tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Potentially curative surgery of colon cancer: the influence of blood vessel invasion.
Authors: B D Minsky, C Mies, T A Rich, A Recht, J T Chaffey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1988)

A number of series have examined the influence of blood vessel invasion (BVI) by tumor on survival of patients with colorectal cancer; however, there are little data available regarding its influence on patterns of failure. In an effort to determine the influence of BVI on the patterns of failure and survival in colon cancer, a retrospective review of 294 patients who underwent potentially curative surgery at the New England Deaconess Hospital (NEDH) was performed. Patients whose tumors had BVI experienced a significant decrease in the 5-year actuarial survival rate. BVI had little impact on the patterns of failure in stage B2 disease, but a significant increase in total failure and local failure (as a component of failure) occurred in stage C2. However, when examined by proportional hazards analysis, BVI was found not to be an independent prognostic variable. For patients with stage C2 tumors, which are also BVI+, radiation therapy to the tumor bed might play a contributory role in overall management.
Health-care costs over 15 years after bariatric surgery for patients with different baseline glucose status: results from the Swedish Obese Subjects study
Authors: Catherine Keating, Martin Neovius, Kajsa Sjöholm, Markku Peltonen, Kristina Narbro, Jonas K Eriksson, Lars Sjöström, Lena M S Carlsson
Journal: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology (2015)
Interlaboratory reproducibility of a microsatellite-based typing assay for Aspergillus fumigatus through the use of allelic ladders: proof of concept
Authors: H.A. de Valk, J.F.G.M. Meis, S. Bretagne, J.-M. Costa, B.A. Lasker, S.A. Balajee, A.C. Pasqualotto, M.J. Anderson, L. Alcázar-Fuoli, E. Mellado, C.H.W. Klaassen
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Increasing Required Neural Response to Expose Abnormal Brain Function in Mild Versus Moderate or Severe Alzheimer's Disease: PET Study Using Parametric Visual Stimulation
Authors: Marc J. Mentis, Gene E. Alexander, Jack Krasuski, Pietro Pietrini, Maura L. Furey, Mark B. Schapiro, Stanley I. Rapoport
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1998)

The authors examined the interaction of Alzheimer's disease severity and visual stimulus complexity in relation to regional brain function.Each subject had five positron emission tomography [15]H2O scans while wearing goggles containing a grid of red lights embedded into each lens. Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) was measured at 0 Hz and while lights were flashed alternately into the two eyes at 1, 4, 7, and 14 Hz. Changes in regional CBF from the 0-Hz baseline were measured at each frequency in 19 healthy subjects (mean age = 65 years, SD = 11), 10 patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (mean age = 69, SD = 5; Mini-Mental State score > or = 20), and 11 patients with moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (mean age = 73, SD = 12; Mini-Mental State score < or = 19).As pattern-flash frequency increased, CBF responses in the comparison group included biphasic rising then falling in the striate cortex, linear increase in visual association areas, linear decrease in many anterior areas, and a peak at 1 Hz in V5/MT. Despite equivalent resting CBF and CBF responses to low frequencies among all groups, the groups with Alzheimer's disease had significantly smaller CBF responses than the comparison group at the frequency producing the largest response in the comparison group in many brain regions. Also, patients with moderate/severe dementia had smaller responses at frequencies producing intermediate responses in comparison subjects.Functional failure was demonstrated in patients with mild dementia when large neural responses were required and in patients with moderate/severe dementia when large and intermediate responses were required.
Benefits and Harms of Mammography Screening After Age 74 Years: Model Estimates of Overdiagnosis
Authors: N. T. van Ravesteyn, N. K. Stout, C. B. Schechter, E. A. M. Heijnsdijk, O. Alagoz, A. Trentham-Dietz, J. S. Mandelblatt, H. J. de Koning
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (2015)

The aim of this study was to quantify the benefits and harms of mammography screening after age 74 years, focusing on the amount of overdiagnosis of invasive breast cancer and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).Three well-established microsimulation models were used to simulate a cohort of American women born in 1960. All women received biennial screening starting at age 50 years with cessation ages varying from 74 up to 96 years. We estimated the number of life-years gained (LYG), quality-adjusted life-years, breast cancer deaths averted, false-positives, and overdiagnosed women per 1000 screens.The models predicted that there were 7.8 to 11.4 LYG per 1000 screens at age 74 years (range across models), decreasing to 4.8 to 7.8 LYG per 1000 screens at age 80 years, and 1.4 to 2.4 LYG per 1000 screens at age 90 years. When adjusted for quality-of-life decrements, the LYG decreased by 5% to 13% at age 74 years and 11% to 22% at age 80 years. At age 90 to 92 years, all LYG were counterbalanced by a loss in quality-of-life, mainly because of the increasing number of overdiagnosed breast cancers per 1000 screens: 1.2 to 5.0 at age 74 years, 1.8 to 6.0 at age 80 years, and 3.7 to 7.5 at age 90 years. The age at which harms began to outweigh benefits shifted to a younger age when larger or longer utility losses because of a breast cancer diagnosis were assumed.The balance between screening benefits and harms becomes less favorable after age 74 years. At age 90 years, harms outweigh benefits, largely as a consequence of overdiagnosis. This age was the same across the three models, despite important model differences in assumptions on DCIS.
T8 and T3 Surface Glycoproteins in Human T-Cell Mediation of Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition to Extracts of Autologous Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: N Labateya, D M Thomson
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

Monoclonal antibodies (MAb's) [anti-Leu-1, anti-Leu-2a (T8), anti-Leu-3a (T4), and anti-Leu-4 (T3)] were used to elucidate the type of T-cell mediating leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) and the role of T-cell surface glycoproteins in LAI. T8+ (Leu-2a+) and T4+ (Leu-3a+) subtypes were isolated by panning. T8+ (Leu-2a+) cells showed LAI to extracts of autologous cancer, whereas the T4+ (Leu-3a+) subset had no LAI response. Moreover, MAb to the T8+ (Leu-2a+) glycoprotein negated T-cell LAI, but MAb to Leu-1+ or to T4+ (Leu-3a+) did not negate T-cell LAI to autologous cancer extracts. The T3+ (Leu-4+) differentiation also was essential for T-cell LAI to autologous cancer extracts since anti-Leu-4 (T3) negated the response. Since LAI to autologous cancer extracts depends ultimately on leukotriene and other oxidative metabolites of arachidonic acid generated by the T-cell binding tumor antigen, the effect of MAb on LAI induced by leukotriene B4 isomer III. 5(S), 12(R)-dihydroxy-6, 14-cis-8, 10-trans-eicosatetraenoic acid (LTB4) was examined. Authentic LTB4 induced nonadherence of 34% of adherent T-cells, and this effect was not negated by anti-Leu-1, anti-T8 (Leu-2a), or anti-T4 (Leu-3a). However, anti-T3 (Leu-4) abrogated LTB4-induced LAI of pure T-cells without any effect on the basic adherence properties of T-cells. The present findings indicated that LAI to autologous cancer extracts was mediated by T-cells of the T8+ phenotype when they recognize tumor antigen and polymorphic major histocompatibility complex determinants on autologous cancer membranes. Moreover, differentiation glycoproteins T8+ (Leu-2a+) and T3+ (Leu-4+) on the surface of the responding effector T-cells performed distinct biologic functions that enabled the tumor antigen to trigger T-cell LAI.
Influence of tiotropium bromide (TB) and carbocysteine (C) on mucociliary clearance (MCC) in patients with COPD
Authors: Tetyana Pertseva, Olena Lykholat, Olena Gurzhiy
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim: to compare the influence of TB alone and in combination with C on MCC.

MM biochemical parameters of sputum (medium weight molecules (MWM), trypsin, α1-proteinase inhibitor (α1-PI)) were researched for MCC evaluation.

Results: dynamic of indices for gr.1-in table 1, for gr.2-in table 2.

View this table:

Table 1





View this table:

Table 2





Conclusions:

1. TB demonstrated positive influence on MCC: broncholytic effect reduces of damage influence of bronchial contents' accumulation on cilia; activation of local trypsinolytic activity of sputum reduces of sputum viscosity; selective influence on M3-cholinoreceptors leads to bronchial secretion's limitation and to anti-inflammatory effect, as a result – to decrease of MWM level, which leads to decrease of sputum viscosity.

2. Benefit of C addition to TB appeared only in greater increase of trypsinolytic activity of sputum (10,7 %, p = 0,13). It can be explained by additional influence of C on rheological properties of sputum, due to its ability to reduce hypertrophy of mucous glands.
Tumor Regression Mediated by Mycobacterium bovis (Strain BCG). Effects of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide, Cortisone Acetate, and Antithymocyte Serum
Authors: Ed B. Chung, Berton Zbar, Herbert J. Rapp
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Journal Article Tumor Regression Mediated by Mycobacterium bovis (Strain BCG). Effects of Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide, Cortisone Acetate, and Antithymocyte Serum Get access Ed B. Chung, Ed B. Chung Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Berton Zbar, Berton Zbar Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Herbert J. Rapp Herbert J. Rapp Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute,3Bethesda, Maryland 20014 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 51, Issue 1, July 1973, Pages 241–250, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/51.1.241 Published: 01 July 1973 Article history Received: 23 February 1973 Accepted: 02 April 1973 Published: 01 July 1973
Gene–vitamin D interactions on food sensitization: a prospective birth cohort study
Authors: X. Liu, G. Wang, X. Hong, D. Wang, H.‐J. Tsai, S. Zhang, L. Arguelles, R. Kumar, H. Wang, R. Liu, Y. Zhou, C. Pearson, K. Ortiz, R. Schleimer, P. G. Holt, J. Pongracic, H. E. Price, C. Langman, X. Wang
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Liu X, Wang G, Hong X, Wang D, Tsai H‐J, Zhang S, Arguelles L, Kumar R, Wang H, Liu R, Zhou Y, Pearson C, Ortiz K, Schleimer R, Holt P, Pongracic J, Price HE, Langman C, Wang X. Gene–vitamin D interactions on food sensitization: a prospective birth cohort study. Allergy 2011; 66 : 1442–1448. Abstract Background: It has been hypothesized that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) contributes to the development of food sensitization (FS) and then food allergy. However, the epidemiological evidence is conflicting. We aim to examine whether cord blood VDD is associated with FS and whether such association can be modified by genetic variants in a prospective birth cohort. Methods: This study included 649 children who were enrolled at birth and followed from birth onward at the Boston Medical Center. We defined VDD as cord blood 25(OH)D &lt; 11 ng/ml, and FS as specific IgE ≥ 0.35 kUA/l to any of eight common food allergens in early childhood. We genotyped potentially functional single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 11 genes known to be involved in regulating IgE and 25(OH)D concentrations. Logistic regressions were used to test the effects of VDD on FS individually and jointly with SNPs. Results: Among the 649 children, 44% had VDD and 37% had FS. When examined alone, VDD was not associated with FS. When examined jointly with SNPs, a significant interaction between IL4 gene polymorphism (rs2243250) and VDD (p interaction = 0.003, p FDR = 0.10) was found: VDD increased the risk of FS among children carrying CC/CT genotypes (OR = 1.79, 95%CI: 1.15–2.77). Similar but weaker interactions were observed for SNPs in MS4A2 (rs512555), FCER1G (rs2070901), and CYP24A1 (rs2762934). When all four SNPs were simultaneously considered, a strong gene–VDD interaction was evident (p interaction = 9 × 10 −6 ). Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that VDD may increase the risk of FS among individuals with certain genotypes, providing evidence of gene–vitamin D interaction on FS.
Clonogenic Capacity of Proliferating and Nonproliferating Cells of a Transplantable Rat Rhabdomyosarcoma in Relation to its Radiosensitivity
Authors: G. W. Barendsen, H. Roelse, A. F. Hermans, H. T. Madhuizen, H. A. van Peperzeel, D. H. Rutgers
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Repeated injections with tritiated thymidine at 4-hour intervals were used to label all proliferating cells (P cells) in a transplantable rat rhabdomyosarcoma to distinguish these cells from nonproliferating cells (Q cells). After the last injection, the tumors were excised and tumor-cell suspensions were prepared. From these suspensions, cells were cultured for different time intervals up to 120 hours. Labeled cells and clones in cultures of different ages were counted by autoradiography; this revealed that Q cells from this rhabdomyosarcoma have an approximately egual capability as P cells to produce clones of at least 16 cells within 4 days after plating. The labeling index of cells in 12-hour cultures was equal to that of cells in the tumors, which indicates that the cell-dispersion technique applied to prepare a cell suspension from the tumor did not preferentially select P or Q cells. Factors which can induce Q cells to begin proliferation are discussed.
Impact of PET scan on staging and management of lung cancer patients in Indian scenario
Authors: Kinjal Modi, Jyotsna Joshi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction:  To see how this new modality changes management of lung cancer patients.   Aim:  To observe the effect of PET scan on staging and treatment of lung cancer patients over CT scan.   Method:  In our prospective study(2007-09),57 patients diagnosed as lung cancer based on histopathology were classified as  small cell carcinoma (SCC)  or  non- small cell carcinoma (NSCC). NSCC  patients were staged by revised TNM staging (I to IV) and SCC ones as limited and extensive with CT scan of thorax/abdomen/brain & PET scan. Patients were advised surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy or palliative care based on the stage.   Results:  22 patients agreed for PET scan due to its high cost. Cancer stage changed in 11(50%) patients. 9(82%) patients were already non operable (IV & IIIB) in the unchanged group.  Treatment modality changed in 8(36%)patients with 7 becoming non operable.   Conclusion:  PET scan should be used as a screening tool prior to surgery for apparently operable cases as the benefit will be lost if metastasis pre-exists with discretion in developing nations due to cost factor.  drkinjalmodi@gmail.com.
Infective exacerbations of COPD. Relation between the bacteriologic etiology and severity of the disease
Authors: Ahmed Ben Saad, Naceur Rouatbi, Neji Skhiri, Samah Joobeur, Hadhemi Mribah, Saousen Cheikh Mhamed, Ali El Kamel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Bacterial infection is a major cause of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and Haemophilus influenza (HI) are the most frequently encountered.  Objectives: Studying the relation between the bacteriologic etiology of AECOPD and severity of the disease.  Methods: This is a retrospective study of patients with COPD hospitalised for AECOPD and whose bacteriological sputum was used to isolate the causative agent. In this study, we correlated the parameters of severity of the disease with isolated bacteria.  Results: 225 germs were isolated from 180 patients. The infection was polymicrobial in 19 patients. The bacteria isolated were: SP:18 cases, HI:42 cases, Pseudomonas:37 cases and Acinetobacter:14 cases. Patients that experienced pyocyanic and/or Acinetobacter infections are more symptomatic than COPD patients with past history of exacerbations due to HI and/or SP (mMRC=2-4: 86% vs 71%, p=0,049), most often GOLD 3 and 4 (89% vs 69%,p=0,009), had lower FEV1 (0,88L vs 1,07L, p=0,005), lower PaO2 (63 vs 68,2 mmHg, p=0,048), a higher PaCO2 (43,5 vs 40,6 mmHg, p=0,024) and significantly faster FEV1 decline (-70 vs -33,5 ml/year, p=0,001). Past history of AECOPD due to Pseudomonas and/or Acinetobacter was significantly associated with higher number of severe exacerbations per year (1.92 vs 1.3, p=0,003), higher number of hospitalisations in the respiratory medicine department (p=0,002), in the ICU (p=0,047) and more resort to home oxygen (p=0,024).  Conclusions:Pyocyanic and acinetobacter infections were observed more frequently in patients with severe deterioration of lung function and are associated with poor outcomes.
Unstable Cellular Differentiation in Adenosquamous Cell Carcinoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN3"&gt;3&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: V E Steele, P Nettesheim
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

For the determination of whether two or more stem lines with fixed or stable differentiation are present in a growing mixed adenosquamous cell carcinoma, two different mixed tumors, derived from transformed F344 rat tracheal epithelium, were dissociated and ten single cells were isolated from each tumor. Each of these single cells was allowed to grow 27 population doublings to form a clonal population. All clones were then inoculated into animals for the assessment of in vivo differentiation. All cell inocula produced carcinomas within 7–70 days. Of the ten single cell clones isolated from the first tumor, seven clones produced mixed adenosquamous carcinomas and three produced adenocarcinomas in which no squamous cell component was found. From the second tumor, eight clones produced mixed tumors and two produced squamous cell carcinomas in which no adenocarcinoma component was found. The mixed tumors derived from clones contained widely varying proportions of adeno and squamous components. Recloning of the cloned lines yielded populations that produced mixed adenosquamous cell carcinomas upon inoculation in vivo. Comparison of tumor phenotypes from clones of early and late passages further confirmed the instability of differentiation in these neoplastic epithelial cells. These studies strongly suggest that the mixture of differentiated cell types in adenosquamous cell carcinomas is not the result of a mixture of stem cells with one fixed phenotype within the tumor, but rather is the result of an instability of differentiation; the neoplastic cells can express both types of differentiation.
Cardiac involvement and molecular staging in a fatal case of mycosis fungoides
Authors: None Servitje, None Limón, None Blanco, None Carmona, None Serrano, None Romagosa, None Gallardo, None García, None Peyrí
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of T‐cell receptor‐γ gene rearrangement was used for molecular staging in a case of primary cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma (CTCL) with fatal evolution. Although initial evaluation was negative for systemic involvement, the patient died due to heart failure. Autopsy findings revealed lymphomatous myocardial infiltration, but other tissues and organs examined, including lymph nodes, liver, spleen, lung and bone marrow, appeared to be free of disease. Molecular analysis from frozen samples obtained during the initial evaluation, as well as paraffin‐embedded material obtained during autopsy, revealed the presence of clonal rearranged bands in all tissues examined except the bone marrow. Subsequent hybridization of PCR products with a tumour‐specific oligoprobe confirmed the PCR results, suggesting widespread dissemination of the lymphomatous process. The use of molecular analysis can add significant information about the extent of disease in patients with CTCL and may be helpful in the establishment of therapeutic options.
In Vivo Transplantability of Urinary Bladder Epithelia From Rats Ingesting N -[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide 2
Authors: S. Yalciner, A. J. Tiltman, G. H. Friedell
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1973)

Male and female Fischer rats were fed a diet containing 0.188% N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide. On the 3d week after feeding was started, male and female rats were killed at intervals through the 32d week, and their bladders were examined. Epithelial changes, present in all animals, varied from generalized hyperplasia early in the experiment to invasive carcinomas later. There were no morphologic differences between the sexes. Portions of hyperplastic or neoplastic bladder epithelium from one animal in each group were transplanted by trocar into the subcutaneoustissue of recipient animals of the same sex as the donor. Examination 25 weeks after implantation revealed 3 types of lesion. Type 1 was a small cyst lined l)y normal-appearing transitional epithelium. Type 2 was a small cyst lined by slightly hyperplastic or atypical epithelium. Type 3 was either a solid tumor or, more commonly, a small cyst showing marked hyperplasia or localized intracystic tumor formation. Lesions of type 3 were more often seen in recipients receiving implants from donorsfed carcinogen for 20 weeks or more. There were no sex differences in these results. Type-I lesions were also found in the control animals implanted with normal transitional epithelium. On two occasions tumor tissue was transplanted into recipients having the opposite sex of the donor. No significant differences were observed. Attempts at transplantation with a cell suspension failed, since only one type-1 lesion was produced.
Increased markers of oxidative stress in workers exposed to nanoparticles
Authors: Daniela Pelclova, Zdenka Fenclova, Stepanka Vlckova, Vladimir Zdimal, Jaroslav Schwarz, Jan Pusman, Nadezda Zikova, Kamila Syslova, Tomas Navratil, Marek Kuzma, Petr Kacer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

INTRODUCTION

Possible adverse health effects of nanoparticles are little understood. Pilot study was performed in workers exposed to TiO2 aerosol.

METHODS

Dynamics of aerosol number size distributions at the workplaces was monitored by SMPS and APS spectrometers in size range 15 nm-10 μm. Spatial distributions of total concentrations were determined using monitors of particle number (P-TRAK) and mass concentrations (DustTRAK DRX). Pre-shift and post-shift FeNO and markers in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) were measured in 20 workers, and 17 controls. Malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxy-trans-nonenale (HNE), 4-hydroxy-trans-hexenale (HHE), 8-isoProstaglandin F2α (8-isoprostane), 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHG), hydroxymethyl uracil (HMeU), o-tyrosine (o-Tyr), 3-chloro-tyrosine (3-Cl-Tyr), nitrotyrosine (NO-Tyr), C6-C13, and leukotrienes (LTs) were analyzed by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.

RESULTS

Total aerosol concentrations in the production plant varied in space and time; number concentrations 1x104-2x105 particles/cm3, mass concentrations 0.1-30 mg/m3. In the workshops, 90% of particles were under 100 nm in diameter. All pre-shift markers, except LTD4 and FeNO, were increased in workers. Markers of lipid oxidation were elevated (p<0.01): MDA, HNE, HHE, 8-isoprostane and C6-C13. Markers of oxidation of nucleic acids and proteins were higher (p<0.001): 8-OHdG, 8-OHG, HMeU, 3-Cl-Tyr and NO-Tyr. Elevated was o-Tyr, LTB4, LTC4 and LTE4. No difference was noted for post-shift EBC and FeNO.

CONCLUSION

This first study of EBC in workers suggests deleterious effects of TiO2 exposure to aerosol particles with nano-sized fractions.

P28/1LF/6.