tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
The pathogenesis of arthritis associated with acute hepatitis-B surface antigen-positive hepatitis. Complement activation and characterization of circulating immune complexes.
Authors: J R Wands, E Mann, E Alpert, K J Isselbacher
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1975)

Circulating immune complexes were identified in cryoproteins isolated from serial samples of serum from six patients with acute viral hepatitis with and without arthritic symptoms. Cryoprecipitates were analyzed for the presence of hepatitis-B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis-B surface antibody (anti-HBs) by hemagglutination inhibition and hemagglutination. Complement components were detected by counter electrophoresis, and immunoglobulins were detected by gel diffusion. HBsAg, IgG, and IgM were identified in cryoprecipitates from all hepatitis patients, but were higher in concentration in patients with arthritis. Only cryoprecipitates from hepatitis patients with arthritis contained IgA and complement components C3, C4, and C5 as well as IgG and IgM, which disappear with resolution of the arthritis. The subtypes of IgG in these cryoprecipitates were predominantly the complement-fixing IgG1 and IgG3, HBsAg and anti-HBs were concentrated several-fold in the cryoprecipitates when compared to the serum concentration. Sequential studies in two patients demonstrated that the initial appearance of anti-HBs in the cryoprotein complex was associated with the detection in the complex of IgM suggesting a primary immune response to HBsAg. The C3 activator fragment (C3A) of the properdin complex was found in fresh serum obtained from three hepatitis patients with arthritis and not in uncomplicated hepatitis. The cryoprecipitable immune complexes from patients with arthritis converted C3PA in fresh normal sera to C3A in vitro whereas cryoprotein isolated from patients with uncomplicated hepatitis had no such effect. Thus, the transient appearance of circulating complement-fixing immune complexes in patients with the arthritis of acute hepatitis is associated with activation of both classical and alternate complement pathways and suggests that they play an important role in the pathogenesis of these serum sickness-like extrahepatic symptoms.
Primary oxalosis with pan-conduction cardiac disease: electrophysiologic and anatomic correlation.
Authors: B M Massie, S Bharati, M M Scheinman, M Lev, J Desai, E Rubeson, W Schmidt
Journal: Circulation (1981)

A 27-year-old man with primary oxalosis and extensive visceral involvement was maintained on long-term chronic hemodialysis. He had an episode of presyncope associated with electrocardiographic findings of an erratic atrial rhythm, atrioventricular dissociation due to an accelerated junctional rhythm and right bundle branch block. Electrophysiologic studies showed irregular atrial depolarizations probably associated with multiple atrial pacemakers, atrial inexcitability, atrioventricular dissociation and infranodal conduction delay. These findings correlated well with extensive oxalate infiltration of the sinoatrial node and its approaches, the atrial preferential pathways, the approaches to the atrioventricular node, the atrioventricular node, and the His bundle and bundle branches. This is the first reported case of cardiac electrophysiologic abnormalities due to oxalate infiltration in a patient with primary oxalosis.
Human mast cells release Interleukin‐8 and induce neutrophil chemotaxis on contact with activated T cells
Authors: P. Salamon, N. G. Shoham, R. Gavrieli, B. Wolach, Y. A. Mekori
Journal: Allergy (2005)

Mast cells have recently been shown to control neutrophil recruitment during T-cell mediated cutaneous DTH reaction in vivo through TNF-alpha and MIP-2, the functional murine analogue of human IL-8. Although the nature of signals transmitted from T cells which activate mast cells has not yet been defined, we hypothesized that a direct cross-talk (i.e. heterotypic adhesion) between these two cell populations exists, as has previously been reported.The present study was aimed at gaining insight into the functional role of mast cell-T cell contact in expression and release of IL-8, and its effect on neutrophil chemotaxis.The IL-8 gene expression was identified by Affymetrix GeneChip arrays, validated by RT-PCR and the protein measured by ELISA. Chemotaxis was evaluated by using a modified Boyden chamber assay.Mast cells were found to express and release significantly higher concentrations of IL-8 on incubation with membranes obtained from activated, as compared to resting T cells. Supernatants obtained from these activated mast cells induced significant neutrophil chemotaxis that was inhibited by neutralizing mAb to IL-8.Thus, activated T cells, on heterotypic adhesion to mast cells, deliver the necessary signals for the latter to release cytokines and chemokines necessary for cell migration to sites of antigen challenge, thereby facilitating T-cell mediated inflammatory processes.
Optimised sample DNA preparation for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in synovial tissue by polymerase chain reaction and ligase chain reaction
Authors: J Freise, H C Gérard, T Bunke, J A Whittum-Hudson, H Zeidler, L Köhler, A P Hudson, J G Kuipers
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2001)

Molecular biology techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ligase chain reaction (LCR) are routinely used in research for detection of C trachomatis DNA in synovial samples, and these methods are now in use in some clinical laboratories. This study aimed at determining the method best suited to molecular diagnosis of C trachomatis by examining four standard DNA preparation methods using chlamydia spiked synovial tissue and chlamydia infected monocytes.Synovial tissue from a chlamydia negative patient with rheumatoid arthritis was spiked with defined numbers of C trachomatis elementary bodies (EB). Purified human peripheral monocytes from normal donors were infected with the organism at a multiplicity of infection 1:1 in vitro and harvested after four days. DNA was prepared from all samples by four methods: (1) QIAmp tissue kit; (2) homogenisation in 65 degrees C phenol; (3) incubation at 97 degrees C; (4) proteinase K digestion at 97 degrees C. DNA from methods 1 and 2 was subjected to PCR using two different primer sets, each targeting the C trachomatis omp1 gene. LCR was done on DNA prepared by each method.In synovial tissue samples spiked with EB, and in monocytes persistently infected with the organism, preparation of template using the QIAmp tissue kit (method 1) and the hot phenol extraction technique (method 2) allowed sensitive detection of C trachomatis DNA. These methods also produced template from both sample types for LCR. DNA prepared by heat denaturation (method 3) allowed only low sensitivity chlamydia detection in LCR and did not work at all for PCR. Proteinase K digestion plus heat denaturation (method 4) gave template that did not allow amplification in either PCR or LCR assays.The sensitivity of detection for C trachomatis DNA in synovial tissue by PCR and LCR depends strongly on the method used for preparation of the amplification template. LCR targeting the multicopy chlamydial plasmid and two nested PCR assay systems targeting the single copy omp1 gene showed roughly equivalent sensitivity. Importantly, template preparation method and the specific PCR primer system used for screening must be optimised in relation to one another for highest sensitivity.
ABCB6 is dispensable for erythropoiesis and specifies the new blood group system Langereis
Authors: Virginie Helias, Carole Saison, Bryan A Ballif, Thierry Peyrard, Junko Takahashi, Hideo Takahashi, Mitsunobu Tanaka, Jean-Charles Deybach, Hervé Puy, Maude Le Gall, Camille Sureau, Bach-Nga Pham, Pierre-Yves Le Pennec, Yoshihiko Tani, Jean-Pierre Cartron, Lionel Arnaud
Journal: Nature Genetics (2012)
Can allergic diseases be prevented prenatally?
Authors: R. J. Boyle, M. L. K. Tang
Journal: Allergy (2006)

Allergic diseases continue to increase in prevalence, and now affect over a third of the population in many countries. There is evidence that the increase in such diseases has its origins in early life exposures. Pregnancy or early childhood may therefore be critical periods for preventing the onset of allergic disease, and prenatal interventions are an attractive possibility for a population-based preventive approach. Here we review the data suggesting that prenatal exposures are important in the development of allergic disease, and that interventions during this time might be effective in prevention. We find evidence from both animal and human studies that prenatal interventions can influence the future development of allergic disease. There are a number of mechanisms through which such interventions may act to prevent allergic sensitization. We conclude that prenatal interventions have the potential to reduce the burden of allergic disease, and merit continued investigation. Further research in this area may lead to significant public health initiatives.
Peroxidase-dependent metabolism of benzene's phenolic metabolites and its potential role in benzene toxicity and carcinogenicity.
Authors: M T Smith, J W Yager, K L Steinmetz, D A Eastmond
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1989)

The metabolism of two of benzene's phenolic metabolites, phenol and hydroquinone, by peroxidase enzymes has been studied in detail. Studies employing horseradish peroxidase and human myeloperoxidase have shown that in the presence of hydrogen peroxide phenol is converted to 4,4'-diphenoquinone and other covalent binding metabolites, whereas hydroquinone is converted solely to 1,4-benzoquinone. Surprisingly, phenol stimulates the latter conversion rather than inhibiting it, an effect that may play a role in the in vivo myelotoxicity of benzene. Indeed, repeated coadministration of phenol and hydroquinone to B6C3F1 mice results in a dramatic and significant decrease in bone marrow cellularity similar to that observed following benzene exposure. A mechanism of benzene-induced myelotoxicity is therefore proposed in which the accumulation and interaction of phenol and hydroquinone in the bone marrow and the peroxidase-dependent formation of 1,4-benzoquinone are important components. This mechanism may also be responsible, at least in part, for benzene's genotoxic effects, as 1,4-benzoquinone has been shown to damage DNA and is shown here to induce multiple micronuclei in human lymphocytes. Secondary activation of benzene's phenol metabolites in the bone marrow may therefore play an important role in benzene's myelotoxic and carcinogenic effects.
Surfer's Knots
Authors: Claude O. Burdick
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Recently, as a pathologist, I received a small tissue specimen labeled "surfer's knot," taken from the ankle of a 16-year-old girl. In a neat example of role reversal, the surgeon explained to me that surfer's bumps develop on the dorsum of the ankles and shins of surfers because of kneeling on the rough surface of the board while waiting for a wave. I searched the literature and found that several different conditions are called surfer's nodules or surfer's knots: (1) chip fractures of the small bones of the feet (1966;197:149); (2) hypertrophic "spurring" in the small joints of the ankle or foot (1966;197:149); (3) ulcers of the skin of the shins or ankles (1967;201:134); (4) nodules of traumatic fibrosis (1967;201:134; 1965;192:223); (5) ganglion cysts, once recorded with foreignbody reaction to sand (1967;201:134); and (6) bursal cysts.<sup>1</sup> Obviously, the lesion has been named by its
Scleroderma and Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia
Authors: WILLIAM R. SALYER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1973)

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia was found in 7 of 20 patients with systemic scleroderma, an indication that this complication is not uncommon. Since only four had severe hypertension, pressures in the "malignant" range seem not to be necessary for the development of the anemia. All seven patients had renal arterial fibrin deposits, which supports the concept that erythrocyte fragmentation results from contact with intravascular fibrin.
NIH testing sorbinil to prevent diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Charles Marwick
Journal: JAMA (1984)

A placebo-controlled trial involving more than 800 patients with type I insulin-dependent diabetes has been started by one of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Md, to evaluate the use of sorbinil in the prevention of diabetic retinopathy. The study, which admitted the first subjects in March, is being conducted by the NIH's National Eye Institute. The institute plans to follow up the patients for at least 30 months. The project cost has not been announced, but the study is being supported by Pfizer, Inc, New York City, the developer of sorbinil. Diabetic retinopathy occurs in about 4.4 million of the estimated 10 million to 11 million persons with diabetes in the United States. Every year, about 4,700 of these patients become blind. Research studies have suggested that sorbinil may help alleviate retinopathy. Sorbinil is an aldose-reductase inhibitor. Earlier studies on diabetic animals have shown that it can reduce
Eat Dirt — The Hygiene Hypothesis and Allergic Diseases
Authors: Scott T. Weiss
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

There has been an epidemic of both autoimmune diseases (in which the immune response is dominated by type 1 helper T [Th1] cells, such as type 1 diabetes, Crohn's disease, and multiple sclerosis) and allergic diseases (in which the immune response is dominated by type 2 helper T [Th2] cells, such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, and atopic dermatitis), as documented in the article by Bach in this issue of the Journal. 1 The occurrence of these diseases is higher in more affluent, Western, industrialized countries. One theory proposed to explain this increase in the prevalence of autoimmune and allergic diseases is . . .
Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma With Neuroendocrine Differentiation Detected by Ga-68 DOTA-NOC PET/CT
Authors: Lucia Zanoni, Egesta Lopci, Valentina Ambrosini, Stefano Boschi, Stefano Fanti
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2011)

A 7-year-old girl with indolent left upper extremity edema had axillary, supraclavicular, right retrocaval, paravertebral, mesenteric, and right iliac adenopathy confirmed by ultrasound and CT. Selective axillary biopsy demonstrated epitheliomorphic malignancy with neuroendocrine/neuroectodermic differentiation. Bone scintigraphy demonstrated several thoracic spin lesions. I-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine imaging was negative. Ga-68 DOTA-NOC PET/CT demonstrated multiple lesions in her axilla, thoracic spine, and retroperitoneum. Biopsy of a palpable nodule at her left forearm revealed alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma with neuroendocrine differentiation.
An Oral Tyrosine Tolerance Test in Thyrotoxicosis and Myxedema
Authors: Richard S. Rivlin, Kenneth L. Melmon, Albert Sjoerdsma
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1965)

IN patients with thyrotoxicosis the concentration of tyrosine in plasma has been shown to increase1 , 2 whereas concentrations of other amino acids except glutamic acid have been normal.3 When loads of tyrosine were fed to hyperthyroid patients, plasma levels of tyrosine measured hourly for six hours were elevated several times above levels found in euthyroid patients.3 In similar assays of oral tyrosine tolerance in hypothyroid subjects plasma levels after a tyrosine load were decreased below levels found in euthyroid subjects.The present investigation was intended to determine whether abnormal responses to orally administered loads of tyrosine are restricted to patients with . . .
Effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory-confirmed influenza in primary care in the United Kingdom: 2015/16 mid-season results
Authors: Richard Pebody, Fiona Warburton, Joanna Ellis, Nick Andrews, Alison Potts, Simon Cottrell, Jillian Johnston, Arlene Reynolds, Rory Gunson, Catherine Thompson, Monica Galiano, Chris Robertson, David Mullett, Naomh Gallagher, Mary Sinnathamby, Ivelina Yonova, Catherine Moore, Jim McMenamin, Simon de Lusignan, Maria Zambon
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2016)

In 2015/16, the influenza season in the United Kingdom was dominated by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 circulation. Virus characterisation indicated the emergence of genetic clusters, with the majority antigenically similar to the current influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine strain. Mid-season vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates show an adjusted VE of 41.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.0-64.7) against influenza-confirmed primary care consultations and of 49.1% (95% CI: 9.3-71.5) against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09. These estimates show levels of protection similar to the 2010/11 season, when this strain was first used in the seasonal vaccine.
THE ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM IN SOME MILITARY AND SELECTIVE SERVICE CONVULSIVE AND NON-CONVULSIVE PROBLEMS
Authors: LEON J. ROBINSON
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1945)

Electroencephalography was performed in 92 military and selective service convulsive and non-convulsive problems. Of 20 subjects with a history of convulsion during military service observed by other than medical personnel, the EEG was abnormal in 10 (50%), doubtful in 2 (10%) and normal in 8 (40%). Of 41 subjects with a self-claimed history of rare convulsions months to years ago, the EEG was abnormal in 18 (43.9%), doubtful in 1 (2.4%) and normal in 22 (53.4%). Of 9 subjects with a history of "fainting attack" in the military service, the EEG was abnormal in 5 (55.6%) and normal in 4 (44.4%) Of 12 subjects with episodes of faintness with retention of consciousness, the EEG was abnormal in 1 (8.3%), doubtful in 1 (8.3%) and normal in 10 (83.4%). Of 10 subjects considered malingerers with vague "nervousness" or vague fainting spells, the EEG was abnormal in none, doubtful in 1 (10%) and normal in 9 (90%). From this study it was concluded that the electroencephalogram was of assisting value in the neuropsychiatric diagnosis of non-convulsive and convulsive problems.
Cons outweigh pros of preventive aspirin in women, study finds
Authors: J. Wise
Journal: BMJ (2014)

The benefits of taking low dose aspirin to prevent cancer and cardiovascular disease do not outweigh the increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in most women, a large randomised study has concluded.

However, the balance begins to shift with increasing age, and aspirin can be of some benefit when limited to over 65s, research published online …
The Oily Paper Bag
Authors: Alvan L. Barach
Journal: JAMA (1974)

To the Editor.—  In the letter The 'Oily' Paper Bag and Hyperventilation (229:638: 1974), Dr. Riley mentioned that the increased carbon dioxide pressure when rebreathing from the bag held tightly over the mouth and nose lasts for three to four minutes. During this time, the oxygen concentration must fall to quite low levels, inducing a hazard in patients with coronary artery disease, and probably also in others. It would be of interest to know whether the oxygen pressure was measured.
Abstract 4649: Association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and risk of female thyroid cancer in Korea
Authors: Myung-Hee Shin, Jae Hoon Chung, Jung Han Kim, Young-Ik Son
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract The incidence of female thyroid cancer is rapidly increasing in Korea. However, factors that would account for this increase are unclear other than the increase in frequency of screening. Vitamin D has shown anticarcinogenic effect on many cancers in experimental studies. Dietary and circulating vitamin D have shown inconclusive, yet promising, inverse associations with colorectal, breast, and prostate cancer in epidemiological studies. Evidences on the association between circulating vitamin D and thyroid cancer are rare. We investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25(OH)D3) and the risk of thyroid cancer among Korean women. A total of 158 incident thyroid cancer and 144 non-cancer control patients from one large hospital in Seoul were interviewed on their life-style factors between April, 2006 and December, 2007. Among the total participants, 91 cancer (all thyroid papillary cancer) and 105 control patients who agreed to donate their blood were included in this study. The blood of cancer patients was collected at the inpatient wards while the patients were admitted for the operation. The blood of control patients was collected at the inpatient wards or outpatient clinics of four different clinical departments. All blood samples were centrifuged within 1 hour of collection and the serum vials were stored in -80 °C. Serum 25(OH)D3 concentration was measured using radioimmunoassay (RIA). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression adjusted for the month of blood collection, body mass index, physical exercise, breast feeding, and menopausal status. The OR of thyroid cancer for the highest quintile (17.2-30.1ng/ml) of serum 25(OH)D3 concentration compared to the lowest quintile (4.0-8.7ng/ml) was 0.30 (95%CI = 0.10-0.85, ptrend=0.04). The inverse association between serum 25(OH)D3 and risk of thyroid cancer was observed in both premenopausal (OR=0.50, 95%CI=0.09-2.68) and postmenopausal women (OR=0.24, 95%CI=0.05-1.09) although statistical significance was not reached in both groups. Women with lower BMI (&amp;lt;23kg/m2) or with no history of breast feeding showed stronger association between serum 25(OH)D3 and risk of thyroid cancer. Our results suggest higher serum 25(OH)D3 may reduce the risk of thyroid papillary cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2011 Apr 2-6; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2011;71(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4649. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-4649
Mizolastine in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis: a European clinical experience with 5408 patients managed in daily practice (PANEOS SAR Study)
Authors: C. Bachert, V. Vovolis, P. Margari, M. Murrieta‐Aguttes, J. P. Santoni
Journal: Allergy (2001)

Background: Mizolastine, a potent H 1 antihistamine with additional antiallergic properties, is marketed for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and urticaria. The objective was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of mizolastine under conditions of daily practice in patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (SAR). Methods: In an open multicenter study, mizolastine 10 mg daily was administered for 14 days during the pollen season. Nasal and ocular symptoms, time to onset of symptom relief, and effect of the drug on diurnal alertness were evaluated. Safety was evaluated on the basis of self‐reported adverse events (AE). Results: A total of 5408 patients (36±14 years of age, females=57%) with a history of SAR for 8±9 years were treated for a mean of 17.1±5.0 days. SAR symptoms improved in 93% and decreased by at least 50% in 86% of patients; 78% reported improvement after the first drug intake and 51% from the first hour. Sixty‐nine percent considered mizolastine more effective than other antihistamines taken previously. The incidence of AE was low (3.8%). Conclusions: The high responder rate, the rapid onset of action, and the low incidence of AE observed in this large multicenter study confirm the previously reported beneficial efficacy and safety of mizolastine in the management of SAR.
PSGL-1-Mediated Adhesion of Human Hematopoietic Progenitors to P-Selectin Results in Suppression of Hematopoiesis
Authors: Jean-Pierre Lévesque, Andrew C.W Zannettino, Melanie Pudney, Silvana Niutta, David N Haylock, Karen R Snapp, Geoffrey S Kansas, Michael C Berndt, Paul J Simmons
Journal: Immunity (1999)