tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Randomized comparison of doxorubicin alone versus ifosfamide plus doxorubicin or mitomycin, doxorubicin, and cisplatin against advanced soft tissue sarcomas.
Authors: J H Edmonson, L M Ryan, R H Blum, J S Brooks, M Shiraki, S Frytak, D R Parkinson
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1993)

PURPOSE This three-armed phase III study in adults with advanced soft tissue sarcomas was planned as a comparison of objective regression rates, toxicity, and survival of patients receiving doxorubicin alone, ifosfamide plus doxorubicin, and mitomycin plus doxorubicin plus cisplatin. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between December 1987 and July 1990, 279 patients with histologically confirmed sarcomas were enrolled to receive treatment A (doxorubicin 80 mg/m2), treatment B (ifosfamide 7.5 g/m2 plus doxorubicin 60 mg/m2), or treatment C (mitomycin 8 mg/m2 plus doxorubicin 40 mg/m2 plus cisplatin 60 mg/m2). RESULTS Of 262 assessable patients, 74 (29%) achieved objective tumor regression. Objective regression occurred in 20% of the 90 patients who received doxorubicin alone (complete remission [CR] rate, 2%), in 34% of the 88 who received ifosfamide plus doxorubicin (CR rate, 3%), and in 32% of the 84 who received mitomycin plus doxorubicin plus cisplatin (CR rate, 7%). With grade 3 or greater myelosuppression in 53% of group A, 80% of group B, and 55% of group C, regimen B was significantly more myelosuppressive than either regimen A or C (P = .01) with two, three, and one treatment-related deaths, respectively. Synovial sarcomas were responsive to ifosfamide plus doxorubicin, especially among patients younger than 40 years of age. CONCLUSION Ifosfamide plus doxorubicin produced a significantly higher regression rate (P = .03) than did doxorubicin alone; however, this was achieved at a level of myelosuppression significantly more intense than that produced by the single agent or by the three-drug combination. Mitomycin, doxorubicin, and cisplatin also appeared to be more active than the single agent; however, at a myelosuppression level similar to that of doxorubicin alone, this trend (P = .07) did not attain the usual level for significance. No significant survival differences were observed.
Identification of common dermatophytes (<i>Trichophyton</i>,<i>Microsporum</i>,<i>Epidermophyton</i>) using polymerase chain reactions
Authors: None GRÄser, None EL Fari, None Presber, None Sterry, None Tietz
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1998)

Journal Article Identification of common dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, Epidermophyton) using polymerase chain reactions Get access Y. GRÄser, Y. GRÄser Departments of Microbiology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Medizinische Fakiltät der Humbolt‐Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D‐10117, Berlin, Germany, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar M. EL Fari, M. EL Fari Departments of Microbiology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Medizinische Fakiltät der Humbolt‐Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D‐10117, Berlin, Germany, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Presber, W. Presber Departments of Microbiology and Hygiene, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Medizinische Fakiltät der Humbolt‐Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D‐10117, Berlin, Germany, Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar W. Sterry, W. Sterry Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Medizinische Fakiltät der Humbolt‐Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D‐10117, Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar H-J. Tietz H-J. Tietz Department of Dermatology, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Medizinische Fakiltät der Humbolt‐Universität zu Berlin, Dorotheenstrasse 96, D‐10117, Berlin, Germany Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology, Volume 138, Issue 4, 1 April 1998, Pages 576–582, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1998.02165.x Published: 01 April 1998
Assesment of long-term omalizumab treatment in severe allergic asthma
Authors: Eylem Sercan Özgür, Cengiz Özge, Ahmet Ilvan, Sibel Atis Nayci
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Objectives: Several clinical studies have demonstrated omalizumab efficacy in patients with severe allergic asthma, but the treatment period has always been relatively short (4-12 months). There are a few data long term omalizumab therapy. We aimed to assess the long-term clinical and functional effectiveness of the omalizumab treatment in severe allergic asthmatic patients.  Methods: Medical registries were used to evaluate the 0, 4, 12 and 36 months effectiveness of omalizumab treatment. 26 patients (female/male:21/5) with severe allergic asthma, uncontrolled despite GINA Step 4 therapy. Effectiveness outcomes included spirometry, level of asthma control which evaluated by asthma control test (ACT), systemic glucocorticosteroid (sGCS) use, emergency room (ER) visits and hospitalizations for severe exacerbations.  Results: The mean age was 47.6±13.9 and duration of allergic asthma 22.7±10.1 years. Total IgE serum levels was 322.0±178.1 IU/mL. Mean duration of omalizumab treatment was 40.8±8.2 months. FEV1 improved statistically significant at all time points versus baseline (p  Conclusion: This study showed that long-term therapy with omalizumab for up to 3 years was well tolerated with significant improvement of both symptoms and function. For this reason, suggesting that administration of omalizumab for longer than 12 months could be beneficial for responders patients.
Synovial Sarcoma: A Clinicopathologic, Staging, and Prognostic Assessment
Authors: Andrew J. Spillane, Roger A’Hern, Ian R. Judson, Cyril Fisher, J. Meirion Thomas
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2000)

PURPOSE: Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a common soft tissue sarcoma (STS) with a propensity for young adults and notable sensitivity to chemotherapy (CT). This study provides a current clinicopathologic, staging, and prognostic assessment for SS. The problems with the current American Joint Committee for Cancer (AJCC) Staging System in relation to SS are discussed. METHODS: Review of a prospective database supplemented by retrospective data. RESULTS: One hundred fifty patients were assessed; median age was 30 years and median follow-up was 52 months. Overall actuarial 5-year survival rate was 57%. Size trend, but not a cutoff of less than 5 cm versus ≥ 5 cm, was a prognostic indicator (P &lt; .001). The current AJCC/International Union Against Cancer Staging System differentiated prognosis less well than the recently proposed Royal Marsden Hospital Staging System. Age greater than 20 years at diagnosis implied worse prognosis. A local recurrence event was associated with a worse survival (P &lt; .001). Therapeutic CT was administered to 55 patients. Eleven of 19 patients had an objective response to a combination of ifosfamide and doxorubicin. Four cases had complete response after CT. Twenty-one patients had pulmonary metastasectomy, with an actuarial 5-year survival rate of 23%. CONCLUSION: SS tends to affect young people. In this subtype of STS, size trend is the most significant influence on stage and hence survival; however, smaller SSs have an unexpectedly poor prognosis. Adequate local control may affect survival. SS is often chemosensitive, and given its poor prognosis, multicenter trials of adjuvant therapy are warranted.
Germline Tyms Genotype is Highly Predictive in Patients with Advanced Colorectal and Gastroesophageal Cancer Independent of Fluoropyrimidine Pharmacology: Results from Two Prospective Translational Studies
Authors: M. Joerger, A.D.R. Huitema, H. Boot, A. Cats, V. Doodeman, P. Smits, L. Vainchtein, H. Rosing, I. Meijerman, M. Zueger, T.T. Cerny, J.H.M. Beijnen, J. Schellens
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
Presentation and management of COPD patients after MI: Data from the UK myocardial ischaemia national audit project (MINAP)
Authors: Kieran Rothnie, Harry Hemingway, Adam Timmis, Liam Smeeth, Jadwiga Wedzicha, Jennifer Quint
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background COPD patients are at increased risk of MI and have increased mortality after an MI compared to people without COPD. It is known that COPD patients are less likely to be prescribed a beta-blocker after an MI compared to people without COPD, but little is known about other differences in treatment or differences in presentation at the time of MI.

Methods Patients with a first MI between 2003-2013 were identified from the UK MINAP database. COPD patients had a record of obstructive airway disease, smoking history and were aged >35. Peak troponin, type of MI, initial diagnosis, and treatment were compared between people with and without COPD. Linear and logistic regression were used to compare quantitative and dichotomous outcomes respectively. All models were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, previous cardiovascular disease, renal failure and diabetes.

Results 300146 patients with a first MI were identified. 34027 (11.3%) had COPD. COPD patients were more likely to present with an nSTEMI (OR 1.35; 95% CI 1.31-1.39) and had lower peak troponin after adjustment for type of MI (14.5% lower; 95% CI 11.4%-17.4%). COPD patients were more likely to receive an initial diagnosis other than MI (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.64-1.73), were less likely to receive reperfusion for STEMIs (OR 0.82; 95% CI 0.79-0.86), and less likely to receive aspirin (OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.82-0.86), statins (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.83-0.88), ACE inhibitors (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.82-0.86), or beta-blockers (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.24-0.25) at discharge.

Conclusion These findings highlight differences in the recognition and initial management of MI in COPD patients which could be targeted to improve mortality.
Compliance with long-term noninvasive ventilation in children
Authors: Adriana Ramirez, Sabrina Aloui, Vincent Delord, Karl Leroux, Jean-Christian Borel, Jean-Louis Pépin, Sonia Khirani, Brigitte Fauroux
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction   Compliance is a major issue for long-term noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) and has been poorly assessed in children.   Objectives   To analyze the objective long-term compliance with home NIV in children followed in a pediatric university hospital NIV center.   Methods   Compliance was gathered from the ventilator memory card and analyzed according to the duration of NIV, the interface and nocturnal gas exchange with NIV.   Results   Sixty-two patients (obstructive sleep apnea n=52, lung disease n=5; neuromuscular disease n=5), mean age 10 ± 5, on NIV since 25 ± 25 months, participated to the study. Mean compliance during the previous month was 8:17 ± 2:30 hours with a mean NIV use of 26 ± 5 days per month. Mean nocturnal gas exchanges were normal during NIV. 72% patients used their NIV more than 8 hours/night. Compliance did not differ according to age, the underlying disease, the duration of NIV, and the type of interface (nasal mask n=38, facial mask n=10, nasal prongs n=10). The use of nasal prongs was associated with a similar pulse oximetry but a higher maximal nocturnal transcutaneous carbon dioxide level than facial and nasal masks (p=0.02).   Conclusion   Long term objective compliance with NIV was excellent which may explain the lack of correlation with age, the underlying disease and the interface in this group of children.
Cause-specific mortality for 240 causes in China during 1990–2013: a systematic subnational analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013
Authors: Maigeng Zhou, Haidong Wang, Jun Zhu, Wanqing Chen, Linhong Wang, Shiwei Liu, Yichong Li, Lijun Wang, Yunning Liu, Peng Yin, Jiangmei Liu, Shicheng Yu, Feng Tan, Ryan M Barber, Matthew M Coates, Daniel Dicker, Maya Fraser, Diego González-Medina, Hannah Hamavid, Yuantao Hao, Guoqing Hu, Guohong Jiang, Haidong Kan, Alan D Lopez, Michael R Phillips, Jun She, Theo Vos, Xia Wan, Gelin Xu, Lijing L Yan, Chuanhua Yu, Yong Zhao, Yingfeng Zheng, Xiaonong Zou, Mohsen Naghavi, Yu Wang, Christopher J L Murray, Gonghuan Yang, Xiaofeng Liang
Journal: The Lancet (2015)
Osteoclasts are essential for TNF-α–mediated joint destruction
Authors: Kurt Redlich, Silvia Hayer, Romeo Ricci, Jean-Pierre David, Makiyeh Tohidast-Akrad, George Kollias, Günter Steiner, Josef S. Smolen, Erwin F. Wagner, Georg Schett
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (2002)

The detailed cellular and molecular mechanisms leading to joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis, a disease driven by proinflammatory cytokines, are still unknown. To address the question of whether osteoclasts play a pivotal role in this process, transgenic mice that express human TNF (hTNFtg) and that develop a severe and destructive arthritis were crossed with osteopetrotic, c-fos–deficient mice (c-fos–/–) completely lacking osteoclasts. The resulting mutant mice (c-fos–/–hTNFtg) developed a TNF-dependent arthritis in the absence of osteoclasts. All clinical features of arthritis, such as paw swelling and reduction of grip strength, progressed equally in both groups. Histological evaluation of joint sections revealed no difference in the extent of synovial inflammation, its cellular composition (except for the lack of osteoclasts), and the expression of matrix metalloprotein-ase-3 (MMP-3) and MMP-13. In addition, cartilage damage, proteoglycan loss, and MMP-3, -9, and -13 expression in chondrocytes were similar in hTNFtg and c-fos–/–hTNFtg mice. However, despite the presence of severe inflammatory changes, c-fos–/–hTNFtg mice were fully protected against bone destruction. These data reveal that TNF-dependent bone erosion is mediated by osteoclasts and that the absence of osteoclasts alters TNF-mediated arthritis from a destructive to a nondestructive arthritis. Therefore, in addition to the use of anti-inflammatory therapies, osteoclast inhibition could be beneficial for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
Halotherapy - A possible method to enhance airway treatment on patients with obstructive pathology
Authors: Radu Crisan Dabija, Traian Mihaescu
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Introduction: The clinical benefits of halotherapy is advocated, but the mechanisms are scarcely studied and there is not enough available clinical data. Halotherapy may influence mucolysis, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory actions, also the immunomodulator - hyposensibilizing agents. We conducted a perspective study where we use a dry-salt inhaler on patients with asthma and COPD.  Methods: The study was double-blind, randomized trial, single crossed, conducted for 4 months with 4 visits (V1 - V4). The total patient population - 128 individuals (76 - asthma and 52 - COPD stages II and III) was divided in 2 arms, crossed after first visit (V1). We instructed the patients to use the salt-inhaler 20 minutes/day. We analyzed the evolution of spirometry parameters FVC, FEV1 and PEF and a Quality of Life Questionnaire with 5 items concerning: the quality of sleep and the simptomatology.  Results: The study revealed an improvement of all spirometry parameters after the first month of treatment with  salt aerosols versus placebo. The final data showed an overall improvement of FVC by 4%, 14% improvement of the FEV1 and 25% improvement of PEF parameter - showing significant improvement  in asthma patients condition. Correlating quality of life responses we found out that they were improved throughout the study by 24% showing a significant impact on the quality of life.  Conclusions  Correlating both the improvements of spirometry parameters and the scores from the QoL questionnaire we found that the NaCl aerosols from a dry salt inhaler (home halotherapy) seems to be efficient versus placebo when added to regular bronchodilatatory medication but further studies are necessary.
The influence of roflumilast on the IV-type collagen level in patients with III stage COPD
Authors: Mykola Ostrovskyy, Oleksandr Varunkiv, Iryna Savelikhina, Mariana Kulynych-Miskiv
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Background. Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases are diagnosed in 4-6 % of men and 1-3 %  of women above 40 years old. The persistent inflammatory process in bronchi, the development of  microcirculation disorders, the increasing of hypoxia processes result in the activation of fibroblasts  and their production of IV-type collagen, which is manifested by the formation of peribronchial  pneumosclerosis.  Purpose of the study: the evaluation of the IV-type collagen level dynamics in BALF of patients with 3rd  stage COPD during the treatment with Roflumilast.  Materials and methods: The contents of the IV-type collagen in BALF was evaluated in 39 patients with III stage COPD in a relapse stage using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after 3 months of treatment with the inhibitor of phosphodiesterase -4 – Roflumilast, 500 mg per day, inside, together with the basic 3rd stage COPD treatment (GOLD, 2010).  Results of the study: The contents of the IV-type collagen in BALF before the beginning of treatment in  patients with 3rd stage COPD was (69.13±3.12) ng / ml, which is in 7,14 times higher than in almost healthy people,  whose contents constituted (9,68±0,54) ng / ml. After the second examination in 90 days, the above –  mentioned indicator in patients fell down by 2,45 times and was equal (28,26±2,23) ng / ml.  Conclusions: The depression of IV-type collagen levels demonstrate the ability to slow down pneumosclerosis progression in patients with III COPD who are treated with Roflumilast.
Efficacy and safety of the paclitaxel and carboplatin combination in patients with previously treated advanced ovarian carcinoma
Authors: J P Guastalla, E Pujade-Lauraine, B Weber, H Cuŕe, H Orfeuvre, M Mousseau, P Vincent, V Diéras, N Tubiana-Mathieu, J P Jacquin, L Mignot, B Leduc, P Viens, D Pariso
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1998)
Safety and efficacy of emphysematous lung sealant (ELS) therapy for advanced emphysema out to 2 years
Authors: Mordechai Kramer, Yael Refaely, Nimrod Maimon, Oren Fruchter
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Introduction: Bilateral ELS therapy has previously been shown to improve physiology and functional outcomes at 1 year in patients with advanced homogenous (Ho) and upper lobe predominant (ULP) emphysema. 1   Objective: Assess safety and efficacy out to 2 years post treatment.  Methods: All 18 patients (63±7 yrs, 9 ULP, 9 Ho) completing the 1 year study (NCT 01320566) enrolled in a follow-on registry (NCT 01520064). Outcomes are available for these 18 patients at 2 year follow-up.  Results: Improvements from baseline after 2 years were observed in FEV 1  (mean = +14.5%; +161 mL; range -25.2% to 88.7%), FVC (+5.8%; 106 mL; range -25.1% to +62.2%), and DLco (7.7%; range -16.4% to +45.2%). Eight of 16 experienced improvements in FEV 1  > 12% and 100 mL out to 2 years. Mean responses were larger, and individual responses more consistent in ULP vs. Ho patients. Between year 1 and 2, there were 3 all-cause hospitalizations: 1 episode of acute coronary syndrome requiring percutaneous stenting, 1 lung cancer, and 1 hospitalization for lung transplantation. There were no COPD exacerbations, pneumonias, or episodes of respiratory failure or hemoptysis. Change in FEV 1  vs. time followed an exponential decay with a time constant of 23.4 months, predicting a >5% increase in FEV 1  from baseline out to 4.1 years.  Conclusions: ELS therapy is associated with physiological benefit out to 2 years in patients with advanced emphysema with a favorable safety profile. Modeling results predict improvements in lung function beyond 4 years.  1. Kramer M.R. et al., Chest 2012; 142(5): 1111-1117.
Extrapulmonary Effects of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Physical Activity
Authors: Henrik Watz, Benjamin Waschki, Corinna Boehme, Martin Claussen, Thorsten Meyer, Helgo Magnussen
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2007)

Physical activity is reduced in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD has a systemic component that includes significant extrapulmonary effects that may contribute to its severity in individual patients.To investigate the association of extrapulmonary effects of the disease and its comorbidities with reduced physical activity in patients with COPD.In a cross-sectional study, 170 outpatients with COPD (GOLD [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease] stages I-IV; BODE [body mass index, airway obstruction, dyspnea, and exercise capacity] score 0-10) underwent a series of tests. Physical activity was assessed over 5 to 6 consecutive days by using a multisensor accelerometer armband that records steps per day and the physical activity level (total daily energy expenditure divided by whole-night sleeping energy expenditure). Cardiovascular status was assessed by echocardiography, vascular Doppler sonography, and levels of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide. Mental status, metabolic/muscular status, systemic inflammation, and anemia were assessed by Beck Depression Inventory, bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein/fibrinogen, and hemoglobin, respectively.In a multivariate linear regression analysis using either steps per day or physical activity level as a dependent variable, the extrapulmonary parameters that were associated with reduced physical activity in patients with COPD independently of GOLD stages or BODE score were N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels, echocardiographically measured left ventricular diastolic function, and systemic inflammation.Higher values of systemic inflammation and left cardiac dysfunction are associated with reduced physical activity in patients with COPD.
Normolipaemic plane xanthomatosis associated with mycosis fungoides
Authors: T. Ito, Y. Tokura, Y. Yoshinari, F. Furukawa, M. Takigawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

S ir, Normolipaemic xanthomas have been reported to occur as the result of reticuloendothelial cell hyperplasia and secondary histiocytic or macrophage lipidization without abnormality of lipid metabolism. Patients with mycosis fungoides have been reported to develop xanthomas.1–11 We report a rare case of mycosis fungoides complicated by normolipaemic plane xanthomatosis with a review of the literature A 62‐year‐old woman was referred to our hospital in August 1996, for a 3‐year history of a papular eruption on her trunk and extremities. The papules had regressed spontaneously but developed again during this period. Skin biopsy specimens from papules on her trunk exhibited a dermal infiltrate of many large atypical cells, which were positive for CD3, CD4, CD30 and CD45RO, but negative for CD8, CD20, and CD56. Clonal gene rearrangement of Cβ1 of the T‐cell receptor was not detected in samples from skin or blood. Because of infiltration of CD30+ large atypical cells, the patient was tentatively diagnosed as having lymphomatoid papulosis. Several months later, however, red nodules appeared on her face, which were still capable of spontaneous regression. During the following 2 years, we did not see the patient, since she chose another hospital for follow‐up, but she consulted us again in December 1998 with general fatigue, fever, and deteriorated skin lesions. On admission, she had erythematous, irregularly shaped, indurated plaques on the trunk and extremities, some of which became nodules. In addition, yellowish discoloration was observed on the face, neck, and upper chest, especially around tumours on the forehead (Fig. 1). Full blood cell counts were normal except for a slightly low percentage (7·0%) of lymphocytes. Blood chemistry showed: C‐reactive protein, 14 mg L−1 (normal, < 5 mg L−1); lactate dehydrogenase, 532 IU L−1 (normal, 101–193 IU L−1); and IgE, 2710 IU mL−1 (normal, < 250 IU mL−1). The serum lipid levels were normal: total cholesterol, 1620 mg L−1 (normal, 1500–2200 mg L−1); LDL‐cholesterol, 970 mg L−1 (normal, 550–1390 mg L−1); HDL‐cholesterol, 380 mg L−1 (normal, 380–600 mg L−1); and triglyceride, 1360 mg L−1 (normal, 500–1500 mg L−1). A serum specimen was negative for antibody against human T‐lymphocytropic virus‐I.