love, Medicine, and Miracles</i>is a more conscientious book" (it's better annotated, more cogently argued), or "the author is no longer advocating a personal program that approaches a religion." Bernie, I wanted to believe your first book, though not so much as my oncology patients did. Now this book I can work with, because I do not fear it will hurt my patients, who might have been in a "blaming the victim" bind if they did not achieve a miracle by the end of your initial book. I hope that my and others' patients who failed your first book will try again. I like your exhortation for patients to participate in their care. Your warnings not to be doomed by statistics or protocols, or
Nurse Clinician Program for Diabetic Outpatient Care.
Authors: A. N. Bessman
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Nurse Clinician Program for Diabetic Outpatient Care.A. N. Bessman, M.D., F.A.C.P.A. N. Bessman, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-854_5 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe need for outpatient services and the shortage of physicians demand that alternative health care systems be devised. A nurse clinician program designed both to provide this service in the outpatient setting and to compare the quality of medical care with that delivered by the traditional house staff—senior-staff-physician system was initiated in January 1969. The study encompasses 250 patients in each group with a maximum follow-up of 2½ hours and a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Patients in the two clinics were equivalent in age, sex, severity of diabetes, and socioeconomic background. The nurses in the clinic had an intensive... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Los Angeles, Calif. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 854-855KeywordsHealth careHealth care qualityNursesOutpatients Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF DownloadLoading ...