tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Brief Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Effects on Post-Treatment Suicide Attempts in a Military Sample: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial With 2-Year Follow-Up
Authors: M. David Rudd, Craig J. Bryan, Evelyn G. Wertenberger, Alan L. Peterson, Stacey Young-McCaughan, Jim Mintz, Sean R. Williams, Kimberly A. Arne, Jill Breitbach, Kenneth Delano, Erin Wilkinson, Travis O. Bruce
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2015)

Objective: The authors evaluated the effectiveness of brief cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for the prevention of suicide attempts in military personnel. Method: In a randomized controlled trial, active-duty Army soldiers at Fort Carson, Colo., who either attempted suicide or experienced suicidal ideation with intent, were randomly assigned to treatment as usual (N=76) or treatment as usual plus brief CBT (N=76). Assessment of incidence of suicide attempts during the follow-up period was conducted with the Suicide Attempt Self-Injury Interview. Inclusion criteria were the presence of suicidal ideation with intent to die during the past week and/or a suicide attempt within the past month. Soldiers were excluded if they had a medical or psychiatric condition that would prevent informed consent or participation in outpatient treatment, such as active psychosis or mania. To determine treatment efficacy with regard to incidence and time to suicide attempt, survival curve analyses were conducted. Differences in psychiatric symptoms were evaluated using longitudinal random-effects models. Results: From baseline to the 24-month follow-up assessment, eight participants in brief CBT (13.8%) and 18 participants in treatment as usual (40.2%) made at least one suicide attempt (hazard ratio=0.38, 95% CI=0.16–0.87, number needed to treat=3.88), suggesting that soldiers in brief CBT were approximately 60% less likely to make a suicide attempt during follow-up than soldiers in treatment as usual. There were no between-group differences in severity of psychiatric symptoms. Conclusions: Brief CBT was effective in preventing follow-up suicide attempts among active-duty military service members with current suicidal ideation and/or a recent suicide attempt.
Body Composition and Physiologic Function of Athletes
Authors: Ladislav P. Novak
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Investigations which would combine body composition and cardiopulmonary function into a unified evaluation of the problems of maximal performance are very few, and those few are limited in scope and in selection of subjects. Kohlrausch<sup>1</sup>measured anthropometrically a few Olympic athletes in Amsterdam in 1928. Cureton<sup>2</sup>provided physiologic and anthropometric data of American track and field athletes in 1948. The study contributing most to understanding of the relationship of body build to performance of Olympic athletes was done by Tanner<sup>3</sup>who anthropometrically measured and made x-ray films of more than 200 athletes in 1958; subsequently, in 1960, he studied an additional 137 athletes. Tanner's pioneering work added greatly to the knowledge of body build vis-à-vis body mechanics, but he did not determine physiologic parameters or perform detailed analyses of body composition. The relationship of body composition to oxygen consumption in normal young men during submaximal work was
Hepatitis B and admission to medical school
Authors: R J C Gilson
Journal: BMJ (1996)

worthlessness, retardation or agitation, and thoughts of suicide.Doctors should run through this list of symptoms when they suspect depression and refrain from prescribing unless the depression is severe enough.Patients with minor depression will often recover without drug treatment within a relatively short time.Initially, the doc- tor should sit tight and listen-help the patient to talk through the problem but not prescribe until it is clear that enough symptoms have been present for at least two weeks, suggesting that drug treatment will be beneficial ("Don't just do something, sit there").If a patient with major depression is unable or unwilling to take higher doses of a tricyclic antidepressant, switching to a newer drug might ensure that an adequate dose is given where it is really needed.
Traumatic Events in Dreams of Psychosomatic Patients
Authors: Harold L. Levitan
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1980)

Several examples of repetitive traumatic dreams reported by psychosomatic patients are discussed. The dreams involve injury to the body of the dreamer himself. The occurrence of dreams of this type indicates a failure in the functions of the ego concerned with the protection of the self. It may also indicate the presence in the memory systems of a latent traumatic event. Finally, it is suggested that the repetitive experience of consummated trauma contributes to the malfunctioning of the physiological systems, and therefore, to the production of illness.
PROGNOSIS AND THERAPY OF CEREBRAL SYPHILIS
Authors: GEORGE S SCHWINN
Journal: JAMA (1913)

The prognosis of cerebral syphilis depends on a prompt diagnosis, for the earlier a case comes under observation the easier it is to effect a cure. In many of our cases of cerebral syphilis we hope for recovery or, at any rate, such a degree of recovery as will enable the patient to resume his occupation and lead a useful life. This prognosis is quite justifiable, for it is astonishing how much improvement sometimes occurs under proper treatment, even in comparatively hopeless cases. Power and Murphy<sup>1</sup>say, "There can be no question of the beneficial influence of early treatment;" and all writers agree on this point. Fournier, Lang, Oppenheim, Hjellman, Max Nonne and others believe that nervous affections are more likely to occur when treatment has either been insufficient or not practiced at all. Recovery can be expected only so long as specific changes in the tissues are the
Holocaust victims are discharged into the community
Authors: J. Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Nearly 50years after they were first placed in Israeli mental hospitals for psychotic behaviour, hundreds of Jewish survivors of the holocaust will be moved to hostels, homes for the elderly, and other sheltered institutions in the community.

The health ministry is finally implementing a plan for the gradual transfer of many of these patients, who became mentally ill after surviving the cruelties of the Nazi regime during the second world war.

Half of the 800surviving patients were admitted to hospital soon after their arrival from Europe during the …
Genomics and the classification of mental illness: focus on broader categories
Authors: Rudolf Uher
Journal: Genome Medicine (2013)

Coinciding with the release of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, two recently published molecular genetics analyses suggest large overlaps in genetic liability to schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. This indicates that a broader category of severe mental illness may be an important target for future large-scale etiological and therapeutic investigations. Studies of patient groups not restricted to current diagnostic categories may lead to a genetically informed nosology.
The Case for Boards in Clinical Pharmacology
Authors: Joseph R. DiPalma
Journal: JAMA (1980)

THERE is an intense and active debate concerning the need for board certification among the three major societies that represent clinical pharmacology. In fact, a task force composed of members of the American College of Clinical Pharmacology (ACCP), the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (ASCPT), and the Clinical Pharmacology Division of the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET) is now at work to resolve this problem. The need to address this problem has arisen because the American Board of Clinical Pharmacology was actually incorporated in August 1976 by a group of distinguished clinical pharmacologists. This board has the moral support of the ACCP but is independent of the three societies. The board has agreed to delay its first examination and confirmation to the American Board of Medical Specialists until the task force has completed its deliberations. It is pertinent to restate here the reasoning, the pros
Abstract 3847: High-throughput 3D screening reveals differences in drug sensitivities between culture models of JIMT1 breast cancer cells .
Authors: Vesa J. Hongisto, Sandra Nyberg, Vidal Fey, John-Patrick Mpindi, Olli Kallioniemi, Merja Perälä
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract The traditional method for studying cancer in vitro is to grow immortalized cancer cells in two-dimensional (2D) monolayers on plastic. However, many cellular features are impaired in these unnatural conditions and big alterations in gene expression in comparison to tumors have been reported. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models have become increasingly popular and are suggested to be better models than 2D monolayers due to improved cell-to-cell contacts and structures that resemble in vivo architecture. The aim of this study was to develop a simple high-throughput 3D drug screening method and to compare drug responses in JIMT1 breast cancer cells when grown in 2D, in polyHEMA coated anchorage independent 3D models and in Matrigel on-top 3D cell culture models. We screened 102 compounds with multiple concentrations and biological replicates for their effects on cell proliferation. The cells were either treated immediately upon plating or they were allowed to grow in 3D for four days prior to the drug treatment. Big variations in drug responses were observed between the models indicating that comparisons of culture model influenced drug sensitivities cannot be made based on effects of a single drug. However, we show with the 63 most prominent drugs that, in general, JIMT1 cells grown on Matrigel were significantly more sensitive to drugs than cells grown in 2D cultures, while responses of cells grown in polyHEMA resembled those of 2D. Furthermore, comparison of gene expression profiles of the cell culture models to xenograft tumors indicated that cells cultured in Matrigel and as xenografts most closely resembled each other. In this study we also suggest that 3D cultures can provide a platform for systematic experimentation of larger compound collections in a high-throughput mode and be used as alternatives for traditional 2D screens towards better comparability to in vivo state. Citation Format: Vesa J. Hongisto, Sandra Nyberg, Vidal Fey, John-Patrick Mpindi, Olli Kallioniemi, Merja Perälä. High-throughput 3D screening reveals differences in drug sensitivities between culture models of JIMT1 breast cancer cells . [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 3847. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-3847
Complications of Endoscopic Biliary Sphincterotomy: A Review
Authors: M. L. Freeman
Journal: Endoscopy (1997)

Short-term complications of sphincterotomy can vary widely in different circumstances, and appear to be related primarily to two factors: the indication for the procedure, and the technical skill of the endoscopist. The risk of sphincterotomy is highest when it is performed for suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and lowest when it is performed for bile duct stone extraction in tandem with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The endoscopic technique is an important factor in complications, and this is in turn related to the case volume, and presumably the skill and training of the endoscopist. With the exception of cirrhosis and perhaps other specific conditions, the patient's general medical condition appears to have little impact on the overall risk of sphincterotomy. Complications represent only one facet of negative outcomes in attempted sphincterotomy: failure to achieve bile duct access at all, failure of completed sphincterotomy to achieve its intended therapeutic response, and its long-term sequelae, may be at least as important in determining the overall outcome of sphincterotomy.
Multiple polymorphic loci determine basal hepatic and splenic iron status in mice
Authors: Gemma R. Grant, Susan W. Robinson, Richard E. Edwards, Bruce Clothier, Reginald Davies, David J. Judah, Karl W. Broman, Andrew G. Smith
Journal: Hepatology (2006)

Polymorphisms of genes linked to iron metabolism may account for individual variability in hemochromatosis and iron status connected with liver and cardiovascular diseases, cancers, toxicity, and infection. Mouse strains exhibit marked differences in levels of non-heme iron, with C57BL/6J and SWR showing low and high levels, respectively. The genetic basis for this variability was examined using quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis together with expression profiling and chromosomal positions of known iron-related genes. Non-heme iron levels in liver and spleen of C57BL/6J × SWR F2 mice were poorly correlated, indicating independent regulation. Highly significant ( P &lt; .01) polymorphic loci were found on chromosomes 2 and 16 for liver and on chromosomes 8 and 9 for spleen. With sex as a covariate, additional significant or suggestive ( P &lt; 0.1) QTL were detected on chromosomes 7, 8, 11, and 19 for liver and on chromosome 2 for spleen. A gene array showed no clear association between most loci and differential iron-related gene expression. The gene for transferrin and a transferrin-like gene map close to the QTL on chromosome 9. Transferrin saturation was significantly lower in C57BL/6J mice than in SWR mice, but there was no significant difference in the serum level of transferrin, hepatic expression, or functional change in cDNA sequence. β2-Microglobulin, which, unlike other loci, was associated with C57BL/6J alleles, is a candidate for the chromosome 2 QTL for higher iron. In conclusion , the findings show the location of polymorphic genes that determine basal iron status in wild-type mice. Human equivalents may be pertinent in predisposition to hepatic and other disorders.
The significance of CA125 levels in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Correlation with clinical and echocardiographic parameters
Authors: Nikos T. Kouris, Ioannis D. Zacharos, Dimitra D. Kontogianni, Georgia S. Goranitou, Maria D. Sifaki, Haris E. Grassos, Eleni M. Kalkandi, Dimitris K. Babalis
Journal: European Journal of Heart Failure (2004)
Correction: Book Review
Authors: JOHN F. KURTZKE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1980)

Letters and Corrections1 June 1980Correction: Book ReviewJOHN F. KURTZKE, M.D.JOHN F. KURTZKE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-92-6-875_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In my review ofCurrent Practice of Clinical Electroencephalography (Ann Intern Med. 1980;92:582-3), the text I submitted was altered to read, "My fellow electroencephalographers . . ." (p. 583, last paragraph). I am not now, and have never been, a member of the American Board of Electroencephalography—I am just a simple country neurologist. What I had in fact written was, "My EEG-type colleagues . . .," and I had allied myself with the "general clinical neurologist."... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Veterans Administration Medical Center Washington, D.C. 20422 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 June 1980Volume 92, Issue 6Page: 875-875KeywordsElectroencephalography Issue Published: 1 June 1980 PDF downloadLoading ...
Snakes and seaweed: a case of the swollen organ
Authors: K. T Weber
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1995)

Undaunted by the heat and humidity offered on this Wednesday, January 14, 1970, the streets of Sao Paulo were filled with confident rhetoric about Brazil's football team .[†][1] Despite its absence from the finals of the World Cup in 1966, this year's team was felt to have an excellent chance to reign again as champion. The Cup would be held in Mexico this June and Mario Zagalo, former member of the 1958 and 1962 championship teams, would serve as coach. And this time around there would be Pele, who because of injury had missed his team's 3-1 victory over Czechoslovakia on June 17, 1962, in Santiago.

 [1]: #fn-1
Prospective study of natural killer cell phenotype in recurrent hepatitis C virus infection following liver transplantation
Authors: Stefania Varchetta, Barbara Oliviero, M. Francesca Donato, Francesca Agnelli, Cristina Rigamonti, Enrica Paudice, Eliana Arosio, Mauro Berra, Giorgio Rossi, Carmine Tinelli, Francesco F. Fagnoni, Massimo Colombo, Domenico Mavilio, Mario U. Mondelli
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2008)
The Hyperkinetic Heart Syndrome
Authors: Richard Gorlin
Journal: JAMA (1962)

The hyperkinetic heart syndrome is described herein as a clinical and physiological entity. Clinically, it is characterized by an increased rate of ejection of blood with each cardiac beat, but not necessarily by an increased output of blood per minute. The syndrome has been observed in patients from ages 7 to 48 and seen to vary in intensity and in the rapidity with which ultimate ventricular hypertrophy and failure ensue. The relationship to subsequent hypertension remains to be explored. Despite superficial similarities to the effects of catecholamine stimulation, no firm evidence is at hand concerning this or any other etiologic factor.
The Quality of Quality-of-Life Measurements
Authors: Julie G. Madorsky
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —In the introduction to their Commentary, Drs Guyatt and Cook<sup>1</sup>reveal the powerful prejudices that have resulted in centuries of devaluation of the lives of persons with physical disabilities. While giving lip service to "Gill and Feinstein's<sup>2</sup>message that people's values differ," Guyatt and Cook identify paraplegia as the epitome of a situation in which quality of life "would be rated low." Under the cloak of platitudes about the person who "transcends" loss to find "new meaning in life," the authors reinforce negative societal stereotypes about the "suffering," "calamity," and "tragedy" that they believe is the lot of the individual who is "paraplegic or even quadriplegic." Thus do they underscore the absolute necessity for critical appraisals of quality-of-life measurements, as advocated by Gill and Feinstein.<sup>2</sup>For until the insidious assumption is challenged that the quality of life of an individual with a disability is
Abstract 4971: WBP2: A novel phospho-oncoprotein in estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Shen Kiat Lim, Magali Orhant Prioux, Kah Yap Tan, Yoon Pin Lim
Journal: Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract WBP2 (WW-domain Binding Protein 2) was first implicated in breast cancer through our previous phosphoproteomics screen on the MCF10AT xenograft-derived isogenic cell line model of human breast cancer progression, where WBP2 was found to be differentially phosphorylated during breast cancer development. We had also shown it to be an authentic tyrosine phosphorylation target of EGFR signaling. In a follow up study, we found that WBP2 expression was low or undetectable in normal breast epithelial cells but overexpressed in breast cancer progression model as well as multiple breast cancer cells of various subtypes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the oncogenic role of WBP2 in the growth and progression of human breast cancer through its protein overexpression and tyrosine phosphorylation. We first mapped the EGF-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation sites on WBP2 and identified a member of the Src family of tyrosine kinases as the putative upstream kinase of WBP2. Next, we found that Estrogen (E2) stimulation could similarly induce tyrosine phosphorylation of WBP2 via a crosstalk between EGFR and ER pathways. Subcellular fractionation study revealed a phosphorylation-dependent nuclear entry of WBP2 upon E2 or EGF stimulation. Consistent with the reported role of WBP2 as a coactivator for nuclear hormone receptor (ERα/PR), abrogation of tyrosine phosphorylation on WBP2 significantly impaired the E2-induced ER transactivation through reduced E2/EGF-stimulated nuclear entry of WBP2 and in vivo E2-dependent WBP2-ER interaction. Stable overexpression of wild type and phospho-mimic mutant of WBP2 in ER-positive MCF7 breast cancer cell enhanced its cell proliferation, anchorage-independent growth in soft agar, cell migration and cell invasion in the E2-independent and/or E2-dependent manner. These cellular processes could be inhibited, at least in part, by the phosphorylation-defective mutant of WBP2. Potential mechanisms of WBP2-mediated oncogenic transformation will be presented. Collectively, our findings have uncovered the potential of WBP2 as a novel phospho-oncoprotein in ER+ breast cancer. It is conceivable that WBP2 and/or its tyrosine phosphorylated form could serve as a potential prognostic marker or therapeutic target for human breast cancer. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 101st Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2010 Apr 17-21; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2010;70(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4971.
Treatment of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody–Associated Vasculitis
Authors: Xavier Bosch, Antonio Guilabert, Gerard Espinosa, Eduard Mirapeix
Journal: JAMA (2007)

Immunosuppressive therapies for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis have greatly advanced patient survival but have turned ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) into chronic, relapsing disorders. Long-term treatment and disease-related morbidity are major threats. The last decade has seen a collaborative international effort to determine effective treatment.To analyze the reported evidence on AAV therapy in order to provide physicians with a rational approach for dealing with various clinical scenarios.We searched English-language articles on the medical treatment of AAV published between 1966 and March 2007 using MEDLINE. Articles from the reference lists of the most relevant articles retrieved were also analyzed.Studies of current available drug treatments or medical interventions for patients with AAV were included. Duplicate publications, case reports, and uncontrolled trials and series including fewer than 10 patients were excluded.We included 2 meta-analyses, 20 randomized controlled prospective trials, and 62 uncontrolled trials with more than 10 patients or observational studies. Outcome measures and treatment protocols were heterogeneous across trials. Cotrimoxazole can be used alone or in combination with corticosteroids to induce and maintain remission in cases of isolated upper respiratory tract involvement. To induce remission, methotrexate plus corticosteroids can be used instead of cyclophosphamide for patients with generalized, non-organ-threatening disease. When methotrexate is used as maintenance therapy, the likelihood of relapse is high and rigorous monitoring is mandatory. Pulse cyclophosphamide with corticosteroids can be used to induce remission in patients with generalized organ-threatening disease. The combination of azathioprine and daily prednisone is effective in maintaining remission. Plasma exchange is at present the best complement to immunosuppressants in advanced renal disease. In Churg-Strauss syndrome, treatment can be started with high doses of corticosteroids, tapering them when the clinical situation improves. In patients with a high risk of death, cyclophosphamide should be introduced.Although AAV therapies should be tailored to the patient's specific clinical situation, evidence for treatment of several disease states is lacking. There is a need for safer and more effective drugs.