tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Arterial stiffness in predialysis patients with uremia
Authors: Kayo Shinohara, Tetsuo Shoji, Yoshihiro Tsujimoto, Eiji Kimoto, Hideki Tahara, Hidenori Koyama, Masanori Emoto, Eiji Ishimura, Takami Miki, Tsutomu Tabata, Yoshiki Nishizawa
Journal: Kidney International (2004)
Effects of Intravenous Nesiritide on Human Coronary Vasomotor Regulation and Myocardial Oxygen Uptake
Authors: Andrew D. Michaels, Andrew Klein, James A. Madden, Kanu Chatterjee
Journal: Circulation (2003)

Background— Nesiritide, recombinant human B-type natriuretic peptide, has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of decompensated heart failure. The effects of intravenous nesiritide on the human coronary vasculature have not been studied. Methods and Results— Ten patients underwent right and left heart catheterization. Baseline coronary blood flow was determined using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and an intracoronary Doppler-tipped guidewire. Myocardial oxygen uptake was measured using a coronary sinus catheter. Patients then received an intravenous infusion of nesiritide (2 μg/kg bolus followed by 0.01 μg/kg per min infusion) for 30 minutes. Right atrial pressure decreased 52% ( P =0.012), pulmonary artery mean pressure decreased 19% ( P =0.03), pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased 46% ( P =0.002), and mean arterial pressure decreased 11% ( P =0.007). QCA demonstrated a 15% increase in coronary artery diameter from a baseline of 2.6±0.8 to 3.0±0.8 mm at 30 minutes ( P =0.007). The coronary velocity measure of average peak velocity increased 14% from 20.8±6.4 at baseline to 23.8±7.2 cm/s at 5 minutes ( P =0.015) and then returned to baseline for the remainder of the infusion. Coronary blood flow increased 35% ( P =0.007), whereas coronary resistance decreased 23% at 15 and 30 minutes ( P =0.036). Myocardial oxygen uptake decreased 8% during the nesiritide infusion ( P =0.043). Conclusions— Nesiritide exerts coronary vasodilator effects on both the coronary conductance and resistance arteries. Despite a decrease in coronary perfusion pressure, coronary artery blood flow is increased, coronary resistance is decreased, and myocardial oxygen uptake is decreased.
Dynamic Monitoring of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> Infection of Polarized Epithelia Using Organic Transistors
Authors: Scherrine A. Tria, Marc Ramuz, Miriam Huerta, Pierre Leleux, Jonathan Rivnay, Leslie H. Jimison, Adel Hama, George G. Malliaras, Róisín M. Owens
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2014)

Ion flow across polarized epithelia is a tightly regulated process. Measurement of the transepithelial resistance is a highly relevant parameter for assessing the function or health of the tissue. Dynamic, electrical measurements of transepithelial ion flow are preferred as they provide the most accurate snapshot of effects of external stimuli. Enteric pathogens such as Salmonella typhimurium are known to disrupt ion flow in gastrointestinal epithelia. Here, for the first time, the use of organic transistors as a powerful potential alternative for front‐line, disposable, high‐throughput diagnostics of enteric pathogens is demonstrated. The transistors' ability to detect early and subtle changes in transepithelial ion flow is capitalized upon to develop a highly sensitive detector of epithelial integrity. Stable operation of the organic devices under physiological conditions is shown, followed by dynamic, pathogen‐specific diagnosis of infection of epithelia. Further, operation of the device is possible in complex matrices, showing particular promise for food and safety applications.
Immunological response to conjugate vaccines in infants: follow up study
Authors: D Goldblatt, E Miller, N McCloskey, K Cartwright
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Immunising infants against Haemophilus influenzae type b with conjugate vaccines has reduced rates of invasive disease in the developed world. Reports from the Gambia suggest that this vaccine has a similar potential for the developing world.1 The World Health Organisation is considering whether to provide these new vaccines as part of its expanded programme of immunisation.2

A booster dose of the conjugate vaccine administered in the second year of life is generally considered necessary to induce long term immunity against H influenzae type b. This may limit the use of these conjugate vaccines in the developing world where vaccines are administered at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age under the WHO's immunisation programme; delivery of further vaccinations are associated with logistical problems. In the United Kingdom, infant …
Pretreatment Virus Load and Multiple Amino Acid Substitutions in the Interferon Sensitivity-Determining Region Predict the Outcome of Interferon Treatment in Patients With Chronic Genotype 1B Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Authors: K Chayama, A Tsubota, M Kobayashi, K Okamoto, M Hashimoto, Y Miyano, H Koike, I Koida, Y Arase, S Saitoh, Y Suzuki, N Murashima, K Ikeda, H Kumada
Journal: Hepatology (1997)

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1b and high pretreatment virus load are predictive factors of poor response to interferon therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. To further examine the factors predicting the response to interferon in patients with genotype 1b infection, we analyzed 110 consecutive patients with HCV who were treated with a total of 624 million units of lymphoblastoid interferon alfa. Thirty-six patients (33%) were responders, while the remaining 74 patients (67%) were nonresponders. Multivariate analysis showed that a high virus titer (assessed by serum core protein level, P = .0021) and the presence of more than two amino acid substitutions in the interferon sensitivity-determining region (ISDR) (P = .0036) correlated significantly with the response to interferon therapy. Because mutations analyzed by direct sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products may reflect artifacts of direct sequencing, we further analyzed quasispecies of HCV in this region by cloning and sequencing. Although PCR-based analysis of responders with multiple amino acid substitutions in the ISDR showed the presence of a small amount of wild-type strain in their serum, the results obtained by direct sequencing and cloning were essentially the same. A longitudinal study of quasispecies in 2 patients who showed a dramatic change in the virus titer showed no conversion from wild type to mutant or vice versa. Our results indicate that amino acid substitutions and virus load are independent predictors of the response to interferon therapy. The ability of some patients with no mutation in the ISDR or high virus load to eliminate the virus suggests the presence of other unidentified factors, host or viral, that influence the response to interferon therapy.
A GRAPHIC STUDY OF TREMOR
Authors: Augustus A. Eshner
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1897)

FROM OUR OBSERVATIONS I THINK THE FOLLOWING PROPOSITIONS ARE JUSTIFIED: (1) All muscular movements are made up of a series of elementarycontractions and relaxations in alternation, which may be appreciable as tremor in conditions of both health and disease. (2) The differences between different tremors are of degree rather than of kind, i. e. no one form of tremor is distinctive of any one disease or group of diseases. (3) No definite relation exists between one form of tremor and any other. (4) The frequency of movement is in inverse ratio to the amplitnde and vice versâ. (5) Habitual movements are performed with greater freedom from tremor than unusual movements. (6) There is no material difference between the movements of the two sides of the body, except as related to Proposition (5).
A subset of CD4+ memory T cells contains preformed CD40 ligand that is rapidly but transiently expressed on their surface after activation through the T cell receptor complex.
Authors: M Casamayor-Palleja, M Khan, I C MacLennan
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1995)

Signaling through surface CD40 is essential for selecting B cells that have mutated their immunoglobulin variable region genes in germinal centers and is an important signal in the early stages of antibody responses to T cell-dependent antigens. It is shown that a subset of CD45RO+, CD4+ T cells isolated from human tonsil contains preformed 30-35-kD ligand for CD40. This is expressed on their surfaces within 5 min of their antigen-receptor complexes interacting with CD3 epsilon antibodies bound to ox erythrocytes. This surface expression does not require de novo protein synthesis and lasts for only 1-2 h. Preformed CD40 ligand (CD40L) was not detected in any CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells, but &amp;gt; 90% of all CD4+ T cells from the tonsil can be induced to express large amounts of CD40L on culture with phorbol myristate acetate and the calcium ionophore ionomycin. This expression of CD40L starts between 1 and 2 h, peaks at 6 h, and remains at a high level for &amp;gt; 20 h. It is totally prevented by adding a concentration of cycloheximide that inhibits CD25 synthesis by these activated cells. While CD3 epsilon antibody bound to ox red cells is a good inducer of surface expression of CD40L, it is a much less potent inducer of CD40L synthesis than phorbol myristate acetate with ionomycin. Immunohistological analysis of tonsil sections shows that cells containing CD40L are located mainly in the outer zone of germinal centers and the margins of the T zones that are rich in dendritic cells (interdigitating cells). The distribution of these cells is consistent with: (a) their interaction in T zones with B cells that have taken up and processed antigen and (b) their involvement in B cell selection in germinal centers.
Psychiatric Illness in General Practice
Authors: Charles Kent Smith
Journal: JAMA (1982)

This is not a textbook of how one recognizes and treats a variety of psychiatric illnesses in general practice, as is suggested by the title. Rather, it is a republication of an important research study on psychiatric illness in general practice done by the General Practice Research Unit of the Institute of Psychiatry at the University of London. The study was originally published in 1966, and it is here reissued in its entirety. It is supplemented by a summary of the work in the area done between 1966 and 1980. The original study was important but, as pointed out by the authors, did not receive the attention warranted until general interest in the interface between general practice and psychiatry began to emerge in the late 1970s. This interface has played a major role in the family practice movement in this country, and as it is emerging around the world. If
A ghostly presence—G6PD deficiency
Authors: Barbara J. Bain
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2010)

Morphology update has already drawn attention to the importance of irregularly contracted cells and hemighosts in suggesting the diagnosis of hemolysis due to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency [1].The current patient, a man of African ancestry, suffered an acute fall of his hemoglobin concentration from normal to 65 g/l following exposure to rasburicase.The mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) was 362 g/l.Rasburicase had been administered prior to chemotherapy for Burkitt lymphoma.Examination of the blood film showed irregularly contracted cells and hemighosts, some containing visible Heinz bodies.In addition, there were considerable numbers of ghost cells-empty red cell membranes bereft of hemoglobin (images).Within some of the ghost cells, Heinz bodies were visible (black arrows, Heinz bodies in ghost cells; blue arrow, other ghost cells; red arrows, Heinz bodies in hemighost cells).The increased MCHC is attributable to the presence of irregularly contracted cells but is not specific, it is also a feature of spherocytic anemia.G6PD assay was performed and was normal.Subsequent assay, after resolution of the hemolytic episode, confirmed G6PD deficiency, A2 variant.An assay is particularly likely to be normal shortly after acute hemolysis in the A2 variant because of the normal level of the enzyme in reticulocytes.The history in this patient is strongly suggestive of G6PD deficiency and confirmatory evidence is provided by the blood film.Together they avoid the risk of misinterpretation of the initially normal assay.The presence of ghost cells indicates recent acute intravascular hemolysis.
PREDICTORS OF DUAL ANTIPLATELET THERAPY NON-ADHERENCE AFTER PCI: ONE-YEAR INSIGHTS FROM THE PARIS REGISTRY
Authors: Nisharahmed Kherada, Samantha Sartori, Raj Vadde, Pushpam Bharathi, David Cohen, David Moliterno, Philippe Steg, Timothy Henry, Giora Weisz, Bernhard Witzenbichler, Antonio Colombo, Roxana Mehran
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Efficacy of Bevacizumab Associated to Different Regimen of Chemotherapy in the Treatment of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Beatriz González-Astorga, Encarnación González-Flores, Verónica Conde-Herrero, Javier García-García, Jesús Soberino-García, Cynthia González-Rivas, Julia Ruiz-Vozmediano, Lucia Castillo-Portellano, Juan Ramón lgado De Pérez
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2013)
Controlled study of the effect of nicardipine and ceruletide on the sphincter of Oddi.
Authors: G M Fullarton, S Falconer, A Campbell, W R Murray
Journal: Gut (1992)

Although sphincter of Oddi dysfunction is a recognised cause of post cholecystectomy pain, the control mechanisms involved in sphincter of Oddi function are poorly understood. Pharmacological relaxation of the sphincter of Oddi may have a beneficial effect particularly in sphincter of Oddi dysfunction where basal sphincter pressure is high. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of calcium channel blockade (nicardipine) and synthetic cholecystokinin (ceruletide) on sphincter of Oddi pressures. Nineteen patients (median age 49 years; range 21-75) attending for routine endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic (ERCP) examination were studied. No patients with evidence of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction were included in the study. Each patient was randomly allocated to receive a three minute intravenous infusion of nicardipine 3 mg (six) ceruletide 5 ng/kg (seven) or placebo (six). Endoscopic biliary manometry was done with recording of basal sphincter of Oddi pressures, sphincter of Oddi phasic wave amplitude and frequency before and after intravenous infusions. In the nicardipine group patients showed a decrease in both basal and phasic amplitude sphincter of Oddi pressure (mm Hg) from the preinfusion values (mean (SEM)) of 24.7 (3.6) and 112.3 (13.4) to 12.9 (2.9) (p less than 0.01) and 89.9 (12.4) (p less than 0.03) after infusion respectively. Ceruletide produced a decrease in sphincter of Oddi phasic wave frequency (c/min) from 3.4 (0.3) before infusion to 2.6 (0.5) after infusion (p less than 0.05). We conclude that nicardipine effectively decreases sphincter of Oddi pressure. This drug may therefore be of value in the treatment of sphincter of Oddi dysfunction where raised sphincter pressures are thought to be the primary pathogenic feature.
Andrew Kenneth Burroughs
Authors: C. Davey
Journal: BMJ (2014)

Andrew Kenneth Burroughs (“Andy”) was born to an Italian mother and an English father. He was lucky enough to combine the best of both genetic lineages, being methodical, fiery, passionate, and loyal. He was educated at the Overseas School of Rome, and then moved to Kent College, Canterbury, from 1966 to 1971.

He went to Liverpool University Medical School in 1971 and at an early age demonstrated his intellect and clinical skills, winning several prizes. He joined Dame Sheila Sherlock at the Royal Free Hospital, north London, as a medical registrar in 1979, and she recognised early on the rising star in her middle. He was appointed senior lecturer in 1988 under Professor Neil Mcintyre. In 1988 he set up the liver transplant service at the …
Informing the hospital of patients' drug regimens.
Authors: D Short
Journal: BMJ (1986)

~mu 81986 that is the electrocardiogriphicdreading.-ITfact that a patient has hypertension does not change that-reading.Howiver,-the ined cincin wih confldencein thehistoryandbloodpssures alues may then conclude that left ventricularhyper- trophyis more likely ;
G <sub>i</sub> -Biased β <sub>2</sub> AR Signaling Links GRK2 Upregulation to Heart Failure
Authors: Weizhong Zhu, Natalia Petrashevskaya, Shuxun Ren, Aizhi Zhao, Khalid Chakir, Erhe Gao, J. Kurt Chuprun, Yibin Wang, Mark Talan, Gerald W. Dorn, Edward G. Lakatta, Walter J Koch, Arthur M. Feldman, Rui-Ping Xiao
Journal: Circulation Research (2011)

Phosphorylation of β(2)-adrenergic receptor (β(2)AR) by a family of serine/threonine kinases known as G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK) and protein kinase A (PKA) is a critical determinant of cardiac function. Upregulation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is a well-established causal factor of heart failure, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood.
Alcoholism in the Professions
Authors: Roland E. Herrington
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<i>Alcoholism in the Professions</i>, by LeClair Bissell and Paul S. Haberman, is correctly billed as the first longitudinal study of professionals in Alcoholics Anonymous. The study concerns 407 physicians, dentists, nurses, attorneys, social workers, and college-educated women in other fields. Males were preponderant in medicine, dentistry, and law, females in the other professions. The subjects acknowledged that they were alcoholic and had been abstinent for at least one year. The authors emphasize that the sample is neither random nor self-selected but is rather a "purposive sample with specified qualifications." The data permit informative comparisons between various professional groups as well as with a more generic group of New York City Alcoholics Anonymous members. The book is conveniently divided into ten sections, comprising two parts and four appendixes. Appendix C lists professional groups and organizations dealing with alcoholism and other drug dependency. This is a useful reference for anyone interested in
Molecular Profiling Improves Classification and Prognostication of Nodal Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas: Results of a Phase III Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Pier Paolo Piccaluga, Fabio Fuligni, Antonio De Leo, Clara Bertuzzi, Maura Rossi, Francesco Bacci, Elena Sabattini, Claudio Agostinelli, Anna Gazzola, Maria Antonella Laginestra, Claudia Mannu, Maria Rosaria Sapienza, Sylvia Hartmann, Martin L. Hansmann, Roberto Piva, Javeed Iqbal, John C. Chan, Denis Weisenburger, Julie M. Vose, Monica Bellei, Massimo Federico, Giorgio Inghirami, Pier Luigi Zinzani, Stefano A. Pileri
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2013)

Purpose The differential diagnosis among the commonest peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs; ie, PTCL not otherwise specified [NOS], angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma [AITL], and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma [ALCL]) is difficult, with the morphologic and phenotypic features largely overlapping. We performed a phase III diagnostic accuracy study to test the ability of gene expression profiles (GEPs; index test) to identify PTCL subtype. Methods We studied 244 PTCLs, including 158 PTCLs NOS, 63 AITLs, and 23 ALK-negative ALCLs. The GEP-based classification method was established on a support vector machine algorithm, and the reference standard was an expert pathologic diagnosis according to WHO classification. Results First, we identified molecular signatures (molecular classifier [MC]) discriminating either AITL and ALK-negative ALCL from PTCL NOS in a training set. Of note, the MC was developed in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples and validated in both FFPE and frozen tissues. Second, we found that the overall accuracy of the MC was remarkable: 98% to 77% for AITL and 98% to 93% for ALK-negative ALCL in test and validation sets of patient cases, respectively. Furthermore, we found that the MC significantly improved the prognostic stratification of patients with PTCL. Particularly, it enhanced the distinction of ALK-negative ALCL from PTCL NOS, especially from some CD30+ PTCL NOS with uncertain morphology. Finally, MC discriminated some T-follicular helper (Tfh) PTCL NOS from AITL, providing further evidence that a group of PTCLs NOS shares a Tfh derivation with but is distinct from AITL. Conclusion Our findings support the usage of an MC as additional tool in the diagnostic workup of nodal PTCL.
SPASMODIC CLOSURE OF THE GLOTTIS IN THE ADULT.
Authors: HAMILTON STILLSON
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Spasmodic occlusion of the larynx in the adult is usually of the nature of a reflex and is but a symptom of a nerve lesion more remote The remote causes are usually those that produce paralysis of the abductor muscles, notably, the lateral crico-arytenoids and those that produce spasm of the adductor muscles, notably the inter-arytenoids. A differentiation of these causes will be essential to the proper treatment of the cases when presenting. In the remote causes proper has been enumerated spasm of the adductor muscles. This spasm is usually found in such nervous diseases as chorea and hysteria. The spasm may always be relieved by temporary anesthesia. It is usually not severe nor of long duration. As a rule it is relieved before loss of consciousness supervenes, the exhaustion caused by the spasm relaxing the spasm. It is of the nature of a nervous cough and is to be
Patients' Lack of Literacy May Contribute to Billions of Dollars in Higher Hospital Costs
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1997)

PHYSICIANS, nurses, hospitals, pharmacists and other providers of medical care are not the only controllers of health care costs. The US educational system plays a substantial role and, according to a recent estimate, it is in such a parlous state that its results—or lack of results—contribute to an estimated $15 billion a year in excess hospital costs alone. Some 40 million to 44 million Americans are functionally illiterate, the National Adult Literacy Survey has estimated. They are unable to read and comprehend adequately to function in society. Apart from other social disadvantages, this means they cannot understand a physician's prescription or health care instructions, and, perhaps even more important, they are unable to navigate through the complex health care system. The result is that not only are they in poorer health, with higher health care costs and more frequent hospitalizations than their literate fellow Americans, but they are unable
Observations on the Semi-centennial Meeting.
Authors: Leartus Connor
Journal: JAMA (1897)

Detroit, Mich., June 7, 1897. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —The most careless listener to the exercises held in Philadelphia, June 2, 1897, must have noted the evolution of theAssociationfrom its primary objects. As to membership: at first this included delegates from medical societies, State and local, from hospitals, and from medical colleges. Now only delegates from medical societies are admitted. The interest of the medical colleges are looked after by the American Medical College Association; the parent organization is interested only as the colleges furnish adequately trained medical men for its membership. To this end it frequently admonishes, and encourages, but no longer takes colleges as such into its fold. So with hospitals; Boards of Health, city, State and National; these have their representative societies local or National. Formerly theAssociationby its societies had a voice in regulating the practice of medicine; now State Boards with State authority
1015-218 Value of electrocardiographic parameters in identifying patients with a mild form of arrhythmogenic right ventricle dysplasia
Authors: Khurram Nasir, Chandra Bomma, Darshan Dalal, Daniyal Ahmed, HariKrishna Tandri, Ariel Roguin, Cynthia James, Crystal Tichnell, Hugh Calkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2004)