tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Case 38-1978
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Dwight R. Robinson, Austin L. Vickery
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1978)

Presentation of CaseA 61-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of carcinoma of the lung.He was well until two years previously, when arthralgia of the feet, ankles and knees occurred; oxyphenbutazone was administered. Four months before admission a dry cough developed, with dyspnea and edema. Two months later he began to have chills and fever, with rise of the temperature as high as 38.9°C each afternoon.One month before entry the patient returned to his physician, who reported that he had "fluid in the lungs." He entered another hospital, where x-ray films of the chest revealed a . . .
The White Cell
Authors: Harriet S. Gilbert
Journal: JAMA (1976)

This discussion of the white blood cell is aimed at a sophisticated audience, and, while it cuts across many disciplines of cell biology, microbiology, immunology, viral oncology, and cell and tissue kinetics, it would be of interest primarily to the hematologist. The objectives of this book, as stated in the preface, are to review critically the existing body of knowledge of normal and abnormal leukocyte physiology and, in doing so, to reach a compromise between a superficial treatment and a set of encyclopedias. The result of this effort is a large book, both literally and figuratively. The book has been divided into three parts, each devoted to a major class of white blood cell. Each part has a similar construction, in which the reader is led from a presentation of basic information about morphogenesis, production, composition, and metabolism, into a discussion of abnormalities of these various aspects of leukocyte physiology.
Performance and Reporting of Clinical Breast Examination: A Review of the Literature
Authors: S. McDonald, D. Saslow, M. H. Alciati
Journal: CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians (2004)

Clinical breast examination (CBE) seeks to detect breast abnormalities or evaluate patient reports of symptoms to find palpable breast cancers at an earlier stage of progression, when treatment is more effective and treatment options are greater than for later stage disease. Evidence suggests that, for some women, CBE can be an important complement to mammography in the earlier detection of breast cancer; CBE identifies some cancers missed by mammography and provides an important screening tool among women for whom mammography is not recommended or women who do not receive high-quality screening mammography according to recommended guidelines. But CBE performance and reporting approaches are inconsistent. Health care providers indicate that they are not confident in their CBE skills and would welcome training. Studies demonstrate that training can enhance CBE performance, measured in terms of execution of CBE components and accuracy. This literature review provides evidence to the extent that it is available, to support the specific recommendations of Saslow, et al.1 for optimizing CBE performance and reporting and to guide further research on CBE performance characteristics, reporting systems, barriers to high-quality CBE performance, and training.
Complementary Health Practices
Authors: Matthew J. Leach
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Soluble immunological markers of disease activity in tuberculosis
Authors: C. Saltini, V. Colizzi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1999)

The obtention of a microbiologically confirmed diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB), assessment of the extent and intensity of disease activity, and follow-up of the patient response to treatment are all encumbered by our still limited ability to quantify the infectious load using the microbiological tools available in current practice. In this context, a number of attempts have been made to determine the role that soluble disease markers could play as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in pulmonary, pleural and extrapulmonary TB. As in other lung diseases, molecules which become overexpressed during immune cell activation have been measured in biological fluids such as serum, pleural fluid and the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the lower respiratory tract of TB patients, with the intent of gauging the activation of the immune system in response to the TB bacillus, to assess disease activity and predict the disease course. A number of specific and nonspecific immune marker studies have thus appeared in the literature in the last twenty years. Among them Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific serum antibodies, the T-lymphocyte enzyme adenosine deaminase, the macrophage activation product neopterin, the mononuclear cell surface protein b2 microglobulin, soluble T-cell interleukin (IL)-2 receptors as well as sol
Consumption Coagulopathy in Miliary Tuberculosis
Authors: IRA D. GOLDFINE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1969)

A 56-year-old woman required hospitalization and endotracheal intubation because of progressive respiratory distress associated with bilateral diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. Within 12 hr she developed massive bleeding from a rectal hemorrhoid. Coagulation studies were consistent with a consumption coagulopathy. Despite heparin therapy the patient died. Postmortem examination showed that the immediate cause of death was an intracerebral hemorrhage. In addition there was extensive miliary tuberculosis with early granuloma formation. Histologic sections of the lung and kidney showed fibrin thrombi surrounding areas of caseation necrosis. Extensive fibrin thrombus formation in association with massive numbers of evolving tubercles is postulated as the cause of the consumption coagulopathy in this patient.
Book Review Charles A. Janeway: Pediatrician to the World's Children By Robert J. Haggerty and Frederick H. Lovejoy, Jr. 453 pp., illustrated. Boston, Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 2007. (Distributed by Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.) $35. 978-0-674-02380-2
Authors: Robertson Parkman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)
The Use and Misuse of ICU Telemedicine
Authors: Jeremy M. Kahn
Journal: JAMA (2011)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Croup and its Management
Authors: J. A. Forbes
Journal: BMJ (1961)

One hundred inpatients on an acute hospital elderly care unit and 43 of their relatives were interviewed shortly before hospital discharge. Eighty per cent of elderly patients and their relatives were aware of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Television drama was their main source of information. Patients and relatives overestimated the effectiveness of CPR. Eighty-six per cent of patients were willing to be routinely consulted by doctors about their own CPR status, but relatives were less enthusiastic about routine consultation. Patients9 and relatives9 views about the appropriateness of CPR did not differ significantly. Seventeen percent of patients did not desire CPR. However, 64 per cent of patients were ultimately willing to follow their doctor9s advice about the appropriateness of CPR. The conclusion reached is that mentally competent, elderly patients but not their relatives should be routinely consulted about their own desire for CPR in order to avoid resuscitating patients against their wishes. Further research is required to find out how patients would feel about resuscitation if they were terminally ill or chronically confused, and how carers would feel about resuscitating such patients.
Characterization of a virus that causes transient aplastic crisis.
Authors: N S Young, P P Mortimer, J G Moore, R K Humphries
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1984)

Transient aplastic crisis in children with congenital hemolytic anemias has been linked epidemiologically to infection with a serum parvovirus-like virus (SPLV). The virus is found in the blood in the early stages of the crisis, and serum containing SPLV inhibits erythroid colony formation in vitro. After sedimentation of virus-containing sera through a sucrose density gradient, colony inhibitory activity is present in the particulate fraction and separate from serum immunoglobulins. No inhibitory activity can be recovered from convalescent-phase sera after similar fractionation procedures. Inhibition of erythroid colony formation in vitro is not a feature of sera from other viral infections. The pattern of resistance of SPLV activity to chemicals and enzymes is compatible with it being a parvovirus. By using replating techniques, a target of SPLV has been identified as a late erythroid progenitor cell. Neither SPLV antigen nor anti-SPLV IgM was present in the sera of patients with other forms of bone marrow failure.
Pemphigus foliaceus with prominent neutrophilic pustules
Authors: K. Matsuo, A. Komai, K. Ishii, Y. Futei, M. Amagai, H. Deguchi, K. Danno, T. Hashimoto
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2001)

We describe four patients with generalized scaly and pustular skin lesions showing extensive neutrophilic infiltration in the subcorneal region of the epidermis. Immunofluorescence, immunoblot and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analyses detected IgG antibodies reacting exclusively with desmoglein 1, the pemphigus foliaceus antigen. This study indicates that pemphigus foliaceus may show prominent neutrophilic pustular skin lesions.
Failure to augment maximal limb blood flow in response to one-leg versus two-leg exercise in patients with severe heart failure.
Authors: T H LeJemtel, C S Maskin, D Lucido, B J Chadwick
Journal: Circulation (1986)

Lower limb blood flow, oxygen uptake, and femoral vein O2 content were measured at rest and during maximal bicycle exercise, performed with two legs and one leg, in four normal subjects and in five patients with severe congestive heart failure. While in normal subjects femoral vein blood flow and lower limb vascular conductance were significantly greater during one-leg exercise than during two-leg exercise (6084 +/- 745 vs 5370 +/- 803 ml/min, p less than .05, and 52.3 +/- 8.0 vs 45.1 +/- 8.2 U X 10(3), p less than .05, respectively), in patients with severe congestive heart failure these values were similar during the two forms of exercise (1082 +/- 459 vs 1053 +/- 479 ml/min and 9.6 +/- 3.7 vs 9.4 +/- 3.5 U X 10(3), respectively). In five additional patients, one-leg maximal bicycle exercise was performed before and after administration of phentolamine into the femoral artery of the active leg. Regional alpha-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine did not alter maximal oxygen uptake attained during one-leg bicycle exercise (9.8 +/- 1.5 vs 10.3 +/- 1.9 ml/kg). Lower limb blood flow and femoral vein O2 content attained during maximal one-leg exercise were also similar before and after phentolamine. Thus, in contrast with normal subjects, patients with severe congestive heart failure were unable to further increase limb blood flow during one-leg bicycle exercise. Moreover, local alpha-adrenergic blockade does not augment blood flow to the active limb during maximal one-leg bicycle exercise. This suggests that the ability of the muscular vasculature to vasodilate during exercise is impaired and may be a limiting factor to maximal exercise capacity in such patients.
The Effect of Intra-arterial Injections of Hydergine and Dihydroergocornine on the Peripheral Circulation in Man
Authors: ROBERT H. GOETZ
Journal: Circulation (1956)

If given by the intra-arterial route, the immediate effect of the hydrogenated alkaloids of ergot is unpredictable. Vasodilation is obtained in some patients only. However, it was found that in those cases who do not react, the vessels respond more easily to the release of sympathetic tone, proving that, nevertheless, the drug has had an (potential) effect, probably on the neurovascular apparatus. This effect could be demonstrated for many hours and is, therefore, of considerable therapeutic interest. Even with the higher local concentrations possible by the intra-arterial route, the hydrogenated alkaloids of ergot still did not exhibit any adrenolytic action on the peripheral blood vessels in man.
Prediction of atrial fibrillation in patients with an implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator and heart failure
Authors: Matteo Bertini, C. Jan Willem Borleffs, Victoria Delgado, Arnold C.T. Ng, Sebastiaan R.D. Piers, Miriam Shanks, M. Louisa Antoni, Mauro Biffi, Giuseppe Boriani, Martin J. Schalij, Jeroen J. Bax, Nico R.L. Van de Veire
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Selected Birth Defects in Relation to Caffeine-Containing Beverages
Authors: Lynn Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (1982)

In a case-control study of 2,030 malformed infants, six selected birth defects were evaluated in relation to maternal ingestion, during pregnancy, of caffeine from tea, coffee, and cola: 380 infants with inguinal hernia, 299 with cleft lip with or without cleft palate, 277 with cardiac defects, 194 with pyloric stenosis, 120 with isolated cleft palate, and 101 with neural tube fusion defects were compared with 712 other malformed infants who served as controls. None of the point estimates of relative risk was significantly greater than unity. For ingestion of any caffeine relative to no ingestion, the upper 95% confidence bounds were of the order of three or less; for consumption of the equivalent of four or more cups of coffee per day relative to less than two cups, the upper bounds were two or less. Potential confounding factors did not explain the findings. The results suggest that caffeine is not a major teratogen with regard to the six defects evaluated. (<i>JAMA</i>1982;247:1429-1432)
Abstract 12026: Development of a Consensus Document to Improve Multi-Reader Concordance and Accuracy of AR Severity Grading by Echocardiography: A Study with Cardiac MRI Correlation
Authors: Arun Dahiya, Michael Bolen, Richard Grimm, Rosa Sicari, Agnes Pasquet, Thomas Marwick
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: Guidelines recommend a multi-parametric assessment of regurgitant valves. However, as no hierarchy is provided, discordant parameters if weighted differently by different readers can ...
Adhesion of human basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils to interleukin 1-activated human vascular endothelial cells: contributions of endothelial cell adhesion molecules.
Authors: B S Bochner, F W Luscinskas, M A Gimbrone, W Newman, S A Sterbinsky, C P Derse-Anthony, D Klunk, R P Schleimer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1991)

Cytokines such as interleukin 1 (IL-1) promote adhesiveness in human umbilical vein endothelial cells for leukocytes including basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils, and induce expression of adherence molecules including ICAM-1 (intercellular adhesion molecule-1), ELAM-1 (endothelial-leukocyte adhesion molecule-1), and VCAM-1 (vascular cell adhesion molecule-1). In the present study, blocking monoclonal antibodies (mAb) recognizing ICAM-1, ELAM-1, and VCAM-1 have been used to compare their roles in IL-1-induced adhesion of human basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils. IL-1 treatment of endothelial cell monolayers for 4 hours induced a four- to eight-fold increase in adhesion for each cell type. Treatment of endothelial cells with either anti-ICAM-1 or anti-ELAM-1 mAb inhibited IL-1-induced adherence of each cell type. In contrast, treatment with anti-VCAM-1 mAb inhibited basophil and eosinophil (but not neutrophil) adhesion, and was especially effective in blocking eosinophil adhesion. The effects of these mAb were at least additive. Indirect immunofluorescence and flow cytometry demonstrated expression of VLA-4 alpha (very late activation antigen-4 alpha, a counter-receptor for VCAM-1) on eosinophils and basophils but not on neutrophils. These data document distinct roles for ICAM-1, ELAM-1, and VCAM-1 during basophil, eosinophil, and neutrophil adhesion in vitro, and suggest a novel mechanism for the recruitment of eosinophils and basophils to sites of inflammation in vivo.
Caspase-8-Dependent HER-2 Cleavage in Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor α Stimulation Is Counteracted by Nuclear Factor κB through c-FLIP-L Expression
Authors: Valérie Benoit, Alain Chariot, Laurence Delacroix, Valérie Deregowski, Nathalie Jacobs, Marie-Paule Merville, Vincent Bours
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

Abstract The oncoprotein HER-2/neu is a prosurvival factor, and its overexpression has been correlated with poor prognosis in patients with breast cancer. We report that HER-2 is a new substrate for caspase-8 and that tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) stimulation leads to an early caspase-8-dependent HER-2 cleavage in MCF7 A/Z breast adenocarcinoma cells defective for nuclear factor κB (NFκB) activation. We show that the antiapoptotic transcription factor NFκB counteracts this cleavage through induction of the caspase-8 inhibitor c-FLIP. Our results also demonstrate that this HER-2 cleavage contributes to the TNF-α-induced apoptosis pathway because ectopic expression of an uncleavable HER-2 protects NFκB-defective cells against TNF-α-mediated cell death. Therefore, we propose an original model in which NFκB exerts a new antiapoptotic function by counteracting TNF-α-triggered cleavage of the HER-2 survival factor.
Nebulette Mutations Are Associated With Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Endocardial Fibroelastosis
Authors: Enkhsaikhan Purevjav, Jaquelin Varela, Micaela Morgado, Debra L. Kearney, Hua Li, Michael D. Taylor, Takuro Arimura, Carole L. Moncman, William McKenna, Ross T. Murphy, Siegfried Labeit, Matteo Vatta, Neil E. Bowles, Akinori Kimura, Aladin M. Boriek, Jeffrey A. Towbin
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Association of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Polymorphisms and Ozone-induced Change in Lung Function
Authors: Ian A. Yang, Olaf Holz, Rudolf A. Jörres, Helgo Magnussen, Sheila J. Barton, Santiago Rodríguez, Julie A. Cakebread, John W. Holloway, Stephen T. Holgate
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2004)

Ozone is a major air pollutant with adverse health effects which exhibit marked inter-individual variability. In mice, regions of genetic linkage with ozone-induced lung injury include the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF), lymphotoxin-α (LTA), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), superoxide dismutase (SOD2), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) genes. We genotyped polymorphisms in these genes in 51 individuals who had undergone ozone challenge. Mean change in FEV1 with ozone challenge, as a percentage of baseline, was −3% in TNF −308G/A or A/A individuals, compared with −9% in G/G individuals (p = 0.024). When considering TNF haplotypes, the smallest change in FEV1 with ozone exposure was associated with the TNF haplotype comprising LTA +252G/TNF −1031T/TNF −308A/TNF −238G. This association remained statistically significant after correction for age, sex, disease, and ozone concentration (p = 0.047). SOD2 or GPX1 genotypes were not associated with lung function, and the TLR4 polymorphism was too infrequent to analyze. The results of this study support TNF as a genetic factor for susceptibility to ozone-induced changes in lung function in humans, and has potential implications for stratifying health risks of air pollution.
Reduction in sudden infant death syndrome may be due to parents checking their babies more often
Authors: D P Davies, B M Ansari, I E L Evans
Journal: BMJ (1996)

EDITOR,—Christine M H Hiley and Colin J Morley show that the continuing fall in the incidence of the sudden infant death syndrome in Cambridge in 1993 was strongly associated with the increased proportion of babies who slept in the supine position.1 In the same issue A S Douglas and colleagues speculate about why prone sleeping is a risk factor for the syndrome, linking it with less exposure of the eyes to light and interference with the maturation of mechanisms of the photoneuroendocrine system.2 …