tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Explanations to the Patient
Authors: Robert F. Sanke
Journal: JAMA (1984)

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> The article entitled "Memo to<i>JAMA</i>"<sup>1</sup>must certainly have aroused reflection within the medical profession. The patient indeed has the right to know his or her diagnosis, even if it is limited to the vague statement, "I'm not positively sure just yet, but I think that probably..." He or she may also expect a brief explanation of the disease mechanism in lay terms. Other considerations aside, this facilitates patient compliance. While important, the teaching aspect of medical practice is neither absolute nor immutable, however, and must be tempered to the particular patient and circumstances. Most physicians, I suspect, are pleased to explain a diagnosis or disease process to an interested patient. The same depth of explanation obviously cannot be used for every patient, nor is it possible with every disorder. Yet, ideally, some element of teaching is present in each patient encounter. Some patients are more
Histopathologic Features of the Tumor Budding in Adenocarcinoma of the Lung: Tumor Budding As an Index to Predict the Potential Aggressiveness
Authors: Yoko Yamaguchi, Genichiro Ishii, Motohiro Kojima, Kiyotaka Yoh, Hajime Otsuka, Yoichi Otaki, Keiju Aokage, Shingo Yanagi, Kanji Nagai, Yutaka Nishiwaki, Atsushi Ochiai
Journal: Journal of Thoracic Oncology (2010)
Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 antibodies enhance the specificity and anticancer activity of light-sensitive doxorubicin-labeled liposomes
Authors: Qingpo Li, Qin Tang, Peizun Zhang, Zuhua Wang, Tiantian Zhao, Jialin Zhou, Hongrui Li, Qian Ding, Wei Li, Fuqiang Hu, Yongzhong Du, Hong Yuan, Shuqing Chen, Jianqing Gao, Jinbiao Zhan, Jian You
Journal: Biomaterials (2015)
Atrial natriuretic peptides in canine hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction
Authors: J.-L. Vachiery, P. Lejeune, R. Hallemans, S. Brimioulle, M.-F. Debieve, M. Abramow, R. Naeije
Journal: Cardiovascular Research (1990)

Journal Article Atrial natriuretic peptides in canine hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction Get access Jean-Luc Vachiery, Jean-Luc Vachiery Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Philippe Lejeune, Philippe Lejeune Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Roger Hallemans, Roger Hallemans Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Serge Brimioulle, Serge Brimioulle Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Marie-France Debiève, Marie-France Debiève Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Maurice Abramow, Maurice Abramow Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Robert Naeije Robert Naeije Laboratory of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erasmus Campus, Free University of Brussels, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Cardiovascular Research, Volume 24, Issue 5, May 1990, Pages 352–357, https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/24.5.352 Published: 01 May 1990 Article history Received: 07 August 1989 Accepted: 15 December 1989 Published: 01 May 1990
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTION
Authors: Harold J. Simon
Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine (1963)

An aerosol-induced staphylococcal infection of previously non-infected guinea pigs is described. Investigations concerning the dynamics of this infection indicate that: 1. An infection ("carrier state") could be established predictably in every animal exposed to the aerosol inoculum. 2. Infection was limited to the upper respiratory tract and occurred without apparent systemic dissemination. 3. Cross-infection between infected and non-infected animals did not occur. 4. The initially established infection persisted in detectable form for 6 days or less in the majority of exposed animals. 5. Tetracycline administration prior to and following aerosol infection with tetracycline-resistant strains significantly prolonged the duration of the carrier state. 6. When tetracycline-resistant strains were employed, the infection could be recalled predictably by means of tetracycline administration. 7. Infection initiated with a tetracycline-susceptible strain could not be recalled by tetracycline administration. 8. The mechanism(s) of action of tetracycline in recalling the attenuated infection is (are) unknown. It (they) may not be wholly attributable to ecological changes alone, at least as these are usually considered. The indigenous microflora diminished and changed as a result of tetracycline administration, and no growth-enhancing effect of the antimicrobial of the infection strains was detectable in vitro. 9. The experimental model described lends itself well to the study of attenuated staphylococcal infection in guinea pigs, and to more general studies of staphylococcal epidemiology and pathogenesis.
A NOTE ON "IDIOPATHIC" ELEPHANTIASIS NOSTRAS OF LOWER LIMBS AND ITS RELATION TO TROPHŒDEMA AND MILROY'S DISEASE
Authors: F. PARKES WEBER
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1923)

Journal Article A NOTE ON “IDIOPATHIC” ELEPHANTIASIS NOSTRAS OF LOWER LIMBS AND ITS RELATION TO TROPHŒDEMA AND MILROY'S DISEASE Get access F. PARKES WEBER, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. F. PARKES WEBER, M.A., M.D., F.R.C.P. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar British Journal of Dermatology and Syphilis, Volume 35, Issue 6, 1 June 1923, Pages 225–229, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.1923.tb09111.x Published: 01 June 1923
Cardiac stress protein elevation 24 hours after brief ischemia or heat stress is associated with resistance to myocardial infarction.
Authors: M S Marber, D S Latchman, J M Walker, D M Yellon
Journal: Circulation (1993)

BACKGROUND To test the hypothesis that the heat shock response is associated with myocardial salvage, the heat stress protein (HSP) content of cardiac tissue was increased by either ischemic or thermal stress. METHODS AND RESULTS Rabbits were divided into four groups. Ischemic pretreatment (n = 15) comprised four 5-minute episodes of coronary ligation separated by 10 minutes of reperfusion. The corresponding control group (n = 21) underwent surgical preparation without coronary ligation. Thermal pretreatment (n = 16) involved whole-body temperature elevation to 42 degrees C for 15 minutes; corresponding controls (n = 15) were treated with anesthetic alone. Twenty-four hours later, hearts were removed for HSP estimation or infarct size assessment after a 30-minute coronary ligation. Myocardial HSP72 content assessed by Western blotting was elevated by both ischemic and thermal pretreatments (2.5 +/- 0.2 units, n = 4, and 2.8 +/- 0.3 units, n = 4, mean +/- SEM; P = NS, respectively) compared with the corresponding control groups (1.0 +/- 0.3, n = 4, P &lt; or = .01 and 0.3 +/- 0.1, n = 4, P &lt; or = .01, respectively). HSP60 was preferentially elevated by ischemic pretreatment. After a 30-minute coronary occlusion and 120 minutes of reperfusion, ischemic and thermal pretreatments limited infarct size as a percentage of the volume at risk by 28.8 +/- 5.2% vs 52.0 +/- 5.2%, P &lt; or = .01 and 32.8 +/- 3.8% vs 56.9 +/- 6.5%, P &lt; or = .01, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial stress protein induced by either sublethal thermal or ischemic injury is associated with myocardial salvage. Our findings suggest that stress protein elevation, rather than the nonspecific effects of thermal or ischemic stress, may be responsible for the myocardial protection seen in this model. Our observations may have important implications regarding myocardial adaptation to brief periods of ischemia.
Janet Elizabeth Macgregor
Authors: Caroline Richmond
Journal: BMJ (2005)

Pioneer of cervical screeningBetty Macgregor was the cytologist who made northeast Scotland the United Kingdom's first centre for systematic cervical screening.It was because of her published results that screening was taken up throughout the UK.She published important papers on many aspects of screening, including cervical cytology, the epidemiology of cervical cancer, improving the prognosis, cost effectiveness, cervical abnormalities in various subgroups of women, and the problems of false negative results.Her booklet Taking Uterine Cervical Smears (1982), published by the British Society of Clinical Cytology, sold 25 000 copies.Betty McPherson was born in Glasgow in 1920.When she was 7 her mother died from tuberculosis.Betty studied medicine at Glasgow University during the second world war, qualifying in 1943.She met Alastair Macgregor there, and they married a year later.She did her house jobs at Glasgow Royal Infirmary and Western General Hospital.During the next few years she raised their four children and worked part time in child welfare clinics.In 1958 Alastair was appointed to the regius chair of materia medica and therapeutics at Aberdeen University.
Increasing suicide rates in young adults.
Authors: A Lowy, P Burton, A Briggs
Journal: BMJ (1990)

acetylator phenotype is more common in insulin dependent diabetics than control populations and might be an additional genetic marker for the disease. The results of correlation analyses must be inter? preted with caution. They can be used only for generating a hypothesis, not for testing it. Our results, however, suggest an association that is biologically plausible, provided early triggering of insulin de? pendent diabetes is accepted. We intend to test our hypothesis in animals.
A history of the American Heart Association's Council on Clinical Cardiology.
Authors: W B Fye
Journal: Circulation (1993)

This essay reviews the founding and early history of the Council on Clinical Cardiology of the American Heart Association (AHA), the largest of the AHA's 14 councils. Based on archival research, it stresses the factors that led to the council's formation and shaped its agenda. The council was established in the context of the AHA's transition from a professional society to a voluntary health organization in 1948. But the direct stimulus for its creation was the American College of Cardiology's (ACC) first membership drive 3 years later. When the AHA's Section (later Council) on Clinical Cardiology was formally established in 1952, its official purpose was to "facilitate and encourage investigation, prevention, treatment and education in the field of clinical cardiology." Originally strained, the relations between the AHA and the ACC improved as the organizations came to view each other as potential partners rather than rivals.
Urinary and biliary excretion of aluminoxamine and ferrioxamine in dogs with various renal function
Authors: Patrick C. D'Haese, Ludwig V. Lamberts, Gert A. Verpooten, Wouter Vaneerdeweg, Angelika Jurgens, Sahak Arakelian, Ara Babloyan, Panagiotis Digenis, Wiebren Tjalma, Marc E. De Broe
Journal: Kidney International (1994)
Complementary and Alternative Medical Therapies: Implications for Medical Education
Authors: Miriam S. Wetzel, Ted J. Kaptchuk, Aviad Haramati, David M. Eisenberg
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2003)

Increased use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) has made it imperative that these topics be included in medical education from the preclinical years through residency and beyond. There has been progress in this direction in recent years, with a steady increase in the number of medical schools that include CAM therapies in their curricula. There remains, however, a lack of clear goals and concrete suggestions for implementing these changes. This article examines the questions that arise when medical educators consider how to incorporate CAM therapies as an integral part of the medical curriculum. It offers practical suggestions for finding time in an already packed curriculum, getting started, including faculty and students in the process, and sustaining the initiative with the necessary administrative and institutional support.
Violence in Darfur region is jeopardising world's largest aid operation
Authors: Peter Moszynski
Journal: BMJ (2006)

Humanitarian operations in Darfur are threatened by an upsurge of violence against relief personnel, the United Nations has warned.

“During the second half of July we lost more aid workers than over the previous two years,” said Mike McDonagh, humanitarian affairs officer at the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs in Khartoum.

The main reasons for violence against humanitarian workers are tension and rumours among the local population. “We are now in the third—and for …
Persistent protective effect of heat-killed Escherichia coli producing “engineered,” recombinant peanut proteins in a murine model of peanut allergy
Authors: Xiu-Min Li, Kamal Srivastava, Alexander Grishin, Chih-Kang Huang, Brian Schofield, Wesley Burks, Hugh A. Sampson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2003)
Chronic liver disease in central harlem: The role of alcohol and viral hepatitis
Authors: Thomas R. Frieden, Lisa Ozick, Colin McCord, Omana V. Nainan, Sara Workman, Gail Comer, Tai Ping Lee, Kwan-Soo Byun, Dhiren Patel, Kelly J. Henning
Journal: Hepatology (1999)

For reasons not yet determined, chronic liver disease (CLD) has been a leading cause of excess morbidity and mortality in central Harlem. We conducted a case series and case–control analysis of demographic, clinical, epidemiological, and alcohol–intake-related information from patients with CLD and age– and sex–matched hospitalized control patients. Patients' sera were tested for markers of viral hepatitis. The presumed etiology of CLD among case–patients was as follows: both alcohol abuse and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, 24 persons (46% of case–patients); alcohol abuse alone, 15 (29%); HCV infection alone, 6 (12%); both alcohol abuse and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 3 (6%); and 1 each (2%) from: 1) schistosomiasis, 2) sarcoidosis, 3) unknown causes, and 4) alcohol abuse, chronic HBV, and HCV combined. In the case–control analysis, patients who had both alcoholism and either HBV (odds ratio [OR]: 6.3; 95% CI: 0.5–334) or HCV (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 1.3–6.2) were at increased risk for CLD, whereas patients who had only one of these three factors were not at increased risk for CLD. Patients who tested positive for the hepatitis G virus (HGV) did not have a significantly increased risk of CLD, and neither severity of CLD nor mortality was greater among these patients. Most patients in central Harlem who had CLD had liver damage from a combination of alcohol abuse and chronic viral hepatitis. Alcohol and hepatitis viruses appear to be synergistically hepatotoxic; this synergy appears to explain both the high rate of CLD in central Harlem and the recent reductions in this rate. Persons at risk for chronic HBV and HCV infection should be counseled about their increased risk of CLD if they consume excessive alcohol. Morbidity and mortality from liver disease could be decreased further by a reduction in alcohol consumption among persons who have chronic HBV and HCV infection, avoidance of needle sharing, and hepatitis B vaccination.
Histology after stenting of human saphenous vein bypass grafts: Observations from surgically excised grafts 3 to 320 days after stent implantation
Authors: Heleen M.M. van Beusekom, Willem J. van der Giessen, Robert J. van Suylen, Egbert Bos, FréT. Bosman, Patrick W. Serruys
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1993)
TIM-1 and TIM-4 Glycoproteins Bind Phosphatidylserine and Mediate Uptake of Apoptotic Cells
Authors: Norimoto Kobayashi, Piia Karisola, Victor Peña-Cruz, David M. Dorfman, Masahisa Jinushi, Sarah E. Umetsu, Manish J. Butte, Haruo Nagumo, Irene Chernova, Baogong Zhu, Arlene H. Sharpe, Susumu Ito, Glenn Dranoff, Gerardo G. Kaplan, Jose M. Casasnovas, Dale T. Umetsu, Rosemarie H. DeKruyff, Gordon J. Freeman
Journal: Immunity (2007)
Distribution of major histocompatibility antigens in normal skin
Authors: T.J. HARRIST, D.J. RUITER, M.C. MIHM, A.K. BHAN
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (1983)

The distribution of major histocompatibility antigens HLA‐A, BiC (HLA), β2‐microglobulin (β2m), and la‐like antigens (HLA‐DR; la) in normal skin was studied in frozen tissue sections by a four‐step immunoperoxidase method and an avidin‐biotin method employing monoclonal antibodies. HLA and β2m were present on the basal and spinous keratinocytes of the epidermis, on the outer root sheath epithelium in the infundibulum of the hair follicle, and on the excretory sebaceous duct epithelium. Ia‐positivc dendritic cells were found in the epidermis and hair follicles, but they were more frequent in the infundibulum and isthmus of the hair follicle than in its inferior portion or in the epidermis. In the straight eccrine duct, HLA and β2m‐positivity was most striking in its lower portion. In the superficial duct, there was a less intense staining using the four‐step procedure, but when an avidin‐biotin method was used, the difference was less apparent. In contrast, the acrosyringial epithelium was markedly la‐positive with decreasing intensity of staining as the duct penetrated the dermis. No HLA or la antigens were identified in eccrine glands and apocrine glands. Eccrine glands were slightly β2m‐positive. HLA and β2m were uniformly present in non‐dilated and dilated intradermal apocrine ducts.
Exposure to Non-Viral Antigen During Severe Paramyxoviral Respiratory Infections is Sufficient to Generate Airway Hyper-Reactivity Upon Subsequent Non-Viral Antigen Challenge
Authors: S.J. Ehlenbach, R.T. Kitchens, S. Swanson, M.H. Grayson
Journal: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (2009)
Marihuana and Tidal Volume
Authors: Robert Schwin
Journal: JAMA (1973)

To the Editor.—  In the 19th century, cannabis products were commonly used in the treatment of asthma. 1-3 Smoking marihuana, on the other hand, is associated with bronchitis and other deleterious effects on lung function. 4 The present report deals with acute marihuana effects on pulmonary capacity in nonasthmatic regular marihuana smokers.  Method.—  Thirty-one healthy men between the ages of 21 and 30 years who had smoked marihuana frequently for at least two years were studied; more than half had smoked marihuana at least once a week for four or more years. About half were cigarette smokers. None had current respiratory complaints or a history of pulmonary disease.  Subjects were randomly assigned to a marihuana group (N =15) or placebo group (N = 16). The marihuana contained 1.5% tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), while the placebo consisted of cannabis tobacco with THC removed. The National Institute of Mental Health provided the drug and the placebo.
Immunohistochemical localisation of urogastrone to human duodenal and submandibular glands.
Authors: P U Heitz, M Kasper, S van Noorden, J M Polak, H Gregory, A G Pearse
Journal: Gut (1978)

Urogastrone has been localised by immunostaining to granules of the cells of human duodenal (Brunner's) glands and their ducts and of acinar cells in the human submandibular gland. The immunoreactive peptide is present in large quantities in duodenal glands and their secretory ducts. Urogastrone or human epidermal growth factor promotes cellular proliferation in vivo as well as in vitro and inhibits gastric acid secretion and may, therefore, be one of the duodenal factors inhibiting gastric activity. Thus it may have an important regulatory and protective function for the intestinal mucosa and may possibly become a useful therapeutic agent.
A Comparison of Electrophysiologically Guided Antiarrhythmic Drug Therapy with Beta-Blocker Therapy in Patients with Symptomatic, Sustained Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias
Authors: Gerhard Steinbeck, Dietrich Andresen, Peter Bach, Ralph Haberl, Michael Oeff, Ellen Hoffmann, Enz-Rüdiger von Leitner
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1992)

Antiarrhythmic drug therapy guided by invasive electrophysiologic testing is now widely used in patients with symptomatic, sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Case 37-2000
Authors: John E. Ready, Suzanne B. Keel
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2000)

Presentation of CaseAn 11-day-old boy was admitted to the hospital because of an osteolytic lesion in the right tibia.The infant was born at 39 1/2 weeks' gestation to a woman who had had one previous pregnancy, which had ended in a spontaneous abortion. Her immunizations were up to date. She had attended all prenatal examinations and had taken prenatal vitamins. She had refused a test to measure the alpha-fetoprotein level and an amniocentesis. The results of all other routine prenatal laboratory tests were normal, and a vaginal culture for group B streptococci was negative. Vaginal delivery was induced . . .
1005 PARTIAL VIROLOGICAL RESPONSE TO ENTECAVIR IN TREATMENT-NAIVE CHRONIC HEPATITIS B: AN EVALUATION OF EASL GUIDELINE
Authors: Y.E. Chon, S.U. Kim, J.Y. Park, D.Y. Kim, K.-H. Han, C.Y. Chon, Y.M. Moon, S.H. Ahn
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2010)
Production of Interferon-Inducible Protein-10 and Its Role as an Autocrine Invasion Factor in Nasal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma Cells
Authors: Shigetaka Moriai, Miki Takahara, Takeshi Ogino, Toshihiro Nagato, Kan Kishibe, Hideyuki Ishii, Akihiro Katayama, Norio Shimizu, Yasuaki Harabuchi
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2009)

Nasal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma is associated with Epstein-Barr virus and has poor prognosis because of local invasion and/or multiple dissemination. Recently, the role of chemokines/chemokine receptors in tumor proliferation and invasion has been shown. In this study, we examined whether the specific chemokines were related to the tumor behaviors in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma.A chemokine protein array was used to examine specific chemokines produced by SNK-6 and SNT-8 (Epstein-Barr virus-positive nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma lines). The expression of interferon gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and the IP-10 receptor CXCR3 was investigated by ELISA and flow cytometry. Cell growth and invasion were assessed by the MTT and Matrigel invasion assays, respectively. Immunohistologic staining and ELISA were used to examine IP-10 expression in biopsies and sera from patients, respectively.IP-10 was specifically produced by SNK-6 and SNT-8. Moreover, CXCR3 was expressed on the NK cell lines. Functionally, IP-10 did not affect cell proliferation but enhanced cell invasion. In biopsy samples, IP-10 and CXCR3 expressions were detected in the lymphoma cells. Serum IP-10 levels in the patients were much higher than those of healthy controls and the levels were decreased during the complete remission phase after treatments.These results suggest that IP-10 may play an important role in cell invasion in nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma through an autocrine mechanism.