tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
MYB transcriptionally regulates the miR-155 host gene in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Karin Vargova, Nikola Curik, Pavel Burda, Petra Basova, Vojtech Kulvait, Vit Pospisil, Filipp Savvulidi, Juraj Kokavec, Emanuel Necas, Adela Berkova, Petra Obrtlikova, Josef Karban, Marek Mraz, Sarka Pospisilova, Jiri Mayer, Marek Trneny, Jiri Zavadil, Tomas Stopka
Journal: Blood (2011)
Tc-99m HMPAO/SPECT Determination of Regional Cerebral Blood Flow Changes in Schizophrenics
Authors: BELKIS ERBAS, HAKAN KUMBASAR, G??NAYDIN ERBENGI, COSKUN BEKDIK
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Hypofrontality (hypometabolism and hypoperfusion) has been demonstrated in patients with schizophrenia by the use of several imaging methods, such as positron emission tomography (PET). In this study, Tc-99m hexamethylpropylene amineoxime (HMPAO) and SPECT were used to investigate regional blood flow changes in 20 schizophrenic patients (12 males and 8 females, aged 15—50 years) experiencing acoustic hallucinations. Tc-99m HMPAO (15-20 mCi) was injected intravenously, eight regions/hemisphere were drawn on transaxial sections, and tracer redistribution was calculated for each region. Frontal/occipital ratios (0.917 ± 0.045) and frontal/wholeslice ratios (0.984 ± 0.036) were determined for each patient. The patients had significantly lower frontal/occipital ratios (P < 0.0005) and lower frontal/wholeslice ratios (P < 0.01) in comparison to a normal group (11 cases).
Paul Dudley White, 1886–1973
Authors: F. J. Ingelfinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1973)

Practically everyone knows that Dr. Paul Dudley White rode a bicycle and preached exercise. They also know that at the age of 85 he was among the first American physicians to visit the People's Republic of China and to observe — although he apparently was not needled himself — the wonders of acupuncture in its modern version. Many are also aware that Dr. White was the consultant in charge when President Eisenhower had a myocardial infarction, and that Dr. White had shaken hands with the Pope and countless other dignitaries. Doctors, of course, recognize PDW as one of the founders . . .
Abstract 2039: Dynamic changes and regulation of circulating tumor cells that govern the metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Ju-Yu Tseng, Chih-Yung Yang, Jeng-Kai Jiang, Chi-Hung Lin
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Despite the growing public awareness and recent progress in multimodality therapy to the colorectal cancer (CRC), CRC still ranks high on the list of the most common and deadly cancers in the worldwide. The cause of CRC mortality is due mainly to the occurrence of distant metastasis, upon which the circulating tumor cells (CTCs), is thought to play an active role. CTCs could serve as a prognostic marker for mortality in clinical stage IV patients; however, the prognostic value of CTCs in early-stage patients remains uncertain. Here, we used EpCAM-postive/CD45-negative immunoselection and flow-cytometry to identify and quantify CTCs in CRC patients. The number of mesenteric CTCs obtained from stage II patients was higher than those obtained for patients with stages I, III, or IV CRC. To explore the mechanisms underlying this clinical observation, we established an orthotopic (intra-cecal) tumor growth and metastasis mouse model. Cancer progression was monitored in real time with tumor cells expressing luciferase and GFP tag by using a bioluminescence imaging system and flow cytometery. We noticed that CTC dynamics was associated with a corresponding change in serum interleukin (IL)-17A and an opposing change in serum GM-CSF. Ablation of IL-17A by neutralizing antibodies and administration of GM-CSF effectively diminished the rise of CTCs and prevented metastasis in the mouse model. GM-CSF was through to help eliminating CTCs by boost host immunity, whereas IL-17A affected cancer cells intravasation by promoting cancer cell motility, matrix digestion and angiogenesis. We also noticed that IL-17 depletion could increase CD8+ to CD4+CD25+ ratio that might help CTCs clearance. In CRC patients, serum levels of IL-17A positively correlated with the number of mesenteric CTCs and the patients' disease-free survival. Our results show that CTCs and IL-17A can serve not only as prognostic markers, but also therapeutic targets for CRC metastasis. Citation Format: Ju-Yu Tseng, Chih-Yung Yang, Jeng-Kai Jiang, Chi-Hung Lin. Dynamic changes and regulation of circulating tumor cells that govern the metastasis of colorectal cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2039. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2039
Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor SCH66336 Induces Rapid Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Translation Elongation Factor 2 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Hening Ren, Shyh-Kuan Tai, Fadlo Khuri, Zuming Chu, Li Mao
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

Abstract Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTI) are a class of therapeutic agents designed to target tumors with mutations of the ras oncogene. However, the biological effect of FTIs is often independent of ras mutation status, which suggests the existence of additional mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the molecular effects of SCH66336, an FTI, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells using proteomic approaches. We showed that SCH66336 induced phosphorylation (inactivation) of eukaryotic translation elongation factor 2 (eEF2), an important molecule for protein synthesis, as early as 3 hours after SCH66336 administration. Protein synthesis was subsequently reduced in the cells. Paradoxically, activation of eEF2 kinase (eEF2K), the only known kinase that regulates eEF2, was observed only at 12 hours after SCH66336 treatment. Consistent with this observation, the inhibition of phosphorylated-MEK and phosphorylated-p70S6K, the two key signaling molecules responsible for activation of eEF2K, also occurred at least 12 hours after SCH66336 administration. Our data suggest that inhibition of protein synthesis through inactivation of eEF2 is a novel mechanism of SCH66336-mediated growth inhibition and that this effect is independent of ras-MEK/p70S6K-eEF2K signaling cascades.
The Dot Plot
Authors: Arthur F. Krieg
Journal: JAMA (1988)

We suggest that evaluations of diagnostic tests start with dot plots that depict multiple test results over multiple clinical states. From this starting point we can calculate posttest probabilities for multiple clinical states at multiple test results. Also, we can project one subset of clinical states as "disease positive" and a second subset as "disease negative" to provide standard analyses such as likelihood ratios, relative operating characteristic curves, posttest/pretest probability plots, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive value. Finally, this starting point provides an excellent basis for comparing multiple studies of diagnostic performance. The advantages of dot plots are illustrated with data on serum ferritin levels over multiple clinical states.
Ventricular arrhythmias in the late hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction. Relation to left ventricular function detected by gated cardiac blood pool scanning.
Authors: R A Schulze, J Rouleau, P Rigo, S Bowers, H W Strauss, B Pitt
Journal: Circulation (1975)

Abnormalities of left ventricular function and extent of myocardial infarction were studied in relation to prevalence of late ventricular premature contractions (VPCs) in 36 patients in the convalescent stage of acute myocardial infarction (MI). Left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) and percent akinesis (%A) were calculated from gated cardiac blood pool scans; myocardial infarct size was estimated from peak CPK values; and VPCs were detected by 24 hour ambulatory ECGs 2-4 weeks following hospitalization for acute MI. Twenty-two patients had either zero (class 0) or less than 30/hour unifocal VPCs (class I). Fourteen patients had greater than 30/hour unifocal (class II), multifocal (class III) or coupled VPCs (class IV), including ventricular tachycardia. Thirteen of 14 class II-IV patients had EF less than 40% compared with only 8 of 22 class 0-I patients. Class II-IV patients had significantly lower mean EF (30.5 +/- 2.3 SE to 49.6 +/- 4.0) P less than 0.01, higher mean %A (28.1 +/- 2.2 to 16.9 +/- 3.7) P less than 0.05, and higher mean peak CPK (1350 +/- 187 to 721 +/- 155) P less than 0.05 than class 0-I patients. These data suggest that VPCs may not be an independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in the convalescent phase of MI.
New standards set for abortion care
Authors: Z. Kmietowicz
Journal: BMJ (2000)

All women in the United Kingdom seeking an abortion are entitled to a fast and efficient service that includes a choice of procedures where possible, as well as screening for sexually transmitted diseases and contraceptive advice, state new guidelines from the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists.Although abortion services in England and Wales are generally good, there is still scope for improvement, according to an audit carried out in December last year.This shows that most women are treated as day
Tracer Studies of the Urinary Excretion of Radioactive Mercury following Oral Administration of a Mercurial Diuretic
Authors: WILLIAM J. OVERMAN, WILLIAM H. GORDON, G. E. BURCH
Journal: Circulation (1950)

This report presents experimental evidence of the inefficient intestinal absorption of mercury following the oral administration of a mercurial diuretic. Radiotracer technic was employed using a diuretic prepared with radioactive mercury. Both control subjects and subjects with congestive heart failure were shown to absorb only a small percentage of the mercury administered by the oral route.
Science as Autobiography: The Troubled Life of Niels Jerne
Authors: S. Dubiski
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Idoxuridine in the Treatment of Cutaneous Herpes Simplex
Authors: Max B. Corbett
Journal: JAMA (1966)

Idoxuridine (0.1%) in polyvinyl alcohol (1.4%) was applied to recurrent herpes simplex lesions in human beings. Comparison by double-blind placebo control techniques revealed that idoxuridine significantly shortened the healing time of herpes lesions when the medication was applied early in the course of the disease. <h3>Background of Disease</h3> Herpes simplex virus infections have been a problem to physicians from two standpoints. Herpes simplex keratitis has been a major cause of blindness in the United States for many years, particularly since gonorrheal ophthalmia became a rarity. Recurrent herpes simplex skin infections have always been frustrating for the physician. The single attack has not usually been serious. However, the large number of people afflicted often have frequent attacks. These clinical facts, as well as research literature, force admissions that all previously available therapy, when subjected to critical, controlled evaluation, has proved ineffective. (The less common types of herpes, such as primary herpetic
Effects of Atrial Defibrillation Shocks on the Ventricles in Isolated Sheep Hearts
Authors: Richard A. Gray, José Jalife
Journal: Circulation (1998)

Background —The effects of cardioversion of atrial fibrillation on the activation sequence of the ventricles have not been previously studied. In this study we examined the events in the ventricle that follow the application of atrial defibrillatory shocks. Methods and Results —We used video imaging technology to study the sequence of activation on the surface of the ventricles in the Langendorff-perfused sheep heart. We recorded transmembrane potentials simultaneously from over 20 000 sites on the epicardium before and after biphasic shocks applied by a programmable atrial defibrillator. The first epicardial activation after the shock depended on both the voltage and timing of the shock. During ventricular diastole shocks as low as 10 V produced ventricular excitation, although the time between the shock and the first epicardial activation (latency) was ≈30 ms. As the shock voltage was increased to 120 V, latency decreased to zero and the entire epicardium was depolarized within 30 ms. For 120-V shocks delivered late in systole, the depolarization sequence produced by the shock was similar to the previous repolarization sequence. Shocks of 120 V applied 150 to 300 ms after the previous ventricular excitation induced ventricular fibrillation. Ventricular fibrillation was induced by multiple focal beats after the shock, which produced waves that propagated but broke down into reentry within regions of high repolarization gradients. Conclusions —These results demonstrate that atrial defibrillation shocks excite the ventricles even at low shock voltages. In addition, ventricular fibrillation can be induced by shocks given in the vulnerable period by producing focal patterns that break down into reentrant waves.
Chemopreventive Agents
Authors: Ann R. Kennedy
Journal: Pharmacology & Therapeutics (1998)

Certain protease inhibitors, called the anticarcinogenic protease inhibitors in this review, are capable of preventing carcinogenesis in a wide variety of in vivo and in vitro model systems. The anticarcinogenic protease inhibitors are extremely potent agents with the ability to prevent cancer, with some unique characteristics as anticarcinogenic agents. The anticarcinogenic protease inhibitors have the ability to irreversibly suppress the carcinogenic process. They do not have to be continuously present to suppress carcinogenesis. They can be effective when applied in both in vivo and in vitro carcinogenesis assay systems at long time periods after carcinogen exposure, and are effective as anticarcinogenic agents at extremely low molar concentrations. While several different types of protease inhibitors can prevent the carcinogenic process, the most potent of the anticarcinogenic protease inhibitors on a molar basis are those with the ability to inhibit chymotrypsin or chymotrypsin-like proteases. The soybean-derived protease inhibitor, Bowman-Birk inhibitor (BBI), is a potent chymotrypsin inhibitor that has been extensively studied for its ability to prevent carcinogenesis in many different model systems. Much of this review is focused on the characteristics of BBI as the anticarcinogenic protease inhibitor, as this is the protease inhibitor that has risen to the human trial stage as a human cancer chemopreventive agent. Part of this review hypothesizes that the Bowman-Birk family of protease inhibitors plays a role in plants similar to that of α1-antichymotrypsin in people. Both BBI and α1-antichymotrypsin are potent inhibitors of chymotrypsin and chymotrypsin-like enzymes, are highly anti-inflammatory, and are thought to play important roles in the defense of their respective organisms. It is believed that BBI will be shown to play a major role in the prevention and/or treatment of several different diseases, in addition to cancer.
These people are like you and me
Authors: C. Duff
Journal: BMJ (1999)

The child squatted in the sunshine, a toddler perhaps no more than 18 months. He wore only underpants. He held a tin mug and concentrated on dropping stones in one by one, laughing at the noise. Not 50 yards away deep red poppies lit the field with colour. If you looked far into the distance the mountains of the border rose into the mist: a beautiful land, which should have been full of hope and promise. The child looked at me and smiled. I tried not to cry.

This child's play area was about two square metres, the distance between his family's tent and the next. This tent was one in a line of 10, beside which were 40 more lines. Neat rows on a terraced hillside. The stones and grit laid the previous month to counter the mud were harsh on the feet and featureless. His mother swept the tent and hung the blankets on a line to air.

> “Every day is spent hoping for something that never happens” 

No holiday this, but one of eight refugee camps in Macedonia. …
REVIEW OF CUSHING'S "INTRACRANIAL TUMORS"
Authors: J. F. Fulton
Journal: JAMA (1933)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Among the things that I particularly admire aboutThe Journalare the excellent critical reviews of books. Rarely are they inadequate and seldom unjustly critical, and I have almost never seen a stupid review. I cannot refrain from making some comment on the astonishing paragraph you have just published concerning Dr. Cushing's monograph on intracranial tumors (The Journal, January 28, p. 284). In drawing your attention to it, I do so fully realizing that as a student of Cushing I may be a prejudiced critic. Quite apart from the spirit of the review, I shall only protest against the errors of statement. Beginning with his fourth sentence the reviewer says that Cushing's mortality rate remained fairly constant until 1930 and that it then dropped for no adequate reason. The whole point of the book is thus missed, for had the reviewer but glanced at the tables, especially
Abstract B39: Inhibiting endothelial FAK activity blocks tumor cell extravasation
Authors: Chris Jean, Ju-Ock Nam, Xiao-Lei Chen, Sean Uryu, Isabelle Tancioni, Christine Lawson, Kristy K. Ward, Colin T. Walsh, Majid Ghassemian, Patric Turowski, Elisabetta Dejana, Sara M. Weis, David A. Cheresh, David D. Schlaepfer
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase that modulates signaling from growth factor, integrin, and cadherin receptors in both tumor and stromal cells. Pharmacological FAK inhibition prevents tumor growth and metastasis, but the target cell action associated with this remains unclear. Recent studies using an inducible endothelial cell (EC) specific FAK kinase-inactive knock-in mouse model revealed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increased cell permeability was dependent upon FAK activity. VEGF triggers conformational FAK activation, binding of FAK to the cytoplasmic tail of VE-cadherin, and FAK-dependent phosphorylation of adherens junction proteins regulating vascular integrity. Here we provide genetic and pharmacological support for the importance for FAK activity in mediating direct VE-cadherin tyrosine (Y) 658 phosphorylation in tumor-associated ECs in vivo. In cell culture, VEGF-induced transmigration of tumor cells through an EC barrier is prevented by genetic EC-specific FAK inhibition or reconstitution of Y658F VE-cadherin within null ECs. In mice, VEGF enhances circulating tumor cell extravasation within the lungs and this is prevented by inducible knockin of kinase-dead FAK within ECs. These studies provide a mechanistic foundation for the importance of FAK and VE-cadherin interactions in the regulation of adherens junction stability and support future evaluation of FAK inhibitors in the treatment of metastatic cancer. Citation Format: Chris Jean, Ju-Ock Nam, Xiao-Lei Chen, Sean Uryu, Isabelle Tancioni, Christine Lawson, Kristy K. Ward, Colin T. Walsh, Majid Ghassemian, Patric Turowski, Elisabetta Dejana, Sara M. Weis, David A. Cheresh, David D. Schlaepfer. Inhibiting endothelial FAK activity blocks tumor cell extravasation. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Tumor Invasion and Metastasis; Jan 20-23, 2013; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(3 Suppl):Abstract nr B39.
Comparative Effectiveness of Diuretic Regimens
Authors: Gregg C. Fonarow
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Acute decompensated heart failure is associated with substantial morbidity, mortality, and health care expenditures.1 Most patients present with symptoms related to fluid overload, which may be complicated by concomitant renal dysfunction.2 Treating the signs and symptoms of heart failure while preserving or improving renal function is a crucial therapeutic goal.For more than five decades, the administration of intravenous loop diuretics has been the mainstay of therapy to reduce congestion, decrease ventricular filling pressures, and improve symptoms of heart failure, with such therapy becoming an empirically accepted standard of care for this condition.1,3,4 However, there is little evidence . . .
The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics
Authors: Carol M. Proudfit
Journal: JAMA (1976)

With the assistance of two new associate editors, Alfred G. Gilman and George B. Koelle, the fifth edition retains the excellence set by previous editions of this classic text. To maintain the same overall length, several outmoded areas have been abbreviated or eliminated. There are discussions of many new drugs, as well as promising drugs whose availability in the United States is probable in the near future. The section on chemotherapy of neoplastic diseases has undergone extensive revision. The introductory section contains a very readable and informative discussion of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and an interesting account of the process of development and approval of new drugs. The section on Parkinson disease has been extensively revised, with major emphasis on levodopa. The chapter on neurohumoral transmission and the autonomic nervous system remains the best source of information in this complex and rapidly changing area. The treatment of diuretics is completely up to
Budesonide and Nasal Mucosal Histamine Content and Anti‐IgE Induced Histamine Release
Authors: Ulf Pipkorn, Per Andersson
Journal: Allergy (1982)

The possible mode of action of the recently demonstrated steroid effect on the immediate type allergic reaction has been studied. The influence of a topical steroid, budesonide, on the nasal mucosal histamine content and anti-IgE induced histamine release was studied in an open study. A 1-week treatment with budesonide, used locally in the nose, was administered to 22 hay fever patients who were studied out of the pollen season. There was a decrease of histamine content after steroid treatment and also a blockade of the anti-IgE mediated histamine release, as shown in an in vitro release procedure. This steroid effect may partly explain the effect of steroids on the immediate reaction, as it has been demonstrated in allergen challenge studies.
Stress-induced production of chemokines by hair follicles regulates the trafficking of dendritic cells in skin
Authors: Keisuke Nagao, Tetsuro Kobayashi, Kazuyo Moro, Manabu Ohyama, Takeya Adachi, Daniela Y Kitashima, Satoshi Ueha, Keisuke Horiuchi, Hideaki Tanizaki, Kenji Kabashima, Akiharu Kubo, Young-hun Cho, Björn E Clausen, Kouji Matsushima, Makoto Suematsu, Glaucia C Furtado, Sergio A Lira, Joshua M Farber, Mark C Udey, Masayuki Amagai
Journal: Nature Immunology (2012)