tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Effect of Captopril on Heavy Proteinuria in Azotemic Diabetics
Authors: Yoshio Taguma, Yasunori Kitamoto, Gen Futaki, Hitoshi Ueda, Hiromichi Monma, Makoto Ishizaki, Hisashi Takahashi, Hiroshi Sekino, Yasuhiko Sasaki
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We investigated whether captopril, an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, would reduce proteinuria in patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy. Captopril (37.5 mg given in divided doses three times daily) was administered to 10 azotemic diabetics with heavy proteinuria. Urinary protein decreased promptly within two weeks (from 10.6 +/- 2.2 to 6.1 +/- 1.4 g per day [mean +/- S.E.M.]; P less than 0.01). The decrease in proteinuria did not coincide with a fall in systemic blood pressure or in the blood glucose concentration. Serum creatinine and potassium values did not change in any of the patients except one. We suggest that captopril caused a decrease in intrarenal hypertension, which contributed to the reduction of urinary protein excretion. The therapeutic value of this intervention remains to be established.
Suicides Among Military Personnel
Authors: Mary Jo Larson, Grant A. Ritter, Rachel Sayko Adams
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Tacrolimus versus microemulsified cyclosporine in liver transplantation — the TMC randomised trial. Final results at one year
Authors: Andrew Burroughs, Keith Rolles, Alex Gimson, Neville Jamieson, Mark Hudson, Michael Thick, John O'Grady, Nigel Heaton, David Mayer, James Neuberger, Alaistair Macgilchrist, John Forsythe, Mervyn Davies, Stephen Pollard, Aiden McCormick
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Integrated hospital and community psychiatric services and use of inpatient beds.
Authors: P. Tyrer, R. Turner, A. L. Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1989)

The impact of introducing a divisional psychiatric service based in the community in Nottingham in 1981 on adult psychiatric admissions (patients aged 15-65) was examined with data from the Nottingham case register. During 1980-5 the number of psychiatric admissions fell significantly (4.5% a year) compared with the national figures (0.46% a year). Admissions were reduced most for the diagnoses of affective psychosis and neurotic and personality disorders. The average duration of admission fell by 3.6% a year, and use of inpatient beds fell by 37.5%. Integrating hospital and community psychiatric services by creating sectors is a viable and economically feasible way of improving psychiatric services.
Contribution of visceral adiposity and insulin resistance to metabolic risk factors in Japanese men
Authors: Rie Oka, Junji Kobayashi, Akihiro Inazu, Kunimasa Yagi, Susumu Miyamoto, Masaru Sakurai, Koshi Nakamura, Katsuyuki Miura, Hideaki Nakagawa, Masakazu Yamagishi
Journal: Metabolism (2009)
Transepithelial water permeability in microperfused distal airways. Evidence for channel-mediated water transport.
Authors: H G Folkesson, M A Matthay, A Frigeri, A S Verkman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1996)

Water movement across the airway epithelium is important for regulation of the volume and composition of airspace fluid. A novel approach is reported here to measure osmotic and diffusional water permeability in intact airways. Small airways (100-200 microns diameter, 1-2 mm length) from guinea pig lung were microdissected and perfused in vitro using concentric glass holding and perfusion pipettes. For measurement of osmotic water permeability (Pf), the airway lumen was perfused wit PBS (300 mOsM) containing a membrane impermeable fluorophore, fluorescein sulfonate (FS), and the airway was bathed in solutions of specified osmolalities. Pf determination was based on the changes in FS fluorescence at the distal end of the airway resulting from transepithelial water transport. Pf was 4-5 x 10(-3) cm/s at 23 degrees C and independent of lumen flow rate (10-100 nl/min) and the magnitude and direction of the osmotic gradient (bath osmolality 50-600 mOsM). Temperature dependence measurements gave an activation energy of 4.4 kcal/mol (15-37 degrees C). Pf was not altered by 0.3 mM HgCl2 or 50 microM forskolin, but was increased to 31 x 10(-3) cm/s by 100 micrograms/ml amphotericin B, indicating that osmosis is not limited by unstirred layers. Diffusional water permeability (Pd) was measured by H2O/D2O (deuterium oxide) exchange using the H2O/D2O-sensitive fluorescent probe aminonapthelane trisulfonic acid in the lumen. Measured Pd was 3-6 x 10(-6) cm/s at 23 degrees C, indicating significant restriction to water diffusion by unstirred layers. Antibody localization of water channels showed strong expression of the mercurial-insensitive water channel (AQP-4) at the basolateral membrane of airway epithelial cells. These results provide functional evidence that water movement across the distal airway epithelium is mediated by water channels.
TCT-180 One-Year "Real-World" Outcomes Following Implantation of the ION(tm) Paclitaxel-Eluting Platinum Chromium Coronary Stent in Routine Clinical Practice: Primary Endpoint Results of the ION U.S. Post-Approval Registry
Authors: Louis Cannon, Carey D. Kimmelstiel, Mirle Kellett, Anthony White, Roger Hill, Timothy Grady, Paul R. Myers, Paul Underwood, Keith D. Dawkins
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Effects of Linear Polyethylenimine and Polyethylenimine/DNA on Lung Function after Airway Instillation to Rat Lungs
Authors: Aima N. Uduehi, Uz Stammberger, Bartosz Kubisa, Matthias Gugger, Thomas A. Buehler, Ralph A. Schmid
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

Lung transplantation is an acceptable treatment option for various end-stage pulmonary diseases, but long-term survival currently lags behind that after transplantation of other solid organs. We hypothesized that gene transfer to grafts before transplantation may be a useful method to deliver antioxidant and/or anti-inflammatory genes to modulate these processes. For this purpose, we assessed the efficiency of gene transfer and effects on lung function of the synthetic polycation, linear polyethylenimine (PEI), after airway instillation to the lungs of Fischer rats. Twenty-four hours after gene delivery, reporter gene activity in DNA/PEI treated rats was approximately 12-fold higher than that in rats treated with naked DNA, but by 72 hours there was no significant difference between groups and activity had decreased by at least 85%. Function of the transfected left lung was assessed by measuring arterial PaO2 levels and was found to be significantly lower at 24 and 72 hours after gene transfer in the PEI/DNA group compared with the naked DNA group. The deterioration in lung function correlated with histological findings. Rats treated with PEI alone and sacrificed after 72 hours showed an impairment in lung function similar to tha seen with PEI/DNA treatment. Our studies highlight the importance of assessing the functional capacity of a graft after gene transfer to determine suitability for subsequent transplantation.
The Algorithm in Medicine-Reply
Authors: William H. Crosby
Journal: JAMA (1978)

Sheiner et al write as though my intention had been to patch up their algorithm. It was not. It was to warn against taking seriously "one person's concept of how to play a game." My questions were not intended to imply that routine reticulocyte counts or routine serum iron measurements should be forced on physicians on pain of being zapped by score-keeping clinical pathologists. I intended that they illustrate how unrealistic some of the procrustean requirements appear on paper. Ordering serum folate and B<sub>12</sub>determinations in every case of macrocytic anemia with a normal reticulocyte count seems analogous to prescribing folate and B<sub>12</sub>determinations for every patient with macrocytic anemia. We should discourage such practices, not give praise. The authors' reiteration of procedures and intentions changes nothing, even though their three cases of missed iron deficiency anemia became two on retelling, and even though they say
Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Ventilated Patients
Authors: Guy Prod'hom
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1994)

Letters15 November 1994Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Ventilated PatientsGuy Prod'hom, Andre Blum, and Patrick FrancioliGuy Prod'homSearch for more papers by this author, Andre BlumSearch for more papers by this author, and Patrick FrancioliSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-121-10-199411150-00032 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail IN RESPONSE:Dr. Moore points out that the overall incidence of pneumonia in our study (21.7%) exceeds the incidence of significant gastrointestinal bleeding and suggests that the benefit of gastric acid-reducing strategies may be outweighed by the risk for pneumonia in ventilated patients. We agree, although Dr. Moore should have more appropriately used for comparison the difference in the incidence of late-onset pneumonia between patients receiving pH-elevating agents (25 of 161 patients [16%]) and those receiving sucralfate (4 of 76 patients [5%]). In fact, our results suggest that sucralfate, an agent that does not modify gastric pH, may obviate the ...References1. Cook DJ, Witt LG, Cook RJ, Guyatt GH. Stress ulcer prophylaxis in the critically ill: a meta-analysis. Am J Med. 1991; 91:519-27. Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Guy Prod'hom; Andre Blum; Patrick Francioli PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1994Volume 121, Issue 10 Page: 816-817 Keywords Gastric ulcers Hemorrhage Pathogenesis Pneumonia Prophylaxis Ulcers ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1994 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1994 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Paraneoplastic hypercalcemia and renal malignancy.
Authors: M. A. Sperber
Journal: BMJ (1969)

M RNA coccus faecalis (4).Mixed infections (including Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella, and Proteus spp.) were present in 21 urines from patients with gross urological abnormalities.In 13 instances urine samples were collected following the administration of antibiotics.All samples were transferred to the laboratory immediately after collection, and bacterial counts carried out by the surface plating method.Part of the sample was immediately refrigerated, while the remainder was incubated at 37°C.overnight.At the end of this period further bacterial counts were carried out, and the creatinine content of both the refrigerated and incubated samples was measured on the Technicon auto-analyser.In 12 urines which contained 108 organisms/ ml., and in nine urines from treated patients, the counts did not rise detectably on incubation.Otherwise, following overnight incubation the bacterial counts rose to 108 or more per ml., representing a rise of more than 1,000-fold in 16 urines, 100-fold in nine, and 10-fold or more in the remainder.Urinary creatinine concentrations ranged from 14 to 236 mg./100 ml.In none of the 90 samples examined was there any change in urine creatinine content outside the analytical error of the method.The results of these studies thus clearly show that over a wide range of creatinine concentrations bacterial multiplication within the urine over a period of up to 24 hours has no effect on urinary creatinine content.We have therefore concluded that estimations of urinary creatinine for clearance or other purposes are not invalidated by the presence of bacteria in the sample.-Weare, etc.,
WHEN CANCER BECOMES A MICROSCOPIC DISEASE, THERE MUST BE TISSUE DIAGNOSIS IN THE OPERATING ROOM
Authors: Joseph Colt Bloodgood
Journal: JAMA (1927)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —ThroughThe JournalI am anxious to call the attention of members of the medical profession interested in tissue diagnosis in the operating room to an article on "Biopsy" published in the<i>Southern Medical Journal</i>(<b>20:</b>18 [Jan.] 1927). As we have enlightened the public and as the public has come to understand our message, the percentage of inoperable and hopeless cancer has fallen: in the records of the Johns Hopkins Hospital from more than 50 per cent previous to 1900 to less than 5 per cent since 1920. Cancer can be diagnosed clinically in the hopeless and late stages. In the next stage of cancer, which usually is not hopeless and is often clinically benign, the diagnosis can be made by an experienced surgeon with the naked eye. This is the gross diagnosis of cancer. But in some communities the people have reacted so intelligently to
Reply from Junior Doctors Committee
Authors: K. Reid
Journal: BMJ (1995)

EDITOR,--Christopher Wong is wrong to state that it is solely the Junior Doctors Committee that recommends eight hours' rest for doctors on call. This recommendation is part of the guidance on working arrangements of doctors and dentists in training1 issued by the NHS Executive on behalf of the signatories to the heads of agreement on junior doctors' hours.2 As such it represents a position endorsed by the conference of royal colleges, the Joint Consultants Committee, the Central …
A class II gene conversion event defines an antigen-specific Ir gene epitope.
Authors: P S Hochman, B T Huber
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1984)

To assess the role of Ia epitopes in conferring specificity for the immune response to nominal antigen, we compared the insulin response of mice with a defined mutation in the I-Ab beta gene, the B6.C-H-2bm12 (bm12), with that of wild-type H-2b C57BL/6 (B6) mice. We report that the bm 12 mutation resulted in a selective alteration of the specificity of insulin recognition, such that bm 12 mice responded upon immunization with sheep but not beef insulin, which differ by only one amino acid at position 9 of the insulin A chain. Thus, the bm12 mutation allows for the definition of the actual nucleotide sequence coding for an Ia epitope that is responsible for controlling the specificity of immune recognition of insulin. Furthermore, we show that the sheep insulin response of H-2k mice is controlled by the E molecule and that sheep insulin can be recognized by primed bm12 and H-2k T cells in the context of either bm12, B10.A, or B10.A(5R) antigen-presenting cells. Our data suggest that the mechanism for the bm12 mutation was the intergenic transfer of a hypervariable region in the first domain that is identical in the I-Abm12 beta, I-Eb beta, and I-Ek beta genes.
Changes in Severity of Allergy and Anxiety Symptoms Are Positively Correlated in Patients with Recurrent Mood Disorders Who Are Exposed to Seasonal Peaks of Aeroallergens
Authors: T.T. Postolache, S. Zimmerman, M. Lapidus, J. Cabassa, D. D'Agostino, P. Langenberg, L. Tonelli
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Portacaval Shunts in the Treatment of Portal Hypertension
Authors: Robert R. Linton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

A NEW chapter is being written on the treatment of portal hypertension with bleeding esophageal varices. Eck,1 in 1877, was the first to demonstrate that the portal vein can be anastomosed to the inferior vena cava in animal experiments. From then until 1945 only a few sporadic attempts of portacaval shunts in human beings were reported in the literature. Most of these were unsuccessful, but with the recent favorable reports of Whipple2 in 1945 and Blakemore3 , 4 in 1945 and 1947, a renewed interest has been stimulated in this subject. These authors have described two types of venous shunts to reduce . . .
The patient's perspective on medicines in mental illness
Authors: M. Shooter
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Drug treatment is only a part of what the patient needs 

Worldwide 40 antipsychotic preparations are available and twice as many antidepressants. As a patient with a recurrent depressive disorder myself it would be comforting to think that choice of treatment is based on a concordance between the patient's wishes and the doctor's advice. In reality it will reflect the many factors that affect their relationship—medical attitudes; the way information is presented; the capacity of patients to understand this information and to relate it to their condition; health service, social, and commercial pressures. Not surprisingly, Cochrane reviews of interventions to improve “adherence” show findings that are inconsistent or complex.1 2 Adherence can only be improved by mutual respect.

#### The benzodiazepine story

First introduced to the United Kingdom in the 1960s as a “safe” alternative to barbiturates

Used as a panacea for anxiety—in everything from wrecked marriages to redundancy

31 million NHS prescriptions per year at the height of their popularity, enough to sedate three out of every four adults in the land

Experts voicing warnings about addiction and side effects by the early 1970s. Fought by drug companies and ignored by doctors

Not until 1988 that the Committee on Safety of Medicines took decisive action. Users banded …
The Diagnosis of Post-Cholecystectomy Cystic Duct Fistula Utilizing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography
Authors: R. Agrawal, R. Mitre, G. Brodmerkel, D. Brooks
Journal: Endoscopy (1979)

A patient developed persistent right upper quadrant pain and tenderness following cholecystectomy. An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatogram showed leakage of bile through the cystic duct remnant into the subhepatic space. The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings (ERCP) are described.
SEQUENT PLEASE WORL WIDE REGISTRY: RESULTS OF PACLITAXEL COATED BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY FOR TREATMENT OF DE-NOVO CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
Authors: Jochen Woehrle, Wolfgang Motz, Sven Moebius-Winkler, Matthias Leschke, Christian Opitz, Waqas Ahmed, Paul Barragan, Jean-Philippe Simon, Graham Cassel, Luis Elbal, Bruno Scheller
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2012)
ACTH and the Regulation of Adrenocortical Secretion
Authors: William F. Ganong, Lesley Coulton Alpert, Thomas C. Lee
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

THE secretion of the adrenal cortex is in large part regulated by ACTH from the pituitary gland. However, the cortex is really a two-part gland, and the effect of ACTH on one part is different from its effect on the other. This fact has interesting consequences in terms of both normal function and the pathophysiology of adrenocortical disease.Adrenocortical hormones are conveniently divided into three categories: glucocorticoids, which exert their effects primarily on carbohydrate and protein metabolism; mineralocorticoids, which regulate sodium and potassium metabolism; and sex hormones, which supplement the actions of the androgens and estrogens secreted by the gonads. . . .
Downregulation of basophil-derived IL-4 and in vivo TH2 IgE responses by serotonin and other organic cation transporter 3 ligands
Authors: Elke Schneider, François Machavoine, Rachel Bricard-Rignault, Mélanie Levasseur, Anne France Petit-Bertron, Sophie Gautron, Jean-Antoine Ribeil, Jean-Marie Launay, Salah Mecheri, Francine Côté, Michel Dy
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Stressed Mycobacteria Use the Chaperone ClpB to Sequester Irreversibly Oxidized Proteins Asymmetrically Within and Between Cells
Authors: Julien Vaubourgeix, Gang Lin, Neeraj Dhar, Nicolas Chenouard, Xiuju Jiang, Helene Botella, Tania Lupoli, Olivia Mariani, Guangli Yang, Ouathek Ouerfelli, Michael Unser, Dirk Schnappinger, John McKinney, Carl Nathan
Journal: Cell Host & Microbe (2015)
Carbohydrate antigens in serum of patients with carcinoma.
Authors: T Eisen, A Leathem
Journal: BMJ (1984)

<h3>Objective</h3> Whole-body vibration (WBV) has been recently suggested as an alternative form of exercise. In this study, the acute effects of a single session of WBV exercise on anabolic hormones in aged individuals were analysed. <h3>Design</h3> A randomised cross-over trial design was used. <h3>Settings</h3> Geriatrics Department, Woodend Hospital. <h3>Participants</h3> 20 individuals (9 men and 11 women; median age 70 years (range 66 to 85 years) volunteered in the experiment. <h3>Interventions</h3> Isometric squat on a platform with vibration or no vibration (control) conditions. <h3>Main outcome measurements</h3> Plasma cortisol, testosterone, growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured before, immediately after, and 1 and 2 h after the interventions. <h3>Reports</h3> A significant difference between treatments (p&lt;0.001) and a time6treatment interaction (p&lt;0.05) was found in IGF-1 levels. Cortisol levels were shown not to be significantly different between treatments (p = 0.43), but a difference over time (p&lt;0.001) and a time6 treatment interaction (p&lt;0.05) were identified. No significant differences were identified in GH and testosterone levels. <h3>Conclusions</h3> As shown by the results of the study, 5 min of WBV exercise characterised by static squat with a frequency of 30 Hz can be performed by older individuals without apparent signs of stress and/or fatigue. Furthermore, WBV produced an acute increase in the circulating levels IGF-1 and cortisol greater than that observed following the same exercise protocol conducted without vibration.
X-RAYS AND X-RAY DIAGNOSIS.
Authors: PHILIP MILLS JONES
Journal: JAMA (1897)

A great discovery, great in the sense of discovering a fundamental principle or a fact profoundly modifying existing theories or hypotheses, is not infrequently found to be of most value, from the purely utilitarian standpoint, in some branch of science, or some art, other than that in which it was primarily made. One of the most striking examples of this statement is to be found in the history of what has become bacteriology. Pasteur was seeking for the cause of fermentation, and more particularly the fermentation of grape juice; yet his discovery has revolutionized the practice of surgery and almost transformed the practice of medicine. Admitting that science and many of the useful arts have profited largely by the discovery of Pasteur and the researches of subsequent investigators the fact remains, and I think will not be disputed, that society has been most benefited through the influence of the discovery