tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Haemophilia-like Disease Due to an Auto-antibody
Authors: A. M. Nussey, D. W. Dawson
Journal: BMJ (1957)

BRITSH 1077 without reactions and that this results in a more rapid utili- zation of the injected iron when treatment is urgently required. SummaryA radioactive iron-dextran complex was administered intravenously and intramuscularly to normal and iron- deficient patients.Measurements were made of the distribution and movement of the complex.After intravenous injection the complex was cleared from the plasma by the reticulo-endothelial system, and the iron was then utilized for haemoglobin svnthesis.In iron-deficient patients there was substantially 100% utilization of the injected dose.After intramuscular administration approximately 60% of the injected dose was rapidly absorbed; there- after clearance occurred only slowly.Our thanks are due to the physicians of St. Thomas's Hospital for permission to studv the patients under their care, and to Benger Laboratores Ltd. for their co-operation in the preparation of the radioactivc iron-dextran.The expenses of this in- vestigation were partly
An avian parallel to primate mirror neurons and language evolution?
Authors: Irene M. Pepperberg
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2005)

Arbib presents a reasoned explanation for language evolution from nonhuman to human primates, one that I argue can be equally applied to animals trained in forms of interspecies communication. I apply his criteria for language readiness and language (in actuality, protolanguage) to the behavior of a Grey parrot ( Psittacus erithacus ) taught to communicate with humans using rudiments of English speech.
Spatial Covariation of Mutation and Nonsynonymous Substitution Rates in Vertebrate Mitochondrial Genomes
Authors: Richard E. Broughton, Paulette C. Reneau
Journal: Molecular Biology and Evolution (2006)

Mitochondrial genomes encode fundamental subunits of the basic energy producing machinery of eukaryotic cells that are under strong functional constraint. Paradoxically, these genes evolve rapidly in general, and there is substantial variation in evolutionary rates among genes within genomes. In order to investigate spatial variation in selection intensity, we conducted tests of neutrality using ratios of synonymous to nonsynonymous substitutions (dN/dS = ω) on numerous protein gene segments from fishes and mammals. Values of ω were very low for nearly all genomic regions. However, values of both ω and dN varied in a clinal pattern with increasing distance from the light-strand origin of replication. Spatial heterogeneity of nonsynonymous substitution rates exhibits a significantly positive correlation with variation in mutation rates that are related to the mode of mitochondrial DNA replication. The finding that nonsynonymous substitution rates are proportional to mutation rates is expected if a majority of substitutions are selectively neutral or slightly deleterious. Spatial patterns of among-gene variation in nonsynonymous rates were highly similar between fishes and mammals, suggesting that forces governing mitochondrial gene evolution have remained relatively constant over 450 Myr of vertebrate evolution. Conservation of substitution patterns despite major shifts in thermal habit and metabolic demands among taxa implicates a conserved replication mechanism controlling relative mutation rates as a major determinant of mitochondrial protein evolution.
Radial Scars in Benign Breast-Biopsy Specimens and the Risk of Breast Cancer
Authors: Timothy W. Jacobs, Celia Byrne, Graham Colditz, James L. Connolly, Stuart J. Schnitt
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1999)

Radial scars are benign breast lesions of uncertain clinical significance. In particular, it is not known whether these lesions alter the risk of breast cancer in women with benign breast disease. We conducted a case–control study of women who had benign breast lesions with or without radial scars.
Scottish consultative committees could take action
Authors: D. Hunter
Journal: BMJ (1990)

They are quite correct to point out that an accurate diagnosis cannot be reached on the basis of one completion of the mental status question- nalre.Cognitive impairment can indeed be misdiagnosed in patients with a low intelligence quotient who are depressed and those who are in an acute confusional state.This lack of diagnostic specificity was partly offset by the large number concerned in the screening investigation, and the test was selected on the basis of its brevitv and acceptability.'rhere are two misconceptions, however, in their letter.Firstly, the mental status questionnaire does not entail tests of calculation or short term memory.Secondly, their reference to our earlier study' implies that the diagnosis of dementia was reached in a similar fashion therein.In fact, the subjects in the earlier study were diagnosed after an interview, the use of several cognitive tests, and the collection of information from a relative whenever this was possible.Dr McRorie and colleagues mention that it may be illuminating to establish the acutal causes of death in our sample.This we are seeking to do at the same time as we investigate whether admitting patients into an institution conferred a protective effect against early death.
Fatal Oseltamivir-Resistant Influenza Virus Infection
Authors: Erhard van der Vries, Bart van den Berg, Martin Schutten
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2008)

The incidence of influenza A (H1N1) viruses that carry the neuraminidase H274Y mutation has increased by 30% this year in the Netherlands. This case suggests that this oseltamivir-resistant virus can be pathogenic, at least in an immunocompromised patient.
A Case of Subacute Rickettsial Endocarditis; with a Survey of Cardiac Patients for this Infection
Authors: B. P. Marmion, F. E. Higgins, J. B. Bridges, A. T. Edwards
Journal: BMJ (1960)

FAMILYBDICALJOURL in the a-chain, and of haemoglobin S, which carries its abnormality in the a-chain into a-and P-chains.On recombination they obtained haemoglobin A as well as a hybrid composed of abnormal a-and ,8-chains.One might therefore expect that when haemoglobin S and another abnormal haemoglobin are found together with haemoglobin A, S being a al-chain mutant, the other abnormal haemoglobin would be an a-chain mutant.We have reason to believe, however, that haemoglobin 0 is not an a-chain mutant, and indeed the same applies to haemoglobin P. A full account of this will be given by two of us (B.R. and H.L.) in collaboration with Drs.E. M. Shooter and E. R. Huehns, of
Abdominal Trauma with Leukocytosis and Howell-Jolly Bodies
Authors: RICHARD P. SPENCER, ARLENE P. GRIMMOND, JACQUELINE TRESCHUK-BAHN
Journal: Clinical Nuclear Medicine (1988)

Following trauma, the spleen could not be visualized with intravenous Tc-99m-sulfur colloid. However, that splenic function had been absent for a long period was shown by Howell-Jolly bodies in circulating red blood cells.
Inhaled steroids and mortality in COPD: bias from unaccounted immortal time
Authors: V.A. Kiri, J. Vestbo, N.B. Pride, J.B. Soriano
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2004)

To the Editor: 

In the March 2004 issue of the European Respiratory Journal , an article was published in which Suissa 1 claimed to replicate the design of our previously published study 2 in a different cohort in Saskatchewan. Our study had suggested that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) with or without long-acting β2‐agonists were associated with a reduction in all-cause mortality risk in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients compared to short-acting bronchodilators alone. From his analysis in a different dataset, S. Suissa makes the categorical statement in the last line of the abstract that our published conclusion “is the result of bias from unaccounted immortal time in its cohort design and analysis”. This statement, astonishingly, totally omits any consideration of differences between the results of the Saskatchewan database and the General Practice Research Database we used.

We are well aware …
Bladder Carcinoma After Urinary Diversion
Authors: Philip M. Hanno
Journal: JAMA (1982)

CARCINOMA of the defunctionalized bladder is considered a rare entity. Eleven cases have been reported.<sup>1-8</sup>Diagnosis is often delayed and sometimes is an unexpected finding at cystectomy. We report a case that illustrates this problem and review the literature. <h3>Report of a Case</h3> A 52-year-old woman underwent urinary diversion in 1960 because of incontinence related to spina bifida and paraplegia. Aside from a left ureterolithotomy in 1974, she had no problems referable to her urinary tract and no signs or symptoms of vesical irritation or pyocystis. In February 1981, she reported a five-month history of "bleeding from the vagina." Gynecologic evaluation, including Papanicolaou's smear and dilatation and curettage, gave normal findings. Five months later, because of persistent bleeding, her bladder was catheterized and 50 mL of blood was aspirated. Once it was recognized that the bleeding was from the bladder, urologic evaluation ensued. Cystoscopy demonstrated an inflammatory mucosal lesion
Polish plagiarism scandal unearthed
Authors: Z. Zawadzki
Journal: BMJ (1998)

Investigative committees from two Polish institutions are examining the work of an academic who has been accused of publishing over 30 plagiarised articles.

The Medical University of Silesia and the Polytechnic Institute of Czestochowa, both in Poland, are soon to give final verdicts on allegations of plagiarism against Dr Andrzej Jendryczko, who currently works in the environmental engineering department of the polytechnic institute and was formerly a professor of biochemistry at the medical university.

Although the investigations have not yet been completed, the Senate of the Medical University of Silesia passed a resolution on 17 December 1997 (subsequently reported in the Polish newspaper Rzeczpospolita ) acknowledging the charges as “fully substantiated” and resolving “to …
Guanylate-binding proteins promote activation of the AIM2 inflammasome during infection with Francisella novicida
Authors: Etienne Meunier, Pierre Wallet, Roland F Dreier, Stéphanie Costanzo, Leonie Anton, Sebastian Rühl, Sébastien Dussurgey, Mathias S Dick, Anne Kistner, Mélanie Rigard, Daniel Degrandi, Klaus Pfeffer, Masahiro Yamamoto, Thomas Henry, Petr Broz
Journal: Nature Immunology (2015)
Rapid Diagnosis of Transient Arrhythmias with Stat-Telemetry.
Authors: Herbert J. Semler
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1972)

Meeting Abstracts1 May 1972Rapid Diagnosis of Transient Arrhythmias with Stat-Telemetry.Herbert J. Semler, M.D., F.A.C.P., Lee E. Kuhn, Laurel D. SmithHerbert J. Semler, M.D., F.A.C.P.Search for more papers by this author, Lee E. KuhnSearch for more papers by this author, Laurel D. SmithSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-76-5-868_1 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptParoxysmal arrhythmias frequently remain undiagnosed because of their brief duration and the difficulty in securing an ECG during an attack. To overcome these obstacles, a simple and practical telemetry system was developed for a patient to immediately transmit hisownECG at any time from remote locations to a central receiver. The patient places a small, portable ECG sensor over his sternum, and ECG signals are obtained within 3 sec. No skin preparation, electrode paste, or limb electrodes are necessary. The ECG is instantly transmitted by telephone to a receiver located in the coronary care unit. The waveform is observed... This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Herbert J. Semler, M.D., F.A.C.P.; Lee E. Kuhn; Laurel D. SmithAffiliations: Portland, Oreg. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 1 May 1972Volume 76, Issue 5Page: 868-868KeywordsArrhythmiaCardiac care unitOintmentsSternum ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 May 1972 PDF downloadLoading ...
THE ATTITUDE OF THE CLINICIAN IN REGARD TO EXPOSING PATIENTS TO THE X-RAY.
Authors: DAVID L. EDSALL
Journal: JAMA (1906)

In its relation to medical practice, one of the most remarkable things about the<i>x</i>-ray is the tardiness with which there was any realization of its power of producing very marked changes in other tissues than those superficially situated. So large a number of persons have for years been exposed to the action of the<i>x</i>-ray that it seems strange, indeed, that, while it is now known to have very decided and sometimes profound constitutional effects, the recognition of such effects by clinicians has come only after years of use, and chiefly because of purely empirical and even haphazard clinical observations. In fact, for some time after it became reasonably evident that it influences the general organism, many persons persistently doubted whether the general effects were actually due to the<i>x</i>-ray. <h3>X-RAY AND METABOLISM.</h3> At present this doubt is thoroughly dispelled, for more extended trial with patients
Requirements for the solubilization of immune aggregates by complement: assembly of a factor B-dependent C3-convertase on the immune complexes.
Authors: M Takahashi, B F Tack, V Nussenzweig
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1977)

During the solubilization of immune precipitates BSA-rabbit antibodies to BSA by human complement, at least three stages can be distinguished. (A) Generation of alternative pathway C3-convertase sites associated with the immune complexes. During the first minutes of interaction between the immune aggregates and serum, before any solubilization has taken place, properdin (P), factor B, and C3 moieties are incorporated into the lattice. The washed precipitates have C3-convertase activity, which can be completely inhibited by antibodies to factor B, but not to C2. The assembly of the convertase is temperature-dependent, and does not take place in the absence of Mg++. The immune complex-associated C3-convertase activity decays rapidly at 37 degrees C, but it can be restored by addition of purified factor B and properdin. (B) Amplification. When the aggregates bearing C3-convertase are incubated with purified C3, solubilization takes place. It appears that solubilization is caused by the accumulation of a large number of C3 fragments on the Ag-Ab lattice. In solubilized complexes, the molar ratios of Ab/C3 are close to one. (C) Spontaneous release. The final step in the solubilization process is a secondary reaction, during which some rearrangement of the lattice takes place. It occurs in medium devoid of serum and does not require divalent cations.
Hepatitis B virus infection among HIV-infected pregnant women in Malawi and transmission to infants
Authors: Charles S. Chasela, Athena P. Kourtis, Patrick Wall, Jan Drobeniuc, Caroline C. King, Hong Thai, Eyasu H. Teshale, Mina Hosseinipour, Sascha Ellington, Mary B. Codd, Denise J. Jamieson, Rod Knight, Patricia Fitzpatrick, Saleem Kamili, Irving Hoffman, Dumbani Kayira, Noel Mumba, Deborah D. Kamwendo, Francis Martinson, William Powderly, Chong-Gee Teo, Charles van der Horst
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2013)
Intravenous lidocaine in the treatment of convulsions
Authors: L. J. Lemmen
Journal: JAMA (1978)

LIDOCAINE, combined with other anticonvulsant medications, often dramatically halts repetitive convulsions. The addition of lidocaine to the anticonvulsant medication program may afford control of seizures without heavy sedation. While high blood levels of local anesthetic can themselves induce convulsions, there is a lower dosage range wherein lidocaine exerts pronounced antiepileptogenic effects in man and animal. Experimental and clinical studies indicate that in higher dosages, lidocaine activates limbic structures, eg, hippocampus and amygdala.<sup>1</sup>Single doses of lidocaine, 2 to 3 mg/kg or 6 to 10 mg/kg/hr, have been suggested along with a barbiturate given at 3 mg/hr, for the control of status epilepticus in man.<sup>2</sup> The Table lists the four patients, with ages ranging from 15 to 61 years and with weights ranging from 52 to 70 kg, we treated by various modes of administration of intravenous (IV) lidocaine. Complete seizure control was attained in each instance. <h3>Complications</h3> Lidocaine
Public Health in the People's Republic of China (1986)
Authors: En Ma
Journal: JAMA (1989)

This informative publication is edited by Cui Yueli, the past Minister of Public Health for China. It gives us a comprehensive and precise picture of China's medical and health progress over the 36 years since 1949, when New China (the People's Republic of China) was founded, through December 1985. The book has nine parts. The most important, Part II, by officials of the Ministry of Public Health, describes China's successes in such areas as medical care, education, science research, public health and disease prevention, administration of medicines, and medical apparatus. The "medicare" system is one of the features of China's public health system. Free medical care and labor protection serve all employees in government institutions and enterprises run by the state. The system covers all hospital expenses except food. The state and collective economic organizations provide low-cost medical and health care services by subsidizing medical and health organizations. In rural
From Mitochondrial Biology to Magic Bullet: Navitoclax Disarms BCL-2 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Loren D. Walensky
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2011)

Article Tools UNDERSTANDING THE PATHWAY Article Tools OPTIONS & TOOLS Export Citation Track Citation Add To Favorites Rights & Permissions COMPANION ARTICLES No companion articles ARTICLE CITATION DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2011.37.9339 Journal of Clinical Oncology - published online before print December 19, 2011 PMID: 22184389 From Mitochondrial Biology to Magic Bullet: Navitoclax Disarms BCL-2 in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Loren D. WalenskyxLoren D. WalenskySearch for articles by this author Show More Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2011.37.9339 First Page Full Text PDF Figures and Tables © 2011 by American Society of Clinical Oncology
Israeli doctors are given conflicting advice on treating hunger strikers
Authors: J. Siegel-Itzkovich
Journal: BMJ (2013)

<h3>Abstract</h3> In non-model species, targeted gene capture (selective enrichment of specific genomic regions of interest) applications in molecular ecology have been limited by the practicalities of capture design. Currently, the minimal requirement for designing capture probes is a transcriptome, or established reference genome for the species of interest. When an established, annotated reference genome is unavailable, one common approach is to design probes from annotated reference genomes (or transcriptomes) of related species. Unfortunately, as divergence between probes and the genome of interest increases, such as occurs during directional selection, capture performance decreases. Here I introduce orthoCapture, a tool to overcome such limitations by mining unannotated whole-genome sequence (WGS) data from non-model species and/or their close relatives to allow probe design using multiple genomic sources. orthoCapture finds orthologs in WGS data from multiple related species to create a set of exon sequences that encompasses the diversity of the exons of interest. These “design sequences” can then be used to design capture probes for the species of interest. orthoCapture thus eliminates the need for transcriptome or whole-genome sequencing for bait capture experiments, making this technique accessible for molecular ecology and conservation studies. Use of orthoCapture is via command-line interface on Unix systems, and requires the input of a gene sequence from an unrelated annotated genome and a fasta database from a target, unannotated genome (e.g., whole-genome shotgun contigs). The output, sequence templates from the nonannotated genomic data, allows probe creation by any commercial company providing gene capture services.
Study of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes in families of patients with chronic HBV infection: comparison of asian and ocidental origin people in Brazil
Authors: C.M. Clemente, F.J. Carrilho, S.K. Ono-Nita, M.F. Lemos, I.M.V.G.C. Mello, J.R.R. Pinho, A.A. Laudanna
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2002)
Association of human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) with multiple sclerosis: Increased IgM response to HHV-6 early antigen and detection of serum HHV-6 DNA
Authors: Samantha S. Soldan, Rossana Berti, Nazi Salem, Paola Secchiero, Louis Flamand, Peter A. Calabresi, Meghan B. Brennan, Heidi W. Maloni, Henry F. Mcfarland, Hun-Chi Lin, Madhumita Patnaik, Steven Jacobson
Journal: Nature Medicine (1997)
Persistence of Virus in Infants With Congenital Rubella and in Normal Infants With a History of Maternal Rubella
Authors: C. Alan Phillips
Journal: JAMA (1965)

Virological studies were carried out on 600 specimens collected from 85 infants born during an epidemic of congenital rubella syndrome. Thirty-six of these infants (42%) yielded rubella virus from at least one specimen. Of 31 babies with expanded rubella syndrome with thrombocytopenia, 19 (61%) excreted virus, while 11 of 35 infants (31%) with congenital rubella syndrome without thrombocytopenia excreted virus. Virus was also recovered from four of five infants who were apparently normal at birth but who were born to mothers with a definite clinical history of rubella in the first trimester of pregnancy. In the first month of life, virus could be recovered readily from the throat and cerebrospinal fluid, and in decreasing order of frequency from the urine, feces, peripheral blood, and bone marrow. There was also a high rate of recovery of virus from cerebrospinal fluid specimens later in life.
Deciding life and death in the courtroom. From Quinlan to Cruzan, Glucksberg, and Vacco--a brief history and analysis of constitutional protection of the 'right to die'
Authors: L. O. Gostin
Journal: JAMA (1997)

This article analyzes judicial determinations on the "right to die" from Quinlan to Cruzan, Glucksberg, and Vacco. The body of law known as right-to-die cases extends ordinary treatment refusal doctrine to end-of-life decisions. The courts, having affirmed a right to refuse life-sustaining treatment, held that certain categorical distinctions that had been drawn lacked a rational basis. No rational distinction could be made between competent vs incompetent patients, withholding vs withdrawing treatment, and ordinary vs extraordinary treatment. The courts, however, had persistently affirmed one categorical distinction: between withdrawing life-sustaining treament on the one hand and active euthanasia or physician-assisted dying on the other. In Washington v Glucksberg and Vacco v Quill, the Supreme Court unanimously held that physician-assisted suicide is not a fundamental liberty interest protected by the Constitution. Notably, five members of the Court wrote or joined in concurring opinions that took a more liberal view. The Court powerfully approved aggressive palliation of pain. The Supreme Court, hinting that it would find state legalization of physician-assisted suicide constitutional, invited the nation to pursue an earnest debate on physician assistance in the dying process.
More than Fifty Years.
Authors: Chas. G. Bacon
Journal: JAMA (1895)

Fulton, N. Y., May 8, 1895. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —Referring to the letter of Dr. Colvin, of Clyde, N. Y., in theJournalof May 4, I have to say that I have practiced fifty-four years—fifty-two years of married life—fifty years' residence in the same house. I became a member of the Oswego County Medical Society in 1842. Attended fifty of its annual meetings in succession; a member of the New York State Medical Society in 1858, and a member of theAmerican Medical Associationever since its second meeting in Philadelphia.