tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
One-year efficacy of aclidinium/formoterol fixed-dose combination in COPD patients: The AUGMENT COPD study
Authors: Anthony D'Urzo, Stephen Rennard, Edward Kerwin, Victor Mergel, Thomas He, Anne Leselbaum, Cynthia Caracta
Journal: European Respiratory Journal (2014)

BACKGROUND: Treatment with either aclidinium (ACL) or formoterol (FOR) improves lung function and reduces symptoms in COPD patients  AIM: To assess the efficacy of fixed-dose combinations (FDC) of ACL bromide/FOR fumarate in COPD patients.  METHODS: Patients were randomized to twice-daily ACL/FOR 400µg/12µg (FDC12), 400µg/6µg (FDC6), ACL 400µg, FOR 12µg, or placebo (PBO). Following a 24-week lead-in, consenting patients continued double-blind treatment for 28 more weeks (52 weeks total). Lung function (1-hr postdose FEV 1  and trough FEV 1 ), transition dyspnea index (TDI) focal score, and % TDI responders (patients with ≥1 unit improvement from baseline) are presented.  RESULTS: Statistically significant improvements from baseline in 1-hr postdose FEV 1  and trough FEV 1  were seen for both FDCs vs placebo throughout 52 weeks (Table). At week 52, clinically meaningful improvements in TDI focal score and significantly greater percentages of TDI responders were seen with both FDCs vs PBO. Numerical improvements in TDI were generally greater with FDC12 vs FDC6. Statistically significant improvements from baseline in 1-hour postdose (day 1, week 52) and trough FEV 1  (day 4) were observed with both FDCs vs either monotherapy.  CONCLUSIONS: One-year treatment with aclidinium/formoterol FDCsresulted in statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in bronchodilation and dyspnea in COPD patients.
Polymorphisms in cell cycle pathway genes and risk of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Authors: Yawei Zhang, Qing Lan, Nathaniel Rothman, Theodore R. Holford, Brian Leaderer, Peter Boyle, Shelia Zahm, Sophia Wang, Yong Zhu, Bing Zhang, Kaiyong Zou, Stephen Chanock, Tongzhang Zheng
Journal: Cancer Research (2005)

2558   Cell cycle genes, responsible for cell cycle checkpoints and apoptotic process, have been documented to be involved in the development and progression of many human cancers. Genetic variations in cell cycle genes may alter cell cycle function, resulting in the accumulation of genetic damage and consequently promoting tumorigenesis. Here, we test the hypothesis that genetic polymorphisms in several major cell cycle pathway genes may be associated with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) risk in a population-based case-control study in Connecticut women involving 518 cases and 597 controls who donated either blood or buccal cell samples. High-throughput genotyping was conducted on an ABI 7900HT sequence detection system at the Core Genotyping Facility of the National Cancer Institute (http://snp500cancer.nci.nih.gov). We examined associations between nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in six cell cycle genes and NHL risk: BCL6, TP53, CCNH, CCND1, CHEK1, and CDKN2A. A SNP (rs1056932) in the B cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) gene showed a significantly increased risk for all NHL (OR=2.1, 95%CI: 1.4-3.2), for all B-cell lymphomas (OR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.3,3.1), and T-cell lymphomas (OR=5.1, 95%CI: 2.0,13.0) for the C/C compared to the T/T genotype. Significantly increased risk was similarly observed for the following B cell subtypes: B-cell chronic lymphatic leukemia/prolymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL) (OR=3.5, 95%CI: 1.6,7.9), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (OR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.1,3.5), and follicular lymphoma (OR=2.0, 95%CI: 1.1,3.7). The tumor suppressor TP53 polymorphism (rs1042522) was associated with a reduced risk of T-cell lymphoma (OR=0.4, 95%CI: 0.2,0.9) for C/C and C/G combined genotypes compared to the G/G genotype. A significantly reduced risk of CLL/SLL was also observed for the combined C/C and C/T genotypes of the CCNH gene (rs2266690) compared to the T/T genotype (OR=0.4, 95%CI: 0.2,0.9). There were no significant associations found between SNPs in the CCND1, CHEK1, or CDKN2A genes and risk of NHL overall and by subtype. Our results support the hypothesis that genetic variation in cell cycle genes play a role in the etiology of NHL and support the need for more intensive investigation of this pathway as a factor in lymphomagenesis.
Outcome after surgical treatment of suspected gastrointestinal stromal tumors involving the duodenum: Is limited resection appropriate?
Authors: Pierce Chow, Brian Goh, Sittampalam Kesavan, Wai-Ming Yap, Wai-Keong Wong
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2007)

C34   Introduction: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) involving the duodenum are rarely reported. The present surgical opinions is divided regarding the optimal method for the resection of duodenal GIST with some investigators supporting the selective use of limited resection (LR) versus others who prefer pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD).  Methods: A retrospective review of 22 patients who underwent surgery for a GIST or suspected GIST involving the duodenum at a single institution was performed. Comparison was made between GIST versus other non-GIST benign submucosal tumors and between results of LR versus PD.  Results: There were 15 GISTs, 1 leiomyosarcoma and 6 other non-GIST benign submucosal tumors. 20 patients underwent curative resection including 7 PDs and 13 LRs. Surgery with palliative intent was performed in 2 patients with advanced duodenal leiomyosarcoma and GIST respectively. All 7 PDs were performed for GIST and all 6 patients with benign non-GIST submucosal tumors underwent LR. Comparison between the clinicopathological features of GIST and other benign tumors demonstrated that patient demographics and clinical presentation were similar and that size was the only statistically significant distinguishing factor. Comparison between LR versus PD demonstrated that LR was associated with a significantly shorter operation time but both had similar morbidity and mortality rates. Seven patients with GIST underwent LR and 7 underwent PD. The median follow-up of the 14 patients was 42 (range, 2-174) months and all were alive at follow-up. The long-term outcomes of patients who underwent LR versus PD were similar in terms of disease-specific specific survival and recurrence rates. Two patients (1 moderate risk and 1 high risk GIST) who underwent PD and 1 patient (high risk GIST) who underwent LR developed recurrences and all 3 recurrences occurred at distant sites.  Conclusion: Benign non-GIST submucosal tumors should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of small duodenal submucosal tumors. LR is a viable treatment option in patients with suspected GIST involving the duodenum provided that complete resection with clear margins can be obtained. PD should be reserved for patients where LR is not technically feasible.
Bioterrorism Threat Calls for Revisiting Research Protections
Authors: Brian Vastag
Journal: JAMA (2002)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Diseases of the Nervous System
Authors: John H. Tilden
Journal: JAMA (1952)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Extracorporeal photopheresis in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Inconsistent data underline the need for randomized studies
Authors: R. Russell-Jones
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2000)

Edelson et al.7 first reported the use of extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) in 1987, and since then several studies reporting response rates and survival data have appeared in the literature. Several modes of action have been proposed for ECP. In CTCL there is an accumulating body of evidence to show that 8-methoxypsoralen-treated cells display increased quantities of antigenic peptides at their cell surfaces, and this in turn leads to an enhanced cytotoxic response against the neoplastic T-cell population. This mechanism requires the presence of malignant cells in the peripheral circulation, and may account for the observation that ECP produces higher response rates in erythrodermic CTCL than at other stages of disease. However, patients with inflammatory skin diseases such as reactive erythroderma may also respond to ECP, and it is therefore crucial that a diagnosis of Sézary syndrome is confirmed by demonstrating a clonal population of T cells in the peripheral blood. Unfortunately, most studies have not employed T-cell receptor gene analysis routinely, and this may account for the different response rates and survival data reported with ECP in the literature. To date, ECP has not been tested in a randomized study against conventional forms of therapy.
High-glucose environment reduces human β-defensin-2 expression in human keratinocytes: implications for poor diabetic wound healing
Authors: C.-C.E. Lan, C.-S. Wu, S.-M. Huang, H.-Y. Kuo, I.-H. Wu, C.W. Liang, G.-S. Chen
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2012)

Wound healing is a dynamic and complicated process in which inflammation, re-epithelialization and angiogenesis play important roles. Intriguingly, all three processes have been found to be defective during diabetic wound healing conditions. One common denominator associated with regulation of these events is human β-defensin-2 (hBD2). It has been shown that skin wounding induces cutaneous hBD2 expression, and diabetic wounds have been associated with inadequate hBD expression.The current study was launched to explore the effects of a high-glucose environment on cultured human keratinocytes.Human keratinocytes were exposed to indicated culture conditions. The mRNA and protein levels of hBD2 were determined, and activation of relevant pathways was evaluated. The small interference RNA approach was used to validate the functional role of the proposed pathway on hBD2 expression.We showed that high-glucose cultivated keratinocytes expressed reduced levels of hBD2 and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription (pSTAT)-1 constitutively. In addition, pSTAT-1 signalling is critically involved in hBD2 expression. Formation of advanced glycation endproducts, a direct consequence of a high-glucose environment, involves constitutive downregulation of pSTAT-1 and hBD2. The addition of interleukin-1β, an important cytokine during the cutaneous wound healing process, enabled the upregulation of hBD2 expression of both normal- and high-glucose cultivated keratinocytes, but the absolute levels of hBD2 were still significantly lower in the high-glucose-treated group.As hBD2 plays multifaceted roles during the wound healing process, the inadequate expression of hBD2 during diabetic conditions contributes to impaired wound healing.
1062. Functional Rescue of Parkinsonian NonHuman Primates by a Dopamine Producing Multicistronic Lentiviral Vector
Authors: Bechir Jarraya, Mimoun Azzouz, James Miskin, Scott G. Ralph, Fraser Wilkes, Jonathan Rohll, Lucy E. Walmsley, Fiona Ellard, Susan M. Kingsman, Kyriacos A. Mitrophanous, Philippe Hantraye, Stephane Palphi, Nicholas D. Mazarakis
Journal: Molecular Therapy (2004)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting 1% of the population over 55 years, whose cardinal symptoms include rigidity, resting tremor, bradykinesia and impaired postural reflexes. PD is characterised by a selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, creating dopamine deficiency in the target projection area: the striatum. We and others have demonstrated that expression of the dopamine biosynthetic enzymes tyrosine hydroxyalse (TH), aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC), and GTP cyclohydrolase 1 (CH1), in the striatum, results in a significant improvement in motor function in animal models of the disease (Azzouz et al., J Neurosci. 2002 22:10302-12; Shen et al., Hum Gene Ther 2000 11:1509-19; Muramatsu et. al., Hum Gene Ther 2002 13:345-354). We have generated an optimised EIAV tricistronic vector LentiVector® (EIAV-TRIC), with an improved expression and safety profile, that can express all the three enzymes in transduced striatal neurons, both in vitro and in vivo. Stereotactic delivery of these vectors in the sensorimotor putamen of MPTP treated macaques with severe parkinsonism, led to significant motor recovery and improvement in clinical rating scales. This was specific to the EIAV-TRIC treated macaques, for similar treatment with a vector expressing a marker gene failed to yield any such improvement. Our results indicate that intraputamenal delivery of dopamine synthesising genes by LentiVector®, can achieve functional rescue in a primate PD model, thus opening the potential for its use in gene therapy of late stage PD patients.
Aids to Qualitative Inorganic Analysis
Authors: R. G. Austin, Robert Henry Aders Plimmer
Journal: JAMA (1934)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
When Science and Christianity Meet
Authors: F. Gregory
Journal: JAMA (2004)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
Abstract 16028: Sustained Increase in the Incidence of Acute Cardiovascular Events After the 2011 Northeast Japan Tsunami: A Population Based Study
Authors: Motoyuki Nakamura, Fumitaka Tanaka, Miho Honma, Ryosuke Komi
Journal: Circulation (2014)

BACKGROUD: No population based studies to date have reported the long-term effects on the incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and acute decompensated heart failure (DHF) after a devastating tsunami. METHODS: A population based AMI and DHF registration study was conducted in the Iwate prefecture 2 years before and 2 years after the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami. Clinical records were reviewed at all hospitals within the district and at nearby teaching hospitals. AMI including sudden cardiac death and DHF were then registered according to the MONICA criteria, and the Framingham definition, respectively. RESULTS: During the 4 year survey period, a total of 1,223 AMI cases (mean age = 74.5) and 1,416 DHF cases (mean age = 80.1) were identified. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and 95% CI for AMI and DHF during the disaster year of 2011 and the post disaster year of 2012 were determined respectively from the number of observed cases relative to the number of expected cases calculated by age adjusted incidence rates for two pre disaster years (2009-2010). When the SIR of AMI and DHF were compared between the control area and the tsunami stricken area (Figure), ratios for both AMI and DHF were significantly higher in the tsunami stricken area in the disaster year of 2011(AMI; 1.24, 95% CI 1.08 - 1.42: DHF; 1.58, 95% CI 1.43 - 1.74), and this increase was sustained even in the post disaster year of 2012 (AMI; 1.24, 95% CI 1.08 - 1.43: DHF; 1.28, 95% CI 1.15 - 1.43). However, in the control area with no significant tsunami damage, no such increase was apparent during the disaster year or the post disaster year. CONCLUSION: After the devastating tsunami, the incidence of AMI and DHF increased significantly and this increase was sustained for more than a year. This suggests that sudden drastic changes in daily life due to devastating natural disasters increase the incidence of acute cardiovascular events in a sustained manner
Cytomegalovirus US2 destroys two components of the MHC class II pathway, preventing recognition by CD4+ T cells
Authors: Roman Tomazin, Jessica Boname, Nagendra R. Hegde, David M. Lewinsohn, Yoram Altschuler, Thomas R. Jones, Peter Cresswell, Jay A. Nelson, Stanley R. Riddell, David C. Johnson
Journal: Nature Medicine (1999)
Abstract 17295: Health Economics in the PLATelet inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) Randomized Trial: Report on Within Trial Resource Use Patterns
Authors: Magnus Janzon, Elisabet Lundborg, Martin Henriksson, Lars-Ake L Levin, Ole Hauch, Daniel B Mark, Patricia A Cowper, Padma Kaul, Robert A Harrington, Jay Horrow, Lars Wallentin
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  The PLATO trial randomized 18,624 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients in 43 countries to ticagrelor + aspirin versus clopidogrel + aspirin and observed a significantly reduced risk of myocardial infarction, stroke or death from vascular causes with ticagrelor (hazard ratio 0.84, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.92). A health economics substudy was prospectively included as part of the PLATO research program.   Methods:  Major resource units of relevance were incorporated onto the main study case report form and were collected on all PLATO patients through the end of study follow-up. These include bed days, interventions, investigations and blood products.   Results:  Of the key resource use variables (see Table) ticagrelor resulted in 1149 fewer bed days (per patient mean difference 0.18, 95% CI −0.20 to 0.56) of which 712 were categorized as intensive care days occurring after the index hospitalization (per patient mean difference 0.08, 95% 0.01 to 0.15), 95 fewer PCIs (per patient mean difference 0.01, 95% CI −0.01 to 0.03) and 41 fewer CABGs (per patient mean difference 0.01, 95% CI −0.00 to 0.01) compared to the clopidogrel treated patients. Table. Selected per patient resource use patterns observed in the PLATO study   Conclusions:  In the PLATO trial, ticagrelor produced significant reduction in ICU days occurring after the index hospitalization, non-significant reduction in overall bed days and a non-significant reduction in revascularization procedures. The effect of these shifts on net medical costs out to 1 year will be reported from the perspective of several of the main participating PLATO countries.
Abstract 12461: Relationship Between Number of Controlled Residual Risk Factors and Incidence of Cardiovascular Events Among Patients Who Achieved Target LDL Cholesterol Level: A Report From the "Heart Care Network" Groups
Authors: Takatoshi Kasai, Hiroyuki Daida
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: It is reported that after achieving target LDL cholesterol (LDL-c) level, patients with accumulated residual risk factors (i.e. low HDL cholesterol, high triglyceride, high blood pressu...
Characteristics and regional variations of group D streptococcal endocarditis in France
Authors: E. Giannitsioti, C. Chirouze, A. Bouvet, I. Béguinot, F. Delahaye, J.-L. Mainardi, M. Celard, L. Mihaila-Amrouche, V.L. Moing, B. Hoen
Journal: Clinical Microbiology and Infection (2007)