tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Malignant tumours and psoriasis: a follow-up study
Authors: None FRENTZ, None OLSEN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1999)

This nationwide follow-up study concerns the pattern of malignant tumours in a cohort of patients with psoriasis, at an average of 9.3 years after discharge from hospital. The study confirms that the significantly increased risk of cancer in these patients, amounting to 1.4 times that in the general population, is mainly due to cancer of the skin and lung in both sexes and cancer of the pharynx and larynx in men. Non-melanoma skin cancer is the most common malignancy, occurring in 196 of 795 patients with cancer: standardized incidence ratio (SIR, the ratio of observed to expected cancers) 2.4 for men and 2.6 for women. This means an overall lifetime risk (up to the age of 75 years) of 14.1%. In particular, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) by itself (n = 45, SIR 3.9 for men and 4.7 for women), cancer in multiple sites (SIR 5.9 for basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and 11.7 for (SCC) and SCC on the lower extremities (SIR 18.0) are frequent. Women run the highest risk of BCC in the age range 20–40 years, while men in the age range 30–60 years run a particularly high risk of SCC. When monitoring patients extensively treated for psoriasis, this aberrant pattern of cancer should be taken into account.
1059 POSSIBLE ROLE OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME POLYMORPHISM ON PROGRESSION OF HEPATIC FIBROSIS IN CHRONIC HEPATITIS C VIRUS INFECTION
Authors: Y. Elhosary, H.M. Raslan, N.A. Abdulla, K. Elsayed, W.M. Ezzat, H.E. El-Batae
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Readers, Writers, and Erasers
Authors: Thomas G. Gillette, Joseph A. Hill
Journal: Circulation Research (2015)

Dynamic packaging of DNA into strings of nucleosomes is a major mechanism whereby eukaryotic cells regulate gene expression. Intricate control of nucleosomal structure and assembly governs access of RNA polymerase II to DNA and consequent RNA synthesis. As part of this, post-translational modifications of histone proteins are central to the regulation of chromatin structure, playing vital roles in regulating the activation and repression of gene transcription. In the heart, dynamic homeostasis of histone modification—driven by the actions of modifiers and recruitment of downstream effectors—is a fundamental regulator of the transcriptional reprogramming that occurs in the setting of disease-related stress. Here, we examine the growing evidence for histone modification as a key mechanism governing pathological growth and remodeling of the myocardium.
Early Diagnosis of Testicular Tumor Using Tc-99m Pertechnetate Scrotal imaging
Authors: GLENDA D. DONOGHUE, JOSEPH A. PREZIO, PETER E. RICCI
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1983)

Two patients who originally presented with clinical symptoms of epididymo-orchitis, with compatible findings on the Tc-99m pertechnetate scrotal images, had temporary remission of their symptoms with antibiotic therapy. After two months, both patients had repeat scrotal images, because of persistent testicular enlargement. Both now demonstrated a "cold spot" in the otherwise increased activity on the affected side. Both patients underwent orchiectomy; patient 1 had a tissue diagnosis of malignant mixed germ cell tumor and patient 2 showed teratocarcinoma.
Preventing Prescription Opioid Abuse
Authors: Jane C. Ballantyne, Andrew Kolodny
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Principles of Dynamic Psychiatry
Authors: Roy R. Grinker
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This book is rather small, containing only 190 pages of text. However, there are a number of appendices—one on ethology and biodynamics, one on illustrative motion picture films, a condensed illustrative psychoanalysis of a neurotic personality, and a section on psychoanalytic formulations of the psychoses —followed by an extensive, up-to-date bibliography of over a hundred items; a rather complete glossary of psychiatric terms; and an extremely adequate nameand-subject index. In brief, from the standpoint of organization, Masserman has put together a masterly product, easy for reference and extensive enough to be considered a textbook for students and specialists who require quick reference to the main principles of dynamic psychiatry. The critical reader will be amazed at the wealth of information presented in succinct form with adequate references to literature for those who wish to delve into any subject more intensively or extensively. In this sense the book is actually a
Case management: a dubious practice
Authors: M. Marshall
Journal: BMJ (1996)

proteins.These proteins, expressed in all tumours, inactivate the cellular tumour suppressor gene products p53 and pRb, causing uncontrolled cellular proliferation.Early genes are necessary but not sufficient for malignant conversion.Modification of early gene regulation by host cells seems to be required for malignant progression.4Cervical cancers associated with human papillomavirus often exhibit a loss or reduction of allelic expression of critical major histo- compatibility complex class I molecules.Down regulation of these molecules, which are intimately involved in recognition and surface presentation of antigens, may explain why some cancers escape cell mediated immune surveillance.4After infection, development of dysplasia and cancer is not constant and ordinarily occurs over several years.Recently, the ability to purify recombinant virus-like particles, as well as capsid proteins of selected human papillomaviruses that mimic conformational and neutralising epitopes of native virions, has fostered an explosion of applications.9Detailed seroepidemiological studies using these proteins, like that of Lehtinen et al,2 can now be accomplished.These data confirm the role that selected mucosotropic anogenital human papillomavirus types have in the aetiology of cervical cancer.10Beagle dogs immunised with virus-like particles of canine oral papillomavirus are completely protected by neutralising antibodies from developing mucosal papillomas.11This animal model clearly suggests that virus-like particles of human papillomavirus are candidates for prophylactic subunit vaccines, since they induce protective antibodies in the host and contain no potentially oncogenic viral DNA.Finally, Feltkamp et al reported that injection of peptide fragments of early genes into mice induced protective cell mediated immune responses against formation of tumours.12Stimulation of cell mediated immunity is an attractive therapeutic strategy to augment tumour rejection and regression.As we continue to unravel the cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for carcinogenesis and its relation to infection with human papillomavirus, targeted strategies for prevention and treatment of disease will become reality.These strategies may affect gene regulation or protein expres- sion or they may exploit humoral and cell mediated immunity to effect prevention and rejection oftumours.
Noise exposure in motorcyclists
Authors: A. Keith
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (2003)

As an ear, nose and throat surgeon and a motorcyclist I have both a professional and a personal interest in the matter discussed by Mr McCombe (January 2003 JRSM1). For some while now I have used custom-made ear plugs supplied by Elacin which were, I believe, originally developed in collaboration with the Dutch motorcycle police. These are comfortable for long periods, have effectively abolished the temporary threshold shift and tinnitus which used to be inevitable consequences of a long journey and seem not to impair the appreciation of ambient traffic sounds which is essential for personal survival. I am sure that helmet manufacturers should be persuaded or obliged to include some measure of the ‘noisiness’ of their helmets in the specification they submit for their kite marking and other safety standards.
The effect of different levels of contextual interference on learning of volleyball passes
Authors: Maryam Karimian, Fateme Kashefolhagh, Mohammad Sadegh Dadashi, Zahra Chharbaghi
Journal: British Journal of Sports Medicine (2010)

Introduction The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of different levels of contextual interference on the learning of volleyball pass. Method Sixty novice students (age range: 22–24) that were participated voluntarily, according to their records in 10 pretest trails and depend on locale doing pass assigned into four group involve: blocked practice; little contextual interference; medium contextual interference; high contextual interference. The stage of acquisition involves three practice sessions and any session were 10 blocks and any block involving 10 trails. Participants on the blocked practice pass only from one point but another groups (depend on levels contextual interference) pass from different points. Participants then participate in retention and transfer test after a week without practice. Results Results indicated that there is a significant interaction between levels of contextual interference and performance. The participants of blocked practice were meaningfully better from another group in acquisition stage but the participants of high and medium contextual interference were meaningfully better from participants of blocked practice in retention and transfer tests.
Potential of brown adipose tissue type II thyroxine 5'-deiodinase as a local and systemic source of triiodothyronine in rats.
Authors: J E Silva, P R Larsen
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1985)

Previous reports suggest that a type II iodothyronine 5'-deiodinase may become the main enzymatic pathway for extrathyroidal triiodothyronine (T3) generation when the enzyme levels are sufficiently elevated and/or liver and kidney type I 5'-deiodinase activity is depressed. The present studies assessed the potential of brown adipose tissue (BAT) type II 5'-deiodinase to generate T3 for the plasma pool. BAT 5'-deiodination (BAT 5'D) was stimulated by either short- (4 h) or long-term (7 wk) cold exposure (4 degrees C). Long-term cold exposure increased thyroxine (T4) secretion 40-60% and extrathyroidal T3 production three-fold. In cold-adapted rats treated with propylthiouracil (PTU), extrathyroidal T3 production was 10-fold higher than in PTU-treated rats maintained at room temperature. Cold did not stimulate liver or kidney 5'D, but the cold-adapted rats showed a six- to eightfold higher BAT 5'D content. PTU caused greater than 95% inhibition of liver and kidney 5'D, but did not affect BAT 5'D. Thyroidectomized rats maintained on 0.8 micrograms of T4/100 g of body weight (BW) per day were acutely exposed to 4 degrees C. In rats given 10 mg of PTU/100 g of BW, 4 h of cold exposure still caused a 12-fold increase in BAT 5'D, a 2.3-fold increase in plasma T3 production, and a 4.8-fold increment in the locally produced T3 in BAT itself. All these responses were abolished by pretreatment with the alpha 1-antiadrenergic drug prazosin. Regardless of the ambient temperature, liver 5'D activity was greater than 90% inhibited by PTU. These results indicate that BAT can be a major source of plasma T3 under suitable circumstances such as acute or chronic exposure to cold. Furthermore, BAT 5'D activity affects BAT T3 content itself, suggesting that thyroid hormone may have a previously unrecognized role in augmenting the thermogenic response of this tissue to sympathetic stimulation. Such interactions may be especially important during the early neonatal period in humans, a time of marked thermogenic stress.
Oncogenes and tumor-suppressor genes in mesothelioma--a synopsis.
Authors: J F Lechner, J Tesfaigzi, B I Gerwin
Journal: Environmental Health Perspectives (1997)

Invariably mesothelioma is diagnosed late in the development of the disease when treatment is no longer effective. Therefore, a key to reducing the mortality rate of this neoplasm is knowledge of the general sequence of genetic events between initiation of mesothelial cells and the emergence of the metastatic tumor cells. Unfortunately, relatively little is known about the early changes in the genesis of this disease. Of the known changes, the most frequent are in the tumor-suppressor genes p16INK4a and NF2 and possibly the SV40 virus large T-antigen oncogene. The molecular nature of the changes in these genes as well as other alterations are addressed in this overview.
IMMUNIZATION EXPERIMENTS WITH LECITHIN
Authors: P. A. Levene, K. Landsteiner, J. van der Scheer
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1927)

In testing several egg lecithin preparations prepared by ourselves it was found that they did not react in complement fixation tests with immune sera made by injections with commercial egg lecithin Merck. With the flocculation method two of the preparations reacted only faintly. Also the brain lecithin and hydrolecithin gave no distinct reactions. The immunization experiments of Sachs and Klopstock could easily be confirmed when commercial egg lecithin Merck was used for the injections. Immunizations with brain lecithin and hydrolecithin yielded no active sera. With an egg lecithin (No. 1) prepared by us the results were not satisfactory though a great number of injections was made. Only one serum gave reactions of medium strength by complement fixation and in flocculation tests with emulsions of Merck lecithin. It did not react however with the lecithin preparation No. 1 itself. In this respect the results resemble to a certain degree those of Sachs and Klopstock with their lecithin Bohringer immune serum. While the reactions of Merck lecithin were slightly diminished by the removal of cholesterol) addition of cholesterol to the lecithin No. 1 had no marked effect on the complement fixation tests, even when a larger amount was added than that present in the Merck preparation. The cholesterol content of this lecithin therefore does not suffice to account for the difference in the results. It is noteworthy that our lecithin immune serum No. 967 gave complement fixation with emulsions of cholesterol although this substance was not present in the injected material. There are several plausible explanations for our results. According to one, the production of antibodies for lecithin would depend on certain physicochemical conditions of the emulsion injected or upon the presence of auxiliary substances in the lecithin preparation (cf. Sachs and Klopstock). Another possibility is that the active agent inducing the formation of antibodies is not lecithin itself but some other substance present in the active lecithin preparations. With regard to the latter assumption it may be mentioned that we obtained definite immunization effects from several injections of quantities as little as 0.2 mg. of purified preparations of Forssman's heterogcnetic haptene mixed with pig serum.(2) To decide between the alternative explanations, further studies are necessary.
Study shows effect on life expectancy of greater spending on treatment
Authors: Roger Dobson
Journal: BMJ (2008)

Every extra £13 000 (€17 500; $25 700) spent each year per patient in England on cancer treatment extends an individual life by one year. And for each patient with a circulatory disease an additional £8000 is enough to increase average life expectancy by 12 months.

These are among the findings of a new health economics study ( Journal of Health Economics doi: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.12.002).

“These results challenge the widely held view that healthcare spending has little marginal impact on health,” said Peter Smith, one of the authors, from the Centre for Health Economics at …
Birch‐pollen antigenic activity of settled dust in rural and urban homes
Authors: E. Yli‐Panula, A. Rantio‐Lehtimäki
Journal: Allergy (1995)

Concentrations of birch‐pollen antigens were measured in 10 homes in southwestern Finland, four in urban and six in rural areas. Dust samples were collected once a week with a vacuum cleaner equipped with a special collection device (ALK, Copenhagen) combined with an exchangeable glass microfiber filter in a filter dish. Control samples were taken from horizontal surfaces outdoors. All samples were analyzed by a modification of the IgG‐ELISA procedure. The birch‐pollen antigenic activity in indoor settled dust was lower than that in dust outdoors. The mean concentration of antigenic activity indoors peaked 3 weeks later than outdoors. The lag indicates that the most important means whereby antigens are carried indoors is via footwear and clothes, rather than, for instance, ventilation. Antigenic activity was still detected 2 months after the peak pollen period. As a source of antigens, both indoor and outdoor dust may be an important cause of pollen‐allergy symptoms after the season.
Arterial Oxygen Desaturation During Endoscopic Ultrasonography Combined with Gastroscopy: a Safety Evaluation inOut-Patients
Authors: None Allgayer, None Pohl, None Kruis
Journal: Endoscopy (1999)

Significant reductions in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) have been observed in patients undergoing gastroscopy, colonoscopy or ERCP, especially in those at risk [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6]. Corresponding data for endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) are not available, but knowledge of potential effects of EUS on SaO2 is important in view of the rising safety standards and the growing numbers of EUS examinations being carried out, particularly on an outpatient basis [7] [8] [9] [10] [11]. To obtain this information, we continuously monitored the time-related SaO2 course, pulse rates, and blood pressure in outpatients referred for EUS in order to assess whether EUS in combination with a prior gastroscopy has additional decreasing effects on SaO2. We were also interested in finding out whether it is possible to identify patients who will be particularly prone to develop relevant SaO2 desaturation (< 90.0 %) during the procedures, based on their baseline (pre-procedure) arterial oxygen saturation. EUS is usually combined with gastroscopy for better location and visualization of target lesions, due to the superior optical qualities of conventional instruments compared to EUS.
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) in Allergic Asthmatics with Serologic Evidence of Prior Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) Infection Contain Activated Cells that Continue to Secrete IgE Ex Vivo
Authors: S.A. Kohlhoff, M. Dzhindzhikhashvili, T. Smith-Norowitz, H. Durkin, M.R. Hammerschlag, R. Joks
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Age Limits of Cytology For Cervical Cancer
Authors: Roald N. Grant
Journal: JAMA (1968)

<h3>To the Editor:—</h3> In its educational materials to the public, the American Cancer Society recommends annual checkups which include the pap smear for all adult women. When the Papanicolaou technique first began to be used for screening women to detect asymptomatic uterine cancer, it was started with older women; but, as time has passed, the age for the procedure has been lowered to include younger women because of the large number of cases of cervical cancer occurring in younger women. In fact, recent reports of cancer of the cervix occurring in women under age 20 in some communities of the South in which early maturity and mating occurs have pointed out the need for not arbitrarily eliminating any age group which has some susceptibility to cervix cancer from having the benefits of early diagnosis. Accordingly, we have encouraged all women, regardless of age, to have the protection of a cervix
Abstract A14: EGFR mutation status and the efficacy of gefitinib in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin as neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced cancer of the cervix: A study from eastern India
Authors: Ritwik Pandey, Ashis Mukhopadhyay
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Purpose: To study the incidence of EGFR mutations (Exon 19-21) in locally advanced cervical cancer and to assess wether gefitinib, in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin leads to better outcomes in patients who harbored EGFR mutations. Also, to study the response rates of paclitaxel and carboplatin as neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to April 2010, 108 patients of inoperable locally advanced carcinoma of the cervix (Stage Ib – II only) were prospectively evaluated for EGFR mutations (exon 19-21) and were randomized to receive paclitaxel (175 mg/m2) and carboplatin (AUC 5) with gefitinib (For mutation +ve patients) or without gefitinib (for mutation -ve patients). Patients were assessed for incidence of EGFR mutation, response rates to treatment and conversion to operable disease after receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The patients who were still inoperable after this treatment were offered chemoradiation. Results: 30 of 108 patients (30.5%) were positive for EGFR mutations. 50 of 78 patients who received paclitaxel and carboplatin had a more than partial response to treatment giving a response rate of 64.1 %. 20 of 78 (25.6%) patients had a stable disease while 8 of 70 (11.4%) patients had a progressive disease. 25 of 30 patients who were EGFR mutation +ve had a response to paclitaxel + carboplatin + gefitinib giving this combination a response rate of 83.3%. This response rate was significantly higher (p=0.001) as compared to mutation negative patients. Only 1 of 30 (0.03%) patients in this subgroup had a progressive disease. 20 of 25 (80%) patients in the mutation +ve group had an R0 resection as compared to 35 of 78 (44.8%) patients in the mutation -ve group (p=0.02). Inference: Approximately one-third of the cervical cancer patients were positive for EGFR mutations. These patients when given gefitinib in combination with chemotherapy had a significantly higher response rate and conversion to operability. Also that paclitaxel + carboplatin is an effective neoadjuvant regimen for locally advanced cancer of cervix giving a response rate of about 65% and high conversion to operability. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(14 Suppl):A14.
Puromycin-sensitive aminopeptidase is involved in wild-type huntingtin clearance
Authors: Guijie Ren, Zonghcai Ma, Maria Hui, Lili C Kudo, Koon-Sea Hui, Stanislav L Karsten
Journal: Molecular Neurodegeneration (2012)

Author(s): Ren, Guijie; Ma, Zonghcai; Hui, Maria; Kudo, Lili C; Hui, Koon-Sea; Karsten, Stanislav L