tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 54: The Impedance Cardiogram as an Indicator of Chest Compression Efficacy During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in a Porcine Model: Correlation with Physiological Parameters and Comparison with Compression Depth and Thrust
Authors: Andrew J Howe, Rebecca Di Maio, Paul Crawford, David Brody, Cesar Navarro, David McEneaney, Eddie Clutton, John Anderson, Jennifer Adgey
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Introduction The 2010 AHA resuscitation guidelines re-emphasised the importance of chest compressions as the cornerstone of effective CPR. In an attempt to improve chest compression efficacy numerous CPR feedback devices have been developed and have demonstrated their utility in improving guideline compliant CPR but not patient outcomes. The impedance cardiogram (ICG) provides a non-invasive measure of haemodynamic status and has been investigated as an additional method of improving CPR. Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between chest compression thrust, depth and ICG amplitude during CPR and establish their correlation with invasive physiological measurements. Materials and methods Ethical approval for this study was granted by the Northern Ireland Home Office. A total of 12 porcine models were used weighing mean 31kg. Anaesthesia was achieved with intravenous propofol and inhaled isoflourane. Ventricular fibrillation was induced using a pacing wire inserted into the right ventricle. CPR was administered using the HLR-201®, Michigan Instruments. The Impedance Cardiogram (ICG) was recorded via 2 standard defibrillation electrodes. Depth (cm), thrust (kg), end-tidal CO 2 (kPa), systolic blood pressure (mmHg), carotid flow (ml/min) and cardiac output (L/min) were measured at 2 minute intervals for each model. Results There is a strong correlation between ICG amplitude and physiological parameters, comparable to correlations achieved with compression depth and thrust. (Table 1) Table 1: Summary of correlations between physiological parameters and ICG, compression depth and thrust during CPR Conclusions The ICG amplitude provides an additional measurement of CPR efficacy with physiological correlations comparable to both chest compression thrust and depth. This non-invasive measurement could be exploited in the development of new CPR feedback algorithms for automated external defibrillators.
Use of the ErbB2/CEP17 ratio to predict prognosis and response to trastuzumab-based therapy in the metastatic breast cancer setting
Authors: E. Fuchs, W. Köstler, R. Horvath, G. Hudelist, E. Kubista, J. Attems, C. Zielinski, C. F. Singer
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2009)

11110 Background: Despite patient selection based upon detection of Her-2/neu overexpression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and/or presence of amplification of the Her-2/neu-encoding erbB2 oncogene measured by FISH, response to trastuzumab-based therapy is only achieved in a subset of patients with Her-2/neu overexpressing breast carcinomas. Exact quantification of erbB2 copy-number relative to chromosome 17 (CEP17) (ErbB2/CEP17 ratio “R”) probably adds further important predictive information. Methods: Clinical data of 137 patients receiving trastuzumab based treatment for Her-2/neu overexpressing (IHC) metastatic breast cancer were analysed. ErbB2/CEP17 ratio (R) was determined by quantitative FISH analysis in original tumor tissue using Vysis PathVysion DNA-based FISH technology. Results: ErbB2/CEP17 (R) provided additional predictive value for progression free survival (PFS) and time to first metastasis (TTM), but not for overall survival (OS) (all from start of trastuzumab containing treatment). The following cutoffs of Her-2/neu were identified: group A: 0–2.2 R (TTM: 49.8; OS: 6.7; PFS: 6.2); group B: 2.2- 6 R (TTM: 26.2; OS: 5.3; PFS: 9.3); group C: &gt;6 CN (TTM: 20.1; OS: 3.9; PFS: 13.7) Kaplan-Maier analysis showed significant longer TTM for group A (p&lt;0.01 vs. B/C), significant longer PFS for group C (p&lt;0.01 vs. A/B). Significant differences in complete response (B/C: 16.9% vs C:44.4%), partial response (B/C: 20.2% vs. C: 33.3%) and progressive disease (B/C: 27% vs. 11.1%) were noted. No significant difference in overall survival between the groups was seen. Conclusions: ErbB/CEP17 R provides important prognostic information and, in metastatic patients, allows one to better predict response to trastuzumab-based treatment than the widely used binary classification of ErbB2 amplification that is based on a cut-off at a copy number of &gt;2.2. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 2185: The Relative Strength of C-Reactive Protein and Lipid Levels as Predictors of Ischemic Stroke as Compared to Coronary Heart Disease
Authors: Brendan M Everett, Tobias Kurth, Julie E Buring, Paul M Ridker
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction: While high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and lipid levels are established risk determinants for vascular disease, the relative strength of these biomarkers for ischemic strok...
Abstract 2874: Is it Time to Revisit Current Guidelines? A New Algorithm to Identify High-Risk Asymptomatic WPW Subjects for Prophylactic Ablation of Accessory Pathways
Authors: Carlo Pappone, Andrea Radinovic, Simone Sala, Francesco Manguso, Gabriele Vicedomini, Patrizio Mazzone, Giuseppe Augello, Alessandra Marzi, Enrico Frigoli, Vincenzo Santinelli
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Abstract 10520: Cardiac-Specific Overexpression of High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction Induced By Pressure Overload
Authors: Akira Funayama, Tetsuro Shishido, Shunsuke Netsu, Mitsunori Ishino, Yoichiro Otaki, Shintaro Honda, Hiromasa Hasegawa, Shinpei Kadowaki, Taro Narumi, Satoshi Nishiyama, Hiroki Takahashi, Takanori Arimoto, Takehiko Miyashita, Takuya Miyamoto, Tetsu Watanabe, Chang-Hoon Woo, Jun-ichi Abe, Koichiro Kuwahara, Kazuwa Nakao, Yasuchika Takeishi, Isao Kubota
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background: High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) is as an abundant and ubiquitous nuclear DNA-binding protein that has multiple functions dependent on its cellular location. In the nucleus, HMGB1 bind...
Abstract 13120: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy with Longevity into the Tenth Decade of Life
Authors: Barry J Maron, Sue A Casey, Tammy S Haas, Carrie Kitner, Ross Garberich
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Background. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common cause of sudden death in the young, but survival to particularly advanced age is less well appreciated. Methods. We report the prevalence, clinical features and demographics of HCM patients surviving to the age of 90 years or older, identified by interrogation of the HCM Center database (Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation). Results. Of the 1297 HCM patients, 26 (2.0%) had achieved the age of at least 90 years; 18 (69%) were women. Age at HCM diagnosis was 61 to 92 years (≥75 years in 21), with disease recognition under fortuitous circumstances by detection of a heart murmur or during family screening (n = 6), or after onset of new symptoms (n = 20). At most recent evaluation (or death) patients were 90.0 to 96.7 years of age (mean 92.2 ± 2), with 6 presently alive at 90 to 96 years of age; HCM did not appear to be the primary cause of demise in any patient. Maximum LV wall thicknesses were 15-31 mm (mean 20 ± 3 mm); 8 patients (31%) had ...
Abstract 3571: 20-Year Prospective Associations between Selected Lipid Parameters in Young Adulthood and Subsequent Measures of Subclinical Atherosclerosis
Authors: Heather Gage, Kiang Liu, Laura Colangelo, Allan Sniderman, Donald M Lloyd-Jones
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background: The role of apolipoproteins in prediction of clinical CVD remains controversial. Data are sparse regarding their longitudinal associations and predictive utility for subclinical atheros...
Abstract 11330: Predictors of Response to Intracoronary Delivery of CD34+CXCR4+ Enriched Bone Marrow Derived Stem Cells (AMR-001) Early After STEMI
Authors: Jonathan Sackner-Bernstein, Arshed Quyyumi, Robert Preti, Thomas Moss, John Oshinski, James Galt, Edmund Waller, Douglas Vaughan, Dean Kereiakes, Emerson Perin, Steven Krivicich, Andrew Pecora
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background. High dose CD34+/CXCR4+ stem cells improve myocardial perfusion when administered via the infarct related artery early after STEMI by homing to hypoxic tissue in response to stromal deri...
A Simple Score, Based On Geriatric Assessment, Improves Prediction of Survival, and Risk Of Serious Adverse Events In Elderly Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients
Authors: Alessandra Larocca, Sara Bringhen, Andrea Evangelista, Massimo Offidani, Stelvio Ballanti, Alfonso Zaccaria, Norbert Pescosta, Vittorio Montefusco, Luca De Rosa, Angelo Michele Carella, Luca Baldini, Massimo Aglietta, Iolanda Donatella Vincelli, Roberto Marasca, Sara Pezzati, Patrizia Tosi, Federica Cocito, Mariella Grasso, Giuseppe Fioritoni, Vincenzo Pavone, Pellegrino Musto, Sara Grammatico, Paola Omedè, Francesca Gay, Giovannino Ciccone, Mario Boccadoro, Antonio Palumbo
Journal: Blood (2013)
Abstract 12725: The Role of Hypertension in Black-White Disparities in Angiographic Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Matthew A Triplette, Joseph S Rossi, Anthony J Viera, Mauricio G Cohen, Donald E Pathman
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Introduction: Despite higher cardiovascular mortality, black patients are less likely to have significant angiographic disease than whites. The etiology of this paradox remains unclear. A potential explanation is the differential impact of hypertension between these two race groups; the effects of hypertension, particularly on the heart, are greater in blacks than whites, and hypertensive heart disease may mimic coronary artery disease (CAD) and lead to catheterization despite a lack of underlying vessel stenosis. Hypothesis: We tested the hypothesis that hypertension is associated with the black-white differences in CAD in patients undergoing elective angiography. Methods: We analyzed clinical and angiographic data for patients undergoing a first elective angiography in 2001–2008 at an academic hospital. We compared rates of angiographic disease for blacks and whites, adjusted for baseline differences and stratified according to hypertension history. We then tested for interaction between race and hypert...
Abstract 1868: Real-Time Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Evaluation of Prosthetic Valves: Initial Experience with a Matrix Transesophageal Transducer
Authors: Stanton K Shernan, Lissa Sugeng, Lynn Weinert, Doug Shook, Frank DuPont, Victor Mor-Avi, Roberto M Lang
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background. Echocardiographic evaluation of prosthetic valves may be confounded by the inability to obtain en-face views with optimal resolution. 2D scanning with a multiplane probe and subsequent ...
Abstract 5: A New Miniaturized Chest Compressor
Authors: Hao Wang, Giuseppe Ristagno, Ler Huang, Shijie Sun, Wanchun Tang, Max H Weil
Journal: Circulation (2006)

Introduction. After prolonged cardiac arrest, uninterrupted chest compression with restoration of myocardial blood flow facilitates defibrillation (2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR, Circulation 2005 ; 112 : 24 ). We recognized that such may best be accomplished with a mechanical device and especially so during transport. We therefore sought a lightweight, portable chest compressor which may be carried on the belt of the first response rescuer. This device contrasts with currently available large devices with high energy requirements. Hypothesis. A Miniaturized Pneumatic Chest Compressor (MCC) weighing less than 2 kg will be as effective as the standard “Thumper” for restoring circulation during CPR. Methods. In 10 domestic male pigs weighing 40 ± 2 kg, ventricular fibrillation (VF) was electrically induced and untreated for 5 minutes. Animals were randomized to receive chest compressions with either the MCC or a Thumper R (Model 1000, Michigan Instruments, Grand Rapids, MI) after 5 minutes of untreated cardiac arrest. After 5 minutes of mechanical chest compression, defibrillation was attempted with a 150 J biphasic precordial shock. Coronary perfusion pressure (CPP) and ETCO 2 were measured by conventional techniques together with right carotid artery blood flow (CBF) utilizing an ultransonic flowprobe. Results. Each animal compressed with the MCC and 4 of 5 animals compressed with Thumper R were successfully resuscitated. No significant differences in CPP or ETCO 2 were observed between groups (Table ). Conclusions. The Miniaturized Chest Compressor of small dimension and weight is as effective as the conventional Thumper for maintaining forward blood flow during CPR. (Patent in favour of the Weil Institute is pending)
Abstract 2852: Cystatin C is an Independent Predictor of Sudden Cardiac Death among Elderly Persons
Authors: Rajat Deo, Ronit Katz, Nona Sotoodehnia, Linda F Fried, Mark Sarnak, Michel Chonchol, Bryan Kestenbaum, Bruce Psaty, David Siscovick, Michael G Shlipak
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Background - Cystatin C is a novel measure of kidney function that is superior to estimated glomerular filtration rate in predicting cardiovascular disease. Objective - We evaluated whether kidney function was an independent predictor of sudden cardiac death (SCD) risk. Methods - Subjects were participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study. Measures of kidney function were cystatin C and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). SCD was defined as a sudden pulseless condition from a cardiac origin in a previously stable individual occurring out of the hospital or in the emergency room. Results - Among the 5157 participants, there were 156 adjudicated SCD events over a median follow-up of 11.2 years. The incidence of SCD events increased across cystatin C quintiles: 0.15% per year in quintile 1, 0.27% per year in quintile 2, 0.32% per year in quintile 3, 0.42% per year in quintile 4, and 0.53% per year in quintile 5. In addition, the rate of SCD events increased as eGFR decreased (0.28% per year among those with eGFR ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 and 0.49% per year among those with eGFR &lt; 60 ml/min/1.73m 2 . SCD risk increased across cystatin C quintiles after multivariate adjustment with a greater than two fold odds of risk in the highest quintiles compared to the lowest [HR = 1.62, 95% CI (0.86 –3.07) in quintile 2; HR = 1.81, 95% CI (0.96 –3.39) in quintile 3; HR = 2.29, 95% CI (1.24 – 4.22) in quintile 4; HR = 2.28, 95% CI (1.21– 4.30)] in quintile 5]. Low eGFR was predictive of SCD risk in unadjusted analysis [HR = 1.72, 95% CI (1.20 –2.47)] but did not achieve statistical significance after multivariate analysis [1.33, 95% CI (0.91–1.92)]. High cystatin C concentrations remained predictive of SCD risk even among participants without chronic kidney disease after multivariate analysis [HR = 1.84, 95% CI (1.18 –2.86)]. Finally, we noted excess SCD risk occurred in the 1633 participants with prevalent or incident MI or CHF; although, elevated cystatin C concentrations still remained predictive of SCD events in those without prevalent or incident cardiovascular disease (p for interaction = 0.05). Conclusions - Cystatin C is a sensitive measure of kidney function that is an independent predictor of SCD risk among elderly persons.
Abstract 1436: CYP2J2 Endothelial Overexpression Increases Nitric Oxide and Cyclooxygenase Independent Renal Dilation and Attenuates Endothelin-1 Vasoconstriction
Authors: John D Imig, Craig R Lee, Alyce Bradbury, Joan P Graves, Laura M DeGraff, Julie Foley, Darryl C Zeldin
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Human CYP2J2 is expressed in endothelial cells and active in the biosynthesis of epoxyeico-satrienoic acids (EETs). However, the functional role of CYP2J2 and its products in the renal vasculature remain poorly characterized. To address this, we developed transgenic (Tr) mice with constitutive, endothelial cell-specific expression of human CYP2J2 ( Tie2 promoter and full enhancer) and enhanced EET biosynthesis. Experiments were conducted in the juxtamedullary nephron preparation to determine renal microvascular responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and endothelin-1 in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr mice and wild type (Wt) littermate controls. Administration of phenylephrine to kidney perfusate decreased the diameter of afferent arterioles from 20.1±0.5 to 13.9±0.6 μm (n=21) in Wt mice and 19.4±0.6 to 13.5±0.6 μm (n=23) in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr mice. Following phenylephrine, the afferent arteriole diameter response to ACh (0.01nM-10μM) was determined. There was a leftward shift in the logEC50 in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr mice (−6.5±0.2, n=13) compared to Wt mice (−6.1±0.2, n=11). However, the maximal afferent arteriolar relaxation to ACh was decreased in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr mice (59±6%) compared to Wt mice (70±7%, p=0.12). Endothelial expression of CYP2J2 increased the maximal renal vascular response to ACh in the presence of nitric oxide synthase (100μM L-NAME) and cyclooxygenase (10μM indomethacin) inhibition. Afferent arterioles relaxed by 27±4% (n=12) in Wt mice and 44±6% (n=10, p=0.018) in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr mice (10μM ACh). The afferent arteriolar dose response curve to endothelin-1 (0.001–10nM) was significantly attenuated in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr compared to Wt mice. Afferent arteriolar diameter decreased by 24±4% (n=6) in Wt mice and 13±2% (n=5, p=0.023) in Tie2 -CYP2J2 Tr mice (3nM endothelin-1). These results demonstrate that the nitric oxide- and cyclooxygenase-independent afferent arteriolar dilation to ACh is enhanced by endothelial overexpression of CYP2J2, and endothelin-1 mediated constriction is attenuated. In conclusion, endothelial overexpression of CYP2J2 can oppose renal vascular constrictor responses and enhance dilator responses in mice, implicating the important role of CYP2J2-derived eicosanoids in the regulation of vascular tone.
Abstract 1324: Endothelial Stem Cell Detection in vivo with Unique Perfluorocarbon Nanoparticle Labels Using Fluorine (19F) MRI at 1.5 T
Authors: Anne M Neubauer, Kathy C Partlow, Shelton D Caruthers, Jason Brant, Frank D Hockett, Junjie Chen, Jan Nolta, Gregory M Lanza, Samuel A Wickline
Journal: Circulation (2006)
Inherited Deficiency of the Seventh Component of Complement Associated with Nephritis
Authors: G. R. Nemerow, H. Gewurz, S. G. Osofsky, T. F. Lint
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1978)

A 46-yr-old female with chronic pyelonephritis was found to lack complement (C) activity by the use of hemolytic screen assays in agarose gels. These assays also revealed a propensity of patient serum to form an activated complex of the fifth and sixth components of C, C5̄6̄. Each of the C component hemolytic activities was present in normal or elevated amounts with the exception of C7, which was undetectable; addition of purified C7 led to the restoration of hemolytic activity. C-dependent phagocytosis, immune adherence, and neutrophil chemotaxis were normal. Family studies demonstrated that the defect was transmitted as an autosomal codominant apparently not linked with alleles at the HLA-A or HLA-B loci. Persisting C5̄6̄ was readily formed in this as compared to normal serum upon incubation with multiple C activators including zymosan, inulin, immune complexes, heat-aggregated human gamma globulin, endotoxin, and agarose. A heat-stable (56°C, 30 min) activity which consumed C7 with time-and temperature-dependent kinetics was detected in plasma and serum, and seemed to be similar to a “C7 inactivator” previously described in another C7-deficient individual. However, this activity was found to have properties identical to those of C5̄6̄ during low ionic strength precipitation and chromatography on Sephadex G-200, to be specifically removed upon passage through an anti-C5 immunoadsorbent column, and to be associated with a small amount of C5̄6̄, suggesting that it represents an expression of small amounts of C5̄6̄ rather than a new C-inhibitory activity. Thus, an individual with chronic nephritis lacking C7 is reported; the utility of a hemolytic screen assay in agarose plates for the detection of such patients is emphasized; persisting C5̄6̄ is shown readily to be formed in this serum; and the presence of C7-consuming activity which is associated with and in all likelihood attributable to C5̄6̄ is shown.
Growing pains
Authors: Felicity Goodyear-Smith, Bruce Arroll
Journal: BMJ (2006)

home from an observation unit without being scanned.Two subjective issues would need to be dealt with by qualitative research: the degree to which patients are reassured by (unnecessary) imaging thereby preventing re-attendance, and the degree to which doctors' (possibly irrational) fears of medicolegal consequences of not imaging can be assuaged.
Transduction of Murine Bone Marrow Cells With an MDR1 Vector Enables Ex Vivo Stem Cell Expansion, but These Expanded Grafts Cause a Myeloproliferative Syndrome in Transplanted Mice
Authors: Kevin D. Bunting, Jacques Galipeau, David Topham, Ely Benaim, Brian P. Sorrentino
Journal: Blood (1998)
Abstract 1672: Glomerular Insufficiency, An Early Marker Of Renal Dysfunction In Patients With A Fontan Circulation.
Authors: Hui Beng Koh, Brian Stedman, Mary Rogerson, Gruschen Veldtman
Journal: Circulation (2007)

Introduction : Fontan circulations have high central venous pressures and low dynamic cardiac output, risk factors for depressed renal perfusion. Objectives : Hypothesizing subclinical renal dysfunction, we sought to characterize renal pathophysiology and cardio-renal interaction in this group. Method: 17 Fontan patients were tested for early morning urine cystatin C, alpha-1-microglobulin (A 1 M), retinol binding protein (RBP), protein:creatinine and albumin:creatinine ratio; serum cystatin C (S.Cys-C) and creatinine; echocardiography including Tissue Doppler (TDI); and renal Doppler. Results : 6 (mean age 22.8 ± 5.0years) of 17 patients (mean age 23.5 ± 4.2years) had subclinical renal dysfunction, mean S.Cys-C-derived glomerular filtration rate (GFR S.Cys-C ) 77.31 ± 7.82ml/min/1.73m 2 , vs. 114.21 ± 36.38ml/min/1.73m 2 in the remainder. Whilst GFR S.Cys-C correlated highly with 2-D visual assessment of systemic ventricular function (correlation=0.618; p=0.014) this was not the case for any TDI parameters. Tubular function indices (urine cystatin C, RBP and A 1 M) were normal. Glomerular function indices were abnormal for S.Cys-C, with mean 1.04 ± 0.06mg/L, range 0.97–1.11mg/L; (normal range:0.53–0.95mg/L). Gross morphological renal abnormalities included 3 abnormal bipolar sizes in both right (mean 9.13 ± 0.49cm) and left (mean 9.38 ± 0.66cm) kidneys (normal range&gt;10cm), 6 and 5 abnormal renal cortical thicknesses in right (mean 11.61 ± 1.27mm) and left (mean 12.31 ± 0.92mm) kidneys respectively (normal range&gt;13mm) and 1 mild scarring of the right kidney. Abnormal resistive indices were present in the right kidney of 3 patients (mean 0.79 ± 0.01, range 0.78–0.80), and in the left kidney of 2 patients (mean 0.83 ± 0.02, range 0.81–0.84). Patients with abnormal resistive indices (&gt;0.77) had lower arterial saturations (mean 88.67 ± 2.08%, range 87–91% vs. mean 94.77 ± 2.46%, range 90–97% in those without) and higher haematocrit (mean 0.49 ± 0.01L/L, range 0.48–0.49L/L vs. mean 0.46 ± 0.03L/L, range 0.42–0.52L/L in those without). Conclusion : Fontan patients often have subclinical renal dysfunction mainly due to glomerular insufficiency. Ventricular function, cyanosis and polycythemia appear to be important drivers for renal dysfunction.