tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 1151: SIRT6 induces EMT and promotes cancer cell invasion and migration in prostate cancer
Authors: Qian Xie, Alice S. Wong, Weiliang Xia
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related death in males in the developed countries. One of the major clinical challenges is the propensity for advanced PCa to metastasize to bone or other organs, which is primarily responsible for its effect on patient mortality. SIRT6, one of Sirtuins family members, is an important histone modifying protein that regulates diverse physiological functions such as aging and metabolism. Recently there is much evidence showing an involvement of SIRT6 in tumorigenesis. At present, relatively little is known about the role of SIRT6 in regulating prostate cancer or metastasis. In our study, we have used both prostate tumor tissues and prostate cancer cell lines to study the roles of SIRT6 in the development and progression of PCa. From deposited gene profiling studies we found that SIRT6 was overexpressed in prostate tumors, compared with normal prostate tissues. Tissue microarray studies confirmed the higher levels of SIRT6 in both prostate tumor tissues and prostate cancer cells than in their normal counterparts. Depletion of SIRT6 by siRNA inhibited PCa cell proliferation. Bioinformatics analysis of the databases revealed that the high SIRT6 expression was associated with markedly shorter window of clinical recurrence, and the expression level of SIRT6 was significantly higher in PCa tissue with Gleason grade greater than seven. Further analysis indicated that SIRT6 expression increased along with the metastasis of PCa. We used PC-3 and DU145 cells to study whether SIRT6 could play a role in the migration and invasion of PCa cells. Indeed, SIRT6-deficiency markedly reduced cell migration and invasion. Compared with control siRNA treated cells, the protein level of N-cadherin reduced while E-cadherin level showed an increase after SIRT6 knockdown. We further revealed that SIRT6 regulated EMT-inducing transcription factor expression in PCa cells. Taken together, our findings indicate that SIRT6 is up-regulated in PCa, and the high expression of SIRT6 plays an important role in the progression of PCa as it facilitates cancer cell migration and invasion, and possibly metastasis. These data also suggest the therapeutic value of targeting SIRT6 in the treatment of metastatic PCa. Citation Format: Qian Xie, Alice ST Wong, Weiliang Xia. SIRT6 induces EMT and promotes cancer cell invasion and migration in prostate cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1151. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1151
Regulation of U6 Promoter Activity by Transcriptional Interference in Viral Vector-Based RNAi
Authors: Linghu Nie, Meghna Das Thakur, Yumei Wang, Qin Su, Yongliang Zhao, Yunfeng Feng
Journal: Genomics Proteomics & Bioinformatics (2010)

The direct negative impact of the transcriptional activity of one component on the second one in cis is referred to as transcriptional interference (TI). U6 is a type III RNA polymerase III promoter commonly used for driving small hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression in vector-based RNAi. In the design and construction of viral vectors, multiple transcription units may be arranged in close proximity in a space-limited vector. Determining if U6 promoter activity can be affected by TI is critical for the expression of target shRNA in gene therapy or loss-of-function studies. In this research, we designed and implemented a modified retroviral system where shRNA and exogenous gene expressions were driven by two independent transcriptional units. We arranged U6 promoter driving shRNA expression and UbiC promoter in two promoter arrangements. In primary macrophages, we found U6 promoter activity was inhibited by UbiC promoter when in the divergent arrangement but not in tandem. In contrast, PKG promoter had no such negative impact. Instead of enhancing U6 promoter activity, CMV enhancer had significant negative impact on U6 promoter activity in the presence of UbiC promoter. Our results indicate that U6 promoter activity can be affected by TI in a proximal promoter-specific and arrangement-dependent manner.
A NEW UTERINE DILATOR.
Authors: FREDERICK LEAVITT
Journal: JAMA (1906)

To open the mouth and neck of the pregnant uterus artificially is difficult under favorable conditions; to do so when the conditions are unfavorable is one of the most trying operations in all surgery. Under some conditions of the os and cervix, manual dilatation is more or less easily accomplished, but there are other cases in which the fingers are utterly useless. Consider the tissues to be overcome—a fibromuscular canal so firmly closed normally that with all the burdensome pressure of gravidity it remains intact, even the force of strong labor causing it to yield only after many hours of exhausting effort. If it takes Nature ten or fifteen hours to effect an opening, what shall be said of a device that will accomplish such a feat within an hour and do it safely? While the hand is a dilator always at command there are disadvantages accompanying its use. First,
THE EFFECTS ON THE HEART OF LONG-STANDING BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
Authors: HARRY L. ALEXANDER
Journal: JAMA (1927)

The literature of heart disturbances associated with asthma begins at an early date and is voluminous. It deals largely, however, with cardiac dyspnea or what is now called "cardiac asthma," wherein asthma is an expression of underlying cardiac injury. Einthoven,<sup>1</sup>von Basch,<sup>2</sup>Dixon and Brodie<sup>3</sup>and others<sup>4</sup>induced bronchospasm in animals and noted the circulatory effects. Although in these experiments the pulmonary mechanism of bronchial asthma probably was simulated in part, the results are at wide variance with one another. Only one detailed study was found concerning the effect of true bronchial asthma on the heart, a report by Götzl and Kienböck,<sup>5</sup>who observed the heart radioscopically in two cases. A perusal of many of the modern textbooks reveals considerable lack of uniformity of opinion on this subject. In 1920 two of the great American systems of medicine were published; in one, Walker<sup>6</sup>writes:
Improved Colonoscopy Success Rate with a Distally Attached Mucosectomy Cap
Authors: Y. Lee, A. Hui, V. Wong, L. Hung, J. Sung
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Although colonoscopy is a well-established procedure, various technical difficulties may cause failure. This report describes experience with cap-assisted colonoscopy (CAC), a technique in which a mucosectomy cap is attached to the end of colonoscope in order to improve the success rate.From January 2003 to May 2005, CAC was used in consecutive patients with difficult colonoscopy procedures, which were defined firstly as failure to pass through the sigmoid colon after 20 min of examination, or secondly as failure to reach the cecum at the end of the procedure. Patients with prior colonic surgery, poor bowel preparation, distal colonic stricture, or obstructing tumors were excluded. The results with the CAC method were reviewed retrospectively.A total of 100 patients met the criteria for difficult colonoscopy during the study period. When CAC was used to repeat the procedure, cecal and terminal ileal intubation could then be achieved in 94 and 70 patients, respectively. In the remaining six patients in whom cecal intubation failed, one failure was due to a tumor obstruction at the splenic flexure.CAC can be used as a rescue method to improve the success rate of colonoscopy when failure is encountered.
HIV-infected surgeons
Authors: A. Novick
Journal: JAMA (1992)

To the Editor.  —Dr Orentlicher1depends for part of his analysis of significant risk on an unpublished document circulated by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in January 1991, in which a detailed analysis leads to the estimate that for some invasive surgical procedures the risk of transmission of HIV from a surgeon to a patient was in the range of 1:40000 to 1:400000. Orentlicher identifies only the upper limit of estimated risk (1:40000), which he in-appropriately speculates may be an   for  surgeries. The number was not presented in the source document as accurate or as an average or as representing all surgeries. Orentlicher then speculates that the real risk for some procedures could be 1:10 000. He gives no substantial reason for his fourfold extrapolation, nor does he tell us why it should not have been twofold, 10-fold, or otherwise. He then concludes that 1:10000
Nicotine patch plus nicotine lozenges increased smoking cessation rate more than placebo
Authors: Allan V. Prochazka
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (2010)

ACP Journal Club18 May 2010Nicotine patch plus nicotine lozenges increased smoking cessation rate more than placeboAllan V. Prochazka, MDAllan V. Prochazka, MDDenver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA (A.V.P.)Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-152-10-201005180-02002 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail Source CitationPiper ME, Smith SS, Schlam TR, et al. A randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial of 5 smoking cessation pharmacotherapies. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2009;66:1253-62. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19884613Clinical Impact RatingsGIM/FP/GP: Mental Health: Pulmonology: References1 Stead LF, Perera R, Bullen C, Mant D, Lancaster T. Nicotine replacement therapy for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008:(3):CD000146. [PMID: 18253970] Google Scholar2 Steinberg MB, Greenhaus S, Schmelzer AC, et al. Triple-combination pharmacotherapy for medically ill smokers: a randomized trial. Ann Intern Med. 2009;150:447-54. [PMID: 19349630] Google Scholar3 Smith SS, McCarthy DE, Japuntich SJ, et al. Comparative effectiveness of 5 smoking cessation pharmacotherapies in primary care clinics. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169:2148-55. [PMID: 20008701] Google Scholar Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: Denver VA Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, USA (A.V.P.)This article was published at Annals.org on 4 May 2010. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics 18 May 2010Volume 152, Issue 10Page: JC5-2KeywordsCarbon monoxideDrug therapyDrugsIntent to treat analysisNicotineNumber needed to treatPregnancyPsychiatry and mental healthPulmonary medicineSmoking cessation ePublished: 18 May 2010 Issue Published: 18 May 2010 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 2010 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
Prophylactic transfer of CD8-depleted donor lymphocytes after T-cell–depleted reduced-intensity transplantation
Authors: Ralf G. Meyer, Cedrik M. Britten, Daniela Wehler, Klaus Bender, Georg Hess, Abdo Konur, Udo F. Hartwig, Thomas C. Wehler, Andrew J. Ullmann, Chiara Gentilini, Lutz Uharek, Christoph Huber, Karin Kolbe, Wolfgang Herr
Journal: Blood (2006)
Cardiac potential and potential gradient fields generated by single, combined, and sequential shocks during ventricular defibrillation.
Authors: J M Wharton, P D Wolf, W M Smith, P S Chen, D W Frazier, S Yabe, N Danieley, R E Ideker
Journal: Circulation (1992)

BACKGROUND Potential gradient field determination may be a helpful means of describing the effects of defibrillation shocks; however, potential gradient field requirements for defibrillation with different electrode configurations have not been established. METHODS AND RESULTS To evaluate the field requirements for defibrillation, potential fields during defibrillation shocks and the following ventricular activations were recorded with 74 epicardial electrodes in 12 open-chest dogs with the use of a computerized mapping system. Shock electrodes (2.64 cm2) were attached to the lateral right atrium (R), lateral left ventricular base (L), and left ventricular apex (V). Four electrode configurations were tested: single shocks of 14-msec duration given to two single anode-single cathode configurations, R:V and L:V, and to one dual anode-single cathode configuration, (R+L):V; and sequential 7-msec shocks separated by 1 msec given to R:V and L:V (R:V----L:V). Defibrillation threshold (DFT) current was significantly lower for R:V----L:V than for the other configurations and markedly higher for L:V. Despite these differences, the minimum potential gradients measured at DFT were not significantly different (approximately 6-7 V/cm for each electrode configuration). Potential gradient fields generated by the electrode configurations were markedly uneven, with a 15-27-fold change from lowest to highest gradient, with the greatest decrease in gradient occurring near the shock electrodes. Although gradient fields varied with the electrode configuration, all configurations produced weak fields along the right ventricular base. Early sites of epicardial activation after all unsuccessful shocks occurred in areas in which the field was weak; 87% occurred at sites with gradients less than 15 V/cm. Ventricular tachycardia originating in high gradient areas near shock electrodes followed 11 of 67 successful shocks. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that 1) defibrillation fields created by small epicardial electrodes are very uneven; 2) achievement of a certain minimum potential gradient over both ventricles is necessary for ventricular defibrillation; 3) the difference in shock strengths required to achieve this minimum gradient over both ventricles may explain the differences in DFTs for various electrode configurations; and 4) high gradient areas in the uneven fields can induce ectopic activation after successful shocks.
GATA3, P53, Ki67 and vascular peritumoral invasion are strongly predictive of hormonal resistance in luminal breast cancer.
Authors: JJ Jacquemier, EE Charafe Jauffret, FF Monville, BB Esterni, J Extra, GG Houvenaeghel, LL Xerri, DD Birnbaum
Journal: Cancer Research (2009)

Abstract Abstract #5068 Background: Breast cancers are traditionally divided into hormone receptor positive and negative cases that guide patient management. The two luminal subtypes in gene expression profiling , A and B, are defined by high expression of ER, GATA3, and FOXA1. There is a little doubt that ER status is a strong predictor of response to endocrine therapy. Prognostic immunohistochemical biomarkers for ER-positive breast cancer include progesterone (PR) and androgen (AR) receptors, proteins related to proliferation or apoptotic resistance. The aim of this study was to identify the best predictors of success of hormonal therapy among immunohistochemical and classical factors.&amp;#x2028; Methods: We studied 10 markers in a consecutive series of 832 cases of breast carcinoma treated at the Paoli-Calmettes Institute from 1990 to 2002 and deposited onto tissue-micro arrays (TMA): luminal-related ER, PR, AR, FOXA1, and GATA3 factors, proliferation-related KI67 and CCND1, ERBB2, anti-apoptotic BCL2, and p53. We also measured the vascular peritumoral invasion (VPI) size, Grade and lymph nodes involvement (N). On these series 145 cases had been profiled on Affymetrix microarrays. The patients had been treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and/or hormonal therapy . The 132 events observed and taken into account were metastases (MF).&amp;#x2028; Results: Of the 67 luminal A cases of this series 63 were ER-positive, 98% were FOXA1-positive; only half of them expressed the five luminal-related markers. In 584 ER-positive patients, 200 did not receive adjuvant hormonal therapy with a highly significant difference in MF with those who received Tamoxifen (p=0.017). For the 240 cases who received hormonal therapy, the factors associated to the MF in multivariate analysis were:&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; A prognostic score can be established summing the impact of each four parameters with a significant Logrank test : p= 0.0003.&amp;#x2028; &amp;#x2028; Discussion: A panel of three antibodies (Ki67, P53 and GATA3), associated with VPI can significantly improve the traditional prognosticators in predicting outcome for ER-positive breast cancer patients receiving hormonal therapy. Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 5068.
Huntingtin is a cytoplasmic protein associated with vesicles in human and rat brain neurons
Authors: Marian DiFiglia, Ellen Sapp, Kathryn Chase, Cordula Schwarz, Alison Meloni, Christine Young, Eileen Martin, Jean-Paul Vonsattel, Robert Carraway, Steven A Reeves, Frederick M Boyce, Neil Aronin
Journal: Neuron (1995)
Type I interferon correlates with serological and clinical manifestations of SLE
Authors: M C Dall'Era
Journal: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (2005)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease affecting multiple organ systems triggered by the production of autoantibodies. Previous clinical studies in humans and murine models suggest that type I interferons (IFNs) are important for the initiation and potentiation of SLE activity.65 consecutive patients with SLE were identified from the University of California, San Francisco Lupus Clinic with moderate-severe disease activity. 94 serological samples were collected. Type I IFN levels and the ability of plasma to induce expression of several surface markers of dendritic cell maturation were measured.Type I IFN levels correlated with the presence of cutaneous manifestations, and there was a trend towards correlation with renal disease. No correlation was found between type I IFN levels and neurological disease. Type I IFN levels correlated positively with the SLEDAI score and anti-dsDNA levels and inversely with C3 levels. Interestingly, type I IFN levels were highest in African American patients. SLE plasma also induced the expression of MHC class I, CD38, and CD123 on monocytes, and was blocked by the addition of a monoclonal antibody to IFNAR1.The pathogenic role of type I IFN is suggested by the induction of cell surface markers for dendritic cell maturation. The potential therapeutic utility of antibodies directed to either type I IFN or IFNAR1/IFNAR2 may be of interest in further studies.
HLA Class II Locus and Susceptibility to Podoconiosis
Authors: Fasil Tekola Ayele, Adebowale Adeyemo, Chris Finan, Elena Hailu, Paul Sinnott, Natalia Diaz Burlinson, Abraham Aseffa, Charles N. Rotimi, Melanie J. Newport, Gail Davey
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (2012)

Podoconiosis is a tropical lymphedema resulting from long-term barefoot exposure to red-clay soil derived from volcanic rock. The World Health Organization recently designated it as a neglected tropical disease. Podoconiosis develops in only a subgroup of exposed people, and studies have shown familial clustering with high heritability (63%).
A novel report of cig‐FISH and cytogenetics in POEMS syndrome
Authors: Alan H. Bryce, Rhett P. Ketterling, Morie A. Gertz, Martha Lacy, Ryan A. Knudson, Shaji Kumar, Robert A. Kyle, Rafael Fonseca, Phillip R. Greipp, John A. Lust, Vincent S. Rajkumar, Suzanne R. Hayman, Francis Buadi, Stephen J. Russell, Stephen R. Zeldenrust, Angela Dispenzieri
Journal: American Journal of Hematology (2008)

POEMS syndrome is a plasma cell proliferative disorder whose pathogenesis is poorly understood. We provide the first report of cytoplasmic immunoglobulin/FISH testing (cIg-FISH) in POEMS syndrome using established myeloma markers. We reviewed all 37 POEMS cases seen at our institution in which cIg-FISH testing had been obtained. Monosomy 13 was seen in 14 of the 37 (38%) cIg-FISH samples. One patient had trisomy 3 and 7. Three patients had IgH translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32). No abnormalities were seen at 17p13(p53). The monosomy 13 is in line with other plasma cell disorders while the low prevalence of hyperdiploidy and abnormalities at 14q32 is unique.
The Study of Dying: From Autonomy to Transformation
Authors: Tony Miksanek
Journal: JAMA (2010)

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General practice in the university medical school
Authors: I. Gregg
Journal: BMJ (1983)

and Dr Gazzard's trial was two weeks, a period in which 50%" or fewer ulcers healed in another study.2The four to six week treatment period used conventionally is associated with nearly 80°of ulcers healing.3The relapse rate of healed ulcers after treatment is stopped is likely to be the same whatever the duration of treatment.
Addiction of Physicians to Morphin and Liquor.
Authors: Robert T. Edes
Journal: JAMA (1906)

Reading, Mass., Dec. 26, 1905. <h3>To the Editor:</h3> —InThe Journal, Dec. 23, 1905, in the discussion of Dr. Pressey's paper, page 1944, a statement is made by Dr. Crothers so extreme that it seems to me worthy of some adverse comment in addition to that which it received from the members who criticised it on the spot. He says that from some studies which he made five years ago and which have since been fully confirmed, he is "convinced that at least from 15 to 20 per cent, of physicians in active practice are victims of morphia and spirit taking." And again: "A general study of the habits of physicians in four of the largest cities of the country showed that from 10 to 15 per cent, were drug and spirit takers. In one city a prominent daily paper made inquiries and concluded that at least 15 per cent,
Small molecule activation of lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase modulates lipoprotein metabolism in mice and hamsters
Authors: Zhu Chen, Sheng-ping Wang, Mihajlo L. Krsmanovic, Jose Castro-Perez, Karen Gagen, Vivienne Mendoza, Ray Rosa, Vinit Shah, Timothy He, Steve J. Stout, Neil S. Geoghagen, Sang H. Lee, David G. McLaren, Liangsu Wang, Thomas P. Roddy, Andrew S. Plump, Brian K. Hubbard, Christopher J. Sinz, Douglas G. Johns
Journal: Metabolism (2011)