tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
COX-2 expression and clinical outcome in early-stage breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy: A prospective study
Authors: A. Kargi, M. Ozdogan, H. Bozcuk, E. Pestereli, M. Artac, H. S. Coskun, H. Mutlu, M. Uysal, S. Karaveli, B. Savas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e22165 Background: To evaluate the association of cox-2 expression with the outcome after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer. Methods: This was planned as a prospective study recruiting consecutive patients receiving adjuvant anthracycline based chemotherapy and with available tissue blocks permitting all immunohistochemical analyses. Cox-2 expression, in addition to other classical biological factors, was evaluated with immunohistochemistry. Disease and patient related, and biological predictors of both overall survival (OAS) and relapse free survival (RFS) were analyzed by Cox regression analysis. Median and mean survival times were calculated according to the Kaplan Meier method. Results: A total of 88 patients were recruited over a period of 24 months. Median age was 45 (29 to 70), and 60% of subjects were premenapausal. Median tumour diameter and number of axillary lymph nodes involved were 2 cm (1 to 6 cm), and 2 (0 to 15), respectively. Median follow up is 74.2 months. Univariate analysis revealed menopausal status and estrogen receptor expression as predictors of OAS, and menopausal status as the correlate of RFS. Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent predictive value of both menopausal status and estrogen receptor expression for OAS (P=0.009, HR=4.18, and P=0.014, HR=0.20, respectively). No multivariate analysis could be performed for RFS. Cox-2 expression was not associated with OAS or RFS (P=0.208, HR=1.92, and P=0.132, HR=1.89, respectively). Interestingly, Cox-2 expression was correlated with Estrogen receptor (ER) and Progesteron receptor (PR) expression (P=0.006, R=-0.303, and P=0.004, R=-0.312, respectively). Conclusions: Cox-2 expression fails to predict clinical outcome of early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. However, Cox-2 expression seems to negatively correlate with ER and PR expression. It should be tested in this patient population whether Cox-2 may play a part in hormonal resistance. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
DC-SIGN–expressing macrophages trigger activation of mannosylated IgM B-cell receptor in follicular lymphoma
Authors: Rada Amin, Frédéric Mourcin, Fabrice Uhel, Céline Pangault, Philippe Ruminy, Loic Dupré, Marion Guirriec, Tony Marchand, Thierry Fest, Thierry Lamy, Karin Tarte
Journal: Blood (2015)
Purification and Characterization of a Human Neutrophil Neutral Protease
Authors: Jonathan S. Coblyn, K. Frank Austen, Bruce U. Wintroub
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

A human neutrophil neutral protease which generates a low molecular weight peptide from a plasma protein substrate and cleaves the basic amino acid ester substrates alpha-N-p-tosyl-l-arginine methyl ester HCl, alpha-N-benzoyl-l-arginine-methyl ester HCl, and alpha-N-carbobenzoxy-l-lysine-p-nitrophenyl ester has been purified to homogeneity and distinguished from the known lysosomal neutrophil proteases. The starting activity was obtained from purified human neutrophils by homogenization, sedimentation by low-speed centrifugation, and high salt elution of the insoluble material. Purification was achieved by aprotinin-affinity chromatography, precipitation at low ionic strength, and gel filtration. The overall recovery, relative to the activity in the starting eluate of the neutrophil fraction, was congruent with50% with a 200- to 400-fold increase in specific activity. After treatment with diisopropylfluorophosphate to eliminate autodegradation, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of reduced and unreduced protein gave a single protein band of 29,000-30,000 mol wt. The isoelectric point determined in sucrose gradients ranged from pH 7.8 to 8.3 with a peak at pH 8.0. This neutrophil protease, like cathepsin G and elastase, is composed of a single polypeptide chain of congruent with30,000 mol wt, but differs from cathepsin G and elastase in its less cationic isoelectric point and its failure to cleave synthetic substrates presenting an aromatic amino acid ester linkage and alanyl peptide bonds, respectively.
Lower suicide rates associated with a Tele-Help/Tele-Check service for the elderly at home
Authors: D De Leo, G Carollo, M Dello Buono
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The authors' goal was to determine the impact on suicidal behavior of Tele-Help/Tele-Check, a telephone service designed to provide elderly people with home assistance. Tele-Help is an alarm system that the client can activate to call for help; in Tele-Check the client is contacted about twice a week for assessment of needs and for emotional support.The authors determined the number of suicides among 12,135 elderly subjects who were connected to the Tele-Help/Tele-Check service in the Veneto region of Italy from Jan. 1, 1988, to Dec. 31, 1991, and compared it with the suicide rate for the general population in the Veneto region.Only one death by suicide was found in the elderly subjects connected to Tele-Help/Tele-Check, compared with the expected number of 7.44 for the general population (standardized mortality ratio = 13.44%).Since many of the traditional risk factors for suicide were concentrated in the elderly subjects studied, the Tele-Help/Tele-Check service appears to provide support of great interest for the prevention of suicide in the elderly.
Fortnightly review: Temporomandibular disorders: a clinical update
Authors: G. Dimitroulis
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Temporomandibular disorders is a collective term used to describe a number of related disorders affecting the temporomandibular joints, masticatory muscles, and associated structures, all of which have common symptoms such as pain and limited mouth opening. General practitioners will sometimes see patients who present with either persistent or recurrent chronic facial pain. Having eliminated the possibility of headache or ear or sinus problems, the next step is to consider the possibility of temporomandibular joint pain and dysfunction, particularly if the pain is accompanied by clicking jaw joints and limited mouth opening. This article reviews the clinical features of temporomandibular disorders and details current treatments for these.



This review is based on my clinical experiences derived from the United Kingdom, the United States, and Australia, where I have developed a special interest in the management of patients with temporomandibular disorders. The published reports I have selected are from those I have collected over many years. For the Medline search, I use the following keywords: temporomandibular …
Ghrelin effects on local renin angiotensin from pulmonary vessels
Authors: Irina Luciana Dumitriu, Elena Cojocaru, Luminita Gina Vata, Marcel Costuleanu, Bogdan Gurzu, Simona Mihaela Slatineanu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background:  Published data sustain the participation of vascular renin angiotensin system (RAS) on alteration of pulmonary vessels reactivity during the allergic airway inflammation. Ghrelin is a growth hormone-releasing peptide involved in modulation of immune function.   Objective:  This study aims to investigate the interaction between ghrelin and local RAS from rat pulmonary vessels during ovalbumin – induced allergic airway disease.   Methods:  The angiotensinogen (AGT) – induced contractions were assessed on isolated pulmonary artery and veins from ovalbumin sensitized rats receiving either saline (OSR) or ghrelin (OSG) by endotracheal instillation. Experiments were performed in the absence or the presence of losartan, D-ALA7, chymostatin and N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME).   Results:  The angiotensinogen (AGT) contractile effects mediated by AT1 receptors were lower with at least 25% on vessels from OSG than from OSR. The D-ALA7 and LNAME significantly increases the AGT - induced contraction on OSG. The amount of nitric oxide released after stimulation with angiotensinogen (AGT) is higher on OSG and it is blocked by D-ALA7.   Conclusion:  Our results suggested that pulmonary delivery of ghrelin could modulate the local RAS from pulmonary vessels, probably by promoting the angiotensin 1-7 mediated effects. These data sustained the existence of another possible way for ghrelin9s beneficial effects on the lung.
The effect of COPD and FEV1 decline on health-related quality of life: A longitudinal, population-based study
Authors: Margarethe Wacker, Matthias Hunger, Stefan Karrasch, Holger Schulz, Joachim Heinrich, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Annette Peters, Rolf Holle
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

It is widely recognized that health-related quality of life (HRQL) is impaired in COPD patients but there is a lack of research on the impact of COPD on HRQL over time. We examined the effects of COPD and FEV1%pred change on HRQL in a longitudinal dataset.  In the population-based KORA F4 study (2008) and its 3 years follow-up, 1049 participants aged 41-61 years at baseline performed spirometry and reported information on HRQL (SF-12) and comorbidities. COPD definition and GOLD grades were based on prebronchodilator values. Using adjusted linear mixed models, we compared the physical and mental component summary score (PCS-12 / MCS-12) between COPD groups over time. The effect of FEV1%pred change on HRQL was quantified via multilevel growth models.  At baseline, 94 subjects (9%) were classified as having COPD, 66 of these at GOLD grade 1. In the follow-up, 133 participants had COPD, 98 at grade 1. Adjusted mean PCS-12 at baseline was 49.0 for subjects without COPD, 47.6 for GOLD 1 and 48.0 for GOLD 2 or higher (GOLD 2+). PCS-12 was nearly constant over time for subjects without COPD or with COPD GOLD 1 (-0.7%, -0.5%), but decreased by 8.4% for GOLD 2+ within 3 years. The negative effect of COPD on HRQL persisted when comorbidities were considered. No significant effects were found for MCS-12. Multilevel models showed a significant cross-sectional association of FEV1%pred levels with PCS-12 scores (β=0.072, CI: 0.04-0.10), but no significant longitudinal effects.  Our findings underline the need to prevent COPD disease progression as this is associated with substantial loss in HRQL. Longer follow-up studies are needed to investigate the direct effect of FEV1 decline on HRQL.
The Transformation of Medicine by the Magic of Music in the Romances of Shakespeare
Authors: Henry D Janowitz
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

Medicine in the late plays of Shakespeare evolves into something rich and strange. The physician, transformed into a magus enlightened through his ‘secret studies’, becomes capable of invoking supernatural forces in his cure of souls and bodies as the magic of his invocations is infused with the magic of music. The magic of this therapist has been much discussed1,2, but this paper is directed to the role of the magic of music in the romances of Shakespeare.

The contribution of music to the magus's magic is best viewed in the context of the revival of the tradition of the ancient occult philosophy which was promulgated by the Neoplatonists at the Medici Court of Florence. This was stimulated by the recovery of the texts of Plato and the Corpus Hermeticum in the translation of Marcilio Ficino (1433-1499) and his follower Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494). The addition of music to the magic of the old occult tradition was elevated by Ficino, son of a physician and himself a practising physician. Two strands were involved in the development of the magic of music in the growth of magic itself: one was the concept of the music of the spheres, the harmony of the universe; the other the concept of the power of music to influence the human mind and soul. The one part, the philosophical basis of music's power, was derived from Pythagoras' observations (born c 580 BC) based on the relation of the length of strings of instruments to the musical notes which they produced when vibrating. From this he had evolved the idea that the explanation of the universe is to be sought not in matter but in musical numbers and their relationships. The other part of the concept, of music as therapy, followed in part from Ficino's writings influenced by Plotinus, the third century Neoplatonist. Ficino had accepted the Stoic notion which postulated a cosmic affect (spiritus mundi) permeating the entire universe and furnishing a pathway between the heavens and the world. At the same time the spirit was an instrument of the incorporeal soul. Sound affected the spirit more than sight because it transmitted movement and itself was moving, whereas sight merely reproduced the static surface of things. In this way, Agrippa in De Occulta Philosophia (1533) united the two strands: ‘Thus no songs, sounds and instrumental music are stronger in moving the emotions of man and in inducing magical impression than those composed in number, measure, and proportion as likenesses of the heavens’3. Music is effective in so far as it mirrors the harmony of the music of the spheres.
How Life Began: A Speculative Study in Modern Biology
Authors: David Forsyth
Journal: JAMA (1941)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
2010 Focused Update of ESC Guidelines on device therapy in heart failure
Authors: Kenneth Dickstein, Panos E. Vardas, Angelo Auricchio, Jean‐Claude Daubert, Cecilia Linde, John McMurray, Piotr Ponikowski, Silvia Giuliana Priori, Richard Sutton, Dirk J. van Veldhuisen, Alec Vahanian, Angelo Auricchio, Jeroen Bax, Claudio Ceconi, Veronica Dean, Gerasimos Filippatos, Christian Funck‐Brentano, Richard Hobbs, Peter Kearney, Theresa McDonagh, Bogdan A. Popescu, Zeljko Reiner, Udo Sechtem, Per Anton Sirnes, Michal Tendera, Panos Vardas, Petr Widimsky, Michal Tendera, Stefan D. Anker, Jean‐Jacques Blanc, Maurizio Gasparini, Arno W. Hoes, Carsten W. Israel, Zbigniew Kalarus, Bela Merkely, Karl Swedberg, A. John Camm
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2010)
Mineralocorticoid receptor suppresses cancer progression and the Warburg effect by modulating the miR‐338‐3p‐PKLR axis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Huizhen Nie, Jun Li, Xiao‐Mei Yang, Qing‐Zhen Cao, Ming‐Xuan Feng, Feng Xue, Lin Wei, Wenxin Qin, Jianren Gu, Qiang Xia, Zhi‐Gang Zhang
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Hormones and their corresponding receptors are vital in controlling metabolism under normal physiologic and pathologic conditions, but less is known about their roles in the metabolism of cancer. Using a small interfering RNA screening approach, we examined the effects of silencing 20 well‐known hormone receptors on the Warburg effect, specifically by measuring the production of lactate in four established hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. We found that silencing a variety of hormone receptors had effects on the production of this metabolite. Unexpectedly silencing of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) significantly increased lactate production in all these HCC cell lines. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies showed that gain‐ and loss‐of‐function of MR significantly influenced HCC cellular proliferation, cell cycle distribution, and apoptosis. Furthermore, mechanistic studies revealed that MR as a transcriptional factor directly regulated the expression of miR‐338‐3p, suppressing the Warburg effects of HCC cells by targeting a key enzyme of glycolysis: pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells. Moreover, MR expression was significantly down‐regulated in 81% of HCC patient tissues, caused by both chromosome deletion and histone deacetylation. Low expression of MR in tumor tissues was associated with poor patient prognosis. The expression level of miR‐338‐3p was found to positively correlate with the expression of MR in HCC tissues and to inversely correlate with expression of the enzyme pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells. Conclusion : MR affects HCC development by modulating the miR‐338‐3p/pyruvate kinase, liver and red blood cells axis with an ability to suppress the Warburg effect. (H epatology 2015;62:1145‐1159)
Serum Human Glandular Kallikrein-2 Protease Levels Predict the Presence of Prostate Cancer Among Men With Elevated Prostate-Specific Antigen
Authors: Robert K. Nam, Eleftherios P. Diamandis, Ants Toi, John Trachtenberg, Angeliki Magklara, Andreas Scorilas, Panayotis A. Papnastasiou, Michael A. S. Jewett, Steven A. Narod
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: We hypothesize that serum human glandular kallikrein-2 (hK2) levels predict the presence of prostate cancer among men prescreened by prostate-specific antigen (PSA). PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 324 men who had no history of prostate cancer and who were referred for prostate biopsy. PSA and hK2 levels were measured using specific nonisotopic immunometric techniques. Cases were patients who were diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the prostate from biopsy, and controls were patients who had no evidence of cancer from biopsy. The odds ratio for detection of prostate cancer was determined for hK2 measurements, controlling for age, total-PSA level, digital rectal examination, and symptoms of urinary obstruction. RESULTS: Of 324 men, 159 (49.1%) had cancer. Mean hK2 levels and hK2:free-PSA ratios were significantly higher in cases than in controls (1.18 v 0.53 ng/mL, respectively, for hK2, P = .0001; 1.17 v 0.62 for hK2:free-PSA ratio, P = .0001). The crude odds ratio for prostate cancer detection for patients in the highest quartile of hK2 level was 5.83 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.8 to 12.1; P = .0001) compared with patients in the lowest quartile. The adjusted odds ratio was 6.72 (95% CI, 2.9 to 15.6; P = .0001). Similarly, the crude and adjusted odds ratios for prostate cancer detection using the hK2:free-PSA ratio were 7.36 (95% CI, 3.6 to 15.1; P = .0001) and 8.06 (95% CI, 3.7 to 17.4; P = .0001), respectively. These odds ratios were higher than that observed for prostate cancer detection by total-PSA level (2.73; P = .03). CONCLUSION: Among men prescreened with PSA for prostate cancer, patients with high hK2 measurements have a five- to eight-fold increase in risk for prostate cancer, adjusting for PSA level and other established risk factors. hK2 measurements may be a useful adjunct to PSA in improving patient selection for prostate biopsy.
Abstract 6178: Trial of Routine ANgioplasty and Stenting After Fibrinolysis to Enhance Reperfusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction (TRANSFER-AMI) - Six Month Outcomes
Authors: Warren J Cantor, David Fitchett, Bjug Borgundvaag, Michael Heffernan, Eric A Cohen, Laurie J Morrison, John Ducas, Anatoly Langer, Shamir Mehta, Charles Lazzam, Brian Schwartz, Vladimir Dzavik, Amparo Casanova, Paramjit Singh, Shaun G Goodman
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Patients who present with ST-elevation myocardial infarction to hospitals without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) often cannot undergo primary PCI in a timely manner and therefore receive fibrinolysis. The role and optimal timing of routine PCI after fibrinolysis, using contemporary stents and pharmacotherapy, has not been studied in a large adequately powered randomized trial. To compare a pharmacoinvasive strategy of transfer for routine PCI within 6 hrs after fibrinolysis with standard treatment after fibrinolysis (including predefined criteria for rescue PCI). Pts presenting to non-PCI centres with STEMI within 12 hrs of symptom onset and with high-risk features were randomized to a pharmacoinvasive strategy (transfer for PCI within 6 hrs of fibrinolysis) or to standard treatment after fibrinolysis (which included rescue PCI as required for ongoing chest pain and &lt; 50% resolution of ST-elevation at 60 –90 minutes). For standard treatment pts who did not require rescue PCI, cardiac catheterization was encouraged beyond 24 hrs. All pts received ASA and antithrombin therapy (unfractionated heparin or enoxaparin for age &lt;75 yrs); use of upfront clopidogrel was strongly encouraged; all other therapies were left to the discretion of the treating physician. The primary endpoint was the 30-day composite of death, reinfarction, recurrent ischemia, heart failure or shock. All patients were contacted at 6-months and 1-year for death and reinfarction, and all events were independently adjudicated. 1,059 pts were enrolled as of December 31, 2007. The preliminary 30-day results were recently presented, showing a 45% reduction in the primary endpoint with the pharmacoinvasive strategy (10.6% vs. 16.6%, p=0.01), with no difference in major bleeding complications. This study is the largest randomized trial to date comparing a pharmacoinvasive strategy with standard care after fibrinolysis. The 6-month outcomes will demonstrate whether the significantly lower rates of ischemic complications seen with the pharmacoinvasive strategy at 30-days are sustained and translate into lower rates of death or reinfarction at 6 months.
Government plans inquiry that could mean end of NHS free at point of use
Authors: Ingrid Torjesen
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The Department of Health for England is considering an inquiry to look at how the NHS should be funded to ensure its future sustainability, which some doctors fear could put in jeopardy a founding principle of the NHS: that it is free at the point of use.

The inquiry was suggested during a House of Lords debate on the “sustainability of the National Health Service as a public service free at the point of need,” which took place on 9 July. 

At the end of the debate the parliamentary undersecretary of state for NHS productivity, David Prior, said that he was interested in meeting Narendra Patel, who moved the Lords debate, and “two or three others” to discuss how an independent inquiry looking into the long term sustainability of the health service might be framed. He did not think that the inquiry would need to …
Acute Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis without Proteinuria
Authors: D H L Hart, C Scheinkestel, J A Whitworth, P Kincaid-Smith
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Two cases of histologically proven acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis presenting as congestive cardiac failure with normal blood pressure are reported. Proteinuria was not a finding. These features are discussed.