tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Patient Compliance in Medical Practice and Clinical Trials
Authors: Joyce A. Cramer, Bert Spilker
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

Patient noncompliance with medical regimens is a major factor in therapeutic failure and is particularly detrimental to clinical trials. This text aims to address the entire scope of compliance issues, and describes electronic monitoring devices that record actual dose times. Traditional methods of assessing compliance, such as patient history, drug levels, and counting pills or prescription refills, are also discussed. The review of everyday clinical problems facing practitioners everywhere is complemented by discussions on the impact of noncompliance in research and the drug regulatory process. Health care providers in all fields as well as clinical trial researchers should find useful ideas throughout the book.
INFRA-RED PHOTOGRAPHY OF SUBCUTANEOUS VEINS: DEMONSTRATION Of CONCEALED VARICES IN ULCER AND ECZEMA OF THE LEG.
Authors: H. HAXTHAUSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1933)

Journal Article INFRA‐RED PHOTOGRAPHY OF SUBCUTANEOUS VEINS: DEMONSTRATION Of CONCEALED VARICES IN ULCER AND ECZEMA OF THE LEG. Get access H. HAXTHAUSEN, M.D. H. HAXTHAUSEN, M.D. Professor of Dermatology. From the University Clinic of Dermatology, Rigshospital, Copenhagen Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 45, Issue 12, 1 December 1933, Pages 506–511, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1933.tb10132.x Published: 01 December 1933
Percutaneous Coronary Intervention at Centers With and Without On-Site Surgical Backup
Authors: Joo Myung Lee, Doyeon Hwang, Jonghanne Park, Kyung-Jin Kim, Chul Ahn, Bon-Kwon Koo
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Emergency coronary artery bypass grafting for unsuccessful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is now rare. We aimed to evaluate the current safety and outcomes of primary PCI and nonprimary PCI at centers with and without on-site surgical backup.We performed an updated systematic review and meta-analysis by using mixed-effects models. We included 23 high-quality studies that compared clinical outcomes and complication rates of 1 101 123 patients after PCI at centers with or without on-site surgery. For primary PCI for ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction (133 574 patients), all-cause mortality (without on-site surgery versus with on-site surgery: observed rates, 4.8% versus 7.2%; pooled odds ratio [OR], 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.91-1.07; P=0.729; I(2)=3.4%) or emergency coronary artery bypass grafting rates (observed rates, 1.5% versus 2.4%; pooled OR, 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.56-1.01; P=0.062; I(2)=42.5%) did not differ by presence of on-site surgery. For nonprimary PCI (967 549 patients), all-cause mortality (observed rates, 1.6% versus 2.1%; pooled OR, 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.94-1.41; P=0.172; I(2)=67.5%) and emergency coronary artery bypass grafting rates (observed rates, 0.5% versus 0.8%; pooled OR, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 0.62-2.13; P=0.669; I(2)=81.7%) were not significantly different. PCI complication rates (cardiogenic shock, stroke, aortic dissection, tamponade, recurrent infarction) also did not differ by on-site surgical capability. Cumulative meta-analysis of nonprimary PCI showed a temporal decrease of the effect size (OR) for all-cause mortality after 2007.Clinical outcomes and complication rates of PCI at centers without on-site surgery did not differ from those with on-site surgery, for both primary and nonprimary PCI. Temporal trends indicated improving clinical outcomes in nonprimary PCI at centers without on-site surgery.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Sickle Cell Disease
Authors: Mark T. Gladwin, Roberto F. Machado
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is common in sickle cell disease and is known to be a risk factor for death. To improve the care of patients with sickle cell disease, the American Thoracic Society has developed a clinical practice guideline on the treatment of PH in sickle cell disease for pulmonologists, hematologists, cardiologists, pediatricians, and internists. The guideline was created by assembling a panel of experts, reviewing the literature, synthesizing the evidence, and then generating recommendations. This summary for practicing clinicians is prepared from the official guideline document (1).
Abstract 3640: Mitochondrial Uncoupling Protein 2 Facilitates Endothelial Cell Growth and Angiogenesis via Reduction of Mitochondrial Superoxide
Authors: Yukio Shimasaki, Kai Chen, John F Keaney
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Growing evidence suggests that mitochondrial function contributes to cell phenotype. One important component of mitochondrial function is the membrane potential that is controlled, in part, by uncoupling proteins (UCPs). Based on our previous data, the UCP2 is predominantly expressed in cultured endothelial cells. Therefore, we sought to examine the role of UCP2 in endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis. Methods and Results: Murine lung endothelial cells (MLECs) were isolated from UCP2-null and wild-type mice. UCP2-null cells were found less proliferative than wild-type cells (P&lt;0.02, UCP2-null cells vs. wild-type cells, n=4). This defect of UCP2-null cells was rescued by UCP2 adenovirus transfection (19% increase, p&lt;0.02 vs. LacZ adenovirus treated cells, n=3), and also rescued by transfection with manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) adenovirus (53% increase, P&lt;0.002 vs. LacZ adenovirus treated cells, n=3). We found a reciprocal relation such as no UCP2 expression and higher mitochondrial superoxide level in the MLECs (P&lt;0.005, UCP2-null cells vs. wild-type cells, n=3), suggesting that mitochondrial superoxide may regulate endothelial cell growth. Then, we prepared murine aortic rings from UCP2-null and wild-type mice and embedded in rat tail collagen gel. The sprouting angiogenesis of UCP2-null explants was significantly less than wild-type explants (P&lt;0.02, UCP2-null explants vs. wild-type explants, n=3– 4). Furthermore, MLECs from MnSOD-heterozygous mice showed less proliferation with lower expression of UCP2 protein and higher mitochondrial superoxide level compared to the MLECs from wild-type littermates (P&lt;0.02, MnSOD-heterozygous cells vs. wild-type cells, n=4 – 8). We also observed less sprouting angiogenesis in MnSOD-heterozygous aortic explants than wild-type aortic explants (P&lt;0.05, MnSOD-heterozygous explants vs. wild-type explants, n=3– 6). Conclusions: These data indicate that mitochondrial superoxide controls endothelial cell proliferation and angiogenesis, suggesting that mitochondrial metabolism modulates the endothelial cell growth and angiogenesis.
Abstract MP72: Habitual Sleep Variability is Associated with Caloric and Food Intake
Authors: Fan He, Edward O Bixler, Jiangang Liao, Arthur Berg, Yuka Imamura Kawasawa, Julio Fernandez-Mendoza, Alexandros N Vgontzas, Duanping Liao
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Excessive food intake is the primary factor for obesity in adolescents whereas subjectively reported sleep duration has been suggested as a novel risk factor. However, the association between objectively measured habitual sleep pattern and adolescent caloric and snack consumption behaviors has not been assessed. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that objectively-measured habitual sleep variability is associated with caloric and snack intakes in adolescents. Methods: We used data from 421 adolescents who participated in the population-based Penn State Child Cohort follow-up examination. Actigraphy was used for 7 consecutive nights to calculate each participant’s mean sleep duration as habitual sleep duration (HSD) and the standard deviation of the mean as habitual sleep variability (HSV). Participants’ caloric and snack intakes for one year prior to the clinical examination were assessed using Youth/Adolescent Food Frequency Questionnaire. Daily total caloric intake (kcal), protein intak...
A SPECIFIC FOR RELIEF OF PAIN IN BILIARY DYSKINESIA
Authors: G W PARSON
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1960)

Case Reports1 February 1960A SPECIFIC FOR RELIEF OF PAIN IN BILIARY DYSKINESIAGEORGE W. PARSON, M.D., F.A.C.P.GEORGE W. PARSON, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-52-2-444 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the period between 1920 and 1930, the time of my medical training, internship, postgraduate work and early years of practice, apomorphine hydrochloride was used for hysteria or acute alcoholism. Given with due precautions, it was meant to induce vomiting. Somewhere along the way, I learned that this medicine would at times induce sleep in the agitated patient when other remedies failed. I have noticed this especially in older people with Cheyne-Stokes respiration during the terminal phase of myocardial failure.During the early 1930's I repeatedly saw a young woman who had central nervous system syphilis without objective findings except... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Texarkana, Texas*Received for publication August 1, 1958.Requests for reprints should be addressed to George W. Parson, M.D., Southern Clinic, 401 East Fifth Street, Texarkana, Arkansas-Texas. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1960Volume 52, Issue 2Page: 444-445KeywordsAlcoholismAlcoholsCalciumCentral nervous systemHeart failureRespirationSleepSyphilisVomiting ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1960 PDF downloadLoading ...
Should GMC leaders be put to the sword?
Authors: R. Smith
Journal: BMJ (2000)

News p 69 Reviews pp 122, 123 

The growing dissatisfaction among doctors with the General Medical Council (the regulatory authority for doctors in the United Kingdom), which I wrote about just six weeks ago, has now boiled over.1 The British Medical Association's annual representative meeting last week passed by a substantial majority a vote of no confidence in the council (p 69).2 Despite intense battles in the past between council leaders and rank and file doctors, this is a historic first. The meeting voted in favour of self regulation and revalidation and only one or two representatives spoke in favour of scrapping the GMC. The discontent is with the state of the GMC and its current leadership. Could everything be solved if the leadership resigned? When football teams lose repeatedly, their managers go. Should medicine follow football? As always, it's easier to moan about the problems than identify the solutions.

The doctors' dissatisfaction has many causes …
TSLC1 is a tumor-suppressor gene in human non-small-cell lung cancer
Authors: Masami Kuramochi, Hiroshi Fukuhara, Takahiro Nobukuni, Takamasa Kanbe, Tomoko Maruyama, Hara P. Ghosh, Mathew Pletcher, Minoru Isomura, Masataka Onizuka, Tadaichi Kitamura, Takao Sekiya, Roger H. Reeves, Yoshinori Murakami
Journal: Nature Genetics (2001)
Abstract 3671: Myeloid-derived suppressive cells require education from tumor-evoked Bregs to mediate metastasis
Authors: Monica Bodogai, Catalina Lee Chang, Arya Biragyn
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Myeloid-derived suppressive cells (MDSC) are key metastasis-promoting regulatory cells. They are drastically expanded in WT BALB/c mice with highly aggressive 4T1 cancer and thought to promote metastasis by inactivating antitumor effector immune cells. Surprisingly, despite comparable expansion of MDSC, in B-cell deficient congenic mice 4T1 cancer fails to metastasize to lungs, questioning the importance of MDSC. We found that this is due to the lack of a new subset of tumor-evoked regulatory B cells (tBregs) 1,2 that induces metastasis-promoting regulatory T cells (Tregs) 3. The mechanism of this process is that cancer initiates a chain of metastasis-promoting events, such as converts normal B cells into tBregs utilizing metabolites of 5-lipooxygenase, which in turn use TGFβ to generate FoxP3+ Tregs from non-regulatory CD4+ T cells. The Tregs then inactivate effector NK and CD8+ T cells that kill the metastasizing cancer cells in the lungs. To reconcile these results with the reported importance of MDSC, we speculated that metastasis-promoting activity of MDSC requires tBregs. Here we report that tBregs educate a small subset of MDSC rendering them regulatory. As a result, the ability of 4T1 cancer to metastasize in B-cell KO mice can be restored by the adoptive transfer of the regulatory subset of MDSC from tumor-bearing WT mice. In tumor-bearing B-cell KO mice, however, tBregs are not generated and thus MDSC from these mice cannot support lung metastasis. Overall, these results further underscore the importance of tBregs by uncovering a previously unknown regulatory step that MDSC can only promote metastasis if educated by cancer-induced tBregs. This work was supported by the National Institute on Aging, the Intramural Research Program 1 Olkhanud, P. B. et al. Tumor-evoked regulatory B cells promote breast cancer metastasis by converting resting CD4 T cells to T-regulatory cells. Cancer research 71, 3505-3515, doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-4316 (2011). 2 Bodogai, M. et al. Anti-CD20 antibody promotes cancer escape via enrichment of tumor-evoked regulatory B cells expressing low levels of CD20 and CD137L. Cancer research, doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-4184 (2013). 3 Olkhanud, P. B. et al. Breast cancer lung metastasis requires expression of chemokine receptor CCR4 and regulatory T cells. Cancer Res. 69, 5996-6004 (2009). Citation Format: Monica Bodogai, Catalina Lee Chang, Arya Biragyn. Myeloid-derived suppressive cells require education from tumor-evoked Bregs to mediate metastasis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3671. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3671
Longitudinal assessment of immuno-metabolic parameters in multiple sclerosis patients during treatment with glatiramer acetate
Authors: Pietro B. Carrieri, Fortunata Carbone, Francesco Perna, Dario Bruzzese, Claudia La Rocca, Mario Galgani, Silvana Montella, Maria Petracca, Ciro Florio, Giorgia T. Maniscalco, Daniele L.A. Spitaleri, Gerardo Iuliano, Gioacchino Tedeschi, Marida Della Corte, Simona Bonavita, Giuseppe Matarese
Journal: Metabolism (2015)
The International Prognostic Index Correlates to Survival in Patients With Aggressive Lymphoma in Relapse: Analysis of the PARMA Trial
Authors: Jean Yves Blay, Françoise Gomez, C. Sebban, Thomas Bachelot, Pierre Biron, C. Guglielmi, Anton Hagenbeek, René Somers, F. Chauvin, T. Philip
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 16516: Timing of Staged Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Prior to Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Outcome Implications
Authors: Philippe van Rosendael, Frank van der Kley, Vasileios Kamperidis, Spyridon Katsanos, Ibtihal Al Amri, Madelien Regeer, Martin Schalij, Nina Ajmone Marsan, Jeroen Bax, Victoria Delgado
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background:  Significant coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly prevalent among patients with severe aortic stenosis referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). Timing of staged percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in TAVI candidates remains debated.   Objective:  To assess the impact of staged PCI short- and long-term before TAVI on the outcomes of TAVI.   Methods:  A total of 96 patients (mean age 81±5 years, 57.3% men) who had undergone staged PCI within 1 year before TAVI were included. The decision to perform staged PCI was based on the extent of myocardial tissue at risk and technical complexity while PCI timing was based on patient’s clinical status and logistical issues. The population was dichotomized according to the median number of days elapsed between PCI and TAVI. All in-hospital events and 30-day outcomes after TAVI were defined according to the Valve Academic Research Consortium-2.   Results:  The median number of days elapsed between PCI and TAVI was 29 [9-81]. Forty-eight patients underwent PCI >29 days before TAVI while the remaining 48 patients underwent PCI ≤29 days. Except lower haemoglobin levels at TAVI admission (7.2±0.9 mmol/L vs. 7.9±0.9 mmol/L, p=0.002) and a higher frequency of atrial fibrillation (27.1% vs. 12.5%, p=0.018), the group of patients treated with PCI ≤29 days was comparable with the group >29 days. Minor vascular injury and minor bleedings were more frequently recorded among those treated with staged PCI ≤29days before TAVI (Table) as compared with their counterparts. There were no differences in the incidence of other events (Table). Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated a 2-year survival of 74.8% and 76.8% (p=0.36) for patients treated with staged PCI ≤29days and >29days.   Conclusions:  Early (≤29 days) or remote (>29 days) staged PCI before TAVI results in comparable outcomes with the exception of minor vascular injury and minor bleeding events which were more frequently observed in patients treated with early staged PCI.
Nonunion of the Clavicle
Authors: Tuncay Centel, Isik Akgun, Refik Tezcan
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Role of Gallbladder Mucus Hypersecretion in the Evolution of Cholesterol Gallstones
Authors: Sum P. Lee, J. Thomas Lamont, Martin C. Carey
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1981)

Because mucin glycoproteins may be important in the pathophysiology of gallstones, we studied the relationship among biliary lipids, gallbladder mucin secretion, and gallstone formation in cholesterol-fed prairie dogs. Organ culture studies of gallbladder explants revealed that the incorporation of [3H]glucosamine into tissue and secretory gallbladder glycoproteins was significantly increased at 3, 5, 8, and 14 d of feeding. Peak secretion of labeled mucin occurred at 5 d, when total tissue and secreted glycoprotein production was fivefold greater than control. Gel filtration of the secreted glycoprotein on Sepharose 4B indicated that the majority of radioactivity was present in a macromolecule of > 1 million molecular weight. The increased secretion of gallbladder mucin was organ specific, in that [3H]glucosamine incorporation into glycoproteins of stomach and colon was unaffected by cholesterol feeding. Similarly, the incorporation of [3H]mannose into gallbladder membrane glycoproteins was not altered by cholesterol feeding. The rate of glycoprotein synthesis and secretion returned to normal upon withdrawal of the cholesterol diet, and ligation of the cystic duct before cholesterol feeding prevented gallbladder mucin hypersecretion. Both results indicate that the stimulus to mucin secretion was a constituent of bile. Gallbladder bile after 5 d contained cholesterol in micelles, liquid crystals, and crystals, whereas hepatic bile remained a single micellar phase throughout cholesterol feeding. For this reason the cholesterol-saturation indices of gallbladder bile were compared in both homogenized and centrifuged samples. The micellar phase of gallbladder bile was appreciably less saturated than homogenized bile at 5 and 8 d, which reflects the continuous nucleation of cholesterol in the gallbladder. Purified human gallbladder mucin gels were shown to induce nucleation of lecithin-cholesterol liquid crystals from supersaturated hepatic bile. These in turn gave rise to cholesterol monohydrate crystals within 18 h. Control supersaturated hepatic bile could not be nucleated by the addition of other proteins, and was stable for days upon standing. These results suggest that the increase in cholesterol content of bile in cholesterolfed prairie dogs stimulates gallbladder mucus hypersecretion, and that gallbladder mucus gel is a nucleating agent for biliary cholesterol.
Lung fibroblast function in patients with Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome
Authors: Yoshito Hoshika, Fumiyuki Takahashi, Shinsaku Togo, Muneaki Hashimoto, Toshiyuki Kobayashi, Hideyuki Kataoka, Masatoshi Kurihara, Etsuko Kobayashi, Katsutoshi Ando, Kuniaki Seyama, Kazuhisa Takahashi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background:  Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome (BHDS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by germline mutations in the  FLCN  gene, and characterized by skin fibrofolliculomas, multiple lung cysts, spontaneous pneumothorax, and renal neoplasms. Pulmonary manifestations frequently develop earlier than other organ involvements and then frequently prompt to make a diagnosis of BHDS.   Objective:  To clarify the mechanism of lung cyst formation, we isolated lung fibroblasts from patients with BHDS and analyzed their function because they are principal cells responsible for the production and maintenance of extracellular matrix.   Methods:  Lung fibroblasts were isolated from lung tissue obtained from patients with BHDS (n=10) and lung cancer (n=7). Lung fibroblast function was evaluated by chemotaxis to fibronectin and three dimensional (3D)-gel contraction assay.   Result:  We confirmed that lung fibroblasts express  FLCN  mRNA, but there was no difference in expression level between control and BHDS fibroblasts. BHDS fibroblasts showed reduced chemotaxis as compared with control fibroblasts (p=0.001). But there was no significant difference in contraction of 3D-collagen gels between two groups (p=0.1726). Expression of fibronectin, transforming growth factor (TGF)-b1 and type I collagen was significantly reduced in BHDS fibroblasts as compared to control fibroblasts when evaluated by real-time PCR. In support of these results obtained from primary cultured fibroblasts, normal fetal lung fibroblasts (HFL-1) exhibited reduced chemotaxis when  FLCN  expression in HFL-1 was knock-downed.   Conclusion:  Our results suggest that FLCN haplo-insufficiency in the lung may cause fibroblast dysfunction leading to impaired tissue repair.
Abstract 10908: Tonic Chemoreflex Activation Contributes to Increased Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Heart Failure-Related Anemia.
Authors: Fabien Despas, Nicolas Franchitto, Marc Labrunee, Michel Galinier, Jean-Michel Senard, Atul Pathak
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Intoduction: Sympathetic activation contributes to both the initiation and progression of heart failure. The role of anemia in determining sympathetic overactivity in chronic heart failure (CHF) pa...