tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nova et Vetera
Authors: A G MOORE
Journal: BMJ (1962)

LANGWITH LODGEMBRnr Despite all these advantages some of the patients who come to Langwith Lodge do not know the basic prin- ciples underlying urine-testing, diet, and insulin treat- ment.When there are empty beds at Langwith Lodge, advantage is taken of this to admit new diabetics from the Mansfield Clinic for stabilization.These patients can learn a great deal in a short time, because for two to four weeks they live in a manner approximating to their home conditions, they are being continually shown how to manage their diets, insulin, and urine tests, and they discuss their problems among themselves and with the members of the staff.This seems to be the ideal way of helping the ordinary patient to understand how to make the adjustment to his life that diabetes necessitates. ConclusionI feel that there are three major ways in which diabetic patients can be helped in the future.The first is by more research work; the second is by educating our doctors, dietitians, and patients to a better understanding of the simple problems which the average patient meets in everyday life; and the third is by the development of hostels or annexes to hospitals where patients can live and can learn about the management of their diabetes.
Abstract 3564: Enalapril Increases Relative Myocardial Glucose Uptake Early Post-Ischemic Injury
Authors: Victor A Ferrari, Beat Jucker, Luis Araujo, Jeffrey Arkles, Fabao Gao, Rong Zhou
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Maintenance of anaerobic glycolysis immediately following acute myocardial ischemia is necessary for cell viability. We hypothesized that enalapril, a known cardioprotective agent, preserves glucose utilization in the infarct and border zones at 3 hours post ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in a rat model. Methods: PET imaging was performed 3 hours after I/R injury in rats pre-treated for 7 days with vehicle (V, n=9) or enalapril at 30 mg/kg po (E, n=9) using a microPET scanner and 13N-ammonia (13NH3 ) for perfusion and 18F-fluoredeoxyglucose (18FDG) for glucose uptake measurements. Infarct size was calculated at necropsy using TTC as a percent of risk region (% RR). Kinetic SUV analysis was used to compare regional PET activity in the Remote (Rem), Border Zone (BZ), and Defect (Inf) territories. Infarct size was similar between groups (V, % RR= 25.3 vs. E, % RR= 24.0, p=NS). The relative glucose uptake to perfusion was estimated by the ratio of 18FDG to 13NH3 by Group and Region. While E increased this ...
UNC1666, a Dual Mer and Flt-3 Tyrosine Kinase Small Molecule Inhibitor In Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Alisa B. Lee-Sherick, Kelly Menachof, Amanda A Hill, Sean Rinella, Jing Liu, Deborah DeRyckere, Xiaodong Wang, Stephen V Frye, H. Shelton Earp, Douglas K. Graham
Journal: Blood (2013)
P0217 : Use of beta-blockers at the onset of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis may be beneficial due to modulation of immune response
Authors: P. Lutz, H.D. Nischalke, B. Kraemer, B. Langhans, S. Schlabe, J. Nattermann, A. Hoerauf, C.P. Strassburg, U. Spengler
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2015)
Testing patients with non-specific symptoms for antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato does not provide useful clinical information about their aetiology
Authors: M Markowicz, D Kivaranovic, G Stanek
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)

The aim of this study was to determine whether patients with antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato or who report a history of erythema migrans (EM) or tick bite are more likely to have non-specific symptoms such as musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, sensory disorder, and headache. The study group comprised 423 subjects with non-specific symptoms tested for antibodies against B. burgdorferi sensu lato between July 2012 and December 2014 because of suspicion of Lyme borreliosis (LB). Of these, 285 were females (67%) and 138 were males (33%); the median age was 53 years (range, 7-89 years). Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of LB and patients with a known underlying disease that could influence the development of the symptoms were excluded from the evaluation. Subjects were assigned to the seronegative group or to one of three seropositive groups, and the history of EM and tick bite was also recorded. Statistical analysis was performed with single chi-square tests of independence and multiple logistic regression models. No differences in the occurrence of non-specific symptoms were observed between patients grouped according to antibody status. A history of EM showed no significant effect on any of the non-specific symptoms. A history of tick bite was weakly correlated with joint pain and joint swelling (p <0.05). In conclusion, it is highly unlikely that the complaints are related to a previous infection with B. burgdorferi sensu lato. The results show that testing patients with non-specific symptoms for antibodies against B. burgdorferi sensu lato in the everyday clinical setting does not provide any useful information about their aetiology.
DNA hypermethylation and histone hypoacetylation of the HLTF gene is associated with reduced expression in gastric carcinoma
Authors: Yoichi Hamai, Naohide Oue, Yoshitsugu Mitani, Reiko Ito, Keisuke Matsusaki, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Tetsuya Toge, Wataru Yasui
Journal: Cancer Research (2004)

4169   The SWI/SNF proteins are ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzymes that have been implicated in the regulation of gene expression. Recent studies have shown that members of the SWI/SNF superfamily can function as tumor suppressor genes. DNA methylation and transcriptional inactivation of the HLTF gene, which is a homologue to SWI/SNF genes, have been shown in colon cancer. In the present study, we studied the DNA methylation status of the HLTF gene by methylation-specific PCR in 50 gastric carcinoma tissues, and seven gastric carcinoma cell lines and compared methylation status with levels of HLTF mRNA expression. DNA methylation of the HLTF gene was found in 25 (50%) of 50 gastric carcinomas, and levels of HLTF mRNA were associated with methylation status of HLTF (p = 0.027; Mann-Whitney U test). There were no correlations between HLTF mRNA levels and DNA methylation and T grade, N grade, tumor stage, or histological type. In corresponding non-neoplastic mucosae, DNA methylation of the HLTF gene was found in 1(7%) of 15 samples. The methylated allele was not detected in any of 10 normal gastric mucosae from 10 young healthy volunteers. Among seven gastric carcinoma cell lines, the KATO-III cell line showed loss of HLTF mRNA expression associated with DNA methylation. This loss was rectified by treatment with both Aza-2’-deoxycytidine, a demethylating agent, and trichostatin A, a histone deacetylase inhibitor. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that the acetylation levels of histones H3 and H4 in the 5’ CpG island of the HLTF gene were inversely associated with DNA methylation status. These results suggest that transcriptional inactivation of HLTF by aberrant DNA methylation and histone deacetylation may be involved in stomach carcinogenesis through down-regulation of HLTF expression.
Heterogeneity in lung function of PiZZ alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency: Impact of occupation in predicting disease severity
Authors: Kay Roy, Donna Cummins, Karl Sylvester, Ravi Mahadeva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Introduction 

Alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency remains under-recognised and mostly undiagnosed. PiZZ phenotype exhibits heterogeneity and is associated with severe emphysema and hepatic cirrhosis. Gene-environment interactions may determine distinct clinical phenotypes amenable to individualised treatments.

Aim 

To characterise a young PiZZ cohort by comorbidities and airway physiology and explore the impact of environmental factors on disease severity.

Methods 

41 PiZZ patients age range 16-55 years (mean 47) were identified from our local database. Occupational and past medical history and lung physiology data were reviewed.

Results 

6 had liver disease (8 underwent liver biopsy) of whom only 2 had a history of alcohol excess. 3 patients had bronchiectasis, 1 Wegeners and 1 had asthma.20 had an affected first or second degree relative. Patients with a positive smoking history (Sm+) (current and ex smokers with over 10 pack years) plus occupational exposure (Occ+) to dust and particles had significantly lower FEV1 % predicted compared to those with neither smoking (Sm-) or significant occupational history (Occ-); mean(95% CI) of 41.4 (18.3 - 64.6) versus 87.5 (53.9 - 121.2), P= 0.0123.

![Figure][1] 



Conclusion In our population of young PiZZ patients a combination of smoking history and occupational exposure is particularly detrimental to lung function. Appropriate counseling is indicated.

 [1]: pending:yes
Abstract 2367: Omega 3 Fatty Acid Supplementation Reduce One-Year Risk of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients Hospitalized with Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Alejandro Macchia, Simona Monte, Fabio Pellegrini, Marilena Romero, Daniel Ferrante, Hernan Doval, Aldo P Maggioni, Gianni Tognoni
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: Current medical strategies for avoidance of atrial fibrillation (AF) are of limited value. Anti-arrhythmic agents faced major challenges related to their limited efficacy and their serious and frequent side effects. Epidemiological studies, clinical trials and basic science support the role of Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) in reducing all cause mortality among patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI), mostly by reducing ventricular arrhythmias. However their effects regarding supraventricular arrhythmia are not well characterized. Aim: To assess the effect of supplementation with n-3 PUFA for the prevention of AF. Methods: Population study, linking administrative datasets from hospital discharge, prescription databases and vital statistics, including all consecutive patients with MI (code ICD-9: 410) in 6 Italian regions during a 3-year period. Follow up was extended up to one year or to time to event. A Cox regression model adjusted for propensity score (PS) quintiles was used. Further a PS-based 5 to 1 greedy matching algorithm and sensitivity analysis were used to assess robustness of our findings. Results: Three thousand two hundred and forty-two (3,242) patients were identified and included in the analysis. Of these, 208 (6.4%) were exposed to n-3 PUFA during follow up. Four out of 208 (1.9%) patients exposed to n-3 PUFA were hospitalized with AF during follow up as compared with 467 out of 3,034 (15.4%) of those not exposed to supplement n-3 PUFA. The PS-quintiles adjusted hazard ratio (HR) estimate was 0.19 (95%CI 0.07– 0.51; p=0.001). The PS based 5 to 1 greedy matching algorithm and sensitivity analysis confirm main results (HR=0.13; 95%CI 0.04 – 0.44; p=0.001). Conclusion: n-3 PUFA reduce the occurrence of one year AF in patients hospitalized with MI.
Patients with refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection following allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation are at high risk for CMV disease and non-relapse mortality
Authors: J. Liu, J. Kong, Y.J. Chang, H. Chen, Y.H. Chen, W. Han, Y. Wang, C.H. Yan, J.Z. Wang, F.R. Wang, Y. Chen, X.H. Zhang, L.P. Xu, K.Y. Liu, X.J. Huang
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)
Abstract 1026: Systemic Chemokines Levels and Incident Coronary Heart Disease and Ischemic Stroke Events in Asymptomatic Middle-aged Men: The Prime Study
Authors: Florence Canoui-Poitrine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Gerald Luc, Emeline Machez, Annie Bingham, Jean Ferrieres, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Michele Montaye, John Yarnell, Bernadette Haas, Dominique Arveiler, Pierre Morange, Irene Juhan-Vague, Frank Kee, Alun Evans, Philippe Amouyel, Pierre Ducimetiere, Jean-Philippe Empana
Journal: Circulation (2009)
Relationship between numeracy and breast cancer patients’ estimates of adjuvant treatment benefit
Authors: I. M. Lipkus, G. G. Kimmick, S. Y. Chui, D. L. Fifield, L. A. Werner, P. K. Marcom
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2006)

586 Background: Based on clinical anecdotes and existing literature, the general population has trouble understanding and making use of statistical information. We explored the accuracy of breast cancer patients’ (pts) estimates of treatment outcomes (probabilities of remaining cancer free versus recurring) relative to data provided by ‘Adjuvant! Online‘ decision aid program, and whether accuracy differed by pts numeracy skills (i.e. use of mathematical concepts and operations). Methods: 43 ER+ women with early stage, node-negative breast cancer were recruited (mean age 56, 72% Caucasian). After signing an informed consent and completing an assessment of numeracy (Lipkus et al., 2001), pts discussed case-specific Adjuvant! print-outs with an oncologist. Pts then estimated their chances of being cancer free after receiving no further treatment, hormonal therapy only, chemotherapy only, or both. Pts also were asked to select the treatment option that afforded their best chance of remaining cancer free. Results: Compared to the estimates provided by Adjuvant! Online, pts underestimated their chance of being cancer free after receiving no further treatment (M=62 vs. 48 out of 100), hormonal therapy only (M=72 vs. 45), chemotherapy only, (M=71 vs.42), and combined therapy (M=78 vs. 54). 63% correctly selected the treatment option that afforded the highest estimate of being cancer free. More numerate patients were more likely to correctly specify which treatment option provided the best chance of being cancer free (OR=0.67, 95% CI: 0.50, 0.89, p&lt;.006); and less likely to give personal estimates of being cancer free inconsistent with estimates provided by Adjuvant! for hormonal therapy (OR=0.17, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.72, p&lt;.02), chemotherapy (OR=0.62, 95% CI: 0.39, 0.99, p&lt;.05) and combined therapy (OR=0.44, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.85, p&lt;.02). Conclusions: Findings suggest that pt numeracy skills are important in comprehending statistical data about adjuvant treatment outcomes. Numeracy skills may have implications for how statistical information about treatment is presented and discussed, affecting processes of informed decision-making and pt quality of life. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 250: Potential Plaque Stabilizing Effects of IGF-1 in Atherosclerosis
Authors: Jan H von der Thusen, Sandra van Heiningen, Theo J van Berkel, Erik A Biessen
Journal: Circulation (2006)

The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in atherosclerosis remains unclear. Whereas some studies report a potential anti-atherogenic effect of this hormone, others point towards an unfavor...
Abstract 5304: A serum protein test for improved prognostic stratification of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS)
Authors: Joanna Roder, Judith Löffler-Ragg, Reinhard Stauder, Ulrich Germing, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Peter Valent, Heinrich Roder, Arni Steingrimsson, Heinz Zwierzina
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract While existing scoring systems provide physicians with methods of assessing prognosis of patients with MDS and help with the choice of appropriate treatment regimens, some patients defined as lower risk still have poor outcomes and tests which can refine current stratifications are of clinical interest. Serum samples, clinical and survival data were available from 106 MDS patients with refractory anemia (RA) (n = 46), RA with excess blasts (n = 29), RA with ring sideroblasts (n = 14), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = 17). The international prognostic scoring system (IPSS) score distribution 0/0.5/1/&amp;gt;1 was n = 36/23/24/12. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectra were acquired from the samples using the deep MALDI method1, allowing a deep probing of the proteome. The spectra were preprocessed and spectral features defined. The integrated intensities of these features were combined with the survival data using deep learning based machine learning techniques to create classifiers able to stratify patients into groups with better and worse survival. Patients in the good prognosis group had median survival of 52 months, compared with 23 months in the poor prognosis group (hazard ratio = 0.37, p &amp;lt; 0.001). Within the subgroup of patients with refractory anemia (n = 46) it was possible to identify a group of patients with no death events before 30 months, while median survival in the other patients was only 25 months. Multivariate analysis stratified by MDS subtype found that the mass spectral (MS) classification was a significant independent predictor of survival even when adjusted for international prognostic scoring system (IPSS) score and cytogenetic status. MS classification was able to separate low to intermediate risk (IPSS 0-1) and good karyotype subgroups into groups with significantly better and worse survival. If validated in an independent dataset, this serum test would provide complementary information for physicians to consider in addition to existing scoring systems to aid in planning treatment for MDS patients. 1. M Duncan et al, Proceedings of the 61st ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics. Minneapolis, MN June 8-9, 2013 MP 181. Citation Format: Joanna Roder, Judith Löffler-Ragg, Reinhard Stauder, Ulrich Germing, Wolfgang R. Sperr, Peter Valent, Heinrich Roder, Arni Steingrimsson, Heinz Zwierzina. A serum protein test for improved prognostic stratification of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5304. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5304
FK506 in combination with methotrexate for the prevention of graft- versus-host disease after marrow transplantation from matched unrelated donors
Authors: RA Nash, LA Pineiro, R Storb, HJ Deeg, WE Fitzsimmons, T Furlong, JA Hansen, T Gooley, RM Maher, P Martin, PA McSweeney, KM Sullivan, C Anasetti, JW Fay
Journal: Blood (1996)
Dietary patterns and risk of rectal cancer
Authors: Christina Williams, Jessie Satia, Christopher Martin, Robert Sandler
Journal: Cancer Research (2008)

3090    Background:  Most research concerning diet and colorectal cancer has focused on individual nutrients and food groups, as opposed to dietary patterns which take into account the synergistic effect of foods and food constituents. There are few published studies on the epidemiology of diet and rectal cancer alone; fewer have examined dietary patterns and none have included a substantial number of African-Americans.  Objective:  The purpose of this report is to examine associations of dietary eating patterns with rectal cancer risk in Whites and African-Americans.  Methods:  Data are from the North Carolina Colon Cancer Study -Phase 2, a population-based case-control study of rectal cancer. Participants include rectal cancer cases (including sigmoid and rectosigmoid) diagnosed with a first primary adenocarcinoma between August 1, 2001 and October 30, 2006 and cancer-free controls. All participants were 40-79 years of age and resided in one of the 33 target counties. Data were collected on various demographic, lifestyle, and other risk factors for rectal cancer in person by trained nurse-interviewers. Diet was assessed using a validated Diet History Questionnaire developed by the National Cancer Institute, and assessed intake 1 year prior to diagnosis (cases) or interview (controls). Principal components analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were obtained through logistic regression, examining combined and separate models for African-Americans and Whites.  Results:  Five dietary patterns were identified. The dietary patterns accounting for most of the total variance were labeled “Western”, “Vegetable”, “Fruit/Whole grain”, “Fish/poultry”, and “Cheese/nuts”. The “Western” dietary pattern was highly correlated with greater intake of total energy (Pearson’ r=0.70) and cholesterol (Pearson’s r=0.76), while the “Vegetable” dietary pattern was positively associated with folate and fiber intake. The “Western” dietary pattern, which primarily included refined grains, discretionary fat, red and processed meats, and added sugar, was associated with elevated rectal cancer risk (OR=1.24, 95%CI 1.02-1.52). The “Fish/poultry” dietary pattern, which consisted of high intakes of fish, poultry, and dark green vegetables, was associated with significantly reduced risk of rectal cancer (OR=0.76, 95%CI 0.68-0.85). There was effect modification by race for the relationship between the “Fruit/whole grain” and “Fish/poultry” dietary patterns and rectal cancer risk.  Conclusions:  Results from this study add to the evidence that consumption of a Western-style diet is associated with increased risk of colorectal cancer, and that overall dietary patterns are related to rectal cancer.
Abstract 9108: Identification and Validation of Protein Modules Driving Chromatin Remodeling in Cardiac Hypertrophy and Failure
Authors: Sarah Franklin, Kevin Mouillesseaux, Shuxun Ren, Yibin Wang, Jau-Nian Chen, Thomas M Vondriska
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Chromatin remodeling is a necessary precursor to global changes in gene expression-however, the mechanisms for genome-wide changes in chromatin state are poorly understood. In the heart, diseases like hypertrophy and failure are well known to be driven by large gene expression changes that enact a fetal-like phenotype, particularly in the areas of metabolism, calcium handling and contraction. Previous work has investigated classes of histone modifying enzymes that alter chromatin accessibility during cardiac hypertrophy. What remains unknown is how changes in histone modifications and transcription factor activation are interfaced at the level of nucleosome remodeling. To discover modules of proteins involved in nucleosome remodeling in heart failure, quantitative proteomics was used to measure chromatin-associated proteins during different stages of heart disease in a mouse model of pressure overload (transverse aortic constriction). Out of 733 proteins detected, 366 of which showed quantitative changes during disease, unsupervised clustering was used to reveal modules of proteins with statistically similar (p&lt;0.01) changes in expression. These modules were prioritized using gene ontology-based bioinformatics: a candidate module, containing 63 proteins, showed significant increase in all members during hypertrophy and further increased during failure. To investigate the role of this module in cardiac phenotype, a high-throughput loss of function screen was carried out using morpholino-based knockdown in zebrafish. Candidates were further prioritized based on their predicted involvement in nucleosome insertion/eviction. Among the initial proteins investigated were Ncl, Nap1l4 and Rcc1. Loss of Ncl led to defects in cardiac function and morphology exhibited by severe edema, regurgitation and dysregulation of chamber size and patterning. In addition, siRNA-mediated knockdown was used to investigate the function of individual members in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. This investigation reports on a novel discovery method in a clinically-relevant model of heart failure, interfaced with a rapid phenotypic screening tool in zebrafish to identify and physiologically characterize novel chromatin remodelers in the heart.