tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
AN IMPROVED TRACTION SHOE.
Authors: JOHN JOSEPH NUTT
Journal: JAMA (1907)

The successful treatment of Shaffer's foot, invariably, and of flatfoot, frequently, depends on the elongation of the gastrocnemius muscle. Compensation in the former condition, by means of a higher heeled shoe, and splinting the deformed foot with steel arches, in the latter condition, are measures which generally give relief, but of themselves are not curative. An active foot, with limitation of dorsal flexion, must suffer from the alteration of its mechanics. The changed disposition of the superincumbent weight and the abnormal points of resistance due to the restricted movements of the lever-arms, must, inevitably, cause such disturbances as result from pressure, i. e., corns, bunions, callosities, "ingrowing toe-nails" and Morton's toe and an alteration, or a tendency to an alteration, in the relations of the tarsal bones. Whether the foot becomes what is known as flat, or presents a higher arch than formerly, depends on the amount of limitation of
Effects of a new second generation calcium channel blocker, nilvadipine (FR34235), on exercise-induced hemodynamic changes in stable angina pectoris
Authors: Mitsuhiro Yokota, Masafumi Koide, Takashi Miyahara, Susumu Kamihara, Atsushi Tsunekawa, Shoji Noda, Iwao Sotobata
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1987)
Serum Uric Acid and Cholesterol Variability
Authors: Richard H. Rahe
Journal: JAMA (1968)

One-third (32 men) of a Navy Underwater Demolition Team training class was investigated by psychological assessment and serum uric acid and cholesterol determinations three times a week until they either withdrew from training or graduated. In general, significant elevations in serum uric acid levels occurred when trainees were eageriy taking on arduous activities with an optimistic attitude and determination to succeed. Significant elevations in serum cholesterol levels were seen in training situations in which the men felt overburdened by environmental variables, when they were relatively physically inactive, and, for selected individuals, when they failed portions of the training course.
Use of sildenafil (Viagra) in patients with cardiovascular disease
Authors: Melvin D. Cheitlin, Adolph M. Hutter, Ralph G. Brindis, Peter Ganz, Sanjay Kaul, Richard O. Russell, Randall M. Zusman, James S. Forrester, Pamela S. Douglas, David P. Faxon, John D. Fisher, Raymond J. Gibbons, Jonathan L. Halperin, Adolph M. Hutter, Judith S. Hochman, Sanjiv Kaul, William S. Weintraub, William L. Winters, Michael J. Wolk
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE ETIOLOGY OF TYPHUS FEVER
Authors: Peter K. Olitsky
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1922)

In the filtrates of typhus-infected tissues of guinea pigs can be occasionally found a substance which produces in these animals thermic reactions, lesions characteristic of experimental typhus, and, still less frequently, immunity to later injections of active virus. The general indications are that this substance is not a living organism.
Equipment for road accidents
Authors: W. J. Stanley
Journal: BMJ (1969)

BRnTnS 369 raises the point that the presence of the prune-belly syndrome in an older child should be unacceptable because it represents failure to apply early preventive treatment.In addition to the psychological and cos- metic benefit it might well be that the stronger abdominal wall would also be a positive advantage in the child's urinary dynamics.-Iam, etc.,
Diseases of the Uveal Tract
Authors: A. M. Potts
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In reviewing this book a major difficulty lies in establishing a basis for comparison. No single current volume deals with the material in comparable breadth and depth. Perhaps the best one can do is to compare this major work with two contemporary volumes. The portion about inflammatory disease may be compared with Wood's Endogenous Inflammations of the Uveal Tract , and the portion on uveal tumors with the corresponding section of Reese's Tumors of the Eye . In each of these comparisons the present book does very well indeed, and in addition, it has sections on general aspects of circulatory disturbances of the uvea, on inflammations of the uvea caused by known etiological agents, and a section on primary atrophies and dystrophies. Only in the last does this material plus that on congenital deformities from volume 3 come out second best in comparison to a work like that of Franceschetti, Francois, and
Response to Comment on: Holstein et al. Substantial Increase in Incidence of Severe Hypoglycemia Between 1997-2000 and 2007-2010: A German Longitudinal Population-Based Study. Diabetes Care 2012;35:972-975
Authors: A. Holstein
Journal: Diabetes Care (2012)

We thank Kerner and Volzke (1) for their interest in our study. It is correct that such population-based studies are extremely difficult to perform and need to be interpreted with caution. However, the authors neglect several crucial premises in interpreting data on frequency of severe hypoglycemia (SH).

In the cited studies from Scotland (2), Australia (3), and Germany (4,5) definitions of SH, methods of data collection, and differences in healthcare systems considerably skew the comparison. Our study, in contrast, used a precise and restrictive definition of SH as a symptomatic event requiring treatment with intravenous glucose and being confirmed by a blood glucose measurement of <50 mg/dL. Performing …
WHICH ECHOCARDIOGRAPHIC MARKER OF LEFT VENTRICULAR RESPONSE PREDICTS LONG TERM SURVIVAL AFTER RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY?
Authors: Olusegun Oyenuga, Stephanie C. Haberman, Tetsuari Onishi, Toshinari Onishi, Evan Adelstein, Samir Saba, John Gorcsan
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
137 VX-950: a tight-binding HCV protease inhibitor with a superior sustained inhibitory response in HCV replicon cells
Authors: K LIN, C GATES, Y LUONG, R PERNI, A KWONG
Journal: Hepatology (2003)

It has been suggested that HCV proteins, core, NS3/4A, NS4B, and NS5A, contribute to the resistance of HCV to IFN and ribavirin (RBV) treatments.To assess the effects of HCV amino acid variations in NS3, NS4A and NS4B of HCV subtypes 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b and 6f on the response to pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and RBV therapy.One hundred and thirty four HCV isolates of genotypes 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b and 6f obtained from HCV patients both before and at week 4 of treatments were evaluated. Amino acid sequences of NS3, NS4A and NS4B were analyzed and in compared to reference sequences of corresponding genotypes.The data revealed that amino acid variations within the full-length NS3, protease and helicase domains of NS3 of HCV 1a from responders were significantly higher than those from treatment failure groups as compared to reference sequences of each corresponding genotype. Similar results were observed in the full-length and helicase domain but not in the protease domain of HCV 1b. However, the number of amino acid variations in NS3 of HCV 3a, 3b and 6f as well as in NS4A and NS4B showed no difference between the viruses from responders and treatment failure group. Analysis of amino acid variations both before and at week 4 of treatment revealed that the mean number of amino acid variation in the full-length NS3 of HCV 3a and 3b from responders were also significantly higher than those from the treatment failure group.Our study suggests that the increase of amino acid variations within the NS3 protein of HCV 1a, 1b, 3a and 3b were associated with the response to Peg-IFN and RBV treatment in Thai patients.
Thoracoscopic Clipping of Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Authors: R P Burke, G Wernovsky
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

Figure 1. A continuous murmur heard on the 10th day of life in a 590-g infant delivered at 25 weeks' gestation led to the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus. The child had numerous medical problems, including hyaline membrane disease, renal dysfunction, sepsis, and intraventricular hemorrhages. High inspired-oxygen concentrations, high airway pressures, and inotropic support were required. A video-assisted thoracoscopic approach was used because the ductus did not close after treatment with indomethacin and the child was too small for a transcatheter procedure. A 4-mm video camera was placed in the left pleural space through a small stab wound (Panel A). . . .
... and hepatitis B immunisation
Authors: D. K. Murray
Journal: BMJ (2010)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To assess the efficacy of a progressive aerobic exercise training program on cognitive and everyday function among adults with mild subcortical ischemic vascular cognitive impairment (SIVCI). <h3>Methods:</h3> This was a proof-of-concept single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing a 6-month, thrice-weekly, progressive aerobic exercise training program (AT) with usual care plus education on cognitive and everyday function with a follow-up assessment 6 months after the formal cessation of aerobic exercise training. Primary outcomes assessed were general cognitive function (Alzheimer9s Disease Assessment Scale–Cognitive subscale [ADAS-Cog]), executive functions (Executive Interview [EXIT-25]), and activities of daily living (Alzheimer9s Disease Cooperative Study–Activities of Daily Living [ADCS-ADL]). <h3>Results:</h3> Seventy adults randomized to aerobic exercise training or usual care were included in intention-to-treat analyses (mean age 74 years, 51% female, n = 35 per group). At the end of the intervention, the aerobic exercise training group had significantly improved ADAS-Cog performance compared with the usual care plus education group (−1.71 point difference, 95% confidence interval [CI] −3.15 to −0.26, <i>p</i> = 0.02); however, this difference was not significant at the 6-month follow-up (−0.63 point difference, 95% CI −2.34 to 1.07, <i>p</i> = 0.46). There were no significant between-group differences at intervention completion and at the 6-month follow-up in EXIT-25 or ADCS-ADL performance. Examination of secondary measures showed between-group differences at intervention completion favoring the AT group in 6-minute walk distance (30.35 meter difference, 95% CI 5.82 to 54.86, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and in diastolic blood pressure (−6.89 mm Hg difference, 95% CI −12.52 to −1.26, <i>p</i> = 0.02). <h3>Conclusions:</h3> This study provides preliminary evidence for the efficacy of 6 months of thrice-weekly progressive aerobic training in community-dwelling adults with mild SIVCI, relative to usual care plus education. <h3>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:</h3> NCT01027858. <h3>Classification of evidence:</h3> This study provides Class II evidence that for adults with mild SIVCI, an aerobic exercise program for 6 months results in a small, significant improvement in ADAS-Cog performance.
Points from Letters: Lung Cancer
Authors: F. A. Evans
Journal: BMJ (1964)

Third Stage of Labour SIR,-Placental separation is a leisurely process and I cannot agree that it is usually complete very soon after the birth of the baby.Mr. D. G. Bonham (28 December, p. 1620) recommends that no woman should be allowed a normal third stage but that ergometrine should always be given with the crowning of the head.The spasm thus induced interferes with the normal mechanism of separation and predisposes to retention of the placenta.He would have us counter these evils by early cord traction.Thus he claims a reduction in the primary post-partum haemorrhage (P.P.H.) rate at a cost only of a rather smaller rise in the manual removal rate.So Homo sapiens knows best.Mother Nature should take a refresher course at U.C.H.Primary P.P.H. is defined as a loss of 568 ml. of " blood " during the first 24 hours.Any pupil midwife knows that the measured loss includes widely varying and often sub-
Anti-proteolytic capacity and bonding durability of proanthocyanidin-biomodified demineralized dentin matrix
Authors: Rui-Rui Liu, Ming Fang, Ling Zhang, Cheng-Fang Tang, Qi Dou, Ji-Hua Chen
Journal: International Journal of Oral Science (2014)

Our previous studies showed that biomodification of demineralized dentin collagen with proanthocyanidin (PA) for a clinically practical duration improves the mechanical properties of the dentin matrix and the immediate resin-dentin bond strength. The present study sought to evaluate the ability of PA biomodification to reduce collagenase-induced biodegradation of demineralized dentin matrix and dentin/adhesive interfaces in a clinically relevant manner. The effects of collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on PA-biomodified demineralized dentin matrix were analysed by hydroxyproline assay and gelatin zymography. Then, resin-/dentin-bonded specimens were prepared and challenged with bacterial collagenases. Dentin treated with 2% chlorhexidine and untreated dentin were used as a positive and negative control, respectively. Collagen biodegradation, the microtensile bond strengths of bonded specimens and the micromorphologies of the fractured interfaces were assessed. The results revealed that both collagenolytic and gelatinolytic activity on demineralized dentin were notably inhibited in the PA-biomodified groups, irrespective of PA concentration and biomodification duration. When challenged with exogenous collagenases, PA-biomodified bonded specimens exhibited significantly less biodegradation and maintained higher bond strengths than the untreated control. These results suggest that PA biomodification was effective at inhibiting proteolytic activity on demineralized dentin matrix and at stabilizing the adhesive/dentin interface against enzymatic degradation, is a new concept that has the potential to improve bonding durability.
False Positive Tests for Urinary Ketones
Authors: Beverly J. Holcombe, Angela M. Hopkins, William D. Heizer
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1994)

To the Editor: Patients receiving total parenteral nutrition may undergo routine bedside analysis of urine for glucose and ketones with the use of reagent strips (Ketodiastix, Labstix, or Multistix; Miles, Elkhart, Ind.). Two patients who had undergone urinary diversion procedures (creation of a Miami pouch and cecostomy) and were receiving total parenteral nutrition had positive tests for urinary ketones. Their serum glucose concentrations were less than 150 mg per deciliter; other causes of ketonuria were ruled out. Neither patient was receiving a medication known to interfere with this test1 (and Customer Service Department, Miles: personal communication). The serum of one . . .
They think it’s all over, but it may not be!
Authors: I M Cockerill
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2005)

Athletes of necessity retire early and often require help adjusting to their new life

It is evident that anyone required to perform at a high level in sport or other physically demanding occupation has a limited number of years before demands made on the body begin to take their toll, sometimes accompanied by difficulties of a psychological nature. Although there may be a good deal of informal support from family, friends, and perhaps even other athletes who have retired, in some sports there remain few initiatives devised specifically for those approaching the end of an athletic career. The issues raised and observations made in this article are based on selected research studies and also interviews with an elite amateur swimmer and a professional footballer. The former regularly devoted upwards of 25 hours a week to training and competition. In most instances the elite amateur has somehow to organise sport around a job, often full time, or study for academic and professional qualifications.

True, a few sports endeavour to assist retiring athletes in looking to the future, but they tend to be variable in both extent and content. A few professional associations—for example, the Professional Footballers’ Association and the Jockeys’ Association of Great Britain—operate as a catalyst to facilitate the transition process for their members, and both have proved successful in this endeavour. Some athletes make a seamless transition, whereas others struggle to adapt and are perhaps too proud to ask for help. After all, they may have been the focus of adulation for several years, and to realise that in the prime of life it is time to close the door on what you are best at is difficult to accept.

There are probably four principal reasons for an athlete leaving sport: personal choice, age, injury, and deselection. Only the …
Neuroses: A Comprehensive and Critical View
Authors: Nancy C. Andreasen
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The title of this book is misleading. Because the neuroses have traditionally been associated with psychodynamic and psychoanalytic approaches to diagnosis and treatment, at least in American psychiatry, a book titled<i>Neuroses</i>leads one to expect a heavy emphasis on Freud, Abraham, Horney, and Kernberg. This book deals with much more than that. It also emphasizes Kraepelin, Wundt, Kahlbaum, Esquirol, Pinel, and many other modern nonpsychoanalytic writers. However, it is not solely biological or medical in its approach. It is comprehensive. Gray attempts, and by and large achieves, a thorough and thoughtful review of the history, purposes, and methods of psychiatric classification (his real subject in this book). He sets the stage in chapter 1 by tracing the term "neuroses" back to Cullen, who used it to refer to psychiatric disorders in general and who believed that they were due to a generalized organic disorder of the nervous system. In
The Association of Plasma Renin Activity With in- Stent Restenosis after Coronary Stenting
Authors: Eser Durmaz, Hasan Ali Barman, Burçak Kılıçkıran Avcı, Hafize Uzun, Remisa Girişken, Bilgehan Karadağ, Zeki Öngen
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Role of nuclear bile acid receptor, FXR, in adaptive ABC transporter regulation by cholic and ursodeoxycholic acid in mouse liver, kidney and intestine
Authors: Gernot Zollner, Peter Fickert, Andrea Fuchsbichler, Dagmar Silbert, Martin Wagner, Silvia Arbeiter, Frank J Gonzalez, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Kurt Zatloukal, Helmut Denk, Michael Trauner
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2003)
Airway Fistula Closure after Stem-Cell Infusion
Authors: Francesco Petrella, Lorenzo Spaggiari, Fabio Acocella, Massimo Barberis, Massimo Bellomi, Stefano Brizzola, Stefano Donghi, Giuseppina Giardina, Rosaria Giordano, Juliana Guarize, Lorenza Lazzari, Tiziana Montemurro, Rocco Pastano, Stefania Rizzo, Francesca Toffalorio, Antonella Tosoni, Marika Zanotti
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2014)

Investigators observed the healing of a broncholpeural fistula soon after the injection of mesenchymal stem cells into the area surrounding the fistula.
Immunoglobulin G is associated with surfactant protein A aggregate isolated from patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.
Authors: A Hattori, Y Kuroki, H Takahashi, H Sohma, T Akino
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1997)

We have previously shown that the purified preparation of surfactant protein A (SP-A) isolated from patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) contains a very small amount of immunoglobulin G (IgG). We have recently found that there exists an abnormal multimerized form (alveolar proteinosis protein-I, APP-I) in SP-As isolated from patients with PAP in addition to normal-sized octadecameric APP-II. We examined which of the populations of APP that IgG is associated with. The APP was purified by mannose-affinity column followed by gelfiltration over Bio Gel A5m after the delipidation with 1-butanol. Analysis by gel filtration over Bio Gel A15m showed two elution peaks of APP-I and APP-II. When the fractions eluted from the Bio Gel A15m column were coated onto microtiter wells and reacted with HRP-labeled antihuman IgG, the elution peak of IgG was superimposed on that of APP-I but not on that of APP-II. The immunoblotting analysis also revealed that a very small amount of IgG, which could not be detected by staining with Coomassie blue or amido black, was associated with APP-I but not with APP-II or normal SP-A. APP-I bound to nonimmune IgG coated onto microtiter wells in a concentration-dependent manner, whereas APP-II, normal human SP-A, and rat SP-A exhibited almost no binding to IgG. The results indicate an unusual property of SP-A during the diseased state.
Alpha-Methyl Dopa for the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: MAX H. WEIL, BENJAMIN H. BARBOUR, ROBERT B. CHESNE
Journal: Circulation (1963)

AN AGENT inhibiting chemical formation of vasopressor substances gives promise of a superior approach to the treatment of arterial hypertension.Alpha-methyl-3,4-dihydroxyl-1-phenylalanine (alpha-methyl DO- PA*), a decarboxylase inhibitor, acts at least partly in this manner.1-3In contrast to other medications in wide use for the treatment of hypertensive vascular disease, this drug does not block transmission of autonomic impulses but lowers the concentration of norepineph- rine and serotonin in the tissues.4-6In drugs exerting more generalized interference with autonomic functions, the side effects of con- stipation, nasal stuffiness, dry mouth, visual disturbances, and impotence have not yet been eliminated.The preliminary clinical observa- tions of Oates, Gillespie, Udenfriend, and Sjoerdsma7 established the potential value of alpha-methyl DOPA as an antihypertensive drug.Side effects commonly noted during treatment with rauwolfia alkaloids, the gan- glionic blocking drugs, and the postsympa- thetic blocking agents, did not usually accompany the use of the new drug.More extensive clinical experience reported from various centers, including our own, confirms these findings.8 14In assessing the place of alpha-methyl DOPA as an addition to the al-
Putting Diabetes to the Test
Authors: Kathleen M. Colleran, Brian Starr, Mark R. Burge
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions. Most of the morbidity, mortality, and cost of type 2 diabetes is related to cardiovascular complications (1). These complications can be decreased by improving glycemic control (2,3). However, one problem in diabetes care is the poor translation of knowledge derived from research to clinical practice (4). A lack of patients understanding the long-term ramifications of …
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in two stowaways.
Authors: S M Aldridge, S C Glover, C Johnson
Journal: BMJ (1986)

ability to ketoacidosis and their more general perceptions of control of diabetes provided useful pointers to risks of subsequent ketoacidosis during use of continuous subcutaneous infusion.1 Mecklenberg RS, Benson EA, Benson JW, et al.Acute complications associated with insulin infusion pump therapy.Report of experience with 161 patients.
Russian Physicians Helped to Upgrade Medical Skills
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (1999)

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