tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Persistent Lipophilic Environmental Chemicals and Endometriosis: The ENDO Study
Authors: Germaine M. Buck Louis, Zhen Chen, C. Matthew Peterson, Mary L. Hediger, Mary S. Croughan, Rajeshwari Sundaram, Joseph B. Stanford, Michael W. Varner, Victor Y. Fujimoto, Linda C. Giudice, Ann Trumble, Patrick J. Parsons, Kurunthachalam Kannan
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2012)

An equivocal literature exists regarding the relation between persistent organochlorine pollutants (POPs) and endometriosis in women, with differences attributed to methodologies.We assessed the association between POPs and the odds of an endometriosis diagnosis and the consistency of findings by biological medium and study cohort.Using a matched cohort design, we assembled an operative cohort of women 18-44 years of age undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy at 14 participating clinical centers from 2007 to 2009 and a population-based cohort matched on age and residence within a 50-mile catchment area of the clinical centers. Endometriosis was defined as visualized disease in the operative cohort and as diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging in the population cohort. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each POP in relation to an endometriosis diagnosis, with separate models run for each medium (omental fat in the operative cohort, serum in both cohorts) and cohort. Adjusted models included age, body mass index, breast-feeding conditional on parity, cotinine, and lipids.Concentrations were higher in omental fat than in serum for all POPs. In the operative cohort, γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH) was the only POP with a significant positive association with endometriosis [per 1-SD increase in log-transformed γ-HCH: adjusted OR (AOR) = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.59]; β-HCH was the only significant predictor in the population cohort (per 1-SD increase in log-transformed β-HCH: AOR = 1.72; 95% CI: 1.09, 2.72).Using a matched cohort design, we found that cohort-specific and biological-medium-specific POPs were associated with endometriosis, underscoring the importance of methodological considerations when interpreting findings.
Obesity: Impact on Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Arthur C. Fox
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2001)

Medical Writings: Book Notes6 February 2001Obesity: Impact on Cardiovascular DiseaseArthur C. Fox, MDArthur C. Fox, MDNew York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. (Fox)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-134-3-200102060-00031 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Fletcher GF, Grundy SM, Hayman L, eds. 377 pages. Armonk, NY: Futura; 1999. $69.00. ISBN 0879934182. Order phone 800-877-8761.Field of medicine: General internal medicine, cardiology, endocrinology, and public health.Format: Hardcover book.Audience: Physicians who manage patients with obesity and its consequences.Purpose: To evaluate data on the etiology and biology of obesity; its measurement, prevalence, and metabolic sequelae; and its relationship to cardiovascular disease.Content: The book is a monograph comprising papers presented at a conference sponsored by several American Heart Association Councils in 1998. The first section examines the epidemiology of obesity and the influence of genetic ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York. (Fox) PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 6 February 2001Volume 134, Issue 3Page: 260KeywordsCardiovascular diseasesChildrenEtiologyHeartInsulinInsulin resistanceObesityOverweightSoftware toolsWeight gain ePublished: 6 February 2001 Issue Published: 6 February 2001 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2001 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A Major Focus of Legionnaires' Disease in Bloomington, Indiana
Authors: Brenda D. Politi, David W. Fraser, George F. Mallison, James V. Mohatt, George K. Morris, Charlotte M. Patton, James C. Feeley, Richard D. Telle, John V. Bennett
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1979)

Thirty-nine cases of Legionnaires' disease in a 16-month period were identified in visitors to and residents of Bloomington, Indiana. Thirty-five patients had spent at least one night at the Indiana Memorial Union in the 2 weeks before becoming ill. Five of 32 sporadic cases nationwide between 1 January and 31 March 1978 were retrospectively shown to be in persons who had recently visited the Union. The risk of acquiring Legionnaires' disease as a Union visitor was at least 17 times greater than that for Bloomington residents 20 years or older. Employees who had worked at the Union 5 years or longer were more likely to be seropositive than workers in other Bloomington hotels. Legionnaires' disease bacterium was isolated from five environmental sites in Bloomington. A cooling tower may have been involved in disease spread, but it was not the only source. Hypochlorite solution was added to cooling tower water as a precautionary measure; however, one case was confirmed in a man with Union exposure 9 days after hypochlorite treatment had begun.
Upper airway and soft tissue structural changes induced by CPAP in normal subjects.
Authors: R J Schwab, A I Pack, K B Gupta, L J Metzger, E Oh, J E Getsy, E A Hoffman, W B Gefter
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1996)

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the treatment of choice for adults with obstructive sleep apnea. CPAP is known to increase upper airway size; however, the direct effects of CPAP on soft tissue structures surrounding the upper airway are less well understood. Magnetic resonance imaging was used to study the effect of incremental levels (0, 5, 10, and 15 cm H2O) of CPAP on the upper airway and surrounding soft tissue structures in 10 normal subjects. Progressive increases in CPAP resulted in the following major findings: (1) airway volume and airway area (measured at several different locations [midregion, minimal, maximal]) within the retropalatal and retroglossal regions increased; (2) lateral airway dimensional changes were greater than anterior-posterior changes; (3) lateral upper airway soft tissue structural changes were significantly greater than anterior-posterior changes; (4) lateral pharyngeal wall thickness decreased and the distance between the lateral parapharyngeal fat pads increased. An inverse relationship was demonstrated between CPAP level and pharyngeal wall thickness; (5) minimal changes were noted in the soft palate and tongue. These data suggest that the lateral pharyngeal walls are more "compliant" than the soft palate and tongue. This investigation provides further evidence that the lateral pharyngeal walls play an important role in mediating upper airway caliber.
Human platelet factor 4: Preparation from outdated platelet concentrates and application in cerebral vascular disease
Authors: Peter H. Levine, Marc Fisher, Albert L. Fullerton, Celeste P. Duffy, James J. Hoogasian
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (1981)

Abstract Platelet factor 4 (PF4), the platelet antiheparin protein, was isolated from both the supernatant and the cells of recently outdated platelet concentrates. Following purification by affinity chromatography, a competitive binding radioimmunoassay was developed to detect this protein in human plasma. The normal range was determined to be 9.4 ± 4.7 ng/ml (mean ± SD for 52 healthy adults). In order to determine whether individuals with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or stroke had measurable increments of PF4 in their plasma, radioimmunoassay studies were performed on 11 patients with well‐documented TIA, 10 patients with well‐documented stroke and on 16 age‐matched controls hospitalized on a neurology service with disorders unrelated to arterial thrombosis. The 16 hospitalized controls had PF4 levels of 10.3 ± 9.1 ng/ml, a value not significantly different from the 52 normals (P &gt; 0.50). Patients with TIA had PF4 levels of 24.6 ± 12.1 ng/ml, a value significantly higher than both the 52 normals (P &lt; 0.001) and the 16 hospitalized control patients (P &lt; 0.005). Patients with stroke had PF4 levels of 35.4 ± 29.2 ng/ml, a value significantly higher than both the 52 normals (P &lt; 0.001) and the 16 hospitalized control patients (P &lt; 0.005). Outdated platelet concentrates facilitate the development of a reproducible radioimmunoassay for PF4. The elevation of this platelet‐derived protein in the plasma of patients with stroke and TIA provides evidence for recent or ongoing platelet activation in the cerebral vascular disease population.
Tolerance and Chimerism after Renal and Hematopoietic-Cell Transplantation
Authors: John D. Scandling, Stephan Busque, Sussan Dejbakhsh-Jones, Claudia Benike, Maria T. Millan, Judith A. Shizuru, Richard T. Hoppe, Robert Lowsky, Edgar G. Engleman, Samuel Strober
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

We describe a recipient of combined kidney and hematopoietic-cell transplants from an HLA-matched donor. A post-transplantation conditioning regimen of total lymphoid irradiation and antithymocyte globulin allowed engraftment of the donor's hematopoietic cells. The patient had persistent mixed chimerism, and the function of the kidney allograft has been normal for more than 28 months since discontinuation of all immunosuppressive drugs. Adverse events requiring hospitalization were limited to a 2-day episode of fever with neutropenia. The patient has had neither rejection episodes nor clinical manifestations of graft-versus-host disease.
Intermittent Exposure of Primitive Quiescent Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells to Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor <i>In vitro</i> Promotes their Elimination by Imatinib Mesylate
Authors: Heather G. Jørgensen, Mhairi Copland, Elaine K. Allan, Xiaoyan Jiang, Allen Eaves, Connie Eaves, Tessa L. Holyoake
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

Abstract Purpose: Primitive quiescent chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells are biologically resistant to imatinib mesylate, an inhibitor of the p210BCR-ABL kinase. The present study was designed to investigate whether either continuous or intermittent exposure of these cells to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in vitro can overcome this limitation to the effectiveness of imatinib mesylate therapy. Experimental Design: CD34+ leukemic cells were isolated from six newly diagnosed chronic phase CML patients and cultured for 12 days in serum-free medium with or without G-CSF and/or imatinib mesylate present either continuously or intermittently (three cycles of G-CSF for 0, 1, or 4 days ± imatinib mesylate for 0, 3, or 4 days). Every 4 days, the number of residual undivided viable cells and the total number of viable cells present were measured. Results: Intermittent but not continuous exposure to G-CSF significantly accelerated the disappearance in vitro of initially quiescent CD34+ CML cells. This resulted in 3- and 5-fold fewer of these cells remaining after 8 and 12 days, respectively, relative to continuous imatinib mesylate alone (P &amp;lt; 0.04). Cultures containing imatinib mesylate and intermittently added G-CSF also showed the greatest reduction in the total number of cells present after 12 days (5-fold more than imatinib mesylate alone). Conclusion: Intermittent exposure to G-CSF can enhance the effect of imatinib mesylate on CML cells by specifically targeting the primitive quiescent leukemic elements. A protocol for treating chronic-phase CML patients with imatinib mesylate that incorporates intermittent G-CSF exposure may offer a novel strategy for obtaining improved responses in vivo.
CD‐1 (T6), HLA‐DR‐expressing cells, presumably Langerhans cells, in nasal mucosa
Authors: W. J. Fokkens, T. M. Vroom, E. Rijntjes, P. G. H. Mulder
Journal: Allergy (1989)

In the skin, epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) constitute a major population of antigen‐presenting cells. These cells are characterized by the expression of both CD‐1 (T6) and HLA‐DR on the cell membrane. We wanted to know whether similar CD‐1/HLA‐DR‐positive cells occur in the nasal mucosa of patients with an isolated grass pollen allergy and in non‐allergic controls. CD‐1/HLA‐DR‐positive dendritic cells were found in columnar and cuboidal epithelium and the lamina propria of the nasal mucosa. These CD‐1/HLA‐DR‐positive cells presumably correspond with LC in the skin. We also found significantly more CD‐1‐positive cells in nasal biopsy samples of allergic than in those of the non‐allergic controls. In the allergic patients some of the CD‐1‐positive cells were found to be surface IgE‐positive, possibly due to passive adherence of IgE to Fc receptors.
Abstract 4784: CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes predict favorable prognosis in malignant pleural mesothelioma
Authors: Noriyuki Yamada, Satoshi Oizumi, Eiki Kikuchi, Naofumi Shinagawa, Jun Konishi, Atsushi Ishimine, Keisuke Aoe, Kenichi Gemba, Takumi Kishimoto, Toshihiko Torigoe, Masaharu Nishimura
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: Defect in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I expression may provide tumor cell with a mechanism to escape immune recognition, while T-cell infiltration is associated with good prognosis in many cancers. However, little has been known about the role of HLA class I expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). In this study, we investigated the immune profile and conducted outcome analyses in MPM patients. Experimental Design: HLA class I expression and TILs (CD4+, CD8+, and NK cells) were detected by immunohistochemistry in a series of 44 MPM cases. To detect HLA class I expression, specimens were stained with the anti-pan HLA class I monoclonal antibody EMR8-5. Results: The expression of HLA class I was positive in 33 patients (75%) and heterogenous in 11 patients (25%). There was no case that showed negative HLA class I expression. The density of CD4+ and CD8+ TILs were strongly correlated (R = 0.76, p&amp;lt;0.001). High density of CD8+ TILs were significantly better prognostic factor for survival of patients with extrapleural pneumonectomy (p&amp;lt;0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed high density of CD8+ TILs to be an independent prognostic factor. Conclusion: The presence of intratumoral CD8+ T cells correlated with improved clinical outcome, raising the possibility that CD8+ T cells might play a pivotal role in anti-tumor immune response against MPMs. Thus stimulation of CD8+ lymphocytes might offer new opportunities for efficacious immunotherapy in MPM. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4784.
Too soon to market
Authors: T. H S Dent, S. Hawke
Journal: BMJ (1997)

The present system by which new drugs enter the National Health Service is failing doctors and patients. It leads to prescribing and funding decisions being made on inadequate information, causes duplication of effort, and creates geographical inequities in the availability of drugs. We need a new approach which takes account of relative effectiveness and cost utility.

Drugs in Britain are licensed on the basis of the applicant's evidence of efficacy, acceptable toxicity, and proper manufacture. Much of the information on which the decision is based is unpublished at the time of licensing, although the European licensing body, the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products, now publishes summaries of its opinions. Doctors then have to decide whether to prescribe the (often expensive) new drug and health authorities to allow or resist its use. They turn for help to local sources of advice such as drug and therapeutics committees.

The doctors and pharmacists who provide advice at local level suffer from several handicaps. The published evidence is all they …
Risk Factors for Preeclampsia
Authors: Fiona Broughton Pipkin
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2001)

An estimated 50,000 women per year worldwide die from preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is more likely to develop in women whose mothers had preeclampsia than in women whose mothers did not.1 The daughters-in-law of women who had preeclampsia are also somewhat more likely to have preeclampsia than other women. According to data on approximately 1.7 million births in Norway,2 a woman who becomes pregnant by a man who has already had a child with a different woman who had preeclampsia during that pregnancy has a risk of preeclampsia that is nearly twice as high as that of a woman whose partner does . . .
Evaluation of aortic wall distensibility by aortic pressure-dimension relation: effects of nifedipine on aortic wall
Authors: M. KOHNO, T. KUMADA, M. OZAKI, M. MATSUZAKI, K. KATAYAMA, T. FUJII, T. MIURA, S. KOHTOKU, S. YATABE, M. YANO, T. HIRO, R. KUSUKAWA
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1987)

The relation between aortic pressure and dimension was studied before and after nifedipine infusion in eight anaesthetised dogs. An electromagnetic flowmeter was positioned in the proximal ascending aorta and one pair of ultrasonic dimension gauges attached to the thoracic aorta. A Millar micromanometer was positioned just below the dimension gauges. A constrictor was placed around the thoracic aorta distal to the dimension gauges to produce an abrupt rise in aortic pressure for 15 s. After complete recovery nifedipine (0.75 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) was infused for 10 min and the same procedure repeated. The ratio (delta D:delta P) of the difference (delta D) between maximum and minimum dimensions (D) to the pulse pressure (delta P) and the percentage distensibility (delta D/delta P/minimum D) were decreased significantly after aortic constriction (0.037(0.013) to 0.019(0.004) mm.mmHg-1 and 0.247(0.075) to 0.121(0.033)%.mmHg-1, p less than 0.01, respectively), suggesting that these indices depend on afterload. Beat to beat mean pressure-dimension relations during the release of aortic constriction showed a convex upward curve and was fitted by an exponential function with a high correlation coefficient (r = 0.99). The slope of this relation was significantly reduced after nifedipine compared with before nifedipine (379(83) to 330(119) mmHg.cm-1, p less than 0.05), suggesting an increase in aortic distensibility by nifedipine. When mean aortic pressure or stroke volume before and after nifedipine was compared at the same mean dimension, which was reduced by 5% of the control mean dimension, stroke volume increased to 128%(p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Reduced susceptibility to epinephrine-induced arrhythmias in cirrhotic rats: The roles of nitric oxide and endogenous opioid peptides
Authors: Sina Tavakoli, Amir Reza Hajrasouliha, Pejman Jabehdar-Maralani, Farzad Ebrahimi, Amirreza Solhpour, Hamed Sadeghipour, Mehdi Ghasemi, Ahmad R. Dehpour
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2006)
Linezolid and Reversible Myelosuppression
Authors: Stephen L. Green
Journal: JAMA (2001)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Knee Implant Problem Has Orthopedic Surgeons Begging for Independent Data
Authors: Paul Cotton
Journal: JAMA (1990)

SOME ORTHOPEDIC surgeons want to stop limping along on anecdotal data when choosing knee implants. Advertising claims by implant manufacturers are seldom substantiated by independent investigators and educational programs on surgical technique are often plagued by potential conflicts of interest, complained panel members at a recent symposium. They presented a "Critical Analysis of Today's Knee Implants" at the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons' (AAOS) annual meeting in New Orleans, La. Clement Sledge, MD, past president of the AAOS, is suggesting a surcharge of $5 per square foot on space in the academy meeting's exhibition hall to subsidize independent verification of such claims. The 147 000 sq ft of space rented to exhibitors at this year's meeting would have netted $735 000. Sledge says the necessary scientific assessment of materials, stresses, stability, and kinematics in implant design is "too complex for each of us as individuals to apply to every implant
Second beginning for in vitro fertilization research?
Authors: John Elliott
Journal: JAMA (1978)

The first tentative steps have been taken toward providing federal funding in the controversial research area of in vitro fertilization. The Ethics Advisory Board of the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare (HEW) recently conducted a hearing on the subject, described candidly by one of the participants as "an effort to close the barn door after the horse is already out." In the wake of the birth in England of Louise Brown, the world's first "laboratory-conceived" baby, the advisory group commissioned by HEW Secretary Joseph Califano heard testimony from US researchers anxious to match the success of their British counterparts. The testimony of Joseph D. Schulman, MD, head of the biochemical and developmental genetics section of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, perhaps best summed up the attitude of US researchers. "If we don't go ahead with research in embryo transfer in humans," he said, "then someone
A common presentation with a rare cause
Authors: J-C. Cutz, J. S. Woods, J. H. Mitchell, T. V. Colby, K. O. Leslie
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2007)

A 25-yr-old female presented to a pulmonary clinic carrying a plastic sandwich bag containing 50 mL of bloody sputum.She had experienced approximately eight episodes of haemoptysis similar to this throughout the previous year.Her primary care physician had treated her with antibiotics empirically; however, haemoptysis had recurred.
Enormous Abdominal Hernia: Technetium-99m Labeled RBC Study
Authors: ANNE BRASSARD, LISA LEBEL, LOUIS LAFLAMME, JEAN PAUL SOUCY
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1989)

A 65-year-old woman with a history of abdominal leiomyosarcoma (presently in remission) and an enormous incisional abdominal hernia had melena. Angiography with subsequent embolization of a jejunal branch of the superior mesenteric artery was performed. The patient was then referred for a Tc-99m labeled RBC study to evaluate the success of the embolization. The study was negative for gastrointestinal bleeding. However, multiple faint collections of tracer were noted in the lower abdomen and were later found to correspond to mesenteric vessels (accompanying small bowel loops) within the enormous incisional hernia.