tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Tear Cathepsin S as a Candidate Biomarker for Sjögren's Syndrome
Authors: Sarah F. Hamm‐Alvarez, Srikanth R. Janga, Maria C. Edman, Sara Madrigal, Mihir Shah, Starleen E. Frousiakis, Kavita Renduchintala, Jay Zhu, Seth Bricel, Kimberly Silka, Dianne Bach, Martin Heur, Stratos Christianakis, Daniel G. Arkfeld, John Irvine, Wendy J. Mack, William Stohl
Journal: Arthritis & Rheumatology (2014)

Objective The diagnosis of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in routine practice is largely a clinical one and requires a high index of suspicion by the treating physician. This great dependence on clinical judgment frequently leads to delayed diagnosis or misdiagnosis. Tear protein profiles have been proposed as simple and reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of SS. Given that cathepsin S activity is increased in the lacrimal glands and tears of NOD mice (a murine model of SS), the aim of this study was to explore the clinical utility of using tear cathepsin S (CTSS) activity as a biomarker for SS. Methods A method to measure CTSS activity in tears eluted from Schirmer's test strips was developed and validated. Schirmer's tests were performed and CTSS activity measurements were obtained in 278 female subjects, including 73 with SS, 79 with rheumatoid arthritis, 40 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 10 with blepharitis, 31 with nonspecific dry eye disease, and 12 with other autoimmune diseases, as well as 33 healthy control subjects. Results The median tear CTSS activity in patients with SS was 4.1‐fold higher than that in patients with other autoimmune diseases, 2.1‐fold higher than that in patients with nonspecific dry eye disease, and 41.1‐fold higher than that in healthy control subjects. Tear CTSS levels were equally elevated in patients with primary SS and those with secondary SS, independent of the Schirmer's test strip values or the levels of circulating anti‐SSA or anti‐SSB antibodies. Conclusion Markedly high levels of tear CTSS activity are suggestive of SS. CTSS activity in tears can be measured in a simple, quick, economical, and noninvasive manner and may serve as a novel biomarker for autoimmune dacryoadenitis during the diagnostic evaluation for SS.
Understanding the burden of musculoskeletal conditions
Authors: A. D Woolf
Journal: BMJ (2001)

The burden is huge and not reflected in national health priorities 

Musculoskeletal conditions have an enormous and growing impact world wide. “Health 21,” the health for all policy framework for the World Health Organization's European region,1 identifies musculoskeletal conditions as a target, yet national health care priorities in the United Kingdom and most European countries do not include them. To address this imbalance the United Nation, the WHO, governments, and professional and patients' organisations have declared 2000-10 the “bone and joint decade” with the aim of improving the health related quality of life of people with musculoskeletal conditions.

Although one of the aims of the decade is to increase the recognition and understanding of the burden posed by musculoskeletal conditions, there are already enough data to show the size of the problem. Musculoskeletal impairments ranked number one in chronic impairments in the United States,2 and chronic musculoskeletal pain is reported in surveys by 1 in 4 people in both less and more developed countries.3 Musculoskeletal conditions were the most expensive disease category in a Swedish cost of …
Relevance of Increased Lung Thallium Uptake on Stress Imaging in Patients With Unstable Angina and Non-Q Wave Myocardial Infarction: Results of the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-IIIB Study
Authors: Diwakar Jain, Bruce Thompson, Frans J.Th. Wackers, Barry L. Zaret
Journal: Journal of the American College of Cardiology (1997)

Objectives. This study sought to determine the significance of abnormal thallium-201 (Tl-201) lung uptake on stress imaging in the absence of perfusion abnormalities. Background. Abnormal Tl-201 lung uptake, represented by an increased lung/heart ratio (LHR), on stress imaging is a marker of stress-induced left ventricular dysfunction and poor prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods. We evaluated 1,271 patients from the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-IIIB trial (86% of TIMI-IIIB cohort) with unstable angina or non-Q wave myocardial infarction, who underwent predischarge exercise (92%) or dipyridamole stress (8%) Tl-201 imaging. An increased LHR (≥0.50) was related to perfusion abnormalities and adverse cardiac events at 1 year. Results. Of 1,271 patients, there were 762 (60%) with and 509 (40%) without perfusion abnormalities. An increased LHR was seen in 227 patients (18%) (173 [23%] with, 54 [11%] without perfusion abnormalities). Patients with an increased LHR had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction, higher body weight, lower exercise capacity and a higher prevalence of angina on exercise than patients with a normal LHR. In the two groups with increased LHR, there was no difference in age, hypertension, previous myocardial infarction, total exercise time, frequency of angina and ST segment depression on exercise. However, the group with an increased LHR and normal myocardial perfusion had a preponderance of women (65% vs. 30%, p < 0.001). At 1-year follow-up, patients with an increased LHR had a higher cardiac event rate than those with a normal LHR (18% vs. 10%, respectively, p = 0.001) despite a higher revascularization rate (28% vs. 15%, p < 0.001). An increased LHR was associated with increased adverse cardiac events, irrespective of the presence or absence of perfusion abnormalities. Conclusions. An increased LHR continues to be associated with higher adverse cardiac events in the current era of aggressive interventional management of coronary artery disease. An increased LHR in the absence of myocardial perfusion abnormality is seen mostly in women and overweight patients. However, despite the apparent absence of perfusion abnormalities, an increased LHR in this group is also associated with a higher rate of adverse cardiac events.
Protecting adolescent girls against tetanus
Authors: A. Seymour
Journal: BMJ (1995)

wellbeing but is potentially counterproductive to promotion ofbreast feeding.I suggest the following amendments to the author's key messages: * First assess whether the heel prick is really necessary * Minimise the discomfort of the procedure by asking the parent (or member of staff) to cuddle and soothe the baby * If the mother is breastfeeding encourage her to put the baby to the breast before the procedure starts and allow the baby to suckle during the procedure Lastly, before drug manufacturers seize a new opportunity to market prepacked phials of sterile sucrose solution, complete with dropper, could I urge the authors to consider mounting a study to answer their own query-namely, "whether simply cuddling a crying infant after heel prick is as effective in reducing crying as 50% sucrose."It may be that going back to the basics is all that is needed.CORALJEPSON
Msx2 deficiency in mice causes pleiotropic defects in bone growth and ectodermal organ formation
Authors: Ichiro Satokata, Liang Ma, Hayato Ohshima, Marianna Bei, Ian Woo, Kazumichi Nishizawa, Takeyasu Maeda, Yoshiro Takano, Makoto Uchiyama, Shaun Heaney, Heiko Peters, Zequn Tang, Robert Maxson, Richard Maas
Journal: Nature Genetics (2000)
Real-life data on the effectiveness of fulvestrant (F) in postmenopausal breast cancer (BC): A multicenter study from Brazil.
Authors: C. L. Mello, F. Kater, J. J. Vinholes, A. Azambuja, E. d. Marques, A. Malzyner, J. Bines
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2010)

e11519 Background: Despite the availability of efficacy data from clinical trials, real-life data on the effectiveness of therapy is of interest for the scientific community and for policy makers. We investigated the real-life effectiveness and tolerability of F in postmenopausal patients with advanced BC in Brazil. Methods: Eligible patients had hormone-receptor-positive, advanced BC and at least one type of hormone therapy prior to treatment with F (250 mg/month). Given the retrospective nature of the study, the primary variable of interest was treatment duration (TD), which was used as a proxy for time to tumor progression. Results: We analyzed 80 patients with a mean age of 62 years, predominantly Caucasian (79%), with ductal (74%) or other invasive carcinomas, mostly HER2-negative (92%), and with prior adjuvant therapy in 69% of cases. Patients received a median of 5 cycles of F, and disease progression was the reason for treatment discontinuation in 84% of cases. Regardless of causality, the most common adverse events were pain (27% of cited events), fatigue (4%), dyspnea (2%), and nausea (2%). Two patients discontinued F due to adverse events. The median TD was 5.4 months (range, 1 to 41), and the median overall survival (OS) was 23.5 months. TD was nonsignificantly longer in patients with bone-only metastases, and in those with no visceral metastases, in comparison with their respective counterparts. Body-mass index was not associated with TD or OS. As expected, median TD (p=0.052) and OS (p=0.046) were longer in patients (n=11) receiving F as first-lin nes (4.8 and 23.4 months). Conclusions: The results of this e therapy for metastatic disease (9.4 and 38.9 months) than in those treated in subsequent li study mirror those from phase III trials of F, thus contributing to the knowledge on the real-life effectiveness of F (250 mg) in postmenopausal, hormone-receptor-positive, advanced BC. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
Abstract 16204: Circulating Levels of sTREM-1 and Mortality in Patients With an Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Hafid Ait Oufella, Sebastien Gibot, Nicolas Danchin, Marc Derive, salma kotti, jeremie lemarie, patrick Ohlmann, Alain Heitz, jeremie joffre, julie Darchis, Alain Tedgui, ziad mallat, Tabassome Simon
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background and Aim:  Acute myocardial infarction triggers an inflammatory cascade and activation of innate immune responses that lead to deleterious cardiac remodeling. The Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a receptor expressed by neutrophils and monocytes. TREM-1 engagement has been shown to amplify the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as stimulating rapid neutrophil degranulation and oxidative burst. We investigated the relationship between plasma levels of the soluble form of TREM1 (sTREM1) and mortality following AMI.   Methods:  We used data from 1015 patients enrolled in FAST-MI 2005 and replicate the measurements among 1293 patients enrolled in FAST-MI 2010, 2 nationwide surveys (NCT00673036,NCT01237418) conducted five years apart with a similar methodology and including during a one-month period all patients admitted for AMI with symptom onset ≤ 48 hours .   Results:  Plasma levels of sTREM-1 at admission were related to higher risk of death after 2 years of follow up. The impact of sTREM-1 remained significant after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, hospital management including reperfusion therapy, recommended drug therapies, and C reactive protein. The adjusted HR of death at 2 years associated with an increase of 1 pg/mL of sTREM-1 was 2.22 (CI 95%=1.69-2.93, p P     Conclusion:  Circulating levels of sTREM-1 are associated with a higher risk of death in AMI patients. Whether inhibiting TREM-1 pathway in AMI setting would result in improving outcome needs further evaluation.
Future Salary and US Residency Fill Rate Revisited
Authors: Mark H. Ebell
Journal: JAMA (2008)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Estimation of right ventricular function in highlanders with high altitude pulmonary hypertension and high altitude cor pulmonale
Authors: Abdirashit Maripov, Akpay Sarybaev
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) is used as additional approach for diagnosis of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in PH. But RV function obtained by TDI has rarely been investigated in highlanders.

The aim of the study was to evaluate RV functions in highlanders by TDI.

Methods: Pulmonary haemodynamics and RV functions were evaluated by TDI and Doppler-ECHO in 48 highlanders at altitude of residency (3200-3800 m). All subjects were divided into the three groups: 1st group (n=20) - patients with high altitude pulmonary hypertension (HAPH). 2nd group (n=8) patients with HAPH and RV hypertrophy. 3rd group (n=20) healthy highlanders. All subjects underwent clinical examination, ECG, spirometry.

Results: 

View this table:

Right ventricular function in highlanders estimating by TDI





Conclusion: Thus, the evaluation of peak systolic and diastolic tricuspid annular velocity using TDI revealed RV hypertrophic diastolic dysfunction in HAPH patients and RV systolic dysfunction with pseudonormal diastolic dysfunction in patients with HAPH and RV hypotrophy.
Single-Gene Genotyping and Personalized Preventive Care—Reply
Authors: Hongmei Nan, Li Hsu, Andrew T. Chan
Journal: JAMA (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abnormalities in Central and Peripheral Nerve Conduction in Patients with Anorectal Incontinence
Authors: S J Snooks, M Swash, M M Henry
Journal: Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine (1985)

Thirty women with idiopathic anorectal incontinence were investigated by nerve conduction studies. Twenty-two (73%) patients had abnormal nerve conduction studies. In 7 (23%) of these patients there was conduction delay in the cauda equina between L1 and L4 vertebral levels but in the remainder the distal innervation of the pelvic sphincters was abnormal.
AAV-Mediated Gene Transfer Protects Against Mitochondrial Optic Neuropathy in Mice
Authors: Xiaoping Qi, Liang Sun, John Guy, William W. Hauswirth, Alfred S. Lewin
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Mutations affecting mitochondrial function lead to a variety of disorders affecting the heart, skeletal muscles, endocrine glands and central nervous system. These diseases have been hard to replicate in animals, because of the difficulty in manipulating mitochondrial DNA and the lethality of nuclear mutations affecting mitochondrial respiration. We have used an AAV-mediated RNA knockdown strategy to produce two mouse models of Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON). Patients with LHON typically contain mutations in one of the subunits of Complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase) and experience bilateral loss of vision beginning around age 20. In mice, blocking synthesis of subunits of this enzyme leads to the pathologic hallmarks of the disease—apoptotic death of retinal ganglion cells, demyelination and loss of axons in the optic nerve. Using these mouse models, we have tested two approaches for gene therapy of LHON. In the first strategy, we delivered the gene for mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) to limit the accumulation of reactive oxygen species that result from Complex I defects. Delivery of SOD2 caused an 18% increase (p=0.001) in the survival of retinal ganglion cells and a proportional increase in the thickness of the optic nerve. In the second therapeutic strategy, we re-coded the mitochondrial gene for the ND4 subunit of Complex I, attached a mitochondrial transport sequence to its amino terminus and expressed it as a nuclear gene (allotopic expression). Treatment of the optic nerve with AAV expressing this protein led to a 13% increase (p<0.01) in diameter of the optic nerve relative to contralateral eyes treated with a control virus. Thus both approaches prevented tissue injury resulting from defects to Complex I of the respiratory chain. These provide the first evidence in animals that gene therapy for mitochondrial disease may be possible.
Response to Letter Regarding Article, “Reversible De Novo Left Ventricular Trabeculations in Pregnant Women: Implications for the Diagnosis of Left Ventricular Noncompaction in Low-Risk Populations”
Authors: Sabiha Gati, Michael Papadakis, Nikolaus D. Papamichael, Abbas Zaidi, Nabeel Sheikh, Matthew Reed, Rajan Sharma, Baskaran Thilaganathan, Sanjay Sharma
Journal: Circulation (2015)
Smoking among adolescents in northern Greece: Epidemiological data and potential preventive factors
Authors: Despina Pelagidou, Dionisios Spyratos, Diamantis Chloros, Anna-Bettina Haidich, Eleni Karetsi, Christina Koubaniou, Stavros Konstantopoulos, Konstantinos Gourgoulianis, Lazaros Sichletidis
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2011)

Aim:  The investigation of smoking habits among adolescents (12-18 year old) and differences between smokers and non-smokers which may act as preventive factors.   Methods:  We randomly selected 10% of the whole number of high schools in 24 prefectures of Northern Greece. All parents gave informed consent and then students completed unnamed questionnaires. We used two prototype questionnaires which were validated across the 10% of the study population (reproducibility rate: 88.1% for non-smokers and 86.5% for smokers).   Results:  We analysed data of 18,904 questionnaires. The mean age (SD) of the students was 15.3±1.7 years (52% males). The general percentage of cigarette smoking was 14.2% (84% reported everyday smoking: 15.7±10.6 cigarettes/day). Prevalence of smoking was higher among males, high school students and residents in urban areas (table).  The most common reasons for starting were: curiosity (56.6%), control of unpleasant feelings (38.7%) and friends who smoke (28%). Smokers reported starting at age13.3±2.3 years. We found that smokers compared to non-smokers had: less educated parents (p   Concusions:  Prevalence of smoking among adolescents in Northern Greece was 14.2%. We found some potential preventive factors which should be supported in a well-planned antismoking campaign.
Patient-Physician Relationship
Authors: Rosemarie L. Conigliaro
Journal: JAMA (2006)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
THE EFFECT OF ENDOGENOUS INSULIN ON GASTRIC FUNCTION: A CLINICAL STUDY
Authors: W D POE
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1950)

Article1 February 1950THE EFFECT OF ENDOGENOUS INSULIN ON GASTRIC FUNCTION: A CLINICAL STUDYWILLIAM D. POE, M.D.WILLIAM D. POE, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-32-2-279 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptIt has been demonstrated that insulin administration, by reducing the blood sugar level, stimulates the vagal center which results in increased secretory activity in the stomach.1 It has been proved that the injection of insulin into dogs with gastric pouches will increase the motor and secretory activity of the stomach if only a few vagal fibers are unsevered.2Based on these data, a clinical test has been devised to determine whether vagal activity remains following vagotomy in the treatment of peptic ulcer. If there is increased secretory activity of the stomach following insulin injection in a vagotomized patient, it is...Bibliography1. Babkin BP: Secretory mechanism of the digestive glands, 1944, Paul Hoeber, Inc., New York. Google Scholar2. JemerinHollanderWeinstein EEFVA: A comparison of insulin and food as stimuli for differentiation of vagal and non-vagal gastric pouches, Gastroenterology 1: 500-512, 1943. Google Scholar3. WeinsteinColpHollanderJemerin VARFEE: Vagotomy in the therapy of peptic ulcer, Surg., Gynec. and Obst. 79: 297-305, 1944. Google Scholar4. PaulsonGladsen MES: Medical aspects of vagotomy for peptic ulcer, Bull. Johns Hopkins Hosp. 81: 107-127, 1947. MedlineGoogle Scholar5. Crenshaw JF: Personal communication. Google Scholar6. LevinsonMacFate SARP: Clinical laboratory diagnosis, Third Edition, 1946, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia. Google Scholar7. Harris S: Hyperinsulinism and dysinsulinism, J. A. M. A. 83: 729-733, 1924. CrossrefGoogle Scholar8. Harris S: Gastrointestinal manifestations of hyperinsulinism, Am. J. Digest. Dis. 2: 557-567, 1935. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Roanoke, Virginia*Received for publication April 6, 1948.From the Seale Harris Clinic, Birmingham, Alabama. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byDas Zollinger-Ellison-SyndromDie Krankheiten des MagensHyperinsulinism and Duodenal Ulcer 1 February 1950Volume 32, Issue 2Page: 279-283KeywordsBlood sugarInsulinInsulin secretionPeptic ulcersStomachVagotomy ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 February 1950 PDF downloadLoading ...