tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Intravascular activation of complement and acute lung injury. Dependency on neutrophils and toxic oxygen metabolites.
Authors: G O Till, K J Johnson, R Kunkel, P A Ward
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1982)

Intravascular activation of the complement system with cobra venom factor results in acute lung injury, which has been quantitated by increases in lung vascular permeability. Cobra venom factor preparations devoid of phospholipase A2 activity retain full lung-damaging capacity. The lung injury is associated with the preceding appearance of chemotactic activity in the serum coincident with the development of a profound neutropenia. The chemotactic activity is immunochemically related to human C5a. Morphologic studies have revealed discontinuities in the endothelial cell lining of lung alveolar capillaries, damage and/or destruction of endothelial cells in these areas, plugging of pulmonary capillaries with neutrophils that are in direct contact with vascular basement membrane, the presence of fibrin in alveolar spaces and in areas adjacent to damaged endothelial cells, and intraalveolar hemorrhage. Lung injury is dramatically attenuated in animals that have been previously neutrophil depleted. Teh intravenous injection of superoxide dismutase or catalase also provides significant protection from the pulmonary damage. Very little protection from the pulmonary damage. Very little protection is afforded by pretreatment of rats with antihistamine. These studies suggest that intravascular activation of the complement system leads to neutrophil aggregation and activation, intrapulmonary capillary sequestration of neutrophils, and vascular injury, which may be related to production of toxic oxygen metabolites by complement-activated neutrophils.
Hospital Hotels and the Care of the 'Worthy Rich'
Authors: Robert L. Martensen
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 3275: Genome-wide association study of childhood body fatness as a risk factor of breast cancer
Authors: Sara Lindstrom, Jingmei Li, Hongyan Huang, Constance Chen, David J. Hunter, Per Hall, Peter Kraft, Rulla Tamimi
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Girls with large body size have a 15-30% reduced risk of developing breast cancer independent of both birth weight and adult body mass index (BMI). The mechanisms underlying this association are poorly understood, especially since large body size at young age is correlated with earlier pubertal timing, a known risk factor for breast cancer. Self-reported childhood body size, a phenotype which is described in the literature as “childhood body fatness”, has an estimated heritability of 70-80% compared to 40-70% for adult BMI and the correlation between childhood body fatness and adult BMI is only modest (r=0.24-0.30). Still, the literature on genetic associations in pediatric body size-related phenotypes is very sparse. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of childhood body fatness in 10,560 individuals within the Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) and the Health Professional Follow-up Study (HPFS). All subjects were imputed using the 1000 Genomes Phase I v3 reference panel. Analysis was adjusted for top principal components and study/gender. We observed three regions with p&amp;lt;10-7. Two of the regions (TNNI3K and BCDIN3D) have previously been identified as associated with BMI, the former in adolescents. The third region (1p35.2, p=4.8x10-8) constitutes a potential novel locus associated with childhood body fatness. Five additional regions (4 novel) showed suggestive association with childhood body fatness (p&amp;lt;10-6). We are currently replicating these new regions in additional 9,800 subjects from NHS, HPFS and SASBAC, a Swedish breast cancer case-control study. We will also assess the association between identified loci and breast cancer risk. Such analysis will help elucidate the shared genetic component between childhood body fatness and breast cancer and increase our understanding to why early life fatness decreases breast cancer risk. Citation Format: Sara Lindstrom, Jingmei Li, Hongyan Huang, Constance Chen, David J. Hunter, Per Hall, Peter Kraft, Rulla Tamimi. Genome-wide association study of childhood body fatness as a risk factor of breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 3275. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-3275
Effect of sodium loading and ACTH on blood pressure of sheep with reduced renal mass
Authors: J. A. WHITWORTH, J. P. COGHLAN, D. A. DENTON, K. J. HARDY, B. A. SCOGGINS
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1979)

Sodium chloride loading produced a rise in blood pressure in intact sheep which was potentiated by reduction in renal mass. ACTH induced hypertension was also potentiated by reduced renal mass, suggesting a volume component for the hypertension when renal excretory capacity for salt and water is reduced.
Cancer risk assessment of 1,3-butadiene.
Authors: I L Cote, S P Bayard
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1990)

This paper discusses the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) risk assessment of 1,3-butadiene. The assessment focuses on estimation of increased cancer risk to populations living near industrial sources of 1,3-butadiene emissions rather than occupationally exposed populations. Incremental cancer risk estimates based on extrapolation from laboratory animal data are presented. Pharmacokinetic data published since the EPA's 1985 assessment are incorporated, which somewhat alters the earlier assessment of cancer risk. Characterization of emission sources, estimates of ambient air concentrations, and population exposure are also discussed. The estimate presented in this paper of excess cancer cases resulting from point source exposure to 1,3-butadiene is decreased to approximately 40% of the estimate published in 1985 from 6.4 in 10 to 2.5 chances in 10 for a lifetime exposure to 1 ppm. The current estimate is no more than eight additional cancer incidences in the general population. Increased risk to the most exposed individuals is not anticipated to be greater than 1 in 10. This reduction in the risk estimate is due to a change in the estimate of 1,3-butadiene potency (i.e., incremental unit risk estimate) based on incorporation of new pharmacokinetic data.
Angiogenesis Enhances Factor IX Delivery and Persistence from Retrievable Human Bioengineered Muscle Implants
Authors: Lieven Thorrez, Herman Vandenburgh, Nico Callewaert, Nico Mertens, Janet Shansky, Lin Wang, Jef Arnout, Désiré Collen, Marinee Chuah, Thierry VandenDriessche
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2006)

Human muscle progenitor cells transduced with lentiviral vectors secreted high levels of blood clotting factor IX (FIX). When bioengineered into postmitotic myofibers as human bioartificial muscles (HBAMs) and subcutaneously implanted into immunodeficient mice, they secreted FIX into the circulation for >3 months. The HBAM-derived FIX was biologically active, consistent with the cells' ability to conduct the necessary posttranslational modifications. These bioengineered muscle implants are retrievable, an inherent safety feature that distinguishes this "reversible" gene therapy approach from most other gene therapy strategies. When myofibers were bioengineered from human myoblasts expressing FIX and vascular endothelial growth factor, circulating FIX levels were increased and maintained long term within the therapeutic range, consistent with the generation of a vascular network around the HBAM. The present study implicates an important role for angiogenesis in the efficient delivery of therapeutic proteins using tissue engineered stem cell-based gene therapies.
The Immediate Reduction of Deformities
Authors: N. Smith
Journal: BMJ (1886)

be correctly diagnosed in these cases, this is sufficient for every prac- tical purpose.But ovarian abscess or cystoma of the ovary in an early stage, the associated tube remaining normal, needs rather careful differential diagnosis from a distended tube.I hSve found the chief point of difference to be this; that, in cyst or abscess of the ovary, a space can be found between the tumour and the uterus 'unoccupied by any swelling; in distension of the Fallopian tube, the tumour is con- tinuous with the uterus.By this means I have on two or three occa- sions diagnosed a cystic condition of the ovary only, when tubal disease has been expected: a diagnosis which has been confirmed by operation.
Enoxaparin plus Compression Stockings Compared with Compression Stockings Alone in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism after Elective Neurosurgery
Authors: Giancarlo Agnelli, Franco Piovella, Pio Buoncristiani, Paolo Severi, Mario Pini, Armando D'Angelo, Chiara Beltrametti, Marcello Damiani, Gian Carlo Andrioli, Raffaelino Pugliese, Alfonso Iorio, Gianluigi Brambilla
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1998)

Compression stockings are recommended for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in patients undergoing neurosurgery, but anticoagulant agents have not gained wide acceptance because of concern about intracranial bleeding.
Outcomes of intragastric balloon placements in a private practice setting
Authors: Elisabeth Mathus-Vliegen, Peter Alders, Ram Chuttani, Joost Scherpenisse
Journal: Endoscopy (2014)

<b>Background and study aim: </b>Intragastric balloons are used as a treatment for obesity. Much of the data collected on balloons has been in the context of clinical trials in academic medical centers or as a bridge to bariatric surgery in obesity centers. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of balloon treatment in private practice. <b>Patients and methods:</b> This was a retrospective analysis of 6-month weight loss data and balloon-related complications of patients referred to three private centers for obesity treatment. <b>Results:</b> A total of 815 patients (131 males) were referred for balloon treatment (mean age 36.5 years, mean body weight 111.7 kg, mean body mass index [BMI] 38.1 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). The 6-month weight loss data were available for 672 patients. Mean weight loss was 20.9 kg (7.2 BMI units). A total of 372 patients visited the center only once following balloon placement (i. e. for balloon removal), but these patients still achieved a mean weight loss of 19.4 kg (6.6 BMI units). Successful weight loss (i. e. ≥ 10 %) was achieved in 85.0 %. Severe complications consisted of dehydration requiring hospital admission (n = 2; 0.2 %), and intestinal obstruction caused by balloon deflation, which required surgery (n = 2; 0.2 %). A total of 35 deflated balloons (4.3 %) were passed rectally without any adverse events. Severe esophagitis following balloon placement was diagnosed in 12 patients (1.5 %). A total of 53 patients (6.5 %) requested balloon removal during the first month. Nine balloons (1.1 %) were removed for medical reasons. <b>Conclusion:</b> In the private practice setting, intragastric balloons on their own, without an intensive lifestyle program and supportive consultations, resulted in safe and substantial weight losses, and may fill the therapeutic gap between pharmacotherapy and surgery.
VARIABILITY OF ADIPONECTIN LEVELS AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF ATHEROGENESIS, FROM OBESITY TO ADVANCED ATHEROSCLEROSIS AND HEART FAILURE
Authors: Alexis S. Antonopoulos, Charalambos Antoniades, Dimitris Tousoulis, Antigoni Miliou, Constantinos Bakogiannis, Kyriakoula Marinou, Michael Dimosthenous, Costas Psarros, Keith M. Channon, Christodoulos Stefanadis
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)
Cardiomyopathic Findings Associated With Methylphenidate
Authors: Vernon W. Fischer
Journal: JAMA (1977)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> We wish to report, for the first time to our knowledge, the presence of structural alterations in the left ventricular myocardium of a patient who had been treated with the amphetamine congener methylphenidate (Ritalin) hydrochloride for approximately 4 1/2 years. The abnormality was recognized in the course of examining a myocardial biopsy specimen obtained from the patient during coronary bypass surgery, and it consisted primarily of widespread membranous cytoplasmic lamellations within myocardiocytes (Figure). Other myocardial abnormalities were also evident; however, after viewing a series of cardiac biopsies specimens, only in this patient have we detected the extensive presence of these lamellated bodies. Although the patient was exposed to a variety of different drugs, we feel that methylphenidate should be considered as the incriminating factor since this agent is amphetamine-related. Also, the formation of lamellated bodies in mammalian tissues exposed, for instance, to the amphetamine analogue chlorphentermine has
Metastatic Lesions Arising in a Riedel??s Lobe: Findings from a Sulfur Colloid Liver-Spleen Scan
Authors: MARY SCOTT CAMPBELL SOO, MUSTAFA H. ADATEPE
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1990)

Log in or Register Subscribe to journalSubscribe Get new issue alertsGet alerts Enter your Email address: Wolters Kluwer Health may email you for journal alerts and information, but is committed to maintaining your privacy and will not share your personal information without your express consent. For more information, please refer to our Privacy Policy. Subscribe to eTOC Secondary Logo Journal Logo All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search Toggle navigation Subscribe Register Login Articles & Issues Current IssuePrevious IssuesPublished Online First Collections ACNM MeetingsCMECommunication in OrganizationCOVID-19Feedback and RewardsFrom the American College of Nuclear MedicineHighly Cited and Frequently Read ArticlesPlanning and Conducting Meetings EffectivelyQuality and Safety in Health CareRecruitment of New PhysiciansTips for Giving a Memorable PresentationTips for LeadersTips for Physicians in Getting the Right Job ACNM ArticlesACNM Website For Authors Submit a ManuscriptInformation for AuthorsLanguage Editing ServicesAuthor PermissionsLippincott® Preprints Journal Info About the JournalEditorial BoardAdvertisingOpen AccessSubscription ServicesReprintsRights and Permissions All Articles Images Videos Podcasts Blogs Advanced Search
Autoantibody prevalence in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: Effect in interferon alfa
Authors: G V Gregorio, H Jones, K Choudhuri, A Vegnente, F Bortolotti, G Mieli-Vergani, D Vergani
Journal: Hepatology (1996)

The most effective treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is interferon alfa (IFN–α), a potentially severe side effect of which is the induction of autoimmunity. To assess whether IFN– α causes clinical or serological autoimmune manifestations, we studied 61 children randomized to receive 5 MU/m2 of IFN–α three times per week for 12 weeks, with or without steroid priming or no treatment. Autoantibodies to antinuclei (ANA), smooth muscle (SMA), gastric parietal cell (GPC), liver kidney microsomal type 1, mitochondrial, liver cytosolic antigen, thyroid microsomal, and thyroid globulin were detected by standard techniques. Over a median of 4 years (range, 1–5 years) from randomization, no clinical signs of autoimmunity were observed. Autoantibody positivity for nuclei, smooth muscle, and/or gastric parietal cells was observed on at least one occasion in 42 of 61 children (69%), with no overall difference in the prevalence between patients treated with interferon alone (19 of 24 [79%]), steroids plus interferon (13 of 20 [65%]), or untreated controls (10 of 17 [59%]). There was also no difference in the autoantibody prevalence before, during, and at follow–up after cessation of treatment in both interferon–treated and interferon– untreated patients. Autoantibodies are common in chronic HBV infection, and their prevalence is uninfluenced by IFN–α.
Different TI-201 Uptake Patterns in Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid and in a Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: RUTH HARDOFF, ELIZABETH BARON
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1991)

TI-201 scintigraphy may help in the evaluation of cold nodules of the thyroid. Several reports have claimed that early T1–201 uptake in “cold” thyroid nodules, which remains prominent 3 hours following the injection, is suggestive of thyroid tumors such as carcinoma or adenoma. TI-201 washout between the early and late images is characteristic of a benign thyroid disease. We describe a woman with Tc-99m pertechnetate “cold” thyroid nodule, who demonstrated different patterns of T1–201 uptake in a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid and in a metastatic lymph node.
Phase I/II Study of Hepatic Arterial Therapy With Floxuridine and Dexamethasone in Combination With Intravenous Irinotecan As Adjuvant Treatment After Resection of Hepatic Metastases From Colorectal Cancer
Authors: N. Kemeny, W. Jarnagin, M. Gonen, J. Stockman, L. Blumgart, D. Sperber, A. Hummer, Y. Fong
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2003)

Patients who undergo resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer have an average 2-year survival of 65%. With hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) plus systemic fluorouracil and leucovorin, 2-year survival increased to 86%. For further improvement in both local and systemic control, combinations of new systemic drugs with HAI are being explored. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of systemic irinotecan (CPT-11) and HAI floxuridine (FUDR) plus dexamethasone (DEX) as combination adjuvant therapy after liver resection.Ninety-six patients who underwent complete resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer were treated with six monthly cycles of HAI FUDR plus DEX for 14 days of each 4-week cycle plus escalating doses of systemic CPT-11. The primary end points of the phase I/II study were the MTD and efficacy of this regimen.The MTD for combined systemic CPT-11 and HAI FUDR was CPT-11 at 200 mg/m2 every other week and FUDR at 0.12 mg/kg x pump volume / pump flow rate. The dose-limiting toxicities were diarrhea and neutropenia. With a median follow-up time of 26 months, the 2-year survival rate is 89%. All of the 27 patients who were treated at the MTD are alive.In patients who undergo resection of liver metastases from colorectal cancer, adding systemic CPT-11 to HAI therapy in an adjuvant regimen is feasible. This regimen seems to have comparable activity to fluorouracil and leucovorin, but further studies are needed to assess whether it improves local control or decreases extrahepatic recurrences.
Role Of Disulfide Bridges In The Proteolytic Susceptibility And Allergenicity Of Ara H 6, A Major Allergen From Peanut
Authors: B. Guillon, S. Hazebrouck, K. Adel-Patient, E. Paty, P. Scheinmann, J.M. Wal, H. Bernard
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2011)
Consumption of Raw Shellfish — Is the Risk Now Unacceptable?
Authors: Herbert L. DuPont
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1986)

People who have become accustomed to eating raw shellfish may need to reconsider this practice in view of new medical evidence. In this issue of the Journal, Morse et al.1 describe the occurrence of gastroenteritis associated with eating raw shellfish in more than 1000 persons in New York State over an eight-month period. Norwalk virus was implicated as the most important etiologic agent. The size and duration of the outbreaks suggest that viral gastroenteritis more commonly follows ingestion of inadequately cooked shellfish, including steamed clams, than previously thought.The standards for harvesting shellfish are established by state rules and . . .
Abstract 4716: Discovery of biomarkers from highly enriched prostate cancer microparticles for prognostication of prostate cancer
Authors: Colleen N. Biggs, Quiquan Guo, Jun Yang, Ann F. Chambers, Joseph L. Chin, Nicholas Power, Hon S. Leong
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer microparticles (PCMPs) are essentially fragments of tumor cells that are present in various bodily fluids such as plasma and urine. By using nanoscale flow cytometry, multiple biomarkers can be assessed on PCMPs in patient plasma, a convenient “fluid biopsy” for prostate cancer (PCa). Discovering biomarkers specific for metastatic PCMPs would establish a non-invasive fluid biopsy for detecting the earliest onset of metastatic disease for patients post-prostatectomy. Discovery of biomarkers specific to Gleason score 6 (3+3) and 8 (4+4) lesions that are decorated on the surface of PCMPs would help establish a non-invasvie fluid biopsy for tumor upstaging (i.e., Gleason 6 to 7) of patients placed on active surveillance who have deferred prostatectomy. We hypothesize that biomarkers specific for metastatic PCMPs or Gleason Score-specific PCMPs can only be discovered via proteomics analysis on highly purified PCMPs from plasmas which have minimal levels of non-target microparticles and plasma proteins. To do this, plasmas were incubated with biotinylated anti-PSMA mAb and PSMA+ve microparticles were isolated from plasma by using a magnetic column after several purification runs. Eluted samples were then submitted to nanoscale flow cytometry in which elution fractions that exhibited minimal non-target microparticle concentrations (&amp;lt;1000 events/uL) were submitted to proteomics analysis. PCMPs from plasma samples representing localized (N=7, lymph node negative, PSA&amp;gt;5 ng/mL, Gleason Score 3+3) and metastatic (N=7, confirmed bone metastases, PSA&amp;gt;10 ng/mL, Gleason 4+4) were isolated, evaluated and submitted for iTRAQ labeling, high pH reversed phase fractionation and LC-MS/MS analysis. All data was analyzed using Proteome Discoverer 1.3 and MASCOT v2.3 software. Mass spectometry analysis revealed 8 proteins significantly upregulated and 5 proteins downregulated in the majority of metastatic plasma samples compared to localized plasma samples. Data was normalized to albumin levels by western blot and mass spectrometry. Based on these results, we have identified 8 proteins that may be specific for a subpopulation of PCMPs from metastatic PCa patients. Out of these, 6 may be candidates for flow cytometry because they are membrane-bound or are cytoskeletal elements potentially exposed to the extracellular space (CLIC1, PVR, YWHAE, KRT16, K1C10, KRT2). Citation Format: Colleen N. Biggs, Quiquan Guo, Jun Yang, Ann F. Chambers, Joseph L. Chin, Nicholas Power, Hon S. Leong. Discovery of biomarkers from highly enriched prostate cancer microparticles for prognostication of prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 4716. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-4716
IMPACT OF MODERATE-SEVERE MITRAL REGURGITATION ON OUTCOMES AFTER TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT: META-ANALYSIS OF 8 STUDIES COMPRISING 6166 PATIENTS
Authors: Tarun Chakravarty, Hasan Jilaihawi, Amit Noheria, Niraj Doctor, Jigar Patel, Heera Pokhrel, Wen Cheng, Raj Makkar
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2014)