tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1189: Changes in the Prevalence of Abnormal Lipid Fractions among US Adults: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey II, III, and 1999–2006
Authors: Jerome D Cohen, Mark J Cziraky, Terry A Jacobson, Anna Wallace, Cassie Cai
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Objective To examine the prevalence of abnormal lipid fractions among US adults from 1976 through 2006, with a focus on the relationship of dyslipidemia and obesity. Methods Adults aged 20 to 74 years who took the blood lipid examination were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES): NHANES II (1976 –1980), NHANES III (1988 –1994), and NHANES 1999 –2006. Obesity was defined as BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 . Dyslipidemia was defined as presence of one or more abnormal lipid fractions: low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥ 100 mg/dL, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) &lt; 40 mg/dL, and triglycerides (TG) ≥ 150 mg/dL. Crude and age-stratified proportions of abnormal lipid fractions for US adults and for those with obesity were estimated. Multivariate analysis was used to assess the association between dyslipidemia and obesity, controlling for age, gender, race/ethnicity, NHANES wave, and comorbidities (heart attack, diabetes and smoking status). Results The prevalence of abnormal LDL-C decreased from 43.5% in NHANES II to 36.3% in NHANES 1999–2006; however, during this period, the prevalence of abnormal TG and HDL-C combined doubled from 2.1% to 4.8% and the abnormal TG more than tripled within the elderly population (from 1.8% to 11.3%). It was estimated that antidyslipidemic medication use was less than 2.6% for adults with dyslipidemia throughout study period. With the increased prevalence of obesity between NHANES II and NHANES 1999 –2006, the prevalence of abnormal TG and HDL-C combined increased from 3.8% in NHANES II to 6.5% in NHANES 1999 –2006 within obese adults. Multivariate analyses of BMI with dyslipidemia were significant (p&lt; 0.001). Adults with obesity were more likely to have dyslipidemia than those with BMI &lt; 25 kg/m 2 [OR=2.9, (95% CI: 2.7–3.2)]. Conclusions Prevalence of abnormal TG and/or HDL-C increased between NHANES II and NHANES 1999–2006 although the abnormal LDL-C shows an optimistic trend. This was paralleled by a shift in the distribution of BMI toward the obese category. As the US population is aging and becoming more obese, this analysis underscores the need for renewed public health efforts with focus on treating multiple abnormal lipid fractions and preventing dyslipidemia via body mass control.
Ibandronate Reduces Osteolytic Lesions but not Tumor Burden in a Murine Model of Myeloma Bone Disease
Authors: Sarah L. Dallas, I. Ross Garrett, Babatunde O. Oyajobi, Mark R. Dallas, Brendan F. Boyce, Frieder Bauss, Jiri Radl, Gregory R. Mundy
Journal: Blood (1999)
Characterization of Cardiac Tumors in Children by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Authors: Rebecca S. Beroukhim, Ashwin Prakash, Emanuela R. Valsangiacomo Buechel, Joseph R. Cava, Adam L. Dorfman, Pierluigi Festa, Anthony M. Hlavacek, Tiffanie R. Johnson, Marc S. Keller, Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Nilanjana Misra, Stephane Moniotte, W. James Parks, Andrew J. Powell, Brian D. Soriano, Monvadi B. Srichai, Shi-Joon Yoo, Jing Zhou, Tal Geva
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2011)
Abstract 15928: Decreased Left Ventricular Compliance is Associated With Worsened Symptoms of Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Ankit Patel, John Rommel, Michael Morse, Keith Golden, Matthew White, Eugene Chung, Paul Mounsey, Jennifer Schwartz, Anil Gehi
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction: The factors and comorbities related to worsening symptomatology in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are not fully understood.Hypothesis:Patients with decreased left ventricular ...
Abstract 1779: Autophagy is an Important Survival Response to Bnip3-Mediated Mitochondrial Injury
Authors: Shivaji Rikka, Melissa N Quinsay, Asa B Gustafsson
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Myocardial ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) is associated with increased autophagy and cell death. We previously found that the mitochondrial death protein Bnip3 contributes to I/R injury and induces autophagy in cardiac cells. However, the role of Bnip3-mediated autophagy is not clear and has been reported to be a protective, as well as a detrimental process. In this study, we investigated the functional role of Bnip3-mediated autophagy by utilizing adenoviral infections of cells coupled with fluorescence deconvolution microscopy for the analysis of autophagy and Bnip3 function. Imaging of cells infected with adenoviruses expressing GFP-LC3 and Bnip3 or beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) allowed us to monitor the formation of autophagosomes in live cells. Cell death was measured by assessing LDH activity in the media. Monitoring of GFP-LC3 incorporation into autophagosomes confirmed that overexpression of Bnip3 induced upregulation of autophagy in HL-1 myocytes and neonatal myocytes. We previously found that Bnip3 mediates cell death via Bax/Bak and that mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) lacking Bax and Bak are resistant to Bnip3-mediated cell death. Bnip3 still caused significant upregulation of autophagy in Bax/Bak−/− MEFs and imaging using high resolution fluorescence microscopy showed that a majority of the cells mitochondria were sequestered in autophagosomes. These results were confirmed by electron microscopy which also revealed the presence of a number of giant mitochondria in the cytosol, suggesting stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. Although Bnip3 alone did not cause cell death in Bax/Bak−/− MEFs, addition of 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an inhibitor of autophagy induced significant cell death in cells infected with Bnip3 but had no effect on cells overexpressing beta-gal. Overexpression of Bnip3 caused significant cell death in wild type MEFs, which was enhanced when inhibiting autophagy with 3-MA. These results suggest that Bnip3 stimulates autophagy to remove damaged mitochondria and mitochondrial biogenesis to synthesize new functional mitochondria. Since Bnip3 is upregulated in heart failure, stimulation of autophagy and mitochondrial biogenesis might represent potential therapeutic targets to treat heart disease. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA National Center.
Management of Cardiac Arrest: Discussion of Cardiorespiratory Resuscitation
Authors: M Minuck
Journal: JAMA (1963)

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Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Maurizio Gasparini, Christophe Leclercq, Maurizio Lunati, Maurizio Landolina, Angelo Auricchio, Massimo Santini, Giuseppe Boriani, Barbara Lamp, Alessandro Proclemer, Antonio Curnis, Catherine Klersy, Francisco Leyva
Journal: JACC Heart Failure (2013)
Abstract 3412: Prognostic Value of Non-Obstructive CT low-dense Coronary Artery Plaques Detected by Multislice Computed Tomography
Authors: Taeko Kunimasa, Yuichi Sato, Naoya Matsumoto, Yoshimochi Nakano, Shunichi Yoda, Takashi Kanai, Shigemasa Tani, Satoshi Kunimoto, Satoshi Saito, Atsushi Hirayama
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The prognostic value of non-obstructive, CT low-dense plaques (CTLDP) on multislice computed tomography (MSCT) for the prediction of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI), unstable angina and cardiac death has not yet been defined. Methods and Results: We identified 760 patients who underwent MSCT and had non-obstructive coronary artery disease were followed up for the occurrence of AMI, unstable angina and cardiac death. Non-obstructive CTLDP were defined as plaques with the CT density &lt;68 Hounsfield unit, which accompanied by mild to moderate coronary artery stenosis (25–75%). Patients were followed-up for the occurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) including nonfatal AMI and unstable angina, and cardiac death for 1060 ± 539 days. CTLDP were detected in 189 patients (24.9 %). The annual event rate of AMI, unstable angina, ACS and cardiac death was 0.94 %, 1.13 %, 2.08 % and 0.37 %, respectively in patients with CTLDP and 0.05 %, 0.64%, 0.70 % and 0.23 %, respectively in patients without CTLDP. The event rate of ACS was significantly higher in patients with CTLDP than in those without CTLDP (p=0.002). Univariate Cox regression analysis disclosed that the presence of CTLDP is an independent predictor of the occurrence of ACS. Conclusion: Non-obstructive CTLDP detected by MSCT yield prognostic information toward the identification of ACS. Figure: Kaplan-Meyer curves for the ACS-free survival
Sub-optimal hand sanitiser usage in a hospital entrance during an influenza pandemic, New Zealand, August 2009
Authors: R Murray, C Chandler, Y Clarkson, N Wilson, M Baker, R Cunningham, None on behalf of the Wellington Respira
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2009)

The hand hygiene behaviours of the public in response to the current H1N1 influenza pandemic 2009 (or other pandemics) have not previously been described. An observational study was undertaken to examine hand hygiene behaviours by people passing a hand sanitiser station in the foyer of a public hospital in New Zealand in August 2009. Of the 2,941 subjects observed, 449 (18.0%, 95% confidence interval: 16.6, 19.6) used the hand sanitiser. This is a far from optimal result in response to the health promotion initiatives in the setting of a pandemic. These findings suggest the need for more effective health promotion of hand hygiene and also provide baseline measurements for future evaluation of hygiene practices.
Abstract 17393: Early Reperfusion Phase as the Critical Therapeutic Window for Flavonoids Baicalein's Cardioprotection via Oxidant Scavenging and Nitric Oxide Signaling
Authors: Wei-Tien Chang, Jing Li, Juan Li, Chang-Qing Li, Chin-Wan Hsu, Chun-Su Yuan, Chiang-Ting Chien, Wen-Jone Chen, Terry L Vanden Hoek, Zuo-Hui Shao
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: Baicalein is a natural flavonoid with antioxidant activities protecting against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Previous studies suggest that oxidative burst occurs early after reperfusion that leads to accelerated cell death thereafter. We therefore investigated the timing of baicalein treatment in relation to its oxidant modulating effects and IR protection in order to sort out the critical therapeutic window. Methods: Using an established cardiomyocyte model of IR, we administered baicalein (100 μ M) at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 120 min after reperfusion and compared the cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) profiles with those of IR control. The cell viability was assessed by propidium iodide. The intracellular ROS were monitored by 2’,7’-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA), while NO was assessed by 4’,5’-diaminofluorescin diacetate (DAF-2 DA). Results: Baicalein administered at 0 min of reperfusion significantly reduced cell death (35.5 ± 2.6% vs. 57.4 ± 1.9% in IR control, P &lt; 0.001). Delay of baicalein for 15 or 30 min led to time-dependent decrease of cytoprotection (cell death 40.6 ± 1.7% and 44.5 ± 3.0%, P &lt; 0.001 and 0.05 vs. IR control). If baicalein was delayed for 60 or 120 min, the protective effect was lost. In IR control, a transient but significant ROS burst was seen within 15 min of reperfusion. Baicalein treated at 0 min significantly decreased the ROS burst ( P &lt; 0.01). If treatment was delayed for 15 min, the ROS burst became unaffected at all. In terms of NO, baicalein treatment at 0 min resulted in a significant increase of NO in the later phase (&gt; 30 min) of reperfusion. Cotreatment of baicalein with NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME (200 μ M) not only decreased NO at reperfusion but abrogated the protective effect. If baicalein was delayed for 15 min, not only the NO increase was delayed, the level of NO was also lower. These suggest that NOS activation in the early phase of reperfusion is critical for NO signaling and protection. Conclusion: Baicalein protects cardiomyocytes from IR injury via oxidant scavenging and NOS-mediated NO signaling. The critical therapeutic window is within the first 15 to 30 min of reperfusion, during which reperfusion ROS burst can be timely scavenged and NOS effectively activated.
Abstract 4516: The Effect of Rosuvastatin 20 mg and Atorvastatin 40 mg on Plaque Regression and Stabilization in Patients With Mild to Moderate Degree of Coronary Stenosis With Vulnerable Plaque
Authors: Young Joon Hong, Myung Ho Jeong, Yun Ha Choi, Eun Hye Ma, Jum Suk Ko, Min Goo Lee, Keun Ho Park, Doo Sun Sim, Nam Sik Yoon, Hyun Ju Youn, Kye Hun Kim, Hyung Wook Park, Ju Han Kim, Youngkeun Ahn, Jeong Gwan Cho, Jong Chun Park, Jung Chaee Kang
Journal: Circulation (2009)

Background: Intensive lipid-lowering therapy with statins improved clinical outcomes, survival and reduced the progression of atherosclerosis. Objectives: We used serial Intravascular ultrasound (I...
MMP-9 and the epidermal growth factor signal pathway in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: G. Cox, J.L. Jones, K.J. O'Byrne
Journal: Thorax (1999)

Background Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 is an endopeptidase that digests basement membrane type-IV collagen. Enhanced expression has been related to tumour progression in a number of systems. The control of MMP expression is complex, but recently epidermal growth actor receptor (EGFR) activity has been implicated in up-regulation of MMP-9 in tumour cells in vitro. Aims To evaluate interrelations between MMP-9 and EGFR expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to assess the impact of expression on survival. Methods This is a retrospective study of 152 patients who underwent resection for stage I-IIIa NSCLC with a post-operative survival >60 days. Minimum follow-up was 2 years. Standard ABC immunohistochemistry was performed on 4μm paraffin-embedded sections from the tumour periphery using monoclonal antibodies to MMP-9 and EGFR. Results: MMP-9 was expressed in the tumour cells of 79/152 (52%) cases. EGFR expression was found in 86/152 (57%) cases [membranous 51/152 (34%), cytoplasmic 35/152 (23%)]. MMP-9 expression was associated with poor outcome (p=0.04). Membranous, cytoplasmic and overall EGFR expression were not associated with outcome (p=0.29, p=0.85 and p=0.41 respectively). There was a strong correlation between MMP-9 expression and EGFR expression (p=0.001) and EGFR membranous expression (p=0.01) but not with cytoplasmic EGFR expression (p=0.28). Co-expression of MMP-9 and EGFR (36%) conferred a worse prognosis (p=0.003). Subset analysis revealed only MMP-9 and membranous EGFR co-expression (22%) was associated with poor outcome (p=0.008). Conclusions Our results show that MMP-9 and EGFR are co-expressed in NSCLC. This finding suggests the EGFR signalling pathway may play an important role in the invasive behaviour of NSCLC via specific upregulation of MMP-9. The co-expression of these markers also confers a poor prognosis.
Abstract MP28: Life’s Simple 7 and Incident Cognitive Impairment: The REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) Study
Authors: Evan L Thacker, Sarah R Gillett, Virginia G Wadley, Frederick W Unverzagt, Suzanne E Judd, Leslie A McClure, Virginia J Howard, Mary Cushman
Journal: Circulation (2013)

HYPOTHESIS. We hypothesized that higher scores on Life’s Simple 7 (LS7), a composite measure of cardiovascular health, are associated with lower incidence of cognitive impairment in the absence of stroke, and that this association differs by race and geographic region. METHODS. We included REGARDS participants aged 45+ who at baseline were cognitively normal by the Six-Item Screener (SIS) and free of stroke. We censored participants at incident stroke. We calculated baseline LS7 score, ranging from 0 points (worst) to 14 points (best), from smoking, BMI, physical activity, diet, cholesterol, blood pressure, and fasting glucose. We defined incident cognitive impairment as (1) scoring ≤4 of 6 points on the most recent follow-up SIS, or (2) scoring ≥1.5 standard deviations below age, sex, race, and education-adjusted means on the most recent of at least 2 of 3 domain-specific cognitive tests. We calculated age, sex, race, and education-standardized percentages of participants with incident impairment by LS7 score tertiles, and age, sex, race, education, and region-adjusted odds ratios by tertiles and per 1 point higher LS7 score. We repeated analyses by race (black/white) and region (southeastern US stroke belt/nonbelt). RESULTS. The distribution of LS7 scores was higher in whites than blacks and outside the stroke belt than within the stroke belt. Incidence of cognitive impairment was lower at higher LS7 scores (Table). This inverse association was stronger for cognitive domain testing than for SIS. For SIS, we observed an inverse association among whites and outside the stroke belt, but not among blacks or within the stroke belt. For cognitive domain testing, the inverse association was similar across race and region. CONCLUSIONS. Favorable LS7 scores are associated with lower incidence of cognitive impairment, particularly as assessed by cognitive domain testing. Racial and regional differences in cardiovascular health and its association with cognitive impairment may contribute to cognitive impairment disparities.
Amyloidosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: K. Ennevaara, M. Oka
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (1963)

Amyloid disease is rare as a complication of ankylosing spondylitis.The autopsies of Teilum and Lindahl (1954) included two such cases but no clinical details were given.A third case, in which the final histological diagnosis was also made at autopsy, was reported by Halford and Clark (1957).The aim of this paper is to report three cases of ankylosing spondylitis in which the presence of amyloidosis was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by renal or rectal biopsy.Case Reports Case 1, a labourer aged 38, had no rheumatic diseases in the family, and his previous health had been good except for a transient frequency of urination.The first symptoms of the present illness appeared in 1943 when the patient was on active service.Both hips became painful and he was treated in a military hospital for 3 months in 1944.At this time he also had low back pain and symptoms in the right knee.He was then almost symptom free from 1944 to 1947, but persistent back symptoms suddenly began in 1947 in the lumbar region, and the disease has since run a slowly progressive course affecting the whole spinal colum, shoulders, hips, and right knee.Since 1954 the patient has been unable to work.X-ray therapy to the spine and hips was given in 1956.The patient was admitted to the Rheumatism Founda- tion Hospital on April 11, 1962.His general condition Fig. 1.-Case 1. X ray showing was poor.Physical examination of the heart and other The sacro-iliac joints are narrowed viscera did not reveal any abnormality, but pitting oedema sclerc was observed in the feet.Joints.-Movement of the cervical spine was greatly limited, and the thoracic and lumbar spine were totally ankylosed.The fingertips remained 30 cm. from the floor and Schober's sign was positive (0 5 cm.).The thoracic spine was markedly kyphotic with scoliosis to the right.The shoulder joints and hips were painful and hydrops appeared in the right knee.Radiological Findings.-Bambooformation was begin- ning in the cervical spine and marked bamboo formation bamboo spine in lumbar region.d and eroded with slight marginal 'Osis.in the thoracic and lumbar spine (Fig. 1); the sacro-iliac joints were fused.The shoulder joints showed erosions.In the hips, knees, hands, and feet the x rays were normal.Laboratory Findings: E.S.R. 101 mm./hr; haemo- globin 13 3 g./100ml.; Waaler-Rose titre 0; latex negative; antistreptolysin titre (AST) 20; C-reactive protein (CRP) +7 mm.; serum uric acid 4-2 mg./100 ml., serum cholesterol 366 mg./100 ml.
Abstract 13819: In-hospital Outcomes of Anemic Patients Presenting with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Undergoing an Invasive Strategy.
Authors: Elias B Hanna, Karen P Alexander, Anita Y Chen, Matthew T Roe, Marjorie Funk, P M Ho, Jorge F Saucedo
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Objective: Randomized trials that addressed the benefit of an invasive strategy in non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) excluded patients with anemia. The aim of our study was to...
Abstract 2947: A Novel [F-18] labeled PET Tracer for the Characterization of Coronary Artery Disease: Preliminary Evaluation in a Coronary Occlusion Rat Model
Authors: Takahiro Higuchi, Marc C Huisman, Stephan G Nekolla, Hans J Wester, Thorsten Poethko, Markus Schwaiger, Daivid S Casebier
Journal: Circulation (2007)