tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Foreign body aspiration in children: Single center experience during a 4 years period
Authors: Mohammadreza Modaresi, Mojtaba Gorji, Bahareh Ashjai, Setareh Mamishi, Ebrahim Soltani, Nima Parvaneh
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Accidental Foreign Body Aspiration (FBA) is a cause of death in children.It requires early recognition and timely treatment to minimize the potentially dangerous side effects. The aim of our study was to determine the clinical spectrum, the demographic, and also the etiology of FBA in children.   Method:  We retrospectively reviewed 188 pediatric patients with a history suggestive of foreign body aspiration over the 4 years from February 2007 to February 2011 in Children9s Medical Center affiliated to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.   Results:  Foreign body was confirmed in 112 children (59.5%) by rigid bronchoscopy. The mean age of the patients were 27±25 months (62%boys).The peak incidence (55%) was among 2 years old children. The most frequent findings in history and physical examination were paroxysmal cough (81%), chocking (42%), chronic cough (42%),and respiratory distress (18%). We divided the patients into two groups according the time of aspiration to definite diagnosis. Only 21.5% of patients were diagnosed ≤24 hours from the time of aspiration (early diagnosis). Fifty one percent of the patients had wheezing (24% unilateral, 27% bilateral), and 49% with no wheezing. Fifty two percent of foreign bodies were located in the right side, 35% in the left side, 8% in the trachea and 4.5% in the both sides. Of the 112 foreign bodies retrieved, 87% were organic; 54% of these were sun flower seeds. There was not any peanut among removed foreign bodies in our series.   Conclusion:  FBA should be excluded in children who have had a history of choking, persistent cough and chronic respiratory symptoms even in the presence of normal physical findings
Kupffer cell–monocyte communication is essential for initiating murine liver progenitor cell–mediated liver regeneration
Authors: Caryn L. Elsegood, Chun Wei Chan, Mariapia A. Degli‐Esposti, Matthew E. Wikstrom, Alice Domenichini, Kyren Lazarus, Nico van Rooijen, Ruth Ganss, John K. Olynyk, George C.T. Yeoh
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Liver progenitor cells (LPCs) are necessary for repair in chronic liver disease because the remaining hepatocytes cannot replicate. However, LPC numbers also correlate with disease severity and hepatocellular carcinoma risk. Thus, the progenitor cell response in diseased liver may be regulated to optimize liver regeneration and minimize the likelihood of tumorigenesis. How this is achieved is currently unknown. Human and mouse diseased liver contain two subpopulations of macrophages with different ontogenetic origins: prenatal yolk sac–derived Kupffer cells and peripheral blood monocyte–derived macrophages. We examined the individual role(s) of Kupffer cells and monocyte‐derived macrophages in the induction of LPC proliferation using clodronate liposome deletion of Kupffer cells and adoptive transfer of monocytes, respectively, in the choline‐deficient, ethionine‐supplemented diet model of liver injury and regeneration. Clodronate liposome treatment reduced initial liver monocyte numbers together with the induction of injury and LPC proliferation. Adoptive transfer of monocytes increased the induction of liver injury, LPC proliferation, and tumor necrosis factor‐α production. Conclusion : Kupffer cells control the initial accumulation of monocyte‐derived macrophages. These infiltrating monocytes are in turn responsible for the induction of liver injury, the increase in tumor necrosis factor‐α, and the subsequent proliferation of LPCs. (H epatology 2015;62:1272‐1284)
Progress in the Management of Melanoma in 2013
Authors: Daniel G. Coit, Anthony J. Olszanski
Journal: Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (2013)

The treatment of melanoma in 2013 has evolved significantly over the past 2 years, according to presentations at the recent NCCN 18th Annual Conference. Ipilimumab and vemurafenib have prolonged the survival of patients with advanced disease, and the research pipeline continues to evaluate a number of new agents highlighting a tremendous optimism to further improve outcomes. These new treatment options were incorporated into the NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology in 2012. A recent presentation of these guidelines highlighted changes in both the initial management of very thin melanomas and the ongoing importance of targeted agents and immunotherapy in more advanced disease. This presentation included refining the indication for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), which, according to the updated guidelines, is not recommended for very thin lesions (≤ 0.75 mm). Dr. Daniel G. Coit discussed the rationale for this change during the presentation, and Dr. Anthony J. Olszanski reviewed the evidence for new classes of agents that impact survival.
miR-181a-5p Inhibits Cancer Cell Migration and Angiogenesis via Downregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-14
Authors: Yiyi Li, Cem Kuscu, Anna Banach, Qian Zhang, Ashleigh Pulkoski-Gross, Deborah Kim, Jingxuan Liu, Eric Roth, Ellen Li, Kenneth R. Shroyer, Paula I. Denoya, Xiaoxia Zhu, Longhua Chen, Jian Cao
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase MMP-14 (MT1-MMP) is associated with poor prognosis in cancer patients, but it is unclear how MMP-14 becomes elevated in tumors. Here, we show that miR-181a-5p is downregulated in aggressive human breast and colon cancers where its levels correlate inversely with MMP-14 expression. In clinical specimens, enhanced expression of MMP-14 was observed in cancer cells located at the invasive front of tumors where miR-181a-5p was downregulated relative to adjacent normal cells. Bioinformatics analyses defined a potential miR-181a-5p response element within the 3'-untranslated region of MMP-14 that was validated in reporter gene experiments. Ectopic miR-181a-5p reduced MMP-14 expression, whereas miR-181a-5p attenuation elevated MMP-14 expression. In support of a critical relationship between these two genes, miR-181a-5p-mediated reduction of MMP-14 levels was sufficient to decrease cancer cell migration, invasion, and activation of pro-MMP-2. Furthermore, this reduction in MMP-14 levels was sufficient to reduce in vivo invasion and angiogenesis in chick chorioallantoic membrane assays. Taken together, our results establish the regulation of MMP-14 in cancers by miR-181a-5p through a posttranscriptional mechanism, and they further suggest strategies to elevate miR-181a-5p to prevent cancer metastasis.
Multiple Packed Red Blood Cell (PRBC) Transfusions In Pediatric Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Result In a Large Transfusional Iron Dose With The Potential For Long-Term Organ Dysfunction
Authors: Mohammed Al-Darwish, Asim F Belgaumi, Neameh A Farhan, Ali Al-Ahmari, Amal Al-Seraihy, Suleiman Alsweedan, Wafaa Abdelghany, Hassan El-Solh
Journal: Blood (2013)
The flip flop pump syndrome.
Authors: D Prager, R Attilio, R Riether
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1985)

Article Tools Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.1985.3.5.741 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print September 22, 2016 PMID: 3998788 The flip flop pump syndrome. D PragerxD PragerSearch for articles by this author , R AttilioxR AttilioSearch for articles by this author , R RietherxR RietherSearch for articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.1985.3.5.741 PDF "The flip flop pump syndrome.." Journal of Clinical Oncology, 3(5), p. 741© 1985 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Role of cyclic AMP in the modulation of IgE production by the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, fenoterol
Authors: O Coqueret, D Demarquay, V Lagente
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1996)

We have previously demonstrated that the beta 2-adrenoceptor agonist, salbutamol, potentiates the effect of interleukin-4 (IL-4) on immunoglobulin E (IgE) production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). This study was undertaken to further define the activities of these drugs and the role of cyclic-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) in the modulation of IgE production. Our results indicate that fenoterol (1 microM) potentiated IL-4-induced IgE production and IgE messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression. Moreover, this effect was associated with an increase in intracellular cAMP levels. The activities of this drug on IgE production were mimicked by cell permeable cAMP analogues, such as dibutyryl-cAMP (db-cAMP) (100 microM) or Sp-AMP (10 microM). The potentiating effect of fenoterol on IgE production was markedly inhibited in the presence of protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors: H8 (10 microM) and Rp-AMP (10 microM), suggesting that its effects are likely to depend on the activation of the cAMP pathway. Additionally, the potentiating effect of fenoterol was also blocked in the presence of indomethacin. Fenoterol potentiated IL-4-induced IgE production from purified B-cells activated through their CD40 antigen. This effect was associated with an increase in cellular viability. Therefore, the activities of this drug on PBMC are likely to be mediated by the activation of another cellular type. Taken together, these results show that fenoterol potentiates the IL-4-induced IgE production via the cAMP pathway, but that this enhancement could not be explained by a direct effect on B-lymphocytes.
Multiple myeloma and Kaposi’s sarcoma: what is the association?
Authors: A.J.J. Abdulla, S.E. Munn, N. Hardwick, S. Harris, M. Howard, P. Revell
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Journal Article Multiple myeloma and Kaposi’s sarcoma: what is the association? Get access A.J.J. Abdulla, A.J.J. Abdulla Departments of Medicine & Elderly Care, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S.E. Munn, S.E. Munn Department of Dermatology, King’s College Hospital, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar N. Hardwick, N. Hardwick Dermatology, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar S. Harris, S. Harris Histopathology and Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. Howard, M. Howard Department of Virology, University College London, London, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar P. Revell P. Revell Haematology, Mid‐Staffordshire General Hospitals, Cannock Chase Hospital, Brunswick Road, Cannock WS11 2XY, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 142, Issue 4, 1 April 2000, Pages 818–820, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2000.03437.x Published: 01 April 2000
Shadow reporting on compliance to tobacco advertisement bans at points of sale in Turkey
Authors: Efza Evrengil, Elif Dagli
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Points of sale (PoS) are tobacco industry’s last stronghold for actual communication with the youth and other target groups. The WHO FCTC recommends a total ban on display and visibility of tobacco products at PoS. Turkey has adopted legislation that only partially bans PoS displays.  Aim: Concerned about the recent increase in consumption, Turkish health NGOs joined forces to investigate this critical policy question.  Methods: Shadow reporting techniques developed by the FCA were utilized to survey compliance in 7 cities during Jan-Feb 2013.  Results: Out of 58 retailers surveyed, tobacco displays of 56% were visible from outside the shops, 28% were located in more than one area, 20% were accessible by customers, 22% featured advertising, 13% displayed packs by hiding pictorial warnings, and price tags at 60% did not comply with legislation. Only 1.5% of shops had fronts of display units covered.  Conclusion: Noncompliance increased in comparison to a 2011 study which found visibility of products from outside as 44%. Partial bans cause ambiguity in implementation and are difficult to enforce. Given these problems and lack of official data, shadow reporting is a beneficial independent assessment method and advocacy tool. The policy area of display of tobacco products at PoS is situated at the juncture where demand control policies aiming at individuals meet liberal production and trade policies that are wide open to industry interference. In this connection, a complete ban is an essential tobacco control policy as it obliterates tobacco industry’s ability to use PoS as advertisement and promotion venues and has a direct bearing on increasing the effectiveness of demand side policies.
K-edge subtraction (KES) synchrotron imaging allows quantitative measurement of regional aerosol deposition, lung ventilation and airway morphology in rabbit
Authors: Sam Bayat, Loïc Degrugilliers, Liisa Porra, Gergely Albu, Heikki Suhonen, Satu Strengell, Gergely Fodor, Ferenc Petak, Pekka Suortti, Walid Habre, Anssi R.A. Sovijärvi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Rationale:  The simultaneous measurement of regional lung ventilation, aerosol deposition and the anatomic configuration of airways are crucial for the better understanding of the determinants of aerosol deposition heterogeneity. However, no single imaging modality currently allows the acquisition of all such data simultaneously. The goal of this study was to test the feasibility of KES imaging to this end.   Methods:  We used KES synchrotron radiation imaging [AJRCCM, 2009;180:296–303] to quantify regional lung ventilation, and the deposition of iodine (Iomeprol 88 mg/ml in NaCl 0.9%), delivered using an ultrasonic nebulizer (mass median aerodynamic diameter: 2.6±0.1 μm), in a healthy anesthetized, and mechanically ventilated rabbit (2.8 kg) in upright position. Regional ventilation images were obtained in 4 axial slices during inhalation of 70% Xe in O 2 . Regional iodine deposition images were obtained in 45 contiguous slices after 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes of nebulization.   Results:  See figure. Aerosol deposition showed significant spatial heterogeneity in normal lung. Inset: 3D rendering of central conducting airways (dark) and iodine (medium) and parenchyma (light grey).   Conclusions:  These data demonstrate the feasibility of K-edge subtraction imaging for the quantitative measurement of regional aerosol deposition, lung ventilation and airway morphology  in vivo .
Abstract P94: Pre-hospital Care of Patients with St-elevation Myocardial Infarction in Two Different European Regions: Data from Two Regional, Pre-hospital Registries, Concerning Myocardial Infarction in Ile-de-france and Andalusia
Authors: Sophie Bataille, Anna Ozguler, Fernando Rosell Ortiz, Emilio Perea-Milla, Jose Javier Garcia del Aguila, Luis Olavarria Govantes, Yves Lambert, Michel Baer
Journal: Circulation (2008)

The European HESCULAEP project’s objective is the evaluation of pre-hospital practice in Europe; HESCULAEP identified 2 regional ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) registries: e-MUST (Paris area, France, 11 million inhabitants) and PEFEX (Andalusia, Spain, 8 million inhabitants). The objective of this study is to compare these 2 registries, taking into account territorial, population and methodological differences. A comparison of common target population and common variables was performed. Population study was patients having a typical chest pain, lasting less than 24 hours in year 2006. In 2006, e-MUST included 1618 patients, versus 725 in PEFEX. Patients were more often men (77%) in both registries. They were younger in France (61 years old versus 63), p&lt;10 −3 . Cardio-vascular risk factors were quite different: there were more often smokers and dylispemia in France, and more often High Blood Pressure and diabetes in Spain. Emergency teams arrived faster after onset of symptoms in Spain. Patients with Killip 1 were 90% in both registries. In e-MUST, 93% benefited from repermeabilisation decision by the ALS emergency team, versus 46% in PEFEX. Repermeabilisation consisted in thrombolysis in 27% in e-MUST versus 85% in PEFEX. This was performed earlier in France: 130 minutes after onset of chest pain, versus 155 minutes. Apart from Aspirin used in 93% of cases in both registries, adjuvant treatment was also quite different: antithrombotic and anticoagulant were less used in PEFEX than in e-MUST (respectively 17% versus 42% and 51% versus 91%). This was the opposite for nitrates and analgesics. In-hospital mortality was 6.6% in France versus 3.7% in Spain with no significant difference. Despite, regional, patients’ baseline characteristics and pre-hospital care differences in these 2 registries, in-hospital mortality was quite similar. At a further step, it is important to deeply analyze added-information and consequently improve patients’ management based on this pilot study.
Impaired innate immunity to rhinovirus in severe asthmatic children
Authors: Michael Edwards, Nicolas Regamey, Marjolaine Vareille, Elisabeth Kieninger, Atul Gupta, Cara Bossley, Andrew Bush, Sebastian Johnston
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

The pathogenic mechanisms of rhinovirus-induced asthma exacerbations are incompletely understood. Impaired production of innate IFN-β and IFN-λ have been identified in bronchial epithelial cells and bronchoalveloar lavage macrophages from atopic mild moderate asthmatics upon rhinovirus infection  in vitro.  These cells display similar production of pro-inflammatory cytokines when compared to cells cultured from non-asthmatic, non-atopic individuals, and are observable in steroid treated and steroid naive individuals. In the present study, bronchial epithelial cells were cultured from severe asthmatic children ( n =8, mean age 11yr, range 9-15, 63% male) and non-atopic non-asthmatic controls ( n =10, mean age 7yr, range 2-15, 70% male). Cells were infected with RV1B, RV16, or medium and mRNA, protein and virus release was measured at 8-48h post infection. Cells from severe asthmatic children displayed significantly reduced IFN-β (p 0.05) or ENA-78 (p>0.05) compared to controls. Cells cultured from severe asthmatics had significantly higher RV1B (p
Association of Persistent Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness with β<sub>2</sub>-Adrenoceptor (ADRB2) Haplotypes
Authors: MAURO D'AMATO, LUCIA RICCI VITIANI, GIANNI PETRELLI, LUIGINA FERRIGNO, ANGELO di PIETRO, ROBERTO TREZZA, PAOLO MARIA MATRICARDI
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1998)

Section:ChooseTop of pageAbstract <<METHODSRESULTSBronchial Hyperresponsive...DISCUSSIONReferencesCITING ARTICLES
Lung dendritic cells from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients induce type 1 T regulatory cells
Authors: Maria Tsoumakidou, Sofia Tsousa, Maria Semitekolou, Panagiota Panagiotou, Anna Panagiotou, Eleni Litsiou, Ioannis Morianos, Maria Konstantinou, Konstantinos Potaris, Spyros Zakynthinos, Georgina Xanthou
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

The high mortality rate and health care costs associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are due to a great extend to recurrent infectious exacerbations. Impaired T cell immunity might explain this susceptibility to infections. Mature dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial players in the induction of T cell responses against infectious agents. By contrast, immature DCs induce tolerance by promoting the differentiation of regulatory T cells (Tregs). We have previously shown that lung DCs of COPD patients express low levels of co-stimulatory molecules, respond poorly to stimulation and display low ability to prime autologous lung T cells and allogeneic naive T cells. Importantly, naive T cells primed with lung DCs from patients with COPD inhibit T cell proliferation. Here, we have characterized the gene and protein expression profile of these regulatory cells and investigated the mechanism of their suppressive function. Naive CD4+ T cells primed with lung DCs from patients with COPD showed increased gene expression for Foxp3, Ahr and GATA3 (assessed by qRT-PCR) compared to T cells primed with lung DCs from smokers without COPD. Accordingly, flow cytometry analysis showed higher IL-10 and Foxp3 intracellular protein expression. These findings suggest that the induced regulatory cells are Tregs type 1. Type 1 Tregs suppress immune responses primarily through IL-10. Indeed, naive T cells that had been primed with COPD lung DCs failed to inhibit T cell proliferation in the presence of blocking IL-10 receptor antibody. Our findings show that lung DCs from patients with COPD induce type 1 Tregs.
Abstract 65: An integrated bioinformatics approach for identifying patient-specific gene networks and novel therapeutic targets in glioblastoma
Authors: Vasileios Stathias, Chiara Pastori, Ricardo Komotar, Ming Zhang, Stephan Schürer, Jennifer Clarke, Nagi G. Ayad
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract The purpose of our approach is to identify highly relevant and patient specific gene networks from next generation sequencing data and use the resulting gene combinations to identify potential novel therapeutic targets. Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor. Despite medical advances in the field, the median survival time is still below 2 years since recurrence is nearly universal. Thus, the discovery of novel and specific molecular targets is needed. As with all cancers, GBM arises due to complex alterations in a patient's genome. Identifying patient-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs) though, can impose many difficulties given the discordance of different analysis methods when the sample size is low. We used the data on the large number of GBM patients within TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) as filter for identifying variations in expression. With the help of our algorithm, we produced enriched single patient RNAseq DEG lists and we calculated a hypergeometric probability and a correlation coefficient for every gene pair on these lists. By using the most significant of these pairs, we generated gene association networks. To further validate the biological relevance of the gene pairs, we looked into the presence of these networks in other types of cancer and searched for published experimental data supporting the connections of our networks. In order to assess the therapeutic potential of these genes, we used complimentary experiments involving GBM cell lines recorded through the LINCS (Library of Integrated Network-based Cell Signatures) database. This study identifies a putative workflow for uncovering differentially expressed patient specific genes and gene networks for GBM, and capitalizes on the LINCS database to assess the potential of novel therapeutic targets. Citation Format: Vasileios Stathias, Chiara Pastori, Ricardo Komotar, Ming Zhang, Stephan Schürer, Jennifer Clarke, Nagi G. Ayad. An integrated bioinformatics approach for identifying patient-specific gene networks and novel therapeutic targets in glioblastoma. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 65. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-65
Autologous cell suspension transplantation using a cell extraction device in segmental vitiligo and piebaldism patients: A randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Lisa Komen, Charlotte Vrijman, Esther P.M. Tjin, Gabrielle Krebbers, Menno A. de Rie, Rosalie M. Luiten, J.P. Wietze van der Veen, Albert Wolkerstorfer
Journal: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology (2015)