tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Hepatitis C virus infection and lymphoproliferative diseases in France: A national study
Authors: P. Hausfater, P. Cacoub, E. Rosenthal, N. Bernard, V. Loustaud-Ratti, Z. Le Lostec, H. Laurichesse, F. Turpin, D. Ouzan, D. Grasset, C. Perrone, M.P. Cabrol, J.C. Piette
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2000)

The putative role of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the pathophysiology of lymphoproliferative diseases (LPD) is supported by North American and southern European studies reporting high HCV seroprevalence in patients with B-cell-non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). In order to evaluate the situation in France, we conducted a retrospective national study about the association of chronic HCV infection and LPD. 72 Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases departments were contacted. Response rate was 51.4%. We recorded 43 LPD (19 males, 24 females): 31 B-cell-NHL, 4 Waldenström's macroglobulinemia, 3 chronic lymphocytic leukemia, 2 multiple myeloma, 2 lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, and 1 Hodgkin's disease. Mean age at HCV diagnosis was 62 years (range 33–84). In 16 cases, LPD occurred in patients known to be HCV-infected. For 11 patients, LPD diagnosis preceded the diagnosis of HCV infection, whereas diagnosis was done simultaneously in 11 patients. For those with accurate infection date, mean interval between both events was 15.2 years. Fourteen patients had HCV extrahepatic manifestations: 9 mixed cryoglobulinemia, including 7 with NHL, 5 sicca syndrome (5 NHL), and both in one patient. Cohort of HCV-infected patients could be accurately determined for 16 departments, totaling 1,485 patients and 37 cases. Thus, from our data the frequency of LPD among HCV-infected patients approximates 2.49%. Despite possible bias inherent to this retrospective study, our data support the hypothesis of HCV-associated LPD and particularly B-cell-NHL. In France, this association is much lower than in Italy. Further studies are needed to assess the precise role of HCV in the multistep process leading to monoclonal proliferation. Am. J. Hematol. 64:107–111, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Comparison of Glycemic Variability Associated With Insulin Glargine and Intermediate-Acting Insulin When Used as the Basal Component of Multiple Daily Injections for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Neil H. White, H. Peter Chase, Silva Arslanian, William V. Tamborlane
Journal: Diabetes Care (2008)

OBJECTIVE—To compare the glucose variability associated with insulin glargine and NPH/Lente insulin used as the basal insulin component of a multiple daily injection (MDI) regimen in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Continuous glucose monitoring data were collected from a subset of patients (n = 90) who agreed to use a continuous glucose monitoring system during an active-controlled, randomized, open-label study evaluating the safety and efficacy of insulin glargine and NPH/Lente insulin used with insulin lispro as part of an MDI regimen. RESULTS—Treatment with insulin glargine resulted in significant reductions in glucose variability as measured by the SD of glucose values (adjusted mean change from baseline to week 24: −13.4 mg/dl [−0.74 mmol/l]; P ≤ 0.05), mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (−34.4 mg/dl [−1.91 mmol/l]; P ≤ 0.0001), and M value (−9.6 mg/dl [−0.53 mmol/l]; P ≤ 0.03). The corresponding reductions in glucose variability for NPH/Lente were not significant. CONCLUSIONS—Insulin glargine is associated with greater reductions in glucose variability than NPH/Lente insulin in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes.
Plasma norepinephrine concentration and plasma dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity in patients with congestive heart failure.
Authors: M Minami, H Yasuda, N Yamazaki, S Kojima, H Nishijima, N Matsumura, H Togashi, Y Koike, H Saito
Journal: Circulation (1983)

The relationship between plasma norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity (DBH) was studied in 90 cardiac patients (New York Heart Association [NYHA] classes I-IV), 85 healthy control subjects and 18 competitive skiers. The cardiac patients in NYHA classes III and IV had significantly higher NE (p less than 0.001) and lower DBH (p less than 0.001) levels than the controls, whereas the skiers had significantly lower NE (p less than 0.001) and higher DBH (p less than 0.05) levels than the controls. Seven cardiac patients in whom successful cardiac surgery was performed had decreased NE (p less than 0.001) and increased DBH (p less than 0.02), as well as significantly improved NYHA cardiac status (p less than 0.001). These findings demonstrate an inverse relationship between NE and DBH in a population of athletes, normal subjects and cardiac patients; the same inverse relationship holds for these patients when sequential studies are done after a change in cardiac status.
CAPILLARY CHANGES IN PERNICIOUS ANEMIA
Authors: Thomas I. O'Drain
Journal: JAMA (1933)

To the Editor.  —In a typical, well defined case of pernicious anemia, one sees at a glance the oversized erythrocytes, which are present even during remissions of the disease. During a relapse, in addition, megaloblasts are perceived. Piney believes that these large cells are representatives of certain intravascular cells of the embryonal liver persisting in this disease to adult life. Parenthetically, some children exhibit achylia, attributed by some observers to toxemias following infectious diseases. I believe that macrocytes should be looked for in these conditions. If Piney is right, pernicious anemia is present from intra-uterine life until middle age without symptoms. These large cells have a diameter of 15 to 18 microns. According to Gray, the usual diameter of the capillaries is 8 microns. They are smallest in the brain and intestine and largest in the bones and skin: 20 microns. It has been noted that improvement is last manifested
Reconsideration of criteria for the Fontan operation. Influence of pulmonary artery size on postoperative hemodynamics of the Fontan operation.
Authors: H Senzaki, T Isoda, A Ishizawa, T Hishi
Journal: Circulation (1994)

The outcome of the Fontan operation largely depends on patient selection because this procedure is a physiological correction. Among the several selection criteria for the Fontan operation, the importance of adequate size of the pulmonary artery remains controversial. To clarify whether or not pulmonary artery size is indispensable as one of the selection criteria for the Fontan operation, we considered the physiological importance of pulmonary artery size and investigated how pulmonary artery size influenced postoperative hemodynamics of the Fontan operation.In congenital heart disease of decreasing pulmonary blood flow, 40 patients were examined for this analysis. Pulmonary artery indexes (cross-sectional area of the right and left pulmonary arteries divided by body surface area) were measured as the expression of pulmonary artery size, and the relations of pulmonary artery index (PAI) to pulmonary vascular resistance (Rp) and compliance (Cp) were studied. There was no significant correlation between PAI and Rp, whereas a significant correlation was found between PAI and Cp (r = .71, P = .001). Furthermore, Cp influenced postoperative hemodynamics of the Fontan operation by affecting peak central venous pressure and total impedance, which was the afterload to the ventricle. Impedance increased abruptly when PAI was less than approximately 100 mm2/m2.The smaller pulmonary artery size is hemodynamically disadvantageous after the Fontan operation, with resultant rise in peak control venous pressure and increased afterload to the single ventricle.
Physician Payment Reform
Authors: Bruce C. Vladeċk
Journal: JAMA (1994)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Incidence of Hypothyroidism in the Elderly
Authors: W. H. Lloyd, I. J. L. Goldberg
Journal: BMJ (1961)

PARATHYROID DISEASEBEDICAL OU number of previous workers mentioned above.Two cuestions immediately arise-Where has the retained magnesium collected ?And how has this retention been trought about?Magnesium does not accumulate in the extracellular fluid, for there is no rise in the serum magnesium.On the contrary, serum magnesium tends to fall, indicating a movement of magnesium out of the extracellular space.It could move into the cells or, alternatively, be deposited in the bones.Tibbetts and Aub (1937) found that the ratio of magnesium retention to calcium retention was greater than the ratio of magnesium to calcium in bone and concluded that some of the retained magnesium had been taken up by the soft tissues.This is a valid inference only if bone were of constant composition, which it is not.New bone crystals are smaller and consequently contain relatively larger hydration shells than old bone crystals.Moreover, it is thought (Neuman and Neuman, 1957, 1958) that much of the bone magnesium is held in these hydration shells.It follows that the Mg: Ca ratio of new bone would be expected to be higher than that of old bone.This explanation is supported by the finding of Shohl (1939) that the Mg: Ca ratio of bone rises after parathyroidectomy.Our own muscle biopsies are insufficient to offer direct evidence, but two of the cases had normal muscle magnesium before operation-refuting, in these cases, any suggestion of muscle depletion requiring restoration.Prior to parathyroidectomy, bone resorption is o_curring faster than bone replacement, with resulting thinning of bone.The magnesium liberated by this cxcessive resorption is in part used again to form new hone, but the surplus is lost from the body.Once the parathyroid tumour is removed, bone resorption slows tip, while bone formation continues unabated.A fall in extracellular magnesium is a natural consequence.Comparison of balances before and after operation indicate that the chief change which occurs is a fall in the urinary magnesium in the post-operative phase.This can be accounted for by the reduction in serum magnesium.The excessive losses pre-operatively, however, require further explanation.It should be stressed that this is by no means a constant finding;Cases 1 and 4 in the series reported here showed a very slight negative magnesium balance, and Bassett
C-Reactive Protein — To Screen or Not to Screen?
Authors: Lori Mosca
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

Prediction is very difficult, especially about the future.— Niels BohrMore than 20 years ago, 246 risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) had already been identified, and the number continues to grow.1 Advances in genomics and proteomics will provide even more candidate markers to consider for routine assessment in practice. Risk stratification is important because information about the probability of a cardiovascular event in the future can help target therapy and resources to those most likely to benefit. Of the several hundred known correlates of CHD, only a handful have had the staying power to be recommended for . . .
Echocardiographic evaluation of the response to afterload stress test in young asymptomatic patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation: sensitivity of the left ventricular end-systolic pressure-volume relationship.
Authors: A Branzi, C Lolli, G Piovaccari, C Rapezzi, G Binetti, S Specchia, R Zannoli, B Magnani
Journal: Circulation (1984)

The detection of myocardial depression is an important goal in the management of patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation but may be quite difficult at an early stage by the conventional basal measures of contractility. The response to afterload stress determined by angiotensin challenge and the end-systolic pressure-volume relationship was evaluated echocardiographically in 16 asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic patients with chronic severe aortic regurgitation, ages 15 to 56 years (mean 32 +/- 12). Nine normal subjects, ages 25 to 41 years (mean 31 +/- 5), served as a control group. In the group with aortic regurgitation, end-systolic dimensions were greater than 55 mm in five of 16 patients and fractional shortening was 25% or less in two of 16. In the control group angiotensin caused a decrease of stroke volume index in six out of nine patients (15% at the most) and a mild increase in three. In the group with aortic regurgitation stroke volume index decreased by 15% or more of the basal value in nine of 16 patients and increased or decreased by less than 15% in seven of 16. Ejection fraction decreased in both groups, from 61 +/- 6% to 52 +/- 7% in the control group and from 56 +/- 6% to 45 +/- 5% in the group with aortic regurgitation. Ventricular function curves were derived by relating end-diastolic volume index to stroke work index; seven of 16 patients had abnormal responses reflecting an afterload mismatch.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The Heart and Hyperthyroidism
Authors: C. Lynn Skelton
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1982)

The cardiac manifestations of hyperthyroidism have long been recognized as among the earliest and most consistent features of this disorder. The association of palpitations, tachycardia, and cardiomegaly with thyroid-gland enlargement and exophthalmos was initially described almost 200 years ago by Caleb Parry, an English physician who practiced in Bath. (Although exophthalmic goiter is generally referred to as Graves' disease in this country, Parry's description of the condition predated that of Robert Graves by 49 years.) Recent experimental studies in both animals and human beings have provided considerable insight into the nature of the interaction between thyroid hormone and the heart. . . .
APPENDICITIS WITH SYMPTOMS RESEMBLING THOSE OF RENAL COLIC
Authors: B. Hughes
Journal: BMJ (1914)

TIIE follosWingC case is, I tllink, sUfficiCletly intereStillg to be wortlh recording: W. D., a girl aged 8 years, was suddenly one evening seizedl Awith acute abdlomiinal paini, doubling lher up and miaking
History of Science: The Beginnings of Modern Science from 1450 to 1800
Authors: L. Clovis Hirning, Lester S. King
Journal: JAMA (1964)

When the first volume of this series appeared, it aroused general critical enthusiasm in which the present reviewer was not able to share (<i>JAMA</i><b>188:</b>191 [April 13] 1964). Essentially the same reaction will greet this second volume, which discusses the beginnings of modern science, from 1450 to 1800. This era covers such vast changes that only a great master of exposition can make them meaningful and interesting within the compass of a single volume. In the present work, with its multiple authorship, the contributors are all thorough scholars, many of them of great renown. But there simply are too many authors, with too many points of view, too many modes of exposition, too great variation in writing skill, to make a truly helpful volume. The disciplines discussed, including mathematics, astronomy, geology, chemistry, biology, and medicine, with their ramifications, are too vast. Many of the chapters, particularly those dealing with
Evidence for Human Lung Stem Cells
Authors: Jan Kajstura, Marcello Rota, Sean R. Hall, Toru Hosoda, Domenico D'Amario, Fumihiro Sanada, Hanqiao Zheng, Barbara Ogórek, Carlos Rondon-Clavo, João Ferreira-Martins, Alex Matsuda, Christian Arranto, Polina Goichberg, Giovanna Giordano, Kathleen J. Haley, Silvana Bardelli, Hussein Rayatzadeh, Xiaoli Liu, Federico Quaini, Ronglih Liao, Annarosa Leri, Mark A. Perrella, Joseph Loscalzo, Piero Anversa
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2011)

Although progenitor cells have been described in distinct anatomical regions of the lung, description of resident stem cells has remained elusive.Surgical lung-tissue specimens were studied in situ to identify and characterize human lung stem cells. We defined their phenotype and functional properties in vitro and in vivo.Human lungs contain undifferentiated human lung stem cells nested in niches in the distal airways. These cells are self-renewing, clonogenic, and multipotent in vitro. After injection into damaged mouse lung in vivo, human lung stem cells form human bronchioles, alveoli, and pulmonary vessels integrated structurally and functionally with the damaged organ. The formation of a chimeric lung was confirmed by detection of human transcripts for epithelial and vascular genes. In addition, the self-renewal and long-term proliferation of human lung stem cells was shown in serial-transplantation assays.Human lungs contain identifiable stem cells. In animal models, these cells participate in tissue homeostasis and regeneration. They have the undemonstrated potential to promote tissue restoration in patients with lung disease. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health.).
Reduction of experimental myocardial infarct size by oral administration of tocopherol
Authors: R. A Axford-Gatley, G. J Wilson
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1991)

Journal Article Reduction of experimental myocardial infarct size by oral administration of α tocopherol Get access Robert A Axford-Gatley, Robert A Axford-Gatley Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5A 2C4 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Gregory J Wilson Gregory J Wilson Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5A 2C4 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 25, Issue 2, February 1991, Pages 89–92, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/25.2.89 Published: 01 February 1991 Article history Received: 05 February 1990 Accepted: 03 August 1990 Published: 01 February 1991
Stabilization of cancer-specific gene carrier via hydrophobic interaction for a clear-cut response to cancer signaling
Authors: Chan Woo Kim, Riki Toita, Jeong-Hun Kang, Kai Li, Eun Kyung Lee, Guo Xi Zhao, Daiki Funamoto, Takanobu Nobori, Yuta Nakamura, Takeshi Mori, Takuro Niidome, Yoshiki Katayama
Journal: Journal of Controlled Release (2013)
Should probiotics be tested on ex vivo organ culture models?
Authors: Katerina Tsilingiri, Maria Rescigno
Journal: Gut Microbes (2012)

The use of probiotic strains as nutritional supplements has been gaining ground in the last decade. As the mechanisms with which they modulate innate and adaptive immunity start to unravel, probiotics have repeatedly been suggested as potential treatment for a wide variety of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, even though the benefits of probiotic treatment for conditions like atopic dermatitis are well established, very limited clinical benefit has been obtained on IBD treatment. This could be due to the lack of suitable models on which to obtain valid pre-clinical data to select the most appropriate strain for a given condition. We recently described a newly developed model for the culture and apical stimulation of whole human intestinal mucosal explants. We showed that the tissue was only viable if incubated in an O2 chamber, but it was possible to stimulate the tissue with bacteria in a conventional incubator. We used the new set-up to test three different Lactobacilli strains, none of which appeared to be benign on inflamed IBD mucosa.
Neutrophil-dependent acute lung injury. Requirement for P-selectin (GMP-140).
Authors: M S Mulligan, M J Polley, R J Bayer, M F Nunn, J C Paulson, P A Ward
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1992)

Rapid translocation of P-selectin (GMP-140) from cytoplasmic granules to the cell membrane of endothelial cells promotes adhesive interactions with neutrophils which, when activated, damage the endothelium. The role of P-selectin in lung vascular endothelial injury in rats after systemic activation of complement by intravenous infusion of cobra venom factor has been assessed. Within 5-10 min after cobra venom factor infusion, the pulmonary vasculature demonstrated immunohistochemical expression of an epitope that reacts with anti-human P-selectin. Monoclonal antibody to human P-selectin blocked in vitro adherence of rat or human platelets (activated with thrombin) to neutrophils and was demonstrated to react with thrombin-activated rat platelets. The antibody did not react with rat neutrophils. In vivo, the antibody had strongly protective effects against cobra venom factor-induced pulmonary vascular injury as determined by permeability changes and hemorrhage. In parallel, lung myeloperoxidase content was greatly reduced and, by transmission electron microscopy, there was markedly diminished adherence of neutrophils to the pulmonary vascular endothelium and much diminished injury of endothelial cells, as defined by hemorrhage. These data indicate that anti-human P-selectin reacts with a pulmonary vascular antigen in rats and that this antigen is essential for the full expression of lung injury.
Abstract ED1-1: The role of informatics in translational research: The interplay of epidemiology, clinical studies, and discovery research
Authors: Jacob Koehler
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2010)

Abstract Whilst drug discovery costs are increasing, the number of successful new drugs is decreasing. Lack of efficacy, toxicology and commercial reasons are the main reasons why drugs are discontinued. Further, there is an ever growing demand to demonstrate safety and comparative effectiveness to payers, regulatory agencies and patients. A range of computational, data driven translational approaches provide new opportunities for improving drug discovery, development and utilization. Citation Information: Clin Cancer Res 2010;16(7 Suppl):ED1-1