tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Clinical and dermoscopic features of 88 scalp naevi in 39 children
Authors: W.J. Tcheung, J.S. Bellet, N.S. Prose, D.D. Cyr, K.C. Nelson
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Paediatric scalp naevi may represent a source of anxiety for practitioners and parents, as the clinical and dermoscopic features of typical naevi have yet to be defined. Prompted by concern about the large size, irregular borders and colour variation of scalp naevi, clinicians and parents may request unnecessary excision of these naevi.To establish the typical clinical and dermoscopic patterns of scalp naevi in children younger than 18 years old to help optimize clinical care and management.Scalp naevi were imaged with a camera (Canon Rebel, XSi; Canon, Tokyo, Japan) and dermoscopic attachment (Dermlite Foto, 30 mm lens; 3Gen, San Juan Capistrano, CA, U.S.A.) to the camera. The clinical and dermoscopic images were reviewed and analysed. Both acquired and congenital scalp naevi were included but were not further differentiated from each other.We obtained clinical and dermoscopic images of 88 scalp naevi in 39 white children. Two subjects had received chronic immunosuppressive medication. Nineteen children had a family history of melanoma. Boys (18/39 subjects, 46%) possessed 68% (60 naevi) of scalp naevi imaged. Younger (< 10 years old) subjects (24/39 subjects, 62%) possessed 42% (37 naevi) of scalp naevi. The main clinical patterns included eclipse (n=18), cockade (n = 3), solid brown (n=42) and solid pink (n=25) naevi. Solid-coloured naevi showed the following dermoscopic patterns: globular (57%), complex (reticular-globular) (27%), reticular (9%), homogeneous (6%) and fibrillar (1%). The majority of naevi had a unifying feature - perifollicular hypopigmentation, which caused the appearance of scalloped, irregular borders if occurring on the periphery, or variegation in pigmentation, if occurring within the naevi.Older subjects and boys tend to harbour a larger proportion of scalp naevi. The main clinical patterns include solid-coloured and eclipse naevi. The most common dermoscopic pattern of scalp naevi is the globular pattern. Perifollicular hypopigmentation is a hallmark feature of signature scalp naevi. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive tool in the evaluation of cutaneous melanocytic lesions in children and may decrease the number of unnecessary excisions.
Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 I148M affects liver steatosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Mauro Viganò, Luca Valenti, Pietro Lampertico, Floriana Facchetti, Benedetta Maria Motta, Roberta D'Ambrosio, Solange Romagnoli, Paola Dongiovanni, Benedetta Donati, Silvia Fargion, Massimo Colombo
Journal: Hepatology (2013)

Steatosis is a common histopathological feature of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and has been associated with severity of liver disease. Recently, the rs738409 I148M patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 (PNPLA3) polymorphism has been demonstrated to influence steatosis susceptibility and fibrosis progression in patients with different liver diseases, but no data are yet available for CHB. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether PNPLA3 I148M influences steatosis susceptibility in a large series of patients with CHB. We enrolled 235 treatment-naïve CHB patients consecutively examined by percutaneous liver biopsy. In ≥2-cm-long liver tissue cores, steatosis and fibrosis were staged by Kleiner and METAVIR scores, respectively. The I148M polymorphism was determined by Taqman assays. Steatosis was present in 146 (62%) patients, of whom 24 (10%) had severe (>33% of hepatocytes) steatosis. Steatosis was independently associated with age (odds ratio [OR]: 2.67; confidence interval [CI]: 1.50-4.92; for age ≥50 years), body mass index (BMI; OR, 2.84; CI, 1.30-6.76; for BMI ≥27.5 kg/m(2) ), diabetes or impaired fasting glucose (OR, 4.45; CI, 1.10-30.0), and PNPLA3 148M allele (OR, 1.62; CI, 1.00-7.00; for each 148M allele). Independent predictors of severe steatosis were BMI (OR, 3.60; CI, 1.39-9.22; for BMI ≥27.5 kg/m(2) ) and PNPLA3 148M allele (OR, 6.03; CI, 1.23-5.0; for each 148M allele). PNPLA3 148M alleles were associated with a progressive increase in severe steatosis in patients with acquired cofactors, such severe overweight and a history of alcohol intake (P = 0.005).In CHB patients, the PNPLA3 I148M polymorphism influences susceptibility to steatosis and, in particular, when associated with severe overweight and alcohol intake, severe steatosis.
Powassan and Silverwater Viruses: Ecology of Two Ontario Arboviruses
Authors: D M MCLEAN, R P LARKE
Journal: JAMA (1963)

Powassan virus was isolated from a pool of Ixodes marxi ticks collected during late August 1962, from a red squirrel, Tamiasciurus hudsonicus, and from blood obtained from a red squirrel during early October 1962 near Powassan, Ontario, where a child contracted fatal encephalitis due to this virus in September 1958. The frequent detection of Powassan virus neutralizing antibody in sera of squirrels captured during autumn, but rarely at other seasons, and the frequent I. marxi infestation of squirrels, some of which contain antibody, but the lack of occurrence of I. marxi on other forest rodents, suggest that I. marxi ticks are vectors and squirrels are reservoirs of Powassan virus infection. Isolation of Silverwater virus from Haemaphysalis leporis-palustris ticks which infested a snowshoe hare Lepus americanus near Powassan demonstrates the presence of this agent in the Powassan area also.
Safety and pharmacokinetics of multiple-dose ciprofloxacin dry powder for inhalation in patients with moderate or severe COPD
Authors: Heino Stass, Philipp Badorrek, Jens Hohlfeld, Norbert Krug, Johannes Nagelschmitz, Tobias Welte
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Introduction:  Many patients with COPD are chronically colonized with bacteria and could benefit from long-term antibacterial therapy. Ciprofloxacin dry powder for inhalation (DPI) is an investigational PulmoSphere™ formulation for pulmonary delivery of ciprofloxacin.   Aim:  To investigate the safety, tolerability and PK of ciprofloxacin DPI in patients with COPD.   Methods:  In a randomized, phase I, single-blind, parallel-group study, adults with GOLD stage II or III COPD received 32.5 mg or 48.75 mg ciprofloxacin (50 mg, 75 mg ciprofloxacin DPI, respectively) or matching placebo as a single dose on Day 0 and 12 and bid on Days 2–11.   Results:  Patients received 32.5 mg (n=6) or 48.75 mg (n=9 including 3 who replaced drop-outs) ciprofloxacin, or placebo (n=4). There were no severe or serious AEs; most AEs were mild in severity. There were treatment-related AEs in 4, 8 and 1 patients in the 32.5 mg and 48.75 mg ciprofloxacin and placebo groups, respectively. Three patients discontinued (48.75 mg ciprofloxacin) due to AEs: moderate treatment-related dyspnoea (n=1); infectious diseases (n=2). Day 0 geometric mean plasma ciprofloxacin AUC was 0.532 mg*h/l and 0.727 mg*h/l, and AUC 0  –last  in induced sputum was 1190 mg*h/l and 2010 mg*h/l, for the 32.5 mg and 48.75 mg groups, respectively. Ciprofloxacin sputum concentrations were highly variable; geometric mean induced sputum C max :plasma C max  ratios ranged 1650–10,600.   Conclusions:  Ciprofloxacin DPI was well tolerated over 12 days9 treatment in patients with moderate or severe COPD. High sputum concentrations contrasted with low systemic exposure.
BMJ的网站扩容 全文刊登期刊所有内容,供读者免费访问
Authors: Tony, Delamothe, Richard, Smith, 李力
Journal: BMJ (1998)

我们在3年前还很难在网上见到医学期刊,而现在,大多数医学期刊都有了自己的网址,以电子版形式刊登从印刷期刊中挑选出来的文章。本周,BMJ 与 Lancet 和另一专科期刊一起又向前迈进了一大步,即在国际互联网上全文刊登其印刷版刊物上的所有文章。在不久的将来,希望能够长期发展的
Abstract 19888: Diagnostic Accuracy of Modern-era Echocardiography for Detection of Surgical Complications of Left-sided Infective Endocarditis
Authors: John F Sedgwick, Andrew Maurice, Jose Tafur, Sylvia Oleck, Akhlaq Khan, Kevin Phan, Yi-Chin Tsai, Malcolm West, Darryl J Burstow, Yvonne Gilliland
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Aim:  To contribute contemporary data to the limited number of studies in the literature comparing modern-era echocardiography directly with surgical findings for accurately detecting the broad range of serious intra-cardiac complications of left-sided infective endocarditis (IE).   Methods:  Retrospective analysis of all patients who underwent surgery for complicated IE at the Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia and the John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, New Orleans, USA between 2007-2012 inclusive. Data collected included echocardiography and surgical reports, microbiology, and patient risk factors.   Results:  There were 156 subjects (106 [67.9%] male, age [51.98 +/- 16.2 years]) who required cardiac surgery for complicated IE. The most common predisposing factors were: mechanical valve prosthesis (18.6%), intravenous drug abuse (17.3%), bioprosthetic valve (15.4%) and degenerative valve disease (12.2%) with 13.4% of patients having ≥ 3 risk factors. Causative organisms included Staphylococcus sp. (37.3%), followed by Streptococcus sp. (31.4%), Gram-negative spp. (5.1%) and Fungal spp. (0.8%). The median time between TTE/TEE and surgery was 2.00+/-1.61 days and 1.63+/-5.71 days, respectively. LV function was assessed: EF ≥55% (77.1%), EF 45-54%(15.0%), EF 30-44% (6.5%) and EF    Conclusion:  Modern-era TTE imaging has made significant improvements in diagnostic accuracy when compared with older published studies. Although TTE is shown to be generally highly sensitive for identification of vegetations in this cohort, TEE remains the superior echo modality for complicated IE.
Progressive Renal Decline: The New Paradigm of Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Andrzej S. Krolewski
Journal: Diabetes Care (2015)

On the basis of extensive studies in Joslin Clinic patients over 25 years, we propose a new model of diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. In this model, the predominant clinical feature of both early and late stages of diabetic nephropathy is progressive renal decline, not albuminuria. Progressive renal decline (estimated glomerular filtration rate loss &amp;gt;3.5 mL/min/year) is a unidirectional process that develops while patients have normal renal function. It progresses at an almost steady rate until end-stage renal disease is reached, albeit at widely differing rates among individuals. Progressive renal decline precedes the onset of microalbuminuria, and as it continues, it increases the risk of proteinuria. Therefore, study groups ascertained for microalbuminuria/proteinuria are enriched for patients with renal decline (decliners). We found prevalences of decliners in 10%, 32%, and 50% of patients with normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and proteinuria, respectively. Whether the initial lesion of progressive renal decline is in the glomerulus, tubule, interstitium, or vasculature is unknown. Similarly unclear are the initiating mechanism and the driver of progression. No animal model mimics progressive renal decline, so etiological studies must be conducted in humans with diabetes. Prospective studies searching for biomarkers predictive of the onset and rate of progression of renal decline have already yielded positive findings that will help to develop not only accurate methods for early diagnosis but also new therapeutic approaches. Detecting in advance which patients will have rapid, moderate, or minimal rates of progression to end-stage renal disease will be the foundation for developing personalized methods of prevention and treatment of progressive renal decline in type 1 diabetes.
Abstract 727: Prognosis Value of Isovolumic Contraction Peak Velocity at the Tricuspid Annulus in Precapillary Pulmonary Hypertension
Authors: Laura Ernande, Pierre Yves Leroux, Sandrine Huez, Robert Naieje, Aurelien Mulliez, Bruno Aublet Cuvelier, Chaeira Khouatra, Michel Ovize, Jean Francois Cordier, Genevieve A Derumeaux
Journal: Circulation (2009)
When I use a word ...
Authors: J. C Simpson, L Reinecke
Journal: BMJ (1999)

Editor—Armed with information provided in the hallowed pages of the BMJ,1 I bet my son that he could not find the word “liar” in our copy of the 1972 edition of Chambers Twentieth Century Dictionary. He found liar to be present at the foot of page 757, cross referenced to “lie” on page 759. Aronson should check his sources.
Lessons from New York's tuberculosis epidemic
Authors: R. Coker
Journal: BMJ (1998)

In the late 1980s New York city witnessed a dramatic epidemic of tuberculosis. By 1990, with 3% of the US population, the city had 15% of the country's cases. From 1984 to 1991 incidence increased from 23 to 50/100 000, and in some poor areas rates were much higher. In central Harlem, for example, incidence rose from 90 to 220/100 000. Among black men aged 35-44 the incidence in 1991 was 469/100 000, almost 45 times the national average.1 Now, however, the number of cases and the incidence have both declined dramatically. How has this been achieved and what are the lessons for other places facing a tuberculosis epidemic?

Two aspects of the New York epidemic suggested that it was home grown rather than associated with immigration.2 Firstly, childhood tuberculosis rates (suggesting recent acquisition) were rising, particularly among black Americans. Between 1987 and 1990 cases in children under 15 rose by 97%, from 74 cases to 146; 92% of these cases occurred in children aged 4 …
A Woman With Fetal Loss—Reply
Authors: Benjamin P. Sachs
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
CIS, a Cytokine Inducible SH2 Protein, Is a Target of the JAK-STAT5 Pathway and Modulates STAT5 Activation
Authors: Akira Matsumoto, Masaaki Masuhara, Kaoru Mitsui, Masahiro Yokouchi, Motoaki Ohtsubo, Hiroyuki Misawa, Atsushi Miyajima, Akihiko Yoshimura
Journal: Blood (1997)
<i>Lactobacillus</i> GG treatment during pregnancy for the prevention of eczema: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: R. J. Boyle, I. H. Ismail, S. Kivivuori, P. V. Licciardi, R. M. Robins‐Browne, L.‐J. Mah, C. Axelrad, S. Moore, S. Donath, J. B. Carlin, S. J. Lahtinen, M. L. K. Tang
Journal: Allergy (2010)

To cite this article: Boyle RJ, Ismail IH, Kivivuori S, Licciardi PV, Robins‐Browne RM, Mah L‐J, Axelrad C, Moore S, Donath S, Carlin JB, Lahtinen SJ, Tang MLK. Lactobacillus GG treatment during pregnancy for the prevention of eczema: a randomized controlled trial. Allergy 2011; 66 : 509–516. Abstract Background: Probiotic supplementation in early life may be effective for preventing eczema. Previous studies have suggested that prenatal administration may be particularly important for beneficial effects. Objective: We examined whether prenatal treatment with the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) can influence the risk of eczema during infancy. Methods: We recruited 250 pregnant women carrying infants at high risk of allergic disease to a randomized controlled trial of probiotic supplementation (LGG 1.8 × 10 10 cfu/day) from 36 weeks gestation until delivery. Infants were assessed during their first year for eczema or allergic sensitization. Immunological investigations were performed in a subgroup. Umbilical cord blood was examined for dendritic cell and regulatory T cell numbers and production of TGFβ, IL‐10, IL‐12, IL‐13, IFN‐γ and TNFα. Maternal breast milk was examined for total IgA, soluble CD14 and TGFβ. Results: Prenatal probiotic treatment was not associated with reduced risk of eczema (34% probiotic, 39% placebo; RR 0.88; 95% CI 0.63, 1.22) or IgE‐associated eczema (18% probiotic, 19% placebo; RR 0.94; 95% CI 0.53, 1.68). Prenatal probiotic treatment was not associated with any change in cord blood immune markers, but was associated with decreased breast milk soluble CD14 and IgA levels. Conclusions: Prenatal treatment with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was not sufficient for preventing eczema. If probiotics are effective for preventing eczema, then a postnatal component to treatment or possibly an alternative probiotic strain is necessary.
Urokinase-system expression in gastric cancer: Prognostic impact in an independent patient series and first evidence for a predictor in preoperative biopsies and intestinal metaplasia
Authors: Bianca Beyer, Markus Maria Heiss, Erich Simon, Uwe Gruetzner, Rudolf Babic, Karl-Walter Jauch, Friedrich-Wilhelm Schildberg, Heike Allgayer
Journal: Cancer Research (2006)

4366   This is the first study to show that u-PA-system expression might serve as a predictor of risk in intestinal metaplasias and preoperative biopsies, implicating consequences as to decision making for neoadjuvant therapy in gastric cancer. A correlation of u-PA-system expression with helicobacter pylori infection is seen. An independent impact of the u-PA-system on tumor recurrence and survival, and a correlation with u-PAR expression in minimal residual disease, is demonstrated in an independent gastric cancer series. Background: Prognostic relevance of u-PA, u-PAR, and PAI-1 in gastric cancer has never been demonstrated in independent patient series. Also, their role as predictors of aggressive phenotypes in preoperative biopsies, helicobacter-pylori infection, or intestinal metaplasia, has not been investigated simultaneously with resected tumors. This study was performed to 1. show prognostic relevance in an independent series, 2. evaluate u-PA-system-expression in preoperative biopsies as compared to resected tumors, 3. evaluate u-PA-system-expression in intestinal metaplasias and helicobacter infection. Methods: In 104 gastric cancer patients (median follow-up 68 months), u-PA, u-PAR and PAI-1 in tumors and metaplasias were evaluated immunohistochemically. Preoperative biopsies were evaluated in a subset. Patients were screened for helicobacter pylori (urease) and tumor cells in bone marrow (u-PAR/CK18). Results: u-PA/PAI-1 were confirmed as independent prognostic parameters, u-PAR being associated with a trend to poor prognosis; u-PA-system expression in tumors correlated significantly with u-PAR on disseminated tumor cells and helicobacter infection, implicating a role of helicobacter in protease induction. There was a significant correlation of u-PA-system staining in preoperative biopsies with results in resected tumors. U-PAR and PAI-1 in intestinal metaplasias were significantly associated with advanced tumor stage (pT) and lymph node involvement (pN) and correlated significantly with u-PA-system expression in tumors. Conclusions: This is the first study to show that u-PA-system-expression might serve as a predictor of risk in intestinal metaplasias and preoperative biopsies, implicating consequences for neoadjuvant therapy. Independent impact on recurrence/survival and correlation with u-PAR-expression in minimal residual disease have been identified in an independent series.
Validation of a new noninvasive method (contrast-enhanced transthoracic second harmonic echo Doppler) for the evaluation of coronary flow reserve
Authors: Carlo Caiati, Cristiana Montaldo, Norma Zedda, Roberta Montisci, Massimo Ruscazio, Giorgio Lai, Mauro Cadeddu, Luigi Meloni, Sabino Iliceto
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1999)
Domain-specific mutations in TGFB1 result in Camurati-Engelmann disease
Authors: Akira Kinoshita, Takashi Saito, Hiro-aki Tomita, Yoshio Makita, Kunihiro Yoshida, Mohsen Ghadami, Koki Yamada, Shinji Kondo, Shiro Ikegawa, Gen Nishimura, Yoshimitsu Fukushima, Tadashi Nakagomi, Haruki Saito, Takeo Sugimoto, Makoto Kamegaya, Kenji Hisa, Jeffrey C. Murray, Naoyuki Taniguchi, Norio Niikawa, Koh-ichiro Yoshiura
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
A Phase III, randomized, open‐label trial of ferumoxytol compared with iron sucrose for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in patients with a history of unsatisfactory oral iron therapy
Authors: David Hetzel, William Strauss, Kristine Bernard, Zhu Li, Audrone Urboniene, Lee F. Allen
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2014)

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common form of anemia worldwide. Although oral iron is used as first‐line treatment, many patients are unresponsive to or cannot take oral iron. This Phase III, open‐label, non‐inferiority study compared the efficacy and safety of ferumoxytol, a rapid, injectable intravenous (IV) iron product with low immunological reactivity and minimal detectable free iron, with IV iron sucrose in adults with IDA of any cause. Patients ( N = 605) were randomized 2:1 to receive ferumoxytol ( n = 406, two doses of 510 mg 5 ± 3 days apart) or iron sucrose ( n = 199, five doses of 200 mg on five nonconsecutive days over 14 days) and followed for 5 weeks. Ferumoxytol demonstrated noninferiority to iron sucrose at the primary endpoint, the proportion of patients achieving a hemoglobin increase of ≥2 g dL −1 at any time from Baseline to Week 5 (ferumoxytol, 84.0% [ n = 406] vs. iron sucrose, 81.4% [ n = 199]), with a noninferiority margin of 15%. Ferumoxytol was superior to iron sucrose (2.7 g dL −1 vs. 2.4 g dL −1 ) in the mean change in hemoglobin from Baseline to Week 5 (the alternative preplanned primary endpoint) with P = 0.0124. Transferrin saturation, quality‐of‐life measures, and safety outcomes were similar between the two treatment groups. Overall, ferumoxytol demonstrated comparable safety and efficacy to iron sucrose, suggesting that ferumoxytol may be a useful treatment option for patients with IDA in whom oral iron was unsatisfactory or could not be used. Am. J. Hematol. 89:646–650, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.