tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-term Bilateral Tinnitus
Authors: Tom I. Abelson
Journal: JAMA (1985)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> In the QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS section of the Dec 28, 1984, issue of<i>JAMA</i>,<sup>1</sup>a question was raised concerning long-term bilateral tinnitus in a 43-year-old man. The answer given by George H. Conner, MD is entirely correct, provided that the patient has had an audiogram that is within normal limits. The patient's tinnitus had been long lasting, but progressive. Only if the audiogram is normal can the tinnitus be considered idiopathic. If there is a typical high-tone sensorineural hearing loss with some recovery in the higher tones, and if there is a history of noise exposure, then acoustic trauma can be the explanation for both the tinnitus and the high-tone loss. However, if the patient has asymmetrical hearing loss or a decrease in the discrimination score, then diagnostic studies for other causes may proceed. Acoustic neuromas can result in tinnitus and can be very slow growing
Left ventricular ejection performance and systolic muscle function in patients with mitral stenosis.
Authors: A K Gash, B A Carabello, D Cepin, J F Spann
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The status of systolic left ventricular (LV) performance in patients with isolated mitral stenosis (MS) is controversial.Potential alterations in LV architecture as well as loading conditions may have complex effects on LV ejection performance and muscle function.Therefore, we determined hemody- namic and angiographic LV ejection indexes (ejection fraction [EF], velocity of circumferential fiber shortening [Vcf] and stroke work index [SWI]), the level of preload (end-diastolic volume index [EDVII), afterload (end-systolic wall stress [ESS]), and an index of LV contractile function thought to be independent of loading conditions (end-systolic wall stress/end-systolic volume index [ESS/ESVI]) in nine normal sub- jects and 16 patients with isolated MS.Although the EF in patients with MS (0.59 ± 0.03) was not statistically different from that in normal subjects (0.66 ± 0.04) (mean ± SEM), 31% of MS patients had an EF < 0.50.Vcf was lower in MS patients than in normal subjects (1.01 ± 0.06 vs 1.32 ± 0.10 sec-1, p < 0.01), as were SWI (45.0 ± 2.9 vs 69.1 ± 3.9 g-m/m2 p < 0.001) and EDVI (71.3 ± 5.2 vs 93.0 ± 3.9 ml/M2 p < 0.005).End-systolic volume index (ESVI) was similar in MS patients and normal subjects (29.5 ± 3.6 vs 33.0 ± 3.6 ml/m2), whereas stroke volume index (SVI) was lower in MS patients (41.8 ± 2.8 vs 61.6 ± 4.4 ml/M2 p < 0.001).On the basis of ejection performance, MS patients were divided into two groups.Patients with normal ejection perform- ance (MSNEP) had EF > 0.50 and Vcf > 1.00 sec-1.Patients with reduced ejection performance (MSREP) had EF < 0.50 or Vcf < 1.00 sec'1.MSREP patients had higher ESS (157 ± 19 dyn * 103/cm2) than MSNEP (107 ± 11 dyn -103/cm2) (p < 0.025), yet EDVI was similar in MSREP (70.6 ± 7.8 ml/m2) and MSNEP (72.0 ± 7.3 mI/M2).ESS/ESVI in MS patients was not different from that in normal subjects (5.3 ± 0.5 vs 5.2 ± 0.8 dyn -103_m2/cm5).Even four of five MS patients with EF < 0.50 and all six MS patients with Vcf < 1.00 sec'l had a normal ESS/ESVI.We conclude that MS patients as a group have reduced ejection performance and reduced preload.The reduction in ejection performance is due to increased afterload without adequate Frank-Starling compensation.LV muscle function, however, is normal in most MSREP patients.
Effect of receiving a heart transplant: analysis of a national cohort entered on to a waiting list, stratified by heart failure severity Commentary: Time for a controlled trial?
Authors: M. C Deng, J. M J De Meester, J. M A Smits, J. Heinecke, H. H Scheld, T. Treasure, A. Murday
Journal: BMJ (2000)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective:</b> To determine whether there is a survival benefit associated with cardiac transplantation in Germany. <b>Design:</b> Prospective observational cohort study. <b>Setting:</b> All 889 adult patients listed for a first heart transplant in Germany in 1997. <b>Main outcome measure:</b> Mortality, stratified by heart failure severity. <b>Results:</b> Within 1 year after listing, patients with a predicted high risk had the highest global death rate (51% <i>v</i> 32% and 29% for medium and low risk patients respectively; P&lt;0.0001), had the highest risk of dying on the waiting list (32% <i>v</i> 20% and 20%; P=0.0003), and were more likely to receive a transplant (48% <i>v</i> 45% and 41%; P=0.01). Differences between the risk groups in outcome after transplantation did not reach significance (P=0.2). Transplantation was not associated with a reduction in mortality risk for the total cohort, but it did provide a survival benefit for the high risk group. <b>Conclusion:</b> Cardiac transplantation in Germany is currently associated with a survival benefit only in patients with a predicted high risk of dying on the waiting list. Patients with a predicted low or medium risk have no reduction in mortality risk associated with transplantation; they should be managed with organ saving approaches rather than transplantation.
Quantitative HBV-DNA testing as an early predictor of the maintenance of response during lamivudine therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: M. Buti, J.F. Sánchez-Avila, M. Cotrina, R. Jardi, F. Rodríguez-Frías, X. Costa, R. Esteban, J. Guardia
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2001)
Early nonresponse to fluoxetine as a predictor of poor 8-week outcome
Authors: Andrew A. Nierenberg, Nancy E. McLean, Jonathan E. Alpert, John J. Worthington, Jerrold F. Rosenbaum, Maurizio Fava
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1995)

The purpose of this study was to quantify the proportion of patients who show no response to a fixed dose of fluoxetine after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of treatment and then respond by week 8.In an open trial, 143 outpatients who met DSM-III-R criteria for major depressive disorder were treated with a regimen of fluoxetine, 20 mg/day. The authors analyzed the proportion of patients who had less than a 20% decrease from baseline in their scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression after 2, 4, and 6 weeks and who went on to have a 50% or greater reduction by week 8. A last-observation-carried-forward strategy was used to calculate conditional probabilities of 8-week response. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to estimate probabilities of response at week 8 given degrees of response at week 2.Eighty-two subjects (57.3%) who started the trial responded by week 8. Of those subjects who showed no improvement at weeks 2, 4, and 6, the proportions of responders at week 8 were 36.4%, 18.9%, and 6.5%, respectively. The Kaplan-Meier estimate of 8-week response given nonresponse at week 2 was 0.45.The proportion of patients with no response to antidepressant treatment by 4 or 6 weeks who responded by week 8 was substantially less than that for subjects who had at least a partial response. Nonresponse as early as week 2 predicted 8-week outcome.
Role of the Erythropoietin Receptor in ETV6/RUNX1-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Andrea Inthal, Gerd Krapf, Dominik Beck, Ruth Joas, Max O. Kauer, Lukas Orel, Gerhard Fuka, Georg Mann, E. Renate Panzer-Grümayer
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2008)

Abstract Purpose: We explored the mechanisms leading to the distinct overexpression of EPOR as well as the effects of EPO signaling on ETV6/RUNX1-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemias. Experimental Design: ETV6/RUNX1-expressing model cell lines and leukemic cells were used for real-time PCR of EPOR expression. Proliferation, viability, and apoptosis were analyzed on cells exposed to EPO, prednisone, or inhibitors of EPOR pathways by [3H]thymidine incorporation, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, and Annexin V/propidium iodide staining. Western blot analysis was done to detect activation of signaling proteins. Serum EPO levels and sequences of the EPOR (n = 53) as well as hemoglobin levels were taken from children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia enrolled in Austrian protocols. Results: We show here that ectopic expression of ETV6/RUNX1 induced EPOR up-regulation. Anemia, however, did not appear to influence EPOR expression on leukemic cells, although children with ETV6/RUNX1-positive leukemias had a lower median hemoglobin than controls. Exposure to EPO increased proliferation and survival of ETV6/RUNX1-positive leukemias in vitro, whereas blocking its binding site did not alter cell survival. The latter was not caused by activating mutations in the EPOR but might be triggered by constitutive activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt, the major signaling pathway of EPOR in these cells. Moreover, prednisone-induced apoptosis was attenuated in the presence of EPO in this genetic subgroup. Conclusions: Our data suggest that ETV6/RUNX1 leads to EPOR up-regulation and that activation by EPO might be of relevance to the biology of this leukemia subtype. Further studies are, however, needed to assess the clinical implications of its apoptosis-modulating properties.
Letter: Nandrolone in anorexia nervosa
Authors: L. Tec
Journal: JAMA (1974)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
The Resource-Based Relative Value Scale-Reply
Authors: William C. Hsiao
Journal: JAMA (1989)

<h3>In Reply. —</h3> In response to Dr Wilkinson, the Resource-Based Relative Value Scale (RBRVS) is not a set of prices but relative values that physicians and payers can use as an objective base for examining prices or establishing reimbursement. We agree that the competency of individual physicians is of great importance, but we believe that methods for measuring differences in quality of care are not sufficiently developed for incorporation into relative values at the present time. The underlying premise of the study, that prices in a well-functioning market approach resource costs, deals with inputs. Drs Wilkinson and Poterack each address the issue of outcomes, one from the vantage point of a neurosurgeon and the other apparently from that of a pediatrician. We have endeavored to make our view of issue of health outcomes very clear, addressing it in the section on "Scope and Limitations" in our overview article.<sup>1</sup>We
Reversibility of Hepatic Fibrosis in Autoimmune Hepatitis
Authors: Jean-Francois Dufour
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Background: Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis occur in many types of chronic liver injury and generally seem to be irreversible. Objective: To determine whether cirrhosis caused by autoimmune hepatitis can be reversible. Design: Retrospective study. Patients: Eight patients with autoimmune hepatitis and cirrhosis who responded to medical therapy and had follow-up liver biopsy while in clinical and biochemical remission. Measurements: Biopsy specimens were randomly coded in an unpaired manner according to patient and were read independently by two pathologists using the Knodell scoring system. Results: The median alanine aminotransferase level decreased from 10.30 µkat/L to 0.37 µkat/L, the median serum bilirubin level decreased from 70 µmol/L to 10 µmol/L, and the median serum albumin level increased from 34 g/L to 43 g/L. Cirrhosis, extensive fibrosis, or both were present in all patients at diagnosis but were not present on follow-up liver biopsy. The median Knodell score decreased from 14.0 to 1.3, and the median fibrosis score decreased from 3.3 to 0.8. Conclusion: Hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis may be reversible in some patients in whom autoimmune hepatitis responds to treatment.
Leucocyte typing, cytokine expression, and epithelial turnover in the ileal pouch in patients with ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis.
Authors: P A Goldberg, F Herbst, C G Beckett, B Martelli, M Kontakou, I C Talbot, P J Ciclitira, R J Nicholls
Journal: Gut (1996)

BACKGROUND/AIMS--Conventional histopathology, leucocyte typing, cytokine mRNA expression, and crypt cell turnover were compared in ileal pouch biopsy specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). METHODS--Biopsy specimens were taken from 17 patients with UC and seven with FAP at a median interval of 19 months (range 2-120) after ileostomy closure. All contained both epithelium and lamina propria. Cryostat sections were stained for lymphocyte subtypes (CD3, CD4, CD8), macrophages (CD68), common leucocyte antigen (CD45), and Ki-67, using a three stage immunoperoxidase reaction. Cytokine mRNA expression for interleukins 2 and 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and interferon gamma was studied using an in situ hybridisation technique. RESULTS--Lymphocyte subtype and macrophage populations in epithelium and lamina propria were similar in UC and FAP. The labelling index (Ki-67) was significantly increased in biopsy specimens from patients with UC (UC median = 43.3 (interquartile range (IQR) 38.9-48.2) v FAP 34.9 (29.9-35.2), p &lt; 0.05). There was little or no epithelial mRNA expression for any cytokine in any of the specimens. Lamina propria mRNA expression for interleukin 2 was significantly increased in UC (UC median (IQR) 10.7 (5.4-14.2) cells per unit area v FAP 2.8 (1.5-6.6) p &lt; 0.05) but not for tumour necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6, and interferon gamma. CONCLUSIONS--While static morphological assessment (leucocyte type, conventional histopathological examination) was similar, tests of cell function (mRNA expression and labelling index) were different in ileal pouches in patients with UC compared with FAP. The study also showed that mRNA expression occurred almost entirely in the lamina propria.
Patients' self administration of hydrocortisone.
Authors: G D Braatvedt, P G Newrick, R J Corrall
Journal: BMJ (1990)

f?rM<<71990;301:1312 Properly managed, Addison's disease carries a normal life expectancy.12 The only related risk of death is inadequate glucocorticoid replacement treatment at times of illness or other stresses; this can lead to an adrenal crisis. All patients should know how to adjust their steroid dose when they are ill, and they should know which illnesses require such adjustment. We believe that all patients should have a supply of injectable hydrocortisone at home and be able to give themselves an injection if vomiting persists or if there is delay in obtaining medical attention. As it is the policy of our unit to instruct all patients in these matters we audited our patients to determine their knowledge.
“Non-Sweet” Diabetes of Pregnancy
Authors: Alan G. Robinson, Janet A. Amico
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1991)

Both clinicians and pregnant women know that pregnancy is typically accompanied by a change in the pattern of micturition, due to the pressure of an enlarging uterus on the adjacent bladder. This change in the pattern of voiding, which is characterized by the frequent and often urgent need to void small volumes of urine, is regarded by patients and physicians as a normal aspect of pregnancy. In contradistinction, when pregnancy is accompanied by the excretion of copious volumes of urine (polyuria), excessive thirst, and the ingestion of large volumes of fluid (polydipsia), a pathologic condition must be suspected, as Iwasaki . . .
Fetal Immune Responses in Congenital Infection
Authors: Arthur M. Silverstein
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1972)

The mammalian fetus generally enjoys a high degree of protection from infectious organisms in its isolated intrauterine environment, and is not often called upon to demonstrate its immunologic capabilities. But it is becoming increasingly apparent that immunologic maturation proceeds quietly during an appreciable portion of the gestational period in many species, including man, presumably in preparation for the time when the newborn infant will have to depend upon its own resources in a highly contaminated world.1 In addition to "tooling up" its immunologic potential, the developing organism is simultaneously turning off its capacity to respond to the antigens then present, . . .
Characterization of a novel HHV-8-positive cell line reveals implications for the pathogenesis and cell cycle control of primary effusion lymphoma
Authors: A Carbone, AM Cilia, A Gloghini, D Capello, L Fassone, T Perin, D Rossi, V Canzonieri, P De Paoli, E Vaccher, U Tirelli, R Volpe, G Gaidano
Journal: Leukemia (2000)
Peptide-induced immune regulation by a promiscuous and immunodominant CD4T-cell epitope of Timothy grass pollen: a role of Cbl-b and Itch in regulation
Authors: Stephen J Till, Eleanor J Raynsford, Catherine J Reynolds, Kathryn J Quigley, Agnieszka Grzybowska-Kowalczyk, Lavina R Saggar, Andrea Goldstone, Bernard Maillere, William W Kwok, Daniel M Altmann, Stephen R Durham, Rosemary J Boyton
Journal: Thorax (2013)

<h3>Background</h3> T-cell targeted peptide epitope tolerogens from grass pollen allergens may be useful in treating seasonal allergic rhinitis, but there is urgent need for optimisation of approaches from improved understanding of mechanism. <h3>Objective</h3> We sought to identify human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR1-restricted epitopes from the Timothy grass pollen allergen, <i>Phleum pratense</i>, and characterise T-cell immune regulation following intranasal administration of a single, immunodominant epitope. <h3>Methods</h3> T-cell epitopes within <i>P pratense</i> were identified using HLA-DR1 transgenic mice and tetramer-guided epitope mapping (TGEM) in HLA-DR1-positive individuals with grass allergy. An immunodominant epitope was tested in HLA-DR1 transgenics for impact on responses to whole Phl p5 b or peptide. Microarrays and quantitative PCR were used to characterise T-cell immunity. <h3>Results</h3> Peptide 26 (p26) was identified in HLA-DR1 transgenic mice and by TGEM analysis of HLA-DR1-positive individuals with grass allergy. p26 shows promiscuous binding to a wide range of HLA class II alleles, making it of relevance across immunogenetically diverse patients. The epitope is conserved in rye and velvet grass, making it applicable across a spectrum of grass pollen allergy. Intranasal pretreatment of mice with p26 results in significantly reduced T-cell responses. Transcriptomic array analysis in mice showed T-cell regulation in the intranasal treatment group associated with increased expression of members of the Cbl-b and Itch E3 ubiquitin ligase pathway. <h3>Conclusions</h3> We defined an immunodominant <i>P pratense</i> epitope, p26, with broad binding across multiple HLA class II alleles. Intranasal treatment of mice with p26 results in T-cell regulation to whole allergen, involving the Cbl-b and Itch regulatory pathway.
AB0505 Relationships between Serum Levels of Chemokines in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients
Authors: A. Hrycek
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2014)

<h3>Background</h3> Chemokines play an important role in the development of inflammatory conditions and progression of autoimmune disease such as SLE (1, 2). As it is accepted that a combination of biomarkers would be much more useful for diagnosis and monitoring of diseases course than a single biomarker (3) I assume that a suitable combination of chemokines determined simultaneously might be used to monitor the course and progression of SLE. <h3>Objectives</h3> The objective of the study was the assessment of the relationships between serum concentrations of selected chemokines in the treated patients with SLE. <h3>Methods</h3> In 48 women with SLE and in the control group (29 healthy women) using the commercially available ELISA kits the following chemokines were tested: MCP-1 (CCL2), SDF-1 (CXCL12), IP-10 (CXCL10), IL-8 (CXCL8), RANTES (CCL5), BLC (CXCL13) and the relationships between them were analyzed by the Spearman9s correlation coefficient. <h3>Results</h3> In SLE patients the investigations revealed a moderate positive correlation between MCP-1 and SDF-1 and moderate negative correlation between MCP-1 and IL-8 and also positive correlation between SDF-1 and IP-10. In the control group any statistically significant correlations were not found. <h3>Conclusions</h3> Taking into consideration the lack of associations between serum levels of determined chemokines in the control group it is believed that investigations should be continued in SLE patients, especially before and during therapy, to determine the significance of the obtained results for diagnosis and effectiveness of applied therapy in this disease. <h3>References</h3> Alzawawy A., et al.:Intern J Rheum Dis 2009; 12:311-318. Lima G., et al.: Hum Immunol 2007; 68:980-985. Kong KO., et al.: Clin Exp Immunol 2009; 156:134-140. <h3>Disclosure of Interest</h3> None declared <h3>DOI</h3> 10.1136/annrheumdis-2014-eular.1301
Clinical Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism
Authors: Leonard B. Berman
Journal: JAMA (1980)

In his foreword to the first edition of this book in 1962, Homer Smith described its 512 pages as "monumental." The present third edition of 1,616 pages with twice as many words per page has created a problem. What do you call a monument that has increased its size by 600%? Expensive for one thing and heavy for another. A calm perusal of this leviathan discloses several textbooks stitched together, many of which are thoroughly admirable and a few of which seem distinctly foreign to clinical disorders of fluid and electrolyte metabolism. Its 30 chapters range from a thermodynamic discussion of body water, to kidney function in fish and other creatures, to detailed descriptions of fluid and electrolyte metabolism in various clinical states. Three thoughts came into my mind as I surveyed (ie, I did not carefully read) this volume. First, there are several excellent and valuable chapters not readily
Human Papillomavirus and Papanicolaou Tests to Screen for Cervical Cancer
Authors: Pontus Naucler, Walter Ryd, Sven Törnberg, Anders Strand, Göran Wadell, Kristina Elfgren, Thomas Rådberg, Björn Strander, Bo Johansson, Ola Forslund, Bengt-Göran Hansson, Eva Rylander, Joakim Dillner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Screening for cervical cancer based on testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) increases the sensitivity of detection of high-grade (grade 2 or 3) cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, but whether this gain represents overdiagnosis or protection against future high-grade cervical epithelial neoplasia or cervical cancer is unknown.
Regulation of NMDA receptor trafficking by amyloid-β
Authors: Eric M Snyder, Yi Nong, Claudia G Almeida, Surojit Paul, Timothy Moran, Eun Young Choi, Angus C Nairn, Michael W Salter, Paul J Lombroso, Gunnar K Gouras, Paul Greengard
Journal: Nature Neuroscience (2005)