tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 2763: EGFR endocytosis is a rational target in lung cancer with wild-type EGFR
Authors: Ukhyun Jo, Kyong Hwa Park, Young M. Whang, Jae Sook Sung, Nam Hee Won, Jong Kuk Park, Yeul Hong Kim
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Oncogenic alterations of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling are frequently observed in lung cancer patients with worse differentiation and poor prognosis. However, the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) is currently limited in selected patients with EGFR mutations. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the potential molecular mechanism that contributes to cell viability and the response of gefitinib, one of the EGFR-TKIs, in lung cancer models with wide-type EGFR (wtEGFR). Interestingly, we found that EGF-induced EGFR endocytosis is existed differently between gefitinib-sensitive and -insensitive lung cancer cell lines. Suppressing EGFR endocytos decreased cell viability and increased apoptotic cell death in gefitinib-insensitive lung cancer with wtEGFR in vitro and in vivo. In addition, we found that Rab25 was differentially expressed in between gefitinib-sensitive and -insensitive lung cancer cells. Rab25 knockdown caused the changed EGFR endocytosis and reverted the gefitinib response in gefitinib-sensitive lung cancer with wtEGFR in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, our findings suggest a novel insight that EGFR endocytosis is a rational therapeutic target in lung cancer with wtEGFR, in which the combined efficacy with gefitinib is expected. Furthermore, we demonstrated that Rab25 plays an important role in EGFR endocytosis and gefitinib therapy. Citation Format: Ukhyun Jo, Kyong Hwa Park, Young Mi Whang, Jae Sook Sung, Nam Hee Won, Jong Kuk Park, Yeul Hong Kim. EGFR endocytosis is a rational target in lung cancer with wild-type EGFR. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2763. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2763
Abstract 16733: High Death and Re-Intervention Rate in Neonatal Modified Blalock-Taussig Shunts With Concomitant Patent Dutus Artertiosus: Mechanistic Insights Into Competitive Flow and Pulmonary Overcirculation
Authors: Bari Murtuza, Madhi Esmaily Moghadam, Alison Marsden
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: When palliating neonates with cyanotic heart defects with systemic-pulmonary (SP) shunts, leaving the ductus arteriosus open may lead to competitive flow and/or pulmonary overcirculation. Competitive flow can cause early shunt obstruction. Pulmonary overcirculation can result in poor oxygen delivery. We reviewed the clinical outcomes in neonates following SP shunts in our institution, and conducted multiscale modeling to assess the fluid dynamics of SP shunt with concomitant PDA. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 69 neonates over a 7-year period was performed: 23 patients had a SP shunt and PDA (MS), and 46 patients had an isolated SP shunt (SS) with PDA ligation. Nearly all patients received modified Blalock-Taussig shunts (MBTS). Patients following Norwood procedure were excluded. Median postoperative PDA diameter was 2.7mm in MS patients. Primary endpoints of death and shunt intervention were assessed. Following the clinical analysis, multiscale models of a 3.5mm MBTS with and without a PD...
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Disadvantaged Adolescents
Authors: Michael E. St. Louis
Journal: JAMA (1991)

OBJECTIVE--To describe the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among socially and educationally disadvantaged young persons in the United States.-We analyzed demographic and geographic findings from the screening of Job Corps students for antibody to HIV. SETTING--The Job Corps is a federal training program for disadvantaged, out-of-school youth. POPULATION SCREENED--Residential students aged 16 to 21 years who entered the Job Corps from October 1987 through February 1990. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE--Rates of observed HIV infection in entering students, stratified by demographic and geographic features. RESULTS--Of 137,209 Job Corps students screened, 488 were HIV seropositive (3.6 per 1000), a seroprevalence rate higher than that among military applicants of the same age. Overall seroprevalence was slightly higher in male (3.7 per 1000) than in female (3.2 per 1000) Job Corps students, but among those students aged 16 and 17 years, seroprevalence was higher among females (2.3 per 1000) than among males (1.5 per 1000) (P less than .05). For students aged 16 to 21 years, seroprevalence increased with year of age: 1.8 per 1000 per year for males and 0.7 per 1000 per year for females. Among those aged 21 years, HIV prevalence was 8.9 per 1000. For black and Hispanic students from large Northeastern cities, seroprevalence increased by 4.3 per 1000 per year of age and reached 24.8 per 1000 (one of 40) in students aged 21 years. However, among students from rural areas and small towns, HIV seroprevalence was disproportionately high in the Southeast. Compared with recently described US patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, HIV-infected students who entered the Job Corps were much more likely to be female. CONCLUSIONS--These findings show that disadvantaged, out-of-school adolescents are at high risk for HIV infection. The screening results identified surprisingly high seroprevalence in the southeastern United States and demonstrated a marked shift in the HIV epidemic to young women. Controlling the HIV epidemic among teenagers must include interventions that will reach adolescents early and outside of the formal educational system.
NHS told to pay £10m to patients infected with hepatitis C
Authors: Clare Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The NHS faces a bill of up to £10m ($15m) in compensation and costs after a landmark High Court victory this week for 114 people who became infected with hepatitis C from blood transfusions.

Under “no fault” legislation on product liability, which has been little used since it came into force in 1988, Mr Justice Burton held that the National Blood Authority and its Welsh counterpart, the Velindre NHS Trust, were liable even if …
PRIMARY ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF 500 CASES
Authors: Saul Karpel, Irving M. Waggoner, Oswald S. Mccown
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1945)

Article1 March 1945PRIMARY ATYPICAL PNEUMONIA: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF 500 CASESSAUL KARPEL, IRVING M. WAGGONER, OSWALD S. MCCOWN JR.SAUL KARPELSearch for more papers by this author, IRVING M. WAGGONERSearch for more papers by this author, OSWALD S. MCCOWN JR.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-22-3-408 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptDuring the past few years much has been written concerning non-bacterial pneumonia. This type of pneumonia has been and still is called by various names. Acute diffuse bronchiolitis, acute interstitial pneumonitis, primary atypical pneumonia, acute pneumonitis, bronchopneumonia, influenzal pneumonitis, disseminated focal pneumonia and benign bronchopulmonary inflammation are designations that have been used.Previous reports of primary atypical pneumonia have been issued, almost without exception, from army hospitals, colleges and health departments, in all instances where roentgen-ray facilities were available, usually at no cost to the patient, and the chest film was obtained as a part of the routine examination. This... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication September 18, 1944.From the Medical Service, Station Hospital, New Orleans Port of Embarkation, New Orleans, Louisiana, May, 1944. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAn explosive outbreak of primary atypical pneumoniaDie PneumonienPrimary Atypical PneumoniaClinical variations in primary atypical pneumoniaPATTERNS OF PULMONARY FIBROSIS AS RELATED TO PULMONARY FUNCTION*DAVID M. SPAIN, M.D.Development of Putrid Pulmonary Abscess in Emphysema-Bladders in Primary Atypic Pneumonia 1 March 1945Volume 22, Issue 3Page: 408-417KeywordsBronchiectasisBronchiolitisHospitalsInflammationInterstitial lung diseasesMedical servicesPneumoniaPneumonitisThorax Issue Published: 1 March 1945 PDF downloadLoading ...
Attaching and effacing Escherichia coli isolates from Danish children: clinical significance and microbiological characteristics
Authors: C. Jensen, S. Ethelberg, B. Olesen, P. Schiellerup, K.E.P. Olsen, F. Scheutz, E.M. Nielsen, J. Neimann, B. Høgh, P. Gerner-Smidt, K. Mølbak, K.A. Krogfelt
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)
HYPOPROTHROMBINEMIA FOLLOWING THE USE OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL: CASE REPORT
Authors: G P MIRRER
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1955)

Case Reports1 November 1955HYPOPROTHROMBINEMIA FOLLOWING THE USE OF PROPYLTHIOURACIL: CASE REPORTGERALD P. MIRRER, M.D.GERALD P. MIRRER, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-43-5-1124 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptThe most frequent toxic manifestations in the clinical use of propylthiouracil include drug fever, dermatitis, agranulocytosis and leukopenia.Severe hypoprothrombinemia following propylthiouracil therapy was described by Craddock et al.1 In their experience fresh human thrombin free serum, together with whole blood transfusions, resulted in a rapid decrease of the prothrombin time. Vitamin K parenterally failed to exert a hemostatic effect.The following is a report of hypoprothrombinemia which occurred during propylthiouracil administration in a case whose presenting symptoms were hematuria and purpura.CASE REPORTThe patient was a 43 year old white Italian female who had been on antithyroid medication...Bibliography1. CraddockShottonCrockettLeavell CGDCLBS: Severe hypoprothrombinemia following propylthiouracil treatment of thyrotoxicosis, New England J. Med. 244: 549, 1951. CrossrefMedlineGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Douglaston, N. Y.*Received for publication August 23, 1954. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHaemorrhage following thyroidectomy for thyrotoxicosisMECHANISM OF THIOAMIDE ANTITHYROID DRUG ASSOCIATED HYPOPROTHROMBINEMIAA Hemorrhagic Syndrome Due to Dicumarol Poisoning Masquerading as Propylthiouracil SensitivityR. T. BRECKENRIDGE, M.D., R. W. KELLERMEYER, M.D. 1 November 1955Volume 43, Issue 5Page: 1124-1127KeywordsAnemiaBiologicsBlood transfusionDrugsFeversHemostaticsLesionsProthrombin timeThrombinVitamin K ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 November 1955 PDF downloadLoading ...
Abstract 17739: First Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Capacitive Electrocardiogram-System in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Mareike Weil, Martin Oehler, Meinhard Schilling, Lars S Maier
Journal: Circulation (2010)

The ECG plays a central role in the early diagnosis of myocardial infarctions, especially in the pre-hospital period. In haemodynamically instable patients, adhesion of conventional electrodes is difficult. Capacitive measurement of ECG-signals is possible without direct contact between electrodes and skin and even through layers of cloth. Whether this technical innovation can be used in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. Therefore we evaluated a capacitive ECG-system (cECG) in patients with ST-elevation MI (STEMI). The cECG was assessed using a sensor array consisting of 15 electrodes (fig. a) of which the classical leads I, II, III, aVL, aVF (Fig. b, blue triangle) and V1-V3 (Fig. b, red marked electrodes) were calculated. A positive vote by the ethics committee was requested before and granted. In the first part of the clinical trial 49 patients were included in the study. In addition to the conventional ECG (kECG) the cECG was registered before reperfusion therapy was started. 19 pat...
High relapse rate after discontinuation of adjunctive medication for elderly patients with recurrent major depression
Authors: C F Reynolds, E Frank, J M Perel, S Mazumdar, M A Dew, A Begley, P R Houck, M Hall, B Mulsant, M K Shear, M D Miller, C Cornes, D J Kupfer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1996)

The authors documented outcomes of elderly depressed patients requiring adjunctive medication during acute-phase pharmacotherapy because of slow or partial response to nortriptyline. Twenty-eight patients (17.7%) received inpatient care at some point during acute-phase treatment.Rates of response, relapse, and sustained remission were examined in 158 elderly patients with recurrent major depression, grouped by whether they received brief treatment with adjunctive medication (lithium, perphenazine, or paroxetine) (N = 39) or did not (N = 119).The group receiving adjunctive medication had a lower rate of response to acute therapy (64.1% versus 83.2%), a higher relapse rate during continuation therapy (52.0% versus 6.1%), and a lower rate of sustained remission (recovery) (48.7% versus 76.5%) than did the group without augmentation.Elderly depressed patients requiring augmented pharmacotherapy to achieve remission may need continuation of adjunctive medication to remain well and to avoid early relapse. Alternatively, factors that lead to augmentation in the first place (e.g., heightened anxiety) may also increase the risk of relapse.
Monoclonal Antibodies Target Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Tracy Hampton
Journal: JAMA (2004)

may still have a similar function. Ajit Varki, MD, of the University of California at San Diego, said that deciphering the relevance of the many differences throughout the two entire genomes will take years. “Most of the differences at the genomic level are going to be meaningless and have no consequence,” he said. “On the other hand, it could well be that one of the most significant differences of all is a single base pair change in the promoter of some gene somewhere,” he said. Willunveiling the full chimpanzeegenomehavemuchofan impactonhuman healthanddisease?Somescientistsarebettingitwill.Lifestylechanges inrecenthumanevolutionhavecertainlycontributed tosomehealthproblems,sothechimpanzeegenomecouldprovideagoodcontrast. There are also several striking biomedicaldifferencesbetweenhumansandchimpanzees, suchashowtheyareaffectedby thepathogensthatcauseAIDSormalaria. As human beings learned to manipulate their environment over the millennia, they have relaxed selection pressure on all kinds of things, explained Olson. “We get obese, we don’t have enough exercise, and we have all of these well-known associated health problems,”hesaid.Chimpanzees,ontheother hand, arebiologically similar tohumans, but have not undergone the same longterm relaxation of selection pressure. “It may be that the chimpanzee is our best bet,” said Olson. “It may provide biochemical, anatomical, and pathological models for [the] kind of characteristics humans would be medically better off having.”
Therapy for Hematologic Cancers in Older Patients, Quality of Life, and Health Economics
Authors: H. Joachim Deeg, Lotte M. Steuten
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Deeg and Steuten address the financial, societal, and individual costs of aggressive treatment with curative intent in older patients with hematologic cancers and suggest that in some cases, palliative care might be a preferred alternative.
Abstract P283: Association of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Adiposity with Inflammatory Biomarkers in Young Adults
Authors: Eunduck Park, Janet C Meininger, Duck-Hee Kang, Kelley P Gabriel
Journal: Circulation (2015)

Introduction: Low grade systemic inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. There is evidence that higher cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with lower levels of inflammatory biomarkers. However, it remains uncertain whether the negative association between CRF and inflammatory biomarkers is due to CRF itself or results from lower levels of adiposity. Moreover, adiposity, including central adiposity, has not been examined as a moderator of the association between CRF and inflammatory biomarkers in young adults. Hypotheses: 1. Higher level of CRF will be associated with lower levels of inflammatory biomarkers after adjusting for levels of adiposity and confounders. 2. Adjusting for confounders, there will be a significant interaction effect between adiposity (BMI, waist circumference (WC)) and CRF in relation to inflammatory biomarker levels. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Houston, TX. A sample of 88 asymptomatic young adults aged 20-34 years without diagnosed diseases was accessed. CRF was assessed by a submaximal treadmill walking test. Adiposity was measured using BMI and WC. The inflammatory biomarkers (hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α) were assayed and were log 10 -transformed. A separate multiple regression analysis was conducted with each of inflammatory biomarker as dependent variables for hypothesis one. Analysis of covariance was used for hypothesis two. Confounding variables tested were sex, ethnicity, oral contraceptive use, and education level. Results: Hypothesis 1: CRF was not associated with log 10 hs-CRP after adjustment for BMI (or WC) and confounders. CRF was not associated with log 10 IL-6 after adjustment for BMI and confounders. However, CRF was negatively associated with log 10 IL-6 after adjustment for WC and confounders (Model adjusted R 2 =.273, p &lt; .0001; β = -.341, t = -1.995, p =.049). Hypothesis 2: CRF х BMI (or WC) interaction was not associated with log 10 hs-CRP after adjustment for confounders. CRF х BMI interaction was not associated with log 10 IL-6 after adjustment for confounders. However, CRF х WC interaction was negatively associated with log 10 IL-6 after adjustment for confounders (Model adjusted R 2 = .258, p &lt; .0001; partial eta 2 =.056, F = 4.730, p = .033). There were no associations of CRF, adiposity, and log 10 TNF-α. Conclusions: In young adults, higher level of CRF is associated with lower level of IL-6 after adjustment for central adiposity and confounders. Further, there is a significant interaction between CRF and WC in relation to IL-6 after adjustment for confounders. Higher levels of CRF may play an important role for lowering some inflammatory biomarkers in central adiposity.
Double-tracer gas washout in stable asthma and COPD
Authors: Kim Husemann, Jennifer Engel, Nina Berg, Johannes Port, Christoph Joppek, Martin Kohlhäufl
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

The double-tracer-gas single-breath washout (DTG-SBW) is an easy to perform tidal breath washout test, the main outcome parameter phase III slope (SIII DTG ) reflects global and acinar ventilation inhomogeneity (VI) in children with cystic fibrosis lung disease (Singer F. et al.Eur. Respir. J. 2012; 41: 339-345). The physiological meaning of SIII DTG  and its potential clinical use in adult patients with obstructive lung diseases has to be defined.  We performed a triplet of tidal DTG-SBW in adult patients with stable asthma (n=28, age 53 ±12 y., mean FEV 1  88(13)% pred.) and stable COPD (n=24, age 65±9 y., mean FEV 1  55(13)% pred.) together with more established nitrogen single- and multiple-breath washout, spirometry and bodyplethysmography. Results were compared to healthy controls.  All global and acinar VI indices of nitrogen washout tests (LCI, dN 2 , Sacin x Vt) were significantly higher in COPD compared to asthma and healthy subjects. SnIII DTG  (SIII DTG  corrected for tidal volume) was significantly steeper in COPD (mean(SD) -0.649(0.307) g/mol) compared to asthma (-0.299(0.117) g/mol, p  2  and SnIII DTG  were not signicifantly different between asthma and healthy subjects, Sacin x Vt was significantly higher in the asthma group (p  DTG  was associated with higher Sacin x Vt (r = -0.71, p  2  (r = -0.58, p   The easy tidal DTG-SBW may measure components of acinar and global VI in adult patients with obstructive lung diseases. The test may be useful for therapeutic monitoring in asthma or phenotyping of early COPD.
Doctor convicted of pound4m fraud against NHS
Authors: C. Dyer
Journal: BMJ (2001)

A doctor who ran a locum agency for medical staff faces a jail sentence for what is thought to be the biggest singlehanded fraud carried out against the NHS. Dimitri Padelis, aged 45, will be sentenced next month for a swindle that police believe may have netted him as much as £4m ($5.6m) from bogus invoices, overcharging, and inflated expenses claims.

The three year police investigation involved the whole of the NHS, but only …
Comment on Hsu et al. BMI Cut Points to Identify At-Risk Asian Americans for Type 2 Diabetes Screening. Diabetes Care 2015;38:150–158
Authors: Stella S. Yi, Nadia Islam, Chau Trinh-Shevrin
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

Hsu et al. (1) provided a comprehensive and informative overview of the existing literature pertaining to BMI, body composition differences, and type 2 diabetes prevalence and incidence in Asian American adults. We commend the authors’ excellent policy recommendation based on the data available and further applaud the American Diabetes Association for its subsequent change of the BMI cutoff for diabetes screening in Asian Americans. Throughout the article, the authors highlighted the need for prospective data in Asian American populations, and we would like to offer further expansion and support for this perspective.

A common stereotype that has been applied to Asian Americans is that they are the model minority—this stereotype posits that …