tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Keeping Consultants in Touch
Authors: J. W. Murdoch, T. C. Bradshaw
Journal: BMJ (1966)

While many doctors may carry plasma and disposable drip sets, I usually keep these in my surgery and only put them in the car when I am likely to need them.Some of the items carried are seldom needed-for example, I have used the obstetric forceps four times in 13 years in home confinements.No doubt there is equipment missing from my list which one might assume should be there, but in practice I find the equipment is adequate.In my diagnostic bag are: stethoscope, sphygmomanometer, auriscope, ophthalmoscope, spatulae, torch, nasal speculum, Jobson Home ring and probe, patella hammer, foetal stethoscope,
Correction of Endnote in ProPAC Report
Authors: Stuart H. Altman, David Shactman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1997)

To the Editor: The purpose of this letter is to clarify a misunderstanding in our editorial on hospitals' high administrative costs (March 13 issue).1 We quoted the 1996 report of the Prospective Payment Assessment Commission (ProPAC), which stated that the improved performance of for-profit hospitals “resulted primarily from proprietary hospitals having lower per-case costs after several years of slower cost growth.” 2 However, there was an endnote to this statement explaining that the conclusion was based on an unpublished study by ProPAC in which hospital costs per case were adjusted according to the teaching status of the hospitals. In fact, we . . .
FDA Approves Shingles Vaccine
Authors: Mike Mitka
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
General practitioners' perceptions of the route to evidence based medicine: a questionnaire survey
Authors: A. McColl, H. Smith, P. White, J. Field
Journal: BMJ (1998)

<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objectives:</b> To determine the attitude of general practitioners towards evidence based medicine and their related educational needs. <b>Design:</b> A questionnaire study of general practitioners. <b>Setting:</b> General practice in the former Wessex region, England. <b>Subjects:</b> Randomly selected sample of 25% of all general practitioners (452), of whom 302 replied. <b>Main outcome measures:</b> Respondents9 attitude towards evidence based medicine, ability to access and interpret evidence, perceived barriers to practising evidence based medicine, and best method of moving from opinion based to evidence based medicine. <b>Results:</b> Respondents mainly welcomed evidence based medicine and agreed that its practice improves patient care. They had a low level of awareness of extracting journals, review publications, and databases (only 40% knew of the <i>Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews</i>), and, even if aware, many did not use them. In their surgeries 20% had access to bibliographic databases and 17% to the world wide web. Most had some understanding of the technical terms used. The major perceived barrier to practising evidence based medicine was lack of personal time. Respondents thought the most appropriate way to move towards evidence based general practice was by using evidence based guidelines or proposals developed by colleagues. <b>Conclusion:</b> Promoting and improving access to summaries of evidence, rather than teaching all general practitioners literature searching and critical appraisal, would be the more appropriate method of encouraging evidence based general practice. General practitioners who are skilled in accessing and interpreting evidence should be encouraged to develop local evidence based guidelines and advice. <h3>Key messages</h3> Despite considerable variation in 302 general practitioners9 attitudes to the promotion of evidence based medicine, most were welcoming and agreed that it improved patient care There was a low level of awareness of extracting journals, review publications, and databases relevant to evidence based medicine, and the major perceived barrier to its practice was lack of personal time In their surgery only 20% of general practitioners had access to Medline or other bibliographic databases and 17% had access to the world wide web Most had some understanding of the technical terms used in evidence based medicine, but less than a third felt able to explain to others the meaning of these terms Respondents thought that the best way to move from opinion based practice towards evidence based medicine was by using evidence based guidelines or protocols developed by colleagues
Busman's holiday
Authors: Trisha Greenhalgh
Journal: BMJ (2006)

If you want a good holiday, go well beyond the range of your mobile phone network and leave your stethoscope at home. Better still, sign up for a boat trip in a tropical ocean and spend at least four hours a day under water chilling out with the fish. As all scuba diving doctors know, as soon as the boat has pulled out of port for its seven-day “reefs and wrecks” tour, the captain will ask if there are any …
Isolated Right Ventricular Hypoplasia
Authors: LUC G. VAN DER HAUWAERT, MAGNUS MICHAELSSON
Journal: Circulation (1971)

Hypoplasia of the right ventricle, unassociated with severe pulmonary or tricuspid valvar malformations, is a primary congenital abnormality in which the trabeculated sinus portion of the ventricle fails to develop. An atrial septal defect or a stretched foramen ovale serves as an escape valve. The clinical, hemodynamic, and angiocardiographic features of this rare type of cyanotic heart disease are described in two children and reviewed in 13 previously reported cases. The clinical spectrum varies considerably in accordance with the degree of hypoplasia. Severe forms of hypoplasia, usually presenting in infancy, closely resemble tricuspid or pulmonary atresia. The electrocardiogram in hypoplasia, which shows right atrial enlargement and absence of right ventricular electrical forces, may be indistinguishable from an electrocardiogram in atresia. Lesser degrees of hypoplasia should be differentiated from Ebstein's malformation and anomalies of the systemic venous return. Both our patients, who had only mild underdevelopment of the right ventricle, markedly improved after surgical closure of the atrial septal defect. It is proposed that in mild forms of hypoplasia temporary occlusion of the atrial septal defect by means of a balloon catheter should be used in the preoperative assessment of right ventricular function.
The Efficacy of Tricyclic Antidepressants-Reply
Authors: Domeena C. Renshaw
Journal: JAMA (1988)

In Reply. —  The response by Dr Sobel is accurate and well-taken. Failure to respond should be followed by measuring blood levels of the drug. Both patient response and clinical observation (elevated mood and bladder control) confirmed symptom reversal. Subjective improvement finally determines efficacy.
Photosensitisation and photodynamic therapy of oesophageal, duodenal, and colorectal tumours using 5 aminolaevulinic acid induced protoporphyrin IX--a pilot study.
Authors: J Regula, A J MacRobert, A Gorchein, G A Buonaccorsi, S M Thorpe, G M Spencer, A R Hatfield, S G Bown
Journal: Gut (1995)

The first study of photodynamic therapy in the human gastrointestinal tract using 5 aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) induced protoporphyrin IX as the photosensitising agent is described. Eighteen patients with colorectal, duodenal, and oesophageal tumours were studied. After 30-60 mg/kg of ALA given orally, biopsy specimens of tumour and adjacent normal mucosa were taken 1-72 hours later. These specimens were examined by quantitative fluorescence microscopy for assessment of sensitisation with protoporphyrin IX. Ten patients were given a second dose of ALA a few weeks later and their tumours were treated with red laser light (628 nm). With 30 mg/kg ALA, the highest fluorescence values were detected in the duodenum and oesophagus, and the lowest in the large bowel. Doubling the ALA dose in patients with colorectal tumours gave protoporphyrin IX fluorescence intensities similar to those in patients with upper gastrointestinal lesions and improved the tumour:normal mucosa protoporphyrin IX sensitisation ratio. The treated patients showed superficial mucosal necrosis in the areas exposed to laser light. Six patients had transient rises in serum aspartate aminotransferases, two mild skin photosensitivity reactions, and five mild nausea and vomiting. In conclusion, photodynamic therapy with systemically administered ALA may be a promising technique for the treatment of small tumours and areas of dysplasia such as in Barrett9s oesophagus.
Pruritus vulvae: treatment by multiple intradermal alcohol injections
Authors: G.D. WARD, J.R. SUTHERST
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2006)

A Preliminary report is presented on the use of multiple intradermal injections of absolute alcohol in the treatment of intractable pruritus vulvae. Twenty-five patients were followed up for over I year, and of these six (24%) were cured, and thirteen (52%) showed marked symptomatic improvement.
Role of Krüppel-Like Transcription Factors in Endothelial Biology
Authors: G. Brandon Atkins, Mukesh K. Jain
Journal: Circulation Research (2007)

Krüppel-like factors are members of the zinc finger family of transcription factors that have been implicated as playing key roles in regulating cellular differentiation and tissue development. Studies over the past several years support an important role for this family of factors in vascular biology. This review summarizes the role of Krüppel-like factors in endothelial cell biology.
Electroanatomic Mapping of the Left Ventricle in a Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Infarction With Magnetic Resonance–Based Catheter Tracking
Authors: Srinivas R. Dukkipati, Richard Mallozzi, Ehud J. Schmidt, Godtfred Holmvang, Andre d'Avila, Renee Guhde, Robert D. Darrow, Glenn Slavin, Maggie Fung, Zachary Malchano, Greg Kampa, Jeremy D. Dando, Christina McPherson, Thomas K. Foo, Jeremy N. Ruskin, Charles L. Dumoulin, Vivek Y. Reddy
Journal: Circulation (2008)

X-ray fluoroscopy constitutes the fundamental imaging modality for catheter visualization during interventional electrophysiology procedures. The minimal tissue discriminative capability of fluoroscopy is mitigated in part by the use of electroanatomic mapping systems and enhanced by the integration of preacquired 3-dimensional imaging of the heart with computed tomographic or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A more ideal paradigm might be to use intraprocedural MR imaging to directly image and guide catheter mapping procedures.An MR imaging-based electroanatomic mapping system was designed to assess the feasibility of navigating catheters to the left ventricle in vivo using MR tracking of microcoils incorporated into the catheters, measuring intracardiac ventricular electrograms, and integrating this information with 3-dimensional MR angiography and myocardial delayed enhancement images to allow ventricular substrate mapping. In all animals (4 normal, and 10 chronically infarcted swine), after transseptal puncture under fluoroscopic guidance, catheters were successfully navigated to the left ventricle with MR tracking (13 to 15 frames per second) by both transseptal and retrograde aortic approaches. Electrogram artifacts related to the MR imaging gradient pulses were successfully removed with analog and digital signal processing. In all animals, it was possible to map the entire left ventricle and to project electrogram voltage amplitude maps to identify the scarred myocardium.It is possible to use MR tracking to navigate catheters to the left ventricle, to measure electrogram activity, and to render accurate 3-dimensional voltage maps in a porcine model of chronic myocardial infarction, completely in the MR imaging environment. Myocardial delayed enhancement guidance provided dense sampling of the proximity of the infarct and accurate localization of complex infarcts.
"AN EXPEDIENT TO CONTROL EPISTAXIS"
Authors: Raymond Johnson
Journal: JAMA (1924)

<h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Reading inThe Journalan article on "Control of Epistaxis," I have a method I find very good in country practice, in controlling nasal hemorrhage, as well as hemorrhage in the pharynx. I take a condom, lubricate it with petrolatum, and, inserting a nasal applicator, push it back through the nasal aperture, then remove the applicator, and inflate the condom with the bulb of a Tycos sphygmomanometer or by mouth to the desired pressure, having an assistant or one of the family tie it off close to the nasal aperture. Removal of the condom is simple by puncturing it with a needle or any sharp instrument and slipping it out. This method works fine with nervous children, as it takes only a minute to do it.
Measuring Blood Pressure: Which Arm?
Authors: Barnabas N. Panayiotou
Journal: JAMA (1995)

<h3>To the Editor.</h3> —The article by Dr Reeves<sup>1</sup>was very informative regarding the pitfalls of blood pressure (BP) measurement and how to optimize the accuracy of readings. Among the factors affecting accuracy, Reeves included interarm BP inequalities, but this was not discussed. I believe it is important to clarify this issue. Reeves cited a study by Hashimoto et al<sup>2</sup>and stated that there was no significant difference in BP between the subjects' arms in that study. However, reporting the results only in this way is misleading because in that study as well as one of our own,<sup>3</sup>many individuals (up to 23%) had an absolute interarm difference of more than 8 mm Hg in systolic BP. The highest difference in systolic and diastolic BPs was 20 mm Hg.<sup>3</sup>Blood pressure was higher on the left arm in some individuals but higher on the right in others,
Medical Schools and the Quality of Medical Care
Authors: E. Richard Weinerman
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1948)

INCREASING attention has been paid in recent years to the economics of medical care. Proposals for newer health-service programs have stimulated a voluminous literature, and many important experiments in organized medical care have been developed to meet the increasing public demands.Few students of the problem would quarrel with this emphasis upon costs and distribution of care. Ready access to adequate health services must exist for all the people.The removal of economic barriers, however, would in itself not provide the whole answer to the medical needs of the country. There remains the challenging task of improving the quality of . . .
Free radical activity of PM10: iron-mediated generation of hydroxyl radicals.
Authors: K Donaldson, D M Brown, C Mitchell, M Dineva, P H Beswick, P Gilmour, W MacNee
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that particulate matter < or = 10 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) particles have the ability to generate free radical activity at their surface. We collected PM10 filters from the Edinburgh, United Kingdom, Enhanced Urban Network sampling site, removed particles from the filter, and tested their ability to cause free radical damage to supercoiled plasmid DNA. We found that the PM10 particles did cause damage to the DNA that was mediated by hydroxyl radicals, as shown by inhibition of the injury with mannitol. The PM10-associated hydroxyl radical activity was confirmed using a high-performance liquid chromatography-based assay to measure the hydroxyl radical adduct of salicylic acid. Desferrioxamine abolished the hydroxyl radical-mediated injury, which suggests that iron was involved. Analysis of PM10 filters confirmed the presence of large amounts of iron and leaching studies confirmed that the PM10 samples could release substantial amounts of Fe(III) and lesser amounts of Fe(II). To investigate the size of the particles involved in the hydroxyl radical injury, we centrifuged the suspension of PM10 to clarity, tested the clear supernatant, and found that it had all of the suspension activity. We conclude, therefore, that the free radical activity is derived either from a fraction that is not centrifugeable on a bench centrifuge, or that the radical generating system is released into solution.
Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae Antibodies are Frequent in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Wahiba Sakly, Amani Mankaï, Nabil Sakly, Yosra Thabet, Achouak Achour, Leila Ghedira-Besbes, Moncef Jeddi, Ibtissem Ghedira
Journal: Endocrine Pathology (2010)
Bacterial Parasitization of the Parasite
Authors: Stuart W. Young
Journal: JAMA (1973)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We read with interest the recent LETTER TO THE EDITOR by Chang (223:1510, 1973) suggesting that amoeba are capable of parasitizing pinworms. In recently completed studies at our hospital, we have found that the glycogen-laden integuments of schistosomes that were filtered from patients (<i>Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg</i>, to be published) were colonized by<i>Salmonella</i>organisms. We believe this to be the first apparent evidence of bacterial parasitization of parasites in man, and this interaction may explain the frequent association of chronic salmonella infection and schistosomiasis (<i>Am J Trop Med</i>29:909, 1949).
Alzheimer Vaccine Study
Authors: Joan Stephenson
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2022 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Home Care Guide for HIV and AIDS
Authors: Susan L. Hansen-Flaschen
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1998)

Medical Writings15 October 1998Home Care Guide for HIV and AIDSSusan L. Hansen-Flaschen, MSN, CRNPSusan L. Hansen-Flaschen, MSN, CRNPHospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-129-8-199810150-00040 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Home Care Guide for HIV and AIDS; Houts P; ed. 325 pages. Philadelphia: American Coll Physicians; 1998. $24.95. ISBN 0943126541. Order phone 800-523-1546, ext. 2600.Field of medicine: HIV medicine, AIDS medicine, and home care.Format: Softcover book.Audience: Family members and nonprofessional caregivers of persons with HIV infection or AIDS.Purpose: To provide reliable information on and practical approaches to the home care of persons with HIV infection or AIDS.Content: This book contains 24 chapters, 11 of which deal with the evaluation and home management of symptoms commonly encountered in patients with HIV infection or AIDS. Each of ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Susan L. Hansen-Flaschen, MSN, CRNPAffiliations: Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 15 October 1998Volume 129, Issue 8 Page: 675-676 Keywords AIDS Caregivers Health care providers HIV HIV infections Infectious diseases Living wills Medical education Medical staff Opportunistic infections ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1998 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1998 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
A QUANTITATIVE THEORY OF THE PRECIPITIN REACTION
Authors: Michael Heidelberger, Forrest E. Kendall
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1935)

1. A quantitative theory of the precipitin reaction based on the laws of classical chemistry has now been found applicable to the crystalline egg albumin-antibody system. Equations derived from the theory permit the calculation of the behavior of an anti-egg albumin serum over most of the reaction range after a few quantitative analyses have been made for the nitrogen precipitated. Data of other workers also conform to the proposed equations. 2. The empirical relation, shown to have advantages in the dye antidye system, may also be used for the Ea-A reaction. 3. Serum from the same animal after successive courses exhibits progressive changes which have been described graphically and quantitatively. These changes are believed to consist in the formation of more and more antibody capable of reacting with a larger number of chemically different groupings in the antigen molecule. 4. Evidence is presented that anti-egg albumin is not homogeneous, and that even after prolonged immunization the antiserum contains much low-grade antibody, incapable of forming precipitates unless more reactive precipitin is present. 5. Factors affecting the equivalence point ratio are discussed.
Dendritic cells, the liver, and transplantation
Authors: Tina L. Sumpter, Masanori Abe, Daisuke Tokita, Angus W. Thomson
Journal: Hepatology (2007)

Interstitial liver dendritic cells (DCs) exhibit phenotypic diversity and functional plasticity. They play important roles in both innate and adaptive immunity. Their comparatively low inherent T cell stimulatory ability and the outcome of their interactions with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as with natural killer (NK) T cells and NK cells within the liver, may contribute to regulation of hepatic inflammatory responses and liver allograft outcome. Liver DCs migrate in the steady state and after liver transplantation to secondary lymphoid tissues, where the outcome of their interaction with antigen-specific T cells determines the balance between tolerance and immunity. Systemic and local environmental factors that are modulated by ischemia-reperfusion injury, liver regeneration, microbial infection, and malignancy influence hepatic DC migration, maturation, and function. Current research in DC biology is providing new insights into the role of these important antigen-presenting cells in the complex events that affect liver transplant outcome. (Hepatology 2007.)