tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1918: Synergy between epithelial and mesenchymal cells in breast cancer: from mammospheres to predicting patient outcomes
Authors: Anne Grosse-Wilde, Aymeric d'Herouel, Rolf Kuestner, Gokhan Ertaylan, Alexander Skupin, Sui Huang, Adrian Ozinsky
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Targeting breast cancer stem cells promises to eliminate the root of metastasis and recurrence and thus to eradicate the ultimate cause of cancer-related death of patients. However, the identity of epithelial cancer stem-like is still elusive; cancer stem-like and metastasis initiating cells have been described to be either epithelial (E) or mesenchymal (M), and thus their identity appears to critically depend on the context of the analyzed cell line. Here, we have studied the heterogeneous HMLER cell line to identify the relationships between epithelial and mesenchymal cells while they are differentiated and selected under suspension culture conditions. We find that CD24+/CD44- epithelial cells and CD44+/CD24- mesenchymal cells synergize in causing the proliferation of both sub-populations, increasing mammosphere production, and causing the emergence of aggressive motile cells when replated. We observed that when grown in suspension, isolated epithelial as well as isolated mesenchymal cell populations converged towards a hybrid E/M state characterized by coexpression of genes of both lineages, from population down to the single cell level. For epithelial populations convergence at the hybrid state during growth in suspension was thus achieved by proliferation of the most mesenchymal cells resembling an epithelial to mesenchymal transition at the population level. For mesenchymal populations, the hybrid state was reached by the reverse, MET, involving proliferation of the most epithelial cells in a context dependent manner.We use these findings to resolve which genes are predictive of poor outcome in primary human breast tumors. Here we show for the first time that high expression of mesenchymal genes in luminal B/epithelial tumors predicts poor outcome of patients, whereas expression of epithelial genes in basal/mesenchymal tumors predicts poor outcome and thus increased metastasis. Therefore, functional synergy between E and M cells can explain how the tumor context determines whether a minority of mesenchymal or epithelial cells can serve as metastatic stem cells. Citation Format: Anne Grosse-Wilde, Aymeric d'Herouel, Rolf Kuestner, Gokhan Ertaylan, Alexander Skupin, Sui Huang, Adrian Ozinsky. Synergy between epithelial and mesenchymal cells in breast cancer: from mammospheres to predicting patient outcomes. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1918. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1918
A memorable patient: The young woman with a wart on her nose
Authors: D. W MacCorquodale
Journal: BMJ (1999)

A wide variety of complementary therapies claim to improve health by producing relaxation.Some use the relaxed state as a means of promoting psychological change.Others incorporate movement, stretches, and breathing exercises.Relaxation and "stress management" are found to a certain extent within conventional medicine.They are included here because they are generally not well taught in conventional medical curriculums and because of the overlap with other, more clearly complementary, therapies. Techniques HypnosisHypnosis is the induction of a deeply relaxed state, with increased suggestibility and suspension of critical faculties.Once in this state, sometimes called a hypnotic trance, patients are given therapeutic suggestions to encourage changes in behaviour or relief of symptoms.For example, in a treatment to stop smoking a hypnosis practitioner might suggest that the patient will no longer find smoking pleasurable or necessary.Hypnosis for a patient with arthritis might include a suggestion that the pain can be turned down like the volume of a radio.Some practitioners use hypnosis as an aid to psychotherapy.The rationale is that in the hypnotised state the conscious mind presents fewer barriers to effective psychotherapeutic exploration, leading to an increased likelihood of psychological insight.Franz Mesmer, 1734-1815, was responsible for the rise in popularity, and notoriety, of hypnosis ("mesmerism") in the 18th century Many relaxation techniques aim to increase awareness of areas of chronic unconscious muscle tension.They often involve a conscious attempt to release and relax during exhalation
Cross-species molecular profiling identifies the GSK3-Beta pathway in soy mediated prostate cancer growth inhibition.
Authors: Ryan Fitzgerald, Taylor Tomassi, Michael J. Schlicht, Michael Liss, Payal Shah, Alexandra Migdal, Martin Hessner, Sumana Datta, Milton W. Datta
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 47, 2006

5583 

Soy is a candidate prostate cancer chemopreventive, yet the mechanism of Soy's actions remain unclear. We have used cross-species expression analysis to identify genes coordinately regulated in prostate cancer's response to Soy in both human and rat systems. Analysis of the PAIII prostate cancer cell line derived from the Lobund-Wistar rat and the PC3 human prostate cancer cell line were analyzed using species specific 19k spotted cDNA arrays. Validation studies were performed for genes and pathways that were identified. Soy treatment resulted in decreased PAIII and PC3 cell number by growth curves. Gene homolog analysis suggested involvement of the wnt-frizzled-GSK3Beta-Beta-catenin pathway in Soy response. Western blotting demonstrated expression of Wnt-4, Frizzled-3, GSK3Beta, and Beta-catenin in the PC3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines. Soy treatment resulted in decreased cell proliferation by BrdU uptake in PC3 cells, which was rescued by treatment with siRNA directed at GSK3Beta. These results suggested that Soy's action may be mediated through GSK3Beta activation. The role of Frizzled-3 mediated GSK3Beta inactivation in prostate cancer was examined. Use of siRNA directed at Frizzled-3 failed to decrease proliferation or rescue the effects of Soy. Likewise Wnt-4 siRNA studies failed to implicate Wnt-4 in baseline or Soy mediated cellular proliferation. Subsequent immunohistochemical studies using prostate cancer tissue microarrays revealed the expression of both Frizzled-3 and GSK3Beta in prostate cancers. No significant association was seen with Gleason grade or tumor stage. We have identified GSK3Beta as a mechanism for Soy's effect in prostate cancer. This protein is expressed in prostate cancer cells and controls prostate cancer cell proliferation. Thus GSK3Beta may represent a key biomarker for determining the efficacy of Soy chemoprevention in prostate cancer. Further studies on the activated forms of GSK3Beta are ongoing. R.F. and T.T. contributed equally to this work, and are both recipients of Emory University/Winship Cancer Institute Summer High School Student Research Fellowships.
Health Risks Associated With Polychlorinated Biphenyls—Reply
Authors: Mike Mitka, Richard F. Seegal
Journal: JAMA (2005)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Primary Gastrointestinal Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: II. Combined Surgical and Conservative or Conservative Management Only in Localized Gastric Lymphoma—Results of the Prospective German Multicenter Study GIT NHL 01/92
Authors: Peter Koch, Francisco del Valle, Wolfgang E. Berdel, Normann A. Willich, Berthold Reers, Wolfgang Hiddemann, Bernward Grothaus-Pinke, Gabriele Reinartz, Jens Brockmann, Altfried Temmesfeld, Rudolf Schmitz, Christian Rübe, Andreas Probst, Gert Jaenke, Heinrich Bodenstein, Arved Junker, Christiane Pott, Jürgen Schultze, Achim Heinecke, Reza Parwaresch, Markus Tiemann
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2001)

PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to obtain data on anatomic and histologic distribution, clinical features, and treatment results of patients with primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, particularly combined surgical and conservative treatment (CSCT) versus conservative treatment (CT) alone for primary gastric lymphoma (PGL) in localized stages. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Whether the treatment included surgery was left to the discretion of each participating center. Radiotherapy (Rx) and chemotherapy were stratified according to histologic grading, stage, and the inclusion or omission of surgery as follows: patients with low-grade PGL were treated with extended-field (EF) Rx (30 Gy). In case of residual tumor after surgery or in case of CT only (in stage IIE after six cycles of cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone), an additional boost of 10 Gy was given. All patients with high-grade PGL were treated with four (stage IE) or six (stage IIE) cycles of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone followed by EF Rx (stage IE) or involved-field (IF) Rx (stage IIE). Rx dosage corresponded to low-grade NHL. RESULTS: Between October 1992 and November 1996, 106 patients had CT only. The survival rate (SR) after 5 years was 84.4% and was influenced neither by patients’ characteristics nor by stage or histologic grade. Seventy-nine patients had CSCT. Their SR was 82.0%. Complete resection of the tumor (R0) was prognostic for the overall survival (P = .0165) as compared with incomplete resection. CONCLUSION: Although the study was not randomized, a stomach-conserving approach may be favored.
Infopoints: Publishing raw data and real time statistical analysis on e-journals
Authors: D. J R Hutchon
Journal: BMJ (2001)

Authors of medical publications rarely provide their readers with the full raw data from their work but provide only the summarised statistical analysis. Indeed, publishing the raw data in a paper journal would usually be impractical and of little help to readers as transcription from the printed paper to a computer for further analysis would be laborious and prone to transcription errors. Without raw data, however, peer reviewers are unable to check the statistical analysis, and further work on the data by others is not possible.

I demonstrate a method of including the raw data within a web version of an audit project that includes real time data …
Noninvasive<i>in vivo</i>detection and quantification of<i>Demodex</i>mites by confocal laser scanning microscopy
Authors: E.C. Sattler, T. Maier, V.S. Hoffmann, J. Hegyi, T. Ruzicka, C. Berking
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Summary Background In many Demodex-associated skin diseases Demodex mites are present in abundance and seem to be at least partially pathogenic. So far all diagnostic approaches such as scraping or standardized superficial skin biopsy are (semi-)invasive and may cause discomfort to the patient. Objectives To see whether confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) – a noninvasive method for the visualization of superficial skin layers – is able to detect and quantify D. folliculorum in facial skin of patients with rosacea. Methods Twenty-five patients (34–72 years of age) with facial rosacea and 25 age- and sex-matched normal controls were examined by CLSM. Mosaics of 8 × 8 mm and 5 × 5 mm were created by scanning horizontal layers of lesional skin and quantification of mites per follicle and per area as well as follicles per area was performed. Results In all patients D. folliculorum could be detected by CLSM and presented as roundish or lengthy cone-shaped structures. CLSM allowed the quantification of Demodex mites and revealed significant differences (P < 0·0001): the mean number of mites was 165·4 per 8 × 8 mm area and 94·2 per 5 × 5 mm area in the patients compared with 34·7 and 22·4, respectively, in the controls. The corresponding mean number of mites per follicle was 0·7 and 0·8, respectively, in the patients and 0·1 and 0·2, respectively, in the controls. Conclusions With the help of CLSM it is possible to detect, image and quantify Demodex mites noninvasively in facial skin of patients with rosacea.
In Utero gene therapy: current challenges and perspectives
Authors: Simon N. Waddington, M. Gabriela Kramer, Ruben Hernandez-Alcoceba, Suzanne M.K. Buckley, Michael Themis, Charles Coutelle, Jesus Prieto
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2005)

Over the past few years, considerable progress in prenatal diagnosis and surgery combined with improvements in vector design vindicate a reappraisal of the feasibility of in utero gene therapy for serious monogenetic diseases. As adult gene therapy gathers pace, several apparent obstacles to its application as a treatment may be overcome by pre- or early postnatal treatment. This review will examine the concepts and practice of prenatal vector administration. We aim to highlight the advantages of early therapeutic intervention focusing on diseases that could benefit greatly from a prenatal gene therapy approach. We will pay special attention to the strategies and vectors that are most likely to be used for this application and will speculate on their expected developments for the near future.
PHOSPHATE ESTER POISONING, A NEW PROBLEM FOR THE INTERNIST
Authors: D O HAMBLIN, J F MARCHAND
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1952)

Article1 January 1952PHOSPHATE ESTER POISONING, A NEW PROBLEM FOR THE INTERNISTDONALD O. HAMBLIN, M.D., JOHN F. MARCHAND, M.D.DONALD O. HAMBLIN, M.D.Search for more papers by this author, JOHN F. MARCHAND, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-36-1-50 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptWithin the past three years, several esters of phosphoric acid have been manufactured and applied on an expanding scale because of their exceptional effectiveness as agricultural insecticides. Requirements for this purpose have increased rapidly, in spite of a high toxicity for man and other animals, because these compounds have already played a vital rôle in the economically important task of protecting food and other crops from the ravages of insects. Such damages amount to billions of dollars annually. Some of the phosphate esters are peculiarly effective for this purpose, to an extent equaled by none of the former crop protection...Bibliography1. MetcalfMarch RLRB: Properties of acetylcholine esterases from the bee, the fly, and the mouse and their relation to insecticide action, J. Economic Entomology 43: 670-677 (Oct.) 1950. CrossrefGoogle Scholar2. DuboisDoullSalernoCoon KPJPRJM: Studies on the toxicity and mechanism of action of p-nitrophenyl diethyl thiophosphate (parathion), J. Pharmacol. and Exper. Therap. 95: 79, 1949. MedlineGoogle Scholar3. GrobGarlickMerrillFreimuth DWLGGHC: Death due to parathion, an anti-cholinesterase insecticide, Ann. Int. Med. 31: 899, 1949. LinkGoogle Scholar4. Michel HO: An electrometric method for the determination of red blood cell and plasma cholinesterase activity, J. Lab. and Clin. Med. 34: 1564, 1949. Google Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: New York, N. Y.*Presented as a Morning Lecture at the Thirty-second Annual Session of the American College of Physicians, St. Louis, Mo., April 13, 1951. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byÜbersichtenDermatomyositisREFERENCESCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY DETERMINATION IN AN AUTOMATED ANALYSIS SYSTEM *Malathion poisoning in a 34-month-old child followingaccidental ingestionVorkommen und Funktionen des Acetylcholins im HerzenA Rapid Screening Test for the Determination of the Approximate Cholinesterase Activity of Human Blood 1 January 1952Volume 36, Issue 1Page: 50-55KeywordsFoodInsecticidePhosphatesToxicity Issue Published: 1 January 1952 PDF downloadLoading ...
Electrocardiographic Diagnosis of Pericarditis
Authors: Ishak Mansi
Journal: JAMA (2003)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance in hepatitis B virus–infected individuals: Who and how?
Authors: Ka‐Kit Li, Palak J. Trivedi, Sophie Von Heimendahl, Tony Bruns, Steve T. Ward, Ye Oo, David Mutimer
Journal: Hepatology (2015)

Potential conflict of interest: Nothing to report. To the Editor: We read with great interest the article by Kim et al.,1 illustrating the merit of transient elastography (TE) in the stratification of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) risk in patients chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV). Current guidelines advocate radiological surveillance of at‐risk individuals with the aim of detecting early cancers amenable to potentially curative therapy.2 At present, this category includes patients with precirrhosis, specifically Asian men over 40 years of age (and women >50 years). The tight adherence of such recommendations confers immense financial burden on health service provision, with potential for harm by unnecessary investigations and needless anxiety resulting from false‐positive diagnoses. Moreover, there is a dearth of published evidence regarding HCC incidence in migrants with precirrhosis residing within the West. In this regard, we identified 353 patients of East‐Asian descent referred to our center for chronic HBV infection between 1999 and 2012. Of this group, 286 individuals were classified as with precirrhosis at baseline (evidenced by clinical features, laboratory indices, radiological features, TE, and/or liver biopsy, where available). Follow‐up across this cohort was 1,289 patient‐years (median follow‐up: 51 months; interquartile range: 19‐93 months). Across the entire cohort without cirrhosis, HCC was diagnosed in only 1 patient after 77 months of follow‐up. Of the 286 individuals, 74 fulfilled the proposed surveillance criteria for HCC (Asian men over 40 and women over 50 years of age). Taking into account the 1 patient who developed HCC in the cohort without cirrhosis, yielding an annual incidence rate of only 2.5 cases per 1,000 patients‐years, a rate exceptionally low when compared to epidemiological reports stemming from mainland Asia.4 Moreover, current surveillance strategies would mandate >1,000 ultrasound scans to diagnose just one HCC in individuals with precirrhosis. Our work, together with the report by Kim et al., reinforce the need for an evidence‐based approach toward identification of at‐risk populations with respect to HCC surveillance in chronic HBV infection. Better identification of at‐risk populations has the potential to improve cost‐effectiveness and decrease the negative impact of HCC surveillance. Recent studies on the use of HCC risk estimation scores,5 together with the work by Kim et al., may provide us with the tools to target patients that may benefit most from HCC surveillance.
Abstract 5328: Intracellular Calcium Mediated Late-Phase 3 Early Afterdepolarization Induces Ventricular Fibrillation in Isolated Rabbit Hearts with Activated K <sub>ATP</sub> Channel
Authors: Liang Tang, Boyoung Joung, Juan Song, Masahiro Ogawa, Peng-Sheng Chen, Shien-Fong Lin
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Introduction: The mechanism and importance of late-phase 3 early after depolarization (EAD) in ventricular arrhythmogenesis and the corresponding intracellular calcium dynamics are unknown. Methods: We studied 22 Langendorff-perfused isolated normal rabbit hearts with and without K ATP channels opener, pinacidil (80 μM). In group I (n=10), we performed simultaneous dual optical mapping of transmembrane potential (V m ) and intracellular calcium (Ca i ) transient on left ventricular endocardium. In group II (n=6), glass microelectrode single cell recording of transmembrane potential (TMP) was performed. In group III (n=6), we examined the effects of BAPTA-AM, a calcium chelator, on late-phase 3 EAD and VF induction. Results: Ventricular endocardium was paced at PCL between 60 ms and 350 ms for 29 beats. Pinacidil shortened both APD 90 (192±11 ms at baseline to 98±9 ms) and duration of Ca i at 50% of amplitude (DCaT 50 , 152±10 ms at baseline to 84±9 ms) at PCL of 250 ms. At pacing rate &lt; 200 ms, the first post-pacing spontaneous beat showed persistent APD shortening and late-phase 3 EAD accompanied by large Ca i elevation. There was a positive correlation between the EAD amplitudes and the amplitude of Ca i elevation (r=0.899). At a critical Ca i elevation magnitude, the late-phase 3 EAD then induced triggered activity and VF in 10 episodes. The single cell TMP recording confirmed the optical mapping data of late-phase 3 EAD-induced VF. Infusion of BAPTA-AM significantly reduced the maximal Ca i amplitude in the mapped region (26.4±3.5% of the control; p&lt;0.001). Due to the lowered Ca i level, neither EAD in the first post-pacing beat nor VF induction was observed after pacing train at any PCLs. Conclusions: K ATP channel activation leads to shortened APD with correspondingly large Ca i elevation, resulting in late-phase 3 EAD in first spontaneous beat at the cessation of rapid pacing. Reducing intracellular calcium handling by BAPTA-AM prevented EAD and VF induction/reinitiation. Because acute myocardial ischemia activates the K ATP channel, the calcium mediated late-phase 3 EAD induced triggered activity may be a novel mechanism for VF and sudden death during acute myocardial ischemia. This research has received full or partial funding support from the American Heart Association, AHA National Center.