tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A CONTRIBUTION TO THE RELATION BETWEEN PROTEID CLEAVAGE PRODUCTS AND ANAPHYLAXIS
Authors: John Auer, Donald D. Van Slyke
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1913)

Examination of the anaphylactic lung by means of Van Slyke's amino nitrogen method gave no evidence of an increased amount of proteid cleavage products of any kind in this organ. This investigation gives no support to the hypothesis that the true anaphylactic lung of the guinea pig is caused by proteid split products.
Persistent Subcutaneous Nodules in Children Hyposensitized with Aluminium‐Containing Allergen Extracts
Authors: L. Frost, P. Johansen, S. Pedersen, N. Veien, P. AabelØstergaard, M. H. Nielsen
Journal: Allergy (1985)

A follow‐up study of 202 children who had received hyposensitization with aluminium‐containing allergens showed that 1–3 years after cessation of hyposensitization 13 children still had severely pruiginous treatment‐resistant subcutaneous nodules in their forearms. Because of their long persistence the nodules of six children were studied in detail. Histologically, the nodules showed infiltration with lymphocytes (forming germinal centres), macrophages, plasma cells, mast cells and a few cosinophils. In five patients aluminium crystals were found scattered between the cells and, in addition, the phagosomes of the macrophages contained aluminium. Patch tests for aluminium were positive in four of the six patients. It is concluded that persisting nodules during hyposensitization with aluminium‐containing allergens may indicate development of aluminium hypersensitivity, and if this is confirmed hyposensitization should be discontinued.
Scuba Diving and Bleomycin Therapy
Authors: Claude L. Zanetti
Journal: JAMA (1990)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The advice given by Drs Jules-Elysee and Stover in Questions and Answers<sup>1</sup>regarding safe return to scuba diving following bleomycin sulfate therapy is not entirely correct. While most scuba divers breathe compressed air (21% oxygen), the partial pressure of oxygen in the inspired air is a direct function of the depth of the dive.<sup>2</sup>For every 9.9 m of sea water dive depth, the ambient barometric pressure to which the diver is exposed increases by 1 atm. At a dive depth of 19.8 m of sea water (3 atm total pressure), the partial pressure of inspired oxygen in a scuba diver breathing compressed air is 0.63 atm, equivalent to breathing 63% oxygen on the surface. At a dive depth of 29.7 m of sea water, not an unusual depth for many sport divers, the partial pressure of oxygen is 0.84 atm, equivalent to breathing 84%
Acceleration of the thrombin inactivation of single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (pro-urokinase) by thrombomodulin.
Authors: G A de Munk, E Groeneveld, D C Rijken
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1991)

The in vitro effects of thrombomodulin on the inactivation of single chain urokinase-type plasminogen activator (scu-PA) by thrombin were investigated by incubating scu-PA with varying concentrations of human thrombin, in both the absence and presence of soluble rabbit thrombomodulin. 50% inactivation of scu-PA occurred in 45 min at 160 ng/ml thrombin in the absence of thrombomodulin and at 4.6 ng/ml thrombin in the presence of thrombomodulin. No difference was found in either the absence or the presence of thrombomodulin between the inactivation rates of high molecular weight scu-PA, and a low molecular weight scu-PA which lacked the growth factor and kringle domains. Enzyme kinetic experiments with varying concentrations of scu-PA showed that thrombomodulin decreased the Km of thrombin for scu-PA from 7.8 to 0.43 microM and increased the kcat from 0.30 to 1.2 s-1, corresponding to a 70-fold increase in the second-order rate constant kcat/Km. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that scu-PA was cleaved into two chains upon inactivation by thrombin, and confirmed the acceleration effect of thrombomodulin on inactivation of scu-PA. Thrombomodulin thus not only has anticoagulant properties but is also antifibrinolytic. The acceleration may imply a new mechanism for the regulation of local plasminogen activator activity on the cell surface.
Fluoride for the Treatment of Osteoporosis
Authors: Valerie P. Weil
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1999)

Letters2 February 1999Fluoride for the Treatment of OsteoporosisJean Yves Reginster, MD, PhDJean Yves Reginster, MD, PhDCHU Centre Ville; B4020 Liege, BelgiumSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-130-3-199902020-00011 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:We agree with Dr. Weil that the changes in biochemical markers reflecting bone turnover are not striking. We have used lower doses of fluoride than did previous trials that showed quicker and higher increases in bone formation, evidenced by an increase in biochemical markers of bone formation and an increase in bone mineral density (mainly at trabecular sites). Nevertheless, the increase in serum alkaline phosphatase level reached the level of statistical significance at the end of our study. Given such a low dose of fluoride, the size of our sample and the high variability of biochemical determinations of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Jean Yves Reginster, MD, PhDAffiliations: CHU Centre Ville; B4020 Liege, Belgium PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsSee AlsoThe Effect of Sodium Monofluorophosphate plus Calcium on Vertebral Fracture Rate in Postmenopausal Women with Moderate Osteoporosis Jean Yves Reginster , Laurence Meurmans , Brigitte Zegels , Lucio C. Rovati , Helmut W. Minne , Gianpaolo Giacovelli , Anne N. Taquet , Ivo Setnikar , Julien Collette , and Christiane Gosset Fluoride for the Treatment of Osteoporosis Valerie P. Weil Fluoride for the Treatment of Osteoporosis Gerson T. Lesser Metrics 2 February 1999Volume 130, Issue 3 Page: 240-241 Keywords Biomarkers Bone Bone density Bone remodeling Bone resorption Calcium Menopause Osteoporosis Phosphatases Urine ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 2 February 1999 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1999 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 2688: Color-coded imaging of the pre-metastatic niche in the lung and liver indicates the involvement of cancer-associated fibroblasts
Authors: Atsushi Suetsugu, Masashi Momiyama, Yosuke Osawa, Hisataka Moriwaki, Michael Bouvet, Shigetoyo Saji, Robert M. Hoffman
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract We report here a color-coded imaging model in which the development of pre-metastatic niches in the lung and liver can be identified. The transgenic green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing mouse was used as the host which expresses GFP in all organs but dimly in the parenchymal cells of the liver. Mouse breast cancer cells (MMT), expressing red fluorescent protein (RFP), were injected in the tail vein of GFP nude mice to establish a lung metastasis model and in the spleen of GFP nude mice to establish a liver metastasis model. Niche formation in the lung and liver metastasis was observed using the Olympus OV100, IV100, and FV1000 imaging systems. In the lung, GFP host- mouse cells accumulated around a single RFP cancer cell. In addition, GFP host cells were observed to form circle-shaped niches in the lung even without RFP cancer cells, which was possibly a niche in which future metastasis could be formed. In the liver, as with the lung, GFP host cells could form circle-shaped niches without RFP cancer cells. The accumulation of host GFP cells before metastasis formation was observed in the live mouse, enabling cancer-cell niche-interaction to be observed as well as the premetastatic niche in real time. The liver and lung metastases were removed surgically and cultured in vitro. MMT-RFP cells and GFP cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were observed in the dish, suggesting that CAFs initiated the premetastatic niche. This is in contrast with previous studies which suggested that bone marrow cells initiated the premetastatic mice (Nature 438, 820-827, 2005). Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2688. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2688
Flexible Rectosigmoidoscopy in the Detection of Tumoral Colonic Lesions
Authors: R. Lambert, C. Olive, M. Melange, R. Chabanon
Journal: Endoscopy (1978)

The fibrorectosigmoidocope Olympus TCF I S, has been systematically applied to the exploration of the distal colon (rectum and sigmoid) in patients with intestinal or digestive extra intestinal symptoms. In the first 300 patients the technical parameters of the method were tested: the fleet enema preparation was found excellent or satisfactory in 95% of examinations. The tolerance was good in 96% of examinations--the mean length of operation was 5.15 min--the mean length of colon examined was 48.5 cm, the distance of 50 cm being surpassed in 50% of patients. The efficacy in the detection of the lesions was tested in 476 patients. Tumoral colonic lesions were detected in 105 patients with a total of 125 adenomas and 31 cancers. In the area that could have been explored by a rigid rectosigmoidoscope (0-19 cm) we found 71 lesions (50 adenoma and 10 carcinoma), whereas beyond this limit (25-60 cm) 85 lesions (50 adenoma and 10 carcinoma).
Ewing Sarcoma Fusion Protein EWSR1/FLI1 Interacts with EWSR1 Leading to Mitotic Defects in Zebrafish Embryos and Human Cell Lines
Authors: Lisa J. Embree, Mizuki Azuma, Dennis D. Hickstein
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

The mechanism whereby the fusion of EWSR1 with the ETS transcription factor FLI1 contributes to malignant transformation in Ewing sarcoma remains unclear. We show that injection of human or zebrafish EWSR1/FLI1 mRNA into developing zebrafish embryos leads to mitotic defects with multipolar and disorganized mitotic spindles. Expression of human EWSR1/FLI1 in HeLa cells also results in mitotic defects, along with mislocalization of Aurora kinase B, a key regulator of mitotic progression. Because these mitotic abnormalities mimic those observed with the knockdown of EWSR1 in zebrafish embryos and HeLa cells, we investigated whether EWSR1/FLI1 interacts with EWSR1 and interferes with its function. EWSR1 coimmunoprecipitates with EWSR1/FLI1, and overexpression of EWSR1 rescues the mitotic defects in EWSR1/FLI1-transfected HeLa cells. This interaction between EWSR1/FLI1 and EWSR1 in Ewing sarcoma may induce mitotic defects leading to genomic instability and subsequent malignant transformation.
Somatic FAS mutations are common in patients with genetically undefined autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome
Authors: Kennichi C. Dowdell, Julie E. Niemela, Susan Price, Joie Davis, Ronald L. Hornung, João Bosco Oliveira, Jennifer M. Puck, Elaine S. Jaffe, Stefania Pittaluga, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Thomas A. Fleisher, V. Koneti Rao
Journal: Blood (2010)
Using clinical databases in practice
Authors: N. Black
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Information in practice p 29 

In the past decade clinical databases have become increasingly widely used in all industrialised countries. This has been accompanied by enhancements in their quality as a result of greater understanding of the requirements for scientific rigour and the availability of technology that can automate processes such as validity checking. Meanwhile recognition has been growing of the uses to which high quality clinical databases can be put—evaluative research, clinical audit, and managing services.1 A further but less widely recognised application is that of helping patients, together with their practitioners, to make informed decisions about their clinical management.

An example of such an application is the use of a breast cancer database in …
Convergent losses of decay mechanisms and rapid turnover of symbiosis genes in mycorrhizal mutualists
Authors: Annegret Kohler, Alan Kuo, Laszlo G Nagy, Emmanuelle Morin, Kerrie W Barry, Francois Buscot, Björn Canbäck, Cindy Choi, Nicolas Cichocki, Alicia Clum, Jan Colpaert, Alex Copeland, Mauricio D Costa, Jeanne Doré, Dimitrios Floudas, Mariangela Girlanda, Bernard Henrissat, Sylvie Herrmann, Jaqueline Hess, Nils Högberg, Tomas Johansson, Hassine-Radhouane Khouja, Kurt LaButti, Urs Lahrmann, Anthony Levasseur, Erika A Lindquist, Anna Lipzen, Roland Marmeisse, Elena Martino, Claude Murat, Chew Y Ngan, Uwe Nehls, Jonathan M Plett, Anne Pringle, Robin A Ohm, Silvia Perotto, Martina Peter, Robert Riley, Francois Rineau, Joske Ruytinx, Asaf Salamov, Firoz Shah, Hui Sun, Mika Tarkka, Andrew Tritt, Claire Veneault-Fourrey, Alga Zuccaro, Anders Tunlid, Igor V Grigoriev, David S Hibbett, Francis Martin
Journal: Nature Genetics (2015)

Francis Martin and colleagues report genome sequences for 18 species of mycorrhizal fungi and a phylogenomic analysis including 32 other fungal genomes. The study identifies cell wall-degradation genes lost in all true ectomycorrhizal species and, using gene expression data, finds candidate genes for the establishment of symbiosis. To elucidate the genetic bases of mycorrhizal lifestyle evolution, we sequenced new fungal genomes, including 13 ectomycorrhizal (ECM), orchid (ORM) and ericoid (ERM) species, and five saprotrophs, which we analyzed along with other fungal genomes. Ectomycorrhizal fungi have a reduced complement of genes encoding plant cell wall–degrading enzymes (PCWDEs), as compared to their ancestral wood decayers. Nevertheless, they have retained a unique array of PCWDEs, thus suggesting that they possess diverse abilities to decompose lignocellulose. Similar functional categories of nonorthologous genes are induced in symbiosis. Of induced genes, 7–38% are orphan genes, including genes that encode secreted effector-like proteins. Convergent evolution of the mycorrhizal habit in fungi occurred via the repeated evolution of a 'symbiosis toolkit', with reduced numbers of PCWDEs and lineage-specific suites of mycorrhiza-induced genes.
'Public health problem' of violence receives epidemiologic attention
Authors: William A. Check
Journal: JAMA (1985)

In a darkened auditorium at a national medical meeting, a series of slides flashes on the screen. They show a young man pointing to where he shot himself in the chest. A tape player presents the man's introspective commentary, in which he speaks of how he has felt periodically depressed, abused alcohol and other drugs, alienated his girlfriend, and how one night he called the police, telling them that he was going to shoot himself. The police came, the speaker says, and he "felt I had to go through with it." So, he says, he shot himself. He survived to relate his story to psychiatrist Mark Rosenberg, MD, who tells the assembled physicians: "It's hard to learn about suicide because the people who have the answers are gone. His [the tape-recorded speaker's] story gives us some valuable insights." This is only one unorthodox part of an unorthodox presentation in
National survey of detention and TB
Authors: R J COKER
Journal: Thorax (2001)

seem to be specific to PCH, demonstrating the usefulness of HRCT scanning for diagnosis of this disease.Other previously reported CT findings of the disease include increased soft tissue density of the mediastinum 1 2 and mediastinal and hilar lymph adenopathies, 7 but such findings were absent in our case.Possible explanations for the stable condition of our case over a long period are either that it was a chance discovery of an early phase of the disease by HRCT scanning or that PCH has separate subtypes with diVering speeds of progression.Wider use of HRCT scanning and more extensive understanding of PCH would resolve this issue in the future.
Differentiation between diverticulitis and diverticulosis.
Authors: H C Anton
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Health Conference referred to the Public Health Commit- tee a motion on family planning involving "identification and follow up (italics mine) . . . of individuals who may fail to pro- vide satisfactory parental care."The intentions are clear.One speaker, Dr. J. T. Clow, was perhaps more percipient than the Con- ference, considering it unwise "in terms of the freedom of the individual."Pregnancies may be unwanted but they can hardly be said to be unforeseeable.Unplanned pregnancies are now equated far too readily with unwanted babies and con- genital delinquency, etc.Mr. Douglas Houghton' obviously believes the State should intervene to require family limitation, though he acknowledges the difficulty of reconciling this with declarations of human rights.If this resolution is accepted by the B.M.A.
Merck's Actions Surrounding Vioxx
Authors: Michael Heinley
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2006)

Merck has always been committed to the highest standards of scientific integrity, patient safety, and ethics. In his part of the PLoS Medicine Debate entitled “What Are the Public Health Effects of Direct-to-Consumer Drug Advertising,” Richard Kravitz incorrectly characterizes Merck's actions surrounding Vioxx [ 1]. 

Any suggestion that Merck acted improperly in the development and marketing of Vioxx is simply false. Vioxx was a widely used medicine because it served as an effective therapy for patients for whom—in many instances—no other alternative medicine worked. Merck's marketing efforts for Vioxx provided balanced and accurate information about both the product's considerable benefits for patients living with chronic pain as well as its potential risks.

Merck remains committed to producing innovative, safe, and therapeutic medicines for patients and to upholding the highest standards of scientific integrity. Our reputation in the industry, with patients and our community, is that of a company that puts patients first. We intend to keep it that way.

To learn more about Merck's actions, please visit the Vioxx Information Center on our Web site at http://www.merck.com/newsroom.
Prognostic value of the absolute degree of ST-segment elevation of the ECG at baseline and after primary angioplasty: Analysis from the CADILLAC trial
Authors: Eve D. Aymong, Michael G. McLaughlin, Peter Zimetbaum, Cindy L. Grines, James E. Tcheng, David A. Cox, Thomas D. Stuckey, Mark Turco, Eulogia Garcia, John J. Griffin, Roxana Mehran, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2003)
Levetiracetam and lamotrigine are better options
Authors: I. Iniesta
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Nulman’s statement that carbamazepine is the antiepileptic drug of choice in pregnancy does not reflect evidence based clinical practice.1 Carbamazepine is contraindicated in one of the most common epilepsies—idiopathic generalised epilepsy.

Randomised controlled trials have shown lamotrigine to be the best choice for partial onset epilepsies in the general population because …
Individualized Education in Appropriateness of Prescribing
Authors: Daniel M. Barr
Journal: JAMA (1981)

To the Editor.—  Manning and his colleagues (1980;244:1112) at the University of Southern California (Los Angeles) recently reported results of a potentially useful individualized drug-prescribing educational program.  I applaud their intent and directions but have concerns about the validity of their conceptual and methodological approach. These concerns were heightened by the excited and laudatory yet uncritical editorial in the same issue by Marvin E. Johnson, MD (1980;244:1133).  The simplicity of the authors' method of duplicate prescriptions incorporating characteristics of an encounter form (patient's age, sex, weight, condition prompting the prescription, other relevant problems, other medications currently taken, and the date of the next scheduled visit) was elegant. Yet, they derived conclusions from these few data that might not be supported if the entire record or an audiovisual recording of the encounter with the record were available. For example, prescription of antibiotics for nonspecific symptoms could represent poor practice; it could
Letter: Status of medical laboratory scientists.
Authors: A D Farr
Journal: BMJ (1976)

others,3 emphasise the need for a standard- ised stimulus and a standardised means of measuring the dermographic response.Only with standardised testing procedures can we estimate with confidence (a) the incidence of dermographism among patients and nonpatients and (b) the relationship between dermographism and other cutaneous responses (for example, chronic urticaria and hyper- reactivity to intradermal allergy testing).)
They Asked for Death
Authors: George E. Hall
Journal: JAMA (1971)

Most books written about murder and the parties involved in it approach the subject from the viewpoint of the murderer. Obviously, this ignores half of the problem—the victim! Studies have indicated that 75% to 80% of all murders are committed by a relative, friend, acquaintance, or associate of the victim. Between any two friends or relatives there is a stability line, called the "threshold of murder." The victim and the perpetrator each have happy moments above the line and moments of disagreement and argument on or below the line. As long as their "ups and downs" do not meet on the threshold, life will continue. One day, however, they both hit the "threshold of murder" at the same time and the tragedy that fate has been preventing occurs. This meeting could just as well have taken place 5, 10, 20, or 30 years earlier or not at all, or the
Secreted virulence factor comparison between methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and its relevance to atopic dermatitis
Authors: Patrick M. Schlievert, Kristi L. Strandberg, Ying-Chi Lin, Marnie L. Peterson, Donald Y.M. Leung
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2010)
Cyclosporin in atopic dermatitis: time to relapse and effect of intermittent therapy
Authors: H. GRANLUND, P. ERKKO, M. SINISALO, S. REITAMO
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1995)

The efficacy of cyclosporin (CyA) in the induction of remission in atopic dermatitis has been documented in controlled studies. However, little information is available on the duration of remission after CyA treatment. We studied the length of remission in 43 patients with severe atopic dermatitis after a 6-week treatment period with CyA at 5 mg/kg per day. After a follow-up of 6-26 weeks, depending on the time-point of relapse, a second treatment period with CyA, identical to the first, was performed. Disease activity was evaluated bi-weekly, using six different parameters: 1, a total body disease activity score; 2, the extent of the disease; 3, the occurrence of itch; 4, the occurrence of sleep disturbance; 5, the use of topical emollients; and 6, the use of topical hydrocortisone. A significant decrease in disease activity was observed. The total body disease activity score decreased from the baseline score of 31 to 11.6 at the end of the first part and to 13.4 at the end of the second part of the study. An almost maximal response to treatment was already apparent after 2 weeks of treatment. All the other efficacy parameters studied also showed a significant response to CyA treatment. A similar response to CyA was seen when the patients were re-treated. After both treatment periods, approximately half of the patients relapsed after 2 weeks (42% first part; 54% second part). After 6 weeks follow-up, the relapse rates were 71 and 90%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)