tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
THE TRANSMISSION OF THE VIRUS OF LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS BY TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS
Authors: J. T. Syverton, O. R. McCoy, J. Koomen
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1947)

In experiments in which guinea pigs were infected concurrently with the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis and the parasitic nematode, Trichinella spiralis, proof was obtained that trichinella larvae, after maturation in the muscles, had acquired the virus and were capable of transmitting it to new susceptible hosts. Transmission resulted both when living larvae were fed to normal guinea pigs and when triturated dead larvae were injected subcutaneously. Control experiments and other tests made plain that transmission of the virus was not due to mere adherence of it to the outer surface of the larvae but that these actually harbored it. The significance of these experiments in relation to natural transmission of the virus of lymphocytic choriomeningitis remains to be determined.
Effect of the Direct Nitric Oxide Donors Linsidomine and Molsidomine on Angiographic Restenosis After Coronary Balloon Angioplasty
Authors: Jean-Marc Lablanche, Gilles Grollier, Jean-Rene´ Lusson, Jean-Pierre Bassand, Ge´rard Drobinski, Bernard Bertrand, Salvatore Battaglia, Bernard Desveaux, Yves Juillie`re, Jean-Michel Juliard, Jean-Philippe Metzger, Pierre Coste, Jean-Claude Quiret, Jean-Luc Dubois-Rande´, Pierre Dominique Crochet, Brice Letac, Jacques Boschat, Patrice Virot, Ge´rard Finet, Herve´ Le Breton, Bernard Livarek, Florence Leclercq, Thierry Be´ard, Thierry Giraud, Euge`ne P. McFadden, Michel E. Bertrand
Journal: Circulation (1997)

Background Nitric oxide (NO) donors, in addition to their vasodilator effect, decrease platelet aggregation and inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. These actions could have beneficial effects on restenosis after coronary balloon angioplasty. Methods and Results In a prospective multicenter, randomized trial, 700 stable coronary patients scheduled for angioplasty received direct NO donors (infusion of linsidomine followed by oral molsidomine) or oral diltiazem. Treatment was started before angioplasty and continued until 12 to 24 hours before follow-up angiography at 6 months. The primary study end point was minimal lumen diameter, assessed by quantitative coronary angiography, 6 months after balloon angioplasty. Clinical variables were well matched in both groups. However, despite intracoronary administration of isosorbide dinitrate, the reference diameter in the NO donor group was significantly greater than in the diltiazem group on the preangioplasty, postangioplasty, and follow-up angiograms. Pretreatment with an NO donor was associated with a modest improvement in the immediate angiographic result compared with pretreatment with diltiazem (minimum luminal diameter, 1.94 versus 1.81 mm; P =.001); this improvement was maintained at the 6-month angiographic follow-up (minimal lumen diameter, 1.54 versus 1.38 mm; P =.007). The extent of late luminal narrowing did not differ significantly between groups (loss index in the NO donor and diltiazam groups, 0.35±0.78 and 0.46±0.74, respectively; P =.103). Restenosis, defined as a binary variable (≥50% stenosis), occurred less often in the NO donor group (38.0% versus 46.5%; P =.026). Combined major clinical events (death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and coronary revascularization) were similar in the two groups (32.2% versus 32.4%). Conclusions Treatment with linsidomine and molsidomine was associated with a modest improvement in the long-term angiographic result after angioplasty but had no effect on clinical outcome. The improved angiographic result related predominantly to a better immediate procedural result, because late luminal loss did not differ significantly between groups.
THROMBOSIS, EMBOLISM, AND THEIR TREATMENT
Authors: G. Bankoff
Journal: BMJ (1934)

.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~mDCLJUtAincidences.There being no other theory that will account for all the phenomena of rheumatism and its treatment, I submit that the anaphylactic explanation must be accepted as the only alternative to a position that is no more than a contradictory muddle of mysteries.A dictum of Kolmer is a fitting conclusion: " Under proper conditions it is reasonable to suppose that an- aphylactic shock or shocks may occur during the course of a given disease, and that the effects of these may con- tribute to the lesions and symptomatology in no small degree.
Peritoneal Lavage and Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Edwin A. Deitch
Journal: JAMA (1983)

In general, patients who have sustained abdominal trauma can be separated into one of three groups: those with obvious life-threatening injuries, those with obvious nonimmediate life-threatening injuries, and those with equivocal or normal physical examination results in whom intra-abdominal injury is possible. In the first two groups, operative intervention is mandatory. The decision as to which patients in the last group require operation has plagued the surgeon for years. These patients may have severe intra-abdominal injuries and normal abdominal examination results, especially if the sensorium is depressed. In contrast, a patient with severe abdominal pain and tenderness may not have an intra-abdominal injury. Because of these difficulties, Root et al,<sup>1</sup>in 1965, used peritoneal lavage to diagnose intra-abdominal injuries in patients sustaining blunt trauma. Since then, many studies have been performed evaluating this screening test in patients with both blunt and penetrating trauma. Almost universally, these studies have shown
More on <i>JAMA</i> 's policy on industry sponsored studies
Authors: Kenneth J Rothman, Stephen Evans
Journal: BMJ (2006)

EDITOR—Fontanarosa and DeAngelis refer to “numerous errors and misconceptions” in our editorial,1 but they mention only two, one of which was attributable to editing by the BMJ .2 3 The other was our presumption that under JAMA 's new policy, authors from industry must hire an academic statistician before submitting a paper. Fontanarosa and DeAngelis claim that the JAMA policy actually allows submissions from industry without an academic statistician. JAMA , however, will simply refuse to accept them until the authors …
Extreme Risk — The New Corporate Proposition for Physicians
Authors: Steffie Woolhandler, David U. Himmelstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

Our own contracts with one health maintenance organization (HMO) state: “Physician shall agree not to take any action or make any communication which undermines or could undermine the confidence of enrollees, potential enrollees, their employers, their unions, or the public in U.S. Healthcare or the quality of U.S. Healthcare coverage,” and “Physician shall keep the Proprietary Information [payment rates, utilization-review procedures, etc.] and this Agreement strictly confidential.”This 2.4 million-member plan spends only 74.4 percent of its revenues on medical care; $1 million a day goes to profits, adding to its $1.2-billion cash reserve.1 Its chief executive officer pocketed $20 . . .
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: S. Spies, K. Schipper, F. Nollet, T. A. Abma
Journal: BMJ (2010)

I was diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy at the age of 3. My parents were always honest about my disease, but I didn’t really care much about it. As the progression was slow, I gradually began to understand its impact, including the physical restrictions. I’m now severely disabled and have lived much longer than the doctors expected. The loss of opportunities open to me, combined with the fact that I’m still alive, evokes many mixed feelings.

I moved into a residential home when I was about 20 years old. This wasn’t easy. I had to get used to being helped by a succession of professionals. Until then, my mother had been my only carer. The move was also difficult for my mum. She had to trust new, unknown, professional caregivers. It was hard for me, too, since I love my mum and I want her to be happy.

I have to adjust repeatedly to changing reality. I used to play wheelchair hockey, but I’m not able to do that any more. I cannot go out without help. My ideas and preferences have also changed. Initially, for example, I resisted when the doctors said I needed artificial respiration during the night. I accepted this for night time, but didn’t want a cannula 24 hours a day. With a cannula I would be totally dependent on others. But when eventually I actually needed respiration 24 hours a day, I agreed. It scared me and at that moment I wished I was dead. It was an enormous step, but my feelings changed over the time. Still, it is hard, every time a new problem occurs.

I need some time to get adjusted to the changes, and medical specialists sometimes go too fast. The operation of the cannula was planned three weeks after the …
Remarks on the Toxic Action of Impure Chloroform: An Account of Experiments on Animals made in the Pharmacological Laboratory of the University of Berlin
Authors: R. D. Bois-Reymond
Journal: BMJ (1892)

PROFESSOR PICTET'S new method of refining chloroform offers great facilities for deciding certain questions hitherto treated with remarkable indifference ty medical men: What is the difference between the action of pure and impure chloroform?Do the impurities of chloroform increase its dangers?Have they any particular toxic action ?Opinions on this subject are divided and even uncertain.Though it is by no means generally acknowledged by surgeons that the impurities are dangerous, still after an accident as a rule great concern is shown to have it proved that the drug was pure.Sedillot asserted, and Lucas-Championnibre has shown by clinical evidence, that the dangers of chloroform may be due to impurity.Nevertheless, nobody has undertaken to investigate the physiological action of the impurities described and communicated to the scientific world by Mr. Dott.Pictet's process mainly corsists in subjecting chloroform to intense cold, by which it is caused to crystallise.The mother liquor being drawn off and the crystals being allowed to liquefy, it is obvious that the liquid obtained must be chemically pure chlorofoim.All the impurities of the origi- ntl material must now be contained in the mother liquor.From this, on repeating the operation, a considerable quantity of crystallised chloroform may again be separated; but in order to be on the safe side the proceeding is not strained to the utmost, and the ultimate residue still contains so much chloroform that it is hardly to be distinguished from the ordinary drug.The numerical proportion of this residue to the original quantity is 3-5: 100.Thus, the chloroform as ordinarily used is divided by Pro- fessor Pictet's process into two porti(ns, one of which is undoubtedly pure, whereas the other as assuredly contains all the foreign substances contained originally in the whole.By comparing the physiolcgical action of these two portions we shall be enabled to ansB er the questions put above.TABLE 1.Chlorof.
Detection of Focal Inflammation with Tc-99m HMPAO Labeled Leukocytes in Chiidren
Authors: E VANNINEN, M KORPPI, K A BERGSTR??M, E L??NSIMIES
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1993)

To evaluate the applicability of Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scintigraphy in the assessment of focal infections in children, we retrospectively analyzed 26 studies performed between 1988 and 1992. All patients (n = 25, age range 1 month-15 years) were severely ill and suspected to have invasive bacterial infection. In each case, whole body scintigraphy was performed 2-4 hours after injection of autologous labeled leukocytes. There were 8 true positive and 14 true negative cases; specificity was 88% and sensitivity 80%. The two false negative findings were observed in patients on immunosuppressive therapy; both had fungal infections. In one case, atypical non-specific bowel accumulation of the tracer was falsely interpreted as an abscess. The other false positive finding was hip accumulation in a patient who later turned out to have Mucha-Haberman disease; transient synovitis may explain the finding. Of the eight true positive cases, six had an invasive infection focus and two had an aseptic inflammatory process. Tc-99m HMPAO leukocyte scintigraphy is a valuable method in the assessment of focal inflammation in children, including infants.
Making Drosophila lineage–restricted drivers via patterned recombination in neuroblasts
Authors: Takeshi Awasaki, Chih-Fei Kao, Ying-Jou Lee, Ching-Po Yang, Yaling Huang, Barret D Pfeiffer, Haojiang Luan, Xiaotang Jing, Yu-Fen Huang, Yisheng He, Mark David Schroeder, Alexander Kuzin, Thomas Brody, Christopher T Zugates, Ward F Odenwald, Tzumin Lee
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2014)
More healthcare, same outcomes
Authors: E. Davies
Journal: BMJ (2013)

Last week the BMJ launched its Too Much Medicine campaign (www.bmj.com/too-much-medicine). The campaign aims to highlight the “threat to human health posed by overdiagnosis and the waste of resources on unnecessary care.”

To illustrate the point, this week’s BMJ podcast includes an interview with Jack Wennberg, emeritus professor of community and family medicine at the Dartmouth Institute, whose recent research paper …
Gynecology and Gynecologists in Paris.
Authors: W. S. Caldwell
Journal: JAMA (1898)

Paris, March 1898. Dr. Championnière, though perhaps known more widely as a general surgeon than as a gynecologist, does considerable of gynecologic surgery. In doing his vaginal hysterectomies he makes his incision with a thermocautery instead of with the knife and scissors. One peculiarity about all his work is that he washes every cut surface, of whatever kind, with a 2.5 per cent. solution of carbolic acid. He uses this fluid in the peritoneal cavity with a rashness that seems astounding to one who has been taught that its toxic influence is to be feared. He is a perfect enthusiast on this subject and says that in his abdominal work, where he encounters pus sacs and the like, his results are just as good as when these complications are absent, all of which he attributes to his free use of his one to forty solution of
Polymorphonuclear granulocytes in rheumatic tissue destruction. III. an electron microscopic study of PMNs at the pannus-cartilage junction in rheumatoid arthritis.
Authors: W Mohr, H Westerhellweg, D Wessinghage
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1981)

Metatarsophalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints from 3 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were investigated electron microscopically with regard to the occurrence of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (PMNs) at the pannus-cartilage junction. In all 3 cases PMNs could be detected at the junction and within the cartilaginous matrix. PMN cytoplasmic processes surrounded collagenous islands in the cartilage. From the morphological findings it is deduced that PMNs are cells capable of destroying cartilage in inflammatory joint diseases, in particular in rheumatoid arthritis.
FRACTIONATION OF THE SERUM AND PLASMA PROTEINS BY SALT PRECIPITATION IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN. 1. THE CHANGES WITH MATURITY AND AGE. 2. THE CHANGES IN GLOMERULONEPHRITIS. 3. THE CHANGES IN NEPHROSIS1
Authors: Milton Rapoport, Mitchell I. Rubin, Dorcas Chaffee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1943)
Fibrinogen date: Congenital hypodysfibrinogenemia associated with decreased binding of tissue‐plasminogen activator
Authors: Masahiro Ieko, Ken‐Ichi Sawada, Shoki Sakurama, Ikuko Yamagishi, Shin Isogawa, Shoichi Nakagawa, Masahiro Satoh, Taro Yasukouchi, Michio Matsuda
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1991)

Abstract A new case of congenital hypodysfibrinogenemia associated with a thrombotic tendency (thrombosis of the peroneal artery, the pulmonary artery and the deep veins of the lower extremities), is reported. Clotting time using Reptilase was significantly prolonged. The low levels of plasma fibrinogen were demonstrated using both thrombin time (Clauss) method (45.0 mg/ml) and radial immunodiffusion technique (106.1 mg/ml). The fibrinogen is also characterized by a defective polymerization of fibrin monomers. Furthermore, the important functional property of this fibrinogen is that the patient's fibrin adsorbs approximately 31–38% of added tissue‐plasminogen activator (t‐PA) at the time of fibrin formation, whereas control fibrin can adsorb about 79% of added t‐PA. This result could provide an explanation for the thrombotic tendency in this patient. This variant fibrinogen appears to have unique characteristics and has been designated as “Fibrinogen Date,” according to the city where the proband has lived.
Dermatan Sulfate Is Involved in the Tumorigenic Properties of Esophagus Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Martin A. Thelin, Katrin J. Svensson, Xiaofeng Shi, Mariam Bagher, Jakob Axelsson, Anna Isinger-Ekstrand, Toin H. van Kuppevelt, Jan Johansson, Mef Nilbert, Joseph Zaia, Mattias Belting, Marco Maccarana, Anders Malmström
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Extracellular matrix, either produced by cancer cells or by cancer-associated fibroblasts, influences angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) proteoglycans, which occur both in the matrix and at the cell surface, play important roles in these processes. The unique feature that distinguishes DS from CS is the presence of iduronic acid (IdoA) in DS. Here, we report that CS/DS is increased five-fold in human biopsies of esophagus squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), an aggressive tumor with poor prognosis, as compared with normal tissue. The main IdoA-producing enzyme, DS epimerase 1 (DS-epi1), together with the 6-O- and 4-O-sulfotransferases, were highly upregulated in ESCC biopsies. Importantly, CS/DS structure in patient tumors was significantly altered compared with normal tissue, as determined by sensitive mass spectrometry. To further understand the roles of IdoA in tumor development, DS-epi1 expression, and consequently IdoA content, was downregulated in ESCC cells. IdoA-deficient cells exhibited decreased migration and invasion capabilities in vitro, which was associated with reduced cellular binding of hepatocyte growth factor, inhibition of pERK-1/2 signaling, and deregulated actin cytoskeleton dynamics and focal adhesion formation. Our findings show that IdoA in DS influences tumorigenesis by affecting cancer cell behavior. Therefore, downregulation of IdoA by DS-epi1 inhibitors may represent a new anticancer therapy.
Myosin-Binding Protein C Phosphorylation, Myofibril Structure, and Contractile Function During Low-Flow Ischemia
Authors: Robert S. Decker, Marlene L. Decker, Irina Kulikovskaya, Sakie Nakamura, Daniel C. Lee, Kathleen Harris, Francis J. Klocke, Saul Winegrad
Journal: Circulation (2005)

Background— Contractile dysfunction develops in the chronically instrumented canine myocardium after bouts of low-flow ischemia and persists after reperfusion. The objective of this study is to identify whether changes in the phosphorylation state of myosin-binding protein C (MyBP-C) are a potential cause of dysfunction. Methods and Results— During low-flow ischemia, MyBP-C is dephosphorylated, and the number of actomyosin cross-bridges in the central core of the sarcomere decreases as thick filaments dissemble from the periphery of the myofibril. During reperfusion, MyBP-C remains dephosphorylated, and its degradation is accelerated. Conclusions— Dephosphorylation of MyBP-C may initiate changes in myofibril thick filament structure that decrease the interaction of myosin heads with actin thin filaments. Limiting the formation of actomyosin cross-bridges may contribute to the contractile dysfunction that is apparent after low-flow ischemia. Breakdown of MyBP-C during reperfusion may prolong myocardial stunning.
Financial Implications of the Patient-Centered Medical Home
Authors: Robert J. Reid, Eric B. Larson
Journal: JAMA (2012)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Efficacy of 24 weeks treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C infected with genotype 1 and low pretreatment viremia
Authors: Stefan Zeuzem, Maria Buti, Peter Ferenci, Jan Sperl, Yves Horsmans, Janusz Cianciara, Endre Ibranyi, Ola Weiland, Stephanie Noviello, Clifford Brass, Janice Albrecht
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2005)
Erythema multiforme to phenobarbital: Involvement of eosinophils and T cells expressing the skin homing receptor☆☆☆★★★
Authors: F.Jesus Gonzalez, Maria J. Carvajal, Victoria del Pozo, Carlos Lahoz, Luis Santamaria, Miguel Blanca, Carlos Juarez
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (1997)
Changes in gene expression in synovial tissue from refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with rituximab
Authors: V. Hogan, C. Holweg, S. Kummerfeld, Y. K. O. Teng, M. Townsend, J. M. van Laar
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2011)

<h3>Objective</h3> To determine the effects of the B cell depleting drug rituximab on gene expression in synovial tissue from patients with refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who have been on rituximab for 2 years. <h3>Methods</h3> Synovial tissue biopsies were collected from 19 patients with refractory RA at baseline, and 3 months after the first infusion of rituximab. 117 genes of interest were selected for analysis, including immune cell genes and fibrosis genes. Analysis was carried out using microfluidic real-time q-PCR and CT values were then obtained using the fluidigm gene expression data analysis software (version 2.1.1 Fluidigm). <h3>Results</h3> B cell depletion was evident in both responders and non-responders of rituximab between baseline and 3 months as assessed by CD20 gene expression. An unsupervised hierarchical cluster analysis revealed the presence of two groups of RA patients. One with high inflammation at baseline and one with low inflammation at baseline. The high inflammation group had significantly higher Disease Activity Score using 28 joint counts (DAS28), higher C reactive protein levels, higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate and a greater change in DAS28 over 3 months. <h3>Conclusion</h3> These results show the existence of two distinct RA patient subgroups, where high inflammation tissue is associated with more severe disease and a better response to rituximab.