tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Acute Mitral Regurgitation Due to Leaflet Tear After Balloon Valvotomy
Authors: Jong-Won Ha, Namsik Chung, Byung-Chul Chang, Yangsoo Jang, Won-Heum Shim, Seung-Yun Cho, Sung-Soon Kim
Journal: Circulation (1998)

P ercutaneous mitral balloon valvotomy (PMV) has evolved into an effective method for the treatment of patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis.An increase in mitral regurgitation can occur in Ϸ45% of patients undergoing PMV.Severe mitral regurgitation can be caused by rupture of chordae or of a papillary muscle.Noncommissural tearing of the mitral leaflet is also an important mechanism of severe regurgitation after PMV.A 35-year-old woman presented with exertional dyspnea that had been present for 3 months.Physical examination revealed a chronically ill-looking appearance with malar flush and accentuated first heart sound, opening snap, and diastolic rumble at the apex.The ECG revealed normal sinus rhythm with left atrial enlargement.Transthoracic echocardi-
Open-Heart Surgery from the Psychological Point of View and Resulting Therapeutic Considerations
Authors: H.-J. Meffert, B. Dahme, B. Flemming, P. Götze, G. Huse-Kleinstoll, G. Rodewald, H. Speidel
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1979)

A total of 168 patients underwent thorough psychological investigation before and after open-heart surgery. The pre-operative psychological status and the psychosocial situation of the patients were studied by means of questionnaires and semi-standardized interviews. The post-operative psychic status was documented daily on the first four post-operative days and once after discharge from the intensive care unit, by means of a slightly modified version of the AMP rating scale. We found significant correlations between psychosocial problems, the patients' ability to cope with their illness, the surgical stress and the environmental stress of the intensive care unit, and post-operative psychic disturbances. The results lead to deliberations on therapeutic consequences.
Allgemeine Cytologie; Eine Einführung in die funktionelle Morphologie der Zelle
Authors: Saul Wischnitzer
Journal: JAMA (1964)

When E. B. Wilson published the first edition of his classical treatise,<i>The Cell in Heredity and Development,</i>in 1896, he was able to summarize the field in about 500 pages. When Academic Press initiated in 1959 its series on "The Cell," a series which now has six volumes, the first volume alone contained 800 pages. Thus, to write a brief book on general cytology today is a great challenge. The author must be concise and very selective, and at the same time up-to-date in his review of the literature. To a great extent Grundmann has succeeded in his task. The publication of<i>Allgemeine Cytologie</i>is in line with the recent appearance of two introductory texts on cytology written in English. Some idea of the scope of Grundmann's book can be seen from its division into four major sections, an "Introduction," "The Cell Nucleus," "Nuclear and Cellular Duplication," and "The
Auscultation for Carotid Bruits in Cerebrovascular Insufficiency
Authors: Mark M. Kartchner
Journal: JAMA (1969)

Many strokes are due to remediable, stenotic, extracranial, arteriosclerotic lesions. A visual audiofrequency analysis has been made of the characteristics of carotid bruits correlating them with the underlying pathology. Clinical application of this technique has demonstrated its potential value for the initial diagnosis and the long term follow-up of patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency.
PET–CT in Preoperative Staging of Lung Cancer
Authors: Barbara M. Fischer, Ulrik Lassen, Liselotte Højgaard
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

To the Editor: During an ongoing analysis of our randomized trial of the use of combined positron-emission tomography and computed tomography (PET–CT) in the preoperative staging of non–small-cell lung cancer (July 2, 2009, issue),1 we discovered an error in the reported data.2 Three patients who were randomly assigned to the PET–CT group and who were initially coded as having undergone PET–CT did not receive this diagnostic test. The primary end point of our study was the number of futile thoracotomies that had been performed, as determined by the intention-to-treat analysis. Thus, the error does not change the published outcome. We . . .
Antiparasite drug ivermectin cuts mosquito numbers by 80%
Authors: J. H. Tanne
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Ivermectin, a drug commonly used to treat onchocerciasis (river blindness) in Africa, can kill mosquitoes that transmit malaria and may be another weapon in the fight against the disease, a new study indicates. 

Researchers from Colorado State University in Fort Collins and Senegal’s Ministry of Health and Medical Prevention compared the effect of ivermectin on mosquitoes in three villages where residents had received an annual dose of the drug to control onchocerciasis with the effect in three nearby (less than 12 km away) control villages whose residents had not been given the drug.

Ivermectin “significantly reduced the proportion of Plasmodium falciparum infectious Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto (s.s.) [mosquitoes] …
Engineered factor IX variants bypass FVIII and correct hemophilia A phenotype in mice
Authors: Peter Milanov, Lacramioara Ivanciu, Daniela Abriss, Patricia Quade-Lyssy, Wolfgang Miesbach, Sonja Alesci, Torsten Tonn, Manuel Grez, Erhard Seifried, Jörg Schüttrumpf
Journal: Blood (2011)
Abstract LB-53: Regulatory role of miR-142-3p on the functional hepatic cancer stem cell marker CD133
Authors: Kai Y. Ng, Stella Chai, Man Tong, Pak Shing Kwan, Yuen Piu Chan, Terence Kin Wah Lee, Nathalie Wong, Xin-Yuan Guan, Stephanie Ma
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Tumor relapse after therapy typifies hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is believed to be attributable to residual cancer stem cells (CSCs) that survive initial treatment. We have previously identified a CSC population derived from HCC that is characterized by the expression of the transmembrane glycoprotein, CD133. Despite our growing knowledge of the importance of a functional CD133+ liver CSC subset in driving HCC, the regulatory mechanism of CD133 is not known. Epigenetic changes are believed to be essential in the control of cancer and stem cells. We report here the dynamic epigenetic regulation of the functional liver CSC marker CD133 by promoter methylation and miR-142-3p regulation. Unlike in other tumor types, we found DNA methylation to only play a minor role in the control of CD133 expression in HCC. More importantly, our results revealed that miR-142-3p plays an integral part in the direct targeting of CD133. The interaction between the 3’UTR of CD133 and miR-142-3p was identified by in silico prediction and substantiated by luciferase reporter analysis. Expression of CD133 was found to be inversely correlated with miR-142-3p in a panel of liver cell lines and HCC clinical samples. Functional studies with miR-142-3p stably transduced in HCC cells demonstrated a diminished ability to self-renew, initiate tumor growth, invade, migrate, induce capillary tube formation in endothelial cells and resist standard chemotherapy. Rescue experiments whereby CD133 and miR-142-3p is simultaneously overexpressed compensated the deregulated ability of the cells to confer these cancer and stem cell-like features. In summary, our findings suggestion promoter methylation to only play a minor role in the regulation of CD133 in HCC; and that miR-142-3p directly targets CD133 to regulate its ability to confer cancer and stem cell-like features in HCC. Citation Format: Kai Yu Ng, Stella Chai, Man Tong, Pak Shing Kwan, Yuen Piu Chan, Terence Kin Wah Lee, Nathalie Wong, Xin-Yuan Guan, Stephanie Ma. Regulatory role of miR-142-3p on the functional hepatic cancer stem cell marker CD133. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-53. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-53
Effects Of MN-001 In Patients With Mild-to-moderate Asthma In A Randomized, Double-blind And Placebo-controlled Phase II Study
Authors: W.W. Busse, H.S. Nelson, P.E. Korenblat, M.J. Noonan, K.W. Locke, M.S. Munsey, R.E. Gammans
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2007)
Arterial Blood Gas Analysis
Authors: M. RUBIO
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1987)

Letters and Corrections1 March 1987Arterial Blood Gas AnalysisM. RUBIO, M.D., J. ARMENGOL, M.D., N. MOURINO, R.N.M. RUBIO, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, J. ARMENGOL, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, N. MOURINO, R.N.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-106-3-474_2 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: In his article on arterial blood gas analysis (1), Dr. Raffin states that "special preheparinized plastic syringes have been developed, but their efficacy has not yet been established."In our intensive care unit, we measured pH, arterial PO2, and arterial PCO2in 20 consecutive patients. We obtained each sample in duplicate by radial artery puncture, one with a preheparinized syringe (Terumo Preza-Pack II; Terumo Corp., Tokyo, Japan) and the other with the regular disposable syringes used in our hospital. The results were compared among themselves and against the results obtained by analyzing arterial blood obtained through a...Reference1. RAFFIN T. Indications for arterial blood gas analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1986;105:390-8. LinkGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: M. RUBIO, M.D.; J. ARMENGOL, M.D.; N. MOURINO, R.N.Affiliations: Hospital de Girona "Gral. Alvarez de Castro" 17007 Girona Spain PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 March 1987Volume 106, Issue 3Page: 474-474KeywordsArterial blood gasArteriesBloodGas analysisIntensive care unitsPartial pressure of carbon dioxidePartial pressure of oxygen ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 March 1987 PDF downloadLoading ...
Local government and health care: the historical perspective
Authors: C. Webster
Journal: BMJ (1995)

services, which currently makes the receipt of community care a lottery?How will they ensure that the principle of equal access for equal need through the fair distribution of resources and services is observed?The Association of Metropolitan Authorities has opened a much needed debate, but the analysis is at a very rudimentary stage.This debate must consider the effect the market has had on the ability of local authorities and health authorities to deliver equitable care.It must also consider the impact of a community care policy that has transferred the costs of care from society to the individual.Public debate is also required to establish whether the collective values which drove the consensus politics of the 1940s are still those we want today.1 Association of Metropolitan Authorities.Local authorities and health services.The future role of local authonities in the provision of health services.
Immunoglobulin G3 blocking antibodies to the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans.
Authors: G Nussbaum, R Yuan, A Casadevall, M D Scharff
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1996)

Vaccination and infection can elicit protective and nonprotective antibodies to the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans in mice. The effect of nonprotective antibodies on host defense is unknown. In this study we used mixtures of protective and nonprotective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to determine if nonprotective mAbs blocked the activity of the protective mAbs. Antibody isotype and epitope specificity are important in determining the ability to prolong survival in mice given a lethal C. neoformans infection. Three different nonprotective immunoglobulin (Ig) G23 mAbs to cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide were used to study the interaction between the IgG3 isotype and protective IgG1 and IgG2a mAbs in murine cryptococcal infection. One IgG3 mAb reduced the protective efficacy of an IgG1 with identical epitope specificity. A second IgG3 mAb with different epitope specificity also reduced the protection provided by the IgG1 mAb. The protective efficacy of an IgG2a mAb was also dramatically decreased by still another IgG3 mAb. To our knowledge this is the first report of blocking antibodies to a fungal pathogen. The results have important implications for the development of vaccines and passive antibody therapy against C. neoformans.
"Abortion on demand".
Authors: J Bury
Journal: BMJ (1977)

The phrase ''abortion on demand'' is subject to a number of interpretations and its use should be avoided. It is the position of the ''Doctors for a Woman's Choice on Abortion'' that every woman requesting an abortion should receive unbiased counseling and should be able to obtain an abortion if she so desires after having considered the alternatives. This group does not expect a doctor to perform an abortion against his will. Speaking of ''a woman's right to choose on abortion'' is surely not open to misinterpretation.
HOST DEFENSE AGAINST BACTERIAL ENDOTOXEMIA: MECHANISM IN NORMAL ANIMALS
Authors: Robert C. Skarnes
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1970)

The present study defines the early response of normal rabbits to the intravenous injection of a single, sublethal dose of endotoxin. Within the first few hours following endotoxin there occurs in the circulating plasma of recipients a decrease in ionized calcium, a threefold increase in the heat-stable, organo-phosphate-resistant esterase level, and a striking increase in the endotoxin-detoxifying capacity. These results are fully consistent with the thesis that circulating plasma represents a principal site of detoxification and that plasma esterases of the nonspecific, carboxylic type are of major concern in defense against circulating endotoxins.
Nonparenteral Transmission of Viral Hepatitis Type B (Australia Antigen-Associated Serum Hepatitis)
Authors: Theodore Hersh, Joseph L. Melnick, Raj K. Goyal, F. Blaine Hollinger
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1971)

ALTHOUGH earlier epidemiologic studies suggested that viral hepatitis Type B (serum hepatitis) sometimes could be spread by personal contact,1 it was only recently that a nonparenteral (oral) mode of transmission was conclusively demonstrated experimentally by Krugman and his co-workers.2 , 3 These studies involved children in whom the infection was almost always clinically inapparent and had to be monitored by laboratory tests. The presence of Australia (Au/SH) antigen in the serum in Type B but not Type A hepatitis patients clearly distinguished these two infections and permitted documentation of the oral-transmission experiments.4 , 5 Our report presents clinical cases observed over a period of . . .
BRIEF PSYCHOTHERAPY: A PSYCHOANALYTIC VIEW
Authors: ROBERT D. GILLMAN
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1965)

A substantial number of outpatients can be helped by brief interpretive psychotherapy based on the application of psychoanalytic understanding. These patients are suffering acute reactions or recent exacerbations of chronic problems. The therapist uses his psychoanalytic training and experience to understand as quickly as possible the central problem and sets limited goals directed to those conditions which necessitated the symptoms. Seven cases are presented representing a wide range of psychopathology. There is a discussion of the therapeutic factors involved that make for enduring improvement. It is hoped that this presentation will challenge others to consider the application of psychoanalytic principles to brief therapy in outpatient settings.
Development of Antiretroviral Therapy for the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Related Disorders
Authors: Robert Yarchoan, Samuel Broder
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1987)

Abstract We review the rationale for, and progress in, the development of antiviral therapy for the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A consideration of the replicative cycle of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can lead to the identification of several steps that represent potential targets for antiretroviral therapy, and several substances that can inhibit the replication of HIV in vitro have already been identified. The 2′,3′-dideoxynucleosides are a class of nucleoside analogues in which the 3′-hydroxy group is modified so that it cannot form phosphodiester linkages for nucleic acid chains. Some are potent in vitro inhibitors of HIV replication, possibly acting as chain terminators of viral DNA during reverse transcription. One of these dideoxynucleoside analogues, 3′-azido2′,3′-dideoxythymidine (AZT), has now been administered for up to 18 months to patients with AIDS. The drug has been shown to improve immunologic function, to reverse, at least partially, HIV-induced neurologic dysfunction in some patients, and to improve certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. The principal toxic effect associated with AZT is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting particularly in anemia and leukopenia; however, most patients in whom this toxic effect occurs can subsequently tolerate a lower dose of the drug. The demonstration that AZT can be beneficial in patients with AIDS has removed some of the uncertainty about the rationale for an antiretroviral intervention in HIV infection.
Adaptive misbeliefs are pervasive, but the case for positive illusions is weak
Authors: David Sloan Wilson, Steven Jay Lynn
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2009)

Abstract It is a foundational prediction of evolutionary theory that human beliefs accurately approximate reality only insofar as accurate beliefs enhance fitness. Otherwise, adaptive misbeliefs will prevail. Unlike McKay &amp; Dennett (M&amp;D), we think that adaptive belief systems rely heavily upon misbeliefs. However, the case for positive illusions as an example of adaptive misbelief is weak.
Inherited prion disease.
Authors: H C Grant
Journal: BMJ (1993)

in the phenotypic expression of familial prion diseases.It delays the onset of the disease asso- ciated with a 144 base pairs insertion2 and modu- lates the phenotypic expression of fatal familial insomnia and the form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with a mutation at codon 178.3If our last observation shows that heterozygosity at codon 129 does not protect against the disease associated with a mutation at codon 200 it then suggests a possible delaying effect on its onset, as Collinge and colleagues propose.As in the patient of British descent reported on in detail by Collinge and colleagues, the anticipation phenomenon-that is, earlier onset of the disease with progress through generationsappears clearly in our first two patients' families.Whether only the codon 129 genotype contributes to the molecular basis of this anticipation phenomenon is still unknown.
'Illegitimate' Is Not Legitimate
Authors: Lester Adelson
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> While agreeing wholeheartedly with the spirit and the letter of the editorial "Illegitimacy—A Professional Concern" (237: 574, 1977), I am moved to write about the unfairness of referring to children born out of wedlock as illegitimate, thus stigmatizing these innocent victims of parental indiscretion. Inasmuch as relatively few of us have much to say about or control over the circumstances under which we were conceived, it strikes me that referring to children born outside of customarily accepted social circumstances as illegitimate is castigating blameless victims for their progenitors' behavior. As someone once sagely observed, "There are no illegitimate children, only illegitimate parents." The word "bastard" is perjorative and derogatory, as we all know. In the past, babies conceived by and born to parents not united by the bonds of matrimony were referred to as "natural children." "Out-of-wedlock children" is a neutral term that states the unhappy facts
The diastolic hyperemic flow versus pressure relation. A new index of coronary stenosis severity and flow reserve.
Authors: G B Mancini, M J McGillem, S F DeBoe, K P Gallagher
Journal: Circulation (1989)

The measurement of coronary flow reserve, traditionally calculated as the ratio of maximal hyperemic blood flow divided by basal flow, is difficult to interpret in serial studies because fluctuating hemodynamic parameters may affect either basal or hyperemic flow measurements. To determine the magnitude of this problem and to develop alternative approaches for measuring vascular reserve, 10 anesthetized dogs were instrumented with aortic and inferior vena cava occluders, electromagnetic coronary flow probes, and high-fidelity micromanometers in the left ventricle and aortic root. Coronary flow was measured in the basal state and during maximal hyperemia induced by a steady-state adenosine infusion. Observations were made in the absence of a stenosis and in the presence of two incremental degrees of subcritical stenosis produced by a rigid, external screw occluder. Several parameters of vascular reserve were determined: 1) coronary flow reserve (defined above), 2) mean hyperemic flow divided by mean aortic pressure, 3) mean hyperemic flow divided by the difference between mean aortic pressure and left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, and 4) the slope of the instantaneous relation between diastolic hyperemic flow versus pressure. Each parameter was measured during five steady-state pressure levels achieved by partial occlusion of either the inferior vena cava or the aorta and the levels ranged from 82 +/- 8 mm Hg (mean +/- SD) to 127 +/- 9 mm Hg during hyperemia. All measures of vascular reserve were found to be dependent on hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate and mean aortic pressure. The slope of the instantaneous relation between diastolic hyperemic flow and pressure, however, showed only minimal dependence on heart rate and, in contrast to coronary flow reserve measurements, distinguished between the normal and the two stenotic states. Further, this optimal performance of the hyperemic flow versus pressure slope index was shown in a model in which coronary flow and myocardial work were not independently controlled. This index provides a sensitive and reliable indication of subcritical stenosis severity that may have clinical applications.