tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
PROGNOSTIC UTILITY OF THE SYNTAX SCORE IN PATIENTS WITH SINGLE VS. MULTIVESSEL DISEASE UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: INSIGHTS FROM THE ACUITY TRIAL
Authors: Adriano Caixeta, Tullio Palmerini, Philippe Genereux, Ecaterina Cristea, Alexandra J. Lansky, Roxana Mehran, George Dangas, Maria D. Corral, Ivana Jankovic, Dana Lazar, Rachel Sanchez, Martin Fahy, Ke Xu, Gregg W. Stone
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Reviews and Notes: Ethics: Deciding Together: Bioethics and Moral Consensus
Authors: Jodi Halpern
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1996)

Literature of Medicine15 November 1996Reviews and Notes: Ethics: Deciding Together: Bioethics and Moral ConsensusJodi Halpern, MD, PhDJodi Halpern, MD, PhDUniversity of California, Los Angeles, Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90024.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-10-199611150-00030 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail JD Moreno. 165 pages. New York: Oxford Univ Pr; 1995. $29.95. ISBN 0-19-509218-X. Order phone 800-451-7556.Over the past 30 years, a bioethics movement has developed in the United States, resulting in the presence of ethics committees at most hospitals. These committees take ethical decision making out of the private world of the physician and, to varying degrees, the patient, and make it a more public group process that represents diverse patient and societal values. Thus far, the validity of using group decision making to resolve ethical dilemmas has rarely been questioned. However, although the value of working as a ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: University of California, Los Angeles, Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90024. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 November 1996Volume 125, Issue 10Page: 864KeywordsBioethicsDecision makingMedical ethicsPerceptionQuality of lifeReasoningVision ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 November 1996 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1996 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Case 8-1981
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Joseph B. Dowd, Karl H. Proppe
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1981)

Presentation of CaseA 56-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a tumor of the urinary bladder.She was well until two years earlier, when she began to pass tissue and blood in the urine intermittently. She did not seek medical advice. Three weeks before admission she consulted a urologist after repeated bouts of hematuria. Cystoscopic examination showed a tumor within the bladder. Microscopical examination of washings from the bladder revealed malignant-tumor cells. An intravenous pyelographic examination with nephrotomograms demonstrated a normal appearance of the left kidney; a mass, 4 cm in diameter, believed to be a simple . . .
A Pharmacokinetic Study of the Recommended Dosing Schedules of Theo-Dur and Uniphylline
Authors: R. Purkiss, A. Cope, C. Edwards
Journal: Allergy (1984)

Theo‐Dur, 300 mg twice daily, and Uniphylline, 600 mg once daily taken with food were compared in an open cross‐over study in healthy volunteers. Uniphylline had significantly ( P &lt; 0.001) higher peaks, lower troughs and wider variation in theophylline concentrations than Theo‐Dur. Peak plasma concentrations were reached earlier for Theo‐Dur but the difference failed to reach statistical significance (0.05 &lt; P &lt; 0.1). There was no significant difference between the two drugs in area under the plasma concentration time curve. Therapeutic occupancy lasted significantly longer ( P &lt; 0.05) with Theo‐Dur; eight volunteers attained 24 h therapeutic occupancy after administration of Theo‐Dur compared to 4 h with Uniphylline.
P3-14-20: Concomitant Taxane-Anthracyclin Regimen for Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Primary Breast Cancer: Experience from a Cohort of 223 Patients Treated in a Single Institution.
Authors: E Coquan, A-V Guizard, N Heutte, C Bor, D Allouache, C Delcambre, O Switsers, J-M Guilloit, N Leiber, T Delier, C Levy
Journal: Cancer Research (2011)

Abstract Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) may be an alternative to mastectomy for localized breast cancer ineligible for breast conservation. The optimal schedule (sequential versus concomitant) remains controversial. Based on encouraging results of a phase 2 study (Luporsi E. et al, ASCO 2000) a concomitant docetaxel (D) and epirubicin (E) neoadjuvant combination is applied in neoadjuvant setting in our institution since 2001 for HER2−negative patients (pts). The results of this combination are presented, with a particular focus on pathological complete response (pCR) and conservation rate. Methods: Between 2001 and 2010, 223 pts received NAC for a T2-T3 breast cancer initially ineligible for conservative surgery, but with hope of breast conservation in case of downstaging by pre-operative medical treatment. Six cycles of D (75mg/m2) and E (75mg/m2) were administered every 3 weeks before surgery, with prophylactic support of G-CSF in order to reduce the risk of febrile neutropenia and to maintain the dose-intensity of the NAC. All patients eligible for breast conservation after NAC underwent lumpectomy, the others were treated by mastectomy. In all cases, an axillary dissection was performed. After lumpectomy all patients received radiation therapy, after mastectomy RT was limited to high risk of loco-regional relapse. Patients with positive hormonal receptors (HR+) received hormonal therapy. Results were analyzed in term of breast conservation rate (BCR), pathologic response rate (pCR defined as no residual invasive tumour in breast and axilla, according to Sataloff's classification) and safety. Results: Mean age of patients was 49,6 years (range: 26–71). Median clinical tumor size was 40mm (range 20–110). Histological subtypes were:78,0 % ductal, 15,3 lobular, 1,8 % ductal/lobular and 4,9 % other types. SBR grading was: grade I: 14,3 %, grade II: 46,2 %, grade III: 33,2 % and 6,3 % unspecified. 77,3 % were HR+, 19,7 % of tumours were triple negative (HER2 unknown for 38 cases). A breast conservation was achievable for 73,5% of patients, the pCR rate was 20,6%. At a median follow up of 48 months, 31 pts relapsed: 9 pts (4%) experienced a local relapse, 5 regional and 28 distant recurrences occured. Additional data about safety and survival will be provided for the meeting. Conclusions: For HER2−negative tumours, 6 cycles of a concomitant taxane-anthracyclin pre-operative combination allowed a 20,6% pCR rate, slightly lower than obtained with 8 cycles of a sequential regimen in several published trials. However breast conservation rate was similar with a low risk of local recurrence. According to these results, concomitant cytotoxic combination is an acceptable option for neoadjuvant treatment of breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2011;71(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-14-20.
Abstract 2577: ARSHA, a novel analog of resveratrol inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells by modulating expressions of ERα and ERβ.
Authors: Amruta M. Ronghe, Anwesha Chatterjee, Bhupendra Singh, Subhash B. Padhye, Hari K. Bhat
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Epidemiologic evidence suggests that diets rich in phytoestrogens are associated with a reduced risk of breast cancer. Resveratrol, a bioflavonoid found naturally in grapes, has been very effective as an antiproliferative agent in vitro. However, its poor bioavailability and rapid metabolism limits its use as a preferred anticancer agent. The problem of poor bioavailability of resveratrol can be solved by the synthesis of its analogs with appropriate chemical modifications that would enhance the stability and anticancer potency of resveratrol. To achieve this objective, we have synthesized a library of resveratrol analogs that resemble the basic skeleton of resveratrol but have structural modifications. These novel analogs were screened for their potential to inhibit growth of breast cancer cells. One analog, namely, ARSHA showed better potential and selectivity in inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Our next goal was to identify the mechanism by which ARSHA specifically inhibits the growth of breast cancer cells. Estrogen receptor (ER) expressing cell lines MCF-7 and T47D, and ER negative cell line MDA-MB-231 as well as ERβ-transfected cell line MDA-MB-231 were treated with 50μM doses of ARSHA for upto 72 hours. mRNA and protein was isolated from respective cell lines. Real-time PCR and western blot analyses were performed. ARSHA significantly induced the expression of ERβ (∼3-fold) and inhibited the expression of ERα (0.2-fold) compared to vehicle treated controls. Taken together, our findings indicate that novel resveratrol analog ARSHA may inhibit the proliferation of breast cancer cell lines by inhibiting the expression of ERα and inducing the expression of ERβ. Estrogen receptor α acts as a mediator of proliferation while ERβ acts as an inhibitor of estrogen signaling. Citation Format: Amruta M. Ronghe, Anwesha Chatterjee, Bhupendra Singh, Subhash B. Padhye, Hari K. Bhat. ARSHA, a novel analog of resveratrol inhibits proliferation of breast cancer cells by modulating expressions of ERα and ERβ. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2577. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-2577
Living-Donor Liver Transplantation for Chronic Hepatic Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Tetsunosuke Shimizu, Mureo Kasahara, Koichi Tanaka
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2006)

To the Editor: In 2002, a four-year-old boy who had been diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in 1999 received a bone marrow transplant from his mother, who had three HLA-antigen mismatches and an incompatible blood type. After engraftment, an erythematous rash, diarrhea, and hepatomegaly, accompanied by elevated liver-enzyme levels, developed in the boy. The findings were indicative of acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and led to intensified immunosuppressive therapy with mycophenolate mofetil and corticosteroids. Although the gut and skin GVHD improved, the hepatic GVHD persisted and was confirmed as chronic hepatic GVHD on liver biopsy (Figure 1A and Figure 1B). The chronic GVHD . . .
Authors' reply to Harris and colleagues
Authors: K. S. Gurusamy, B. R. Davidson
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We agree with Harris and colleagues that the risk of conversion to open cholecystectomy after a laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis may be lower in specialist upper gastrointestinal and hepatopancreatobiliary units.1 2 Reorganisation of service delivery of gallstone management could be considered to obtain the best results for patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. However, many …
Intravenous feeding to sustain pregnancy in patient with Crohn's disease.
Authors: A N Main, A Shenkin, W P Black, R I Russell
Journal: BMJ (1981)

up to five hours in five cases, five to 12 hours in one, 12-24 hours in one, and unspecified in eight.Sixteen of the children did not have to be admitted to hospital.Eight were admitted for up to five hours, 11 for five to 12 hours, 12 for 12-24 hours, and one for over 24 hours; in one duration of admission was not specified.Twelve children were not given any treatment at all, two required only fluids, 31 were dosed with ipecacuanha (despite vomiting), four received gastric lavage, and three were given purgatives.The conclusion to be drawn from these data is that, among these children, laburnum by no means behaved viciously, no one came to serious harm, and no more than modest treatment had to be vouchsafed.Indeed, as a generalis- ation, overtreatment might be suspected.
Incentive Bonuses in Prepayment Plans
Authors: Robert W. Geist
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

"...A physician should limit the source of his professional income to medical services actually rendered by him...to his patients."1 This precept of medical ethics is now under fire from within and without the profession. The attack comes from those who propose that prepaid group insurance plans, combined with financial rewards and punishments for physicians, are a panacea for the problems they perceive in American medicine, and especially the problem of cost.The proposal to pay incentive bonuses to physicians is taking place during a national debate on two philosophies of financing medical care.2 One philosophy proposes that people have a . . .
METHYLENE BLUE AS A STAIN FOR ULCERS AND ABRASIONS OF THE CORNEA
Authors: A. G. Fort
Journal: JAMA (1923)

Methylene blue will stain an ulcer or abrasion of the cornea in a solution as low as 0.4 per cent., and this is an ideal solution to use. Its staining qualities are practically instantaneous, and require no irrigations to produce its staining effect. It is easily seen. It is nonirritating in 0.4 per cent. solution if made up in physiologic sodium chlorid solution. It is easily procured and easily made up. It is an antiseptic. A one ounce bottle of a 0.4 per cent. solution, including bottle, cork, label and medicine dropper, costs less than 5 cents. <h3>Five Diseases Cause Half of Deaths.</h3> —According to the state registrar of vital statistics, five diseases are responsible for about half the deaths in Ohio each year. In 1922, heart disease caused 9,656; cerebral hemorrhage, 6,708; pneumonia, 5,968; cancer, 5,552, and tuberculosis, 5,130, the last one being the only one showing a decrease.
Nocturnal Leg Muscle Cramps
Authors: Israel H. Weiner
Journal: JAMA (1980)

NOCTURNAL leg muscle cramping (NLMC) is a frequent complaint heard by physicians in all specialties, from patients of all age groups, though probably most commonly in the elderly. Such muscle cramping usually involves the calf muscles (gastrocnemius or soleus) or the small intrinsic muscles of the sole of the foot. Both muscle groups are functionally similar, and the following discussion is applicable to both. Leg cramps usually occur at night in bed and are precipitated by random muscle contraction or, more frequently, by voluntary stretching movements of the lower extremities. They are exquisitely painful and a cause for much distress and anxiety. Nocturnal leg muscle cramping is to be sharply differentiated from leg cramps that occur from exercise such as walking or running. These can indicate an underlying pathologic process, such as the claudication of peripheral vascular insufficiency or the "pseudoclaudication" of radiculopathy, especially secondary to lumbar spinal stenosis. In
The Monkey Wars
Authors: Michael T. McGuire
Journal: JAMA (1995)

Here, for a change, is a refreshing, informative, and interesting book about animal research. Deborah Blum began her work with a Pulitzer Prize—winning series for the<i>Sacramento Bee</i>in 1984. It culminated in her book<i>The Monkey Wars</i>. In preparation, Blum crossed the country numerous times. She visited many of the main nonhuman primate research facilities and animal rights groups. She traveled and talked with those who had fled from the research laboratory because of their disgust with conducting research on nonhuman primates. She spent time with investigators who, by studying monkeys, significantly advanced medical knowledge about humans, and with those who became targets of animal rights activists, even to the point of fearing for their lives. She talked with members of Congress and walked the halls of the major primate research funding agencies. In short, the author performed an extraordinary amount of on-site, face-to-face research. She has been fair
The US Public Broadcasting System and Time Magazine take on global health
Authors: Thomas E Novotny
Journal: BMJ (2005)

A week of events including the television series RX for Survival: A Global Health Challenge , broadcast on PBS from 1 to 3 November and available on VHS and DVD www.pbs.org/wgbh/rxforsurvival/index.html Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img> W ith the discovery of penicillin in the 1940s, scientists were confident that “humanity had finally won” in the war with microbes. Infectious diseases that had devastated the globe for centuries were in abeyance by the 1970s, and most people in developed countries did not fear the old scourges of smallpox, cholera, plague, malaria, and tuberculosis. Since then, however, the world has been shocked by the rise of new plagues such as HIV/AIDS and SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome), haemorrhagic fevers arising from Ebola and Marburg viruses, and the threat of avian influenza. But many old plagues still devastate developing countries, destabilising the global community and unnecessarily killing millions. In response, rock stars, developmental economists, billionaire entrepreneurs, and even occasional governments now recognise the need for commitment to global health. Last week the US Public Broadcasting System (PBS) put out a six-part series entitled Rx for Survival , dedicated to explaining the historical successes and new challenges in infectious disease control. Time Magazine simultaneously staged a global health summit in New … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif
Early Inpatient Rehabilitation After Elective Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Michael C. Munin
Journal: JAMA (1998)

Context.—Inpatient rehabilitation after elective hip and knee arthroplasty is often necessary for patients who cannot function at home soon after surgery, but how soon after surgery inpatient rehabilitation can be initiated has not been studied.Objective.—To test the hypothesis that high-risk patients undergoing elective hip and knee arthroplasty would incur less total cost and experience more rapid functional improvement if inpatient rehabilitation began on postoperative day 3 rather than day 7, without adverse consequences to the patients.Design.—Randomized controlled trial conducted from 1994 to 1996.Setting.—Tertiary care center.Participants.—A total of 86 patients undergoing elective hip or knee arthroplasty and who met the following criteria for being high risk: 70 years of age or older and living alone, 70 years of age or older with 2 or more comorbid conditions, or any age with 3 or more comorbid conditions. Of the 86 patients, 71 completed the study.Interventions.—Random assignment to begin inpatient rehabilitation on postoperative day 3 vs postoperative day 7.Main Outcome Measures.—Total length of stay and cost from orthopedic and rehabilitation hospital admissions, functional performance in hospitals using a subset of the functional independence measure, and 4-month follow-up assessment using the RAND 36-item health survey I and the functional status index.Results.—Patients who completed the study and began inpatient rehabilitation on postoperative day 3 exhibited shorter mean (±SD) total length of stay (11.7±2.3 days vs 14.5±1.9, P&lt;.001), lower mean (±SD) total cost ($25891±$3648 vs $27762±$3626, P&lt;.03), more rapid attainment of short-term functional milestones between days 6 and 10 (36.2±14.4 m ambulated vs 21.4±13.3 m, P&lt;.001; 4.8±0.8 mean transfer functional independence measure score vs 4.3±0.7, P&lt;.01), and equivalent functional outcome at 4-month follow-up.Conclusion.—These data showed that high-risk individuals were able to tolerate early intensive rehabilitation, and this intervention yielded faster attainment of short-term functional milestones in fewer days using less total cost.
<i>NALP1</i>in Vitiligo-Associated Multiple Autoimmune Disease
Authors: Ying Jin, Christina M. Mailloux, Katherine Gowan, Sheri L. Riccardi, Greggory LaBerge, Dorothy C. Bennett, Pamela R. Fain, Richard A. Spritz
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2007)

Autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases involve interactions between genetic risk factors and environmental triggers. We searched for a gene on chromosome 17p13 that contributes to a group of epidemiologically associated autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. The group includes various combinations of generalized vitiligo, autoimmune thyroid disease, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, pernicious anemia, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Addison's disease.We tested 177 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) spanning the 17p13 linkage peak for association with disease and identified a strong candidate gene. We then sequenced DNA in and around the gene to identify additional SNPs. We carried out a second round of tests of association using some of these additional SNPs, thus elucidating the association with disease in the gene and its extended promoter region in fine detail.Association analyses resulted in our identifying as a candidate gene NALP1, which encodes NACHT leucine-rich-repeat protein 1, a regulator of the innate immune system. Fine-scale association mapping with the use of DNA from affected families and additional SNPs in and around NALP1 showed an association of specific variants with vitiligo alone, with an extended autoimmune and autoinflammatory disease phenotype, or with both. Conditional logistic-regression analysis of NALP1 SNPs indicated that at least two variants contribute independently to the risk of disease.DNA sequence variants in the NALP1 region are associated with the risk of several epidemiologically associated autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, implicating the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of these disorders.
ACUTE DIABETES FOLLOWING MUMPS
Authors: A. Patrick
Journal: BMJ (1924)

This pain is commonly felt over the sacro-iliac joints, but I would again emphasize that it is not a deep pain, and a little practice will easily eniable us to discriminate betweeni this and the deep tendelness associated with paini on lateral eompl)ression of the pelvis which is characteristic of sacro- iliac disabilities.It would seem that by calling attention to suclh a imultiplicitv of possible causes of lumbo-sacral l)ackache 1 lhave but added to the difficulties of the subject, but these cases are very trying and often the trouble is of very long duration.By realizing the possible causes we may often by systematic examination and exclusion reach the correct solutioni at once, or, even if we do not do so, we may appreciate the fact that the paill is due to several of these causes combinied in a vicioIIs circle, anid we may attack the different parts of that circle seriatim and achieve a cure.To summarize briefly: in examining a case of lumbo-sacral backache first exclude gioss disease, injury, and arthlritis, arid have a skiagram takeni.Then look for outside mechaniical causes and ouLtside causes of overstraini of the niervous system.Finally, remember the paramount impor- tance of the sympathetic system and seek for referred pain.Treatmenit has beeil briefly indicated in each case, but the -alue of mobilizationi in suitable cases must be remembered, aiind this valuable therapeutic measure should nlot be relegated to outsiders.REFEREN.CES.
The Treatment of Premenstrual Syndrome — Forward into the Past
Authors: David R. Rubinow, Peter J. Schmidt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1995)

In 1847, Dr. Ernst F. von Feuchtersleben wrote that “The menses in sensitive women is almost always attended by mental uneasiness, irritability, and sadness.”1 Over the past 100 years, this identification of some form of “sensitivity” as a basis for the mood disorders related to the menstrual cycle has been largely ignored in the often evangelical search for a single explanation (and treatment) for the condition now known as premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Myths and stereotypes (and the countervailing attempts to neutralize and contradict these stereotypes) have further compromised dispassionate observation and replaced inquiry with polemic: either every woman has PMS, . . .