tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract 19908: Major Depressive Disorder and History of Suicide Attempt are Independent Risk Factors for Premature Non-Suicide and Cardiovascular Death in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III)
Authors: Amit J Shah, Emir Veledar, Viola Vaccarino
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Although depressive symptoms are shown to associate with mortality, few controlled studies have examined major depressive disorder (MDD) as a risk factor for premature death in young adults. We studied the relationship of MDD and history of suicide attempt (an alternative measure of depression) with non-suicide death and cardiovascular death in a US cohort of young adults. Additionally, we examined the role of smoking and BMI in mediating this relationship.

Methods: We studied 7611 adults aged 17-39 years without cardiovascular (CV) disease from the NHANES III (1988-1994) study. MDD and history of suicide attempt were assessed via the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Detailed data on traditional cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviors, as well as mortality and cause of death data through 2006 were assessed. Longitudinal analysis was carried out using Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: The mean age was 28.1 +/- 6.6 years, with 241 (3.2%) non-suicide and 47 (0.6%) cardiovascular deaths occurring during a median of 14.9 years follow-up. At onset, 7.0% were diagnosed with MDD, 5.4% attempted suicide, and 10.7% had at least one of the two. In models adjusted for age, plasma cholesterol, race, systolic BP, and education, MDD (HR 3.0, p<0.001) and history of suicide attempt (HR 3.0, p<0.001) were associated with non-suicide death in males only (gender interaction: p<0.01 for MDD and p=0.08 for suicide). In adjusted analyses, those with MDD and/or history of suicide attempt had increased risk for cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.8, p=0.008) in both sexes. When adding BMI and smoking to the model for cardiovascular death, the HR decreased by 18% to 2.3 (p=0.03). Similar decreases in effect size were observed for the association of MDD (HR 2.7, p<0.001) and history of suicide attempt (HR 2.5, p=0.003) with non-suicide mortality among males.

Conclusion: Among young, mostly healthy individuals, major depression and history of suicide attempt are important risk factors for premature non-suicide death in men, as well as cardiovascular death in both sexes. Smoking and health behaviors that increase BMI (such as overeating and sedentary activity) may play a role, but do not completely account for the association.
Abstract 16209: Commissure Orientation Influences Aortic Aneurysm Morphology in Normally Functioning Bicuspid Aortic Valves: A Parametric, Computational Fluid Dynamic Study
Authors: Giovanni Battista Luciani, Luca Antiga, Giovanni Puppini, Francesca Viscardi, Giuseppe Faggian, Alessandro Mazzucco, Christian Vergara
Journal: Circulation (2011)

Objective. Role of hemodynamics in pathogenesis of ascending aortic aneurysm (AAA) associated with normally functioning bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) remains controversial. A finite element analysis ...
Abstract P067: Association of Number of Eating Episodes per Day with Blood Pressure: INTERMAP Study
Authors: Ghadeer S Aljuraiban, Queenie Chan, Ian Brown, Martha Daviglus, Jeremiah Stamler, Linda Van Horn, Paul Elliott, Gary Frost
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background: Greater meal frequency per day may relate favorably to blood pressure (BP) levels of individuals. Aims: Explore associations of BP with frequency of food intake and meal timing among American participants of the INTERMAP Study. Whether differential nutrient intakes are contributing to observed BP differences is also explored. Methods: The INTERMAP Study is a cross-sectional epidemiologic investigation of 4,680 men and women ages 40–59 years in China, Japan, United Kingdom and United States (US). Data include findings from four 24-hour dietary recalls, two 24-hour urine collections, 8 BP measurements and health history questionnaires. Meals and snacks will be referred to as “eating episodes” (EP), where an eating episode is an intake of energy separated from the previous intake of food by a period of time. Results: Among 2,195 US participants, mean number of EP was 5.8 (SD 1.7) and average energy/EP was 423.0 kcal (SD 160.6) per day. About 57% of participants had less than 6 EP per day and had significantly higher systolic BP (SBP) compared to 43% of participants having 6 or more EP per day (119.3 mmHg, SD 13.9 vs. 117.7 mmHg, SD 13.9 P=0.01). Mean energy/EP, adjusted for sex, age, population sample and body mass index (BMI), was significantly higher among those having less than 6 EP per day then those with 6 or more EP per day (P&lt;0.0001). Association of average number of EP with SBP was consistently negative in linear regression models adjusted for energy, sex, age, BMI, special diet, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and family history of hypertension (b=−0.04, P=0.04). Conclusions: Smaller more frequent intake of meals/snacks relates favorably to BP levels. Several mechanisms may be involved, e.g., improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, with spreading food intake throughout the day.
Abstract 4513: Efficacy And Safety Of Percutaneous Patent Foramen Ovale Closure In Patients With Thrombophilia
Authors: Pablo Rengifo-Moreno, Ignacio Cruz-Gonzalez, Roberto J Cubeddu, Maria Sanchez-Ledezma, Mingming Ning, Maryellen Mcnamara, Ferdinando Buonanno, Ignacio Inglessis-Azuaje, Zareh Demirjian, Igor F Palacios
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: The presence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) is associated with higher rates of cryptogenic stroke. In patients with hypercoagulable states, the incidence of recurrent cerebral ischemic events may be greatly increased if a PFO is present. Percutaneous PFO closure is an alternative therapeutic approach for patients with both conditions who are not candidates for long-term anticoagulation, or have developed recurrent neurological events despite medical therapy. Methods: Between January 1995 to February 2007, 424 consecutive patients with PFO and cryptogenic stroke underwent percutaneous PFO closure. Of these, we identified 112 (26%) patients with a hypercoagulable disorder. We compared the safety and long-term outcome of percutaneous PFO closure in these two groups of patients. Results: Patients with thrombophilia were older (51.7±13 vs 48.3±14 years, p = 0.025), yet no different regarding baseline demographics or echocardiographic characteristics. Percutaneous PFO closure was successful in all the patients. There were no differences in the type of device used (Amplatzer: 53.6 vs 50%, Cardioseal 39.3 vs 41.7%, Sideris 7.1 vs 8.3%; p= 0.78). At median follow-up of 14.3 months (interquartile range: 6.1–31.4 months) there rate of stroke/TIA was similar for both groups (1.7 vs 1.6%, log rank test p = 0.35). At follow-up echocardiography, the rate of complete PFO closure was greater in the thrombophilic patients (97.3 vs 91.7%, p=0.04). Conclusions: Percutaneous PFO closure is safe and effective in preventing recurrent ischemic cerebral events in patients with thrombophilia.
Abstract 12889: Myeloperoxidase Predicts Prognosis and Exercise Capacity in Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Volker Rudolph, Simon Molz, Hans Klose, Tanja Rudolph, Anna Klinke, Thomas Meinertz, Stephan Baldus
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background: Myeloperoxidase (MPO), a heme protein abundantly expressed by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN) depletes vascular nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and has been identified as powerful...
Abstract 20207: Effect of Metabolic Syndrome on Incident Peripheral Arterial Disease is Independent of Insulin Resistance: Insights from a Prospective Population Study
Authors: Mustafa I Ahmed, Ravi V Desai, Marjan Mujib, Jason Guichard, William Jordan, Yan Zhang, Wilbert S Aronow, Gregg C Fonarow, Ali Ahmed
Journal: Circulation (2010)

Background:  Insulin resistance (IR) is believed to have an independent association with adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and may have an mediating effect of the adverse CV effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a marker of systemic atherosclerosis, the prevalence of which increases with aging, and the incidence of which would be expected to higher in those with IR and MetS. Therefore, studied the relationship between MetS, IR and incident PAD in community dwelling adults ≥65 years in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS).   Methods:  Of the 5795 CHS participants, 4840 were free of baseline PAD (defined by ankle-brachial index >0.9) and had baseline data on fasting serum glucose and insulin levels (and were not taking insulin therapy). MetS was defined using Adult Treatment Panel (ATP) III criteria and IR was defined as homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) IR scores. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate associations of MetS and IR with centrally-adjudicated incident PAD during > 12 years of follow-up. The multivariable model was also adjusted for demographics and other CV risk factors including serum inflammatory markers.   Results:  Participants had a mean age 73 (±5) years, 58% were women and 13% African American. Overall, 44% had MetS with HOMA-IR tertiles 1, 2, and 3 having 16%, 40% and 75% MetS respectively. Hazard ratios, 95% confidence intervals and p-values for incident PAD associated with MetS and IR are displayed in the Table.   Conclusions:  Among community-dwelling older adults free of baseline PAD, MetS was associated with incident PAD that was independent of IR, and other cardiovascular risk factors including serum inflammatory markers. However, IR had no association with incident PAD.
Multicellular Aggregates Of Lymphoma Cells (MALC): An Invaluable Model For Studying Follicular Lymphoma Biology and Mechanisms Of Action Of Therapeutic Drugs Such As Anti-CD20 Antibodies
Authors: Christine Bezombes, Emilie Decaup, Pauline Gravelle, Christine Jean, Camille Laurent, Christian Klein, Nathalie Varoqueaux, Ariel Savina, Jean-Jacques Fournié, Guy Laurent
Journal: Blood (2013)
85岁老人的健康和疾病状况：英国纽卡斯尔港市85岁以上老人队列研究的基本发现（摘要）
Authors: Joanna, Collerton, Karen, Davies, Carol, Jagger, Andrew, John, Martin, Eccles, Carmen, Martin-Ruiz, Thomas, von, Zglinicki, Oliver, James, Kirkwood
Journal: BMJ (2010)
Abstract 825: Effect of Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy on the Timing of Regional Myocardial Deformation
Authors: Chinami Miyazaki, Brian D Powell, Margaret M Redfield, Raul E Espinosa, Charles J Bruce, Robert F Rea, Fletcher A Miller, Jae K Oh
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Effect of CRT on the timing of regional myocardial strain is not fully described. We aimed to explore the effect of CRT on the timing of regional myocardial strain using speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods: STE and tissue Doppler imaging were performed in 91 patients before and 6 month after CRT. Time to peak longitudinal strain (Tϵ) from the onset of QRS was measured in 16 segments from three apical views. Time to peak systolic tissue velocity (Tv) was also measured in 12 basal and mid segments. Reverse remodeling was defined as 10% reduction in end-systolic volume. Results: At baseline, Tϵ and Tv demonstrated specific pattern with earlier septal and delayed lateral contraction (Figure ). Tϵ in responders showed significantly earlier timing in mid inferoseptal (p=0.003) and anteroseptal segments (base, P=0.005, mid P=0.007) than in nonresponders, whereas the timing of free wall did not differ between responders and non-responders. After CRT, Tϵ in earlier segments (inferoseptal, anteroseptal and inferior wall) prolonged significantly (p&lt;0.001), whereas other segments did not change timing. Accordingly, SD of Tϵ in 12 segments reduced after CRT (110±46 ms vs. 81±36 ms, p&lt;0.001). Tv did not change in all segments and SD of Tv did not improve after CRT (43±16 vs. 46±16 ms, p=0.20). Conclusions: Simultaneous electrical activation of LV free wall and septum with CRT achieves mechanical synchronization by delaying the timing of earlier contracting segment rather than directly shortening the timing in lateral wall. This could be explained by the increased wall stress on the septum as it contracts simultaneously with the opposing LV free wall. Figure. Change in Regional Timing in Strain and Peak Velocity
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: results and degrees of technical difficulty as well as success
Authors: A. Imagawa, H. Okada, Y. Kawahara, R. Takenaka, J. Kato, H. Kawamoto, S. Fujiki, R. Takata, T. Yoshino, Y. Shiratori
Journal: Endoscopy (2006)

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a new method for the curative treatment of early gastrointestinal neoplasms, which was developed in order to increase the en bloc and R0 resection rate, especially for lesions larger than 20 mm in diameter. Drawbacks of ESD include the fact that it is technically a substantially more difficult procedure and that it is associated with a higher perforation rate. A retrospective study was therefore carried out to analyze cases in relation to the procedure time and resection success, and these factors were correlated with the characteristics of the lesions.From January 2002 to November 2005, 196 lesions in 185 patients with early gastric cancer were treated using ESD in our hospital. The rates of curative en bloc resection, the incidence of perforation, and the procedure times were analyzed in relation to lesion size (small, 20 mm or less in diameter; large, over 20 mm), location (upper, middle, or lower third of the stomach) and the presence or absence of ulceration.The rate of curative en bloc resection was 84 % (93 % of the lesions overall were resected in one piece), with a perforation rate of 6.1 % (all perforations were managed endoscopically) and a mean procedure time of 68 min. The rate of curative en bloc resection differed significantly depending on the location of the lesion (upper vs. middle vs. lower, 74 % vs. 77 % vs. 91 %; P < 0.05), as well as on the size of the lesion (> 20 mm vs. 20 mm or less, 59 % vs. 89 %; P < 0.0001). There were also significant differences in the mean procedure times in relation to the location of the lesion (upper vs. middle vs. lower, 105 min vs. 81 min vs. 45 min; P < 0.0001) and the size of the lesion (> 20 mm vs. 20 mm or less, 124 min vs. 55 min; P < 0.0001), as well as the presence of ulceration (positive vs. negative, 97 min vs. 65 min; P < 0.05). With regard to perforation rates, significant differences were also observed in relation to the location of the lesion (upper vs. middle vs. lower, 22.6 % vs. 2.8 % vs. 3.2 %; P < 0.0005) and size of the lesion (> 20 mm vs. 20 mm or less, 16.2 % vs. 3.8 %; P < 0.005). No local recurrences of curatively resected lesions (n = 119) were observed after a follow-up period of 1 year.The difficulty of ESD depends on the location and size of the lesion, as well as on the presence of ulceration. We would recommend that trainees should begin by carrying out ESD on lesions with a diameter of less than 20 mm without ulceration that are located in the lower third of the stomach.
SOLO1 and SOLO2: Randomized phase III trials of olaparib in patients (pts) with ovarian cancer and a <i>BRCA1/2</i> mutation (BRCAm).
Authors: Kathleen N. Moore, Paul DiSilvestro, Elizabeth S. Lowe, Sally Garnett, Eric Pujade-Lauraine
Journal: Journal of Clinical Oncology (2014)

TPS5616 Background: In a pivotal Phase II trial (NCT00753545), maintenance treatment with the oral PARP inhibitor olaparib (400 mg bid; capsules) led to a significant PFS improvement vs placebo in pts with platinum-sensitive, relapsed serous ovarian cancer (Ledermann et al NEJM 2012), with the greatest PFS benefit seen in pts with a BRCAm (HR=0.18, 95% CI 0.10–0.31, P<0.00001; Ledermann et al ASCO 2013). Two AstraZeneca-sponsored Phase III trials of olaparib maintenance monotherapy have been initiated in ovarian cancer pts with a BRCAm: SOLO1 (NCT01844986); SOLO2 (NCT01874353). Methods: SOLO1 and SOLO2 are double-blind multicenter studies in which pts are being randomized (2:1) to receive olaparib (300 mg [2 x 150 mg tablets] bid) or placebo. Both trials are recruiting pts with high-grade serous or endometrioid ovarian cancer, including primary peritoneal and/or fallopian tube cancer, who have a known deleterious (or suspected deleterious) BRCAm and who are in complete or partial response following the completion of platinum-based chemotherapy. To be eligible for SOLO1, pts must have newly diagnosed, advanced (FIGO stage III–IV) disease and have responded to first-line platinum therapy, whereas pts in SOLO2 must have completed ≥2 lines of platinum therapy. All eligible pts will have a BRCAm and will undergo germline BRCA testing (Myriad Integrated BRACAnalysis) as part of the trials. For both trials, the primary objective is PFS by blinded independent central review using RECIST v1.1. Radiologic scans will be performed at baseline and every 12 weeks for 120 (SOLO1) or 72 (SOLO2) weeks, and every 24 weeks thereafter. Blinded treatment will continue until objective disease progression. Primary analyses will be performed at ≈60% maturity using log-rank tests. Other objectives for both trials include: overall survival; time to earliest progression (RECIST or CA-125); time from randomization to second progression (PFS2); HRQoL; tolerability. Enrollment began in Sep 2013. As of Jan 2014, both trials have recruited approximately 10% of the target patient population. Target recruitment: SOLO1, n≈344 randomized pts (≈110 sites worldwide); SOLO2, n≈264 randomized pts (≈80 sites worldwide). Clinical trial information: NCT01844986 and NCT01874353.
Abstract 216: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Due to Drowning Among Children and Adults
Authors: Masahiko Nitta, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Taku Iwami, Vinay Nadkarni, Robert Berg, Tatsuya Nishiuchi, Yasuyuki Hayashi
Journal: Circulation (2012)

Background : Favorable neurological outcome after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) were more common among children than adults. However, little is known about the difference in outcomes after OHCA due to drowning. Objectives : The aim of this study is to assess the outcome after OHCA due to drowning between children and adults. Our hypothesis is that outcomes after OHCA due to drowning would be in better among children (&lt;18 years old) compared with adults (&gt;=18 years old). Method : This prospective population-based, observational study included all emergency medical service-treated OHCA due to drowning in Osaka, Japan, between 1999 and 2010 (excluding 2004). The primary outcome measure was neurologically favorable one-month survival defined as cerebral performance category (CPC) 1 or 2. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to account for factors associated with better neurological outcomes. Results : During the study period, 66,716 OHCAs were documented, and resuscitations were attempted for 62,048 patients (1,300 children [2%] and 60,748 adults [98%]). Among these OHCAs, 1,737 (3% of OHCAs) were due to drowning (68 children [4%] and 1,669 adults [96%]). The proportion of return of spontaneous circulation, hospital admission, one-month survival after OHCA due to drowning was significantly higher among children than adults (Table). The proportion of neurologically favorable one-month survival was greater among children than adults (4% [3/68] vs 1% [11/1669], p=0.015, crude odds ratio [OR]: 6.95 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.89-25.52]; adjusted OR: 3.69 [95% CI: 0.58-23.48]). Conclusion : This large OHCA registry showed that children had better outcomes after OHCA due to drowning compared with adults.
Hepatitis C Action Plan for Scotland: Phase II (May 2008-March 2011)
Authors: D Goldberg, G Brown, S Hutchinson, J Dillon, A Taylor, G Howie, S Ahmed, Kirsty Roy, M King, Collective Scotland’s Action Plan Co-ordinatin
Journal: Eurosurveillance (2008)

In 2004, the Scottish Government recognised that &apos;Hepatitis C is one of the most serious and significant public health risks of our generation&apos; [1] . By December 2006, Health Protection Scotland (HPS) estimated that 50,000 people in Scotland had been infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and that 38,000 were chronic carriers (Figure 1) [2]. Following an extensive consultation in 2005, the Health Minister and Chief Medical Officer launched Scotland&apos;s &apos;Action Plan for Hepatitis C&apos; in September 2006 [3]. .
Abstract P152: Video Self-instruction of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Skills for Hospital Personnel in Guatemala
Authors: Demian Szyld, Sergio N Martinez, Sonia Barriento, Marion Leary, Benjamin S Abella
Journal: Circulation (2008)

Background: Barriers to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) education are magnified in the developing world by relative cost and course availability. Though Guatemala has a developed medical infrastructure there are few certified CPR instructors and only one agency providing courses. An AHA video self-instruction (VSI) course is now available in Spanish but no data exist regarding its utility and implementation. Objectives: We sought to: (1) implement a pilot CPR education program in Guatemala using VSI and (2) assess attitudes and opportunities for secondary training by subjects (a “multiplier effect”). Methods: Hospital personnel were voluntarily trained using an established 30 min VSI program translated into Spanish, and subsequently demonstrated skill performance. CPR quality was recorded by direct observation and a CPR-sensing defibrillator without feedback. A post-training interview was performed to collect demographic information and attitudes regarding CPR training and the VSI program. Results: A total of 49 participants completed the study. Mean age (SD) was 36 (8), 86% were female, 65% were employees in clinical areas, and 29% had any prior CPR training. Regarding skills performance, 88% evaluated the patient prior to beginning CPR, 65% called for help, and 100% of participants gave 2 rescue breaths prior to each set of chest compressions. Mean (SD) chest compression depth was 38 mm (16) with adequate (&gt;38 mm) depth noted in 51% of participants. Mean (SD) compression rate was 97 (17) per minute and adequate rate (80 –120 per min) was noted in 70%. Survey data revealed that 94% of participants (stated they would take the VSI kit home to practice and teach family and community members. Participants, blinded to actual price in the US ($25–30), stated they were willing to pay an average of $24 US dollars for the VSI kit (n=44). Conclusions: A previously-validated VSI CPR training kit, translated into Spanish, can be effectively implemented among hospital staff in a developing country in Latin America. Attitudes towards home training and dissemination were positive; further work will be required to establish rates of secondary CPR training.