tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Eosinophil major basic protein activates human cord blood mast cells primed with fibroblast membranes by integrin‐β1
Authors: M. Ben‐Zimra, I. Bachelet, M. Seaf, G. J. Gleich, F. Levi‐Schaffer
Journal: Allergy (2013)

Mast cell (MC) - eosinophil (Eos) activating cross-talk might be critical for the severity and chronicity of allergy. Among soluble mediators, eosinophil major basic protein (MBP), a hallmark of allergy, is particularly important because it was shown to activate specific MC subtypes. We previously demonstrated that MBP activates IgE-desensitized rat MC and human lung and cord blood-derived MC (CBMC) after priming with fibroblast membranal stem cell factor. However, a distinct mechanism for this activation was missing. Therefore, we aimed to investigate it.Major basic protein-1 activation of CBMC primed with fibroblast-derived membranes (FBM) was measured by β-hexosaminidase and tryptase release. Chemical cross-linking followed by micrometric flow cytometry probed direct interactions. Antibodies neutralized integrin-β1 and recognized its active form. Pertussis toxin (Ptx) was used to decrease integrin-β1 active form expression. Hematopoietic cell kinase (Hck) was identified by immunoprecipitation (IP) and silenced by siRNA.Major basic protein-1-induced CBMC activation is mediated partly by MBP1-integrin-β1 interaction on the MC surface. FBM prime CBMC via a G protein, as confirmed by Ptx, to shift integrin-β1 to its active form. Following MBP1 binding, integrin-β1 binds Hck that further transduces the activation signal. MC priming with FBM leads to up-regulation in Hck protein level. MC integrin-β1 neutralization inhibits MBP1-induced activation and uptake. Hck silencing results with reduced MBP1-induced activation.Fibroblast-derived membranes, integrin-β1, and Hck are involved in MBP1-induced activation of CBMC and therefore represent a distinct mechanism for this activation. This finding might implicate integrin-β1 and Hck as targets for decreasing MC - Eos activating cross-talk in allergy.
Prostaglandin synthesis in human skin inflammation after UV-C irradiation, and the effects of indomethacin
Authors: A.P. Warin, R.D. Camp, M.W. Greaves, C.N. Hensby, N.A. Plummer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1977)

Journal Article Prostaglandin synthesis in human skin inflammation after UV‐C irradiation, and the effects of indomethacin Get access A.P. Warin, A.P. Warin Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.D. Camp, R.D. Camp Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.W. Greaves, M.W. Greaves Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.N. Hensby, C.N. Hensby Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N.A. Plummer N.A. Plummer Institute of Dermatology, London Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 97, Issue s15, 1 December 1977, Pages 11–12, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1977.tb14291.x Published: 01 December 1977
Overexpression of uncoupling protein 3 in skeletal muscle protects against fat-induced insulin resistance
Authors: Cheol Soo Choi, Jonathan J. Fillmore, Jason K. Kim, Zhen-Xiang Liu, Sheene Kim, Emily F. Collier, Ameya Kulkarni, Alberto Distefano, Yu-Jin Hwang, Mario Kahn, Yan Chen, Chunli Yu, Irene K. Moore, Richard M. Reznick, Takamasa Higashimori, Gerald I. Shulman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2007)

Insulin resistance is a major factor in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and is strongly associated with obesity. Increased concentrations of intracellular fatty acid metabolites have been postulated to interfere with insulin signaling by activation of a serine kinase cascade involving PKCtheta in skeletal muscle. Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) has been postulated to dissipate the mitochondrial proton gradient and cause metabolic inefficiency. We therefore hypothesized that overexpression of UCP3 in skeletal muscle might protect against fat-induced insulin resistance in muscle by conversion of intramyocellular fat into thermal energy. Wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet were markedly insulin resistant, a result of defects in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in skeletal muscle and hepatic insulin resistance. Insulin resistance in these tissues was associated with reduced insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate 1- (IRS-1-) and IRS-2-associated PI3K activity in muscle and liver, respectively. In contrast, UCP3-overexpressing mice were completely protected against fat-induced defects in insulin signaling and action in these tissues. Furthermore, these changes were associated with a lower membrane-to-cytosolic ratio of diacylglycerol and reduced PKCtheta activity in whole-body fat-matched UCP3 transgenic mice. These results suggest that increasing mitochondrial uncoupling in skeletal muscle may be an excellent therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
PSYCHIATRIC DISORDER IN WEST AFRICA
Authors: A. H. LEIGHTON, T. A. LAMBO, C. C. HUGHES, D. C. LEIGHTON, J. M. MURPHY, D. B. MACKLIN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1963)

We would like to suggest that these findings have bearing on work in community development of all kinds, and especially for work in those areas of the world where profound changes are taking place with thundering rapidity. It seems that it is possible to have change without deterioration of mental health provided disintegration of the social system is avoided. Once the sociocultural system becomes fragmented, people lose their bearings, symptoms of anxiety, depression, apathy and non-rational hostility set in, the deleterious effects of disintegration are compounded and downward spirals are set in motion in which social pathology and psychopathology reinforce each other. It further seems that men and women are affected differently, both with respect to frequency and with respect to symptom types. Table 3 suggests that where disintegration is present, culture change may have a positive effect on mental health. There is hope that attention to the functional requirements of both the social system and personality may put in our hands the power to reverse such spirals, or prevent their occurrence.
THE OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE CONTENT OF ARTERIAL AND OF VENOUS BLOOD IN NORMAL INDIVIDUALS AND IN PATIENTS WITH ANEMIA AND HEART DISEASE
Authors: George A. Harrop
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1919)

1. The oxygen content of venous and of arterial blood from fifteen essentially normal individuals at rest in bed has been determined. 2. The percentage saturation of the arterial blood has varied between 100 and 94.3. The average is 95.5 per cent. 3. The oxygen consumption has varied between 2.6 and 8.3 volumes per cent. 4. The oxygen content and the percentage saturation of arterial blood taken at close intervals from three different peripheral arteries of a normal individual have shown values agreeing within the limits of error. Analyses of the blood gases of a normal individual, at rest and after exercise, have shown a lowering of the percentage oxygen saturation of the arterial blood and a diminished carbon dioxide content after exercise. 5. In three persons with severe anemia the saturation of the arterial blood has not differed from the normal. Very low absolute values were found for the oxygen content of the venous blood, but the normal oxygen consumption has been maintained. 6. The carbon dioxide content of the arterial blood from ten normal individuals has varied between 54.7 and 44.6 volumes per cent. That of the venous blood has varied between 60.4 and 48.3 volumes per cent. 7. No deviations from the normal values for oxygen and carbon dioxide were found in venous and arterial blood from cardiac patients without arrhytiunias, well compensated, and at rest in bed. 8. A series of determinations has been made upon nine cardiac patients with varying degrees of decompensation. The percentage oxygen saturation of the arterial blood on admission was abnormally low in seven of these cases. With the return to compensation and with the clearing up of pulmonary symptoms, the percentage saturation of the arterial blood returned to normal in four of them. 9. In a case of long standing mitral endocarditis with auricular fibrillation it remained low over a period of I month of observation. 10. In a case of chronic myocarditis secondary to emphysema and chronic bronchitis, it remained low over the period of observation. 11. Normal values for the percentage saturation of the arterial blood were found in two individuals with decompensated aortic disease but without physical signs of extensive pulmonary involvement. 12. The oxygen consumption tended to be high in individuals with cardiac disease during the periods of marked decompensation and to be lower as compensation was regained. 13. The data presented indicate that at least in many circulatory diseases during decompensation, particularly when there are physical signs of pulmonary congestion, there is a disturbance of the pulmonary exchange, as indicated by the lowering of the percentage saturation of the arterial blood with oxygen.
Expression and inducibility of the human bilirubin UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT1A1 in liver and cultured primary hepatocytes: Evidence for both genetic and environmental influences
Authors: Joseph K. Ritter, Fay K. Kessler, Melissa T. Thompson, Andrew D. Grove, Diana J. Auyeung, Robert A. Fisher
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

In Crigler-Najjar type II patients and, recently, in Crigler-Najjar type I patients treated with human hepatocyte cell therapy, phenobarbital has been used for reducing the serum bilirubin load. Its effect is attributed to induction of the enzyme required for hepatic bilirubin elimination, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, UGT1A1. This study investigated the expression and inducibility of UGT1A1 in human donor livers and their corresponding primary hepatocyte cultures. Immunoblot analysis using a specific antibody directed against the amino terminal of the human UGT1A1 isoform showed that 5 hepatocyte donors exhibited a &gt;50-fold difference in UGT1A1 level. UGT1A1 protein level correlated strongly with both liver microsomal bilirubin UGT activity and liver UGT1A1 mRNA level ( r 2 = .82 and .72, respectively). Of the 4 patients with the lowest UGT1A1 levels, 3 were homozygotes for the UGT1A1 promoter variant sequence associated with Gilbert's syndrome, and the fourth was a heterozygote. The 3 donors with the highest levels had a history of phenytoin exposure. Hepatocytes isolated from the phenytoin-exposed donors exhibited marked declines in UGT1A1 mRNA levels during culturing. Induction studies using hepatocytes treated for 48 hours with phenobarbital (2 mmol/L), oltipraz (50 μmol/L), or 3-methylcholanthrene (2.5 μmol/L) revealed UGT1A1-inducing effects of phenobarbital, oltipraz, and, in particular, 3-methylcholanthrene. Our data suggest that both genetic and environmental factors play an important role in the marked interindividual variability in UGT1A1 expression. An understanding of these mechanisms could lead to advances in the pharmacological therapy of life-threatening unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
TCT-164 Is Amplatzer Duct Occluder II Ideal for Closure of Congenital Gerbode’s Defect?
Authors: Huliyur Durga Srinivasa Setty N Setty, Vijayalakshmi Ib, Ravindranath K Shankarappa, Chitra N Narasimhan, Manjunath C. Nanjappa
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)
Accuracy of Smartphone Applications and Wearable Devices for Tracking Physical Activity Data
Authors: Meredith A. Case, Holland A. Burwick, Kevin G. Volpp, Mitesh S. Patel
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Underlying differences in device accuracy may be compounded in these measures.Our study is limited by being conducted with young, healthy volunteers in a controlled setting with a convenience sample of a small number of applications and devices.Results should be confirmed in other settings and with other devices.Increased physical activity facilitated by these devices could lead to clinical benefits not realized by low adoption of pedometers.Our findings may help reinforce individuals' trust in using smartphone applications and wearable devices to track health behaviors, which could have important implications for strategies to improve population health.
Evaluation of the siRNA PF-04523655 versus Ranibizumab for the Treatment of Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration (MONET Study)
Authors: Quan Dong Nguyen, Ronald A. Schachar, Chudy I. Nduaka, Marvin Sperling, Karen J. Klamerus, Katherine Chi-Burris, Eric Yan, Dario A. Paggiarino, Irit Rosenblatt, Roger Aitchison, Shai S. Erlich
Journal: Ophthalmology (2012)
Penicillin Reactions Among Patients in Venereal Disease Clinics
Authors: Andrew H. Rudolph
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To determine the nature, incidence, and trend of penicillin reactions among patients in veneral disease clinics, four cooperative surveys were conducted at five-year intervals. In the 1969 survey, 6.6% of 36,048 patients questioned claimed sensitivity to penicillin. Of 27,673 patients treated with penicillin, 0.66% experienced a penicillin reaction, the most frequent allergic reaction being urticaria. The incidence of anaphylaxis was 0.04%. During the four survey periods, one death occurred in 94,655 patients treated with penicillin. Since 1959, the incidence of penicillin reactions among venereal disease clinic patients has decreased.
Bone and Joint tuberculosis in Greater Manchester 1969-79.
Authors: P Newton, J Sharp, K L Barnes
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1982)

The records of 74 patients diagnosed as suffering from tuberculous (TB) bone or joint disease between 1969 and 1979 were analysed retrospectively. Most were resident in the Greater Manchester County. Thirty-eight patients were first-generation immigrants, and teenage males were particularly prominent in this group. In the indigenous patients the diagnosis was often delayed several months or years, and in a number of subjects there was a history of previous bone and joint tuberculosis. There was a wide range of affected sites, especially in the immigrant group, and evidence of nonarticular TB was found in only a minority of patients. Diagnosis is most satisfactorily based on open biopsy and submission of pathological material to culture and histology. British subjects were more likely to have to undergo remedial surgery for the disease, especially when weight bearing joints were involved. Antituberculous chemotherapy should be given for at least 1 year to prevent recurrence of the disease.
Penicillin Reaction and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Michael Bernreiter
Journal: JAMA (1966)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> Anaphylactic reactions may produce almost all types of cardiac arrhythmias, including heart block, bundle branch block,<sup>1</sup>and even patterns of acute myocardial infarction.<sup>2</sup>These changes seem to be particularly severe in older people with coronary disease. The following case is reported to demonstrate the catastrophic effect a reaction may have on a patient with severe coronary disease. <h3>Report of a Case:—</h3> This 61-year-old man entered the hospital with a chief complaint of frequency and difficulty of urination and burning. An electrocardiogram taken on the day of admission (Fig 1) was considered to be essentially within normal limits. There was no history of heart disease, chest pain, or shortness of breath. Also there was no history of allergy. The following day he received an intramuscular injection of 250,000 units of penicillin. Within five minutes after this therapy he collapsed, the blood pressure and pulse could not
XIX. Medical Education: The Decade of Massive Change
Authors: Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1984)

For 2,500 years medicine has had three mutually dependent aspects. First (and foremost) is practice. This, simply stated, means making sick people well and keeping well people from getting sick. It also included what the older physicians called hygiene and we call public health and preventive medicine. Second, we have science. I do not want to go into the meaning of this word but will refer only to the branches important for medicine—anatomy, physiology, pathology, chemistry, and the like. Third, we have education, the transmission of knowledge and skills to the young who will in turn become physicians. These three components act one on the other. Improvement in science brings about changes in practice, which in turn lead to needed readjustments in education. Better education can then result in better science and better practice. Better practice, along with its other advantages, opens more opportunities for improved science. The circular interactions
THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PERCUTANEOUS LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE CLOSURE FOR STROKE PREVENTION IN ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS: THE EXPERIENCE OF A LARGE VOLUME SINGLE CENTER IN THE PROTECT AF STUDY
Authors: Saibal Kar, Mamta H. Buch, Asma Hussaini, Brett M. Wertman, Raj R. Makkar, Simmy Shirazi, Swaminathan Gurudevan, Takahiro Shiota, Kirsten Tolstrup, Robert Siegel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
TWO FATAL CASES, ONE OF APOPLEXY, AND THE OTHER OF EPILEPSY, OCCURRING IN THE SAME FAMILY: WITH REMARKS
Authors: R. Dunn
Journal: BMJ (1855)

OREOG1AL COCUNICATIONS.N 15, beath this, peraps to the extent of an inch d:ep.This vriety of pustule, when situated on the forehea, is very fb aidable; the ulceration to which it gives rise commonly * The Modem Treatment of SypLittc DAseases.Third edition, p. 266.pus; and in such cas the iodide acts will in lre do, it must not be given in small dose..You may giveit in five or ten grain or scruple doses.I have se forty or fifty
Association of IL-4 alpha Chain Receptor (IL-4Ra) Polymorphisms and HLA-DR2/DR5 Restriction in Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis
Authors: A.P. Knutsen, B. Kariuki, P.S. Hutcheson, J. Consolino, R.G. Slavin
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2006)
Obesity and Primary Graft Dysfunction after Lung Transplantation
Authors: David J. Lederer, Steven M. Kawut, Nancy Wickersham, Christopher Winterbottom, Sangeeta Bhorade, Scott M. Palmer, James Lee, Joshua M. Diamond, Keith M. Wille, Ann Weinacker, Vibha N. Lama, Maria Crespo, Jonathan B. Orens, Joshua R. Sonett, Selim M. Arcasoy, Lorraine B. Ware, Jason D. Christie
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2011)

Obesity has been linked to acute lung injury and is a risk factor for early mortality after lung transplantation.To examine the associations of obesity and plasma adipokines with the risk of primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation.We performed a prospective cohort study of 512 adult lung transplant recipients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or interstitial lung disease enrolled in the Lung Transplant Outcomes Group Study. In a nested case-control study, we measured plasma leptin, adiponectin, and resistin before lung transplantation and 6 and 24 hours after lung transplantation in 40 cases of primary graft dysfunction and 80 control subjects. Generalized linear mixed models and logistic regression were used to estimate risk ratios and odds ratios.Grade 3 primary graft dysfunction developed within 72 hours of transplantation in 29% participants. Obesity was associated with a twofold increased risk of primary graft dysfunction (adjusted risk ratio 2.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.7-2.6). The risk of primary graft dysfunction increased by 40% (confidence interval, 30–50%) for each 5 kg/m(2) increase in body mass index after accounting for center, diagnosis, cardiopulmonary bypass, and transplant procedure. Higher plasma leptin levels were associated with a greater risk of primary graft dysfunction (sex-adjusted P = 0.02). The associations of both obesity and leptin with primary graft dysfunction tended to be stronger among those who did not undergo cardiopulmonary bypass.Obesity is an independent risk factor for primary graft dysfunction after lung transplantation.
Looking in the miR-ror: TGF-β–mediated activation of NF-κB in glioma
Authors: Christine E. Eyler, Jeremy N. Rich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2012)

The explosive growth in our understanding of the molecular underpinnings of glioblastomas has served as an instructive paradigm for other cancers. However, the exact nature by which many of the pathogenic drivers connect is less well known, and elucidation of relationships between critical genetic and signaling alterations may inform the development of therapeutic approaches to the disease. In this issue, Song et al. identify miR-182 induction as a mechanism by which TGF-β stimulation aberrantly activates NF-κB signaling in glioblastoma cells, clarifying a critical point of cross-talk between molecular signaling pathways. Their findings provide a greater understanding of the complex interplay between signaling pathways in cancer that may ultimately prove useful in the development of synergistic targeting approaches.
Differentiating Convulsive Syncope and Epilepsy
Authors: J.B.P. Stephenson
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1992)

Letters1 May 1992Differentiating Convulsive Syncope and EpilepsyJ.B.P. Stephenson, MA, DMJ.B.P. Stephenson, MA, DMAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-116-9-777 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the Editors: "With the specialization of medicine, neurologists tend to see patients with 'fits' and cardiologists those with 'faints' " (1). It is therefore a pleasure to see a publication on seizures with a cardiologist as first author (2). As a student of anoxic seizures, I venture some questions and criticisms of this useful paper.What was the setting for each seizure and were there likely stimuli for any of them? Was there never an aura? If not, the spontaneous episodes differed from those induced by tilt, in which all had a "brief . . . prodromal phase." Describing...References1. Stephenson J. Fits and Faints. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1990. Google Scholar2. GrubbGerardRoushTemesy-ArmosElliottHahn BGKPLH. Differentiation of convulsive syncope and epilepsy with head-upright tilt testing. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:871-6. LinkGoogle Scholar3. GrossiBuonomoMirizziSantostasiSimone DCFRF. Electroencephalographic and electrocardiographic features of vasovagal syncope induced by head-up tilt. Funct Neurol 1990;5:257-60. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. BattagliaGuerriniGastaut ARH. Epileptic seizures induced by syncopal attacks. J Epilepsy 1989;2:137-46. CrossrefGoogle Scholar1. GrubbGerardRoushTemesy-ArmosElliottHahn BGKPLH. Differentiation of convulsive syncope and epilepsy with head-upright tilt testing. Ann Intern Med. 1991;115:871-6. LinkGoogle Scholar2. Stephenson J. Reflex anoxic seizures (white breath holding) non-epileptic vagal attacks. Arch Dis Child. 1978;53:193-200. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. GrossiBuonomoMirizziSantostasSimone DCFRF. Electroencephalographic and electrocardiographic features of vasovagal syncope induced by head-up tilt. Funct Neurol. 1990;5:257-60. MedlineGoogle Scholar4. JaegerSchneiderMaloneyCruseFouad-Tarazi FLJRF. Vasovagal syncope: diagnostic role of head-up tilt test in patients with positive ocular compression test. PACE. 1990;13:1416-23. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Royal Hospital for Sick Children Glasgow G3 8SJ Scotland PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byOrthostatic Convulsive Syncope in a Burn Patient 1 May 1992Volume 116, Issue 9Page: 777-778KeywordsEpilepsyEpileptic seizuresSyncope Issue Published: 1 May 1992 PDF downloadLoading ...