tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
VEGF gene polymorphisms are associated with post-natal lung function development
Authors: Eskil Kreiner-Møller, Klaus Bønnelykke, Hans Bisgaard
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Background: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is involved in angiogenesis and suggested to be involved in airway remodeling and asthma susceptibility.

Objective: To study single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the VEGF gene in relation to lung function and hyperresponsiveness at birth and at six years of age, and development of asthma at six years of age.

Methods: We analyzed 13 SNPs in the VEGF gene from 411 children born to asthmatic mothers from the Copenhagen Prospective Study on Asthma in Childhood birth cohort. Lung function measurements at birth were obtained using the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique during repeated methacholine challenges (FEV0.5, PD15). Lung function and methacholine challenges were repeated at six years of age (FEV1, PD20).

We analyzed the SNPs and outcomes using an additive genetic model in a linear regression analysis adjusting for appropriate confounders and corrected for multiple testing using the Bonferroni threshold as level of significance.

Results: Three SNPs, from the same linkage disequilibrium block, were associated to FEV1 at age 6: rs699947 (P = 2.03E-05), rs833069 (P = 0.00149) and rs3025010 (P = 0.00177). Stratifying for asthma did not alter the individual effects.

We found no association between SNPs and lung function or hyperresponsiveness at birth, or hyperresponsiveness or asthma at age 6.

Conclusion: VEGF gene variants were associated with lung function at school age but not at birth, and independent of asthma. This suggests a role of VEGF and VEGF gene variants for postnatal lung function development. Possible interaction between VEGF gene variants and post-natal environmental risk factors should be targeted in future studies.
Advantages of intravenous chemotherapy for tuberculosis patients with viral hepatitis
Authors: Rostislav Mitrofanov, Tatyana Petrenko
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: During peroral tuberculosis (TB) chemotherapy gastro-intestinal adverse effects are more frequent than other ones. Also such therapy damages permeability and rate of intestinal absorption of anti-TB medications and reduces the size of intestinal area of absorption. Attempts to treat tuberculosis intravenously: do ensure direct observation of TB treatment, help to provide and to calculate precise dosage of each medication to each TB patient, increase level of medical technology, applied for basic TB treatment, and have fewer adverse effects.

Methods: Prospective randomized cohort study. Total of 224 TB patients. 95 patients of them are without hepatitis, 129 TB patients with hepatitis B and C (58 – B, 29 – C, 42 – B&C). We have formed them also in another 2 groups by treatment regimen: IV intermittent– 91 patients, standard daily – 38 patients.

Results: Significant difference in increase of cavity closure (94.5% and 81.6% accordingly, p <0.05) and reduced rate of adverse effects (20,8% and 39,5%, p <0.05) in IV intermittent treatment group.

Conclusion: Intravenous TB treatment positive results must be investigated further for tuberculosis patients, including patients with viral hepatitis co-morbidity.
Naturally Occurring Reticuloendotheliosis in Turkeys: Transmission 2
Authors: Prem S. Paul, Kern A. Pomeroy, Padman S. Sarma, Keisuke Terabe, Kenneth H. Johnson, Donald M. Barnes, Mahesh C. Kumar, Benjamin S. Pomeroy
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1976)

This report describes the natural occurrence and experimental transmission of reticuloendotheliosis in a turkey flock. In the naturally affected turkeys, lesions were present in the liver, spleen, heart, intestines, and peripheral nerves, and were composed mainly of lymphoreticular cells. The disease was experimentally reproduced in turkey poults with cellfree tissue extracts of infected birds. A type-C RNA virus similar to reticuloendotheliosis virus (strain T) was present in the tissues of turkey poults experimentally inoculated. This virus was unrelated to the type-C RNA viruses of the avian leukosis sarcoma complex.
Can we predict successful CPAP treatment in upper airways resistance syndrome
Authors: Timothy Davies, Anna Bibby, Samantha Backway, Mark Juniper, Anthony Kerry, Andrew Stanton
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Patients with upper airways resistance syndrome (UARS) and excessive daytime sleepiness are offered continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in our unit. We assessed effectiveness of this and explored factors that may predict treatment success.  Demographics, BMI, Epworth sleepiness score (ESS) and polysomnography data were collected for patients diagnosed with UARS between 1/10/09–1/6/11. Follow-up established current ESS, CPAP treatment compliance and success rates.  82 patients were diagnosed with UARS; 77% male. Mean age was 54 yrs (SD 13), mean BMI 35 (SD 7) and mean initial ESS 12 (SD 5). 34 of 47 patients followed up had been offered CPAP. 50% reported successful treatment.  Patients offered CPAP had a higher initial ESS than those not offered (13.3 vs 9.1, p=0.01) and a greater reduction in ESS at follow up (-4.7 vs -0.6, p=0.03). Of 34 patients started on CPAP, 16 (47%) discontinued treatment. 81% of patients who stopped CPAP did so due to discomfort. Baseline ESS was similar in patients who did and didn’t continue treatment (p= 0.40).  The successful treatment group had higher initial ESS than the unsuccessful group (14.9 vs 11.6, p=0.04). 56% of those with initial ESS ≥10 reported treatment success. 83% patients with ESS   Our results suggest CPAP is effective in about half of patients with UARS. Baseline ESS was the best predictor of success. Polysomnographic data, BMI and age were not associated with successful CPAP treatment. Conservative measures should be considered in those with less daytime somnolence.
Lactat-dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein and white blood cell count are prognostic factors in advanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC)
Authors: Timo Weiss, Jens Kollmeier, Torsten Gerriet Blum, Christian Boch, Catharina Crolow, Daniel Misch, Sebastian Thiel, Holger Rüssmann, Torsten Thomas Bauer
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

Background

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has still a poor prognosis. Performance status, weight loss and the stage of disease at time of diagnosis are accepted parameters for the prognosis. While prognostic relevance could be shown for conventional markers of inflammation like the C-reactive Protein (CRP) and the white blood cell count (WBC) in context of other malignancies, rare data exists for the lactat-dehydrogenase (LDH) as a predictor for treatment outcome in SCLC. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prognostic significance for LDH, CRP and WBC in advanced SCLC.

Methods

In our center 296 patients (161 men, 135 women) were diagnosed with advanced SCLC (stage IIIa, n=49, IIIb, n=85 and IV, n=162) between the years 2007 and 2011. The amount of WBC, CRP and LDH in serum was captured at the time of the primary diagnosis. According to the literature the following thresholds were used: LDH≥300U/l (LDH+/-), for CRP ≥ 10mg/dl (CRP+/-) and for WBC ≥ 11G/l (WBC+/-). The groups were compared for survival.

Results

Median overall survival (OS) for all patients was 346 days (293-399, 95%CI). The group of patients with low LDH-levels (LDH -) had a significant (p=0.006) longer survival (OS 379 d [315-443, 95%CI] than the LDH+ group (OS 248 d [188-308, 95%CI]). Similar differences were found for CRP- (OS 417 d [395-475, 95%CI] vs. CRP+ 295 d [272-318, 95%CI], p=0.012) and for the amount of WBC (OS WBC- 379 d [307-451, 95%CI] vs. WBC+ 316 d [271-361, 95%CI], p=0.019).

Conclusion

Elevated levels of LDH, CRP and/or WBC at the time of initial diagnosis are negative prognostic factors in advanced SCLC.
The indices of body composition (IBC) consideration the changes of serum TNF-α, hormones and oxygen saturation (SO2%) in men with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Authors: Sviatlana Lemiasheuskaya, Alexander Makarevich, Natalia Vasileva
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Aim and objectives: to analyze dynamics of changes of IBC and the relationships between IBC and TNF-α, leptin (L), parathyroid hormone (PTH), testosterone free(TF), markers of bone metabolism, SO2%.

Material and Methods: Bone mineral content (BMC), Fat mass (FM) and Lean mass (FFM, excl. BMC) were detected by DEXA. We obtain FMI, FFMI and BMCI indices. We examined 83 male pts (aged 40-70) and control group: 15 healthy comparable men. The pts were subdivided into 3 groups according to severity (GOLD).

Results: The value of FFMI was significantly decreased in the 3rd group (17.7 kg/m2) vs. the control (20.3), the 1st and 2nd groups (20.5 and 20.2 respectively). The significant positive correlations were detected between FMI and L, beta-crosslaps levels and negative one – with TF (r=0.31, r=0.31, r=-0.38 respectively). The TF level was lower (p< 0.05) in all pts group vs. the control (6.7 and 10.5 pg/ml respectively). The TNF-α level was inversely related to FFMI (r= - 0.30, p=0.03). BMCI was significantly and positive correlated with SO2% (r=0.40) and the level of PTH (r=0.54). FMI, FFMI and BMCI were correlated with pack/years index (r=- 0.37; r=- 0.37 and r=- 0.30 respectively). Pts of the 3rd group had lower FMI (4.68 kg/m2) than pts with early COPD stages (8.28 and 9.72 kg/m2 in the 1st and 2nd groups; p< 0,001). The BMCI level in 1st and control groups was the same and was significantly higher (1.06 kg/m2) vs. the 2nd and 3rd groups (1.00 and 0.89 kg/m2 respectively).

Conclusions: The dynamic of IBC in these pts depends on levels of severity of systemic inflammation, hypoxia, and hormonal changes.
Hematopoietic Precursor Cells in Mice Treated With 4-Demethoxydaunorubicin and Doxorubicin&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: G Massa, G Bogliolo, F D'Amore, C Muzzulini, R Ghio, I Pannacciulli
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1982)

The hematologic toxicity of 4-demethoxydaunorubicin (4-dmDNR), a new anthracycline more potent and less cardiotoxic than doxorubicin (Dx), was studied. Dose-survival curves of bone marrow hematopoietic precursor cells (HPC) in situ were determined with the use of (C57BL X C3H)F1 mice and with assays of colony-forming units--spleen, culture, and erythroid--by in vivo and in vitro methods. Time response of HPC was followed in mice treated at days 0, 2, and 5 with 0.75 mg 4-dmDNR/kg of 4.5 mg Dx/kg and in mice receiving 2.23 mg 4-dmDNR/kg or 3.96 mg Dx/kg twice a week for 4 weeks. The dose-survival curves of HPC for 4-dmDNR were exponential. Slight differences in sensitivity among assayed populations were seen. Although the doses of 4-dmDNR required to reduce the survival of HPC to 37% were similar or lower than those of Dx, following intermittent treatment with doses of 4-dmDNR with the same optimal antitumor activity as with Dx, 4-dmDNR seemed to have a lesser effect on hematopoietic progenitors and a greater effect on peripheral blood cells than did Dx. However, during prolonged administration 4-dmDNR appeared to be toxic at every hematopoietic level.
Pathologic complete response (pCR) in HER2 positive breast cancer to sequential FEC 100-docetaxel (D) plus trastuzumab (T) neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT)
Authors: P. J. Chollet, P. Dubray, X. Durando, C. Abrial, B. Nayl, M. Mouret-Reynier, C. Pomel, A. Bellière, S. Lemery, F. Penault-Llorca
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

e11560 Background: Trastuzumab plus chemotherapy has become the standard of care for Her-2-positive breast cancer. Recent trials have shown higher pCR rates in Her2-positive tumors with trastuzumab-driven combinations (Buzdar, JCO 2005; Coudert, Ann Oncol, 2006). The purpose of this study was to review efficacity of sequential FEC followed by D+T. Methods: 21 patients (pts) with Her2-positive breast cancer (defined as either immunohistochemical 3+ or fluorescence in situ hybridization-positive) from June 2006 to September 2008 with breast cancer received 3 cycles (c) of FEC 100 ( epirubicin 100 mg/m 2 + 5-fluorouracil and cyclophosphamide 500mg/m 2 ) followed by 3 c of D (100mg/m 2 ) every 3 weeks +T 2mg/kg weekly or 6mg/kg every 3 weeks (9 weeks of T). pCR was defined according to Chevallier's (Am J Clin Oncol, 1993) as level 1 and 2 and to Sataloff's classification (J Am Coll Surg, 1995) as grade A. A clinical, mammography and ultrasound breast evaluation was performed at baseline, after 3 or 4 c and before surgery. Cardiac evaluation (ejection fraction) was performed at baseline, after 3 c of FEC, before surgery and every 3 months after. Results: Median age was 52.1 years [27–71]. Median diameter of the tumors was 45 mm [10–160]. All pts had a ductal carcinoma. 5 pts had inflammatory breast cancer. 1 pts were grade I SBR, 13 grade II SBR, 6 grade III SBR and 1 unspecified. 5 tumors were HR+, 15 HR- and 1 unspecified. After FEC 100 x3, a clinical partial response (PR) was obtained in 4 pts (19%). After completion of NCT,clinical objective response rate was 95.2%: 13 pts had a complete response and 7 pts a partial response. 13 pts (62%) underwent breast-conserving surgery. 10 pts (47.6%) achieved pCR using Chevallier's classification (1 HR+ and 9 HR-) and 12 pts (57.1%) using Sataloff's classification (2 HR+ and 10 HR-). At the time of the analysis for cardiac evaluation, 8 pts continued to receive adjuvant T. 1 pt was lost for follow-up. 5 pts (25%) had an asymptomatic drop of ejection fraction greater than 10%. Conclusions: This regimen with only 9 weeks preoperative trastuzumab resulted in a high rate of pCR in Her2-positive tumors, without clinical cardiac events until now. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Hierarchical Nanofibrous Microspheres with Controlled Growth Factor Delivery for Bone Regeneration
Authors: Chi Ma, Yan Jing, Hongchen Sun, Xiaohua Liu
Journal: Advanced Healthcare Materials (2015)

The integration of controlled growth factor delivery and biomimetic architecture into a microsphere is a challenging but attractive strategy for developing new injectable biomaterials. In this work, a unique hierarchical nanosphere‐encapsulated‐in‐microsphere scaffolding system is developed. First, heparin‐conjugated gelatin (HG) is synthesized, which provides binding domains for bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) to stabilize this growth factor, protect it from denaturation and proteolytic degradation, and subsequently prolong its sustained release. Next, a unique approach is developed which includes a water‐in‐oil‐in‐oil double emulsion process and a thermally induced phase separation to encapsulate BMP2‐binding HG nanospheres into nanofibrous microspheres. The nanofibrous microsphere is self‐assembled from synthetic nanofibers, and has superior surface area, high porosity, low density, and is an excellent carrier to support cell adhesion and tissue in‐growth. BMP2 in the hierarchical microsphere is released in a multiple‐controlled manner by the binding with heparin and encapsulation of the nanosphere and microsphere. An in vivo calvarial defect model confirms that this microsphere is an excellent osteoinductive scaffold for enhanced bone regeneration. By choosing different growth factors, this hierarchical microsphere system can easily be applied to other types of tissue regeneration. The work expands the ability to develop new injectable biomaterials for advanced regenerative therapies.
The Significance and Therapeutic Potential of GATA3 Expression and Mutation in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Feng Du, Peng Yuan, Teng Wang, Jiuda Zhao, Zitong Zhao, Yang Luo, Binghe Xu
Journal: Medicinal Research Reviews (2015)

Abstract GATA3 is a critical transcription factor in the development of various human systems. The notion that GATA3 expression is required for the differentiation and maintenance of normal breast tissue has been well established. Recently, GATA3 is found to actively participate in the multistep process leading breast cancer pathogenesis, including tumorigenesis, tumor differentiation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and metastasis through regulation of various target genes. On the other hand, several studies have raised questions and highlighted the role of GATA3‐low or GATA3‐negative cells during the malignant development of breast cancer. In addition to gene expression, GATA3 mutations provide another dimension of complexity. As one of the most frequently mutated genes in breast cancer, GATA3 mutations may have an effect on DNA‐binding ability, protein production, and transactivation activity. Recognition of the multiple function of GATA3 in breast cancer will serve to deepen our understanding of the nature of this disease and develop novel therapeutic approaches.
Growth and Rejection of Leukemia Cells in Individual Mice After Combined Treatment With Amphotericin B and 1,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Frederick Valeriote, Richard Lynch, Gerald Medoff, Sandra Tolen, Julia Dieckman
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1978)

We assayed the femoral marrows of individual AKR mice for leukemia colony-units (LCFU) after treatment with amphotericin B (AmB) and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or with BCNU alone. No differences between the groups were noted in the first 7 days after treatment. All the mice treated with BCNU alone were dead by day 8, and all the survivors among the animals receiving AmB and BCNU retained high levels of LCFU for 2 more days; these LCFU were subsequently rejected by the host. By day 12, LCFU were undetectable. Histologic examination of organs from the same mice on day 5 showed fewer leukemia cells in the mice treated with the combination of agents. In all treatment groups, mice dying of leukemia early (by day 9) had systemic leukemia and most had central nervous system (CNS) involvement. All animals dying between days 10 and 14 had CNS leukemia, but few had systemic leukemia; at later times, though few animals died, they invariably had CNS leukemia without systemic involvement.
Harnessing Social Media for Child Health Research
Authors: Kurt R. Schumacher, Joyce M. Lee
Journal: JAMA Pediatrics (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Pediatrics HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Pediatrics journal
Reversal of Delirium Induced by Tricyclic Antidepressant Drugs with Physostigmine
Authors: JON F. HEISER, DONALD E. WILBERT
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (1974)

The authors found that 2 mg. of physostigmine given intramuscularly was effective in reversing acute brain syndromes in two patients who had ingested toxic doses of drugs with anticholinergic properties (amitriptyline alone and an amitriptyline-perphenazine combination). Physostigmine also controlled one patient's tachycardia and tachypnea. Physostigmine may not control toxic effects of anticholinergic drugs when these effects are not mediated through cholinergic blockade.
The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Fifth Editionedited by Stuart C. Yudofsky, M.D., and Robert E. Hales, M.D. Arlington, Va, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2008, 1,360 pp., $275.00.
Authors: HAL S. WORTZEL
Journal: American Journal of Psychiatry (2008)
Sublingual Misoprostol versus Intramuscular Oxytocin for Prevention of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Uganda: A Double-Blind Randomized Non-Inferiority Trial
Authors: Esther C. Atukunda, Mark J. Siedner, Celestino Obua, Godfrey R. Mugyenyi, Marc Twagirumukiza, Amon G. Agaba
Journal: PLoS Medicine (2014)

In a double-blind randomized controlled trial, Esther Atukunda and colleagues evaluated whether sublingual misoprostol administered to women in labor was non-inferior to intramuscular oxytocin in preventing postpartum hemorrhage and reducing blood loss. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary
Utility of Very Delayed Parathyroid MIBI SPECT for Localization of Parathyroid Adenoma
Authors: Kanchan Kulkarni, Sung M. Kim, Ronald J. Weigel
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (2004)

The authors report the utility of very delayed Tc-99m methoxyisobutyl isonitrile (MIBI) SPECT for localization of a parathyroid adenoma. This case illustrates that very delayed MIBI SPECT could successfully be used in patients with a high clinical suspicion of primary hyperparathyroidism and when all diagnostic studies, including early MIBI SPECT parathyroid scintigraphy, fail to localize the parathyroid adenoma.
Malignant Hyperthermia
Authors: Ronald S. Litman, Henry Rosenberg
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic clinical syndrome that manifests as a hypermetabolic crisis when a susceptible individual is exposed to an anesthetic triggering agent. Clinical signs include unexplained elevation of end-tidal carbon dioxide, muscle rigidity, acidosis, tachycardia, tachypnea, hyperthermia, and evidence of rhabdomyolysis. This process is a result of an abnormally increased release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which is often caused by an inherited mutation in the gene for the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) that resides in the membrane of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The gold standard for determination of MH susceptibility is the caffeine-halothane contracture test. However, it is invasive, requiring skeletal muscle biopsy and is not widely available. Researchers have begun to map mutations within the ryanodine receptor gene (chromosome 19q13.1) responsible for conferring MH susceptibility. Ryanodine receptor mutations are found in at least 25% of known MH susceptible individuals in North America. Mutation analysis has recently become available in the United States and is expected to play an integral role in the diagnosis of MH susceptibility in the future.
Generation of Mouse Models for the Identification of New Driver Pathways of Drug Resistance in Human Breast Cancer (BC)
Authors: C. Criscitiello, A. Cicalese, D. Bossi, G. Pruneri, F. Orsi, M. Casiraghi, S. Punzi, L. Spaggiari, G. Curigliano, L. Lanfrancone
Journal: Annals of Oncology (2014)
DiffVar: a new method for detecting differential variability with application to methylation in cancer and aging
Authors: Belinda Phipson, Alicia Oshlack
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Methylation of DNA is known to be essential to development and dramatically altered in cancers. The Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip has been used extensively as a cost-effective way to profile nearly half a million CpG sites across the human genome. Here we present DiffVar, a novel method to test for differential variability between sample groups. DiffVar employs an empirical Bayes model framework that can take into account any experimental design and is robust to outliers. We applied DiffVar to several datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas, as well as an aging dataset. DiffVar is available in the missMethyl Bioconductor R package.