tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Long-term in vivo inhibition of CNS neurodegeneration by Bcl-XL gene transfer
Authors: J.M.I. Malik, Z. Shevtsova, M. Bähr, S. Kügler
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

The inherently low regenerative capacity of the CNS demands effective strategies to inhibit neurodegeneration in acute lesions but also in slowly progressive neurological disorders. Therefore, therapeutic targets that can interact with the degeneration cascade to block, not just postpone, neuronal degeneration need to be defined. Bcl-X(L), a protein protecting the integrity of the mitochondrial membrane potential, was investigated for its neuroprotective properties in a long-term in vivo model of neuronal cell death. An AAV-2-based vector was used to express both Bcl-X(L) and EGFP in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of the adult rat retina. Transection of the optic nerve results in degeneration of RGCs in control retinae, while Bcl-X(L)-overexpressing ganglion cells were protected from degeneration. At 2 weeks after axotomy, 94% of the transduced RGCs survived the lesion (15% in controls). For the first time, we investigated RGC survival up to 8 weeks after axotomy and detected that 46% of the Bcl-X(L)-overexpressing RGCs still survived, representing significantly increased neuroprotection compared to neurotrophin-based approaches. We could also show that the axons of AAV-Bcl-X(L)-transduced RGCs remained morphologically intact after the lesion, thus providing the basis for regeneration-inducing attempts.
Abstract 1921: The effect of Hoechst 33342 and Hoechst 33258 on side population (SP) cells or stem cell-like population
Authors: Naimei Tang, Crystal Zhang, Cyndi Noraian, Anil Wali, Harvey Pass, Michael Harbut, Xinbo Zhang
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Hoechst 33342 side population (SP) analysis is widely used for identifying and sorting side population (SP) or stem cell-like population from a variety of tissues and species including cancer cell lines. However, Hoechst 33342, but not its derivative Hoechst 33258, is an apoptotic inducer. Our previous results showed that Hoechst 33342 induced apoptosis in seven mesothelioma cell lines through cytochrome C release, caspase activation and degradation of Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. We hypothesize Hoechst 33342 may cause SP cell death during Hoechst 33342 staining and Hoechst 33258 may be a safe indicator for identification and isolation of SP cells. The aims of this study are 1) to detect the effect of H 33342 on SP cells, and 2) to identify if H33258 can be an indicator for stem cell isolation. Procedure: The effect of Hoechst dyes on the tumorigenicity of H2373 mesothelioma cells was analyzed by soft agar clonogenic colony formation. MTT assay have been employed to estimate the effect of Hoechst dyes on cell growth in H2373 mesothelioma cells, and Hoechst 33342 and Hoechst 33258 SP analysis was performed on a FACSDiVa cell sorter. Results: Our result demonstrated that Hoechst 33342 staining can causes SP cell damage and also decreases cell colony formation and cell proliferation after using the routine staining doses and intervals for SP cell analysis. In contrast, Hoechst 33258 has little effect on the cell colony formation and cell proliferation. We have found that verapamil, ABC transporter inhibitor, significantly inhibits the efflux of intracellular Hoechst 33258, which means Hoechst 33258 may be used as a marker in isolating ABC transporter positive cells, as Hoechst 33342 does. Conclusion: 1) Hoechst 33342 can induce apoptosis of SP cells of mesothelioma cancer cells 2) Hoechst 33258 may be a safe indicator and replace Hoechst 33342 for identification and isolation of side population. Future Studies: 1) More in vitro methods such as clonogenic assay, drug resistant assay, and invasion assay are required for further determination of stem cell-like properties of side population isolated by Hoechst 33258 when compared to that isolated by Hoechst 33342. 2) Xenograft (or animal) study is ultimately required to determine the capacity of in vivo tumor formation of the side population cells isolated by Hoechst 33258 after the completion of in vitro study Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Naimei Tang, Crystal Zhang, Cyndi Noraian, Anil Wali, Harvey Pass, Michael Harbut, Xinbo Zhang. The effect of Hoechst 33342 and Hoechst 33258 on side population (SP) cells or stem cell-like population. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1921. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1921
Insights From the NHLBI-Sponsored Women’s Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) Study
Authors: Leslee J. Shaw, C. Noel Bairey Merz, Carl J. Pepine, Steven E. Reis, Vera Bittner, Sheryl F. Kelsey, Marian Olson, B. Delia Johnson, Sunil Mankad, Barry L. Sharaf, William J. Rogers, Timothy R. Wessel, Christopher B. Arant, Gerald M. Pohost, Amir Lerman, Arshed A. Quyyumi, George Sopko
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2006)
Principles of Transfusion Medicine
Authors: Ennio Claudio Rossi
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1991)

The red cell special problems of red cell transfusion the platelet special problems of platelet transfusion the white cell the plasma special problems of plasma component theory the bone marrow apheresis transfusion in the surgical patient haemostasis and surgery transfusion - transmitted diseases transfusion reactions tissue and organ banking organization of blood services.
Opportunities and Challenges for HIV Care in Overlapping HIV and TB Epidemics
Authors: Diane V Havlir, Haileyesus Getahun, Ian Sanne, Paul Nunn
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Tuberculosis (TB) and the emerging multidrug-resistant TB epidemic represent major challenges to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care and treatment programs in resource-limited settings. Tuberculosis is a major cause of mortality among patients with HIV and poses a risk throughout the course of HIV disease, even after successful initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Progress in the implementation of activities directed at reducing TB burden in the HIV population lags far behind global targets. HIV programs designed for longitudinal care are ideally suited to implement TB control measures and have no option but to address TB vigorously to save patient lives, to safeguard the massive investment in HIV treatment, and to curb the global TB burden. We propose a framework of strategic actions for HIV care programs to optimally integrate TB into their services. The core activities of this framework include intensified TB case finding, treatment of TB, isoniazid preventive treatment, infection control, administration of ART, TB recording and reporting, and joint efforts of HIV and TB programs at the national and local levels.
Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Risk for Recurrent Vascular Events
Authors: Guillermo Ruiz-Irastorza, Munther A. Khamashta, Graham R. V. Hughes
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Phosphoproteomics and mass-action modeling to predict optimal drug combination in signaling networks
Authors: Fabiana C. Morales, Sergio Iadevaia, Yiling Lu, Prahlad Ram, Gordon B. Mills
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Targeted therapeutics hold tremendous promise in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. However, targeting proteins individually can be compensated for by bypass mechanisms and activation of regulatory loops. Designing optimal therapeutic combination must therefore take into consideration the complex dynamic networks in the cell. In this study, we analyzed the insulinlike growth factor (IGF-1) signaling network in the MDA-MB231 breast cancer cell line using reverse phase protein arrays to quantify the dynamic crosstalk between the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways. We developed a computational procedure that integrated mass-action modeling with particle swarm optimization to train the model against the experimental data and infer the unknown model parameters. The trained model was used to predict how targeting individual signaling proteins altered the rest of the network and identify drug combination that minimally increased phosphorylation of other proteins elsewhere in the network. Experimental testing of the modeling predictions showed that optimal drug combination inhibited cell signaling and proliferation, while non-optimal combination of inhibitors increased phosphorylation of non-targeted proteins and rescued cells from cell death. The integrative approach described here is useful for generating experimental intervention strategies that could optimize drug combination and discover novel pharmacologic targets for cancer therapy.
Abstract 3525: SOX2 promotes tumor growth via activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yasuyuki Gen, Kohichiroh Yasui, Tomoko Kitaichi, Akira Tomie, Yoshito Ito
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Our previous study revealed that SOX2, a master regulator during embryogenesis, is an amplification target of 3q26.3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and that SOX2 promotes ESCC cell proliferation. To identify the mechanisms by which SOX2 promotes proliferation of ESCC cells, we assayed multiple signaling pathways activated by SOX2 using a phosphoprotein array. We determined that SOX2 activated the AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling pathway. Immunoblotting confirmed that SOX2 elevated levels of p-AKT and levels of p-p70S6K and p-4E-BP1 which are direct targets of mTORC1. Effects of SOX2 knockdown, including reduced levels of p-AKT and decreased ESCC cell viability, were reversed with constitutive activation of AKT with PTEN knockdown. SOX2 also promoted in vivo tumor growth of ESCC with AKT/mTORC1 activation in mouse xenografts. LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, suppressed the ability of SOX2 to enhance tumor growth of ESCC by reducing cell proliferation. Furthermore, tissue microarray analysis showed a positive correlation between expression levels of SOX2 and p-AKT in 61 primary ESCC tumors. Our results suggest that SOX2 promotes ESCC tumor growth via activation of the PI3K/AKT / mTORC1 signaling pathway, which enhances cell proliferation. Citation Format: Yasuyuki Gen, Kohichiroh Yasui, Tomoko Kitaichi, Akira Tomie, Yoshito Ito. SOX2 promotes tumor growth via activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTORC1 signaling pathway in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3525. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3525
Payments for operations will be standardised
Authors: Coombes Rebecca
Journal: BMJ (2004)

The national tariff for clinical procedures in the NHS, published by the government last week, is too crude a system to be fair to all hospitals, the BMA has warned.

The price list for 48 common NHS operations is part of a bid to improve efficiency and tackle large variations between hospitals in costs. Under the tariff, to be rolled out nationally over the next four years, hospitals will receive a set cost from the primary care trust for procedures such as cataract, hip, and heart bypass operations. Hospitals that can provide services at a cost below the national tariff can use a proportion of the “profit” to improve services.

Health minister John Hutton said trusts that spend …
Modifying Effect of Cinnamaldehyde and Cinnamaldehyde Derivatives on Cell Inactivation and Cellular Uptake of cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum(II) in Human NHIK 3025 Cells
Authors: John M. Dornish, Erik O. Pettersen, Reidar Oftebro
Journal: Cancer Research (1989)

The effect of cinnamaldehyde and various cinnamaldehyde derivatives on cell inactivation induced by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cis-DDP) was investigated using human NHIK 3025 cells in culture. Cell inactivation was measured as a loss in the ability of single cells to give rise to macroscopic colonies following drug treatment. It was found that cinnamaldehyde and alpha-chlorocinnamaldehyde potentiated the cell-inactivating effect when used simultaneously with cis-DDP without increasing the amount of cell-associated platinum. In contrast, a protective effect with respect to cell inactivation was found when cells were treated with cis-DDP in combination with hydrocinnamaldehyde or alpha-methylcinnamaldehyde. At higher concentrations (greater than 1 mM) all cinnamaldehyde derivatives reduced cellular uptake of cis-DDP. Therefore, while protection from cis-DDP-induced cell inactivation involves reduced platinum uptake, potentiation by cinnamaldehyde and cinnamaldehyde derivatives does not seem to be due to an increase in intracellular platinum. We propose that cinnamaldehyde may compete with cis-DDP in nucleophilic addition reactions involving intracellular sulfhydryls.
The Oncologist’s Perspective
Authors: Mehran Afshar
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
T‐cell activation genes differentially expressed at birth in CD4<sup>+</sup> T‐cells from children who develop IgE food allergy
Authors: D. J. Martino, A. Bosco, K. L. McKenna, E. Hollams, D. Mok, P. G. Holt, S. L. Prescott
Journal: Allergy (2011)

To cite this article: Martino DJ, Bosco A, McKenna KL, Hollams E, Mok D, Holt PG, Prescott SL. T‐cell activation genes differentially expressed at birth in CD4 + T‐cells from children who develop IgE food allergy. Allergy 2012; 67 : 191–200. Abstract Background: Presymptomatic immaturity in neonatal T‐cell function is a consistent antecedent of allergic disease, including reduced responsiveness to polyclonal activation. Methods: To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we examined for differences in T‐cell gene expression in longitudinal samples collected at birth and at 1 year of age in children with ( n = 30) and without IgE‐mediated food allergy ( n = 30). We employed a low‐level soluble anti‐CD3 stimulus to activate the T‐cell receptor (TCR) and surveyed gene expression by DNA microarray in purified CD4 + T‐cells. Allergen‐specific responses were assessed in parallel functional studies. Results: At birth, the allergic group showed a reduced number of genes up regulated in response to anti‐CD3 treatment on the microarray and a reduced lympho proliferative capacity, suggesting clear differences in T‐cell signalling pathways. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) validation of candidate genes confirmed significantly lower expression of a number of genes in the allergic group including RELB, NFKB2, LIF and FAS. By 12 months of age, there were marked changes in the anti‐CD3 response in all infants, culminating in upregulation of cytokine genes (IL‐5, IL‐13, IL‐17 and IL‐22). Neonatal differences were no longer apparent. Instead, the allergic group, all symptomatic by this age, showed differential expression of T‐cell lineage pathways including GATA‐3, MAL and FcER1 in unstimulated T‐cells. Allergen stimulation induced significantly higher cytokines production (IL‐5, IL‐13 and IFNγ) in the allergic group. Conclusion: Although transient, suboptimal neonatal T‐cell activation pathways that signal through the NF‐κB complex may affect the developmental transition of T‐cell phenotypes in the periphery shortly after birth and may increase the risk of food allergy.
Abstract 14685: Efficacy of Combined Administration of Intracoronary Papaverine and Intravenous Adenosine 5’-Triphosphate in Assessment of Fractional Flow Reserve
Authors: Takeshi Nishi, Yoshihide Fujimoto, Yoshio Kobayashi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Purpose: Inducing maximal coronary hyperemia is important to measure fractional flow reserve (FFR) accurately. Administration of intracoronary (IC) papaverine and intravenous (IV) adenosine 5’-triphosphate (ATP) have been used to achieve maximal hyperemia in the assessment of FFR. However, they may not induce maximal hyperemia in all patients. We aimed to evaluate combined effect of IC papaverine and IV ATP on FFR measurements. Methods: FFR measurements using administration of IC papaverine (12 mg in the left coronary artery and 8 mg in the right coronary artery), IV ATP (140 μg/kg/min), and the combination of IC papaverine plus IV ATP (additional IC bolus infusion of papaverine during IV ATP) were performed in 57 lesions of 52 consecutive patients. FFR values, symptoms, development of atrioventricular block (AVB), and ventricular arrhythmia were recorded. Results: Mean FFR values with IC papaverine, IV ATP, and the combination of IC papaverine and IV ATP were comparable (0.75 ± 0.13 vs. 0.76 ± 0.13 vs. 0.75 ± 0.13, p = 0.87). The proportion of lesions with a positive FFR (FFR ≤0.80) were not significantly different between the 3 methods (54.4% vs. 47.4% vs. 64.9%, p = 0.17). IC papaverine and IV ATP detected 25 lesions and 32 lesions with a negative FFR (FFR &gt; 0.80), respectively. Of these, 7 (28%) and 11 lesions (34%) showed positive FFR with the combination of IC papaverine and IV ATP. Within the region of physiologically intermediate FFR values (0.75 to 0.85 obtained by IV ATP), there were significant differences in the FFR values (0.81 ± 0.02 vs. 0.79 ± 0.03, p = 0.01) and the proportion of positive FFR (48.3% vs. 66.7%, p &lt; 0.01) between IV ATP and the combination of IC papaverine and IV ATP. IC papaverine increased ventricular premature contraction in 2%. IV ATP caused flushing in 48%, chest oppression in 27%, shortness of breath in 10%, and transient 2nd degree AVB in 3%. The combination of IC papaverine and IV ATP caused transient 2nd degree AVB in 2%. Conclusions: The hyperemic efficacy of IC papaverine or IV ATP alone is suboptimal in some patients. Combined administration of IC papaverine and IV ATP can achieve optimal hyperemia in such patients and has the potential to assist in making clinical decisions on patients with physiologically intermediate lesions.
Presence and Distribution of Free Porphyrins in Transplants of a Chrysoidin-Induced Mouse Hepatoma&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K Medras
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1960)

Journal Article Presence and Distribution of Free Porphyrins in Transplants of a Chrysoidin-Induced Mouse Hepatoma Get access Kazimierz Mędraś Kazimierz Mędraś Department of Pathologic Anatomy, School of Medicine, and Department of Experimental Oncology, Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Science, Wrocław, Poland Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Volume 25, Issue 3, September 1960, Pages 465–472, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/25.3.465 Published: 01 September 1960 Article history Received: 19 January 1960 Published: 01 September 1960
Treatment of Indian visceral leishmaniasis with single or daily infusions of low dose liposomal amphotericin B: randomised trial Commentary: cost and resistance remain issues
Authors: S. Sundar, G Agrawal, M. Rai, M K Makharia, H. W Murray, D. N J Lockwood
Journal: BMJ (2001)

To test short course, low dose liposomal amphotericin B as single or daily infusion treatment in Indian visceral leishmaniasis (kala-azar).Randomised, open label study.Inpatient unit for leishmaniasis in Bihar, India.91 adults and children with splenic aspirate positive for infection.Total dose of 5 mg/kg of liposomal amphotericin B given as a single infusion (n=46) or as once daily infusions of 1 mg/kg for five days (n=45).Clinical and parasitological cure assessed 14 days after treatment and long term definitive cure (healthy, no relapse) at six months.All but one person in each group had an initial apparent cure. During six months of follow up, three patients in the single dose group and two in the five dose group relapsed. Complete response (definitive cure) was therefore achieved in 84 of 91 subjects (92%): 42 of 46 patients in the single dose group (91%, 95% confidence interval 79% to 98%) and 42 of 45 in the five dose group (93%, 82% to 99%). Response rates in the two groups were not significantly different.Low dose liposomal amphotericin B (5 mg/kg), given either as a five day course or as a single infusion, seems to be effective for visceral leishmaniasis and warrants further testing.
Medical Education and Chronic Disease
Authors: Stuart Green
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal