tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
ENDOXY - Endothelialization of a gas permeable membrane for the development of a biohybrid lung assist device
Authors: Christian G. Cornelissen, Maren Dietrich, Dirk A. Frechen, Jörg Sachweh, Stefan Krüger, Stefan Jockenhoevel
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction:

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation's (ECMO) limited hemocompatibility, the activation of the coagulation system and the complement system, plasma leakage and protein deposition hamper mid- to long-term use and have constrained the development of an implantable lung assist device. In a Tissue Engineering approach, lining the blood contact surfaces of an ECMO device with endothelial cells might overcome these limitations.

Methods:

ENDOXY - a multifunctional oxygenator test device was developed to endothelialize gas permeable membranes and to test the gas transfer through it.

![Figure][1] 



Endothelial cells were preconditioned by applying shear stress in the test-system and monitored via a life cell imaging device. Cell coated membranes were incubated with blood and characterized by immunohistological staining.

Results:

Cells seeded on gas permeable membranes grew to confluence and showed characteristic endothelial morphology and aligned with shear stress without observable cell detachment. Fixed samples stained positive for endothelial markers. No corpuscular blood constituents resided on the endothelialized surfaces after static or dynamic incubation with blood, suggesting promising hemocompatibility.

Conclusion:

The development and initial application of the ENDOXY system is a first step toward the development of a biohybrid lung assist device.

 [1]: pending:yes
Hypertension and placental diseases are most common causes of stillbirth in obese women, study finds
Authors: Susan Mayor
Journal: BMJ (2015)

The risk of stillbirth increases with increasing overweight, and hypertension and placental diseases are the most common causes of fetal death in this group, a study from the United States has found. 

The researchers randomly sampled 1829 singleton deliveries from a cohort of 68 437 eligible births between 2003 and 2010 at Magee-Womens Hospital in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.1 They added all remaining cases of stillbirth that occurred during the study period but that were not already in the random sample, giving …
Improved Prognostication of Renal Cell Carcinoma Using an Integrated Staging System
Authors: Amnon Zisman, Allan J. Pantuck, Fredrick Dorey, Jonathan W. Said, Oleg Shvarts, Deanna Quintana, Barbara J. Gitlitz, Jean B. deKernion, Robert A. Figlin, Arie S. Belldegrun
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: To integrate stage, grade, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) into a clinically useful tool capable of stratifying the survival of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of 661 patients undergoing nephrectomy at University of California Los Angeles between 1989 and 1999 were evaluated. Median age was 61 years, male-to-female ratio was 2.2:1, and median follow-up was 37 months. Survival time was the primary end point assessed. Sixty-four possible combinations of stage, grade, and ECOG PS were analyzed and collapsed into distinct groups. The internal validity of the categoriesd was challenged by a univariate analysis and a multivariate analysis testing for the accountability of each UCLA Integrated Staging System (UISS) category against independent variables shown to have impact on survival. RESULTS: Combining and stratifying 1997 tumor-node-metastasis stage, Fuhrman’s grade and ECOG PS resulted in five survival stratification groups designated UISS, and numbered I to V. The projected 2- and 5-year survival for the UISS groups are as follows for the groups: I, 96% and 94%; II, 89% and 67%; III, 66% and 39%; IV, 42% and 23%; and V, 9% and 0%, respectively. UISS accounted for the significant variables in the variate analysis. CONCLUSION: A novel system for staging and predicting survival for RCC integrating clinical variables is offered. UISS is simple to use and is superior to stage alone in differentiating patients’ survival. Our data suggests that UISS is an important prognostic tool for counseling patients with various stages of kidney cancer. Further prospective large-scale validation with external data is awaited.
Sequence variation in the outer-surface-protein genes of Borrelia burgdorferi.
Authors: D A Caporale, T D Kocher
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (1994)

Borrelia burgdorferi is a spirochete pathogen transmitted among warm-blooded hosts by ixodid ticks. Frequency-dependent selection for variant outer-surface proteins might be expected to arise in this species, since rare variants are more likely to avoid immune surveillance in previously infected hosts. We sequenced the OspA and OspB genes of nine North American strains and compared them with nine strains previously described. For each gene, the mean number of synonymous substitutions per synonymous site and the mean number of nonsynonymous substitutions per nonsynonymous site show only a twofold excess of silent mutations. Synonymous rates vary widely along the OspB protein. Some regions show a significant excess of silent substitutions, while divergence in other regions is constrained by biased base composition or selection. The presence, in antigenically important regions of the protein, of significant variation among strains, as well as evidence for recombination among strains, should be considered in attempts to develop vaccines against this disease.
Combination cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin chemotherapy (PVB) for malignant germ-cell tumors of the ovary.
Authors: R W Carlson, B I Sikic, M M Turbow, S C Ballon
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1983)

Nine women with germ-cell tumors of the ovary (three endodermal sinus tumors, four immature teratomas, and two mixed germ-cell tumors) were treated with cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB) chemotherapy after cytoreductive operations. Five patients were stage I, three were stage III, and one patient had recurrent disease. All nine women are alive and without evidence of disease with a median follow-up of 31 months from diagnosis and 27 months since completion of PVB. Treatment toxicity although occasionally severe was rapidly reversible.
Perioperative blood transfusions do not affect disease recurrence of patients undergoing curative resection of colorectal carcinoma: a Mayo/North Central Cancer Treatment Group study.
Authors: J H Donohue, S Williams, S Cha, H E Windschitl, T E Witzig, H Nelson, R J Fitzgibbons, H S Wieand, C G Moertel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1995)

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of perioperative blood transfusions on colorectal cancer recurrence and patient survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 1,051 patients treated with curative surgery for stage II or III colorectal adenocarcinoma were retrospectively studied for the effect of perioperative blood transfusions on disease recurrence and patient survival. Forty-two percent of patients received perioperative blood components. RESULTS Perioperative transfusions had no effect on disease progression in univariate or multivariate analysis. Tumor stage (P = .0001), locally advanced tumor characteristics (adherence, involvement of adjacent structure, or perforation; P = .0001), location (rectal v colon; P = .0002), grade (P &lt; .001), and cell kinetic profile (nondiploid or high percent synthetic phase [%S]+ percent gap 2 mitosis phase [%G2M]; P = .0003) were the most powerful independent predictors of tumor recurrence. Use of transfusions was associated with an adverse effect on overall survival (P &lt; .004) using multivariate analysis, as well as tumor stage (P = .0001), location (P = .004), grade (P = .001), patient age (P = .0001), sex (P &lt; .04), and cell kinetic profile (P = .0001). In further evaluation of the prognostic effects of transfusions, there was no increased risk of disease recurrence after whole-blood transfusion (P = .14) as compared with packed RBC or no transfusions, although the disease-specific survival for patients who received whole blood was lower than for nontransfused patients (P &lt; .0005) patients who received other blood components (P &lt; .03). CONCLUSION With transfusion practices that use blood components, most commonly RBCs, medically indicated transfusions to patients with colorectal carcinoma seem to have no impact on disease recurrence. The adverse impact of transfusions on cancer patient survival is more likely due to other unevaluated tumor variables or underlying illness rather than tumor recurrence enhancement by immunosuppression induced by transfusion of blood components.
Difficulty in management of COPD exacerbation: Is this chronic exacerbation or difficult COPD: "A specific phenotype?"
Authors: Baha, Kokturk
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

This pilot study was taken to evaluate the risk factors of patients with severe uncontrollable COPD exacerbations despite maximum pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions.  8 female and 22 male (73.3%) patients with a mean age of 68.83±10 were included in the study. Patients assigned into 3 groups. Group 1 which consisted of patients with severe exacerbation who had prolonged hospitalization was described as chronic exacerbators, group 2 was consisted of frequent exacerbators but not chronic exacerbators and group 3 was consisted of nonfrequent exacerbators. All patients were GOLD spirometric stage 3-4 (mean FEV1 30.4%).  The percentage of non adherent patients to treatment was 20%, 50%, 10% in group 1, 2 and 3, respectfully. There was more bacterial colonization (80%), constipation (80%), fungal infection (60%), osteoporosis (70%), subclinic hypertiroidi (70%), endobronchial lesion (20%) and heavy smoking history (83.75 pack/year) present in group 1 (p  Theses preliminary results showed that there is a subgroup of patiens who had severe prolonged exacerbations with several risk factors independent of spirometric severity and exacerbation frequency. Further attempt must be taken for better description.
Composition of Tobaccos From Countries With High and Low Incidences of Lung Cancer. I. Selenium, Polonium-210, &lt;italic&gt;Alternaria&lt;/italic&gt;, Tar, and Nicotine
Authors: J D Bogden, F W Kemp, M Buse, I S Thind, D B Louria, J Forgacs, G Llanos, I Moncoya Terrones
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1981)

Tobaccos from countries with high and low incidences of lung cancer were analyzed. Tobacco concentrations of polonium-210 were similar in cigarettes from high- and low-incidence countries, as were levels of cigarette smoke tar and nicotine. Tobaccos from low-incidence countries had significantly lower Alternaria spore counts. Mean selenium concentrations of tobaccos from the high-incidence countries (0.16 +/- 0.05 micrograms/g) were significantly lower than those of tobaccos from the low-incidence countries (0.49 +/- 0.22 micrograms/g).
High Throughput Screening for Antibody Responses Against H-Y Antigens and Their X-Variants in Allogeneic Hematopoeietic Stem Cell Transplantation,
Authors: Judith C van der Griendt, Edith D van der Meijden, Burcu Ayoglu, Jochen M Schwenk, Peter Nilsson, J.H. Frederik Falkenburg, Marieke Griffioen
Journal: Blood (2011)
High prevalence of exercise-induced laryngeal obstruction in athletes with respiratory symptoms
Authors: Emil W. Nielsen, James Hull, Vibeke Backer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction   Unexplained respiratory symptoms reported by athletes are often incorrectly considered secondary to exercise-induced asthma. We hypothesised that this may be related to exercise induced laryngeal obstruction (EILO). This study evaluates the prevalence of EILO in an unselected cohort of athletes.   Methods   We retrospectively reviewed the prevalence of EILO in a cohort of athletes (n=91) referred consecutively during a two-year period for asthma work-up including continuous laryngoscopy during exercise (CLE) testing. We compared clinical characteristics and bronchial hyper-reactivity between athletes with and without EILO.   Results   Of 88 athletes who completed a full work-up, 31 (35.2%) had EILO and 38 (43.2%) had a positive bronchoprovocation or bronchodilator reversibility test. The presence of inspiratory symptoms did not differentiate athletes with and without EILO. Sixty-one percent of athletes with EILO and negative bronchoprovocation and bronchodilator reversibility tests used regular asthma medication at referral.   Conclusion   In athletes with unexplained respiratory symptoms, EILO is an important differential diagnosis not discerned from other aetiologies by clinical features. These findings have important implications for the assessment and management of athletes presenting with persistent respiratory symptoms despite asthma therapy.
Abstract 11160: Impact of In-Stent Neoatherosclerosis on Bare-Metal Stent Thrombosis Beyond 3 Years
Authors: Kyohei Yamaji, Katsumi Inoue, Takeshi Kimura, Masashi Iwabuchi, Masakiyo Nobuyoshi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between nouveau atherosclerotic changes after the bare-metal stent implantation and stent thrombosis (ST). Methods: From Septem...
Is spirometry screening useful for detecting undiagnosed COPD
Authors: Kart Levent, Sezer Murat, Karakose Fatma, Akkoyunlu Muhammet
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

In BOLD Adana study COPD prevalence was 19.3% over 40 years of age but diagnosed COPD prevalence was 10% in 2004. Screening by spirometry might improve the detection of COPD. We aimed to answer the question that what is the contrubition of spirometry screening in early detection of COPD. We recruited to study adult visitors (age>18 years of age) to spirometry tent in our hospital garden during three days between 13 October 15 October 2010 (world spirometry day) for spirometry screening in Istanbul. We applied to the paticipants standard spirometry and questionnaire. 397 participant enrolled to the study. Mean age of study population was 43.9±11.8. 243 were female (%61.2) and 154 were male (38.8%). 151 were smoker (38%), 206 were nonsmoker (51%) and 40 were exsmoker (10.1%). 252 participants (63%) were over 40 years of age. Spirometry was performed in 224/252 and questionnaire was performed in 198/252 of people. In participant who were smoker and exsmoker (n:94 37%) FEV1/FVC ratio under 70% were in 12/94 (12%) and COPD symptoms (were positive in 41/94 (43%) people who were over 40 years of age and who have smoking history. 44/94 (3+41) people (46%) have either obstruction or symptoms. The patients who have previous COPD diagnosis were 39/111 (35.1%) in smokers. In our study spirometry screening can be useful for early detection of COPD. But combined screening modalities such as questionnaire that are better than spirometry alone are necessary for identifying those who are truly at risk, and effective treatments beyond smoking cessation are needed for preventing progression.
Phase I Trial of Oral Green Tea Extract in Adult Patients With Solid Tumors
Authors: Katherine M.W. Pisters, Robert A. Newman, Brenda Coldman, Dong M. Shin, Fadlo R. Khuri, Waun Ki Hong, Bonnie S. Glisson, Jin S. Lee
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: This trial was designed to determine the maximum-tolerated dose, toxicity, and pharmacology of oral green tea extract (GTE) once daily or three times daily. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Cohorts of three or more adult cancer patients were administered oral GTE with water after meals one or three times daily for 4 weeks, to a maximum of 6 months, depending on disease response and patient tolerance. Pharmacokinetic analyses were encouraged but optional. RESULTS: Dose levels of 0.5 to 5.05 g/m 2 qd and 1.0 to 2.2 g/m 2 tid were explored. A total of 49 patients were studied. Patient characteristics: median age, 57 years (range, 27 to 77 years); 23 patients were women (47%); 98% had a Zubrod PS of 1%; 98% had PS of 1; and 21 had non–small-cell lung, 19 had head &amp; neck cancer, three had mesothelioma, and six had other. Mild to moderate toxicities were seen at most dose levels and promptly reversed on discontinuation of GTE. Dose-limiting toxicities were caffeine related and included neurologic and gastrointestinal effects. The maximum-tolerated dose was 4.2 g/m 2 once daily or 1.0 g/m 2 three times daily. No major responses occurred; 10 patients with stable disease completed 6 months of GTE. Pharmacokinetic analyses found accumulation of caffeine levels that were dose dependent, whereas epigallocatechin gallate levels did not accumulate nor appear dose related. CONCLUSION: A dose of 1.0 g/m 2 tid (equivalent to 7 to 8 Japanese cups [120 mL] of green tea three times daily) is recommended for future studies. The side effects of this preparation of GTE were caffeine related. Oral GTE at the doses studied can be taken safely for at least 6 months.
A Bio-Engineering Study of the Mechanical Properties of Human Skin in Relation to Its Structure.
Authors: M. D. RIDGE, V. WRIGHT
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1965)

Journal Article A Bio‐Engineering Study of the Mechanical Properties of Human Skin in Relation to Its Structure. Get access M. D. RIDGE, B.Sc. Ph.D., M. D. RIDGE, B.Sc. Ph.D. Research Fellow Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar V. WRIGHT, M.D., M.R.C.P. V. WRIGHT, M.D., M.R.C.P. Senior Lecturer in Medicine and Cousultant Rheumatologist Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 77, Issue 12, 1 December 1965, Pages 639–649, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1965.tb14595.x Published: 01 December 1965
Cystatin C as a marker of cardiovascular diseases in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with concomitant diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2)
Authors: Anna Czyzak-Gradkowska, Adam Nowinski, Robert Plywaczewski, Przemyslaw Bielen, Monika Targowska, Dorota Gorecka, Pawel Sliwinski
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

OSA is known to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and DM2. In the course of DM2 renal function may become impaired that itself is another factor of increased risk of CVD. An important indicator of renal dysfunction is cystatin C(CysC).  We aimed to evaluate the importance of CysC as a marker of CVD in OSA pts with concomitant DM2. 238 OSA pts were examined. Elevated level of CysC was found in 97(40.3%). 64 OSA pts suffered from DM2 (27%) of whom 29(45%) pts presented with elevated level of CysC.  Prevalence of selected CVD and studied parameters in OSA pts with coexisting DM2 are compared to other pts in the table below.  Logistic regression analysis revealed that elevated level of CysC in OSA pts with coexisting DM2 was assosiated with higher incidence of CAD (OR=5.7; 95%CI=1.7-19.4; p=0.004) and HF (OR=8.4; 95%CI=1.4-49.2; p=0.016) compared to OSA pts with DM2 and normal CysC. Among non-diabetic OSA pts elevated CysC indicated higher incidence of HF (OR=6.1; 95%CI=1.2-30.7; p=0.026). Presence of DM2 and elevated CysC was not assosiated with significantly different prevalence of AH in the studied pts.  Conclusion: CysC concentration is strongly assosiated with CAD and HF but not AH in OSA pts with concomitant DM2.
Abstract P214: Twenty-five Years Trends in Stroke Incidence in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Authors: Silvia Koton, Andrea L Schneider, Wayne D Rosamond, Rebecca F Gottesman, Josef Coresh
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Prior studies have shown a decrease in stroke mortality rates, but data on validated stroke incidence and trends by race are more limited. We aimed to study trends in stroke incidence by age and race in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) population from 1987 to 2010. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that total stroke incidence rates are decreasing over calendar time in all age groups, and in whites and African-Americans. Methods: ARIC participants were recruited in 1987-1989 and followed until 2010. A computer algorithm and physician reviewers identified and adjudicated definite and probable stroke as ischemic, intracerebral hemorrhage and subarachnoid hemorrhage (total stroke). A person-years (PY) approach using 5-year periods for age and calendar time was used for studying rates of total stroke incidence and trends. Poisson regression modeled calendar time in 5-year periods and linearly per decade, adjusted for 5-year age group. Results: From 1987 to 2010, 994 strokes occurred over 274,837 PY in 14,145 participants free of stroke at baseline. Total stroke incidence rates by age and calendar time increased with age and generally decreased with time ( Table ). Poisson regression adjusted for age group showed incidence rate ratios of 2.28 (95% CI 2.01-2.59) for African-Americans, compared to whites. Using the 1992-1996 as reference period, incidence rate ratios were 0.90 (0.70-1.16) for 1987-1991, 0.84 (0.69-1.02) for 1997-2001, 0.69 (0.56-0.85) for 2002-2006, and 0.59 (0.46-0.75) for 2007-2010. Analysis stratified by race shows an incidence rate ratio decrease per decade of -27% (-13% to - 39%) in whites and -22% (-5% to -34%) in African-Americans. Conclusions: Validated total stroke incidence rates decreased over calendar time from 1992 to 2010 in the ARIC cohort in both whites and African-Americans, after taking the aging of the cohort into account. Cohorts like ARIC only represent a limited age range but provide an ability to use validated events in updating stroke incidence trends.
ASTROCYTOMA OF THE LEFT TEMPORAL LOBE
Authors: EMIL GUENTHER WINKLER, GERALD V. FREIMAN, SOLOMON S. LIEBERMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1951)

The case reported is that of an astrocytoma of the left temporal lobe in a 19-year-old boy with epileptic seizures, the typical epileptic personality changes, and a deficiency in the semantic sphere. This case is considered as a contribution to the development of semantic aphasia and semantic alexia as well as to that of psychopathology of the so-called epileptic personality disorder.
Short-term and long-term reproducibility of non-invasive clinical and inflammatory parameters in asthma
Authors: Matthias Jung, Stephanie Korn, Marisa Hübner, Christian Taube, Roland Buhl
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Several non-invasive parameters have been proposed to monitor bronchial inflammation in asthma. Aim of this study was to assess the reproducibility of established parameters in asthma within 7 days and after 6 months.

In 83 medically treated asthma patients (51 female, mean±SEM 44±1.5 yrs, FEV1 % pred. 85±2, 20 pts. controlled, 30 partly controlled, 33 uncontrolled) with a constant level of asthma control (GINA) and unchanged medication the following tests were performed at baseline, after 7 days (n=76) and after 6 months (n=37): asthma control questionnaire (ACQ-5), exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), lung function tests, methacholine provocation (PC20), measurement of total serum IgE and sputum induction.

Within 7 days ACQ-5, eNO, FEV1 and total IgE were stable with a Cronbach's alpha between 0.946 (eNO) and 0.996 (ACQ5) and intraclass correlation coefficients between 0.898 (eNO) and 0.993 (IgE). Reproducibility of PC20 and sputum eosinophilia was low. In patients with a stable level of asthma control ACQ-5 (mean±SEM baseline – month 6: 0.1±0.1), eNO (0.1±2.3ppb), FEV1 (0.02±0.04L) and total IgE (13.6±13.7 IU/ml) were equally stable after 6 months. Reproducibility was good with Cronbach's alpha \[intraclass correlation coefficients] between 0.873 [0.775\] (ACQ-5) and 0.997 \[0.994\] (IgE).

In patients with a constant level of asthma control and unchanged medical treatment clinical parameters are reproducible in a short- and long-term interval.