tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Airway-centered interstitial fibrosis - Two case reports
Authors: Vitor Melo, Marta Sousa, Jessica Jones, Ana Campos, Simões Torres
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Airway-centered interstitial fibrosis (ACIF) is a rare interstitial lung disease (ILD) of unknown cause characterized by chronic cough and progressive dyspnea and history of inhaled exposure. There is progressive peribronchiolar distribution of interstitial inflammation and fibrosis with bronchiolar metaplasia. The majority of patients are non-responsive to corticotherapy and prognosis is poor.  We describe two female patients, 65 and 66 years, presenting with chronic dry cough and progressive dyspnea. They were non-smokers, farmers and with a history of inhaled exposure to birds. Pulmonary function tests showed a moderate obstructive pattern in one case and moderately decreased CO diffusion in both patients. Chest radiographs revealed diffuse reticulonodular infiltrates. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed reticular fibrosis and disperse ground glass infiltrates in one case and sparing the upper lobes in the other. Bronchoalveolar lavage showed an increase in lymphocytes and neutrophils in one case. The diagnosis was made by surgical biopsy revealing pericentrilobular lesions and linfoplasmocitary infiltrate compatible with ACIF. Treatment with oral steroids for 12 months in both patients. In one case the disease progressed with worsening symptoms, pulmonary function tests and CT imaging even after combined immunosuppression with Azathioprine. In the other case the patient9s symptoms and CT imaging improved.  These cases had similar clinical, radiological and pathological features as most of the few cases reported in literature. Both were non-smokers but had been exposed to birds. However, disease progression varied considerably as one patient improved but the other worsened even after combined immunosuppression.
Pellagra’s Three Ds
Authors: Alexandra Barsell, Scott A. Norton
Journal: JAMA Dermatology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Dermatology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Dermatology journal
Abstract 13215: Effect of a 6-Month Exercise-Lifestyle Intervention on Physical Performance, Lipid Profiles, and Overall Well-Being in Women at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Pamela A Marcovitz, Scott S Billecke, Megan Donnelly, Barry Franklin
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Heart disease remains the leading cause of death in women in the United States. Supervised exercise programs in men are associated with multiple cardiac benefits, including lower blood ...
Release of thromboxane A2 by low-dose almitrine in the hypoxic dog
Authors: R Chuma, O Tanaka, Y Hoshino, H Obara, S Iwai
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (1988)

Potentiation of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction by a low dose of almitrine bismesylate (1 microgram.kg-1.min-1) was evaluated in terms of blood chemical mediator concentrations. Time course changes in the blood concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, serotonin, histamine, thromboxane TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha were monitored after administration of almitrine bismesylate for 15 min at 1 microgram.kg-1.min-1) in hypoxic and normoxic beagles. The low almitrine dose significantly increased TXB2 levels in hypoxic beagles, but the levels remained virtually unchanged in the normoxic animals with almitrine bismesylate and in the hypoxic animals with solvent. TXB2 levels did not increase when the almitrine infusion was increased to 5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 for 15 min in hypoxic conditions. These findings suggest that almitrine is involved in arachidonic acid metabolism at a low rate of infusion and that thromboxane release from hypoxic areas of the lung may cause local vasoconstriction.
Repression of the gene encoding the TGF-β type II receptor is a major target of the EWS-FLI1 oncoprotein
Authors: Ki-Baik Hahm, Keuna Cho, Cecile Lee, Young-Hyuck Im, Jay Chang, Shin-Geon Choi, Poul H.B. Sorensen, Carol J. Thiele, Seong-Jin Kim
Journal: Nature Genetics (1999)
Prognostic value of quality-of-life scores during chemotherapy for advanced breast cancer. Australian New Zealand Breast Cancer Trials Group.
Authors: A Coates, V Gebski, D Signorini, P Murray, D McNeil, M Byrne, J F Forbes
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1992)

PURPOSE We observed that quality-of-life (QL) scores, collected to evaluate treatment in a randomized trial in advanced breast cancer, predicted survival duration. This report explores the prognostic associations between QL and survival in more detail. PATIENTS AND METHODS In a randomized clinical trial comparing intermittent and continuous therapy policies for patients with advanced breast cancer, QL was measured by linear analog self-assessment (LASA) and the Quality-of-Life Index (QLI). Baseline scores and subsequent changes were included in statistical models of survival duration, with and without other prognostic factors. RESULTS Physician assessment of QLI and patient LASA scores for physical well-being (PWB), mood, nausea and vomiting, appetite, and overall QL (but not pain) at the commencement of treatment were significant predictors of subsequent survival. Scores for PWB and QLI were independent of other prognostic factors. Changes in scores were also prognostically important. Both baseline and change in scores for PWB, mood, pain, and QLI after the first three treatment cycles, but before an arbitrary 180-day time point, were significantly predictive of survival beyond that time. Both QLI and PWB were prognostically independent of tumor response. Although QL improvement was correlated with tumor response, continuous therapy yielded significantly better QL scores, even in nonresponders. CONCLUSION These findings support the validity of the simple QL measures used in the trial. They are compatible with the simple explanation that patients perceive disease progression before it is clinically evident, but also with a causal relationship between QL and survival duration.
The intradermal effects of the H<sub>3</sub> receptor agonist R α methylhistamine in human skin
Authors: None Kavanagh, None Sabroe, None Greaves, None Archer
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article The intradermal effects of the H3 receptor agonist R α methylhistamine in human skin Get access G.M. Kavanagh, G.M. Kavanagh Department of Dermatology, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K., Dr GinaKavanagh University Department of Dermatology, The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, Lauriston Place, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar R.A. Sabroe, R.A. Sabroe Department of Dermatology, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M.W. Greaves, M.W. Greaves St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London SE1 7EH, U.K. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar C.B. Archer C.B. Archer Department of Dermatology, University of Bristol, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, U.K., Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 138, Issue 4, 1 April 1998, Pages 622–626, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02172.x Published: 01 April 1998
The effect of peer-to-peer feedback on severe community acquired pneumonia
Authors: T.K. Lim, H.F. Lim, Jason Phua, Malcolm Mahadevan
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Delays in intensive care unit (ICU) admission are associated with higher mortality in community acquired pneumonia (CAP). ( Phua J, Eur Resp J 2010;36:826 ). In 2008 we employed minor severity criteria from the 2007 IDSA/ATS guidelines  plus  point of care lactate to identify high risk patients in the emergency department (ED) for rapid resuscitation and direct admission to the ICU. ( Phua J, Thorax 2009;64:598 ) This was associated with reduced mortality in severe CAP, without increasing ICU admission rates. ( Lim TK, Int. Forum on Quality & Safety in Healthcare 2012 ).  Intervention:  In July 2010 we implemented peer-to-peer feedback(p2p) on severe CAP management between ED & ICU teams to improve teamwork and safety. ( Hudson DW, et al Am J Med Qual. 2011 Dec 27 )  Results:  From Jul 2010-Dec 2011 we admitted 243 patients with severe CAP in our ICU. ICU admission were delayed in 36% and hospital deaths 22.2%. Delays in ICU admission increased from 31% in 2010 to 40% in 2011. Nevertheless, there was a small drop in overall mortality (25.5% to 20%) mostly in patients directly admitted to ICU which fell from 26.5% to 17.2%. Mortality in delayed ICU admissions was stable (23.9% to 23.3%). Adherence to the resuscitation bundle was high in 2010: point of care lactate test 91%, antibiotics 97%, intravenous fluids 95% & vaso-pressors 100%. But it fell in 2011 to 84%, 80%, 98% & 86% respectively.  Conclusions:  In the management of severe CAP p2p was associated with reduction in mortality without increasing early/direct ICU admissions rates. Timely and sustained p2p feedback may be required to maintain a high degree of adherence to resuscitation bundles and to further improve patient outcomes in severe CAP.
Evaluation of the detection of non-cultivable mycobacterium tuberculosis in human clinical samples
Authors: Noelia Cubero, Mª Jesus Garcia, Rosa Lopez Lisbona, Antoni Rosell, Jordi Dorca
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is supposed to stay in a quiescent state when it establishes a latent infection, being unable to grow in culture.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the detection of noncultivable bacilli in human clinical samples using a procedure that is independent of the immunological status of the patient.

Materials/Patients and methods: The study was performed on 61 samples obtained from samples received for routine diagnosis to rule out a mycobacterial infection. Specimens from pulmonary and extra-pulmonary origins were studied by real-time quantitative PCR and the amplification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was observed at the DNA and RNA levels. Clinical records of 52 patients were also reviewed.

Results: Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic sequences were detected in all culturepositive samples whereas they were detected in 26% of the culture-negative samples, including 24% with a basal metabolic activity detected.

Conclusions: We were able to detect viable but non-cultivable bacilli with a metabolic activity in both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary samples. The amplifications of the fts Z gene and of the main promoter of the ribosomal operon, namely PCL1, seem to be good targets to detect active bacilli putatively involved in latent Tuberculosis.
Inhibition of Anaerobic Glycolysis of Ascites Cancer Cells by Acridine Dyes and Light
Authors: Jehu C. Hunter, Mark W. Woods, Dean Burk
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1965)

Low concentrations of certain well-known chemotherapeutic diaminoacridine dyes (acridine orange, acriflavine, and proflavine), but not thiazine dyes (thionine, methylene blue, thionine blue, and new methylene blue), markedly inhibitedanaerobic glycolysis of ascites cancer cells upon illumination with white light. This large, photosensitized inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis appears to be related to the very low oxidation-reduction (O-R) potential (E′0 in the region of hydrogen overvoltage) of these diaminoacridines, which, upon absorption of the blue-green component of white light, tend to shift the over-all O-R potential of cell systems negatively toward reduction. Imposition of aerobic conditions, which tend to shift the over-all O-R potential of cell systems toward oxidation, reversed the photo-chemically induced inhibition of anaerobic glycolysis. Aerobic glycolysis of ascites cancer cells was stimulated by diaminoacridines in the dark, but light of sufficient intensify could eliminate this stimulation entirely. Anaerobic glycolysis was stimulated in the dark by acriflavine but not by acridine orange or proflavine. In cell-free media, all the diaminoacridines studied catalyzed the quantitative photo-oxidation of reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide (DPNH2) by O2 to form H2O2 and thus yielded a new manometric assay for reduced coenzyme.
Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: K Mabuchi, D S Bross, I I Kessler
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1985)

To investigate risk factors in male breast cancer, a case-control study of 52 histologically diagnosed cases and 52 controls--matched for age, race, marital status, and hospital--was conducted in 5 U.S. metropolitan areas. Cases were significantly more likely to be Jewish than were the controls, supporting earlier suggestions of an increased risk in Jewish males. A significant association of male breast cancer with mumps infections at age 20 years or older, along with the possible association with antecedent testicular injury and the excess frequency of mumps orchitis among cases, suggests that testicular factors may be important in the development of breast cancer among males. An increased frequency of breast cancer among persons who have worked in blast furnaces, steel works, and rolling mills is of interest because of the possible testicular effect of high environmental temperatures. The observed association between breast cancer and a prior history of swollen breast is difficult to interpret because of potential recall bias, and a possible relationship with military service needs further confirmation.
Cyclosporine-induced chronic nephropathy
Authors: B D Myers, L Newton
Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology (1991)

Physiologic and morphologic techniques have been used to study kidneys of 200 cardiac transplant recipients treated with either low- or high-dose cyclosporine. After 12 months, both low- (4.6 +/- 0.4) and high-dose cyclosporine (6.3 +/- 0.3 mg/kg/24 h; P less than 0.01) were associated with depression of glomerular filtration rate below values in a third group of 100 recipients never exposed to cyclosporine by 40 to 47%. Determination of renovascular pressures and flows as well as analysis of transglomerular sieving of dextrans revealed renal vascular resistance in cyclosporine-treated recipients to be elevated greater than twofold, due largely to an increase in preglomerular resistance. Morphologic changes in renal tissue of both cyclosporine groups included an occlusive afferent arteriolopathy with downstream collapse or sclerosis of glomeruli. Ischemic nephrons were associated with patchy fibrosis of the surrounding interstitium. Follow-up for up to 9 yr reveals persistent but stable azotemia, on average. Longitudinal physiologic studies over a 48-month period (N = 15) during which cyclosporine was reduced in dosage (to 3.1 +/- 0.3 mg/kg) or withdrawn revealed a persistently reduced but constant level of glomerular filtration rate. Increasing ischemic glomerular collapse and sclerosis were observed at repeat renal biopsy. Remnant (spared) glomeruli exhibited hypertrophy; presumably elevated single nephron glomerular filtration rate maintained two-kidney glomerular filtration rate constant despite the declining fraction of functional glomeruli. By actuarial analysis, the cumulative incidence of end-stage renal failure in cardiac transplant recipients treated at this institution from 1980 onwards with continuous cyclosporine therapy has reached 10%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency patients
Authors: Francisco Dasi, Sara Pastor, Manuel Mata, Monica Amor, Eva Serna, Silvia Castillo, Francisco Sanz, Pilar Codoñer-Franch, Amparo Escribano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background: Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a hereditary condition that leads to decreased circulating AAT levels, significantly increasing the risk of serious lung and liver disease in children and adults. AATD is a highly under-diagnosed condition and shows a high degree of variability. AAT serum levels and phenotype are not enough to identify those patients that will develop severe lung or liver pathology.

Rationale and aims : MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and have been associated with the pathogenesis of several lung and liver diseases. Cell-free circulating miRNAs may serve as diagnostic biomarkers of AATD but the miRNAs profile in AATD is currently unknown. This study is aimed to find a plasma miRNA expression profile in AATD that can assist diagnosis.

Methods : Thirty children with AATD were prospectively included in the study. Patients were classified in three risk groups of developing lung disease: low (MM; MS; SS phenotypes), intermediate (MZ; SZ) and high risk (ZZ). Plasma miRNA expression profiling was performed by using GeneChip miRNA 3.0 Arrays (Affymetrix). Differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR.

Results : A profile of 32 plasma miRNAs, which can potentially serve as biomarkers for AATD, was found. These miRNAs were validated in 145 patients with AATD and 9 miRNAs were found to be significantly deregulated, which can potentially serve as biomarkers for AATD diagnosis.

Conclusions :The analysis of plasma miRNAs profile in AATD individuals has established a genetic signature that differentiates the different risk groups. Therefore, miRNA expression analysis may open new ways of diagnosing and monitoring lung and liver damage associated to AATD.
High mortality in COPD patients with isolation of aspergillus spp in bronchial secretions
Authors: Roberto Chalela Rengifo, Pilar Ausin Herrero, Antonio Ferrer Monreal, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Susana Font, Juan Gomez, Joaquin Gea Guiral
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction : COPD is a risk factor for pulmonary aspergillosis (PA). Antifungal treatment in COPD patients and respiratory isolation of  Aspergillus spp  without radiographic findings remains controversial.   Objective : to describe the clinical and functional characteristics of COPD patients with exacerbation and isolation of  Aspergillus spp  in bronchial secretions, and to compare the differences between invasive and non-invasive cases.   Methods : we selected patients with  Aspergillus spp  in bronchial secretions for 6 years. Patients with aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, cancer or severe immunosuppression were excluded. Patients were classified according to main respiratory diagnoses. We collected data on clinical features, treatment and mortality for two years. The EORTC/MSG criteria for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis was used.   Results : 98 patients with 199 positive cultures were studied: COPD (69), asthma (10), post-tuberculosis sequelae (8), bronchiectasis (5), and other (6).  Conclusions: COPD patients with PA have a high mortality rate per year regardless of whether they present invasive disease or not; only 1/3 patients with non-invasive aspergillosis received antifungal treatment. Early detection and anti-fungal treatment could be effective to improve survival in these patients. Coinfection with P. aeruginosa is frequently seen (almost 2/3) in non-invasive disease cases.
Cerebral Glucose Metabolic Response to Combined Total Sleep Deprivation and Antidepressant Treatment in Geriatric Depression
Authors: Gwenn S. Smith, Charles F. Reynolds, Bruce Pollock, Stuart Derbyshire, Eric Nofzinger, Mary Amanda Dew, Patricia R. Houck, Donna Milko, Carolyn Cidis Meltzer, David J. Kupfer
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1999)

The treatment of geriatric depression is complicated by a variable and delayed response to antidepressant treatment. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that combined total sleep deprivation and paroxetine treatment would produce a persistent reduction in glucose metabolism in the anterior cingulate cortex similar to that reported after long-term antidepressant treatment.Six elderly depressed patients who met the DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder and six age-matched comparison subjects underwent serial positron emission tomography (PET) studies at baseline, after total sleep deprivation, after recovery sleep (after the initial paroxetine dose), and after 2 weeks of paroxetine treatment (patients only). The PET data were analyzed by using statistical parametric mapping methods.The patients' scores on a 13-item version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale were decreased after total sleep deprivation, after recovery sleep, and after 2 weeks of treatment. The Hamilton depression scores of the comparison subjects were not significantly altered. In the patients, the greatest reductions in normalized, relative glucose metabolism after sleep deprivation were observed in the anterior cingulate cortex (Brodmann area 24), and they persisted after recovery sleep and antidepressant treatment. The comparison subjects demonstrated increased metabolism in these areas.Improvement in the patients' depressive symptoms was accompanied by reduced glucose metabolism in the right anterior cingulate cortex and right medial frontal cortex. These preliminary data indicate that in elderly depressed patients, total sleep deprivation may accelerate the clinical and glucose metabolic response to antidepressant treatment.
Prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in humans living in municipalities with high and low broiler density
Authors: P.M.C. Huijbers, M. de Kraker, E.A.M. Graat, A.H.A.M. van Hoek, M.G. van Santen, M.C.M. de Jong, E. van Duijkeren, S.C. de Greeff
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2013)
KLIC-score for predicting early failure in prosthetic joint infections treated with debridement, implant retention and antibiotics
Authors: E. Tornero, L. Morata, J.C. Martínez-Pastor, G. Bori, C. Climent, D.M. García-Velez, S. García-Ramiro, J. Bosch, J. Mensa, A. Soriano
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2015)