tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
A paper that changed our practice: Which postcoital contraceptive?
Authors: C. Cates
Journal: BMJ (2000)

A few weeks ago my senior partner presented the results of a paper published in the Lancet 1 comparing the standard Yuzpe method for postcoital contraception (combined oestrogen and progesterone) with two doses of progesterone only (levonorgestrel 0.75 mg). Until now the latter has required women to take large numbers of tablets, but a formulation in two single tablets has become available in the United Kingdom (Levonelle-2). A large number of women requesting emergency contraception were studied, 1998 enrolled, and the outcomes were known for 1955 …
Bortezomib Induction and Maintenance Treatment Improves Survival In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma:Extended Follow-Up Of The HOVON-65/GMMG-HD4 Trial
Authors: Pieter Sonneveld, Christof Scheid, Bronno van der Holt, Laila el Jarari, Uta Bertsch, Hans Salwender, Sonja Zweegman, Edo Vellenga, Annemiek Broyl, Igor Wolfgang Blau, Katja Weisel, Shulamit Wittebol, Gerard M.J. Bos, Marjan Stevens, Ingo GH Schmidt-Wolf, Michael Pfreundschuh, Dirk Hose, Anna Jauch, Helgi van de Velde, Reinier Raymakers, Martyn Ronald Schaafsma, Marie Jose Kersten, Marinus van Marwijk Kooy, Ulrich Duehrsen, Hans Walter Lindemann, Pierre W. Wijermans, Henk Lokhorst, H. Goldschmidt
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 17314: Impact of Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia on Platelet Inhibition in Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Jan Kaufmann, Helena Stockmann, Philipp Stawowy, Kristof Graf, Eckart Fleck, Tim Schroeder, Christian Storm
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) improves outcome for patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) after cardiac arrest (CA). Previous data point to an interaction between hypothermia and drug metabolism, thus potentially impacting on platelet function under antiplatelet therapy. Purpose: The aim of the study is to determine clopidogrel metabolism and platelet function in clopidogrel naïve ACS patients treated with mild hypothermia (33°C, n=12) compared with ACS patients (troponin positive) with normal body temperature (n=14). Methods: Platelet function was measured by light transmittance aggregometry (LTA), multiple electrode platelet aggregometry (MEA) and VASP phosphorylation analysis before, 2h, 4h and 24h after administration of a 600 mg clopidogrel loading dose. Furthermore, plasma concentrations of clopidogrel, the active thiol metabolite and the inactive carboxyl metabolite were determined. All patients were screened for CYP2C19*2 polymorphism and scheduled for PCI. Mild hypothermia was carried out according to current guidelines for 24 hours at a target temperature of 33°C. Results: Plasma concentration of clopidogrel and metabolites were lower in the MTH group after 2h and 4h, respectively (all p&lt;0.005). All platelet function tests showed an attenuated response to clopidogrel with respect to baseline platelet activity in the MTH group. This was significant for VASP analysis and LTA (p&lt;0.05). Moreover, there was no difference in genotype and platelet function determined ex vivo with 33°C and 37°C, respectively. Conclusion: Inhibition of platelet function is decreased under MTH, presumably due to a diminished clopidogrel absorption and metabolization. Thus, these patients might have a higher risk for cardiovascular events despite antiplatelet therapy.
Young Woman in a Summer Shower
Authors: M. Therese Southgate
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Words to the wise: The white album
Authors: G. Hutchison
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Candida albicans , the organism that causes thrush, rather oversells itself by deriving its name from two words that both mean “white.”

The Latin candidus referred to a bright, almost glistening white. It is the origin of such luminous words as incandescent and candle . Some etymologists also make a link to the word incendiary , tracing it to the Latin incandere , “to cause to glow.” This burning link can be extended to incense, used either as a verb (when tempers are ignited) or as a noun (when an aromatic resin is burned in a censer ).

The association of whiteness with purity and simplicity gives us the word candid . A Roman citizen seeking election to the post of magistrate would exploit this mental connection by …
Lesson of the Week: Reversible cardiogenic shock complicating subarachnoid haemorrhage
Authors: M. J A Parr, S. R Finfer, M. K Morgan
Journal: BMJ (1996)

When rupture of a cerebral aneurysm results in cardiovascular collapse the prognosis may seem hopeless and active management may be withheld. We report five cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage associated with severe myocardial dysfunction and cardiogenic shock. Intensive treatment, including intravenous inotropes and intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation, resulted in good neurological and cardiovascular recovery.

Patients with subarachnoid haemorrhage who develop profound cardiogenic shock should have aggressive intensive care as good recovery is likely

Case 1—A 41 year old woman was admitted following a collapse preceded by a headache. Her initial Glasgow coma scale score was 6 and she had a fixed dilated right pupil. On intubation of the trachea, frank pulmonary oedema issued from the tracheal tube, and the chest radiograph confirmed pulmonary oedema. A cranial computed tomogram showed subarachnoid haemorrhage and a right subdural haematoma (fig 1). She immediately underwent evacuation of the subdural haematoma. After fluid resuscitation she required infusions of noradrenaline (1 μg/kg/minute), adrenaline (0.6 μg/kg/minute), and dobutamine (14 μg/kg/minute) to maintain adequate blood pressure. A pulmonary artery catheter was inserted and confirmed cardiogenic shock (table 1). The following day cerebral angiography showed an aneurysm of the pericallosal branch of the right anterior cerebral artery. An echocardiogram showed global impairment of left ventricular function. Estimated left ventricular ejection fraction was 25-30%; this deteriorated to 20% the following day. Mechanical ventilation and inotropic support were continued, and five days later the ejection fraction had improved to 40%. The aneurysm was clipped the following day, and she was discharged from intensive care seven days later. She remained in hospital for a further nine days and was then discharged to rehabilitation. At follow up, three months after discharge from our hospital, she was neurologically normal with no evidence of cardiac failure.



Fig 1 
Initial cranial computed tomogram in case 1, showing right subdural …
Posttraumatic Stress Among Survivors of Bioterrorism—Reply
Authors: Dorris B. Reissman, Illeana Arias, Ellen A. Spotts Whitney, Thomas H. Taylor
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF THE RESPIRATOR IN REFRACTORY STATUS ASTHMATICUS
Authors: M F REISER, E B FERRIS
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

Article1 July 1948OBSERVATIONS ON THE USE OF THE RESPIRATOR IN REFRACTORY STATUS ASTHMATICUSMORTON F. REISER, M.D., EUGENE B. FERRIS JR., M.D., F.A.C.P.MORTON F. REISER, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, EUGENE B. FERRIS JR., M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-29-1-64 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIntroductionRecent advances in our knowledge of the nature and management of bronchial asthma have contributed greatly to the intelligent handling and well being of patients afflicted with this disorder. Interim treatment oriented in relation to allergic,1psychiatric,2and physiologic3considerations has greatly increased the comfort of asthma sufferers, and has reduced the frequency of acute episodes of asthmatic breathing. For the acute attack the physician now has at his disposal a powerful armamentarium of antispasmodic and sedative drugs in addition to materials for effective inhalation therapy; yet a small number of patients suffering status asthmaticus fail to respond to...Bibliography1. UNGER L: Bronchial asthma, 1945, Chas. C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill. Google Scholar2. FRENCHALEXANDER MF: Psychogenic factors in bronchial asthma, Psychosomatic Medicine Monographs, II, 1939 and IV, 1941. Google Scholar3. BARACH AL: The treatment of bronchial asthma and other chronic pulmonary diseases accompanied by constriction in the bronchial passageway, Med. Clin. N. Am., 1944, 339. CrossrefGoogle Scholar4. BESTTAYLOR CHNB: The physiological basis of medical practice, Second Edition, 1940, The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore, Md., p. 496. Google Scholar5. WILSONFINDLEY JLT: Obstructive pulmonary emphysema, Med. Clin. N. Am., March 1944, 356. CrossrefGoogle Scholar6. PRINZMETAL M: The relation of inspiratory distention of the lungs to emphysema, Jr. Allergy, 1934, v, 493. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Cincinnati, Ohio*Received for publication September 20, 1947.From the Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byThe Use of Sodium Bicarbonate in the Treatment of Acute Bronchial Asthma 1 July 1948Volume 29, Issue 1Page: 64-70KeywordsAsthmaBreathingDrug therapyInhalationSedativesVentilators ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1948 PDF downloadLoading ...
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) load in bone marrow transplant recipients at risk to develop posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease: prophylactic infusion of EBV-specific cytotoxic T cells
Authors: Åsa Gustafsson, Victor Levitsky, Jie-Zhi Zou, Teresa Frisan, Tina Dalianis, Per Ljungman, Olle Ringden, Jacek Winiarski, Ingemar Ernberg, Maria G. Masucci
Journal: Blood (2000)
Liver Diet in Pernicious Anemia
Authors: Hilding Berglund
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 November 1928Liver Diet in Pernicious AnemiaHILDING BERGLUND, M.D.HILDING BERGLUND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-2-5-471 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptI will confine myself to a few points I wish to bring out. Yesterday you had the opportunity to listen to the splendid presentation of Dr. Sturgis, relating in a clear way the surprising and satisfactory results that one, as an unbroken rule, meets when treating pernicious anemia with raw calf liver, or with the liver extract that is now available, thanks to the work of Dr. Kahn operating with Minot and Murphy. I will only add that there seems to be some differences in the results obtained. We had better be careful in our statements because we have such... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Minneapolis, Minnesota*Informal address before the American College of Physicians, New Orleans, La., March 7, 1928. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDie Behandlung der Anämien 1 November 1928Volume 2, Issue 5Page: 471-473KeywordsDietLiverPernicious anemia Issue Published: 1 November 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 12424: Effects of Chronic Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs Among Patients with Hypertension and Coronary Artery Disease: Post Hoc Analysis from the INVEST Trial
Authors: Anthony A Bavry, Asma Khaliq, Yan Gong, Eileen M Handberg, Rhonda M Cooper-DeHoff, Carl J Pepine
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: There is limited information regarding the safety of chronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) among patients with hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this research was to explore the relationship between chronic NSAID use and adverse events among hypertensive patients with CAD. Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis from the INternational VErapamil Trandolapril STudy (INVEST) which enrolled patients with hypertension and CAD and explored the effect of 2 different anti-hypertensive strategies. At each visit, patients were asked by site investigators if they were currently taking NSAIDs (and/or aspirin). Patients who reported NSAID use at every visit were defined as chronic NSAID users, while everyone else (occasional or never users) was defined as non-chronic NSAID users. The primary outcome was the first occurrence of all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or non-fatal stroke. Cox regression was used to construct a multivariate analysis to explor...
Abstract 19920: Is Appropriate Criteria Appropriate to Assess Clinical Outcomes? Evaluation of SPECT Imaging Appropriateness Criteria using Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Naman Trivedi, Kaelin DeMuth, Michael Shen
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Is Appropriate Criteria Appropriate to Assess Clinical Outcomes? Evaluation of SPECT Imaging Appropriateness Criteria using Clinical Outcomes: SPECT Appropriateness Criteria (AC) has been used to guide imaging utilization over the last 5 years. However, the impact of AC on clinical outcomes has not been well studied. We sought to evaluate the use of AC to assess pts' cardiac events. Methods: Consecutive pts in the Dept of Cardiology and Medicine over 6 months were included. New SPECT AC (2009) was used as the standard to assess appropriateness for SPECT use. SPECT imaging, outpatient visits and the cardiac events (Hospitalization, PCI, CABG, MI and Death) were analyzed. Results: Out of 32,961 consecutive pts, 327 (1%) pts had events. Seventy-nine pts (24%) were Uncertain or non-categorized based on the AC. Of the 248 remaining pts, 41% pt (n= 102) with events were Inappropriate but had SPECT scans. Out of the 102 pts, 58% (n= 59) were asymptomatic with low risk CAD (ATP III score 3%) and 11% (n= 11) asymp...
Diagnostic accuracy of markers for detection of airway eosinophilia in asthma: A systematic review
Authors: Daniel A. Korevaar, Guus A. Westerhof, René Spijker, Peter J. Sterk, Elisabeth H. Bel, Patrick M. Bossuyt
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

INTRODUCTION  Eosinophilic airway inflammation is associated with corticosteroid responsiveness in asthma, but direct airway sampling methods to detect airway eosinophilia are invasive, laborious and/or time-consuming.   OBJECTIVES  To systematically review studies investigating the diagnostic accuracy of minimally invasive markers in distinguishing asthmatic patients with and without airway eosinophilia, using eosinophilia in sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage or endobronchial biopsies as reference standard.   METHODS  MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for studies in mild-severe asthma; study selection was performed in duplicate. Risk of bias and applicability concerns were evaluated with QUADAS-2. Area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) and other accuracy statistics were extracted. Meta-analysis was used to produce summary estimates and explore sources of heterogeneity.   RESULTS  We included 22 studies; 15 in adults (median number of patients 124 (range 56-566)) and 7 in children (77 (range 27-150)). In adults, the diagnostic accuracy of four markers was investigated in more than one study: FENO (n=10; median AUC 0.78 (range 0.63-0.88)); blood eosinophils (n=6; median AUC 0.70 (range 0.69-0.81)); IgE (n=2; AUC range 0.62-0.64); EBC pH (n=2; AUC range 0.50-0.90). In children, two markers were investigated by more than one study: FENO (n=5; median AUC 0.86 (range 0.80-0.89)); blood eosinophils (n=3; median AUC 0.75 (range 0.69-0.81)).   CONCLUSIONS  FENO and blood eosinophils appear to have moderate accuracy in discriminating asthmatic patients with and without airway eosinophilia. Future research should be performed to produce more precise and applicable estimates of the accuracy of other markers.
Ozone and Asthma—Reply
Authors: George D. Thurston, David V. Bates
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
617. Prostate Cancer Radiosensitization by Targeting Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase
Authors: Li Zhang, Prafulla Gokhale, Rajshree Mewani, Bihua Li, Anatoly Dritschilo, Viatcheslav Soldatenkov
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Identification of radiosensitizing biological compounds will enable the optimization of radiation therapy for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer by enhancing the therapeutic response to radiation while circumventing the problem of systemic toxicity associated with the doses of radiation currently used for radioresponsive lesions. Therefore, targeting molecular components that are critically involved in the maintenance of genome stability is a promising approach directed at overcoming an intrinsic tumor cell resistance to DNA-damaging treatments. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is a DNA-binding enzyme which plays important roles in the maintenance of genome stability, immediate cellular responses to DNA damage, and apoptosis. A DNA-binding domain of PARP (PARP-DBD) acts as a dominant-negative mutant by binding to DNA strand breaks irreversibly and sensitizing mammalian cells to DNA-damaging agents1,2. To direct the expression of human PARP-DBD to prostate we developed recombinant plasmids expressing the PARP-DBD under the control of the 5'-flanking sequences of the human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) gene. In vitro studies revealed that PSA promoter driven expression of the PARP-DBD showed prostate tissue specificity and androgen responsiveness and sensitized LNCaP cells to DNA-damaging agents, such as ionizing radiation and etoposide3. Subsequently, we evaluated therapeutic potential of PARP-DBD as a gene engineered radiosensitizer for prostate cancer using human prostate tumor xenografts grown in athymic mice. To assess the efficiency of this strategy in vivo, we developed a cationic liposome-mediated gene delivery of PARP-DBD plasmid in tumor xenografts of PSA producing and androgen sensitive prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and 22Rv1). Tumor bearing mice were treated with intratumoral liposome-complexed PARP-DBD (LE-PARP-DBD), ionizing radiation (IR) or a combination of LE-PARP-DBD and IR. Control groups received blank liposomes or were left untreated. Administration of LE-PARP-DBD resulted in expression of dominant-negative mutant of PARP in tumor cells and enhanced radiation-induced inhibition of tumor growth. These results provide a proof-of-principle for a novel therapeutic strategy to control prostate cancer using genetically engineered PARP mutant.