tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 17428: Inpatient Mortality, Rates of Cardiac Catheterizations, Revascularization and National Trends after Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorders
Authors: Trinadha Pilla, Malathi Pilla, Venkata Pendyala, Ehab Dababneh, Steven Scaife, Frank Aguirre, Nasaraiah Nallamothu, Kathleen Bottum, Jeffrey Bennett
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Objective: To investigate inpatient mortality, cardiac catheterizations, revascularization and national trends after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder patients compared with the general population. Methods: Nationwide Inpatient Sample database is a stratified inpatient discharges database in the United States. Data from 2002 to 2011 was used for this study. Patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders who had AMI were compared with a random sample of all other adults with AMI who had no mental illness. Inpatient mortality, rates of cardiac catheterization, PCI and CABG were compared in logistic regression models after adjusting for demographic, medical risk factors, hospital properties and AMI complications. Results: From the year 2002 to 2011 a total of 1,778,915 adult patients were identified who had AMI without any psychiatric disorders. Schizophrenia (n=6212) and bipolar disorders (n=9202) patients who had AMI were identified after exclusion of other coexisting psychiatry disorders. There has been approximately a 50% decrease in STEMI and a 5% increase in NSTEMI in the general population and an approximately 50% decrease and a 30% increase in STEMI and a 10% and 200% increase in NSTEMI in schizophrenia and bipolar disorders patients respectively over the last 10 years. Patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorders were less likely to receive catheterization, PCI and CABG (60%, 60% and 45% respectively) vs. (40%, 45% and 45% respectively) after AMI compared with controls. Inpatient mortality in schizophrenia, bipolar disorders and general population above age 76 yr was 18.54%, 12.48%, 15.24%; in between 66 yr to 75 yr it was 13.98%, 7.63% and 9.59%; in between 56 yr to 65 yr it was 10.33%, 5.09%, 6.25% and in between 46 yr to 55 yr it was 5.70%, 2.82%, 3.36% respectively. Conclusions: Schizophrenia patients with AMI had significantly higher inpatient mortality and bipolar disorders with AMI had significantly lower inpatient mortality compared with the general population. Even after adjusting for potential confounders there were significant decrease in the rates of catheterizations, PCI and CABG in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders compared with the general population.
Addison's Disease in Association With Amyloidosis
Authors: Newell W. Philpott
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1928)

Article1 February 1928Addison's Disease in Association With AmyloidosisNEWELL W. PHILPOTT, M.D., C.M.NEWELL W. PHILPOTT, M.D., C.M.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-1-8-613 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptAmyloidosis is infrequently associated with the cause of Addison's disease. Autopsy findings in a number of cases at the University Hospital show that amyloid deposit in the adrenal glands occurs in a fairly large percentage of those subjects showing a generalized amyloidosis. The amount, however, is quite variable and in only two cases is it present in sufficient quantity to suspect the causation of symptoms and signs referable to adrenal insufficiency. On account of indefinite clinical evidence, combined with the fact that the subject is a negro, one of these cases cannot be diagnosed Addison's disease, although the cortex of...References(1) BITTORF A: Deutch. Arch. f. Klin. Med., c, 116, 1910. Google Scholar(2) SCHULTZ OT: Cleveland Med. Jour., XI, p. 40, 1912. Google Scholar(3) SCHLESINGER H: Wiener klin. Wochensch, XXX, No. 4, p. 99, Jan. 1917. Google Scholar(4) MCCUTCHEON M: The relation of Addison's disease to amyloidosis. Amer. Jour. Med. Sc., cl XVI, p. 197, 1923. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(5) HUNTER WC: Amyloidosis of the adrenals as a cause of Addison's disease. Annals Clin. Med., Vol. 5, No. 4, Oct. 1926. Google Scholar(6) REISMAN D: Trans. Path. Soc. Phila., XVIII, 1895-97, p. 428. Google Scholar(7) BAUER J: klin. Wochensch., I, No. 32, Aug. 1922. Google Scholar(8) VON HANSEMANN D: Ein seltener Fall von Morbus Addisonii. Berl. Klin. Wochensch., XXXIII, p. 296, 1896. Google Scholar(9) KARAKASCHEFF KI: Weitere Beiträge zur pathologischen Anatomie der Nebennieren. Ziegler's Beiträge XXXIX, 373, 1906. Google Scholar(10) FAHRREICHE : Zur Frage des Morbus Addison. Frankfurter Zeitsch f. Path., XXII, p. 231, 1919-20. Google Scholar(11) DICKINSON WH: Lardaceous Diseases. Albutt's System Med. p. 255, vol. III, 1897. Google Scholar(12) WARTHIN AS: Pigmentation of skin. Arch. Derm. and Syph. vol. 10, p. 139, 1924. CrossrefGoogle Scholar(13) ROWNTREE LG: Studies in Addison's Disease. Jour. Amer. Med. Ass'n. Vol. 84, p. 327, 1925. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Ann Arbor, Michigan*From the Pathological Laboratory, University Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 February 1928Volume 1, Issue 8Page: 613-620KeywordsAdrenal glandsAmyloidosisAutopsyResearch laboratoriesSigns and symptoms ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1928 PDF downloadLoading ...
Problems Assessing Indoor Tanning-Related Injuries—Reply
Authors: Gery P. Guy, Meg Watson, Tadesse Haileyesus
Journal: JAMA Internal Medicine (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Internal Medicine HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Internal Medicine journal
Lack of evidence for a protective effect of prolonged breastfeeding on childhood eczema: lessons from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Phase Two
Authors: C. Flohr, G. Nagel, G. Weinmayr, A. Kleiner, D.P. Strachan, H.C. Williams
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Exclusive breastfeeding for at least 4 months is recommended by many governments and allergy organizations to prevent allergic disease.To investigate whether exclusive breastfeeding protects against childhood eczema.Study subjects comprised 51,119 randomly selected 8- to 12-year-old schoolchildren in 21 countries. Information on eczema and breastfeeding was gathered by parental questionnaire. Children were also examined for flexural eczema and underwent skin prick testing. Odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for each study centre and then pooled across populations.There was a small increase in the risk of reported 'eczema ever' in association with 'breastfeeding ever' and breastfeeding < 6 months [pooled adjusted OR 1·11, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·00-1·22 and OR 1·10, 95% CI 1·02-1·20, respectively]. There was no significant association between reported 'eczema ever' and breastfeeding > 6 months (pooled adjusted OR 1·09, 95% CI 0·94-1·26). Risk estimates were very similar for exclusive breastfeeding < 2 months, 2-4 months and > 4 months and for eczema symptoms in the past 12 months and eczema on skin examination. As for more severe eczema, breastfeeding per se conveyed a risk reduction on sleep disturbed eczema (pooled adjusted OR 0·71, 95% CI 0·53-0·96), but this effect was lost where children had been exclusively breastfed for > 4 months (pooled adjusted OR 1·02, 95% CI 0·67-1·54). Allergic sensitization and a history of maternal allergic disease did not modify any of these findings.Although there was a protective effect of ever having been breastfed on more severe disease, we found no evidence that exclusive breastfeeding for 4 months or longer protects against eczema. Our results are consistent with findings from a recent systematic review of prospective studies. The U.K. breastfeeding guidelines with regard to eczema should be reviewed. Intervention studies are now required to explore how and when solids should be introduced alongside breastfeeding to aid protection against eczema and other allergic diseases.
When Cost Is an Adverse Drug Effect, Patients Cut Corners and Risk Health
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2004)

In the East Harlem neighborhood of New York City, nearly half of the patients that Alex Federman, MD, MPH, sees have Medicaid coverage. It pays for their prescription drugs, but Federman says a large number of his non-Medicaid patients struggle to pay for their medications.
A memorable patient: Curtains for confidentiality
Authors: A. Steele
Journal: BMJ (2001)

My memorable patient was not my patient, but while sharing a ward with her she taught me about privacy. I had already noticed her, pacing up and down the gynaecology ward. As she strutted to and fro, she stood out quite markedly from the other women sitting in bed knitting: she was very skinny, wore improbably high platform shoes and tight jeans, and had rather disorderly make up and hair.

“‘Ello,” she said as I slid further down under the covers in a vain attempt to avoid conversation. The track marks on her arms caught my eye. “I'm in ‘ere with gallstones. But it's OK. They ain't going to operate. They're going to wait for …
Activation of the inflammasome pathway during exacerbations of COPD
Authors: Patricia Sobradillo, Rosa Faner, Nestor Soler, Eugeni Ballester, Juan Ignacio Arόstegui, Jordi Yagüe, Juan Manel, Alvar Agusti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction: Exacerbations of COPD (ECOPD) are characterized by a burst of inflammation. The inflammasome is an intracellular sensing mechanism that leads to activation of caspase-1 and processing of pro IL-1β and pro IL-18 into their mature forms.

Aim: To investigate if the inflammasome pathway is activated in ECOPD patients.

Methods: We studied 10 COPD patients hospitalized because of ECOPD, 7 of whom were revaluated 3 months after discharge (sECOPD), 13 patients with clinically stable COPD (SCOPD), 8 smokers with normal lung function (S) and 11 non smokers (NS). We determined: (1) in serum: caspase-1, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-1Ra, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-a; (2) in circulating monocytes and lymphocytes: intracellular activity of caspase-1 (basally and after stimulation with inflammasome ligands: ATP, Nigericine and Cigarette Smoke Medium); and (3) in whole blood: caspase-1 and NLRP3 mRNA.

Results: Table 1 shows main results (mean ± SD).

View this table:

Table 1





Conclusions: The inflammasome pathway participates in the inflammatory burst that characterizes ECOPD.
Contributions of rib cage (RC) and abdomen (AB) to tidal volume are useful indicators for the assessment of difficult-to-wean patients
Authors: Rita Priori, Biswajit Chakrabarti, Robert Angus, Nick Duffy, Robert Parker, John O'Reilly, Verity Ford, Helen Ashcroft, Karen Ward, Peter M.A. Calverley, Andrea Aliverti
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Respiratory muscles impairment is an important determinant of the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) in difficult-to-wean patients. We investigated whether the relative contribution of rib cage (RC) and abdomen (AB) to tidal volume was a useful indicator of successful weaning from MV.

The contribution of RC and AB volume changes to tidal volume (Vt) were measured by opto-electronic plethysmography in 7 difficult-to-wean patients, during 20' of MV and 20' of spontaneous breathing (SB) after disconnection from MV. Recordings were repeated at 3 weaning stages: A) tracheostomy and invasive ventilation; B) tracheostomy and non-invasive ventilation (NIV); C) decannulation and NIV. The compartment with the highest % contribution to Vt at the start of weaning (stage A) was defined as predominant compartment (PC), the other as secondary compartment (SC). PC was the rib cage in 5 patients and AB in 2. During SB, the contributions of PC and SC became progressively similar from stage A to C, with no significant differences at stage C (see figure).

Our results show that in difficult-to-wean patients the contribution to tidal volume of RC and AB becomes progressively more homogeneous as MV dependency decreases during weaning. Accurate monitoring of RC and AB contributions to Vt provides therefore useful indications for weaning assessment.

![Figure][1]  [1]: pending:yes
Association between type 1 diabetes and Hib vaccine
Authors: J B. Classen, D. C Classen, H. White
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Effects of drug overdose in television drama on presentations for self poisoning Antifreeze poisonings give more insight into copycat behaviourEditor-Hawton et al highlight the effect of the media on influencing the incidence of deliberate self poisoning. 1However, they and other authors suggest that the changes noted are the result of spontaneous variation in the patterns of particular overdoses rather than a direct effect of the specific televised incident. 2 3One of the limitations of previous studies has been that the investigators have monitored the total numbers of deliberate self poisoning and, specifically, paracetamol overdoses, which are comparatively common.A clearer picture emerges for agents used less commonly for deliberate self harm, such as antifreeze, which commonly contains ethylene glycol or methanol.The figure shows the numbers of intentional and accidental cases of poisoning by ethylene glycol reported to the National Poisons Information Service (London) during two specific months and, for comparison, from January 1996 to January 1997.In April 1995 the Independent reported an inquest into an antifreeze poisoning, 4 which subsequently received further media coverage.On 15 February 1997 an episode of the BBC television drama Casualty depicted an incident of self harm with ingestion of antifreeze.The mean number of intentional antifreeze poisonings for 1996 was 2.0 per month (range 1-3 per month).Moreover, the mean number of cases reported during 1995 and 1997, excluding the incident months, was 1.9 and 1.8 respectively.For April 1995 and February 1997 the number of reported cases was 9 and 6-a significant increase (P = 0.016).Interestingly, all the cases of intentional ingestion of antifreeze during April 1995 and February 1997 occurred after the announcements in the media.Furthermore, in one specific case not only the agent but also the manner in which the antifreeze was taken (mixed with lemonade and drunk in a field) was identical with that reported.These data further support the concept that media portrayal of self poisoning influences subsequent self harm behaviour.
Tumor-derived exosomes are a source of shared tumor rejection antigens for CTL cross-priming
Authors: Joseph Wolfers, Anne Lozier, Graça Raposo, Armelle Regnault, Clotilde Théry, Carole Masurier, Caroline Flament, Stéphanie Pouzieux, Florence Faure, Thomas Tursz, Eric Angevin, Sebastian Amigorena, Laurence Zitvogel
Journal: Nature Medicine (2001)
A cell-based screening platform for hypoxia-activated prodrugs
Authors: James W. Evans, Gustavo A. Lorente, Leslie J. Lan, Jian Xin Duan, Andrew I. Minchinton, Alastair H. Kyle, Charles P. Hart, Mark D. Matteucci
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

1359   The tumor microenvironment offers a unique target for developing selective anticancer drugs and a key characteristic of it is microregional hypoxia. We developed a sequence of cell-based assays to discover and characterize prodrugs specifically activated in hypoxic cells. We will illustrate this approach with a model compound based on an oxygen sensitive trigger linked to a cytotoxic effector molecule. TH-63 is a 2-nitroimidazole linked to daunorubicin, a potent topoisomerase II inhibitor. The primary screen uses 24 well plates and characterizes cell viability as a function of drug concentrations at selected oxygen concentrations in order to identify compounds that selectively kill hypoxic cells. Results are confirmed using the more stringent clonogenic cell survival assay. Compounds which exhibit the desired potency and selectivity are then advanced to multicellular assays designed to determine both drug penetrability and the ability of the hypoxia-activated drug to diffuse and kill nearby cells. Multilayer cell cultures (MCC’s) are an established model of tumor tissue grown on a solid support to a thickness of 150 to 200μm where diffusion-limited hypoxia develops and drug penetration can be assessed. Compounds are also then tested in multicellular spheroids (at 500μm in diameter) where oxygen gradients develop, creating a model with aerobic and hypoxic compartments. Prodrug activation is measured by clonogenic survival either alone or in combination with a chemotherapeutic drug that only targets the outer aerobic cells of the spheroid. The viability of H460 cells exposed to TH-63 for 2hrs was determined at anoxia (100% N 2 ), intermediate hypoxia (0.6% and 1% O 2 ), and aerobic conditions (10% and 20% O 2 ). There was an 80-fold difference in the IC 50 ’s comparing anoxia to air (0.5μM vs 40μM) indicating hypoxic selectivity. Clonogenic survival confirmed these findings. In addition, TH-63 under anoxia was similar in potency to daunorubicin (IC 90  0.7μM vs 0.4μM) suggesting efficient drug activation. In MCC models where one side is closed off to establish temporarily hypoxic regions, TH-63 was able to penetrate significantly further than daunorubicin. H460 spheroids exposed to TH-63 exhibited increased penetration compared to daunorubicin. Therefore, the combination of daunorubicin (targeting the aerobic cells) with TH-63 (targeting the hypoxic cells) should result in complete cell kill and can be readily tested in the spheroid model. This linked series of  in vitro  assays identifies candidates for testing in  in vivo  models of cancer, and clinical assessment for addressing the problem of tumor resistance in patients.
Reply from Authors re: Sigrid V. Carlsson, Peter C. Albertsen. Better Survival After Curative Treatment for Screen-detected Prostate Cancer Compared with Clinical Diagnosis: A Real Effect or Lead-time Bias? Eur Urol 2015;68:183–4
Authors: Leonard P. Bokhorst, Monique J. Roobol, Ries Kranse
Journal: European Urology (2014)
Effects of Estrogen Plus Progestin on Risk of DementiaEffects of Estrogen Plus Progestin on Risk of Dementia
Authors: Roberta Diaz Brinton, Jon Nilsen
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 12549: Circulating Irisin is a Novel Biomarker Providing Prognostic Information in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Shinsuke Hanatani, Yasuhiro Izumiya, Yuichi Kimura, Yoshiro Onoue, Satoshi Araki, Hisao Ogawa
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Introduction: Reduced skeletal muscle function link to poor prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure (HF). Irisin is a newly identified muscle-derived protein found in human serum. The gene expression of irisin precursor fibronectin domain containing protein 5 in skeletal muscle is associated with exercise tolerance in HF patients. Hypothesis: Irisin could be a useful biomarker for disease severity and future adverse cardiovascular events in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods and results: We measured serum irisin levels in 84 patients with HFrEF. HFrEF was defined as left ventricular ejection fraction≦50% and meet the Framingham criteria of HF. Serum irisin concentrations were measured by ELISA. The endpoint of this study was a composite of total mortality, cardiovascular hospitalization and coronary revascularization. Serum irisin levels were negatively correlated with serum high sensitive troponin T levels (r=-0.24, p=0.048). Right heart catheterization revealed that serum irisin levels had significant negative correlation with pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (r=-0.23, p=0.044). In receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, cut-off values of irisin and BNP for prediction of one-year events were 55.548 ng/mL and 324.8 pg/mL, respectively. Kaplan Meier curve demonstrated that the event-free rate was decreased in the low irisin (≦cut-off value) group (log-rank test p=0.024). The combination of low irisin and high BNP (≧cut-off value) identified patients with a significantly higher probability of adverse events (p=0.008). Multivariate Cox hazard analysis identified low levels of irisin (≦cut-off value) (hazard ratio [HR]: 3.08; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31-7.21, p=0.01) and ischemic etiology (HR: 3.32; 95% CI: 1.50-7.35, p=0.003) as independent predictors of mortality and cardiovascular events. ROC analysis revealed that irisin achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.67 for one-year events (p=0.031), and that the AUC increased when irisin was added to BNP level (alone: 0.64, BNP+irisin: 0.74). Conclusions: Irisin could be a useful biomarker for evaluating disease severity and providing incremental prognostic information in patients with HFrEF.