tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Dynamic regulation of genome-wide pre-mRNA splicing and stress tolerance by the Sm-like protein LSm5 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Peng Cui, Shoudong Zhang, Feng Ding, Shahjahan Ali, Liming Xiong
Journal: Genome biology (2014)

Abstract Background Sm-like proteins are highly conserved proteins that form the core of the U6 ribonucleoprotein and function in several mRNA metabolism processes, including pre-mRNA splicing. Despite their wide occurrence in all eukaryotes, little is known about the roles of Sm-like proteins in the regulation of splicing. Results Here, through comprehensive transcriptome analyses, we demonstrate that depletion of the Arabidopsis supersensitive to abscisic acid and drought 1 gene ( SAD1 ), which encodes Sm-like protein 5 (LSm5), promotes an inaccurate selection of splice sites that leads to a genome-wide increase in alternative splicing. In contrast, overexpression of SAD1 strengthens the precision of splice-site recognition and globally inhibits alternative splicing. Further, SAD1 modulates the splicing of stress-responsive genes, particularly under salt-stress conditions. Finally, we find that overexpression of SAD1 in Arabidopsis improves salt tolerance in transgenic plants, which correlates with an increase in splicing accuracy and efficiency for stress-responsive genes. Conclusions We conclude that SAD1 dynamically controls splicing efficiency and splice-site recognition in Arabidopsis , and propose that this may contribute to SAD1 -mediated stress tolerance through the metabolism of transcripts expressed from stress-responsive genes. Our study not only provides novel insights into the function of Sm-like proteins in splicing, but also uncovers new means to improve splicing efficiency and to enhance stress tolerance in a higher eukaryote.
The Door That Opened Wide
Authors: W. Montague Cobb
Journal: JAMA (1987)

"THE Door That Stayed Closed" is the title of the second chapter of a small book that I wrote entitled<i>The First Negro Medical Society</i>, published in 1939.<sup>1</sup>The chapter describes the unsuccessful efforts of black physicians, with the aid of their white supporters, to gain admission to the Medical Society of the District of Columbia (MSDC) from 1869 to 1872.<sup>2</sup>After the stormy controversy of this period, the door to membership remained closed to black physicians for 83 years, until 1952.<sup>3</sup> During this time, the door was tried three times. The first attempt to gain membership occurred during what might be called the normal course of events. Howard University was chartered by Congress in 1867 and the medical school opened its doors the following year with eight students and five teachers. One teacher was black, Dr Alexander Thomas Augusta, who had been breveted a lieutenant colonel,
Response to Tubocurarine Chloride and Its Reversal by Neostigmine Methylsulfate in Man
Authors: Phillip O. Bridenbaugh
Journal: JAMA (1968)

Thirty patients undergoing surgery were given tubocurarine chloride on a body-weight basis and were monitored electromyographically. Reversal of the neuromuscular blockage was then accomplished with incremental doses of neostigmine methylsulfate. The authors also reviewed a previous study in which the tubocurarine-induced neuromuscular blockage was reversed with neostigmine administered from 3 to 90 minutes after the tubocurarine. No precise relationship between a dose of tubocurarine based on body weight and the final degree of paralysis was observed. The optimum dose of neostigmine required to establish the complete reversal of severe neuromuscular blockade due to tubocurarine would appear to be in the region of 4 to 5 mg. This reversal can be achieved satisfactorily even when the time interval between the relaxant and antidote is only a few minutes.
World's most vulnerable are being left behind in efforts to reach millennium development goals, says UN chief
Authors: J. Zarocostas
Journal: BMJ (2011)

Despite major advances that have lifted millions of people out of poverty and saved the lives of countless children, reaching all the United Nations’ millennium development goals by 2015 poses daunting challenges, Ban Ki-moon, the UN chief, said this week.

“Progress tends to bypass those who are lowest on the economic ladder or are otherwise disadvantaged because of their sex, age, disability, or ethnicity,” he said. 

During the launch in Geneva of the Millennium Development Goals Report 2011 , the UN secretary general said that the work to meet the targets has already reduced numbers of maternal deaths, increased access to clean water, and freed many people from …
Targeted Nanoprobes Reveal Early Time Point Kinetics <i>In Vivo</i> by Time-Resolved MRI
Authors: Ashwinkumar Bhirde, Ning Guo, Xiaoyuan Chen
Journal: Theranostics (2011)

This commentary highlights the findings by Kessinger et al. (Theranostics 2011; 1: 263-275) that dynamic T(2)*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cyclic RGD peptide-encoded superparamagnetic polymeric micelle (SPPM) nanoparticles allows quantitative analysis of tumor integrin αvβ3 expression, which can exclude the effect of blood volume and extravascular signal components and thus provide less biased tumor contrast and receptor specificity of probes.
Unlinked anonymous HIV screening programme in England and Wales
Authors: J E Banatvala
Journal: BMJ (1995)

The most recent report summarising the results of the unlinked anonymous monitoring of the prevalence of HIV infection in England and Wales illuminates many aspects of the current epidemiology of HIV-1 infection.1 2 These include the continuing transmission of HIV-1 among homosexual and bisexual men, including recently infected younger men who should have benefited from specifically targeted preventive measures; the fact that injecting drug users continue to share needles and syringes; the high prevalence among heterosexual men and women attending genitourinary medicine clinics; and the rising prevalence among pregnant women in London. Also particularly worrying is the high proportion of infected people who are unaware of their HIV status. Knowledge of positivity seems to be inversely proportional to perceived risk: thus among people attending genitourinary medicine clinics about 70% of homosexual and bisexual men and 35% of heterosexual men and women who were infected knew that they were, while less than 15% of pregnant women were aware of their infection.

The programme's success has depended on the …
Mild asthma: an expert review on epidemiology, clinical characteristics and treatment recommendations
Authors: D. Dusser, D. Montani, P. Chanez, J. De Blic, C. Delacourt, A. Deschildre, P. Devillier, A. Didier, C. Leroyer, C. Marguet, Y. Martinat, J. Piquet, C. Raherison, P. Serrier, I. Tillie‐Leblond, A.‐B. Tonnel, M. T. de Lara, M. Humbert
Journal: Allergy (2007)

This review is the synthesis of a working group on mild asthma. Mild asthma includes intermittent and persistent mild asthma according to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) classification, and affects between 50% and 75% of asthmatic patients. Mild asthma is more frequent, more symptomatic, and less well controlled in children than in adults. Cohort studies from childhood to adulthood show that asthma severity usually remains stable over time. Nevertheless, mild asthma can lead to severe exacerbations, with a frequency ranging from 0.12 to 0.77 per patient‐year. Severe exacerbations in mild asthma represent 30–40% of asthma exacerbations requiring emergency consultation. In mild asthma, inflammation and structural remodelling are constant, of varying intensity, but nonspecific. Therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) decreases bronchial inflammation, but has only a slight effect on structural remodelling, and, when stopped, inflammation immediately recurs. Permanent low‐dose ICS therapy is the reference treatment for persistent mild asthma. Effectiveness is to be reassessed at 3 months, and if it is insufficient the patient is no longer considered mildly asthmatic, and treatment has to be stepped up. As mild asthma is the most frequent form of the disease, diagnosis and management require physicians’ particular attention.
Ebola Perspectives From Opposite Sides of the Globe
Authors: Rebecca Voelker
Journal: JAMA (2014)

Earlier this year, after the Ebola virus gripped West Africa and moved into the United States, Thomas Frieden, MD, MPH, and Aiah Gbakima, MD, shared a common goal: educating health professionals and the general public about Ebola. But Frieden and Gbakima approached their objective from vastly different perspectives and opposite sides of the world. As head of the US Cente r s fo r Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), known worldwide for its around-theclock global disease tracking efforts, Frieden occupied a worldw i de s t age . Gbakima, on the other hand, was at the outbreak’s epicenter. Based in Freetown, Sierra Leone, he is editor of the recently launched Sierra Leone Journal of Biomedical Research and country director with Metabiota, a company that tracks infections and provides clinical diagnostics. Recently, during some of the most difficult weeks of the Ebola outbreak, Frieden and Gbakima took time during separate interviews to talk with JAMA. The following is an edited transcript of those interviews.
Evaluation Criteria and Psychotherapy Research
Authors: Ruth Westheimer
Journal: Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics (1975)

Research Articles| February 12 2010 Evaluation Criteria and Psychotherapy Research Subject Area: Psychiatry and Psychology Ruth Westheimer Ruth Westheimer Oak Park Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Psychother Psychosom (1975) 25 (1-6): 236–238. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286872 Article history Published Online: February 12 2010 Content Tools Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Ruth Westheimer; Evaluation Criteria and Psychotherapy Research. Psychother Psychosom 31 December 1975; 25 (1-6): 236–238. https://doi.org/10.1159/000286872 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPsychotherapy and Psychosomatics Search Advanced Search Article PDF first page preview Close Modal This content is only available via PDF. 1975Copyright / Drug Dosage / DisclaimerCopyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug.Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements. You do not currently have access to this content.
Microanalysis of an antimicrobial peptide, β-defensin-2, in the stratum corneum from patients with atopic dermatitis
Authors: S. Asano, Y. Ichikawa, T. Kumagai, M. Kawashima, G. Imokawa
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2008)

Antimicrobial peptides, such as defensin and cathelicidin, have recently been reported to play important roles in host defence and in cutaneous innate immunity. Although beta-defensin-2 has been reported to be downregulated in the skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), little is known about its role in the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus in the stratum corneum of patients with AD. A precise evaluation of these peptides in the stratum corneum as an antimicrobial barrier against S. aureus colonization has not yet been performed.To compare beta-defensin-2 levels in the skin of patients with AD and healthy controls.We developed a microanalytical technique to measure beta-defensin-2 in the stratum corneum using a combination of immunoprecipitation and Western blotting.beta-Defensin-2 in the stratum corneum was significantly higher in AD lesional skin compared with healthy control skin. The beta-defensin-2 content in AD lesional skin also increased in proportion to the severity of the disease. Counting bacterial colonies revealed higher populations of S. aureus on lesional and nonlesional skin surfaces of patients with AD compared with healthy controls. Comparison of S. aureus colony numbers and beta-defensin-2 levels demonstrated a positive correlation (r = 0.342, P = 0.004, n = 67) between both factors.Collectively, these findings suggest that beta-defensin-2 is induced in response to bacteria, injury or inflammatory stimuli and is not associated with vulnerability to S. aureus colonization in the skin of patients with AD.
Inhibition of mesangial cell proliferation and matrix expansion in glomerulonephritis in the rat by antibody to platelet-derived growth factor.
Authors: R J Johnson, E W Raines, J Floege, A Yoshimura, P Pritzl, C Alpers, R Ross
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1992)

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a potent mitogen for mesenchymal cells in culture, is expressed in vivo in a variety of inflammatory conditions associated with cell proliferation, including atherosclerosis, wound repair, pulmonary fibrosis, and glomerulonephritis. However, it is not known if PDGF mediates the fibroproliferative responses that characterize these inflammatory disorders. We administered neutralizing anti-PDGF IgG or control IgG to rats with mesangial proliferative nephritis. Inhibition of PDGF resulted in a significant reduction in mesangial cell proliferation, and largely prevented the increased deposition of extracellular matrix associated with the disease. This suggests that PDGF may have a central role in proliferative glomerular disease.
Current trends in the management of allergic diseases
Authors: J. Bousquet, H. Dhivert, F‐B. Michel
Journal: Allergy (1994)

Treatment strategies for allergic diseases are based on allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy. Allergen avoidance should always be attempted, even if it is rarely complete and needs several days or weeks to be effective. Pharmacotherapy is aimed at reducing symptoms arising from allergen triggers and inflammation. In seasonal allergic diseases, a short treatment course is sufficient to reverse nonspecific hyperreactivity and symptoms. In chronic allergic diseases, however, inflammation is of major importance and symptoms are not always readily controlled. Moreover, the treatment should be prolonged as proposed by Guidelines for the Management of Asthma and Rhinitis (1, 2). Effective and well‐tolerated drugs are now available and some may be combined for rhinitis or asthma therapy. In rhinitis, first‐line therapy is still based on non‐sedating antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. Cromoglycate and other drugs may also be used. For asthma, antiinflammatory therapy is the first‐line treatment. In mild sufferers, cromoglycate, nedocromil or low‐dose inhaled steroids can be used. For more severe disease, high doses of inhaled corticosteroids are proposed. Bronchodilators are used as ‘rescue’ medications, though many patients with severe symptoms need regular bronchodilator therapy. Long‐acting β‐agonists have been introduced recently, but their exact place in the management of asthma is not yet fully established. Immunotherapy was first introduced in 1911 and was based on decades of physicians' experience, rather than on rational thought. Standardized allergens have improved the efficacy of immunotherapy, but the safety of this treatment needs to be improved. New research on immunotherapy is underway which shows promise. A major problem for both pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy in allergic disease is poor compliance.
Ethical Considerations in the Communication of Unexpected Information with Clinical Implications
Authors: Robert R. Lavieri, Samual A. Garner
Journal: The American Journal of Bioethics (2006)

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size ACKNOWLEDGMENTS R. Lavieri acknowledges support from a summer fellowship awarded by the Janet Prindle Institute for Ethics at DePauw University. S. Garner acknowledges support from the CELS internship program at Connecticut College. R. Lavieri and S. Garner thank the Yale Bioethics Center for fostering a supportive academic environment and also thank David H. Smith and Derek Turner for reading a draft of this commentary.
Aspirin Use and Risk of Macular Degeneration—Reply
Authors: Barbara E. K. Klein, Kerri P. Howard
Journal: JAMA (2013)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Management of Hypertensive Diseases
Authors: John H. Moyer
Journal: JAMA (1961)

This book contains 1,622 references. Unfortunately these are not in alphabetical order; if they had been so placed, the reference list in itself would be worth the price of the book. Although the book is quite complete, the title is misleading, since much space is devoted to aspects of hypertension which are unrelated to management. The chief criticisms that I have are that (1) the book is too long for what it attempts to present; (2) it does not follow a clear and concise outline; (3) there are too many case reports, and they are frequently too long; and (4) there seems to be much redundancy. For example, the first 289 pages consist primarily of a detailed discussion oriented about treatment, with many case reports. Then there suddenly appears on page 290 the chapter "Antihypertensive Drugs —Pharmacology and Therapy," which seems to be completely out of place as well as
Nursing Your Baby
Authors: Vincent J. Gagliardi
Journal: JAMA (1964)

Most women can breast-feed successfully, if they can get proper guidance. Special attention is needed in the immediate postpartum period, when milk generally starts to flow in proportion to the frequency and duration of nursing. There are many factors which may delay the "coming in" of milk but once lactation starts, milk supply is usually abundant, whether the mother is large- or small-breasted. Later, many women complain that their milk begins to "dry up" prematurely. Experienced nursers, attributing this to anxiety or the pressure of social requirements, regard the process as temporary and reversible. If, however, worried parents institute supplemental formula feedings, the baby will nurse less, and the breasts will respond by secreting less. By relaxing and letting the baby feed on demand, mothers find that their breasts resume normal pace. The author tells knowingly of these and other principles and practices, and of nutrition, nipple care, the weaning
Limitations of the algorithm for the SAFE biopsy: A noninvasive fibrosis measure in chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Mohammed Rashid, Jonathon D. Mitchell, Matthew E. Cramp, Timothy J. S. Cross
Journal: Hepatology (2009)

We read with interest the article by Sebastiani and colleagues regarding the use of SAFE biopsy in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection.1 Despite being a large and well-conducted study, there remain problems with the algorithm that may limit its use. The requirements of a screening test are that it must be accurate, cost-effective, and easy to use. Furthermore, the purpose and use of such a test must be well defined. The purpose of the algorithm proposed is first to identify patients with significant fibrosis (i.e., METAVIR ≥ F2) and second to determine the probability that a patient has cirrhosis, and is therefore in need of long-term outpatient follow-up for the complications of cirrhosis. In the United Kingdom, the stage of liver fibrosis has not been a prerequisite for chronic hepatitis C treatment since 2006, obviating the need for liver biopsy for this indication.2 Patients only need to be positive for hepatitis C virus RNA to be a candidate for treatment. It might be argued that patients with genotype 1, who have a less favorable response to current treatment, may choose to defer treatment if lower stage disease (METAVIR F0-1) can be demonstrated, the intention being to postpone treatment until more efficacious and less toxic treatments become available. This is something we encounter weekly in our clinics. Based on this we would argue that any treatment algorithm should include genotype and patient age, because this has a significant impact on the decision to initiate therapy. In effect, SAFE biopsy consists of two screening tests prior to biopsy. This increases the complexity of how to interpret the results. In addition, patients and clinicians like to have a test result that gives an estimate of fibrosis severity at the time they are seen and that is easy to calculate. This is the advantage of techniques such as transient elastography3 and other noninvasive tests such as aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI)4 and Kings score.5 In order for this to be achieved, blood tests would be required prior to assessment. Finally, the percentage of patients with cirrhosis in this cohort of patients was low. Any noninvasive test compared to liver biopsy should consider the frequency of particular stages of fibrosis to reduce error using the method described by Poynard and colleagues.6 This low level of cirrhosis may account for why the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves were lower for APRI than in other published series.4, 5, 7 Mohammed Rashid*, Jonathon D. Mitchell*, Matthew E. Cramp*, Timothy J. S. Cross*, * Hepatology Department, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, Devon, UK.