tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Do uterine fibroids cause infertility and should they be removed to increase fertility?
Authors: C. Farquhar
Journal: BMJ (2009)

Twenty to fifty per cent of women are estimated to have fibroids, and the incidence increases with age until menopause.1 Whether fibroids cause infertility is the subject of considerable speculation; fibroids are estimated to be the sole cause of infertility in less than 3% of cases.2 

The impression that fibroids contribute to infertility has arisen from several case series, mostly without controls, where a varying proportion of previously infertile women conceived after their fibroids had been removed.3 4 However, case series are generally not considered strong evidence of causation, so whether fibroids do cause infertility, and therefore whether they should be removed, is still uncertain.5 

A systematic review of 22 observational studies and one randomised controlled trial has recently reported reduced fertility in women with fibroids, mostly in association with assisted reproductive technology cycles.6 The review suggests that the location of the fibroids may matter: women with subserosal fibroids do not seem to be less fertile than women with no fibroids; however, women with submucosal fibroids (with or without intramural fibroids) had decreased fertility and increased pregnancy loss compared with women with no fibroids. 

There are several reasons to be …
High concordance of subtypes of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia within families: lessons from sibships with multiple cases of leukemia
Authors: K. Schmiegelow, U. Lausten Thomsen, A. Baruchel, C. E. Pacheco, Rob Pieters, M. S. Pombo-de-Oliveira, Elisabeth Wreford Andersen, K. Rostgaard, H. Hjalgrim, C.-H. Pui
Journal: Leukemia (2011)
The Poor-Law Officers' Superannuation Act, 1896
Authors: J. J. Tisdall
Journal: BMJ (1897)

<h3>Abstract</h3> A flexible model is introduced which shares ideas with the Autoencoder, Canonical Correlation Analysis, Singular Value Decomposition, and Procrustes Analysis. It is proposed to find relevant maps to transform multiple datasets of various types from one modality to another. Here, the Generative Encoder is used to transform spatial gene expression from breast tissue, to the images of histology tissue measured with Spatial Transcriptomics. The model is directly interpretable given all parameters are linked to the data space. It is scalable on Big Data, training reasonably on several thousand RGB images of 100 by 100 pixels in under an hour, which equates to 30,000 pixel features per sample image.
Rubella-associated arthritis. I. Comparative study of joint manifestations associated with natural rubella infection and RA 27/3 rubella immunisation.
Authors: A J Tingle, M Allen, R E Petty, G D Kettyls, J K Chantler
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1986)

Joint manifestations observed during the course of a prospective RA 27/3 rubella immunisation trial were compared with those observed during an intercurrent wild rubella epidemic in an outlying community. Among 44 rubella haemagglutination inhibition (HAI) negative females ranging in age from 17 to 33 years who received rubella vaccine, six (13.6%) developed acute polyarticular arthritis within two to four weeks postvaccine and two (4.5%) had continuing or recurrent arthropathy lasting longer than 18 months. In contrast, among 23 females ranging in age from 11 to 39 years undergoing wild rubella infection, 12 (52.2%) developed acute polyarticular arthritis and seven (30.4%) had recurrent arthropathy 18 months postinfection. Among 23 males ranging in age from 13 to 54 years undergoing wild rubella infection, only two (8.7%) developed acute arthritis and both individuals had continuing joint manifestations 18 months postinfection. Wild rubella infection in adult populations is associated with a higher incidence, increased severity, and more prolonged duration of joint manifestations than is seen after RA 27/3 rubella immunisation.
EXERCISE TRAINING UP-REGULATES PHYSIOLOGICAL GROWTH SIGNALLING IN THE MYOCARDIUM OF PATIENTS WTH MECHANICAL CIRCULATORY SUPPORT: RELEVANCE TO FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY
Authors: Stamatios Adamopoulos, Aggeliki Gouziouta, Polixeni Mantzouratou, Erietta Kostakou, Ioannis D. Laoutaris, Athanasios Dritsas, Dennis V. Cokkinos, Iordanis Mourouzis, Petros Sfyrakis, Giorgio Iervasi, Constantinos Pantos
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2013)
Mosquito Bites and Age
Authors: B. W. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1951)

MEDICLJRNALof aortic regurgitation-the difference in mm. of Hg between the change of the sound (the diastolic of British cardiologists) and its complete disappearance (the diastolic of Americans) divided by the pulse pressure (first systolic sound and complete disappearance of the sound).
Disruption of the PRKCD–FBXO25–HAX-1 axis attenuates the apoptotic response and drives lymphomagenesis
Authors: Ursula Baumann, Vanesa Fernández-Sáiz, Martina Rudelius, Simone Lemeer, Roland Rad, Anna-Maria Knorn, Jolanta Slawska, Katharina Engel, Irmela Jeremias, Zhoulei Li, Viktoriya Tomiatti, Anna-Lena Illert, Bianca-Sabrina Targosz, Martin Braun, Sven Perner, Michael Leitges, Wolfram Klapper, Martin Dreyling, Cornelius Miething, Georg Lenz, Andreas Rosenwald, Christian Peschel, Ulrich Keller, Bernhard Kuster, Florian Bassermann
Journal: Nature Medicine (2014)
The Spanish toxic oil syndrome 20 years after its onset: a multidisciplinary review of scientific knowledge.
Authors: Emilio Gelpí, Manuel Posada de la Paz, Benedetto Terracini, Ignacio Abaitua, Agustín Gómez de la Cámara, Edwin M Kilbourne, Carlos Lahoz, Bénoit Nemery, Rossanne M Philen, Luis Soldevilla, Stanislaw Tarkowski
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (2002)

In 1981, in Spain, the ingestion of an oil fraudulently sold as olive oil caused an outbreak of a previously unrecorded condition, later known as toxic oil syndrome (TOS), clinically characterized by intense incapacitating myalgias, marked peripheral eosinophilia, and pulmonary infiltrates. Of the 20,000 persons affected, approximately 300 died shortly after the onset of the disease and a larger number developed chronic disease. For more than 15 years, a scientific committee supported by the World Health Organization's Regional Office for Europe and by the Institute of Health Carlos III in Madrid has guided investigation intended to identify the causal agent(s), to assess toxicity and mode of action, to establish the pathogenesis of the disease, and to detect late consequences. This report summarizes advances in research on this front. No late mortality excess has been detected. Among survivors, the prevalence of some chronic conditions (e.g., sclerodermia, neurologic changes) is high. Attempts to reproduce the condition in laboratory animals have been unsuccessful, and no condition similar to TOS has been reported in the scientific literature. Laboratory findings suggest an autoimmune mechanism for TOS, such as high levels of seric soluble interleukin-2 receptor. Epidemiologic studies integrated with chemical analyses of case-related oils have shown that the disease is strongly associated with the consumption of oils containing fatty acid esters of 3-(N-phenylamino)-1,2-propanediol (PAP). These chemicals have also been found in oils synthesized under conditions simulating those hypothesized to have occurred when the toxic oil was produced in 1981. Whether PAP esters are simply markers of toxicity of oils or have the capability to induce the disease remains to be elucidated.
Integrated evaluation of relation between coronary lesion features and stress echocardiography results: the importance of coronary lesion morphology
Authors: Branko D Beleslin, Miodrag Ostojic, Ana Djordjevic-Dikic, Rade Babic, Milan Nedeljkovic, Goran Stankovic, Sinisa Stojkovic, Jelena Marinkovic, Ivana Nedeljkovic, Jelena Stepanovic, Jovica Saponjski, Zorica Petrasinovic, Srecko Nedeljkovic, Vladimir Kanjuh
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Die Krankheitserfinder: Wie wir zu Patienten gemacht werden [Disease Mongers: How we all become Patients]
Authors: A. Tuffs
Journal: BMJ (2003)

Jörg Blech S Fischer, €;17.90, pp 256 ISBN 3 10 004410 Xhttp://www.s-fischer.de/ Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> When the German journalist Jörg Blech read a press release claiming that a university professor had confirmed a new psychiatric diagnosis for stressed fathers—“caged tiger syndrome”—he felt enough was enough. Blech, medical correspondent on the weekly news magazine Der Spiegel , decided it was time to write a book about invented diseases. Die Krankheitserfinder: Wie wir zu Patienten gemacht werden [Disease Mongers. How we all become Patients] is a worthy and well written successor to Anglo-American publications from the 1990s, such as Lynn … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
Negative regulation of interleukin 2 transcription by the glucocorticoid receptor.
Authors: J P Northrop, G R Crabtree, P S Mattila
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Glucocorticoid-dependent transcriptional enhancement is known to occur through the interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) with specific DNA response elements. In contrast, negative regulation of gene expression by this class of hormone is less well understood. Glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressive agents acting primarily by inhibiting T lymphocyte activation and lymphokine production. Interleukin 2 (IL-2) gene expression, a critical early event during T lymphocyte activation, is inhibited in glucocorticoid-sensitive cells by hormone treatment. We have studied the mechanism of this inhibition. In transgenic mice carrying c-myc linked to the IL-2 enhancer, mitogen-induced expression of the transgene is inhibited by concurrent glucocorticoid treatment, while a similar transgene construct driven by three copies of the binding site for nuclear factor of activated T cells is not inhibited. Cotransfection experiments into glucocorticoid-insensitive jurkat cells show that the NH2 terminus of the glucocorticoid receptor is dispensable for inhibition of the IL-2 enhancer but that an intact DNA binding domain, although not necessarily binding to DNA, is required. Hybrid GRs containing the DNA binding domains of either the estrogen receptor (ER) or thyroid receptor, as well as the entire wild-type ER, all function as repressors of the IL-2 enhancer. We have localized the site of inhibition to two sequences located in the proximal half of the enhancer. These sequences bind a similar, if not identical, inducible nuclear factor that has biologic characteristics that distinguish it from AP-1. The mechanism of IL-2 inhibition likely involves direct interactions between the GR and this factor.
Meniere's Syndrome and Cluster Headaches
Authors: Gordon J. Gilbert
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Three patients experienced attacks of typical cluster headache and also cluster attacks of Meniere's syndrome. In these patients, the two conditions demonstrated strikingly similar clinical patterns. Vasodilatation of a recurrent, focal paroxysmal nature is known to underlie cluster headaches, and a similar mechanism may precipitate episodes of vertigo or tinnitus in certain young or middleaged adults presenting the symptom constellation of recurrent paroxysmal Meniere's syndrome.
Estrogen-Containing Oral Contraceptive Agents
Authors: Stanford Wessler
Journal: JAMA (1976)

The mechanism whereby estrogen-containing contraceptives facilitate thrombosis is obscure, and published data concerning their effect on anti-thrombin III are conflicting. Plasma samples were examined for the quantity of antithrombin III and activated factor X (Xa) inhibitory activity among 57 women receiving oral contraceptives and 48 controls. The quantity of anti-thrombin III in both groups was normal. In contrast, Xa inhibitory activity was significantly reduced (<i>P</i>&lt;.001) among patients taking oral contraceptives, compared to controls. Heparin sodium added to plasma from patients taking contraceptives raised Xa inhibitory activity toward or above normal without changing the quantity of antithrombin III. The effect of estrogen is not to decrease the quantity of plasma antithrombin III, but rather to diminish plasma Xa inhibitory activity, an effect that can be abolished by heparin. (<i>JAMA</i>236:2179-2182, 1976)
The Pathology of Emphysema
Authors: Richard L. Reece
Journal: JAMA (1967)

In England, a damp cool land where smokers breathe polluted air, the causes of emphysema remain in doubt. Yet the disease disables and kills more Englishmen than tuberculosis, pneumonia, and lung cancer. Perhaps because of this doubt and its consequences, English physicians rank among the most astute students of chronic respiratory diseases. Dr. Reid, a pathologist at the Institute of Diseases of the Chest in London, previously has written widely in British publications about her work on pathological, radiological, and functional aspects of chronic bronchitis and emphysema. She feels strongly that emphysema is not a single disease but a complex of diseases with one common feature—increased size of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchiole. She proposed two categories of emphysema—one with and one without airway block. In doing so, she introduces the concept of function. Her gift for combining pathology with physiology lightens some chapters where readers might otherwise
LOW NORMAL INTELLIGENCE AND SCHIZOPHRENIA
Authors: C. H. FELLNER, P. L. WEIL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1955)

Thirty schizophrenic "dullards" were given a full course of insulin coma therapy, combined, in 10 patients, with electroplexy. The results are discussed and compared with those of the same treatment in schizophrenic patients of originally average normal intelligence. The influence of mental dullness on the course of a schizophrenic psychosis is discussed, but no definite hypothesis is put forward to explain its mechanism. The poor response to treatment of this group leads us to doubt that insulin coma therapy is indicated with this type of patient.
Treatment of bitumen burns
Authors: Basil A. Pruitt, Richard F. Edlich
Journal: JAMA (1982)

To the Editor.—  Thermal injury as a consequence of contact with hot pitch and tar represents one of the five safety problems accounting for 62% of all injury cases and 76% of all workers' compensation costs in the roofing and sheet metal industry. Burns from hot materials, the second most frequent injury after strains and sprains, constitute 16% of all accidents involving roofers and sheet metal workers, with 17% of those injuries being of sufficient severity as to cause lost time (in approximately one sixth of the injuries, the lost time exceeds ten days). In the state of California alone in 1979, 366 roofers and slaters sustained burn injuries.  The United Union of Roofers, Waterproofers, and Allied Workers, at the direction of their international president Roy E. Johnson and in the interest of instructing and training their membership in first aid for bitumen burns, has solicited recommendations from numerous physicians
Immune function in systemic lupus erythematosus. Impairment of in vitro T-cell proliferation and in vivo antibody response to exogenous antigen.
Authors: A B Gottlieb, R G Lahita, N Chiorazzi, H G Kunkel
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1979)

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 46 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients showed reduced ability to proliferate in vitro in response to the soluble antigen, tetanus toxoid, as compared with 96 normal controls. Special studies of 27 untreated SLE patients also revealed significantly decreased blastogenic responses to tetanus toxoid. In both the total and untreated SLE populations, decreased mean tetanus antibody titers also were found as compared with the control population. However, the reduction in antibody titer and blastogenic response was not strictly parallel. A limited immunization program was initiated in low-responding volunteers from the SLE and normal populations. Three out of four SLE patients did not develop a significant blastogenic response despite increases in anti-tetanus titers after immunization, whereas all normals showed significant increases in both blastogenic and antibody responses. The accumulated evidence indicated that the unresponsiveness was the result of a defect in T-cell function. Monocyte reactivity was demonstrated to be normal, and no evidence was found for the presence of suppressor cells, inhibition by immune complexes, or increased prostaglandins to explain the defect.
Response of Babesiosis to Pentamidine Therapy
Authors: PATRICK B. FRANCIOLI
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1981)

Three nonsplenectomized patients were infected with Babesia microti. One had fever, abdominal pain suggesting gallbladder disease, and evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation; another was considered to have lymphoma, partly because two smears for Babesia before admission were negative. All three patients were treated with pentamidine isethionate and improved clinically. Parasites were no longer seen on smears after 5 days of therapy, but Babesia could still be recovered by hamster inoculation 5 weeks after therapy in one of the patients tested, underscoring the need for this test to properly evaluate eradication of the organism. In one patient, pentamidine was stopped after 7 days because of increased creatinine concentration, and this amount of drug appeared adequate to control the parasitemia. Pain at drug injection sites was a major side effect in all three patients. Pentamidine appears to be useful in controlling clinical manifestations of babesiosis and decreasing parasitemia, but it does not eradicate the organism.
Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage endothelin-1 levels in nocturnal asthma.
Authors: M Kraft, W R Beam, S E Wenzel, M R Zamora, R F O'Brien, R J Martin
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (1994)

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent endogenous vasoconstrictor that was recently shown to exhibit bronchoconstrictive properties in vitro. In asthmatic patients, the expression of ET-1 peptide was also shown to be increased in endobronchial biopsies. Thus, we postulated that ET-1 could be higher in subjects with nocturnal asthma. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of ET-1 were measured in 10 subjects with nocturnal asthma and 6 normal volunteers at 0400 h (nighttime groups) and in an additional 7 subjects with nocturnal asthma and 6 control subjects at 1600 h (daytime groups). ET-1 levels were significantly lower in the nighttime asthmatic group (median 39.3 pg/mg protein, 7.3 to 44.0 IQ) than in the nighttime control group (median 77.4 pg/mg protein, 46.8 to 121.9 IQ; p = 0.01) or the daytime asthmatic group (median 56.8 pg/mg protein, 51.6 to 97.4 IQ; p = 0.04). ET-1 levels did not differ significantly between the daytime asthmatic and the daytime control groups or between control groups. Additionally, the overnight reduction in lung function was significantly correlated with lower BAL ET-1 levels (r = 0.57, p = 0.05). These results suggest that ET-1 plays a role in the overnight worsening of asthma and perhaps is more tightly tissue bound, resulting in lower levels of BAL fluid.
Photodye herpes therapy--Cassandra confirmed?
Authors: R. S. Berger
Journal: JAMA (1977)

THE DERMATOLOGISTS attending the meeting of the Noah Worcester Dermatologic Society (Hollywood, Fla, March 2, 1976) reacted as though a live grenade had been tossed into their midst. They had just heard a report that provided clinical support for the speculation that photodye therapy for herpes simplex infections might be carcinogenic. 1,2 Also, they were reminded that recent studies questioned the efficacy of this therapy. 3-5 Neither suggestion was well received by the audience. Burdened by long suffering patients and the ever increasing incidence of recurrent herpes simplex infections, these practitioners sought any reasonable treatment. They were encouraged by early reports of photodye treatment because of its readily available components and because its apparent efficacy could be explained in terms of molecular alterations in viral DNA infective units. 6,7   Photoinactivation therapy is achieved in a two-step process. Painted on the unroofed vesicles, a heterotricyclic dye such as neutral red or
Sickle cell trait and leg ulceration.
Authors: G Serjeant, M Gueri
Journal: BMJ (1970)

Cardiac Failure and Folate Deficiency SIR,-Your interesting leading article on cardiac failure and folate deficiency (24 January, p. 188) commented on the possible causes of this association, and factors like impaired dietary intake and gastrointestinal malabsorption were mentioned.A contributory cause could well be excessive folate loss in the urine.Urinary folate excretion has been poorly studied, but we recently re- ported an unexpected increase of urinary folate in association with congestive cardiac failure.'As much as 61 6,tg.folate was lost per day, while normal controls excreted 0-1-18-0,ug.folate per day.Urinary folate loss is unlikely to be the sole cause of folate deficiency in these patients, but could well be an important contributory factor in a patient with pro- longed anorexia.One could speculate that excessive urinary folate results from ab- normal folate liberation secondary to the liver damage of chronic congestive failure.Urinary folate excretion is increased in cirrhosis and acute hepatitis' and also after surgical trauma.2-Iam, etc.,
Toward a More Perfect World -- Eliminating Sexual Discrimination in Academic Medicine
Authors: Frances K. Conley
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1993)

The modest study by Komaromy et al.1 in this issue of the Journal usefully reminds the medical world that not only verbal discrimination2 but also more blatant forms of sexual harassment are remarkably prevalent even in our prestigious profession. Interestingly, the authors included male residents among those surveyed and documented a harassment rate of 73 percent among women and 22 percent among men responding. The effect of harassment on the two sexes differed, however; more than 50 percent of the men alleging harassment, as compared with only 13 percent of the women, thought that there were no negative effects. There . . .
Can preliminary screening of dyspeptic patients allow more effective use of investigational techniques?
Authors: G. C Sutton
Journal: BMJ (1985)

A total of 1041 patients with undiagnosed dyspepsia were interviewed to determine whether they required investigation for organic disease. The interviewer, a research assistant without medical qualifications, used a standard data sheet. The information obtained was analysed by computer, and, according to the results, patients were predicted to be at high, medium, or low risk. They were then followed up and the final diagnosis was compared with the risk predicted by computer. Patients predicted to be at low risk had a 10% chance of having ulcer disease and a 0.3% chance of having cancer, whereas patients predicted to be at high risk had a 20% chance of having ulcer disease and a 10% chance of having cancer. Appropriate preliminary screening of patients with acute dyspepsia can separate a group at low risk who will require investigation only if their symptoms do not resolve and a group at high risk requiring urgent outpatient consultation.