tbuckley/cabot-search huggingface dataset:
Abstract P310: Socioeconomic Inequalities In The Incidence Of Cerebrovascular Accident And Subtypes Among Migrant Groups In The Netherlands: Analysis Of Nation-wide Data
Authors: Charles Agyemang, Louise van Oeffelen, Michiel Bots, Karien Stronks, Ilonca Vaartjes
Journal: Circulation (2014)

Background: Inverse relationship between socio-economic status (SES) and the incidence of stroke has been well demonstrated in the industrialized countries. However, this inverse relationship is mainly observed in the majority host population, with earlier studies showing no relation or positive relationship in migrant populations. The general consensus is that socioeconomic inequalities will eventually emerge. This study sought to assessed the current state of socioeconomic inequalities in relation to cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and subtypes (subarachnoid haemorrhage, intracerebral haemorrhage, and ischemic stroke) incidence among major migrant populations in the Netherlands. Methods: A nationwide register-based cohort study was conducted (n=2,641,451 persons) between January 1 st 1998 and December 31 st 2010 among migrant groups originating from Suriname, Netherlands Antilles, Indonesia, Morocco and Turkey. Standardized household disposable income was used a as proxy for socioeconomic position. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the socioeconomic inequalities in stroke incidence. Results: The incidence of total CVA and all the CVA subtypes were higher in the low-income group than in the high-income group among majority Dutch population. Similar observations were also found among most migrant groups especially among migrants with long migration histories such as Suriname-born and Indonesia-born in whom individuals with low-income consistently had a higher risk of total CVA and all the CVA subtypes: age, sex, and Charlson Index adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for total CVA was 1.36 (95% CI, 1.17-1.61), and CVD subtypes ranging from 1.45 (95% CI, 1.22-1.73) for ischemic stroke to 1.94 (95% CI, 1.35-2.78) for subarachnoid haemorrhage in Surinamese; and aHR for total CVA was 1.15 (1.03-1.28) and CVA subtypes ranging from 1.21 (95% CI, 1.02-1.44) for intracerebral haemorrhage to 1.26 (95% CI, 1.04-1.53) for subarachnoid haemorrhage in Indonesians. In general, the risk of CVA was higher in all SES groups in migrants from Suriname, Indonesia and Antilles, but lower in migrants from Morocco compared with the Dutch general population. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate socioeconomic inequalities in CVA incidence in most migrants groups and suggest a convergence towards the Dutch general population. Reduction in CVA incidence in poor sections of the migrant groups would represent a major public health improvement for all ethnic groups.
Abstract P5-05-11: Growth hormone receptor silencing sensitizes triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapy
Authors: Arunkumar Arumugam, Ramadevi Subramani, Sushmita Nandy, Rebecca Lopez-Valdez, Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy
Journal: Cancer Research (2015)

Abstract Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer, which, accounts for approximately, 15% of breast cancers diagnosed in women. TNBCs lack expression of estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2). So, there are no targeted therapies available for TNBCs and chemotherapy is the main choice for the treatment. Although the tumors respond initially, large numbers of patients develop recurrence due to chemoresistance. Growth hormone receptor (GHR) is a class I cytokine receptor, which plays vital role in the development of chemoresistance. Studies have shown that silencing of GHR sensitizes breast cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. In this study we investigated the impact of GHR silencing in TNBC cells and further analyzed the possible mechanisms associated with GHR silencing induced sensitization. GHR was silenced using small interfering RNAs in metastatic breast cancer cells MDA MB 231 and MDA MB 468. Molecular analyses were performed to determine apoptosis, cytotoxicity, colony formation, invasion and migration in GHR knockdown cells. Silencing of GHR induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in TNBC cells. Migratory and invasive potentials were drastically reduced in GHR silenced cells. Moreover, epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers were significantly down regulated by GHR siRNA treatment. GHR targeting significantly increased the efficiency of docetaxel against TNBC cells. Inhibition of GHR also inhibited the expression of BCRP, which is frequently associated with the development of chemoresistance in breast cancer. Further, treatment with GH induced the overexpression of drug transporter proteins involved in chemoresistance. Inhibition of GHR in breast cancer cells reverted the expression of these proteins and sensitized the cells to docetaxel. These findings support the hypothesis that targeting GHR could have a potential new therapeutic approach to overcome chemoresistance in TNBCs. Citation Format: Arunkumar Arumugam, Ramadevi Subramani, Sushmita Nandy, Rebecca Lopez-Valdez, Rajkumar Lakshmanaswamy. Growth hormone receptor silencing sensitizes triple negative breast cancer cells to chemotherapy [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Seventh Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2014 Dec 9-13; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(9 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-05-11.
Physician Estimations of the Risk of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Recurrence—Not Accurate Enough?
Authors: Heikki Joensuu
Journal: JAMA Oncology (2015)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA Oncology HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Podcast Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA Oncology journal
Metabolic characterization by in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (PMRS) - predicts the post treatment status of the soft tissue sarcomas?
Authors: Madhabananda Kar, S. V. Surya Narayan Deo, Nootan Kumar Shukla, Uma Sharma, Virendra Kumar, K. A. Danni, Sidharth Datta Gupta, Vaisgali Deo, Sanjay Thulkar
Journal: Clinical Cancer Research (2006)

B5   Objective: It is always very difficult to assign a grade which is the most important prognostic factor in soft tissue sarcoma. It is not also easy to measure the therapeutic efficacy which is also because of its heterogenity. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation of in vivo proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic findings with histopathological features at different states of soft tissue sarcomas in (pretreatment and post treatment).Methods: PMRS Study was performed at 1.5Tesla MRI machine with a surface coil appropriate for the location of the lesions in 25 patients. Single-voxel (SVS) study has been done in 10 cases and chemical shift imaging (CSI) study characterized the heterogeneity of the tumor in 15 cases by using point - resolved spectroscopic sequence (PRESS) with echo time TR=2000 / TE = 30, 135 & 270 msec. The choline peak, identified at 3.2 ppm in spectra was considered as significant. MRS results and histopathology findings were correlated and P
Cyclosporine‐A in severe chronic urticaria: the option for long‐term therapy
Authors: A. Kessel, E. Toubi
Journal: Allergy (2010)

The treatment of severe chronic urticaria (CU) remains a difficult goal to achieve. Many patients do not respond to anti-histamine therapy, even when off-label doses are given. Thus, cyclosporine-A (CsA) becomes a good therapeutic option for severe patients and for some, long-term therapy is required. We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of low-dose CsA, when treatment cannot be discontinued and long-term CsA therapy is needed to maintain severe CU in remission.Among 2000 patients with CU who were referred to our outpatient clinic, 120 patients who suffered from a very severe CU began treatment with CsA 3 mg/kg. A clinical and laboratory followup was performed during this period of treatment.In 20 patients, CsA was discontinued within 2-15 days after initiation because of side-effects. Among 62 of the remaining 100 patients (62%), CsA was administered for a period of 3 months with a highly beneficial outcome. In another 20 patients (20%), CsA was considered beneficial; however, it was required for a longer period of time, 5-10 years for some of the cases. In all cases, CsA was well tolerated and most important, it was safe. For 18 patients (18%), CsA therapy was reported as failed.A low dose of CsA is a good option for patients who suffer from especially severe CU. In most cases, this therapy regimen is considered effective and safe. For a small group of patients, long-term therapy is needed, and until now it is considered safe.
Abstract 2634: Direct reprogramming of tumor cells: a basis for novel therapeutic approaches
Authors: Lena Bluemel, Carolin Huelsewig, Holm Zaehres, Hans Schoeler, Ludwig Kiesel, Christof Bernemann
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Introduction Direct reprogramming describes a process by which differentiated cells can be converted into virtually any other cell type, including terminal differentiated cells. This breakthrough offers a chance for regenerative medicine in order to treat patients suffering from degenerative diseases like Parkinson disease or tissue damages. We believe that direct reprogramming of tumor cells provides a basis for novel targeted therapies of aggressive tumors. These tumors could be reprogrammed into tumors of another, less aggressive subtype, that could potentially be treated more easily than the parental tumor does. We used the most aggressive breast cancer subtype - triple negative breast cancer - as research model. Its missing expression of both hormone receptors (HR) as well as HER2 renders this subtype more aggressive compared to HR or HER2 positive tumors. It also implies its poorer prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes, for which targeted therapies are available, e.g. anti-HER2 therapies that drastically improved formerly poor prognosis of HER2 positive cancer to a much better prognostic subtype nowadays. We suggest that by use of direct reprogramming of triple negative breast cancer cells into HER2 positive cancer cells, these cells are susceptible to anti-HER2 targeted therapies, shifting its poor prognosis into better prognosis. Methods Triple negative breast cancer cell lines were transduced using HER2 expressing lentiviral particles. Molecular biological analyses were performed to investigate the functionality of the transgene. Subsequently, targeted therapies against HER2 followed by molecular analyses of effects were performed. Results The expression of HER2 could be shown by both mRNA (using qPCR) as well as protein (Western Blot) approaches. Additionally, immunofluorescence analysis confirmed membrane localization of HER2. Furthermore, preliminary results using targeted anti-HER2 therapies showed reduction of proliferative capacity of formerly triple negative breast cancer cells. Conclusion We conclude that direct reprogramming might become a tool of converting aggressive tumor types into cells susceptible to targeted therapies. Its current system describes a proof-of-principal whether reprogramming approaches might find a way into clinical settings someday. Nevertheless, strong hurdles have to be taken to make such approaches valuable for (breast) cancer patients. Citation Format: Lena Bluemel, Carolin Huelsewig, Holm Zaehres, Hans Schoeler, Ludwig Kiesel, Christof Bernemann. Direct reprogramming of tumor cells: a basis for novel therapeutic approaches. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 2634. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-2634
US spends $2.7m to prevent spread of West Nile virus
Authors: Fred Charatan
Journal: BMJ (2000)

New York city's health department has spent the past few months working to prevent the re-emergence of West Nile virus, which last August caused seven deaths and 62 cases of encephalitis in the New York metropolitan area ( BMJ 1999;319:941). Horses as well as humans were infected, especially those on horse farms in eastern Long Island.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which has developed standardised laboratory tests for the …
Abstract 1866: Detection of early-stage lung cancer using a novel ELISA for thymidine kinase 1
Authors: Madison K. Ramsden, Melissa M. Alegre, Michael J. Weyant, Daine T. Bennett, Jessica A. Yu, Atif Elnaggar, Richard A. Robison, Kim L. O'Neill
Journal: Cancer Research (2014)

Abstract Lung cancer is the number one cause of cancer mortality and early detection will increase the survival of this disease. Thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) is a biomarker indicative of cell proliferation that is elevated in numerous malignancies including lung cancer. TK1 has been found to be elevated early in the development of lung cancer and therefore is an ideal target as an early detection biomarker. We have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect TK1 in serum. Forty patients with pulmonary nodules and 18 healthy control individuals had serum collected under standard conditions, prior to operative removal of any lesions. All serum samples were analyzed using TK1 radioassay to measure TK1 activity, and TK1 ELISA to measure TK1 concentration. TK1 was significantly elevated in all patients with confirmed lung cancer. This was true even in stage IA, where patients (n=16) had significantly higher TK1 levels than controls. The clearest cut-off was 4.9 nM with an area under the curve of 0.792 for early stage lung cancer. The corresponding sensitivity and specificity was 82.4 and 83.3, respectively. TK1 concentration was a more sensitive and accurate indicator of lung cancer than TK1 activity. Overall, TK1 is significantly elevated in serum of lung cancer patients. This TK1 ELISA is sensitive and specific for detection of lung cancer and further trials with a larger patient base can confirm the potential of this method of detection. Citation Format: Madison K. Ramsden, Melissa M. Alegre, Michael J. Weyant, Daine T. Bennett, Jessica A. Yu, Atif Elnaggar, Richard A. Robison, Kim L. O'Neill. Detection of early-stage lung cancer using a novel ELISA for thymidine kinase 1. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 1866. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-1866
Confocal laser scanning microscopy, optical coherence tomography and transonychial water loss for in vivo investigation of nails
Authors: E. Sattler, R. Kaestle, G. Rothmund, J. Welzel
Journal: British Journal of Dermatology (2011)

Background Nail disorders can be diagnostically challenging to the dermatologist. Noninvasive methods might help to avoid nail biopsies. More knowledge of the typical features of healthy nails with these techniques is needed for comparison with nail diseases. Objectives To describe the typical morphology of healthy nails in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and to examine the influence of exposure to water on OCT features, nail thickness as well as on transonychial water loss (TOWL) before and after a hand bath. Material and methods In the first part healthy nail plates were investigated with OCT and CLSM. The thickness of layers as well as structural details were defined. Secondly, in a prospective study 30 healthy volunteers conducted 10 hand baths with water within a 2-week period. Measurements of nail thickness and signal intensity by OCT as well as of the TOWL were performed over time. Results In OCT the unaffected nail plate appears as a band-like, layered structure, yet with some individual differences. In addition, CLSM is able to display single corneocytes and the integrity of their borders. Exposure to water led to a transient rise of TOWL and in nail thickness. Conclusions OCT, CLSM and TOWL offer valuable noninvasive diagnostic tools for the examination of nails. Using CLSM, microscopic features like integrity of single corneocytes can be investigated. OCT allows determination of nail plate thickness and both OCT and TOWL measurements are able to detect short-term effects after exposure to water.
Risk Factors for Hyperopia and Myopia in Preschool Children
Authors: Mark S. Borchert, Rohit Varma, Susan A. Cotter, Kristina Tarczy-Hornoch, Roberta McKean-Cowdin, Jesse H. Lin, Ge Wen, Stanley P. Azen, Mina Torres, James M. Tielsch, David S. Friedman, Michael X. Repka, Joanne Katz, Josephine Ibironke, Lydia Giordano
Journal: Ophthalmology (2011)
Book: New Labour, New Language?
Authors: J. Aronson
Journal: BMJ (2000)

Norman Fairclough Routledge, £9.99, pp 178 ISBN 0 415 21827 6 Rating: ![Graphic][1]</img>![Graphic][2]</img>![Graphic][3]</img>![Graphic][4]</img> “I can suck melancholy out of a song,” says Shakespeare's Jaques, “as a weasel sucks eggs.” Hence the phrase “weasel words,” coined for political purposes in the United States at the end of the 19th century and used (most famously by Theodore Roosevelt, criticising President Woodrow Wilson) to describe rhetoric that sounds as if it has substance but is actually empty of specific meaning, or is at best ambiguous and vague. All competent politicians know, often purely instinctively, how to coin weasel words, or at least how to use them. But none is as good at it as Tony Blair and “new Labour,” according to Norman Fairclough in this penetrating disquisition, refreshingly free of sociolinguistic jargon and bolstered by linguistic evidence and analysis. Some short words make superb weasels. Like “we.” Not much ambiguity there, you might think. But “we” … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif
THE HUMAN FACTORS IN HIGH PERFORMANCE AIRCRAFT
Authors: Groesbeck B
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1948)

ExcerptAbout three years ago I had the honor of addressing the New Orleans regional meeting of this College on the subject of Aviation Medicine and with what now appears to be rather unbecoming smugness, I at least intimated that the physiological problems incidental to military flying were well on their way toward final solution. Events, however, have proved that such is not the case. The aircraft designers have come forth with new planes whose performances in the air present new questions in environmental physiology to which as yet we do not have the answers. These answers, however, must be provided...
Warning on Dietary Supplements
Authors: Jane E. Henney
Journal: JAMA (1999)

Our website uses cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to use our site, or clicking "Continue," you are agreeing to our Cookie Policy | Continue JAMA HomeNew OnlineCurrent IssueFor Authors Publications JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry (1919-1959) Podcasts Clinical Reviews Editors' Summary Medical News Author Interviews More JN Learning / CMESubscribeJobsInstitutions / LibrariansReprints & Permissions Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Accessibility Statement 2023 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved Search All JAMA JAMA Network Open JAMA Cardiology JAMA Dermatology JAMA Forum Archive JAMA Health Forum JAMA Internal Medicine JAMA Neurology JAMA Oncology JAMA Ophthalmology JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery JAMA Pediatrics JAMA Psychiatry JAMA Surgery Archives of Neurology & Psychiatry Input Search Term Sign In Individual Sign In Sign inCreate an Account Access through your institution Sign In Purchase Options: Buy this article Rent this article Subscribe to the JAMA journal
A memorable patient: The screaming man
Authors: S. A Spence
Journal: BMJ (1999)

This approach would help to reinforce or refute observations of borderline significance.The importance of an association between a particular genotype and risk of disease allows people at high risk to be counselled appropriately and modifiable risk factors to be treated more aggressively.In certain circumstances, correcting a protein deficiency with supplements may be helpful.Genetic manipulation, although intuitively attractive, is associated with practical, technical, and ethical problems but may be a treatment of the future.Most cases of myocardial infarction are unlikely to be due to a single gene defect.Nevertheless, the report by Salonen et al helps to increase understanding of genotype and disease and to identify promising areas of research.
OCCLUSIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA: A STUDY OF 16 CASES OF SADDLE EMBOLUS AND THROMBOSIS
Authors: Nathaniel E. Reich
Journal: Annals of Internal Medicine (1943)

Article1 July 1943OCCLUSIONS OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA: A STUDY OF 16 CASES OF SADDLE EMBOLUS AND THROMBOSISNATHANIEL E. REICH, M.D.NATHANIEL E. REICH, M.D.Search for more papers by this authorAuthor, Article, and Disclosure Informationhttps://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-19-1-36 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ExcerptA highly dramatic episode in medicine is a condition variously described as thrombosis or embolism of the abdominal aorta and "rider's" or "saddle" thrombus or embolism. Approximately 150 cases of obstruction of the abdominal aorta have been reported in the literature to date. In the main, these have consisted of scattered reports of from one to five cases. We have been fortunate in accumulating 16 cases over a period of five years at Kings County Hospital. Eleven of these were autopsied and two recovered by recanalization. As far as is known this is the largest group to be studied. A...Bibliography1. REICH NE: Portal thrombosis occurring in portal hypertension, ANN. INT. MED., 1942, xvii, 270. Primary portal phlebosclerosis, Arch. Int. Med., 1942, lxix, 117. Google Scholar2. NYGAARDBROWN KKGE: Essential thrombophilia, Arch. Int. Med., 1937, lix, 82. CrossrefGoogle Scholar This content is PDF only. To continue reading please click on the PDF icon. Author, Article, and Disclosure InformationAffiliations: *Received for publication June 25, 1942.From the Kings County Hospital, Service of Dr. C. H. Greene, and the L. I. College of Medicine, Dr. J. H. Crawford, Director. PreviousarticleNextarticle Advertisement FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Metrics Cited byAortic embolectomySaddle Embolism of the Aortic BifurcationSystemic arterial embolism in rheumatic heart diseaseEmbolectomy from the Abdominal AortaUnusual conditions involving the abdominal aorta 1 July 1943Volume 19, Issue 1Page: 36-59KeywordsAortaHospital medicineThrombosis ePublished: 1 December 2008 Issue Published: 1 July 1943 PDF downloadLoading ...