tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
IGF‐I treatment of patients with Laron syndrome suppresses serum thrombopoietin levels but does not affect serum erythropoietin
Authors: Shevah Orit, Yacobovich Joanne, Zoldan Meira, Tamary Hannah, Laron Zvi
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

D-Dimer for the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism in childrenTo the Editor: Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including both deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in children.Although there is heightened awareness of this disease and its risk factors in children, there has been minimal evaluation of diagnostic tests (clinical prediction models, imaging modalities, and D-dimer assays) in children compared with adults [1].ELISA-based D-dimer assays have excellent sensitivity for the diagnosis of VTE in adults and this may permit the exclusion of VTE [2].However, the utility of D-dimer assays for VTE in children has not been evaluated.We performed a retrospective chart review of patients 21 years of age at Johns Hopkins Hospital with suspected VTE, imaging studies, and quantitative D-dimer.We used a discharge and billing database to identify patients and extracted information on potential risk factors, clinical findings, laboratory and imaging studies, and treatment.D-dimer was measured with an immunoturbidimetric assay on a Blood Coagulation System (BCS) analyzer (Advanced D-dimer; Dade-Behring) as per the manufacturer's specifications.We identified 33 patients (20 male and 13 female) with diagnostic imaging studies and measurement of D-dimer within 72 hr.Twenty-six had acute VTE (15 DVT, 3 PE, and 8 both], six with unchanged chronic VTE (5 DVT and 1 PE), and one without VTE (suspected PE).Most patients had multiple acquired risk factors for VTE with central venous catheters (54%), infections (40%), and immobility (42%) most frequent.D-dimer was significantly elevated in children with VTE (median 5.0, IQR 2.05-16.44)compared with children with negative evaluations for acute VTE (median 1.58, IQR 1.46-3.11,P 5 0.01) and pediatric controls [(median 1.2, IQR 0.8-1.5,P 5 0.0001) Fig. 1].There was minimal overlap between the groups with and without acute VTE.The normal range of D-dimer was similar in healthy adults (>40 years old, 0.43-2.24mg/L) and children (2-12 years old, 0.4-2.27mg/L).We found that the D-dimer test was sensitive but only moderately specific for the diagnosis of VTE in children, and that the performance varied with the chosen cut-off.This assay is approved for the diagnosis of VTE in adults; the cut-off is 1.
Changes of hemostasis, endogenous fibrinolysis, platelet activation and endothelins after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty in patients with stable angina
Authors: Markus Borries, Yuriko Fischer, Hugo Stiegler, Ansgar Peters, Bodo E. Strauer, Matthias Leschke, Michael Heins, Hans Reinauer, Frank C. Schoebel
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Just saying no
Authors: Theodore Dalrymple
Journal: BMJ (2008)

<b>Objective.</b> The objective of this study was to assess factors impacting metacognition during the advanced pharmacy practice experience (APPE) year for student pharmacists at five different institutions. <b>Methods.</b> Student pharmacists completed a pre- and post-APPE year survey, which collected data on demographics, curricular and co-curricular experiences, and the 19-item modified metacognition assessment inventory (MAI). Additionally, the post-APPE survey collected data on learning activities completed during the APPE year. Matched survey responses were analyzed using paired t-tests and Spearman’s correlation to identify associations between change in MAI and individual experiences. <b>Results.</b> A total of 139 matched responses were analyzed. A statistically significant improvement in overall student pharmacist metacognition was seen in matched pre- versus post-APPE surveys. Several statistically significant, moderate to weak correlations were associated with a change in MAI over the APPE year. <b>Conclusion.</b> The APPE year resulted in a statistically significant change in student pharmacists’ metacognition at five institutions. This improvement was multifactorial as individual factors had minimal association with the change in metacognition.
Bone Abnormalities After Gastric Surgery
Authors: RAYMOND GARRICK
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1971)

Thirty-six patients who had undergone gastric surgery 3 to 9 years before this study were subjected to an iliac crest biopsy. Quantitative analysis of undecalcified sections showed abnormal findings in 16 patients. Fifteen had an abnormally large amount of osteoid, six had a reduction in total bone, and five had a combination of the two abnormalities. Mild osteomalacia after gastrectomy appears to be more prevalent than previously suspected. Significant histological changes may occur in the absence of clinical, radiological, or biochemical abnormalities.
A Doctor in the Family
Authors: Bhuvana Chandra
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2000)

On Being a Doctor16 May 2000A Doctor in the FamilyBhuvana Chandra, MDBhuvana Chandra, MDNorthridge, CA 91326 (Chandra)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-132-10-200005160-00014 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail My father walked barefoot tothe municipal schoolwith no money for lunchand torn, fourth-hand books.And every day his feet stungfrom giant spider bites.His friend had a motherwho squatted on street cornersand fried snacks in hot oilso her son could have slippers.My father was motherless.As a child, I heard himmutter at beggars, thosewho swarmed at the entrancesto temples and stores.His eyes gave him away.“Go on,” he'd say, slippingcoins in a trickle into each of their hands.that blocked the ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Bhuvana Chandra, MDAffiliations: Northridge, CA 91326 (Chandra)Current Author Address: Bhuvana Chandra, Box 7694, Northridge, CA 91327. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 16 May 2000Volume 132, Issue 10 Page: 838-839 Keywords Oils Stroke ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 16 May 2000 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2000 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
THE STREPTOKINASE-PLASMINOGEN SYSTEM
Authors: Robert I. Krasner, Genevieve Young
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1959)

Human plasminogen, plasma, or serum increased the pathogenicity of six streptokinase-positive streptococcal strains for mice. Combinations of commercial streptokinase and plasminogen or streptokinase and plasma did not usually increase mouse mortality to a greater degree than did plasminogen or plasma alone, suggesting that the maximal effective amount of streptokinase was produced by the organisms. The pathogenicity of Salmonella paratyphi (fibrinolysin variable) and a Group D streptococcus (streptokinase-negative) was not increased by plasminogen, plasma, or streptokinase, whereas a combination of streptokinase and plasminogen, or streptokinase and plasma did significantly increase mouse mortality resulting from these organisms. Combinations of certain concentrations of streptokinase and plasminogen increased the pathogenicity of a fibrinolysin-negative staphylococcal strain for mice to a greater extent than did either substance alone. The observed results provide evidence that streptokinase, by an interaction with plasminogen, contributes to the pathogenicity of streptokinase-positive streptococci.
Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen on Symptoms and Quality of Life Among Service Members With Persistent Postconcussion Symptoms
Authors: R. Scott Miller, Lindell K. Weaver, Nazanin Bahraini, Susan Churchill, Robert C. Price, Virginia Skiba, James Caviness, Scott Mooney, Brian Hetzell, Jun Liu, Kayla Deru, Richard Ricciardi, Susan Fracisco, Nicole C. Close, Gerald W. Surrett, Corinna Bartos, Margaret Ryan, Lisa A. Brenner
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2014)

IMPORTANCE Improvement has been anecdotally observed in patients with persistent postconcussion symptoms (PCS) after mild traumatic brain injury following treatment with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO).The effectiveness of HBO as an adjunctive treatment for PCS is unknown to date.OBJECTIVES To compare the safety of and to estimate the efficacy for symptomatic outcomes from standard PCS care alone, care supplemented with HBO, or a sham procedure.DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Multicenter, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial of 72 military service members with ongoing symptoms at least 4 months after mild traumatic brain injury enrolled at military hospitals in Colorado, North Carolina, California, and Georgia between April 26, 2011, and August 24, 2012.Assessments occurred before randomization, at the midpoint, and within 1 month after completing the interventions.INTERVENTIONS Routine PCS care was provided in specialized clinics.In addition, participants were randomized 1:1:1 to 40 HBO sessions administered at 1.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA), 40 sham sessions consisting of room air at 1.2 ATA, or no supplemental chamber procedures. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire (RPQ) served as the primary outcome measure.A change score of at least 2 points on the RPQ-3 subscale (range, 0-12) was defined as clinically significant.Change scores from baseline were calculated for the RPQ-3 and for the total RPQ.Secondary measures included additional patient-reported outcomes and automated neuropsychometric testing. RESULTSOn average, participants had sustained 3 lifetime mild traumatic brain injuries; the most recent occurred 23 months before enrollment.No differences were observed between groups for improvement of at least 2 points on the RPQ-3 subscale (25% in the no intervention group, 52% in the HBO group, and 33% in the sham group; P = .24).Compared with the no intervention group (mean change score, 0.5; 95% CI, -4.8 to 5.8; P = .91),both groups undergoing supplemental chamber procedures showed improvement in symptoms on the RPQ (mean change score, 5.4; 95% CI, -0.5 to 11.3; P = .008in the HBO group and 7.0; 95% CI, 1.0-12.9;P = .02in the sham group).No difference between the HBO group and the sham group was observed (P = .70).Chamber sessions were well tolerated.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among service members with persistent PCS, HBO showed no benefits over sham compressions.Both intervention groups demonstrated improved outcomes compared with PCS care alone.This finding suggests that the observed improvements were not oxygen mediated but may reflect nonspecific improvements related to placebo effects.
FDA Responds to Institute of Medicine Drug Safety Recommendations—In Part
Authors: Bruce M. Psaty, R. Alta Charo
Journal: JAMA (2007)

THE WITHDRAWAL OF ROFECOXIB IN SEPTEMBER 2004 and the reports of health risks associated with several other drugs have raised questions about the integrity of the US drug safety system. In response, and at the request of the Center for Drug Evaluation and Research of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Institute of Medicine (IOM) issued a comprehensive review and set of recommendations for reforms. The FDA has taken the unusual step of providing a detailed, public response. The FDA’s new initiatives and its responsiveness to the IOM report represent incremental progress that offers insights into FDA’s culture and perhaps glimpses at the future of drug safety.
Insulin Suppresses Plasma Concentration of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9
Authors: Paresh Dandona, Ahmad Aljada, Priya Mohanty, Husam Ghanim, Arindam Bandyopadhyay, Ajay Chaudhuri
Journal: Diabetes Care (2003)

We recently demonstrated a potent anti-inflammatory and thus a potential antiatherogenic effect of insulin in human aortic endothelial cells and mononuclear cells at physiologically relevant concentrations. We have now further investigated the anti-inflammatory suppressive action of insulin on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9. VEGF and MMP-9 play a central regulatory role in angiogenesis, contribute to the pathogenesis of proliferative retinopathy, and have also been found to accelerate atherosclerosis.Insulin was infused (2 IU/h) in 5% dextrose (100 ml/h) and KCl (8 mmol/h) into 10 fasting, obese, nondiabetic subjects for 4 h. Subjects were also infused with 5% dextrose without insulin and with saline on two separate occasions. Blood samples were obtained at 0, 2, 4, and 6 h.Plasma insulin concentrations increased from a basal level of 12.5 +/- 2.2 to 28.2 +/- 3.3 micro U/ml at 2 h and 24.4 +/- 3.7 micro U/ml at 4 h after insulin infusion. VEGF concentration decreased from 307.2 +/- 163.8 pg/ml (100%) at 0 h to 73.5 +/- 20.9% of the basal level at 2 h and 67.1 +/- 23.2% at 4h. Plasma MMP-9 concentrations decreased from 375 +/- 196.3 ng/ml (100%) at 0 h to 83 +/- 22% of the basal level at 2 h and to 82 +/- 21% of the basal level at 4 h (P < 0.05). Dextrose infusion alone did not change plasma VEGF concentration. However, plasma MMP-9 concentration increased significantly at 4 h following dextrose infusion alone (P < 0.05). Saline infusions without insulin caused no alteration in glucose, insulin, VEGF, or MMP-9.These observations may have implications for a potential antiretinopathic and antiatherosclerotic effect of insulin in the long term.
Identifying Patients at Risk of Complete Nonresponse in the Outpatient Treatment of Depression
Authors: Henricus L. Van, Jack Dekker, Jaap Peen, Gerda van Aalst, Robert A. Schoevers
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (2008)

&lt;i&gt;Background:&lt;/i&gt; Although complete nonresponse in depression treatment is considered to be a major problem in clinical practice, research in this area is very limited. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine the frequency and predictors of complete nonresponse in different treatments for depression. &lt;i&gt;Methods:&lt;/i&gt; Post hocanalysis of the pooled data of 3 consecutive randomized controlled trials of outpatient depression treatment was conducted. The subjects were 313 patients with major depressive disorder and 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D-17) scores between 14 and 25 who were treated for 6 months with either pharmacotherapy, short-term psychodynamic supportive psychotherapy or combined therapy. Complete nonresponse was defined as a &lt;25% response according to the HAM-D-17. Sociodemographic factors, depression features and adherence were investigated as predictors in a multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis. &lt;i&gt;Results:&lt;/i&gt; Overall, nonresponse occurred in 34% of the patients. In pharmacotherapy this was 46%, in psychotherapy 39% and in combined therapy 28%. The severity of somatic symptoms was associated with nonresponse in both combined therapy and psychotherapy. No predictive factors were found in the case of pharmacotherapy. In psychotherapy, nonresponse was related to age above 40 years, chronic depression and nonadherence by the patient. In the case of combined therapy, younger age, previous use of an antidepressant and having a previous depressive episode were associated with nonresponse. &lt;i&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/i&gt; Easily measurable patient characteristics may help to identify patients at risk of complete nonresponse to treatment. It is suggested that predictors may differ across treatment modalities. However, head-to-head comparisons are required before it can be recommended to take this into account when selecting the most appropriate treatment for individual depressed patients.
Treatment of Intra-atrial Cardiac Tumors
Authors: David C. Cleveland
Journal: JAMA (1983)

Intracavitary tumors of the atria are rare, generally diagnosed as myxoma, and considered benign. Of 20 such tumors presenting for surgery between Jan 1, 1967, and Jan 1, 1982, sixteen were myxomas: 13 in the left and three in the right atrium. Four additional patients operated on for suspected right atrial myxoma had other lesions: two thrombus (simulating myxoma), one leiomyoma originating in the right iliac vein, and one clear cell adenocarcinoma from the left kidney. One initially benign myxoma underwent malignant transformation. Eighteen hospital survivors were followed up from one month to 134 months (mean, 61 months). All are New York Heart Association class I. We recommend inferior vena cavagram for right-sided lesions. For patients older than 40 years, coronary angiography and appropriate bypass grafting should be performed. Surgery must include resection of all abnormal tissue. Follow-up with echocardiography should continue for five years. (<i>JAMA</i>1983;249:2799-2802)
Leg ulceration with associated thrombocytosis: healing of ulceration associated with treatment of the raised platelet count
Authors: None Wirth, None Schoepf, None Mertelsmann, None Lindemann
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Thrombocytosis is the cause of various complications in myeloproliferative disorders. We present the case of a 54-year-old woman with chronic myelogenous leukaemia who developed large ulcers on both lower legs that were refractory to standard treatment. As concomitant thrombocytosis persisted despite treatment with hydroxyurea, the new megakaryocyte inhibitor anagrelide (AgrelinR) was administered and led to normalization of the platelet count within 11 days. The leg ulcers started to heal after 2 weeks and disappeared over a period of 5 months. Our findings argue for a pathogenic role of platelets in the development of leg ulcers in patients with thrombocytosis due to a myeloproliferative disorder.
Immune status in atopic eczema: a survey
Authors: N.A. BYROM, D.M. TIMLIN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1979)

We have searched the literature for data on the in vitro assessment of immune status in atopic eczema patients, and have found much confusion. The major findings are tabulated. It is concluded that atopic eczema is a form of immune deficiency, although it is unclear whether this is a primary or secondary defect. Most authors find a T-lymphocyte deficit while eosinophils, B lymphocytes and serum IgE are increased. Serum IgE levels appear to correlated with severity of eczema symptoms. We have previously suggested that T-lymphocyte levels are overestimated in eczema when fetal calf serum is used in the E-rosette assay. Analysis of the literature for the effect of this serum in the assay confirms that there is a T-lymphocyte deficit in atopic eczema, but that the serum masks it. Thus, much of the confusion surrounding this issue can be resolved.
Secretion of antidiuretic hormone in hyponatraemia: not always "inappropriate".
Authors: S O'Rahilly
Journal: BMJ (1985)

Non-suppression of cortisol by dexamethasone has been described as a biological marker of a diagnostic subgroup of depressed patients.This paper presents the hypothesis that the degree of non-suppression is a variable that reflects the quantity of stress or distress experienced by the patient rather than relating to a specific diagnosis.Such a quantitative measure of stress would be valuable for research in general medicine as weli as in
Downregulation of RUNX1/CBFβ by MLL fusion proteins enhances hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal
Authors: Xinghui Zhao, Aili Chen, Xiaomei Yan, Yue Zhang, Fuhong He, Yoshihiro Hayashi, Yunzhu Dong, Yalan Rao, Bo Li, Rajeana M. Conway, Alba Maiques-Diaz, Shannon E. Elf, Nuomin Huang, Johannes Zuber, Zhijian Xiao, William Tse, Daniel G. Tenen, Qianfei Wang, Wei Chen, James C. Mulloy, Stephen D. Nimer, Gang Huang
Journal: Blood (2014)
Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics
Authors: Reginald R. Cooper
Journal: JAMA (1992)

Soon after its introduction by Willis C. Campbell in 1939, this text became the classic treatise on operative orthopedics. Subsequent editors, including the present one, Dr Crenshaw, continued to generate the tremendous dedication necessary to maintain the book's enviable status. Now, as a five-volume "course" in orthopedic surgery written by numerous members of the staff of Campbell Clinic, this monumental work, as usual, includes much more than operative technique. In a reproduction of the preface to the first edition, Dr Campbell notes that "the title of this book,<i>Operative Orthopaedics</i>, is not intended to convey the impression that the chief, or most important, method of treatment of orthopaedic affections is open surgery—the majority are successfully treated by more conservative means." In this day of rapid innovations, when technology has frequently submerged rationality and the scientific approach, we should all heed this admonition if we hope to avoid a fate wherein
Cancer Among Medical Diagnostic X-Ray Workers in China
Authors: J.-X. Wang, J. D. Boice, B.-X. Li, J.-Y. Zhang, J. F. Fraumeni
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1988)

Cancer incidence among 27,011 diagnostic x-ray workers was compared to that of 25,782 other medical specialists employed between 1950 and 1980 in China. X-ray workers had a 50% higher risk of developing cancer than the other specialists [relative risk (RR) = 1.5; 95% CI = 1.3-1.7]. Leukemia was strongly linked to radiation work (RR = 3.5, n = 30). Cancers of the breast (RR = 1.4, n = 11), thyroid (RR = 2.1, n = 7), and skin (RR = 1.5, n = 6) were increased among x-ray workers employed for 10 or more years. High risks of cancers of the esophagus (RR = 3.5, n = 15) and liver (RR = 2.4, n = 48) were not consistent with a radiation effect since risk did not vary by duration of employment. This finding suggested that some differences might exist between groups of hospital workers in social class, alcohol intake, dietary habits, and other risk factors. No excess lung cancer (RR = 0.9, n = 22) or multiple myeloma (n = 0) was observed. Significant excesses of leukemia and cancers of the breast and thyroid occurred among x-ray workers first employed prior to 1960 when radiation exposures in China were high. In fact, it was not uncommon for employees to be given time off from x-ray work because their wbc count was severely depressed. These data indicated that repeated exposure to x-rays over many years can increase the risk of leukemia and several other tumors but apparently not that of lung cancer.
Combing and combating head lice
Authors: Martin Dawes
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Although large advances in dealing with heart disease may come in the future from gene therapy and stem cell research, it will still be important to determine beyond question whether antibiotic therapy can or cannot reduce C pneumoniae carriage by peripheral blood mononuclear cells.A finding that carriage can be greatly reduced or abolished significantly would provide a logical basis for trials of antibiotic treatment, not in patients with myocardial infarcts, but in young people without well established atherosclerosis.Of course, vaccination of the young against C pneumoniae, although hard to contemplate at the moment, is another avenue that could be taken.Such kinds of research will undoubtedly prove difficult but without implementation, the role, if any, of C pneumoniae in cardiovascular disease will remain shrouded in mystery for many years to come.
Diphencyprone in the treatment of long-standing alopecia areata
Authors: SUSAN MACDONALD HULL, J. F. NORRIS
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1988)

Journal Article Diphencyprone in the treatment of long‐standing alopecia areata Get access SUSAN MACDONALD HULL, SUSAN MACDONALD HULL Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. S.MacDonald Hull. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar J. F. NORRIS J. F. NORRIS Department of Dermatology, The General Infirmary, Leeds LS1 3EX, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 119, Issue 3, 1 September 1988, Pages 367–374, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1988.tb03230.x Published: 01 September 1988