tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Mutations in MEGF10, a regulator of satellite cell myogenesis, cause early onset myopathy, areflexia, respiratory distress and dysphagia (EMARDD)
Authors: Clare V Logan, Barbara Lucke, Caroline Pottinger, Zakia A Abdelhamed, David A Parry, Katarzyna Szymanska, Christine P Diggle, Anne van Riesen, Joanne E Morgan, Grace Markham, Ian Ellis, Adnan Y Manzur, Alexander F Markham, Mike Shires, Tim Helliwell, Mariacristina Scoto, Christoph Hübner, David T Bonthron, Graham R Taylor, Eamonn Sheridan, Francesco Muntoni, Ian M Carr, Markus Schuelke, Colin A Johnson
Journal: Nature Genetics (2011)
Portable Cholesterol Analyzers-Reply
Authors: Michelle J. Naughton, Russell V. Luepker, Daniel Strickland
Journal: JAMA (1990)

In Reply.—  With regard to Dr Tetrault's letter, the ±14.2% acceptable range that we used in our study is the correct, total allowable error for a single cholesterol measurement. We refer interested readers to the February 1990 Laboratory Standardization Panel report, which outlines these guidelines for cholesterol measurement. 1 Also, 100% of the cholesterol measurements need to fall within the ± 14.2% range. Dr Tetrault's interpretation of the range for total allowable error is incorrect.  The laboratory cholesterol values that we used as a measure of the study participants' true cholesterol levels were adjusted to control for a 5% positive bias found in the measurement method used in our Centers for Disease Control reference laboratory. The precision estimate for the reference method was small (1.3%). We did not assume that our laboratory method was completely without error.  Postural and temporal effects can be factors in blood measurements and are rarely
TUBERCULAR TUMOR OF THE ORBIT.
Authors: HOWARD F. HAN SELL
Journal: JAMA (1900)

In the spring of 1899, a small tumor appeared between the upper lid and the superior margin of the right orbit in a girl of 13. It received no medical attention until the autumn, when she applied to the out-patient department of the Jefferson Medical College. She stated that recently the tumor had increased in size and that the lid was swollen and drooping. The growth was painless and insensitive except on hard pressure; it was hard and inelastic, and projected about two millimeters beyond the vertical plane of the anterior margin of the orbit. The tumor was partly movable and was attached to the roof of the orbit a few millimeters back of the bony margin. Its anterior edge was rounded, quite smooth and thin, as though it belonged to a flat tumor about the size of a silver dollar. The lid was edematous and its elevator paretic. The
Mycophenolate mofetil in IgA nephropathy
Authors: Vincenzo Sepe, Natalia Rossi, Gabriella Adamo, Antonio Dal Canton
Journal: Kidney International (2004)

To the Editor: We wish to raise several issues regarding the publication by Maes et al1Maes B.D. Oyen R. Claes K. et al.Mycophenolate mofetil in IgA nephropathy: Results of a 3-year prospective placebo-controlled randomised study.Kidney Int. 2004; 65: 1842-1849Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (200) Google Scholar, reporting on the effectiveness of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in IgA nephropathy (IgAN): (1) A sample of 34 patients is too little. We have started a randomized trial, ramipril versus ramipril plus MMF in IgAN2The Angiotensin Inhibition Mycophenolate Mofetil Iga Nephropathy Study Investigators. One-year angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition plus mycophenolate mofetil immunosuppression in the course of early IgA nephropathy: A multicentre, randomised, controlled study. J NephrolsubmittedGoogle Scholar: 57 patients per group are required to maintain a power of 80% and a type error of 5%. For a dropout rate of 10%, a total sample size of 126 patients needs to be enrolled. In the placebo group, 2 patients (1 death, 1 adverse event) out of 13 patients (15%), and in the MMF group, 8 patients [2 end-stage renal disease (ESRD), 2 emigrated, 1 adverse event, 1 tuberculosis (TB), 2 gastrointestinal (GI) problems] out of 21 patients (38%) reduced or stopped the treatment before the end of the trial. (2) Inclusion criteria. “Eligible patients were randomized (2:1; MMF:placebo).” In a randomized trial all patients should have the same probability of receiving one or the other of the treatments being compared3Sackett D.L. Haynes R.B. Guyatt G.H. Tugwell P. Clinical Epidemiology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA1991: 196Google Scholar. Renal function for inclusion was taken at the time of diagnosis (ie, 0 to 5 years back from randomization). Were patients with glomerular filtration rate (GFR) <20 mL/min included? Options for eligibility were also hypertension, proteinuria, and histologic severity, alone or in combination. Were these risk factors evenly distributed between groups? (3) A wash-out period for patients assuming enalapril was not performed, biasing proteinuria at entry. (4) In a small patient sample, data distribution is not usually normal and a nonparametric approach would have been more appropriate.
Prostaglandin termination of pregnancy.
Authors: B Eton
Journal: BMJ (1981)

range improved from 23% in 1976 to 68% in 1979.It seems likely.that more caesarean sections were performed, especially in this extremely low birthweight group, during the latter years of the study.The fact that both vertex and breech delivery in the 750-1000 g group carry an equally high mortality rate when compared with caesarean section lends further support to the suspicion that many factors other than breech presentation are responsible for the differences in survival rate.This paper does not strengthen the case for a policy of caesarean section for all cases of breech presentation from 26 to 34 weeks.It does, however, lend further support to the case for a randomised controlled trial of caesarean section for preterm breech presenta- tion, which was called for in this journal in 1979.
Increased activity of serum mitochondrial isoenzyme of creatine kinase in hepatocellular carcinoma patients predominantly with recurrence
Authors: Yoko Soroida, Ryunosuke Ohkawa, Hayato Nakagawa, Yumiko Satoh, Haruhiko Yoshida, Hiroto Kinoshita, Ryosuke Tateishi, Ryota Masuzaki, Kenichiro Enooku, Shuichiro Shiina, Takahisa Sato, Shuntaro Obi, Tadashi Hoshino, Ritsuko Nagatomo, Shigeo Okubo, Hiromitsu Yokota, Kazuhiko Koike, Yutaka Yatomi, Hitoshi Ikeda
Journal: Journal of Hepatology (2012)
Probabilistic Model for Prediction of Angiographically Defined Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Using Electron Beam Computed Tomography Calcium Score Strata
Authors: Lawrence F. Bielak, John A. Rumberger, Patrick F. Sheedy, Robert S. Schwartz, Patricia A. Peyser
Journal: Circulation (2000)

Background —Electron beam CT (EBCT) is an accurate, noninvasive method to detect and quantify coronary artery calcification, a marker of coronary artery disease (CAD). This investigation examined the accuracy of EBCT to detect obstructive CAD (≥50% stenosis) and determined the optimal strata for quantity of coronary artery calcification to facilitate clinical decision-making. Methods and Results —Clinical research patients (n=213) were examined with coronary angiography and EBCT (angiography group), and 765 research participants were examined with only EBCT (nonangiography group). Of the angiography group, 53% had obstructive CAD. After adjustment for verification bias, the estimated sensitivity and specificity for calcium score ≥1 were 97.0% and 72.4%, respectively. Likelihood ratios for strata of calcium score associated with obstructive CAD were calculated in each sex and 2 age groups. Among those ≥50 years old, the same 4 strata of EBCT calcium scores were identified in each sex; likelihood ratios ranged from 0.03 (calcium score 0) to 12.85 (calcium score ≥200). The same 3 strata of EBCT calcium scores were identified in each sex among those &lt;50 years old; likelihood ratios ranged from 0.13 (calcium score 0) to 190 (calcium score ≥100). Conclusions —A calcium score ≥200 among those ≥50 years old and calcium score ≥100 among those &lt;50 years old provided strong evidence that patients of either sex had obstructive CAD. A calcium score of 0 provided strong evidence that patients ≥50 years old did not have obstructive CAD.
Blood cotinine, carboxyhaemoglobin, and thiocyanate concentrations and cigarette consumption.
Authors: R Richmond, I Webster
Journal: BMJ (1986)

Blood cotinine, carboxyhaemoglobin, and thiocyanate concentrations and cigarette consumptionIt is important that doctors should be aware of the correlation between patients' blood concentrations of tobacco products, reported cigarette 1 Richmond RL, Austin A, Webster IW. Three year evaluation of a p amme by general practitioners to help patients to stop smolting.BrMedJ 1986;
Abnormal automatic rhythms in ischemic Purkinje fibers are modulated by a specific alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype.
Authors: E P Anyukhovsky, M R Rosen
Journal: Circulation (1991)

BACKGROUND Recent advances in adrenergic pharmacology have made possible the identification of alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtypes using the specific blockers chloroethylclonidine and WB 4101. METHODS AND RESULTS In the present study, we used these two blockers to determine the mechanisms responsible for automatic rhythms occurring during simulated ischemia and reperfusion of isolated canine Purkinje fibers. Experiments were done in the presence of propranolol to minimize beta-adrenergic contributions to the rhythms studied. In the control situation, all fibers showed membrane potentials greater than -90 mV and normal automatic rhythms. During simulated ischemia, membrane potential depolarized to the -60 mV range. Abnormal automaticity was seen in 20% of fibers not treated with phenylephrine and in 50% of those superfused with 1 x 10(-7) M phenylephrine. The incidence of abnormal automaticity was reduced to 0% by WB 4101 (which blocks phosphoinositide metabolic effects of alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation in the heart) and was increased to 90% by chloroethylclonidine (which blocks Na-K pump-stimulating effects of alpha-agonists). Moreover, the ischemic fibers were significantly more hyperpolarized during superfusion with WB 4101 than with chloroethylclonidine. Triggered activity induced by delayed or early after depolarizations was not seen in any experiment. CONCLUSIONS Automatic arrhythmias induced by alpha 1-adrenergic stimulation during simulated ischemia may be attributed to a specific alpha 1-adrenergic receptor subtype that is blocked by WB 4101. These results have important implications with respect to the induction of arrhythmias in the setting of ischemia and the means for their prevention or treatment.
Manual of Family Planning and Contraceptive Practice
Authors: Robert W. Kistner
Journal: JAMA (1971)

The second edition was originally planned as a revision of the 1964 edition, but revolutionary advances in conception control necessitated a more comprehensive approach. Drs. Hans Lehfeldt and Christopher Tietze, as editorial consultants, assisted in designing the present format—a broad survey of contraception and its relationship to medical, social, legal, and psychological factors. Four classical sections by Dickinson, Lehfeldt, Masters and Johnson, and Sjovall have been retained from the first edition. Everything else is new. The section on family planning, by 25 distinguished authorities, places in clear perspective the specific roles of government agencies and voluntary organizations and succinctly presents the methods of population control practice in hospitals, public health services, and offices of private practitioners. The keystone of success is motivation. If this is strong, almost any contraceptive method will prove reasonably successful. The choice of the most acceptable method for any given couple is, therefore, a paramount issue.
Case 19-1974
Authors: Richard C. Cabot, Benjamin Castleman, Robert E. Scully, Betty U. McNeely, Ernest H. Picard, Edward P. Richardson
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1974)

Presentation of CaseA 43-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of obtundation.Twenty-six days previously he saw a physician because of a sore throat, cough and fever; an x-ray film of the chest was normal. Tetracycline was prescribed. Bifrontal headache, weakness and anorexia developed. Six days later the patient fell while arising from bed and was taken to another hospital. Examination was negative except for nuchal rigidity. On the second hospital day a tonic-clonic seizure occurred. Examination shortly thereafter disclosed that he was poorly responsive and moved the left extremities better than the right. The pupils were large . . .
Airport screening for Ebola: current thermal scanning procedures are unreliable
Authors: C. R. Kumana, B. M. Y. Cheung, L. S. Chan
Journal: BMJ (2014)

We agree with the editorial on airport screening for Ebola virus,1 which challenges the policy of enhanced screening as currently used. Whether applied to those exiting an affected area or arrivals, apart from being easily circumvented, temperature checks that depend on currently deployed …
Instrument for the Rapid Dilatation of the Cervix Uteri
Authors: W. L. Reid
Journal: BMJ (1888)

THE BR2TISH MEDICAL JOVRNAL lOt.20, 188.be produced by many different causes.Each case required separate and carefuil consideration.The usual cauise of (lysmenorrhoea was undoubtedly spasm at the os internum (case related showing the
Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Lavage Solution Causes Reversible Mucosal Elevation Surrounding a Minute Depressed-Type Rectal Cancer
Authors: C. Yamamoto, K. Aoyagi, K. Maeda, K. Eguchi, H. Nishimura, S. Sakisaka
Journal: Endoscopy (2005)

A 52-year-old man underwent colonoscopy following preparation with polyethylene glycol-electrolyte lavage solution (PEG-ELS), which revealed a flat elevated lesion with an irregular depression in the rectum. Three days after this colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy was performed after preparation with a glycerin enema and this examination demonstrated an irregular depressed lesion which was not associated with a surrounding elevated lesion. Seven days after the flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy following preparation with PEG-ELS revealed an elevated lesion surrounding the depressed lesion. Fourteen days after this second colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy following preparation with a glycerin enema showed a depressed lesion and an endoscopic mucosal resection was performed: histological examination revealed the tumor to be a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. We report a patient in whom PEG-ELS led to the reversible appearance of an elevated lesion around a minute rectal cancer and believe that this reactive elevated lesion might prove to be a useful clue in the detection of minute rectal cancers.
Emergence of Idiotype Variants during Treatment of B-Cell Lymphoma with Anti-Idiotype Antibodies
Authors: Timothy Meeker, James Lowder, Michael L. Cleary, Stanford Stewart, Roger Warnke, Jeffrey Sklar, Ronald Levy
Journal: New England Journal of Medicine (1985)

We studied two patients with malignant B-cell lymphoma that manifested resistance to the therapeutic effects of anti-idiotype antibody because of the emergence of subclones with changes in their immunoglobulin idiotypes. In both patients, tumor-cell populations arose that were unreactive with anti-idiotype antibody but that retained surface immunoglobulin. One of the patients had an additional subpopulation of tumor cells that had switched from mu to gamma heavy-chain expression. Study of the immunoglobulin genes in the tumors confirmed that the subpopulations were derived from the same original clone of neoplastic B cells in each patient. The available data suggest that the idiotypic variation observed was the result of somatic mutation in the variable region of the active immunoglobulin genes. The fact that such mutations became evident over a short time and in the context of a partial tumor response suggests that the antibody therapy exerted a strong selective force against tumor cells that expressed the idiotype determinant. Multiple anti-idiotype antibodies may therefore be needed to identify all cells of a malignant clone, and some patients may require treatment with more than one monoclonal antibody. (N Engl J Med 1985; 312:1658–65.)
Multidrug-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> outbreak after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Authors: C. Aumeran, L. Poincloux, B. Souweine, F. Robin, H. Laurichesse, O. Baud, G. Bommelaer, O. Traoré
Journal: Endoscopy (2010)

Background and study aims: Infection is a recognized complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). We describe the epidemiologic and molecular investigations of an outbreak of ERCP-related severe nosocomial infection due to Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL).
THE SURGICAL TREATMENT OF INTRACTABLE PAIN
Authors: LOYAL DAVIS
Journal: JAMA (1933)

The suffering associated with syphilitic visceral crises, inoperable carcinomas with metastases, angina pectoris, and trigeminal neuralgia needs only to be mentioned to emphasize that there are many unsolved problems associated with the physiology of pain and the surgical procedures employed for its relief. Certain clinical and experimental observations are of interest in an attempt to learn more of the pathways for the conduction of painful impulses and the methods employed for their surgical relief. In many instances, surgical empiricism has preceded known anatomic and physiologic facts in attempts to relieve the pain of some of these diseases. Some years ago, Ranson and his associates<sup>1</sup>found in the cat that, as the posterior spinal roots enter the spinal cord, there is a sharp separation of the larger myelinated from the finest myelinated and unmyelinated fibers. The latter fibers, which constitute the lateral division of the root, are so placed that
Characterization of cis-Acting Sequences Involved in Canine Adenovirus Packaging
Authors: Claire Soudais, Sylvie Boutin, Eric J. Kremer
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2001)

The cis-acting packaging domain in adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) is a series of redundant, albeit not functionally equivalent, "A-repeats" made up of the consensus sequence 5′-TTTGN8CG-3′. A-repeats may bind trans-acting factors that direct packaging of the adenovirus genome into the preformed capsid. To try to understand this basic mechanism, we examined the packaging domain from a nonhuman adenovirus. We delimited the canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) packaging domain to within 156 bp via a conditional mutation based on the Cre/loxP excision. Using an insertion, deletion, and substitution strategy, we generated packaging-defective CAV-2 vectors. Our results demonstrate that, like Ad5, CAV-2 cis-acting packaging sequences are located near the left inverted terminal repeat and are redundant, but not functionally equivalent. However, the bipartite motif found in Ad5 is present only once in CAV-2 and deletion of it caused only a minor variation in the packaging efficiency. We have identified at least four functional cis-acting packaging sequences in CAV-2. The CAV-2 vectors that we generated were not replication-defective in an E1-transcomplementing cell line and as heat stable as the parental vectors that did not contain mutations.
New Strategies Yield Optimism for Arthritis
Authors: Kathryn S. Brown
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1997)

Currents15 October 1997New Strategies Yield Optimism for ArthritisKathryn S. BrownKathryn S. BrownSearch for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-127-8_Part_1-199710150-00042 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail An assortment of drugs that slow arthritis progression and ease its symptoms could reach patients by the year 2000. The new therapies inhibit tumor necrosis factor (TNF), block interleukin (IL) proteins, and selectively target the cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme (COX-2). More advances await, as researchers hunt for susceptibility genes and the environmental risk factors that contribute to rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.This new optimism reflects better understanding of arthritis biochemistry, said Peter Lipsky, MD, a rheumatologist at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas. “What we're seeing is the tip of the iceberg of basic arthritis research,” Lipsky explained.Medications ... Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAuthors: Kathryn S. Brown PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byHealth-related Quality of Life in Economic Evaluations for Osteoporosis 15 October 1997Volume 127, Issue 8_Part_1Page: 662-663 ePublished: 15 August 2000 Issue Published: 15 October 1997 Copyright & PermissionsCopyright © 1997 by American College of Physicians. All Rights Reserved.PDF downloadLoading ...
LESSONS TO BE LEARNED FROM THE PRESENT OUTBREAK OF YELLOW FEVER IN LOUISIANA.
Authors: JAMES CARROLL
Journal: JAMA (1905)

The present seems to be a suitable occasion to invite attention to several points in connection with the epidemic occurrence of yellow fever in the United States at the present as well as at other times. In the discussion of the symposium on yellow fever at the meeting of the American Public Health Association in Washington in 1903, I called attention<sup>1</sup>to the necessity during the epidemic season for requiring physicians, in cities where yellow fever is prevailing or likely to prevail, to report promptly to the authorities all cases of fever of any kind coming to their notice. This is necessary in order that there may be no delay in the institution of proper measures to protect the community against extension of the disease if it be yellow fever, for this extension will almost surely take place in the more southern latitudes if the patients are not protected
THE MENACE OF QUACKERY TO PHYSICAL MEDICINE
Authors: C. B. Heald
Journal: BMJ (1932)

JOUJRNAtbefore and after tonsillectomy in the same pupils, she suggests that the removal of tonsils had little influence in lessening the susceptibility to most infections.7. We hold no brief for the retention of diseased or really obstructive tonsils or adenoids, nor do we wish to cast doubt upon the high value of the operation in cases in which there is sure evidence of toxic or obstructive damage.A review of the literature and the epidemiological observations made on a highly tonsillectomized child population suggest, however, that the excellent endresults of tonsillectomy in selected cases have been statistically overweighted by indifferent end-results in cases in which the operation has been performed without sufficient indications as a more or less routine pro- phylactic ritual.In our opinion, a large proportion of the tonsillectomies now done in children are unnecessary, entail some risk, and give little or no return.In conclusion, we uwish to thank the Medical Research Council and the Committee of Investigation into Epidemics in Schools for their kind permission to use their records for our observationis, and Dr. E. A. Straker for much help.