tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Failure of Technetium-99m Sulfur Colloid Uptake by the Femoral Head
Authors: LEE H. MONSEIN, MICHAEL A. ENGEL, DENNIS P. SWANSON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1987)

The hips of 79 asymptomatic patients having Tc-99m sulfur colloid liver/spleen scans were imaged. Patients were not studied if they had a disease associated with nonvisualization of the femoral heads. The first group consisted of 47 consecutive patients who were imaged in a neutral position. Eighteen right and 18 (38.3%) left hips showed no activity. The second group consisted of 32 consecutive patients who were imaged in an internally rotated position. Seven (21.9%) right and nine (28.1%) left hips showed no activity. This study concludes that failure of uptake of Tc-99m sulfur colloid by the femoral head is seen in a sufficiently large group of patients to limit its use in diagnosing aseptic necrosis.
Chimeric IgA antibodies against HLA class II effectively trigger lymphoma cell killing
Authors: Michael Dechant, Gestur Vidarsson, Bernhard Stockmeyer, Roland Repp, Martin J. Glennie, Martin Gramatzki, Jan G. J. van de Winkel, Thomas Valerius
Journal: Blood (2002)

Antibodies against human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II, such as 1D10 or Lym-1, are currently being evaluated for the treatment of B-cell lymphomas. Previous studies have demonstrated that, in addition to IgG Fc receptors, the human myeloid IgA receptor (Fc(alpha)RI, CD89) also effectively triggered tumor cell killing. Therefore, we used the variable light and heavy chain sequences from another murine anti-HLA class II hybridoma, F3.3, to generate a panel of chimeric human/mouse antibodies, including human immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1), IgA2, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4. Antibody production was accomplished by stable transfection of baby hamster kidney cells, and binding activity and specificity were confirmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting. All constructs demonstrated similar binding to HLA class II. Functional studies revealed that chimeric IgG1, IgA1, and IgA2 triggered similar levels of tumor cell lysis. Analyses of effector populations, however, demonstrated that killing by chimeric IgG1 constructs was triggered mainly by human mononuclear cells and complement, while IgA1 and IgA2 mediated effective lysis by polymorphonuclear neutrophils. Importantly, IgG1 and both IgA isotypes were equally effective at killing freshly isolated human chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Chimeric IgA antibodies against HLA class II may constitute attractive reagents for lymphoma therapy.
Outcome of older patients with acute myeloid leukemia in first relapse
Authors: Clémentine Sarkozy, Claude Gardin, Nathalie Gachard, Fathia Merabet, Pascal Turlure, Jean‐Valère Malfuson, Cécile Pautas, Jean‐Baptiste Micol, Xavier Thomas, Bruno Quesnel, Karine Celli‐Lebras, Claude Preudhomme, Christine Terré, Pierre Fenaux, Sylvie Chevret, Sylvie Castaigne, Hervé Dombret
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2013)

To provide data for future drug evaluation, we analyzed the outcome of 393 patients aged 50 years or older (median, 64 years) with AML in first relapse after treatment in recent ALFA trials. Salvage options were retrospectively classified as follows: best supportive care (BSC), low‐dose cytarabine (LDAC), gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), intensive chemotherapy (ICT), or ICT combined with GO. Second complete remission (CR2) rate was 31% and median post‐relapse survival was 6.8 months (0, 17, 42.5, 53, and 80% and 3.2, 5.6, 8.9, 9, and 19.8 months in BSC, LDAC, GO, ICT, and ICT + GO subsets, respectively). Age, performance status, WBC, CR1 duration, and favorable AML karyotype, but not other cytogenetic or molecular features, influenced post‐relapse outcome. Multivariate adjustment and propensity score matching showed that intensive salvage (ICT/ICT+GO/GO versus LDAC/BSC) was associated with longer post‐relapse survival, at least in patients with CR1 duration ≥12 months ( P = 0.001 and 0.0005, respectively). Of interest, GO appeared to be as effective as standard ICT, and ICT + GO combination more effective than standard ICT. In conclusion, older patients with CR1 duration ≥12 months appeared to benefit from intensive salvage and results observed with GO‐containing salvage suggest that GO combination studies should be actively pursued in this setting. Am. J. Hematol. 88:758–764, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Medical Management of Mental Problems in the Aged
Authors: Paul W. Dale
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1961)

The last group to consider is the barbiturates, of which three are commonly used for their tranquilizing effects. The Central-nervous-system actions of the barbiturates are different from those of the phenothiazines and rauwolfias. Small doses are used as mild hypnotics, and larger doses for sedation. The three barbiturates commonly used as tranquilizing hypnotics are phenobarbital, mephobarbital (Mebaral) and amobarbital sodium (Amytal sodium). Barbiturates must be used cautiously in the aged since many, especially those used for night sedation, may have a disturbing toxic effect on cortical function, making an already existing organic mental reaction more severe. Some elderly patients may . . .
"GASTRIC JUICE AS A GERMICIDE"
Authors: P. G. Heineman
Journal: JAMA (1925)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, July 25, page 273, appears an editorial comment discussing how bacteria enter the intestinal tract in spite of the germicidal action of the gastric juice. Is it not usually assumed that the new-born baby's intestinal tract is sterile, but that within a few hours after birth the tract is well populated with bacteria? At this time of life gastric secretion is small, and the stomach offers no serious obstacle to the passage of bacteria. After lodging in the intestinal tract, where they find excellent food and temperature conditions, it would seem that they had found a permanent location. It is true that the intestinal flora at this time of life is different from the flora of later life, but a variety of types is represented, nevertheless, and as conditions in the intestinal tract change with advancing life, a different type gains prominence. It is
Changes in Coronary Bypass Surgery Leading to Improved Survival
Authors: Shahbudin H. Rahimtoola
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Coronary bypass surgery was performed on 439 patients between the years 1969 and 1973 (group A) and on 1,760 patients between the years 1974 and 1979 (group B). The operative mortality for group A was 3.9%; for group B, 1.3%; four-year survival for group A patients was 88.9% +/- 1.5% (mean +/- SE); for group B patients, 92.5% +/- 0.9%. The difference between the relative four-year survival rates (based on age- and sex-matched Oregon population) between group B and A was 6.2%; the lower operative mortality would account for only 2.6%. We conclude that the results of coronary bypass surgery have improved because of (1) a lower operative mortality, and (2) other factors that cannot be precisely defined at the present time but probably are the long-term result of better and more complete operative and perioperative techniques.
The Hospital Drugs and Formulary Committee
Authors: Arthur C. DeGraff
Journal: JAMA (1962)

WITH THE INCREASING COMPLEXITIES of modern medicine, it has become necessary to work out a system by which hospital patients are guaranteed the best in drug therapy. The individual physician does not have time to evaluate the flood of new drugs, drug combinations, and new dosage forms nor to determine the most advantageous drugs in any particular category. To bring order out of chaos and to limit the drugs available in a hospital to those that are necessary and the most effective in their field, a committee on drugs and formulary is now operating in many hospitals throughout the country. Bellevue Hospital in New York City has had such a committee in continuous operation since 1935. This committee operates as an advisory committee to the medical board of the hospital. In that way, its decisions can be reviewed by the entire medical board, so that approval of the actions of
Abstract P4-04-11: Correlation study of gene polymorphisms on 19p13.1 with triple negative breast cancer
Authors: Z Xu, H Xing, L Wang, H Zhou, Y Gu
Journal: Cancer Research (2013)

Abstract Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the association between triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) susceptibility and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MERIT40(c19orf62)and ANKLE1 genes located in 19p13.1, so as to find the clinical helpful molecular markers and therapeutic targets to the early detection and to guide individualized treatment. Materials and Methods:Totally 252 patients with breast cancer diagnosed and treated in Breast Surgery Department of China-Japan Union Hospital affiliated to Jilin University were taken into the study, Among them,there were 124 cases identified as TNBC by using IHC technique, and others there were 128 cases as non-TNBC. Using common PCR assay and DNA sequencing to detect the SNPs of candidate genes. Finally, the association was analyzed between triple negative breast cancer group and non-triple negative breast cancer group with incidence and impact factors. Results:Three genotypes were detected in rs8170,a SNP of MERIT40 gene located in 19p13.1.The frequencies of CC, CT and TT genotype in the triple negative breast cancer group and non-triple negative breast cancer group were 52.9% vs 93.5%, 41.2% vs 6.5% and 5.9% vs 0.0%.The difference of the distribution of genotypes between two groups was statistically significant (P = 0.004).Three genotypes were detected in rs2363956,a SNP of ANKLE1 gene also located in 19p13.1. The frequencies of TT, GT and GG genotype in the triple negative breast cancer group and non-triple negative breast cancer group were 35.7% vs 38.5%, 42.9% vs 53.8%and 21.4%vs7.7%.The difference of the distribution of genotypes between tow groups was no significant correlation (P = 0.464).Rs2363956 genotypes had obvious correlation with clinical stage (P = 0.005) and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.029) in non-triple negative breast cancer group, but not in triple negative breast cancer group(P = 0.323, P = 0.510).Neither rs8170 nor rs2363956 genotypes had obvious correlation with breast cancer-related immune group, such as EGFR,P53(P&amp;gt;0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that TT genotype of rs8170 would increase the risk of in TNBC patients (OR = 1.426,95% CI = 1.266-2.872 P = 0.024).There was no significant association between the risk of incidence and the SNPs of ANKLE1 genes. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the polymorphism of ANKLE1 rs2363956 was an independent prognostic factor with lymph node metastasis and high clinical installments in for non-triple negative breast cancer (OR = 1.228, 95%CI = 1. 104-1.908 P = 0.045), but not for triple negative breast cancer. Conclusions :The rate of incidence is comparatively higher in TNBC patients with TT genotype of MERIT40 rs8170, which may be an important molecular markers to predict the incidence of triple negative breast cancer. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2013;73(24 Suppl): Abstract nr P4-04-11.
Gold and Liver Biopsy
Authors: SURAWUT PRICHANOND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1978)

Letters and Corrections1 April 1978Gold and Liver BiopsySURAWUT PRICHANOND, M.D., JOHN L. SKOSEY, M.D., PH.D.SURAWUT PRICHANOND, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN L. SKOSEY, M.D., PH.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-88-4-579_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptTo the editor: Favreau, Tannenbaum, and Lough (Ann Intern Med 87:717-719, 1977) have reported three interesting cases of hepatic toxicity associated with gold therapy. Liver biopsies were done on two of their patients: one showed intrahepatic cholestasis and the other, ballooning of hepatocytes with minimal cholestasis. We wish to present the case of a patient who developed another type of liver damage during gold therapy.A 44-year-old black woman with a 10-year history of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis developed gross hepatomegaly, generalized lymphadenopathy, and pulmonary infiltration after receiving a total dose of 135 mg of gold sodium thiomalate. She had also...References1. HALLAHARDINLINN JJJ: Postinjection non vasomotor reactions during chrysotherapy: constitutional and rheumatic symptoms following injections of gold salts. Arthritis Rheum 20:1188-1191, 1977 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar2. WINTERBAUERWILSKEWHEELIS RKR: Diffuse pulmonary injury associated with gold treatment. N Engl J Med 294:919-921, 1976. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar3. PENNEYSACKERMANGOTTLIEB NAN: Gold dermatitis. Arch Dermatol 109:372-376, 1974 CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: SURAWUT PRICHANOND, M.D.; JOHN L. SKOSEY, M.D., PH.D.Affiliations: University of Illinois Medical Center Chicago, IL 60680 PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byProlonged cholestasis and ductopenia following gold salt therapyCholestasis and pneumonitis induced by gold therapyLymphadenopathy and lymph node infarction in the course of gold therapyAntiinflammatory and Immunosuppressive Drugs in the Treatment of Rheumatoid ArthritisHepatotoxicity with aurothioglucose therapy 1 April 1978Volume 88, Issue 4Page: 579-579KeywordsBiopsyHepatocytesHepatomegalyLiverRheumatoid arthritisSodiumToxicity ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 April 1978 PDF downloadLoading ...
Cancer of the head and neck. Hypopharynx and larynx. Comment: definition vs diagnostic radiographic work-up
Authors: P. Rubin
Journal: JAMA (1972)

The definition of the true extent of a carcinoma is as important as its initial diagnosis. The concern with identification of the tumor must extend beyond knowledge of the histopathologic variety. For proper treatment and establishment of prognosis, it is important to determine depth of invasion, size of the tumor, whether the area of spread is on the surface or circumferential, if adjacent soft tissues have become involved, and if destruction or sclerosis of bone and nerve or nodal invasion are present. Clinical assessment includes visual and digital impression, and endoscopy or mirror studies for the accessible lesions in the oral cavity. However, the importance of diagnostic radiology in establishing the "true extent" of the cancer should be stressed; this is called the "definition of work-up." The classic texts in radiographic anatomy of the upper aerodigestive passage have been written by therapeutic rather than diagnostic radiologists. The ability to correlate
Postgastrectomy Muscle Cramps: A Syndrome or Coincidence?
Authors: Yoshiyuki KUROIWA
Journal: JAMA (1981)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> Painful muscle cramps may occur under a variety of conditions, such as during pregnancy, after dehydration and salt depletion, in hypothyroidism, thyrotoxic myopathy, uremia, and hypomagnesemia.<sup>1</sup>The mechanism of muscle cramps in these conditions may not be the same. In the past two years we have seen five patients who underwent gastrectomy with postoperative muscle cramps. Their ages ranged from 40 to 64 years. Four were men and one a woman. Painful exertional muscle cramps in them began mostly from four to six years after subtotal gastrectomy for a peptic ulcer. On neurological examination deep tendon reflexes of the extremities were mostly hyperactive, and two patients exhibited scattered fasciculations. Mild muscle atrophy was noted in two cases. In one subject muscle cramps were induced by repetitive tapping of the muscle tendon as well as by strong voluntary contractions. In another patient manual muscle testing during neurological
Patient With HIV-Associated Plasmablastic Lymphoma Responding to Bortezomib Alone and in Combination With Dexamethasone, Gemcitabine, Oxaliplatin, Cytarabine, and Pegfilgrastim Chemotherapy and Lenalidomide Alone
Authors: Michele Bibas, Susanna Grisetti, Lucia Alba, Giovanna Picchi, Franca Del Nonno, Andrea Antinori
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

A 19-year-old vertically transmitted naive HIV-positive man was admitted to our emergency room in late February 2009 presenting with fever, night sweats, numerous skin nodules, and rapidly growing generalized lymphadenopathy.Computed tomography (CT; Fig 1) showed multiple liver and splenic nodules (Figs 1A and 1E).Both skin nodules and a laterocervical lymph node were biopsied.Histologic evaluation confirmed the presence of large atypical cell infiltrates with plasmacytoid and anaplastic features, which were strongly positive (more than 80%) for CD138, CD43, and Ki-67 and negative for CD3, CD20, CD45, multiple myeloma oncogene-1, Epstein-Barr virus, and human herpes virus 8 (Figs 2A to 2F; EMA, epithelial membrane antigen).No abnormal findings were noted in the bone marrow trephine biopsy.The patient was diagnosed with stage IVB HIV-
Induction of acidic fibroblast growth factor and full-length platelet-derived growth factor expression in human cardiac allografts. Analysis by PCR, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry.
Authors: X M Zhao, T K Yeoh, W H Frist, D L Porterfield, G G Miller
Journal: Circulation (1994)

BACKGROUND Further understanding of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is needed to improve long-term survival after cardiac transplantation. The diffuse hyperplasia of coronary intima characteristic of CAV suggests that growth factors may play a role in the development of CAV. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) are potent mitogens for smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and PDGF is an important cofactor in the pathogenesis of native coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Reverse transcriptase/polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR), in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry were used to determine whether transplantation results in increased cardiac expression of acidic (a) FGF, basic (b) FGF, and PDGF-A and -B chains. Sixty-eight myocardial biopsies from 36 heart transplant recipients and 7 normal hearts were analyzed by PCR. aFGF mRNA was present in 54 of 61 allograft biopsies and was not found in any normal heart. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry demonstrated diffuse, intense expression of a FGF mRNA and protein in allograft biopsies, predominantly in myocytes and vascular walls. Only scattered aFGF expression was observed in normal hearts. mRNA for the full-length isoform of PDGF-A chain was found in 43 of 61 allograft biopsies and was not detected in any normal heart. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry confirmed that full-length PDGF-A chain mRNA and PDGF protein were present in myocytes and vascular walls. CONCLUSIONS Expression of aFGF and PDGF-A chain is significantly increased in cardiac allografts. Cardiac myocytes and vascular walls are the predominant sources of aFGF and PDGF. Diffuse expression of these growth factors in cardiac allografts may be important in the pathogenesis of CAV.
Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Use Among US Adults After Cancer Diagnosis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Christine M. Velicer, Cornelia M. Ulrich
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2008)

Vitamin and mineral supplement use is thought to be common among the 10 million adults in the United States who have been diagnosed with cancer; however, well-conducted studies of this topic are sparse. Moreover, the biologic effects of supplement use among cancer survivors are not well established and not necessarily beneficial. We present a systematic summary of studies published between 1999 and 2006, 32 in total, addressing vitamin and mineral supplement use among US adult cancer patients and survivors. Supplement use is widespread among cancer patients and longer-term survivors. In studies combining different cancer sites, 64% to 81% of survivors reported using any vitamin or mineral supplements and 26% to 77% reported using any multivitamins. In contrast, approximately 50% of US adults use dietary supplements and 33% use multivitamin/multimineral supplements. Between 14% and 32% of survivors initiate supplement use after diagnosis, and use differs by cancer site. Breast cancer survivors reported the highest use, whereas prostate cancer survivors reported the least. Higher level of education and female sex emerged as factors most consistently associated with supplement use. Up to 68% of physicians are unaware of supplement use among their cancer patients. These results highlight the need for further studies of the association between dietary supplement use and cancer treatment toxicity, recurrence, survival, and quality of life to support evidence-based clinical guidelines for dietary supplement use among cancer patients and longer-term survivors.
The Hazards of Bedside Bayes
Authors: John M. Harris
Journal: JAMA (1981)

Those who advocate the use of Bayesian or decision-analysis approaches to solve clinical problems often assume that data on the sensitivities and specificities of diagnostic tests are readily obtainable and reliable. For the most part, however, there is little information currently available on the sensitivities and specificities of common tests. A critical review of the literature was performed for seven commonly used tests. This study showed that there is significant variability among the reported results of five of these tests. Such variability was not expected but is one more factor that any quantitative approach must consider. Two tests, the rapid-sequence excretory urogram and the thallous chloride TI 201 cardiac stress test, did not, however, show significant variation among the reported sensitivities and specificities. These findings have relevance to clinicians attempting to diagnose disease, to advocates of quantitative decision making, and to researchers seeking to clarify the nature and role of diagnostic tests.
Medicine and the US Embargo Against Cuba-Reply
Authors: Cesar Chelala
Journal: JAMA (1996)

<h3>In Reply.</h3> —I plead guilty for offering a "naive" proposal to the US-Cuba relations problems as indicated by Dr Huertas and Dr Martin. Apparently, I am just as naive to believe that my medical colleagues would show more concern for the health of the Cuban people, which is the focus of my argument, than about Castro's fate. I indicated in my article that the embargo is not the only cause of the Cuban people's deteriorating health status, and of their ability to purchase medicines at a fair price. As emphasized by Dr Kirkpatrick, however, the embargo certainly plays an important role. I also suggested that the Helms-Burton Act<sup>1</sup>would only aggravate the situation and be, in the long run, counterproductive. Following the downing of the 2 planes on February 24, the Central Committee of the Cuban Communist Party held a session in which it called for strengthening ideological and