tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Isolation of Polyomavirus-Induced Surface Antigens of Mouse Cells: Affinity Chromatography and Biologic Activities&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Y Barra, O de Lapeyrière, J Planche
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1979)

Tumor-specific transplantation antigen (TSTA) and polyomavirus-induced tumor-associated surface antigen (TASA) were isolated from polyomavirus-transformed BALB/c mouse cells with the use of 3-M KCl solubilization and affinity chromatography on antibody-coated Sepharose 4B. Particular conditions were chosen for removal of the nonspecifically bound proteins from the gel. Under these conditions, the ratio between the amounts of crude extract and specifically bound proteins giving the same TASA activity was about 5,000. Mice inoculated with this material were protected against tumor challenge. We therefore assume that TSTA is a part of TASA. Furthermore, these antigens can be dissociated from the major histocompatibility antigens.
Home based therapy combined with self management plans reduces re-admission rates for COPD
Authors: Angshu Bhowmik, Matthew Hodson
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The UK NHS recommends that hospitals take responsibility for patients readmitted within 30 days of discharge. We explored the impact on readmission rates of our “acute COPD early response service” (ACERS), comprising specialist nurses and physiotherapists with medical input from a respiratory physician.

The ACERS provided daily hospital-at-home therapy. Domiciliary case-management including self-management plans and rescue packs were provided after the acute therapy period. We measured 30-day and 90-day readmission rates following an admission for exacerbation of COPD over two years starting November 2009, just after the team commenced work, to estimate the impact on readmission rates. The rates between the two years were compared using Fisher's exact test.

In the first year, 330 patients were discharged following an exacerbation of COPD. Of these, 58 (17.6%) were readmitted within 30 days and 82 (24.8%) within 90 days. In the second year, there were 271 discharges. The 30 day readmission rate was significantly lower than in the first year at 26 (9.6%) (p=0.006) and the 90 day readmission rate was 45 (16.6%) which was also significantly lower (p=0.016). The month-by-month 30-day readmission rates were generally lower during the second year.

![Figure][1] 



Conclusion 

A dedicated specialist hospital-at-home team for COPD may reduce 30-day and 90-day readmission rates following a hospital admission for COPD exacerbation.

 [1]: pending:yes
Abstract 16086: Simvastatin Treatment Inhibits Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1-Alpha-(Hif-1Alpha)-Prolyl-4-Hydroxylase 3 (phd-3) and Increases Angiogenesis in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Myocardium
Authors: Mahesh Thirunavukkarasu, Lijun Zhan, Ram Sudheer Adluri, Juan A Sanchez, Nilanjana Maulik
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors), are known to improve cardiac function in diabetes-induced cardiovascular disease as a result of their antioxidant capacities. Oxidative stress plays a key ro...
Role of respiratory and cardiovascular disease as a motivational factor for smoking cessation
Authors: Oana Claudia Deleanu, Teodora Alexandru, Ruxandra Ulmeanu, Oana Maria Udrea, Ion Mierlus-Mazilu, Stefan Mihaicuta, Florin Dumitru Mihaltan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale:  Smokers with tobacco-related disorders are more motivated to give up smoking than healthy smokers, but comparative data about the influence of each pathology type on motivation is still insufficient.   Methods:  We studied the behavior of persons with a history of smoking, healthy/sick with cardiovascular (CVD)/respiratory (RD) tobacco-related disease, using 2 questionnaires-for former smokers/active smokers regarding motivation, preparation status for quitting, health status, degree of nicotin-addiction, quitting history, determinant factors for tobacco consumption. We use Excel (chi, T tests).   Results:  240 persons were interviewed: 83 women/157 men, mean age 47±16.2 years; 124 active/116 former smokers. Disease present 43.6% of active smokers (53.7% CVD, 42.6% RD, 3.7% both) and 68.1% of former (32.9% CVD, 44 3% RD, 22.8% both) (p=0.0001). Those with RD and both diseases are more former smokers (p=0.0038). Healthy smokers cannot refrain from first cigarette (55.6%, p=0.001). 69% of smokers with CVD want to quit smoking, but only 38% are in the action-phase, vs 65% of those with RD - 61% in the action-phase (p=0.005). 95.8% of respondents believe that smoking can cause a disease, mostly ill patients (p = 0.0001), who saw smoking as the cause of their illness (p=0.005) (especially those with RD and both p=0.036). Patients with RD/both diseases are more determined to quit (p=0.003).   Conclusions:  The most motivated and ready to quit smokers are the respondents with a disease, especially respiratory. Medical staff should focus attention on ill patients and “personalized” programs must be developed for those with cardiovascular disorders.
Usefulness of endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath for diagnosing ground glass opacity lesions
Authors: Yasuyuki Ikezawa, Naofumi Shinagawa, Taichi Takashina, Kenichiro Ito, Iki Ogura, Yutaka Takeuchi, Noriyuki Yamada, Hajime Asahina, Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Satoshi Oizumi, Kosuke Nakano, Noriaki Sukoh, Masaharu Nishimura
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background and purpose: It is often hard to diagnose ground glass opacity (GGO) lesions by transbronchial biopsy (TBB), because of difficulty in detecting the site of the lesions under X-ray fluoroscopy. We have reported the usefulness of TBB using endobronchial ultrasonography with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) for small peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPLs). EBUS-GS has an advantage to detect the location of PPLs. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the diagnostic yield of GGO lesions by EBUS-GS and examined of lesions which might influence the diagnostic yield.

Patients and methods: Between August 2003 and December 2007, we performed EBUS-GS for a total of 67 GGO lesions in Hokkaido University Hospital and Hokkaido Cancer Center.

Results: Of the 67 lesions (11 pure GGO lesions and 56 mixed GGO lesions, which consist of GGO components more than 50%), 43 (64%) were not visible by conventional X-ray fluoroscopy. Thirty-eight lesions were diagnosed by TBB with EBUS-GS (36 adenocarcinoma, 1 lymphoma and 1 inflammation). The average size of lesions with diagnosis was significantly larger than that of lesions without definitive diagnosis. (23.9mm vs. 16.7mm; P<0.01) For lesions with bronchus leading directly to the center of the lesions on high-resolution computed tomography images (positive CT sign), the diagnostic yield was significantly higher than lesions with negative CT sign. (31% vs. 66%; P < 0.01)

Conclusion: EBUS-GS is a useful method for diagnosing GGO lesions. However, failure of diagnosis is associated with the lesions in smaller size and/or with negative CT sign.
Vitamin D deficiency and delayed sputum smear conversion in pulmonary TB in Pakistan
Authors: Kashaf Junaid, Abdul Rehman, Tahir Saeed
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Tuberculosis constitutes a major health problem in developing country like Pakistan. There are many factors that contribute in development of drug resistant TB and late sputum smear conversion and most important is the immunity. It has been proven in many studies proved, Vitamin D has a strong immunomodulator effect and vitamin D receptor (VDR) increases the expression of certain antimycobacterial compound in macrophages called cathecidilin. The aim of this study was to compare the degree of vitamin D insufficiency (VDI) and vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in TB patients and delay in sputum conversion for AFB.

Method: Serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D3 level has been measured by EIA in 100 blood samples obtained from active PTB patients with no co-morbidity and meanwhile sputum smear conversion for Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been examined after every two weeks till sputum converted negative for AFB.

Results: Out of 100 TB patients, 67 were female and 33 male, patients were categorized in three groups 62 were new, 29 retreatment and 9 MDR TB cases. Results showed vitamin D deficiency in 51%, vitamin D insufficiency in 46% and sufficient level of vitamin D in 3%. 57 cases showed delayed sputum conversion and 43 showed early. Significant p-value (0.00) indicated an important association between level of vitamin D and sputum smear conversion time.

Conclusion: Most of the TB patients in Pakistan have hypovitaminosis D and that found to be a strong factor in delayed sputum conversion.

Genetics of VDR polymorphism of these patients is under study.
A randomized phase II study of ganetespib, a heat shock protein 90 inhibitor, in combination with docetaxel in second-line therapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (GALAXY-1)
Authors: S. Ramalingam, G. Goss, R. Rosell, G. Schmid-Bindert, B. Zaric, Z. Andric, I. Bondarenko, D. Komov, T. Ceric, F. Khuri, M. Samarzija, E. Felip, T. Ciuleanu, V. Hirsh, T. Wehler, J. Spicer, R. Salgia, G. Shapiro, E. Sheldon, F. Teofilovici, V. Vukovic, D. Fennell
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2015)
Lung function, genetics and socioeconomic conditions
Authors: Philip H. Quanjer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2015)

It has long been known [1] that, when comparing subjects of the same age and height, African ancestry is associated with 12–20% smaller forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) than European ancestry. Both smaller and larger differences have been reported in studies of other ethnic groups. This has led to numerous efforts to explain the underlying reason for these ethnic differences. In this issue of the European Respiratory Journal , Menezes et al . [2] present the results of a detailed and carefully conducted study that significantly advances our understanding. Because of the complexity of the problem and the large number of relevant publications, the references below are inevitably selective. Genetics and epigenetics affect body frame, accounting for lung function differences between Europeans and Africans <http://ow.ly/LUIff>
First direct detection of rickettsial pathogens and a new rickettsia, 'Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae', in ticks from Sardinia, Italy
Authors: A. Mum, G. Masala, S. Tola, G. Satta, F. Fois, P. Pirns, J.-M. Rolain, D. Raoult, P. Parola
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2008)
Abstract 13869: Self-Rated Health Predicts Healthcare Utilization in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Alanna M Chamberlain, Sheila M McNallan, Shannon M Dunlay, John A Spertus, Debra K Moser, Susan A Weston, Margaret M Redfield, Veronique L Roger
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Low self-reported physical functioning, as assessed by the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), predicts increased healthcare utilization in primary care. However, the utility of a...
Stratum corneum lipids, skin barrier function and filaggrin mutations in patients with atopic eczema
Authors: J. M. Jungersted, H. Scheer, M. Mempel, H. Baurecht, L. Cifuentes, J. K. Høgh, L. I. Hellgren, G. B. E. Jemec, T. Agner, S. Weidinger
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article : Jungersted JM, Scheer H, Mempel M, Baurecht H, Cifuentes L, Høgh JK, Hellgren LI, Jemec GBE, Agner T, Weidinger S. Stratum corneum lipids, skin barrier function and filaggrin mutations in patients with atopic eczema. Allergy 2010; 65 : 911–918. Abstract Background: Prior to the discovery of filaggrin ( FLG ) mutations, evidence for an impaired skin barrier in atopic dermatitis (AD) has been documented, and changes in ceramide profile, altered skin pH and increased trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) in patients with AD have been reported. Until now, no studies have analysed stratum corneum (SC) lipids combined with skin barrier parameters in subjects of known FLG genotype. Methods: A cohort of 49 German individuals genotyped for the most common FLG mutations (R501X, 2282del4) had SC samples taken for lipid analysis by high‐performance thin layer chromatography. In addition, TEWL, erythema, skin hydration and pH were measured. In 27 of the 49 individuals, a 24‐h irritation patch test with sodium lauryl sulphate was performed. For the analysis, both the AD group and the control group were stratified by FLG mutation status ( FLG mut/ FLG wt). Results: In the FLG mut AD group, significantly lower levels of ceramide 4 and significantly higher levels of ceramide 7 were observed when compared to both healthy control groups. However, ceramide 7 levels also significantly differed between FLG wt AD and FLG wt controls, as did ceramide 1 levels. No significant differences were observed for ceramide 2, 3, 5 and 6. FLG mut individuals had significantly higher skin pH values than individuals not carrying FLG mutations. Patients with AD with FLG mutations had significantly higher erythema compared to patients with AD without FLG mutations. Conclusion: Our results confirm previous observations of altered ceramide levels in AD, which however appear to show no clear relationship with FLG mutations.
Newly identified respiratory viruses associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in Lanzou, China, from 2006 to 2009
Authors: Y. Jin, R.-F. Zhang, Z.-P. Xie, K.-L. Yan, H.-C. Gao, J.-R. Song, X.-H. Yuan, W.-X. Cheng, Y.-D. Hou, Z.-J. Duan
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2011)
Secondary syphilis and the nephrotic syndrome.
Authors: W Hunte, F al-Ghraoui, R J Cohen
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1993)

A case of nephrotic syndrome in a 21-yr-old black man with secondary syphilis and diabetes mellitus is described. A renal biopsy was performed, which showed membranous glomerulopathy stage I associated with mesangial hyperplasia and mesangial deposits. The clinical course and the histologic findings, compatible with syphilitic nephropathy, are offered to remind internists (nephrologists) that sexually transmitted diseases, like syphilis or hepatitis B, in addition to human immunodeficiency virus, can have important renal manifestations.
Abstract 362: Dysregulation of CPT2 Splicing in Diabetic Heart Disease
Authors: Elizabeth Jaworski, Curtis Nutter, Sunil Verma, Vaibhav Deshmukh, Muge Kuyumucu-Martinez
Journal: Circulation Research (2014)

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases that are caused by elevated blood glucose levels. Individuals with diabetes have an increased risk of cardiovascular complications that include diabetic cardiomyopathy, hypertension, and coronary artery disease. Research has shown that hyperglycemia causes metabolic abnormalities in the heart such that cardiomyocytes are unable to utilize glucose for energy production due to reduced glucose intake, instead they solely depend on fatty acid oxidation for energy. Eventually, fatty acids accumulate and cause cardiac lipotoxicity, a presumed factor in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Carnitine Pamitoyl Transferease 2 (CPT2) is one of the enzymes responsible for the transport of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria for fatty acid oxidation and energy production. CPT2 activity is elevated in diabetic hearts by mechanisms that are unclear. CPT2 is composed of 5 exons; the largest, exon 4 contains the transferase domain and is alternatively spliced in diabetes. In normal hearts, half of the CPT2 transcripts include exon 4 representing the active form of the enzyme. Through RNA sequencing analysis assay, we discovered that CPT2 is mis-spliced in diabetic hearts in a way that 70% of total CPT2 transcripts include the functional domain exon 4. The splicing change in CPT2 results in increased expression of the active CPT2 isoform in diabetic hearts. In summary, we identified a functionally important alternative splicing event in the CPT2 gene that may contribute to increased fatty acid oxidation and lipotoxicity in the diabetic heart.
Analysis of distribution and severity of inflammation in patients with osteoarthitis compared to rheumatoid arthritis by ICG-enhanced fluorescence optical imaging and musculoskeletal ultrasound: a pilot study
Authors: A-M Glimm, S G Werner, G R Burmester, M Backhaus, S Ohrndorf
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2015)

In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), hand synovitis appears especially in wrist, metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints. In hand osteoarthritis (OA), potential inflammatory changes are mainly present in PIP and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints. Joint inflammation can be visualised by fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) and musculoskeletal ultrasound (US).Comparison of the amount and distribution of inflammatory signs in wrist and finger joints of the clinically dominant hand in patients with OA and RA by FOI and gray-scale (GSUS) and power Doppler US (PDUS).FOI and GSUS/PDUS were performed in 1.170 joints (wrists, MCP, PIP, DIP) in 90 patients (67 RA, 23 OA). Joint inflammation was graded by a semiquantitative score (0-3) for each imaging method.GSUS/PDUS showed wrist and MCP joints mostly affected in RA. DIP joints were graded higher in OA. In FOI, RA and OA featured inflammatory changes in the respective joint groups depending on the phase of fluorescence dye flooding.US and FOI detected inflammation in both RA and OA highlighting the inflammatory component in the course of OA. The different inflammatory patterns and various shapes of fluorescence enhancement in FOI may offer opportunities to distinguish and determine the inflammatory status in both diseases.
European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine 2015 guidelines for post-resuscitation care
Authors: Jerry P. Nolan, Jasmeet Soar, Alain Cariou, Tobias Cronberg, Véronique R. M. Moulaert, Charles D. Deakin, Bernd W. Bottiger, Hans Friberg, Kjetil Sunde, Claudio Sandroni
Journal: Intensive Care Medicine (2015)
Relationship between FVC and respiratory muscle strength in patients with amyotrophic Lateral sclerosis (ALS)
Authors: Guilherme Fregonezi, Palomma Russelly Saldanha Araújo, Tathiana Lindemberg Ferreira Macêdo, Mario Emilio, Selma Bruno, Vanessa Resqueti, Armele de Fátima Dornelas de Andrade
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim:The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and respiratory muscle strength in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) patients and healthy subjects. Methods: We study 31 ALS patients and 28 healthy subjects by spirometry and respiratory muscle strength assessment (PImax, PEmax and SNIP). Patients were classified in relation to FVC in two grades FVC ≥ 75%pred. or FVC
Remembering Death: Public Policy in the USA
Authors: Christine K Cassel, Beth Demel
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2001)

In 1997, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation funded the Last Acts project designed to educate the public, policymakers, and healthcare professionals on issues surrounding end-of-life care. The following precepts of palliative care, developed by the Last Acts Palliative Care Task Force, affirm a vision of better care:



Respecting patient goals, preferences and choices


Comprehensive caring


Utilizing the strengths of interdisciplinary resources


Acknowledging and addressing caregiver concerns


Building systems and mechanisms of support.
A case of welder's lung with a differential diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis
Authors: Ayse Baccioglu, Fusun Kalpaklioglu, Onder Bozdogan, Mikail Inal, Omur Gungor
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Welder9s lung is a rare occupational disease which is usually seen after chronic exposure to iron dust. This is a case with 2 exposures to cause lung disease as welding and pigeon feeder. A 43-year-old man with a dyspnoea, and cough was a welder for 20years, and had pigeons for 30 years. He had a predicted FEV 1  of 94%, predicted FEV 1 /FVC of 73%, diffusion lung capacity of 80%. He had mild hypoxemia (pO 2 =63mmHg). His chest radiograph showed a pattern of reticular-nodular opacities with equally dominant in all zones. High-resolution computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral, generalized, multiple centre-asiner micronodular opacities. A prediagnose of hypersensitivity pneumonitis was proposed with 3 major criteria (symptoms, radiology, exposure to pigeons) and minor criteria of hypoxemia. However, it was ruled out with continuing lung symptoms though avoidance from pigeons, no increase in symptoms nearby pigeons, and no lymphocytic/neutrophilic alveolitis in bronchial lavage, corticosteroid insensitivity in the event of no pulmonary fibrosis, no decrease in pulmonary function tests and diffusion lung capacity, and no crackles. A diagnosis of welder9s lung disease was done with occupational environment as iron dust particles, compatible chest CT pattern, and positive staining for ferritin (Prussian blue stain) in macrophages and outside cells of bronchial lavage fluid. His hypoxemia was improved even after partial bronchial washing. As a treatment, he was recommended to quit his job as well as smoking, and avoidance form pigeons since their exposure together might have a potential power to develop lung fibrosis, lung cancer, fungus ball, or asthma.
Combination of Chemotherapy and Gefitinib As First-Line Treatment of Patients with Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma and Sensitive Egfr Mutations: a Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: B. Jin, Y. Niu, Y. Zhang, T. Chu, A. Gu, J. Wu, J. Pei, L. Zhu, B. Han
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Relationship between cumulative anthracycline dose and late cardiotoxicity in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Authors: K Nysom, K Holm, S R Lipsitz, S M Mone, S D Colan, E J Orav, S E Sallan, J H Olsen, H Hertz, J R Jacobsen, S E Lipshultz
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Late anthrocycline cardiotoxicity after treatment for childhood cancer is common and often progressive. A safe anthracycline dose that will not result in late cardiac abnormalities has not been established due to the limited dose ranges used in existing studies. PATIENTS AND METHODS To determine the relationship between cumulative anthracycline dose and late cardiotoxicity, we performed echocardiograms on 189 survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia a median of 8.1 years (range, 2.0 to 23.4) after completion of anthracycline therapy. Patients were treated according to protocols that used widely varying cumulative anthracycline doses, but comparable nonanthracycline chemotherapy. Patients were divided into four groups based on the city of treatment and cumulative anthracycline dose: Copenhagen, 0 to 23 mg/m2 (n = 32); Boston, 45 mg/m2 (n = 17); Copenhagen, 73 to 301 mg/m2 (n = 53); and Boston, 244 to 550 mg/m2 (n = 87). Left ventricular dimension and fractional shortening were adjusted for sex and age or body-surface area through use of a control population (n = 296), and then compared among the four groups. RESULTS Mean left ventricular dimension was significantly increased in the high-dose Boston group (observed:predicted value, 4.57 cm:4.45 cm; P = .002) and significantly higher than in the two Copenhagen groups. In the three lower-dose groups, there was no significant increase in mean left ventricular dimension, and the groups were not significantly different from each other. Similarly, the mean left ventricular fractional shortening was significantly depressed in the high-dose Boston group (observed:predicted value, 29.0%:33.8%; P = .0001) and significantly lower than in the three lower-dose groups. CONCLUSION Depressed left ventricular fractional shortening and left ventricular dilatation were uncommon years after treatment of childhood leukemia when cumulative anthracycline doses were &lt; or = 300 mg/m2.