tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Nocturnal Hypoxemia Severity and Renin–Angiotensin System Activity in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Ann A. Zalucky, David D. M. Nicholl, Patrick J. Hanly, Marc J. Poulin, Tanvir C. Turin, Shahebina Walji, George B. Handley, Jill K. Raneri, Darlene Y. Sola, Sofia B. Ahmed
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2015)

Rationale: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and nocturnal hypoxemia are associated with chronic kidney disease and up-regulation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), which is deleterious to renal function. The extent to which the magnitude of RAS activation is influenced by the severity of nocturnal hypoxemia and comorbid obesity has not been determined.Objectives: To determine the association between the severity of nocturnal hypoxemia and RAS activity and whether this is independent of obesity in patients with OSA.Methods: Effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) response to angiotensin II (AngII) challenge, a marker of renal RAS activity, was measured by paraaminohippurate clearance technique in 31 OSA subjects (respiratory disturbance index, 51 ± 25 h−1), stratified according to nocturnal hypoxemia status (mean nocturnal SaO2, ≥90% [moderate hypoxemia] or <90% [severe hypoxemia]) and 13 obese control subjects.Measurements and Main Results: Compared with control subjects, OSA subjects demonstrated decreased renovascular sensitivity (ERPF, −153 ± 79 vs. −283 ± 31 ml/min; P = 0.004) (filtration fraction, 5.4 ± 3.8 vs. 7.1 ± 2.6%; P = 0.0025) in response to 60 minutes of AngII challenge (mean ± SD; all P values OSA vs. control). The fall in ERPF in response to AngII was less in patients with severe hypoxemia compared with those with moderate hypoxemia (P = 0.001) and obese control subjects after 30 minutes (P < 0.001) and 60 minutes (P < 0.001) of AngII challenge, reflecting more augmented renal RAS activity. Severity of hypoxemia was not associated with the blood pressure or the systemic circulating RAS component response to AngII.Conclusions: The severity of nocturnal hypoxemia influences the magnitude of renal, but not the systemic, RAS activation independently of obesity in patients with OSA.
Use of perfusion MR imaging for differentiation between tumor progression and pseudo-progression in recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.
Authors: C. Heidemans-Hazelaar, A. Y. Verbeek, H. M. Oosterkamp, B. Van der Kallen, C. J. Vecht
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

2026 Background: Appearance of pseudo-progression (Ps-PD) on MR imaging following chemoradiation in patients with glioblastoma mutiforme (GBM) is a new phenomenon. Its distinction from true tumor-progression (PD) has consequences for deciding on further therapy. We examined whether the technique of perfusion MR imaging (pMRI) allows proper distinction between PD and Ps-PD in patients with GBM. Methods: Files from the neuro-oncology clinic were selected from patients with GBM with signs of radiological progression at gadolineum-enhanced MR imaging including pMRI, and who had a subsequent MR imaging three months later. All patients had received chemoradiation (60 Gy in 30 fractions) with concomitant (75 mg/m2/day) and adjuvant (200 mg/m2, day 1-5, q 4 wks) temozolomide. Clinical and MR imaging characteristics (localization, size, rCBV) and applied therapies were scored at the time of radiologic progression and 3 months later. Ps-PD was defined as absence of tumor-progression at a second biopsy or reoperation, or no further progression or spontaneous improvement on subsequent MR imaging without new anti-tumor therapy nor increase in dexamethasone dose. MR imaging findings including recordings of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were compared with clinical data. Results: 34 patients had signs of radiological progression, of whom 82% where considered as having PD and 18% Ps-PD based on pathology, clinical parameters and follow-up MR imaging. In 32 patients pMRI was evaluable. After establishing a cut-off value of 2.12 for an increase in rCBV, pMRI could differentiate between the two entities with a positive predictive value of 96% for the presence of tumor-progression. Sensitivity was 88%, specificity 83% with a negative predictive value 63% (p < 0.002, Fisher's exact test). Conclusions: These results indicate that perfusion MR imaging is a reliable technique to distinguish tumor-progression from pseudo-progression in patients with GBM. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Moisture damage in home and asthma until 6-year follow-up: A birth cohort study with home inspections
Authors: Anne Karvonen, Anne Hyvärinen, Matti Korppi, Ulla Haverinen-Shaughnessy, Harald Renz, Petra Pfefferle, Jon Genuneit, Juha Pekkanen
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Several studies have shown that moisture damage or mold is associated with increased risk of respiratory symptoms and asthma, but a few have studied whether atopics are more susceptible for moisture damage or mold than non-atopics.  Objectives: To study association between confirmed moisture damage in infancy and the risk of asthma among atopic and non-atopic children.  Methods: Home inspection was performed of 395 children at the age of 5 months on average. The children were followed up with repeated questionnaires up to the age of 6 years. Specific IgE antibodies were determined at 1 year and 6 years.  Results: Major moisture damage (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 3.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99, 13.23) and mold in the child’s bedroom (aOR 5.22, 95%CI 1.38, 19.69) increased the risk of doctor-diagnosed asthma ever. The associations with asthma ever were stronger among atopic children. Associations were similar but weaker with moisture damage or mold in the kitchen and in the main living area.  Conclusions: Atopic infants might be susceptible for moisture damage and mold than non-atopic children.
An EORTC pilot study of filgrastim (recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor) as support to a high dose-intensive epiadriamycin-cyclophosphamide regimen in chemotherapy-naive patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer
Authors: M.J. Piccart, P. Bruning, J. Wildiers, A. Awada, J.H. Schornagel, J. Thomas, E. Tomiak, S. Bartholomeus, P.O. Witteveen, R. Paridaens
Journal: Annals of Oncology (1995)
Respiratory disorders and dietary habits in a cohort of 8-14 years old schoolchildren
Authors: Maria Chiara Supino, Carlotta Bianchini, Jole Rabasco, Ilaria Caiazzo, Francesca Ruggeri, Lorenza Chiossi, Mario Barreto, Maria Pia Villa
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Aim : Determine the correlation between the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, sleep disordered breathing (SDB) and dietary habits in a population of primary and secondary schoolchildren, in a small city in Central Italy (Ronciglione, VT).   Methods : Subjects were recruited from a non-selected population of students. Parents underwent a questionnaire of 10-items on sleep and respiratory symptoms and 18 questions on dietary habits.   Results : In 2012 we enrolled 192 schoolchildren (109 males, mean age 10.6 ± 1.2 years; IC 8.5-14.8 years) similarly distributed by age. The prevalence of obesity was 19.8% whereas respiratory symptoms were 8.3% for asthma and 21.9% for rhinitis. About SBD, the percentage of snoring was 4.7%, 3.1% for sleep apnea and 1% for nocturnal awakenings. Moreover the prevalence of bruxism was 7.3% and was significantly increased in males than in female (11.9% vs 1.2%, p   Conclusions : We confirm an increase of SBD in obese children. There is no difference in centile BMI between snoring and non-snoring obese children and we hypotize a role of dietary habits in SDB.
Psychophysiology of depression in bronchial asthma
Authors: Larisa V. Bogovin, Juliy M. Perelman, Svetlana V. Naryshkina
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background:  Depression is often observed in a psychological status of patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Psychophysiological characteristics of melancholic disturbances in BA patients have not been studied enough.   Aim:  to study psychophysiological features of depression in asthmatics.   Methods:  Electroencephalography (EEG), experimental-psychological research (test Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory - MMPI) have been performed in 87 patients (65% of women) with mild (36 persons), moderate (33) and severe (18) BA at the age of 18-58 years.   Results:  Some differences between the EEG activity of left and right hemispheres were revealed: the suppression of alpha-rhythm and domination of delta-rhythm in the left hemisphere (p   Conclusion:  BA patients have correlations between depression and EEG activity. The identification of EEG rhythms localizations conditioned by the changes in the emotional sphere can be useful for the development of the methods for biofeedback therapy.
Plasma Cell Leukemia in BALB/c Mice Inoculated With Subcellular Material. II. Serological Changes&lt;xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2"&gt;2&lt;/xref&gt;
Authors: Ragna Rask-Nielsen, K. Robert McIntire, Peter Ebbesen
Journal: JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute (1968)

The reticular neoplasms induced in BALB/c mice with subcellular material, directly or indirectly, from reticular neoplasms of (CBA × DBA/2)F1 mice have related abnormalities of the serum immunoglobulins. In one-third (44/137) of those primary neoplasms that were pleomorphic, containing large numbers of plasma cells, there was a large elevation of a single immunoglobulin class. Eighty-nine percent of these tumors produced an elevated level of γ2 immunoglobulin, either γG or γH, 9% produced γF, and one tumor produced γM. None of the tumors produced γA, and there were none which gave evidence of Bence Jones proteinuria. Several tumors gave definite evidence of producing the same protein through several generations of isogenic transplantation. The abnormal protein (γM) from one tumor was purified and separated into component chains that were both shown to be a homogeneous molecular species.
Abstract 15186: Human Cardiac Stem Cells Cultured with Low Density Provides Higher Therapeutic Potential in Rat Acute Infarction Model
Authors: Takenori Matsuda, Shigeru Miyagawa, Hiroshi Akimaru, Miki Komatsu-Horii, Atsuhiro Saito, Atsuhiko Kawamoto, Satsuki Fukushima, Takayuki Asahara, Yoshiki Sawa
Journal: Circulation (2011)

[Background] Human cardiac stem cells have cariomyogenic potential and to be possible candidate for cardiac regeneration therapy. However, though cell-cell contact may play a pivotal role to induce...
Classifying Cancers Based on T-cell Infiltration and PD-L1
Authors: Michele W.L. Teng, Shin Foong Ngiow, Antoni Ribas, Mark J. Smyth
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Cancer immunotherapy may become a major treatment backbone in many cancers over the next decade. There are numerous immune cell types found in cancers and many components of an immune reaction to cancer. Thus, the tumor has many strategies to evade an immune response. It has been proposed that four different types of tumor microenvironment exist based on the presence or absence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. We review this stratification and the latest in a series of results that shed light on new approaches for rationally designing ideal combination cancer therapies based on tumor immunology. Cancer Res; 75(11); 2139–45. ©2015 AACR.
Predictors of esophageal dilatation in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Harpavan Sandha, Vimal Ponnezhan, Andrea Lu, Christopher Lee, Alex Balekian
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2013)

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) has been considered as a cause of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but an exact relationship is unclear. Because the increased elastic recoil of fibrotic lungs can transmit negative intrathoracic pressures to the esophagus, we aimed to examine factors associated with esophageal dilatation in IPF patients.  Methods: Retrospective cross-sectional review at a private and public hospital. Subjects had a classic usual interstitial pneumonitis pattern on computed tomography (CT) scan, no serologic evidence of connective tissue disease, and no other associated causes of interstitial lung disease. We performed logistic regression on the presence of esophageal dilatation on CT using pulmonary function test (PFT) results within three months of the scan, as well as demographic factors.  Results: The 30 subjects were predominantly male (73%), Hispanic (63%), and from a private hospital setting (73%). Mean PFT results for FEV1, forced vital capacity, and diffusion of carbon monoxide (DLCO) were 75, 64, and 39 percent of predicted, respectively. 14 patients (47%) had esophageal dilatation on CT. Factors associated with esophageal dilatation included male sex (odds ratio [OR] 7.93, p=0.07), lower DLCO (OR 2.18 per 10-percent decrease, p=0.06), and public hospital setting (OR 16.95, p=0.06).  Discussion: Lower DLCO and male sex are associated with esophageal dilatation on CT scans of IPF patients, and patient-specific factors at a public hospital (race, socioeconomic status, education) might play a role as well. These risk factors might prompt clinicians to search for esophageal dilatation and resultant GER that might accelerate the progression of IPF.
The problems of mankind
Authors: Des Spence
Journal: BMJ (2009)

A box of chocolates underarm and a top I know she will be taking back—this is last minute “man shopping.” She always said we married on her birthday so that I would have only one date to forget, but these days my daughter has to remind me. Likewise I had forgotten that last week was international men’s health week. Figures have been released showing a large disparity in cancer mortality between men and women in the United Kingdom and a four year shorter life expectancy for …
High-dose multimodality therapy with autologous stem-cell support for stage IIIB breast carcinoma.
Authors: L J Ayash, A Elias, J Ibrahim, G Schwartz, C Wheeler, E Reich, C Lynch, D Warren, C Shapiro, P Richardson, D Hurd, L Schnipper, E Frei, K Antman
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (1998)

PURPOSE Women with locally unresectable and inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC) have an approximately 30% 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate with conventional multimodality therapy. A short but dose-intensive multimodality phase II trial was designed in an attempt to improve outcome in stage IIIB disease. Mastectomy was performed after high-dose therapy to evaluate pathologic response to treatment. METHODS Women with newly diagnosed disease received four 2-week cycles of doxorubicin 90 mg/m2 with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), followed by cyclophosphamide 6,000 mg/m2, thiotepa 500 mg/m2, and carboplatin 800 mg/m2 (CTCb) with marrow and peripheral-blood progenitor cell (PBPC) support. Local therapy consisted of mastectomy and radiotherapy. Tamoxifen (5 years) was begun if the patient was estrogen receptor-positive (ER+). RESULTS Fifty women (46 stage IIIB [91% IBC], four stage IIIA) entered the study and 47 are assessable. Ten had mastectomy before any systemic therapy (seven with pathologic IBC, three with residual tumor after mastectomy). Eighty percent received full-dose doxorubicin with 60% on schedule. Clinical response rates to induction were 15% complete response (CR), 5% very good partial response (VGPR), 59% partial response (PR), and 21% minor response (MR)/stable disease (SD). Mastectomy after CTCb in 37 patients showed a 14% pathologic CR rate, 29% microscopic foci in breast and/or axilla, and 57% gross tumor. Fifteen (32%) patients have relapsed (median, 17 months post-CTCb). The 30-month DFS is estimated at 64%. For those in pathologic CR, with microscopic, or with gross disease remaining after CTCb, the 30-month DFS is estimated at 100%, 70%, and 38%, respectively. Those with zero, one to three, or &gt; or = four positive nodes at axillary dissection had a median DFS of 31, 18, and 13 months, respectively. CONCLUSION This short but dose-intensive multimodality approach for stage IIIB breast carcinoma is feasible with encouraging results to date.
The Association between Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Vascular Disease
Authors: Richard B. Hubbard, Chris Smith, Ivan Le Jeune, Jonathan Gribbin, Andrew W. Fogarty
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2008)

Rationale: Previous studies have suggested that people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) may be at increased risk of vascular disease.Objectives: To quantify the risk of cardiovascular disease before and after a diagnosis of IPF.Methods: We used computerized primary care data from the Health Improvement Network to quantify the relative risk of having a cardiovascular event (acute coronary syndrome, angina, atrial fibrillation, deep-vein thrombosis, and cerebrovascular accident) either before or after having a diagnosis of IPF in comparison to age, sex, and community-matched general population control subjects.Measurements and Main Results: Our study included 920 incident case subjects of IPF (mean age at diagnosis, 71 yr; 62% male) and 3,593 matched control subjects. There was an increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (odds ratio [OR], 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–2.03), angina (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.48–2.29) and deep-vein thrombosis (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.13–3.48) in the period before the diagnosis of IPF. During the follow-up period, there was a marked increased risk of acute coronary syndrome (rate ratio [RR], 3.14; 95%CI, 2.02–4.87) and deep-vein thrombosis (RR, 3.39; 95% CI, 1.57–7.28). None of these estimates were confounded by smoking habit or modified by age or sex.Conclusions: People with IPF have an increased risk of vascular disease in comparison with the general population. This effect is most marked for acute coronary syndrome and deep-vein thrombosis after the diagnosis of IPF has been made.
Effect of body mass index on lung function in children
Authors: Fabio Cibella, Andreina Bruno, Giuseppina Cuttitta, Stefania La Grutta, Mario Melis, Salvatore Bucchieri, Giuliana Ferrante, Silvia Ruggieri, Giovanni Viegi
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2012)

Asthma and obesity are important health issues in industrialized countries and obesity is a risk factor for asthma. Our study was aimed at investigating the effect of body mass index (BMI) on lung function in a large sample of healthy children enrolled in two cross-sectional surveys performed on random samples of children, aged 10-17 years, living in the city of Palermo, Southern Italy. At school, all the subjects completed self-administered questionnaires regarding past and current respiratory symptoms and personal information, and performed spirometry. On a total of 3,200 children, 807 reporting wheeze ever, nocturnal cough, or exercise-induced cough were excluded from the analysis. 2,393 subjects (49% M) were evaluated. Height-adjusted lung function measures were plotted against BMI Z-score for each gender and age class, and slope values were computed by linear regression analysis. Height-adjusted FVC and FEV 1  were positively correlated to BMI Z-score in both males and females. Slope values (L/BMI Z-score unit) were 0.057 in males and 0.114 in females for FVC and 0.022 and 0.072 for FEV 1  respectively, being significantly steeper among females in each age class. FEV 1 /FVC ratio was inversely correlated to BMI Z-score with similar slope values for male and females. FEF 25-75% /FVC ratio was negatively correlated to BMI Z-score: the slope values were steeper among females in each age group. In conclusion, despite both FVC and FEV 1  are positively correlated to BMI, their disproportionate increase as BMI increases could cause a reduction of relative airway size as measured by the FEF 25-75% /FVC at higher BMI values. This could, at least in part, contribute to the reported association between overweight-obesity and asthma.
Risk Factors for Airway Remodeling in Asthma Manifested by a Low Postbronchodilator FEV<sub>1</sub>/Vital Capacity Ratio
Authors: Finn Rasmussen, D. Robin Taylor, Erin M. Flannery, Jan O. Cowan, Justina M. Greene, G. Peter Herbison, Malcolm R. Sears
Journal: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine (2002)

Airway remodeling may lead to irreversible loss of lung function in asthma. The impact of childhood asthma, airway responsiveness, atopy, and smoking on airway remodeling was investigated in a birth cohort studied longitudinally to age 26. A low postbronchodilator ratio of forced exhaled volume in 1 second (FEV1) to vital capacity (VC) at age 18 or 26 was used as a marker of airway remodeling. "Normal" study members with no history of asthma ever, no wheezing in the last year, and no smoking ever were used to determine sex- and age-specific reference values for this ratio. The lower limit of normal was defined as the mean ratio minus 1.96 standard deviation, delimiting the 2.5% of the normal population with the lowest FEV1/VC ratio. A low postbronchodilator FEV1/VC ratio was found in 7.4% and 6.4% of study members at ages 18 and age 26 and 4.6% at both assessments. Lung function was low throughout childhood in those with a consistently low postbronchodilator FEV1/VC ratio at both ages. Those with consistently low postbronchodilator ratios also showed a greater decline in the prebronchodilator FEV1/VC ratio from ages 9 to 26 compared with those with normal postbronchodilator ratios at both ages (males, -12% versus -6%, p < 0.0001; females, -10.5% versus -5.5%, p < 0.01). Asthma, male sex, airway hyperresponsiveness, and low lung function in childhood were each independently associated with a low postbronchodilator FEV1/VC ratio, which in turn was associated with an accelerated decline in lung function and decreased reversibility. These data suggest that airway remodeling in asthma, as manifested by impaired lung function, begins in childhood and continues into adult life.
Cellular Retention of 9-β-d-Arabinofuranosyladenine 5′-Triphosphate and the Pattern of Recovery of DNA Synthesis in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells
Authors: Donna S. Shewach, William Plunkett
Journal: Cancer Research (1986)

The factors associated with the recovery of DNA synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary cells after inhibition with 9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine have been investigated. Maintenance of cellular concentrations of the active metabolite 9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine 5′-triphosphate was dependent upon a constant exogenous source of 9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine, without which the triphosphate rapidly degraded. DNA synthesis was inhibited maximally at cellular concentrations of 9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine 5′-triphosphate in excess of 100 µm, but it recovered substantially as the triphosphate concentrations declined below 30 µm. Autoradiographic studies indicated that 9-β-d-arabinofuranosyladenine had a synchronizing effect on the cells and that recovery of DNA synthesis occurred initially at rates much reduced from those seen in uninhibited cells. A greater portion of an inhibited population recovered DNA synthesis than was able to retain clonogenic potential. These results are consistent with a mechanism of toxicity that postulates recovery of DNA synthesis as a requisite for the loss of viability.
Phase I safety data of lenalidomide, bortezomib, dexamethasone, and elotuzumab as induction therapy for newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma: SWOG S1211
Authors: S Z Usmani, R Sexton, S Ailawadhi, J J Shah, J Valent, M Rosenzweig, B Lipe, J A Zonder, S Fredette, B Durie, A Hoering, B Bartlett, R Z Orlowski
Journal: Blood Cancer Journal (2015)

Phase I safety data of lenalidomide, bortezomib, dexamethasone, and elotuzumab as induction therapy for newly diagnosed symptomatic multiple myeloma: SWOG S1211