tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Safety and immunogenicity of RV3-BB human neonatal rotavirus vaccine administered at birth or in infancy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Authors: Julie E Bines, Margaret Danchin, Pamela Jackson, Amanda Handley, Emma Watts, Katherine J Lee, Amanda West, Daniel Cowley, Mee-Yew Chen, Graeme L Barnes, Frances Justice, Jim P Buttery, John B Carlin, Ruth F Bishop, Barry Taylor, Carl D Kirkwood
Journal: The Lancet Infectious Diseases (2015)
Abstract 6122: Impact of Temporal Heterogeneity in Regional Cardiac Mechanics on Dyssynchrony Assessment by Tissue Velocity Versus Strain Echocardiography: Lessons from an Experimental Model of Heart Failure
Authors: Veronica Lea Dimaano, Aurelio Pinheiro, Samantapudi Daya, Anne Capriotti, Gordon Tomaselli, Albert Lardo, David Kass, Theodore Abraham
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: We evaluated the relative usefulness of tissue Doppler (TDE) and strain (SE) echocardiography in depicting mechanical synchrony in a well-validated dog model of tachypacing induced heart failure with left bundle branch ablation.  Methods: Twelve dogs underwent sequential left bundle branch ablation, 3-week atrial and 3-week biventricular pacing at 200 bpm inducing dyssynchronous heart failure (DHF) and resynchronization (CRT) respectively. Conventional, TDE and SE was performed at DHF, immediately after (acute CRT) and at 3 weeks of biventricular pacing (chronic CRT). Mechanical dyssynchrony (MD, longitudinal) was determined by 4 indices: time delay between basal segments of 2 opposing walls (septal-lateral and anteroseptal-posterior) by peak systolic velocity during ejection phase (TD SV-Ejection ), peak positive systolic velocity (TD SV ), peak strain (TD STRAIN ) and 12-segment standard deviation of time to peak strain (Dyssynchrony index or DI).  Results: All indices of dyssynchrony except TD SV-Ejection  improved substantially with acute CRT (Figure A) compared to DHF and all remained significantly better at 3 weeks CRT. TD SV-Ejection  underestimated MD at DHF stage consequent to misidentification of septal systolic peaks in DHF that tended to generally precede aortic valve opening (Figure B).  Conclusion: Acute improvements in dyssynchrony with CRT are sustained with chronic CRT. Regional temporal heterogeneity of septal and lateral wall mechanics in DHF results in misidentification of systolic tissue velocity peaks during the ejection phase. Strain derived indices are less susceptible to these changes and may more accurately reflect dyssynchrony.
Role of Radionuclide Studies in Paediatric Orthopaedic Practice: A Review
Authors: Helen Carty, Robert Owen
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Radioisotope scanning has an established role in the investigation of bone disease and skeletal pain in the adult population.Its role in paediatric practice is not as widely appreciated, yet it has a major part to play in the investigation and follow up of a wide variety of lesions of the skeleton in children, both benign and malignant. RadiopharmaceuticalsMethylene diphosphanate labelled with technetium (TcMDP) is the radiopharmaceutical predominantly used.It has a reasonable blood and soft tissue clearance with good uptake in bone at about 2 hours following injection (Subramanian et al. 1975).As the half-life of technetium is 6 hours, images can be achieved at a fairly convenient interval while there is still enough radioactivity to allow fairly rapid acquisition of an image.Part of the administered dose is excreted via the kidneys; reduction of radiation dose to kidneys and bladder can be achieved by encouraging fluid intake and active bladder emptying in the 12 hours following injection.Bone imaging is occasionally performed using "'Indium-labelled autologous white cells, indium chloride or 67gallium citrate (Peters et al. 1982, Froelich & Swanson 1984).All three pharmaceuticals are actively taken up in inflammatory cells.They will, therefore, localize a focus of infection and are used in the detection of a lesion that is negative on methylene diphosphanate (MDP) scanning, or in the detection of reactivation in an old infection which may still show activity due to bone repair on conventional MDP scanning.Gallium is also taken up in malignant tissue.It can be used to detect metastases and has been used for staging of neuroblastomas, although this is not widespread practice. Sedation and equipmentAn isotope image takes approximately 3-5 minutes to acquire.It is important that the child remains still while the image is being acquired.It is our preference to use oral sedation where this is indicated, but this must be effective; a half-sedated child is more uncooperative than an alert one.Oral quinalbarbitone in a dose of 7-10 mg/kg given 30-40 minutes before the scans is the sedative favoured by us.This is heavy sedation and, if the scan is done as an outpatient procedure, the child must be kept in hospital until fully awake.High-resolution images are required for successful scanning in children.Coarse matrix digital images are unsatisfactory and should not be used.Trauma Assessment ofvascularity It is well known that avascular necrosis may be a complication of certain fractures or disloca- tions.This is particularly important in femoral head and neck fractures and hip dislocation.It is also a complication of septic arthritis of the hip, steroid therapy, renal transplantation and fractures of the talus and scaphoid.The radiological signs are late in appearing and will lag
Epidemiological investigation of a case of nosocomial Legionnaires' disease in Taiwan: implications for routine environmental surveillance
Authors: S.T. Chien, C.-M. Fong, J.C. Hsueh, T.-M. Lee, R.-J. Ben, S.-T. Chou, H.-H. Lin, H.-Y. Shih, Y.E. Lin, L.-R. Tseng, C.-S. Chiang
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2009)
Pulmonary Artery Growth After Palliation of Congenital Heart Disease With Duct-Dependent Pulmonary Circulation
Authors: Giuseppe Santoro, Giovanbattista Capozzi, Giuseppe Caianiello, Maria Teresa Palladino, Chiara Marrone, Gabriella Farina, Maria Giovanna Russo, Raffaele Calabrò
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2009)
Prognostic importance of congenital stridor occurred during the 1st year of life in children of five years of age
Authors: Elena Striga, Olga Zaytseva, Yury Soldatsky
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Stridor usually manifests after birth or at the age of 1 month and often disappears at 2-4 years of age without any treatment. The absence of data on growth and development of children with congenital stridor in literature have become the point of our research.   Objective:  To evaluate the impact of congenital stridor in infants as a predictor of chronic diseases.   Methods:  We examined 114 1-year old patients with congenital stridor. 60 children were included in 5-year catamnesis data. Our cohort consisted of children with persistent congenital stridor, excluding children with stridor due to ARD or tracheal intubation.   Results:  On their admission to the hospital all children had stridor of various degrees, 21,9% had regurgitation, 7% - choking, 7,9% - projectile vomiting, 5,3% were short-winded, 4,4% had sleep apnea and voice change. All children underwent thorough examination, rhinolahryngoscopy was performed in 94 patients.  Laryngomalacia was diagnosed in 80%, accompanied by pharyngolaryngeal reflux and gastroesophageal reflux in 93,3%. Reflux-esophagitis without inflammatory changes was found in 53,3%. All patients had connective tissue dysplasia. Mitral valve failure was present in 35%, PFO - in 16,7%, heart rate abnormalities - in 21,7%. Chest deformations were found in 45%, hypermobility of joints - in 38,8%.   Conclusions:  Congenital stridor may serve as a predictor of chronic disorders of gastrointestinal tract, ENT-system, dysplasia of connective tissue, cardiovascular diseases. Children with congenital stridor need to undergo detailed examinations and long-term regular medical check-ups in order to minimize the risk of complications.
Potential Proinvasive or Metastatic Effects of Preclinical Antiangiogenic Therapy Are Prevented by Concurrent Chemotherapy
Authors: Marta Paez-Ribes, Shan Man, Ping Xu, Robert S. Kerbel
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2015)

To resolve a controversy involving the therapeutic impact of antiangiogenic drugs and particularly antibodies targeting the VEGF pathway, namely, a body of preclinical mouse therapy studies showing such drugs can promote invasion and/or distant metastasis when used as monotherapies. In contrast, clinical studies have not shown such promalignancy effects. However, most such clinical studies have involved patients also treated with concurrent chemotherapy highlighting the possibility that chemotherapy may prevent any potential promalignancy effect caused by an antiangiogenic drug treatment.The impact of antiangiogenic therapy using DC101, an antibody targeting mouse VEGFR-2 with or without concurrent chemotherapy was assessed in multiple human breast cancer xenograft models, where impact on orthotopic primary tumors was evaluated. Metastasis was also assessed during adjuvant and neoadjuvant plus adjuvant therapy, after surgical resection of primary tumors, with the same combination therapies.Antiangiogenic therapy, while blunting tumor volume growth, was found to increase local invasion in multiple primary tumor models, including a patient-derived xenograft, but this effect was blocked by concurrent chemotherapy. Similarly, the combination of paclitaxel with DC101 caused a marked reduction of micro- or macrometastatic disease in contrast to DC101 monotherapy, which was associated with small increases in metastatic disease.Conventional wisdom is that targeted biologic antiangiogenic agents such as bevacizumab when used with chemotherapy increase the efficacy of the chemotherapy treatment. Our results suggest the reverse may be true as well-chemotherapy may improve the impact of antiangiogenic drug treatment and, as a result, overall efficacy. Clin Cancer Res; 21(24); 5488-98. ©2015 AACR.
Risk factors of new-onset asthma in adults: a population-based international cohort study
Authors: J. M. Antó, J. Sunyer, X. Basagaña, R. Garcia‐Esteban, I. Cerveri, R. De Marco, J. Heinrich, C. Janson, D. Jarvis, M. Kogevinas, N. Kuenzli, B. Leynaert, C. Svanes, M. Wjst, T. Gislason, P. Burney
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Antó JM, Sunyer J, Basagaña X, Garcia‐Esteban R, Cerveri I, de Marco R, Heinrich J, Janson C, Jarvis D, Kogevinas M, Kuenzli N, Leynaert B, Svanes C, Wjst M, Gislason T, Burney P. Risk factors of new‐onset asthma in adults: a population‐based international cohort study. Allergy 2010; 65 : 1021–1030 Abstract Background: The occurrence of new‐onset asthma during adulthood is common, but there is insufficient understanding of its determinants including the role of atopy. Objective: To assess the risk factors for the development of new‐onset asthma in middle‐aged adults and to compare them according to atopy. Methods: A longitudinal analysis of 9175 young adults who participated in two surveys of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) conducted 9 years apart. Findings: We observed 179 cases of new‐onset asthma among 4588 participants who were free of asthma and reported at the beginning of the follow‐up that they had never had asthma (4.5 per 1000 person‐years). In a logistic regression, the following risk factors were found to increase the risk of new‐onset asthma: female gender (OR: 1.97; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.38,2.81), bronchial hyperresponsiveness (3.25; 2.19,4.83), atopy (1.55;1.08,2.21), FEV 1 &lt; 100 % predicted (1.87;1.34,2.62), nasal allergy (1.98;1.39,2.84) and maternal asthma (1.91;1.13;3.21). Obesity, respiratory infections in early life and high‐risk occupations increased the risk of new‐onset asthma although we had limited power to confirm their role. Among the atopics, total IgE and sensitization to cat were independently related to the risk of new‐onset asthma. The proportion of new‐onset asthma attributable to atopy varied from 12% to 21%. Conclusion: Adults reporting that they had never had asthma were at a substantial risk of new‐onset asthma as a result of multiple independent risk factors including lung function. Atopy explains a small proportion of new‐onset adult asthma.
Prospects for the National Institutes of Health
Authors: John K. Iglehart
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

The Reagan administration has recently been sounding a lot of positive notes about the National Institutes of Health. The most politically audible note was the President's commitment, articulated as the only health-related item in the State of the Union address, to increase biomedical-research funding by $100 million. But in reality, the administration's policy, as reflected in its budget for fiscal 1983, falls short of maintaining the NIH's purchasing power and in effect erodes the strategy of stabilized funding developed under Jimmy Carter and embraced by Congress.The administration's support of biomedical research is a relative matter. Certainly, it comes far . . .
Abstract 21158: Atypical Symptoms are Associated with Delays to Hospital Presentation and Prolonged Door to Balloon Times in Patients with ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Juan P Cordova, Aleksandr Korniyenko, Carlos L Alviar, Girish N Nadkarni, Dayana J Eslava, Jorge E Romero, Amy Chorzempa, Fridman Vladimir, Christopher Cianci, Kathleen Kearney, Niki Kantrowitz, Mun Hong, Fox John, Jacqueline E Tamis-Holland
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  A comprehensive and rapid assessment of patients with STEMI is essential to improve total ischemic time. Prior studies suggest that patients with atypical symptoms have a longer symptom onset to presentation time (S2PT) and door to balloon time (D2PT). There is limited data on the association of the different types of symptoms of MI with S2PT and D2BT.   Objectives:  To estimate the association of different symptom presentations on D2BT and S2PT.   Methods:  Consecutive patients presenting to one of 4 hospitals in NYC with STEMI and referred for primary angioplasty were evaluated. Clinical and demographic variables were recorded. A patients9 symptoms at the time of MI, as well as patterns of behavior following the onset of symptoms were assessed by telephone interview performed during routine follow-up. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to estimate the association between D2BT, S2PT and the primary variables of interest.   Results:  Among 105 patients 60 (57%) presented with chest pain (CP), and 45 (43%) had atypical symptoms; (12 (11%) had shortness of breath SOB), 15 (14%) had gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and 18 (17%) had other symptoms). The baseline variables and S2PT and D2BT for patients with CP vs. atypical symptoms are depicted in the table. When a multivariate logistic regression was performed for the odds of S2P time > 2hours, patients presenting with GI symptoms had the highest odds (4.30; 95% CI 1.22–15.14;p=0.02), while SOB had the highest odds for a D2B > 90 minutes, (Odds Ratio 5.06; 95% CI 1.34–19.03;p=0.01).   Conclusion:  Atypical symptoms during STEMI are common and significantly influence the D2BT and S2PT. GI symptoms appear to have the greatest impact on S2PT, and SOB is associated with prolonged D2BT. Patient education outlining the potential for atypical symptoms during an MI is crucial for earlier patient presentation, and EMS-ER staff must maintain a high index of suspicion when triaging patients with these symptoms.
Validation of an in vitro tracheal model for the study of innate host defence mechanism in respiratory tract infections
Authors: Khondoker Akram, Priyanka Anujan, Bethany Mccloskey, Lynne Bingle, Colin Bingle
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

In vitro models of the murine respiratory epithelium offer an attractive experimental system for discovering aspect of respiratory host defence. In contrast to the situation with human cells, murine cells have not been as extensively characterised and their host defence functions have not been fully explored. We have developed and validated an in vitro tracheal ALI (air liquid interface) culture model as a tool to understand the host defence function of the respiratory epithelium. Mouse tracheal epithelial cells (mTEC) isolated from C57BL/6 mice, were seeded onto transwells and grown to confluence in submerged culture. Cells were then cultured for 14 days at the ALI for differentiation. Transcriptional alterations were monitored during 14 days of ALI culture and apical secretions were collected for protein analysis. Our data shows that on day 14 of ALI culture the epithelial layer mimics the original tracheal epithelium. Following differentiation, SPLUNC1 and LPLUNC1, TEKT-1 (a cilia marker) and MUC5B expression was similar to that of the original cells, however CCSP expression was down-regulated compared to the original cells. SPLUNC1 protein was detected at increasing levels in the apical secretions during differentiation and the protein was localised to a non-ciliated cell population by confocal microscopy. Our study suggests that primary differentiated mTEC cultures replicate key features of the tracheal epithelium and offer an invaluable platform for subsequent studies of respiratory host defence.
Respiratory movements, chest mobility and sensitivity to pain in patients with sensory hyper reactivity (SHR) asthma and COPD
Authors: Ewa-Lena Johansson, Ewa Ternesten-Hasséus, Monika Fagevik-Olsén, Eva Millqvist
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  SHR is characterized of airway symptoms induced by chemicals, scents, cold air and exercise; it affects more than 6% of the Swedish adult population. The symptoms including chest tightness, difficulties to breathe and cough are suggestive for asthma but asthma-tests are negative and asthma medication has no effect.   Aim:  To study SHR patients9 respiratory movements, chest mobility, and sensitivity to pain in comparison to patients with asthma, COPD and healthy controls.   Methods:  37 patients with SHR, 32 with asthma, 19 with COPD and 28 controls were included. Chest expansion was measured with a measuring tape, thoracic and abdominal movements were measured with the respiratory movement-measuring instrument (RMMI). Pressure pain threshold (PPT) was assessed at five bilateral points.   Results:  The Kruskal Wallis test showed that the groups differed significantly on the subject of lung function, respiratory rate and PPT but also regarding chest expansion and abdominal movements at quiet and deep breathing.  Analyzed with the Mann –Whitney U-test the SHR, asthma and COPD patients had decreased PPT compared to the healthy controls. Compared to the controls and the asthma group the SHR patients had reduced abdominal and thoracic movements. In the COPD group, but not among the asthmatics, abdominal and thoracic movements were reduced compared to the controls.   Conclusion:  In SHR respiratory movements and chest mobility are impaired and the patients appeared to have most similarities with the COPD group where 15 out of 19 had severe or very severe COPD. SHR, asthma and COPD patients had all decreased PPT.
Long-Term Follow up of Trans-Sphenoidal Hypophysectomy for Cushing's Disease
Authors: I R Brand, G A Dalton, R F Fletcher
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Fourteen patients with Cushing's disease treated by trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy between 1962 and 1975 were reviewed in 1983. Complete ablation had been attempted. There were no surgical deaths and one episode of bacterial meningitis. Two patients required a second operation for a cerebrospinal fluid leak. There have been three late deaths from unrelated causes. All patients had a biochemical remission of their Cushing's disease postoperatively and no relapse has been recorded. Most patients need some hormone replacement but residual pituitary function and sella radiography have remained stable. This treatment seems satisfactory and the evidence implies a pituitary aetiology of the syndrome.
Impact of subcutaneous amifostine on xerostomia and survival during concurrent chemoradiation for head and neck cancer: 18-month follow-up data from a phase II trial
Authors: A. Law, T. Kennedy, P. Pellitteri, C. Wood, M. Wilkinson, C. Douglas, O. Yumen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2005)

5576 Background: Subcutaneous (sc) amifostine administered concurrently with chemoradiation reduces the severity of acute radiotherapy- and chemotherapy-induced toxicites without diminishing tumor control. (Law, Proc ASCO 23, Abst 5564). We report long-term follow-up data from a phase II trial evaluating the radioprotective effects of amifostine in patients with head and neck cancer. Brizel and colleagues showed daily intravenous administration of amifostine during radiation reduced acute and chronic xerostomia without compromise of the efficacy of the radiation (J Clin Oncol 18:3339–3345, 2000). Methods: Twenty patients with previously untreated TNM stage III, IV patients with squamous cell cancer of head and neck, ECOG PS 0–1, adequate organ function, received once-daily fractionated radiotherapy to a total dose of 70–72Gy. Paclitaxel (40mg/m2) and carboplatin (100mg/m2) were administered intravenously weekly for six weeks. Patients received amifostine as two, 250mg sc injection (2.5ml total volume) 30 minutes before daily radiotherapy. Results: Median follow-up was 19 months. Locoregional tumor control rates were 95% and 88% at 12 and 18 months, respectively. Distant disease free rates were 95% and 82%. The incidence of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) ≥ grade 2 xerostomia was 42% and 29% at 12 and 18 months, respectively. The 1-yr and 2-yr survival estimate was 95% and 83%. Conclusions: Subcutaneous amifostine provides long-term (at least 18-months) radioprotection from xerostomia without evidence of loss of tumor control. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
A Quantitative Dose-Response Study of Lymphoid-Tumor Development in Irradiated C57 Black Mice&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn1"&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Henry S. Kaplan, Mary B. Brown
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1952)

A Quantitative Dose-Response Study of Lymphoid-Tumor Development in Irradiated C57 Black Mice Get access Henry S. Kaplan, Henry S. Kaplan Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mary B. Brown Mary B. Brown Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, San Francisco, Calif. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 13, Issue 1, August 1952, Pages 185–208, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/13.1.185 Published: 01 August 1952 Article history Received: 29 April 1952 Published: 01 August 1952
Solid lipid nanoparticle-based vectors intended for the treatment of X-linked juvenile retinoschisis by gene therapy: In vivo approaches in Rs1h-deficient mouse model
Authors: P.S. Apaolaza, A. del Pozo-Rodríguez, J. Torrecilla, A. Rodríguez-Gascón, J.M. Rodríguez, U. Friedrich, B.H.F. Weber, M.A. Solinís
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2015)