tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Rolla Bennett Hill, Jr, MD
Authors: Robert E. Anderson
Journal: JAMA (1996)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Outbreak of Varicella at a Day-Care Center despite Vaccination
Authors: Karin Galil, Brent Lee, Tara Strine, Claire Carraher, Andrew L. Baughman, Melinda Eaton, Jose Montero, Jane Seward
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2002)

In seven studies of the effectiveness of the varicella vaccine conducted since it was licensed, the effectiveness was 71 to 100 percent against disease of any severity and 95 to 100 percent against moderate and severe disease. We investigated an outbreak of varicella in a population of children with a high proportion of vaccinees who were attending a day-care center in a small community in New Hampshire.Using standardized questionnaires, we collected information about the children's medical and vaccination history from parents and health care providers. The analysis of the effectiveness of the vaccine and of risk factors for vaccine failure was restricted to children who were enrolled in the day-care center continuously during the outbreak and attended for one week or more and who were cared for in the building that represented the epicenter of the outbreak, since transmission was not documented in a second building.Varicella developed in 25 of 88 children (28.4 percent) between December 1, 2000, and January 11, 2001. The index case occurred in a healthy child who had been vaccinated three years previously and who infected more than 50 percent of his classmates who had no history of varicella. The effectiveness of the vaccine was 44.0 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 6.9 to 66.3 percent) against disease of any severity and 86.0 percent (95 percent confidence interval, 38.7 to 96.8 percent) against moderate or severe disease. Children who had been vaccinated three years or more before the outbreak were at greater risk for vaccine failure than those who had been vaccinated more recently (relative risk, 2.6 [95 percent confidence interval, 1.3 to 5.3]).In this outbreak, vaccination provided poor protection against varicella, although there was good protection against moderate or severe disease. A longer interval since vaccination was associated with an increased risk of vaccine failure. Breakthrough infections in vaccinated, healthy persons can be as infectious as varicella in unvaccinated persons.
Th17 lymphocytes traffic to the central nervous system independently of α4 integrin expression during EAE
Authors: Veit Rothhammer, Sylvia Heink, Franziska Petermann, Rajneesh Srivastava, Malte C. Claussen, Bernhard Hemmer, Thomas Korn
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (2011)

The integrin α4β1 (VLA-4) is used by encephalitogenic T cells to enter the central nervous system (CNS). However, both Th1 and Th17 cells are capable of inducing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), and the molecular cues mediating the infiltration of Th1 versus Th17 cells into the CNS have not yet been defined. We investigated how blocking of α4 integrins affected trafficking of Th1 and Th17 cells into the CNS during EAE. Although antibody-mediated inhibition of α4 integrins prevented EAE when MOG35-55-specific Th1 cells were adoptively transferred, Th17 cells entered the brain, but not the spinal cord parenchyma, irrespective of α4 blockade. Accordingly, T cell–conditional α4-deficient mice were not resistant to actively induced EAE but showed an ataxic syndrome with predominantly supraspinal infiltrates of IL-23R+CCR6+CD4+ T cells. The entry of α4-deficient Th17 cells into the CNS was abolished by blockade of LFA-1 (αLβ2 integrin). Thus, Th1 cells preferentially infiltrate the spinal cord via an α4 integrin–mediated mechanism, whereas the entry of Th17 cells into the brain parenchyma occurs in the absence of α4 integrins but is dependent on the expression of αLβ2. These observations have implications for the understanding of lesion localization, immunosurveillance, and drug design in multiple sclerosis.
Effect of ioglycamide (Biligram) on bile flow and biliary lipid secretion in man.
Authors: G D Bell, J Doran, M Fayadh, G Murphy, R H Dowling
Journal: Gut (1978)

Twenty-one anicteric patients with a t-tube in situ were studied between the ninth and 11th postoperative days. Eleven patients were given an intravenous infusion of the biliary contrast agent ioglycamide (Biligram), while the other 10 acted as controls. Bile flow was recorded and the biliary concentrations of ioglycamide, bile salt, phospholipid, and cholesterol estimated in the two groups. The biliary excretion of ioglycamide was associated with a significant choleresis which was probably due to the obligatory coupling of the osmotically active contrast agent molecules with water. Biliary ioglycamide excretion did not significantly alter bile salt secretion rates. In contrast, the biliary secretion of both phospholipid and cholesterol was significantly lowered (P less than 0.001). Unlike chenodeoxycholic acid, ioglycamide significantly reduced bile acid independent cholesterol secretion (P less than 0.01), although secretion rate in terms of mumol of bile acid was essentially unchanged.
Abstract 2286: p53-miR-dependent post-transcriptional circuits: mechanisms, targets and inter-individual variation
Authors: Yari Ciribilli, Alessandra Bisio, Veronica De Sanctis, Valerio Del Vescovo, Mattia Lion, Anil G. Jegga, Michela A. Denti, Alberto Inga
Journal: Cancer Research (2012)

Abstract Using bioinformatics approaches, we identified a group of candidate microRNAs (miRs) for direct p53 transcriptional control. To validate p53 family-mediated control of the newly predicted target miRs we evaluated the potential for wild type p53, p63α and p73α to transactivate from p53 response elements (REs) mapped at the miR promoters. Results obtained with an established yeast-based assay indicated that the REs found at miR-10b, -23b, -106a, -151, -191, -198, -202, -221, -320, -1204, -1026 genes were responsive to p53 of which 8 were also responsive to p63α or p73α. ChIP assays in doxorubicin-treated HCT116 cells -p53+/+ vs p53-/– revealed moderate p53 occupancy at the miR-202, -1206 sites, and weak occupancy at miR-10b, -191. RT-qPCR analyses in HCT116 and MCF7 cells showed modest doxorubicin- and/or p53-dependent regulation for miR-23b, -151, -191. We then focused on miR-191 and its potential impact on MDM4, an important modulator of p53. The A&amp;gt;C SNP (rs4245739) in the proximal portion of the MDM4 3′UTR occurs in a predicted binding site for miR-191, with the A allele resulting in a mismatch at the predicted miR-191 seed. This SNP is in strong association with the tag-SNP (rs2369244) within the MDM4 haplotype that was reported to impact on cancer risk. Using MCF7 and HCT116 cells that are heterozygous for rs4245739, we examined at the endogenous MDM4 gene level the impact of varying the expression of miR-191. A slight allelic imbalance was observed by allele-specific qPCR when miR-191 was over-expressed, and the co-transfection of miR-34a, for which seed sequences are predicted in the distal portion of the MDM4-3′UTR, had an additive effect, leading to ∼20% reduction of the C-allele. Western blot analyses indicated that steady-state MDM4 protein levels were reduced by miR-191 and/or miR-34a overexpression. Our study reveals additional miRs that could be directly regulated by the p53-family of transcription factors and could contribute to the tuning of p53-induced responses with the possibility of inter-individual variations due to functional SNPs. Citation Format: {Authors}. {Abstract title} [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 103rd Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2012 Mar 31-Apr 4; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2012;72(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 2286. doi:1538-7445.AM2012-2286
Managed care involvement by cardiovascular specialists: Prevalence, attitudes and influence on practice
Authors: Anthony N. DeMaria, Mary Allen Engle, Donald C. Harrison, Richard D. Judge, Nicholas T. Kouchoukos, Thomas H. Lee, Penny S. Mills, Lawrence S. Ganslaw, Joshua J. Seidman
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1994)

Objectives. The purpose of this study was to determine the involvement in and attitudes toward managed care by cardiovascular specialists and the influence of such programs on their practices. Background. No in-depth study has measured the impact of managed care on cardiovascular specialists. Therefore, we conducted a mail survey to determine the prevalence of managed care arrangements among cardiovascular specialists and variations among pediatric and adult cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons; the types of managed care arrangements in which cardiovascular specialists are engaged; the reasons why those not participating in managed care have chosen not to do so; and the general attitudes among cardiovascular specialists with regard to various aspects of managed care. In addition, we evaluated the impact of managed care among several aspects of cardiovascular practice. Methods. A questionnaire was mailed in the spring of 1993 to 4,577 practicing, domestic, American College of Cardiology (ACC members selected at random from within each primary cardiovascular specialty group (adult cardiologists, pediatric cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons). Additional data concerning practice characteristics were cross tabulated using results from the 1992 ACC membership profile survey. Results. In total, 1,961 of the 4,577 members responded to the survey, representing a 43% response rate. Of all survey respondents, 76% reported entering into at least one relationship with a health maintenance organization (HMO) or preferred provider organization (PPO). Of those not participating in managed care arrangements, the most frequently mentioned reason was "concern over the quality of care." This reason was cited by 51% of those not entering into HMO relationships and 41% of those not participating in PPOs. The majority of respondents indicated that they do not strongly object to the gatekeeper approach to managing nonemergent patienis, although more than half indicated concern that gatekeepers may not be appropriate in the management of cardiac emergencies. In addition, cardiovascular specialists report that under managed care, referrals have not increased, income has decreased, and managed care formularies have not substantially affected their ability to prescribe appropriate medication to their patients. Conclusions. Despite concerns over the quality of care and contract requirements and general philosophical opposition of cardiovascular specialists, most are becoming integrated into managed care environments.
Case 30-1980
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Robert E. Scully, James J. Galdabini, Betty U. McNeely, Samuel R. Schuster, David L. Gang
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1980)

Presentation of CaseAn 11-year-old girl was admitted to the hospital because of a question of pericardial effusion.She was born of an uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery, and her early growth and development were considered normal. At the age of three years she had a fracture of the right arm. X-ray films of the bones (Fig. 1) showed multiple radiolucent cyst-like lesions, and a diagnosis of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia was made. The child was examined semiannually thereafter and appeared well.One month before admission she stayed home from school for a day because of fatigue. A physician found no abnormality, . . .
Presbyesophagus: Esophageal Motility in Nonagenarians*
Authors: Konrad H. Soergel, F. Frank Zboralske, John R. Amberg
Journal: Journal of Clinical Investigation (1964)

Intraluminal manometry and cineradiography have permitted the characterization of esophageal motor activity in various pathologic states, notably achalasia, diffuse spasm, hiatus hernia, reflux esophagitis, and collagen diseases.The results of such investigations have been compared with those obtained from young or middle-aged normal subjects, without consideration of the effect of aging alone.Changes of esophageal motor function occur- ring with advanced age, although alluded to in the literature (1-7), have not been systematically studied.We have investigated 15 subjects of 90 years of age and older in an attempt to find an- swers to the following related questions: What are the changes in esophageal function related to age alone?Does the aged esophagus simulate any of the known clinical disorders of this organ? MethodsFifteen individuals from 90 to 97 years of age were studied; 13 were males and 2 females.Some were convalescing hospital patients; others were receiving nursing home care.A complete medical history was ob- tained, and a physical examination was performed by one of the authors.Patients with gastric, esophageal, or central nervous system disease, other than senile de- mentia, were excluded.Four of the subjects had a moderate degree of senile dementia with confusion and defects in recent memory; 4 subjects were bedridden.Deep tendon reflexes and the perception of pin pricks and vibration were frequently absent or impaired (Table I).Ten suffered from a number of chronic ailments common in this age group, such as diabetes and ischemic heart disease.One sub- ject had a mild, normochromic anemia (11.4 g hemo- *
DIFFUSION OF ARSENIC THROUGH THE BODY WHEN THROWN INTO THE MOUTH AND RECTUM AFTER DEATH.
Authors: Victor C. Vaughan
Journal: JAMA (1883)

Within the past six months there has been tried, in this State (Michigan), a murder case, in which an interesting and important question was presented to the medical experts. The facts of the case, so far as expert testimony was concerned, are briefly as follows:—Mathew Millard was accused of poisoning his wife with arsenic. The lady was taken sick about April 18, 1882. She was seen nearly every day, and sometimes twice a day, by a physician, and twice the attending physician had counsel. The lady had long been subject to uterine trouble (the nature of this trouble does not seem to have been understood by the attending physician). During her illness she vomited frequently, and, indeed, seldom retained either food or medicine. The testimony as to the symptoms manifested was so confused and conflicting that nothing could be made out of it. The attending physician thought she had fever,
Re: Damien Pouessel, Stéphane Culine. High Frequency of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Metastatic Renal Carcinoma Patients with Brain Metastases Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Targeting the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor. Eur Urol 2008;53:376–81
Authors: Camillo Porta, Ilaria Imarisio, Chiara Paglino
Journal: European Urology (2007)
STUDY OF HEREDITARY FRUCTOSE INTOLERANCE BY USE OF 31P MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY
Authors: RolfD. Oberhaensli, DorisJ. Taylor, Bheeshma Rajagopalan, GeorgeK. Radda, JaneE. Collins, JamesV. Leonard, Hanspeter Schwarz, Norbert Herschkowitz
Journal: The Lancet (1987)
Age and Hypertension Differently Affect Coronary Contractions to Endothelin-1, Serotonin, and Angiotensins
Authors: M.R. Tschudi, T.F. Lüscher
Journal: Circulation (1995)

Endothelium-derived substances and the renin-angiotensin system are important regulators of vascular tone. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of age and hypertension on vascular function of rat coronary arteries.Rings of the left anterior descending coronary artery were isolated from Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) at 12 (younger) and 72 (older) weeks of age and suspended in myographs (37 degrees C, 95% O2/5% CO2) for isometric tension recording. Systolic blood pressure was higher in SHR than in WKY rats (P < .05) but was unaffected by age in both strains. Active wall tension to KCl 100 mmol/L (mN/mm) was decreased in younger (0.28 +/- 0.03, n = 9) and older SHR (0.49 +/- 0.06, n = 13) compared with age-matched WKY rats (0.87 +/- 0.05, n = 9 and 1.51 +/- 0.11, n = 11, respectively, P < .05). In both strains, active wall tension to endothelin-1 and serotonin increased with age (n = 6 to 10, P < .05) but was decreased in younger and older SHR compared with WKY rats (P < .05). Active wall tension induced by angiotensin I 10(-7) mol/L was increased in older SHR (0.19 +/- 0.04, n = 7) compared with younger SHR (0.04 +/- 0.01, n = 9) but was similar in younger and older WKY rats (0.10 +/- 0.02 versus 0.15 +/- 0.03, n = 6 to 9) and younger SHR. In younger WKY rats and SHR, pretreatment of coronary arteries with benazeprilat 10(-5) mol/L (n = 5 for each) almost completely abolished the contractions to angiotensin I 10(-7) mol/L. Active wall tension to angiotensin II 10(-7) mol/L was comparable in all four groups, but compared with the contraction to KCl 100 mmol/L, the response was already increased in younger SHR (29 +/- 3%, n = 9) compared with the younger WKY rats (14 +/- 3%, n = 9, P < .05), but it was unaffected by age in both strains. In vitro treatment of younger WKY rat and SHR coronary arteries with the nonpeptide angiotensin II (AT1) receptor antagonist valsartan 10(-5) mol/L (n = 3 for each) fully suppressed contractions to angiotensin II 10(-7) mol/L. In contrast, endothelium-independent relaxations to the nitrovasodilator sodium nitroprusside, endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine, and endothelium-dependent contractions to N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester were comparable in all four groups of rats.In summary, in rat coronary arteries, contractile responses to endothelin-1, serotonin, and KCl increase with age but are decreased by hypertension. In contrast, the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway remains unaffected. The contractions to angiotensin I markedly increased with increasing duration of hypertension in the SHR only. Despite overall reduced contractile responses of SHR coronary arteries, contractions to angiotensin II were maintained. Hence, aging and hypertension affect contractile responses of rat coronary arteries to vasoconstrictor agonists differently.
Impotence in diabetic and non-diabetic hospital outpatients.
Authors: E Lester, A J Grant, F J Woodroffe
Journal: BMJ (1980)

recommendations for hydrallazine therapy and previous evidence.1 3 One report is consistent with our experience.5Autoimmune phenomena were also more frequent in asymptomatic slow acetylators receiving 200 mg hydrallazine a day or less.This has previously been reported only in patients taking over 200 mg hydrallazine daily.2Our study indicates that conventionally "safe" doses of hydrallazine may cause both asymptomatic autoimmune phenomena and a lupus syndrome which is not always mild or transient and may require steroids.Potentially serious hydrallazine toxicity is a possibility in all patients taking this drug even after many months of uncomplicated treatment, but especially in slow acetylators in whom constant vigilance for early symptoms is necessary.
Government wants patient partnership to be integral part of NHS
Authors: G. Stuart
Journal: BMJ (1999)

EDITOR—I am delighted that this edition of the BMJ focuses on the issues of patient and public participation in health care. This government is strongly committed to the principles of partnership between the NHS, its patients, their carers, and the public. Its policies will be clearly stated this month in a new document Patient and Public Involvement in the New NHS .

This new document sets out the action which the NHS Executive is taking to ensure that patient partnership is central …
The tabloid fixation on superbugs
Authors: Peter Wilson
Journal: BMJ (2004)

“ S uperbug crisis worse than feared,” “Superbug kills 22 in one hospital in a year,” “Our squalid hospitals: no wonder the MRSA superbug is so rife,” “We find 80 times danger level of MRSA in hospital.” The media in the United Kingdom have developed a fascination for methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus recently. The New York Times was moved to observe that “newspapers around the country have been clamoring to find victims and to publish their sordid stories.” Most articles centre on poor hand hygiene of staff and the state of cleanliness of the hospitals, illustrating the problem with some unfortunate patient's story. Some even include cases of methicillin sensitive S aureus (MSSA), particularly if it happens to involve a minor celebrity.

There is little doubt that MRSA infection can be difficult to treat and may spread easily to some patients. Infections prolong stays in hospital and can increase mortality. The number of lawsuits citing MRSA infection is increasing exponentially. However, MRSA has been a constant problem in many UK hospitals since 1993, so why has attention become so intense now?

Part of the coverage stemmed from the publication in mid-July of the National Audit Office's report on hospital acquired infection, which noted disappointing progress since …
Distinguishing proximal from distal causes is useful and compatible with accounts of compensatory processing in developmental disorders of cognition
Authors: Nancy Ewald Jackson, Max Coltheart
Journal: Behavioral and Brain Sciences (2002)

Models of the architecture of mature cognitive systems can inform the study of normal and disordered cognitive development, if one distinguishes between proximal and distal causes of performance. The assumption of residual normality need not be made in order to apply adult models to performance early in development, because these models can be modified to reflect the results of compensatory processing.
A rare case of disseminated intravascular coagulation after endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer
Authors: S. Kang, J. Kim, E. Kim, H. Moon, S. Kim, B. Lee, J. Sung, H. Jeong
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Endoscopic treatment of early gastric cancer (EGC) is currently standard practice in Korea and Japan [1]. Although there are many causes of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), it occurs mostly after sepsis, wide tissue damage, and obstetric complications [2]. The authors report a case of DIC after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which has never been reported before.
PRELIMINARY MECHANISTIC OBSERVATIONS OF DECREASE MITRAL REGURGITATION SEVERITY AFTER AORTIC VALVE REPLACEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE ISOLATED AORTIC STENOSIS AND FUNCTIONAL MITRAL REGURGITATION
Authors: Visali Kodali, Florentina Petillo, Simcha Pollack, Nathaniel Reichek, Eddy Barasch
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (2010)